January 10 and 26, 1900 
 

 MEMORIAL ADDRE 
 
 LIFE AND CHARACTER 
 
 GARRET A. HOBART 
 
 SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 
 
 FIF1 \ -SI XTH CONG K ESS, 
 First Sessh in. 
 
 WASHINGTOM : 
 
 GOVERNMEN1 PRINTING ol 
 igoo. 
 

CONTENTS. 
 
 I'mree'line,^ in the Senate 5 
 
 Address of — 
 
 Mi SEWELL, of New Jerse} 9 
 
 Mr. Daniel, of Virginia 16 
 
 Mr. DEFEW, of New York 22 
 
 Mr. C0CKRELL, of Missouri 29 
 
 Mr. Cullom, of Illinois 34 
 
 Mr. Davis, of Minnesota 39 
 
 Mr. Morgan, of Alabama . 43 
 
 Mr. Chandler, of New Hampshire . ... 48 
 
 Mr. Lodge, of Massachusetts 54 
 
 Mr. Caffery, of Louisiana ... 60 
 
 Mr. ALLEN, of Nebraska 63 
 
 Mr. Kean, of New Jersey 67 
 
 Proceedings in the House of Representatives 73 
 
 Address of 
 
 Mr. STEWART, of New Jersey 77 
 
 Mr. Payne, of New York So 
 
 Mr. DALZELL, of Pennsylvania 85 
 
 Mr. Brosius, of Pennsylvania 91 
 
 Mr. RICHARDSON, of Tennessee . . . . 96 
 
 Mr. PARKER, of New Jersey [CO 
 
 Mr. Dolliver, of Iowa 106 
 
 Mr. Daly, of New Jersey ...... . .. 115 
 
 Mr. Fowler, of New Jersey 125 
 
 Mr. Glynn, of New York 1211 
 
 Mr Salmon, of New Jersey 130 
 
 Mr. Grosvenor, of Ohio 139 
 
 Mr. Gardner, of New Jersey 144 
 
 3 
 
Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate. 
 
 December 4, 1S99. 
 
 Mr. SEWELL. Mr. 1'ivsident, it becomes my painful duty 
 to announce to the Senate the death of Garret A. Hobart, 
 of New Jersey, Vice-President of the United States and pre- 
 siding officer of this body, and to offer the resolutions which 
 I send to the desk. 
 
 The President pro tempore. The resolutions will be 
 read. 
 
 The Secretary read the resolutions, as follows: 
 
 Resolved, Thai n ceived with the deepest regret informa- 
 
 tion oi the death of Garret Augustus Hobart, late Vice-President of 
 the United States. 
 
 ,/, That the business of the Senate be suspended in order that 
 tin- distinguished publii deci ised and the virtm 
 
 private character may Ik- fittingly commemorated. 
 
 •, 'i'li. it tin Secretary oi the Senate be instructed to communi- 
 cate tins,- resolutions to tin- House of Representatives. 
 
 Mr. SEWELL. I ask that the resolutions may lie mi the 
 table, tu he called up by me at a convenient season in the 
 near future. 
 
 The President pro tempore. It will he so ordered. 
 
 Mi. K.EAN. Mr. President, I move, as a further mark of 
 respect tu the memory of the late Vice-President, that the 
 Senate do now adjourn. 
 
6 Proceedings in the Senate. 
 
 The motion was unanimously agreed to; and (at 12 
 o'clock and 30 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until 
 to-morrow, Tuesday, December 5, 1S99, at 12 o'clock 
 meridian. 
 
 December 11, 1S99. 
 Air. CtALUNGER submitted the following resolution; 
 which was referred to the Committee to Audit and Control 
 the Contingent Expenses of the Senate : 
 
 Ri wived, That the Secretary of the Senate he, and he hereby is, author- 
 1 ed and directed to pay from the miscellaneous items of the contingent 
 fund of the Senate the actual and necessary expenses incurred liv direction 
 of tile President pro tempore in arranging lor and attending the funeral 
 of the late Vice-President of the United States and President of the Senate, 
 ('.arret A. Hobart, at Paterson, X. J., on the 25th of November, 1S99, upon 
 vouchers to be approved by the Committee to Audit and Control the 
 Contingent Expenses .if the Senate. 
 
 December 13, 1899. 
 
 Mr. JONES of Arkansas, from the Committee to Audit and 
 Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate, to whom 
 was referred the resolution submitted by Air. Gallinger on 
 the nth instant, reported it without amendment; and it 
 was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to, as 
 follows: 
 
 ,/. That the Secretary of the Senate be, and he hereby is, author- 
 ized and directed t.. pay from the miscellaneous items of the contingent 
 fund of the Senate the actual and necessary expenses incurred by direction 
 ..f the President pro tempore in arranging fur and attending the funeral 
 of the late Vice-President of the United States and President of the Senate, 
 I rai mi A. Hobart, at Paterson, N. J., on the 25th of November, 1S99, upon 
 vouchers t.. be approved by the Committee to Audit and Control the 
 Contingent Expenses of the Senate. 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES. 
 
 January ro, [900. 
 The Chaplain, Rev. W. H. Milburn, I). D., offered the 
 following prayer: 
 
 O Thou in whose hand our breath is and whose are all 
 
 our ways, as the Senate meets to-day to pay its tribute of 
 respect and affection to the memory of our late beloved 
 Vice-President, a man whose generous nature, sunny temper, 
 and friendly ways endeared him to all who were brought in 
 contact with him, grant that the men who speak may set 
 forth the feeling not only of the Senate but of the whole 
 country. 
 
 Hear our devout prayer in behalf of the wife who has 
 been widowed, and of the son who has been rendered father- 
 less. Uphold and steer them in their unspeakable bereave- 
 ment. And let this great sorrow, which has touched so 
 many homes and hearts, come to us with the sense that 
 there is a future where God's sons and daughters are gath- 
 ered in immortal peace and blessedness, where are no tears, 
 nor sorrow, nor grief. We pray through Jesus Christ, our 
 Saviour. Amen. 
 
 The President pro tempore. The Chair lavs before the 
 Senate resolutions which will be read. 
 
 The Secretary read the resolutions submitted by Mr. 
 
 Sewell December 4, 1899, as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the Senate has received with the deepest regret infor- 
 mation of tlie death of Garret Augustus Hobart, late Vice-President 
 of the United States. 
 
8 Proceedings in the Senate. 
 
 Resolved, That the business of the Senate be suspended in order that 
 the distinguished public services of the deceased and the virtues of his 
 private character may be fittingly commemorated. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate be instructed to communicate 
 these resolutions to the House of Representatives. 
 
 The resolutions were considered by unanimous consent, 
 and agreed to. 
 
Address of Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey. 
 
 SEWELL, OF NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Mr. President, there are occasions in the life of men and 
 of nations when we turn from the turmoil of civil duties to 
 heboid the work of the reaper, Death; there are times of 
 solemnity and bereavement, when language cannot portray 
 the emotions of the soul; there are periods when sadness, 
 like a tidal wave, sweeps over a people with resistless force; 
 there are experiences which beget bitter though unavailing 
 tears and vain regret that, like the breath of winter, is 
 fraught with desolation. 
 
 Who can glory in his strength, or stretch forth his hand 
 and sta) the Angel of Death? Who can defy the dread 
 summons to join the innumerable host whose way lies 
 through the portals of the tomb? Who can tell the day or 
 the hour when his earthly estate shall be closed and an 
 account rendered of the deeds done in the body? 
 
 The uncertainty of human life looms up ever ' 
 and seems to make all human achievements futi 
 worthless, but this is only apparently so. Men p, 
 but their works endure. The body may be la: 
 grave, but the rich legacj of lessons and infmenc 
 
 a good, brave, honorable man remain to us and to 
 our children. The >ubtle, powerful, though silent, influ- 
 of such a life bear perennial harvests which death 
 cannot destroy. 
 
 Our beloved Vice-President has been taken from us, and 
 the nation mourns his loss. The patriotic citizen, the able 
 statesman, the wise counselor, the honorable man, the 
 
 lefore us 
 
 
 1 in the 
 
 :s of the 
 
io Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 devoted father, has passed away, and the wail of the people 
 will not return to us the departed. The consolation of 
 religion, the teaching of faith, our inborn conviction of 
 immortality, may assuage our grief and temper our sorrow, 
 but this is a wound which cannot be healed. 
 
 We have appointed this day, Mr. President, to pay our 
 high official and personal tribute of respect to the memory 
 of our late associate and honored dead and to publish to the 
 world his sterling integrity and worth. L,et us calmly 
 review his life, services, and character, in which we may 
 find much that will profit us. 
 
 Garret Augustus Hobart was born in 1844, at L,ong 
 Branch, X. J. It has been well said that the blood which 
 flowed in his veins was from good English stock and was 
 mingled with the martyr blood of Dutch and Huguenot 
 ancestors and that the spirit of fidelity and courage was 
 his by inheritance. The happy domestic environment 
 in which he lived, enriched by keen intellectuality and 
 literary culture, had much to do with the formation of his 
 character. 
 
 He received the benefits of a common-school education, 
 finally graduating from Rutgers College, New Brunswick, 
 in 1863. He then became a school-teacher for a brief 
 period, when he commenced the study of the law, in which 
 profession he attained considerable eminence. Though his 
 means were meager in the early years of his life journey, 
 his natural endowments were such that wealth and success 
 rewarded his toil. 
 
 His first public office was that of city counsel of Paterson 
 in 1871, and in the following year lie was made counsel of 
 the board of freeholders of his couutv. He was elected a 
 
. Iddress of Mr. Sewell, of New Jerst y. 1 1 
 
 member of the house of assembly of New Jersey in 1872, 
 reelected in 1873, and attained by his ability and popular- 
 ity the office of speaker of that body in 1874. He was 
 elected a State senator in 1876, and reelected in [879. 
 During his six years' service in the State senate he was 
 twice chosen its president. In 18S3 he was the nominee of 
 his party for the United States Senate. In 1884 ne became 
 a member of the National Republican Committee, and 
 served as such until his decease. He was nominated at the 
 national Republican convention in 1896 fur the Vice-Presi- 
 dency, and triumphantly elected, and was sworn into office 
 11 Washington March 4, [897. He enjoyed the high dis- 
 tinction of his office but a brief period of years, his death 
 occurring the 21st of November last. 
 
 Mr. Hobart was removed from his earthly career at an 
 age when the magnificent status of his manh 1 was reach- 
 ing its prime; when tii. g-i mdi lements of his character were 
 ripening to their full development; when his great useful- 
 ness to the nation was becoming more and more apparent; 
 at an age when his life, chastened by sorrow, hallowed by 
 ition, and tem] . had b< en attuned 
 to that key whose sweetness and force reverberated through 
 the hearts and lives of all with whom he came in contact. 
 
 His public duties wen marked by zeal and devotion to the 
 interests of the people, and some of the most salutan and 
 
 effective measures lipon the statute 1 ks of \ev. 
 
 were tlu- result of his efforts. He sought in his legislative 
 career to cheek illegal expenditures and to reduce local and 
 State taxation: to encourage manufactures and promote 
 those- enterprises which now place New Jersey in the front 
 tank of States. Educational and philanthropic institutions 
 
12 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 received his special assistance, and he was one of the lead- 
 ing supporters of the general railroad law of his State, 
 which is one of the most effective of its character. The 
 general welfare, rather than the conserving of private inter- 
 ests, engaged his time and attention. 
 
 His shrewdness, sagacity, and promptness soon won him 
 an enviable reputation that was not confined to the limits 
 of his city, while the value of his counsel was defined by 
 the complicated matters intrusted to his care; difficult and 
 arduous duties were so satisfactorily performed by him as 
 to gain the thanks of the public, and so popular had he 
 become that public honors were thrust upon him. 
 
 He was a lifelong Republican, and his political views 
 were the fruit of sound judgment, experience, and consci- 
 entious thought. 
 
 The performance of his duties as President of the Senate 
 has ever evoked the favorable criticism of the members of 
 this body, ami the justice and fairness of his rulings have 
 elicited their warmest commendation. Neither the partial- 
 ity of friendship nor the interest of individuals has warped 
 his judgment or tinctured his decisions. His manner of 
 going and coming amongst us was marked by kindliness and 
 consideration. No word of censure, no carping criticism, 
 mi ungenerous reflection escaped his lips; but his constant 
 desire to help and assist in every proper way was always 
 manifest. 
 
 The character of Mr. Hobart was as the open day — 
 neither darkness nor shadow rested upon it. Like a beauti- 
 ful landscape, its varied features were plainly seen — there 
 was nothing hidden that should be revealed ; there was 
 nothing concealed that should be known. Roekribbed by 
 
Address of Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey. 13 
 
 integrity and probity, his conduct was ever just and honor- 
 able. The dignity of his manhood spurned all that was 
 mean and worthless, and his virtues lent a charm of manner 
 and social attractiveness that gave him preeminence. 
 
 The page of his life was clearly written and without blot 
 or stain, though tinged by sadness for the loss of a dear 
 child from his fireside. His record is unchallenged. The 
 breath of suspicion or the shafts of obloquy could not reacli 
 it : the rancor of aspersion could not touch it. 
 
 Malignity and vindictiveness found there no entrance; 
 but rather his life was rounded out by kindness and love 
 for all men. His loyalty to truth, his fealty to duty, his 
 unswerving devotion to the interests of his constituents 
 have carved for him in the hearts of men an endurino- tablet. 
 His acts of mercy and philanthropy, though many, were 
 unproclaimed— like the gentle dew of heaven, they nour- 
 ished the sterile soil of human poverty and lifted up the 
 downcast and (alien. He recognized the fact that human 
 justice and benevolence have not as yet eliminated charity 
 from the social fabric. The enmity evolved bj the heat of 
 partisanship and political strife passed by him as an idle 
 wind. Sensitive to reproach and injur}', his sympathy 
 reached out to those who were maligned and forbade the 
 entrance of resentment. The even tenor of his way was 
 illumined by a radiance born of noble aspirations and high 
 ( nd< avor. 
 
 Fate links sui : : even j„ | ljs ], m . 
 
 estate, may see the stamp of Heaven. 
 
 My personal relations with Mr. Hobart covered ,1 long 
 period of years, extending from his early manhood. It 
 seems to me now as a golden chain, each link of which 
 
14 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 constitutes a pleasant service performed or some valuable 
 assistance rendered. His solicitude for the welfare of his 
 friends caused him many personal sacrifices. His heart, his 
 brain, his purse, were welcome to all that needed them — 
 "his pity gave ere charity began." 
 
 His generous hospitality and good cheer flowed in a con- 
 tinuous stream that found its source in the benevolence of 
 his heart. The happiness of others was dearer to him than 
 his own, and the cardinal principles of his creed were sym- 
 pathy and kindness. He loved to do good, and sought 
 opportunities to accomplish it. His word was his bond, 
 and those who knew him best asked no other security. 
 His course in life indicated obedience to duty and resigna- 
 tion — duty, nobly performed, toward his neighbor and to 
 himself; resignation to whatever might betide, cheerfully 
 and willingly displayed. 
 
 Amid tlie common current of men and affairs, in the daily 
 routine of personal and civic functions, in the exercise of 
 refined and extended social relations, and in the nearer and 
 dearer ties of home the voice of duty prevailed. In sorrow, 
 in disappointment, in the struggle with disease and battle 
 for his life, though sustained by an unflinching energy, 
 resignation pointed the way. Though we indulge the bril- 
 liant flow of rhetoric, impassioned by the glow of memory; 
 though we strike the minor chord of eloquence, touched by 
 the poignancy of grief; though we utter a lofty strain of 
 thought, inspired by personal association, yet to me these 
 two words, "duty" and "resignation," seem the leading- 
 exponents of his nature. 
 
 Ah, Mr. President, we need no inspiration to show that so 
 noble a soul cannot taste of annihilation ; we need no divine 
 
Address of Mr. Sewell, oj New Jersey. 15 
 
 revelation to prove that such a spirit can not pass to the 
 realms of oblivion and nothingness; we need no testimony 
 from the dead that immortality is the reward of such a life. 
 Could we harbor the thought that the reverse were not true, 
 it would wring the very fiber of our nature and proclaim 
 its falsity. Mr. HOBART has passed to the better and 
 higher life that lies beyond the confines of mortality — a 
 life tlie span of which, unmeasured by the flight of years, 
 is filled with immortal significance and joy. 
 
 Tlie lessons of his life, whose pleasant remernbram 
 even death of its sadness, let us treasure, and may they 
 prove a stimulating influence in tlie conduct of our own. 
 
Life ami Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. DANIEL, OF VIRGINIA. 
 
 Mr. President, this body is a miniature of onr country. 
 In it is represented both the equality of the States and the 
 unity of the nation. Large and small States, rich and poor 
 States, populous and thinly settled States, all alike have 
 two Senators, and each Senator has one vote. But when 
 we look toward the Chair we behold another ideal of the 
 Constitution incarnate. The Vice-President of the United 
 States, chosen by all the electors of all the States, is Presi- 
 dent of the Senate. By him is represented here, as 1>v the 
 Federal President is represented in the nation, the suprem- 
 acy and authority of the United States. And as each of the 
 States appears here as an equal block in the arch of our 
 federated system, so our President would seem to us the 
 keystone, binding- together in power and grace the tall col- 
 umns of indestructible States, which in his office are vis- 
 ibly linked in indissoluble union. 
 
 From the foundation of our Government the people have 
 called to this great office men of character and attainment. 
 Rarely indeed has any mistake been made in the selection, 
 and from Adams and Jefferson to Stevenson and Hobart 
 we ma}- scan witli general satisfaction the illustrious roll. 
 Yet I venture to say that the office was never filled by one 
 who met all of its responsibilities with more equal and 
 uniform sufficiency or discharged its duties with more 
 acceptability to all concerned than did our beloved and 
 lamented friend, Garret A. Hobart, who has now passed 
 forever hence where no storm shall roll or billows beat 
 across his peaceful breast. 
 
Address of Mr. Daniel, of I 'ire; in in. 17 
 
 Few of us knew him, and few indeed had ever seen him 
 before he appeared on inauguration day, the 4th of March, 
 1897, to take the oath of office. But his genial, manly 
 countenance, beaming with health, intelligence, and good 
 nature, and the unaffected dignity of the refined and 
 accomplished gentleman which characterized his bearing 
 were a pleasing introduction before personal presentations 
 were made, and as soon as he assumed his duties it was 
 evident that the gavel was in a master's hand. 
 
 Nothing that happened in this Hall escaped the eye of 
 his akrt attention. No "occasion Midden" ever over- 
 mastered the resources of his ready information or ruffled 
 his even, well-trained mind, lie conducted business with 
 composure, facility, accuracy, and expedition. His inborn 
 -v and fairness approaches and suppressed 
 
 the temptation to unseemly wrangle, while his clear and 
 sympathetic perception and his prompt action attested the 
 virtues and bore the fruits of the decisive character. 
 
 This combination of excellent qualities made our late 
 president the model presiding officer of a deliberative 
 assembly. And the fact speaks more than .words could 
 utter that throughout his service of well-nigh three years, 
 with oft-repeated trials of his equanimity, his patience, and 
 his skill, not a single incident occurred that mars the 
 in' , iiories in which his good name and fame are enshrined. 
 
 lint such a body as this, diverse in its antecedents, his- 
 tories, environments, and opinions, and representing such 
 diverse and oft conflicting interests, needs in its presiding 
 officer more than the expert and tactful parliamentarian. 
 When the technique of the hook and the drill and the 
 school find their terminus, wisdom in the practical and 
 S. Doc. t s 2 
 
18 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 involved affairs of men often finds its largest and most fer- 
 tile field of tillage. That exalted station filled by union- 
 idealizing union — and designed in its institution to con- 
 duce to the sentiment, the justice, and the harmony of 
 union, cannot be roundly filled save by one of broad and 
 generous social instinct, imbued with the spirituality of 
 the friend, the patriot, and the statesman. "Great empires 
 and small minds," said Edmund Burke, "go ill together," 
 and in such a place the ill fit would be no less than a 
 national calamity. 
 
 I do not believe there was any member of this body who 
 did not regard the late Vice-President as a friend, for he 
 was a friendly man, a social man, a neighbor-like man, 
 given, as we have been toid, to the large charities which 
 his success made possible, but given, as we know, to the 
 small, sweet courtesies of life, which are perennial char- 
 ities, given to hospitality, and to all those gracious ways 
 that attract and cement friendship. That he was a patriot 
 none will question. And that he was a pronounced party 
 mail. «>r, if you please, a partisan, cannot detract from his 
 merit as man or statesman in the esteem of honorable and 
 candid men. 
 
 In our strenuous American life, boiling over with the 
 vast activities, the keen competitions, and the boundless 
 aspirations that free government stimulates in a land of 
 opportunity, with new problems continually springing up 
 for solution, and startling changes bursting unannounced 
 upon the scene, we must of necessity dwell in perpetual 
 conflicts of opinion. 
 
 But these conflicts are swiftly followed by settlements at 
 the polls and the evolution of new conflicts again and 
 
Address oj Mr. Daniel^ of Virginia. 19 
 
 ind evermore again in endless succession, each one 
 being but an introductory skirmish to a broader field and a 
 heavier battle. 
 
 1 >:' such conditions the partisan is alike the cause, the 
 product, and the essential solvent. Instead of denouncing 
 the differences of opinion which make him, we should ever 
 recall that these differences are evoked, stimulated, and 
 resolved by the fret government which lives, moves, and 
 has its being in them, and that its prime ofhce is to tolerate, 
 protect, and foster them. In this respect such government 
 is in unison with the eternal order of Cod's providence, 
 which through difference and opposition brings forth what 
 is truest and best and makes them the resultant four in 
 consonance with the ruling principle of the universal thought. 
 
 The clashing swords of warriors, the opposing stones of 
 the millers, the upper and lower teeth of animals, the nega- 
 tive and positive poles of electricity, the centripetal and cen- 
 trifugal tendencies of gravitation, the opposing arguments 
 and votes of debaters — all these are hut diversities of the 
 powers which pervade the physical, moral, and intellectual 
 being, and to rebuke or suppress difference of opinion is a 
 species of infidelity to, and revolt against, the decrees 
 of the Creator. 
 
 Despotism is sad and hateful, because it freezes the inner 
 impulses and paralyzes the movements of the vasl and com- 
 plex mechanism of providential development; and freedom 
 is joyful and lovable, because it looses to their fitting work 
 all the divine forces implanted in the heart of ma;: 
 the heart of nature. 
 
 Vet differences must unite, oppositions must eventuate, 
 debate must cease, results must be obtained ; and freedom. 
 
2o Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 when it has been exercised, but fulfills and verifies itself in 
 bowing to and obeying the overweening thought of the 
 majority. 
 
 This thought is freedom's crown. It inheres in the great 
 office which our departed friend was chosen to till and which 
 he exalted by the manner in which he filled it. 
 
 The very gravest questions of world-wide interest passed 
 to their solution beneath his gavel. War and peace were 
 alike proclaimed within the brief period of his career as 
 Vice-President. But, more than this, every vestige of leg- 
 islation was wiped away from our statute books that marked 
 the bygone asperity of internecine conflict. 
 
 In all the momentous scenes of which he was an impor- 
 tant part his influence for good was felt and was profoundly 
 and heartily appreciated. Nothing harsh, fierce, or sardonic; 
 nothing narrow, bigoted, or intolerant, was in his composi- 
 tion or shadows his history. It is a blessing to all the land 
 that such a man has filled such a place. And having filled 
 it well, and filled well the measure of his days, he sleeps 
 well now in the noble Commonwealth of his nativity, which 
 gave him to the Union, and to which the Union, made 
 more perfect and fraternal by his life, hath now returned his 
 honored dust. 
 
 It was my sad privilege, with my colleagues, to follow 
 his bier. No gilded pomp or ostentatious show blighted 
 tin- simplicity of the last scene; but the multitudes gathered 
 from far and wide in mighty concourse, the great officers of 
 the nation and of the State alike mingled with them in 
 their unaffected sorrow, and with the beautiful service of the 
 church to which he belonged he was laid to his earthly rest. 
 
 Who could have witnessed that impressive scene, where 
 
Address of Mr. Daniel, of Virginia. 21 
 
 wealth and power and art and skill and all loving kindness 
 despaired that they could do no more, without being pene- 
 trated with the littleness of human life; without seeing 
 again its realistic emblem in the grass which springeth up in 
 the morning and in the evening is cut down and withereth? 
 Vet there crept into the thought, a- ever when it pauses 
 puzzled, baffled, cast down, and set at naught in its finite 
 reachings forth to -rasp the infinite mystery, and even as 
 a soft, inarticulate whisper from the Everlasting Throne 
 mightsteal upon the ear, the ideal and aspiration of immor- 
 tality. 
 
 That poor, shrunken form, hidden away beneath the 
 flowers of the earth, did not seem to us to be him th.it we 
 had known. Nor was it. Where the flash of intellect? 
 Where the steadfast purpose graved upon the face? Where 
 tlu- smile of genuine, sweet nature? Dead, do we say? 
 But we say not that of the electricity which has Hashed its 
 up ige through a wire and left the wire stolid and cold 
 and dead and dumb. Neither can we say it of the soul, 
 which has so left the body which it quickened. 
 
 That body is given back to its place— the dust from 
 which it sprung — and there not to cease to be, but only to 
 change its form and resolve into its elements. Whence 
 the soul that has left the bod) ? In the dim centuries 
 long bygone — before He spoke as never man spoke — the 
 mswered, for he had pondered as we ponder yet, and 
 even as the dead and forgotten generations pondered before 
 him, and as the unborn generations will ponder after us; 
 and thus he said: 
 
 That which has grown in mi tlu- earth to the earth- 
 But that which has sprung from heavi til 
 
Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. DEPEW, OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Mr. President, in mid-ocean, on one of the great steam- 
 ships, some years ago, a gentleman extended his hand and 
 said: "I am GARRET A. Hobart, of New Jersey. I knmv 
 you and want you to know me." Afterwards, in the confi- 
 dences of fellow-passengers on the sea, he said: ' ' The value 
 of success is not so much in the things it enables you to do 
 as the consideration it gives you in the minds of others. I 
 have been successful, and I want that understood and appre- 
 ciated." In this incident came out the character of the man. 
 The freshness, the frankness, the unspoiled joy of the boy, as 
 happy over the things which gave pleasure and importance 
 to his friends, as he felt sure they would be over his own 
 advancement. 
 
 The financial distress which caused hard times in 1894 
 and 1S95 produced a widespread spirit of pessimism and 
 despair. It resurrected the question, "Is life worth the 
 living?" which had been discussed nightly at Athenian 
 dinners in the time of Plato and Socrates. The doubt is 
 not American. Its most emphatic affirmation is evidenced 
 in the life and career of our friend. Me was an illustration 
 of what is possible under American conditions and with 
 American opportunities, with ecptal laws for all, and no 
 class or privilege barring the way to the highest places in 
 the land. At 19 he was a graduate of Rutgers College, a 
 little while teaching school and then studying law; and at 
 25 he was called to the bar and began his battle with and in 
 the world. Without money or influence, but with brains, 
 education, health, industry, and character, his was the 
 
Address of Mr. Depew, oj New York. 23 
 
 typical beginning of most of the youth of our country. 
 His confidence in himself and his future led to an early 
 marriage and an ideal domestic life. 
 
 At 53 he was among the foremost citizens of his State in 
 every department of its activities. He was a leader in his 
 profession of the law and of his political party; he had 
 been repeatedly honored by his fellow-citizens in positions 
 of trust and power; he had accumulated a fortune and was 
 Vice-President of the United States. The idle and the 
 incompetent will find no comfort here for their favorite 
 theory that life is luck. He had the good fortune to be 
 decended from that mixed Dutch-English ancestry which 
 has the inspiration of glorious traditions of civil and reli- 
 gious liberty, of literature and adventure, of art and arms, 
 of indomitable endurance, of conquest over all obstacles, and 
 of strenuous endeavor which no difficulties can discourage. 
 
 It wa> his happy lot to have his career to work out in this 
 Republic and in the latter half of this marvelous nineteenth 
 century. With these advantages, common to millions, tor- 
 tune withdrew her assistance, and the brilliant example we 
 contemplate was the result of the energj and ability of this 
 fine specimen of a self-made man. At the threshold of his 
 career, by profession and membership, he proclaimed him- 
 self a Christian, and as he began so he continued until his 
 death, a consistent child of the Church. His was not the 
 a which in Jonathan Edwards's period filled the 
 churches with terror and in our time empties their pews, hut 
 the religion of the Evangelist Moody, which rests upon th< 
 ferring always his own way, he recog- 
 nized with a broad charity that the paths pursued l>v others 
 led to the same heaven and could be more easilv trod by 
 
24 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 them. He had no aggressive faith which fought on dogma 
 other creeds and sects, but he was at all times active in the 
 good works which are common to all creeds and all sects. 
 
 The scholar in politics is the familiar theme for academic 
 discussion. His duty to participate all admit, his useful- 
 ness is often doubted. He too frequently lacks that touch 
 with affairs and knowledge of men which are necessary to 
 give him the weight in party councils due to his character 
 and culture. The business man in polities is the hope of 
 the present and future. The measures we carry here are 
 reflected in the markets of the world and react upon the 
 farm, the factory, the furnace, and the mine. Their influ- 
 ence for good or evil is felt in every home. They tie gov- 
 ernment and its policies so closely to the manufacturer, 
 merchant, farmer, and mechanic that business is politics 
 and politics is business. Men of fortune or of large affairs 
 often affect contempt for those in public life and denounce 
 with unbridled license the conduct of national, State, and 
 municipal matters. They complain bitterly of taxes and 
 the burden of government. They are entitled to no sym- 
 pathy. They are suffering, if at all, from their own want 
 of appreciation of their duties as citizens and of patriotism. 
 
 Mr. HOBART was, during his whole career, the lawyer 
 and man of business, who keenly understood and labori- 
 ously lived up to a high ideal of citizenship. His party 
 found him at the caucus and at the polls. He had time 
 for conventions and public meetings. He could promote 
 the best interests of his State by service in its legislature, 
 or remain in retirement while working diligently for the 
 nomination and election of those best fitted for the offices 
 to be filled. Charles James Fox said of Edmund Burke 
 
Addr, m oj Mr. Dep, a>, 0/ New York. 25 
 
 that "he was right, but right too soon." His speeches 
 emptied the House of Commons in his time, but in our 
 day are text-book and manual for British statesmen. 
 Statesmen and reformers of this prophetic order sow the 
 seed, but they do not govern. Wendell Phillips, Lloyd 
 Garrison, Lovejoy, and John Brown created conditions 
 which made it possible for Lincoln to act. Successful 
 leaders grapple with the workaday elements about them 
 and, combining the conscience and intelligence of the 
 hour, solve the problems which more immediately concern 
 their constituents and their country. 
 
 The Vice-President was of this class. He was not troubled 
 with illusions nor bound by theories. He pitied the man 
 win- perpetually longs for the good old times and mourns 
 the decadence of the present, and sympathized with the tar 
 more useful one who is providing for the unborn millions 
 coming century. His lot was with neither. Acute 
 questions — financial, industrial, international, or moral — 
 are always knocking at the door. Theinsettlement is vital 
 to the position of the country among nations, or to the com- 
 fort and happiness of its people. Mr. Hobart was not a 
 prophet, but he was among the master 
 workmen who, as the years go by, slowly perfect the struc- 
 government by providing for its present needs and 
 are digging trenches or leading the assault against those 
 who would destroy it. 
 
 The Joint Traffic Association was a conference of the 
 thirty-seven railroads which carry the traffic of the country 
 between the interior and the Atlantic coast. Their quarrels 
 and rate cutting injured their investors, demoralized busi- 
 ness, and promoted trusts. The members were not capital- 
 
26 Life and ( Invader of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ists nor speculators, but the hard-headed and able managers 
 of these corporations who had come up from the ranks and 
 adopted the operation of railways as both a career and a 
 profession. Their efforts to cure the evils of the situation 
 were doomed to failure from the jealousies of large com- 
 panies and the fear of small ones and the lack of any power 
 to enforce their agreements. 
 
 By unanimous vote they selected Garret A. Hobart as 
 arbitrator. The questions submitted to him involved the 
 revenue of the disputants and the movement by one route 
 or another of a vast volume of freight. No judge ever held 
 office by so precarious a tenure or had to decide more im- 
 portant matters. The defeated litigant could refuse to sub- 
 mit or, by carrying a charge of injustice, unfairness, or 
 incapacity into the governing body, compel a resignation. 
 As chairman of the association I was brought in frequent 
 contact with him, his work, and its difficulties. He admin- 
 istered that judicial responsibility for three years, resigning 
 during the first year of his Vice-Presidency. There could 
 be no more significant tribute to his unfailing judgment, 
 tact, and character than the remarkable fact that there was 
 never an appeal from his decisions nor complaint of their 
 fairness and justice. In this demonstration is found the 
 secret of his success. 
 
 Very many in our country rise by their own exertions 
 from nothing to affluence. The rapid evolutions caused by 
 steam, electricity, and invention give numberless opportuni- 
 ties for the farsighted and courageous to seize the hand of 
 Fortune before their fellows know of her presence. These 
 capable men of affairs are of two classes — the class who 
 make what others lose and the class who benefit their 
 
Address of Mr. Depew, of New York. 27 
 
 associates or the community or the whole country by the 
 developments they promote and the enterprises they create. 
 The first are the pirates of society and of business. They 
 are the fathers of communism and the foster fathers of 
 anarchv. The others are among the benefactors of their 
 time. It was the characteristic of our friend that, possess- 
 ing the farsighted faculty and having the sense and training 
 to keep the curb of caution upon the promptings of acquisi- 
 tiveness and imagination, he drew a large circle into his 
 plans, and all shared in the profits of his undertakings. 
 
 The founders of the Republic meant to provide for a suc- 
 cessor to the President one who should be equally worthy of 
 the Chief Magistracy; but the machinery they devised gave 
 the Vice-President no voice in the Government and created 
 an inevitable antagonism between him and the President. 
 It revived in a form the old historic struggle of the able 
 and ambitious heir foi recognition and influence in affairs 
 of state. The contest began during our Inst Administra- 
 tion. Confidence and cordiality were impossible between 
 tin self-centered Washington and the imperious Adams. 
 With Adams and Jefferson was the mutual repulsion of tin- 
 Puritan and the Cavalier. In Jefferson and Aaron Burr the 
 revolutionist wasseeking todestroy the patriot. The practi- 
 cal Jackson and the philosophic Calhoun were soon at war. 
 The man of action threatened to hang the theorist if he 
 carried his ideas to their logical conclusions. 
 
 With the growth of the- country, the strength ol 
 and their internal dissensions, the Vice-Presidency was 
 thrown to the friends of disappointed candidates and at 
 disaffected States to select the nominee and Ik- appeased. 
 Fillmore and Arthur discarded the friends of the dead 
 
28 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 President, and Tyler and Johnson reversed their polities 
 and policies. The power in control at the White Honse 
 and in Congress sought to minimize the Vice-President 
 and make him obscure and innocuous. Happily for Mr. 
 Hobart there was no conflict over candidates in the con- 
 vention which nominated William McKinley. The parti- 
 sans of defined policies had selected him as their best 
 exponent in advance. There were no disappointed and 
 vengeful interests to be reconciled. The choice settled 
 upon Hobart as the most fit and available running mate 
 for the Ohio statesman. 
 
 Coming thus into this high office, his talent of common 
 sense and his charm of personality made him, from the 
 beginning, the friend and chosen counselor of the Presi- 
 dent. He lifted the office out of the rut of conventionality 
 and possibility to a position of dignity, usefulness, and 
 trust. He won the warm affection of his party associates 
 and the esteem and respect of his party antagonists. He 
 had the faculty of the wisely busy man of always having 
 plenty of time, and that he shared with his friends in that 
 hearty and healthy companionship which has made his 
 name a hospitable memory at the Capitol. Though he 
 died in his prime, with apparently years of usefulness 
 before him, yet his was a full and rich life and a nobly 
 rounded career. It is fitting that such a man should fall in 
 battle with his armor on. The conspicuousness of his 
 departure gives luster to his example. Statesman, citizen, 
 husband, father, friend, the sum of his worth among ns is 
 that he performed with faithfulness and fidelity, with con- 
 scientious care and magnetic ardor, all the duties of public 
 and private life. 
 
Address of Mr. Cockrell, of Missouri. 
 
 ADDRESS F ME URL 
 
 Mr. President: I avail myself of the- opportunity to-dayto 
 join in paying the last public tribute of respect, friendship, 
 and affection to the memory of our late Vice-President, 
 Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 His busy, industrious, honorable, and successful life can 
 well be held up as an exemplar to encourage, strengthen, 
 and inspire the young of our great country. 
 
 A native of New Jersey, of English and Dutch parentage, 
 born June 3, [844, he graduated from Rutgers College in 
 [863, at the age of 19; then taught school and began the 
 study of law; admitted to the bar in 1869; city counsel of 
 Pati rson in 1871; in the State legislature in 1873; reelected 
 and made speaker in 1876; in the State senate in 1879, and 
 in i88i elected president of that body; reelected in [882; a 
 delegate at large to the Republican national conventions in 
 [876 and :88o; elected a member ol the national committee 
 in 1884, serving continuously until [896, when nominated 
 for Vice-President; elected and became Vice-President of 
 the United States and President of the Senate on March 4, 
 [897, a comparative stranger personallj to man) members 
 of this body. 
 
 The office of Vice-President of the United State-, under 
 our Constitution, is a peculiar one. In the proceedings of 
 the Convention that framed our Constitution the office of 
 Vice-President first appears in section 3 of the partial report 
 of the committee of eleven, submitted September 4, 1787, 
 which provided that "the Vice-President shall be ex-officio 
 til "I the Senate." 
 
30 Life and Character of Garret A. Hoba> t. 
 
 In its discussion Mr. (Terry said : 
 
 We might as well put the President himself at the head of the Legis- 
 lature. 
 
 To tliis Gouverneur Morris replied: 
 
 The Vice-President, then, will be the first heir apparent that ever loved 
 his father. 
 
 By our Constitution — 
 
 All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of 
 the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Repre- 
 sentatives. 
 
 The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme 
 Court, and in such inferior court-, a- the Congress may from time to time 
 ordain and establish. 
 
 The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States 
 of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four j'ears, and, 
 together with the Vice-President, chosen for the same term. 
 
 The constitutional qualifications for President and Vice- 
 President are the same — a natural-born citizen "who shall 
 have attained to the age of 35 years and been fourteen 
 years a resident of the United States." 
 
 In the election of a Vice-President, "if no person have 
 a majority then from the two highest numbers on the list 
 the Senate shall choose the Vice-President. A quorum for 
 the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the wdiole number 
 of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be 
 necessary to a choice." 
 
 The only express authority given to the \ 'ice-President 
 is in these words: 
 
 The Vice-President of the United States shall he President of the Sen- 
 ate, but he shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. 
 
 In the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise the 
 office of President of the United States, the Senate chooses a President 
 pro tempore. 
 
 In case of the removal of the President of the United States from 
 office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers 
 
Address of Mr. Cockrell, of Missouri. 31 
 
 and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-President, 
 and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, res- 
 ignation, or inability both of the President and Vice-President, declaring 
 what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accord- 
 ingly . until the disability be removed or a President shall he elected. 
 
 'resident, Vice-President, and all 1 the United States 
 
 shall 1»- removed from office on impeachment for. and convii 
 treason, bribery, or other high crimes and mis lemeanors. 
 
 X11 authority is given to fill any vacancy in the office 
 id' Vice-President in any case. When the office becomes 
 vacant from any cause, it so remains until another Vice- 
 President is elected. As President of the Senate the Vice- 
 President presides over its deliberations and trait- 
 
 iness according to the rules and regulations made by 
 the Senate and sees to their enforcement. It is at times 
 a trying and delicate position. In the one hundred and 
 eleven years of our constitution on March 4, 
 
 [goo, as a nation, there have been 28 Vice-Presidential 
 terms, tilled by 24 different persons. Four Vice-Presi- 
 dents—John Adams, George Clinton, Daniel I). Tompkins, 
 and John C. Calhoun — were each elected tor two terms, 
 and Clinton and Calhoun each with two different I 'residents. 
 
 1 >ne Vice-President — Richard M. John of elec- 
 
 tion by the Electoral College for the term [837-1841 and 
 was chosen by the Senate. 
 
 ( >ne Vice-President — John C. Calhoun — resigned on De- 
 cember 28, [832. 
 
 Three Vice-Presidents — John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, 
 and Martin Van Buren — became Presidents of the United 
 States to succeed the Presidents with whom they were 
 respectively elected as Vice-Presidents. 
 
 Four Vice-Presidents became Presidents by the death of 
 the Presidents— John Tyler, by death of President Harrison, 
 
32 Life and Character of Garni A. Hobart. 
 
 April 4, 1841; Millard Fillmore, by the death of President 
 Taylor, July 9, 1S50; Andrew Johnson, by the death *A~ 
 President Lincoln, April 15, 1865, and Chester A. Arthur, 
 by the death of President Garfield, September 19, 1881. 
 
 Twelve of our twenty-four Vice-Presidents were mem- 
 bers of the Senate before or after they were Vice-Presidents. 
 Of these twelve, eight, Aaron Burr, Martin Van Buren, 
 Richard M. Johnson, John Tyler, George M. Dallas, Wil- 
 liam R. King, Henry Wilson, and Thomas A. Hendricks, 
 were United States Senators before they were Vice-Presi- 
 dents; one, John C. Calhoun, resigned the Vice-Presidencv 
 to become United States Senator; one, John C. Breckin- 
 ridge, was Senator after his term as Vice-President; one, 
 Hannibal Hamlin, resigned as Senator to become Vice- 
 President and was afterwards Senator, and one, Andrew 
 Johnson, was Senator before and after his Vice-Presidency 
 and Presidencv. 
 
 Six Vice-Presidents have died in office: George Clinton 
 on April 20, 1812, Elbridge Gerry on November 23, 1S14, 
 William R. King on April 18, 1853, Henry Wilson on 
 November 22, 1875, Thomas A. Hendricks on November 
 25, 1885, and Garret A. Hob-art on November 21, 1899. 
 Two died in April and four in November. 
 
 ( )ne out of every four of our Vice-Presidents has died in 
 office. This is a remarkably great mortality. (July two 
 Vice-Presidents, Levi P. Morton and Adlai E. Stevenson, 
 are surviving. 
 
 During my service in the Senate we have had seven Vice- 
 Presidents, with only the two survivors. 
 
 Vice-President Hobart was one of the twelve Vice-Presi- 
 dents who had never been a member of the Senate. He 
 
Address of Mr. Cockrell, of Missouri. y 
 
 soon made himself familiar with the rules and methods of 
 business of the Senate and proved himself to be a good par- 
 liamentarian. He was quick in disposing of the business 
 on hi- desk and in facilitating the procedure of business 
 before the Senate. 
 
 He was a man of decided abilities and varied and liberal 
 attainments, with great firmness and decision. In discharg- 
 ing his duties he was eminently fair, impartial, able, and 
 prompt, and by his genial temperament and charming per- 
 sonality was a most acceptable and popular President of the 
 Senate. 
 
 It is no disparagement to the twenty-three distinguished 
 Vice-Presidents and Presidents of the Senate who preceded 
 him to say that he had few superiors as President of the 
 Senate. 
 
 Personally he was the true gentleman — hopeful, pleasant, 
 generous, and kind. 
 
 We shall miss him in this Chamber, but while life remains 
 we shall cherish the kindliest remembrance of Garret A. 
 I [, ib \i:t, Mm- late President of the Senate and friend. 
 S. Doc. 45'-— 3 
 
Life and Character of Garret A. I lobar t. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. CULLOM, OF ILLINOIS. 
 
 Mr. President: It is but natural that we should place 
 our offering of affection upon the grave of our dear associate 
 and friend who so recently presided over this body. It is 
 fit that we shall pay tribute to the kindly and -real qualities 
 of the late Vice-President in this public manner. 
 
 We, as Senators of the United States, comprising all shades 
 of public opinion, coming from all sections of our common 
 country, are animated by a common desire to do honor to 
 the memory of this man whom we had learned to love, and 
 to place upon the perpetual record of the Senate our tribute 
 to his illustrious memory. 
 
 I feel that I but express the sentiment of every member 
 of this body when I say that the few years of my acquaint- 
 ance with Garrkt A. Hobart have added to my love for 
 the human race, and have stimulated every fiber of my 
 being to a higher conception of the worth and value of a 
 man of character. The entrance of the Vice-President into 
 the fellowship of this body and his association with us in 
 the administration of affairs have seemed to me to be of 
 great benefit to every Senator. 
 
 Vice-President HOBART was an active man of the busi- 
 ness world in which he lived. His integrity and good judg- 
 ment were the bases of a reputation for ability, honor, and 
 justice, which the entire people recognized. No one dis- 
 trusted his sincerity. All who knew him instinctively 
 relied upon his judgment. His life was stainless, and his 
 whole career, active and successful as it was in every way, 
 
Address of Mr. Cttlloni, of Illinois. ^5 
 
 contained nothing which, dying, he could wish to blot. 
 Nothing received his approval which was not just and 
 right. I do not recall a single decision made by him in 
 this body which was ever reversed. 
 
 He made no hasty rulings, nor did he indulge in careless 
 opinions. Strong in convictions, and with the moral cour- 
 age to express and be governed by them, he was always 
 tolerant of the views of others. A keen, unerring judge of 
 men, he was charitable in his judgment of them. I do not 
 remember ever hearing .a word from his lips or of reading 
 any expression of his which would wound the heart or 
 feelings of another. Ik- was naturally and always broad- 
 minded, ami his great heart was full of kindness and human 
 sympathy. His loyalty to his friends reached in its inten- 
 sity tlie point of genuine chivalry. He was an earnest 
 speaker, an excellent and successful lawyer, and it is not 
 strange that he was chosen by great interests to arbitrate 
 theii differences, as has been referred to to-day. He was 
 !>v nature a judge and counselor. 
 
 .Mr. President, the great mystery of death in all the ages 
 has challenged the wisdom of men for its solution, and to- 
 day, aftei countless efforts in consideration of the problem, 
 mankind is quite as helpless and unsettled as it was six 
 tin itisand \ ears ago. 
 
 The approach of death, vvhethei it appears in the silence 
 and quiet of the peaceful home or in the midst of the thun- 
 der of battle, with the attendant struggle of warfare and 
 carnage, always reaches the same result — ultimate rest, the 
 rest and quiet of the grave. 
 
 The life of the busy, active public man, who has dealt 
 with the affairs of his time with cue and skill and good 
 
36 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 judgment, finds its close just as simply and certainly as that 
 of the humblest person who wrought out his own salvation 
 while on the earth. And yet this life of ours is but a stage 
 upon the shores of time which leads to an eternal future. 
 It is lint the portal to a long home awaiting us. If the 
 experiences which have accompanied us upon the earth 
 have brought honor and fame and have given us comfort 
 and peace in life, we may have just hope in the coming 
 future. 
 
 Vice-President Hobart, in a degree beyond that of most 
 men of his time, was active and powerful in his chosen field 
 of labor. He built up a reputation for simple, honest per- 
 formance of duty which all of us may well emulate. I lis 
 passing from life was like that of a good man who had per- 
 formed his duty upon the earth. He was not ashamed to 
 meet his Judge. His was a story to be commended, a life 
 to Lie loved and copied. The world was better for the pres- 
 ence of and the kindly life of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 A few months ago Vice-President Hobart was in the 
 vigor of health. Disease seized upon him. He sickened 
 and died. Such is the weakness of human life. Health, 
 energy, power yesterday; death to-day. The great spirit 
 of the great man is gone to the God who gave it. In his 
 death the Senate has suffered a great loss. He was a man 
 of wonderful qualities. Among these were energy, indus- 
 try, judgment, courage, integrity, and great common sense. 
 As the presiding officer of this body, no Senator, I am sure, 
 ever felt for an instant that there was the slightest disposi- 
 tion on the part of the Vice-President to do or to allow an 
 injustice. 
 
 The fact that the news of his untimely death brought to 
 
Address of Mr. Callow, of Illinois. 37 
 
 each member oi this body the keen pain of personal bereave- 
 ment is in itself a higher tribute than any Senator can 
 express. 
 
 His close attachment for the President was as rare as it 
 was generous and beautiful. The undisturbed harmony 
 between the two was creditable to each, a gratification to 
 our people. Mr. Hobart was a whole-hearted patriot. He 
 loved his country, its institutions, and the flag. He had no 
 false pride. He was a model citizen and an equally model 
 official. He was never unmindful of duty and was rarely 
 absent from the chair which by the people lie had been 
 called to fill. Indeed, we all know now that this sense of 
 duty kept him at his post when the dictates of health 
 enjoined otherwise. 
 
 Mr. President, in these days of trial— for the) are days of 
 trial— to all men charged with official duty it is well to dwell 
 upon the examples of faithful, conscientious men, who strive 
 to do right as God gives them to see the right. And a 
 recital of the noble deeds and manly virtues of greal men 
 ass away benefits the nation. The Vice-President 
 II: sense of fairness made him the friend of 
 opleand the people hi- friend. His love foi fm deal- 
 ing and common honesty was a natural sentiment and with- 
 out doubt was tlie controlling reason which caused his 
 influein Light by men of affairs and his methods 
 
 i,, be followed high in the councils of the State and nation. 
 That peculiar quality of clear-sightedness in important 
 matters seemed to clothe him with wisdom in his official 
 station and directed him with unerring certainty. His 
 utterances as the presiding officer of the Senate were clear, 
 correct, and never confused. His method of accurate stale- 
 
38 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ment impressed his associates with the force and strength 
 of his opinions. 
 
 I have said that in his death the Senate suffered a great 
 loss. The great event which took him from our midst in 
 his strong manhood was a dispensation not easily borne by 
 the members of the Senate. But the life we live imposes 
 burdens upon all of us. We must assume and bear our 
 responsibilities in order that we may become worthy of the 
 rewards of our own lives. We must make friends with 
 adversity and strike hands with sorrow that we may not 
 forget our obligations to humanity. We cannot determine 
 that all our ways shall be cast in pleasant places, nor can 
 we elect that we shall enjoy a future of peaceful quiet. But 
 whatever betides us, let us bravely bear our responsibilities 
 as he did, and submit, like him, without murmuring, to 
 the burdens which may press upon us. Then mav the 
 future bring to us, as it did to him, the acclaim, "Well 
 done, good and faithful servant." 
 
 Mr. President, we miss his genial presence, the ring of 
 his cheerful voice, the warm grasp of his hand. He sleeps 
 the sleep that knows no awakening, but he will live with 
 us all in our memory. "Many times and oft" will we find 
 ourselves looking for a face which we cannot see and 
 listening for a voice which we cannot hear. But the grave 
 is nut the end. We look beyond to the great fact of immor- 
 tality, and we cling to the fact that we are immortal; that 
 there is light and life beyond the grave, and, comforted by 
 such reflections, we can say of departed friends : 
 
 Hail and Ian-well. 
 
Address of Mr. Davis, of Minnesota. 39 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. DAVIS, OF MINNESOTA. 
 
 Mr. President: So much has been said, and not too 
 much, and said so well, concerning the character of the 
 late Vice-President of the United Slates that I shall con- 
 form to the strictest propriety if I limit my remarks to a 
 brief statement of the impressions which that character 
 produced upon me, impressions which will remain so long 
 as I shall have the power to retain them. 
 
 As he appeared to me, Mr. HOBART was a man of very 
 simple character. There were 110 intricacies in his compo- 
 sition; and yet the simple character has many moods and 
 phases, and it will besf serve my present purpose to con- 
 sider him in certain several aspects in which that chain h 1 
 presented itself. As presiding office] of this body his dis- 
 charge of his functions was marked by great alertness of 
 perception, a perfectly clear conception of what was trans- 
 piring, a simple impartiality in decision, and, abo 
 Mr. President, b) an administrative ability which expe- 
 dited the business of this body without precipitately hurry- 
 ing it. This is 110 small commendation; ami he possessed 
 in an eminent degree those qualities which made him an 
 ideal presiding officer. 
 
 Something has been said in the remarks that have pre- 
 ceded mine as to his influence as a Vice-President. I d<> 
 not think, Mr. President — indeed, I do not know from any- 
 thing I have ever read or heard — that any predecessor of 
 Mr. HOBART has evei exercised over public affairs that 
 marked and persistent and beneficial influence that he did. 
 
40 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 There was something in the large composition of the man 
 which necessarily impressed itself upon every situation, 
 social, business, or political, with which he was brought 
 into contact. And accordingly we all felt here, irrespective 
 of party, that our deliberations were being guided by a 
 serene, just, and impartial intelligence, which we now miss 
 so greatly because it has gone forever. 
 
 As a member of a great political party Mr. Hobart was 
 a man of the clearest political convictions. He believed 
 implicitly in the cardinal and axiomatic principles of that 
 great organization, which to him were the directing forces 
 toward national prosperity. He was tolerant of the opin- 
 ions of others, but firm in the assertion of his own; and in 
 a time of great national exigency, when the honor of this 
 country was at stake, when its dignity was imperiled, and 
 when its safety was not altogether assured, his influence 
 was felt more than it was perceived by the senses — was 
 powerfully influential in .guiding not only the councils of 
 his party, but the united councils of this nation in the 
 events which preceded and which continued throughout 
 the recent war. 
 
 But, Mr. President, it is always best to consider a char- 
 acter like Mr. Hobart, or any character, indeed, as a man, 
 because after all it is as a man that history will consider 
 the best and the bravest before she gathers up his ashes 
 into her everlasting urn and impresses upon it her indelible 
 inscription. As I said, he was a man of great simplicity 
 of personal character. He had been fortunate in life in all 
 respects. If aught has ever been said against him, I never 
 heard of it or saw it in print. He seems to have pursued 
 the even tenor of his way among his neighbors and also in 
 
Address of Mr. Davis, of Minnesota. 41 
 
 the lofty walks of public life unscathed by criticism, un- 
 slandered by adverse report. What his purposes were in 
 the long life which seemed to lay before him I do not know. 
 Doubtless he had ambitions. He had a right to have them. 
 He might well, like the dark astrologer aspiring for empire, 
 have consulted the stars in their course and said: 
 
 Is it wrong to make the fancy minister to hope, 
 
 To fill the air with pretty toys of air. 
 
 Ami clutch fantastic scepters moving toward me? 
 
 But if he had such ambitions, Mr. President, they were 
 noble ambitions. If he sought popularity, it was the popu- 
 larity which was aspired to by Lord Mansfield— that which 
 i and not that which is rim after. He- was entitled 
 to conceive and cherish the loftiest ambitions. Life seemed 
 to spread out all beautiful and most extended before him. 
 It passed almost in an hour. 
 
 But irrespective of an) dreams of ambition or of the 
 future in any aspect which lie may have entertained, he 
 had assured to him and he died in the full enjoyment 
 of that which is superior to and more precious than the 
 realization of any dream of that kind. In that heaven on 
 earth known as home, in all of his social relations, in the 
 prosperit) of his mati ri il conditions, in everything which 
 goes to make up a happy and contented life, he had entitled 
 himself, and had "honor, love, obedieno , nds," 
 
 - wait for that old age in winch these 
 things arc hoped for. 
 
 But, Mr. President, he has left us. He will not return 
 to us, but we shall go to him. He has penetrated the cloud. 
 Hi has -one beyond the curtain. He has solved tin 
 riddle which mankind for generations and generations has 
 
42 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 been reading in vain, and it only remains to say that the 
 sacred soil of his State, which has gathered into its unre- 
 turning bosom for generations from colonial times, through 
 Revolutionary times, and through all the history of our 
 Government the bodies of so many noble men, scholars, 
 patriots, and men of affairs, holds no more sacred form than 
 that of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
Addn i> of Mr. Morgan, of Alabama. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. MORGAN, OF ALABAMA. 
 
 Mr. President: The century which has just closed has 
 enfolded in its archives the names of a large number of mag- 
 nificent men, but I doubt if in its vast sweep across the ana 
 of time it has recorded the history of a more perfectly 
 rounded American character than that of Garret A. 
 Hobart. That i-- a very great character, Mr. President. 
 It had its origin centuries ago. It has been improving in 
 its characteristics, its attributes, its strength, and itsperfect- 
 uess during all the time since it first was known to the 
 world— the charactei of an American citizen. The public 
 requirements of American character have been increasing in 
 their intensity from year to year and century to century, so 
 that a public man who is brought in contact with the uni- 
 versal obs< rvation of mankind in a great office such as Mr. 
 Hobart held undergoes the close, careful inspection of all 
 classes of these seventy-five or eight} millions of p 
 and that observation extends even farther than our own con- 
 tinent and reaches to other countries. Now, when it 
 said of an American brought under this great lens of inspec- 
 tion that he has stood the test in every particular, that he 
 has proved himself worthy of this lofty citizenship and the 
 confidence of this great people, what higher eulogy can the 
 tongue of man pronounce upon him? 
 
 Mr. Hobart appeared to me to he as nearly a perfect rep- 
 ition of the manhood, of the grandeur, of the nobility 
 of this American character as any man I have ever read of — 
 certainly as nearlj as am man I have ever seen. In estab- 
 lishing this great position for himself we find that he had 
 
44 Life and Character oj Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 no adventitious aid. It has been the work of the develop- 
 ment of a noble nature under institutions suited to its per- 
 fection. So that in his character and in his conduct this 
 Government receives honor and praises among men. 
 
 It has been said here that we miss him from the Senate. 
 We d> miss him, not because his place cannot be sup- 
 plied among the great Americans who might be put in his 
 position, but unfortunately in our system of government 
 there is no opportunity to supply the loss, and it is a very 
 serious matter, particularly to the Senate of the United 
 States. Twice have I witnessed this occurrence since I have 
 had a place in this body. The Government of the United 
 Stairs, and particularly the Senate, loses one of its great 
 balancing and determining powers on the death of the Vice- 
 President. There is no opportunity to substitute him in his 
 power to give a casting vote on matters of legislation or in 
 confirmations to office. It sometimes happens — yes, very 
 often happens in circumstances of political exigency — that 
 the vote of the Vice-President of the United States is neces- 
 sary to determine questions in which the people of the pres- 
 ent age and of coming generations are profoundly interested. 
 
 In this respect his office is higher in its importance than 
 that of the President of the United States and is nearer to 
 the people, as the legislative power, in which the Vice- 
 President may participate, is higher than the veto power of 
 the President. 
 
 In his prison the people at large have their only direct 
 representative in the lawmaking power of Congress, and it 
 is a grand thought that their will, expressed in the vote of 
 the Vice-President, decides all questions when the Senate is 
 equally divided. 
 
Address of Mr. Morgan, of Alabama. 45 
 
 We have lost that power out of the Senate, and while we 
 can supply, and do supply from our own body, a presiding 
 officer who is worthy of the situation in every possible 
 respect, we cannot confer upon the presiding officer the 
 power to cast a vote in case of an equal division of the 
 Senate. So that in his death under the circumstances 
 the Government is bereaved and the Senate has lost an im- 
 mense force. It may turn out not to be unfortunate. \t 
 tin- same time it is the'Striking out of a wheel or a power 
 in the Government of the United States which we cannot 
 supply, and in that respect I look upon the death of our 
 \ ici Pn sidenl a a Meat public calamity. 
 
 It was his honor to participate, as has been remarked 
 here to-day, in some of the most eventful facts in the his- 
 ton of the American Union. It has been many years, Mr. 
 President, if ever, since any Vice-President from that desk 
 announced the passage of a measure of greater importance 
 than that which declared war against Spain. < >ut of the 
 passage of that bill has come the emancipation ol 
 scattered almost around the entire world, from Bourbon 
 rule; from that last remnant of tyranny, which now has 
 departed forever from this hemisphere, and, I may say, from 
 the Pacific Ocean. That was a great opportunity to Gar- 
 ret A. HOBART, and I wish he could have lived to realize, 
 as he would have realized, the great blessings that will flow 
 to mankind from that grand declaration. 
 
 But it stems that it was not the will of Providence that 
 this beautiful character should dwell among us longer. It 
 was our good fortune that we should have the benefit of his 
 counsel and his example, [f any man within my acquaint- 
 ance has ever been taken away from happier circumstances 
 than those which surrounded him I am unconscious of it. 
 
46 Life and Character of Garret A. I lobar t. 
 
 He abounded in wealth built nji by his own hands, so that 
 he really lived under his own vine and fig tree, planted with 
 his own hands. He was surrounded by family ties such as 
 few men in the world boast of or ever enjoy, ties that were 
 the tenderest and truest that a noble woman can create 
 about the heart of a true man. lie had the universal 
 friendship of this grand Republic, from the greatest to the 
 least, without distinction of persons and without stint. 
 
 Upon his magnificent form sat the very beauty of health, 
 power, and the glory of a splendid manhood. There was 
 nothing needed by Garret Hob art, it seemed to me, to 
 make his life completely happy. But he was called, as all 
 men must Ik- called. It has frequently occurred to me that 
 it ought to have been painful to him to separate himself 
 from the good fortunes by which he was surrounded here, 
 but when he was called he answered like a child called by 
 its mother or father and said, "Here, Lord, am I," and he 
 passed away from this life without a regret, it seems, ex- 
 cept on the part of those who knew him and loved him. 
 
 No smoother, quieter, or more gentle death has any man 
 died in this land, and when we come to understand how 
 and why it was, as explained by the Senator from New 
 York [Air. Depew] to-day, we find that he lived and acted 
 a Christian life; not professing Christianity and failing to 
 observe its injunctions, but he lived a Christian life, and 
 "his works do follow him." So when the summons came 
 to this magnificent man he quietly laid down all of the 
 splendors, all of the attractions, all of the charms of life, 
 called his family about him and bade them quietly adieu, 
 having made all preparations for the disposal of his body 
 after death. Who would not say, "Let my last end be 
 like his?" 
 
Address of Mr. Morgan^ of Alabama. 47 
 
 He has left in this Chamber, Mr. President, a very sweet 
 memory; one not merely honored, but a memory that is 
 beloved by his associates here. I have never heard a criti- 
 cism or ill-natured remark made about Garret A. HOBART 
 while he was Vice-President and in the occupancy of the 
 Presidency of the Senate. It is wonderful that under his 
 Presidency we could pass through the scenes that we have 
 here, wrought up almost to the pitch of exasperation at 
 times by party conflicts and differences of opinion about 
 matters of the greatest possible moment — wonderful that in 
 the midst of all our excitements we were all the friends, 
 the warm personal friends, of the late Vice-President of the 
 United States. 
 
 I will read a roll of the Vice-Presidents, of whom lie was 
 the last: John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Aaron Hun. 
 George Clinton, Elbridge Gerry, Daniel I). Tompkins, 
 John C. Calhoun, Martin Van Buren, Richard M.Johnson, 
 John Tyler, George M. Dallas, Millard Fillmore, William 
 R. Kin-, John C. Breckinridge, Hannibal Hamlin, Andrew 
 Johnson, Schuyler Colfax, Henry Wilson, William A. 
 Wheeler, Chester A. Arthur, Thomas A. Hendricks, Levi 
 1'. Morton, Adlai I-',. Stevenson, and Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 In that ll lust ii on, roll of great statesmen, some of whom 
 have impressed themselves upon the world until, we may 
 well sax, their memory will last for all time, there is the 
 last name, which we honor to-day, who was unpretending 
 in his course of life, who appeared not to be an ambitious 
 man, but who carried wisdom and justice in his bosom and 
 friendship in his heart, love tor his race, his fellow-man, 
 and lor his country. 
 
 As he loved us. so we love ami revere his memory. 
 
48 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. CHANDLER, OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 Mr. President, in paying my tribute of respect and affec- 
 tion to the memory of our late Vice-President, I am naturally 
 reminded of his relations and those of Mrs. Hobart to the 
 State of New Hampshire. As Merrimack County, during 
 the closing years of the last century, was the pioneer region 
 of the Granite State, where Daniel Webster first saw the 
 light of day, with the smoke from no hearthstone rising 
 over the frozen hills between the rude chimney of his 
 father's home and the settlements on the rivers of Canada, 
 so during the earlier years of the present century Coos 
 County was the frontier section, close up to the Canadian 
 border, narrowed almost to a point by the eager pressure of 
 the Green Mountain Boys of Vermont on the west and the 
 sturdy woodsmen of Maine on the east. In this county of 
 Coos, in its primitive days, strong and God-fearing men and 
 women pierced the damp wilderness, conquered the frosts 
 and snowdrifts, tilled the rough and rockv land, and went 
 on amid such surroundings to cultivate and develop the 
 noblest aspirations for themselves and their descendants, for 
 their State and their country. 
 
 Born in this county of Coos from English and New York 
 ancestry, Addison W. Hobart, son of Roswell Hobart, as a 
 boy, moved to New Jersey and became a school-teacher, 
 later a prosperous and respected merchant. From the same 
 frontier countv of Coos also went to New Jersey one of her 
 best sons, Socrates Tuttle, who became likewise a school- 
 teacher and afterwards a lawyer of ability, eminence, and 
 
Address of Mr. Chandler, of New Hampshire. 49 
 
 success. From the families of these two New Hampshire 
 men, who were intimate friends in their new home, came 
 Garret A. Hobart, for whom we now mourn, and his 
 helpful and devoted wife, in the presence of whose sacred 
 grief we she mid to-day speak with the utmost tenderness 
 and sympathy. 
 
 The Vice-President was a man of rare gifts of person, 
 mind, and manners; never acting with boisterous force in 
 affairs nor with tierce energy in oratory, but possessed of 
 the highest native intelligence, assisted l>v the most ample 
 culture and marvelously blessed with the most potent 
 ability to meet the strongest men of the country in business 
 negotiations, in legal contests, and in political managi 
 and t<> control and influence their actions according to his 
 plans and desires. He was fortunate in In 
 education, and also in his college course, which ended at 
 an earl) age and gave him an opportunity, like his father 
 and his wife's father, to fasten his hold upon what he had 
 learned ami to prepare- to make use of it with readiness and 
 power through that lust of discipline, which has In I] 
 form the characters and give success to the careers of so 
 many of America's public nun — a period of patient service 
 as a school-teacher. 
 
 Then he Studied law, entered upon its practice, and 
 became successful as a lawyer before In- interested himself 
 in the political struggles of his city, county, and State. 
 lie had valuable training during repeated terms of service 
 in the legislature, and while presiding as the chosen 
 head in each of its branches he enjoyed unusual opportu- 
 nities for the complete exercise and improvement of his 
 highest faculties. It was through all these experiences, 
 S. Doc. 450 4 
 
50 Life and Character of Garret A. I lobar! . 
 
 doing his part well in every function, whether small or 
 large, that he made himself wise and cautions, able and 
 strong, cultivated perfect self-control, secured the supreme 
 confidence of his associates in every station, and fiuallv came 
 to exhibit those traits of character which gave to him the 
 supreme successes of his life, his worldly riches, and his last 
 and highest public honors, those of the Vice- Presidency. 
 
 My own personal relations with Mr. Hobart, beginning 
 with political associations of main' years ago, were most 
 cordial, based upon that mutual respect which is essential, 
 I think, to perfect friendship; and those relations were 
 without a break or a flaw at any time. I am therefore not 
 willing now to coolly analyze his mental characteristics or 
 to speak discriminately of his merits in private life and in 
 public station. For such a purpose this date is too near 
 tin.- time of his obsequies, where we saw so many of his 
 countrymen coming from miles around his home, epiietly 
 thronging the streets of Paterson and giving unite recogni- 
 tion of the great loss that had come to them through the 
 death of their most distinguished citizen. Their affection 
 lor him brought them to his bier; and it is only of that 
 side of his character which evoked such affection that I am 
 willing to speak to-day. 
 
 Sometimes it is possible that kind and tender-hearted 
 men are too weak for the great affairs of life, private and 
 public. Yet it cannot be successfully maintained as a 
 general assertion that the strong men of this world have 
 been unamiable in their relations either with their families 
 or their fellows. In truth, the contrary, I think, is the 
 ease. Those wdio have been the sweetest and gentlest of 
 men in ordinary life have been also the strongest and the 
 
Address of Mr. Chandler, of New Hampshire. 51 
 bravest when great and worthy exigencies have called 
 upon them for courageous action. It must not be said 
 only of the warriors that — 
 
 The bravest arc the tenderest— 
 The loving arc the daring. 
 
 It may be also said of these in civic station that some of 
 the noblest and most heroic deeds of history have been 
 performed by the quietest and most affectionate of men. 
 
 At all events, he whose career we now eulogize never 
 was called weak or undecided when strength and decision 
 were needed. He had sufficient will power and could 
 Strenuously exert himself whenever the occasion required 
 him to do so. Does anyone doubt that in any possible 
 emergency of life that we can conceive of in which he 
 might have been called to act firmness and strength of 
 character would have been shown sufficient to stamp him 
 a i on< of the strongest of men? 
 
 Bui how gentle was his nature to all around him. His 
 joyous looks, his smiles of humor, his words of greeting 
 commendation, anil advice made him the most p] 
 
 tirades, the truest, sweetest, and dearest of friends. 
 No efforl is needed at this moment on the part of any one 
 of us who has served with him in this Chamber to see 
 him, in the mind's eye, courteously and graciously pre- 
 siding over the Senate, heeding the rights of all, giving 
 to everyone his due, offending no one, and drawing to 
 himself a respect and affection from all his companions 
 which will never lade as long as his memory lingers in 
 their minds and hearts. 
 
 The thoughts of our departed friend should always be 
 accompanied by a vivid faith that he is immortal, is even 
 
52 Life ami Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 now with all his heart and sonl serving the Creator of 
 
 his being in a world more wonderful, more glorious and 
 
 happier than this in which we are left behind. Such 
 
 faith in a future state cannot be driven from the minds 
 
 of men. That it is given to us to see in this life, even 
 
 with limited vision, the countless stars of heaven, each 
 
 one the center of a solar system like that which we call 
 
 our own, whose vastness appalls the mind with its visible 
 
 immensity; that we are allowed to perceive the wonders 
 
 of the earth ami ocean, what God has created and, what 
 
 man has wrought; that we are permitted to know and 
 
 feel the reality of the existence of the souls of men and 
 
 each one the existence of his own soul; and yet that at the 
 
 end of a short stage of being on this planet we are doomed 
 
 in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, when the mere 
 
 body dies, to be annihilated, to be known no more by 
 
 others, to become ourselves forever unconscious — nobody 
 
 believes in such a cruel fate for all mankind. Everyone 
 
 has hope and faith in immortality. The change is to be 
 
 a solemn one, but who would prefer annihilation? 
 
 Nor are we in the life to come to be merely disembodied 
 
 spirits. Such a transition is not conceivable. We are to 
 
 possess material bodies, not the same we now have, less 
 
 earthy, more spiritual, than those, we trust, but still 
 
 material bodies, exploring the great physical orbs about 
 
 us, learning what they are, beginning to comprehend the 
 
 mysteries of their vastness. Then also shall we meet those 
 
 who have gone before us. 
 
 When the mists have risen above us, 
 
 As tile Father knows his own; 
 Face to face with those who love ns, 
 
 We shall know- as we are known. 
 
Address of Mr. Chandler, of New Hampshire. ^ 
 
 We may clasp hands with the .Master; and — who can 
 tell? — possibly in some far-off time, yet after a period short 
 compared with the full measure of our immortal existence, 
 we may be permitted humbly to look upon the great white 
 throne and Him who sits thereon. Without a doubt I 
 believe that our friend whom we have lost here now lives — 
 me soul that we knew and loved — but endowed with 
 a new body and a glorified spirit, inhabiting some one of 
 the stars which nightly shine upon us, impress us with a 
 deep conviction of our immortality, and subdue us into awe 
 and reverence foi the great Creator of the universe. 
 
 Tlu- city of our God 
 
 Hi! \\ idc. 
 
 And through her streel 
 
 Shall pour a living tide. 
 
 n i more night shall be, 
 I .ah shall reign 
 hall bi no mon 
 
 No part in 
 
Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. LODGE, OF MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Mr. President: The death of Mr. Hobart was both a 
 loss to the country and a deep personal sorrow to his 
 friends, of whom no man ever had more. Of the qualities 
 of mind and heart which make it possible to say this with- 
 out going beyond the limits of simple truth, there is much 
 to be said. But there was one conspicuous public sen-ice 
 rendered by Mr. Hobart which I think has not been 
 understood, and certainly has not been adequately appreci- 
 ated. He restored the Vice-Presidency to its proper posi- 
 tion and lifted it up before the people to the dignity and 
 importance which it merits. The decline of the Yiee- 
 Presidency in political weight and popular estimation has 
 been an unfortunate development of the last fifty years. 
 In our regard for that office and in our treatment of it we 
 have departed utterly from the wise conception of the 
 founders of our Government. The framers of the Consti- 
 tution intended that the Vice-President should be, in all 
 respects, in ability, in reputation, in weight of character, 
 and in his standing before the people, on a plane of abso- 
 lute equality with the President. We have but to turn to 
 the original clause of the Constitution, amended so long 
 ago that it is well-nigh forgotten, and there find the proof 
 of this statement. 
 
 In that clause it was provided that the electors in each 
 .State should vote for two persons from different States 
 without naming the office voted for, and that the man 
 receiving the highest vote in all the electoral colleges 
 should he President and the one receiving the next high- 
 
Address of Mr. Lodge, of Massachusetts. 55 
 
 est should be Vice-President. In other words, the electors 
 were to vote for two men who were equally fit to be Presi- 
 dent, and one was to have the first and the other the sec- 
 ond place. This system led to the tie between Jefferson 
 and Burr in 1801, the dangerous intrigue in the House to 
 supplant the former by the latter, and the consequent 
 amendment of the Constitution compelling the electors to 
 indicate the office voted for. The amendment was un- 
 doubtedly necessary, but it does not touch in any way the 
 original conception of the makers of the Constitution, nor 
 should it ever have been allowed to affect it. 
 
 According to that conception, the Vice-President, placed 
 011 equal level in choice, was to be a man not only fit to 
 i to ill,/ Presidency in case of death or disability, 
 bul was marked out by his position as the natural succes- 
 sor when the four or the eight years' term of his as 
 
 spired. In this way Adams succeeded Washington 
 and Jefferson succeeded Adams. Then, again, after a long 
 il, Van Buren went from the Vice-Presidency to the 
 White House. Since that time the conception of the fram- 
 ers has faded and grown dim. The Vice-Presidency has 
 been treated t< ften b) part}- conventions either as a con- 
 venient and honorable shelf upon which an eminent man 
 might quietly close his career, or as .1 consolation prize to 
 be awarded to the faction in the party which had failed to 
 wm tlie highest place. In the fust case the country ran the 
 risk of having a Vice-President incapable, from age or per- 
 haps other causes, ..f carrying the responsibilities of the 
 Presidencj if they were forced upon him ; and in tin 
 they had a Vice-President who lived in strained and distant 
 relations with the White House, ami if suddenly called to 
 
56 Life and Character of Garret . i. Hobart. 
 
 occupy it brought a change of men and of measures when 
 the people had voted for policies and executors of policies 
 wild should be continuous in action for four years. 
 
 So far has this misconception and this false treatment of 
 the Vice- Presidency gone that it is almost universally looked 
 upon as certain political extinction for any man with a 
 career before him, still more with hopes of the Presidenev, 
 to accept the second place in the Government, to which he 
 is chosen by the votes of the entire American people. Such 
 ideas and such a practice are bad for the Government, com- 
 plete perversions of the intentions of the framers, and breed 
 conditions which are potentially dangerous. Out of this 
 neglect and misconception Mr. Hobart silently lifted his 
 great office merely by the manner in which he filled it and 
 performed its duties. Quietly, firmly, and with perfect tact 
 he asserted the dignity of his high position, never going too 
 far and always far enough. Without knowing exactly win-, 
 people suddenly came to realize that there was a Vice- 
 President of the United States, that he held the second 
 position in the Government, and that, with the exception 
 of the President, he was the only man in the country holding 
 office by the vote of the entire people. In the same way the 
 old and true conception of the Vice-Presidency in relation 
 to tlie administration reappeared. Instead of holding aloof 
 or remaining indifferent to the conduct of the Government, 
 Mr. Hobart regarded himself as a part of the Administration 
 and as a representative of the policies which that Adminis- 
 tration had been chosen to carry into effect — as one of the 
 President's friends, advisers, and supporters, equally inter- 
 ested with him in the success of the measures to which they 
 were alike committed. 
 
Address of Mr. Lodge, oj Massachusetts. 57 
 
 As presiding officer of the Senate lie fulfilled carefully and 
 thoroughly every duty of the place. He abandoned once fi >r 
 all the bad habit which had grown up of submitting nearly 
 every question of order to the Senate, and ruled promptly 
 and well on all these points, as every presiding officer ought 
 to do. In these ways he steadily elevated the Vice- Presi- 
 dency in the estimation of the people, and made the office 
 what the framers of the Constitution intended it to be. 
 
 When he came to Washington he was but little known 
 to the people of the United States outside his native State 
 of New Jersey. When he died the whole country grieved, 
 not because the Vice-President was dead, hut 1 
 GARRET HOBART was gone, who had, in a time only too 
 brief, impressed himself upon them as a worthy holder 
 of a great office and as a distinguished public man. 
 
 It may be that we shall drift back into the old and false 
 idea which has grown up ibout the Vice-Presidency. It 
 maybe that again it will be treated as an office for some- 
 one about to retire from public life, as a consolation prize 
 to a defeated faction; but should this happen, 1 cannot 
 believe that it will last, and there will certainly he no 
 excuse tor it now, because Mr. Hobart demonstrated 
 plainly to all men the real greatness and importance 
 
 md has shown that it ought to he one of the great 
 
 of political life, to he desired by our most ambitious 
 
 men. and regarded not only for its intrinsic importance, hut 
 
 as a stepping-stone to higher honors. That a man in two 
 
 ould 'hi this is the strongest evidence of an unusual 
 
 character and of abilities of 110 common order. 
 
 I have dwelt at length upon this point because it has 
 seemed to me that it showed in a very marked wa\ what 
 
58 Life and Character of Garret . 1. Hobart. 
 
 manner of man Mr. Hobart was. There is, however, 
 much more to be said. I did not have the good fortune to 
 know Mr. Hobart until he came to the Vice-Presidency, 
 but during his service here I came to know him well and 
 to regard him as a most valued friend, and to hope that he 
 had given his friendship to me. He had an unusual capac- 
 ity for winning affection. No one, I think, could be closely 
 associated with him without becoming sincerely attached to 
 him. His invariable good temper, his cheerful disposition, 
 his sense of humor, his love of fun, all made him a most 
 attractive companion, but beneath these agreeable attri- 
 butes were much stronger qualities. 
 
 In the trying days which preceded the Spanish war, 
 when the country was moving surely toward the last resort 
 of nations, and when doubts and hesitations were apparent 
 in many directions, Mr. Hobart revealed himself to me as 
 a man of strong sense and with a clearness of vision which 
 showed him to be a statesman. When perplexing questions 
 were upon him, lie showed in a marked degree that highest 
 of qualities, veracity of mind. He was never muddled with 
 words, entangled witli phrases, or lost in the mist of fine 
 sentiments. He never mistook words for things. He saw 
 facts exaetlv as they were and dealt with them accordingly. 
 He knew that in the conduct of the Government, and 
 especially in times of war, it was sometimes necessary for 
 the public good to disregard individual feelings. However 
 unpleasant such a duty might be, he would not shrink from 
 it, and he never hesitated to tell a needed truth if it was for 
 the benefit of the country, although his tact was such that 
 personal enmity never followed. 
 
 I trust and believe that when the history of the momen- 
 
Address of Mr. Lodge, of Massachusetts. 59 
 
 tons times in which he rendered his greatest public sen-ices 
 comes to be written he will receive the very high meed ol 
 praise which he deserves. Those who knew him and saw 
 him in that eventful period know well what he did and 
 appreciate at their right value the courage, loyalty, and 
 ability which he displayed. We mourn him as a friend, as 
 an eminent and patriotic public servant, faithful to his 
 country in all relations of life. His death while he was 
 still in his prime was a grievous loss, not only to those who 
 loved him, but to the country which he loved and which he 
 served so well. 
 
Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. CAFFERY, OF LOUISIANA. 
 
 Mr. President: I did not learn of the date of the 
 eulogies on Vice-President Hobart in time to prepare any 
 elaborate statement upon his life and character. I will 
 limit myself to a brief but sincere tribute of affection and 
 esteem to his memory. I will touch upon his character 
 <>nlv as it was exhibited here. I had not that personal 
 acquaintance with the Vice-President which would warrant 
 me in any extended remarks upon his inner life. 
 
 But, Mr. President, there are abundant opportunities to 
 discover what material a man is made of when he is placed 
 in th.e position that Vice-President Hobart was. He was 
 in daily contact with the members of this body; he had to 
 pass upon questions of great moment; and however much 
 his position would seem to screen him from that scrutiny 
 into character which the ordinary man affords, yet there 
 was abundant and ample opportunity to know and to judge 
 of his great merits. 
 
 Mr. President, as a presiding officer of this body Vice- 
 President Hobart could be truthfully said to be an ideal 
 one. His judgments were characterized by clearness and 
 comprehension, and by a trait which is rarely possessed — of 
 absolute impartiality. He was a partisan, as all adherents 
 to great political parties are; but in the discharge of his 
 duties as President of this body he was absolutely impartial. 
 It mattered not what the question was, it mattered not 
 whether there was an opportunity to catch the nearest way 
 for political advantage, in every ruling of his it was at 
 
Address of Mr, Caffery, of Louisiana. 61 
 
 once perceived that lie was animated solely by the honorable 
 and high purpose to discharge the functions of his great 
 office as befitted the Vice-President of the whole United 
 States and not as the adherent or partisan of any party. 
 The smoke of the battle between adherents and the shout- 
 ings of tin. captains never ascended to the chair which he 
 occupied. There all was calm and serene; justice and 
 impartiality presided there. 
 
 Now, Mr. President, with the limited scope of my obser- 
 vation, I can truthfully say that no more kindly or courteous 
 man ever presided over any deliberative assembly in these 
 United States. His kindliness of disposition, his courteous- 
 ness of demeanor, impressed everyone that came in contact 
 with him. There was no show ; there was no pretense ; but 
 there wa> the simple performance of duty by an American 
 elevated to his high position. And, Mr. President, it is one 
 of his highest praises that he was of the noblest ami purest 
 type of American manhood, American virtue, American 
 patriotism, American justice, and American impartiality in 
 the discharge of the functions of his great office. 
 
 This simple tribute of mine, Mr. President, is sinc( re. I 
 speak with absolute sincerity in all tin- remarks that I have 
 made about the deceased Vice-President. 1 know that his 
 character and his qualities have been portrayed before the 
 Senate to-dav in language too eloquent for me to attempt to 
 rival or to equal. I know that the) have uttered the living 
 truth. I know that no word of praise that has fallen from 
 the lips of those who have eulogized the deceased Yiee- 
 Presidenl has been said beyond the truth. 1 know that all 
 the Senators who have addressed us to-day upon the life of 
 oui departed President have been animated solely l>v a desire 
 
62 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 to pav that tribute of respect and admiration which we' all, 
 as American Senators, feel to the memory of the late Vice- 
 President. 
 
 The old Latin maxim, De mortuis nil nisi bonnm, is 
 surely inapplicable to Vice-President Hobart. His armor 
 of character is so perfect as not to be penetrable by the 
 tongue of detraction, however keen, nor by the pen of crit- 
 icism, however hostile. Armed with this character of truth 
 and honor, kindliness and courtesy, impartiality and justice, 
 detraction and criticism are alike baffled to find a flaw in the 
 admirable type of manhood which he exhibited. 
 
Address of Mr. Allen, of Nebraska. 
 
 [] ALLEN, OF NEBRASKA. 
 
 Mr. PRESIDENT: Occasions like this rob me of what 
 little power of speech nature has given me; and yet I 
 feel that I would not be doing my full duty, occupying 
 the peculiar political attitude I do in this Chamber, if I 
 should now fail to say a word commemorative of the life 
 and virtues of our deceased Vice-President. 
 
 My acquaintance with Mr. Hobart began, of course, 
 March j, 1897. It ended March 4, 1899, having extended 
 through the three memorable sessions of the Fifty-fifth 
 Congress. 1 had heard of him before his nomination to 
 the Vice- Presidency. 1 had known of him as one citizen 
 would know of a distinguished citi/en living in a distant 
 part of the nation. But I had never met him, and 1 knew 
 of him more particularly as a prominent Republican in 
 high favor with his party on the Atlantic seaboard. 
 
 There was nothing in common between the late Vice- 
 lent and myself politically; we were antipodal, lie 
 was a most pronounced Republican; 1 an equally pro- 
 nounced Populist, lie believed in the doctrines of his party; 
 I did not and do not. He did not believe in the doctrines 
 of my party. And yet, Mr. President, on this solemn 
 :■ it affords me a mournful pleasure to In- able 
 to testily to the high personal worth and character of 
 this distinguished citizen. There was much in the char- 
 acter of Garret A. Hobart that was lovable. He was a 
 
64 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 sincere and truthful man. He was an intelligent and 
 honest man, always actuated by the highest and purest of 
 motives. 
 
 It is sometimes said that men are not entitled to any 
 particular mention or credit for discharging their duties. I 
 do not believe in that saying. In these days and in this 
 generation, where greed is pushing for power and sometimes 
 abusing it, to find one of pronounced political proclivities 
 and opinions who can withstand the appeals and the cajolery 
 of his party and discharge his duty fully and well in the 
 face of public sentiment is so rare as to recpiire recognition 
 and notice. 
 
 ( If course my acquaintance with the distinguished deceased 
 was not such as to permit me to speak at length of his virtues. 
 And yet, Mr. President, it is not necessary to have known 
 a man throughout his entire career to enable one to form 
 something of an estimate of his character and his character- 
 istics. The late Vice-President was a typical American. 
 There was nothing of snobbishness in his character. What- 
 ever he was was upon the surface ; it was noticeable by all 
 men. He was a product not only of the soil in which he 
 sleeps, but he was a product of American institutions, and 
 was thoroughly American in all his habits, thoughts, in- 
 stincts, and purposes. 
 
 I feel, Mr. President, something of a personal loss in the 
 death of Mr. Hobart. When he, on the 4th of March, 
 [897, stood at the desk you now occupy and I listened to 
 his address to this Chamber and to the country, there came 
 over me a thought that possibly this man intends to revo- 
 lutionize the rules and violate the traditions of the .Senate 
 that had stood unchallenged for over a hundred years. I 
 
Address of Mr. Allen, of Nebraska. 65 
 
 now recognize that possibly I was oversuspicious and some- 
 what hypercritical at the time. As time wore on and r 
 becarnemorefamiliarwith this distinguished citizen I learned 
 his main- virtues and high character. I found him to be a 
 man of supreme courage at all times and under all circum- 
 stances, dealing justly with all Senatorsand with all having 
 business before this great bodv. 
 
 I would say, Mr. President, my estimate of Air. HobarT 
 is that he possessed in a rare degree those qualities which 
 would make a judicial officer. His temperament was judi- 
 cial. While he was rapid and accurate in the transaction 
 of business, he was always just and considerate of the rights 
 and welfare of others, 
 
 Mr. President, on more than oik occasion this friend of 
 our-, showed me acts of kindness that it would be impossible 
 for me to forget; and throughout the years, whether they 
 1|( -' few or man) , that may be allotted to me on earth 1 shall 
 look hack to the Fifty-fifth Congress with kindlj recollec- 
 tions of this distinguished man, who has been untimely 
 taken from his family and his country. 
 
 Death, Mr. President, is a peculiai thing. Men are born 
 
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66 Life and Character of Garret A. Ilobart. 
 
 Mr. President, it would be useless for me to say more. 
 It" I were to write the epitaph of this distinguished man, I 
 would chisel upon the shaft that stands above his mortal 
 remains the words: "Here lies an honest man, the noblest 
 work i if God." 
 
Address oj Mr, k\an, of New Je 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR NEW JERSEY 
 
 Mr. President: The State of New Jersey mourns with 
 the Union of all the States in the untimely death of her 
 distinguished son, Garret A. Hobart. Great as the loss 
 has been to the nation, the blow has fallen with heavier 
 force and with the sense of a personal and intimate loss 
 upon the people of the city and State among whom his 
 busy and useful life has been spent. He was born in the 
 State of Mew Jersey. His youth and early manhood, his 
 college da\ ■>, and the ripening seasons of his lif 
 passed amid the familiar scenes and the friendh faces of his 
 native home, and at the last, when the inevitable summons 
 came, he died in the citj which mourned him as its most 
 illustrious citizen and in the State to which he brought so 
 much honor and distinction. If the State gave him birth 
 and > ducation, training and experience, home and success, 
 he, too, was generous to New Jersey, for he brought new 
 honors to the old Commonwealth, he reflected new glon 
 upon its career, alread\ bright with the achievements of 
 the distinguished patriots who had preceded him, and he 
 returned with thousandfold interest the bounty of his gen- 
 irent. 
 
 His was a life of usefulness. All his abilities centered 
 about that pivot of action and conduct. He believed that 
 the only aristocracy and the true aristocracy was the aris- 
 tocracj of useful men and useful women. lie lived loyalh 
 by that principle through all his days. He exemplified it 
 in his boyh 1 anion- the farms of Monmouth Countv. It 
 
68 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 was the principle which guided him through his under- 
 graduate days at Rutgers College. It animated his early 
 life as a law student and as a follower of the law. It was 
 
 the magic wand which brought him the gifts of success in 
 all his undertakings, in his private and domestic life, in 
 his business and political career, ami, finally, in the lofty 
 sphere of public activity to which at the call of the people 
 he was summoned. He had not only the desire to be use- 
 ful, hut he knew how to be useful. There was no waste of 
 effort either in his intention or in the application of it. He 
 was not led aside into bypaths. He followed the direct 
 road to usefulness by the shortest route. Thus he accom- 
 plished great deeds of usefulness for his city, his State, and 
 his country-. It was the legacy he most desired to leave to 
 his fellow-citizens. 
 
 Loyalty was no less a striking feature of his character. 
 He came of a loyal, patriotic ancestry, and the influence 
 of that heritage was manifest in all the phases of his busy, 
 useful life. He was loyal to his home, to his city, to his 
 State, and to his country. He was loyal to the great prin- 
 ciples of liberty upon which the fathers founded this 
 Government. From his early youth he was led to believe 
 in the wisdom, the justice, and the patriotism of the 
 Republican party. He never swerved in his loyalty to 
 that belief, and all the activities of his energetic political 
 career were devoted to the maintenance and the strengthen- 
 ing of that party and its principles. He was loyal to his 
 friends because he believed friendship to be a sacred 
 association. He was loyal to his country because he 
 believed that within the United States T.od in His wisdom 
 had established the highest and noblest form of govern- 
 
Address <>/ Mr. Kean, of New Jersey. 69 
 
 ment yet given to man. He served his country, his fellow- 
 man, and liis God with a loyalty that marked him as a man 
 apart. 
 
 From his young manhood he had taken a deep interest 
 in public affairs. With him this inclination seemed to be 
 the outcome of a special genius for public and political 
 life. He might, indeed, have spent all his days in the 
 public service from the day when fresh from his law- 
 studies lie was summoned to political office in his own cit\ 
 and county. The ability witli which these earlier tasks 
 were discharged made clear the path before him when it 
 was desirable in the interests of his constituency that he 
 should represent his county in the State legislature. In 
 the legislative halls of his own State he rapidly made an 
 enviable reputation as a faithful legislator, a wise public 
 servant, and a man whose integrity and honesty of purpose 
 an ever questioned. He was barely over 30 when he 
 was chosen speaker of the assembly. A lew years later he 
 became president of the senate. Iu both these positions he 
 displayed the same grasp of parliamentary practice, the 
 same dispatch of public business which were so strongly 
 revealed in his can er as presiding officer of this body. 
 
 Gradually, step b) step, he increased his sphere of activ- 
 ity and influence. IK' became a power in the politics of 
 his own State. lie became a factor ill the politics of the 
 nation. For years he represented the State of Newjersej 
 on the national Republican committee, and during all this 
 time he worked with unceasing energy tor the success ol 
 the party and its candidates wherever the) might he. His 
 political acumen became traditional. His judgment on 
 political matters was regarded as unerring. His loyalt) 
 
■jo Life ami Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 was a constant inspiration. His zeal accomplished results 
 where others failed. Not a few of the successes of the 
 Republican party in New Jersey and elsewhere were due to 
 the remarkable combination of qualities and activities 
 found in Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 Popularity came to him as naturally as if it were an 
 endowment of his birth. He made friends as easily as he 
 kept them. To meet him was to come under the influence 
 of a gentle, lovable, sunny, affectionate nature such as few 
 men have the fortune to possess. Strong as he was in his 
 beliefs, courageous as he was in his convictions, and un- 
 yielding in his sense of right and honor, it seemed impos- 
 sible for him to make an enemy. He dwelt in an atmos- 
 phere which drew men toward him. Add to this a mental 
 equipment of the highest order, and the secret of his success 
 in winning success is disclosed. 
 
 The people of his own State knew him and loved him long 
 before his great and good qualities as a man and as a states- 
 man became known to all men. New Jersey had tried him 
 through a long period of years. In everything he had been 
 called upon to do for his State or for his people he had 
 i lone more than the full measure of his duty. He had 
 always surpassed even the fond expectations of those who 
 expected the most of him. He had endeared himself, as 
 few sous of New Jersey have ever done, to all the people of 
 his State, and when the national convention of Republican 
 delegates summoned Garret A. Hobart to be a standard 
 bearer with William McKinley, New Jersey felt that at last 
 her honored son had come into the legacy that was his and 
 her due. 
 
 How the Vice-President bore himself since that day in 
 
Address of Mr. Kraii. oj New Jersey. 71 
 
 July, 1896, when lie was called upon to be a candidate for 
 the second highest office in the gift of the people it is not 
 my province to attempt to describe. I am here to-day to 
 testify to the love that New Jersey bore for her distinguished 
 and lamented son — -one. alas, too early to his long rest; 
 to testify to the honor and distinction that Vice-President 
 Hobart conferred upon the State, which mingles tears 
 over his untimely departure with pride for his illustrious 
 career. Well might New Jersey and the nation engrave 
 this epitaph over his grave: 
 
 in hearts we leave behind 
 die. 
 
Proceedings in the House. 
 
 DECEMBER 4. [899. 
 
 The Rev. Henry X. Couden, Chaplain of the last House, 
 offered the following | 
 
 Almighty God, our Heavenly Father, in whom all our 
 longings, hopes, and aspirations are centered, both as indi- 
 viduals and as a nation, humbly and most reverently we 
 bow before Thee, knowing full well that without Thee we 
 can do nothing; but with Thee we are capabje 
 
 iplishment of great things, and thus fulfill our indi- 
 vidual destin} and make, to greatei perfection, the genius 
 1 if Mm 1 Government. 
 
 We bless Thee for that providence which has upheld, 
 sustained, and guided us through all the vicissitudes of the 
 past, tor the prosperity which now smiles upon us, for the 
 intelligence, moral excellency, and religious attainments 
 of our people, and for that prestige which under Tin prov- 
 idence has made us strong and influential throughout the 
 world. We pray Thee that the onward march of progress 
 may not be impeded by the new conditions which perforce 
 une upon us. 
 
 Make, we beseech Thee, for wisdom and righteousness 
 our statesmen, that all tin- difficult and intricate problems 
 which shall arise may be justly, wisely, and amicabh 
 adjusted. 
 
74 Proceedings in the House. 
 
 To this end we most fervently pray for the President of 
 these United States and all of his official advisers, that in 
 the affairs of State he may be guided by the light of heaven. 
 
 Hear us when we commend to Thy special care the Con- 
 gress now convened. Before it is an open page; and at its 
 close we pray Thee that it may be writ with history which 
 the American people may be proud to look upon and which 
 shall meet Thy approbation. We pray that Thy Holy 
 Spirit may come mightily upon the Speaker and upon all 
 the members on this floor. 
 
 Since last we met many members who otherwise would 
 be here have been removed by death. We lift up our hearts 
 in behalf of their friends and their loved ones. 
 
 It would seem a great calamity that has been visited upon 
 us in the death of our Vice-President. But Thou art God, 
 and doetll all things well. May his character, unsullied, 
 and his great example in private and in public life be an 
 inspiration to us all, and may Thy loving arms be about 
 his bereaved wife and child. 
 
 These things we ask in the spirit of our Lord, Christ, our 
 Saviour. Amen. 
 
 ANNOUNCEMENT OF DEATH. 
 
 Mr. Gardner, of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, to me has 
 fallen the melancholy duty of announcing to the House 
 that Garret A. Hobart, Vice- President of the United 
 States, departed this life, at his home in Paterson, N. J., on 
 the 21st day of November, 1899. 
 
 The marked administration of the high office which he 
 held, the second in the gift of the Republic, his brilliant 
 
I'riiLtiih'ugs in the House. 75 
 
 and useful career, his sympathetic touch with every class, 
 the unsullied purity of his public and private life, had so 
 impressed the country that his death occasioned expression 
 of deep-felt grief so universal as to manifest a general and 
 profound sense of national bereavement. 
 
 Congress will doubtless, by concurrent action of the two 
 Houses, at an early moment set apart a time for proper 
 expression touching the life, character, and services of this 
 eminent citizen. 
 
 I move you, sir, that this House, out of respect for his 
 memory, do now adjourn. 
 
 'flu- Speaker. The gentleman from New Jersey moves, 
 out of respect to the memor -1! tin late Vice-President of 
 the United States, that the House il.> now adjourn. 
 
 The motion was agreed to. 
 
 Accordingly (at ^ o'clock and (.9 minutes p. m. 1 the 
 Hous< adjourned. 
 
 J.\\r \ky 8, [90 >. 
 
 Mr. GARDNER, of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, 1 ask 
 unanimous consent that Friday, the 26th day of January, 
 from tin how of 2 o'clock, be set apart as the time 
 fitting tribute to the memor; of the late lamented Vice- 
 President of the I 'lilted States, GARRET A. HOBART. 
 
 There was no objection, and it was so ordered. 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES. 
 
 January 26, igoo. 
 
 The Speaker pro tempore. The gentleman from New 
 Jersey [Mr. Gardner] offers the resolutions which the Clerk 
 will report. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the House lias received with profound sorrow the intel- 
 ligence of the death of Garret A. HobarT, late Vice-President of the 
 United States. 
 
 Resolved, That the business of the House be suspended in order that 
 the public services and private virtues of the deceased ma\ be appropri- 
 ately commemorated. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk of the House be directed to communicate 
 these resolutions to the Senate. 
 
 /6 
 
Address oj Mr. Stewart, of New Jersey. 
 
 EW JERSEY. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: I will occupy the attention of the House 
 but a very few minutes. 
 
 Vice-President Hobart is .lead. The nation was pro- 
 foundly startled at the sad announcement. When we last 
 saw him he was apparently in robust and vigorous health; 
 but the black-robed messenger of death beckoned from the 
 hilltops, and lie followed with the dying to an eternal rest. 
 I knew him well. I attended his marriage to one of the 
 most delightful young women in our community. Now 
 she is his sorrow-laden widow, cloistered in -loom and 
 loneliness. 
 
 His administration was unique, and the unusual friend- 
 ship existing between the dead Vice-President ami our dis- 
 tinguished President was of the tenderest kind, and gave 
 him personally and officially a dignity and importance 
 fore lacking, and raised the office of Vice-President 
 from one of ; faculty to an exalted power. In 
 
 early life he gave emphatic promise of future wealth and 
 greatness. 
 
 ( Kir (U-i'.ls do follow us from afar; 
 
 And what we have been makes us what we are. 
 
 He possessed greater business capacity and executive 
 
 ability than any man I ever knew. He loved wealth and 
 
 power, and dispensed both liberally. As the great port 
 
 says : 
 
 The time of tin- is short; 
 
 To spend it basely were too long. 
 
78 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 His neighbors and friends best know how his shortened 
 time of life was spent. Midas-like, everything he touched 
 turned to gold, and his genial, robust, and cheerful appear- 
 ance loaded him down with preferment and power. Hut 
 it is not to the dead our words should be alone or particu- 
 larly addressed, but to the widowed wife and son who must 
 carry this burden of sorrow throughout a lifetime. To this 
 bereaved widow and stricken boy let our hearts go out with 
 tenderness, sympathy, and love, and appeal to the Almighty, 
 who is especially the widows' God, to strengthen her in 
 her loneliness for all struggles to come; and when she 
 approaches the eternal throne, may she bid a fond adieu to 
 this world t<> embrace her beloved husband in the life 
 everlasting. 
 
 In this life there is a continual parting — by deatn, mar- 
 riage, absence ; all are profoundly sad; hut death is saddest, 
 for it is for life. How pathetic does our own great poet 
 sing of this sad truth: 
 
 \11 are scattered now and fled, 
 Some are married, some are dead; 
 And when I ask, with throbs of pain — 
 "Ah! when shall they all meet again, 
 As in the days long since gone by?" 
 The ancient timepiece made reply; 
 " Forever- never; 
 Never forever." 
 
 Never here, forever there. 
 
 Where all parting, pain, and care. 
 
 And death, and time shall disappear, 
 
 Forever there, 1ml never here, 
 
 The horologe of eternity 
 
 Sayeth this incessantly, 
 
 " Forever — never; 
 Never— forever." 
 
Address <>/ Mr. Stewart, oj New Jersey. 79 
 
 Soon as age greets us we have more friends in eternity 
 than here; and when we are required to depart, death's 
 journey is made easier by this thought. God grant we 
 may all view life as a very transient state, and always 
 regard the star of eternity as soon to surround us in its 
 effulgent rays 
 
fcto Life and Character oj Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. PAYNE, OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, my acquaintance with Garret A. Hobart 
 began on the day lie was nominated to the office of Vice- 
 President at St. Louis. His quiet, cordial, winsome greet- 
 ing when I first met him lingered in my memory long after 
 an acquaintance had ripened into a lasting friendship. I 
 desire to add my testimony to those noble qualities of head 
 and heart that characterized our late Vice-President. 
 
 In our system of government the Vice-President occupies 
 an anomalous and ofttimes uncomfortable position. His is 
 an office of high rank, carrying with it the greatest possi- 
 bilities of political heirship and yet bringing little power 
 hi responsibility. He is the presiding officer of the Senate, 
 and is chosen for that august body and not by them. He 
 has the right to vote only in case of a tie; he rarely has an 
 opportunity to exercise this right while he presides over 
 the deliberations of the Senate. In exercising the preroga- 
 tives of a presiding officer he can never be a potent factor, 
 but is always the servant of the Senate. 
 
 It is to be regretted that in our political system more 
 important duties and greater responsibility could not have 
 been imposed upon an office of such high rank. The 
 duties of the office should have been in keeping with its 
 great possibilities. In case of a vacancy he is the constitu- 
 tional successor of the highest officer in our system. < )nlv 
 a single life stands between him and the Presidency. While 
 he is clothed with the high rank and dignity of presiding 
 over one coordinate branch of Congress, he is shorn of 
 
Address of Mr. Payne, of Nexv York. Si 
 
 responsibility and power. He has no place in the Cabinet 
 councils of the Executive. He cannot raise his voice in 
 debate in the Senate; he cannot vote on the questions, 
 great or small, that come before that body, unless the Sen- 
 ators happen to be equally divided. He has no influence 
 there or elsewhere, except that which comes from his own 
 personality; scarcely more than he would exercise as a 
 private citizen. Often his position is scarcely more enviable 
 than that of the heir apparent to a European throne. 
 
 In the early days of the Republic great care was taken in 
 the selection of candidates for this office. The fact that 
 this officer was the constitutional successor to the Presi- 
 dency whenever a vacancy happened seemed to he the all- 
 pervading influence in the naming of the Vice-President. 
 Down to [804 the Constitution distinctly recognized this 
 principle. The electors voted for two persons. The one 
 receiving the greatest number was chosen President, ami 
 lie who received the second greatest was chosen Vice- 
 President. Under this provision John Adams and Thomas 
 Jefferson were each chosen Vice-President, and each suc- 
 ceeded, by election to the Presidential office, the President 
 with whom they had previously been chosen as Vice-Presi- 
 dent. In like manner at a later period Martin Van Buren 
 also succeeded the President under whom he had served as 
 Vice-President. This method of selection was changed b\ 
 the amendment of [804, owing to an unfortunate complica- 
 tion which arose under the old system. But the reason still 
 existed why a candidate for the Vice- Presidency should lie 
 in all respects equal to the emergency should he succeed to 
 the Presidency. 
 
 e the change in the constitutional method of selec- 
 S. Doc. 450 6 
 
82 Life and Character of Garret .1. Hobart. 
 
 tion less care has been taken, as a general rule, in the 
 selection of the Vice-President. Frequently the question 
 of fitness has been sacrificed to that of availability. After 
 hot and bitter strife within the party the Vice- Presidency 
 has sometimes been thrown as a matter of consolation to 
 appease a disappointed and defeated faction. The Presi- 
 dent always represents the predominant thought and prin- 
 ciples of his party; his possible successor should be chosen 
 for the same reason. He ought not to be the exponent of 
 the tendencies of the minority. His selection ought not to 
 be the result of a desire simply to gain more votes for the 
 ticket. 
 
 Garret A. Hobart did much to restore the office to its 
 old-time dignity and rank. No one who knew him well 
 doubted his fitness and ability to fill with honor to himself 
 and to the lasting glory of his country the place of its Chief 
 Executive. He had the ability, the tact, the statesmanship 
 to take a high place in the long line of illustrious men who 
 have served their country in the greatest office in all the 
 world. 
 
 Mr. Hobart, not officially, but b\ the force of his char- 
 acter, was a part of the Administration. His counsels were 
 listened to in the executive chamber, and his voice was 
 heeded in legislative halls. May his successor be of the 
 same high character and intellectual endowment, amply 
 qualified for all the emergencies which the Constitution has 
 imposed upon the office. 
 
 Garret A. Hobart exemplified the typical life of a suc- 
 cessful American boy. He worked his way through college 
 and won the right to practice in the courts of his State by 
 dint of hard work and on the meager pay as a teacher in the 
 
Address of Mr. Payne, of Nc?x York. 83 
 
 public schools. The school teacher became a lawyer at the 
 age of 25, and this was the beginning of his success, culmi- 
 nating in the Vice-Presidency at the age of 53. While 
 engaged in an active and exacting profession he found time 
 to enter into the councils of his party and perform all the 
 duties of an American citizen. Courage, common sense, 
 ability, and persevering work brought success in every 
 sphere of his usefulness. Responsibilities multiplied upon 
 him, but, like every busy man, he found time for all. 
 
 No interest intrusted to his care was ever neglected. His 
 fellow-citizens honored him and he honored them in the 
 faithful and conspicuous discharge of private and official 
 duties. lie was successively presiding officer of each branch 
 of the legislature of his own State. His advice was eagerly 
 sought b) clients and party managers. And with all the 
 burden of responsibility he found time for his social duties, 
 his family, and his church. He passed away in the ripe 
 maturity of hi- powers, seemingly in the daj of his greatest 
 possibilities and power, yet it was the close of a life abound- 
 ing in influence and full of honorable achievements. 
 
 As presiding officer of the Senate, he has had few equals 
 and no superior. He seldom left the chair during the ses- 
 sion of the Senate, was always fully informed as to the 
 progress of business, never shirked the responsibility of a 
 decision, was ever courteous, tactful, and ready, and with 
 all just and honest. lie was respected by political friend 
 and foe alike. 
 
 In these few words, Mr. Speaker, I have sought, as it 
 were, to place a single flower on the grave of Garret A. 
 HOBART. His life work, how worthily and well done, the 
 whole nation bears witness. His days were full of useful- 
 
84 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ness and crowned with honor. His last victory was his 
 best; it was the victory of the Christian's faith. As he 
 calmly bade his family farewell, and with courage turned 
 to meet the great destroyer, it was with the calm confidence 
 in a new life, unnumbered by the years. His death was 
 the crowning triumph of his successful life. Verily, "His 
 works do follow him." 
 
Address of Mr. Dalzell, of Pennsylvania. 85 
 
 A-DDRESS OF MR. DALZELL, OF PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Since I have been a member of this House 
 I have very seldom taken any part in such exercises as 
 engage our attention to-day. I have never felt that it was 
 my duty to speak when speech would necessarily be onlj 
 perfunctory. I have felt that the language of eulogj is too 
 often the language of extravagance, and that this is the 
 more apt to be so when it is the result of a seeming regard 
 for the demands of propriety than when it is an answer to 
 the promptings of an appreciative regard. Propriety sug- 
 gests that we should put upon record our estimate of the 
 nation's loss sustained in the death of the Vice-President; 
 hut if that were all that appealed to me to-day I should 
 remain silent and leave toothers the duty of formulating 
 that estimate. 
 
 1 come to bring my humble tribute to tin- mem 
 
 1 t A. Hobart because of my personal esteem for 
 him, because of mj admiration of his career, and becau ■ 1 
 believe him to have been a high type of American man- 
 hood, illustrating in his life the splendid possibilities of 
 American citizenship. 
 
 As ma) he said of many Americans — perhaps of the most 
 who are successful —he was the architect of his own fortune. 
 And yet we are not prepared to say of all who thus achieve 
 success that their Lives command our admiration. It is the 
 im aus bv which the success is attained that challenges a 
 place in our regard. 
 
86 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 Mr. HoBAET had sterling qualities of character — industry; 
 the love of work that brings experience; the wisdom that 
 turns that experience to account in the seizure and improve- 
 ment of opportunities; the desire to excel that, faithfully 
 pursued, insures excellence; the integrity and strength of 
 character, the fixedness of purpose, and the healthy ambi- 
 tion that sooner or later bring distinction to their possessor 
 and make him a marked man among his fellows. 
 
 He was a successful man in every sphere that he entered, 
 and the story of his life has to do with main- and varied 
 spheres. He realized success not because of mere accident 
 of fortune or of opportunity, but by reason, above all, of 
 the possession of those faculties and traits of character that 
 appeal to the confidence of men. He attained eminence as 
 a business man. He accumulated wealth and shared it 
 with others. His was the guiding mind in large projects 
 and enterprises whose success meant not only individual 
 .but the general weal. He was a public-spirited man. As 
 his means grew so he grew in mind and character. He- 
 shared his good fortune with others. His hand was open 
 as his heart was warm. 
 
 He had the conception of a broad-minded man as to his 
 duties and responsibilities. He was one of those who 
 conscientiously assume the burdens and face the duties of 
 citizenship. He knew that good government is an indi- 
 vidual affair; that there can be no honest mass unless there 
 be honest particles. And so he gave of his time and of his 
 means to the choice of good men to office. It was regard- 
 less of selfish purposes that he took place himself at the 
 call of his fellows; for with him private interest yielded to 
 public, and public office was a public trust. 
 
Address of Mr. Dalzell, of Pennsylvania. 87 
 
 As the years went by the sphere of his usefulness and of 
 his influence grew. He became a leading man in his city, 
 in his neighborhood, in his State, and at last in the nation. 
 
 He was the law adviser of his city. lit- was more than 
 once a member of his State legislature, and its speaker. He 
 was for six years a member of his State senate, and its pres- 
 ident. He was the nominee of his party for a seat in the 
 United State Senate. He was Vice-President of the United 
 States. Iii all these varioi of trust he so bore 
 
 himself that few could criticise, no one blame, and all must 
 praise. 
 
 IK was a recognized power in his church. He was 
 knt and beneficent, exercising an influence for good 
 among high and low. rich and poor, t<> the remotest places 
 to which that influence reached. And how main those 
 places were only those can tell to whom his departure came 
 with a sense of personal loss. 
 
 It is not lor us to penetrate the sacred precincts and 
 attempt to measure the void made there where he was 
 loved and loving husband and father, counselor, and bosom 
 friend. 
 
 Mr. Hobart's was a well-rounded character. He was a 
 well-poised man; evenly developed on all sides, remarkably 
 free from faults, and well equipped with the everyday vir- 
 tues that count tor so much in making life happy for those 
 around us. 
 
 Hut it is the crowning glory of Mr. HOBART'S lite and 
 thai which makes secure his place in history that during his 
 incumbency of the Vice-Presidencj of the United States he 
 restored to that office its old-time dignity and honor. He 
 gave to this generation a conception of that office which for 
 
88 Life and Character of (.arret A. Hobart. 
 
 many previous generations had faded from the minds of 
 men. 
 
 The framers of the Constitution intended that the qualifi- 
 cations for President and for Vice-President should be 
 identical. Inasmuch as upon the death of the President the 
 Vice-President succeeds him, no reason appeared to their 
 minds why the candidates for these offices should not in all 
 respects be equals, and so the Constitution provided that 
 the electors should vote for two persons, and that the one 
 having the highest number of votes should be President 
 and the next in number the Vice-President. So John 
 Adams was chosen as the first Vice-President, and subse- 
 quently Thomas Jefferson as the second Vice-President, and 
 both were chosen as Presidents upon the expiration of their 
 respective terms. Since their day only one single man has 
 been chosen President of the United States who had pre- 
 viously served as Vice-President, and that was Martin Van 
 Buren. And yet we have learned in four cases — those of 
 Tyler, Fillmore, Johnson, and Arthur, who each succeeded 
 to the Presidency on the death of the President — how 
 essential it is that the Vice-President should be as well 
 equipped for the first office as is the man chosen for the 
 first office himself. 
 
 The alarm occasioned by the rivalry between Jefferson 
 and Aaron Burr in the election of 1S00, when Burr almost 
 succeeded to the Presidency, moved our fathers to amend 
 the Constitution and to provide for the selection of a Presi- 
 dent as such and a Vice-President as such. At the time of 
 this change in our system there were not wanting those 
 who, measured by subsequent events, have been proven to 
 be true prophets. In the debate in the House in 1803 upon 
 
Address of Mr. Dalzell, of Pennsylvania. 89 
 
 the proposed amendment to the Constitution Mr. Ro^er 
 Griswold said : 
 
 The President i- elected for four years. He may die within that period, 
 he may be removed from office, or lit- may become disqualified to perform 
 its duties. In either of these events the Vice-President succeed-, to the 
 power Under the existing arrangement you will secure, as far as human 
 prudence can accomplish it. the most eminent men for these tu 
 
 mdidate must be voted for as President, and if the electors fairly 
 execute the Constitution they will give their votes for those men 
 the best qualified to administer the Government. Tims under every prob- 
 1 •-.! vim will find "lie of the most eminent of your citizens at the 
 head "i ; our Government. 
 
 But if the amendtni nl prevails, the case must he greatly changed. The 
 man voted for as Vice-President will In- selected without ;m\ decisive view 
 to his qualifications to administer the Government. The office will gen- 
 erally be carried into the market to In i oi some 
 ii hi which will lie regarded 
 n ill be the temporary 111- 
 mdidates over the electors of his State. It is in this man- 
 must expect to obtain .1 man to fill the second office in the Gov- 
 ernment ami who must succeed to tin ] hi every 
 
 ■ noted by 
 : ingements, but the permanent mien intr) are 
 
 In how many national conventions have we seen the 
 realizations of these forebodings! In how mam conven- 
 tions have we seen men chosen as Vice-Presidential candi- 
 dates without am controlling regard to their fitness for the 
 office of President, but simply because of expediency and 
 availability for ulterioi purposes! The consequence has 
 been a lowering of the dignity of the second office in the 
 nment in the minds and estimate of the people, and 
 equent diminution of the power and dignity pertain- 
 ing to the office itself. And while- our Vice-Presidents, as 
 a rule, have been distinguished men, they have acquiesced 
 in the popular estimate, and have sought no widei 
 or broader duties than pertain to the Presidency of the 
 
 Senate. 
 
go Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 To this rule Mr. Hobart was a conspicuous exception. 
 He brought to the administration of his office a lofty con- 
 ception of the place and a feeling of personal interest in 
 and sympathy with legislation. His strong personality per- 
 vaded the Senate Chamber. His clear convictions, his 
 earnestness, his patriotism, made themselves felt upon his 
 associates. He was not a looker-on, but an actor, an efficient 
 instrument in the administration of governmental affairs. 
 Unlike his predecessors, he did not stand apart from respon- 
 sibility. He had the confidence of the President; he par- 
 ticipated in the councils of the Cabinet; he helped to shape 
 and mold policies and direct events. He kept abreast of 
 the times and had Providence so decreed he could at any 
 moment have taken up the task had the President been 
 compelled to lay it down. 
 
 It was his fortune to live in stirring times, to participate 
 in grave events. He belonged to an Administration that 
 will mark a new epoch in American history and shape for 
 good or ill our future destiny. Of that Administration he- 
 was a part. Toward the shaping of that destiny he con- 
 tributed his share of counsel and control. He magnified 
 his office. He taught the people to estimate it as he esti- 
 mated it. He taught us all a lesson that I doubt not will 
 bring results in our future history. He restored the Vice- 
 Presidency to the place in our system that it held in the 
 system of the fathers. 
 
 And so when death claimed him all the people mourned 
 his loss. They said of him as we say of him: Pie was a 
 good man, a good citizen, a loyal friend, our great Vice- 
 President. 
 
Address oj Mr. Brosws, of Pennsylvania. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. BROSIUS, OF PENNSYLVANIA. 
 Mr. Speaker — 
 
 Sir Launcelot, there thou Lyest; thou were never matched by none 
 earthly knight's hands; thou were the truest friend to thy lover that ever 
 a horse; thou were the kindest man that ever struck with a sword.— 
 La Morted' Arthur. 
 
 The Arabs had a saying that death is a camel that kneels 
 at every man's door. This expresses how common an event 
 it is in the providential order, as common and familiar as 
 birth; yet of all natural events it produces the most profound 
 and lasting impression upon the mind. This is true even 
 when it comes to the humble and undistinguished; much 
 more so when it overtakes those eminent persons who have 
 achieved honor and distinction in the public service and 
 positions of great elevation in the public eye and in 
 general esteem. 
 
 The death of the gifted and great has always been and 
 will ever be a solemn, impressive, and imposing circum- 
 Its value in the way of example, admonition, and 
 instruction is in proportion to the elevation from which the 
 subject falls to his natural end. It comes to the surviving 
 like a faithful schoolmaster with the open book of a closed 
 life m\A assigns tin- lesson which we must study or lose its 
 teaching. The lame of the great and noble dead is among 
 the most enduring and valuable of our public possessions, 
 and the contemplation of their example and their virtues 
 exerts a salutary and ennobling influence upon the living. 
 
 It is one of the ver\ best of men—and there is no higher 
 praise — that we contemplate to-day. It is the universal 
 
92 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 estimation, the consensus of opinion among those who 
 knew him, that the late Vice-President, in the essential 
 elements of a well-organized being and the necessary excel- 
 lencies of a character of the very first rank, had few, if any, 
 superiors. The high success he achieved, the eminence he 
 attained, the perfect character he formed, were not due to 
 any adventitious aids. Neither birth nor rank nor fortune 
 smoothed his upward way to the elear-aired heights he 
 reached and kept. True, he had the good fortune to be 
 born in a country one of whose glories is that its social 
 formation is not in horizontal strata common in the Old 
 World, through which few ever pass from below upward, 
 but is mobile as the sea, where the lowest drop, winged 
 with merit, may rise and glitter on the highest wave that 
 mils. All else was due to principles, qualities, and forces 
 which summed up a strong, interesting, and attractive 
 personality. 
 
 If the limits of the occasion permitted, we could easih 
 name the traits which were chief agencies in the develop- 
 ment of his splendid manhood. Honor, sympathy, cour- 
 age, and duty were the precious and conspicuous jewels in 
 the crown of his superb character, and we may set them 
 apart to-day and lift them over his new-made grave as the 
 golden texts in the lesson of his life. 
 
 .Someone has said he had an unusual capacity for win- 
 ning affection. This was due to his deep human sympathy. 
 lie was not deficient in imagination and could place himself 
 in the position of others and realize their distresses and 
 their needs. His kindness to every human creature was 
 proverbial. He was happy in promoting the comfort of 
 those who served him. In his business career, which was a 
 
Address of Mr. Brosius, of Pennsylvania. 03 
 
 conspicuous success, his example if followed would cure 
 two maladies said to afflict our time — the envious hatred ot 
 him who suffers want and the selfish forgetfulness of him 
 who lives in affluence. This problem can he solved by 
 sympathy, love, and good will. 
 
 There is no sunshine like that of kindness to open tln.se 
 beautiful flowers, sympathy, love, hope, and trust, which 
 ought to bloom over the garden walls which separate the 
 rich and the poor. Mr. HoBART was thoroughly imbued 
 with that beautiful sentiment which holds the human 
 family in the bonds of unity and love, that we are children 
 of the same Father, traveling toward the same home, and 
 hoping to sit down at last at the same banquet, and there- 
 fore we should "love one another." 
 
 S'> many k"'1s. so main creeds, 
 
 mj ways so hard to find, 
 When all this wicked world needs 
 Is just the art of being kind. 
 
 < Mir distinguished friend lias been twin- enobled. Death 
 and di:t\ enoble all men. Devotion to duty was one of his 
 characteristic traits. Her command to him a "Thussaith 
 the Lord." lb- was unremitting in his attention to his 
 public engagements. His entire lif< exemplified the truth 
 that the path of duty is the upward way; that — 
 
 Not once or in ice in our fair Ian 
 
 The path of duty was | : 
 
 Our souls should bow before the temple that enshrines 
 
 the divinity of duty. These superb characters are the 
 
 fruit of earth, and their surviving countrymen may 
 
 well cherish the fine vintage of their example for their 
 
 tual refreshment. 
 
 The Vice-President, whom we monm, was stricken in 
 
94 Life and Character of Carre/ A. Hobart. 
 
 the midst of his usefulness from the highest public place 
 save one in the gift of the people, a position which, despite 
 its elevation, he honored more than it could honor him. 
 The character and relative eminence of the office of Vice- 
 President has been the subject of diverse comment for a 
 hundred years, many people regarding it as quite subordi- 
 nate in consequence and rank. The original constitutional 
 mode of selecting the President and Vice-President denoted 
 the estimation in which the framers of the Constitution 
 held the Vice-Presidential office, and yet some of them and 
 their contemporaries spoke slightingly of that office. John 
 Adams said: 
 
 My country has in its wisdom contrived for us the most insignificant 
 office that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination con- 
 ceived. 
 
 Thomas Jefferson said: 
 
 It is the only office in the world about which I am unable to decide 
 whether I had rather have it or not have it. 
 
 Whatever rank may have been assigned to it at different 
 periods of our history, it is the glory of its last incumbent 
 that he restored the Vice- Presidency to its true rank, 
 redeemed it from any obscurity into which it may have- 
 fallen, rescued it from the insignificance in which it came 
 tn be regarded by some, and established its title to the 
 dignity and elevation appropriate to the second office in the 
 gift of the American people. 
 
 It is thus seen what a beautiful and instructive career has 
 closed on earth. He did not live man's appointed time. 
 The mysterious clock to which Dr. Holmes so beautifully 
 refers, which the angel of life wound up to run three score 
 years and ten, ran down before the lapse of the allotted 
 
Address of Mr. Brosius, of Pennsylvania. 95 
 
 time. But the bounds which are fixed to the duration of 
 life do not always measure its worth. His career, though 
 cut off in the midst of its usefulness, has been a sweet and 
 wholesome example in right living, high thinking, and 
 unselfish service in private and public walks of life, and his 
 fragrant memory will ever remain an inspiration to those 
 ived him living and mourn him dead. 
 There is a tradition that among the Seneca Indians a 
 singularly beautiful belief prevailed that when a loved one 
 died, if they caught a singing bird and, binding it with 
 messages of low and affection, released it over the grave 
 ■ >f the departed, it would not fold its wings nor close its 
 e\es until it reached the spirit land and delivered the mes- 
 sages to the loved and lost. So may the friends who mourn 
 to-day bind with messages of love the birds that are singing 
 in their hearts songs of homage and affection, and, releas. 
 ing them at tin- grave of the departed, may enjoy tin 
 of believing that they will not fold their wings until they 
 reach the spirit land and deliver the messages to the loved 
 and lost. 
 
96 Life and Character of Garret .1. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. RICHARDSON, OF TENNESSEE. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: I did not have the good fortune to enjoy 
 a long and intimate acquaintance with the illustrious man 
 whose memory and deeds we honor here to-day. Death is 
 a theme not lightly to be mentioned by those who are 
 subject to its power; for the young may die, the old must 
 die, and the wisest of us know not how soon. In the prime 
 of years, in the full strength of manhood apparently, and 
 with short notice, Vice-President II< )BART was called hence. 
 As already stated, my acquaintance with him being limited, 
 I shall not attempt to speak at length in respect lo his 
 private character and inner life. I leave these remarks to be 
 made by those who knew him longer and more intimately. 
 We learn that he was born in New Jersey in 1844; that he 
 spent all the years of his busy life in that State; that in 
 early manhood he followed the profession of school-teacher, 
 and later became a lawyer. 
 
 The first public office he held was that of attorney for the 
 city of Paterson, where he resided, in 1871. That later he 
 was counsel of the board of freeholders of his county; that 
 he was several times chosen a member of the legislature of 
 his State, serving in both branches thereof, and filling the 
 jDresiding officer's chair in each body. ( )nce when his party 
 was in the minority in the legislature .he was voted for as 
 its nominee for the United States Senate. In 1896, at St. 
 Louis, he was nominated for Vice-President, and was dulv 
 
Address of Mr. Richardson^ of Tennessee. 97 
 
 elected in November of that year. The same month three 
 years later he died. 
 
 During the comparatively brief time I have had the 
 honor to occupy a seat in the House of Representatives I 
 have witnessed the death of two incumbents of the Vice- 
 President's chair. The first was that of the highly favored 
 son of Indiana, Hon. Thomas A. Hendricks. He died in 
 November, 1885. While Vice-President Hobart had not 
 figured or participated in the public affairs of the nation at 
 large so extensively as had Mr. Hendricks, yet in the nar- 
 rower field of his State politics he was idolized to the same 
 passionate extent. As there was nothing in the gift of 
 
 the people of Indiana too g 1 for Mr. Hendricks, so the 
 
 people of New Jersey felt that Mr. Hobart richly des< rved 
 their warmest affection and most exalted honors. 
 
 In my personal experience in public life I have met but 
 few men mure easily approached and more civil and courte- 
 ous in intercourse than was the late Vice-President. I 
 recall well the first time I met him, shortly after he entered 
 upon his duties as presiding officer of the Senate. The 
 circumstances of our meeting made it necessary foi me to 
 speak to him without the formality of an introduction. I 
 was immediately impressed with his mild manner, his dig- 
 nified .mil pleasing address and polite attention. Gifted as 
 he was in these respects, it is not singular or strange th.it 
 lie was personally popular and was held in such affectionate 
 regard by those who knew him best. 
 
 He was blessed with a large estate, which he had amassed 
 
 by an active lite ami successful business methods ami 
 
 management. He was enabled thereb) to entertain, and 
 
 lie dispensed liis hospitality iii an almost lavish manner. 
 
 S. Doc. L-; 7 
 
98 Life and ( Invader of Carrel A. Hobart. 
 
 This lie did not for the mere sake of entertaining, but 
 because of his generous and purely hospitable nature and 
 the disposition to give good cheer and contribute to the 
 comfort, happiness, and pleasure of those around him. He 
 was, nevertheless, a man of duty, and rarely failed of suc- 
 cess in any undertaking. This was because of his s^reat 
 energy, unflagging industry, good judgment, earnest con- 
 victions, and sound common sense. As the presiding officer 
 ot the United States Senate he was unusually successful 
 and popular. By mam' members of that body he was pro- 
 nounced a model presiding officer. 
 
 It can be truly said of him that in all the circumstances 
 and conditions of life in which he was placed he bore him- 
 self well, and did no act to provoke the unfriendly criti- 
 cisms of partisan opponents or to mortify a friend. I had 
 the honor to attend his funeral services at his home, and I 
 shall never forget the impressiveness of the scene there. It 
 seemed that every man, woman, and child in his home city 
 and, indeed, for miles around came to do him honor and pay 
 a tribute of respect to his memory. There was scarcely 
 standing room in Paterson that daw and all were moved 
 with pity and sorrow, the highest evidence of sincere and 
 genuine affection for their honored dead. Though ill for 
 main- mouths, we learn he bore his illness with fortitude 
 ami quiet resignation. He never lost his heart or became 
 impatient. He knew his end was approaching, but he con- 
 templated the fact with that sublime confidence which 
 belongs only to those who rely upon a past life marked by 
 purity of conduct, integrity of action, Christian piety, and 
 religious convictions. The Vice-President is dead, but his 
 example in public and in private life is left to us all as a 
 
Address of Mr. Richardson^ of Tennessee. 99 
 
 priceless heritage. As I close this brief tribute the poet's 
 description of how a man should live comes to my mind, 
 for I believe he so lived : 
 
 So live that when thy summons comes. 
 
 Thou canst take thy place with patriarchs, prophets, and the blest, 
 
 p from every land to people in hea' 
 And when that mighty caravan which halts one night time 
 In the vale of death shall strike its white tents for the morning inarch, 
 Thou shalt mount onward to the eternal hills, 
 
 nwearv and thy strength renewed. 
 Like the strong eagle for his upward flight. 
 
Life tun/ Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. PARKER, OF NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Garret A. Hobart was born June 3, 
 1844, and died November 21, 1899, at the age of 55 years. 
 During this comparatively short life he did well his part as 
 husband and lather, as counselor and friend to high and 
 low, at the bar, in the legislature of his native State, in the 
 conduct of great business enterprises, as a leader in politics, 
 and finally as President of the Senate and Vice-President. 
 
 His death brought tributes of love, grief, and honor from 
 a nation. The words of the great men in the Senate as to 
 their young President read as if they had lost a Xestor. 
 The speech of a Senator who hail been at the head of a 
 great railroad recalls that Mr. HOBART had been the arbi- 
 trator of traffic 1 iet ween the railroad systems of the whole 
 country. He says: 
 
 No judge ever held office by so precarious a tenure or had to decide more 
 important matters. Then- can lie no more significant tribute to his unfail- 
 ing judgment, tact, and character than the remarkable fact that there was 
 never an appeal from his decisions or complaint of their fairness or justice. 
 
 The Senator from Massachusetts tells us that in two short 
 years "he restored the Vice-Presidency to its proper posi- 
 tion, and lifted it up before the people to the dignity and 
 importance which it merits;" that he lifted it out of neglect 
 and misconception, and made himself part of the Admin- 
 istration as one of the President's friends, advisers, and 
 supporters. 
 
Address of Mr. Parke-, of New Jersey. 101 
 
 Other Senators say: 
 
 " His close attachment for the President was as rare as it was generous 
 
 and beautiful." 
 
 " The Vice-President loved justice. His sense of fairness made him the 
 friend of the people and the people his friend." 
 
 " He appeared not ti i be an ambitious man. but carried wisdom and justice 
 in his bosom, and friendship in his heart; love for his fellow-man and for 
 his country." 
 
 "As he loved us. so we love and revere his memory." 
 
 A close friend, who knew and loved him, lias said that 
 it was a peculiarity of Mr. Hoeart that he never made a 
 mistake ; that he seemed to know intuitively wdiat to do, 
 and when lie once made a friend he never made the mistake 
 i if losing that friend. 
 
 ( rovei noi Roosevelt says : 
 
 With great titular rank he was not supposed to nave any active share in 
 formulating the policy of the Government and helping carry it through. 
 What he did was done, not by force of position, but bj force of character, 
 his rare tact, his , xtraordinarj common sense, .and the impression of sin- 
 cerity he created upon every man with whom he was brought in contact 
 
 These and like sentiments, said here and elsewhere, are 
 noi common utterances, nor made by ordinary men. They 
 speak the love and admiration which our friend's character 
 inspired in all who knew him, and tell us the fact that he 
 was not one of a class of great men, but that his work and 
 character were unique. His was a rare union of qualities not 
 ordinarily found in one- man. He was active, but calm; 
 earnest and judicious; wise, simple, and modest; witty, but 
 never in derision; kind and gentle, yet courageous; a parti- 
 san, but absolutely fair; a skillful politician, yet entirely true; 
 
 severely honest, but never puritanical; sweet as a g I 
 
 woman and strong as a true man and loved with the affec- 
 tion that we give to each. 
 
 One cannot paint the rainbow, nor will words depict the 
 
102 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 blending qualities which make up an arched and rounded 
 character and which shade into each other so imperceptibly 
 that even in looking at the man it can not be seen where 
 one ends and the other begins. His sun is set and the 
 rainbow is gone forever. We cannot portray it to those 
 who have not seen it, but we remember its presence as a 
 joyfnl memory, bringing the world nearer to the sky. He 
 was perhaps most remarkable in that he was always at his 
 best, never failing in instinctive and instant perception as to 
 what should be said or done and what should be left unsaid 
 or not done. His business energy was wonderful. His 
 letters were always answered and his table clear, and his 
 friends wondered when it was accomplished. He always 
 had the time to see a friend, even when the stress of nations 
 brought perplexity to the wisest. 
 
 Those who were with him at St. Louis know how calm 
 he was before his nomination. He had felt the pulse of the 
 political situation so distinctly that he calmly expected his 
 nomination, and said so. Yet when it came he was for a 
 while as if overwhelmed. He realized instantly the change 
 in his life, the greatness of his new duties and of the place 
 that he had to fill, the stand which must be taken, and the 
 responsibility that was upon him. He shrank from public 
 welcomes and retired to the counsels of his own heart. 
 And when he spoke a single sentence of his brief letter of 
 acceptance rang through the country like a trumpet as he 
 manfully proclaimed his belief that a dollar could not be 
 made of "fifty-three cents' worth of silver plus a legisla- 
 tive fiat." 
 
 Such a sentence tells of his character more than any de- 
 scription. His simplicity of thought, his "veracity of mind" 
 
Address of Mr. Parker, 0/ New Jersey. 103 
 
 (as the Senator from Massachusetts terms it), his lightning 
 and enlightening perception of facts, his simple statement 
 of the issue, his power to put volumes of financial argument 
 into a phrase, and, above all, his political truth and cour- 
 age — all these appear written in that sentence as if in the 
 handwriting on the wall. Those who then lived with him 
 know what resolution it took to put and keep that sentence 
 in his letter, how main of the wisest wished to disguise the 
 issue, and what influences he had to meet and conquer, in 
 it is seen, too, his political insight, then, as always, instinc- 
 tive and unerring. From that moment the nation knew him 
 as a leader. 
 
 He was horn to he such, tor he always dealt with realities 
 and with great issues, and not with little one-. II. 
 what had to he done. lie decided instantly, when others 
 
 reasoned or doubted, and was never en tan- lei 1 with word- or 
 phrases. 
 
 kike all great leaders, he also knew men, and loved them 
 as nun, and recognized the best that was in them. He was 
 informed not only by wide experience, hut by a universal 
 sympathy with other-, that enabled him to know tin 
 and heart of the nation. 
 
 'fin- offii 1 sident, cat rying with it in 
 
 duty except to preside in the Senate, and no power except 
 that of the casting vote in case of , ( tie, gave to him 
 tunity to bring all branches of the Government closer to- 
 gether. In the century of national life the Senate has 
 grown from 26 to 90 and the House from <>s t<> over 350, 
 while the details and departments of the work of the Execu- 
 tive and of tin- court- have grown until this great Govern- 
 ment, in its various branches, is lunik 
 
104 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 the offspring of the simple assemblage of gentlemen who 
 first met under the Constitution. 
 
 Naturally these branches have grown apart. It was Mr. 
 HOBART's work to bring each nearer to the other and to the 
 nation. By his loving friendship with the President, by 
 the relations which he maintained with men of all parties 
 in the Senate, by his close affiliation with the House and 
 with the leaders of national politics, he was enabled to bring 
 each in touch with the other. All consulted him and wished 
 to know his opinion. All trusted him. Senate and House, 
 the Executive, the Army and Navy, the judges and the 
 diplomats, were drawn closer together and felt how much 
 he made for mutual confidence and peace. 
 
 If dispute threatened a deadlock, his advice was sought 
 by men of the most various opinions. His decisions were 
 accepted because he was known to be always true and fair. 
 "He had a perfect genius for friendship." His influence 
 in the Senate was almost unbounded, and yet he never 
 infringed the privileges of that body. His advice was all 
 the more powerful because it was always sought and never 
 obtruded. It will never be known how much the leaders 
 relied upon him in the crises that preceded the appeal to 
 arms or how much they recognized his conservatism, cour- 
 age, and Americanism. 
 
 Blessed are the peacemakers. But it takes rare wisdom 
 to be a peacemaker — rare tact and disinterestedness. 
 
 When he fell ill, a shock came to us all, a sense of national 
 calamity. His life had crept into that of the nation! We 
 felt how much we might have to miss him in the reconstruc- 
 tion that follows after war; how much he could do, and how 
 much he could prevent. The nation watched at his bed- 
 side, and finally wept by his grave. 
 
Address of Mr. Parker, of New Jersey. 105 
 
 The President himself has written his touching epitaph: 
 
 In him the nation has lost one of its most illustrious citizens and one of its 
 most faithful servants. His participation in the business life and the law- 
 making body of his native State was marked by unswerving fidelity and 
 by a high order of talents and attainments, and his too brief career as Vice- 
 President of the United States and President of the Senate exhibited the 
 loftiest qualities of upright and sagacious statesmanship. In the world of 
 affairs lie had few equal-, among his contemporaries. His private character 
 was gentle and noble. He will long he mourned by his friends as a man 
 of singular purity and attractiveness, whose sweetness of disposition won 
 all hearts, while his elevated purposes, his unbending integrity, and whole- 
 hearted devotion to the public good deserved and acquired universal 
 respect and esteem. 
 
 As an American and from his own State. "I will instruct 
 my sorrows to be proud." He is one who served his country 
 faithfully. He died for that country as truly as any soldier 
 in battle, welcoming the work thai killed and meeting 
 death without fear as a patriot, statesman, and Christian 
 gentleman, the Nation's servant and the People's friend, 
 leaving a memory that is unstained and that best of monu- 
 ments, the universal affection of the People for whom he 
 worked. 
 
io6 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. D0LL1VER, OF IOWA. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: It is not certain that the death of any man 
 ought to be spoken of as untimely, because the world in 
 which we live is without meaning or significance of any 
 noble kind if we forget that our times are in the Hand which 
 is upon all things. Yet the death of such a man as Garret 
 A. HOBART seems to the feeble insight which is granted to 
 us amid the perplexities and mysteries of human affairs like 
 the squandering of an estate or the loss of a priceless treasure. 
 
 He died in the midst of his labors and his honors, at the 
 very moment of his largest usefulness in the world. The 
 career of such a man is not an accident, it illustrates not 
 only the opportunities of American life, but the benevolent 
 working of the laws under which the progress of society is 
 made sure. There is a doctrine grown to influence in these 
 days which impeaches the whole framework of society, 
 because it imposes upon all a struggle for existence in which 
 onlv the fit survive. In order to put an end to such a 
 tragedv, the world is filled with dreams of impossible con- 
 ditions, in which all shall share alike in the rewards of life. 
 According to the teachings of this school of thought, all 
 who win success under the present condition of things are 
 reckoned enemies of those who fail ; and there are men who, 
 in their eagerness to do away with the battlefields of life, 
 are ready to set mankind on a dead level, in which there 
 shall be neither failure nor success, but a perfect calm, in 
 which all may enjoy the luxury of a common repose. 
 
 It is a sign of unhealthy times when the social and polit- 
 
Address oj Mr. Dolliver, of Iowa. 107 
 
 ical philosophy of a race like ours becomes infected with 
 these morbid opinions, for they not only pull down the 
 fabric of society which has been slowly builded through the 
 ages, but make any worthy and progressive human institu- 
 tion impracticable. 
 
 A Senator of the United States, famous in the world of 
 business and politics, in paying tribute to Mr. HOBART'S 
 memory, found an illustration of the probity of his character 
 in the success of his work as arbitrator of the Joint Traffic 
 Association. The orator said that every one of the thirty- 
 seven railway managers concerned had come up from the 
 ranks and had won his way by his own ability. And no 
 one could listen to his words without perceiving in them 
 not only a tribute to Garret A. Hobart, but a justifica- 
 tion of the law of labor, under which the victories of life 
 belong to those who win them. 
 
 While the world is larger than it was when GARRET A. 
 Hobart was born, the fear is just as groundless as it was 
 then that the sons of the rich are to drive the sons of the 
 poor out of the race of life. The poor boy is the only boy 
 that has am chance in the world or ever did have. This 
 world will always be governed l>v the intellectual and 
 moral strength then- is in it, and neither the one nor the 
 other will ever be possible except under the discipline of 
 hardship and necessity. The hope of mankind to-daj lies 
 not in the palaces of luxun and wealth, but in the 1 1 
 of the people, about humble family altars, in obscure places 
 where the storms of all skies beat and where the rugged 
 fiber of manhood is made, which is a victor over circum- 
 stances, a master of opportunities, a crowned athlete in the 
 games of fortune and achievement. 
 
10S Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 The ancestors of Mr. Hobart were pioneers in the woods 
 of New Hampshire, so far as the favor of nature is con- 
 cerned probably the most backward of that marvelous group 
 of communities called New England, which not only nur- 
 tured the intellectual life of America, but has sent forth 
 her children to lay the foundations of new commonwealths 
 and bequeathed to them the imperishable riches of the old 
 homestead. 
 
 It may be counted fortunate for Mr. Hobart that he did 
 not enter upon the responsibilities of life without an ade- 
 quate preparation. It may be true, as Thomas Carlyle has 
 said, that "your true university is the collection of books," 
 and that men may obtain knowledge without the advan- 
 tages of other education, but the number of self-educated 
 men who have reached great eminence, without the patient 
 training of the schools, is not sufficiently large to mislead 
 the vouth of our day. The estimate which General Garfield 
 once gave of the influence of the small colleges of the coun- 
 trv compared with the great seats of learning is justified 
 by a thousand illustrations, and by none more completely 
 than by the case of the late Vice-President. At Rutgers 
 College, a struggling institution within easy reach of his 
 home, in an atmosphere free from every contagion, sur- 
 rounded by teachers who entered into the personal life of 
 the student and kindled within him that love of learning 
 which cannot be communicated without the touch of sym- 
 pathy, he found the exact environment adapted to his case. 
 
 The fabulous endowments now steadily flowing to the 
 centers of American culture, new and old, are not to be 
 despised, but the youth of America ought to be warned 
 against the temptation, never absent in the circumstances 
 
Address of Mr. Dolliver, of Iowa. 109 
 
 of ease and extravagance, of degrading the ideals of learn- 
 ing by the parade of material things; and the universities 
 boasting themselves of size without age need to be often 
 reminded of the blasphemy of the impostor in the Acts of 
 the Apostles, who thought to buy the gift of God with 
 money. 
 
 It is not to be supposed that Mr. Hobart, graduating at 
 the age of 19, founded his success in life upon what he- 
 learned at college, or even upon what he acquired as a 
 school-teacher and student of law. Vet, it would be hard 
 to overstate the advantages which a young man derives from 
 tin- training of a college course and the arduous self-disci- 
 pline of a school-teacher. A good teacher gives much to a 
 School, hut the school gives to the teacher even more; so 
 
 that it is not strange that so many men and women have 
 .mui, from the patient labor of the district schoolroom into 
 the larger service of their day and generation. Mr. H< iBART 
 was in some sense a pioneer of the new professional life 
 which in the larger American cities has abolished the old- 
 fashioned attorney and made the new counselor at law a 
 part of the industrial and commercial activity of tin- com- 
 munity. While he had the faculty of plain and 
 Speech, he was at no time in his career noted as an advo- 
 cate, nor did he ever pose as a jurist weighed down with 
 tin obsolete lore of the profession. 
 
 He had the genius of success. As a student he copied 
 papers and records in the law office which he afterwards 
 owned, and for twenty years he was president of the hank 
 in which he began as a clerk, during the trying period in 
 which he was getting a foothold in the world. He was a 
 man of affairs, who understood law as applied to modern 
 
no Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 business with perfect accuracy, and whose opinion on prac- 
 tical questions involved in large enterprises soon came to 
 be counted everywhere as sound. 
 
 It has been observed by the older judges that the legal 
 profession as it was known to our fathers has been notice- 
 ably influenced to the revolutions of a modern business 
 world. The orator who once captivated juries by his per- 
 suasive eloquence is hardly more than a tradition, while 
 the leader of the bar who once overawed the courts by the 
 weight of his personal authority no longer finds an appre- 
 ciative audience outside of the rural circuit. In their 
 places have come experts in the various fields of business 
 enterprise, shrewd and limited men who have taken the 
 pains to know more about a few things than their predeces- 
 sors ever had time to find out about everything. In such a 
 professional atmosphere the common man is lost, and sinks 
 to a cipher, without vital relation to the world at large of 
 any sort, while the profession itself runs the risk of becom- 
 ing a mere case-grinding drudgery in which the larger fac- 
 ulties of the mind perish altogether. 
 
 Mr. Hobart lived through the perils which beset the 
 corporation lawyer of our times, rising year by year into a 
 broader intellectual horizon ; and when the American peo- 
 ple called him to the second office in their gift he was able 
 to lock up his law office at Patersou, close the business 
 engagements of a lifetime, and become the trusted coun- 
 selor of all with whom he was associated in the Govern- 
 ment of the United States. By his singular foresight he 
 became a man of wealth, yet in his whole career no man 
 ever suspected his integrity or disparaged his prosperity. 
 He had the respect of poor and rich alike, and in the city 
 
Address of Mr. Dollivi t in 
 
 where he lived his name inspired the confidence and affec- 
 tion of all. He gained his wealth in a manly, honest way, 
 and used it while he lived to help and bless the world. 
 Few men have ever exhibited a more symmetrical life than 
 his. 
 
 'flu- thing that struck me most forcibly about him when 
 I first knew him nearly twenty years ago was the fact that 
 though his time was pressed upon by a varietv of engage- 
 ments so innumerable as to encumber and bewilder any 
 hut an extraordinary man. yet in the midst of all the cares 
 of business he had time for politics, local and national; 
 time for his church, time for his friends, and time 
 fireside, from which he drew the gentlest inspirations of 
 his laborious life. 
 
 M\ acquaintance with Mr. Hobart began in tin slim- 
 mer of i s,s p. when, as an inexperienced campaign speaker, 
 much of him at the national headquarters of the 
 committee which managed Mr. Blaine's Presidential can- 
 vass. He was one of the extraordinary group of young 
 men who were drawn about the person of Mr. Blaine by 
 those remarkable qualities which made him so long the 
 leader of his party, and I speak here to-day on this mourn- 
 ful occasion because in those years I found in Mi. Hobart 
 a friend whose counsel was always unselfish and whose 
 hand was ever ready in acts of kindness and good will. In 
 three ['residential campaigns I knew him as a political 
 manager charged with the success of the part) to which 
 he was devoted. I saw him da) and night in the v. 
 the campaign, and while I have seen the storm oi 
 and detraction gather about the heads of those who were 
 .led with him in his party service, the fact that 
 
ii2 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 Garret A. Hobart shared in every responsibility of his 
 associates lias always enabled me to feel that the working 
 field of American politics, instead of being a corrupt and 
 corrupting thing, is a high arena in which men of char- 
 acter may serve their countrymen without dishonor or 
 reproach. 
 
 Surprise has been expressed by some that this plain man, 
 whose name was comparatively obscure until his partv 
 selected him as its candidate for the Vice- Presidency, should 
 have been able to so exalt that office as to bring back the 
 prestige which it bore in the earlier days of the Republic. 
 To those who knew Mr. HOBART well there is nothingstrange 
 in the fact that his brief service in the chair of the Senate 
 dignified that public station with a new and high distinction. 
 Few men knew more about American politics or had studied 
 the public service of the United States to a better purpose 
 than he. From the day he opened his law office in Paterson 
 he was profoundly interested, both in theory and in practice, 
 in the politics of his town, his county, his State, and his 
 country. 
 
 Mr. HOBART was a great Vice-President; first because he 
 became easily the master of the duties of that office ; and 
 then, so large and generous was the man himself that he 
 brought to the office a personality which attracted at once 
 the consideration of the whole Senate and the whole country. 
 No man ever met him without receiving from him a word 
 of helpfulness and good cheer, and no man ever entered his 
 door without breathing at once the air of a perfect hospital- 
 ity. His judgment was unerring upon questions involving 
 public or party policy, and the man himself was too great 
 to spend a minute of his time in spiteful disparagement of 
 other men. 
 
Address of Mr. Dolliver, of Iowa. n^ 
 
 It has been observed at least worthy of note that the late 
 Vice-President, while he lived, was an adviser and intimate 
 friend of the President, helping him to bear his burdens 
 and giving him with an unselfish motive continual help 
 and guidance in the midst of difficult affairs. It has been 
 said that no such relation between the two offices was ever 
 known before, and that with no exception our American 
 Vice-Presidents, though many of them were strong and 
 famous, have spent their time in undermining the influence 
 of the President or in stupid lamentations over their own 
 neglected and unimportant lot. 
 
 If Mr. HOBART was loyal to the President it was not, 
 as some have thought, because he was conscious of any 
 disqualification in himself that would make his own aspira- 
 tions to the Presidency out of place. It was rather because, 
 knowing by experience more probably than anybody else 
 about the nomination of Presidents and the election of 
 them, he had acquired the wisdom to know that men are 
 not lifted up in the estimation of the world by spending 
 their time in trying to drag others down; and that the 
 forces which make Presidents of the United States out .if men 
 operate on too large a scale to be seriously affected by the 
 gossip of the dinner table or the whisper of the cloakroom. 
 Therefore, with a sane mind, grateful to his countrymen 
 for the honor they had given him, he set himself to deliver 
 the office of Vice-President from the cheap and petulant 
 influences that have always beset it. How well he suc- 
 eeeded all men know, and it is not too much to say that 
 had he lived he would have drawn to himself such a 
 measure of popular enthusiasm that his countrymen would 
 have invited him to step from the second chariot into the 
 S. Doc. |s.» s 
 
114 Life a '"1 Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 first. Already his name was spoken with honor in even- 
 section of the country. On the day he died, in traveling 
 over the prairies west of the Missouri, I saw upon every 
 schoolhouse the flag at half-mast, and at every railway 
 station groups of people talking in subdued voices of the 
 death of Vice-President Hobart ; and wherever the flag 
 of the United States is known, even in the ends of the 
 earth, it became the sign of the universal affliction of his 
 countrymen. We come here to-day to add our tribute to 
 his memory. We cannot hope by what we say in the 
 least to repair the loss which the nation has sustained in 
 his death. We may not even presume with our faltering 
 words of eulogy to console the broken hearts which have so 
 recently followed him to the grave ; we can only commend 
 them to God and the Word of His «race. 
 
Address of Mr. Daly, of New Jersey. 115 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR I NEW JERSEY 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Garret Augustus Hobart, Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the United States, died at half past S o'clock on the 
 morning of Tuesday, November 21, 1899, at his home in 
 the city of Paterson, X. J. His death was not unexpected, 
 for Mr. Hobart had made a strong battle for life before 
 the summons came. All that medical science and the 
 encouragement of friends could do was exerted in his 
 behalf, but he had to succumb finally to the hand of death. 
 Few men in the history of this country have grown into 
 such -real prominence as Mr. Hobart from the time he 
 became Vice-President of the United State- until the day 
 of his death. I: was an unusual spectacle to behold, con- 
 I with the past, a Vice-President of these United 
 State- who W as close in touch with the molding of the 
 polio of his party being accorded that consideration in 
 the councils of the nation which has seldom been accorded 
 t<> one occupying the position he did. It cannot be said 
 that thi- recognition grew out of an} prominence 
 attained in public life or from any great attainment- that 
 he was himself master of; not 1 
 
 any transcendent position he occupied in his 
 ion; hut it can be truthfullj asserted that it was due 
 trong personal character that admitted of hi- grasp- 
 ing situations with celerity and a power of discrimination 
 in his judgment of men and measures which conic to those 
 who by perseverance and aggressiveness have been able to 
 surmount obsl 'now down barrier- in order to 
 
 flit. 
 
n6 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 Born in comparative obscurity, he possessed to a remark- 
 able degree the energy and determination which have 
 proved the mainspring of success in the lives of all suc- 
 cessful men. 
 
 He was born in historic Monmouth County, in the month 
 of June, 1844. Monmouth, whose fields were consecrated 
 to American liberty by the blood of patriots at old Mon- 
 mouth Court-House, nigh unto the very soil that was trod- 
 den bv such heroes as Washington, Wayne, Lafayette, Knox, 
 Green, Steuben, and a host of others; near where Washing- 
 ton and Lafayette, wrapped in a single cloak, lay down to 
 rest the night before the battle of Monmouth Court-House, 
 ami near where the brave Mollie Pitcher became famous and 
 went down into history as the "woman cannoneer of Mon- 
 mouth." With these environments it is little to be won- 
 dered at that the late Vice-President, no doubt inspired by 
 his patriotic surroundings, was urged onward to achieve 
 glorv in civil life, which finally ended in his becoming 
 the .second citizen of this great Republic. 
 
 Like the majority of the great men of this nation, his 
 early education was obtained in our country's greatest insti- 
 tution — its common schools. He finished his education at 
 old Rutgers College, graduating in the year 1863, and, as I 
 understand it, soon entered upon the duties of a school- 
 master, finally taking up the study of law and entering the 
 ranks of that profession, no doubt, when he started out, 
 intending to reach a position that might place him with 
 some of the great legal lights that have made New Jersey 
 famous. 
 
 He was not long destined to remain in the ranks of the 
 struggling attorney. This was not due to lack of educa- 
 
Address of Mr. Daly, of New fersey. 117 
 
 tion or legal attainments, but to the tact that he found 
 other pursuits more congenial, and he directed his attention 
 to some of the great industrial interests of New Jersey. 
 His legal ability must have been of a superior order, for 
 we find that early in his professional career — 187 1 — he 
 became counsel to the manufacturing city of Paterson, 
 and a vear later counsel to the board of chosen freeholders 
 of the county of Passaic. The appointment to these 
 positions indicate that young HOBART was possessed 
 of superior legal ability, for in the exercise of his duties 
 he was compelled to pass upon grave constitutional and 
 municipal questions, and no one could occupy either 
 u unless a sure and safe legal education had been 
 acquired. 
 
 About this time— 1872— he entered the field of politics 
 by being elected a member of the house of assembly for the 
 cit) of Paterson. He was reelected iii 1873, an< ' '" t '" 
 [874 his rank was such in his party that they honored him 
 with the position of speaker. He entered the senate of the 
 State in [876 and served in that body six years, twice occu- 
 pying the distinguished position of president of the senate. 
 During all this time he kept growing in the confidi 
 the people, and his ability was such that he ranked as one 
 of the leaders of the Republican party in the .State, and 
 during this period, either in the house of assembly or in the 
 , he was associated with and had foi his colleagues 
 some of \ew Jersey's most eminent citizens. 
 
 At one time or another there sat with him the dis- 
 tinguished ami learned Chancellor McGill; Chief Justice 
 Magie, of the supreme court of the State; ex-Governor 
 George C. Ludlow; the senior Senator from New Jersey, 
 
nS Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 William J. Sewell, and my colleague, Mr. Gardner, of the 
 First Congressional district of the State. Some of these 
 that I have named were then but young men; some of 
 them had not reached middle life, but they have since 
 arisen preeminent in my State and in the nation, and do 
 von wonder that with these surroundings the lamented 
 Vice-President paved the way to ascend the ladder of fame? 
 His verv contact with these men must have further excited 
 his ambition as they moved along side by side in life's 
 struggle. 
 
 After he left the senate of New Jersey the bent of his 
 energies was directed in the channel of business enterprise, 
 and I am informed that at the time of his death he was 
 interested to the extent of being director in more than 
 sixty companies, banking and business interests. He be- 
 came general manager of the East Jersey Water Company, 
 and was president of the Passaic Water Company, the 
 Paterson Railroad Company, and the People's Gas Com- 
 pany. He was director in the First National and other 
 banks of Paterson and elsewhere; was director of the Xew 
 York, Susquehanna and Western Railroad, the Lehigh and 
 Hudson River Railroad, Barbour Brothers Company, Bar- 
 bour Flax Spinning Company, the Edison Electric Illumi- 
 nating Company, and many other large institutions. His 
 connection with these great concerns demonstrated his 
 great financial and business ability, for from struggling 
 corporations he built some of them up, by his persever- 
 ance and the exercise of wisdom and discretion, to be the 
 greatest industries of our State, and through his connec- 
 tion with these institutions he laid the foundation for the 
 building up of the great fortune he left behind. 
 
of New ft rsey. no. 
 
 With all these interests absorbing his time and energies, 
 you would imagine he would lose sight of the people; that 
 he would lose sight of the governmental interests and poli- 
 cies of State and nation; but nevertheless, he kept in close 
 touch with his party and his party's leaders and the coun- 
 try. Ever genial, ever kind, possessed of a strong magnet- 
 ism, his party and people sought his advice and counsel, 
 and he maintained that hold upon them that even while 
 occupied with business interests he guided the policv of his 
 party in his State and guided its policy in the nation. The 
 power that he possessed in the great interests of h 
 would have made some men arrogant, overbearing, and sel- 
 fish; hut never once have I known it to lie said of him that 
 his political or his business preferment ever made him lose 
 sight of the fact that he was plain Garret A. Hoi 
 He possessed all tin- attributes of a leader. He w 
 
 ory, vet brave; extremeh partisan, but generous to a 
 political opponent. His presiding over the Senate and his 
 ever-courteous bearing toward all parties demonstrated his 
 strength of character, for public history has recorded the 
 fact that the stronger the partisan and the greatei the leader 
 the less arbitrary his conduct when called upon to exercise 
 on iii trying situations. 1 >f course there are excep- 
 tions to this rule, but in the main this principle will apply. 
 I knew Air. HOBART well. As a member of the senate 
 of the State of New Jersej 1 frequently came in contact 
 with him at the statehouse and had many opportunities to 
 judge of his character. I do not wonder that when he came 
 to Washington he made the same impression upon those 
 he came in contact with that he did in his own State. 
 Those who knew him well loved him ; those who knew him 
 not so well admired him. 
 
120 Life and Character of Carrel A. Hobart. 
 
 The tribute paid Mr. Hobart by his colleagues in the 
 Senate speaks eloquently and forcibly of his fairness in 
 presiding over the deliberations of that body. Grave public 
 questions were involved during his occupancy of the chair 
 as presiding officer and it has yet to be said that he ever 
 exercised any arbitrary power or discriminated in favor of 
 one or the other, but treated all alike. 
 
 I have never heard Air. Hobart criticised save for being 
 a partisan; but, Mr. Speaker, to my mind that was a trib- 
 ute, for when a man enters public life he does it through 
 the channels of some political party to which he has become 
 devoted, and if, forsooth, his party err on some given 
 proposition, yet for the good his party has done he remains 
 true, relying upon the conservative element to correct the 
 error when the proper time comes, and not rise and strike it 
 down that upon its ruins might be erected and perpetuated 
 another. Such a partisan was Mr. Hobart, and such politi- 
 cal characters live in the hearts of men when party destroyers 
 have passed into oblivion. 
 
 Mr. Hobart's strict attention to public business, his 
 attention to his private interests, and that genial disposition 
 of his nature which led him to attend to the calls that 
 society made upon him soon undermined the vigorous con- 
 stitution of which he was possessed, so that on the 4th of 
 March, 1899, he, with the President and Senator Hanna, 
 took themselves to the quiet retreat of Thomasville, Ga., 
 there to recuperate and build up his physical and nervous 
 condition. It was there that he was first taken seriously 
 ill, and he soon returned to Washington. As his sickness 
 progressed he longed for his home by the sea at Long 
 Branch, to be near the scenes of his earliest childhood in 
 
Address of Mr. Daly, of New Jersey. 121 
 
 the county of his nativity, hoping that the ocean's breezes 
 
 might benefit him and the dreary monotony be relieved by 
 
 gazing upon the scenes of pleasure of that locality. But 
 
 relief came not, and I have no doubt as he looked on the 
 
 waves breaking their force upon the shores and calmly 
 
 receding the thought of the poet was suggested: 
 
 ive, joy to thee; 
 Now thy flight and toil are over; 
 ( »h, may my departure be 
 
 Calm as thine, thou ocean rover. 
 
 When this sad soul's last joy on earth 
 
 ( in the shore of time is driven, 
 Be its lot like thine on earth, 
 
 To be losl away in heaven. 
 
 He practically spent the entire summer at Long Branch, 
 save for a short trip to Lake Champlain, where he went to 
 join the President. In the early fall he returned to his 
 home in Paterson, and there lingered, battling with disease, 
 until the date I have mentioned, when he departed this life. 
 
 No tribute that tongue can pay can be as grand as the 
 tribute paid by the people of his adopted city .is he lay in 
 death in Carroll Hall. Public business was suspended, 
 great manufacturing interests closed that thousands in that 
 busy city might join in the manifestations of sorrow that 
 pervaded our entire country. What a scene was that, Mr. 
 Speaker, when the rich and the poor and the great men of 
 our nation were bending their heads in .sorrow in the streets 
 of that city, all alike feeling the loss of a -real public 
 servant and benefactor. The personality of the man was 
 alike to all; the same stuiin smile was for the rich as the 
 poor, and the same cordial greeting was bestowed upon 
 everyone he came in contact with. His generous liberality 
 was appreciated by everyone. 
 
122 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 I wish that I had the eloquence to pay that tribute his 
 memory deserves. I!\ those who knew him he will be 
 fondly spoken of until the last survivor has passed away, 
 and when history shall write him, he shall live as one who 
 loved his country, who loved its institutions and its people. 
 I cannot better summarize than to say he lived a true life, 
 and in the language of the great philanthropist, Horace 
 Greeley, who said: "Whoever seeks to know if his career 
 has been prosperous and brightening from its outset to its 
 close should ask not for broad acres or towering edifices or 
 laden coffers; ask rather, Did he live a true life?" 
 
 Garret Hobart lived a true life, and as he lived a true 
 life, so much greater shall be his reward in the hereafter. 
 In a quiet spot in Cedar Lawn Cemetery reposes all that of 
 him was mortal, there to rest until called forth on the 
 resurrection morning to enjoy eternal happiness in the 
 presence of his Redeemer. 
 
Address of Mr. Fowler^ of New Jerse 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. FOWLER, OF NEW JERSEY. 
 Mr. Speaker: < tARRET A. H( ibart still lives, both yonder 
 ami here. His soul nourished the hope of immortality, and 
 his life here was so consonant with that hope that his life 
 there will be but an exalted, beautified, and glorified reali- 
 zation of his ideals. 
 
 He was a typical man; typical because he illustrated in 
 an almost matchless degree the best of our civilization. 
 During all the ages, in art and architecture, in poetry and 
 philosophy, those only have left permanent influem 
 the welfare of the human race and have moved the stand- 
 ard- of right living onward and upward who typified those 
 ideals that will forever mark their times. GARRET A. 
 Hobart was the highest type of the American citizen of 
 his day. 
 
 In this eager age of wealth gathering, over against the 
 hot haste, in bold relief, stands every virtue: and he who in 
 tin- midst of the mad rush illustrates those virtues truly 
 typifies all that is best of his time. Von will search in vain 
 the long list of noble lives ending with the centui 
 life that more completely and beautifulh exemplifies and 
 symbolizes the essential virtues of our civilization than that 
 
 of II( IBART. 
 
 bom upon a farm, he started life at the lowest round of 
 the ladder of human endeavor, but never missed 
 in its ascent, as the farm boy, the district-school lad, the 
 college student, the teacher, the lawyer, tin- State repre- 
 sentative, the man of stupendous business affairs, the ideal 
 Vice-President of the United States. 
 
124 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 Is honesty for its own sake one of the essentials of Ameri- 
 can manhood? Garret A. Hobart stood for all that that 
 word can suggest; he could not even think dishonestly. 
 He was a stranger to indirection. His plans were great, 
 but as open as the sunlight. His honor was the "finest 
 sense of justice the human mind can frame." He was too 
 broad and generous to cavil over technicalities; with him 
 implication was as binding as his bond. Intent, not forms 
 of words, determined his action. 
 
 Are the boundless burdens of our highly organized society 
 to be voluntarily assumed by every true friend of mankind ? 
 This was his belief, for he gave his great heart of sympathy 
 and generous hand to every good work. 
 
 If the influence of loyalty to principle and fidelity to 
 duty be sought in its highest development, we need seek 
 no other illustration than his lift. 
 
 No man had a profounder and sweeter sympathy or 
 enjoyed more the fragrance of a friend's heart. His was a 
 friendship which, once pledged, never swerved; weighed 
 well before it trusted, but did not weigh before it served. 
 
 A'ery recently a lifelong companion remarked that if 
 Hobart happened by any chance to learn that a friend 
 wanted something, he would straightway try to obtain it 
 for him. When the shadows of life were thickening, and 
 he knew well that the sun would shine through them no 
 more, he expressed an earnest wish that he might do a 
 kindness for one, who, he said, had been true to him. 
 
 His was a truly noble life; simple, yet exalted. He made 
 his character by being what he desired to seem. 
 
 What essential quality or virtue did he not possess? He 
 was instinctively intelligent and profoundly just. He pos- 
 
Address of Mr. Fowler, of New Jersey. 125 
 
 sessed great talents, and his tact was boundless. His judg- 
 ment was almost unerring and his generosity limitless. His 
 patriotism was calm and unswerving. He was the very 
 soul of honor. He harbored no bitter hatreds; he nursed 
 no relentless animosities. His friendship was a devotion. 
 His character was as pure and spotless as a star. 
 
 His was a life of sunshine, and it cast no shadows. What 
 circumstance, what incident, what event, what endeavor, 
 what achievement, what private obligation, what public 
 duty, what institution, what personal relationship, what 
 human life was not more fortunate because the soul of 
 GARRET A. HOBART had touched it' J And so he still 
 speaks in ten thousand sweet influences that can know no 
 ending; and the world will forever be the better because he 
 once lived in it. 
 
 \\\^ name, reaching 'town tin- age "t time, 
 
 Will still through the age of eternity shine 
 
 Like a star, sailing on through tin- depths of the blue, 
 
 011 whose brightness we gaze every evening anew. 
 
126 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. GLYNN, OF NEW YORK. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: In behalf of a number of my fellow- 
 Democratic Congressmen from New York State, I lay a 
 laurel wreath at the door of the tomb of Garret A. 
 Hobart. My words but echo their thoughts; their 
 thoughts but reflect the feelings of their hearts; their heart- 
 feelings but mirror forth the opinions and beliefs of the 
 American people. Mine was not the pleasure of a per- 
 sonal accpiaiutance with the distinguished statesman whose 
 memory we revere to-day. Had it been, I would feel myself 
 better qualified to speak the eulogy which I am about to 
 utter, but public men live in their works as authors live in 
 their books and as artists abide in their pictures — there to 
 be the subject forever of discussion at the pens of writers, 
 the tongues of speakers, and the minds of critics. No one 
 living to-day had a personal acquaintance with Jefferson, 
 Shakespeare, or Michael Angelo, yet who living to-day in 
 this broad laud can be said to be unacquainted with Angelo, 
 Shakespeare, and Jefferson, who live, though dead? In the 
 analogy of this thought lies my reason for uttering the fol- 
 lowing sentiments of respect, shared in common by my 
 Democratic confreres. 
 
 To voice a proper description of Garret A. Hobart 
 would be to delineate the last four years of the political 
 history of the United States, to epitomize the political inci- 
 dents of the State of New Jersey for a decade at least, and 
 to narrate many chapters in the commercial annals of the 
 upbuilding of American commerce and the fostering of 
 
Address of Mr. Glynn, of New York. 127 
 
 American manufacturing. However much one may differ 
 with the political principles advocated by the late Vice- 
 President, he must confess that in the workings of his own 
 personal career, in the undertakings of his legal profession, 
 and in the consummation of his business plans. ( , 
 A. Hobart was a constructer and not a destroyer. Most 
 men die without creating; few die without destroying. He- 
 has lived well upon the tombstone of whose grave can be 
 carved the verity, "Herein lieth a man who was a creator 
 and not a destroyer." In his tribute President Mckinley 
 is grand a euology to the memory of Garret A. 
 HOBART as man could utter when in his last message to 
 Congress he said: 
 
 His i>; ■ while his publii 
 
 distinguisl - integrity, and exalted motives. 
 
 Hi- lias been removed from tin- high office which he honored and digni- 
 
 ti r, his devotion t<> dutj . lii^ honest) ■ >: | 
 and noble virtues remain with us a 
 
 In the life of Garret A. Hobart can he found the 
 lesson that inspiration comes of working even day. He. 
 as much as any other man of his time, has given proof that 
 genius is encompassed in the ability of doing a hard day's 
 work and doing it on every working day in the year. He 
 did all things well because he did all things intensely. 
 He had learned that in things where the heart is not, the 
 hand is never powerful. From his life we learn that 
 greatness flows not from chance, nor from a mere happj 
 combination of events, hut simply from the magic of un- 
 wavering determination, clear apprehension, and ceaseless 
 toil. GARRET A. HOBART became a great man because he 
 possessed these qualifications and because they enabled him 
 to fill great occasions. IK- had the abilities, the confidence, 
 
J 28 Life and Character of d arret A. Hobart. 
 
 and the stamina to meet momentous occasions, and there- 
 fore such occasions marked him and called him to be what 
 the successes of his abilities, confidence, and stamina would 
 make him. Jackson, Lincoln, Clay, Blaine, and Tilden all 
 drew their greatness from this same fountain head; ave, 
 more, all the great master spirits, all the founders and law- 
 givers of empires, all the defenders of the rights of men, 
 all the upbuilders of the greatness of a nation, are made 
 by these same laws. 
 
 It is fitting that we should pause in the rushings of our 
 work-a-day world to pay tribute to a man who, l>v the sheer 
 force of ability, carved his way from "a man with the hoe" 
 to be the occupant of the seat of the Vice- Presidency of the 
 United States. ( )nly from the facts of a life like this is 
 composed substantial thought. All other thought is mere 
 speculation, mathematical philosophy, a puncture by the 
 rapier of probability into the clouds of guess-land. It is 
 well that we should pause and reflect upon the incidents of 
 such a life, because, when events daily increase in the grow- 
 ing magnitude of a nation like ours, history becomes a 
 dwarf and passes into biography and there is need in the 
 rapidity of national advancement for the microscope to be 
 placed on every honored son of the Government, so that he 
 may be seen in his true grandeur and taken at his true 
 worth. To the student the life of Garret A. Hobart 
 must drive home the fact that glory is only a furrow in the 
 dust, but at tlie same time it can not help teaching that it 
 is worth while to stamp that dust under foot, so as thereon 
 to leave an impression by which the world and posterity 
 may know that we have once journeyed along the road of 
 life. 
 
Address of Mr. Glynn, of New York. 129 
 
 Some one has said that death transforms an opponent into 
 a friend. In a political sense this cannot be said to apply 
 to the man whose loss we mourn to-day. Even his hardest 
 political opponents never allowed the smoke of the fiercest 
 political battles to blind their visions as to the sterling 
 worth of Hobart. They recognized that in politics, as in 
 war, the greatest men are those who never capitulate. 
 They realized that while men of different political faiths 
 differ as to everything on earth, they may some day be 
 united in what is larger than everything mundane, in what 
 embraces the sum total of life and thought — the arms of 
 Providence. History teaches us that as great men . see the 
 right more rightly than small or mediocre minds, so they 
 see the faNe inure falsely. The knowledge of this fact 
 to opponents in politics a brotherhood and a manli- 
 ness that almost deify differences of opinion and sweeten 
 the acrimonies of opposition. 
 
 1 rom a farmer's son < '.arki-.t A. Hobart worked his way 
 through college and made himself a legal light of his Slate 
 and a powei in the politics of the nation. His ascendency 
 was like the atoms of the soiling charcoal that we little 
 value, becoming by wise combinations and gradual arrange- 
 ments the resplendent diamond which ever) eye admires. 
 Grandly, indeed, in all the workings of his life did this son 
 of the masses attest the fact that from the pure, untainted 
 blood of the common people come the rulers of the world. 
 Grandly did he perform his business functions lor his asso- 
 ciates, his official functions fo] his country, and accomplish 
 in of mediocre minds could nevei ao 1 >m- 
 plish. The people of his native State loved him, his busi- 
 111 s associates loved him, his opponents respected him; 
 S. I >oc. 450 9 
 
13" Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 and men are not wont to cherish so deeply that which is 
 not deserving of their love and admiration. According 
 to Edmund Bnrke — 
 
 Reproach 1- concomitant with greatness; envy grows in a direct propor- 
 tion with fame, ami censure is the tax that every man must pay the public 
 for being eminent. 
 
 Iii the main these assertions are true, but in the history 
 of ( rARRET A. Hi iBART is found the exception which proves 
 the rule of their truthfulness. Throughout all his under- 
 takings Mr. Hobart exercised an indomitable will to 
 acquire and retain success. He found no joys in the 
 intrigues of the wanton courtier; his heart was not wedded 
 to the revels of pleasure; his soul always took flight beyond 
 the ticklings of sense. With him one great goal was always 
 in view and the- desire to reach it was father of all his 
 efforts. Such ambition has served the world in good stead. 
 It has worked like the desire of the philosopher's stone on 
 the chemists of old. The object of their search was truly 
 a chimera, nevertheless it was productive of a real good in 
 the shape of modern chemistry. In like manner civiliza- 
 tion owes inestimable advantages to such ambition as 
 HOBART'S, though the honor which is the object of its 
 quest may prove a will-o'-the-wisp. It was the spur that 
 goaded Hobart on from business triumph to business 
 triumph, from office to office, only in the end to find him- 
 self Vice-President and this country the richer for his 
 ambition. It is the motive power that has ever kept the 
 wheel of progress in motion and prevented the world from 
 loitering on the path to advancement. Far be it from my 
 intention to canonize Mr. Hobart. In his career he must 
 have made some mistakes — else he would not have been a 
 
Address of Mr. Glynn, of New York. 131 
 
 man — but that man is the greatest who makes the fewest, 
 and HOBART'S missteps are far outweighed by his many 
 noble deeds and kind offices. In fact, to whatever short- 
 comings may have been his we can apply the words of the 
 
 poet: 
 
 n the sunshine, foam-bells on th 
 Cloud shadows flitting o'er tin.- mountain'-, breast — 
 His faults but marked the might; play, the motion 
 Of a grand nature in its grand unrest. 
 
 To say that Garret A. Hobart was an eloquent man 
 would be to do injustice to the great men who have attained 
 eminence by the arts of Demosthenes and the attributes of 
 Cicero, and at the same time to make that assertion would 
 shadow of disrespect upon that grand instru- 
 ment by which Mr. Hobart achieved distinction, that 
 most potential of instruments within the grasp of man — 
 personal influence. Those who carefully note the compara- 
 tive value of lives in a community soon learn that the 
 element which counts for most is that subtle thing called 
 pets,, n. 1! influence. In it there is something more potent 
 than monej 01 speech, a mystic force which flows out from 
 it and magnetizes all that come within its range. It is to 
 ul man what fragrance is to the flower, what 
 light is to the lamp. It is part and parcel of his personal- 
 ity; yet it reaches outside and beyond himself. That Gar- 
 ret A. HOBART was endowed with this magnetic power in 
 a remarkable degree is evinced from tin- facts stated in this 
 House to-day be the gentleman win, knew him well and 
 knew him long. The value of this personal influence was 
 greatlj augmented by a great human sympathy and a mas- 
 sive manly sense, communicating to his associates and 
 allies new life and energy, touching and unsealing in their 
 
132 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 breasts the springs of resolution and self-help, and flooding 
 them with soul-cheer. 
 
 In life there is nothing except what we put in it. In the 
 fifty-three years of his life Garret A. Hobart crowded so 
 much work, so many successes, so numerous duties as to 
 merit from the American people that most eloquent tribute 
 paid to Goethe by the Emperor of Germany when he met 
 him and exclaimed: "You are a man." Miehelet has gone 
 into raptures over the force of that compliment paid to the 
 great German poet, and the American people may well be 
 pleased that there died in harness as the second highest 
 official in the land a man who could well be called "a man." 
 From his generosity we know that he appreciated the fact 
 that flowers fade without dew and light. From his amiable 
 personality we are sure that he realized the imperishable 
 truths that charity and love are the dew and light of the 
 human heart. He was not of the pessimistic mind, which 
 holds that while nations ascend in civilization governments 
 descend in administration. He was not of those who are 
 constantly living in the dusk of the past, but rather one of 
 those who by the light of the past purpose to see to it that 
 the administration of governments keeps step with the civ- 
 ilization of nations. From the fate of Lot's wife being- 
 turned into a statue of salt for looking back, he had gar- 
 nered the determination to press ever onward in accordance 
 with the thought that he only lives who acts in the present 
 and thinks of the future. 
 
 Despite the millions and millions of people on earth, the 
 world knows only two kinds of minds— minds that are 
 metaphysical pure and simple and metaphysical only, and 
 minds that are not. In Robespieire and St. Louis we have 
 
Address of Mr. Glynn, of New York. 133 
 
 examples of the mere metaphysical mind. Those that are 
 not metaphysical are more or less fatalistical. The minds 
 that work out the most for the amelioration of mankind 
 arc the minds that are not only metaphysical, but also 
 reflective of their antithesis. In Charlemagne and St. 
 Augustin we have the greatest examples of this sort of 
 mind, while in HOBART it is duplicated in essence, though 
 ;„ rhaps not in totality. It is such a mind that makes man 
 the ardent believer in the dispensations of an all-wise 
 Providence, as the gentleman from Pennsylvania and the 
 gentleman from New York, the leader of the majority, 
 represent Mr. Hobart to have been. 
 
 In his religious inclination.- and political enthusiam lie 
 must have been somewhat akin to Cardinal de Berulle. 
 Students of French history will remember that when La 
 Rochelle, under Louis XIII, resisted Richelieu so hand- 
 somely, Richelieu became frightened and wanted to effect 
 a treaty. Cardinal de Berulle persuaded Richelieu to devi- 
 ,m this course on account of a certain something, he 
 knew not what, which he called "trust in Cod." Riche- 
 lieu, a strong-minded man, made fun of him and insolently 
 asked De Berulle when Cod was to keep his promise. De 
 Berulle replied with magnificent simplicity, "I am without 
 enlightenment, but not without thoughts, and, since you 
 command, I will tell them to you. I count on La Rochelle 
 ,,s I counted on the Island of Rhe. I expect success, not 
 from the siege, nor from the assault, nor from the blockade, 
 but from some prompt and unexpected effort." And so 
 with Hobart; if he thought his cause was right, he was 
 read) to fight— to fight calmly, easily, diplomatically, so as 
 to make little bluster and but few enemies, but confident 
 
134 Life aiid Character of (Jarre/ A. llobart. 
 
 that he must win, because he thought he had right with 
 him and because he believed that right would somehow 
 win, even if it had to be helped from above by "a prompt 
 and unexpected effort." 
 
 The political career of Garret A. Hobart affords an 
 interesting comparison between the politics of to-day and 
 the politics of years ago. Caesar Borgia was a giver of 
 battles with poison. Bonaparte was a giver of battles with 
 cannon. Hobart was a giver of battles with diplomacy, 
 sagacity, and parliamentary etiquette, and so typifies the' 
 methods of the present as against the methods of the past, 
 as found in Borgia and Napoleon in the olden days, when 
 they were wont to destroy men so as not to destroy nations 
 by allowing them to hurl themselves one against another. 
 In those davs personalities occupied the whole space of the 
 political arena, masses none. In our day the masses are 
 the unit of the political battle, personalities simply the 
 kindling wood of a little enthusiasm. Battles took place 
 then between prince and prince. A mere ordinary man 
 was an obstacle, and was treated as such. That was called 
 politics; and, bad as it was, for those who love humanity it 
 was better than war. Politics then was a game between 
 elevated heads; now it is a contest between millionaire, 
 lawyer, laborer, and men in general, in which Garret A. 
 HOBART has proved that in the United States of America 
 the son of a poor farmer can, by his own merit and his own 
 ability, become a Caesar of the purest type and a Napoleon 
 in both finance and politics of the greatest influence. The 
 lives of Caesar Borgia and Napoleon show that murder and 
 force were the instruments of success in the politics of 
 olden days. The life of Hobart gives proof that the 
 
Address of Mr. Glynn, of New York. 135 
 
 political triumphs of to-day are the victories of intellec- 
 tual supremacy— not perhaps of one man, but of some 
 party, some principle, as represented by supporters and 
 champions. 
 
 Garret A. Hobart is no more. In the councils of his 
 party there is a vacant chair; in the halls of our National 
 Legislature there reigns an air of mourning; in the busi- 
 ness circles of the country there are being written resolu- 
 tions of respect and memorials of condolence; but for all 
 this sorrow there is consolation in the fact that while he 
 lived he was a power among men; consolation in the knowl- 
 edge that in honor of his memory the hand of History 
 will write upon her everlasting tablets and beneath the 
 name of GARRET A. HOBART: 
 
 So rnix'd in him, that Nature might I 
 
 And say to al] the world, " This was a man! " 
 
Lye and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. SALMON, OF NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: I would not attempt at this time to add 
 to what has been so well said in the Senate and in this 
 House upon the life of our lamented Vice-President, were 
 it ni.it that his home was so near my own and my acquaint- 
 ance with him had been so pleasant. It is natural for men 
 to value an acquaintance with one who has risen to a 
 position of honor and distinction. The memory of such 
 acquaintance is inspiring and encouraging. 
 
 I first met Mr. HOBART in 1878, when he was a member 
 of the New Jersey- senate and I of the house of assembly. 
 I well remember his quiet, genial manner, and his smooth 
 yet decided way in dealing with matters requiring his 
 attention. He never impressed his partisanship ujaon those 
 who differed with him, while at the same time he was 
 earnest and strong in his efforts to secure his object. I met 
 him occasionally between our first acquaintance and his 
 election as Vice-President, and he always exhibited the 
 same genial manner and courteous dignity. 
 
 Mr. Hobart had a comprehensive mind with quick 
 perception, and he was thoroughly executive in character. 
 He wielded his power not by physical force or menacing 
 threats, but by an irresistible force of reason and persuasion 
 tliat so rarely accompanies the strong will and determined 
 purpose. His tact in leading others to accept his conclu- 
 sions was more than ordinary. 
 
 Goethe said, "The difference between great and little 
 men is in the amount, of energy applied to their undertak- 
 ings." Mr. HOBART was a hard worker. He applied his 
 
Address of Mr. Salmon, of New Jersey. 137 
 
 mind closely and incessantly to his business. I know of 
 his expressing weariness and a lack of satisfaction in mere 
 business success before his election to the Vice- Presidency. 
 His soul was too great to be satisfied by the mere accumu- 
 lation of wealth. Though it may not be said that he made 
 opportunities, yet by his fortunate location opportunities 
 offered, and he had the grasp and energy of mind to 
 take advantage of and develop them. 
 
 The city of Paterson, to which, from his native county of 
 Monmouth, he came when a young man, has been progress- 
 ive beyond most Eastern cities. Since the civil war it lias 
 
 from a mere town to a city of about too, 1 people. 
 
 It is a thoroughly manufacturing city. Its industries are 
 and always have Keen varied. In iron manufactories and 
 silk mills are extensive. Because of the great number and 
 varied character of its silk factories it has been called the 
 "Lyons" of America. With this enterprising peop 
 HOBART made his home when a young man, and there 
 he found opportunities for the employment of his rare 
 
 The lessons taught by his life are different from those 
 taughl by the lives of most men whose names are honored 
 in oui country's annals. Few indeed are they who, having 
 gained high political station as well as eminent business 
 success, retain the esteem and love of their fellow-men to 
 the time of their death as he did. 
 
 Mr. lb iBART has been called from this life at an age when 
 he mi [3 have been expected to be in the vi.^or 
 
 "i health and mental activity. IK- was but litth ; 
 years old at the lime of his death. 
 
 • hi- honors to the world 
 
 .en, and .slept in peace. 
 
138 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 The years he lived fell far short of the allotted length of 
 man's life; yet if we measure life by what is accomplished, 
 there have been few in our country who have lived as long 
 as he lived. 
 
 If any are discouraged and feel that they cannot succeed, 
 they will find in the history of his life an inspiration to 
 hope and persevere; if any are inclined to believe that 
 kindness and courtesy are nut proper elements in the char- 
 acter of the strong and successful man, they should recall 
 the scene at the funeral of the deceased Vice- President, 
 where thousands gathered and with bowed heads attested 
 their sorrow because of his untimely demise. 
 
 Patriots have toiled, and in their country's cause 
 Bled nobly; and their deeds, as they deserve, 
 Receive proud recompense. We give in charge 
 Their names to the sweet lyre. The historic Muse, 
 Proud of the treasure, marches with it down 
 To latest times; and Sculpture, m her turn, 
 Gives bond in stone and ever-during brass 
 To guard them, and to immortalize her trust. 
 
s of Mr. (,; I Wo. 139 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. GROSVENOR, OF OHIO. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: The death of Garret A. Hobart brings 
 forcibh to our minds some features of our political history 
 which, aside from the personal consideration, are of pro- 
 found importance. The office of Vice-President has not 
 been considered by our people as possessing that degree of 
 importance which it would seem ought to appertain to that 
 position. Death has more than once laid low the Pi 
 of the I United States and opened that great office to the con- 
 stitutional sn different Vice-Presidents have- 
 died in office — George Clinton, Elbridge Gerry, William R. 
 King, Henry Wilson, Thomas A. Hendricks, and now Gar- 
 ret A. H< fB VRT. 1 wish 1 1 an evt nt in 
 our history curious, interesting, and important. 1: - 
 upon the nee fu] arrangement in the m 
 succession in high office. 
 
 Thomas A. Hendricks, who had been elected Vice-Presi- 
 dent with Mr. Cleveland at his first term, died during a 
 vacation of Congress. In other words, he died when there- 
 was no House of Representatives in existenci 
 ized body. Mr. Hendricks had studiously prevented the 
 election of a President pro tempore of the Senati 
 construction given to the constitutional provision that "in 
 the absence of the Vice-Presidenl 01 when he shall exercise 
 the office of President <>f th( United States" the Senate 
 might elect a President pro tempore operated to permit the 
 Vice-President to preside s ( > constanth in the Senate that 
 no temporary presiding officer could he fleeted. And so it 
 
140 Life and Character of Garret . 1. Hobart. 
 
 was that when Mr. Hendricks died there was no President 
 pro tempore of the Senate. Xor was there a Speaker of the 
 House of Representatives; for the House of Representa- 
 tives had expired on the 4th of March preceding. The 
 effect of this was to leave but one life between organized 
 government and chaos; and that life was the life of Mr. 
 Cleveland. 
 
 Mr. Cleveland did not go to the funeral of his vice- 
 presidential associate. There was very considerable criti- 
 cism in the press and everywhere throughout the country 
 because of what seemed to bean indifference manifested bv 
 .Mr. Cleveland. Afterwards the real reason came out, and 
 was complimentary to the kindly nature and generous 
 heart of Mr. Cleveland. He was preparing for the long 
 journey in the inclement weather of November to attend 
 the funeral at Indianapolis, when the question suggested 
 itself to some one — not the President, as it was under- 
 stood — that it was hardly the right thing for him to do, to 
 travel all the way to Indianapolis, exposing himself to the 
 danger of railroad accidents and cither contingencies, and 
 upon the advice of gentlemen of both parties, Mr. Cleve- 
 land withdrew his engagement and remained in the city of 
 Washington. 
 
 It is easy to see how wise was his precaution. Had he 
 been killed in an accident or in any other way lost his life, 
 there was no chart to guide the people of the country in 
 supplying his place. Thereupon, and for this reason, and 
 growing out of this very circumstance, as I understand, 
 Congress passed the existing law cutting off the succession 
 ol the Speaker of the House and conferring it (following 
 the Vice-President, the successor by the terms of the Con- 
 
Address of Mr. Grosvenor, of Ohio. 141 
 
 stitution) upon the Secretary of State and, successively, 
 upon the other members of the Cabinet in the order named 
 in the statute. This covers all the member-, of the Cabinet 
 except the Secretary of Agriculture, an office created since 
 the passage of that law and which, therefore, was not enu- 
 merated by the act. And so we have assured safety again. 
 
 Garret A. Hobart brought the office of Vice-President 
 to a higher degree of value than it had ever had since we 
 were acquainted with the operations of the Government. 
 He was a man of strong personality, a man of high business 
 qualifications, thorough political training ami sagacity, 
 genial-minded, warm-hearted, a lovable and admirable per- 
 sonality. And lu- came to his high office with a purpose to 
 ite, not segregate, the office. His nomination at 
 St. Louis was not the accident of political movements by 
 any means. To a great main men who participated in the 
 tics of [896 the nomination of Hobart 
 was as well assured before Congress adjourned a-* it was after 
 the ballot was dee',. I 
 
 He was a fitting coadjutor of the splendid Administration 
 of William McKinley. This is no time nor place, perhaps, 
 to eulogize the current Administration. It may be proper, 
 however, to say that in all its personalty, in all it- conduct 
 of affairs, the mode and manner of its procedure, the c< intact 
 of its officials with the public, the dignity and beai 
 the Chief Magistrate and those about him. this Administra- 
 tion has been popular and admirable. And there v> 
 one feature of the Administration, aside from tin- great 
 aality of the President, that was so attractive to the 
 people of the United States as was the personality and par- 
 ticipation of I 1' IBART. 
 
142 Life and Character of Garret A, Hobart. 
 
 As I have said, he did not come here to isolate his office 
 and simply be the presiding officer of the Senate, but he 
 came here to become of the Administration, to be of its 
 councils, to be of its advisers. And the President gladly 
 availed himself of the wisdom, the knowledge, and the 
 administrative ability of the Vice-President. Their friend- 
 ship was as the friendship of brothers. The proximity of the 
 residence of the Vice-President to the Executive Mansion 
 made association easy, and all forms of dignified distance 
 and ceremonial intercourse were for the most part set aside. 
 A close association between the President and the Vice- 
 President was one of the great features of the period, 
 
 Mr. Hobart stamped himself upon the results of legis- 
 lation. He had no vote, but he had a voice, and his judg- 
 ment commended itself to Senators and Representatives. 
 During his incumbency of the Vice-Presidential office more 
 than one great event in legislation happened. The enact- 
 ment of the Dingley law and the ratification of the Spanish 
 treaty were two most memorable contests; and no man 
 outside of the President had more to do with carrying 
 those measures to a successful issue than did GARRET A. 
 Hobart. His wisdom, his just appreciation of others, his 
 kindness of heart, his magnetism, and his personality in 
 general made him a great factor in reaching the results 
 that grew otit of those matters. 
 
 Of his social life I had but limited personal knowledge; 
 yet I came to be impressed, as others did, with the warmth 
 of his character, with his geniality. He came in contact 
 with American citizens as an American citizen. He had 
 no pride of place that compared with his pride and love of 
 home and home ties. Others will speak more fully of 
 
, fj of Mr. i , Ohio. 143 
 
 these characteristics. As husband and father, as citizen 
 and politician, as Vice-President, and as a high official in 
 other places his life was above criticism, his efficiency 
 beyond disparagement, and his memory will be to us all a 
 benediction. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, I bow with reverence and humility 1" fore 
 the awful blow that Providence delivered upon the Amer- 
 ican people in the untimely death of Hobart. I seek to 
 look beyond the darkness of the clouds that lower upon 
 us, and have faith to believe that beyond them there shines 
 the light of the countenance of the Father of us all, who 
 "doeth all things well." But it is difficult sometimes to 
 iliation that is due; we naturally 
 come hack to the human standard, and wonder while we 
 bow our heads. We must he rescued from a condil 
 revolt by the assurance, which we must take with blind 
 faith, "He doeth all things well." 
 
144 Life and Character of Garret A. Hobart. 
 
 ADDRESS OF MR. GARDNER, OF NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Mr. Speaker: The frequency with which this body is 
 called upon to pay the last sad tribute to the memory of 
 the eminent dead is a most forceful reminder of man's mor- 
 tality. Verily, "He cometh forth like a flower and is cut 
 down." The generations appear like the leaves of spring 
 and flourish for a season only, then, smitten by the breath 
 of the Destroyer, fall, even as the leaves that wither and 
 scatter in autumn's searing blasts. But the earth itself, the 
 abode of man, shall perish; the visible heavens shall pass 
 away; for there is nothing permanent but the law and the 
 love and the kingdom of God. 
 
 We pause in our labors to-day to do homage to the mem- 
 ory of one who was not a member of this House, but who, 
 in his high office, represented the suffrage and the majesty 
 of the great Republic. 
 
 Garret A. Hobart had, from his early manhood, been 
 singled out by common consent in his own State as the per- 
 sonality most abounding in promise of great service and 
 future honor to his State ; but he was greater perhaps than 
 we knew, for when he rose to a commanding position among 
 the nation's lights, it was seen that he was in his sphere ; 
 and when he died, all knew that a luminary of great power 
 had fallen from the national sky. 
 
 The career of Mr. Hobart is another of those oft-recur- 
 ring lessons of the opportunities offered to young American 
 manhood, and demonstrated that energy, integrity, and 
 courage, if seconded by real ability, may conquer all the 
 weary paths that lie between the lowly and the highest 
 
Address of Mr. Gardner, of New Jersey. 14s 
 
 estate and lead triumphantly to the most exalted station; 
 for he rose with no aid but his merit, with no friend but his 
 and with no claim to recognition but his fitness. 
 Garret Augustus Hobart was born on a farm near 
 Long Branch, X. J., in 1N44. of New England and Newjer- 
 icestry, which ran hack to the English and the Dutch. 
 Quii kness of perception and comprehension, energy, phys- 
 ical and mental stamina, fidelity to duty, high courage, and 
 an entire veracity of mind were his by inheritance and were 
 dicable. It is difficult to believe he ever had a vice to 
 overcome. 
 
 Young Hobart was educated in the common schools an 
 1>\ his lather, until he entered Rutgers College, from which 
 he was graduated in [863, before he was [9 vears of a»e. 
 Alter a brief period as an educator lie began the study of 
 law in Paterson, X. J., under the tutelage of his father's 
 also of Wu England stock, Socrates Tuttle, a gen- 
 tleman of great ability, fine attainments, and splendid char- 
 Ile was graduated from Mr. Tuttle's office and 
 admitted to the bar of New Jersey; then began his re al 
 
 Mr. Hobart later was united in marriage with Miss fen- 
 nie Tuttle, daughter ol his legal preceptor. < if that union 
 1 shall speak but briefly now, for to dwell upon it would 
 seem like the mingling of notes of discord with the funeral 
 dirge, and an unpardonable rudeness to her who did so much 
 to hedge round his life with happ\ environment and to 
 his days with joy. Let it suffice tosaythat the ston 
 of their wedded life and home in Paterson, when told, will 
 be "A sweet savor wherever happ) homes are recognized as 
 tin citadel of virtue and the hope of the world." 
 S, Doc. 45 10 
 
146 Life and Character of Garret A. I lobar/. 
 
 Mr. HoiiART grew at once in professional and in public 
 esteem. Had his abilities been entirely and continuously 
 devoted to his profession, he would have attained the very 
 first rank among its masters, for his great talents were legal 
 and judicial to the last degree. In all his business life he 
 never had use for any lawyer but a "close lawyer." But 
 the public and the great business interest would not allow 
 Mr. HobarT to practice his profession as he would then 
 have desired. He was ever pursued with offers of office and 
 (if business. He was sought with proffers of opportunitv 
 which other gifted men strove for in vain. 
 
 Before he was 27 years of age he had been the legal coun- 
 sel of his cit) and his county and was being asked to go to 
 the legislature to mold the laws. He was elected to the as- 
 sembly and afterwards to the senate of New Jersey. What- 
 ever political body Mr. HobarT entered, he was placed at 
 its head. Tin- N'ew Jersey assembly made him its presiding 
 officer; the Xew Jersey senate made him its president; the 
 State Republican executive committee made him its chair- 
 man, in which capacity he conducted many of our most im- 
 portant campaigns. He also represented Xew Jersey in the 
 national Republican committee for many years, and nobody 
 ever thought of a successor. 
 
 Whatever Mr. HOBART did was so well done that oppor- 
 tunitv. as I have said, was ever seeking him. I have never 
 heard a criticism of his management of a business matter. 
 Governments and courts felt secure in the management of 
 their charges when in his hands. His great capacity and 
 integrity, winning universal confidence, must have, as they 
 did, rewarded his business efforts and discretion with 
 affluence. 
 
Address of Mr. • Yew Jersey. 147 
 
 In the career of Mr. Hobart there was nothing sensa- 
 tional or episodical. He never sought but rather shunned 
 notoriety. His aims were definite; his purpose steady as 
 the granite hills; his efforts as sustained as the motions of 
 the planet. To every task he brought the energ\ of a 
 splendid hope. With him all objects were specific and 
 evervdutv -real, and to his conviction of duty, his definite 
 aim-, his tireless energy, ami steady purpose, quietly pur- 
 sued, are largely due the success and honors that crowned 
 his life. 
 
 lie w.isa man of most magnificent courage, never more 
 composed and hopeful than in the hour of defeat. When 
 he had given to tin- service of his party ..11 his splendid 
 abilities during one campaign alter another, closing with 
 apparent disaster, In could regret without being east down, 
 deplore and Ik- not discouraged; and even in that campaign 
 in his State when he son-lit to realize the political ambi- 
 when success had seemed assured until 
 the last days of the contest, when the tides changed and 
 new forces overwhelmed him, and his hosts of loyal friends 
 were downcast and discouraged, he appeared as a rock left 
 by a melting shore, which still lifts its head in majesty- 
 above the waters and forms a headland about which the 
 vieldino currents must edch and rebuild the broken line. 
 
 So. too, in that sad day when he returned to his country 
 leaving his beloved daughter in a foreign soil, dead on the 
 threshold of womanhood; though his heart was bleeding, 
 he turned the same pleasant face to the world and, while a 
 drawn perhaps, the old smile was there. And at the 
 List, conscious of his own approaching dissolution, when 
 the soul makes the awful quen ihat most affects all that 
 
148 Life and Character of Carrel A. Hobart. 
 
 live .mil die, he smiled with the fortitude and hope and 
 confidence of a hero and a Christian martyr. 
 
 Mr. Hobart was endowed with more admirable and 
 enviable qualities than any one man I ever knew. All men 
 agree that his was a most lovable personality. Informed 
 men spoke of his acquirements; churchmen of his recti- 
 tude and deep religious convictions; the philanthropist of 
 his unostentatious charity; business men marveled at his 
 business judgment; politicians wondered at his clear per- 
 ception of the character and the value of issues; statesmen 
 at his wide and ready knowledge of national and interna- 
 tional affairs; and all alike at his ready powers of solution, 
 readily mastering problems, however weighty and however 
 intricate. Mis sympathy was as broad as the field of human 
 struggle, and all classes felt its touch, so that when the 
 dreaded message of his departure flashed over the country 
 the bitter tear fell at every hearthstone, for all alike felt the 
 loss of a friend. 
 
 When Mr. HOBART was nominated for the Vice-Presi- 
 denc) , tactions in Xewjersev at once lost their identity and 
 party lines became confused. Regard for policies largely 
 gave way to confidence in the man. What part of the 89,000 
 majority the State gave in that election was due to the per- 
 sonality of Mr. HOBART and the esteem in which he was 
 held as a man can never be accurately stated, but it may be 
 safely stated the result was a magnificent tribute from the 
 citizenship of Xew Jersey to her gifted son — an expres- 
 sion of confidence in his patriotism, abilities, and exalted 
 character. 
 
 His example has been a beneficent influence in the com- 
 munity in which lie lived and died, in the State which he 
 
Address of Mr. Gardtu /, of \, iv Jersey. 149 
 
 served and honored, in the nation which came to know and 
 honor him, and to the civilized world, which has now heard 
 of lii 111 and his life, which, in it- business energy and 
 integrity, private Christian purity, and fidelity to every 
 trust imposed, is a model tor all men in all countries. He 
 adorned society, lent a dignity to common affairs, and ele- 
 vated even' office he filled. 
 
 He died as the Christian dies, and he will be remembered 
 here; therefore he has triumphed over death "in time and 
 eternity." 
 
 O