Cbe mcHtnky 
 ft memorial 
 
 Brooklyn Eagle library 
 
 October, 1901 
 
/ 
 
 QasstjXU. 
 Book- 
 
 L^ 
 
 .rii7i 
 
Copyright, 1900, by Rockwood, New York 
 
 WILLIAM McKINLEY 
 
^be 
 
 /nbclkinle^ 
 
 /llbemotial 
 
 Public Observances of All Religious Denominations, 
 
 Tribute of Music, Poetry, and Eloquence* Life and 
 
 Character of the Late President. Assassination 
 
 and Funeral Services* 
 
 OFFICE OF PUBLICATION 
 
 EAGLE BUILDING, BROOKLYN 
 
 Entered at the Brooklyn-New York Post Office as Second Class Matter. Vol. XVI., No. U, of tfie Eagle Library, Serial No. 59, 
 October, J901. Yearly Subscription, One Dollar. Almanac Number, Twenty-five Cents. 
 

 Contents* 
 
 Preparatory ^ 
 
 o 
 
 Life of President MeKiuley 
 
 Mr. McKinley's Cliurch Relations ' 9 
 
 The Assassination and What Follo^Yod 10 
 
 Autopsy ^1 
 
 The Pulpits of Brooklyn 1- 
 
 "LeaU Kindly Light" (Hyum) -■- 
 
 Funeral Services -3 
 
 The Five Minute Halt ; 2G 
 
 International Sympathy -8 
 
 Home Tributes 30 
 
 Memorial Services 31 
 
 "Nearer, My God, to Thee" (Hymn) il 
 
 Life and Death of the Country's Chief Magistrate 45 
 
 "Sometime We'll Understand" (Hymn) 55 
 
 Eulogy by Stephen V. White 50 
 
 Tributes in Verse 59 
 
 President McKinley's Last Speech GO 
 
 McKinley's National Programme 01 
 
 Broolvlyn Eagle Editorials: 
 
 Yellow Journalism and Yellow Oratory 02 
 
 Anarchy Must Go 62 
 
 The Nation's Three Tragic Ordeals 03 
 
 President's Case To-day 04 
 
 Enforcement of Existing Laws Enough 05 
 
 Plain Words Are Best GG 
 
 The President - 00 
 
 McKinley in History 07 
 
 The President's Surgeons G8 
 
 I The Stricken AVife 68 
 
 'r These Are Words of Life CO 
 
 • '! The Procession Moves On CO 
 
 Meaning of His Life 70 
 
 England's Sympathy 71 
 
 President Theodore Roosevelt 72 
 
 President Theodore Roo.sevelt 73 
 
 OCT 88 "'^^ 
 
I 
 
Prefatory 
 
 W 
 
 ITHIN this publication will be found matter which will sub-divide itself into chapters concern- 
 ing recent monumentally important and pathetically tragic events of historical and world-wide 
 interest. 
 
 The matter concerns the cruel and unnatural murder of William McKinley, lately President 
 of the United States, while in the act of meeting his fellow citizens on an occasion of hospitable greeting. 
 
 The shock felt by the country was immediate and awful. Tlie surprise and grief of the world were instant 
 and well nigh without parallel. The indignation of humanity was shown, with its sorrow, on a scale extraor- 
 dinary for its magnitude, with a detail exquisite in its denotement, and with a sense of personal bereave- 
 ment which signalized in the death of a President the loss of a friend. 
 
 Aside from the event, will be found in the following pages the unprecedented response of continents, gov- 
 ernments, commonwealths, cities, towns, villages and the heart of mankind to the appeal made to pity and to 
 grief. Those pages exhibit not only the perpetration of a wicked deed, not only the terror and sympathy of 
 the human race, but the regnancy of the character of the martyr- President in the thoughts of men, and the 
 regnaney of love for character everywhere in human hearts and lives. 
 
 Statements will be found of the memorial observances, which involved extraordinary mortuary honors, elo- 
 quent sermons and addresses touching on the life and character of the man commemorated, and the simple 
 but impressive tributes to him not merely by the government, but by America and the world. 
 
 His history is finished. His service is ended. His fame on earth is as assured as his immortality in 
 Heaven. The things which he did for his country were unique, imperishable and incomparable. But if his 
 life was an extraordinary contribution to affairs, so did he by his faith, chivalry, tenderness and love in his 
 dying hours, do more for religion, pure and undefiled, than the organizations of religion, by mere didactics 
 or declarations or institutional energy, have themselves been able to do for it, for a long time, if ever before, 
 in our history. 
 
of president McKinley. 
 
 HE passing of William McKinley 
 removes one of the most Inter- 
 esting and striking characters 
 uf the last halt a century. He 
 stood prominent before all na- 
 tions and his death carried sor- 
 row and regret into more 
 homes throughout the world 
 than that of any of his prede- 
 cessors. He was more widely 
 known than any President of 
 the United States because of 
 prominence given him, re- 
 tbe enactment of the Mc- 
 
 with its ramifications affecting 
 of nearly every 
 
 the world 
 suiting in 
 Kinley bill 
 the commercial interests 
 
 country on the globe, and because of the 
 President's Incumbency during the Spanish- 
 American war and the change of policy of 
 this nation in acquiring foreign territory, 
 this policy having at once brought the United 
 States to the front as a world power and 
 carrying Mr. McKinley's name to the far- 
 thest corners of the globe as the champion 
 of this new departure in American govern- 
 ment. Mr. McKinley's benevolence and 
 charity became world famed by reason of his 
 consideration of and generosity toward the 
 defeated Spanish kingdom and the overpow- 
 ered Filipinos. His attitude in the Chinese 
 war growing out of the Boxer uprisings gave 
 him even wider fame and one of the re- 
 markable incidents of the period following 
 his death was the cable reports from China 
 of the sorrow and sympathy In that country 
 over his loss. The changed conditions of the 
 last quarter of a century, the cable, ex- 
 pansion of American trade in the Old World 
 countries, the better means of dissemination 
 of news and the development of a more 
 friendly and broader feeling between this na- 
 tion and foreign governments and their peo- 
 ples all contributed to the enlargement of the 
 sphere of influence and fame of President 
 McKinley. He easily had the distinction of 
 being the best known and most respected of 
 our Presidents among the peoples of other 
 tongues. For many reasons his character and 
 career have excited widespread interest 
 throughout the world, and the story of his 
 earnest and successful lite is, no doubt, 
 familiar to the households of the world 
 nations. 
 
 Mr. McKinley was an Ohioan by birth, hav- 
 ing been born at a small place called Niles in 
 Trumbull County. January 29, 1843. He was, 
 therefore, a little more than 58 years and 
 7 months old when he died Saturday morn- 
 ing, September 14, from the wound inflicted 
 by the assassin, Leon Czolgosz, at the Pan- 
 American Exposition In Buffalo. At the age of 
 18 he Joined the Federal .\rmy In the Civil 
 War, and In September, 1862, won the rank of 
 second lieutenant, and shortly afterward be- 
 came a flrit lieutenant. Later he was made 
 
 a captain, his commission bearing date of 
 July 25, 1864. Hia record In the Army was a 
 splendid one, and his comrades pointed to 
 it with great pride. He received the brevet 
 rank of major from President Lincoln "for 
 gallant services at the battles of Opequan. 
 Fisher's Creek, and Cedar Hill." He was 
 with Sheridan at Shenandoah, served on the 
 staffs of Generals Hayes, Crook, Hancock 
 and Carroll, and was mustered out of the 
 service with his regiment July 26, 1865, after 
 more than four years of continuous service. 
 
 His Great Political Career. 
 
 His political career began In 1869 and this 
 marked the starting of one of the most re- 
 markable and most successful public careers 
 in the history of America. Mr. McKinley 
 studied law after leaving the Army, was ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1867 and opened an of- 
 fice in Canton. In 1869 ho was nominated for 
 prosecuting attorney of Stark County on the 
 Union Republican ticket and was elected. In 
 1871 he was renominated and defeated. In 
 1876 he was nominated as the Republican 
 candidate for Congress and was elected. His 
 meteoric career in Congress is well known 
 even in other lands. 
 
 He was re-elected to the Forty-sixth. 
 Forty-seventh and Forty-eighth Congresses, 
 but late In the session of the Forty-eighth 
 the Democratic House gave his seat to his 
 contestant. In 1SS4 he was elected to the 
 Forty-ninth Congress and re-elected to the 
 Fiftieth and Fifty-first. In 1889 he became 
 chairman of the committee on ways and 
 means and had charge of the tariff bill which 
 received his name. In 1890 he was defeated 
 tor re-election and the next year was elected 
 Governor of Ohio. He was re-elected in 
 189-3, retired from office January 1, 1896, on 
 June IS was nominated for President and 
 elected November 3. 
 
 Mr. McKinley's great grandfather. David 
 McKinley, enlisted three times in the Revo- 
 lutionary War and served for nearly three 
 years. William McKinley was of Scotch-Irish 
 descent, and this with the Revolutionary 
 record of his great-grandfather, gave him 
 good flshting blood and good Scotch judg- 
 ment. -McKinley saw service as a soldier 
 before he had passed the age when many 
 boys leave their boyish irresponsibility be- 
 hind them. 
 
 At the Poland Academy McKinley was pre- 
 pared to enter college and at the age of 16 
 he was matriculated at Allegheny College, 
 Meadvllle, Pa. Scarcely was he well started 
 in his studies there, however, when he fell 
 ill and was compelled to return home. When 
 his health was restored he found himself 
 thrown largely on his own resources. 
 
 McKinley in War. 
 Mr. McKinley's struggle for a college edu- 
 cation was Interrupted by the coming on of 
 
 the war and lie joined Company E of tli« 
 Twenty-third Ohio Infantry Regiment which 
 was organized at Poland. They were nearly 
 all young men, but little, if any, older than 
 McKinley. There were thousands of boys en- 
 listed at the age of 18, and there was no 
 particular distinction in McKinley's becoming 
 a soldier at that age. But in the service as 
 a soldier he did show courage and judgment 
 which attracted attention. Before he was 
 21, at the battle of Antletam, as commlssory 
 sergeant, he did an unusual thing by serving 
 the men who had gone into battle without 
 breakfast with hot coffee on the battlefield 
 where they were fighting. This was not laid 
 down as a rule of duty, and McKinley acted 
 on his judgment that men could not fight well 
 with empty stomachs, and he loaded several 
 wagons with hot coffee and, driving to the 
 front, distributed it to the men while they 
 were fighting. For this he was promoted. 
 
 President Lincoln breveted McKinley major 
 for gallant conduct at Opequan and other 
 battles. Lincoln was the kind of man who 
 did not allow technicalities to stand in the 
 way of his doing what he regarded as right, 
 and he appreciated such service as that of 
 McKinley. It was this freedom from the 
 technicalities and formalities that surround 
 a President, that made him the wisest ruler 
 that could have commanded the destinies ot 
 the country in Its supreme hour of peril. 
 
 Takes Up the Law. 
 
 Mr. McKinley's first ambition as a young 
 man was to become an officer in the regular 
 army, but from this he was dissuaded by 
 his parents, his mother, whom he loved so 
 devotedly, opposing the step vigorously. She 
 desired her son William to become a Meth- 
 odist minister, but he did not take to the 
 idea, preferring a career In the law and in 
 politics. He studied law with Judge Charles 
 E. Gliddcn and, when admitted to the bar 
 in 1867, he decided to take up his residence 
 in Canton. He soon won a name tor himself 
 in that place and served two years as pros- 
 ecuting attorney ot Stark County, after 
 which he settled down to the practice of 
 hi^ profession. It was at this period of hit 
 life that Mr. McKinley first attracted the 
 attention of Mark Hanna, the two becoming 
 friends shortly after their first meeting. He 
 appeared for some coal mine strikers in a 
 case in which Hanna had lawyers on tha 
 other side, and the two men clashed fre- 
 quently during the first weeks ot their 
 acquaintance. This incident In Mr. McKln- 
 j ley's legal career eslabli.shed the fact that 
 ho was a lawyer of much ability and an ad- 
 I vocate who was to be feared by the men who 
 1 were able to employ great legal talent to de- 
 I fend them and their properties. Mr. Hanna. 
 his partner, and his attorneys acknowledged 
 McKinley's ability as a lawyer by afterward 
 I becoming his personal friends and >v'armest 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 political supporters. That trial gave Mc- 
 Kinley the reputation of a defeniJer of the 
 rights of lahor against corporate rights. He 
 maintained that reputation in Congress and 
 ia the e.Kecutive office of Ohio. 
 
 His Ohio Campaign. 
 
 Mr. McKinley opened his campaign for 
 governor of Ohio at Niles. In 1S91, and spoke 
 from a stand erected in front of the house 
 where he was horn. The people from all over 
 that part of Ohio gathered there to do him 
 honor. In the crowd that assembled about the 
 stand were many who had been boys in the 
 same town with him and who had been his 
 schoolmates and playfellows. McKinley had 
 prepared an elaborate speech for this opening 
 of the campaign. In it he sought to lay 
 down the argument on which the Republican 
 perty would seek to recover the state from 
 the Democrats, who then had the state ad- 
 ministration. That speech was as important 
 in the state campaign as was his letter of ac- 
 ceptance in one of his presidential campaigns. 
 He had committ.>d the speech to memory, so 
 as to deliver it without manuscript. When 
 he began his speech he was received with a 
 ■wild demonstration siiggestive of considera- 
 ble hero worship in the old town of his birth. 
 This was gratifying, as it would have been 
 to any man. If it inspired some vanity it 
 was quite natural. 
 
 Mr. McKinley was regarded as a fine public 
 speaker in his younger days, when he 
 stumped Stark County as the candidate for 
 prosecuting attorney in 1869 and again in 
 1871. He went out of the district and spoke 
 In other counties of Ohio in 1872. when Grant 
 and Greeley were the candidates. He was 
 one of the speakers in the big campaign 
 between Hayes and Allen for governor in 
 1875. and in 1879 he was nominated for Con- 
 gress by the Republicans of the district. 
 It was a Republican district and he was 
 elected. He was renominated in 1878. be- 
 cause the Republicans of Ohio followed the 
 custom of giving a Congressman two terms. 
 The Democrats carried Ohio in 1877 and 
 the Democratic Legislature In 1878 gerry- 
 mandered McKinley's district to give it a 
 Democratic majority. The Republican nomi- 
 nation was not worth fighting tor and Mc- 
 Kinley was nominated for a third time in 
 ISSO. He made a hard fight and was elect- 
 ed. That established him as one of the most 
 popular Congressman in Ohio, and he never 
 afterward had any opposition for the nomi- 
 nation, so that he remained in the House 
 until 1890, when another Democratic gerry- 
 mander accomplished his defeat. 
 
 McKinley in Congress. 
 
 McKinley's attention to the tariff was not 
 caused by the debates in Congress, .\ccording 
 to his old law partner, Allen Carnes, he was 
 Impatient of war Issues way back in 1872 
 and 1876, and then maintained that the one 
 great issue in this country must be protec- 
 tion to American industries. He would dis- 
 cuss this question with Mr. Carnes and other 
 Intimates in his law office and argue that It 
 was the issue to crowd out sectionalism, re- 
 unite the country, and make party divisions 
 on principle and not on old memories and 
 sectional lines. But he could not make the 
 tariff a live issue In 1872 or 1876. It was not 
 until General Garfield was elected President 
 arud McKinley was given his place on the 
 committee on ways and means that he had 
 the opportunity to discuss the tariff on the 
 floor of Congress. He had served two tierms 
 in Congress be'fore this and was well 
 acquainted with legislation in a general way. 
 but it was after he became » member of the 
 
 committee on ways and means that McKinley 
 began to be heard from In Congress. After 
 that he became one of the tariff debaters on 
 the floor of the House and was soon recog- 
 nized as a leader among the protectionists. 
 Judge Kelley of Pennsylvania, who had long 
 been the Republican leader on this subject, 
 said he knew of nc young man upon whose 
 shoulders he had rather see his mantle fall 
 than upon McKinley's. He measured swords 
 with Hewitt, Morrison and Mills, and in 1884 
 he had become so prominent as a protection- 
 ist that he was made chairman of the com- 
 mittee on platform at the national Repub- 
 lican convention. He was again chairman of 
 this committee in 18S8, and then so boldly de- 
 clared the doctrine of protection that It was 
 the leading issue in the campaign and the 
 victory of that year called for a new tariff 
 bill. McKinley became the chairman of the 
 committee on ways and means and the Mc- 
 Kinley bill became a law. 
 
 After that McKinley's name was the syn- 
 onym for the great policy of protection to 
 American industries. 
 
 McKinley's success as a politician was phe- 
 nomenal, and the secret of his success was 
 the straightforward manner in which he met 
 all political questions. 'Whenever he an- 
 nounced himself as a candidate, he fought 
 for himself, but when he was a supporter of 
 some other candidate he made that man's 
 cause his own. When he was first elected to 
 Congress he worked with such zeal for the 
 interests of the people he represented that 
 there was no way of opposing him with 
 them. When he came into the wider field of 
 state and national politics he was frank and 
 fearless in his friendship for the candidates 
 he supported. He presided over the Repub- 
 lican state convention of Ohio in 1884, and 
 assured the other leaders who wished to be 
 delegates-at-large to the national convention 
 that he would not be a candidate for either 
 of these places. 
 
 His Loyalty to Sherman. 
 
 Mr. McKinley's loyalty to his friends and 
 his unselfishness was shown in the Republic- 
 an national convention of 1888. McKinley 
 was pledged to Sherman, as he 
 years before pledged to Blaine 
 
 was four 
 But some of 
 his own Ohio men saw that Sherman could 
 not win, and they thought McKinley could. 
 They were overheard discussing his chances, 
 when McKinley walked into the room and 
 told them it would never do. The Garfield 
 incident could not be repeated. He would 
 rather lose his right arm than have Ohio 
 prove disloyal to John Sherman and use his 
 name to do it. And he commanded them to 
 not use his name, as he had a right to pro- 
 tect his own honor, and he considered that 
 such use of his name would be a dishonor 
 to it. He prevented the Ohio men from 
 breaking from Sherman or using his name, 
 but he could not prevent others from several 
 other states from voting for him, though he 
 rose in his place in the convention and said 
 that no man who wished to honor him should 
 vote for him. He requested that these bal- 
 lots be withdrawn, because he could not sit 
 silent in the convention and allow his name 
 to be used in that way. It was then he made 
 this speech: 
 
 "I am here as one of the chosen repre- 
 sentatives of my state. I am here by reso- 
 lution of the Republican state convention, 
 passed without a single dissenting vote, com- 
 manding me to cast my vote for John Sher- 
 man for President and to use every worthy 
 endeavor for his nomination. I accepted the 
 trust because my heart and my Judgment 
 
 were in accord with the letter and spirit 
 and purpose of that resolution. It has 
 pleased certain delegates to cast their vote 
 for me for President. I am not insensible 
 to the honor they would do me, but in the 
 presence of the duty resting upon me, I 
 cannot remain silent with honor. 
 
 "I cannot consistently with the wish of 
 the state whose credentials I bear and which 
 has trusted me; 1 cannot with honorable fidel- 
 ity to John Sherman; I cannot consistently 
 with my own views of personal integrity, 
 consent, or seem to consent, to permit my 
 uame to be used as a candidate before this 
 convention. I would not respect myself if 
 I should find it in my heart to do so, or 
 permit to be done that which would ever be 
 ground for any one to suspect that I wavered 
 in my loyalty to Ohio or my devotion to the 
 chief of her choice and the chief of mine. 
 I do not request, I demand that no dele- 
 gate who would not cast reflection upon me 
 shall cast a ballot for me." 
 
 That ended it. There was no stampede. 
 McKinley was the hero of the hour, and his 
 heroism prevailed. The nomination was not 
 forced upon him, neither could he secure it 
 for Mr. Sherman. 
 
 Again, in 1892, McKinley's name was usad, 
 and again as chairman of the convention he 
 protested against its use. But when he was 
 a candidate for the nomination of 1896 he did 
 not hesitate to let the people know it long 
 before and his nomination was assured before 
 the convention was held. 
 
 President McKinley's first administration 
 was singularly successful in allaying dis- 
 trust in all parts of the country where this 
 existed, and is restoring the conf.denoe of 
 the South in the fairness of the national ex- 
 ecutive. 
 
 It was not long before the perplexities in- 
 cident to the disturbed condition of things 
 in Cuba began to make themselves felt, and 
 there was a loud call for war from many 
 sources. The President stood strongly 
 against hostilities with Spain so long as 
 peace could be preserved. When war came 
 he favored the most aggressive prosecution 
 of the struggle, and persotially laid out the 
 plans of both land and naval campaigns, 
 though always with the greatest deference to 
 the opinion of commanders in the field. The 
 war ended and new troubles presented them- 
 selves in the Philippines. These were met 
 firmly and plans were laid to eud the Aguin- 
 aldo insurrection. 
 
 Then came the renomination of President 
 McKinley and his re-election. Then came 
 the serious illness of Mrs. McKinley. which 
 absorbed much of the President's time, and 
 more or less broke in upon his formerly ro- 
 bust health. 
 
 His course in the Philippine war and in 
 the Chinese troubles is of more recent his- 
 tory and with which the general public is 
 familiar. His second term as President be- 
 gan on March 4 last. He had served only 
 about seven months of it when struck down 
 by the bullet of the assassin. 
 
 His Fight for President. 
 
 Two or three years before the St. Louis 
 convention assembled Governor McKinley's 
 choice as the next Republican presidential 
 nominee began to be clearly foreshadowed. 
 His two successful campaigns in Ohio, his 
 wide popularity and exceptional talents as 
 an orator and a political leader marked him 
 as. the most available candidate with -rfhom 
 to make the approaching contest for the 
 presidency. In the great states of Jew York. 
 Pennsylvania and Illinois an organiied eX- 
 
THE MC KI\I-EY JIEMORIAL. 
 
 fort was made by the party managers to 
 stem the tide of sentiment toward McKin- 
 ley. but by the spring of 1896 it was evident 
 that Republican opinion, as a whole, ar- 
 dently favored his selection as the head of 
 the national ticket. At St. Louis he had 
 more than a majority of the votes cast on 
 the firft ballot and was thereupon declared 
 the unanimous choice of the convention. The 
 nominatkju of Colonel William J. Bryan by 
 the Democratic National Convention three 
 weelis later gave the national campaign a 
 novel and tryin? character. To meet the 
 fierce and demagogical assaults of the new 
 silver coalition, great courage, patience and 
 energy were demanded, and the national can- 
 vass was soon converted into a duel of argu- 
 ment and oratory between the opposing can- 
 didates. In this contest Major McKinley 
 displayed afresh all the great qualities as 
 a debater and a leader which he had devel- 
 oped in a long, admirable public career. 
 Meeting the Demccratic attack on property 
 and national credit, it was boldly checked, 
 and after one of the most notable and stir- 
 ring presidential campaigns on record. Re- 
 publican efforts were rewarded with decisive 
 success. Two hundred and seventy-one Re- 
 publican electors were chosen, against 176 
 Democratic or fusion electors, and both 
 houses of Congress were found to be Re- 
 publican. 
 
 President McKinlcy began his first term of 
 office on -March 4, ISSO. He found many com- 
 plicated and urgent tasks ahead of him. His 
 first care was to redeem the promise of the 
 Republican party to repair the breaches in' 
 the protective tariff system and to insure the 
 Treasury an ample revenue. Congress was 
 called together in extraordinary session and 
 after three months of effort the Dingley tariff 
 law was passed. This ended the period of 
 Treasury deficits and enabled the government 
 to restore its credit and build up its gold re- 
 serve. The other complementary task — that 
 of enacting the gold standard into law — was 
 reserved for the closing years of the ad- 
 ministration, being accomplished finally at 
 the first session of the following Congress. 
 
 The history of President McKinley's first 
 administration is, however, largely the his- 
 tory of the Spanish War and of the political 
 issLii s and ctassciuences of that conflict. 
 Forced slowly into an attitude in which 
 intervention in Cuba became a national duty. 
 President McKinley reluctantly yielded to 
 the necessity of appealing to force to accom- 
 plish American ends. Once engaged in war. 
 however, no energy was spared in prosecut- 
 ing it to a signal victory or weakness shown 
 In facing the responsibilities thrust on the 
 United States by its military triumph. The 
 conclusion of the Treaty of Paris marked 
 a new epoch in American history, and Presi- 
 dent McKinley's administration will take its 
 final color in history from that far reaching 
 event. 
 
 In June, 1900, President McKinley was re- 
 nominated by acclamation by the Republican 
 National Convention, held at Philadelphia, 
 and, after another spirited but far less stren- 
 uous canvass against the same political rival, 
 he was again triumphantly elected President, 
 receiving 292 electoral votes against 155 for 
 the Democratic nominee. Shortly after his 
 second inauguration— March 4, 1901— the 
 President Issued a public statement refusing 
 absolutely to be considered a possible can- 
 didate for a third term. 
 
 McKinley at Home. 
 
 If President McKinley's public activities 
 »nd achievements have been typical of the 
 fcest Americanism, his home has been equal- 
 
 ly a typical American home. His visit to 
 
 his sister, at Canton, just after the war de- 
 cided the vocation he should pursue. For 
 another reason it was a memorable and mo- 
 mentous visit. During it he met one of his 
 sister's friends, a pretty schoolgirl, named 
 Ida Saxton, the daughter of James Saxton, 
 a well to do banker of Canton. A mere ac- 
 quaintanceship was formed, and when he 
 went to Albany to study law and she to a 
 seminary at Media, Pa., to complete her edu- 
 cation, they temporarily lost sight of each 
 other. But a few years later, when he re- 
 turned to Canton to open his little law of- 
 fice, and she came home from school, they 
 met again. Acquaintance ripened into friend- 
 ship, and friendship into love. It was 
 ambitious for a struggling lawyer to seek 
 the hand of one of the prettiest and richest 
 girls in the town, who was already besieged 
 by an army of suitors. But McKinley was 
 not daunted by rivalry, and presently won 
 his suit— the best, as he has often said, he 
 ever won in all his life. 
 
 They w-ere married on January 25, 1S71, 
 and their domestic life was singularly happy, 
 despite the afflictions that came upon them. 
 Two daughters w'ere born to them, w'ho both 
 died in infancy. Since that time Mrs. Mc- 
 Kinley has been an invalid, and her hus- 
 band's devotion to her was as deeply affec- 
 tionate as it was untiring. 
 
 Story of His First Term. 
 
 The story of Mr. McKinley's first term has 
 been well told as follows: 
 
 The first administration of William Mc- 
 Kinley was one .of the most important in the 
 life of the repuljlic. Taking office in a time 
 of general industrial depression, with the 
 vexed questions of finance and tariff still un- 
 der discussion and pressing for settlement, 
 his assumption of his new duties was cause 
 for anxiety on the part of those who had op- 
 posed the doctrines of the Republican party, 
 and for the most sincere congratulations and 
 enthusiastic hopefulness from his political 
 afsociates and from those who, casting aside 
 party ties, had supported the candidate 
 standing for sound money and a protective 
 tariff. Men often become great by embracing 
 an opportunity presented for accomplishing 
 beneficent results for a people. Opportunity 
 and responsibility will draw out the best 
 that is in a mun if his character and prep- 
 aration are of the right kind. Our great 
 men have come from the people, and have 
 been equal to great emergencies. American 
 history is full of such examples. The high- 
 est places in the republic have been sought 
 and won by those whose beginnings were the 
 lowliest, and In times of nation.al emergency 
 the people have, with unerring judgment, 
 made wise selections for their public ser- 
 vants. Following the Civil War came the 
 days of rccomtruction. Troublesome ques- 
 tions which are yet with us were then the 
 cause of bitterness and discontent, but for 
 se-veral administrations the problems con- 
 fronting the government of the United States 
 were largely those of domestic affairs and did 
 not call for wide acquaintance with Inter- 
 national conditions, nor did they enlarge the 
 field of statesmanship, as In the time of 
 President Cleveland and his successor. In- 
 ternational questions, like the adjustment 
 of Sainoan aflairs, and now and then In- 
 sistence upon redress for an American citi- 
 zen maltreated or injured in his property 
 rights, called for little more than the ordi- 
 nary routine of international intercourse. 
 During the latter part of .Mr. Cleveland's 
 second adminislrallon. however, the threat- 
 ening conditions In the Island of Cuba gave 
 intimation that the country would have to 
 
 meet, at no distant date, questions designed 
 to bring it into the arena of world politics, 
 and requiring the attention of its ablest 
 statesmen. The United States has been, 
 since its foundation, a liberty loving nation. 
 It was knit together more firmly as such by 
 the great fraternal struggle of the COs, and 
 when the terrible four years' experience had 
 passed the spirit of liberty emerged brighter 
 and steadier, to become more and more the 
 spirit of the nation. 
 
 The Cuban Question. 
 
 It was not our seeking that through ab- 
 horrence of conditions in Cuba we entered 
 upon the conflict v.ith Spain. During the lat- 
 ter part of Mr. Cleveland's administration 
 he properly exerted every honorable resource 
 to prevent war. His able Secretary of State 
 seconded him in this patriotic American pol- 
 icy. But events, crowding one another rapid- 
 ly, bade fair time aDd time again to sweep 
 aside the conservatism with which the ques- 
 tion was handled. This condition of great 
 unrest and danger confronted William Mc- 
 Kinley when he assumed the presidency on 
 March 4, 1S97. From the day he entered the 
 White House he saw that it would take all 
 the resources of the government to prevent 
 war with Spain, and while he employed 
 every resort of diplomacy and was frequently 
 encouraged to hope that a peaceful solutioa 
 of the problem would be fpund, the increas- 
 ing difflcultics experienced by Spain In Cuba 
 brought the crisis constantly nearer. Public 
 clamor breaks out unthinkingly at such times. 
 It is not that the people are at heart ur:- 
 reasonable, for they are not. But they are 
 generous in their sympathies, they are 
 touched to the quick by needless suffering, 
 by cruel oppression, by pillage, outrage and 
 murder, and with the contrast between their 
 own happy conditions an '. the unfortunate 
 plight of their near neighbors constantly be- 
 fore them, it was not strange that the cry 
 grew louder that a stop must be put to th» 
 warfare in Cuba and that the simple justice 
 which the people of that island sought from 
 their mother country must be speedily ac- 
 corded to them or that to them must be given 
 In some form the freedom for which In the 
 past they had so frequently fought and died. 
 A weak raan in such a crisis would have been 
 bewildered. Domestic matters of grave raj- 
 ment pressed upon every hand. There were 
 unsettled the questions of tariff and finance, 
 and scqres of other subjects of internal pol- 
 icy required immediate attention, not only In 
 justice to those whose suffrages had placed 
 the administration In power, but for its own 
 good name, that at the end of its term c-f 
 office it might give a worthy account of its 
 stewardship. A weak man would have ac- 
 cepted peace at any price, or prompt war at 
 the behest of a clamoring public. It Is well 
 not to forget the temper of the public mlud 
 at this time. The press teemed with bitter 
 denunciation of the Spanish tyranny in Cuba; 
 the demand for Instant recognition of Inde- 
 pendence or for intervention was emphatic; 
 the halls of Congress rang with appeals to 
 prejudice and partisan feeling, and then, when 
 all this was at its height, came the terrlblo 
 calamity In the harbor of Havana. A weak 
 man would have taken the easy alternative 
 and yielded with much show of reason to the 
 almost universal cry for vengeance. No 
 greater test has come to any public man in 
 the history of this country than to the Presi- 
 dent during those days. Through it nil the 
 man in tho White Honse kept his head. 
 A Typical American. 
 
 William .McKinley was a typical .\merlcan 
 citizen. He stood for what Is best in .■\mcr- 
 icaii life and character. He was without o»- 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 tentatlon, simple in his tastes, deliberate in peals to all classes as a substantial advance 
 
 his speech, conservative in judgment, spot 
 lessly pure in his private life, devoted to his 
 home and his friends. There was no stain 
 upon his integrity during all the years that 
 he was under the searching light of public 
 scrutiny. His devotion to his wife is one 
 of the most beautiful and touching things 
 In the lives of our public men. There was 
 nothing erratic about him. He did not pose. 
 He believed in harmony. He was a fighter, 
 but not a vindictive one. He fought with 
 sense. If Tie had an object to accomplish, 
 he would accomplish it even though he may 
 have had to sacrittce the small distinction of 
 winning a personal victory. He kept faith. 
 He fulfilled his promises. He believed in 
 party obligation. He wanted a united party. 
 He believed that such a party could best 
 serve the great interests committed to its 
 charge. He knew that we can ofttimes but 
 approximate to our ideals and that it then be- 
 comes, our duty to secure the best results 
 obtainable. The Republican party under the 
 leadership of William McKinley was more 
 harmonious, more forceful, more dominant 
 than at any time In its history. In his state 
 and nation he had a united party. Could 
 this have been the work of a weak man, as 
 some of his opponents would have us believe? 
 Is this the record of uncertainty? There 
 were times during the Spanish-American war 
 when William McKinley was a force of 
 fitrength and power that brushed aside jeal- 
 msies and littleness, that hurried forward 
 :reat movements, that block the way of 
 ;hemers and swept all before him. He dom- 
 "tiated his administration, but, whether by 
 prce or gentle persuasiveness, he was the 
 Jtrong man at the helm. 
 
 Was a Plain Liver. 
 He was a plain liver. He smoked moder- 
 ately, but did not use into.xicating liquors. 
 He was clean of speech as he, was of charac- 
 ter. He was a model husband, a devoted 
 son and brother, and in all the walks of life 
 BO carried himself as to leave the impress of 
 a noble character. He was strong mentally 
 and physically. He had no physical weak- 
 ness. He walked with a decided and and en- 
 ergetic step. While his face had a certain 
 pallor under e.vcitement, it had habitually 
 the fine glow of a man in rugged health. 
 The President was frequently seen upon the 
 streets of Washington. He was not hedged 
 about by the usual pride and circumstance 
 of rulers. He was the most reasonable of 
 men, the most accommodating. No citizen 
 was too lowly, no cause too poor to enlist his 
 sympathy, but with all this he was a busi- 
 ness man. He knew the value of time. His 
 Cabinet oflScers were appointed for a pur- 
 pose — to administer the affairs of their 
 great departments. He required of them a 
 strict account of stewardship. He did not 
 Interfere with them in the discharge of their 
 onerous duties. He called them into con- 
 sultation. He required a showing of their 
 books. 
 
 A Beloved Citizen. 
 
 No man in the presidential office was ever 
 more scrupulous in his conduct of the peo- 
 ple's business; no man in that exalted office 
 ever had a nicer sense of its proprieties. 
 No man was ever nearer the hearts of the 
 common people than William McKinley. 
 American diplomacy in China has had in It 
 no element of either militarism or imperial- 
 ism, but it stands to-day as an example to 
 the world of whac plain speech and direct 
 methods can accomplish In the Intercourse 
 of nations. It is but a link in the chain of 
 Ut« administrator's achievements. It ap- 
 
 of the republic in the pathway of progress 
 and civilization. From the hour of the dec- 
 laration of war with Spain America has taken 
 her proper place among the nations. To-day 
 she stands at the front, with no entangling 
 alliances. With the destiny of the enfran- 
 chised In her keeping she undertakes the 
 heavy burdens and responsibilities which 
 come with growth and advancement. Ever 
 alive to her material Interests, she has yet 
 kept steadily before her, clear as the pole- 
 star, the guiding principle of duty, and no 
 amount of partisan rancor, no sort of cheap 
 political argument, no din of sophistry and 
 assurance, no weakling reserve will stand in 
 the way of her enlightened progress and 
 commercial supremacy. And because ho 
 had at heart the republic's best interests and 
 with an eye single to her future greatness 
 bent the energy of his administration to 
 their achievement, while preserving the old 
 ties and the old sentiments, abating nothing 
 of devotion and adherence to the constitu- 
 tion, the Declaration of Independence and 
 all the other great bulwarks of our national 
 safety — because of this record William Mc- 
 Kinley "s name will go into the history of his 
 country as one of the greatest and best be- 
 loved citizens. 
 
 The Outlook for September says of Mr. 
 McKinley: "The first effect of any death as 
 unexpected as that of President McKinley 
 Is to benumb the faculties; its second effect 
 Is to abate the passions and rebuke the 
 nrejudices which have made impossible so- 
 ber judgment concerning the living. The 
 fires of political campaigns are extinguished, 
 their smoke is cleared away, and he who had 
 been seen distorted in the lurid light of par- 
 ty passions appears somewhat as he will 
 appear to posterity, when historr records 
 the unprejudiced judgment of mankind con- 
 cerning him. 
 
 "When Mr. McKinley was Inducted into 
 office, the cruel despotism of Spain in Cuba, 
 which a century of diplomacy had proved 
 powerless to abate or even to ameliorate, 
 was growing intolerable to the .American 
 people. The revelations of Weyler's policy 
 of extermination and the destruction of the 
 Maine combined to arouse a storm of moral 
 indignation w-hich was irresistible. A. Presi- 
 dent can veto an act of Congress, but he can- 
 not veto the concurrent demand of the peo- 
 ple. How unanimous was the public senti- 
 ment is indicated by the congressional ap- 
 propriation, without opposition, of $50,000,- 
 000 to prepare for war before the final dec- 
 laration. 
 
 "In the war which ensued President McKin- 
 ley was not only in name but in realty the 
 commander-in-chief of the naval and mili- 
 tary forces of the United States. It was 
 under his direction that Admiral Dewey was 
 assigned to the command of the Pacific 
 Squadron and Admiral Sampson to the com- 
 mand of the Atlantic Squadron. It was un- 
 der his orders that Dewey pursued the Span- 
 ish fleet into Manila Bay and destroyed it 
 there, and that Sampson blockaded Cer- 
 vera's fleet in Santiago and destroyed it 
 when it attempted flight. We now look back 
 with amusement on the panic which affect- 
 ed all our coast towns from Portland to 
 Key West; but the panic was serious then; 
 and now to belittle our opponent as a 
 decrepit and Imbecile power is but to dis- 
 credit our national intelligence if not our 
 national courage. It was the President, 
 moreover, who, while the war was being 
 carried on, conducted diplomatic negotia- 
 tions so effectively as to secure the moral 
 
 support of EIngland without a formal alli- 
 ance, and to prevent interference by 
 France or Germany, from both of whom 
 at one time interference was seriously 
 apprehended. The war over, It was the 
 President who directed the general course 
 of negotiations which ended in a treaty 
 with Spain, alike chivalrous toward her and 
 honorable to ourselves. That America 
 sent the Spanish soldiers home from Cuba 
 at .4merican expense, that she demanded no 
 indemnity, that she paid Spain in cash tor 
 the money expended In permanent improve- 
 ments in the Philippines, that she guaran- 
 teed to Spain the same trade privileges 
 which she claimed for herself in the con- 
 quered archipelago, were due to the fact 
 that President McKinley rightly inter- 
 preted the temper of the people, who had 
 undertaken this war not for the subjuga- 
 tion, but for the emancipation, of the 
 Spanish dependencies. In the subsequent 
 war in the Philippines it was under the 
 President's orders that the attempt of 
 .Aguinaldo to assume the sovereignty in 
 an island which our .\rmy and Navy had 
 set free was resisted, and the archipelago 
 was saved from an anarchy which threat- 
 ened greater disasters than even Spanish 
 despotism had inflicted upon it; it was 
 on the President's recommendation that 
 civil government was organized before 
 the insurrection was fully over, and the 
 Filipinos were thus assured of all the 
 civil and religious rights enjoyed by .Amer- 
 icans in .American territories. Those who 
 hold that the Spanish and Filipino wars 
 were fought for territorial aggrandizement, 
 inspired by ambition for political power 
 and commercial enrichment, do right to 
 hold Mr. McKinley responsible, for Mr. 
 McKinley. more than any other citizen, 
 embodied the .American spirit, shaped 
 the American policy and led the Ameri- 
 can people. Those who believe with the 
 Outlook that the Spanish war was a nobly 
 unselfish one, fought at self-sacrifice by 
 one people for the emancipation of another, 
 and that the Filipino war was a necessary 
 and, therefore, just one, in order to insure 
 a people newly emancipated by our arms 
 from the despotism against falling under 
 the bane of a despotism still more intoler- 
 able, ought to give President McKinley 
 ungrudging praise tor his ready recogni- 
 tion of the -American mood and motive, 
 and his able execution of the American 
 purpose. It is true that much of the 
 wisdom and strength of the President's 
 administration were due to the men who 
 were associated with him; but It is also 
 true that only a wise and strong man is 
 able to Secure, in such a time, the co-opera- 
 tion with him of wise and strong men, 
 or is willing to give them a free hand and 
 a cordial support in their several depart- 
 ments. It is not one of the least indica- 
 tions of President McKinley's political 
 ability that he has been able to secure 
 a Cabinet certainly not surpassed and 
 scarcely equaled by that of any President 
 in many years past. 
 
 "The two criticisms most commonly 
 made upon President McKinley, by the 
 same critics, and sometimes In the same 
 issue of the same paper, curiously contra- 
 dict each other. These critics charged 
 him with possessing a despotic temper, 
 with seeking to build up an empire on 
 the ruins of the republic, with endeavor- 
 ing to create an excuse by wars abroad 
 for an increase of an .Army at home, whig* 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 9 
 
 eould then be used to put down the work- 
 Ingmen that the capitalists might exploit 
 both the old and the new territories of 
 the nation without resistance. At the 
 same time the same critics accused him of 
 being without strength of will or tenacity 
 of purpose, of having no mind of his own. 
 of always having 'his ear to the ground," 
 of watching public sentiment and of going 
 with it whithersoever its fitful and chang- 
 ing winds might carry him. Both cannot 
 be true; neither is true. 
 
 "There are two theories of government, 
 neither of which is carried out by any 
 sound political thinker to its radical 
 extreme, but toward one or the other of 
 which all political thinkers tend. The 
 first or paternal theory is that the best 
 men in the nation should govern the rest 
 as a father governs his children; these 
 best men may be selected by a process of 
 natural breeding, in which case we have 
 an aristocratic government; they may be 
 elected by the people, in which case we 
 have a democratic government; but in 
 either case the ruler, when chosen, whether 
 
 by the one process or the other, rules. The 
 other theory, that of self government, is 
 that each man Is to govern himself in mat- 
 ters that concern only himself, each locality 
 to govern itself in all matters which con- 
 cern the locality and the nation to govern 
 only in those matters which are of national 
 concern; but that, inasmuch as a nation of 
 seventy million people cannot in mass meet- 
 ing vote on detached questions of policy, as 
 one or two hundred can in a town or district 
 school meeting, they should delegate certain 
 of their number, not to govern them, but to 
 embody their spirit and to execute their pur- 
 pose. This is the American principle, al- 
 though it is, on the one hand, not under- 
 stood by some Americans, and, on the other, 
 is pushed to impossible conclusions by other 
 .Americans, who would abolish all qualifica- 
 tions for suffrage and admit to the mass 
 meeting the ignorant, the incompetent and 
 the vicious on equal terms with the intelli- 
 gent, the capable and the virtuous. 
 
 "Mr. McKinley appears to us to have ap- 
 preciated the American principle more fully 
 and carried it out more rationally and con- 
 
 sistently than any President since Abraham 
 Lincoln, whom in this respect he resembled. 
 It is not true that he has been weak of will 
 or infirm of purpose, or has followed with 
 vacillating policy the shitting comments of 
 public opinion. He resisted successfully the 
 increasing public demand for war against 
 Spain, until it had been demonstrated to the 
 satisfaction of the overwhelming majority 
 of .\mericans that the emancipation of Cuba 
 could not be achieved by diplomacy. He re- 
 sisted the popular demand for the recogni- 
 tion of the Cuban Republic, a recognition 
 which we all now see would have involved 
 Cuba in hopeless bankruptcy and ourselves 
 in serious international complications. In 
 more than one instance he resisted publio 
 clamor tor the removal of ofiicials whom 
 the people thought not equal to the respon- 
 sibilities of their office, in some instances, 
 in our judgment, resisted too long for the 
 best interests of the country; for loyalty to 
 his subordinates with him, as with Grant 
 and Washington, was an element of nobility 
 in his character which at times became am 
 element of weakness in his administration." 
 
 Mf. McKinley^s Ckutch. Relations. 
 
 THE REV. F. M. BEISTOL, HIS WASHINGTON PASTOR, TELLS THE STORY. 
 
 The Rev. F. M. Bristol, pastor of the Met- 
 ropolitan Methodist Church in Washington, 
 the place where the late President McKinley 
 worshiped, wrote an ai'ticle covering the re- 
 ligious character and conduct of his distin- 
 guished parishioner, which was published in 
 the Boston Congregalionalist, September 22, 
 1898. It is reproduced here as part of the 
 record of thti beloved President's life: 
 
 Mr. McKinley was not only a highly moral 
 man; he was devout, religious. Christian, a 
 firm believer in God and Christ and the 
 Bible, as the best and greatest in our his- 
 tory have been. He was a thorough Meth- 
 odist by training and choice; not a narrow 
 Sectarian, but, while true to his own church 
 and her scheme of faith, he was most liberal 
 toward all the religious schools appreciat- 
 ing the loyalty of all the great churches and 
 their providential place and mission in the 
 nation's moral training and In the evangeli- 
 zation of the world. 
 
 The President was a faithful attendant 
 upon the public worship of the Sabbath. 
 Rarely, and then only under peculiar stress 
 of circumstances, was he absent from his 
 pew when the minister entered the pulpit. 
 Every Sunday morning, rain or shine, a beau- 
 tiful bouquet of flowers, gathered from the 
 ■White House gardens or conservatory, was 
 sent to the Metropolitan Church for the pul- 
 pit by order of the "first lady of the land." 
 After the services these flowers were usually 
 distributed in small bouquets among the sick 
 of the vicinity. 
 
 The President was an earnest and devout 
 participant in the thanksgiving services held 
 In the Metropolitan Methodist Church at 
 ■Washington (after the battle of Santiago), 
 when, with a vast multitude, he was often 
 
 moved to tears by the powerful emotions 
 which the impressive occasion inspired. He 
 was an earnest, sincere worshiper: in manner 
 simple, unassuming and manly. He took an 
 active part in all the services of the con- 
 gregation, joining in the .\postles* Creed, the 
 responsive reading of the Scripture, the 
 Lord's Prayer and the singing of the hymns. 
 He was rarely. If ever, absent from the 
 monthly service of the Lords Supper. It 
 was his desire to be unnoticed as a worshiper, 
 to have no more attention paid to him than 
 to any other member of the congregation. 
 It would, indeed, have been embarrassing, 
 if not offensive, to him to have had the 
 minister directly or indirectly make him the 
 object of his remarks, or in any way call 
 attention to him or emphasize the fact of his 
 presence. In this he was one of the people, 
 thoroughly democratic and brotherly. One 
 special courtesy, however, the congregation 
 always insisted upon extending the Presi- 
 dent, .\ftor the benediction had been pro- 
 nounced by the pastor, the congregation re- 
 mained standing until the President and 
 those who might be with him had passed 
 down the aisle and out of the avidience room. 
 Mr. McKinley greatly enjoyed gospel 
 preaching and had a warm place in his heart 
 for the minisier of Christ. No man was a 
 more attentive, appreciative and helpful lis- 
 tener than he. Never did he take his keen 
 but kindly eye from the preacher, but, fol- 
 lowing him closely from bcglitning to end, 
 he honored him with an attention worthy of 
 his sacred theme. He did not enjoy sensa- 
 tional preaching, and. alhough he appreciated 
 a patriotic discourse in its place and season. 
 he had too good taste and too profoimJ a 
 reverence for the :-acred functions Qf the pul- 
 pit to be edifled by political preaching. Some 
 people would have called him old fashioned 
 
 in his religious notions. I have heard him 
 say, with a look of earnestness, "I like to hear 
 the minister preach the plain, simple gospel 
 — Christ and Him crucified." 
 
 When his official responsibilities were less 
 numerous and weighty Mr. McKinley was an 
 active worker in the church. I recently met 
 ill the East a prominent business man of 
 Chicago, who remembered with pleasure the 
 time when he was a member of the Sunday 
 school in Canton. O., of which Mr, McKinley 
 was the superintendent. In other prominent 
 official capacities he served the church of his 
 choice. 
 
 His early interest in Sunday school work 
 was inspired by a love for the children, 
 which has always been one of the noblest 
 traits of his character. Perhaps no President 
 has ever manifested greater fondness and re- 
 spect for the .'American boys and glrla than 
 Mr. .McKinley. Seldom did he or his beauti- 
 ful wife appear at a door or window of the 
 White House on a public occasion that they 
 were not surrounded with a bevy of happy 
 children. I have been present during the 
 President's official hours, when he would re- 
 ceive Senators. Congressmen and others who 
 had business with him. Often the visitor 
 would be accompanied by a little boy, a son 
 or friend. The President would invariably 
 pay special attention to the lad, shaking his 
 hand heartily and speaking a kindly word 
 and manifesting an Interest In him such as 
 the boy could never forget. 
 
 One cannot have come In contact with tills 
 providential man without feeling that the 
 controlling force In his character and life 
 was righteousness. One noticed In him that 
 robust conscientiousness which ever asks, 
 "What is right?" and at any hazard of for- 
 tune, place or tame dares to maintain th* 
 right. 
 
Tlie Assassination and What Followed. 
 
 The shooting of William McKinley, Presi- 
 dent of the tTnited States, by Leon Czolgosz, 
 anarchist, on Friday, September 6, first elec- 
 trified the entire world and then stirred its 
 deepest sympathies. Far more indicative of 
 the fellowship of nations than all the peace 
 congresses ever held or projected, was the 
 sincere sorrow manifested In every civilized 
 quarter of the globe. President McKinley 
 was shot down while the center of a pa- 
 triotic American throng. Except inevitable 
 political differences, the result of party ties, 
 there was not a man, save one, in all the 
 great exposition crowd who did not person- 
 ally respect and admire the chief executive. 
 That one exception, Leon Czolgosz, in an 
 instant, on the afternoon of September 6, 
 changed from an ignorant disciple of anar- 
 chy to the most notorious and despised 
 criminal in the world. 
 
 The bullet, which a week later put an end 
 to the life of President McKinley. was fired 
 at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, while the 
 President was holding a public reception in- 
 side the Temple of Music at the Pan-Ameri- 
 can grounds. Two bullets from a revolver, 
 concealed in a handkerchief, entered his body. 
 One struck the breast bene, glanced oft and 
 was easily extracted by the physicians. The 
 other bullet entered the abdomen, penetrat- 
 ed the stomach and, as was afterward in- 
 dicated by the autopsy, tore a portion of the 
 upper part of the kidney. The President, al- 
 though well guarded by secret service de- 
 tectives, was fully exposed to such an at- 
 tack as occurred. He stood at the edge of a 
 raised dais and throngs of people crowded 
 into the Temple of Music to see their Chief 
 Executive, perchance to clasp his hand and 
 then to fight their way out into the good 
 natured crowd which every minute swelled 
 and multiplied without. 
 
 One of the throng which surrounded the 
 President shortly after 4 o'clock was a me- 
 dium sized man of ordinary appearance, who 
 was clothed almost wholly in black. He ap- 
 proached Mr. McKinley with outstretched 
 hand, and those near by noticed that the 
 hand which he extended v.-as swathed in a 
 bandage. When within about two feet of 
 the President, just as the latter was about to 
 give the friendly grasp, for which he was 
 noted, the man suddenly raised his concealed 
 hand and two sharp pistol shots rang out in 
 quick succession. The bullets struck the 
 President, as the assassin had Intended, and 
 the most cowardly crime ever committed in 
 America was accomplished. 
 
 As the shots took effect, the President 
 sank back into the arms of Detective Gerry, 
 saying: 
 
 "Am I shot?" 
 
 Gerry unbuttoned the President's vest and 
 seeing blood, replied: 
 
 "I fear that you are, Mr. President." 
 
 The noise of the revolver and the sight of 
 the President sinking to the ground told 
 
 the immense throng around the dais that 
 the Chief Executive had been shot. Detec- 
 tive Ireland was barely two feet away from 
 the assassin and quickly jumped upon him, 
 bearing him to the ground. As the detectiva 
 leaped forward, twenty other men sprang to 
 his assistance and Czolgosz was instantly 
 the center of a maddened throng. When he 
 was pulled to his feet his face was cut and 
 bleeding and his clothes showed the effect of 
 his rough handling. Cries of rage arose on 
 all sides. 
 
 "Lynch him! Lynch him!" were the shouts. 
 
 For fear the law would be forgotten in the 
 anger of the people, a guard of police im- 
 mediately surrounded the anarchist, and 
 through a throng of excited men, well nigh 
 beside themselves with indignation, he was 
 taken to the Buffalo Police Headquarters. 
 
 "I am an anarchist, and I did my duty," 
 was all he said at first as to why he had at- 
 tempted to take the President's lite. Later, 
 in a confession to the police, he said that 
 he had been induced, by attention to the writ- 
 ings of Emma Goldman, to decide that the 
 present form of government in this country 
 nas all wrong, and he thought the best way 
 to end it was by killing the President. He 
 showed no signs of insanity, and did not 
 seem in the least degree penitent for his ac- 
 tion. 
 
 Meanwhile, President McKinley, remarka- 
 bly calm — much more composed, in fact, than 
 those of his immediate party — was carried 
 to the Emergency Hospital, on the exposition 
 grounds, and two hours after the shooting 
 the physicians made their first attempt to 
 find the second bullet. They were unsuccess- 
 ful; the bullet was never found, even at the 
 autopsy; and President McKinley was re- 
 moved, early in the evening, to the residence 
 of John G. Milburn, president of the exposi- 
 tion, in an automobile ambulance. Mr. Mil- 
 burn's house is on Delaware avenue, and not 
 far from the exposition grounds. There, and 
 at that time on the evening of Friday. Sep- 
 tember 6, began the ordeal, the fight be- 
 tween life and death, which ended a week 
 later in the triumph of the latter. 
 
 The very best medical and surgical skill 
 in the country was immediately exercised in 
 the President's behalf. At first he rallied 
 and the doctors, while speaking conserva- 
 tively, expressed the hope that the wounds 
 would not prove fatal. It was announced ofB- 
 eially that at least two days must be allowed 
 to pass before any positive statements could 
 be made, and then, it the President's condi- 
 tion grew no worse and signs of the dreaded 
 peritonitis or blood poisoning were still ab- 1 
 sent, the physicians said they would feel 
 justified in saying to the waiting nation that 
 President McKinley had a good chance for 
 u'liraate recovery. With this assurance, and 
 the bulletined reports thatthe President was 
 resting easily after the operation, the people 
 
 hoped and prayed that the President's Ufa 
 would be spared 
 
 Toward nocn on the day after the shooting, 
 Mrs. McKinley was permitted to enter the 
 sick room. It was said of her that she dis- 
 played quite as much fortitude as the Presi- 
 dent. She walked steadily over to his bed- 
 side and took his hand — the same hand which 
 had tenderly cared for her when, in Cali- 
 fornia last spring, she herself lay at the 
 point of death. They said little, but their 
 eyes seemed to read what each would say. 
 
 "We must bear up bravely," the President 
 said; "it would be better for both of us." 
 
 There were tears in Mrs. McKinley's eyes 
 as she bowed her head in assent. Soon after- 
 ward Dr. Rixey led her from the room. 
 
 This was but an incident in a week full 
 of pathetic and dramatic events. The sur- 
 geons who operated on the President were 
 in constant attendance with a corps of the 
 most skilled nurses obtainable, and the suf- 
 ferer was the recipient of every care which 
 their skill and science could suggest or de- 
 vise. During Sunday the bulletins were not 
 encouraging in their wording, as the doc- 
 tors did not consider the danger possible 
 from blood poisoning to be past. No further 
 attempt at probing for the second bullet was 
 made, because tlie physiciajis agreed that it 
 was of more importance that the President 
 should recover from the shock of the first 
 operation. ^ 
 
 With the first notice of the shooting Vice 
 President Roosevelt and the members of the 
 President's Cabinet hastened to Buffalo, and 
 with the doctors and the members of the 
 President's family they awaited anxiously, 
 yet hopefully, the developments in the case. 
 
 On Monday favorable symptoms appeared. 
 The President was fully conscious and his 
 mind was clear. At atmosphere of good 
 cheer took the place of the sense of appre- 
 hension which had pervaded the mind of 
 every watcher at the Milburn house. Vice 
 President Roosevelt, Senator Hanna and 
 others took the cue from the physicians and 
 became optimistic in the extreme, and on 
 Tuesday the optimism generally became even 
 more pronounced in all quarters. 
 
 On Tuesday, September 10, Dr. McBurney 
 announced that the President was practically 
 out of danger: that his condition was so much 
 improved that his recovery was assured. 
 Messages of heartfelt congratulation began 
 to pour in from every quarter of the globe. 
 Kings, queens, emperors, presidents of other 
 republics, nobility and civilians everywhere 
 changed the tenor of their cablegrams to 
 Washington and thanked God for sparing the 
 life of William McKinley. In view of the 
 impression created by the doctors— an im- 
 pression eagerly received throughout the 
 world — it was but natural that a general be- 
 lief should be entertained that the President 
 WES certain to get well. 
 "The President's recovery is certain," said 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 11 
 
 Vice President Roosevelt; "all around him 
 are convinced of it. I shall leave Buffalo 
 this afternoon or this evening." 
 
 These were the words cf Colonel Roose- 
 velt on Tuesday. On Friday a travel-stained 
 messenger sought him among the forests of 
 the Adirondacks, miles away from any hu- 
 man habitation, and cried: "President Mc- 
 Kinley is dying. Come back to Buffalo at 
 once." 
 
 Over an untraversed path the Vice Presi- 
 dent left the wilderness and drove through 
 a driving rainstorm to the nearest railway 
 station. To him the portent of the news was 
 appalling in its horror, but in view of the 
 oft-repeated and printed statements that the 
 president would surely recover it was not 
 less so to the people everywhere throughout 
 the United States. 
 
 The reversal of feeling which spread over 
 the country was terrible in its effect when 
 the true significance of the dread news was 
 understood. The turning point, as the case 
 is. regarded now, was the news that the 
 wound in the President's abdomen had been 
 reopened In order that a shred of his coat, 
 •.vhich the force of the bullet had forced into 
 the fiesh, might be removed. It was causing 
 a slight irritation. The doctors belittled the 
 significance of the operation, saying that its 
 gravity was greatly magnified, but later, it 
 was said, that the first evidence of the gan- 
 grene, which eventually undermined the en- 
 tire stomach, was then found. Gradually, 
 the President grew weaker. He had taken 
 nourishment at the start and for several 
 days without apparent difficulty, but now 
 food of any sort disagreed wuli him, and the 
 day before he died the doctors began to ad- 
 minister stimulants to revive the flagging 
 action of the heart. 
 
 At 2:15 on the morning of Friday. Septem- 
 ber 14, the President breathed his last. Words 
 of consolation to his wife were the last that 
 passed his lips and they came after a gentle 
 "goodby" to the American peo;-le, whom he 
 loved so well and by whom he was affection- 
 ately regarded. The physicians had long 
 since ceased to ply him with drugs and re- 
 storatives and all a-.vaited the now inevit- 
 able end of a great and stainless life. The 
 end came peacefully. Realizing that there 
 was no hope, and summoning what conscious- 
 ness and strength remained to him, William 
 McKinley. President of the United States, 
 whispered faintly to those about him: 
 
 "God's will be done — not ours." 
 
 Long before daylight on Saturday thou- 
 sar:ds of people in the United States knew 
 that the President was dead. By early morn- 
 ing all were aware of it and the wiring of 
 the sad news to the uttermost parts of the 
 earth brought back nothing but messages of 
 sympathy and sorrow. On Saturday an au- 
 topsy was held, at which it was announced 
 that gangrene caused the President's death. 
 There was no sign of peritonitis. The gan- 
 grene affected the stomach around the bul- 
 let, as well an the tissues around its further 
 course. The heart was found to be sound, 
 
 although Its walls were very thin. That the 
 heart had been greatly disturbed in its ac- 
 tion was shown by the weak and rapid pulse 
 of President McKinley all through the days 
 prior to his death. It was out of all propor- 
 tion to his temperature, which was entirely 
 satisfactory. The following table, showing 
 varying conditions of temperature, respira- 
 tion and pulse, will illustrate the case in its 
 progress from shortly after the shooting 
 until the final hour: 
 
 Tom- Respi- 
 
 perature. Pulse, ration. 
 Normal for a man 5i years 
 
 of a;e 98. 6 7S IG 
 
 Danger limit 104 130 30 
 
 September 6: 
 
 7:00 P. M 130 
 
 10:10 P. M 100.4 121 
 
 September 7: 
 
 1:00 A. M 100.2 120 24 
 
 3:00 A. M 101. G HO 21 
 
 6:00 A. M 102 110 24 
 
 9:00 A. M 102 ' 146 24 
 
 12:00 M 102 136 28 
 
 1:00 P. M 112 i:!G 2» 
 
 3:30 P. M 102.2 110 24 
 
 6:30 P. M 102.3 130 29 
 
 September 8: 
 
 3:30 A. M 102.4 132 21 
 
 9:00 A. M 102.8 132 24 
 
 12:00 M 101 128 27 
 
 4:00 P. M 101 12S 2S 
 
 9:00 P. M 101. G 130 30 
 
 September 9: 
 
 9:00 A. M 100. S 122 2S 
 
 3:00 P. M 101 113 26 
 
 9:30 P. M 101 112 27 
 
 September 10: 
 
 7:0o A. M 100.4 US 2S 
 
 9:00 A. M 93.8 104 26 
 
 3:20 P. M 100 110 2S 
 
 10:30 P. M 100. G 114 28 
 
 September 11: 
 
 6:00 A. M 100.2 120 20 
 
 9:00 A. M 100.2 116 
 
 3:30 P. M 100.2 120 
 
 10:00 P. M 100.1 120 
 
 September 12: 
 
 9:00 A. M 100.2 120 
 
 3:00 P. M 100.2 126 
 
 Midnight 100.2 120 
 
 September 13: 
 
 9:00 A. M 99. S 128 
 
 2::i0 1'. M 90.4 123 
 
 The Autopsy. 
 
 The following report of the autopsy was 
 given out by the physicians: 
 
 "The bullet which struck over the breast 
 bone did not pass through the skin and did 
 little harm. 
 
 "The other bullet passed through both walls 
 of the stomach near its lower border. Both 
 holes were found to be perfectly closed by 
 the stitches, but the tissue around each hole 
 had become gangrenous. 
 
 "After passing through the stomach the 
 bullet passed into the back walls of the ab- 
 domen, hitting and tearing the upper end of 
 the kidney. This portion of the bullet track 
 was also gangrenous, the gangrene involving 
 the pancreas. 
 
 "The bullet has not yet been found. 
 
 "There was no sign of peritonitis or disease 
 
 of other organs. The heart walls were verjr 
 thin, 
 
 "There was no evidence of any attempt at 
 repair on the part of nature and death re- 
 sulted from the gangrene which affected the 
 stomach around the bullet, as well as the 
 tissues around the further course of the 
 bullet. 
 
 "Death was unavoidable by any surgical or 
 medical treatment and was the direct result 
 of the bullet wound. 
 (Signed) 
 
 "HARVEY D. GAYLORD. M. D. 
 
 "HERMAN" G. MATZIXGER, M. D. 
 
 "P. M. RIXEY, M. D. 
 
 "MATTHEW D. M.W.V, M. D. 
 
 "HERMAN MYXTER. M. D. 
 
 "RQSWELL PARK, M. D. 
 
 "EUGENE WASDIN, M. D. 
 
 "CHARLES G. STOCKTON ,M. D. 
 
 "EDW. G. JANEWAY, M. D. 
 
 "W. W. JOHNSON, M. D. 
 
 "W. P. KENDALL, 
 
 "Surgeon U. S. Army. 
 
 "CHARLES GARY, M. D. 
 
 "EDWARD L. MUNSON, 
 
 "Assistant Surgeon U. S. A. 
 
 "HERMANUS L. BAER, M. D." 
 
 Certificate of Death. 
 The coroners of Erie County issued the 
 following certifieate of death: 
 
 City of Buffalo, 
 Bureau of Vital Statistics, 
 County of Erie, State of New York. 
 Certificate and record of death of William 
 
 McKinley: 
 
 I hereby certify that he died on the 14th 
 day of September, 1901, about 2:15 o'clock 
 A. M., and that to the best of my knowledge 
 and belief the cause of death was as here- 
 under written: 
 
 Cause— Gangrene of both walls of the 
 stomach and pancreas, following gunshot 
 wound. 
 
 Witness my hand this 14th day of Septem- 
 ber, IBOl. (Signatures) 
 
 H. R. GAYLORD, M. D. 
 H. G. MATZINGER, M. D. 
 JA.MES F. WILSON, Coroner. 
 
 Date of death — September 14, 1901. 
 
 Age — 5S years 7 months 15 days. 
 
 Color— White. 
 
 Single, married, etc. — Married. 
 
 Occupation — President of the United 
 States. 
 
 Birthplace— Niles, O. 
 
 How long in United States, it foreign 
 horn 
 
 Father's name— William McKlnlcj-. 
 
 Father's birthplace— Pennsylvania, United 
 States. 
 
 Mother's name — Nancy McKinley. 
 
 Mother's birthplace— Ohio, United States. 
 
 Place of death— 1,168 Delaware avenue. 
 
 Last previous residence — Washington, D.C. 
 
 Direct cause of death — Gangrene of both 
 walls of stomach and pancreas, {ollov/ln( 
 gunshot wound. 
 
The Pulpits of Bf o 
 
 lrf%i 
 
 DELIVERANCES OF LOCAL PASTOHS ON THE ASSASSINATION AND EULOGIES ON THE LIFE 
 
 AND CHAEACTER OF WILLIAItl McKINLEY. 
 
 On Sundaj', September 15, the day after the death of President ilcKinley, the pastors of the Brookl}!! 
 churches delivered sermons and addreses on his assassination, and made eulogies upon his life and character. A 
 
 number of those tributes are here given. 
 
 ANAKCHY. 
 
 Sermon by the Kev. David Gregg, 
 D. D. 
 
 Dr. David Gregg, pastor of the Lafayette 
 Avenue Presbyterian Church, returned to Ills 
 pulpit Sunday, September 15, after his vaca- 
 tion. The sacrament of the Loi'd's Supper 
 was observed. In the evening there was a 
 njemorial service to the late President, with 
 appropriate music by organ and choir, under 
 the leadership of John Hyatt Brewer. Dr. 
 Gregg delivered an address on "The Assas- 
 sination of President McKinley," in which he 
 said: 
 
 "My fellow citizens— We are in the midst 
 of a great national crisis. We are suffering 
 from a great shock. We are appalled and 
 paralyzed by the commission of an unspeal£- 
 able crime. We are face to face with an 
 irreparable loss. It is a common sorrow that 
 has drawn us together to this service to- 
 night. 
 
 "And why have we come? We have come 
 to seels the help of Almighty God. We have 
 come to pray. We have come to reach after 
 thoughts calculated to balance us in the 
 hour of our staggered thinlsing. We have 
 come to learn the lessons and duties of the 
 hour. We have come to get courage and 
 strength to lay hold of our future and to 
 take up the principles and the ideals which 
 have been shot into the dust of death by the 
 assassin's ball. 
 
 "Are there balancing thoughts and present 
 duties which can steady and comfort us and 
 make us equal to the call of the hour? There 
 are, and It is to see and secure these 
 thoughts and duties that we have come to- 
 gether. This being the object of our meet- 
 ing, there are two things which it is not 
 necessary tor me to do. 
 
 "First — It is not necessary tor me to detail 
 the horrible assassination which has taken 
 from us our beloved President. You know 
 it in all its particulars: The great American 
 gathering in the Temple of Music at Buffalo; 
 the deserved ovation which a great nation 
 gave its great representative; the joy that 
 overflowed everywhere: then the unexpected 
 and dastardly act of a born coward; the mur- 
 derous shot that was heard round the world; 
 the consequent horror; the awful silence; 
 then the awakening of the people to the 
 dread reality: the instant cry of righteous 
 Indignation; the words of the vile anarchist: 
 'I am an anarchist; I have done my duty.' 
 The prayer of the man of God for his as- 
 sassin; 'May God forgive him'; then the uni- 
 versal and unanimous protest of the civil- 
 ized world against the unprovoked and un- 
 forgivable crime of the twentieth century. 
 
 Tou know the details. There is no need to 
 rehearse them. Everything pertaining to the 
 assassination is too recent. 
 
 "Second — It is not necessary for me to in- 
 dulge in a eulogy upon him whom the as- 
 sassin chose as his shining mark. William 
 McKinley is his own eulogy. He stands forth 
 as the peer of the other great .Americans 
 with whom assassination has linked his 
 name — Lincoln and Garfield. The man who 
 prays for his murderer, who, with forecast 
 and treachery and in the garb of friendship 
 fires the fata! shot, writes his own history 
 and sets into the light his own immortal 
 fame. In this case the sun makes its own 
 rainbow. How many in this audience could 
 pray as William McKinley prayed in the 
 great crisis of his life, when face to face with 
 death? How many could say of the as- 
 sassin: 'Let no one harm him!' That was 
 the true William McKinley, acting himself 
 out instinctively and naturally and without 
 forethought. I say that that man is his own 
 eulogy, and this is what the whole world 
 says. We are not ashamed of our martyred 
 President. He is a fine product and expo- 
 nent of our American life and principles. 
 
 "The duty of the hour is to enunciate and 
 dwell upon" the balancing thoughts and facts 
 and duties which are calculated to stay and 
 steady us in the present crisis, now when the 
 worst has come to the worst. A first bal- 
 ancing fact is this: 
 
 "The American republic is not one man, 
 but a nation of 75,000.000, the great majority 
 of whom are of the William McKinley type. 
 These millions made him President, because 
 he represented them. Now if this be so then 
 it is impossible to strike down the American 
 republic by firing the assassin's ball into 
 any one man. If the vile fraternity of as- 
 sassins mean the death of our republic, they 
 have a hns.p. contract on their hands. Be- 
 hind McKinley is Roosevelt and behind 
 Roosevelt and in the goodly succession with 
 him on the line of liberty and law is every 
 tiue and loyal .\merican citizen. The Amer- 
 ican republic must tall in some other way 
 than by assassination. 
 
 ".A second balancing fact is this: The 
 .'imerican republic is the creation of God and 
 God reigns supreme. It is because God has 
 been leading us that our history has up to 
 this point been one series of steps of prog- 
 ress. Look back over the line of the past. 
 First there were the Pilgrim Fathers — the 
 sifted wheat of the nations— the leaders of 
 the Revolution who gave us the Declaration 
 of Independence. Then there was tha states- 
 men of the formative period, who gave us 
 our Constitution. Then there were the men 
 of the heroic period who carried us through 
 our Civil War and established the unity of 
 our nation. Is the God of the nation going 
 to throw away all this progress? God has 
 never acted like that. Never. As he looks 
 
 at things the destiny and the leadership of 
 our republic as a nation among nations is 
 still in the future. He brought us through 
 the assassination of Lincoln and into greater 
 things than Lincoln ever saw. and He brought 
 us through the assassination of Garfield and 
 into greater things than Garfield ever saw, 
 and He will bring us through this assassina- 
 tion and into greater things than McKinley 
 ever saw. God is our refuge in this dark 
 present, for God still reigns. 
 
 "There is a third sustaining fact which we 
 should not lose sight of while in the midst 
 of our grief. It is this: Our martyred Pres- 
 ident died as grandly and as heroically as 
 he lived. \'o man could die better or more 
 influentially. By his lite he taught us how 
 to live; by his death he has taught us how 
 to die. Such a death as his means an eter- 
 nal coronation. To say that he died as 
 grandly as ho lived is saying for him more 
 than is at first thought apparent; for he 
 lived grandly. Do not forget his service in 
 the Grand Army of the Republic. Do not 
 forget his life in the gubernatorial chair. 
 Do not forget his leadership in Congress. 
 Do not forget his great state papers and the 
 national measures which he inaugurated and 
 guided into legislative enactments. Do not 
 forget his presidential administration, with 
 the liberation of oppressed Cuba and its ex- 
 pansion of American territory and trade. 
 Here we see William McKinley leading the 
 -Vmerican republic into a new and greater 
 life and a new and greater destiny. 
 
 "I say that was grand living. His dying 
 was just as grand. It was a triumpli of 
 Christian faith. It was a testimony to the 
 saving grace of God. The greatest thing a 
 man can do is to forgive. His dying act was 
 the act of forgiveness. It was the Master 
 over again. His last public address may be 
 called his dying address. There was none 
 greater in his life than it. It pulsates with 
 great hopes for .America's future and it is 
 full of the visions of patriotic duties. It is 
 full of firmness, but it is full of conciliation 
 toward all men and all nations. He, under 
 whose administration the ISTorth and the 
 South were made one again, sought in this 
 final address of his to make all nations one 
 in the items of peace and good will. His 
 last public words were this prayer, 'Our 
 earnest prayer is that God wiil graciously 
 vouchsafe prosperity and happiness and 
 peace to all our neighbors and like blessings 
 to all the peoples and powers of earth.' That 
 Is equal to anything in the farewell address 
 of George Washington, the Father of our 
 Country, and with prayer on his lips William 
 McKinley died. It is a comfort and a con- 
 solation when those whom we love and ad- 
 mire die grandly. Our martj-red President 
 died grandly. 
 
 "There Is a fourth fact that balances us 
 in our thinking and comforts us as we moura 
 
THE MC KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 13 
 
 our loss. It Is this: William McKinley is 
 not 7et done with the American republic. He 
 has so built his lite into it that he will go 
 down into history with it. He will forever 
 serve it as a holy and pow'erful Interest. Wa 
 overlook this sometimes, viz.: We as a na- 
 tion are strong with the strength of those 
 who have lived with us and have gone to 
 their reward. The past Is ours, aud the 
 grand men of the past are ours, and we aro 
 strong with their strength. In estimating us 
 they are to be reckoned with. 
 
 "William McKinley, though gone from our 
 vision, will be an influence in our republic 
 like Daniel Webster. When history Is fully 
 written he will enter upon a new national 
 career, a posthumous career, and will continue 
 to make America great, Just as Washington 
 does and Lincoln does and Webster does. 
 There Is comfort in this. 
 
 "There is another fact that balances us 
 in this hour of our trouble. It is this: This 
 assassination of our beloved President brings 
 us face to face as a nation with an urgent 
 and a present duty. Our duty is to meet and 
 emphatically settle the status and the doom 
 of anarchy and anarchists on American soil. 
 Anarchy shot William McKinley. Anarchy is 
 the criminal. The assassin himself proves 
 this: 'I am an anarchist and I have done my 
 duty.' 
 
 "My fellow citizens, the time has come 
 •when we must be radical and thorough and 
 prompt in doing our duty here aud in guarding 
 the men who represent us in office. Treason 
 is in our midst and we must put it down, or 
 else banish It. Traitors are in our midst and 
 we must treat them in the only way that there 
 Is for treating traitors. We must do this, 
 not as a mob, but by the execution of just and 
 righteous enactments and by the due process 
 of law. If we have not sufficient law covering 
 the case of anarchy we must make sufDcient 
 law. And in handling this matter we must 
 begin at the very starting point ot anarchy. 
 We must deal with anarchy as a sentiment 
 and a belief and an e.^ressed creed, and not 
 wait until it becomes an overt act, a mur- 
 der, an assassination. We must not wait un- 
 til it shoots William McKinley; and we must 
 not -wait because there is no equivalent 
 which we culled from it by way of redress for 
 William McKinley's life. The execution ot 
 all the anarchists in a world would not be an 
 equivalent. 
 
 "Do not tell me that we cannot deal with 
 sentiment, belief, creed. Put the word trea- 
 son before any deadly thing and we can deal 
 with it: and it we are loyal as a nation we 
 will. These things are realities: expressed 
 sentiment is a reality; belief is a reality; 
 creed is a reality. They are national reali- 
 ties, too. They are part ot our national lite. 
 We wove them ail in permanent form into 
 *'hat we call the Constitution of the United 
 States. Our Constitution is sentiment. It la 
 belief. It is creed, and to this sentiment, be- 
 lief, creed, we require our citizens to swear 
 an oath ot allegiance. We can deal with sen- 
 timent and belief and creed, and we do. My 
 point is this: If the Constitution ot the United 
 States Itself Is constitutional in dealing with 
 sentiment and belief and creedj we, the cit- 
 izens of the United States will he constitu- 
 tional also when we deal with sentiment, be- 
 lief and creed, and require that these shall be 
 loyal to our republic and Its laws and its in- 
 stitutions. Deal with the ism and in this way 
 prevent the ist. Anarchy Is essentially an 
 assassin. 
 
 "To-nleht, standing by the murdered form 
 of our bullet-pierced President, I indite it 
 before the bar of the nations the great 
 assassin of the twentieth century. Behold 
 what It assassinates: It assassinates holy 
 truth and principles: It assassinates holy 
 laws: it assassinates holy institutions: it 
 assassinates holy men; it assassinates holy 
 words: It assassinates holy journalism. 
 
 "Not only has anarchy in our midst as- 
 sassinated that which is best in our language; 
 it has assassinated journalism, also, that 
 greatest of modern powers. Yellow journal- 
 ism Is Its weapon here. The duty ot the 
 hour Is that we publicly execrate yellow 
 journalism. Are you willing to do this? If 
 so. you can do It. The people have it in 
 their power to suppress this type of journal- 
 ism. They can do it by religiously refusing 
 to buy it. They can do it by the power of 
 the one cent. The power of the one cent is 
 
 Monlfotent here. Let the one cent say 'I' 
 
 am tor law and government; I am for de- 
 cency; I am against sensationalism; I am 
 for purity and truth; I am for the defense of 
 character and life; I am on the side of good 
 men and against these traducers; I shall 
 never go to the support of yellow journalism.' 
 Let the one cent which is paid for the vile 
 sheet that comes out every hour of the day 
 say this and act according to its declara- 
 tion and journalism ot" this type will die in 
 a week. 
 
 "I want to say this one word concerning 
 anarchy and anarchists. I said it last week 
 in the city of Boston and under the shadow 
 of Fanenll Hall, and I repeat It hero in the 
 commercial metropolis of the nation: The 
 American Republic has only three things that 
 legitimately belong to anarchy and anarch- 
 ists, and these three things are the insane 
 asylum, the prison and the gallow's. These 
 three things let us consecrate to them and 
 may the Almighty God put his blessing upon 
 the consecration. 
 
 "Bear with two closing w-ords: Let us pray 
 God to continue the succession of good and 
 great men in our republic. These are the 
 strength of any nation. They mean perpetu- 
 ity. They are better than guns and foils and 
 armies. Elijah was the horses and chariots 
 of Israel. Washington was the same in 
 .A.merica. So was Lincoln, so was McKinley. 
 Now that these are gone, we need their suc- 
 cessors. Let us ask God for them. Espe- 
 cially at this time let us remember in our 
 prayers our new President. Let us make him 
 feel we trust him. The question is asked. 
 'Can Roosevelt carry the republic?' Be that 
 answer yea or nay, I would answer it, yea, 
 for he has succeeded in all that he has un- 
 dertaken for his country and has been faith- 
 ful in every trust committed to him. Be 
 that answer yea or nay. this I have to say, 
 the nation can carry Roosevelt. Let us tell 
 him this, and let us tell him that we will 
 carry him. Let us hy our loyal words and 
 expectations and deeds make him strong 
 from the very start. 
 
 "Finally, let us renew our allegiance to 
 America and Americanism. America and 
 Americanism exist for the world. If it's to 
 help and bless the world it must be true to 
 itself. I am not ashamed to push American- 
 ism to the front and call for allegiance to it." 
 
 A MARTYR OF DEMOCRACY. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. Warren H. Wil- 
 son. 
 
 The Rev. Warren H. Wilson, pastor of the 
 Arlington Avenue Presbyterian Church, 
 preached on Sunday, September 15, on "A 
 Martyr of Democracy." He took his text 
 from Second Samuel, 1:19: ",Thy glory, O 
 Israel, is slain upon the high places; how 
 are the mighty fallen!" Mr. Wilson said in 
 the course of his sermon: 
 
 "William McKinley died a martyr. Inno- 
 cent of any offense that would incite an aven- 
 ger, blameless in life and pure, noble and de- 
 voted as a husband, winning to all men, he 
 was for no personal reasons slain, but because 
 he stood between us and disorder; because 
 the government rested upon his shoulder, 
 and he exercised the authority to which he 
 was ordained of God; because in him the na- 
 tion was embodied and could be assaulted. It 
 is not the desire to praise which this day 
 forgets ail his errors of mildness, and thinks 
 only of his spotless home, of the dignity of 
 his hours ot dying, of the unchallenged in- 
 tegrity of his administration under greater 
 trusts than were reposed in any ruler be- 
 fore; but death is a clarifler of vision, and we 
 see him, now that he has died, altogether 
 without blame and uplifted as a sufferer for 
 us all to a serene height of dignity and res- 
 ignation. 
 
 •Thank God for William McKinley, a 
 christian gentleman complete in life, ex- 
 alted In death; a godly ruler, a worthy sac- 
 rifice, if only men think upon his martyrdom 
 for them. May the mantle of his wisdom and 
 the soft glovo of his moderation, and the 
 glass of his ir.sight and farsight be given to 
 his successor, by the providence of God. As 
 for us, we pass from one Christian ruler to 
 another, and we are not afraid." 
 
 A CURE FOR ANARCHY. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. Robert J. Kent, 
 D. D. 
 
 In the Lewis Avenue Congregational 
 Church. Sunday, September lu. the pastor, 
 the Rev. Dr. Robert J. Kent, instead of the 
 sermon he had intended to preach, made au 
 address on the assassination of the Presi- 
 dent, declaring that Christ is the cure for 
 anarchism. Dr. Kent said: 
 
 "The sermon I intended to preach this 
 morning I shall deter until next Sunday, and 
 take the time now in voicing the grief and 
 horror which, in common with right minded 
 people everywhere, we feel over the death 
 of our President. At the communion service 
 last Sunday, when we prayed for his recov- 
 ery. I said that the shot that struck him was 
 felt by us all; for he was not only a man of 
 splendid personal qualities, Lut he was the 
 nation's chosen and beloved chief. 
 
 "We ars appalled at the power possessed 
 by one man, obscure, narrow minded and de- 
 graded, to affect so seriously the career of 
 a man infinitely his superior, and to thwart 
 the expressed will of a sovereign people. It 
 was the nation's will, expressed according to 
 the orderly forms of law, that this trained 
 and tested and trusted leader should con- 
 tinue to shape its policies and guide its af- 
 fairs. In his caution and conservatism the 
 people of the United States found safety. 
 They reposed confidence in his judgment, his 
 long experience, his firm and noble character. 
 In the fierce light of the Spanish War ha 
 stood forth as a man who loved mercy, who 
 strove to do justice, and who walked with 
 lowly reverence before God. He w^as not A 
 perfect man, but he was the kind of man the 
 people loved with warmer affection the better 
 they came to know him. He believed in and 
 practiced old fashioned virtues; his beautiful 
 devotion to his wife gained for him a warm 
 place in the hearts of the people; and he 
 was the more readily trusted by them because 
 it was evident that he himself trusted in 
 God. In the new experiences through which 
 the nation was passing, the people felt that 
 in him they had a reliable pilot. Therefore, 
 they called upon him to remain in the high 
 office to which they had elected him four 
 years before. No king ever reigned by a 
 diviner right than did William McKinley hold 
 his office, second to none on the earth in 
 power, honor and responsibility; not because 
 the oil of consecration had been poured on 
 him from a sacred vessel by a priest of an es- 
 tablished religion, but because the voice of 
 the people in his election was the voice of 
 God. wiio loves order, law and liberty. 
 
 "Obedient to that voice he continued to 
 bear the heavy responsibilities of his great 
 trust. And suddenly one man, a degraded, 
 miserable wretch, opposes his will to the will 
 of this sovereign people, and a noblo lite, 
 an illustrious career, a splendid service is 
 brought to a close. We are amazed at the 
 power lodged In a single personality. The 
 social organism is fearfully and wonderfully 
 constructed. Such men as the assassin of 
 the President are the dregs ot society; but 
 the dregs cannot be ignored: they are here 
 with us, and possess a terrible power for 
 evil. 
 
 "It was such a senseless murder. There 
 was nothing to be gained by it toward the 
 propagation of anarchistic principles. The 
 pistol shots fired in Buffalo have killed a 
 splendid man and a most admirable Chief 
 Executive, but they have not shattered the 
 foundations of government. They could not 
 contribue toward the overthrow of law and 
 order. It was wanton and wicked cruelty. 
 Anarchism has succeeded in calling attention 
 to itself, but only to make men loathe, and 
 abhor, and hate it. Its ranks are not going 
 to be recruited in that way. It makes more 
 conspicuous the splendid contrast between 
 itself and the orderly, established government 
 it plots against. What a spectacle Is pre- 
 sented to the world to-day! A cruel, red- 
 handed assas.sin shielded from mob violence 
 by the strong arm of the government who.se 
 illustrious and beloved head It struck down. 
 It anarchism had its way for ten minutes, 
 it for that period of time the forces of ItW 
 
14 
 
 TtTE MC TCRNT-EY f.rEMORTAW,. 
 
 and order were paralyzed, there would not 
 be left alive an anarchist that men could 
 lay hands upon. Were it announced that the 
 murderer of our President was to be set 
 free, unguarded by the officers of the law, 
 he would not proceed twenty feet before he 
 would be pounded to death. It is the strong 
 arm whose nerve he would sever that is pro- 
 tecting him. He is safe in his cell, hs can 
 sleep in security, he has food to eat, because 
 of the strength and self-control of the gov- 
 ernment he hates and ivo-jld overLhrow. And 
 this strength resides in the people's intelli- 
 gent and reverent regard for law. 
 
 "It is natural to demand the extermina- 
 tion of anarchists, but it is not so easy to 
 accomplish it. It will not be brought about 
 quickly by anyone or a number of repressive 
 measures. These mad dogs of society will 
 continue to appear, as they have appeared 
 for many years, in spite of stringent lav;s 
 and ceaseless vigilance. .\s they appear they 
 must be caught, caged and put out of the 
 way. But this must be done according to 
 law. Anarchism of one kind cannot be cured 
 by anarchism of another kind. The fiendish 
 lynchings in some parts of the country are 
 not a cure for negro lust and violence; nor 
 ■would the suggested methods of wreaking 
 vengeance on the anarchists cure the dis- 
 ease. It would be a victory for lawlessness, 
 and that is another name for anarchism. The 
 evil must be remedied at its roots; and the 
 roots of anarchism are a disregard of the 
 Bacredness of life and an utter lack of rev- 
 erence for things essentially divine. The 
 anarchist holds life cheap, his own as well 
 as that of others; he scoffs at the insti- 
 tutions and principles of religion. The seat 
 of anarchism is the heart; its seeds are false 
 principles concerning God and man. The vast 
 majority of men are not anarchists because 
 they have been taught that life is sacred, 
 that government is in its idea divine, and 
 that there is a Supreme Being to whom we 
 are responsible. The secret of our Presi- 
 dent's firmness and loftiness of character 
 was his confidence in God. so beautifully 
 and touchingly voiced in his repeating his 
 favorite hymn as he was about to enter the 
 other world, 'Nearer, My God, to Thee'; and 
 the nearer this nation comes to God in the 
 consciousness of the individual, the farther 
 will it depart from anarchism. When Thomas 
 Paine was about to publish his 'Age of Rea- 
 son,' Benjamin Franklin advised him not to 
 flo so. telling him that he would not succeed 
 In undermining the belief of men in the fun- 
 damental principles of religion, warning him 
 against the odium he would bring upon him- 
 self, and declaring that if he should suc- 
 ceed in destroying men's faith in divine 
 Providence he would be simply unchaining 
 the tiger. If the world is as bad as it is with 
 religion, he asked, what would it be with- 
 out it? The kingdom of God is the antithe- 
 sis of anarchism, as light is of darkness, as 
 life is of death; and the safeguard against 
 the one is the spread of the other. On one 
 point let us make no mistake. President 
 McKinley is reported to have said among his 
 last words, 'It is God's way; God's will be 
 done.' These words reveal to us the filial 
 love and reverence for God he had, and we 
 love him all the more for them. But the 
 murder of our President was not the will 
 of God. who tolerates many things utterly 
 abhorrent to His nature and which in law 
 and gospel He has eternally condemned. The 
 will of God is revealed in the Scriptures and 
 Is as clear as the sun in the heavens. Jesus 
 Christ is the living expression of the will of 
 God and the distance betw'een the example, 
 spirit and teachings of Jesus and the propa- 
 ganda of deed of anarchism is the distance 
 between the East and the West. It is the 
 will of God that men love one another, that 
 they obey and pray for those in authority, 
 that they labor even as they petition for the 
 coming of the kingdom of God. which is the 
 kingdom of truth and love. Christ in the 
 heart is the radical and permanent cure; it is 
 the effective preventive of anarchism. He 
 came to destroy the works of the devil; but 
 they can be destroyed only as men are 
 brought into subjection to Christ. 
 
 "We are called upon to-day by this sad 
 and terrible tragedy to consecrate ourselves 
 more intelligently and with all our heart to 
 the teaching of the tternal truths of the gos- 
 
 pel of Jesus Christ. If the laws against 
 these violent attacks upon government are 
 not adequate let them be made so by care- 
 ful legislation, and let the laws already ou 
 the statute book be promptly and faithfully 
 executed. But let us not forget that the 
 life will be beautiful when the heart is right, 
 and that the sovereign remedy for the evils 
 of the human heart is the truth of God re- 
 vealed in His law and in the gospel of His 
 Son. So let us labor and pray until every 
 knee shall bow before Him and every tongue 
 proclaim Him Lord." 
 
 THE NATION'S GBIEF. 
 
 Sermon by the Kev. W. A. Wasson. 
 
 An address was delivered Sunday. Septem- 
 ter 15, by the Rev, William .Alexander Was- 
 son, rector of St. George's Church, Gates and 
 Marcy avenues, regarding the death of Presi- 
 dent McKinley, in the course of which he 
 said: 
 
 "The people mourn, the whole nation is 
 under the shadow of a great grief. We have 
 been sorely smitten, our hearts are heavy. 
 All our hopes have been shattered, and our 
 President lies in the cold embrace of death, 
 a victim of cruelty and treason. Truly, none 
 of us liveth unto himself, and no man dieth 
 unto himself. We are bound together by ties 
 of common sympathy and common interest. 
 Joy and prosperity oftentimes separate us 
 and weaken the sentiment of brotherhood, 
 while sorrow and bereavement draw us close 
 together. To-day this great nation of seventy 
 millions of Inhabitants is indeed one people. 
 Partisanship has been suspended, sectional 
 interests and class differences and social dis- 
 tinctions have been buried out of sight. 
 Throughout tiie length and breadth of this 
 great land, from the coast of Maine to the 
 far off islands on the other side of the globe, 
 there is but one heart and one mind. 
 
 "As with the Individual, so with the na- 
 tion, sorrow, loss, affliction brings out the 
 best' and truest sentiments 
 
 It purges aw'ay 
 
 he dross and purifies and ennobles the char- 
 
 acter. The cvnic tells us that human nature 
 is altogether selfish. But it is not so. There 
 is much in human nature that is noble and 
 beautiful, much that is kind and unselfish. 
 The bullet that penetrated the body of the 
 President also penetrated the nation's heart. 
 What touching sights have been witnessed 
 during the past week. Crowds of men, 
 women and children, rich and poor, laborers, 
 merchants, clerks, professional men, stand- 
 ing before the bulletin boards, watching for 
 the latest news from the President's sick 
 room! What a study of human nature, and 
 the best side of human nature, those up- 
 turned faces presented, now lightened up 
 with hope and joy as some favorable mes- 
 sage is posted, now expressing pain and 
 anxiety at some unfavorable turn in the 
 patient's condition. I tell you, my friends, 
 we have no reason to fear for our country's 
 future when we witness scenes such as these. 
 The head may go wrong, we may make 
 mistakes, but so long as the heart beats true 
 in common love and sympathy all is well. 
 The fight for life has been lost, but shall we 
 sav nothing has been gained ? Has the ter- 
 rible tragedy been an unmixed evil ? I be- 
 lieve I anticipate yo\ir answer when I say. 
 No. The design and the deed of the cowardly 
 fiend who, Judas-like, struck down his un- 
 suspecting victim under pretense of greeting 
 him and paying him dutiful respect, this de- 
 sign and this deed were altogether evil, and 
 nothing can be said in mitigation of its heln- 
 ousnoss. And yet, casting our eyes back over 
 the history of human events, and calling to 
 mind the tragedies, the treasons and the 
 monstrous crimes that have been perpetrated 
 by man against man. we can see how all 
 these evils, conceived and executed by wicked 
 men, have, by God's providence and mercy, 
 been made to work out some wise and be- 
 neficent end. And so we take heart, believing 
 that in some way which we know not of, 
 God will use this present sad event lor our 
 
 good and His glory. Aye, we may say with 
 confidence and perfect conviction of truth 
 that if good do not come out of this evil, the 
 fault will be ours, not God's. 
 
 "And this thought leads us to see that th« 
 prayers that have ascended to the throne 
 of divine grace during the past week, while 
 not answered as we desired and hoped they 
 might be, have by no means been in vain. 
 I God will answer them, aye. He is answering 
 them even now in His own divine way. The 
 I Lord has not been deaf to our petitions. He 
 I has not cast His people away from His sight. 
 He is still near to us as a nation; let us 
 i draw nearer to Him. His mighty arm Is still 
 stretched out to defend and bless us. If He 
 chasten us and permit affliction to pierce our 
 hearts, it is only because He loves us, even 
 as a father loveth his own children. He 
 doeth all things well. We see as through a 
 glass darkly; His eye penetrates into the se- 
 cret things of heaven and earth, of time and 
 eternity. We stand, trembling and wondering 
 and guessing; He is ever calm and serene 
 and infinite. With us three score years and 
 ten seem a long time; with Him a million 
 ages is but like the twinkling of an eye. If, 
 as a nation, we have been inclined to ba 
 proud and self sufficient, let these thou^U 
 humble us. Let us learn to distlnguUh k^ 
 tween the mortal and the immortal, hetw«i« 
 temporal things and things eternal. Let «• 
 learn to realize our frailty, our ignorance, our 
 unworthiness. and let us bear in mind that 
 all nations and peoples are but a drop In a 
 bucket and are counted as the small dust of 
 the balance in the sight of the Lord. And 
 yet weak and insignificant and sinful as we 
 are'. God has taught us to call Him our 
 Father. 
 
 "The country has lost its President, ana, 
 while we mourn the loss, let us thank God 
 tor all our President was to us and for all 
 the good be did in his day and generation. 
 Let us thank God for the heroism and spirit 
 of Christian resignation that he manlfeeted 
 in his last hours. We commend his soul t« 
 the loving protection of that Saviour In whom 
 he so firmly trusted. 
 
 "The nation is secure. The foundations of 
 justice, freedom and equality upon which It l3 
 based cannot be .shaken by foe from without 
 nor by treason within. That foundation has 
 stood these hundred years through toll and 
 tempest and civil strife, and It will stand unto 
 the end. We face the future with strong 
 courage and unshaken faith. The reins of 
 government have fallen Into the hands of a 
 patriot and statesman, a man brave in war 
 and wise in time of peace. We may rest 
 a&^ured that with such a mind and heart and 
 will, the new President will lead the country 
 in the ways of truth and peace. Long live 
 Theodore Roosevelt! God bless the President 
 of the United States. God bless our nation 
 now and always." 
 
 SERVICES IN CHRIST CHURCH. 
 
 Christ Episcopal Church In the Eastern 
 District is appropriately decorated in honor 
 of the late President, and at each service 
 yesterday the death of William McKinley 
 was the theme of the sermon. The decora- 
 tions of the church consist, on the outside, of 
 broad bands of black and white material run- 
 ning from the center of the building above 
 the main entrance to the sides, an American 
 flag at half staff over the main door and fes- 
 toons of white and black bunting around the 
 main entrance. Within the church broad 
 bands of white and black bunting meet over 
 the chancel, running from center to the sides, 
 and' the lectern and pulpit were both draped. 
 The rector, the Rev. Dr. James H. Darling- 
 ton, preached at both services. At both serv- 
 ices the proclamation of President Roosevelt 
 and of Governor Odell were read, and it 
 was announced that in accordance with the 
 request in both, a memorial service would be 
 held in the Church on Thursday evening next, 
 at S o'clock. The music at both services yes- 
 terday was selected for the occasion. The 
 hymns, "Nearer, My God, to Thee," "Lead, 
 Kindly Light," "America" and "Brief Life 
 Is Here Our Portion," were sung by the 
 choir, and the organist. A. Campbell Weston 
 played during the offertory Chopin'a Funeral 
 March, 
 
THE MO KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 15 
 
 THE GREAT CALAMITY. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. B. B. Hull, D. D. 
 
 In the Greenwood Baptist Church. Seventh 
 avenue and Sixth street, the pastor, the Rev. 
 Dr, R. B. Hull, preached Sunday, September 
 1.1, on "The Great Calamity." He took for 
 his text Psalms lxxiil:23: "Nevertheless, I 
 am continually with thee; thou hast holden 
 me by my right hand." He said: 
 
 "We are to-day under the shadow of a 
 great calamity. During the early portion of 
 last week we wero exulting because we 
 thought a noble life would be spared to us. 
 So confident of recovery were those closest to 
 the wounded President that a day of thanks- 
 giving was appointed. .\las! the brightest 
 hopes were changed to bitterest disappoint- 
 ment. In twenty-four hours joy was changed 
 to grief, and those who had been smiling and 
 radiant bowed their beads in a sorrow too 
 deep for tears. With the more thoughtful it 
 was not alone a sorrow for the death of a be- 
 loved executive; it was also sorrow for the 
 humiliation of our country. Three times in 
 one generation our Presidents have been 
 slain by the assassin's bullet. O. the shame 
 of it! Can it be that to place a man in the 
 highest position in our nation is only to place 
 him as a target for deluded anarchists? ilust 
 we hereafter have our Presidents surrounded 
 by armed guards, so that Presidents shall ap- 
 pear as prisoners? 
 
 "We have been too confident and too trust- 
 ful. We have extended a welcome to immi- 
 grants from the whole world, except the 
 harmless Chinese, and some of these for- 
 eigners are the curse of our nation to-day. 
 We believe in tree speech and a free press, 
 but who to-day will dare say that such 
 speech as advocates murder and such a press 
 as promotes it should be free? In our in- 
 dignation, needing a President's death to 
 arouse it, we now denounce the anarchist 
 speech and the anarchist newspapers. Let 
 us see to it that both are suppressed, and 
 suppressed forever. We shall still believe 
 in liberty, but we shall endeavor to teach 
 the difference between liberty and license. 
 Teach this to the anarchist press, and also to 
 the assistant anarchist press. As Christian 
 men and Christian citizens let your influence 
 be felt against that so called yellow journal- 
 ism which in some instances appears to be 
 the foster parent of anarchy. 
 
 ■•.\ noble life has been offered as a sacri- 
 fice: let not that sacrifice be vain. William 
 McKiuley was unquestionably the most uni- 
 versally beloved President this country evet 
 had. Other great Presidents were appreciat- 
 ed after death; he was appreciated and be- 
 loved while he lived. The great trio of 
 Presidents will henceforth be Washington, 
 Lincoln, McKinley. 
 
 "Washington founded our country, Lincoln 
 PKVti .'.t; McKinley placed it among the na- 
 tions of the earth as a world power. McKin- 
 ley did it, but God most surely directed it. 
 God went before Dewey Into Manila Bay and 
 before Chaffee in China. God has brought the 
 English speaking peoples together during Mc- 
 Kinlcy's presidency into a unity such as they 
 never knew before. To-day a deep and tender 
 sympathy exists between the two great En- 
 glish speaking nations. King Edward and his 
 people truly and lovingly suffer with us to- 
 day. But our sad hearts query, why should 
 we suffer thus at all. Here we meet the 
 problem of the ages. Scholars tell us that the 
 book of Job is the oldest book in the Bible 
 and the whole theme of that noble book is, 
 'Why are the righteous afflictfd?' This is 
 the theme of the psalm from which the text 
 is taken. This is the theme for which there 
 will be no complete explanation till we con- 
 sider events from the viewpoint of eternity. 
 Our Saviour was made perfect through suffer- 
 ing and He said to His disciples, 'In the 
 world ye shall have tribulation,' but He also 
 added, 'but be of good cheer. I have over- 
 come the world." Now In this great calamity 
 we, too, may be of good cheer. 
 
 "To us the great President has passed 
 away, but a beautiful trusting death has 
 SbowQ us the source of bis greatness and ot 
 
 his nobility of character. 'Thy kingdom 
 come, thy will be done.' he murmurs as he 
 sinks to unconsciousness under the surgeons' 
 care. "God's will be done, not ours," he whis- 
 pers with dying breath to the wife he so 
 truly loved. 'Nearer, my God, to Thee." he 
 says to the chill touch of heaven"s dark 
 winged messenger. And he was not there, 
 tor God took*hira. 
 
 "Shall We not, then, insist this morning 
 with this Christian life arid Christian death 
 as the illustration of Bible truth that, how- 
 ever sad events may be, 'Nevertheless I am 
 continually with thee." 
 
 "AfBicted they may be, but God's people 
 are dear to Him. The whole history of 
 God's people, as written in the Bible as well 
 as realized in later experience, shows this. 
 -Abraham was the friend of God. but he en- 
 dured trials. Jacob was a prince ot God, 
 but in his sorrow he exclaims: '.\11 these 
 things are against me." They were not 
 against him, but he was not able to see 
 the culmination ot the plan of God. We as 
 Christians believing in the ruling and the 
 overruling of God must believe that final 
 good is to come out of this great calamity. 
 Wo must accept the tact that God in wisdom 
 said His work is done. Through far greater 
 apparent dangers God had preserved him. 
 but DOW in the midst of a happy, prosperous 
 nation he was slain. Why should he sutter 
 this now? Why should the nation be be- 
 reaved? There can be no definite answer 
 given to these questions. We know God is 
 infinite in love and 
 
 "Xever careless hand and vain 
 Smites these cords of grief and pain. 
 
 "Our Lord Jesus was made perfect through 
 suffering. It seems to be God's plan that 
 blessing and salvation shall come through 
 Gethsemane's crimson agony and Calvary's 
 awful blackness. The disciple is not greater 
 than his Lord and our Gethsemanes and 
 Calvarys must be passed through, but as 
 God lives we are sure of the abundant 
 compensation at the end. The beloved Presi- 
 dent gone, his work done, what of the 
 future? Let us thank God for President 
 Roosevelt. A man full of youthful vigor and 
 w^ho never occupied a public position in 
 which he did not do surpassing service. He 
 is the brave, considerate colonel of the 
 Rough Riders. He is the Secretary of the 
 Xavy. who organized the victories after- 
 ward so gloriously won. He is the Governor 
 of this state. In efficiency second to none in 
 the history ot our commonwealth. What 
 of liim as a Christian? Listen to his words 
 in an address at a meeting ot the .American 
 Bible Society. He closed his address with 
 these words: 
 
 " 'If we read the Bible aright, we read a 
 book which teaches us to go forth and do 
 the work of the Lord; to do the work ot the 
 Lord in the world as we find it: to try to 
 make things better In this world, even If 
 only a little better, because we have lived 
 in It. That kind of work can bo done only 
 by a man who is neither a weakling nor a 
 coward; by the man who, in the fullest 
 sense of the word. Is a true Christian, like 
 Great Heart. Runyan's hero. We plead for 
 a closer and wider and deeper study of the 
 Bible so that our people may be, in fact, as 
 well as in theory, doers of the word and not 
 hearers only." Thank God. as Christians, 
 that we have a man in President Roosevelt, 
 who with courageous yet subdued spirit, 
 takes up the work of the beloved man who 
 iB not, for God took him." 
 
 conducted the service, which was one In 
 memory of the late President. After refer- 
 ence to his manly and noblo qualities, Mr. 
 Wilson, continuing the thoughts of the pre- 
 vious Sunday upon the present state of so- 
 ciety, referred to the great state ot unrest 
 pervading the business, social and religious 
 conditions, showing that it was only through 
 receiving Christ's spirit that these conditions 
 could be changed: that Christ came not to 
 take away the Roman tax, but to raise the 
 people to a higher level. "My Country, 'Tis 
 ot Thee," was sung as a closing hymn. 
 
 The session ot the Sunday school was re- 
 sumed in the afternoon, more than usual 
 being present, and the exercises taking the 
 form ot a memorial service, plants and flags 
 being placed about the platform. After the 
 reading ot the Twenty-third Psalm and 
 I John iii:l-12. addresses were given by the 
 superintendent. William Mackey; the Rev. 
 Mr. Wilson and Mr. Eaton, special emphasis 
 being placed upon the tact that the late 
 President was a Sunday school man and the 
 influence the Sunday school had upon him In 
 his early days in shaping his character and 
 lite. The hymns. "He Leadeth Me," '"Near- 
 er, My God. to Thee."" "The Sands ot Time" 
 and "My Country. 'Tis of Thee,'" were sung 
 by the school and at the close of the service 
 fac similes ot the last portrait of Mr. Mc- 
 Kinley. with his final words, were distributed 
 among the children. 
 
 DIED IN THE FEAR OF THE LORD. 
 
 TRIBUTE TO THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 Address by the Rev. J. C. 'Wilson. 
 Stmday morning, September 15. a larger 
 number than usual were gathered In the 
 South Congregational Church. In which the 
 Stars and Stripes had been draped about the 
 reading desk, with ferns and palms on cither 
 side. The opening hymn was the now his- 
 toric one, "Nearer. My God. to Thee,"" af- 
 fect Ingly rendered by the choir and congre- 
 gation. 
 
 The associate pastor, the Rev. J. C. Wilson, 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. S. D. McConnell, 
 D. D. 
 
 The Rev. S. D. McConnell made a touching 
 reference to the late President McKinley in 
 his morning sermon in the Church ot the 
 Holy Trinity on Sunday, September 15. "'The 
 President." he said, "had died in the tear of 
 God and in the love ot man. He had left a 
 legacy, a real legacy which would benefit all 
 mankind." Before Dr. McConnell began his 
 sermon "Nearer. My God. to Thee" was 
 sung by the congregation. Dr. McConnell 
 took for his text a part ot the verse from 
 Matthew vi:24: 
 
 There are two kinds of people, he said, 
 those who denied themselves to follow the 
 teachings ot the Bible and those who discred- 
 ited the teachings ot Jesus Christ. Multi- 
 tudes of the former had suffered, but they 
 were happy in the thought that they had not 
 been permanently defeated. On the other 
 hand, multitudes had turned with scorn and 
 sometimes rage from Christ"s teachings and 
 gone to the preachers and told them that 
 they did not believe what they thought. By 
 one it was hailed as the gospel cf redemp- 
 tion; by the other, discredited and declared 
 as the gospel of fraud. Never as at this 
 time was there so much wealth and comfort. 
 It was an age of accommodation. Never was 
 there such an opportunity to gratify every de- 
 sire. This was due to the enormous increase 
 ot wealth. There was a class which was 
 made dissatisfied by the condition. They con- 
 sidered the whole world out ot joint and were 
 rebellious against everything. This sort of 
 Individual was angry and against the whole 
 order ot government. What waa to be done 
 with this rebellious man was a question yet 
 to be decided. It was his opinion that mat- 
 ters could be relieved without going to the 
 trouble of reversing the policy of giving free 
 speech and freedom of the press which had 
 been one of the fundamental principles since 
 the government had been established. 
 
 Dr. McConnell spoke ot the miserable as- 
 sassin and then referred to President Mc- 
 Kinley as a shining apostle of a noble church. 
 
 "The President died poor In the midst ot 
 plenty.'" he said, "without enemies, in the 
 fear of God, in the love of man. He left a 
 legacy which will benefit all mankind. He 
 sought In his own fashion after the kingdom 
 of God and tried earnestly to do his duty 
 as a Christian being, influenced neither by 
 the rich nor the poor. His life was a graadt 
 noble one." 
 
16 
 
 THE MC KIN LEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 A DEGRADED PRESS. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. Willard P. Har- 
 mon. 
 
 In the Central Congregational Church, on 
 Sunday, September 15, the assistant pastor, 
 the Rev. Willard P. Harmon, said, among 
 other things: 
 
 "Our hearts are heavy this morning. The 
 sore affliction which has come to us as a 
 nation is keenly telt; the entire nation is 
 mourning the sad death of President Mc- 
 Kinley. for he was not only respected and 
 admired, he was deeply loved; indeed, he 
 had taken such a hold of our affections that 
 to-day we feel a personal loss, and the in- 
 significance of the cowardly criminal is al- 
 most lost in the enormity of his crime. No 
 political issues or party ties divide us; ours 
 Is a sorrow in common; our President has 
 been murdered by cruel and violent hands. 
 
 "But we cannot conceal from ourselves the 
 fact that we are proving that the statement 
 Is true regarding the nations as well as men, 
 'Whatsoever a man soweth that shall he also 
 reap." We are learning in the school of 
 sorrow the inevitable result of permitting 
 our fair country to become the home of 
 Europe's moral outcasts, who come here 
 with murder and anarchy in their hearts, 
 and who use this land of freedom as a quiet 
 place in which to plot the cowardly assas- 
 sination of kings and presidents. We have 
 but reaped according to our sowing; we 
 have not set a sharp distinction between 
 liberty and license, between worihy and 
 
 unworthy immigrants. We actually harbor 
 the anarchist, though we know that his hand, 
 like Ishmael's, 'will be against every man.' 
 E\ery man's hand and every nation's law 
 ought to be against the common enemy, for 
 anarchy is a constant menace. Of course, 
 mere legislation cannot cure it, but its known 
 advocates can be deported or denied admis- 
 sion just as paupers and known criminals 
 are. 
 
 "But our hearts are moved by succeeding 
 waves of emotion — righteous anger at the 
 assassin, sympathy and prayer for Mrs. Mc- 
 Kinley and the stricken family, and sincere 
 grief at the loss which seems a personal one 
 ':ii €acii ©f us. 'The heart knoweth its own 
 'oitterness.* We think of him as being an il- 
 lustration of his own statement. 'No curren- 
 cy in this world passes at such a premium 
 anywhere as good Christian character.' Such 
 a character, which we believe he possessed. 
 Is always the result of patient and vigorous 
 self-discipline. While he was great In all 
 the elements of his sturdy, manly nature, 
 yet it was his victory over self which was 
 the preparation for every other success. He 
 had, indeed, great physical courage, which 
 ■was born with him. and which was brilliant- 
 ly displayed during the Civil War. notably 
 at Antietam, but in addition he had also a 
 deep moral courage that added a stiil bright- 
 er luster to his character. Cool and thought- 
 ful in the time of physical danger, his chief 
 thought was not of himself; like his Divine 
 Example, he wished no harm to befall his 
 ■aurderer. 
 
 "Adversity never hardened h>m; prosperity 
 did not change him; generosity ruled his 
 large heart, while his personal life was ruled 
 by simple devotion to duty, as expressed in 
 the words, 'Let thine eyes look right on, 
 . . . ponder the path of thy feet. . . . 
 turn not to the right nor to the left.' Truly 
 a man who thus lives and does right simply 
 because It is right, living by the rule of 
 duty, is following the standard of absolute 
 and never failing success. We are remind- 
 ed of Carlyle's answer to the question, 'who 
 Is a true man?' 'He who does the truth, 
 and never holds a principle on which he Is 
 not prepared at any hour to act. and in any 
 hour to risk the consequences of holding it.' 
 "We have been deeply touched by the un- 
 selfish devotion which the President con- 
 stantly displayed toward his aged mother, 
 and during these past few months, especially. 
 toward his Invalid wife. May the God of 
 infinite love deal very tenderly with her in 
 lier grlet and loneliness! His life reminds 
 
 us that whether high or low, rich or poor, 
 the really successful life is the useful life, 
 lived not for self, but for others, for home, 
 tor the loved ones, for God, for humanity, 
 and in such a life sympathy is always dom- 
 inant — as was said of George Peabody be- 
 cause of his sympathetic kindnesses, 'no one 
 was closer to the hearts of the people than 
 he,' tor a large heart weighs* more than a 
 great brain; and the past ten days have 
 shown how close to the hearts of the people 
 was their beloved President. He certainly 
 used Sidney Smith's formula for securing 
 happiness, 'make one person happy every 
 day in the year." You know who that one 
 person was In his case, but his constant 
 care and solicitude for her welfare resulted 
 indirectly in developing ih him those fine 
 traits of character by which he will be chief- 
 ly remembered, for though he was the man 
 under whose wise direction great issues were 
 successfully met, and national problems 
 worked out to a solution, yet it Is sate to 
 say that as a man of thorough character he 
 will live in our memory. 
 
 "And now his course among us here Is fin- 
 ished; but who can measure the good influ- 
 ence of his life? What bounds are there to 
 the influence of an eminent man whose char- 
 acter Is unselfish, tender, prayerful and hum- 
 ble? 'Sometimes the sun seems to hang for 
 a brief hour in the horizon.' said Mr. Beech- 
 er once, 'just to show how glorious it can be; 
 the day is done, the fervor of the shining is 
 over, and the sun hangs golden, nay, redder 
 than gold, in the west, making everything 
 look unspeakably beautiful with the rich 
 effulgence which it sheds on every side. So 
 God seems to let some people, when their 
 duty In this world is done, hang in the west 
 that men may look upon them and see how 
 beautiful thev are.' -As he tarried 'in the 
 west,' during these last few days he revealed 
 no new qualities; he continued to be patient, 
 uncomplaining and prayerful; he displayed 
 the same traits that he had ever since he as 
 a lad made public profession of his faith in 
 Jesus Christ. He showed confidence in and 
 humble dependence upon God. and this char- 
 acteristic was strong even to the very last, 
 when he said, 'God's will be done.' Be- 
 neath the spell of sickness or In the midst of 
 some great excitement the spirit of man 
 sometimes reveals itself in the greatness of 
 its consistency and conformity. His last 
 hours were in conformity with his previous 
 living; well doing and well dying differ in 
 but one letter." 
 
 In the course of his sermon, the text of 
 which was Exodus iv:2, "And the Lord said 
 unto Moses. What is that in thine hand? And 
 he said, a rod," Mr. Harmon said, regarding 
 incitements to evil; 
 
 "Recently we have seen, with horror and 
 sorrow, how the apparently trifling but really 
 treasonable talk about a 'tyrant' and 'the 
 rich growing richer while the poor grow 
 poorer,' has resulted in murder and world- 
 wide grief, for. like Moses' rod, the news- 
 paper may become a savor of life unto life, 
 through which shall be reached a life of peace 
 in a land flowing with milk and honey; or, 
 alas! and. oh, the shame and pity of it! It 
 may veritably become a poisonous, crawling 
 reptile, a savor of death unto death. No one 
 can deny the great utility of the press or its 
 enormous power for good. It is, perhaps, the 
 great instrument of civilization and has done 
 more than any other agency of human inven- 
 tion to instruct the world in the truth of the 
 Bible, the teachings of science and the phil- 
 osophy ot history; yet the rod may be trans- 
 formed into a viper. Think of the pernicious 
 literature from a degraded press, spreading 
 fajse views of life, inaccurate news, and the 
 details of crime, all noxious seeds which 
 take quick root and are altogether enervat- 
 ing to the manhood of the nation! This 
 degradation of the press in certain quarters 
 is one of the most lamentable facts of our 
 time. Such a paper has become a serpent of 
 most dangerous character and is doing more 
 to inflame weak minds and destroy virile 
 manhood than perhaps anything else. How 
 shall we deal with the journal of such a 
 character ? By following Solomon's wise ad- 
 vice: '.-Xvoid it. pass not by it. turn from it 
 and pass away.' Let no one but some God- 
 directed Moses reach forth his hand toward 
 it and it will soon die of starvation and 
 neglect." 
 
 MC KINLEY'S CHARACTER. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. John F. Carson, 
 D. D. 
 
 Central Presbyterian Church, drapefl IB 
 mourning In front of the organ loft and on 
 the pulpit, was thoroughly filled Sunday 
 morning, September 15, many persons stand- 
 ing throughout the service. A deep feeling 
 was manifested by as tender an audience as 
 ever listened to a sermon, and several times 
 a great sob could be beard breaking over the 
 audience. The pastor, the Rev, Dr. John F. 
 Carson, preached on "The Assassination of 
 President McKlnley." He took his text from 
 Acts xiii:36: "After he bad served his own 
 generation by the will of God, he fell on 
 sleep." 
 
 Dr. Carson began by saying that the brief 
 sentence of the text was "the biography of 
 a nation's king, the disclosure of the master 
 secret of a strong character and a splendid 
 career. It tells us at once the motive and 
 the method of the man whose life it com- 
 memorates, and when it has done that it has 
 revealed to us the man himself." Dr. Car- 
 son said the text emphasized only the cen- 
 tral motive and the controlling method of 
 David's life. To judge a man by the details 
 of his life would be to misjudge him. as 
 every man is much nobler than he some- 
 times seems to be. much better than some of 
 his actions would suggest. A man is to be 
 judged by his controlling idea and his ruling 
 purpose. The text judged David in this 
 righteous way, the preacher said. In analyz- 
 ing this text Dr. C. T. Berry calls attention 
 to three elements which it emphasizes, serv- 
 ice, contemporaneousness and divine inspira- 
 tion, said the man ot the text served, and 
 then made this application: 
 
 "Had Mr. Berry analyzed this text tor a 
 sermon on the character and career of Will- 
 iam McKinley his analysis could not have 
 been more fitting. President McKinley. gifted 
 with genius, girt with power, surrounded by 
 all that position could give, served the peo- 
 ple. The notion sometimes prevails that the 
 higher one's position the further he is re- 
 moved from the burden of work. Not so if 
 the man recognizes his obligation to God and 
 to his fellows. Mr. McKinley recognized 
 both, and in all his life he was the servant 
 of the common weal. And he served his own 
 generation. This was the conspicuous thing 
 in the life of Mr. McKinley. He advocated 
 the measure which for the time was the par- 
 amount issue. Now it is the protective 
 tariff, again It is the gold standard, yet 
 again it is the retention in peace of the terri- 
 tory won in war and his final standard as 
 declared in his last public utterance was for 
 deep fraternal relations with all the world 
 and the play of a brotherly reciprocity with 
 the people of our new possessions. Men 
 sometimes accused him of fickleness and in- 
 consistency. But he was living for the need 
 of the present. His aim was to take occasion 
 by the hand and translate it into beneficent 
 achievement. He tried to understand the 
 new conditions and duties of the day, to 
 solve the present problems and to guide 
 men and measures to rlgUt issues. .And in 
 all he sought to fulfill the divine will. In 
 the earthly opportunity be recognized ths 
 heavenly obligation. .\nd when the end 
 drew near on yesterday morning the will of 
 God, which had been the guide and inspira- 
 tion of his life, became his choice in death. 
 As he sank into unconsciousness he said to 
 the loved ones by his couch: 'Goodby all; 
 goodbv. It is God's way; His will be done." 
 By the will of God he served his generation 
 and by the will of God he fell on sleep. God 
 did not do and He in no way inspired the 
 dreadful deed of September 6. That was 
 born in hell and inspired by Satan. But 
 man and devil could not have done that deed 
 until President .McKlnley's life work had 
 been accomplished, ■.■\fter he had served his 
 generation he fell on sleep.' 
 
 "This morning I have not a word to say 
 concerning the abnormal being who com- 
 mitted the crime, nor about the abhorrent 
 system of which he is the creature and the 
 expression. The law will deal justly with 
 
THE MC KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 17 
 
 the assassin and the mature statesmanship 
 of America will devise measures for the sup- 
 pression and extinction of anarchy. Our 
 whole thought this morning must center 
 about that good man who has fallen a vic- 
 tim of one of the most atrocious crimes in 
 the goodly succession of Abraham Lincoln 
 and James A. Garfield. 
 
 "The death of President McKinley is more 
 than a national calamity. It is a distinct 
 personal loss to every American. He was 
 more to us than a public official. He seemed 
 a brother to every man. There was some- 
 thing so virtuous, so innocent, so strong in 
 his manhood that his death touches those 
 tenderer feelings which belong peculiarly to 
 individual sorrow. The clash of personal 
 ambitions and commercial rivalries and, po- 
 litical antagonisms are all hushed as the 
 nation gathers in the silent chamber of its 
 fallen chief." 
 
 Dr. Carson gave a brief biography of Mr. 
 McKinley, his humble birthplace, his sturdy 
 ancestry, Scotch-Irish on his father's side, 
 English and Scotch on his mother's side, with 
 an admixture of German; paid tribute to 
 his devout Methodist parents and their am- 
 bition to have their boy become a minister 
 In that church; dwelt upon his career in the 
 Army, rising from a private to a major, his 
 work in Congress for fourteen years, as twice 
 Governor of Ohio, hie masterful guidance o! 
 the country as President, his help to dis- 
 tressed Cuba, and closed as follows: 
 
 "In analyzing the character of William 
 McKinley four elements stand out promi- 
 nently. The first is his personal integrity. 
 Character Is everything. Strength lies in 
 the intrinsic man. Personality is the con- 
 trolling force. 'The prophet Isaiah was phil- 
 osopher as well as patriot when he said of j 
 Judah its manhood was more precious than 
 Its gold. Sparta boasted a commonwealth 
 ■whose people rendered walls superfluous. 
 Goldsmith spoke the truth when he said that 
 It fared 111 with a land "where wealth ac- 
 cumulates, but men decay." An English 
 writer has told us that the richest heritage 
 America received from God was not a conti- 
 nent rich with undeveloped resources, but 
 her first hero. George Washington. The 
 strength of a republic does not rest upon 
 forests, farms or mines, but upon the ele- 
 mental manhood of its constituents.' The 
 best contribution of William McKinley to 
 America was his own personality. That he 
 was twice elected to the presidency was not 
 due to the confidence that the nation had in 
 his ability, great as it was, nor to its entire 
 sympathy with his aims, but more than all 
 else to the trust it reposed in him as a man. 
 •In him the elements of his character were so 
 Joined that his value was above all questions 
 of coinage and tariff, of export and import, 
 of trade and territorial expansion. Twice 
 was he subjected to the fierce light that 
 beats upon an executive career, but not by 
 the most bitter of his political opponents 
 was he ever charged with a dishonest act. 
 In his life there were no normal lapses to be 
 condoned, no doubtful financial transactions 
 to be explained, no divergence of public ad- 
 vocacy and private opinion to be justified." 
 The thirty years of his political life have 
 borne testimony to the purity of his aims 
 and the honor of his acts. However men 
 may differ about his political philosophy 
 there Is only one opinion about his personal 
 character — that commands universal respect. 
 
 "The second thing that stands out In his 
 life is his domestic fidelity. He was wor- 
 shiped by his mother, he was idolized by his 
 wife. The tenderness of his relations with 
 his aged mother, the gentleness and love 
 and devotion of his ministry to her In her 
 dying hours, won the heart of the nation. 
 One cannot well touch upon that which Is 
 In all our thoughts this morning — his con- 
 stant and loving attention to his delicate 
 lite companion. Every moment, aside from 
 his public duties, was given to her whom he 
 promised to love, cherish and protect. 
 'Neither duty, nor ambition, nor passion ever 
 alienated him from the wife of his youth. 
 The love which he early plighted In his 
 young bride never knew change or doubt or 
 decay.' Characteristically his first word after 
 he was shot was a prayer for his murderer; 
 his second a tender message to his invalid 
 wife. A new standard has been established 
 
 for American home life; American husband- 
 hood has been put on a higher plane by Pres- 
 ident McKlnley's love, devotion, fidelity and 
 unwearying attention to his invalid wife. 
 His love for his brother and his sisters, his 
 delight In having the voices with him in his 
 home, all reveal a home life that has fasci- 
 nated the thought and charmed the sentiment 
 of the world. 
 
 "The third thing in his life that stands 
 out conspicuously is his patriotic loyalty. 
 To dwell on that would be to review his 
 whole career. From the hour he shouldered 
 the musket as a private to the moment when 
 he was laid low by the assassin's bullet, his 
 Americanism rang true. He was an Ameri- 
 can in all his aspiration and looked to the 
 destiny and the influence of the United 
 States with the calm confidence of a Jeffer- 
 son or a John Adams. His administration 
 has been in line with his broad conceptions 
 and high ideals of American life. He was an 
 American. 
 
 "The fourth thing that stands out promi- 
 nently is his stea'ifast Christian faith. Per- 
 haps of all the men who have occupied tho 
 Presidential office William McKinley was 
 the most pronounced in his religious life. 
 He was a man of prayer. He believed in 
 the Bible and read it. He was a man of 
 the church, a communicant and an office 
 holder in the Methodist Episcopal Church. 
 The religious element in Mr. McKinley's 
 character was deep, earnest and sincere. 
 
 "Great in life, he was greater even in 
 death. He was a happy man on Friday. 
 September 6. In the morning he visited 
 N:as:ara. In tb*^ afternoon he was at the 
 Exposition to greet his fellow citizens. No 
 foreboding of evil haunted him. No sign of 
 danger clouded his sky. His terrible fate 
 was upon him in arr Instant. One moment 
 he stood erect, confident, exulting; the next 
 he lay wounded, bleeding, helpless. By 
 that wicked shot he was thrust at once from 
 the full tide of this world's interests into 
 the visible presence of death, and he did 
 not quail. With a prayer upon his lips for 
 the pardon of his assassin he was carried 
 iDto tho hospital. .\s he passed out of con- 
 sciousness, because of the opiate adminis- 
 tered prior to the operation, his physicians 
 saw his lips move, leaned over and heard 
 him repeat the prayer that expressed his 
 faith: 'Thy kingdom come. Thy will be 
 done on earth as It is In heaven.' He ral- 
 lied. There were hours and days of hope 
 during which the patient sufferer revealed 
 his thought and solicitude for others. But 
 the end drew near. He recognized its ap- 
 proach. Above the hiss of the assassin's 
 bullet, above the pleadings of a nation for 
 his life, he heard the voice of God. In sim- 
 ple resignation he bowed to the Divine de- 
 cree: 'It is God's way. His will be done." 
 And in the last moments of his conscious- 
 ness those about his bed heard his voice 
 repeat the familiar hymn that shall ever be 
 more sacred: 'Nearer. My God, to Thee," 
 and in a little while the great spirit of 
 William McKinley had passed from its tent 
 of clay into that building of God. that house 
 not made with hands, eternal in the 
 heavens." 
 
 THE GREAT SORROW. 
 
 ■WORDS BY THE RE'V. E. E. KNAPP. 
 A large audience gathered In the Central 
 Baptist Church In Adelphl street September 
 1.5 to hear the pastor, the Rev. Edward Ever- 
 ett Knapp. Before the sermon he pathetic- 
 ally pleaded for a divine blessing upon this 
 great nation, whose ruler had been so foully 
 stricken and taken away from us. For him 
 the cares of state and tho responsibilities 
 of his position had come to an end. With 
 It, the people, in their united grief, looked 
 above for divine help In this hour of their 
 trouble. He who had been content to do the 
 llttlp things as well as the great had passed 
 away to a career of glory, lasting honor and 
 eternal life. He also prayed earnestly for 
 the stricken widow, that she might he sus- 
 tained in her great grief; also that the in- 
 flamed passions of the people might be re- 
 strained at this critical time. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. Alexander Mc- 
 
 Gaffin. 
 A memorial service of the united congrega- 
 tions of the Church of the Pilgrims, the Re- 
 formed Church on the Heights, the First 
 and Second Presbyterian Churches, was held 
 In the Reformed Church Sunday morning, 
 September 15. The address was delivered by 
 the Rev. Alexander McGaffin. pastor of the 
 Second Presbyterian Church. He said; 
 
 "Christian men and women: In the provi- 
 dence of God we are here to-day burdened 
 with a great sorrow and In the presence of 
 what must be called, from our human point 
 of view, a great disaster. Officially, it is an 
 earth wide grief, and over land and sea the 
 governments of the world have bowed their 
 heads toward the home which holds the mor- 
 tal remains of our illustrious and beloved 
 dead, a sign of their lament tor him and 
 their respect tor the great republic of tho 
 West. Racially, it is an Anglo-Saxon griei; 
 and wherever the mother English tongue is 
 spoken and the virile English race has 
 camped, on mighty mainlands and storm 
 swept islands of the sea. where our own and 
 Britain's 'far flung battle line' extends and 
 the flags of the .\nglo-Saxon peoples wave 
 ■over palm or pine' in token of liberty and 
 peace, there will heart speak to heart of 
 those who own one blood, one language, one 
 history, one world duty, and thoughts of 
 love and sad regret turn toward the bier 
 where lies a great and noble chieftain of the 
 race. 
 
 "Nationally, it is a genuine, deep and uni- 
 versal grief, for In the presence of this great 
 calamity there is in this fair land to-day 
 no faction or section, no North or South, no 
 East or West, no Democrat or Republican, 
 no rich or poor, no capitalist or proletariat; 
 but one strong, united, stricken, indignant 
 citizenship, bound heart and soul by the 
 bonds of faith in the permanence of its gov- 
 ernment and of sorrowing respect for the 
 honored and murdered man of its own free 
 choice. 
 
 •individually, it is a personal grief, this 
 grief of ours to-day. Truly the treacherous 
 hand struck through our leader at us. at just 
 and stable government, at law and order 
 and peace. But collective citizenship, gov- 
 ernment, law and order are abstract things, 
 safe in the keeping of an Intelligent and 
 patriotic people. The blow aimed at these 
 by the powers of lawlessness and lust was 
 futile foily; and, though they never were 
 endangered, they are safer yet to-day in 
 the affections of an aroused and outraged 
 nation. But. alas, while law and order 
 reign on in our midst, and 'Ih^' government 
 at Washington still lives,' he has gone who 
 embodied all these things for us and stood 
 in our stead, by our hands ordained the 
 high priest of our political temple, to lead, 
 to endure, to suffer and. if need be. to die. 
 The hand that struck at him was false as 
 hell, but fatal as death. I have no tears to 
 shed over the attack of an insane pack of 
 lawless men upon the majority of govern- 
 ment and law. The majesty of government 
 is lost in exasperation, in pity and lovo 
 aroused by the pathetio spectacle of our 
 unoffending, highminded, humane yet mur- 
 dered, foully murdered, statesman and 
 President, a victim of the lawless 
 one's hatred of law and a sacrifice 
 upon the altar of the beauties of good 
 government and peace. No; I have no 
 tears to shed, no exasperation or horror to 
 express for anarchy's machinations against 
 the political and social fabric. A free and 
 enlightened people may be trusted to take 
 good care of both government and anarchy. 
 But I have deep sorrow in my heart for the 
 agony and death of one whose youth was 
 earnest and honest; who offered his life to hia 
 country upon the field of bloo<l; who served 
 long and faithfully in her state and national 
 Legislatures; who guided her with jealous 
 care and eager zeal to lead her straight 
 along the path of peace with honor of war In 
 necessity with Justice and humaneness 
 through hours of new opportunlUn* and r«- 
 
18 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 •ponsibilitieB most grave since Washington 
 gave her a name and 'Lincoln saved her m 
 her integrity from shame; who served his 
 generation to the satisfaction of the vast 
 majority of his countrymen and the admira- 
 tion of the civilized world; who was a friend 
 heloved, a husband both tender and true, and 
 yet was murdered in the hour of his achieve- 
 ment. He has gone. ■William McKinley, 
 President of these United States, gone when 
 we had come to believe that the skill of sci- 
 ence and the care of love would save him to 
 his people; gone from the midst of many na- 
 tions gathered in peaceful array to hear his 
 words and to toil together In those human 
 pursuits whose welfare ever held so large a 
 share of his thought and interest; gone with 
 the human word 'goodby.' and the divine 
 word 'God's will' upon his death-chilled lips; 
 gone to a nobler assemblage than any of earth 
 and to a greater reward than lay in the power 
 of any people to bestow upon him. The 
 country has lost a great citizen. Government 
 has lost a wise statesman. Religion has lost 
 a true friend and exemplar. The country will 
 enshrine him in its memory as a model of 
 citizenship; government will cherish him as 
 a martyr and religion will enroll him among 
 the great cloud of witnesses. No creed, no 
 party can claim the man from us. As an 
 American he belongs to us all without dis- 
 tinction of party; as a good man he belongs 
 to the church universal without distinction 
 of creed. 
 
 to be its vainglorious instrument. We shall 
 hope, too, that in the minds of the people 
 the presidential ofBce will be lifted to a 
 place of such honor and regard as will save 
 the man whom the people choose to fill it 
 from the hasty judgments and acrimonious 
 denunciations of the private citizen. But 
 after we have done all this and whatever 
 else is wise, we shall still be compelled to 
 leave our ruler in the hands of God and pray, 
 ■From wicked men and lawless acts, O, Lord, 
 deliver him.' We shall hope on and hope 
 ever that the benefits of good government, 
 the light of increasing knowledge and the 
 precepts of religion more and more com- 
 manding the affection and assent of the 
 whole people will prevent the desecration 
 of our political temple, will save us from a 
 repetition of the horror and grief of this 
 calamitous hour, and preserve us and our 
 rulers in prosperity and peace. May God 
 grant it, for His own name's sake. Amen." 
 
 A GOOD MAN. 
 
 "Here in this house of God we look not 
 so much at president and policy as at the 
 Christian gentleman whcee life story honors 
 God; and we take thought with ourselves 
 that at the last great, tremendous hour 
 ■which must come to us all it will not be 
 place or power, financial or intellectual might 
 which will make men sad when we are 
 gone or give us right to the company of the 
 Immortals, but goodness and faithfulness, 
 love and friendliness, the ability to look 
 the world with its richest rewards full eyed 
 In the face and say without fear of reproach. 
 as he did, 'Goodby,' and look heaven in the 
 face and say without fear of judgment, as he 
 did, 'God's will be done.' For the man who 
 can thus feel and speak death has no great 
 terror and judgment will bring no degrada- 
 tirn. However sudden may be the summons, 
 fidelity will leave us never unprepared; good- 
 ness not greatness, will make us ever ready. 
 May God sanctity this nation by this calamity. 
 May it breed in every heart an intenser love 
 of land and law and a deeper delight in the 
 great realities of character which make Will- 
 lam McKinley, though dead, speak more elo- 
 quently than ever he did by word to the 
 hearts of a grieved and indignant people. 
 
 "Concerning the direct and indirect authors 
 of this awful crime, the anarchist and an- 
 archism which have defiled our tree land, the 
 self restraint of our people and press in their 
 grief and horror is to be most highly com- 
 mended. We upholders of law and order, we 
 followers of the Crucified who said: 'Forgive 
 them, for they know not what they do,' we 
 ■will not become anarchists at heart and wish 
 that law had turned cr will turn from its pre- 
 scribed, stern and relentless course. We will 
 be no partv to any attack upon the orderly 
 processes of justice to thus change the crim- 
 inal to martyr and ourselves wreck the very 
 fabric at which the assassin struck. We can- 
 not avoid the presence of these vain, mis- 
 guided men in our midst, and we will not be 
 harried into hysterical efforts for their sup- 
 pression, which would give them an import- 
 ance and influence in our land unwarranted 
 by their po^sver and numbers. 
 
 "We shall hope hereafter that our presi- 
 dents shall not he unnecessarily democratic 
 during their official lite and will cease to 
 mingle with promiscuous crowds upon the 
 streets and station platforms; that reputa- 
 ble newspapers will see the grandeur of 
 the ofllce more and the supposed faults of 
 the man less, and in their references to him, 
 and his acts, will show that chaste restraint 
 and decent respect which become great 
 guides of public opinion. We shall hope 
 that disreputable newspapers will be pro- 
 hibited by law from cartooning, with shame- 
 less and conscious deceit, the chief magis- 
 trate of the nation, belittling him in the 
 eyes of the unthinking crowd and handing 
 him over to the hatred and violence of the 
 lawless and discontented minority, which 
 eaa ever find an empty-headed ooncelted fool 
 
 Sermon by the Eev. Robert E. Meredith, 
 D. D. 
 
 Services at the Tompkins Avenue Congre- 
 gational Church on September 15 were held 
 in the Sunday school room, as the main au- 
 dience room is undergoing repair and redec- 
 oration. The new pastor, the Rev. Dr. R. R. 
 Meredith, presided, and it was announced 
 that, in view of the calamity which had be- 
 fallen the nation, the regular services of the 
 morning would be changed somewhat to a 
 memorial. Dr. Meredith read the Xineteenth 
 Psalm, with a voice trembling with emo- 
 tion, and expressing his appreciation of Its 
 wonderful bearing on just such an over- 
 whelming sorrow as has enveloped the na- 
 tion. He then offered prayer, in which, after 
 an invocation to God, he said 
 
 ''Such an awful sorrow has come upon us. 
 God help us not to let the cloud hide the 
 sunshine of God's mercy in the past. Let 
 us try to remember how he has helped the 
 individual and the nation. We thank Thee, 
 O God, that the noblest and grandest men 
 that Thou didst ever make Thou hast given 
 to this land as its rulers. We thank Thee 
 for the wholesome and inspiring lessons of 
 their lives. We thank Thee especially for 
 the great and good man whose life has just 
 ended. The man who as such was greater 
 than the President; not that he was not a 
 good President, but, better than all that, he 
 was a good man. In the fierce white light 
 of publicity, we thank Thee that no stain 
 has been shown on either his private or his 
 public character. We thank Thee for the 
 work he has been enabled to do. Help us 
 to realize our own responsibility as citi- 
 zens: to remember that our personal 
 thoughts and acts are too often reflected in 
 the acts o£ others. Let each man accept , 
 his share of government and aid to make 
 the whole purer and better. Let us live as 
 our dead did, pure and clean lives before 
 God and man, and not be dominated by par- 
 tisanship when the county calls upon us 
 tor service. This nation bows before Thee 
 to-day. Yes, it docs. We are not cheering 
 tor our own prosperity. We bow our heads 
 in the dust. How bitterly we feel toward 
 the poor wretch who fired the fatal shot. 
 Have we done our duty? Have, we been 
 careful when the same disregard of law 
 touched the black man in the South, when 
 he was burned over a slow fire? When he 
 was deprived of his right to vote, given him 
 at the high day of power? We just looked on 
 because we did not personally suffer. What 
 a shame; What a shame! Have mercy on 
 us, oh. Lord. We pray for Thy blessing on 
 that family, so bereaved. Especially com- 
 fort and bless that invalid wife, who has so 
 strongly evidenced the constant and uncon- 
 qi,erable sympathy and helpfulness of wom- 
 an. Comfort her as only God can comfort 
 her. How tcnderlv she was nursed by him 
 who has gone. Bless the President. Help 
 him to bear up under the responsibility 
 which has been put upon him at the early 
 age of 43. Help him to feel that he has the 
 sympathy and support of the people. We 
 
 thank Thee for what he is in body and 
 mind and for his familiarity with public af- 
 fairs. Strengthen and guide him. Bring 
 to a better mind those who, coming from 
 lands where they have been oppressed and 
 have been perverted through their' degra- 
 dation. Lead them to know that in this 
 land they have the right of self-help and 
 uplifting. Hear us. we pray Thee, and bless 
 our present sorrow to our future good. 
 
 Dr Meredith then read I Corinthians xv, 
 referring to the Resurrection, and at its 
 close read the proclamation of President 
 Roosevelt concerning the death and the pur- 
 posed burial of the late President, closing 
 with the suggestions for funeral services in 
 all the places of divine worship next Thurs- 
 day morning. 
 
 "this proclamation." faid the doctor "is 
 all I shall read to you this morning. It la 
 full of sympathy and suggestion. It ex- 
 presses the sorrow that is in the hearts of 
 the people of this country at this time. But 
 it tells more. It says that our President is 
 not dead. As Garfield, the martyred one, 
 said in Wall street, when the news of Lin- 
 coln's assassination was announced there 
 'The Lord reigneth and the government at 
 Washington still lives.' This proclamation 
 settles for us the duty of the hour. Vie will 
 meet on Thursday in the main auditorium 
 land hold services appropriate to the day at 
 11 o'clock in the morning. I am not going 
 to preach any sermon to-day. It would be 
 as impossible for me to formulate the 
 thoughts that have been in my mind as if it 
 had been my own father who had died. If I 
 could preach I would ask no stronger text 
 than was on the lips of that noble man when 
 dying at the age of 58, with all his honors 
 t^ick upon him. Suddenly facing relentless 
 death, without a shade of pallor, he said 
 quietly, 'It is God's way; let His will be 
 done.' No higher, grander, true,- word is to 
 be said. This was divine wisdom. The Loia 
 is above death. Death is God's highway to 
 lite itself. Supposing that we knew nothing 
 of Mr. McKinley, but that deathbed scene, 
 how high must he our estimate of him. Re- 
 member that nothing was said there for the 
 public ear, though in these times the public 
 <'ets it To us. all this whole event is very 
 strange It is so mysterious and I am under 
 such a strain that I may say the wrong 
 thing now. I have spoken publicly concern- 
 ing the assassination of three presidents. 
 Bach was a man of the people and each gam- 
 ed his eminence by hard work. It is terrible 
 to think that McKinley should have fallen 
 bv the hands of one who thought he was 
 avenging the poor, when the man who was 
 shot exemplified in himself the possibility of 
 rising to higher conditions by honesty and 
 application. This is given to the hiimblest, 
 provided he has the raw material in him. 
 It's a shame that Mr. McKinley should have 
 suffered. He represented the very best ele- 
 ment that has come into power in the evolu- 
 tion of our country's history. He was -wise, 
 patient generous and loving. He was pat- 
 riotic and God-fearing. He had not sought 
 power by violence nor by trickery. There 
 I was no exercise of demagogery or the seek- 
 ing to set class against class. He wrought 
 with his hands in early life and his was the 
 honor of bringing the fnited States out of 
 nrovincialism into a stature of national 
 grandeur. His was a benignant policy, with 
 I personal quality that won the respect of 
 the world for his country. Just then tne 
 mirror iu which all this was reflected was 
 shattered by a dastard's hand/ Here the 
 speaker paused overcome by his emotions. 
 After a moment he resumed: 
 
 "I ; ike mv stand with Mr. McKinley. I'll 
 believe in a God. though I cannot always un- 
 derstand Him. The anarchist is an atheist. 
 The Lord is our dwelling place. Let us trust 
 Him." 
 
 The services were Interspersed with ap- 
 propriate music, under direction of W. O. 
 Wilkinson, organist, who opened the exer- 
 cises with Chopin's "Funeral March." Fred 
 Hoffman accompanying him on the violin. 
 B S. Swalm sang Tennyson's "Crossing the 
 Bar " and the hvmns chosen were "Yea, Tho 
 I AValk " bv the quartet. Miss Hildegarde 
 Hoffman, Miss Frida Olsen, George Jenkins 
 and E. S. Swalm, and "Asleep in Jesus, 
 sung by the congregation. 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 19 
 
 THE PRESIDENT'S LIFE. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. Thomas B. McLeod, 
 D. D. 
 
 Dr. Thomag B. McLcod, pastor of the Clin- 
 ton Avenue Congregational Churcln, wag In 
 his pulpit Sunday, September 15, for the first 
 time since vacation. Dr. McLeod, preceding 
 his sermon, read President Roosevelt's pro- 
 clamation, and commented upon it as follows; 
 
 "It is affecting and inspiring in this day 
 of our unmitigated grief, to see how our 
 new President recognizes and acknowledges 
 the great gifts and beautiful character of 
 his predecessor; recognizes and acknowledges 
 our God as King of this nation; recognizes 
 and acknowledges the efficacy of prayer, and 
 thus manifests the spirit of a true Christian." 
 
 Dr. McLeod then said the portion of Scrip- 
 ture to which he desired to call attention 
 was to be found in Matthew xxiv:44: "Be 
 ye also ready." Dr. McLeod emphasized in 
 a strong and practical sermon the need of 
 readiness, to have a quick eye and a quick 
 hand to see and to seize opportunity and a 
 power of adaptation to the circumstances 
 and situation which confront us. "It is not 
 enough," he said, "to be willing to do; but 
 we must be willing to do the thing most 
 needed to be done, the thing that lies to our 
 hand this hour. We are not to do as our 
 fathers did long ago, or by the methods 
 our fathers worked, but we are to be gov- 
 erned and animated by the spirit of our 
 fathers. There were found men to uproot 
 slavery, to emancipate the slave, to educate 
 and uplift the freemen, but I say it rever- 
 ently that there are some things which, if 
 not done to-day, cannot be done to-morrow, 
 either by God or man." 
 
 Dr. McLeod exhorted his hearers to be 
 ready for service, ready lor sacrifice, ready 
 for emergencies, ready for death, defining 
 what it means to be ready for death not as a 
 ceaseless looking into the future, which 
 would drive a nr.an crazy, but preparations, 
 going along with daily duties and prepared 
 to meet death calmly. Continuing, he said: 
 
 "While our hearts are all sad and sore to- 
 day as we are thinking of the great calamity 
 which has befallen this country in the re- 
 moval by violence of our beloved President, 
 there are many lessons we can take to our- 
 selves in the way he met and conquered the 
 trying things which arose during his admin- 
 istration. His integrity, his perfect right- 
 eousness, the beautiful home life of the man 
 whose career is so sadly ended will endure 
 In the mmd of every man and woman, hus- 
 band and wife in the land, but to me the 
 lesson of this man's life comes home in its 
 preparedness, his readiness to serve the 
 country in its legislative halls, on the battle 
 field, in the White House. Well did he serve 
 his country, leading people against the 
 money heresy, championing the people of 
 Cuba, Porto Rico, the Philippines, standing 
 In the breach whf>n the clamor of tongues 
 was in his ears, which would have caused 
 weaker men to withdraw. 
 
 "He believed in righteousness. Ho was will- 
 ing to do right. He was ready for sacrifice. 
 How great a sacrifice he has made, even life 
 Itself. He. was ready tor emergencies when 
 emergencies arose, ready for death when 
 death came. His remarkable administration 
 will go down in the annals of the nation. 
 When he discovered that he must go his final 
 words were, 'It is God's way; let God's will 
 be done.' The lessons of this great man's 
 life are his preparedness for duty, for serv- 
 ice, tor sacrifice, for emergencies, for death. 
 'Be ye also ready, for ye know not the day 
 nor the hour when the Son of Man cometh.' 
 
 "What means the sudden taking away of 
 this great man? He wag a personal friend 
 of every one of us, all loved him. Perhaps 
 we have been putting our trust in him, 
 trusting in princes instead of loving God. 
 Perhaps God is bringing the nation to its 
 knees. Whatever the reason, let us take the 
 event to heart. It may be that ns a people 
 wo have been too generous, translating lib- 
 erty into license, giving the aegis of the flag 
 of protection to men who deserve no protec- 
 tion. May be our politicians, through fear of 
 
 loss of personal preferment, have not been 
 brave enough to say to socialists, anarchists 
 and nihilists: "Thus far shall ye come and no 
 farther!' In this land of liberty there is no 
 room for the red hand of the assassin. It Is 
 time for us to awake to a renewed selt-e.\- 
 aminatlon and consecration to righteousness 
 and truth." 
 
 A VICARIOUS SACRIFICE. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. Otho F. Bartholow, 
 D. D. 
 
 Two large audiences listened on Sunday, 
 September 15, to strong sermons by the Rev. 
 Dr. O. F. Bartholow, pastor of Janes M. E. 
 Church, Rcid avenue and Monroe street. In 
 both sermons reference was made to the 
 death of Mr. McKinley, more especially in 
 the evening, when several times there were 
 loud sobs in the audience. Dr. Bartholow 
 preached from I Thessalonians v:10: "Who 
 died lor us." He said among other things: 
 
 "These words describe the measure of 
 God's love to us. Jesus Christ, His Son, died 
 for us. He in His death represented the 
 government, law and. heart of God. Jesus 
 Christ did nothing worthy of death. In- 
 deed, no fault was found in Him. Jesus Christ 
 did everything to endear Himself to the peo- 
 ple, everything of service and sacrifice. Yet 
 some among them were so blinded as to His 
 position that they slew Him. Jesus Christ 
 was brought to His death by the betrayal of 
 one nearest to Him — Judas kissed Him. All 
 this was vicarious sacrifice. It was endured 
 for others. He died for us. 
 
 "It is not sacrilege, but our highest glory, 
 to say that men and women, in this act or 
 that act, in this life or that life, were like 
 Christ. To-night we desire to draw a paral- 
 lel and deduce a lesson. William McKinley's 
 death comes to the American people, the 
 peoples of the earth, as something awful and 
 unspeakably terrible. It was no ordinary 
 violent death. It was in the fullest and 
 truest sense vicarious. He suffered for 
 others. William McKinley died because he 
 stood for government, law and order; in other 
 words, the people, for it is our government, 
 our law and order. 
 
 "William the Silent, Henry of Navarre. 
 Abraham Lincoln. Garfield, Humbert of Italy, 
 were assassinated for other reasons. The 
 bullet that all of us would have received, 
 the death that all of us would have died, 
 could those anarchists, monsters, have their 
 way, he received and he died. In this re- 
 spect the death of our loved President was 
 like Christ's — vicarious. William McKinley 
 In his death stood for the same rule our Sav- 
 iour stood for, a rule of service, brotherly 
 kindness, of thoughtful and helpful consid- 
 eration. No rulers of the earth now living, 
 none who have lived in the past, have so 
 stood. Kings and emperors rule by having 
 men wait on them and serve them. The 
 greater the number serving the greater the 
 king. 
 
 "McKinley stood for this: 'But whosoever 
 will be great among you, let him be your 
 minister; whosoever will be chief among you, 
 let him be your servant.' Even this intimate 
 relation of our President as servant became 
 an element In his undoing. The assassin ap- 
 proached him as a friend. He came, as 
 others, with this attitude, 'He Is my Presi- 
 dent." Drawing still closer to the personal- 
 ity of the President, his analogies *o his 
 Saviour grow strong. His compassion for the 
 wretched, wicked man who shot him. a com- 
 passion of word and look, like Christ with 
 Judas and Peter; his care for his dear one, 
 the darling of his earthly life— his wife- 
 was like Christ's toward His mother. In her 
 commitment to John; his words of prayer 
 and faith. 'Nearer, My God, to Thee,' 'His 
 will, not ours, be done,' arc Chrlstllke. 
 
 '"There are lessons of Import to bo drawn 
 from William McKinley's death. We must 
 siand for law, government, order. The lack 
 of the enforcement of law works Infinite 
 harm. Anarchy, license, passion, have no 
 place among us. We must servo the state, 
 live for the people. Discriminations, clear 
 and abiding, must be made between liberty 
 and license." . _ .. . 
 
 A LESSON TO BE LEARNED. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. E. P. lugersoll, 
 D. D. 
 
 An eloquent tribute to the life and char- 
 acter of the dead President was paid Sunday 
 morning, September 15, by the Rev. Dr. Ed- 
 ward Payson Ingersoll, pastor of Immanuel 
 Congregational Church. He took his text 
 from II Samuel iii:38; "Know ye not that 
 there is a prince and a good man fallen this 
 day in Israel?" Dr. Ingersoll said: 
 
 "Within a generation three of our Presi- 
 dents have been martyred. Reverent men 
 were they and true to their great trust. 
 The third has just fallen and the nation — 
 the civilized world — are in mourning. Strick- 
 en down by -the assassin's bullet, the first 
 thought and utterance of President McKin- 
 ley was of tender anxiety for his wife, and 
 his second one of shield for the ruffian who 
 shot him. As the days went by and science, 
 with all its modern skill and gentleness, was 
 bending over the sufferer for his help, this 
 prince among men had accepted the contest 
 with heroic spirit, just as a good soldier 
 goes into battle — seU"-£orgetfuI. Day before • 
 yesterday science, which had stopped the 
 funeral march of dissolution, gave its final 
 help that he might breathe his goodbys. 
 Tenderly, lovingly, the brave woman, who 
 has shared his hopes and toils and honors, 
 bent over him, receiving and giving the last 
 tokens and words of earthly farewell. Sacred 
 the love that blends the hearts of a true 
 man and a true woman! Then came the other 
 farewells. History gives no sweeter, grand- 
 er departure. To God he murmured in prayer; 
 'Thy will be done." And then slowly whis- 
 pered, ' "Nearer, My God, to Thee," is my 
 constant prayer.' His last words, 'It Is 
 God's way! Goodby. all, goodby.' It was an 
 apotheosis. Christian, not pagan. He was 
 glorified — not deified. 
 
 "The hush of the Lord's Day is upon us. 
 We have not come as an Easter Morn for our 
 joyful aspirations heavenward are clouded 
 with gloom and smitten with sorrow. 
 Throughout our land, in unwonted numbers, 
 the people have gone and are going up to 
 the sanctuary with a reverent hope for light 
 and comfort. The press has spoken like 
 messengers from Heaven; rising to a degree 
 of vision and prophecy, of counsel and com- 
 fort, that has never been surpassed. Most 
 grandly and brightly they are cheering us to 
 the struggle for peaceful and enduring lib- 
 erty. Staggered, they have not fallen; 
 stricken with grief, these 'bright warders of 
 the land' have used their tears as lenses 
 with which to bring nearer 'the promised 
 day.' In this they have caught the spirit of 
 our martyred President. 
 
 "To-day It is the turn of the pulpit to 
 speak. We ought, perhaps, to take in more 
 distinctly the divine— the Christian bearing 
 of this terrible calamity. We are permitted 
 also to emphasize some of the practical ques- 
 tions which belong to a noble national life, 
 but so penetrated have the leaders of thought 
 become with Christian Ideals and principles 
 that, almost to a man, when disaster or trou- 
 bles 'come In like a flood" they rise to th» 
 thought and plea of the gospel minister. So 
 should it be. So in holy league with all 
 gospel preachers, freed from party and com- 
 mercialism, may It ever be with the press of 
 our land. 
 
 "William McKinley was a descendant ot 
 toilers— hand toilers. Like Lincoln and Gar- 
 field, his was the birthright not of wealth 
 and ease, but of struggle. His heirloom was 
 a chance to earn his way to Influence and 
 honor. Why should a hand toller shoot him? 
 Had he dishonored the ranks from which he 
 came? By word, deed or spirit had he ever 
 pushed them down or disdained them? He 
 was never boisterous in his party life. Sin- 
 cere, he wag urgent, diligent, but always fair 
 and candid. These qualities won for him ad- 
 vancement and renown. The higher he rose 
 in positions of trust the clearer it became 
 that he was equal to the trust, for every ad- 
 vancement in princely position revealed more 
 clearly the great man, 'great man that has 
 
«0 
 
 THE MC KIXLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 fallen this day in Israel.' It was not the 
 qualities of manhood which brought his 
 death, for we have never had a Chief Magis- 
 Irate who was more careful, generous and 
 kindly. 
 
 "Alas! alas! the mistake of our nation! 
 Some from an unwise philanthropy, many be- 
 cause of a carelessness which comes from in- 
 dolence and indifference, multitudes from a ^ 
 blind eagerness for low wages and so of gain. | 
 but a large number under the lash and heat 
 of party, have continued to throw wide our 
 gates, chanting. 'We have room for all crea- 
 tion, don't feel alarmed.' China must stay 
 out and physical lepers must stay out. but 
 moral lepers, the depraved and offscouring of 
 many lands, hated, despised, feared in their 
 native land, have stealthily crept in upon us 
 to degenerate our nation. Some of them are i 
 brainy, but denying God and hating all hu- 
 man restraint. Social and moral Influences 
 have failed. Is it not possible for us to 
 frame and excute laws for our self-preserva- 
 tion? Let us screw our courage to the 
 sticking place, guard our gates, make It 
 treason to seek the life of our rulers. This 
 enough? No! More diligently let us insist 
 upon moral as well as intellectual educa- 
 tion. 'That our sons may be as plants 
 grown up in their youth, and our daughters 
 as corner stones polished after the simili- 
 tude of a palace." 'Eternal vigilance is the 
 price of liberty." 
 
 "Is there involved In this tragedy a great 
 nnderlying principle, sometimes the only 
 thing to which our sluggish human nature 
 will arise and bow? Yesterday I met a 
 prominent banker of this city, who said to 
 me; 'It Is awful, awful!' and then tears came 
 to his eyes and his utterance was choked. 
 Presently he added in slow and serious tone, 
 'but I have been thinking that there are 
 times when nothing but such a calamity as 
 this will awaken us. Somebody we love and 
 honor has to be sacrificed.' A grand, un- 
 selfish life has our departed chief led. Will 
 his 'taking off' help us more than his life 
 here? Lincoln's did. The assassination of 
 William of Orange exalted and cemented the 
 patriotism of the Netherlands. May it not 
 be a lesson in that profoundest and most 
 glorious fact of our Christianity. 'Christ died 
 to make men free.' Ah! It ought not to 
 have been. It need not have been if we had 
 'come unto a perfect man. unto the measure 
 of the stature of the fulness of Christ.' May 
 Williara McKinley live, not chiefly in his- 
 tory, but as a vital force in the spirit and 
 alms of all the people. May his exalted and 
 pure faith, his sublime devotion — home and 
 national— pass like particles of iron into the 
 blood of our higher lite! 
 
 "Does not that thought suggest Immortal- 
 ity? Shall an influence last longer than the 
 character which has given it? Shall a sig- 
 nature endure longer than the mind and 
 heart which prompted it? His bodily life 
 ■was well nigh gone, but the last words of 
 our statesman, hero, brother, were as bal- 
 arced and loving as if he had been saying a 
 ■good night.' He believed that 'his mortalltv 
 was to be swallowed up of life." That faith 
 made his character and shaped his conduct. 
 Because of the power that came from it we 
 mourn for him, we honor his memory. The 
 hope in which he lived and died is not worn 
 out. We need no new gospel. 'The word of 
 the Lord abideth forever." It sweeps the 
 horizon of time and of eternity. It stimu- 
 lates, It cheers, it exalts, it purifies. Let us 
 learn well the lesson of his life. It is a call 
 to his countrymen, to the world, for a con- 
 •ecrated living. Consecrated not to pleasure, 
 or ambition, or gold or any success below 
 the stars. God does not brew a storm to 
 waft a feather. He does not lash the ccean 
 to drown a fly — neither does He stir the emo- 
 tions and unselfish thoughts of a great na- 
 tion simply to swell our hearts with grief. 
 What He says to us now Is well understood. 
 Let us put it into lasting life. 
 
 "Twice In the life of William McKinler he 
 swept back the tide of a national conven- 
 tion that seemed ready to nominate him for 
 the presidency. His honor held him to an- 
 other course. Plighted faith was to him a 
 eacred thing. Afterward, twice, the nation 
 bestowed its highest honors upon him. 
 
 "There comes one to the presidency now 
 Who sought In vain to stay the strong tide 
 Uiat was bearing him on to the vice presi- 
 
 dency. In the prime of a balanced man- 
 hood, tested and proved by experiences that 
 have revealed as they have exalted his man- 
 hood: meeting the larger duties and emer- 
 gencies of his higher trusts with as clear 
 \ ision and as consecrated decision as he met 
 the lower, Theodore Roosevelt, soldier, 
 statesman, patriot, husband, father, an exem- 
 plar of religion, with an abiding trust in the 
 divine purpose and destiny of our nation, is 
 now our President. We will give him our 
 confidence. We believe he will be as obedient 
 to the heavenly vision as was Alfred the 
 Great, William of Orange. Lincoln and Mc- 
 Kinley. 'Long live the President!' 'God save 
 the state!" 
 
 "As the solemn obsequies of the week come 
 let us not forget to pray for the bravo 
 woman who shared the life and love of the 
 great man who has fallen. We are called to 
 prayer as well as tears. And for our na- 
 tion, which God planted and has protected 
 and guided, lee us send up our petition." 
 
 TO HIS MEMORY. 
 
 Poem by the Rev. D. H. Overton. 
 
 The Rev. Daniel H.Overton, pastor of Greene 
 Avenue Presbyterian Church, was to have 
 have preached Sunday evening, September 15, 
 on "What Hinders," but owing to President 
 McKinley's death he changed his subject to 
 "The Will of God and the President's Death." 
 In the course of the sermon he read an orig- 
 inal poem, as follows: 
 
 A NATION WEEPS. 
 
 A nation weeps — a hush is on the world. 
 One of the nation's noblest sons has passed 
 Within the vail of sight and sense into 
 The great Beyond. The fatal shot fired by 
 A felon's hand has done its awful work 
 An6 doomed the great man to untimely death. 
 Neither the surgeons' skill nor countless 
 
 prayers 
 Of a united people — aye, of all 
 The praying world — have been enough to hold 
 Our hero with us for a longer time. 
 And for a finished work as President. 
 
 Hope rose almost to certainty during 
 The waiting week, only to sink again 
 Into despair and doubt at the week's close. 
 Now death has come — has come to one who 
 
 knew 
 No fear of death, but even when death's 
 
 mark 
 Was on him could with resignation and 
 With resolution say: "Goodby, goodby; 
 It is God's way. His will be done." 
 "It is God's way; His will be done" — we 
 
 should 
 Rejoice that those strong words were last 
 
 upon 
 His lips. They lift the nation up to God 
 In this sad hour of tragedy and loss. 
 And make it easier for us all to speak 
 The words thafillnk such awful acts some- 
 how 
 To God's economy and to His plans 
 And overruling purposes. 
 
 We had the rather say, "A demon did 
 The deed— a fiend Incarnate in the form 
 Of man— an act as far removed from plan 
 Of God as lowest hell from highest heaven." 
 This, too. Is true. We cannot understand. 
 We face anew the ancient mystery. 
 More fiendish act was never done than this, 
 Nor deed more worthy of a nation's wrath. 
 More wicked hands were never laid upon 
 The sovereign choice of people brave and 
 
 free. 
 And yet, upon the other hand. God rules. 
 And overrules even these fiendish acts 
 Of man to work His sovereign will. 
 
 So may the last words of our Presilent 
 Enable us to say with him in faith: 
 "It is God's way; His will be done." 
 
 But what a heavy loss has come to this 
 Gieat land of ours! How steady was his 
 
 hand 
 Upon the helm of state; and with what care 
 And wisdom did he guide the nation through 
 The trying hours of war. and in the way 
 Oi peace, into the port Prosperity. 
 
 .\nd what a mighty man he was! As true 
 As steel, as strong as iron, as constant 
 As the northern star to right and to 
 The cause of righteousness in state 
 Or individual life. 
 
 We place him in the ranks with Washington 
 And Lincoln, confident he'll hold that place 
 Secure in after years when the full light 
 Of history shines upon his great career, 
 And to the homes of this fair land what 
 
 sweet. 
 True lessons has he taught, of faithfulness 
 And love, and fond devotion to a wife 
 Who in her ills has needed all his strength 
 Of sympathy and watchful, loving care. 
 But more. The nation mourns a Christian 
 
 man — 
 A man who in his daily life and work 
 Did not forget relationship to God; 
 Nor cease to pray that ruling over men 
 He might himself be ruled by God; and that 
 He might become a servant oi God's sons. 
 Who. like His Son, ruled best by serving 
 
 most. 
 
 God bless this nation as she sadly weeps 
 And help iier through her tears to say. 
 In words that hence will be immortalized: 
 "It is God's way; His will be done." 
 
 A LOYAL, DEVOTED MAN. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. Henry C. Swentzel, 
 D. D. 
 
 In St. Luke's Church, Clinton street, near 
 Fulton, on Sunday, September 15. the rector. 
 Rev. Dr. Henry C. Swentzel. preached on the 
 death of Mr. McKinley and paid the dead 
 President an earnest tribute. He took his 
 text from Joshua xxiii:10-ll, "One man of 
 you shall chase a thousand, for the Lord 
 your God he it is that fighteth for you as 
 he hath promised you; take good heed there- 
 fore unto yourselves that ye love the Lord 
 your God." Among other things Dr. Swentzel 
 said: 
 
 "The exploits of Joshua were renowned in 
 Hebrew story. On the day of his death, he 
 pronounced a valedictory address In which 
 he set forth ideas and principles which are 
 true forever, and which deserve to be recog- 
 nized by publicists and citizens as sound doc- 
 trine for individuals and for the body politic. 
 Only the supremacy of righteousness can ex- 
 alt a people. In the midst of o«r national 
 grief, this is one of the towering lessons of 
 the hour. An Inexpressible comfort Is to 
 remember that our Illustrious dead was, 
 first of all. a man good, conscientious, gen- 
 erous, loyally devoted to the behests of 
 whatever he believed to be his duty. Some- 
 how the many believed in him. He inspired 
 both confidence and affection. With pardos^ 
 able pride we point to him as one of the very 
 finest products of American Institutions. 
 Although he met the ordeal of two presi- 
 dential campaigns, he emerged from the 
 test without a scar or even the odor of the 
 struggles. His Integrity was appreciated the 
 world round. His keen perceptions discov- 
 ered the splendid doctrine that the sources 
 of strength for our beloved country reside 
 in things which are holy and divine. He 
 had learned that the key to our national prob- 
 lems, and he knew them to be grave and co- 
 lossal — is to he found In the Eoverelgnty ot 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 21 
 
 faith in the Kiug of Kings and Lord of 
 Lords which animated those who founded 
 this republic and achieved its independence. 
 Happily, this faith has been shared by the 
 famous succession of our noble line of Pres- 
 idents, from the immortal Washington all 
 the way don-n, thank God. to him who only 
 yesterday took the oath of office and assum- 
 ed the seat of authority in obedience to the 
 Constitution. 
 
 "The lamented McKinley was an eloquent 
 exponent of all that is best in the United 
 States. He was a model husband, a genial 
 friend, a patriotic citizen and a faithful pub- 
 lic servant. The time was when he was 
 known as a politician, though he was that 
 only in the higher sense of the term; but 
 when he w-as elevated to the presidency he 
 at once became a statesman, and his splen- 
 did ideal was to be the chief magistrate, not 
 of a political party nor a geographical sec- 
 tion, but of the whole country. North, South, 
 East and West. He was not spoiled by tho 
 honors and dignities of his official station. 
 The pomp of circumstance and the parapher- 
 nalia of power only accentuated and devel- \ 
 oped the religious conceptions which he car- j 
 ried with him when he first took his abode 
 in the e.xecutive mansion in the .\merican i 
 capital. When men ask whether or not the i 
 influence of religion is on the wane, he him- 
 self returns the answer, for when The first [ 
 man in the land went to his death, he mur- j 
 mured the words of a devout Christian hymn, ; 
 and he sought to comfort the grief of his 
 heal t':r:;--ea vife and his sobbi'ii; friends 
 by saying: 'It is God's way; His will be 
 done.' 
 
 "The pure gold goodness of such a man may 
 well be e.xtolled. His memory should be 
 cherished as a part of our rich national heri- 
 tage. He deserves a panegyric consonant ; 
 with the high place which will be assigned 
 to him in tie annals of our countrj'- But 
 even more sacred than the magnificent me- 
 morial which he merits are the foundation 
 truths which he held dear, both because they i 
 are of God and also oecause I hey are the j 
 hope of the republic and the surety of its \ 
 destiny. Not our well drilled and courageous 
 soldieir; not our navies floating majestically 
 over every sea; not our rapid firing gun; and 
 smokeless powder; not our inexhaustible 
 mines of coal and iron and silver and gold; i 
 not our countless acres, teeming with abund- 
 ant harvests: not the hum of machinery in I 
 the busy mills nor the enterprise and hurry 
 of the marts of trade and commerce; not ' 
 schools and universities and libraries, but i 
 the teachings and sanctions of religion make 
 the most efficient force for the battles of 
 progress and the victories of peace. The 
 ethical fiber of the people is the factor of 
 largest moment. The eternal Son of Man 
 blesses the home, the state and the church. 
 He teaches righteousness and industry; He 
 Inculcates the virtues and habitudes and am- 
 bitions which make the noblest people and 
 the best history; and He Inspires the rule of 
 traternity and the expansion of democracy." 
 
 GOD AND THE NATION. 
 
 Sermon by the Rev. S. GiflEard Nelson, 
 Ph. D. 
 
 In the Baptist Church of the Redeemer, 
 on Sunday morning, September ITi. the Rev. 
 Dr. S. Qitfard Nelson preached on "Creation's 
 God Our Confidence and Stay," from Jere- 
 miah, 32:17: "Ah, Lord God! behold Thou hast 
 made the heaven and the earth by Thy great 
 power and Thy stretched out arm; and there 
 is nothing too hard for Thee." In the course 
 of his sermon he said; 
 
 "God is the confidence of our land in this 
 hour. A dark pall has overspread it as the 
 summer wanes. A prince and a great man 
 has fallen in Israel. The foremost man of 
 the land and the nation's chief magistrate 
 has become a victim to the mad villainy 
 of a degenerate creature to whom the coun- 
 try had given asylum. It is a time that 
 calls for the ascendancy of calm faith and 
 sober judgment. Anger and passion are dis- 
 tinctive of the barbarian. Thank God, ex- 
 hibitions of it on the part of any consider- 
 able number of our citizens are rare indeed. 
 Let us rather be admonished by this terrible 
 tragedy, and, with what fortitude we can, 
 inquire its significance. It proclaims the 
 disquieting fact that so long as there is 
 one ignorant, stealthy assassin abroad the 
 life of no public man Is safe. It is dreadful 
 to think what one loathsome, degraded 
 wretch may do. He may be so mean and 
 vile that his breath itself would be contami- 
 nation, and yet he may shake for a moment 
 ihe fabric of government, strike down its 
 head and plunge civilization in mourning. 
 The worst human reptile is thus potent for 
 illimitable mischief and disaster. Unhappily 
 we have too many such. Not many, let us 
 hope, who would imitate the dastardly as- 
 sassin who slew our President; but too many 
 who have lilted their voices against law and 
 order, who scoff at courts and magistrates, 
 who are anarchists in fact if not in name, 
 who are destitute of the spirit of reverence, 
 and who would invert the social relations 
 and destroy the fundamental conditions on 
 which stable governments have rested from 
 the beginning. 
 
 "Realizing what even one of the worst 
 of them is capable of, the question is. What 
 is to be done with them? The problem 
 concerns the whole people, but most of all 
 does it concern the church. And why? 
 Let us remember that the slayer of the 
 President was not actuated by an Idea. 
 The hybrid thoughts that entered that vac- 
 uous brain could not possibly be spoken of 
 as ideas. He was actuated by an emotion — 
 hate. And against this education is no 
 safeguard. Education can accomplish mujh, 
 but U cannot and does not go Into tho In- 
 
 terior of man's being and tame his ma- 
 lignant nature. There are educated men In 
 plenty who are the victims of their own 
 passions. The only thing that can change 
 the heart is the grace of Him who mads 
 the heaven and the earth by His great pow- 
 er. Hence the call which this event makes 
 upon the church tor the evangelization »t 
 the debased within our borders." 
 
 MESSAGE FROM DR. LINDSAY 
 PARKER. 
 
 St. Peter's P. E. Church held a service Sun- 
 day, September 15, In honor of the dead Presi- 
 dent. The sermon was preached by the as- 
 sistant minister, the Rev. Percy T. Olton, 
 from the words, "Thy will be done." Th» 
 rector, the Rev. Dr. Lindsay Parker, sent a 
 message from his country home and the au- 
 dience stood while It was read by Mr. Olton. 
 It is as follows: 
 
 "My beloved people: We bow together to- 
 day in mingled grief and horror that our God 
 fearing, noble and patriotic President haa 
 perished by the hand of the assassin. Our 
 hearts go out in deepest sympathy to the fraU 
 and desolate widow of him who was ever lov- 
 ing and tender; and we hereby solemni? 
 pledge ourselves before the God of nations to 
 do our part as citizens of thie great Reptibllo 
 to root out the crime and curse which haa 
 brought this awful bereavement upon us; and 
 to secure legislation that will make attempts 
 upon the lite of our chief magistrate high 
 treason and punishable by extreme penalty. I 
 call upon you one and all to attend the me- 
 morial service next Sunday morning. 
 
 "LINDSAY PARKHB." 
 
 SERVICE IN GRACE CHURCH. 
 
 The pulpit and lectern of Grace Church on 
 the Heights Sunday, September 15, were draped 
 with national flags bordered with crape in 
 mourning for the death of the late President 
 McKinley. The Rev. Paul F. Swett, the cu- 
 rate, officiated at the services, in the absenc* 
 of the rector, the Rev. Dr. Frederick Burgesa. 
 Mr. Swett spoke of the cruel ending of Pres- 
 ident McKlnley's lite and the national Im- 
 pulse among the people to execute summary 
 vengeance upon his murderer, but said that 
 it will be tar better from every point of view 
 that the criminal should have a legal convlO" 
 tion and execution. Mr. Swett had omittea 
 at Its usual place the prayer for the Presi- 
 dent of the United States and said that h« 
 had done so because of his sense of the great 
 responsibilities of the office and he desired 
 the congregation to Join with him later in 
 that prayer with more than its accustomad 
 earnestness. 
 
THE MC KINLEY 5IEM0RIAL, 
 
Fumtal Sttyiccs, 
 
 RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCES IN BTIFFALO, WASHINGTON AND CANTON. 
 
 The funeral of William McKinley began at 
 Buffalo on Sunday, September 15, and ended 
 the following Thursday afternoon with the 
 interment in the cemetery at Canton. From 
 beginning to end, the funeral was remark- 
 able for its lack of studied pomp. The sin- 
 cere grief of the people on the route of the 
 funeral train was far more significant than 
 any dazzling display of military could have 
 been, and the desire of thousands to take a 
 last look at the face of the departed Presi- 
 dent was perhaps the most striking tribute 
 of all. 
 
 On Sunday, after a brief religious service 
 at the home of John G. Milburn on Delaware 
 avenue, Buffalo, which was attended by the 
 newly inaugurated President Roosevelt, 
 members of the Cabinet and personal friends, 
 the body of President McKinley was taken 
 to the City Hall, where it lay in state until 
 10:30 P. M. It remained at the City Hail 
 over night, and it is estimated that before 
 the doors were closed to the people between 
 75,000 and 100,000 passed sorrowfully iy the 
 casket. ^ 
 
 At S;30 o'clock on Monday morning, the 
 funeral train started from Buffalo for Vv'ash- 
 ington, where the state funeral was held on 
 Tuesday. The progress of the train, in the 
 tew states traversed was through avenues of 
 bared heads at every village, town and city. 
 In the make-up of the train were some of 
 the same cars which had conveyed Presi- 
 dent and Mrs. McKinley through the Wesil 
 last spring, when state after state greeted 
 the Chief Executive and his party with the 
 most unbounded enthusiasm. Arriving at 
 the capital city late at night, the body was 
 slowly carried to its resting place. A dismal 
 rain made the hour of coming doubly dreary 
 and among the crowds, gathered at the curb, 
 scarcely a whisper arose. 
 
 On Tuesday the body of the martyred 
 President reposed in the rotunda of the great 
 Capitol. There, as at Buffalo, thousands of 
 people pressed eagerly forward to gaze for 
 the last time upon the lace of William Mc- 
 Kinley. As on thq night before, the crowds 
 in the streets were hushed and all Wash- 
 ington was black with mourning. The pro- 
 found silence of the dense multitude was the. 
 most striking and Impressive feature of the 
 movement of the funeral line from the White 
 House to the Capitol. The notes of a bugle 
 rang out and from the While House, a corps 
 of Army and Navy officers moved out into 
 the driveway. At the same instant the pall- 
 bearers Issued from the wide doors of the 
 executive mansion, bearing the casket. As 
 the first of the bearers appeared, the full 
 Marine band, stationed on Pennsylvania ave- 
 nue, played softly the opening bars of 
 
 "Nearer, My God, to Thee," and with the 
 notes of the late President's favorite hymn 
 floating on the still air, many were unable 
 to keep back the tears. 
 
 The funeral services at the Capitol were 
 simple and beautiful. They were of the form 
 prescribed by the Methodist Church, and 
 consisted of two hymns, a prayer, an ad- 
 dress and a benediction. When the noise oc- 
 casioned by the seating of late comers had 
 ceased, a hush fell upon the people and then 
 the choir sang softly. "Lead. Kindly Light," 
 Newman's inspiring anthem, while every one 
 stood. At the conclusion of the hymn the 
 Rev. Henry R. Naylor. presiding elder of 
 the Washington M. E. Church, delivered the 
 following invocation, the distinguished com- 
 pany listening with bowed heads: 
 
 Prayer by the Eev. Henry R. Naylor. 
 
 "0, Lord God, our Heavenly Father, a be- 
 reaved nation cometh to Thee in its deep 
 sorrow. To whom can we go in such an hour 
 as this but unto Thee? Thou only art able 
 to comfort and support the afflicted. 
 
 "Death strikes down the tallest and best 
 of men, and coasequeut changes are contin- 
 ually occurring among nations and communi- 
 ties. But we have been taught that Thou art 
 the same, .yesterday, to-day and forever; that 
 with Thee there is no variableness nor the 
 least shadow of turning. So, in the midst of 
 our grief, we turn to Thee for help. 
 
 "We thank Thee, O Lord, that years ago 
 Thou didst give to this nation a man whose 
 loss we mourn to-day. 
 
 "We thank Thee for the pure and unselfish 
 life he was enabled to live in the midst of 
 so eventful an experience. 
 
 "We thank Thee for the faithful and dis- 
 tinguished services which he was enabled to 
 render to Thee, to our country and to the 
 world. 
 
 "We bless Thee for such a citizen, for such 
 a law-maker, for such a governor, for such 
 a President, tor such a husband, for such a 
 Christian example and for a friend. 
 
 "But, O Lord, we deplore our loss to-day; 
 sincerely implore Thy sanctifying benedic- 
 tion. We pray Thee for that dear one who 
 has been walking by bis side through the 
 years, sharing his triumphs and part:iking 
 of his sorrows. Give to her all needed sus- 
 tenance, and the comfort her stricken heart 
 so greatly craves. And under t-ic shadow 
 of this great calamity may she learn as never 
 before the Fatherhood of God aud the match- 
 less character of His sustaining grace. 
 
 ■'.\nd. O Lord, we sincerely pray for him 
 upon whom the mantle of presidential au- 
 thority has so suddenly and unexpectedly 
 fallen. Help him to walk worthy the high 
 vocation wherewith he has been called. He 
 needs Thy guiding hand and Thine inspiring 
 spirit continually. May he always present 
 to the nation and to the world divinely il- 
 lumined judgment, a brave heart and an un- 
 sullied character. „ , , 
 
 "Hear our prayer. O Lord, for the official 
 family of the administration; those men who 
 are associated with Thy servant, the Presi- 
 
 dent, in the administration of affairs of gor- 
 ernment. Guide them In all their delibera- 
 tions to the nation's welfare and the glory 
 of God. 
 
 "And now. Lord, we humbly pray for Thy 
 blessing and consolation to come to all the 
 people of our land and nation. Forgive our 
 past shortcomings; our sins of omission as 
 well as our sins of commission. 
 
 "Help us to make the Golden Rule the 
 standard of our lives, that we may 'do unto 
 others as we would have them do unto us.' 
 and thus become, indeed, a people whose God 
 is the Lord. 
 
 "These things we humbly ask In the nam* 
 of Him who taught us. when we pray, to say: 
 'Our Father, which art in heaven, hallowed 
 bo Thy name; Thy kingdom come; Thy will 
 bo done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us 
 this day our daily bread, and forgive us our 
 trespasses as we forgive them that trespass 
 against us. And lead us not into temptation, 
 but deliver us from evil; for Thine is the 
 kingdom and the power and the glory for- 
 ever. Amen." 
 
 As the pastor ceased, the voices of the 
 choir again arose and the rich, pure soprano 
 notes of .Mrs. Thomas C. Noyes led the hymn 
 "Sometime We'll Understand." At the con- 
 clusion of the hymn Bishop Edward G. An- 
 drews of the Methodist Episcopal Church de- 
 livered the funeral oration. He stood at the 
 head of the casket and spoke in sympathetlo 
 voice and with many evidences of deep emo- 
 tion. The President had been his life long 
 friend. 
 
 Bishop Andrews' Funeral Oration. 
 
 Bishop Andrews said: 
 
 "Blessed be the God and Father of our 
 Lord, who of His abundant mercy hath be- 
 gotten us again unto a lively hope of the res- 
 urrection of Christ from the dead to an in- 
 heritance uncorruptible, undefiled and that 
 fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for us 
 V ho are now. by the power of God through 
 faith unto salvation, ready to be revealed in 
 the last time. 
 
 "The services for the dead are fitly and 
 almost of necessity services of religion and 
 0^ immortal hope. In the presence of the 
 shroud and the coffin and the narrow home, 
 questions concerning Intellectual quality, 
 concerning public station, concerning great 
 achievements, sink into comparative Insig- 
 nificance, and questions concerning character 
 and man's relation to the Lord and giver of 
 life— even the lite eternal— emerge to our 
 view and Impress themselves upon us. 
 
 "Character abides. We bring nothing Into 
 this world: we can carry nothing out. Wo 
 ourselves depart with all the accumulations 
 of tendency and habit and quality which the 
 years have given to us. We ask, therefore, 
 even at the grave of the Illustrious, not alto- 
 gether what great achievement they had per- 
 formed, and how they had commended them- 
 selves to the memory and affection or respect 
 of the world, but chiefly of what sort they 
 were; what the interior nature of the man 
 was; what were his afilnlties. Were they 
 with the sTOod, the true, the noble? What 
 his relation to the infinite Lord of the Uni- 
 verse and to the compassionate Saviour o{ 
 
24 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 mankind; what his fitness for that great 
 hereafter to which he had passed. 
 
 "And such great questions come to tis with 
 moment, even in the hour when we gather 
 around the bier of those whom we pro- 
 foundly respect and eulogize and whom we 
 tenderly love. In the years to come, the 
 days and the months that lie immediately 
 before us will give full utterance as to the 
 high statesmanship and great achievements 
 of the Illustrious man whom we mourn to- 
 day. We shall not touch them to-day. The 
 nation already has broken out in its grief 
 and poured its te^rs, and is still pouring 
 them, over the loss of a beloved man. It is 
 well. But we ask this morning of what sort 
 this man is. so that we may perhaps, know- 
 ing the moral and spiritual life that is past, 
 be able to shape the far-withdrawn future. 
 I think we must all concede that nature and 
 training and— reverently be it said— the in- 
 spiration of the Almighty, conspired to con- 
 form a man admirable in his moral temper 
 and aims. 
 
 "We none of us can doubt, I think, that 
 even by nature he was eminently gifted. The 
 kindly, calm and equitable temperament, the 
 kindly and generous heart, the love of Jus- 
 tice and right, and the tendency toward faith 
 and loyalty to unseen powers and authorities 
 — these things must have been with him 
 from his childhood, from his infancy; but 
 upon them supervened the training for which 
 he was always thankful and of which even 
 this great nation from sea to sea continually 
 has taken note. 
 
 "It was an humble home In which he was 
 born. Narrow condiiions were around him; 
 but faith in God had lifted that lowly roof 
 according to the statement of some great 
 writer, up to the very heavens and permitted 
 its inmates to behold the things eternal, im- 
 mortal and divine, and he came under that 
 training. 
 
 "It is a beautiful thing that to the end of 
 his life he bent reverently before that mother 
 whose e.xample and teaching and prayer 
 had so fashioned his mind and all his aims. 
 The school came but briefly, and then came 
 to him the church with a ministration of 
 . power. He accepted the truth which it 
 taught. He believed in God and in Jesus 
 Christ, through whom God was revealed. He 
 accepted the divine law of the Scripture; 
 he based his hope on Jesus Christ, the ap- 
 pointed and only Redeemer of men; and the 
 church, beginning its operation upon his 
 character at an early period of his lite, con- 
 tinued even to its close to mold him. He 
 waited attentively upon its ministrations. 
 
 "He gladly partook with his brethren of the 
 symbols of mysterious passion and redeem- 
 ing love of the Lord Jesus Christ. He was 
 helpful In all of those beneficencle.'s and 
 activities; and from the church to the close 
 of his life he received inspiration that lifted 
 him above much of the trouble and weakness 
 Incident to our human nature, and blessings 
 be to God, may we say, in the last and 
 final hour, they enabled him confideuitly ten- 
 derly to say, 'It is His will, not ours; let 
 Thy will be done.' 
 
 "Such influences gave to us William Mc- 
 Kinley. And what was he? A man of incor- 
 ruptible personal and political integrity. I 
 suppose no one ever attempted to approach 
 him in the way of a bribe; and we remember, 
 with great felicitation at this hour, tor sucii 
 an example to ourselves, that when great 
 financial difficulties and perils encompassed 
 him, he determined to deliver all he pos- 
 sessed to his creditors, that there should be 
 no challenge of his oerfect honesty In the 
 matter. A man of immaculate purity shall 
 we say? 
 
 "No stain was upon his escutcheon; no syl- 
 lable of suspicion that I ever heard was 
 whispered against his character. He walked 
 In perfect and noble self-control. 
 
 "Beyond that this man has somehow 
 wrought in him— I suppose upon the founda- 
 tions of a very happily constructed nature— 
 a great and generous love for his fellow 
 men. He believed in men. He had himself 
 been brought up among the common people. 
 He knew their labors, struggles, necessities 
 
 "He loved them; but I think beyond that 
 It was to the church and its teachings con- 
 cerning the fatherhood of God and universal 
 brotherhood of radn that he was Indebted for 
 that habit of kindness, for that generosity 
 
 of spirit, that was wrought Into his very 
 substance and became so that, though he 
 was of all men most courteous, no one 
 ever supposed but that courtesy was from 
 the heart. It was spontaneous, unaffected, 
 kindly, attractive, in a most eminent 
 degree. 
 
 "His qualities gave him reputation, not in 
 this land alone, but throughout the world, 
 and made it poslble for him to minister in 
 the style In which he has within the last 
 two or three years ministered to the wel- 
 fare and peace of human kind. It was out 
 of the profound depths of his moral and 
 religious character that came the possibili- 
 ties of that usefulness which we are all glad 
 to attribute to him. And will such a man 
 die? Is it poslble that He who created, 
 redeemed, transformed, uplifted, illumined 
 such a man will permit him to fall into 
 oblivion? The instincts of morality are in 
 all good men. The divine word of the Scrip- 
 ture leaves us no room for doubt. 'I,' said 
 one whom he trusted, 'am the resurrection 
 and the life. He that belleveth in me 
 though he were dead, yet shall he live, and 
 whosoever Uveth and belleveth In me shall 
 never die." 
 
 "Lost to us, but not to his God; lost from 
 earth, but entered heaven; lost from these 
 labors and toils and perils, but entered into 
 the everlasting peace and ever advancing 
 progress. Blessed be God who gives us this 
 hope In this hour of our calamity and ena- 
 bles us to triumph through Him who hath 
 redeemed us. 
 
 "If there is a personal immortality before 
 Him, let us also rejoice that there is an im- 
 mortality and memory In the hearts of a 
 large and ever growing people who through 
 the ages to come, the generations that are 
 yet to be, will look back upon this life, upon 
 Its nobility and purity and service to hu- 
 manity and thank God for it. 
 
 "The years draw on when his name shall 
 be counted among the illustrious of the 
 earth. William of Orange is not dead. 
 Cromwell is not dead. Washington lives in 
 the hearts and lives of his country. Lincoln 
 with his infinite sorrow' lives to teach us and 
 lead us. And McKinley shall summon all 
 statesmen and all his countrymen to purer 
 living, nobler alms, sweeter faith and im- 
 mortal blessedness," 
 
 As the bishop concluded, every one In the 
 vast rotunda rose and the choir, intoning 
 the air, hundreds of voices joined in the 
 grand old hymn, "Nearer, My God, to Thee," 
 It was an affecting moment. Iii the midst 
 of the singing, Admiral Robley D. Evans, 
 advancing with silent tread, placed a beau- 
 tiful blue floral cross at the foot of the cas- 
 ket. The last notes died away softly and 
 with uplifted hands, the Rev. Dr. W. H. 
 Chapman, acting pastor of the Metropolitan 
 Church, pronounced the benediction. 
 
 The funeral train bearing the remains of 
 President McKinley, reached Canton, the 
 town of his home, at noon on Wednesday, 
 September IS. Again the tracks were lined 
 with mourners throughout the route. The 
 remains were lifted from the catafalque car 
 and carried on the shoulders of the pall bear- 
 ers through a narrow avenue formed by Pres- 
 ident Roosevelt and the members of the cabi- 
 net, to the waiting hearse. The surrounding 
 soldiery were at present arms and bugles 
 sounded taps. President Roosevelt and Cabi- 
 net then entered their carriages. They were 
 followed by the guard of honor, headed by 
 Admiral Dewey and General Miles in full 
 uniform and the sad procession moved up 
 Tenth street in the direction of the court 
 house, where the body again lay In state. 
 
 Services in Canton. 
 The formal funeral services, which began 
 at 1:30 on Thursday afternoon, were made 
 brief at the request of the mourning fam- 
 ily. In the First Methodist Episcopal Church, 
 of which President McKinley was an hon- 
 ored and active member, the pastor, the 
 Kev, Dr. C. E. Manchester preached a touch- 
 
 ing funeral sermon, broken occasionally by 
 his own overpowering feeling or by the sob 
 of some friend of the dead. Pastors of the 
 other Canton churches also took part In the 
 service. The Rev. O. B. Milligan of the First 
 Presbyterian Church, offered the opening 
 prayer. There were Scriptural readings by 
 the Rev. John Hall and the Rev. E. P. Her- 
 bruck. A quartet sang "Beautiful Island ol 
 Somewhere," and "Lead, Kindly Light." 
 
 THE PRAYER. 
 
 The Rev. O. B. Milligan offered prayer as 
 
 follows; 
 
 "O God, our God, our nation's God; Thou 
 God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, 
 the Father of mercies and God of all com- 
 forts: y>'e have entered the courts of Thy 
 house to-day with bowed and burdened 
 hearts. In Thy inscrutable providence Thou 
 hast permitted this great calamity to come 
 upon us. Truly, Thy ways are In the deep, 
 and Thy paths in the mighty waters. We 
 bow in meekness before this exhibition of 
 Thy sovereignty and own Thy right to do 
 as Thou wilt in the armies of Heaven and 
 amongst the sons of men. 
 
 "But. blessed be Thy name. Thy sover- 
 eignty over us is the sovereignty of love. 
 Thou art our Father, and like as a father 
 pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth 
 them that fear Him. Thou hast so revealed 
 Thyself to us in Thy word, but especially 
 in Jesus Christ, who was the brightness of 
 Thy glory and the express image of Thy 
 person. Therefore, O Lord, we can the 
 more cheerfully submit to the doings of Thy 
 hand and heart. We can say, with him whom 
 we so deeply mourn, 'This is God's way; His 
 will, not ours, be done.' And while we can- 
 not understand Thy gracious purpose iB this 
 dispensation, help us. Lord, to wait in pa- 
 tient confidence, assured that Thou, who art 
 Thine own interpreter, wilt reveal Thy 
 thoughts of peace and purposes of mercy In 
 this great mystery. In this spirit, help us 
 to accept this providence, and still to trust 
 Thee. 
 
 "We thank Thee, Lord, for this life 
 which has been taken so rudely from us. We 
 thank Thee for Thy servant's endowments 
 and achievements. We thank Thee for the 
 sublime purposes for which Thou didst choose 
 him in this world and for the splendid way 
 in which, by Thy grace, these purposes were 
 wrought out in his life. Adorned by Thee, 
 we thank Thee for what he was himself, in 
 his home, in society, in church, and state, 
 and national relations. We bless Thee for 
 the inspiration of his example, and we re- 
 joice that, though dead, his Influence for good 
 will ever live among us. Blessed be Thy 
 name, in the temple of American honor an- 
 other is written among the immortals. Help 
 us all, O Lord, to see in his life the divine 
 possibilities of life and to strive for a like 
 fidelity as we go forward to meet life's ap- 
 pointments. 
 
 "Vouchsafe, we pray Thee, all needful 
 blessings to our nation in this season of 
 sore bereavement. Thou knowest, O God, 
 how this blow has struck every heart, how 
 this sorrow pierces every soul. The nation 
 is clothed in sackcloth and bowed with grief. 
 Our laud is full of mourning; our hearts are 
 heavy with an inexpressible, an almost unen- 
 durable sorrow. Surely. Thou hast stricken 
 us in Thy sore displeasure, for Thou dost not 
 afllict willingly; Thou dost not delight in 
 punishment. Oh, that Thou wouidst help us 
 to search our hearts, to seek out even the 
 hidden depths and springs of wickedness, to 
 rid us of the devil, that the abundant favor 
 of our God may be returned to us, and that 
 the sublime things we hope for in our na- 
 tion's future may be realized, and until w« 
 have discovered the evil and rooted It out, 
 let not Thy goodness depart from ns. In 
 afflicting, O Lord, be merciful. Remember 
 not our sins against us, and visit us in the 
 plenitude of Thy grace. 
 
 "Vouchsafe, we pray Thee, the fulness of 
 Thy grace to Thy servant who has so unex- 
 pectedly been inducted into the solemn re- 
 sponsibilities of the office of Chief Magis- 
 trate, May he be endowed with all needed 
 gifts to administer the government to Thy 
 glory and the welfare of this great people^ 
 
THE MC KtNLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 25 
 
 Give him Thy protection from secret foes 
 aud unworthy friends. Fill hia heart with 
 Thy tear, and give him the confidence and 
 love of tlie nation. 
 
 •■A.nd now, O Lord, trustfully do we com- 
 mit to Thv infinitely tender and gracious care 
 her who has been most bitterly bereaved. 
 Tender as are our hearts toward her In 
 this sad hour; passing tender as was her 
 husband's heart toward her as together they 
 passed through all the scenes of Joy and 
 sorrow which were appointed them In life, 
 O, may the heart of God be more tender still. 
 Bind her round with the sufficient consola- 
 tions of Thy presence and grace; and as, 
 by faith, she leans upon the unseen arm of 
 the Infinite, may she ever find Thee a present 
 help in the time of need. 
 
 '•Sanctify this dispensation to us all. May 
 we hear in it the voice of the Eternal cry- 
 ing- 'All flesh Is grass, and all the goodliness 
 thereof as the flower of the field. The grass 
 wlthereth, the flower fadeth, but the word of 
 our God shall stand forever.' Help us that 
 we may diligently improve this providence 
 to our growth in grace and in the saving 
 knowledge of our Lord. Jesus Christ. By 
 thy grace, dear Lord, prepare us all for life s 
 duties and trials, for the solemnities of death, 
 and for a blessed immortality. These, and 
 everv other needed blessing, we plead for in 
 the name of Him who taught us to pray. 
 
 •'Our Father which art in heaven, hal- 
 lowed be Thy name. Thy kingdom come. 
 Thy will be done In earth as It Is m heaven. 
 Give us this day our daily bread: and forgive 
 us our trespasses as we forgive those who 
 trespass against us. And lead us not into 
 temptation, but deliver us from evil; for 
 Thine is the kingdom and the power and the 
 glory for ever. Amen." 
 
 Beautiful Isle of Somewhere. 
 
 The Euterpean Ladies' Quartet rendered 
 the hymn. "Beautiful Isle of Somewhere" in 
 a manner most pathetic. The hymn Is as 
 follows: 
 
 Somewhere the sun Is shining; 
 
 Somewhere the song birds dwell. 
 Hush, then, thy sad repining, 
 God lives and all Is well. 
 Somewhere. Somewhere, 
 
 Beautiful Isle of Somewhere, 
 Land of the true, where we live anew. 
 Beautiful Isle of Somewhere. 
 
 Somewhere the load is lifted. 
 
 Close by an open gate. 
 Somewhere the clouds are rifted, 
 
 Somewhere the angels wait. 
 Somewhere, Somewhere, 
 
 Beautiful Isle of Somewhere, 
 Land of the true, where we live anew. 
 
 Beautiful Isle of Somewhere. 
 
 The Bev. C. E. Manchester's Sei-mon. 
 
 The Rev. C. E. Manchester delivered the 
 following discourse: 
 
 Our President is dead. The silver cord Is 
 loosed, the golden bowl is broken, the pitch- 
 er is broken at the fountain, the wheel 
 broken at the cistern. The mourners go 
 about the streets. 
 
 One voice is heard— a wail of sorrow from 
 all the land, for "the beauty of Israel is 
 Blaln upon thy high places. How are the 
 mighty fallen. I am distressed for thee, my 
 brother. Very pleasant hast thou been un- 
 to me." 
 
 Our President is dead. We can hardly be- 
 lieve It. We had hoped and prayed, and it 
 seemed that our hopes were to be realized 
 
 unconsciousness, skirted the dark shores of 
 the sea of death for a time, and then passed 
 on to be at rest. His great heart had ceased 
 to beat. 
 
 Our hearts are heavy with sorrow. 
 "A voice Is heard on earth of kinsfolk weep- 
 ing 
 The loss of one they love; ^ 
 
 But he has gone where the redeemed are 
 keeping 
 A festival above. 
 
 "The mourners throng the ways, and from 
 the steeple 
 
 The funeral bells toll slow; 
 But on the golden streets the holy people 
 
 Are passing to and fro. 
 
 "And saying, as they meet: 'Rejoice! another 
 
 Long waited for, is come. 
 The Saviour's heart is glad, a younger brother 
 
 Hath reached the Father's home.' " 
 
 The cause of this universal mourning is to 
 he found in the man himself. The inspired 
 penman's description of Jonathan, likening 
 him unto the "Beauty of Israel," could not 
 be more appropriately employed than in 
 chanting the lament over our fallen chief- 
 tain. It does no violence to human speech, 
 nor is it fulsome eulogy to speak thus of him, 
 for who that has seen his stately bearing, his 
 grace and manliness of demeanor, his kindli- 
 ness of aspect, but gives assent to this de- 
 scription of him? 
 
 It was characteristic of our beloved Presi- 
 dent that men met him only to love him. 
 They might, indeed, differ with him, but in 
 the presence of such dignity of character and 
 grace of manner none could fail to love the 
 man. The people confided in him, believed 
 in him. It was said of Lincoln that probably 
 no man since the days of Washington was 
 ever so deeply imbedded and enshrined in 
 the hearts of the people, but it is true of Mc- 
 Kinley in a larger sense. Industrial and so- 
 cial conditions are such that he was, even 
 more than his predecessors, the friend of the 
 whole people. 
 
 A touching scene was enacted in this 
 church Sunday, September 1.5. The services had 
 closed. The worshipers were going to their 
 homes. Only a few lingered to discuss the 
 sad event that brings us together to-day. 
 Three men in working garb, of a foreign 
 race and unfamiliar tongue, entered the 
 room. They approached the altar, kneel- 
 ing before It, and before his picture. 
 Their lips moved as if in prayer, while 
 tears furrowed their cheeks. They may 
 have been thinking of their own King 
 Humbert and of his untimely death. 
 Their emotion was eloquent, eloquent beyond 
 speech, and it bore testimony to their appre- 
 ciation of manly friendship and of honest 
 worth. 
 
 It is a glorious thing to be able to say 
 in this presence, with our illustrious dead 
 before us, that he never betrayed the con- 
 fidence of his countrymen. Not for per- 
 sonal gain or pre-eminence would he mar 
 the beauty of his soul. He kept it clean and 
 white before God and man, and his hands 
 were unsullied by bribes. 
 
 "His eves looked right on, and his eye- 
 lids looked straight before him." He was 
 sincere, plain and honest. Just, benevolent 
 aud kind. He never disappointed those who 
 believed in him, but measured up to every 
 duty, and met every responsibility in life 
 grandly and unflinchingly. 
 
 Not only was our President brave, heroic 
 and honest: he was as gallant a knight as 
 ever rode In the lists for his lady love in the 
 days when knighthood was in flower. It is 
 but a few weeks since the nation looked on 
 with tear-dimmed eyes, as it saw with what 
 
 and our prayers answered, when the emotion | tender, conjugal devotion he sat at the bed 
 of Joy was changed to one of grave apprehen- side of his beloved wife, when all feared 
 sion Still we waited, for we said, "It may that a fatal illness was upon her. No public 
 be that God will be gracious and merciful to | clamor that ho might show himself to the 
 us " It seemed to us that it must be His : populace, no demand of social functions, was 
 will to spare the life of one so well beloved sufllclent to draw the lover from the bedside 
 and so much needed. Thus, alternating be- ; of his wife. He watched and waited, while 
 tween hope and tear the weary hours passed | we all prayed— and she lived. This sweet 
 on Then came tidings of defeated science ; and tender story all the world knows, and 
 and of the failure of love and prayer to hold the world knows that his whole life had run 
 Its object to the earth. We seemed to hear ' in the one groove of love. It was a strong 
 
 the faintly murmured words, "Goodby all, | 
 goodby. It is God's way. His will be done," 
 and then, "Nearer. My God, to Thee." So, 
 nestling nearer to hia God, he passed out Intoi 
 
 was a 
 arm that she loaned upon, and It never 
 failed her. Her smile was more to him 
 than the plaudits of the multitude, and for 
 her greeting his acknowledgments ol them 
 
 must wait. After receiving the fatal wound, 
 his first thought was that the terrible news 
 might be broken gently to her. May God 
 in this deep hour of sorrow comfort her. 
 May His grace be greater than her anguish. 
 May the widow's God be her God. 
 
 Another beauty in the character of our 
 President, that was a chaplet of grace about 
 his neck, was that he was a Christian. In 
 the broadest, noblest sense of the word that 
 was true. His confidence in God was strong 
 and unwavering. It held him steady In 
 many a storm where others were driven be- 
 fore the wind and tossed. He believed In the 
 fatherhood of God, and in his sovereignty. 
 His faith in the gospel of Christ was deep 
 and abiding. He had no patience with any 
 other theme of pulpit discourse. "Christ 
 and Him crucified" was. to his mind, the only 
 panacea for the world's disorders. He be- 
 lieved it to be the supreme duty of the 
 Christian minister to preach the word. He 
 said, "We do not look for great business men 
 in the pulpit, but for great preachers." 
 
 It Is well known that his godly mother had 
 hoped for him that he would become a min- 
 ister of the gospel, and that she believed It 
 to be the highest vocation in life. It was 
 not, however, his mother's faith that made 
 him a Christian. He had gained in early 
 life a personal knowledge of Jesus, which 
 guided him in the performance of greater 
 duties aud vaster responsibilities than have 
 been the lot of any other American Presi- 
 dent. He said at one time, while bearing 
 heavy burdens, that he could not discharge 
 the daily duties of his life but for the fact 
 that he had faith in God. 
 
 William McKinley believed in prayer. In 
 the beauty of it, in the potency of It Its 
 language was not unfamiliar to him and hia 
 public addresses not infrequently evinced 
 the fact. It was perfectly consistent with his 
 lite-long convictions and his personal experi- 
 ences that he should say as the first critical 
 moment after the assassination approached, 
 "Thy kingdom come; Thy will be done"; and 
 that he should declare at the last, "It Is 
 God's way; His will be done." He lived 
 grandly; it was fitting that he should die 
 grandly. And now that the majesty of death 
 has touched and calmed him, we find that 
 in his supreme moment he was still a con- 
 queror. 
 
 My friends and countrymen, with what 
 language shall I attempt to give expression 
 to the deep horror of our souls as I speak of 
 the cause ot his death? When we consider 
 the magnitude of the crime that has plunged 
 the country and the world Into unutterable 
 grief, we are not surprised that one nation- 
 ality' after another has hastened to repudiate 
 the dreadful deed. This gentle spirit, who 
 hated no one, but to whom every man was 
 a brother, was suddenly smitten by the cruel 
 hand of an assassin, and that, too, while in 
 the very act of extending a kind and gen- 
 erous greeting to one who approached him 
 under the sacred guise of friendship. 
 
 Could the assailant have realized how 
 awful was the act he was about to perform, 
 how utterly heartless the deed, methinks 
 he would have stayed his hand at the very 
 threshold of it. In all the coming years, 
 men will seek in vain to fathom the enor- 
 mity of that crime. Had this man who fell 
 been a despot, a tyrant, an oppressor, an 
 insane frenzy to rid the world of him might 
 have sought excuse, but it was the peoples' 
 friend who fell when William McKinley re- 
 ceived the fatal wound. Himself a son of 
 toll, his sympathies were with the toilers. 
 No one who has seen the matchless grace 
 and perfect ease with which he greeted 
 such, can ever doubt that his heart was In 
 his open hand. Every heart-throb was for 
 his countrymen. That his life should be 
 sacrificed at such a time. Just when there 
 was abundant peace, when all the Americas 
 were rejoicing together, la one ot the In- 
 scrutable mysteries of Provldenpe. Like 
 many others it must be left for future rev- 
 elations to explain. 
 
 In the midst of our sorrow we have much 
 to console us. He lived to see his nation 
 greater than ever before. .Ml sectional 
 lines are blotted out. There is no South, 
 no North, no East, no West. Washington 
 saw the beginning of our national life. Lin- 
 coln passed through the night ot our history 
 
20 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 and saw the dawn. McKinley beheld his 
 country in the splendor of its noon. Truly 
 he died in the fullness of his fame. With 
 Paul he could say and with equal truthful- 
 ness, "I am now ready to be offered." The 
 worlt assigned him had been well done. The 
 nation was at peace. We had fairly entered 
 upon an era of unparalleled prosperity. Our 
 revenues were generous. Our standing among 
 the nations was secure. Our President was 
 safely enshrined in the affections of a united 
 people. It was not at him that the fatal shot 
 was fired, but at the government. His offer- 
 ing v.-as vicarious. It was blood poured upon 
 the altar of human liberty. In view of these 
 things, we are not surprised to hear, from 
 one who was present when this great soul 
 passed av/ay, that he never before saw a 
 death so peaceful, or a dying man so crowned 
 with grandeur. 
 
 Let us turn, now, to a brief consideration, 
 of some of the lessons that we are to learn 
 from this sad event. 
 
 The first one that will occur to us all is 
 the old, old lesson that "in the midst of lite 
 We are in death." 
 
 "Man goeth forth unto his work and to 
 his labor until the evening." "He fleeth as 
 it were a shadow, and never continueth in 
 one place." Our President went forth in the 
 fullness of his strength, in his manly beauty, 
 and was suddenly smitten by the hand that 
 brought death with it. None of us can tell 
 what a day may bring forth. Let us there- 
 fore, remember that "no man liveth him- 
 self, and none of us dieth to himself." 
 May each day's close see each day's duty 
 done. 
 
 Another great lesson that we should heed 
 Is the vanity of mere earthly greatness. 
 In the presence of the dread messenger 
 how small are the trappings of wealth, and 
 distinctions of rank and power. I beseech 
 you. seek Him who said: "I am the Resur- 
 rection and the Life; he that believeth in 
 Me, though he were dead, yet shall he live; 
 
 and whosoever liveth and believeth in Me 
 shall never die." There is but one Saviour 
 for the sin sick and the weary. I entreat 
 you, find him, as our brother found him. 
 
 But our last words must be spoken. Little 
 more than four years ago we bade him good 
 bye as he went to assume the great responsi- 
 bilities to which the nation had called him. 
 His last words as he left us were, "Nothing 
 could give me greater pleasure than this 
 farewell greeting — this evidence of your 
 friendship and sympathy, your good will, 
 and, I am sure, the prayers of all the peo- 
 ple with whom I have lived so long, and 
 whose confidence and esteem are dearer to 
 me than other earthly honors. To all of us 
 the future is as a sealed book; but if I can, 
 by official act or administration or utter- 
 ance, in any degree add to the prosperity and 
 unity of our beloved country, and the ad- 
 vancement and well being of our splendid 
 citizenship, I will devote the best and most 
 unselfish efforts of my life to that end. With 
 this thought uppermost in my mind, I re- 
 luctantly takejeave of my friends and neigh- 
 bors, cherishing in my heart the sweetest 
 memories and thoughts of my old home — my 
 home now — and I trust, my home hereafter, 
 so long as I live." 
 
 We hoped, with him, that when his work 
 was done, freed from the burdens of his 
 great office, crowned with the affections of 
 a happy people, he might be permitted to 
 close his earthly life in the home he loved. 
 
 He has, indeed, returned to us, but how? 
 Borne to the strains of "Nearer, My God. 
 to Thee," and placed where he first began 
 life's struggle, that the people might look 
 and weep over so sad a home coming. 
 
 But it was a triumphal march. How vast 
 the procession! The nation rose and stood 
 with uncovered head. The people of the 
 land are chief mourners. The nations of the 
 earth weep with them. But, oh, what a vic- 
 tory! I do not ask you in the heat of public 
 address, but in the calm moments of mature 
 reflection, what other man ever had such 
 
 high honors bestowed upon him, and by so 
 many people? What pageant has equaled 
 this that we look upon to-day? We gave him 
 to the nation but a little more than four 
 years ago. He went out with the light of 
 morning upon his brow, but his task set, 
 and the purpose to complete it. We take 
 him back a mighty conqueror. 
 
 The churchyard where his children rest. 
 The quiet spot that suits him best; 
 There shall his grave be made, 
 And there his bones be laid. 
 
 And there his countrymen shall come, 
 With memory proud with pity dumb. 
 And strangers far and near. 
 For many and many a year; 
 
 For many a year and many an age. 
 While history on her ample page. 
 The virtues shall enroll 
 Of that paternal soul. 
 
 In the immense procession that followed 
 the body to the cemetery, there were few dry 
 eyes. The Grand Army comrades of Major 
 McKinley led this imposing funeral parade, 
 which consisted of militia, details of regu- 
 lars from all branches of the service, frater- 
 nal, social and civic organizations, repre- 
 sentatives of commercial bodies from all 
 over the country, the governors of several 
 states with their staffs, members of Congress 
 and Mr. McKinley's successor, Theodore 
 Roosevelt. At Woodlawn Cemetery, the 
 services were conducted by the Rev. I. W. 
 Joyce of Minneapolis and by Dr. Manchester. 
 To await burial by the side of the two chil- 
 dren, gone long before. President McKinley's 
 body was reverently laid in the receiving 
 vault. And so the last honors were paid to 
 the man the nation loved. 
 
 The Five Minote Halt. 
 
 THE ANGELTJS OF UNIVERSAL KEVEEENCE FOR THE MEMORY OF WILLIAM McKINLEY, 
 
 PRESIDENT, MAN, CITIZEN AND CHRISTIAN. 
 
 Sorrow, sincere and heartfelt, at the death 
 of President McKinley was evidenced 
 throughout the world. From kings and em- 
 perors came prompt and personal condo- 
 lences; from commercLal bodies and organ- 
 izations of highest stanalng came messages 
 of true sympathy; prominent individuals 
 contributed their words of regret at his loss, 
 tut more touching and more significant 
 than all of these was the simultaneous and 
 Bilent expression of over 70,000,000 Ameri- 
 cans. 
 
 Strictly speaking. It was not an expres- 
 sion. With seeming contradiction it was a 
 universal silence; the hush of sorrow which 
 stills all sound when the body of a loved 
 and respected friend is being borne aw'ay 
 to the grave. All that was mortal of Will- 
 lam McKinley was carried to Woodlawn 
 Cemetery, in Canton, on the afternoon of 
 Thursday, September 19. A distinguished 
 company of mourners thronged the little 
 city, but the throng was as nothing when 
 compared with the greater band in every 
 state and territory throughout the Union. 
 Of all the impressive sights and incidents at- 
 tached to the funeral of the late President 
 that of the Five Minute Halt of traffic and 
 Industry will linger longest in the minds of 
 
 countless thousands who saw or took part 
 in it. 
 
 Absolutely unprecedented in this country, 
 if not in the entire world, it illustrated more 
 convincingly than any amount of eulogistic 
 speech the true feeling which the people of 
 the nation entertained for President McKin- 
 ley. It also bore testimony to the firm bond 
 of patriotic sentiment which links state 
 with state and man with man. Everywhere 
 in the United States and particularly in the 
 larger cities the last mark of respect was 
 paid to the dead at almost the same time. 
 Prom 3:30 to 3:35, when the body of the lata 
 President was being carried out of the hou'^e 
 at Canton, every train was halted, every car 
 slopped, steamboats were checked in their 
 progress, and men of every station in life 
 bowed their uncovered heads. Congrega- 
 tions assembled in churches, and here and 
 there, in open squares, where the people 
 gathered during the memorable hour, th;; 
 sound of "Nearer, My God, to Thee," the 
 late President's favorite hymn alone broke 
 the solemn stillness. 
 
 It was an event that the p^ple of New 
 York will never forget. Brooklyn's share in 
 the observance was quite as sincere and far- 
 reaching. Foreigners, who happened to wit- 
 
 ness the silent demonstration must have gone 
 away marveling. The American spirit had 
 often been pictured to them, but never could 
 they have imagined such an illustration of 
 it as this. New York has its quiet moments 
 at certain times every day, but it is the 
 quietness of inactivity, the quietness of 
 streets deserted. On the afternoon of the 
 President's funeral it was the quietness of 
 grief and deep feeling, a hush that came over 
 the city at a moment when the streets were 
 thronged with people, when the roadways 
 were massed w'ith vehicles, and trains were 
 passing up and down on the elevated roads. 
 Nothing like it had been before, but peopia 
 forgot its novelty in a realization of its mean- 
 ing. 
 
 Clocks all over town gave warning that the 
 hour had come when the funeral procession 
 was to set out, and it was the signal for the 
 cessation of all activity. People stopped 
 short wherever they happened to be, and it 
 they resumed their ways again, it was slow- 
 ly and instinctively on tiptoe. As the surface 
 cars ceased moving, the passengers in them 
 arose and stood with bared heads until ths 
 five minutes had passed. It was not only the 
 motorman or the engineer who had been or- 
 dered to stop his car or his train at the giveE 
 
THE MC KINXEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 «7 
 
 time, and had to do It whether he willed or 
 not — the cartman, the cabman, the truck- 
 man — in fact, every one who happened to he 
 out on the street with his vehicle, stopped. 
 He didn't have to. He had no orders to stop. 
 But he did stop and remained silent, with 
 everything and everybody else. 
 
 And it was not only in the streets of the 
 city that this effective tribute was to be ob- 
 served. As all traffic on land came to halt 
 at 3:30 o'clock, so did all traffic on the water 
 cease at that time. Ferryboats, wherever 
 they happened to be, came to a stop. Pilots 
 rang their signal bells the moment their 
 watches showed them that the time for the 
 universal display of sorrow and respect had 
 come. Tugboats, sailboats, every craft that 
 was either in the river or the bay stopped 
 simultaneously, and from the Battery the 
 sight of hundreds of boats drifting with the 
 tide was such as no one who witnessed it 
 had ever recollected seeing in the history of 
 the port. 
 
 In Brooklyn the observance was general in 
 every thoroughfare. The power was cut off 
 from the electric wires promptly at 3;30 
 o'clock and every trolley car ceased in its 
 noisy journey. Though one place was doubt- 
 less as good as another to oDserve the actual 
 halt of traffic, the most notable scene was 
 that which occurred in the neighborhood of 
 the Borough Hall. The hands of the hall 
 clock still lacked a minute of 3:30 when the 
 cars on FuUon street halted. A Court street 
 car was just entering on its southbound trip 
 from beneath the elevated structure, but it 
 stopped with the switch half caught. In- 
 stantly a hush came over the crowd with 
 which the silence of a church would alone 
 bear comparison. It was in reality a sanc- 
 tuary in the open. Men and women stopped 
 where they were. There was no talking and 
 few moved. As the cars ceased their motion, 
 men on the curb removed their hats in si- 
 lence and stood uncovered. They could 
 
 not have shown greater respect had they 
 been on the inner line or people who saw 
 President McKiuley's body borne to the 
 grave. 
 
 The stillness was by far the most im- 
 pressive part of the brief incident. The 
 closed office windows and store doors on all 
 sides of the square gave to the scene a sol- 
 emn setting which the bands of mourning 
 everywhere displayed greatly enhanced. For 
 once, the combination of city noises, the 
 clang of trolley bells and the rattle of traffic 
 was hushed and a country lane of a summer 
 Sunday morning could not have been more 
 silent. The occasional prattle of children, 
 who did not realize the significance of the 
 minute, fell from their lips with a volume 
 of sound out of all proportion to the force 
 of their voices. Several times during the 
 unspoken service, the distant shouts of small 
 boys could be heard, but from the steps of 
 the Borough Hall it was impossible to lo- 
 cate the boys themselves. Some of them 
 were easily two blocks distamt. 
 
 For seven minutes instead of five, the cars 
 and the ponulace remained stationery. Five 
 minutes was the stated time but no one grew 
 restless when it was exceeded. No one mov- 
 ed away until the signal, which was flashed 
 all over the nation, was communicated to 
 Brooklyn. The first break in the silence 
 came from the Kings County elevated road. 
 The sound of an engine's exhaust gradually 
 grew louder and a train swung around the 
 curve from Boerum plac^ station. Half a 
 minute later, the motormen on the trolley 
 cars jumped to their stations, cranks In 
 hand, and signalized the return of power of 
 starting. Every car took up its interrupted 
 journey at the same time and with the re- 
 sumption of traffic, the crowds in the street 
 continued their walk. From an observance 
 which seemed at first to be a formality on 
 the part of the railroads, Brooklyn witnessed 
 an event as impressive as a sermoa. 
 
 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 • » • There was silence in heaven about th« 
 space of halt an hour.— Revelation vlll:l. 
 
 0, holy Silence! Atmosphere of God! 
 
 To thee in tribute doth the Nation bow. 
 As through the land, the slowly moving train 
 
 Bearoth the precious burden, silent now. 
 
 Thousands on thousands by the roadsides 
 stand. 
 Heads bared and silent; never word nor 
 sound 
 From man nor woman, nor from little child. 
 To break the silence, stricken, awed, pro* 
 found. 
 
 Silent the voice of love and woe and grief. 
 Silent the tones of envious, ignorant halo| 
 
 Silent the slurs and sneers of petty minds, 
 Silent the critics — though, alas! too late. 
 
 The Nation bows in silence to God's will. 
 Dying, he said, "His will be done, not 
 ours." 
 O, Silence! last, till God through thee shall 
 speak, 
 And make of all the centuries but hours — 
 
 Till "Nearer, My God, to Thee," the chorus 
 rise 
 From every nation, kindred, people, 
 tongue; 
 Through all the world for which the Saviour 
 died 
 May this appeal from shore to shore be 
 sung. 
 
 And then the Church which He ordained 
 shall rise 
 Upon the Rock His holy feet had trod. 
 The end and crown of all His earthly life- 
 Communion of the human heart with Ood. 
 
 8. J. A. 
 
Internationa! Sympathy. 
 
 Announcement of the sad news was made 
 to the ministers of the United States through- 
 out the world by Secretary of State John Hay 
 in the following circular note: 
 
 Department of State, 
 Washington, September 14, 1901. 
 
 Sir — It Is my painful duty to announce to 
 you the death of William McKinley, Presi- 
 dent of the United States, in the City of Buf- 
 falo, at fifteen minutes past two in the 
 morning of to-day, September 14. 
 
 Laid low by the act of assassin, the week 
 long struggle to save his life has been 
 watched with keen solicitude, not alone by 
 the people' of this country, who raised him 
 from their own ranks to the high office he 
 filled, but by the people of all friendly na- 
 tions[ whose messages of sympathy and 
 hope' while hope was possible, have been 
 most' consolatory In this time of sore trial. 
 
 Now that the end has come I request you 
 to be the medium of communicating the sad 
 tidings to the government of the honored 
 nation you so worthily represent, and to an- 
 nounce that. In obedience to the prescrip- 
 tions of the Constitution the office of Presi- 
 dent has devolved upon Theodore Roosevelt, 
 Vice President of the United States. 
 
 Accept, sir. the renewed assurance of my 
 highest consideration. JOHN H.\Y. 
 
 The Quick E-esponse. 
 From King Edward of England: 
 Most truly do I sympathize with you and 
 the whole American nation at the loss oi 
 your distinguished and ever to be regretted 
 President. EDWARD REX. 
 
 From the Archbishop of Canterbury: 
 I desire to express In behalf of the Church 
 of England the deep grief with which we 
 tave heard of the death of the President. 
 The loss of so great a ruler Is a calamity 
 to the whole world. The triumph of wick- 
 edness fills us with sorrow. Our prayer and 
 coodwin will be an earnest for the American 
 ptople. 
 
 From the Lord Mayor of London: 
 The citizens of London are profoundly moved 
 and deeply affected at the sad intelligence of 
 President McKinley's death. They had hoped 
 that under Providence so valuable a life might 
 "-:> spared tor the welfare of his country. In 
 their name I btg to tender your excellency 
 their heartfelt sympathy. I shall be grate- 
 ful if you will convey this to Mrs. McKinley 
 and the people of the United States. The em- 
 inent career and public services of President 
 McKinley were widely appreciated here and 
 will long be remembered by the English peo- 
 ple, who, having themselves sustained the 
 loss of a beloved sovereign this year, are able 
 to sympathize keenly with the United States 
 In the sudden removal of their distinguished 
 President. 
 
 The Rev. Henry Scott Holland, precentor of 
 St. Paul's Cathedral, London: 
 
 A great hope that once filled humanity lies 
 slain. We once dreamed that the New World 
 had awaked from the nightmare of evil memo- 
 ries and set out to live its free lite unbur- 
 dened and uncursed. but the new has like bit- 
 terness to work through as the old. We must 
 (ace it calmly and patiently. Not that we miiy 
 
 be driven Into a fierce reaction by the sting of 
 this insane crime does the poor man lie dead. 
 With renewed humility and with severer 
 resolution we must work together for a new- 
 order of social intercourse in which it will 
 become impossible for passions which Issue in 
 such an outrage to exist. 
 
 From Sir Henry Irving: 
 
 May I add personally my deep grief to that 
 of the people of this nation and of the na- 
 tions of the earth for the loss of a great and 
 good life, so ruthlessly snatched away in the 
 fullness of love and honor. 
 
 The London Times: 
 
 He died as he lived, with simple, manly 
 courage and unaffected piety, which mark the 
 best men of his race. 
 
 The London Telegraph: 
 
 There was the same anxious look in the 
 faces of Londoners yesterday as they wore 
 when our late beloved Queen was fighting her 
 battle with death. It was then that America 
 stretched out her hand to us. To-day, in her 
 hour of bitter trial, we return the grasp. 
 
 From London Chronicle: 
 
 This sympathy is intensified by a full reali- 
 zation of the calamity, until w'© are almost 
 inclined to say that there is no precedent lor 
 such a display of emotion and fellow feeling 
 on these particular lines. It is not impossible 
 that the assassination of Mr. McKinley will 
 advance that international comity of govern- 
 ments to which some political students look 
 as the keynote of future peace eind harmony. 
 
 From Westminster Gazette: 
 
 To us in this country the loss of President 
 McKinley is a family bereavement. We have 
 had our differences with the American peo- 
 ple. We know full well how more ti'ue it 
 becomes every day that they are our keenest 
 and most dangerous trade competitors, but 
 above and beyond the conflict of competition 
 is the outstanding fact that they are our next 
 of kin. We are linked by common ties that 
 exist nowhere except with the United States. 
 Just as Queen Victoria was sincerely 
 mourned on the other side of the Atlantic, so 
 now we claim a special right to share the 
 sorrow and indignation which the American 
 continent feels at the death of its President. 
 
 From Emperor William, Germany: 
 I am deeply affected by the news of the 
 untimely death of President McKinley. I 
 hasten to express the deepest and most 
 heartfelt sympathy of the German people 
 to the great American nation. Germany 
 mourns with America for her noble sou. 
 who lost his life while he was fulfllling his 
 duty to his country and people. 
 
 WILLIAM I. R. 
 Also a special dispatch to Mrs. McKinley: 
 Her Majesty the Empress and myself beg 
 you to accept the expression of our most sin- 
 cere sorrow tn the loss which you have suf- 
 fered by the death of your beloved husband, 
 felled by the ruthless hand of a murderer. 
 May the Lord, who granted you so many 
 years of happiness at the side of the de- 
 ceased, grant you strength to bear the heavy 
 blow with which he has visited you. 
 
 ■mLLIAM I. R. 
 Emperor William ordered the German fleet 
 
 assembled off Dantsic to half mast their 
 flags and to hoist the Stars and Stripes at 
 their maintops, and also ordered flags to 
 be half masted on all German public build- 
 ings. 
 
 From the Berliner Neuste Nachrichten: 
 The German nation expresses to the Amer- 
 ican people sincere sympathy in the loss of 
 a leader who was an out and out American, 
 and who firmly undertook the realization of 
 aims he deemed worth obtaining and cor- 
 responding with the wishes of a majority of 
 the people. 
 
 From the Vienna, Austria, News Wiener 
 Tageblatt: 
 
 The ocean is not wide enough to hold all 
 the sympathy that is streaming from the 
 Old World to the New. 
 
 From St. Petersburg, Russia, Boerse Ga- 
 zette: 
 
 Mr. McKinley was one of the most popular 
 figures in American history and one of the 
 best representatives of American ideals. On 
 account of the extraordinary purity of Mr. 
 McKinley's character, the American people 
 will find sympathy wherever civilized men 
 dwell. Opinion in Europe regarding Pan- 
 Americanism may possibly be divided, but it 
 is comprehensible from the American point 
 of view. Mr. McKinley died firmly believ- 
 ing that the work he had begun in domestic 
 aud foreign policy would find suitable instru- 
 ments for its continuation. 
 
 From President Loubet, France, to Mrs. 
 McKinley: 
 
 I learn with deep pain that his excellency 
 Mr. McKinley has succumbed to the deplor- 
 able attempt on his life. I sympathize with 
 you with all my heart in the calamity which 
 thus strikes at your dearest affections and 
 which bereaves the great American nation 
 of a President so justly respected and Icr.ed. 
 
 From the Paris Gaulois: 
 
 The death of President McKinley will have 
 a greater reverberation throughout Europe 
 than had the disappearance of Garfield, Lin- 
 coln, or Camot. He played a bigger part 
 on the world's stage than any of his prede- 
 cessors. 
 
 In conversation with a friend the Dowager 
 Queen Margherlta of Italy said: 
 
 Both of us know what it is to be kept from 
 the bedsides of our dear ones, I by Humbert's 
 instantaneous death, she by weak health. I 
 cannot get her out of my mind. She is con- 
 stantly in my thoughts and prayers. 
 
 From President Diaz, Mexico: 
 
 I have been deeply shocked by this crime. 
 President McKinley was not a ruler of exclu- 
 sive or aristocratic tendencies. He was a 
 good friend of the people, a genuine democrat 
 in the best sense of the word. With regard 
 to Mexico, President McKinley had ever evi- 
 denced such friendly sentiments that his 
 death will be mourned in this country hardly 
 less keenly than In the United States. 
 
 Minister Wu forwarded to the State Ds- 
 partmeut the following imperial edict trans- 
 
THE MO KINXiET MEMORIAL. 
 
 29 
 
 mitted by the Privy Council and received by 
 him: 
 
 By direction of her majesty, the Empress 
 Dowager, this edict is issued by us: 
 
 The plenipotentiaries (Prince Ching and 
 Viceroy Li) have memorialized the throne by 
 telegraph that they have received a note from 
 the United States Minister at Peking, con- 
 veying the sad intelligence of the death of the 
 President of the United States. 
 
 It is with unspeakable sorrow and con- 
 sternation that his majesty and ourself have 
 heard the distressing news. The late Presi- 
 dent always gave manifestations of sincere 
 friendship, and during the events o! last year 
 he pursued a policy marked by a high sense 
 of justice. 
 Wu Ting Fang is hereby Instructed to con- 
 vey to the United States government this 
 message of our sincere condolence. Respect 
 this. 
 
 The Sultan of Turkey, Abdul Ham id, has 
 sent a dispatch to the Secretary of State upon 
 the death of President McKinley as follows: 
 
 I have learned with emotion the tragic 
 death of Mr. McKinley. I beg to express to 
 you the deep share I take in the " sorro .v 
 caused by this event. 
 
 Other messages received read as follows: 
 From Mr. Jackson, United States Consul at 
 
 Patras : 
 From Prefect Achala and Mayor Patras: The 
 
 loss of the Philhellenic American President is 
 
 to Greece almost a heart wound. 
 
 From Ambassador Tower at St. Petersburg, 
 under date of September 17: 
 
 A solemn memorial service will be held 
 under direction of this embassy Thursday, 
 September 19. attended by imperial Russian 
 dignitaries, the diplomatic corps and all 
 Americans in St. Petersburg. 
 
 From Minister Swenson at Copenhagen, 
 under date of September 16: 
 
 The Crown Prince called to-day to express 
 his own and the King's condolence. The 
 King of Greece personally, and Empress 
 Dowager of Russia, through their minister, 
 request me to convey sympathy to Mrs. Mc- 
 Kinley. the government and people. 
 
 From Prince Devawongse, Minister of For- 
 eipm Affairs of Slam: 
 
 His Majesty was deeply grieved to hear 
 of the death of President McKinley, and 
 
 commanded mo to express to the American 
 nation his profound sympathy and that of 
 his government at this irreparable loss. 
 
 From Count von Buelow, Imperial Chancel- 
 lor, Berlin: 
 
 Most deeply grieved that medical skill was 
 unable to save the precious life of your Pres- 
 ident. I take with all my heart the most 
 sincere part in the deep mourning which has 
 befallen at this time the American nation 
 and their government. 
 
 From the President of Paraguay: 
 The government and people of Paraguay 
 join in the great American mourning. 
 
 From the Russian Charge d'Affaires, at 
 Narragansett, R. I.: 
 
 Prince Obolensky, acting Imperial Minis- 
 ter, profoundly afflicted by the sad news of 
 the demise of President McKinley. desires 
 me to transmit to the federal government 
 the expression of the very keen and sincere 
 sympathy of the Imperial Government in the 
 great calamity which has befallen the gov- 
 ernment and the people of the United States. 
 
 From the Austro-Hungarian Charge d'Af- 
 faires: 
 
 I am charged, on the occasion of the tragic 
 death of President McKinley, to convey to the 
 federal government the warmest sympa- 
 thy of His Imperial and Royal Apostolic 
 Majesty. 
 
 From the Peruvian Minister of Foreign 
 Affairs: 
 
 Profoundly moved by the sorrowful news 
 of the death of the illustrious President Mc- 
 Kinley I hasten to transmit to your excel- 
 lency in the name of my government and 
 in ray own, the earnest expression of our 
 condolence. 
 
 WESTMINSTER ABBEY SERVICE. 
 
 London. September. 20— By command of 
 King Edward a memorial service In honor of 
 the late President McKinley was held In 
 Westminster Abbey and was attended by 
 m.nny Americans and Englishmen of distinc- 
 tion. The Lord Steward of the household. 
 Lord Pembroke, represented the king; 
 Colonel Alfred M. Egerton represented the 
 Duke and Duchess of Connaught; Major 
 
 James E. Martin represented the Prince and 
 Princess Christian of Schieswig-Holateln. 
 The secretary tor war, William St. JohnBrod- 
 rick, and the under secretary of the For- 
 eign Office, Lord Granborne, were present, 
 and other cabinet ministers were repre- 
 sented. 
 
 The British Ambassador to the United 
 States, Lord Pauncetote; the Russian Am- 
 bassador to Great Britain, M. de Staal; the 
 Danish Minister, M. de Bille, and the Turk- 
 ish Ambassador, Costaki Antbopulo Pacha, 
 were also present, with members of all th» 
 legations, including the Consul General of 
 Monaco. 
 
 Lord Rosebery, the Lord Chief Justice, 
 Baron Alverstone; Baron Revelstoke, Baron 
 Mount-Stephen, Sir William and Lady Ver- 
 non-Harcourt and the agents general of 
 twenty British colonies were there. 
 
 Among the Americans who attended the 
 service were Hon. Levi P. Morton, formerly 
 Vice President of the United States; Judge 
 Lambert Tree, formerly United States min- 
 ister to Belgium; Charles Francis Adams, 
 Bishop Hurst of Washington and Bishop 
 Hartzell of the Methodist Episcopal Church 
 in Africa. 
 
 Occupying a front pew under the lectum 
 were Bishops Arnett, Gaines, Lee, Tyree and 
 Derrick of the African Methodist Episcopal 
 Church. Beyond, in reserved seats, were 2,000 
 or 3,000 other persons. 
 
 The service, which was fully choral, was 
 of extreme beauty. The ofllce for the dead 
 was used, with the prayer of committal 
 omitted. Tschaikowsky's and Chopin's fu- 
 neral marches preceded the service. The 
 congregation sang "Nearer, My God. to Thee," 
 with the melody commonly used in England. 
 
 As a mark of respect for the late Presi- 
 dent all the exchanges in the kingdom were 
 closed. The Government buildings here and 
 elsewhere had their flags at half-staff and 
 the Glasgow exhibition was closed during the 
 service. The American and Canadian stores 
 were draped with black. 
 
 A stately service, similar In moat respects 
 to that held In memory of Queen Victoria, 
 on the day o! her burial, was conducted In 
 St. Paul's Cathedral, out of respect to the 
 memory of the late President McKinley, and 
 was attended by 6,000 persons. Dean Gregory 
 and fourteen other clergymen were engaged 
 in the sprvice. The archbishop of Canterbury, 
 the Most Rev. Frederick Temple, leaning 
 feebly on the arm of one of the clergy, pt9r 
 nouEced the benediction. 
 
Home Tributes. 
 
 The Hod. William J. Bryan: 
 
 It Is inexpressibly sad. His life was re- 
 markable and his character above reproach. 
 His personal qualities were such that he had 
 no enemies. The blow aimed at him is at his 
 government and is felt by all. 
 
 The Hon. Adlai E. Stevenson: 
 
 President McKinley's creed in axiom was, 
 ''There is nothing so kingly as kindness." 
 Blameless and tender in private lite, he was 
 patriotic In all his impulses, of personal in- 
 tegrity never questioned, and faithful in the 
 discharge of public duties. He will live in the 
 grateful remembrance of his countrymen. 
 
 Former United States Senator David B. 
 Hill: 
 
 Every good citizen laments the death of 
 President McKinley. Death by assassination 
 Is always terrible, and the country is to-day 
 staggering under the severe shock. The Pres- 
 ident deserved to live. He was just entering 
 upon a career of usefulness greater than he 
 had ever known before. As an offlcial he was 
 distinguished as safe and conservative, al- 
 ways ready to respect the popular will. He 
 was a model citizen in all his relations in 
 life. He cherished no animosities, and well 
 understood and observed the amenities which 
 should always accompany political differences 
 In a free country like ours. 
 
 Archbishop John Ireland, St. Paul, Minn: 
 The nation mourns; well may she mourn. 
 She has lost her Chief Magistrate, whom she 
 loved so dearly, in whom she so willingly re- 
 posed her pride. 'William McKinley is now 
 dead; his memory will live down the ages as 
 that of one of the most worthy to have been 
 the President of the Republic of the United 
 States. I knew him closely, I esteemed him, 
 I liked him. He was the true man, pure of 
 morals, generous minded, conscientious, re- 
 ligious. He was the noble citizen, proud of 
 being a son of the people, brave in the battle- 
 field amid his country's peril, zealous of its 
 glory, unswervingly loyal to its honor and its 
 interests. He was the typical President of 
 the Republic. 
 
 Bishop William Lawrence, Massachusetts: 
 President McKinley represented the best 
 type of American citizenship in his amiable, 
 forceful and pure character. The nation 
 mourns the death of her Chief Magistrate. 
 The .American people mourn one whose influ- 
 ence has touched their homes, kindled a finer 
 patriotism and gained their warm affections. 
 
 The Rev. W. R. Huntington, Grace Church, 
 New York: 
 
 Think of those words of our departed 
 President, ' when, after being shot, though 
 realizing that he was entering the Valley of 
 Death, he said, to protect his enemy from 
 mob violence, "Let no one touch him." That 
 was not only an exhibition of compassion, but 
 a respect for law. That spirit is the sole 
 safeguard of our civil life. 
 
 From Mr. Andrew Carnegie: 
 
 President McKinley passes into his place 
 In history as one of the greatest rulers of 
 men through their affections, and beloved by 
 his countrymen, and he stands forever with 
 Lincoln and Garfield in the temple of mar- 
 tyrs, wearing like them the holy crown of 
 sacrifice for the republic. Our first duty in 
 this crisis is to give to his successor under 
 
 the Constitution our loyal support, in the 
 hope and belief that power will impress him, 
 as it has many great characters known to 
 history, and keep him in the path of his good 
 and great predecessor. 
 
 The Hon. John F. Fitzgerald, Boston: 
 Like the shot fired at Concord it has been 
 heard around the world. It is the signal gun 
 to the nations of the world to wipe anarchy 
 and anarchists from the face of the earth. 
 McKinley is dead, but his sprit lives. Into 
 the soul of every American that spirit be- 
 came in words of living fire this resolve: 
 That law and order must prevail, and that 
 a government of the people, by the people 
 and for the people shall not perish from the 
 earth. 
 
 The Rev. Edward Everett Hale, D. D., Bos- 
 ton: 
 
 Such a life as thus described is to be a 
 lesson, an incentive for centuries, to our 
 nation. The history of sucn a life from year 
 to year will make it a better and a better 
 nation. It gives to us the best training for 
 the bringing up of good citizens— the best 
 training and the most attractive training. 
 
 Mrs. Mary A. Livermore, Boston: 
 Grit is a good thing when mixed with grace. 
 The politician should be as reliable as a 
 clergyman. I know of no character in this 
 country that was finer, sweeter, purer or more 
 thoroughly right than President McKinley. 
 He was never known to 'pitch into' any one. 
 as the saying goes, and his tender solicitude 
 for Mrs. McKinley, even when he discovered 
 that he was shot, asking those about him 
 not to tell her of the deed, shows the gran- 
 deur of his character. In the schools we 
 have exhorted girls to grow up to be good 
 wives like Mrs. McKinley, but why not exhort 
 the boys to grow up to be good husbands like 
 President McKinley? Boys should be trained 
 to be good husbands as well as girls trained 
 to be good wives. President McKi.iley loved 
 his wife as Christ loved the church. 
 
 Governor Nash's Proclamation. 
 
 The proclamation of Governor Nash of 
 Ohio was as follows: 
 
 To the People of Ohio — With great sorrow 
 I announce to you that William McKinley, 
 President of the United States, is dead. 
 
 His whole life was dedicated to patriotic 
 public service. As a boy he was a brave and 
 loyal soldier of the Union. Fourteen years 
 in the Congress of the United States were 
 marked in the framing and advocacy by him 
 of laws most wise and beneficial to the 
 country. 
 
 During four years as Governor of Ohio he 
 earned and received our love and affection. 
 It was, however, as President of the United 
 States that his devotion to the country shows 
 in its greatest brilliancy and bis very emi- 
 nent ability became most marked. His work 
 as the nation's chief executive was of such 
 a character that It will live and bless the re- 
 public for all time, and will be his most en- 
 during monument. His neverccasing kind- 
 ness and affection to an invalid wife have 6l"- 
 deared him to every man, woman and ch!id 
 in our land. 
 
 Your hearts are filled with intense grief. 
 I ask you to manifest this by displaying upon 
 your homes and places of business the usual 
 evidences of mourning, and upon the day of 
 
 his funeral by honoring his memory in every 
 possible and appropriate manner. Pray, also, 
 that God may shield our beloved and stricken 
 country from harm on account of this great 
 afaiction and ever keep us in His gracious 
 care. 
 
 In testimony whereof I have hereunto af- 
 fixed my name and the great seal of the 
 State of Ohio, this 14th day of September, 
 A. D. 1901. GEORGE K. NASH. 
 
 By the Governor. 
 
 Lewis C. Laylin, Secretary of State. 
 
 Chauncey M. Depew. 
 
 The tribute of the Hon. Chauncey M. Depew 
 was as follows: 
 
 The President dead this morning, the Vice 
 President taking the oath and assuming the 
 duties of President this afternoon, was an 
 impressive lesson that men may die but the 
 republic lives forever. Never was the idiocy 
 of assassination as a means of subverting 
 government more dearly demonstrated. It is 
 only a step from the Milburn house, where 
 McKinley bade his pathetic farewell to his 
 wife and countrymen, to the Wilcox house, 
 where Roosevelt was inaugurated. The Cabi- 
 net and those privileged to witness the cere- 
 mony left the house or mourning and in a few 
 minutes were listening to the oath which 
 transfer.'? 1 the powers of the great oflice to 
 the young, vigorous, healthy and confident 
 grasp of Thecdore Rocisevelt. The ceremony 
 was simple and impressive. A lawyer's li- 
 brary. Cabinet ministers, judges, senators, in 
 number less thail a dozen, dressed as they 
 had come from distant homes upon a sudden 
 call. The Secretary of War, his voice chok- 
 ing wi'.h suppressed emotion, utters slowly 
 the oninion of the Cabinet that vast public 
 interests demand that the Vice President at 
 once assume the government. The Vice Presi- 
 dent, raising his hand, repeats with emphasis 
 the cath as it is read by Judge Hazel, and 
 we are in 'he jresence of the ruler of the 
 most powerful nation in the world. A mo- 
 ment's pause, and then, with unusual empha- 
 sis and solemnity, the President gives the 
 pledge to carry out the policy of McKinley 
 for the "peace, prosperity and honor of the 
 country." In the feeling of relief and satis- 
 faction of that little circle which to-morrow 
 will be the sentiment of the nation, was the 
 belief that a moistrous crime against hu- 
 manity and cur country could be left to the 
 judgi^-3nt and oenalties of tho law, but the 
 beneficent evolution of our progress and pros- 
 pe.-ity would receive neither check nor injury. 
 
 Hon. Thomas C. Piatt. 
 
 United States Senator Thomas C. Piatt 
 said: 
 
 In President McKinley's death th^ country 
 has sustained a distinct and overwhelming 
 loss and those who have been associated with 
 him in his administration, both in the ad- 
 visory and in the legislative capacity, feel a 
 most poignant scrrow. During the past four 
 years and a halt 1 have become greatly im- 
 pressed by his admirable personality and my 
 respect and regard for him as a President 
 and as a man were becoming more intense 
 w'ith the passage of time and the occurrence 
 of opportunities for contact with him. His 
 national spirit was patriotic and tolerant in 
 the extreme. He has created a place in the 
 affections of the people seldom acquired by 
 presidents or kings and his untimely demise 
 
THE MC KIXLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 31 
 
 leaves us all crushed under a burden of grief 
 and sorrow. 
 
 Congress must at an early date deal with 
 the problem of prevention of such atrocious 
 crimes in the future and, in the event of 
 their occurrence, of adequate punishment of 
 the criminals. 
 
 Secretary John D. Long. 
 
 From eulogy by Secretary of the Navy John 
 D. Long: 
 
 President McKinley, of blessed life. Is 
 now, and, more and more as time goes on, 
 will be, of blessed memory. The asperities 
 ■which afflict a public servant during his of- 
 ficial career will quickly be forgotten, and 
 the calm, just verdict of history will pro- 
 nounce him a man of ideally pure, true char- 
 acter, a patriot of single and disinterested 
 devotion to his country and a statesman un- 
 excelled for tact, prudence and practical 
 competency. His domestic life is one of the 
 precious sanctities of American sentiment. 
 
 As an executive his administration has 
 been a series of remarkable achievements. 
 It has been attended by great military suc- 
 cesses; by an abounding prosperity. It has 
 put out the last embers of sectional bitter- 
 ness. It has been marked by appointments 
 of high character and especial fitness to 
 places of great trust. The tone of the pub- 
 lic official, the efficiency of the civil serv- 
 ice, the integrity and fidelity of all depart- 
 ments and brapches of the executive gov- 
 ernment were never so high as to-day. 
 
 President McKinley leaves an unblem- 
 ished record in public and private life, and 
 a record not merely free from blemish, but 
 bright with good deeds done, with great serv- 
 ices rendered. 
 
 Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge. 
 
 From United States Senator Henry Cabot 
 Lodge, now in Paris: 
 
 We all had this week such strong and 
 ■well founded hopes Ihat the President would 
 recover that the news of his death comes 
 with an additional pang. It is a terrible 
 tragedy, a national sorrow and a loss which 
 is hard to think of or bear. President Mc- 
 Kinley was the leader and chief in a, mo- 
 mentous pericd of his country's history, and 
 he rose fully to the great situation. His 
 policies have become the policies of the 
 United States. When the history of his time 
 is written he will stand forth as the great 
 figure in the years which have been so crowd- 
 ed with events. He gained the entire con- 
 fidence of the nation by his patriotism, wis- 
 dom and ability, just as he won its love 
 by his kindness and goodness to all men. 
 This is not the time, especially for those 
 whose personal sorrow mingles with that of 
 the public at his loss, to say more. We all 
 bow our heads with grief, and are grateful 
 for the sympathy other nations offer us so 
 Btrongly. Deeply conscious of our loss, and 
 with our hearts full of sadness and sorrow 
 for her to whom President McKinley gave 
 such beautiful and unselfish devotion, the 
 sympathy of all Americans goes out to the 
 Vice President, called so suddenly and so 
 painfully to take the place of one who was 
 his friend as well as his associate, and with 
 ■nhose well considered policies and patriotic 
 purposes ho is in such complete accord. 
 Words at such a moment are vain. It Is a 
 tragic end of a great career. iMurdor tut 
 short a brilliant and beneficent life. It Is 
 a national loss and a profound sorrow. It 
 Is all inexpressibly sad. 
 
 Secretary Lyman J. Gage. 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury Lyman J. Gage 
 Issued the following announcement of Presi- 
 dent McKinley's death: 
 
 It has been thought proper to make sad 
 but official announcement in this issue of 
 treasury decisions of the tragic death of 
 William McKinley, twenty-flfth President of 
 the United States, and to give some ex- 
 pression of that tribute which hla character 
 and deeds compel. 
 
 It needed not the shadow of death to 
 make the figure of the late President loom 
 large In the estimate of mankind. 
 
 The republic he loved he lived to broaden I 
 
 and unify as no previous President had 
 done. Under his prudent and farseeing 
 statesmanship it took exalted place in the 
 community of nations. 
 
 From bis place as private citizen, on 
 through many and increasing honors, to his 
 final post as ruler of his people, ho re- 
 mained true to the highest ideals. 
 
 By the people of the nation at large and 
 by the world he was known and will live in 
 grateful annals as a gentleman ot noble 
 heart, an affectionate husband, a sturdy 
 friend and a faithful and illustrious Presi- 
 dent. 
 
 In a long public life ever open to his 
 fellows nothing was ever found, even by 
 intemperate partisan zeal, that would cast 
 a shade upon his character. 
 
 The kindly and unselfish tributes which 
 his colleagues knew and loved the public 
 felt, and now men of every faith and fol- 
 lowing join in reverent acknowledgment of 
 these distinctive virtues and abilities that 
 lift him among the truly great of all ages. 
 
 The passing of Presidents and kings usu- 
 ally evokes tributes of praise, but in Will- 
 lam McKinley's life there was an element 
 that made him more than ruler, and which, 
 in the hour of his death, is above the tribute 
 of speech and tears. 
 
 The ordinary tributes paid to the memory 
 ot the great when they pass from earth 
 utterly fail to satisfy the mind in an at- 
 tempted application of them to our dead 
 President. 
 
 Hon. Joseph B. Foraker. 
 United States Senator Joseph B. Forakcr 
 delivered the following eulogy at services 
 held in Cincinnati: 
 
 President McKinley died proud ot his work 
 and in the just expectation that time will 
 vindicate his wisdom, his purpose and his 
 labors — and It will. 
 
 What he was not permitted to finish vM 
 be taken up by other hands, and, when the 
 complete, crowning triumph comes, it will 
 rest upon the foundations he has laid. 
 
 His great loss to the country will not be in 
 connection with policies now in process of 
 solution, but rather in connection with new 
 questions. What he has marked out and put 
 the impress of his great name upon will re- 
 ceive the unquestioned support of his own 
 party and the great majority of the American 
 people. 
 
 He had so gained the confidence of his fol- 
 lowers and the whole country in his leader- 
 ship that practically all differences of opin- 
 ion on new propositions would have yielded 
 to his judgment. 
 
 The progress of events will not stop, ^ew 
 questions will arise— are arising— have aris- 
 en. With his calm, clear judgment and fore- 
 sight he saw and appreciated all this. His 
 last speech was a testimonial to this fact. 
 It was in many respects the ablest, most 
 thoughtful and the most statesmanlike utter- 
 ance he ever made. It was the triumphant 
 sequel to his long years of sturdy battle for 
 a protective tariff: a complete vindication of 
 all his predictions in that behalf, and, at the 
 same time, a fitting farewell to the Ameri- 
 can people whom he had served so well. 
 
 Who can exaggerate the gratification ho 
 must have experienced in polntilng out the 
 Immeasurable prosperity that has resulted 
 from the energizing effects of the policies he 
 had done so much to sustain? 
 
 Dwelling upon the fact that we had now 
 reached a point in the development ot our 
 industries where we are not only able to 
 supply our Home markets, but are producing 
 a large and constantly Increasing surplus, 
 for which we must find markets abroad, he 
 reminded us that, if we would secure these 
 markets and continue these happy conditions, 
 wo must not only maintain cordial rela- 
 tions with other nations, but must establish 
 such reciprocal relations ot trade as will 
 enable them to sell as well as to buy, and 
 Ihat in this great work wo should utilize 
 the protective elements ot existing duties 
 where it la no longer needed for purposes ot 
 
 protection. 
 
 Over tho details there will doubtlcas be 
 differences of opinion, but as to the general 
 proposition, his words will llvo after him to 
 speak with decisive authority. 
 
 But he no longer belongs to us alone. 
 
 We long ago gave him to the nation, and 
 the nation has given him to the world. There 
 is no place in all Christendom where his 
 name is not spoken with admiration and 
 cherished with affection. 
 
 The whole world mourns with us and pays 
 tribute to his memory; not because of his 
 public services, for they were rendered for 
 America, but for the gentleness of his nature 
 and the nobility of his character. In these 
 respects he Is without a rival since Sir Philip 
 Sidney. 
 
 He was of splendid presence, of pleas- 
 ing personality and of polished and graceful 
 address. There was no court in Europe 
 where his manner and deportment would not 
 have commanded the highest respect, and 
 yet it was all so natural and free from 
 simulation or affectation that he was always, 
 without any sacrifice of dignity or change ot 
 manner, familiarly at home with Abraham 
 Lincoln's common people of America. 
 
 He loved hl.9 countrymen and was never so 
 happy as when in their midst. From them he 
 constantly gathered suggestions and Ideas and 
 wisdom. The cares of state were never so ex- 
 actiDg that he could not give consideration to 
 the humblest, and his mind was never so 
 troubled that his heart wa.'? not full ot mercy. 
 .\s a public speaker he had few equals. His 
 voice was of pleasing tone and unusual car- 
 rying power. He had it under complete con- 
 trol. He could adapt it perfectly to any au- 
 dience or any subject. It was always in tuna 
 with the occasion. From one end of the land 
 to the other he was constantly in demand tor 
 public addresses. He responded to more 
 such calls probably than any other orator of 
 his time. Most of his speeches were of a 
 political character, yet he made many ad- 
 dresses on other subjects: but no matter when 
 or where or on what subject he spoke, he 
 never dealt In offensive personalities. He 
 drove home his points and routed his antagon- 
 ist with merciless logic, but never In any 
 other way wounded his sensibilities. 
 
 No language can adeauately tell of his de- 
 voted love and tender affection for the invalid 
 partner of all his joys and sorrows. Amidst 
 his many honors and trying duties she ever 
 reigned supreme in his affections. The story 
 of this love has gone to the ends of the earth, 
 and is written in the hearts of all mankind 
 everywhere. It is full of tenderness, full of 
 pathos, full of honor. It will be reneated and 
 cherished as long as the name of William Mc- 
 Kinley shall live. 
 
 It was these great qualities of the heart 
 that gave him the place he holds in the affec- 
 tions of other peoples. They claim him for 
 humanity's sake because they find in him 
 an expression of their highest aspiration. By 
 common consent, he honored the whole hu- 
 man race, and all the race will honor him. 
 But he was more than gentle. He was 
 thoroughly religious and too religious to be 
 guilty of any bigotry. 
 
 His broad, comprehensive views of man 
 and his duty in his relations to God enabled 
 him to have charity and resnect for all ■who 
 diltercd from his belief. His faith solaced 
 him in life and did net fail him when the 
 supreme test came. When he realzed the 
 work of the assassin, his first utterance was 
 a prayer that God would forgive the crime. 
 .■\s he surrendered himself to unconscious- 
 ness, from which he might never awake, that 
 surgery could do its work, he gently breathed 
 the Lord's prayer, "Thy kingdom come, Thy 
 will be done." 
 
 And when the dread hour of dissolution 
 overtook him and the last touchng farewell 
 had been spoken, he sank to rest murmur- 
 ing. "Nearer. My God. to Thee." 
 
 This was his last triumph and his great- 
 est. His whole lite was given to humanity, 
 but in his death we find his most priceless 
 legacy. 
 
 The touching story of that deathbed scene 
 will rest on generations yet unborn like a 
 soothing benediction. Such Christian forti- 
 tude and resignation give us a clearer con- 
 ception of what was in the apostle's mind 
 when he exclaimed, "O death, where la thy 
 sting? O grave, where is thy victory?" 
 
 The Hon. George F. Hoar. 
 United States Senator George F. Hoar, at 
 services held In Worcester, Mass., said: 
 "The voice of love and sorrow to-day U 
 
83 
 
 THE MC KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 Dot that which cometh from the lips. Silence, 
 the inward prayer, the quivering lip, the tears 
 of women and of bearded men, have been the 
 token of affection. This is the third time 
 within the memory of men not yet old that 
 the head of the republic has been stricken 
 by the assassin. Each was a man of the 
 people. Each had risen by sheer force of ex- 
 cellence from the humblest beginning. The 
 life of each was proof that in our great 
 country men rise from the lowest to the 
 highest places by virtue only of the upward 
 gravitation of manly character. 
 
 "The stroke every time was at liberty, not 
 at despotism. In the great strife of the ages 
 between equality and despotism, between 
 manhood and privilege, between justice and 
 oppression, these men were on the side of 
 humanity. If there were any on earth who 
 ought to have prayed and striven that the 
 life of Lincoln, or Garfield, or McKinley 
 should be spared, and their aspirations ful- 
 filled, it was the men who struck them down. 
 The man who murdered McKinley was a Pole, 
 of a race whose country had been parted 
 among the despots, but who had found here 
 the door open to freedom and equality, to 
 comfort and prosperity. At the moment of 
 the crime, this humble citizen was welcomed 
 to join hands as equal with the Chief Magis- 
 trate. This was a blow at the principle of 
 human equality itself, as it was recognized 
 by tho leader of a great people, on a great 
 public occasion. If there be anything of rea- 
 son or of hope in the wild delirium of these 
 conspirators, crimes like this are the sure 
 way to baffle it. The supreme and utter folly 
 of the crime would move us to laughter were 
 It not for the terrible tragedy. What has 
 ever been or ever can be gained by these 
 crimes? Bight strong men were ready in turn 
 to take the helm of state. The anarchist must 
 flay 75.000,000 Americans before he can over- 
 throw the republic or the doctrines on which 
 the republic is hullded. 
 
 "We shall, I hope, in due time, soberly, 
 when the tempest of grief has passed by, 
 find means for additional security against 
 the repetition of a crime like this. We shall 
 go as far as we can, without sacrificing con- 
 ■tltutional liberty, to repress the utterance 
 of doctrine which in effect is nothing but 
 counseling murder. We shall, also, I hope, 
 learn to moderate the bitterness of politi- 
 cal strife and to avoid savage attack on the 
 motive and character of men in high places. 
 • fault which, already disappearing from 
 ordinary controversy, seems to linger still 
 among our scholars and men of letters. Is 
 It strange that a Pole, bred to regard gov- 
 ernment as crime, should have failed to 
 learn that here government and liberty are 
 Inseparable, when there comes from the col- 
 lege hall, from the scholar's desk, and some- 
 times from press and pulpit, the constant 
 preaching that the country is base, and that 
 the rulers of the republic are corrupt and 
 wicked? Good men, and patriotic men, are 
 not all of them free from censure in this 
 matter. The man who is the most positive 
 and most Intolerant is the surest to be 
 wrong. The moral is, not that we should 
 abate our zeal for justice and righteousness 
 or our condemnation of wrong, but only that 
 we should abate in the severity of our judg- 
 ment of the motives of men from whom we 
 differ. These bitter and uncharitable critics, 
 especially If they speak from places which 
 Beem to give them authority, if their arrows 
 be feathered with the graces of speech and 
 of culture, also serve to arm and equip other 
 men more dangerous than themselves. It Is 
 they who are behind the anarchist. 
 
 "But this hour is devoted to th^ memory 
 of the dead. I can only repeat now what I 
 thank God it was given me to say while he 
 lived, that he was otir best beloved Presi- 
 dent, save only Washington and Lincoln. 
 The tributes to the excellence of President 
 McKinley do not come from personal or po- 
 litical friendship alone, and are not born of 
 present sorrow. Men who differed from him 
 In opinion most widely on the great questions 
 of the time loved and honored him if only 
 thev knew him. The belief that President 
 Mckinley lacked intellectual power, or 
 firmness, or strength of will, long ago dis- 
 appeared, as his countrymen came to know 
 him better. I do not believe there is a 
 stronger personal force left on earth than 
 that veiled by his quiet and gracious manner. 
 Those who denied his absolute Integrity and 
 
 patriotism and desire for justice and liberty 
 will as surely change their minds. 
 
 "Is there in history or in poetry the story 
 of a knightlier chivalry than that of this 
 man's devotion to the wife of his youth? 
 In the foremost household of the republic 
 has been the foremost example of that 
 household virtue, the love of husband and 
 wife, which is the one best thing man has 
 gained so far in the uncounted years of his 
 evolution He was a man of a simple, lofty, 
 quiet courage, as became an American citi- 
 zen and soldier. He might have avoided this 
 fate There were never wanting counselors 
 to bid him surround himself with guards, or 
 shut out the people from bis presence, or 
 keep away from the places where they were 
 gathered. But he would take no heed of 
 such warning. He liked better to trust him- 
 self to the affections of his countrymen. He 
 was thinking ever of their safety, not of bis 
 own. He would rather win his enemies than 
 intimidate them. , 
 
 "A.h my friends. If we have given to us in 
 this world a divine pattern and are com- 
 manded to imitate the divine example sure y 
 there can be no presumption or blasphemy in 
 saying that men have sometimes attained 
 unto it. If the spirit of Him who said in His 
 dying hour: 'Father forgive them, for they 
 know not what they do.' who if the cup vvere 
 not to pass from Him, submitted His own wui 
 to his Father's, and commended, in dying. 
 His spirit to the spirit that made it. ever 
 hath been manifested In the conduct of any 
 human being. It was found in that of McKin- 
 lev We will place him in our Valhalla. He 
 was a favorite of the people. He was a lead- 
 er of men. He knew the people that he ruled. 
 Hl= power was of the sunshine, not of tbe 
 teinpest. Whether the great measures with 
 which his name is inseparably connected were 
 wise or unwise, righteous or unrighteous 
 must be settled by later and more deliberate 
 verdict than ours. History ^''ll/'?^]^''';' '. 
 think, that he believed them right and wise, 
 that he loved his countrymen and loved IIB- 
 ertv Peace to his ashes. The benedictions 
 of "millions of Americans^ are falling now 
 upon his new made grave." 
 
 The Hon. Grover Cleveland. 
 
 Former Pre.sident of the United States Gro- 
 ver Cleveland said to the students in Prince- 
 
 ton: 
 
 To-day the grave closes over the man who 
 was but lately chosen by the people of the 
 United States to represent their sovereignty, 
 to protect and defend their constitution to 
 faithfully execute the laws made for their 
 welfare and to safely keep and uphold the 
 integrity of the republic. His term is closed 
 —not bv the lapse of time, hut by the trag- 
 edy of assassination. He passes from the 
 sight of the public— not joyfully bearing the 
 wreaths and garlands of his countrymen s 
 approving acclaim, but amid the sobs and 
 tears of a mourning nation. He has gone 
 to his home— not the habitation of earthly 
 peace and quiet, bright domestic joy and 
 comfort but to the dark and narrow house 
 appointed for all the sons of men, there to 
 rest until the morning light of the resur- 
 rection shall gleam in the East. 
 
 The whole nation loved their late Presi- 
 dent. His kindly dispodtion and affectionate 
 traits, his amiable consideration for all about 
 hm will long remain in the hearts of his 
 countrymen. He loved them in return with 
 such patriotism and unselfishness that in this 
 hour of their grief and humiliation he would 
 say to them, "It is God's will; I am content. 
 It there is a lesson in my life or death, let 
 it be taught to those who still live and have 
 the destinv of their country in their keep- 
 ing " Let us, then, as our dead is buried out 
 of our sight, seek for the lessons and admo- 
 nitions that are suggested by the life and 
 death that constitutes our theme. 
 
 First in my mind are the lessons to be 
 learned by the young men who make up the 
 student body of our university. These les- 
 sons are not obscure nor difficult. They 
 teach the value of study and mental training, 
 but they teach much more impressively that 
 the road to usefulness and to the only suc- 
 cess worth having will be missed or lost, 
 except it is sought and kept by the light 
 of those qualities of heart which it Is some- 
 times supposed may safely be neglected in 
 
 university surroundings. This Is a great 
 mistake. Study, and study hard. But never 
 let the thought enter your mind that study 
 alone or the greatest accumulation of learn- 
 ing alone will lead you to the heights of 
 usefulness and success. 
 
 The man wbo is universally mourned to- 
 day acquired the highest distinction which 
 his great country can confer on any man; 
 and he lived a useful life. He was not defi- 
 cient in education; but with all you will hear 
 of his grand career and his services to his 
 country and his fellow citizens, you will 
 never hear that either the high place he 
 reached or what he accomplished was due en- 
 tirely to his education. But you will instead 
 constantly hear, as accounting for his great 
 success, that he was obedient and affection- 
 ate as a son, patriotic and faithful as a sold- 
 ier, honest and upright as a citizen, tender 
 and dutiful as a husband, and truthful, gen- 
 erous, unselfish, moral and clean in every 
 relation of life. 
 
 He never thought any of these things too 
 weak for his manhood. Make no mistake. 
 He was a tc ost distinguished man — a great 
 man — a useful man — who became distin- 
 guished, great and useful because he had 
 and retained unimpaired qualities of heart 
 which I tear university students sometimes 
 feel like keeping in the background or aban- 
 doning. 
 
 There Is a most serious lesson for all of 
 us in the tragedy of our late President's 
 death. The shock of it is so great that it is 
 hard for us at this time to read the lesson 
 calmly. We can hardly fail to see. however, 
 behind the bloody deed of the assassin, hor- 
 rible figures and forces from which it will 
 not do to turn away. If we are to escape fur- 
 ther attack upon our peace and security, 
 we must boldly and constantly grapple with 
 the monster anarchy. It is not a thing that 
 we can safely leave to be dealt with by party 
 or partisanship. Nothing can guarantee us 
 against its menace except the teachings and 
 practice of the best citizenship, the exposure 
 of the ends and aims of the gospel of dis- 
 content and hatred of social order, and the 
 brave enactment and execution of repressive 
 laws. 
 
 Our universities and colleges cannot refuse 
 to join in the battle against the tendencies 
 of anarchy. Their help in discouraging and 
 warning against the relationship between 
 vicious counsel and deeds of blood, and their 
 steadying influence upon the elements of un- 
 rest, cannot tail to be of inestimable value. 
 By the memory of our murdered president, 
 let us strive to cultivate and preserve the 
 qualities that made him great and useful, 
 and let us determine to meet the call of pa- 
 triotic duty in every time of our country'* 
 danger or need. 
 
 Mr. Cleveland's Address at th* Public 
 Services. 
 
 The Hon. Grover Cleveland, who met with 
 the people at a public memorial service in 
 the First Church, Princeton, in the after- 
 noon, delivered the following address: 
 
 My friends — I cannot refrain from saying 
 a word this afternoon, but it must be only 
 a word. The death of our lamented Presi- 
 dent and the solemnities that followed it 
 have especially touched me. I not only sus- 
 tain my full share of the grief which Is 
 common to all my fellow-citizens, but It 
 seems to me that I have been brought within 
 a more inner circle of relationship to these 
 things exclusively my own. I recall with 
 sharp distinctness when our dead Presi- 
 dent came from his home to receive on a 
 surrender from my own hands the great 
 office to which he had been elected. I re- 
 member the pleasant social meetings we had 
 together and the technical formalities that 
 passed between us at the time; and I re- 
 member how through it all the incoming 
 President in his amiable manner manifested 
 his serious appreciation of the responsi- 
 bilities he was about to assume. .\n inci- 
 dent, which is interesting now, occurred on 
 our wav to the Capitol, where he was to 
 take the oath of office. As we sat side by 
 side amid the cheers of many thousands of 
 his rejoicing fellow-citizens and friends, 
 while he acknowledged these hearty greet- 
 ings In the most friendly manner, he wore 
 
THE MC KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 33 
 
 the sober expression that plainly showed 
 his thoughts were on the solemn things 
 that awaited him. I shall never forget his 
 manner when he turned to me and said; 
 "What an Impressive thing It is to assume 
 tremendous responsibilites." I have always 
 thought since, that I was in possession of 
 the key to his manner of administration. 
 
 I recall our parting at the White House 
 on our return there from the inauguration 
 ceremonies and the exchange of hearty good 
 wishes for each other — he, the President, 
 and I, the private citizen. As I held the 
 hand and wished for him the greatest 
 possible measure of success. I added; "And 
 I hope. Mr. President, when your term ends 
 you will not have all the reasons that I now 
 have to welcome retirement." 
 
 Hardly more than forty-eight hours ago 
 I went to Washington again and, for the 
 flrst time since I went with Mr. McKinley, 
 I again visited the Capitol building. Again 
 my presence was related to him, but my 
 way there was lined with quiet, sad, weep- 
 ing men and women, and when I arrived I 
 stood by his coffin. He had met the respon- 
 sibilities he so keenly realized when we 
 went there together. The manner in which 
 he had met and borne them had been known 
 to God and approved by his fellow country- 
 men, and his accounts had been., submitted 
 to God for final audit. .A.s the Incidents of 
 the time when I saw him assume these re- 
 sponsibilities crowded Into my mind, the 
 thought came upon me with tremendous 
 Impressiveness that I had seen and been 
 related In a most intimate way to the begin- 
 ning of a distinguishing presidential career 
 of which the end was before me in death — 
 death with honor and death without fear of 
 the judgment seat of God. What is there 
 left behind for our people by the President 
 we mourn? He has left us a priceless gift 
 in his example of a useful and pure life, of 
 his fidelity to public trust, and his demon- 
 stration of the value of the kindly virtues 
 that not only ennoble mankind, but lead 
 to success. It is for us who remain to 
 enforce this example and make it a saving 
 influence for good in all our progress as a 
 nation and in every vicissitude that awaits 
 our future. 
 
 We are in church to-day: and the 
 churches throughout the land are open to 
 memorial services. These services should 
 be but the beginning of more strenuous 
 exertions on the part of our churches to 
 arouse our people to their obligations in the 
 fulfillment of every civic duty and to the en- 
 forcement of the fact that the laws of God, 
 if kept and obeyed, are sufficient for all our 
 needs and vicissitudes. God still lives and 
 reigns, and He will not turn His face from 
 us. who have always been objects of His 
 kindness and love. 
 
 Cardinal James Gibbons. 
 
 Cardinal Gibbons made the following ad- 
 dress at services held at the Cathedral in 
 Baltimore, Md.: 
 
 "It has been my melancholy experience In 
 the course of my sacred ministry to be 
 startled by the assassination of three Pres- 
 idents of the United States. .Abraham Lin- 
 coln was shot in 1S65. James A. Garfield was 
 mortally wounded In 18S1 and William Mc 
 Kinley received a fatal wound on the sixth 
 day of September. Mr. Lincoln was shot ui 
 
 a theater. Mr. Garfield was shot while about 
 tcr take a train to enjoy a needed vacation, 
 and our late beloved President fell by the 
 hand of an assassin while lending the pres- 
 tige ol his name and Influence to the success 
 oi a national exposition. 
 
 "In the annals of crime it is diflicult to find 
 an Instance of murder so atrocious, so wanton 
 and meaningless &s the assassination of Mr. 
 McKinley. Some reason or pretext has been 
 usually assigned for the sudden taking away 
 of earthly rulers. Belshazzar, the Impious 
 King of Chaldea, spent his last night in rev- 
 eling and drunkenness and profanity. He 
 was suddenly struck dead by the hand of the 
 Lord. 
 
 "How different was the life of our chief 
 magistrate. No court in Europe or in the 
 civilized world was more conspicuous for 
 moral rectitude and purity, or more free from 
 the breath of scandal than the official home of 
 President McKinley. He would have adorned 
 any court In Christendom by his civic vlrtures. 
 
 "Brutus plunged his dagger Into the heart 
 of Caesar because of his overweening ambi- 
 tion. Whatever may have been the errors of 
 judgment on the part of our late President 
 (and who is free from them?) no man can 
 honestly charge him with tyranny or ofiicial 
 corruption. 
 
 "The Redeemer ot mankind waa betrayed 
 by the universal symbol of love. If I may 
 reverently make the comparison, the Presi- 
 dent was betrayed by the universal emblem oE 
 friendship. Christ said to Judas. 'Friend, be- 
 trayest thou the son ot man with a kiss?' The 
 President could have said to his alayer, 'Be- 
 trayest thou the head of the nation with the 
 grasp of the hand?' He was struck down sur- 
 rounded by a host of his fellow citizens, every 
 one of wliom would have gladly risked his 
 life In defense of his beloved chieftain. 
 
 "Few presidents were better equipped than 
 Mr. McKinley for the exalted position which 
 he filled. When a mere youth he entered the 
 Union army as a private soldier during the 
 Civil War, and was promoted for gallant ser- 
 vice on the field ot battle to the rank ot ma- 
 jor. He served his country tor about four- 
 teen years In the halls of Congress, and to- 
 ward the close of his term he became one ot 
 the most conspicuous figures in that body. 
 He afterward served his state as governor. 
 
 ■'.\s President he was thorouehly conver- 
 sant with the duties of his offlee. and could 
 enter into its most minute details. His char- 
 acteristic virtues were courtesy and polite- 
 ness, patience and forbearance, and masterly 
 self control under very trying circumstances. 
 When unable to grant a favor he had the rare 
 and happy talent to disappoint the applicant 
 witbout offending him. 
 
 "The domestic virtues ot Mr. McKinley 
 were worthy of all praise. He was a model 
 husband. Amid the pressing and engrossing 
 duties of his ofllcial lite he would frc-u time 
 to time snath a tew moments to devote to 
 the invalid and loving partner of his joys 
 and sorrows. O, what a change has come 
 over this afflicted woman! Yesterday she 
 was the flrst woman ot the land, to-day she is 
 a disconsolate and broken hearted widow. 
 Let us beseech Him, who comforted the 
 widow of Nain that Ho console this woman 
 in her hour of desolation. 
 
 "It Is a sad reflection that some fanatic 
 or miscreant has It In his power to take the 
 life ot the head ot the nation, and to throw 
 the whole country Into mourning. It was, 
 no doubt, this thought that inspired some 
 writers within the last tew days to advise 
 
 that the President should henceforth abstain 
 from public receptions and handshaking, and 
 that greater protection should be given to his 
 person. 
 
 "You might have surrounded him with co- 
 horts, defended with bayonets, and have him 
 followed by argus eyed detectives, and yet 
 he will not be proof against the stroke ot 
 the assassin. Are not the crowned heads ot 
 Europe usually attended by military forces, 
 and yet how many of them have perished at 
 the hand of some criminal? No. Let the 
 President continue to move among his people 
 and take them by the hand. The strongest 
 shield of our Chief Magistrate is the love 
 and devotion of his fellow citizens. The most 
 effective way to stop such crimes is to inspire 
 the rising generation with greater reverence 
 for the constituted authorities and a greater 
 horror for any in;sult or injury to their per- 
 son. .\11 seditious language should be sup- 
 pressed. Incendiary speech is too often an 
 incentive to criminal acts on the part ot 
 many to whom the transition from words to 
 deeds Is easy. 
 
 "Let it be understood once tor all that the 
 authorities are determined to crush the ser- 
 pent of anarchy whenever it lifts it venomous 
 head. 
 
 "We have prayed for the President's life 
 hut it did not please God to grant our peti- 
 tion. Let no one infer from this that our 
 prayers were in vain. Xo fervent prayer 
 ascending to the throne of heaven remains 
 unanswered. Let no one say what a woman 
 remarked to me on the occasion of Presi- 
 dent Garfield's death. 'I have prayed,' she 
 said, 'tor the President's life. My family 
 have prayed for him, our congregation 
 prayed for him, the city prayed for him. the 
 state prayed for him. the nation prayed for 
 him, and yet he died. What, then, is the 
 use of prayer?' God answers our petitions', 
 either directly or indirectly. If He does not 
 grant us what we ask. He gives us some- 
 thing equivalent or better. If He has not 
 saved the life of the President, He preserves 
 the life of the nation, which Is of more im- 
 portance than the life of an indivdual. He 
 has infused into the hearts of the .\merican 
 people a greater reverence tor the head ot 
 the nation, and a greater abhorrence of as- 
 sassination. He has intensified and ener- 
 gized our love of country and our devotion 
 to our political institutions. 
 
 "What a beautiful spectacle to behold 
 prayers ascending from tens of thousands 
 of temples throughout the land to the 
 throne ot mercy! Is not this universal up- 
 lifting of minds and hearts to God a sub- 
 lime profession of our faith and trust in 
 Him? Is not this national appeal to heaven 
 a most eloquent recognition of God's super- 
 intending providence over us? .-Vnd such 
 earnest and united prayers will not fail 
 to draw down upon us the blessings of the 
 .Almighty. 
 
 "The President Is dead! Long live the 
 President! William McKinley has passed 
 away, honored and mourned by the nation. 
 Theodore Roosevelt succeeds to the title, 
 the honors and responsibilities of the presi- 
 dential office. Let his tellow citizens rally 
 round him. Let them uphold and sustain 
 him in bearing the formidable burden sud- 
 denly thrust upon him. May he be equal 
 to the emergency and fulflll his duties with 
 credit to himself, and may his administra- 
 tion redound to the peace and prosperity of 
 the American peopls." 
 
Memorial Setylces* 
 
 GREAT ASSEMSnES OF THE PEOPLE 
 
 TRIBUTES TO THE CHARACTER C-F THE DE- 
 
 PARTED PRESIDENT. 
 
 In accordance with the proclamation of the 
 President ot the United States, memorial 
 Bervices in honor of the life and character of 
 William McKinley, late President, were held 
 all over the country on Thursday, September 
 19. Brooklyn people manifested their sor- 
 row in common with mankind everywhere on 
 this occasion. Many ot the tributes to the 
 excellence of the departed President have 
 been presented, and are given herewith. The 
 outpouring of the people was immense. Many 
 churches united in service and there were 
 overflow meetings as a natural result. Espe- 
 cially at the First Reformed Church on Bed- 
 ford avenue, in the Eastern District was this 
 noticeable. There sixteen churches united 
 and held services. So great was the crush 
 that Sr. John's M. E. Church, a few blocks 
 distant, was called upon to take care of the 
 overflow. In many other churches the seat- 
 ing and standing capacity was Inadequate. 
 
 President Eoosevelt's Proclamation. 
 
 By the President of the United States ot 
 America. A proclamation: 
 
 A terrible bereavement has befallen our 
 people. The President ot the United States 
 
 their edifice. The announcement was mnds 
 to the crowds of people who were waiting in 
 front of the Reformed Church and straight- 
 way there was a rush for 3t. John's, which 
 was filled in a very short time. Dr. McKcI- 
 way. the speaker ot the evening, had con- 
 sented to speak at the overflow. He went 
 there first. The Rev. Fred E. Taylor ot the 
 Central Baptist Church presided at this meet- 
 ing. The Rev. John G. Ditmars ot the Ains- 
 lie Street Baptist Church led the audience 
 in prayer, after which the presiding minister 
 read "Nearer, My God. to Thee" and the 
 assemblage sang it. Then Dr. McKelway 
 was introduced and he talked tor thirty-five 
 minutes. His address was not at all the 
 same as that he delivered later at the Fir=t 
 Reformed Church. Following Dr. McKelway 
 
 ford'avenue iVVhe Easte"rn''D^strict' was^this | the Rev. Frederick _Saunders of the South 
 
 noticeable. There sixteen churches united 
 
 and held services last night. So great was 
 
 the crush that St. John's M. E. Church, a 
 
 day ot September, A. D. one thousand nine 
 hundred and one, and of the independence of 
 the United States the one hundred and 
 twenty-sixth. 
 
 THEODORE ROOSEVELT. 
 
 By the President, John Hay, Secretary ot 
 State. 
 
 Services In Bedford Avenue Heformed 
 Churcli. 
 
 All over Brooklyn on September 19 the 
 churches held services in memorlam of 
 the late President McKinley. The out- 
 pouring ot the people was immense. Many 
 churches united in service and there were 
 overflow meetings as a natural result. Espe- 
 cially at the First Reformed Church on Bed 
 
 tew blocks distant, was called upon to take 
 care ot the overflow. In many other churches 
 the seating and standing capacity was in- 
 adequate. 
 At the meeting in the First Reformed 
 
 ,--r--- Church at Bedford avenue and Clymer street. 
 
 has been struck down; a crime committed , ^^^^^ churches participated: All Souls' 
 
 not only against the Chief Magistrate, but | uni^^e^saiigt^ ^he Rev. Almon Gunnison. D. 
 
 against every law-abiding and liberty-loflng | ^ acting pastor; Calvary Protestant Epis- 
 
 citizen. 
 
 President McKinley crowned a life of larg- 
 est love tor his fellow men, of most earnest 
 endeavor tor their welfare, by a death ot 
 Christian fortitude; and both the way in 
 which he lived his life and the way in which. 
 In the supreme hour of trial, he met his 
 death, will remain forever a precious herit- 
 age of our people. 
 
 It is meet that we as a Nation express 
 our abiding love and reverence for his lite, 
 our deep sorrow for his untimely death. 
 
 Now, therefore, I, Theodore Roosevelt, 
 President ot the United States of America, 
 do appoint Thursday next, September 19. the 
 day in which the body of the dead Presi- 
 dent will be laid in its last earthly resting 
 place, a day of mourning and prayer through- 
 out the United States. 
 
 I earnestly recommend all the people to 
 assemble on that day in their respective 
 places ot divine worship, there to bow down 
 In submission to the will of Almighty God 
 and to pay out of full hearts their homage 
 ot love and reverence to the great and good 
 President whose death has smitten the Na- 
 tion with bitter grief. 
 
 In witness whereof I have hereunto set 
 my hand and caused the seal ot the United 
 Btates to be aflixed. 
 Done at the City ot ■^'ashington, the 14th 
 
 copal, the Rev. C. L. Twing; Central Baptist, 
 the Rev. Frederick E. Taylor; Church of the 
 Redeemer, the Rev. S. G. Weiskotten; First 
 Baptist, the Rev. Milton F. Negus; First Free 
 Baptist, the Rev. Rivington D. Lord, D. D.; 
 First Reformed, the Rev. Howard '^'ilbur 
 Ennis; First United Presbyterian, the Rev. J. 
 L. Hervey; Ross Street Presbyterian, the 
 Rev. John Erskine Adams; South Second 
 Street Methodist Episcopal, the Rev. Fred- 
 erick Saunders; South Third Street Presby- 
 terian, the Rev. J. D. Wells, D. D., the Rev. 
 N. Woolsey Wells, D. D.; St. John's Metho- 
 dist Episcopal, the Rev. David G. Downey, 
 D. D. ; St. Paul's German Methodist Episco- 
 pal, the Rev. Louis Wallon; Temple Beth 
 Elohim, the Rev. Leopold Wintner, D. D. ; 
 United Congregational, the Rev. Luther R. 
 Dyott; Zion African Methodist Episcopal, the 
 Rev. J. T. Gaskell. 
 
 The First Reformed Church could not hold 
 the enormous crowd that tried to gain ad- 
 mission to the edifice and hundreds had to 
 be turned away. 
 
 Overflo-w Meeting in St. John's M. E. 
 Church. 
 About half past seven o'clock the sugges- 
 tion was made to hold an overflow meeting 
 and the people of St. John's Church offered 
 
 Second Street M. E. Church made an address, 
 after which the Rev. Frederick Taylor pro- 
 nounced the benediction. 
 
 The Reformed Church pews were filled 
 rapidly from the moment the doors were 
 thrown open and ere long the aisles and the 
 corridors, in the rear were choked up. Theu 
 the ushers had to turn the belated ones away 
 —and they could hardly be designated as be- 
 lated ones, either, tor people were being 
 turned away from the door8> of the church as 
 early as 7:30 o'clock. At 8 o'clock, the time 
 for the commencement of the exercises, it 
 was impossible to get as far as the outer 
 entrance to the church. The corridors were 
 filled with people crowded so closely together 
 that there was scarcely moving room. And 
 the people who were refused admittance 
 turned away with sorrowful faces. 
 
 There was no attempt at decorations in the 
 interior of the church. Its very simplicity 
 In this respect was a silent tribute to the 
 simplicity ot the man whose memory was to 
 be honored. In front of the platform a picture 
 of the dead President had been placed, sur- 
 rounded by the American flag interwoven with 
 bands ot crepe and with palm leaves inter- 
 twined and wound around the portrait and 
 gathered beneath with black and white rib- 
 bon. In the solemn faces of the people as- 
 sembled in the church there was grief and 
 sorrow. 
 
 The services were presided over by the 
 Rev. Dr. Rivington D. Lord ot the First 
 Free Baptist Church. When the services 
 began there were seated about nim on the 
 platform many prominent ministers, connect- 
 ed in most instances with the churches par- 
 ticipating in the exercises and several lay- 
 men. Among those on the platform were tha 
 Rev. Dr. J. D. Wells, the Rev. Howard Wil- 
 bur Ennis. the Rev. D. G. Downey, the Rev. 
 
THE MC KIXLKY MKXIORIAL. 
 
 35 
 
 Milton F. Negus, the Rev. Dr. Leopold Wint- 
 rier of Temple Beth Elohim. the Rev. John 
 Brsklne Adams, Dr. St. Clair McKelway, the 
 speaker of the evening. Herbert F. Gunnison 
 »nd William C. Bryant. 
 
 The service began with an organ prelude, 
 "Funeral Dirge." Chopin, after which the 
 choir, under the dircclion of Frank von 
 Neer, sang the hymn. "Prayer for the Na- 
 tion." After the singing of this hymn, the 
 Rev. Milton F. Negus of the First Baptist 
 Church invoked the divine blessinc, and the 
 anthem. "Blessed Are the Departed," was 
 gung by the choir. Rabbi Leopold Wlnt- 
 ner then read the Scripture lesson from 
 Kings ii:l-15, after which the Rev. Dr. W. 
 G. Downey of St. John's M. E. Church offered 
 prayer. Then the hymn. "Lead, Kindly 
 Light." was sung by the congregation, and 
 the Rev. Dr. John Erskiue Adams of the 
 Ross Street Presbyterian Church read Presi- 
 dent Roosevelt's proclamation on the death 
 of President McKinley. 
 
 Dr. Lord introduced the Rev. Dr. J. D. 
 Wells, who delivered a brief address, fraught 
 with tender feeling, on the circumstance that 
 brought the congregation together. Dr. Wells 
 eaid in part: 
 
 Address of the Eev. John J). Wells. 
 
 "What is the meaning of this large gath- 
 ering in this house and of similar gatherings 
 not far away and many others in cities and 
 villages •ll over the land? What Is the 
 meaning of this draping of almost all the 
 public buildings and all the private resi- 
 dences? What is the meaning of this sus- 
 pension of business, the arrest of travel and, 
 Btill more significant, what is the meaning 
 of the messages coming to our land from all 
 other lands — from far-off China and Spain, 
 Berlin, India? 
 
 "We all know what is the meaning of these 
 things. We are under the shadow of a 
 great personal, national and worldwide sor- 
 row such as this nation and the world has 
 never known. Some of us were here In '65 
 and '81, but no such shadow as this has ever 
 fallen on the land before from a similar 
 cause." 
 
 Dr. Wells then went on to say that the 
 people of the country must look to God for 
 the greatest consolation In this hour of ca- 
 lamity and said that as long as we can 
 transfer to His government our attributes 
 we can diminish our sorrow. 
 
 "There is another source of comfort," he 
 said. "The dead man has reached the con 
 summation of his ambition. Ho has gone to 
 be with his fathers. He has gone to be 
 one of the elite of the universe about the 
 throne of God. The calmness with which he 
 approached death, the heroism of his endur- 
 ance breathed his submission to God and his 
 desire to be with God. 
 
 "Another source of consolation Is that an- 
 archism is doomed, if It is not dead already." 
 At this point in his address the congregation 
 applauded, but Dr. Wells cut It short and 
 requested that It be not repeated. "An- 
 archism," he continued, "w-hich has raised 
 itself against every institution qt God, the 
 family, the church and the state. Is doomed. 
 It has been permitted too long to write and 
 act. One comfort work. For decades the 
 God of our nation has bep.i preparing a man 
 to take the place of the TAn Ho was about 
 to take home. Without a jar the arrange- 
 ment is made and while the dear President 
 McKinley is enjoying his place above the 
 new President takes the place for which he is 
 chosen. Informs the Cabinet to keep theirs, 
 and announces his Intention to maintain the 
 policy of his predecessor and may the spirit 
 of our glorified President rest on the young- 
 est President the nation has ever known." 
 
 At the conclusion of Dr. Wells' address, 
 the favorite hymn of the dead President, 
 "Nearer, My God. to Thee," was sung and 
 then Dr. Low Introduced Dr. St. Clair Mc- 
 Kelway. Dr. McKelway. In opening his ad- 
 dress, said that he regretted the fact that 
 he had not been able to be present at all of 
 the exercls€s because he had had to speak 
 at the services being held at St. John's M. 
 E. Church, where the people turned away 
 trom the First Reformed Church, had assem- 
 
 bled. Dr. McKelway then delivered an ad- 
 dress on "The Causes and Duties of the 
 Time" He spoke as follows: 
 
 St. Clair McKelway's Address. 
 "My friends — We meet upon the request of 
 our living President to do what honor we 
 can to our dead President. Such a request 
 is an obligation. Without official suggestion 
 the people would have assembled for this 
 purpose, but their gatherings would not have 
 had upon them the impressive stamp of na- 
 tionality. In such case they might have been 
 scattered, diffused and no matter how sin- 
 cere, to a degree Ineffective. But when the 
 hearts of Americans are re-enforced by the 
 act of their government, then that broad ap- 
 peal Is carried w-hich naturally, and there- 
 fore easily, takes the form of union services 
 blending every variety of political and of 
 religious opinion In their expression, and 
 raising expression itself to the plane of pa- 
 triotism and of prayer whereon the people 
 can walk in the unity of spirit, in the bonds 
 of peace and in righteousness of life. 
 
 "This is an occasion not only for sorrow 
 but for Instruction. He who was our Presi- 
 dent Is dead, but in the words of Jamea A. 
 Garfield, the martyr President who preceded 
 William McKinley Into the silences, 'Gor. 
 reigns, and the government at Washington 
 still lives.' Nearly two weeks have passed 
 since the awful deed befell which darkened 
 the sky and shocked the earth. The first 
 week measured the duration of a merciful 
 delusion of recovery which gave to the victim 
 period to make his peace with God and to 
 the nation time to realize Its duty to the 
 Institutions of which it has been put In 
 trust. The second week has been occupied 
 with the simple but stately obsequies of our 
 dead and with the confluence of the grief of 
 the world at his loss, and of the praise of all 
 mankind for his career and character. In the 
 closing hours of that second week we are 
 here met to attest our sorrow that he has 
 gone, our sympathy with those most nearly 
 bereaved by his demise, our thankfulness 
 that he was what he was, that he did what 
 he did, and our confidence that a nation of 
 which he was not the consummate, but 
 only a characteristic development. Is a na- 
 tion In whose hands government of the peo- 
 ple, by the people and for the people is so 
 securely placed that it shall never perish 
 from the earth. 
 
 "Even here and now we should discriminate 
 between the mere time or tact of his death 
 and the method or the cause of it. 'It is 
 appointed unto all men once to die, and after 
 death the judgment.' We should not have 
 had him always with us, tor his Immortality 
 was registered for heaven and not for earth. 
 We might not have been able to save him 
 even to the end of his elected term from ac- 
 cident or disease. To death by the ordination 
 of nature we could have been reconciled. It 
 would have brought sorrow, but not shock. 
 It would have brought tears, but not Indig- 
 nation or horror. It would have brought 
 pain, but no tendency toward despair and 
 no shuddering sense of insecurity. It would 
 have brought a consideration of the constitu- 
 tional condition of the President only. It 
 would not have forced a consideration of 
 dastardly and dangerous conditions in the 
 constitution of our American life. When 
 William Henry Harrison died of pneumonia 
 after but a month In the Presidential office 
 there was surprise and grief, but there was no 
 alarm. When Za.-hary Taylor difd of fever 
 In the sixteenth month of his Presidency there 
 was mourning, but there was no misgiving. 
 Presidents are but mortal. Their mere de- 
 mise has marked Blgnlftcance, but of itself 
 It carries in it no reason for national fear 
 or national terror. The mode and the cause 
 of this death alone concern us. 
 
 TWO PRIOR ASSASSINATIONS OF PRESI- 
 DENTS AND THE CAUSE. 
 "The mode was assassination. It has 
 been twice before employed against our 
 Presidents. Three times in thirty-six years 
 would seem almost to naturalize the hideous 
 method here. We must not look at thai 
 
 statement with Incredulity. Wo must look 
 at it with the calmness with which we would 
 look at the same fact in a foreign state. 
 Foreign states are looking at it in that way 
 in their scrutiny of this nation. Only as 
 we look at it in that way can we approach 
 efficiency in guarding against It. If we dis- 
 believe that It will occur again we will give 
 encouragement to its repetition. It we 
 neither believe nor disbelieve that it will 
 occur again and just take chances on It. the 
 very conditions for Its recurrence will be 
 planted by ourselves. Our three presiden- 
 tial assassinations were three effects. The 
 cause of the first effect was sectional sav- 
 agery. The cause of the second effect was 
 factional fury. The cause of the third effect 
 is anarchy. Anarchy Is not an evil which 
 feeds upon itself. It Is fed by Influences 
 that have only been superficially touched In 
 all of the much which has already been said 
 concerning them. The supreme manifesta- 
 tions of anarchy are not the only ones. They 
 are only the most sensational. The most 
 sensational nowhere occur without the con- 
 currence of many lesser manifestations far 
 too generally unregarded. Here our respon- 
 sibility lies. 
 
 "Abraham Lincoln was a grand man, but 
 he was painted as a monster, and was be- 
 lieved to bo a monster by the arrant and 
 errant egotist who slew him. Those who 
 painted him as a monster believed in slavery 
 as profoundly as he believed in freedom. One 
 section of this Union cherished and culti- 
 vated slavery, and the other section toler- 
 ated It and compromised with it. Cotton 
 was conscience on the one side, and con- 
 science was cotton on the other. A house 
 divided against Itself could not stand. The 
 house did not fall, but It did not cease to be 
 divided until its foundations and timbers 
 were mortised in freedom and cemented with 
 blood. The process was passionately tragic 
 and It created a school of estimate concern- 
 ing Abraham Lincoln which to those con- 
 sumed or crazed by It made his extermina- 
 tion wear the white color of a laudable act. 
 The error was colossal. The extermination 
 was as unwise as it was cruel. The South 
 was a far greater loser than the North. Still 
 the assassin was not a solitary exponent of 
 a delusion. He was only the perverted in- 
 strument of the pro-slavery, anti-freedom, 
 dis-Union spirit epidemic among millions of 
 men, women and children. Lincoln paid the 
 price of pre-eminent devotion to a cause 
 which antagonized an evil that the nation It- 
 self had fostered, flattered and fed. Booth 
 was slavery Incarnate and infuriate. 
 
 "James A. Garfield owed his death less to 
 Guiteau than to the causes to which Guiteau 
 owed the capability and purpose to do what 
 he did. The Constitution makes the Presi- 
 dent of the United States the fountain of ap- 
 pointment, and the Senate of the United 
 States the channel of consent or dissent to 
 appointment. The two functions are sepa- 
 rate and distinct. The confusion of them 
 involves an inversion of relationships de- 
 structive of orderly government, of executive 
 independence and of Senatorial duty. It in- 
 volves a violation of the reasonable expecta- 
 tion that departments will keep themselves 
 in their proper separate spheres. It involves 
 usurpations of Executive powers by Senato- 
 rial agents or the nullification of Senatorial 
 rights by Executive usurpation. The claim of 
 Senators to be deputy Presidents Is dictation. 
 The number of our Senate under such a claim 
 makes our dictators ninety, and that num- 
 ber Is eighty-nine times worse than one 
 would be. It was this claim which made 
 Guiteau believe that his faction was robbed 
 of Its rights by the Chief Magistrate whom 
 he killed. On tho tolerance of the claim by 
 the nation rested the blood of Garfield as 
 truly as it rested on the hands of Guiteau. 
 because on that tolerance rested tho craze 
 that ran like fire through his cross-cut mind. 
 We are getting our assassination effects back 
 to their causes. 
 
 "One cannot believe that these two cause* 
 wilt ever again produce such effects here. 
 SLivery is no more. It set and systematized 
 sectionalism in oi;r national life. But the 
 sectionalism of slavery tore Its way out when 
 the devil of slavery was exorcised by the 
 genius of freedom. There is still some sec- 
 tionalism In our national life. But the 
 causes of It are local, and tho duration of 
 Utose causes cannot but bo temporary. lU 
 
86 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 manipulators are the pirates of politics; its 
 orators are the barbarians o£ tlie platform, 
 and its editors are the degenerates of jour- 
 nalism. It is dying out, and it need not 
 further concern us. As to the other cause, 
 the substitution of law for caprice in office- 
 filling checks the rapacity of parties and 
 decreases the predatory Instincts of Presi- 
 dents and of Senates. TVe now look back 
 both on slavery and on the spoils system, the 
 latter of which evils rose to its extreme in 
 the killing of Garfield, as shames and scan- 
 dals and reproaches out of %vhich the nation 
 has been lifted and superior to which the 
 nation walks. We have purged ourselves ot 
 much of the evils which bred Booth and 
 grew Guiteau and in doing that we have 
 admitted logically, but not so penitently as 
 We should, our responsibility for the condi- 
 tl(v-^ which were responsible for them. As- 
 Si.^1nations as effects from these two causes 
 need hardly be further apprehended. 
 
 ANARCHY THE CAUSE NOW. 
 "And now as to anarchy. What is it? It 
 comes from two words, signifying 'against 
 government,' or 'no government.' It can 
 eilh.er be a state of mind or a condition of 
 affairs. A man convinced that every one can 
 order and manage his relations to others 
 better than government can is an anarchist 
 In his thought, though he may be nowhere 
 else. With a state of mind we cannot quar- 
 rel. Nor with the mere and sheer e.xpresslon 
 of it can we quarrel. But we can quarrel 
 with the consequences or the liabilities of it 
 in case either be dangerous — in ease either 
 incites or tends to Incite to the violation of 
 law. There are dreamers who are specu- 
 lative anarchists. They are tedious, invirile 
 and harmless as a rule. But the line between 
 dreaming and doing is not always easy to 
 draw. An academic state of mind is prone 
 to produce action in keeping with it. Think- 
 ing on anarchy as a proposition is likely to 
 outwork into anarchy as a fact. An arbitrary 
 deposit of Incorrigible criminals on a deso- 
 late island, leaving them to themselves, 
 would produce a state of anarchy till govern- 
 ment was evolved from among them by force 
 or choice. Their irruption on another island 
 which was under rule and their overthrow of 
 that rule would produce the anarchy which 
 their own detachment from government would 
 present in the first instance. Thus anarchy 
 as a condition can occur where no govern- 
 ment is, or where instituted government has 
 been destroyed. It is essential to bear in 
 mind the distinction between anarcKy in 
 thought and anarchy as a produced result. 
 With the latter or with effort to bring it 
 about government can deal. With academic 
 or speculative anarchy doctors or teachers 
 may be able to deal. For mental anarchy 
 are asylums or schools. For materialized 
 anarchy are policemen, armies, prisons, the 
 gallows and electric chairs. 
 
 "Be not surprised that anarchy has no- 
 where been made prevalent. It is almost un- 
 thinkable, it is certainly intolerable, it is 
 practically impossible. Were all anarchists 
 herded by themselves they could never find 
 a working basis for their creed. It would 
 cross the instinct of self preservation, and 
 the necessity ot some sort of organization. 
 Even a plan to teach it would involve mas- 
 ters and pupils— and that would be leaders 
 and followers; that would be government; 
 tnat would be negation of anarchy. Anarchy 
 Js not communism. Communism is pan-gov- 
 jj-iiment. the government ot all. .Vnarchy is 
 not socialism. Socialism is the throwing on 
 government of not only the functions of the 
 state, but of those of home, church, labor, 
 and every other subdivision of individual 
 effort or voluntary organization. Unless we 
 avoid confusion and stick closely to correct 
 definitions we will mix anarchy up with its 
 direct opposites. One-half of current think- 
 ing and two-thirds of current statement on 
 the subject are radically wrong. If the prob- 
 lem brought before us by this tragedy be 
 not rightly stated, the lesson of it will be 
 lost. And that would be a calamity more 
 dire than the one which has befallen the na- 
 tion. 
 
 "Anarchy, of course, strikes at the head 
 of the state. Its olijective is government. 
 Government personifies to the head of the 
 state. The head Is the one person whose 
 destruction signifies the war between anarchy 
 and government. Challenge to authority. 
 
 hostility to order, can be indicated so well 
 in no other way. Always President, or sov- 
 ereign, or prime minister is booked for de- 
 struction, that the reptignance of government 
 to anarchy may be attested and advertised. 
 
 ANARCHY AN EFFECT FROM CAUSE. 
 
 "Now that by your patience with me the 
 theory and purpose of anarchy have been set 
 forth — with a detail of which the importance 
 must secure pardon tor the time required — 
 let us consider some of the causes of an- 
 archy In our American life. One cause is 
 unenforced law. Government breaks down 
 at the point at which law is not enforced. 
 Government breaks down at no one point 
 without the weakening of it at other points, 
 and the creation of contempt for it in 
 thoughtless, desperate, vicious, idle or frivo- 
 lous minds. Contempt tor government in 
 any degree is a partial adoption of anarchy 
 of which the spirit is complete contempt for 
 government. Some laws are not enforced 
 because crime strikes hands with authority. 
 The crime which does that is less respect- 
 able than anarchy. Anarchy never buys or 
 sells law. Anarchy simply wars on law. 
 
 "Other laws are not enforced simply be- 
 cause they are unenforcible. A prohibitory 
 liquor law, for instance, cannot be enforced 
 in a cosmopolitan community. Neither can 
 a restrictive liquor law, which favors clubs 
 and bans saloons. The first law does not 
 commend the State Legislature to the other 
 Legislature which holds a session which 
 never adjourns in a man's reason. The sec- 
 ond kind of law in operation privileges 
 wealth and penalizes poverty. That effect 
 commends Itself neither to reason nor to 
 conscience. Unenforcible laws are anarchy- 
 breeders. Their passage is the wrong, not 
 their failure. Their failure is simply inevita- 
 ble. They are not enacted to be enforced. 
 They are passed to make votes where they 
 do not apply and to serve as political indict- 
 ments where they do apply. The kinship 
 to anarchy of the natural resentment at un- 
 enforced and at unenforcible laws is obvious. 
 Both parties have equally oilended in this 
 respect. 
 
 SOME OF THE CAUSES TRACED. 
 "These illustrations could be far extended. 
 \ mere hint ot more would suffice. When a 
 telephone message can notify nameless re- 
 sorts and numberless gambling hells that 
 law is moving on them, and can notify them 
 '" time for them to escape the clutch of 
 law, then there is that war on law by tele- 
 phone which anarchy works with dagger and 
 bomb, and pistol and poison. And when that 
 telephone notice comes from the center of 
 authority, sworn to execute law and paid to 
 execute law, then is law warred on by gov- 
 ernment itself, and then are the agents of 
 government themselves the assassins of au- 
 thority as well as traitors to oath and to 
 duty. That is in all logical and practical 
 senses anarchy instituted, anarchy organ- 
 ized, anarchy in the saddle, with order on 
 the ground, with justice under the hoof and 
 with liberty bleeding at the roadside. My 
 friends, we are nearing not the assassin at 
 Buffalo, but the uniformed criminals in Man- 
 hattan and in Brooklyn, who are striking 
 down law and truth and right as really as 
 the Buffalo assassin struck down our third 
 martyr-President. And the blow which we 
 aim at them, does it not recoil on ourselves? 
 How came these men to be placed where 
 they are? By votes. By whose votes? Let 
 those who voted for them, or for those who 
 appointed them, shirk not their responsibili- 
 ty. The fruit we grow is from the seed we 
 planted ourselves. 
 
 "We have familiarized our youth with the 
 corruption ot government, with the criminal- 
 ity ot authority, with the official protection 
 of vice, and with the spectacle ot the flaunted 
 wealth of functionaries or of bosses made in- 
 famously rich by systematic levies on sin and 
 suffering and shame. We have familiarized 
 our youth with the spectacle of the man- 
 agers of many great and legitimate enter- 
 prises contributing for protection or privi- 
 lege vast sums to the coffers of organized 
 crime at the innermost centers of domi- 
 nant political management. We have fa- 
 miliarized our youth with the excuses of 
 these contributors that, not they as human ' 
 
 persons, but the legal personalities called 
 corporations, which have neither bodies to 
 be kicked nor souls to be damned, make 
 these contributions. When the Lord reaches 
 out for the impersonal corporations, the In- 
 dividuals who make them and who manage 
 them will not escape His avenging hand any 
 more than In the last Assize they will escape 
 His violated law. Oh, fools and blind, how 
 shall ye escape the damnation of hell! Yea, 
 this is ot the essence ot anarchy. This has 
 its initiative In forgetfulness ot God or In 
 disbelief in His existence. A-theism or 
 atheism as we run it together, signifies 
 no God. An-archy, or anarchy as we run 
 it together, signifies no law. If there is 
 no God, there is no law except such as men 
 may Invent or evolve. And If that Is all. 
 then the individual law ot the anarchist is 
 defiance of no divine law, and government 
 Itself and organized society have no divine 
 warrant, lor their laws, and no eternal re- 
 ward for their virtues. If so, let us eat 
 and drink, for to-morrow we die. 
 
 PUNISHMENT FOR PERSONAL AND NA- 
 TIONAL SINS. 
 "My friends, I came here not to harrow 
 your feelings. There are experts at that 
 work with whom I would not compete. I 
 would 1 could comfort your hearts, and I 
 hope that I yet may. But before comfort is 
 conscience, and before consolation is duty. 
 We have lulled or gulled or drugged or 
 plugged our consciences too long and too 
 often. We have neglected our duties most 
 flagrantly. The cue now is to present an- 
 archy and to put it in pillory, to denounce 
 it and to jump on It. It deserves all that 
 it receives. It has no friends and it ought 
 to have none. But it is an effect, and as an 
 efl'ect causes are responsible for it. And 
 some ot those causes you and I have traced. 
 And for everyone of them you and I are in 
 part responsible. Slavery tolerated was the 
 sm of our nation, and the easting of it out 
 cost us Lincoln. The spoils system almost 
 deified was the crime of our politics, and the 
 life of Garfield was the price we paid for it. 
 The suspension ot law, the partiality of law, 
 the purchase of law, the sale ot law, the 
 flouting ot law, the pretense of law, involved 
 In passing impossible acts, are chargeable 
 with the conditions which incite and inspire 
 recourse to anarchy itself. We have trusts 
 which involve the anarchy of equity. We 
 have labor unions which involve the anarchy 
 of free agency. We have divorce systems In 
 nasty commonwealths which involve the 
 anarchy of marriage. We have sports which 
 involve the anarchy of pity. We have social 
 saturnalias which involve the anarchy of de- 
 cency. We have plutocratic displays for the 
 delectation of jaded and degenerate wealth, 
 which emulate in the twentieth century ihe 
 vices of Rome without its valor and the 
 profligacy of Athens without Its art. The 
 anarchy ot trusteeship In wealth has aroused 
 the thunders neither of press nor of pulpit. 
 Let us set our own houses and consciences 
 in order and say not 'How bad is he,* or 
 'How wicked are they.' but 'How remiss 
 are we,' lest we should call down further 
 judgments on our recreant souls and our 
 stained hands. The anarchy of honesty in 
 money, the anarchy of order in conduct, the 
 anarchy of faith involved In advocated repu- 
 diation, the anarchy ot sense Involved in 
 appeals to credulity in the name of medicine 
 and to quackery in the name of healing, the 
 anarchy ot morality involved in the heed- 
 lessness of home duties, and in the Godless- 
 ness of education are all to be scored against 
 us, and we must pay the score by repentance 
 and reform, If we would not go from bad to 
 worse. It would be easy and grateful and 
 popular — and useless and a. mockery — here, 
 for us to damn the sins we are not inclined 
 to, and Ignore the ones we have a mind to. 
 I condemn you not. I condemn myself, and 
 your own consciences condemn you, as mine 
 me, and if our consciences condemn us how 
 much more so shall God. Who is greater 
 than our consciences and Whose eyes are so 
 pure that they cannot abide iniquity! 
 
 THE ROUNDED RECORD OF A BLAME- 
 LESS LIFE. 
 "My friends, we have looked to-day through 
 tears upon the face and into the grave of a 
 great and good man. He gave to this country 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 3T 
 
 and to humanity what Abraham Lincoln, 
 whose commission he bore in the war for 
 the Union and freedom, said of the patriotic 
 dead who fell at Gettysburg, 'the last, full 
 measure of devotion.' He died not until he 
 had accomplished that whereunto he was sent. 
 Other martyrs have died in the vestibule of 
 the work to which they felt themselves ap- 
 pointed. Not this man. He had fought the 
 good flght. He had kept the faith. He was 
 ready to be offered up. For him was laid up 
 a crown which the Righteous Judge has al- 
 ready placed upon him. His lite in review 
 rounds out like a benediction. It seems to 
 be perfect music set to noble words. He was 
 the victim of conditions to which his whole 
 career was an antithesis. He tell before a 
 frenzied fiendishness to which his whole na- 
 ture was a contradiction. Not even the 
 wrong inflicted on him, not even the pain he 
 felt angered him to any degree that over- 
 came his loyalty to law toward his murder- 
 er. 'Do that man no harm,' he said. He 
 turned the man over to law. He would not 
 Invoke anarch}^ even against an anarchist. 
 Not only was he incarnate law when faced 
 by incarnate ferocity and perfidy, but he was 
 the Incarnate gentleman. 'I shall be sorry to 
 be any occasion of injury to this Exposition." 
 How chivalrous and comprehensive that was! 
 He foresaw the check and chill which his 
 taking off might cause to the Exposition. He 
 absolutely and exquisitely apologized for 
 the possible consequences of his own murder. 
 In all my reading, no courtesy and no con- 
 sideration equal to that has come to my 
 notice. And then his thought turned inward. 
 He had done what he could to save his mur- 
 derer from violence. He had spoken his sin- 
 cere regret for any arrest of the prosperity 
 of the Exposition that might follow from his 
 fall. His heart bled for his wife. 'Break 
 the news as gently and as tenderly 
 as possible to Mrs. McKinley.' Oh, 
 king of husbands and prince of lovers. There 
 you touched the heart strings of the race, 
 and there you sent exquisite notes that will 
 pulse and vibrate forever In the souls of men 
 and of women, in music sweeter than the 
 fabled music of the spheres. These three 
 utterances and his dying prayer, 'Thy will, 
 not ours, be done,' were only natural to him. 
 They seem and were sublime, but that moral 
 sublimity was just his habit. They seem and 
 are dramatic in the highest degree. But that 
 is because we are not equal to them. He was 
 equal to them, equal to them without effort. 
 They were the spontaneous efflorescence of 
 his normal character and of his invariable 
 demeanor. And how they have stirred this 
 old world of ours! No human words ever 
 stirred them more. Only the divine words, 
 'Father, forgive them, they know not what 
 they do'; only the divine observation, 'Be- 
 hold my mother and my brethren,' ever stirred 
 this old world of ours more than these words 
 which I have quoted. On them stepped his 
 spirit to the skiea which have received him 
 out of our sight. But, remember, they were 
 not exceptional. Remember, they were just 
 like him. And, remembering that, think what 
 manner of man this man was. 
 
 HE LOVED HIS FELLOWMEN. 
 "I could anticipate the history of my coun- 
 try and rewrite the journalism of this time 
 by setting forth to you the place of this man 
 In our affairs. But that is for publicists or 
 reviewers or sermonizers or essayists or the 
 orators of the future. Mine only to say to 
 you that this man lived his life In his death, 
 and did not reverse his life as so many do 
 or would. In his death. He struck no atti- 
 tudes in the face of the King of Terrors, but 
 looked him In the eye unblanched and fearing 
 not. He knew in whom he had believed and 
 was persuaded that He would keep that which 
 he had committed unto Him against the day 
 of His appearing. A private soldier at 17%. 
 A major on the turn of 22. They did not 
 make officers out of incapables in the time 
 when this nation put forth the wrestling 
 thews that threw slavery. I rejoice to re- 
 call that Abraham Lincoln signed his com- 
 mission. Our first martyr President signed 
 the commission of our" third martyr Presi- 
 dent, aye, and the commission of our second 
 martyr President. Think of the significance 
 of that. Think of the exquisite equality be- 
 tween capacity and opportuulty and of the 
 
 dominance of both by duty, which that at- 
 tests. Think of the splendid possibilities 
 which free institutions set before meritorious 
 and ingenuous youth. Think of the certainty 
 that whoso loseth his life tor noble cause 
 saveth it unto life everlasting. And I re- 
 joice to think that, while our hero lacked not 
 valor, the deed to which he owed his pro- 
 motion was a deed of aid and help accom- 
 plished by an altruism that touched the 
 heights of bravery. It Is a simple tale. He 
 was a commissary sergeant. He took a 
 wagon train of food and coffee and of band- 
 ages and of litters and of mattresses across 
 a volcano of flre outpouring from the enemy 
 to where our Union bovs were holding a po- 
 sition that could hardly be maintained and 
 must not be abandoned. He did not merely 
 try to take them. He took them. And the 
 supplies were brought which appeased hun- 
 ger, which renewed strength, which saved 
 and solaced the wounded and which provided 
 tender removal for the dead. See you not, 
 oh, see you not, in this work for others the 
 same play and way and sway of character, 
 courage and humanity that shone so re- 
 splendent in his dying days? See it? You 
 cannot help seeing it. It is as plain to the 
 heart as if it were written In letters of light 
 on the skies. 
 
 "I shall not speak of him as the orator of 
 persuasion, as the counsellor of conciliation, 
 as the statesman of results, as the Presi- 
 dent who Increased the area of freedom, as 
 the partisan revered by supporters and re- 
 spected by opponents. All that you have 
 heard. All that you know. All that you will 
 hear again. .411 that you will tell your chil- 
 dren, and they to their children. Other men 
 have been all that in part or in whole. But 
 I leave with you not the President, not the 
 orator, not the counsellor, not the diplomat, 
 not the soldier, not the statesman, not even 
 the patriot. I leave with you the man who 
 loved his fellowmen, the man whom his fel- 
 lowmen loved. Oh, it is love which is the 
 fulfilling of the law. It is love which is the 
 fulfilling of the law of life in the world and 
 of the law of God In the heart. This man 
 will be called 'the well beloved.' And. 
 without irreverence, we love him because he 
 loved us. Let our love for him stir us to 
 be as like him as we can. We cannot fail, 
 even though we do not succeed. The very 
 effort will be regenerating, for a nation 
 holds In part at least and holds that part 
 forever, holds in part at least and holds 
 forever, the moral and spiritual domain con- 
 ferred upon it by the upward trend of every 
 noble life. So draws the tides the moon. 
 So draws the metallic particles the 
 magnet. But the tides recede, and the 
 particles fall off. Let there be no recession 
 and let there be no falling oft In our nation 
 and in ourselves from the attractions of this 
 resplendent life — a life of which the continu- 
 ous course was as beautiful as the earthly 
 cessation was transcendent and sublime." 
 
 At the speaker's reference to the domestic 
 life of the dead President and his widow, 
 tears sprung Into the eyes of many of those 
 In the church, and In a few Instances there 
 were audible sobs. 
 
 .i^t the conclusion of Dr. McKelway's ad- 
 dress the anthem, "Crossing the Bar." was 
 sung, followed by "My Country 'Tls of Thee." 
 and the benediction hy the Rev. Howard 
 Wilbur Ennis. 
 
 THE CHRIST CHURCH SERVICES. 
 
 ell was to have spoken, but a telegram was 
 received saying that he was ill and unable 
 to leave the house. Dr. Arnold W. Catlin 
 took his place. 
 
 The Rev. C. L. Twing. rector of Calvary 
 Church, and the Rev. Dr. James H. Darling- 
 ton, rector of Christ Church, made brief ad- 
 dresses. The Rev. August Ulman, rector of 
 Trinity School, New York, and the Rev. Rod- 
 ney M. Edwards, rector of the Church of tha 
 Holy Comforter, began the service by read- 
 ing the order for the burial of the dead. 
 
 A number of Grand Army veterans, Span- 
 ish War veterans. Sons of Veterans and the 
 Christ Church Cadets were in seats reserved 
 for them, and during the service the veterans 
 sent up resolutions of condolence tor Mrs. 
 McKinley, which were read by Dr. Darling- 
 ton. Dr. Darlington read the proclamations 
 of President Roosevelt and of Governor 
 Odell. The Rov. William G. Ivie of Grace 
 Church, Conselyea street, pronounced the 
 benediction. 
 
 After the service the war veterans, accom- 
 panied by the Christ Church Cadets, went to 
 the fountain in the square, where the drum 
 corps sounded "taps" at exactly 10 o'clock. 
 The crowds at the time were coming from 
 the other churches In the vicinity and stood 
 on the avenue, which was black with people, 
 during the ceremony. 
 
 AT MEMORI.AL PRESBYTERIAN 
 CHURCH. 
 
 One of the most Important memorial serv- 
 ices was that held in Christ Episcopal Church, 
 Bedford avenue, Thursday night. When tho 
 doors opened at 7 o'clock the people crowded 
 into the church in such nvmibers that fully 
 1,200 were unable to gain admittance. The 
 musical programme, under the direction of 
 A. Campbell Weston, the organist of the 
 church, Included "Lead, Kindly Light," 
 "America," "The Nation Mourns Its Chief," 
 which was sung at Lincoln's funeral, and 
 several funeral marches. An address was 
 made by the Rev. Dr. William A. Perry, a.9- 
 slstant minister, who reviewed McKlnley'B 
 life In an Impressive manner. Henry A. Pow- 
 
 At the Memorial Presbyterian Church 
 there was held a memorial service In which 
 the congregations of the Memorial Presbyte- 
 rian Church, Grace M. E. Church, the First 
 Reformed Church, the Church of Christ and 
 the Sixth Avenue Baptist Church united. The 
 Rev. J. M. Farrar, D. D., of the Reformed 
 Church, presided; the Rev. R. G. McKay of 
 the Memorial Presbyterian Church, pro- 
 nounced the invocation; the Rev. John Reid, 
 
 D. D., of Grace M. E. Church, read the 
 Scriptures. Then Dr. Farrar read the Presi- 
 dent's proclamation and made a short ad- 
 dress. Then a prayer was offered by Dr. 
 
 E. E. Chlvers of the Sixth Avenue Baptist 
 Church, and addresses were made by the 
 Rev. E. M. Harlan of the Church of Christ, 
 and by ex-Congressman Edmund H. Driggs 
 and ex-Mayor Boody and the Rev. Dr. C. E. 
 Wing. Mr. Driggs made the principal speech. 
 The incidental music was by the joint chorus 
 of the various churches. The hymns sung 
 were "The Souls of the Righteous," "Nearer, 
 My God. to Thee," "Lead. Kindly Light," 
 and "My Country, 'Tls of Thee," in the latter 
 of which all the people joined. 
 
 The crowd was so great at the morning 
 service that an overflow meeting was held In 
 Grace M. E. Church, at which the partici- 
 pants in the service at the Memorial Presby- 
 terian Church repeated their addresses and 
 the other exercises were continued. 
 
 CHURCH OF THE RECONCILIATION. 
 
 Services were held last evening in thd 
 Reformed Episcopal Church of the Recon- 
 ciliation, Nostrand and Jefferson avenues, 
 the rector, the Rev. W. Russell Collins, de- 
 termining late in the afternoon to hold such 
 service, seeing the desire of the people that 
 churches should be opened. A memorial 
 servlco had been held in his church on Sun- 
 day, at Avhich Mr. Collins preached an ex- 
 cellent sermon on "Our Nation's Calamity 
 and Sorrow," which is printed in full la 
 this week's Issue or the denominational 
 paper. Mr. Collins put up a notice in front 
 of his church yesterday afternoon and a 
 meeting was announced at Dr. Carson's 
 Church. The Church of the Reconciliation 
 was crowded In the evening for a memorial 
 hour of prayer and song. Mr. Collins di- 
 rected the singing, "Abido With Me," "Soft- 
 ly Now the Light of Day," "Some Day tho 
 Silver Cord Will Break," "Nearer, My God, 
 to Thee," and "Lead, Kindly Light," wer* 
 sung and Mr. Collins made a brlet addiMSa 
 
38 
 
 THE MC KINLET MFMORf A*. 
 
 AT PARK CONGREGATIONAL 
 CHURCH. 
 
 The service held under the auspices of the 
 Twelfth Assembly District Republican CluB 
 at the Park Congregational Church were 
 marked as much by the earnestness and in- 
 tense feeling of the listeners as by the elo- 
 quence of the speakers. Not halt the people 
 who applied for admission to the big audi- 
 torium could get in and hundreds were 
 turned away. The speakers represented 
 churches of eve-ry denomination. They were 
 the Rev. Dr. Farrar, Father Hlckey. the Rev. 
 Dr. Bowdish, the Rev. Henry A. T upper, Jr., 
 the Rev. Mark A. Denham and Silas B. 
 Dutcher. 
 
 President Maxwell of the club opened the 
 services with a short address. He then in- 
 troduced the Rev. Mr. Taylor, whose prayer 
 for Mrs. McKinley and the people of the 
 nation was a most beautiful one. Mr. Taylor 
 was quite overcome at the close of the prayer 
 and was compelled to leave the church. The 
 choir sang "Lead, Kindly Light." 
 
 Father Hickey declared that the nation had 
 progressed by epochs. "Washington saw the 
 nation come into life and he confirmed its 
 right to live. Lincoln's administration mark- 
 ed the second epoch. He came to it at the 
 time when it had reached its manhood and 
 by the Providence of God he was the man 
 to help it wipe out the blot of slavery. Will- 
 iam McKinley came to rule over us when 
 the nation had come into Its strength and 
 mature manhood, when its own destiny was 
 assured, and when it reached forth its bands 
 to help another country secure the blessings 
 of liberty. So to-night we mourn the death 
 of the President whose term marks the third 
 great epoch in our history. 
 
 The Rev. Mark A. Denham spoke of the 
 beautiful character of McKinley. He de- 
 clared that it was not the offloe, not the 
 power of the man that caused the world to 
 grieve. We may reverence the ofBce and 
 respect the power, but can only love a man 
 whose self, whose life, appeals to the heart. 
 Such a man McKinley was. Dr. Denham con- 
 tinued, and the grief for him was universal. 
 He decried anarchy and asked what it had 
 accomplished by its foul deed and appealed 
 to the people to take the life of McKinley 
 es a stimulus toward a better life for them- 
 selves. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Bowdish told of the mag- 
 nanimous spirit of the President and the 
 strict honor in his make up. He related how 
 twice he could have been nominated Presi- 
 dent but refused because he had pledged his 
 votes to other men; how he had helped Ran- 
 dall in the House of Congress when the 
 Democratic leader was losing his grip by 
 giving to him a part of his time for speaking 
 when the House refused to extend that of his 
 opponent. Mr. Bowdish believed that every 
 foreigner should be made to swear allegiance 
 to the flag on the Bible before allowed to 
 enter the country. Silas B. Dutcher placed 
 McKinley on a pinnacle with the greatest 
 characters the world has known. He declared 
 that no great good had ever been done in 
 the world without great sacriflce and yet the 
 people wondered if such a grand life could 
 not have been spared. He scored the yellow 
 journals and declared it a mark of shame 
 to read them, to advertife in them, or to 
 encourage them. He thought perhaps the 
 BBcriflce was meant by God to teach the men 
 who had read these papers, had encouraged 
 them, and who used them to coin money out 
 of prejudice, the terrible danger in them. If 
 that will be the result, he said, then the life 
 >.nd death of such a man as McKinley had 
 not bevn in vain. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Henry A. Tupper made the 
 address of the evening aud before he left the 
 church was requested to repeat it at another 
 service. He spoke of the self heroism of Mc- 
 Kinley. In part he said: "Reputation la 
 what a person seems to be. Character is 
 ■what he is. A man's real self Is within. 
 Any permanent progress must proceed from 
 the center toward the circumference of his 
 life. What Is on or around him cannot de- 
 termine his value. The aristocracy of char- 
 acter Includes the real nobility of earth. 
 Such are thoy who fight the bravest battles 
 and win the most valiant victories. Mr. Mc- 
 
 Kinley in his life and death honored his 
 self heroism. The ignorance of self is the 
 reef upon which many of the conquerors of 
 the world had been wrecked. They knew 
 others, but did not know themselves. They 
 guided and mastered others, but not them- 
 selves. Mr. McKinley was brave and honest 
 enough to get intimately and accurately ac- 
 quainted with himself. He knew his 
 strength and his weaknesses and his self- 
 examination became an applied science. 
 Thus he honored both his Creator and him- 
 self and with Jean Paul Richter might have 
 exclaimed: 'I have made as much of myself 
 as could he made of the stuff and no one can 
 require more.' The best and truest life of 
 such men comes long after they walk no 
 longer on earth. In their day Moses and 
 Paul were not so Influential as they are to- 
 day. A man's self becomes a part of the 
 truth to which his life Is wedded and as the 
 truth passes beyond the visible existence 
 and takes its endless course through the 
 ages, the best part of the man is perpetuated. 
 Some men are dead while they live. Others 
 are living while they are dead. McKinley 
 is greater now and will be greater as the 
 time rolls on. He was noble in life. He Is 
 nobler in death." 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Farrar made a particularly 
 effective appeal toward a concentration of 
 the churches on the one work of raising the 
 morality of man. He pointed out that this 
 anarchist was actually American-born. He 
 said the fault was not so much the yellow 
 Journals as the fact that while we educated 
 the body and the intellect, we had not yet 
 gotten down to the proper education and 
 training of the soul, the motive power of 
 both mind and body. All the speakers spoke 
 of the beautiful home life of the President 
 and the love he had for his wife. As a hus- 
 band and as a man, the speakers eulogized 
 the martyr President. 
 
 At the close of the meeting every one 
 sang "America" with tremendous fervor and 
 effect. The usual resolutions of sympathy for 
 Mrs. McKinley and the nation were pre- 
 sented by Jesse Frost and adopted unani- 
 mously. The committee of arrangements 
 were Charles S. Devoy, Messrs. Caudee. Mor- 
 rison. Calder aud Frost, thus presenting 
 every faction In the Assembly District. 
 
 IN THE BAPTIST TEMPLE. 
 
 A large gathering and an impressive serv- 
 ice characterized the memorial meeting in 
 the Baptist Temple, Third avenue and Scher- 
 merhorn street, Thursday night. It was the 
 Intention to hold the meeting in the lower 
 temple, but before 7:30 the place was crowded 
 and tne people hastened to the upper tem- 
 ple, without any announcement, and the large 
 place was soon crowded with over 2,000 peo- 
 ple seated and a number standing through 
 the entire service. When the pastor. Dr. 
 Cortland Myers, entered, the large audience 
 stood and sung "My Country, 'TIs of Thee," 
 the President's proclamation having first 
 been read. The reading of the scriptures, 
 a solo by W. T. Wetmore of the temple choir, 
 "Sometime We'll Understand," preceded a 
 prayer for guidance and direction In our 
 nation's executive body, and an earnest pica 
 for the widow of the late President. "Lead 
 Kindly Light" was then sung as a solo by 
 the associate pastor, W. I. Southerton. 
 
 The address by Dr. Myers made frequent 
 reference to the symmetry of character which 
 is recognized by the world as a part of the 
 President's life. But that which was dwelt 
 on at preatest length was his allegiance to 
 every principle made by his relation to God, 
 and his faith In Jesus Christ, closing with an 
 appeal to the citizens of this country to be 
 faithful and loyal to God, and to uphold those 
 institutions which are for the building up 
 of Christian character, and giving our execu- 
 tives our earnest support in this hour. For 
 over one hour the vast assemblage sat and 
 listened, a stillness and quietness pervading, 
 that at times, was almost oppressive. After 
 the address Miss Bessie Bowman and Dr. 
 Southerton sang the famous and appropriate 
 hymn "Saved by Grace." The benediction 
 and the postlude by Professor E. M. Bowman, 
 Chopin's funeral march, closed this impres- 
 sive service. i ._ , j _,:..i.jt 
 
 IN CENTRAL PRESBYTERIAN 
 CHURCH. 
 
 The services held Thursday afternoon In 
 the Central Presbyterian Church, Marcy and 
 Jefferson avenues, in memory of President 
 McKinley, were impressive and were largely 
 attended. The edifice, which has a seating 
 capacity of 1,500, was crowded, and many 
 people stood. There were several hundred 
 people who were unable to get into the build- 
 ing. Only two addresses were made. The 
 speakers were Darwin R. James, a close 
 friend of the martyred President, and the 
 Rev. J. F. Carson, the pastor of the church. 
 In the addresses the yellow journals were 
 denounced and the complete suppression of 
 anarchy demanded. The remarks touching 
 on the latter were loudly applauded. Mr. 
 James' address was of a reminiscent nature 
 and was listened to with close attention. 
 The pastor's remarks created a deep im- 
 pression. 
 
 At 3 o'clock every seat In the church was 
 occupied, but it was not until half an 
 hour later that the services commenced. 
 Then the organist played "America" in a 
 minor funeral key. At its conclusion the 
 Rev. Orrin G. Cox, the assistant pastor of 
 the church, made the prayer. The hymn, 
 "O God, Our Help in Ages Past," was sung 
 by the people. Responsive reading followed. 
 The choir rendered "The Homeland," and 
 Dr, Carson prayed. He asked comfort for 
 the people in this sad period in American 
 life. In the striking down of one of splendid 
 talents used for the glory of America and 
 for the advancement of all that is true and 
 liest in American institutions. He prayed for 
 the widow of the President and asked God 
 to be good to her in her sadness and weeping 
 and to strengthen and comfort her. He 
 asked a blessing on the members of the 
 cabinet, on President Roosevelt, suddenly 
 and sadly called to his high ofiice, and that 
 he be guided for the welfare of the country. 
 
 Dr. Carson said that it was not in the 
 creed that the President prescribed, but in 
 the hymns that he sang that was found the 
 catholicity and the strength of his faith. 
 There was one hymn that won the expres- 
 sion of his praise, he said, and that was 
 written by a Roman Catholic, but was sung 
 by Protestants to-day. It was "Lead, Kindly 
 Light." Dr. Carson asked all to Join in sing- 
 ing the hymn. Mr. James was then intro- 
 duced by the pastor as one who had been 
 a close friend of President McKinley. In 
 part Mr. James said: 
 
 "The nation mourns the death of one of 
 her greatest statesmen and one of the great- 
 est minds this great country has ever pro- 
 duced. It was eminently fitting for Presi- 
 dent Roosevelt on the day that he was sworn 
 In to designate this day for the assembling 
 of the people in places of worship to offer 
 prayers to God. From end to end of this 
 great country people are now assembled and 
 are praying to God tor guidance in the fu- 
 ture. "They will learn a lesson from this 
 dreadful calamity. Three times have Presi- 
 dents been struck down by assassin hands. 
 It never entered the minds of the founders 
 of the country that such a thing would hap- 
 pen. It is well for us to dwell on this and 
 see what are the causes that led up to it. 
 If God permitted it, he certainly had rea- 
 son and he desires us to learn some lesson 
 from it. 
 
 "The President's words when he was shot 
 showed the kind of man he was. He showed 
 he must necessarily have led a life of purity 
 and calmness, with love for his fellow man. 
 He wasn't a great man, but an everyday sort 
 of man. with no pretensions, that you could 
 meet and sit down with. I saw him last 
 two months ago, at Washington. I met him 
 as he returned from a ride with his wife. 
 He was the same Mr. McKinley that I had 
 known in the House of Representatives; 
 though he had attained a higher position, 
 he was the same man. 
 
 "Mr. McKinley as a boy was born of plain 
 parents and had few advantages. He at- 
 tended public school, enlisted when he was 
 17 years old and became a soldier in the 
 
TiTK MC wrrrrrr jraMoniAL. 
 
 89 
 
 Civil War. Like Lincoln, he had sensible 
 Christian parents, ancj he was brongiht up on 
 the Bible. His principles were founded on 
 God's word. He had this foundation. He 
 had a clear head, a sound and broid mind. 
 When I first met him iu Congress he was 
 not at all the man that he afterward de- 
 veloped into. He went into Congress a 
 young man. When he was mustered out of 
 the Army he studied law and became a coun- 
 try attorney. About 1ST4-T6 he determined 
 upon a future of political lite. In Congress 
 McKinley grew slowly. He proved to be a 
 leader, but not a great speaker. I don't be- 
 lieve that I ever heard him speak in the 
 House. In the Forty-ninth Congress his 
 place w'as contested and he was unseated. 
 The people of Ohio then made him their 
 Governor. When an Ameiflcan boy endowed 
 with ability has an opportunity he presses 
 forward to fill whatever position comes to 
 him. Mr. McKinley had plenty of ability, but 
 not much cultivation, and yet an Austrian 
 paper ranked him with Bismarck as a great 
 leader, a man of ability and a statesman. 
 
 "No President of the United States was 
 ■0 popular with the people as Mr. McKinley, 
 not excepting Washington. Washington v.as 
 popular during his first term, but lost it dur- 
 ing his second term. N'o President ever had 
 the hearts of the people as Mr. McKinley. 
 This he knew. The cause was because of 
 his management of the Spanish-American 
 war, his action toward the Insular possessions, 
 his tact in selecting men to govern the peo- 
 ple of those possessions to prepare them for 
 self government. Of course he had wise coun- 
 selors. But he should be credited with that. 
 In his administration the anti-imperialists 
 were deprived of all argument. His policy 
 took it away from them. He was not the 
 tyrant they supposed him to be. I talked 
 with him and he told me his plans. He said 
 to have the respect and commendation of th? 
 business men was a great reward for what 
 he was trying to do. I never saw him in 
 anger. He was a genial, affcble, madeup 
 man. He wag about as perfect a man as a 
 man could be. He showed it in life and in 
 death; In the mild submission to what was 
 to be. 
 
 "When talking to him two months ago 
 about Mrs. McKlnlcy's illness I said that ho 
 had the prayers of the people. 'We felt the 
 uplift," he repHei. How he appreciated it 
 to have the people think of them in their 
 prayers. God gave him to us as an example 
 to guide U3." 
 
 In regard to the yellow journals Mr. James 
 said that their utterances tended to bring 
 about anarchy. "I feel myself that these 
 papers are largely to blame for this terrible 
 calamity. I would not favor laws of censor- 
 ship for the press, but the people haye the 
 power to freeze these papers out. If the 
 great body politic lakes hold they could be 
 forced out. The utterances of so.nie of theie 
 papers have been as bad as those of Emma 
 Goldman." 
 
 "Sleep, My Love, Sleep," was sung by the 
 choir. Dr. Carson, who spoke next, recalled 
 to the people that twenty years ago, on Sep- 
 tember 19, .Tames A. GarfleUl died and that 
 the body of President McKinley was to-day 
 buried In Canton. The shot of anarchy, he 
 said, was not at Mr. McKinley as a man. but 
 as a representative of the American republic. 
 It has revealed to us that anarchy is among 
 us. Something should be done to make it 
 Impossible for anarchy to lord on American 
 shores as an enemy of American Institutions. 
 (Applause.) I would meet every emigrant 
 ship as it came into our port with the word 
 of God In one hand and the American 
 •lag In the other and say to every 
 man who sought to come here: 'In 
 America these two standards are supreme 
 You must regulate your standard to the book 
 and your allegiance absolutely to the flag.' 
 And if the answer was no. I would send 
 them back by the very ship that brought them 
 here. In America American ideas must pre- 
 vail. (.Applause.) Who stands at the hel.Ti 
 of state must be an American through and 
 through. This is the lesson that comes from 
 Mr. McKinley. In every form he was an 
 American." 
 
 Dr. Carson said that Mr. McKInley'8 most 
 bitter political opponent could not charge 
 him with a dishonest aet or dishonorable am- 
 bition. He referred to Mr. McKinlcy'a re- 
 fusal to have his na.'ne placed before a con- 
 
 I ventlon where he was pledged to another 
 man. and threatened to leave the convention 
 If it was done. He spoke of his magnanim- 
 ity toward Samuel J. Randall, when he per- 
 mitted him to occupy part of the time allotted 
 to him (McKinley) for debate on a bill, when 
 Mr. Randall had been refused permission to 
 continue by the De.mocrats in the House. Mr. 
 McKlniey's home life, his devotion to his 
 dying mother and his love and tenderness 
 for his wife were touched upon. "He gave 
 a standard tor husbandhood." continued Dr. 
 Carson. "The faith that will enable a man 
 to die like that is the faith I ought to have; 
 you ought to have. He is gone. He lived in 
 our affections. He fought his battles, he 
 finished his course. He was prepared for the 
 message. 'It Is God's way. His will be done.' 
 Shall we meet him again In the home eternal r 
 We shall if your faith and mine is the same 
 in the Christ that he trusted." 
 
 The hymn "Saved by Grace." which Dr. 
 Carson said greatly impressed Mr. McKinley 
 at an evanselistic meeting in Lima, O.. was 
 sung by I. H. Meredith. Dr. Carson then an- 
 nourced that it was the intention to have 
 a McKinley memorial window placed in the 
 church and he desired that it should be the 
 outcome of the service. For that purpose an 
 offering was taken up. The services closed 
 with the singing of "Nearer, My God, to 
 Thee." 
 
 AT SUMNER AVENUE CHURCH 
 
 A union memorial service was held on 
 Thursday evening at the Sumner Avenue M. 
 E. Church, corner of Sumner avenue and 
 Van Buren street, and attracted a gathering 
 which taxed the seating capacity of the 
 church. The large auditorium and balcony 
 were filled and an overflow meeting of sev- 
 eral hundred people was held In the base- 
 ment and class rooms. The same addresses 
 were delivered at both meetings. 
 
 The meeting was in charge of the Rev. H. 
 H. Beattys of the Sumner Avenue Church. 
 The speakers were the Rev. L. C. Taylor of 
 the Puritan Congregational Church, the 
 Rev. Cornelius Woelfkin of the Greene Ave- 
 nue Baptist Church and the Rev. L. R. Foote 
 of the Throop .avenue Presbyterian Church. 
 
 The church quartet sang several sacred se- 
 lections and the hymns sung were "Lead, 
 Kindly Light," "America" and "Nearer, My 
 God To Thee." 
 
 Dr. Foote said in part: "This Is a remark- 
 able demonstration, unparalleled In the his- 
 tory of the nation and If we seek the rea- 
 son we find it not alone in the fact that a 
 President is shiin and a chief brought low. 
 We are not alone in our grief. 
 
 "We are surprised at the universal ex- 
 pression of grief. We had not known that 
 President McKinley was so great a man. 
 Many days ago, before this calamity. It oc- 
 curred to me, while reading one of his 
 speeches, that the breadth of his statesman- 
 ship was not realized. His administration 
 has placed the nation before the world and 
 the way was prepared tor such an expression 
 as we see manifested through the providence 
 of God. The character of the late President 
 is the basis of this all. In its last analysis 
 It Is a tribute to a noble. Chrlst-IIke statcs- 
 nran. The nobleness and influonee of his life 
 will spread as far as the tidings of his death. 
 
 'I believe that thousands of people are 
 now praying for a revival of righteousness 
 In the land and the God of heaven Is listen- 
 ing to the prayer. I trust that God will 
 Increase righteousness to us through this 
 sad experience. 
 
 "President .McKinley was a typical boy, 
 a typical youth, a typical citizen a typical ' 
 soldier, and his was a typical American 
 home. This Is the fact which Is spread over I 
 the world. God reared McKinley a typical | 
 man and he permitted this to occur to | 
 spread Us Influence through the land. The , 
 life of President McKinley at the present 
 stage Is, I believe, the greatest In America's 1 
 
 history. It will pour Into the veins of the 
 nation the truth of his life, and all life, 
 social and political, will bo strengthened 
 by it." 
 
 Dr. Taylor, the second speaker, said In 
 part: "There is an old legend that at the 
 time the Saviour was born a great stillness 
 pervaded the earth. For a moment all mo- 
 tion ceased. The laws of nature governing 
 motion, for the time, were suspended. Well 
 may the earth be silent when angels are In 
 the sky; when God goes forth for the re- 
 demption of man. 
 
 "I thought of the old legend to-day when 
 this broad land became still and the pulso 
 beats of travel ceased. I presume that never 
 anything so like the truth of the legend 
 has been realized as to-day. To-day it ia 
 the hand of death. There are no singing 
 angels to-day. We cannot turn this into a 
 day of rejoicing. The world mourns the 
 death of a great Christian, but we have be- 
 fore us to-day the spectacle of national 
 repentence. Lincoln spoke at Gettysburg of 
 the new birth of freedom and he had still 
 to die tor it. 
 
 "Now another great man has been added 
 to the list. Then, as now, the nation was 
 forming with a new high ideal. We shall 
 come up through this shadow new born to 
 the vision of peace on earth. Our sorrow 
 has overshadowed us. It has been revealed 
 in a way during these days that is spiritual- 
 ly dramatic beyond the reach of what we 
 feel is historically dramatic. The Chris- 
 tian faith of the American people answers 
 to-day that the way He took is leading us 
 on to a new life. We shall find greater 
 individualism in American cities and in the 
 rearing of children in the faith of those 
 things for which President McKinley lived 
 and died." 
 
 Dr. Woelfkin said that that nation la 
 happy which has for its ruler, not a child, 
 but a free man. "Whatever the faults of 
 our free government," he said, "we are 
 sure ot having men tor rulers who have been 
 tested and are worthy ot ruling." He paid 
 a tribute to the personal character of Presi- 
 dent McKinley and his statesmanship and 
 said there was never a more worthy Presi- 
 dent. 
 
 He said that the people were cast dowo 
 under the weight ot the affliction because the 
 martyred President was one ot America's 
 own. and was the .American ideal of Ameri- 
 can institutions. The unexpectedness ot the 
 crime was what had so shaken the nation, he 
 said. 
 
 "This crime." he said, "has brought their 
 sins to the minds of the American people. 
 This is the temperament of the people to- 
 day. The sentiments which have ruled for 
 too indifferent to the spirit ot anarchy 
 we could not see them. We are altogether 
 too indifferent to the spirit of Anarchy 
 which is dwelling in our midst. Anarchy in 
 its last analysis in atheism. God would 
 have us as a people understand that. 
 
 "The indifference to the places where 
 anarchy is bred is appalling. In the saloon 
 where it Is born and cradled the atmosphere 
 ot lawlessness rules." 
 
 Dr. Woelfkin criticised the disrespect 
 shown to high ofllciais and open criticism of 
 them as "an altogether too liberal exercise 
 of free institutions." and said that a greater 
 respect must be bred both in speech and 
 press. 
 
 AT DR. MEREDITH'S CHURCH. 
 
 .4t the Tompkins Avenue Congregational 
 Church, memorial services were held at 11:30 
 A. M. Thursday. The church was crowded 
 and the music was under direction of W. O. 
 Wilkinson. The Rev. Dr. Meredith said in 
 substance: 
 
 "We are gathered this morning to do 
 honor to the memory of one whoso life has 
 been such as to bring honor upon himself, 
 upon his family and friends and upon his 
 country. We are gathered as well to see 
 whether we can draw from his life and from 
 the circuraslanees surrounding his death 
 some lessons which will lead us aa .American 
 citizens and as Christians to lead better 
 lives than we might otherwise have led." 
 
40 
 
 THE MC EINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 SIMPLE SERVICE IN FLATBUSH. 
 
 A simple and affecting service was heirt 
 In the Baptist Chui-ch of tlie Redeemer, Av- 
 enue C and East Eighteeutli street, Flatbush. 
 ■■Lead, Kindly Light," ''Saved By Grace" 
 and '■Nearer, My God, To Thee" were sung, 
 and the Rev. Dr. S. Glttard Nelson spoke as 
 follows: 
 
 "As the guns utter their hoarse farewells 
 and the tolling bells labor to interpret the 
 nation's sorrow, all that is mortal of Will- 
 lam McKinley, most widely beloved of our 
 Presidents, is being laid to rest in his city 
 ot Canton. 'Earth to earth.- ashes to ashes, 
 dust to dust.' No truer, manlier heart has 
 ever been consigned to the narrow house. 
 And we who remain lift our eyes heavenward 
 following his spirit's flight, and with tri- 
 umphant confidence repeat the majestic lan- 
 guage of the Church of England ritual: 
 •Looking for the general resurrection in the 
 last day and the life ot the world to come, 
 through our Lord Jesus Christ, at whose 
 second coming in glorious majesty to judge 
 the world, the earth and the sea shall give 
 up their dead and the corruptible bodies of 
 those who sleep in Him shall be changed 
 ajid made like unto His own glorious body, 
 according to the mighty working whereby 
 He is able to subdue all things unto Himself." 
 
 ■' 'Blessed are the dead who die in the 
 Lord, from henceforth: yea. saith the Spirit. 
 tor they rest from their labors and their 
 works do follow them.' 
 
 ".■\nd blessed, too. the nation who, gath- 
 ered in tears at his tomb, takes away there- 
 /rom the heritage of another noble memory. 
 To the latest day it will be held in reverence. 
 Children of our children shall speak his 
 praises, and throughout all ages of the world 
 history will transmit the influences of his 
 example. 
 
 ■■■With thoughts of him I am fain to asso- 
 ciate one of the sublimest ot the. Hebrew 
 kings. In many things he resembled the 
 good Hezeklah. Like the Judean monarch, 
 Mr. McKinley was simple, direct and can- 
 did in his course of life. He was like him, 
 too. In that he did what he perceived to be 
 his duty with all his heart and prospered. 
 He was a man of wisdom. From youth on- 
 ward, he recognized the sovereisnty of Al- 
 mighty Gcd over his lite and early began to 
 serve Him. He knew that to a true ac- 
 quaintance and communion with the Most 
 High, relationship to the church Is a prime 
 essential, and as boy and man he was faith- 
 ful and loyal to the church wherein his soul 
 found enlightenment and comfort. To the 
 advantages he received from It and to the 
 strength derived from Its ministries and 
 comnanlonshlps, he was never ashamed to 
 testify. 
 
 "Like Hezeklah he had firmness without 
 tanatlclsm. He was neither a zealot In re- 
 ilgion nor an extremist in statecraft. He 
 felt the need of calmness and moderation 
 in dealing with decisive questions. He knew 
 that no man could deal more quickly than 
 the people were prepared to follow. But he 
 had the tact beyond most of turning the faces 
 of the people In the right direction and of 
 Inspiring their advances. He 
 
 "Knew the seasons when to take 
 Occasion by the hand, and make 
 The hounds of freedom wider yet." 
 
 "He was an unselfish man. Loving many 
 well. There were three whom he ioved su- 
 premely — his God, his wife and his country. 
 A trinity these that summon Into activity 
 the deepest and highest In affection. When, 
 ■with remorseless shock, the summons came. 
 It was out of a life of love and trust that the 
 ■n'ords sprung spontaneously to his lips: 
 "Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, 'X'liy will 
 be done." 
 
 "Out of the years hehlnd him as Sunday 
 school boy, Sunday school superlntenent and 
 Christian statesman, he uttered his last mes- 
 sage to the nation: 'Goodby. All goodby. 
 It is God's way. His will be done.' Out of 
 the ;ears ot patient devotioa as & loving 
 
 husband came the tender farewell to her he 
 loved best. 'God's will, not ours, be done.' 
 Out of a heart that was right with God, that 
 had sought His glory and that was cheered 
 by the prospect ot the eternal reward, welled 
 the strains of mortal victory: 
 
 "Angels to beckon me. 
 Nearer, my God, to Thee." 
 
 "Our dead President was not Intellectually 
 a great man as we ordinarily employ the 
 adjective. He was a sagacious man, a man 
 of eminent talent in many directions, an ad- 
 mirable speaker and skillful as an executive. 
 He was a sate man— the sort of man who 
 knew and could do what the best sense of the 
 people approved. He was not great, however, 
 at Pitt, Fox, Canning, Gladstone, Bismarck 
 .or Cavour were great. But his goodness 
 gave him such claims upon the heart of man- 
 kind as it never concedes to greatness. In 
 his life he exemplified purity ot character; 
 In his death he brought his country face to 
 face with the Eternal. We saw that he saw 
 his God as a reality. In death, as in life; 
 therefore, his mission, like his Master's, was 
 doing good. 
 
 "Two thousand six hundred and eleven 
 years have elapsed, according to the received 
 chronology, since the good Hezeklah, King 
 of Judah. died. And, says the sacred writer, 
 'Hezekiah slept with his fathers, and they 
 buried him in the chiefest of the sepulchres 
 of the sous ot David: and all Judah and the 
 inhabitants of Jerusalem did him honor at 
 his death.' So, two milleniums and a half 
 from now, it may be, men in strangely ad- 
 vanced and altered state, shall read the hls- 
 dtory of our times, and Its record of the 
 good man whom to-day we lay to sleep 
 with his fathers in what shall continue to he 
 one of the chiefest ot the sepulchres, and 
 ot ho A- 'the whole land did him honor at his 
 death.' Thus, being dead, William McKinley 
 shall continue to speak unto us and to ours 
 until the latest day." 
 
 SERVICES AT BRIDGE STREET 
 A. M. E. CHURCH. 
 
 RABBI NELSON'S SERMON. 
 
 Brooklyn Afro-American citizens paid 
 splendid tribute to the memory of President 
 William McKinley Thursday. Memorial 
 services were held in the Bridge Street 
 Church, the Concord Baptist Church ot 
 Christ, the Trinity Baptist Church and the 
 Fleet Street Zion Church. 
 
 In the Bridge Street Church the Rev. M. E. 
 Jennings of the Newman Memorial M. E. 
 Mission, offered a very earnest prayer, after 
 which the choir sang "At Rest." Dr. M. C. 
 Brooks, the pastor, read the proclamation 
 of the President, and then Introduced the 
 Rev. A. J. Henry ot the Nazarene Congrega- 
 tional Church, who made an address on 
 the early life and character of President 
 William McKinley. Dr. W. A. Alexander ot 
 the Siloam Presbyterian Church, was the 
 next speaker, and he paid eloquent tribute to 
 the dead President. Dr. John M. Palmer ot 
 St. John's African M. E. Church, among 
 many Interesting things said that, like Gar- 
 field, another Christian hero had passed away 
 after successfully serving his country. He 
 called attention to the fact that before at- 
 tempting to serve his country William Mc- 
 Kinley, after being taught by fond Chris- 
 tian "parents, first joined the army of the 
 Lord and endeavored to be the man that God 
 would have him to be. Having put God in 
 front he succeeded in his attempts in lite 
 and became the greatest and best man of 
 his country. The choir then sang "Lead. 
 Kindly Light." Dr. S. D. W. Smith of Union 
 Bethel African M. E. Church made the next 
 address. 
 
 Miss Ida Carter read a memorial poem 
 which was an Interesting feature of the serv- 
 ice. The choir and congregation sang "Near 
 er. My God, to Thee," and Dr. W. D. Cook 
 wa£ the last speaker. 
 
 At the Temple Israel Thursday Rabbi Levi 
 M. Nelson conducted the memorial services 
 la honor of the late President McKinley. In 
 the course of an earnest and eloquent ser- 
 mon Rabbi Nelson said: 
 
 "Last Saturday morning the much dreaded 
 event came to pass, and the people who in 
 the course of one short week had risen from 
 dejection and despair to cheerfulness and 
 even joyous expectancy; whose hearts had 
 pulsated with feelings first ot gladness and 
 then of sorrow — now alas had their seemingly 
 well grounded hopes dashed once for all to 
 the ground and found their worst fears re- 
 alized in the sad death of the President. At 
 that time, while stunned and dazed from the 
 first effects of the blow, and amid the over- 
 whelming grief that at once took possession 
 of our minds, we tried to pay some fitting 
 tribute to the life, career and death of the 
 nation's chief, and thus to give some evi- 
 dence of our appreciation of the Irretrievable 
 loss sustained by our country in the untimely 
 ending of his brilliant life. 
 
 "To-day, in accordance with the earnest 
 recommendation of the President, in compli- 
 ance with the urgent request of the Governor 
 of this state, in conformity with the cus- 
 tom that obtains on such occasions and in 
 response to the natural impulses of our 
 hearts, we meet to bewail the cruel and need- 
 less sacrifice of one so dear to all of us, to 
 pour out our hearts in silent prayer, to give 
 expression though with difficulty to our feel- 
 ings of submission, to speak, it in faltering 
 accents, the words of resignation, to Implore 
 the blessing of God upon our country and 
 especially upon him who succeeds to the 
 especially upon him who succeeds to the high- 
 est office in the gift of the American nation. 
 
 '■The sight presented this morning by thou- 
 sands of our people throughout the length 
 and breadth ot this country 'repairing to their 
 respective houses ot worship' and participat- 
 ing as it were In one grand memorial service 
 is certainly a profoundly sad. Impressive and 
 awe-inspiring one. The wheels of industry 
 are stopped tor the nonce, the chariots of 
 commerce are not so much in evidence to-day, 
 the rumble and the roar of business life are 
 hushed for the time being and the citizens 
 possessed by a common thought and bowed 
 'neath a common woe. are meeting in solemn 
 prayer, in fervent adoration, in earnest sup- 
 plication. And yet we are a practical peo- 
 ple; we do not waste much time in unavail- 
 ing lamentation. All the more does it point 
 to the fact that the man whose death can 
 thus turn all heads 'Into waters,' and all 
 eyes into 'fountains of tears,' must be in 
 many respects a marvelous man, a great per- 
 sonality. 
 
 A reference to the striking events of 
 his long and varied public career will afford 
 ample evidence of this fact. These events 
 are familiar to you all and need not be 
 repeated this morning. The wounds In our 
 hearts are still too fresh to permit of any 
 impartial estimate of the permanent value 
 of his public policy. This Is not the time nor 
 the place nor the occasion to discuss the 
 wisdom or the unwisdom ot that policy. 
 But this we may say that even his bitterest 
 opponents were personally kindly disposed 
 to the man, whilst his spotless reputation 
 in private life and his unwearying devotion 
 and attention to the invalid at his side 
 challenged the frank admiration of all 
 Americans. 
 
 The awful tragedy of his death was em- 
 phaszied by the fact that only the day be- 
 fore he was shot he had delivered the great- 
 est and most significant speech of his life, 
 an address in whiclT he rose splendidly 
 above the narrow standards ot party In- 
 terests and pointed out that '■our real emi- 
 nence rests In the victories of peace, not 
 those ot war." 
 
 But. splendid as were his achievements 
 In life, he eclipsed them by the calmness, 
 the heroism and the rare courage with 
 which he faced the prospect of death. How 
 beautifully did the light of religion play 
 around that death bed. How strong, how 
 noble, how impressive were his last words 
 of resignation! Forget them not my friends; 
 cherish them well. It only for the sake of 
 the living example they set before us, -when 
 
THE MC KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 41 
 
 by word or action we affect to hold ia con- 
 tempt the religious influence in life and 
 death. Remembering those saored words, 
 will not the wish find expression. "May I 
 die the death ot the righteous and may my 
 last end be like his." 
 
 And. oh, eternal, our God, as the thoughts ot 
 the noble life and death of the man we hon- 
 ored come to us, even in our grief and sor- 
 row, we thank Thee for the blessing where- 
 with Thou hast blessed us In his lite; for the 
 example he has set for us in his death. We 
 pray to Thee to grant strength to the grief- 
 stricken widow that she may be able to 
 bear up under the heavy burden of sadness 
 which weighs upon her heart, that she may 
 find comfort and consolation in the sight 
 or a whole nation assembling to honor him 
 she loved and rising up to mourn his death. 
 Bless. O God. our country, and grant that the 
 sacriflce may not have been made utterly in 
 vain, that it may confirm us in our allegi- 
 ance to our country and in our faith in the 
 stability of its institutions. Strengthen the 
 heart of the President of this country that 
 he may walk in those paths of peace and 
 good will to all nations, in those paths so 
 clearly pointed out in the dying message of 
 our lost leader. May this be Thy divine will. 
 Amen. 
 
 AT CENTRAL CONGREGATIONAL 
 CHURCH. 
 
 Over 2.000 people assembled in the Central 
 Congregational Church. The pulpit was 
 neatly draped with emblems of national 
 mourning, and was occupied by the pastor, 
 the Rev. S. P. Cadman, D. D.; the Rev. 
 Charles C- Creegan, D. D.; the Rev. Charles 
 Herald and the Rev. Willard P. Harmon, as- 
 sistant pastor. The Rev. Dr. Cadman, who 
 had just arrived from Europe by the steam- 
 ship Teutonic, reached the church just ten 
 minutes before the beginning of the service. 
 The preliminary services were divided be- 
 tween the Rev. Mr. Harmon and the Rev. 
 Mr. Herald. The vast congregation began its 
 worship by singing the now world tamed 
 favorite hymn, "Nearer, My God, to Thee." 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Creegan's Address. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Charles C. Creegan of the 
 .'American Board of Commissioners of For- 
 eign Missions made the following address: 
 
 "The last words spoken by President Mc- 
 Kinley before sinking into unconsciousness, 
 as the surgeons were about to undertake a 
 critical operation, were these: 'Tny King- 
 dom come. Thy will be done.' Among the 
 very last words which escaped his lips 
 when the grip of death was already upon him 
 and with his hand clasped in the hand o£ 
 his beloved wife were these: 'It is God's 
 will. His will be done, not ours.' 
 
 "I confess it is more difficult for me to- 
 day, in view of the untimely death of this 
 noble man, one ot the best rulers the world 
 has ever known, to say from my very heart 
 'Thy will be done' than at any other time In 
 my life. And yet, leaning over his casket, 
 •8 In Imagination we do. Is not this the 
 very lesson he taught us with his dying 
 wurds? We cannot fathom the mystery and 
 yet, with simple, childlike faith, looking up 
 through our tears into our Father's face, wo 
 will say with William McKinley: 'Thy will 
 be done.' 
 
 "This great congregation is not the only 
 one in mourning — this city ot churches Is 
 not alone in sorrow. Not in Buffalo only, 
 where the fatal shot was flred and where he 
 breathed out his life; not alone In W;ish- 
 Ington, where stands the White House and 
 where on Tuesday last tens of thousands of 
 his countrymen stood with heads uncovered 
 while the very heavens wept — nor In his 
 beloved Ohio and the City of Canton, where 
 his neighbors knew him best, is there wc'p- 
 Ing to-day. but In New Orleans and San 
 Francisco, in Texas and everywhere through- 
 out the land. 
 
 "When Lincoln was stricken down by the 
 hand of an assassin we were still in the 
 throes of a civil war; when Garflelrl was 
 shot by a madman we were only sixteen 
 years from the war and it was a tim.i ot 
 intense political hatred, even In the Presi- 
 dent's own party. To-day there Is no North 
 
 or South, and we mourn as a united and loyal 
 nation tor our chief magistrate. 
 
 "Even under the dome of St. Paul's and 
 the rafters of Westminster memorial serv- 
 ices will be held to-day, as well as through- 
 out the British Empire as tar as New Zealand. 
 In Germany flags are at half mast and I 
 doubt if there is a civilized nation anywhere 
 on the globe where there will not be sym- 
 pathy for our stricken nation and a prayer 
 for the heartbroken widow. 
 
 "With the possible exception ot the death 
 of England's noble Queen, I doubt it any 
 one has ever passed from earth mourned by 
 so many millions. Victoria was called peace- 
 fully away when she had passed her SOth 
 milestone and had been on the throne more 
 than sixty years. She was old and feeble aud 
 her death was anticipated. William Mc- 
 Kinley had only entered upon his second 
 term; had only passed his 5Sth milestone 
 and we had every reason to expect he would 
 not only complete his term with honor to 
 himself and satisfaction to the nation, but 
 also that he would live many years in retire- 
 ment, giving us the benefit of his wise coun- 
 sel and the blessed Influence of his pure ex- 
 ample. 
 
 "The anarchists tell us they are banded 
 together for the purpose of pulling down 
 tyrants. Strange, indeed, that they should 
 choose for their first victim one of the purest 
 and best men God ever gave this or any other 
 nation. 
 
 "The hand of the poet. Ernest Neal Lyon, 
 must have been inspired when he penned 
 these words which have just been published 
 in one of our best weeklies: 
 " ^n every Joy there breathes .*?ome serpent's hlas. 
 .'\nd as to every Eden, so to this 
 Ccn-.es Anarchy, of Satan eldest-born. 
 Mothered by Ignorance, in Want forlo'-n. 
 Nrurlshed by Cunning energized by Hate, 
 Lifting Us head to strike against the state. — 
 To strike (ah, dastard blow!) the good and great! 
 The haid outstretched In pity for Its pain. 
 The heart that never would have felt In vain, 
 Tlie head that thought so wisely and so true. 
 The man that wa.i so strong — yet tender too. — 
 Had wrought si> much, ajnd yet had more to do'.' 
 
 "In view of the peril before us as a nation 
 from unbridled speech and a yellow journal- 
 ism, making the steps to anarchy Itself nat- 
 ural and easy, I am sure this entire congre- 
 gation will unite with the poet in this vow: 
 " Too long within our breast this Viper lay. 
 And shall he thus our charity betray? 
 Upon the altar where our leader fell 
 Let us together swear, and keep it well 
 For righteous vengeance and for public weai 
 To crush the serpent 'neath Law's Iron heel[' " 
 
 "In order that we may learn the secret ot 
 the success of this beautiful life and draw 
 from it some lessons for our profit on this 
 memorial day, I will give a brief historical 
 sketch of the mai^yred President. 
 
 "William McKinley, like General Jackson, 
 John Hall and many more of our greatest 
 Americans, was of Scotch-Irish stock. His 
 family came to York County, Pa., 150 years 
 ago and his great-grandfather fought for the 
 freedom of the colonies during the Revolu- 
 tion. His fatlior, while a young man, moved 
 to Niles, O.. where William was born Jan- 
 uary 29, 1S4.'!. Mr. McKinley's father estab- 
 lished a small Iron foundry where William 
 was often found at work in his boyhood. He 
 never knew the extreme poverty with which 
 Lincoln was familiar in his youth, but he 
 was not ashamed to labor with his hands. 
 and In all the honors which came to him in 
 after life, he never lost his sympathy for 
 the honest toller and the laboring man never 
 had a warmer friend than he. During these 
 years all his leisure hours were spent In 
 study. One who know him well when he was 
 a boy says: 'William McKinley was always 
 a student; ho was constantly storing his 
 mind with useful knowledge.' 
 
 "At It) we find him a teacher at Poland, 
 O. where his father had removed in order 
 that his children might have bolter educa- 
 tional advantages. It was at this time that 
 young McKinley tor his own sake and the 
 Influence he would have by such an act upon 
 his pupils, united with the Methodist Church. 
 From this time on through tho war and all 
 through a long experience in public service 
 to tho end of his life he was not only a 
 man of pure morals, but a model Christian 
 eentleman. At 17 he entered Allegheny Col- 
 
 lege, Pa., where he remained for nearly a 
 year, when failing health compelled him to 
 return home. When he had regained his 
 health we find him a clerk in the village 
 post office, at the time Sumpter was flred 
 upon and the call for heroic young meu 
 came from the noble Lincoln to save the na- 
 tion. Among the very first to enlist from 
 his home town was William McKinley. who 
 was barely 18 years of age. His company 
 was made a part of the Twenty-third Ohio 
 Infantry which became the most famoui 
 regiment ot the war. The colonel was 
 Rosecrans, who became a major general. 
 The lieutenant colonel was Stanley Mat- 
 thews, who afterward became one of tho 
 justices of the Supreme Court ot the United 
 States. Mr. McKinley was not absent from 
 his post a single day during the entire war 
 on account of Illness and was only home for 
 two short weeks on furlough. He served for 
 fourteen long months before his promotion 
 came. When his worth was recognized, his 
 heroic services tor his country were reward- 
 ed by rapid promotion from rank to rank 
 until he was made captain when 21 aiid 
 major at 22. When crossing the battlefield 
 of \ntietam, Md., only a week ago, I re- 
 called his heroic service, doing at the risk 
 of his life what had never been done before, 
 namely, giving to the brave men while In 
 the midst of that terrific battle hot coffee 
 and meat. In doing this his life was ex- 
 posed again and again, as it was also at 
 South Mountain. Cedar Creek and more than 
 twenty-five other engagements of the war. 
 He won the confidence of General Hayes, w'ho 
 placed him on his staff and gave him his 
 warm friendship to the end of his life. 
 
 "A.t the close ot the war, having made for 
 him'self a noble record for heroic and faith- 
 ful service, ho was offered a commission In 
 the regular army, which he would have ac- 
 cepted but for the earnest entreaties of his 
 parents, who urged him to remain at home^ 
 He at once entered upon the study of law 
 and at the end of two years was adinitted to 
 the bar at Canton, 0., which has been his 
 home ever since. 
 
 "In 1871 ho married Miss Ida Saxton, a 
 banker's daughter of Canton. There is not 
 in all history a better example of devotion 
 and love than Mr. McKinley has show-n to 
 his invalid wife through all these thirty 
 years. In the early seventies two beautiful 
 children came to bless the McKinley home, 
 but in a short time death claimed them both. 
 The blow was too much fof the delicate and 
 beautiful wife and since that time she has 
 clung to her strong husband as the vine 
 clings to the oak. 
 
 "Mr McKinley's caretJr at the bar was 
 brilliant and in two years he was elected to 
 the oIBce ot prosecuting attorney of Start 
 County at a time when his own party was 
 greatly in the minority. If he had hot given 
 himself to public service, but had, with his 
 Industrious habits and judicial mind, con- 
 tuued at the bar. he would have been one ol 
 the foremost lawyers of his day. If ha 
 had inclined toward the Oench, he could have 
 gone to the Supreme Court of the United 
 States. But he gave his attention to poll- 
 tics in the best sense ot that word and at the 
 early age of 33 he was elected to Congress. 
 When he entered tho House of Representa- 
 tives General Hayes, his old army friend 
 had 'just been made President. President 
 Haves knowing, as perhaps no other man 
 knew, the character and ability ot Major Mc- 
 Kinley and predicting for him a briHlant 
 career in Congress, suggested one day that 
 instead of trying to master all the bills which 
 might be Introduced and speak upon all the 
 Questions under debate, that he make a study 
 of two or three important measures, claiming 
 nubile attention, and make himself an author^ 
 Ity upon these. Among the subjects namee 
 bv President Haves as worthy of special 
 study was the tarlfr. Major McKinley, fol- 
 lowing the counsel of his old friend, enter- 
 ed upon the study of the tariff with all the 
 energy of his enthusiastic nature. It must 
 have been a proud day for him when, before 
 that crowded chamber, with sentences as 
 clear as a mountain brook and arguments 
 as solid as granite, he defended his bill and 
 before the sun had sunk behind tho hills saw 
 tho McKinley bill become a law. Seven 
 times his neighbors returned him to Con- 
 gress and would have continued doing ao, hat 
 
42 
 
 THE MC KIXLET MEMOntAt. 
 
 lor the re-adjustment of the district, which 
 made It impossible for any one holding his 
 views to bti elected. 
 
 "Ho at once returned to the practice of 
 law, thinking to make this the work of the 
 remaining years of his life. The people of 
 Ohio, howaver, who loved and trusted him 
 were determined that he should not return 
 to the life of a private citizen, and they 
 nominated him for Governor, and he was 
 elected by a large majority. His first term, 
 as Governor of the State was eminently 
 satisfactcry. and they returned him for a 
 second term, with the largest vote which has 
 ever been given in Ohio to any man. 
 
 "Just as he was closing his second term as 
 Governor of his native state, he sacrificed all 
 his property, including his earnings as a 
 lawyer and fourteen years' service in Cou- 
 gresss, amounting to $25,000, in order to sat- 
 isfy a cUim upon him as security for a friend 
 who had failed. In addition to this, Mrs. 
 McKinley turned over $75,000, her share of 
 her father's estate, making in all $100,000, 
 which this man, who was the soul of honor, 
 gave to satisfy a claim which he regarded as 
 morally, if not legally, binding. He was left 
 without a dollar iu the world, but he had that 
 which will shine r.fter the stars fall, that 
 which is worth more than all the gold of the 
 world, he had left hcnor unsullied. 
 
 "If we except his devoted care of an Invalid 
 wife, perhaps nothing gives us a better un- 
 derstanding of the noble character of this 
 good man than the event just related. 
 
 "The people of this country, believing that 
 an 'honest man is the noblest work of God,' 
 began, by common consent, to unite upon the 
 Governor of Ohio — the man who had paid the 
 last dollar of debt although It left him poor, 
 as the right man to sit at the head of the 
 nation. He was nominated and after one of 
 the most hotly contested campaigns ever 
 witnessed in this land, was elected. A more 
 difficult task has not fallen to any president, 
 with the exception of the great Lincoln, who 
 was called to bear the burden of the Civil 
 ■Uar. 'When the future historian, a genera- 
 tion from now, sits down calmly to write the 
 history of these four years, he will give this 
 noble man a place with the foremost states- 
 men of the republic — and as a President he 
 will rank with Washington and Lincoln. 
 
 "It has been said by critics: 'McKinley 
 brought on the war.' A more baseless charge 
 was never made against a great and good 
 man. Every honest person who is acquaint- 
 ed with the facts knows that this heroic 
 sou! who fought so bravely for four long 
 years to save the Union, knew full well the 
 consequences of a bloody war and was deter- 
 mined from the first that there should be no 
 resort to arms if it were in his power to pre- 
 vent it. You remember when many of the 
 journals of the land and not a few of the 
 politicians were urging war and denouncing 
 the President tor hesitating, he still held 
 back with his strong arm the 'dogs of war' 
 until the noble Maine went down with two 
 officers and 266 brave men. It was at this 
 time that a wave of patriotic feeling arose, 
 which has not had a parallel since I^incoln's 
 time, sweeping over the entire land from the 
 Atlantic to the Pacific— from the Gulf to the 
 Great Lakes. It was no longer possible for 
 even McKinley to hold back the 'dogs of war.' 
 The time was now ripe. In the Providence of 
 God. for the removal forever of the cruel 
 Spanish power from the Western hemisphere. 
 When the President asked for $50,000,000 to 
 equip the army and navy. It was at once 
 granted by imanimous vote. Such a thing. I 
 believe, had never been done before in the 
 history of the republic. The President has 
 always been a lover of peace and his earnest 
 words upon this subject, especially that mas- 
 terly address delivered In Buffalo only two 
 days before he was stricken down, will be 
 read by generations to come along with 
 Washington's Farewell and Lincoln's speech 
 at Gettysburg. 
 
 "Let us now. as we pay our last tribute of 
 respect and love to our fallen Chief Magis- 
 trate, gather up a few lessons from his noble 
 life and heroic service tor our profit: 
 
 "1. The first lesson I would name is one 
 of patriotism. The world loves the heroic 
 and will always do honor to the hero: 
 
 Kingdoms, the pride of dust, to dust return. 
 As history's dying hand lotfi fall the scroll. 
 
 But flaming thro' eternal paths will burn 
 The Godward Are of an heroic soul. 
 
 "No braver, more truly heroic soul was 
 
 found In the army of Lincoln than William 
 McKinley. If he had been 25 rather than 
 a boy of IS when he enlisted he would have 
 returned home with the stars of a general 
 on his shoulders. He entered at the open- 
 ing of the war and did not return until re- 
 bellion had been crushed and every slave had 
 become a free man. 
 
 "What we need to-day, perhaps more than 
 anything else, is the same love of country, a 
 devotion that will not only lead us to go 
 to the front and In battle risk life to save 
 the nation, but also, as true patriots, to fol- 
 low his example in fighting that perpetual 
 battle which we call peace. I call upon the 
 young men who hear me to-day to dedicate 
 yourselves to the republic and never rest 
 until anarchy and every evil which may 
 threaten us as a people may be destroyed. 
 We shall go from this service, I am sure, 
 with a more profound respect for the brave 
 boys who wore the blue in the Civil War 
 and a keener sense ol what it cost to save 
 the Union. 
 
 ''2. The second lesson I would name is pur- 
 ity and temperance. Through all the years 
 of the war, meeting a thousand temptations, 
 and afterward in all the thirty and more 
 years of public service, William McKinley 
 was an example in purity and temperance 
 for the young men of this land. The word 
 character takes on a new meaning as we 
 study the life of this man, which was simple 
 yet pure and beautiful, and ie preaching to- 
 day a more powerful sermon tor righteous- 
 ness and temperance than all the pulpits of 
 this land put together. I hold up that lite 
 to-day, without a word of apology or a mo- 
 ment's hesitation, as one worthy to be imi- 
 tated by the young men of America. He was 
 unique in public life in that he held the 
 confidence and love of his political oppon- 
 ents, and to-day ex-'President Cleveland is 
 paying a tribute to the memory ot this right- 
 eous man. 
 
 "3. The third lesson Is one of courtesy and 
 kindness. In an age when in our mad rush 
 for money men are too busy to be courteous 
 and too selfish to be kind, the President 
 has shown by his entire life the beauty and 
 power there is in courtesy and kindness. 
 He was always the friend of children and 
 they always loved him. I suppose he never 
 saw a beautiful child without his thought 
 would turn toward the dear ones who, all 
 tco soon, were taken from his own home. 
 The last act of his life before the fatal 
 ball struck him was to place his hand upon 
 the head of a little girl, and when she 
 looked up Into his kindly face, after pass- 
 ing, he turned and waved his hand to her. 
 You remember the member of Congress, be- 
 longing to another party, who had said some 
 very bitter and untrue things of Mr. Mc- 
 Kinley before be had met him, but when he 
 came into touch with this great heart, this 
 man who adds a new meaning to the word 
 kindness, he said to a friend: 'I would give 
 almost anything if I had never said those 
 bitter things about that good man.' Kind- 
 ness beamed in his face. It Is possible that 
 there were those who hated him, but I am 
 sure if you find any such to-day in Ohio, 
 where his sacred dust will soon be placed 
 In the tomb, or any part of this land, yotl 
 will be obliged to look for them where men 
 gather In dark places and secretly plot 
 against good government and good men. 
 Give us enough men and women with his 
 kind spirit and this world would soon be 
 transformed by the sunshine which would 
 radiate from tbem. 
 
 "4. In the fourth place, I ■will mention 
 the lesson which comes to use from the 
 domestic virtues which centered in that 
 home in Canton and was witnessed even In 
 the bright light which beat upon the White 
 House. It the Christian home is the most 
 beautiful spot our eyes have ever seen or 
 ever will see until we look up on 'the delect- 
 able mountains' and we wish to find a model, 
 I point you to that home, which the entire 
 world has been looking upon with admira- 
 tion and emulation. Everybody knows that 
 it would be impossible that the heart ot a 
 man so true, so ideal in his domestic love, 
 could be other than loyal and patriotic 
 touching national warfare. Every home in 
 .\merica is sweeter to-day because ot the 
 ' beautiful, yes, ideal home of our President, 
 
 and every heart goes out in sympathy and 
 prayer for the one who must now walk 
 alone. 
 " 'Let consciousness of a wide love to-day 
 Mingle a drop less bitter with the myrrh 
 Tliat brims her cup. while all a nation, nay, 
 A multitude of nations, mourns with her.' 
 "5. The last lesson I would name Is the 
 one ho taught us in his closing hours, 
 namely, how to die. All the preachers in 
 the world could not preach a sermon so 
 eloquent and touching as did the great 
 President by his Christian death. Among 
 those last words, and they are worth recall- 
 ing now, were these: 'My wife; be careful 
 about her.' When he saw the danger that 
 his assassin would be lynched, he said: 'Let 
 no one hurt him.' How this reminds us ot 
 the Master when He said: 'Father, forgive 
 them for they know not what they do.' 'It 
 is God's way. His will be done, not ours.' 
 
 "He seems to go back to the very prayer 
 which his mother taught him. The song 
 which will now be a national anthem along 
 by the side ot "My Country, 'Tis of Thee" 
 will be these very last words of President 
 McKinley: 
 
 " 'Nearer, My Goill, to Thee.* 
 "Now, turning our faces tor a moment 
 toward the future, we are surprised at the 
 resources of God in bringing to the front 
 great men when they are needed. When 
 Lincoln tell and Wall street was in panic, 
 the majestic form ot General Garfield ap- 
 peared on the scene and, standing by the 
 statue ot Washington yonder, he spoke to 
 the thousands of upturned faces these 
 words: 'God reigns and the government at 
 Washington is safe.l_JVe^ make those word^ 
 our own and, while God is on His throne 
 and President Roosevelt — one ot our own 
 citizens — brave and true and beloved by us 
 all, is In the White House, we shall not 
 fear for the future ot. the republic. 
 
 " 'We felt cur nothingneas in this eclipse. 
 We bowed in silence and with sealed lips; 
 Put now in confidence we humbly pray. 
 Our Father, bring us all— leader and land— 
 By Thine all-pitying, all-uplifting hand. 
 Into tl'.o dawning oi: a faiier t'ay.' " 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Cadman's Address. 
 
 Owing to the lateness ot Dr. Cadman's ar- 
 rival, his addresB was entirely impromptu. 
 He had started from England hopeful of the 
 President's recovery, and not till the steam- 
 ship reached the lightship was he aware that 
 the President was dead. The shock of the 
 news was such as to unman every person on 
 board. He concluded, when he learned of the 
 memorial services that the people ot the 
 Central Church would be gathered in common 
 with their neighbors, and he hastened his 
 steps so as to be a participant in the honors 
 to tbe memory of the boleved Chief Magis- 
 trate of the nation. After paying an eloquent 
 and glowing tribute to the departed Presi- 
 dent's memory, and eulogizing his great lite, 
 character and Christian example — Christian 
 in livieg and Christian ia dylDjg — he drew a 
 vivid picture ot Abraham Lincoln, the first 
 President martyr, from whom William Mc- 
 Kinley received his soldier's commission, 
 meeting and welcoming iu the portals ot the 
 better land, and uniting as they walked to- 
 gether, in that song, now more sacred than 
 ever, "Nearer, My God, to Thee." He would 
 not think ot William McKinley as dead. No, 
 such a man lives on through the ages, for 
 death could not destroy immortality. In clos^ 
 ing he warned his hearers against the en- 
 couragement of dangerous, pernicious litera- 
 ture, whether in the form ot books or news- 
 papers. Christians should draw themselves 
 Into line and frown down the villainous 
 spirit that had reared itself tor the destruc- 
 tion of government and religion. 
 
 RABBI TAUBENHAUS' SERP/ION. 
 
 The Rev. G. Taubenhaus. rabbi of the Con- 
 gregation Beth Elohim, preach on Thursday 
 morning on "The Last Words of President 
 McKinley." Mr. Taubenhaus said: 
 
 "It is related in the Talmud: When Rabbi 
 Phuder. the prince, died. Bar Kuppara cried, 
 'angela and righteous man combatted about 
 
THB MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 43 
 
 the possession of the holy ark, and the 
 
 angels succeeded In carrying It off." The 
 same the American people may say about our 
 late President McKlnley. Angels carried him 
 off. 
 
 "There are two sides to his death. One is 
 horrible to contemplate, the other bears the 
 Elysian calm of the saint. Ii is horrible to 
 think of the cause of his death. Never has 
 integrity been deeper wounded, never has 
 Injustice taken a more atrocious step, never 
 has a more perfidious act stained and pol- 
 luted the record of human nature than when 
 amidst the high strains of the refining art, 
 amidst the enthused ovation of a loyal and 
 affectionate people our Chief Magistrate at 
 the pinnacle of glory was made the target of 
 anarchy's violence. 
 
 "What destruction. The sanctuary of a 
 happy family has fallen, the golden sword of 
 a proud nation has been broken, the blessed 
 activity of a great man in whom wonderful 
 moral and Intellectual elements were 
 beautifully blended, was checked and the 
 faithful administration of an upright, benefi- 
 cent and hopeful ruler was cut off. It is sad. 
 It is depressing and heart-rending. It is 
 enough to stifle honest ambition and to dis- 
 courage earnest endeavor. It is humiliating 
 and almost maddening. 
 
 '"But, on the other hand, we are uplifted 
 and transported into the pure atmosphere of 
 saintliness when we reflect upon the gentle 
 and righteous demeanor of the stricken 
 President during the critical day3 of his 
 sickness. What a manly courage, what a 
 religious patience, what a spiritual cheer and 
 what an heroic faith he has manifested in 
 a condition in which many others with less 
 spirituality and loss reiislcus ardor might 
 have murmured against Providence and ques- 
 tioned the ways of God. His last words 
 were prophetic and were celestial. While 
 the angel of peace was closing his eyes to 
 eternal sleep and a sympathizing and devoted 
 world prayed for his recovery, he said, 'Not 
 our, but God's will be done." He parted as 
 an apastle of truth, as a high priest in the 
 temple of God. Thus our great chief was 
 privileged to die as he lived, the benefactor 
 of his countrymen. 
 
 "Living, he benefited his countrymen not 
 only by the inauguration of a new era in 
 American history, an era of prosperity at 
 home and of recognition abroad, but by the 
 great moral force he brought to bear upon 
 the functions of his exalted ofiice. Nothing 
 is so noble and imperative in the life of a 
 public official as the observance of the prin- 
 ciple to keep the public trust sacred. This 
 Is the condition and substance of good gov- 
 ernment. Government Is not something ab- 
 stract; it is not a thing shut up iu the 
 BtatutoiT book. The government is In a 
 sense the official. The kind of government 
 depends upon the kind of official we have. 
 If he is Imbued with noble principles, it he 
 Is conscious of the sanctity of confidence and 
 the immutability of law, then we have a 
 good government. 
 
 "President XTcKlnley was alive to the 
 principles of good government, and his gov- 
 ernment will serve as an excellent model and 
 pattern. His last words prove that, though 
 occupying the loftiest position within the 
 reach of man, he never regarded himself as 
 else than a servant of God. 
 
 "The world cherishes the last words of 
 sreat men. We love Moses the more for the 
 benediction ho pronounced upon hia people 
 before he left them. We admire the prophet 
 Samuel the more for calling upon the people 
 before his final departure to testify against 
 him before the Lord whom he wronged, whom 
 he defrauded. We respect Mohammed for 
 Baying at the close of his life: 'Let him whom 
 I have done an violence or an Injustice come 
 now and I will make reparation.' We are 
 awe struck when we read that the tortured 
 Rabbi Akiba expired while the lust word of 
 Israel's fundamental creed was still hovering 
 On his lips; that Rabbi Chanaujah having been 
 wrapt up In the burning parchment of sacred 
 scroll said: 'I see the parchment burn but 
 the words rise to heaven.' Rabbi Jebuda, the 
 pious, and .Martin Luther both, one on the 
 pyre and the other on his death bed, sang 
 with the psalmist. 'In thy hand, O God, f 
 commend my spirit.' We feel closer drawn to 
 our late President for the great word with 
 ■which he sealed this side of his lite. 'God's 
 Will be done' will be treasured with new 
 
 ardor as a spiritual legacy which America's 
 
 latest martyr bequeathed unto us. 
 
 "We need the lesson of dying well, no leas 
 than the lesson of living well. How we 
 shrink from death! How we fear dying! 
 What claim have we on this world that we 
 are so loth to leave it. Life is a sacred gift, 
 a holy trust. We should love and cling to 
 it as such. But when the Almighty demands 
 it should we murmur? Those that lived well 
 have never been afraid of death. Many of 
 them made their last hour a source of in- 
 struction and Inspiration. 
 
 "The great spiritual influence which the 
 last words of the President exercised upon 
 the American people is beyond all possible 
 estimate. Religion triumphed, righteousness 
 held up the flag of victory when it became 
 known that the President closed his eyes like 
 a saint. 
 
 "Friends, let us draw nearer to our mar- 
 tyred chief In the relation of disciple to his 
 teacher and master. This is the purpose that 
 we meet here in the shadow of national be- 
 reavement. Our object cannot be eulogy. 
 The late President is not in need of it. He 
 wrote his own eulogy in the immortal char- 
 acters of a transcendent life. To praise him 
 to-day Is like attempting to represent with 
 the painter's brush the beauty of the rainbow 
 or the grandeur of a shining galaxy. Ameri- 
 ca will do Justice to his sacred memory. His- 
 tory will work the golden wreath of the fit- 
 ting tribute that he merited. Arts will vie 
 with one another in doing honor unto his 
 name. Large cities will feel honored to pos- 
 sess his statue. Libraries will arrange for 
 new shelves for the books that will be written 
 upon the life of President McKinley, so noble 
 throughout and so glorious in the end. What 
 we can do for him to-day Is to heed those 
 good lessons he taught for our benefit, and 
 let us pray that when our time comes to 
 leave this world we leave it as he did, like 
 a sun setting at a cloudless evening that pro- 
 fusely illuminates the western horizon and 
 promises the coming of another glorious day." 
 
 . REV. DR. GEORGE ADAMS. 
 
 There was a large ard attentive congrega- 
 tion in the Williams Avenue M. E. Churt-h 
 and the pastor, the Hev. Dr. George Adams, 
 preached a sermon on "iess-ons for Young 
 Men frDm the Life and Character of Our Mar- 
 tyred President." His text was, "He was a 
 good mau." Luke xxlil:;0. He said: 
 
 "We are assembled to-night to give our 
 tribute of loving commendation of the life 
 anl character of a good, man — our martyred 
 President, "'Vil'ilam McKinley, whose tragic 
 death caused grief in the hearts of his coun- 
 trymen. At present we are so near the sad- 
 dening event that It is well nigh impossible to 
 fuily app.-eciate and estimate the value of his 
 public services and private life. Born neither 
 to wealth nor poverty, he was surrounded with 
 sufficient to stimulate him to personal efforts 
 to excel. Witn purpose to acquire education 
 such as the tctrt .=-thoolD provide, at 16 years 
 of age he matriculates as student In Alle- 
 gheny College at ivleadville. Pa., where Ill- 
 ness forbade his remaining and reverses pre- 
 vented his returning. The firing on Fort 
 Sumter excited his patriotism and he became 
 at 18 a pri.'i'te soidifr in Company E of the 
 Twenty-third Ohio Rcgin.er.t. His valor end 
 success on the field have become well known 
 through the secular pitss, as also his promo- 
 tion jt 22 to the offlce of major; returning to 
 private life with the confidence and respect 
 of prominent men. 
 
 "It may profit i:s all and especially the 
 young men of this congregation to observe 
 some of the lessons taught in the career and 
 character of our late President. Industry is 
 essential to success. There was nothing in 
 the boy McKinley or in his youth to Indlcat-^ 
 brilliancy of talent, but his early years Indi- 
 cate the absence of the slightest trace of In- 
 QoIei;re. He must needs have worked haivl 
 to be ready for college at 16. As a soldier, 
 devotion to duty paved the way to advance- 
 mra*. and bts fidelity wins the approval of his 
 superiors which benefits him Ir after days. 
 In the study of law he so tr plied himself as 
 to secure desirable recognition. The tariff 
 bill bearing Ms name, wMcli appeared eleven 
 years ago. Indicated remarkable application. 
 Throughout his life ho was known to give 
 himself to work, bard, unremitting work. 
 Hence this familiar lesson adorred by hla 
 
 lite reminds us all again that the royal road 
 to success is by steadily tolling day by day. 
 No one of us, no one anywhere, need expect 
 success without applying ourselves zealously 
 and unremittingly to our rightful calling in 
 the labors of earth. 
 
 "The lite we are considering teaches us also 
 that religion and politics are co.-opatlble. By 
 this I mean that religious life and political 
 requirements may be harmoniously blended 
 for the good of the nation. Christianity re- 
 quires purity of conduct, unequivocal and 
 righteous livin?;. The highest type of political 
 life demands that patriotism shall be trans- 
 pa; ent, that the maintenance of statutory 
 enactments and agitation for further legis- 
 lation shall be In keeping with the dignity 
 of law making bodies and the loftiest Idea o't 
 commendable statesmanship. Is there, there- 
 tore, any reason why such religion and such 
 politics cannot be peacefully wedded? In 
 William McKinley there was a profitable 
 marriage of political aspirations and duties 
 with the devotional tendencies of a man of 
 God. He knew that although there were base 
 politicians, he need not be impure, and that 
 while some were the victims of unholy ava- 
 rice, he might covet earnestly the beet gifts. 
 His convictions of human rights concerning 
 the slave question and of personal and na- 
 tional ."esponsibility relating to the Spanish 
 oppression of Cubans are well known to the 
 world and will be the admiration of the gene- 
 rations to corae. 
 
 "We further learn from, the life of this 
 good man that a good character is invaluable. 
 The noblest art of men is the formation of a 
 good character. To build a good character 
 requires the co-operation of the human and 
 the divine. That which men call genius or 
 talent will be forgotten; gold will cease to 
 shine and attract, then perish; all the beau- 
 ties of earth will pass away, but goodness 
 is Immortal, and a good character will leave 
 its impress in the world and live on forever. 
 Our martyred President spent his life build- 
 ing character. It was not always easy, 
 though the foundations were strong. It was 
 not pastime to add a pillar, or a buttress, or 
 furnish a Jewel or a polished shaft toward 
 completing the structure; but when on Sep- 
 tember 13, 1901. the builder bid farewell to 
 earth and placed on the tower of his own 
 building the words, 'It is God's way. His will 
 be done,' the master builder of the universe 
 stepped from his throne and placed above the 
 Inscription the top stone, amid the plaudits 
 of unseen seraphs as He said: 'Grace, grace 
 unto it,' then immediately transferred the 
 completed building to a better location, where 
 angels might adore and men on earth revere 
 and all nations unitedly declare that who- 
 ever could build such a character was a good 
 man. 
 
 "The character of this good man was so 
 superior that his personal worth added dig- 
 nity to his public position. When the fatal 
 shot of the assassin sent its horrid echoes 
 around the globe and shocked and saddened 
 mankind, they paused to think that the man 
 was greater than his office, and that the rela- 
 tions implied an exceeding loss. Men, wom- 
 en and children grieved, for they had lost a 
 friend; the nation mourned, for it was sorely 
 bereaved. Crowned heads of other nations 
 are bowed in sorrow, for a brother beloVed 
 has gone. The recent memorial services In 
 extent and character have been unsurpassed 
 In the world's history, and, while the body 
 was quietly placed in God's acres for peaceful 
 burial, the wheels of the nation's machinery 
 ceased to revolve, cable and telegraph car- 
 ried no message and men stood reverently on 
 the street and elsewhere with uncov«red head* 
 for five minutes, In honor of tho moit loved 
 man In our land. His public character has 
 well deserved it and his domestic life merited 
 tho Immortal title of Dr. McKelway of tha 
 Brooklyn Eagle, 'King of husbands and prince 
 of lovers. ' How tenderly he ministered to 
 bis wife on all occasions. His increasing du- 
 ties and multiplied cares did not lead him to 
 seek relief and relaxation in the club house, 
 but he felt that he could get nearest heaven's 
 rest In the heart of his home. Neither diplo- 
 mats nor merchant princes nor men of letters 
 could attract him from the charms of home 
 or lead him to forget those duties which make 
 the hearthstone tho vestibule of heaven. 
 Truly he was a noble husband and a slncer* 
 patriot, a king among men." 
 
THE MC KINLET MEMORIAIi. 
 
 Nearerjmy»(Tbd,ita Theeii 
 UN^arer^toi Theeii 
 
 iE!firtiithough;:it Jbesa^'crosA 
 Tfiat iiaiaetlinmej 
 1 ji'/ SiillljaU'^myjsongjIshall! be,, 
 
 !N0arer,i:my « Qod,i:to^Thee;i 
 Nearer^to, Thsei. 
 
 Ttflggi^Jirgeithe'wanderer,, 
 'Tfi§Si»la ^onezdown, 
 
 ir^£a^»:ifce Joyer ^ane, 
 jyiyTestxaE'stone;) 
 
 Yet^l^mj" dreams i!d be 
 
 Nearer,"my"'Qod,-tOi Thee; 
 JVearWjito Thee.. 
 
 Xhereriel iitjy'waylappear 
 ;Step^lHnttf3ieayea:S 
 
 Ail thai OChpuzsendest Jm© 
 'Inlmeixy givetf;^ 
 
 AngreisnoXbeckormime 
 
 Wearer?my^God,vta'^h»8. 
 Nearer*ta7TtoS.e- 
 
 Theniwith sriywaCing "thoughts 
 BrighCwIth, Xhy^praise. 
 
 lOurtoflmy^stonysgriets' 
 Altars nil iraise ; 
 
 fSosbyTmy^woesltosbfe' 
 
 ^leareivfmy^QodVjtb.iTJieei 
 
Life and Death 
 
 of the Cotintt'y's Chief Magistrate 
 the Subject of Pulpit Discourses. 
 
 On Sunday, September 22, special memorial services were held in most of the chnrches. Many of the 
 pastors who had just returned from their summer rest embraced the opportunity of paying their tributes to the 
 memory of the late President McKinley. Some of these sermons, which will be remembered for their emphasis 
 and earnestness, as well as for their richness of review of life and character, have been preserved in this 
 more permanent form. 
 
 REV. DR. NEWELL DWIGHT HILLIS 
 
 Dr. HilUs preached his first sermon after 
 his return from his vacation yesterday 
 !n Plymouth Church, and his congrega- 
 tion was out in great numbers. "Moses, 
 the Typical Hero and Leader, and the 
 Life Teachers That Made His Manhood" 
 was the subject of the discourse. Dr. Hillis 
 spoke of the tragedy at Buffalo and of the 
 life of President McKinley. His text was 
 from Hebrews xi;23-29. He said: 
 
 "By common consent Moses is the most 
 fascinating figure of the Old Testament 
 times. Be the reasons what they may, his 
 character and career have captured the im- 
 agination of all mankind. But universal love 
 does not come unasked or slay unurged. 
 From nothing, nothing comes. Love is an 
 effect that begins In some cause named a 
 character that is lovable. If the tides of 
 affection run deep and strong toward this 
 hero, it is because his manhood compels ad- 
 miration, as surely as the moon compels the 
 tides in their forward flow. Doubtless many 
 elements of mind and heart combined to give 
 this leader his unique place and influence. 
 Men of morals admire Moses because he put 
 the laws of right and wrong in form so 
 clear that they still hold in all courts of 
 justice. Men of faith revere him because he 
 is the teacher of those who endure as see- 
 ing Him who is invisible. Men of intellect 
 reverence .Moses because of his many .sided 
 greatness, for he is the one myriad minded 
 man. Practical men look up to hira because 
 by way of pre-eminence he is the man of 
 achievement who gets things done; the nat- 
 ural king, as Carlyle said, who melts all 
 wills Into his. The story of his deeds Is 
 the most amazing story in the history of 
 great men. Like our own Douglas, he was 
 born a slave. By a dramatic event he was 
 adopted Into the king's palace. Sitting at 
 the feet of the wisest teachers, at 30 he 
 had all the knowledge of tho Egyptians. At 
 40 he was a fugitive from justice, hiding 
 in the cave of the desert. At 80 years of 
 age. at a time when other men avoid respon- 
 sibility, this hero was fomenting a rebellion 
 among his countrj'men. 
 
 Greater Than Lincoln. 
 "The history of successful agitation of- 
 fords no parallel to Moses' liberation of his 
 countrymen. It Lincoln emancipated three 
 
 million slaves Lincoln had as counselors the 
 wisest men of the nation, and was backed by 
 a hundred generals, a miliion men in arms, 
 and the resources of a nation; but this He- 
 brew hero, single-handed and without one 
 battlefield, achieved the freedom of his race. 
 And when the emancipator had safely led 
 his company beyond the border lines how 
 colossal the task that confronted him! He 
 found his people a mere horde of savages; 
 he left them a nation compact, with charac- 
 teristics that have persisted through thirty 
 centuries. He found them idolaters and fe- 
 tish worshippers; he left them the exponents 
 of the one God and Father of mankind. He 
 found them without laws or institutions; he 
 left them with a body of laws, domestic, 
 laws hygienic, laws political, laws moral and 
 spiritual, laws so founded in the nature of 
 tilings as to make the Hebrew unique for his 
 longevity from the view point of health, and 
 supreme In his achievements in finance, 
 commerce, music and philosophy. What 
 amazing opulence of gifts, what fertility of 
 resource had Moses! In literature his psalm 
 of the brevity of life and the eternity of 
 God is one of the supreme things in the 
 libraries. In law Moses rises above Justin- 
 ian, and Blackstone and Story as some Mat- 
 terliorn rises above the low-browed hills. 
 When the slaves were emancipated Garri- 
 son said that nothing remained for him but 
 to die, but where Garrison's work stopped 
 Moses took up his work anew and went on 
 to achieve mind and liberty for the heart. 
 For thirty centuries this hero has been the 
 keeper of men's consciences, and held the 
 keys of the temple of justice, and so long as 
 lav/ and liberty endureth the figure of Moses 
 will remain the sublimest figure in the an- 
 nals of time. 
 
 True Homage to the Great. 
 "But that is a poor form of homage to 
 the great that is content with rehearsing" 
 tho story of the hero's achievements, or 
 calling the roll of his Intellectual and moral 
 gifts. Last Thursday we did indeed men- 
 tion one by one those superb qualities of 
 intellect and judgment, tact, common sense, 
 moral earnestness, sympathy, love for his 
 fellows, devotion to his home, and faith In 
 his God; stars that anchor Into that con- 
 stellation of greatness toward our beloved 
 President. But on that day our true homage 
 was in secret determination to imitate his 
 virtues and reproduce his spirit and ex- 
 ample. And admiration for this great leader. 
 
 Moses, begins with certain questions: 
 Where were the hidings of his power? By 
 what paths did he go forward toward influ- 
 ence? In what school of God's providence 
 was he reared? What teachers nurtured his 
 grov%-ing faculties? By what principles ot 
 spiritual chemistry were the ordinarj- forces 
 of nature so skillfully combined as to make 
 the manhood of this unique leader? Fortu- 
 nately, we know his story in detail. We can 
 see the man in the making. For he does not 
 enter into the scene of the prophet using 
 i forces supernatural and terrifying us Into 
 i submission; he does not stand forth a seer 
 whose v/isdom makes him weird and awe- 
 some; one with whom ordinary mortals can 
 have no sympathy. Moses began as our 
 great men begin. He moved along those 
 paths of work, study, temptation, responsi- 
 bility, trouble, victory and defeat, in grati- 
 tude and love, upon which all must walk. 
 
 One's Country and Times as Life 
 Teachers. 
 "The first life teacher that infiuenced this 
 gifted youth was the city and nation in which 
 the slave was reared. What a univers- 
 ity was that in which the providence of God 
 trained the youth for his career as adminis- 
 trator, soldier, statesman and moral teacher. 
 Not until our modern excavators uncovered 
 the old cities where Moses spent his child- 
 hood and youth did men realize how glori- 
 ous an epoch was his. At a time when Greece 
 was inhabited by wandering tribes, and the 
 Romans were hunters wandering through the 
 forests in search or geirue, ths Sgyptlans had 
 founded cities, d»voloped arts and industries, 
 and many forms of knowledge; their archi- 
 tecture still amazes and instructs our build- 
 ers. Their obelisks proclaim their knowl- 
 edge of civil engineering. Their scholars had 
 carried astronomy, mathematics ajid ge- 
 ometry to a high stage of perfection. When 
 long afterward, here and there, an intellec- 
 tual torch Samed up in Greece, It was found 
 that the torches had been lighted by a paper, 
 brought from Egj-pt. Strangely enough it 
 has been noted that the four great teachers 
 who founded their respective forms of knowl- 
 edge In Greece were all educated In cities 
 where Moses himself had studied. Pythag- 
 oras was the first Greek mathematician, but 
 this wise teacher studied In Thebes, re- 
 nowned less for its one hundred gates than 
 for its schools of instruction. Thales and 
 Democrltus did much for philosophy, but 
 both bad lingered long la Memphis, city of 
 
46 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 tombs, temples and pyramids. Solon stands 
 forth the great law giver, but Solus studied 
 In Sals, called the O.TCford of Egypt. Herodo- 
 tus was the father of Grecian history, and 
 Herodotus derived his method from his 
 teacher In the temple of Hieropolls. In an 
 era when Egypt had four capitals, and the 
 king dwelt for a few months in each. Moses 
 was a member of the royal household, and 
 In his youth became familiar with all the 
 scenes that were to so greatly enrich the 
 young Grecians who had traveled thither 
 with hungry minds and hearts. To the Islng's 
 palace, also, must have come earth's most 
 gifted sons, whoever had any new thought as 
 to the great facts of land, or sea, or sky, 
 whoever had perfected a new poem, a new 
 law, a new tool, a new philosophy, brought 
 It to receive the royal approval of his mas- 
 ter. Reared amidst such surroundings the 
 young Hebrew became encyclopedic in his 
 culture. If w« affirm that he was marked 
 In his intellectual gifts, we must also con- 
 fess that he had unique opportunity. In 
 modern times the hero receives the freedom 
 of a city, and a letter given by the lord 
 major proves to be a key that opens all doors 
 an(?. gates for cathedrals and galleries. Not 
 otherwise Gcd sent the angels of opportun- 
 ity, that going before this youth. Moses, 
 flung wide all doors of wisdom and knowl- 
 edge. The savage and slave sit in their 
 silent cells and the mind slowly starves to 
 death. But this Hebrew youth dwelt In an 
 atmosphere most friendly, and receif^ing 
 light and inspiration from every side, he 
 grew and took on the dimensions of one of 
 earth's greatest men. What work of en- 
 largement was wrought upon the youth by 
 Jils age and time the history of our own be- 
 loved President proclaims. 
 
 The School of Patriotism. 
 "But If, on the one side this youth was 
 ehaped by his lite in a palace, on the other 
 he owed much to the fact that his earliest 
 teacher was a slave woman — his own mother. 
 In God's providence there was one cord unit- 
 ing the youth to his people that was never 
 cut. He knew, indeed, all the splendor of 
 tho court, and had slaves to do his bidding, 
 but he never forgot that these slaves were 
 his own brethren. As he'- increased In stat- 
 ure his sense of obligation to his own by 
 blood Increased also. And hours there were 
 ■n-hen the sight of the misery of his brethren 
 moved him with compassion. Other hours 
 there were when he wa» conscious of the 
 awtul oppression and misery visited upon his 
 people, and then his indignation rose and 
 tell in him with all the force of a seisiilc 
 upheaval that disturbs the very earth. Great 
 1j the influence of art and gold and wisdom, 
 but the love of county is a sentiment more 
 powerful still. When one's native land and 
 one's own fireside is threatened, and the hap- 
 piness of one's fellows is in peril all things 
 else become as nothing. Once the sentiment 
 is fully developed nothing avails to extin- 
 guish it. Witness the periodic revolutions in 
 Ireland! Witness the enthusiasm of these 
 annual meetings which celebrate the birth 
 of Emmetl Witness Kossuth's love of coun- 
 try that could not be extinguished by fifty 
 years of exile! Witness brave little Holland 
 and her one hundred years of battling, and her 
 final victory! In a peaceful era like this the 
 mother is anxious if husband or son is out 
 late for a single evening. But if the liberty 
 of the countiy should be threatened this 
 woman would send both son and husband 
 away, knowing that it would be forever. And 
 from time to time God sends In a great crisis 
 for a people, and feeds the fire of patriotism. 
 He sets the hearts all aglow and makes all 
 fully conscious of his duty to the fatherland. 
 Have we not, indeed, felt during these last 
 few days that God Is shaping His coming 
 leaders for this state and nation? The 
 »cenes incident to the death and burial of 
 our revered President have touched deeply 
 the hearts of the mature and the aged, but 
 God has put to school in thse days the young 
 whom He will have as leaders of men and 
 events fifty years hence. HaTjpy those par- 
 ents who have wisdom to interpret to their 
 children and youth the meaning of these 
 deeply solemn days; happy those young 
 
 minds who have been made to look upon the , ..„„„, „„ „„.,^.u auu ^vtu, 
 laces Of our great Presidents, our martyred ' beam, a3 ripeness dwells 
 
 leaders, our statesmen, our orators, our re- 
 formers, our heroes, living and dead. In 
 these days our parents should rise earlv and 
 sit up late telling to their children the "story 
 of the men of noble renowm. It is this that 
 continues the succession of the worthies. It 
 is for such an end that the nation Is being 
 led through these days so fraught with pos- 
 sibility of good or evil for the country. .■Vnd 
 it so happened in the career o( this Hebrew 
 Moses that for the years the love of his fel- 
 lows was as a fire burning in his bones. By 
 day and by night he meditated plans for 
 their emancipation. At length the unexpect- 
 ed happened. Driving in the fields one day 
 he saw an Egyptian abuse his slave. In his 
 anger he struck the overseer. The man fell 
 dead at his feet. His one recourse was 
 flight to the desert. Then, as John Brown's 
 raid at Harper's Ferry was as a spark that 
 fell on the prairies, so the death of the over- 
 seer roused Egypt to her peril. From that 
 hour Pharaoh made strong his defenses and 
 walls, and from that hour Moses meditated 
 his great plans of emancipation and deliver- 
 ance. 
 
 His Vision of God. 
 "Now !n life's school a third teacher meets 
 Moses and makes his manhood— the vision 
 of the one God. his guide through life and 
 beyond It. For the greatness of this man 
 was largely the greatness of God In him. At 
 the end of his career he said that he had 
 endured the troubles of his lot; had borne 
 up under his heavy burdens; survived all 
 sufferings, and turned his defeats into vic- 
 tory through the sense of God's personal 
 presence. Men opposed him. but he believed 
 u them Men thwarted him. hated him, ma- 
 gned him, but he struggled on. Why was 
 It? he was a believer In God, and God's wings 
 made a shelter and hid him from the strife. 
 Gladstone 3 testimony, in extreme old age 
 seems to have been colored by that ot Moses' 
 The mainstay of civilization," said the old 
 statesman, 'Is a living faith in a personal 
 God. After sixty years of public life I hold 
 more strongly than ever to this conviction 
 deepened and strengthened by long experi- 
 ence by the reality, the nearness and the per- 
 sonality of God.' And as this faith in God 
 was the hero's support, it has also been one 
 of the great forces in all the centuries Be- 
 fore Moses came what a confusion ot ideas- 
 Ideas polytheistic. Ideas vicious and foolish 
 -Men associated the river, the tree, the cloud 
 the storm, the beasts, with their ideas of 
 deity. There i-J a legend that tells us how 
 Moses came to iCel his way through this mass 
 of error Into truth concerning the one God 
 and moral governor. The young Hebrew and 
 his Egyptian foster mother were Journeying 
 with a caravan to Damascus. One evening 
 sitting in the tents an old priest pointed out 
 Venus as the presiding god. While others 
 slept Moses arose to pray unto that far-off 
 deity, but when the youth had opened his 
 eyes lo, the star had set, and he was con- 
 scious of the great disappointment and loss 
 of faith. Another time a teacher pointed 
 out the sun as the center ot the divine power, 
 but while Moses prostrated himself before 
 the sun, a cloud wrapt the fire-god in dark- 
 ness and obscurity. And then his heart went 
 out to one who was above the stars and be- 
 yond the sun. And. oh, what a thought was that 
 that entered his consciousness— the sense of 
 Gtd, the on-y*ind that pervaded all scenes- 
 one purpose- \iat controlled all events; one 
 heart full of mercy and love, pity and com- 
 passion, and he cried out: 'Before' the moun- 
 tains were brought forth, or hadst ever 
 formed the earth and world; even rrom ever- 
 lasting to everlasting, Thou are God.' What 
 support came to him through the secret ot 
 God's constant presence. What a towet oC 
 strength; what a pavilion from the clatter 
 of these hordes about him. Luther rested 
 himself after his work with his violin: Crou,- 
 well, in the evening, refreshed his soul with 
 the voice of singers: Sumner forgot the heat 
 of the Senate chamber by turning to his 
 books, as Gladstone did by his arts, china 
 and pictures. But Moses, after days of tumult 
 and anxiety, lifted his eyes unto the. hills 
 
 wisdom dwells in the scholar; as sweetness 
 dwells in a song. Life was his school. God 
 was his teacher. And. gazing into the face of 
 this one God — the Father ot mankind, the 
 youth was transformed into a hero, and be- 
 came the builder of states, and the keeper 
 of civilization. 
 
 The School of Exile. 
 
 "Another teacher must be named Exile and 
 Trouble that taught the man patience. We 
 know that the hero was a stnng man, but 
 strength is ofttlmes a peril. Niagara repre- 
 sents power, but recently the power ot that 
 awful cataract has been harnessed, and when 
 it appears at that Itver in th> great fair at 
 Buffalo, the energies of the falling waters re- 
 fppear with the gentleness and restrained 
 power ot the light that lends a bright glow 
 to the mldnig"n Iselt. After long time Moses, 
 with his ketn Intellect, his sfnse of power 
 o^er men, his ircn will, his ambition to rule 
 and shape events and his fellows. Is spoken 
 ot as thi meekest of men because he had 
 learned self control. We can never fully 
 write the story of what has been wrought In 
 this school jf exile and solitude. Strange that 
 Moses was exiled in the desert for forty 
 years; that Dante was exiled from France 
 that he may write his 'Paradiso'; that the 
 father of astronomy was sent in the desert 
 tor a score of years that in solitude he might 
 search out the secret ot the stars. Going 
 apart, Paul in the deeert of Arabia nourished 
 his soul and grew great. Keeping his flocks, 
 the years came and went, Moses matured one 
 plan after another, and, lo, his plans fell 
 like the autumn leaves, until forty summers 
 and winters had ewept over the earth. The 
 Persian legend tells us that God was teach- 
 ing the man patience. When Moses did not 
 understand a strange companion joined him- 
 self to the Hebrew and took him upon a Jour- 
 ney. By the sea.'-hnre they r.aw a poor man's 
 boat, and the angel broke a hole in the craft 
 anl passed on. Entering a city they saw an 
 orphan boy digging in his father's garden, 
 and the angel that night ruthlessly broke 
 down the wall about the garden. They saw 
 a father watching beside his sleeping son, 
 and while the father slept the angel slew 
 that son. Then Moses was stirred with in- 
 dignation. Afterward this visitor reappeared 
 to the Hebrew shepherd and said: 'You can 
 work, but know not how to wait. A strong 
 mon was seizing boats for his campaign and, 
 knowing that the fisherman could in an hour 
 repair the hole I made in his craft. I in- 
 jured it for an hour that the poor man might 
 keep his craft for years. That orphan boy 
 was digging In thj garden for his dead fath- 
 er's hidden t-easure. He was a righteous 
 youth and I brtke the wall down that I might 
 expose the treasure hiddeii there. That fath- 
 er \vh3 loved his son was beseeching God for 
 his son's moral recovery, but the boy's pure 
 spirit wns enmeshed in a diseased body and 
 I freed his soul frcm his fleshly fetters that 
 he might rise u.nto nobler .spiritual heights.' 
 It was In this schcol that God placed Moses 
 and there he learned his sublime patience, 
 self restraint, his courage, his magnanimltj 
 and developed those reserves that made him 
 equal to any emergency — the school of re- 
 sponsibility. 
 
 Responsibility as a Teacher. 
 
 "Another teacher was temptation and re- 
 sponsibility. Like all our great men he 
 learned strength by burden bearing. The 
 youth was thrown upon his own responsibility 
 and left to work out his own salvation. The 
 true education is that which man gves him- 
 Sfcil; not that which is done tor us, but that 
 which we do for ourselves strengthens. When 
 God took down the protecting hedges aud 
 allowed the full force of temptation to come 
 In upon Adam and Eve He indicated the 
 method of disciplining and culturlng charac- 
 ter. Would a man know how to ruin his 
 son let him surround toe youth with constant 
 hedges and barriers named 'Thou shall not 
 do this and thou shalt not do that.' until 
 
 whence came his help. God became all. and! the youth is one and twenty, and then once 
 
 all in all. The seur.e of God's presence lent 
 unity to his life. The consciousness of God 
 dwelt in his plans, in laws and in institu- 
 tions; as warmth and color dwell in the sun- 
 in the fruit; as 
 
 the restraints are removed and the boy will 
 go straight over the precipice. Children are 
 over-governed and ruined, clerks are over- 
 governed and enfeebled, cities and nations are 
 over-cared for and made feeble. When Genoa 
 
THE MC KIXLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 4? 
 
 Buffered with the plague her ruler Imposed 
 laws and searched every boat that entered 
 her harbor, and purified every package ot 
 goods, and cleansed every sailor, and the city 
 was swept with the plague. Grown wiser, the 
 rulers decided to take oft all restrictions as 
 to incoming ships, and begin with the city 
 itself. They cleansed the streets; they pu- 
 rified their wells; they drained their yards; 
 they made the town a center ol wholesome- 
 ness and health, strong in their bodies within 
 they easily resisted the weak germs that came 
 from without. The city learned the secret 
 of health and self preservation, and in those 
 forty years of responsibility, isolation and 
 toil, God made Moses master ot himself. 
 Moses learned how to keep the city ot his own 
 soul, mastered the laws of health for him- 
 self, and so worked out the laws of hygiene 
 for his owu people. For his own family and 
 his shepherds he wrought out and tested the 
 laws of a miniature state: laws economic, 
 laws domestic, laws political, laws moral and 
 spiritual. This long experience made it the 
 easier to apply his principles and laws to the 
 millions, having tested them with the hun- 
 dreds. 
 
 Trouble as a Teacher. 
 "God sent the angel of sorrow as an In- 
 structor. Of Moses, if of any man, we may 
 say that all the waves and billows passed 
 over him. He was as unique In his adversity 
 as In his early prosperity. He exchanged 
 the palace for a cave In the desert. Having 
 been master, he became himself as a serv- 
 ant. Pampered In the palace, he was com- 
 pelled to endure the rigors ot winter in the 
 desert. He knew ingratitude, and the 
 treachery of friends. He knew remorse, 
 and the poison ot his own sin. He WTestled 
 with death, and wept above the graves that 
 he digged in the desert. He was defeated 
 at the last and died, never having seen the 
 promised land. The forerunner of our mar- 
 tyred Lincoln and McKinley, who labored 
 while others enter into their labors. Ah, 
 trouble and disappointment have a strange 
 minister! They do for the soul what 
 drought does for the soil. Bewildered, the 
 farmers of Missouri and Kansas, have this 
 summer been searching for the secret of 
 that fierce heat that dried up their rivers 
 and streams, shriveled the apples into 
 leather as they hung upon the boughs, left 
 the meadows and pastures black and bare. 
 But the scientists have noted the weaken- 
 ing effect upon the cells of the earth -that 
 comes from long continued moisture. In 
 order to fruit and harvest it is necessary, 
 every few years, that the sun expel all 
 moisture from the cells, search out the 
 weakend atoms, re-energize the soil, and 
 restore the exhausted energies. And when 
 the sunbeams, more powerful than the elec- 
 trical current, have wrought out their 
 healing minister, the rains return to bless 
 the fields, and toll of future harvests. God's 
 world is one world. The angel of trouble 
 comes hearing gifts from God, only seems 
 to take them away. Whom the Lord loves 
 He chastens. Just here we remember the 
 early adversity of our beloved President. 
 The rude winds that assailed his frail 
 h,irni'<' His davs of iinvorty. his nights on 
 the picket line, the struggles of the young 
 attorney, the little graves that he digged 
 In God's acre, the long years of Invalidism 
 for one who was the center and soul of hig 
 home, the misrepresentations of journal- 
 ists who would misunderstand him, tho 
 maligning of his motives, tho enmity of 
 former friends. Verily, he walked through 
 the fires. He, too. knew the Via Dolorosa. 
 But one walked with him whose form was 
 like the Son of God. He was made perfect 
 through suffering, like his Master before 
 him. 
 
 His 'Work Immortal. 
 
 "Taught by these life teachers, in God's 
 school, at last Moses stood forth crowned 
 v.lth bis supreme manhood. After years 
 many and full of trouble, after wanderings 
 lar. at length the hero brought the pil- 
 grl.m host into the borders of the promised 
 land. But others saw that which he desired 
 
 to behold. It was not given him to enter in- 
 to the fruitage of his labor. His hand had 
 sown, others reaped the harvest of happiness. 
 His hand had planted; another generation 
 sat under the vine and fig tree. Do you say 
 that his life was a failure? That events were 
 cruel In not allowing him to live in quie- 
 tude and receive the plaudits of his people, 
 and in a quiet old age enjoy to the full his 
 honors? There is a cruelty that is kindness. 
 Did not that cup of hemlock evoke the pity 
 and love of the world for Pwrates? If Savon- 
 arola could return would he not give special 
 gratitude for that fire kindled In the market 
 place that flashed his name and work over 
 all the world? Did not that bullet lend Lin- 
 coln added power and influence and make 
 his speed on? And now if the assassin's blow 
 has again brought sorrow and shame to us, 
 as a people, can we not Bee that for many 
 days, in the providence of God, It lifted up 
 the face of our beloved President before all 
 nations, caused them to see what manner of 
 man he was. made innumerable youth linger 
 over hia character and career, and placed 
 him among the Immortals whose influence 
 will never pass away. His work is not dead. 
 It Is not necessary that patriot or parent 
 or teacher should harvest his sowing. All 
 truth is immortal. Good work survives. 
 The right example lives and like a torch is 
 passed from hand to hand. That which 
 Moses did not see here he has seen from the 
 heights beyond, and God has given him the 
 reward for all his labors. 
 
 REV. DR. E. E. CHiVERS. 
 
 There was a large audience In the Sixth 
 Avenue Baptist Church. Special music was 
 furnished and the Shaw University Singers 
 gave several selections. The pastor, the Rev. 
 Dr. E. E. Chivers, preached from Luke Yil;5: 
 "He is worthy." He said: 
 
 "The verdict of the American people upon 
 the life and character ot William McKinley 
 was writ large in the universal sorrow and 
 the tender demonstrations of that sorrow 
 which have marked the past week America 
 was not alone in her mourning and her trib- 
 ute. All round the world there flowed a 
 deep, strong current of sympathy. The spec- 
 tacle upon which the sun of Thursday shone 
 was one that scarce has parallel, if at all, 
 in the world's history. 
 
 "The name of our late President adds an- 
 other to the illustrious roll of those who in 
 this land have risen to highest prominence 
 and renown by sterling quality of manhood 
 and character. 'America is another name 
 for opportunity.* He seized opportunity, 
 filled out the measure of it and realized its 
 rewards. There came to him by inheritance 
 certain basal qualities that make for suc- 
 cess. He came upon the stage of action at 
 a time ot crisis in the nation's history. It 
 was a time for the making ot stalwart men. 
 He responded to the call and influences of 
 the hour. In every position which he occu- 
 pied he showed vision, judgment, alertness, 
 energy, fidelity, and each post of duty be- 
 came a stepping stone to advancement. His 
 advance to highest place was secured, not by 
 the trick of tho demagogue or by question- 
 able methods, but by sterling worth and 
 commanding energy. Arid he bore his honors 
 as modestly and worthily as he had won 
 them honorably. It is not too much to say 
 that never has occupant of the White House 
 discharged the varied functions of his high 
 oflico with more dignity, grace and fldelily, 
 or with more honor in the eyes of the na- 
 tionB, than did President McKinley. 
 
 "No one whoso Judgment is not warped 
 by prejudice can follow his career without 
 recognizing In him a well disciplined mind, 
 the habit ot careful investigation, the pa- 
 tient mastery of facts, sagacity in Judgment, 
 sensitiveness to currents ot thought and feel- 
 ing, prudence in initiative, wisdom in the 
 adaptation ot means to end and high pur- 
 pose. His administration will stand out In 
 the clear light of history as a record of 
 worthy achievement, for which the world 
 will hold him In honor. The diplomatic tri- 
 umphs ot that admialstratiOD have given 
 
 to the United States a new place In the 
 councils of the nations, and fitly crowned 
 the insight, the sagacity, the statesmanship 
 which, at home, fused factional elements Into 
 unity, quickened In the nation at large the 
 consciousness ot a common lite, and kindled 
 Into new glow the flres ot patriotism. The 
 biting criticisms ot the man and his work 
 have in them a side ot commendation, and 
 when the buzzing ot those who made them 
 has long been silenced and forgotten his nams 
 will live as that of a great President, who 
 always sought his nation's weal and who 
 led her to highest honor. 
 
 "Tribute Is due to the worthy character 
 of the man as well as to his achievement. 
 Character overtops and outlasts achieve- 
 ment; character gives to achievement its 
 moral value. The man who leaves his name 
 most deeply graven upon his day and genera- 
 lion, and who abides in Immortality of fame. 
 Is the man of lotty character. The demon- 
 stration of sorrow made during the past 
 week was not a state ceremonial or a thing 
 of prescription; It was a spontaneous ex- 
 pression of esteem tor a man who was as 
 truly good as he was great. His character 
 was striking not simply for this or that spe- 
 cial excellence, but for its harmonious 
 blending ot many excellencies. It stands 
 out In bold relief as a rounded, symmetrical 
 orb. It may be that by reason ot its sym- 
 metry and balance we have failed to appre- 
 ciate it at its full value. We cannot take in 
 an orb at one glance. Things that are true, 
 pure, honest, just, lovely and of good re- 
 port were found In him in rare measure and 
 combined excellence. No stain of dishonor 
 rests upon his name. Honesty and integrity 
 In business, scrupluous regard for obligation, 
 jealous guarding ot name and reputation 
 were characteristic of the man. With this 
 strength of fiber was blended the grace of 
 gentleness. His home life was almost ideal 
 In its tenderness. This people will not soon 
 forget the watchful, patient, thoughtful 
 ministry of love to an Invalid wife. 
 
 "His farewell words, taken together, fur- 
 nish Illustration and revelation of the char- 
 acter of the man. '.My wife; be careful about 
 her: don't let her know." This was the word 
 ot the loving husband. 'Let no one hurt 
 him.' This was the word of tho law-abiding 
 citizen, who would protect his assailant 
 from mob violence, and the plea ot tho 
 wronged one who, like his Master, harbored 
 no hate. 'I am sorry to have been a cause 
 ot trouble to the exposition.' This was the 
 word of the gentleman, considerate of others. 
 'Goodby, all, goodby. It Is God's way. His 
 will be done, not ours.' This was the voice 
 ot the Christian. Inspired by faith In God and 
 by reverent submission to his will. Add to 
 these the words of song, which have now 
 taken on an added sacredness. 'Nearer, my 
 God, to Thee,' and in them all you have the 
 revelation of the greatness, the goodness, 
 the strength, the simplicity, the lovableness, 
 the faith of the man. He was worthy. 
 
 "The manner ot his taking off Is the cle- 
 ment ot bitterness In our cup. We are 
 brought face to fsce v;!th the fact that In 
 the cities of our land there are bands o. 
 anarchists, atheistic, lawless, the sworn foes 
 of law and order. To them there is no au- 
 thority higher than that ot the individual. 
 The fundamental laws ot society are to them 
 intolerable oppression. Meeting In saloons 
 or saloon attachments, they fan incendiary 
 passions and hatch murderous purposes. We 
 have dealt with them hitherto upon the 
 theory that It is better to let them think 
 aloud than to sap the foundations of things 
 in secret. Must we give full license to men 
 who avowedly array themselves against all 
 social order, and openly advocate the use of 
 dynamite and pistol and fire? Wisdom must 
 Indeed be exercised in the framing ot re- 
 pressive measures, and true liberty guarded, 
 but Is it not time that drastic measures of 
 some kind bo Initiated? Tho avowed expon- 
 ents ot anarchy are not tho only agents at 
 work in fomenting the spirit whose final ex- 
 pression Is anarchy and violence. There are 
 journals claiming to be reputable which by 
 their constant appeals to prejudice and pas- 
 sion and their defamation of public men are 
 sil-rlng the spirit of lawlessness. And If 
 against the anarchist himself there should 
 be repressive measures. Is It not time for ii% 
 outraged sense ot propriety to wltbdr»w Kill 
 
48 
 
 THE MO KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 support from an Incendiary journalism. Vig- 
 orous discussion of public measures, in 
 wliich blows are squarely given and taken, 
 is one thing; scurrilous defamation of pub- 
 lic men is another. The one is a condition 
 of life and progress in a free republic; the 
 other tends to beget contempt for all au- 
 thority. There is already far too wide- 
 spread a disposition in our land to treat au- 
 thority lightly and spurn control. Witness 
 the titter lawlessness of the saloon power. 
 And where law is enforced there is too often 
 an unjust discrimination in the enforce- 
 ment of it. The present is a time for the 
 quickening of the public conscience and for 
 a renewed proclamation of the gospel of 
 righteousness. Out of her baptism of sorrow 
 the nation should rise with chastened heart 
 and higher aspiration In the faith which be- 
 lieves that to-morrow will be better than 
 to-day." 
 
 REV. DR. LINDSAY PARKER. 
 
 A congregation which filled the church 
 passed through the draped doors of St. 
 Peter's yesterday morning to attend the 
 11 o'clock service, which was in mem- 
 ory of President McKinley. The service 
 opened with the processional, "Hark, Hark, 
 My Lord." The service consisted sim- 
 ply of the litany. The hymns sung were, 
 "Lead, Kindly Light" before the sermon, 
 and immediately at its close "Nearer, My 
 God, to Thee." After the singing of this 
 hymn special prayers were offered for the 
 country, the widow of President McKinley, 
 and for President Roosevelt. A most Im- 
 pressive and affecting feature of the service 
 was the rendering of the "Dead March" from 
 "Saul," on the organ, by Professor Eskuche. 
 The service closed v/ith the recessional, "O. 
 God, Our Help in Ages." The doors of the 
 church and parish building were appropri- 
 ately draped; also the chancel, lectern and 
 pulpit. 
 
 The rector, the Rev. Dr. Lindsay Parker, 
 preached a memorial sermon, his subject be- 
 ing "William McKinley— a Man God-Fearlng 
 and Faithful." The text was chosen from 
 Nehemlah vli:2: "He was a faithful man 
 and feared God." Dr. Parker said in the 
 course of his sermon: 
 
 "I can think of no more fitting words than 
 these, my brethren, in which to describe the 
 character and sum up the record of William 
 McKinlev. 'William McKinley.' I speak the 
 name without any title of ofilcial dignity or 
 station. He was not the ruler of the Amer- 
 ican people; he was their servant. Twice 
 chief magistrate of our republic, he held 
 his greirt office by no hereditary right, a 
 plain man from among the common people 
 of the land he loved, he was the nation's 
 choice once and again to preside over its 
 vast Interests and shape its splendid destiny. 
 "WnJ'- matching such thought and speech 
 concerning the man whose memory we honor 
 to-day are these simple words which I have 
 given you as my text. Here is no pompous 
 phrasing of human hero worship, no eulo- 
 gistic embellishment, no flourish of the ex- 
 travagance of street or rostrum— just these 
 plain, true words, setting forth the assured 
 and deliberate judgment of those who would 
 do him highest honor. 'He was a faithful 
 mau and feared God.' Less than this we 
 cannot say of him; what more can be de- 
 sired in the tribute, the nation's tribute, 
 the tribute of all nations, to the memory 
 of our martyred President, than this simple, 
 thankful recognition of what he was In his 
 character, life and work— a faithful. God- 
 fearing man? And let us say it here -with 
 the emphasis of deep conviction— a faithful, 
 because a God-fearing man. 
 
 "You cannot account for this man. you 
 cannot rightly estimate his character, you 
 cannot judge of his lite and work without 
 first of all Recognizing the fact that he 
 'feared God.' Let us keep this in mind as we 
 think of him from the time when he first 
 
 of duty by the dastard hand of the assassin. 
 There is nothing to cause a moment's hesi- 
 tation in the Judgment of any fair-minded 
 man as to William McKinley's sincere and 
 constant desire and aim to please and serve 
 his Grod. 
 
 "So, as I speak to you from this Christian 
 pulpit of William McKinley, I claim from 
 you the tribute of sincere respect and admir- 
 ation for him as a man who feared God and 
 was faithful to his beliefs, convictions and 
 principles, as a professing Christian. Now 
 it is at once Instructive and inspiring to note 
 that the distinctive characteristic of this 
 God-fearing man— as he appeared in the pu'o- 
 lic eye— was his life-long and enthusiastic 
 patriotism 'patriotism which,' as one of 
 our leading journals has it. 'posterity may 
 deem to have been as consistent as Lincoln's 
 an* as sublime as Washington's.' To some, 
 possibly, this may now seem to savor of ex- 
 aggeration, they stand too near the man to 
 have the right perspective. 
 
 "There were men, aye. many of them, in 
 Washington's day, men of his own way of 
 thinking, too, who doubted and belittled him. 
 Lincoln's great heart was well nigh broken 
 by suspicion and detraction ere Booth's 
 bullet stilled its beating. Yet to-day these 
 are our greatest names, held in loving admir- 
 ation and reverence by the mighty Republic 
 which they helped to make. Men and breth- 
 ren I dare to say that the day is coming 
 when the American people will place the 
 name of McKinley side by side with the 
 names of Washington and Lincoln! 
 
 "I challenge any man to show spot, or flaw 
 or failure In his patriotism from the day 
 when, a mere lad. he joined Company E, 
 Twenty-third Ohio Volunteers, to flght un- 
 der his country's flag in the supreme cjisis 
 of the Republic's history, down to the hour 
 when he stood before a great multitude of 
 his fellow citizens to utter his last public 
 words as the President who had given to his 
 beloved America — and ours— her rightful 
 place among the great nations of the earth. 
 Patriotism, yes. consistent, unfailing, un- 
 flinching patriotism, as soldier, statesman, 
 governor, chief magistrate. 
 
 "As soldier of the Union he leaped forth 
 at his country's call to give his life for the 
 flag he loved. In the political arena he bore 
 himself ever as a man of one idea and aim, 
 the nation's welfare, as he saw it. this first, 
 last and all the time. The same high spirit 
 ruled him as the people's choice for governor 
 of his native state. And then at last, when 
 by the will of Almighty God. the vote of the 
 American people put him In the chair of 
 Washington and Lincoln, ah! it was then 
 that he proved himself to be Indeed right 
 royally partaker of their spirit, possessed by 
 the same superb and splendid patriotism, 
 high heaven's chosen instrument to inaugu- 
 rate for this Republic a career of expansion 
 and achievement, 'such as.' to quote from the 
 pen of an English writer, 'Washington or 
 Lincoln never dreamed of.' 
 
 "Believing, as I truly do, that the God of 
 Nations has been behind and In this great 
 expansion idea and movement, I cannot but 
 believe and feel that William McKinley was 
 Indeed the Divinely ordained instrument to 
 bring it to pass. Aye, and I doubt not that 
 he himself with a strength of conviction by 
 no means inconsistent with protoundest hu- 
 mility realizes this and, as the servant of the 
 Most High, loyally and heroically rose to 
 the great occasion and did the work assigned 
 to him faithfully and in the fear of God, 
 seeking at once the divine glory and the 
 power and glory of America, as she advanced 
 to take her destined place in the vanguard 
 of the nations. 
 
 "Lincoln strode to the front in the tre- 
 mendous crisis which made him the man of 
 destiny for the threatened and imperilled 
 Union. Do you appose the nation's leader and 
 hero was blind to the hand that beckoned 
 him to his place at its head? Even so Mc- 
 Kinley rose to his appointed place and faced 
 his mighty task, feeling himself— I do verily 
 believe it— a man called and sent of God, the 
 man of destiny in his day to lead the great 
 republic of the West as it entered upon its 
 glorious forward movement for God and for 
 humanity. 
 
 "And just as to-day we see the figure of 
 Washington thrown out In bold relief by the 
 
 appears before the public eye. down to that „ — 
 
 UBt tragic moment, when he fell at the post great historic scenes of the revolution of the 
 
 American colonies — just as the name of 
 Lincoln will ever be linked with the titanic 
 and terrible strife of the Civil War and owe 
 its greatness and its luster to the crisis which 
 made him what he was; so, in the coming 
 time the Spanish War, what led to it, what 
 has followed and is yet to follow it, will be 
 the historic setting tor the name which now 
 we speak with the reverence of love and a 
 growing, a prophetic sense of its coming 
 greatness — the name of William McKinley, 
 last and not least of the immortal triumvi- 
 rate of the makers of America. 
 
 "Let me pass on to speak for a moment 
 now of this man's hold upon the hearts of 
 his countrymen. This was unmistakable. 
 There never was a President, with the single 
 exception of Abraham Lincoln, who was as 
 near and dear to the popular heart as Will- 
 iam McKinley. Lincoln, of course, was, in a 
 sense, a man apart. He stood in his lot and 
 did his work in tragic times. He, too, was 
 a man of the people, and the beating of his 
 mighty heart was felt against the heart of 
 every lover of the Union in the dark day of 
 its peril. His sad face was to the people 
 the face of a fellow sufferer in the nation's 
 travail and shame. His tender mercy and 
 great compassion, again and again disclosed 
 during the war, made his name a household 
 word of love throughout the land. His tragic ■ 
 death, a martyr to the sacred cause of the 
 Union he brought to pass, and the freedom 
 he won for the enslaved and oppressed, has 
 made his memory a sacred legacy which the 
 American people will treasure as long as they 
 cheer the Stars and Stripes. 
 
 "But next to Lincoln comes McKinley. He 
 was beloved while he lived; more and more 
 was he endearing himself to the people as 
 they came to know him, his simplicity, his 
 sincerity, his patriotism, his own deep, 
 strong love tor the people, the unstained 
 purity of his character in private life, his 
 stanch loyalty to his friends, his unselfish- 
 ness, his chivalrous and beautiful tenderness 
 toward the frail and sickly wife who so trust- 
 fully clung to him and loved him — all, all 
 contributed to make William McKinley a 
 man 'greatly beloved.' 
 
 "That he was universally respected and 
 honored needs not be said In the hearing of 
 any American to-day. By friend and toe 
 alike- if he had a foe— he was believed in as 
 a man of noble Christian character, of incor- 
 ruptible Integrity, of lofty Ideals. 
 
 "This was true at home and abroad. I have 
 but just come from among our kinsmen over 
 the border, up yonder in the maritime prov- 
 ince of New Brunswick, and I tell you. fel- 
 low citizens, my heart swelled with thankful- 
 ness and pride at the universal tribute paid 
 to our President's moral worth and personal 
 character by the subjects of King Edward. 
 The newspapers, too, with one accord, paid 
 homage to his character as a man and his 
 record as President. 
 
 "So we rejoice to find it at home. Men of 
 all parties unite to do him honor; our public 
 prints of whatever political creed or bias do 
 themselves credit by their recognition of the 
 fine quality of the man, the purity of his 
 motives and the faithfulness of his endeavor 
 to do what he believed to be his duty. Yes, 
 all this is true. But I am speaking now of a 
 more Intimate and tender feeling than respect 
 or admiration. William McKinley. I say. won 
 the hearts of the people. One and all had for 
 him the kindliest feeling, the truest good 
 will and affection. 
 
 "What did this mean? And what Is the sig- 
 nificance of the wonderful outpouring of love 
 in the tribute paid to his memory now that 
 he has been taken from us? Ah. my friends, 
 does It not simply go to show that, after 
 all. it is goodness that tells? This was a 
 good man; a man whose character was sound, 
 whose life was pure, whose religion was a 
 reality; above all. a man who loved his fellow 
 men. Aye, this Is Indeed 'above all.' William 
 McKinley had caught the spirit of the Great 
 Lover of mankind. The people might have 
 believed in him, admired him. trusted him 
 as a man of high character, blameless in lite, 
 righteous In all his ways, but he would never 
 have won their heart.?: they would never have 
 given him tbeir love as they have done if 
 he had not shown them his great heart and 
 given them Its best love In life long devo- 
 tion, in unwavering self-sacrifice. In patient, 
 unwearving service for the common weal. Tt 
 Is the spirit of Jesus Christ that wins human 
 hearts, and so wins Its way In beautUyins 
 
THiP MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 49 
 
 human character and glorifying human life. 
 
 "O, brother men, I commend to you this 
 kind of Christianity — Christ's kind, the Icind 
 that the world wants and is waiting for; the 
 kind that thinks of others, that loves and 
 sacrifices and serves. The kind that Will- 
 lam McKinley possessed, and professed, and 
 lived — the only kind that wins hearts to the 
 spell and inspiration of the 'love divine, all 
 love excelling'; the only kind that wins lives 
 to the glad obedience of Him who loved us 
 and gave Himself for us. 
 
 ".\nd now let me speak to you for a mo- 
 ment of yet one more note of this man's 
 Christian character which is altogether ad- 
 mirable and e.xemplary. I refer to Mr. .Mc- 
 Kinley's chivalrous and beautiful devotion 
 to his wife. It appealed to and impressed 
 the whole nation. It touched all hearts. 
 The eyes of the people all over the land 
 turned toward the White House as the scene 
 of patient, self-forgetful and most tender 
 service lovingly given by a brave man, him- 
 self bearing the heaviest of burdens, to a 
 weak and sickly woman. In the relation of 
 the President to his wife all who had eyes 
 to see beheld the holy estate of marriage 
 adorned and beautified in a way that moat 
 Impressively and affectingly illustrated the 
 sacredness of a bond too often dishonored 
 among us. It is not too much to say that 
 the home life of America, north, south, east 
 ■md west, has been purified, sweetened hal- 
 lowed hy the influence of the home which 
 our Chief Magistrate made home Indeed, 
 "home, sweet home," by his loyal love for 
 his poor, ailing wife. Ever his heart's dear- 
 est, she was ever first in his thoughts. 
 
 "My brethren, we need in this dark and 
 troublous time to pray for the faith that 
 sustained our sainted martyr at the last. 
 O, good Lord, our God. help us to say, be- 
 lieving it, feeling it, resting in it. as he did. 
 'It is God's way His will be done.' God's 
 way! That the dastard deed of that unknown, 
 unhappy wretch should rob the nation of its 
 most honored and most precious life! God's 
 way that there should be in our midst — here 
 In this land of asylum and liberty — creatures 
 so inhuman, so fiendish as to plot in dark 
 conspiracy and deliberately plan the murder 
 of the noblest, kindest, gentlest of men — the 
 dearly beloved! God's way that the forces 
 of evil and mischief should triumph over law 
 and order, and public confidence and peaceful 
 progress, and plunge a great tyranny-hating, 
 freedom-loving people into bewildered dark- 
 ness and sorrow and shame! Ah! Lord God. 
 it this be Thy way, then truly what Thou 
 doest we know not now. Have pity on our ig- 
 norance we beseech Thee: help our unbelief. 
 "We pray for somewhat of the spirit of 
 Thy servant, whom Thou hast taken away 
 from his high place in our nation, though 
 not from his honored place before our eyes 
 as an example: not from his place in our 
 hearts as one whom we loved while he was 
 with us, and will lovingly remember now 
 that he Is gone. Fain would we say his pray- 
 er. 0! for the faith and feeling 'which will 
 make it the true prayer of our sad hearts 
 to-day, 
 
 Nearer. My God. to Thoe. 
 Nearer to Thee." 
 
 REV. DR. H. P. DEWEY. 
 
 REV. DB. FREDERICK BXIBGESS. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Frederick Burgess, rector of 
 Grace Church on the Heights, who returned 
 from his vacation last week, resumed his 
 ministrations yesterday and at morning ser- 
 vice preached from the words of the Lord's ' 
 Prayer, "Thy kingdom come. Thy will be j 
 done." In referring to the assassination of | 
 President McKinley Dr. Burgess said that ' 
 anarchy is the twin brother of agnosticism ' 
 and he questioned whether legislative meas- 1 
 ures simply for its repression or eradication ! 
 could be made sufHclently effective to control i 
 the restless and dissatisfied spirits likely to 
 be influenced by the recklessness which irre- [ 
 ligion inspires. In his view, the greater 
 spread of religious teaching, especially 
 among children, would be more likely to 
 piove corrective and uplifting of Individual 
 impulse and character and would root -out 
 the civil tendencies which agnosticism en- 
 genders and from which anarchy receives lis 
 inception. To the end which Dr. Burgess 
 had in mind, he thought that religious in- 
 Btructlon In the schools would lend consid- ; 
 erable assistance. 
 
 Dr. H. P. Dewey, pastor of the Church of 
 the Pilgrims. Henry and Remsen streets, was 
 in his pulpit yesterday for the first time 
 since vacation. He had a large congregation 
 in the morning, when he preached on "Stew- 
 ards of the Mysteries." He took his text 
 from I Corinthians iv:l: "Let a man so ac- 
 count of us. as of the ministers of Christ, 
 and stewards of the mysteries of God." Dr. 
 Dewey spoke as follows: 
 
 "Mystery invests all things. We meet it 
 at every turn. Our horizon at the farthest 
 is not distinct and it ever fades into mist, 
 and all around lies the vast unknown. In- 
 deed, the increase of knowledge seems to 
 be attended by a deepening sense of the 
 mysteriousness of things. And the more we 
 know the more we wonder. Nature marshals 
 her elements into various forms and shows 
 something of her laws and processes, but 
 the real secret at the heart of nature, what 
 matter really Is. she does not disclose. The 
 inventor discovers that a ship may be spoken 
 to at sea, through and by a message that 
 speeds on a very unsubstantial pathway. 
 He discovers that a current may be dis- 
 charged through the water as a conductor to 
 two bell buoys, twelve miles distant in dif- 
 ferent directions, and that the mariner hear- 
 ing sounds by process of triangulation may 
 determine where he is. And It may be that 
 ere long we shall not only be able to speak 
 with our friends a thousand miles distant, 
 but that we shall have a picture before us 
 of the scene which is being enacted at the 
 other side of the wire. 
 
 "Yet, though electricity affords us benign 
 privileges for our convenience and comfort 
 we are not told what electricity itself really 
 is. When we pass from the realm of na- 
 ture to the realm of man the wonderment 
 is only increased. 'Know thyself was the 
 dictum of the ancient philosopher, but he 
 counseled us to a study which haa no end. 
 Herbert Spencer tells us what life is. The 
 moral and mental psychologists give us some 
 description of our spiritual machinery. But, 
 notwithstanding this fuller knowledge, we 
 are frequently made to marvel, and to say 
 with awe and trembling: 'Lo. I am fearfully 
 and wonderfully made.' Behind all phe- 
 nomena we apprehend as the background of 
 every mystery the Supreme Intelligence. We 
 see His footprints, but- He Himself eludes 
 us. We are sensible of His ner.rness, yet 
 we do not see His face. He covers Himself 
 with light as with a garment, and His very 
 brightness is a hiding of His power. 
 
 "This mystery of God is presented to us 
 all. The little child apprehends it and asks 
 questions whic*! the philosopher cannot an- 
 swer. The child questioning, asks: 'When 
 was God born?' 'Who were His father and 
 mother?' 'How can He see things before 
 they happen?" 'How can He be here and 
 there at the same time?' It is a metaphys- 
 ical mystery which confounds the juvenile 
 mind. .A.nd by and by the question takes 
 a different direction, and as men pass into 
 the deeper experiences of life they ask not 
 so much about God's being, but about His 
 character. 'Toll me thy name,' said Jacob, 
 as he wrestled with the mighty one. We 
 ■want to know that there is a wideness in 
 God's mercy like the wideness of the sea. 
 Like Philip of old amid the reverses and 
 perplexities of life we say, 'Show us the 
 Father, anil it iJUfTiceth us.' Thus, the mys- 
 tery Is fraught with personal import. Xo 
 one can escape It. We do wrong, and the 
 mystery sooms big and black, and con- 
 science will not let us rest until we hear 
 a voice out of the clouds saying: 'Thy sins 
 bo forgiven thee.' Wo meet reverses and 
 llfo seems a disappointment. The only bal- 
 ance of compensation is in the fart that the 
 times are in His hands. Who orders our ex- 
 perience with a far seeing eye of wisdom. 
 What Is it that throws light into the tragic 
 experience of the past few weeks, that 
 makes this robing of black, but a passing 
 badge of grief? Is It that we are already 
 beginning to see beneficial results from tho 
 experience? That we are Inspired to better 
 living by the noble character of the dead 7 
 
 I That we are constrained to put a higher 
 i value upon the best things, upon chivalrous 
 love, stainless integrity and unsullied pur- 
 ity? That we are resolved as never before 
 I to institute respect for law and order? That 
 in our sorrow is a kind of fire which is 
 burning up the dross in us? And that, rev- 
 erently speaking, by tho stripes of the dead 
 President we are helped? This is a gain 
 unmistakable. And yet. after all. It were 
 no gain, could we not say with the striciten 
 Chief: 'It is God's way.' Yes, God's way, 
 and through storm and cloud, through 
 man's obedience and man's rebellion goes 
 marching on just the same. We stand at 
 the grave, surrender our dead, try to console 
 ourselves with hopes of immortality, and 
 come away with a sickening fear. Ah, the 
 question of the future is not to be an- 
 swered by any secondary arguments of ex- 
 istence after death. The question of im- 
 mortality is fundamentally the question of 
 God. Is He a moral God? Does He rule in 
 a moral existence? Is He a Father of 
 man? Then, He has not given up dearest 
 affections only to blight them, and our grasp 
 on Him win keep our hold on those we 
 love. 
 
 "To some this mystery brings confusion 
 and bitterness. To some it comes as an in- 
 vitation to investigation and search, and 
 they pry into the mystery. They do 
 not dispel it. But they gain confidence. 
 The genuine Christian man is less 
 positive and dogmatic as his experience 
 unfolds. His creed shortens. He does not 
 believe less. He believes more. He knows 
 that it is at the foot of the Cross that one 
 finds peace. He has lost his geography of 
 heaven, but he tastes the powers of endless 
 life. The mystery has grown the profounder, 
 but the reality has become the surer. His 
 certitude has not come by merely intellectual 
 processes. It is the distinctive nature of 
 Christianity that it shifts the basis of cer- 
 tainty from the Intellectual to the moral and 
 spiritual, from the reason to the conscience 
 and will, 'My sheep hearmy voice, "said Jesus. 
 The pure In heart eee God. 'The secret of the 
 world is with them that fear me.' Nature is 
 a revelation to those who commune with her. 
 Music is a revelation to those who obey mu- 
 sical laws. And yet we wonder why God 
 seems strange and vague. But one day you 
 surrendered yourself without reserve and the 
 clouds broke and you eaw the eternal bloom, 
 the secret of the Lord was yours. 
 
 "Now we are stewards of this mystery of 
 God. The Bible Is not the trustee of the 
 faith. The church as an institution is not. 
 Ye are the light. Ye are the witnesses. The 
 written page must be confirmed by the living 
 persons. If the church is to be the beacon 
 light, it must burn and shine with the fidelity 
 of its supporters. Life is light. Is It pos- 
 sible that we have accepted the stewardship 
 and have received only the mystery, and not 
 also the reality? Have we been silent because 
 we did not have belief? Was there a hollow 
 ring in our comfort because we ourselves 
 were not at peace? Did we timidly point 
 along the way, because we ourselves were 
 not sure? Blind leaders of the blind, and 
 both consigned to the ditch! 
 
 "Oh. what we need is a deeper personal 
 experience and more thorough rightness of 
 life, more preference for obedience, that we 
 may believe by having realities, which w« 
 cannot doubt, the interior witness of the 
 soul. If this is our position, then our stew- 
 ardship has had exercise which will make 
 the reality more and more real. Then, if we 
 strike the shackles away from a sin bound 
 soul we shall have assurance of our owu 
 forgiveness. If we heal another's wounds 
 our own heart will gain in peace. If we 
 point another out the shining way that leads 
 into eternity the stars we see In the night 
 of our own troubles will be pledge of tho 
 day. We must believe that better, because 
 all along the way President McKinley was 
 such an exemplar of unselfish service, that 
 his faitli never lost its simplicity and In his 
 dying hour became the very substance of 
 things hoped for, and the evidence of things 
 not seen. It was John whose life was the 
 very expression of Interest in others who 
 could 3ay. "We know that we have passed 
 from death Into life because we loved the 
 brethren,' and who could write the supreme 
 chapter of spiritual Insight and consolation.'* 
 
80 
 
 THE MC KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 REV. DR. S. P. CADSVIAN. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. S. P. Cadman resumed his 
 Biiiistrations in the pulpit of the Central 
 Congregational Church. The capacious edifice 
 wasfiiledwithadeeply attentive congrc -ration. 
 At the close o£ the service the paator received 
 quite an ovation from his people by way ol 
 cordial welcome back from his trip over the 
 sea. He selected as his text the first five 
 verses of the third chapter of Exodus and 
 Bpoke substantially as follows, his suhlect 
 being, "Reverence for the God of Nations": 
 'The early romance of the young hero, 
 Moses, ended with his first flight from Egypt. 
 He subsided, not into the commonplace, but 
 Into the school v.-here fiery impulse is amelio- 
 rated, the school of loneliness, self knowledge, 
 meditation and fellowship with God. 
 
 "He there learned that true reforms are 
 not in the hasty blow, that men must be 
 grasped by the heart, not the throat, and that 
 all beneficent masteries are essentially moral. 
 The deep, calm, vital view emancipates; the 
 outward clamor enslaves. 
 
 "Moses had been looking on the outside of 
 things. Now he must estimate spiritual 
 forces and values. He came to the climax 
 of preparation at this mount of God, the 
 Bacred hill of Horeb, where the burning bush 
 became a sanctuary of the Most High and 
 from out of its lambent flames, as it flour- 
 ished in the fire, proceeded the command to 
 the servant of the Lord that he should bring 
 forth from ancient tyranny and wrong the 
 people whose career is the genesis of modern 
 Institutions, the tap root of Christian civili- 
 zation. 
 
 "This scripture enjoins upon all the law ol 
 reverence. The God, who to this same Moses. 
 from Sinai's thundering crest, gave the com- 
 mandments which sum up the whole duty of 
 man, here promulgates the law of the soul, 
 that altitude of spirit which is the germ of 
 worship, service and character. The sight 
 was curious, but the place could not je 
 familiar. Every appeal to man's reverence 
 redeems him from vulgarity. And Moees 
 rightly understood, he obeyed and hid his 
 face with angelic gesture, for he feared to 
 look upon God. 
 
 "The traditional interpretation of the burn- 
 ing bush tells us that it represents the per- 
 ' secuted church, expanding amid the fire of 
 worldly wrath. The church of Scotland uses 
 it as the cfiicial seal, with this meaning im- 
 plied. Does it not rather teach us that God 
 alone is essential and unsustainad existence. 
 Absolute being is in Him, who has for ever 
 existed and will exist for ever more m the 
 power of His own life. 
 
 •The eternal duration of moral and spiritual 
 forces as radiating from the One personality 
 of the divine being, is thus set forth. The 
 fiame enwrapped the desert shrub, not to de- 
 vour but to illumine. And if Moses wrote 
 the great pslam sometimes attributed to him, 
 how significant this incident in his song, 
 'Prom everlasting to everlasting thou art 
 God.' 
 
 "Reverse the symbol, and it depicts all 
 finite existence, exhausted In the lapse of 
 time Burn it never so brightly, the radi- 
 ance leaps and dies and smoulders into black- 
 ness and ashes. So the ever-living God says 
 to high and lowly: 'Return, ye children of 
 men.' . , ., 
 
 "We have felt the beating of death s sable 
 wing in every place this broad land over. The 
 strong raan was bowed; our trusted, our oe- 
 loved leader and the keepers of the house 
 did tremble. 
 
 "But we remember that He who gave bira 
 keeps him still; that which drew out of the 
 boundless I'ecp has but returned home. Pro- 
 duced by forces we could not create, he is 
 maintained forever by forces we cannot de- 
 stroy. The earthly career is clothed upon 
 With the Illuminating light of God's glory. 
 
 and over the bier where fall the tears of mil- 
 lions, we murmur, 'God alone is great,' yet in 
 His gentleness are we made great. So does 
 the bush burn and is not consumed. 
 
 "Such then, is the chief significance of 
 this incident, that the life of the blessed 
 God depends on naught, and sums up all, 
 'Let us have grace to serve Him acceptably 
 and with godly tear, for our God is also a 
 consuming fire.' I need not dwell at length 
 upon the bearing of this vision on the futura 
 of Moses, the statesman and leader. Its al- 
 lurement never forsook him. He could not 
 forget that sacred moment, when an unknowri 
 shepherd, he cast aside his sandals on the hill 
 side and buried his face in the sands. In 
 this solemn hour he became the friend of 
 God, the lawgiver to men. Jehovah watched 
 his dving couch and enfolded the silent form 
 once 'quivering with adoration for its slum- 
 ber on Nebo's crags. 
 
 "So was it with our martyr and President. 
 The virtues we appreciate, the simple loveli- 
 ness of character, whose loss we deplore; 
 these wxre cnsheathed in reverence, and un- 
 der its protection kept from the rude touch 
 of elementary types which bear ignoble fruit. 
 He early bowed before his burning bush and 
 was obedient to the heavenly vision. Awed, 
 sublimed, chaatered. by widening calls to pub- 
 lic duty and responsibility, he was among the 
 elect few whose sagacity knew how to uso 
 colossal power, without arrogance or hlatancy, 
 with gentleness and dignity, and uuto the 
 blessing of the state. 
 
 "It will be salutary if this terrible calam- 
 ity checks the almost universal decay of 
 reverence among us. The chief cause of this 
 lack of a worthy attitude of soul is ignor- 
 ance. A discriminating writer has called it 
 s'jirih'al color blindness, for it is ignorance 
 of God, willful, assumed or careless neglect 
 of the everlasting God. Because the socio- 
 logical site of human lite is in close sym- 
 pathy with the religious, it behooves men 
 who move among sacred things to revise 
 much of their speech and some of their hab- 
 its. It is not enough to impeach with im- 
 passioned word the foul and hellish deed 
 that laid our President low. That can be 
 done, it should be, though language staggers 
 to describe this awful taking off. But every 
 man who has forgotten the distance between 
 himself and God is called upon to remember 
 that the very Son of the Highest was heard 
 even in Gethsemane's dark shade, because of 
 'His godlv fear.' One of the chief tokens of 
 a regenerated heart is a speech which sweet- 
 ens public life, grave, dignified, just, kindly, 
 discriminating, a speech Invested with the 
 sense of proportion. . 
 
 "The methods of crude emotionalism, un- 
 restrained bv any adequate conception of the 
 whole truth of life, have bred lawless mouths 
 in sacrpd pla'^es. Men who to-day are in an 
 unenviable position because of their rampant 
 accusative tempers, not to be exousod though 
 employed in causes they hold morally vital, 
 phonld consider that Moses' anger in a for- 
 get'ul moment shut him out of the promised 
 land. I deeply rcc;rpt to say that some of the 
 worst exhibitions of this denunciatory, gas- 
 conading disnosition have disfigured the ut- 
 terances of those whose office and calling 
 should forbid uncharitable impatience. This 
 argues a lack of faith, obedience and love. 
 
 "You may ask how these minor things 
 stand related to so grim a tragedy as ours. 
 The disease which to-day is a speck to-mor- 
 row is a leprosy, rotting the vita! organs. An 
 unlicensed fire sweeps away not only places 
 deserving destruction, but the temple and 
 the home. Let us put a ban upon gutter 
 slang employed to proclaim the glorious gos- 
 pel, upon coarse phraseology, and mere ap- 
 peal to passion and to prejudice in urging 
 the claims of ethical causes and political 
 standards. Our religion demands the loftiest 
 gifts, suffused and endued by the descending 
 spirit of the living one. Our nation's leaders 
 should keep a pure and reverent speech. 
 
 "Mr. Spurgeon once said that if all men's 
 sins were divided into two bundles, half of 
 them would be sins of the tongue. Truly, a 
 nation's tendencies are mirrored in its lan- 
 guage this is a faithful reflex of the moral 
 life of those who use it. There are ugly ex- 
 uberances in manv so called leaders of vari- 
 ous religious and ethical and political move- 
 ments which count nothing sacred, or worthy 
 of reticence and charitable silence. 
 "Ignorant, fussy, distempered speech the 
 
 man must sedulously avoid who would have 
 clear views of God and truth. 
 
 "Wordsworth describes the solitude where 
 the heavenly vision may perchance appear: 
 
 For ttius I live remote 
 From evil speaking; rancour never sought. 
 Comes to me not; mallsnant truth, or lie; 
 Hence I have genial seasons, hence have I 
 Smooth passions, smooth discourse and joyous 
 
 thought : 
 And thus from day to day my little boat 
 Rocks in its harbor, lodging peaceably. 
 
 "If you summarize the first three com- 
 mandments of the Decalogue they say to us: 
 ■Ihink of God worthily, worship Him worthi- 
 ly, let His name be counted holy.' The halt 
 throughout the land last Thursday while the 
 tomb at Canton received the treasure com- 
 mitted to its trust was, indeed, a splendid 
 pause, an object lesson to the evangelical 
 familiarists, the paraders of catch titles for 
 sermons and the little hearts that fume and 
 fret over daily existence. It taught the in- 
 estimable value of dignity and sorrow and 
 silence, it bade this nation uncover in the 
 presence of Almighty God. Audacious flip- 
 pancy is not confined to the religious and 
 political world. What Mr. Hamerton called 
 'the desecrating light of modern criticism' 
 has fallen upon objects our fathers rever- 
 enced. Some of these were false and degrad- 
 ing, but there is grave danger lest we now 
 destroy the wheat with the tares. Supersti- 
 tious veneration is the toe of intelligent awe, 
 and of the sanctified knowledge which in- 
 duces worship, but this is not more to be 
 dreaded than the utter disregard of those 
 things which have nourished the world in 
 past ages. Coarse positive references, a 
 cynical 'nil admirari' spirit, these have rest- 
 ed like a blight of hell upon hearts of men 
 and fields of literature. Such rudeness is 
 crude, the truly enlightened never sit in the 
 seat of the scornful, nor can a man find truth 
 at the goal, who does not practice childlike 
 humility at the starting point. 
 
 "We must live in real joy and power of 
 progress because we have something to love 
 and something to reverence. The baseness, 
 the misery, the undoing, that conies from 
 disdain toward any man is beyond computa- 
 tion. 
 
 Let knowledge grow from more to more. 
 But more of reverence in us dwell. 
 
 How then can we best secure His great 
 benisou? 
 
 "I find the answer in the attitude of Moses. 
 I find it in the dying words of William Mc- 
 Kinley. They sum up in a phrase our great 
 need — a deeper consciousness of God. 
 
 "At the ether extreme from the hole and 
 corner sectarian and the religionists who 
 flout the decent courtesies of intercourse 
 stands the scientist who deals with the 
 Being of God, and the primal beliefs of his 
 fellows, in a ruthless fashion. Yet he Is 
 too open eyed not to see the deciy oi rever- 
 ence and laments its departure. Beloved, 
 his position is utterly Inconsistent. When 
 belief in a personal holy eternal God passes 
 out of faith we shall of sequence despise 
 our fellow men. What is wisdom, statesman- 
 ship, kingly art, literature, genius in any 
 form gray hairs and parentage, in compari- 
 son with the author of all that is? Herein 
 is the beginning of good, the hate of ill, tri- 
 umph of the truth and falsehood's overthrow, 
 'to know him, the only true God, and Jesus 
 Christ, whom he has sent.' They that honor 
 Hira thus. He has pledged He will honor, 
 but alas for they that despise Him. they 
 shall be lightly esteemed. So the cry of our 
 dying President, 'God's will be oone,' the 
 last hymn now invested for us with richer 
 meaning, 'Nearer, My God, to Thee.' naust 
 be the plaint of this people as we follow him 
 in prayer on the first Sabbath of his transla- 
 tion, and meditate on these things. 
 
 "Not in a solitary shrub on a desert emin- 
 ence doth God manifest Himself to-day: He 
 has widened the limits of consecration un- 
 til all things and ail places are holy unto 
 the Lo-d. The earth and its nations are 
 hallowed epiphanies. We shall fail to create 
 this holv temple of reverence by any counter- 
 felt methods. Subdued cadences and gothio 
 columns and translucent colors from storied 
 windows richly dight may hinder as well as 
 help. Drawing room magic cannot please 
 the King of Heaven. Sensuous indulgences. 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 however esthetlcally correct, are a poor 
 substitute. The nations where they have 
 been most in vogue are the breeding grounds 
 of anarchy, the birthplaces of men who carry 
 the destructive force of a cannon in a car- 
 pet bag. 
 
 "Heed not too much these purely artificial 
 adornments of external life. This entire na- 
 tion represents for us a glowing manifesta- 
 tion of God's government among men. The 
 prominent names of its history are the syl- 
 lables of victory. But we must not expect 
 miracles to be wrought in our behalf, nor a 
 Bv'persession of the laws which govern char- 
 acter and destiny. Yet we can bring our in- 
 dividual and public lite into closer commun- 
 ion with heaven, we can repeat, with our as- 
 cended chief, the words, 'Thy will be done." 
 We can say with St. Augustine, 'Give what 
 Thou commandest and command what Thou 
 ■Rilt' and 
 
 6q nigh Ig ^andeur to our dust. 
 
 So near Is God to man, 
 When duty whispers low, "Thou must," 
 
 The soul replies, "I can." 
 
 "Nor need we despise the prosperity which, 
 wrongly viewed, brings self confidence, sub- 
 tle unbelief, hate and rancor and the lack of 
 Eimplicity. These evil things have their 
 source within a man. they reveal his spir- 
 itual poverty more than they condemn his 
 material conditions. There is no necessary 
 virtue in barbarism or poverty and the march 
 of civilization is on the trackways laid by 
 God. Dr. Dale left a sentence unfinished 
 upon his desk which lay there after he was 
 dead. Unworldiness is in the temper and 
 the habit of living created by the vision of 
 God, by constant fellowship with Him, by 
 settled purposes to do His will always; then 
 there comes in a peace with a great hope 
 that there will be the joy of a fuller and 
 loftier life lived in His immediate and eter- 
 nal presence. 
 
 "Let us not despise the life that now is; 
 let us woo it, win it, consecrate it. When 
 these spiritual forces shall capture finance, 
 diplomacy. Journalism, capital and labor, we 
 shall know how to render to the good God 
 a vast anthem of dally praise from the cur- 
 rent deeds of men. Till then, in season and 
 out of season, be it ours, in high resolve and 
 patient labor, to carry out the last prayer of 
 our beloved leader. 
 Thy will be done. Nearer, my God, to Thee. 
 
 "Moses was not permitted to see the crown 
 of his achievements. Joshua's monumental 
 sword conquered Palestine, and when the 
 hosts of Israel crossed the Jordan the giant 
 who led them to its brink was sleeping on 
 the mountain height above. With one long 
 embrace Jehovah kissed his servant into 
 slumber. So it is with us. 
 
 "William iVIcKinley had strengthened the 
 Union ho has now cemented with his blood; 
 he had safely conducted us through war and 
 peace; he had lived a life lofty and noble and 
 sacrificial, and the manner of his death was 
 a fresh and Inspiring evidence of the dignity 
 and glory of the Christian faith. It was 
 meet and right that two such princes of the 
 race as Albert the Noble and .\braham Lin- 
 coln should work hand in hand and sink down 
 together at last into the arms of God, and 
 now the wife and queen and the soldier and 
 successor of Lincoln pass also. But what a 
 passing and what a cycle. From .Mfred the 
 Great to McKinley the Good. 'My father! my 
 father! behold, the chariots and the horse- 
 men!' We say of them all and of our own 
 kinsfolk and loved ones: 
 
 For all the saints who from their labors rest. 
 Who Thee by faith before the world confessed, 
 Tliy Name, O Jesus, be forever ble;3t. 
 Alleluia! Alleluia! 
 
 REV. JOHN W. CHADWICK. 
 
 The Rev. John White Chadwick. minister 
 of the Second Unitarian Church, Clinton and 
 Congress streets, returned from his vacation 
 and was In his pulpit Sunday morning. 
 Ho preached a strong sermon on "The Crime 
 That Failed," reviewing the tragedy of the 
 death of President Mckinley and referring 
 to anarchy and the remedy for it In an in- 
 crease of righteousness. 
 
 REV. C.WOELFKIN. 
 
 In the Greene Avenue Baptist Church 
 yesterday morning the Rev. Cornelius 
 Woelfkin, pastor, preached on "Dangers 
 of Mixed Multitudes." He took as his 
 text Deuteronomy xxl:8: "Our hands have 
 not shed this blood, neither have our eyes 
 seen it. Forgive, O Jehovah, Thy people 
 Israel whom Thou hast redeemed and suffer 
 not innocent blood to remain in the midst 
 of Thy people." Mr. Woelfkin said among 
 other things: 
 
 "Calamity has forced us into the gaze of 
 the nations and made us the cynosure of 
 the world's attention. Our days of mourn- 
 ing opened the fountain of unrestrained 
 sympathy and some of our noblest national 
 qualities have found vent. But now that 
 the climax of our grief has spent itself, and 
 we are recovering from the shock that 
 plunged us into a conflict of emotions, wa 
 must soberly reflect upon the situation and 
 deal with the causes of our woe, both those 
 immediate and those remote. Naturally, we 
 feel that we must first of all crush under 
 heel that serpent of lawlessness that seeks 
 to strike with death at our institutions.. In 
 the outburst of resentment we are apt to 
 darken counsel with w-ords without knowl- 
 edge. Passions roused to revenge have 
 found spokesmen and cruelty torturing with 
 pain have been suggested. But all such sen- 
 timent is foreign to the spirit of Him who 
 prayed for His murderers. 
 
 "Much idle talk has demanded the imme- 
 diate enactment of laws to prevent the re- 
 currence of assassination. But lawmaking 
 is no easy thing. Law is not the verdict of 
 exasperated individuals, but the consensus of 
 wisest, most patient and skillful judicial 
 minds. The hasty utterances of undigested 
 thought fashioned into a code of law would 
 create a machine that would grind many of 
 us to powder. We must leave all remedies 
 within legal province to minds expert in 
 judicial wisdom. Nor will mere law stamp 
 out crime. All crime lives despite law, and 
 anarchy will prove no exception. 
 
 "We are a nation of a mixed multitude. 
 From every latitude and longitude, with 
 every phase of temperament phlegmatic and 
 erratic; aristocrat and plebeian; virtuous and 
 vicious, we gather here. With such a hetero- 
 geneous people We cannot experiment with 
 erratic nations, but must assimilate con* 
 victions about our tried and proven institu- 
 tions. And what is the most cohesive force 
 m any natiou? Not its numbers, wealth, 
 resources, system of education or form of 
 government. These are all vital and integral 
 factors. But the most potent force is the 
 moral fiber thnt lives in a nation's religion. 
 In proportion to the grip of religious truth 
 upon the national conscience and conviction, 
 is a nation's greatness. And it is no acci- 
 dent that the nations most reputed for 
 evangelical Christianity are the mightiest 
 nations of the world to-day. The custodian 
 of evangelical Christianity In America is the 
 church of God. Through her membership 
 God must exorcise the cohesive power of 
 divine grace binding us in one. Christianity 
 must be the salt of the earth and the agent of 
 converting grace. When it fails of this, 
 corruption and disintegration must ensue. 
 
 "In the present crisis we are face to face 
 with ripened atheism. Anarchy is the 
 deadly fruit, atheism the deadly root. Its 
 logic Is concise: no God; no authority; no ac- 
 countability; no punishment; no law. Law Is 
 restraint and restraint is tyranny. As a 
 philosophy it breaks everywhere. Beyond 
 the destruction of law and government it 
 has no plan or ideal. In practice It has no 
 place for restraint, and conscience is de- 
 throned. Free land, tree wealth, free love, 
 free beer are Its cry and It strikes death 
 at the foundations of home and society. It 
 
 Is insincere. Make its advocates rich and 
 to-morrow they will demand the protection 
 of the law which to-day they destroy. They 
 violate the law with crime, then ask its pro- 
 tection from consequences. 
 
 "But there are remote causes for this law- 
 lessness. We need to blush for the lawlessi 
 visitation on lawlessness enacted within re- 
 cent years. Cruelty and passion have da- 
 lighted less in justice than exquisite torture 
 in many recent lynchings. Unshriven the 
 wretched criminals were sent to an account 
 at God's tribunal to suffer the destiny of 
 eternal punishment. But what cared the mob 
 for that. There was no fear of God before 
 their eyes. They acted with practical athe- 
 ism, independent of God. The only excuse 
 pled for such acts is the law's delays and de- 
 feats of judgment. Alas that it should be so. 
 It the legal profession would refuse a re- 
 tainer for every cause which they believe 
 unrighteous, and refused to appeal where 
 justice had made decisions, and repudiated 
 the screening of wrong beneath technicali- 
 ties and loop holes, our law would be a 
 thousand fold more effective. As it is, many 
 a criminal boldly gambles on the law's pro- 
 tection or weakness. 
 
 "But In how far are the words of Paul 
 (Romans 11:17-24) applicable unto us? We 
 mingle In all the affairs of men, in the social, 
 business and political world. 
 
 "There are two kinds of skepticism in the 
 world. One that is not sinful or destructive, 
 but ultimately finds God. The other that is 
 ruinous and deathly. With intellectual em- 
 barrassment that sometimes suggests the 
 doubt of God's existence, knowledge or care 
 God had no quarrel. Calamity, sorrow and 
 disaster may confine the faculties of mind. 
 Job, the Psalmist, Habbakuk. John had their 
 hours of eclipsed faith. But there is an athe- 
 ism of heart, not head, that rises out of de- 
 sire. The fool that saith in his heart there 
 is no God, let us break his bonds asunder, 
 etc.; this is moral atheism that v,'ould not 
 have a God. Practical atheism, this is real 
 atheism. Not how do we say the creed, bu* 
 how do wo live the creed judges the issue of 
 atheism. What force Is a Christian society 
 in the social life in the world? How much 
 place has God in the decisions as to whom 
 we shall fellowship as friends, whom we will 
 choose as companions of life, whom we will 
 admit to those intimacies that must exert an 
 influence on us? How much do we reckon 
 with God as to whether we shall be negative 
 or positive in the world? leavening or being 
 drawn away into worldliness? Do we not in 
 all this act without God? There is no fear of 
 God before their eyes. 
 
 "In the business world what place has God 
 in the conduct of affairs? Oh, one can't be 
 honest to-day and succeed? Is that true? 
 Then it is a choice, and to choose success is 
 atheism. God on Sunday, no God Monday. 
 Men make partnerships without God and then 
 cannot jointly ask God in crises. Men en- 
 gage in lines where they cannot counsel with 
 God. By so far as God is shut out in so far 
 it is Godless, atheistic. 'There is no fear of 
 God before their eyes.' 
 
 "What place has God to-day in the family 
 life? That la at the foundation of state. Is 
 there an altar in that citadel of the govern- 
 ment? and what place has the closet at the 
 fountain head? We can dispense with 
 churches with more safety than the closet 
 and family altar. Let them crumble and we 
 decay at the core of life. Let us not risa 
 against an individual or a small class how- 
 ever dangerous; with them we must deal. 
 But we need more. Detective service, court 
 decision, legal execution alone cannot save 
 us. There must be the transforming power 
 of divine love that makes man Godfearing. 
 These men need conversion more than exe- 
 cution. And our hopelessness of such an Is- 
 sue is atheism itself. The power of the gos- 
 pel can save all men. 
 
 "For the church, this is the day for us to 
 put on sackcloth and ashes: to return unto 
 the Lord for healing: to consecrate anew life, 
 business and fellowship: to let God Into all 
 and make us the salt against corruption; to 
 build the closet, the family altar and ac- 
 knowledge the Lord in all our ways. To deny 
 ungodliness and unholy lust, living soberly, 
 ■■Ighteously, we smite atheism at its root and 
 liA^s^ uUU ddcov and die." 
 
S9 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 REV. DR. L M. CLARKE. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. L. M. Clarke, pastor of the 
 First Presbyterian Chyrch, Henry street, 
 near Claris, was in his pulpit Sunday, Septem- 
 ber 22, for the first time since vacation. In 
 the morning he took for his subject, "Deep 
 Calleth Unto Deep." The text was from 
 Psalm xlii:": "Deep calleth unto deep at the 
 noise of thy waterspouts." Dr. Clarke said: 
 
 "This is a portion of Scripture that needs 
 a word of Interpretation. The psalmist has 
 been wandering about during a period of 
 banishment from his home city of Jerusalem. 
 In his goings and comings, however, he has 
 not failed to bridge with his faith and love 
 the wide interval that separates him from 
 the temple of David. 'I remember thee,' he 
 cried, "whether from the land beyond the 
 Jordan or from the hills of Hermon.' in the 
 North. But more than this. He has seen 
 the storm lashing the sea into fury. He has 
 watched the tempest washing through the 
 cedars of Lebanon. He has observed the 
 sluggish and narrow brooks suddenly lifted 
 inco torrents under the downpour of the 
 hea\'y clouds. He has seen the air grow 
 black and felt the earth tremble in the 
 power of a great convulsion, and in that mo- 
 ment of awful grandeur he has found a 
 voice speaking to himself. 
 
 "The world without him in its tempest 
 and blackness calls to the world within him. 
 That which is terrible in nature speaks to 
 that which is terrible in the soul. The ex- 
 ternal cries aloud to . the soiritual. .\nd 
 when the floods come and the waterspouts 
 upheave the sea. then deep calls unto deep. 
 End the solemnities without speak in match- 
 less majesty to the solemnities within. 
 
 "Now this morning I have ventured to take 
 this expression of the psalmist for our text 
 because it seems to me so .admirably to ex- 
 press the reality which we all have felt and 
 are feeling yet. Almost on the eve 
 of our return to this holy place we have 
 seen an awful storm gather and burst over 
 all the land. We have heard the floods lift 
 up their voice, in a manner without paral- 
 lel. We have felt the waves and the bil- 
 lows going over us. We have trembled and 
 staggered in the power of the tempest. 
 
 "Oh, there is no language like that of 
 Scripture to express with satisfying com- 
 pleteness the grandest emotions of the hu- 
 man soul. 
 
 "Deep calleth unto deep at the noise of 
 thy waterspouts. We have seen the deeps 
 smitten before our eyes, and we have heard 
 them call one to another and answer in 
 return. The noise of God's waterspouts 
 has rolled around us. The foundations have 
 been unbased in this fearful exoerience, 
 and we have stood again, but never more 
 Impressively, in the presence of the Lord 
 God of Hosts. 
 
 "Let me invite you, then, to think of what 
 this means to us. In the first place, the 
 mystery without has called to the mystery 
 within. The utter inability of the human 
 mind to explain the experience of these 
 recent days is one of the most distinct feel- 
 Inps we have in reference to it. To begin 
 with, there is the mystery of sin itself. 
 That it is, we know full well, for we have 
 *een its dreadful results. But what it is, 
 whence it came, and why it was ever per- 
 mitted to come are questions that still con- 
 ceal their answers somewhere in the mys- 
 tery of God and somewhere in the mystery 
 of the human heart. 
 
 "How does it happen that a life made in 
 the image of its Creator and made for fel- 
 lowship with Him can change the divine 
 Into the demon? What is the nature of 
 this subtle power called 'sin,' that it is able 
 so to prevent and twist and destroy the very 
 fabric of the soul. The mystery of sin! 
 How deep calls to deep in the presence of 
 this mighty torrent! How these floods sweep 
 away our superficial philosophies, which 
 laugh at sin as being only good in the mak- 
 ing! No, we have looked again into our 
 •wn hearts and have felt the mysterious 
 
 grip of this invisible foe. We have been 
 made conscious of the sense of guilt, and 
 have felt the immeasurable need of a de- 
 liverer from this consciousness. We have 
 seen the intricate network which sin has 
 spread everywhere, and yet we ourselves 
 have also been caught in its toils. What 
 will you say to the mystery of htlman sin? 
 
 "And, then, there Is the mystery of di- 
 vine Providence? If Goa really rules and 
 reigns, why does He permit these colossal 
 tragedies? Does Hi) really permit them, 
 or is He simply helpless in the midsi of the 
 exercises of human volition? Is God our father, 
 in deed and in truth, and is this experience 
 sent upon us by a kind and loving Father? 
 We preach (he good will of God and is this 
 an expression of the divine good w'ill? Where 
 in all this fierce storm is the evidence of 
 God's much heralded tenderness and com- 
 passion? 'He will not suffer thee to be 
 moved' is the language of scripture, but we 
 have been s'naken hy a tempest. 'There shall 
 no evil befall thee' is what the Christian says, 
 and yet an illustrious Christian has been 
 foully slain, the co:!ntry has been upheaved, 
 fear and alarm have gone around the world 
 and meu have stood aghast at the evil; the 
 evil, I say. which has beiallea. How the mys- 
 tery of divine sovereignty calls out of the 
 deeps of this experience to the deeps of our 
 own faith! 
 
 "And, furthermore, there is the mystery of 
 the human will! How could any one bring 
 himself to perform such a deed as this, which 
 has filled our hearts with gi-ief? What sense- 
 lessness! What a toppling over Oi reason and 
 judgment! Could any act of which the mind 
 can conceive be so certain to defeat the pur- 
 pose of it as this? Is this the freedom of the 
 will or is it the human will centered and mas- 
 tered by a power stronger than itself? 
 
 ".\nd there is the mystery of influence. Who 
 can measure the forces playing, either remote 
 or near, upon the immediate cause of all this 
 tragedy? An inflammable word spoken here, 
 firing a mind over there. An audacious and 
 mad philosophy issuing from so*me obscure 
 attic, nerving an ignorant hand for a task 
 like this. Or the wide sown seed of a ribald 
 press, scattered over the land, finds congenial 
 soil in a poor wretch's passion, and the earth 
 stands still in the contemplation of its sor- 
 row. 
 
 "The mystery of influence, how it speaks 
 out of the deep of this experience. Who of 
 us has not been sobered as he has thought 
 of the possible effect of careless words or 
 defiant deeds or bad examples? Who of us 
 has not felt again that no man liveth to him- 
 self? .4nd then, on the brighter side, who of 
 us has not stood in wondering silence as he 
 has contemplated the influence tor blessing 
 and honor and glory and power that has is- 
 sued in floods and torrents from the death of 
 this distinguished President, and that will 
 continue, in years to come, to descend upon 
 the nation as rain upon the new mown grass, 
 even as the winter rivers that flow into the 
 sea also come back upon the meadows and 
 mountains in the showers of the early spring. 
 The mystery of sin, of providence, of human 
 will and of human influence, this is one 
 voice that calls out of the deeps of this expe- 
 rience to the deeps of our souls. The voice 
 of mystery! 
 
 "But, in the second place; there is another 
 cry that comes from such an experience, and 
 it is a cry of dependence. We have thought 
 ourselves very strong, and yet there has de- 
 scended upon us such a consciousness of help- 
 lessness and such an acknowledgment of in- 
 sufficiency as, I think, the world has rarely, 
 if ever, known. You remember how thrilling 
 it was, when during these brief days of hope, 
 week before last, the desire was expressed in 
 every part of the land for the appointment of 
 a day of thanksgiving. Why was it so, except 
 that the deepest emotions that come to men, 
 whether joy or grief, whether victory or 
 defeat, somehow call for God! 
 
 "However little men may seem to believe 
 in the conventional forms of religion, when 
 the deeps of life are laid bare, then they cry 
 out, by native instinct, for the living and 
 omnipotent God. But consider why it is. I 
 beg you to see that this is not alone a 
 question of fear. We have not been crowd- 
 ing into the presence of Jehovah as fright- 
 ened cowards, who would give hostages to 
 
 Omnipotence In the face of danger. We have 
 not sought the house of God in this time of 
 sorrow, simply because we desired to be on 
 the side of safety. There may be those who 
 think chiefly of God as One who is very 
 strong and who have no use for Him until 
 they themselves discover that they must get 
 help from some power higher than them- 
 selves. Oh, that is the most trifling kind of 
 dependence. That is superficial and shal- 
 low. No deep calls to deep in a thought 
 like that. 
 
 "Here you are to-day, a strong and active 
 man, and you go on without prayer and 
 without tear in the calm confidence of your 
 ability to meet the morrow, when suddenly 
 the earthly house of your tabernacle begins 
 to tremble in the grip of a hand more 
 i^ow-erful than you, or the fabric of your 
 fortune falls about your head, or your home 
 is suddenly invaded by an enemy you cannot 
 turn out. and then you cry to God for help, 
 because you are too weak to make it possi- 
 ble for you to have your own way. You 
 go to God. not because you want Him, but 
 because you want His power to assist you 
 for a little while, and then, having used it. 
 once more you will stand ready to get on 
 without it. 
 
 "If there were some one less than God 
 who yet could malfe your sickness into 
 health or your adversity into prosperity or 
 your broken home complete once more, you 
 would go to him as quickly as now you go 
 to God. This is shallow and superficial. 
 But see what I mean by tne consciousness of 
 dependence, where deep calls to deep. It 
 las been Linnifestcd ^o wonderfully during 
 these recent days. 
 
 "It is not fear alone that compels men to 
 seek God in such times as these. Men have 
 not been coming to Him as they might have 
 come to some giant in whom all they had 
 of interest was his strong right arm. No. 
 We have gone with the multitude to the 
 house of God, because we have felt that He 
 alone could complete our lives. Whether 
 the issue should be sorrow or joy, yet we 
 needed God to sanctify the sorrow or hallow 
 the joy. These emotions of our hearts do 
 not compass their design, unless they lift 
 us up to God. Human life is dependent 
 upon the divine, not as slaves are dependent 
 upon their masters, but as flowers depend 
 upon the sun, as the river depends upon 
 the ocean, as the blood depends upon the 
 heart that beats it out, as a child depends 
 upon the friendship and fellowship of his 
 father! 
 
 "God completes us. God fulfills us. This 
 is why we have felt, as this same Psalm ex- 
 presses it, 'as the hart panteth after the 
 water brook, so pants my soul after thee, 
 oh, God, My soul thirsteth for God, for the 
 living God.' It is such a message of de- 
 pendence as this, that deep has been calling 
 out to deep in the face of such a dreadful 
 storm. Let me solemnly charge you to ac- 
 cept the truth, that your life Is woefully 
 incomplete without this consciousness of 
 God and consecration to Him. 
 
 "But third. Deep has called to deep 
 and still another voice has been heard 
 above the roar of the tempest. It is a mes- 
 sage about final values — a message concern- 
 ing what is worth while — a message in re- 
 gard to the transcendent preciousness of a 
 white soul and a pure life, of dignity of 
 character and splendor of high motives. If 
 ever men have been inclined to doubt the 
 reality of these spiritual treasures, it would 
 seem incredible that they can doubt long- 
 er. If the world has not been made to see 
 again the practical power and charming 
 beauty of this faith of our Lord Jesus Christ, 
 then one wonders what can make them see. 
 Men who treat with disdain the culture of 
 the heart as being inferior to the culture of 
 the mind, have witnessed a most signal ex- 
 hibition of the majesty of the heart, when 
 that heart has been adorned with the grace 
 of God's boundless love. 
 
 ".And men who have surrendered the 
 search for spiritual values In order to pur- 
 sue more unrestrained the values that are 
 material — have they not had a new and start- 
 ling vision of the superiority of those things 
 which the world can neither give nor take 
 away? If the religion of Christ can furnisb 
 
THE MO KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 63 
 
 men with calmness In the midst of danger, 
 and unselfishness In the midst of agony— If 
 it can make the victim forgive and pity the 
 enemv whose vict'm he Is, and plead tor the 
 law on behalf of him who defied and de- 
 spised and outraged law. If the gospel of 
 Christ can keep a man unsullied in the midst 
 of temptations and hold him high minded 
 and pure though low and unworthy aspira- 
 tions pollute the atmosphere around him, 
 then. I submit, the religion of Christ has 
 proven again its splendid worth. Now we 
 can see what the gospel means. 
 
 "Now we can discern again, and In fresh 
 outlines, the large commission it bears. Why 
 should we so frequently misunderstand it? 
 If I ask a man to accept the gospel of Christ 
 to him it means a certain narrow thing 
 which he could only half believe. But now 
 I put It in another way. I plead with him. 
 I plead with you. to accept the inspiration 
 which will make you strong In danger: 
 which will make you unselfish in agony; 
 which will make you clean in the midst of 
 pollution, and true though surrounded by 
 temptation. I ask you to accept the love 
 which will enable you to forgive your ene- 
 mies and which will keep you in good will 
 toward those who oppose you. I plead with 
 you to receive that divine life which will 
 bring your own life of mind and heart and 
 conscience and will to their largest per- 
 fection and keep you sweet-hearted in the 
 midst of bitterness. Believe v.-hat else you 
 will, only believe In the power of the divine 
 life in you. Believe what else you 
 will, only believe that God is Love 
 aud that without Him you cannot live 
 the supreme, the victorious, the eter- 
 nrl life. It Is on this foundation I 
 
 ing upon us to complete our lives in God. 
 The eternal worth of spiritual values, call- 
 ing to us for the culture of the heart. The 
 sublimity and grandeur of death, summon- 
 ing us to make ready for its coming. Oh, 
 my brethren, by the mercies of God all 
 along and bv the wonders and amazements 
 of these recent days, I do beseech you. be ye 
 reconciled to God." 
 
 REV. W. R. FERRIS. 
 
 The Rev. Walter Rocltwood Ferris, pastor 
 of the Bay Ridge Presbyterian Church, 
 preached Sunday morning. September 22, 
 from the text, Phlllpplans 111:13: "Forgetting 
 the things which are behind." 
 
 "Apparent opposites are not necessarily 
 contradictious. Did you ever watch a shut- 
 tle as it hurries from one side to the other 
 In its work? It carrier a thread now to the 
 right hand, now to the left, but the two rows 
 are part of one and the same strand, and are 
 united in one single and harmonious piece 
 of work. So with many of the apparent con- 
 tradictions In the teaching of the word of 
 God. They seem to face in exactly opposite 
 directions, yet are so woven by the mind of 
 the spirit as to present the marvel of litera- 
 ture and of ethics, the Bible. For Instance, 
 remembering and forgetting. One is aim- 
 ing to underscore the Impressions written 
 
 „ „. ._ .„ _ on these minds of ours: the other is trying to 
 
 plead at the very opening of our new church | wash the sllato clean of its random marks. 
 year, for the acceptance and the re-accept- | "At first blush there seems no room for 
 ance of this gospel of Jesus Christ. anything but the remembering. The word 
 
 "But fourth and last. As the deeps have ! 'remember' seems a command which Is the 
 been calling to deeps, we have heard another j backbone on which the whole book of Deu- 
 voice speaking its message, proclaiming once | teronomy is articulated. It Is the motit 
 more the sublimity and grandeur of death. \ which ran through that mass of folk lore. 
 I believe that death plays a glorious part in 
 the evolution of the race and in the prog- 
 
 ress of the individual. The older thought j 
 that death is a curse stamped upon the 
 world in consequence of sin. is a thought 1 
 which, I believe, is giving place to a better j 
 aud more Scriptural Idea. 'Ejccept a grain j 
 of wheat fail into the ground and die. it 
 abideth alone,' said Jesus, 'but if It die it ; 
 bringeth forth much fruit.' Death all down 
 the years has unlocked precious powers of 
 Inspirations which otherwise had been sealed. | 
 In nature, death is the condition of progress. 1 
 In the history of human development, death 
 marks the stages at which the new advances 
 begin. 
 
 "How sublime and how grand then is the 
 death of some splendid hero! Is it the end? 
 No. it is the point of departure from which 
 a far more glorious career shall take Its 
 start. Is it the exiiaustlon? No. it Is the 
 
 songs and stories, which was passed down 
 from generation to generation as the mother 
 sang to the babe in her arms or the old 
 man droned to the children who would lis- 
 ten of the earlier days. It Is the transmit- 
 ter through which a current of patriotic 
 zeal and enthusiasm was flashed from one 
 age to the succeeding. It is the burden 
 of the Psalter. It Is the message of the 
 priests. It is the exhortation of the proph- 
 ets. It Is the glory of Israel to remember 
 that the hand of God had been reached to 
 earth, giving It the possibility of a little 
 i heaven, and that the heart of God had 
 j touched the heart of man that he might 
 know Him. and Israel's glory is to be Is- 
 rael's trust — remember. 
 
 "That message does not stop there. He 
 
 I who reads the Master's words cannot fail 
 
 ■ to see how He binds the present to the past: 
 
 ! '1 came not to destroy, b"* '" fulfill." and 
 
 need no other Illustration than 
 
 momentary pause while the spirit girds itself 
 
 for ano.hTr and more won™ ^a.. Jhis , U ^wo.d^^need no ^^ 
 
 ' Into the mouth of Abraham in the parable 
 
 Is the intimation of the 
 
 ment coming from the world without, and i 
 this I believe to be the teaching of the 
 Scripture Itself. 
 
 "Away with Its horrors and its gloom. Ihe 
 deeps of God's truth speak to the deeps of 
 our experience of death, and tell us that 
 loss Is gain, that defeat is triumph, and that 
 the humiliation In the grave Is the corona- i 
 tlon In the skies. The other night I was 
 speaking of Dean Alford of Canterbury, 
 whose gravestone bears this quaint but 
 beautiful Inscription. 'The Inn of a traveler 
 on his way to Jerusalem.' And when they 
 laid his body to rest, the Cathedral choir 
 gathered around the open grave and sang 
 his own glorious hymn : 
 
 "Ten thousand tlmos* ten thousand, 
 In sparkllnB raiments bright. 
 The armies of the r:insomi?iI saints 
 
 Throng up the streets of llBht- 
 'TIS finished, all Is finished. 
 
 Their fight with death and sin. 
 Fling open wide the heavenly gates 
 And let the victors In! 
 
 "Ah, there la something sublime and full 
 of grandeur in It all. Deep calls unto deep! 
 God help us to hear these voices above the 
 roar of the outward storm. Mystery calling 
 to U3 for a sturdier faith. Dependence call- 
 
 of the rich man: 'Son, remember!" to show 
 where f^hrlst stxiod on this point. What right, 
 then, has Paul to place as one of his fun- 
 damental ideas, as one of his main plans In 
 his ideal, this forgetting of the past? Yet 
 here he does not stand alone, for his Mas- 
 ter had been speaking of work one day, and 
 had said that no man who put a hand to 
 the plough and looked back was fit for tho 
 kingdom of God. Pretty near to Paul's Idea, 
 Isn't It? Evidently, here Is a-.rother place 
 where Ecclesiastes might have looked, 
 thought and added: 'There is a time for 
 Judging' and a time for acting; a time for 
 considering and a time for contesting; a 
 time for remembering, and a time for for- 
 getting.' For that, I take It. Is the kernel 
 of meaning here. The present day poet 
 grasps a great essential of his nation's life, 
 and cries. 'Lest we forget!' Paul, looking 
 at the great essential in his life, cries of 
 the other smaller things. Let us forget!' 
 and the two cries blend and harmonize to 
 our ears, unless, as fools, we shut them, to 
 the tone, and read but the letter of the 
 words. 
 
 "Look, then, at the meaning as we catch 
 
 at once flashes the thought 'what else could 
 wo glory In?' And to his memory comes all 
 of the old Jewish love of race; his escutch- 
 eon was bright; no bar-sinister upon his 
 shield; his lineage such that he could look 
 a king in the fac3. It does not matter 
 whether he thought proudly of all this or 
 regretfully as he recognized himself, dis- 
 inherited and cut ott by the leaders of the 
 Jews; the pride or the regret was swept 
 aside In an all-absorbing, agonizing effort 
 onward and upward. Can you look back on 
 loss that way? One of our legacies as men 
 Is suffering, and each heart bears its scar 
 or Its scars; you have had the cares of busi- 
 ness or the sorrows of home burned into 
 your heart. But your life lies ahead, not 
 back of you; and the success of the future 
 depends on your living It with every ounce 
 of power and Intensity which God gives to 
 you; that means living in the deed, not In 
 the dead; in the now, not In the then. An 
 Intensely active business man, who had seen 
 two fortunes slip from him because of 
 treachery and faithless friends, said to me 
 some years ago: 'I believe In God and know 
 that the best things are ahead; never mind 
 the past." As he has steadily risen he has 
 taught me a lesson wider than that of busi- 
 ness success or failure, the lesson of the 
 power of a lite concentrated on the future 
 as it flows Into the present, and not wasted 
 on the past as It glides hack into the dis- 
 tance. 
 
 "This does not mean that the past Is to 
 us as though it had never been. We are men 
 and women and the events and experiences 
 of the past have been chiseled Into our 
 lives in a way to affect. If not to mold our 
 characters. That dear one whom you laid 
 away, back In the years, Is more than a 
 memory to you; the loss taught you the 
 need of a kindliness which you did not know 
 before. That anxiety which ate at your 
 heart and kept your mind In unrest for 
 months and years Is not a thing of the past. 
 You, to-day, in your greater care, and your 
 wider forethought and Judgment, are the 
 product of that lesson. If living means 
 learning, and it must to men and women 
 who think; we need not turn back to yester- 
 day—yesterday is with us in everything 
 which touched us. To Illustrate: That young 
 man Is at work on a problem In trigonome- 
 try, and he fills a paper with formulae which 
 look to you and me like the alphabet mixed 
 up, playing at arithmetic. He solves it and 
 puts the book away. Now watch him as he 
 faces that engineering difficulty and grap- 
 ples with it: it shows that same old formula, 
 but he does not see the old book or his old 
 solution. The lettered symbols are lost sight 
 of in this angle, that curve, or the resultant 
 strain. Yesterday's lesson is to-day's power. 
 He may well forget the lesson and Its sur- 
 roundings, tor he Is the lesson. He has 
 forgotten the past in the wrestle of the pres- 
 ent. Then, there must have been something 
 of mistake in the past which Paul wanted to 
 forget in that same way. If God offered to 
 remember his sins no more, was Paul fool- 
 ish or wrong in wanting to forget them? Yet 
 those same sins had made their imprint upon 
 him and must ever be part of him. They 
 had been sins masquerading as virtues, and 
 his prido and Intolerance had been hit hard 
 on that day when he learned that he had 
 been intolerant of God In human form; that 
 day and Its lesson had mado of Saul of Tar- 
 sus Paul tho apostle. Yet he would not 
 brood over that mistake; It had reached and 
 changed him, and In the stress of present 
 duty he would turn from the mistakes of the 
 past, even though ho might himself be their 
 product. 
 
 "But under the term 'conservatism" lurks 
 many a thing which might well be forgotten. 
 Error doth frequently borrow the halo of 
 a.B;e to bedeck Itself and beguile the unwary. 
 We are to reverence ago — In whatever Is 
 right and true; age only adds a greater 
 weight of condemnation and a greater need 
 for destruction to that which Is false and 
 harmful. Many a church stands still be- 
 cause anchored to belief and methods of a 
 bygone day. The retiring President of the 
 Pan-Presbyterian convention of a fe^w years 
 ago was speaking on tho subject, 'Non- 
 church-golng' and he met the issue fairly 
 
 it from the surroundings. The writer starts and honestly and wisely at the very outsat 
 In, 'Rejoice in the Lord," and to his mind' as he said: 'Qentlemen, the main reason tOt 
 
04 
 
 THE MC KINLET MEMORIAli. 
 
 non-church-going is a non-going church.' 
 The lessons of the past must be in the 
 strength of the present; the stimulus of the 
 innumerable cloud of witnesses must be in 
 the zeal of the present workers; the power 
 of Pentecost must be in to-day's worli. else 
 we Bit as old men, whose work is done and 
 who, at the setting of their day's sun, are 
 looking back at a strong and active noon- 
 day, from a quiet, dying twilight. 
 
 "Still more deadly is that conservatism 
 which creeps Into each life, making us live 
 a life in which that which always has been 
 must always be — there can be nothing new 
 under the sun. As soon as you have seen 
 the shame of your never having spoken a 
 word for your Master. Christian; as soon as 
 you have realized the faithlessness in your 
 being slow to help those who. need. Christian; 
 as soon as you have learned that lesson and 
 have pleaded for fo-giveness on your knees, 
 Christian, in God's name forget that habit 
 and break loose from it ! There's a man who 
 never knew the Lord except in curses; forget 
 the past Inactivity of your life and introduce 
 him to your Master! There's a family in 
 need, and the wall of that infant is a prayer 
 to the Almighty: in His name forget that 
 you have always been slow to give to one of 
 the least of these His brethren, and answer 
 the prayer of that wail! Wherever there is 
 In your life a habit which bids you stand 
 aloof where God's world calls for help, which 
 bids you stand still when the cause of God 
 goes forward, which binds your tongue when 
 one of God's people, wandering in the dark- 
 ness, needs a guiding word, let Paul bring 
 his scalpel and cut that habit out, that, tor- 
 getting these things you may press on to 
 something nobler and more Godlike. 
 
 "There Is also something very pertinent 
 to the present situation of our country in 
 this thought; so much of the dark past to be 
 forgotten, that the bright future may be 
 made glorious. There are times when the 
 historian of a nation sleeps over years; there 
 are times when in a flash he must write vol- 
 umes because of great issues deflned and 
 great needs brought to mind by crushing 
 blows and cruel anguish. Please God the 
 latter shall be the case in these days of 
 mourning. Beneath the surface lie great 
 wrongs which need to be righted; more than 
 that, at our very hands are abuses which call 
 for our most careful and energetic action. 
 Shall the man occupying the highest office 
 at the disposal of this country, shall the of- 
 fice itself and the authority it should exert, 
 be pilloried upon the ridicule and hatred of 
 any Irresponsible and contemptible paper — 
 or Its irresponsible and contemptible propri- 
 etor? Shall 'the land of the free and the 
 home of the brave' define freedom as the 
 wildest license and bravery as the treacher- 
 ous slaying of the country's best friend? 
 Can our land with its power and its reserve 
 Of justice and intelligence, afford to permit 
 Blsgovernment within Its boundaries to go 
 
 unchallenged or good government to be 
 hounded? These are questions of the hour, 
 yet vital to the future, and the prosperity 
 and perpetuity of our country will depend in 
 no slight measure upon the way in which by 
 the help of God we learn our lesson, incor- 
 porate it into the national life and turning 
 from the past press on to a new mark, which 
 shall see this land Immanuel's land and shall 
 know the answer to that prayer, 'Thy will 
 be done.' 
 
 REV. DANIEL H. OVERTON. 
 
 The Rev. Daniel H. Overton preached Sun- 
 day evening in Greene Avenue Presbyterian 
 Church on "God in Cloud and Calamity- 
 Religious Results of Our President's Death," 
 taking for his text Exodus xix; 9; "And the 
 Lord said unto Moses: Lo, I come unto thee 
 in a thick cloud that the people may hear 
 when I speak with thee, and may also be- 
 lieve thee forever." Part of the sermon fol- 
 lows; 
 
 "It is a thick cloud that is over us. At 
 first we could only see its thickness and its 
 blackness. We saw only one form and face 
 in the cloud and that the form and face of 
 the demon who did the deed and brought the 
 cloud upon us. We heard the shot which, 
 like the shot on Sumter, was heard around 
 the world. We saw the demon face in the 
 cloud. We heard the words, 'I am an anar- 
 chist, and I have done my duty.' We saw 
 our President stricken down and then we 
 felt this thick black cloud that was over us. 
 The cloud lighted up with the light of hope 
 for a little and then settled upon us with the 
 darkness of death, and gloom and sorrow 
 and weeping were over the nation and over 
 the world. The cloud still hangs and will 
 not lift for many a day or year, but I am 
 sure we must see as we look at it now other 
 faces in that cloud and hear other voices. 
 
 "The first Is the face of our beloved Pres- 
 ident, but illumined now by the light of 
 heaven, against the dark background of the 
 cloud of death. And I hear his voice from 
 the cloud speaking the words that have 
 echoed and will echo around the world. 
 Listen — from that face illumined and from 
 those close set lips now parted in speech 
 for the last time on earth and from that 
 heart that warmed with love for every man 
 come the words that will be treasured and 
 powerful as long as memory lasts, as long 
 as history is read, as long as our nation 
 lives, 'Let no one hurt him." The forgive- 
 ness of the Christ is in those words. 
 
 "Listen again: 'My wife; be careful 
 about her; don't let her know.' Oh, 
 the tenderness of that great heart! the 
 
 thoughtfulness and care learned through 
 the years in the sick room and beside 
 that loving though invalid wife. I tell 
 you, brothers, those words speak to you and 
 to me and to every married man. They are 
 like the words of Christ on the cross: 'Wom- 
 an, behold thy Son; Son, behold thy mother." 
 
 "Listen again: 'I am sorry to have been 
 a cause of trouble to the exposition.' You, 
 a cause of trouble! Oh you great unselfish 
 soul! ever thoughtful of others, ever mind- 
 ful of their welfare and the welfare of the 
 institutions of this land. We will do well 
 to give to our Institutions his devotion. 
 
 "Listen yet again to the words that seem 
 to come out from the very heart of God and 
 from the spirit of Christ, and from 
 a most sublime faith: 'Goodby all, good- 
 by. It is God's way; His will be done.' 
 What a sublime faith they do declare! What 
 resignation! And out of the cloud and re- 
 sounding in all these words I hear the angel 
 refrain; 'Nearer, My God, to Thee, Nearer 
 to Thee.' And these words from the clouds 
 have brought us nearer to God — they must. 
 They lead us to see another face in the 
 cloud and to hear another voice speaking 
 from it. It is none other than the face and 
 voice of God Himself. What is the purpose 
 of the cloud and of the face and of the voice? 
 They are 'That the people may hear when 
 I speak.' God has been speaking to us all 
 the time, but we have not heard Him out 
 of the clear sky. His voice was drowned 
 by the voice of business, and commerce, and 
 greed, and gold, and we needed the cloud 
 to make us hear. We do not love this land 
 and its institutions as we ought and care 
 for them as we should. We buy yellow 
 journals and laugh at their gibes and jokes 
 and cartoons against our President and our 
 government, when we ought to have wept 
 and prayed, and liberty has turned to li- 
 cense, and license to lust, and lust to 
 anarchy and murder. And our people have 
 gone their selfish way away from God and 
 from His church, and they haven't loved God 
 as they ought nor supported His institutions 
 as they should, and we have needed the 
 cloud to emphasize the voice of God. 
 
 "Will we now hear? Will the nation hear? 
 Will the people hear? I do believe we ought 
 to have, in the light of this cloud and in 
 view of this awful calamity, and hearing 
 these voices speaking to us as they do from 
 it, a great revival of real, true, manly, Mc- 
 Kinley, Christian religion. Shall we or shall 
 we not? It depends upon us whether we 
 shall make of this a passing sentiment or a 
 permanent religious resultant in all the 
 land. Oh! I tell you, friends, there is only 
 one choice for us to make. We must choose 
 God .or anarchy. There is no sate middl* 
 ground. The voice from the cloud pro- 
 claims it." 
 
MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
Etflogy fcy Stephen V. White. 
 
 PEERLESS CABEER OF THE LATE PRESIDENT OUTLLNED BY AN INTIMATE FRIEND. 
 
 The s ivices In Plymouth Church Sunday 
 Bight. September 22, were a special memorial 
 to the late President McKlnley, the address 
 being delivered by S. V. White, who was a 
 fellow Congressman with Mr. McKinley . in 
 the Fiftieth Congress. He dealt with the late 
 President's personal and public relations. The 
 mourning decorations about the pulpit and 
 platrorm were marked for their beautiful sim- 
 plicity. They were Grecian in their general 
 design, and the lew small American flags with 
 which the black monotony was broken proved 
 very effective. At the base of the pulpit 
 stand were placed a cluster of purple asters 
 and white roses. The general design of the 
 mourning emblems was by Mr. White, who 
 superintended the work. 
 
 General Horatio C King presided at the 
 organ and played Chopin's "F\ineral March" 
 as a prelude, the postlude being an improvi- 
 sation. The offertory, composed by General 
 King, was "Light and Dark," and was sung 
 by Miss Helen Shearman Gue, contralto, 
 aided by Mrs. Smma King Gray, soprano; 
 Leon Morris, tenor, and A. M. Best, bass. 
 
 In his prayer Dr. Hillis referred to the be- 
 reavement that had befallen the country, and 
 In Introducing Mr. White, Dr. Hillis said that 
 the strongest eulogies delivered over the late 
 President had been made by his associates in 
 Congress, who knew him personally. Among 
 those most intimate with him was Mr. White, 
 who had been with him in the Fiftieth Con- 
 gress, and had associated with him enough to 
 appreciate his private character, which formed 
 his public life, and would speak of it. 
 
 Dr. Hillis read a cablegram from Wolver- 
 hampton Chapel extending to Plymouth 
 Church their sincere sympathy and condolence 
 in the loss the country had sustained in the 
 death of President McKinley. Dr. Hillis said 
 that with the permission of the church he 
 would, with the aid of the trustees, answer 
 the cablegram. 
 
 Mr. White made his address in an easy, 
 natural way, though toward the last he was 
 noticedably overcome by his feelings. He em- 
 phasized Mr. McKlnley's fidelity to every in- 
 terest entrusted to him, and said that was the 
 keynote to his success. He spoke in substance 
 as follows: 
 
 Mr. White's Address. 
 
 "My friends and neighbors — It Is no less a 
 sad privilege than it is my sacred duty to 
 appear before you to-night to speak of one 
 with whom my relations for a dozen years 
 were cordial and tor two years were close 
 and intimate. A great grief hae befallen us. 
 That grief has furnished aa inspiration for the 
 
 young men of tho country and of the world, 
 to build with nobler purposes, to aim for 
 higher planes in business ethics and in po- 
 litical life than they had before this sad be- 
 reavement fell upon us. 
 
 "My acquaintance with Mr. McKinley be- 
 gan in December, 1SS7. He was only Citi- 
 zen McKinley then. He was fllling his fifth 
 term in Congress and I came in to fill my 
 first and only term. 
 
 "Mr. McKinley was a large hearted man. 
 He realized that there was room enough for 
 him and for every other man in the world 
 who might be looking for honoi"able achieve- 
 ment in honorable pursuits. Although we 
 were personally unknown to each other when 
 I went there we became acquainted the first 
 day of the first session of the Fiftieth Con- 
 gress. Thanks to you, my friends of Plym- 
 outh Church, I went into those halls accred- 
 ited with the honor which attaches to the 
 name of Plymouth Church. I had been brev- 
 etted 'Deacon,' and although I grieve to say 
 the brevet was not conferred upon me for any 
 good word or work performed in this church, 
 for, indeed, the title came to me amid words 
 of bittarneBe spoken by a competitor in busi- 
 ness, yet wherever I went at that time, and 
 from that time to now, I have had the good 
 name cf Plymouth Church associated with me. 
 
 First Acquaintance 'With McKinley. 
 
 "At the time that my acquaintance began 
 with Mr. McKinley he had been and was a 
 great student of finance on the broad prin- 
 ciples governing international commerce. He 
 was not a man familiar with any of the 
 actual business activities of the world. He 
 could impart ihiormation and broaden the 
 scope and views of almost any man with 
 ■whom he might converse as to the great 
 basic principles of raising revenue and pro- 
 tecting industries, from the national 
 standpoint, and it was a privilege and 
 pleasure often enjoyed on my part to 
 take in, as far as my mind would, 
 the very large views which he enter- 
 tained and which he could state as force- 
 fully, perhaps, as any man who ever dis- 
 cussed those problems either on the stump 
 or in the halls of national debate. Mr. 
 McKinley longed to know the details of ac- 
 tual business in the great money center 
 from which I was accredited and on many 
 an occasion I felt a thrill of joy in the 
 belief that I was able to give him a view of 
 the world of finance in its active operation 
 in Wall street in return for the wise state- 
 ment which he made of measures leading 
 up to national prosperity, whereby there 
 should be achieved the highest national 
 greatness. 
 
 "I feel that I have already spent too much 
 time in the minor details of my personal 
 acquaintance with Mr. McKinley. We were 
 together the two years. He was returned 
 to the Fifty-first Congress and I returned 
 to my business in New York. From that 
 time onward I have known him as you have 
 known him— by his acluevementa. In that 
 
 Fifty-first Congress he passed the great 
 tariff bill which bore his name and which 
 became a law October 6, 1S90. In the year 
 1890 he was defeated for Congress, and in 
 1S91 was elected Governor of the State of 
 Ohio, to which office he was again returned 
 in 1S93. With what favor the voters of 
 Ohio regarded him may be best inferred from 
 the fact that in the first campaign for the 
 governorship he was elected by less than 
 22,000 majority, and in 1S93 he was elected' 
 by over 80,000. This result was achieved 
 after he had visited 85 out of 88 counties 
 in his state and traveled over 16,000 miles 
 and spoken 371 limes, to fully two millions 
 of people. 
 
 "The McKinley bill had received no fair 
 trial at the hands of the country. In 1890 
 the Democrats again swept the country and 
 in 1S95 the McKinley tariff law was super- 
 seded by the tariff law passed under the di- 
 rection of Wilson of West Virginia. Busi- 
 ness throughout the whole length and 
 breadth of the land was paralyzed by an 
 unsettled condition in regard to the free 
 coinage of silver and over the continual coin- 
 age of silver under the purchasing law in 
 respect to silver bullion, which was then in 
 force. The year 1892 brought a Democratic 
 executive into power, and while that con- 
 tinued there was no possibility of passing a 
 protective measure. And, as stated, the Mc- 
 Kinley law was repealed. 
 
 "The year 1S96 came, and with It Mr. Mc- 
 Kinley closed his term of office as Governor 
 of the State of Ohio. The boys had never 
 ceased to make the pun on words of the Mc- 
 Kinley bill and 'Bill' McKinley. and Mr. Mc- 
 Kinley entered the Republican convention 
 with great possibilities in his favor, and waa 
 nominated for the first office in the gift of 
 the people, amid the plaudits of assembled 
 thousands. He was elected. 
 
 "A tariff bill upon the general outlines al- 
 ways favored by Mr. McKinley was enacted, 
 and then began a transformation in Ameri- 
 can prosperity such as the world has never 
 seen or of which no dreamer had ever 
 dreamed. The silver heresy was killed. All 
 the money of the land was the best money, 
 and the commercial importance which the 
 United States should have assumed among 
 the nations of the world sprang into full 
 power. The transformation was beyond the 
 power of mind to conceive. In the four fiscal 
 years of the United States beginning with 
 .July 1. 1897. and ending with June 30. 1901, 
 the exports of merchandise from this country 
 exceeded the imports from other countries 
 by the sum of $2,354,757,388. During the 
 whole 120 years preceding Mr. McKlnley's 
 administration all the exports of the United 
 States had not exceeded the imports by so 
 much as $1,000,000,000. or on an average about 
 5S. 000. 000 per year. In those four years, un- 
 der the combined marvelous impulses of Mr. 
 McKinley's policy and of honest money, tho 
 influx of commercial wealth from other na- 
 tions was greater by 135 per cent, than all 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 BT 
 
 the prior influx In the history of the country, 
 and averaged about $590,000,000 per year. 
 
 McKinley's Little Experience With 
 Commercial Problem. 
 
 "I have said that Mr. McKinley had had 
 no experience in grappling with the actual 
 commercial problems of the merchant or 
 banker. 1 remember how he used to Inquire 
 about the method of payment of stocks, and 
 when I told him that an active house would 
 pay for from two to five millions of dollars 
 worth of stocks per day, and pay tor them 
 In money, day after day, he seemed lost in 
 amazement at the magnitude of the transac- 
 tions; but he had that within his brain and 
 heart at that time in the way of work for 
 his country which should bring to America 
 from the other nations during four years of 
 his administration an honest treasure, hon- 
 estly won, by combined toil and enterprise, 
 of more than ?1. 600. 000 every day, including 
 Sundays and holidays. 
 
 "But that great man. in whose heart there 
 ■was abounding love for all and malice toward 
 none, was called upon to administer the af- 
 fairs of this country in complications which 
 were sudden and grave, wrought with bitter 
 anxiety and vain attempts to avert the shed- 
 ding of blood. You all know the history of 
 the terrible three years which followed hard 
 upon the sinking of the Maine. You know 
 how Cuba had been the theater of oppression 
 and outrage and injustice unknown almost 
 among the nations of the world in the his- 
 tory of the century. You remember how the 
 voices of starving women and children called 
 across the waters from Cuba to our shores 
 tor redress. Y'ou know the feeling of sym- 
 pathy which led many wise and good men 
 to believe that forbearance much longer 
 would be a sin against humanity. And with 
 this condition of affairs in Cuba, and this 
 anxiety and sympathy in the minds of good 
 .Americans, on one fateful night the Maine, 
 a friendly ship making a friendly visit in 
 the port of a nation with which we were at 
 peace, was sunk by hidden torpedoes ovei 
 which she was anchored in Havana harbor. 
 Y'ou remember that the American people 
 waited only until it should be jdetermined 
 that the vessel was surely blown up by tor- 
 pedoes treacherously placed and exploded, 
 carrying down a noble ship and still nobler 
 lives of American citizens, when the voice of 
 the people demanded the punishment of 
 Spain and the liberation of Cuba. You know 
 how Mr. McKinley. who had himself wit- 
 nessed the horrors of war. vainly strove to 
 avert the shedding of blood in a war with 
 Spain. Y'ou remember that the poople and 
 the Congress would not wait. And so with- 
 out any adequate preparation war was de- 
 clared, and Mr. McKinley, the commander- 
 in-chief of the Army and Navy of the United 
 States, was confronted with conditions more 
 grave than ever had confronted a President, 
 save only the martyred Lincoln. 
 
 '■Prototmdly impressed with the awfulness 
 of the situation. Mr. McKinley took up the 
 sword and set the forces by land and sea In 
 array against the forces of Spain. 
 
 The Opening of the War With Spain. 
 
 "The responsibility for the commencement 
 of hostilities rested on the American people; 
 the responsibility for the conduct of the war 
 rested on President .McKinley. 
 
 "Do you ask me who it was that sent the 
 forces of the American Navy, then in the 
 Asiatic squadron, into .Manila Bay? I an- 
 swer it was William McKinley, Commander- 
 in-chief of the Army and Navy of the United 
 States. 
 
 "Uo you ask me who it was that on May 1, 
 1898, whelmed the fleet in .Manila Bay and 
 sunk It. I answer, giving all credit to the 
 brave Admiral who commanded in the action, 
 and the brave men who manned the guns 
 which sunk the fleet, that the act was the 
 act of William McKinley, Commander-in- 
 Chief of the Army and Navy of the United 
 States. 
 
 "Do you ask me who It was that landed our 
 brave boys in blue and scaled the San Juan 
 hill, compelling the capitulation of the Span- 
 ish forces in all of Eastern Cuba? I answer 
 that while the due meed of praise must be 
 
 rendered to every brave boy who rushed up 
 that hill, carrying our colors to victory, 
 from the Colonel of the Rough Riders down 
 to the youngest drummer boy in the list, still 
 the act was the act of William McKinley, 
 Commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy 
 of the United States. 
 
 "The conduct of the war from start to finish 
 devolved upon Mr. McKinley. He took it 
 up sorrowfully because it Involved the sacri- 
 fice of human life, the good and the bad 
 suffering alike In the horrible holocaust ot 
 war. You will turn to the pages of history 
 and look through them in vain to find an 
 example of military achievement which shall 
 equal the achievements of Mr. McKinley as 
 he carried on to a successful termination 
 this campaign by land and sea. 
 
 "Spain capitulated and sued for peace. 
 Commissioners were appointed who met in 
 Paris to consult as to the terras of surren- 
 der and the penalty which should be im- 
 posed upon the vanquished nation. They ar- 
 rived at a determination satisfactory to 
 Spain and satisfactory to the United States. 
 The mailed hand was strong enough, as 
 everybody knew, to have exacted all the 
 territory over which the flag of the United 
 States had been advanced, without the pay- 
 ment of a cent. President McKinley was in 
 constant touch with the Commissioners. He 
 desired that the vengeance of war should be 
 tempered with mercy and with kindness to 
 the aggressive and defeated Spaniard. 
 With this concurrence the Commissioners 
 decided that we should retain Porto Rico and 
 the Philippines, Porto Rico being given as 
 the penalty for the wrong and Injury In- 
 flicted by Spain, and the Philippines being 
 paid for at a fair market value for the ter- 
 ritory over which the government of Spain 
 had been wiibdrawn and the government of 
 the United States had been substituted by an 
 act of war. This payment to Spain was an 
 act of sorrowful magnanimity toward a fallen 
 and bankrupt foe. Twenty millions of dol- 
 lars paid iuto the coffers of Spain to relieve 
 the embarra=!S'Tients brought on by misgov- 
 ernr.ifnt and by. a disastrous war were like 
 draughts of water to a famishing man. The 
 maernanimity was realized and accepted by 
 Sp.a!n in the great spirit in which it was 
 tiven. And thus matters stood when the 
 Senate of the United States convened in 
 December, ISOS. The treaty had been rati- 
 fied by Rjiain. To become effective it must 
 be ratified by the Senate of the United 
 States. 
 
 The Opposition to the Peace Treaty. 
 
 "And now the sorrowing President, who 
 had been upborne, as I believe, by a Divine 
 hand during the suffering and horrors of 
 war while that war raged, was confronted 
 with sorrows yet greater and farther reach- 
 ing than any that had befallen him before. 
 There sprunjg up throughout the country and 
 in the Senate of the United Slates an oppo- 
 sition to the ratification of this treaty. It 
 it had received immediate consideration and 
 ratification I believe as firmly as I believe 
 any fact not susceptible of demonstration 
 that' the entire body of the Philippine inhab- 
 itants would have accepted the government 
 of the United States with the same hearty 
 acceptance which the people of Porto Rico 
 bestowed. Its passage was delayed In the 
 United States Senate, in which there Is no 
 cloture rule, and therefore no means of forc- 
 ing a vote. Days lengthened into weeks and 
 weeks into months before it was ratified. 
 
 "In the meantime Agulnaldo had conceived 
 the plan of seizing the government of the 
 Philippines and establishing himself as dic- 
 tator, or emperor, or ruler of some kind. 
 He did not hesitate to form plans of aggres- 
 sion against the United Stales government 
 which put that territory in rebellion. 
 
 "He did not stop at the ordinary bounds 
 of civilized warfare, but formulated the plan 
 to cut off, root and branch, all foreigners 
 that might be domiciled in the Philippine 
 Islands, both European and American. Mr. 
 McKinley was confronted with a solemn 
 duty under the obligations of International 
 law to protect those Inhabitants. The Army 
 and Navy, under his direction had destroyed 
 the established forms of government, had 
 driven out the Spanish rulers, and there were 
 tens of thousands of foreigners, for the most 
 
 part European, engaged In trade In Manila 
 and other islands. Having broken down the 
 form of government which had been the pro- 
 tection of these citizens of other countrlei 
 he was bound by the unwritten code of in- 
 ternational diplomacy to protect the citizens 
 from about whom he had withdrawn the 
 guarantees of civilization. The treaty was 
 ratified after rebellion had been inaugurated, 
 and the Army and Navy of the United States 
 had the added task given to them of sup- 
 pressing rebellion and maintaining the honor 
 and dignity of the American flag. 
 
 "And then came added sorrows to Mr. Mc- 
 Kinley. The allies and accomplices of 
 Agulnaldo and his rebel supporters in the 
 United States set up a hue and cry against 
 a war ot conquest and against a government 
 without the consent of the governed. And 
 they furnished all the aid and comfort pos- 
 sible to strengthen the hands of the rebel- 
 lion in the islands. This was bad enough, 
 but where they were mere accomplices, 
 while they Impeded the President In his 
 policy, they did not wound him at heart. 
 But Mr. McKinley was called upon to feel 
 'how sharper than a serpent's tooth It Is' 
 to have his own personal and party friends, 
 who. In the days preceding the Spanish War 
 had been his friends and advisers, turn 
 against him and his policy, criticising not 
 only his methods but his motives. He never 
 spoke a word of unkindness in retaliatloa 
 against those who misconstrued him, and, 
 let us hope, unintentionally maligned him, 
 and I shall not. Let these men alone with 
 their consciences before God. It shall be as 
 far from my purpose as it was from Mr. 
 McKinley's to pass judgment on the motives 
 and hearts of men who through long lives 
 had given evidences of patriotism and pliU> 
 anthropy. 
 
 The Second Campaign. 
 
 ".\nd then came, before the rebellion wa« 
 subdued, another Presidential campaign, 
 with the party cry of imperialism raised by 
 ward politicians, by party heelers, and all 
 the usual opponents of a competing party, 
 backed by the exclusiveness of Harvard Col- 
 lege icy culture and the hair splitting con- 
 stitutional commentators of some of our law 
 schools. All these things were speedily 
 seized upon and enlarged by men. In many 
 instances by good men who seemed to bs 
 sufl'ering from fatty enlargement of the con- 
 science. Sensational newspapers called to 
 their aid the ablest and worst caricaturists, 
 and the sweet face of Mr. McKinley was dis- 
 torted into the lineaments of a Nero, with 
 crown on head and mingled brutal sensuality 
 and Inane stupidity vailing his features. 
 
 "The golden stream of prosperity which had 
 flowed unbroken into American coffers un- 
 der the benign influences of Mr. McKinley's 
 policies In caring for American industry and 
 in securing the soundest currency had made 
 the .A.merican people rich beyond the dream 
 of avarice. This treasure thus brought to 
 the most favored people which history has 
 ever known had furnished capital for organ- 
 izations larger than any in which other peo- 
 ples had ever embarked, and commercial en- 
 terprises gigantic in extent, in which Mr. 
 McKinley had no more Interest than the 
 humblest citizen now within the sound of 
 my voice, were formed and put In successful 
 operation. Even this fortunate condition of 
 the American people was used to turn to 
 ridicule the great mind which had contribut- 
 ed so largely to bring to us our national 
 prosperity. 
 
 Yellow Journals and Anarchy. 
 "Our prosperity was depicted by a colossal, 
 obese figure, and our President bore the 
 lineaments ot a halt witted. prematurely old 
 child, and the whole was labeled 'WUUa 
 and His Papa.' Mr. McKinley was tar too 
 great to be affected by such scurrilous and 
 malignant attacks. I dislike much to make 
 any comparison which should place that great 
 loving heart In a category with anything that 
 preys upon any other created thing. But the 
 comparison is so apposite in the other branch 
 of the simile that I cannot refrain from 
 stating here that those cartoons did not af- 
 fect him any more than would so many ] 
 
58 
 
 THE MC KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 grel curs baying at a sleeping Bengal tiger. 
 But they had their effect in the muffled hand 
 and the death dealing pistol which rung out 
 on that 6th oi September when the treacher- 
 ous viper, holding out his hand In the grasp 
 of friendship, struclc down the President. 
 
 "Mr. McKinley's statesmanship was many 
 sided. Thus far I have spoken only of the 
 good he wrought for his own country. But 
 as a diplomat through the most trying times 
 of modern history his voice, expressed 
 through our officers of state and our for- 
 eign ambassadors, transferred America from 
 a power of third rate influence to the front 
 rank of the nations of the world. Let us 
 never forget that in that troubled country 
 in the far East, when all representatives of 
 foreign governments, together with all the 
 Christian missionaries of Peking, were shut 
 inside of heleaguered walls, when the con- 
 sensus of the world was that they had al- 
 ready been cut off, it was Mr. McKln- 
 ley who tried a forlorn hope in having the 
 State Department send a message to our 
 ambassador at Peking which should disclose 
 whether they were still alive. With the 
 8»-operatioa of that honored ambassador 
 from China, Mr. Wu, he sent a dispatch and 
 received an answer from our minister show- 
 ing that they were still alive. Some of our 
 home papers, and the foreign papers almost 
 universally, scoffed at the idea that Ameri- 
 ca had achieved this great undertaking. But 
 the word was flashed from every capital on 
 the globe through to Tientsin to 'press on; 
 our ambassadors are still alive.' With the 
 bravery which belongs to education and cul- 
 ture in whatever nation they may be found 
 the column swept on irresistibly from Tien- 
 tsin to Peking, and arrived when the supply 
 of mule meat was down to almost the last 
 scanty morsel, and the Stars and Stripes 
 and the cross of St. Andrew and St. George 
 and the tricolor of Franca and the ensigns 
 of Italy and Russia and Germany spread the 
 protecting aegis of the civilized world over 
 those men and women and gave them back to 
 country and to family and to the service of 
 Ood. 
 
 "These facts may have been forgotten in 
 the hurry and bustle of our business lives, 
 but every civilized government know-s them 
 and will remember them, and history will re- 
 flord them and transmit them down through 
 the ages to the last syllable of recorded 
 time. 
 
 McKinley and the Chinese Trouble. 
 
 "The diplomacy of Mr. McKinley In the 
 Chinese embroglio did not end with this 
 signal service to mankind. His was the 
 American voice, and the American voice was 
 In favor of leniency and forgiveness and the 
 perpetuation of Chinese autonomy as one of 
 tjie governments of the world. And as the 
 years shall pass by, and commerce shall 
 spread her sails and drop her anchors at 
 the open door down through the generations, 
 the Infli.enco of America will have been 
 made a perpetual blessing to civilization and 
 to humanity. 
 
 "Mr. McKinley's statesmanship was not 
 rounded out alone by the benign prosperity 
 which his administration brought nor by the 
 foreign diplomacy to which I have referred. 
 
 "Mr. McKinley as a boy only 18 years of 
 age had gone to the front as a common 
 soldier. For more than lour full years he 
 had tried conclusions with his fellow coun- 
 trymen in the South in the terrible arbitra- 
 ment of war. Fifteen years later, when he 
 had entered the halls of Congress, he faced 
 the men who had worn the gray In the com- 
 
 mittee room and on the floors of Congress 
 as he had faced them before on the battle- 
 field. He knew them to be brave; he knew 
 them to be honest; he knew them to be 
 honorable and faithful to a trust. He knew 
 that they had been misguided In placing 
 state rights above federal government, and 
 he yearned to bring together the solidarity 
 of this country in truth and in fact as it was 
 in name. The opportunity was afforded him 
 early in the Spanish War. The sons of 
 Southern veterans vied in the race with the 
 sons of the Northern veterans to offer their 
 services in upholding the country's flag. Mr. 
 McKinley, with the great mind to grasp and 
 the great heart to feel his opportunity, said 
 to men tried in battle on the Confederate 
 side in our great conflict: 'Help me with your 
 counsels in this war,' and he ccmmissioned 
 Fighting Joe Wheeler, and FItz Hugh Lee, 
 and others distinguished by their services to 
 the Confederate states, and said to the War 
 Department: 'Give opportunity on merit for 
 every brave man from Texas, from Virginia, 
 from New York, from Ohio, from everywhere, 
 to strike for his country's honor.' It melted 
 all America and forged the bands which shall 
 bind together each state with every other 
 state in this Union till never agaia can fra- 
 ternal strife burst those bands. 
 
 "I should be unworthy of the privilege of- 
 speaking from this platform it I permitted 
 the lesson cf McKinlc-y's life and McKinley"'s 
 death to pass by without a word to the young 
 men who may be present this evening and to 
 those who may read my words hereafter. 
 
 A Peerless Career. 
 
 "To my mind, Mr. McKinley's career, taken 
 as a whole, is peerless among the examples 
 of American manhood. He was the child of 
 humble parentage. Early in lite he became 
 a widow's son. Early in life the call to arms 
 tor the upholding of the national honor and 
 the national integrity aad the national flag 
 rang out, and without hesitation, boy as he 
 was, he w'ent to the front. He was too young 
 then to hold positions of responsibility, al- 
 though not too young to spend days in forced 
 marches and nights on the picket line, doing 
 with fidelity the duty that was present with 
 him. Oh W'Onderful transformation that was 
 to come simply from the continued perform- 
 ances of present duty! Did that lonely boy, 
 guarding the picket line and exchanging shots 
 in the darkness with the opposing picket 
 guard, ever in his vigils in the weary hours 
 have a presentiment of the day when he 
 should be the comznander-ia-chiet of the 
 Army and Navy of the most powerful nation 
 on the globe? Oh, young men of America, 
 remember the precept 
 
 "Sce'st thou a man diliRent In his business; he 
 Bhall stand before kings; he shall not stand before 
 mean men. 
 
 "It Is not necessary, nor sensible for any 
 young man to set his heart and mind on be- 
 coming a President, or a Governor of a state. 
 Let him do present duty faithfully, honor- 
 ably, honestly, and the reward shall come to 
 every one according to his environment and 
 his ability; in the confidence of neighbors. In 
 trusts imposed and faithfully discharged, in 
 a voice potent for good in the sphere In which 
 he may be called to act. And when the sum- 
 mons comes to such an one, even though a 
 whole nation may not know and mourn for 
 his death, yet his name shall live for his In- 
 fluence for God and humanity, shall extend 
 on and on through successors who Imbibe his 
 
 spirit in life, and the successors of his suc- 
 cessors who imbibe theirs. 
 
 McKinley in the Church. 
 
 "President McKinley, in the church rela- 
 tions of his eminent Christian life, was a 
 Methodist. Has it occurred to you since ho 
 has gone hence, that his death was the alem- 
 bic In which was fused that Christian unity of 
 which dreamers have dreamed and prophets 
 have longed for and dimly foretold? Our 
 President was a Protestant of Protestants, 
 but first among the religious demonstrations 
 throughout the world came the message of 
 sympathy from the Pope, and prayers were 
 ordained and directed and celebrated by 
 every archbishop throughout the broad do- 
 main of the Church of Rome. The President 
 was an humble follower of the religious pre- 
 cepts of John Wesley, that arch dissenter 
 from the Church of England; but on his fu- 
 neral day, by order of the prelates of the 
 English Church, services were not only or- 
 dained for the day, but they were held hack 
 to the hour and the minute when the services 
 should be held in America. So that the 
 prayers of shouting Methodists in the groves 
 and on the prairies of the American frontier 
 were made to mingle with the stately ser- 
 vices of the Litany in Westminster Abbey 
 and St. Paul's Cathedral in a chorus of 
 mourning and prayers for forgiveness; and 
 then as it were for the first time the portals 
 of Heaven at the same second of recorded 
 time resounded with the petitions of pious 
 men and women throughout the world, no 
 longer dividefi bv tenet.=> of faith, or forms 
 of belief. 
 
 "But I must hasten to a close. No one of 
 you, in thinking of Mr. McKinley's life, can 
 fail to have present with you the loving 
 tenderness which was ever present with him 
 for his partner in domestic life. That lite 
 was so conspicuous in the husband's unselfish 
 devotion to one upon whom sickness had 
 laid its grievous hand, that to attempt to 
 describe it would detract from the apprecia- 
 tion in which every true and noble mind now 
 holds it. Let it alone, wreathed in the halo 
 of its own spotless purity. 
 
 "Of Mr. McKinley's death I cannot speak. 
 A French essayist put on record the state- 
 ment that 'Socrates died like a philosopher, 
 but Jesus Christ like a God.' I can only say 
 of Mr. McKinley's death that he died as died 
 the Saviour of the world — blessing them that 
 wrought his death, and praying that the 
 Father's will be done. 
 
 "May I close by giving expression to a 
 sicgle thought which has been borne in on 
 me with irresistible force as I have read and 
 thought of his tragic end. 
 
 "He wa3 a man who had sounded all the 
 heights and depths of human activity and 
 of human honor. As a child he knew a life 
 of toil. As a youth he knew the hardsips ot 
 warfare as he drank from the 'common can- 
 teen of the soldier.' As a student he had felt 
 the anxieties for success in a coming profes- 
 sion. As a legislator he had striven for posi- 
 tion, and had met both defeat and success. 
 As a statesman he had heard the plaudits 
 of enthusii.stic supporters when he had 
 reached the goal ot his ambition. For more 
 than four years and a half he had held hon- 
 ors greater than which the world cannot 
 offer. 
 
 "In his high estate he was struck down and 
 brought face to face with the grim destroyer. 
 He felt the chill of death steal over his 
 frame and freeze his blood. With failing 
 earthly vision he saw the grandeur ot this 
 v;orld vanishing. Then turning from the 
 greatness of earth to the bliss beyond he 
 softly murmured 'Nearer, My God. to Thee, 
 Nearer to Thee,' and his llfework wa» 
 ended." 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL^ 
 
 59 
 
 9Mmm<mmi^wsmn 
 
 Ti»ibtites In Vei»se. 
 
 THOU WHO ART LEFT TO WAIT. 
 
 Wli.v dost thou weep that Death came unto him, 
 
 V^'ho walked beside thee on the path of Life? 
 Let tears of thanlifulness thy heart o'erbriin, 
 
 That his loyal soul awaits thee where no strife 
 May enter. Death struck wisely in an hour 
 
 When multitudes of followmen might see 
 How one with all the pride of earthly Power 
 
 Cculd strong and rerereut bow to Destiny! 
 Take pride and comfort in thy hero's death! 
 
 Teaching God's mercy to each living soul- 
 Teaching Sod's strength with the last fainting breath 
 
 A'ouchsafed him ere he passed into the Goal! 
 lie lived for thee: he died tliat All might know 
 
 ^^"hat will await when the last hour draws near; 
 God's blessing on the souls that seek Him so, 
 
 Sublime in faith, absolved of doubt and fear! 
 O weep no more, thou who art left to wait! 
 
 In patience bear the burden God hath laid 
 Ipjn thy tender soul, until His Gate 
 
 Swings inward to admit thee unafraid! 
 
 GERALD RUTLEDGB. 
 
 SPARE NOT THY TEARS. 
 
 Columbia, bow thy head, spare not of tears, 
 Nor call of duty nor the trump of fame 
 Nor wail of sorrow nor the charge of blame 
 
 Can now avail, the chief no longer hears, 
 
 Thy son, twice honored of a nation's peers, 
 Lies cold and silent; softly breathe liis name. 
 While on thy visage rests a cloud of shame. 
 
 One so should pass whom history's page endears. 
 
 Jlourn, fair Columbia, since there is cause 
 For all the depth and passion of thy grief; 
 Toll, toll the bells, while in the sacred glow 
 Of choir and chancel distant kindreds pause 
 .\nd join thy departed chief. 
 In sympathy of peoples, with thy woe. 
 
 U. A. CUMING. 
 
 'WnCtlAM MC KINLEY. 
 
 Wlicn bad men die, we grieve that they should go 
 On journeys ending in such certain woe; 
 Wlien good men die, we sorrow scarcely less 
 Tl-.at earth their presence may no longer bless. 
 But grief or teai-s change not God's simple plan- 
 Two homes awaiting only choice of man; 
 Two gates that open to a ceaseless throng — 
 An endless sorrow or eternal song. 
 But even though our vision may be dim 
 With tears that gather as wo think of him 
 Whoso simple virtues not one life may span— 
 The honored statesman and the Christian man- 
 Welcomed we see him, love encompassed, stand, 
 A better Christian in a better land. 
 
 S. B. LBVERICH. 
 
 MC KINLEY LIVES! 
 
 McKinley dead! And do we dream or rave? 
 What hath he done, forsooth, tell me who can. 
 That he should die, this Brother of his Land? 
 Hath Death no modesty toward such a man? 
 But yesterday his smile was kindly bent. 
 But yesterday his grasp was warmly lent, 
 But yesterday his voice was firm and clear, 
 To-day we stand, awe-stricken, by his bier. 
 
 McKinley dead! Bring forth the sable plume, 
 And rear his funeral-car Olympus high; 
 Spread wide the waving palm, with tears bedewed, 
 Prom East to West and distant Luzon's sky; 
 Deep drape the flag on every stately tower, 
 And let the music of this tragic hour 
 Be cannon-throated thunders from afar — 
 The pledge of peace, the memory of war. 
 
 McKinley dead! Rejoice for fame he won, 
 And mingle with the oak the laurel spray; 
 Encompass him with wreaths that wither not, 
 Though centuries wane and dynasties decay; 
 Cai-ve broad and beautiful a lasting shrine. 
 Where grandeur and simplicity combine — 
 Meet symbol of his great and gentle soul, 
 Who made the Country's Good his perfect whole. 
 
 McKinley dead! Ah, no! His life sublime 
 A glorious immortality assures; 
 Enthroned in love within the nation's heart, 
 Witli Washington and Lincoln he endures; 
 .\nd ages yet unborn shall waft his name 
 To further ages, and his worth proclaim. 
 McKinley lives! Repeat the gladsome cry- 
 He lives! He lives! Nor can he ever die. 
 
 MILO DEYO. 
 
 IN THE HOUR OF DEATH. 
 
 "Light! More light!" 
 
 Prayed the Illustrious Goethe when he died 
 
 .\ua some believe those words implied: 
 
 His soul was groping in the gloom of night, 
 
 When from its broken clay 
 
 It was to wing Its way. 
 
 "Nearer, My God, to Thee!" 
 
 Sweet parting words to hear 
 
 From one your heart holds dear! 
 
 Oh, happy soul, who ere it soars away 
 
 Discerns the light of everlasting day! 
 
 How blessed and sweet, 
 
 When called to meet 
 
 Eternity's dread mystery, 
 
 Your soul can whisper with serenity: 
 
 "Nearer, My God, to Theel" 
 
 JOHN VOLK. 
 
60 
 
 THE MO KINLEI MEMORIAL. 
 
 President McKlnley's Last Speech. 
 
 DEIIVEEED IN THE ESPLANADE AT THE EXPOSITION IN BUFFALO TRADE EXPANSION. 
 
 GREATEB, MERCHANT MARINE A BROAD AMERICAN POLICY. 
 
 On being introduced by President Milburn, President McKinley said: 
 
 President Milburn, Director General Bu- 
 chanan, Commissioners, Ladies and Gentle- 
 men — I am glad to again be in the City oJ 
 Butfalo and exchange greetings with her peo- 
 ple, to whose generous hospitality I am not a 
 stranger, and with whose good will I have 
 heen repeatedly and signally honored. To- 
 day I have additional satisfaction in meeting 
 and giving welcome to the foreign represent- 
 atives assembled here, whose presence and 
 participation in this exposition have contrib- 
 uted in BO marked a degree to Its interest 
 and success. To the Commissioners of the 
 Dominion of Canada and the British Colo- 
 ales, the French Colonies, the republics of 
 Mexico and of Central and South America, 
 and the Commissioners of Cuba and Porto 
 Rico, who share with us in this undertaking, 
 we give the hand of fellowship and felicitate 
 with them upon the triumphs of art, science, 
 education and manufacture, which the old 
 has bequeathed to the new century. 
 
 Expositions are the timekeepers of prog- 
 ress. They record the world's advancement. 
 They stimulate the energy, enterprise and 
 intellect of the people, and quicken human 
 genius. They go into the home. They broad- 
 en and brighten the daily life of the people. 
 They open mighty storehouses of informa- 
 tion to the student. Every exposition, great 
 or Email, has helped to some onward step. 
 
 Comparison of ideas is always educational, 
 and as such instructs the brain and hand of 
 men. Friendly rivalry follows, which is the 
 spur to Industrial Improvement, the Inspira- 
 tion to useful Invention and to high endeavor 
 in all departments of human activity. It 
 exacts a study of the wants, comforts, and 
 even the whims of the people, and recognizes 
 the efficacy of high quality and low prices 
 to win their favor. The quest for trade is 
 an Incentive to men of business to devise, 
 invent. Improve, and economize in the cost 
 of production. Business life, whether among 
 ourselves or with other peoples, is ever a 
 sharp struggle for success. It will be none 
 the less so in the future. Without competi- 
 tion we would be clinging to the clumsy and 
 antiquated processes of farming and manu- 
 facture, and the methods of business of long 
 ago, and the twentieth would be no further 
 advanced than the eighteenth century. But 
 though commercial competitors we are, com- 
 mercial enemies we must not be. 
 
 The Pan-American Exposition has done its 
 work thoroughly, presenting in its exhibits 
 evidences of the highest skill and illustrating 
 the progress ot the human family in the 
 western hemisphere. This portion of the 
 «arth ?iae no cause tor humiliation for the 
 
 part it has performed in the march of civili- 
 zation. It has not accomplished everything; 
 far from it. It has simply done Its best, and 
 without vanity or boastfulness, and recog- 
 nizing the manifold achievements of others, 
 it invites the friendly rivalry of all the Pow- 
 ers in the peaceful pursuits of trade and 
 commerce, and will co-operate with all In ad- 
 vancing the highest and best interests ot 
 humanity. The wisdom and energy of all 
 the nations are none too great for the world's 
 ^ork. The success of art, science, industry, 
 and Invention is an international asset, and a 
 common glory. 
 
 After all, how near one to the other is 
 every part ot the world. Modern inventions 
 have brought into close relation widely sep- 
 arated peoples and made them better ac- 
 quainted. Geographic and political divisions 
 will continue to exist, but distances have 
 been effaced. Swift ships and fast trains are 
 becoming cosmopolitan. They invade fields 
 which a few years ago were Impenetrable. 
 The world's products are exchanged as never 
 before and with increasing transportation 
 facilities come increasing knowledge and 
 larger trade. Prices are fixed with mathe- 
 matical precision by supply and demand. 
 The world's selling prices are regulated by 
 market and crop reports. W'e travel greater 
 distances in a shorter space of time and with 
 more ease than was ever dreamed of by the 
 fathers. Isolation Is no longer possible or 
 desirable. The same important news is read, 
 though In different languages, the same day 
 in all Christendom. 
 
 The telegraph keeps us advised ot what 
 Is occurring everywhere, and the press fore- 
 shadows, with more or less accuracy, the 
 plans and purposes of the nations. Markst 
 prices of products and ot securities are hour- 
 ly known in every commercial mart, and the 
 investments ot the people extend beyond 
 their own national boundaries into the re- 
 motest parts of the earth. Vast transactions 
 are conducted and international exchanges 
 are made by the tick of the cable. Every 
 event of interest is immediately bulletined. 
 The quick gathering and transmission ot 
 news, like rapid transit, are of recent origin, 
 and are only made possible b*/ the genius of 
 the inventor and the courage of the Investor. 
 [ It took a special messenger of the Govern- 
 ment, with every facility known at the time 
 for rapid travel, nineteen days to go from 
 the City of Washiiigton to New Orleans with 
 a message to General Jackson that the war 
 with England had ceased and a treaty of 
 peace had been signed. How different now. 
 We reached General Miles, In Porto Rico, 
 and he was able through the military tele- 
 
 graph to stop his army on the firing line with 
 the message that the United States and Spain 
 had signed a protocol suspending hostilities. 
 We knew almost instantly of the first shots 
 fired at Santiago, and the subsequent sur- 
 render of the Spanish forces was known at 
 Washington within less than an hour of its 
 consummation. The first ship of Cervera's 
 fleet had hardly emerged from that historic 
 harbor when the fact was flashed to our 
 Capitol, and the swift destruction that fol- 
 lowed was announced immediately through 
 the wonderful medium ot telegraphy. 
 
 So accustomed are we to sate and easy 
 communication with distant lands that Its 
 temporary interruption, even In ordinary 
 times, results in loss and Inconvenience. We 
 shall never forget the days ot anxious wait- 
 ing and suspense when no information was 
 permitted to be sent from Peking, and the 
 diplomatic representatives ot the nations in 
 China, cut oft from all communication, inside 
 and outside ot the walled capital, were sur- 
 rounded by an angry and misguided mob 
 that threatened their lives; nor the joy that 
 thrilled the world when a single message 
 from the Government of the United States 
 brought through our Minister the first news 
 ot the safety of the besieged diplomats. 
 
 At the beginning ot the nineteenth century 
 there was not a mile of steam railroad on the 
 globe; now there are enough miles to make 
 its circuit many times. Then there was not 
 a line ot electric telegraph; now we have a 
 vast mileage traversing all lands and all 
 seas. God and man have linked the nations 
 together. No nation can longer be indiffer- 
 ent to any other. And as we are brought 
 more and more in touch with each other, the 
 less occasion is there for misunderstandings, 
 and the stronger the disposition, when we 
 have differences, to adjust them in the court 
 of arbitration, which is the noblest forum 
 tor the settlement ot international disputes. 
 
 My fellow citizens, trade statistics indi- 
 cate that this country is in a state of un- 
 exampled prosperity. The figures are almost 
 appalling. They show that we are utilizing 
 our fields and forests and mines, and that we 
 are furnishing profitable employment to the 
 millions of workingmen throughout the 
 United States, bringing comfort and happi- 
 ness to their homes, and making it possible 
 to lay by savings for old age and disability. 
 That all the people are participating in this 
 great prosperity is seen in every American 
 community and shown by the enormous and 
 unprecedented deposits In our savings banks. 
 Our duty In the care and security of these 
 deposits and their safe investment demands 
 the highest Integrity and the best busineM 
 
THE MC KINLET MEMORIAL. 
 
 61 
 
 eapaclty of those In charge of these deposi- 
 tories of the people's earnings. 
 
 We have a vast and Intricate business, 
 built up through years of toll and struggle. 
 In which every part of the country has its 
 stake, which will not permit of either neg- 
 lect or of undue selfishness. No narrow, sor- 
 did policy will subserve it. The greatest 
 Bkill and wisdom on the part of manufactur- 
 ers and producers will be required to hold 
 and increase it. Our industrial enterprises, 
 which have grown to such great proportions, 
 affect the homes and occupations of the peo- 
 ple and the welfare of the country. Our ca- 
 pacity to produce has developed so enor- 
 mously and our products have so multiplied 
 that the problem of more markets requires 
 our urgent and Immediate attention. Only 
 a broad and enlightened policy will keep 
 what we have. No other policy will get 
 more. In these times of marvelous business 
 energy and gain we ought to be looking to 
 the future, strengthening the weak places in 
 our industrial and commercial systems, that 
 we may be ready for any storm or strain. 
 
 By sensible trade arrangements which will 
 cot Interrupt our home production we shall 
 extend the outlets for our Increasing surplus. 
 A system which provides a mutual exchange 
 of commodities Is manifestly essential to the 
 continued and healthful growth of our e.^port 
 trade. We must not repose in fancied se- 
 curity that we can forever sell everything 
 and buy little or nothing. If such a thing 
 were possible it would not be best for us or 
 for those with whom we deal. We should 
 take from our customers such of their pro- 
 ducts as we can use without harm to our 
 industries and labor. Reciprocity is the 
 natural outgrowth of our wonderful indus- 
 trial development under the domestic policy 
 now firmly established. 
 
 What we produce beyond our domestic 
 consumption must have a vent abroad. The 
 excess must be relieved through a foreign 
 outlet, and we should sell everywhere we can 
 and buy wherever the buying will enlarge 
 our sales and productions, and thereby make 
 a greater demand for home labor. 
 
 The period of exclusiveness is past. The 
 expansion of our trade and commerce is the 
 pressing problem. Commercial wars are un- 
 profitable. A policy of good will and friendly 
 trade relations will prevent reprisals. Reci- 
 procity treaties are in harmony with the 
 spirit of the times; measures of retaliation 
 are not. If. perchance, some of our tariffs 
 are no longer needed for revenue or to en- 
 courage and protect our industries at home, 
 why should they not be employed to extend 
 and promote our markets abroad? Then, 
 too, we have inadequate steamship service. 
 New lines of steamships have already been 
 put in commission between the Pacific coast 
 ports of the United States and those on the 
 ■western coasts of Mexico and Central and 
 South America. These should be followed 
 up with direct steamship lines between the 
 western coast of the United States and South 
 American ports. One of the needs of the 
 times is direct commercial lines from our 
 vast fields of production to the fields of con- 
 sumption that we have but barely touched. 
 Next In advantage to having the thing to sell 
 Is to have the conveyance to carry it to the 
 buyer. We must encourage our merchant 
 marine. We must have more ships. They 
 must be under the American flag, built and 
 manned and owned by Americans. These 
 will not only be profitable In a commercial 
 sense; they will be messengers of peace and 
 amity wherever they go. 
 
 We must build the Isthmian Canal, which 
 will unite the two oceans and give a straight 
 line of water communication with the wes- 
 
 tern coasts of Central and South America 
 and Mexico. The construction of a Pacific 
 cable cannot be longer postponed. In the 
 furtherance of these objects of national in- 
 terest and concern you are performing an 
 Important part. This exposition would have 
 touched the heart of that American states- 
 man whose mind was ever alert and thought 
 ever constant for a larger commerce and a 
 truer fraternity of the republics of the New 
 World. His broad American spirit is felt 
 and manifested here. He needs no identi- 
 fication to an assemblage of Americans any- 
 where, for the name of Blaine Is inseparably 
 associated with the Pan-.\merican movement 
 which finds here practical and substantial ex- 
 pression, and which we all hope will be firmly 
 advanced by the Pan-American Congress that 
 assembles this autumn in the capital of Mex- 
 ico. The good work will go on. It cannot be 
 stopped. These buildings will disappear; 
 this creation of art and beauty and industry 
 will perish from sight, but their influence 
 will remain to "make it live beyond its too 
 short living with praises and thanksgiving." 
 "UTio can tell the new thoughts that have 
 been awakened, the ambitions fired and the 
 high achievements that will be wrought 
 through this exposition? 
 
 Let us ever remember that our Interest Is 
 In concord, not conflict; and that our real 
 eminence rests In the victories of peace, not 
 those of war. We hope that all who are 
 represented here may be moved to higher 
 and nobler effort for their own and the 
 world's good, and that out of this city may 
 come not only greater commerce and trade 
 for us all. but, more essential than these, re- 
 lations of mutual respect, confidence and 
 friendship which will deepen and endure. 
 Our earnest pr.ayer Is that God will gracious- 
 ly vouchsafe prosperity, happiness and peace 
 to all our neighbors, and like blessings to all 
 the peoples and powers of earth. 
 
 (Eagle. Friday, September 6, 1991.) 
 
 McKinley's IJational Prog^raniine. 
 
 President McKinley set forth the af- 
 firmative Republican programme in his 
 speech at the Pan-American show lu 
 Buffalo on Thursday. He faced the fu- 
 ture and declared what must be done 
 to insure a continuance of national 
 growth. And it must be admitted tliat 
 this programme contains the things 
 which the people want, whether they be 
 Republicans or Democrats, ^ye have en- 
 tered upon a period of unparalleled pros- 
 perity and we have been looicing about 
 for ways to make its continuance reason- 
 ably certain. And everyone lias cou- 
 cluded that we must have freer access 
 to the markets of the world. 
 
 There is general agreement that the 
 mitigation of the protective tariff sys- 
 tem by reciprocity treaties will help us 
 in our foreign trade. What objection to 
 such arrangements there Is comes from 
 the protected manufacturers and t'lcir 
 representatives, who are afraid that tlioy 
 cannot compete In the home markets 
 with the foreign producers if the tariff 
 rates are lowered. But there is In Re- 
 publicanism a large and growing faction, 
 headed by the President, which believes 
 In reciprocity. Indeed, the membeis of 
 this faction hold that protection has done 
 its perfect work In the development of 
 the home Industries to such a point that 
 they cannot only supply the home mar- 
 
 ket, but have a large surplus for sale 
 abroad. They believe that such Indus 
 tries have outgrown the necessity of pro- 
 tection and that the tariff levied on their 
 products should be for revenue only. 
 They maintain, and with considerable 
 justification, that reciprocity and a reve- 
 nue tariff are tlie legitimate successors 
 of the protective policy and that the new 
 tariff should be levied not to protect our 
 home industries, but to enlarge our for- 
 eign markets and to foster our foreign 
 trade. This wing of Republicanism has 
 only a little way to go before It meera 
 the tariff reform Democrats. 
 
 Now, the demand that our products 
 sliould be carried in our own ships is 
 about as general as the sentiment in fa- 
 vor of reciprocity. The Republican party 
 has pronounced in favor of subsidies for 
 the development of the merchant marine, 
 while the Democracy has opposed subsi- 
 dies as bad in principle and demoral- 
 izing in practice. Theoretically, the 
 Democratic position is sound. But, to 
 use President Cleveland's form of words, 
 it is a condition and not a theory which 
 confronts the government. It is the duty 
 of the opponents of the subsidy system 
 to propose something better, or to show 
 that without subsidies our shipping will 
 revive. The President said that we must 
 encourage our merchant marine, but he 
 did not mention sulisidles by name. In 
 the opinion of the Eagle liberal laws for 
 the admission of American owned ships 
 to American registry regardless of the 
 place in which they were built, would 
 do as much for the enlargement of Amer- 
 ican shipping as the subsidy system. We 
 can build as good ships as anybody, and 
 our capitalists do not care where they 
 buy their vessels so long as they get the 
 worth of their money. Without subsi- 
 dies the big transportation corporations 
 are already planning to run steamships 
 across both the Atlantic and the Pacific 
 oceans in connection with their rail- 
 roads across the continent, and there will 
 be such a division of the income be- 
 tween the railroads and the ships as 
 seems fitting. I'nless the subsidy bill 
 gets through the Congress pretty soon It 
 looks as if the transportation companies 
 would prove that It was unnecessary. 
 But the merchant marine must be de- 
 veloped. 
 
 No one doubts the importance of a 
 canal across the Isthmus, unless it be 
 the railroad companies; and everyone 
 agrees to tlie need of a Pacific cable. 
 Our ti-ade with the far East and our 
 political interest in the Philippines have 
 made these two things necessary. But 
 in the cable question. In the canal, in 
 the development of the merchant marine 
 and In reciprocity, there are the seeds o( 
 much discord, because the advocates of 
 this or that method will Insist that if 
 they cannot have their own way nothing 
 shall be done. Yet In spite of this it Is 
 expected that the President will repeat 
 his recommendations made in Buffalo 
 when he sends his annual message to 
 the Congress In December, and that the 
 party which he leads will strive in good 
 faith to carry out tlie programme. 
 
Tlie Bf ooklyn Daily Ea 
 
 EDITORIAL TRIBUTES TO THE RECORD OF WIIIIAM McKIHIEY RUNNING COMMENTARY UPON 
 
 THE CONDITION OF THE ASSASSIN'S VICTIM AND THE MEDICAL TREATMENT OF HIS CASE. 
 
 From day to day, from the time that President McKinley was shot until that of his death, the Brooklyn Daily 
 Eagle, not only carried the record of the distinguished patient's condition, and the state of public feeling in 
 regard thereto, hut the subject was treated also in the editorial columns, in a manner befitting the importance of 
 the case. 
 
 Although it was designed to preserye the contributions referred to in this Memorial, many requests have 
 been made by Eagle readers that the book be thus enriched. The articles are arranged in the order of date of 
 publication. 
 
 (Eagle. Saturday, September 7, 1901.) 
 
 Yellow Journalism and Yellow 
 Oratory. 
 
 Tlie journalism of anarcby shares re- 
 sponsibility for the attack on President 
 McKinley. It did not mean that he 
 should be shot. 
 
 It only wished to sell more papers by 
 commenting on and cartooning him as 
 ".a tyrant reddening his hands in the 
 blood of the poor and filling his pockets 
 and those of others with dollars coined 
 out of the sweat and tears and hunger of 
 helpless strikers, their wan wives and 
 their starving children." 
 
 That sort of stuff did sell more papers. 
 It was on a par with the platform ha- 
 rangues on "McKinley, with his merci- 
 less and cowardly heart, raising his 
 blood-staiued hands to heaven in hypo- 
 critical prayer." 
 
 That language was used here, not as an 
 Intended plea to kill the President, by 
 p.ainting him as unfit to live, but as an 
 "argument" why one man should be 
 elected Sheriff and another should not. 
 In 1899. 
 
 Yellow oratory fairly divides dishonors 
 ■with yellow journalism to-day. 
 
 To-day, the journalism or the oratory 
 which may have Inspired Leon Czolgosz 
 to his deed is the most tearful, sympa- 
 thetic and grief-stricken journalism or 
 oratory in America. It editorializes 
 "interviews" and moralizes on the lov- 
 .nlileuess of the man whom it lately and 
 long and habitually portrayed as a mon- 
 ster, a de.sj)ot and a coward. It Is very 
 
 scared, very sorry— or very politic, or 
 would like to seem to be so. 
 
 Let us hope It is really sorry. Then let 
 us hope that its sorrow will last long 
 enough to persuade It that the selling 
 of more papers or the getting of more 
 votes is not the chief end of journalism 
 or of oratory, when it leads one to defa- 
 mation as a delight, to vilification as an 
 industry, and to printed, pictorial or 
 platform blackguardism as a trade. 
 
 Leon Czolgosz did what these folk said 
 with pen, pencil or tongue. The latest 
 report is that he has shown neither fear, 
 nor regret, nor remorse! He has more 
 nerve than those of whom he made him- 
 self an understudy in "The Propaganda 
 of Deed." 
 
 (Eagle. Saturday, September 7, 1901.) 
 
 Anarchy Must Go 
 
 A good man, a great politician, an able 
 statesman, an Illustrious President has 
 been stricken by a miscreant hand. He 
 did no evil. He injured no one. He felt 
 no enmity, he excited none, and he de- 
 serves none. By no enemy was he shot. 
 He was shot by a stranger to him— the 
 picked person of a school of opinion 
 which rates the killing of rulers as part 
 of its system. The annihilation of gov- 
 ernments and the terrorizing of peoples 
 comprise the purposes of that system. 
 That work is called "The Propaganda of 
 Deed." 
 
 Anarchy shot William McKinley. The 
 man it employed was as really an ii;stru- 
 ment as the pistol he used. Anarchy is 
 the criminal. Anarchists who applaud 
 
 the deed are as guilty as the man who 
 was allotted to its performance. Anarchy 
 the American people must educate or 
 stamp out of existence. The law « ill 
 deal witli the tool. The people must 
 deal with the abomination which shaped 
 and chose the tool. The character of the 
 act, the source of it, the instigation of it, 
 the purpose of it raises the suffering of 
 the President to martyrdom. He im- 
 personates law. He represents govern- 
 ment. The killing of both was the ob- 
 ject of the assault on his life. Toward 
 him the wretch could have felt no per- 
 sonal animosity. "I am an Anarchist 
 and I have done my duty," were his 
 words. He exhibits his credentials signed 
 by Anarchy and he implies his designa- 
 tion by Anarchy. The President stood 
 for authority and order, which could be 
 hit only over his body. The President 
 was assailed so that what he stood for 
 could be jarred. "The fellow hath no 
 feeling In his business" — none either of 
 hate or of love for his victim— none at all 
 of any sort. 
 
 His savagery was against a sjstem. 
 The Pr(>sident was between the system 
 and him. The criminal is Anarchy. The 
 Anarchist is but an agent. The President 
 is the martyr of a cause more vital to 
 mankind than the Freedom and Union 
 which Lincoln personified, and by a liater 
 of which he was killed. Without Free- 
 dom, men can be safe and do learn to 
 be content. Union is but power in part- 
 nership. Better than either and before 
 both is Order. Order is Heaven's first 
 law and man's paramount need. Gov- 
 ernment is man's means of gettiu.g and 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 68 
 
 keeping tliat need. Order and Govein- 
 ment have been attacked so fm-iously 
 that William McKinley, who survived the 
 open and honest dangers of war, has 
 been shot down, in most cowardly way, 
 amid the securities of peace. 
 
 The act is a challenge. The ehaUenge 
 will be accepted. Nothing for vengeance 
 but everything for security must bo done. 
 What can bo is the limit of what should 
 be. A people that have given to An- 
 archy the contempt of indifference and 
 the fleer of conscious strength find that 
 it made our domain the plotting-ground 
 of the murder of the monarch of a friend- 
 ly kingdom, here picking and hence send- 
 ing its agent to that work. That was 
 much. This is more. Now it is our 
 President whose slaughter is planned 
 next to illustrate the passionless and de- 
 liberate course of "The Propaganda of 
 Deed." That is what comes home. Hith- 
 erto this country has rated the murders 
 of heads of governments as political of- 
 fenses. Hitherto this country has made 
 itself asylum for those who have perpe- 
 trated or attempted such murders. Other 
 countries have in vain asked ours to rate 
 such men as enemies 'of the race. One 
 answer given here has been police pro- 
 tection to meetings called to celebrate and 
 justify tho slaughter of rulers. 
 
 Time has come to make every land on 
 earth the ward of an infinite preserve, in 
 which to huut these men down and out, 
 or the ward of an infinite prison, in which 
 to pen them in. Liberty may be a little 
 less, but righteousness will be a deal 
 more, and security also. Liberty for a 
 while may have to avenge the crimes 
 committed in its name by suffering an 
 abridgment of the conditions which af- 
 flict and athiiate it with license. This 
 Republic has given the least excuse and 
 the largest leave to Anarchy. The soil of 
 America which is Freedom to every slave 
 should become flame to every advocate or 
 exponent of the murder of government. 
 
 Of course, the Anarchist is a fool, 
 Presidents die. Kings die. Government 
 dies not. The instinct of self-preserva- 
 tion in peoples is that of which govern- 
 ment is the expression. And never comes 
 that expression to finer form than ^v■lleu 
 this great people bows, but staggers not, 
 under sorrow, weeps, but despairs not, 
 under gnef, and prays uncovered, but 
 fears not, in the presence of a scene 
 which holds in solution the joy of recov- 
 ery 01- tho calamity of death. Presidents 
 die. The Presidency but passes to another 
 chosen under law to accede to it. "God 
 reigns and the Government at Washing- 
 ton still lives." Better- yet, the Govern- 
 ment in tho heart of every true citii'ien 
 of this or of other lauds still lives and 
 can never die. That sense of Goverr- 
 meut, that instinct of Government, rliat 
 love and habit of Government has in i: 
 more than the immortality of the race. It 
 has in it tho immortality of the Creator 
 of man, AVho made man in lli.s Own 
 image, and Who, in so making man, set 
 iu hlni tlie instinct of Order and of Rule 
 which came from heaven to earth 'luO 
 
 which can no more be exterminated iu 
 one place tliau in the other. 
 
 The challenge will be accepted. Gov- 
 ernment will not go, but Anarchy must! 
 
 (Eagle, Sunday, September S. 1901.) 
 
 The Nation's Three Tragic Ordeals. 
 
 At this writing the life of the Presi- 
 dent is in the balance. The latest news 
 on other pages of this issue may dispel 
 doubt or confirm apprehension. They 
 must be referred to for that. But be 
 that as it may, the sanity, the steadi- 
 ness and the strength of the nation have 
 been satisfying and gratifying to be- 
 lievers in human nature and in popular 
 institutions. The third tragic experi- 
 ence of our people reveals them to be 
 braver and better and finer than the 
 other two found them, or made them, or 
 left them. There has been a clear gain 
 in fortitude and in intelligence. 
 
 When Abraham Lincoln was slain the 
 sacrifice seemed to make military suc- 
 cess a mockery, established nationality 
 a satire and assured emancipation a sar- 
 casm, compared with the stupendous loss 
 of the man in whom they were all per- 
 sonified. Before he was shot, the heart 
 of the North turned toward love and 
 the heart of the South toward hope. The 
 one recognized in Lincoln her wisest 
 and gentlest leader, and the other in him 
 her least censorious and most consider- 
 ate friend. The armies of the North 
 were preparing to return home to ce.nters 
 of undiminished population and of re- 
 stimulated energy, with no thoughts of 
 vengeance in their minds. The hosts of 
 the South were already going back to 
 sliattered roof trees and to idle acres, 
 hillocked only with graves and fertile 
 only in memories wet by tears. Xet 
 they were not returning with any sense 
 of despair. There was a Lost Cause, 
 but there was a new and a nobler Op- 
 portunity. 
 
 The slaughter of Lincoln, for a time, 
 had a most awful effect of change. 
 Demagogues or zealots in the North said 
 that n too tender-hearted man had bctm 
 providentially removed, to give way to 
 a man of Blood and of Iron, who would 
 make treason odious and traitors pend- 
 ent. That gospel of the Pit had many 
 followers, and there was apparent justi- 
 fication in the record of the acceding 
 President for the predictions made of 
 him. The shuddering South well knew 
 what a poor white, made I'residejit by 
 murder, could do, with all the war 
 powers of a victorious nation, to re- 
 venge on a beaten society Its slights 
 and jeers and scorn and ostracism of 
 his and of him. 
 
 The dominant mind or mood of the 
 North did not change, though, ironi- 
 cally enough, it was Andrew .Tohuson 
 who tried to change it. "He went over" 
 to what, he always said, was the policy 
 li'ft to him by Lincoln, but to what, his 
 opponents declared, was the side of tho 
 master against the slave. That re- 
 sultant of the friction between hlin and 
 his party called Reconstruction occurred. 
 
 It had its sanctions in the War Amend- 
 ments, its basis in negro suffrage, its 
 defense In the plea of justice and se- 
 curity and its intention, or object, in 
 tho punioses of the permanent Hepub- 
 Ucanizatlon of the South. States be- 
 came satrapies, governments military 
 bureaus, major generals governors, only 
 to be followed by predatory thieves, the 
 President was Impeached and almost 
 convicted, civilization was put upon its 
 little end, the bottom was on top, and 
 there was no hereafter. 
 
 Compare that condition with now. Not 
 a War Amendment has been repealed — 
 or Is enforced, negro suffrage is obso- 
 lete, or a commodity. The descendants 
 of the master class are in the saddle, 
 and, to avert negro dominancy, have 
 given aid and comfort to every succes- 
 sive form of economic heresy that could 
 be put upon four legs, the better and the 
 sooner to run itself to death. The con- 
 vulsion through which the two sections 
 went, consequent upon the assassination 
 of Lincoln, qualified Johnson's place In 
 history, brutalized politics for more 
 than a decade, and was followed by 
 white supremacy in the South, with the 
 sullen or indifferent consent of the com- _ 
 mercial North. The nation's survival of 
 the ordeal was so wonderful that Its 
 inconsistencies under it have been con- 
 doned by history. 
 
 Then came the assassination of Gar- 
 field. Fierceness of party spirit had 
 elected him. Fierceness of factional ap- 
 petite and of factional anger created the 
 conditions which touclied the all too 
 little brain of the canting wretch who 
 slew him. If civil war and party poli- 
 tics had a relation to the killing of 
 Lincoln, factionalism within party had 
 sole relation to the killing of Garfield. 
 But how much better the nation met the 
 second situation than the first! The un- 
 expected occurred. Though not always 
 the case, the unexpected, iu this in- 
 stance, was moralli' beautiful and be- 
 nign. In the person of Chester Alan 
 Arthur, the most partisan of politicians, 
 became the least partisan of Presidents. 
 His administration brought dignity to 
 rule, impartiality to policy, patriotism to 
 purpose, cleanliness to ofliciai conduct, 
 content to the people, peace to the land, 
 surprise to the world and honor to his- 
 tory. The recovery of his party froiu the 
 shock of its own factiouism was slower 
 than that of the people and of tho gov- 
 ernment from the second assaBslnation of 
 an American I'resideut. But that was 
 the blame of the party and of its bosses, 
 not the blame of the statesman whom 
 ))owcr touched only to refine and In 
 whom responsibility revealed a spirit 
 and a capacity commensurate with the 
 best ideals and standards of his great 
 oflice. Here was scored a magnilicent 
 advance in sanity, serenity and luoral 
 power made by the nation in the second 
 ordeal of tragedy to which it had been 
 called. 
 
 Twenty years have passed since then, 
 .lohnsou has gone into the slienees with 
 Lincoln, and Arthur with Garfield. Prob- 
 ably the Inst of the Presidents, cow- 
 
M 
 
 THE MC KINLET MEMORIAT/. 
 
 mendable and available to his country- 
 men by the baptism of the war for Lib- 
 erty and the Union, has a second time 
 been chosen to the Chief Magistracy of 
 the Republic. He, too, has been ¥hot 
 down, but the powder owed none of its 
 heat to the flame of civil war, or to the 
 fire of party factionism. Nothing m his 
 policy divided or angered the people. 
 Nothing in his success incensed his ri- 
 vals or lost him the respect and regard 
 of his opponents. Nothing in his char- 
 acter offended, bewildered or shocked 
 his countrymen. The personal love of 
 Democracy and of Populi.sm for him was 
 not exceeded by that of his own party. 
 
 Distressing as his condition is, vile 
 and cniel as the attack on him is, com- 
 pensation is not wanting in the fact 
 that Americans can ti'uthfully say there 
 was nothing American in the causes and 
 there is nothing American in the agent 
 of them. Both are exotics, as infamous 
 as foreign, and as incapable of American 
 germination as they are longer of Ameri- 
 can tolerance. Slavery was the cause 
 of the Civil War, and cost Lincoln his 
 life. Slavery is no more. The spoils 
 eystem slew Garfield, and it has been so 
 curtailed by his successors that the dom- 
 
 cannot here longer find in joui-nalism its 
 parade grouud or its profit, or in oratory 
 its medium, or in polities its theater. 
 The reaction from tlie Buffalo crime will 
 be felt throughout the land as truly as 
 
 which has not yet been discovered, Is 
 abiding. In that case, there is little rea- 
 son for alarm. The temperature will 
 near normal and the pulsation will fall 
 to 90, or below that, in case the inflam- 
 
 the shots fired at Buffalo were heard | mation is due to either or to both of 
 
 around the world. That reaction will 
 signalize as great an advance in the con- 
 duct of the people, in the third tragic 
 ordeal to which they have beeu called, as 
 their conduct in the second was an ad- 
 vance upon theirs in the first. 
 
 The American nation improves. The 
 heart of the people refines and enlarges. 
 The mind of the people grows better and 
 stronger. A supreme answer is rendered 
 to every supreme demand upon that 
 heart and mind. And, while each an- 
 swer is superlative in its time and of its 
 kind, the kind is richer and truer and 
 nobler, every successive time. In this 
 is the compensation of calamity, and in 
 this is the certainty that it will be en- 
 dured, survived and turned to good ae- 
 
 the minor causes mentioned. 
 
 Should the high pulsation be due to 
 incipient, diffused inflammation of the 
 abdominal depository, that is, should it 
 he due to the beginnings of general peri- 
 tonitis. neJtlier temperature nor pulsation 
 may be expected to decrease, but ratlier 
 to increase, and the situation of the 
 Presidi'Ut in such an event will indeed be 
 serious. Recovery from general peri- 
 tonitis could not be expected. 
 
 Not tmtil Wednesday can a positively 
 hopeful or a justifiably serious prediction 
 be advisedly made. No appreliension of 
 collapse or of sudden death need be 
 felt. Neither could occur, except by an 
 embolism of which there are no signs 
 and which in such cases as this does not 
 
 count. The miuistrv of suffering to 
 which Lincoln was called and Garfield "''""' °"'^''' '° ^^'"-'^ * thousand times, 
 summoned now adds JtcKinley to its | ^"''iwises need not be looked for. If the 
 roll. What love and science and care Pi'<'si<ient is to recover, conditions, after 
 
 report, to-day of him to prayer and 
 to hope, to patriotism and to grief, om- 
 
 Inance of law and of merit is now the i columns of news will tell. What the re- 
 
 rule, with caprice as the exception, in 
 office filling. Neither of the root causes 
 of the two former attacks on the lives 
 of our Presidents has relation to the root 
 cause of this attack. 
 
 The root cause here is Anarchy. That 
 can be dealt with. No Anglo-Saxon 
 country was ever ruined by reptiles, 
 though such countries have more than 
 once been too lenient with them. There 
 Is little danger of extended or excessive 
 leniency toward them here now. An- 
 archy seemed academic, though horrible. 
 BO long as monarchs far away were its 
 victims. But howling, hot and hissing in 
 America, it has discharged its shaft at 
 our noble President. And the nation, 
 \\'hen hoping for the salvation of his 
 life, unmistakably decreed its death. This 
 people will soon reach its causes. 
 
 Meanwhile, they are dealing with that 
 Which has warmed it and fed it and 
 fostered it— the demagogy of journalism, 
 oratory and politics. With them an 
 aroused, an angered, a steady and a de- 
 termined people can be trusted remorse- 
 lessly to deal. They do not mean to re- 
 gard these infernal reproachas with in- 
 cifference. They mean to make the prac- 
 tice of them infamous and to put the 
 practitioners of them in pillory. The past 
 may be forgiven. But for the present, 
 and in the present, the practitioners of 
 these infamies must give bonds for the 
 future, or their occupation will be gone, 
 and they will be sent after it. The 
 ■owers of violence will do well to be glad 
 that others have reaped what they sowed. 
 They will do well to suspend their sowing 
 of It, lest their own be returned unto 
 them with usury. That which shames 
 Civilization and brings a blush to the 
 Cheek of every decent man and woman. 
 that which makes too much in our col- 
 iMtiT* life indefensible and intolerable. 
 
 sponse of the nation will be. whether to 
 news that blasts or to news tliat blesses, 
 is kuown already. It will be a response 
 not merely worthy of our past but 
 wortliy as well of the spirituality, of 
 the humanity, and of the civilization of 
 our present— a response commensurnt' 
 with the decency, the dignity, the forti- 
 tude and the faith of a great people— a 
 people greater than any or than all of 
 their greatest men. 
 
 (Eagle, Monday. -September 9. 1901.) 
 
 President's Case To-day. 
 
 The temperature of the President 
 shows a slightly nearer approach to 
 normal, which is 98%. The pulsation— 
 which at normal would be about 70— 
 continues too high for satisfaction, but 
 daily shows a slight decrease, being 120 I ground for hope that the moiety of thero 
 
 Wediiesday, will plainly point th.at way. 
 If conditions, however, then point the 
 other waj-, dis.solution will be gradual 
 and life may be maintained for several 
 days or even weeki?. 
 
 The question of nourishment is imma- 
 terial. The President could do witliout 
 any with safety for four or five (lays from 
 his injury. Enough is Ijeing artificially 
 administered to maintain in him an ade- 
 quate degree of strength. The bulletins 
 would he more intelligent, if they re- 
 ported no distention of the abdomen and 
 the fact of natural movements of the 
 bowels. Their omission to report thetr 
 may not be significant, and the absence 
 of distention, with the fact of natural 
 movements, may be covered under the 
 general statement of "no unfa vo: able 
 symptoms." 
 
 The President is in great danger still. 
 The chances are less than even for him. 
 Nevertheless, the percentage of chances 
 for him sliows slight increase and gives 
 
 at morning advices. 
 
 The temperature, so long as it does not 
 rise above 1-0.3 or fall below 98, is not a 
 serious consideration. It is very prob- 
 ably dependent upon the pulsation, which 
 
 will soon be in his favor. But that h.T 
 ance should be shown not later than 
 Wednesday, or grave apprehensions will 
 be warranted. Ordinarily, temperature 
 approaches normal and pulsation corre- 
 
 is the significant factor and which con- spondincrly decreases, within forty-eight 
 
 tinues to be alarming. The downward 
 tendency of the pulsation, though slight, 
 is noticeable. If it keeps on going down, 
 encouragement and hope will be justi- 
 fied. Should the temperature approxi- 
 mate normal and the pulsation register 
 90, or below, by Wednesday, hope of 
 recovery wiU be justified, ban-ing un- 
 foreseen and unlikely complications. 
 
 Much depends upon to what the high 
 pulsation may be found to be due. Of 
 course, it is due to inflammation. But 
 that may be a temporary inflammation. 
 
 hours after gunshot wounds of this kind, 
 in cases of progressive recovery. in 
 this case recovery has not been pro- 
 gressive. There have been no setbacks, 
 but there has been a suspension of evi- 
 dences either for or against recovery, 
 with the natural result of hopefulness, 
 born of desire, both in the minds of 
 physicians and of the people at large. 
 
 Mr. McKinley's weight is very slightly 
 against him. His age Is not against him 
 in any sense whatever. So far as known 
 thei'e is no organic trouble, unless it be 
 
 caused by the scratching wound which ! a functional heart weakness, which witli- 
 grazed the breastbone without harm, in out the injury, would not be of siguifi- 
 which case it is not important. It may cauce. and which, with the injury, may 
 be due to an irritation where the bullet, ' not prove to be of significance, under the ' 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 65 
 
 treatment so fortnnately and so qxiickly 
 applied. 
 
 The bnlletins should be both trusted 
 and discounted. They are perfectly hon- 
 est and they are intelligent, but the ten- 
 dency of friends and even that of phy- 
 sicians is to build more on them than 
 they may ultimately warrant. They are 
 a truthful index of outside conditions. 
 They cannot be an infallible indication 
 of Inside conditions. They are both 
 honest and more intelligent than were 
 the bulletins in the case of Garfield, 
 which constantly spoke of recovery as 
 probable or possible, when it was im- 
 possible, at any stage, from the very 
 first. But surgery is now more advanced 
 and efficient, and medical practitioners 
 are now more candid, so to speak, than 
 the case was in 18S1. 
 
 The hopeful signs are the slight de- 
 crease of temperature and pulsation, the 
 assurance of a naturally bodily action, 
 and the growing hopefulness of medical 
 attendants. The discouraging signs are 
 to be found in the persistence of pulsa- 
 tion at higher figures at the close of the 
 third day after the injury than the m.a- 
 Jority of like cases have shown in which 
 recovery has occurred. The nation must 
 wait as patiently as possible, until after 
 Wednesday,* for particulars which can 
 Justify either confidence or apprehension. 
 
 •".^fter Wednesday'* — on Thursday— began the 
 appearance of gangrenous conditions. Saturday, 
 1:16 A. M.. he died.— Ed. Eagle. 
 
 (Eagle. Monday. September 9. 1!"1.1 
 
 Enforcement of Existing Laws Enough 
 
 It has been suggested that ass.ault upon 
 the President be punished more severely ' 
 than assault upon an unofficial citizen. 
 There has been talk of making such as- 
 sault treason, or of the passage of a fed- 
 eral statute applying specifically to 
 crimes of violence against the head or 
 other officers of the government. Such a 
 law as this would necessarily have to be 
 broad enough to include assault upon the 
 Vice President, the Secretary of State 
 and the rest of the six officials in the line 
 of Presidential succession. And It can- 
 not even be Introduced, let alone passed, 
 until the acutetiess of the popular indig- 
 nation has been spent and something like 
 a normal state of sentiment has been 
 reached. Remedies suggested now must 
 be those which the people will be likely 
 to favor when the nation grows calmer. 
 
 We must recall that no such law could 
 be passed without the consent of the 
 President himself. The moment he should 
 appear -willing to be hedged about by a 
 peculiar sanctity, he would be criticised 
 by many men in his own party and by 
 the whole opposition. The notion, homely 
 and somewhat demagogic. Is pretty firm- 
 ly rooted that "the President is but the 
 servant of the people," and that he is no 
 better and no worse than those whom he 
 serves. He Is "chosen from the ranks," 
 and, when his term expires, he retires to 
 the ranks again. Then, beside the per- 
 gonal support of the Preslient himself. 
 
 such a law would require the support of 
 the party to which he belonged. And any 
 party that advocated making a crime 
 against the President more grave than a 
 crime ng.iiust any other man would ex- 
 pose itseif to the charge of "monarchical 
 tendencies" by nearly every crank or fool 
 in the country. No party would be will- 
 ing deliberately to enter alone on a course 
 which Involved the slightest devi.atlon 
 from the old established custom of dem- 
 ocracy. The recoil from the Alien and 
 Seditions laws is not yet forgotten. It 
 ought to be evident that no law for the 
 protection of the President, as President, 
 could be passed, unless it were uuanim- 
 ously demanded by all parties, and the 
 patriotism or intelligence to do that is 
 improbable. 
 
 We are also likely to realize before 
 December that, while Czolgosz thought 
 he directed his blow "at government" his 
 bullet fell far short of that. No Presi- 
 dent of the t'nited States can say: "The 
 government; it is I." Here as well as in 
 every other nation with a constitution 
 government is administered by individ- 
 uals, but it has enough of them in line 
 to make its continuance not at all de- 
 pendent upon their continuance. The 
 President is simply the chief, chosen to 
 carry out the will of the majoritv. If 
 William McKinley should die. govern- 
 ment would go right on here. His office 
 would be filled by Vice President Roose- 
 velt. And the Vice President would be 
 succeeded. In turn, by Secretary of State 
 John Hay, and he by Secretary of the 
 Treasury Lyman .1. Gage, and he by Sec- 
 retary of War Elihu Root, and he by At- 
 torney General Philander Knox, and he 
 by Postmaster General Charles Emory 
 Smith, and he by Secretary of the Navy 
 .lohn D. Long, and he by Secretary of the 
 Interior Ethan A. Hitchcock. There are 
 eight men ready to follow one another 
 into t?ie President's office, as fast as a 
 vacancy occurs in the term for which 
 William JIcKinley was elected. Regard- 
 less of what may happen to the incum- 
 bent of the office, the Presidency goes 
 right on. 
 I A sound and a sane public opinion is 
 a surer preventive of such crimes tlian 
 1 any statutes. And such opinion will 
 j make Anarchy so disreputable that even 
 I its "academic" adherents will be 
 ashamed to declare their views. We 
 do not need new law so much as we 
 need sanity In tlie consideration of so- 
 cial problems. The immigration laws 
 and the naturalization laws are not se- 
 riously defective. Any judge has the 
 power to admit to citizenship such men 
 as seem to him capable of making good 
 citizens. He has a wide discretion also 
 in denying citizenship to whom he 
 pleases. One Judge may admit the man 
 whom another Judge has shut out. But 
 the tendency is toward a stricter In- 
 terpretation of the statutes. People In 
 Brooklyn who have read the reports of 
 the hearing before Judge Aspinall, In 
 the County Court, and Judge Thoma.s, 
 in the Federal Court, know this. These 
 Judges have declined to admit to citi- 
 
 zenship men who were clearly incapable 
 or grossly ignorant. There is a wide 
 discretion, too, in the enforcement of 
 the immigration laws, and undesirable 
 people can be kept out, including (hose 
 with a criminal record as well as those 
 who for any reason are liable to become 
 a public charge or public enemies. Pub- 
 lic sentiment behind the present laws 
 can keep mucli anarchy out of the I'uited 
 States without any further tinkering with 
 them. 
 
 Indeed, for the matter of that, Con- 
 gress could prohibit ail immigration to 
 the United States, indefinitely or for a 
 fixed period. If it thought well to do so. 
 Of course, such an extreme power would 
 never be exercised. It wotild provoke 
 too much retaliation. It would be in- 
 coiupatible with the right of free in- 
 gress and egress, for temporary pur- 
 poses, secured by treaties with foreign 
 countries to our people in them or to 
 their people with us. But the Chinese 
 are not by any means the only persons 
 whom Congress could forbid to settle 
 here. It could forbid all "dangerous 
 classes." white, black, yellow or pea 
 green, and it could make itself the judge 
 of what classes are "dangerous," and of 
 what makes them "dangerous," their 
 opinions, for Instance, and their opinions 
 touching anarchy included. 
 
 Moreover. Congress has the power to 
 deport from the United States, as pub- 
 lic enemies, all classes not yet admitted 
 to citizenship here, whom it chooses to 
 regard as "public enemies." The enun- 
 ciation of such a power is improbable, 
 because it would be roundly abused by 
 zealots or proscriptionists and, whether 
 it was or not, it would be open to the 
 charges of abuse, by everybody seeking 
 votes and by everybody looking for votes 
 and a market. Still, we broadly state 
 the power of Congress to show that in 
 j our republican system resides as abso- 
 lute facilities for protection as could be 
 imagined of any government, though, 
 happily, in our public opinion, resides the 
 tempering influences which have never 
 invoked, and would barely sustain, ifr 
 course to those powers. 
 
 What we may call the medical ten- 
 dency in politics, in times of emergency, 
 is one to be resisted. It is a tendency 
 to prescribe new law for unusual con- 
 ditions, instead of awakening the powers 
 of existing law; it is a tendency to i>«- 
 lleve that, by commanding things or by 
 prohibiting things, results can be 
 reached or averted, when the real rem- 
 edy will be found in powers already in 
 hand and when consideration must be 
 given, not to what people favor, when 
 they are hot, but to what they will 
 "stand" when they are cool. 
 
 The Eagle expects more circumspect 
 traveling and more careful guarding of 
 '. Presidents, to follow from what has 
 ] lately occurred. It expects a saner and 
 ! cleaner journalism with the responsibil- 
 ity of papers, and not the mere sale of 
 them, held in the mind as the Important 
 thing. It expects an oratory In press 
 1 and pulpit that will take the dignitj- of 
 
«6 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 Bpeecli, the importance of the state and 
 the commendability of what is said to 
 truth, instead of to mere sensation, into 
 account. It expects a long and de- 
 sirable sobriety of thought and action, 
 and a recurrence to sound standai-ds, 
 Instead of to cheap, shallow and nasty 
 ones. It expects the intelligent and not 
 the wabbling, tlie uniform and not the 
 varied enforcement of existing laws of 
 naturalization and of immigration to be 
 secured, and it expects a general appre- 
 ciation of the superiority of liberty to 
 license, and of the grave difference be- 
 tween them, as well as a destructive 
 contempt for the appeals to classes, on 
 the one hand, or to masses, on the other, 
 with which the constitutional right of 
 free printing has been disgraced, and 
 the divine gift of speech been made foul 
 by Ignorance, or infamous by criminal 
 Intent 
 
 (Eagle. Tuesday, September 10. 1901.) 
 
 Plain Words Are Best. 
 
 The rich are getting richer, the poor 
 are getting less and less poor. The folk 
 in middling circumstances are getting 
 Into better circumstances. Every one's 
 lot is improving. 
 These are facts. 
 
 Elections have proved that there Is 
 defeat in asserting the contrary. 
 
 Being proved to be facts, tliey should 
 be accepted as facts. 
 
 Assertion to the contrary having lost 
 elections, such assertions should have 
 ceased. 
 
 But such assertions were persistently 
 kept up long after electiou by Bryan and 
 Company and the crack-brained or the 
 criminal icept on accepting them. 
 
 Lately one of the crack-brained acted 
 on theiu and shot the President, wlioni 
 Bryan and Company had persisted in 
 portraying as a monster, iusli.'ad of one 
 of the kindest and most just ot men: as a 
 monster responsible for evils that do not 
 exist ! 
 
 The shooting of the rresiileiil lias 
 Jarred the preachers of the gospel of 
 Bryanisra, with its errors, lies and 
 dodges. Being jarred, they are very 
 sorry or very scared. Tliey regret, they 
 Kny_ the result of their own rot, as truly 
 and as profoundly as if they had never 
 Issued it. 
 
 They regret the result— of course. At 
 least, "they say they do. They have not 
 said they regret or retract or recant or 
 renounce or repudiate the stuff which 
 was the cause in part of that result. 
 
 Till they do, folks will keep on think- 
 ing. When they do, folks will make a 
 note on it. 
 
 Leaving them to their own memories 
 and in the embarrassments of their own 
 making, the duty of all the people is 
 plain. It is to require that the rot which 
 In part at least wrought this result shall 
 cease in journalism, in "oratory" and in 
 the pulpit— for even the pulpit to a de- 
 gree is responsible for it. The future 
 must be made better tban the past Then 
 
 the past may be forgotten and forgiven, 
 but not otherwise. There is no necessity 
 for denunciation. The people are taking 
 care of the case. There is just need for 
 improvement. Cease to do evil. Learn 
 to do well. 
 
 Nor need there be very much trouble 
 about anarchy. What anarchy has fed 
 on is mainly responsible for anarchy. An- 
 archy would have starved to death long 
 ago, but for what it fed on. 
 
 It fed on blackguard journalism, black- 
 guard cartoons, blackguard speeches and 
 demagogic platforms and nominations. 
 It fed on appeals to class hates, to sec- 
 tional savagery and to the poor against 
 the rich, to the idle against the diligent, 
 to the Incapable against the capable. 
 That and worse was what it fed on. 
 Take away the fodder of froth, filth and 
 phrensy and auarchy would soon starve 
 to death. 
 
 A hue and cry against anarchy will do 
 no harm. A man hunt against it will do 
 no harm. .\n international policy against 
 it will do no harm. But there is some 
 thing else will do more good. Doom an- 
 archy to moral and mental starvation. 
 Deprive it of its food in journalism and 
 politics. Show it that there is no journal- 
 ism and there is no politics that will fool, 
 feed, foster or warm it any more. That 
 done, the loud hue and cry and the merry 
 man hunt can go on, too, but the monster 
 will die, if those who have been feeding 
 him cut off his supplies or their supplies 
 to hiin. They could not have meant tiie 
 consequences they brought about. But 
 the conseiiuences are plaiu and the neces- 
 sity of shutting them off by ceasing from 
 tin- plyius of the causes, is plain. 
 
 When William McKInley is restored to 
 enough of liis former strength to serve 
 his countrymen, lie should lie consoled by 
 the consciousuess that the bullet he may 
 carry in his body to his grave represents 
 not "merely the final, but. please God. the 
 futile effort of rabid and reactionary and 
 defamatory and demagogic barbarism in 
 tlie journalism and politics of America. 
 
 (tCagle. Fri.lay. S-ptember 13. 1901.) 
 
 The President. 
 
 With crushing force came the an- 
 nouncement early this luorning that the 
 President was possibly if not probalily 
 a dying man. Tiiougli these terms were 
 unused, it could hardly be otherwise in- 
 terpreted. It came in savage contrast, 
 so reassuring had been the news from 
 Buffalo. It came as part of the policy 
 of good faith established at the begin- 
 ning and conscientiously adhered to. It 
 has prepared the country for the worst 
 in response to the universal demand for 
 the truth, the whole truth, and nothing 
 but the truth. And, the never failing 
 optimism of the surgeons to the con- 
 trary notwithstanding, the country has 
 not failed to realize tiiat skill was fight 
 ing for a life far from out of danger. It 
 remembered Garfield. It remembered 
 that almost until the final moment the 
 
 surgeons foresaw nothing but the benefi- 
 cent that they kept their faces turned 
 away from death— that they could not or 
 would not see the hand of fate. 
 
 All causes, all theories, are overshad- 
 owed by the momentous effect that 
 seems to be impending. The Irony of 
 it is thai thoughts were centered on the 
 case as a triumph for physicians. The 
 irony cf it is that the specialists, with 
 fingers on the pulse of the patient, were 
 sending their case into history as prac- 
 tically closed. Nor did there seem to be 
 much warrant for uncertainty. One of 
 the sources of their confidence was the 
 splendid courage of the wounded man. 
 None of his thoughts appeared to be sub- 
 jective. None of his anxieties appeared 
 to have a significance personal to him- 
 self. His concern for others was greater 
 than his solicitude for his own welfare. 
 His regrets were that gloom should have 
 followed festivity so closely. And far 
 above all other considerations were those 
 appealing to him as a husband. Not 
 often is it given to physicians to have 
 such a patient on their bauds. 
 
 There were other factors. So far as 
 could be ascertained but one vital organ 
 was involved, and it was fortunately ac- 
 cessible. The escape of others looked 
 almost like an interposition of Provi- 
 dence. To further fortify the apprehen- 
 sive, great operators were within imme- 
 diate call. It was as though they had 
 been assembled for just such a purpose. 
 It was as tiiongh they had been sum- 
 moned to give to the world promise of 
 a limit to the sacrifice. But in the na- 
 tion's heart of hearts was the fear that it 
 was not to be. It was there to stay. It 
 was embedded deep as the undiscov- 
 ered bullet Bulletins could not get at it 
 They came and went and left it there. It 
 found vent in whispers everywhere. 
 It lind warrant in the developments 
 now contributing to the history of the 
 United States, now adding a chapter 
 menaced by the dread drapery of death. 
 For at tlie time of writing there is little 
 left but hope, and of that hope but little. 
 Never in the history of the world had 
 murder, strange, foul and unnatural, so 
 much to shrink from. Never in the his- 
 tory of the world was point blank more 
 shocking, short range more repellant. 
 And not often in tiie history of the world 
 has a man had more to live for. Ho has 
 reaped a rich harvest of fulfillment, but 
 much remained for him to do. The helm 
 could have had no steadier hand. The 
 life in jeopardy is of priceless value. It 
 has been an answer to every accusation. 
 It has made yellow the color of shame, 
 a thing to nauseate. It has turned malig- 
 nance back upon itself to fester if any- 
 where in the hands of its creator. No 
 bullet was needed to lift it into gracious 
 relief, but the missile has made clearer 
 what even malevolence itself was con- 
 scious of before it found expression at 
 the mouth of a revolver. The shot has 
 sharpened outlines. It has sent the 
 President so far beyond the reach of 
 calumny that the barb is divested of It* 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 67 
 
 poison, exceiJt so much of it as taints the 
 hand that holds it. And the liand has 
 lost its power to strike — to better purpose 
 dogs may bay the moon. 
 
 The shadow Is not yet Impenetrable. 
 Such, however, are the conditions by 
 which a newspaper is restricted, that 
 what is stated here as some slight stimu- 
 lant to courage, may be reversed where 
 the latest news is printed. The things 
 that are will be faced as they are. There 
 are limits to the softening power of lan- 
 guage and there arc times when noth- 
 ing but absolute veracity of thought 
 and statement can have precedence. It 
 has been deemed advisable at Buffalo 
 to hold nothing back. The best that can 
 be said there is that the President has 
 a chance for life. That speaks for itself. 
 It means that the President is in the 
 valley of the shadow. It means that at 
 any moment the nation may be iu deeper 
 mourning. The transition from hope to 
 dismay has been almost as swift as the 
 grim messenger that so profoundly 
 stirred the country a week ago. The 
 chance is but one of many. To a higher 
 power as the custodian of its dearest 
 hope the country turns its face. 
 
 (Eagle. Saturday. September H, 1901.) 
 
 McKinley in History. 
 
 The President of the United States, 
 William McKinley, died in Buffalo, N. Y., 
 at 2:15 o'clock this morning, from wounds 
 inflicted by an assassin on the afternoon 
 of September 6, while the Chief Magis- 
 trate was the guest of thousands of citi- 
 zens who were gathered to do to him 
 honor. A week of suffering was marked 
 by hopeful signs of recovery, only to be 
 closed with the proofs that they were 
 without foundation. The time was also 
 marked by evidences of the sympathy of 
 all the other nations with this Republic, 
 by the attestation of esteem and affection 
 for the President and his wife from 
 every portion of the country and of the 
 world and by a coming together in 
 thought, in grief and in courage of the 
 hearts of all good people everywhere. 
 The week set a long duration to a tragic 
 ordeal from winch the sufferer has passed 
 out of pain into peace and from which a 
 solemnized and purified humanity has 
 received a new baptism of faith in popu- 
 lar institutions and of fortitude under 
 supreme strain and sorrow. 
 
 The experience Is flie third of the kind 
 through which the American people have 
 passed. The first two were accountable 
 by the penultimate frenzies of expiring 
 war. In the one instance, and by the 
 shock of a factional feud on a canting 
 and cross-cut mind, in the other instance. 
 The causes In both cases were peculiar 
 In their application to home conditions. 
 The extreme to which they went make 
 the recurrence of those identical condi- 
 tions well nigh Impossible. 
 
 The third Instance Is chargeable to 
 causes In which the whole world real- 
 izes a common peril, feels a common 
 aliock and shares a common responsibil- 
 
 ity. The prevalence and tolerance of 
 false teaching concerning liberty, prop- 
 ert.v and government is the cause, in 
 this latest instance, of the deed at wL^ch 
 all stand aghast. In each of the three 
 cases a brain equally weak, equally 
 wicked and equally vain was the per- 
 vert-instrument of evil forces and of 
 evil men who sought to turn those forces 
 to the prolil: of their own hates or pock- 
 ets. Sectional savagery culminated and 
 ended in Lincoln's murder. Factional 
 fury culminated and was exhausted in 
 Garfield's murder. The wickedness of 
 stimulating class hatreds, to win unfit 
 votes for unfit men and to sell unfit 
 papers iu largest possible numbers, 
 comes to its ultimate, let us hope, in 
 McKlnley's murder. There may be other 
 political assassinations in America, but 
 sectionalism, party rancor and anarchy 
 should be able to score no more to their 
 credit. Recoil from the effect s'houid 
 carry in it cure of the cause. 
 
 There never was a gentler or finer man 
 than the illustrious victim of influences 
 that should henceforth be as forbidden 
 as abhorrent here. Mr. SIcKinley was 
 almost unique in his preparation for the 
 pi-esidency. He was one of Lincoln's 
 soldier boys. A youth of IS, on enlist- 
 ment, a man of 22 on muster-out, he be- 
 gan his career of arms as a private and 
 left the forces of Union and freedom as a 
 major. Those creative years established 
 a character that all the world came to 
 respect Ho rose from minor political 
 service in his country to a membership 
 of Congress for fourteen years, and to a 
 governorship of his state for four years. 
 He was the leader of the House when 
 he ceased from Congress. He was the 
 exponent of Protection when it seemed 
 the issue. He was named by his party 
 for President, as its free choice, after he 
 had twice refused to be its candidate, 
 when the satisfaction of his ambitiou 
 would have involved the suspicion of 
 perfidy to pledges to other men. Service 
 iu the Congressional opposition and serv- 
 ice with the Congressional majority fell 
 to him for about an equal number of 
 years. His service in ;the governorship 
 coincided with the growth In national 
 politics of the principle which he espc- 
 cialy impersonated. The principle was 
 Protection— an emergent, temporary, ex- 
 igent, incidental matter, meant alike 
 wisely to slow yet surely eventually to 
 accomplish the movement of the world 
 toward freedom of trade. 
 
 Now mark the reversals of purposes 
 and programmes. In tlie Presidency of 
 this protectionist, protection played a 
 subordinate part. In hia campaign of 
 1890 the Gold Standard was the com- 
 manding cry. In (hat of 1900, the reten- 
 tion in peace and for liberty of the ter- 
 ritories won by war was the controlling 
 consideration. And the last public words 
 of his were those In which he spoke of 
 the loosening of tariffs and of far freer 
 trade through reciprocity. His cam- 
 paigns threw on him and on his pnrty 
 Issues not made In the purposes or plat- 
 
 forms which politicians foresaw or pre- 
 ferred. He owed his election, the first 
 time, to a wholly different question from 
 tlio one to which he owed his nomination 
 then. He owed his election, the second 
 time, to causes which his firet Adminis- 
 tration was never expected or created 
 to shape or make or denote. This is 
 not more wonderful than was his read- 
 iness for the surprises sprung on the 
 government and the world. That to 
 which he had served an apprenticeship 
 was superseded by that to which he had 
 served none. The intruding issues made 
 his Presidency illustrious, when the ex- 
 pected one had in it only the power to 
 make that Presidency commonplace. 
 But the legislative and gubernatorial 
 education of the man, which apparently 
 only qualified him for a known role, made 
 him pre-eminently adequate to utterly 
 uuaiTiM-ehended responsibilities. He will 
 rank as a great President. His great- 
 ness was in the things in which he was 
 not expected or supposed to be great. 
 Hardly before Lincoln came more novel, 
 more sudden, more strange and more 
 startling complications. Like Lincoln, 
 he was equal to them. Unlike Lincoln, 
 he served long enough to see them put 
 beyond reversibility. Lincoln died on 
 the threshold of unfulfilled intentions. 
 McKinley stepped Into the skies from the 
 summit points of accomplished finalities. 
 Yet in another view the good genius 
 of America was only carrying on the 
 progressive mission of America, with a 
 new, a needed and an admirable agent. 
 The party rancor which the personality 
 of Washington stilled, and the elements 
 of which he fused into unity for the 
 solidarity and permanence of the infant 
 republic, fell to the lowest temperature 
 of passion and rose to the highest expres- 
 sion of a common patriotism under Will- 
 iam McKinley attained by it in modern 
 times. Tlie issue-less and stupid "era of 
 good feeling" under Monroe is no more 
 to be compared with the contemporary 
 patriotism of peace than is sleep to be 
 compared with life. The desire of Lin- 
 coln for a union of hearts and ot ijaidsi- 
 among brothers whom civil war had set 
 in conflict, was accomplished by William 
 McKinley in his masterly management of 
 the war to make the bounds of freedom 
 larger yet than Lincoln foresaw or 
 dreamed. The North and the South In 
 Cuba and in Porto Rico, at Santiago and 
 in the Philippines united under a single 
 flag, in the making of a better America, 
 tlie valor and genius they had shown 
 against oneanother on fields of fratricide. 
 The initiative of Jefferson, the premier 
 expansionist, iu more than doubling the 
 area of the nation which Washington by 
 arms carried beyond the Ohio and by 
 treaty to llie lakes, was resumed by Mc- 
 Kinley, bis later understudy, till the Isles 
 of the sea were set in the diadem that 
 adorns the forcliead of the world's most 
 beautiful and benign republic. And the 
 fight of Jackson for honesty In dollars 
 was won under McKinley against the co- 
 horts of repudiation that stole the lively 
 
68 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 of the party of Jackson, the better to 
 deceive the unwary and to help on the 
 cause of bad morals in money and of bad 
 faith in policy in the world. The man. 
 dead to-day. who came to apparent sur- 
 prises, only found that they were new 
 huslis of old heresies which he was fight- 
 ing, and in fighting them he had the 
 courage, the company, the honor, the in- 
 spiration and the example of Washington, 
 .letferson. Jackson and Lincoln to help 
 him to a success as signal as their own. 
 Through the darkness he walked, and he 
 now treads the plains of light with them. 
 How greatly his nature as well as his 
 experience assisted him all can see in 
 the retrospect of his life. He had strong 
 passions. He learned to master them. 
 The ability was acquired in the school 
 of sorrow and in service of love ren- 
 dered to suffering. He was so devoted 
 to his wife that her constant invalidism 
 bred in him a self-control that nothing 
 in politics or government could disestab- 
 lish. In the sick room were learned and 
 strengthened the self-poise, the patience, 
 the silence, the fortitude, the serenity 
 and the spiritual refinement that made 
 him, as Mr. Hoar said, the best-beloved 
 of our Presidents. He charmed support. 
 He disarmed opposition. Nor were his 
 abilities inferior to the qualities which 
 adorned them. His was always the 
 wisest, least imprudent and most con- 
 vincing voice of his party. His was tTie 
 clearest and most conciliatory counsel. 
 He was not the most original or aggres- 
 sive, but he was the most effective of 
 Republican Presidents, since Lincoln. 
 He did things and he secured the doing 
 of things. His reasons were outwrought 
 Into results. The chieftains of his party 
 grounded their arms at his feet in life 
 as sincerely and whole heartedly as they 
 mingled their tears round those feet in 
 his death. But his singular success in 
 influencing legislation, in guiding admin- 
 istration and in persuading the people 
 bred in him neither vanity nor self-con- 
 fidence nor arrogance. He was modest, 
 grateful, self-effacing and almost diffi- 
 dent in his bearing. He rejoiced in 
 truthful estimate of his motive. He dis- 
 relished fulsome tributes to his talents 
 or skill. He loved the simplicities and 
 the realities, home, music, song, friend- 
 ship, fresh air, flowers, the sunlight, 
 trees, sky, birds and little children. Sta- 
 tion in nothing warped or perverted the 
 purity of the boy and the sincerity of tlie 
 tesenuous youth in the man of cares and 
 in the ruler of peoples. To the lowly he 
 was as courteous as to the great and to 
 both absolutely sincere. The forgiveness 
 he breathed for his murderer, the love he 
 expressed for his wife, the prayer he 
 uttered for his country and the faith 
 he expressed in God. in his dying hours, 
 indicated to their extremes the exquisite 
 union and balance of the great and the 
 tender and the true in his fine and fra- 
 grant character. 
 
 There must be no weakness in the recall 
 of his vli-tues and of his deeds. As he 
 drew from duty, country and opportunity 
 
 inspiration and capacity, so must Amer- 
 ica draw capacity and inspiration from 
 his career. The word of God to the sons 
 of men is Forward! Thankfulness that 
 we have had him must stimulate resolve 
 to keep our lives and our government on 
 the lines he laid down. That will unite 
 tribute and obligation. That will be his 
 countrymen's answer to his prayer to 
 the Power That guards our country and 
 That has taken our servant into the 
 silences. The man who succeeds him 
 in law and by the ordination of suffrage 
 is, like McKinley, a soldier, a statesman, 
 a patriot, an exemplar of religion and a 
 gentleman, experienced in varied fields of 
 affairs. To minor things he has shown 
 constitutional or temperamental irrita- 
 tion or impulsiveness. Confronting great 
 things he has never failed in great quali- 
 ties. The record and the benediction of 
 the man gone will abide with and infiu- 
 ence the man who .takes up his work. 
 His will be an inherited work, an inherit- 
 ed policy, a devolved duty. He is en- 
 titled to the confidence and co-operation 
 of his countrymen. He has risked his 
 life for their causes. He accedes to the 
 tasks bequeathed to him by one who 
 sacrificed his life in their service. The 
 hooded Providence which has ever pro- 
 tected and guided our people and which 
 has never failed in its requisition of men 
 for emergencies or of fit forces for fit 
 functions has the nation in charge still. 
 Theodore Roosevelt will be as obedient 
 unto the heavenly vision of duty as Will- 
 iam McKinley was, for each was born 
 and each by events was made American 
 to the core, and the American people not 
 only carry in themselves the power to 
 do the things the world needs to have 
 done, but they also carry in them the 
 power to make their Presidents equal to 
 the doing of those things, in their name, 
 as they are presented for estimate and for 
 action in the ordinary or in the extraor- 
 dinary occasions of our national life. 
 
 (Eagle. Saturday, September 14. 1901.) 
 
 The President's Surgeons. 
 
 A chorus of fault finding with Mr. Mc 
 Kinley's surgeons will doubtless be 
 heard to-day— loudest in rural districts 
 and the provinces. Editors of village 
 weeklies, who do not know quinine from 
 a tourniquet, and who would have sent 
 the local granny to Buffalo to cure the 
 wounded man with mullein lotion and 
 catnip tea, will explain just what course 
 ought to have been adopted, and how 
 the President would have gone back to 
 Washington in health if only his attend- 
 ants had done thus and so. Cocksure 
 ness is often in the inverse ratio to ex- 
 perience and understanding. In medical 
 matters the assertlveness of the amateur 
 is almost impressive. If they could have 
 their way some non-practitioners would 
 introduce here the alleged system of 
 China, whereby the physician is paid 
 only when he succeeds, and loses his 
 head If his patient dies. We may be sure 
 
 that the medical attendants of Mr. Mc- 
 Kinley did all they could for him. Noth- 
 ing was attempted that his condition did 
 not appear to call for, and there was no 
 experimentation. Every means for rest, 
 security and comfort was at his disposal 
 —the whole of the Milbum house, with 
 all its furniture and appointments; phy- 
 sicians, nurses, attendants, the diversion 
 of traffic from the street, the posting of a 
 military guard to prevent the encroach- 
 ment of a throng. The operations called 
 for were prompt and not unduly pro- 
 tracted. Great caution was used In ad- 
 ministering nourishment, and if it is 
 found that the taking of a little solid 
 food— a piece of toast only — into the 
 lacerated stomach, caused acute or dan- 
 gerous indigestion, the question comes 
 up as to whether the weakness due to 
 lack of adequate food would not have 
 been equally or more quickly fatal. 
 
 The declaration that physicians, in- 
 stead of surgeons, should have been em- 
 ployed, is odd, inasmuch as surgeons are 
 physicians. They make a specialty of 
 surgery, yet their training is needfully 
 that of the physician, and it will not be 
 claimed, for an instant, that a medical 
 specialist should have been employed to 
 operate for shot wounds. The medical 
 specialist was there, but his effort to save 
 the patient was futile. For it is to be 
 borne in mind that Mr. McKinley, in 
 spite of his robust constitution and tem- 
 perate life, had passed the meridian, and 
 had arrived at years where vitality does 
 not endure large drains upon it, where 
 the repair of injuries is slow, where all 
 bodily functions have moderated the ac- 
 tivity of youth, and it is possible that his 
 heart may have been affected by his 
 smoking habit. The real mischief of the 
 bullet will not be known till the post 
 mortem has been made, and it may be 
 found that the hurt was of such a nature 
 as to forbid the possibility of recovery 
 under the best of nursing, surgery and 
 medication. 
 
 No, there is nothing to arouse a na- 
 tional compunction as to the surgical 
 treatment of the President. His atten- 
 dants did what they believed for the best, 
 and what undoubtedly was for the best. 
 They did it, moreover, with a loving 
 kindness that was medicine in itself, and 
 they took the whole American people 
 into their confidence, as was that people's 
 right. For what they did to save a life 
 of value to the nat'on they deserve sin- 
 cerest praise, not blame. 
 
 (Eagle. Saturday. September 14, 1901.) 
 
 The Stricken Wife. 
 
 The sorrowing woman in Buffalo has 
 the sympathy of the nation to-day. The 
 beautiful relations which existed between 
 the dead husband and the bereaved wife 
 have been known of all men. And as the 
 result of this, among other things, Will- 
 iam McKinley was regarded with a pop- 
 ular affection whicli it has been the lot 
 of few men to inspire. And so there la 
 intense sympathy with the stricken wife. 
 
 k t 
 
THE MC KIN LEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 69 
 
 And there Is hope that the death of the 
 husband will not kill her also. Even 
 though It was only about three months 
 ago that Mrs. McKinley was near death 
 and had faced the thought that she 
 must part from her husband the shock Is 
 still a terrible one. And in the grief over 
 the national bereavement there Is still 
 tender thought of the living woman. May 
 the hopeful prayer that she be strong 
 and brave not be offered In vain. 
 
 fEacle, Monday, September 16. 1901.) 
 
 These Are Words of life. 
 
 The church rose to the occasion yester- 
 day. Confronted by a great tragedy in 
 which the very spirit of evil had reared 
 its head the pulpit proclaimed its mes- 
 sage of life. It is not necessai-y to par- 
 ticularize and to say that in this church 
 or that the obligations of religion were 
 fittingly set forth. They all, practically 
 without exception, seemed to understand 
 that a crisis like this was the proper time 
 to declare the gospel and Its power of 
 transforming the hearts of men as the 
 hope of the world not only for rooting out 
 anarchy, but all other kinds of evil. 
 
 We know the message of the church, 
 but It is forgotten too often. Even the 
 church at times seems to be Ignorant of 
 the great truth intrusted to it, and it 
 advocates human medicament for social 
 Ills. It says that we must pass this law 
 or that to compel men to turn men from 
 their wickedness and live. But that is 
 because of the weakness of human na- 
 ture. We want to see the reign of right- 
 eousness dawn at once, and cannot wait 
 for the slow processes of spiritual 
 growth. But the church has quickly 
 seen the futility of any statute dealing 
 with the assailant of law and order. 
 Politicians are talking about revising the 
 Immigration laws and about putting 
 gi'eater safeguards around the person of 
 the President. But in their hearts they 
 know that their prescriptions would cure 
 nothing. They know that so long as 
 there is the spirit of assassination here 
 law cannot prevent it from executing its 
 purpose. But In our impatience with an- 
 archy we grasp at the first remeU.v 
 which suggests itself, and are called back 
 to our senses by the voice of the church, 
 which declares that there is only one way 
 under heaven and among men by which 
 society can be saved. 
 
 The preachers used many of their set 
 phrases and formulas, but there was a 
 new meaning in them yesterday. They 
 became vital. When one man said we 
 should have more faith in God, and an- 
 other that anarchy was atheism tlielr 
 words meant much to their hearers. 
 "Atheism" carries with It a denial of all 
 moral obligation and a contempt for 
 moral law. God is law and denial of 
 Him Is denial of law. The church 
 preaches not only an overruling but a 
 ruling Providence, and it holds men to 
 ludividuai responsibility for their acts 
 
 and denies to them the right to judge the 
 acts of others. Czolgosz may charitably 
 be supposed to have thought the world 
 was out of joint. But the ti-ouble was 
 with him. He believed in the gospel of 
 the devil and he has done its perfect 
 work. Had he believed in the gospel of 
 righteousness he would have been will- 
 ing to lay down his own life to save that 
 of another, instead of deliberately taking 
 Ufe in the stupid effort to destroy govern- 
 ment. Never was the supreme folly of 
 evil better illustrated than in this case 
 and seldom has the beauty of righteous- 
 ness been better shown than in the way 
 in which the President died. And the 
 nation may take hope for the future 
 when it sees that the church luis noted 
 these things and proclaimed Its message 
 concerning them. 
 
 (Eagle, Tuesday, September 17, ISOl.) 
 
 The Procession Moves On, 
 
 The body of ex-President McKinley 
 was tenderly borne from Buffalo to 
 Washington on Monday. Monday night, 
 his mortal remains were placed in the 
 Executive Mansion. This morning, they 
 were carried with every evidence of sor- 
 row, reverence and love, to the Capitol. 
 Within the rotunda, to-day, amid a dis- 
 tinguished throng, the services of re- 
 ligion were conducted around the bier, 
 and to-night, the body of the man be- 
 loved will be taken to his Ohio home, 
 where afterward, they will be laid at 
 rest, awaiting the resurrection of the 
 just 
 
 The evidence is cumulative from all 
 parts of the land and from all parts of 
 the world that the death of no man has 
 so profoundly affected and prostrated 
 the human race since that of Lincoln 
 or of Washington. The personal element 
 in the grief is its most pronounced qual- 
 ity. So good was the man, that hun- 
 dreds of millions who never saw his face 
 nor heard his voice, mourn him as a 
 friend, much more than they deplore the 
 death of him as a President or the demise 
 of him as a statesman. 
 
 To those who never spoke or thought 
 evil of him, their omission of malevo- 
 lence and their superiority to wrongful 
 measurement constitute a great comfort 
 in these awful hours. To those who un- 
 intentionally misinterpreted tiim the dis- 
 closure which death has made of his 
 worth and work and the revelation of 
 heroic gentleness, signalized by his con- 
 duet in the exchange of worlds, afford 
 opportunity to-day for a rectification of 
 estimates which carries the justice of the 
 mind and the reparation of the heart well 
 nigh to the sublime. Those who ma- 
 ligned him can be forgotten or forgiven. 
 He forgave them, and he remembered 
 them only In the prayers on which his 
 serene soul ascended into the waiting and 
 welcoming heavens. 
 
 To-day the nation weeps. To-day tlie 
 world uncovers Its head as the stately 
 
 procession of the humble and the great, 
 of the lowly and of the exalted, all lov- 
 ers of him and all loved by him, moves 
 on, and on. The spectacle is impres- 
 sive, most impressive because sincere. 
 The sorrow is profound and acute — pro- 
 found, because it reaches to the very 
 bottom of the sensibilities of mankind; 
 acute, because the tragedy touches the 
 heartstrings of the race. 
 
 The United States can claim only prior- 
 ity of grief, paramountcy of bereave- 
 ment, and personal asset in the greatness 
 and goodness gone. Every nation in the 
 world moves to the side of the stricken 
 republic, with conscious right to a share 
 in the honors paid, confessing a sense of 
 common loss and baring its heart to a" 
 universal grief. The cause for which this 
 man died is the cause of government 
 among men. The wickedness which 
 struck its shaft through him had for its 
 objective the order it would disestablish, 
 the rights it would destroy, and the regu- 
 lated freedom it would displace with 
 moral and political chaos. The crime 
 committed was homicide. The crime de- 
 signed was liberticide. All the sane 
 realize that order remains, that rights 
 are secure, that government of the peo- 
 ple, for the people and by the people is 
 unimpaired, and that the blood of the 
 martyr will be the seed of governed 
 freedom and honored righteousness for 
 generations to come. 
 
 To-day thought also goes from the dead 
 to the living. It goes from the pale and 
 sacred clay of William McKinley to her 
 toward whom went out his last thoughts, 
 and for whom went up his last prayers. 
 All will hope that unto her may be 
 vouchsafed the supports of her religion, 
 the consolations of her Gospel, the forti- 
 tudes of her faith, and the uplift of his 
 love for her and of her love for him, 
 through the days of deprivation, through 
 the months of memory, through the years 
 of waiting, till God's love sets her by 
 his side again. 
 
 The mystery and the mission of this 
 dispensation will be made plain. The 
 nation is to-day dominated by Its grief. 
 But it has overcome its fears. It Is pro- 
 ceeding in orderly way to the grave of 
 him who was sacrificed in Its service. 
 In due and decent time it will resume 
 the duties which by common consent 
 have been deferred. It will resume them 
 with a chastened spirit, but with an un- 
 faltering and clarified purpose. It will 
 resume them with a sense of dedication 
 to the right, xmder the baptism of a su- 
 preme sorrow, with loyalty to constituted 
 authority and to enacted law, and with 
 the consciousness and confidence that 
 the Uuler of nations and of men will 
 order the destiny and denote the duty 
 of the government founded by those who 
 revered Him, saved by those who wor- 
 shiped Him and by them bequeathed to 
 a people that can humbly and sincerely 
 say— as the man called home (ftd humbly 
 and sincerely say— "'Thy will, not our*. 
 be done I" 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 (Eagle. Thursday, September 19. 1901.) 
 
 Meaning of His Life. 
 
 To-day has been committed back to 
 nature all that is mortal of William Mc- 
 Kinley. His body -will rest until the Res- 
 urrection in the soil of his native state 
 and in the community which he called his 
 home during all the years of his civic 
 life. A funeral orderly in all its arrange- 
 ments, Impressive in all its stages, as ex- 
 peditious as comported with the dignities 
 and the decencies of procedure, began in 
 Buffalo on Sunday, and came to an end 
 in Canton this afternoon. Nothing was 
 done to evoke, to stimulate or to capital- 
 ize public feeling. Nothing spectacular, 
 dramatic, artificial or ulterior has marked 
 the progress to sepulture. The ceremonies 
 have been as simple as those of the Wes- 
 leyan faith in which the departed lived 
 and died. The addresses and the prayers 
 enlisted the service only of the clergy 
 from whom he received the ordinary min- 
 istrations of religion. Just enough of 
 pageantry to combine protection with the 
 suggestion of his late headship of our 
 government was allowed. Exemplary in 
 his life, exemplary in his death, this man 
 has been the subject of obsequies that 
 should be exemplary for sincerity and 
 simplicity in their lesson to all who are 
 called to pass under the ordination of 
 sorrow. 
 
 How genuine, how cumulative, how 
 increasingly oppressive the sense of loss, 
 every heart attests to itself and attests 
 to evei-y other heart. Friends meet with 
 a handclasp, a wan face looks into a 
 wan face, not a word is exchanged, only 
 a pressure, and they pass on. Or per- 
 fect strangers to one another, on cars 
 or streets, or in miu'ts, fall to talking 
 with the tenderness of intimacy, in the 
 hushed utterance whiCh proximity to 
 suffering prescribes. And their talk is 
 about their common sorrow. It is im- 
 possible to bring any other subejct into 
 the mind. The mind repels any other 
 subject. The nation is a single mourner. 
 The millions are melted into the unity of 
 a grief at once personal and universal. 
 iWell that the funeral has been expedited. 
 The strain on feeling has been and is so 
 great that the prolongation of it would 
 be perilous to the balances of strength 
 and even of sanity, in numberless in- 
 stances. 
 
 As said, nothing has been done to 
 evoke this. The event alone has evoked 
 it But that event will divide eminence 
 in history with the response of the hearts 
 of the peoples of the whole world to it. 
 To-day, from Luzon to Porto Rleo, from 
 Mount Desert to San Antonio, from 
 Alaska to Key "West, and at all points, 
 within our dominion, between those ex- 
 tremes, there is the mourning sugges- 
 tive of that of Rachel weeping for her 
 children, and refusing to be comforted 
 because they are not. The sadness is 
 so profound, the sorrow is so supreme. 
 the numbers uniting in it are so great. 
 the area over which they are diffused 
 
 is so vast that the methods taken to de- 
 note the feeling are inadequate to do so. 
 Yet those methods have never had 
 parallel In the annals of emotional ex- 
 pression. The flags of the nations of the 
 world at half staff throughout every land 
 and on every sea are signally symbolic 
 of the oneness of humanity under suf- 
 fering. The thronged cathedrals, syna- 
 gogues, mosques, temples, churches and 
 chapels of every faith which has a God 
 to worship to-day resound with the 
 tones of music, of prayer or of eulogy, 
 sorrow, consolation and sympathy, all 
 elicited because a man that was is no 
 more. At a set time to-day, every form 
 of energy which science has taught man 
 to employ in travel or in commerce or 
 in production was simultaneously ar- 
 rested for a fixed period. The homage 
 of the suspension of action has been un- 
 known before. It will hereafter take its 
 place in the category of tribute and of 
 love. We are seeing to-day and we are 
 doing to-day what was never seen and 
 what was never done in this world be- 
 fore. Though the fact is startling, it does 
 not .startle. It but seems to be normal 
 and appropriate. There is not a sugges- 
 tion of extravagance or excess carried 
 by it. Character never commanded 
 honor equal to this in the past. Had 
 man the power, he would supplement the 
 suspension of his own activity with the 
 suspension of the processes of nature 
 herself, to make the expression absolute. 
 Nothing can happen in vain. Less 
 than two weeks dead, William McKinley 
 has already in death and by death done 
 for the unity of nations, for the strength- 
 ening of the foundations of government, 
 for the revival of the love of order, for 
 the quickening of the securities of so- 
 ciety, for the coronation of conscience in 
 public service, more than he was enabled 
 to do for a party, or for a people, or for 
 a republic, in war or In peace, in the 
 whole of his diligent, effective and 
 extraordinary life. And as by death 
 and through death this has been done, 
 so by and through the monumental 
 tributes which his life has received, in 
 his death, will yet other stupendous 
 things be done. Already the exterior 
 hunt for the causes to account for his 
 sacrifice is giving way to the better 
 employment of personal heart-searching 
 in the case of every one of us, that we 
 may find out in what degree we are 
 blamable, by commission or by omission 
 of act, for any of the conditions which 
 made that sacrifice possible. We all 
 know that the outside offenses of reck- 
 less writing, reckless picturing, reckless 
 speech and reckless demonstration were 
 reprehensible — and have become abhor- 
 rent. We all know that appeals to sec- 
 tional jealousy, to class hatred and to 
 general distrust were wrong — and are 
 condemned. But do we all know that 
 our very condemnation of them may not 
 have been marked by as bad a spirit 
 against their practitioners as was the 
 spirit of those practitioners against him? 
 Do we all know that, as friends of or- 
 
 der, upholders of authority, advocates 
 of honesty, as preachers of our beliefs, 
 we have been free from malice, hatred, 
 unchai-itableness and any evil speaking? 
 The beam in our own eye should be more 
 our solicitude than the beam in the eye 
 of our brother. We should judge not, if 
 we would not be judged, for with what 
 judgment we judge we shall be judged, 
 and with what measure we mete It shall 
 be mea.sured unto us again. This is or 
 should be the hour of inside examina- 
 tion, not of outside inquest. He Who, 
 when reviled, reviled not again, was the 
 Ideal of the man who is dead. All the 
 friends of that man have not followed 
 him who in adhesion to that rule tried 
 to follow Christ, Not a few of us have 
 advocated against Anarchy that which, 
 if named, should be called in the name 
 of Anarchy itself. 
 
 There must be punishment for guilt. 
 There must be ascertainment of direct 
 and of indirect responsibility for guilt. 
 But there must be no perversion of that 
 pursuit to vindictiveuess, to injustice, to 
 barbarism, and to false accusation. 
 There must be oblivion of former differ- 
 ences and there must be amnesty for 
 former errors. To that oblivion every can- 
 did man would contribute not a few of 
 the methods, not a few of the words, and 
 not a small portion of the conduct mark- 
 ing his own participation in the battles 
 of affairs. Of that amnesty for errors 
 every such man would be a partaker. Not 
 reprisal, but reform, not wrath, but re- 
 pentance, not hate, but help, is the need 
 of this testing time. The act of Anarchy 
 should cause no transfer of its diabolical 
 temper from the few to the many. Those 
 who honor McKinley would only dis- 
 honor him and themselves by hospitality 
 in their hearts to the spirit of Mcxvinley's 
 murderer. Such as have unwittingly 
 yielded, if but for a moment, to that 
 spirit, under the unsteadying shock of 
 horror and sorrow, should remember 
 that spirituality expelled savagery from 
 the breast of the late President — and 
 should expel it from the breasts of all 
 his countrymen. 
 
 We are sure that the man who is dead 
 would have his fellowmen made better, 
 and not worse, by his death, and would 
 have them make themselves so. We are 
 sure that he would counsel brotherhood, 
 not acrimony: that he would preach faith, 
 and not suspicion; that he would have 
 our parties exemplify patriotism, and not 
 pessimism; that he would have our 
 statesmanship inspired by humanity, and 
 not by hardness; that he would have 
 capitalism realize that the rule of gold 
 should be the Golden Rule, and labor 
 realize that one for all and all for one 
 should never be perverted into all 
 against any, or into any against all; that 
 he would have our journalism, which 
 has adhered to ideals, adhere to them 
 more and more faithfully and zealously, 
 and our journalism that has abandoned 
 them, or that never was marked by tnem, 
 make ideals their standard instead of the 
 barbarism of sensationalism, and the 
 
 I i 
 
THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 71 
 
 8ordidity of deviltry. There has been too 
 much of cynicism, of uncharitableness, 
 and of the glorification of materialistic 
 power and of frivolous pleasure. There 
 has been too much attribution of un- 
 worthy motives and too much imputation 
 against good ones. There has been too 
 much catering to the classes, and too 
 much truckling and coddling meant for 
 the masses. The moral tone of society, 
 of politics and of debate has been too 
 lowering. The development of America 
 to its highest possibilities has not been 
 the purpose in too many instances. 
 
 And there must be a return to religion. 
 Not to the religion of sectarianism, but 
 to any faith which man finds will relign 
 or realign or relignature or religion his 
 soul back to God. For Anarchy and 
 Atheism differ in spelling only. Not all 
 atheists are anarchists, but all anarchists 
 are avowedly atheists, their only God, 
 themselves; their only law, their will; 
 their only desire, to act their will on what 
 and whom they hate, and their only hate 
 directed against the principle of God in 
 the world and of God in the heart, the 
 principle which underlies all government 
 and all worship, and of which all govern- 
 ment and all worship is the expression, 
 however imperfect the denotement, how- 
 ever bad the outworking of it, however 
 lamentable the disparities incident to it. 
 
 Not necessarily the opinions of McKin- 
 ley need be or remain the creed of his 
 countrymen. Not necessarily the achieve- 
 ments of McKinley need cease to divide 
 his countrymen. He claimed no finality 
 for his views. He demanded no unanim- 
 ity of thought on his deeds. But he was 
 patient, just, tender, forgiving, unselfish, 
 charitable, considerate, pure, chivalrous 
 and loving. His magnanimity was com- 
 plete. His longanimity was absolute. He 
 
 learned in suffering what he wrought 
 and taught in service. His spirit trans- 
 lated into conduct makes a character 
 worthy and certain of immortality. On 
 the highest plane of earthly observation, 
 in the grandest employment given to 
 man, he illustrated that character. It is 
 that character which was his best pos- 
 session and is our best heritage. It Is 
 by making over our characters Into like- 
 ness to his that we can as a nation and 
 as individuals prove our title to any right 
 in his deathless fame. Of religion, of 
 belief in God, of fear and of love of God 
 that character was the product, and the 
 product prescribes as well as commends 
 its cause to the heart of a world made 
 richer and better by his life-and poorer 
 by his death to-day. 
 
 (Eagle. Thursday. Septcmoer 19. ISOl.) 
 
 England's Sympathy. 
 
 In this dark hour the sympathy of 
 England is consoling, and the manner of 
 it is surprising. Usually the mourning 
 for the death of a foreign ruler or repre- 
 sentative is perfunctory, and consists in 
 the passing of a few resolutions of condo- 
 lence and in the half masting of the flags 
 for a day. In this case it seems as If the 
 English were outdoing ourselves In the 
 show of interest and the expressions of 
 regret. The newspapers are giving more 
 space to the funeral and the progress of 
 the train to Canton than they recently 
 gave to the news of all America. Editor- 
 ial comments on the event and on the 
 character of the President have been of 
 a kind that might with equal fitness have 
 been printed in the American papers. In 
 three great churches, St Paul's, West- 
 
 minister and the Temple, funeral services 
 are nearly coincident with those in Can- 
 ton. Several oflacial functions have been 
 deferred, several societies have adjourned 
 their meetings, the American theaters are 
 closed, there is a display of half masted 
 flags and mourning draperies, even busi- 
 ness has been temporarily suspended fn 
 some quarters, and society is grave and 
 silent, for the nonce. 
 
 It Is agreed that the death of no person, 
 not an Englishman, has called forth such 
 a remarkable expression in England as 
 that of Mr. McKinley. It occurred at 
 about the time of the millennial celebra- 
 tion of the death of Alfred the Great, 
 and It emphasizes the race continuity of 
 the Saxon, the dominance of the cool and 
 righteous law that he founded, the per- 
 sistence of Saxon energy and progress, 
 and the fealty of all members of the 
 brotherhood, though parted by conti- 
 nents and seas, though living under 
 kings or presidents. Everywhere in the 
 world, that it more and more dominates, 
 the standards of morals, conduct, 
 thought and social life pertain, against 
 the weak aggressions of Latins, Slavs 
 and barbarians. Wherever flies the 
 American or English flag there will be 
 justice and liberty. If it is claimed that 
 in the formation of new governments in 
 colonies harsh measures are needfully 
 used, it IS that milder ones may be se- 
 cure when the time comes for their in- 
 stallation. We are excelled in arts by 
 the South Europeans; they know better 
 than we the means for softening the as- 
 perities of life; but the forces that move 
 the world have their centers in North 
 Europe and the United States, and the 
 Incidents in Enghond promise that those 
 forces shall work the surer, because thej 
 wlU work In unison. 
 
Pi^esi Jent Theodoi^e Roosevelt. 
 
 CEREMONY OF INDUCTING WILLIAM McKINLEY'S STJCCESSOR. 
 
 Soon alter the arrival of Vice President Theodore Roosevelt at Buffalo, from the Adirondacks, he was called 
 upon, in view of the sad situation, and in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, to assume his obliga- 
 tions and responsibilities as the President of the United States. The ceremony took place on Saturday afternoon, 
 September 14, in the Wilcox mansion. 
 
 Tie Vice President stood on the aouth side 
 of the room, with his baclc to a small win- 
 dow, and the members of the Cabinet and the 
 men present stood in a circle facing him. For 
 some time Mr. Roosevelt talked in whispers 
 with Secretary Root, his arm over the Secre- 
 tary's shoulder. Then Secretary Root stepped 
 back a few paces, and the Vice President 
 stood motionless by the side of Judge Hazel. 
 There was a dead silence of several seconds, 
 and then Secretary Root said: 
 
 "Mr. Vice President, I have been requested 
 by ali of the members of the Cabinet of the 
 late President McKinley who are present in 
 the City of Buffalo, being all except two, to 
 request that for reasons of weight affecting 
 the administration of the government you 
 shall proceed without delay to take the con- 
 gtitutlcnal oath of office as President of the 
 United States." 
 
 Judge Hazel stepped forward and stood be- 
 side Secretary Root, facing Mr. Roosevelt. 
 The new President reached up and took hold 
 of the lapel of the frock coat which he wore, 
 and after one or two quick efforts to control 
 himself began speaking. He, too, had diffi- 
 culty in governing hU voice and in keeping 
 down his emotion. He spoke very slowly. 
 He said: 
 
 "I shall take the oath at once in response 
 to your request; and in this hour of deep and 
 terrible national bereavement I wish to state 
 that it shall be my aim to continue absolutely 
 unbroken the policy of President McKinley 
 for the peace and prosperity of our beloved 
 country." 
 
 The Oath Administered. 
 
 Mr. Roosevelt stepped back into the recess 
 of the window and Judge Hazel advanced 
 toward him. In the Judge's hand was an 
 engrossed copy of the oath. 
 
 "Please raise your right hand and repeat 
 after me," said Judge Hazel. Mr. Roosevelt 
 raised his hand. Judge Hazel read the oath 
 olause by clause and phrase by phrase, and 
 
 at each pause, President Roosevelt, with an 
 intense earnestness which has always char- 
 acterized him when speaking, repeated the 
 words. 
 
 "I, Theodore Roosevelt, do solemnly swear 
 that I will faithfully execute," said the new 
 President, and then the oath continued, "the 
 office of President of the United States and 
 will to the best of my ability preserve, pro- 
 tect and defend the Constitution of the Unit- 
 ed States." 
 
 "And thus I swear," added the new Pres- 
 ident after a pause before he dropped his 
 hand to his side. His head was bowed on 
 his breast. There were sounds which told 
 that he was not the only one who had not 
 been able to maintain his composure. It was 
 fully three minutes before he raised his head 
 and spoke. 
 
 "Mr. President," said Judge Hazel, hand- 
 inf the engrossed oath to him, "please at- 
 tach your signature." 
 
 The President turned to a table near the 
 window and wrote near the bottom of the 
 document in the homely characters which 
 have always distinguished his handwrltini?, 
 "Theodore Roosevelt." 
 
 After signing the document he turned to 
 the others In the room and said: 
 
 "I should like to see the members of the 
 Cabinet for a few moments after the others 
 have retired." Then, with the traces of the 
 feeling he had shown while accepting and 
 assuming the office, still discoverable by his 
 voice, he advanced gravely to the members 
 of the Cabinet. 
 
 "I should gladly shake hands with you 
 all," he said. 
 
 He shook hands with every one in the 
 room, and then all except the members of 
 the Cabinet filed out. 
 
 President Roosevelt's first Cabinet meet- 
 ing was held in the same room in which he 
 bad been sworn in. It lasted for nearly an 
 hour. It was agreed In the consultation 
 , that the first and most important step was 
 
 the retention In office of all the membera 
 of President McKlnley's Cabinet. 
 
 The members of the Cabinet were urged 
 to retain their portfolios, even at the ex- 
 pense to themselves of some personal sac- 
 rifice. Having received satisfactory assur- 
 ances to this effect the President declared 
 the meeting adjourned. 
 
 President Koosevelt's Policy Outlined. 
 
 President Roosevelt took early occasion to 
 make a statement of the outline of his policy, 
 v/liich is as follows: 
 
 A more liberal and extensive reciprocity 
 in the purchase and sale of commodities, so 
 that the overproduction of this country can 
 be satisfactorily disposed of by fair and 
 equitable arrangements with foreign coun- 
 tries. 
 
 The abolition entirely of commercial war 
 with other countries and the adoption ol 
 reciprocity, treaties. 
 
 The abolition of such tariffs on foreign 
 goods as are no longer needed for revenue, 
 if such abolition can be had without harm 
 to this country's industries and labor. 
 
 Direct commercial lines to be established 
 between the eastern coast of the United 
 States and the ports in South America, and 
 the Pacific coast ports and Mexico, Central 
 America and South America. 
 
 The encouragmg of the merchant marine 
 ond the building of ships which shall carry 
 the American flag and be owned and con- 
 trolled by Americans and American capital. 
 
 The building and completion as soon as is 
 possible of the Isthmian canal, so as to give 
 direct water communication with the coasts 
 of Central America, South America and Mex- 
 ico. 
 
 The construction of a cable, owned by the 
 government, connecting the mainland of the 
 United States with foreign possessions, nota- 
 bly Hawaii and the Philippines. 
 
 The use of conciliatory methods of arbltra- 
 
ffHB MC KINLET MEMOKIAU 
 
 M 
 
 tlon In all disputes with fcelgn nations 80 
 as to avoid armed strife. 
 
 The protection of the savings of the people 
 In banks and in other forms of Investments 
 by the preservation of the commercial pros- 
 perity of the country and the placing In po- 
 sitions of trust men of only the highest In- 
 tegrity. 
 
 (Eagle. Sunday. September 16. 1901.) 
 
 President Theodore Roosevelt. 
 
 Theodore Roosevelt has become Presi- 
 dent of the United States. He was 
 chosen to become President of the United 
 States, iu the event of the disqualifica- 
 tion of William McKlnley. for any cause 
 covered by the Constitution, to fill the 
 office. He was thus contingently chosen 
 \3 the Chief Magistracy. But the cou- 
 tingeney was not apprehended or borne 
 in mind by the generality of voters. He 
 was nominated as an Eastern man with 
 Western qualities, to be the running mate 
 of a Western man with Eastern qualities, 
 and to add to the ticket the touch of 
 originality, audacity and enthusiasm 
 which would be effective in all parts of 
 the country and especially in those por- 
 tions in which Roosevelt qualities are at 
 a premium. 
 
 That he strengthened the ticl;et is un- 
 questionable. That, when Wiiiliam Mc- 
 Kinley was in health, Theodore Roosevelt 
 was more liliely than any other man to 
 be nominated in 1904, as his successor, 
 was apparent to every one who realized 
 that the purposes of the masses of a 
 party are stronger than the plans or 
 plots of mauagers or of lesser politicians. 
 "Everybody's Friend," in the person of 
 Mr. Fairbaulcs, plainly "had hopes." 
 There were thrifty servitors who pushed 
 the nomination toward Mr. Haiina, or 
 souglit to push him toward it, unmindful 
 of the fact that the American people 
 never have named a party manager for 
 President, and of the further fact that 
 the control of nominations is more im- 
 portant to Mr. Hanna, and would per- 
 haps be more beneficial to his party, than 
 w^ould be the selection of him as the 
 nominee. Mr. Roosevelt would have had 
 the Northwestern States, beginning with 
 Illinois, all the commonwealths beyond 
 the Rocky Mountains, and live of the six 
 New England States in his support, to 
 Bay nothing of at least some of the dis- 
 tricts of New York State, had politics 
 and events maintained a normal and ex- 
 pected course without the intervention of 
 tragedy, and the precipitation of execu- 
 tive responsibilities upon him. 
 
 That Is how matters stood before the 
 foul attack on Mr. McKinley. They are 
 gravely altered now. Mr. Roosevelt Is 
 President of the United States. He will, 
 for nearly three and one-half years, be 
 the Chief Magistrate. His term will be 
 longer than tliat of Fillmore or of Ar- 
 thur, but shorter than that of Tyler or 
 of Johnson, who, as Vice Presidents, 
 were advanced by the death of Chief 
 
 Magistrates to the BsecuHve office. The 
 accession of Mr. Roosevelt follows prece- 
 dent. Not until the elected Executive 
 was dead, did any one of our Vice Presi- 
 dents qualify as President. The expec- 
 tation is warranted that no physical dis- 
 ability of the President will be accepted 
 by any Vice President as a reason for 
 assuming the office, except at the written 
 request of the disabled President or of 
 his Cabinet. And as such a request has 
 never been made^ It is unlikely that it 
 ever ■will be. 
 
 It is passingly noteworthy that no 
 Democratic President ever died In of- 
 fice. Two Whig Chief Magistrates, 
 William Henry Harrison and Zachary 
 Taylor, died in office by disease. Three 
 Republican Chief Magisti-ates, Lincoln, 
 Garfield and McKinley, died in office 
 as the result of assassination. The two 
 Republican Vice Presidents who became 
 Presldeuts supplied very different ad- 
 ministrations. That of Andrew John- 
 son put him at odds with his party, and 
 nearly cost him impeachment. Their 
 quarrel resembled and exceeded that be- 
 tween the Whig party and John Tyler. 
 The presidency of Chester A. Arthur 
 tended toward decorum, conciliation and 
 Ju.stice. A faction of his party was 
 chilled toward him, because he respected 
 the mandate or imijress which suffrage 
 had put upon the Presidency, In the 
 election of Garfield, and because he re- 
 fused to repay in kind the reprisals 
 which Blaine and Garfield were charged 
 with intending to wage on the stalwart 
 wing of Republicanism. President Ar- 
 thur is remembered with respect and 
 affection. President .Tohnson with di- 
 vided feelings. President Fillmore with 
 indifference and President Tyler well 
 nigh with conienijit. These are the ex- 
 amples presented to the observation of 
 President Roosevelt. There is no qiies- 
 tion as to which can be well avoided 
 and which well followed. The Arthur 
 presidency brought so much honor to 
 its incumbent, so much tranquillity and 
 satisfaction to the country and shines 
 with such respect in history as to make 
 the spirit of it mandatory, at least on 
 Republican Vice Presidents transferred 
 by tragedy to the Presidency itself. 
 
 Moreover, we all have President Roose- 
 velt's estimate of President Arthur's ad- 
 ministration, lie recoi'ded It in the Re- 
 publican State Convention of New York 
 In lS8t, and In the Republican National 
 Convention of the same jear. In both 
 he voted foi- the nomination of President 
 Arthur to be his own successor. In both 
 he voted against the nomination of Mr. 
 Blaine for the Presidency, but he ac- 
 cepted the result and supported Mr 
 Blaine on the stump and at the polls. 
 Here wc have proof that President Theo- 
 dore Roosevelt thought that President 
 Arthur deserved a nomination on his own 
 account, because of the kind of Presi- 
 dent he made, when transferred from the 
 Vice Presidential office to the Chief 
 Magistracy. That is a fact to remember. 
 It has contemporary and prophetic as 
 
 well as historical significance. It Is 
 something from which the country can 
 draw reassurance. The unexpected and 
 the Inconsistent must occur to rebut tlie 
 presumption which the fact presents. 
 
 Mr. McKinley was elected not merely 
 to do certain things and to continue cer- 
 tain things, but to stamp on the conduct 
 of the government itself his own charac- 
 ter and temperament, so to speak. The 
 character and temperament of Mr. Roose- 
 velf are different from those of Mr. Mc- 
 Kinley, and he will not be expected even 
 to 'try to part with them, in his own 
 Presidency. If he tried, he would faU, 
 and any seeming success, even of imita- 
 tion, would be shallow, Insincere, inef- 
 fective and unsatisfactory. But he can 
 be trusted to bring to bear upon his work 
 the stamp of the McKinley policy. That 
 Is a sacred obligation, a party pledge 
 and a public mandate. It is also in 
 consonance with Mr. Roosevelt's entire 
 record. Honest Money, Expansion, the 
 paramountcy of Federal law, the main- 
 tenance of order, dignified administra- 
 tiou, an adequate Army, a constantly 
 augmeutiug Navy, the prestige of the 
 flag aiiroad and at home, the transforma- 
 tion liy education and authority of our 
 colonial dependencies into fitness for a 
 reasonable degree of self government, 
 the treatment of the tariff as a means 
 and ndt an end, the Impartial recogni- 
 tion of I lie equal right of capital and of 
 labor to combine, and of both to resent 
 the oppressions of combination, with 
 other principles and policies which com- 
 mend and suggest themselves, will be at 
 characterustio of President Roosevelt a» 
 tliey were of his lamented predecessor. 
 
 We think what we may call the veloc- 
 ity of administration will be greater 
 under President Roosevelt than It was 
 under almost any preceding President. 
 He has genius. For better or worse, 
 genius can be vvritten against none of 
 our Presidents but Jefferson and Lin- 
 coln. Talents of high order have 
 marked some great Presidents, and 
 strength of purpose has marked even 
 some of our mediocre Presidents. But 
 the sentient. Initiatory, creative and 
 original quality of genius has been ex- 
 ceptional among Presidents, and the 
 American people have been indisposed 
 to vest the Presidency in candidates 
 tliat have had it. The failure of Blaine 
 and of Cl.iy to be elected has been ex- 
 plained by that reluctance, and Mr. 
 Bryan would very much like to have his 
 own failure attributed to the same cause. 
 Frankly, we do not know whether talent, 
 plus genius, is best In the Presidency, or 
 talent without the more brilliant quality. 
 In times of ordinary import, as now. 
 Frankly, we are not afraid of the ex- 
 periment, though experiment we recog- 
 nize It to be. 
 
 Theodore Roosevelt as Governor of 
 New York filled the most Important ex- 
 ecutive oflice in the land, saving the one 
 which he now holds. As Governor, he 
 I did the things, the continuance of which 
 has brought praise to his successor. 
 
*^ 
 
 74 
 
 THE MC KINLEY MEMORIAL. 
 
 he refused to do the things, the renewed 
 refusal of his successor to do which has 
 likewise covered the latter with honor. 
 He passed reform laws no party will ever 
 dare repeal, and the emasculation of 
 ■which in administration will discredit 
 any man and defeat any party attempting 
 It. He also made removals of men, the 
 refusal to reinstate whom has won ad- 
 miration for Governor Odell. And he 
 appointed men, the reappointment of 
 whom by Governor Odell has brought 
 distinguished credit to the present state 
 executive. And, whUe Mr. Roosevelt 
 consulted with the machine, he refused 
 Its demands more often than he accepted 
 them and he forced on it his own de- 
 mands much more frequently than it 
 
 would like in the open to admit. Be- 
 sides which, the machine remembers 
 with respect and with regard that he 
 never deceived it and never sought to 
 make capital for himself by its ostenta- 
 tious humiliation. The truth-teller and 
 the truth-worker in our Governorship is 
 likely to be the same in that larger Gov- 
 ernorship called the Presidency of the 
 United States. 
 
 That the best of these predictions and 
 propositions will be realized is apparent 
 from the solemn words of the new Presi- 
 dent on taking the oath of office in Buf- 
 falo, Saturday afternoon. He said: 
 
 "In this hour of deep and national be- 
 reavement, I wish to state that it shall 
 be my aim to continue absolutely and 
 without variance the policy of President 
 
 McKinley for the peace, prosperity and 
 honor of our beloved country." 
 
 Those are few words, but fit. The faith 
 of the man is registered in them and 
 pledged to them. The faith of the coun- 
 try in the man is such that they believe 
 he will do all he can to keep his pledge. 
 His party will do well to govern itself ac- 
 cordingly. Its chieftains and managers 
 and machines will do well to take notice 
 of his words. The words leave to him- 
 self adequate initiative of methods and 
 adequate freedom of choice in the se- 
 lection of Cabinet agents and of all other 
 instruments. But they hold him with 
 bonds of honor to the substantiality of 
 McKinleyism in government, and their 
 effect upon the public heart, the public 
 mind and the public hope will be all that 
 could be desired.