F 159 
 .ni3 C8 
 Copy 2 
 
 Fort McDowell Monument 
 Dedicatory Services 
 
 October 5, 1916. 
 
 EDITED BY REV. CYRUS CORT, D. D. 
 Overlea, Baltimope, Co., Md. 
 
 PRICE i\5 CENTS. 
 
 1917. 
 
Fort McDowell Monument 
 Dedicatory Services 
 
 October 5, 1916. 
 
 EDITED BY REV. CYRUS CORT, D. D. 
 Overlea, Baltimope, Co., Md. 
 
 PRICE 25 CENTS. 
 
 PILOT PRINT 
 
 Onion Bridge, Md. 
 
 1917. 
 
F/5 7 
 
 4^'W^' ^' " *■ W.-'tltftPf' 
 
 Fort McDowell Monument 
 
 Dedicated October 5, 1916. 
 
 iW> 
 
Preliminary Sketch of Fort McDowell 
 Dedication Services. 
 
 July 26, 1916 the Enoch Brown Association held their regular 
 annual meeting in Fort Loudon village, Franklin County, Penna. 
 By previous arrangement of the President Rev. Cyrus Cort, D. D., 
 leading members of the McDowell family met with the E. B. Assn. 
 at the same time to confer with regard to marking the site of Fort 
 McDowell. 
 
 Besides Dr. Cort, Capt. Robt. J. Boyd, Secretary and Col. 
 Samuel Hawbecker were present with proxies of Linn Harbaugh, 
 Esq. and Harry Strickler. They agreed to dupHcate any amount 
 that the McDowell kinsfolk might raise, not exceeding $150 with 
 the help of the local community, and to secure the cooperation of 
 the Penna. Historical Commission in the memorial work. A few 
 days later an enthusiastic meeting was held in the school house at 
 Markes at which Dc J. G. Rose, of Mercersburg, Penna., presided 
 It was resolved to raise at least $150 to help along the memorial 
 work. Later on at a joint meeting the contract was given the 
 Forbes Granite (Company of Chambersburg. Pa., to erect the 
 momument. 
 
 The local committee and McDowell kinsfolk were D. S. 
 McDowell, Lehmaster, T. C McDowell, Williamson, Alfred Myers, 
 Treasurer, Seth Lehmaster, A. B. McDowell, D. F. Haulman. C. C. 
 Blattenberger. Douglas Alleman. W. B. Stoner and Dr. j. (J. Rose, 
 Honorary member. 
 
 Tlie arranging of the Dedicatory Services was lelt largely in. 
 the hands of the local Committee. Hon. John Stewart, Judge of 
 the supreme Court of Penna. Ixad consented to [ireside and make 
 an address. Dr. Wni. M. Irvine, Headmaster of Mercersburg 
 Academy. ha<l auri^ed to make one of the addresses. Court busi- 
 
ness prevented Judge Stewart ^from being present and also John 
 A. Herman, Esq., who was expected to make an address. The 
 funeral of his sister in Philadelphia on the day of Dedicatioji kept 
 Dr. Irvine away, much to his regret, and a meeting of the Penn'a 
 Historical Commission kept Dr. Geo.?. Donehoo away who was ex- 
 pected to be present as one of the speakers up to the last moment. 
 The Bronze tablet, in the shape of a Keystone, was furnished by 
 the Historical Commission of Penn'a. 
 
 The following sketch of the Dedication Service by Rev. Dr. J. 
 G. Rose appeared in the Mercersburg Journal, October 13, 1916. 
 His address and that of Dr. Cort, along with that of John W. 
 McDowell, Esq. and prayer of Chaplain Stonesifer (since deceased) 
 follow in regular order. In spite of some disappointments in the 
 absence of some prominent speakers, who were expected to grace 
 the occasion, the lovely weather, the excellent music, the beautiful 
 location, the good dinner combined with the speeches actually de- 
 livered, made Oct. 5, 1916 a day long to be remembered by all 
 present at the Fort McDowell Dedication. 
 
 Sketch of Dedication Services. 
 
 October 5th, 1916, was a great day for the village of Markes. 
 The occasion was the dedication of the monument near the origin- 
 al site of Old Fort McDowell, famous in the early colonial days as 
 a refuge for the settlers during the Indian wars. The day was one 
 of rare beauty, the fine little village of Markes (juietly resting on 
 the banks of the Conococheague Creek was appropriately decorat- 
 ed, the spacious lawn, the ample shade and the broad verandas of 
 the Seth Lemaster home, where the services were held, and Old 
 Parnell watching like a kindly sentinel over the scene, all combin- 
 ed to render the occasion picturesque and memorable. 
 
 Fort McDowell was erected at this spot in 1753 or 1754 by 
 John McDowell, son of William McDowell, who was one of the 
 first settlers in the upper (Cumberland Valley, and came to the 
 neighborhood in 1735. It was a refuge from Indians for pioneer 
 settlers. It was used as a depot for military stores in the fatal 
 Braddock Campaign in 1755. It was used in the General Forbes 
 Campaign in 1758. 
 
The granite monuinent which marks its site was erected by 
 the cooperation of the Enoch Brown Association, The Pennsylvania 
 Historical Commission, and The Fort MeDowell Memorial Associa- 
 tion of Markes, Pa. It is designed to perpetuate the site of Fort 
 McDowell to future generations. 
 
 The dedicatory exercises began at eleven o'clock when the 
 large company present marched to the site of the monument pre- 
 ceded by the Mercersburg Band which played appropriate music. 
 The Rev. J. G. Rose, D. D., who presided throughout the day re- 
 ferred in a complimentary manner to the Forbes Granite Com- 
 pany of Chambersburg, who erected the monument, and present- 
 ed Miss Mary Creigh McDowell, by whom the memorial Avas grace- " 
 fully unveiled. Miss McDowell is the eldest daughter of the late 
 William B. McDowell, who " before his death a few months ago 
 was deeply interested in the movement to mark the site of the old 
 fort. She is directly descended from William McDowell, lather of 
 the builder of the fort and lives with her mother on the place 
 where the original McDowell first settled when he came to this 
 county. 
 
 While the crowd surrounded the marker the Mercersburg 
 Band played "America." Chief Marshal Douglas AUeman then led 
 the procession back to the lawn where the exercises of the day 
 were resumed. Rev. J. B. Stonesifer, of Loudon, offered an appro- 
 priate prayer. Dr. Rose then made an address of an educational 
 character, and introduced Hon. Thomas J. Brereton, of Chambers- 
 burg, who spoke on the value of memorials of this character. Mr. 
 Brereton has shown unusual interest in Franklin County's histor- 
 ic shrines. He designed the beautiful memorial that marks the 
 site of Fort Mci'ord, and was recently elected a member of the 
 Enoch Brown Association to take the place of Linn Harbaugh, de- 
 ceased. Following Mr. Brereton's address a recess was taken for 
 the noon hour, and a splendid dinner was served by the ladies of 
 Markes and neighborhood. The meals were served in a large build- 
 ing which stands on the site of the old fort and which was hand- 
 somely decorated for the occasion. The dinner was a most success- 
 fid affair and reflects great credit upon the ladies who planned 
 and carried out the enterprise. 
 
 The exercises of the afternoon opened with crowds even 
 larger than in the morning, many persons coming by auto from 
 Chambersburg, Greencastle, Mercersburg and other parts of the 
 country. The Greencastle Glee Club was present and alternating 
 
with the Mercersburg Band greatly pleased the audience with 
 their beautiful songs. The Rev. Mr. Walker, of Baltimore, oifered 
 prayer, when John W. McDowell, Esq., of Chambersburg, was in- 
 troduced and made a short address. Mr. McDowell and John Mc- 
 Dowell, the builder of Fort McDowell, are both descended from 
 William McDowell, the progenitor of the present Peters Town- 
 ship families of that name. 
 
 The main address ot the afternoon, and which had been 
 carefully prepared for the occasion, was delivered by Dr. Cyrus 
 Cort, of Overlea, Md. It was a historical address and was in keep- 
 ing with Dr. Cort's well known reputation for accuracy and clear- 
 ness of expression. It brought into review the early struggles of 
 the pioneers and had in it many allusions of a. local character. To 
 Dr. Cort more than to any other man or set of men is due the 
 credit for awakening the interest of the people of Franklin County 
 in the history of pioneer days of a local character. The Enoch 
 Brown Park and Monuments, the Ford McCord marker, the Fort 
 Loudon monument and markers, and now the spacious memorial 
 dedicated at Markes on the site of Fort McDowell, are all largely 
 the results of Dr. Cort's patient, persistent efforts and far-seeing 
 judgement. 
 
 The last speaker of the afternoon was the Hon. C. W. Beales 
 of Gettysburg, Representative in Congress of the 20th Pennsylvania 
 District, who emphasized the importance of the work accomplished 
 bv the local historical societies, and who pleaded for a more 
 general interest in the task of marking all the historic shrines 
 of which our section of the state is so rejdete. 
 
 After the adoption of suitable resolutions, one of which 
 authorized the publication in pamphlet fo)m for sale of the ad- 
 dresses and other proceedings of the day, the exercises, which, by 
 common consent were pronounced a success in every way, were 
 brought to a close with the benediction by Rev. G. E. McCarnev. 
 of Lemaster. 
 
 To the local association organized at Markes in the latter part 
 of July last must be given the credit for bringing the movement to 
 mark Fort McDowell to a speedy and successful conclusion. R. S. 
 McDowell is President, T. C. McDowell Secretary, and Aaron 
 Myers, Treasurer of the local association. Other active members 
 are Seth Lemaster, A. B. McDowell, D. F. Haulman, J. C. Blatten- 
 berger, Douglas Alleman, W. R. Stoner, with Dr. J. G. Rose as 
 Honorary member. 
 
The monument is of granite, stands seven feet high, weighs 
 seven and one half tons, and was erected by the Forbes Granite 
 Company of Chambersburg. The tablet which it bears was made 
 in Philadelphia, is of bronze, has appropriately the shape of a Key- 
 stone, and contains the following inscription: 
 
 "This stone marks the site of the Fort at McDowell Mills, erected 
 by John McDowell before 1754. It was used as a base of supplies 
 and as a magazine until the erection of Fort Loudon in 1756. The 
 military road from Pennsylvania connecting with the Braddock 
 road at Turkey foot was built from this point in 1755 under the 
 super^vision of Colonel James Burd. During the period of Indian/ 
 hostilities the Ford at McDowell's Mill was the scene of many 
 thrilling events. Erected by the Pennsylvania Historical Commis- 
 sion,The Enoch Brown Association,The Kinsfolk of John McDowell 
 and the citizens of this region 1916." 
 
 At the top ot the Keystone is the Pennsylvania State Coat of 
 Arms. 
 
 Prayer At Fort McDowell Dedication Oct. 5th, 1916. 
 Rev. James B. Stonesifer 
 
 Almighty God, the supreme ruler of the universe, we draw 
 near to thee, on this day set apart for the c(»mmemoration of the 
 Heroic lives of our Ancestors. 
 
 We beseech thee, O God; that every heart in thy presence 
 may search its history, and see how much occasion it has to thank 
 thee for sparing mercies, and for bounties received, may every 
 one of us look through the household of our descent that we may 
 marvel at the many blessings thou hast sent our way. 
 
 We rejoice as sons and daughters of the Fathers and Mothers 
 that gave us birth, God, and thank thee for them. We realize 
 that this Historic place, that marks their labor and hardship, is a 
 sacred spot for us, and as it were Holy Ground. May these services 
 today be incentives for us to do and to dare for thee, as they have 
 done, help us to appreciate the value of deep feelings, not only 
 for the new things of life, but for the old, and teach us that suf- 
 fering is the measure of worth. 
 
 We thank thee to-day that we have a victory of Hope, not 
 only for our ancestry, and for ourselves, but also for our posterity, 
 
who shall bear the burdens and tasks that come with christian en- 
 terprise, and makes for righteousness, and the triumph of thy 
 truth in the world. 
 
 Hear our prayer Lord; and grant that christian civilization 
 may develop and grow, grant that education throughout our broad 
 land, may breathe the spirit of true religion so that our whole land 
 may be united in truth, and that thy cause may every where 
 prosper. 
 
 God grant that the consent of thy people in the world be 
 stronger, than the might of tyranny, so that war may cease, and 
 may all this mighty industry, that day and night feeds itself at the 
 forge for war, be turned into channels of domestic properity. We 
 pray thee Lord, that the white banner of peace be unfurled. We 
 pray thee to sound forth the silver Trumpet, that the war cry may 
 be silenced, and let war with its bloody head, hide away in the 
 den of its own punishment. 
 
 Grant God; that we may look upon the nations of the earth 
 as our brethren, give us O God the christian ambition to do good, 
 rather than add to our outward possessions, Hear us in these our 
 petitions, and answer us for Christ's sake. Amen. 
 
 Address of Rev. J. G. Rose, D. D. 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen: 
 
 Those of us who have been planning for this dedication 
 during the past weeks have hoped for a pleasant day. The day at 
 last has come, bringing with it ideal weather and a large company 
 of patriotic citizens to participate with us in these memorial ser- 
 vices. 
 
 It is well that we commemorate the deeds of the founders of 
 our civilization. It is well that we suitably mark the shrines where 
 patriotic deeds were wrought, and preserve them to coming gener- 
 ations. It is well that we hold in memory, the valor and heroism 
 of the pioneer who settled in this community and whose character 
 shaped the destiny of the generations that have followed after. 
 
 It has been said that Americans are ungrateful, that they do 
 not reverence the memory of their great men nor glorify the great 
 deeds of their heroes. Europe, following the lead of her historians. 
 has laid this charge against us. It is true that we have not dotted 
 
our land with marble shafts or marked the shrines of our heroes 
 in great numbers. But we are a new country. Our age, compared 
 with the ancient civilizations, is but a span. And we have had 
 sterner duties, less sentimental, but more insistent, confronting us. 
 We have devoted ourselves to the task of laying the foundations of 
 freedom. We have been here experimenting with a system of 
 government and developing a type of institutions, political and 
 social, diflFering widely from anything hitherto known. We have 
 been blazing a pathway of initiative, of freedom, and of human 
 liberty which it is hoped future generations of mankind may safely 
 follow. 
 
 If. while thus engaged, we have seemed to the Old World to 
 be ungrateful, we have at least thought that the work we were do- 
 ing was more important in the present stage of our national exist- 
 ance. Besides, our ungratefulness may be such only in seeming. 
 For we seem to have developed poise of character and a balanced 
 type of manhood which has enabled us to preserve what we have 
 builded and at the same time keep ourselves detached from a war 
 that bas envolved all the other great nations of the world. 
 
 If it be true that we have few monuments dedicated to great 
 men and sacred places, it is no less true that we revere those 
 which we do have, while the nations that hold us ungrateful are 
 at this moment destroying their ancient treasures of art and 
 architecture and leveling to the ground the very monuments which 
 the gratitude of centuries had erected to their national heroes. We 
 are content to be called ungrateful so long as we can hold in our 
 hearts the spirit of gratitude. We need not receive these criticisms 
 seriously while our critics destroy the monuments which they them- 
 selves have erected to commemorate brave deeds and enshrine in 
 the hearts of their countrymen the memorv of their men of valor. 
 
 It has also been said of us that we are wanting in sentiment, 
 that we are too sordid, materialistic, mercenary. Ambassador Bryce, 
 a most sympathetic foreign critic of America and Americans, has 
 said that what we chiefly need is more poets. He thinks we are 
 lacking in sentimentality, that the finer elements of character— the 
 asthetic, the idealistic —are imperfectly developed, that we are suf- 
 fering from the spirit of mammonism. This may be so. It may be, 
 however, that we have been absorbed in building up a structure 
 <if freedom in this country that in the end will have developed the 
 very elements which Mr. Bryce has foujid wanting in our American 
 character. 
 
It maybe that deep down in the heart of our American hfe 
 there is being fostered a type of character which, amidst the awful 
 carnage of war, sees far beyond the material and the mercenary 
 into the ideal and the spiritual in the human race; and this to 
 such an extent that we are willing to suffer any indignity, save the 
 sacrifice of honor, rather than engage in a war of destruction 
 which overlooks all these finer elements of civilization and sees 
 only in human beings so many bodies to destroy; which stakes 
 everything upon its power to convert material things into instru- 
 ments for destroying its antagonists; which counts as nothing the 
 spiritual nature and the ideals and sentiments of affection and of 
 domestic tranquility which constitute the real greatness of nations. 
 If to be openly sentimental is to be brutal apd savage and de- 
 structive of civilization, then we are content to be lacking in senti- 
 mentality if thus we may be prudent and wise and helpful to one 
 another and to our race. 
 
 But we are not wholly ungrateful, and we are not wholly 
 mercenary. We do cherish the fathers; we do dwell upon the 
 sacrifices of the pioneers; we do appreciate heroes and heroines, 
 and we are seeking out the sacred places and writing the traditions 
 that have made them memorable, and we have nobly begun the 
 work of preserving them to future generations. New England has 
 a multitude of monuments erected to the memory of its great men 
 and women and in commemoration of its historic achievements. 
 Gettysburg is a city of monuments. Our County of Franklin is rich 
 in historic incident, and it contains a number of worthy memorials. 
 The sentimental, the ideal, the imaginative, the spirit of gratitude 
 and of appreciation have all been at work in the erection of these 
 memorials; and the monument which we dedicate to-day is the ex- 
 pression of these noble sentiments crystallized into action. 
 
 The spot which we now occupy and the marker which we 
 have just unveiled tell a story of past heroism and of deeds done 
 here which render memorable the names of the pioneers who lived 
 and loved and wrought here. It was in those early days of hard- 
 ship and struggle that the institutions were planted which now 
 flourish here and in the regions beyond. It was a fine sentiment 
 that actuated the citizens of this community and moved them to 
 cooperate with the Enoch Brown Association and the Pennsylvania 
 Historical Commission in erecting this granite monument, and so 
 preserving to posterity one of the important shrines of pioneer 
 days on the Pennsylvania frontier. 
 
The fort at McDdwelFs Mill was built prior to 1755. and the 
 locality was the scene of bloodshed, murder and devastation. Here 
 soldiers were killed and from the neighborhood many persons 
 were carried off as prisoners. "Of the settlers who were killed 
 hereabouts were Samuel Perry, Hugh Terrell. John Culbertson. 
 and John Woods and his mother-in-law and Elizabeth Archer. Of 
 those missing were four children of John Archer and a boy named 
 Samuel Meily." It was in a ravine only a few rods distant that 
 Mrs. Cunningham was killed by Indians in 1763 while journeving 
 from Port Steel to Fort McDowell. She was a sister of the Rev. 
 John King, D. D., who was the successor of Rev. John Steel at 
 Church Hill Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Cunningham was a young 
 married woraan of much beauty and came to this settlement from 
 Little Britain, Lancaster County. I have nowhere seen the name of 
 Mrs. Cunningham in the lists of the killed by Indians in any ot 
 the histories. I mention the matter here in order that the fate of 
 this beautiful young matron may become a matter of record. The 
 fact and the date of her death is stated in Dr. King's diary, and 
 the place was pointed out to me by the Late John McCullough 
 whose ancestor she was. A descendant of Mrs. Cunningham is in 
 the audience to-dav. 
 
 It was at McDowell's Mill that more than 400 soldiers were 
 assembled at one time, nearly one half of whom were enlisted from 
 the Conococheague Settlement. It was in this Fort that tke British 
 Government stored munitions for use in Braddock's expedition 
 against Fort Duquesne; it was here that some of the wounded were 
 sheltered on their retreat from that fateful expedition. It was here 
 that Colonel Armstrong recruited nearly three hundred provincials, 
 and from this fort lie led them forth over the mountains and de- 
 stroyed Kittanning, the chief Indian town in the upper Ohio Valley. 
 Two of the fi\e Captains under Colonel Armstrong were citizens 
 of this neighborh'iod. At a later period they both became officers 
 in the Revolution, one a Captain, the other a Major General and 
 member of Washington's staff. One was Hugh Mercer, scholar and 
 physician, friend of Washington, for whom Mercersburg is named, 
 who followed his profession in this neighborhood, the first physi- 
 cian to practice medicine in Franklin County. The other was John 
 Steel, scholar and preacher and brave fighter. Not two miles from 
 here, as the bird Hies, stood a log Presbyterian meeting house, 
 built in 1738, the only church in all this vast region, and for forty 
 years the most westerly Protestant church on the American conti- 
 
10 
 
 nent. The log meeting house was burned by the Indians, and John 
 Steel, the pastor, built another one on its ruins which was protect- 
 ed by a fort or stockade which he caused to be built around it. 
 This was known as Steel's fort and was the oldest fort of record 
 within the bounds of Franklin County. Both Mercer and Steel 
 were officers in the expedition against Kittanning, and Mercer was 
 severely wounded in the attack upon the place. He became 
 separated from his companions and made the return journey alone 
 spending seventeen days of untold privation on the trip. The 
 speaker, scarcely a month ago, came over the same route in an 
 automobile, passing neaj Kittanning, Fort Duquesne, Ligonier, 
 Laurel Ridge, Fort Bedford. Sidling Hill, and other memorable 
 places of pioneer days, and dropping d9wn into the beautiful 
 Cumberland Valley at Fort Loudon near by, a distance of more 
 than two hundred miles, the whole journey consuming only eleven 
 hours by the supurb Lincoln Highway. 
 
 In this fort was sheltered a battalion of the Black Watch, or 
 world-famed Scotch Highlanders, who were brought here from the 
 West Indies to join General Forbes' expedition westward to avenge 
 the defeat of Braddock. From Fort McDowell Colonel Burd cut a 
 road across the mountains in advance of GeneralForbes' army. Later 
 this road became the chief route from the East to Pittsburg; it is 
 now the Lincoln Highway. 
 
 It rs difficult to estimate the educational value to the com- 
 munity of a memoral of this character. This granite monument 
 will teach the lessons of patriotism to generation after generation 
 of citizens of Franklin County. You who have labored and given 
 of your means to perpetuate the site of Fort McDowell have 
 rendered a service to your generation far beyond any words of 
 praise I can utter to-day. The consciousness that you have fitting- 
 ly and permanently marked this historic shrine and given it recog- 
 nition and distinction among the places rendered memorable by 
 the "Border War," is in itself a sufficient reward for noble service 
 done from patriotic motives. The Pennsylvania Frontiers men ren- 
 dered a great service in the making of the state and the nation. 
 History has not yet done them justice: this monument is a silent 
 witness to their sufferings, hardships, toils, and far vision, to the 
 rugged manhood which first reclaimed the land from the Indians 
 in the Indian Wars, and from the British in the War of Indepen- 
 dence. 
 
 The Pennsylvania Historical Conmiission and the Enoch. 
 
II 
 
 Brown Memorial Association have shown a deep interest in the 
 movement to mark this site, and both have given the enterprise 
 financial support. To-day we congratulate all those who have con- 
 tributed in any measure to the success of this splendid undertak- 
 ing, and we welcome this large company of interested citizens to 
 this beautiful lawn and to the exercises which are to follow. 
 
 John W. MeDoweirs Address 
 At the Fopt McDowell Dedication, Oct. 5, 1916. 
 
 Mr. Chairman^ Ladies and Gentlemen: 
 
 Your chairman has called on me for some remarks, relative 
 to John McDowell's decendants. I am not down on the program 
 for a speech. He has named me as the oldest representative of the 
 McDowells of Franklin County, and I so young. If my voice holds 
 out I will gladly try to set you right as to John McDowell, who 
 built McDowell's Mill and the fort near said mill called and known 
 as Fort McDowell and to mark its site. We have met here to-day 
 to set a marker or monument to show future genei'ations where 
 the old fort, which "shielded many of the residents, men, women 
 and children, of this section, from the tomahawks of the indians 
 over one hundred and sixty years ago. 
 
 I will state that there is no descendant of John McDowell, 
 that I can recall now living in Franklin County, and certainly 
 none of the McDowell's of our county or any other, are lineal de- 
 scendants of his, as he had no boys. All his children, five in 
 number, were girls. John McDowell's eldest daughter, Mary, was 
 married to Dr. Robert Brownson, the grand-father of the late Dr. 
 Robert Brownson, of Mercersburg, Pa. and of Rev. James I. Brown- 
 son,D. D..late of Washington, Pa., many of whose children, are still 
 living there. John McDowell's second daughter, Agnes married 
 Elias Davidson, his third daughter, Elizabeth, married Rev. John 
 King, D. D.. who was pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Mer- 
 cersburg for forty years. His fourth daughter Margaret, married 
 George King, a brother of Dr. John King, and his fifth daughter, 
 Catherine, married Hugh Davidson. 
 
12 
 
 John McDowell was the oldest son of William McDowell, the 
 the emigrant ancestor who was born in Ireland, in 1680. With his 
 wife, Mary, he came to America about 1715 and settled in Chester 
 County, Pa., where most, if not all of his eleven children, . five 
 boys and six girls, were born, at least all of his five boys. About 
 1735, William McDowell moved with his large family, to the foot 
 of Mt.Parnell, now Peters Township, Franklin Co., Pa. He had ob- 
 tained from the Penn'a authorities warrant for over eight hundred 
 acres of land, lying at the foot of Mt. Parnell and extending South 
 to near this place where'*we are now gathered. Mr. McDowell, 
 with the aid of his five boys, who were now well grown up, clear- 
 ed part of his land and erected buildings, putting up his first 
 dwelling house, on the land now owned by the estate of the late 
 William B. McDowell, which has been occupied and owned and 
 tarmed successively by McDowells, from the first William down to 
 William B. until his death some months since. William B's being 
 the sixth generation living on that farm, from 1735 to the present 
 day. The first William was greatly annoyed by the Indians after 
 1754, and fled from them in 1755-56 to Wright's Ferry on the 
 Susquehanna and died in 1759 and was buried in the old grave- 
 yard of Donegal Church in Lancaster County. William McDowell 
 had five sons John, William, Nathan, James and Thomas. John, 
 William and possibly another brother, were elders in the Mercers- 
 burg, or Upper West Conococheague Presbyterian Church. The 
 McDowells of Peters and Montgomery Townships were all descend- 
 ed from William and James McDowell, and none from John. 
 
 It is related of John McDowell, who built Fort McDowell^ 
 that one evening, he went up the creek after his cows. That the 
 wind blew his hat off. He replaced it and shortly after his hat was 
 again blown off. Soon the wind again blew it off. He then took 
 this as a warning from God, and he hastened home and just as he 
 got to the fort a party of Indians made their appearance and he 
 had just time to get safely into the fort. 
 
 The five sons of the first William McDowell all became farm_ 
 ers and settled on the original warrant taken out by him and were 
 scattered from this section of Fort McDowell and John McDowell's 
 farm and mill, to the foot of Parnell's Knob, and ever since 173S 
 
13 
 
 to the present time McDowells have lived and farmed in this sec- 
 tion to a greater or less extent. To-day there are at least four or 
 five families of McDowells and many other descendants of other 
 names living in Peters Township and farming therein. 
 
 Address of Rev. Dp. Cypus Copt, at the dedication of the 
 Fopt McDowell Monument, Octobep 5, 1916. 
 
 Friends arid Fellow Citizens, Ladies and Gentlemen: 
 
 October 20, 1916, less than a year ago, we met at Fort Lou- 
 don and dedicated a granite monument. General W. D. Dixon 
 served as Chief Marshall then as he had done at the dedication of 
 the Ford McCord Monument, October 29, 1914. A few weeks 
 later General Dixon passed away in a good old age. He had won 
 distinction as a gallant officer of the 6th Penn'a. Reserve Regi- 
 
 inent. He was wounded at Fredericksburg, Gettysburg and Cold 
 Harbor, three of the bloodiest battles of the war. He was a faith- 
 ful member of our Enoch Brown Association for nearly 33 years, 
 having been appointed, like Capt. Boyd and myself, by the Cen- 
 fl^nia] County Convention April 22, 1881. He was one of our 
 
14 
 
 most distinguished citizens. His death was a loss to the county and 
 to our Association. He served as a member of the Penn'a Jubilee 
 Committee which had charge of the fiftieth anniversary of the Bat- 
 tle of Gettysburg in July, 1913, when the veterans of the North 
 and South, blue and grey met in friendly intercourse on the bloody 
 field where they struggled in deadly conflict, fifty years before. 
 Linn Harbaugh, Esq., a worthy and useful citizen and son of the 
 Historian, Poet, Theologian, Rev. Dr. Henry Harbaugh was chos- 
 en, on recommendation of the Executive Committee of the Kitto- 
 chinny Historical Society and on motion of General Dixon was »- 
 lected to succeed Judge D. W. Rowe, in our Association a few 
 years ago. In the Providence of God, he too, was called away a 
 few weeks ago. Captain Boyd and myself, alone remain of the 
 original band. In the natural course of events we too will soon be 
 gathered to our father's. This shows the importance of completing 
 the memorial work of marking our Franklin County Historic 
 shrines. We hope the work so well begun under the auspices of 
 our Enoch Brown Association will be carried on until every spot 
 and event made historic in pioneer days will be marked by sub- 
 stantial granite memorial structures for the instruction of future 
 generations. You who remain must not let it stop. 
 
 For the third time within two years we welcome patriotic and 
 public spirited citizens to the dedication of granite monuments on 
 the sites of forts erected by pioneer settlers in Provincial days. 
 This was a renowned place in the French and Indian Wars. In his 
 Enoch Brown address August 4, 1914, Dr. Donehoo made refer- 
 ence to it. McDowelFs Fort at McDowell Mills was already in ex- 
 istence in 1754, 162 years ago, when Col. Armstrong advised the 
 Provincial authorities to erect a line of forts from Shippensburg 
 to (]]asey's Knob for the protection of the Cumberland Valley. He 
 speaks of McDowell's Mill as being, "at the most important pass, 
 most exposed to danger, as having a fort already made about it 
 and where provisions can be most easily had.' 
 
 It is recommended as the Chief location of a border guard of 
 forty-eight men, who were to patrol daily the district from Fort 
 McDowell to Fort Davis, Fort Wadell, etc. It was a great rendezvous 
 during the Braddock campaign of 17.55. Army supplies in large 
 
15 
 
 quantities were sent from Pennsylvania by this route to the mouth 
 of the Connochocheague and thence to Fort Cumberland, Md., by 
 way of Winchester, Va. Braddock and his quarter master. Sir 
 John Sinclair, were very much enraged because Virginia was un- 
 able to furnish more than fifteen wagons to transport needed sup- 
 plies and a vast amount of luxurious baggage for himself a'T ] 
 officers. They both indulged in a great amount of profanity. Li. 
 Benjamin Franklin, as Postmaster General of America, and as a 
 prominent Penn'a. official visited them at Frederick, Md., where 
 part of Braddock's army was stationed for a short time. As a reply 
 to their profanity he suggested that Pennsylvania could furnish 
 the needed transportation. Braddock requested that it should be 
 done without delay. With the aid of Col. Conrad Weiser he got 
 the farmers of Lancaster, York and Cumberland counties, which 
 then included a large part of the state to furnish 1.50 four horse 
 wagons and 1500 pack horses for the Braddock expedition. The 
 most of these, besides other supplies went by way of Fort Mc- 
 Dowell as we learn from various authorities. 
 
 When Braddock's army met with disastrous defeat, July 9, 1755. 
 on its march to capture Fort Duquesne and Col. Dunbar succeeded 
 to the command he was directed by Gov. Shirley,of Massachusetts, 
 in charge of military affairs among Provincials in America, to place 
 a strong force at McDowell's Fort. This he promised to do in a 
 letter written near Winchester, Va., but he never did it. In defiance 
 of entreaties from authorities of Penn'a, Md. and Va., he retreated 
 with 1500 men to Philadelphia and left the borders exposed to 
 maurauding bands of French and Indians. Horrible outrages were 
 committed against pioneer settlers. Fort McCord was captured a 
 few miles north of here, April 1, 1756 and 27 men, women and 
 children were slain or carried off in captivity by the savages. A 
 large number of Provincial soldiers under Capt. Alex Culberson, 
 who went in pursuit of the savages, were repulsed at Sideling Hill 
 and upwards of thirty were killed or wounded. We marked the 
 site of that fort with a handsome monument Oct. 29, 1914. Fort 
 Granville, a mile west of where Lewiston, Pa., is now located on 
 the Juniata River, was captured by a large body of Frence and 
 Indians a few weeks later. 
 
 Col. John Armstrong, whose younger brother had been killed 
 
16 
 
 in his gallant defence of that fort, raised 280 Provincial troops 
 and marched from Fort McDowell with the main part of his force 
 through the wilderness and destroyed the chief haunt of the sav- 
 ages at Kittanning on the^ Allegany River. His troops were largely 
 from this region under Captains John Steel, Presby. Pastor at the 
 old White Church, Hugh Mercer, and John Potter, etc. Although 
 severely wounded in that campaign Col. Armstrong was requested 
 by the Provincial authorities to carry out his plan of Frontier forts, 
 recommended two years before. As a new and direct road had 
 been made by Col. James Burd to the top of the Allegany 
 mountains passing two miles north of McDowell Mills near Par- 
 nell's Knob, Col. Armstrong advised the removal of the military 
 supplies from Fort McDowell to Fort Loudon, the name of the 
 new fort on that road. The site of that fort we marked with granite 
 memorials October 20, 1915. General John Forbes and Col. Henry 
 Bouquet used that shorter line in the capture of Fort DuQuesne 
 in 1758 and in the Pontiac War of 1763 and 1764, etc., it was the 
 route of Bouquet. 
 
 A private fort seems to have been maintained at McDowell's 
 Mills,and numerous massacres occurred in this immediate vicinity. 
 In November, 1755 the great Cove was ravaged and 47 out of 93 
 settlers were killed or taken captive. A few days later the house 
 of the widow Cox, near McDowells Mills, was burned and her two 
 sons and a hired man were carried off. In February, 1756 John and 
 Richard Craig were carried off near McDowell's Mills by nine 
 Delaware Indians. A Mr. Alexander was pursued to McDowell's 
 Mills. The Indians attempted to surprise the fort, as they did Fort 
 McCord, but failed. They slew a German boy,while he was feeding 
 cattle. Mrs. Cunningham was slain near by. Gov. Morris wrote Gen. 
 Braddock that he would make McDowells Mills, instead of Ship- 
 pensburg, a rendezvous for military stores as being 20 miles near- 
 er his army. This plan Gen. Braddock approved of in a letter to 
 Gov. Morris. Capt. Burd went from here, with forty men Nov. 6, 
 1755 to succor George Crogan at Augwick. 
 
 Hance Hamilton with 400 men went from McDowell Fort to 
 Path Valley late in 1755 to recover live stock not slain by the 
 Indians. Capt. John Steel was told to make drafts of thirteen men 
 
17 
 
 each from companies of Capt. Burd, Hamilton, Patterson and 
 Mercer and take station at McDowell's Mills, March 25, 1756 and 
 scour the woods from time to time to promote the safely oi the 
 settlers. In Nov. 1756 Samuel Perry and two sons going to their 
 home from Fort McDowell were slain by Indians. A party sent 
 from the fort to look after them was assailed by thirty Indians and 
 a number were slain or captured. Besides those already mentioned. 
 Hugh Terell, John Culbertson and his mother-in law and Elizabeth 
 Archer were slain near Fort McDowell. Four Archer children and 
 Samuel Meily, a boy were carried off. Others escaped massacre 
 by seeking refuge in the McDowell Fort. These facts show that 
 fort McDowell deserves to be marked to remind posterity of the 
 perils that confronted pioneer settlers in the early settlement of 
 this region. 
 
 My friends you will please excuse me for reference to the 
 early history of some of my own ancestors in reference to these 
 stirring events of the olden times. I do this because it illustrates 
 the subjects in hand by showing some of the dangers and hard- 
 ships of the pioneer settler, over 150 years ago; also it helps to 
 some extent to show why I have for over thirty years, taken spe- 
 ial interest in marking historic shrines in Franklin and Westmore- 
 land counties. 1 have given local history largely, in my former 
 dedicatory addresses and adopt a new line today. 
 
 As we have seen, Braddock drew heavily from Penn'a in army 
 supplies, through Dr. Franklin and Col. Conrad Weiser. He want- 
 ed better bread than ordinary army rations. My great, greatgrand- 
 father, Andrew Byerly, was a baker by trade and keeper of one of 
 the first public houses in Lancaster, Pa., He was induced to go to 
 Fort Cumberland to bake for Gen. Braddock and his army in 1755, 
 Over 160 years ago. he with his little family passe;! through here 
 or through Frederick, Md., to Fort Cumberland. Besides being a 
 good baker he was a fast runner which was a much needed accom- 
 plishment in those pioneer days. A well authenticated story has 
 come down through four branches of the Byerly family to this ef- 
 fect. While at Fort Cumberland a Catawba chief came from Caro- 
 lina with some warriors and offered his services to Gen. Braddock. 
 I'he haughty and obstinate British General had no use for either 
 
18 
 
 white or red scouts to guard the flanks of his army and had such 
 unbounded confidence in the invincibility of British regulars that 
 he gave scant encouragement to much needed aid from Provincial 
 woodsmen or Indian Savages. Washington Irving tells us how 
 Braddock treated with disdain Gapt. Jack and Juniata Hunters. 
 Feeling chagrined at Braddock's failure to accept his services the 
 Catawba Chief made a wager of twenty shillings that he had war- 
 riors that could outrun any white man. Col. George Washington, 
 a good deal of a sport in his younger days, felt it would not do to 
 let the banter go unaccepted and got Andrew Byerly to run a foot 
 race with the Catawba Champion at Fort Cumberland. Byerly won 
 the race much to the surprise of the Catawba's. His son, Michael, 
 great grand sire of Hon. Curtis H. Gregg, of Greensburg, Pa., was 
 eight years old at the time. He used to describe the appearance of 
 Braddock's army when it left Fort Cumberland, for Fort DuQuesne. 
 With their gaudy uniforms and precise drill, thev presented the 
 most magnificent sight that he ever saw. In similar terms Wash- 
 ington tells of their splendid appearance as they crossed the 
 Monongahala River, shortly before the fatal battle where over 700 
 soldiers and over 60 officers were killed or wounded by Indians in 
 ambush and a small body of French from Fort DuQuesne July 9, 
 1755. Michael Byerly used to say the remnant of Braddock's army 
 when they returned were a sorry looking set of fellows with soiled 
 and torn uniforms in comparison with their gaudy appearance 
 when they left Fort Cumberland. Andrew Byerly seems to have 
 been employed at Fort Frederick, which was built in 1756 — 7 and 
 which remains nearly intact covering, with a high stone wall over 
 an acre of ground near the Cherry Run Station of the B. & 0. and 
 Western Maryland Railroad. ' In 1758 Andrew Byerly was at 
 Fort Bedford, baking for the British garrison. His son, Jacob, my 
 great grandfather, was born in Fort Bedford, in 1760. 
 
 After the Forbes expedition and capture of Fort DuQuesne, 
 in 1758, Col. Bouquet, became successor of Gen. Forbes for seven 
 years. He and Mrs. Byerly were from the same Canton of Berne^ 
 in Switzerland and Byerly was given 300 acres of land and charge 
 of the Relay Station at Bushy Run, nearly midv/ay between Fort 
 Pitt and Fort Ligonier. Byerly erected a cabin and stable, got a 
 
couple of cows and moved his family to Bushy Run in 1760. He 
 was on friendly terms with the Indians who were the only residents 
 in the wilderness. Matters moved along in pretty good shape for 
 several years. Bouquet frequently stopped at the Byerly home in 
 his trips to frontier forts. He and Mrs. Byerly would speak in 
 glowing terms of the scenery in their native Switzerland. Thus 
 matters moved along with comparative safety and tranquility until 
 the latter part of May, 1763. Then, like a clap of thunder in a 
 clear sky, what has been called the Pontiac Conspiracy broke out. 
 The Indians lamented the conquest of the French dominions by 
 the British in the new world. The French mingled more readily 
 with them in social and matrimonial relations. 
 
 F'rench traders made the Indians believe that soon the great 
 king of France would send a powerful army to recover his posses- 
 sions in America. Pontiac, a brave and eloquent chief of the 
 Ottawas on Lake Michigan, marshalled all the Indians tribes, be- 
 tween the Mississippi and the Allegheny Mountains to drive the 
 red coats and pale faces into the sea. 
 
 Eighteen Indian tribes joined his standard. The Conspiracy 
 was so well kept that nine forts, or military posts, were captured 
 by surprise and their garrisons, mostly, German-Swiss Americans 
 recruited in Penn'a and Md. were massacred. Pontiac in person 
 assailed Detroit with 1000 warriors. It was gallantly defended 
 by Major Gladwin with the help of a couple vessels. Gladwin wrote 
 afterwards to Bouquet that the Royal Americans were the best 
 soldiers that he ever saw. Fortunately the great Indian leader fail- 
 ed and was detained at Detroit so that Fort Pitt, etc., had to be 
 assailed by Guyasutha of the Senecas. Kukyuskung, etc., of the 
 Delaware's with fewer forces than the Indians expected to marshall 
 for Eastern forts after the capture of Detroit. Capt. Simeon Ecuyer, 
 a brave Swiss officer, in command at Fort Pitt, wrote Col. Bouquet, 
 May 29, 1763, about the dangerous conditions of affairs. A copy 
 ofthis letter is in Parknan's Conspiracy of Pontiac. The distinguish- 
 ed historian sent me a copy in the original French of Ecuyer and 
 also in English, when I wrote my "Memorial of Col. Bouquet and 
 his campaigns of 1763-4." It appears on pages 22 and 23. Ecuyer 
 mentions the massacres of Col. Clapham and family; escape of 
 
20 
 
 three men at work in the woods near by whom he had armed and 
 sent to the rehef of Byerly at Bushy Run. The Indians had told 
 Byerly at Bushy Run to leave his house, Capt. Ecuyer states, with- 
 in four days or he and his whole family would be murdered. This 
 was the last letter that got through to Bouquet. Byerly, not be- 
 lieving that it was a general uprising of the Indians, went with 
 those three men to Jacob's Creek, near where, Scoltdale, Pa. is 
 now located, to bury Clapham and his family. His wife was in bed 
 from confinement with a babe three days old. At a late hour a 
 friendly Indian came and brought word that she and her children 
 would all be slain if they did not flee at once to Fort Ligonier, 
 thirty miles east of Bushy Run. She wrote on the cabin door with 
 charcoal that they had gone to Ligonier. Her boys got out the Re- 
 lay horse, waiting to be exchanged by the Express rider. Mrs. Byer- 
 ly was placed on the horse with the tender babe in her arms and 
 a child 18 months old fastened to her back, Michael was thirteen 
 years of age, Francis 8 years old and Jacob, my great grandfather 
 was three years old and had a painful stone bruise. They made a 
 desperate effort to take along their cows, so scarce and valuable in 
 their wilderness home, but they had to give up that effort and 
 leave the cows to be devoured by the Jndians. All day long they 
 trudged along in the hot sun, the weary way through the wilder- 
 ness. At times Michael would carry Jacob, his lame brother on 
 his back. Byerly and his party found the message on the cabin 
 door and followed swiftly towards Ligonier with the bloodthirsty 
 Indians in close pursuit. They overtook the fleeing family and 
 helped them over the last few miles. ThSy got safely within the 
 stockade after night with the savages close at their heels. When 
 the gate was opened to admit them into the fori proper in the 
 morning the bullets rattled against it as they entered. Here they 
 were, couped up with a small garrison, for two months until Bou- 
 quet came with 350 Scotch Highlanders, 150 Royal Americans 
 and a few Provincials in charge of 340 packhorses loaded with 
 flour and a drove of cattle for the relief of Fort Pitt, which was 
 nearly out of provisions and closely besieged by Indians. After a 
 brief rest at Ligonier, Bouquet pushed along toward Bushy Run 
 with his convoy. 
 
21 
 
 Byerly went along. He was with the advance guard of 18, 12 
 of them fell at the first fire of the savages. When within a mile of 
 Bushy Run, Bouquet's httle arm) was surrounded by a horde of 
 Indians and fiercely assailed about one o'clock. They protected 
 their convoy, but lost a large proportion of their soldiers and offi- 
 cers on that fifth day of August, 1763. The wounded were placed 
 inside of a circle of flour bags taken from the packhorses. A small 
 spring between the contending forces, enabled Byerly, during the 
 night, at great risk to carry water in his hat to many of the wound- 
 ed in great agony from thirst. Next day August 6, 1763, the sav- 
 ages with a larger number made fierce assaults dodging behind 
 trees and bushes. The Highlanders gallantly charged them with 
 fixed bayonets, which made them scamper, but as soon as the 
 charge ceased they would return. Many of the packhorses were 
 wounded and frightened by the shooting and terrific yelling of the 
 savages ran wildly through the woods. Their drivers skulked in 
 the bushes and made little effort to control them. Thus matters 
 were getting desperate when Capt. Barrett who had joined Bouquet 
 at Ligonier with a dozen Provincials from Fort Cumberland pointed 
 out where he could trap about forty of the boldest warriors under 
 Kukyusking, who were making a special effort to get the scalps of 
 the wounded in the flour bag fort. By a brilliant strategic move- 
 ment. Major Campbell caught the savages in a trap with a bayonet 
 charge. Forty of them were slain which created a panic and led to 
 the retreat of the encompassing host. A Highlander, Byerly used 
 to say, dropped his musket and darting after the fleeing Indians 
 caught and overpowered one. He was leading his captive back 
 when a petty officer met him and wanted to know what he was do- 
 ing with that fellow? The reply was, "I am taking him to Col. 
 Bouquet, if you want one of them there are plenty of them run- 
 ning in the woods you can catch one for yourself." The fussy 
 official did not fancy the job, but up with his pistol and shot the 
 captive Indian through the head. This enraged the Highlander and 
 greatly displeased Col. Bouquet. After burying the dead and rest- 
 ing a couple days at Bushy Run, Bouquet and his gallant little 
 army proceeded to Fort Pitt, where they received a glad welcome 
 on August 10. 1763. They lost about one-fourth of their number 
 in killed and wounded, in what Parkman states was the best con- 
 
22 
 
 tested battle ever fought between white men and the Indians. 
 Bushy Run is truly a great historic shrine that ought to be marked 
 with substantial tablets or memorial structures of a very enduring 
 kind. This I have advocated over forty years. The Penna. Histor- 
 ical Commission have been ready to assist in this memorial work 
 for several years, but the local Committee, I understand has fail- 
 ied to do their part of the work and secure proper positions for the 
 memorial structures. On August 6, 1883, with the help of the 
 aged ex-Congressman Jos. H Kuhns, of Greensburg, and a few 
 others, I managed to get up a magnificent celebration on the 
 Bushy Run battlefield. Fifteen thousand people assembled with 
 eight brass bands, a United States Senator, three Major Generals 
 (Beaver Coulter and Gallagher), etc. My great grandfather Jacob 
 Byerly was a member of Col. John Gibson's 13th Virginia Regt. at 
 Fort Pitt, during the war of American Independence. 
 
 He Killed an Indian Chief in a single combat near Punxatawny 
 Penna. He enlisted when 17 years old. That little boy who limped 
 to Fort Ligonier lived to be 99 years old. Two years and a half 
 before he died he gave me these and other facts of pioneer days, 
 which I noted down on Christmas day, 185ji"*Exactly 100 years 
 after the Royal American Regt. was created. Three of his sons 
 and son-in-law Skelly (my Scotch Irish ancestor) were soldiers of 
 the War of 1812, etc., One of them (Major Andrew Byerly,) marclied 
 with two Westmoreland companies from Greensburg, Pa., to Erie 
 and guarded Commodore Perry's fleet, while it was being built. 
 With that fleet Perry won the splendid victory ever the British 
 fleet under Commodore Barkley on lake Erie. These are some of 
 the trials that tried men's souls in the days of old, the soles of 
 their feet as well as the souls of their bodies. The brave men and 
 women who stood tho brunts in those pioneer days should be held 
 in grateful and everlasting remembrance. Mrs. Beatrice Byerly, 
 wife of Andrew, established a Sunday School at Fort Walthonx, 
 twenty odd miles east of Pittsburgh, during the Revolution. She 
 had the help of Mrs. Christina Harmon whose maiden name was 
 Lenhart, who came from Holland. The three Byerly boys 
 who trudged from Bushy Run to Ligonier in 1763 married three 
 Harmon girls. Their decendants are scattered all over the United 
 States. The Sunday School work of those women from Reformed 
 
23 
 
 and Republican Switzerland and Reformed and Republican Holland, 
 I esteem above all the military achievements of the men. I am glad 
 to know that the McDowell kins-folk still own a large part of the 
 beautiful and fertile acres of the Cumberland Valley near glorious 
 Parnell. They have done a worthy service in helping to mark the 
 site of the fort erected by their kinsmen over 160 years ago. I am 
 thankful that a kind Providence has graciously preserved my life 
 beyond the ordinary limit of human existence and enabled me to 
 join in the grand memorial work carried on in Franklin County 
 during the last two years. Little did the Centennial Convention of 
 April 22, 1884 expect our Enoch Brown Association to do what we 
 have done with only three-fourths of the funds promised us for a 
 far smaller service. It is a great gratification to have helped to 
 rescue from comparative oblivion herioc characters, like Forbes, 
 Bouquet, Burd and Armstrong, who not only brought peace and 
 tranquility to the Cumberland Valley and adjacent regions, one 
 hundred and fifty years ago but wlio conquered from despotic 
 rulers of France the great Mississippi Valley and made it the home 
 of Anglo-Saxon liberty and law. 
 
 During the past couple years I have received a couple valuable 
 documents from Lieut. General Sir Edward Hutton of the British 
 Army. They tell how Bouquet retrieved the disastrous defeat of 
 General Braddock in 1755. The military training that he gave the 
 Royal Americans in 1758 according to Joseph Shippon and the 
 Scotch Highlanders during the Pontiac War in 1763. etc. was 
 imitated by officers of other battalions. 
 
 Col. Haldimand at Oswego and Niagara with the 2nd Battalion 
 and the 3rd Battalion under General Wolfe at Louisburg, with Rev. 
 Michael Schlatter, as Chaplain rendered conspicious service. A 
 detachment of Royal Americans helped to conquer Quebec under 
 General James Wolfe. Because of superior gallantry at the Falls 
 of Montmorency he gave them their motto or coat of arms '"Celer 
 Et Andax" (Swift and bold), which they proudly bear to-day. Royal 
 Americans led the way in helping Wolfe to scale the heights of 
 Abraham. They guarded the flanks of his regulars and prevented 
 them from being assailed by a host of Indians and Canadians. When 
 GeneralWolfe was mortally wounded in the moment of victory he 
 fell into the arms of one of the Royal American officers. Lieut.Gen. 
 
24 
 
 Hutton tells with pardonable pride pf the distinquished career of 
 the Royal Americans on four continents during the last 150 years. 
 They helped Sir John Moore and Arthur Welesly, the Duke of 
 Wellington, to win twelve out of fourteen great victories on the 
 Spanish peninsula. 
 
 Sir John Moore, one of the best civil and military command- 
 ers ever produced by Great Britain, said he had learned the art of 
 war from the Royal Americans. As school boys, some of us have 
 recited, Rev. Wolfe's poem on the burial of Sir John Moore, which 
 Lord Byron pronounced one of the best poems of the English 
 Language. 
 
 1 
 Not a drum was heard, not a funeral note, 
 
 As his corse to the ramparts we hurried, 
 Not a soldier discharged his farewell nhot, 
 
 O'er the grave where our hero we buried. 
 
 2 
 Slowly and sadly we laid him down. 
 
 From the field of his fame fresh and gory, 
 We carved not a line, and we raised not a stone 
 
 But we left him alone with his glory. 
 
 I cannot recount the list of their gallant achievements in 
 Europe,Asia and Africa and North America or the list of the splendid 
 line of officers that have commanded them for 150 years, that have 
 been Colonels of the Regiment. At present King George himself, 
 is Col. Commandant of the King's Royal Rifle Corps, the histori- 
 cal successor of Bouquet's Royal Americans. 
 
 In like manner the 42nd Highlanders, who with the Royal 
 Americans, won immortal renown at Bushy Run, August 6, 1763. 
 has been continued under the name of the Black Watch Regiment. 
 Johnny Poe the Princeton Athlete from Baltimore joined them in 
 the Belgium trenches and fell gallantly fighting. British historians 
 give Bouquet credit for giving these two renowned bodies Qf troops, 
 their initial training when Fort McDowell was a famihar refuge for 
 pioneer settlers in the French and Indian Wars. After his great 
 victory at Bushy Run, Bouquet, entreated Penn'a, Md. and 
 Virginia to give him 500 men more. With these and the survivors 
 of the battle he would drive the savages across the Mississippi. 
 
25 
 
 Capt. McLellan went with a self equipped company from Frederick 
 County, Md., to Fort Pitt, but otherwise, sad to say there was no 
 Provincial response to his reasonable request. Very soon as 
 Bouquet predicted the Indians recovered from their Bushy Run 
 panic like Satan and his host in Milton's Paradise Lost, Maraud- 
 ing parties slipped past Forts Pitt, Ligonier and Bedford and massa- 
 creed pioneer settlers as before. Thus fell Enoch Brown and 
 Scholaisa, a few miles east of here, July 26, 1764. Then Bouquet 
 was given a good sized army by these three Provinces. He cut a 
 road from Port Pitt into Ohio which the savages thought impossible 
 compelled them to sue for peace on the Muskigum River and to 
 return hundreds of captives to their Christian homes. Jn our Enoch 
 Brown and Fort McCord Memorial volume I have published the 
 names of 216 of these returned captives copied from an extra edi- 
 tion of Maryland Gazette published at Annapolis over 150 years 
 ago. John McCulloh captured July 26, 1756, by a Frenchman and 
 Indian, a few miles south of here, was one of these returned cap- 
 tives Some of his worthy descendants reside with us to-day and are 
 at this dedication. For what he did for the cause of humanity and 
 Christian civilization as well as his personal friendship and official 
 favors to my ancestors I have sought to rescue Bouquet's memory 
 from the oblivion which enshrouded it a generation ago. I am 
 glad that British authors are doing the same. April 14, 1914 Lieut. 
 General Hutton wrote the following from Great Britian, which I 
 extract from his letter,'! am obliged to you for sending me the ex- 
 tract of a newspaper dated August 21, 1913 giving an account of 
 the 150th anniversary of the Bushy Run fights underGeneralHenry 
 Bouquet of the 60th Royal Americans. If at any future time the 
 memory of Bouquet, the 60th American or that portion of the 
 British Army employed in Penn'a from 1758 to 1764 is made the 
 subject of a national and general demonstration and official ceremony, 
 it would, I am sure, be the wish of the Kings Rifle Corps, the mod. 
 ■ern representative of the 60th Royal American to be represented 
 and to take part. Believe me. Yours Faithfully. Ed. H. Hutton, 
 Lieut. General Colonel Commandant the Kings Royal Rifle Corps- 
 late 60th Royal Americans." When Dr. Philip Schafl" came to 
 America over 70 years ago he wrote back to Germany that this 
 
26 
 
 country was full of romance and poetn\ but that we were a prosaic 
 people. James Bryce, late British Ambassador to the United States 
 declared several years ago that the greatest need of America is 
 poets — By this remark I understand him to mean that proper 
 justice had not been done to the romantic feature of our history 
 by our American writers. This is a rare and undeveloped element 
 of history that clusters around these frontier forts in pioneer days. 
 We have been too much absorbed in the worship of Mammon. 
 We have allowed New Englanders to write our history and hence 
 much of it had not been written at all or else in a very defective 
 manner. 1 trust that the erection of these granite monuments on 
 the sites of Frontier forts in Franklin County^ will help to remedy 
 this defect. As the soul of Thucydides was inspired to write his 
 great work on the Pelloponesian War after hearing the historical 
 works of Heridous read at the Isthmin games of Greece, so I 
 hope tliat poetic and historical spirits may be inspired to write a- 
 bout the stirring events which these monumental structures will 
 call to remembrance and the grand scenery that surrounds them. 
 May gifted souls embalm more fully in story and song our pioneer 
 memorial work. The McDowell kinsfolk have done well to hold 
 on to the patrimony of their ancestors and cultivate these beautiful 
 and fertile acres near the foot ot glorious Parnell. Thev are doing 
 nobly in the memorial work of today in helping to mark the site 
 of the fort erected by an enterprising kinsman, over 160 years a- 
 go as a shelter for pioneer settlers from the tomahawk of blood- 
 thirsty savages. "They had an eye to the beautiful as well as use- 
 ful" "Utile cum dulce"' as the Latins say. Our historical resources 
 and poetical resources largely remain undeveloped. I am glad that 
 Franklin County has lead the van to a large extent in this histori- 
 cal renaissance by the erection of these memorial structures in 
 which other parts of our old Keystone commonwealth arc follow- 
 ing. Glad I am that leading citizens such as Judge Gillam of our 
 district Court and Judge Stewart of our Supreme Court have shown 
 s.special interest in our memorial activities. Future generations will 
 appreciate these memorial services even if some in our own day 
 cannot see their value and importance. It is a scriptural duty "to 
 remember the days of old." 
 
Memorial Publications 
 
 The following memorial volumes have been published under the 
 auspices of the Enoch Brown Association and can be had from Rev. 
 Dr. Cyrus Cort of Overlea, Md. 
 
 ^''l 1. Memorial Volume of Enoch Brown and Scholars massacred, by 
 Indians, July -26, 1764, three miles North of Greencastle, Pa. 
 
 Price 35 cents. 
 This contains the addresses delivered August 5, 1885 at the dedi- 
 cation of the Enoch Brown Park and monuments., viz by Geo. W. 
 Ziegler, Rev. C. Cort, Rev. Dr. F. A. Woods, Peter A. Witmer, Dr. 
 Wm. A. Egle and Poem by John M. Cooper; also three Franklin County 
 Centennial sermons. 
 
 Memorial addresses at the Enoch Brown Park, Aug. 4, 1914, in 
 commemoration of the one hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the 
 massacre by Revs. Dr. C. Cort, J. S. Kieffer, Wm. M. Irvine, G. L. 
 Onwake and G. P. Donehoo; also by Hon. W. Rush Gillan and Dr. 
 Thos. L. Montgomery. In the same volume is also bound the Dedi- 
 catory Services of the Fort McCord Monument, eight miles West of 
 Chambersburg, Pa., Oct 29, 1914 with addresses of Judge Gillan, Drs. 
 Cort, F. M. Wood, Montgomery and Donehoo. The Dedicatory ad- 
 dress of Dr. C. Cort at the reinterment of the remains of Corporal 
 Wm. M. Rihl, the first Union soldier killed on northern soil, also a list 
 of 216 Pennsylvania and Virginia captives brought back by Col. Bou- 
 quet from the Ohio wilderness in 1764 with a description of Fort 
 Frederick, Md. , near Cherry Run Station. 
 
 Price in paper covers 50 cents, in cloth 65 cents. 
 
 3. Memorial services at the Dedication of the Fort Loudon Monumental 
 Structures, Oct. 20, 1915. Addresses of Judge W. R.' Gillan, Rev. J. 
 B. Stonesifer, Dr. C. Cort, Dr. Geo. P. Donehoo and Hon. Wm. S. 
 Stenger with pictures of Col. Armstrong, Col. Burd, Col. Bouquet and 
 the different monuments. Price-Mkcents 
 
 ' 4. Memorial services at the Dedication of the monument at the site 
 of Fort McDowell, Oct. 5, 1916, with address of Rev. Dr. J. G. Rose, 
 Dr. C. Cort and John W. McDowell, Esq. Price 25 cents. 
 
 These publications contain a vast amount of Provincial history 
 relating mainly to the Cumberland Valley, and Westmoreland Co., Pa., 
 150 years ago. Every public spirited citizen and especially Franklin 
 County residents should have copies. When the limited editions are 
 exhausted copies cannot be had for love or money. 
 
 The Career of Andrew Byerly with Braddock in 1755 at Fort 
 Cumberland, with Bouquet at Fort Bedford 1758, &c, and at Bushy Run 
 Aug. 5&6. 1763 is given. 
 
 Copies of the McDowell pamphlet can be had also from Rev. J.G. 
 Rose, of Mercersburg; Robert McDowell, Lehmaster; Thos. C. Mc- 
 Dowell, or S. L. Hawbecker, of Williamson, Franklin Co., Pa. 
 
 Profits go to Memorial work in Franklin County. 
 
LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 
 
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