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DETROIT 
 
 THE CITY OF THE STRAITS 
 
By txanafei 
 
 OCT 9 W»' 
 
-^ z 
 
 X 
 
HEADQUARTERS 
 
 Grar)d AriT)y of bt)^ Reputlic. 
 
 Rutland, Vt., May 15th, 1891. 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS 
 
 No. 24. 
 
 [EXTRACT.] 
 
 I . The Twenty-fifth National Encampment of this Order will convene at 
 Detroit, Mich., Wednesday, August 5th, 1891, and will be preceded by the 
 usual parade on Tuesday, August 4th, the formation for which will be in 
 accordance with the standing rules of the National Encampment. Each De- 
 partment will constitute a Division, under command of the Department 
 Commander or ranking officer present. Department Commanders will, on 
 or before July ist, report to these headquarters the number of Comrades they 
 expect to have in line for the parade. 
 
 Full details will be given in future orders, but the attention of Comrades 
 is called to the fact that all intending to be present should at once make suit- 
 able and seasonable arrangements for their quarters, etc., for this occasion. 
 The Commander-in-Chief is assured that all will be provided for, if Comrades 
 apply, giving reasonable notice of their wishes in this respect. 
 
 Comrade James T. Sterling, A. D. C, is Secretary of the Committee on 
 Accommodations, and may be addressed at No. 55 West Fort Street, Detroit, 
 Mich., by any wishing quarters, whether for individuals or organizations. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief suggests that speedy application be made, so 
 as to avoid possible disappointment which may ensue if delayed to a time 
 near ihe date named above, after all desirable locations are secured. 
 
 By Command of W. G. VEAZEY, 
 J. H. GOULDING, Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 Adjutant General. 
 
DETROIT 
 
 THE CITY OF THE STRAITS. 
 
 ILLUSTRATIVE 
 
 OF ITS BEAUTY, ITS ARCHITECTURE, ITS STREETS, PARKS, COMMERCE, 
 MANUFACTURES, ETC. 
 
 CHICAGO: 
 
 knight, leonard & co. printers. 
 
 i8qi. 
 
2140755- 
 
 (fr "^ 
 
LOOKING UP WOODWARD AVE. FROM GRAND CIRCUS PARK. 
 
 DETROIT. 
 
 AMERICA is too often derided for its mushroom growth, and, 
 like PhiHp Doddridge, accused of its youth, — a fault which 
 that distinguished divine replied time would remedy. Detroit, the 
 metropolis of Michigan, has, however, a respectable age and a his- 
 tory full of adventure and picturesqueness, fascinating to the imag- 
 ination. The drama of its life is a succession of striking pictures, 
 accompanied by the martial music of diverse nations. 
 
 In the first scene we see three birch-bark canoes breasting the 
 steady current of the broad stream, and landing here under the 
 broad trees that overhang the bank, and ten white men, two of whom 
 are robed in black. These break in pieces and throw into the 
 waters a great stone idol. It is the first incursion of the Christian 
 iconoclasts, for these are the Sulpitian fathers Galinee and Dollier, 
 and the date is 1670. 
 
 The second scene shows a strange vessel, with broad sails and 
 grotesque peak, plowing its way up the broad waters of the straits; 
 a stalwart soldier with flowing locks on the deck ; beside him a 
 black-robed, dark-eyed priest ; on the fertile shores, under the 
 
 11 
 
CASS SCHOOL. 
 
 virgin for- 
 ests, groups 
 of aborigines 
 gazing with 
 astonish- 
 ment. The 
 time was 
 1679; the 
 soldier was 
 the Cheva- 
 lier de la 
 Salle; the 
 priest was 
 
 the Recollet father Hennepin, and the banner waving above them 
 bore the fleurs-de-lis of the French King Louis XIV. 
 
 In the next scene upon this broad stage are twenty-five birch- 
 bark canoes, some thirty-five feet long, decorated with Indian sym- 
 bols, and manned by fifty soldiers in "bright blue coats and white 
 facings," with four officers, two priests and fifty emigrants. Their 
 long journey through the woods of Canada and down the waters 
 of Lake Huron and the St. Clair is ending as they near the shore 
 to the music of fife and drum. In the prow of the first and 
 largest boat stands a stately figure in the rich costume of the 
 French court, with broad laced chapeau and curling locks. It is 
 the Sieur de la Mothe Cadillac, who, having pointed out to his 
 monarch that the strategic key to the great lakes and the illimit- 
 able region beyond was upon this shore, has come with the commis- 
 sion to establish here a fort and colony. This is July, 1701. The 
 fort is soon built, and named Ponchartrain, in honor of the French 
 Minister. 
 
 Around the stockade gather settlements of the red men, soon 
 allied by firm ties to their white brothers from beyond the sea. 
 Soon the brave wife of the Governor makes her perilous way for a 
 thousand miles through the wilderness, past the great cataract of 
 Oniaghira, and up the lakes to join him. A civilized community 
 is established and organized. After nearly sixty years of slow but 
 steady growth, Wolfe scales the heights of Quebec, and the drapeau 
 
 12 
 
blanche of St. Louis gives place to the red cross of St. George. The 
 Indians do not take kindly to their new masters, and in a few 
 years the great chief Pontiac sweeps away in blood Michilimack- 
 inac and the other British outposts save Detroit, where Major 
 
 THE WATER WORKS. 
 
 Gladwin and his little garrison heroically sustain a siege of fifteen 
 months. Wars with the Indians are frequent, but when the colonies 
 revolt the British secure them as allies. At different times Daniel 
 Boone and Simon Kenton are brought captive from Kentucky. 
 The brutal Gov. Hamilton is captured at Vincennes in 1779 t)y 
 Colonel Clark, and sent a prisoner to Virginia ; but the various 
 expeditions against Detroit fail of success, and it is not until 1796 
 that Captain Porter hoists the stars and stripes over the city, a 
 tardy result of the capitulation at Yorktown. 
 
 After desultory border warfare and the almost total destruction 
 
 13 
 
THE BARSACKS, FORT WAYNE. 
 
 of the city by 
 fire in 1805, 
 comes the war 
 of 181 2, the 
 fall of Mack- 
 inaw and the 
 ignominiou s 
 surrender of 
 Detroit by 
 Hull on the 
 i6th of Aug- 
 ust. The ad- 
 vance of Gen- 
 eral Harrison, and Commodore Perry's victory at Put-in-Bay, on 
 Lake Erie, compels Proctor and the British garrison to evacuate 
 Detroit; and the defeat of Proctor and the death of Tecumseh in 
 the battle of the Thames avenges the massacre at the River Raisin. 
 General Cass, who, as colonel of the "Third Ohio, had been the 
 active spirit of Hull's advance, and who had broken his sword in 
 indignation when his chief surrendered, was now in military com- 
 mand as well as the civil governor of the territory. In his subse- 
 quent career as governor, secretary of war, minister to France, and 
 secretary of state. General Cass was not only for half a century 
 the foremost figure of the city of Detroit and the State of Michigan, 
 but of the great Northwest, which he " lifted from colonialism into 
 national dignity." No statue adorns more worthily than his the 
 great Valhalla of the republic, at Washington. 
 
 The bustle of trade and commerce has not since been often 
 silenced by the bugle and the drum in the City of the Straits. Mich- 
 igan sent its contingent to the Black Hawk and Mexican wars, and 
 on the 13th of May, 1861, its First Regiment, under Col. O. B. 
 Willcox, left for Washington, followed soon by the Second under 
 Col. I. B. Richardson, the Fifth under Col. H. D. Terry, and the 
 Sixth under Col. Stockton. From that April day in 1861, when the 
 assembled populace in the Campus Martius listened eagerly to the 
 invocation of the aged Cass, to the reception of the war-worn vete- 
 rans in the Michigan Central depot in the summer of 1865, Detroit 
 
 14 
 
was pervaded with the fervid heat of active patriotism. The mon- 
 ument on the Campus Martius to the 90,747 Michigan soldiers of 
 the war for the suppression of the Rebellion, is a just as well as a 
 magnificent testimonial. 
 
 With peace, under the wise practical guidance of Cass, after 
 the war of 181 2, came immigration, growth, prosperity and wealth. 
 Detroit had little more than a thousand inhabitants when a century 
 
 MICHIGAN CENTRAL STATION. 
 
 old. It was still a frontier town. The ninety years of this century 
 have seen it grow to a stately and beautiful city of nearly a 
 quarter of a million, with an extensive commerce both by water 
 and by rail; with great and varied manufactures, the products of 
 which are sent to every quarter of the globe; adorned by art and 
 refined taste, and distinguished also for its educational, religious, 
 charitable and benevolent institutions. 
 
 The traveler enters the city, of course, by the Michigan Central, 
 and passes through its elegant and commodious depot, built in 1883. 
 It is constructed of brick, with high, airy ceilings of carved oak^ 
 convenient in all its appointments, but without meretricious orna- 
 
 15 
 
THE SOLDIERS' MONUMENT. 
 
 ment, and is one of the marked 
 features of the city. Extend- 
 ing 182 feet on Third street, 
 and 380 feet on Woodbridge 
 street, it is in the main three 
 stories in height, with a mas- 
 sive square tower, 170 feet 
 high, at the corner, bearing a 
 large fine clock, the dials of 
 which may be seen at con- 
 siderable distance, standing, as 
 the tower does, at the foot of 
 Jefferson avenue. Passing up 
 this avenue, lined by substantial 
 commercial buildings, chiefly of 
 the wholesale trade, one soon 
 comes to the corner of Shelby 
 street and stands upon the site 
 of old Fort Pontchartrain, built 
 by Cadillac in 1701. The principal gate, by which Pontiac entered 
 when he expected to surprise the garrison, was where the First 
 National Bank now stands, at the corner of Jefferson avenue and 
 Griswold street. Three blocks 
 up Shelby street from Jeffer- 
 son avenue, at its intersection 
 with Fort street and Lafayette 
 avenue, stood the old Fort- 
 Lernoult, built "on the hill" 
 in 1778 and renamed Fort 
 Shelby, in honor of the gallant 
 governor of Kentucky, after 
 its occupation by General 
 McArthur, on the British evacuation in 18 13. 
 
 Another block beyond Griswold street, on Jefferson avenue, we 
 come to Woodward avenue, a broad, fine avenue, stretching north- 
 eastward from the river to beyond the city limits. Descending 
 rather steeply to the river, at its foot are steamer docks and the 
 
 16 
 
 THE PUBLIC Ubh. 
 
steam ferr}^ to ^Vindsor. tlie Canadian city un the farther shore. In 
 the other direction its ascent is very gradual until reaching its 
 higher level at the Campus Martins. 
 
 On the northern corner of Jefferson and Woodward avenues 
 is the city passenger and ticket office of the Michigan Central, 
 
 YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION BUI. DING. 
 
 where the traveler may purchase railroad and steamship tickets 
 to almost any point in the civilized world. By this time his attention 
 will have been attracted by the tall skeleton steel towers, tri- 
 angular and quadrangular, upon a single support, that he will see 
 
 17 
 
Htllf'ff 
 
 at prominent points here and there. 
 These towers are from a hundred 
 and fifty to a hundred and seventy- 
 five feet high, and are surmounted 
 by from six to eight electric Hghts. 
 On account of the ingenious nov- 
 elty of their design they excited 
 the deep interest of the French 
 engineer, Tissandier, who visited 
 Detroit in 1885 and described them 
 in detail in his interesting book of 
 .SV.v Mois ai/x Etats Unis. 
 
 Passing up Woodward avenue, 
 which is the chief artery of the 
 city, and divides it into two geo- 
 graphical divisions, the east and 
 west, we traverse the principal 
 retail or shoppnig region. The 
 broad avenue is lined by fine 
 stores, making a most creditable 
 display that is not belied by their 
 elegant wares within. At Congress 
 street, we see, a block to the left, the tall structure of the Masonic 
 Temple, and just beyond, on the right, the broad front of the Russell 
 House, for many years De- 
 troit's finest and best-known 
 hotel. 
 
 Then comes the Campus 
 ^Martins, the strategic center 
 of the city, from which diverge 
 t\v(i broad avenues — Michigan 
 on the left and Clratiot on the 
 right, running out to and be- 
 yond the western and north- Washington ave. from grand circus park. 
 
 eastern limits. Between Fort street and Michigan avenue, on the 
 left, is the City Hall, a handsome building of Amherst sand- 
 stone, completed in j868 at a cost of $600,000. Upon 
 
 18 
 
 THE FOUNTAIN, GRAND CIRCUS PARK. 
 
THE CAMPUS MARTIUS IN APRIL. 1865. 
 
 this site stood, until 1848, the Michigan Central l.ailroad 
 depot. The Cit\- Hall is built in the Italian style, four stories high 
 with a Mansard roof, and surmounted by a square central tower and 
 flag staff, two hundred feet above the ground. The tower contains 
 a fine bell, weighing 7,670 pounds, and a clock, said to be the largest 
 in the United States, the dials of which are illuminated at night. 
 From this elevated station a magnificent bird's-eye view is afforded 
 of the city and the surrounding country, which the visitor will find 
 well worth the trouble of the ascension. In niches on the Wood- 
 ward avenue and Griswold street fronts are excellent statues of the 
 Sieurs Cadillac and La Salle, and Fathers Marquette and Richard, 
 executed by Julius Melcher. On either side of the eastern portico 
 is an old cannon which was on the British fleet of Commodore 
 Barclay, captured by Perry in the battle on Lake Erie. 
 
 In front of the City Hall, on the east side of Woodward avenue, 
 is the Soldiers' Monument, a striking and most artistic memorial 
 to the patriotism of Michigan. It was designed by Randolph 
 Rogers of Rome, and constructed of Rhode Island granite, with 
 statues of golden bronze cast at Munich, the whole costing 
 
$7o,ooo. It is sixty feet in 
 April 9th, 1872, with appro- 
 its four sides are medallions 
 ragut and Sherman. On the 
 of the base are statues seven 
 the Infantry, Cavalry, Artil 
 up allegorical figuies of Un 
 tion and History The whok 
 female figure of Michigan 
 with sword and shield On 
 front of the facades 
 eagles. The 
 tared on 
 ment reads 
 " Erected 
 
 P L E OF 
 1 N HONOR 
 
 Martyrs 
 
 AND THE 
 WHO FOU 
 FENSE OF 
 AND U N 
 
 Back from 
 
 
 height, and was unveiled 
 priate ceremonies. On 
 of Lincoln, Grant, Far- 
 plinths at each corner 
 feet high, representing 
 lery and Navy, and higher 
 ion, Victory, Emancipa- 
 is surmounted by a 
 eleven feet m height, 
 granite pedestals in 
 are four bronze 
 inscription sculp- 
 the monu- 
 as follows: 
 BYTHE Peg- 
 Mi c H I G A N 
 
 OF THE 
 
 \V H O FELL 
 
 Heroes 
 
 GHT IN DE- 
 
 Liberty 
 
 ION." 
 
 the Sol- 
 
 WCOOWARD AVENUE BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 diers' Monument is the bare brick, barrack-looking buildings of 
 the market on Cadillac square, and across Monroe avenue is the 
 bronze fountain and bust of ex-Covernor Bagley. Looking down 
 Michigan avenue, on the left, the most conspicuous building is the 
 new Hotel Cadillac, a handsome, modern structure, on the corner 
 of Rowland street; and on the right, fronting the square, is the 
 Detroit Opera House, an elegant stone' building capable of seating 
 two thousand persons. 
 
 On Gratiot avenue, a block to the riglit of Woodward, is tlie 
 Public Library and Scientific Museum, a handsome and rather stately 
 building, seated back from the street, with fine shade-trees in front. 
 It now contains nearly a hundred thousand volumes and is admira- 
 bly conducted in a most practical and useful manner. Its popularity 
 is shown by the annuai drawing by its patrons of some hundred 
 
 20 
 
FIRST CONGREGATIONAL UNITARIAN CHUHCI- 
 
 and fifty thou- 
 sand volumes. 
 Its large and 
 well -lighted 
 reading-room 
 is adorned by 
 pictures, busts 
 and other art- 
 icles of great 
 historical in- 
 terest to the 
 visitor. 
 
 On the cor- 
 respondi ng 
 block to the 
 left of Wood- 
 ward avenue 
 
 is the High School, fronting on State street; and nearly back of it, 
 on the corner of Grand River avenue and Griswold street, is the 
 new Young Men's Christian Association building of brown sand- 
 stone, completed in 1887 at a cost of $118,000. It is one of the 
 most artistic structures in the city and is well supplied with every 
 means to attract and benefit the young men of the metropolis. A 
 railroad branch is located at Grand Trunk Junction and is produc- 
 tive of great good to the numerous railroad employes, who are glad 
 to avail themselves of its advantages. 
 
 Two blocks further we come to Grand Circus Park, occupying a 
 square upon either side of Woodward avenue. Though not of large 
 size, it is one of the oldest and most attractive of the city parks, and 
 the magnificent old shade trees, close-clipped lawns and splashing 
 fountains, make it a delicious summer resting place. From almost 
 any point one looks down the long, leafy vista of some broad, 
 diverging avenue — Washington, Bagley, Miami or Madison — so 
 lined by broad-boughed elms and maples, as to give scarcely any 
 indication of the palatial homes behind them. It is, in fact, to this 
 general prevalence of shade trees and extensive grounds with green 
 lawns and brilliant flowers, that Detroit owes one of its chiefest 
 
 21 
 
charms, a sense of reposeful beautv, of delicious coolness and of 
 homely comfort. This will be further appreciated as one continues 
 his way out Woodward avenue, and soon leaves behind, the region 
 of stores and shops, and finds the way lined by elegant and luxur- 
 ious mansions in various styles of architecture, and with that room- 
 iness, both of edifice and grounds, that indicates, not only 
 
 FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 
 
 abundance of means, but the taste and intelligence that fills life 
 with the greatest enjoyment and comfort. 
 
 On Woodward avenue are also located some of the principal 
 churches of the citv. On the corner of Adams avenue, opposite the 
 (irand Circus, is the Central M. E. Church, the oldest Protestant 
 church in the citv, dating from territorial days. It is a handsome 
 stone gothic structure, completed in 1867, with a tall tower measur- 
 ing a hundred and seventy-five feet to the top of the spire. 
 
 On the corner of High street is St. John's Episcopal Church, 
 also a stone gothic building with scjuare lower, built in 1860-61. 
 
^9HbSS^^^^HE|| 
 
 ■■■1 
 
 
 1.1 i-^ 
 
 
 
 
 HARPER HOSPITAL. 
 
 just beyond, 
 on the cor- 
 ner of Wind- 
 sor street, is 
 the Wood- 
 ward Ave- 
 nue Baptist 
 Church, con- 
 structed in 
 1 886, of Ionia 
 stone, at a 
 total cost of 
 $1 33, ooo, 
 
 and seating fifteen hundred. A square farther, on the west side of 
 the avenue, is the Second Congregational Church. 
 
 Upon opposite corners of Edmund Place and Woodward avenue 
 are two of the finest church edifices, but recently completed — the 
 First Congregational Unitarian and the First Presbyterian — mag- 
 nilicent structures of large size and of different styles of Romanesque 
 architecture. The latter has a pyramidal center and fine clustered 
 turrets, constructed of Lake Superior red sandstone, with interior 
 woodwork of antique oak. The church seats fourteen hundred 
 and the chapel eight hundred, and the cost, including ground, 
 was $165,000. 
 
 A few squares further out. on the corner of Parsons street, is the 
 handsome brick edifice, with stone facings, of the Westminster 
 Presbyterian Church. Nearly opposite, on the right, may be seen 
 through Martin Place, at the head of which it stands, the tall and 
 extensive buildings of Harper Hospital. This is one of the most 
 important charitable institutions of Detroit, and was founded in 
 1859 by Walter Harper and Nancy Martin, his housekeeper, who 
 kept a vegetable stall in the old market. The original buildings 
 were constructed by the Government in 1864 for a military hospital, 
 and at the close of the war were turned over to the Society, on 
 condition that it would care for the invalid Michigan veterans. 
 The present many-gabled brick building was completed -in 1884, 
 and accommodates two hundred and fifty patients. 
 

 l^iti^ 
 
 
 -J 
 
 
 - 
 
 1^^^^— — 
 
 ^ 
 
 GRACE HOSPiTAL. 
 
 A little further 
 north on John R. 
 street, corner of Willis 
 avenue, is the new 
 Grace Hospital, a 
 homoeopathic institu- 
 tion, founded by Amos 
 Chaffee, built by Sen- 
 ator James McMillan, 
 and richly endowed 
 by John S. Newberry. 
 No condition was at- 
 tached to these mu- 
 nificent gifts, save 
 that the hospital 
 should be forever 
 free to those who 
 should be unable to pay for its benefits. 
 
 That the citizens of this fair city believe not only in the we//s 
 Sana, but also in the corpore sano, is evidenced by the quaint and 
 handsome, long, low, broad-roofed building seen on the left, a little 
 further up Woodward avenue. This is the home of the Detroit 
 Athletic Club, a somewhat select and rather high-toned organiza- 
 tion that has accomplished a great deal for physical culture without 
 entering the professional field, though it has some famous athletes 
 among its members. 
 
 About a mile beyond this point. Woodward avenue crosses the 
 tracks of the Michigan Central's Belt Line and Bay City Division, 
 still north of which is the broad boulevard that nearly surrounds 
 .the city. 
 
 The observant visitor who thus traverses this principal avenue 
 sees really a good share, externally, of the city's domestic, educa- 
 tional, religious and charitable features, which are repeated a hun- 
 dred-fold in other quarters; but its marvelous manufactures, its 
 extensive commerce, its large wholesale trade and other interesting 
 elements of the city's wealth, prosperity and life are to be seen else- 
 where. Most of these require the greatest conveniences of rail 
 
 24 
 

CEThOIT ATHLETIC 
 
 transportation, 
 anU to see many 
 of the most in- 
 teresting manu- 
 facturing estab- 
 lishments the 
 visitor should 
 take one of the 
 numerous trains 
 of the Belt Line 
 which, starting 
 from the Michi- 
 gan Central's Union depot, at the foot of Third street, nearly en- 
 circles the city at a distance of about three miles from the City Hall, 
 sends out its spurs and sidings to the numerous plants along its line 
 and comes down nearly to the river again at Beaufait station, on 
 the east, near the magnificent bridge leading to Belle Isle. 
 
 Prominent among these great establishments are the works of 
 the Michigan and Peninsula Car Companies, the Detroit Car 
 Wheel Company, the Detroit Steel and Spring Works, the Russel 
 Wheel and Foundry Company, the (xrififin Car Wheel Company, the 
 Detroit Bridge and Iron Works, the Fulton Iron and Engine Works, 
 the Michigan Malleable Iron C'ompany. The output is immense — 
 twenty thousand cars of every kind and ten times as many car 
 wheels having been turned out in a single year; in fact, they run 
 wherever in this country rails are laid, and even in foreign lands. 
 Detroit is no less distinguished for its immense productions of iron 
 and steel castings, engines, machines, architectural iron and steel, 
 safes, .stoves, copper and brass castings, pins and other metallic arti- 
 cles. The works of a single stove company cover ten acres of 
 ground, and these cast-iron domestic furnishings are known all over 
 the world. Detroit's manufacture of chemicals, drugs and ])harma- 
 ceutical preparations also exceeds that of any other city, and the 
 establishment of Park, Davis & Co. is probably the largest in the 
 world. The varnish, tobacco, matches, boots and shoes, crackers 
 and other products are also immense in quantity, and distinguished 
 for their value and quality. The house of D. M. Ferrv iS: Co., 
 
 2G 
 
whose extensive seed farm is just outside the city hmits, is also one 
 of the largest of its kind in the world. 
 
 To make a statistical resume, the estimated value of the manu- 
 factures of Detroit is more than $50,000,000, of which the most 
 important are: Railroad cars, $9,000,000; drugs and pharmaceu- 
 tical preparations, $4,500,000; stoves, $4,500,000; manufactured 
 tobacco, $4,000,000 ; varnish, $2,500,000 ; boots and shoes, 
 $2,000,000; clothing, $2,000,000; lager beer, $1,770,000; car wheels, 
 $1,250,000; and car springs, candy, malt, leather, bridges and 
 chairs, $1,000,000 each. The si.\ hundred and twenty manufactur- 
 ing establishments employ nearly forty-five thousand persons and 
 
 GRACE HOSPITAL AVBULANCE 
 
 pay out more than $200,000 weekly in wages. Its twenty-one 
 banks have more than $9,000,000 capital. 
 
 Griswold street is the Wall street of Detroit, its financial centre. 
 It seems narrow beside Woodward and Jefferson avenues, but an 
 eastern visitor has written of it as being " as far in advance of State 
 street in Boston, and Wall street in New York, as our time is of the 
 last century." It is a region of banks, insurance companies, 
 lawyers, and offices of lumber, mining, manufacturing and commer- 
 cial companies, and an air of financial solidity pervades the street. 
 
 West Fort street, like Jefferson avenue above St. Antoine, and 
 Woodward avenue bevond the (".rand Circus, is filled with a long 
 
succession of "private palaces, 
 overhung with great trees, and 
 seated amid beautiful grounds 
 that are parks in miniature." 
 General Alger's house is a 
 prominent feature between First 
 and Second streets. On the 
 corner of Sec'ojid street is Grace 
 Episcopal Church, and on the 
 corner of Third street is the 
 Fort Street Presbyterian 
 Church, a handsome limestone 
 Gothic edifice, with a graceful 
 spire rising to a height of 230 
 feet. 
 
 Two miles below the Mich- 
 igan Central station, the Fort 
 street cars turn down to River 
 street, and run down to Fort 
 Wayne, a bastioned fortifica- 
 tion enclosing sixty-five acres, 
 and commanding the riverchan- 
 nel with its heavy guns. It 
 was built by General M. C. 
 Meigs from 1843 to 185 1, and 
 has always been the largest 
 and most important fortress in 
 the lake region. 
 
 Immediately below Fort 
 Wayne, at the mouth of the 
 River Rouge, is the immense 
 building of the Detroit Inter- 
 national Fair and Exposition, 
 surrounded by extensive 
 grounds. This annual exposi- 
 FORT STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. tlon has bcen frotti the com- 
 
 mencement a great success and is of much interest and importance. 
 
 28 
 
OFFICERS' QUARTERS, FORT WAYNE. 
 
 Going east- 
 ward again, we 
 find on Jeffer- 
 son avenue, at 
 the corner of 
 Hastings 
 street, a large 
 buildingwhose 
 massive and 
 beautiful arch- 
 itecture strike 
 the eye at 
 once. Detroit 
 has no finer 
 edifice, nor one 
 more credita- 
 ble to its taste and perception of the beautiful. 
 
 This is the Museum of Art which was opened in 1887, and 
 already contains a large and excellent exhibit, including the 
 Scripps collection of Old Masters and the Frederick Stearns collec- 
 tion of Japanese, Chinese and East Indian Curios, numbering some 
 fifteen thou- 
 sand pieces. 
 So rapid has 
 been the ac- 
 cumulation 
 of art treas- 
 ures that 
 there is al- 
 ready a lack 
 of space for 
 proper d i s - 
 play, and a 
 new w i n g , 
 running back to the next street, is now being added. 
 
 Beyond the Museum of Art we pass a long succession of pala- 
 tial, private residences with the beautiful and attractive surround- 
 
 29 
 
 THE fcXFUilTloN BUILDING. 
 
ings we have noticed elsewhere. Crossing the 1)., G. H. iJt M. 
 tracks, we come to Beaufait station, the terminus of the Belt Line, 
 
 THE MUSEUM OF ART. 
 
 and a little ways beyond, at the foot of Frontenac avenue, to the 
 long bridge, crossing an arm of the river to Belle Isle. This is a 
 .superb work of twelve spans, 3,134 feet in length, costing $300,000. 
 
 Belle Isle itself is a mo.st 
 delightful park, nearly seven 
 luuidred acres in e.xtent, lying- 
 near the head of Detroit river. 
 It is covered with beautiful 
 hickory, oak, maple and elm 
 trees, with numerous natural 
 lawns, and was laid out as a 
 park in 1882 by Frederick Law 
 REsiDENC£ OF GEN. ALGER. Olmstccl, thc rccognlzcd master 
 
 of the art of landscape architecture. T!ie handsome casino, the 
 boat house, the drives and walks, the broad canal with its numer- 
 
 30 
 
oiis gay pleasure boats, ami all the other artificial teatures, are all 
 in harmony with, and only sure to enhance the natural beauties of 
 
 IN THE PARK, BELLE ISLE. 
 
 the spot. At the upper end of the island is a substantial stone light- 
 house. 
 
 Just above Belle Isle, on the river side, are the brick tower and 
 buildings of the Water Works, which supply the city with a daily 
 average of over thirty-two million gallons through some three 
 hundred and fifty miles of pipe. Then comes ^^"indmill Point 
 Light-House at the entrance to 
 the river, and sweeping around 
 into Lake St. Clair, we see, to 
 the left, Grosse Pointe, the 
 fashionable suburb of Detroit. 
 Here the wealthier citizens have 
 their summer residences or 
 country homes. These wit' 
 their grounds are very beau- 
 tiful, and the nine mile drive 
 along the river and the lake, out to the Pointe, is a delightful 
 one, which every visitor to Detroit should take. 
 
 •■)[ 
 
We are now beyond the geographical limits of " The City of the 
 Straits," but still fully within its active, spirited, over-flowing life. 
 Naturally, the youth of Detroit take to water like ducks, and the 
 number of boat clubs, yachting clubs, hunting and fishing clubs, 
 and all kinds of out-door associations is legion. This is a feature 
 which must strike the most casual visitor, as he stands upon one of 
 the docks near the great warehouses, tall elevators, or clanging 
 foundries by the river side, or crosses the strait upon one of the 
 powerful steel transfer steamers of the Michigan Central, which 
 carry a whole train across in a few minutes. The view is indeed an 
 inspiring one, as the river front and harbor is constantly filled with 
 a gay and shifting fleet of all varieties of craft, from the great lake 
 
 ELMWOOD CtMtlER 
 
 Steamer to the white-sailed yacht and the swiftly darting shell-boat. 
 The lover of the picturesque will regret the day when the necessi- 
 ties of commerce demand the somewhat more speedy passage of 
 the river by a tunnel insteatl of the more attractive, though brief, 
 sail on the surface of the water. 
 
 Detroit river, however, forms but the entrance to the aquatic 
 field of sport, whose devotees quickly seek the broad sheet of Lake 
 St. Clair and the river above with its marshes and estuaries. 
 Directly north of Grosse Pointe is Mt. Clemens, famous for its 
 mineral springs and sanitary baths. It is on Clinton river, a few 
 miles from its mouth, and reached both by boat and by rail. 
 
 33 
 
Across Lake St. Clair, and passinj,' up the U. S. Sliip (Janal, we 
 come to the St. Clair Flats, famous throughout the country for its 
 
 feathered and tinny game, its 
 boat and club houses, its hotels 
 and its cooks. Star Island is 
 tjuite small, and it is sometimes 
 difficult to distinguish the limits 
 of land and water, but its fame 
 is broad as the nation. Yet 
 this is but one star of the gal- 
 axy, and Detroiters are fond 
 of this kind of astronomy. Still 
 farther up the St. Clair river 
 we pass Harsen's Island, Oak 
 Crove, Marine City with its 
 extensive shipyards, and come 
 to St. Clair Springs, famous for 
 its mineral springs, its curative baths and its Oakland House, all 
 of which are deservedly popular. And, having brought our visitor 
 to so delightful a spot, which he or she will leave only with regret, 
 we will do Well to go no farther. 
 
 MICHIGAN CENTRAL T (UNSFER STEAMER. 
 
THE MUTUAL 
 
 LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 
 
 OF NEW YORK. 
 
 HKTIAKl) A. McCULiDY. iVcsidcnt. 
 
 Statement for the Year ending Dec. 31st, 1890. 
 
 ASSKTS, 
 
 Reserve on Policies at 4'.' 
 
 Liabilities other than Reserve. 
 
 Surplus. 
 
 Receipts from all Sources, 
 
 Payments to Policy-Holders, 
 
 Risks Assumed, 
 
 Risks in Force, 
 
 1147,154,961.20. 
 
 49,iSS policies. 
 206,055 policies. 
 
 $136,668,368.00 
 
 505.359-S2 
 
 9.981,233.38 
 
 34,978,778.69 
 
 16,973,200.05 
 
 160,985,985.58 
 
 638,226,865.24 
 
 THE ASSETS ARE INVESTED AS FOLLOWS : 
 
 Real Kstate and Bond and Mortgage Loans, . . . . . $76,529,231.72 
 
 I'nited States Bonds and other Securities, ..... 5i.3".63i-54 
 
 Loans on Collateral Securities, .... ... 8,624,400.00 
 
 Cash in Banks and Trust Companies at Interest. .... 3,556,441-59 
 
 Interest accrued. Premiums deferred, etc., ..... 7.133.256.35 
 
 $147,154,961.20 
 
 I have carefully examined the foregoing statement and find the same to be correct, 
 
 A. X. WATERHOUSE, Auditor. 
 
 From the Surplus above stated a dividend will be apportioned as usual. 
 
 The busine.ss for 1S90 shows INCREASE over that of 1889, as follows: 
 In Assets. _......... 
 
 In Reserve on Policies and Surphis. .---.. 
 In Receipts. ....-..- 
 
 In Payments to Policy-Holders, • - 
 
 In Risks .\ssuraed, _ . . . 4,61 1 policies, 
 
 In Risks in Force, ..... 23,745 policies, - 
 
 Year. 
 
 1SS4 $34,681,420 
 
 1885 46.507,139 
 
 1S86 56,832.719 
 
 1887 69,457.468 
 
 1S88 103,214.261 
 
 1889 151.602,483 
 
 1890 160.9.S5.986 
 
 Receipts. 
 
 Risks Risks Payments to 
 
 .\ssutned. Outstanding. Policy-Holders 
 
 5351-789,285 $13,923.062.19 $19,095,318.41 
 
 368,981.441 14.402,049.90.... 20,214,954,28 
 
 "393.809,203. ... 13,129,103.74 21. 137.176.67 
 
 427.628,933 14.128,423.60 23.119,922.46 
 
 482.125,184 14,727,550.22 26.215,932.52 
 
 565.949.934.. . 15,200.608.38 31.119.019.62 
 
 638.226.865. 16,973.200.05 34.978,778.69 
 
 $10,753.633- >8 
 
 10,554,091.94 
 
 3,859.759-07 
 
 1.772,591-67 
 
 9-383,502.21 
 
 72,276,931.32 
 
 Asset.s. 
 
 $103,876,178.51 
 108.908.967.51 
 114.181,963.24 
 118,806,851.88 
 126,082,153.56 
 136.401.328 02 
 147,154,961.20 
 
 FERGUSON & GRANT. General Agents, 
 For Michigan, Indiana and Wisconsin, 
 
 Detroit, Michigan. 
 3.5 
 
HANNA & NOYES, 
 
 East Grand Cireus Park, 
 
 IMPORTERS, . . ART GALLERIES, 
 
 Oil ai)d Waher=C olor Paii^bii^^s, 
 Kbct)ii)6^, Ki)6raYii)6s, PI)obo6rapl)s, Ebc. 
 Fii)e Picbure FraiT)ir)^ a ^pecialby. 
 VISIT OUR GALLERIES WHEN IN THE CITY. 
 
 HANNA & NOYES, 
 
 X:ast Orand C'ir<^\i« Park, I>E2TROIT, IMIOH. 
 
 DETROIT'S GREAT 
 HEALTH RESORT 
 
 ^ Clark's Riverside Mineral Springs Bath House. 
 
 I>IH«*HH4*H SiifCM'ssriilIy Troj»l«»d.— RheiimatiMu >ikiii I)i-.e.ises Blood Poisomnt; 
 
 from any cause whatever. Female diseases. Neuralgiu. 1 )yspepsia. Catarrh, Kidney 
 
 and Bladder Troubles. Open every day of the year. 
 FortSt. West, cor. Clark Ave., Detroit. Mich. A. S. CLARK, Prop. 
 
 36 
 

 «- C'-o-d-r/t^re.C^i/ y J^?^y'-^^-e- '^g/.-o--^/ /r /'^i,£L/^C <x-C€^ 
 
 ■iy / J-?^ /!-■(- 'C'-e- -^1^1 
 
 
 C. J. Whitney & Co. 
 
 40 FORT STREET, WEST. 
 
 CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC 
 
 EVERY BRANCH TAUGHT. 
 
 Unrivaled Advantages for Complete Musical 
 Education. 
 
 TWENTY-FOUR .INSTRUCTORS. 
 NEARLY 700 STUDENTS. 
 PROSPECTUS ON APPLICATION. 
 
 J. H. HAHN, DIRECTOR, 
 
 40 West Fort St , DETROIT, MICH. 
 
F^ORKIGN • AND • IDoiVLKSTIC 
 
 CARPETS 
 
 All P r ices from pjp | BEN CENTS ^^^ Yard Up. 
 
 CURTAINS. — Selected from the handsomest 
 patterns by the best makers, at low prices. 
 
 TAPESTRIES AND HANGINGS.— Charm- 
 ing and unique in style. 
 
 JAPANESE NOVELTIES.— In endless as- 
 sortment and device. 
 
 Gamble & Partridge 
 
 219-221-223 Woodward Avenue, 
 
 (ABOVE GRAND RIVER) 
 
 Teleplr^one 1Q8Q. DETROIT, MICH. 
 
 38 
 
For Toilet, Bath and Shampoo, >i' 
 >h Ko Ko Jelly is Entirely New 
 
 ^^^^M'^k 
 
 "GRANDPA LIKES IT." 
 A. Ko Ko Jelly Shampoo. 
 
 , . A JELLY SOAP . . 
 
 Nothing like it for the baby ! 
 
 Gives a regular Sea Foam for a bath ! 
 
 Removes Dandruff! 
 
 If your druggist does not keep it. send 
 
 25c and we will send you one jar 
 
 free of express charges. 
 
 PUT VI' O.NI.V ]!V 
 
 E. L. BALDWIN & CO. 
 
 DETROn; MICH. 
 
 Wm. T. Simpson, 
 
 Oni.y Successor to James A. Foster in Miciuc.an in thi; 
 
 MANUKACTrRE OF 
 
 FOSTER'S patent UNION 
 
 ARTIFICIAL LIMBS 
 
 112 & 11-4 Bates Street, 
 DETROIT, MICHIGAN. 
 
 Descriptive Catalogues and Mank'^ for makiiit,' applications for Governiueul orders f jr 
 Limbs and tran-ii^urlation or coniniutaliou therefor scut free on application. 
 
 39 
 
Robt. McKinstrv. Jas. A. Wilson, 
 
 Co. C, 7G N. Y." Co. C, ,-,9 111. Int. 
 
 FOR PENSIONS 
 
 Call on or write lo 
 
 ROBT. McKlNSTRI 
 
 Late U. S. I'ension Agent of Micli. 
 
 Room 404. Hammo)id Bui/diii!^. 
 Detroit, Midi. 
 
 All claims against the U. S. solicited. 
 Consultations free. No charge until claims 
 are collected. 
 
 40 
 
McCoY'S New European Hotel. 
 
 RATES 
 
 $1.00 
 
 PER DAY 
 
 & UPWARDS. 
 
 FIRST CLASS 
 RESTAURANT 
 CONNECTED. 
 
 250 EAST, SOUTH .AND WKST 
 FRONT ROOMS. 
 
 FIRE PROOF BUILDING . . . 
 
 Hydraulic I'assenger Elevator. 
 
 Firt alarm call in each room. 
 
 Wm. McCoy, 
 
 OWNF.K AND I'KOrRIETOR, 
 
 Cor. Clark & Van Buren Sts. 
 
 CHICAGO, ILL. 
 
 This house is owned by a com- 
 rade of the old 14th N. v. Heavj- 
 Artillery. 
 
 REAL KSTATB. 
 
 We have desirable city and suburban property for sale. 
 Purchasers from us always make . . . . 
 
 OOOD M:0NEV on their IMVESTxMENTS. 
 
 LOANS . . . 
 
 We make real estate loans for capitalists and corporations. 
 Have had extensive experience in the business. 
 
 BEST REF^ERENCES GIVEN. 
 
 ANDERSON & COURTNEY, 
 
 143 Griswold St. - DETROIT, MICH. 
 
 41 
 
B-iMl 
 
 s^^ 
 
 ; ^^^W^ 
 
 ; |i 
 
 m\ 
 
 E^J 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ■* 
 
 1 
 
 ^^H Sm 
 
 m^'^M 
 
 tK 
 
 _ > '% 
 
 
 L.ff*'^ 
 
 rW 
 
 fl^. 
 
 i ^ 
 
 wJKm 
 
 SLOB&TOBACI»CO 
 
 -OETROIT.MtCH.- 
 
 ^•*>' 
 
 ^ lli Hk 
 
 .y> 
 
 '^^1 
 
 rr^ 
 
FARRAND, WILLIAMS k CLARK, 
 
 32 AND 34 Woodward x\venue, 
 DETROIT, MICH. 
 
 Iv^HOLESALE ' DRUGGISTS 
 
 IMPORTERS 
 
 JOBBERS OF 
 
 P^ixTS, Oils, V^rnishks and 
 Paint Brushes 
 
 AND MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 Fluid Extracts and Pharmaceutical 
 Preparations. 
 
 W^e Carrv ci Fin^e Lin.e of 
 
 •• DRUGGISTS' SUNDRIES <■ 
 
 and Invite tlie Inspection of 
 
 Tliose who Han.d.le Such. Goods. 
 
 43 
 
THE DIRECTORS. 
 
 ppe^ton [latsional M\ 
 of DEfsfoili, Mich. 
 
 Thos. W. Palmer, Presideut. 
 F. W. Hayes, Vice-President. 
 C. A. Black. 
 
 W. H. Elliott. 
 
 James E. Davis. 
 JAS. D. Standish. 
 
 H. S. PiNGREE. 
 
 A. E. F. White. 
 W. D. Preston. 
 
 ^-^ A T-.-r^TA »T ^n,-, ^-^^-^.r^ ^,^^-^ John Canfield. 
 
 CAPITAL, $1,000,000, ^ w. R. Burt. 
 
 COMMERCIAL Are received from Mercantile and Commercial 
 
 Houses, Manufacturing Establishments, Private 
 Individuals and Firms, in accordance with the pre- 
 vailing custom in similar establishments. 
 
 ACCOUNTS 
 
 CHECKS AND DRAFTS ON THE PRINCIPAL CITIES of the countn.-, and important places 
 in Michigan and other States, received on deposit without discount. 
 
 APPROVED COMMERCIAL PAPER discounted, and LOANS made on satisfactory names 
 or collateral. 
 
 ____._-. p-y^uA|i|/~e* Having our own accounts in London, Paris, Berlin, 
 
 FO REieiN EACHAINCaE:. Vienna, Rome and other important points, we are 
 
 always prepared to quote the highest buying and lowest selling rate for foreign bills,'in 
 large or small amounts. 
 
 COMMERCIAL This Bank issues its own Commercial Letters oi 
 
 I r--|-TpQo or r»DCTMT Credit (the onlj- Bank in the State doing soi, by 
 
 ' which merchants who desire to buj- in foreign mar- 
 
 kets are enabled to obtain the necessary credit with Manufacturers, Jobbers and Commis- 
 sion Houses. Full information will be given to those interested upon application. 
 
 TRAVELERS' Available in all parts of the world, are issued on our 
 
 . ______ -^_ r^ocTMT °^^" forms immediatelj- upon application, and 
 
 "-^•'^"^ °. CREDIT, without the intervention of any other institution. 
 
 In this feature of the business we have no competitor in this State. 
 
 TR AV E LE RS' We are prepared to issue Circular Notes available in 
 
 /^iDr^iii AD M<^Trc several hundred cities and towns in the United 
 
 CI RCULAR INOTtS. states, Canada and Mexico, with aTorm of intro- 
 
 duction and identification (of which we have exclusive use), enabling travelers to'draw 
 funds at any important place without delay or annoyance. 
 
 SPECIAL Capitalists, Trustees, Executors, Administrators, 
 
 ar'r^rniMTC Guardians, Agents and others having funds in 
 
 their possession for investment or safe keeping, can 
 
 make favorable arrangements with this Bank for 'Special Accounts," on which proper 
 
 rates of interest will be allowed, upon conditions of withdrawals to be agreed upon. 
 
 44 
 MAP ISSUED WITH THIS 
 PUBLICATION IS IN THE 
 iVIAP DIVISION 
 
V . " • 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 
 '^0 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 It c ' 
 
 vO C, • Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process. 
 , V^ Neutralizing Agent: Magnesium Oxide 
 Ax Treatment Date: 
 
 ,-Jv^ . 
 
 o V- 
 
 IBBKKEEPER 
 
 PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGIES, LP. 
 1 1 1 Thomson Park Drive 
 Cranberry Township, PA 16055 
 (724) 779-21 1 1 
 

 » . ^ DOBBS BROS. 
 
 . VV LIBRARY eiNOII 
 
 • VcJ ST. AUGUSTINE r^ J'^jyToZ- ^ 
 
 »V^ /^^ FLA. <t "M^^\ ^^ r 
 
 T.AUGUSTINE cP J-L/Y^- ^ ,i"» • %lJ<^fv " "^ 
 
 32084 O^ 
 
 
 
 
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