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 RECOLLECTIONS 
 
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 OF THE 
 
 (§1& ^orouglj of ffll|^ster 
 
 From 1834 to 1850 
 
 OF THE STREETS, HOUSES, PLACES OF BUSI- 
 NESS, INHABITANTS, AND GENERAL 
 SURROUNDINGS; TAKING IN PART OF 
 THE:0LD WILMINGTON ROAD AND OF 
 THE OLD CONCORD ROAD. 
 
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 By Geo 
 
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 BEFORE 
 
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 The Delaware County Historical 
 Society 
 
 MAY 31st, 1917 
 
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 Press of Chester Times, Chester. Pa. 
 
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 RECOLLECTIONS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 From 1834 to 1850 
 
 OF THE STREETS, HOUSES, PLACES OF BUSI- 
 NESS, INHABITANTS, AND GENERAL 
 SURROUNDINGS; TAKING IN PART OF 
 THEIOLD WILMINGTON ROAD AND OF 
 THE OLD CONCORD ROAD. 
 
 By Geo. E. Dai^Bngloir 
 
 BEFORE 
 
 The Delaware County Historical 
 Society 
 
 MAY 31st, 1917 
 
 o ( ioc:r~~> o 
 
 ic=z=iocz:z5 ]f^[ol f^^30Ei=ZD| 
 
 9} 
 
 Press of Chester Times, Chester, Pa. 
 
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RECOLLECTIONS OF THE OLD BOROUGH OF CHESTER 
 
 FROM 1834 TO 1850 
 
 It seems proper to begin in the part of the town first settled, after 
 the landing of William Penn, and when the place was called Upland; 
 which settlement appears to have been on the east side of Chester, or Up- 
 land, Creek, near the shore-end of the present Lower Pier, on the northern 
 bank of the Delaware River. The first landing place is fixed as on west 
 side of the creek, near the south end of the present Penn Street, where a 
 mark has been set, and near which John M. Broomall, in later years, 
 erected a brick residence. 
 
 What is now Second and Edgmont Streets is the location of the first 
 erected buildings; unless some were located to the west of the mouth of 
 Chester Creek, on what was later known as the Kerlin Farm; as tradition 
 fixes buildings on the west side of Penn Street, near the river; and in re- 
 cent years, in building operations, an old well was found, that is said to 
 have belonged to an old destroyed Public House. At the southwest comer 
 of Penn and Third Streets was an old, long, frame building, reputed to 
 have been another old tavern, but which was, in 1830, the residence of the 
 Bags family; and on the north side of Third Street, opposite Penn Street, 
 stands the old Brobson house, also said, by some, to have been another 
 old tavern; but neither the approach to it, or the building itself, would 
 lend credit to this reputation, nor was it so reputed by the old residents 
 of Chester, as it was a private house long before 1830; but the old frame 
 building opposite, did bear the tavern reputation, and it is hard to con- 
 ceive why the Quaker William Penn, or his followers, required so many 
 Public Houses. 
 
 East Side of Chester Creek 
 
 Going back to the east side of the creek, there was, in old Chester, an 
 old wharf on the creek side, at the end of the present Second Street, for- 
 merly Front Street. This evidently was used as one of the first regular 
 landing places for vessels, and it had an old frame storing house on it, 
 standing along the creek side and also near the south side of Front Street; 
 another old building for storage stood on the south side of this wharfage, 
 which faced along the creek side; the wharf logs extending on the creek 
 side, as well as on the north and south ends. 
 
 On the southeast comer of Edgmont and Front Streets, stood the old 
 brick "Logan" house, two stories high, as the houses of that time were 
 built, with English-made brick; the front faced on Front Street, with its 
 substantial front door, with brass knocker, and stoop covering. 
 
On the east side of Edgmont Street, south from the rear of the Logan 
 Hotise and extending toward the river, stood old brick houses, in a row; 
 one occupied by "William Grubb, his wife and daughter, Anna Eliza; others 
 at times, by Martin Wolf and family and William Blizzard and family. 
 Later a small frame dwelling was erected on this east side, near to the 
 high-water mark of the river, probably occupied by Captain James Mould- 
 er, and family. The river tides flowed to near this house. 
 
 The old "Lower Pier," as it was called, extended out into the river 
 beyond low-water mark, to give depth of water, when built, for the land- 
 ing of vessels or steamboats; the two outer, blocks reached by two bridge- 
 ways, under which the tide waters flowed. There were two such piers, 
 one being at the foot of Market Street, and called the upper pier — ^built in 
 a similar manner; this upper pier was the one mostly used for steamboat 
 landing in the eighteen thirties, as it is to this time; the waters between 
 the two piers, being a harbor for ice-bound vessels, sea-going ships, barks, 
 and brigs, in the winter time. 
 
 Front Street From Edgmont to Market Street 
 
 East of the old Logan House, and between that and Market Street, 
 from the south side of Front Street to the high-water line over the marsh 
 flats of the river, was an open lot; bordered along the flats by a row of 
 basket willow trees. This lot was used generally in the summer and 
 spring as a pasture lot, and by fishermen, for the drying of shad and her- 
 ring nets, stretched on pole frames. In the eighteen thirties it was also 
 used as a drill ground by the "Light House Troop," composed of men of 
 the borough and vicinity, who drilled there on horseback. Major Aldrich 
 Price was an active officer. 
 
 East and West Sides of Edgmont From Front Street to the Railroad 
 
 At the northwest comer of Edgmont and Front Streets and near the 
 creek was a large building, known as the "Grannery" or "Grainery," no 
 doubt used at an earlier date for the storing of grain from vessels, as well 
 as from Pennsylvania farms; as an old log wharfage was along the creek 
 side, for landing purposes. In the eighteen thirties this building was used 
 as a room dwelling for numerous families of laboring men; their children, 
 as well as those of that neighborhood being known as "Wharf rats." In 
 later years, this building was reconstructed into and used as a grist mill. 
 
 North of this old building and on the west side of Edgmont Street was 
 a row of very old two-story English brick dwellings with dormer-windows, 
 the rears extending close to the creek, on the side of which the old wharf 
 logs, still, were well preserved. These houses were also occupied by the 
 families of laboring men, fishermen, and watermen; many of whom were 
 originally from the State of Delaware; among these were Andrew Wheat- 
 on with his family, his sons named Andy, Job and Lewis, and two daughters; 
 William Blizzard and family, at one time; Samuel Button and his family, 
 
his son being known as "Sammy John," from the frequent calls for him 
 under that name, by the shrill voice of his mother. All these houses had 
 open access to the creek in the rear. 
 
 Andrew Wheaton, Jr., was a rail bird pusher and gunned extensively, 
 in the fall and winter months, for wild ducks — raising tamed ducks, for 
 anchoring out, near his blind, as decoys; the quacking of these ducks at- 
 tracting the wild ones in their flights. 
 
 Still to the north of these old houses was an old, well-preserved stone 
 house, two stories and an attic, occupied by an old lady, Mrs. Richards, and 
 her daughter. The location of several old jails, said to have been built in 
 Penn's time, appears uncertain; but it is clear that a Court House with a 
 jail was erected on the west, or creek side, of the Edgmont road or street, 
 north of Second Street, of the present City of Chester, in the time of Wil- 
 liam Penn; described as being near a passage way leading to a landing on 
 Chester Creek. The location of this Court building was lost sight of and 
 apparently unknown to the generation of Chester people born after 1830. 
 This Richards dwelling was at the north end of corn-cracker row and near 
 the coal and lumber yard of Joshua P. and William P. Eyre; and was torn 
 away in recent years, to make room for the present market buildings; the 
 market now or recently occupied by Copple, being on the site of the Rich- 
 ards house. In removing this house, in the cellar, on the creek side, were 
 found the remains of the old prison cells, with their iron-grated doors; 
 and the workmen found in these cell ruins, several old English copper pen- 
 nies of ancient date. These facts establish the certainty that this Rich- 
 ards' building had once been a Court House and jail, as jails were located 
 in the court buildings in those old times. 
 
 On the north side of this building was a passageway to the creek 
 landing and to the north of this way stood a one-story log building, near 
 the street, known as "Penn's First Council House." This in the 1830's was 
 used by Samuel Long as a cooper shop, and when torn down in 1853, fur- 
 nished canes, from the well-preserved oak, for some of the older residents, 
 the inscriptions on which ?how this building erected in 1680, the year Penn 
 received his grant of Pennsylvania from King Charles the Second. The 
 author has one of these canes, which was presented to his father. 
 
 From the "History of Delaware County," compiled by Dr. George 
 Smith, we learn of other places used for the Court meetings, one being in 
 the "House of Defense," which was in existence prior to the building of 
 the Penn Council House, and was near Upland Creek, as Chester Creek 
 was then known, and this was before Penn received his Pennsylvania grant 
 from the crown. It appears from the records that the earlier established 
 English Courts were at New Castle, on the Delaware; the Pennsylvania 
 Courts at that time being presided over by unlearned Justices and not by 
 law Judges. 
 
 The boundaries of the Counties of Philadelphia and of Chester (which 
 included what is now Delaware County) were fixed in 1685, and it is not 
 likely that the then Chester County was a separate judicial district, with 
 
its own Courts; but in this 1685 year, there were Court orders for a "New 
 Court House and Prison," and a tax imposed for the building thereof. The 
 dissatisfaction continuing in 1686, the Court ordered Court buildings sold 
 to Robert Wade and further ordered another Court House and Prison to 
 be erected on land presented by James "Saunderlaine." The sale to Wade 
 was not completed before 1701, or the title from Sanderland made before 
 that year. 
 
 In 1689, by order of Court, a landing place and open street was laid 
 out from the northwesterly comer of the Court House to low-water mark, 
 by Chester Creek, and so of the same breadth by the said creek, down to 
 the Delaware River, to low- water mark; thence and also from the first- 
 mentioned corner of the Court House, a public street thirty feet wide 
 through Chester Town. 
 
 This would shovtT the westerly end of that Court House, at that time, to 
 be near the creek, with an open way along the creek, south to the River 
 D-elaware, below and near the present Second Street. The street north 
 from this old Court House was the present Edgmont Avenue. 
 
 In 1686, a Court House and Jail must have been on the site of the old 
 Richards House, and Edgmont Street later changed. Doctor Smith, in his 
 history, says, speaking of the year 1700, "That everlasting subject, the 
 Court House and Prison, again claimed the attention of the Court and 
 Grand Jury," and, they ordered them repaired and that a pair of "stocks" 
 and a whipping-post be added. 
 
 Before 1704, this Court House and Jail was damaged by fire and the 
 Court, in that year, ordered it pulled dov^oi. Where the Courts were held 
 from that time until 1724, is not known; but in that year the old Court 
 House on Market Street, between Fourth and Fifth Streets, was erected 
 on the Sanderland land, presented to the county for that purpose. The 
 old workhouse on Fourth Street, no doubt, v/as built and occupied before 
 that, and, in fact. Doctor Smith was of that opinion, and that it was erected 
 in 1702, and that it was the western end of the prison building, standing 
 in 1850. He also says that a new Court House was not erected until 1724. 
 
 The old Penn Council House, in the 1830's, and up into the 1850's, stood 
 on the southeast corner of a large lot of ground of Joshua P. and Wil- 
 liam P. Eyre, extending northward from the alley way at the Richards 
 house, or old Court House building, and along the west side of Edgmont 
 Street and east side of the creek, to the rear of the buildings fronting on 
 James Street. 
 
 On this Eyre lot, and on the west side of Edgmont Street, south from 
 James Street, was the old counting house, or office, of said Eyres; and to 
 the west of this, on the creek side, was their old frame ware or storage 
 house, used for storage of goods and wares, brought to and from Philadel- 
 phia, in the old sloop-rigged vessel "Jonas Preston," reputed to have been 
 built at Ship Creek Woods, higher up the creek; this vessel had for its 
 captain, Humphrey Gibson, later Richard Ross. Later another sloop ves- 
 sel was added to this trade, named the J. G. Johnson, of which John Phillips 
 
was the captain. This frame warehouse was later replaced by a substan- 
 tial stone storing house. A log-faced wharf extended along this side 
 of the creek from the old Richards house to the James Street bridge over 
 the creek. 
 
 To the northeast, and near this store house, stood an old two-story and 
 attic stone dwelling, occupied by Samuel Long and family, and to which 
 he, later, removed his cooper shop. 
 
 The old Eyre store building at the southwest comer of James and 
 Edgmont Streets had an attached brick dwelling house in the rear, that 
 fronted on Edgmont Street and bordered on this old warehouse lot. 
 
 To the north of James Street, continuing the west side, stood shedding 
 of the stables of the National Hotel and next above the frame two-story 
 cabinet shop of Job Rulon, where he did cabinet work and also made cof- 
 fins for funerals, as ordered- Next came his brick two-story house, with 
 a porch in front, in which he and his family dwelt. The family consisting 
 of his wife, Abigail, or Abby, as she was called, and children, Isaac E., 
 who followed the sea and was lost on the coast of China; Hannah, Ann, 
 who married Colonel William C. Gray; Nathaniel and Arabella. 
 
 Next north was the entrance to the tan yard of William Brobson, where 
 he cured and tanned hides for leather, and which yard extended to Chester 
 Creek, as did the Rulon lot. 
 
 On the northeast comer of the Brobson Yard, stood an old brick two- 
 story house, then used as a dwelling for the foreman of the tan yard and 
 his family, James Bell being one of the earlier of these. One of the work- 
 ers in this yard was a young white man, Bill Pike, son of Isaac Pike, us- 
 ually known as "Ike"; another was Thomas Lytle, colored, and a favorite 
 dish of his were the skinned ox-tails, which he carried home in a bunch, 
 like skinned eels. Tom was a celebrated raiser of game fowls, the fighting 
 qualities of which, in the cock-pits, had a celebrity; favored boys in the 
 town were permitted to have at their homes a few of his hens and a cock- 
 erel, for raising fighters for Tom. North of this brick house was the lit- 
 tle old frame blacksmith shop of John Grounsell, an old Englishman. 
 
 North of the Tan Yard and of the old blacksmith shop was the old 
 pebble-dashed white dwelling of two stories of William Gehhard and his 
 wife; this house much earlier appears to have been known as the Sander- 
 lands. The Gehhards were both old people and their grounds extended 
 south along Edgmont Street to a pasture lot, separating it from the Tan 
 Yard, and extended back toward Chester Creek. A garden of old-fash- 
 ioned flowers and box-wood was on the south side of the house, always 
 kept in a neat and showy condition, in summer months. 
 
 Jonathan Pennell occupied this house later, with his family; and with 
 his brother, Charles D., established a coal and lumber yard on the lot next 
 the Tan Yard, with a landing and wharfage on the creek side, the office 
 being on the site of the old blacksmith shop. 
 
North of the Gehhard-Pennell House was an old house, called the Ber- 
 nard House, occupied by the Bernard family, the daughter, Mary, being 
 what was called "cross-eyed," and an old maid. 
 
 These houses on the west side of Edgmont Street, above the old Tan 
 Yard, stood on a bank from six to ten feet above the bed of that street; 
 the walk or pathway in front of the houses being stoned to protect pedes- 
 trians from the mud; tan bark from the Brobson Tan Yard was also large- 
 ly used on such walks in the borough. The bank along the west side of 
 the street, extended above Fifth Street, increasing in height as it went 
 north. 
 
 Opposite Fifth Street and on the west side of Edgmont Street, Arch- 
 ibald Dick, a Chester lawyer in the 1820's, built a large new brick dwelling 
 house, three stories high, with an imposing doorway in the middle of the 
 front; with stone steps leading to it, and a portico over the doorway. Af- 
 ter his death, John Kerlin, of the Foundry and Machine Company of Kitts 
 & Kerlin, occupied this house, with his wife and two sons, Charles and 
 Frederick, up to the time of the death of John Kerlin; the residence was 
 then taken by Joshua P. and William P. Eyre; Joshua being unmarried 
 and William's wife being Anna Eliza, the daughter of Dr. Job Terrill; they 
 had one son, named Joshua P., who later married Martha, a daughter of 
 Edmund Pennell. The lands of this house extended to Chester Creek and 
 as far south as the Bernard grounds. 
 
 To the north of this stood the frame foundry and machine shops of 
 Kitts & Kerlin, afterwards conducted by the Comogs. Above this was an 
 open lot to the railroad lands, more recently occupied as a lumber and 
 coal yard by Joseph Hinkson. 
 
 The east side of Edgmont Street, south of said railroad, was unbuilt 
 on, other than some small scattered buildings, to Fourth Street. At the 
 southeast comer of Fourth and Edgmont Streets was an old frame stable; 
 with open lots south of this, to the Abby Eyre old brick two-story dwelling, 
 which adjoined the rear of the National Hotel, and standing back from 
 the hotel building line; this old house had a portico in front, the doorway 
 being in the center of the building, with rooms on each side of it. The 
 family consisted of Grandmother Eyre, who was then a widow, and her 
 three daughters, Sally, Jane and Elizabeth or Betsy, as she was called. 
 Mrs. Job Rulon was another daughter. A dark covered alley way led from 
 the street to the rear of the house, located on the hotel side. The garden 
 of this house had the usual cherry, plum, gage and pear trees and cur- 
 rant and gooseberries, as other old places of the town, and home-made 
 wines and good old-fashioned cakes were liberally served to visitors. 
 
 Continuing south, on the east side of Edgmont Street, from James 
 Street, Avas the one-story stone house of old Sally Sullivan, who sold root 
 beer, cakes and candies- 
 Next came a lumber yard of Joshua P. and William Eyre, having an 
 old frame stable in the rear, which abutted on the rear lot of Edward Dar- 
 lington's house. 
 
 6 
 
This lumber yard extended to the Graham or Smith lot, and the south- 
 ern boundary being what is now Graham Street. 
 
 To the south of this Graham Street was the property of Henry Hale 
 Graham, a noted lawyer, his law office being a one-story building on the 
 northeast comer of the lot and near the south line of what is now Graham 
 Street, and being back from Edgmont Street; his house was on the south 
 end of the lot, a fruit orchard being on this lot between the office and the 
 house. The house faced Edgmont Street and was on the opposite side of 
 the street from the old Penn Council House. The first floor of the dwell- 
 ing was above the street level, and the doorway approached by stone steps, 
 over which was the old time stoop, or roof cover, supported by wooden 
 pillars. This building was two stories and one of the larger of the Ches- 
 ter dwellings. William Graham, the son of Henry Hale Graham, also a 
 lawyer, occupied the building and office after his father's death, with his 
 family; Edward Darlington's eldest son, William Graham Darlington, was 
 named for him. Samuel Smith and family resided in this house after 
 the death of William Graham, and within the recollection of this writer, 
 and his daughter, Martha, taught school in that old law office building. 
 
 To the south of the Graham-Smith house was the old yellow brick 
 house occupied in the eighteen thirties by Captain Robinson, his wife and 
 family. The captain was a navy man of the 1812 war, and sailed with 
 Commodores Decatur and Porter, on their Tripoli Expedition, in the Med- 
 iterranean. His daughter was Sarah Combs, and she and her husband, 
 Ben Combs, with their family of daughters, were part of this family, and 
 lived in this house after the death of Captain Robinson and his wife; Kate 
 Combs, a daughter, married Ned Clyde, dying early; Emma married a 
 Pottsville man; Susan married a man named Harris, afterwards Joseph 
 Engle, as her second husband; and Sarah, the youngest, grew up in Ches- 
 ter. Captain Robinson and his wife were intimate in the family of Pres- 
 ton Eyre, and of Edward Darlington, and the old captain made bows and 
 arrows for the children; also jumping- jacks from the breast bones of 
 geese; the slender hickory stick made fast on a twisted string and drawn 
 back to adhere to shoemaker's wax on the bone, for a few seconds, making 
 the jack jump as the released stick struck the floor, or ground, on which 
 it rested. This house was noted for its green gages and plums, grown on 
 its grounds. 
 
 At the northeast comer of Edgmont Street and Front, now Second 
 Street, was a vacant lot, used in connection with an old tenant house front- 
 ing on Front Street, east of Edgmont. This building was tenanted by 
 families of laboring men. 
 
 North Side of Front Street to Welsh Lane 
 
 To the east of this, and on the north side of Front Street, stood an old 
 two-story brick building, then occupied by Mrs. Finch and her maiden 
 daughter, Eliza, who taught an infant school in a one-story office building, 
 located on the lot, and to the west of the northwest comer of the back of 
 
the dwelling. This was the first school the writer of this attended, in his 
 infant years, and received his first lessons in geography by hearing the 
 recitations of the older scholars; and which he repeated to his father at 
 home, as he understood, the Capital of "Mechicken," (Michigan), as "De'- 
 trot" (Detroit). Later this dwelling was the home of Captain Richard 
 Ross and his second wife, who had been the Widow Lampson. The captain 
 had a son, Richard, or Dick, who had a sweet voice for singing; and this 
 second wife had a son, William Lampson. 
 
 To the east of this old Finch hoxise was a large vacant lot; then came 
 a more modem two-story brick house, occupied in the early thirties by a 
 Medical Doctor Van Dyke; later by the Reverend Mortimer Talbot, pastor 
 of the Episcopal Church, and his family; still later by Major Aldrich Price 
 and family; still later by Y. S. Walter and family, and still later by tha 
 Reverend Anson Hard, pastor of the Episcopal Church, and his family. 
 
 To the east of this house was a vacant lot, in which Isaiah Pike dried 
 his shad nets; his house being to the east of it, a low frame building, 
 where he lived with his wife, three daughters, Lydia, Mary and Ellen, and 
 a son, Isaac. Isaiah was a tall, athletic man, and as a rail-bird pusher, 
 could send his skiff boat through the reeds, on the tide, with the best of 
 them, with a quick eye to mark the fallen bird. Other pushers of that 
 time were Bill Rump, colored; Bill Blizzard, and Tom Mason, white, and 
 later, Dick and Sam Brown, John Stewart and several others. 
 
 To the east of the Pike house, at the northwest comer of Market and 
 Front Streets, was the old frame house of Becky Buck, with her little can- 
 dy, cigar and tobacco shop. Becky was a widow and a character well 
 known; with a tongue that could wag, strong and was feared, still she had 
 her good points and reared several children of other people, out of kind- 
 ness of heart; one was a girl named Barbara, dark hair and eyes and good 
 looks; another was John Postell, a wild, reckless boy, but later became a 
 member of the Methodist Church and a good workman in a shipyard, his 
 reformation being attributed to the influence of a Pennsylvania German 
 dressmaker, young woman, whom he later married. 
 
 At the northeast comer of Front and Market Streets stands an old 
 English brick two-story house, reputed to have been a tavern in the early 
 days of Chester; but certainly is a licensed house now, for a colored land- 
 lord, and has been since Judge Clayton first granted the Lytle license, for 
 political work rendered him, Chester having a large colored population. 
 This old house in the eighteen thirties was the home of old Phebe Mellon, 
 or Malin, and her daughter, Sally, and had a yard of fruit trees extending 
 north along the east side of Market Street. 
 
 Next, to the east of this, on the north side of Front Street, were some 
 frame houses; then came the frame Methodist Church, which stood some- 
 what back from the street and was used by the white Methodists of the 
 town until the time their newer church was erected, on the north side of 
 Fifth Street, west from Market Street; then it passed to the ownership 
 and use as a colored peoples' church, an advanced congregation from the 
 old Haiti Meeting, on Welsh Lane. 
 
Bethel Court, east of this Methodist Church, was unknown by that 
 name in those earlier times. This Court, or short street, and the north 
 side of this Front Street, east of the Court, and the west side of Welsh 
 Lane, north of Front Street, was the part of the town most inhabited by 
 the colored population of Chester, the Nugents, Murphys, Browns, Lytles, 
 Rumps and other families well known to the white inhabitants. 
 
 An old frame, colored church, with its shouting congregation, was lo- 
 cated on the west side of Welsh Lane, north of Second Street. 
 
 At the eastern terminus of Second Street and on the east side of Welsh 
 Lane was the dwelling and property of Commodore David Porter, where 
 his wife lived, with her family of children, David, William, Evelyn, Og, 
 Hamilton, Harry and Imogene. David became Admiral Porter during the 
 Civil War; Evelyn married Dr. Heap, of the Navy; Og and Hamilton were 
 both killed in the old Mexican War, either under General Scott, or General 
 Zach Taylor; and Harry was with the Walker Nicaragua Expedition, and 
 suffered from wounds received, for the balance of his life. As an inci- 
 dent of the reckless character of these Porter boys, it was told of them, 
 that Og Porter and his brother Harry were gunning along the river bank, 
 east of their home, and meeting an Irish quarryman on the pathway, on 
 top of the bank, neither would give the other the right of way; the Irish- 
 man, becoming angry, attempted to force the boys from the path and 
 seized hold of the gun in Og's hands. Og called to Harry, back of him, 
 to shoot the man, and Harry promptly raised his gun and fired, the load 
 taking effect in the side of the man's head, badly tearing his ear. George 
 Piper, the druggist, patched him up and to him the man told the story. 
 
 The south side of Front Street, from the Grossman Lyons Hotel prop- 
 erty to the Porter grunds, was the marshy flats of the river, and so, on to 
 
 Ridley Creek, 
 
 Market Square 
 
 In the center of the town of old Chester, in my earlier recollection, 
 stood, at Market Square, at the junction of Market and James (now Third) 
 Street, the old open Market House, extending north and south, with a 
 town council chamber and library over the north end, for town meeting 
 holdings, and with a belfry on top, the bell being also rung in cases of fire. 
 
 On the northwest comer of this square, the old frame store of J. Ash- 
 mead Eyre stood, fronting on Market Street; later this building was occu- 
 pied by Samuel Ulrich for cigar manufacturing; on the James Street front 
 was another old frame building, in which was Vance's barber shop in the 
 basement; this building was, later, replaced by the brick Penn Buildings. 
 
 On the northeast corner of the square, fronting on Market Street, an 
 old frame building stood, occupied as a general store by Thomas Clyde; 
 afterwards by John G- Dyer, and later by Charles D. Manley. Back of this 
 and on the east side of the square, and extending to James Street, was a 
 double, white pebble-dashed two -story house, with dormer windows, oc- 
 cupied by Thomas Clyde and his family; and, later, the southern end by 
 John G. Dyer, who married Mr. Clyde's daughter, Arabella. 
 
On the southwest corner of the square was the old Delaware County 
 Bank Building, fronting James Street, the present site of the Delaware 
 County National Bank Building. We learn from the published history of 
 this Delaware County Bank, that it was opened for the transaction of 
 business on December 5, 1814, in a house owned by Preston Eyre (the 
 grandfather of this compiler), near Market Square. The first directors of 
 the bank were John Newbold, President; Pierce Crosby, Joseph Engle and 
 John Cowgill, Jr.; Preston Eyre being the first cashier; the bank building 
 at Market Square not being erected and occupied until about November, 
 1815. In the eighteen thirties this bank building fronted on the square 
 and faced James (now Third) Street, with the dwelling part in the rear 
 of the bank room, facing on Market Street, and adjoining the Friends' 
 Meeting lot . 
 
 The kitchen part of the house was to the rear, with a vegetable gar- 
 den back and a garden of old-fashioned flov/ers extended west along James 
 Street, to the old house which was occupied later by Eliza Finch and her 
 mother; and still later by Jeremiah Fliclnvir and his family. The old bank 
 watch-box stood on the grounds, between the bank building and James 
 Street; and in 1837 or 8, William Grubb was the watchman of the bank, 
 used a watchman's rattle, and called the hours of the night. About 1840, 
 he had a desperate fight with a supposed bank robber, who in the tussle 
 on the pavement, in front of the bank, picked, with his nails, the face and 
 hands of Dad Grubb, until he was piteously scarred. Dad's loud cries 
 alarmed the neighbors and the robber was landed in the old Fourth Street 
 jail. 
 
 James Street 
 
 On the south side of James Street, running west from the square, and 
 adjoining the bank garden, was an old two-story dwelling, the Mad- 
 dock house, later occupied by old Mrs. Finch, or "Ma" Finch, and her un- 
 married daughter, Eliza, who then had a ladies' furnishing store; later this 
 house was occupied by Jeremiah Flickwir and his family. West of this 
 was an open lot used by Major Price for a truck garden, when landlord 
 of the National Hotel; next stood a one-story office building, where Samuel 
 Edwards had his law oflice, before he built his brick house on Market 
 Street, north of the railroad. Adjoining this office building was a two- 
 story frame house, occupied by Samuel Edwards and family, later by the 
 widow of Jonas Eyre, Susanna Eyre, and her sister, Lydia Pusey; later by 
 Robert E. Hannum, a lawyer, who married 'Squire Bartram's daughter, 
 Georgianna; and still later by Charles Williams, a tailor, and his family; 
 he used, as a shop, the said Edwards' office building. 
 
 Then came the two-story hipped-roof house of Edward Darlington, 
 with an old Lombardy poplar tree on the street front, and a one-story frame 
 office building adjoining on the west side, and with an enclosed yard lot; 
 extending to the double two-story frame house of Thomas Minshall and 
 his family, later still, occupied by his widow, "Molly," and still, by her, af- 
 
 10 
 
ter her marriage to Charley Fox; the next occupant was Harry Abbott, 
 osier at the National Hotel Stables, and his family; Harry was a York- 
 shire Englishman, broad in his dialect. The Darlington house, after 1850, 
 was occupied by Tom Moore, the front for a hardware store. 
 
 Then came the two -story brick dwelling erected by David Abbott and 
 to which he moved from the north side of James Street; next a row of small 
 one-story buildings, used as dwellings and shops; and on the southeast 
 corner of James and Edgmont Streets stood an old two-story brick house 
 then occupied by Charles Ladomus, a German, and his family. He had a 
 watch and jewelry store on the James Street front, the house entrance 
 being on Edgmont Street. 
 
 On the southwest corner of Edgmont and James Streets was the old 
 store building of Joshua and William P. Eyre, afterwards of Jesse M. 
 Eyre (replaced later by the National Hall building), with a passage way 
 on the creek side, to the creek wharf landing below the old bridge. This 
 wharfage was used by shad and herring fishermen, for sales, and by Jer- 
 sey truckers, for selling farm produce, including sweet potatoes, water- 
 melons and canteloupes. 
 
 Then still west was an old pebble-dashed storehouse, used by the 
 Eyres for storing feed, salt, &c.; the basement for barrels of liquor, Amer- 
 ican Whiskey being the cheap drink for the fishermen and watermen, gen- 
 tlemen using only French Brandy and Imported Wines. 
 
 Adjoining was the pebble-dashed dwelling, near the creek, occupied 
 by an old ostler, who had charge of the National Hotel Stables, known as 
 Barney; afterwards this house was occupied by Jack Hanley, who married 
 the Widow Hough. Jack was a character well known. Each of these men 
 had a porter and ale room in the basement, with entrance from the wharf. 
 
 This completed the buildings on that south side, to the bridge over 
 the creek; which bridge was a structure swung on iron chains, supported 
 by iron comer posts, and raised high enough above the water to permit 
 vessels, with lowered masts, to pass under. 
 
 Taking the north side of James Street, west from the square: First 
 from the northwest corner, was, the before alluded to frame building in 
 the basement of which was the barber shop, with a popular colored barber; 
 this building was replaced by the brick Penn buildings, fronting on Market 
 Street and extending along the west and north sides of the square, and on 
 Market Street; also on and partly along the north side of James Street, 
 westwardly. That store building on Market Street had been the store of 
 Preston Eyre and afterwards of his son, J. Ashmead Eyre. Y. S. Walter 
 had his printing office for the Delaware County Republican on the second 
 floor of the James Street front of the Penn building; the third floor of 
 this end was used as a ballroom; the first floor being clothing stores front- 
 ing east on the square; the entrance stairway to the second and third 
 floors being from James Street, at the western end of this front. On the 
 second floor, in a room back of Walter's printing office, Joseph Taylor, after 
 
 11 
 
the termination of his term as Prothonotary and Clerk of Court, Register 
 of Wills and Recorder of Deeds, had a Private School and taught English 
 studies and mathematics to boys of the town, including his own sons. The 
 eastern basement room was a barber shop, and in the western basement 
 room was the Oyster Restaurant of David Morrison and his wife, with 
 porter and ale as the drinks. 
 
 Next west of this Penn building site, on the north side of James Street, 
 was a double frame dwelling, one part occupied by William Doyle and his 
 family; his widow, Charlotte, was afterwards the Post Mistress, on Fourth 
 Street, west of Market Street- 
 
 Then, going westwardly, next, was the brick two-story plastered 
 house of Captain Isaac Eyre Engle, with its side yards east and west, 
 having plum and green gage trees therein, and grass sod, on which crawled, 
 in the writer's recollection, a huge sea turtle, captured by the captain in 
 an East India voyage; and on the back of which favored children took 
 short rides on the grounds. To the west of this house, its yard through 
 double gates, led to the frame stable back. Captain Engle married Sarah 
 Ann Crosby and had two children, Lucy and Edgar. Edgar was severely 
 wounded in the Civil War on the Peninsula, and lost his shattered arm by 
 amputation. 
 
 Next came a large two-story brick house, occupied by David Abbott 
 and his wife, in the eastern part of which was his saddler shop, before he 
 moved to the south side of James Street. This house was afterwards oc- 
 cupied by Y. S. Walter and his family, his printing office, for the Delaware 
 County Republican, being in the old saddler shop rooms; this before the 
 Penn building erection. David was an exhorter in the Methodist Church 
 and a devout leader in the revival meetings. Next was an open lot, ex- 
 tending back to the gardens of the houses fronting on Fourth Street, on 
 which lot, in 1840, was erected a large Log Cabin for Whig meetings, in 
 the William Henry Harrison Presidential Campaign, with its tall poplar 
 flag-pole, and barrel of hard cider at the door. 
 
 Prior to 1840, there was a large, old, two-story granary building stand- 
 ing, up to 1833 or 4, and occupied by families of the poorer working men 
 of the town; in the basement of this was an ale and porter cellar, kept by 
 an old man called Scotty; this building was burned to the ground; the old 
 "Liberty" Fire Engine served at this fire. It being a cold night, hot 
 coffee, as well as strong drink was served to the citizen firemen, who, be- 
 fore morning, were singing the popular songs of that day; some none too 
 delicate in their wording. The cold north wind, sending flame and sparks, 
 set fire to other buildings, and to the home of Edward Darlington, opposite, 
 which was saved by men on the roof with water and wet blankets. The 
 virriter well remembers being taken from bed and held to the window facing 
 our yard, to see the inmates of the burning building, -with their household 
 goods, which they had saved and were standing over, while the sparks and 
 
 12 
 
burning pieces of wood were carried, by the wind, over their heads. The 
 old poplar tree in front of our house aided greatly in the saving of it. 
 
 Next was the old National Hotel, at the northeast comer of Edgmont 
 and James Streets, with its side yard to the east on James Street, in which 
 were its wood-shed and chicken houses. This hotel was noted as receiving 
 General Lafayette, after the Battle of the Brandywine, where he was 
 wounded; and in the early thirties had the exchange stable place, for 
 horses used for the pony express; this being before railroads, the Presi- 
 dent's Messages and Lottery Drawings were carried in this manner from 
 Washington to New York. Mrs. Mary Engle was one of the early land- 
 ladies of this hotel; afterwards John J. Thurlow was the landlord; and 
 later Major Price, Morris Desh'ong and George Wilson. 
 
 West of the Hotel, and west from Edgmont Street, were the long frame 
 stable buildings and shedding of this hotel, extending to a wharf on Ches- 
 ter Creek; here horses from this stable were washed at high tide, and made 
 to swim, under the guidance of a long rope, attached to the halter, and of 
 a whip in the hands of the ostler, or caretaker. This stable was one of 
 the relay exchanges of horses for the pony express between Washington 
 and New York, by which important despatches were carried by the rider, 
 on horseback, also the President's messages. 
 
 The Old Market House 
 
 Before running Market Street, north from old Market Square, it is 
 well to give a more detailed recollection of the old Market House. 
 
 The Chester Market business was in the old Market House, in the 
 center of the square, extending in length north and south, from the north- 
 em side, to the southern side of the square, leaving a street width for 
 passage ways on both ends of this Market House. The sides were unin- 
 closed and the stalls were ranged along the east and west sides, and were 
 paved with brick, the entire length and width; with brick paved passage 
 ways outside the stalls, on each side. A stairway on the east side, out- 
 side the stalls, led to a second-story room over the north end of the Mar- 
 ket House, used as a council chamber and a public library; this enclosed 
 second story had a cupola on top of its roof, and when this old Market was 
 later destroyed by the City of Chester, this second-story structure was re- 
 moved by Alderman Edward Clyde to its after location on Fifth Street, 
 east of Market Street, and used there as his office. The Chester Markets 
 were held in this Market House, on Wednesdays and Saturdays of each 
 week, and it was noted for the good beef, mutton, veal, lamb, poultry, but- 
 ter and vegetables, sold there, as well as fish, melons and canteloupes. 
 Jonathan Vernon and Jonathan Esrey were the favored butchers; Jacob 
 Evans sold veal, chickens and eggs; Sammy Lockwood and Govemor White 
 were two of the noted Jerseymen who sold truck, sweet and Irish potatoes, 
 com, melons and canteloupes, brought from their Jersey farms, in their 
 batteaux, either under sail or oars; White's mountain sweet melons were 
 noted. 
 
 13 
 
Market Street 
 
 Taking Market Street, north of Market Square, and on the west side, 
 stood, above the Preston Eyre frame store, a house, in 1834 or 5, 
 occupied by Preston Eyre and his family, after he retired from 
 the cashiership of the bank and before he removed to Illinois. Next north 
 was the old Maddock brick house; and still north, the Lydia Clark frame 
 house; the old Bevan brick house, which Davis Bevan Stacey, with his fam- 
 ily, wife, sister-in-law, four sons and four daughters, later occupied; its 
 enclosed yard extended south to the Clark house. The adjoining brick 
 house next, to which the Ladomus family later moved their residence and 
 watch shop; and next the Irwin Hotel on the southwest comer of Fourth 
 and Market Streets, which was later occupied by Edward R. Minshall, as 
 a residence and wooden-ware store. The Irwin Hotel earlier had old John 
 Irwin for its landlord, and after his death, his widow, Jane Irwin, and 
 her sons, William, John and Samuel (known as Skeeter), and daughters, 
 Jane and her two sisters, the younger named Elizabeth, remained there; 
 William, or Billy, as he was known, was then the landlord. 
 
 Old Jail and Workhouse 
 
 Above Fourth Street, then known as Work Street, was the County 
 Sheriff's house; the old jail being in the rear and on Work Street. The 
 side of the old jail, extending along Fourth Street, had grated windows in 
 the second story, out of which prisoners could look on the street, talk to 
 passersby, and pass a string for the supply of tobacco from the town boys, 
 in exchange for jail crackers, a coarse, large, hard, round biscuit, like pilot 
 bread. John Larkin was one of the early Sheriffs remembered. The old 
 workhouse on the west end was in ruined condition and not in use for such 
 purpose in the early thirties. 
 
 Court House and Trials 
 
 On Market Street, an open space in front of the Sheriff's house, ex- 
 tended to the Court House, with rows of shade trees; the old Court House 
 stood at the north end, as at present located (being now the Town or City 
 Hall), which building was erected in 1724, with its small belfry; the court 
 room on the first floor. Judges' raised bench, for the president and two as- 
 sociates at the north end, with the Prothonotary's desk and lawyers' bar in 
 front of it, and jury box on the east side; outside of this bar and across 
 the room were rows of benches for those attending court sessions; the en- 
 trance doors being on the south end, with a narrow door at the northeast end 
 for the Judges' entrance. Judge William Darlington was one of the earlier 
 Judges, with Judges Engle and Leiper as his associates, and John Kelly as 
 the Cryer of the Court; Judge Bell, later, was a President Judge; both 
 noted Judges. 
 
 One of the interesting and exciting trials at the old Court House was 
 that of a man named Michael Monroe, alias James Wellington, for the mur- 
 
 14 
 
der of William Bonsall, May 22, 1824, at Darby. Bonsall had a small store 
 and he and his wife lived in the adjoining house of Mary Warner. Wel- 
 lington, with two other men, Abraham Boyce and Washington Labbe, 
 tramps, stopped at the house in the evening, for robbery, tied Bonsall and 
 his wife fast, in chairs, robbed the store and house and in leaving, one of 
 the men (somewhat uncertain whether Wellington or Boyce, from the tes- 
 timony taken), without provocation, plunged a knife in Bonsall's stomach, 
 leaving it in the wound, until it was removed by Dr. Morris C. Shallcross, 
 some hours later, Bonsall being ignorant that the knife was in him, the 
 handle only was showing. Wellington and the other men afterwards 
 robbed a store in New Jersey and were captured there, some things taken 
 from Bonsall being found on them, when examined at Woodbury. Wel- 
 lington was convicted of the Bonsall murder and hung at Chester. On the 
 scaffold he said, "You boast, I hear, you have never hung an innocent man, 
 but this day you lose that reputation." Abraham Boyce was tried at Octo- 
 ber Sessions, 1824, and acquitted. Archibald Dick, Esq., and Edward Dar- 
 lington, Esq., were the prosecuting attorneys. 
 
 A man named Craig was later tried and hung for the murder of 'Squire 
 Hunter, in the upper part of the county. This was a cold-blooded murder, 
 with a shot-gun, to prevent the 'Squire from testifying in a will case, he 
 being shot from ambush in going from his house to his barn. The gun 
 was found hidden near the shooting place and traced as the property of 
 Craig. He was executed at old Chester. 
 
 The next hanging in Chester was that of Thomas Cropper, alias Hall, 
 colored, his trial taking place in that old Court House, at May Sessions, 
 1841, for the murder of Martin Hollis, also colored, Edward Darlington 
 being the prosecuting attorney, assisted by P. Frazer Smith, Esq., of West 
 Chester, and Townsend Haines, Esq., for defense; Judge Thomas S. Bell, 
 presiding Judge. This murder was the outcome of a jealous quarrel be- 
 tween two negroes, Cropper shooting Hollis with a shot-gun. Much sym- 
 pathy was shown for Cropper, both at and after the trial. Cropper at- 
 tempted escape from the old Fourth Street Jail, by sawing off the hobbles, 
 fastening him to the floor of his cell; and afterwards by severing the iron 
 bars built across the large chimney flue, to let him escape to the roof; this 
 all done in the night time. His escape was prevented by the frightened 
 screams of a woman prisoner in an adjoining cell, who could not be quieted 
 by him. Next day the cutting of the bars and of his hobbles was discov- 
 ered by the Sheriff prison keeper. At the hanging. Cropper, a pov/erful 
 man, tore his arms loose from the rope binding, as the trap fell; seized the 
 rope over his head and swung his body for the top of the jail-yard wall, 
 which he narrowly missed, and as he swung down, he was seized by the 
 Sheriff's deputies and held by the arms and legs until life was extinct. The 
 instrument he cut the irons with was discovered hidden in his woolly head 
 mop, being a saw made from a watch spring; but it was never discovered 
 how he got it. The cutting of the hobble was hidden by softened bread 
 plastered in the cuts. 
 
 15 
 
There were other noted trials before all these, one of a young woman 
 who killed her child; at the hanging, at Mundy's Run, on the Philadelphia 
 road, near Chester, her brother, who had secured a pardon from the Gover- 
 nor, at Philadelphia, and was delayed in his horseback ride back to Ches- 
 ter, by floods in the creeks, arrived in sight of the scaffold, waving his 
 pardon, just as his sister was swung in the air, and too late to save her. 
 
 Prothonotary's Office 
 
 The old Prothonotary Office Building, standing at the southwest cor- 
 ner of what is now Fifth Street, was two stories high, the two upper-story 
 rooms being occupied, one by the County Commissioners, the other by Ed- 
 ward Darlington, for his law office. The first floor was the office of Pro- 
 thonotary, Clerk of Courts, Register of Wills and Recorder of Deeds, all in 
 one officer; John K. Zeilin was the first remembered such officer, followed 
 by Joseph Weaver and Joseph Taylor. The back of this building of brick 
 furnished the hand ball wall where many a hard game was played. Ned 
 Clyde, though lame, being one of the noted ball players. 
 
 On the southwest comer of Fifth and Market Streets was Dr. William 
 Gray's old dwelling of two stories and a dormer window roof, with its ex- 
 tensive cultivated grounds to the north and west and his one-story office 
 on Fifth Street. Doctor Gray was one of the few old practicing doctors 
 of the town; after his death, his wife occupied the house for some years 
 and was fond of the old-fashioned round waltz; without children, she had 
 many canary bird pets. 
 
 North of the Gray property was a recently built frame house occupied 
 by Richard Taylor and his family; wife, Eliza, and two children, Enos, and 
 a daughter. 
 
 The new frame house of Captain Elijah Howes, to which he moved 
 when he left the hotel at Fifth and Market Streets, was next. Attached 
 to which was a vacant triangular lot, extending pointedly northward, to 
 where Market and Edgmont Streets join, near the railroad. He had in 
 family, a wife, daughter and sister-in-law, Margaret Bums, with her fath- 
 er, James Burns. Margaret had a millinery shop adjoining. 
 
 The P., W. & B. Railroad 
 
 This Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad was completed 
 from Wilmington to Philadelphia in December, 1837, and opened for trav- 
 el the following January, v/ith the frame Depot House located to the west 
 of Edgmont Street and on the south side of the tracks, with a store house 
 in the east end. This building was so used until the Depot was moved to 
 the east of Market Street. A letter from Doctor William Gray to my 
 father of January 6, 1837, shows the selling of the Gray's Ferry property 
 to the railroad company for a terminus. 
 
 16 
 
North of Railroad 
 
 The next building north of that railroad, on the west side of the so- 
 called Edgmont road, above its junction with Market Street, was the new- 
 ly-built brick house of Samuel Edwards, with grounds extending to the 
 north side of the railroad lands; this brick building, with its front and 
 entrance in the center, was erected about the time the railroad was con- 
 structed and Mr. Edwards had his law office in the east front end comer of 
 the building, to time of his death. His family consisted of his wife, son 
 and daughter, Henry B. and Mary E.; she married Lieutenant Edward 
 Beale, afterward known as General Beale. 
 
 Next, north, was the Hicksite Quaker Burying Ground, as still located; 
 and in this were the graves of many of the Quaker residents of Chester. 
 
 On the west side of Edgmont road, above the open lots of Mrs. Mary 
 Engle, which extended to the creek and up to the old Caldwell house, proper- 
 ty, north of the junction of Edgmont road with the Providence road; which 
 would be now north of the Baltimore and Philadelphia Railroad. 
 
 Above that, on the west side of the Edgmont road, was an old brick 
 house in which Edward Engle lived. 
 
 The only other house on the west side was an old stone one, that stood 
 near Chester Creek, not far from the Ship Creek Woods, to the northwest 
 from the present Deshong Library property; which old house was unoccu- 
 pied and said to be haunted, from a reputed murder committed in or near it. 
 
 Now, taking the east side of Market Street, going north, above the 
 Square, and from the old Clyde store, was a one-story frame building, 
 where the "Upland Union" newspaper was published, for a number of 
 years, under Lescure, and by McKiver, as editors; then came some very old 
 two-story brick houses in which lived Zedekiah Flower, Thomas Spear and 
 Brinton Dick, with their families. Henry L. Powell had a shoe store, later, 
 in one of these houses, and John Brooks had a harness shop; also, Entwisle 
 had a bakery. Flower had two daughters, Hannah, who married Samuel B. 
 Thomas, Esq., and Mary, who was unmarried. Tom Spear had four chil- 
 dren, a daughter, Phebe Ann, who married William Dyer; Thomas, who 
 learned a trade and left Chester; Emma, who married a Philadelphia man; 
 and Edward, or Ned, who was a "ne'er-do-well". 
 
 Next came the John Martin old tv/o-story brick house. He had a son, 
 Thadeus, and other children, not remembered. John had some palate trou- 
 ble and talked in manner, people designated, as through the nose; he had 
 been a soldier in the 1812 war. 
 
 The Dr. Job H. Terrill house, with its enclosed lot of ground, filled vnth 
 box bushes and shrubbery, came next, to the north, the open ground ex- 
 tending to Fourth Street; his stable for horses and his gardens being in the 
 rear, on Fourth Street. The old doctor was the father of Mrs. John 0. 
 Deshong and of William P. Eyre's first wife. The doctor had a noted talk- 
 ing parrot, which was the terror of street dogs, and could swear like a 
 
 17 
 
trooper, or as people said, like the doctor, the dogs being scared by its loud 
 cries of "Git out!" and the stable man, George Nicholson, saluted by its 
 cries of "George, George! Here, you black rascal." 
 
 On the northeast corner of Fourth and Market Streets stood the old 
 store building and dwelling of John O. Deshong, the store being grocery 
 and dry goods, and George Baker one of his clerks. Distilled whiskey was 
 largely sold by all country stores, to working men and for harvest fields. 
 His dwelling was over, and to the east of, the store room. In later years 
 this store room was the drug store of Dr. J. M. Allen, with Mortimer H. 
 Bickley as his clerk; and now it is the site of Bickley's new drug store. 
 
 Above this was a white pebble-dashed dwelling, known as the Crosby 
 House, in which Robert E. Hannum afterwards lived and had his office, up 
 to the time he purchased the old Pierce Crosby house, on the Providence 
 Road, south of the forks of the Sharpless mill road. 
 
 Then came the George W. Piper frame drug shop, and north of it the 
 two-story brick dwelling, occupied by the Piper family, and later occupied 
 by Charles W. Raborg, then the druggist. 
 
 Washington Hotel 
 
 Next north was the present old Washington Tavern House, with Peter 
 Piper as landlord, and later with Major Samuel A. Price as its landlord. 
 This tavern was opposite the old Court House and was headquarters for 
 Judges and Jurymen, and w^as where the lawyers "settled the docket" for 
 the trial of cases, before the court term. It was reputed to have enter- 
 tained General Washington during the Revolutionary War. The stabling 
 was to the east of the hotel. Above the hotel was an open adjoining yard 
 or lot, extending to Fifth Street, the noted Crozer Building being now 
 erected on this lot, in place of old frame buildings that had been later put 
 up thereon. 
 
 Columbia Hotel 
 
 On the northeast corner of the present Fifth and Market Streets stood 
 an old hotel, known only in those days by the name of the landlord who 
 kept it, such as "Howes' Hotel," "Hill's^ Hotel" and "Appleby's Hotel," the 
 correct name being "Columbia Hotel." Captain Elijah Howes, who had 
 married a daughter of James Burns, an old fox-hunter of the borough, be- 
 ing the first proprietor in the memory of the writer; followed by Harrison 
 Hill and by Thomas Appleby. This house was celebrated for its excellent- 
 ly provided table board, as the hotels of that day prided themselves more 
 on the table service than the bar. Above this hotel were its stables. 
 
 Next above were small frame houses, occupied by the families of 
 George Morris, Morris Burns, a printer on the "Upland Union," and James 
 Talley, a plasterer. A barber shop was in one of these houses. Then came 
 an open lot to the railroad line. On this Samuel N. Smith later erected his 
 brick hotel, adjoining the railroad land. Somewhere north of the hotel 
 stables, the Upland Union was printed at one time, by Lescure. 
 
 18 
 
Above the railroad, on this east side, was an open three-cornered pas- 
 ture lot, extending to the junction of Edgmont Street with Welsh Lane, 
 and having a width along the railroad ground from Edgmont Street to 
 Welsh Lane, 
 
 The only house near the present Philadelphia and Baltimore Railroad 
 line, on this east side, being a white, plastered, stone house, south from the 
 Providence and Edgmont Roads junction, owned by a family of Mortons. 
 Above this were the farm lands of John Cochran, extending from the 
 railroad, far up the Providence Road; the farm buildings being located near 
 what is now Potter Street, below Thirteenth. He was a noted drover. The 
 old Cochran farm house being then in the middle of the farm and ap- 
 proached through a gateway on the Providence Road. John Cochran main- 
 tained a race track on this farm for running horses. His family consisted 
 of two sons, J. Engle and John, and three daughters, Sarah, who married 
 Herman Lombard, a railroad man; Elizabeth and Margaret Cochran. 
 
 Market Street South From Square 
 
 Taking Market Street south from the old square, the east side thereof, 
 below the southeast corner of the square, stood an old brick, two-story and 
 an attic house, fronting on Market Street, occupied by 'Squire George W. 
 Bartram, and his family, his one-story office being to the north of the 
 house; his family consisted of his wife and two daughters, Georgianna and 
 Pocahontas. 
 
 On the southeast side of the square, on the south side of James Street 
 and adjoining a corner of the old Episcopal Grave Yard, was a small frame 
 building, used for a fire engine house; afterwards used as a painter's shop 
 by Samuel Lampleigh, Daniel Thompson, and later by Thomas Forsythe. 
 
 The Grave Yard of the old Episcopal Church, located on the south side 
 of James Street, east of the square, had a gate-way entrance on Market 
 Street, south of the Bartram house; the grave yard also extended along 
 the east side of Market Street, as far as the brick house of David and 
 Priscilla Wilson (colored) ; also around the east end of Bartram's lot, and 
 east, along James Street to and along Welsh Lane. This grave yard was 
 well filled with many very old graves and vaults, as the stones indicated; 
 among others that of John Morton, a signer of the Declaration of Inde- 
 pendence. The old Episcopal Church was then located on the westerly 
 end of this grave yard, and east of said paint shop, and fronted on James 
 Street; one of its older pastors was Reverend Mortimer Talbot; later Rev- 
 erend Anson Hard. The old church was a plain building with a belfry; 
 and old 'Squire Bartram was a vestryman and took up collections in an old 
 mahogany, covered box. This building was torn down, after the more pre- 
 tentious church building was erected, opposite, on the north side of James 
 Street. 
 
 Next south from the Bartram house was the brick house of David and 
 Priscilla Wilson, two much-respected colored people, who had a cake, candy 
 and ice cream store, where boys largely spent their pennies for these good- 
 ies, as well as good old-fashioned molasses candy, horse-shaped ginger bread 
 
 19 
 
and ground or peanuts; some of which, on Sundays, unthoughtful boys at- 
 tending Friends' Meeting, opposite, took with them, and choked over, behind 
 the high bench-backs, during the quiet service. 
 
 Next, south, came the old frame house of Charley and Sophy Lear, 
 one of whose sons was William, a shoemaker, and another Charles, called 
 "Chat," who excited the enthusiasm of his family, by marching in a Demo- 
 cratic procession with a live game rooster, crowing on his shoulder, or head; 
 old Charley Lear was the grave digger of the town, and particularly for 
 the old Episcopal Church Grave Yard, as well as sexton of that church. 
 
 Back from this house, on a vacant lot below, that fronted on the street, 
 was a stone stable, used by Preston Eyre for his horses and cows; and next 
 to this, on another vacant lot, was a frame stable, used later by Edward 
 Darlington, in winter, for his cow; and on the front of this lot Y. S. Walter 
 sometime later erected his frame two-story dwelling, fronting on Market 
 Street. 
 
 Then came two other more recently built frame houses, in which Wil- 
 liam Pyewell, the undertaker, and Isaiah H. Mirkil, a peace officer, lived. 
 
 Next were several old one-story houses, standing back from the build- 
 ing line, where lived Peggy Williams and her son, Samuel; Archy McCar- 
 thy and his stout, jolly wife; Archy MacNeal, a shoemaker, who married 
 Mrs. Richards' daughter, of Edgmont Street; Dave Bowers, a shoemaker, 
 and perhaps some others. 
 
 Oley Baum and his family occupied a frame house below; that later 
 extended out to the building line and was then occupied by Mose Hewit and 
 his wife, Suse, who had a candy and cigar shop; then next, an open lot in 
 v/hich was the remains of an old apple orchard; on this was the large old 
 brick two-story house, on the corner of Front Street, occupied by Sallie 
 Mellon and her daughter, Phebe; this is reputed to have been a tavern 
 in older times. 
 
 Steamboat Hotel 
 
 Below Front Street on the east side was an enclosed lot with apple, 
 pear, plum and green gage trees, belonging to the Steamboat Hotel, on the 
 southern end of which was its frame stables, where Crossman Lyons, then 
 landlord, had a Livery Stable; an open space between the stables and the 
 hotel vras used as a yard for the stables and hotel; in the rear of which 
 was a much-used Ten Pin Alley. The hotel building, with its first and 
 second-story porches, fronted on Market Street, had a lawn on the river 
 side, shaded by water willow trees, standing along the river edge, where 
 was the remains of an old wharf within twenty-five feet of the hotel, up to 
 which the high waters of the river came, of sufficient depth to float gunning 
 skiffs; the flats to the low water mark of the river being covered with reeds 
 in summer. The hotel had two stories, with a wide front, and was a neat, 
 attractive building. 
 
 The river marshes, covered with reeds, extended along the upper side 
 of the steamboat pier, from the river mud flats; and also between the up- 
 per and lower piers; and on up above the upper pier to Ridley Creek; 
 
 20 
 
there not being any wharfage on the marsh land above this pier, to the 
 time William T. Crook filled in the marsh adjoining the east side of this 
 upper pier, for the constructing of his wharfage, and the erection of his 
 storehouse, for his New York Trading Schooner business. 
 
 The steamboats plying between Philadelphia and Wilmington, the old 
 "Hudson," worked with an up-and-down piston, followed by the lever boats, 
 "Balloon," Captain Whildin, and the "Rainbow," a rival. The Cape May 
 boat was the "Robert Morris," a double lever; she took on Baltimore and 
 Washington passengers at New Castle, to which point they came by rail 
 from a point on Chesapeake Bay. 
 
 River Sports 
 
 Before leaving the river front, it is well to show features of it for the 
 sports of those days. 
 
 The river was teeming with rock and perch fish, and these were caught 
 by rod and line from the piers or wharves; and the white perch, from the 
 flats, as the flood tide came up among the growing reeds and docks; worms, 
 being used for bait for perch catching, as well as for catfish and eels; but 
 for the rock fish from the piers, was used the cane-pole, with line, and one 
 or more hooks, on which was twisted pieces of raw cotton, trolled on the 
 surface of the tide water, at the pier draws; the fish rising to snap at it, 
 as for a minnow; and hundreds of these fish were caught in this way on a 
 tide. The perch and catfish were caught on the bottom of the stream, 
 either by pole and line, or hand line and dipsy; or by a bow-line, made of 
 horse-shoe shape whale bone, with dipsy in center of the bow, the line being 
 attached above it, with the snooded hooks strung along the outer prongs of 
 the bow; in this way several fish might be caught in one hauling in of the 
 line, the elasticity of the bow hooking them as they nibbled at the bait. 
 
 Shad of large size, and herring and large rock fish, as well as sturgeons, 
 were most plentiful, and were caught in both shore seines and floating gill 
 nets; but large sturgeons of four or six feet in length tore large holes in 
 the shad gill nets. Parts of the sturgeon were eaten by many, and parts 
 were rendered into oil. Live sturgeons were frequently put into the 
 shallow waters of the old quarry holes near the creek and the smaller boys, 
 when bathing, had great fun riding on their backs, in the shallow waters. 
 
 Rail and reed birds were plentiful in the early fall, feeding on the rip- 
 ened reeds bordering the river shores and on the islands, and gave great 
 sport to the gunners, with their skilled pushers, the favorite gun being the 
 double-barrel shot-gun; first muzzle-loaders, then breech-loaders, with cart- 
 ridges, the muzzle-loaders being loaded from the muzzle by small tin load- 
 ers for both powder and shot, and cut wads, which held each in place, 
 rammed down by the long ram-rod. 
 
 In the fall and early winter and spring months, large flocks of geese 
 and ducks fed on the river islands and shores and gave excellent sport to 
 the skillful, as did partridges in the running bunches, which came to the 
 river banks from the country back, after the first frosts in the fall. Black- 
 
 21 
 
birds flocked in the thousands, and fed on the ripened reeds, and large 
 numbers of these were shot from the old piers as they flew over, as a shot 
 from the gun would double up a flock, so the second barrel brought down 
 dozens. Woodcock were also plentiful along the river sides and neighbor- 
 ing streams, and trained dogs, pointer and setter, were owned for this 
 sport, by all true sportsmen. 
 
 Powder was carried, in my first recollection, in a polished cow horn, 
 plugged in the larger end with a wooden bottom, and the smaller end 
 plugged with a wooden stopper, made fast by a string to the horn; this 
 powder horn was slung over the shoulder with a stout string and the load 
 was measured out into the hand, to be poured into the gun barrel; the shot 
 was carried either loose in the pocket, or in a bottle, or a leather bag, and 
 poured into the hand, like the powder, for loading; paper wads were forced 
 down the barrel on top of both powder and shot, by the ram rod, to separate 
 them and hold them in the barrel; the caps used were carried loose in a 
 pocket. Many of the guns were single barrel, and in still earlier times 
 were flint-locked, to the time the newer double-barrel percussioned guns 
 came into use; then also came into use flattened metal powder flasks, with 
 the load-measuring spring top; and the leather shot pouch, with a metal 
 load-measuring top, and these were worn slung over the shoulder on each 
 side of the gunner, or the shot carried in a long leather double shot-bag, 
 slung over the shoulder, with the brass loaders within easy reach, under 
 the arm, or in front. These were used up to the time that cartridges came 
 into use for the loading breech-loading guns. This ended the use of the 
 cut wads, and old percussion caps, as the firing was done by the striking 
 of the hammer, on the end of the percussioned cartridge. 
 
 Market North From Front Street, West Side 
 
 Taking the west side of Market Street, north from Front (now Sec- 
 ond) Street, there was a row of old two-story frame houses, occupied by 
 John Chadwick and his wife, Rebecca, or Becky, as she was known; she 
 had in her family a granddaughter, Rebecca, who, later, with Lydia Pike, 
 worked in Ulrich's tobacco shop. The old lady Chadwick was the owner 
 of several of the adjoining frame houses to the north, in which resided 
 Captain Collins, who had two sons, Elias (known as Ducky) and Joe, who 
 both, later, worked at the Ulrich tobacco shop; Captain John Morris, who 
 had a son, John Henry; and a brother, also a seaman, Henry Morris; Wil- 
 liam, or Bill, Stewart, was one of the occupiers of these houses. He had 
 two sons, John and Jacob; John was a fisherman and rail-bird pusher, and 
 married Isaiah Pike's daughter, Mary; and Jacob, or Jake, was later on the 
 police force of the City of Chester. 
 
 One of the northernmost of these houses was occupied in late years of 
 1908 or 10, by the widow of Archy MacNeal. She was the daughter of 
 Mrs. Richards, of Edgmont Street, and was then a well-preserved, tall, 
 stout woman, with a good memory of past events. She has since died. 
 
 2£ 
 
North of this frame row of houses was an open lot, part of the prop- 
 erty of Samuel Smith, extending from Edgmont Street, and was farmed by 
 him. 
 
 Next north came the Friends' Meeting House and its grounds, with 
 an old long shed, under which the horses, to the old chair wagons, dear- 
 boms, or carriages, of the meeting folks, were hitched during the meeting 
 hour. 
 
 This old Hicksite Friends' Meeting House is on the west side of Mar- 
 ket Street, south of Third Street, and adjoins the land of the Delaware 
 County Bank; it was an old building in 1835, the interior being divided by 
 a movable partition in the center, the men Friends occupying the southern 
 half and the women the northern half of the room, during the meeting ses- 
 sion. The seating accommodations were long wooden benches with a nar- 
 row back just fitting the shoulders of the usual-sized man, and in two rows, 
 in each half of the room, and faced to the west. On the western end of the 
 room were rows of benches, facing the east, for use of the elders; the 
 strict Quakers sitting with broad-brimmed hats on their heads. The rooms 
 were heated by large wood stoves standing midway of the room in the mid- 
 dle aisles. Samuel West and Jacob Hewes were the leading elders among 
 the men, at that time, and broke up the meeting with a hand-shake. The 
 meetings were generally silent, as Chester did not boast of a fluent preach- 
 er for this sect; Samuel West learned to quote a passage of scripture to 
 break the silence. Occasionally a well-knoMTi strange preacher spoke in 
 this meeting; one of the most eloquent and impressive being John Jack- 
 son, of Sharon Hill. 
 
 As an attendant of this meeting in my boyhood days, I realized the 
 old wooden benches were very hard and uncomfortable, long before the 
 hand-shaking came; and to break the quiet monotony, the Shaw and Rulon 
 boys with me, ate from our pockets — Prissy Wilson's molasses candy, or 
 boiled chestnuts, behind the tall bench backs in front of us, and in stuffing 
 our months, frequently choked on them, and received the disapproving looks 
 of the older members. If a boy went to sleep, he was apt to fall under 
 the back rail of the seat, to the floor. 
 
 James Street, East 
 
 Going back to the center of the town, and taking the north side of 
 James or Third Street, east from the old Thomas Clyde house, there stood 
 a double frame two-story house, fronting south, in one of which Jerry 
 Stevenson and his family lived; the other, I think, was occupied by Daniel 
 Thompson, a house and sign painter, and his family; to the east of this 
 was a vacant lot, on which, at a later date, the new Episcopal Church was 
 erected, and on which lot, that church, previously, had a one-story frame 
 building, used for Sunday School purposes; a passage way, to the west of 
 this school building, led to the rear of a frame livery stable, the front en- 
 trance of which was on Fourth Street; this was William Patrick's stable. 
 
 To the east of this school house was an enclosed trucking lot, to Welsh 
 Lane. 
 
 23 
 
Welsh Lane 
 
 On the west side of Welsh Lane, near to Third Street, were two small 
 frame houses, and from these to Fourth Street were lots of ground unbuilt 
 on. 
 
 The east side of Welsh Lane, from Fourth Street to the Commodore 
 Porter property, near the river, was not built on, but was abutted by the 
 meadowland of John L. Crosby, which extended from the Philadelphia Post 
 Road, now Fifth Street, to hip:h water mark of the river Delaware, being 
 banked in along the river front to keep out the tide waters, the lower lands 
 being ditched for drainage. These ditches were well grown with reeds in 
 the summer months and afforded good sport in reed-bird shooting, as well 
 as for bull-frogs of the large "bloody-nown," order, the legs of which made 
 a delicate dish for the table. 
 
 Fourth Street, East and West From Market 
 
 Fourth Street, west from Market Street, on the south side and west of 
 the old Irwin Tavern, had a row of two-story old frame dwellings on it; in 
 one of which old John Kelly and his family lived. On the north side of this 
 Fourth Street, west from the old workhouse, back from the jail, were other 
 two-story frame houses, in one of which, later, Mrs. Charlotte Doyle, then 
 a widow, lived with her son, John, and her two daughters, Lydia and 
 Louisa, or "Loui;" Mrs. Doyle then being the postmistress, with the office 
 in this house. 
 
 To the west, in other of these houses, lived a family of Trouts and a 
 family of Belts; James Belt, a son, was, later, a prominent druggist in Wil- 
 mington, Delaware. 
 
 Fourth Street, east from Market Street, on the south side, to the east 
 of the Terrill property, was not built on to Welsh Lane; other than a small 
 one-story house, near the Terrill property, occupied by John Denant and 
 his wife; and up to the time 'Squire George W. Bartram occupied the new 
 frame dwelling, erected at the corner of Welsh Lane in the 1840*s; where 
 he also had his Justice of the Peace office building, to the west of the dwell- 
 ing. 
 
 The north side of this part of Fourth Street, east of the Deshong store 
 building, had few, if any buildings on it, other than the very old frame 
 two-story house, about half way to Welsh Lane, the residence of old Peggy 
 Burns and Kit Kerlin, her companion, with its open lot extending to Welsh 
 Street. Peggy was reputed to be a witch, being old and wrinkled, and 
 walking with a cane, besides having a shrill voice and vile temper. She 
 was certainly the terror of the small school children, who passed her house 
 on the way to the old public school. 
 
 Old Public School 
 
 The old brick two-story school house was on the east side of Welsh Lane, 
 between Fourth and Fifth Streets, with its open, unfenced grounds extend- 
 
 24 
 
ing to Fifth Street. The west side of Welsh Lane, between these streets, 
 was not built on, the only building being an old frame stable on the rear of 
 the lot fronting on Fifth Street. 
 
 The teacher of the old public school, first recollected, was Caleb Pierce, 
 an elderly Quaker, who believed, as did most teachers of that day, that the 
 hides of scholars required loosening, by threshing, to allow knowledge to 
 penetrate, consequently he always had on hand a goodly bundle of strong 
 limber switches, and required the boys to provide these for him. This 
 whipping disposition v;as said to be a characteristic of an earlier teacher, 
 William Neal, another scion of the Quaker faith, as grown-up boys of 
 earlier years reported. 
 
 Caleb Pierce made quill pens with a sharp pen-knife for the scholars 
 to do their school writing, as this was practically before the steel pens came 
 in use. Caleb was a genius in the flogging game, practicing it on the palm 
 of the bent-back hand, with a flat ruler or stick; on the back and legs, vidth 
 drawn-off coat, either with the boy standing, or stretched, in bent position, 
 with hands resting on the desk platform; and if two boys were unruly, to- 
 gether, they were called up and required to thrash each other, to the satis- 
 faction of the teacher; otherwise, he took a hand in it; sometimes this 
 threshing was performed by the teacher, with the boy piggy-back on his 
 co-culprit, to draw the clothes tighter to his skin, both boys being whipped 
 in this manner; the author was allowed the satisfaction of flogging a boy, 
 with the teacher's stick, for plastering putty in his hair during school 
 hours. 
 
 Later we had for a teacher an elderly Irishman, Jimmy Riddle; but 
 Jimmy could not master the older boys, and soon lost control, and had 
 slates, ink-stands and other missiles fired at him, until the Directors were 
 forced to dismiss him. 
 
 The older people told of old Jack Rump and his son, Bill, that upon be- 
 ing reprimanded by the School Board for not sending Bill to school. Jack 
 said, as his reason, that he did send de boy to school till he got to larnin 
 dumber and dumber; that when he first went, he did know de way home 
 from school, but after awhile he got so dumb, he couldn't find his way home. 
 Bill took the advantage to have a good play time, after school hours. 
 
 In these, of my school days, the boys were sent for buckets of water to 
 the neighboring springs and we frequently carried it from a spring near 
 the east side of Chester Creek, north of the railroad, on the then property 
 of Samuel Edwards, several squares from the school house. This was 
 near the famous swimming rocks, at the edge of the creek, where boys and 
 men bathed, as it was a secluded point, at that time, only visible from the 
 railroad bridge; the opposite side of the creek being along the farm lands 
 of the heirs of Jonas Eyre. 
 
 Among my schoolmates at this old school were the sons and dau-^hter 
 of Samuel Shaw, James G., John Eyre and Emily; children of Job Rulon, 
 Isaac E., Hannah, Ann and Nathaniel; sons of Major Price, Bickem, Wil- 
 liam, Henry and John; sons and daughters of Joseph Taylor, Henry B., 
 
 25 
 
John, William, Anne and Kate; Joseph Ladomus, son of Charles Ladomus; 
 the daughter of Grossman Lyons, Josephine; the sons and daughter of Ed- 
 mund Pennell, Jonathan, Charles D. and Anna; the son and daughter of 
 Spencer Mcllvain, Henry and Ann Eliza; Y. S. Walter's daughters, Mary 
 and Virginia; Mary, Sallie, Laura and Anson Hard, daughters and son of 
 the Reverend Anson Hard; Sue Combs, granddaughter of Captain Robinson; 
 Henrietta and Charles Powell, daughter and son of Lemuel Powell; Hen- 
 rietta, daughter of John G. Dyer; and many other of the Chester boys and 
 girls, the Gibsons, Longs, Pikes, Morris, Collins, Chadwicks, Grounsells, 
 Buttons, Grubbs and others. 
 
 In those olden times, few men or boys there were whose first names 
 were not abbreviated, to the people of Chester, or a nick name given to 
 them. 
 
 Boys in those days were expected to do their share of the daily work. 
 So, in winter, I made up the grate fires in our dwelling, and my father's 
 office fire and swept the ofiice; fed, watered and cleaned stable of the family 
 cow; all before going to school in the morning, at 8.30 o'clock. In the 
 summer, spring and fall months, I helped with the garden work, weeding 
 and planting; brought the cow home for milking from her pasture, three- 
 quarters of a mile from our house; helped rake, load and mow hay in har- 
 vest time, and other odd jobs; still I had time to have a favorite girl, and to 
 gun, fish, and tramp the country at my pleasure. 
 
 Fifth Street, East 
 
 From Fifth and Market Streets, east and on the north side next to the 
 Columbia Hotel, was an old two-story house replaced later by new brick 
 dwellings, one of which was occupied by Robert Button, ex-sheriff, and 
 family; the other by George Wilson and family. The grounds and house 
 of Captain William Anderson were next, to the east. As I recollect him, 
 he wore blue spectacles and walked with a cane; his family, consisting of 
 his wife, a son, a daughter, Mrs. John Richards, and a spinster lady, Maria 
 Backster. The old brick two-story house, set back from the street, v/as 
 large. Math the front door in the center of the front and large rooms on 
 each side of the hall entrance. The grounds extended to Welsh Lane and 
 were filled with shrubbery and flowers, and the walks set with box-bush, 
 as were those of most of the old houses. 
 
 On the northeast corner of Fifth Street and Welsh Lane stood Joseph 
 Taylor's old wheelwright and blacksmith shops, his frame house being to the 
 east of them. 
 
 These were the only buildings on this Philadelphia Post Road, or con- 
 tinuation of Fifth Street, eastwardly, within the limits of Chester; other 
 than an old frame stable, in a lot east of Taylor's house, where old Jim 
 Bums kept and pastured his old grey fox-hunting horse, and in the stable 
 building he packed his hounds in winter months. The author got his first 
 fox-hunting experience, on one occasion, with Jim Bums, when a small school 
 boy, attending the old Chester Public School. Jim Bums, Ned Engle and 
 
 26 
 
Jere Stevenson turned out a bag fox on this old stable lot, during school 
 recess hour. An allowance of time being given the fox for a start, be- 
 fore the hounds were released from the stable building. The sport was 
 too exciting, to be resisted by a few of us school boys, and the writer of 
 this, with one or two others, followed on foot, as well as we could; late in 
 the afternoon we were picked up near the White Horse Hotel, on the Phil- 
 adelphia road and near the Lazaretta road, in Ridley township, and brought 
 back to Chester by some kind friend, in his buggy wagon. That fox was 
 killed in Car's thicket. 
 
 Welsh Lane, north from Fifth Street, was not then built on. 
 
 The south side of Fifth Street, east from Market Street, was not built 
 on, until a row of two-story frame houses was erected, half way down, and 
 Crossman Lyons erected his new brick house, west from Welsh Lane, and 
 Thomas Clyde his new brick house near the Washington Hotel grounds. 
 
 Fifth Street, West of Market 
 
 On Fifth Street, west from Market Street, on the north side, west of 
 the Dr. William Gray OfRce Building and grounds, the only building recol- 
 lected was the frame house and grounds of an Englishman, Edward Fla- 
 ville, and his wife, with their bonnet shop, she being a milliner; her son, 
 William, later being a prominent surveyor and business man of Chester; 
 another son, Edward, did not appear to come to much. 
 
 On the south side of this part of Fifth Street were few houses and 
 these very small and old, until James Bums erected his new frame dwell- 
 ing, adjoining the west side of the old hand-ball grounds, back of the old 
 County office building. 
 
 Wilmington Post Road 
 
 On the south side of the Wilmington Post Road, now Third Street, west 
 from the Chester Creek bridge, was a stretch of farm lands to Marcus 
 Hook. William Kerlin owned the land next the creek and from the river 
 to the Post Road, for a half-mile in length, to a small tract of land owned 
 by Samuel Shaw, extending to the river side and on which was only an old 
 frame barn, near the road. Kerlin's house was near the bridge, an old 
 brick, fronting north; his family consisting of a son, William, who was 
 lame, and his wife, Martha, and children; the son, who was a harness 
 maker, had his shop adjoining the house; his son is John H. Kerlin, 
 the present Superintendent of the County Alms House. 
 
 The Kerlin farm had an ice house on it, the ice pond being next the 
 creek and river, banked in and overflowed in the winter months, for freez- 
 ing. The Chester Creek noted flood of August, 1843, swept over this Ker- 
 lin Marsh and up to the house, washing out the street roadway, and making 
 a washed-out hole to the south of the road, just west of the bridge site, 
 into which the tide flooded. 
 
 Opposite the old Concord road, now Concord Avenue, was an old red 
 farm gate, which, by a lane, led to the river, where stood an old fish cabin, 
 
 27 
 
the shore being used for seine fishing. Mr. Kerlin had a fine bearing ap- 
 ple orchard near this cabin, which was a great temptation to the Chester 
 boys. The old frame building, spoken of as an old tavern, and near the 
 present Penn Street, was on this Kerlin property. 
 
 Before 1843, a row of frame houses was constructed on the south side 
 of Third Street, west from this old tavern building and extending up to 
 near the old Concord road; these houses were occupied by Jerry Stevenson 
 and family; the Bags family, who moved from the old tavern building, and 
 others; Captain John Booth occupying the western-most house, near the 
 terminus of the Concord road. 
 
 On the west side of the Chester Creek bridge and on the north side 
 of the Wilmington road, or Third Street, was the Brobson land, banked in 
 from the creek waters; William Brobson's house being opposite the present 
 Penn Street, as described in the early part of this history. His famliy con- 
 sisted of a wife and daughter. 
 
 To the west of this Brobson House, Captain Humphrey Gibson built a 
 new frame two-story house and lived there with his wife, three sons and a 
 daughter and here he lived for years. His sons were named James, Jesse, 
 Humphrey and William. 
 
 Next west is the old brick dwelling of Samuel Shaw, on the east 
 side of the Concord road, with its long front, and set back from the road- 
 way, it had its stoop-fashioned front door, the kitchen end being to the 
 east side. His family consisted of his wife, Mary Ann, and two sons and 
 a daughter, James G., John E. and Emily. He was called 'Squire Shaw, 
 and had a large ice house on his home place, which he filled in winter from 
 his marsh-land pond, below the south side of this Wilmington road; the 
 ice from this house, as well as from Kerlin's, supplied the fishing boats, for 
 the preservation of their fish; also ice cream makers. 
 
 The families of the town, having wells, used closed boxes lowered into 
 their water-wells, in which they kept their butter and meats cool and from 
 spoiling. In fact, the family of the writer did this at Media as late as 1863. 
 
 Next west, and at the northwest junction with the Concord road, stood 
 the very old brick Birtchell house, in which lived at that time Lydia Birt- 
 chell and her brother James; Lydia was an old maid, a school teacher, raw- 
 boned and red-headed. This house had several old locust trees in front. It 
 was among the very old buildings of the town. 
 
 Next west was a newly-built frame house, in which lived old Neighbor 
 Price and her daughter, Martha. Mrs. Price was the mother of Mrs. Ed- 
 mund Pennell and was a plain orthodox Quaker, attending the Sharpless- 
 ville meeting. 
 
 All these mentioned houses, on both sides of this old Wilmington road, 
 or Third Street, were located on banks several feet above the traveled road- 
 way, the foot approach to them being along a narrow pathway on top of the 
 banks. 
 
 Next came the apple-orchard field of old Samuel Smith; on the west 
 side of this stood a small one-story frame house in which John Grounsell, 
 
 28 
 
the English blacksmith, lived with his family. He had a well of water, 
 drawn with an old pole and chain bucket. John was a friend of other old 
 English people of that neighborhood — the Thurlows and Jeffries. 
 
 This Grounsell house was the last house on that road, before coming to 
 the old farm house of Richard (or Dicky) Flower, located to the west of 
 Lamokin run; this property was later owned by Abram Perkins, a Phila- 
 delphia merchant, who lived there for some years, with his family. The 
 Edmund Pennell newer brick farm house stood back from the south side of 
 the road, nearly opposite this Flower house, his farm extending from the 
 Shaw farm to the farm below of a Philadelphia man named Laws, whose 
 yellow house was near the river bank. 
 
 In later years, Samuel Ulrich built a square frame two-story house, 
 back from the north side of this road, and just east of what is now Parker 
 Street; to the west of it and nearer the road was a frog pond on the lots 
 purchased by Job Rulon and Edward Darlington, and on which lots they 
 pastured their cows, and harvested hay. Below this were the Bevan lots, 
 to Lamokin run. 
 
 West of the Flowers-Perkins property and to the north of this road, John 
 W. Ashmead, a Philadelphia lawyer, who married one of Richard Flow- 
 er's daughters, later built a large house, which was dashed on the outside 
 with a yellow-colored mortar, and which he occupied in summer, with his 
 family, until he moved to New York; he had two sons, one of whom is 
 Henry Graham Ashmead, now of Chester. Mr. Ashmead, with Lewis C. 
 Lavin, was an active member of the "Native American Party," during the 
 times of those American riots in Philadelphia, when several Catholic 
 churches were burned. 
 
 A doctor, William Young, afterwards owned this Ashmead house and 
 lands and lived there to the time of his death. Later it was owned and 
 occupied by William Reaney, of the shipyard. 
 
 To the west of this was a private road called Flickwir Lane, as Jere- 
 miah Flickwir, who married another daughter of Richard Flower, lived at 
 the end of it, in a frame house back from the Post Road and on the ridge 
 of land to the north; his children were Henry, Richard, and three daugh- 
 ters, Henrietta, Mary and Sophia. This family later removed to the old 
 house on James Street, in Chester; he then had a drug store in National 
 Hall, near the Chester Creek bridge. 
 
 To the west of this Lane was a low frame house in which old Davy 
 Hays lived, and being a shoemaker, he made strong wearing shoes for men 
 and boys of the neighborhood. The writer of this walked from Chester 
 to this house to be measured for the making of such shoes. 
 
 Below and west of the Hays house was the farm and residence of Wil- 
 liam Eyre, known to the writer as Uncle William, as he was a half brother 
 of my grandfather; he had a family of three sons, Randolph, Jesse and Isaac, 
 and three daughters, Sarah, who married a sea captain, and Ann and 
 Susann. 
 
 29 
 
To the south of the Post Road, opposite these described properties of 
 Flowers, Ashmead, Flickwir and Eyre, were the farms of Edmund Pen- 
 nell, Laws, John Jefferis, John J. Thurlow, and of William Eyre, as his 
 farm extended both north and south of the Post Road; and all these farms 
 bordered the river Delaware. They, as well as all river-bordering farms, 
 fed cattle for market, both by grazing and stall feeding with grain; and 
 the markets on the twenty-second of February made a display of fine fat 
 beef, sheep and pork, that could not be excelled. 
 
 These land ovv^ners were so closely identified with the old Borough of 
 Chester that I have given their locations. John J. Thurlow built and re- 
 moved to his farm after he left the old National Hotel in Chester, and his 
 new residence was called "Sporting Hall." Here he and his wife and daugh- 
 ter, Emeline, entertained in true old English-hall style, and day or night, 
 visitors were served in the most hospitable manner. Here also were held 
 an annual "Harvest Home" frolic and dance, the platform for the dance 
 being built out from the floor of the large bam, and people from far and 
 near attended and enjoyed themselves, both food and drink being supplied 
 in profusion. 
 
 Old Concord Road 
 
 Going back to the old Concord road, now called Avenue, and taking it 
 northwardly from the old Wilmington Post Road, there was a small stone 
 house on the west side, near the frog pond, on the back of Samuel Smith's 
 land and south from the railroad, in which house lived a poor white family 
 with children, none of whom did much work or wore much clothing. 
 
 On the east side of the road and south of the railroad, on the Eyre 
 land, was a small frame house, in which the colored family of Byard Buley 
 lived. 
 
 Above the railroad the farm of Jonas Eyre extended on both sides of 
 the Concord road and to Chester Creek, his old house being on the east 
 side of the road and back from it. 
 
 From that, northwardly, was farm after farm without buildings of 
 note, on both sides of the road. Other than Samuel Lytle's old house, on 
 the west side, above the Eyre house. 
 
 This appears to exhaust the places of note, of that day, that were in, 
 or closely near, old Chester, other than the old house of Spencer Mcllvain, 
 on the north side and back from the Philadelphia road, and to the east of 
 the Cochran farm, and east of what is now known as Chestnut Street. He 
 lived in this two-story stone white dwelling with his vnie and two chil- 
 dren, Henry and Anna Eliza. The large old bam near the house and to 
 the west of it is said to have been built in 1828. The Hyatt Military School 
 is now on that farm and near the old residence site. 
 
 From the river, Chester has now the appearance of extending from the 
 old Lazaretto to Marcus Hook, with its residences, workmen's houses, mills, 
 shipyards, oil works and other business places, while old Hook has extended 
 herself into the State of Delaware. 
 
 30 
 
Impressions. 
 
 What should have raised the ire of the quiet Quaker population of the 
 County against Chester is not known to the writer, but true it is, there was 
 the impression among them that Chester was a bad town, while on the oth- 
 er hand the people of Chester were possessed of the conceit that Chester 
 was one of the enlightened spots of the earth, and that a man who once 
 lived there was never contented until he returned to end his days. 
 
 As a boy bom and raised there, I loved old Chester and did not realize 
 any badness, or unworthiness, if it existed, more than in other places of its 
 size. The boys of the town were not notedly bad, or unruly, or given to 
 acts that were cruel or specially injurious to others, and the boys of my 
 day grew up to be useful citizens, of good characters. There was a small 
 population along the river front, both white and black, that were ignorant 
 and uncleanly, but they kept to themselves and did not interfere with the 
 better class population. The only rowdyism the citizens experienced was 
 from the factory boys and young men of Rockdale and the quarrymen's 
 boys and young men from Leiperville; these, on special days, like Fourth 
 of July, would come to the town prepared for a fight, and this was likely 
 to occur, with our town boys and young men. Another rowdy down-town 
 element came from Philadelphia on the excursion boats in summer months, 
 and these occasionally made a disturbance, as they were wilfully destruc- 
 tive to private property. 
 
 There were one or two practical jokers in the town, but these were 
 not of the manor-bom, being men who had earned their reputations in 
 other places before coming to Chester. But Chester did not produce many 
 of the old jail-birds. Of course, I am speaking of the olden times. Ches- 
 ter, Marcus Hook and Darby were the only towns in the County in those 
 old times, Chester being the larger of the three. The principal cotton mills 
 were located at Rockdale, on Chester Creek, Kellyville, and other mills on 
 Darby and Crum Creeks, at Leiperville, and at Trainer, in Lower Chiches- 
 ter. 
 
 I have outlived very, very many of those who were boys and young men 
 of my school-boy days, and but few, yes, very, very few of them are still 
 alive to recall these old scenes. 
 
 Out of the few remaining now comes the death of Henrietta Powell 
 Ladomus, the widow of Joseph Ladomus, he having died some six or more 
 years ago; the notice of her death speaks of her as a member of the Protest- 
 ant Episcopal Church and as a good, charitable woman, active in many 
 good works. Having seen her but a short time before her husband's 
 death, I found her mind and memory to be still active and that she was a 
 well-preserved woman. 
 
 Some of the writer's recollections of incidents in the old tov^m may 
 be interesting. 
 
 The first that made a lasting impression was the burning of the old 
 so-called "granary," or "grainery" building, on the north side of James 
 Street, between Market and Edgmont Streets; this, when the writer was 
 
 31 
 
a very small and young child, as he well recollects being taken from his 
 bed and held in arms to the rear window, facing west, to watch the remov- 
 ing of clothes and furniture, by the tenants, from the burning building on 
 the opposite side of James Street, to the yard and grounds of Edward Dar- 
 lington, my father, it being a cold, blustering north -windy night; also, he 
 remembers the alarm in his father's house, from the igniting of the build- 
 ing by sparks and burning shingles, coming into the loft-story, through a 
 carelessly left open roof trap-door, the roof having been protected from the 
 fire by constantly wetted blankets and coverings. The great protection to 
 the house, from the blazing fire opposite, being a large old Lombardy pop- 
 lar tree, on the street edge, in front of the house; this was entirely de- 
 stroyed by the heat. The singing of popular songs by the volunteer fire- 
 fighters working their old hand engine, "Liberty," is also well remembered, 
 they being stimulated with hot coffee, and much stronger drinks, for the 
 National Hotel was near and in danger, and few private families, at that 
 day, but had French brandy and wines in their homes. In fact, it was a 
 liquor age, and all taverns, grocery stores, both in Chester and other towns, 
 and in the country parts of the County and State, sold the cheap whiskey 
 from distilleries, in Pennsylvania and other neighboring States; even those 
 kept by orderly members of the Friends, or Quaker Society, for a harvest 
 could hardly be properly gathered, it was thought, \vithout the liquor jug. 
 Home-made wines, for entertainment, were a household requirement. This 
 selling by stores continued up to the time and after the Court did the grant- 
 ing of licenses to Inns or Taverns, etc. 
 
 The flood of 1843 came down the valley of Chester Creek from what 
 was said to be a "Cloud Burst." The v^nriter crossed the bridge going west 
 a short time before the flood came, there having only fallen a heavy show- 
 er of rain at Chester, being the usual August showers, which did not in- 
 crease the creek flow. In returning, a short time later, the bridge was 
 gone and all communication with the town, east of the creek, cut off. This 
 flood came in a vast wave, which carried away all bridges over the main 
 stream and its east branch; also all dam breasts on it, in Delaware Coun- 
 ty. Several persons were drowned, much property and stock destroyed 
 and mills and dwellings damaged. This was the only seriously damaging 
 summer flood, within the recollection of inhabitants of the County, but 
 heavy late winter and spring ice-floods were not infrequent and some 
 quite damaging. 
 
 As a boy, the writer knew all residents of Chester, both high and low, 
 and well remembers Tom White, an old soldier of 1812 war, who worked 
 for my father and lived in a loft over our one-story office building, adjoin- 
 ing the residence. Tom was a drinking man and when drunk his brain 
 ran on religious matters. After listening to a church sermon, when in 
 liquor he would preach over the sermon in a loud voice. Tom was run 
 over by the old "Liberty" Fire Engine, when drunk, in a fire alarm and 
 seriously injured, from which he never recovered, and being sent to the 
 
 32 
 
County Poor House, in Upper Providence, he died there and was buried in 
 its old burial ground, located near what is now Jackson and Third Streets, 
 Media; the Baptist Church stands near the spot. 
 
 Another old character was an idiotic white man, called "Lick lub 
 lasses," from the fact that he once asked to have a quart of West India mo- 
 lasses he had purchased, poured into his hat; this then placed on his head, 
 and it being a warm day, the molasses ran over his face, eyes and neck, as 
 he walked on the street, without seriously disturbing him. 
 
 Nicholas Murphy, colored, had been a southern slave, and was a good 
 workman and gardener. In his working for the family of the writer, we, 
 children, soon discovered Nick was a good story teller, and he received 
 from us many a mug of cider, nuts and ginger bread, in return for the stor- 
 ies told us of the olden times when animals could talk and behave as hu- 
 mans. Many years later the author found a book called "Uncle Remus' 
 Stories," written by a southern man, in which the stories told by the old 
 plantation darkies were narrated. It was then found that Nicholas had 
 learned his animal stories in his old southern home. One being how the 
 rabbit lost his long tail, by scaring the guests at a grand party given by 
 the more noble animals, by the beating of a drum on a distant hill, and how 
 when discovered, he was caught and had his long tail shortened by the bite 
 of the wolf. 
 
 The old "Liberty" Fire Engine had a water trough body into which 
 water was poured by buckets and tubs, and the force pump was worked by 
 hand levers, by men standing on the ground and by an up-and-down motion; 
 this old engine was preserved as a sacred relic of the "has been" of the old 
 borough. This, after its place had been taken in the 1840's by the fire en- 
 gine "Friendship," which was also a hand engine, but of the style then in 
 common use. This one had an enclosed body, for its water compartment 
 and its force pump; also a gallery and a suction hose, to draw water from 
 wells, ponds and creeks. The double levers forcing the water through 
 a hose, also from the branch pipe on the gallery. The levers being worked 
 by relays of men, both from the ground and standing on the platforms of 
 the engine, both front and back, the stream thrown being considered a 
 wonder, in those days, both for distance and quantity. This engine was 
 used for many years. 
 
 In the old National Hotel in the Thurlow time there, and later, dancing 
 lessons were given to scholars, by an old dancing master, a Frenchman 
 named "Labbie," and later by his son, "Frank." The room was a large 
 second-story parlor on the east end. Here they taught both ladies and 
 gentlemen in the evenings, and children in the afternoons. The dances 
 were the plain old waltz and the old cotillions; the music, the violin of the 
 dancing master. The elder Labbie, like other teachers, corrected the chil- 
 dren by blows; he, however, only cracked their toes with his fiddle bow, to 
 make them turn the toes outward. 
 
 Harvest homes and picnics were of frequent occurrence in summer, 
 and in winter, balls and dances, given at the National Hotel, and later in 
 
 33 
 
the third-story room of the Penn building; and these were attended by the 
 younger ladies and gentlemen of Chester, as well as by others from Phil- 
 adelphia and Wilmington, and frequently by Army and Navy officers, as 
 many of them visited Chester in those days. Bountiful provision was 
 made at these entertainments for a late supper, or other refreshments. 
 
 Some of the old officers who lived or visited in Chester in my younger 
 days were Major Waite and his wife; Major Levi Reynolds, Lieutenants 
 Edward F. Beale, Samuel Edwards, Pierce Crosby and William Truxton. 
 
 The children and young people also had their balls and dance parties. 
 The musicians came from Philadelphia for all these dances. 
 
 Chester was a musical town, at that time, and there were some fine 
 instrumental performers, both male and female, on the piano, harp, violin, 
 guitar, and flute, and even the old accordeon; and there were several fine 
 voices for the good old sentimental songs of that day; among these voices 
 were those of Robert Crosby and his sister, Mrs. Isaac Engle, and of Ned 
 Clyde. These gifted singers frequently gave night street serenades to 
 those who were favored, the singing being in front of the houses at a late 
 hour, accompanied with music. 
 
 Political mass meetings, or conventions, were held in Chester and at 
 other places in the county, in those hot old campaign days of the Whig and 
 Democratic parties; and ox roasts not uncommon, the whole ox being 
 roasted in the open, hung over a huge hot fire, on a spit, and being turned 
 over and over to give all sides a thorough roasting, which took hours, day 
 and night. Whole sheep were also served in the same manner. All these 
 were carved and served out, vdth bread, to the assembled people, on con- 
 vention day, who had also collected to hear the vigorous speeches of noted 
 orators, and listen to the political songs and the band music, for these 
 were enthusiastic political times. 
 
 From family history and old letters, I gather that my grandfather, 
 Preston Eyre, married Arabella Ashmead, of Philadelphia, and that they 
 lived in Chester, and had children, four sons and two daughters, John Ash- 
 mead Eyre, George W., Preston, and Edward Engle Eyre, and Ann Preston, 
 my mother, and Henrietta, who married Caleb Booth, at Macomb, Illinois, 
 about 1838, my grandfather having removed to Illinois about 1836 or 1837, 
 with his wife, daughter, Henrietta, and son, Edward; one son being then in 
 the West, John Ashmead, at St. Louis or Jackson; Preston being left in 
 the East, learning machinist trade, and George being a sailor at sea. 
 
 Letters from my grandfather and grandmother to my family are still 
 well preserved, and date as far back as February, 1838, showing he was 
 farming in a sparsely settled country, near the then small town of Macomb, 
 and which was still a small place in 1857, when I visited it. 
 
 I have in my possession old bonds executed by Preston Eyre to the 
 Delaware County National Bank, in the sum of fifteen thousand dollars 
 for the faithful performance of his duties as cashier; one, dated January 
 8, 1816, his sureties being Isaac Eyre and Jonas Eyre; the other, dated 
 August, 1827, with William Davis and Samuel Edwards as his sureties. 
 
 34 
 
My grandfather was the owner of the brick dwelling house on Mar- 
 ket Street, and the adjoining frame store building; also "a large brick 
 house on Market Square and James Street"; also "two adjoining frame 
 dwelling houses fronting on James Street"; also "a commodious stone 
 dwelling house fronting on James Street, with a large lot and garden ad- 
 joining, fronting on James Street"; also "a commodious frame dwelling 
 house, with lot and garden adjoining"; and also "two good stables with 
 lots fronting on Market Street," as described, in his hand bill, for public 
 sale, to be sold January 8th, 1844, at the "Public House of Morris W. De- 
 shong," which was either the old National Hotel, or the old Irving Hotel, 
 as Deshong had that house after he left the National. This I get from 
 the old hand-bill in my possession. 
 
 My father and mother were married in April, 1827; he was bom in 
 Chester County on September 17, 1795, and died November 21, 1884. She 
 was born at Chester, July 4, 1804, and died December 30, 1843. He studied 
 law under Samuel Edwards, Esq., one of the leading members of the Dela- 
 ware County Bar; as did Archibald Dick and Joseph Richards. He served 
 in the United States House of Representatives from 1832 to 1839. Other 
 of the members who served with him were Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, 
 John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina; Henry A. Wise, of Virginia; Muhlen- 
 berg, of Pennsylvania; Abram Mcllvain, of Chester County, and Prentice, 
 of Kentucky. 
 
 I have in my possession old Washington invitations received by my 
 father, while in Congress: three from the President, Jackson, one for 
 Thursday, the 2nd of January, 1834, at five o'clock; another for Wednesday 
 (without date) at five and one-half o'clock; and another for Saturday, Feb- 
 ruary 3rd, at five o'clock; one of January 6, from Mr. Cass, to a supper; 
 two from Mrs. Cass, one for Wednesday Eve, February 5th, the other for 
 Wednesday Eve, the twenty-sixth; one from Mrs. Gates for Friday evening, 
 February 21st, 1837, another from Mrs. Gates for Friday evening of Feb- 
 ruary 16, 1838; another from Mr. Seaton, to meet a few friends on a Mon- 
 day evening in February, 1839; another from Mr. Bodiseo for Tuesday, De- 
 cember 18th, at eight P. M.; one from General and Mrs. Tawson for Tues- 
 day evening, February 20th; also a note from Commodore Hull, dated June 
 10, 1834, presenting his compliments and asking my father's acceptance of 
 a "Snuff Box," as a memento of the "U. S. Frigate Constitution," and stat- 
 ing "the box is made of the live oak of our country and a part of the orig- 
 inal frame timber of that fortunate ship"; together with a copy of my 
 father's acceptance of the present. 
 
 Letters from my mother to my father in Washington, written in 1834, 
 and later, show what a great length of time it took for letters to pass from 
 one place to the other, at least a week and that uncertain. In one of her 
 letters she tells of an eloquent sermon she listened to from Edward Hicks, 
 delivered at the Philadelphia yearly meeting. In others she shows her 
 interest in Congressional matters, such as the Delaware Breakwater bill 
 pending, in which Chester people were greatly interested, both quarry 
 
 85 
 
owners and vessel captains; of the admiration she felt for Daniel Webster 
 and how she regretted he could not get the support of his party for the 
 Presidency; also, of her horror at the result of a duel fought by Henry A. 
 Wise; and of an effort to have the harbor piers removed from Chester 
 to a place below Naaman's Creek. She also tells of Joshua P. Eyre mov- 
 ing into his new store at James and Edgmont Streets. A letter from her 
 of March 10, 1834, tells of the recent burning of the steamboat "William 
 Penn," near Chester, and of Chester people on board, John K. Zeilin and 
 his wife; Sally Ann Neal, wife of William Neal; Elizabeth Pennell and her 
 child; and how the passengers were saved with great difficulty, after the 
 boat had been run into the mud flats; and others who leaped overboard and 
 were drowned. Another letter tells of the small-pox raging in Chester in 
 March of 1834. That year my father's house on James Street was being 
 reconstructed. 
 
 In those old days and up to a much later time, ox teams were largely 
 in use for hauling heavy loads, for farm work and ploughing. John M. 
 Sharpless used a long team of yoked oxen in hauling dyewood to his mills, 
 in broad-tire wagons. 
 
 Philadelphia was but a small city, as cities now are, extending only 
 from Broad Street to the River Delaware, and from above Vine Street 
 to a little below South Street, Kensington extending higher up the river. 
 Boxes, hogsheads and barrels were hauled on a one or two-horse dray. 
 
 Market houses were erected on Market Street, from Tenth to Dela- 
 ware Avenue; and on South Street and Callowhill Street, and farmers car- 
 ried their produce from the country in their old one or two-horse wagons, 
 and many put up at the old Black Bear Hotel, on the south side of Market 
 Street, near Fifth. The railroads ran their cars into the city with teams 
 of handsome grey horses; the Philadelphia and Baltimore road, from Gray's 
 Ferry, along Broad Street to Eleventh and Market Streets, until they con- 
 structed a large depot at Broad and Prime Streets. The fire department 
 of Philadelphia was a volunteer one and used the old hand fire engines and 
 hose carriages, drawn by men, on a long rope; fighting between companies 
 was the exciting event of a fire. 
 
 These things all appear to me as a huge panorama, as I look back and 
 recall. 
 
 In looking over an old copy of the newspaper, in my possession, the 
 
 "UPLAND UNION" 
 
 or 
 
 "DELAWARE COUNTY, KINGSESSING & BLOCKLEY ADVERTISER," 
 
 as the paper is called, edited by Joseph M. G. Lescure, dated September 18, 
 1832, I find a display of the Democratic Republican Candidates, as follows: 
 For President, Andrew Jackson; for Vice President, William Wilkins; for 
 Governor, George Wolf; with George G. Leeper named as the Delaware 
 County Elector. 
 
 36 
 
The County I)emocratic Ticket being given as: For Governor, 
 George Wolf; for Congress, Colonel Henry Myers; for Senator, James Sill; 
 for Assembly, Peter Hill Engle; for Commissioner, David Trainer; for 
 Director of the Poor, David Lyons; and for Auditor, James McMullin. 
 
 The National Republican Ticket is given as: Assembly, Samuel Ander- 
 son; Commissioner, Spencer Mcllvain; Director, John Sellers; and Auditor, 
 William Martin. The Election Proclamation is made by William Baldwin, 
 Sheriff. 
 
 This newspaper contains a number of business advertisements and 
 among these are: J. P. & W. Eyre, advertising The Sloop Chester Packet 
 "Hunter," Captain Harris, running between Chester and Philadelphia on 
 Mondays and Thursdays and returning Wednesdays and Saturdays; also 
 advertisements of George W. Piper, as druggist, and for cupping, leeching 
 and bleeding; also of Samuel Smith, for sale of lumber, bricks and coal; 
 also of Joseph Taylor, as coach and harness maker; also of J. Ashmead 
 Eyre, of store goods; also of Thomas Clyde and Jesse M. Justis, as store- 
 keepers; also of Samuel A. Price, as hatter; also of David Abbott, of his 
 saddlery and harness making, and showing his removal to house formerly 
 occupied by Samuel Smith; also advertisement of Rebecca Chadwick, of 
 sale of lot of ground, "on east side of Market Street, between Market House 
 and river, with two new frame houses on it." Also advertisement of John 
 Wells, of dry goods, groceries and liquors, at his store in Providence; this 
 was his store on Providence Road, opposite the Providence Friends' Meet- 
 ing House. The liquors advertised are named as "Cogniac and Champagne, 
 Brandy (the latter thirty years old) Holland Gin, Jamaica Spirits, Madeira, 
 Sherry, Port, Lisbon and Claret Wines, old Monongahela Whiskey, New 
 England Rum, &c., &c." 
 
 I have in my possession an original manuscript of "The Artful Dodger," 
 which bears the quotation "All the World's a Stage and the Men and Wo- 
 men Merely Players," which appears to have been issued in 1844 and is 
 marked "Pipes, Ed." The writing is in a very fine hand, much resemb- 
 ling the old handwriting of John K. Zeilin. The writer designates himself 
 as "Fancy Hat." This is a humorous sheet and a lengthy article is desig- 
 nated as "that Tea-Fight," and describes the persons alluded to, either by 
 their dresses, or by some peculiarity of the person. 
 
 Another article is headed "An Observation from Cape May," dated 
 July, 1844, and purports to be from "The Boy Tomivel Pipes." This is also 
 a humorous sketch; another article is headed, "Arrival Extraordinary"; 
 another "Popping Off"; another "The Boy"; and still another, "Sam Wel- 
 ler." This paper was secretly distributed around the town of Chester. 
 
 37 
 
MEDIA. 
 
 What led to the removal of the Court buildings to Media, was the 
 dilapidated condition of the old jail building at Chester, it then being un- 
 fit for safe confinement of prisoners. It was condemned by a Grand Jury 
 and a new jail recommended to be built. The removalists of the County, 
 influenced an act to be passed by the State Legislature, to submit the 
 question of removal of the Courts and jail from Chester, to a vote of the 
 people of the whole County, the place of the proposed removal adroitly not 
 being designated, as several locations were desirous to have the buildings, 
 and this naturally united the voters, outside of Chester, and influenced 
 their voting; the majority vote was in favor of removal to a more central 
 part of the County. The Media location was finally agreed on, as the 
 most central point, after a struggle to have the town located at or near 
 the Black Horse Hotel in Middletovsm Township; and an act of the Legisla- 
 ture was passed, incorporating the Borough of the "Burgess and Town 
 Council of the Borough of Media," and approved the eleventh day of March, 
 1850. 
 
 When the Legislature incorporated the Borough of Media, the act pro- 
 hibited the sale of intoxicating liquors in the Borough limits; this embraced 
 territory to a distance of two hundred and fifty feet eastward from the 
 Providence road, and took in "the old 'Anvil,' or 'Providence' Inn," (as it 
 was then called and kept by Peter Worrall, as landlord,) and the licensing 
 of that house ended. The incorporated town of Media then embraced the 
 old County Poor House and its farm lands, the Peter Worrall Tavern or 
 Inn, the store and dwelling of Isaac Haldeman, "the house still standing on 
 the west side of Providence road, and near the location of the John Wells 
 store; on east side, opposite this, is the Friends' Meeting House; a frame 
 dwelling house stood on the west side of this road, near Sandy Bank; part 
 of the Doctor Joseph Rowland farm and its residence; (still near Sandy 
 Bank School House); the John Wade old stone house (still on the north 
 side of State Street, between Plum and Jackson Streets) ; the old Briggs' 
 house (still standing on the north side of State Street, west from Orange 
 Street), afterwards the residence of Doctor Joseph Rowland; and the 
 William Briggs old stone house, still standing on the north side of West 
 State Street and west from West Street. In the year of this incorpora- 
 tion, the Court House and Jail buildings were erected and the Court Rec- 
 ords removed from Chester; but the Court House square was then with- 
 out tree or shrubbery of any kind; no railing and no paving. 
 
 That same year of 1850, the Charter House Hotel was largely com- 
 pleted and Doctor George Smith erected a three-story brick house on Olive 
 Street, east of the Court House Square, which was first occupied by Edward 
 Darlington and family, in the spring of 1851. In that year, William V. 
 Black erected a brick store building at the northeast comer of State Street 
 
 38 
 
and South Avenue, with a dwelling on South Avenue back from his store, 
 the site of the present Charter Bank. Media was then an unpaved town 
 and in i-ainy times, mud everywhere. 
 
 Very soon after, other buildings were erected and the town began to 
 improve. Meats in those days were sold, here, from butcher wagons and 
 vegetables, &c., from huckster carts; but the quality was good, as the meats 
 were all fresh killed, the cattle being fed on our home farms. 
 
 Chester was little improved until after the Courts were removed to Me- 
 dia, and particularly in the town proper, for several years after, notedly on 
 Market Street. The removal of the County Court business gave rise to the 
 impression that the town was ruined for improvement and business, and 
 would become a back number, as was, then, "Marcus Hook." This induced 
 the farm owners along the river to sell their holdings, and business men 
 took advantage of it, bought up land and erected ship and vessel-building 
 yards along the river front, to the west of the creek; also John Larkin, later, 
 made a smart trade of his Chichester farm for the old Cochran property 
 and he started building improvements on that; factories and work shops 
 also were erected and from that Chester became the great city she now 
 deems herself. 
 
 The wonderful changes that have taken place in my lifetime can 
 scarcely be realized. Buildings have gone from frame, stone and brick, 
 two and three stories high, to sky scrapers of iron and steel; vessels and 
 ships from the slow sailing craft, to motor and electric power, and steam, 
 and from short in length to well into a thousand feet; from months for 
 voyages to weeks and days and from plying on the surface of the waters 
 to ploughing beneath the surface, and resting on the bottom to elude dan- 
 ger. Railroads, from small wood-burning engines to huge coal burners; 
 from wooden passenger cars to steel palace cars; from stiff back seats to 
 parlor cars and sleeping berths; from twelve miles an hour to one hun- 
 dred or more; still more wonderful from steam to electric railways; ve- 
 hicles and freight carrying wagons, from horse to the automobile and mo- 
 tor, and from ten miles an hour, on the public roads, to from twenty-five 
 to fifty miles; mills, from water-power wheels to steam engine and electric 
 powers, with wonderfully improved machinery; farming, from the old 
 plow and the scythe and hand reaping, to motor power for all, and so on, 
 wonderful improvement in everything; even to leaving the earth and fly- 
 ing in the air on flying machines. Some of these flying machines are wa- 
 ter power boats, as well, as I recently witnessed, on the Delaware River, the 
 flying of a one-man machine, soaring over the water like a bird, turning at 
 pleasure, diving to the surface like a duck and resting on the v/ater; then, 
 with its power, skimming along like a motor boat and rising again to a 
 flight through the air; with such speed in air, or on the water, that shamed 
 the fast-runnng steamer I was on. 
 
 39 
 
From wood and charcoal fuel, we have gone to coal; from coal to gas 
 and to oil for heating and for cooking in our houses; and from the old tal- 
 low candle to whale oil, to kerosene, to gas and to electricity, to light our 
 houses, all in my day; to say nothing of the change in preparing food, from 
 the old Dutch oven, the skillet, the spider, the long-handle waffle iron, used 
 in wood fires in the fire place, and later, in the old wood stove for oven 
 cooking. 
 
 The alleged enlightenment extends to the destruction of life and prop- 
 erty by war implements and projectiles; far-carrying cannon, dreadful 
 bombs and poisonous vapors; until we may feel that an age of destruction 
 of life to depopulate the world has surely arrived. 
 
 But why try to enumerate the great advances, for many believe we 
 are still in our infancy, and what the future has for those who may live 
 to see it, is a matter of conjecture and wonder. 
 
 40