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 Revised Edition, 
 
 to i 00.000 copies will be issued, 
 
 20,000 (opies of Hie old 
 edition in circulation. 
 
 AN APPEAL 
 
 &>257 
 
 KROM iih: 
 
 SOUTHERN STATES 
 
 TO THE 
 
 Northern, Eastern and Western States 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 AND TO THE CIVILIZED WORLD. 
 
 THE SOUTHERN STATES: 
 
 Their Wonderful Resources and their Peculiar Advantages. 
 
 -BY 
 
 DONOHO, JO£::fc : $9>i:;;:. 
 
 MEMPHIS, TENN. 
 
 u r, ,-^r-' 
 
 ) 
 
 HS^Please read and hand to your friend.^^gr 
 
 MEMPHIS, TENN.: 
 
 SOUTHWESTERN PUBLISHING COMPANY, 361 MAIN STRKET 
 
 1870. 
 
e 
 
 &■> 
 
 ,v 
 
 AN APPEAL 
 
 FROM THE 
 
 SOUTHERN TO THE NORTHERN STATES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UNITED STATES, AND TO THE CIVILIZED WORLD. 
 
 THE SOUTHERN STATES — THEIR WONDERFUL RESOURCES AND THEIR 
 PECULIAR ADVANTAGES. 
 
 The native and old resident population of the Southern States 
 of these United States are at last truly awakening to the import- 
 ance and advantages of a greatly enlarged acquisition to their 
 population and capital. They are well aware of the rare and accu- 
 mulated wealth of the natural resources of the country, and 
 have well calculated the magnificent results which must surely 
 follow in the wake of the skillful application of capital, manipu- 
 lated by an additional twenty to thirty millions of experienced and 
 enterprising people from the New England, Middle and Western 
 States, as well as from Canada and Europe ; and there prevails 
 among them an earnest desire and a spirit of determination to use 
 every available and honorable means to draw to the South all and 
 every influence conducive to the highest development of the im- 
 mense resources of the country — indeed sufficient for the suste- 
 nance and enrichment of at least fifty millions of additional popula- 
 tion ! 
 
 THE WAR OF 1861-65 BETWEEN THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN STATES. 
 
 The disastrous results to the South of the recent civil war, so 
 impoverished and impaired their whole planting and industrial in- 
 terests, that even the most skillful and fearless husbandman scarcely 
 ventured the hope of escape from the debris of what, at its close, 
 appeared to be a complete shipwreck. 
 
 CONTRAST BEFORE AND AFTER THE WAR. 
 
 Contrasting, then, the beautiful prospect that spread on every 
 hand but a few short years prior to, with its changed and marred 
 aspect at the close of the terrible war; and there presented all over 
 the South one great, bleak and unbroken cloud, covering the whole 
 heavens above ; and all beneath but "ashes and a ruined waste" of 
 
2 An Appeal from the 
 
 homes, fortunes and hopes, and a despair that weighed down the 
 very spirit and paralyzed the hand even of him whose heart had 
 never quailed, nor steady hand failed of gallant deeds amid the 
 fiercest conflicts of battling armies ; and truly were the surroundings 
 well calculated to have the effect, either of giving up and bidding 
 adieu to "native heath " for other climes and homes, or of arousing 
 every energy for the reparation of the reigning desolation and 
 ruin. 
 
 Fortunately, the latter and wiser conclusion prevailed. The 
 necessity of the occasion required — yea, imperatively demanded — 
 the boldest and most persistent action ; that action brought propor- 
 tional confidence and relief. 
 
 "AGRICULTURAL RECONSTRUCTION " AND COMMERCIAL INDEPENDENCE- 
 
 The experience and self-reliance thus acquired, are already af- 
 fording a foretaste of that great millenium of "Agricultural Recon- 
 struction," and coloring up the faint outlines of a " Commercial Inde- 
 pendence" which for true splendor and substantial worth, will, ere 
 long, stand unrivaled in the past history of the world; and whose 
 fame will be as enduring as the everlasting hills and valleys of the 
 " Sunny South." 
 
 WEALTH AND LIBERALITY OF SOUTHERN PLANTERS BEFORE THE WAR. 
 
 Previous to the war, wealth sprang like magic from the ground, 
 at the gentlest and most careless touch of the Southern planter, and 
 this wealth which he commanded at the beck of his wand, was lav- 
 ished with a liberality and generosity equaled only by the gener- 
 ous soil and climate yielding such munificent rewards to capital and 
 labor, 
 
 THE POVERTY AND EMBARASSMENTS AFTER TnE WAR. 
 
 At the close of the war, but little — aye, literally nothing, of 
 their former wealth remained, except their lands, and these an 
 absolute burden, deprived as they were of the requisite labor and 
 means for their cultivation ; the negro having been by the stronger 
 arm of the North emancipated from slavery, and converted into a 
 "freedman" of utter demoralization,inefficiency and unreliability as 
 a laborer, and no immediate opportunity or early prospect of sup- 
 plying this deficiency, together with that complete devastation of 
 the planting districts, and the destruction by the invading army 
 of the Southern planters' entire working and available capital, as 
 well as the basis and source of his facilities of money and credit, 
 left him, indeed, who in former years was a "wealthy planter," 
 now a "pauper landholder," unable to command from his wide but 
 dilapidated domain, a sufficient income to meet current expenses, 
 even of the most frugal order. 
 
 LANDS AND NEGROES. 
 
 "Lands and negroes to make cotton and sugar, and cotton and 
 sugar to extend the areage of his domain and increase the number 
 of "his laborers," was his former policy. His present condition com- 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 3 
 
 pels the reduction of his land estate into many smaller ones, to he 
 disposed of by sale, lease or rent. 
 
 MERCHANT AND BANKER. 
 
 The Sonth did not manufacture, nor mine, nor divert any con- 
 siderable portion of their entire capital and labor from the pursuits 
 of planting cotton and other Southern crops ; the agricultural 
 interests were the foundation of sustenance of the merchant and 
 banker, and just in proportion as the planter prospered, so did the 
 merchant and banker prosper, and all other branches of business 
 accordingly. The foundation having given away, of course the 
 whole superstructure fell. 
 
 The Southern planter was really the only producer, the mer- 
 chant was the agent for supplying his larder and his wardrobe, 
 advancing his plantation supplies, disposing of his crops, keeping 
 his accounts, negotiating, insuring, transporting, importing, 
 exporting, etc., and the banker received the deposits and paid out 
 through the merchant the proceeds of the planters' crops ; the 
 merchant, but the " bridge" between the " Southern planters' field'' 
 and the "banker's vault," the channel of succor, supply and con- 
 venience to the planter on one hand, and of the prompt payment 
 and ultimate security to the banker of all negotiations or other 
 maturities bearing the merchant's indorsement for the benefit of 
 the planter. This much to explain to those unacquainted with the 
 customs of the South, and to show them how much all other pur- 
 suits in the South are dependent first upon the planter — the only 
 PEODTJCEE — and what mutual dependence and interest exists 
 between the planter, merchant and banker ; and we hope thus to 
 bring you to understand and more fully appreciate the true con- 
 dition, pecuniarilly, of the South at the close of the war, and the 
 grand results which have already been accomplished, and what 
 promises to be done for the future, by a people of indomitable pluck 
 and bitsiness sagacity, who have been awakened to a new life and 
 high purposes, by the stern logic of events of the past few years. 
 
 Poverty was the rule, with an occasional exception only here 
 and there, for there were some whose ruling passion — " the love of 
 money" — prevailed in the hour of the "death struggle " of the 
 South, and who exercised the largest latitude admissible by the 
 "power that then and there reigned," in following the parting ad- 
 vice given by the father to his son, " my son, get money ; get 
 money, my son, honestly if }-ou can ; my son get "MONEY at \tll 
 hazards!" 
 
 This class, together with the multitude of those who still 
 hovered over the carcass, and by dint of whose " official position 
 and acts " they had often, and still did secure short, smooth and well 
 paved paths to "greenbacks" and "spoils," were not those to 
 whom communities and States of distressed, embarrassed and 
 bankrupted people could look for the devisement and execution of 
 measures promotive of individual amelioration or the public wel- 
 
4 An Appeal from the 
 
 fare ; and such as would naturally impress and prompt to action, 
 the noble, generous and philanthropic hearted man. While such 
 vampires did fatten and swell into the most uncomely and disgust- 
 ing proportions of " shoddy- snobbies " in their riotous gluttony of 
 "blood- treasuries," thank God there was, and there still exists, an 
 army of noble men, although "purseless," "scripless," "bondless," 
 whose hearts and brains are pledged to the emergency, and whose 
 daily desires and efforts are given to the good work of relieving 
 the distressed ; mollifying and healing old wounds ; encouraging 
 the discouraged ; infusing life into the paralyzed arteries of trade ; 
 projecting and prosecuting enterprises, and laying broad and firm 
 the foundations for their own, their children's, their neighbors' and 
 their country's prosperity and permanent welfare, and for which 
 future generations shall rise up and praise them. 
 
 The merchant, as we have before stated, who is the medium 
 between the planter in all the details of " cotton culture" to " cot- 
 ton market," came with all his heart to the rescue, and to the 
 utmost of his limited ability and credit, to the succor and sus- 
 tenance of the planter, and by calling to his aid the banker, with 
 a bold nerve and an unfaltering faith, advanced the required means 
 to secure the teams, implements, subsistence and labor for the 
 cultivation and preparation of the crop for the market. Never did 
 people enter upon the perilous future of business under greater 
 discouragements and with so little hope of success, as did the 
 planters and merchants of the South in 1865-66, and followed 
 with such dogged perseverance through the calamitous '67 to the 
 crowning success of 1868-69. Four years of war and desolation, 
 succeeded by four years of destitution and threatening starvation, 
 and then that day dawn peeped above the line of our horizon and 
 soon succeeded by the rising sun, dispelling the long and weary 
 night of Egyptian darkness and now swiftly mounting to the 
 zenith of its glory. 
 
 THE PLANTERS' DIFFICULTIES IN 1865-6. 
 
 The death-struggle for the two years, immediately succeeding 
 the war, of every man, with the " savage wolf at his door ;" the terror- 
 ism and constant interference of the military, still retained over them 
 long after the surrender of arms; the distracting and demoralizing 
 influences exerted upon the colored laborers by the operations of 
 the Freedmen's Bureau, and the suicidal policy of the Government 
 at Washington City, in levying that most onerous " special tax " of 
 three cents per pound upon the Southern planters' cotton, rather than 
 to have extended her fostering care, and, by every means in her 
 power, to have aided and encouraged the cultivation of cotton and 
 other Southern products, so vitally essential to her finance and com- 
 merce — yea, to her very existence! — all, all these, and almost every 
 other difficulty, were encountered with manly courage ; and in 
 overcoming these mountains of obstacles, besetting them at every 
 step, it so engrossed their thoughts, and hearts, and hands, as to 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 5 
 
 leave no time to devote to the miserable "political mountebanks" 
 Avho so clamored for "posts of honor," with loud professions of _ 
 "immaculate loyalty," and with a zeal quite commendable in nobler 
 pursuits, and whose vile practices, under the cloak of "official posi- 
 tion," would have put to blush the savage, and whose rapacity and 
 " Bedouinism " ought to have consigned them to the worst infamy. 
 
 They had succumbed to superior power, in the sanguinary con- 
 flict of arms with the North ; they regarded the surrender of arms 
 in April, 1865, equivalent to a declaration of peace; they " accepted 
 the situation" in good faith, and returned to their respective homes 
 and vocations, weary and sick of the long and bloody strife, with 
 the hope of restoring their lost fortunes and homes, sincerely de- 
 siring — yea, craving — peace, and an abiding peace. 
 
 Overwhelmed and defeated — their armies fearfully decimated — 
 their resources exhausted and their finances bankrupted, how ex- 
 tremely ridiculous to them appeared the constant apprehensiveness 
 manifested in many quarters of the Northern States, of another 
 "rebellion" in the South!! Never did the overwrought and ex- 
 hausted physical energies of man more earnestly crave the couch 
 of repose than has the South the benefaction of some great deliv- 
 erer, at whose command of "Peace, be still!" the great upheavals 
 of the political flood should at once assuage, and an "Ararat" be 
 found as a resting place for the "old ship of State," out of which 
 may yet come forth a remnant of the "incorruptible," for the res- 
 toration and perpetuity of enlightened government and constitu- 
 tional liberty, in all that simplicity and justice designed by tl e 
 original founders ! 
 
 the necessity of peace south. 
 
 They who had but just emerged from the fiery ordeal of war 
 and defeat ; they who had felt the keen edge of the sword and the 
 consuming fire, and who had been called to endure the terrible ex- 
 perience of its sufferings and horrors ; they who had been brought 
 to the fullest and direst realization of a war which swept away not 
 only the comforts and luxuries of accumulated years, but likewise 
 their veiy substance and subsistence, their hearths and homes, their 
 altars and graves — that desolation of spirit, and despair, which 
 well-nigh weighed down and overwhelmed the stoutest hearts; and 
 the abject poverty and destitution which reigned throughout all 
 their borders — without money and without credit or friends upon 
 whom to lean for relief in this season of their keen distress and pe- 
 cuuiary embarrassments, did as certainly divest them of all former 
 spirit of warfare, as it did of the means for the further prosecu- 
 tion or renewal of the war ; and this ought to have been apparent 
 to the reflective minds of the North, and to have fortified them 
 against the exaggerated statements and villainous perversions, fab- 
 ricated and industriously circulated by the designing and malicious, 
 for political or other purposes, totally regardless of the means, if they 
 but subserved their individual or "party purposes." 
 

 An Appeal from the 
 
 WHO PREVENTED PEACE AND GOOD ORDER, AND WHY. 
 
 These. were they — natives of both the North and the South, and 
 who, in a majority of instances, were seldom "in front," except in 
 retreats — "camp-followers," and "spoil- vultures" — and whose oc- 
 cupation is gone, whenever the "smoke of w 7 ar" has cleared away, 
 and "honest daylight" discovers to the good and brave, the gal- 
 lant soldier and true patriot, their cowardly and villainous "raids " 
 upon the Treasury and upon the people for "plunder and spoils," 
 irrespective of friends or foes, sex, color or age. 
 
 These are they, and NOT the great masses of the honest-hearted, 
 thinking and substantial men. whether of the North or South — 
 THESE, we say, are they, who would suffocate in an atmosphere of 
 Strife, and who can live and thrive only in the midst of agitation, 
 strife, war! 
 
 MILITARY — MILITIA KU-KLUX. 
 
 THESE are they, who will not that peace-makers and peace- 
 measures should prevail throughout the whole land- — North, 
 South, East and West — they who will not that "old feuds " be for- 
 gotten ; the tomahawk buried ; the " sword sheathed ;" and that 
 every man, without let or hindrance, be permitted to enjoy the 
 fullest measure of AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP ; and that all may 
 dwell together in the utmost harmony, each in quiet, ".under his 
 owm vine and fig tree ; " but rather prefer and do exact the most 
 selfish and vicious influences to provoke discord and strife, and to 
 reduce the "subjugated and disarmed" to "military despotism," 
 or subject the quiet pursuits of the rural districts, towns and vil- 
 lages to the disturbances and depredations of the " bloody and pa- 
 triotic militia ; " or, the still more contemptible and cowardly villain- 
 ies and atrocities committed upon any and all, regardless of nativity, 
 sex or color, under cover of that so-called " Ku-Klux," whose devil- 
 ish deeds of darkness were often perpetrated by these identical 
 THEYS, and then heralded in emblazoned print in Northern jour- 
 nals, over the signature of some " reliable correspondent," as the 
 deeds of Southern men — "Rebels," in the parlance of the "recent 
 unpleasantness ! ! ! " 
 
 CHARACTER of the PASSPORT IN THE south. 
 
 When will the North lift the veil and distinguish between the 
 cowardly rascality of such "a horde of thieves" as the war, like a 
 flood tide, cast upon the South, and that of the sterling integrity 
 and well tried characters of the hundreds of thousands of Southern 
 men, whose assurances of facts or denial of falsehoods have never 
 before, nor on any other matters, been questioned for a moment? The 
 South judges no man by the standard of nativity, politics or religion, 
 but they "do hold him to account and classify him according to his 
 true character and acts, and against these will they most un- 
 swervingly place the credit and debit as they may determine, and 
 his social status and currency, thus stamped and established — royal 
 blood, nor gold, nor cattle upon a thousand hills will buy a " social 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 7 
 
 passport" into the circles of those whose only and true standard is 
 good character. With this no man, who desires and cultivates 
 it, will be denied, or obstructed in the least, the best society. 
 
 Excuse this digi'ession, and return to the drift of our work. 
 
 The "Eebs" gracefully yielded to the decision of the sword and 
 returned to those pursuits promising the earliest restoration and 
 reparation of home, fortune and country, and an utter forgetfuln ess 
 in spirit of the bitter past. 
 
 ALL PURPOSE OR SPIRIT OF WAR " SQUELCHED OUT." 
 
 The truth is, dear reader, that considerations of the sternest 
 necessity — positive nakedness and threatened starvation ; the barn 
 grainless ; the larder meatless ; the wardrobe shirtless ; the farm 
 fenceless ; the homestead swept ; the cattle and swine long since 
 consigned to the "tender mercies" of the "impressing agent" of 
 the " army commissariat ;" the last " team and wagon wheel" un - 
 der the supervision of the abominable but necessary evil, the " quar- 
 termaster," had been abandoned in the "last ditch" of the "Lost 
 Cause ; " and their last " bond " and " greyback " had, in the twink- 
 ling of an eye, suffered a "shrinkage" of one hundred per cent., 
 " more or less — were truly incentives of such magnitude and compul- 
 sion as to utterly forbid the purpose or even the desire to further 
 prosecute a war against such fearfully increasing odds of men and 
 means, and certainly most highly calculated to bring into the most 
 vio-orous and incessant exercise their whole talents and mus- 
 cles ; and bravely did they battle for adrantages with which their 
 labors are now (1869) being so richly rewarded. And these advan- 
 tages and results, gained at such cost, are but the earnests — " the 
 be«"iuning of the end" — the foundation stones of a great future ! " 
 
 THE SOUTH LEARNS VALUABLE LESSONS. 
 
 The people of the South have derived from such straights and 
 bitter experience the valuable lessons which they had never before 
 practically learned, of rigid frugality and self-reliance, and have 
 discovered that the road to TKUE independence, vigorous health 
 and solid prosperity is based upon the largest development and the 
 wisest and broadest use of the power that has heretofore laid dormant 
 in the munificent and princely resources with which nature has 
 endowed the "Sunny South." The Plow, the Anvil, the Loom, the 
 watchwords, now passed from the waning father to the rising son! 
 They are learning that bread is sweeter when planted, garnered and 
 kneaded with their own hands ; that money earned by the " sweat 
 of their own brows" is more valuable and expended with more 
 judgment and economy ; that the daughters now have ruddier 
 cheeks, and the sons more muscle and vim, acquired by the physical 
 exercises incident to their new and changed circumstances and the 
 abolition of their former slave- labor system. 
 
 THE WAR ONLY COULD HAVE DESTROYED SLAVERY — THE SOUTH NOW 
 RADICALLY AN TI- SLAVERY. 
 
 Nothing short of the war, which did "wipe out" slavery, could, 
 
8 An Appeal from the 
 
 have accomplished so completely its destruction ; nothing other 
 would have so utterly and finally settled this vexed question of 
 slavery, but just such a thorough depletion of the "hot blood" of both 
 sections of the country ; and nothing but this utter destruction of 
 slavery and the consequent experience, begotton during the four suc- 
 ceeding years, would have brought to the Southern mind that 
 thorough conviction which now possesses it of the impolicy and 
 miserably bad economy of " slave labor." 
 
 THE "RIGHT" TO SLAVES. 
 
 The "right" to own slaves did they ever or do they now ques- 
 tion ; neither is that of present importance. They understood the 
 Federal Constitution to recognize and guarantee the " right of 
 property" in that slave who had been for a long series of years' 
 introduced, held and transmitted -by the members of the Northern 
 household, either b}^ inheritance or for valuable considerations, to 
 the members of the Southern household ; and therefore was the 
 South most reluctant to ignore that "right" and to relinquish 
 without an equivalent or a struggle claims upon "property" hon- 
 estly acquired, and that, too, originally from those who had first 
 introduced and instituted it, and afterward transferred "this right 
 of property" for fair and valuable considerations, and at such time 
 only when it had ceased to be profitable to themselves. 
 
 THE DECREE OP THE " STERN ARBITER." 
 
 The sword has made a final settlement of these questions, and 
 we trust they may remain just as that stern arbiter hath decreed 
 until "Gabriel's judgment trump." 
 
 THE HAND OF PROVIDENCE — UNMEASURED BUT UNDESERVED BLESSING. 
 
 The "day is breaking." The former "slaveholders" of the South 
 are not only utterly unwilling to have them in their bondage again, 
 under any circumstances whatever, but are prepared to thank God 
 with all their hearts — severe as was that ordeal through which He 
 caused them to pass ; deep as may have been the waters of affliction 
 through which He may have led them ; terrible as may have been 
 the instrumentalities employed — that good! GOOD! as unexpected 
 and unasked as it is unmeasured and undeserved, has fallen to their lot. 
 
 "CHINESE WALL." 
 
 The South, with slavery, was comparatively isolated from the 
 world. "Slavery" was a "Chinese wall," emphatically excluding 
 all others from domicil in the South, except "slaveholders" and 
 their "slaves," because of that pre vailing prejudice against "African 
 slavery" — the "peculiar institution" of the Southern States. 
 
 /" DOOR- WAY" TO THE SOUTH RESOURCES AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT 
 
 BY INDUSTRY AND SKILL. 
 
 The w v ar demolished and erased the very foundations of that 
 " wall," and opened wide the flood-gates to the influx of millions of 
 additional and enterprising population from all quarters of the great 
 globe, and which are absolutely essential to that enlarged and 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 9 
 
 profitable development of this most wonderful combination of valuable 
 and varied resources, and which would ever have remained dormant 
 and valueless without just such influences as are exerted by an 
 abundance of active INTELLIGENT, reliable and productive 
 labor, such as the "slave" proved never to have been, and such as^ 
 the most hopeful cannot hope of the "freedman." 
 
 THE NEGRO'S CAPACITY AND HABITS "FREEDMAN." 
 
 Those, and those only, who have, by actual observation and long 
 experience, become familiar with his capacities and habits, are 
 rightly prepared to pass a critical judgment and pronounce the 
 incapacity and unfitness of the negro (unaided and unsustained by 
 the influences and motives of usefulness, of sympathy, of restraint 
 and interest, similar to those surrounding him in his former condi- 
 tion of slavery) to elevate himself to that degree of excellence and 
 prosperity which has been so often and so persistently predicted of 
 him by those who really know little, if anything, of his true caliber, 
 or of his ability to maintain even that status of worldly comfort, 
 physical stamina and moral character in which the "emancipation 
 proclamation" found him. 
 
 NEW CLAIMANT FOR CITIZENSHIP. 
 
 Now if the "emancipation" thus thrust upon him — and this at 
 such an immense expenditure of blood and treasure — is to benefit 
 him, none more desire and will labor more earnestly than his former 
 owner for such an improvement of his condition, as shall not only 
 warrant his future exemption from "pauperism" and its inevitable 
 concomitants, and which is not beyond the reach of improbability 
 so long as he fails to comprehend practically the value of time and, 
 money, but his bounden duty likewise to labor, even to the " hoping 
 against hope," for the preparation and more becoming fitness — men- 
 tally and morally, if possible — of this new claimant upon the so- 
 ciety and government, of which he has, in the course of events, 
 become a component and active element. 
 
 DICTATES OF HUMANITY AND INTEREST COMBINED — ENIGMA — THE 
 
 " ELEPHANT." 
 
 The two-fold motives of humanity and interest dictated and in- 
 fluenced the "master's" or owner's care and treatment of the 
 "slave;" and now, since the severance of that bond and obligation 
 — "care for thy own" — neither has the wisdom of the government 
 nor the legions of "Philanthropic and loving friends" solved, by 
 actual demonstration, the enigma, " What-shall-bc-done-with-the-ele- 
 phant f " 
 
 Who is ready to cease theory and bring to a practical test the 
 desired solution, if possible ? Let the North and South enter into 
 a most hearty co-operation for this end, in the fullest exercise of 
 that intelligent and Christian spirit of " doing good toothers" 
 and in observance of that great second commandment, "Love thy 
 neighbor as thyself," or let such " forever hereafter hold their 
 peace." 
 
10 An Appeal from the 
 
 TRUE " FREEMAN " — DELIVERANCE — GRATITUDE — THE SOUTH AWAKEN- 
 ING THE SOUTH INVITES AND LABORS EOR MORE PEOPLE, NOT 
 
 "BLOODSUCKERS," BUT "PRODUCERS." 
 
 The former "slaveholder" is now the true "freeman" and keenly 
 appreciative of the value of the unsought hoon, and of the strength 
 of his new position in the new and glorious arena opened up to his 
 vision. He now begins to understand with some clearness, and to 
 discover to the dark cloud " a silver lining," and to praise a Kind 
 Providence for this deliverance, and in His own time and way, from 
 that which, even if he had in former years regarded and acknowl- 
 edged as an evil, he knew not how to free himself. He now begins 
 to understand, practically, what united and untold advantages, men- 
 tally, morally, physically and pecuniarily, are to result to himself 
 and children and children's children, and therefore recognizes with 
 gratitude the Hand which severed him from his " idols," and gladly 
 accepts the present afflicting dispensation of suffering and loss for 
 a future full of hope and greater gain for himself, his generation 
 and his country — a foretaste of which is now stimulating and ener- 
 gizing the whole representation of the material and industrial 
 interests of the South, and which will ere long culminate in an un- 
 paralleled prosperity and the fullest fruition of " Commercial Inde- 
 pendence" and " Greatness." /He is now awakening to a fuller reali- 
 zation of the boundless capacity and the immensity of the value of the 
 Resources of the South, and is entering with enthusiasm and earnest 
 action in bringing to light and life the millions of hidden treasures 
 locked up in every stone, and clod, and mountain, and forest, and 
 field ; and their unmeasured power, when once unfolded, developed 
 and vitalized and utilized to their fullest extent, by the aid, as their 
 co-laborers, of additional millions of active, intelligent, enterprising, 
 producing and developing people, whom they are cordially inviting 
 and earnestly laboring to acquire from that army of " developers " 
 who have made the North and the East and the West to blossom 
 as a rose, and filled their land with " throng and thrift." The 
 South is reaching out, not so much for the "great monopolists" — 
 "the millionaires," "pampered bondholders," "stock jobbers," 
 "shoddy speculators" — as for the honest, industrious and thrifty classes 
 who, although too poor now to own an acre of land, are yet too 
 'proud to be lazy and too industrious to remain long poor and without 
 a home — the day laborer, the farm hand, the wood chopper, the ditcher, 
 the gardener, the dairyman, the orchard list, the miller, the tanner, the 
 smith, the wagon-maker, the cooper, the hatter, the founder, the carpen- 
 ter, the machinist, the spinner, the weaver — aye, that army of " pro- 
 ducers I" — " producers" whose "toil of brain " and " sweat of brow " 
 will bring individual competency and "fee simple" homes to them- 
 selves and their children, development and magnificence to the 
 country, and increased strength and stability to the nation. 
 
 "LOAFERS AND CROAKERS " THE REPRESENTATIVE MEN — NOT AN- 
 OTHER AFRICAN, IF YOU PLEASE. 
 
 This is the desire and inflexible purpose of the South. The people 
 
Southern to the Northern States. n 
 
 of the South — and by these we do not mean that class of "loafers 
 and croakers," to be found everywhere, both North and South, in 
 all States and sections, and who, if but half as active and industrious 
 in seeking to help themselves as in decrying others, would soon become 
 rich themselves and useful to the world, but we do mean the solid, 
 substantial, reflective and common-sense people of the South (the 
 landholder, the merchant, the banker, the railroad and navigation 
 element, the sturdy mechanic, the journal corps, and the true repre- 
 sentative and progressive men of all branches of industry and devel- 
 opment — and we speak it with pride when we aflirm that these 
 are "legion") — these are the great majority, and they do most 
 sincerely desire and will not cease to labor, "to spend and be 
 spent," for the acquisition of both enough and the right sort of popu- 
 lation, to literally crowd every avenue of employment and develop- 
 ment here in this "sunny land" where truly "the harvest is great 
 and the laborers few;" and still further do we affirm, ALL state- 
 ments to the contrary, all such population, without regard to their 
 nativity, whether of Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, Kansas, New York, 
 Maine, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania or Iowa, or from the icy 
 regions of Canada, the "bee- hive" isles of Britain, or the teeming 
 density of the millions of "home-seeking and frugal- habited" deni- 
 zens of Denmark, Norway, Germany, Sweden and France, who may 
 come in good faith and honesty of piurpose to cast their lot and iden- 
 tity with the country, and to lend by their hearts and hands, heads 
 and means, and every good influence, to the more perfect restora- 
 tion and maintenance of sound and wholesome government, and to 
 the fullest development of the most wonderful resources of a coun- 
 try yet only in its infancy of development and pupilage of imperial^-'' 
 future, that they will be welcomed. 
 what the south does and will have, and what they do not 
 
 want and pray to be delivered from — carpet-baggers. 
 
 The people of the South do want those from whom they may 
 derive the soundest and most practical lessons of wisdom in the 
 cultivation of the soil; those who may, by the introduction of the 
 most improved agricultural implements and the most scientific 
 modes of culture, increase two, ten, or even twenty- fold the present 
 productions of the soil, not only in enabling it to jfield forth "two 
 stalks of corn to the hill, or one bale of cotton to the acre, where 
 only the half grew before, but who can and will coax three times the 
 crop to grow where none ever grew before;" those who can, by the 
 skillful touch of the most approved methods and appliances, lend 
 the most enhanced and available value to the inexhaustible stores 
 of coal, iron, copper, lead, mai'ble, sandstone, etc.; those who can 
 and loill convert the timber of these dense and magnificent forests 
 of pine, oak, cypress, walnut, chesnut, maple, hickory, etc., into 
 agricultural implements, coopers' ware, house furniture, railroad 
 cars, steamboats and bridges, dwellings and barns, schoolhouses 
 and churches : the millions of pounds of raiv-hides, and tons of tan- 
 bark into leather and leather goods ; the raw cotton into the best 
 
12 An Appeal from the 
 
 and last convertible and merchantable shape of yarn and cable, 
 sheeting and shirting, duck and batting; the wool from the 
 shearers' hand to the card, spindle and loom, into carpets and ker- 
 seys, blankets and jeans, cassimers and flannels ; those who 
 understand the cultivation of the grape and the making of wine, 
 and whose experience will early demonstrate the great superiority 
 of this character of products here, over those, even of the farfamed 
 vine lands of Europe ; those who, if it were possible, can bring to 
 the peach, the apricot, the berry — in this, emphatically " the land of 
 the peach and berry " — a greater perfection of size, color and lus- 
 ciousness than here already attained at the smallest expense of 
 labor or care ; and which applies as well and with equal truth 
 to the pear, the plum, the mellon, and most of the vegetable 
 and floral kingdom, which grow so kindly and yield so gen- 
 erously all over these Southern States, and especially what is 
 denominated the great " cotton belt" — the middle and temperate 
 of the two extremes of latitude — those who may come to improve 
 navigation, to erect mills and factories, to extend the old and pro- 
 ject new railroads, to open up the forests and reclaim the waste 
 fields, to elevate and establish a bulwark of adamantine and im- 
 perishable structure, founded upon "virtue and intelligence" — 
 honesty rewarded — " labor dignified." The South extends to all 
 such a most cordial welcome, welcome ! WELCOME ! The South- 
 ern people are cpiite as frank to confess that they do not want another 
 addition to the horde of irrepressible "carpet-baggers" — "dis- 
 turbers of the peace" — " wolves in sheeps' clothing," devouring the 
 the sheep " black and white" to-day "peacemakers," to-morroio 
 "embroilers and disturbers, " " water to the tiny spark " and " flow- 
 ing oil to the raging fire," adventurers without character or con- 
 science, whose varacious appetites and insatiate greed and lust for 
 "posish and lucre" are so great as to force them to overleap all 
 pretence even to decency and honor ; and who so crowd all the 
 portals, which in by-gone years, led to official position, usefulness 
 and greatness, as absolutely to debar the effort, or even the desire, 
 to their approach by the truly good and wise and patriotic, whose 
 virtue, integrity and wholesome counsels and measures would lend 
 such influence and substantial aid, in those latter days of trial and 
 peril, to American government and institutions. They have not 
 the manliness, the moral courage and the Christian chai'ity to 
 bury in deepest oblivion the past, with all its woful remembrances; 
 but with fire brands in their hands and bitterness in their hearts, 
 would never cease to agitate and provoke discord and strife, so 
 long as there remaineth a " sniff of the carcass" of " plunder and 
 spoil." 
 
 THEIR PEDIGREE THE SOUTHS' PROPOSED RIDDANCE OF " CARPET- 
 BAGGERS " 
 
 The pedigree of this hydra- headed monstrosity, sired by satan 
 and dam of the war, is a strange compound of pseud* J' social 
 equality," " over-righteousness," " extreme loyalism," and " admin- 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 1 3 
 
 istration devotion," with a " heavy mixture of those seek, hide and 
 devour " qualities ! Who wants the stock ? Nobody answers. Then 
 do not, dear readers, blame the South for desiring and seeking to get 
 rid of such a nuisance. They propose to get rid of the whole tribe, 
 not as they would declare to the world through the medium of 
 "reliable correspondence" and "confidential headquarter reports," 
 by "the bludgeon and the halter," but by that more honorable, 
 enlightened, Christianized and surer process of securiny enough of 
 the good, and honest, and industrious and intelligent classes of all 
 nationalities ; who in building a superstructure of such style and 
 proportions, as may be precisely adapted to the requirements and 
 tastes of the then predominating elements, " virtue and intelli- 
 gence," as to necessitate the vigorous and complete demolition of 
 the last and least vestige of 
 
 " The carpet-bagger's " ebon throne, 
 And its velvety stepping stone. 
 
 UNION IN FACT — "AMERICAN " THE RACE AND THE PRIZE. 
 
 Then will the people, the masses of the big-minded, honest- 
 hearted, Christian-spirited, philanthropic and patriotic people of the 
 North, South, East and West find a union in fact, and of indis- 
 soluble bonds ; and where the head, whether local, State or Federal, 
 will have his hand upholden by honest and intelligent constituents, 
 while in the exercise of sound wisdom and boldness of nerve he 
 may use the " surgeon's scalpel" in divesting the body politic of 
 every vile and cancerous excrescence, "corruption in high places," 
 contemned and ostracised ; and that harmony, and contentment, 
 and mutual confidence of both the ruler and the ruled, so essential 
 to the happiness and prosperity of both, and that grand , bold FOR- 
 WARD STEP be made of the supremacy of "American citizenship" 
 "American government" and " American ideas " — the world's model 
 of worldly excellence ! The South has entered the race, and is fast 
 casting off every incumbrance and dead weight, for the prize of 
 of such worth. And will the North not emulate the example and 
 and spirit ? Will the East not cast aside somewhat of her " exclu- 
 siveness and frigidity" and allow her blood and pulse to warm up 
 in this spirit of "brotherly rivalry" for the largest "heart and 
 brain" contribution to a "common weal?" Will not the West 
 show a "heart and hand" as big as her prairies and broad as her 
 lakes, and rush into the race with that same irresistible spirit 
 which marked her "boys in blue" in the recent " unpleasantness?" 
 
 NO MORE QUARREL " NEXT FIGHT " — " MAKING REPAIRS." 
 
 Will you not? Why not ? Have you still a quarrel ? Have you 
 still a spirit of "fight and blood?" If so, the South begs to say 
 that she neither has, nor will she have, " any hand " in present quar- 
 rels and the "next fight," having had quite enough of the last and 
 nowjtoo busy " making repairs " and preparing for the newer, higher 
 and more noble contest of excellence in "peaceful pursuits," now, 
 henceforth and forever. 
 
14 An Appeal from the 
 
 NATURAL ADVANTAGES — THEIR NEGLECT TWO REASONS WHY — WHITE 
 
 LABOR — "SOCIAL EQUALITY" SECOND REASON. 
 
 No country, perhaps, in the wide world, but the South, pos- 
 sesses such advantages of long-stretching sea-coast and grand har- 
 bors — long, broad and perpetually navigable rivers — mountains of 
 coal and iron — hills, slopes and valleys of "creamiest richness," 
 and climate of such wonderful adaptability as to embrace the pro- 
 ductions of nearly every other clime ; and yet multiplied, diversi- 
 fied and valuable as are these resources of individual wealth and 
 national greatness, it was equally and lamentably true that no 
 other people of intelligence, who exercised, in other days, so little 
 care or enterprise in their development ; and this carelessness, 
 rather than indolence, or want of sagacity, of the proprietors, was 
 the result of two -fold causes: First, the slave labor, which was 
 then the only labor of the South, was, as every experienced owner 
 can testify, naturally so indolent, unenterprising and non-progress- 
 ive, that few owners had the fortitude and faith to attempt to in- 
 doctrinate and cultivate the negro to new and advanced ideas in 
 agricultural and mechanical pursuits, or even that amount of pa- 
 tience and stretch of forbearance absolutely needed in obtaining 
 from this laborer of " eye service" an amount of service in the 
 most ordinary and daily routine of duties incident to the "planta- 
 tion of primitive modes and implements of culture," equivalent to 
 the capital invested in him and his care. The South neither then 
 invited nor expected the other and more intelligent labor to come 
 in their midst, because of their inflexible opposition to placing the 
 white man on a status with the negro, as a laborer, or that of "social 
 equality" as a citizen. The South had these two classes : " owner" 
 and "slave" — master and laborer — and upon that laboring class to 
 depend for labor; hence, no subsoiling, drainage, fertilizing, and other 
 scientific practices to which the 'New England and Northern States 
 are so greatly indebted for whatever of agricultural prosperity 
 they may have enjoyed. Second, the reason just assigned, together 
 with that of a soil and climate affording most generously of the 
 richest commercial products, with such comparatively trifling ex- 
 penditure of labor and care, likewise tended to habits of slovenly 
 and indifferent cultivation, as well as the neglect of manufactures 
 and navigation— enough profit even in the results of this one pur- 
 suit of agriculture, and as pursued by them, to satisfy their most 
 luxurious tastes, wasteful habits and generous liberalities. 
 
 ABUNDANCE AND CHEAPNESS OF LANDS IN THE SOUTH. 
 
 The territory of arrable lands in the Southern States has always 
 been far too great for the numbers of their population. This super- 
 abundance of lands kept their estimated value at very low prices. 
 When, therefore, lands became surface worn, new lands and fresh 
 could always be secured at less cost in price than tha't of the labor 
 and fertilizers required to maintain or restore to their original fer- 
 tility those once exhausted. These are easily reclaimed, as they 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 15 
 
 yield most kindly to the influences of good husbandly, and with 
 the restoration of these there remains the smallest proportion of 
 unavailable and unremunerative productive lands in the vast ter- 
 ritory of the South. 
 
 SOUTHERN LANDHOLDER. 
 
 The Southern planter was literally and emphatically a landholder, 
 not unfrequently holding his one to five and ten to twenty thou- 
 sand acres. The planters were not accustomed to invest, except to 
 a very limited extent, in Bonds and Stocks, or other securities than 
 lands, and which they regarded as the safest, readiest and simplest 
 investment of each annually accruing surplus ; and hence, so many 
 and large " landholders " all over the Southern States. 
 
 "PATCHES OF CROPS" AND "IDLE ACRES" SALE OF LANDS LEAS- 
 ING, ETC. 
 
 The war having divested these "landholders" of the labor and 
 means necessary to the cultivation of even the former area of tillage, 
 and with an insufficient income from the mere "patches of crops" 
 dotting here and there the thousands of idle acres, together with 
 the fearfully increasing unreliability of the " colored free labor," 
 quite indisposing the planter to adventure the planting of his cap- 
 ital, without even a reasonable assurance of its return and interest, 
 is now compelling these large landholders to dispose of any una- 
 vailable excesses, and at far less than their former and intrinsic 
 values ; and just here is the " golden " opportunity for those having 
 sufficient means to buy good and cheap homes. Many other plan- 
 ters are leasing their estates to white men from the Northern 
 States and European countries, on terms most favorable and mutu- 
 ally satisfactory^ and just here is the " golden chance" for the man 
 of limited means to soon acquire independence and a home of his 
 own. (More on this subject at a future page, and fail not to observe 
 the particulars given.) 
 
 "IDEAS AND HABITS" OF THE NORTH CONTRASTED WITH THOSE OF 
 
 THE SOUTH. 
 
 Eeader, does it not savor of falsehood and " overstatement," 
 and especially those of you who have not seen the South, and 
 whose " ideas and habits " of farming and making and saving, are 
 so dissimilar from those of the Southern people — you have prac- 
 ticed and are still learning closer lessons in the same direction, "to 
 produce at home, and on your own premises, every article possible, 
 required to meet home consumption," and depending upon no other 
 district or State for that which you may by dint or fair trial, pro- 
 duce yourself. We repeat, does it test your credulity, when we 
 tell you that here in the South, the very reverse practice is the rule. 
 Is it not well calculated to astonish you that any country should 
 gain great wealth, should grow so rapidly rich, as did the South in 
 former years, at the simple production of a few commercial staples, 
 to the neglect, in a great measure, of crops of subsistence, which 
 might not only have been produced in the most ample abundance 
 
16 An Appeal from the 
 
 for home requirements, but likewise, with proper effort, largely for 
 export 9 . Instead of this policy, they did actually import nearly all 
 the necessaries as well as the luxuries of life ! Lands capable of 
 producing corn, wheat, r} T e, oats, potatoes, onions and apples of 
 similar qualities and quantities with those of the celebrated Wabash 
 and Illinois rivers and the praries of the West, and yet these regions 
 find in the South the most liberal customers for their surplus of 
 these identical commodities! 
 
 THE SOUTH IMPORTED NECESSARIES, AS WELL AS LUXURIES, PROM 
 NEW YORK AND NEW ENGLAND, ILLINOIS, OHIO, MICHIGAN, ETC. 
 
 Lands of the South are capable of producing in richest profu- 
 sion and lusciousness the entire tribe of American berries, the apri- 
 cot, the plum, the pear, the grape, the fig, the quince, the peach ; 
 gardens yielding in successive crops almost every month of the 
 year and in their highest perfection the pea, the squash, the bean, the 
 tomato ; cattle, sheep, hogs and fowls accumulating about the farm 
 home, with the least care or expense, requiring little or no shelter, 
 " hay stack " or " corn crib ; " the forests crowding with the greatest 
 varieties and finest qualities of timber ; the mountains burdened with 
 coal and iron ; and yet so intently and solely have the whole popu- 
 lation of the South devoted their means and energies to the cultiva- 
 tion and exportation of the specialties of cotton, sugar, tobacco and rice, 
 as to have ignored any and all other employments, and to have necessi- 
 tated the importation of almost every article comprised in an inven- 
 tory meeting the daily requirements of household, kitchen and 
 farm departments, looking to and deriving from the Northern, East- 
 ern and Western States for their productions, manufactures or importa- 
 tions — of every article, whether of necessity or luxury — cultivating 
 and then shipping in exchange therefor these "gold bearing " pro- 
 ducts of the South, through New York merchants and New England 
 mills and factories ! The South, supplying the raw materials of 
 her own production, upon which have been built the collossal 
 fortunes represented by the one hundred millions value of New Eng- 
 land cotton mills ; New York, the world-wide reputation of her 
 Wall street, the magnificence of her Broadway, and the sumptuous- 
 ness and luxuriousness of her "Fifth Avenue" and " Murry Hill ; " 
 and contributing by these products more largely than all the other 
 sections of the United States combined, to the establishment and 
 sustenance of our national commerce then "covering all seas." 
 
 THE SOUTHS' " GRANARY, FACTORY AND MERCHANT." 
 
 The South received in exchange for her products, those very 
 articles which she could easily have produced herself, of flour, beef, 
 bacon, lard, corn, potatoes, hay. fowls, eggs, butter, soap, starch, 
 vinegar, cheese, candles, oils, plows, wagons, harness, furniture, 
 etc., etc., from Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, Wisconsin and Michigan ; 
 coal, wrought iron, castings, railroad iron, gas pipes, fire grates, 
 chip axes, nails, screws, glassware, drugs, paints, etc., etc., from 
 Pennsylvania ; cotton yarns, sheetings, shirtings, thread, calicoes, 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 17 
 
 cottonades, jeans, satinetts, rat traps, fish hooks, needles pins, boots, 
 shoes, wall paper, cordage, etc., from New England ; and silks, 
 satins, laces, hosiery, clothing, jewelry, watches, plate, pianos, tea, 
 coffee, spices, wines — indeed, with scarcely the exception of one in 
 that long catalogue of items, for the inner or outer man, from the 
 " crown of the head to the sole of the foot" — from the infants' 
 swaddling clothes and cradle to the winding sheet and burial cas- 
 ket ; from the childs' alphabet card and primer to the gold- bound 
 Bible, from the laborers' simplest garb and most frugal platter and 
 couch to the millionaire's most elegant and " recherche " parlor, 
 plate and phaeton, whether of American or foreign production, 
 these supplies were drawn by the South from her great " granary 
 of the West," her '; 'factory of New England," and her " merchant of 
 New York!" 
 
 WHY STAY WHERE YOU ARE? 
 
 Notwithstanding this heavy and continual draft upon the re- 
 sources of the South, wonderiul the assertion, that no people on 
 this or any other continent, ever before grew so easily and rapidly 
 rich from year to year, previous to the recent war, as did those of 
 these Southern States ! Their lavish expenditures of monev was 
 proverbial as Northern merchants, hotels, schools, " Saratogas " and 
 "Newports " can testify, and yet their resources were always amply 
 abundant to meet all these outlays and still leave each year a hand- 
 some increase in wealth. Consider these matters well an d then 
 answer the question, why do you remain where you are and toil from 
 year to year under so many disadvantages of severity and long dura- 
 tion of winters, shortness of cropping and length of feeding and fuel 
 seasons, expensive lands, less valuable products, and constant lia- 
 bility to those lingering and fatal diseases peculiar to the high lati- 
 tude of snow and ice in which you dwell ? 
 
 SOUTH'S WONDERFUL RESOURCES AND PECULIAR ADVANTAGES AND 
 
 "APPEAL." 
 
 If the recital of facts incontrovertible, just made, astonish you 
 listen somewhat further and you will just' begin to appreciate the 
 " wonderful resources and peculiar advantages of the Southern States," 
 and the force of this " appeal " to you and to your neighbors and 
 friends and the " civilized world ! ! 
 
 WHAT THE SOUTH DID IN 1868 AND 18G9— SOUTH'S MUNIFICENT 
 
 INCOME. 
 
 Let us cast up the results in the South since the war. " Let us 
 > see what the Sonth is now doing, and what she is capable of and 
 proposes to do with your help 'in the future. With only abou" one- 
 fourth of the entire area of their land in cultivation, and this, too, 
 of the most inferior order of tillage, in consequence of the ex- 
 tremely limited capital ; the great deficiency and inefficiency of their 
 labor, and the meagre supply and imperfect character of their im- 
 plements and teams ; the people ;of these Southern States, in two 
 years from the conclusion of a devastating war of four years dur- 
 
18 An Appeal from the 
 
 ation, had, not only in a great measure liquidated about one hundred 
 millions of individual past liabilities or " old debts" and accrued inter- 
 est, to the commercial and mercantile communities of the Northern, 
 Eastern and Western States ; but, in addition to having produced of 
 the necessaries of life sufficient for home consumption and laid the 
 foundation for that eminent success now crowning their efforts ; 
 likewise realized as the proceeds of their crop of cotton, sugar, to- 
 bacco, hemp and rice for the year 1868, the enormous income of four 
 hundred millions op dollars ; and after "squaring accounts " with 
 the world, the South absorbed and retained of the great volume of the 
 National currency and "hard money" at least thirty millions of 
 dollars! Their crops of 1869, yielded the grand income of Five 
 Hundred Millions of Dollars ; and as the agricultural community 
 does not now as of olden time, invest in slaves and large land pos- 
 sessions, and from the abstemious and frugal habits acquired during 
 the ordeal of povert} T and destitution to which they had been but 
 so recently subjected, have learned to be content with the com- 
 forts and to dispense with the luxuries of life ; the South will retain 
 and absorb of this year's income, a surplus of not less than Two 
 Hundred Millions of Dollars ! ! 
 
 DIVERSION OF PROFITS TO OTHER PURSUITS. 
 
 Let the South continue this process for ten years, or even less, and 
 who does not perceive the natural and inevitable diversion of this 
 surplus of accumulating profits from agricultural to manufacturing, 
 mining, commercial and other pursuits, and thus, while opening up 
 new enterprises and increasing profits at home, are surely upon 
 the highway for supremacy ! Stranger still, yet none the less true, 
 that in the year of 1867 the South — notwithstanding the discour- 
 agements and disadvantages under which she labored, and that 
 with a population, all told, of white and black, of only about 
 9,600,000 (we shall, for present convenience, use round numbers) 
 did produce and furnish $328,000,000 of the national eocports; 
 while those furnished by Northern, Eastern and Western States 
 combined, and with a population of 25,000,000, and these in posses- 
 sion of every facility of money, labor, protection, quiet, and at the full 
 tide of their prosperity, did not exceed $245,000,000 ! ! 
 comparative exports of north and south. 
 California produced the same year, say $75,000,000 of gold. 
 Now add California's product to that of the $245,000,000 produced 
 and furnished the national exports by the Northern . Eastern and, 
 Western States, combined, and yet the South surpassed them all 
 some $8,000,000 ! The South with only 28 per cent, of the whole 
 population of the United States, and yet producing and supplying, 
 in raw material, 69 per cent, of the exports of the whole country ! 
 Does this not speak VOLUMES ? Then give heed. 
 
 SOUTHERN PRODUCTS THE NATION'S STRENGTH. 
 
 And not of the least consideration, is the fact too, that these 
 " Southern exports" are u gold bearing" or rather gold fetching 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 19 
 
 products— just those which cannot possibly be produced in the 
 Northern, Eastern or Western States, baying not the peculiar 
 adaptation of soil and climate—just those products affording the 
 quantity and quality of " National Income" with which to meet 
 "National Debts"— just those that will most readily and surely 
 
 recover and hold the commerce of the seas, and to fill the whole 
 Union with throng and thrift. 
 
 CAPACITY OF THE SOUTH AND EFFECT OF FULL DEVELOPMENT. 
 
 Who is prepared to estimate the grand total when the fullest 
 development of all these resources shall have been made?" Who 
 doubts the capacity of the South, under such auspices, of supplying 
 the whole world with cotton, sugar, hemp, tobacco, rice, hops, flax, 
 the orange and the fig, " the juice of the grape," " old peach and 
 honey,"' " apple jack," and "pure corn," to which may be added her 
 other capabilities of productions and sources of independence and 
 wealth— that of the wealth of her forests in ship timber, lumber, 
 stave's, rosin, turpentine and tanbark — her mountains and valleys, 
 the iron, coal, copper, lead, gold, tin, kaolin, petroleum, marble, 
 stone, gypsum, marl— from her fields and meadows, beef, pork, 
 mutton, fowls, hides, wool, beans, peas, corn, wheat, barley, hay, 
 potatoes, fruits, etc.; and when such shall have been the develop- 
 ment of the South, and XOT till its nearer approximation will the 
 people of the whole natio,< — North, South, East and West — laugh at 
 the "old fogy" who shall venture in his "fossilism" to complain 
 of "taxes," " hard times," "depreciated currency," "no dividends." 
 
 TIWS DEVELOPMENT AND GRANDEUR HINGES UPON Til E NUMBER AND 
 
 QUALITY OF OTHER POPULATION " PRODUCERS," "UTILIZERS," 
 
 " VITALIZERS." 
 
 This development and this prosperous state of things, are not less 
 possible than tluy are desirable, and the whole question of success 
 hinges upon the introduction to the South of an abundance of that 
 population of honest, industrious, and intelligent producers and 
 developers, with muscle, brain, vim. enterprise, at the touch of 
 whose skill, intelligence and industry shall spring forth like magic 
 the hidden and untold wealth of these resources which a bountiful 
 Providence has lavished upon the South without stint on measure — 
 yea, absolutely "heaped up, pressed down and running over," that 
 population of producers, utilizers, vitalizers of these •• wonder- 
 ful resources" to an extent telling not only upon their own imme- 
 diate interests and the regeneration and' rebuilding of the waste 
 
 places of the South, but would soon present on the ""Weighty 
 Ledger" of the "World's Commerce" a " National- Exchange- 
 Credit- Balance," more potent than the sword, more flippant in 
 Courts than shrewdest diplomatists tongue, and the key to cdl ports, 
 kingdoms and climes, and soon the world, compelled to acknowledge 
 
20 An Appeal from the 
 
 these United States a competitor, without a hopeful rival, and to pay 
 obeisance to a supremacy beyond the reach of an earthly power to 
 dislodge or dethrone — the Agriculturists, the Manufacturer the 
 Shipper — "three in one" — supreme! "The resources" of the 
 South, if vitalized and utilized, would in five years yield a surplus in- 
 come sufficient to pay, honestly, dollar for dollar the last copper and 
 mill of the national debt ! 
 
 If only one branch of these diversified resources of the South — 
 the "Agricultural," and that of only one- fourth of the available 
 lands, and under such an array of most unfavorable circumstances, 
 as heretofore detailed — yielded in 1867 eight millions exports in 
 excess of all the other States combined, an income of four hundred 
 millions in 1868, and five hundred millions in 1869, what figures 
 would aggregate the results of the increase of this area of tillable 
 lands to three- fourths of the whole territory, and the additional 
 increase of productiveness, imparted by the processes and imple- 
 ments of intelligent and scientific cultivation ? The income of one 
 year would meet the " national debt " of two thousand nullum dollars I 
 
 THE " GREAT MISSISSIPPI VALLEY." 
 
 Let us here present, for the consideration of the whole country, 
 some items with regard to the justly celebrated " alluvial lands " of 
 the Mississippi river, or more popularly the great " Mississippi 
 Valley," undoubted the most wonderful fertile country in the known 
 world. Their extent is from near the north line of Tennessee and 
 Arkansas, embracing those counties bordering both sides of the 
 Mississippi river to .New Orleans, but our reference now is more 
 specially to that portion lying between Memphis, Tennessee, and 
 Vicksburg, Mississippi. 
 
 The density of these forests and canebrakes had begun to yield 
 in some measure to the influences of the axeman and the plow- 
 share, and thousands of plantations dotted the shore, until the war 
 came, bringing not only destruction of levees, houses, fences, etc., 
 but likewise such impecuniosity to the owners, as to necessitate 
 for the past five years a most woful neglect and want of progress 
 throughout this magnificent " Valley." They now need but the 
 influences of muscle and capital to vitalize and utilize to the fullest 
 capacity, their yet but partially discovered resources of untold 
 magnitude and wealth, and to impart to " diamonds yet in the 
 rough " a brilliancy and enhancement that would dazzle the world I 
 
 A great " inland sea," extending from the borders of the great 
 Northern lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, in the South, levying tribute 
 from the richness of the soil of all that immense body of country 
 drained by it and its multitude of tributaries, bears this "cream" 
 in solution with its current for deposit, each returning year, on the 
 surface of beds of mold and loam, already in richness, without 
 length, breadth, heighth or depth, from similar processes for accu- 
 mulated centuries, thus placing tar in the distance guano and other 
 commercial fertilizers, both as to quality and cost, as the Missis- 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 21 
 
 sippi water is the best known fertilizer, and costing but that incident 
 to a good system of irrigation, which must soon follow in the wake 
 of the construction of the proposed levee and railroad, hereafter 
 more particularly referred to. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI RIVER LEVEE, RAILROAD, COTTON CULTURE AND COTTON 
 
 MANUFACTURE. 
 
 It is proposed to reclaim and permanently protect the tier of 
 counties on the east side of the Mississippi river by a substantial 
 levee, with a first class railroad on top of this and running parallel 
 with the river from Memphis to Vicksburg. 
 
 To aid this important enterprise bills are before Congress asking 
 for lands and money, and before the Legislature of Mississippi 
 asking a charter for the railroad, and a law providing for such tax- 
 ation on both the lands reclaimed and their products as will guar- 
 antee a sufficient and permanent fund for the perfect and perpetual 
 repairs of the levee. 
 
 The area of land embraced in the counties of the State of Mis- 
 sissippi, thus bordering on the river, between Mc mphis and Vicks- 
 burg, is about 4444 square miles, or 2,844,000 acres ; all of which, 
 except about 500,000 nearest Vicksburg, and which are submerged 
 by the back waters of the Yazoo river, still leaving 2,344,000 acres, 
 which can thus be fully reclaimed and protected, and when placed 
 under cultivation, can be most confidently relied upon for " all time 
 to come," and even with the most ordinary cultivation, for an 
 annual average of one bale (500 pounds lint cotton) per acre ; 
 while no less adapted to the production of the most abundant sup- 
 ply of all those articles necessary to the subsistence of the densest 
 population which may in future years crowd it. The lands nearest 
 the river shore are much higher than those remote, and hence the 
 practicability of a system of irrigation at a cost involving simply 
 that of pumping and hoisting the water from the bed of the river 
 and giving it direction over and beyond the levee to every acre of 
 the great interior. This country is not now subject to drought and 
 perhaps ma}- never be to the same extent as the older countries, 
 but will, of course, be more or less liable, as it may be denuded of 
 the timber and deprived of the moisture produced thereby. 
 
 A portion of these lands are still the property of the States, but 
 the large majority and the more desirable generally, were selected 
 and belong to private individuals, either by entry or purchase, pre- 
 vious to the late war ; and these individual owners have been, since 
 that event, without the requisite labor and means, for either the 
 rebuilding of the former levee, or of extending the area of cultiva- 
 tion, or of even maintaining that status of planting operations, which 
 had been so rapidly gained within a few years previous to the out- 
 break of the war. 
 
 The majority of these owners must sell, because of the inade- 
 quacy of labor and capital to cultivate and develope this property ; 
 otherwise, lands which in former years and when cotton ruled in 
 price at about ten cents per pound, readily commanding from forty 
 
22 An Appeal from the 
 
 to one hundned dollars per acre, would not now be seeking pur- 
 chasers at from ten to thirty dollars per acre for improved, and one 
 to ten for unimproved, and with cotton at double its former price. 
 Now let jowv calm, dispassionate and patriotic statesmen ponder 
 the good results of a kind and fostering care of such momentous 
 and vital interests as are involved in the development of this 
 "Mississippi Valley;" and your shrewdest financiers calculate the 
 inevitable ruin and irremediable loss which will follow that persistent 
 neglect which has been engendered and cherished by corrupt men 
 and factions for individual aggrandizement, sectional interest and 
 political schemes — truly practicing the policy of "killing the goose 
 for the golden egg" — truly " saving at the spile while losing at the 
 bung." What investment of intelligent and honest Congressional 
 aid, can equal the results promise' I by a liberal development of this 
 •• great valley ?" What investment of individual capital and enter- 
 prise on this continent promising so rich and steady an income for 
 ones self and generations after him? Cast up the net earnings 
 of your railroad stocks, your National banks, your ' Pike's Peak ' and 
 "California placers," and how meagre the comparative results, and 
 how uncertain, vascillating, speculative and often deceptive and dis- 
 asterous does the " balance sheet " prove. " Bulling " and " bear- 
 ing" both wear and tear the mind and purse, vex the spirit, harden 
 the heart, till the asylums with wrecks, the prisons with criminals, 
 the graves with untimely victims, and prove but the school for the 
 graduation and greater proficiency of more accomplished and un- 
 scrupulous operators in still more emboldened schemes. 
 
 FIFTY THOUSAND ACRES OF " MISSISSIPPI VALLEY " COTTON PLAN- 
 TATION — COST AND PROFITS ESTIMATED. 
 
 Suppose a few friends combine for the ownership and develop- 
 ment of, say, 50,000 acres of the "Mississippi Valley " lands, with 
 the capital and enterprise to purchase and improve in the best and 
 most substantial manner ; to introduce the most approved imple- 
 ments and culture and the most reliable labor, as well as the most 
 experienced and practical superintendents ; and in every respect to 
 endeavor to reach the highest standard of development, and put 
 to the utmost test and excellency the capacity of their resources 
 for wealth and productiveness ; and here profit and pleasure would 
 go hand in hand, and permanent foundations laid for munificent 
 incomes and magnificent heritages for the founders and their gene- 
 rations to come. 
 
 After the purchase of the lands, it would be necessary to im- 
 prove with a sufficiency of comfortable dwellings for the superin- 
 tendents and laborers, with their families, barnes, stables, fences, 
 first class fire proof gins and storage houses, and to secure the best 
 work stock, implements, seeds, etc. 50,000 acres may now be se- 
 lected, with an aggregate of at least 20,000 acres already cleared 
 and ready for immediate cultivation, to which might be conveni- 
 ently added and without material interference with the crop opera- 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 23 
 
 tions, at least 5,000 acres of new clearings annually, until not less 
 than 'four-fifths of the whole purchase had been placed under culti- 
 vation. Take the figures below as a close approximate : 
 
 DEBIT FIRST YEAR. 
 
 To 50,000 acres Plantation Lands, maximum per acre, $25 $1,250,000 
 
 5 first class fire-proof brick warehouses 50,000 
 
 10 first class fire-pooof brick cotton gin houses 50,000 
 
 20 Superintendents' wooden dwellings, at $750 each 15,000 
 
 500 Laborers' wooden dwellings, at $200 each 10 'nnn 
 
 Barns, Stables, etc., for "work" stock -rw!n 
 
 1000 first class work mules and horses, $175 175,000 
 
 1000 first class plows and scrapers, $10 10 w!n 
 
 1 "Engine of all work " 8 ;000 
 
 1000 Setts Work Harnes, $7 JijJJO 
 
 20 Four-Horse Wagons, $150 3,000 
 
 20 Four-Horse Wagon Harness, $50 1,000 
 
 20 Yokes of Oxen, $100 2,J<X> 
 
 5 Ox Wagons, $150... 750 
 
 1000 Weeding Hoes, $1 \^\ 
 
 1000 Chop Axes, $1 }<°AJJ 
 
 Carpenters and Smiths' tools 1,000 
 
 Cooking, Table and Household Utensils 5,000 
 
 One year's subsistence for 2000 laborers 200,000 
 
 One year's subsistence for work stock, cattle, etc 7o,000 
 
 200 Milch Cows and 500 Head of Hogs ^'iSS 
 
 Medicine Chest and attendance one year 2,000 
 
 Contingent fund 20,000 
 
 Baling' and rope for 15,000 bales cotton, first year oO.UOO 
 
 Six per cent, Interest on above one year 117,105 
 
 Ten per cent, depreciation by wear and tear of stock, tools, etc 10,162 
 
 Laborers' wages one vear, 2000 at $200 each 400,000 
 
 20 Superintendents' wages, first year, $1000 each 2 ~'™n 
 
 Salary of office man and assistant ',^00 
 
 Office Stationery, safe, etc., first year 500 
 
 Total debt first year $2,507,017 
 
 CREDIT FIRST YEAR. 
 
 By Proceeds of 15,000 acres cultivated in cotton, say 15,000 bales 
 
 (500 pounds each), 75,000,000 lbs at 20c ^'^'SK 
 
 Proceeds 500 acres in grain, hay, vegetables, etc io'-'nnn 
 
 Appreciation in land of 50,000 acres, 10 per cent 125 ,000 
 
 Increase of stock of cattle, hogs, etc., 75 per cent 6-000 
 
 Total credit first year $1,710,000 
 
 DEBIT SECOND YEAR. 
 
 To six per cent. Interest on aforementioned $1,951,750 $ 117,105 
 
 Contingent fund • 20,000 
 
 Deficiency to meet subsistence account for laborers and stock and 
 
 not produced first year on the premises 10 °'°aa 
 
 Bailing and rope for 20,000 bales cotton GG ' ( 1 >( !^ 
 
 Depreciation in work stock, implements, etc., 10 per cent 10. ,162 
 
 Wages of 2000 laborers at $200 each 400,000 
 
 Additional improvements on 5000 acres, clearing 5,00i 
 
 Superintendents' wages for the year 2 J' ( ^ 
 
 Office man and assistant's salary i,M0 
 
 Total debit second vear $ 745,767 
 
24 An Appeal from the 
 
 CREDIT SECOND YEAR. 
 
 Bv Proceeds 20,000 acres cotton, say 20,000 bales, 100,000,000 pounds 
 
 at 20c $2,000,000 
 
 Proceeds 5000 acres in grain, hay, vegetables, etc 100,000 
 
 Appreciation in value of 50,000 acres of land, 10 per cent 125,000 
 
 Increase in hogs, cattle, etc., 75 per cent 6,000 
 
 Total credit second year $2,231,000 
 
 RECAPITULATION. 
 
 Credit by first vear's operations, gross $1,716,000 
 
 " " second year's operations, gross 2,231,000— $3,947,000 
 
 Debit to first year's operations, gross $2,507,017 
 
 " " second year's operations, gross 745,767 — $3,252,784 
 
 By balance credit at end of two years $ 694,216 
 
 Now here is exhibited an investment made in lands which are 
 now intrinsically worth four fold, or more than the price paid for 
 them, and which will increase in value from year to year just in 
 proportion as they may be developed. Most liberal prices have 
 teen allowed in all the above estimates in the purchase of lands, 
 their improvement, outfit and cultivation?, as well as six per cent, 
 interest per annum on this outlay, in the aggregate of 81,594,750; 
 a discount of ten per cent, for depreciation by wear and tear of 
 stock, implements, harness, etc., and at the end of two years own- 
 ing an improved plantation estate, stocked and ready to repeat like 
 operations, worth by actual cost and legitimate appreciation, $1,- 
 824,426, which has not only paid for itself and all running expenses, 
 besides §694,216, net, cash surplus, out of its own productions ! 
 
 This will apply to similar enterprises whether of smaller or 
 larger dimensions, even to the extent of the 2,344,000 acres of 
 " Mississippi Valley " lands between Memphis and Vicksburg, or 
 even to include the whole " Mississippi alluvials " of both the States 
 of Mississippi and Arkansas, aggregating 8,000,000 acres. The 
 average cost of these lands, a very small proportion being im- 
 proved, would not at present exceed ten dollars per acre. Thus : 
 
 8,000,000 acres at $10 00 $80,000,000 
 
 500 miles levee at $20,000 per mile 10,000,000 
 
 500 miles railway at 30,000 per mile 15,000,000 
 
 $105,000,000 
 To which add for clearing and otherwise improving same, and 
 the running cultivation expenses for first year, 50 per cent, 
 on above cost of lands, levee, railway, etc 52,500,000 
 
 Total cost $157,500,000 
 
 The proceeds of 6,000,000 acres cultivated in cotton, for the 
 first year would be 6,000,000 bales of cotton at $100 00 per bale, 
 $600,000,000. The remaining 2,000,000 acres will supply the most 
 abundant subsistence to sustain the cotlon crop. Would five years 
 elapse before the whole national debt could be cancelled ? Would 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 25 
 
 five years not only restore to our commerce its former prestige, 
 but absolutely establish our supremacy of the seas ? Is there 
 another nation who would so neglect, despise and trample, as 
 " swine doth the pearls under their feet," these resources and 
 advantages ? 
 
 Now" add to these productions and results of the "Mississippi 
 Tally," the other of the broad extent of "uplands" throughout 
 the whole "cotton belt" of these Southern States; for bear in 
 mind, we have taken into the foregoing estimates, only a small 
 proportion, comparatively, of our cotton territory ; and would five 
 years have elapsed before orders and vessels would come pouring 
 in from all other nations for "American cotton?" 
 
 Let not sectional prejudices and corrupt politicians longer block 
 the highway to national progress and industrial enterprise. Push 
 these estimates of the South's resources and advantages still further 
 and somewhat nearer their limit, if limit they have. 
 
 '/WORLD'S SUPPLY" OF COTTON POWER OP AMERICAN COTTON — 
 
 AMERICAN COTTON — MANUFACTURES — BOTTOM Y. 
 
 Increase the average of cotton alone to the production of the 
 "world's supply" — say 10,000,000 bales — and what effect would it 
 produce ? England m ust have cotton or her people starve for bread! 
 England must have American cotton or succumb to New England 
 spindles because England cannot in all her provinces produce either 
 that quantity or quality required to meet her requirements and a 
 successful competition with New England mills' products. As 
 America can produce not only a sufficiency to meet the world's de- 
 mand, but of a better quality and at a cheaper cost of production it 
 necessarily follows that England and the balance of the world will be 
 forced to obtain American cotton now; soon in " American bottoms " 
 and eventually and irrevocably " American cotton" in " American man- 
 ufactures" by "American bottoms!" 
 
 SOUTHERN COTTON FIELD — COTTON MILL. 
 
 Now this same process of reasoning may be applied to New 
 England and the South, except with this additional and unconquerable 
 advantage to the South, to- wit: Close proximity of " cotton field " 
 and "cotton mill." This is absolutely insurmountarle ! By way 
 of illustrating what is now being actually demonstrated in the South 
 — true only yet in a small measure compared with New England — 
 but as "large oaks from little acorns grow," so may an "over - 
 shado ving tree " come of this beginning of the South. Let us here 
 make an exhibit of the facts, showing the great superiority and 
 profit of " cotton manufacturing " in the Southern over New England 
 or any other country. Let us take Memphis, Tennessee, for ex- 
 ample, as this is the most acceptable and desirable mart for obtain- 
 ing, in abundance, those beautiful and desirable "upland cottons," 
 and so favorably known and sought for by both old and New 
 England. 
 
 Excuse the detail and the tardiness of our illustration, as this ia 
 
26 J_n Appeal from the 
 
 absolutely necessary for the proper understanding of those not 
 familiar with "cotton culture," "cotton ginning," "cotton mer- 
 chant," "cotton market," " cotton mills," etc. The cotton is picked 
 from the cotton field (lint adhering closely to the seed), and is th^n 
 "ginned" by the planter — this process of separating by machinery 
 the seed and lint — and this lint is the cotton afterward baled and 
 ready for market, and with which all are more or less familiar. 
 Now it is utterly impracticable to remove this "picked cotton " in 
 the bulk to any distant points, and can only be done after its prepara- 
 tion by "ginning and baling, 1 ' the bulkness of such freight "in the 
 loose," and the extra hazardous risk, absolutely precludes any 
 other mode than one similar to the present of the preparation and 
 removal of the raw cotton to other and distant markets. {Keep this 
 in view, it will become an item of moment before we close, and we 
 desire that you consider well the entire footing of the account.) 
 
 To "gin and bale" this cotton, costs money; to transport that 
 cotton to the nearest depot or market, costs money; to deposit 
 with or consign that cotton, as is the custom of the planter, to his 
 commission merchant or cotton factor, for his disposal of same 
 and the account of its proceeds to the planter, costs money. 
 
 Ten per cent, in kind or cash, is the customary charge for the 
 labor of " ginning and baling" cotton. To this ten per cent add 
 baling and rope, cost of transportation to nearest home market, 
 cost of merchant's or factor's bill for storage, fire insurance, sam- 
 plage, drayage and commissions (and here ceases the planter's 
 connection and costs, and the " cotton spinner" or "cotton mill" 
 begins operations for supply, etc). The "cotton spinner," through 
 his agent, the "cotton broker," has orders for cotton supplies filled, 
 to which the broker adds another bill of charges in the items of 
 fire insurance, drayage, exchange and commissions, and ships liable 
 to the further additional charges of insurance in transitu, transpor- 
 tation, interest, wastage — costing just twenty-two dollars and fifty cents 
 per bale of 500 pounds from the "cotton field" within five miles of the 
 City of Memphis, Tenn., to the cotton mill of Providence, R. I., or 
 Lowell, Massachusetts, and to England the additional cost between 
 New York, Liverpool and Manchester. Please keep this item of twenty- 
 two and a half dollars in mind, for we shall have use for it soon. 
 Two thousand pounds of " seed cotton " as obtained by picking 
 from the cotton field, will yield one bale, or 500 pounds of " lint 
 cotton." This seed would be valueless, or nearly so, to New Eng- 
 land, as this sacking and removal thereto would cost more than 
 their value. Keep this in mind also. New England " cotton mills " 
 averaging a net dividend of ten per cent, per annum on the " station- 
 ary investment of capital incorporated in the material and construc- 
 tion of the mills and machinery, their " active " or "commercial" 
 capital entering into the constantly changing operations of buying 
 "raw cotton supplies" and selling their " cotton fabrics. 
 
 PROFITS OF NEW ENGLAND " COTTON MILLS." 
 
 To illustrate a "cotton mill" complete, and of the capacity for 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 27 
 
 the consumption or manufacture of three thousand bales of cotton 
 per aunum, costs the sum of two hundred thousand dollars, the 
 " stationary capital." 
 
 The Nqw England mill, costing $200,000, yielding a net profit 
 of ten per cent, per annum, gives as the entire sum of profit just 
 $20,000, (twenty thousand dollars,) and while this certainly is a com- 
 fortable dividend — brought fortunes to New England and " lordly 
 estates " to England — they are comparative]}' but a "shadow to the 
 huge proportions " of that which may and will yet be done, and 
 now in embryo at the South. Let us see the result of comparison : 
 "Cotton mills" Xorth and "cotton mills" South, calling to our aid 
 the items of "ginning and baling," and that of cost of transporta- 
 tion &c, aggregated in that necessary and unavoidable actual cost 
 of "twenty-two and a half dollars''' per bale, from "cotton field" of 
 the South to " cotton mill" of New England. 
 
 PROFITS OF SOUTHERN " COTTON MILLS." 
 
 A " cotton mill " of similar model, capacity and cost, built at Memphis, 
 working the same quality of cotton, into the same quantities and 
 qualities of fabrics, and selling at the same prices as the New 
 England mill, can (and has been done already in the South and 
 even much more) declare and have in hand an annual dividend of 
 
 tender cent, on $200,000 $ 20,000 
 
 A " Gin attachment" of "first water " may cost, say $ 2,000 
 
 An "Oil Machinery attachment ! * 25,000 
 
 No difiiculty in obtaining at Memphis an equivalent to 3000 bales, or 
 even five times that amount in cotton as it is picked from the field 
 and delivering same at the "gin attachment" of the "cotton mill," 
 and thus saving or making the ten per cent. " ginning," which on 
 
 3000 bales, is just 300 bales toll at $100 each 30,000 
 
 The seed obtained by " ginning," say from 3000 bales, carried through 
 the " oil machinery attachment," and its conversion thereby into 
 
 " cotton seed oil " and " oil cake," returns just $21 per bale 63,000 
 
 Now add to these, that unavoidable cost of twenty-4,wo and a half dol- 
 lars per bale on 3000 bales and we have the very snug dividend, 
 saved.... 67,500 
 
 $180,500 
 
 The " Memphis mill " costing the same (and the additional "gin 
 and oil attachment of $27,000), consuming an equal amount and 
 quality of cotton, converted into like fabrics, and sold at same 
 prices, yielding a dividend nine times greater than the "New England 
 mill!! r 
 
 A "cotton mill" at Augusta, Ga., costing just $200,000 (and 
 without "gin and oil attachment") in less than ten years returned 
 to the proprietors, out of its net profits, not only its entire original 
 cost and that of extensive additions and improvements made in the 
 meantime at an established cash value of $900,000 ; free from debt ; 
 and has on hand a surplus of nearly a quarter of a million of dol- 
 lars, after paying over a million of dollars dividend — and all this 
 done out of its own earnings I ! 
 
28 jin Appeal from the 
 
 "KING COTTON" OTHER MANUFACTURERS — MEMPHIS, TENNNESSEE — 
 
 POPULATION — SURROUNDING COUNTRY — PRODUCTIVE LANDS. 
 
 The South has now running and in course of construction, only 
 about eighty "cotton mills," and the majority of these of small 
 and inferior capacity, while the Northern States have some six 
 hundred, and many of them of the highest capacity. The United 
 States consume now about 1,000,000 bales of our present average 
 crop of 2,500,000 bales. Our maximum crop before the war ap- 
 proximated closely to 5,000,000 bales, our capacity is unlimited, 
 even to the supply of the world. Now how long before the United 
 States will require all the cotton we are producing? How long 
 before the South will require herself, all the cotton she may pro- 
 duce ? When the South shall have reached that point in her 
 destiny of producing, manufacturing and shipping the " worlds' sup- 
 ply" of cotton, and that only and after its conversion at home into 
 the best and last convertible and merchantable shape, who will say 
 that " cotton has not demonstrated and established its right to regal 
 honors?" Poor, abused " king," and by none more neglected than 
 by the sons of his own clime and home ! Not only will the manu- 
 facture of cotton pay well in the South, but great profit is to be 
 derived from the manufacture of woolen fabrics, leather and leather 
 goods, coopers' ware, house furnituie, agricultural implements, 
 earthern ware, railroad cars, hardware, paper stock, etc. With a 
 thorough knowledge of the country, we are free to advise those 
 who may feel interested and propose domiciling South, to make the 
 CITY of MEMPHIS, Tenn., the initial and central point of your 
 tours of inspection of the South, for we are well assured in our 
 own minds, that within a compass of one hundred and fifty to two hun- 
 dred miles of this city, as a focal point, that a greater combination of 
 advantages are to be found than in any other portion of the United 
 States of equal compass. It is a growing city of about 60,000 popu- 
 lation, and in the midst of a country on all sides of most unusual 
 fertility, and susceptible of producing the finest yields and best 
 qualities of cotton, corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, potatoes, onions, 
 turnips, cabbage, beans, peas, melons, peaches, apples, pears, grapes, 
 berries, sorghum, broom corn, flax, hops, castor oil beans, peanuts, 
 as well as clover, blue grass, timothy and millet ; in close prox- 
 imity and of easy transportation, of walnut, oak, maple, hickory, 
 and of coal, iron, stone, tan bark, hides, wool, etc., etc., thus afford- 
 ing abundantly and cheaply the materials both for subsistence and 
 manufacturing. The city presents a fine field for manufacturing 
 enterprises in nearly every branch, and a wide field " without home 
 competition," for the distribution and profitable sale of their pro- 
 ducts over the States of Tennessee, Southern Missouri, Arkansas, 
 Mississippi and Alabama. 
 
 The cotton trade (raw cotton) of Memphis amounts at present 
 to about 300,000 bales per annum, with gradually increasing re- 
 ceipts, promising to become in a few years second only to New 
 Orleans as a cotton port. 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES. 
 
 All branches of mercantile and commercial pursuits are largely 
 and most energetically represented, while more mechanical and 
 manufacturing enterprises are much needed. The Mississippi 
 river is here navigable for the largest class of steamers during the 
 whole year and the wharf is daily lined with steamers plying this 
 "great inland sea" and its multitude of tributaries, reaching out 
 and extending almost from the Alleghany to the Rocky Mountains 
 east and west, and from the great " Northern Lakes " on the North 
 to the Gulf of Mexico on the South. 
 
 RAILROADS PRESENT AND PROSPECTIVE. 
 
 The Memphis and Charleston railroad opens up a direct com- 
 munication on the east with North Mississippi, North Alabama, 
 Georgia, Middle and East Tennessee, Carolinas, Virginia, and with 
 all the ports of the Atlantic coast, from Mobile, Ala., to New York 
 and Boston, and will no doubt be the " eastern division " of the 
 "Grand Trunk Railway" from Norfolk, Virginia, to San Diego on 
 the Pacific, of which the Memphis and Little Rock railroad, whose 
 construction is nearing completion, becomes a part of the "western 
 division." 
 
 The Mississippi and Tennessee railroad connects Memphis on 
 the south, down through the center of the States of Mississippi 
 and Louisiana with New Orleans and with her contemplated con- 
 nections via Grenada and Meridian with Mobile and Pensacola, and 
 via Yazoo Valley and Vicksburg, a short line to New Orleans and 
 Texas. 
 
 The Memphis and Louisville railroad brings us in direct com- 
 munication on the north with all the Ohio river and lake cities, as 
 well as with the Atlantic ports on the east and California on the 
 west. 
 
 The Memphis and Selma railroad, crossing Mississippi and pen- 
 etrating to Selma and gaining communication with all the interior 
 and coast of Alabama, Georgia and eastern Florida, and uniting at 
 Memphis with the projected Memphis and Kansas railroad. 
 
 The Mississippi River railroad, direct line from Memphis to 
 Cairo and Paducah, is now, under most favorable auspices, likely 
 soon to be completed. 
 
 The Memphis and St. Louis railroad also promises an early and 
 vigoi*ous prosecution of present contract to completion. 
 
 Other lines will soon be under way. Thus you discover some- 
 what of the natural and artificial advantages of Memphis and the 
 country surrounding it. 
 
 COST OF TRANSPORTATION TO MEMPHIS. 
 
 To reach Memphis, emigrants rates, about half that of a first 
 class ticket, all rail, which latter from Chicago is about $20, and 
 from New York or Boston $36 to $38. Excursion " special rates" 
 may be obtained on all the lines leading from the Western, North- 
 
30 An Appeal from the 
 
 ern and Eastern States to Memphis and other points, by communi- 
 cating with "I. B. Yates, Esq., Agent of Southern railroads, No. 
 229 Broadway, New York," or with 
 
 Yours most respectfully, 
 
 DONOHO, JOY & CO. 
 Southern Real Estate and Emigration Agency, Memphis, Teun. 
 Memphis, Tenn., July 1, 1870. 
 
 SOUTHERN WHEAT. 
 
 Millions of acres of land are on the market, and ranging in 
 price for unimproved from one to five dollars, and improved at five 
 to forty dollars per acre. They can be bought for cash much 
 cheaper than on any other terms, but without difficulty one-fourth 
 to one-half cash, and deferred payments with interest for balance, 
 at from one to five years. And there can be no question in the 
 policy of buying lands costing onby from five to forty dollars, 
 yielding in crops fifty to one hundred dollars per acre each year. 
 These lands will do so in cotton, or give you more and an earlier 
 wheat, for which you can always obtain a quicker market and a 
 higher price, as early " Southern wheat " for fancy " Southern new 
 flour" in the Northern markets is ever in demand. 
 
 IRISH POTATOES. 
 
 The yield in " Irish potatoes " can be made, with proper culture, 
 to reach from one hundred and fifty to two hundred bushels for 
 the earliest crop, and these shipped to Cincinnati, Chicago and 
 St. Louis, six weeks in advance of their seasons, at from seven to 
 twelve dollars per barrel. The same ground again prepared and 
 planted with your later crop of potatoes, and these afterward 
 gathered and cellared for winter use, and the same ground again pre- 
 pared and planted in turnips or rye, all in one season ! 
 
 PEACHES AND BERRIES. 
 
 Allthe berries, peaches and pears can be most successfully cultiva- 
 ted here, and not only marketed by express trains to Northern cities 
 at great profit, but they may be canned and preserved where they 
 grow so cheaply and abundantly, and "drive out" of New Nork. 
 Baltimore and Boston, the whole peach, pear and berry products 
 of New York and New Jersey, both in quality and cheapness ! 
 
 SWEET POTATOES. 
 
 Sweet potatoes can be produced here at the rate of two hundred 
 to five hundred bushels to the acre, and at a cost of thirty to forty 
 cents per bushel, and sold in the fall and winter markets of Chicago, 
 Buffalo, Albany, New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, etc., 
 at from ten cents per pound to ten dollars per bushel ! 
 
Southern to the Northern States. 31 
 
 PEANUTS. 
 
 Peanuts ma} 7- be grown even on the thinnest land, planted, culti- 
 vated and " laid by " in ninety days, gathered at the rate of one 
 hundred to two hundred bushels to the acre, dried, sacked and ship- 
 ped to Northern or Western States from Maine to Oregon, with a 
 ready market, at from four to six dollai'S per bushel ! One man 
 can cultivate "his bread and hay," besides twenty acres or more 
 in peanuts or potatoes. These lands may be obtained in any sized 
 tracts, from eighty to one thousand acres, or in large bodies for 
 colonies. 
 
 COLONIES. 
 
 COLONIES OF SETTLERS ADVICE TO THEM. 
 
 And we would by all means advise the "colony plan" as the best, 
 say ten, twenty, a hundred, or a thousand families combine to 
 emigrate South ; let them select and send from their number a few 
 good and reliable men to come down to inspect and locate, and then return 
 and make their report of the place, quality, price, quantity, advan- 
 tages &c, of the location, and if possible, to have arranged with 
 some reliable agency in the South, all the details of closing convey- 
 ances, correspondence, arranging transportation and general con- 
 sultation, and such a colony is likely to secure a good location and 
 to move advisedly in all the details of the enterprise, avoid false 
 Bteps and "swindles." Let each family bring their household and 
 kitchen furniture, agricultural implements, garden and field seeds, 
 meat and flour enough to reach the first crop, stock hogs, fowls, 
 sheep and milch cows, for, if you have them already or should 
 have to buy them there, they will cost, even with freight added, 
 much less than would have to be paid here for them. Let each 
 sueh colony, if possible, bring their friends, neighbors, " kith and 
 kin," teacher and preacher and a home-like feeling is at once 
 established and this latter clause applies equally to 
 
 COLONIES OF LABORERS WHO MAY PURPOSE COMING SOUTH. 
 
 They may not be able to come first on an inspection of the 
 advantages here ottered them and for their benefit we will endeavor 
 to advise them of the kind and manner, prices, terms, &c, of labor 
 and the cost, manner, and routes of reaching Memphis. 
 
 ADVICE TO THEM. 
 
 Five, ten, twenty, or more families should come together, as 
 these, and many times a greater number, may be employed upon 
 the same or adjoining plantations. Let none come unadvisedly and 
 upon the bare representation of strangers or mere " Labor Brokers " 
 or other agencies, caring neither for your comfort and interest, nor 
 for that of the employer, for whom they profess to be engaging 
 
32 An Appeal from the 
 
 your services, so they but make money out of it. Beware of all 
 such traps, and go into this matter advisedly, and even then with 
 all the care you can exercise, make up your minds to endure some 
 privations, disappointments, and obstacles, unavoidable, in locating 
 in a new and strange country, with the habits and customs of 
 whose people and ideas and ways of doing farm and other work 
 you are so little acquainted. 
 
 Eeferring you now directly back in this volume to our remarks 
 
 as to what class of laboring citizens the South desired and were 
 
 laboring for, we beg to say that if you, dear reader, are one of that 
 
 class, the door- way is open and clear to you, and here is the way 
 
 ' of getting here and finding employment. 
 
 GENERAL DIRECTIONS. LABOR, ORDERS AND CONTRACTS FOR THE 
 
 SOUTH. 
 
 Advise how many families and laborers desire to come, and 
 what employment is desired, and at what time you propose and 
 can come. Arrangements will be made here with responsible 
 planters, and who will be delighted to have their plantations filled 
 with sensible, industrious and sober men, and among whose family 
 and those of all his neighbors, the girls, unmarried women and 
 boys may find kind homes and employment as cooks, washers 
 and " help " gen erally, and at good wages. Planters who will 
 through our firm agree to file their orders and authorize us to close 
 the contracts for a specified number of laborers, minutely stating 
 the location of the plantation, the county, State, and route of reach- 
 ing same from Memphis, the character and amount of labor to be 
 performed, the amount of wages and terms of payment, the living 
 accommodations, and who will, if necessary, advance and deposit 
 a sufficient amount of money to pay the transportation of the 
 laborers and their families, from the Northern, Western or Eastern 
 States, Canada, or Europe, (at emigrants' rates of fare). This ad- 
 vance, as well as any others which may thereafter be advanced for 
 subsistence or other necessaries, to be deducted from said laborers' 
 wages or " share of crop," as may be the case. 
 
 "Labor Contracts" on Southern plantations have necessarily to 
 be made for one year, or from the beginning of the crop seasons to 
 the end of that year, as it requires in planting, cultivating, gath- 
 ering and marketing the crops, and therefore monthly engagements 
 for farm labor are very difficult and unsatisfactory when made. 
 
 WAGES FOR FARM HANDS. 
 
 Good farm hands can obtain employment with and under the 
 personal direction of practical planters, the first year two hundred 
 dollars ($200) and board. This guarantees living expenses first 
 year and affords the opportunity of acquiring a sufficient knowl- 
 edge and experience in the cultivation and management of South- 
 ern crops, to enable you the following year to either obtain higher 
 wages or set upon your own account on rent or lease. 
 
Southern to the .Yorthern States, 33 
 
 StJAliK OK Cliol- 
 
 The " share of crop" system, we regard as the best for both 
 planter and laborer. The planter furnishes the land, bouses to live 
 in. teams and their subsistence, implements and seed, as capital; 
 against the laborer's services in planting, cultivating, gathering and 
 marketing the crops, attending the stock, chopping wood, fencing, 
 etc.. and after deducting any and all advances of money or other 
 means, beyond and above those stipulated "to be furnished" by the 
 planter, as per contract, the remainder of the entire cropmade, or the 
 proceeds thereof to be equally divided between the planter 
 
 AND LABORER. 
 
 The planter is quite willing, further, to loan the families of 
 such laborers, milch cows sufficient for their home use, on the 
 pledge of their good care and return in due season. They are also 
 willing to advance all such families, a number of hogs and fowls. 
 the proceeds of their issue to be equally divided, as arc the crops: 
 thus giving a fine opportunity to poor families to acquire cheaply 
 and readily a stock of hogs and fowls to begin for themselves. 
 
 WHAT A FAMILY MAY DO. 
 
 On this -share of crop " system an industrious family may 
 i lear, by their own labor, from $300 to $1000 a year per full hand, 
 and with this amount a good, snug home may be purchased and 
 improved, and any balances due on its original purchase or the 
 stocking of same, may be easily met out of the following crops. 
 This can be done in the South more easily and certainly than in 
 any section of the Union. Farm employment may be obtained 
 this year ( L870), in consequence of the great scarcity of labor, in 
 wages of $16 f < > $17 per month from about the first of September 
 ;i cotton picking, chopping, fencing, etc., until the first of Janu- 
 ary, at which time new contracts are entered into forthe year, either 
 at wages or on -shares." as may be mutually agreed. We would 
 advise all who can to come at that period, and try the experiment, 
 and they will be be better prepared to know for themselves, on the 
 first of the new year, what and with whom are the best contracts 
 to l>e made. 
 
 • Wool) CHOPPERS." 
 
 Wood choppers' wages from $1 per cord to $40 per month. 
 Levee and railroad hands from $1 50 per day and " found" to $2 per 
 day, and $40 per month and work winter ami summer. 
 
 'MAN AND WIFE," "COOKS-," "WASHERS," BOYS 1 AND MECHANICS' 
 
 WAGES. 
 Man ami wife — the •man of all work" at gardening, chopping 
 tire wood, making fires, feeding stock, driving teams, etc., and his 
 wife to cool,, wash, iron. milk. etc. Wages, $325 to $350 per year 
 for the two and their board. 
 
 Girls and unmarried women as house " help," cooking, washing, 
 ironing, chambermaids, seamstresses, nurses, etc.. at wages, accord - 
 3 
 
DEC 19 1903 
 
 34 An Appeal 
 
 ing to proficiency, at from eight to fifteen dollars per month, and 
 half grown boys at wages of from five to eight dollars per month. 
 Carpenters, masons, smiths, etc., at wages of from two and-a-half 
 to three and- a- half dollars per day. 'The belter plan for mechanics. 
 however, is to combine a number of one trade under one £; boss-ship," 
 and open shops here on their own account and independently of 
 others, as the South yet aftords so few shops, comparatively, as to 
 justify the expectation only to a very limited extend of -jour." or 
 " job work'." 
 
 COST OF REACHING MEMPHIS. 
 
 To reach Memphis from any of the Northwestern Stales, we 
 can arrange for emigrant transportation, adults from Chicago, all 
 rail, to Memphis, for from ten and-a-half to twelve dollars. From 
 New York city, via ••Southern route," to Memphis for aboui 
 twenty dollars each adult. From Liverpool, England, via steam 
 to America, and thence all rail to Memphis, tor about sixty do! 
 lars in currency, and from Germany, Norway. Sweeden and Den- 
 mark, for about seventy-five dollars in currency, and are prepared 
 to issue foreign tickets by choice of several first class lines of 
 steamers plying between Europe and America. 
 
 Now, deai' reader, if we have failed herein to give such inform- 
 ation about the •• wonderful resources and peculiar advantages" of 
 the South, the present true sentiments of the people and their 
 noble purposes and efforts for the future, their requirements and 
 peculiarities, the inducements offered to capital, labor and enter- 
 prise, the character, price and terms of Labor, etc.. etc. we beg to 
 refer you to the "Catalogue of Southern Real Estate," hereunto 
 appended, and invite your t'vev correspondence and personal inter 
 views upon all matters touching the Southern, and more especially 
 the city of Memphis and that magnificent country around and 
 tributary to her commerce, to-wit: Tennessee, Arkansas. South 
 Missouri, North and Central Mississippi, and North and Central 
 Alabama, referring you. most respectfully, to the list of Nubstan- 
 tial referees, accompanying this volume. We are. 
 
 Yours. &C, 
 
 DON OHO, JOY & CO., 
 
 Memphis. Tenn. 
 
W. B. DON OHO. 
 
 LEVI JOY. 
 
 H. D. BULK LEY 
 
 Jl/ '\¥' 2Hlt 'I*/ rH' U 'I 
 
 ®f 
 
 City of Memphis and Southern 
 
 Stilt CBsts 
 
 AND — 
 
 EMIQRATtOM AilMBV, 
 
 N. W. Cor. Main & Madison Streets, 
 
 Wm 
 
 Sales, Purchases, Exchanges or Trades negotiated for 
 all species of Real Estate South, City or Country, 
 Improved or Unimproved; Cotton, Sugar or 
 Tobacco Plantations ; Stock, Fruit, Market 
 or Dairy Farms ; Town, School or Manu- 
 facturing Sites; Mineral Property, 
 Railroad Interests or large bodies 
 of Land for Speculation or 
 Colonization. 
 
 We, the undersigned, take pleasure in recommending Messrs. Donoho, 
 Joy & Co. as gentlemen of strictest integrity and business capacity, and en- 
 titled to the most generous confidence and patronage. We earnestly desire, and 
 augur for them the greatest success in their enterprise. 
 
 JOHN W. LEPTWICH, Mayor of Memphis, Tenn. 
 
 W. H. CHERRY, President Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 M. J. WICKS, President Memphis and Charleston Railroad Company. 
 V A. WOODRUFF, President Memphis and Ohio Railroad Company. 
 
 F. M. WHITE, President Mississippi and Tennessee Railroad Company. 
 
 R. C. BRINKLEY, President Memphis aed Little Rock Railroad Comp"any. 
 
 F. S. DAVIS, President First National Bank. 
 
 H. A. PARTEE, Cashier Merchants' National Bank. 
 
 JAMES ELDER, President DeSoto Bank. 
 
 I. B. KIRTLAND, President Jackson Insurance Company. 
 
 J. J. MURPHY, President Memphis Bank. 
 v W. C. McCLURE, Cashier Savings Bank of Memphis. 
 
 INTERVIEWS AND CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 
 
 SEND FOR CIRCULAR OR PAMPHLET. 
 
 107 89 d| 
 

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