"^^/ S cf* a '-^ O -A o V ^ " / * « ^y % /> ¥ * ^x^" ^% '"■ w ci' s ^ .\ O A . 8 , -/ \'^S " * ^ -^^^ ^ - .VT-^ ^ " V*' Jr ' • -Ci-, -^ "o. ■ ^ ^ ^ ^ (- V v^- ^«-%',%, c^'^-^i O^ s~^ "% .♦'^ V^'^T--^-^- %'*o; 'A <> ^ .%^ \ >^^ 4" 0- G <^' > ~i ,0- ^ ■, . ' .\ '^ -^ ij X /%- '.^.% '-^, .-^' V i'^' ^ A .0- ■-»■'' . ^ . X " >. -^ .0 %4 \y:^^y... -?. "^ ^\\ ,V.B, J^-^^ ;^^.. r ^itm: ■y V.P, H -7% c'^ ^X^"'*^ %^^ 'Jv' <^^.^< NEW TOEK AS TT WAS AND AS IT IS; GIVING AN ACCOUNT OF THE CITY FROM ITS SETTLEMENT TO THE PRESENT TIME; FORMING A COMPLETE GUIDE TO THE Great Metropolis of the Nation, INCLUDING THE CITY OF BROOKLYN - AND THE STTEEOraDING CITIES AND VILLAGES; TOGETHER WITH A Classified Busih"ess Dieeotoet. WITH MAP AND ILLUSTRATIONS. COMPILED BY Author of "Influence of Climate in North and South A.merica^" etc.™ ~ 137SJ .cT/V Published by D. Van Nostrand, 23 Murray Street, and for sale by Booksellers generally. 1876. VvA/.Va.'. V^'n/' Entered according to Act of Congress, in 1876, By John Disturnell, In the office of tlie Librarian of Congress, Washington, D. C. •HI Printed by John Polhemus, 102 Nassau Street, New York. TO THE PUBLIC. IN THE Compilation of " New York as It Was and as It Is," for 1876, the Author wishes to acknowledge the many favors conferred and the ready- information given to make this volume reliable and complete. Great care and labor has been bestowed in order to render it useful, so as to serve the wants of the public during the coming Centennial Celebration of our National In- dependence. Encouraged by the steady patronage bestowed during the past forty years, on similar publications, the Compiler feels warranted in speaking of his own labors: In 1833 a similar Work to the above was issued, entitled "New York as It Is,^' and continued yearly until 1837; then followed the " Pictvresque Beauties of the Hudson Biver," 1835-36, — " Thirty-three Miles Around New York,'' 1839, — "New York State Gazetteer" 1M2,—" New York State Register," 1843 to 1858, annually, — "Picturesque Tourist," 1844 to 1848, — " Raikcay and Steamship Guide," 1846 to I860,—" United States Register, or Blue Book," 1851 to 1875,— ^' Trip Through the Lakes and River St. Lawrence," 1857 to 1S1I2,—" Influence of Climate in North and South America," 1867, — " Across the Continent and Around the World," 1871 to 187S,—-' Sailing on the Great Lakes and Rivers of America," 1874, — " Guide to the Island of Mackinac and Its Vicinity," 1875; Also, several other valuable publications, comprising, altogether, upwards of eighty volumes of dif- ferent sizes, issued by the Compiler during the last forty-two years. The preparation of the present volume, with its maps and embellishments, has been one of the most laborious and costly of the series of Statistical and Geographical Works issued during the above period, while an earnest attempt has been made to make this publication in every respect full and reliable as regards a faithful Description of the City of New York, with all its varied institutions, including the City of Brooklyn and other Cities and Villages in its immediate vicinity. J. DISTURNELL. New York, January, 1876. EMBELLISHMENTS. Pagb. 1. Xev Yoek Harbor, from the Battery— Frontispiece. 2. Battery axd Castle G.^rden, from Xorth River, 3. Beble House— Astor Place, ...... 4. Old Custom House — Now Sub-Treasury Building, 5. "Washln-gton Monument — Union Square, .... 6. Trls'ity Cbxtich — Broadway, ...... 7. Cooper Union— Eighth Street, ..... 8. Young Men's Christlvn Assocl\tion Bullden'G, 9. Roman Catholic Cathedral— Fifth Avenue, (comer olst Street) 10. Castle Garden, from the Batter}-, ..... 11. OcE-\N Steadier Leaving the Port of Xew York, 12. Steamboat Landinc — Pier Xo. 1, Xorth River, . 13. Brooklyn Xavy Yard, ...... 14. New York from Governor's Island, .... Old !ilAP of the City of ZSTew York, compiled during the "War of the Revolution— 1782. — M-\p of the Hudson River. ^Iap of the City of Xew York, showing Railroad Routes, Etc. INTRODUCTIOISr. ^EW York, the Great Metropolis of the Nation, and most favored City in America, owes its commercial prosperity and great wealth mainly to its natural position, as regards land and water— the Island being surrounded by tide-waters and navigable rivers, with a capacious and well-protected harbor contiguous to the Atlantic Ocean. This, in connection with its healthy climate and fruitful soil, by which it is surrounded— while lying near the middle of the Temperate Zone — altogether make its position unrivaled either in the Old or New World. Then comes its system of internal communication by means of the Hudson River, the East River and Long Island Sound, together with Canals and Rail- roads leading west to the Great Lakes, and to almost every other point of the compass- reaching Southward to the Gulf of Mexico, and Northward to near the Gulf of St. Lawrence— the Railroads, by numerous lines, crossing the Highlands and mountain barriers and the fertile Valley of the Mississippi, penetrating to the base of the Rocky Mountains, then extending still further westward by one main line to the Pacific Ocean — all pouring an immense amount of wealth into this favored mart. Ocean Steamers of the largest class are enabled to enter the harbor and ap- proach the wharves at all seasons of the year, carrying annually an immense amount of merchantable products from every quarter of the globe, as well as a great number of emigrants, and cabin passengers, to and from Europe and other parts of the world — altogether making the Port of New York the largest and most favored commercial mart on the face of the globe. The completion of the Erie Canal in 1826, the commencement of Railroads in 1831, the introduction of Croton Water and the creation of the Central Park, have all greatly benefited the city. Now, the demand is for a system of Rapid Transit to accommodate the wants of the growing population of New York and its suburbs. The above vast advantages afforded by Nature and Art should be justly ap. predated by the citizens at large, tending to make them the most prosperous people on the face of the globe, now numbering upwards of a million souls within the city bounds, and another million within a radius of fifteen miles — making upwards of two million inhabitants — forming, as it were, one commu- nity, and possessing untold wealth with most of the comforts of life combined. The above constitute the glory of the Empire City and its Environs. Notwithstanding the above favorable condition and advantages of the City of New York, produced by natural causes, we unfortunately here see gilded wealth VI INTKODUCTION. and luxury on the one liand, and squalid poverty and distress in contiguity: while intemperance and crime are on the increase. Next in importance to the above evils is the enormous City Debt ($120,000,000), excessive taxation, now amount- ing to $30,000,000 annually, and the robberies committed by dishonest politi- cians, who, in a measure, rule the city, causing many to doubt the possibility of large cities being well governed by republican institutions where universal suffrage prevails. The above unmitigated evils, or crimes, flowing from ignorance and a too eager desire to accumulate wealth, marring our republican form of government^ cause DISGRACE to rest on this otherwise favored Metropolis, where all nation- alities alike congregate and enjoy the privileges of free institutions. The unfortunate reverse which the City of New York and the country at large has recently experienced, owing ia part to the above demoralizing causes, and the depreciation of our National Currency ; together with reckless extrava- gance, ought to teach us a lesson of moderation, and cause us, as a people, to correct and avoid a repetition of such great evils. Too long has the dishonest politician, the unfeeling usurer, and the greedy speculator had the ascendency. Let the favored, the middle and the intelligent laboring classes of society combine for self-defense — return to industrious and frugal habits, and learn wisdom from sad experience. J. D. CO^TEISTTS, PAET I. PAGE. New York as It Was. Discovery and Settlement of North America — Early Settle- ment of Manhattan Island — New York at the Time of the Capitula- tion to the English — Old Land Marks in 1770— The City of New York in 1776— Old and NeAv Names of Streets— New York Directory for 1786, etc. — New York after the Peace of 1783 — Land Marks of the Days of the Revolution — Wall Street — Rerainiscenses of New York — Description of New York in 1800— Broadway, Banks, etc.— Tri- nity Church, etc. — First Steam- boats—Mayors of New York— Cen- sus Returns— Rich Men of New York— Forty Years Since, or New York as It Was— Ocean Steamers and Railroads, 1851-52 — Chrono- logical Sketch of Important Events — Old Institutions — Formation of Wards — British Occupation of the City of New York, 1776 to 1783. . . 1^50 PAET II. New York as It Is. Description of the City and County of New York — Public Buildings, etc. — United States Gov- ernment Buildings — Monuments — Public Parks, Colleges, Churches, etc. — Croton Aqueduct, etc. — Schools, Academies, Hospitals, Asylums, etc. — City Government, Courts, etc. — City Debt — Salaries fixed by Law — Markets — Monied Institutions — Manufactures, Com- merce, etc. — Avenues and Streets — City Railroads — Life in New York — Census of the City of New York from 1790 to 1875— Railroads Di- verging from the City of New York, — Summary of Statistics, copied from the Annual Report of the New York City Mission for 1875. . . 51-70 PAET III. PAGE. Municipal Government, 187f>— Ex- ecutive Departments — Finance De- partment—Department of Public Works, etc.— Department of Pub- lic Parks — Police Department — Department of Public Charities — Fire Department— Board of Health — Board of Education — County Officers— County Clerk's Office — Sheriff's Office— Surrogate's Office — Tax Commissioners, etc. — Civil Courts — Supreme Court — Supe- rior Court — Court of Common Pleas — Criminal CouRTS--Court of Oyer and Terminer — Marine Court — Court of Special Sessions — Police Courts — Court of Arbitration — Port Wardens, etc.— United States Circuit and District Courts, etc. — Health Statistics — Census of the City, etc. — Table Showing the Debt and Taxes of New York — Public Charities — Dispensaries, Asy- lums, Homes, etc 78-88 PAET IV. Colleges, Academies, etc.— Colum- bia College — School of Law, Col- umbia College — College of Physi- cians and Surgeons of New York — Bellevue Hospital, etc. — Univer- sity of the City of New York — Col- lege of the City of New York — Union Theological Seminary — The- ological Seminary of the Protestant Episcopal Church — College of St. Francis Xavier — St. John's College — Manhattan College — Rutger's Female College — American Tract Society — Medical Institutions 89-100 PAET V. Art, Literary, Scientific and Mis- cellaneous Societies, Libraries, etc. — Metropolitan Museum of Art — National Academy of Design — Cooper Union for the Advance- ment of Science and Art — New York Historical Society— General Vlll CONTENTS. Society of Mechanics and Trades- men—American Institute of the City of New York — American Geographical Society— Association for the Advancement of Science and Art — New Masonic Hall — Grand Lodge— Masonic Societies — New England Society — St. An- drew's Society— St. George's So- ciety—St. Nicholas Society— Ger- man Society — Public Libraries OF THE City of New York — Astor Library — Lenox Libraiy, etc. — Places of Amusement — Club Houses— Chamber of Commerce- Court of Arbitration— New York Produce Exchange, etc. — Board of Trade— New York Stock Exchange —United States Collector's Office — Naval Office, etc.— United States Assistant Treasurer's Office — As- say Office — Internal Revenue 101-120 PAET VI. Religious asd Beist;vole>'T Insti- tutions — American Bible Society — American Home Missionary, etc. — Protestant Episcopal Institutions — Presbyterian Institutions — Board of Missions of the Reformed Church — Baptist City Mission, etc. — Meth- odist Missionary Society, Book Concern, Sunday School Union, etc. — National Temperance Society — Youn^ Men's Christian Associa- tion — Churches in New York — Pastors, etc. — Missions and Churches for Seamen — City Mis- sionary Societies, Sabbath Schools, etc. — Cemeteries in New York and BrookljTi — Benevolent Associa- tions — Asylums — Charities — Chris- tian Associations — City Missions — Dispensaries — Homes and Home Missions — Foreign Missions — In- stitutions for Children — Prison As- sociations — Reform Associations — Seamen's Societies — State Chari- ties, etc.— Society for the Preven- tion of Cruelty to Children— So- ciety for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals — City Hospitals- New York Hospital, etc 121-154 PAET VII. Parks, Public Squares, Streets, etc. — Battery — Union Square, Ma- dison Square, etc.— Central Park — Objects of Interest — Hackney Coaches— Cartmen— Avenues and Streets — New York City Railroad Routes — Omnibus Lines — Rapid Transit — New York Elevated Rail- road — Gilbert Railroad Company — Gas Light Companies — Delaware and Hudson Canal Company — Fer- ries — Location of Piers — Domestic and Foreign Postage — Population of New I'ork by Wards, 1800 to 1875 — Criminal Statistics 155-1 V9 PAET VIII. Newspapers and Periodicals in New York — New York Associated Press — City Press Association — Steamers Sailing from Ameri- can to Foreign Ports— Steamers Runnnig from New York to the West Indies, South America, etc. — Pacific ;Mail Steamships — Steam- ers Sailing from New York to Domestic Ports — Hudson River Steamers — Long Island Sound Steamers— Distances and Mail Time from New York — Railroad Com- panies Having Offices in New York — Express Companies — Telegraph Companies — Foreign Consuls 180-196 PAET IX. Growth of Banks and Banhk Capi- tal — Safety Fund Banks, etc. — New York City Banks, Rules and Regulations — Banks, National and State — Rise and Growth of Savings Banks — Banks for Savings in the City of New York — Loan and Tinist Companies — Safe Deposit Compa- nies — Money Values — Gold Coins, etc. — Legal Rates of Interest — Bills of Exchange — Rise and Growth of Fire and Marine Insur- ance Companies — Fire Insurance Companies — Marine Insurance Companies — Life Insurance Com- panies, Rise and Growth of--Bank- ers in the City of New York — Mon- ied Institutions m New^ York City. 197-222 PAET Z. Description of the City of Brook- lyn, AND Other Cities in the Vicinity of New York 223-264 Cities and Villages, Fifteen Miles Abound New York 265-274 Classified Business Directory. 275-294 Advertisements i.-viii. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS, BUILDING STATISTICS— 1876. Tlie whole number of Buildings on Manhattan Island, according to the report (>f Walter W. Adams, Superintendent of the Department of Buildings, is 84,200, distributed as follows : Tenements 20,485 Brick dwellings, 2nd class 16,172 Frame dwellings, all classes 15.799 Stone dwellings, 1st class 7,136 Brick dwellings, 1st class 5,052 Stone dwellings, 2nd class 2,142 French flats 198 Hotels, 1st and 2nd class 172 Stores --- 8,298 Stables 5,099 Factories 2,724 Churches 425 Banks 67 Hospitals and Asylums Breweries . . 56 Halls ... 45 Public Buildings Railroad Depots Theatres 88 28 27 Markets , 11 ^Miscellaneous 147 No. of Dwelling Houses ... 67,156 Bank of the State of New York, ;$3 William Street. Reorganized 1876. Capital, 1800,000. W. H. Hays, Pres. ; Henry Morgan, Vice-Pres. ; George R. A. Ruketts, Cashier. North British and Mercantile Ins. Co., of London and Edinburgh. 54 William Street, cor. Pine Street. Ezra White, Chas. E. White and S. P. BT.A Sheriff's Office 78 Society Library 114 Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children 15-2 Stock Exchange 118 State Census 8.5. Taxes 86- Theological Seminary 97 University 94-95. Wards, Formation of 4!> Water Works 60- Normal and High School 78 Northern Railroad of New Jersey 269 North Shore, Staten Island 271 Ocean Steamers and Railroads 43-44 Sailing to Europ'n Ports 185-187 " " West Indies, &c. 188 " " Domestic Ports.. 189 Odd Fellows 108 Old Institutions in New York 49/ Xll. NEW YORK AS IT IS. Old Landmarks in 1770 19-21 Old and New Names of Streets 26 Old Sugar House 27 Omnibus Lines 1 '^ Orange, N. J 269 Orphan Asylums 150 Pacific Mail Steamships. . . 1»» Palisades 273 Pamrapo, N. J 2b7 Parks, Public 155 Park Commissioners 231 Passaic, N. J 2<9 Paterson, N. J ^'J^ Pauperism and Crime 1'9 Periodicals 180 Philadelphia, New Railroads to 193 Piers, List of 176 Places of Amusement 115 Police Courts 82 Police Department 75 Police Headquarters 55 Population of Brooklyn - 234 New York 178 Port Richmond, S. 1 271 Port Wardens 83 Post Office Building 56 Post Office and Rates of Postage 117 I'resby terian Churches 133-134 Prison Associations 150 Produce Exchange 116 Prospect Park, Brooklyn 224 Public Administration 74 Public Buildings 54 Public Charities 70-87 Public Parks 59-157-224 Public Schools : 61-225 Quarantine 83-271 Quarterly Publications 184 Quick Passages to European Ports 189 Randall's Island 55 Railroads in New York 41-66 Railroads, List of 68 Depots 274 Offices 192 Rapid Transit 172 Rates of Postage 177 Ravenswood 262 Reformed Dutch Church. 25 Reformed Churches 138 Reform Societies 150 Reformed Dutch Churches 25 Religious Institutions 121 Reminiscences of New York in 1790 29 Rich Men of New York 38-40 Riverside Park 156 Roman Catholic Churches 138 Rutger's Female Institute 99 Rutherford Park, N. J 270 Sabbath Schools 142 Safe Deposit Companies 207 Safety Fund Banks, &c 198 Sailors' Snug Harbor 271 Salaried Officers 295-296 Sandy Hook 270 Savings Banks 205-206 " Statement of 204 School of Law 91 Schools, Public 61 Scientific Institutions 101 Sheriff's Office 79 Ship Masters' Association 118 Seamen's Societies 124-151 Society Library of New York 114 Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen. . . 103 South Orange, N. J 269 Spuyten Duyvil 273 St. John's College 98 St. John's Guild 109 St. Andrew's Society 108 St. George's Society 109 St. Luke's Hospital 154 St. Nicholas' Society 109 St. Mary's Hospital 153 Stage Lines 41 State Charities 151 Staten Island 271 Station Houses 75* Steamboat Lines 191 Steamboats on the Hudson 37 Steamship Lines 191-192 Stock Exchange 118 Streets and Avenues, List of 161 Street Railroads 169-171 Suburbs of New lork 265-274 Summary for 1875 69-70 Sunday School Societies 151 Sunday School Union 127 Surrogate's Office 79 Taxation 67 Taxes 86 Tax Commissions 79 Telegraph Offices 194-195 Temperance Societies 128-151 Theatres 115 Theological Seminaries 97 Tombs, The 54 Tompkins Square : . 156 Tract Societies 151 Trinity Church, History of , &c 35-36 Trust Companies 207 Union Perry Company 227 Union Square 155 Unitarian Churches 140 Universalist Churches 140 United States Assay Office 56-120 Couris 83 Custom House 55-119 Navy Yard 226 Post Office 56 Treasurer's Office 120 University of the City of New York 94 Medical College 95 Union Theological Seminary 97 Vanderbili's Landing 271 Wallabout Bay 223 Wall Street 28 Walton House 28 Wards, Formation of 49 Washington's Headquarters : 27* Washington Monument 58 Park, Brooklyn 224 Waverley, N. J 269 Westchester County 272 West Point 274 Willett's Point 273 Williamsburgh (See BrooMyn) Woodlawn Cemetery 143 Yonkers, City of 273 Young Men's Christian Association 128 Brooklyn 237 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. PART L DISCOVERY AND SETTLEMENT OF NORTH AMERICA. THE Discovery of North America by John and Sebastian Cabot in the year 1497, five years after the discovery of the West Indies and South America by Columbus, is one of the most important events in modern history. Upwards of one hundred years followed in vain attempts to find a Northwest Passage to China by sailing northward toward Hudson and Baffin's Bay, thereby neglecting the settlement of the finest and richest portions of the globe, embracing what now constitutes the United States of America. The first permanent settlement by the English was made by the Cavaliers under the direction of Sir Walter Raleigh and others, who landed at Jamestown, Virginia, in May, 1607. In September, 1609, Heney Hudson discovered the Bay of New York, while sailing in the employ of the Dutch East India Com- pany. In 1614 a permanent settlement was made by the Dutch on the Island of Manhattan — then other settlers followed, locating on the banks^ of the Hudson and in New Jersey. The landing of the Pilgrim Fathers at Plymouth, Mass., in December, 1620, is the next great event in colonization, and the settlement of portions of New Jersey and Delaware, which soon followed, by the Swedes, altogether formed the first germ of the early American character — together with the Quaker ele- ment introduced by William Penn and his followers, who settled in Pennsyl- vania in 1682, and foun .^i the City of Philadelphia. While Virginia can boast of the first Settlement within the bounds of the thirteen original States of the Union, the State of New York at the present time ranks as the Empire State, and the City of New York ranks as one of the most important cities of the World. The United States op America declared their Independence July 4, 1776, and now ranks as one of the largest and most favored Nations of the Globe* as regards area, population, commerce and wealth. 13 EARLY SETTLEMENT OF MANHATTAN ISLAND. " HENDRICK HUDSON," says a late learned writer,* " in April, 1609, under the direction of the Dutch East India Company, and for the purpose of finding a Northwest Passage— that great sea problem of the day— dared the perils of the Atlantic in the " Half-Moon,''^ of 80 tons, with a crew of twenty men. After stopping at various places along the coast, on the 11th of September, 1609, he» brought his little vessel to anchor in what is now the Bay of New York. " According to the Indian tradition, on the appearance of the " Half Moon," there was great consternation among the simple aborigines who then inhabited the dense forests where now this city stands. Some thought it an immensely large fish or huge monster of the sea, others that it was a very large hut. As it continued to move in a threatening manner towards the land, couriers were sent off to notify the scattered chiefs and their people of the phenomenon, and put them on their guard and to gather in the warriors. " These various Indians arriving in large numbers on the Manhattan shore, and viewing the strange object that was slowly moving toward them, concluded that it was a large canoe or house, in which the great Manitto or Supreme Being himself was, and that he was coming to visit them. The chiefs then deliberated in council how the great Manitto should be received. *' Scouts coming in declare the object to be a house of various colors, and crowded with living creatures. It now appeared certain that it was the great Manitto, bringing them some new kind of game. Soon there is hailing from the vessel in a strange tongue. Many now begin to run to the interior woods. The house or large canoe having stopped, a smaller canoe comes ashore with a man, altogether red from head to foot, and dressed differently from the others. In the mean time the chiefs and wise men had formed a large circle, and calmly and in resigned silence awaited the awful visitor. The red-clothed man then entered the circle, and we find, by tradition, that the fear of the savages present- ly disappeared under the conciliatory deportment of the explorer and his men ; and soon, by dint of presents and kind treatment, the best understanding was established, which was continued on the arrival of the vessel in the following season. "Hudson then began the exploration of the ' Great Eiver of the Mountains,' as it was called, hoping that by it there might be a passage through the Conti- nent to the Asiatic Seas. ♦ JAMES W. GERARD, in Ms Paper on New York under the Dutch, published in 1874. 14 EAKLY SETTLEMENT OF MANHATTAN ISLAND. 15 " Hudson penetrated to the highest point of navigation beyond Albany, and was a month in his exploration. He sent an account of his voyage to his Dutch employers at Amsterdam, stating, among other things, that ' it is as beautiful a land as the foot of man can tread upon.' " We can imagine the surprise and consternation of the savage tribes that lined the banks, as the little ' Half Moon,' gigantic to them, cautiously crept on its way up the * River of the Mountains,' its motley crew peering over the vessel's sides, to gaze upon the wonders and beauties of the strange land, and half mistrusting the savages that gazed back at them from the shore. " Hudson's account of the beauty and fertility of the region, and the rich peltry to be obtained there, aroused the attention of his Dutch employers, who immediately started expeditions with a view of settlement and trade. Voyages were undertaken, at private risk, in 1610 to 1612, to trade with the Indians, at and along the river ' Mauritius ' as it was called after Prince Maurice, and a few houses or huts erected. A trading-house was also established on Castle Island, on the west side of the river, a little below the present Albany, and called Fort Nassau, "In 1614, a charter or monopoly of trading was granted by the States-General to an Amsterdam association, and the territory was recognized for the first time under its new name of '' Nieuw-Nederland,'^^ which comprised the region, as set forth in the*jiharter, between New France and Virginia, the sea coast where- of extended from the 40th to the 45th of latitude. "In 1621, an exclusive charter, with almost sovereign powers, was given to the Dutch West India Company. This Company immediately began the business of colonization and the construction of buildings for the occupation of the colo- nists, and sent out cattle and farming materials, and implements. *' The colony was put under the government of a Director and Council, of whom the Governor or Director was directly commissioned by the States-Gene- ral. The Council was appointed by the Director with the approbation of the Company. " We read that Peter Minuit, one of the early Directors, in 1626, purchased the Island of Manhattan for the Company, from the Indians, for sixty guilders, or about twenty-four dollars. This amount seems not a very large one for the City of New York, but, on compounding the interest, it reaches at this time about the sum of two hundred millions of dollars. •* The City of New York at this time, that is to say at fourteen years of age, consisted of less than two score rudely fashioned log-houses, extending along the south-east shore, together with one or two buildings of greater importance belonging to the Company, including a simple block-house for defence against the red men. * Fort Orange, now Albany, and Manhattan, now New York, were first settled by the Dutch In 1614, six years before the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, Mass. 16 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. "For upwards of forty years, from 1631 to 1664, the Dutch West India Com- pany governed New Netherland, having erected a block-house for defense against the warlike savages and afterward Fort Amsterdam. During the year 1641 an Indian war broke out, owing to the unwise and aggressive policy of Governor Kieft ; the inhabitants fled to the shelter of the Fort and established their huts as near as possible to the protective ramparts. *' Those were perilous times in the ' Manhadoes.' All the farms and exposed habitations about the Island were destroyed. The plantations about Westches- ter and Staten Island, and the blooming ' bouweries ' on the East River, and on the line of the present Chatham Street, and at Hoboken, Pavonia, Navisink, and Tappaen, were laid waste, and almost every settlement on the west side of the Highlands was destroyed, and many of the inhabitants slaughtered." " The great dramatic event connected with the history of the Town and Fort was its capitulation to the English in 1664, in a time of peace between England and the Netherlands. "Charles II., King of England, as is well known, had given a patent of a large territory to his brother, the Duke of York and Albany, comprehending Long Island and all the lands and rivers from the west side of the Connecticut River to the east side of Delaware Bay. " In September, 1664, accordingly, while the colony was under the direction of Governor Stuyvesant, Col. Nichols, the Deputy-Governor appointed to reduce and govern the province for the Duke, with scarcely note of warning, appeared in the bay with a fleet of four ships of nearly 100 guns, and a body of 500 regu- lars, besides seamen. •' The Dutch colony was quite unprepared to contend with such a force, the Fort being in a dilapidated condition, manned by only 350 soldiers, and com- manded by hills within pistol shot. The garrison accordingly capitulated, with the honors of war, on the^ 8th of September. Governor Stuyvesant protested against the act, wishing to fight to the last, and exclaimed to the citizens re- questing him to surrender, ' I had much rather be carried out dead ' " The Dutch soldiers marched out of the Old Fort, according to the terms of capitulation, with their arms fixed, drums beating and colors flying, and matches lighted, down Beaver Lane to the water side, and embarked for Holland. The English flag was hoisted over the Fort, which then became Fort James and ' Nieuw Amsterdam,'' ' New York,' in honor of the Duke of York. " After its surrender to the English, the little town settled down with Dutch stolidity under its English rulers, whose government was kindly. For eight years it pursued an even course under a mayor and aldermen, instead of a Sellout, Burgemeesterin and Schepenen, until, on the war breaking out between the English and the Dutch in 1673, it was retaken by the latter. ENGLISH RULE — COLLEOK OR COLLECT POND. 17 "New York thereupon was rechristened by tlie Dutch Governor Colve ' New Orange.^ The name of New Netherland was restored, and the old Fort was rechristened Fort ' Wilhelm Hendricky in honor of the Prince of Orange. " On the subsequent peace, however, between England and Holland, in 1674, the region of New Netherland was finally ceded to the English. Governor Andros took possession for the Duke, and rechristened * New Amsterdam ' as * New York,' and the fort again became ' Fort James.'' " The old fort, during English colonial times, was the scene of gubernatorial state and show, and here too were fired salutes for His Majesty's birthday, and for victory over Frenchmen and Spaniards. *'The Fort was also the scene of stirring events during the Revolutionary period, and changed its flag under the fortunes of war. At length, when peace had been established in the land (in 1783), the services of this venerable servant of Bellona were considered no longer necessary by the ' Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty,' whose utilitarian spirit, in 1788, caused its final destruction and removal. And now no remnant of this ancient structure, that rose with the settlement of our island, and saw and shared its changing fortunes for upward of one hundred and fifty years." Colleck or Collect Pond. The following is an interesting description of a portion of Manhattan Island, as seen in early days. " Passing the corner of Chatham and Duane," (where now stands Sweeny's Hotel,) "we come to the park-water pond or lake, called Kalck-Tweck, in subsequent days corrupted into the Colleck or Collect. This pond I was very deep, one of the most romantic spots on the island, and a favorite resort for the angler and the pleasure seeker. " Where the ' Tombs ' now looks grimly down on noisome Centre street, there was presented in those days a charming sylvan scene. Little pleasure- housi .7ere placed upon the banks and shore, and fairy-like boats skimmed the pellucid waters. Here the angler pursued his gentle sport, and the lover of Nature came from his busy haunts below, and found repose and solace amid the peaceful scene. " On this pond, in 1796, John Fitch paddled, to the admiration of the gazing multitudes, his little experimental steamer, about 18 feet long.* North of the lake stretched the range of marsh land, which it was subsequently found neces- sary to drain through Canal street to the river. ♦This event was faithfully depicted in an engraving which appeared several years afterwards. 2 18 NEW YOKK AS IT WAS. "From the Collect pond, a little sparkling fresh-water stream, called the '■OuldKill,' ran over Wolfert's meadow, which covered the present Koosevelt street, and emptied into the East River, at the foot of James street, which stream was covered by a bridge at the junction of Roosevelt and Chatham streets; in English times called the "Kissing Bridge,"— so called because a cer- tain salute was claimed there by enterprising travelers from their complaisant companions. Near this was the celebrated tea- water pump, whose water was subsequently carried about the city, within the memory of many old citizens." NEW YORK AT THE TIME OF THE CAPITULATION TO THE ENGLISH IN 1664. " To illustrate the early condition of the city," says Valentine, in his History of the City of New York, " it is proposed to adopt the period at which the rule of the Dutch ter- minated, after the City had been under their auspices between thirty and forty years, and had grown up to be a considerable town, of about fifteen hundred inhabitants. " The boundary of the City was principally defined by the stockades erected in 1653, on the present line of Wall street ; and also that along the west side of the road, on the shore of the East River, on the present line of Pearl street, several of the citizens had established their residences at a very early period. This road, between the city gate and the ferry, at the present site of Peck slip, was known as ' De Smit's Valey,' or 'the Smith's Valley.' The origin of this name is ascribed to the circumstance that Cornelius Clopper, a blacksmith, es- tablished himself at the present corner of Maiden lane and Pearl street. The ' Smit's Valey ' was, for a long period, the common name of that part of the town lying between Wall street and the present Franklin square ; it was, in sub- sequent years, known as the ' Valey,' * Vly ' or ' Fly.' " We have thus far traced the road from Franklin square to Wall street, and have come to the * Waterpoort,' or Water Gate, being the entrance within the line of the city palisades, on the present line of Wall street. This gate was a heavy wooden structure, which was closed at bell ringing in the evening (nine o'clock), and opened at sunrise in the morning." CHARTER OF THE CITY OLD LANDMARKS. 19 1683. — Charter of the City of New York and Division of the City into Six Wards.* At a meeting of the Mayor and Aldermen at the City Hall, December 8, 1683, " The Devision of ye Citty and Corporation of New York into Six Wards is agreed on to be as followeth, viz. : 5. Ye West Ward. 6. Ye Out Ward, to cjontain ye Towne of Harlem, &c." 1. Ye South Ward. 2. Ye Dock Ward. 3. Ye East Ward. 4. Ye North Ward. In the same year (1683), it was Resolved, " That ye said Citty have a Common Seale to serve for ye Sealing of all and singular their affairs, matters and business touching ye said Corporation." CoRNELis Steenwyck, Mayov. OLD LANDMARKS IN 1770. Starting from the Battery, or Bowling Green, " the Broad Way " was skirted l)y a double row of trees, which extended up the slope of the street nearly as far as Beaver lane {Morris street). Here resided many persons who were in those days prominent in the mercantile and social circles of New York. Broadway above Beaver Lane was generally occupied with private dwellings. At some distance to the right, from the Broadway, on the upper side of Gar- den street {Exchange place), between Broad and Smith {now William), streets, for- merly stood the ancient church edifice of the " Old " Dutch Church. That an- cieht meeting-house remained until 1807, when it was taken down to make room for a new edifice, which, in its turn, was destroyed, in " the great fire " of De- cember, 1835. On the corner of what is now known as Rector street, stood the old Lutheran Church, and, in its rear — towards the North River — was " the English School," which had been established and fostered by the Vestry of Trinity Church. " Trinity Church, in 1770," occupied the same site — surrounded by the memo- rials of the departed — as that on which she now stands. Within, this ancient edi- fice was ornamented beyond any other place of public worship in the city. This building was destroyed in the great fire of 1776 ; and the substantial struc- ture which was erected in its place in 1788, in its turn, has given way to the pre- vailing taste for change — the magnificient edifice (erected in 1840), which is now the parish church of Old Trinity, — representing as truly the spirit of the present age as the old building first referred to did that of the merchants and the people of New York in 1770. "Immediately in front of Trinity Church, in the olden time, as it still does, Wall street extended from the Broad Way to the East Ri^ er. In the earlier days * The City of New York was originally Incorporated in 1653, while occupied by the Dutch. 20 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. of the colony (1653) 'a wall,' or stockade, had been erected along the northern line of this street, for the protection of the town from the hostile Indians— giv- ing a name to the thoroughfare at its base. Portions of this wall still remained in 1700. At an early period, on the lower corner part of Nassau street, where the Custom House (now Sub-Treasury Building) stands— stood the City Hall, which served also as the Municipal and Colonial Court House, the Debtors' and County Jail, and the Capitol of the Province. The old City Hall, finished in 1700,— after having passed through many changes (the most important of which was that under the direction of Major L'Enfant, for the reception of the first Federal Congress, under the new Constitution of 1789,) was taken down in 1813, to make way for dwellings and stores, which also, in their turn, have given way to the fine buildings occupied by the United States Government, before referred to. {See Bngraving.) " Proceeding up the Broad Way, from Trinity Church, the promenader first passed King {now Pine) street on his right, and Stone {now Thames) street on his left — the former extending eastward from the Broad Way to the East River — the latter westward from the same central thoroughfare to the North River, which at that time then flowed on the present line of Greenwich street. " Little Queen {now Cedar) street was next passed on the right, and Little {also Oedar) street on the left — then extending from the North River on the west, as at this time, to Smith {now William) street on the east. Crown {now Liberty) street extended on either hand to the North River on the west and to Maiden Lane on the east — its present limits. " Maiden Lane and Courtlandt street, both well known to the citizens of the present day, were next passed, the former extending to the East River, the latter to the North River. At the foot of the former, in the wide space that still re- mains there, was ' the Fly Market,' while the stairs on the river, near by, were one of the termini of the Long Island ferry ; at the foot of the latter was the ferry to Powle's Hook {Jersey Gity)^ which still retains the same position." A late writer says : " Outside of city palisades, beyond Wall street, Broadway was called by the Dutch ' Heere-Wegh.^ North of Wall street was the 'Maagde- Padtje' or the Maiden Path, which nomenclature was changed to Maiden Lane about 1700, This lane was, under our Dutch ancestors, a rural shady walk, with a rivulet running through it, and sloping hills on either side. Qouwenhevg Hill, on pai't of the present Pearl, Cliff and John streets, was a favorite place of resort for the citizens on sultry summer afternoons." " Dey street, on the west side of Broadway, and John street, opposite to Dey street, are still known ; and in 1770, and for nearly tliree-quarters of a century afterward, they afforded pleasant places of residence for those who thronged the ' business streets ' of that portion of the city. OLD LANDMARKS. 21 "Proceeding up the Broad Way, from Dey street, the promenader in 1770 next crossed Partition {now Fulton) street, extending westward to the North River ; or Fair {also Fulton) street, which extended eastward only to the present Cliff street. " On the lower corner of Fair and Dutch streets stood the small frame meet- ing-house of the Moravian Church, which had been erected in 1751 ; and in the northeastern corner of Fair and William streets stood the more imposing stone edifice of the North Dutch Church, which still retains its original appearance, and is still used by the same body, as in 1770, and for the same objects.* '* On the upper corner of Partition {now Fulton) street and the Broad Way stood St. Paul's Chapel, which had been dedicated in October, 1766 ; and it still stands there, surrounded by its crowded graveyard, one of the most interesting of the few landmarks which have been preserved in our city. " Opposite to St. Paul's Chapel, the road to Boston — one of the great outlets from the City — branched ofi from the Broad Way ; and the present Park Row, and Chatham Street, and the Bowery, indicate the general course which it took; through the suburbs of the city. "Vesey and Barclay streets, named after two rectors of Trinity Church, Robinson {noio Park Place), Murray, Warren, Church, and Chapel Streets, {now West Broadway), on the western side of the Broad Way, with the edifice of the King's {now Columbia) College, at the foot of Robinson street, are too well known to the citizens of New York of the present day to need any particular notice in this place. In 1770, these streets were generally occupied for resi- dences. "On the eastern side of the Broad Way, opposite the streets referred to, was the Common — an open ground, which is still well known as ' The Park. ' Even at the above early day the people had been accustomed to assemble at that place to express their opinions. They had rendezvoused there on the evening of the 31st of October, 1765, and on the following evening preparatory to the cele- brated 'Stamp Act Riots;' and at the same place, on the following Tuesday, they had re-assembled armed, with the avowed intention to storm the Fort in order to obtain possession of the stamped papers which had been deposited within it. "On its western margin, nearly opposite Murray Street, the celebrated Liberty pole was erected in June, 1766 ; and around its base (or those of the poles which from time to time had been erected in the place of those which the soldiers had destroyed) cluster many of the most romantic associations of that interesting era. On the 19th of March, 1767, the fourth pole had been erected on that spot in honor of ' The King, Pitt and Liberty,' and the colors had floated gaily from its summit on the birthday of the sovereign. * In 1875 this old edifice was sold and the land occupied by stores. 22 NETV ZOKK AS IT WAS. " Within tlie area of this Common, our present Park, on the very spot on which now stands the City Hall, stood, in 1770, the Poor-house, in the rear of which was a garden; while on the space between that and the Broad Way trees were planted. Eastward from the Poor-house stood the Debtors' Prison, a rec- tangular stone building, surmounted by a cupola — a building which, during the subsequent war of the Revolution, was occupied by Cunningham, the Provost Marshal, whose cruelties to the * rebel ' prisoners who were placed under his charge are well known. That building, with modern improvements both in- terior and exterior, still retains its place in the Park, and is known to all our citizens as ' The Hall of Records.' North from the Poor-house, near the site of the row of buildings known as ' the New City Hall,' more recently occupied, at that time stood the long line of barracks which furnished quarters for the troops whose turbulent spirit produced so much confusion in the city, and whose de- termination to cut down ' the Liberty-pole ' proved so powerful an element in the movements of that period." THE CITY OP NEW YORK, IN 1776. Mr. Hugh Gain, in his " Universal Register for the year 1787," says : " New York is about a mile and a half in length, and half a mile broad, containing, before the fire on the 21st of September, 1776, and 3d of August, 1778, about 4,200 houses, and 30,000 inhabitants. "The great fire of 1776, during the occupancy of the City by the British, commenced in a small wooden house on the wharf near Whitehall slip. The number of houses that were burned and destroyed in that awful conflagration were thus, viz:— From Mortkile street (now Barclay) to Courtlandt street, 167; from Courtlandt street to Beaver street, 175 ; from Beaver street to the East River, 151 ; total, 493 (including old Trinity Church). There being very few inhabitants in the City at the time, and many of those were afraid to venture at night in the streets, for fear of being taken up as suspicious persons, several of the citizens were sent to the provost guard for examination, and some of them remained there two and three days, until they could give satisfactory evidence of their loyalty. "Early in September, 1776, the American Army under General Washington, evacuated the City and retired to Harlem Heights; General Greene strenuously advised the destruction of the City. The spade had been liberally used. Fort George— the battery below and to the south of it ; the wharves and streets had redoubts and breastworks ; Bayard's mount was crowned by a fort, and called Bunker's Hill; Corlear's Hook was surrounded by batteries, and fortified lines crossed the island at various distances. But Washington saw that the enemy could surround the town— their troops had possession of the islands— and their OLD AND NEW NAMES OF STREETS FIRST DIRECTORY. 23 ships his batteries unharmed, on either side of the city. " Fort Washington, which was soon afterwards captured, stood on an eminence situated on the margin of the Hudson or North River, about two miles and a half below King's Bridge, crossing Harlem River. " The newspapers published in the Province of New York in 1775, were, The New York Mercury^ The Neic York Journal^ The New York Gazeteer (these in the city), and The Albany Post, in Albany." OLD AND NEW NAMES OF STREETS, so FAR AS ASCERTAINED ; COPIED FROM THE FIRST CITY DIRECTORY, 1786. Formerly Called. Now Called. Chatham Row Park Row. Crown Street Liberty Street. Dock Street Pearl Street, between Broad street and Hanover Square. Duke Street South William Street. Fair Street. .Fulton Street, between Broadway and Clifi Street. Garden Street. Exchange Place. George Street Spruce Street. Golden Hill. .John Street, between William and Pearl Street. King George Street.. William Street, Frankfort and Pearl Street. King Street Pine Street. Little Dock Street South Street, between Whitehall and Old Slip. Little Queen Street. -Cedar Street. Magazine Street Part of Pearl Street. Mill Street Part of South William Street. Mortkile Street Barclay Street. Partition Street Fulton Street, between Broadway and North River. Princess Street Beaver Street, between Bond and William Street. Queen Street Pearl Street, between Wall Street and Broadway. Robinson Street Park Place. St. James Street James Street. Smith Street .William Street, between Old Slip and Liberty Street. Stone Street Thames Street. The New York Directory for 1786, is thus announced by the Compiler. To the Inhabitants of the City of New York : Gentlemen : — Mr. Franks returns his sincere thanks to his friends and the public for their kind and liberal encouragement towards the New York Directory (eighty-two pages, 18mo). He humbly requests they may indulgently excuse any errors, inaccuracies, or omissions which may appear, and impute them only .1 24 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. to the local disadvantages lie labored under in this first attempt ; as he intends in the future editions he shall have the honor of annually presenting them, to have it more in his power to be exact, correct and circumstantial; he makes bold to call on the citizens at large for every information that they think will prove conducive to its future coiTCCtness. Their directions will be thankfully received and gratefully acknowledged by Mr. Frails, at his lodgings, No. 66 Broadway, or at Mr. Kollock's printing oflSce, corner of Wall and Water streets. Bank of New York. • (Organized 1784.) List of Officers and Directors of the Bank of New York, 1786 ; copied from the dbow Directory : Isaac Roosevelt, Esq., President. William Maxwell, Esq. , Vice-President. William Seton, Cashier. Directors: — Samuel Franklin, Nicholas Low, Daniel McCormick, Robert Bowne, Thomas Stoughton, Joshua Waddington, Comfort Sands, Thomas Ran- dall, Alexander Hamilton, John Vanberbilt, James Buchanan. Note. — The rate of discount is at present fixed at six per cent, per annum; but no discount will be made for longer than forty-five days; nor will any note or bill be discounted to pay a former one ; payment must be made in bank-notes or specie. Growth of the City of New York. In 1790, when the first OflScial Census was taken, and the City contained 33,131 inhabitants, the' northern limits of improvements on the West side was Reade street, and on the East side, parallel with the Bowery, was Grand street. Then a large fresh-water pond covered a portion of Centre street leading towa;rd Canal street. In 1830 the City had extended to Canal street, on the West side, and to Eighth street on the East side, extending a part way towards the East River. After 1830 the rapid growth of the City commenced, and now (1875) dense rows of houses extend to Central Park on the West, and to Harlem River on the East side of the city. THE NEW YORK AND BROOKLYN DIRECTORY AND REGISTER, , For the Year 1796. Compiled by John Low. Printed by John Buel and John Bull. This volume contains much information relating to the State of New York, and the City of New York; together with a Brooklyn Directory^ comprised in three pages, 12mo. REFORMED DUTCH CHURCH. 25 New Yokk State Officers, 1796. John Jay, Governor-General and Commander-in-Chief of the Militia, and Admiral of the Navy. Elbert Jones, private Secretary. Stephen Van Rensselaer, Lieut. Oav., and President of the Senate. Lewis A. Scott, Secretary of State. JosiAH Ogden HoFFM.iN, Attorney- General. Gerard Bancker, Treasurer. Peter T. Curtenas, Auditor. Simeon DeWitt, Surveyor- General. Charter Officers of the City of New York. Richard Varick, Mayor. Samuel Jones, Recorder. Jacob I. Lansing, Sheriff. Robert Benson, Clerk. Daniel Phoenix, Treasurer and Ghamherlain. William I. Elsworth, Coroner. Aldermen. Gabriel Furman, Theophilus Beekman, Robert Lenox, John Campbell, Andrew Van Tuyl, Nicholas Bayard, Cornelius C. Roosevelt. James Culbertson, RigJi Constable. Reformed Dutch Church. The first church erected on Manhattan Island was in 1628, on the arrival of the first minister, Michaelius. Soon after arrived Everardus Bogardus, the "Dominie," in 1633. The second church was erected in 1642, within the walls of Fort Amsterdam, which stood on what is now called the Battery. This church was 72 feet long, 50 wide and 16 feet high ; cost 2,500 guilders. The congregation worshiped in it until the opening of the old South Dutch Church in Garden Street. After the surrender of the colony to the English in 1664, it was occasionally occupied by the English military chaplains. This church was rebuilt in 1807, and de- stroyed by the great fire in December, 1835. The old church in the Fort, after the possession of the British, became the property of the government and took the name of King's Chapel, and continued to be used for worship by the chaplains of the garrison until 1741, when it was destroyed by fire. 26 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. The third church, erected in 1764, was the Middle Dutch Church in Nassau Street, recently used as a City P6st Office. The fourth church erected was the North Dutch Church in Fulton Street, corner William Street, now being de- molished and the site converted into store-houses. Thus all those old land- marks are fast disappearing, to be remembered only as matters of history. NEW YORK AFTER THE PEACE OF 1783. The British army evacuated New York November 25th, 1783, and the Ameri- can troops under General Knox took possession of the city. Soon after General Washington and Gov. George Clinton, with their suite, made their public entry into the city on horseback, followed by the Lieut. -Governor and the membera of council, for the temporary government of the Southern district, four abreast ; Gen. Knox and the officers of the army, eight abreast ; the Speaker of the As- sembly and citizens on foot, eight abreast. The Governor gave a public dinner, at which the commander-in-chief and other general officers were present. The arrangements of the whole business were so well made and executed that the most admirable tranquility succeeded through the day and night. On Monday following the Governor gave an elegant entertainment to the French ambassa- dor, the Chevalier de la Luzerne, General Washington, the principal officers of New York State and of the army, and upwards of a hundred gentlemen were present. Magnificent fireworks, infinitely exceeding everything of the kind be- fore seen in the United States, were exhibited at the Bowling Green in Broadway on the evening of Tuesday, in celebration of the definitive Treaty of Peace. In 1783 the compact part of the city extended to Chambers street on the north and to Catherine street on the east. Fort George stood on the north end of the Battery, and barracks for soldiers on the South end. The upper barracks were in the Park, on Chambers street. The prison, new prison, and house of correc- tion were in the Park, the latter where now stands the City Hall. The fresh- water pond on Centre street was in part surrounded by hills. The hospital building stood near Broadway and Duane street. A line of fortifications ex- tended from the high grounds on the east part of the city to Bunker Hill, near Grand street, between the Bowery and Broadway, and westward across Broad- way to another eminence ; fortifications were also erected further west of Broad- way, near the river, on a line with Fourteenth street. All beyond was cleared fields. LANDMARKS OF THE DAYS OF THE REVOLUTION. The Waskington House, No. 1 Broadway, opposite Bowling Green, is one of the best preserved buildings of Revolutionary days. It is now used as a public house, with a restaurant attached. Here, for a time, during the Revolutionary Washington's head-quartees — sugak-house pkison. 2T War, it was occupied by British officers, and afterwards by General Washington and his staff. It was built about the middle of the 18th century, and for many years occupied by families of distinction. Washington's Head-Quarters. This venerable building stands on the southeast corner of Broad and Pearl Streets, formerly known as No. 3 Dock Street. It is in tolerably good preser- vation, and is now kept by William Stiibner as a boarding-house, with a bar attached. The particulars of an interesting event is copied from an old engraving which still adorns its walls, with words as follows : Washington taking Leave op the Officers of His Army, At Francis's Tavern (Dock Street), New York, Dec. 4th, 1783. Present, Gen- erals Knox and Steuben, Gov. George Clinton, Alexander Hamilton and others. "With a heart of love and gratitude I now take leave of you; I most de- voutly wish that your latter days may be as prosperous and happy as your for- mer ones have been glorious and honorable." — Extract from Washington's Ad- dress. The Old Sugar-House in Liberty Street. This relic of the days of the Revolution stands as a monument to the victims of the Sugan'-House Prison, and the Old Dutch Churc\ in Nassau street, recently used as a Post Office, was once used as a dungeon for the soldiers of the American Army. " It was known as the Middle Dutch Church, and was built by the Knicker- bockers. Its pews were torn out and used as fuel, a floor was laid from one gallery to the other, thus dividing the building into two stories, and here three thousand prisoners we-re incarcerated. Poor men, here they were allowed neither fuel nor bedding, and their food was wretched and scanty. The weather was cold, and many died from cold and starvation. It is said even that their inhuman keepers poisoned many of them, in order to be rid of them and to possess themselves of their silver shoe and knee-buckles and watches. This prison-house was bad enough, but worse still was Rhinelander's Sugar-House, that stood in Liberty Street. It was a gray stone building five stories in height, very low between the ceilings, with very thick walls and small deep windows. This was, perhaps, the gloomiest of the improvised dungeons in the city. Each story was divided into two compartments. The low ceilings and small windows made the ventilation very poor above-stairs, and the cellar, which was likewise used as a dungeon, was more miserable yet. The building was surrounded by a board fence nine feet high. Two British or Hessian soldiers paced on constant watch about it night and day. In this wretched place thousands of our soldiers were incarcerated. They were huddled in so close that they coUld scarcely lie down. They were left for months without fire or blankets, or change of cloth- ing. Their food was sea-biscuit, mouldy and full of worms, and raw pork." 28 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. St. Paul's Church or Ohapel, Standing on Broadway, between Fulton and Vesey streets, is another vener- able edifice, which escaped the Great Fire of 1776. It was built in 1766, and is surrounded by an ancient burying-ground. The remains of Gen. Kichard Montgomery, of Revolutionary fame, who was killed in the attack on Quebec, December 31, 1775, lie interred in St. Paul's Churchyard. He was a native of Ireland, born Dec. 2, 1736, being 39 years old at the time of his premature death. In 1818 the State of New York caused his remains to be removed from Quebec, where first interred, and placed be- neath the monument erected to his memory in the City of New York. Here also lie the remains of Thomas Addis Emmet, born at Cork, Ireland, 24th April, 1764; died in New York, 14th Nov., 1827, aged 64 years. His tomb and monument are situated in the southeast part of the inclosure, at the corner of Broadway and Fulton Street. The Walton House. This ancient house is still standing — although in a dilapidated state — in Franklin Square, and is known as No. 326 Pearl street (formerly called Queen street). This building was erected in 1752 by Mr. William Walton, the des- cendent of a long line of ancestors, who were celebrated as *' Merchant Princes." At the time of the Revolution, and for many years afterwards, it was the re- sort of the aristocratic citizens of New York. It is now a most interesting relic of olden times. An inscription, {The Old Walton House,) coarsely painted in dingy white on its faded red walls, arrests the eye of the passing stranger. The First Official Journal Published in the United States. The'paper was called The Gazette of the United States, and the first number was published in the then village of New York, when Congress assembled here in April 1789. It contains the proceedings of the first Congress, and gives an account of General Washington's reception, saying that " he was wafted across the bay from New Jersey in a flat barge by thirteen pilots dressed in white uniforms." There is also an account of the counting of the first electoral vote, of which Washington received only C9 out of a total of 138 votes, and a report of the inauguration exercises, which were postponed one day, because "it was an unfavorable season of the year for journeying." The whole volume contains 404 pages, with very few advertisements. The prospectus contains an an- nouncement that "by an arrangement made with the stages, subscribers at a distance will be furnished with The Gazette.'' A complete set of The Gazette of the United States is in the State Historical Society's Library at Albany. WALL STREET. The whole record, either ancient or modern, of this famous mart of money and power would take volumes to describe. *' Mr. Gerard alone can do justice to its story in the old Dutch past, when it was * De Cuigel ' of te Stadt Waalj or WALL STREET REMINISCENCES OF OLD NEW YORK. 29 the walk at the city wall. But still, for the curiosity of the thing, we insert a list of the inhabitants of De Cuigel in 1665, names which the most diligent censug taker will probably not be able to find in or out of * the Street ' now-a-days. Here they are as somewhere given : Jan Jansen Van Langendyck, Jan Tennitzen Molensaan, John Videl, Abraham Kermer, Gridtje Schoonteenmergers, Jacob Jansen, Dirck de Wolspinder, Barent Ergbertzen, Dirck Van Clyff, Pieter Jan- sen. The latter name, however, has lived through the generations, and within memory of those of the present time." The principal event which settled the character of Wall Street as the center of interest in the city, and which brought about it the leading men of business and professional life, was the erection of the old City Hall, opposite Broad Street, in 1700, which building became afterward the Capitol of the United States, and the site of which is still used for public purposes, thus perpetuating the influence of the original selection of that site down to the present day. The City Hall remained in use for the objects for which it was erected about a cen- tury. After the Revolutionary War this building received additional historic in- terest as the first place of meeting of the Congress of 1789, and the inauguration of George Washington as President The financial, or modern history of Wall Street, commenced soon after the Peace of 1783. The Bank of New York was the first banking institution estab- lished in this City, commencing operations in 1784, although not chartered until 1791, the banking-house being located on the corner of Wall and William streets. It was followed by the Manhattan Company, incorporated in 1799, located at No. 23 Wall street ; by the Merchants' Bank, incorporated in 1805, located at 25 Wall Street ; by the United States Bank, located at 38 Wall Street, about 1805 ; by the Mechanics' Bank, incorporated in 1810, located at 16 Wall Street. These were the pioneer banking institutions, which were soon after rapidly in- creased in number. Insurance companies were in existence in this city still earlier than banks. " We believe," says Valentine, " the first institution of the kind after the Revo- lutionary War was called the Mutual Assurance Company. We find that in 1815 there were already thirteen insurance companies established in Wall Street." REMINISCENCES OF NEW YORK IN 1790. By the Oldest Lawyer Living. Hon. Elbert Herring, now in his ninety-eighth year, is still living in the city of New York. He was born on the 8th of July, 1777, at Stratford, Conn., and removed to New York when seven years of age. He says, on being inter- viewed: "I can remember New York when it scarcely extended above Ann street. It was a very difierent place then." The embryo Metropolis of 1790 30 NEW YOEK AS IT WAS. he described as follows : " Above Ann street it was all country, only here and there a house. The wealthy inhabitants lived mostly below Wall street ; others in Garden street and Rector street. The old Bridewell and Jail stood where now the City Hall Park is. James Duane is the oldest Mayor I can re- member." The population at that time was 33,131. " The only theatre was in 'John street. The richest man at that time was Mr. Desbrosses. He had that reputation." Mr. Herring was educated at Princeton College ; admitted to the bar in December, 1799 ; and elected a Judge of the Marine Court in 1805. " Jja. early times," he remarked, " there was more morality, no doubt. At that time we had scarcely any foreigners ; we were all Yankees or Knickerbockers here in New York, and we were a very honest people. There was very little cheat- ing. Everybody who could afford it used to dress in broadcloth, very few in homespun garments." He remembered distinctly the first steamboat that ever went to Albany in 1807. This remarkable living man attributed his old age to his moderation in all things, to his careful avoidance of excess in anything, and finally to the "Divine blessing." In 1830, forty years after the above statement refers to, the built portion of the city extended to Canal street on the West side, and to about Fourth street on the East side, parallel to the Bowery, near where stood Vauxhall Garden. Fourth avenue was then being opened and a hill leveled which stood on the east side of Union Square. About this period a series of street views was published by George M. Bourne, drawn and engraved by James Smillie and others, showing the then appearance of streets and public buildings. DESCRIPTION OF NEW YORK IN 1800. Copied from a series of historical articles relating to the City, being published in the New Yark Express in 1841 : " The fashionable part of the city," or West end of the town, '* was in Wall and Pine streets, between Broadway and Pearl, — Pearl from Hanover square, (now part of Old slip) to John street, along State street and a part of Broadway, below Wall. Then the City Hall was not built, and on the site where it now stands was the rear of the Almshouse — the " hog-pen " of which inclosed the ground now the most beautiful part of the Park. The change is truly astonish- ing. In Wall street, for example, there now is but one family residing in the whole street, and that is over a bank. Hardly an old building remains, and not one that is not so altered as to be totally different from what it was then. At the corner of Nassau street, stood the venerable Federal Hall, since torn down — a splendid row of dwellings was afterwards put up, which were subsequently torn down to give place to the new Custom House, now building.* Next below stood the elegant mansion of Mr. Verplanck, the brick of which were brought from Holland, and in its stead is the Bank of the State of New York. Next * United States Sub-Treasury Building. NEW YOKK IN 1800 — BROADWAY. 31 -w^as the residence of John Keese, now the Union Bank, less changed than any other building. This, however, on the first of May, is to be leveled with the ground and a new banking house to be put up. Between it and William street were the residences of Francis B. Winthrop and Charles Wilkes — in the place of which are the Dry Dock Bank and Bank of America. On the lot where the United States Bank now stands was the elegant mansion of Gen. John Lamb, first Collector of the Port and father of Alderman Lamb. This was considered not only the finest house, but was believed to be the grandest house that could be built. On the opposite side, where is now going up the massive new Mer- chants' Exchange, stood the residences of Thomas Buchanan, Mrs. White, and William C. Leffingwell. Mr, Jauncey, an English gentleman who lived in great style, occupied the building now rented by Messrs. Dykers & Alstyne — his stable is the same now used by the Board of Brokers. The very room in which mil- lions of stock are sold every week was then a hay-loft. *' The watch-house was kept at the corner of Broad street, now used by Rob- inson for the sale of his caricatures. Baker's tavern, one of the most noted public houses, was at the corner of New street — a club met there nightly for more than half a century. Pine street has undergone still greater changes ; from Water street to Broadway, every house has been demolished. Then not a store was to be seen. The old French church, the sanctuary of the Huguenots, stood at the corner of Nassau ; its surrounding burying-yard contained the ashes of many of the most valued citizens. The Walcotts, Jays, Waddingtons, Radcliffs, Brinkerhoffs, Wells, and a host of others, resided in this street, with- out a thought that in less than forty, and even thirty years, not one brick then standing would remain on another. In Pearl street were the fashionable resi- dences of Samuel Denton, John Ellis, John J. Glover, John Mowett, Robert Lenox, Thomas Cudle, John Glendenning, John B. Murray, Governor Broome, Andrew Ogden, Governor George. Clinton, Richard Varick, and a great number of others. Nearly all of these gentlemen are deceased. In Hanover square stood a block of buildings fronting Old slip and Pearl street. They have been all removed. The city in 1800 consisted of seven wards, now (1841) increased to seventeen." Population, 60,489. BROADWAY. This celebrated and fashionable thoroughfare has for upwards of two hundred years been the just pride of the City of New York. The ancient " Broad Way," as known to the early Dutch and English settlers, extending from the Bowling Green to the " Common," where now stands the City Hall. It was then, and for upwards of one hundred and fifty years, occupied as private dwellings, by the richest and most aristocratic residents. About one hundred years ago the street was opened through what was then known as the King's Farm, and the exten- sion beyond Chambers street was called Gi^eat George street^ extending north to Broome street, then fields again intervened. The two early thoroughfares to the north part of the island was the road to Greenwich and the " Bowery Lane," or High Road to Boston. It was not until about 1835, forty years since, that the lower part of Broadway, below Wall street, was converted into stores. Then the business portion of the street extended to Canal street, above there were scat- 32 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. tering private residences to about Eighth street, with country residences be- yond. For thirty years past Broadway has been rapidly extending northward, and lined with palatial public edifices, and magnificent places of business, while from time to time the old dwellings of former years have been demolished, as proceeded the march of improvement. Broadway of to-day extends for a distance of about five miles from the Bat- tery on the south, to Central Park on the north. The prominent edifices are Trinity Church; the Equitable Life Insurance Building ; the New York Mutual Life Insurance Co.'s Building ; the Western Union Telegraph Company's Build- ing; the Evening Post building; the Park Bank Building; the Herald Building; St. Paul's Church, an old edifice; Astor House, New Post Office Building; standing on the south end of the City Hall Park ; the City Hall, and Court House Buildings, facing on Chambers street; Alex. T.Stewart's wholesale dry goods store ; the New York Life Insurance Building ; St. Nicholas Hotel; Metropoli- tan Hotel; Grand Central Hotel; New York Hotel; Alex. T. Stewart's retail store; Grace Church; the Methodist Publishing and Missionary Building; and the Domestic Sewing Machine Company's Building, facing Union Square. Above Fourteenth street the grandeur of the street is maintained, being lined with modern built edifices, among which are conspicuous : Tiffany & Com- pany's Building ; Arnold, Constable & Co's Building; Lord & Taylor's Building; Fifth Avenue Hotel, facing Madison Square ; Grand Hotel and many other fine edifices. The lower part of Broadway from Wall street to Union Square presents the moat stirring part of the city, being during the day filled with pedestrians, om- nibusses, and vehicles of almost every description. Around and above Union Square is where the gay and fashionable congregate and promenade during pleasant weather. " Here you may see the gayest of the gay, Their costly costumes with pride display." Banks of the State of New York, &c., 1805. [Copied from LongwortK' s Directory. ] Bank of the United States, Philadelphia, Thomas Willing, President ; George Simpson, Cashier. New York Branch, Cornelius Ray, President ; Jonathan Burrall, Cashier. Bank op New York, Matthew Clarkson, Treasurer; Charles Wilkes, Cashier. Manhattan Company, Daniel Ludlow, President ; Henry Remsen, Cashier. Merchants' Bank, Joshua Sands, President ; Lynde Catlin, Cashier. New York State Bank, Albany, John Taylor, President. Farmers' Bank op Lansingburgh, John D. Dickinson, President ; Hugh Peebles, Cashier. TRINITY CHUKCH. 33 TRINITY CHURCH. [Copied from the New York Evening Post.] " There is one feature in the history of Trinity Church which is different from that of any other church in this city. It has been thrice built on the same spot, while other places of worship have been removed with the changes of popula- tion. St. Paurs is the only old church which retains its original site, while the old Dutch structures have disappeared one by one, the last being used as a Post Office and the other as a Mission, the society having moved up town. " The first Trinity was built in 1696, under the direction of Governor Fletcher, in order to afford means of worship to the English families. The latter had been arriving in large number since the close of the Dutch domination, and it was necessary to furnish them a religious home. The plot was granted by the Crown, on condition that burials should be afforded at one shilling and sixpence for each grave, and it became at once the graveyard of the English colonists. The first church fronted the west, and its tower overlooked the expanse of the Hudson, whose beach was what is now Greenwich street. The building resembled the Gothic order, and its appearance is preserved in an old drawing which showed that it had some pretensions to merit of style. It stood eighty years, all of which were times of much trouble. First, Indian warfare, then difficulties with adjacent colonies, the negro plot, the French and Indian war, and lastly, the revolution, during which it was destroyed. It was the church of the Governor and royal dignitaries, and it is possible that Washington, when a guest of Beverly Robinson, in 1756, may have been one of its congregation. Twenty years later it witnessed the mustering of the Continental army, with Washington at the head, and also the return of the routed forces from the bloody field of Long Island. Then followed the hurried retreat of the American troops, which had scarcely been accomplished when the great fire in 1776 broke out. It was the largest fire which America had ever witnessed up to that time, and its course of destruction included the old church. During the war religion was little thought of, and as St. Paul's was open, all who desired could attend service there. When Washington returned in triumph he saw the ruins of the church, and they still encumbered the ground at the time of his inauguration. With returning prosperity the rebuilding of the church was discussed by such men as Jay, Duane, etc., and in 1788 a new Trinity was built and re-dedicated. This building is remembered by many of our old citizens. One of the most important of the incidents connected with its history is the funeral of General Hamilton, when Gouverneur Morris delivered the eulogy from a stage erected before the porch. " The second Trinity was not so well built as its predecessor, for before it had stood half so long it was pronounced unsafe, and was demolished to prevent its fall. For five years the work of reconstruction was carried on, under the care of the distinguished architect, Richard Upjohn, who saw it completed in 1845. Mr. Upjohn has lived to superintend the construction of the new Trinity school-house, in the rear of the church, which is just finished. Trinity Church has for thirty years enjoyed pre-eminence in the ecclesiastical structures of the city, but the Roman Catholic Cathedral, when finished, will take precedence. Its spire is the chief landmark in a distant view of the city, and its cemetery is the spot of greatest historical interest in this neighborhood. Although burials there are forbidden by law, yet this prohibition does not reach the owners of vaults, and at least a half-dozen burials take place in this manner every year. 34 NEW YOEK AS IT WAS. Speaking of the burial-places suggests that the body of Daniel D. Tompkins rests beneath the shadow of St. Mark's Church, and that President Monroe was also buried in the same place. The body of the latter was claimed by the State of Virginia, in 1858, and was transported to Richmond under care of a guard of honor. This leaves Trinity Cemetery unequaled in this city as the resting- place of the illustrious dead.* " The uncertainties of the future are illustrated in a monument bearing the following inscription : " In memory of Scriba— 1796. " This name has long since disappeared from our city population, but Colonel Scriba was militia commander of some note, and had his regiment out at the reception of Washington when the latter came as the President elect. It is probable that the intention was to have the full name inserted after death, but this was neglected, and thus the monument is left perpetually defective. There are some very quaint epitaphs in Trinity burial-ground. How different, for in- stance, is the following stanza, dated 1747, from the Greenwood style : '"They Fled from sciens of Mortal guilt Without Par Taking of the same They left their bodies Sleeping here Till Christ do come the Second time.' " Another reads thus : ' Here Lyes Interred ye Body of Benjamin Thomas, Who Departed this lief Augt ye 1st 1744 as you ayer no So once Was I In helth and Strength thoe here I lye & as I am now so you must be Prepare for Death & follow me.' "Among other noticeable monuments is that one which commemorates William Bradford, the first printer that came to this city. This, however, is a copy, the original being in the rooms of the Historical Society. The epitaph is as follows : ' Here lies the Body of Mr. William Bradford, printer, who departed this life May 23, 1752. He was born in Leicestershire, in Old England, in 1660, and came over to America in 1680, before Philadelphia was laid out. He was printer to the government for upwards of fifty years, and being quite worn out with old age and labor, he left this mortal state in the lively hope of a blessed immortality. " ' Reader reflect how soon you'll quit this stage ; You'U.find but few attain to such an age ; Life's full of pain. Lo ! here's a Place of Rest, Prepare lo meet your God, then you are blest.' " When Benjamin Franklin came to this city in search of employment he ap- plied to Bradford for work, but was refused. There was at that time no chance for an additional printer, and Franklin therefore went to Philadelphia, making the journey on foot. Among other historical memorials is the vault of Colonel Marinus Willett, who distinguished himself during the Revolution. Also that of another Revolutionary character, which bears the following inscription : ' Vault built in 1738. James Alexander, and his descendants by his son, William Earl of Sterling, and his daughter.' * The tomb of Peter Stuyvesant, marked by a brown stone slab, is to be seen in St. Mark's Churchyard, with, the following inscription : Petkr Stittyesant, Late Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief, of Amsterdam, In New Netherlands, (now called New York,) And the Dutch West India Islands. Died la A. D. 16r>i— Aged 80 years. TRINITY CHURCH. 35 " The history of the last mentioned person is in some points very remarkable. He was the only officer in the Continental army (except those of foreign birth) who bore a title — a fact which may thus be explained. William Alexander was born in this city, but he inherited a claim to an earldom and visited Scotland to contest it. He was unsuccessful, having spent a large part of his fortune in this vain attempt. When the Revolution began he entered the American service, and as an act of courtesy was called Lord Sterling, after the lost earldom. He had a command at Long Island, where he was taken prisoner, but was exchanged and resumed service. He was a devoted admirer of Washington, to whom he disclosed that cabal which disgraced the name of Conway. Lord Sterling was one of the oldest of the American officers, being Washington's senior by eleven years. He died in Albany in 1783, aged fifty-seven, and his body was brought to this city and deposited in the ancestral vault. The body of Robert Fulton, the originator of the first successful steamboat, was placed in the Livingston vault. It is to be noted that Fulton's death was caused by rowing across the Hudson River, where fifty steam ferryboats now ply. In 1815 Fulton, who had been attending an important lawsuit in New Jersey, desired to recross the river. He could not wait for the slow ferryboat, and therefore undertook to row. The distance is a mile, and he became overheated, took cold and fell into a rapid decline, which closed his career. On the south side of the inclosure stands the memorial of the great federalist whose tragic death adds a special interest even to the chronicles of genius. The inscription is as follows : To the memory of* Alexander Hamilton, The corporation of Trinity Church has erected Thia Monument In testimony of their respect For The Patriot of incorruptible integrity The soldier of approved valor The statesman of consummate wisdom Whose talents and virtues will be admired By Grateful posterity Long after this marble shall have mouldered into Dust He died July 12, 1804, aged 47." ** Hamilton's oldest son, Philip, had been buried in the plot a little more than ten years before his own death, both being victims of duelling. Mrs. Hamilton, after a half century of widowhood, was also buried here in 1854, having reached the unusual age of ninety-seven. The monument to Captain James Lawrence, of the Chesapeake, occupies a prominent position near the entrance. The cannon which surround the sarcophagus are trophies captured from the British during the war in which Lawrence fell. Lawrence was a native of Burlington, New Jersey. He died in his thirty-second year, and the rapid pro- motion which gave him command of a first-class ship shows the confidence reposed in his ability as well as the courage which he had displayed. Lieutenant Ludlow, who fell at the same time with his commander, was only twenty-one. The epitaphs on these fallen heroes are among the finest specimens in existence of thla most difficult style of composition. On the reverse side is inscribed : *' Julia Montauvert, widow of Captain James Lawrence, born July 15, 1788. Died September 15, 1865." The Montauverts were an old New York family, and this unfortunate woman became a widow at twenty-five years of age, and rema;ned in that condition until her death, a period of fifty-two years. 36 NEW YOKK AS IT WAS. In Trinity Churchyard, about forty feet southwesterly from the south side of the church, is a plain brown stone slab, on which are inscribed the words: "The vault of Walter and Robert C. Livingston, sons of Robert Livingston, of the Manor of Livingston." Within that vault repose the remains of Robert Fulton. He was born in 1765, in the town of Little Briton, in Pennsylvania^ in the same neighborhood in which Benjamin West was born. He died in the City of New York, Feb. 24, 1815, aged 50 years. " Among other leading men whose names are recorded here is Albert Gallatin. His tomb is in the rear of the church, and bears an elaborate epitaph. Mr. Gallatin was a native of Switzerland, and few of our adopted citizens have exercised greater influence in American aflfairs. He was the only man of foreign birth who attained a seat in the Cabinet, having served as Secretary of the Treasury during three presidential terms. As a financier he was preeminent. Mr. Gallatin died in 1849, aged eighty-eight years. " The first rector of Trinity Church was the Rev. William Vesey, and the salary allowed him was £100 ($500) a year, with a house. The sexton's fees were three shillings for ringing the bell at a funeral, six shillings for digging a grave and covering it, and three and sixpence for opening the church for marriages. Strangers were charged double. Vesey conducted the services for many years,, and was succeeded by the Rev. Henry Barclay. Both of these names are attached to streets laid out through the original farm. After these came Auch- muty, Inglis, Provost, Moore, Hobart, Barrian and Dix, the latter being the pre- sent rector. After the Revolution the salary was,fixed at £700, but at present it is $12,000, with a costly and elegant rectory. I'he increase in the income of the church is now very rapid. In 1847 it was $58,000, but a late report of the Comptroller of the Corporation gives the amount as $500,000. The present structure was consecrated May 25, 1846, and its entire cost was $358,629. A curious privilege of former days was that of burial in the chancel, which was obtained by the payment of a heavy fee. It cost £5 to bury the body of an adult in this sacred precinct ; children above ten years of age were charged half price, while all under ten were allowed admittance at five shillings. This was a relic of the old superstition concerning the sanctity of certain spots and the benefit conferred on the soul by such a disposal of the body." Trinity Parish now consists of seven churches, as follows : 1. Trinity Church, Broadway, head of Wall street. 2. St. PauVs Chapel, (built in 1766,) Broadway, bet. Fulton and Vesey streets. 3. St. John's Chapel, (built in 1807,) Varick street. 4. Trinity CMpel, 25th street, near Broadway. 5. St. Chrysostom's Chapel, 7th avenue, cor. 39th Street. 6. -S'^. Augustine's Chapel, 262 Bowery. 7. St. Cornelius' Chapel, Governor's Island, New York Harbor. Charities, &c. There are numerous Charitable Institutions attached to the Parish at large, and not connected with any particular church therein. THE FIRST STEAMBOAT MAYORS, 37 THE FIRST STEAMBOATS ON THE HUDSON. The first steamboat built by Robert Fulton was the " Clermont," or " North Tliver," 160 tons burden. This steamer was launched in the Spring of 1807, and finished in August following. In September the vessel made her first trip to and from Albany, 145 miles. She went to Albany in thirty-two hours and returned in thirty. " The inhabitants near the shores along the river were lost in wonder r.nd regarded her as a phenomenon beyond their comprehension." The building of the steamer " Raritan," to be employed on the Raritan River, New Jersey, and the " Car of Neptune," of 295 tons, to be employed on the Hudson, followed. In 1811, the " Paragon, " of 331 tons, was built. In 1812, the "Fire Fly," of 118 tons, and the " Richmond," of 370 tons, to be also em- ployed on the Hudson. In 1813, the "Fulton," of 327 tons, to run on Long Island Sound. In 1818, the " Olive Branch," to be employed between New York and New Brunswick, N. J., and the " Chancellor Livingston," of 526 tons, to be employed on the Hudson. These vessels were all built in the Port of New York. The " Olive Branch " and ** Chancellor Livingston " were built after Mr. Pulton's death, which occurred in the City of New York February 24, 1815. MAYORS OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK— During the Past 100 Years. Tears. Whitehead Hicks. 1766-76 David Matthews (Revolutionary War) 1776-83 James Duane _ 1784-89 Richard Varick 1789-1801 Edward Livingston 1801-1803 DeWitt Clinton, 1803-07, 1808-10, 1811-15 Marinus Willett 1807-08 Jacob Radcliff 1810-11, 1815-18 John Furguson, March to June.. .1815 Cadwallader D. Colden 1818-21 •Stephen Allen 1821-23 William Paulding.. ..1823-25, 1826-29 Phillip Hone 1825-26 Walter Bowne 1829-33 Gideon Lee 1833-34 Cor. W. Lawrence* 1834-37 Aaron Clark 1837-39 Years. Isaac L. Varian 1839-41 Robert H.Morris .1841-44 James Harper 1844-45 Wm. F. Havemeyer.. 1845-46, 1848-49 Andrew H. Mickle 1846^7 William V. Brady 1847.48 Caleb S. WoodhulL 1849-50 Ambrose C. Kingsland... 1851-52 Jacob A. Westervelt 1853-54 Fernando Wood 1855-58, 1860-61 Daniel N. Tiemann 1858-59 George Opdyke 1862.63 C. Godfrey Gunther. 1864-65 John T. Hoffman 1866-68 Thomas Coman (Pres. Board of Aldermen) .1868 A. Oakey Hall 1869-70 Wm. F. Havemeyer 1871-74 Wm. H. Wickham. 1875-76 * The first Mayor elected by the people of the City. 38 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. CENSUS RETURNS FOR 200 YEARS. A Table op the Population op the City op New York, op the State op New York and op the United States at Dipperent Periods. Tears. City. State. TJnited States. 1673 2,500 1703*. 20,067 1831* 8,628 50,824 1746* 61,589 1756*. 10,881... 96,790 Est 1,250,000 1771* 21,876 163,3371.... " 2,500,()00 1786* 23,614 ._ 280,000 " 3,250,000 1790-lst U. S. Census. . _ 33,131 340,120 3,929,827 1800.2dU. S. Census... 60,489 588,603 5,305,925 1805. 75,770.- 1810.3d U. S. Census.. - 96,373 961,888 7,239,814 1815* 100,619 1,035,910 1820.4thU.S. Census. -- 123,706. ..1,372,812. 9,638,131 1825*. 166,809. ..1,614,456. 1830.5thU.S. Census-. - 202,589. .1,913,131 12,866>,92(> 1835* - 270,068. ...2,174,517. 1840.6th U. S. Census... 312,852.. 2,428,921. 17,062,566; 1845* 371,223 2,604,495.... 1850.7tli U. S. Census- - . 515,394 3,097,394. 23,191,876 1855* 629,810 3,466,212. 1860.8th U. S. Census. . . 814,254 3,880,735 31,443,321 1865* 726,386 .3,831,777 1870.9th U. S. Census-.- 942,292 4,382,759^ 38,555,88a 1875* 1,064,272. 4,705,208 NOTE.— The relative proportion of the population of the City to that of the whole State has generally been from one-eighth to one-tenth ; and. the State of New York has borne about the same relative proportion also to the whole United States. Of late years the City has been increasing in population faster than the State. The steady growth of the City of New York in population, commerce and wealth for the past two hundred years, has placed this favored Metropolis at the head of all the cities of America, while rivaling most of the cities of the civilized world, London and Paris alone exceeding it in several particulars. Including its immediate suburbs, it may be ranked as the second city on the globe. RICH MEN OF NEW YORK FIFTY YEARS SINCE. Copied prom Valentine's Manual, 1864. Giving the Names of all who were taxed on Personal Estate of $20,000 and over. Name. Assessment, Name. Assessment, 1820. Astor, John Jacob (?) $10,000 Bailey, Benjamin 25,000 Adams, John. $ 25,000 Anthony, Widow. 25,000 Aspinwall, John M 400,000 j Bates', Frederick G 50,000 ♦State census. tOf whom 19,863 were blacks. XOl whom 52,081 were colored. BICH MEN FIFTY YEARS SINCE. 39 Name. Assessment, 1820. Bayard, Robert $30,000 Bayard, William 70,000 Beekman, Henry 20,000 Beekman, Stephen D 25,000 Bethune, Divie 30,000 Blackwell , Joseph 20,000 Boardman, Daniel. . . 50,000 Bogart, James 40,000 Boggs, James 20,000 Botton, Curtis 55,000 Boorman, James 20,000 Brinckerhoflf, Abraham 60,000 Bronson, Isaac 50,000 Brown, Robert 20,000 Buchanan, George 20,000 Buchanan, Mrs. Thomas 20,000 Buck, Gordon 20,000 Byers, James 20,000 Byrnes, Thos. L 30,000 Cairns, William 30,000 Carow, Isaac 20,000 Chauncey, Commodore 30,000 Clark, John 25,000 Clarkson, Thos. L 20,000 Clendening, John 100,000 Coles, Benj. A 20,000 Colvill, John 25,000 Coster, Henry A. (Estate of). 500,000 Coster, John G 300,000 Dash, John B 25,000 De Forest, Benj 20,000 DeRham, H. C 50,000 De Wolf, James 15,000 Douglas, Mrs. M 100,000 DuBois, Cornelius 25,000 Dunham, David 50,000 Duyckinck, Evert. 15,000 Eckf ord, Henry 50,000 Edgar, William 140,000 Edgar, Wm.N 30,000 Ellison, Thomas 30,000 Flock, John. 25,000 Foster, Andrew 20,000 Gantley, Daniel 20,000 Gardner, J. (Executor) 40,000 Gebhard, Frederick 30,000 Gelston, David 40,000 Giraud, Jacob P 20,000 Goelet, Peter P 60,000 Grade, Archibald 20,000 Name. Assessment, Griswold, George .„ $22,000 Hadden, David 20,000 Haggerty, John 25,000 Haight, B. «& H 20,000 Harmony, Peter _ 55,000 Harrison, Richard 30, 000 Hart, Peter G 30,000 Hazard, Thomas 20,000 Heevey, Cornelius _ 20,000 Hendricks, Herman 80,000 Heyer, Isaac 20,000 Hicks, Samuel 50,000 Hone, John_ 60,000 Hone, Philip 60,000 Howard, William 35,000 Howland, G. G. 20,000 Howland, John H 25,000 Hoyt, Gould. 20,000 Hubbard, David G 20.000 Jauncey, William 120,000 Jenkins, Widow 20,000 Jones, Isaac 20,000 Jones, Joshua 60,000 Jones, Margaret 20,000 Kissam, Michael S 1 5,000 Lambert, David R 20,000 Larue, Lewis 25,000 Laverty, Henry 20,000 Lawrence, A. H 30,000 Lawrence, Richard R 25,000 Lawrence, William 50,000 Leake, John G 50,000 Leggett, Samuel 50,000 Lenox Robert - . . 160,000 Leroy, Herman 80,000 LeRoy, Robert 40,000 Levy, Jacob 20,000 Little, Jonathan 25,000 Livingston, Brockholst 30,000 Livingston, Robert L 30,000 Lorillard, Jacob 60,000 Low, Nicholas 20,000 Ludlow, Gulian 20,000 Lutson, Arthur. 20,000 McAdam, Ann 20,000 McCormick, Daniel 25,000 McFarland 30,000 Moore, B 50,000 I Mowatt, John J 40,000 ! Nichols, Edward H 40,000 4:0 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. Name. Assessment, 1820. Nixon, Thomas $20,000 Ogden, Jonathau 20,000 Oothout, Catharine 25,000 Oothout, Mrs. -.. 25,000 O vering, Henry 70,000 Pierson, Isaac 20,000 Post, Gerardus 20,000 Post, William... 25,000 Prime, Nathaniel 75,000 Rankin, Henry 25,000 Ray, Cornelius 60,000 Remsen, Daniel 25,000 Remsen, Peter 50,000 Rhinelander, William 80,000 Robbins, John 30,000 Rogers, Benj. W 25,000 Rogers, Henry 30,000 Rogers, Moses. 60,000 Rogers, Nehemiah 20,000 Roosevelt, James 20,000 Salles, Lawrence 50,000 Sanf ord, Nathaniel 40,000 Schermerhorn, John S 25,000 Schermerhorn, Peter 50,000 Shepherd, Allen 28,000 Sherred, Jacob _ _ 30,000 Shot well, Joseph 20,000 Smith, Edmund 50,000 Smith, Gamaliel 20,000 Total Assessed Valuation of property (1820), $69,530,753 ; total City and State Tax, $339,891.94. Note. — For the purpose of illustrating the great change that has taken place in regard to individual wealth, during the past fifty years, we quote the above List of Rich Men of 1820, residing in the City of New York, most of whom are remembered by many persons now living. Accumulated wealth is now counted by the millions instead of the tens and hundred thousand as in former days. During the past thirty or forty years the immense wealth, extravagance and cor- ruption in City affairs have rapidly increased. Name. Assessment, 1820. Smith, Jotham $25,000 Smith, Thomas H. Jr 180,000 Stewart, Alex. L 25,000 St. John, Samuel 25,000 Storm, Garret -.. 22,000 Strong, Benj. 28,000 Suffern, Thomas.. 20,000 Swan, Benj. L 30,000 Taylor, John... ' 35,000 Thompson, Francis 50,000 Thompson, G.L 25,000 Thompson, James. 90,000 Thompson, Jeremiah 30,000 Thorne, Stephen 35,000 Tibbets, Mrs.. 60,000 Trumbull, Col. John 25,000 Vandenheuvel, John C 110,000 Van Wyck, Stephen 25,000 Varick, Richard 70,000 Walton, Gerard 60,000 AVard, Samuel 25,000 Watts, John 30,000 White, Eve 20,000 Whitney, Stephen 160,000 Wilkes, Charles 20,000 Wilson, William 35,000 Wright, Isaac 25,000 Youle, George 35,000 FORTY YEARS SINCE ; or, " New York as It Was and as It Is." Having in the year 1833-34, published an original Work, entitled '^ New York As It Is,'^* edited by the late Edwin Williams, and continued the same from year to year, until 1837, we present, in brief, the changes that have occurred in the City of New York during the past foi^ty years ; taking up the subjects as they appeared in the original volumes. * John Distubnell, 155 Broadway. HAELEM RAILROAD MANHATTAN WATER WORKS. 41 OOMMENCEMENT OF RAILROAD BX7ILDING IN 1834. Harlem Railroad. *''■ The New York and Harlem Railroad Company was incorporated in 1831, with a capital of $350,000, for the purpose of constructing a railroad from the central part of the City to Harlem. The road is completed from Prince Street to Yorkville, 5 miles ; a single track is laid on granite sleepers, in the best manner, from Prince Street to Union Place, where a double track commences, and which is laid on granite sleepers to Twenty-third, and on wood as far as Eighty-fourth Street, or Yorkville. The road was begun to be used as far as Murray Hill in June, 1833 ; and up to Feb. , 1834, the total number of passengers carried was 89,094. For several months cars drawn by horses have been in operation from Prince Street to Yorkville, and they now run as often as once in each half-hour every day in the week. The fare for each passenger is 12| cents." Stage Lines, 1834. Lines of Sta^es^ during close of navigation, from December to March, ran daily from Cortlandt Street to Albany, on both sides of the Hudson River. SteaTTiboais and Stage Lines also ran to Philadelphia. Office, No. 1 Cortlandt Street. Stages run daily, carrying the United States Mail, to New Haven, Boston, &c. Stages started from Brooklyn Ferry, Fulton Street, every hour, for different parts of Long Island; also, from foot Cortlandt Street, hourly, for different parts of New Jersey. City Stages and Omnibusses ran through Broadway and the Bowery to Four- teenth Street, and to the Dry Dock, East River ; also, to Yorkville, Harlem and Manhattan ville. "Supply of Water, 1834." " The city is destitute of a supply of good and wholesome water, and various plans have been prepared at different times, for obtaining an adequate quantity of an element so essential to the health, convenience and comfort of the citizens. The Bronx and Croton Rivers have been suggested as sources of supply ; also the Passaic at Paterson, New Jersey. The quantity of water required for the sup- ply of the city, is estimated at over four millions of gallons per day, or 20 gal- lons for each person, including manufacturers, stables, i&c." Manhattan Water Works. " In 1779, the Manhattan Company was incorporated, with a view to supply the City with pure and wholesome water. The charter is perpetual, and the capital $3,050,000, the surplus funds being employed in banking. From this law 42 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. originated the ManJmttan Bank. The Company had, by the charter, the control over the streams and springs on New York Island, and the County of Westches- ter, for the above object. Their works were situated in Reade street, a short distance north of the City Hall. The water is raised by two steam engines, from a well in Cross street, elevated 15 feet above Broadway, from whence the water is distributed in iron and wooden pipes to the lower part of the City." Proposed Supply of Water from the Croton and Bronx Rivers,— 1834. " *' Surveys of routes and estimates of the expense of bringing water to the City, from the Croton and Bronx Rivers, have been recently made by order of the corporation. An Act passed the Legislature of the State, May 2, 1834, ♦ to provide for supplying the City of New York with pure and wholesome water,' by which the Governor and Senate are authorized to appoint five citizens, to be called ' Water Commissioners,' who are to examine and consider all matters relating to the subject, cause surveys to be made, and adopt such plans as they may deem most advantageous. Said commissioners selected were, Stephen Allen, Benjamin M. Brown, Charles Dusenberry, Samuel Alley and William W. Fox. If a majority of the electors are found to be in favor of the measure to be reported by the commissioners, the Common Council are author- ized to raise by loan, $2,500,000. The united streams which can be brought to the City in an aqueduct, are estimated to aflord a daily supply of 33 millions of gallons. The total length of the aqueduct which is proposed to be constructed of mason work, will be about 47 miles, and the estimated expense (exclusive of pipes in the City), is from five to six millions of dollars." CHURCHES IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK— 1834. Presbyterian 33 Episcopalian 24 Methodist 19 Baptist 18 Dutch Reformed 15 Roman Catholic. 6 Friends 4 Universalists 3 Jews 3 Lutheran _ 3 Unitarian _ 3 Independent 2 Moravian _ 1 Miscellaneous 3 Total 135 BANKS— 1834. Branch Bank of the United States, chartered April, 1816, to endm^e 20 years. Capital of the parent bank, $35,000,000 ; New York branch employed $2,500,000. There were twenty-one State Banks and three Savings' Banks ; twenty-four Fire Insurance Companies, and eleven Marine Insurance Companies ; also one Life Insurance and Trust Company, incorporated March 9th, 1830, with a capital of $1,000,000. POPULATION — OCEAN STEAMERS, ETC. 43 POPULATION, ETC. The total Population of the City of New York in 1830 was 202,589. In 1833, the total expenses of the City were $933,829.76. The City was then divided into, fifteen Wards — now twenty-four Wards. Assessed value of Real Estate $114,124,566 00- " Personal Property 52,366,976 00 Total Valuation (1833).- $166,491,542 00 The above Statements show the rapid increase of the City of New York dnring the past forti/ years. Then there was no d'oton Water Works or Central Park ; no Locomotives running into tJie City ; no Steamships, Telegraphs or Express. Companies. OCEAN STEAMERS AND RAILROADS. Lines of Steamers Running from New York, 1851-62. The British and North American Royal Mail Steamers — (Cunard Line) commenced running from Liverpool to Boston and New York in 1840, being the first line of European Steamers established. In 1852, the fleet consisted of the Ameinca, Asia, Africa, Arabia, Canada, Can^ria, Europa, Niagara and Persia. The Boston ships only calling at Halifax, N. S. E. CuNARD, Jr., Agent, 38 Broadway. New York and Liverpool U. States Mail Steamers (or Collins Line),, commenced running in 1850. The steamer Atlantic, Capt. West, made the first trip from New York, April 27, 1850. The ships consisted of the Atlantic^ Adriatic, Arctic, Baltic and Pacific*. These ships were built by contract expressly for Government service, every care being taken in their construction, as also in their engines, to ensure strength and speed. E. K. Collins & Co., Agents, 56 Wall Street. New York and Havre Steam Navigation Company. The U. States Mail Steamers, the Franklin and Humboldt, formed the line from New York to Havre' and Southampton, England. Mortimer Livingston, Agent, 53 Broadway. Ocean Steam Navigation Company. — United States Mail Line to Southampton, and Bremen. Steamers Hermann and Washington. MoLLER, Sand & Co. , Agents, 26 South Street. United States Mail Steamship Company, for Havana., New Orleans, King- ston and Chagres, N. G. , connecting with the Pacific Mail Steamers at Panama. M. O. Roberts, 177 West Street. Vanderbilt's New Line of Steajsiships, for California, by the way of Nica- ragua. Ofllce, No. 9 Battery Place, New York. The above six lines of Ocean Steamers, most of them American built, were running from and to New York in 1852. *The Pacific foundered at sea, and the Arctic was sunk in mid ocean, Sept. 27, 1854. 44 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. RAILROADS. Railroads Finished and Running from New York in 1852. New Yokk and Haklem Railroad, incorporated in 1831, was opened to Dover Plains, Dntcliess County, in 1851, and completed to Chatham Four Cor- ners, Columbia County, in the year 1852, 180 miles, connecting with the Albany ■uhd Wed ^^tockhridge Mailroad, forming a througli railroad route from New York to Albany. Capital, $8,000,000; cost of construction, $10,128,765. Hudson River Railroad, chartered in May, 1846; capital, $4,000,000. This road was completed in October, 1851, at a total cost for construction and equip- ment, to October, 1857, of $12,845,757. It started from the depot in Chambers street, in the City of New York, and ran on the east side of the Hudson River, through the counties of Westchester, Putnam, Dutchess, Columbia and Rensse- laer to East Albany, a distance of 144 miles, connecting with the Tray and G-reenbush Railroad, 6 miles in length. Long Island Railroad, chartered in 1834, with a capital of $1,500,000. The first run over the entire line, 96 miles, from Brooklyn, to Greenport, L. I., was made on the 27th July, 1844, and the road was formally opened for public use on the 9th of August, following. A branch road runs from Junction to Hemp- stead, 2^ miles, and another from Hicks ville to Syosset, 4| miles. Total cost of construction, $2,555,986. New York and New Haven Railroad was incorporated in 1844, by the Legislature of Connecticut, and in 1846 by the Legislature of the State of New York. The road proper is 63 miles in length, extending to the City of New York from Williams' Bridge, 14 miles further. At William's Bridge it forms a Junction, New York and Harlem Railroad. The whole distance traversed by the cars is 76 miles, connecting with the Housatoiiic Railroad at Bridgeport, Connecticut. It was finished in 1852, at a cost of $5,483,221, being upwards of $80,000 per mile. New York and Erie Railroad. This important Company was first incor- porated in 1882, with a capital of $10,000,000. It extends from Jersey City, opposite the City of New York, to Dunkirk, situated on Lake Erie, 40 miles south of Buffalo. It is 460 miles in length, with a branch terminus at Piermont, 24 miles north of New York, 18 miles in length. It was finished in May, 1851, at a total cost, to September, 1857, of $39,081,468. It runs through the counties 'Of Rockland, Orange (part of Pennsylvania), Sullivan, Delaware, Broome, Tioga, Chemung, Steuben, Alleghany, Cattaraugus, and Chatauqua to Lake Erie, thus uniting, by one direct route, the Atlantic with the Great Lakes of America. A branch road has since been completed from Hornellsville to Buffalo and Niagara In addition to the above Railroads running from the City of New York in 1852, there were finished and running in New Jersey the Camden and Amboy Railroad, and the New Jersey Railroad, extending to Philadelphia, 90 miles; also, the Morris and Essex Railroad, and the Paterson and Hudson River Railroad. In 1852, X\iQ Central Railroad of Neic Jersey was finished from Jersey City to White House, N. J., 50 miles from New York; since completed to Easton, Penn. The Railroads and branches, now centering in the City of New York (1875), extend to all parts of the Union, connecting with steamers on all the navigable rivers and lakes of the United States and Canada. It was not until the middle of the 19th Century (1850) that Steamships and Railways were fairly inaugurated in the United States-now both systems are nearly complete, involving an immense amount of capital. CHKONOLOGICAL SIvETCH OF IMPORTANT EVENTS. 45 CHRONOLOGICAL SKETCH OF IMPORTANT EVENTS. In the Early History of New York— 1609 to 1784— a Period of 175 Year* 1609. — (Sept. 6.) A boat's crew from Hudson's vessel (then anchored within Sandy Hook) passed through the "Narrows," and discovered Manhat- tan Island. Sept. 11. The "Half Moon," of 80 tons, anchored in what is now the Bay of New York, and afterwards proceeded up the Hudson River to above Albany. 1610. — Hudson's last voyage in search of a Northwest Passage was begun in April of this year, sailing in the bark "Discovery," from England. He passed along the coast of Labrador and discovered the great bay which bears his name, and wintered there. He was, however, cruelly deserted by a mutinous crew, and left to perish with his son John, having never been heard from. 1611. — A vessel dispatched by Amsterdam merchants to Manhattan Island to establish a trading depot. 1613. — The trading post on this island consisted of four houses. 1614. — A fort was erected on the south end of the Island, and further settlements effected. 1621. — The Dutch West India Company chartered. 1624. — Peter Minuit arrived at Manhattan Island as Director. 1626. — The Island of Manhattan, estimated then to contain 22,000 acres, pur- chased from the Indians for $24. 1629. — Charter of privileges to the Colonists granted. 1632. — Director Minuit returned to Holland. WouTER Van Twiller arrived as Director, 1633. — The tirst church erected of wood, in the present Bridge street, the dominie or pastor being the Rev. Everardus Bogardus. 1635. — The first English settlers domiciled in New Amsterdam. 1638. — William Kieft succeeded Van Twiller as Director. 1641. — The first war between the Dutch and Indians commenced. 1642. — A new stone church commenced within the walls of the fort. The first city lots granted to individuals ; before that, all were ' * squatters. '* 1643. — The suburbs of New Amsterdam devastated by the Indians. 1647. — Peter Stuyvesant succeeds Kieft as Director-General. 1648. — Every Monday declared a market day. A wooden wharf completed on the East River on the present line of Moore street. 1652. — A municipal form of government granted to the City. 1653. — Palisades erected along the outskirts of the town (along Wall street) in apprehension of invasion by the English. A City Hall first established at the head of Coenties Slip. The first magistrates (burgomasters and schepens) appointed. 1655. — The city attacked by a band of savages, who were repulsed with loss. 1656, — The city surveyed, and the streets (17 in number) laid down on a map. A Census of the City taken, giving 120 houses and 1,000 inhabitants.. The first houses built in Wall street. 1657. — The ditch through Broad street sided up with boards, First Treasurer of the City appointed (Van Cortland). 1G58. — Several of the streets first paved with stone. A market-house for sale of meat erected on present site of Bowling Green, being the first market-house in the city. 46 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. Fire buckets and hooks and ladders first furnished for the town. Slaves only to be whipped upon application to the burgomasters. The first public well dug in Broadway. 1659.— Brick and tiles imported from Holland. A foreign trade first allowed to merchants of this city. A day of prayer set apart in New Amsterdam on account of the progress of Quaker doctrines. 1660.— Made the duty of Sheriff to go around the city in the night; but hecon;- plains that the dogs attack him; also, that the people occasion frights by halloing "Indian" in the night. 1664.— The City surprised and taken by the English, and the name changed to New York. Col. Richard Nichols, Governor of the Province. The name of Fort Amsterdam changed to Fort James. Population of the City, 1,500. 1665. — Manhattan Island incorporated under the government of a Mayor, Alder- men and Sheriff. Jury trials first established in this City. The City Records kept in both Dutch and English. 1668. — Col. Francis Lovelace succeeds Nichols as Governor. 1669. — The Duke of York sends the 3Iayor and Aldennen civic gowns, a Silve*' Mace and a City Seal. 1673. — The City retaken by the Dutch, and the old order of Municipal Govern- ment re-established. Anthony Colve appointed Governor. 1674. — The City and Province ceded to England by the Dutch, and the name of New York finally restored. Sir Edmund Andros, Governor. 1676. — Persons permitted to cut wood on any part of the Island at the distance of a mile from habitation. The open ditch in Broad street converted into a sewer. 1677. — Seven public wells first erected in the streets of the city, "For the pub- lique good of the cytie." 1678.— An Admiralty Court established. 1682.— Population about 2,000 whites, besides negroes and slaves; number of houses 207, besides barns and sheds. 1683.— Col. Thomas Dongan, Governor. Dongan's charter gi'anted. City divided into six Wards. 1684. — Aldermen and Common Councilmen first chosen by the people. 1685. — Assessors' valuation of property, £75,694. 1686.— Seal of the City, with the inscription " Sigillum Novi Eboraci," pre- sented. 1688.— Wall street laid out thirty-six feet wide. 1691.— Col. Slaughter, Governor. The latter died suddenly the same year, and was succeeded by Major Richard Ingoldsby. A ducking stool (for punishment of criminals) erected on the wharf in front of the City Hall. 1692.— The present Pine, Cedar and adjoining streets laid out through old Damen farm. (August.) Col. Benjamin Fletcher arrives as Governor. 1693.— The first printing press estabhshed by William Bradford. A bridge built by the City at " Spiken Devil." 1695.— The streets cleaned by contract at £30 per annum. 1696.— The first Trinity Church erected; also, the first Dutch Church in Garden street commenced. CHKONOLOGICAL SKETCH OF IMPORTANT EVENTS. 47 1697. — Lamps first hung out from every seventh house, upon a pole extending from the window. 1698. — (April.) Earl Bellamont arrives as Governor. 1699. — The old palisades in Wall street demolished. A new City Hall (in Wall street) erected. A market-house erected at Coenties Slip. 1701. — Earl of Bellamont died in this city. A market-house erected at the present Old Slip. 1702. — (May.) Lord Lounsbury arrived as Governor. 1703. — Trinity Churchyard granted to the Church by the city. Population of the city, 5,250. -French Church in Pine street erected. -Broadway paved from Wall street to Bowling Green. -Lord Lo\"elace arrives as Governor. -Market-house built foot of Wall street. -Luthern Church erected, corner Broadway and Rector street. Col. Hunter amves as Governor. -Ordered that negro slaves, for hire, stand in rank in the market-house, foot of Wall street. -Broadway, between Maiden Lane and the present Park, levelled. First negro plot in New York, in which several whites were killed ; nine- teen negroes were executed. 1714. — First application for authority to raise a yearly tax, (£120) for support of the City (not granted). 1719. — Presbyterian Church in Wall street erected. 1720. — WiLLiAJNi Burnet appointed Governor. 1725. — The first newspaper (the New York Gazette), published in tliis City by William Bradford. 1728. — John Montgomerie, Governor. 1729. — Dutch Church in Nassau street erected. 1730. — Stages nui to Philadelphia, once a fortnight, in the winter months. 1731. — Gov. Montgomerie died; Rip Van Dam, Lieutenant-Governor. City divided into seven Wards. 1732. — Market-house erected at foot of Fulton street. North river, for accom- modation of people from New Jersey. William Corby appointed Governor. 1734. — A work-house erected in the present Park. Cortlandt street laid out, and ceded to the city. 1735. — City watch increased to ten men and two constables. 1736. — Gov. Corby died; George Clarke, Lieutenant-Governor. 1737.— Trinity Church rebuilt. 1739. — Market-house erected in Broadway, opposite Maiden Lane. 1741. — The Negro plot; several houses set on fire; many negroes and several wdiites executed. 1743. — George Clinton appointed Governor. The Newspaper called the ** Postboy," published by James Parker. -King's College (now Columbia) first proposed. -Beekman and contiguous streets regulated. -Pearl street regulated from Franklin Square to Chatham street. -The first Merchants' Exchange erected at foot of Broad street. St. George's Chapel, in Beekman street, erected. (January.) The East River frozen over, so that a .double-horse sleigh passed over to Long Island. 48 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. 1753,_Sm Danyftis Osborn, Governor, died soon after his arrival. James Delancy, Lieut. -Governor. 1754.— King's College established under a royal charter. 1755, —Ferry established to Staten Island. Sir Charles Hardy, Governor. 1757._(May.) Troops embark from this city, destined for Canada. 1760, — Cadwallader Colden, Lieutenant-Governor. 1761. — Severe Winter; the Bay and Narrows frozen over. ^ 17(32. — Robert Monckton appointed Governor. 1763.— Powles Hook (Jersey City) ferry established. 1764.— Methodist Church in John street erected; (still standing.) (June 13.) Sandy Hook light-house lighted for the first time. 1765. — Henry Moore appointed Governor. (October.) Merchants resolved not to import goods from England, owing to opposition to the Stamp Act. 1766. — The first liberty-pole erected in this city in the present Park. News of the repeal of the Stamp Act arrived in this city. 1768. — The Brick Church, Beekman street, opened for religious service. 1769. — The use of the Exchange in Broad street granted to the Chamber of Commerce. 1770. — Statue of George III. erected on Bowling Green. John, Earl of Dunmore, Governor. 1771.— WiLLL\M Tryon, Governor. Population of the city, 21,163. 1772. — New York Society Library Incorporated. 1773. — The first stone of New York Hospital laid by Gov. Tryon; the last of the British Governors. 1774. — Hoboken Ferry established. 1775. — HostiHties commence between the Colonies and Great Britain. (August.) The British frigate Asia fired on the town. 1776. — (April 14.) Washington arrived in this city from Boston, after expelling the British. The American army in the city numbered 10,235 men. (August 22.) The British Army destined to attack New York, landed at Gravesend, L. I. (August 27.) Battle of Long Island, resulting in the defeat of the Ameri- cans, with severe loss. (Sept. 15.) The British landed at Kipp's Bay; the American army re- treated to Harlem. (Sept. 21.) Great fire in New York, destroying 493 houses, including Trinity Church. (November. ) Battle between Americans and British at Fort Washington ; the Americans defeated. 1777.— (Sept.) A British expedition set out from New York, under General Vaughan,to relieve Burgoyne at Saratoga. ■^n^-~(^^-.'^-^ Second great fire in New York, consumed 300 houses. ln9-80.— This Wmter was very severe; a beaten track for sleighs and wagons extended across the Hudson to Jersey City and Staten Island. 1 4 81-82.— The British retained possession of New York. — — A Map of the City issued this year (1782), which appears in this volume. l(iio.—{]Sov. 20.) Ihe City of New York evacuated by the British, after the declaration of peace; General Washington and his army entered the City m triumph. Population of the City of New York (1784), 23,614. OLD INSTITUTIONS FORMATION OF WARDS. 49 OLD INSTITUTIONS— Prior to 1800. Columbia College {Forvierly King's College).— This, venerable Institution was established under a royal charter in the year 1754, which has been confirmed by various acts of the Legislature since the Revolution, the principal of which is that of the 13th April, 1787. Cha:mbek, of Commerce op the State op New York. — First organized in April, 1768, is one of the oldest Institutions in the City. (See page — .) The " Society op the Cestclnnati" was formed by the Officers of the Army of the Revolution, June 19, 1783, of which, in 1786, the following was a list of Officer's — Alexander McDougall, Esq., President; Baron Steuben, Esq., Vice- President; Philip Cortlandt, Esq., Treasurer; Robert Pemberton, Esq., Sec. Society for promoting the Manumission op Slaves. Meets at the Coffee House in Wall street. officers for 1786. Hon. John Jay, Esq., President; John Murray, Jr., Treasurer; Samuel Frank- lin, Vice-President; John Keese, Esq., Secretary. General Society op Mechanics and Tradesmen. — Chartered March 14, 1793; was early organized in the City of New York. (See page 103.) officers for 1786. Robert Boyd, Chairman; John Burger, Deputy Chairman; Hugh "Walsh, Treasurer; James Bingham, Secretary, Mutual Assurance Company, organized in 1787. Kame changed in 1841 to Knickerbocker Fire Insurance Company. Bank op New York, first organized in 1784; chartered March 21, 1791. FORMATION OF WARDS. In 1683, the City of New York was divided into six Wards, under the desig- nation of South, East, North, West, Dock, and Out Ward. The Montgomerie Charter, dated January 15, 1730, desighates, in addition to the above, the boundaries of the ' ' Montgomerie " Ward. By an Act of the Colonial Grovernment, passed Feb. 28, 1791, the Wards are designated numerically from 1 to 7, and the bounds of each described. By an Act of the Legislature, passed March 8, 1803, the Wards were increased to nine, and boundaries described. The 10th Ward was erected from the 7th in March, 1808. The 11th and 12 Wards were formed, and the boundaries all described by an Act passed April 25, 1825. 13th Ward was erected from the 10th Ward, Act April 6, 1827. 14th* - ' 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st 22d 23d and 24th from ^ ♦The 6th Ward formerly inchided that portion of the 14th Ward which lies eouth of Grand Street ; the remainder of the 14th Ward was taken from the 8th Ward. 4 6th and 8th 1827. 9th " March 23, 1832. 12th "16, 1835. 11th " Feb. 1, 1837. 16th " " 19, 1846. 12th " April 6, 1850. 16th - July 9, 1851. 18th " May 27, 1853. 19th " June 22, 1853. Chester County. " " May 23, 1873. 50 NEW YORK AS IT WAS. THE BRITISH OCCUPATION OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK— 1776 TO 1783. Copied from an Address hy John Austin Stevens, Esq. " On the 15th of September, 1776, (soon after the disastrous battle on Long Island,) the British troops took possession of the city, and in their train were refugees from all sections. Later, traders and speculators came in hordes by every transport fleet from Great Britain, and a large business sprung up in the purchase and sale of army supplies, but the city itself found no profit in this abnormal traffic. The streets and buildings were allowed to go to decay, wilh the exception of temporary repairs for sanitary reasons, and the glories of the once thriving city were but a story of the past. ' ' Two terrible conflagrations added to the measure of distress and ruin. Hardly had the British troops taken possession ere (on the 21st of September, 1776), a disastrous fire breaking out in a small wooden house on the wharf near Whitehall, occupied by dissolute characters, spread to the northward, and con- sumed the entire city westward of Broadway to the very northernmost limit. In this terrible calamity, which owed its extent to the desertion of the city and the terror of the few remaining inhabitants, 493 houses were destroyed, including old Trinity and the Lutheran Church. Another destructive fire broke out on Cruger's wharf on the 3d of August, 1778, and burned about 54 houses. At last the fortune of war changed. The thunder of the American artillery at Sara- toga, where the sons of New York were in full force on her own battle-field, and at Yorktown, where the same gallant corps vied in friendly and not unequal rivalry with the trained ofiicers of France, had cleared, the sky, and beneath the smoke of battle peace was dawning in the near horizon. " On the 24th of March, 1783, Robert R. Livingston, the Secretary of Foreign Affairs, notified Washington, then at West Point, of the agreeable intelligence of a general peace, and on the 9th of April following, at 12 o'clock, peace was proclaimed from the steps of the City Hall by the Town Major The patriots were in glee, the English occupants and their friends in alarm. During the Summer there was a constant departure of the hostile fleets, and the Whigs be- gan to pour into the city and take possession of their deserted homes and estates. Feehng ran high, and the remaining loyalists awaited in terror the hour when the final withdrawal of the British forces should leave them helpless at the mercy of the irritated patriots. The prudent foresight of Gen. Washington, counselling 'moderation and steady behavior,' and the wise precautions of Gov. Clinton, happily arrested any disposition to excess, and in this they were nobly seconded by the Whig leaders, who, at the meeting to prepare for the re- ception of the American troops, after a signification of their opinion of those who had remamed in the city during the British occupation, by a request that any such withdraw from the room, pledged themselves to ' prevent any confusion that may arise on and after the day of evacuation. ' On the 25th day of Novem- ber the American army, under the command of Major-Gen. Henry Knox, marched from Harlem to the Bowery lane, where they remained until 1 o'clock, when, the British posts being withdrawn,, the American column marched in and took possession of the city. Nothing could have been more grateful to New- York than this disposition, for in Knox's artillery command was the favorite regiment commanded by Col. John Lamb, and oflicered by men who, like him- self, were of the earlier patriots and sons of liberty. The new era began upon this day ; henceforth New York was to move on her marvelous career In a few years she appears reorganized, rebuilt, with new architecture, new msXiiyi- tions, facile pnnceps the Imperial City of the Continent." f f^ 1^W\V YORK AS IT IS. PART II. DESCRIPTION OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF NEW YORK. Situation and Extent. ^^^^^^^&fe^^ View of New York from Weehawken rpHE City of New York, proper, -L the chief City of the Empire State and the Commercial Metropolis of the United States, is the third city of the civilized world in point of population, trade and commerce. It stands on an Island of the same name, situated on the East side of the estuary of the Hudson River, at its junction with a narrow Strait called the East River, opening into Long Island Sound through a passage called Hell Gate ; be- ing bounded by Westchester County on the North, on the East by the East River, and on the South and West by New York Bay and Hudson River, di- viding it from Long Island and New Jersey. It lies 18 miles from the Atlan- tic Ocean, passing through New York Bay and the "Narrows;" in N. lati- tude 40° 43' 43' W. long- itude 70' 0' 3' from Greenwich Ob., England. Mean Annual Tempera- ture 51° Fahr. ; elevated 50 feet above the ocean. Its distance from Al- bany, the Capital of the State, is 144 miles; from Philadelphia, 90 miles; from the City of Washing- ton, 228 miles, and from Boston, via Stonington and Providence, 214 miles. The Island, for the most part cov- ered with stores, warehouses and dwellings, is 13^ miles long. North and South, with an average width of li miles, the greatest width being on the line of 14th Street, 2^ miles. From this circumstance, its limited width, great inconvenience is felt by the busi- ness portion of the inhabitants in daily passing from the upper to the lower part of the City, where bankers, mer- chants and w^orking people congregate. On the North and the North-east, the land is separated from the main land (now forming the 23d and 24th Wards of the City, being taken from West- 62 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Chester County) by the Spuyten Du}-vil Creek, opening into the Hudson River, and by Harlem River, which connects with the Creek not far from King's Bridge, and opens into the East River, forming with the Creek a continuous but very winding water-way, 8 miles long. The Islajid, including Blackwell's, Randall's and Ward's Islands, and other Islands in the Bay, covers an area of about 22 square miles, or 14,000 acres, its highest point being 338 feet above tide water, at "Washington Heights. The above area has been nearly doubled by the annexation of territory from Westchester Co. , making about 40 sq. miles. The surface in many parts is elevated, broken and rocky, with a de- scent into the East and Hudson Rivers. Bay and Islands — Fortifications, &c. New York Inner Bay forms one of the finest harbors in the world; it is about 8 miles in length, N. to S., and a breadth varying up to 5 miles. It may be entered from the Ocean by three passages — the Narrows, East River or Long Island Sound, and Staten Island Sound — but the first, between Long Is- land and Staten Island, is at once the best and by far the most frequented channel. The bar of the mouth of the Outer Bay, between Sandy Hook and Long Island, has 21 feet of water at ebb tide ; and as the water rises about 5 feet, the largest chiss of ships may enter the Lower Bay. Within the bar, the water in the outer and inner Bays, and in the Hudson, is so deep that ships of the largest ton- nage lay close to the quays, and may proceed to a great distance up the Hud- son. The navigation of the Bay is but rarely impeded by ice. The great strength of the tide and the vicinity of the ocean keep it generally open. In the East River, extending in suc- cession towards Long Island Sound, are Blackwell's Island, with the Citj^ Penitentiary on the southerly end, a capacious Lunatic Asylum on the north, and a new Alms House in the middle section; Ward's Island, be- tween which and the former Hell Gate is situated, and Randall's Island, are all attached to the City and County. In the Bay, fronting the Battery, at the distance of little more than half a mile, and separated from Long Island by Buttermilk Channel, is Governor's- Island ; while toward the Jersey shore, and looking up the Hudson are Bedloe's and Ellis's Islands ; the three latter Is- lands are all strongly fortified and occu- pied by United States Troops. Fort Hamilton, on the Long Island shore, and Richmond, Tompkins, Columbus, and Lafayette (the latter a few years since destroyed by fire and not rebuilt), are erected at other points for guarding the approach to the City from a hostile foe. The navigation of the outer harbor, or Bay, is very easy, and w^ere it not for the risk of violating marine insurances, the services of pilots would seldom be required. The Light Vessel, about two miles east of Sandy Hook, is the first light to guide the mariner; then comes Sandy Hook Light and two Beacon Lights, situated near the north point of Sandy Hook. The Gedmy Channel LIMITS OF THE CITY — THE BATTERY, 53 forms the main entrance to the Lower Bay. The Xew Drop Beacon and the light on the east end of Staten Island, at the " Narrows," are next sighted, and New York Harbor entered. The new Quarantine Station is located on a shoal called West Bank, about one mile be- low Fort Tompkins. The entrance from Long Island Sound, through Hell Gate, is somewhat an intricate passage, which has lately been greatly improved I)y increasing the depth of water, under the direction of the U. States Govern- ment. Vessels, on entering the mouth of the North River, often come to anchor, and others run into the slips to load and discharge at the wharves, on both sides of the City, which are con- tinually crowded with ocean steamers and shipping, displaying the flags of all nations. The City and County possesses the same limits, occupying the entire sur- face of the Island of Manhattan, to- gether with the former towns of King's Bridge, Morrisania and "West Farms, which were annexed to the City by an Act of the Legislature, in 1873 ; they now form the 23d and 24th Wards of th|jCity. I^ew York or Manhattan Island is divided into 141,486 building lots, by survey, of which about one-half are appropriated. From Battery Point at the southern extremity, the City proper is regularly covered with streets and buildings for a distance of 5 miles, and also, but irregularly, 4 miles further to Harlem on the East side. On the West side again, it forms a concrete mass of stone and brick to about Sixtieth street, j thence less compactly to above Bloom- j ingdale, where it opens into the subur- I ban districts of Manhattanville and ! Washington Heights. 1 The panoramic view of the approach to the City from the sea is very fine, the shores of the Bay, with the Heights : in the background, being wooded down ! to the water's edge and thickly studded with villages, farms and country man- sions. The view of the City itself from the Bay is less prepossessing; for the ground on which it is built, though undulating, being nowhere considera- bly elevated, but little of it is visible from the water, and it has no very striking object to arrest the eye. It is of a triang-ular shape, bearing, in this respect, some resemblance to Constan- tinople. The oldest portion of the City, at the apex of the southern ex- tremity of the triangle, has still, not- withstanding the important improve- ments effected of late years, some nar- row and crooked streets. At the ex- treme southern point of the City is lo- cated the Battery, an open green of about 10 acres, dotted with a few fine trees, and, once, a fashionable promen- ade of our forefathers. On the Battery is Castle Garden, an old brick fort, now used by the Commissioners of Emi- gration as a depot for emigrants on their arrival. Advancing to the more modern and improved regions of the City, we come to broad, straight thoroughfares, generally crossing one another at right angles. Broadway, the principal street of New York, and one 54 NEW TOEK AS IT IS. of the finest thoroughfares in the world, is a long and spacious avenue, 80 feet in width, extending in nearly a straight line for about six miles,and presenting a cmip d'mil of life, beauty, and diversity, almost unequalled, lined on either side as it is with edifices of striking and gen- erally noble style of architecture. Many of the great shops and stores in this and other leading streets are highly decorated, and present, on the whole, quite a sumptuous appearance. The dwelling-houses in the central parts of the City bring high prices, and indeed it may be said, that, to all classes other than the wealthy, house rents are almost intolerably burdensome. The pavement throughout the City is, in the main, good, and the sidewalks wide and clean. The dwelling-houses of the richer class are almost invariably mass- ive and stately buildings, of brown- stone frontage; while the humbler dwellings of red brick, set off by their brightly painted green blinds, present, too, a very bright and cheerful aspect. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. In enumerating the public buildings, which are described under their appro- priate heads, we shall first name The City Hall, Situated in the Park, about half a mile north from the Battery, and equi- distant from the East and North Rivers, standing in an open square of about eight acres, planted with trees and in- tersected by walks. It is 2G6 feet in length, by 105 feet in depth, with a height of 65 feet, and has a front of white marble. The building was begum ' in 1803 and completed in 1812, at a cost of $538,734. The Mayor, Clerk of the Common Council, and many other city ofllcials have their ofiices in this build- ing. On the second floor is the Gover- nor's Room, 52 by 26 feet, used for the reception of distinguished visitors. The cupola contains a four-dial clock, illu- minated at night by gas. A fountain stands in front of the City Hall, surrounded by paved walks, trees and grass'plat. The New Court House, Fronting on Chambers street, con- structed of East Chester and Massa- chusetts white marble, in the Corin- thian style, was begun in 1862, and is not completed, although an immense amount of money has been expended on the edifice. It is 250 feet long, 150. feet wide, and the crown of the dome is to be 210 feet above the pavement. It was first used in 1867, and accommo- dates the County Clerk, Sheriff, Sur- rogate and other City and County offi- cers ; in part being used as Court Rooms for the Court of Appeals, etc. Hall of Records, Stands on the cast side of City Hall Park. It is a stone building, originally the City Prison, and in 1832 used as a cholera hospital. This old, historic building of Revolutionary memory, has been remodeled and is now occupied and used as the Register's Olfice for the City and County of New York. City Prison. The principal building, called the " Tombs,'' occupies a block on Centra PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 55 street; it is built of Maine granite, two stories high, in the Egj'ptian order of architecture. The structure is 253 by 200 feet, and occupies the four sides of a hollow square. In the front are the rooms for the Court of Sessions, the Police Court, etc. The men's prison contains about 150 cells; the depart- ment for females is not so large. Crim- inals for murder, etc., are executed in the open court. The Penitentiary, situated on Blackwell's Island, is an immense stone edifice ; the main building is four stories high, surmounted by a tower ; there are also two wings, each extending upwards of 200 feet from the centre building. Police Head-Quarters. This is a large marble structure at 300 Mulberry street, with elegant oflBces for ofl&cials; telegraphic communica- tions with each station-house ; rooms for the instruction of new members and the trial of offenders ; a rogue's gallery of portraits, together with rooms for the Health Department of the City. The New York County Jail is situ- ated in Ludlow street, where non-resi- dent debtors and others are detained for trial. This prison contains 87 cells, or rooms, mostly for debtors. The Essex Market Prison is situ- ated at 69 Essex street, and there is another prison-house on East 57th st. Jefferson Market Prison and court rooms is a new brick edifice. On Blackwell's Island, lying in the East River, opposite East Forty-eighth to Eighty-third street, are several im- portant City buildings, all under the charge of the Commissioners of Char- ities and Correction : Charity Hospi- tal, Fever Hospital, Small-pox Hospi- tal, Infant Hospital, Hospital for In- curables, Hospital for Paralytics, Alms House, Penitentiaiy, Lunatic Asylum, and Workhouse. The island is formed of a narrow strip of land, one and three- quarter miles long. It is kept in perfect order, and is well worthy a visit. "Ward's Island, situated at the junc- tion of the East and Harlem Rivers, contains a Hospital for Emigrants and a Lunatic Asylum. Randall's Island is situated a short distance north of Ward's Island. Here is a Nursery, in which children only two years old are committed. It usu- ally contains about 1,000 girls and boys who, if not claimed by their parents, are indentured, at a suitable age, to learn some useful pursuit. United States Government Buildings. Custom House.— The present United States Custom House, fronting on Wall street, between Hanover and William streets, covering a smidl block, stands on the site of the old Exchange Building, destroyed by fire in December, 1835. It is one of the finest and most substantial edifices in America, being built of Quincy granite. The building is 200 feet long by 160 feet in width, and 77 feet high. Its portico is supported by 12 front, 4 centre and 2 rear Ionic col- umns, 38 feet long and 4^ feet in dia- meter, each being formed from a single granite block weighing 45 tons. The Ro- tunda is 80 feet in diameter, 80 feet high ; and the dome, which is 124 feet above 56 NEW YORK AS IT IS. the pavement, is supported by 8 pilas- ters of variegated Italian marble. The cost of its construction was $1,800,000. Here the Government collects about two-thirds of its customs revenue. Sub-Treasury Building. This noble edifice stands on conse- crated ground at the corner of Wall and Nassau streets, on the spot where stood the old Federal Hall, on the bal- cony of which Washington was inaug- urated as the first President of the United States. It is a white marble fire-proof structure, 90 feet front by 200 feet deep, running through to Pine street, with a rotunda 30 feet in diam- eter. The present structure cost about $1,200,000, and was erected in 1845. Here the United States Govern- ment deposits its gold, and here, under the direction of the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, our national monetary transactions are made. United States Assay Office, 30 and 32 Wall street, located in the old United States Branch Building, next to the Sub-Treasury Building. The Assay Office was established in 1851, with all the functions of the United States Mint at Philadelphia except coinage. The principal business here transacted is the assaying and refinery of gold and silver, which is run into bars, being then ready for coinage or exportation. New York Post Office. This grand structure, situated at the southern part of the City Hall Park, is the most imposing edifice of its kind in the United States. It is triangular in form, with a front on Broadway and Park Row. The walls are constructed of granite, five stories, beside basement and attic. The building accommodates both the Post Office and the United States District Court. In addition to the above details a general description of the building may be of interest. Ground was broken for the Post Office in August, 1869, and it will have cost, when completely fin- ished, about $8,000,000. The general plan is an immense triangle, inclosing an open triangular court. The light from this court extends down through three glass tessellated floors to the sub-cellar. The court is entirely open down to the first story. All the upper stories are well lighted and ventilated by this open space. The building, which is fire- proof throughout, occupies 21 city lots, has a frontage on Broadway of 340 feet, on Park Row of 320 feet, on the City Hall Park of 200 feet, and at its south- ern side a frontage of 130 feet. The height from the sidewalk to the lantern crowning the dome is 195 feet. The first two floors and the basement below are occupied by the Post Office, and the third and fourth floors by the United States Courts and offices, Dis- rict Attorney's office. United States Commissioners' office, Clerks' offices of the Circuit and District Courts, Law Library, etc. There are ten elevators for mail matter, and four for passen- gers. The building looms up grandly above the fine structures in the vi- cinity, and attracts and interests the attention of every beholder. The solid walls of the Post Office contain POST OFFICE — MONUMENTS. 57 half a million cubic feet of granite. The business transacted in the Post Oflace in this City is something mar- velous, being nearl}^ double that of any other City in the Union. The aver- age number of domestic letters re- ceived and distributed daily is 300,000; the number of foreign letters received is 30,000, the number dispatched 35,000, and the number of local letters received and distributed, 120,000. There are 5,795 lock-boxes for letters, and 372 lock-boxes for newspapers. At the Post Office and stations there are about 1,300 employees, and 390 carriers are employed. In the Post Office proper there about 600 clerks. Experience has shown that Mondays and Thursdays are generally the heaviest days. To properly manage a business so vast and so complex as that transacted in the New York Post Office requires the highest order of executive ability, com- bined with a quick perception of needed details to systematize the work so as to make one harmonious machine. Post Office Stations. Station A, 595 Broadway. " B, 380 Grand street. C, 583 Hudson street. D, 4 Cooper Union. E, 465 Eighth avenue. " F, 550 Third avenue. " G, 935 Eighth avenue. " H, 1009 Third avenue. " K, cor, 86lh st. and Third av. *' L, 2248 Third avenue. "" M. Carmansville. Stations North of Harlem River. 1. Morrisania. 5. Kingsbridge. 2. Tremont. 6. Spuyten Duyvil. 3. Fordham. 7. West Farms. 4. Woodlawn. 8. Riverdale. The following is the staff of officials connected with the New York Post Office: Thomas L. James, Postmaster. Henry G. Pearson, Assistant Post- master. J. Aug. Hinchman, Chief CUrk. 1st Division — Auditor's Office, John J. Foote, Auditor-in-charge. 2d Dimsian — Cashier's Office, Harvey Major, Cashier-in-charge. 3d Division — Mailing and Discharg- ing Department, Anthony Yeoman, General Superintendent-in-charge. 4th Division — City Delivery, James Gayler, Superintendent-in-charge. 5th Division — Moiuy Order "William Plimley, General Sup't, MONUMENTS. There are Tombs and splendid Mon- uments erected in the different Ceme- teries in the City to the memory of the illustrious dead. Among the most con- spicuous are the following: The oldest monument of note in the City is that erected to the memory of Peter Stuyvesant. It is situated on the east side of St. Mark's Church, cor- ner of Stuyvesant and Second avenue, and bears an appropriate inscription. (See page 34.) The Tombs of many other eminent men are located in this ancient burial place, which contains the remains of Dutch, English, and American heroes. 58 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Alexander Hamilton. In the Cemetery surrounding Trinity Church, on Broadway, there is a monu- ment erected to the memory of Alex- ander Hamilton; within the church there is also a bust and a tablet. He met his death in a duel July 12, 1804, aged 47 years. (See page 35.) Lawrence and Ludlow. The monument to the memory of the gallant Lawrence and Ludlow stands in Trinity churchyard, near Broad- way, The design is by the architect Upjohn, the sculpture by Fraser. It is built of the same material as the church, and bears the following inscrip- tion : In memory of Captain James Lawrence, of the United States Navy, Who fell on the 1st of June, 1813, in the S2d year of his age, In the action between the Frigates Chesapeake and Shannon. On the southern side of the monu- ment is an inscription as follows : In memory of Lieut. Augustus G. Ludlow, of the United States Navy; died at Halifax, 1813. Monument to Major Gen. Montgom- ery, In front of St. Paul's Church, Broadway. This Monument is erected by order of Congress, 25th Jan., 1776 to transmit to posterity a grateful re- membrance of the patriotism, conduct, enterprise and perseverance of Major-General Richard Montgomery* Who, after a series of successes amidst the most discouraging difficulties. Fell in an attack on Quebec, Dec. 31, 1775 aged 37 years. ' Emmet's Monument. The monument erected to the mem- ory of Emmet, stands in St. Paul's churchyard, near Broadway. It is a granite shaft with an appropriate in- scription : Born in Cork, 24th April, 1764. He died in New York, 14th Nov., 1827. Other Monuments to the illustrious dead are to be seen in both of the aboye churchyards. Washington Monument. The equestrian bronze statue of the Father of his Country, situated on south-east side of Union Square, is one of the finest in the City. The com- manding figure and pedestal are 29 feet in height. The monument erected to the mem- ory of President Lincoln stands on the opposite side of Union Square, near Fourteenth street. It w^as erected in 1870. The pedestal is formed of three granite slabs w-hich weigh over 40 tons. The statue is of bronze, eleven feet high, and weighs 3,000 lbs. Worth Monument, Stands on the west side of Madison Square, on Fifth Avenue : it is a gran- ite obelisk, and presents in relief the equestrian image of the noble general who signalized himself in the w^ar with Mexico, The Franklin Monument, on Print- ing House Square, opposite Cit}^ Hall Park, is a recent and appropriate statue erected in honor of the philosopher and statesman of Revolutionary memory. In addition to the above, a number of costly and appropriate monuments are to be found in the Central Park. ^- WASHINGTON MONUMENT— UNION SQUARE. PUBLIC PARKS COLLEGES, CHrRCHES, &C. 59^ PUBLIC PARKS. There are numerous Public Parks and Squares in different parts of the City, the most prominent of which is the Central Park, containing 843 acres, situated near the centre of the Island. This is, unquestionably, one of the most beautiful parks of its age and kind in the world. Besides the Parks and Squares in the lower part of the City, there are two or three large Parks pro- vided for on the banks of the Hudson River, yet in an unfinished state, but w^hich, eventually, will be completed, and add largely to the beauties of the Metropolis. A full description of the Parks is elsewhere given. The Boulevards on the Island and North of Harlem River, within the City limits, afford great attraction to the pedestrian as well as the lovers of fine drives on good graveled roads. The Cemeteries, or Burial places, are now mostly located outside the City limits. Trinity Cemetery, on Washington Heights, comprises 36 acres. Woodlawn Cenutery is situated six miles North of Harlem Bridge, in the 24th Ward of the City. COLLEGES, CHURCHES, 8oc. Columbia College, (formerly King's), established in 1754, has a pres- ident and eight other professors, about 170 students, a library of 25,000 volumes, and an estate valued at upwards of $2,000,000. The University of the City of New York, chartered in 1831, and opened the folio-wing year, situated op- posite Washington Square, is a fine marble structure, in the English col- legiate style, 180 feet in length, by 100 feet in width. The front is divided into five parts, the chapel being in the- centre, with wings, and flanked by towers on either side. The New York College stands on the corner of Lexing- ton Avenue and Twenty-third Street. Among the ecclesiastical edifices of New York are Trinity Church, situate in Broadwaj^, opposite Wall Street. It is a Gothic structure, of solid brown- stone from foundation to spire, with the exception of the roof, which is of wood; the height of the steeple is 282^ feet, and its general architectural beau- ty makes it, on the whole, very impos- ing; the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. Patrick, now in course of construc- tion on Fifth Avenue, between 51st and 52d Streets, in the Decorated style, after the model of the celebrated cathedral at Cologne, and w^hen completed it will be by far the most magnificent ecclesiastic building in the United States. The City contains 470 churches, at- tached to various denominations, viz :. Baptist, 43; Congregational, 8; Lu- theran, 20; Methodist Episcopal, 56; African Methodist Episcopal, 6; Wes,- leyan Methodist, 1; Methodist Protes- tant, 1; Free Methodist, 1; Moravian, 2; Presbyterian, 62; United Presby- terian, 10; Reformed Presbyterian, 6; Protestant Episcopal, 80; Reformed, 25; Roman Catholic, 43; Unitarian, 5;, Universalist, 7; Miscellaneous, 34; be- sides, 5 Friends' meeting houses, 29 Jews' synagogues, 34 city missions, 3 other missions, and 9 seamen's churches.. 60 NEW YORK AS IT IS. The Bible House, corner Fourth avenue and Astor Place; the Association Hall, and National Academy of Design, standing opposite, on Fourth Avenue, corner 23d Street, are all noble struc- tures. The new Masonic Hall, at the corner of Sixth Avenue and 23d Street, finished and dedicated in June, 1875, is one of the most costly and magnificent structures in the City, The new Stock Exchange on Broad Street, with an en- trance on Wall Street, is a fine building. In the vicinity is situated the Gold Ex- ■change, this being the money centre of America. The Theatres and Halls of Amuse- ment are numerous, numbering about 30 Theatres, &c., which are usually nu- merously attended. The Academy of Music, the Grand Opera House, Booth's Theatre, Fifth Avenue Theatre, Wal- lack's Theatre and others, are favorites. The Hotels are also numerous, many being constructed for the accommoda- tion of guests regardless of cost. The As- tor House, St. Nicholas Hotel, Metropol- itan Hotel, Fifth Avenue Hotel, Grand Hotel, Grand Central, Brevoort House, Windsor Hotel, and others, are large and noble edifices. On the line of Broadway and Fifth Avenue, there are upwards of thirty of these stately and capacious buildings. In other parts of the City, of easy access to omnibus and street car lines, they no less abound, altogether numbering about one hun- dred good hotels, kept on the American and European plans. The Restaurants, or Eating- HousES, are still more numerous, beins: found in fashionable parts of the City, uptown, and convenient to business men in the lower part of the City. Croton Aqueduct and Water- Works. New York formerly labored under a great deficiency of water; but latterly this deficiency has been fully supplied by means of the Croton Aqueduct, a work worthy of being ranked with the noblest of the old Roman aqueducts. It commences about 45 miles from the City at the Croton River, the waters of which are collected by an immense dam. The aqueduct proceeding thence is arched over and under, being 6 feet 3 inches wide at bottom, 7 feet 8 inches at top, and 8 feet 5 inches in height. It has a descent of 1,33 inches per mile, and discharges 60,000,000 gallons in 24 hours. It crosses the Harlem River over the famous High Bridge, a struc- ture of granite, 1,450 feet in length, with 14 arches, each of 80 feet span, 110 feet above tide-water. The receiving reser- voir has a water surface of 31 acres, and contains 150,000,000 gallons; the dis- tributing reservoir, covering 4 acres, has a depth of 40 feet, and holds 21,000,- 000 gallons. Thence the water is dis- tributed over the City by means of iron pipes, from 6 to 36 inches in diameter, extending, in 1870, to the length of 320 miles, 5,237 feet. The entire cost has been $12,376,000. The water was par- tially introduced into the City in July, 1842, but the works were not complet- ed till 1845. This ample supply of pure water has made a great sanitary im- provement in the City; for, as regards SCHOOLS, ACADEMIES, HOSPITALS, ASYLUMS, &C. 61 cleanliness and salubrity, there was great room for change. The City is traversed throughout by numerous Street Railroads, while scores of Ferry-steamers maintain communica- tion with Brooklyn, Jersey City, Staten Island, and all the outlying suburban places of importance on the East and Hudson Rivers. A monster Suspension Bridge over the East River, intended to connect the cities of New York and Brooklyn, was begun in 1870, and is still unfinished; the towers on either side presenting a gigantic appearance. Schools, Academies, &c. New York possesses an excellent sys- tem of free schools, and every facility is afforded by large and commodious school-houses, free books and materials, and competent teachers, for the educa- tion of all children within its bounda- ries. These schools are managed by a Board of Education. The City is divid- ed into eight educational districts, over which 3 inspectors are appointed. Be- sides these, there are 5 school trustees ever each of the 24 wards of the City. There are 58 grammar schools, and 40 primary schools — besides 6 colored grammar schools. The industrial schools number seventeen. There are 12 cor- porate schools which participate in the school-fund, and 9 colleges. There are, besides, 38 Roman Catholic free schools. The same denomination have, of high schools, St. Xavier's College, under the Jesuits ; St. Vincent's Academy, and the Academy of the Holy Infancy ; Brothers' Christian Schools, and con- vents and academies of the Sacred Heart. The City has also an Episcopal Seminary, and various other sectarian high schools; three medical colleges, historical, law, agricultural, horticultu- ral, topographical, musical, and numer- ous other learned societies, with ex- tensive reading rooms. Hospitals, Asylums, &c. The New York Hospital and that of Bellevue, are the principal of the numer- ous institutions for medical relief. There are admirable establishments for the blind and the deaf and dumb; a society for the reformation of juvenile offend- ers ; a farm termed "Long Island Farms" for the provision of destitute children, and a great variety of other useful public institutions ;— but our space does not permit us to pass in de- tail the multitudinous institutions, ob- jects, and places of interest and impor- tance diffused over this great city. — The New York Hospital, the oldest in- stitution of the kind in the State, was chartered by George III. , in 1771. The Asylum for the Insane, at Blooming- dale, is a branch of the hospital. It has about forty acres of ground, and a fine botanical garden. The New York Wo- man's Hospital, for the exclusive treat- ment of diseases of women, is the only one of the kind in the country. Among the numerous other charitable institu- tions are the Association for the Relief of the Poor (which has an organization thoroughly supervising the City, and re- lieves all deserving poor not otherwise provided for), the New York Orphan Asylum (on the banks of the Hudson, at Bloomingdale), the Leake and Watts' ,?io/i'^w^ Railroad, when complete, will form a through Philadelphia, via the North Pennsylvania Railroad; distance, Yardleville, Pa. - Newark, N.J Philadelphia Baltimore Washington, D.C Bay Side, N.J... Nyack, N.Y.... Middletown,N.Y Oswego, N.Y 144 128 108 76 39 6 4 95 8. 17 35 6^ 54 6- T 20 92 460 91 25. 210 85 75 45. 9 9a 98 40 117 30 88 240 line and track from New York ta 88 miles. SUMMAKT. 69 sxj]M]vj:^ry. Suggestive Figures Copied from the Annual Eeport of the New York City Mission for 1875. Population,— The population of the City of New York, according to the :N'inth United States Census of 1870, -w^as 942,292. According to the State Census of 1875, 1,046,037. Dwellings. — The number of dwell- ing-houses in the City, in 1870, was 64,044. Families. — The number of families living in the City was 185,789. Tenement Houses. — Houses con- taining three or more families, are classed as tenement houses. It is sup- posed that there are 20,000 tenement houses, and tliat they contain a popu- lation of 500,000 persons. Makriages. — The number of per- sons united in marriage, in the City, •during the year, is estimated at 20,000. Births. — The number of births in the city, during the year, is estimated at 35,000. Deaths. — The number of deaths in the city, during the year 1874, was 28,- 420, or about 28 to the 1,000. Property. — The total valuation of property in the City was $1,154,029,176. City Taxes.— The City taxes are $32,000,000 a year, and upwards. Public Amusements. — The money spent in theatres, operas, and other ;public amusements, is estimated at .^7,000,000 a vear. Public Education. — For the pub- lic schools, $4,000,000 a year is re- quired. Police. — For the support of the police, $4,000,000 a year is required. Immigrants. — Seventeen thousand immigrants per month, or upwards of 200,000 per year, land at Castle Garden. Last year (1874), the number was $267,901. Churches and Accommodations. — There are 470 churches, chapels, and missions of all kinds, with accommoda- tions for 350,000 persons. Protestant Churches and Accom- modations.— There are 380 Protestant places of worship, with accommoda- tions for 250,000 persons. Protestant Churches and Com- municants.— There are 240 regularly incorporated Protestant churches, with an average membership of 300, which would give a total of 72,000 communi- cants. Sabbath-schools and Attend- ance.— There are 410 Sabbath-schools of all denominations, with an attend- ance of 115,826 pupils. Protestant Sabbath-schools. — There are 256 Protestant Sabbath- schools, with an attendance of 88,237 pupils. Young Men and Young Women. — 70 NEW YORK AS IT IS. The number of males between the ages of 15 and 30 years, is 122,081. The number of females between the ages of 15 and 30 years, is 150,467. Probably 30,000 of the latter are servants. Children between Yivb and Fif- teen.— The number of children in the City between the ages of five and fifteen, is 197,363. The number five to eight- een years of age, is 250,353, Public Instruction. — In the schools under the Board of Education there is an average attendance of 107,934. Private Schools, etc. — In paro- chial schools, industrial schools, private schools, colleges, etc., there must be 35,000 more. Whole Number at School.— In the public schools and private schools, etc. , there are probably 142,934 regularly in attendance. The number of pupils who attend these schools for a longer or shorter period is over 200,000. Street Children,— Children grow- ing up without any instruction. This number, variously estimated, may be set down at about 10,000. Drinking Places. — Official state- ments place the number of licensed and unlicensed drinking saloons at 8,403. The money spent in these drinking places for liquor is variously estimated, but may be set down at $50,000,000 a year. Arrests. — Total number of arrests by the Police Department for the year 1874, 90,030, of which 71,260 were for intoxication and disorderly conduct. Crimes of Violence. — Arrests for crimes of violence in 1874, 7,860. Commitments. — Commitments to the City Prison in 1874, 51,466, Intemperance. — Of the whole num- ber committed to the City prisons dur- ing the year, 41,514 were of intemper- ate habits. Lodgings. — Lodgings furnished at police stations in 1874, 185,124, Lost Children.— Lost children ta- ken care of by the police in 1874, 5,879. Out-Door Poor. — Out-door poor re- lieved in 1874, 22,782, Benevolent Societies. — There are- over 315 religious and charitable socie- ties. Of the more prominent societies, a» the American Bible Society, the Ameri- can Tract Society, etc., 40 reported last year an aggregate of $7,025,021.65, or, excluding proceeds of sales, nearly $6,000,000. The organized local charitable socie- ties and institutions receive and disburse annually $2,500,000. Public Charities, — To the alms- houses, prisons, hospitals, nurseries, schools, asylums, etc. , under the care of the Commissioners of Public Charities; and Correction, there were 153,271 com- mitments during the year 1874. It will be borne in mind that the returns from, these institutions do not indicate the; number of different individuals held. In many instances the same person has- been committed several times. If he were committed twenty times during- the year, there would be twenty com- mitments registered, and yet but one person. The constant population of these institutions is about 8,000. PART III. MUlSriCIPAL G;-OVERlSrMENT-1876. The Mayor of the City op Kew York holds office for two years. The term of the present in- cumbent commenced January 1, 1875, and expires January 1, 1877. He is invested by law with exten- sive powers, including the appointment and removal for cause of the heads of the various Departments of the Municipal Government. In cases of removal, however, the proceeding must obtain the approval of the Governor of the State. WILLIAM H. WICKHAM, Mayor, Office, No. 6 City Hall. Burton N. Harrison, Secretary. Chief Clerk — Thomas A Lathrop Marshals — John Tyler Kelly, Herman Schroeter. Permit Clerk — Daniel Hart, 6 City Hall. JOHN K. HACKETT, Reorder, 817 Broadway. BOARD OF ALDERMEN. A-t Large. John Reilly, Magnus Gross, Oliver T. C. Billings. Fourth Senate District. Bryan Reilly, Patrick Lysaght. Fifth Senate District. James J. GuArBLETON, William Wade. Sixth Senate District. Patrick Keenan, John W. Guntzer. Seventh Senate District. Henry E. Howland, Peter Seery, William Sauer. Eighth Senate District. ^Michael Tuomey, Wm. H. McCarthy, Henry D. Purroy, Joseph Cudlipp. Samuel A. Lewis, President Board of Aldermen. Francis J. Twomey, Clerk, Office, No. 8 City Hall. Samuel A. Lewis, Jacob Hess, William L. Cole, Thomas Shiels. John J. Morris, Joseph C. Pinckney, Tlie Mayor, Recorder and Board of Aldermen are the Board of Supervisors. 72 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Executive . Legislative Finance .. Law o Police. Public Works... Public Charities and Corrections. Fire - 9 Health. 10 Public Parks. 11 Docks. 12 13 14 15 Taxes and As- sessments Buildings Excise Education . EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS. Heads of Dejtartnients. .William H. Wickham * Mayor. -Board of Aldermen and Supervisors . Andrew H. Green Comptroller. . William C. Whitney Counsel to the Corporation. William F. Smith John R. Voorhis De Witt C. Wheeler Joel B. Erhart -Allan Campbell Isaac H. Bailey Thomas S. Brennan TowNSEND Cox Joseph L. Perley RoswELL D. Hatch Vincent C. King Charles F. Chandler Dr. E. G. Janeway President Board of Police-. Henry G. Stebbins William R. Martin David B. Williamson Joseph J. O'Donohue Jacob A. Westervelt Henry F, Dimock Salem H. Wales John Wheeler George H. Andrews John K Haywood -Walter W. Adams James L. Stewart William H. Stiner D. D. T. Marshall -William Wood '.President. *For Salaries see page 63 Commissioners. . Commissioner. Commissioners. Commissioners. Commissioners. Commissioners. Commissioners. Tax Commissioners. . Superintendent. Commissioners FINANCE DEPARTMENT. Office, County Court House. Comptroller's Office. Andrew H. Green, Comptrolkr. Abm. L. Earle, PeputT/ Comptroller, Richard A. Storrs, Assistant, F. W. Whittemore, Assistant, C W. Lawrence, Clerk to C(mij)troller, Eliot McCormick, Secretary to Comptroller, Wakeman H. Dikeman, Stock Clerk. MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. 73 Auditing Bureau. Dai^iel Jackson, Auditor of Accounts, R. Yelverton, Assistant Auditor. Bureau for the Collection of Taxes. M. T. McMahon, Becdver of Taxes, Alfred Vredenburgh, First Clerk Bureau for the Collection of City Revenue. R1CILS.RD F. Stevens, ColUctor of the City Bevenue. Bureau for the Collection of Assessments. Spencer Kirby, Collector of Assessments. Bureau of Arrears. A. S. Cady, Clerk of Arrears. Bureau of Markets. Thos. F. Devoe, Superintendent of Markets. City Chamberlain. J. Nelson Tappan. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS. Office, City Hall. Allan Campbell, Commissioner. Henry A. Gumbleton, Deputy, Robert H. Clifford, Chief Clerk. Bureau of Repairs and Supplies. Thomas Keech, Superintendent. John Sloper, Keeper of City Hall and Park, 9 City Hall. Bureau of Streets. James J. Mooney, Superintendent. Bureau of Street Improvement. George A. Jeremiah, Superintendent. Bureau of Lamps and Gas. Thomas O'Callaghan, Superintendent. Bureau of Chief Engineer of Department of Public Works. John C. Campbell. Chief Engineer. Bureau of Water Rents. Office, City Hall. John H. Chambers, Registrar. Bureau of Water Purveyor. Daniel O'Reilly, Purveyor. Bureau of Sewers. Stevenson Towle, Survey or-in-Charge. 74 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Bureau of Construction of Roads and Avenues. ;^* M. A. Kellogg, Engineer -in- Chief. Bureau of Encumbrances. Seth C. Douglass, Superintendent. DEPARTMENT OP DOCKS. Office, 119 Duane Street. Jacob A. Westervelt, President. Henry J, Dimock, ) ri Salem H. Wales, [ Commismners. Eugene T. Lynch, Secretary. George S. Greene, Jr., Engineer-in- Chief, EXCISE DEPARTMENT. Office, 299 Mulberry Street. James L. Stewart, ) William H. Stiner, [ Commissioners, D. D. T. Marshall. ) Albert G. Crowell, Chief Clerk, LAW DEPARTMENT. Office, Tryon Row. William H. Whitney, Council to the Corporation. George P. Andrews, Assistant. BUREAU OF CORPORATION ATTORNEY. Office, 115 Nassau Street. H. N. RuGGLES, Corporation Attorney. George W. Parker, and Douglas A. Levein, Jr., Assistants, BUREAU OF PUBLIC ADITIINISTRATION. Office, 115 Nassau Street. Isaac Dayton, Public Administrator. L. H. Arnold, Jr., Chief Clerk. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC PARKS. Office, 36 Union Square (East). Hon. Henry G. Stebbins, President. ^ Wm. R. Martin, David B. Williamson, f Commissi^ Joseph J. O'Donohue,' MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. 75 William. Irwin, Secretary. F. L. Olmsted, Landscape ArcJdtect. John Bogart, Siqjt. and Engineer. General G. S. Greene, Engineer of Construction. J. J, R. Croes, Civil and Topographical Engineer. Julius Munckwitz, Supt. of Parks, and Supt. and Architects E. C. Morrison, Supt. of the 2dd and 2Uh Wards. Daniel Draper, Director of the Meteorogical Observatory. Wm, A. Conklin, Director of the Menagerie. POLICE DEPARTMENT. Central Office, 300 Mulberry Street. William F. Smith, President, "1 John R. Voorhis, Treas. \ CMnmi^^ioner^ De Witt C. Wheeler, f ^^^^^*sw^^«* Joel B. Erhardt, 1 Seth C. Hawley, Chief (flerk. George W. Walling, Superintendent, BUREAU OF ELECTIONS. 300 Mulberry Street. D. B. Hasbrouck, Chief of the Biireav. BUREAU OF STREET CLEANING. 300 Mulberry Street. John Gunner, Inspectoi'. House for Detention of Witnesses. 203 Mulberry Street. Station Houses. Precinct. 1st— 54 New St. 2d— 3d— 4th— 9 Oak Street. 5th — 19 Leonard. 6th— 9 Franklin. 7th— 247 Madison. 8th— 128 Prince. 9th— 94 Charles. 10th— 89 Eldridge. 11th— Union Market. 12th— East 120th, n 4th av. 13th— 178 Delancy. 14th— 305 Mulberry. ISth— 221 Mercer. 16th— 230 West 20th St. 17th— First av., n Fifth. Precinct, 18th— 327 East 22d St. 19th— 220 East 59th St. 20th— 434 West 37th St. 21st— 120 East 35th St. 22d— 347 West 47th St. 23d— East 87th, n. av. A. 24th— Police Boat No. 1. 25th— 34 East 29th St. 26th— City Hall. 27th— 99 Liberty St. 29th— 137 West 30th St. 30th— 128th St., bet. 9th and 10th avs 31st— West 100th, n. 9th av. 32d— Tenth av. cor. W. 152d St. 33d— Town Hall, Morrisania 34th— Tremont. 35th— Kingsbridge. '76 NEW YORK AS IT IS. THE POLIICE FORCE IS AS FOLLOWS: Superintendent 1 Inspectors 3 Captains of Precincts 35 Sergeants _ 139 Patrolmen 2,261 Doormen _. 74 Total -- - 2,513 Police liife Insurance Fund. This is a Benevolent Institution for tire benefit of retired officers, widows and orphans. Police Commissioners, Trustees. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC CHARITIES AND CORRECTION. Corner of Third Avenue and 11th Street. Isaac H. Bailey, J Thomas S. Brennan, V Commissio'ners. TOWNSEND Cox, ) Joshua Phillips, Secretary to Board. The Institutions under their charge are as follows : Almshouse — Marshall Vought, Warden. Bellevue Hospital — James F. O'Rouke, Warden. Bureau of Medical and Surgical Relief— Foot East 26th Street. Centime Street Hospital — W. F. Fluhren, Surgeon. City Prison— Centre Street, cor. Franklin, John Quinn, Warden. Colored Home — Samuel Whitall, Superintendent. Colored Orphan Asylum— O. K. Hutchinson, Superintendent. Industrial School — Hart's Island ; L. Dumphy, Warde72. Infants' Hospital — Randall's Island ; J. C. Howard, Physician. Inebriate Asylum — Ward's Island ; W. L. Hardy, Physician. lAinatic Asylum for Females— Bla.ckwe\Vs Island; R. L. Parsons, Physician. Asylum for Insane Males— Ward's Island; A. E. Macdonald, Physician. Mirsery—HsindaWs Island ; H. de B. Clay, Keeper. Nursery Hospitals- John Walker, Superi7itendent. Out-door Poor Department— East 11th, cor. Third ave. ; George Kellock, Supt Penitentiary— BlackweWs Island; John M. Fox, Warden. Penitentiary Small-Pox and Charity Hospital— 1>. A. Kitchen, Chief. RandalVs /«?aw^Z— William H. Stevens, Warden. Workhouse BlackwelVs Island— J ose^ph Keen, Superintendent. New York Morgue.— Bellevue Hospital Grounds, foot 26th Street, E. R. Notice.— Persons visiting their friends at the Almshouse, Lunatic Asylum and Workhouse, go by steamboat from foot East 26th Street, at lOi a. m. The Bellevue Hospital can be visited daily, from 11 a. m. to 2 p. m. Special permits to visit the different Institutions can be obtamed at the office, 66 Third Avenue, corner 11th Street. MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. FIRE DEPARTMENT. Oflace, 127 Mercer Street. Joseph L. Perley, ) RoswELL D. Hatch, V Commissioners. Vincent C. King, ) George H. Shelden, Fire Marshall. Bureau of the Chief of Department. Eli Bates, Chief of Dept. Bureau of Combustibles. Office, 125 Mercer Street. William Terhune, Inspector Trustees of the New York Fire Department Fund. Adolphus F. Ockenhausen, President. John J. Gorman, Secretary. John S. Giles, Treasurer, 174 Canal Street. 77 DEPARTMENT OF BUILDINGS. Office, No. 2 Fourth avenue. "Walter W. Adams, Superintendent. Henry J. Dudley, Deputy Superintendent. Thomas Donaldson, Chief Clerk. BOARD OF HEALTH. Chambers, No. 43 to 51 Police Head-quarters Building, 301 Mott Street. The Board of Health, under the Statutes, has legislative powers upon sub- iects relating to Public Health. It consists of the President of the Board of Police, the Health Officer of the Port and two Commissioners of Health. The department is divided into two bureaus— Sanitary Bureau and Bureau of Vital Statistics. The officers of the Board are as follows : Charles F. Chandler, President; Dr. E. G. Janeway, the President of the Board of Police, and Dr. S. Oakley Vanderpoel, Health Officer of ths Port; Emmons Clark, Secretary ; Geo. S. Hastings, Chisf CUrk. Chiefs op Bureau— Sanitary Bureau— Dr. W. De Forest Day, Sani- tary Supt; Dr. Edward H. Janes, Assistant. Bureau of Vital Statistics Register; Dr. John T. Nagle, Deputy Register. BOARD OF EDUCATION. 150 Grand Street. This Board is composed of twenty-one Cmnmismners of Common ScTwoU, and has^e dTrectUa?gf of^^^^ the Common Schools and a general supervision over those corporate schools which participate in the school moneys of the State. WiLLL^ Wood, Esq., President, Board of Commismrwrs ; L. D. Kiernan r7Z.r^ toY KmDLE, C/% Superintendent; Norman A. Calkins, 1st Assistant; David SsTagc;.Sup^. BuiJdikgs; Alex. M. Stanton, Suvt. Truarwy; John, Dunham, Engineer. 7B NEW YORK AS IT IS. DAILY NORMAL AND HIGH SCHOOL. Fourth Avenue, cor. East Sixty-eighth Street. Thomas Hunter, President; Arthur H. Dunden, Vice-Pres.; Miss Lydia P. Wadleigh, Superintendent; Model School, Martha L. Deake, PriU' €ipal. NAUTICAL SCHOOL. ^ Ship St. Mary's, Foot East 23d Street. Egbert L. Phythian, Commander. COUNTY OFFICERS. COUNTY CLERK'S OFFICE. New County C/Ourt House, 1st floor. William Walsh, County Clerk. J. Fairfax McLaughlin, Deputy Clerk. J). L. Holmes, Asmtant Deputy Clerk. J. Henry Ford, Equity Clerk. Geo. W. Hardie, Law Clerk. Wm. Sinclair, Chambers Clerk. Peter M. Led with, Part 1, Clerk. Wm. E. Haskin, Part 2, Ckrk. Jolin Van Glahn, Part 3, Clerk. Wm. Lamb, Jr., Clerk, General Term. Edward McCue, Clerk, Special Term Stephen C. Duryea, Chief Recording Clerk. Edmund M. Plum, Clerk of Records. SHERIFF'S OFFICE. County Court House, 1st floor. William C. Conner, Sheriff. John T. Cumeng, Under Sheriff, Aaron Aarons, William Baird, Thomas F. Bourke, William H. Burns, Patrick Campbell, William H. Carroll, James Carraher, Charles H. Cooper, J. F. Cunningham, Rufus Dodge, Thomas Dunlap, Jr. James Fay, DEPUTY SHERIFFS. Dederick G. Gale, Bernard Galligan, William Henry, Martin J. Keese, Charles W. Upham, George J. Wood, Thomas Kerrigan, Mark Lanigan, Bernard Maguire Charles McNulty, Thomas McSpedon, John J. Maloney, Henry New, William H. Quincy, Peter Radley, Albert K. Rich, Harvey Scofield, Thomas Scheils, Charles E. Simms, James M. Stuart, John H. Hillier, Michael Lestrange, William Dunham, ) rsr \, William Watson, \ ^ «^*^^«, Ludlow Street Jail. COUNTY OFFICERS. 79 sheriff's jury, meet for the purpose of taking inquests, and for trial of claims, and such other business as may be brought before them, at 4 o'clock P. M., on Monday of of each week. Coroners. Office, 40 East Houston street. Henry Woltman, Richard Croker, Anthony Eickhoff, Moritz Ellin- GER, Coroners. John J. Toal, Clerk. Registrar's Office. No. 1 Hall of Records. Patrick H. Jones, Begistsr; John Y. Savage, Deputy. SURROGATE'S OFFICE. County Court House, 1st floor. Stephen D. Van Schaick, Surrogate. Cornelius Minor, Chief Clerk. Daniel G. Gillette, Probate. Peter V. Burtsell, Clerk to tJie Surrogate's Court. James J. Traynor, Administration and Guardianship Clerk. Commissioners of Accounts. Lindsay P. Howe and Joseph J. Westray. Commissioners of Jurors. OflSce, Chambers, corner Centre Street. Thomas Dunlap, Commissiomr ; Alfred J. Keenan, Assistant Commissioners of Armories and Drill Rooms. 58 East 14th Street. Sheridan Shook, Frank M. Bixby, and Charles Cowan, Commissioners. Tdcss. Commissioners. Office, New Court House, 32 Chambers Street. John Wheeler, George H. Andrews, John N. Haywood, Commissioners; Albert Storen, Secretary. deputy tax commissioners. Albert Bogart, Peter Gillespie, F. V. Ewing, John Bagler, D. M. Henri- ques, Joseph A. Lyons, Wm. D. A. Pearce, Fred. C. Wagner, David Mur- ray, Robert T. Payne, Charles H. Yallalee, Michael Coleman, Elisha J. Cald- well ; At large, Henry Bracken. Board of Assessors. Office, 19 Chatham Street. Thomas B. Aston, John M'Harg, Valentine S. Woodruff, John Mullaly, Assessors; John H. Munford, Secretary. 80 NEW YOKE AS IT IS. Commissioners of Emigration. Office, Castle Garden. George J. Forrest, Preddent; George Starr, Henry A. Hurlbut, Daniel Maujer, Geo. W. Quintard, Mayor of New York, President of the German Society, and President of the Irish Emigrant Society; H. J. Jackson, sec. , Emigrant Landing Depet, Castle Garden, H. J. Jackson, Secretary of the Com^ mismners of Emigration. Supervision of City Record. Richard J. Morrison ; office, 2 City Hall. United States Loan Commissioners. Office, 31 Nassau Street. Edward G. Thompson and Charles Ingersoll, CommissioTiers. CIVIL COURTS. For the City and County of New York. SUPREME COURT. County Court House. Noah Davis, Clmf Justice. George C. Barrett, John R. Brady, Abraham R. Lawrence, and Charles Dona- hue, Associate Justices. William Walsh, Ckrk • office. County Court House ; I, Fairfax McLaughlin, Deputy Clerk. SUPERIOR COURT. County Court House. Claudius L. Monell, Chief Justiee. Charles Y. Sanford, Hooper C. Van Vorst, Wm. E. Curtis, John Sedgwick, and Gilbert M. Spier, Judges. Thomas Boese, CUrk: office. County Court House. William Caldwell, Deputy Clerk. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS. Charles P. Daly, Chief Justice. George M. Van Hoesen, Charles H. Van Brunt, H. W. Robinson, R. L. Larreniore, and Jos. F. Tfoly , Judges. Nathaniel Jarvis, jr., Clerk- of^QQ, County Court House. Thomas H. Landon, Deputy Ckrk. NATURALIZATION BUREAU County Court House. Cn^frn'^nn^pfi''''' ""T.}^ obtained on application to the Clerks of the Court of v.irW?n^«^f'''''^r^^'^^^^'^ ^^ ^^'^ Supreme Court. The Clerks have the WanrP^rifp?l^^t?^''^n?T'^ "^^^ ^^'^ applicants for Naturalization must in every instance go before the Clerk before appearing in Court. N. Jartis, jr., Clerk of Court of Common Pleas. Thos. Boese, Clerk of the Superior Court. CIVIL COURTS. 81 JUSTICES OF THE DISTRICT^ COURTS. 1.— Second, Third and Fifth Wards— John Callahan, Justice. 2.— Fourth, Sixth and Fourteenth Wards— Charles McClancy, Justice. 3.— Eighth, Ninth and Fifteenth Wards— George W. Parker, Justice. 4. — Tenth and Seventeenth Wards— John A. Dinkel, Justice. 5._Seventh, EleventhandThirteenthWards— Timothy J. Campbell, Justice. 6.— Eighteenth and Twenty-first Wards— William H. Kelly, Justice. 7.— Nineteenth and Twenty-second Wards— Walter S. Pinckney, Justice. 8. — Sixteenth and Twentieth Wards— Fred. G. Gedney, Justice. 9. —Twelfth Ward— Henry F. McGowan, Justice. 10.— Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth Wards (Fordham)— John Flana- gan, Justice. CRIMINAL COURT Of the City and County of New York. Court of Oyer and Terminer, held by a Justice of the Supreme Court at the City Hall. The following are the Terms appointed by the Justices for the year 1876 : February Term, 1876, Justice Barrett assigned. November Term, 1876, Justices Brady and Davis assigned. The Terms commence on the first Monday of the Months above designated, and may be continued at the discretion of the Justices, by adjournment. Court of General Sessions of the Peace. — Tw^o branches of the Court are held on the first Monday of each month in the Court House, 83 Chamber street. John K. Hackett, Recorder of the City and County of New York and Pres- iding Justice of the Sessions. Chambers, 317 Broadw^ay, JosiAH Sutherland, City Judge. Chambers, 99 Nassau street. Henry A. Gildersleeve, Judge of the said Court. Chambers, 99 Nassau street. John Sparks, Clerk of the Courts of Oyer and Terminer and General Sessions of the Peace. Office, 32 Chambers street. Edward J. Hall, Deputy Clerk. I Charles E. Wendt, Interpreter. William C. Stewart, Assistant Clerk. \ William Anderson, Stenographer. DISTRICT ATTORNEY'S OFFICE, 32 Chambers Street. Benjamin K. Phelps, District Attorney, City and County of New^ York. Assistants — Daniel G. Rollins, George W. Lyon, Joseph Bell, Horace Russell, William Herring. Moses P. Clark, Chief Clerk of Office. MARINE COURT, 32 Chambers Street (Old Court House), and 27 Chambers Street. This Court is held daily (except Sundays), and its jurisdiction has been in- creased lately to $2,000, and has been made a Court of record. It was organized in 1813 to try marine cases. George Shea, Chief Justice. James B. Sheridan, Charles Goepp, Jas. P. Sinnot, Henry Alker, David McAdam, Justices. John D. Coughlin, Clerk. J. Howard Wood, Deputy Clerk. 82 NEW YORK AS IT IS. COURT OF SPECIAL SESSIONS, For the trial of criminal cases. Room in the " Tombs," on Centre Street. Butler H. Bixby, President. Charles A. Flammcr, George E. Kasmire, James T. Kilbreth, Bankson T. Morgan Henry Murray, Marcus Ottcnbourg, F. Sherman Smith, Thomas D, Shemood. Benj. C. Wandell, N. K. Wheeler, Justices. Robert H. Johnson. Clerk. Merwin N. Jones, Deputy Clerk. POLICE COURTS. First District— kX the "Tombs," corner Centre and Franklin streets. Butler H. Bixby an*! Chas. A. Flammer, Judges. Second District.— l'^ Washington place. Bankson T. Morgan and James T. Kilbreth, Judges. Third District.— m Essex street. George E. Kasmire and Marcus Otterbourg, Fourth District.— \^\ East 57th street. Patrick G. Duffy and Henry Murray, Fifth District.— 12Z East 125th street. Benjamin C. Wandell and F. Sherman Smith, Judges. Sixth District.— (FoTdham,) 24th Ward. Nelson K. Wheeler, Judge. B. H. Bixby, President. George W. Cooney, Secretary, 18 Washington place. Police Justices. The Board, by resolutions, made the following assignments of Police Jus- tices to preside at the Court of Special Sessions during the ensuing year. January. — Justices Smith, Wheeler and Otterbourg. February. — Justices Flammer, Duffy and Wandell. March. — Justices Kilbreth, Smith and Murray. April. — Justices Wheeler, Wandell and Murray. May. — Justices Murray, Morgan and Otterbourg. June.— Justices Bixby, Kilbreth and Wandell. July. — Justices Morgan, Wheeler and Smith. August. — Justices Duffy, Kasmire and Murray, September. — Justices Otterbourg, Bixby and Morgan. October. — Justices Kasmire, Kilbreth and Flammer. November. — Justices Wandell, Murray and Morgan. December. — Justices Flammer, Duffy and Kasmire. A resolution was carried that the Police Justices rotate on the 1st of May next to the several Police Courts in the city, for four months each, and that no Justice sit at one Court twice in succession. CITY RECORD. No. 2 City Hall. M. J. Farrell, Supervisor. ETC. 83 COURT OF ARBITRATION OF THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. No. 63 William street. Enoch L. Fancher, Arbitrator. George Wilson, Clerk. HARBOR MASTERS. Edmund B. Seaman, Captain of tJie Port ; J. M. Thompson, Samuel Duncan, Edward G. Tinker, Eugene Frost, John W. Tyler, F. R. Tucker, John W. Downing, Jos. L. Brosens, John Johnson, John Maginn and Henry W. Johnson. COMMISSIONERS OF QUARANTINE. Office No. 2 Exchange Court. W. L. B. Steaks, Presiden t; David W. Judd, James McQuade, Commissioners; Theo. E. Leeds, Secretary. PILOT COMMISSIONERS, &C. Board of Commissioners of Pilots, Office 40 Burling slip, where application can "be made for New York Sandy Hook Pilots. — Robert L. Taylor, Ambrose Snow, George W. Blunt and Wm. C. Thompson, Commissioners. JVew Jersey Pilots, office 104 South street. JBkll Gate Pilots, office 23 Coenties slip. Sound Pilots, office 89 South street. PORT WARDEN, Office, 77 Front Street. Horatio S. Brown, President ; H. M. Janes, Wm. H. Leaycraf t, Theo. F. C. Petra'^ch, Robert S. Dumont, Geo. C. Burdett, John Sherry, Henry Waterman, and H. L. Robinson ; Samuel L. Kennedy, Secretary ; George B. Q^Wti^, Collector. BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS FOR LICENSING SAILORS' BOARDING HOUSES. George W. Blunt, President ; J. K. Myers, N. Briggs, N. D. Wells and C. C Duncan, Commissioners ; D. A. Nash, Secretary. BOARD OF PHARMACY. Office, 20 University Building. William Neerguard, President; Theobald Trohwein, Secretary. UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT southern district op new YORK. Rooms in Post Office Building. Jurisdiction extends over Ihe Counties of New York, Westchester, Rockland, Orange, Putnam Dutchess, Columbia, Greene, Ulster and Sullivan. Ward Hunt, Associate Justice of the IF. S. Supreme Court and Judge of the Circuit Court. Louis B. Woodruff, Circuit Judge. Kenneth G. White, Clerk. 84 NEW YORK AS IT IS. UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT, SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK. OFFICERS, &C. Samuel Blatckfohb, Judge; George T. Belts, Clerk. General Term.— First Tuesday in every month. Special Term.—E\erj Tuesday for return of process. George Bliss, jr., tf. States District Attorney ; Oli\t:r Fiske, U. States Marshal. Eastern District of New York: Counties of Kings, Queens, Suffolk, Rich- mond and the AYaters of the City and County of N. York. District and Circuit Courts held in Brooklyn on 1st Wednesday of each month. Charles L. Benedict, Judge; Asa W. Tenney, District Attorney; Samuel R. Harlow, U. States Marshal. LIST OF OFFICL\LS IN BANKRUPTCY. Samuel Blatchford, Judge; George F. Betts, C lerk; A. C. Wilmarth, Ckrk in charge of Bankruptcy OflSce ; Oliver Fiske, Marshal. REGISTRARS. Isaiah T. Willl\ms, 4 Warren St.; John Fitch, 345 Broadway; Isaac Dayton, 322 Broadway; Henry W. Allen, 152 Broadway; James F. Dwight, 7 Beekman st; Edgar Ketchum, 99 Nassau st. HEALTH STATISTICS— BIRTHS, DEATHS, MARRIAGES, AC, 1875. AaTAL STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR. Thefolloicing table sJwws the number of deaths, still-births, marriages and births for the year 1875: Still- Mar- Deaths, births. rlages. Births. January 2,763 185 583 2,100 February 2.420 187 579 1,888 March 2,672 200 489 2,209 April 2,415 198 724 1,927 May 2,403 199 736 1,670 June 2,243 182 677 1,922 July 3,631 180 649 2,046 August 2,968 178 518 2,086 September 2,639 156 620 1,976 October 2,175 179 710 1,996 November 2,033 185 732 1,952 December 2,228 211 548 2,041 Totals 30,590 2,240 9,565 23,813 The following table gives the nwrtality frora the principal diseases for the past two years, with other information of an interesting character : 1874. 1875. Small-pox 484 1,265 Measles 319 I6.3 Scarlatma §79 504 Diphtheria ! ■!!!■"!■!";!■!;!!!;■!!.■!■■■■■'!!■■ 1,665 2,310 Croup. 594 765 Whooping-cough 439 4O3 Typhus and Typhoid fever 293 363 Puerperal diseases 315 363 HEALTH STATISTICS, ETC 85 1874. Biarrhoeal diseases, all ages 3,569 Diarrhoeal diseases, under five years 3,190 Alcoholism 227 Cancer 416 Phthisis pulmonalis (Consumption) 4,034 Bronchitis 1,065 Pneumonia 2,398 Heart diseases 973 Marasmus and tabes mesenterica, hydrocephalus, &c 627 Convulsions 671 Meningitis 563 Direct effect of solar heat 19 All d seases of the brain and nervous system 2,451 Brijihfs disease 827 Deaths by violence and accidents 1,008 Deaths by suicide 180 Deaths by drowning 174 Deaths of children under one year 8,279 Deaths of children under five years 13,956 1875. 3,716 3,357 167 409 4.154 1.106 2,775 1,095 595 666 700 19 2,350 1,084 1,177 152 178 7,503 14,806 The follotcing table sJioics the classification of the whole number of Deaths for the past two years : 1874. 1875. Zymotic diseases 9.802 10.868 Constitutional diseases 6,023 6.072 Local diseases 9,987 10,711 Developmental diseases 1,667 1,736 Deaths by violence 1,248 1,203 Total 28,727 30,590 The Death Rate for 1875, taking the Population at 1,060,000, is equal to 28.86 per 1,000. Wards. NEW YORK CITY.— State Census, 1875. Showing the Population and Deaths by Wards. Popula- tion. 14,209 1,013 2,878 20,843 15,966 19,880 45,656 32,488 49,417 41,777 63,874 59,029 34,028 26,471 Deaths, 1875. 473 45 75 623 414 672 1,217 950 1,239 1,192 1,983 *2,118 875 753 Wards. Popla- tion. Deaths 1875. 15 25,543 476 16 48.253 983 17 101,094 2,486 18 61,207 1,383 19 117,835 t5,105 20 79,671 58,883 2,169 21 2.101 22 83,549 2,459 23 24,331 628 24 11,875 281 Asvlums, Penal Institu- tions, &c Total 6,267 — 1,016,037 30,709 * Includes the deaths on Ward's and Randall Island. t Including deaths on Blackweira Island. SQ NEW YORK AS IT IS. Table slwioing the Debt and Taxes of New York City for every Five Years since 1800. P5 Valuation of Property. Tax per rrl Population. Head op Debt. >^ REAL AND PER- SONAL ESTATE, TAX LEVT. Populat'n 1800 1805 1810 1815 1820 1825 1830 60,489 $25,645,868 25,486,370 81,636,042 69,517,683 101,194,546 125,288,518 $127,094 87 129,727 15 361 285 46 96,373 $1 35 339,891 94 386,448 85 509,178 44 123,706 166,089 202,589 2 75 2 33 2 51 Dec. 31, $774,555 66 1835 218,723,703 965,502 94 270,068 8 58 902,534 8a 1840 253,233,517 1,354,845 29 312,852 4 33 10,775,385 84 1845' 239,995,517 2,096,191 18 371,223 5 65 13,629,581 22 1850 286,161,816 3,230,085 02 515,394 6 27 12,204,176 28 1855 486,998,278 5,843,832 89 629,810 9 28 15,024,418 d9> 1860 576,631,706 9,758,507 86 814,254 11 99 18,901,440 54 1865! 608.827,855 1870 1,047,388,449 18 202,858 00 35,973,597 11 23,566,240 00 942,292 25 11 73,373,552 0^ 1871 ;1, 076,253,633 1872 1 104 098 087 23 361 674 00 88,369,386 90 32 035,480 00 95,582,153 09 18731,129,139,623 1874 1 1 54 029 1 76 28,230,996 00 106,363,471 07 32,312,816 92 114,979.969 99 1875 1,100,943,699 32,367,744 75 1,046,037 32 00 116,773,824 09 REMARKS. The Debt of New York City is about one hundred and fifteen dollars of debt to everj^ man, woman and child. The rate of Taxation has increased from one-half of one per cent, in 1805 to two and 7iine-tenths per cent, in 1875. The amount of Tax now to each inhabitant is $30, while in 1810, sixty-five years ago, it was only $1.35 — being now nearly twenty four times as much as then. While the property in 1810 was $264 to each inhabitant, now it is $1,154, or about four times what it was then. In other words, the taxes have increased six times as fast as the property. Notwithstanding the enormous taxation, the debt has increased from $3.82 to each inhabitant, to $114.98 in the last forty-five years. From 1865 to 1875 the debt has grown from thirty-five millions to one hundred and twenty millionsv The rate of taxation per $100 ia $2.94. Tax Levy for 1876. The Board of Estimate and Apportionment decided to fix the financial budget for 1876 at $30,904,395.64, after deducting the sum of $4,000,000, which it was estimated, would be the revenue from the general fund. PUBLIC CHARITIES. 87 PUBLIC CHARITIES— 1876. ^ Amounts allowed to certain Charities from the excise moneys. The following list as those best entitled to share in the award, and the amount which should be given to each, was submitted by the Comptroller. This list was agreed upon : DISPENSARIES. Name. Allowance for 1876. 1 _ _ New York Dispensary $1 , 285 53 2 . . Demilt Dispensary 1 ,097 32 3- -Eastern Dispensary _ 1,020 42 4- -North-Eastern Dispensary 968 15 5- -German Dispensary 1,039 92 6- -North-Western Dispensary 986 40 7- -Northern Dispensary 994 44 8- - Yorkville Dispensary 953 53 9.. Harlem Dispensary 387 00 10 -.West Side German Dispensary 351 90 11.. Western Homoeopathic Dispensary. 756 96 12. -Tompkin's Square Horn. Dispensary 620 10 13. -N. Y. Hom. Medical College Dispensary 458 01 14. -North-Eastern Homoeopathic Dispensary 432 96 15- -Yorkville Homoeopathic Dispensary 112 16 16 . - N. Y. Free Dispensary for Sick Children 388 64 17- -Metropolitan Throat Hospital 276 00 18-. N. Y. Dis. for Diseases of Throat and Chest 631 80 HOMES AND ASYLUMS. 1-. Asylum of the Sisters of St. Dominic... .$3,925 00 2-. Five Points House of Industry 1,425 00 3.. Institution of Mercy 3,922 00 4.. St. Joseph's Industrial Home for Destitute Children 2,550 00 5.. Home for Aged (in charge of Little Sisters of the Poor)... 2,220 00 6_-St. Joseph's Home for the Aged 2,190 00 7.-The Sheltering Arms __ 2,025 00 8- -Association for Befriending Children and Young Girls 1,500 00 9 -.Home for Aged and Intirm Hebrews 1,043 90 10. .St. Vincent's Home for Boys 1,275 00 11.. Chapin Home for Aged and Infirm... _ 1,000 00 12.. St. Vincent's Industrial Home (for Girls) 960 00 13. -Samaritan Home for the Aged _ 900 00 14- .St. Barnabas' House 750 00 15. .Home for Incurables 700 00 16. -Home for Old Men and Aged Couples . 480 00 17.. Home of Rest for Consumptives... 400 00 18- -New York Asylum for Lying-in Women. 1,225 00 19- -St. Stephen's Home for Children 800 00 20- -Home for Fallen and Friendless Girls- 3,300 00 21_.St. Luke's Home for Indigent Christian Females.. 1,300 00 HOSPITxVLS. 1 . - St. Francis Hospital $3, 168 75 2 - - New York Orthopaedic Dispensary 2, 280 00 NEW YORK AS IT IS. 3. -St Vincent's Hospital 1,890 00 4 -Mt. Sinai Hospital .-- 1,348 60 5.-St. Luke's Hospital - 1,130 40 6 New York Medical College and Hospital for Women 543 40 7-. German Hospital. -- - C90 00 8-. St. Elizabeth's Hospital--.. -- - 700 00 9. -St. Mary's Free Hospital for Children 200 00 INFIRMARIES. l.-New York Ophthalmic and Aural Institute $1,545 20 2 - -New York Eye and Ear Inlirmary - 2,047 20 3- -N. Y. Infirmary for Women and Children 1,034 80 4. -West Side Infirmary for Diseases of the Eye and Throat. 171 80 5- -Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital _ 643 60 6. .New York Ear Dispensary- - - - t 318 00 7. -New York Ophthalmic Hospital - 779 60 ORPHAN ASYLUMS. l.-Associationfor the Benefit of Colored Orphans $1,375 00 2. .Asylum of St. Vincent de Paul 650 00 3.. Orphans' Home and Asylum of the P. E. Church _ 750 00 4.. St. Joseph's Asylum ._ 990 00 5 _ .Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum 6,095 00 CHARITABLE SOCIETIES AND MISSIONS. 1 . - The Church Mission to Deaf Mutes - $450 00 2..Five Points Mission _. 1,633 75 3. -Howard Mission _ 1,000 00 4 -.Ladies' Union Relief Association for Care of Disabled Soldiers and their Families..- .__ 4,200 00 5. -Ladies' Society for the Support of Widows and Or- phans 1,250 00 6. .New York Diet Kitchen 1,314 00 7 -.New York Female Assistance Society for the Relief of theSickPoor.. .._ 1,125 00 8. .New York Free Medical College for Women 438 25 9. .Prison Association of New York 3,267 00 10.. St. Johns' Guild-- 3,000 00 11. -Society for the Relief of Destitute Children of Sea- men 855 00 12-_Society for the Relief of the Destitute Blind (home for the blind) __ I^OOO 00 13.. Society of St. Vincent de Paul of the City of New .. r^^P^y - --- 2,859 00 14. .Trammg School for Nurses. 800 00 15.. United Hebrew Charities of the City of New York 2,065 50 16. .Wilson Industrial School and Mission 350 00 17.. Woman's Aid Society and Home for Training Young 1ft w^''^'v-f>-"---r— ." - -— - 300 00 18-- Women s Prison Association 450 00 Total _ $100,908 69 PART IV. COLLEGES, ACADEMIES AND SCHOOLS. COLUMBIA COLLEGE. {Formerly King's College.) This venerable Institution of learning is now located on East Forty-ninth Street, between Madison and Fourth Avenues. Historical Sketch. — "The establishment of a College in the City of New York (during Colonial times), was many j'ears in agitation before the design was car- ried into effect. At length, under an Act of Assembly, passed in December, 1746, and other similar acts which followed, moneys were raised by public lot- tery "for the encouragement of learning, and towards the founding a College" within the Colony. These moneys were, in November, 1751, vested in trustees, ten in number, of whom seven were members of the Church of England, and some of these seven were also vestrymen of Trinity Church. "These circumstances, together with the liberal grant of land to the College by Trinity Church, excited apprehensions of a design to introduce a church- establishment within the province, and caused violent opposition to the plan, as soon as it became known, of obtaining a royal charter for the College. This opposition, however, being at last in a great measure surmounted, the charter w^as granted on the 31st of October, 1754; from which period the existence of the College is properly to be dated. " The College building was first erected on Park Place, west of Broadway, bounded by Broadway, Church and IMurray Streets, and by the Hudson River, and known as King's College. In 1760 the College buildings began to be occu- pied, and these stood for one hundred and three years, until its removal to another site, in 1857, occasioned by the demands of the business of the city, " Since the passing of the charter, the institution hath received great emolu- ments by grants from his most gracious majesty King George the Third, and liberal contributions from many of the nobility and gentry in the parent coun- try, from the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, and from several public-spirited gentlemen in America and elsewhere. By means of these and other benefactions, the governors of the College have been enabled to extend their plan of education, herein being taught, by proper masters and pro- fessors — Divinity Natural Law, Physic, Logic, Ethics, Metaphysics, Mathe- 90 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. matics. Natural Philosophy, Astronomy, Geography, History, Chronology, Rhetoric, Hebrew, Greek, Latin, Modern Languages, the Belles-Lettres, and whatever else of literature may tend to accomplish the pupils as scholars and gentlemen." Present Organization of the College. DEPARTMENTS OP INSTRUCTION. 1, — The Greek Language and Literature. 2. — The German Language and Literature. 3. — Chemistry. 4. — Mathematics and Astronomy. 5. — Mathematics. 6. — Philosophy, History, Political Economy and Belles-Lettres. 7. — Physics. 8. — Latin Language and Literature. 9. — Botany. SCHOOL OF MINES. The Faculty of the School of Mines consists of the President of the College,, and the Professors of Mineralogy and Metallurgy, of Mining Engineering, and of Chemistry, and such other Professors as may hereafter be assigned by the Trustees. The School of Mines was established in 1864, for the purpose of furnishing students the means of acquiring a thorough knowledge of those branches of science which form the basis of the industrial pursuits. The system of instruction includes five parallel courses of study, viz : — 1. — Civil Engineering. 2. — Mining Engineering. 3.— Metallurgy. 4. — Geology and Natural History. 5.— Analytical and Applied Chemistry. In this Department there are now 201 students. SCHOOL OP LAW. The President of the College and Professors engaged in the institution in the Law School shall constitute the Law Faculty. In this department there are 523 Students. SCHOOL OP MEDICINE. The College of Physicians and Surgeons in the City of New York constitute the Medical School of Columbia College. Alonzo Clark, M. D., President. In this Department there are 452 students. Officers of the college, 1875-76. They consist of a Board of twenty-three Trustees and the following Com- mittees : ° STANDING COMMITTEE. Gouverneur M. Ogden, Chairman, Wm. C. Schermerhorn, William Betts. LL. D. , Anthony H alsey, Charles R. Swords, Joseph W. Harper, Lewis M. Rutherford. COLLEGES, ACADEMIES, ETC. 91 COMMITTEE ON THE LIBRARY. Fred. A. P. Barnard, S.T.D., LL.D., Evert A. Duyckinck, Benj. S. Haight, S.T.D., LL.D., James W. Beekman, Beverly R, Betts, Clerk. Officers of instruction and government. Fred. A. P. Barnard, S.T.D., LLD., President. Alonzo Clark, M. D., President of the School of Medicine. Andrew J. Anderson, M.D., LL.D., Prof, of Math, and Astronomy. Henry Drisler, LL.D., Prof, of Greek Language and Literature. Henry I. Schmidt, S.T.D., Prof, of German Language, &c. Cornelius R. Dufle, S.T.D., Chaplain. Charles A. Joy, Ph. D., Prof, of Chemistry. Charles Davies, LL.D., Prof, of Higher Mathematics. "William G. Peck, LL.D., Prof, of Mathematics, Astronomy, .I>., L H. Tuttle, D.D., R. M. Abercrombie, 98 NEW YORK AS IT IS. D.D., A. B. Beach, D.D., C. H. Hall, D.D., and G. H. Houghton, D.D., and Messrs. C. Curtiss, J. C. Garthwaite, A. B. McDonald, S. V. Hoffman, C. Livingston, G. M. Miller, H. Drisler, LL.D., J. A. King, and O. Meads, LL.D. The Rev. George F. Sey^iour, D.D., Dea7i. The Rev. Samuel Buel, D.D., Librarian. Number of students in 1875, 68. Number of the Alumni, 825, of whom 153 are deceased. The whole number of students matriculated since 1823, is 1,171. Prior to that date, about 20 had been admitted. Total, 1,191. Volumes in the Library, about 15,000. The Seminary opens on the first Monday in October, and closes on the Satur- day next succeeding the Commencement. Trustees meet Thursday, June 29. Commencement Friday, June 30. COLLEGE OF ST. FRANCIS XAVIER, No. 49 West 15th street. This Institution, incorporated in 1801, with the privileges of a University, is conducted by the Fathers of the Society of Jesus. It is a day College, affording the two-fold advantage of a complete collegiate and commercial education. . There are five distinct departments, the Post-graduate, Under-graduate, Grammar, Commercial, and the Preparatory. The Collegiate Course of Studies embraces the Greek, Latin, English, French or German Languages, Rhetoric, Poetry, Elocution, Histoay, Geography, Myth- ology, a complete course of Mathematics, Chemistry, Natural, Intellectual and Moral Philosophy. The present number of students is between 400 and 500. It has no endow- ment ; it is supported by the yearly fee of $G0 for each student. II. HuDON, President. ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE. This Institution is situateed at Fordham, in the 24th Ward of the City of New York. It is under the direction of the Fathers of the Society of Jesus. Rev. F, Wm. Gockei.n, S.J., President. The higher branches of education are taught by eminent professors and teachers. The following Fathers devote themselves in a special manner to the work of missions: Rev. V. Beaudevin, S.J., and Rev. M. Flynn, S.J. Every facihty for gentlemen of the clergy and laity to make private retreats. ST. LOUIS SELECT FRENCH COLLEGE. 228 and 280 West Forty-second street. This Institution is under the direction of the Rev. Fathers of Mercy, Rev. M. Ron AY, President, with a corps of twelve lay professors. MANHATTAN COLLEGE. Grand Boulevard and 132d street, Manhattanville. Under the direction of the Christian Brothers; Brother Paulian, President; Brother Anthony, Director. American tract society. 99 EUTGERS FEMALE INSTITUTE, Incorporated in the year 1839, and first located in the Seventh Ward of the City. After a very successful career, with the growth of the City, a change was made to its present site, opposite the Reservoir, on Fifth Avenue, where it occu- pies buildings among the most conspicuous in the city. On April 11th, 1867, by Act of the Legislature, the name was changed to the Rutgers Female Col- lege, which put it on the same footing as our male colleges throughout the land, and gives the right to confer equal degrees. Besides the Collegiate Depart- ment, there are the Academic and Elementar .' Departments, in which pupils are prepared for the College, It has an average attendance of 150 students per an- num. Those in the Collegiate Department receive a thorough classical course. It has also a fine Library of 5,000 volumes, and Laboratory with first-class chem- ical apparatus. Its rooms are large, well-ventilated, and arranged for the com- plete comfort of the students. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Rev. Thos, D. Anderson, Edward Hale, M.D,, President of the Board. J, Irving Burns, Secretary and Treasurer. Everett Clapp, J. B, Tallman, B. F, Martin, S, T. D., Wm. R. Beal, Daniel T. Stevens, Rev. Lyman Cobb, jr., D. L. Sturges. FACULTY. Rev. Thos. D, Anderson, President and Professor of Moral Philosophy. Benjamin F. Martin, S.T.D., Professor of Mental Philosophy. Albert H. Gallatin, Professor of Chemistry. Daniel S. Martin, A.M., Professor of Geology and Natural Science. Erastus Everett, A.M., Professor of Latin and Greek Language. Miss Adeline W. Earless, Principal and Instructor in History. Miss Mary E. Oley, Mathematics. Miss Blandina Conant, English Literature and Rhetoric. Mile. Louise F. Rostan, Modern Language and Literature. Miss Lizzie M. Burns, Department of Fine Arts. Miss Florence Hill, Instrumental Music. Miss Olivia J. Burns, Academic Department. AMERICAN TRACT SOCIETY. 150 Nassau Street. This Society was organized May 10, 1825. S. V. S. Wilder, Esq., being elected President, and a full Board of otficers, among wiiom were Rev. William A. Hallock, D.D., Secretary, Moses Allen, Esq., Treasurer, and Rev. Howard Malcolm, Director, now the sole survivors of the first Board, and all of whom continue to be identified with the Society. Its list of members and directors embraces over 31,000 names, including mem- bers from all evangelical denominations. It has issued, exclusive of periodicals, 9,679 distinct publications, of which 1,733 are volumes. Of these 4,055, includ- ing 599 volumes, are issued by the Society's aid at Foreign Mission stations, the common salvation being thus printed in 143 languages or dialects. It has printed 523,097,338 copies of publications, including 164,379,000 of periodicals and 27,035,026 volumes. 100 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Its total receipts have been $13,597,589.63, of which $4,328,095.44 were from donations and legacies, $8,957,219.50 were from sales, and $312,274.69 were from rents. . , . , -r^ . ^.r- • 4. It has made cash appropriations in aid of the Foreign Mission press amount- ing to $566,637.50, and o-ranted publications to the value of $1,671,800. It has performed 4,938 years of missionary colportage, employing about 5,000 men whose record shows 10,503,696 volumes sold; 2.780,066 volumes granted; 376,298 reliffious meetings held or addressed; 11,495,780 family visits made; 6,258,070 fanfilies conversed with on personal religion, or prayed with; 1,568,495 Protest- ant families visited who habitually neglect to attend evangelical preaching; 919,846 families of Roman Catholics visited; 579,510 Protestant families desti- tute of the Bible; and 953,633 families destitute of all religious books except the Bible. OFFICERS FOR 1875-76, Hon. William Strong, L.L.D., Philadelphia, President. Rev J. M. Stevekson, D.D., Corresponding Secretnry. Rev. W. W. Rand, Publishing Secretary. Rev. G. L. Shearer, Financial Secretary. O. R. Kingsley, Treasurer. MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS. Bellevue Hospital Medical College, foot E. Twenty-sixth street. Isaac E. Taylor, President; Austin Flint, jr.. Secretary. College of Pharmacy of the City of New Tork. Paul Balluff, President. Stated meetings, third Thursday of each month, at Is ew York University. Eclectic Medical College, 223 E. Twenty-sixth street. Alexander Wilder, President; Robert S. Newton, Secretary. Homceepathic Medical College, Third avenue, cor. E. Twenty-third street. J. AY. Dowliug, Dean; E". S. Bradford, Secretary. Neurological Society.— Wm. A. Hammond, President. Meets first Monday in each month (except July and August), at 101 E. Twenty-third street. New York Academy of Medicine.— Samuel S. Purssel, President. Meets at 12 W. 31st street. New York College of Dentistry, 245 E. Stephen D. Main, President. New York College of Veterinary Surgeons, 205 Lexington avenue. A. F. Laint ard, Sii rgeo n. New York Free College for Women, 51 St. Mark's place. Mrs. Hester Pendleton, President. New York Medical College and Hospital for Women, 187 Second avenue. Mrs. R. B. Connolly, President. New York Medical and Surgical Society.— Charles M. Allen, M. D., Presi- dent; Thomas T. Sabine, M. D., Secretary. New York Pathological Society, 101 E. Twenty-third street. George F. bhrody. Secretary. Meets second and fourth Wednesdays of each month. New York Society of Neurology, &c., 101 E. Twenty-third street. Mere- dith Clymer, President. Meets third Monday of each month. University Medical College, 426 E. Twenty-sixth street. Alfred C. Post, President; Charles Inslee Pardee, Secretary. PART V. ART, LITERARY, SCIENTIFIC AND MISCELLANEOUS SOCIETIES— LIBRARIES, ETC. METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART. No. 128 West Fourteenth Street. The movement which resulted in the establishment of the jMuseum of Akt was initiated at a public meeting for a consultation on this subject, held on the 23d day of November, 1869, when a Special Committee of fifty w^as appointed. The number of this Committee was increased, and the gentlemen organized the Association substantially as it exists at present. On the 18th of April, 1870, the Legislature of the State of New York granted an Act of Incorporation to this body, by the name of "The Metropolitan Museum of Art," to be located in the City of New York, "for the purpose of establishing and maintaining in said City a Museum and Library of Art, of encouraging and developing the Study of the Fine Arts, and the application of Art to manufacture and natural life, of advancing the general knowledge of kindred subjects, and to that end of furnishing popular instruction and recreation." In 1871 an Act was passed by the Legislature of New York, authorizing the Department of Parks to raise $500,000, for the erection of a building to receive the collections of the Museum, in accordance with which a fire-proof building is now being constructed in Central Park, and, it is expected, will be ready for occupation in about two years. A Collection of interesting Works of Art, presented and belonging to the Museum, of the aggregate value of $350,000, are now on exhibition at the Douglas Mansion, 128 West Fourteenth street. The Loan Collection, consisting of fine Statuary, ancient and modern Paint- ings, Ceramics, Porcelains, Enamels, Carvings, Arms, Armor, &c., &c., has proved a great success. Numerous objects of value are being constantly otiered, and important additions are expected to be placed at the disposal of the Trustees, so soon as the new building in the Central Park shall be ready for occupation. In order to extend the educational influence of these and other Collections, the Trustees have bestowed free admissions to the Museum, on the Art Students of the National Academy of Design, and Cooper Institute, which privileges have been largely availed of by them. Subscribers are divided into four classes: those contributing at one time $1,000 and upwards become Patrons in Perpetuity; $500, Fellows in Perpetuity; $200, Fellows for Life; Annual Members have recently been added. On pay- ment of a yearly subscription of $10, the Annual Member is entitled to invitations to all Receptions given by the Officers of the Museum, and to a ticket admitting two persons, which may be used by any member of his family, or by friends (non- residents), who may be visiting him. All Annual Subscriptions paid prior to Jan. 1st, 1876, will expire 31st December, 1876. 102 NEW YORK AS IT IS. OFFICERS OF THE MUSEUM. (For the year ending May, 1876.) John Taylor Johnston, President. William C. Prime, Vice-President. F. W. Rhinelander, Treasurer. WiLLiAii J. HoppiN, Secretary. Thomas Blaj^d, Assistant Secretary. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF DESIGN. Twenty-third Street, corner Fourth Avenue. This building was finished and opened in 1865, at a cost of about $150,000, Its peculiar style of architecture, copied from a building on the Rialto, in Venice, makes it an object of interest to all strangers. In it are held, twice a 3^ear, exhibitions of the works of the artists of the National Academy of Design, at which time the building is open to all visitors. OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL ACADE^^IY OF DESIGN 1876. WoRTHiNGTON Whittredge, President. Eastman Johnson, Viee-P'esident. T. Addison Richards, Corresponding Secretary. Alfred Jones, Becwdiiig Secretary. E. D. E. Greene, Treasurer. COOPER UNION. FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND ART. This noble Institution, founded by the munificence of Peter Cooper, Esq.,. issued its sixteenth annual report in May, 1875. The following is an extract r "The reports of the various departments of the Cooper Union show progress, enlarged facilities and- increased usefulness as the result of that wise forecast and economy with which this Institution has been administered. After six- teen years of thoughtful and laborious administration, the trustees, officers and teachers, ought to ^eel gratified that the Cooper Union holds no second place among those Institutions devoted to the ' Advancement of Practical Science and Industrial Art.' " The total list of pupils, male and female, amounted to upwards of 2,800 — a greater number than any previous year. There are connected with the Insti- tution two Schools of Art, one for males and one for females, and a School of Science — all presided over by competent instructors. In April last 425 certifi- cates of merit were awarded" to 425 scholars. The Exhibition and Commence- ment is held in May of each year. officers for 1876. Peter Cooper, President. Wilson G. Hunt, Treasurer. Abram S. Hewitt, Secretary. Trustees.— Feter Cooper, Daniel F. Tieman, John E. Parsons, Wilson G. Hunt, Edward Cooper and Abram S. Hewitt. J. C. Zachos, Curator. The Free Reading Moom and Library connected with the' Cooper Union is open to both sexes from 8 A. M. to 10 P.M. cool 1 K I MO^-H(.IIlII SlKFEl HISTORICAL SOCIETY AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 103 NEW YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY. Building, Second avenue, corner of Eleventh street. This Institution, the just pride of the City, was founded in 1804. It now occupies a fine edifice on Second avenue, near St. Mark's Church. It has a very valuable Library (open to members for consultation only), ^ and a fine Art Gallery. The Society owns and has on exhibition, in its building, the Bryan Collection of Egyptian Curiosities and the Crawford Marbles. The rooms are not open to the general public, but strangers can visit by obtaining a note of introduction from a member of the Society. OFFICERS FOR 1876. Frederick De Peyster, LL.D., President. William Cullen Bryant, LL.D., 1st Vice-President James W. Beekman, Esq., M Vice-Pt^esident. William J. Hoppin, Foreign Corresponding Secretary. Evert A. Duyckinck, Domestic " " Andrew Warner, Recording Secretary. Benj. H. Field, Treasurer. George H. Moore, Librarian. GENERAL SOCIETY OF MECHANICS AND TRADESMEN OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK— Rooms, 472 Broadway. This venerable Institution, founded in 1785, is thus alluded to in an inaugural address in 1875, ninety years after it was first established. " Our position among the great associations of to-day is well defined. The little organization of 1785 has become a great power in our Metropolitan society of 1875. Its prosperity has kept pace with the marvelous growth of our great City. Its efficiency, though not so great as we hope for at a future day, is a subject of congratula- tion. Its system of instruction by classes, aided by those powerful adjuncts of education, the Public Library and Public Lectures, is comprehensive enough to be in keeping with the spirit of the age. Recognizing the relations of skilled handicraft to the prosperity of a nation, our Society, among an industrious and free people, has done its part to assert and maintain the dignity of labor." The Society is now managed by Standing Committees on Finance, Pensions, School, Library, Literary and Scientific, having special assigned duties. The Apprentices' Library, connected with this Institution, contains about 50,000 volumes. OFFICERS FOR 1876. Havilah M. Smith, President. Edwin Dobbs, First Vice-President. Daniel D. Wright, Treasurer. Thomas Earle, Secretary. Jacob Schwartz, Librarian. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF TtlE CITY OF NEW YORK. Rooms, 22 Cooper Union. This Institution was organized January, 1828. Incorporated May 2, 1829, by Act of the Legislature, " for the purpose of encouraging and promoting Domes- 104 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. tic Industry in this State and tlie United States, in Agriculture, Commerce, Manufactures and the Arts, and any improvements made therein by bestowing rewards and other benetits on those who shall make any such improvements, or excel in any of the said branches, and by such other ways and means as to the said corporation, or the Trustees thereof hereafter mentioned shall appear to be most expedient ;" with power to make by-laws, &c. presidents elected at different periods. James Renwick*. 1859. William Hall* 1860 to 1865. Horace Greeley* 1866 to 1870. William B. Ogden... 1871. Prof. F. A. P. Barnard. .. .1872-73. WiLLLVM Few* 1838-29. John Mason*. .1830-31. James Tallmadge* 1832 to 1845. Mahlon Dickerson ^ - - .1846-47. James TALLMADGEf 1848 to 1853. Robert L. Pell 1854 to 1858. Orestes Cleveland 1874-75. * Deceased, t President Tallmadge died while in office. The First Manufacturers' Fair, held under the auspices of the Institute, was in October, 1828, at Masonic Hall, Broadway ; since which time forty-four other annual fairs have been held, and annual addresses been made by distin- guished individuals. The receipts have been large, arising from annual dues from members, now numbering about 2,000, and admission fees to the annual Fairs. The Farmers' Club and the Polytechnic, connected with the American Insti- tute, meet weekly for the reading of Papers and discussions on the same. The Institute possesses a library of about 10,000 volumes, and there has been published monthly and yearly voluminous Transactions of the Institute— now discontinued. Courses of lectures have also been inaugurated from year to year by order of the Trustees, but of late discontinued. In May, 1875, a new Cliarter was passed by the Legislature of the State of New York, making changes for the good of the Institute and for the protection of its property. officers of the AMERICAN INSTITUTE— 1875. Orestes Cleveland, President C'yrus H. Loutrel, ) Thomas Rutter, l Vice-Pvesidenfs. J. Groshon Herriot, ) Charles McK. Leoser, Recording Secretary. Edward Schell, Treasurer. John W. Chambers, Clerk. Directors.— E^t\\^n C. Ely, George Peyton, Charles H. Clayton, James L. Jackson, James Delamater, Charles S. Arthur. Boardof Managers.— ChiiYlG&F. Allen, F. D. Curtis, George Whitefield, Alex- ander M. Eagleson Walter Shriver, William Rutter, John J. Tucker, William H. Gedney A. J Halsey, Peter H. Jackson, Charles Place, Albro Howell, Al- fred 1. Ackert, Abraham Lent, Alexander Hadden. AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY. Rooms in Cooper Union, New York. This Society was organized October 9, 1851, in the rooms of the Geographical and Statistical Libniry, No. 179 Broadway, kept by J. Disturnell, under the name of the American Geographical and Statistical Society." AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY. 105 Its object, as expressed in the Constitution, was " for the collection and diffu- sion of geographical and statistical information, and to consist of ordinary, cor- responding and honorary members. " The late Hon. George Folsom and DeWitt Bloodgood, Esq., were among its founders. In October, 1851, the late Henry Grinnell, Esq., was elected President, and served until February, 1852, Avhen the Hon. Geo. Bancroft was elected President, and the rooms removed to the University Building, Wash- ington square. The Society became incorporated under the general Act, in May, 1852, but, on the 13th April, 1854, obtained a special charter more in accordance with its wishes and views. Its charter has since been amended and name changed to *' American Geographical Society," therahj annulling in part, the object of its original founders. The Rev. Francis L. Hawks, D. D., was elected President, Dec. 7, 1854, and, after his death in 1866, Hon. Charles P. Daly was elected President of the Society. It has published, from time to time, Bulletins of its transactions, among which are many valuable papers. In 1851, the late Asa Whitney, Esq., read a paper on the proposed Pacific Railway ; in 1852 a paper was read by E. A. Hop- kins, Esq., on Paraguay, followed by General Mosquera on New Grenada; on the Polar Sea, by the late Dr. E. K. Kane, U. S. N., and on Geographical Sci- ence, by Lieut. Matthew F. Maury. Numerous other papers have since been read before the Society by distinguished savans, and addresses made by the pre- siding officers.* Its Library consists of about 11,000 volumes, being rich in geographical and statistical works, charts, maps, &c. This library should be made mainly to consist of works of reference, and thrown open to students in search of geogi'aphical and statistical knowledge. officers for 1876. Charles P. Daly, President. Frederick A. Conkling, ^ Francis A. Stout, y Vice-Presidents. George W. Cullum, ) Charles A. Joy, Foreirpi Cor. Secretary. James Muhlenberg Bailey, Domestic Car. Secretary. Elial F. Hall, Recording Secretary. George Cabot Ward, treasurer. council. William Remsen, H. M. Morris, Theo. W. Dwight, Charles A. Joy, T. Bailey Myers, Harlow M. Hoyt, W. H. K. Moore, Roswell D. Hitchcock, William E. Curtis, S. L. M. Barlow, Walton W. Evans, Clarence King, Isaac Bernheimer, Isaac I. Hayes, Paul Du Chaillu. *0fficer8 elected October 9, 185L— Henry Grinnell, P?'mc?e«)',' Henrv E. Pierrepont, Joshua Leav- itt, Arch. Kussell, Freeman Hunt, Vice-Pr^esidents ; Charles Congdon, Treasurer ; Charles A. Dana, Becordinq Secretary ; S. Dewitt Bloodgood, Foreign Cor. Secretary : John Distumell, DO' ■mestic Cor. Secretat^ and Agent. 106 NEW YORK AS IT IS. ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND ART. This association was organized January 30, 1865, by the adoption of a Consti- tution and the framing of By-Laws for its government. " The objects of the Association shall be pursued by the following means, viz, : The reading of papers on scientific subjects, the discussion thereon, the delivery of Lectures, the pre- sentation and preservation of works of art, inventions, improvements in manu- factures, machinery, and other subjects promotive of general knowledge, and the offering of prizes therefore." Its labors were divided into ten sections, with a chairman for each division. The Association for several years had rooms provided for their accommoda- tion in the Cooper Union, then removed to a new location, and ultimately was almost disbanded. In 1874 it was revived, and a course of Lectures begun under its auspices, which proved a success, being largely attended by an appreciative audience. This season, 1875-76, there will be Lectures delivered by eminent men in Rev. Dr. Rogers' Church, corner of Fifth avenue and Twenty-first street. Admission free * OFFICERS ELECTED IN 1865. John H. Grisom, M.D., President. Rev. Dr. S. Iren^us Prime, Vice-President. Leonard D. Gale, M.D., General /Secretary/. Robert M'C. Graham, Treasurer. John Disturnell, i/i^'«rm7i. OFFICERS FOR 1876. President — Rev. S. Iren^eus Prime. D.D. Vice-Presidents. — E. P. Rogers, D.D., Howard Crosby, LL.D., Prof. D. G. Eaton, Henry Day, James Titus, Rev. B. F. Da Costa, Samuel Sloan, John Disturnell, Prof. Elie Charlier. Foreign Corresponding Secretary. — Rev. Thomas G. Anderson. Domestic Corresponding Secretary. — Clinton Roosevelt, Esq. General Secretary. — Walter E. Smith, Esq. Treasurer.— E. W. Fisher, M.D. Librarian. — Alexander J. Davis, Esq. THE NEW MASONIC HALL, Corner Twenty-third street and Sixth avenue. This magnificent building, recently erected on the corner of Twenty-third street and Sixth avenue, opposite Booth's Theatre, occupies a lot 141 feet by 98 feet 9 inches, and is constructed of light and dark granite. The style of architecture is the Renaissance, and the design, as marked out by the architect, Mr. Le Brun, is exceedingly chaste and well-proportioned. The building is five stories high, and each story distinctly represented in the exterior. *As this Association has attained a hi^h rank among kindred scientific societies, we append the names of its founders, who first organized in December, 1864, under the title of the " Society of Associates of the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art:" Committee on Organization — John H. Grisom, Henry O'Reilly, Lorenzo Sher- wood, Daniel Minthorn, Clinton Roosevelt, O. Macdaniel, John Disturnelly James Lorimer Graham, jr., Leonard D. Gale. John A. Fowle. IVIASONIC SOCIETIES. lOT A pavilion ornamented by columns and surmounted by a quadrangular dome fifty feet square at the base and rising 155 feet above the pavement is the main feature of Twenty-third street. Curtains embellished with allegorical statuary connect this centre compartment with corner pavilions, each 26 feet square at the base, rising 95 feet to the top of the main cornice, and capped by a Mansard roof. The front, on Sixth avenue, will be in harmony with that on Twenty- third street. The first story is entirely arranged for stores, three large ones on the street and four on the avenue. The main entrance will be on Twenty-third street, in the curtain next to Sixth avenue, and is to have a Doric portico. In front of this portico will be placed two Masonic columns, surmounted by globes 20 feet high, the significance of which will be duly appreciated by Masons. These,, together with the statuary and the arms of the Grand Lodge, on the fifth story, will form the only indications of the purpose of the building. This entrance leads directly by a wide flight of stairs to a large corridor, 20 feet wide, 66 feet long, and 30 feet high, on the second floor, from which immediate access is^ obtained on the east side to the Grand Lodge Room 84 by 90 feet, and 30 feet high, calculated to seat 1,000 persons comfortably, in addition to which a gallery across the west end of the room will accommodate 150 persons. The Throne of the Grand Master will be in a recess at the east end, with retiring and accommo- dation rooms conveniently located on each side. From this corridor is also reached, on the west side, the parlor of the Grand Master, tlie parlor and offices of the Grand Secretary, the fireproof archive room and others. At the north end of the corrider is the stairway leading to the upper stories. The reception halls above are 20 feet wide, 68 feet long, and 22 feet high, from which entrance is gained on the east side to three tyler's rooms, connected by ante-rooms, with three Blue Lodge rooms, each 62 feet long. On the west side of the corridor is a large banqueting room, with steward's rooms adjoining. The stairway leads next to the fourth story, which is 22 feet high, and contains two Blue Lodge rooms, and one Royal Arch Chamber room, the same size as those on the floor below. The latter room will be arranged with certain novel and valuable con- veniences, and will be complete in every respect. The whole of the fifth story will be devoted to the use of the Knights Temp- lar, and it is believed this Commandery Hall will be the most complete ever constructed, and will greatly increase the effect of the imposing ceremonies of the order. The first story and all the halls, corridors, and stairways throughout is of the best fireproof construction, and a large elevator transverses the building from the first to the fifth stories, so that in case of accident the entire building can be emptied in five minutes. The ground cost $340,000, and the estimated cost of the building is over half a million. THE GRAND LODGE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Meet annually in the City of New York on the first Tuesday in June. There are numerous other Lodges in New York City usually holding meetings twice monthly. 108 NEW YORK AS IT IS. MASONIC SOCIETIES. There are a number of Masonic Lodges of different rank in the City of Kew York. The Grand Lodge of the State of New ForA; meets annually in June. The •Grand Council of Royal and Select Masters meet annually in New York on the 1st Tuesday in October. Subordinate Lodges meet daily or weekly in different parts of the city. SECRET AND BENEFIT SOCIETIES. There are a number of Societies under the above denomination that meet •daily, weekly and monthly in different parts of the city. ODD FELLOWS. The Grand Lodge meets at New York, on the Tuesday succeeding the third Monday in August. Officers : John W. Stebbins, G. M. , Charles V. Clark, G. Secretary. Office, 224 Centre street. There are other Orders of a secret character, aiming to promote charity and good feeling among their members. NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. This Society was organized May 6, 1805, to commemorate the landing of our Pilgrim Fathers on Plymouth Rock (December, 1620), and to promote friend- ship, charity, and mutual assistance, and to establish and maintain a library. OFFICERS, 1876. Isaac H. Bailey, President. William Borden, \st Vice-President. Daniel F. Appleton, 2d Vice-President. Luther B. Wyman, Treasurer. L. P. Hubbard, Secretary, 80 Wall street. Any descendant of a New Englander, of good moral character, from and after the age of eighteen, is eligible to membership. Annual meetings held Dec. 22, in the City of New York. ST. ANDREW'S SOCIETY OF NEW YORK. Organized in 1756. Office, No. 3 Broadway. officers in 1875-'76. Robert Gordon, President. Bryce Gray, John Paton, John Sloane, William Lyall, WiUiam Coverly, and Alexander Rhind, Managers. William J. Ingram, } o..^.taries Thomas Maitland, f *^^^^f«^^«- Robert Dinwiddle, Treasurer. SOCIETIES LIBRABIES. 10^ ST. GEORGE'S SOCIETY OF NEW YORK. Established in 1786. Office, No. 3 Broadway. Henry E. Pellew, President. Edward Hill and Briten Richardson, Vice-Presidents. Richard J. Curtis, Treasurer. Peter Jones and H. G. M. Linten, Secretaries. Executive Committee. — Robert Waller, Henry Romilly, R. D. Perry, Jolm G.. Dale, John Moulsen, Edward W. Mascord, J. Collin Vincent. GERMAN SOCIETY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. Office, No. 13 Broadway. Frederick Schack, President. Wm. a. Schmitthenner, Secretary. Theodore E. Buck, Treasurer. ST. NICHOLAS SOCIETY. Augustus R. Macdonough, Preddent. William M. Vermilye, ^ Charles R. Swords, I tt-.^ ■pre^i.^.u Carlisle Norwood, f »'^^-^^^^^^^^«- George W. McLean, J Edward Schell, Treasurer. John C. Mills, Secretary. P. Van Zandt Lane, Assistant Secretary. Managers. — D. Henry Haight, Augustus Schell, Benjamin H. Field, James W. Beekman, James Breath, Aaron B. Hays, Frederic De Peyster, James M. McLean, Hamilton Fish, William Remsen, John Schuyler, Theodore Roosevelt. ST. JOHN'S GUILD. 52 Varick Street. Alvah Wiswall, Master; Andrew W. Leggat, Almoner. PUBLIC LIBRARIES OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK. The Libraries of America, although not beginning to compare with the Libra- ries of Europe, as regards number of volumes or ancient works by eminent au- thors, yet still are assuming an importance which makes them rank high as helps to knowledge, both ancient and modern. The two great Public Libraries of the city are the Astor LiJyrary, and the Lenox Library, the latter just about ready to be thrown open to the public. These libraries combined will contain at an early date, about 300,000 volumes, comprising works of great merit. The next library of importance is the Mercantile Library, with its 160,000 volumes, open to subscribers to the Institution; also, the Cooper Union Library and Reading Room, open free to the public. The Neio Tm^k Society Lih'ary, the oldest In- stitution in the city, contains a large collection of valuable books in the different departments of knowledge; open for subscribers. The Young Men's Christian 110 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. Association Library is a free Institution of great merit. The other City Libraries are for the most part devoted to some particular branch of knowledge, and open for the exclusive benefit of subscribers and their friends. There is great need of another universal Public Library, to be centrally situated, and richly en- dowed, to contain all the works, ancient and modern, relating to American his- tory, together with all American publications, similar to the Congressional Li- brary at Washington. AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY. Bible House, Astor Place. Open to visitors daily. This Library contains rare copies of the Bible in dif- ferent languages. APPRENTICES' LIBRARY. 472 Broadway. This Library, under the management of the General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen, consists of 50,000 volumes, including the Demilt Library Open daily from 8 A. M. to 9 P. M. Jacob Schwartz, Librarian. AMERICAN INSTITUTE LIBRARY. 22 Cooper Union, Astor Place. Open to members of the Institute from 9 A. M. to 10 P. M. This Library now contains 11,000 volumes, including many valuable works of reference, and thirty-one scientific journals or magazines, together with the leading journals. At the present time it is much neglected, owing in part to the want of a full catalogue and a competent librarian. AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY. Cooper Union. This Library contains 11,000 volumes and pamphlets, devoted mostly to geographical and statistical knowledge, with numerous atlases, maps, charts, &e. Open daily to members from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M. ASTOR LIBRARY, Lafayette Place, near Astor Place. Founded by the late John Jacob Astor, who granted $400,000 by will at the time of his death, in 1848. Since that period Wm. B. Astor has contributed upward of $850,000.* Open to the public from 9i A. M. to 5i P. M. The Library remains closed during one of the Summer months. The Astor Library Building is constructed in the Byzantine style of architecture, richly ornamented with brown-stone mouldings and an imposing entablature. The Library room is 100 feet in length by 64 in width, and 50 feet in height. According to the twenty-sixth annual report of the Astor Library, issued in 1875, the total number of volumes now in the Library is 150,300; 2,666 books having been added during the past year. The number of readers appears to be mcreasing, the increase for 1874 being about one-fifth more than the number * By his late will, Wm. B. Astor, deceased, has further contributed the sum of $250,000 to the Astor Library, making altogether an amount of about $1,000,000. LIBRARIES. Ill visiting the Library in 1873, The endowment fund of the Library now amounts to $778,336, it having been increased from the original donation by contributions from the Astor faniily, and by investments from the oiiginal $400,000 by John Jacob Astor. In proportion to the whole number of books the Library contains a very large number of works of permanent value as books of reference, and as a consulting Library it is probably the best to be found in America. Vice-Presidents. BAR ASSOCL\TIOK No. 20 W. 27th Street. OFFICERS. William M. Evarts, President. Samuel J. Tilden, Edgar S. Van Winkle, Charles W. Sanford, Stephen P. Nash, James Emott, William A. Butler, Corresponding Secretary. Mason Young, Recording Secretary. Edward Mitchell, Treasurer. The report of the Library Committee showed that the Library had been in- creased by over 1,000 volumes in the past year, and now contained about 10,000 volumes. This Association, composed of leading Members of the Bar, reviews Muni- cipal and State Laws, and suggests amendments to the same. COLUMBIA COLLEGE. In College Building, E. 49th street, between Madison and Fourth avenue— This is a large and valuable Library. CITY. No. 12 City Hall. This Library contains about 3,000 volumes, but is greatly neglected by its present managers. COOPER UNION. Eighth street, corner Fourth avenue. This Free Library contains 15,000 bound volumes, 316 periodicals, and 200 American and Foreign newspapers. Open to the public from 8 A.M. to 10 P.M. ECLECTIC. Seventeenth street, near Irving place. HARLEM. 2238 Third Avenue. Terms, $2.00 per annum. Open from 2 to 7 P.M. 112 NEW YORK AS IT IS. LEXOX LIBRARY OF THE CITY OF XEW YORK. Incorporated January 20, 1870, by the Legislature of the State of Xew York. Sec. 1 provides for nine Trustees, and dechired them to be a body corporate, by the name of tlie '' Trustees of the Lenox Library." Sec. 2. To receive from the said James Lenox, his collection of manuscripts, printed books, engravings and maps, statuary, paintings, drawings, and other works of art; also the sum of $300,000, to be used for the establishment of a Pubhc Library in the City of New York, and such real estate as he may convey for a site for the same, in the 19th ward of the said city, in the vicinity of Cen- tral Park, which site, with its appurtenances, the said corporation is hereby empowered to take and hold in fee simple, for the purposes of the said Library, Since the above princely gift, and the announcement of the founding of the Library, several large donations have been offered and accepted by the trus- tees; also a second donation has been made by Mr. Lenox of §100,000, to be added to the building fund. By a late report it appears that " the library building is rapidly approaching completion, and will be ready to be occupied at an early day. The necessary appurtenances, fittings and furniture, Avith all the details of administration and service of the library will soon be provided and settled ; and while a consider- able time will be required for the transfer and arrangement of the library and various collections, there will be no unnecessary delay in making them acces- sible to readers and students, and available to the public, in accordance with the design of the founder and the purposes of the institution. "The library edifice, which occupies a commanding site on Fifth avenue, between Seventieth and Seventy-first streets, is grand in mass though simple in construction, and admirably proportioned in the relation of parts to the whole. The disposition of the building is ^centre with two projecting wings — the object being to secure as much light as possible for the library rooms and galleries — an arrangement which has proved entirely successful. " The building is 192 feet in length parallel to the avenue, and 114 feet deep on each street, with an entrance court between the north and south wings 42 feet in depth from the front line, and 96 feet long. The main approach is from Fifth avenue through two massive gateways andlhe court, then up a wide flight of steps to the principal entrance door. The service entrances are in the rear of the building, and communicate with Seventieth and Seventy-first streets by a passage way which extends from street to street. " The library rooms in the south wing communicate directly by circular stairs of stone in the piers on both sides, and have been fitted with presses or book- cases of iron, the capacity of which for immediate use will accommodate not less than eighty thousand volumes. " The corresponding rooms in the north wing and galleries of the centre will be devoted to the arrangement for exhibition and use of those various collec- tions of rare and curious works, objects of art, tfcc, which require extended space and special protection against loss or injury. " A more extended and ample description of the entire building and its appur- tenances, when completed, may be given in a future report, with illustrative plan and elevation." James Lenox, President, Aaron B. Belknap, Secretary. George H. Moore, Superintendent. LIBRARIES. 113 LAW LIBRARY. Equitable Building, 120 Broadway. MEDICAL AND JOURNAL ASSOCIATION. 107 E. Twenty-eighth Street. Open from 9 A.M. to 9 P.M. • MOTT MEMORIAL FREE MEDICAL. 64 Madison Avenue. Open from 11 A.M. to 9 P.3L NEW YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY. Second Avenue, corner E. Eleventh Street. Open, from October to April, from 9 A.M. to 9 P.M.: from April to October, from 9 A.M. to 6 P.M. George H. Moore, Librarian. NEW YORK JOURNALISTIC. No. 6 Centre street. PRINTERS'. No. 3 Chambers Street. This Library contains 5,000 volumes. Open every Saturday evening. Free, except where persons take out books from the Library. UNITED STATES POST LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. 58 Broadway. UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. University Place, near Eighth Street. WASHINGTON HEIGHTS. Tenth Avenue, corner West One-hundred-and-fifty-sixth street. WOMAN'S. 38 Bleecker street. Terms of membership, $1.50 per annum. Open from 9 A.M. to 4 P.M. Mrs. M. Ferrer, Superintendent. 114 NEW YORK AS IT IS. YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. 52 E. Twenty-third Street, 2223 Third Avenue, 492 Grand Street, 134 Bowery, and Third Avenue, corner E. Eiglity-sixth Street. Open from 8 A.M. to 10 P.M., and Sundays from 2 to 9 P.M. NEW YORK LAW INSTITUTE LIBRARY. Rooms Nos. 22, 24 and 26 fourth floor, U. S. Court and Post-Office Building. Established in 1830. Among its founders were Chancellor Kent, James W. Gerard, and a number of other gentlemen of distinction. OFFICERS, 1875-76. Charles O'Conor, President. Charles Tracy, \ Hon. Samuel Blatchford, >• Vice-Presidents. Joseph H. Choate, ) Edward H. Owen, Treasurer. Aaron J. Vanderpoel, Librarian. Wm. M. Evarts, Chairman. Com. on Jurisprudence. The Library contains about 19,000 volumes, comprising full collections of Law Reports, together with Statute Laws of the United States, Great Britain, &c. Members of the bar from abroad, while in the city, and Judges of the different Courts, are, by the rules of the Institute, entitled to the use of the Library. NEW YORK SOCIETY LIBRARY. Rooms 07 University Place between 12th and 13th Streets. (Founded A. D. 1700; Incorporated A. D. 1772.) ^ This Library is by far the oldest Institution of its class in the city. For a long time the only public library of New Yorlv, it has had from the beginning for its supporter*, our most respected and influential families, by whom it is still sustamed. Never has the Library been in a more heal i by condition than at the present time. " It is p > sessed of a valuable property in its land, building, and accumulated store of volumes," now consisting of over 60,000 valuable works on almost all departments ot knowledge, periodicals, newspapers, &c. The Library is open from 8 A. M. to 6 P. M., and the Reading-room from 8 A. M. to 10 P. M. Persons entitled to the use of the rooms are members, and strangers when reg- ularly introduced. officers of the society for 1874-75. TVwsfees.— Frederick De Peyster, Chairman, Otis D. Swan, Treasurer, William J. Hoppin, Secretary, together Avith twelve others. Wentworth S. Butler, Librarian. LIBRARIES — PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. 115 MERCANTILE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. The Mercantile Library, situated in Astor Place, formerly known as the As- tcor Place Opera House, and now called Clinton Hall, was founded in 1820. The first meeting was called by Wm. Wood, Esq. , by a notice posted at the Commercial Advertiser office, and dated Nov. 3d of that year, to be held on the 9th at the Tontine Coffee Room House to consider a plan for establishing a Li- brary and Reading Room. The call was addressed to the clerks of South street, Eront street, Pearl street and Maiden Lane. About two hundred persons attended this meeting and it resulted in the adop- tion of a constitution on the 27th, and the election of oflicers. The Library was opened in February, 1821, at No. 49 Fulton street, with 700 Tolumes and 150 members. In 1826 the Library was removed to the building of Messrs. Harper & Bros, in Cliff street, at which time it contained 6,000 volumes. In 1828 a subscription was started among the merchants of New York to raise funds to erect a new building for the use of the Library. The new building was built on the corner of Beekman and Nassau streets, and was dedicated Nov. 2d, 1860, under the name of Clinton Hall. Twenty years later it was found that the collection of books had become too large for the space afforded by Clinton Hall, and it therefore became necessary to provide other quarters. After a long contest between two factions, one favoring removal up town and the other opposing it, the Astor Place Opera House was purchased and fitted up and the Lib ary removed into it in 1854. From this time its present prosperity began to date. It now contains 160,000 volumes, and in the number of its books ranks as the fourth library in size in the United States. The reading room is furnished with over 450 newspapers and magazines. The executive force num- bers twenty odd clerks under the charge of the Librarian, Mr. W. T. Peoples. The Library is open from 8 A. M. to 9 P. M., and the total number of persons entitled to its use is over ten thousand. PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. Academy of Music Fourteenth st., cor. Irving place. Anatomical Museum 688 Broadway. Booth's Theatre Twenty third st. cor. Sixth av. Bowery Theatre 46 Bowery. Centennial Concert Garden 831 Sixth av. Chickering Hall Fifth av. cor. 18th st. Colosseum Broadway, cor. Thirty-fifth st. Darling's Opera House 115 West Twenty-third st. Eagle Theatre Sixth av. , junction Broadway. Fifth Avenue Theatre _. Twenty-eighth st., near Broadway. Grand Opera House Twenty-third st., cor. Eighth av. Gilmore's Concert Garden Fourth av. and Twenty-sixth st. Globe Theatre 728 Broadway. Great Double Circus Foot Houston st., E. R. Lyric Hall 723 Sixth av. Lyceum Theatre Fourteenth st. and Sixth av. Metropolitan Museum of Art.. .128 West Fourteenth st. Metropolitan Theatre 585 Broadway. 116 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Museum op Anatomy 665 Broadway. New Opera House NiBLO's Theatke _. --- .Broadway, cor. Prince st. Olympic Theatre 624 Broadway. Parisian Varieties East Sixteenth St., near Union sq. Park Theatre Cor. Broadway and Twenty-second st, Steinway Hall Fourteenth st. near Fourth av. Third Avenue Theatre Between Thirtieth and Thirty-first sts. Theatre Comique 514 Broadway. TivoLi Theatre Eighth st. , near Third av. Tony Pastor's Metropolitan 585 and 587 Broadway. Union Square Theatre Union Square. Wallack's Theatre 844 Broadway, cor. Thirteenth st. Wood's Museum . Broadway, cor. Thirtieth st. CLUB HOUSES. American Jockey, 22 East 27th street. Nassau Boat, 31 Nassau street. Arcadian, 52 Union square. New York, 5 West 25th street. Army and Navy, 21 West 27th street. N. Y. Athletic, 1309 Broadway. Atlanta Boat Club, East 132d. street, comerlN. Y. Caledonian, 118 Sullivan street. Fourth avenue. N. Y. College Boating Association, 19 Lex* Blossom, 129 Fifth avenue. ington avenue. Boulevard, Boulevard, cor. West 104th street. N. Y. Press Club, 6 Centre street. Century, 109 East 15th street. N. Y. Yacht, 22 East 27th street. Columbia Yacht, foot West 57th street. Olympic Athletic, 6 East 28th street. Free Masons', 58 West 22d street. Palette, 7 East 22ci street. German, 13 West 24th street. Kepublican, 211 Fourth avenue. Gotham, Broadway, corner East 14th street. St. Nicholas, 8 West 25th street. Harlem Yacht, Port Morris. St. George's Cricket, 15 Broadway. Harmonie, 45 West 42d street. Sorosis, 162 East 38th street. Knickerbocker, 249 Fifth avenue. Standard, 149 W^est 42d street. Lotos, 2 Irving place. Travellers', 124 Fifth avenue. Manhattan, 96 Fifth avenue. Union, 1 West 21st street. Manhattan Yacht, foot East 89th street. Union League, 34 East 26th street. Merchants', 108 Leonard street. Xavier Union, 49 West 15th street Young Men's Democratic, 51 Exchange place. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. Organized in April, 1768. Rooms, No. 63 William Street, New York. The objects of the Association were expressed by its founders as follows : "Whereas, mercantile societies have been found very useful in trading cities for promoting and encouraging commerce, supporting industry, adjusting dis- putes relative to trade and navigation, and procuring such laws and regulations as may be found necessary for the benefit of trade in general." Annual Election, first Thursday in May of each year. OFFICERS, 1875. Samuel D. Babcock, President. James M. Brown, 1st Vice-President. George W. Lane, 2d Vice-President. Francis S. Lathrop, Treasurer. George Wilson, /Secretary. COMMERCIAL ASSOCIATIONS, ETC. 117 Court of Arbitration of the Chamber of Commerce of the State of New New York. ESTABLISHED BY ACT OP THE LEGISLATURE, APRIL 29, 1874. Sessions of this Court are held daily at the rooms of the Chamber of Com- merce, No. 63 William street, and at the office of the Arbitrator, No. 229 Broadway, for the hearing and prompt settlement of controversies, disputes and matters of difference arising among merchants, shipmasters and others within the port of New York. Parties may submit their controversies to this court, whether members of the Chamber of Commerce or not. Blank forms for the submission of causes, and other information, may be ob- tained gratis on application to the Clerk, at the rooms of the Chamber. Hon. Enoch L. Fancher, Arbitrator, George Wilson, Arbitration Clerk. MARITIME ASSOCIATION OF THE PORT OF NEW YORK. Rooms, 66 Beaver and 113 Pearl street, Organized, February, 1873, for the protection of the maritime interests. A Reading Room is attached for the use of its members. officers, 1875. James Henry, President. A. H. Brown, Treasurer. A. J. Maguire, Secretary. AMERICAN SHIPMASTERS' ASSOCIATION. Room, 37 William street. T. B. Bleecker, Jr., President. A. G. Montgomery, Vice-President. W. H. H. Moore, Treasurer. T. W. Ellisen, Secretary. COAL AND IRON EXCHANGE. Corner Cortlandt and Church streets ; office of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. NEW YORK PRODUCE EXCHANGE. Cor. Whitehall and Pearl Streets. Organized, 1861. Benjamin W. Floyd, President. Charles Spear, Vice-President. Edward W. Mascord, Secretary. Wm. H. Philips, Treasurer. S. H. Grant, Superintendent. NEW YORK COTTON EXCHANGE. Hanover Square. Incorporated, April 8, 1871 To promote the cotton trade in the City of New York. 118 NEW YORK AS IT IS. OFFICERS, 1875. Henry Hentz, President. James F. Wenman, Vice-President. Walter M. Miller, Treasurer. Edward Leverich, Secretary. IMPORTERS' AND GROCERS' BOARD OF TRADE, 87 Wall Street. Incorporated, March 28, 1872. George W. Lane, President. Solan Humphreys, ] B G. Arnold, ! ^^. p..,/^.«/. H. Farrington, f ^^^^-^^^s««^^f«- D. M. TURNURE, J William Neilson, Secretary, THE BOARD OF TRADE, Manufactures and Agriculture, ot" the City and State of New York. Rooms 17 and 19 Broadway. Organized in 1874; Incorporated in 1875. OFFICERS for 1875-76. George Opdyke, Esq., President. Vice-Presidents. — G. W. Chater Clarke, H. W. Wickham, Geo. T. Hope,. F. A. Potts. Wallace P. Groom, Actuary and Secretary. Executive Committee. — George Opdyke, Chairman; Sinclair Tousey, American; News Co. ; Edward A. Boyd, Plate Glass Importer; I. V. Carpenter, Evans, Peake & Co., Dry Goods IVIerchants; W. H. Dannat, Dannat & Bro., Lumber ;. J. W. Decastro, Decastro & Donner Sugar Refining Company; Edward Frith, Sanderson Bros. & Co., Metal Importers; Albert G. King, Geo. King & Son, Fur Importers; Joseph Seligman, J. & W. Seligman & Co., Bankers; Fred. Taylor, Fred. Butterfield & Co., Dry Goods Importers; Jas. T. Van Rensselaer, F, B. Nicol & Co., China and Glass Importers; Richard Young, Young, Ladd & Coffin, Perfume Importers and Manufacturers, This Board or Association consists of members and Subscribers interested in the trade, manufactures and agriculture of the City and State of New York. The objects of the Board are the originating and promoting measures for the benefit of trade, agriculture and manufactures in the City and State respectively; the collection and distribution of statistical and other information of importance to traders, manufacturers and agriculturists. NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE. No. 10 Broad Street. Founded, 1792. George W. Mclean, President. B. Ogden White, Secretary, Brayton Ives, Vice-President. M. A. Wheelock, Chairman. D. C. Hays, Treasurer. James Mitchell, Vice-Chairman^ William Weeber, Boll Keeper. UNITED STATES CUSTOM HOUSE OFFICERS ETC. 11^ NEW YORK GOLD EXCHANGE. No. 14 New Street. Organized, 1864. James B. Colgate, President. W. J. Hutchinson, Second Vice-Pres. E. T. Bragaw, First Vice-President. Wm. P. Wescott, Secretary. R. L. Edwards, Treasurer. UNITED STATES COLLECTORS' OFFICE— NEW YORK. Wall Street, between William and Hanover Streets. Chester A. Arthur, Collector. Charles P. Clinch, Assistant- Collector. Samuel G. Ogden, Auditor and, Acting Dislfg Agent. |. -i j. T^• Samuel J. Jacobs, Assistant- Auditor. \ Wm. D. Robinson, Cashier. \ oa t\- • • James Hoffman, Asst. ■ Cashier. \ '^^ JJivision. John J. Osborne, Deputy- Collector, 3d Division. Richard Wynkoop, do. do. 4th do, W. A. Morris, do. do. 5th do. Benj. F. Wyman, do. do. 6th do. N. G. Williams, do. do. 7th do. W ^.Brov^n, Deputy ad int., 8tli do. Dudley F. Phelps, Deputy CoFtor, 9th do. John R. Lydecker, J^. Deputy Col. and Storekeeper of the Port, 10th Division. Deputy Collectoi's. — Samuel M. Blatchford, James Tanner, W. F. Norris, H. C Manning, S. T. Maddox, Deputy Collector-at- Large ; Geo. K. Leet, Assistant Collector at Jersey City. NAVAL OFFICE. A. H. Laflin, Naval Officer. Silas W. Burt, Comptroller and Special Deputy. E. W. B. Canning, Deputy. Wm. A. Jones, " J. M, Comstock, Chief Entry Clerk. A. W. Green, Chief Liquidating Clerk, No. 1. T. O'Meara, " " " No. 3. J. J. Couch, Chief Warehouse Clerk. T. Hays, Auditor. H. W. Gomley, Chief Correspondence Clerk. SURVEYOR'S OFFICE, Custom-House Building. George H. Sharpe, Surveyor. James S. Benedict, Special Deputy. Edward F. Burton, ] Jacob Sharpe, J Henry Gaines, Chief Measurer of Vessels. E. C. DeLong, Inspector in Charge of Departure Boom. Alfred Mabie, Boarding Office at Barge Office. 120 NEW YORK AS IT IS. UNITED STATES ASSISTANT TREASURER'S OFFICE, Wall, corner Nassau Street. (Otfice hours, from 10 A. M. to 3 P. M.) Thomas Hilliiouse, Assistant Treasurer. Charles H. Patterson, Deputy Treasurer. William G. White, Cashier. David G. Caywood, Superintendent of Building. UNITED STATES ASSAY OFFICE AT NEW YORK, No. 30 and 33 Wall Street. Thomas C. Acton, Saperintendent. Herbert G. Torrey, Assayer. Andrew Mason, Melter and Refiner. J. M. Floyd, Chief Clerk. Gold and silver bullion, in amounts not less than $100, received on deposit, and returns made in coins or stamped bars, at the option of the owners. Vis- itors are admitted to witness the operation of the office, on Wednesdays, be- tween 10 A. M. and 12 M. PENSION AGENCY. Office, Exchange Place, cor. Hannover Street. Jacob M. Patterson, Jr., Agent. UNITED STATES NAVY PAY DIRECTOR. Office, 29 Broadway. George F. Cutter, Disbursing Officer. UNITED STATES SHIPPING COMMISSIONER. Office, 187 Cherry Street. C. C. Duncan, Commissioner. INTERNAL REVENUE OFFICERS. S2d District— First, Second and Fourth Wards. Marshall B. Blake, Collector, 83 Cedar Street. 2d District— Third, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth, Ninth, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Wards. Max Weber, Collector, 395 Canal Street. M District— Seyenth, Tenth, Eleventh, Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Seven- teenth Wards. Joseph Archbold, Collector, 9 Seventh Street, cor. Third Avenue. ^th Districtr— Twelfth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first and Twenty-second Wards. C. R. Coster, Collector, 1296 Broadway. PART VI. RELIGIOUS AND BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. THE AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY— Rooms, Bible House. This Institution was formed in 1816, for the sole object of increasing the circulation of the Holy Scriptures without note or comment. Its entire work is essentially gratuitous. It is thoroughly unsectarian, circulating only the com- monly received version in English, and the most faithful translations in other languages and in foreign lands, and everywhere helping the poor to procure and own the Bible. It is printing and circulating the Scriptures in more than fifty different languages, and is usually at the sole expense of publishing all new translations by American missionaries and American scholars as soon as their manuscript is ready for the press. It has also published, at great expense, the entire Bible in raised letters, for the blind. Its issues of the Bible, and Testa- ments, and Portions, are in almost every variety of size and style of binding. It sells at the cost of manufacture to all who wish to buy, and responds, to the measure of its ability, to all applications for grants. Its issues for the 59th fiscal year, ending March 31, 1875, were 926,900 volumes. The value of the books donated in the year was $94,912.83, and the appropriations in money for Bible distribution in foreign lands were $69,441.33. The total receipts from all sources for the year were $577,569.80. Since its organization, the Society has issued 31,893,882 volumes, and its aggregate receipts have been $16,701,944.17. The present Bible House is located on an open square, bounded by Third and Fourth avenues, Astor place and Ninth street. The building covers the entire square — about three-quarters of an acre — and is six stories high. It was erected in 1853, at a cost of about three hundred thousand dollars, and is the result of in- dividual subscriptions for that especial purpose. The income from the rental of that portion of the building not occupied for the Society's own uses is appro- priated to payment of the salaries and expenses of the executive departments. The aggregate number of persons engaged in the service of the Society, in its manufacturing department, which includes the printing, electrotyping, proof reading and bindery, does not vary much from four hundred. The government of the Society is intrusted to a board of managers, consisting of thirty-six laymen, one-fourth of whom go out of office each year, but are re- eligible. The executive officers are appointed by the board of managers, and standing committees of the board are annually appointed to supervise and direct the various departments of the Society's work. The committee on versions, which has the oversight of the textual correctness of the Society's issues, is composed of seven of the most learned clergymen of the country, who act as representatives of the several Christian denominations which co-operate with the society. The committees on finance, publication, and legacies, are com- posed of laymen only, and the committees on distribution and agencies com- prise both clergymen and laymen. The Society has about 2,000 auxiliaries, scattered through every State and Territory of the Union, through whom, under the supervision of its district 122 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. , superintendents, is effected the greater part of Bible distribution in this country. Tliese auxiliaries purchase books at cost for sale or distribution within their respective limits, and when unable to buy, are furnished with them gra- tuitously. OFFICERS FOR 1875-76. William H. Allen, LL.D., Philadelphia, President. Thirty Vice-Presidents. "Rev. Joseph Holdicii, D.D. ; Rev. Edward W. Gilman, D.D., Secretaries- Rev. Alexander McLean, D.D., Treasurer. Andrew L. Taylor, Assistant Treasurer. Caleb T. Rowe, General Agent. AMERICAN HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY. Rooms, 33 Bible House, Astor Place. This Association, first formed by persons of the Congregational, Presbyterian^ Associate Reformed, and Reformed Dutch Churches, in May, 1820 ; incorpor- ated, February 6, 1871, is now the organ of the Congregational Churches. The object is "to assist congregations that are unable to support the Gospel Minis- try, and to send the Gospel to the destitute witliin the United States." During the 49th year of its operations (1875) it sustained in thirty-three States and Territories 1)52 Missionaries, laboring in more than 2,000 congregations, or missionary districts. Expenditure, $296,000. It has State Auxiliaries in Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York and Ohio. Thirty dollars constitute a life member, and one hundred dollars a life director. ' OFFICERS, 1875-76. Theodore D. Woolsey, D.D., LL.D., New Haven, Conn., President. Thirty-four Vice-Presidents and fifty Directors. William Henry Smith, Esq., Treasurer. George S. Coe, Esq., Auditor. Rev. David B. Coe, D.D., ) Rev. Alexander II. Clapp, D.D., y Secretaries for Corresiiondence. Rev. Henry M. Storrs, D.D., ) Austin Abbott, Esq. , Recording Secretary. AMERICAN BOARD OP COMMISSIONERS FOR FOREIGN MIS- SIONS. Instituted in 1810.— Room, No. 39 Bible House. The object of the Board is to propagate the Gospel among the unevangelized nations and communities, by means of preachers, catechists, schoolmasters, and the press. This Board has under its care numerous missions and stations among differ- ent nati ns, where missionaries are at work. A late report of their doings says : ''Heathenism, Avhether in pagan or papal lands, entrenched in the native de- pravity of the human heart, buttressed about with forms and usages and insti- tutions consecrated by the arts of a crafty priesthood and the traditions of generations, involving the entire intellectual and social life from infancy to the grave, yields but slowly to the missionary effort, but it yiekU. The gain in PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL INSTITUTIONS. 12^ church membership is steadily on the increase in Central, Eastern and Western Turkey, in the Zula Mission, the Mahvatta Mission, the Ceylon Mission, the Foochow Mission, the North China Mission, as well as in Japan, &c. The work in Austria and Spain is also encouraging, as well as in other parts of the world.'" OFFICERS, 1875-"76. Mark Hopkins, D.D., LL.D., President. Hon, William E. Dodge, Vice-President. Prudential Committee. — Hon. Alpheus Hardy, Augustus C. Thompson, D.D.,. Ahner Kingman, Esq., James M. Gordon, Esq., Ezra Farnsworth, Esq., Ed-^ mund K, Alden, D.D., J. Russell Bradford, Esq., Joseph S. Ropes, Esq., Prof. Egbert C. Smyth, D.D. Rev. Selah B. Treat, N, G. Clark, D.D., Secretaries for Correspondence. Rev, John O. Means, D.D., Recording Secretary. Langdon S. Ward, Treasurer, No. 1 Somerset Street, Boston. NEW YORK CITY AGENCY. Rev. C. p. Bush, D.D., Dist. Sec, 39 Bible House, Astor Place. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL INSTITUTIONS. DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL, CHURCH. Rooms, Nos. 22 and 23 Bible House. Organized by the General Convention in 1821, and incorporated by the State- of New York, May 13, 1846. Members. — The Society is considered as comprehending all persons who are members of this Church. Board of Missions, Hoio Appointed. — The General Convention, which repre- sents the whole Church, appoints at every Triennial Meeting, a Board of Clerical and Lay Members, who, together with the Bishops of the Church, constitute the Board of Missions of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America. Functions oftTie Board. — To the Board of Missions is intrusted the supervision of the general missionary operations of the Church, with power to establish Missionary stations, appoint Missionaries, make appropriations of money, and regulate the conducting of Missions. The Board meets once a year. Home Missions to Colored People. — There exists, during the will of the Board of Missions, and by its appointment, the " Commission of Home Missions to Colored People," to which is committed the religious and other instruction of the freedmen. Indian Commission. — There exists, by appointment of the Domestic Committee, acting by request of the General Convention and under instructions from the Board of Missions, an Indian Commission, charged with the oversight and care of the Indian Missionary work of the Church. Woman's Auxiliary. — The Woman's Auxiliary, organized by the secretaries of the several departments at the instance of the Board of Missions, aids the work of the Board of Missions in all its departments. Domestic, Foreign, FreedmeU;^ and Indian. 124 NEW YORK AS IT IS. These are the several departments of the work of the Board of Missions, which Board, as above set forth, acts in behalf of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of A TVip'pir**! The next Annual Meeting of the Board of Missions will be held in the City of Philadelphia, in October, 1876. Committee for Domestic Missions.— Rt. Rev. Hokatio Potter, D.D., LL.D., Chairman; Revs. Morgan Dix, D.D., George Leeds, D.D., Henry C. Potter, D.D., K H. Schenck, D.D.; Messrs. Cyrus Curtiss, G. N. Titus, B. B. Sher- man, and E. T. Gerry. Rev. A. T. Twing, D.D., Secretary and General Agent, 22 Bible House; Rev. C. K Chandler, D.D., and Rev. T. A. Starkey, D.D., Associate Secretaries and General Agents; Lloyd W. Wells, Esq., Treasurer, 22 Bible House, New York. Stated meetings, third Monday of each month. Committee for Foreign Missions.— Ri. Rev, Horatio Potter, D.D., LL.D., Chairman; Revs. John Cotton Smith, D.D., H. Dyer, D.D., Benjamin I. Haight, D.D., LL.D.; Messrs. Lewis Curtis, Frederick S. Winston, Stewart Brown, Lemuel Coffin, and James M. Brown. , Secretary and General Agent, 23 Bible House; Rev. S. D. Denison, D.D., Honorary Secre- tary, 23 Bible House; James M. Brown, Esq., Treasurer, 23 Bible House, New York. Stated meetings, fourth Wednesday in each month. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CITY MISSION SOCIETY. Incorporated 1833. The Bishop, ex-officio, President. Rev. C. T. Woodruff, Superintendent. R. S. Holt, treasurer, 57 Water street. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL TRACT SOCIETY. The Bishop, President. J. Pott, Treasurer and Agent., 5 and 13 Cooper Union. NEW YORK BIBLE AND COMMON PRAYER-BOOK SOCIETY. H. Bruce, Pemi'dirtg Secretary. J. Pott, Treasurer and Agent, 5 andl3 Cooper Union. SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF RELIGION AND LEARNING. The Bishop of the Diocese, ex-officio, President. T. W Ogden, Secretary. R. M. Harrison, Treasurer, 110 Broadway. Rev. G. F. Seymour, D.D., Superintendent of the Department of Learning. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL SOCIETY FOR SEAMEN, NEW YORK. The Bishop, ex-officio. President. H. P. Marshall, Treasurer, at Seamen's Bank, corner of Wall and Pearl streets. SOCIETY FOR THE RELIEF OF THE DESTITUTE BLIND. No. 219 West Fourteenth street. Incorporated 1868. Visitor, the Bishop ; Treasurer, H. Manuel, 31 Wall street. PEESBYTEKIAN INSTITUTIONS MISSIONS, ETC. 125 BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. Mission House, 23 Centre Street. Organized in 1833. This Foreign Missionary Society, wliicli has been in successful operation for more than forty years, selected Africa and the populous regions of Asia for their extended mission fields — China, Japan, Persia, Asia Minor, South An^erica and other localities were early selected, and have proven to be fields of unsurpassed promise. According to the Thirty-eighth Annual Report, for 1875, all the above missionary fields were occupied by zealous missionaries, both male and female, from whom reports are forwarded to the parent society. There are also auxiliary societies, in different parts of the United States, that aid in this great work. OFFICERS FOR 1875-76. Rev. William Adams, D.D., President. " John D. Wells, D.D., Vice-President. *' John C. Lowrie. ) '* David Irving, y Secretaries. " Frank F. Ellinwood, ) William Rankin, Esq., Treasurer. BOARD V i^^ HOME MISSIONS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. Mission House, 23 Centre Street, New York. Organized in 1870, under its present Management. To this Board is committed the work of aiding feeble churches in the United States of America in the support of their ministers; of sending out and support- ing missionaries to preach the gospel, and of planting churches in new and des- titute sections of the country. OFFICERS, 1875-76. Rev. James O. Murray, D.D., President. " Henry Randall, D.D., ) ^ o * • " Cyrus Dickson, D.D., \ ^^' Secretaries. O. D. Eaton, Treasurer. Edw. a. Lambert, Recording Secretary. BOARD OF THE CHURCH ERECTION FUND OF THE PRESBYTE^ RIAN CHURCH. Office, No. 23 Centre Street. According to the Fifth Annual Report, for 1875, the number of churches erected during the year by aid of the Board was 153, located in 29 States and Territories, and under the care of 84 Presbyteries. • officers for 1875-'76. Rev. Joseph Fewsmith, D.D., President. Rev. John Hall, D.D., Vice-President. Rev. H. R. Wilson, D.D., Cor. Secretary. J. P. Crosby, Esq. , Recording Secretary. Nathan Lane, Esq., Treasurer. 126 NEW YORK AS IT IS. BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE REFORMED CHURCH IN AMERICA. Rooms, 34 Vesey Street. OFFICERS FOR 1875. Rev. Wm. H. Steele, D.D., President. Sanford Cobb, Esq., Vice-President Rev. C. L. Wells, Recording Secretary. Rev. J. M. Ferris, Corresponding Secretary. Mr. Gamaliel Smith, Treasurer. BOARD OF DOMESTIC MISSIONS OF THE REFORMED CHURCH IN AMERICA. Rooms, 34 Vesey Street. OFFICERS FOR 1875-76. Mr. S. R. W, Heath, President. Rev. Paul D. Van Cleef, D.D., Vice-President. Rev. O. E. Cobb, Recording Secretary. Rev. Jacob West, D.D., Corresponding Secretary. Mr. John R. Smith, Treasurer. BAPTIST CITY MISSION. 76 East Ninth Street. Baptist City Mission, 1870, 76 East Ninth Street. Organized.— The objects of the Society are clmrch extension, mission and Sunday-school work of the -Southern N. Y. Baptist Association. S. S. Constant, Esq., President; C. T. Evans, Secretary; A. Denike, Treasurer. American Baptist Publication Society. — New York Branch, 76 East Ninth Street. — G. M. Vanderlip, Depositary ; Rev. James Waters and Rev. J. S. Backus, D.D., District Secretaries. AMERICAN BAPTIST HOME MISSION SOCIETY. Rooms, 150 Nassau Street. Organized in 1832. The object of this Society is to promote the preaching of the Gospel in North America, through its own exertions and the aid of auxiliary Societies of the Baptist denomination. OFFICERS of the SOCIETY. Hon. Samuel A. Crosier (Penn.), President. Joseph B. Hoyt, Esq., Treasurer. Nathan Bishop, LL.D., Corresponding Secretary. Rev. D. B. Jutten, Recording Secretary. AMERICAN AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY. Rooms, 150 Nassau Street. Organized in 1836. The object of the Society is to procure and circulate the most faithful versions of the Holy Scriptures in all languages throughout the world. officers for 1875-76. Hon. Peter Balen (New Jersey), President. A. B. Capwell, Esq. , and others, Vice-Presidents. N. D. Ward, Esq., Secretary and Treasurer. Rev. George E. Horn, Recording Secretary. METHODIST EPISCOPAL INSTITUTIONS. 127 MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Rooms, 805 Broadway. Incorporated April, 1839. Its objects are charitable and religious; designed to diffuse more generally the blessings of education and Christianity, and to pro- mote and support Missionary Schools and Christian Missions throughout the United States and Territories, and also in foreign countries. OFFICERS, 1876. Rev. Bishop E. S Janes, President. John P. Durbin, D.D., Honorary Secretary. Robert L. Dashiell and John M. Reid, Secretaries. Reuben Nelson, Treasurer. David Terry, Recording Secretary. METHODIST BOOK CONCERN. Established for the purpose of distributing books and tracts throughout the United States ; the income of which, after deducting expenses, is appropriated to benevolent purposes. Rooms, 805 Broadway, New York. Rev. Reuben Nelson, D. D. and J. M. Phillips, Esq., Book Agents. SUNDAY-SCHOOL UNION. Office, 805 Broadway. Bishop Janes, President. J. H. Vincent, D.D., Cor. Secretary. W. H. DePuy, D.D., Recording Secretary. . D. Denham, Jr., Treasurer. BOARD OF EDUCATION. Office, 805 Broadway. (Officers elected by the Board.) Bishop Janes, President. Rev. C. A. Holmes, D. D., Secretary. Oliver Hoyt, Esq. , Treasurer. AMERICAN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION. Rooms, 56 Reade Street. Organized in 1865. The aim and object of this Association is to preach the Gospel to the poor. It originated in a sympathy with the almost friendless slaves. Since emancipation, it has devoted its main efforts to preparing the freedmen for their duties as citizens and Christians in America and as mission- aries in Africa. Also to aid and benefit the Chinese in America, and co-operate with the Government in its humane and Christian policy toward-s the Indians, OFFICERS, 1875-76. Hon. E. S. ToBEY (Boston), President. Fifty-two Vice-Presidents. Rev. George Whipple and Rev. M. E. Story, Secretaries. Edgar Ketchum, Esq., Treasurer. 128 NEW YORK AS IT IS. NATIONAL TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. Rooms, 58 Reade Street. This Society was organized in 1865 in the cause of Temperance, and has printed and circulated over 215,635,356 pages of temperance literature dunng the past ten years. It has its agencies in every State m the Union, and is diffus- ing a sound temperance literature all over the world. OFFICERS FOR 1875-76. Hon. Wm. E. Dodge, President. T, T. Sheffield, Treasurer. J. N. Stearns, Cor. Secretary and Puhlishing Agent. YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Was founded in June, 1853, with a membership of 1,200; its membership is now about 3,500. The building was erected in 1869, at a cost of $485,000, and is held and man- aged by a Board of nine Trustees; the affairs of the Association are under the management of a Board of twenty Directors, who are elected by the members, and are persons in communion with at least five different Protestant Evangelical denominations. The membership is composed of three classes : Active members, members of Protestant Evangelical Churches, between the ages of sixteen and forty years; counselling members, over forty years of age; and associate members, to which latter class any man over sixteen years of age is eligible, and will be received by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary, upon presentation of satisfactory evidence of good moral character. They have the privileges of active members except the right to vote and to hold office, and to be members of committees. The annual fee for simple membership for all classes is two dollars. By pay- ment of this a member is entitled to use the Reading-room and Library. By payment of five dollars by active and associate members, they are entitled to all the privileges of the Association. The object of the Association, as stated in its constitution, is "the improve- ment of the mental, physical, social, and spiritual condition of young men." The Association seeks to accomplish these by the employment of the following agencies: Reading-room, Library, Literary Society; Classes in French, German, Spanish, Writing, Book-keeping, and Vocal Music ; Gymnasium, Bowling Alley, Baths, Lectures, Social Meetings and Entertainments; Bible Classes, Prayer meetings. Service of Song, and Sermons to Young Men. The rooms of the Association are open daily from eight o'clock in the morn- ing till ten o'clock at night. The Library, Receptic" Room and Parlors are open on the Lord's day in the afternoon from one : * a half to half -past nine o'clock. The Literary Society meets every Tuesday evening in the Lecture Room. Members of the Association are eligible to membership in the Society. Visitors are cordially invited. The Association has opened three branches in different parts of the City where young men are invited to spend their evenings : The Harlem Branch, 2291 Third avenue; the Torkmlle Branch, corner of Eighty-sixth street and Third avenue; CHURCHES OF NEW YORK. 129 and the Bowery Branch, at 134 Bowery. These have well-arranged and cheerful reading-rooms and halls for meetings. The first two branches are open from half-past seven o'clock to ten o'clock in the evening, and maintain prayer meet- ings, social receptions, entertainments, and in some instances lectures. OFFICERS 1875-76. William E, Dodge, Jr., President. Elbert H. Monroe, Vice-President. R. R. McBuRNEY, Corresponding Secretary. Jaimes a. Bennett, Recording Secretary. Jacob F. Wyckoff, Treasurer. Board of Directors. —Morris K. Jesup, James Stokes, jr., L. Bolton Bangs, James A. Bennett, Jacob F. Wyckoff, William F. Lee, John S. Bussing, J. V. Van Woert, jr., Waldron P. Brown, Robert R. McBurney, William H. S. Wood, William E. Dodge, jr., Cephas Brainerd, J. M. Cornell, G. M. Vanderlip, Wil- liam W. Hoppin, jr., Elbert B. Monroe, Riley A. Brick, W. H. Thomson, C. Vanderlip, jr. CHURCHES OF NEW YORK. Shoicing the Denomination, Location, Pastor, etc. The Hours of Service. — On the Sabbath : 10^ a.m., almost universally; afternoon, 3^ in winter, and 4 in summer ; evening 7i. Week-day evening services, usually Wednesday, 8 o'clock. BAPTIST. Abyssinian (col'd), 166 Waverly place ; pastor, Rev. Wm. Spelman. Amity, W. Fifty-fourth street, n. Eighth avenue ; pastor. Rev. W. R. Wil- liams, D.D. Berean, 35 Downing street; pastor, Rev. L. G. Barrett. Calvary, 50 W. Twenty-third street; pastor. Rev. R. S. Mc Arthur. Central, 220 W. Forty -second street; pastor, Rev. J. D. Herr. Central Park, E. Eighty-third street, n. Second avenue ; pastor, Rev. C. C. Norton. East, Madison street, cor. Gouverneur; pastor. Rev. W. S. Mikels. Ebenezer, 154 W. Thirty-sixth street; pastor, Rev. Wm. Benedict. Fifth avenue, W. Forty-sixth street, n. Fifth avenue ; pastor, Rev. Thomas Armitage, D. D. First, Park avenue, cor. E. Thirty -ninth street ; pastor. Rev. Thomas D. An- derson, D.D. First German, E. Fourteenth St., n. First avenue; pastor. Rev. G. A. Schults. First, Harlem, One-hundred-and-twenty-fif th street, n. Third av. ; pastor. Rev. George W. Samson, D.D. First Swedish; pastor, Rev. , First Mariners', Oliver street, cor. Henry; pastor, Rev. A. F. Perry. Grace, 405 W. Twenty- ninth street. Harlem Temple, One-hundred-and-twenty-fif th street, n. Fourth avenue ; pas- tor, Rev. . Macdougal street, 24 Macdougal street ; pastor. Rev. J. J. Muir. 130 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Madison avenue, Madison avenue, cor. E. Thirty -first street ; pastor, Rev. Jos. F. Elder, D.D. North, 120 Christopher street ; pastor, Rev. J. J. Brouner. Pilgrim, W. Thirty-third street, n. Eighth av. ; pastor. Rev. J. S. Kennard. Second German, 453 W. Forty-fifth street ; pastor, Rev. . Second, Harlem, One-hundred-and-eleventh street, bet. Third and Fourth avenues; pastor. Rev. Halsey Moore. Sixth street, 644 Sixth street ; pastor. Rev. D. C. Potter. Sixteenth, 257 W. Sixteenth street, n. Eighth av. ; pastor, Rev. D. B. Jutten. South, 235 W. Twenty-fifth street, n. Eighth avenue ; pastor. Rev. A. C. Os- born, D.D. Stanton street, 36 Stanton street, pastor, Rev. W. H. Leavell. Tabernacle, 162 Second avenue; pastor, Rev. J. B. Hawthorne. Trinity, E. Fifty-fifth street, n. Lexington av, ; pastor. Rev. J. S. Holme, D.D. W. Fifty-third street, W. Fifty-third street, n. Seventh avenue ; pastor, Sabbath services morning and evening. Tabernacle Church Mission, 189 E. Twentieth street. First Baptist Mission, Laight street, cor. Yarick; Rev. H. W. Knapp. Bethesda Baptist Misson, 233 E. Thirty-third street, n. Second avenue ; pas- tor, Rev. John Love. German Baptist Mission, 417 W. Fifty-third street, near Ninth avenue. Second Baptist Misson, Grand st., cor. Clinton; pastor, Rev. Samuel Alman. Bethany Baptist Mission, cor. Boulevard and Eighty-sixth street. Zion Baptist, 7 Seventh avenue. German Mission, Third avenue, near One-hundred-and-twenty-first street. Shiloh (col'd). Third avenue, near One-hundred-and-twcnth-sixth street. CONGREGATIONAL. Tabernacle, Sixth avenue, cor. W. Thirty-fourth street ; pastor, Rev. Wm. M. Taylor. Disciples, Madison av., cor. Forty-fifth street ; pastor, Rev. Geo. H. Hepworth. Harlem, Second avenue, cor. 125th street ; pastor. Rev. S. H. Virgin. Welsh, 206 E, Eleventh street ; pastor, Rev. D. S. Davis. Tabernacle Bethany Mission, Ninth avenue, cor. Thirty-sixth street ; pastor. Rev. W. Plested. ^ Mission, W. Fiftieth street, near Eighth avenue. AUiance Chapel, Sixty-eighth st. , n. Broadway; pastor. Rev. S. Colcord, jr. FRIENDS. Meeting-house, E. Fifteenth street, cor. Rutherford place. Meeting-house (orthodox), E. Twentieth street, near Third avenue. Meetmg-howse, 43 W. Twenty-seventh street, near Sixth avenue. Mission (orthodox), 303 E. Forty-first steeet. Mission (orthodox), 135 W. Thirtieth street, n. Sixth avenue. GREEK. Greek Mission, 951 Second avenue. JEWS. Adaareth El, 135 E. Twenty-ninth street. Adath Israel, E. Fifty-seventh street, n. First avenue. Ahawath Chesed, Lexington avenue, cor. E. Fifty-fifth street. CHURCHES OF NEW YORK. 131 Anshi Emeth, E. Houston street, cor. Ridge. Anshi Bikur Cholim, 127 Columbia street. Beth Cholim, 232 W. Twenty-eighth street. Beth El, 817 Lexington avenue, cor. Sixty-third. Beth Hamidrash, 78 Allen street. Beth Hamidrash, 2d, 153 Chatham street. Beth Israel Bikur Cholim, 56 Chrystie street. Bikur Cholim, U-Kadischa, 63 Chrystie street. Bnai Israel, 41 Stanton street. Bnai Jeshurun, 145 W. Thirty-fourth street. Bnai Sholom, 630 Fifth street. Chisuck Amuno, E. Fifty-fourth street, n. Third avenue. Darech Amuno, New York University. Emmanuel, Forty-third street, cor. Fifth avenue. Poel Zedeck, W. Twenty-ninth street, cor. Eighth avenue. Rodeph Scholem, 8 Clinton street. Shaari Berocho, 306 Sixth street. Shaari Roch Mim, 146 Norfolk street. Shaari Tephila, W. Forty-fourth street, n. Sixth avenue. Shaari Zedeck, 38 Henry street. Shaaer Hashamoin, 91 Rivington street. Shagnarai Tikva, Lexington avenue, n. E. Eighty-seventh street. Shearith Israel, W. Nineteenth street, n. Fifth avenue. Shearith Israel, 114 Columbia street. Synagogue, Third avenue, cor. 124th street. LUTHERAN. Trinity, Avenue B, cor. Ninth street; pastor, Rev. F. Koenig. St. James, 216 E. Fifteenth street; pastor. Rev. A. C. Wedekind, D.D. St. John's, 81 Christopher street; pastor, Rev. A. H. M. Held. St. Luke's, W. Forty-second street, n. Eighth av. ; pastor. Rev. W. Busse. St. Mark's, 323 Sixth street ; pastor. Rev. H. Raegener. St. Matthew's, 354 Broome street, cor. Elizabeth ; pastor. Rev. Justus Ru- perti, D. D. Emmanuel, E, Eighty-third street ; pastor. Rev. F. W. Foehlinger. Bethlehem, 492 Grand street ; pastor. Rev. C. Kuehn, St Paul's, 226 Sixth avenue ; pastor. Rev. F. W. Geissenhainer, D.D. St. Peter's, Lexington av. , cor. Forty-sixth st. ; pastor. Rev. Dr. E. Moldehnke. Holy Trinity, 47 W. Twenty-first street, n. Sixth avenue; pastor, Rev. Gt. F. Krotel, D. D. Emmanuel, E. Eighty-seventh street ; pastor, Rev. L. Half man. St. Paul's, W. 123d street, n. Seventh avenue ; pastor, Rev. Julius Ehrhart. Church of Our Saviour (Norwegian), 56 Monroe street; Rev. S. O. Juul. Gustavus Adolphus (Swedish), 153 E. Twenty-second street; Rev. J. G. Princell. St. John's, E. 119th street, n. Third avenue ; pastor, Rev. W. F. Seeger. Church of Christ, 648 Sixth street ; Rev. G. U. Wenner. Zion Mission, 153 E. Twenty-second street. St. Stephen's Mission, 116 Elizabeth street. Emigrant House Chapel, 16 State street ; Rev. W. Berkemeier, Luther Chapel, 435 E. Houston street. 132 NEW YORK AS IT IS. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. (Sabbath services in all the Methodist churches, morning and evening.) Alanson, 53 Norfolk street ; pastor, Rev. W. P. Estes. Allen street, 126 Allen street ; pastor, Rev. C. E. Harris. Bedford street, 28 Morton street; pastor. Rev. G. H. Gregory. Beekman Hill, 321 E. Fiftieth street, n. Second avenue ; pastor, Rev. W. H. Thomas. Bethel Ship, foot of Carlisle street; pastor. Rev. D. S. Sorlin. Central, 58 Seventh avenue; pastor. Rev. C. S. Harrower. Cornell Memorial, E. Seventy-sixth street , n. Second avenue ; pastor. Rev. J. S. Haugh. Duane, 294 Hudson street ; pastor. Rev. J. A. Edmonds. Eighteenth Street, 307 W. Eighteenth street ; pastor, Rev. M. S. Terry. Five Points' Mission, 61 Park street; pastor, Rev. C. S. Brown. Forsyth street, 10 Forsyth street; pastor. Rev. J. B. Merwin. Forty-fourth street, 461 W. Forty-fourth street ; pastor. Rev. S. I. Ferguson. Forty -third street, 253 W. Forty -third street ; pastor. Rev. W. H. Mickle. Free Tabernacle, 248 W. Thirty-fourth street; pastor, Rev. John Johns. German, 252 Second street ; pastor. Rev. C. Jost. German Mission, 846 W. Fortieth street ; pastor, Rev. C. F. Grimm. Grace, 104th street, n. Ninth avenue ; pastor. Rev. R. Wheatley. Greene street, 69 Greene street ; pastor, Rev. J. A. Edmonds. Hedding, 337 E. Seventeenth street; pastor, Rev. J. H. Lightbourne. Hope, 125th street, n. Sixth avenue; pastor. Rev. J. G. Oakley. Jane street, 13 Jane street; pastor. Rev. W. W. Sever. John street, 44 John street ; pastor. Rev. W. H. Depuy. Lexington avenue, Lexington avenue, corner Fifty-second street ; pastor. Rev. J. W. Selleck. Perry street, 122 Perry street ; pastor. Rev. W. Ostrander. Rose Hill, 223 East Twenty-seventh street ; pastor. Rev. W. W. Clark. St. James', Madison avenue, corner 126th street ; pastor. Rev. St. John's, W. 231 Fifty-third street ; pastor, J. M. King. St. Luke's, West Forty-first street, near Sixth avenue ; pastor. Rev. W. P. Abbott. St. Mark's (colored), 65 West Thirty-fifth street ; pastor. Rev. E. W. S. Peck. St. Paul's, Fourth avenue, corner Twenty-second street ; pastor, Rev. J. A. M. Chapman. Second avenue. Second avenue, corner 119th street ; pastor. Rev. T. Burch. Second street, 276 Second street ; pastor. Rev. W. McAllister. Seventh street, 24 Seventh street ; pastor. Rev. J. S. Willis. South Harlem, 111th street, near Lexington avenue; pastor, Rev. A. Yon Comp. Thirtieth street, 331 West Thirtieth street; pastor. Rev. G. H. Corey. Thirty-fifth street, near Tenth avenue ; pastor, Rev. A. C. Morehouse. Thirty-seventh street, 223 East Thirty-seventh street ; pastor. Rev. W. H. Russell. Twenty-fourth street, 359 West Twenty-fourth street ; pastor, Rev. T. Lodge. Washington Square, 137 West Fourth street ; pastor, Rev. W. Lloyd. Washington Heights, Washington Heights ; pastor, Rev. H. H. Birkins. Willett street, 7 Willett street ; pastor, J. V. Saunders. CHURCHES OF NEW YORK. 133 Torkville, E. Eighty-sixth street, n. Fourth avenue; pastor; Rev. A. D. Vail. Mission, 647 East Sixteenth street. " Broadway, corner Sixty-ninth street ; pastor. Rev. W. S. Bouton. Sixty-first street chapel. Sixty-first street, near Third avenue ; pastor. Rev. R. Crook. Mission, 197 Mott street. " 186 Franklin street. Eleventh street Chapel, 545 East Eleventh street, near Avenue B ; pastor. Rev. A. Graham. German Mission, Pearl street, corner Madison street ; pastor, Rev. F. W. Boese. Willett Mission, Cannon street, near Broome. German Mission, 98 Eighth street, near First avenue; pastor, Rev. C. Scherfi". Emmanuel Mission (colored), 87 Attorney street ; pastor, Rev. J. A. Davis. Wesley Mission, 292 Stanton street, cor. Cannon ; pastor. Rev. R. Roden. AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL. African Union, 161 West Fifteenth street ; pastor, Rev. W. Hutchings. Bethel, 214 Sullivan street ; pastor. Rev. Henry Davis. ^ion, 331 Bleecker street ; pastor. Rev. Jacob Thomas. African Union, 132 West Thirtieth street ; pastor. Rev. P. Hopkins. Little Zion. East 117tli street, near Fourth avenue ; pastor, . Eethel Mission, 106 West Thirtieth street. FREE METHODIST. J'ree Methodist, 329 West Thirty-seventh street; pastor. Rev. M. N. Downing. CALVINISTIC METHODIST. Welsh, 225 East Thirteenth street ; pastor. Rev. . MORAVIAN. Moravian Church, Lexington avenue, corner East Thirtieth street ; pastor. Rev. A. A. Reinke. Moravian Mission, 636 Sixth street ; pastor. Rev. Theodore Sonderman. I^RESBYTERIAN. Allen streeet, 61 Allen street, near Grand ; pastor. Rev. George O. Phelps. Brick, Fifth avenue, corner Thirty-seventh street ; pastor, Rev. . Canal street, Greene street, near Canal ; pastor. Rev. . Central, West Fifty-sixth street, near Broadway ; pastor. Rev. James D. Wilson. Covenant, Park avenue, corner East Thirty-fifth street ; pastor, Rev. M. R. Vincent, D.D. Covenant, (colored), Prince street, corner Sullivan street ; pastor, Rev. T. C. Oliver. Eighty-fourth street. West Eighty-fourth street, near Boulevard ; pastor, Rev. W. W. Newell. D.D. Fifth avenue, Fifth avenue, corner West Fifty-fifth street ; pastor, Rev. John Hall, D.D. First, Fifth avenue corner West Eleventh street ; pastor, Rev. William M. Paxton, D.D. 134 NEW TOEK AS IT IS. Fourth avenue, 286 Fourth avenue, corner East Twenty-second street ; pastor^ Rev. Howard Crosb}^ D.D. Fourteenth street, E. Fourteenth street, cor. Second avenue, pastor. Rev. Francis H. Marling. Fourth, West Thirty-fourth street, near Sixth avenue ; pastor, Rev. Joseph R. Kerr. French Evangelical, 9 University place ; pastor, Rev, H. L. Grandlienard. German, 290 Madison street ; pastor. Rev. B. Krusi. Harlem, E. 125th street, n. Fifth avenue ; pastor, Rev. J. S. Ramsay. Madison square, Madison avenue, cor. East Twenty-fourth street; pastor. Rev. W. J. Tucker, D.D. Manhattanville, Ninth avenue, cor. 126th street; pastor, Rev. . Memorial, Madison avenue, cor. Fifty-third street ; pastor. Rev. C. S. Robin- son, D.D. Mount Washington, Inwood ; pastor, Rev. Geo. S. Payson. Murray Hill, E. Fortieth street, n. Lexington avenue ; pastor, Rev. George S.. Chambers. New York, 167 W. Eleventh street ; pastor, Rev. W. W. Page. North, Ninth avenue, cor. ^Y. Thirty -first street ; pastor. Rev. S, B. Rossiter.. Phillips, E. Seventy-third street, cor. Madison avenue; pastor, Samuel D.. Alexander, D.D. Puritans, W. 130th street, n. Fifth avenue; pastor emeritus. Rev. George' B. Cheever, D.D. ; pastor, Rev. Edward L. Clark. Rutgers, Madison avenue, cor, E. Twenty-ninth street ; pastor, Rev. N. W.. Conkhng, D.D. Scotch, 53 W. Fourteenth street, n. Sixth avenue ; pastors. Rev. Joseph McEl- roy, D.D., and Rev. S. M. Hamihon. Sea and Land, Market street, cor. Henry ; pastor. Rev. Edward Hopper, D, D. Seventh, Broome street, cor. Ridge ; pastor, . Shiloh (colored), 140 Sixth avenue, and 135 W. Thirtieth street; pastor. Rev. H. H. Garnet, D.D. Spring street, 246 Spring street, n, Varick; pastor. Rev, G. M, McCampbell. Thirteenth street, 145 W. Thirteenth street ; pastor. Rev. Samuel D. Burchard,, D.D. University place, University place, cor. Tenth street; pastor. Rev. Robert R> Booth, D.D. Washington Heights, 155th street, cor. Boulevard; pastor, Rev. Charles A.. Stoddard, D.D. West, W, Forty-second street, n. Fifth avenue ; pastor, Rev. Thomas S, Hast- ings, D.D. Westminster, 151 W. Twenty-second street, n. Seventh avenue ; pastor, Rev. G. D. Matthews. West Twenty-third street, W. Twenty-third street, n. Seventh avenue ; pastor,, Rev. Erskine N. White, D.D. First Union, Yorkville, 145 E. Eighty-sixth street; pastor. Rev, James. Latimor. Chapel of Brick Church, 228 W. Thirty-fifth street, n. Seventh avenue ; pastor. Rev. Joseph J. Lampe. Chapel of Fifth avenue Church, 127 Seventh avenue. Alexander Chapel of Fifth avenue Church, 7 and 9 King street; pastor, Rev„ H. A, Davenport, CHURCHES OF NEW YORK. 135 Mission of Fifth avenue Cliurch, 416 E. Fourteentli street, n. First avenue. Chapel of First Church, 35 W. Twelfth street. Mission of W. Twenty-third street Church, 273 W. Twenty-fifth street. Chapel of University place Church, 167 W. Eleventh street. Emmanuel Chapel of University place Church, Sixth street, n. Avenue D ; pastor. Rev. Erastus Seymour. Memorial Chapel of Madison square Church, E. Thirtieth street, n. Third avenue ; pastor, Rev. Charles H. Payson. German Mission of Madison square Church, 206 E. Thirty-first street ; pastor. Rev. M. A. Erdman. Grace Chapel of Fourth avenue Church, 340 E. Twenty-second street, n. First avenue; pastor, Rev. J. W. Earnshaw. Chinese Mission of Fourth avenue Church, 523 Pearl street. Hope Mission of Fourth avenue Church, avenue C, cor. Fourth street ; pastor, Rev. W. F. Matthews. Faith Chapel of West Church, 419 W. Forty-sixth street, n. Ninth avenue ; pastor. Rev. James H. Hoadley. Memorial Chapel of Convenant Church, 306 E. Forty-second street, n. Sec- ond avenue ; pastor. Rev Howard A. Talbot. Mission ot Fourteenth street Church, E. Twelfth street, n. avenue B. Mission of Seventh Church, 203 Rivington street. Krebs Mission (colored), 59 Thompson street. Salem Mission of Scotch Church, 185 Spring street. Emmanuel Mission of Scotch Church, 54 W. Fifteenth street. Westside Chapel of Fourth Presbyterian Church, 439 W. Thirty-third street. Bethesda Mission of Rutgers Presbyterian Church, 336 W. Twenty-ninth street. Goodwill Mission of Memorial Church, Second avenue, cor. Fifty-second st. Mission of Murray Hill Church, 30 Stuyvesant street. UNITED PRESBYTERIAN. Eleventh street, 206 E, Eleventh street ; pastor. Rev. J. D. Turner, Jane street, 41 Jane street ; pastor. Rev. Robert Scott. Seventh avenue, 29 Seventh avenue ; pastor. Rev. S. H. Graham. Seventh, 434 W. Forty-fourth street ; pastor. Rev. G. Campbell. _ Third, 41 Charles street; pastor. Rev. Hugh H, Blair. West Twenty-fifth street, 161 W. Twenty-fifth street ; pastor. Rev. John Kirk- patrick. Harlem, E, 127th street, n. Third avenue ; pastor, . Charles street Mission, Eighth avenue, cor. Thirty-fourth street. Mission, Third avenue, cor. Eighty-sixth street. Harlem, E. 116th street, bet. Second and Third avenues; pastor, Rev. J. S. McCulloch. REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN. First, 123 W. Twelfth street; pastor. Rev. Wm. Wylie. First, 426 W. Twenty-eighth street ; pastor. Rev. J. C. K. Milligan. Second, 221 W. Thirty-ninth street, n. Seventh avenue ; pastor, Rev. Andrew Stevenson, D.D. Third, 238 W. Twenty-third street; pastor, Rev. David Gregg. Fourth, 365 W. Forty-eighth St., n. Ninth av. ; pastor, Rev. James Kennedy. Mission, 440 W. Fortieth street. 136 NEW YORK AS IT IS. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. All Angels', W. Eighty-first St., n. Eleventh av. ; rector, Rev. C. F. Hoffman. All Saints', 286 Henry street; rector. Rev. W. N. Bunnell. Annunciation, 142 W. Fourteenth street; rector. Rev. Wm. J. Seabury. Anthon Memorial, 139 W. Forty-eighth street, n. Seventh av. ; rector, Rev. R. H. Newton. Ascension, Fifth av., cor. Tenth st. ; rector. Rev. John Cotton Smith, D. D. Atonement, Madison av. , cor. Twenty-eighth st. ; rector, Rev. C. C. Tiffany. Beloved Disciple, Madison avenue, cor. Eighty-ninth st. Calvary, Fourth av., cor. E. Twenty-first st.; rector, Rev. E. A.Washburn,D.D. Chapel of Holy Comforter, 365 West street; rector. Rev. H. F. Roberts. Chapel of Our' Saviour, foot of Pike St., E. R. ; rector, Rev. R. J. Walker. Christ, Fifth av., cor. Thirty -fifth St.; rector. Rev. H. M. Thompson, D. D. Du St. Esprit, 30 West Twenty-second street; rector. Rev. Leon Pons. (French). Epiphany, 228 East Fiftieth street ; rector, Rev. U. T. Tracy. Grace, 800 Broadway; rector, Rev. H. C. Potter, D. D. Grace, E. One-hundred-and-sixteenth street, n. Second av. ; rector, Rev. D. B. Ray. Heavenly Rest, Fifth avenue, n. E. Forty-fifth street; rector. Rev. R. S. How- land, D.D. Holy Apostles', Ninth avenue, cor. W. Twenty-eighth street; rector, Rev. John P. Lundy. Holy Communion, Sixth avenue, cor. Twentieth street; rector. Rev. Francis E. Lawrence. Holy Martyrs, 39 Forsyth street ; rector. Rev. James Millett. Holy Saviour, E. Twenty-fifth street, n. Madison avenue; rector. Rev. A. B. Carter, D. D. Holy Sepulchre, E. Seventy-fourth street, n. Fourth avenue; rector. Rev. James T. Smith. Holy Trinity, Madison avenue, cor. E. Forty-second street; rector, Rev. Stephen H. Tyng, Jr., D. D. Holy Trinity of Harlem, Fifth av. , cor. 125th st. ; rector, Rev. R. H. McKim. Incarnation, Madison av. , cor. Thirty -fifth st. ; rector, Rev. Arthur Brooks. Intercession, 158th St., cor. Eleventh av. ; rector. Rev. E. W. Donald. Mediator, Eleventh avenue, n. Fifty-first street ; rector. Rev. John McCaffrey. Nativity, 70 Avenue C ; rector. Rev. Caleb Clapp. Redeemer, E. Eighty-second street., cor. Fourth av. ; rector, J. W. Shackel- ford. Resurrection, E. Eighty -fifth St., n. Third av. ; rector. Rev. J. W. Trimble. Santiago, 30 W. Twenty-second st. ; minister. Rev. J. D. Palma. St. Alban's, E. Forty-seventh street, n. Lexington avenue : rector, Rev. C. W. Morrill. St. Ambrose, 117 Thompson street; rector. Rev. H. T. Widdemer. St. Andrews, 137th st., n Fourth av. ; rector. Rev. G. B. Draper, D.D. St. Ann's, 7 W. Eighteenth st. ; rector. Rev. Thomas Gallaudet, D.D. St. Bartholomew's, Madison av. ; cor. Forty -fourth st. ; rector. Rev. Samuel Cooke, D.D. St. George's, Rutherford pi., cor. E. Sixteenth St.; Rev. Stephen H.Tyng,D.D. St. Clement's, 108 Amity St.; rector, Rev. Theodore A. Eaton, D.D. St. Ignatius, W. Fortieth street, n. Sixth av. ; rector. Rev. F. C. Ewer, D.D. CHUKCHES OF NEW YORK. 137 St. James', E. Seventy-second st., n. Third av.; rector, Rev. C. B. Smith. St. John Baptist, 261 Lexington av.; rector, Rev. C. R. Duffie, D.D. St. John Evangelist, 223 W. Eleventh St.; rector, Rev. Wra. T. Egbert. St. John's, 46 Varick street; rector, Rev. S. H. Weston, D.D. St. Luke's, 483 Hudson street; rector. Rev. I. H. Tuttle, D.D. St. Mark's, Stuyvesant St., cor. Second av. ; rector. Rev. J. H. Rylance, D.D. St. Mary's, W. 128th St., n. Tenth av.; rector. Rev. C. C. Adams. St. Mary's, Forty -fifth st. , n. Seventh av. ; rector. Rev. T. M. Brown. St. Michael's, Broadway.c. Ninety -ninth st. ; rector. Rev.T. M. C.Peters,D.D, St. Paul's, Broadway, cor. Vesey St.; rector. Rev, B. I. Haight, D.D. St. Peter's, 340 W. Twentieth St.; rector. Rev. Alfred B. Beach, D.D. St. Phillip's (colored), 305 Mulberry st. ; rector, Rev. J. S. Atwell. St. Stephen's, 53 W. Forty-sixth St., n. Sixth av.; rector, Rev. Joseph H. Price, D. D. St. Thomas', Fifth av., cor. Fifty-third st.; rector. Rev. W. F. Morgan, D.D. St. Timothy, W. Fifty- seventh street, n. Eighth avenue; rector. Rev. G. J. Geer, D.D. Transfiguration, E. Twenty-ninth street, n. Fifth avenue ; rector. Rev. G. H. Houghton, D.D. Trinity, Broadway, opp. Wall street; rector. Rev. Morgan Dix, D.D. Trinity Chapel, 15 W. Twenty-fifth street; rector. Rev. C. E. Swope, D.D. Zion, Madison avenae, cor. Thirty-eighth street; rector. Rev. J. N. Gallaher. Calvary Chapel, 218 E. Twenty- third street; minister. Rev. W. D. Walker. Rutger Street Mission, 58 Rutgers street ; minister. Rev. . St. George's Mission, Chapel of Free Grace, 408 E. Nineteenth street; minis- ter, Rev. . St. George's Mission, German, 420 E. Fourteenth street; minister, Rev. J. C. Fleischacker. St. George's Mission, Chapel of Bread of Life, 420 E. Fourteenth street. St. Mark's Mission, 141 Avenue A ; minister. Rev. S. A. McNulty. Ascension Chapel of Shepherd's Flock, 330 W. Forty-third street; minister, Rev. John F. Steen. Ascension Chapel of Comforter. Greenwich street, cor. Jane. Mission Chapel of St. Thomas' Church, E. Sixtieth street, near Second av. Atonement Chapel, 418 W. Forty-first street ; minister. Rev. George Howell. Grace Chapel, E. Twenty-third street, near Tliird avenue; minister, Rev. J. W. Kramer. St. Chrysostom Chapel, Seventh avenue, cor. Thirty-ninth street; minister. Rev. T. H. Sill, 226 W. Fortieth. St. Augustine Chapel, 264 Bowery; minister. Rev. A. C. Kimber. Incarnation Chapel of Reconciliation, 242 E. Thirty-first street; minister. Rev. E. S. Widdemer. Bethlehem Mission, Ninth avenue, cor. Eighty-third street; minister. Rev. F. Oertel. St. Barnabas Chapel, 306 Mulberry street; minister, Rev. C. T. Woodruff. Mission Chapel, 130 Stanton street. French, in Chapel, Fourth avenue, near Twenty-first street; minister. Rev. Emile Borel. Italian, in St. Ambrose Church, 117 Thompson and 46 Franklin streets; min- ister, Rev. C. Stauder, 814 Greenwich street. Mission, 352 W. Thirty-fifth. 138 NEW YORK AS IT IS. REFORMED EPISCOPAL. First Reformed Episcopal, Madison avenue, cor. Forty-seventh street ; rectOFj, Rev. W. T. Sabine. Second Reformed Episcopal, W. 26tli near 7tli av. ; rector, Rev. George Howell. REFORMED. Bloomingdale, W. Seventy-first street, n. Ninth avenue; paster. Rev. Enoch Van Aken. Collegiate, Lafayette place, cor. Fourth street ; pastor, Rev. Talbot W. Cham- bers, D.D. Col leijiate. Fifth avenue, cor. Twenty-ninth street; pastor, Rev. Wm. Ormis- ton. D.b. Collegiate, Fifth avenue, cor. Forty-eighth street; pastors, Rev. Thomas E. Yermilye, D.D., and Rev. James M. Ludlow, D.D. Fourth German Mission, 246 W. Fortieth street, n. Eighth avenue ; pastor. Rev. J. H. Oerter. German Evangelical Mission, 141 E. Houston street; pastor. Rev. Julius W. Geyer. German Reformed Protestant, 129 ISTorfolk street; pastor, Rev. Henry A. Friedel. Harlem, Third avenue, cor. 121st street; pastor, Rev. G. H. Mandeville, D.D. Holland, W. Twenty-ninth street, n. Ninth av. ; pastor. Rev. A. H. M. Bech- thold. Madison avenue, Madison avenue, cor. Fifty-seventh street ; pastor, Prospect Hill, E. Eighty-fifth street, near Second avenue; pastor. Rev. D. M. L. Quackiubush, t>. D. South, Fifth avenue, cor. Twentv-first street; pastor. Rev. E. P. Rogers, D.D, Thirty-fourth street, 307 W. Thirty-fourth street ; pastor, St. Paul's, Sixth avenue, cor. Forty-second street ; pastor. Rev. . Union, 25 Sixth avenue ; pastor, Rev. W. B. Merritt. Wasliington Ileights, Washington Heights. Washington Square, Wooster street, cor. Washington place; pastor. Rev. iVlanciusS. Hut ton, D.D. Collegiate Mission, 160 W. Twenty-ninth street; pastor, Rev. J. H. Bertholf. Collegiate Mission, 514 Ninth avenue, near Thirty-ninth street ; pastor. Rev. W. H. De Hart Collegiate Mission, Seventh avenue, cor. Fifty-fourth street ; pastor. Rev. V. B. Carroll. Collegiate Mission, Fulton street, near William ; pastor, Rev. George J. Mingings. South Church Mission Chapel, 348 W. Twenty-sixth street. Thirty-fourth Street Church Mission, 405 W. Twenty-ninth street. German Evangelical Mission, 71 Avenue B, cor. Fifth street ; pastor. Rev. M. N. Steffens. German Evangelical Mission, Second avenue, N. W. cor. Fifty-second street. ROMAN CATHOLIC. Annunciation, W. 131st street, n. Broadway ; priest. Rev, J. J. Griffen. Assumption, W. Forty-ninth street, n. Ninth avenue ; priest, Rev. B. Stroehle. Epiphany, Second avenue n. Twenty-second street ; priest, Rev. R. L. BurtselL ROMAN CATHOLIC CATHREDAL-FIFTH AVENUE. CHUKCHES OF NEW YORK. 139 Holy Cross, 335 W. Forty-second street ; priest, Rev. P. McCarthy. Holy Innocents, W. Tliirty-seventli st. n. Broadway ; priest, Rev. John Larkin. Holy Name of Jesus, Broadway n. Ninety-seventh st. ; priest. Rev. R. Brennan. Immaculate Conception, 505 E. Fourteenth street ; priest. Rev. John Edwards. Most Holy Redeemer. 165 Third street ; priest, Rev. Joseph Wirth. Nativity, 46 Second avenue ; priest, Rev. William Everett. New Cathedral, (building), Fifth Avenue. Our Lady of Sorrow, 105 Pitt street ; priest, Rev. Ivo Prass. St. Agnes, E. Forty-third St., n. Third ave. ; priest. Rev. Henry C. McDonelL St. Alphonso's, 10 Thompson street ; priest, Rev. Eugene Grimm. St. Andrew's, Duane street cor. City Hall place ; priest, Rev. Michael Curran. St. Ann's, 112 E. 12th street ; priest. Rev. T. S. Preston. St. Anthony's, 143 Sullivan street ; priest, Rev. James Titta. St. Bernard's, 334 W. Fourteenth st. n. Ninth ave. ; priest. Rev. G. A. Healey,. St. Boniface, E. Forty-seventh street n. Second avenue ; priest, Rev. M. Nicot.. St. Bridget's, Avenue B, cor. Eighth street ; priest. Rev. Thomas J. Mooney.. St Cecilia, 105th st., bet. First and Second avs. ; priest. Rev. Hugh Flattery. St. Colomba's, 339 W. Twenty-fifth street ; priest, Rev. M. McAleer. St. Elizabeth, Broadway, cor. One-hundred-and-eighty-seventh street ; priest,. Rev, Henry A. Brown. St. Francis, 139 W. Thirty-first street ; priest, Rev. Eugene Dikovich. St. Francis Xavier, 36 W. Sixteenth street ; priest. Rev. D. Merrick. St. Gabriel's, E. Thirty-seventh st. , n. Second av. ; priest. Rev. W. H. dowry. St. James's, 32 James street ; priest. Rev. F. H. Farrelly. St. John Baptist, 209 W. Thirtieth street ; priest. Rev. B. Frey. St John Evangelist, E. Fiftieth st., n. Fifth av. ; priest. Rev. James McMahon. St Joseph's, Sixth av., cor. W. Washington pi. ; priest. Rev. Thomas FarrelL St. Joseph's (German), W. 125th street, n. Ninth av. ; priest. Rev. A. Kessler. St. Lawrence, E. Eighty-fourth st. , n Fourth av. ; priest. Rev. Florentine Acherd.. St. Mary's, 438 Grand street : Rev. E. J. O'Reilly. St Mary Magdalen ; E. Seventeenth street, n. Avenue B. St. Michael's, 407 W. Thirty-first street ; priest, Rev. Arthur S. Donnelly. St. Nicholas, 125 Second street ; priest. Rev. F. Krebesz. St. Patrick's Cathedral, Mott street, cor. Prince ; His Eminence John McCLOSKEY, D.D.* ^ -r m XX 1 St Paul's, W. Fifty-ninth street, n. Ninth avenue ; priest, Rev, I. T. Hecker. St Paul's, E. 117th street, n. Fourth avenue ; priest. Rev, Eugene Maguire. St. Peter's, Barclay street, cor. Church ; priest. Rev. M. J. O'Farrell. St. Rose of Lima, 32 Cannon street ; priest. Rev, M, McKenna. St. Stanislaus, 264 Madison. x^ „ ^, St. Stephen's, 149 E. Twenty-eighth street ; priest, Rev. E. McGlynn. St Theresa, Rutgers street cor. Henry ; priest, Rev. James Boyce. St Vincent de Paul, 127 W. Twenty-third st . ; priest, Rev, Edmund AuvriL St. Vincent, Lexington av. , cor Sixty-fifth st. ; priest,Rev. M. D . Lilly. Transfiguration, Mott street, cor. Park ; priest. Rev. J. H. McGean. (The residence of the clergy is usually found adjoining the church they serve,^ * Created Cardinal Priest of the Holy Roman Catholic Church, March 15, 1875, 140 NEW YORK AS IT IS. UNION OR UNDENOMINATIONAL CHURCHES AND MISSIONS. Marinors' Church, cor. Madison and Catharine ; pastor, Rev. E. D. Murphy. Port Society Mission. Port Society Mission, Dover street, cor. "Water. Howard Mission, 40 New Bowery. Wilson Mission, Avenue A, cor. Eighth street ; pastor, Rev. . Church of the Strangers, Neilson pi. (Mercer st.) n. Eighth street ; pastor, Pev. C. F. Deems, D. D. Olivet Chapel, 63 Second street ; pastor. Rev. A. F. Schauffler. Lebanon Chapel, 70 Columbia street ; pastor. Rev. J. H. Bradley. Church of the Disciples, Madison av., cor. Forty-fifth st. ; pastor, Rev. George H. Hepworth. Carmel Chapel, 134 Bowery ; pastor. Rev. D. Stuart Dodge, 134 Bowery. Rose Memorial Chapel, 418 W. Forty-first street ; pastor. Calvary Chapel, 153 Worth street ; pastor. DeWitt Chapel, 135 Greenwich street ; pastor, Rev. George Hatt. Alliance Chapel, h Sixty-eighth street, n. Broadway; pastor. Rev. S. Colcord, jr. UNITARIAN. All Soul's, Fourth avenue, cor. E. Twentieth street ; pastor, Rev. H. W. Bel- lows, D. D. Messiah, Park avenue, cor. E. Thirty-fourth street ; pastor. Rev. W. R. Alger. Third, Sixth avenue, n. Forty-second street ; pastor, Rev. O. B. Frothingham. Fourth, E. 128th street, n. Fourth avenue; pastor. Rev. W. T. Clarke. Mission, 30 Stuyvesant street, Plimpton Building. UNIVERSALIST. Third, 266 Bleecker st. ; pastor. Rev. E. T. Sweetzer. Fourth, Fifth av. cor. Forty-fifth street ; pastor. Rev. Edwin H. Chapin, D.D. Our Saviour, W. Fifty-seventh street, n. Eighth avenue ; pastor, Rev. Jamea M. Pullman. Mission, 127th street, n. Fourth avenue ; pastor, Rev. Charles Fluhrer. Universalist Association, Sixth avenue, cor. Thirty-third street. Mission, Plimpton Building, 30 Stuyvesant street. Mission, Brevoort Hotel, E. Fifty-fourth street, a. Third avenue. MISCELLANEOUS. Christian Israelites, 108 First street. German Evangelical Reformed, 97 'Suffolk street. Disciples, 24 W. Twenty-eighth st. German Evangelical, 138 W. Twenty- iourth street. Second Advent, 405 Grand street. " " Cooper Union, Room 24. First Congregational Methodist, W. Twenty-fourth street, near Sixth av. German Swedenborgian, 141 Christie street. True Reformed Church, Perry street, cor. West Fourth. Mission, 435 E. Houston street. Mission, 180 Wooster street. Mission, Broad way, cor. Forty-third St. Phelps' Mission, 335 E. Thirty-fifth st. Mission, W. Fiftieth st. ,near Eighth av. Camp Mission, 116 Elizabeth street. Mission, 405 W. Twenty-ninth street. Catholic Apostolic, 128 W. Sixteenth st Swedenborgian, 68 E. Thirty-fifth st. Messiah, Second Advent. Welsh Church, 225 E. Thirteenth st. CHUECHES OF NEW YORK. 141 Second Advent, 68 E. Broadway. fourth street. Mission, 454 W. Twenty -ninth street. Mission. Ninth avenue, cor. Thirty- sixth street. German Mission, W. Fifty-first street, near Tenth avenue. German Mission, Eighth avenue, near Sixty-eighth street. Mission, 69 Ludlow street. Mission, Third avenue, cor. Eighty- sixth street. Mission, Third avenue, near 114th st. Italian Mission, 99 South Fifth av. Mission, 845 W. Twenty-eighth st. Star Mission, 169 W. Twenty-sixth st. Mission, Eighth avenue, cor. Thirty- There are four societies of Spiritualists, four clubs of Free Thinkers and In- ifidels, a company of Comte's followers, and other circles of a similar character^ who advertise meetings weekly, in various halls throughout the City. Total number of Churches and Missions, 470. NEW YORK CITY MISSIONS. 135 Greenwich street. I 134 Bowery. 153 Worth street. | 63 Second street. 70 Columbia street. MIDNIGHT MISSION. Home, 260 Greene street. MISSIONS AT THE FIVE POINTS. Ladies' M. E. Mission, 61 Park street. Services every Sabbath at 3 p. m. House of Industry, 155 Worth street. " " " HOWARD MISSION. Howard Mission, 40 New Bowery. Services every Sabbath at 3 p. m. CHURCHES FOR SEAMEN. 74 Madison street. Oliver street, cor. Henr}^ Market street, cor. Henry. Bethel, Pike street. East River. Bethel. Pier 11, North River. Dover street, cor. Water. 135 Greenwich street. 22 South street. 34 Pike street. 365 West street. Bethel, 75 Beach street. FREE CHURCHES. There will be found in almost every Protestant Church some free seats, and more or less generous attention paid to strangers. All of the mission churches, in chapels, halls, and bethels, at least fifty in number, are held with open doors, and all persons are freely invited to enter. In addition to these, there are fifteen to twenty of the regularly incorporated churches which are known as free-seat churches ; and many of the old-established churches advertise every week a Sab- bath evening service, where all the seats are entirely free, and all comers are made welcome. NEW YORK PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CITY MISSION SOCIETY. RT. REV. BISHOP HORATIO POTTER, PRESIDENT. This Society employs eight missionaries and Bible-readers, who are chiefly engaged in laboring in the public institutions on Blackwell's Island, Ward's Island, Randall's Island, and in the hospitals, prisons, and asylums in the city. The Society has also opened a House of Refuge, at 304 Mulberry street, for the 142 NEW TOYK AS IT IS. lodging of friendless women, for the protection of strangers, and the saving of -wanderers. A mission chapel is opened at 306 Mulberry street, and a reading- room at 308 Mulberry street. For further information apply at 306 Mulberry street. THE NEW YORK CITY CHURCH EXTENSION" AND MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. John B. Cornell, President. The object of this Society is to promote Missions and Church Extension in the City of New York, in connection with the Methodist Episcopal Church. The oflace of the Society is at 805 Broadway, corner Eleventh street. NEW YORK CITY COMMITTEE OP THE AMERICAN CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY. NO. 3 BIBLE HOUSE. This Committee is engaged in establishing mission chapels, and sending out City missionaries to extend the Kingdom of Christ in the City in connection with the Protestant Episcopal Church. CITY MISSIONARY SOCIETY. This Society is engaged in establishing and sustaining mission churches in connection with the Protestant Reformed Church. Wm. E. Barnes, Sec'y, 29 South street. Gamaliel G. Smith, Treas. , 342 Pearl street. THE NEW YORK CITY MISSION AND TRACT SOCIETY. Instituted 1827. Reorganized and Incorporated 1866. Lewis E. Jackson, Cor. Sec. and Assist. Treas. office, 50 bible house. It is the oldest organization of the kind in the city, entirely unsectarian, de- signed to give the gospel to the needy. It employs 30 missionaries, male and female, who are daily visiting the poor. It has 6 mission stations. It holda 100 meetings weekly. It sustains preaching services. Sabbath-schools, reading- rooms, etc. It gives popular lectures and social entertainments to the people. It furnishes a field for the employment of the lay talent of the churches. It has erected a mission station at No. 63 Second street, known as Olivet Chapel, at a cost ot $20,000, which has been pronounced a model of its kind, ami has, in conjunction with the House of Industry, built the commodious and attractive Calvary Chapel, 153 Worth street, and has purchased and fitted up three other houses for missionary purposes, and holds in all real estate to the value of $100,000. The money contributed for the Mission Building Fund is kept entirely distinct from donations to the general work, and is either represented in real estate unencumbered or good investments. SABBATH SCHOOLS. The latest census gives 356 Protestant Sabbath-schools, with 88,287 scholars: •on roll, and an average attendance of 56,187. And of Roman Catholics, Jews, ■ etc., there are 59 Sabbath Schools, having 27,589 scholars on roll, and an average attendance of 18,274. CEMETERIES. 143 TOTAL NUMBER OF CITY MISSIONARIES IN NEW YORK. The total number of City missionaries in New York may be set down at 266, Avho probably make 800,000 visits a year. Besides these, there are hundreds of tract visitors, and hundredsof poor visitors and other voluntary agents of various churches and societies who are going about continually doing good. TOTAL NUMBER OF MISSIONS IN NEW YORK. There are 140 Protestant Missions in the City where Sabbath schools and preach- ing and other religious and moral services for adults, or children, or both, are regularly carried on. Of this number, 45 are permanently established in suit- able, commodious church-like buildings, with the ministry, the ordinances, and the government that usually appertain to churches, though they be not regu- larly incorporated as such. CEMETERIES. Calvary. — Office, 266 Mulberry street. The grounds are in Newtown, L. I., about two miles from East Tenth Street Ferry. M. Rowan, Supenntendent. City. — On Hart's Island. Office, 66 Third avenue, corner East Eleventh street. L. C. Dunphy, Superintendent. Cypress. — Office, 124 Bowery. The grounds are situated on the northerly- side of the Jamaica Turnpike, about five miles from Williamsburg ferries. N. G. Palmer, Superintendent. Evergreen.— Office, 163 Bowery. Located three miles east of Brooklyn. Greenwood.— Office, 30 Broadway. The grounds are situated in Brooklyn, on Gowanus Heights, about two and a half miles from Hamilton Avenue Ferry. The Cemetery, opened in September, 1840, now contains about 450 acres ; interments to January, 1875, 172,890. Henry E. Pierrepont, President. J. A. Perry, Secretary and Comptroller. Lutheran. — Office, 293 Broadway. Grounds on the Jamaica turnpike road, near Middle Village, L. I. , four miles from the Williamburg ferries. Marble.— Office, 65 Second street. Grounds in Second street, between First and Second avenues. James H. Hull, Keeper. Machpelah.— Office, 160 West Twenty-fourth street. The grounds are lo- cated at New Durham, Hudson Co., N. J., about one mile from Weehawken Ferry. Robert McClintock, President. Walter T. Miller, Secretary. Mount Pleasant.— Located on Buffalo avenue, Brooklyn, four miles from Fulton Ferry. Robert Williams, President. New York Bay.— Office, 5 Dey street. The grounds are on the Bergen Point plank road, two and a half miles from Jersey City Ferry. T. H. Buck- master, Secretary. Trinity Church.— Office, 187 Fulton street. The grounds are between West 153d and West 155th streets, between Tenth avenue and the North River. James Amin, Keeper. Union.— Office, 192 Rivington street. The grounds are located near Wyckoff avenue, Brooklyn, three and a half miles from the WiUiamsburg ferries. Joshua Brown, President. J. S. Cronk, Secretary. 144 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Woodlawn.— Office, 48 East Twenty-third street. The grounds, 380 acres, are in the Twenty-fourth Ward of the City of New York, near the Westchester Co. Line, six miles from Harlem Bridge, on the line of the Harlem Railroad, The Southwest entrance, for carriages, on Central avenue. Benevolent Associations. FOR POOR. Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, 59 Bible House. Ladies Union Relief Association, Mrs. Kennedy, 135 W. Twenty-second st. For the Employment and Relief of the Poor, for women, 143 E. Thirteenth sti " "■ " " for women, 120 W. Sixteenth St. " " " " for women, 876 Broadway. " " "for all, 155 Worth st. Ladies' Mission of the Protestant Espiscopal Church to the Public Institutions* 296 Madison avenue. St. John's Guild, St. John's Chapel, 52 Varick street. For the Employment and Relief of the Poor, for women and children, 29 E. Twenty-ninth street. Commissioners of Charities for Out-Door Poor, 66 Third avenue, corner Eleventh street. Labor Exchange, for Emigrants, Castle Garden. The Society for the Relief of Poor Widows with Small Children, Mrs. Trins- dale, 205 W. Thirteenth. The New York Female Assistance Society, for Sick Poor (give food and clothing), Mrs. Purdy, 30 W. Thirty-third street. For the Employment of Women, 64 Irving place, cor. Eighteenth street. Working Women's Protective Union, for Women, 38 Bleecker street. Bureau of Employment for Men and Women, Nos. 8 and 10 Eighth street. Sisters of the Stranger, 4 Winthrop place, Greene street, near Eighth. Friends' Mission for Colored People, 135 W. Thirtieth street. Stranger's Friend, for Men, 316 Water street. Ladies' Missionary Association, 46 Catharine street. Food for the Destitute Sick, 525 West Fifty-first street, and 306 W. Fifty- second street. New York Diet Kitchen, food for the sick, 110 and 374 Second avenue. Women's Educational and Industrial Society, Sewing and other Schools for Women, 47 E. Tenth street. School of Trades, to teach people how to work, 124 W. Twenty-sixth street. The United Hebrew Charities, 59 Fourth street. A s y 1 u ms , FOR AGED. Home for Aged Israelites, 822 Lexington avenue, cor. Sixty-third street. Association fo*: l*espectable Aged Indigent Females, 226 E. Twentieth street. Protestant Episcopal Home for Aged, Madison avenue, cor. Eighty-ninth st. Baptist Home for Aged, Sixty-eighth street, near Fourth avenue. Methodist Episcopal Home for Aged, 255 W. Forty-second street. Presbyterian Home for Aged, Seventy-third street, near Madison avenue. ASYLUMS BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES. 145 Colored Home, foot of E. Sixty-fifth street, East River. Samaritan Home for Aged Men and Women, 409 Fourteenth st. , cor. Ninth av. St. Joseph's Home, Roman Catholic, 203 W. Fifteenth street. St. Stephen's Home, Roman Catholic, 145 E. Twenty-eighth street. Home for Aged Men and Women, Roman Catholic, 179 E. Seventieth street. Chapin Home, E. Sixty-sixth street, near Lexington avenue. Home for Aged Men and Aged Couples, 485 Hudson street. Home for Aged Men, St. Johnland, refer to Rev. Dr. Muhlenberg, St. Luke's Hospital. Trinity Chapel Home for Aged Women, 208 W. Twenty-seventh street. FOR WOMEN. Lying-in-Asylum, 85 Marion street. Lying-in-Asylum, E. Fifty-first street, cor. Lexington avenue. Infant Asylum, for Mothers and Infants, 24 Clinton place, and Tenth avenue, cor. Sixty-first street. FOR BLIND. New York Institution for the Blind, Ninth avenue, near Thirty-fourth street. Destitute Blind, 219 W. Fourteenth street. FOR DEAF AND DUMB. New York Institution for Deaf and Dumb, W. 162d street, near Bloomingdale road Association for Deaf Mutes, 642 Seventh avenue, near Forty-fifth street. Home for Deaf Mutes, 220 E. Thirteenth street. FOR LUNATICS. Asylum for Lunatics, W. 117th street, near Tenth avenue ; office, 8 West Sixteenth street. Asylum for Lunatics, Blackwell's Island ; office, 66 Third avenue. FOR INEBRIATES. Asylum for Inebriates, Ward's Island ; office, 66 Third avenue. FOR SOLDIERS. Asylum for Soldiers, Ward's Island ; office, 66 Third avenue. Benevolent Societies. Ancient Britons' Benefit Society, meets at 35 Bayard street first Tuesday in each month. Ancient Order of Hibernians ; the Board of Directors meet first Monday in January, April, July and October, at 28 Prince street. Blind Mechanics' Association, 432 W. Thirty-sixth street. Bnai Jeshurun Benevolent Society, 145 W. Thirty-fourth street. Father Mathew Total Abstinence Benefit Society, 401 Second avenue, and 214 Bowery. Franklin German Benevolent Society, meets first Monday in each month at 26 Delancey street. French Benevolent Society, 21 Houston, or refer to F. R. Coudert, 49 Wall st. 146 NEW YOEK AS IT IS. Friendly Sons of St. Patrick, refer to Hon. John R. Brady. German Mutual Assistance Society, for Widows and Orphans, 23 Frankfort st. German Ladies Aid Society, 350 Broome street, cor. Elizabeth street. Germania Benevolent Society, meets first and third Thursdays of each month at 10 Stanton street. Hebrew Benevolent Society, 6 Walker street. Hebrew Charities, 59 Fourth street. Irish Emigrant Society, 51 Chambers street. Italian Benevolent Society, 69 Fulton street, Bureau for Labor, 302 Pearl street. Life Saving Benevolent Association, refer to Elwood Walter, 35 Wall street.. Lutheran Emigrant Home, 16 State street. Montefiore Widow and Orphan and Benevolent Society, meets Broadway, cor. W. Twenty-ninth street. New York Benefit Society of Operative Masons. New York Diet Kitchen, 374 Second avenue, refer to C. L. Tiffany, 15 Union square. New York Society for the Relief of Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, refer to Dr. Smith, 14 E. Seventeenth street. New York Typographical Society, 3 Chambers street. Prison Association, 19 Centre street. Public Health Association, refer to Dr. Harris, 58 Bible House. St. David's Benevolent Society, meets on the third Monday of March, June, Septem'ber, and December, at 214 Bowery. St. Vincent de Paul (Roman Catholic), refer to Dr. H. J. Anderson, 266 Mul- berry street. Swiss Benevolent Society, 63 Bleecker street and 19 John street. Teutonia Benevolent Society, meets second and fourth Tuesday in each month at 10 Stanton street. United Hands, meets at 56 Orchard street. Working Women's Union, 38 Bleecker street. Ladies' Missionary Association for the Fourth Ward, 46 Catharine street. The Life Saving Society, Dr. Howard, Secretary. Society for Suppression of Vice, refer to Young Men's Christian Association. Charities. Bureau of Charities, for the better organization of the City Charities, refer to Henry E. Pellow, 18 W. 33d st. Christian Associations. FOR YOUNG WOMEN. Ladies' Christian Home Association, Boarding-house for Young Women, 27 and 28 Washington square ; Temporary Home, 133 Macdougal street. Female Christian Home, 314 East Fifteenth street. New York Business Women's Union, 222 Madison street. AVomen's Library, 38 Bleecker street. Young Ladies' Christian Association, Library, etc. , 64 Irving place, cor. 18th street. Young Women's Aid Association, 85 East Fourth street. DISPENSAEIES — EDUCATION SOCIETIES. 147 City Missions. l^ev^ York City Mission and Tract Society, 50 Bible House. City Missionary Society of tlie Reformed Churcli, 34 Vesey street. Sabbath school and Churcli Extension Committee of the Presbytery of New Tork, refer to Dr. Roosa, 20 East Thirtieth street. Protestant Episcopal City Mission, 306 Mulberry street. New York City Church Extension and Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 805 Broadway, cor. Eleventh street. New York City Committee of the Protestant Episcopal Church, 3 Bible House. Midnight Mission, 306 Mulberry street. Female City Mission, 50 Bible House. Female Bible Readers' Mission, 6 Bible House. Baptist City Mission, 76 EastNinth street. Dispensaries. Central, 934 Eighth avenue. Demilt, Second avenue, cor. Twenty-third street. Eastern, Essex Market, 57 Essex street. Eclectic, 228 East Twenty-sixth street. German, 332 West Fortieth street, 65 St. Mark's place. Homoeopathic, at 59 Bond street, 423 West Thirty-fourth street, Bleecker street, cor. Mulberry, 307 East Fifty-fifth street, 109 West Thirty-fourth street, Third avenue, cor. Twenty-third street, 228 East Broadway, 578 Ninth avenue, 201 East JEighty-third street. Manhattan, 246 East Thirteenth street. New York, Centre street, cor. White. Northeastern, 222 East Fifty-ninth street. Northern, Waverly place, cor. Christopher street. Northwestern, Ninth avenue, cor. Thirty-sixth street. Orthopoedic, 126 East Fifty-ninth street. Harlem, 188 East One-hundred-and-twenty-second street. Hoffman, 153 West Twenty-eighth street. Western, 334 Ninth avenue. Yorkvillc, 1476 Third avenue. For Diseases of Throat and Chest, 49 University place. For Diseases of the Skin, 101 East Thirtieth street, cor. Fourth avenue. For the Ear, West Thirty-sixth street, cor. Ninth avenue. For Tumors, 101 East Thirtieth street. Women's Dispensary, 39 West Sixteenth street and Lexington avenue and Thirty-seventh street. For Children, 406 East Fifteenth street. Diet Kitchens, refer to C. L. Tiffany, 15 Union square. Trinity Infirmary, for Sick Poor, 50 Varick street. Education Societies. Board of Education of Presbyterian Church, 23 Centre street. Board of Education of Reformed Church, 34 Vesey street. Board of Education of Protestant Episcopal Church, 5 Cooper Union. Society for Collegiate Education at West, 62 Bible House. House of the Evangelists, 52 Seventh street. Bethany Institute, 69 Second avenue, corner Fourth street. 148 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Homes. Home for the Friendless, 29 East Twenty-nintli street. Home for Colored Aged, foot of East Sixty-fifth street, East River. House of Mercy, foot of West Eighty-sixth street. North River. Home for Women, 304 and 306 Mulberry street. Home for Training Young Girls, 41 Seventh avenue, corner Thirteenth street. Home for Mothers and Infants, 24 Clinton place, and Tenth avenue, corner- West Sixty-first street. Home for Women, 260 Greene street. Home for Women, 273 Water street. Home for Girls, 86 West Fourth street. House of Industry, 155 Worth street. House of Industry, 120 West Sixteenth street. Home of Prison Association, 213 Tenth avenue. Magdalen Asylum, Eighty-eighth street, near Fifth avenue. Infants' Home, Lexington avenue, corner East Fifty-first street. Home for Foundlings (Roman Catholic), Lexington av, and Sixty-eighth str Home for Incurables, A. M. Campbell, Superintendent, Fordham. Young Women's Home, 27 and 28 Washington square. Business Women's Home, 222 Madison street. House of Good Shepherd (Roman Catholic), foot of East Eighty-ninth street. East River. Home for Aged Men, Ninth avenue, corner Fourteenth street. Home for Little Wanderers, 40 New Bowery. Home for Soldiers, Ward's Island. Home for Sailors, 190 Cherry street. Home for Blind, 219 West Fourteenth street. House of Rest for Consumptives, refer to H. J. Cammann, 8 Wall street. St. Joseph's (Roman Catholic), East Eighty-first street, n. Madison avenue. St. Stephen's Home (Roman Catholic), 138 East Twenty-eighth street. Home for Aged Israelites, Lexington avenue, corner Sixty-third street. Home for Babies, refer to 131 Lexington avenue. Industrial Home for Jewesses, 145 West Thirty-fourth street. Shelter for Girls, 334 Sixth avenue. Temporary Home for Women, 133 Macdougal street. Home Missions. American Home Missionary Society, 34 Bible House. Presbyterian Board of Home Missions, 23 Centre street. Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 805 Broadway, corner Eleventh street. American Church Missionary Society, Protestant Episcopal Church, 3 Bible House. American Missionary Association, 56 Reade street. American Christian Society for Jews, refer to Rev. J. C. K. Milligan, 30^ West Fifty-second street. Military Post Library Association, 58 Broadway. American Baptist Home Mission, 150 Nassau street. American Congregational Union, 69 Bible House. American and Foreign Christian Union, 47 Bible House. FOREIGN MISSIONS INSTITUTIONS FOR CHILDREN. 149 jLadies Board of Missions, 20 Washington square. Society for Collegiate and Theological Education, 62 Bible House. Foreign Missions. American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, 39 Bible House. American Colonization Society, 44 Bible House. Board of Foreign Missions, Reformed Church, 34 Vesey street. Missionary Society of Methodist Episcopal Church, 805 Broadway, corner ^Eleventh street. Board of Foreign Missions of Presbyterian Church, 23 Centre street. Board of Foreign Missions of Protestant Episcopal Church, 23 Bible House. American Church Missionary Society of Protestant Episcopal Church, 3 Bible House. American Missionary Association, 56 Reade street. American Baptist Free Mission, 37 Park row. American and Foreign Christian Union, 47 Bible House. American Baptist Missionary Union, 76 East Ninth street. Woman's Union JVIissionary Society, 47 East Twenty-first street. Ladies Board of Missions, 20 Washington square. Institutions for Children. The Girls' Lodging House, 27 St. Mark's place. The Newsboys' Lodging House, William street, cor. Chambers street. Italian School, 46 Franklin street. iSheltering Arms, Tenth avenue, and 129th street. Refuge for Homeless Children, 211 West Eighteenth street. 3oys' Lodging House, 709 East Eleventh street. House of Refuge, Randall's Island; office, 61 Bible House. JFive Points House of Industry, 155, 157, 159 Worth street. New York Ladies' Home Missionary Society, 61 Park street. N. Y. Juvenile Asylum, 175th street, High Bridge ; House of Reception, 61 W. Thirteenth street. Howard Mission, 40 New Bowery. Wilson Industrial School, 127 Avenue A, cor. Eighth street. Society for the Protection of Destitute Roman Catholic Children, 29 Reade street ; 15 E. Eighty-sixth street ; and Westchester. Children's Aid Society, 19 E. Fourth street. Union Home for Soldiers' Children, 151st street, near Eleventh avenue. American Female Guardian Society, 29 E. Twenty-ninth street. Home for Christian Care, refer to Rev. S. H. Tyng, Jr., D. D. House of the Good Shepherd, Rockland Co., refer to Rev. G. Gay, Jr., Tompkins Cove, Rockland Co., N. Y. St. Johnland, refer to Rev. Dr. Muhlenberg, St. Luke's Hospital. St. Paul's Mission House, Day Nursery, 28 Cortlandt street. Roman Catholic Industrial School for Soldiers' Children, E. Eighty -first street, near Madison avenue. Home for Seamen's Children, Staten Island. Shepherd's Fold, E. Eighty-sixth street, n. Second avenue. Wayside Home School, 405 W. Twenty-ninth street. For Befriending Children (Roman Catholic), 135 Second avenue. Children's Fold, 437 E. Fifty-eighth street. 160 NEW YORK AS IT IS. N, Y. Infant Asylum, 24 Clinton place. Dispensary for Sick Children, 406 E. Fifteenth street. St. Vincent Home (Iloman Catholic), for Boys, 53 Warren street. Summer Boarding for Poor Children, Staten Island, refer to Children'! Aid Society, 19 E. Fourth street. Orphan Asylums. New York Orphan, Bloomingdale road, near West Seventy-third street ; apply for admission at 109 East Twenty-first street, Wednesdays. Leake and Watts Orphan House, West 111th street and Ninth avenue. Hebrew Orphan and Half Orphan, East Seventy-seventh st. , near Third av. Colored Orphan Asylum, Tenth avenue and 143d street. . Orphans' Home of the Prot. Epis. Church, E. Forty-ninth St., n. Lexington av.. Koman Catholic Orphan, for Girls, Prince street, corner Mott. " " for Boys, Fifth avenue, corner Fifty-first street, " " " for Girls, East Eighty-sixth street, near Second av. " " " Madison avenue, corner Fifty-second street. " " " Madison avenue, corner Eighty-first street. Protestant Half Orpnan, 65 West Tenth street, near Sixth avenue. Wartburg Orphans' Farm School, Mount Vernon, Westchester county. St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum (Roman Catholic), E. Eighty-sixth st. , cor. Av. A. St. Vincent de Paul Orphan Society (Roman Catholic), 209 W. Thirty-ninth St.. Prison Associations. National Prison Association, 320 Broadway, Room 52. Prison Association of New York, 58 Bible House. Aid of Prisoners, 19 Centre street. Aid of Female Prisoners, 110 Second avenue. Reform. For Prisoners, 19 Centre street. Female Prisoners, 110 Second avenue. Magdalen Asylum, Eighty-eighth street, near Fifth avenue. For Juvenile Delinquents, House of Refuge, Randall's Island, office 61 Bible House. House of Mercy for Women, West Eightj^-sixth street. North River. St. Barnabas Home for Women, 306 Mulberry street. Home lor Girls, 86 West Fourth street. Midnight Mission, for Women, 260 Greene street. For Inebriates, Ward's Island. House of Mercy, Roman Catholic, East Eighty-ninth street. East River. Juvenile Asylum, for Children, 61 West Thirteenth street. House of the Good Shepherd, for Women, West Eighty-sixth St., North River.. Hou-eof the Good Shepherd, Roman Catholic, E. Eighty-ninth St., East River.. I or Women, 273 Water street. Prison Association, 58 Bible House. Retreat. Bible Woman's Rest-awhilo. Summer boarding for Women and Children,, St» Johnland, L. I., refer to Rev. Dr. Muhlenberg, St. Luke's Hospital.. SOCIETIES. 151 Seamen's Societies. American Seamen's Friend, 80 Wall street. Marine Society, 12 Old Slip. Marine Temperance Society, 72 Madison street. Protestant Episcopal Church Missionary Society for Seamen, 74 Wall street. Mariners' Family Industrial Society, 72 Madison street. Mariners' Guide and Wanderers' Aid Society, Oliver street, corner Henry st. Sailors' Home, 190 Cherry street. Society for promoting the Gospel among Seamen in the port of New York (usually called the Port Society), 72 Madison street. Seamen's Exchange, 187 Cherry street. Beading matter for Soldiers and Sailors may be sent to 72 Madison street and 58 Broadway. Sunday School Societies. American Sunday school Union, 8 Bible House. New York Sunday school Association, 304 Fourth av. and Twenty-third st. Protestant Episcopal Sunday school Union, 713 Broadway. Methodist Episcopal Sunday school Union, 805 Broadway, cor. Eleventh st. New York Sunday school Missionary Union, 8 Bible House. Baptist Sunday school Union, 76 East Ninth street. Presbyterian Sunday school Association, refer to Dr. Roosa, 20 E. Thirtieth st. Tract Societies. American Tract Society, 150 Nassau street. Protestant Episcopal Tract Society, 5 Cooper Union. Tract Society of Methodist Episcopal Church, 805 Broadway, cor. Eleventh st, American Tract Society (of Boston), Hurd & Houghton, 13 Astor place. Baptist Tract Society, 76 East Ninth street. Willard Tract Depository, 239 Fourth avenue. State Charities. State Commission of Public Charities, 58 Bible House. State Charities Aid Association, office, E. Twentieth st. Training Schools for Christian Workers. House of Evangelists, for men, 52 Seventh street. Bethany Institute, for women, 69 Seventh avenue, cor. Fourth street. Training School for Nurses, Bellevue Hospital. Office, 52 E. Twentieth st.. Home, 314 E. Twenty-sixth street. Temperance Societies. National Temperance Society, 58 Reade street. Marine Temperance Society, 72 Madison street. There are of Sons of Temperance, Good Templars, and other orders, 70 meet- ings weekly; and there are 30 Father Mathew Temperance Societies. Inebriate Asylums. Kings County Inebriate Asylum, Fort Hamilton, L. I.— Hon. J. S. T. Strana- han, President; Rev. John Willetts, Superintendent. Ward's Island Asylum for Inebriates, near New York City— Under charge of the Commissioners of Charities and Correction. Dr. W. R. Fisher, Resident Physician. OflBce, 63 Thi-rd avenue. 152 NEW YORK AS IT IS. NEW YORK SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO CHILDREN. OfiQce, 860 Broadway. Incorporated April, 1875. OFFICERS for 1875-76. John D. Wright, President. Vice-Presidents. — James Brown, Augustus Belmont, Peter Cooper, Theodore Roosevelt, Wm. E. Dodge, Henry Bergli, Jonathan Thome, Eldridge T. Gerry, Robert L. Stuart, Cornelius Vanderbilt. Wm. L. Jenkins, Treasurer. E. Fellows Jenkins, Secretary. AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS. Headquarters, Fourth Avenue, cor. Twenty-second Street. This Institution was incorporated April 10, 1866, by the Legislature of the State of New York. The objects of the Society are : to provide effective means for the prevention of cruelty to animals throughout the United States ; to en- force all laws which are now or may hereafter be enacted for the protection of animals, and to secure by lawful means the arrest, conviction and punishment of all persons violating such laws. The society to consist of resident, non-resi- dent, honorary, corresponding and ex-ojicio members OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY. Henry Bergh, President. Vice-Presidents.— ILenrj W. Bellows, Elbridge T. Gerry, James Brown, Ben- jamin D. Hicks, Horace B. Claflin, John T. Hoffman, Peter Cooper, Marshall O. Roberts, John A. Dix, Moses Taylor. Executive Committee.—^. M. Beckwith, Charles Lanier, John M. Bixby, Frank Leslie, Thomas C. Doremus, Charles H. Marshall, Nathan C. Ely, Edw. Matthews, Elbridge T. Gerry, Royal Phelps, Frederic Gallatin, James Stokes, Townsend Harris, Charles L. Tiffany, Alexander Van Rensselaer. Charles Lanier, Treasurer. Elbridge T. Gerry, Counsel. N. P. Hosack, Secretary. Thos. W. Hartfield, Superintendent CITY HOSPITALS. Bellevue, foot of East Twenty-sixth street. East River. Children's Hospital, East Fifty-first street, near Lexington avenue. German, Fourth avenue, corner Seventy-seventh street. Home for Incurables, Fordham. Address A. M. Campbell, Superintendent, Fordham. Hospital for Diseases of the Nervous System, Second avenue, corner St. Mark's place. Hospital for Foundlings, East Fifty-first street, near Lexington avenue. Hospital for Foundlings (Roman Catholic), Sixty-eighth St., near Third av. Lymg-in Hospital, Lexington avenue, corner East Fifty-first street. Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, 233 East Thirty-fourth street. HOSPITALS. 153 Metropolitan Throat Hospital, 17 Stuyvesant street. Mount Sinai, Lexington avenue, corner Sixty-sixth street. New York, Bloomingdale ; office, 8 "West Sixteenth street. New York Eye Infirmary, 216 Second avenue. New York Hospital and College, for Women, Lexington avenue, corner Thirty-seventh street. New York Infirmary for Women, 14 Livingston place, and 126 Second avenue. New York Ophthalmic, Third avenue, corner Twenty-third street. Ophthalmic and Aural, 46 East Twelfth street. Presbyterian Hospital, Madison avenue and Seventieth street. Rest for Consumptives, Tremont, refer to H. J. Cammann, 8 Wall street. Hoosevelt Hospital, Ninth avenue, corner Fifty-eighth street. Ruptured and Crippled, Lexington avenue, corner Forty-second street. Seamen's Friend and Retreat, Staten Island. St. Francis' Hospital (Roman Catholic), Fifth street, near Avenue B. St. Luke's, West Fifty-fourth street, corner Fifth avenue. St. Vincent's (Roman Catholic), 195 West Eleventh street. Strangers', Avenue D, corner Tenth street. Ward's Island; office. Castle Garden. Woman's Hospital, East Forty-ninth street, cor. Fourth avenue. Saint Mary's Free Hospital for Children. The success of the Saint Mary's Free Hospital for Children, which was opened five years ago by a few persons, who quietly made themselves responsible for the rent and maintenance of a building, is now a fact beyond doubt. At the l)eginning, the Institution was placed, by those who agreed to maintain the ex- periment, under the supervision of Bishop Potter, while the hospital work was put in charge of the Sisters of Saint Mary. A removal to larger premises, at No. 407 West Thirty-fourth street, was found necessary three years ago, and during the last two years it has become evident that a large and suitable building, with all the modern hospital conve- niences, has become a positive necessity. A movement is on foot for the pur- chase of the present house and the grounds adjacent, and on the lots east of the house it is proposed to build the new hospital. The cost of this ground and the liouse will be about $25,000, which sum it is proposed to raise by subscription. There is no distinction made on account of religious creeds in the admission of patients into the Institution, and as it is the only child's hospital of the kind in the country, it is hoped that all persons, irrespective of creed, will give it aid and sympathy. Contributions may be sent to and certificates received from the Hospital, No. 407 West Thirty -fourth street, New York City. NEW YORK HOSPITAL. Office, No. 8 West Sixteenth street : i^Lihrary^ Patliological Cabinet and Business Office of the Hospital and Blooming- dale Asylum.) This institution was founded 1770; chartered by George III., July 13, 1771 ; corner-stone laid July 27, 1773. Patients first admitted, Jan. 3, 1791. The old building finally vacated February, 1870. The property heretofore known as the " Thorn Mansion," on West Sixteenth 154 NEW YORK AS IT IS Street, has been purchased by " The Society of the New York Hospital," to- gether with the surrounding land, forming a plot 125x103 feet on Sixteenth street, and 75x103 feet on Fifteenth street, in the rear. The above building will be used for the administration purposes of the Society^ and will contain, in addition, its extensive Library and Pathological Cabinet. The Hospital will accommodate about 150 patients, or a larger number if more land adjoining can be purchased, in which it is intended to care for persons in- jured by accidents, or who may be taken suddenly ill in the streets in the west- erly and southerly districts of the City. OFFICERS, 1876. Robert Lenox Kennedy, President. James W. Beekman, Vice-President. Wm. H. Macy, Treasurer. David Colden Murray, Secretary. Together with a Board of Governors. Bellevue Hospital Entrance, foot of Twenty- sixth Street, East River. Established November, 182G, as a Hospital for the sick and the insane poor. Present number of beds, 1,000; provision for 1,200. Maximum charge for patients, $3.50 per week, which is expected only from those abundantly able to pay. Contagious diseases not admitted. The medical management is vested in a Medical Board, who meet on the first of every month, to assign from their number the visiting staff to the several divisions. The admission of patients (between 10 A.M. and 3 P.M.) is readily procurable upon the recommendation of a physician. Accidents and sudden illness at anj time, day and night. Hours for visitors, from 11 A.M. to 3 P.M., daily. St. Luke'3 Hospital. Fifty-fourth Street, between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. The object of this corporation is "the establishment, support, and manage- ment of an institution to be known as St. Luke's Hospital, for the purpose of affording medical and surgical aid and nursing to sick or disabled persons, and also to provide them, while inmates of the Hospital, with the ministrations of the Gospel, agreeably to the doctrines and forms of the Protestant Episcopal Church. A further object of the Society is the instructing and training of suitable persons in the art of nursing and attending upon the sick." This noble institution was founded by the Rev. William A. Muhlenberg^ \J. D., in 1846, since which time, liberal donations have been contributed, spa- cious ground purchased, and a large edifice erected. The corner-stone of the building was laid in 1854, and finished in 1857, at a cost of upwards of $100,000. 1 he Hospital is under the control of a Board of thirty-one Managers. The othcersot the Society are a President, two Vice-Presidents, a Treasurer and a becretary. The professional staff" consists of four attending and four consulting- physicians. Wm. a. Muhlenberg, Pastcn^ and Superintendents Geo. M. MiLj^er, Secretary. - s PART VII. PARKS AND PUBLIC SQUARES, STREETS, CITY RAILROADS, «&c. THE BATTERY, Formerly the moet attractive spot on the Island, is situated at the southernmost terminus of the City, facing the harbor of New York ; connected with the, Battery is Castle Garden. BOWLING GREEN. Near the Battery, at the entrance to Broadway, is the small enclosure so- called from having been used as such prior to the Revolution. Here stood, at the commencement of the Revolutionary struggle, the leaden statue of Georgfe III., which was pulled down and melted into bullets, to be used by the Americans. CITY HALL PARK, Is an enclosure of about ten acres, containing the City Hall, Court House, and other public buildings, also the new United States Post Office, which is one of the finest buildings in America. A new fountain, which is very elaborate in appearance, has recently been erected in this Park. WASHINGTON SQUARE, Was formed by laying out the ground formerly occupied as a Potter's Field. On the east side is the University Building. South Fifth Avenue now bisects- this Park. UNION SQUARE, Facing Broadway on the south and west, extends from Fourteenth to Seven- teenth streets, and from Fourth avenue to University place. At the south side- is the bronze equestrian statue of Washington, and opposite, on Broadway side^ stands the statue of Abraham Lincoln. GRAMERCY PARK, Situated a little to the northeast of the above, is a select and beautiful enclosure- on a smaller scale. This Park is private property, having been ceded to the; owners of the surrounding lots by Samuel B, Ruggles, Esq, 156 NEW YORK AS IT IS. STUYVESANT PARK lExtends from Fifteenth to Seventeenth street, and is divided by the intersecting passage of the Second avenue. The Rev. Dr. Tyng's Church is upon the west :side of this Park. The ground was presented by the late Peter G. Stuyvesant, Esq., to the corporation of this Church. TOMPKINS SQUARE, Ten and one-half acres in extent, occupying the area formed by Avenues A and 3, and Seventh and Tenth streets, is uow used as a parade ground, but orders have been issued to place it in its former condition as a park. MADISON SQUARE, Comprising ten acres, is at the junction of Broadway and Fifth Avenue. On the west side stands the monument of General Worth. Facing the square stands the Fifth Avenue Hotel. RESERVOIR PARK. Reservoir Square is located between the Fifth and Sixth avenues, and For- tieth and Forty-second streets, and has an extent of between nine and ten acres, ^ipon one-half of which is the Distributing Reservoir. The other, or western half, once had upon it the New York Crystal Palace, but since the destruction of that building by the fire of 1858, the grounds have been kept open as a park. MT. MORRIS SQUARE. Mt. Morris Square presents the anomalous appearance of an abrupt hill, with thickly- wooded sides, rising from the midst of a plain that has no other hills upon it. It "heads off" the Fifth avenue at One-hundred-and-twentieth street, and extends as far north as One-hundred-and-twenty-fourth street, and its area is over twenty acres. This is a favorite resort for the citizens of Harlem and its vicinity. RIVERSIDE PARK, Situated on the bank of the noble Hudson, between Seventy-second and One- hundred-and-twenty-ninth streets, is a long narrow strip of land, almost entirely on the river slope, comprising some eighty-two acres, and at present possessing no other than natural beauties. When finished as proposed, it will, no doubt, be the noblest park in the world of its extent. MORNINGSIDE PARK Is another grand contemplated improvement, being a newly laid out piece of ^ound forming the area between Eighth and Tenth avenues and One-hundred- and-tenth to One-hundred-and-twenty-third streets. The land here is so ex- cessively irregular that it could not have been, under any circumstances, adapted to building purposes. PARKS. 15T Under the control of the present Commissioners, all of the above-named parks have lately undergone a marked improvement. Many of them, more especially the Battery Grounds, were a disgrace to the city, but they are no\r being fast transformed into miniature paradises ; all have been entirely re- modeled, and in some the changes have been so radical that they would not be recognized as the old spots by persons who have been absent from the city for the past five years ; Union Square, Washington Square and the Battery Grounds are notable instances of the entire and complete changes that have been effected;, the most prominent of these is the removal of the iron railings and fences, and the placing of numerous lights along the paths, making all portions of the ground as visible as in the day time. Let these contemplated improvements be finished as proposed, then New York, including the attractions of Central Park, will be a most splendid metropolis, equal to any city in the world as regards ornament and commercial advantages. CENTRAL PARK, The largest of all our parks, was laid out in 1857. It is two and one-half miles long, three-fifths of a mile wide, and contains 843 acres. It has cost over $12,000,000, and is now maintained at an annual expense of about $250,000. It has twelve entrances, contains five and a-half miles of bridle path, nine and a-half of carriage roads, and twenty-eight miles of walks. The old Arsenal, at the southeast entrance, is a three-story stone structure, filled with the collections of the society of "American Museum of Natural History." Outside of this structure are large cages, with bears, eagles, serpents, and many other varieties of animals. The lakes and fountains in the Park are exquisitely beautiful. The old Croton Reservoir covers 35^ acres, and new Croton Reservoir 106^ acres, elevated 115 feet above tide-water. In the northern section stands the old convent, the chapel of which is now a gallery of art, containing the finest collection of statuary m the country. Near this are also the Nursery grounds, covering two and a-half acres, A large Zoological Garden is constructed, with underground accommodations for bears, seals, the walrus, beaver, &c. The Park contains the best Meteorological Observatory in America; also a fine Astronomical Observatory. There is also a Paleozoic Museum, containing life- . size representations of most of the animals believed to have existed in America during the secondary and post-tertiary geological periods. The Park, exclusive of the water areas, contains 707i acres, the total area being 843 acres ; as a whole it is a museum of genius and curiosity, presenting everywhere the choicest aspects of nature and art. 158 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. No wagons or carts a^o allowed on its drives, but by an ingenious device four streets cross it from Fifth to Eighth avenues, under the Park roads; these streets :are 65th, 79th, 85th, and 97th. The Second, Third, and Fourth avenue cars convey passengers to 65th street, on the east side of the city, and Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth avenue cars convey passengers on the west side of the city ; also, the Elevated Railroad, running through Greenwich street and Ninth avenue. Central Park — Areas of Surface, &c. Length of Park from 59th to 110th street 13,507 feet. JBreadth " 5th to 8th avenue 2,718 " Superficial ai'ea - 843 acres. " " ground known as Manhattan Square 19 " Total Park area .-. 862 " Water Surface, &c. Elevation, Acres. Fett. Area, exterior to inclosure — Broad walks. 3 ' ' occupied by four Transverse Roads 9 " " new Croton Reservoir. 106^ 115.20 old Reservoir 35i 115.20 Total area of Park within inclosure, exclusive of above areas 707i acres. Area, occupied by Carriage Roads 49^ acres. Bridle Paths- -- 15 " Walks 38^ " Total-..- 103 " Length of Carriage Roads completed 9^ miles. " Bridle Roads completed 5^ " Walks completed. 28 " OBJECTS OF INTEREST IN CENTRAL PARK. Copied from the Central Park Map. 1. Humboldt Monument. 2. The Pond. 3. Museum and Park Offices. 4. Dairy. 5. Children's Cottage. 6. Children's Summer House. 7. Ball Players' House. <8. Playground. S. The Green. 10. Statue of Commerce. 11. Carrousel. 12. The Marble Arch. 13. Shakspeare Monument. 14. The Mall. 15. Oak and Elm, planted by Prince of Wales. 16. Music Pavilion. 17. Yine-covered Walk. CENTRAL PAEK HACKNEY COxVCHES. 15^ 18. Carriage Concourse. 46. Stable. 19. Casino, Refreshment House 47. Reservoir Keeper's House. 20. Croquet Players' House. 48. Spring. 21. The Terrace. 49. The Knoll. 22. Fountain. 50. North Gate House. 23. Bronze Statue of Tigers. 51. The West Meadow. 34. Drinking Fountain for Horses. 52. The East Meadow. 25. Mineral Spring Building. 53. The Pool. 26. Site for Refectory. 54. The Loch. 27. The Lake. 55. Mount St. Vincent House of Re 28. The Bow Bridge. freshment. 29. Ladies' Cottage. 56. The Nursery. 30. Balcony Bridge. 57. Old Fortification. 31. West Carriage Step— entrance to 58. Harlem Lake. Ramble. 59. The Cliffs. 32. Schiller's Monument. 60. Block House, War of 1812. S3. Gentlemen's Cottage. 61. The Briars. 34. The Ramble. 62. Seventh Regiment Monument. 35. The Tunnel. 63. The Great Hill. 36. The Belvedere. 64. Deer Paddock. 37. The Cedars. 65. Sheep Cote. 38. East Carriage Step — entrance to 66. Fifth Avenue Plaza and Fountam. Ramble. 67. The Circle. 39. Evergreen Walk. 68. Arbor. 40. Site of Morse Statue. 69. Bridge or Archway. 41. Conservatory Lake. 70. Cascade. 42. The Conservatory. 71. Drinking Fountain. 43. Proposed Art Museum and Hall. 72. Horse Drinking Place. 44. The Maze. 73. Boat Landing. 45. South Gate House, 74. Summer House. Hackney Coaches — Central Park. Besolved, That the rates of fare to be charged for the use of such coaches shall lie as follows : All around the Park, with the privilege of keeping the coach, two hours, /oz^?' dollars ; principal parts of the Park, three dallars; to Casino and Lake, and return, two dollars ; when engaged by the hour, two dollars per hour; when for three or more hours, each one dollar and fifty cents per hour ; and be it further Resolved, That drivers of coaches hired to drive in the said Park are hereby required to wear a badge displayed on the left breast, in the shape of a shield, not to exceed two inches in diameter, and to have the number of each coach thereon, and to be worn continually when waiting for hire. Resolved, That all ordinances or parts of ordinances, inconsistent or conflicting "with the provisions of the foregoing resolutions, are hereby annulled, rescinded, and repealed.— Approved by the Mayor, July 17, 1866. STANDS DESIGNATED BY ORDER OF THE MAYOR. All Hackney Coaches waiting for hire to be driven in the Central Park, may stand at all times, Sundays included, at the following places, viz ; west Fifty- ninth street, from Fifth to Eighth avenue, south side ; west Seventy- 160 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. second street, from Third avenue, 100 feet west ; also in Seventy-seeond street, from Eighth avenue to Ninth avenue ; Eightli avenue, from Sixty-lirst to Sixty- third stl'eet, west side ; Fifth avenue, from Seventy-first to Seventy-second street, and 110th street, between Fifth avenue and Eighth avenue. Central Park Stages Carry Passengers around the Parle for 25 cents each passenger, having a fixed route, from the Stand at entrance and return. CITY HACKNEY COACHES. There are now 894 licensed Coaches in New York. These occupy the hack stands in various parts of the City, are compelled to display a number, and have their rates of fare regulated by ordinance. In addition to these, there are 740 " Special Coaches," which do not occupy the Stands, and are not numbered, and for which the fare is a master of bargain. An Ordinance amending the ordinances entitled " Ordinances for the govern- ment of Hackney Coaches in the City of New York," passed October 7, 1874. The Mayor, Aldermen and Commonalty of the City of New York, in Commoa Council convened, do ordain as follows: The title third of said ordinances shall be amended so as to read as follows : Title Third of the Rates and Prices of Fares. The prices or rates of fares to be taken or paid to the owners or drivers of hackney coaches or carriages shall be as follows : 1st. For conveying a passenger any distance not exceeding one mile, ^^2^ cents; for conveying two passengers the same distance, seventy-five cents^ or thirty-seven and a half cents each ; and for every additional passenger, thirty-seven^ and a half cents. 2d. For conveying a passenger any distance exceeding a mile, and within two miles, seventy-five cents ; and for every additional passenger, thirty-seven and a half cents. 3d. For the use of a hackney coach or carriage by the hour, with one or more passengers, with the privilege of going from place to place, and stopping as often as may be required, one dollar an hour. 4th. In all cases where the hiring of a hackney coach or carriage is not at the time thereof specified to be by the day or hour,~it shall be deemed to be by the mile. 6th. For children between two and fourteen years of age, half price is only to be charged ; and for children under two years of age, no charge is to be made. 6th. Whenever a hackney coach or carriage shall be detained, excepting as aforesaid, the owner or driver shall be allowed after the rate of seventy -five cents per hour. Approved by the Mayor, October 7, 1874. Francis J. Twomey, Clerk C. C. CARTMEN OR DRAYMEN. There are now (1876) 6,767 public carts in New York, engaged in draying and similar work. Rates established by law, but it is necessary to make special contracts. STREETS OF NEW YORK. 161 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF AVENUES, STREETS, ETC. EN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Abattoir place, Abingdon place, Abingdon square, Ackerman place, Albany street, Albion place, Allen street, Amity, now called W. Third, Amity place, Ann street, Asliland place, Astor place. Attorney street, Avenue A, Avenue B, Avenue C, Avenue D, Avenue, First, Avenue, Second, Avenue, Third, Avenue, Fourth, Avenue, Fifth, Avenue, Sixth, Avenue, Seventh, Avenue, Eighth, Avenue, Ninth, Avenue, Tenth, Avenue, Eleventh, Avenue Twelfth, Bank street, Barclay street, Barrow street, Batavia street, Battery place, Baxter street, Bayard street. Beach street, Beaver street, Bedford street, Beekman street, Belvidere place, Benson street, Bethune street, Bible House, Billings' row, Birmingham street, West 39th street, between Eleventh avenue and N. R. West Twelfth, between Eighth avenue and Greenwich. on Bleecker, Bank, Hudson and Eighth avenue. New Chambers, between Chatham and William. from 123 Greenwich, west to North River. from 56 to 78 East Fourth street. from 104 Division, north to East HoustoUo from 681 Bowery, west to Sixth avenue. Laurens street, between Bleecker and Amity. from 222 Broadway, east to Gold street. Perry street, between Greenwich avenue and Waverly pi. from 744 Broadway, east to Fourth avenue. from 236 Division, north to East Houston. from 230 East Houston, north to East River. from 296 East Houston, north to East River. from 358 East Houston, north to East River. from 422 East Houston, north to East River. from 164 East Houston, north to Harlem River. from 118 East Houston, north to Harlem River. from 402 Bowery, north to Harlem River. from 402 Bowery, north to Harlem River. from 57 Waverly place, north to Harlem River. from 1 Carmine, north to Harlem River. from 72 Greenwich avenue, north to Harlem River, from Abingdon square, north to Harlem River. from Gansevoort, north to Harlem River. from 542 West street, north to Harlem River. from 550 West Fourteenth, north to W. 55th from the foot of West Fourteenth street, north. from 85 Greenwich avenue, west to North River. from 229 Broadway, West to North River. from 59 West Washington place, west to North River. from 78 Roosevelt, east to James. from 1 Broadway, west to North River. from 136 Chatham, north to Grand. from 82 Division, west to Baxter. from 134 West Broadway, west to North River. from 8 Broadway, east to Pearl. from 184 West Houston, north to Christopher. from 34 Park row, southeast to East River. West 30th, between Ninth and Tenth avenues. from 109 Leonard, north. from 782 Greenwich, west to North River, on Eighth and Ninth streets, and Third and Fourth aves. West 50th street, between 8th and Ninth avenues. from 84 Henry, south to 137 Madisou. 162 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Bishop's lane, Bleecker street, Bloomingdale road. Bond street, Boorman place, Boorman terrace, Boulevard place. Boulevard, Bowery, Bowling Green, Brevoort place. Bridge street. Broad street, Broadway, Broadway alley, Broome street, Burling slip, Camden place. Canal street. Cannon street, Carlisle street. Carmine street, Caroline street, Carroll place, Caatharine street, Catharine lane, Catharine market, Catharine slip. Cedar street, Centre street. Centre market, Centre market place, Chambers street, Charles street, Charles lane, Charlton street, Chatham stnet, Chatham square, Chelsea lots, Cherry street. Chestnut street, Christopher street, Chrystie street. Church street, City Hall place, City Hall square, Clarke street, Clarkson street. Cliff street, Clinton street. from 174 Chambers, south to "Warren. from 318 Bowery, west and north to Eighth avenue. Broadway, north to Harlem River. from 658 Broadway, east to Bowery. West 33d, between Eighth and Ninth avenues. West 33d, between Eighth and Ninth avenues. from West 130th, bet. Fifth & Sixth avenus. from West 59th and Eighth avenue to West Seventieth and Tenth avenue, extending to Bloomingdale rd. from 210 Chatham, north to Fourth avenue, from 2 AVhitehall, west to State. East Tenth street, between University pi. and Broadway.* from 15 State, east to Broad, from 21 Wall, south to East River, from 1 Battery place, north to Bloomingdale road, from 153 East 20th, north to East 27th. from East River west to Hudson street, from 234 Pearl, southeast to East River. East Eleventh, between Avenues B and C. from 179 East Broadway to North River, from 540 Grand, north to East Houston, from 112 Greenwich, west to North River, from 1 Sixth avenue, w^est to Varick. from 211 Duane, north to Jay. Bleecker street, between Laurens and Thompson, from Bowery, south to Cherry, from 50 Elm , west to 344 Broadway, foot of Catharine street, from 115 Cherry, south to East River, from 181 Pearl, west to North River, from the Park, north to Broome. Centre to Grand street, from 172 Grand, north to Broome, from 60 Chatham, west to North River, from 27 Greenwich avenue, west to North River, from 694 Washington, west to West street, from 29 Macdougal, west to North River, from City Hall square, east to Chatham square, from 2 Catharine to East Broadway. West 24th, between Ninth and Tenth avenues, from 1 Dover, east to East River, from 8 Oak, north to Madison, from 5 Greenwich avenue, west to North River, from 44 Division, north to East Houston, from 6 Morris street, north to Canal street, from 15 Chambers northeast to Pearl, between Tryon row and Spruce street, from 538 Broome, north to Spring, from 225 Varick, west to North River, from 101 John, northeast to Hague, from 295 East Houston, south to East River. STREETS OF NEW YORK. 163 Clinton alley, Clinton court, Clinton market, Clinton place, Coenties alley, Coenties slip. College place, Collesten street, Columbia street, Columbia place. Commerce street. Congress street. Congress place. Cooper Union, Corlears street, Cornelia street, Cortlandt street, Cortlandt alley, Cottage place, Collays place, Crosby street, Cuyler's alley, Davies place, Decatur place, Delancey street, Depau place, Depau row, Depeyster street, Desbrosses street, Dey street, Division street, Dixon's row, Dominick street, Donovan's lane, Dover street. Downing street, Doyers street. Dry Dock, Duane street, Duncomb place, Dunham place, Dutch street. East street, East Broadway, East Clinton place, East Gotham place. East Houston, East place. East Fourth, East 10th street. from 97 Clinton to 104 Suffolk. from 120 Clinton place. west corner Canal street. from 755 Broadway, west to Sixth avenue. from 73 Pearl, northwest to Stone street. from 66 Pearl, south to East River. from 53 Barclay, north to Chambers. from 51 Beach, north to Laight. from 520 Grand, north to East Houston. 386 Eighth street. from 272 Bleecker, west to Barrow. from 177 West Houston, south to King. opposite 3 Congress street. on Eighth street and Third and Fourth avenues. from 587 Grand, south to East River from 160 West Fourth, west to Bleecker. from 171 Broadway, west to North River. from 270 Canal, south to Franklin. Hancock street. Third street, between Avenues B and C. from 28 Howard, north to Bleecker. from 28 South street, west to Water. West 36th, between Broadway and Sixth avenue. Seventh street, from 96 to 114. from 181 Bowery, east to East River. 185 and 187 Thompson street. 154 to 158 Bleecker street. from 139 Water street to East River. from 195 Hudson, to North River. from 192 Broadway, west to North River. from 1 Bowery, east to Grand. West 110th, from Bloomingdale to Ninth avenue. from 13 Clarke, west to Hudson. rear 474 Pearl street. from 340 Pearl, south to East River. from 210 Bleecker, west to Varick. from 205 Chatham, west and north to Pearl. from 243 East Tenth street, north to East Twelfth. from 40 Rose, west to North River. East 128th, from Second to Third avenues. rear 140 West 33d street. from 49 John, north to Fulton street. from 755 Water, east to Rivington. from 207 Chatham, east to Grand. rear 50 Clinton street. from 138 Cherry street. from 609 Broadway, east to East River. rear 214 Third street. from 696 Broadway, east to East River. to East 129th, east from Fifth avenue to East River. East Tompkins place, 159 to 165 East 11th street. 164 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Edgar street. Eighth street, Eldridge street, Elizabeth street, Elm street, Essex street, Essex market, Essex market place, Everett row. Exchange alley, Exchange place. Extra place. Ferry street. Fifth street. First street, Fitzroy place, Fletcher street, Forsyth street, Frankfort street, Franklin street, Franklin market, Franklin alley, Franklin square, Franklin terrace, Front street, Fulton street, Fulton market, Gansevoort street, Garden row, Gay street, Gilford place. Glover place, Goerck street. Gold street, Gouverneur street, Gouverneur lane, Gouverneur market, Gouverneur slip, Gramercy park, Gramercy place. Grand street, Great Jones street, Greene street, Greenwich street, Greenwich avenue, Grove street, Hague street, Hall place, Hamersley place, Hamilton street, Hamilton place. from 59 Greenwich, east to Trinity place, from 94 Sixth avenue, east to East River. from 86 Division, north to East Houston. from 52 Bayard, north to Bleecker. from 12 Reade, north to Spring street. from 162 Division, north to East Houston. Essex cor. Grand street. from 68 Ludlow to Essex. from 64 West 34th street to 6th avenue. from 55 Broadway, west to Trinity place. from 2 Hanover, west to Broadway. rear of 10 First street. from 84 Gold street, east to Pearl. from 379 Bowery, east to East River. from 303 Bowery, east to Avenue A. 357 West 28th street. from 820 Pearl, South to East River. from 68 Division, north to East Houston. from 166 Nassau, east to Pearl. from 64 Baxter, west to North River. Old Slip. from 70 Franklin, north to White. from Cherry to Pearl. rear 364 West 26th street. from 49 Whitehall, E. to Roosevelt street, and E. to E. R. from 93 South, west to North River. Fulton corner South. from 355 West 4th, west to North River. rear of 138 West 11th. from 141 Waverly place, north to Christopher. East 45th street, from Lexington to Third avenue. Thompson street, between Spring and Prince. from 574 Grand, north to East River. from 87 Maiden lane, north to Frankfort. from 275 Division, south to Water. from 48 South to Water. see Gouverneur slip. from 371 South, north to Water. between Third and Fourth avenues and 20th and 21st. East 20th, from 100 to 146. from 80 Varick, east to East River. from 682 Broadway, east to Bowery. from 331 Canal, north to Clinton place. from 4 Battery place, north to Gansevoort. from 105 Sixth avenue, north to Eighth avenue. from 488 Hudson, east to Waverly place. from 367 Pearl, west to Cliff street. from 2 Sixth, north to Seventh. West Houston, between McDougal and Congress. from 73 Catharine, east to Market. West 51st, between Broadway and Eighth avenue. STKEETS OF NEW YORK. 165 Hancock street, from 176 West Houston, north Bleecker. Hanover street, from 57 Wall, south to Pearl street. Hanover square, on Pearl, from 105 to Stone street. Hanson place, Second avenue, between 124th and East 125th streets. Harrison street, from 81 Hudson, west to North River. Harwood place. East 78th street, between Third and Fourth avenues. Henry street, from 14 Oliver, east to Grand street. Herman place, rear 220 East Fourth street. Hester street, from 216 Division, west to Centre. Hoboken street, from 476 Washington, west to North River. Holywood place, East 83d, between Second and Third avenues. Horatio street, from 129 Greenwich avenue, west to North River. Howard street, from 201 Centre, west to Mercer. Hubert street, from 149 Hudson, west to North River. Hudson street, from 139 Chambers, north to Ninth street. Hudson place. West 34tli, between Ninth and Tenth avenues. Irving place, from 81 East Fourteenth street, north to East Twentieth. Jackson street, from 338 Henry, south to East River. Jackson place, rear 916 Downing street. Jacob street, from 19 Ferry, north to Frankfort. James street, from 175 Chatham, south to James slip. James slip, from 77 Cherry, south to East River. Jane street, from 113 Greenwich avenue, west to North River. Jauncey court, 37, 39, 41 and 43 Wall street. Jay street, from 61 Hudson, west to North River. Jefferson street, from 179 Division, south to East River. Jefferson Market, Sixth avenue, corner Greenwich avenue. Jersey street, from 127 Crosby, east to Mulberry. John street, from 184 Broadway, east to Pearl street. Jones street, from 176 West Fourth, west to Bleecker. Jones' lane, from 101 Front street, south to East River. Johnson's road. West loth, from 477 to 495. King street, from 41 Macdougal, west to North River. Kirkpatrick place, 74th, between Fifth and Madison avenues. Knapp's place, rear 422 East Tenth street. Lafayette place, from 8 Great Jones street, north to Eighth. Laight street, from 398 Canal, west to North River. Lamartine place. West 29th, between Eighth and Ninth avenues. Laurens street, from 375 Canal, west to Amity. Laurence street, from West 126th, n Ninth avenue, to West '129th. Leandert's place, 183 Seventh street. Lenox place. West 22d, between Eighth and Ninth avenues. Leonard street, from 92 Hudson, east to Baxter. Leroy street, from 338 Bleecker, west to North River. Leroy place, Bleecker street, between Mercer and Greene. Lewis street, from 556 Grand street, north to Eighth Lexington avenue, from 82 East 21st street, north to East 63d. Liberty street, from 76 Maiden lane, west to North River. Liberty court, 4 and 6 Liberty place. Liberty place, from 57 Liberty, north to Maiden lane. Xispenard street, from 157 West Broadway, east to Broadway. 166 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. Little Twelfth street Livingston place, London terrace, Lord's court, Ludlow street, Ludlow place, Macdougal street, Madison street, Madison avenue, Madison court, Madison square. Maiden lane, Mangin street, Manhattan, Manhattan, Manhattan place, Mansfield place, Marion street. Market street, Markefield, Martin terrace, Mechanic alley, Mechanic place, Mercer street. Miller's place, Milligan place, Millward place, Minetta street, Minetta lane, Minetta place. Mission place, Mitchell place, Monroe street, Monroe place, Montgomery, Moore street, Morgan block, Morris street, Morris place, Morton street, Mott street, Mt. Morris place. Mulberry street, Murray street, Nassau street, Neilson place, New street, New Bowery, New Chambers st., Ninth street, Norfolk street. .Gansevoort, west to North River. from 325 East 15th, north to East 17th. West 23d street, between Ninth and Tenth avenues, rear 51 Beaver street. from 144 Division, north to East Houston. West Houston street, between Sullivan and MacdougaL from 219 Spring, north to Clinton place. from 426 Pearl, east to Grand street. from 29 East 23d, north to Harlem River. rear 237 Madison street. north East 26th, between Fifth and Madison avenues. from 172 Broadway, southeast to East River. from 590 Grand, north to East River. from 444 East Houston, north to Third. from West 125th, near Ninth avenue, to Twelfth avenue from 10 Elm, west and south to Reade. West 51st, between Eighth and Ninth avenues, from 404 Broome, north. from 61 Division, south to East River. from 1 Whitehall, east to Broad. East 30th street, between Second and Third avenues.. from 72 Monroe to Cherry street. rear 28 Avenue A. from 311 Canal, north to Clinton place. rear 4 Macdougal street. rear 139 Sixth avenue. West 31st street, between Eighth and Ninth avenues; from 205 Bleecker, north to Minetta lane. from 113 Macdougal, west to Sixth avenue. rear 2 Minetta street. from 58 Park, north to Worth. East 49th street, between First avenue and Avenue A. from 59 Catharine, east to Grand. Monroe street, from 207 to 213. from 247 Division street to East River. from 30 Pearl, South to East River. Second avenue, between 77th and 78th> from 37 Broadway, north to North River. West 42d street, between Tenth and Eleventh avenues. from 256 Bleecker, west to North River. from 176 Chatham, north to Bleecker. West 124th, between Fifth and Sixth avenue. from 156 Chatham, north to Bleecker. from 247 Broadway, west to North River. from 20 Wall, north to Chatham. Mercer street, between Waverly place and Eighth avenue^ from 7 Wall street, south to Beaver. from 896 Pearl, north to Chatham. from 67 Chatham, east to Cherry. from 1 Sixth avenue, east to East River. from 180 Division, north to East Houston. STREETS OF NEW YORK. 167 North Moore street, from 122 West Broadway, west to North River. North William street,from 16 Frankfort, north to Chatham. Nyack place, Oak street, Old slip, Oliver street, Orchard street. Pacific place. Pagoda place. Park street. Park avenue, Park place. Park row, Patchin place. Pearl street. Pearl street exten., Peck slip, Pelham street, Pell street. Perry street, Phelpsplace, Pike street. Pine street, Pitt street, Piatt street, Prince street, Rachel street, Randall place, Reade street. Rector street, Renwick street. Ridge street, Rivington street, Rivington place, Robinson street, Roosevelt street, Rose street Roslyn place, Russell place, Rutgers street, Rutgers place, Rutherford place, Ryder's alley, St. Bridget's place, St. Clement's place, St . George's place, St. John's lane, St. Luke's place, St. Mark's place, St. Nicholas av., rear 149 Bank street. from 392 Pearl, east to Catharine. from 106 Pearl, south to East River. from 62 New Bowery, south to East River. from 124 Division, north to East Houston. rear 133 Vf est 29th street. foot East 120th street. from 36 Centre, east to Mott. Fourth avenue, from East 34tli to East 39th. from 237 Broadway, west to College place. from 1 Ann street, east to Spruce street. rear 111 West 10th street. from 14 State, east and north to Broadway. from 318 Broadway, west to Hudson. from 312 Pearl, east to South street. from 96 Monroe, east to Cherry, from 18 Bowery, west to Mott. from 55 Greenwich avenue, west to North River. East 30th street, between First and Second avenues. from 107 Division street, south to East River. from 106 Broadway, east to East River. from 276 Division, north to East Houston from 121 Pearl, west to William street. from 230 Bowery, west to Maedougal street. from 4 Goerck, east to Mangin street. Ninth street, between Broadway and University place. from 22 Duane, west to North River. from 73 Broadway, west to North River. from 506 Canal, north to Spring street. from 254 Division, north to East Houston street. from 213 Bowery, east to East River. rear 316 Rivington street. from 4 College place, west to North River. from 147 Chatham, south to East River. from 34 Frankfort, northeast to Pearl street. Greene street, between Amity and West Fourth streets. Greenwich avenue, Charles and Perry streets. from 26 Canal, south to East River. Monroe street, from Jefferson to Clinton streets. from 224 East 17th, south to East 14th street. from 68 Fulton to Gold street. rear 185 Seventh street. Maedougal street, from West Houston to Bleecker, and from Waverly place to Clinton place. East 13th street, between First and Second avenues, from 9 Beach street, north to Laight street. Leroy street, from 63 to 99. 8th street, from 17 Third avenue, east to Avenue A. from West 110th and Sixth ave. to W. 145th and Ninth av. 168 NEW YORK AS IT IS. St. Timothy's place, Scammel street, Second street, Seventh street, Sheriff street. Sixth street, Sixth St. court Sniffin street, South street, South Fifth avenue, South William street; Spingler street, Spring street, Spruce street, Stanton street, Ssanton place. Staple street. State street. Stone street, Stryker's lane, Stryker's row, Stuyvesant street, Suftblk street, Sullivan street, Temple street, Thomas street. Theatre alley. Third street, Thirteenth avenue, Thomas street, Thompson street, Tinpot alley, Tompkins Tompkins market, Trinity place, Tryon row. Union street, Union market. Union place, University place, Vandam street, Vandewater street. Van Nest place, Varick street, Varick place, Vesey stre-et. Vestry street, . Walker street. Wall street, Warren street, Warren place. W. 52d, between Broadway and Eighth avenue. from 299 East Broadway to Water street, from 223 Bowery, east to Avenue D. from Fourth avenue, east to East River, from 503 Grand, north to Second street, from 395 Bowery, east to East River, rear 169 Sixth street, rear 154 East 36th street, from 06 Whitehall, east to East River, from OS Washington square, south to Canal street, from 7 William, west to Broad. East 15th street, between Fifth avenue and Broadway, from 188 Bowery, west to North River, from 41 Park row, southeast to Gold, from 245 Bowery, east to East River. rear 8 Stanton street. from 109 Duane, north to Harrison street, from 48 Whitehall to Broadway, from 13 Whitehall, cast to William street, rear 743 Eleventh avenue. West 52d street, bet. Tenth and Eleventh avenues, from 2 Third avenue, east to Second avenue, from 202 Division, north to East Houston, from 415 Canal, north to Amity street, from 88 Liberty, south to Thomas street, from 111 Broadway, west to Greenwich street, from 19 Ann, north to Beekman street, from 3 15 Bowery, east to East River. from ft. W^est Eleventh, northwest to ft. West 29th street, from 126 Church, w. to Hudson, and east to Broadway, from 395 Canal, north to West Fourth street, from 59 Greenwich to Trinity place, from 606 Grand, cast to East River. Third avenue, corner 6th street, from 98 Liberty, south to Tinpot alley, from 1 Centre, east to 36 Chatham street, rear 53 University place. East Houston, corner Columbia street, from 156 to 23 Fourth ave., and from 851 to 857 B'way. from 31 Waverly place, north to East 14th. from 13 Macdougal, west to Greenwich, from 54 Frankfort, east to Pearl. Charles street, between Bleecker and West Fourth, from 130 Franklin, north to Carmine. Sullivan street, between West Houston and Bleecker. from Broadway, opposite Ann street, west to North River, from 428 Canal street, west to North River, from 135 West Broadway, east to Canal street, from 86 Broadway, east to East River, from 260 Broadway, west to North River. Charles street, between Greenwich ave. and Waverly pi. CITY CAR ROUTES. 169 Washington street, Washington marliet, Wasliington place, Washington square, Water street. Watts street, Waverly place, Weehawken street, Wesley place, West street. West Third street. West Broadway, West B'way place. West Houston street, WestWashington pi West Fourth street, W 9th to W. 59th, White street, White's place, Whitehall street, Willett street, William street. Willow terrace, Winthrop place, Wooster street, Worth street, Wyoming place, York street. from 6 Battery place, north to West Twelfth. Fulton, corner West street, from 713 Broadway, west to Wooster. surrounding Wash'n park, bet. W. Fourth and Waverley pi. from 41 Whitehall, east to East River, from 44 Sullivan, west to North River, from 727 Broadway, west and north to Bank street, from 304 West Tenth, south to Christopher. Mulberry street, from East Houston to Bleecker. from 12 Battery place, north to Tenth avenue, from Broadway, west to Sixth avenue, from 131 Chambers, north to Canal street. South Fifth avenue, between Canal and Grand. , from 609 Broadway, west to North River. ,from 155 Macdougal, west to Grove street. from 697 Broadway, west to West Thirteenth, from Fifth avenue, west to North River, from 117 West Broadway, east to Chatham sq. rear 214 West Eighteenth street, from 2 Broadway, south to East River, from 482 Grand, north to East Houston, from 107 Pearl, northeast to Pearl street. East 73d street, near Third avenue, Greene street, between Clinton place and Waverly ulace. from 355 Canal, north to West Fourth, from 72 Hudson, east to Chatham. Elizabeth, between East Houston and Bleecker. from 9 St. John's lane, east to West Broadway. NEW YORK CITY CAR ROUTES. Broadway and University Place liine. — Leaves corner Broadway and Barclay st. Runs through Barclay st. to Church, to Canal, to Green, to Clin- ton pi., to University pi., to Union sq,, to Broadway, to 7th av., to Fifty-ninth St., to Central Park. Returns by same route to University pi. , to Wooster st, , crosses Canal st, to West Broadway, to College pi., to Barclay St., to starting point. Fare, 5 cents. Broadway and Broome St. Line. — Leaves corner Broadway and Broome st. Runs through Broome st, to Green st,, and thence by same route as Broad- way and Barclay st. line. Returns by same route as Broadway and Barclay st, line to Broome st, , thence to Broad- way. Fare, 5 cents. Sixth Avenue Line. — Leaves corner Broadway and Vesey st. Runs through Vesey st. to Church st. , to Chambers St. , to West Broadway, to Canal st. , to Varick st,, to Carmine st,, to Sixth av,, to Fifty-ninth st. and Central Park. Returns by the same route, to West Broadway, to College pi., to Vesey st., to corner Broadway ; runs all night. Fare, 5 cents. Sixth Avenue, Broadway and Canal Street Line. — Leaves corner Broadway and Canal st. Runs through Canal st. to Varick st. , thence by same route as Sixth av, line. Returns by same route. Fare, 5 cents. Seventh Avenue Line. — Leaves Broadway and Barclay st. Runs through Barclay st. to Church, to Canal, 170 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. to Sullivan, to Amity, to Macdougal, to Clinton pi., to Greenwich av., to Seventh av., to Fifty-ninth street and Central Park. Returns by same route, to Sullivan st. , to West Broadway, to College pi., to Barclay St., to Broad- way, Fare, 5 cents. Eighth Avenue Line. — Leaves Broadway and Vesey St. Runs through Vesey st. to Church, to Chambers, to West Broadway, to Canal st. , to Hud- son, to Eighth av., to Fifty-ninth st. and Central Park, lleturm by same route to Chambers St., to College pi., to Vesey St., to Broadway. This line runs every 15 minutes all night. Eighth Avenue, Broadway and Canal Street Line. — Leaves Broadway and Canal si., to Hudson st., thence up and down same route as Eighth av. to Macomb's Dam, return iug to Canal st. and Broadway. Fare, 5 cents to Fifty- ninth St. ; to Macomb's Dam, 10 cents. Ninth Avenue Line. — Leaves Broad- way and Fulton st. Runs through Fulton St. to Greenwich, to Ninth av., to Fifty-fourth st. Returns by same route to Washington St., to Fulton, to Broadway. Fare, 5 cents. Second Avenue Line. — Leaves foot of Peck Slip. Runs through South St., to Oliver, to Bowery, to Grand St., to Chrystie, to Houston, to Second av., to 128tli St. , Harlem. Returns by Second av. , to Twenty-third st. , to First av. , to Houston St., to Allen, to Grand, to Bowery, to Chatham st., to Pearl, to Starting point. Cars run from Peck Slip all night ; cars run from G3d st. all night. Fare, 5 cents to G3d st. Third Avenue Line. — Leaves Broad- way, opposite Astor House. Runs through Park Row to Chatham st. , to Bowery, to Third av. , to Sixty-fifth st. , thence to Harlem, Returns by same route. Cars on this line run all night. This road commenced running in 1853.* Branch Line. — Runs from Broad- way through Bowery and Third av., to 35th St. , thence through Lexington av. to 42d St. , Grand Central Railroad Depot. Fare, 5 cents. Fourth Avenue Line. — Leaves Broadway, opposite the Astor House. Runs through Park Row, to Centre st,, to Grand, to Bowery, to Fourth av,, to Thirty-second st. Every third car con- tinues through Thirty-second st,, to Lexington av., to Thirty-fourth St., ta Hunter's Point Ferr3\ Returns by same route, to Broome St., to Centre, to starting point. Fare, 6 cents. Central Park, North River and Tenth Avenue Line. — Leaves South Ferry. Runs through Whitehall st., to Marketfield, to Bowling Green, to Bat- tery pi., to West St., to Tenth av., tO' Fifty-ninth st. , to Central Park. Returns by same route. Fare, 5 cents. Central Park, East River and Av- enue A Line. — Leaves South Ferry,, foot of Whitehall st. Runs through Whitehall st,, to front, to Old Slip, to South st,, to Grand, to Goerck, to Houston, to Avenue D, to Fourteenth St., to Avenue A, to Twenty-third St., to First av., to Fifty-ninth St., to Fifth av. and Central Park. Rettirns by Fifty- ninth St., takes same route to Avenue D and Seventh St., to Lewis, to Hous- ton, to Mangin, to Grand, to Corlears,. to Monroe, "to Jackson, to Front, to Water, to South Ferry. This road passes all the East River ferries. Fare, 5 cents, Bleecker Street and Fulton Ferry Line. — Leaves Fulton Ferry. Runs through Fulton St., to William, to Ann, to Park Row, to Centre St., to Leonard, to Elm, to Howard, to Crosby, to Bleecker, to Macdougal, to Fourth, to W, Twelfth, to Hudson, to W. Four- teenth, to Tenth av. Returns by Tenth av., to Fourteenth st., to Hudson, to * The srant to the New York and Harlem Railroad, allowing a double or single track to be laid along Fourth Avenue, was dated January 9th, 1832. CITY OAK ROUTES. 171 Bleecker, to Crosby, to Howard, to Elm, to Reacle, to Centre, to Beekmaii, to South, to Fulton Ferry. Fare, 5 cents. Bleecker Street Branch. — Leaves Fulton Ferry. Runs through Fulton St., to Water, to Peck Slip, to Pearl, to New Bowery, to Bowery, to Canal St., to Elm, to Howard, to Crosby, thence by same route as the above road. Beturns by same route to Canal St., to Bowery, to New Bowery, to Pearl, to Peck Slip, to South, to Fulton Ferry. CROSS-TOWN ROUTES. Dry Dock and East Broadway Line. — Leaves Ann st. and Broadway. Runs through Park Row, to Chatham St., to East Broadway, to Grand st., to Columbia, to Avenue B, to East Four- teenth St., to Avenue A. Returns by Fourteenth st., to Avenue D, to Eighth St., to Lewis, to Grand, thence by same route to starting point. Fare, 5 cents. City Hall, Avenue B and 34th St. Line. — Leaves Ann st. and Bi-oadwa}^ Runs through Park Row, to Chatham St., to East Broadway, to Clinton st., to Avenue B, to Fourteenth st., to Avenue A, to Twenty-third st., to First av., to East Thirty-fourth St., to Ferry. Returns by same route, to Second st. , to Avenue A, to Essex St., to East Broadway, to Chatham St., to Park Row, to Ann st. and Broadway. Fare, 5 cents. Forty-second and Grand Street Ferry Line. — From foot W. 42d to Tenth av., to W. 34th, to Broadway, to E. 23d, to Fourth av., toE. Fourteenth, to Avenue A, to E. Houston, to Can- non, to Grand, to Ferry. Returning through Grand to Goerck, to E. Hous- ton, to Second, to Avenue A, to East Fourteenth, to Seventh av., to East Twenty-third, to Broadway, to West Thirty-fourth, to Tenth av., to foot West Forty-second. Debrosses St., Vestry and Grand St. Line. — Leaves Grand st. Ferry. Runs through Grand St., to Sullivan, to Vestry, to Greenwich, to Desbrosses, to Desbrosses st. Ferry. Returm by Desbrosses st. , to Washington, to Ves- try, thence by same route to starting point. Fare, 5 cents. Grand St. Ferries to Jersey City Ferries — to Cortlandt st. Ferry, via Grand st. — East Broadway, Canal, Walker, North Moore and Washington sts., to Cortlandt st. Returns via Cort- landt, Greenwich, Beach, Lispenard, Canal, and Grand sts. Grand Street Ferries, to Broadway, corner of Canal st., via Grand ot.. East Broadway and Canal st. to Bi'oadway. Returns same route. Fare, 5 cents. Avenue C. — Runs from Fourth av.,, corner East 42d st., to Lexington av., to East Thirty-fifth, to First av., to East Twenty-third, to Avenue A, to East Seventeenth, to Avenue C, to Third, to First av., to East and West Houston, to West, to foot Chambers St. Returning through West St., to Charlton, to Prince, to Stanton, to Pitt, to Avenue C, to East Eighteenth, to Avenue A, to East Thirty-third, to First avenue, to East Thirty-sixth, to Lex- ington av., to East 42d, and Fourth av. Fare, G cents. Central Crois Town. — From foot East Twenty-third st. , to Avenue A, to East Eighteenth, to Broadway to East and West Fourteenth, to Seventh av, to West Eleventh, to Christopher. Re- turning through Christopher to Green- wich, to West Eleventh, to Seventh av., to West and East Fourteenth St., tO' Union sq., to East Seventeenth, to^ Avenue A, to East Twenty-third. Fare, 5 cents. Christopher and East Tenth St. — From Christopher to Greenwich av., to Clinton pi. , to St. Mark's pi. , to Avenua A, to East Tenth, to Ferry. R&turninq through East Tenth to Avenue A, to 172 NEW YORK AS IT IS. lEast Ninth, to Stiiyvesant, to Eighth, to Clinton pi., to Greenwich av., to West Tenth, to West, to Christopher. JFare, 5 cents. Twenty-third Street Line. — Runs through Twenty-third St., from East to North River, connecting with the fer- ries, and all the north and south lines of street railroads on the different av- enues ; also, through Twenty-third st. to First av., and thence to Thirty-fourth ■St, Ferry. Fare, 5 cents. 125 Street. — Runs from Third ave. Corner East 130th st., through Third avenue to East 125th st., thence to West 125th, to North River. Beturning the same route. Fare, 5 cents. Harlem Bridge, Morrisania and Fordham. — Runs from Harlem Bridge up Third Avenue to Morrisania and Fordham, 43^ miles ; also, up Third Avenue to Boston Avenue and thence to West Farms, 3}^ miles. Beturning* the same route. Fare to Morrisania, 5 cents ; through fare, 10 cents. OMNIBUS LINES. The Omnibus Lines commenced running through Broadway to Greenwich, in about 1832, and twenty years thereafter the Third Avenue Street cars com- menced running to Harlem. For several years Broadway was alive with Omni- buses ; but, as the Street Railroads increased, many of the Omnibus Lines were withdrawn. The following Omnibus Lines are still continued : Broadway and Fifth Avenue Line. — Leaves Fulton Ferry, E. R. , and runs through Fulton, Broadway, Fourteenth and Fifth avenue to Forty-seventh street. Returns the same route. Fare, 10 cents. Office, 23 West 43d street. Broadway, Twenty-third and NintJi Avenue Line. — Leaves South Ferry and runs through Broadway, Twenty-third -and Ninth Avenue to Thirtieth street. Returns the same route. Fare, 10 cents. Office, 287 Ninth avenue. Broadway and Fourth Avenue Line. — Leaves South Ferry and runs through Broadway and Fourth avenue to Forty- second street and Grand Central Depot. Returns the same route. Fare, 10 cents. Office, 127 East Thirty-second street. Broadway, Twenty -third and Erie Bailroad Ferry. — Leaves South Ferry and runs through Broadway to West Twenty-third street to Ferry, North River. Returns the same route. Fare, 10 cents. Office, 287 Ninth avenue. Madison Avenue Line. — Leaves Wall street Ferry and runs through Wall street to Broadway to Twenty-third street, thence through Madison avenue to Forty-second street and Grand Cen- tral Depot. Returns the same route. Fare, 10 cents. Office, 53 East Fortieth street. RAPID TRANSIT ROUTES. This important question, which has agitated property owners for the past fifteen years, has not yet been fully solved, or the routes established, in full. There are now two chartered companies organized, by acts of the Legislature of the State of New York, with sufficient powers to build parallel lines of Elevated Railways from the Battery and City Hall Park to Harlem River, terminating at different points, and running through different Avenues. The New York Elevated Railroad Company has completed their line between the Battery and Fifty-ninth street, running through Greenwich street RA^PID TRANSIT ROUTES — GAS-LIGHT COMPANIES. ITS and Ninth avenue to opposite the Southern end of Central Park, a distance of about five miles — Time Table P— Progress in Bapid Transit — The New York Elevated Railroad Company has completed its line to Fifty-ninth street, and begun running regular trains between Central Park and the Battery, according to a new time-table. The first train from the Battery will leave at 6 A. M. , and will run through to Fifty-ninth street in thirty-four minutes. The second train will leave at 7 o'clock, and will make the trip in thirty-one minutes. After 7 o'clock the trains will be run with short intervals, the last one leaving the Bat- tery at 7 :07 P. M. From Fifty-ninth street, the first train will start at 6 :18 A. M. , and the last one at 7 :40 P. M. There will be forty through trains each way during the day. The company will also run Sunday trains between 7:35 A. M.^ and 6 :49 P. M. , with the same frequency as on week days. GILBERT ELEVATED RAILROAD COMPANY. The Gilbert Elevated Railroad Company has not yet begun laying its track, but the announcement is authorized that the company expects to build the west side division and have it in running order from the Bowling Green to Central Park by Aug. 1, 1876. The company is preparing drawings for the iron com- panies, and calculating in detail the amount of different kinds of iron that will be required in the construction of the railroad. "When these drawings and calcu- lations are completed, they will be open to the inspection of the iron companie^, all of which will be invited to send in bids for the building of the road. It is contemplated by this company to build two or three parallel lines of rail- road, through different avenues, connecting with steam ferries running to Long Island ; also, with the Grand Central Railroad Depot and Central Park. The line will start from the Battery, and City Hall Park and run north to Chat- ham square, from thence through Second and Third avenues to Harlem River, a distant of about eight miles. There will be a branch road connecting with the Brooklyn Bridge, and with Twenty-third Street Ferry, running to Green Point, connecting with Railways on Long Island. Another line is contemplated to run from the Battery, through New Church street. West Broadway and Sixth avenue to Central Park, a distance of about five miles. GAS-LIGHT COMPANIES. Continental, 38 Broadway. Equitable Gas Light and Construction Co., 59 Liberty street. Harlem, 2084 Third avenue and 61 Liberty street Manhattan Gas Light Co. Office, 4 Irving place. Works, foot Four- teenth street, East River, foot Eighteenth street, North River. Incorporated February 26th, 1830. Capital, $4,000,000 ; shares, $50. District : North side Grand to south side Thirty-fourth street, inclusive. Charles Roome, President; A. Carpenter, Vice-President; Jas. W. Smith, Secretary and Treasurer; C. V. Smith, Engineer. Metropolitan, 1501 Broadway, and foot West Forty-second street. Mutual, 36 Fourth avenue and foot East Eleventh street. National Coal Gas Co., 4 Warren street. New York, 157 Hester and Avenue A, corner East Twenty-first street. 174 NEW YORK AS IT IS. New York Mutual. New York Oxygen Gas Co., 547 West Forty -first street. New York Mutual Gas Light Co. Office, 36 Union square and foot East i:ieventli street. C. K. Garrison, President ; Arthur Leary, Vice-President ; Charles Hare, Secretary. Suburban Gas Light Co., Fourth avenue, near One-liundred-and-seventy- sixtli street. Union Gas Light Co., li Pine, and Second avenue corner East Ninety- eighth street. United States Gas Co., 149 Broadway. , DELAWARE AND HUDSON CANAL COMPANY. Office, Cortlandt Street, New York. This Canal Company, now controlling two or three railroads, was chartered l3y the States of New York and Pennsylvania, and is too important in connection with internal trade not to be noticed. The work was commenced in 1827, and finished in 1829, extending from the Hudson River, at Rondout, up the valley of the Rondout Creek, in Ullster County ; then across parts of Orange and Sullivan counties, to the Delaware River, crossing the stream and extending to Hornesdale, Penn., 108 miles. The canal was constructed by the company, at an original cost of $6,156,000, and the company is extensively engaged in -mining and bringing to the New York market Lackawanna coal, constantly employing a large number of boats, barges and men. In 1870 this company leased the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad, and in 1871 leased the Rensselaer and Saratoga Railroad, with its branches. It is now engaged in constructing a road from Whitehall, N. Y., on the west side of Lake Champlain, which, when completed, will give this company between 600 and 700 miles of railway. In addition to this, they have 186 miles of iron railway in their mines in Pennsylvania. officers : Thos. Dickson, President, Scranton, Penn. James C. Hartt, Treasurer, New York. George L. Haight, Secretary, New York. H. H. Fonda, General Superintendent, Albany, N. Y. FERRIES TO BROOKLYN, JERSEY CITY, Ac. Astoria, from foot of E. Ninety-second street, E. R., from Peck slip to Astoria. by Harlem steamboat. Bedloe's Island, from Pier 43, N. R. Brooklyn, foot Catharine slip to Main street. Brooklyn, foot Fulton street to Fulton street. Brooklyn, foot James slip to Bridge street. Brooklyn, foot Wall street to Montague street. Brooklyn, foot Whitehall street to Atlantic street. Brooklyn, foot Whitehall street to Hamilton avenue. Brooklyn, foot New Chambers street to Bridge street. Brooklyn, foot Jackson street to Hudson avenue. Brooklyn (E. D.), foot Roosevelt street to S. Seventh street, Williamsburg. JEKSEY CITY, ETC. 175 Brooklyn (E. D.), foot E, Houston street to Grand street, Williamsburg. Brooklyn (E. D.), Grand street to South Seventh street— South Side R. R. Brooklyn (E. D.), foot Grand to Grand street, Williamsburg. Bull's Ferry and Fort Lee, N. J., Pier 51 North River. Communipaw, N. J., foot of Liberty street. David's Island, from Pier No. 1, E. R. Fort Schuyler, from Pier No. 1, E. R. Green Point, foot E. Tenth street and foot E. Twenty-third st. to Green Point. Governor's Island, from Piers 1 and 43, E. R. Hamilton Avenue, foot Whitehall street to Atlantic Dock, Brooklyn. Harlem, Astoria, &c., from Peck slip, E. R. Hart's Island, from 26th street, E. R. Hoboken, foot of Barclay street. Hoboken, foot of Christopher street. Hunter's Point, foot E. 34th street to Ferry street. Hunter's Point, James street to Ferry street. Jersey City, foot of Cortlandt street to Montgomery street. Jersey City, foot of Desbrosses street to Exchange place. Jersey City, foot of W. 23d street to Long Dock. Jersey City, or Pavonia, foot of Chambers street to Long Dock— Erie Rail- way Depot. Mott Haven, Pier No. 24, E. R. Randall's Island, from 26th street and 122d street. Staten Island — New Brighton, Castleton, Fort Richmond, from Battery. Staten Island — Tompkinsville, Stapleton, Vanderbilt's Landing, from Battery. Ward's Island, from 10th street, E. R. Willett's Point, L. L, from Pier No. 1, E. R. Weehawken, foot of W. 42d street, N. R. REMARKS. The leading passenger transportation company in this country, if not in the "world, is probably the " Union Ferry Company,'''' which controls the ferries con- necting New York City and Brooklyn. This corporation runs four separate ferries between those cities, and has sixteen large boats, of which thirteen run by day and six all night. They carry on an average one hundred and twenty- five thousand foot-passengers every day, and about forty-five millions a year, and have been extraordinarily successful in carrying this vast number without accident. The ferriage for foot, passengers is two cents, excepting between the hours of five and half-past seven, morning and evening, when it is reduced to one cent, these being the times wlien multitudes of working people cross the East River, and the boats are consequently the most crowded. For carriages the fer- riage is ten and twenty cents for one and two horse vehicles, large trucks paying more. The Union Ferry Co. run from Fulton, Wall and South Ferry slip. New York, and their manager, the president of the company, is Hon. Cyrus P. Smith, formerly Mayor of Brooklj^n. Distances across the Different Ferries from New York. Catharine Ferry, E. R 735 yards. Fulton Street, " 731 South Ferry, " 1,066 Jackson Street Ferry " 935 Peck Slip Ferry, " 3,800 Williamsburgh Ferry 950 Staten Island Ferry, Bay of New York 6,418 176 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. Jersey City Ferry, from Cortlandt street 1 mile. Hoboken Ferry, from Barclay street - - li miles. Staten Island Ferry, from Battery - -6 miles. LOCATION OF PIERS. East River. North River. 1. Battery place. 2, 3. Battery place and Morris streets. 4. Morris street. 5, 6, 7. Morris and Rector. 9, 10, Rector and Carlisle. 11. Carlisle street, 12. Albany street. 13. Albany and Cedar streets. 14. Cedar street 15. Liberty street. 16. Liberty and Cortlandt streets. 17. 18. Cortlandt street. 19. Cortlandt and Dey. 20. Dey street. 21. Fulton street. 22. 23, 24, Fulton and Vesey streets. 25. Vesey street. 26. Vesey and Barclay streets. 27. Park place. 28. Murray street. 29. Warren street. 30. Chambers street. 31. Duane street. 32. Duane and Jay streets. 33. Jay street. 34. Harrison street. 35. Franklin street. 36. North Moore street. 37. Beach street. 38. Hubert street. 39. Vestry street. 40. Watts street. 41. Hoboken street. 42. Canal street. 43. Spring street. 44. Spring and Charlton. 45. Charlton street. 46. King street. 47. West Houston street. 48. Clarkson street. 49. Leroy street. 50. Morton street. 51. Christopher street. 1, 2, Whitehall stieet. 3. Moore street. 4. Moore and Broad streets. 5. Broad and Coenties slip. 6. 7, 8, Coenties slip. 9, 10, Coenties and Old slips. 11, 12, Old slip. 13. Old and Gouverneur slip. 14. Jones' lane. 15. 16. Wall street. 17. Pine street. 18. Maiden lane. 19. Fletcher street. 20. 21, Burling slip. 22. Fulton street. 23. Beekman street. 24. Beekman and Peck slip. 25. 26, Peck slip. 27. Dover street. 28. Dover and Roosevelt streets. 29. Roosevelt street. 30. Roosevelt and James streets. 31. 32, James slip. 33. Oliver street. 34, 35. Catharine street. 36. Catharine and Market streets. 37, 38. Market street. 39. Market and Pike streets. 40, 41. Pike street. 42. Pike and Rutgers street. 43, 44. Rutgers street. 45. Rutgers and Jefferson. 46. Jefferson street. 47. Jefferson and Clinton. 48. Clinton street. 49. Clinton and Montgomery streets, 50. Montgomery street. 51. 52. Gouverneur street. 53. Jackson street. 54. Corlears street. 55. Cherry street. 56. 57. Broome street. 58, 59. Delancey street. 60. Rivington street. 61. Rivington and Stanton streets. KATES OF POSTAGE. 177 DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN RATES OF POSTAGE. DOMESTIC POSTAGE. The following Table will show the Eates of Postage on letters ; also the postage on news- papers, books, pamphlets and all mailable mat- ter to and from all parts of the United States. Letters. jEach^oz. Letters to any part of the U. States. Drop letters— that is, letters mailed in a city, to be delivered elsewhere iu the same city Postal cards to any part of the U. S . Registered letters are charged 10 cts. in addition to the proper postage . 3cts. 2 cts. 1 ct. each. Books, Transient Newspapers, For Every Mdse, etc. 2 oz. Books, circulars and other printed matter (including transient news- papers), seeds, cuttings, bulbs, roots and scions, in packages not exceeding 4 lbs. in weight, for each ounce Merchandise and samples, in pack- ages not exceeding 4 lbs. in weight, for each ounce or fraction thereof. Newspapers, circulars and periodicals not exceeding 2 oz. in weight, de- posited for local delivery Exceeding 2 oz let. let. 1 ct. each. 2 cts. each Postage on Newspapers, Magazines and Periodicals to Subscribers. The postage rates on all newspapers and peri- odical publications, mailed from a known office of publication or news agency, and addressed to regular subscribers or news agents, are as follows : On daily and weekly newspapers and periodi- cal publications, and on newspapers and periodi- cals issued oftener than once a week, two (2) cents for each pound or fraction thereof. On newspapers and periodicals issued less frequently than once a week, three (3) cents per pound or fraction thereof^ MONEY ORDERS. Rates on money orders in U. S. : Not exceed- ing S15, ten cents ; over ^20 to $30, fifteen cents ; over $30 to $40, twenty cents ; over $40 to $50, twenty-five cents. Money orders to Great Britain and Switzer- land : Not exceeding $10, twenty-five cents ; over $10 to $20, fifty cents ; over $20 to $30, seventy-five cents ; over $30 to $40, one dollar ; over $40 to $50, one dollar and twenty -five cents. Money orders to Germany : Not exceeding $5, fifteen cents ; over $5 to $10, twenty-five cents ; over $10 to $20, fifty cents ; over $20 to $30, seventy-five cents ; over $30 to $40, one dollar ; over $40 to $50, one dollar and twenty-five cents. Money orders to Canada : Not exceeding $10, twenty cents ; over $10 to $20, forty cents ; over $20 to $30, sixty cents ; over $30 to $40, eighty cents ; over $40 to $50, one dollar. POSTAGE TO FOREIGN COUN- TRIES. The following Table shows the Eates of Post- age chargeable on letters and newspapers to the foreign countries and places named in alpha- betical order. Letters. Argentine Confederation. . . Aspinwall Austria Australia, via San Francisco do. via England., do. via Brindisi . . Belgium Bermuda, via New York Brazil, direct Canada, Nova Scotia, New- foundland, etc Cape of Good Hope Chili, BoliAia, Ecuador and Peru China, via Southampton... Denmark, via England East Indies,via San F'ncisco do. via England do. via Brindisi France German States, via North German Union Great Britain and Ireland. . Holland Hong Kong, Canton, Svva- tow, Amoy and Foochow, via San Francisco Italy, via England Japan, via San Francisco.. Liberia Mexico Norway and Sweden Portugal, via Southampton. Russia, via England Shanghai, via San Francisco Spain Switzerland ...... Turney, Syria, etc., via Eng- land Venezuela, by American Packet Venezuela, by B'tish Packet West Indies, direct do. (British), via St. Thomas or Havana Not exceeding K DZ. 23 cts, 5 *5 5 15 21 *5 5 15 *2r 17 *27 *5 10 *21 *27 5 *5 *5 *5 10 *5 15 *15 10 *5 *5 *5 5 5 *5 *5 10 13 5 13 News- papers. The asterisk (*) indicates that the postage may be paid or not, at the option of the sender of the letter. t The newspaper postage to Canada is the same as that to any part of the United States. Postal Cards to Foreign Countries. American postal cards may be sent for an ad- ditional one cent stamp to European countries and Egypt. 178 NEW YOEK AS IT IS. J>GO< tH CO ( J> IC r-t CO O T-H lO O CO i^ 00 rt< CO t- (M JO O CO IC CO GO TtOiCC'C0-^' i05lCGOOCOCOC005r-l< lOOi>i.^r-li-lOOOiOTjH( t lo t^ Oi in CO < ) cc ccia ^ ta <■ ! -rt^ in CO CO OS < i OS co" OJ-rt^l^CQlCTtHC^CO-^t^COOiCOCQCQ^JJCOCOiC-^OrH i005?0i0Oi0O0SOC0»n)»OQ0G0i'-i^OT— i^OOOsO OoJ-tCOCOCvli^OiOlOiOOSOiCOCOOOSiOy^OiOOOCO >t^<:C CO 05 C505J>ii5 lOOi-iOOmi-Hi— ((M CC'CiCS»Ol^C>"}O3C'5(MG0a5CCt^TtiSOC0Q0lO?ClC'*lO oo^oc5THOC5iocoi-r-io05in-*o"}'+i'Hcoio^o TjH(?}05ooOO'*ooicociO»oi^oxur;'*xociiD ThiiC»COC00DOC3t-i:Ca0THi;0«0'il(M««Di l>. ^O CO C^ CD CO CD O «0 CO I- '^ (M 1— I lO CO i-^ i-O ■ to CO CO c?~co"T-rTH"o"ariirfo"o"Q"r'-"co"(^ri-rarQ J>" ■;^T-ICMC^^CMCOC0C5cQiH0J(Mr-I^C^ OS'»^-^005QOC5COlOCDCOC5l^iOiOCOO> 0305GOl^lOC^GOi'-05CMiCiOi-IC0100JTH CDCOiOl--r-lrH050l-OOCDiCC<8l^i^CO OS OOSTti-lOCOOSOt^OCD05 COTfiCOCOOSC5COl-T-HC5rt"o"r-rco''rjrr-rGO"Q'~0'~CC'' -*"?>" bTco" T-H 1—1 T-iCOOS)OCQOCOOiCOOO«GOOOCO COOOSOiMi^l-ClCOCOr-fOOSOO co^(M i0^i--_^i'-^io^co^i-^(M^Tti^os^oq_iC_C\i^ rH"od~os"cfi>"co")i:rQ"t-"cD"^"T-rc^rrir OSlOi-lQC0TH,-l»ncD(MT«00 05T-iO^01C0 0S00l0C0Tt*C0 OS^CO^OO^CQ^O^O^T-H (M^OS_^OS_^Cq 05^ Os'~Os"o"' l>-" r-lT-lT-l(MrHCQr-(05 ^ rHCOCDCD-^COOQOOSO TfOS(M(M-^GO(MOJi-(05 05^-^_^-^^(M^i--^C5^T-H_T-H^i>^GO^ i>roo''j>ro"^"T-r(M'"o5"Tiro" g CD" OS o o O l^ OS IC 00 CO -* Oi CD Tt^ CO TtH I- OS CO^T-H^Ti^^OS^^rH^^O^CO^ Tirjo"cD''cD"os"oo'~u:r i-ICOCOOOOJ>!>l^(McOS>CDOi— ICOCOCOCO OSOOO(MO?CQC1COCOCO-^lomiOOt-J> 1^00 CO 00 GO COQOQO 00 CO 0000 00 00 GO 00 00 00 : : . : : :'^**^ ^§1|55||5|gil|||IS|§gggg CKIMTNAL STATISTICS. 179 CRIMINAL STATISTICS, OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK FOR THE YEAR ENDING OCTOBER 31, 1875. The total number of cases disposed of in the Police Courts of the city during the present year was 84,399, of which number 60,331 were males and S4,068 were females. Of these there were held upon some charge 54,655, of whom 36,841 were males and 17,814 were females. There were discharged 29,733, of whom 23,749 were males and 6,254 were femaies, and 11 cases of males are still pending the decision of magistrate. NATIVITY. Of the total number of persons held for trial and convicted, amounting to 54,655, the several nativities are distributed as follows : Ireland, 23,891; United States, 21,270; Germany, 5,197; England, 1,793; Scotland, 563 ; France, 452, Italy, 277; other foreign countries, 757; and not given, 455. No compari- son can be made with last year, as the report for that year shows the nativity of almost one-third not given. INTOXICATION AND DISORDERLY CONDUCT. The nativity of those convicted upon charges of intoxication and disorderly conduct is as follows ; Ireland, 18,816; United States, 13, 159; Germany, 2,754; England, 1,281; Scotland, 456; France, 294; Italy, 124; other foreign countries, 452; not given, 133; total, 37,470. FELONY. The nativity of those held for trial upon charges of felony is as follows; United States, 1,892; Ireland, 552; Germany, 365; England, 117; France, 37, Italy, 30; Scotland, 17; other foreign countries, 71; and not given, 45. Total: 3,126. MISDEMEANOR. The nativity of those held for trial upon charges of misdemeanor is as fol- lows: United States, 3,386; Ireland, 2,569; Germany, 1,422; England, 203; France, 74; Italy, 67; Scotland, 43; other foreign countries, 132; and not given, 157. Total, 8,053. VAGRANCY. The nativity of those convicted of being vagrants is as follows : United States, 1,373; Ireland, 1,212; Germany, 284; England, 118; Scotland, 33; France, 26 ; Italy, 25 ; other foreign countries, 47 ; and not given, 33. Total, -3,151. By reference to table F, the nativity for each specific offense may be seen. AGE. The ages of all persons held for trial or convicted are as follows : Under the age of 14 years, 1,536 males and 336 females; total, 1,872. Between the ages 14 and 20 years, 4,327 males and 1,418 females; total, 5,745. Between the ages of 20 and 30 years, 13,308 males and 7,086 females; total, 20,394. Between the ages of 30 and 40 years, 16,048 males and 5,348 females; total, 15,396. Over 40 years of age, 7,065 males and 3,471 females; total, 10,536. Age not given, 557 males and 155 females; total, 54,655. No comparison can be made with last year, owing to the large number reported for that year as not given. COLOR. The color of those held or convicted is reported as — white, 53,534; black, 1,121; total, 54,655. Last year the color was reported— white, 48,678; black, 573; total, 49,251; making an increase for this year of — white, 4,856; black, 548; total, 5,404. PART VIII. NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Estab- lished. 1855. 1874. 1794. 1828. 1873. 1870. 1859. Daily. Bulletin and Auction Record, 5 South William street. City Record (Official Journal), No. 2 City Hall. Commercial Advertiser (daily and weekly), cor. Fulton and Nassau streets. Courier des Etats-Unis (daily and weekly) 92 Walker street. Daily Graphic (Illustrated), 41 Park place. Daily Register, 308 Broadway. Evening Mail (daily and weelkly), 34 Park Row. 1835. Evening Express (daily, semi-weekly and weekly), 23 Park row. 1801. Evening Post (daily, semi-weekly and weekly), 206 Broadway cor. Fulton. 1867. Evening Telegram, 2 Ann street. 1862. Financial Daily Record, 42 Broad street. 1834. Herald* (daily and weekly), cor. Broadway and Ann street. 1791. Journal of Commerce (daily, semi-weekly and weekly), 76 Beaver street. 1859. Le Messager Franco-Americain, 42 Great Jones street. 1858. News, 19 City Hall Square. 1846. New Yorker Demokrat (daily and weekly). 1861. New Yorker Journal (daily and weekly), 15 Frjmkfort street. 1873. New Yorker Presse (daily and weekly), 7 Frankfort street. 1870. New Yorker Tages-Nashrichten, 19 City Hall Square. 1851. Skandinavish Post (daily and weekly), 19 City Hall Square. 1851. Staats-Zeitung (daily and weekly). Try on Row. 1868. Star (The), 27 City Hall Square. 1833. Sun* (The), (daily and weekly), Printing House Square. 1851. Times* (daily, semi-weekly and weekly). Printing House Square. 1841. Tribune (daily, semi-weekly and weekly). Printing House Square, 1871. Witness (daily and weekly), 2 Spruce street. 1860. World* (daily, semi-weekly and weekly), 35 Park row. * Issued on Sundays. Weekly and Semi- Weekly. Advocate and Family Guardian, 29 East 29th St. Albion, 16 South William st. American Art Journal, 104 East 13th st. American Commercial Times, 86 Duane. American Grocer, 141 Chambers st. American Newspaper Reporter, 41 Park row. American Railroad Journal, 9 Spruce st. Anierican Standard Register, 30 Vesey st. Appleton's Journal, 551 Broadway. Arbeiter Zeitung, 113 Chrystie st. Arcadian, 169 Fulton st. Army and Navy Journal, 23 Murray. Art Journal, 104 East 13th st. Atlantische Blaetter, 24 Stanton st. Bank Note and Commercial Reporter, 2^ Beekman. 180. NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS. 181 Baptist Union, 37 Park row. Baptist Weekly, 37 Park row. Boys' and Girls' Weekly, 537 Pearl st. Bulletin de New York, 48 Broad. Catholic Review, 37 Park row. Chimney Corner, 637 Pearl st. Christian Advocate, 805 Broadway. Christian Intelligencer, 6 New Church st. Christian Union, 24 Murray st. Christian at Work, 103 Chambers st. Chronicle, 86 Liberty st. Church Journal and Gospel Messenger, 783 Broadway. Church Union, 292 Broadway. Church and State, 139 Eighth st. Churchman, 713 Broadway. Coal Trade Journal, 39 Nassau st. Commercial and Financial Chronicle and Hunt's Merchant's Magazine, 79 William. Copy Hook, 37 Park row. Comer Stone, 599 Broadway. Counting-House Monitor, 75 Fulton st. Crockery and Glass Journal, 30 Vesey st. Cronista (El), (semi-weekly), 64 BroadAvay. Day's Doings, 535 Pearl st. Deutsch Amerikanische Volksbibliothek, 19 Dey st. Deutsch Volksfreund, 150 Nassau st. Deutsches Volksblatt, Third av., near 147th St. Digest, 79 Nassau st. Druggists' Journal, 350 Pearl st. Drygoods Reporter, 350 Pearl st. Echo, 39 William st. Eco d'ltalia (semi-weekly), 51 Liberty st. Engineering and Mining Journal,27 Park pi. Examiner and Chronicle, 39 Park row. Fireside Companion, 84 Beekman st. Eorest and Stream, 17 Chatham st. Fortschritt (Literary Journal). Free Press, 185 Bleecker st. Free Lance, 31 Park row. Freischuetz (Der), 3 N. William st. Girls and Boys of America, 84 Beekman st. Gospel Sower, 34 Vesey st. Grocers' Price Current, 350 Pearl st. Grocery and Provision Review, 42 Cedar st. Grocer, 163 Chambers st. Hardware Price Current, 350 Pearl st. Harper's Bazar, 331 Pearl st. Harper's Weekly, 331 Pearl st. Heart and Hand, 142 Fulton st. Hearth and Home, 41 Park pi. Hebrew Leader, 196 Broadway. Home Journal, 3 Park place. Illustrated Christian Weekly, 150 Nassau Illustrated Newspaper, 537 Pearl st. Illustrated Weekly, 11 Dey st. lUustriste Zeitung, 537 Pearl st. Independent, 251 Broadway. Insurance and Real Estate Journal, 23 Dey St. Internal Revenue Record, 23 Murray st. Irish American, 57 Murray st. Irish Citizen, 59 Warren st. Irish Democrat, 25 Beekman st. Irish World, 5 Barclay st. Iron Age, 10 Warren st. Jewish Gazette, 112 Canal st. Jewish Messenger, 645 Broadway. Jewish Times, 11 Ann st. Journal de la Semaine, 41 Liberty. La Revolucion, 13 Park row. Lady's Journal, 537 Pearl st. Liberal Christian, 214 Broadway. Medical Record, 27 Great Jones st. Merchants and Manf 's Times, 31 Park row. Metal Worker, 10 Warren st. Methodist, 114 Nassau st. Monde Illustre, 41 Liberty st. Moore's Rural New Yorker, 78 Duane st. Nation, 5 Beekman st. National Police Gazette, 15 Centre st. Nature, 21 Astor place. Nautical Gazette, 40 Burling slip. Neue Heim, 22 Beekman st. New Jerusalem Messenger, 20 Cooper Union. New Sensation, 28 Beekman st. New York Clipper, 88 Centre st. N. Y. Commercial Times, 31 Park row. New York Courier, 18 Ann st. New York Day Book, 60 Beekman st. New York Dispatch, 11 Frankfort st. New York Era, (S. W. & W.), 26 Ann St. New York Evangelist, 5 Beekman st. N. Y. FamUy Story Paper, 28 Beekman st. New York Freeman's Journal, 37 Barclay. New York Handel's Zeitung, 73 William st. New York Home Magnet, 75 Nassau st. New York Ledger, 182 William st. New York Maritime Register, 73 William st. N. Y. Mercantile Journal, 350 Pearl st. New York Mercury, 128 Fulton st. New York Observer, S. J. Prime & Co., 37 Park row. N. Y. School Journal, 89 Liberty st. New York Spectator, 126 Fulton st. New York Sportsman, 23 Park row. New York Sunday News, 19 Chatham st. New York Tablet, 31 Barclay st. N. Y. Trade Reporter, 17 New Church st. New York Weekly, 31 Rose st. New Yorker, 49 Liberty st. Once a Week, 59 Hudson st. Paper Trade Reporter, 57 Gold st. Pathfinder, 66 John st. People's Pulpit, 57 Bible House. 182 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. Pleasure Season, 91 Duane st. Producer's Price Current, 162 B'way. Publishers' Weekly, F. Seyboldt, 37 Park R. Railroad Gazette, 71 B'way. Railroad Journal, 9 Spruce st. Rationalist. 16 New Church st. Real Estate Record, 345 B'way. Saturday Star Journal, 98 William st. Schnedderedeng, 59 Beekman st. Scientific American, Munn & Co., 37 Park row. Scottish American Journal, 37 Park row. Shipping and Commercial List, 4 Cedar st. Established in 1795. Shoe and Leather Reporter, 17 Spruce st. Social Democrat, 17 Forsyth st. South, 182 Fulton st. Spirit of the Times, 3 Park row. Stockholder, 59 Cedar st. Sunday Citizen, 59 Warren st. Sunday Democrat, 25 Beekman st. Sunday Mercury, 128 Fulton st. Sunday School Advocate, 805 B'way. Sunday Times, 12 Frankfort st. Telegrapher, 38 Vesey st. The Public, 71 Broadway. Thompson Bank Note Reporter, 22 Beek- man St. Time Table, 173 Greenwich st. Tobacco Leaf, 142 Fulton st. Touchstone (The), 52 Fourth av. Trade Record, l&i Fulton st. Truth Seeker, 335 Broadway. Turf, Field and Farm, 37 Park row. United States Economist, 88 White st. United States Mining Journal, 16 South William st. Volksfruend, 150 Nassau st. Wall Street Journal, 16 S. William st. Weekly Bulletin, 76 WUliam st. Wild Oats, 59 Beekman st Wine and Fruit Reporter, 45 Beaver st. Wodohull & Claflin's Weeklylll Nassau st. Young American, 537 Pearl st. Monthly PublicationB. Advance, 75 Gold st. Aldine, 58 Maiden Lane. Alte und Neue Welt, 311 Broadway. American Age, 245 Broadway. American Agriculturist, 245 Broadway. American Bibliopolist, 84 Nassau st. American Brewer, 5 Frankfort st. American Brewer's Gazette, 194 Fulton st. American Builder, 176 Broadway. American Educational Monthly, 14 Bond. American Engineering, 269 Pearl. American Industries, 14 Park place. American Literary Bureau, 20 Cooper Un. American Lloyds, 35 Wall st. American Locomotive Engineer, 269 Pearl. American Messenger, 150 Nassau st. American Missionary, 56 Reade st. American Progress, 239 Broadway. Amigo de Los Ninos, 40 Broadway. Aquatic Monthly, 33 Union square. Art Journal, 551 Broadway. Ateneo (El), 31 Park Row. Atlantic, 13 Astor place. Bankers' Magazine, 251 Broadway. Bible Society Record, 4 Bible House. Biblical Museum, 52 Fourth av. Blackwood's Magazine, 41 Barclay st. Body and Mind, 137 Eighth street. Botschaften, 150 Nassau st. Boys of America, 537 Pearl st. Budget of Fun, 537 Pearl st. Carrier Dove, 22 Bible House. Catholic World, 9 Warren st. Centennial Art Journal, 409 Broadwav. Child's Paper, 150 Nassau st. Child's World, 7 Bible House. Christian Patriot, 37 Park row. Christian World, 45 Bible House. Church Gazette, 153 East 39th st. Contemporary Review, 25 Bond st. Delineator (The), 555 Broadway. Demorest's Monthly, 17 East 14th st.. Dental Monitor, 25 West 23d st. Domestic Monthly, 849 Broadway. Druggists' Circular, 36 Beekman st.. Eclectic Magazine, 25 Bond st. Electrical Era, 7 West 14th st. Espejo (El), 4 Cedar st. Family Friend, 52 Fourth av. Family Journal, 292 Broadway. Fire Record, 65 Liberty st. Floral Cabinet, 46 Beekman st. Friendly Visitor, 52 Fourth av. Galaxy, 677 Broadway. God's Glad Tidings, 15 Bible House. Golden Hours, 39 Nassau st. Golden Hours, 805 Broadway. Good Cheer, 102 Chambers st. Good Things, 25 Bond st. Good Words, 102 Chambers st. Grand Army Gazette, 28 Centre st. Grangers' Price Current, 32 Beekman st. Guide to Holiness, 14 Bible House. Hall's Journal of Health, 137 Eighth stw Harper's New Monthly, 331 Pearl st. Herald of Health, 13 Laight st. Here and There, 115 Broad st. Hive, 52 Fourth av. NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS. 183 Home Journal of Health, 849 Broadway. Home Missionary, 34 Bible House. Home and Abroad, 22 Bible House. Homilist, 52 Fourth av. Household Magazine, 41 Park Row. Housekeeper, b9 Duane st. Hub, 323 Pearl st. Humorist, 33 Park Row. Importer, 42 Pine st. Industrial Monthly Magazine, 176 B'way. Infant's Magazine, 52 Fourth av. Insurance Age, 265 Broadway. Insurance Law Journal, 176 Broadway. Insurance Monitor, 176 Broadway. Insurance Times, 137 Broadway. Iron Age, 10 Warren st. Kind Words, 52 Fourth av. Ladies' Floral Cabinet, 46 Beekman st. Ladies' Own Magazine, 11 Clinton place. Ladies' Repository, 805 Broadway. Lady's Magazine, 537 Pearl st. Life Boat, 80 Wall st. Little Gem, 46 Beekman st. London Lancet, 52 John street. Macmillan's Magazine, 21 Astor place. Manufacturers' Review, 18 Exchange pi. Manufacturers and Builders', 37 Park row. Messenger, 150 Nassau st. Millers' Journal, 34 Park Row. Mirror of Fashion, 615 Broadway. Missionary Advocate, 805 Broadway. Missionary Herald, 39 Bible House. Missionary Link, 47 East 21st st. Monthly Packet, 52 Fourth av. Morning, 23 Park Row. Morning Light, 150 Nassau st. Morning of Life, 52 Fourth av. Mothers' Magazine, 5 Beekman st. Morford's American Traveller, 56 Broadway Musical Globe, 2 Clinton place. My Paper, 102 Chambers st. National Agriculturist, 128 Nassau st. National Bank Note Reporter, 76 Nassau st. National Protestant. 67 Liberty st. National Teachers' Monthly, 111 William st. National Temp. Advocate, 58 Reade st. Needle, 25 Park Row. New Era, 67 William st. New Remedies, 27 Great Jones st. New York Journal of Health, 12 Union sq. New York Medical Journal, 551 Broadway. New York Trade Gazette, 75 Gold st. Nick Nax, 49 Liberty st. Normal Class, 805 Broadway. Novo Mundo, 39 Park Row. Old and Young, 102 Chambers st. Our own Fireside, 176 William st. Painters' Magazine, 42 Cedar st. Paper Makers' Monthly, 77 Duane st. Palish Visitor, 2 Bible House. Patent Right Gazette, 94 Chambers st. Peerless, 88 East 10th st. Penny Post, 52 Fourth av. Phrenological Journal, 737 Broadway. Phunny Fellow, 31 Rose st. Pictorial World, 75 Gold st. Pleasant Hours, 537 Pearl st. Popular Science Monthly, 551 Broadway. Portfolio, 706 Broadway. Practitioner, 21 Astor Place. Presbyterian Quarterly, 38 John st. Safeguard, 36 Broad st. Sailor's Magazine, 80 Wall st. St. Nicholas Magazine, 743 Broadway. St. Paul's Magazine, 25 Bond st. Sanitarian, 234 Broadwaj'. Science of Health, 737 Broadway. Science Gossip, 308 Fourth av. Scribner's Magazine, 743 Broadway. Seaman's Friend, 80 Wall st. Sewing Machine Journal, 66 Bible House. Singers' Journal, 60 Chatham st. Sound Words, 15 Bible House. Spectator, 16 Dey st. Spirit of Missions, 22 Bible House. Student's Journal, 563 Broadway. Sunday, 52 Fourth av. Sunday at Home, 7 Bible House. Sunday Magazine, 52 Fourth av. Sunday School Chronicle, 52 Fourth av. Sunday School Journal, 805 Broadway. Sunday School Times, 52 Fourth av. Sunday School World, 7 Bible House. Sunshine, 52 Fourth av. Tailors' Review, 555 Broadway. Technologist, 176 Broadway. Temperance Magazine, 383 Broome st. Ten Weeks, 25 Bible House. Truth Seeker, 335 Broadway. U. States Insurance Gazette, 153 Broadway. Univers lUustre (L'), 41 Liberty st. Van Nostrand's Eclectic Engineering, 23 Murray st. Watchmaker and Jeweler, 65 Nassau st. Work and Play, 57 Bible House. Working Church, 57 Bible House. Working Teacher, 89 Liberty st. Workshop, 32 Frankfort st. Yankee Notions, 49 Liberty st. Young Catholic, 9 Warren st. Young Israel, 17 Cedar st. Your Paper, 23 Park Row. Youth's Temperance Banner, 58 Reade st. 184 NEW YORK ^AS IT IS. Quarterly Publications. Advertiser's Gazette, 40 Park Row. African Repository, 44 Bible House. American . Journal of Obstetrics, 27 Great Jones st, American Life Assurance Magazine, 153 Broadway. Congregational Magazine, 69 Bible House. Edinburgh Review, 41 Barclay st. Happy Hours, 1 Chambers st. Leaf Cluster, 805 Broadway. Methodist Quarterly Review, 805 Broad- way. Missionary Echo, 2 Bible House. Musical Monitor, 55 Maiden lane. Photographic Review, 25 Bond st. Pulpit and Rostrum, 14 Bond st. Real Estate Journal, 345 Broadway. Semi-Weekly Publications. City Gazette, 2,401 Third av. Cronista (El), &4 Broadway. I Eco d' Italia, 51 Liberty st. I Shipping and Commercial List, 4 Cedar st. Semi-Monthly Publications. American Bookseller, 121 Nassau st. American Gas Light Journal, 42 Pine st. American, Illustrated, 39 Park Row. Education, Popular, 40 Broadway. Journal of the Telegraph, 195 Broadway. Lutherische Herald, 39 Centre st. Novellen-Schatz, 19 Dey st. Precio Corrients Americano, 237 Broadway. NEW YORK ASSOCIATED PRESS. Rooms, 8tli floor Western Union Telegraph Company's Building. James W. Simonton, General Agent. NEW YORK CITY PRESS ASSOCIATION Rooms, 111 Nassau Street. C. A. O'RouRKE, Manager. New York Newspapers and Periodicals. The Daily, Weekly, and Semi- Weekly papers, and Monthly and Quarterly publications, now number about four hundred. The Dailies are mostly issued in the interest of the different politicl parties, or stand independent, while others are devoted to different kinds of business pursuits ; a few being issued in foreign languages. The Weekly, Semi-Weekly, and Monthly publications are of all kinds — devoted to the Arts, Manufactures, Trade and Commerce, as well as Miscellaneous reading. Of the latter are many Religious publications. The Quarterly publications are comparatively few, being mostly devoted to Religious subjects. Medical, etc. Note. — The list as here published, has been revised from the books of Messrs. Geo. p. Rowell & Co. , publishers of the American Newspaper Directory, and will be found accurate and complete. OCEAN STEAMER LEAVING NEW YORK. OCEAN STEAMERS. 185 OCEAN STEAMERS SAILING FROM AMERICAN TO FOREIGN PORTS— 1876. New York to Bremen, via Southampton, England — Per " North German Lloyd" Steamship Line — Established 1858 — Steamships America^ Donau, Frankfort, Oraf Bismarck^ Habsburg, Hansa, Hermann, Hanover, Holwnzollern, Hohenstauffen, Koln, Kronprim, Fr. W., Main, Mosel, Neckar, Oden, Hhein, Strashurg, Salter and Weser — Sailing every Saturday. Oelrichs & Co., Agents, No. 3 Bowling Green, New'York. New York to Plymouth, Cherbourg and Hamburg — Per " Hamburg- Ameri- can Packet Co." — Established 1856. — '^itQQ.-msh.v^s Allemannia, Bavaria, Bo— russia, Cimbra, Franconia, Fisia, Oellert, Oermania, OoetJie, Hammonia, Her der, Holsatia, Klopstock, Lessing, Lotharingia, Poinmerania, Rhenania, Saxonia. Silesia, Suerma, Teutonia, Thuringia, Vandalia and Westphalia — Sailing from Hoboken every Thursday. Kunhardt & Co., Agents, 61 Broad Street, and C. B. Richard & Boas, General Passenger Agents, 61 Broadway, New York. New York to Havre, France — Per "General Transatlantic Co." — Steame ships Amerique, France, Lafayette, Labrador, Periere, Saint Laurent^ Ville d. Paris and Washington — Sailing every other Saturday from Pier No. 50, N. R- Louis de Bedian, Agent, 55 Broadway, New York. Kew York to Glasgow — Calling at Londonderry, Ireland — Per "Anchor Line" — Steamers Alsatia, Anchoria, Anglia, Australia, Bolivia, Caledonia, California, Castalia, Elysia, Ethiopia, Europa, India, Italia, Nubia, Trinacria, Utopia and Victoria — Sailing every Saturday from Pier No. 20, North River. Henderson Bros., Agents, 7 Bowling Green. New York to Marseilles, France, and Ports in the Mediterranean — Per "An- chor Line." — Steamers Acadia,, Alexandria, Assyria, ColuTnbia, Despatch, Dorian, Napoli, Olympia, Scotia, Scandinavia, Shamrock, Sidonian and Tyrian. Sail every week from Pier 21, N. R. Henderson Bros., Agents, 7 Bowling Green. New York to Liverpool— Calling at Cork.— (Cunard Line— Established, 1840.) — Per British & North America Royal Mail Steamships Abyssinia, Algeria, Aleppo, Atlas, Batavda, Calabria, China, Cuba, Hecla, Java, Kedar, Malta, Marathon, Morocco, Olympus, Palmyra, Parthia, Russia, Samaria, Scotia, Siberia, Sidon, Tarifa, Trinidad, Bothnia, Scythia and Saragossa. Sailing from New York every Wednesday and Saturday ; from Boston twice a week. — Chas. G. Franckltn, Agent, 4 Bowling Green, N. Y. ; Jas. Alexander, Agent, 99 State street, Boston. {See Adv.) 186 NEW YORK AS IT IS. New York to Liverpool — Calling at Cork, Ireland. — Per National Steamship Company's Steameks Spain, Egypt, The Queen, Erin, England and Helvetia. Bailing Saturdays from Pier 47, North River. — F. W. J. Hurst, Manager, 69 Broadway, N. Y. The most Southerly Route has always been adopted by this Company, to avoid ice and headlands. New York to London. — Per National Line Steamers Italy, France, Canada, Greece, Denmark and Holland. Sailing from Piers 44 and 47, North River, fortnightly.— F. W. J. Hurst, Manager, 69 Broadway, N. Y. New York to Liverpool, via Queenstown. — Per "White Star Line Steam- ers " Adriatic, Baltic, Britannic, Germanic, Celtic, Oceanic and Republic. (Carrying the U. S. Mails.) Sailing every Saturday. — R. J. Cortis, Agent, 37 Broadway. New York to Bristol, England. — Per Great Western S. S. Line. — Steam- ers Arragon, Cornwall, Great Western and Somerset, sailing from Pier 18, East River. — W. D. Morgan, Agent, 70, South street. New York. New York to Liverpool — Calling at Queenstown. — "Inman Line." (Estab- lished 1850.) City of Neio York, City of Brooklyn, City of Brussels, City of Lon- don, City of Paris, City of Antwerp, City of Limerick, City of Bristol, City of Chester, City of Montreal, City of Richmond, and City of Berlin. Sailing every Saturday from Pier 45, North River. — John G. Dale, Agent, 15 Broadway. To Liverpool and Queenstown. — Per Liverpool and Great Western Steam Company's Steamers (carrying the U. S. Mails), Idaho, Nevada, Wiscon- sin, Wyoming, Dakota and Montana. Sailing every Tuesday from Pier 46, North River. Passage Office, 29 Broadway. — Williams & Guion, 63 Wall street. New York to Glasgow and Belfast. — Per State Line Steamers Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Indiana and Nevada. Sailing every Thursday from Eagle Pier, Hoboken. — Austin Baldwin & Co. , Agents, 72 Broadway, N. Y. New York to Antwerp. — Per " White Cross Line ' Steamers Steinmann, C, F. Funchand Auguste Andre. — Punch, Edye & Co., Agents, 27 South William street. New York to Rotterdam. — Per Netherlands- American Steam Navigation Company's Steamers Maas, Rotterdam, P. Caland, and W. A. ScJwtten. — Sailing every second Thursday from Pier near Pavonia Ferry, J. C. — Funch, Edye & Co. , Agents, 27 South William street. New York to Hull, England.— Calling at Southampton.— Per "Wilson- Line. "—Steamers Colombo, Hindoo, Navarino and Othello. Sail from Pier No. 53, N. R. Chas. L. Wright & Co., Agents, 56 South Street, New York. New York to Rio de Janeiro.— Calling at St. Thomas, W. I., Para, Per- nambuco, Bahia, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.— Per United States and Brazil Mail Steamships Ontario, South America and Merrimack. Sailing from Pier 43, N. R., New York, on the 23d of every month.— Connect with steamers running to Montevideo and Buenos Ayres. — Wm. R. Garrison^ Agent, 5 Bowling Green, New York. OCEAN STEAMERS. 18T New York to Havana, Progresso, Oampeachy, Vera Cruz, Tuxhan, Tam- pico and New Orleans.— Per New York, Havana and Mexican Mail Steamship Line. Steamers City of Mexico, City of Merida, City of Vera Cruz, City of Neio York, City of Havana and Cuba. Sailing from Pier No 3, N. R.— F. Alexander & Sons, 38 Broadway, New York. Note.— The Steamers remain at several of the above Ports sufficient time for visit back in the interior, making the trip specially attractive for both tour- ists and invalids at any season of the year, from either New York or New Orleans. New York to Havana, Direct Mail Line.— Steamers sail every Tuesday from Pier 13, N. R., at 3 P. M. Steamers Crescent City, Columbus, Columbia, Mora Castle and Wilmington.— W . P. Clyde & Co., 6 Bowling Green New York. New York to Hayti, Jamaica, Venezuela and Spanish Main.— Per The Atlas Steamship Company's Mail Steamers Anxles, Atlas, Alps, Claribel and Etna.—^?L\\mg bi-monthly from Pier No. 12, N. R. Pim, For- ward & Co., Oemral Agents, 56 Wall Street. American Line.— Weekly Mail Steamship service between Philadelphia and Liverpool.— Calling at Queenstown, sailing every Thursday from Philadel- phia, and sailing every Wednesday from Liverpool. The following steamers are appointed to sail from Philadelphia : Ohio, Pennsylvania, *Kenilworth, Indiana, Illinois and ^Lord Clive. Prices of Passage in Currency — Cabin $75 to $100, according to location. Steerage and intermediate tickets to and from all points at the lowest rates. * Steamers marked with a star do not carry intermediate. Passenger accommodations for all classes unsurpassed. For passage, rates of freight, and other information, apply to Geo. W. Colton, Agent, No. 42 Broad Street ; John McDonald, Passenger Agent, No. 8 Battery Place, New York. Richardson, Spence & Co., Liverpool. Peter, Wright & Sons, General Agents, 307 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. Lines of Ocean Steamers Running from American to European Ports. NAME. NO. STEAMERS. SAILINa FROM AND TO. American Steamship Co 6 Philadelphia to Liverpool. . n T • on i Montreal and Quebec to Liverpool. Allan Line... -.... 20 j Sail from Portland, Me. , in Winter. " " 8 Baltimore to Halifax and Liverpool. Anchor Line 17 New York to Glasgow. " " 13 New York to Marseilles, &c. Cunard Line 26 New York and Boston to Liverpool. General Transatlantic {French Line) 7 New York to Havre. Great Western 4 New York to Bristol, England. Hamburg-American Line 24 ] ^l^d llamburg^""""""'- ^"''^""^ Inman Line 12 New York to Liverpool. Liverpool and Great Western 8 New York to Liverpool. 188 NEW YORK AS IT IS. National Line 7 " 5 ISTorse American 6 Netherlands- American _ 4 North German Lloyd's __ 20 5 State Line. 8 White Cross Line _.. 3 White Star Line 7 New York to Liverpool. New York to London. New York to London. New York to Rotterdam. N. Y. to Southampton and Bremen. Baltimore to Southampton and Bremen. New York to Glasgow. New York to Antwerp. New York to Liverpool. Ocean Steamers Running from New York to the West Indies, South American Ports, Ac. NAME. NO. STEAMERS. SAILING FROM AND TO. Atlas Steamship Co 7 New York to Hayti, Jamaica, &c. Havana Direct Mail Line 5 New York to Havana. New York and Mexican S. S. Line 6 New York to Havana, Vera Cruz, &c. U. S. and Brazil S. S. Co 3 St. Thomas, W. I. , Para, & Rio Janeiro. United States Mail Steamer 1 New York to St. Domingo. Pacific Mail Steamship Co 4 New York to Aspin wall. " " " " 6 Panama to San Francisco. " " " " 7 San Francisco to Japan and China. t( , Freight Agent. New York Central and Hudson River, Grand Central Depot. C. H. Ken- DRiCK, Ge7i. Ticket Agent. Ticket Office, 413 B'way. R. L. Crawford, Agent. Illinois Central, 9 Astor House. Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, Ticket Office, 252 Broadway. A. S. Winston, Agent. Long Island Depot, James slip, E. R. Michigan Central, Ticket office, 349_ Broadway. John Mulford, Freight Agent. , Passenger Agent. Morris and Essex, Depot, foot of Barclay street, foot of Christopher street, and Pier 48, N. R. Newark and New York, foot of Liberty street. New Jersey Railroad and Trans. Com., Ill Liberty street, and foot of Cort- landt Street. New York and Harlem, Grand Central Depot, Fourth Avenue. New York and New Haven, Depot, Fourth Avenue, Grand Central Depot. New York and Oswego Midland, Erie R. R. Depot. KAILROAD AND EXPRESS COMPANIES. 193 New Jersey Southern, Pier 8, N, R. New York and Flushing, foot James slip, E, R New York, Philadelphia and Washington Air Line, Ticket Office, foot of Cortlandt street. Northern Pacific, Office, Land Department, No. 23 Fifth Avenue, New York. Ohio and Mississippi, Office, 261 Broadway. Panama, No. 7 Nassau street, and Pier 42 N. R. , foot of Canal street. Pennsylvania Central, Ticket Offices, No. 1 Astor House, Nos. 526 and 944 Broadway ; No. 8 Battery Place, and at the Depots, foot of Desbrosses and Cortlandt streets. S. Carpenter, General Passenger Agent, 526 Broadway. Piedmont Air Line, 9 Astor House. Staten Island; Foot of Whitehall street. Stonington Line, 319 Broadway. Union and Central Pacific, 287 Broadway. F. Knowland, General Agent. Virginia and Tennessee Air Line, 303 Broadway. C. E. Evans, Agent. THE NEW RAILROAD TO PHILADELPHIA. "The Neio York and Philadelphia New Line" having completed the laying of its track, forming a junction with the Central New Jersey Railroad and the North Pennsylvania Railroad, will immediately complete the necessary pro- visions for its freight and passenger traffic. The road was built to break the monopoly of railroad business between New York and Philadelphia, and the company expects that it will immediately on its completion receive a large share of the business between the two cities. The length of the new line, from Lib- erty street, New York, to Berk street, Philadelphia, is eighty-eight miles, divided as follows : Central Railroad of New Jersey, from New York to Bound Brook, 32.4 miles ; Delaware and Bound Brook Railroad, 27 miles ; North Pennsylvania Railroad, Yardley ville to Philadelphia, 28. 6 miles. By the Pennsylvania Rail- road Company's leased line, from New York to Germantown Junction the dis- tance is 85.6 miles ; to Mantua Junction, West Philadelphia, it is 88 miles ; to New York Depot, Pennsylvania Railroad Company, Market and Thirty-second streets, it is 90 miles. The new line has its freight accommodations in this city at the foot of Liberty street, and in Philadelphia at Willow street. For pas- senger travel excellent accommodations are promised by the new company. EXPRESS COMPANIES IN THE CITIES OF NEW YORK, PHILA- DELPHIA, &c. Adams Express, 59 Broadway, New York ; 40 Court street, Boston ; 531 Chestnut street and Sixteenth and Market streets, Philadelphia ; 164 Baltimore street, Baltimore ; 225 Pennsylvania avenue, Washington. American Express, 65 Broadway, New York ; 98 Washington street, Boston; Albany, Buffalo and the West. Central Express, 59 Broadway, New York ; 531 Chestnut street, Philadel- phia. 194 NEW YORK AS IT IS. New Jersey Express, 59 Broadway, New York ; Newark, Trenton &c., and 531 Chestnut street, Philadelphia. National Express, 65 Broadway, New York ; Albany. Troy, Saratoga Springs, Montreal, &c. Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Co.'s Express, 624 Chestnut street, Philadelphia; Reading, Easton, &c., and 22 College Place, New York. Southern Express, 59 Broadway. United States Express, 82 Broadway, New York ; Buffalo, Cleveland, De- troit, Chicago and the West, Wells, Fargo «& Co.'s Express, 65 Broadway, New York; Salt Lake City, Utah ; Sacramento, San Francisco, &c. Westcott Express Co., 785 Broadway and 181 Fifth Avenue. FOREIGN EXPRESS CCMPANIES. American-European, 72 Broadway. Austin Baldwin & Co. American, Foreign and European, 40 Broadway. British and Foreign, 68 Broadway. Carrington & Co., 3 Bowling Green. European Express, 45 Broadway. Morris European, 50 Broadway. Jones, S. D., Foreign Express Company, 48 Broadway. European and East India, 48 Broadway. TELEGRAPH COMPANIES. Since the completion of the first line of Telegraph, in 1844, between the Cities of Washington and Baltimore, a distance of forty miles, the Government of the United States having appropriated $30,000 for that purpose to the late Prof. Morse, the construction of telegraph lines has increased with wonderful rapidity. Now, 1875, the Western Union Telegraph Co. alone has 175,000 miles of wire in use, extending across the Continent of America, and from near the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico, connecting with transatlantic lines to almost all parts of the habitable globe. TELEGRAPH COMPANIES, Having Offices in the City of New York : Anglo-American Telegraph Company. Five cables ; capital, £7,000,000. Principal offices, London, England. Agents in America, Western Union Tele- graph Co. (H^^The Line extends from Plaister Cove, N. S., to Valencia, Ire- land. Cyrus W. Field, Director, New York. American District Telegraph, No. 63 Broadway, New York. This Com- pany will furnish a Telegraphic Apparatus to Private Dwellings, Stores, Offices, lieslauiants, &c., connecting Subscribers with District Offices, affording protec- tion and convenience by means of a private police and messenger service. Elisha W. Andrews, President; A. W. Greenlbaf, Treasurer; C. B. Hotch- Kiss, Secretary. TELEGRAPH COMPANIES. 195 Atlantic and Pacific, 145 Broadway. Capital, $10,000,000. Thos. T. Eck- ERT, President; Albert B. Chandler, Secretary. These lines extend across the Continent, from New York to San Francisco, California. Messages trans- mitted by the Direct Cable Company to Europe and all parts of the world. The Franklin Telegraph Co., 145 Broadway. Capital, $1,000,000, Extends from Boston, Massachusetts, to Washington, D. C, including all intermediate cities. It connects at its termini with all the opposition Telegraph Companies, which extend over the greater part of the United States and Canada. Thos. T. EcKERT, President ; Alfred Nelson, Treasurer. Direct United States Cable Company, 16 Broad street. New York. In direct communication through the Company's own Cables with Europe, and connected with all Telegraphic Lmes throughout the entire world. Opened to the public September 15th, 1875 ; extends from Ballingskelleg's Bay to Rye Eeach, N. H., 3,060 miles. Gold and Stock, No. 195 Broadway. Capital, $3,500,000. This Company furnishes Gold and Stock Quotations, Cotton and Produce Exchange, and gene- ral Commercial News Reports to its subscribers, by Telegraphic Printing In- struments, at their respective places of business. Marshall Lepferts, Presi- dent ; George B. Prescott, Vice-President; Henry H. Ward, Secretary and Treasurer. International Ocean. Office, Western Union Telegraph Company, New York. Capital, $1,500,000. Extends from Lake City, Florida, to Havana, Cuba. William Orton, President. Erie Raitway, No. 145 Broadway and Eighth Avenue, cor. West 23d st. Southern and Atlantic Telegraph Company, No. 51 New street. New York. Connect with the Franklin Telegraph Line at Washington, D. C, and ^extend through the principal points in the Southern States. Western Union, 193 and 195 Broadway. Capital, $41,000,000. This ■Company reaches across the Continent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and embraces every State and Territory in the Union but Arizona. They also connect with Canada Lines of Telegraph, and with the Transatlantic and Cuba Cables, having in use 175,000 miles of wire. William Orton, President; A. R. Brewer, Secretary ; R. H. Rochester, Treasurer. THE PRINCIPAL SUB-MARINE CABLES . Are the Anglo- American, Anglo-Mediterranean, British-Indian and Ex- tension, British Australian, China Sub-Marine, China and Japan Ex- tension, Cuba Sub-Marine, Direct United States Cable, Falmouth, Gibraltar and Malta, Great Northern Danish Company, Indo-Euro- pean, International Ocean, Jersey and Guernsey, Marseilles, Al- giers AND Malta, Panama and South Pacific, Societe du Cable Trans- atlantic Francais, Sub-Marine— Dover, England, to Calais, France ; Sub- Marine — England to Denmark. 5t^° A great many Cables of short length, not included in this list, are now at work in various parts of the world. 196 NEW YORK AS IT IS. FOREIGN CONSULS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Argentine Rep. Edward F. Davison (C. G.), 128 Pearl street Austria-Hungary. Theo. A. Havemeyer (C. Q.), Hugo Fritsch (C), 38 Broadway, Belgium. Charles Mali (C), 68 Worth street. Bolivia. Jose Pol (C. G.). Brazil. Louis H. F. do Aguiar (C. G.), 13 Broadway. Uiili. I. B. Casablanca (V. C). CohmUa. Miguel Salgar (C. G.), AVilliam street. Co^ta Bica. Jose M. Munos (C. G.). Denmark. Henrik BraCn (C), 52 Broadway Equador. Jose Jerman Ribsen (C). France. L. de Forest C. G.), 4 Bowling Green. Germany. H. A. Shumacher (C. G.), F. Hinkel (C), August Feigel V. C), No. 2 Bowling Green Chxat Britain. Edward M. Archibald (C. G.), John P. Edwards (V. C), Gilbert Fraser (2d V. C), 17 Broadway. Greece. D. N. Botassi (C. G.), 56 Stone street. Guatemala. Jacobo Baiz (C. G.). Hawaiian Islands. Elisha H. Allen (C. G.), 24 Beaver street. Hayti. Charles A. Van Bokkelen (C), 29 Front street. Italy. Ferdinando de Lucu (C. G.), 7 Broadway. Japan. Tetonoske Tomita (V. C), Exchange place. Mexico. Juan N. Navarro (C. G.), 52 Exchange place. Monaco. Auguste A. Jacquemin (C), 41 Bowling Green. Netherlands. Rudolph C. Burlage (C. G.), 45 Exchange place. Nicaragua. Alex. I. Cotheal (C. G.), J. R. Espriella (C), 59 William street. Paraguay. Rafael R. Barthold (C. G.), 40 Stone street. Peru. Jose C. Trary (C), 39 Broadway. Portugal. A. M. du C. S. Major (C. G.), G. Amsinck (V. C), 148 Pearl street. Russia. Waldemar Bodesco (C. G.), Robert Schultze (V. C), 52 Exchange place. Spain. Hipolito de Uriarte (C. G.), F. Granados (V. C), M. S. de Saurez (Secretary), 29 Broadway. San Boudngo. Leonardo Del Monte (C), William street. Sweeden and Norway. C. Bors(C.), John W. Tornoe (V. C), 18 Exchange place. Switzerland. Jacques Bertschmann (C), Adrian Iselin (V C), 60 Wall street, Uruguay. Edwin C. B. Garcia (C. G.), Carlos E Leland (C), 76 Wall street. Venezuela. Sacinto G. Cob (C), Antonia A. Munoz (V. C), 24 Broadway. PART IX. OROWTH OF BANKS AND BANK CAPITAL DURING THE PAST SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS. In the Year 1800 there were but two Incorporated Banks in the City of New York, and in 1612 eight Banks. 1. The Bank of New York, incorporated March 1791, to endure until the second Tuesday in May 1811 ; charter was renewed until the second Tuesday in May 1833. Renewed in 1831 to tlie 1st January, 1853. Capital, $1,000,000. Reorganized in 1853, with capital of $3,000,000. In July, 1865, became a National, Bank. 3. The Manhattan Company was incorporated inl799 for the purpose of supplying the City of New York with pure and wholesome water, and for other purposes. Charter unlimited. Captal, $2,050,000. 3. The Merchants' Bank, incorporated in 1805, to endure until the first Tues- day in June, 1832. Renewed in 1831, till 1857. Capital, $1,490,000. In 1857 the capital increased to $3,000,000. July, 1865, became a National Bank. 4. The Mechanics' Bank, incorporated 23d of March, 1810, with a capital of $1,500,000. In 1811, increased the capital to $2,000,000. To endure until the 2d Tuesday in April, 1832. Renewed in 1831 till 1855. Reorganized in 1857, and 1865 became a National Bank. 5. The Union Bank, incorporated March, 1811, to endure until 1831. Renewed in 1831 till 1853. Capital, $1,000,000. In 1833 capital increased to $1,500,- 000. In July, 1865, became a National Bank. 6. Bank of America, chartered in 1812 for twenty years ; renewed till 1853. Capital, $2,001,200. In 1865 became a National Bank. 7. The Phenix Bank, chartered June 15th, 1812, for twenty years. Continued to 1854. Capital $1,500,000. In 1865 became a National Bank. -8. The City Bank, incorporated in 1812 for twenty years. Extended in 1831 for twenty years. Capital, $720,000 ; reorganized in 1851, with a capital of $1,000,000 ; in 1865 became a National Bank. The above eigJit Banks, with an aggregate capital of $10,661,200, were in ope- ration in the City of New York prior to and during the War of 1812, no new banks being chartered for several years thereafter. 197 198 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. BANK STATEMENT— Continued. According to " Williams' Begister," issued in 1840, there were 18 Banks', subject to the Safety Fund Act, and six Banks not subject, located in the City of New York, at the above date, viz. : Abstract of the Bank Commissioner's Report, January 24, 1840. SAFETY FUND BANKS. Incor- pora- ted. 1791 1805 1810 1811 1812 1812 1812 1823 1829 1829 1830 1830 1830 1832 1833 1834 1834 1836 Names of Banks. Capital. Circula- tion. Ind. Deposits. Loans. &c. Specie. Bank of New York Merchant's Bank Mechanics' Bank Union Bank Bank of America Phenix Bank City Bank Tradesmen's Bank Merchant's Exchange Bank National Bank* Mechanics & Traders' Butchers & Drovers' Bank Greenwich Bank Leather Manufacturers' Bank . . Seventh Ward Bank Commercial Bankt Lafayette Bankt Bank of the State of New York Totals $1,000,000 1,490,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 2,001.200 1,.500.000 720^000 400,000 750,000 750,000 200,000 500,000 200,000 600.000 500,000 500,000 500.000 2,000,000 $521,665 299,310 304,032 269,997 359,197 98,402 144,986 106,835 117,573 179,193 78,875 143,829 57,761 122,005 116,106 156,929 90,601 247.365 $901,284 1,098,590 724,944 573,057 2,558,281 613,642 460,819 281,664 302,864 388,529 115,458 256,738 62,024 429,213 120,503 122,712 83,506 926,519 $1,873,649 2.053,578 2,364,164 1,735,165 2,552,170 967,832 1,038,780 681,716 1,026,685 1,078,971 264,517 715,168 263,337 923,323 660,252 2,278,720 $256,185 431,731 352,615 201,126 886,033 184,187 124,681 62,914 147,859 140,443 42,320 117,509 33,022: 177,643. 37,461 50,561 $16,611,200 $3,414,658 $10,020,347 $26,900,173 $3,648,929- BANKS NOT SUBJECT TO THE SAFETY FUND. Incor- pora- ted. Names of Banks. Capital. Circula- tion. Ind. Deposits. Loans, &c. Specie.. 1799 $2,050,000 500,000 500,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 $574,791 147,564 $908,248 395,952 $2,318,848 79i',571 1821 1823 1824 North River Bank Delaware & Hudson Canal Co. . . Fulton Bank .... 1824 1825 Chemical Manufacturing Co New York Dry Dock Co 81,640' $3,650,000 .... * Now Gallatin National Bank. t Failed. X Incorporated in the year 1799, for the purpose of supplying the City of New York with pure and wholesome water, and with the privilege of using their surplus funds in the pur- chase of public or other stock, or in any moneyed transactions or operations. Clarter un- limited. NEW YORK CITY BANKS. 199 BANKING ASSOCIATIONS— 1840. In addition to the Incorporated Banks in operation in 1840, there were the following Banking Associations, formed under the General Banking Law : Agency of the Bank of the United States (Philadelphia), 34 Wall Street ; George Griswold and Richard Alsop, Associates. North American Trust and Banking Company; Capital, $2,000,000; Jo- seph D. Beers, President. Mechanics' Banking Association; Capital, $632,000; E. D. Comstock. President. American Exchange Bank ; Capital, $1,000,000; David Leavitt, Presi- dent. Bank op Commerce; Capital, $5,000,000; John A. Stevens, President. New York Banking Company; Capital, $1,000,000; John Delafield, Presi- dent. The aggregate capital of the five Associate Banks, independent of the United (States Agency, was $9,000,000. TOTAL NUMBER OF BANKS AND BANK CAPITAL, IN 1840, IN NEW YORK CITY. 18 Safety Fund Banks. $16,611,200 6 Banks not subject to the Safety Fund 3,650,000 6 Associated Banks . 9,000,000 30 Grand total $29,261,200 NEW YORK CITY BANKS. RULES AND REGULATIONS. There are now (1876), seventy-five Banks in operation in the City of New York, of which forty-eight are National Banks, and twenty-seven State Banks, having an aggregate capital of $84,115,200. The Banks are open daily, from 10 A. M. to 3 P. M., except Sundays, Christ- mas Day, New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, the Fourth of July, Deco- ration Day, Thanksgiving Day, and the day for holding State elections. The interest for discount in the Banks of this City and State is fixed at 7 per cent, per annum. Three days of grace are allowed, and the discount taken for the same. Deposits of money or notes for collection must be entered in the dealer's bank- book at the time such deposit is made. 200 NEW YORK AS IT IS, BANK CLEARING-HOUSE. The New York Cleaking-House Association commenced its operations on the 11th day of October, 1853, and consists at the present time (1875) of fifty-nine banks, located in the City of New York. The transactions of the fiscal year, ending October 1st, 1875, were $24,273,848,191, and the average daily transactions for the same period were $79,326,301. WILLIAM A. CAMP, 48 Wall Street, Manager. BANKS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. NATIONAL AND STATE BANKS. American Exchange,* 128 Broadway. Capital, $5,000,000. Organized, 1838. Reorganized 1805 as a National Bank. George S. Coe, Pres. ; Edmond Willson, Cashier ; Dumont Clarke, Ass't Cashier. Bank op America, f 46 Wall street. Chartered 1812. Reorganized, 1853. Capital, $3,000,000. Wm. L. Jen- kins, Pres. ; Robert Jaffrey, Cashier. Bank op Commerce,* Nassau cor. of Cedar. Capital, $10,000,000. Organ- ized, 1839. Robert Lenox Kennedy, President ; George T. Adel, Vice- Pres. ; Henry F. Vail, Cashier ; Richard King, Ass't Cashier. Bank op New York,* 48 Wall street. Organized, June 9th, 1784. Incorpo- rated 1791. Renewed 1831. Reorgan- ized in 1853. Capital, $3,000,000.. Charles M. Fry, Pres. ; Henry Ooth- out, Vice-President ; Richard B. Fer- ris, Cashier. Bank op North America,! 44 Wall street. Incorporated in 1851. Reor- ganized, 1869. Capital, $1,000,000. Wiliam Dowd, Pres. ; J. A. Beards- ley, Cashier. Bank op the Metropolis, f 31 Union Square. Organized, 1871. Capital, 500,000. Robert Schell, Pres. ; Geo. M. Groves, Vice-Pres. ; Tlieo. Rogers, Cashier. Bank op the Republic,* Wall cor. Broadway. Organized, 1851. Capi- tal, $2,000,000. R. H. Lowry, Pres. ; H. W. Ford, Cashier. Bank op the State op New York,* 33 William street. Incorporated, 1836. Reorganized, 1865. Capital, $2,000,- 000. G. W. Duer, Pres.; Richard Patrick, Vice-Pres. ; Charles B. Van Wyck, Cashier. Bowery,* 62 Bowery. Organized, 1865. Capital, $250,000. Henry P. Degraaf, Pres. ; R. Hamilton, Cash- ier. Broadway,* 237 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1849. Capital, $1,000,000. P. A. Palmer, Pres. ; Charles Burkhal- ter, Vice-Pres.; John L. Everitt, Cashier. Bull's Head,! 340 Third avenue. Or- ganized, 1854. Capital, $300,000. James E. Kelley, Pres. ; A. S. Cam- eron, Vice-Pres., George F. Vail, Cashier. Butchers and Drover's,* 124 Bow- ery. Incorporated in 1830. Reorgan- ized in 1853. Capital, $500,000. Robert P. Perrin, Pres. ; G. G. Brink- erhoff. Cashier. Central,* 320 Broadway. Organized, 1864. Capital, $2,000,000. W. A. Wheelock, Pres. ; Wm. M. BHss, Vice-Pres. ; Edward SkilHn, Cashier. Chatham,* 196 Broaaway. Organ- ized, . Capital, $450,000. Jos. M. Cooper, Pres. ; H. W. Belcher, Vice-Pres. ; George M. Hard, Cashier. Chemical,* 270 Broadway. Incorpora- ted in 1824. Reorganized, 1844. Capital, $300,000. John Q. Jones, Pres. ; George G. Williams, Cashier. National Banks.- t State Banks. NEW YORK CITY BANKS. Citizens',* 401 Broadway. Organized 1851. Capital, $600,000. Sylvester R. Comstock, Pres. ; W. H. Oakley, Cashier. CiTY,^ 52 Wall street. Incorporated in 1812. Reorganized, 1851. Capital, $1,000,000. Moses Taylor; Pres.; B. Cartwright, Cashier. Continental,* 7 Nassau street. Or- ganized, 1853. Reorganized in 1865. Capital, $1,500,000. Charles Bard, Pres. • John T. Agnew, Vice-Pres. ; W. J. Harris, Cashier. Corn Exchange,! 13 William street. Organized, 1852. Capital, $1,000,- 000. Wm. A. Falls, Pres. ; Wm. A. Nash, Cashier. Dry Goods, f 345 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1871. Capital, $1,000,000. Wm P. Brintnall, Pres. ; Arthur W. Sher- man, Cashier. East River,* 682 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1852, reorganized, 1865 ; capital, $350,000; Charles Jenkins, Presi- dent; Z. E. Newell, Cashier. Eleventh Ward,! Avenue D, corner East Tenth street. Organized, 1867 ; capital, $200,000 ; John Englis, Pres- ident ; C. E. Brown, Cashier. Fifth Avenue, Fifth avenue, corner Forty-fourth street. Organized, 1875 ; capital, $100,000; Philip Van Vol- kenburgh, President ; John H. Sher- wood, Vice-President ; A. S. Fris- sell. Cashier. First National,* 94 Broadway. Or- ganized, 1863; capital, $500,000; S. C. Thompson, President; George F. Baker, Cashier. Fifth National,* Third avenue, near Twenty-seventh street. Organized, ; capital, $150,000 ; Richard ' Kelley, President ; A. Thompson, Cashier. Fourth National,* Nassau, corner Pine street. Organized, 1864 ; capital, $5,000,000; P. C. Calhoun, Presi- 201 dent ; John M. Firman, Vice-Presi- dent ; Anthony Lane, Cashier. Fulton,* Fulton, corner Pearl. Incor- porated, 1824, reorganized, 1865 ; cap- ital, $500,000 ; Thos. Monahan, Pres- ident ; R. M. Buchanan, Cashier. ^^oan '^''^'* ^^ ^a" street. Organized, 1829; capital, $1,500,000 ; F. D. Tap- pen President; A. A. Stevens, Cashier. German American (The),! 120 Broad- aal'nnP''^^'''''^^' ^^^^ ' capital, $1,- 000,000 ; Henry Rocholl, President ; M. Hartley, Vice-President; F. M. Reading, Cashier. German Exchange, f 245 Bowery Or- ganized, 1872 ; capital. $200,000 ; M. J. Adrian, President ; Adam Fahs, Cashier. Germania,! 185 Bowerv. Organized, 1869 ; capital, $200,000 ; C. Schwar- zaelder, President ; G. Schreitmiller, Cashier. Grand Central,! 760 Third avenue. Organized, ; capital, $100,000; Chas. E. Lowe, President; Isaac Anderson, Cashier. Greenwich,! 402 Hudson street. In- corporated in 1830 ; reorganized 1855; capital, $200,000; John S. Mc- Lean, President ; Wm. Hawes, Cash- ier, Grocers'*, 59 Barclay street. Organ- ized, 1869; capital, $300,000; Samuel B. White, President ; B. E. Watson, Cashier. Hanover*, 33 Nassau street. Organ- ized, 1851; capita], $1,000,000; James Stuart, President ; George W. Per- kins, Cashier. Harlem,! 2,279 Third avenue. Organ- ized, 1868; capital, $100,000; Addi- son Smith, President ; Wm. T, Ryer- son, Cashier, Importers and Traders'* 247 Broad- way, Organized 1855 ; capital, $1,- 500,000; James Buell, President; National Banks. t State Banks. 202 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Russell Sage, Vice-President ; E. H. Perkins, Jr. , Cashier. Island City (State), 23 Abingdon sq. Organized, 1870 ; capital, $200,000; T. J. Coleman, President; J. O. Noxon, Cashier. Irving*, Greenwich, corner Warren street. Organized, 1851 ; capital, $500- 000 ; Isaac Odell, President ; John L. Jewett, Cashier. Leather Manufacturers'*, 29 Wall street. Incorporated in 1832 ; reor- ganized in 1862 ; capital, $600,000 ; N F Palmer, President ; David L. Holden, Cashier. LoANERs'f, 22 Nassau street (for loan- ing upon collaterals in hand). Organ- ized, 1870 ; capital, $500,000 ; Dorr Russell, President ; A. D. Russell, Cashier. Manhattan, 40 Wall street. Chartered 1799 ; unlimited ; capital, $2,050,000; J. J. Morrison, President ; J. S. Har- berger, Cashier. Manufacturers andMerchants'I ,561 Broadway. Organized, 1859 ; capital, $500,000 ; A. Masterton, President, T. D. Warren, Cashier. Marine*, 78 Wall street. Organized 1853 ; capital, $400,000 ; J. D. Fish, President ; Jos. W. Elwell, Vice- President ; Jas. Delamater, Cashier. Market*, Pearl, corner Beekman. In- corporated 1852 ; reorganized, 1865 ; capital, $1,000,000 ; R. Bayles, Pres- ident ; A. Gilbert, Cashier. Mechanics'*, 33 Wall street. Incorpor- ated in 1810 ; reorganized, 1857 ; cap- ital, $2,000,000 ; Benj. B. Sherman, President; W. H. Cox, Cashier. Mechanics' Banking Association*, 38 Wall street. Organized, 1838; capital, $500,000 ; Franklin Chandler, Presi- dent ; J. H. B. Edgar, Cashier. Mechanics and Traders'*, 153 Bow- ery. Organized, 1831 ; reorganized 1857 ; capital, $600,000; E.D.Brown, President ; George W.Youle, Cashier. Mercantile*, 191 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1850 ; capital, $1,000,090 ; Nor- man White, President ; N. Amer- man. Cashier. Merchants*, 43 Wall street. Incor- porated in 1805 ; reorganized, 1865 ; capital, $3,000,000 ; Jacob D. Ver- milye. President ; William Barton, Vice - President ; Cor. V. Banta, Cashier. Merchants' Exchange* 257 Broad- way. Organized, 1829 ; capital, $1,000,000 , Wm. A. Thomson, Pres- ident; JohnG. Davis, Vice-President;. Allen S. Apgar, Cashier. Metropolitan*, 108 Broadway. Or- ganized, 1852 ; capital, $4,000,000 ; John E. Williams, President; George J. Seney, Cashier. Murray HiLLf , 558 Third avenue. Or- ganized, 1870. Capital, $200,000. Wm. A. Darling, President ; James Striker, Cashier. NASSAuf , Nassau, corner Beekman. Or- ganized, 1852. Capital, $1,000,000. F. M. Harris, President ; Augustine Smith, Vice-President; Wm. H. Rogers, Cashier. National Currency*, 92 Broadway. Organized, 1864. Capital, $100,000. F. F. Thompson, President; J. H. L. Morford, Cashier. New York County*, 81 Eighth ave- nue. Organized, . Capital, $200,000. Francis Leland, Presi- dent; Geo. H. Wyckoff, Cashier. New York Gold ExcHANGEf, 52 Broadway. Organized, 1866. Capi- tal, $500,000. R. L. Edwards, Presi- dent; Wm. S. Mathews, Cashier, New York National Exchange*, 136 Chambers street. Organized, 1851. Capital, $500,000. D. B. Halstead, President; C. B. Outcalt, Cashier. Ninth National*, 407 Broadway. Or- ganized, 1864. Capital, $1,500,000. JohnT. Hill, President; H. H. Naz- ro. Cashier. * National Banks. t State Banks. NEW YORK CITY BANKS. 205 North EiVERf, 187 Greenwich street. Incorporated in 1821; reorganized, 1842. Capital, $400,000. L. Apgar, President; A. B. Hayes, Cashier. ORiENTALf, 122 Bowery. Organized, 1853. Capital, $300,000. Washing- ton A. Hall, President; H. T. Chap- man, jr.. Cashier. PACiFicf, 470 Broadway. Chartered Oct., 1850. Eeorganized, 1869. Capital, $422,700. Jacob Campbell, President ; Robert Buck, Cashier. Park*, 214 Broadway. Organized, 1856; capital, $2,000,000. Wm. K. Kitchen, President ; J. S, Worth, Cashier. PEOPLE'sf , 393 Canal street ; Organized, 1851 ; capital, $412,500 ; C. F. Hun- ter, President ; G. I. N. Zabriskie, Cashier. Phenix*, 45 Wall street. Incorporated, 1812 ; reorganized, 1854 ; capital, $1,800,000 ; P. M. Bryson, President; Eugene Dutlif, Vice-President ; J. Parker, Cashier. PRODUCEf , 5 College place. Organized, 1870 ; capital, $250,000 ; T. L. Raymond, President ; Samuel Con- over, Cashier. St. Nicholas*, 7 Wall st. Organized, 1852 ; capital, $1,000,000 ; J. Lee Smith, President ; Arch. Parkhurst, Cashier. Second National*, Fifth avenue, cor. 23d street ; Organized, 1863 ; capital, $300,000 ; Amos H. Trowbridge, President : O. D. Roberts, Cashier. Seventh Ward* 234 Pearl street. Incorporated, 1833 ; reorganized, 1865 ; capital, $300,000 ; G. Mon- tague, President; J. D. W. Grady,, Cashier. Shoe and Leather*, 271 Broadway. Organized, 1852; capital, $1,000,000 ; A. V. Stout, President; J. M. Crane, cashier. Sixth National, West 35th st. , corner Broadway ; Organized, ; capital, $200,000; Cassius Darling, President ;, A. E. Colson, Cashier. Tenth National*, 15 Nassau street. Organized, 1864; capital, $1,000,000 ; Walter B. Palmer, President ; George Ackerman, Cashier. Third National*, 29 Pine street. Organized, 1863; capital, $1,000,000 ;. J. F. D. Lanier, President ; C. N. Jordan, Cashier, Tradesmen's*, 291 Broadway. Incor- porated ,1823 ; reorganized in 1855 ;. capital, $1,000,000 ; Richard Berry, President ; A. Halsey, Cashier. Union* 34 Wall street. Incorporated, 1811 ; reorganized in 1853 ; capital, $1,500,000 ; De Witt C. Hays, Pres^ ident ; Wm. B. Isham, Vice-Presi- dent ; James M. Lewis, Cashier. West SiDEf, 464 8th avenue. Organ- ized 1869 ; capital, $200,000 ; George Moore, President ; John W. B. Dob- ler, Cashier. FOREIGN BANKS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Bank of British North America (Montreal), 52 Wall street. Canadian Bank of Commerce (Tor- onto), 50 Wall street. Capital and surplus, $7,900,000, gold ; Agents, James G. Harper and J. H. Goadby. Bank of Montreal, 59 & 61 Wall street ; R. Bell and C. F. Smithers, Agents. Merchants' Bank of Canada, 62 Wall street; capital, $9,000,000 gold ; paid up, $8,102, 046, gold; bills of Exchange bought and sold, commercial credits- granted, drafts on Canada issued, bills collected, and other banking business transacted. Walter Watson and Wm. J. Ingram, Agents; Londoa agency, 32 Lombard street. * National Banks. t State Banks, 204 NEW YORK AS IT IS. RISE AND GROWTH OF SAVINGS BANKS DURING THE PAST FIFTY-SIX YEARS. In 1840 there were only four Savings Banks in operation in tlie City of New York, as follows : (Copied from Williams' Annual Register for 1840.) 1. Bank for Savings in the City op New York. Incorporated March 26, 1819. John Pintard, Preddent. Assets, January, 1830, $2,098,394 ; assets. 1840, $3,228,303. The bank had been in operation, at the latter period, twenty and a half years, during which time it had opened 66,169 accounts, and received altogether from depositors,. $15,928,622 To which add interest up to 1st January, 1840 - 1,693, 164 $17,621,786 Closed, during the same period, 39,712 accounts, and paid out 14,496,240 Leaving 26,457 accounts entitled to this balance $3,125,546 In 1858 the assets were $8,990,840 In 1875 the assets had increased to - 22,533,823 2. Seamen's Bank for Savings. Incorporated in 1829. Benjamin Strong, President. Assets in 1840 .-. $142,791 Assets in 1858 7,229,455 Assets in July, 1875 15,145,313 3. Greenwich Savings Bank. Incorporated April 12, 1833. George Suckley, President. Assets in 1840 $176,388 Assets in 1858 3,466,340 Assets in 1875 12,210,915 4. Bowery Savings Bank. Incorporated May 1, 1834. James Mills, Pi^esi- dent. Assets in 1840 $505,391 Assets in 1858 7,206,563 Assets in 1875 29,327,109 Notice. — Bowery Savings Bank. New York, Dee. 14, 1875. A semi-annual dividend at the rate of six per cent, per annum on all sums of $5 and upward, and not exceeding $2,000, and of live per cent, per annum on all sums over $2,000, which shall have been deposited at least three months on the 1st day of January next, will be allowed to the depositors, and will be pay- able on or after Monday, Jan. 17, 1876, in accordance with the provisions of the by-laws. By order of the trustees. On and after Jan. 1, 1876, the interest al- SAVINGS BANKS. 205 lowed upon deposits exceeding $1,000 shall be one per cent, per annum less JiPtolof 'ii^k'^^'^-S^ deposits than upon deposits of $1,000 and less, and no interest will be paid upon any excess of $3,000 of deposits. r rr n i. u a , Samuel T. Brown, President ^- -ti. Coggeshall, Secretary. INCREASE AND DECREASE OF SAVINGS BANKS AND DEPOSITS. According to the Annual Report of the State Superintendent of Savings Banks, dated March, 1875, there were 158 Savings Institutions in the State of New York, showing total assets amounting to $328,574,572, July 1, 1873 (before the panic), the deposits amounted to $293,178,030 On Jan 1, 1874, the deposits had fallen to 285'520'085 Withdrawn in six months 7,' 657' 945 On .July 1, 1874, the deposits increased to 292^728 456 Showing a return of confidence on the part of depositors.* BANKS FOR SAVINGS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Abingdon Square, 23 Abingdon sq. Incorporated 1869. Assets, Jan. 1, 1875, $179,753. C. A. Schumaker, Pres. ; George W. Brown, Sec. Bank for Savings, 67 Bleecker street. Incorporated in 1819. Assets, $22,- 533,823. Robert Lenox Kennedy, Pres. ; David Olyphant, Treas. ; Benj. D. K. Craig, Comptroller; Otis D. Swan, Sec. Bond Street, Bowery, cor. Bond st. Incorporated 1860. Assets, $2,014,- 031.98. Harrison Hall, Pres.; Jos. P. Cooper, Sec. Bowery, i30 Bowery. Incorporated 1834. Assets, $29,327,109. Samuel T Brown, Pres. ; John Gray, 1st Vice- Pres. ; John P. Townsend, 2d Vice- Pres. ; Giles H. Coggeshall, Sec. Broadway, 4 Park place. Incorpor- ated 1851. Assets, $2,282,197. F. P. Schoals, Pres. ; Peter Cumming, Actuary. Citizens', 58 Bowery. Incorporated 1860. Assets, $8,350,417. Edward A. Quintard, Pres. ; Seymour A. Bunce, Sec. Clairmont, 247 Greenwich street. In- corporated 1870. Assets, $83,427. Sherman Broadwell, Pres. ; David E. Swan, Sec. Clinton, 244, Eighth av. Incorporated 1868. Assets, $178,791. William W. Owens,Vice-Pres.; Orlando P. Smith, Sec. Dry Dock, 341 and 343 Bowery. In- corporated 1848. Assets, $10,046,076. Andrew Mills, Pres. ; Wm. V. Web- ster, Sec. East River, 3 Chambers street. Incor- porated 1848. Assets, $7,982,769. Wm. H. Slocum, Pres. ; Charles A. Whitney, Sec. East Side, for Sailors, 187 Cherry street. Incorporated 1871. Assets, $16,525. Charles C. Duncan, Pres. ; George F. Duncan, Cashier. Eleventh Ward cor. Avenue C. and 7th St. Incorporated 1869. Assets, $729,159. Jas. L. Stewart, Pres.; John H. Timmerman, Sec. Emigrant Industrial, 51 Chambers St. Incorporated 1850. Assets, $14,- 036,258, Henry L. Hoguet, Pres.; David Ledwith, Comptroller. * The failure of /^^;(2 Savings Banks in the City of New York, during the past few months' having on hand deposits to the amount of $3,768,313, again causes distrust among depositors'^ which, if it assumes another panic, must cause other banks to suspend, :206 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Equitable, 170 Sixth avenue. Incor- porated 1869; Assets, $55,163. John E. DeWitt, Pres. ; George C. Waldo, Sec. Excelsior, 374, Sixth avenue. Incor- porated 1869. Assets, $529,924. B. F. Beekman, Pres. ; W. B. Jandon, Sec. Eranklin, 658 Eighth av. Incorpor- ated 1860. Assets, $1,645,609. J. F. Chamberlain, Pres. ; James E. Smith, Sec. German, 100 East 14th street. Incor- porated 1859. Assets, $12,680,477. Philip Bissinger, Pres. ; Theo. E. Buck, Sec. German, IVIorrisania, cor. Third av. and 158th street. Incorporated 1868. Jacob Held, Pres. ; Wm. Hoeland, Sec. ■Greenwich, 73 Sixth avenue. Incor- porated 1833. Assets, $12,210,915. W. R. Vermilye, President ; Clinton Gilbert, Treasurer ; J. H. Rhoades, Secretary. Harlem, 2281 Third avenue. Incor- porated. 1863. Assets. $1,026,425. Thos. B. Tappen, President ; John S. Kenyon, Secretary. Institution for the Savings of Merchants' Clerks, 20 Union Place. Incorporated, 1848. Assets, $3,904,133. A. Gracie King, Presi- dent ; Joseph W. Patterson, Treas- urer ; Andrew Warner, Cashier and Secretary. Irving, 96 Warren street. Incor- porated 1851. Assets, $3,477,217. W. W. Conklin, President ; C. D. Heaton, Asst. Secretary. Manhattan, 644 Broadway. Incor- porated 1850. Assets, $9,091,916. E. J. Brown, President ; Edward Schell, Treasurer ; C. L. Alvord, Secretary. Mechanics and Traders', 283 Bow- ery. Incorporated 1852. Assets, $2,644,381. Alfred T. Conklin, Pres- ident ; H. C. Fisher, Secretary. Metropolitan, 1 Third avenue. In- corporated 1852. Assets, $6,962,635. Isaac T. Smith, President ; T. W. Lillie, Secretary. MoRRiSANiA, Third avenue, cor. 150th Incorporated 1868. Assets, $206,602. William Cauldwell, President ; E. B. Fellows, Secretary. New Amsterdam, 215 Bowery. In- corporated 1869. Assets, $781,^20. Theo. Frohwein, President ; John Guth, Treasurer. New York, West 14th sfreet, cor. Eighth avenue. Incorporated 1854. Assets, $3,255,855. Richard II. Bull, President ; C. W. Brinckerhoff, Sec- retary. North River, Eighth avenue, cor. West 34th street. Incorporated 1866. Assets, $883,868. John Hooper, Pres- ident ; James O. Bennett, Secretary. Oriental, 430 Grand street. Incor- porated 1869. Assets, $369,251. Wil- liam P. Buckmaster, President ; E. R. Kennedy, Secretary. Seaman's, 74 and 76 Wall street. Incorporated 1829. Assets, July, 1875, $15,145,312. Wm. Henry Macy, President ; H. P. Marshall, Cashier ; S. F. Jenkins, Treasurer. Security,! Third Avenue, cor. 34th street. Incorporated 1868. Assets, $660,630. D. D. T. Marshall, Presi- dent ; William M. Banks, Secretary. Sixpenny, Broadway and Astor Place, Incorporated 1853. Assets, $2,676, 485. William Miles, President ; A. C. Collins, Secretary ; Ed. G. Maturin, Asst. Secretary. Teutonic, No. 25 Avenue A. Incor- porated 1868. Assets, $2,053,219. J. Scheuermann, President ; Michael Hahn, Secretary. Trades, 275 West 23d street. Incor- porated 1870. Assets, $106,584. Al- exander M. Lesley, President ; J. M. Freese, Secretary. LOAN, TKUST AND SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANIES. 207 Union Dime, 396 Canal street. Incor- porated 1859. Assets, $11,085,997. IST. J. Haines, President ; T, S. Arm- our, Secretary. West Side, 154 Sixth avenue. Incor- porated 1868. Assets, $344,600. Fred- erick A. Conkling, President ; John H. Hudson, Secretary. Yorkville, Third avenue, cor. E. 86th street. Incorporated 1869. Assets, $42,753. L. R. Kerr, President; John Gillelan. Secretarv. Note.— The Total Resources, or Assets, of the Forty-two Savings Banks in the City of New Tork, January 1, 1875, was $195,335,164. Since the above date Jive Savings Banks have failed. LOAN AND TRUST COMPANIES. Bankers and Brokers', 16 Broad street— (Clearing House for Stocks). Capital, $500,000. John Bonner, President. Equitable Trust, 52 William street. Organized . Capital, $1,000,000. Jonathan Edwards, President. Farmers' Loan and Trust, 26 Ex- - change place. Chartered 1822. Cap- ital, $1,000,000. R. G. Rolston, President; G. F. Talman, Vice-Pres- ident ; George P. Fitch, Secretary. National Trust, 261 Broadway. Chartered 1867. Capital, $1,000,000. D. R. Mangam, President; T. W. Shannon, 1st Vice-President; Benja- min F. Bancroft, 2d Vice-President ; John C. Cruikshank, Secretary. New York Life Insurance and Trust, 52 Wall street. Chartered 1830. Capital, $1,000,000. Henry Parish, President ; Jos. R. Kearney, Secretary. Central, 14 Nassau street. Organ- ized September, 1875. Capital, $1,- 000,000. Henry F. Spaulding, Pres- ident; Benj. B. Sherman and Fred. H. Cossett, Vice-Presidents; C. H. Babcock, Secretary. Real Estate Trust, 17 Nassau street. Chartered 1871. Capital $1,000,000. V. K. Stevenson, President ; Wm. L. Ely, Secretary. Union, 73 Broadway. Chartered 1864. Capital, 1,000,000. Edward King, President ; J. H. Ogilvie, Secretary. United States, 49 Wall. Chartered 1853. Capital, $2,000,000. John A. Stewart, President ; William Dar- row. Secretary. SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANIES. Safe Deposit Company of New York, 140, 142 and 146 Broadway. Chartered 1861. Francis H. Jenks, President ; A. D. Hope. Vice-Presi- dent, Frederick Foster, Secretary. The Central Safe Deposit Co. of the City of New York, for the Safe Keeping of Valuables and the Renting of Safes in Burglar-Proof Vaults, 71 and 73 West Twenty-third street. (Masonic Temple Building.) Ellwood E. Thorne, President ; Darius R. Mangam, Vice-President ; John P. Roberts, Secretary and Treasurer ; Wilham A. Frazer, Superintendent. Safe Deposit Vault of the Na tional Park Bank, 214 and 216 Broadway. Stuyvesant Safe Deposit Company, Third avenue, cor. Seventh street. The Safe DEPosrT Vaults of the Mercantile Trust Company, in the Fire-Proof Equitable Building, 122 and 124 Broadway, cor. Cedar street, afford total avoidance of risk to person or property. Wm. H. Miller, President; George W. Phillips, Secre- tary. 208 NEW YORK AS IT IS. MONEY VALUES. In the following Table only the more important monetary standards are given, the minor sub-divisions being omitted. For each unit four values are given. First, its value in American currency (United States), vv^hich, expressed in dollars, represents also its value in dollars of Canada and Liberia, and the pesos of South America. Second, its value in French francs, to which are equivalent to the francs of Belgium and Switzerland, pesetos of Spain, lire of Italy, and drachmes of Greece. Third, its value in German marks. Fourth, its value in English sterling : Monet. Locality. DOLLAKS. Francs. Marks. 1.0000 5.1813 4.1450 1.0400 5.3885 4.3108 1.0000 5.1813 4.1450 1.0000 5.1813 4.1450 0.1930 1.0000 0.8000 0.5049 2.6160 2.0928 0.8000 0.1930 1.0000 0.1930 1.0000 0.8000 0.1930 1.0000 0.8000 0.1046 0.5419 0.4335 0.4084 2.1161 1.6929 0.4803 2.4886 1.9909 0.4117 2.1332 1.7066 C.6462 34.4363 27.6917 0.2680 1.3886 1.1109 0.1930 1.0000 0.8000 0.1930 1.0000 0.8000 0.2401 1.2500 1.0000 0.3642 1.8922 1.5138 0.5456 2.8269 2.2615 1.0847 5.6202 4.4962 7.1050 36.8135 29,4508 0.9498 4.9212 3.9370 0.1930 1.0000 0.8000 1.0000 5.1813 4.1450 0.9650 5.0000 4.0000 0.9650 5.0000 4.0000 0.9650 5.0000 4.0000 Sterling. £ s. d. Dollar see Peso... Drachme Escudo Florin, see Guilder Franc Gersh Guilder, or Florin Gulden, " Gulden, Krone, Vereins. . " or Crown. Lei, or Piastre Lira Mark Mark-Banco Milreis Canada Hong-Kong Liberia Mexico & S. Amer. United States* Greece Spain Netherlands Belgium France Switzerland Tripoli Netherlands Austria Germany 4 li 4 ^ 4 U 9i 2 1 1 8i 1 llf 1 8^ Mohur (15 Rupees) Patacon Peseta Peso, or Dollar. _ Norway & Sweden. Roumania Italy Germany Hamburg Brazil Portugal India... Uruguay Spain Argentine Confed. . Central America. . . Chili Colombia 1 7 1 4i 9i 1 6 2 2f 4 5i 1 9 2i 3 11 4 n 3 llf 3 11# * American Monet Values.— We have now in the United States/owr different legal dollars : One a tender absolutely, two partially, and one no legal tender at all. They are the gold dollar of 25 8-10 grains, the silver dollar of 384 grains, coined in halves ; the tirade dollar of 420 grains (silver), and the greenback, which has no fixed value— ranging during the past year from 85 to 90 cents in gold. MONEY VALUES. 209 Monet. LOALITY. Dollars. Fbancs. Marks. 1 Sterling. £ s. d. Peso, or Dollar _ . Ecuador 0.9650 1.0567 1.0000 0.7836 0.0495 0.8337 0.0482 0.1286 4.8666 0.5463 1.0212 1.0929 1.1023 1.7779 0.4622 0.2433 0.9650 1.0926 1.9102 1.6100 1.0039 0.7204 0.7912 0.7204 2.7155 2.2437 1.0400 5.0000 5.4751 5.1813 4.0601 0.2565 4.3197 0.2238 0.6663 25.2158 2.8306 5.2912 5.6627 5.7114 4.0306 2.3948 1.2606 5.0000 5.6611 9.8974 8.3419 5.2015 3.7500 4.0995 3.7500 14.0700 11.6254 5.3885 4.0000 4.3801 4.1450 3.2481 0.2052 3.4558 0.1790 0.5330 20.1726 2.2645 4.2329 5.6626 3 115- Mexico . - _ 4 44 tt il Paraguay 4 1 1 Piastre Venezuela Egypt . 3 24 3 5 << Mocha <( Turkey 11 Tunis - - Pound Sterling-. Rigsdaler Rijksdaaler Riksdaler Great Britain Denmark Netherlands Norway 20 O" 2 3 4 ^ 4 6 " Silver Sweden 4 6^ Ruble, or Rouble - Russia. 3.2645 1.9160 1.0085 4.0000 4.5289 7.9179 6.6735 4.1612 3.0000 4.0796 3.0000 11.2560 9.3068 4.3108 3 2^ Rupee India 1 lOf 1 Shilling Great Britain Peru Sol 3 lit Specie Daler Star Pagoda Tael Denmark 4 6 Madras . 7 104 China 6 8 Tallari, or Dollar Effvpt 4 li 2 li 3 3 Thaler, Vereins.. Austria ** Old Rix Bremen " Vereins. _ Germany . . 2 Hi 11 li Tilla Turkestan Persia Tomaun 9 m Yen .Tnnan 4 3i UNITED STATES MONEY STANDARD. 10 Mills make 1 Cent. I 10 Dimes make 1 Dollar. 10 Cents " 1 Dime. | 10 Dollars " 1 Eagle. In the West and South 12^ cents make a bit. In New York this sum is called a shilling. The shilling of the New England States is 16f cents. These values, however, are not legal. Single Gold Coins. Name of Coins. Standard. Least Current Weight. Value. Double Eagle 516.0 grains. 513.42 grains. S20. Eaele 258.0 " 256.71 " 10. Half Eagle 129.0 " 128.36 " 5. Quarter Eagle 64.5 •' 64.18 " 2.50 Three Dollars 77.4 " 77.02 " 3. Dollar 25.8 " 25.05 " 1. 210 NEW YORK AS IT IS. LEGAL RATES OF INTEREST. STATES, ETC. RATE. Alabama 8 per cent. Arkansas 6 " " Arizona Ter 10 " Oalifornia 10 " UoloradoTer 10 " '' Connecticut 7 " Dakota Ter 7 " " Delaware 6 " District of Columbia* _ _ . 6 " Florida 8 " " Georgia* 7 " Illinois* 6 " Indiana* 6 " Iowa* 6 " " Kansasf 7 " Kentucky* 6 " " Louisiana^: 5 " " Maine 6 " " Maryland 6 " " Massachusetts 6 " " Michigan* 7 " " Minnesotaf 7 " Mississippi* 6 " " A contract to pay 10 per cent, ia valid. STATES, ETC. RATE. Missouri* __ 6 per cent. Montana Ter 10 " Nebraska 10 " Nevada 10 " New Hampshire ._ ._6 " New Jersey ___ 7 " New York 7 " North Carolina:): 6 " Ohiot -- --- 6 " Oregon 10 " Pennsylvania _ 6 " Rhode Island 6 " South Carolina .- _ 7 " Tennessee* 6 " Texas 8 " Utah Ter.* 7 " Vermont 6 " Virginiaf 6 " West Virginia 6 '* Washington Ter 10 " Wisconsin* 7 '' Wyoming Ter.§ 12 " X A contract to pay 8 per cent, is valid. § Any rate agreed upon is lawful. t " " 12 per cent. Note.— The legal Rate of Interest in the United States may be said to range from 6 to 12 per cent., whUe in England it usually ranges from 3 to 6 per cent. ; average, A]^ per cent. The high rate of interest in the United States, no doubt, in part causes our present financial troubles. Mmey Values and Interest should be the same, or nearly the same, in all commercial nations. BILLS OF EXCHANGE. By the term Exchange is meant the manner in which accounts are adjusted when the debtor or creditor reside in different localities or countries, and where the coin or money is not actually used. The rule by which we find the amount of money to be placed to one's credit in one place in return for a given amount in another is also called Exchange. Bills of Exchange are notes representing a certain sum of money purchased by those who wish to cover an indebtedness from those who are in possession of funds in the place where the former is a debtor. If a merchant wishes to pay for commodities purchased in London or Paris, without actually sending over the coin, he purchases a "Bill of Exchange" at the "rate of the day," the price of bills fluctuating according to the supply and demand, in the same manner as an article of commerce or of merchandise. FIEE INSURANCE COMPANIES. 211 RISE AND GROWTH OF FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANIES. The past one hundred years has given rise to Fire and Marine Insurance Com- panies in the United States. The first on record and which still exists is the Philadelphia Contributionship^, instituted in 1753 ; the Mutual Assurance Com- pany of Philadelphia, instituted in 1784 ; the Mutual Assurance Company of New York, organized in 1787 ; Insurance Company of North America, (Pliila- delphia,) fire and marine, incorporated in 1794 ; New York (Mairine) Insurance Company, incorporated in 1798 ; Washington Insurance Company, (New York,) instituted in 1801 ; Commercial (Marine) Insurance Company, 1805 ; Eagle Fire Company, incorporated in 1806 ; Ocean Marine Insurance Company, incorpo- rated in 1810 ; American (Marine) Insurance Company, incorporated in 1815 ; Union (Marine and Life,) incorporated in 1818 ; Pacific (Marine) Insurance Company, 1818. The above twelve insurance companies were organized in New York and Phila- delphia, prior to 1820 ; after that period the growth of Fire and Marine Com- panies was very rapid. In 1833 there were 26 Fire Insurance Companies and 10 Marine Insurance Companies organized in the City of New York. In 1840 the Fire Insurance Companies had increased to 32, with a gross capital of $11,260,000. and 12 Marine Companies with a capital of $4,100,000. Now, (1875,) the 94 Fire Insurance Companies connected with New York Board of Fire Underwriters have a capital of $85,000,000, and the 10 Marine Insurance Companies a capital of about $25,000,000. NEW YORK BOARD OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS. Chartered May 9, 1867.— Nos. 156 and 158 Broadway, N. Y. OFFICERS : Edgar W. Crowell, President. William W. Henshaw, Secretary. Daniel A. Heald, Vice-President. Marcus F. Hodges, Treasurer. The one hundred and ninety-four Mre Insurance Companies connected with the Board of Underwriters, and doing business in the City of New York, exclusive of the Foreign Companies, according to the last Reports, dated January, 1875, had a total capital of about $85,000,000. FIRE INSURANCE COMPANIES. Adriatic, 187 Broadway. Organized in 1858. Capital, $200,000. Wm. A. Seaver, President; N. G. Rogers, Sec. Aetna, 172 Broadway. Organized in 1871. Capital, $200,000. Fred. A. CoNKLLNG, President; Bradley Mar- tin, Vice-President; O. S. Bogert, Secretary. Aetna, (Hartford), 173 Broadway. Organized, 1819. Capital, $3,000,000. Jas. a. Alexander, Agent. American, 120 Broadway. Organized in 1857. Capital, $400,000. James M. Halsted, Pres,; T. L. Thornell.^cc. American Exchange, 61 Liberty St. Organized, 1859. Capital, $200,000. 212 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Henry Butler, President; "Wm. Ray- NOR, Secretary. Amity, 345 Broadway. Organized in 1873. Capital, $200,000. Edward Merritt, Pi'eakUnt; Nathan Harper, Secretary. Arctic, 104 Broadway. Organized, 1853. Capital, $200,000. Vincent Til YOU, President; Charles Ham- burgh, Secretary. Atlantic, Atlantic Ave., cor. Clinton St., Brooklyn. Organized, 1871. Capital, $200,000. John D. Cocks, President; Wm. D. Cornell, Secretary. New York Office, 178 Broadway. Brewers and Maltsters, 139 B'way. Organized, 1871. Capital, $200,000. Charles W. Standart, President; Wm. B. Ogden, Secretary. Broadway, 158 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1849. Capital, $200,000. H. M. Forrester, President; John Wray, Secretary. Bowery, (New York,) 124 Bowery and 8 Pine St. Incorporated in 1833. George G. Taylor, President ;Y^iiaaam L. Cortelyou, Vice-President; John A. Delaway, Seeretary. Brooklyn, 32 Court St. Organized, 1824. Capital, $153,000. Tunis C. Bergen, PresideTU ; Geo. K. Brand, Secretary. New York Office, 191 Broad- way. Citizens, 156 Broadway, Incorpora- ted in 1836. Capital, $300,000. Jas. M. M'Lean, President; Edward A. Walton Secretary. City, 111 Broadway. Organized in 1833 Capital, $210,000. S. Townsend, President ; D. J. Blauvelt, Secretary. Clinton, 156 Broadway. Organized, 1850. Capital, $250,000. James B. Ames, President; G. T. Patterson, jr., Secretary. Columbia, 161 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1853. Capital, $300,000. Alfred Douglass, President; Jno. B. Arthur, Secretary. Commerce, 104 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1859. Capital, $200,000. Dun- can McDouGAL, President; Wm. E. HoxiE, Secretary. Commercial, 157 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1850. Capital, $200,000. M. V. B. Fowler, President ; David Quack- enbush, Secretary. Continental, 102 Broadway and cor- ner Court and Montague sts., Brooklyn. Organized, 1853. Capital, $1,000,000. George T. Hope, President; Cyrus Peck, Secretary; H. H. Lamport, Vice-President. Eagle, 71 Wall St. Organized, 1806. Assets, $900,105. Sanford Cobb, President; A. J. Clinton, Secretary; T. J. Gaines, Assistant Secretary. Empire City, 102 Broadway. Or- ganized, 1850. Capital, $200,000. Wm. A. BuRTis, President; Lindley Mur- ray, jr., Secretary. Emporium, 237 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1873. Capital, $200,000. George Alger, President ; Henry B. Mead^ Secretary. Equitable, (New York) 58 Wall st. Capital, $210,000. Richard J. Thorne, President ; John Miller, Secretary. Exchange, 172 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1853. Capital, $200,000. Rich- ard C. Combes, President; Geo. W. Montgomery, Secretary. Farragut, 346 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1872. Capital, $200,000. John M. FuRMAN, President; Samuel Dar- bee, Secretary. Firemen's, 153 Broadway. Organ ized, 1825. Capital, $204,000. John B. Halsted, President; Thad. J. Whit- lock, Secretary. Firemen's Fund, 167 Broadway. Organized, 1858. Capital, $150,000. Jas. D. Sparkman, President; W. R. Wadsworth, Secretary. Firemen's Trust. Organized, 1859. Capital, $150,000. D wight Johnson, President; Oliver D. Milderberger, Secretary. New York Office, 204 B'way. FIBE INSURANCE COMPANIES. 213 Gebhard, 141 Broadway. Organized, 1857. Capital, $200,000. W. D. Wad- DiNGTON, President; John R. Smith, Secretary. German American, 179 Broadway. Organized, 1872. Capital, $1,000,000. E. Oelbekmann, President; Jas. A. SiLVEY, Secretary. Germania, 175 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1859. Capital, $500,000. Ru- dolph Garrigue, President; John Ed- ward Kahl, Vice-President; Hugo SiiUMANN, Secretary. Globe, 176 Broadway. Organized, 1863. Capital, $200,000. Leonard KiRBY, President; Alfred A. Reeves, Greenwich, 155 Broadway. Incor- porated, 1834. Capital, $200,000. Sam- uel C. Harriott, President; Mason A. Stone, Secretary. Guaranty, 120 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1875. Capital, $200,000. Wm. H. Bridgman, President; Wm. Mulli- gan, Vice-President; C. D. Harts- horn, Secretary. Guardian, 187 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1865. Capital, $200,000. Wm. C. Thompson, President; Walter R. Page, Secretary. Guardian Assurance, (London), 60 Wall Street. Hamburg- Bremen, (United States Branch), 178 Broadway. Capital, $1,- 819,000 in Gold. S. V. Dorrien, Mana- ger. Hamilton, 11 Wall Street. Organ- ized, 1852. Capital, $150,000. D. D. Whitney, President; D. D. Leeds, Secretary. Hanover, 120 Broadway. Organized, 1852. Capital, $500,000. Benj. S. Walcott, President; I. Remsen Lane, Secretary. Hoffman, 130 Broadway. Organized, 1864. Capital, $200,000. M. F. Hodges, President; John D. McIntyre, Secre- tary. Home, 135 Broadway. Organized, 1853. Capital, $3,000,000. Charles J. Martin, President; A. F. Will- MARTH, \st Vice-President; John D. A. Heald, 2d Vice President; H. Wash- burn, Secretary. Hope, 169 Broadway. Organized, 1856. Capital, $150,000. John W. Mersereau, President; Isaac D. Cole, Vice-President; Louis T. Bayard, Sec- Howard, 66 Wall Street. Incorpo- rated, 1825. Capital, $500,000. Sam- uel T. Skidmore, President; Henry A. Oakley, Vice-President; Theodore Keeler, Secretary. Importers and Traders, 192 Broad- way. Organized, 1859. Capital, $200,- 000. Jacob Brokaw, President ; Dan- iel A. Smith, Secretary. Irving, 157 Broadway. Organized, 1872. Capital, $200,000. Martin L. Crowell, President; James M. Wil- son, Secretary. Jefferson, 111 Broadway. Incorpo- rated, 1824. Capital, $200,000. S. E. Belcher, President; Wm. B. Flowery, Secretary. Knickerbocker, 64 Wall St. Organ- ized, 1787, as the Mutual Assurance Co. Reorganized to Knickerbocker Fire in 1846. Capital, $280,000. , President; Jos. L. Townsend, Secretary. Kings County. Organized, 1858. Capital, $150,000. Surplus, $250,000. Edward T. Backhouse, President; Henry Pope, Secretary. New York Office, 59 Liberty St. Lafayette. Organized, 1856. Capital, $150,000. Hubert Giroux, President; Geo. W. Hunt, Secretary. New York Office, 165 Broadway. Lamar, 184 Broadway. Organized, 1872. Capital, $200,000. Isaac R. St. John, President; Wm. R. Macdiar- MiD, Secretary. 214 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Lancashire, (England), 184 Broad- way. Capital, $10,000,000. Henry Robertson, Manager. Lenox, 158 Broadway. Organized, 1853. Capital, $150,000. George A. Jarvis, President ; Arthur H. Wal- ton, Secretary. Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance Company, 45 William St. James E. Pdlsford, Resident Secretary. London Assurance, (London), estab- lished in 1720. 88 Wall street. Assets, $14,000,000. Frame, Hare & Lock- wood, Managers, United States Branch. Lorrillard, 152 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1871. Capital, $300,000. Car- lisle Norwood, President; John C. Mills, Secretary. Long Island. Incorporated in 1833. Reorganized in 1863. Capital, $200,000. B. W. Delamater, President; Wm. W. Henshaw, Secretary. New York Office, 120 Broadway. Manhattan, 68 Wall street. First incorporated, March 18, 1821. Reorgan- ized, 1872. Capital, $250,000. Andrew J. Smith, President. Manufacturers' and Builders', 207 Broadway. Organized, 1870. Capital, $200,000. E. V. Lowe, President; J. Jay Nestell, Secretary. Mechanics', 217 Montague street. Organized, 1857. Capital, $150,000. John A. Baker, President; Daniel Chauncey, Jr., President; Walter Nichols, Secretary. New York Office, 165 Broadway. Mechanics' and Traders', 48 Wall St. Organized, 1853. Capital, $200,000. James R. Lett, President; John M. Tompkins, Secretary. Mercantile, 166 Broad wa v. Organ- ized, 1852. Capital, $200,000. Wm. A. Anderson, President ; C. W. Par- melee, Secretary. Merchants', 149 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1850. Capital, $200,000. C. V. B. OsTRANDER, President; John L. DouoT.ARS, Secretary. Metropolitan, 108 Broadway. Or- ganized, 1854. Capital, $300,000. Robert M. C. Graham, President: Saaiuel J. Young, Secretary. Montauk, 22 Court street. Organ- ized, 1857. Capital, $200,000. Wm. Ellsworth, President ; Geo. G. Trask, Secretary. New York Office, 120 Broad- way. Nassau, 30 Court street. Capital, $200,000. Thos. B. Jones, Pr^^w^Ti^/. Wm. T. Lane, Secreta/ry. New York Office, 167 Broadway. National, 52 Wall street. Incorpo- rated, 1838. Capital, $200,000. Hen- ry T. Drowne, President ; Henry H. Hall, Secretary. New York, 72 Wall street. Incor- porated, 1832. Capital, $200,000. Daniel Underhill, President; Au- gustus CoLSON, Secretary. New York Produce, 112 Broadway. Organized, 1874. Capital, $200,000. Warren Harriot, Pi^esident ; S. W. Wendover, Secretary. New York and Yonkers, 100 Broad- way. Organized, 1872. Capital, $200,- 000. R. L. Franklin, President ; John W. SiMONSON, Secretary. Niagara, 201 Broadway. Organized,. 1850. Capital, $500,000. Henry A. Howe, President; Peter Notman,. Secretary. North River, 202 Greenwich street. Incorporated, 1822. Capital, $350,000. Peter R.Warner, President; Albert BoGERT, Jr., Secretary. Pacific, 470 Broadway. Organized, 1851. Capital, $200,000. Thos. F. Jeremiah, President; Wm. A. Butler, Secretary. Park, 170 Broadway. Incorporated, 1853. Capital, $200,000. William ^KYY-RKY, President ; William Valen- tine, Secretary. People's, 393 Canal street. Organ- ized, 1851. Capital, $150,000. F. V. Fine, President; A. C. Milne, Secre- tary. FIEE INSURANCE COMPANIES. 215 Peter Cooper, Third avenue, cornor East Ninth street. Organized, 1853. Assets, $400,000. Natiian C. Ely, President; Wm. H. Reblet, Secretary. Phoenix, 12 and 14 Court street. Organized, 1853. Capital, $1,000,000 ; surplus, $1,333,492. Stephen Crow- ell, President; Philander Shaw, Vice-President; Wm. R. Crowell, Secretary. New York Office, 193 Broad- way. Queen, (Liverpool,) 216 Broadway. Capital, £2,000,000. William H. Ross, Manager. Assets in United States, $1,264,965. Relief, 149 Broadway. Organized, 1855. Capital, $200,000. Jas. A. PiNCKNEY, President ; Wm. E. Crary, Secretary. Republic, 153 Broadway. Organized, 1852. Capital, $300,000. Robert S. Hone, President; Duncan F. Curry, Secretary ; Edward Rcwell, Assistant Secretary. Resolute, 151 Broadway. Organized, 1857. Capital, $200,000. John Gihon, President; Wm. M. Randell, Secretary. Ridgewood, 26 Court street, Brook- lyn. Organized, 1873. Capital, $200,- 000. Wm. K. Lathrop, President; Wm. a. Scott, Secretary. New York Office, 170 Broadway. Royal Canadian, (Montreal, Can.,) 54 William street. Royal, (Liverpool and London,) 56 Wall street. Assets, $17,000,000. A. B. McDonald and E. F. Beddall, Agents. (See adv.) Rutgers, 180 Chatham street. Or- ganized, 1853. Capital, $200,000. Ed. B. Fellows, President; Jos. W. Dua- Liss, Secretary. Safeguard, 152 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1872. Capital, $200,000. Thos. C. DoREMUs, President; James Yer- EANCE, Secretary. St. Nicholas, 166 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1852. Capital, $150,000. Wm. WmsLow, President; J. Dubois, Sec- retary. Standard, 117 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1859. Capital, $200,000. Wm. Cripps, President; Wm. M. St. John, Star, 161 Broadway. Organized, 1864. Capital, $200,000. Nicholas C. Mil- ler, President; Jas. M. Hodges, Sec- retary. Sterling, 155 Broadway. Organized, 1864. Capital, $200,000. Andrew L. SouLARD, President ; J. K. Van Rens- selaer, Secretary. Stuyvesant, 200 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1851. Capital, $200, 000. Samuel F. Patterson, President ; George B. Rhoades, Secretary. Tradesmen's, 168 Broadway. Organ- ized, 1858. Capital, $1500,000. David B. Keeler, President; T. Y. Brown, Secretary. United States, 106 Broadway. Or- ganized, 1824. Capital, $250,000. A. S. Underhill, President; W. W. Un- DERHTLL, Secretary. Westchester, 114 Broadway. Or- ganized, 1870. Capital, $200,000. Geo. J. Penfield, President; Geo. S. Crawford, Secretary. Williamsburgh City, (Brooklyn), 208 and 210 Broadway. Organized, 1853. Capital, $250,000. Edmond Driggs President; N. W. Meserole, Secretary 216 NEW YORK AS IT IS. MARINE INSURANCE COMPANIES. mSURE AGAINST MARINE AND INLAND NAVIGATION RISKS. Atlantic Mutual, 51 Wall street. (Chartered in 1824 as a stock company.) Incorporated, 1842. Assets, $16,003,- 584. John D. Jones, President; Charles Dennis, Vice-President; W. H. H. Moore, 2d Vice-President; A. A. Raven, M Vice-President; Joseph H. Chapman, Secretary. Commercial Mutual, 57 and 59 Wil- liam street. Incorporated, 1843. As- sets, $1,189,040. Daniel Drake Smith, President; W. I. Comes, Vice-Presi- dent; Henry D. Bang, Secretary. Great Western, 50 Wall street. Or- ganized, 1855. Assets, $1,098,009. Ferdinand Motz, P)'esident ; Alex. Mackay, Vice-President; Wm. T. Lock- wood, Secretary. Mercantile Mutual, 35 Wall street. Incorporated, 1842. Assets, $981,607. Ellwood Walter, President; A. G. Montgomery, jr., Vice-President ; A. W. Hegeman, 2d Vice-President ; C. J. Des- pard. Secretary. New York Mutual, 61 William street. First incorporated in 1798 as a stock company. Incorporated, 1842. Assets, $847, 176. John H. Lyell, Presi- dent; T. B. Bleecker, Jr., Vice-Presi- dent; Edward Laroque, Orient Mutual, 43 Wall street. Or- ganized, 1854. Assets, $1,947,372. Eugene Dutilh, President ; Alfred Og- den, Vice-President; Charles Irving, Secretary. United States "Lloyds," 50 Wall street. Higgins & Cox, Attorneys for the subscribers. Pacific Mutual, 119 Broadway. Or- ganized, 1835. Assets, $1,017,143. John K. Meyers, President; Thomas Hale, Vice-President; Willoughby Powell, Secretary. Sun Mutual, 37 Wall street. (Marine and Fire.) Incorporated, 1841. Assets $775, 138. John P. Paulison, President; Isaac H. Walker, Vice-President; John P. Nichols, Secreta/ry. Union Mutual, 63 William street. (Marine and Fire.) Incorporated, 1845. Assets, $1,176,711. F. S. Lathrop, President; Ferdinand Stagg, Vice-Presi- dent; P. F. MacDonald, Secretary. Board of Marine Underwriters — Office, 51 Wall St. Organized in 1832. Officers: Charles M'Evers, President; William Neilson, Vice-President; Joseph Fowler, Secretary. 1876. The following Companies now con- stitute the Board of Marine Under- writers ; The Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company. The Sun Mutual Insurance Com- pany. The Mercantile Mutual Insur- ance Company. The Orient Mutual Insurance Company. The Pacific Mutual Insurance Company. The Commercial Mutual Insur- ance Company. The New York Mutual Insurance Company. The Union Mutual Insurance Company. Francis S. Lathrop, President. Daniel D. Smith, Vice-Pres. Elwood Walter, Secretary. W. H. H. Moore, Treasurer. G. S. Stagg, Clerk of the Board. LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES. 217 CHAMBER OF LIFE INSURANCE. Office in Bennett Building, 99 Nassau St. Organized in 1873. OFFICERS FOR 1875—76. Jacob L. Gkeene, Hartford, President. Samuel C. Huey, Philadelphia, Vice-President. Chablton T. Lewis, New York, Sec. and Treasurer. This Association is composed of 27 Life Insurance Companies, representing an immense amount of assets. LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. American Popular, 419 and 421 Broadway. Organized May, 1866. As- sets, $686,172. T. S. Lambert, M. D,. Pres.; Moreau Morris, M. D., Vice- Pres. ; Jas. Cruikshank, Secretary. Brooklyn, 320 Broadway. Organ- ized July, 1864. Assets, $2,244,841. Christian W Bouck, Pres. ; Wm. H. Wallace, Vice-Pres. ; "Wm. M. Cole, Secretary. Connecticut Mutual,(Hartford). Or- ganized 1846. James Goodwin, Pres.; Jacob L. Green, Secretary. Assets, $41,000,000. Dunham & Sherman, Oen. Agents, 194 Broadway. Continental, 26 Nassau St. Organ- ized May, 1866. Assets, $6,473,158. L. W Frost, Pres. ; M. B. Wynkoop, Vice-Pres.; J. P. Rogers, Secretary. Equitable, 120 Broadway. Organ- ized July, 1869. Assets, $25,606,847. Henry B. Hyde, Pres.; J. W. Alex- ander, Vice-Pres.; Samuel Burrows, Secretary. Germania, 293 Broadway. Organ- ized April, 1860. Assets, $6,640,004. Hugo Wesendonck, Pres.; Cornelius DoREMUS, Secretary. Globe Mutual, 345 Broadway. Or- ganized June, 1864. Assets, $4,093,131. Pliny Freeman, Pres.; Jas. M. Free- man, Secretary. Home, 254 Broadway. Organized April, 1860. Assets, $4,113,905. George C. Ripley, Pres.; Wm. J. Coffin, Sec- reta/ry Homoeopathic Mutual, 231 Broad- way. Organized July, 1868. Assets, $578,114. D. T. Marshall, Pres.; F. B. Mayhew, Secretary. Knickerbocker, 239 Broadway. Or- ganized April, 1853. Assets, $7,214,719. J. A. Nichols, Pres.; G. F. Snifpen, Secretary. Life Association of America, (St, Louis, Mo.), 92 Broadway. Manhattan, 156 Broadway. Org. July, 1850. Assets, $9,561,402. Henry Stokes, Pres.; Chris. Y, Wemple, ■Vice-Pres.; J. L. Halsey, Secretary. Merchants', 257 Broadway. Organ- ized April, 1870. Assets, $196,659. James A. Taber, Pres.; A. R. Hobby, Secretary. Metropolitan, 319 Broadway. Or- ganized Jan., 1866. Assets, $1,848,088. Jas. F. Knapp, Pres.; Robert A. Grannis, Secretary. Mutual of New York, Broadwaj'', cor. Liberty St. Incorporated April, 1842. Assets, $72,191,288. F. S. Win- ston, Pres.; R. A, McCurdy, Vice- Pres.; J. M. Stuart, Secretary. Mutual Benefit, (Newark, N. J.) S. H.' Lloyd, Agent, 137 Broadway. New York, 346 Broadway. Incor- porated May, 1843. Assets, $27,179,394. Morris Franklin, Pres. ; Wm. H. Beers. Vice-Pres. and Actuary; Theo- dore M. Banta, Cashier. New York Fire Ins. and Trust, 52 Wall St. Incorporated March, 1830. 218 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Capital, $1,000,000. Henky Parish, Pres.; Joseph R. Kearny, Secretary. New Jersey Mutual, (Newark, K J.), 261 Broadway, and Drexel Build- ing, Wall St. North America, 17 and 19 Warren St. Organized Oct., 1862. Assets, $5,789,074. H. J. Furber, Pres. ; George L. Montague, Secretary. Provident Savings, office. Western Union Building, Broadway. Organized 1875. George Walker, Pres.; Shep- PARD HoMANS, Vice-Pres. and Ac- tuary; Jas. L. Goodridge, Secretary. Royal, (Liverpool & London), 56 Wall St. A. B. McDonald, Agent. (See adv't.) Security, 31 and 33 Pine St. Or- ganized Jan., 1862. Assets, $3,359,265. Robert L. Case, Pres,; Isaac H. Allen, Secretary. Travelers' Life and Accident,(Hart- ford), 207 Broadway. R, M. Johnson, Manager. United States, 261 Broadway. Organ- ized Feb., 1850. Assets, $4,381,266. John E. De Witt, Pres.; C. E. Pease, Secretary. Universal, 17 and 19 Wall St. Or- ganized Feb., 1865. Assets, $4,618,851. WiLLiAJH Walker, Pres.; H. J. Fur- > BER, Vice-Pres.; J. H. Bewley, Secre- tary. Washington, 155 Broadway. Organ- ized Feb., 1860. Assets, $4,379,424. Cyrus CuRTiss,Pres.; Wm. A. Brewer, Jr., Vice-Pres.; Wm. Haxtun, Sec. World Mutual, 60 Broadway. Or- ganized Nov., 1866. Assets, $344,258 James H. Frothingham, Pres.; J. B. Blossom, Secreta/ry. RISE AND GROWTH OF LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES In the City of New York. The Life Insurance business, which has assumed such immense importance during the past thirty-three years that their rise and growth is a matter of as- tonishment, which can best be shown by enumerating the several companies that have been organized, with their assets, &c. : INCOR. NAME. ASSETS, 1875. 1842. Mutual of New York _ $78,191,288 1843. New York - 27,179,394 1850. United States. 4,381,266 1850. Manhattan 9,561,402 1853. Knickerbocker 7,214,719 1859. Equitable 25,606,847 1860. Germania 1 -- 6,640,004 1860. Home (Brooklyn) 4,113,905 1860. Washington - 4,379,424 1862. NorthAmerica .-- 5,789,074 1862. Security. - 3,359,265 1864. Brooklyn. - 2,244,341 1864. Globe 4,093,131 1865. Universal 4,618,851 1866. Continental - 6,473,158 1866. World.. 344,258 1866. American Popular 686,172 LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES. 219 1866. Metropolitan . _ 1,848,088 1868. Homoeopathic __ '578,114 1870. Merchants' 196'659 1875. Provident Savings (a) capital 125,' 000 1830. New York Life Insurance Trust Com capital 1,000,000 1833. American Life Insurance and Trust Com 1859. Guardian* 1863. National* 1864. Widows and Orphajisf _ ... 1865. Great Western^ 1867. Excelsiorf 1867. Asbury* 1867. Standard 1868. American Tontine:}: _ 1868. Commonwealth! . _ _ 1868. Craftsmen'sf... ._ 1868. Eclectic* ^ 1869. Empiref ..: 1869. Herculesf 1870. Government Securityf __ __ 1872. Reservef Note. — Of the above thirty-six Life Insurance Companies about one-half have been obliged to relinquish business during the past few years. The gross assets of the solvent Life Insurance Companies at the close of the year 1874, doing business in the State of New York, amounted to $387,281,896, an increase of $27,141,212 over the amount reported for 1873 ; of which home companies possess $195,336,920, other State companies $191,944,975, showing a great accumulation of assets — the practical working of the system seeming to be to amass an immense amount of capital or wealth drawn from the insured. Life Insurance Companies are of recent origin, yet still for a series of years they rapidly increased in numbers. Commencing in 1843 we find four compa- nies organized in the city in 1850 and ten in 1860 — these for the most part form the great companies of the present time. In 1870 the number rose to forty in the State of New York, and have since decreased, now (1875) numbering twen- ty-two in the State at large. § The gross assets, in 1860, were $13,745,559,82 ; in 1865, $33,230,840 ; in 1870^ $133,119,187.48 ; in 1874, $195,336,920.95— showing a rapid increase of assets, that are truly alarming. At this rate, if the system is continued, in a few de- cades the accumulation will be enormous. (a) This company has a fixed capital, and offers a new plan of insurance, which renders large accumulation of assets unnecessary. ♦Receiver appointed. tRe-insured in other companies. ^Closed up. §The total assets of the Life Insurance Companies of this State, amount to nearly $300.000,000 ; the amount insured by them to $1,000,000,000, and their annual receipts to more than $60,000,000. The magnitude of these sums, and the duration and fiduciary character of the engagements of these corporations, make it specially important that the interests of the policy-holders should be guarded with jealous care.— Insurance Department Heport, 1875. 220 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. BANKERS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Adams & McHarg, 33 Wall st. Amy, H. & Co., 21 Nassau st. Arthur, Geo. D. & Co., 34 Wall st. Babcock, Brothers & Co., 50 Wall st. Baldwin, Austin & Co., 72 B'way. Baldwin & Kimball, 16 Wall st. Baldwin & Weeks, 14 Wall st. Ballin, Eugene S. «fc Co., 24 Ex. PI. Baltzer & Taaks, 50 Exchange place. Bankers' & Brokers' Association, 25 Broad st. Barney, Raymond & Co. , 5 Wall st. Baylis, A. B. & Co., 19 William st. Bell, Richard and Charles F. Smithers, (Agents Bank of Montreal, )61 Wall st. Belden, William & Co., 78 Broadway. Belmont, August & Co., (August Belmont andE. B. Lucke,) 19 Nassau St. Blake, Brothers & Co., 52 Wall st. Bloodgood, John & Co. , 22 William st. Bogart, Orlando M. &Co., 3 Nassau st. Bonner, G. T. & Co., 20 Broad st. Bound & Co., 52 Wall St. Brown, Bros. & Co., 59 Wall st., Bos- ton and Philadelphia. Brown, A. H. & Co. , 22 Nassau st. Brown, Aug. J. & Son, 50 Liberty st. Brown, Edward J. & Co. , 64 Broadway. Cammann & Co., (C. L. Cammaun, G. W. Fuller, Henry J. Cammann and Charles Schroder,) 8 Wall st. Camblos & Myers, (H. S. Camblos and T. W. Myers,) 22 and 24 New st. Chase & Atkins, 18 Broad st. Cisco, John T. & Son, 59 Wall street. Clark, Dodge & Co., 51 Wall st. Colgate, J. B. & Co.,(Jas. B. Colgate and Robert Colby,) 47 Wall st. Corbin, Austin, 61 Broadway. Corn & Autermann, 30 Broad st. Davis & Freeman, 53 Ex. Place. Davidson & Jones, 61 Wall st. Dean, McGinnis & Co. , 30 Broad st. Denny, Thos. & Co., 39 Wall st. Dennistoun & Co., 22 Ex. Place. De Rham «& Co. , (L. De Comeau, Alex. Major, and Charles de Rham,) 69 AVilliam st. Donnell, Lawson & Co., 92 Broadway. Drexel, Morgan & Co., Broad and Wall sts. ; Drexel & Co., Philadel- phia ; Drexel, Haries & Co., Paris. Duncan, Mathews & Co., B'way. D'Wolf & Parsons, 49 Ex. Place. Edwards, R. L., 33 WaU st. Elwell, Stout & Co., 16 Wall st. FiSK & Hatch, (Harvey Fisk and A. ^ S. Hatch,) 5 Nassau st. Fitch, Otis & Co., 11 Pine st. Freeman, Petty & Bond, 21 Wall st. Grant & Co., 33 Wall st. Gaylor, Samuel A. & Co., 33 Wall st. Gibson, Casanova & Co. , 50 Ex. Place. Oilman, Son & Co., 47 Ex. Place. Glendinning, Davis & Amory,17 Wall st. Greenebaum Brothers & Co., 1 Nas- sau St. Greenleaf , Norris & Co. , 66 Ex. Place. Gwynne & Day, 16 Wall st. Haar&Co., 45 Wallst. Haight & Field, 2 Wall st. Hallgarten & Co., 28 Broad st. Harney & Searles, 24 New st. Harriot & Co., 19 New st. Harper & Goadley, 50 Wall st. Hatch. W. T. & Son, 34 Wall st. ' Hatch & Foote, (D. B. Hatch and B. Foote,) 12 Wall st. Heidelbach, Frank &, Co., 52 Ex. PL Heminway, A. G. & Co., 33 Broad st. Hess Brothers & Co., 20 Wall st. Hewson, Kilbreth & Co., 11 Broad st. Hoge, William & Co., 40 Wall st. Horton, H. L. & Co., 56 Broadway. Howes & Company, 6 Wall st. Irvin, Richard & Co. , 54 Exchange pi. Iselin, A. &Co., 48 Wall st. Ivins, Howard & Co. , 24 Nassau st. James, F. P. & Co., 40 Wall st. Jameson, Jos. A. & Co. , 14 Broad st. Jameson, Smith & Cotting, 14 Broad st. Jaudon, Samuel, 119 Broadway. Jesup, M. K., Paton & Co., (M. K. Jesup, John Paton, D. A. Lindley, and E. K. Goodnow,) 52 William st. Johnson & Fuller, 70 Broadway. Jones & Schuyler, 12 Pine st. Justh & Co. , 53 Exchange pi. Kelley, Eugene & Co., 45 Exchange pi. LIST OF BANKERS. 221 Kemeys & Cox, 51 Exchange pi. Kennedy, Hutchinson & Co., 40 Wall st. Ketcham & Clark, 62 Broadway. Kidder, A. M. & Co., 4 Wall st. King's, James G. Sons, (Denning Duer, A. Gracie King, and James G. K. Duer, 53 William st. Kelly & Alexander, 68 William st. Kissam & Co., 36 Wall st. Knauth, Nachod & Kuhne, 118 B'way. Knoblank & Lichtenstein, 35 Broadway. Kountze Brothers, 12 Wall st. Kuhn, Loeb & Co., 31 Nassau st. Lancaster, Brown & Co., 1 Ex. Court. Latham, Alexander & Co., 18 Wall st. Lawrence L. S. & Co, (Charles Fra- zier, F. E. Williams, and C. F. Law- rence, special,) 93 Nassau st. Lawrence, Brothers & Co. , 16 Wall st. Laidlaw & Co. , (Agents Bank of Cal- ifornia,) 12 Pine st. Leland Brothers & Co. , 19 Nassau st. Leonard, Sheldon & Co., 10 Wall st. Limbert& Co., 21 Nassau st. McKim Brothers & Co., 47 Wall st. Maas, Martin & Co. , 48 Exchange pi. Maitland, Phelps & Co., 45 Ex. pi. Manuel, Horace & Co., 31 Wall st. Martin & Runyan, 40 Wall st. Marsh, Jos. A. & Co., 26 Broad st. May and King, 11 Broad st. Meeker, Worden & Co., 48 Wall st. Merrill, G. W. & Co., 10 Wall st. Mills, Robeson & Smith, 2 Exchange pi. Moore, W. D. & Co. , 4 Exchange pi. Moran Brothers, corner Cedar and William st. Morgan, H. T. & Co., 35 William st. Morgan's M. Sons, 39 William r*. Morton, Bliss & Co., 33 Broad st. Monroe, John & Co., 8 Wall st., and Paris, France. Musgrave & Co., 19 Broad st. Nelson, George S. , 54 Wall st. Nichols, Stone & Co., 33 Wall st. O'Brien, William & John, 58 Wall st. Opdyke, George & Co., (George Op- dyke, C. W. Opdyke, G. F. Opdyke, H. B. Opdyke, George W. Farlee,) 25 Nassau st. Orvis, Jos. U. & Ce., 23 Nassau st. Osborn, C. J. & Co., 34 Broad st. Peck & Martin, 44 Wall st. Phelps, Royal, 45 Exchange pi. Pillot, Perry & Co., 44 Broad st. Prickett, Ellis & Co., 46 Broad st. Purdon, Jas. and Wiggins, Augustus, 30 Pine st. Ralli & Fachiri, 25 William st. Randolph, Birkley & Co., 6 Wall st. Reed, Thomas & Co. , 64 Broadway. Reid & Content, 20 Broad st. Richard, C. B. & Boas, 61 Broadway. Riggs&Co., 56 Wall St. Ripley & Co., 32 Pine st. Robinson, Chase & Co., 18 Broad st. . Robinson, Thos. B. & Co., 2 Nassau st. Rollins, Brothers & Co. , 21 Wall st. Russell, S. F. & Co., 6 Wall st. Saunders & Hardenbergh, 112 B'way. Schafer Brothers, 15 Broad st. Schulz & Ruckgaber, 40 Exchange pi. Schulze, F. H., 35 Wall st. Scott, E. P. & Co., 3 Exchange court Scott, Strong & Co., 36 Broad st. Scott, Wm. B. & Co., (Wm. B. Scott, Albert E. Scott,) 24 Pine st. Seligman, J. & W. & Co., 50 Exchange pi. , and 21 Broad st. Smith, Seaver & Bower, 8 Broad st. Smith, Wm. Alexander & Co., 40 Wall of pppf Soutter & Co., (Wm. K. Soutter, T. H. Porter, J. T. Soutter,) 78 B'way. Stead, Stone & Co., 46 Broad st. Stebbins, H. & G. & Son, 50 Ex. pi. Sterett, Colbron & Co., 17 New st. Sternberger, M. & S. , 44 Exchange pL Stout & Dickinson, 25 Broad st. Stuart, J. & J. & Co., 33 Nassau st. Stuart, Andrews & Co., 34 Pine st. Talmadge, Henry & Co. , 39 Pine st. Taussig, Fisher & Co., 32 Broad st. Taylor, Alex., Sons, 56 Broadway. Taylor Brothers, 17 Wall st. Tilney, J. S. & Co., 16 Wall st. Toussaint & Kollstede, 42 Exchange pL Tremain, E. R. & Co., 6 Wall st. Underbill, J. F. & Co., 54 Wall st. Unger, Charles & Co., 46 Ex pi. Urquhart & Co. , 30 Pine st. Van Deventer & Patton, 6 Wall st. 222 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. Vermilye & Co, (Washington R. Ver- milye, Jas. A. Trowbridge, Donald Mackay, Latham A. Fish,) 16 Nassau. Veruam & Hoy, 34 New st. Von Hoffman, L. & Co., 50 Wall st. Walker, Andrews & Co., 14 Wall St., and Andrews & Co., Pads. Ward, S. G. & G. C, 53 Wall st. Ward, Campbell & Co., (Alexander Campbell, Henry G. Chapman, and Richard Baring Gould,) 56 Wall st. Warren, John & Son, 65 Wall st. Warren, Kidder «fc Co., 4 Wall st. Watson, John H. & Co., 201 Broadway. Watson, W. & W. J. Ingram, agents Merchant Bank of Canada, 63 Wall st. Wells, Fargo & Co., 65 Broadway, and San Francisco, Cal. White, Morris & Co., 18 Wall st. White, Defreitas & Rathborne, 17 Broad st. Whitehouse & Co., 25 Broad st. Whittemore & Co. , 56 Exchange pi. Williams, H. C. & Co., 49 Wall st. WiNSLOw, Lanier & Co., (J. F. D. Lanier, Charles Lanier, John W. Ellis,. John S. Sauzade, and Edward Win- slow,) 27 Pine st. Winthrop, Robert & Co., 18 Wall st. Wood & Davis, (C. D. Wood and S. D. Davis,) 31 Pine st. MONIED INSTITUTIONS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, WITH THEIR AMOUNT OP CAPITAL, &C., 1876. Cajntal. 48 National Banks $68,500,000 37State Banks 16,500,000 $ 85,000,000 38 Savings Banks January, 1876, 190,000,000 74 New York Fire Insurance Companies. ) ^^ nnn f\r\n 12 Brooklyn* " " " \ 40,000,000 13 Foreign Fire Insurance Companies 45,000,000 10 Marine Insurance Companies 25,000,000 20 Life Insurance Companies 195,000,000 12 Loan and Trust Companies 18,000,000 5 Safe Deposit Companies 1 New York Stock Exchange 1 New York Gold Exchange 1 Bank Clearing House. _ In addition to the above 86 Fire Insurance Companies in the City of New York, chartered by the State, there are 13 Foreign Companies, with an esti- mated capital of $45,000,000 ; besides numerous companies from other States doing business in the city. There are also a number of Marine and Life Insu- rance Companies, both Foreign and from other States. BANKERS AND BROKERS. There are about 300 Bankers, besides numerous Brokers, who transact an immense amount of business, both in dealing in money, stocks, etc. The capital thus invested must amount to several hundred millions of dollars, making the total cash capital and assets of Monied Institutions and Bankers to represent at least $1,000,000,000. * Having offices in the City of New York. "i^^^Mm^&r^ BROOKLYN NAVY YARD. PART X. DESCRIPTION OF THE CITY OF BROOKLYN AND OTHER CITIES IN THE VICINITY OF NEW YORK The City of Brooklyn, capital of Kings County, N. Y., is a sea-port ad- vantageously situated on the west end of Long Island, opposite the City of New York, with which it is closely con- nected by numerous steam ferries and a new Bridge now nearly completed. The East River, which separates Long Island from New York Island, is here about half a mile in width, affording a sufficient depth of water for the largest ships. By the acquisition of Williams- bui'gh, (annexed in 1854,) Brooklyn now contains an area of about 16,000 acres, having an exterior line of 22 miles. The surface is uneven and the south and east borders are occupied by a broad range of low hills, which extend east to Queens County. Along the water's edge, opposite the lower part of New York, is an irregular bluff known as Brooklyn Heights. Wallabout Bay Is a deep indentation lying between the old towns of Brooklyn and Williams- burgh. Gowanus Bay extends into the south part of the City. The land that borders upon these bays is flat and marshy. Most of the city site, however, is on elevated ground, and well adapted for avenues and building purposes. The water front is entirely occupied by wharves and warehouses, while other portions of the city are devoted to large manufactories of various kinds ; here are extensive ship yards and other pur- suits connected with shipping. The Atlantic Dock, in South Brooklyn, near Buttermilk Channel, with an area of 40 acres, is a work of great utility ; it has sufficient depth of water for any vessel, and is usually crowded with ships and steamers. The commerce of Brooklyn is large, though it scarce has an independent existence, owing to its proximity to the City of New York. Ship and boat-building and repairing are extensively carried on at Williams- burg and Green Point on the East River. The United States Navy Yard is located upon Wallabout Bay. Here is also the United States Marine Hospital for the care of the sick and infirm sea- men belonging to the Navy. Numerous ships-of-war of a large class are usually to be seen at the Government Docks, or anchored off in the stream, this being a great rendezvous for vessels and fleets arriving from foreign ports. 224 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Public Parks. Brooklyn, which, now ranks as the third city of the Union, boasts of sev- eral fine parks, of which Prospect Park is the most extensive, containing about 600 acres and laid out at a total cost of $10,000,000. It was first pro- jected in 1860, though the original plan was exceedingly meagre in its pro- visions. The site of this park, formerly known as "Prospect Hill," is one of surprising natural beauty, with mag- nificent views embracing every variety of prospect and scenery. The rich soil is covered in Summer with a luxuriant growth of plants and flowers ; stately forest trees wave in the breeze ; hill- ocks, lakes, and water-courses lend the charms of rural scenery ; while art, with lavish expenditure, has been introduced to supply with exquisite sculpture and multiplied adornments all that can please the eye and enrich the mind. Twenty-five acres are devoted to zoo- logical gardens. Its tasteful fountains, arbors, terraces, exquisite bridges, music-stands, skating ponds, winding pedestrian and carriage ways, in mag- nificence equal those of Central Park, New York. The site of this Park is unrivalled as regards elevation — over- looking Brooklyn, the City of New York and the surrounding country, together with a fine view of the Bay of New York and the Atlantic Ocean as seen in the distance. Washington Park. — This park covers the site of Fort Green of Rev- olutionary fame, and is the oldest of the Brooklyn parks. It is but a short dis- tance from the ferry, will well repay a visit, and may be reached by the horse cars. Carroll Park. — This is a small park handsomely formed at the inter- section of Carroll and Court streets. It is much frequented by the working classes. Brooklyn Parade Ground. — This is a level tract of rich greensward just, outside of the city limits on the way to Coney Island, and is considered the finest parade ground in the United States. Prospect Park Fair Grounds, situ- ated at Gravesend, between Brooklyn and Coney Island, is owned by a pri- vate association, and is a tract of 80 acres containing a one-mile driving track, a club-house, a hotel, and fair ground, costing in the aggregate over a quarter of a million. There are several other parks and drives of more or less notoriety ; while City Railroads run in almost every di- rection to different parts of the city. The Nassau Water Works afford an abundant supply of pure water, while the several Gas Works afford light for the city. The numerous Churches of Brooklyn — for which it is famed — its Institutions of Learning, Libraries, etc., together with an easy access to the City of New York, makes this favored city a most desirable place of abode, both for the wealthy and the laboring classes. Its public building are numerous, and many of them costly edifices. The City Hall and County Court House are fine build- ings, the former in part surrounded by a small park, standing at the junction of Court and Fulton streets. BKOOKLYN. 225 The Public Sclwols are numerous, be- ing under the charge of a Board of Education. Packer Collegiate Institute, for girls, occupies an elegant building, to wliich is attached an astronomical observatory. The Brooklyn Institute has a free library, and provides free lectures, and lessons in drawing and painting for apprentices. The Brooklyn Athenceum, the Mercantile Library and Reading Boom, (erected at a cost of $300,000, the Laio Library and Naval Lyceum, are valuable institutions. Among the societies for intellectual improvement are the Long Island His- torical Society, the Hamilton Literary Association, the Franklin Debating Asso- ciation, the Young Men's Association, and several others of a similar char- acter. The Academy of Music and the The- atres afford ample places of amusement for the people of Brooklyn, now num- bering near half a million of favored citizens, most of whom are closely identified with the City of New York. A late writer remarks : " We know far too little about the ' City of Churches,' which, without as much business of its own as is carried on in towns of half the population, has gone on expanding in all directions, improving its natural advantages, acquiring a Park only in- ff rior to Central Park and Boulevards, of great extent, until it is undoubtedly the largest ' residence city ' in the world. " But the Brooklyn Eagle brings out facts from the last State census, and from other reliable sources of in- formation, which ought to be heeded by New Yorkers. Take, for instance. the statistics of new buildings erected from 1864 to 1875, inclusive : Year. ^1 J 1864 714 598 1,058 1,657 2,631 2,671 2,486 2,124 2,015 1,920 1,786 1,470 $1,498,400 $2,100 1,717,200 9! ««7 1865 1866 1867 2,520,500 3,595,600 4,815,e00 5,401,300 5,592,200 4,930,900 4,684,400 5,020.600 4,251,700 3,617,300 2,382 2,170 1,880 2,022 2,266 2 321 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 2,324 2,614 2,380 2,460 1874 1875 21,130 $47,645,100 The mere fact of the erection of 21,130 buildings in the period above given, is one that, of itself, should attract atten- tion. In other words, accomodations have been provided for 150,000 inhab- itants, or for an increase of population equal to that of a city as populous as Buffalo. This growth has not been due, in any large degree, to the growth of the business of Brooklyn, but has been owing far more to the fact that, owing to the lack of rapid transit, and high prices of real estate, tens of thous- ands of people v/ho would have pre- ferred living on this island, have been driven across the East River. Brooklyn City Hospital.— This institution is situated on an elevated site, near De Kalb avenue, on Raymond street, with a frontage of 200 feet, and consists of a main structure and two wings. It is complete in its appoint- ments, and contains private wards for such as require and are able to pay for special attention. Long Island College Hospital occupies 14 lots, at the junction of 226 NEW YOEK Pacific and Henry streets. It provides for in-door and out-door patients, lias a school for nurses, and is a medical college proper. It cost $50,000. United States Naval Hospital, situated east of the Navy Yard. Con- tains a laboratory, where medicines are manufactured for the United States Navy. Eye and Ear Hospital, corner of Johnson and Washington streets, and treats the suffering gratuitously. It is supported by private cliarit}^ St. Peter's Hospital. — A brick structure, on the corner of Hicks and Congress streets, managed by "Sisters of the Poor of the Third order of St. Francis." Brooklyn Dental Infirmary, situ- ated at No. 260 Washington street, and was the ^vstfree dental infirmary estab- lished in this country. Brooklyn Orphan Asylum, located on Cumberland street. Church Charity Fount)Ation, cor- ner of Herkimer and Albany streets. It combines hospital, asylum, home, training scool, bethel for seamen, etc. Howard Colored Orphan Asylum, on Ralph avenue and Pacific street. Catholic Orphan Asylums. — Female Asylum, corner Congress and Clinton streets ; also Willoughby snd Yates avenues. Roman Catholic Or- phan Asylum, on block between Albany and Troy avenues, and Wyckoff and Warren streets. Orphan's Home Asy- lum, on Graham avenue, near Montrose. The rise and growth of Brooklyn deserves particular attention, owing to AS IT IS. its rapid strides in population and wealth. It became an incorporated city in 1834, with a population of about 20,000. P&pulatmi at Different Periods. In 1800'- 3,298 " 1810 4,402 " 1820 7,175 " 1830 15,29^ " 1840 36,233 " 1850 96,850 " 1860 266,661 '' 1870 396,105 " 1875, by the State Census... 484,616 The avenues and streets are numer- ous, while many of them are occupied by Street Bailroads, extending to almost every part of the city. {See List of Streets, etc.) United States Navy Yard, Brooklyn. This is an important national depot of great interest and curiosity, and is visited by many thousands annually. In 1801 the United States Government first purchased grounds located on Wall- about Bay for the above purpose ; sub- sequent purchases has increased the plot to about 200 acres, lying between the Eastern and Western Districts of Brooklyn. The Navy Yard proper covers about 50 acres, is laid out with paved streets and walks which are kept in good order. The Dry Dock is a vast structure capable of taking in a ship 300 feet long, and has cost near $3,000,- 000. It is emptied by immense steam pumps constructed for the purpose. The Yard contains several large build- ings, to cover ships of war while in process of construction, lumber ware- houses, together with great numbers of cannon and quantities of shot and shells. BROOKLYN FERRY COMPANY. 227 foundries, &c. Here are cottages for officers, baiTacks for troops, a Marine Hospital, a Naval Museum filled with curiosities, which are open to the public, and many other objects of interest, in- cluding ships of war lying at the docks or anchored in the bay. Nassau Water Works, Brooklyn. Description. Ground broken, July 31st, 1856. Water first distributed, Dec. 13, 1858. Work completed, April, 1861. Length of Main Aqueduct, 12^ miles. Length of Branches, 6 miles. Length of cast iron main and distrib- uting pipes, 120 miles. Capacities. Aqueduct per day, 40,000,000 gals. Kidgewood Reservoir, 170, 000, 000 g'ls. Mt. Prospect " 20,000,000 '• Average daily consumption, (1875) 37,000,000 gallons. Heights. Surface Ridge wood Reservoir, 170 ft. Surface Mount Prospect Reservoir, 198 feet. Top of Tower Mount Prospect Park, 230 feet. Total cost of works, about $10,000,000. From the top of the Tower in Pros- pect Park is afforded a grand view, overlooking the Park and City of Brooklyn ; south may be seen the At- lantic Ocean ; west, Staten Island and New Jersey ; north, the Bay and City of New York ; east, the Navy Yard, Williamsburgh and the East River, al- together affording one of the grandest panoramas imaginable. Purity of the Water. The quality of the Ridgewood water compares very favorably with that of any other water supply in the world. On the analyses of the waters used in several cities the following are the re- sults, indicating the grains of solid mat- ter per gallon : Brooklyn, 2.64; Boston; 3.57; Philadelphia, 4.26; Albany, 4.72; Paris, 9.86. UNION FERRY COMPANY OF BROOKLYN. This Company now run five Ferries, owning 16 Boats. 1. Catharine, from Main street, Brooklyn, to Catharine street. New York. 2. Fulton, from Fulton street, Brooklyn, to Fulton street. New York. 3. Wall street, from Montague street, Brooklyn, to Wall street. New York. 4. South, from Atlantic street, Brooklyn, to Wliitehall street. New York. 5. Hamilton, from Hamilton avenue, Brooklyn, to Whitehall street. New York. Running thirteen boats daily and six all night. Transporting 125,000 foot passengers daily, over and back — 44,000,000 annually ; being more than the entire population of the United States, the Fulton Ferry alone transporting every seven days more than the entire population of Brooklyn. Only one life lost on the boats in fifteen years. In the meantime no person injured permanently on the boats. This Company transport more passengers than any other corporation 228 NEW YORK AS IT IS. in the world, by land or water. Fare, two cents in day time, and one cent be- tween 5 and 1% morning and evening. Consume 28,000 tons of coal annually. Employ 300 hands daily. CajDital stock, $100,000. N. B. Morse, President. H. E. Plerrepont, Vice-President. J. A, Perry, Secretary and Treasurer. W. A. Degrauw, Cashier. Cyrus P. Smith, Managing Director. Prior to 1810 row-boats and pirogues were the only ferry-boats upon the rivei. Next came the horse boats, wheel in the middle. The first steamboat, called the "Nassau," was put on Fulton Ferry on 8th May, 1814, and ran with horse boats till 1824. R. S. Stevens, Esq., put a side-wheel steamboat on Hoboken Ferry in 1822. BROOKLYN COLLEGIATE AND POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, Livingston Street, near Court Street. This institution was incorporated in April, 1854, and first opened for students in September, 1855. Its object is to afford to the youth of Brooklyn, and to others who may choose it as a place of study, the requisite facilities for a thorough education adapted to their destined pursuits. The large and commodious edifice erected for its use is provided with all ap- propriate means and appliances for the benefit and comfort of its pupils and for the business of instruction. The Department of Physical Sciences is furnished with a valuable Philosophical Apparatus, a well-appointed Chemical Laboratory, and a Cabinet of Natural History. To each of these large additions are annu- ally made. The management of the Institute, the appointment of its oflicers, and the administration of its finances, are committed to a Board of Trustees,, elected by the stockholders. Board of Trustees. J. S. T. Stranahan, Luther B. Wyman, JosiAH O. Low, John T. Martin, George A. Jarvis, Charles S. Baylis, James How, I. H. Frothing ham. Charles R. Marvin, Alfred S. Barnes, Alexander M. White, Walter T. Hatch, Joshua L. Pope, Benjamin T. Frothingham, William C. Fowler, C. L. Benedict, T. H. Marvin. Isaac H. Frothingham, President. Benj. T. Frothingham, Secretary. Tasker H. Marvin, Treasurer. Albert J. Lepfingwell, Registrar and Clerk. LONG ISLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 229 Faculty. David H, Cochran, Ph. D., LL.D., President, and Professor of History and Philosophy, George W. Collord, A. M., Professor of the Greek and Latin Languages. RuFus Sheldon, A. M. , Professor of Pure Mathematics. Rodney G. KmsALL, A. M., Professor of Applied Mathematics. George W. Plympton, A. M. , Professor of Physical Science. Brainerd Kellogg, A. M., Professor of the English Language and Liter- ature. Philip Willner, A. M. , Professor of the French and German Languages. Const ANTiNE Hertzberg, Professor of Drawing. Robert Foster, A. M., Superintendent of the Collegiate Department. Edward C. Seymour, A. M. , Principal of the Academic Department. Frederick F. Muller, Professor of Vocal Music. Jesse W. Payson, Professor of Bookkeeping and Penmanship. LONG ISLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY. Rooms on Court Street near City Hall. Founded, 1863. This Society had its origin in the desire of many gentlemen, principally living in Brooklyn, not only to bring together, at a convenient centre, books, docu- ments, memorials of all kinds, relating to the history of Long Island, and of the State of New York, but also to collect a library rich in all departments of his- torical literature ; a library of reference, in which the student may find what he needs for the illustration of any period in history, of any epoch of progress, in politics, art, invention, letters and human thought. The Society was incorporated in 1863 ; and it numbers, at present, 596 an- nual members, and 424 life members. The library already contains over twenty-six thousand volumes, with nearly as many selected pamphlets, many of the latter being rare and valuable. It is very rich in works relating to American local history, and to family genealogy ; and contains nearly all the important works which have been published upon general American history. It is also strong in English and French history and biography, and has a fine collection of costly and richly illustrated volumes, re- lating to fine art, antiquities, and natural liistory. It has also courses of Lec- tures every Winter on historical subjects. OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY — 1875-6. Richard S. Storrs, President. Henry C. Murphy, First Vice-President. Joshua M. Van Cott, Second Vice-President. J. Carson Brevoort, Foreign Corresponding Secreta/ry. T. Stafford Drowne, Home Corresponding Secretary. Chauncey L Mitchell, B£cording Secretary. James R. Taylor, Treasurer. George Hannah, Librarian. Executive Committee.— :i . Carson Brevoort, Chairman; Henry Sheldon, Charles Storrs, John Greenwood, Camden C. Dike, Elias Lewis, Jr., Enos N. Taft ; George Hannah, Secretary. 230 NEW YORK AS IT IS. MAYORS OF THE CITY OF BROOKLYN, Incoi-porated May 20, 1834. George Hall* ....1834^35 Jonathan Trotter* 1836-37 Jeremiah Johnson* 1838-39 Cyrus P. Smithf. .1840-41 Henry a Murphy 1842-43 Joseph Sprague* .1844-45 Thos. G. Talmage* 1846 Francis B. Stryker 1847-49 Edward Copeland* 1850 Samuel Smith,* 3 months 1850 Conklin Brush* .1851-53 * Deceased. t Elected by the people Edward A. Lambert. 1853-54 George Hall* 1855-56 Samuel S. Powell 1857-60 Martin Kalbfleisch-- 1861-63 Alfred M. Wood 1864-65 Samuel Booth. _ 1866-67 Martin Kalbfleisch*. .1868-71 Samuel S. Powell 1872-78 John W. Hunter 1874-75 Frederick A Schroeder 1876-77 previously appointed by the Common Council. BROOKLYN CITY OFFICERS— 1876. Mayor's Office, Nos. 2 and 3 City Hall. FREDERICK A. SCHROEDER, Mayor, Charles A. McLaughlin, Secretary, BOARD OP ALDER^IEN. Salary. $10,000. 1,800. Wards. 1— 2— George H. Sterling. 3 — Charles J, Shepard. 4— Robert Black. 5 — Henry Corr. 6 — James Kane. 7 — A. Stewart Rowley. 8— David S. Arnott. 9— William H. Murtha. 10 — Simon Gunder. 11— Stephen M. Griswold 12 — James Donovan. 13— William H. Ray. John French, Esq., President. Wards. 14 — Mark Reardon, 15— John T. Parker. 16 — David Acker. 11 — Herman Cottrell. 18— George W. Williams. 19 — Samuel Guthrie. 20— John French. 21 — Frederick Sigrist. 22— William A. Fritz. 23— Francis B. Fisher. 24 — George Jennison. 25— Robert HiU. City Clerk's Office. No. 1 City Hall. Wm. G. Bishop, City Clerk, Dennis McNamara, Dept. Clerk, - $3,000. 2,500. DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. Rooms, No. 9, 10 and 11 First Floor, City Hall. Samuel S. Powell, Comptroller, - - - $10,000 Aaron Brinkerhopf, Deputy Comptroller, ■ 3,000 BROOKLYN CITY OFFICERS. 231 Receiver of Taxes. William A. Fury, - . - . . 7^000 Register of Arrears. Daniel D. Whitney, - . . . . 5,000 Auditor. William S. Searing, ----- 5,000 Coroners of Kings County. Office, No. 6 Court House Building. Henry C. Simms, M. D., and Francis Nolan. POLICE DEPARTMENT. Central Office, 76 Court Street. Daniel D. Briggs, President, ) William B. Hurd, >• Commissionen John Pyburn, ) Health Department. Office, 66 Court Street. Andrew Otterson, M. D., President, $5,000, John French, President Board of Aldermen, \- Commissioners. Daniel D. Briggs, President Board of Police, Fra2^ CIS H. Stuart, M. D. , Registrar, Commissioners of Public Charities, Kings County. Office, near Court House, Livingston Street. Thomas P. Norris, M. D. , President. Bernard Began, John Raber, Bernard Miles, Harmond V. Storms. The Commissioners of Public Charities have charge of the following institu- tions : County Alms House, County Hospital, Nursery Building (undergoing repairs), and Lunatic Asylum, all of which are located at Flatbush. Attached are grounds for the benefit of the inmates, consisting of 4i^ acres of land. The present number in the Alms House, Hospital and Lunatic Asylum number about 2,100. Park Commissioners. Office, 94 Court Street. James S. Stranahan, President. John H. Prentice, William IMarshall, Abiel A. Low, Seymou- L. Husted, Abraham B. Bayiis, Stephen Haynes, Fred. A. Schrode?-, ex-officio, John N. Taylor, Comptroller and Counsel; Olmsted, Vaux & Co., Arctiiteci> and Superin- tendents ; John Y. Cuyler, Chief Engineer. 232 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Board of Commissioners of City Works. Office, Room 10, City Hall, Brooklyn. Gen. Henry W. Slocum, President. William A. Fowler, T. W. Adams, Daniel L. Northrup, Secretary; Julius W. Adams, Chief Engineer. KINGS COUNTY OFFICERS. County Clerk's Office, No. 15 County Court House Building. George G. Herman, County Clerk. George G. Barnard, Deputy Clerk. District Attorney's Office, No. 3 Court House Building. Winchester Britton, Distr Attorney. Sheriff's Office, No. 8 Court House Building. Albert Daggett, Sheriff. Lewis R. Stegman, Under Sheriff. Surrogate's Office, County Court House Building. William D. Vbeder, Surrogate. Judah B. Voorhees, Deputy Surrogate. John Courtney, Administration Clerk. County Treasurer, 13 Court House Building. Thomas A. Gardiner, Treasurer. James Gardiner, Deputy Treasurer. COURTS. United States District Court. Charles L. Benedict, Judge. Asa W. Tenney, District Attorney. Samuel R. Harlow, Marshal. Supreme Court, Room 19, Court House Building. Daniel P. Barnard, CJiief Justice. Pratt, Gilbert and Dykeman, Justices. General Terms and Special Terms are held Monthly. BROOKLYN CITY DEBT — DEPARTMENT OF CHARITIES. 233 County Court and Sessions. Henry A. Moore, Judge. Bernard J. York, Clerk. City Court of Brooklyn. Joseph Neilson, Chief Judge. AlexanderMcCue, [ j^^^^^^ George G. Reynolds George W. Knaebel, Clerk. Alden J. Spooner, AssH Clerk. Charles Thomas, Ass't Clerk. BROOKLYN CITY DEBT— 1875. Extract from the Annual Message of the Mayor of Brooklyn, dated Jan. 3, 1876. Statement, showing the Debt on the 31st of December, 1875 : Permanent Debt $26,063,000 Temporary Debt... 20,052,000 Tax Certificates of Indebtedness 2,379,000 $38,494,000 Less Sinking Fund 3,462,736 $35,031,264 Add Kings County Debt, for which the City is liable 3,739,300 Total Debt $38,770,464 Assessed Value of City Property $193, 000, 000 The Rate of Taxation in Brooklyn is determined by wards, and the figures for this year vary from $3.13 to $3.50 per $100. The average rate is $3.40 per cent. , or fifty cents on the $100 more than New York has to pay. REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CHARITIES, 1876. Statement of the Relief given to the out-door poor of the City of New York, during the past eight years : Year Money. Coal. Transportation. Total. 1868 $65,453 $37,474 $1,977 $104,904 1869 73,095 43,855 2,009 118,959 1870 77,987 22,299 1,719 103,005 1871 - 55,066 31,784 1,731 88,581 1872 34,704 25,597 1,694 61,995 1873 42,810 20,082 1,228 64,120 1874' 49,119 24,637 649 65,405 1875 r..-- 49,231 26,827 1,066 66,124 The Report showed that the per capita expense incurred in the mamtenance of the inmates of the several institutions during 1875, was less than m any pre- ceding year. In 1874 the average number supported was 10,289 ; in 1875, 10,387. 234 NEW YORK AS IT IS. OFFICIAL CENSUS OF BROOKLYN AND KING'S COUNTY-1875. The returns of the State Census of 1875 have been completed and distributed by the Secretary of State. They are tabulated in conjunction with the returns of the six previous censuses taken from 1845 to 1875 inclusive, in such a manner that the steady increase of population is immediately seen by comparison. The following Table shows the totals in King's County for the time named : Wards. 1840. 1845. 1850. 1855. 1860. : 1865. 1870. 1875. 1 2148 5447 3833 6827 7415 4043 4521 944 1054 4622 6903 5936 8819 9419 10651 9958 1369 1897 6062 8749 11032 13682 11536 6371 2585 3261 11782 12421 6441 8353 8900 12282 16352 18490 12523 5318 9133 21749 22213 6990 14044 12414 6559 15350 5508 2601 6967 9817 10084 11766 17400 27710 12096 9190 17343 25258 28851 11083 17958 15475 10566 21181 7934 4316 6697 6128 8760 8890 11506 17820 26407 15968 9829 23443 28668 18242 13085 17791 15425 11449 24379 10243 6053 8055 13980 6476 9117 9984 12087 20490 28296 22312 9592 15279 34592 21243 18302 18711 20649 18406 26438 17353 11607 16321 19179 27904 11761 16085 2 3 8861 15815 4 12616 5 lf-593 6 34074 7 o 26494 12127 9::::::::::::::;::::::::::: 13648 10 24867 11 1 21633 12 1 17526 13 19549 14 23926 15 , 21256 16 39212 17 24001 18 17459 19 21906 20 . i 21430 21 24834 22 17731 23 10010 24 5290 25 12982 Total Brooklyn 36233 59574 98838 205280 266661 296112 396099 484616 The changes of the Population in the County Towns are thus shown COUNTY TOWNS. 1855. 1860. 1865. 1870. 1875. Flatbush 3,280 1,578 1,256 2,261 2,730 3,471 1,652 1,286 3,271 2,781 2,778 1,904 1,627 5,009 3,394 6,309 2,286 2,131 9,800 3,296 4,968 Flatlands Gravesend New Lots 2,654 2,182 10,765 New Utrecht 3,805 Total towns 11,105 12,461 14,712 23,822 24,600 Total King's County, 1875 509,216. In the above totals for 1875 Brooklyn is credited with 2,691 persons in asylums, penal institutions, &c., and the county towns with 226 in the same or similar institutions. BANKS IN BROOKLYN. 235 NEWSPAPERS IN BROOKLYN. Daily. Brooklyn Daily Argus, 325 Washington Street. Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 32 and 34 Fulton Street. Brooklyn Union, Fulton corner Front Street. Brooklyn Times (Williamsburgh), 24 and 26 Broadway. Freie Presse (German), Myrtle Avenue. Weekly. Brooklyn Sunday Sun, Washington corner Johnson Street Brooklyn Review, 351 Fulton Street. South Brooklyn News, 449 Fifth Avenue. Association Advocate, Educational Journal. Monthly. Gallatin Place corner Fulton Street. BANKS IN THE CITY OF BROOKLYN. For Rules and Begulations, see New York City Banks. Atlantic, (State,) 49 Fulton street. Organized, 1872. Capital, $200,000. Par $100. George S. Puffer, President ; Oliver M. Denton, Cashier. Brooklyn, (State,) Fulton, corner Front. Incorporated, 1832. Organ- ized, 1859. Capital, $300,000. Par $50. George A. Thorne, President ; P. S. Henderson, Cashier. Commercial, (State,) 18 Court street. Organized, 1868. Capital, $180,000. Thomas D. Hudson, President ; John J. Vail, Cashier. First National, First street, corner Broadway, E. D. Organized, 1852. Capital, $500,000. Par $100. Nicholas Wyckoff, President; J. G. Jenkins, Cashier. Fulton, (State,) 361 Fulton street. Organized, 1870. Capital, $225,000. Edward A. Lambert, President; John A. Nexsen, Cashier. Long Island, (State,) 47 Fulton st. Organized, 1845. Capital, $400,000. Par $50. Wm. C. Fowler, President,- A. J. Beekman, Cashier. Manufacturers', (National,) 64 Broad- way, E. D. Capital, $252,000 Par $30. C. H. Fellows, President; T. C. Disbrow, Cashier. Mechanics, (State,) Court street, cor Montague. Organized, 1852. Capital, $500,000. Par $50. Dan'l Chauncey, President; Geo. W. White, Cashier. Mechanics and Traders, (State,) Greenpoint avenue, corner Franklin, (E. D.) Organized, 1867. A. K. Meserole, President; H. J. Oldering, jr.. Cashier. Nassau, (National,) 24 Court street. Capital, $300,000. Organized, 1859. Crawford C. Smith, President; Edgar T. Jones, Cashier. National City, 357 Fulton street. Capital, $300,000. Organized, 1850. John J. Studwell, President; Andrew A. Rowe, Cashier. 236 NEW YORK AS IT IS. BANKS FOR SAVINGS IN THE CITY OF BROOKLYN. Brooklyn, 217 Fulton street. Incor- porated in 1827. Assets, January 1, 1875, $13,457,443. Hosea Webster, President ; John A. Latimer, Account- ant. Bushwick, 823 Broadway. Incor- porated, 1868. Assets, $39,318. Joseph Liebman, President ; Samuel L. Car- lisle, Secretary. Dime, 367 Fulton street. Incorpor- ated, 1859. Assets, $7,661,200. Sey- mour L. Husted, President ; Charles Lowry, Secretary. Dime, of "Williamsburg, 48 Broad- way. Incorporated, 1864. Assets, $1,380,691. G. W. Kelsey, President ; Wm. Grandy, Secretary. East Brooklyn, 643 Myrtle Avenue. Assets, $809,872. Stephen Crowell, President ; Eugene F. Barnes, Secretary. Emigrant, 74 Court street. Incor- porated, 1863. Assets, $209,956. An- drew Dougherty, President ; Francis L. Dallon, Secretary. German, 92 Montrose Avenue. In- corporated, 1866. Assets, $1,447,168. John Raber, President ; Geo. S. Bishop, Cashier. Germania, 375 Fulton street. Incor- porated, 1867. Assets, $645,038. F. A. Schroeder, President ; Theo. Jiincke, Secretary. Note. — The total resources of uary 1, 1875, was $48,999,262. Greenpoint, 94 Franklin street. In- corporated, 1868. Assets, $571,705. Edw. F. Williams, President; R J. Whittemore, Secretary. Hamilton, 198 Remsen street. Incor- porated, 1867. Assets, $1,935. Chas. H. Collins, President. Kingg County, corner Broadway and Fourth street. Incorporated, 1860. Assets, $2,755,459. J. S. Beavers, President; A. B. Hodges, Secretary. Long Island, 342 and 344 Fulton st. Incorporated, 1865. Assets, $1,344,009. James M. Seabury, President ; Edward B. Fowler, Secretary. Mechanics', 111 Fulton street. In- corporated, 1871. Assets, $95,205. Thomas Brooks, President; Henry E. Hutchinson, Secretary. Park, corner Fulton and Oxford sts. Incorporated, 1868. Assets, $181,218. Daniel McCabe, President; R. A. Lind- say, Cashier. South Brooklyn, 160 Atlantic street. Incorporated, 1850. Assets„ $6 908,551. J. W. Green, President; Czar Dun- ning Secretary. Williamsburgh, 141 Fourth street. Incorporated, 1851. Assets, $11,309,- 732. Geerge Ricard, President ; John Broach, Secretary. the sixteen Savings' Banks of Brooklyn, Jan- THE LONG ISLAND SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY, Corner Fulton and Front Streets. BROOKLYN TRUST COMPANIES. Corner Montague and Clinton Sts. Chartered, 1866. Capital, $500,000. This Company is authorized by special charter to act as Receiver, Trustee or Guardian. Ripley Ropes, President. Chakles R. Marvin, Vice-President. Wm. R. Banker, Secretary. FIRE INSURANCE COMPANIES. See New York and Brooklyn Fire Insurance Companies, pages 211-215. CHUKCHES IN BKOOKLYN. 23T BROOKLYN YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION, Corner Fulton Street and Gallatin Place, Is a flourishing institution, occupying a fine suite of rooms,where are accommoda tions for religious services, lecture room, library and a reading room. The library contains about 8,000 volumes, and the reading room is supplied with Quarterlies, Monthlies, Weeklies and Dailies, regularly received. Officers for 1876. , President David H. Cochran, L.L. D., and others, Vice-Presidents, William W. Wicks, Treasurer. John T. Adams, Recording Secretary. Rev. William M. Martin, Superintendent. A. S. Emmons, Lihrarian. CHURCHES IN BROOKLYN. BAPTIST. Berean (colored), Warren, near Troy avenue. Central, Bridge, near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. John W. Sarles. Central (Williamsburg), South Fifth, corner of Eighth street; Rev. Christopher Rhodes. Clinton avenue, Armory Hall, Clermont avenue, near Myrtle avenue. Concord (colored), Canton street, near Park avenue ; Rev. Wm. T. Dixon. Consolidated American Baptist Missionary Convention, 1,003 St. Mark's ave- nue; Rev. Rufus L. Perry. East Brooklyn, Bedford avenue, near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. Hiram Hutchings. Fifth, Broadway, corner Eleventh street (E. D.); Rev. Mr. Oakley. First, Nassau, corner Liberty ; Rev. Jesse B. Thomas. First (Williamsburg), Fifth St., corner South Fifth (E. D.); Rev. Daniel Read. First German, Montrose avenue, near Union av. (E. D.); Rev. J. C. Grinnell. German Baptist, Twenty-second street, near Third avenue ; Rev. Carl Damm. Gethsemane, Willoughby avenue, near Broadway ; Rev. A. Stewart Walsh. Greenpoint, Noble street, near Union avenue (E. D.); Rev. D. Henry Miller. Greenwood, Fifteenth street, corner Fourth avenue ; Rev. Albert G. Lawson. Hanson place, Hanson place, corner South Portland avenue ; Rev. Justin D. Fulton Herkimer street, Herkimer st., corner Troy avenue ; Rev. Henry B. Warring. Lee avenue, Lee avenue, near Wilson (E. D.); Rev. J. Hyatt Smith. Marcy avenue, Marcy avenue, corner Madison street ; Rev. Reuben Jeffrey. Mount Olivet (colored), Montrose avenue, near Lorimer street (E. D.); Rev. J. R. Young. Pilgrim (Lefferts Park Mission), Van Buren, near Tompkins avenue ; Rev. Charles C. Callen. Sands Street Mission, Sands street, near Gold street; Rev. John Toomath. Second (Williamsburg), Ainslie street, near Graham avenue (E. D.); Rev. J. N. Folwell. Sixth avenue. Sixth avenue, corner Lincoln place. Strong place. Strong place, corner Degraw street ; Rev. Galuska Anderson. 238 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Strong Place Mission, Carroll place, near Hoyt street. Tabernacle Mission, 208 Hamilton avenue. Tabernacle, Clinton, corner Third place ; Rev. Thomas Rambaut. Trinity, Broadway, corner Ralph avenue ; Rev. J. L. Hodge. Union avenue, Greenpoint ; Rev. Hughes. Washington avenue, Washington av., corner Gates av.; Rev. D. Moore, Jr. CONGREGATIONAL. Atlantic Avenue Mission, Atlantic avenue, corner Grand avenue. Bethel of Plymouth Church, 15 Hicks street ; Rev. C. M. Morton. Central Tabernacle, Hancock street, near Franklin av.; Rev. H. M. Scudder. Clinton avenue, Clinton av., corner Lafayette av.; Rev. W. Ives Budington. Covenant, Classon avenue, corner Baltic street. Grand Avenue Mission, Grand avenue, near Myrtle av. ; S. L. Parsons, Sup't. Lee avenue, Lee avenue, corner Hewes street ; Rev. Edward Eggleston. Mayflower Mission, Jay street, near Sands street. Mediator, Rochester avenue, corner Herkimer street ; Rev. Bishop Falkner. New England, South Ninth street, near Sixth street (E. D.); Rev. John H. Lockwood. Pacific street. Pacific street, corner Clove road. Park, Sixth avenue, corner Seventh street. Pilgrims, Henry street, corner Remsen street ; Rev. Richard S. Storrs, Jr. Plymouth, Orange, near Hicks street ; Rev. Henry Ward Beecher. Puritan, Lafayette avenue, corner Marcy avenue ; Rev. C. H. Everest. South, President, corner Court street ; Rev. Albert J. Lyman. Union, Elm place, near Fulton ; Rev. Joseph Wild. Warren Street Mission, Warren St., near Hicks ; Rev. J. H. Cullen, D.D. JEWISH SYNAGOGUES. Ahavateh Acham, Johnson avenue, near Ewen st. (E. D.) ; Isaac Hess, Rabbi. Beth Elohim, South First street, corner Eighth st. (E. D.); Dr. Gross, Rabbi. Beth Jacob, 10th street, near South Fifth street (E. D.) Beth Elohim, Pearl, near Concord street ; George Brandenstein, Rabbi. Beth Israel, Boerum, corner State street. Temple Israel, Green avenue, near Carlton avenue ; R. Lasker, Rabbi. LUTHERAN. German (Fifth), Noble, near Franklin street, Greenpoint ; Rev. C. O. Kaselitz. St. John's (E. D.), Graham avenue, corner Ten Eyck; Rev. J. Weisel. St. John's, Prospect avenue, near Fifth avenue ; Rev. Helmuth Sommer. St. Luke's, Carlton avenue, near Myrtle av. ; Rev. J. H. Baden. St. Mark's, Evergreen avenue, corner Jefferson ; Rev. Emile Frey. St. Matthew's, North Fifth street, between Fifth and Sixth streets (E. D.), Rev. J. H. Vosseler, St. Matthew's (English), Atlantic avenue, near Third avenue ; Rev. Stewart Hartman. St. Paul's, South First street, corner Ninth st. (E. D.); Rev. M. Wrage. St. Paul's, Columbia, near Summit street ; Rev. Robert Neumann. St. Peter's, Wallworth, corner De Kalb avenue ; Rev. Charles Goehling. Zion, Henry, near Clark street; Rev. T. W. T. Steimle. CHURCHES IN BROOKLYN. 239 METHODIST EPISCOPAL. NORTH LONG ISLAND DISTRICT. Rev. C. B. Sing, Presiding Elder ; Residence, 84 Quincey street. Broadway Mission, Kosciusko street, n. Broadway : Rev. R. P. Christopher. Central South Fifth, cor. Fifth street (E. D.), Rev. B. M. Adams. Cook street, Cook, cor. Bushwick avenue (E, D.) ; Rev. G. H. Andrews. De Kalb avenue, De Kalb avenue, near Franklin avenue ; Rev. S. H. Piatt. Gothic, Grand, corner Ewens street (E. D.) ; Rev. W. J. Robinson. Grand street. Grand street, corner E wen (E. D.); Rev. C. S. Wing. Greenpoint, Union avenue, near Java street (E. D.) ; Rev. W. W. Clark. Greenpoint Tabernacle, Greenpoint; Rev. T. H. Burch. John Wesley, Tompkins avenue, cor. Willoughby avenue ; Rev. C. B. Ford. Leonard street, Conselyea, corner Leonard street (E. D.) ; Rev. S. C. Keeler. North Fifth street, North Fifth, near Fourth street (E. D.); Rev. C. P. Corner. Park Avenue Mission. Simpson, Clermont avenue, corner Willoughby avenue; Rev. W. R. Davis. South Second street, South Second street, near Fifth (E. D.) ; Rev. J. Pegg, Jr. South Third st.. South Third (corner Union av., E. D.); Rev. J. Simmons. St. John's, Bedford avenue, corner Wilson street (E. D.) ; Rev. H. W. Warren. Summerfield, Washington avenue, corner Green avenue ; Rev. A. H. Hyatt. Tompkins avenue, Tompkins avenue, corner Madison ; Rev. F. Brown. SOUTH LONG ISLAND DISTRICT. Rev. C Fletcher, Presiding Elder. Carroll Park, Rev. W. W. Bowdish. Eighteenth street. Eighteenth street, near Fifth avenue ; Rev. P. C. Putney. Embury, Herkimer street, near Schenectady avenue ; Rev. C. E. Miller. First place. First place, corner Henry street ; Rev. J. W. Barnhart. Fleet street, Fleet, corner Lafayette ; Rev. Wm. C. Steele. Green avenue. Green avenue, near Tompkins avenue ; Rev. F. M. Mare. Hanson place, Hanson place, corner St. Felix ; Rev. G. E. Reed. Janes, Reid avenue, near Gates avenue ; Rev. J. H. Stransbury. Johnson street, Johnson, corner Jay street ; Rev. J. L. Hall. Nathan Bangs, Clove road, corner Butler street. New York avenue. New York avenue, corner Herkimer street ; Rev. G. L. Westgate. Nostrand avenue, Nostrand avenue, near Quincy street ; Rev. C. M. Griffin. Pacific street, Pacific, near Clinton ; Rev. A. S. Hunt. Sands street. Sands, near Fulton street ; Rev. George Taylor. Scandinavian Chapel, Dean street, near Fifth avenue ; Rev. A. Erickson. Seventh avenue. Seventh avenue, corner Butler street ; Rev. E. J. Haynes. Swedish, Rev. A. Erickson. Warren street, Warren, near Smith street ; Rev. J. Parker. Washington street, Washington street, near Tillary street ; Rev. D. A. Good- sell William Street Bethel Mission, William, near Van Brunt ; Rev. C. K. Fanning. York street, York, corner Gold street ; Rev. J. L. Gilder. 240 NEW YORK AS IT IS. METHODIST EPISCOPAL (COLORED.) Bethel, Schenectady avenue, corner Dean ; Rev. Deaton Dorrell. First Bethel, Frost, near Lorimer street (E. D.) ; Rev. Deaton Dorrell. Fleet street Bethel, Fleet street, near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. Robert Wayman. Wesleyan, Bridge, near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. Wm. H. W. Winder. Zion, South Third, corner Eleventh street (E. D.) ; Rev. Nathaniel Stubbs. METHODIST EPISCOPAL (GERMAN.) First German, Stagg, corner Lorimer street ; Rev. H. Ka,stendick. Wyckoff street, Wyckoff street, near Smith ; Rev. C. F. Grimm. METHODIST NON-EPISCOPAL. First, Grand, near Fifth street (E. D.) Second, Graham avenue, near Withers street (E. D.) ; Rev. A. J. Conklin. Third, Evergreen avenue, near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. J. Smith, D. D. Primitive, Park avenue, near Canton street ; Rev. Fred. Bell. PRESBYTERIAN. Ainslie street, Ainslie, corner Ewen street (E. D.) ; Rev. J. M. Buchanan. Bethlehem Mission, 631 Fulton street ; T. Brett, superintendent. Brooklyn Tabernacle, Schermerhorn, near Nevins ; Rev. T. DeWittTalmage. Calvary, North Fifth street, near Fifth (E. D.) ; Rev. Mr. Wilson. City Park Mission, Concord, near Hudson avenue ; Rev. Charles Wood. Classon avenue, Classon avenue, cor Monroe street ; Rev. Joseph T. Duryea. First, Henry, near Clark street ; Rev. Norman Seaver. First, Remsen, corner Clinton street ; Rev. H. J. Van Dyke. First, (Reformed), Duffield near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. Nevin Woodside. First, Williamsburg, S. Fourth, corner Sixth street, (E. D.) Franklin Avenue, Franklin av. , near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. Sam'l P. Halsey. French, 398 Fulton street ; Rev. F. B. Richard. Fort Greene, Cumberland, near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. A. McLelland. Gates Avenue, (closed). Gates avenue, corner Irving place. German, Leonard, corner Stagg street, (E. D.) . Rev. John Neander. Greenpoint, Noble street, near Union place ; Rev. William H. Taylor. Hopkins street (German), Hopkins, near Throop av. ; Rev. John Menry. Lafayette Avenue, Lafayette av. , cor. S. Oxford st. ; Rev. Theodore L. Cuyler. Memorial, Warren st., near Fifth avenue ; Rev. Thomas Crowther. Reformed, Ninth, near Hope, (E. D.) Reformed, Lafayette avenue, corner Ryerson street ; Rev. John H. Boggs. Ross Street, (E. D.), Ross st., bet. Bedford av. and Lee av. ; Rev. Mr. Crosby. Second, Clinton, near Fulton street ; Rev. A. Crosby. Second Reformed (Williamsburg), S. Second, n. Fourth ; Rev. Sam'l Moffett. Second United, Atlantic avenue, cor. Bond street. Siloam (col'd). Prince street, near M3a-tle avenue ; Rev. A. N. Freeman. South, Clinton street, corner Amity street ; Rev. Alexander Reed. South Third street, S. Third st., cor. Fifth st., (E. D.); Rev. John D. Wells. Tompkins Avenue, Tompkins avenue, corner McDonough. Throop Avenue, Throop avenue, cor. Willoughby av. ; Rev. L. R. Foote. Westminster, Clinton, near First place ; Rev. J. Clement French. CHUKCHES IN BROOKLYN. 241 PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. All Saints, Fifth avenue, near Ninth street ; Rev. C. H. Bixby. Ascension (Greenpoint), Kent av., near Union av. ; Rev. T. W. Haskins. Atonement, Fifth avenue, cor. Seventeeth street; Rev. William Hyde. Calvary, S. Ninth, corner Eighth street, (E. D.) ; Rev. Francis Peck. Christ, Bedford avenue, near Clymer street, (E. D.);Rev. Alfred Partrige. Christ, Clinton, corner Harrison street ; Rev. L. W. Bancroft. Church of our Saviour, Clinton, corner Luquer street. Cutler Memorial, in Old St. Ann's, "Washington street, near Sands street. Emanuel, President St., corner Smith; Rev. H. B. Walbridge. Evangelist, Bergen street, near Sixth avenue. Good Shepherd, McDonough, near Stuyvesant av. ; Rev. Henry B. Cornwell. Grace, Brooklyn Heights, Grace court, cor. Hicks st. ; Rev. Wm. A. Snively. Grace Chapel, High, near Gold street; Rev. W. M. William. Grace, Conselyea, near Lorimer street (E. D.); Rev. William S. Chad well Guion, Greene avenue, near Marcy avenue; Rev. F. C. Carter. Holy Trinity Mission, 120 Myrtle avenue ; Rev. William Short. Holy Trinity, Clinton street, cor. Montague street ; Rev. Charles H. Hall. Mediator, Ormond place, cor. Jefferson street; Rev. T. F. Cornell. Messiah, Greene avenue, corner Clermont avenue ; Rev. Charles R. Baker. Redeemer, Church of The, Pacific St., cor. Fourth av. ; Rev.Wm, A. Leonard. Red Hook Mission Chapel; Rev. J. Lee. Reformation, Gates avenue, near Classon avenue; Rev. John S. Bacchus. St. Ann's, Clinton st, corner Livingston street ; Rev. Noah Hunt Schenck. St. Barnabas, Bushwick avenue, near Kossuth place; Rev. Henry E. Hovey. St. James, Hall street, corner Lafayette avenue ; Rev. Charles W. Homer. St. John's, St. Johns' place, corner Seventh avenue; Rev. T. E. Pycott. St. Luke's, Clinton avenue, near Fulton street ; Rev. Jacob W. Diller. St. Mark's, Adelphi street, bet. Willoughby av. and DeKalb av. ; Rev. W. T. Fitch. St. Mark's, Fourth, cor. S. Fifth street, (E. D.); Rev. Samuel Haskins. St. Mary's, Classon avenue, near Myrtle avenue ; Rev. Daniel V. M. Johnson. St. Matthew's, Throop av., cor. Pulaski avenue; Rev. Charles S. WilHams. St. Paul's, Carroll street, near Hicks street; Rev. T. S. Drowne. St. Paul's, Penn street, corner Marcy avenue, (E. D.): Rev. N. Maynard. St. Peter's, State street, near Bond street; Rev. John A. Paddock. St. Peter's, Chapel, Wyckoff street, near Bond street; Rev. William Burnett. St. Stephen's, Patchen avenue, corner Jefferson ; Rev. J. A. Nock. St. Thomas' Chapel, Bushwick av., cor. Cooper av. ; Rev. Cornelius L. Twing. REFORMED CHURCH. Bedford avenue Bedford avenue, cor. Clymer (E. D.) ; Rev. E. S. Porter. Bethany Chapel, Hudson avenue, near Myrtle av. ; Rev. John Y. Griswold. Centennial Mission, Third avenue, cor. Wyckoff, East Bedford avenue, cor. Madison street ; Rev. J. Halsted Carroll. First (Brooklyn) Joralemon street, near Court street. First (Williamsburg), Bushwick avenue, near N. Second (E. D.) ; Rev. Stephen H. Meeker. German, New Brooklyn ; Rev. C. F. C. Luckow. Greenpoint, Kent avenue, tear Union avenue ; Rev. Mr. Francis. 242 NEW YOEK AS IT IS. Heights Church, on Pierrepont street, near Monroe place ; Rev. David Inglis. Middle, Harrison, cor. Tompkins place ; Rev. E. P. IngersoU. North, Clermont avenue, near Myrtle avenue ; Rev, Alexander R. Thompson. South B-ushwick, Bush wick av., near De Kalb av. ; Rev. George D. Hults. South Gowanus, Third avenue, cor. Fourth street ; Rev. John H. Manning. Twelfth street ; Rev. Nehemiah P. Pierce. Union avenue (German), Union avenue, cor. Scholes st. ; Rev. J. M. Wagner. ROMAN CATHOLIC. Right Rev. John Loughlin, Bishop. * All Saints, Throop avenue, cor. Thornton street ; Rev. A. Arnold. Annunciation B. V. M. (German), N. Fifth, cor. Seventh street (E. D.) ; Rev. John Hauptman. Assumption of The B. V. M. , York st. , cor. Jay st. ; Rev. William Keegan. Holy Trinity (German) Montrose avenue, near Ewen st. ; Rev. Michael May. Immaculate Conception of V. B. M., Leonard, cor. Maujer street ; Rev. John R. McDonald. Nativity, Classon avenue, cor. Madison ; Rev. M. J. Moran. Our Lady of Mercy, Debevoise, near De Kalb avenue ; Rev. James McElroy. Our Lady of Victory, Throop avenue, bet. McDonough and Macon street ; Rev. P. Creighton. Sacred Heart, Clermont avenue, near Park avenue ; Rev. Thomas McGivern. St. Alphonsus (German), Kent, near Union place ; Rev. W. Guhl. St. Anne's, Front street, cor. Gold street ; Rev. Bartholomew Gleeson. St. Anthony's, India street (E. D.) ; Rev. William Lane. St. Augustine, Fifth avenue, cor. Bergen ; Rev. Louis Rhatigan. St. Barnard's Chapel (German), Hamilton avenue, near Hicks street ; Rev. John Ammann. St. Benedict (German), Fulton st., near Ralph av. ; Rev, Michael Koehren. St. Bonifacius (German) Duffield, near Willoughby st. ; Rev. Peter De Berge. St. Cecilias, Herbert, cor. N. Henry street (E. D.) ; Rev. Florence McCarthy. St. Charles Borromeo, Sidney place, cor. Livingston street ; Rev. Francis J. Freel, D.D. St. Francis, Putnam avenue, near Bedford av. ; Rev. Nicholas Butler, O. S. B. St. Francis De Sales, 1575 Broadway (E. D.) ; Rev. H. Leneuf. St. James' Cathedral, Jay, cor. Chapel ; Rt. Rev. John Loughlin, Bishop, Very Rev. John F. Turner. St. John's, Fifth avenue, cor. Twenty-first street ; Rev. James O'Beirne. St. John the Baptist, Willoughby avenue, bet. Lewis avenue and Stuyvesant avenue ; Rev. J. Malony, C. M. St. Joseph's, Pacific street, near Vanderbilt avenue ; Rev. Edward Corcoran. St. Leonard of Paul Maurice, Hamburgh avenue, cor. Jefferson (E. D.) ; Rev. John J. Raber. St. Louis (French), McKibben, near Leonard street ; Rev. Julius JoUon. St. Mary's Star of the Sea, Court, cor. Luquer street ; Rev. Eugene Cassidy. St. Michael's, Fourth av., cor. Forty-second street; Rev. J. O'Connell, D.D. St. Nicholas (German), Powers, cor, Oliver (E. D.); Rev. J. Peine. St. Patrick's, Kent avenue, cor. Willoughby avenue ; Rev. T. Taaffe. St. Paul's, Court, cor. Congress street; Rev. R. J. Maguire. CHUKCHES IN BEOOKLTN. 243 St. Peter's, Hicks, cor. Warren street; Eev. Joseph Fransioli. St. Peter's and St. Paul's, Second, n. S. Second st. (E D.); Rev. S. Malone. St. Stephen's, Carroll, n. Hicks; Rev. Edward O'Reilly. St. Theresa's, Classon avenue, cor. Butler street ; Rev. Joseph McNamee St. Vincent De Paul, N. Sixth st., n. Fifth (E. D.); Rev. Martin Carrol. Transfiguration, Marcy avenue; Rev. John Fagen. Visitation of B. V. M., Ewen, n. Van Brunt; Rev. Timothy OTarrell. UNITARIAN. Church of the Saviour, Pierrepont, n. Monroe place; Rev. Alfred P. Putnam. New Chapel, Clinton, cor. Congress ; Rev. J. W. Chadwick. Third, Classon av., cor. Lefferts; Rev. S. H. Camp. UNIVERSALISTS. Centenary Chapel, Nostrand avenue, near DeKalb. Our Father, Church of, Clermont av., n. Atlantic av. ; Rev. H. R. Ney. Reconciliation, Noble street, near Franklin street. All Souls' Church, Fourth, cor. S. Third st. (E. D;) Rev. A. Gunnison. MISCELLANEOUS. All Souls, Episcopal, Pierrepont, cor. Clinton st. ; Rev. George B. Porteous. Our Mission, 416 Adelphi street. Brooklyn Society of New Jerusalem, Monroe place, cor. Clark street; Rev. J. C. Ager. Church of the Incarnation, 266 Cumberland; Rev. W. H. Reid. Church of the People, State, n. Hoyt street; Rev. Hugh Pentecost. Columbia Mission, Columbia, n. Summit; Rev. Joseph West. English Evangelical, Clinton, n. Fulton ; Rev. T. B. Richard. Free Methodist, Third avenue, cor. Twenty-first street; Rev. Mr. Gould. Friends' Meeting-house (Orthodox), Washington av. , cor. Lafayette av. German Evangelical, Schermerhorn, n. Court street. Seaman's Friend Society, President, n. Hamilton avenue; Rev. E. O. Bates. Tabernacle Free College, Schermerhorn, n. Nevins. The Gospel, Lincoln pi., n. Sixth avenue; Rev. Joseph B. Cleaver. Union Chapel, 106 N. Third street (E. D.); Rev. Wm. H. Johnson. Union Methodist Mission, 257 Grand street (E. D.) United Brethren (Protestant Episcopal Moravian), Jay, n. Myrtle avenue; Rev. Mr. Schultz. CEMETERIES OF BROOKLYN SUBURBS. GREENWOOD, the oldest and most noted of all the New York cemeteries, is situated on Gowanus Heights, Brooklyn, and about two and one half miles from South Ferry, and contains 413 acres of land, purchased of over 60 different owners. The surface has been graded at immense expense ; the entrance ways are marked with rich adornments, and the whole grounds are encircled with an iron fence. It contains 17 miles of carriage roads, and 15 miles of foot-paths, most of which, covered with concrete, are always free from dust, mud, and 244 NEW YORK AS IT IS. weeds. The grounds are adorned with finely-wrought vaults, and with over 2,000 monuments, some of which have cost large fortunes. The monuments of Charlotte Canda, De Witt Clinton, D. H. Lewis, and Col. Vosburgh are among the most imposing. About 185,000 interments have been made in these grounds, and the annual income from the sale of lots exceeds $300,000. Cypress Hill is situated on Long Island, north of the Brookljrn and Jamaica turnpike, is partly in Kings and partly in Queens Counties, and about five miles from the ferry near Peck Slip. The grounds comprise about 400 acres, con- taining large natural forests. The views from the elevations in this cemetery are very extensive. Brooklyn, New York, Jersey City, and the Palisades, to the west and north are spread out with panoramic grandeur ; while to the south, as far as the eye can extend, roll the blue waves of the Atlantic, bounded by the horizon. Over 100,000 interments have been made here since 1848, includ- ing the remains of 4,060 soldiers of the late war. The Cemetery op the Evergreens is situated three miles east of Willims- burgh. It is a large and beautiful plot, with variegated surface and scenery. Calvary was laid out in August, 1848, at Newtown, Long Island, and con- tains 75 acres. It is the consecrated burial-ground of Roman Catholics, 200,000 bodies having already been interred here. STREET RAILROADS IN BROOKLYN. Brooklyn City Railroad Company. ROUTES: East New York Line.— Fulton Ferry to East New York, via Fulton street. Returning by same route. Flatbush Line.— Fulton Ferry to Flatbush, via Fulton street and Flatbush avenue. Returning by same route. Flushing Avenue Line.— Fulton Ferry to Van Cott Avenue, via Fulton and Sands streets, Hudson and Flushing avenues, Broadway and Graham av- enue, to Van Cott. Returning by same route. FuRMAN Street Line.— Fulton Ferry to Hamilton Ferry, via Furman, Col- umbia and Sacket streets. Returning by same route. Gates Avenue Line, — Fulton Ferry to Broadway, via Fulton street, and Greene, Franklin and Gates avenues. Returning by same route. Greenpoint Line, No. 1. — Fulton Ferry to Greenpoint, via Fulton street. Myrtle, Classon and Kent avenues, and First, Franklin and Commercial streets. Returning by same route. Greenpoint Line, No, 2. — Fulton Ferry to Greenpoint, via Fulton street. Myrtle, Washington and Kent avenues, and First, Franklin and Commercial streets. Returning by same route. Greenwood Line, No. 1.— Fulton Ferry to Greenwood, via Fulton and Court streets, Hamilton and Third avenues and Twenty-fourth street. Return- ing by same route. NEW YORK AND BROOKLYN BRIDGE COMPANY. 245 Greenwood Line, No. 2.— Fulton Ferry to Greenwood, via Fulton street Flatbush and Third avenues and Twenty-fourth st. Returning by same route! Hamilton Avenue Line.— Hamilton Ferry to Fort Hamilton via "Hamilton and Third avenues. Returning by same route. Myrtle Avenue Line.— Fulton Ferry to Broadway, via Fulton street and Myrtle avenue. Returning by same route. Putnam Avenue Line.— Via Fulton and Putnam avenues, and Halsey street. The above Company controls twelve routes, extending through 43 miles of streets and avenues. The building Street Railroads in Brookljrn commenced in 1855, now extend- ing to almost every section of the city. railroad lines, 1876. New Willia/msburgh and Flatbush Line. Brooklyn and Coney Island Line. Grand Street and Newtown Line. Brooklyn Cross-Town, to Hunter's Point. North Second Street and Middle Village. Prospect Park and Coney Island. Van Brunt Street and Erie Basin. Hoyt, Sackett and Bergen Street Line. The Broadway, to East New York. Grand Street, Prospect Park and Flat- hush. South Fourth Street and Bushwick Line. Brooklyn and Newtown Line. Atlantic Avenue and Greenwood Line. BROOKLYN ELEVATED RAILROAD COMPANY. The Directors announce that they will begin the construction of the road be- fore June 1, 1876, as their charter requires. The route will be from Washington and Sands streets, thence through York street to Hudson avenue, to Park avenue Grand avenue, Lexington avenue to Marion street and Broadway, and thence to East New York and Woodhaven, L, I. Extract from the Report of the Board of Trustees of the NEW YORK AND BROOKLYN BRIDGE COMPANY— 1876. THE original ESTIMATE OF THE COST OF THE BRIDGE. The first estimate was made in 1867, by the late John A. Roebling, Esq., its designer and first engineer, for a structure 80 feet wide and 130 feet above high water, exclusive of the land, as follows : Suspended superstructure $2,787,972 Anchorage, including excavation, plates and chains 795, 424 Foundation of Brooklyn tower 355,400 Foundation of New York tower — Pile foundation $899,087 00 Brick foundation 727,294 32 The latter was adopted 727,294 Two towers 1,409,820 Approaches 742,516 Engines and machinery 40, 000 Toll-houses and gateways 20,000 246 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Engineering 150,000 Contingencies 299,781 To tlie foregoing sums, amounting to $7,328,207 32, was added eight per cent, for additional width to 85 feet, and height to 135 feet, as required for the latter, before commencing the bridge, by the Sec- retary of War, under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1869 __ 586,250 Total for structure $7,914,457 ESTIMATE FOR LAND. For land in New York then yet to be taken $2,401,978 00 For land in Brooklyn.. 520,394 00 Making in both cities $2,922,372 00 There had been taken previously land not embraced in the forego- ing amount, costing 735,478 83 Making the total estimate of land required for the purpose of the bridge $3,657,850 83 Which sum, added to $7,914,457 for the structure, made the entire cost of the bridge as first estimated 11,572,287 00 EXPENDITURES. The total expenditures, January 1, 1876, were $5,954,910 00 Amount still wanted to complete the structure, &c 7,217,030 00 WHOLE COST OF THE BRIDGE AS NOW ESTIMATED. Amount already expended $5,954,910 00 Existing liabilities for materials delivered and charges, as per schedule B 92,913 00 Total 6,047,823 00 Less cash and materials on hand 145, 278 00 Whole amount expended $5,902,545 00 To be expended as above 7,217,030 00 Total $13,119,575 00 "In conclusion, I may add that if the means be promptly furnished the bridge can be entirely finished and open for public travel, and begin to be remunerative in the Summer or Fall of 1879. True economy, in the prosecution of the work, is to push it forward, with all the speed that a due regard to its proper construc- tion will permit It will open a new thoroughfare for half a million of people to the centre of business and intelligence in this great Metropolis of the nation — where it is already fixed by the erection of public buildings, both national and municipal, and by grand edifices devoted by private enterprise to financial, tele- graphic and journalistic purposes. It will practically unite the two cities, and contribute to the convenience, comfort and safety of that portion of the commu- nity which will use it in their daily avocations, and be a worthy monument of the foresight as well as the greatness of New York. If made perfectly free for AVENUES AND STREETS IN BROOKLYN. 247 travel it will yet be self-sustaining, and without expense in the future for its maintenance, by receipts of the railway, which will carry over it, for a trifling charge, such as may be disposed to avail themselves of it ; while the entire cost to the City of New York will not, in any possible contingency, including all the " vast sums " already contributed, amount to $5,000,000. Respectfully submitted, HENRY C. MURPHY. President Board of Trustees." THE BLACKWELL'S ISLAND BRIDGE. The Bridge which it is proposed .to lay across the East River at Blackwell's Island will be commenced early in the Spring, (1876,) and the calculation is that it will be completed in the course of two years. Its New York end will be at Third Avenue and Seventy-seventh Street. It will be carried from this point to the East River, a distance of 3,000 feet ; thence across the River to the Island, 700 feet, which will be its largest span. It will then pass across the Island and over the River to the Long Island side. This latter span will be nearly 600 feet. On this side the approach will begin on Astoria Heights. Its entire length will be a mile and three-quarters. The Bridge will be of iron and of the truss order; and in consequence of the heights of the span above high water, a draw will be unnecessary. A road for steam cars, besides that for the ordinary traffic, will be one of the features of the structure. Its estimated cost is $2,000,000. AVENUES AND STREETS IN BROOKLYN. Aberdeen street, from Broadway, east to Evergreen Cemetery. Adams street, from East River, south to Fulton street. Adams street (E.D.), from Broadway, northeast to Evergreen avenue. Adelphi street, from Flushing avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. Agate street, from Grand street, south to Mauger street. Ainslie street, from Eighth street, east to Bushwick avenue. Albany avenue, from Decatur, south to City line. Amity street, from East River, east to Court street. Amos street, from Kingsland avenue, east to Newtown Creek. Ann street, from Commercial street, northwest to Newtown Creek. Anthony street, from Morgan avenue, east to Newtown Creek. Apollo street, from Meeker avenue, north to Newtown Creek. Arlington place, from Halsey street, south to Fulton street. Ash street, from Union place, east to Oakland street. Atlantic avenue, fi'om East River, southeast to City Line. Atlantic Dock, bounded by Com. wharf, Clinton wharf. Buttermilk Chan- nel and India wharf. Auburn place, from Canton street, southeast to North Portland avenue. Bainbridge street, from Yates avenue, ea t to Broadway. Baltic street, from East River, east to Fifth avenue. Bancroft place, from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue. Banker street, from Union avenue, north to Franklin street. Banzett street, from Maspeth avenue, north to Beadel street. Barbarine Court,- from Lawrence place, west half block. NEW YORK AS IT IS. Bartlett street, Bay street, Bayard street, Beach place, Beadel street, Beaver street, Bedford street, Bedford avenue, Belvidere street, Bennett street, Benton street, Bergen street, Bergen Point, Bleeker street, Boerum street, Boerum place, Bogart street, Bolivar street, Bompjes HookWh'f , Bond street, Bowen street, Box street. Brant street, Braxton street, Bremen street, Brevoort place. Bridge street, Bridgerd street, Bridgewater street, Broadway Brooklyn avenue, Broome street, Bryant street, Buffalo avenue. Bullion street. Burr place. Bush street, Bushwick avenue, Butler street, Calhoun street, Calyer street, Cambridge place, Canal street. Canton street, Carlton avenue, Carroll street, Carroll Park, Catharine street. Cedar street, Central avenue. Central place, from Flushing avenue, northeast to Broadway. from Otsego street, southeast to Gowanus Bay. from Union avenue, east to Humboldt street. from Degraw street, southwest to Sackett street, from Kingsland avenue, east to Newtown Creek. from Flushing avenue, southeast to Bushwick avenue. from Raymond street, southeast to Division street. from Division avenue, southeast and south to City Line. from Broadway, northeast to Beaver street. from Kingsland avenue, east to Newtown Creek. from Kingsland avenue, east to Newtown Creek. ' from Court street, east to City Line. foot of 48th and 49th streets. from Bushwick avenue, northeast to City Line. from Broadwa}^ east to Bogart street. from Fulton street, south to Bergen street. from Flushing avenue, north to Meadow street. from Fleet street, east to Canton street. from Clinton street, northwest to Otsego street. from Fulton street, south to Canal street. from Columbia, northwest to Conover street. from Commercial street, east to Oakland street. from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek. from 1st avenue, southeast to City Line. from Bushwick avenue, north to Flushing avenue. from Atlantic avenue, east to Bedford avenue. from East River, south to Fulton street. from Sands street, southeast to Navy street. from Meeker avenue, northwest to Front street. from East River to City Line. from Fulton street, south to City Line. from Graham avenue, southeast to Humboldt street. from Otsego street, southeast to Gowanus Bay. from Fulton street, south to City Line. from Kingsland avenue, east to Newtown Creek, from Prospect st, bet. Bushwick av. and Bremar, s i block. from Dwight street, southeast to Smith street, from Skillman av. , south and southeast to Evergreen Cem. from Court, southeast and east to City Line. from Morgan avenue, east to Stewart avenue from East River, east to Sutton street. from Green avenue, south to Fulton street. from foot Bond street, runs east and west 1-J- blocks. from Flushing avenue, south to Willoughby street. from Flushing avenue, south to Flatbush avenue. from Hamilton avenue, southeast to City Line. ^ bounded by Court, Smith, President and Carroll streets. from Grand street, north to Metropolitan avenue. from Bushwick avenue, northeast to Central avenue. from Flushing avenue, southeast to Evergreen Cemetery. from Greene avenue, southeast to Grove street. AVENUES AND STREETS IN BROOKLYN. 249 Centre street, Chapel street, Charles street, Charles place, Charlick street, Chauncey street, Cheever place. Cherry street. Chestnut street. Church street. City Park, Clark street, Classon avenue. Clay street, Clermont avenue, Clinton street, Clinton avenue, Clinton wharf, Clymer street. Coles street. College place, Columbia street, Columbia Heights, Columbia place, Columbia wharf, Columbus place. Commerce street. Commercial street, Commercial wharf. Concord street, Concord place. Congress street, Conover street, * Conselyea street, Conway street, Cook street. Cooper street. Cooper place, Cornelia street, Cornell's alley. Court street, Covert street. Covert avenue. Cranberry street, Cross street. Crown street, Cuba street, Cumberland street, Curran square. Cypress avenue. Dean street. from Columbia, southeast to Gowanus Canal. from Jay street, east to Bridge street. from York street, south to Sands street. E. D. from Myrtle avenue, north -J block. from Front street, northeast to Newtown Creek. from Fulton street, east to Broadway. from Harrison street, southwest to Degraw street. from Vandervoort avenue, east to Newtown Creek. from Bushwick avenue, northeast to City Line. from Columbia street, southeast to Smith. bounded by Flushing av., Navy, Park av. and Canton st. from Columbia Heights, east to Fulton street. from Kent av., south and southwest to Washington avenue. from Commercial street, east to Paidge avenue. from Flushing avenue to Atlantic avenue. from Fulton street, southwest to Gowanus Bay. from Flushing avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. Atlantic dock, from Commercial to North pier. from Wallabout canal, northeast to Lee avenue. from Columbia street, southeast to Henry street. from Love lane, northeast half block. from Atlantic avenue, south to Gowanus Bay. from Fulton street, south to Pierrepont street. from Joralemon street, south to Atlantic avenue. foot of Columbia street. from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue. from Columbia street, northwest to Conover street. from Dupont, northeast to Union place. Atlantic dock from India wharf, south to William street. from Fulton street, east to Navy street. from Concord street, between Prince and Hudson streets. from East River, east to Court street. from Hamilton avenue, southwest to New York Bay. from Union avenue, east to Humboldt street. from Broadway, northeast to Evergreen Cemetery. from Broadway, east to Bogart street. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Gold street, east to Green lane. from Fulton street, south to Gowanus Bay. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. ^ from Seneca avenue, southeast to City Line. from Columbia Heights, east to Fulton street. from Kent avenue, west to Wallabout Channel. from Washington avenue, southeast and east to City Line. from Otsego, southeast to Court street. from Flushing avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. junction of Flatbush av., Raymond st. and Hanson place. from Johnson avenue, southeast to City Line. from Court street to City Line. 250 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Debevoise street, from Broadway, east to Bushwick avenue. Debevoise place, from Fleet street, south to DeKalb avenue. Decatur street, from Tompkins avenue, east to Broadway. Degraw street, from East River, southeast to City Line. DeKalb avenue, from Fulton street, east to Broadway. DeKalb place, from Broadway, northeast to Bushwick avenue. Delevan street, from Columbia street, northwest to Van Brunt. Delmonico place, from Flushing avenue, southeast to Park avenue. Dennet place, from Luqueer street, south to Nelson street. Devoe street, from Union avenue, east to Morgan avenue. Diamond street, from Van Cott avenue, north to Greenpoint avenue. Dick street, from Commercial, northwest to Newtown Creek. Dickinson street, from Morgan avenue, east to Newtown Creek. Dikeman street, from Otsego, northwest to New York Bay. Ditmars street, from Broadway, northeast to Myrtle avenue. Division street, from Canton, southwest to Myrtle avenue. Division avenue, from East River, east to Broadway. Division place, from Kingsland avenue, east to Newtown Creek. Dixon's alley, from York street, south to Sands street. Dobbin street, from North Fifteenth street, to Calyer street. Dock street, frbm East River, south to Front street. Dodsworth street, from Broadway, northeast to Bushwick avenue. Doughty street, from Furman street, east to Hicks street. Douglass street, from Court street, southeast to City Line. Downing street, from Quincy street, south to Fulton street. Duck street, from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek. Duffleld street, from Nassau street, south to Fulton street. Duffield terrace, east side Duffield street, near Johnson street. Dunham place, from Broadway, northeast to South Sixth street. Dupont street, from East River, east to Paidge avenue. Duryea street, from Broadway, northeast to City Line. Dwight street, from Columbia street, southwest to Elizabeth street. Eagle street, from East River, east to Paidge avenue., Eckford street, from NewtOAvn, north to Greenpoint avenue. Eldert street, from Broadway, northeast to City Line. Elizabeth street, from Otsego street, northwest to New York Bay. Elizabeth place, from Fulton street, southwest to Doughty street. • Ellery street, from Nostrand avenue, east to Beaver street. Elm street, from Bushwick avenue, northeast to City I^ine. Elm place, from Fulton street, southwest to Livingston street. Emery street, from Paidge avenue, north to Newtown Creek. Emmett street, from Atlantic avenue, south to Amity street. Evans street, from Hudson avenue, east to Navy Yard. Eve street, from Commercial street, northwest to Newtown Creek. Evergreen avenue, from Cook street, southeast to Evergreen Cemetery. Ewen street, from Broadway, north to Newtown Creek. Fair street, from Prince, east to Fleet place. Fairfax street, from Elizabeth street, northeast to City Line. Fayette street, from Broad wa3\ northeast to Beaver street. Fellows place, from Herkimer street to Atlantic avenue. Ferris street, from William, southwest to N. Y. Bay. AVENUES AND STREETS IN BROOKLYN. 261 Ferry place, Fillmore place, Fiske place, Flatbush avenue. Fleet street, Fleet alley. Fleet place, Flint street. Flood's alley, Floyd street, FlusMng avenue, Forrest street, Fort Green place, Franklin street, Franklin avenue, Franklin place. Freeman street. Front street. Front street, E. D., Frost street, Fulton street, Fulton place, Furman street, Furman avenue, Gallatin place. Garden street. Garden place, Gardner avenue, Garnet street. Garrison street, Gates avenue. Gem street, George street, Gerry street. Gold street, Gothic alley, Grace court, Graham street, Graham avenue, Grand street. Grand avenue. Granite street, Grattan street, Greene street, Greene avenue, Green lane, Greenpoint avenue, Grinnell street. Grove street. Grove place. from Hamilton avenue, northeast to Sackett street from Fifth street, southeast to Sixth street. from Carroll street, southwest to Macomb street from Fulton street, south to City Line. from Hudson avenue, southwest to De Kalb avenue north from York, between Washington and Adams from Tillary street, south to Willoughby. from Front, south to Prospect street. from Johnson, south to Myrtle avenue. from Nostrand avenue, east to Broadway. from Navy street, east to Prospect street. from Bushwick avenue, northeast to Flushing avenue. from De Kalb avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. from Bushwick Creek to Commercial street. from Wallabout, south and southwest to City Line. from Pearl, east to Jay street. from East River to Paidge avenue. from Fulton street, east to Hudson avenue. from Norman avenue, northwest to Sutton street. from Union avenue, east to Kingsland avenue. from East River, south and southeast to City Line. from Fulton street, southwest to Livingston. from Fulton street, southwest to Atlantic avenue. from Broadway, northeast to Evergreen avenue, from Fulton street, south to Livingston street. from Flushing avenue, southeast to Bushwick. from Joralemon street, southwest to State street. from Jefferson street, north to Meeker avenue, from Hamilton avenue to Smith street. from Front street, south to York street. from Fulton street, east to Broadway, from North 15th street, north to Meserole avenue, from Evergreen avenue, northeast to Thames street, from Marcy avenue, northeast to Broadway, from East River, south to Fulton street. from Pearl street, west to Adams street. from Hicks street, near Remsen, runs northwest and north, from Flushing avenue, south to Lafayette avenue, from Broadway, north to Van Cott avenue, from East River, southeast and east to Newtown Creek, from Flushing avenue, south and southwest to Washing- ton avenue, from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Bogart street, east to Jefferson street. from East River, east to Paidge avenue, from Fulton street, east to City Line, from Front, south to Sands street, from East River, east to Newtown Creek, from Otsego street, soutlieast to Gowanus Bay. from Broadway, northeast to City Line, from Hanover place, near Fulton street, runs southeast 252 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Guernsey street, Guilford street, Gunther place, Gwinnett street, Hall street, Hal leek street, Halsey street, Hamburg street, Hamilton street, Hamilton avenue, Hancock street, Hanover place, Hanson place, Harmon street. Harper court, Harrison street, Harrison avenue, Harrison court, Harrison place, Hart street, Hart's alley, Hausman street, Henry street, Henry place, Herbert, Herkimer, Herkimer place, Hewes street, Heyward street, Hicks street, High street, Himrod street, Holand street. Hooper street, Hope street, Hopkins street, Hopkinson avenue, Howard avenue, Howard court, Hoyt street, Hudson avenue, Hull street, Hull street, E. D. Humboldt street, Huntington street, Huron street, Imlay street, India street, India wharf, Ingraham street, Irving street. from Fifth st., bet. K. 15th and Oak sts., half a block. from Maspeth avenue, south to Orient avenue. from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue. from AVallabout street, northeast to Broadway. from Flushing avenue, south to Lafayette avenue. from Otsego street, southeast to Gowanus Bay. from Bedford avenue, east to Broadway. from Flushing avenue, southeast to Evergreen Cemetery. from Flushing avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. from East River, south to Third avenue. from Franklin avenue, east to Broadway. from Fulton street, southwest to Livingston street. from Flatbush avenue, east to Fulton street. from Bushwick avenue, northeast to City line. from Jay street, east to LawTence street. from East River, east to Court street. from Division avenue, southeast to Flushing avenue. from Front street, near James, runs north half block. from Bogart street, east to Jefferson street. from Nostrand avenue, east to Broadway. from Gold street, east to Bridge street. from IMeeker avenue, north to Front street, E. D. from Fulton street, southwest to Brooklyn Basin. from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek. from Richardson street, northeast to Kingsland avenue. from Bedford avenue, east to City Line. from Bedford avenue, east to Nostrand avenue. from Wallabout Canal, northeast to Broadway. from Wallabout street, northeast to Broadway. from Fulton street, southwest to Gowanus Bay. from Fulton street, east to Navy street. from Bushwick avenue, northeast to City Line. from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek. from Wallabout Canal, northeast to Division avenue. from Sixth street, southeast to Union avenue. from Nostrand avenue, east to Broadway. from Broadway, south to City Line. from Broadway, south to City Line. from Main street, near Water street, runs west half a block. from Fulton street, southwest to Fifth street. from East River, south to Fulton street. from Fulton street, east to Broadway. from Broadway, northeast to Evergreen Cemetery. from Flushing avenue, north to Meserole avenue. from Columbia street, southeast to Gowanus Bay. from East River, east to Kingsland avenue. from Hamilton avenue, southwest to William street. from East River, east to Kingsland avenue. from Commercial whf . , N. to North pier and Atlantic dock. from Bogart street, east to Jefferson street. from East River, southeast to Columbia street. AVENUES AND STREETS IN BEOOKLYN. 253 Irving avenue, Irving place, Ivy street, Jackson street, Jackson court, JacksoBf place, Jacob street, James street, Jane street, Java street, Jay street, Jefferson street, Jefferson st., E. D., Jewel street, John street, Johnson street, Johnson avenue, Joralemon street. Judge street, Kane place, Keap street, Kent street, Kent avenue. King street, Kingsland avenue, Kingston avenue, Knickerbocker av., Kosciusko street, Kosciusko place Kussuth place, Lafayette, street, Lafayette avenue, Le Grange street, Lake street, Lawrence, Lawrence place, Lawton street, Lee avenue, Leffert's park, Leffert's place, Leonard street, Lewis avenue, Lexington avenue, Leyden street. Liberty street, Lincoln place. Linden street. Little street. Little Nassau street, Livingston street. Locust street. from Varick avenue, southeast to City Line. from Gates avenue, south to Fulton street. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Union avenue, east to Kingsland avenue. from Front street, near Gold street-, runs south hdf a block. from Sixteenth street, southwest to Prospect avenue. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Front street, southeast to Main street. from Union avenue, east to Leonard street, from East River, east to Greenpoint avenue. from East River, south to Fulton street. from Ormond place, east to Broadway. from Broadway, northeast to Cypress avenue. from Humboldt street, north to Greenpoint avenue. from Adams street, east to Little street. from Fulton street, east to Raymond street. from Broadway, east to Cypress avenue. from East River to Fulton street. from Devoe street, south to Powers street. from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue. from Wallabout Canal, northeast to Division avenue. from East River, east to Newtown Creek. from Division avenue, southeast to Lafayette avenue. from Columbia street, northwest to New York Bay. from Maspeth avenue, north to Paidge avenue. from Fulton street, south to City Line. from Vandevoort avenue, southeast to City Line. from Bedford avenue, east to Bushwick avenue. from Graham street, runs east \^ blocks. from Broadway, northeast to Bushwick avenue. from Fleet street, northeast to Raymond street. from Flatbush avenue, east to Bushwick avenue. from Grand street, south to Maujer street, from Bridgewater street, northeast to Newtown Creek. from Lawrence place, south to Fulton street. runs east and west, at north end of Lawrence street. from Broadway, northeast to Bushwick avenue. from Division avenue, southeast to Gwinnett street. bounded by Tompkins, Gates, Throop avs. & Quincy st. from St. James place, southeast to Franklin av. from Broadway, north to Greenpoint av. from Floyd street, south to Fulton street. from Grand avenue, east to Broadway. from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek. from Nassau street, south to rear of 241 Fulton street. from Fifth avenue, to Prospect Park. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from East River, southwest to Evans street. from Graham street, n. Park avenue, runs east 1)4 Wockl. from Sidney place, east to Flatbush avenue. from Broadway northeast to Beaver street. 254 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. Lombardy street, Lorimer street, Lorraine street, Louis place, Love lane, Lu queer street. Lynch street, Macomb street, Macon street, Madison street. Magnolia street. Main street, Malbone street, Manhasset place, Marcy avenue, Margaretta street, Marion street, Marshall street, Maspeth avenue, Maujer street, McDonough street, McDougal street, McKenney street, McKibben street. Meadow street. Meeker avenue, Melrose street, Mercein street, Meserole street, Meserole avenue, Metropolitan avenue, Middagh street, Middleton street. Mill street, Mill street, E. D. Milton street, Moffatt street. Monitor street, Monroe street, Monroe place, Montague place, Montague teiTace, Montgomery street, Monteith street, Montrose avenue, Moore street, Morgan avenue, Morrell street, Morse street, Morton street, Moultrie street, from Kingsland avenue, east to Newtown Creek. from Broadway, north to Noble street. from Otsego street, southeast to Hamilton avenue. from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue. f ro'm Henry street, west to Hicks street. from Columbia street, southeast to Smith street. from Wallabout street, northeast to Broadway. from Fourth avenue, southeast to Ninth avenue. from Arlington place, east to Hopkinson avenue. from Classon avenue, east to Broadway. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from East River, south to Fulton street. from City Line, north to Albany avenue. from Rapelye street, southeast to Coles street. from Division avenue, south to Fulton street. from Broadway, northeast to City Line from Fulton street, east to Broadway. froro East River, east to Little street. from Humboldt street, northeast to Newtown Creek. from South First street, east to Newtown Creek. from Marcy avenue, east to Broadway from Fulton street, east to Broadway. from Doughty street, southwest to Poplar street. from Broadway, east to Bogart street. from Waterbury street, east to Newtown Creek. from Richardson street, northeast to Newtown Creek, from Evergreen avenue, northeast to Irving avenue. from James street, east to Garrison street. from Union avenue, east to City Line. from Franklin street, east to Front street. from Richardson street, northeast to Newton Creek. from Columbia Heights, east to Fulton street. from Wallabout street, northeast to Throop avenue. from Columbia street, east to Hamilton avenue. from Metropolitan avenue, east to Newtown Creek. from East River, east to Orchard street. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Richardson street, north to Greenpoint avenue. from Classon avenue, east to Broadway. from Clark street, southwest to Pierrepont avenue. from East River, east to Court street. from Montague street, south to Remsen street. from Eighth avenue, southeast to City Line. from Bushwick avenue, east to Evergreen avenue. from Union avenue, east to City Line. from Broadway, east to Bogart street. from Flushing avenue, north to Front street. from Flushing avenue, north to Bushwick avenue. from Bridgewater street, northeast to Newtown Creek. from Kent avenue, northeast to Bedford avenue. from Humboldt street, north to Greenpoint avenue. AVENUES AND STREETS IN BROOKLYN. 255 Mumby's alley. Myrtle street, Myrtle avenue, Nassau street, Nassau avenue, Nassau place, Navy street, Naylor's alley. Nelson street, Nevins street, Newell street, Newton street, New York avenue, Noble street, Norman avenue, N. Elliott place, N. Henry street, N. Oxford street, N. Portland avenue, Nostrand avenue Nutria alley, Oak street, Oakland street, Ocean place, Olive street, Olive place. Orange street. Orchard street, Oregon street. Orient avenue, Ormond place, Osage street, Otsego street. Pacific street, Paidge avenue, Palmetto street, Park street. Park avenue. Park place. Park way, Parker street, Partition street, Patchen avenue, Pearl street, Penn street, Pequot street, Percival street, Perry place, Phillips alley, " Pierrepont street, Pierrepont place. from Nassau street, north to High street, from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Fulton street, east to City Line, from Fulton street, east to Navy street, from N. Fourteenth street, northeast to Varick street, from Nassau street, south to Concord street, from York street, south to Flatbush avenue, from Washington street, west to Liberty street, from Columbia street, southeast to Smith street, from Flatbush avenue, southwest to Carroll, from Van Cott avenue, north to Greenpoint avenue, from Union avenue, northeast to Van Pelt street, from Fulton street, south to City Line, from East River, east to Orchard street. from N. Fifteenth street, northeast to Bridgewater street, from Flushing avenue, south to Myrtle avenue, from Richardson street, north to Paidge street, from Flushing avenue, south to Myrtle avenue, from Flushing avenue, south to Myrtle avenue, from Wallabout street, south to City Line from Adams street, east to Jay street, from East River, east to Guernsey street, from Van Cott avenue, north to Newtown Creek, from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue, from Grand street, north to Sharon street, from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue, from Columbia Heights, east to Fulton street, from Van Pelt street, north to Greenpoint avenue, from Otsego street, southeast to Gowanus Bay. from Metropolitan avenue, east to Newtown Creek, from Putnam avenue, south to Fulton street, from Cuba street, southwest to Gowanus Bay. from Dwight street, southwest to N. Y. Bay. from East River, east to City Line, from Oakland street, southeast to Newtown Creek, from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Broadway, northeast to Beaver street, from Hudson avenue, east to Broadway, from Fifth avenue, east to City Line, from Prospect park, east to City Line, from Kingsland avenue, east to Newtown Creekc from Otsego street, northwest to New York Bay, from Broadway, south to Fulton street, from East River, south to Fulton street, from Classon avenue, northeast to Broadway, from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown creek, from Otsego street, southeast to Gowanus Bay. from Atlantic avenue, north to Herkimer place, from Plymouth street, south to Water street. from Columbia Heights, east to Fulton street. from Pierrepont street, opposite Columbia Heights, south to Montague street. 256 NEW YOEK AS IT IS. Pilling Street, Pineapple street, Pink street, Plaza street. Pleasant place, Plymouth street, Polhemus place. Pollock street. Poplar street. Poplar place. Porter avenue. Powers street, E.D, Prescott place. President street, Prince street, Prince street ct., Privat way. Prospect street. Prospect St., E.D., Prospect avenue. Prospect park. Prospect place. Prospect terrace, Provost street, Pulaski street, Putnam avenue, Quay street, Quincy street, Radde place, Ralph street, Ralph avenue, Randolph street, Ranton street, Rapelye street, Raymond street, Red Hook lane, Reid street, Reid avenue, Remsen street, Richards street, Richardson street, River street, Rochester avenue. Rock street, Rockaway avenue, Rodney street, Rogers avenue, Ross street. Rush street, Russell street, from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Columbia Heights, east to Fulton street. from Commercial street, north to East River. at entrance of Prospect Park, at Vanderbilt and Flatbush avenues, from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue, from East River, east to Little street, from Carroll street, southwest to Macomb street, from Front street, northeast to Newtown Creek, from Columbia Heights to Henry street, from Fulton street, south to Poplar street, from Thames street, north to Meeker avenue. , from Union avenue, east to Catharine street, from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue, from Hamilton street, southeast to City Line, from Concord street, south to Fleet street, from Prince street, near Concord street, one-half block, from Pearl street, east to Jay street, from Main street, east to Navy street, from Bushwick avenue, east to Knickerbocker avenue, from Gowanus Bay southeast to City Line, bounded by Flatbush avenue. Ninth ave. and Fifteenth St. from Fifth avenue, east to City Line. Prospect place, near Jay street, one-half block. from Greenpoint avenue, northeast to Paidge avenue. from ^ostrand avenue, east to Broadway from Fulton street, east to Broadway, from East River, east to Franklin street, from Downing street, east to Broadway, from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue, from Bushwick avenue, northeast to City Line, from Broadway, south to City Line, from Bogart street, east to Covert avenue, from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek, from Van Brunt street, southeast to Henry street. from Park avenue, south to Flatbush avenue, from Fulton street, southwest to Livingston street, from Van Brunt street, northwest to New York Bay. from Pulaski street, south to Fulton street, from Firman street, southeast to Court street, from Rapelye street, southwest to Elizabeth street, from Union avenue, east to Kingsland avenue, from First street, north to North Third street, from Fulton street, south to City Line, from Bogart street, east to Prospect street, from Broadway, southeast to City Line, from Wallabout Canal, northeast to Division avenue, from Pacific street, south to City Line, from Wallabout Canal, northeast to Division avenue, from Kent avenue, east to Division avenue, from Meeker avenue, north to Greenpoint avenue. AVENUES AND STREETS IN BROOKLYN. 257 Russell place, Rutledge street, Ryerson street, Sackett street, Sackman street, Sandford street, Sands street, Saratoga avenue, Schaeffer street, Schenck street, Schenectady avenue, Schermerhorn street, Scholes street, Scott avenue, Seabring street, Sedgwick street, Seigel street, Seneca avenue, Setauket street, Sharon street, Shawnett street, Sherman street, Sidney place, Sigourney street, Skillman street, Skillman avenue, Smith street. Smith's alley, Snell's alley, Somers street, S. Elliott place, S. Oxford street, S. Portland avenue, Spencer street, Spencer place, Sprague's alley. Spruce street, Stagg street. Stanhope street, Starr street. State street. Sterling place, Steuben street, Stewart street, Stewart avenue, Stewart alley, St. Ann's court, St, Andrew's place, St. Felix street, St. James' place. from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue. from Wallabout street, northeast to Broadway. from Flushing avenue, south to Lafayette avenue. from East River, southeast to Prospect Park. from Broadway, south to Fulton street. from Flushing avenue, south to DeKalb avenue. from Fulton street, east to Navy street. from Broadway, south to City Line. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Flushing avenue, south to Lafayette avenue. from Fulton street, south to City Line. from Clinton street, south to Flatbush avenue. from Union avenue, east to Newtown Creek. from Johnson avenue, north to Newtown Creek. from Columbia, northwest to Van Brunt street. from East River, southeast to Columbia street. from Broadway, east to Bogart street. from Randolph street, north to Newtov/n Creek. from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek. from Orient street, east to Morgan street. from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek. from 10th avenue, southeast to City Line. from Joralemon street, south to State street. from Otsego street, southeast to Gowanus Bay. from Flushing avenue, south to Lafayette avenue. from Union avenue, east to Kingsland avenue. from Fulton street, southwest to Gowanus Bay. from High street, south to Nassau street. from Nassau street, north to High street, from Fulton street, east to Broadway. from DeKalb avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. from DeKalb avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. from DeKalb avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. from Flushing avenue, south to DeKalb avenue. from Fulton street, north to Hancock. from Fulton street, east to Liberty street. from Maujer street, north to Grand street. from Un on avenue, east to Newtown Creek. from Bushwick avenue, northeast to Cypress avenue. from Central avenue, northeast to City Line. from Furman street, southeast to Flatbush avenue. from 5th avenue, east to Flatbush avenue. from Flushing avenue, southeast to Lafayette avenue. from Broadway, northeast to Evergreen Cemetery. from Jefferson street, north to Meeker avenue. from Water street, south to Front street. from Washington street near Sands street, runs west half a block, from Atlantic avenue, north to Herkimer street, from DeKalb avenue, south to Hanson place, from Lafayette avenue, south to Atlantic avenue. 268 NEW YORK AS IT IS. St. John's place, St. Mark's avenue, St. Nicholas avenue, Stockholm street, Stockton street, Stone avenue, Strong place, Stryker court, Stuyvesant avenue, Sullivan street. Summit street, Sumpter street, Sutton street, Suydam street, Suydam place. Sycamore street, Talman street, Taylor street. Ten Eyck street, Thames street, Thomas street, Thornton street, Throop avenue, Tiffany place, Tillary street, Tompkin's avenue, Tompkin's place, Tompkin's square, Townsend street, Tremont street, Troutman street, Troy avenue, Truxton street, Underhill avenue, Union street. Union avenue. Union court. Union lane. Union place, United States street, Utica avenue. Vail street. Van Brunt street. Van Buren street. Van Cott avenue, Vandam street, Vanderbilt avenue, Vanderveer street, Vandervoort av., Vandyke street, from 5th avenue, south to Flatbush avenue, from 5th avenue, east to City Line, from Jefferson street, southeast to City Line, from Bush wick avenue, northeast to City Line, from Nostrand avenue, east to Broadway, from Broadway, south to City Line, from Harrison street, south to Degraw. from Jay street, near Chapel street, runs east half block. from Broadway, south to Fulton street, from Dwight street, northwest to New York Bay. , from Conover street, southeast to Henry street, from Fulton street, east to Broadway, from Meeker avenue, northeast to Paidge avenue, from Broadway, northeast to City Line, from Herkimer street, southwest to Atlantic avenue, from Raymond street, east to Canton street, from Jay street, east to Charles street, from Washington avenue, northeast to Lee avenue, from Union avenue, east to Newtown Creek, from Bogart street, east to Jefferson street, from Varick street, northeast to Newtown Creek, from Throop avenue, northeast to Broadway, from Broadway, south to Fulton street. from Harrison street, south to Degraw street, from Fulton street, east to Canton street, from Flushing avenue, south to Fulton street, from Harrison street, south to Degraw street, bounded by Mercy avenue, Greene avenue, Tompkins ave- nue, and Lafayette avenue, from Stewart avenue, northeast to Newtovm Creek, from Columbia, northwest to Van Brunt street, from Myrtle avenue northeast to City Line, from Fulton street, south to City Line, from Fulton street, east to Broadway, from Washington avenue, south to Prospect Park. from Hamilton avenue, southeast to City Line, from Broadway, north to Fifth street, from Union street, near Hamilton, southwest half block, from Myrtle avenue, near Adams street, south half block, .from Greenpoint avenue, north to Newtown Creek, from Little street, southeast to Navy street, from Fulton street, south to City Line, from Sutton street, northeast to Newtown Creek, from Harrison street, southwest to Gowanus Bay. from St. James place, northeast to Bushwick av. from Leonard street, east to Meeker avenue, from Meeker avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek, from Flushing avenue, south to Flatbush avenue, from Broadway, northeast to Evergreen Cemetery, from Thames street, north to Meeker avenue, from Otsego street, northwest to New York Bay, AVENUES AND STREETS IN BKOOKLYN. 259 Van Pelt street, Van Voorhis street, Varet street, Varick street, Varick avenue, Yerandah place, Verona place, Vigelius street. Vine street, Waalbocht place, "Waldron place, Wall street, "Wallabout street, Wallock street, Walton street, Walworth street, Warren street, Washington street, Washington avenue, Washington park, Washington place, Water street, Waterbury street, Wayhome street, Webster street, Webster place, Wairfield street, West street, Whipple street. White street, Whitwell place, William street, Williamsburg road, Willoughby street, Willoughby avenue Willow street, Willow place, Wilson street. Withers street, Witherspoon street, Wolcott street. Woodbine street, Woodhull street, Wright street, Wyckoff street, Wyckoff avenue, Wythe avenue, Yates avenue, Yates place, York street. from Fifth street, east to Meeker avenue. from Broadway, northeast to City Line. from Broadway, east to Bogart street. from Meeker avenue, north to Newtown Creek. from Flushing avenue, north to Meeker avenue. from Henry street, east to Clinton street. from Macon street, south to Fulton street. from Broadway, northeast to City Line, from McKenney street, northwest to Columbia Heights. from Washington avenue, southeast to Williamsburg rd. from York street, between Jay and Bridge streets. from Broadway, northeast to Bushwick avenue. from Williamsburg road, east to Broadway. from Paidge avenue, northeast to Newtown Creek. from Wallabout street, northeast to Broadway. from Flushing avenue, south to DeKalb avenue. from East Kiver, southeast to Fifth avenue. from East River, south to Fulton street. from Kent avenue, south to City Line. bounded by Canton St., Cumberland St., DeKalb av., and Myrtle avenue, from Washington St., bet. Tillary and Concord streets. from Fulton street, east to Hudson avenue, from Johnson avenue, north to Grand street, from Gold St., bet. Nassau & Concord sts., runs E. ^ block, from Front St., bet. Morgan av., N. E. to Newtown Creek, from Sixteenth street, south to Prospect avenue, from Broadway, northeast to City Line, from Bushwick Creek, north to Dupont street, from Flushing avenue, northeast to Broadway, from Cook street, north to Johnson avenue, from Carroll street, southwest to First street, from Columbia street, northwest to Atlantic dock, from Flushing avenue, north to Hewes street, from Fulton street, east to Canton street, from Cumberland street, east to Broadway, from Poplar street, southwest to Pierrepont street, from Joralemon street, southwest to State street, from Wallabout Canal, northeast to Division avenue, from North Ninth street, east to Kingsland avenue, from Nostrand avenue, east to Broadway, from Dwight street, northwest to New York Bay. from Broadway, northeast to City Line, from Hamilton avenue, southeast to Henry street, from Front street, northeast to Newtown Creek, from Court street, east to Fifth avenue, from Jefferson street, southeast to City Line, from Division avenue, south to Wallabout street, from Hopkins street, south to Fulton street, from Broadway, northeast to Flushing avenue, from Fulton street, east to Navy street. 260 NEW YORK AS IT IS. First street, from Hoyt street, southeast to Ninth avenue. First street (E. D,), from Division avenue, northeast to N. Fourteenth street. First avenue, from Fortieth street, southwest to City Line. First place, from Henry street, southeast to Smith street. North First street, from East River, soutlieast to Fifth street. South First street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. Second street, from Smith street, soutlieast to Ninth avenue. Second street (E. D.),from Division avenue, northeast to N. Fifteenth street. Second avenue, from Gowanus Canal, southwest to City Line. Second place, from Henry street, southeast to Smith street. North Second street,from East River, east to Bushwick avenue. South second street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. Third street. from Smith street, southeast to Ninth avenue. Third street (E. D.), from Division avenue, north to Fourteenth street. Third avenue, from Flatbush avenue, southwest to City Line. Third place, from Henry street, southeast to Smith street. North Third street, from East River, southeast to Fifth street. South Third street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. Fourth street, from Smith street, southeast to Ninth avenue. Fourth street (E. D.),from Division avenue, northeast to Orchard street* Fourth avenue, from Flatbush avenue, southwest to City Line. Fourth place, from Henry street, southeast to Smith street. North Fourth street,from East River, southeast to N. Second street. South Fourth street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. Fifth street, from Smith street, southeast to Ninth avenue. Fifth street (E. D.), from Division avenue, northeast to Leonard street. Fifth avenue, from Atlantic avenue, southeast to City Line. North Fifth street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. South Fifth street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. Sixth street, from Smith street, southeast to Ninth avenue. Sixth street (E. D.), from Division avenue, north to Union avenue. Sixth avenue, from Atlantic avenue, southwest to City Line. North Sixth street, from East River, southeast to North Second street. South Sixth street, from East River, southeast to Broadway. Seventh street, from Smith street, southeast to Ninth avenue. Seventh street (E.D.), from Division Avenue, northeast to Ninth avenue. Seventh avenue, from Flatbush avenue, southwest to City Line. North Seventh street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. Eighth street, from Gowanus Canal, southeast to Ninth Avenue. Eighth street (E. D.),from Division avenue, northeast to North Second street. Eighth avenue, from Flatbush avenue, southwest to City Line. North Eighth street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. South Eighth street, from East River, southeast to Broadway. Ninth street, from Smith street, southeast to Ninth avenue. Ninth street (E. D)., from Division avenue. North to North Second street. Ninth avenue, from Union street, southwest to Twenty-first street. North Ninth street, from East River, southeast to Seventh street. South Ninth street, from East River, east to Broadway. Tenth street, from Gowanus Canal, southeast to Ninth avenue. Tenth street (E. D.), from Division Avenue, north to Union avenue. Tenth avenue, from Fifteenth street, southwest to Twenty-second street. AVENUES AND STREETS IN BROOKLYN. 261 North Tenth street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. South Tenth street, from East River, east to Fourth street. Eleventh street, from Second avenue, southeast to Ninth avenue. Eleventh street(E.D),from Broadway, north to Grand street. Eleventh avenue, from Fifteenth street, southwest to City Line. North Eleventh st. , from East River, southeast to Union avenue. South Eleventh st. , from East River, east to Third street. Twelfth street, from Gowanus Canal, southeast to Ninth avenue. Twelfth street (E.D.), from Broadway, north to Union avenue. North Twelfth street, from East River, southeast to Union avenue. Thirteenth street, from Gowanus Canal, southeast to Ninth avenue. North Thirteenth st.,from East River, southeast to Union avenue. Fourteenth street, from Hamilton avenue, southeast to Ninth avenue. North Fourteenth St., from East River, southeast to Fifth street. Fifteenth street, from Hamilton avenue, southeast to City Line. North Fifteenth st. , from Franklin street, southeast to Fifth street. Sixteenth street, from Hamilton avenue, southeast to City Line. Seventeenth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Eighteenth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Nineteenth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Twentieth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Twenty-first street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Twenty-second st., from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Twenty-third street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Seventh avenue. Twenty-fourth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Sixth avenue. Twenty-fifth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Twenty-sixth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Twenty-seventh St., from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Twenty-eighth st., from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Twenty-ninth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Thirtieth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Thirty-first street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Thirty-second street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Thirty-third street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Thirty-fourth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Thirty-fifth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Fifth avenue. Thirty-sixth street, from Gowanus Bay, south to Seventh avenue. Thirty-seventh street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Thirty-eighth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Lme. Thirty-ninth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Fortieth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Forty-first street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Forty-second street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Forty-third street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Forty-fourth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Forty-fifth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Forty-sixth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Forty-seventh street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to Eighth avenue. Forty-eighth street, from Gowanus Bay, southeast to City Line. Forty-ninth street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fiftieth street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. 262 NEW YOKK AS IT IS. Fifty-first street, fnin New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fifty-second street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fifty-third street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fifty-fourth street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fifty-fifth street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fifty-sixth street, ' from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fifty-seventh street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fifty-eighth street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Fifty-ninth street, from New York Bay, southeast to City Line. Sixtieth street, the Division Line bet. the City of Brooklyn & New Utrecht. • LONG ISLAND CITY, Queens County, N. Y., is situated on the East River and Long Island Sound, opposite the upper part of the City of New York. It was incorporated in 1870, and is divided into five wards, including Astoria, Ravenswood and Hunter's Point. Population about 14,000. The streets and avenues are being handsome- ly laid out, most of them running at right angles. A street railroad runs from Astoria through Vernon Avenue to Hunter's Point, and connects with the Williamsburgh railroads, the Long Island Bailroad and i\iQ New York and Flushing Railroad both run from Hunter's Point, connecting with steam ferry boats crossing the East River to New York. A bridge will soon be completed, to extend from New York to Blackwell's Island, and thence to Long Island City, at Ravenswood. When completed the distance from the City Hall tc the centre of Long Island City will not exceed six miles, thus placing this favored place of residence in easy communication with the City of New York. Astoria, lying opposite New York, being connected by a steam ferry to 92d Street, has long been the abode of many New York merchants, and contains fine residences along the shore, commanding fine views across Hell Gate and up the East River. At this place (Hallett's Point), the United States Government W orks are sit- uated, and soon the dreaded rocks will all be removed, making the ac- cess to and from the ocean through the Sound easier and shorter than through the " Narrows." Two lines of fast steamers run from Fulton Ferry and Peck Slip for Harlem and Morrisania, stopping at Astoria. Ravenswood, opposite Blackwell's Island, is a continuous line of private residences, from Hallett's Cove to Hunter's Point, along the shore between Vernon Avenue and the East River. Hunter's Point, closely connected with the City of New York by steam ferries, is the centre of all the Railroads of Long Island, and is fast growing to be a place of importance. Its streets are being graded, sewered, paved and curbed. It is the great mart for petroleum and its products. HISTORICAL EVENTS OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. No portion of the Union witnessed more stirring and unfortunate events than those enacted on Long Island near Brooklyn. On the 22d of August, 1776, the British Army, under Lord Howe, landed on Long Island, near the present site of Fort Hamilton, and marched direct towards Flatbush, near where is now located Prospect Park. Here was stationed the American Army under General Wash- ington, consisting of about 10,000 men, most of whom were undisciplined and illy prepared with arms for defence. LONG ISLAND SUBUKBS. 263 On the 37th of August a severe battle was fought in which the Americans were defeated with great loss of life. New York was soon after occupied by the British, and Washington retreated to Harlem Heights, near the upper end of the island, where several skirmishes ensued, ending in the capture of Fort Washing- ton with about 2,000 prisoners. Then followed the inhuman incarceration of the American prisoners in the "Sugar House," and other places in the City of New York ; also, on board prison ships, lying in Wallabout Bay, Brooklyn. The following is a brief history of these floating dungeons and the sufferings of the prisoners. "During the Revolution the British had stationed at the Wallabout, Long Island, nearly opposite the City of New York, a number of prison ships, on board of which it was the fate of Americans who were prisoners of war to be placed. " The principal of these were the 'Jersey,' the 'John," the ' Scorpion, " the ' Strumbolo,' and the 'Hunter.' From these the remains of the prisoners who died were removed from time to time, and deposited on the adjacent shores of the Wallabout to the number of about 12,000. The remains of these unfortunate patriots tvere thrown into shallow pits, with scarcely covering enough to protect them from the elements. " The remains of most of them have within a few years been removed and deposited in a tomb at Fort Greene, Brooklyn. LONG ISLAND SUBURBS. Long Island, a strip of land averaging 15 miles in width and over 100 in length, containing 1,682 square miles, is washed on its northern shore by the billows of the Long Island Sound, and on its southern by those of the Atlantic Ocean. Here are to be found numerous sea-bathing resorts and inlets, abounding in many kinds of fish and sea-fowl in abundance. Most parts of the Island are reached by railroad or steamer. Coney Island is the nearest popular resort for sea-bathing and a fair sniff of the Atlantic to the masses of New York, and is thronged for seven months of the year. It is reached by horse-car from Brooklyn ferry, or by steamer from New lork. Fort Hamilton is situated on a commanding bluff at the Narrows, and near by are Bath and Bay Ridge, with fine residences, either of which are reached by the Fort Hamilton line of cars. Still further east are Rockaway and Far Rockaway. The latter has several large hotels, affords a fine ocean sail from New York, and has the finest surf -bathing in the world. Jamaica is an old town with fine residences, 10 miles from New York, reached by railroad. Jamaica Bay, a few miles south, is a large body of water. Hempstbad is a populous old village with fine churches and schools. Near by are the plains recently purchased by Alex. T. Stewart, on which he is building a town, called Garden City. A railroad is being built to this locality from Bay Ridge. Flushing is a charming town, situated on Flushing Bay, and may be reached by car from Hunter's Point, or by steamer from Peck Slip. It contains about 15,000 inhabitants. Bay Side, four miles from Flushing, is noted for rich scenery, and famous for its clam bakes and chowder in primitive style. College Point and Whitestone, situated on Long Island Sound, are de- lightful places of resort. RosLYN, at the head of Hempstead Harbor, is a thriving village, with natural scenery of rugged beauty. The place contains an eminence 319 feet high. In this village the first paper-mill in the State was erected. Several literary charac- ters of note reside here. 264 NEW YORK AS IT IS. MARATIME DEFENSES FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW YORK BAY AND HARBOR. On entering the Lower Bay of New York from the ocean, and approaching Sandy Hook, the immense Government works are seen, which are being con- structed on a scale for strength and durability that will surpass any fortress on the Atlantic coast. Next are passed Fort Lafayette and Fort Hamilton, the latter being situated on the west end of Long Island. Opposite these, on Staten Island, are Fort Richmond and Fort Tompkins — adjoining these are several. strong water batteries ; these, with Fort Hamilton, command the approaches to the " Narrows," here about one mile wide. The Upper Bay contains several Islands well adapted for fortifications. Governor's Island, about two-thirds of a mile from the Battery or Castle Garden, is the largest ; it contains 72 acres, where is stationed a military garrison. Here are located Fort Columbus, a large star-shaped fortification, and Castle Willam, a three-story round tower, 60 feet high, and 600 feet in circumference, and mounts over 100 heavy guns. Bedlow's Island, lying west of Governor's Island, is occupied by Fort Wood, another strong fortification. It can mount 80 guns, and garrison 350 men . Ellis' Island, near by, is owned by the United States Government, where stands Fort Gibson. The above six points, on which are fortifications, command the approaches to New York through the Lower and Upper Bays from the Atlantic Ocean. The Brooklyn Navy Yard could also afford a floating battery suflQcient to repel any foreign foe. Fort Schuyler, situated on Throgg's Neck, at the entrance of the East River into Long Island Sound, is a strong fortification, built of granite and earth- works, and mounts over 300 gnns. This, and the fortress at Willett's Point, opposite, serve as a defence from an attack on the city through the Sound. Here are located the principal Engineer Depot and Torpedo School of the United States Army. It is also a place of deposit for surplus government stores, which have accumulated in large quantities since the late war. At Hallett's Point, near Hell Gate, the Government has been for several years making excavations and blasting rock, with the view of removing the Hell Gate obstructions — thus affording a safe approach to New York harbor through Long Island Sound and the East River for ships and steamers of large size — thereby greatly increasing the commercial advantages of the Port of New York. As a Military and Naval Station, New York exceeds any other place on the Atlantic Coast, and in case of a foreign war, could be rendered impregnable. NEW YORK FROM GOVERNOR'S ISLAND. CITIES AND VILLAGES. 265 CITIES AND VILLAGES, "WITHIN A RADIUS OP FIFTEEN MILES OF THE CITY HALL, NEW YORK. NORTS. New York and Westchester Co., via Steamboat and Railroad. Cities, <&c. Miles. Manhattan ville* 8 Washington Heights 9 Spuyten Dujn^il* 12 King's Bridge* Riverdale* 13 Mount St. Vincent 14 YoNKERS* (Westchester County)-. 16 Harlem 7 Mott Haven* 8 Montrose 8i Morrisania* 9 High Bridge* 10 Tremont* -- 11 Fordham* 12 Williams' Bridge 14 Woodlawn* 13 Mount Vernon, * W. Co 15 West Farms* 12 Fairmount 13 Mount Hope 12 Bronxville,* W. Co 13 Westchester,* " 12 City Island,* " 15 Connerville, " 14 Schuylerville 13 Fort Schuyler 14 l^ Steamers run from Fulton Ferry, E. R. , to Astoria, Harlem, &c. ; also, from North River side to Yonkers, &c. EAST. Long Island. Cities, &c. Brooklyn* ^ Williamshurgh* 1 Green Point* 1| Hunter's Point 2 Long Island City* 4 Ravenswood* 5 Astoria* 6 Hell Gate 7 Woodside* 6 Winfield* 7 Newtown* ■ 8 Maspeth* 6 FlusJiing* 11 College Point* 13 Whitestone* 14 Willett's Point 15 Bay Side* 14 Ridgewood* 6 East New York* 6 Clarenceville 7 Woodhaven* ___ 8 Jamaica* 12 Queens* 14 Springfield* 14 Valley Stream* .' 15 Rockaway* 16 Bay Ridge* 4 Flatbush* 5 Flatlands* 7 Canarsie* 8 New Utrecht* 9 Gravesend* 10 Fort Hamilton* 9 Bath 10 Coney Island 14 * Post-Offices. 266 NEW YOKE AS IT IS. SOVTH. Staten Island, Via Steamboat and Railroad. Miles. Castleton^ 6 Tompkinsville* 1 : 6 Edgewater, or Stapleton* 7 Vanderbilt's Landing 7i Clifton 8 Fort Richmond 9 Richmond* 13 Middletown 12 New Dorp* 14 Springville 14 Eltingville 15 New Brighton^ 6 West New Brighton* Mariner's Harbor* 7 Sailor's Snug Harbor 7 Factoryrille 8 Port Bichmond* 9 Elm Park 10 Chelsea 15 J^" Steam ferry boats run from Whitehall Slip, near the Battery, and from foot of Dey Street, for the differ- ent Landings on Staten Island, con- necting with the Staten Island Hailroad. Steamers run to Bergen Point and Newark, N. J., passing through New- ark Bay. New Jersey. Jersey City 1 Communipaw 2 Claremont 3 Greenville* 4 Pamrapo 5 Bayonne* 6 Centreville 7 Bergen Point* 8 Elizabethport 11 Elizabeth* 13 HOBOKEN* 2 West Hoboken 4 Newark* 9 Waverly 11 Irvington* 13 Springfield :. 14 Orange* 13 East Orange* 12 South Orange* 15 Bloomfield* 11 Montclair* 13 Belleville* 10 Acquackennock IS Rutherford Park* 9 Passaic* 11 Clifton 13 Paterson* 16 Carlstadt* 9 Woodridge* 10 Lodi* 12 Hackensack* 13 New Bridge* -- 15 New Durham* : 6 Ridgelield 9 Leonia* 12 Englewood* 14 Highland 15 Weehawken* 4 Guttenbergh* 5 Bull's Ferry 6 Fort Lee* 10 * Post-Offices CITIES AND VILLAGES FIFTEEN MILES AROUND NEW YORK, New York to Elizabeth, N. J., via Central Railroad of New Jersey. Leaving New York from the foot of Liberty street, a steam ferry boat con- veys passengers to Jersey City, one mile. Communipaw, 23^ miles ; here is a flourishing settlement forming part of Jersey City, and the point where diverges the Newark and New York Kailroad. Claremont, 3 miles, lies upon the high, wooded ridge, a short distance west of the railroad. A short distance beyond Claremont, the railroad crosses the Morris Canal. Greenville, A^ miles, is handsomely situated, overlooking New York and Newark Bays, and in the distance may be seen the Orange Mountains on the west, and the shores of Long Island and the Narrows, alive with craft. A horse railroad runs from this place to Montgomery street, Jersey City. Pamrapo, 5^ miles, forms the third ward of the City of Bayonne, It is handsomely situated and abounds in eligible sites for suburban homes. BAYONNE, 6 miles, is a flourishing city containing about 5,000 inhabitants, being incorporated in March, 1870. Its avenues stretch in a magnificent sweep from Jersey City line to Kill von Kull, on the south ; its flagged sidewalks ex- tend in all directions as far as the eye can reach; its private and public build- ings are most of them models of beauty and tastefulness. Centreville, 7 miles, is another sta- tion in the City of Bayonne, where are many fine residences. Bergen Point, 8 miles, is the most densely populated section of Bay- onne, comprising the first and fourth wards of the city, and long famous as a Summer resort for New Yorkers. The streets are here wide, well paved, and kept in fine condition, while the beauty of dwellings and public edifices gives as- surance that here both wealth and cul- ture reside. Elizabethport, 10^ miles, is a flourish- ing marine town, lying on Staten Island Sound, and forming part of the City of Elizabeth. Its growth within the past few years has been marvellous. Here are immense coal wharves, where are deposited five million tonnage annually, and give it a prominence as a commer- cial point. From Elizabethport runs the Perth Amhoy and Elizabethport Rail- road, 12 miles in length. ELIZABETH, 13 miles, is a flourish- ing city which contained, in 1870, 20,832 inhabitants. Here is a Court House, a number of Churches and other public buildings, many of which are fine and costly edifices. It is an old town, first settled in 1664, being named Elizabeth Town, in honor of Sir James Casteret's beautiful wife. Here crosses the New York and Philadelphia line of railroad, controlled by the Pennsylvania Railroad, while westward runs the Central Railroad of New Jersey, extending to Easton, Penn. A new line of railroad will soon be con- structed, on this line, through to Phila- delphia, connecting with the Pennsyl- vania Northern Railroad. 2Q8 NEW YORK AS IT IS. NEW YORK TO NEWARK, ORANGE, Ac, BY DIFFERENT RAIL- ROAD ROUTES. New Jersey, on account of the mildness of its climate, productive soil, healthy influence, and its proximity to the City of New York, has become a desirable and popular section of country for residence and business pursuits. The State is bounded on the west and south by the Delaware River and Bay, and on the east by the Hudson River and the Atlantic Ocean ; the coast line from Sandy Hook to Cape May extends about 120 miles. JSRSEY CITY, Hudson Co., N. J., lying opposite New York, is reached by several steam ferries, running day and night. Here the Hudson River is one mile in width — affording a fine view of the Palisades on the north, and the Harbor and Bay of New York on the south — with Staten Island and Long Island in the distance. Some ten or twelve railroads centre at Jersey City, running south, west and north, carrying daily an immense number of passengers to and from the City of New York. The City is favorably situated for trade and commerce, and has rap- idly increased in population, now con- taining upwards of 115,000 inhabitants. It is governed by a Mayor and Board of 12 Aldermen, and contains several fine public buildings — a City Hall and Court House, and about 60 Churches of different denominations ; 4 Banks, 8 Savings Banks, 3 Insurance Companies, 2 Gas Light Companies, Water Works and 6 City Railroads, besides large Rail- road Depots and Ferry Houses. Tay- lor's Hotel, near the Pennsylvania Rail- road Depot, is a large and well kept public house. The Ounard LiTie of Steamers run from their dock at Jersey City for Liverpool and other European ports. Debt, &c. , Jersey City. Year. Pojmlatian. Debt. Per Capita. 1870. 85,335 $5,072,000 $58 59 1875. 116,813 13,830,485 120 00 Note.— In 1870, Bergen City and Hudson City were consolidated with Jersey City, but the rapid increase of the City Debt and Taxation, shows that fraud and corruption is spreading alike as in New York and Brooklyn. Census op Hudson County, New Jersey, 1875. Jersey City, 6 Districts. 116,813 Hoboken, (City) 24,966 City of Bayonne 5,836 West Hoboken 5,219 Kearney Township 1,401 Town of Union 4,676 Union Township _ _ 2,580 North Bergen 3,928 Weehawken 603 Total 170,859 The City of Hoboken, one mile north of Jersey City, is a place of grow- ing importance, being closely connected with the City of New York by two steam ferries. The City now contains a population of 24,966. It has been a favorite resort and place of residence, having delightful grounds and walks in the vicinity, near the water's edge. Here commences the Morris and Essex Railroad, running west to the Delaware River, opposite Easton, Penn. The Hamburg and Havre Steamers leave from their wharf at this place for European ports. NEWARK, N. J., the county seat of Essex County, 9 miles from New York, is the largest City in the State, now con- taining about 120,000 inhabitants. It has many public buildings, churches, hotels and fine residences ; excellent schools and numerous extensive manu- factories. Steamboats and vessels of a small class ascend the Passaic River to this place, which is closely identified with the City of New York. It is an immense thoroughfare for passengers CITIES AND VILLAGES. 269 going south and west, trains leaving every few minutes for various points. The City of Orange, four or five miles from Newark, is a charming locality, containing about 10,000 inhab- itants. Here are numerous churches, schools and fine residences, surrounded by an exceedingly healthy section of the country. Llewellyri Park, lying on the north, is a most delightful place of residence during warm weather, when the cool air descends from the surround- ing highlands, the whole Park being ornamented with shade trees, drives and walks. The Orange Mountains rise on the west and north, affording protec- tion from the prevailing winds of Win- ter, while it catches the sea breezes which prevail in Summer. East Orange, with its 6,000 inhabi- tants, and South Orange, about half the size, are also finely situated and are fashionable places of residence, con- taining many beautiful dwellings, sur- rounded by all the desired comforts of a city and country life. West Orange, containing 2,800 in- habitants, is another fine town. Further westward, toward Morris- town, are a succession of villages and fine country residences, affording homes of a most charming character. Belleville, 10 miles from New York, lying north of Newark, is a charming place of Summer residence. Bloomfield, Essex Co., 12 miles from New York, containing 4,000 inhabi- tants, is another delightful place of residence. Mount Clair, 14 miles from New York, is reached by railroad. This is a flourishing village with many fine residences. Population, 4,000. Waverley, about 2 miles south of Newark, is a fine situation, surrounded by an agricultural district, where are located the grounds belonging to the State Agricultural Society. The City of Elizabeth, 15 miles from New York, by the Pennsylvania Rail- road, is also reached by the New Jer- sey Central Railroad. This is a flourish- ing city, closely connected with the City of New York by two lines of rail- road. A Boulevard, 200 feet in width, extends from Elizabeth to Newark, 5 miles, affording a delightful drive dur- ing pleasant weather. NEW YORK TO PATERSON, N. J., ma ERIE RAILWAY. Leaving New York from the foot of Chambers Street, or Twenty-Third Street, a steam ferry boat, conveys passengers to the commodious Depot on the New Jersey side. The passenger cars are luxurious and roomy, the track being broad gauge. By means of a long tunnel a very level line is afforded across the Jersey Meadows and the Hackensack River. In addition to the Erie Railway, which forms one of the trunk lines of the country, the Nbrihern Railroad of JSTew Jersey diverges from the main line west of Hoboken and runs through Mio Durham, Oranton, Ridgefield, Engleicood, Highland, Norwood, Tajjpan, and Piermont to New Yoi% 29 miles, passing through a succession of villages, situated back of the Palisades, affording de- lightful Summer resorts. The Hackensack Railroad is another branch of the Erie Railway running through Carlstadt, Woodridge, Hackensack, New Milford, Hillsdale and other vil- lages, to Rockland County, N. Y. A branch railroad also extends to fjodi, N. J., affording altogether easy and rapid access to the city of New York. 270 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Rutherford Park, 9 miles from New York, is tlie first stopping place of im- portance on the line of the Erie Railway. Here is a beautiful settlement where is a good Hotel, and several Summer board- ing houses. The scenery and drives in the vicinity of Rutherford Park are much admired, being in the vicinity of the Passaic River. Hackensack, 13 miles, the capital of Bergen Co,, N. J., lies north of the line of the Erie Railway. It is ap- proached by railroad, extending north- ward. This is a flourishing village, containing about 9,000 inhabitants. Passaic, 12 miles, is a flourishing vil- lage, numbering about 5,000 inhabi- tants. Here are two well-kept hotels, besides private boarding-houses, which are usually thronged during warm weather. Contains several fine church edifices, and a number of elegant pri- vate residences. Clifton, 13 miles, is another delight- ful village, where is a good public house called the Clifton Grove Hotel ; also, the Willoio Park Hotel. Lake View, 14^ miles, is pleasantly situated on a rising slope of ground which overlooks the Passaic River and Dundee Lake. It contains a hotel and the usual proportion of private families, who will accommodate Summer board- ers. It is within the city limits of Paterson, and contains many handsome villas situated on the avenues which lead to the city. PATERSON, 16 miles, is a flourishing manufacturing city, where health and comfortable residences are to be found. Population in 1870, 33,579. In the. heart of the city are the famed Falls of the Passaic, only inferior to Niagara in grandeur and sublimity. Visitors will also find much to admire and instruct them in an inspection of the various industries — the silk mills, the locomo- tive works and the numerous factories which have tnade Paterson famous the world over. There are here eight or ten churches of different denomina- tions, and three first-class hotels ; also, a number of w^ell-kept private boarding- houses. The Delaware and Lacka- wanna Railroad runs through Paterson, and the Paterson and Newark Railroad runs south, while the Erie Railroad ex- tends northwest through Rockland and Orange counties, w^hen the Delaware River is reached at Port Jervis ; thence crosses into Pennsylvania, and extends to Dunkirk, Buffalo and Niagara Falls. EXCURSIONS DOWN THE BAY TO CONEY ISLAND, &o. Coney Island w^as for many years tne leading^sea-side resort. It is still patronized *by crowds that indulge in its most excellent surf-bathing. It is reached by steamboat or by the Brook- lyn horse-cars that pass Greenwood Cemetery. RocKAWAY, on the South Shore of Long Island, is growing rapidly as a fashionable resort, and is reached by steamboat or steam-car. The most charming of all is a trip of twenty-four miles to Long Branch, a sail of one hour by steamboat to Sandy Hook, thence by steam-car twenty min- utes to the famous watering-place and Summer capital of the Metropolis. Many wealthy persons here have fine residences. As you journey you pass the Battery, Castle Garden, Governor's Island, Fort Lafayette, Fort Hamilton, and Sandy Hook Lighthouse to the left, and Staten Island, Fort Wadsworth, Quarantine, and Navesink Light-house to the right. After a surf -bath and a promenade among the elite, inhaling the sea breezes, you are fully prepared to do justice to the viands furnished by any of the numerous first-class hotels that line the bluff for nearly two miles. Of late years. Long Branch has become the semi-capital of the nation, the Pres- ident of the United States making this his Summer residence. CITIES AND VILLAGES. 271 New York Harbor or Bay.— A fine view of the Harbor and Bay may be Obtained by a round trip on a Staten Is- land Ferry-boat, occupying about an hour. A more extended trip, passing Bergen Point through the Kills and Newark Bay, is furnished by steamer running to Newark. Keyport, noted for its oysters and fishing, Highlands for its large hotels and commanding view, and Red Bank in its quiet beauty on the Navesink River, are places of interest easily reached by steamboat. During the Summer the daily excur- sions to the Fishing Banks (see adver- tisements in the New York morning papers) are very popular, in which you pass out on to the broad expanse of the Ocean, ten or twenty miles from the New Jersey shore, and it often happens that the beneficial effects of sea-sick- ness is experienced. STATEN ISLAND SUBURBS. State^ Island, an oval-shaped tract of land 14 miles long and 8 miles broad, containing 58^ square miles, is situated from 6 to 20^ miles southwest of New York city, and is washed on all sides by salt water, being surrounded by New York Bay, Raritan Bay and Staten Island Sound. The adjacent waters of the bays abound with oysters and fish, the trade of which afford the staple occupation of thousands dwel- ling on the island. A ferry boat runs hourly from the foot of Whitehall street to the three principal points, the first of which is the Quarantine Landing, so called because formerly the location of the New York quarantine buildings. It is a charming location for private re- sidences. Edgewater (Stapleton), This is a mile or two further down, and is the largest village on the island, containing some manufactories and a shot tower. Around its suburbs are many beautiful residences overlooking the New York Bay. The " Seamen's Fund and Re- treat," established by the Legislature, and a building for indigent mothers, widows and children of seamen, are situated on very sightly locations here, and will well repay a visit. Vanderbilt's Landing, just below the former, is the point of connection between the ferry of the Staten Island Railroad, which runs to Tottenville. Still further down are the United States fortifications, Richmond and Tomp- kins. Richmond, the county-seat, stands in a rich agricultural district, and is reached by stage. North Shore. Another steam ferry line from Dey street. North River (Pier 19), runs along the northern shore several times daily New Brighton is a large village, with much fashionable society, where is located a first-class hotel. Sailors' Snug Harbor. —This is another charming spot, where stands a fine edifice for the abode of disabled seamen. Bergen Point, a delightful Summer resort, lies opposite on the New Jersey shore. Port Richmond is a large and hand- some village, and has been the centre of considerable manufacture. In its suburbs are rare pleasure grounds, to which New York excursion parties gladly resort. Elm Park is reached also by the North Shore FeiTy after a sail of an hour. 272 NEW YOEK AS IT IS. WESTCHESTER SUBURBS. Westchester is, and must ever con- tinue, one of the most celebrated coun- ties of the Empire State, much of it being historic ground, where were enacted many of the important events of the Revolutionary War. Its prox- imity to the Metropolis, the beauty of its scenery bordering on Long Island Sound — skirted its entire length by the finest river in the world and threaded by railroads, its surface dotted with towns and palatial residences, rendering it one of the most desirable and pictur- esque sections of the Empire State. The New Haven Bailroad runs across the southern portion of the county, and has several charming villages on its line, among which are Rye, New Ro- chelle, Mamaroneck, and Port Chester. The Harlein Railroad runs about mid- way and diagonally through the county, and has fine villages all along the route. The principal ones are Mount Vernon, Tuckahoe and White Plains. The New York, Boston and Montreal Rail- road runs midway between the Har- lem and Hudson River R.R. , and crosses Croton Lake. But the chief attractions of Westchester are spread along the bank of the Hudson River, where nearly every eminence is surmounted by a paradise of beauty and fragrance.' A strip of country one mile wide, stretching from Spuyten Duyvel to Sing Sing, contains more of taste, cul- ture and wealth than any rural district of its size on the continent. The Hudson River RaiVfoad runs along the western part of the county, within sight of the noble Hudson, pass- ing Yonkers, Dobb's Ferry, Irvington, Tarrytown, Sing Sing, Croton and Peekskill, where it enters the "High- lands," passing West Point, situated on the opposite side of the river. Excursions on the East River and Long Island Sound. The steamboat excursion to Flushing and other landings on the Long Island shore are delightful during warm weath- er. On leaving the steamboat land- ing on the East River, near Fulton Fer- ry, you at once feel the invigorating breeze — passing the United States Navy Yard, situated on Wallabout Bay, where may usually be seen vessels of war of a large class, moored near the Brooklyn shore. As the steamer rounds Corlear's Hook, a fine view is obtained of the Ship Yards on the New York shore. Williamsburcjh, Hunter's Point, and Long Island City are passed on the right. BlackioelV s Island, lying in the East River, is attached and belongs to the City of New York ; here are situated the Penitentiary, the Almshouse and the Lunatic Asylum, all of which are usually thronged with inmates. Astoria, 6 miles from the City of New York, forming part of Long Is- land City, is pleasantly situated on East River, being connected with the City by a steam ferry, called the Hell Gate Ferry. On the north may be seen the village of Harlem, and the mouth of Harlem River. Hell-Gate, sometimes called Hurl- Oate, is a narrow and dangerous strait in the East River, 7 miles above New York. Soon the channel widens and a beautiful stretch of the East River is passed, Two small islands called The Brothers are next passed, and then Biker's Island, lying at the mouth of Flushing Bay. FLUSHING, 12 miles, is a large and flourishing town containing upwards of 15,000 inhabitants. Here are several good hotels and boarding-houses ; also. lAr 'OjH' 'j'fJM 1/ ( n V () V ,H I vn r EXCURSIONS ON THE HUDSON EIVER. 273 churches, academies and schools, to- gether with many fine residences. It can be speedily reached by railroad or steamboat. College Point, situate on the east side of Flushing Bay, is a place of con- siderable resort. Whitestone, 14 miles, and Willet's Point, 15 miles, are both pleasantly situated on Long Island. A steamer runs several times daily from New York to all the above points. Roslyn, Glen Cow and Oyster Bay, and other resorts on the north shore of Long Island, can be easily reached hj railroad and steamers. EXCURSIONS ON THE HUDSON RIVER. From New York to West Point. The noble Hudson, the pride of every New Yorker, affords the most delight- ful excursions imaginable. Starting from any of the steamboat landings on the west side of the City, you are at once favored with the grandest scenery imaginable. Hoboken, Weehawken and Fort Lee are passed on the New Jersey shore, while the island of New York, with its palatial residences, lies to the east of the upward-bound steamer, ex- tending to Spuyten Duyvel Creek, 13 miles from the Battery. The Palisades are the next great ob- ject of interest, rising perpendicular some two or three hundred feet from the water's edge. Then comes a suc- cession of cities and villages with costly suburban residences. An excursion to High Bridge is one of the finest trips on this Island. It is reached by steam-car from Forty-second street, by steamboats from Fulton Fer- ry and Harlem Bridge, or by carriage through Central Park. The view from this lofty observatory is enchanting. Returning by carriage, one may stop at the Bloomingdale Insane Asylum ; or, by making a detour westward, one may see the New York Juvenile Asylum, at 176th street, pass over Washington Heights (the finest part of the island in the Summer) to the largest institution in the country for the educating of the deaf and dumb, to the Colored Orphan Asylum, and return by the Boulevard. Another rare excursion is to the Islands of the East River. To visit them, go to the office of the Commis- sioners of Charities and Corrections, corner Eleventh street and Third av- enue, and obtain a permit, then to foot of East Twenty-sixth street, and take steamer to BlackwelVs Island, Ward's Island, and BandalVs Island. Still fur- ther up the river is Harfs Island and the School Ship. Manhattanville, lying on the island of New York, about one mile and a half west of Harlem, is easily approached by the Hudson River Railroad, and Eighth avenue horse cars. Fort Washington, two miles north of Manhattanville, is elevated 238 feet above the river, being the highest point on the island of New York, The old fort was captured by the British and Hessians, in the disastrous campaign of 1776, when some two or three thousand Americans were either killed or taken captive, and thrown into the prison- ships at the Wallabout Bay, Brooklyn, where the United States now have an extensive Navy Yard. Fort Lee, on the Jersey shore, 9 miles from New York, is a place of con- siderable interest, and between it and that city a steam ferry-boat plies several timesdaily. The site of the old fort is on the brow of the Palisades, a short dis- tance from the river, and elevated about 300 feet above it. It was surrendered to the British in 1776, immediately after the capture of Fort Washington. 274 NEW YORK AS IT IS. YONKERS, 16 miles, is a new and growing city on the banks of the Hud- son. It contains 20, 000 inhabitants, with costly churches and fine residences. Here all the enjoyments of city and country life can be indulged in by the fashionable portion of the community. Hastings and Dobb's Ferry lie on the Westchester shore, while opposite is Piermont and Nyack, in Rockland County. Irvirigton, Tarrytown, Sing Sing and PeeksMl are all passed before coming to the "Highlands." West Point, 53 miles, with its Na- tional Academy, is a place of fashion- able resort, where is a well-kept hotel. Here the scenery is truly grand and magnificent. During the season of navigation on the Hudson, which usually extends from the middle of March to the mid- dle of December, numerous steamboats leave the city of New York every morn- ing and evening for various places on both shores of the river, connecting with railroad lines of travel. Steamers of the largest class, nowhere excelled for speed or comfort, run through to Albany and Trot, about 150 miles, in ten or twelve hours run- ning time ; others touch at the princi- pal cities and villages on the way, to land and receive passengers. Usual through fare, $3, including berths in the night boats ; berths in state room, $1.10 extra. By far the most interesting portion of this noble river is embraced in the trip to West Point and Newburgh, 60 miles distant, passing the Palisades — Tappan and Haverstraw bays — the "Highlands," and entering the bay of Newburgh, here presenting to the be- holder a most interesting and grand view of river and mountain scenery, being deeply connected with stirring events of the war of the Revolution. The Hudson Biver Bailroad, extend- ing to Albany, 145 miles, runs along the east bank of the river, passing through all the villages and landings, affording the most speedy means of conveyance to Peekskill, West Point and Fishkill, situated opposite Newburgh, with which it is connected by a steam ferry, thus presenting two modes of convey- ance to the tourist. The Grand Central Railroad Depot, corner Fourth Avenue and Forty- second Street, is the terminus of the Hudson Biver Bailroad, New York and Har- lem Railroad and the New York and New Haven Bailroad, all being important lines of travel running east, north and west, connecting with other railroads running in almost every direction through the New England States, Canada and the Western States, connecting with steamers running on the St. Law- rence River and the Great Lakes of Ameri^'a. CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY OF THE Principal Mercantile Houses MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS, IMPORTERS, AGENTS, &c., Engaged in Business in the City of New York, ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED. This List is unavoidably incomplete, as many Firms were not called on, and others declined having their names inserted on the terms proposed. i^fe fork. 1876. INTELLIGENCE, HONESTY AND WEALTH. While engaged in the arduous duty of compiling "New York as It Was and as It Is," it lias been made apparent that there is sufficient Intelligence, Honr esty and Wealth in the community, if rightly applied, to correct all the great evils under which the Metropolis of the Empire State is laboring at the present time. The community may be said to be divided into four separate classes, standing aloof from each other in social life — the wealthy, the middle class, the indus- trious laboring poor, and the intemperate and ignorant poor — all being equally privileged as regards citizenship. The unprincipled wealthy portion, of all parties, who, when in power, rob the public, and the degraded poor are the two portions of the community to be feared. They are usually found to work together for party objects, one supply- ing the capital for election purposes and the other the votes, in order to secure power. Such at the present time is the working of our republican institutions, as exists in Municipal, State and National affairs, the honest portion of the community being deprived of their rights and voice in government by being thus overruled. The only remedy left is the combination of the people in one party, consisting of the wealthy, the middle class and the intelligent laborer, uniting for self-de- fence, irrespective of nationality, as an independent party throughout the Union, and endeavor at once to stop the tendency toward corrupt legislation and robberyc In order to perpetuate this system it will be necessary to introduce a " Civil Service Reform ;" also have City, State and National officers elected for longer periods than at present — say for two, four or six years — incumbents being subject to removal from office for misdemeanors. Adopt this plan, and our political evils, which are a disgrace to the nation, would iu a great measure be prevented — punishing all defaulters who are office-holders by sending them to a penal colony, to be established by the National Government. Bepuhlican Institutions can only he perpetuated by Intelligence and Honesty. Classified Business Directory, ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY. Agencies, Commercial and Mer- cantile. Bradstreet, J. M, & Son, 279 B'way and 57 Reade st. Dun, Barlow & Co., 335 B'way and 80 Wall St. Ferris, Garlock & Co., 335 Broadway. McKiLLOP & Sprague Co., 109 and 111 Worth St. Retail Dealers' Protective Ass., 35 Union sq. Simpson & Smith, 66 Courtlandt st. U. S. Mercantile Reporting Co., 335 B'way. Assents, Advertising. Abbot & Co., 141 Fulton and 20 Ann st. Bankers' & Brokers' Adv. Ass., 52 B'way. Bates & Locke, 34 Park row. Buys & CoflBn, 194 Broadway. Chisholm, Alex. Robert, 52 Broadway. Clegg, Charles A., Tribune Building. Conent, Hermon & Co., 52 Broadway. D AUGHT & Co., 191 Fulton st. Davis, Bernard S., 165 Broadway. Deyo, Peter K., 7 Beekman st., up stairs. Faulkner T. G., 126 Fulton st. FuUer, J. W., 338 Broadway. Hitchcock, Henry M., 769 Broadway. Maten, Charles & Co., 37 Park row Peaslee & Co., 5 Beekman st. Pettengill, S. M. & Co., 37 Park row. Railway Advertising Co., 63 Broadway. Richards, Joseph H., 245 Broadway. RowELL, George P. & Co., 41 Park row. Sharpe, W. W. & Co., 25 Park row. Soper, I. N. & Co., 27 City Hall Square. Agents, Patent. Brown & Allen, 258 Broadway. Burke & Fraser, 37 Park row. Hazeltine, Lake & Co., 247 Broadway. Inglis, John & Co., 39 Park row. McLean, James P., 133 Nassau st. MuNN & Co. , 37 Park row. Munson, Albert L., 35 Pine st. Boeder, Henry E., 302 Broadway. Serrell, Lemuel W., 119 Nassau st. I Smith, Earle H., 302 Broadway. Vansantvoord & Haufl, 41 Park roWo Whitney, James A., 212 Broadway. Agents, Real Estate. Beekman, L. & T. H., 81 Cedar st. Bergen John L., 82 Broadway. Berrian & Duffy, 162 Broadway. Cruikshank, William & E. A., 68 Broadway. Falconer, William H. & Son, 100 Fourth av. Ludlow, E. H. & Co., 3 Pine st. Price, James, 200 Hudson st. Ruland & Whitney, 5 Beekman st. Selden, S. Colt, 39 Nassau st. Thompson D. & Son, 56 Wall st. Wilkinson, Alfred, 99 Nassau st. Agricultural Implements, Dealers in. Allen, R. H. & Co., 189 Water st. Ames Plow Co., 53 Beekman st. Carr & Hobson, 56 Beekman st. Hovey, Geo. & Son, 71 John st. Lamson & Goodnow Mfg. Co., 50 Beek- man St. New York Plow Co., 55 Beekman st. Reeves, Robert C, 185 & 187 Water st. Vanderbilt Brothers, 23 Fulton st. White, Luther C, 50 Beekman st. Architects. American Institute of Architects, 128 Bway. Beckwith, Arthur, 111 Broadway. Bragaldi, Marshall & Co., 265 Broadway. Cady, Josiah C, 111 Broadway. Davis, Alexander J., University Building. D'Orsay & Co., 561 Broadway. Duggin & Grossman, 63 E. 41st st. Hatch, Buckley & Smith, 229 Broadway. Lockwood, Rembrandt, 293 Broadway. Schulze & Steinmetz, 744 Broadway. Upjohn, Richard M., Ill Broadway. West & Anderson, 14 Park pi. Art Furniture and Decorations. Herter Bros., 877 Broadway. Sypher & Co. (Antique Goods), 593 B'dwaj. 278 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Apothecaries.— See Druggists. Aquaria Depot. Greenwood & Seymour, 13 College pi. Artificial Flowers. Cormier, L. & Co., 151 Wooster st. Hem-ichs, Charles F. A., 31 Park pi. Hofheimer & Co., 494 Broadway. Jouard & LebatUy, 23 W. Houston st. Mendel & Loeb, 598 Broadway. Schnaler & Klein, 111 Grand st. Smith, Wm. W. & Co., 661 Broadway. White, Alansen, jr., 540 Broadway. Artificial liimbs. Bly, Douglas, 658 Broadway. Condell, J. & Son, 643 Broadway. Frees, Chauney A., 682 Broadway. Marks, Amasa A., 575 Broadway. Monroe, Joshua, 411 Canal st. Wickett & Bradley, 516 Broadway. Artists. Baker, George A., Association Building. Beard, William H., 51 West 10th st. Bierstadt, Albert, 51 West 10th st. Casilear, J. W., 51 West 10th st. Church Frederick E., 51 West 10th st. De Haas, M. F. H., 51 West 10th st. Durand A. B., South Orange, N. J. GifEord, S. R., 51 West 10th st. Guy, S. J., 51 West 10th St. Huntington^ Daniel, 49 East 20th st. Hart, William, Association Building. Hart, James M., 212 Fifth avenue. Irving, J. Beauvain, 51 West 10th st. Hicks, Thomas, 6 Astor pi. Hubbard, R. W., 51 West 10th st. Homer, Winslow, 51 West 10th st. Kurtz, W., Madison sq. near B'way. Le Clear, Thomas, 51 West 10th st. McEntee, Jarvis, 51 West 10th st. Page, William, 51 West 10th st. Smillie, James (engraver), Poughkeepsie. Smillie, James D., 212 Fifth av. Ward, J. Q. A., 9 West 49th st. Wein, Robert W., West Point, N. Y. Whittridge, William, 51 West 10th st. Artists' Iflaterials. Beiss & Heppe, 10 Park pi. Benoit A. V., 148 Fulton st. Devoe, F. W. & Co., 117 Fulton st. XeufEel & Esser, 111 Fulton st. Mintross, Newman E. , 1366 Broadway. Palm, Charles & Co., 84 Chambers st, Raynolds, C. T. & Co., 106 Fulton st. Schaus, William, 749 Broadway. Staab, C. P. & Co., 52 Barclay st. Stedwell, George H., 141 Fulton st. Arts, Dealers in Works of» Wood's Art Gallery, 826 Broadway. Assayers.— See Eefiners. Attorneys. Chittenden, Simon B., Jr., 145 Broadway, Cobb, John S., 67 WUliam st. Culver, E. D., 114 Nassau st. Hall, Abraham O., 291 Broadway. Jordan, Philip, 132 Nassau st. Merrill, Nelson, 4 Pine st. O'Conor, Charles, 59 Wall st. Smith, Walter E., 52 Broadway, (Room43,> Tilden, Samuel J., 12 Wall st. Townsend, John J., 76 Wall st. Tracy, Charles, 50 WaU st. Tracy, William, 128 Broadway. Waddington, James, 149 Broadway. Waterbury, Nelson J., 152 Broadway. Webster, Sydney, 29 Nassau st. Auctioneers. Agar, James, 59 New Bowery. Bangs, Merwin & Co. (books, etc.), 656 Broadway. Betts, Gerard & Co., 7 Old slip. Bissell, Wells & Millet, 15 Murray st. Bleecker, A. J. & Son, 9 Pine st. Burdett & Dennis, 29 Burling slip. Camp, Hugh N., 152 Broadway. Cole's, James, Son, 389 Fulton st., B'klyn. Draper, John H. & Co., 1112 Pearl st. Hadden & Co., 33 Chambers st. Halstead & Peters, 83 Warren st. Harnett, Richard V. , 111 Broadway. Haydock & Brother, 6 College pi. Hoffman, L. M., Son & Co., Ill Pearl st. Johnson, Jeremiah, Jr. , 21 Park row. Kennelly, William, 6 Pine st. Kobbe & Ball, 87 Leonard st. Leavitt, Geo. A. & Co, (books, etc.), Clin- ton Hall, Ludlow, E. H. & Co,, 3 Pine st. Mathewson, J. & Co., 4 Pine st. Miller, James, 1 Pine st. MuUer, A. H. & Son, 7 Pine st, Nicolay, Albert H. & Co., 43 Pine st. Pells & Co., 19 Pearl St. Richards, A, S. & Co., 7 College pi. Scott, George H., 52 Pine st. Stevenson, V. K., Jr., 11 Pine st, Wilmerding, Hoguet & Co., 112 Duane st. Awning and Tent Makers. American Awning Factory, 1280 Broadway. Johnston, James O., 752 Broadway, Martin, Thomas, 276 Canal st. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. Sherman, Wm. T., 946 Broadway. Sykes, Henry, 604 Broadway. Tyler, John W., 379 Bowery. Axe and Edge Tool Manufacturers. Collins & Co., 312 Water st. Douglas Axe Man'f'o^Co., 298 Broadway. Green, R. M. & Co., lOO Chambers st. Pillsbury, M. M, , 85 John st. Bags and Bagging. Asten, W. B. & Co., 25 Pearl st. Cooper, William B., Jr., & Co., 99 Pearl st. David, Henry R., 17 Piatt st. Lawson, Jacob & Co. , 40 Whitehall st. New York Bagging Co., 88^ Pine st. Parsons, Charles H., 80 Water st. Todd, Joseph C. & Co., 10 Barclay st. Bakers. Boyd, Andrew A. (Ship Bread, etc.), 219 Fulton St. Brown, Paul S., Third ave. cor. 9th st. Gilmon, J. D. & Co., 205 Greenwich st. Metz, Charles, 526 Greenwich st. Simpson, Andrew, 366 Bowery. Treadwells, E. & Son, 104 Warren st. Bank Note Companies. American, 142 Broadway, (see adv.) Continental, Greenwich st., cor. Liberty. National, 1 Wall st., cor. Broadway. Basket and \WoodenTvrare Dealers. Baums & Kahn, 43 Park Place. Burgher, John A., 68 Vesey st. Louderback, John A., 153 Chamber^ st. Robinson, Lord & Co., 147 Chambers st. Zinn, Charles & Co., 406 Broadway. Bedding, Dealers in. Alden, Wm. E. & Co., 246 Canal st. Freund, J. & Co., 339 Grand and 359 E. Houston St. Howe, Otis & Tyler, 173 Canal st. Kittle, S. P., 203 Canal st. Mellen & Co., 142 & 144 Worth st. National Wire Mattress Co. , 279 Sixth av. Schenck, James V., 183 Canal st. Willard & Rogers, 384 Hudson st. Bedstead Manufacturers. Baker, Henry, 189 Canal st., & 330 Seventh av. Comins, George T., 393 Canal st. Fisk, Russell C., 46 New Bowery. Kelly, John, 41 Mott st. 279 Billiard Table Manufacturers. Bollmann, Ferdinand, 216 William st. Collender, Hugh W., 738 Broadway. Decker, L. & Co., 154 Centre st. Griffith, W. H. & Co., 40 Vesey st. Grote, Charles, 9 Henry st. Phelan, George E., 36 E. 14th & 449 Wo 41st sts. Rothermel, John, 1334 Third av. JBird Cages. Gunther G., 103 & 105 William st. Lindemann, O. & Co., 254 Pearl st. Birds, Dealers in. Bagot, Joseph, 31 Fulton st. Collier, John H., 78 Fulton st. Douglass, Thomas, 200 W. 40th st. Finck, Henry, 45 Avenue A. Blacking Manufacturers. Amson, Louis, & Co., 424 Broadway. Bartlett, H. A. & Co., 143 Chambers st. Joseph, I. & J. A , 15 & 17 Crosby st. Miller, Frank, Son & Co., 18 Cedar st. Restorff & Bettmann, 120 Green st. Sheldon, S. W. & Dunscomb, 94 Reade st. Turner, Joseph W., & Co., 96 John st. Wadelton, Joseph, 5 John st. Blind Manufacturers. Bradley & Currier, 54 & 56 Dey st. Hall, William & Sons, 99 Forsyth st. and 667 First av. Jenkins, William H. & Son, 247 Canal st. Lee Box and Lumber Co., Eleventh av. cor 21st St. Block and Pump Manufacturers. Burlingham & Purdy, 103 Chambers st. Burr & Co., 31 Peck slip. Boat Builders. Blackburn David, foot Grand st. Everson, Jas., 453 First st., Brooklyn, E. D, Hoffman & Brother, 391 South st. Ingersoll, A. M., 156 South st. Roberts, Stephen, 368 and 373 South st. Boiler Makers. Andrews, Wm. D. & Bro., 414 Water st. Cobanks & Theall, foot Bethune st. Murphy, McCurdy & Warden, 74 Beach st. Shearman, Isaac H., 45 Courtlandt st. 280 NEW YOEK AS IT IS. Bookbinders. Alexander, Geo. W., 110 & 112 Wooster st. Bradstreet, J. M. & Sou, 279 Broadway. Francis & Loutrel, 45 Maiden lane. Haddon & Co., 207 Centie st. Hosford & Sons, 56 Cedar st. Patterson, George Y. , 19 Rose st. Russell & Banks, 23 Rose st. Rutter, Robert, 82 Beekman st. Sackmann, H. E. & Sons, 39 Centre st. Shaw, J. G. (Blank Books), 538 Pearl st. Shipman, Asa L., 29 Ann st. Walker, E., Sons (Estab. 1836), 55 Dey st Bookbinders' Stock. Campbell, John & Co., 164 William st. Griffin, H. & Sons, 64 Duane st. Hewitt, C. B. & Brother, 48 Beekman st. Rose, George L., 182 William st. Booksellers. To the Editors of the New York Evening Post is due the credit of publishing, from time to time, notices of eminent Booksellers and Publishers, "giving credit to whom credit is due," for disseminating useful knowledge to the world at large. Booksellers and Publisliers. Adams, Victor & Co., 98 William st. Agar, Alexander, Bookseller and Stationer, 110 William st. Appleton, D. & Co., Publishers and Book- sellers, 551 Broadway. Appleton, John L., 19 Third st.,nr. B'way. Baker, Voorhis & Co., Law Booksellers, 66 Nassau st. Banks & Bi'other, Law Booksellers, 144 Nassau st. Baker, Pratt & Co., 142 Grand st. Butler, W. L., 33 Union sq. Barnes, A. S. & Co., Publishers, 111 Wil- liam st. Brentano, August, 39 Union sq. Bouton, J. W., Bookseller, 706 Broadway. Bumton, Richard, 92 Fourth av. and 298 Broadway. Carlton & Co., G. W., Publishers and Booksellers, 192 Fifth av. Christern F. W., Foreign Books, 77 Univer- sity place. Carter, Robert & Bros., Theological, 530 Broadway. Clark & Maynard, 5 Barclay st. Collins & Brother, Publishers and Book- sellers, 370 Broadway. De Witt, Robert M., Publisher, 33 Rose st. Dick & Fitzgerald, Publishers, 18 Ann st. Dillingham, Charles T. , 678 Broadway. Diossy & Companv (Law), 86 Nassau st. Disturnell, John (Estab. 1829), 137 8th st. Dodd & Mead, Publishers, 751 Broadway. Dutton, E. T. & Co., Booksellers, 713 Broadway. Ellis, Harley, Books and Jeweliy, 823 Broadway. Feri-y, J. Milton, 76 Boweiy. Ford, S. B. & Co., 27 Park pi. and 24 Mur- ray St. Francis, David G., xlooKseller, 17 Astor pi. Gurley, Henry, Bookseller, 812 Fulton av., cor. Fourth av. Hale, E. J. ^ Broadway. Remington, E. & Sons, 281 Broadway. [Fire Detector. American Fire Detector Company, C. D. Fredericks, Pres., 137 Eighth st. Fisl&ing Tackle, Abbey & Imbria, 48 Maiden la., 35 Liberty St. Barbour Brothers, 134 Church st. Barton, Alexander & Waller, 101 Duane st. Clark, D. W. & J. D., 163 Chambers st. Hawks & Ogilvy, 300 Broadway. Mills, Thomas, 7 Warren st. Onion & Cornwall, 18 Warren st. Peck & Snyder, 126 Nassau st. Plath, Charles, 552 Grand st. Queripel, Henry, Jr., 175 Tenth av. Snyder, Ward B., 84 Fulton st. Travels, J. P. & Son, 46 Beekman st. Flags and Banners. Annin & Co. (Established 1847), Fulton cor. William st. Burtine, Edwin R., 149 Fulton st. Grambach, J. E. & Co.; 215 Fulton st. McFaddon S. & Co., 198 Hudson st. Salisbm-y & Co., 159 Duane st. Florists. Gabrielson, Gunerius, 821 Broadway. Welterle & Belows, 958 Broadway, comef Twenty-third st. Fruit Dealers. Murphy, Joseph, 194 Broadway. Smith, W. & C, 189 Broadway. Smith & Finch, 86 Beaver st. Fur Dealers. Backus, M. M. & Co., 768 Broadway. Gunther, C. Godfrey & Co., 19 Union sq. Gunther, C. G. & Sons, 502 and 504 B'way, Mahler, Moritz, 849 Broadway. Furnaces aud Heaters. Burtis & Graff, 237 Water st. FuUer, Warren & Co., 236 Water st. Furnisliing Goods, men's. SUleck, D. C. & Cox, 180 Broadway. Ward, E. M. & W., 862 Broadway. Witthaus, G. H. & E. J. & Co. (whole- sale), 496 Broadway. Furniture Dealers. Irving & Son, 204 to 208 East 27th st. Krutina, Frederick, 96 & 98 E. Houston st. Lee, William H., 199 Fulton st. and 277 Canal st. Sellew, T. G., 103 Fulton st. Wakefield, Rattan & Co., 814 Broadway. Ward, Warren & Co., 75 and 77 Spring st. Games and Toys. Horsman, E. I., 100 William st. and 72 John St. Johnson, George R., 43 Barclay st. Mapes, Stephen S., 37 Maiden la. Selchow, E. G. & Co., 41 John st. Gas Burner Makers. Gleason, E. P., Manuf'g Co., 20 W. Hous- ton st. Hunter, Charles A., 744 Broadway. Wallace & Sons, 89 Chambers st. and 71 Reade st. Gas Fixtures, &c. Cox, Henry T. & Co., 694 and 696 B'way. James Brothers, Automatic Gas, 615 B'way. Mitchel, Vance & Co., 597 Broadway. Gas Meter Makers. Amer. Meter Co., 512 W. 22d st. 286 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Harris, Griffin & Co., 49 Dey st. New York Gas Saving Meter Co., 5 Dey st. Gas Stoves. Bogart, A. L. & E. E., 702 Broadway. Sharp. James L. & Co., 198 Sixth av. TifEt & Howard, 12 Murray st. Gas Works, Portable. Gilbert & Barker Manufacturing Co., 238 Canal st. defiant Gas and Gas "Works Manufacturing Co., 13 Dey st. Under-ground Gas Machine Co., 39 Dey st. Glass, Dealers in. Bache, Semon & Co., 134 & 136 Duane st. Morris, Delano & Co. , 27 Chambers st. Roosevelt & Son, 94 Maiden Lane. Glass, liooking. Dealers in. Hooper, Thomas, 114 Nassau st. Noll, Saurel & Marnefle, 26 Howard st. Roosevelt & Son, 94 Maiden lane. Whittemore Brothers, 579 Broadway. Willard, John S., 251 Canal st. Wilmurt, Thomas A., 54 E. 13th st. Glass Manufacturers. Hagerty Bros. & Co., 10 Piatt st. Quinlan, Jeremiah, 138 William st. Walker, Wm. A,, 616 Broadway. Glove Cleaners. Basch, Heniy, 158 Broome st. O'Gorman, John, 599 Broadway. Gloves, Importers of. Harris Brothers, 877 Broadway. Ridley, Edward «& Son, 309 Grand st. Salisbury & Co., 159 Duane st. Thompson, Langdon & Co., 478 Broadway. Vienna & Paris Glove Co., 929 Broadway. Glue, Dealers in. Baeder, Adamson & Co., 67 Beekman st. Cooper, Peter & Co., 17 Burling slip. Hewitt, C. B. & Bro., 48 Beekman st. Marcus Brothers & Co., 274 Pearl st. MUligan & Higgins Glue Co., 200 Fulton st. Townsend, Charles, 116 John st. Gold Pen & Pencil Makers. Aiken, Lambert & Co., 12 Maiden lane. Fairchild, Leroy W. & Co., 110 William st. ■Foley John, 2 Astor House. Ludden's Gold Pen & Pencil Case Co., 179 Broadway. Grate Bars. New York Fuel and Grate Bar Co., 52 Wil- liam St. Salamander Grate Bar Co., 85 Liberty st. Grates and Fenders. Jackson, William H. & Co., 81 E. 17th st. Mott, J. L., 90 Beekman st. Stewart, T. B. & Co., 220 W. 23d st. Vannote & Pries, 394 Canal st. Gun and Pistol Makers. Barton, Alexander & Waller, 101 Duane st. Merwin, Hulbert & Co., 83 Chambers st. Remington, E. & Sons, 281 Broadway. Schuyler, Hartley & Graham, 19 Maiden la. United States Arms Co., 101 Duane st. Guns, Dealers in. Remington, E. & Sons, 281 and 283 B'way, Manufacturers of Breech-Loading Fire Arms, Ammunition, etc. Tomes, Francis & Co., 6 Maiden la. Hair Cloth. Johnson & Faulkner, 62 Greene st. Newman, Henry, 391 Broadway. Wagner, Schneider & Co., 185 Canal st. Hand Stamps. Cooke, G. K. & Co., 92 Chambers st. Davis Manufacturing Co., 79 Nassau st. Fenner & Co., 98 Liberty st. Stewart, George H. & Co., 29 William st. Hatters. Adams Brothers & Brush, 83 Green st. Amidon, T. H. & Son, 220 Fifth av. Bird, M. (Established 1837), 49 Nassau si. Burk (The Hatter), 214 Broadway, and 128 Fulton St. Dunlap & Co., 174 Fifth av. & 589 B'way. Hunt & Dusenbury (Established 1845), 3 Astor House. Knox, Charles, 212 Broadway. Mealio, Wm. C. & Co. (Established 1835), 416 Broadway. Terry, John R. (Hats and Furs), 865 B'way. Youmans, Daniel D., 819 and 1103 B'way. Harness Makers. Campbell, Richard, 50 Fourth av. Healtk Food. Health Food Company, 137 Eighth st. Healtli Lift. Health Lift Co., 46 East 14th st. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 287 Heating Apparatus. Angell & Blake Manufacturing Co., 730 Broadway. Bramhall, Deane & Co., 734 Broadway. Morse, James O., 76 John st. Simonds Manufacturing Co., 50 Cliff st. Warner, Wyllys H., 114 Leonard st. Horn Dealers. Buck, Louis, 313 Broadway. Cooper, John W., 359 Front st. Sullivan, Eugene, 11 Jacob st. Thompson, Gilbert, 348 Front st. Hotels. Albemarle, H. & T. Hagaman, 1101 Broadway cor. 34th st. Anthony House, Reynolds & Merritt, 834 Broadway. Arlington House, Lewis Stine, 33 E. 14th st. near Broadway. AsuLANu House, H. H. Brockway, 315 Fourth av. AsTOR House,* Allen & Dam, Broadway bet. Barclay and Vesey sts. Belvedere House, Joseph Wehrle, 17 Ir- ving pi. cor. 15th St. Brandreth House,* Kerr & Slader, Canal St. cor. Broadway. Brevoort House, Clark & Waite, 11 Fifth av. Buckingham Hotel,* Gale, Fuller & Co., Fifth av. and 50th st. Central Park,* Herman Knubel, Seventh av. and 59th st. Clarendon, Charles H. Kemer, Fourth av. cor. 18th St. Coleman House,* Jewell & Austin, 1167 Broadwav cor. 37th st. Cosmopolitan,* N. & S. J. Huggins, 139 Chambers st. Delmonico's,*L. Delmonico, Fifth av. and 14th St. Earle's Hotel, Earl Brothers, 341 Canal cor. Centre st. Everett House, Kemer & Weaver, Fourth av. and 17th st. Fifth Avenue Hotel, Darling, Griswold & Co., Fifth av. and 33d st. French's Hotel,* T. J. French & Bros., cor. Frankfort st. and City Hall pi. Gilsey House,* Breslin, Gardner & Co., 1303 Broadway. ..^ -r..^-.. Glenham House,t N. B. Barry, 155 Fifth av. Grand Hotel,* Henry M. Smith, Broad- way cor. 31st st. Grand Central, H. L. Powers, Broadway opp. Bond St. Grand Union,* Breslin, Purcell & Co., Fourth av. cor. 43d st. Hoffman House, C. H. Read, 1111 Broad- way, cor. 35th st. Hotel Brunswick,* Mitchell & Kinzler, Fifth av. and 36th st. Hotel Royal, Pieris & Co., cor, 40th st. and Sixth av. International Hotel,* Joshua Vanbrimmer, 17 and 19 Park row. Irving House, George P. Harlow, Broad- way cor, 13th St. Leggett's,* Leggett & Storms, 43 and 44 Chatham st. Mansion House, 151 Hicks st., Wklyn. Marlborough House, Wm. L. Fish, Sixth ave. cor. 38th st. Merchants' Hotel, Wm. G. Schenck, 39 Cortlandt st. Metropolitan Hotel, Breslin, Purcell & Co. 584 Broadway. Monument House, Nicholas Haughton, 6 Union sq. National Hotel, A. T. Halliday, 5 Cort- landt St. New England, Peter V. Husted, 30 Bowery. New York Hotel, F. Wrisley & Co., 731 Broadway. Occidental Hotel, J. F. Darrow, 343 Broome St. cor. Bowery. Oriental, F. M. Underbill, 43 Layfayette pi. Pacific Hotel, John Patten, 173 Greenwich St. Park Hotel,* George A. Crossett, 140 Nas- sau St. Pierrepont House, Montague cor. Hicks st., Prescott House, David Hexter, 531 B'way. Reverb House*, T. J. Coe & Son, 606 Broadway. RossMORE HousE,t Charlcs E. Leland, Broadway cor. Seventh av. St. Charles*, G. Dorval, 648 Broadway. St. Cloud, Rand Brothers, 1456 Broadway. St, Dennis,* Wm. Taylor and E. A. GUson, 799 Broadway. St. Germain,t Wm. G, Tompkins, 1 E, 33d St., cor. Broadway St. Nicholas, S. Hawk & Co., 515 B'way. St. James,* George B. Lester, B'way, cor. Twenty-sixth St. „ ,. . Sinclair House,* Ashman & Morton, 754 Broadway. ^ „ „tt • Spingler House,* J. F. Frost, 5 & 7 Union sq. ♦European Plan. tAmerican and European Plan. 288 NEW YORK AS IT IS. Stacy House, Stacy & Nelson, 760 B'way. Stevens House,* Allen & Bodwell, 25 B'way Sturtevant House, Lewis and Geo. S. Le- land, 1186 Broadway. Sweeny's Hotel, t Daniel Sweeny, comer Chambers and Chatham sts. Tremont House,* Caddagan & Hasbrouck, 665 Broadway. Union Place Hotel,* Thomas Ryan, 54 E. Fourteenth st. Union Square Hotel, Dam & Sanborn, 16 Union sq. United States Hotel, Traman & Peabody, 196 Water cor. Fulton st. Washington,* Chas. W. Dingley, 1 B'way. Westminster, Chas. B. Ferrin,125E. 16th st. Westmoreland, E. J. Kilbourne, Union sq. Windsor Hotel, Hawk, Waite & Wether- bee, 565 Fifth av. House Furnisliing Ooods. Baldwin, J. H., 26 Murray st. Bassford, E. D., Cooper Institute, 8th st. Hubbell, John E., 922 Broadway. Parke, John, Hardware, &c., 345 Sixth av. House Furiiisliing Hai*di;i'are. Howard, Wm. O., 553 Third av. Lewis & Conger, 601 Sixth av. and 1306 Broadway. Ice Cream. Fussell, J. & Sons, 12 Bible House. Horton, J. M., 1264 B'way & 305 Fourth av. JeweU, Alfred, 262 Grand and 118 Bowery. Ice Companies. Knickerbocker, 432 Canal st. Washington, 434 Canal st. Importers. Bowie, Dash & Co., Coffee, 166 Pearl st. Cort, N. L. & Co., Tin Plate, etc., 220 Wa- ter St. and 115 Beekman st. Durkee, E. R. & Co., 135 to 139 Water st. Le Bontilhen &, Bride, Fancy Goods, 10 Maiden lane. Mangin, V. E. J., Guedin & Co., Watches, etc., 652 Broadway. Schuyler, Hartley & Graham, Bronzes, etc., 19 Maiden lane. Spies, Kissam & Co., Guns, etc., 229 B'way. Story, Rufus & Co., Spices, 7 & 9 Front st. India Rubber Ooods. Goodyear India Rubber M'f'g Co., 205 Broadway and 162 and 164 Fulton st. Goodyear Rubber Co., 365 and 367 B'way. New York Belting and Packing Co., 37 and 39 Park row. New York Rubber Co., 5 and 7 Dey st. Iron Beams, &c. Cornell, J. B. & J. M., 141 and 143 Centre, and 526 W. 26th st. New Jersey Steel and Iron Co. , 17 Burling slip. Pierson & Co., 24 B'way and 77 New st. Iron Founders. u^tna Iron Works, 103 Goerck st. Architectural Iron Works, 624 E. 14th st. Calkin, Freeman Brant, 515 W. 25th st. Cook & Radley, 218 E. 37th st. Cornell, J. B. & J. M., 141 and 143 Cen- tre St. Plain and Oraamental (See Adv.) Dimond James G., 209 W. 33d st. Jackson, James L., 315 E. 28th st. Nichol & Billerwell, 224 W. Houston st. Worrall & Co., 28 Elm st. Iron Manufacturers. Coddington, T. B. & Co., 27 Cliff st. Congreve, Charles & Son, 104 John st. Cooper, Hewitt & Co., 17 Burling slip. Crocker Brothers, 32 Cliff st. Dunham, Carrigan & Co., 22 Vesey st Egleston Brothers & Co., 166 South st. Oothout, William, 3 Cliff st. Richards, Daniel W. & Co., 92 Mangin st. Trimble, Merritt, 21 Piatt st. Wetmore & Co., 365 Greenwich st. Whitney, Alfred R. & Bro., 58 Hudson st Williamson, James & Co., 69 WaU st. Jew^elers. Allen, George C. (Diamonds, &c.), 1190 B'way. Benedict, A. C, 28 Bowery. Benedict Brothers, 171 Broadway. Black, Starr & Frost, Fifth av. cor. 28th st. Fellows & Co. (Watches and Diamonds), 17 Maiden lane. Fellows, Forster & Co. (Watches, &c.), 11 Maiden lane. Ladd, Wm. F. (Established in 1828), 19 Wall St. Moir, William (Diamonds, etc.), 373 Sixth av. Squire, H. N., 97 Fultonst. Starr & Marcus, 22 John st. Tiffany & Co. (Diamonds, etc.), 15 Union sq. Thomas, S., 311 Fulton st., Brooklyn. Label Manufacturers. Crump & Everdell, 75 Fulton st. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 289 Everdell's, William Sons, 104 Fulton st. Price Brothers, 112 Fulton st. Salisbury & Co., 159 Duane st. Wemple, Charles E. & Co., 23 Day st. liace Dealers. Aziel, Erdmann & Co., 168 Church st. Macdonald, Robert, 468 Broadway. Salisbury & Co., 159 Duane st. Yard, Edmund, Jr., & Co., 61 Leonard st. Ladies' Slioemakers. Arnold, William & Co., 781 Broadway. Bennett, J. C. & Bernard, 51 Warren st. licad, Dealers in. Crooke, Edward & Co., ft. W. 15th st. Leroy, Thomas, Otis & Co., 261 Water st. Lead Pipe. Colwell Lead Co., 213 Centre st. Leroy, Thomas, Otis & Co., 261 Water st. New York Lead Co., 65 Centre st. Plumbers' Lead Co., 60 Duane st. Tatham & Brothers, 82 Beekman st. Xeatlier Dealers. Adler, Sigmund, 37 Frankfort st. Andrews', Loring Sons, 61 Cliff st. Arthur, Henry, 84 Gold st. Beswick, Thomas, 275 Front st. Bucking Leather Co., 39 Spruce st. Burbauk & Baldwin, 27 Spruce st. Carroll, James, rear 66 Frankfort st. Chatfield, Underwood & Co., 29 Ferry st Evans, George & Son, 1 Jacob st. Foul, J. G. , 51 Wai-ren st. Gamer, Thomas, 180 William st. Herrick, Silas W., 12 Jacob st. Hogg, William, 52 Ferry st. Hopkins, Frank C, 46 Ferry st. Howell, T. P. & Co., 77 Beekman st. Hoyt, J. B. & Co., 28 Spruce st. Jones, Benjamin W., 38 Spruce st. Lutkins, Theodore L., 40 Spruce st. Nagel & Werner, 62 Duane st. Schultz, Jackson S., 65 Cliff st. Libraries, Circulating. New York Eclectic, 33 Union sq. Life Preservers, Kahnweiler, David, 120 Centre st. Lime, Ferguson & Co., 610 W. 39th st. Mclntyre, Edmund H. , 87 Dey st. Malone, Patrick M., 393 W. 12th st. Miller, William A., 121 West st. Osbom, Henry S., 115 West st. Linen Goods, Dealers in. Ballin, G. & J., 213 Church st. Douglass, David & Co., 91 Franklin st. Jaffe, O. & Piukus, 89 Leonard st. Longmire, Elmore & Mackenzie, 400 B' way. McGibbon & Co., 172 Fifth av. Baton & Co., 113 Duane st. Scott Brothers, 198 Church st. Watt, Wm. & Co., 60 Leonard st. White, James F. & Co., 54 Worth st. WindmuUer, Louis & Roelker, 20 Reade st. LitIi.ograpb.er8. American Photo-Lithographic Co., 103 Fulton St. Endicott & Co., 57 Beekman st. Hatch Lithographic Co., 32 and 34 Vesey st. Laing, Joseph, 107 Fulton st. Major & Knapp, 56 and 58 Park pi. Maverick, Steven & Co., 176 Fulton st. Mayer, Ferdinand, 96 Fulton st. Nesbitt, George F. & Co., 163 to 169 Pearl St. New York Lithographing and Engraving Co., Julius Bien, supt., 16 and 18 Park pi. Pelletreau & Raynor, 35 Vesey st. Snyder & Black, 92 WUliam st. Wood, Thomas, 81 Nassau st. Livery Stables. Brown, Ira, 54 University pi. lurguson, George N. & Frank, 120 W. 52d St. New York Transfer Co., 945 Broadway. Queen, Montgomery, 57 Irving pi. Ryerson, Brown & Davis, 32 and 73 Uni- versity pi. ITIantel Ornaments. Starr & Marcus, 22 John st. Map Dealers. Asher & Adams, 59 Beekman st. Beers, J. B. & Co., 36 Vesey st. Bidwell & Co , 25 Bond st. Bridgeman, Edward C, 5 Barclay st. Colton, G. W. & C. B. & Co., 17 WUliamst. Johnson, A. J., Great Jones st. Lloyd, H. H. & Co., 21 John st. Steiger, E., 22 Frankfort St. Waker, Jewett & Miller, 141 Fulton st. Watson, Gayloi'd, 16 Beekman st. Marble Dealers. Casoni & Isola, Monuments, etc., 146 to 152 W. Fortieth st. Klaber, Adolph, 136 E. Eighteenth st. Sichols, W. D. & A. S., 73 Hudson st. 290 NEW YORK AS IT IS. masonic Goods. Howell, D. B. & Co., Masonic Temple, 23d St. and Sixth av. Mathematical Instrument Makers. Eggerts, D., Sons, 74 Wall st. Hunter, Hugh W., 1132 Broadway. Pikes, Benj., Son, 518 Broadway. Mattresses, Dealers in. Brantigan, F. A., 661 Broadway. Merchant Tailors. Baldwin & Co., Broadway and Canal st. Brooks Brothers, Broadway and Bond st. Derby, F. & Co., (Established 1829), 3 Clin- ton pi., 8th St. Devlin & Co., Broadway & Grand st. and Freeman & Woodruff, 241 Broadway. Jessup & Co., Broadway. Raymond & Co., 127 Fulton st. Sackett & Miller, 6 Fourth av. Thompson, J. B., 64 Nassau st. Torrey & Jenkins, 55 W. 23d st. Metals, Dealers in. Coddington, F. B. & Co., 27 Cliff st. Crocker Brothers, 32 Cliff st. Phelps, Dodge & Co., 19 and 21 Cliff st. Pope, Thomas J. & Brother, 292 Pearl st. Quincy, John W., 98 William st. Military Goods. Hortsmann Brothers & Allen, 7 Bond st. Remington, E. & Sons, 281 Broadway. Schuyler, Hartley & Graham, 19 Maiden la. Shannon, Miller & Crane, 46 Maiden la. Tomes, Francis & Co., 6 Maiden la. Milliners and Dress Makers. Clark & McLoughlin, 889 Broadway. Higgins, M.T., Millinery and Fancy Goods, 52 W. 14th St. Magnus, J., 343 Sixth av. Olney, C. M., 30 E. 14th st. O'Neill, H. & Co., 327 and 329 Sixth av. Trumbull, Madame, 367 Bowery. Millinery Goods. Shannon, Miller & Crane, 46 Maiden la. Tomes, Francis & Co., Guns, etc., 6 Maiden lane. Mineral Waters. Bolen & Byrne, 231 E. Twenty-eighth st. Gelston, John, 4 Broad st. and 340 Fifth av. Schenck & Co., 55 Beekman st. Schultz, Carl H., 860 Broadway and 432 First av. Smith, Hanbury & Hazard, 35 Union sq. and 309 Broadway. Walker, Thomas, 112 E. Fourteenth st. Mourning Goods. Jackson, W., 777 Broadway. Music Dealers. American Conservatory of Music, 144 Fifth av. Hall, Thomas J., 814 Broadway. Hopkins, Edward, 861 Broadway. Pond, Wm. A. & Co., 547 Broadway and 39 Union sq. Waters & Sons, 481 Broadway. Nail Makers. Fuller, Lord & Co., 139 Greenwich st. Morris, Wheeler & Co., 14 Cliff st. Oxford Iron Co., 81 to 85 Washington st. Parker Mills, 73 Pearl st. Waterman, L. C. & Co., 181 Canal st. Naval Stores, Dealers in. Creed, George H., 49 Warren st. Cuthbert, John H. & Co., 38 Burling slip. King, John, 141 Maiden la. Turton, John, 133 Maiden la. News Companies. American, 119 and ^21 Nassau st. National, 122 Nassau st. New York, 18 Beekman st. Wilmer & Rogers, 31 Beekman st. Oil Dealers. Mayhew & Co., 140 Front st. Pratt, Charles & Co., 128 Pearl st. Opticians. Burbank, S. D. & Co . , 14 Maiden la. Kahn, Benoit, 703 Broadway. Pike, Benjamin, Son, 518 Broadway. Organs, Manufacturers of. Billings & W^heelock, "Burdett Organ," 14 E. Fourteenth st. Needham, E. P. & Son, " Silver Tongue," 143 and 145 E. Twenty-third st. Painters. Chapman, Warren & Son, 131 Liberty st. Paints, Dealers in. Devoe, F. W. & Co., 115 and 117 Fulton st. Empire Iron-Clad Paint Co., 30 West B'way. National Mixed Paint, 68 Barclay st. Raynolds, C. T. & Co. (See Adv.), 106 and 108 Fulton St. BUSINESS DIEECTOEY. 291 Paper Dealers. Anderson, J. F., Jr., &Co.,34 Beekmanst. Ay res, J. B. & Co., 33 Beekman st. Bulkley, Dunton & Co., 74 John st. Campbell, Hall & Co., 110 and 112 Nas- sau St. Hand & Elsworth, 51 Beekman st. Hard, Melvin. & Son, 25 Beekman st. Liudenmeyr \.leppo. CtzlDa, ^tla^ Hecla, ^^Igeria, Java, Batavia, Kedar, Bothnia, ilVtalta, nVEaratlion Oalabria, nVEorocco, Olyrnpias, !E*alii.ayra, Partliia, R,u.ssia, Samaria, Saragossa, Scy-tlxia, Si"beria, Scotia, Sidon., Tarifa, Triii.id.ad.. From NEW YORK, every Wednesday and Saturday. From BOSTON, Twice a Week. Vroirt Netv York or Boston to lAverpool. FIRST CLASS, - $80, $100 and $130, Gold. According to Accommodation. RETURN TICKETS, - On Favorable Terms. TICKETS TO PARIS, $15, Gold, additional. STEERAGE, - At very Low Rates. Steerage Tickets from Liverpool and Queenstown and all parts of Europe, at very low rates. Through Bills of Lading given for Belfast, Glasgow, Havre, Antwerp and other ports on the Continent, and for Mediterranean ports. Apply, in BOSTON, to JAMES ALEXANDER, 99 State Street. Apply, in CHICAGO, to P. H. DU VERNET, cor. Clark and Randolph Streets. In NEW YOEK, for Freight and Passage, apply at Company's Office, No. 4 Bowung Green. RA.TES OF From Liverpool to Netv York or Boston. By Steamers not Carrying Steerage. FIRST CLASS, - - - £26 SECOND CLASS, - - - 18 Bv Steamers Carrying Steerage. FIRST CLASS, - 15, 17 and 21 Guineas According to Accommodation. CHAS. G. FUAKCKLYK Agent. olyd:^: *fe ^• o. o Coastwise and West India Steam Lines BETWEEJS^ JS-EW YORK ^AYANA, Cuba. fJAYTiAN AND St, Domingo Ports. Palyeston, Texas. Pharleston, S. p. Wilmington, ]^. p. ^Philadelphia, ^a. JPSILADELPIIIA ^OSTON AND Providence. Pharleston, ^. p. J^orfolk: and JIichmond, yA. Alexandria and "Washington, J). Q. NEW OnLEAWS, La., PEDAI^ J^^EYS AND J^^EY )^EST, J^LOI^, AND J^AYANA, pUBA. OIT'ITI C E S 6 Bowling Green, NEW YORK -12 So. Wharves, PHILADELPHIA, iyw/wJL5t ^ liitit MUTUAL INSURANCE CO., Office, 51 Wall St., NBW YOBK. OR&^]SriZIGI3 1843. Insures against Marine & Inland Navigation Risks, AND WILL ISSUE POLICIES MAKING LOSS PAYABLE IN ENGLAND. Its Assets for the Security of Policies are more than The profits of the Company revert to the assured, and are divided annually, upon the Pre- miums terminated during the year, Certificates of which are issued, bearing interest until re- deemed. JOHN D. JONES, rresident. W. H. H. MOORE, M Vice-President. CHARLES DENNIS, Vice-President. J. H. CHAPMAN, Secretanj. ^if No. 35 Wall Str^eet. INCORPORATED APRIL, 1842. Assets, January, 1875, $1,000,000. This Company continues to make Insurance against MARINE AND INLAND TRANS- PORTATION RISKS, upon Merchandise, Vessels and Freights, on the most favorable terms and conditions. For the accommodation of Shippers to European ports. Policies are issued, making loss payable by Rathbone Brothers & Co., at Liverpool or London, if desired. ELLWOOD WALTER, President. 0. J. DESPAED, Secretary. A. G. MONTaOMERY, Jr., Vice-President. A. "W. HEGEMAN, 2d Vice-Presidents. ^cfxopjoXiiun %nsnxvincc ®jcr,^ Wo. 108 BMOAJDWAYy OAI^ITAL, NBW YOMJK, S300,000 WITH A LARGE SURPLUS. This Company insures at customary Rates of Premium against loss or damage by Fire. IF PREMIUMS ARE PAID IN GOLD, LOSSES WILL BE PAID IN GOLD. ROBERT M. C. GRAHAM, President. SAMUEL J. YOUNG, Secretary. North British 2^ Mercantile Insurance Company OF LONDON AND EDINBURGH, C. B. JVew Yorh Office, - - 54 Williajn St., cor. Pine. Paid up and Subscribed Capital $10,000,000 Gross Fire Sui-plus and Reserve Fund 4,200,000 Life Assets and Annuities 13,500,000 $27,700,000 Securities and moneys held in this country for the benefit of Policy Holder8.$ 1,600,000 ^^ Agencies in most of the principal Cities and Towns in tlie United States. EZRA WHITE, CHAS. E. WHITE, SAM. P. BLAGDEN, Managers. ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY Of Liverpool and London, Eng. riRE AND LIFE. Office, No. 56 Wall Slreet Assets in Gold $17,000,000 Assets in United States 2,000,000 A. B. McDonald, E. F. BEDDALL, Agents. EQUITABLE FIRE W&, 58 Wall Street, INCORPORATED IN 1823. CASH CAPITAL $210,000 SURPLUS 300,000 RICHARD J. THORNE, President. JOHN MILLER, Secretary. 14^ BROJlJD^^TJlY, JVJSJW^ YORK, ENGRAVE AND PRINT Bank Notes, Bonds, Bills of Exchange, Certificates of Stock, AND ALL KINDS OF SECURITIES. Albert G. Goodall, President. C. L. Van Zandt, F. Pves. & Manager. Theo. H. Freeland, Secretary. Geo. H. Stayner, Treasurer. INTEBESTIira GAMES TOE CHILDEEN. LETTER SHEETS WITH VIEWS, &c. (Late Kimmkl & Forstkr) Practical Engravers, Lithographers, Printers AND PRINT COLOREES. PUBUSHERS OF RELIGIOUS AND OTHER PICTURES FOR THE TRADE, CHROMO & ALL OTHER KINDS OF LABELS FOR TRUNKS, CONFECTIONERIES & FANCY BOXES. 254: and 256 CANAL STREET, NEW YORK, CHMSTOPHBB KIMMEL, HENRY E. P. VOIOT. "I«^o Brancla Offices." Establislied 181S. WM. EVERDELL'S SONS, LABELS AKI) SHOW CABSS If or Canned. GS-oods, Spices, Soaps, Baking BoAvder, Extracts, Blacking, Bluing, Dry Groods, Liq^nor, Tobacco, Ham, Bacon, Lard, Coffee, Choco- late, Starch, Candies, Bickles, Baints, Braxgs, Flonr, ]VInstard, Catsnp, «Scc. Es-balDlislieca. ±3x IVTO. O. T. RA-YN^OLDS & CO., Importers, Mamifacturers and Dealers in Paints, Oils, Varnishes $c Colors, ARTISTS' AND PAINTERS' MATERIALS, M. 106 & 108 Fulton St, New York, aM 21 Lake St,CliiGap,llL CttA.RLK8T.KAYNOLDS, THOMAS B. HIDDEN, LEONARD RICHARDSON. EDWARD L. MOLINEUI, A; '^ » S S M Ci 3> L. 02 o a ■" WJ <( 55 « o •i§ .-S O h c8 g S « CO S 5 •Q ,^ ^ ■£! § ^^ S 9 g m CC tc -; cS i5 .£ S^-^ O! fl O 5 6£H a "fH 3 >» .1-1 th (U W I— I (U C^ ^ ^ fl S ^ £ ™ »H O o fl H eS a >.•« as fl a .2 irE^aTj-'e togrt -tJ 60 2*5 C»& rtnl <; o <» 1'^ /o .H =2 -2 -2 S "S ^ HH -M CO •-' «8 5 -^ BOSTON 9 STUDIO BUD'Gi Geographical and Statistical Works PUBLISHED BY Price. 1. New York as It Is, for 1833-37 - $1 00 2. Hudson River Guide, with Map, 1834. - 50 3. Picturesque Beauties of the Hudson River, 3 Nos. , 1835 3 00 4. Thirty-Three Miles Around New York, with Map, 1839 I 50 5. Gazetteer of the State of New York, with Map, 1842 2 00 6. New York State Register, with Appendix, 1843-1858 1 50 7. Picturesque Tourist, a Guide for Travelers, 1844 2 00 8. Railway and Steamship Guide, Quarterly, 1846-1860 25 9. Treaty Map of the Republic of Mexico, 1847- 1 50 10. United States Register, or Blue-Book, 1851-1875 2 00 11. Trip Through the Lakes and River St. Lawrence, 1857 2 00 12. Influence of Climate in the World, with Map, 1860 1 00 13. Influence of Climate in North and South America, 8vo, 1867 4 00 14. Post-office Directory, 1865-1873 - 3 00 15. Map of the United States and Canada, by J. Calvin Smith 1 00 16. Across the Continent and Around the World, 1871-1873 50 17. Sailing on the Great Lakes and Rivers of America, 1874 3 00 18. Map of Lake Superior and Surrounding Country, 1874 75 19. Guide to Mackinac and its Vicinity, with Map, 1875. 1 00 20. Centennial Map of the Country, 136 Miles around Philadelphia, 1876. Price, Pocket Form 2 50 Mounted on Rollers - 4 00 21. New York As It Was and As It Is, with Map and Embellishments, 1876 3 00 m° Copies of some of the Old Editions of the above Works can be supplied for the use of Libraries, etc. -A-ess, J. DISTURNELL, 137 Eighth Street, ; "oftHB VrSSHOWING THE Ir d s,I\ ail roads etc^ BHEB BY^J^msfimNELL, I sii-t^^l^ ^o^\ YorK I-irnOK SNYDKK & BLACK. 92 WTHIAM ST.X.Y Enlercd accordijig (v Act of'Corujrc.ss in 187 G. By JOHN DISTURN ELL, he Office orthe Librarian of Coiujrc.s.s, Ifas/iiju/ton. D.C REFERENCES. FARKS cmdFUBLlC PZACJSS ai-e Colored^ green arid desixfrmterl chs f'o1Ioid,s JL The Bauer y MidLsort Sijniaj'e «> -^■^. ^^ ^^t. .^^^ aV ■/•'. 3^ "^^ .»* '^>>. .** % - -■■ -^-^' ^' - •-> v , ^- -o ^ '■ '^ ''a/' ' -0*^ ^ . ^ ' « * '-% •-> ^> ■- '■ <-' ', ■^o'^ . ::- - . ^• -^rU c^. * ,. .. ^ ^ . %■ 'A,.^y^ ./■% --* A^ N' . 0> ^ V W;, '^^, -i A^^' -^r ^ , ' » . I * ,\ x-^-' ■> ""^A V*' ,0°., -."I n^ » V . „ , ^, {/ -oo^ - ^ -^_. <^ V- V" ^; ..s^^ ..^'^ "^. * a: