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 i so.Wsiq joj Snoijs ooj inopuo[ds y 31 
 
 'oiij9i mopu3[ds sji tuoij 'jcq b 3qi[ '3>[.inrj js-j 3j 
 
 — : a ^a3qn»3 
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 -uu[ jo puiq 3q; 3;B.i;sn[[T- o; soujns Aura u raoi;u[OA3|j qous.i j« 
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 'ii pssoddo oqAv [[u io ps.ijnq oo.isq Jisqi puu moi[n[o.v3V[ sqj jo sossaol 
 -xo js.ioaa 3qj jo uoT;-BogiJO[S oijutj.ij Jisq; jo 30U3[oia 3q; ui jng 9 
 
 •Sorg puB qomqf) 'A"io[S s.pu^iSu^; p[Q 
 
 'Suts psipan [[tav suoiug ioj 
 
 ; op.vsi osoqx iou 'otugqdsBiq siqx iovj .8 
 
 'sioqsoi sjqSu iioq; sSutaj pm; pof) o^ • 3 
 
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 'PXTav siiodsuBi; qijAV 'sojBiqgpo puy 
 '9U9ogrAJBUinSu2?s siq; sA^ofug; 
 
 'pitqo Sut[#fep SjUOflOB^ 'A3f)S3TI<J 13^ 
 
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 ..•9ITUI .. s?9Tnu9 .. dn ISBO .. IOU 'UIBOI SnOTlOBI atit. 
 
822 
 
 The Saturday Eeview. 
 
 [Decembei- ! 
 
 Milton, nnd f mra tl.e jko of Cowley : while from s „ch ktcr 
 
 ' ■ ! 07 ' :,ii,t Worf '.v.irlh ke nill- imilntioii-i .. „„„,;< 
 
 i.theynrehoppy. The paimioxical expression of Epist" 
 1. n. 28, Strenua nos cxercet inertio," is the source of Cowpet'e 
 WIio borno «liout 
 In chariots and aedans know no fatigue 
 
 is canght up nnd vaviously rcpented in Wordsworth's Fmmtam 
 
 i I' ■ i • Vr„..l,- lllli ,,„■ .. i,|,., „ ,.)... i,..,| ,, . | , i ■ , , , 
 
 ...I Kn-lisb [i,i,. t- rcach.-, tlio niorc nlive will he bo to the debt 
 which "ravo iiiiil o„y t didactic poets ond hnttertiv miio -io,.-. alil.o 
 owe to their Iloracc. Wliilo two of Koblos linos iu ll.o U.rirti,,,', 
 Year (SS. Philip and Jnuies), 
 
 Tby youtli-sTilcalToard!" 
 are cleorly traceable .. |. .,,, , 's^QuiacpiijB ingentes oculo irretorto 
 Spectat acervos,-' Od. II. ii. 23, "Anocreon " Moore vr.ll ,,,.■ tmnul 
 1 - --> borrowed from Od. I. xxv. 17-20 ("Laato quod pul 
 
 &c.) thought embodied 
 
 . .vlior, ...ini i 
 
 !'rj;w l 'o 
 
 b this affluence of illustration which 
 a claasical iditijn ■■!. !,,.<■<■; :iucl ii w> 
 l pnssage in Mr. Yonge's Horace that might have 
 
 n ; 
 
 might perhaps suggest to hin 
 at the opening of Byron's Corst 
 
 thinlung cousti- 
 paralleled 
 
 Cling to liis couch, aud sickeu years away, &c — 
 as bemg something moro than an accideutal coincidence of 
 thought with Epode XVI. 37-S 
 
 37-»— " Mottts et exspcs Inomin; 
 
 - y be doubted, too, whether, except 
 
 COSes of singular taste and beauty, the drafts of proso writevs 
 Hornce deserve notice. One gets a laugh, but that is alt, out 
 Mr. Yooge*s Ulu ugina" as it oco 
 
 at Sat. I. i. 3, " Vivat, laudet," by menus of a pnssn™e from one 
 Sydney Smitii'a MoralPhiloi ophy Lecture 
 have foreseen that he was thus to bc " pu 
 have brushed up a sentence which Mr. Y< 
 
 of idiom, but which is really a rich specimcn of slipshod. "J\o 
 one would lnugh to see a 1x1 1 
 
 see sueh an accident happen to an old man, or hisfathcr." Whose 
 r fatlier? The old man*s, if tve are to be gnided by gmmmar. 
 Apart, however, from u fow auch superfluilies, the parallelistic 
 jij:it-nrc i.> one of th... chief charms of the volume before us, nnd is 
 calculated to be of great service to young students seeldng to 
 constri'" ei ou0 . o o «-itl. tooto and ncatness, as well as to translators, 
 who, nertto&cleai oadeistondJiig dttia bngina^will lind thei 
 best equipmu.1 i KngKahpoetswht 
 
 are most indebted %o hroa. Eut this is far from the only notabk 
 feature of the work. As a sound esponent of grammatical 
 peculiarities, antl ;i rmicjtl Jkcvim.i.uator of the value of conflictin 
 OtorieSj Mr. Yonge merits, for the most part, very hig 
 prai-o. I-Iis research has been extensive aud thorough ; and th 
 results of it bu Iw hui.hihiy :iiin..'i.t at Ij.viiiyiji:' -fviihin ma.na<.v 
 
 ars cling to Latin notes, as admitting of 
 mpression than English. But such editora 
 , hy cnreful digestion of uiatter, it is pos- 
 
 pi,.,-.. ,!,.,-,,; ,1 
 us wul) ns 
 r," thf-,.. woi 
 
 nlthough, whilc (lius pi.-.-.i 
 iii(lt'*pi i int('[it jin.lgm(.'iit 1 
 
 f independence, ho does : 
 c for ecanty research. 1 
 
 tuund (..■.\..'(.])tin-' I 
 
 weigh 
 iU be 
 tions. Wc recoguise the force of his reasons for ndoptine 
 
 „...1111^ u-ndiDg at Ode III. xxiv. 4, "Tcn.-.mi,i ,- ;,„■ 
 
 maiL' miljliciini, ' uj-b-.j ,,; ii, ( . ,,i,| [■,.■;„ lin^^ '■ 'JViiIkuimii om 
 tuis ct mnre Apulicuni." " Terrenum," as he shows from Li~ 
 
 ' [.ul.licui.. 
 :i'|^ :i; - ; ;:! " in'<l^> m.-i:,.1 i,ir coiint ,' - : m;,, ,, '■ f, ;,■ ,, ,i " 
 
 tlmtwe ehould construe " though you should invadi witn ■'., 
 . ibbli all the laud andsea, which is open to all." To the oth 
 feadinga fcnere aie objectionfl as to Btrucfiure, guanfitv, and fitna 
 
 " nuMl.j" ::r,','ins (c 1)0 (il-.l r.i' m].:,-,. : -\ , ui ! [,_-,■ , , , v . ;l | ( ;!,, ,,, 
 
 Byllable Bbort^ is onheard oi - and &pnliB was not a const or count 
 of favourito resort. We agree, too, wiil. m .-. , ■ , , pll , 
 ,„, i. ■.,.,..; "alveo" to "ajquore," m Od. III. xxbc. 34. On t 
 other hand, there are passnges— e.g. Epist. I. vi. 51, 
 
 that of Bomo ahopheepei 
 
 
 " lish notes nre necessarily 
 Horace doubly 
 
 as 3Ir. Yonge 
 
 sible to refute the notion that Kngl 
 prolix. Keeping this aim in view ; hi 
 cujm ;;!.]«_■; nnd, whilc he is succinct, he never leaves us 
 lm-ch through lack of decision. A great help to this is his 
 indepeudence of judgment. Though, as a rule, he attnches 
 iuu.ii su-ight to Dielli, we flnd him as early as the first ode 
 of Book I. diflering from that authority on the explanntion of 
 "Nec paitem solido demere de die" in v. 20. Urelli would 
 connect this lino with those that follow, nnd with the Italian 
 " &iesta," but Mr. Youge refers it chiefly to the preceding verse, 
 and tho "cups of old Massic." His citation of Ode XI. iii. 6-13 
 seems to prove that the "siesta" is not the leading idea of the 
 verse iu questiou ; nnd this gains confirmation from the reflec- 
 tion that, as the old Roman "ccena"was not till neor nightfall, 
 it wns drinking, and not sleeping, to which the poet referred as 
 entronching on the day's work. On the other hand, JUr. Yonge 
 rivliHy iipprovL^ OvAWx interprclntion of Od. I. vii. 7, "Undique 
 
 v ,,i.j. 
 
 pntponere olivain," which he takes to' 
 
 nn olive wreath won trn.n every p;n t ..!' tho 
 This is suruly bettcr 
 
 legendary lore about Pallas and her city. 
 
 t)i;.n li(-nthy'sexplauation,that "undique decerptnm olivaui 
 "an olive tree stript of leaves by every poet," although Mr. 
 0...iii.iL'l(.ii"s lr;i[i:-l.ii!..ii ;-,.., 1,1 u> i';H-our the latter. 
 In another pnssnge in the Odes, III. xxv. 1 2 — 
 Lustratom Ehodonen. Ut mihi devio 
 Ri|.:i* tt vacmmi nemus 
 Mirari libet- 
 Mr. Yonge disapproves of Orelli's punctuatiou, which removes the 
 fidl-stop after " Khodopen," so as to make " ut " depeudeut on 
 "non secua," which is contrary, as Mr. Yonge abundantly shows, 
 
 Porrigere— 
 where, though he seeras to think the question settled, tbere ia 
 room for great diflerence of opinion as to tbe ini.< yyr,.un ,,,,,. 
 Oi.llis velVn.'iite to a 1'uinpeinii iresco couvinces I\ir. Vi.iige tluit 
 what ia meant here is, a candidate for popular favour, nfter a hint 
 from the " nomenclator" at hia elhow, etretching h 
 — '-i and weights piled ot 
 other. The use of 
 78, hardlv aiitho] izefi 
 interpretation here of " traua pondera." Acion'd i 
 which make8 the candidate stretch out his hand 
 structions of the Eoman atveets, though unnoticed by Mr. Yonge, 
 is, to say the lenst, ns obvioua. "We prefet ' '" 
 Gesner's explauation, " ultra aequilibriuni Bive 
 
 pffl (lefei he candidate gettiug oft' his balance in 
 
 eftbrts to be popular), not only on the strength of the paiallel 
 prolapsa suas in ponderavires," but beca 
 " passage, 
 
 "inIi.T th/t.t iu I. xvii. 9, \\i. y",,n;'o sh-.uld have pre- 
 ferred the rending favoui-ed by Orelli, " Nec Martialefl EtsediUsQ 
 lnpos " (" Hiediliaj " being supposed to be a hill in the neighbour- 
 hood), to the, foi once, extremi . i ■ probable oorrection of Bentley, 
 " hajduleae " ; more especially ns the scholiast Acron gives the 
 latter reading, and iutt-rpruts it. •• ha.lonim septa." 
 
 These, however, are debateable p. lints, atil it is sntisfactory to 
 iitul jtu editor n.in." indrp. iKk-nily it.,' Ii-ln which reseaich and 
 acumen afford him. This keeps tum fioxa endorsing, though he 
 notices, Mr. Parry's theorv that, iu Ode I. ix. 1 1, " TJeprcelinntes " 
 menns " ceasing to rnge"; it enahles him to see thnt " idem," 
 not " medius," is tbe predicate in II. xix. 27-8, " Sed idem 
 P.-icic. erii-; u.cdiusque belli" (you were the same in the midst 
 "■ l'facc iuiii war)j and it helpa iu.vi, at Epode iv. 16, to explain 
 "Othone contempto" hy_ th« BUppositioi] b it, whereas Otho r s 
 scheme aimed ai ■: .■,.■.;! ... .11 i,,u 'uiwnui .■, -,■." h\ ; , 
 property 
 
 
 Lucret. VL 574, " 
 Lachmaun and Mui 
 both to accept *' 
 
 here. Recurring to the 
 
 ,. X |,M'-ion ' 
 
 3 valuable a feature as itis inMr.Hayman's Odyssey. 
 
 Now aud then, towards the close of Mr. Yonge's nnuotations, a 
 .88-9thefate: 
 
 Porrccto jugulo historias, captivus ut, audit. 
 The usual interpretation is that the usurer took out his interest 
 in dunuing the historics he wns writing into his debtor's enrs. 
 Itimkiii» in.wmlnvs i.u.v •■-■ nl..ii ; . willi :-cl.<.l.u..hip, I..1.1 w<-,v ih, 
 | 11 it t 1 ,. ,,■ u-ury? Mr. Yon<»e 
 
 throws no light on the point; but, in default of a better sense, 
 we should refer the words to the luckless debtor's being doomed 
 to listen with neck outstretched, like a slave's fur cxrcntiou, 
 to the usurer's bitter tales or precedeuts about other di-bl.ii>. V 
 note would not have been amiss on the peculiar . .1 hi, «i,,i, 
 ' " Any slight omissions, 
 
 1 may pomt to the uotes 
 on Ode I. x. 1 1, "Yoco dum terret," and Ode I. xxxiii. 1, ' " 
 dolens," as snmplea of the thorough treatment of ■■iviiiiu;, 
 queations: and to the introdnctioiifl to eacl poem, ivhii a 
 
 . which maniully 
 ■ liin uKy ."'l 1 history and biography. An cxcvlleut 
 it the beginning of the volume is a sort of promise, 
 tho body of the work, that the geograpby of Horace 
 neglected. 
 
 to orthograpby, Mr. Youge affccts modern fashione. Ha 
 pnnts " arduist " for " ardui est," aud is incliued to prefer 
 "honustos " to " onustos." This is very trying b those lin?erin» 
 preiudiccs nl' (.■r,i],.i'i'\i.ti-.n tn which the pi.-i y,-nr h.i,--. hucn "ivii,'- 
 
 ■tllUciH.pdvynirc. WcVfWc l.lil.ilc.l I.. bc < J H ( . i D I , Wc liicjliL ,-ii, ■■■,■.-( 
 
 iliore exactn.fs in every-dity printing ;m 11 niiitlcr <..(' ^'ivjiifrmi- 
 poitance. Li Kpist. I. i. 95 nnc duc-. nm ..■>;] .cct to iim! " ri.h-u^ " 
 
 pse of " mauu " being, 
 . next epistle, at v. 66, ' 
 ist. I. vii. 55, wehave " 
 t we ai'e too grateful for 
 
 printed " pallem ;" ;:nd in 
 
 ■- 'iih,',- 
 
 opic specks on the sun. 
 1 Eton and King's will 
 
 t oi Macleane 
 

 
 &$ 
 
 AUGUSTUS 
 
 (firorafiieBlacas CollectioTi, Brit.Mus. ) 
 
/jWfcL* i^L^^u ; Q^az^ ^p u 
 
 /££^- /2 /! ^ 
 
 QUINTI HORATI FLACCI 
 
 O P E E A. 
 
 THE COMPLETE WORKS 
 
 HORACE 
 
 EDITED BT 
 
 THE EEV. J. E. YONGE, M.A. 
 
 ASSISTANT MASTER AT ETON, 
 LATE FELLOW OF KIXg's COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. 
 
 LONDON: 
 LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 
 
 1867. 
 
REFEHENCE HOOU. 
 
 AUTOCRAPH COLLECTION. 
 
 \$C7 
 
 ETON: 
 PRINTED BY E. P. WILLIAMS. 
 
 By Transfer 
 
 D. C. Pubfic Library 
 
 Mfe 2'1 1933 V 
 
 J^ 
 
DISTRICT °ZRW^fS}A PROPERTY 
 
 TRANSFERRE^FlMf^- - % LIBR^R^ 
 
 t* TO THE 
 
 O^ 
 
 REV. C. O. aOODFORD, D. D. 
 
 PROVOST OF ETON. 
 
 %a 
 
 
 My Dear Provost, 
 
 I am much indebted to you for the encouragement 
 you have freely and kindly given to this work of mine, 
 and for the permission to dedicate it to yourself. 
 
 In proposing this, my desire was to associate the work 
 in some degree with the name and fame of Eton ; to 
 send it forth from our local Press, as an offshoot of the 
 scholarship fostered in this ancient School and College. 
 
 I might, having myself been a Member of the Sister 
 Royal Foundation, and remembering that its present 
 Provost was the first to originate the idea of compiling 
 and issuing an Eton Horace, have hesitated between 
 his claims and yours upon any tribute of respect that I 
 had to offer. But we Assistant Masters (like the Ar- 
 menians in Tacitus) are ambigua gens ingeniis et situ. 
 Actual members of an University College, we are locally 
 and virtually attached to this place, round which cluster 
 

 ,/ie rccollcctions of carly training, and thc thoughta of 
 present usefulness : and it is an object of honourable 
 ancl grateful ambition to produce any work worthy of 
 the Imprimatur of the Collcge, and the approbation of 
 its representative — yourself. 
 
 T address myself in this edition to Scholars generally, 
 and the literary world. Not that I have the pretensions 
 to teach, which some may think implied in the name of 
 Editor— 
 
 1 1 only speak riglit ou, 
 1 1 tell you that wliich. you yourselves do know.' 
 
 But having lived many years in an Horatian atmosphere, 
 among Colleagues too of the keen ancl tasteful scholarship 
 whom you, your predecessor, and your successor have 
 rejoiced to gather under the shadow of these walls, — I 
 needed but the humble qualities of method and observa- 
 tion to gather, and simplicity of language to convey, 
 much that served for illustration of my subject. Eton 
 abounds in springs intellectual, as our neighbouring 
 high commons do imnatural springs, plentiful and proper 
 for irrigation, w&niing\bufc 4fne channel to draw them 
 off. 
 
 I have tried, &>? 6V dvrjp 0x6-7-7770?, to open such a 
 
 channel, to clraw off the ready rills into the vale of 
 
 literature. If they iiow clear and perennial, thanks 
 will be due to many friends. 
 
 It is by degrees that the book has assumed its present 
 size and substance. I thought at first only of supplying 
 a good School Manual, taking salient points, correcting 
 
prevalent errors, suggesting an outline for lecturiiig. 
 Then a wish for fuller detail led to an Appendix, miscel- 
 laneous, and, in some points that required argument, 
 copious. The present work has a wider range and aim : 
 minor and elementary notes have been withdrawn, to 
 make room for new matter, and for the citations, which 
 are mostly substituted for mere references, 
 
 I trust the execution of the whole will prove worthy 
 of the sanction you extend to it. You are not of course 
 answerable for my short-comings ; but your name, thus 
 placed at the head, may well be received as a general 
 guarantee that the plan has not been hastily or heedlessly 
 undcrtaken. 
 
 I am, 
 Very thankfully and sincerely yours, 
 JOHN EYRE YONGE. 
 
 ETOX ; 
 
 .\",i st, 18G7. 
 
NOTICE. 
 
 The Head of Augnstus is to form the Prontispiece, and the Map of 
 Italy to be placed at the beginning of the Text. 
 
 This Head of Augustus t the small one of Horace in the Title-Page, 
 and the Muse at p. 197, are exact copies, taken by W. J. Croydon, 
 Esq. F. R. S., from the Gems of the Blacas Collection, recently added 
 to the British Museum. 
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 ' lector, debes ignoscere si quid 
 c Erratum est illic prseteritumve mihi.' 
 
 Ov. 
 
 TEXT. 
 
 ®' n' ' oo' rfor ccelum read caelum. 
 p. 5. v. 38, J 
 
 p. 17. v. 10, for utcunque read utcumquc. 
 
 p. 19. v. 14, add et before principe. 
 
 NOTES. 
 p. 4. on Carm. I. i. 17, for at idem read et idem, 
 p. 44. „ Carm. II. iv. 1, for /acio read facie. 
 p. 187. „ Sat. II. vi. 63, read irpdais for 7r/ja(rjy. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 It is curious to contrast the number of Continental Editions 
 of Horace with the rarity of those of English growth. 
 The latter may be counted on the fingers ; the list of the 
 former, given fifty years ago by Mitscheiiich, extends over a 
 hundred pages. Yet Horace has been eminently a favourite 
 with our Scholars_, imitatecl and paraphrased perpetually, not 
 seldom translated, quoted universally at all times, on all 
 subjects. It is strange if he has not his full share of patient 
 editorial regard and criticism, of comment and elucidation, 
 claiming to be at once popular and sound. 
 
 It is not that he does not invite such care : his style may 
 appear at first sight easy, but there is no book in which a 
 careless student is more liable to mistake ; a charactei istic 
 due perhaps to his nicety, polish, and exactness of language, 
 and which in part accounts for his general adoption in school 
 teachirjg and in all classical tests. 
 
 Again, he may be illustrated at every step from other 
 Latin authors, and in turn renect light on them : he is full 
 of Lucretius ; his adaptations from Cicero and Terence are 
 remarkable ; his coincidence with Virgilian expressions still 
 more so ; Ovid has borrowed freely from him ; Persius is 
 almost wholly to be explained from him : so that, small as its 
 bulk is, there is probably no other single book that gives a 
 student so much insight into the peculiarities of the Latin 
 language, or would so weil prepare him for meeting and 
 
 B 
 
ii PREFACE. 
 
 mastering the thousand and one problems of an University 
 
 Examination Paper on the writers of the Augustan or tlie 
 
 Silver Age. 
 
 At the same time the task presented to an Editor of Horace 
 
 is far less formidable than that of commenting upon many 
 
 other authors. Equal discrimination and practice may be 
 
 required, but far less research. The questions of ethnology, 
 
 legend, philosophy, that open upon an Editor of Virgil, would 
 
 seem to be absolutely inexhaustible ; the topics of discussion 
 
 in Horace are limited by narrow lines, and close at hand. 
 
 His poems are either imitative, and require from a commen- 
 
 tator a not very extensive knowledge of the dramatic and 
 
 lyric poets of Greece ; or they are personal, anecdotical, 
 
 touching on common life or Roman manners. And this is 
 
 no doubt one reason of his coming home, as it were_, to all 
 
 readers, one secret of the interest belonging to him. " The 
 
 proper subject of mankind is man •" and he has treated this 
 
 subject lightly and naturally. He is_, as it were, playful to 
 
 the passing observer, suggestive to the thoughtfo.1. Other 
 
 poets have their separate spheres, their own distinct lines of 
 
 gracefulness or glory, their place and rank in the library, 
 
 their set and special study : but Horace, whatever his rank 
 
 or merit as a poet may be_, is also the familiar acquaintance, 
 
 the everyday companion ; the Addison* of the Augustan 
 
 age : the volume is, in its degree, a refined literary handbook, 
 
 one ; like the author himself, 
 
 Quem tollere reda 
 Vellet iter faciens.f 
 
 This is perhaps chiefiy the English estimate, and I know 
 
 not how far it may be ascribed to any resemblance between 
 
 * I refer my readers to Macaulay'g masterly sketch of Addison. 
 
 f I am tempted to quote a case in point, — thafc of two friends of mine, 
 not many years ago, at Eome, meeting as strangers, bnt presently discover- 
 ing a common ground of interest in University distinctions, and still earKer 
 recollections of the same Alnia Matercula. They soon came to (what I 
 ventnre to call) a very Etonian agreement : You put your Horace in your 
 pocket ; Iwillput the horses to my carriage ; and we will go to TivoU. 
 
PREFJCE. iii 
 
 our own national character, and the Roman when cultivated 
 and refined. Certainly it is rernarkable how extensively 
 Horace has coloured the literature and permeated the mind 
 ofEngland. Poets, statesmen, moralists draw their senti- 
 ments or support them from him : Pittfs well known resigno 
 qu(B dedit, — Lord North^s punning correction of nimirum, 
 when unduly shortened into an anapaest, — Newton of Olney^s, 
 even Matthew Henry's, perpetuai citations are instances. 
 Burke cannot discuss the Revolution Society and its princi- 
 ples, without citing and dressing up in metaphor condo et 
 compono quce mox depromere possim ; and his language 
 (whether he had the passage in his memory or not) serves as 
 the finest exemplification that exists of the meaning of concor- 
 dia discors. 
 
 For a specimen of beautiful and instructive parallelism, the 
 readermay refer to the quotation from Young 's Night Thoughts 
 in the note on Ode IV. vn, which however has not been 
 brought forward by any preceding Editors. 
 
 In this respect especially, which has been but too gener- 
 ally neglected, and, in the nature of things, cannot well be 
 supplied by foreign Editors, I think that a new and English 
 edition of Horace is a desideratum. Without touching on 
 the conclusions plainly stated by Mr. Shilleto, in his Preface 
 to the de Falsa Legatione, the value of this feature in a com- 
 prehensive English edition must be manifest, whether as 
 involving helps to vivid and expressive translation, or as a 
 link in the world of letters, and an evidence of the reaction 
 and play of thought : and I hesitate not to assert that, in the 
 case of no other author, is such iilustration so proper, so ac- 
 cessible, so abundant. 
 
 The merits, tendencies, and tone of his works, it is not my 
 province to discuss. I will just mention, that they have been 
 discussed pleasingly and instructively in the Lectures on 
 Poetry by the Rev. E . Monro ; and I think it well conceived 
 that, in Horace's lyric and ideal world, in the Qdes, the 
 
 B 2 
 
iv PREFACE. 
 
 plaintive charactcr of the poctry gives it a point of union witli 
 modcrn feeling. 
 
 I pass rather to the critical qucstion respecting the form 
 and structure of his Lyrics, and I extract (both for its own 
 value, and as my authority for printing the Odes as I do 
 without headings) the following passages from an essay by 
 Buttmann, translated in Vol. I. of the Philological Museum, 
 p. 441 :— 
 
 " Far tlie largest part of the titles to Iiorace's poems consist of ad t 
 witli tlie name of tlie person to wliom the poem is addrest. This is 
 just our own mode, which we ascribe to tlie ancients, by wliicli a dedi- 
 cation becomes an empty form, devoid of any real meaning. The 
 ingenious practice of tlie ancients, in speaking on a matter wliicli 
 touclied tlieir heart nearly, was to fancy tliat some person, wliom they 
 loved or esteemed, was standing by them, and to sliape their thoughts 
 as if they were talking to him. This could not be exprest in a better 
 or livelier way than by a simple vocative, which they introduced in a 
 suitable place, but the pleasing effect of wldch is altogether missed, if 
 we have already had to read the name at full length at the head of the 
 poem. Let a person for instance only read the Odes to Fuscus and to 
 Postumus (I. xxn. ; II. xiv.) and he will feel the truth of my assertion. 
 
 " When Horace, in copying a pretty Greek poem, such as in Ode 
 I. xviii. renders it word for word in this manner, 
 
 Nullam, Vare, sacra vite prius severis arborem, 
 one clearly sees that his sole view in this address was to give his imita- 
 tion a livelier air ; and that a title, which makes the poem look like a 
 poetical epistle actually sent to Varus, and callecl forth by some real 
 occurrence, is a complete absurdity. 
 
 "From these vemarks, it is clear in the first place, that, like every 
 title of whatever kind, which points out the object of a poem any 
 further than that object is distinctly and fully exprest in the poem 
 itself, every dedicatory title, which is not grounded on a vocative of 
 this sort, is utterly wrong, and has grown out of some blunder or some 
 arbitrary interpolation. * * * * 
 
 " The absurdity of the present titles, taken collectively, appears 
 also from this, — that, while as we have just seen, the accidental occm-- 
 rence of a vocative in an ode is made the ground for heading it witli a 
 name very slightly, if at all, connected with its subject ; when the poet 
 on the other hand couches his thoughts in such a form, that the name 
 he is doing honour to appears oniy in the third person, although the 
 whole ode relates to him, like that on Numida's return (I. xxxvi.) it 
 is still left without any title, as if it were on some general topic. 
 
PREFACE. v 
 
 " No mistake however can be more unfortunate, than tliat of looking 
 ' on the Odes of Horace as a number of occasional poems, each of which, 
 at the time when it was composed, was grounded, as a matter of course, 
 on some real occurrence, and could not be understood, to the full extent 
 of its meaning, except at the moment and by the persons concerned in 
 it, though Horace published it some time after, because it flattered one 
 of his friends, or because it happened to be lying in his portfolio. The 
 only end that Horace kept constantty in view was, to give the Grecian 
 lyre to Latium. Tvlth. this design he took many of the best subjects, 
 with which the Greek models furnished him, fitted for being treated 
 lyrically, and imitated those models, but in a genial spirit of imitation : 
 at times, as one may fairly presume of such a writer, his own imagina- 
 tion supplied him with like subjects : now and then too — for who will 
 deny this ? — incidents in his own life, or among his friends, aflorded 
 him materials, which he made use of for a similar purpose. 
 
 " TYhen, in the course of a few years, his pen had thrown off a 
 number of such essays, he collected a portion, though, as we know and 
 see, only a small one, of his earlier and later pieces, which, by steadily 
 and laboriously polishing them, he had brought near to what he con- 
 sidered as perfection, and, uniting them in a book, now at length sent 
 them out into the world. Nobody, it is to be hoped, will fancy that 
 each of these collections was conveyed by Horace with a number of 
 Scholiums ; or that high and low in Home were familiarly acquainted 
 with all the anecdotical incidents which gave rise to each several ode ; 
 or that our poet, whose grave and noble purpose we have just stated, 
 went about his task so negiigently, as to bind up even a singie flower 
 in the posy he placed before the public, the real excellence of which 
 could not be fully discerned without a knowledge of such trivialities as 
 the Eonians were no less ignorant of than we are. 
 
 " The reader, who looks at all the allusions in Horace's lvrical 
 poems, with the exception of the patriotical ones, from an ideal point 
 of view, will, so far at least, be fully able to relish every beauty that 
 they contain." 
 
 I come now to the consideration of tlie Text adopted. In 
 determining it, I have relied mnch upon Orelli, his judg- 
 ment as an Editor being aelmowledged, and his Swiss MSS. 
 being, with one exception, the most ancient and authoritative, 
 and for the most part I should feel distrust of myself in dif- 
 fering from his decision. StilL, there are not a few places in 
 which it may fairly be questioned. I have differed from him 
 with much hesitation in C. III. xxiv. 24, and xxxx. 34. I 
 
ri PREFJCE. 
 
 must refer to my notes for my justification. I feel less doubt 
 about C. III. xxv. and no doubt at all about admitting 
 Lachmann's reading in C. III. xxiv. 4. But as the line in 
 its present form may appear at first sight a venturous change, 
 I may defend myself from the imputation of rashness here. 
 In fact, the change is less than it seems : Terrenum is a very 
 slight alteration from the Tirrenum of the MSS. (e. g. the 
 Harl. B. and E.) ; and publicum is read both in the oldest 
 Blandinian MS. and in the Harl. E. These considerations, 
 with the positive objections to Apulicum givenin the note, seem 
 to me to furnish ample ground for adopting the correction. 
 
 The kindred corruption of Apulice, in C. III. iv. 10, I am 
 obliged to leave. Yet, in the absence of any correction which 
 has any claim to probability, I venture to offer a conjecture 
 of my own. After inspecting all the MSS. accessible to me, 
 and finding no variants that could suggest a clue, I inferred 
 that the elements of the missiug word were probably con- 
 tained in its corrupt substitute ; and it occurred to me that 
 the error might have been introduced from the line above, by 
 the repetition of Ap. (just so cuilibet is introduced in one MS. 
 in E. I. vi. 54, for cui volet ; and, in E. I. xiv. 21, vocas for 
 putas.J The remaining letters vlli^: (for a common spelling 
 is Apullice) suggest to me a word familiar in Horace, and 
 possibly as a diminutive inviting abbreviation, villvl^:.* 
 There is sufficient authority in the best MS. for limina ; 
 besides that, the corrupt a, when introduced, would account 
 for the absorption of the final a, and a good sense would be 
 extracted, — Altricis extra limina villulce, " beyond the pre- 
 " cincts of my native homestead." 
 
 I have very recently observed, in the Scholium of Acron, 
 an apparent correspondence with, and confirmation of this 
 conjecture. His words are, — * parvus extra casce limen ex- 
 positus. 3 
 
 * As an instance of similai- corruption, I may quote ' Vita brevem domi- 
 num sequetur/ for ' Ulla brevem,' etc, Tlie same MS. (k) miswrites viUula 
 tkus, — uulllula.*- 
 
PREFACE. vii 
 
 But tlie tracing out my idea suggested to me another 
 emendation, whick, but for this Scholium, I should think more 
 probable. Which is the right reading, altricis or nutricis ? 
 Editors prefer the former word ; MS. authority clearly favours 
 the latter. The two are nearly synonymous, but nutricis 
 rather indicates a personal than a local name, as the proper 
 word to stand in apposition to it. A slighter change than 
 that proposed above supplies one, The addition of oneletter, 
 or even the change of a to c, will give vilice=vilicj3 : (ac- 
 cording to the common MS. writing of e for ce.) The vilica 
 was an important person in a plain country home_, the re- 
 sponsible manager for every part of the household arrange- 
 ments; (Venit in locum matronae, says Columella, who has 
 a long description of her duties, lib. xn, ab init.) On the 
 supposition that the poet was motherless, who would have 
 been more likely to have the ordinary charge of him ? If 
 these deductions are admissibie, the reading of the text 
 should be thus, — ' Nutricis extra limina vilicce.' 
 
 I findthe phrase exira limen used in a somewhat analogous 
 way by Pliny, (Ep. III. iii.) used of sending a boy from 
 home pupilage to a preceptor out of doors, — Siudia extra 
 limen proferenda sunt. 
 
 There are several minor corrections_, which I necd not 
 notice here. The Various Readings, given below the text, are 
 selected partly for their MS. authority, or their acceptance 
 in past editions,, or their intrinsic claims to attention. 
 
 In the matter" of general Orthography, I assent to modern 
 usage, and the principles stated by Mr. Munro in his preface 
 to Lucretius ; for I confess to a prejudice in favour of uni- 
 formity and correctness. Yet I have also a considerable 
 sympathy for e mumpsimus' and I am half inclined to rest 
 on the example and authority of Augustus, and to retain the 
 double l in millia. Spelling no doubt has its right and wrong, 
 as well as other things; nor are the questions it raises 
 unimportant for precision in learning, or for directing atten- 
 
viii PREFACE. 
 
 tion to the formation and meaning of words. Nor is it 
 impossible that, as tlie Latin Grammar is vcry commonly 
 madc an instructor in the rudiments of English,, so a rcform 
 in Latin orthography may lead to a greater exactness in our 
 own language. But hitherto we have claimed the privilege 
 of doing as we like with our own, especially in the matter of 
 local and personal names_, and Shakespeare retains his second 
 a, much as Virgil does his i, without offence to any readcr. 
 The controversy as to English is somewhat older ; the results 
 as to Latin seem likely to be more rapid and definite. M. 
 Wagner indeed (Preface to Aulularia) refrains from shocking 
 the general eye by Bacanalia for Bacchanalia; but the 
 doubts of one generation are said to be the maxims of the 
 next, and we may look to find eventually solvitur scribendo. 
 
 Of the MSS. of Horace, the most valued is 
 
 1. The Blanclinius antiquissimus , from the Blandinian 
 Library in Ghent, a MS. of the IXth Century at latest. 
 
 2. Orelli collated a yet older MS. dating from the 
 Ylllth Century, existing at Berne. It is marked by him B. 
 I note some peculiar spelling in it : it has paelex constantly, 
 for pellex ; the old forms flavos, fulvos, for flavus ; obicere, 
 for objicere ; adiciant, etc. ; and the accusative in is* so uni- 
 formly, that I have adopted it, noting the common form in 
 the Various Beadings. It is indeed, though I had forgotten 
 this, received and justified by Bentley. 
 
 3. Next to this is ranked another Bernese MS. of the 
 Xth Century, which Orelli marks b. 
 
 4. His next MS. is of the same date, at St. Gallen in 
 Switzerland ; marked S. 
 
 * This rtile is for I-no-uns, — those which make the gen. pl. in ium. B. how- 
 ever sometimes confounds the nom. with the acc. as in C. IV. tti. 13 ; 
 x. 8 : and, besides. there is no error more common in MSS. than putting i 
 for e : tlae rererse, e for i, is rare. 
 
PREFACE. ix 
 
 5. A Zuricli MS. same date; T- 
 
 6. A Bernese MS. same date; c. 
 
 7. Of the MSS. collated by Bentley, the most valued is 
 one of the Xth Century, preserved at Queen^s College, 
 Oxford, and lettered k. I have, by the kind permis- 
 sion of the Provost, cursorily examined it, and noted 
 many readings. I have also collated, and hope to do so more 
 fully, the best of the Harleian MSS. in the British Museum. 
 The oldest (Hl. A.) appears to me more trustworthy in the 
 general text, as it is certainly more accurate in the transcrib- 
 ing, than the Queen's College MS. I should imagine it to 
 be older, but both are referred to the Xth Century. 
 
 The list and lettering of these MSS. (after Combe) is as 
 follows : — 
 No. of CoU. 
 
 2725 a MS. nearly complete of the XthCentury A 
 
 3534 „ „ XUth „ B 
 
 2724 „ „ XHIth „ C 
 
 3754 „ „ XVth „ D 
 
 2609 „ „ XHIth „ E 
 
 4862 „ „ XVth „ F 
 
 2621 „ „ XHIth „ G 
 
 I have gleaned some information from them_, and have 
 found my orthography justified by them. They authorise 
 umerus (though not umor,) erus, erilis, harena, totiens, quo- 
 tiens, honustus (a reading of importance in Sat. I. vi. 96) 
 honus, haut, habrotonwn, hiemps, Hiber, Hiberice, Euhoe, 
 tempto, neglego, belua, Juppiter. 
 
 I difFer in this from them, that they are not uniform iu 
 their mode, which I conceive myself bound to be. 
 
 1 have hesitated to adopt the form st for est, when preceded 
 by a syllable capable ofelision.* Wagner (Orthographia, 
 
 * That tlie e of est sh.ou.ld be capable of elision, and be elided in prefer- 
 ence to a long vowel preceding, is analogous to the Greek usage : that it 
 should follow m, as in durumst, is curious, as a contrast to the principle 
 of the now accepted spelhng hiemps, sumpsi, etc in which the labial (again 
 after a Greek analogy, e. g. in ^Auctkw, Pporos, fiixfipoTov) is required as a 
 fulcrum between the same two consonants, 
 
x PREFACE. 
 
 v. EST) has establislied tlie lcgitimacy of this form, both in 
 prose and poetry ; and he has printed it throughout his 
 Virgil. Lachmann cites a profusion of instances for it (Lvcr. 
 i. 993 ; iii. 954.) The MSS. of Lucretius and Virgil ex- 
 hibit it constantly. In those of Horace, as less ancient, the 
 evidence for it is sparing : a few instances occur in B, chiefly, 
 it may be remarked, in the Ars Poetica ; one of them (in 
 v. 386) is confirmed by k, which gives judicium sit ; and 
 in the same MS. I find at S. II. iit. 221, the reading qui 
 sceleraf est, evideiatlj=sceleratust. Again, the not unfre- 
 quent omission of est at the close of a verse, e. g. S. I. ix. 42, 
 II. v. 8, may indicate the form. I have received it only 
 where so quoted by Lachmann, and shewn to be necessary by 
 his rules, adding an instance not cited by him in Epod. xv. 
 12 ; and I have placed it (wherever I conceive it admissible) 
 among the Various Readings ; with the double advantage of 
 suggesting it as probably correct, and of allowing their choice 
 to those who prefer the accepted text. 
 
 I have consulted the notes of Lambinus, Gesner, Mitscher- 
 lich, C. Eea_, the Delphin, Bentley, Orelli ; and the lists also 
 of Various Beadings in Obbar, for the Ist Book of Epistles, 
 and in Keller, for the Odes. The latter presents a very large 
 collation of MSS., but, with the exception of a few correc- 
 tions, has not much of value to add to Oreili^s list. He 
 exhibits the orthography of Bitschel and Eleckeisen, and 
 some curious innovations in the text : e. g. Bentley^s con- 
 jecture in I. xxiii. 5; discere for ducere, III. m. 34; 
 ascias for arcus, III. xxvi. 7 ; and Epod. v. 88. 
 
PUEEACE. xi 
 
 The order in which the works of Horace are usually 
 printed, viz., Odes, Epodes, Satires, Epistles, is apparently 
 different from that of their composition. Their dates, as 
 conjecturally assigned by Bentley, are given below; and in 
 spite of the dimculty of reconciling them to particular 
 passages in the several books, their principle seems to be ac- 
 quiesced in. The question has this principal point of interest 
 about it, that it bears upon Horace's character as a man and 
 a poet : since we find, in passing from the Epodes and Satires 
 to the Odes and Epistles, a higher refinement of feeling and 
 power of poetry : the harsh and objectionable passages of the 
 first works find no place in the latter : and while the grace- 
 fulness of his lyrics justifies all the claims he makes as 
 " Romanae fidicen lyrae/' there is no less a grace in the soft 
 and mellowed ease of the Epistles of his declining age. 
 Moreover (as is shewn in G. Stallbaum's preface to his 
 edition) it may be found that the historical events of the 
 different periods account for the bitternesses and asperities of 
 the earlier books, composed while he was struggling with 
 adversity, and pining under a neglect, from which his genius 
 soon raised him, but to which, for the time, it must have 
 made him the more sensitive. And the recollection of the 
 miseries arising out of the anarchy and violence of the Civil 
 War — " quseque ipse miserrima vidit, et quorum pars magna 
 fuit" — might well suggest to him the admiration for the 
 Emperor expressed in the joyful and adulatory language 
 which, however excessive to our ears, did not sound so to his 
 contemporaries. 
 
 The Epodes are alluded to (Ep. I. xix. 23) as " Parii 
 iambi." This name was applied to poems in which each 
 second verse was shorter than the first (as in elegiac poetry), 
 e. g. the lst Epode, — or in which one of the verses was made 
 up of two metres of distinct character, as in Epode 13. 
 
 The Satires are the " Grsecis intactum carmen/' (Sat. I. x. 
 66) according to the Roman boast of Quintilian, — " Satira 
 
xii PREFACE. 
 
 tota nostra est," (X. i. 93), a lcind of poctry first struck out 
 by Ennius ("Ennius noster" Cic. pro Arch. vin. 10.), fol- 
 lowed, at some interval, and with a difference in tlie treat- 
 ment of the subject, by Lucilius. The name is derived from 
 <( satur," the miscellaneous character of the subjects being 
 compared to the " satura lanx," i. e. the dish of various fmits 
 offered as a sacrifice, or firstfruits ; and then coming to signify 
 any "hash" or " olio." So Juvenal describes his work as a 
 "farrago," and " quidquid agunt homines" as its legitimate 
 materials to work up. 
 
 The Odes, on the contrary, are formed on the Greek type, 
 and some, no doubt, directly adapted from Greek originals, 
 keeping even the Greek names. From them it is we derive 
 our chief knowledge of the Alcaic and Sapphic metres, for we 
 have but disjointed fragments of their first authors ; but as 
 far as we can compare them, Horace seems to have improved 
 upon his models, in point of metricai* harmony as well as 
 precision, — a merit in which he may be contrasted with. 
 Ovid, who, however remarkable for the variety of cadence 
 and rhythm in his verse, is far inferior to the Greek elegiasts. 
 The restriction, no doubt suited to the genius of the Latin 
 language, hampers it nevertheless in his poems, and loses all 
 the fiexibility and ease, and much of the grace, of his models. 
 We have a few lyric odes from Catullus ; but whether they 
 had less circulation, or were less formally published in books, 
 they are not considered to interfere, by their simple priority 
 of time, with Horace^s claim of being the first introducerinto 
 Italy of the iEolian strains. 
 
 The Epistles are probably, of all Horace^s works, the most 
 admired ; and they are those which seem to place us most at 
 home with the author, and to give the most pleasing reflex of 
 his character. Otherwise, they may be classed generally with 
 his Satires, as a sort of continuation of them, but with the 
 softened and easy style betokening inward satisfaction, pros- 
 
 * Numerosus Horatius. — 0v. Trist. tv. 10. 
 
PREEACE. xiii 
 
 perity, and content. What Niebuhr says of Cicero's " Pro 
 Murena" might perhaps be nearly as applicable to their 
 character. (Lect. 42.) 
 
 Of Horace's personal history and fortunes, he has left us 
 scattered notices. He was of a plain middle-class family at 
 Venusia, a military colony on the Lucanian frontier, (Sat. II. 
 i. 36 :) his father, in rank a libertinus, was by occupation a 
 " coactor," or collector of payments made for sales at auction, 
 a man of unblemished character and strong sound sense, 
 with judgment enough to foresee the value of a good educa- 
 tion, and to sead his son to Rome for it. (Sat. I. vi. 64. sqq.) 
 From Rome Horace went to Athens (Ep. II. n. 43), until 
 the breaking out of the Civil War, in which, zealously joining 
 the side of his friend Brutus, he held the rank of military 
 tribune, until the rout of Philippi. In the overthrow of his 
 party he suffered the loss of his small estate, but still had 
 saved enough to purchase a sort of Treasury clerkship, which 
 maintained him while he sought for help and patronage of 
 another kind by the productions of his genius. (Ep. II. 
 it. 51.) 
 
 Then followed his introduction to Msecenas, which soon 
 ripened into a friendship honourable to both, developing a 
 feeling of esteem on one side, of gratitude on the other, — a 
 gratitude never forgotten, but never lessening independence ; 
 of that true kind, which is not ashamed of having gifts* con- 
 ferred. He was (Sat. II. vi. 42) first taken up as an amus- 
 ing retailer of gossip : as his qualities developed themselves, 
 he assumed gradually, and was content with so assuming. a 
 more creditable position. He found himself admitted to the 
 intimacy of the greatest, and that on a fair and equal footing : 
 and, to maintain him, he received the present of a farm in the 
 Sabine district, about thirty-five miles north of Rome. 
 
 He is not merely, then, the grateful client, but the 
 
 * Cic. Ep. II. vi. " Animi ingenui cui multnm debeas eidem pliirimum 
 velle debere." 
 
xiv PREFACE. 
 
 attached friend : and where can we find a truer affection than 
 that breathed in the first Epode, and the Ode II. xvn. ? To 
 which we may add, the pleasure with which he dwells elsc- 
 where on his friend's recovery, and the popular acclamation 
 to him (as in Od. I. xx.) ; while with it we instinctively con- 
 nect the remembrance, that the promise of the Ode was truly 
 spoken, and that the last journey was trodden by the patron 
 and the poet in the same year. 
 
 His figure, as well as his temper (to the quickness of which 
 he elsewhere alludes, as in Od. III. xiv. 27) he has 
 described in Ep. I. xx. 
 
 The anticipation there expressed, that among the signs of 
 approval of his works would be that of their adoption as a 
 text-book in schools, is confirmed by Juvenal (Sat. vn. 226.) 
 Persius, his admirer and imitator, has characterised his 
 genius in well-known lines, Sat. i. 115 : — 
 
 Omne vafer vitium ridenti Maccus amico 
 Tangit, et admissus circum prsecordia ludit, 
 Callidus excusso populum suspendere naso. 
 
 In modern times there may be found a singular testimonial 
 to him, and one which curiously indicates the universal 
 classic taste. It is in " Walton^s Life of Hooker," where he 
 mentions that Edwin Sandys and George Cranmer, taking a 
 jonrney to see Hooker, <l found him with a book in his hand 
 (it was the Odes of Horace_,) he being then_, like humble and 
 innocent Abel, tending his small allotment of sheep in a 
 common field." 
 
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE. 
 
 xv 
 
 Subjoined are references to the markings of time, and 
 notices of contemporary events, collected from Horace^s 
 works, with the dates affixed : 
 
 B. c. 
 
 65. Birth of Horace. Consulship of L. A. Cotta and L. M. Torqna- 
 
 tns (Carm. III. xxi. ; Epod. xiii. 8.). — Ad Anfidum (Carm. 
 
 III. xxx. 10. ; IY. IX. 2.) 
 
 60. The first trinmvirate (Carm. II. I. 1 — 4.).— The Civil War and 
 victories of Julins Csesar (vv. 20 — 28.) 
 
 59. Consulship of Julius Csesar and M. Calp. Bibulus (Carm. III. 
 xxviii. 8.) 
 
 53. Defeat of Crassus (alluded to, Carm. III. vi. 9.) 
 
 46. Death of Cato Uticensis (Carm. I. xn. 35.) 
 
 43. (? 42.) Brutus in Asia as prsstor (Sat. I. vn. 18.) 
 
 42. Philippi (Carm. II. vn. 9.; III. iv. 26.; Ep. II. n. 49/)— Con- 
 sule Planco (Carm. III. xiv. 28.) 
 
 41. Horace's introduction to Msecenas (Sat. I. vi. 55 ; II. vi. 40.) 
 
 40. War with the Parthians, and defeat of Antony's troops under 
 D. Saxa (Carm. III. vi. 9.) — Herod is mentioned, Ep. II. II. 
 184 : he received his ldngdom in this year. 
 
 39. A. PolhVs successes in Illyria (Carm. II. i.) 
 
 39. (? 37.) The journey to Brundusium (Sat. I. v.)* 
 
 36. Defeat off Naulochus, crushing Sextus Pompeius (Epod. ix. 7.) 
 
 31. Actium (Ep. I. xviii. 61.) — Wars on the Dacian Erontier (Carm. 
 III. vi. 14. Sat. II. vi. 53.) 
 
 30. Death of Antony and Cleopatra (Carm. I. xxxvn. ; IY. xiv. 35.) 
 
 29. Temple of Janus shut (Carm. IY. xv. 9.) 
 
 27. The name of Augustus conferred (Carm. II. ix. 19. The name 
 does not occur in the Satires, Epodes, or lst Book of Odes.) 
 Augustus in Spain meditates an expedition to Britain (Carm. 
 I. xxxv. 29.) 
 
 25. Horace marks his 40th vear, Carm. II. iv. 23. — Dacian conquests 
 (Carm. III. viii. 18.) 
 
 * Milman gives these dates : — Philippi, 42. Horace's return to Rome, 41. 
 His abode tliere, and intimacy with Virgil and Yarius. His purchase of the 
 Scriptus Quaestorius, to support himself, 40. His first presentation to MaB- 
 cenas, 39. Journey to Brundusium, 37. Stallbaum and Orelli refer the 
 last event to 37 likewise, and the peace of Tarentum : Heyne, in Vita 
 Virgilii (qu. vid,), to 39. 
 
xvi ciironologic.il table. 
 
 B. C. 
 
 24. M\. Gallus' march in Arabia (Carm. [. xxrx. and xxxv. 31.) — 
 The couquest of N. Spain (Carm. III. viii. 22.) — Augustus 
 rcturns to Italy (Carm. III. xiv.) — Death of Q. Varus, of Cre- 
 mona (Carrn. I. xxiv.) 
 
 23. Augustus, at tlie point of death, cured by A. Musa ; of whoin 
 Ep. I. xv. 3. 
 
 22. Conspiracy and deatli of Murena (of wliom, Carm. II. x. His 
 brotlier Proculeius mentioned, Carm. II. n. 5.) 
 
 21. Horace 44 (Epod. i. 20. 28.)— Coss. Mm. Lepidus, M. Lollius. 
 
 20. Tiberius in the East. Pacification of Armenia and Parthia. The 
 
 standards recovered. (Ep. I. xn. 27 ; I. xvin. 56 ; Carm. 
 
 II. II. 17; II. ix. 20.) 
 
 19. Final conquest of the Cantabri (Ep. I. xn. 26.) — Death of Yirgil 
 (of whom, Carm. I. in.) ; of Tibullus (to whom, Carm. I. 
 xxxni. Ep. I. iv.) 
 
 17. The Carmen Sseculare. 
 
 16. Lollius legate in Gaul ; his defeat (" Lolliana clades " of Tac. 
 Ann. i. 10.), perhaps alluded to Carm. IV. xiv. 51 ; and n. 
 34. 
 
 15. Conquests of Drusus and Tiberius over the Northern and Alpine 
 tribes (Carm. IV. iv. and xiv, : 15 years after the submission 
 of Alexandria, Ib. xiv. 37.) 
 
 13. Augustus returns from the frontier in G-aul (Carm. IV. n. 43.) 
 
 8. (In Nov.) Death of Horace, aged 57, and Maecenas. C. M. Cen- 
 sorino Cos., to whom Carm. IV. vin. 
 
 Bentley's computation of the chronology is as follows : — 
 
 b. c. Age of Horace. 
 
 lstBookof Satires, composed in 40—38. 27—28. 
 
 2nd „ „ 35—33. 31—33. 
 
 Epodes „ 32—31. 33-4. 
 
 lst Book of Odes „ 30—28. 36—38. 
 
 2nd „ „ 26—25. 40-1. 
 
 3rd „ „ 24—23. 42-3. 
 
 lst Book of Epistles „ 20—19. 46-7. 
 
 4th Book of Odes and C. Sseculare 17—15. 49—50. 
 
TABLE OF METRES. xvii 
 
 TABLE OF METRES USED BY HORACE. 
 
 Ten difterent metres are found in the first Book ; an eleventh 
 is the only variation from the Sapphic and Alcaic system of 
 the second ; a twelfth is found in B. m. 12 ; a thirteenth in 
 B. iv. 7. 
 
 The first in order, which comprises also the greatest number 
 of varieties_, is 
 
 1. The Asclepiad (named from thelyricpoet Asclepiades.) 
 The lines are all alike 
 
 W — W w 
 
 But it is generally allowed now, as a rule, that the system 
 runs (as do the rest) according to stanzas of four lines 
 (TeTpdcrTC^a.) 
 
 Eor its violation of this rule, the 8th Ode of the 4th book 
 is supposed incomplete, or interpolated. 
 
 In the lst Ode, B. I, Stallbaum has printed, with some 
 reason, the first and last complete, as the halves of one stanza. 
 This arrangement seems to improve the harmony of sense 
 and metre. 
 
 2. A second variety of the Asclepiad is found in Carm. 3. 
 
 WW — W^V 
 
 ww— — ^/^ — ww 
 
 3. A third Asclepiad., C. 5. 
 
 ■~\_' w 
 
 W w — «^/ w 
 
 4. A fourth Asclepiadj C. 6. 
 
 — — wv^/ 
 
 W W — K^> V_/ 
 
 5. A fifth Asclepiad, C. 11. and 18. A tetrameter chor 
 iambic (with a half foot at the beginning and end of the verse) 
 
 c 
 
iii TABLE OF METRES. 
 
 6. The common Sapphic stanza, C, 2. 
 
 — v^ | W^- W v ' 
 
 7. Another variety of the Sapphic, C 8. 
 
 — W ^J — W — K^/ 
 
 — w I WW w w — v>> 
 
 8. The common Alcaic stanza, C. 9. 
 
 {bis) 
 
 — <J — ww— ww 
 
 ww — ^ w — w — 
 
 9. The Alcmanic (from Alcman, a Spartanlyric poet), C. 7. 
 A dactylic hexameter verse, followed by a tetrameter. 
 
 10. Hipponactean (from Hipponax, more known as the 
 inventor of the Scazon Iambic). A trochaic dimeter catalec- 
 tic, followed by an iambic trimeter catalectic, C. II. xviii. 
 
 w 
 — w — w — w — 
 
 W — KJ — W 
 
 11. The Ionic a minore (wv^ — ) } C. III. xn. shown by 
 Bentley, in his note, to consist of strophes, or periods of ten 
 feet. 
 
 The remaining metres are called Archilochian :-— 
 
 12. One (the fourth Arch.) is in C. IV. ; the first verse 
 consisting of a dactylic tetrameter and three trochees ; the 
 second, of a trimeter iambic catalectic. 
 
 13. Another (ihefirst Arch.) is in C. IV. vu. consisting of 
 a dactylic hexameter followed by a penthemimer. 
 
 Two more varieties of the Archilochian are fonnd in Epod. 
 XI. and XIII. ; but the principal metre in the Epodes is the 
 Iambic. 
 
ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 c 
 
 Carmina. 
 
 c. s 
 
 Carmen Sseculare. 
 
 s 
 
 Satirse. 
 
 E 
 
 Epistolse. 
 
 Ep 
 
 Epodi. 
 
 Bent 
 
 Bentley. 
 
 D 
 
 Delphin Edition. 
 
 M 
 
 Mitscherlich. 
 
 
 
 Orelli. 
 
 K 
 
 Keller (generally 
 
 quoted as representing the Paris MSS.) 
 For the lettering of the MSS. referred to, see p. viii. (Preface.J 
 
 The Marginal References, when they illustrate the general 
 sentimenty are noted by the number of the line ; when a word, 
 by the first letters. 
 
' 
 
Q. HORATI FLACCI CAEMINA 
 
 LIBEE PEIMTJS. 
 i. 
 
 M^ecenas atavis edite regibus, 
 
 O et prsesidium et dulce decus meurn, 
 
 i. E. 1. 1. 1. 
 
 Sunt quos curriculo pulverem Olympicum puIv 's'i'l'si 
 
 Collegisse juvat, metaque fervidis 0ly - c - 4 - 2 - 17, 
 
 Evitata rotis, palmaque nobilis 
 
 Terrarum dominos evehit ad Deos ; 
 
 Hunc, si mobilium turba Quiritium mob. e. i. 19. 17. 
 
 Certat tergeminis tollere honoribus ; 8 s 1 6 11 
 
 Illum, si proprio condidit horreo 
 
 Quidquid de Libycis verritur areis. 
 
 Gaudentem patrios findere sarculo 
 
 Agros, Attalicis condicionibus 
 
 Numquam dimoveas, ut trabe Cypria <&a c. 3. 29. eo. 
 
 Myrtoum pavidus nauta secet mare. 
 
 Luctantem Icariis fluctibus Africum Ic c 3 7 21 
 
 Mercator metuens, otium et oppidi 
 
 Laudat rura sui ; mox reficit rates 
 
 Quassas, indocilis pauperiem pati. 
 
 13. demoveas. 
 
 is. E. 1. 1. 
 

 Decembcr 28, 18G7.] 
 
 ±ne Saturday Review. 
 
 821 
 
 Two yeais later a proceeding is recorded which sliovrs tliat 
 Frenchmeo have sQmethina to aaj foi themselves when they talK 
 of Englishmcn selling thcir wivcs at Bmithfield. Thc .1»..«"' 
 ' llcyidcr chronicles with unimpnssioned brevity the custom tnen 
 prcvalent of leading a woman with a halter round 
 through a toll-gate, paying tc-U f 
 
 " AugU9t 31, 1773, Samuel Wliitehou 
 
 counlv cl .S, ill.c.l, llii. ikv sokl hi^ 
 m.A«, toTliooi:u<li,iliitli.,'ol Uirmio 
 
 her as for 1 
 mfc, MaryVbitehi. 
 
 ing. To I 
 
 rii. 
 
 IZIZ. 
 
 - Si u -Iivll, S;im.„l Wlliti: !•'• 
 
 "Vouchcr, Ttion.it, IU..-M, v «f 
 
 To tbe general readev the nccount of the " Chuvch nnd King " riots 
 at Birmingham in 1791 will probnbly be the most mterestuig 
 
 .tch less infinmmable now when 
 prejudices are roused. Certainly tbeie is a stril 
 
 nv i.h'Swi'i'11 the hi.lcous scvncs lvcovdedusocciUTing 011 ■ 
 ive cfnys of.Julv, l 791, whcii tlie liiumphant mob was 
 
 ployed in nssaulting the houses nnd pevsons of all the Unitar: 
 
 ond other Dissenters they could 
 
 p,'rSIO|LS 
 
 i-iinilavit 
 auccess^ 
 
 •oillit yrl !li, ullll Wlllll IH'1'UIR'H Oim '•''' 
 
 ,when Murphywasketuringthere. That 
 in the one caae Dv. Priestley and the Dissenterswere the uli,„c(s "I 
 theiv fnuntical furv, mid in thc olhur ciise tbe Irish Cntholics, does 
 
 Uui :: !! ...i ;..„ di-::!'.i„ 'iul „!.;! )-;i„i„r of tli„ (UY.nvi.h Illi-S. 1'i'OUJ <'llC 
 
 poiut of view the Priestley viots were less wholly inexcusnble, for 
 sorne provocatiou, ns Mr. Lnngford adiuits, had been given bv the 
 opposite party, and the horrors of the French Revolution were tresh 
 
 Uuike 
 
 
 , the 1 
 
 3 tbe contag 
 
 .agion uf tbe geneval pai 
 r nutbor that the Tories eujoyed by a 
 a monopoly of personal inveetive. The following lines 
 attack on Dr. Priestley by n barrister, Mr. J. Morlitt, ui'( 
 pungent enougb : — 
 
 
 OM Jinyl md-s gUy, Churck oni] Kin-. 
 ice of tbeir frantic glovificatiou of tbe worst ex- 
 '' ■'■'■ ftnatb Lrfiercehatredofallwhoopposedit, 
 
 i'. |'i.n.i,l ^'iiiii tobave been quite a match lov their 
 
 ■ , ':'"c J ", ■■!"' l -'nii-i!, !;,k„;i fn.ui <■ a ;-]uni„d song," a.s 
 '.;li- H, wnUen for " the Anuiversary of the 
 
 l ". 11 ' ili: ' v .-"!')'■'-' to illti.-liiti ■ ilu' kiiul. ui' Iiiii- 
 
 thank Mr. Langfovd for tlte pains he bns beatowed on an unam- 
 
 biliotis but not tmpmfitnble field of labouv. We aball look with 
 iiHi.re>t fur the appearance of his next volume. 
 
 MR. TONGE-S HORACE.- 
 TX^ITnOTJT the sligbtest wish to disparage or undervalue the 
 
 » » nursing-mi.iliir ..t tlm.se wh.., ncr.,,,|i„, (,> ;| 1( . |,„,( aii.tlmniv 
 won tbe battle of Waterloo," one may boldly aver tbat Eton'a 
 
 paat productions in the way c e - T — ™- ^ 
 
 fioui memorable. The evidem 
 
 memorable. Tbe evideuce before tbe Public Scbool Com- 
 uiissiou weut somo way towards accounting for this, and a study 
 of tbe blue-hook sugge.ted a hope tbat, among other refovms, a 
 reform in tbe sclto,,) ,,,i-l,„ ( ,i ; > „ ll|L .| lt . i„ lin,, (bllow. Look- 
 mg at the calibro and antecedents of tbe masters, there could 
 oenodoubt that— given tbe needrul leisure, freedom of action, 
 and reiuuueration — they bad amongsl them the capacity for 
 turmng out books whicb, in point of ahility, acbolarship. and 
 KMHreh.mightholdtheir.m | , 1 . 1 \ ( ,d 
 
 Poer, wmch not many years ngq had the Eton 
 
 10 ouv memory ns a meve cento of harven husl;s and stule cvumbs 
 
 lt is no unkiudness to recnll tlio past n$ a strong antithesis to the 
 
 Feseut. A UlOle .■n l |, 1 ,l,.l.. rl.;, ll;! , l',, | ) ,. i . i „ I . || 1; „, Uial whi.-h 
 
 wewelcomemMr.J. K , .,,, , fh,,,-, 
 
 J ' 1 ,' 1 voltuno ut av...fiig« ..ctavo size he has giveu us n - ■..,,.;. 
 
 editton ot tbe whole of Horncc— such tm udiliQu, in ttuth na 
 
 will not ouly excellently suHice for the }>u|.il^ innl, f, u f v.ill 
 
 a so adorn nud supplemeut the Hbrary of the vetetan in classical 
 
 studies. Witb a wortliy zeal to ellace past shortcomings, and 
 
 jo enbance the repute of the great semiuary to whicb he owe3 
 
 7 mir ture, be hns laid himself out to embody a„.i uhli/,- 
 
 the tlontiug Horatian lore whh wbicb " A 
 
 traditionally chnrged ; nn 
 
 Etonthedebtof afonda 
 
 than never) the claims of tbis couutrv to match the Continental 
 
 editions of Plorace witb one of native manufactuve. Until now 
 
 ltisstrange how little we have produced that ia worthy of the 
 
 nnme; our gieat manipujator ol Sorace— Bentley— hftving cathei 
 
 i'\lnt.ite(l In.s c!i;ii;iL'(c.i'i;-iit.' funtacity in llic- LI.!„iIiL'S ho tuuk sviih 
 
 the textof MSS. than mnde good" his title to bave edited and 
 
 h "■):. 
 
 The Moil, therefore, heoeath whicb Mv. Yonge bnd to seek au 
 
 I . i to hnd at Etou, be declaiea, as the 
 
 nataral apj Lnga on the high commons adjacent) has the advautage 
 
 ol b„iii, m a ,i,;,L uieasure vivgin soil," aud he deserves the full 
 
 cvedit of having opeued " a channel to dvaw oll' tbe vendy rills into 
 
 the vnle of litevature." His wovk atlbvds abuudaut proof that he 
 
 iins taken 110 one-sided views of his suhject ; and that, bavingheen 
 
 allowed free play, be bas aimed at supplying such food as. may be 
 
 .mi'.-n'ui,-.n u: hily 
 
 aud furtber tbat 
 beautiful nnd in- 
 ihelp 
 
 j doing thi3, be hns not only repaid t 
 
 n-:.IU-li 
 
 ' fvom our owu li 
 
 . You;jc hnh !. 
 
 the wovld 
 idence of the reaction aud play of thought," 
 ven such promiuence to these two features in 
 jupply wbat has been hitherto a desidevatum. 
 o give an ldea of the debt which such successovs os Ovid 
 nd Pevsius owe to the tbougbts and phraseology of Horace, or 
 to quote tbe passnges where he has taken his cue from Lucrctius, 
 would he to ransack Mv. Yonge's notes, and to hiy umh.i' cun- 
 tribution a stove us inoxhini-uljk' n-. tliat uf «u ...luhaul 111 nn 
 npple county. This exercise in parnllelism is invnlu;iblc tu the 
 1 I I t idmit ot aiLquitc lllus- 
 
 fnilitm withinourlimits. The light tbrown on Ilmuce, llm help 
 ailbrded to a due appreciation of him, by our Enghsh poetic 
 literature, is a more attvactive topic, nnd oue which teems to be 
 pi-.-ulimh K,totiian. Kor can the value of this study he vated too 
 highly iu the pvesent dny, wben, owing either to tbo pvevalence 
 of "athletics," or the enlnrgement of the educatioiial 
 in the direction of " ologies," puhlic-school boys nro npt 
 
 teut themselves with n too slender ' ' >■■'■■•'■ 
 
 of their own couutry. Apposite ai 
 
 adorn Mr. YongVs notes, may teud 
 
 fountaiUS wbenee tlicv aie dniu-n, uiid mi.jiumc •.v.m, ..»v« *»***, 
 
 juv fuiuid le 1iH.1v CLipi^u.s (liiiu-lit-. In the poems of Grny they 
 
 will h-rn-u how di-..-iiiiiii.i.iin-, tl gh l;,t,'c, 11 u.-.. thnt chosen 
 
 pnpil ..f 1-JL.u iinid.-t.f ilie storebouse to which ;-h" intnaluced 
 him. Ilis "Ude for Music," fov example, horvowsits eighth stanza 
 fvom tbe fivst stanza of IIorace's sappbics to Liciuius Murena 
 (Ode II. x. 1, "Pectius vives," &v.) ; his " Pvo-ve.-s ,.f Pocfiy," 
 111. 7, c\oui.-il„i\ r. i::... 1 ,::.. ■ ilic iiiaiu i'.ie;i- "i M i -.- luie.s, " iMulta 
 Uircium levnt auia . vcuum," &e. .Vc, tu Ode IV. ii. 25. Tbese, 
 and manifold other debta to llovace lovingly repaid by the autbov 
 of "Lineson a Distant \icv,- ..f Kh.u Coll.-e," Mr. "i »nge has 
 pointed out with much taste and ili,criiiiinati„n )!ul hc ha- imt 
 jnnilrtl him-ilJ to a single poet, or age of poets. It is veuiark- 
 alih- huw manv paiall.d,- he citr.-s Iit.111 Slul, - | )„;!r„, J.i„u .loii^on, 
 ' ''■■■ laatidious 
 
 i„ .,,::ii:,.;..i;',.: „ II II l„UlUUl 
 
 ■hool bovs nro npt to con- 
 ,v]„,|,;c of the literature 
 cboice parnllels, such na 
 .ead some readers to tbe 
 
 cmpivji,, 
 
2 Q. IIORJTI FLACCI 
 
 Mas. c. 2. 7. 2i. Est qui nec veteris pocula Massici, 
 
 S. 2. 4. 51. r 
 
 c. 3.2i. 5. Nec partem solido dcmere de die 20 
 
 20. E. 1. 11. 31. L 
 
 ai. e p . 2. 23. Spernit, nunc viridi membra sub arbuto 
 
 Stratus, nunc ad aquse lene caput sacrae. 
 lit. c. 2. 1. 18. Multos castra juvant, et lituo tubse 
 
 m d e p 16 8. Permixtus sonitus, bellaque matribus 
 
 Detestata. Manet sub Jove frigido 25 
 
 Venator, tenerae conjugis immemor, 
 Seu visa est catulis cerva fidelibus, 
 Seu rupit teretes Marsus aper plagas. 
 hed. e. i. 3. 25. Me doctarum hederse praemia frontium 
 
 3o?e. E i'. i9 2 i 77 ' Dis niiscent superis : me gelidum nemus 30 
 
 Nympharumque leves cum Satyris chori 
 Secernunt populo, si neque tibias 
 Euterpe cohibet,, nec Polyhymnia 
 Lesboum refugit tendere barbiton. 
 
 35. c. 4. 3. 15. Quod si me lyricis vatibus inseres, 35 
 
 Sublimi feriam sidera vertice. 
 
 II. 
 
 Jam satis terris nivis atque dirse 
 Grandinis misit Pater, et rubente 
 Dextera sacras jaculatus arces, 
 «r&.c. 1.35.10. Terruit urbem ; 
 
 Terruit gentis grave ne rediret 5 
 
 Seeculum Pyrrh<e, nova monstra questse, 
 Omne quum Proteus pecus egit altos 
 Visere montis, 
 
 Piscium et summa genus haesit ulmo, 
 
 Nota quse sedes fuerat columbis 10 
 
 Prot. E. 1. 1. 90. 
 
 visast. 35. inseris. 5. gentes. 8. ihontes. 10. paluinbis. 
 
CARMINUM LLB, L ii. I 
 
 Et superjecto pavidse natarunt 
 iEquore dammae. 
 
 Vidimus flavum Tiberim, retortis jiav. c. 1. 8. 8. 
 
 Litore Etrusco violenter undis, 
 Ire dejectum monumenta Regis 
 
 Templaque Vestse. 16. c. 3. 5. 11. 
 
 Ilise dum se nimium querenti M- 0. 4. 8. 22. 
 
 Jactat ultorem, vagus et sinistra 
 Labitur ripa_, Jove non probante, u- 
 xorius amnis. 
 
 Audiet civis acuisse ferruin, 
 
 Quo graves Persse melius perirent ; 32 c 3 5> 4 
 
 Audiet pugnas, vitio parentum 
 Rara, juventus. 
 
 Quem vocet Divum populus ruentis 
 
 Imperi rebus ? prece qua fatigent reb c 4 6 23 
 
 Virgines sanctse minus audientem 
 Carmina Vestam ? 
 
 Cui dabit partis scelus expiandi 
 Juppiter ? Tandem venias, precamur, 
 Nube candentis umeros amictus, 
 Augur Apollo ; 
 
 29. c. 2. 1. 5. 
 
 12. C S. 61. 
 
 Sive tu mavis, Erycina ridens, 
 
 Quam Jocus circum volat et Cupido ; c 1 30 5 
 
 Sive neglectum genus et nepotes 
 Respicis, auctor, 
 
 Heu ! nimis longo satiate ludo, 
 Quem juvat clamor galeseque leves, 
 Acer et Mauri peditis cruentum 
 40 Voltus in hostem ; 
 
 12. damac. 13. navom, 21. cives. 25. Divom. 29. partes. 
 31. candentes, humeros. 35. neclectum, B. 40. vnltus. 
 
 lud. C 1. 28. 17. 
 
4 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 iuv. s. 2. 5. 62. Sive mutata juvcnem figura 
 
 Ales in terris imitaris, almse 
 Filius Maiae, patiens vocari 
 Caesaris ultor : 
 
 Serus in coelum redeas, diuque 45 
 
 Lsetus intersis populo Quirini, 
 Neve te, nostris vitiis iniquum, 
 Ocior aura 
 
 Tollat : hic magnos potius triumphos, 
 s °' °' l'. u. 6. i; Hic ames dici Pater atque Princeps, 50 
 
 equ. c. 2. 9. 24.' Neu sinas Medos equitare inultos., 
 
 Te duce, Csesar. 
 
 III. 
 
 i. c. i. 30. i ; Sic te Diva potens Cypri, 
 
 3. 26. 9. r J r 
 
 ■■ c - *■ J. 3i ; Sic fratres Helense,, lucida sidera, 
 
 Ventorumque regat pater, 
 iap. c. 3. 27420. Obstrictis aliis prseter Iapyga, 
 
 a-ed:. c.i.2i.u. Navis_, quse tibi creditum 5 
 
 Debes Virgilium finibus Atticis 
 Reddas incolumem, precor, 
 
 Et serves animee dimidium mese. 
 Illi robur et ses triplex 
 
 Circa pectus erat ; qui fragilem truci 10 
 
 Commisit pelago ratem 
 
 Primus, nec timuit prsecipitem Africum 
 Decertantem Aquilonibus, 
 
 Nec tristes Hyadas, nec rabiem Noti, 
 i$. c. 3. 3. 5. Quo non arbiter Hadrise 15 
 
 Major, tollere seu ponere vult freta. 
 Quem Mortis timuit gradum, 
 
 Qui siccis oculis monstra natantia, 
 
 6. Yergiliurn, k. 18. rectis, Bent. 
 
 C 2. 17. 5. 
 
 12. C 1.1. 15; 
 14. 5. 
 3. 29. 57. 
 dec. C 1. 9. 11. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. iv. 5 
 
 Qui vidit mare turgidum et 
 20 Infames scopulos Acroceraunia ? 
 
 Nequiquam Deus abscidit 
 
 Prudens Oceano dissociabili pru d. c. 3.29.29. 
 
 Terras, si tamen impiae 
 
 Non tangenda rates transiliunt vada. 
 25 Audax omnia perpeti 
 
 Gens humana ruit per vetitum nefas. 
 Audax Iapeti genus 27. c. 2. 18. 35. 
 
 ... Ep. 17. 67. 
 
 Ignem fraude mala gentibus intulit : 
 Post ignem setheria domo 
 30 Subductunx, Macies et nova Febrium 
 
 Terris incubuit cohors, 
 
 Semotique prius tarda necessitas 
 Leti corripuit gradum. 
 
 Expertus vacuum Dsedalus aera 
 35 Pennis non homini datis ; 
 
 Perrupit Acheronta Herculeus labor. 
 Nil mortalibus arduist ; 
 
 Ccelum ipsum petimus stultitia_, neque 
 Per nostrum patimur scelus 
 40 Iracunda Jovem ponere fulmina. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Solvitur acris hiemps grata vice veris et Favoni, «• c - 4 - ?. i- 
 
 Trahuntque siccas machinas carinas. 
 Ac neque jam stabuhs gaudet pecus, aut arator igni; 
 
 Nec prata canis albicant pruinis. 
 Jam Cytherea choros ducit Venus, imminente Luna, 
 
 Juncta^que Nymphis GratiaB decentes 6. c. 2. 8. 14. 
 
 Alterno terram quatiunt pede, dum graves Cyclopum 7. c. 3. 18. ie. 
 
 Volcanus ardens urit officinas. 
 
 19. turbidum. 35. pinnis, K. 37. ardui, arduum, esfc. 
 1. liiems. 8. Vulcanus ; visit. 
 
13- 
 
 C. 2. 3. 
 
 2. 14. 
 2.18, 
 
 21. 
 11. 
 32. 
 
 noA 
 
 ', C. 1. 28. 15. 
 
 tal. 
 
 S. 2. 7. 
 
 17. 
 
 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 Nunc dccct aut viridi nitidum caput impcdirc myrto, 
 
 Aut flore, terrae quem ferunt solutae. 10 
 
 Nunc et in umbrosis Fauno decet immolare lucis, 
 
 Seu poscat agna, sive malit haedo. 
 Pallida Mors sequo pulsat pede pauperum tabernas 
 
 Regumque turrcs. O beate Sesti, 
 Vitae summa brevis spem nos vetatinchoarelongam. 
 
 Jam te premet nox, fabulaeque Manes, 16 
 
 Et domus exilis Plutonia : quo simul mearis, 
 
 Nec regna vini sortiere talis, 
 Nec tenerum Lycidan mirabere, quo calet juventus 
 
 Nunc omnis, et mox virgines tepebunt. 20 
 
 V. 
 
 Quis multa gracilis te puer in rosa 
 Perfusus liquidis urget odoribus 
 GratOj Pyrrha, sub antro ? 
 rei. c. 2. ii. 24. Cui flavam religas comam 
 
 ' 4. ll! 5. 
 
 Simpiex munditiis ? Heu ! quotiens fidem 5 
 6. Ep. 15. 23. Mutatosque Deos flebit, et aspera 
 
 Nigris aequora ventis 
 Emirabitur insolens, 
 
 cred. c. 4. i. 30. Qui nunc te fruitur credulus aurea ; 
 
 Qui semper vacuam, semper amabilem 10 
 
 Sperat, nescius aurae 
 
 Fallacis. Miseri, quibus 
 
 Intemptata nites ! Me tabula sacer 
 i 4 . c. 3. 26. 4. Votiva paries indicat uvida 
 
 Suspendisse potenti 15 
 
 pot. mar.C. 1.3.1. TT . . , . -^ 
 
 i. 6. io. V estimenta maris Deo. 
 
 14. turris. 2. urguet. 13. intentata. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. vii. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Scriberis Vario fortis et hostium 
 
 Victor Mseonii carminis alite, ai. c. 2. 20. 2. 
 
 Quam rem cumque ferox navibus aut equis 
 Milesj te duce, gesserit. 
 
 5 Nos_, Agrippa, neque hsec dicere, nec gravem A9r '^'l'l 2 \^ 
 
 Pelidae stomachum cedere nescii, 6 BpfiJ; ti 26 * 
 
 Nec cursus duplicis per mare Ulixei, ^« P c! 2 i."i6.i6. 
 Nec ssevam Pelopis domum 
 
 Conamur, tenues grandia : dum pudor 9. c."3. 3. 69. 
 
 10 Imbellisque lyrae Musa potens vetat e. 2. 1. 257. 
 
 Laudes egregii Csesaris, et tuas 
 Culpa deterere ingeni. 
 
 Quis Martem tunica tectum adamantina ad c 3 ^ 5# 
 
 Digne scripserit ? aut pulvere Troico pu i. c. 2. 1. 22. 
 15 Nigrum Merionen ? aut ope Palladis 
 
 Tydiden Superis parem ? l6 . c. 1. 15. 26. 
 
 Nos convivia, nos prcelia virginum 
 Sectis in juvenes unguibus acrium 
 Cantamus, vacui, sive quid urimur, 
 20 Non praeter solitum leves. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Laudabunt alii claram Rhodon, aut Mytilenen ; 
 
 Aut Epheson, bimarisve Corinthi 
 Moenia^ vel Baccho Thebas, vel Apolline Delphos 
 
 Insignes, aut Thessala Tempe. 4 c 3 h ^ 
 
 Sunt quibus unum opus est, intactse Palladis urbem 5 
 
 Carmine perpetuo celebrare, et 
 
 5. arces, v. arcem. 
 
8 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 /ron. c, 1. 1. 29. Undique decerptam fronti prseponere olivam. 
 
 Plurimus, in Junonis honorem, 
 Aptum dicet equis Argos, ditesque Mycenas. 
 
 Me nec tam patiens Lacedsemon, 10 
 
 Nec tam Larissse percussit campus opimae, 
 
 Quam domus Albuneae resonantis, 
 m C *2'6 8 5 2 ' "^ P rsece P s Anio, ac Tiburni lucus et uda 
 pom. s. 2. 4. 70. Mobilibus pomaria rivis. 
 Aib. c. 3. 27. 19. Albus ut obscuro deterget nubila ccelo 15 
 
 Ssepe Notus, neque parturit imbres 
 
 17. c. 1. 11. 6. Perpetuo : sic tu sapiens finire memento 
 Ep. 13. 17. ... . 
 
 Tristitiam vitseque labores 
 
 moii. c. 3. 29. 2. Molli, Plance, mero, seu te fulgentia signis 
 
 Castra tenent, seu densa tenebit 20 
 
 Teuc. c. 1.15.24. Tiburis umbra tui. Teucer Salamina patremque 
 
 uda, c. 2. 19. 18. Quuni fugeret, tamen uda LyaBO 
 4. 5. 39. 
 
 Tempora populea fertur vinxisse corona, 
 
 Sic tristes affatus amicos : 
 Quo nos cumque feret melior Fortuna parente, 25 
 
 Ibimus, o socii comitesque. 
 aus. c. 3. 27. 8. Nil desperandum Teucro duce et auspice Teucro ; 
 
 Certus enim promisit Apollo 
 Ambiguam tellure nova Salamina futuram. 
 
 O fortes, pejoraque passi 30 
 
 Mecum ssepe viri, nunc vino pellite curas ; 
 
 Cras ingens iterabimus sequor. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Lydia, dic, per omnes 
 
 Te deos oro, Sybarin cur properes amando 
 cp. a. p. 162. Perdere ? cur apricum 
 
 Oderit Campum, patiens pulveris atque solis ? 
 
 9. dicit. 16. detergifc, K. 17. perpcfcuos. 24. tristis. 
 2. Hoc deos, K. properas. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. ix. 
 
 5 Cur neque militaris 
 
 Inter sequales equitat, Gallica nec lupatis 
 Temperat ora frenis ? 
 
 Cur timet flavum Tiberim tangere ? cur olivum 
 Sanguine viperino 
 10 Cautius vitat, neque jam livida gestat armis 
 Bracchia, ssepe disco, 
 
 Ssepe trans finem jaculo nobilis expedito ? 
 Quid latet, ut marinae 
 Filium dicunt Thetidis sub lacriraosa Trojse 
 15 Funera, ne virilis 
 
 Cultus in csedem et Lycias proriperet catervas ? 
 
 flav. C. 1. 2. 13. 
 
 ii. S. 2. 2. 13. 
 
 lacr. C 1. 21. 13. 
 14. C. 4. 6. 6. 
 Ep. 13. 12. 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 IX. 
 
 Vides, ut alta stet nive candidum 
 Soracte, nec jam sustineant onus 
 Silvae laborantes, geluque 
 Flumina constiterint acuto ? 
 
 Dissolve frigus, ligna super foco 
 Large reponens : atque benignius 
 Deprome quadrimum Sabina, 
 O Thaliarche, merum diota. 
 
 Permitte Divis cetera, qui simul 
 Stravere ventos sequore fervido 
 Deprceliantes, nec cupressi 
 Nec veteres agitantur orni. 
 
 Quid sit futurum cras^ fuge quserere, et 
 Quem Fors dierum cumque dabit, lucro 
 Appone, nec dulces amores 
 
 Sperne, puer, neque tu choreas, 
 
 Donec virenti canities abest 
 Morosa. Nunc et Campus et arese, 
 
 viii. 6. equitet ; temperet, B. 
 
 lab. 
 
 C 2. 
 
 9.7. 
 
 s-c 
 
 . 3. 17. 13. 
 
 dep. 
 
 C. 1 
 Ep. 
 
 .36.11, 
 2.47. 
 
 13. C 3. 29. 29. 
 E. 1. 4. 14. 
 
 vir. Ep. 13. 4. 
 C 4. 13. 6. 
 
1<> Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 i. S. 2. 0. 5. 
 
 Lenesquc sub noctcm susurri 
 
 Composita rcpctantur hora : 20 
 
 Nunc et latentis proditor intimo 
 Gratus puellse risus ab angulo, 
 Pignusque clereptum lacertis 
 Aut digito male pertinaci. 
 
 X. 
 
 Mercuri, facunde nepos Atlantis, 
 a. s. l. 3. 99. Qui feros cultus hominum recentum 
 
 cat. c. 3. 12. 13. Voce formasti catus. et decorae 
 
 ii. 2. 2. 39. 
 
 More palsestrac, 
 
 Te canarn, magni Jovis et deorum 5 
 
 Nuntium, curvaeque lyrae parentem ; 
 Callidum, quidquid placuit, jocoso 
 Condere furto. 
 
 Te, boves olim nisi reddidisses 
 Per dolum amotas, puerum minaci 10 
 
 Voce dum terret, viduus pharetra 
 Risit Apollo. 
 
 Quin et Atridas, duce te, superbos, 
 i 4 . E P . 17. 15. Iho dives Priamus relicto 
 
 Thes. c. 2. 4. io. Thessalosque ignes et iniqua Trojse 15 
 
 Castra fefellit. 
 
 i?. c. i. 24. 16. Tu pias betis animas reponis 
 
 Sedibus, virgaque levem coerces 
 Aurea turbam, superis deorum 
 
 Gratus et imis. 20 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. xii. 
 
 11 
 
 XI. 
 
 i. C. 1. 9. 13. 
 
 nef. C. 4. 4. 22. 
 
 Tu ne qusesieris, scire nefas, quem mihi, qnem tibi 
 
 Finem di dederint, Leuconoe ; nec Babylonios 
 
 Temptaris numeros. Ut melius, qnidqnid erit, pati ! 
 
 Seu plures hiemes, seu tribuit Jupiter ultimam^ 
 
 Quse nunc oppositis debilitat pumicibus mare 
 
 Tyrrhenunij sapias, vina liques, et spatio brevi 
 
 Spem longam reseces. Dum loquimur, fugerit invida 
 
 iEtas. Carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero. 8 - ^- *• | *| 
 
 sap. C 1. 7. 17. 
 
 sp. C. 1. 4. 15. 
 
 2. 11. 11. 
 
 XII. 
 
 Quem virum aut heroa lyra vel acri 
 Tibia sumis celebrare, Clio ? 
 Quem deum ? Cujus recinet jocosa 
 Nomen imago, 
 
 5 Aut in umbrosis Heliconis oris, 
 
 Aut super Pindo, gelidove in Haemo ? 
 Unde vocalem temere insecutae 
 Orphea silvae, 
 
 Arte materna rapidos morantem 
 10 Fluminum lapsus celerisque ventos, 
 Blandum et auritas fidibus canoris 
 Ducere quercus. 
 
 Quid prius dicam solitis Parentis 
 Laudibus ? qui res hominum ac deorum, 
 15 Qui mare ac terras, variisque mundum 
 Temperat horis : 
 
 Unde nil majus generatur ipso, 
 Nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum : 
 Proximos illi tamen occupavit 
 20 Pallas honores. 
 
 xi. 3. tentaris. xn. 2. stimes. • 10. celeresque. 
 
 im. C. 1. 20. 8. 
 
 8. C. 1. 24. 13. 
 A. P. 391. 
 
 14. C. 3. 4. 45. 
 
 16. E. 1. 12. 16. 
 
12 Q. IIORATl FLACCI 
 
 21. c. 2. 19. 2G. Prceliis audax, nequc te silebo, 
 
 22 - c - *• ^\ Liber, et ssevis inimica Virgo 
 
 Beluis : nec te, metucndc certa 
 
 Phcebe sagitta. 
 2$. c. 4. 5. 35. Dicam et Alciden, puerosque Ledae, 25 
 
 2 6. s. 2. i. 26. Hunc equis, illum superare pugnis 
 
 21 ' °" l" 8.' 3i. Nobilem : quorum simul aiba nautis 
 
 Stella refulsit, 
 
 Defiuit saxis agitatus humor, 
 Concidunt venti, fugiuntque nubes, 30 
 
 Et minax, quod sic voluere, ponto 
 Unda recumbit. 
 33- e. 2. i. 5. Eomulum post hos prius, an quietum 
 
 Pompili regnum memorem, an superbos 
 cat. c. 2.' i.' li'. Tarquini fasces, dubito, an Catonis 35 
 
 Nobile letum. 
 
 Regulum, et Scauros, animseque magnse 
 Prodigum Paullum, superante Pceno, 
 Gratus insigni referam Camena, 
 
 Fabriciumque. 40 
 
 inc c. 2. 15. ii. Hunc et incomptis Curium capillis 
 
 Utilem bello tulit, et Camillum, 
 43 ' °' \ 6 5- 37 3 ' Sseva paupertas et avitus apto 
 
 Cum lare fundus. 
 
 37. 
 3. 2. 1. 
 
 Crescit, occulto velut arbor sevo, 45 
 
 Fama Marcelli ; micat inter omnis 
 Julium sidus, velut inter ignis 
 
 48. Ep. 15. 2. T 
 
 c;5. 35. Luna mmores. 
 
 Gentis humanse pater atque custos, 
 Orte Saturno, tibi cura magni 50 
 
 Csesaris fatis data ; tu secundo 
 Csesare regnes. 
 
 29. umor. 31. nam sic ; sic di. 46. omnes. 47. ignes. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. xiii. 13 
 
 Ille, seu Parthos Latio imminentes $ 3 . s. 2. 5. 62. 
 
 Egerit justo domitos triumpho, 54- c. 3. 3. 43. 
 Sive subjectos Orientis orae 
 
 Seras et Indos, se. c. 3. 29. 27. 
 
 Te minor latum reget sequus orbem ; si- c. 3. 5. 1. 
 
 Tu gravi curru quaties Olympum, S 8. c. 1. 34. 8. 
 
 Tu parum castis inimica mittes 
 Fulmina iucis. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 Cum tu, Lydia, Telephi 
 
 Cervicem roseam, cerea Telephi 
 Laudas bracchia, vae, meum 
 
 Fervens difficili bile tumet jecur. 4 . s h 9 . 66i 
 
 Tunc nec mens mihi nec color 
 
 Certa sede manet ; humor et in genas 
 Furtim labitur, arguens 
 
 Quam lentis penitus macerer ignibus. mac Ep u 16 
 
 Uror, seu tibi candidos 
 Turparunt umeros immodicse mero 
 
 Bixse, sive puer furens 
 
 Impressit memorem dente labris notam. 
 Non, si me satis audias, 
 
 Speres perpetuum, dulcia barbare 
 5 Laedentem oscula, quse Venus 
 
 Quinta parte sui nectaris imbuit. 
 Felices ter et amplius, 
 
 Quos irrupta tenet copula, nec malis 
 Divolsus querimoniis 
 Suprema citius solvet amor die. 
 
 57. laetum, B. regat aequos, B. 3. brachia. 5. tum. 
 
 6. manent ; umor. 10- humeros. 19. divulsus. 
 
I I Q. IIOIUTI FIACCI 
 
 $. C. 3. 29. 67. 
 
 20. C. 3. 28. 14. 
 
 XIV. 
 
 O navis, referent in mare te novi 
 Fluctus ! O quid agis ? fortiter occupa 
 Portum. Nonne vides, ut 
 Nudum remigio latus, 
 Et malus celeri saucius Africo 
 Antennseque gemant, ac sine funibus 
 Vix durare carinse 
 Possint imperiosius 
 
 iEquor ? Non tibi sunt integra lintea, 
 Non di, quos iterum pressa voces malo : 
 Quamvis Pontica pinus, 
 Silvse filia nobilis, 
 
 Jactes et genus et nomen inutile ; 
 Nil pictis timidus navita puppibus 
 Fidit. Tu, nisi ventis 
 Debes ludibrium, cave. 
 
 Nuper sollicitum quse mihi taedium, 
 Nunc desiderium. curaque non levis, 
 Interfasa nitentis 
 
 Vites sequora Cycladas. 
 
 XV. 
 
 Pastor quum traheret per freta navibus 
 2. c. 3. 3. 2b. Idseis Helenen perfidus hospitam, 
 
 Ingrato celeres obruit otio 
 Ventos, ut caneret fera 
 
 avi, c. 3. 3. 6i. Nereus fata : Mala ducis avi domum 5 
 
 Quam multo repetet Greecia milite, 
 Conjurata tuas rumpere nuptias, 
 Et regnum Priami vetus. 
 
 xiv. 1. referunt, 6. antemnee. 19. nitentes. xv. 2. Helenam. 
 
20. C. 4. 6. 12. 
 
 24. C. 4.9.17-20. 
 
 CARMINUM LIB. I. xvi. 15 
 
 Heu, heu ! quantus equis, quantus adest viris 9. Ep. 10. 15. 
 
 10 Sudor ! quanta moves funera Dardanse 
 
 Genti ! Jam galeam Pallas et segida <eg. c. 3. 4. 57. 
 
 Currusque et rabiem parat. 
 
 Nequiquanr, Veneris prsesidio ferox, 
 Pectes csesariem, grataque feminis 
 15 Imbelli cithara carmina divides ; 
 Nequiquam thalamo graves 
 
 Hastas et calami spicula Cnosii; Cnos c 4 9 17# 
 
 Vitabis, strepitumque, et celerem sequi 
 Ajacem; tamen, heu, serus adulteros 
 20 Crines pulvere collines. 
 
 Non Laertiaden, exitium tuae 
 Gentij non Pylium Nestora respicis ? 
 Urgent impavidi te Salaminius 
 Teucer et Sthenelus sciens 
 
 25 Pugnse, sive opus est imperitare equis, 
 
 Non auriga piger ; Merionen quoque Mer , c . L 6> i 6i 
 
 Nosces. Ecce furit te reperire atrox 
 Tydides, melior patre : 
 
 Quem tu, cervus uti vallis in altera 29. c. 4. 4. 50. 
 
 30 Visum parte lupum graminis immenior, 
 Sublimi fugies mollis anhelitu, 
 Non hoc pollicitus tuse. 
 
 Iracunda diem proferet Ilio 
 Matronisque Phrygum classis Achillei ; 
 35 Post certas hiemes uret Achaicus 
 
 Ignis Iliacas domos. 3 6. c. 4. 4. 53. 
 
 XVI. 
 
 O matre pulchra filia pulchrior, 
 Quem criminosis cumque voles modum 
 
 9. Eheu. 21. excidium. 22. gentis. 24. Teucer, te ; Teti- 
 cerque, et. 36. Pergameas. 
 
 D 2 
 
10 Q. HOIUTI FLAOCl 
 
 Pones iambis, sive fiamma 
 Sive mari libet Hadriano. 
 
 Non Dindymene, non adytis quatit 5 
 
 Mentem sacerdotum incola Pythius, 
 Non Liber aeque, non acuta 
 8. c. 1. 18. 13. Sic geminant Corybantes aera, 
 
 Nor. Ep. 17. 7i. Tristes ut irse ; quas neque Noricus 
 
 Deterret ensis, nec mare naufragum, 10 
 
 Nec ssevus ignis, nec tremendo 
 Juppiter ipse ruens tumultu. 
 
 Fertur Prometheus, addere principi 
 Limo coactus particulam undique 
 
 Desectam, et insani leonis 15 
 
 Vim stomacho apposuisse nostro. 
 
 Thy. a. p. 9i. Irae Thyesten exitio gravi 
 
 Stravere, et altis urbibus ultimae 
 Stetere causse, cur perirent 
 
 Funditus, imprimeretque muris 20 
 
 ins. e p . 16.' 14. Hostile aratrum exercitus insolens. 
 
 22. e. i. 2. 63. Compesce mentem : me quoque pectoris 
 
 23 c 3 . i4. 27. Temptavit in dulci juventa 
 
 Fervor, et in celeres iambos 
 
 Misit furentem : nunc ego mitibus 25 
 
 Mutare qusero tristia ; dum mihi 
 Fias recantatis amica 
 
 Opprobriis, animumque reddas. 
 
 XVII. 
 
 Velox amoenum ssepe Lucretilem 
 Mutat Lycseo Faunus, et igneam 
 Defendit sestatem capellis 
 
 Usque meis, pluviosque ventos. 
 
 23. tentavit. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. xviii. 17 
 
 5 Impune tutum per nemus arbutos $. c. 3. is. 13. 
 
 Quserunt latentes et thyma deviae 
 Olentis uxores mariti : 
 
 Nec viridis metuunt colubras, s. e p . 16. 52. 
 
 Nec Martialis Hsedilise lupos : 
 10 Utcunque dulci, Tyndari, fistula 
 Valles et Usticse cubantis 
 Levia personuere saxa. 
 
 Di me tuentur : dis pietas mea 
 Et Musa cordi est. Hic tibi copia 
 15 Manabit ad plenum benigno 
 
 Ruris honorum opulenta cornu. j6 . e. 1. 12 29. 
 
 C. S. 60. 
 
 Hic in reducta valle Caniculse caa^'i'il'9 
 
 E. 1.10.' 16. 
 Te. C 4. 9. 9. 
 
 Vitabis sestus, et fide Teia 
 
 24. C. 1. 6. 17. 
 
 Dices laborantis in uno lab q\ 27 { 9 
 
 20 Penelopen vitreamque Circen. 
 
 Hic innocentis pocula Lesbii 
 
 Duces sub umbra : nec Semeleius duc c - 3. 3. 34. 
 
 ' Sem. C 1. 19. 4. 
 
 Cum Marte confundet Thyoneus 
 Prcelia, nec metues protervum 
 
 25 Suspecta Cyrum, ne male dispari 
 Incontinentis iniciat manus, 
 Et scindat hserentem coronam 
 Crinibus, immeritamque vestem. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 Nitllam, Vare, sacra vite prius severis arborem 
 
 Circa mite solum Tiburis et mcenia Catili. 
 
 Siccis omnia nam dura deus proposuit, neque 
 
 Mordaces aliter difFugiunt sollicitudines. mor c 2 n i 8 
 
 8. virides. 9. Martiales. 14. ? cordist. 19. laborantes. 
 26. incontinentes : injiciat. 
 
18 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 $. c. 3. 21. 19. Quis post vina gravem militiam aut paupcriem crepat ? 5 
 
 Quis non te potius, Bacche pater, tequo,decensYenus? 
 7. c. i. 13. io. At ne quis modici transiliat munera Liberi, 
 8 " C '4'2 2 "i4 Centaurea monet cum Lapithis rixa super mero 
 9. c. i. 27. 2. Debellata, monet Sithoniis non levis Euhius, 
 
 Quum fas atque nefas exiguo fine libidinum 10 
 
 Discernunt avidi. Non ego te, candide Bassareu, 
 Invitum quatiam : nec variis obsita frondibus 
 Sub divum rapiam. Saeva tene cum Berecyntio 
 Cornu tympana, quae subsequitur csecus Amor sui, 
 15. c. 3. 16. 19. Et tollens vacuum plus nimio Gloria verticem, 15 
 
 l6 ' E. 3 i. 2 5.' 16.' Arcanique Fides prodiga, perlucidior vitro. 
 
 XIX. 
 
 I. c. 4. 1. 5. Mater sseva Cupidinum,, 
 
 Thebanseque jubet me Semeles puer, 
 Et lasciva Licentia, 
 
 Finitis animum reddere amoribus. 
 nit. c. 3. 12. 8. Urit me Glycerae nitor 5 
 
 Splendentis Pario marmore purius : 
 Urit grata protervitas, 
 
 Et voltus nimium lubricus adspici. 
 In me tota ruens Yenus 
 Cyp. c. 1. 3. 1. Cvprum deseruit : nec patitur Scythas, 10 
 
 Scy. C. 3. 8. 23. _ . . . 
 
 II. c. 2. 13. 17. Et versis anrmosum equis 
 
 Parthum dicere, nec quse nihil attinent. 
 13. c. 3. 8. 4. Hic vivum mihi caespitein, hic 
 
 ver. c. 4. ii. 7. Verbenas, pueri, ponite, thuraque 
 
 Bimi cum patera meri : 15 
 
 Mactata veniet lenior hostia. 
 
 xvin. 7. ac, B. xix. 12. attinet. 14. turaque. 
 
CABMINUM LIB. I. xxi. 19 
 
 can. 
 tes. 
 
 E. 
 C. 
 E. 
 
 1. 
 3. 
 1. 
 
 5.23. 
 14. 20. 
 2.70. 
 
 i-c 
 
 .3. 
 
 16 
 
 .20. 
 
 8. C 
 
 .1. 
 
 12 
 
 .4. 
 
 Ccec 
 
 Cal. 
 
 Fal. 
 For. 
 
 . C. 1 
 
 2. 
 
 3. 
 
 Ep. 
 
 C. 1. 
 
 4. 
 
 C. 3. 
 
 C.3. 
 
 . 37. 5. 
 
 14. 25. 
 
 28. 3. 
 
 9. 1. 
 
 31. 9. 
 
 12. 14. 
 1.43. 
 16. 34. 
 
 XX. 
 
 Vile potabis modicis Sabinum 
 Cantharis, Graeca quod ego ipse testa 
 Conditum levi, datus in theatro 
 Cum tibi plausus, 
 
 Care Maecenas eques, ut paterni 
 Fluminis ripse, simul et jocosa 
 Redderet laudes tibi Vaticani 
 Montis imago. 
 
 Csecubam et prelo domitam Caleno 
 Tu bibes uvam : mea nec Falemae 
 Temperant vites, neque Formiani 
 Pocula colles. 
 
 XXI. 
 
 Dianam tenerae dicite virgines : x c 3 28> 12. 
 
 Intonsum, pueri, dicite Cynthium : 2. e p . 15. 9. 
 
 Latonamque supremo " 
 Dilectam penitus Jovi. 
 
 Vos laetam fluviis et nemorum coma, _ _ 00 _ 
 
 5. \j>* 3. 22. 1. 
 
 Quaecumque aut gelido prominet Algido, Al c 3 23 9 
 
 Nigris aut Erymanthi 
 Silvis, aut viridis Cragi : 
 
 Vos Tempe totidem tollite laudibus, 
 Natalemque, mares, Delon Apollinis, 
 Insignemque pharetra 
 
 Fratemaque umerum lyra. 
 
 Hic bellum lacrimosum, hic miseram famem 
 Pestemque a populo, principe Csesare, in 
 Persas atque Britannos 
 
 Vestra motus aget prece. 3 ; f 
 
 xx. 5. clare. xxi. 16. agit. 
 
 Tem. C. 1. 7. 4. 
 3. 1. 24. 
 
 [o. C. 3. 4. 63. 
 
 pri. C. 1. 2. 50. 
 Per. C. 1. 2. 22. 
 Bri. C. 1. 35. 29. 
 
 3. 4. 33. 
 
20 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 XXII. 
 
 int. s. 2. 3. 65^, Integer vitse scelerisque purus 
 
 Non eget Mauris jaculis, neque arcu, 
 Nec venenatis gravida sagittis, 
 Fusce, pharetra : 
 
 5. e p . 9. 33. Sive per Syrtes iter sestuosas, 5 
 
 Sive facturus per inhospitalem 
 fai. c. 3. 4. 9. Caucasum. vel quse loca fabulosus 
 
 1.4.16. ' ^ 
 
 Lambit Hydaspes. 
 
 Namque me silva lupus in Sabina, 
 Dum meam canto Lalagen, et ultra 10 
 
 Terminum curis vagor expeditis, 
 Fugit inermem. 
 
 por e 2 i. ii. Quale portentum neque militaris 
 
 Dau. c.3. 30. ii. Daunias latis alit aesculetis, 
 
 Nec Jubse tellus generat, leonum 15 
 
 Arida nutrix. 
 
 17. c. 3. 3. 55 ; Pone me, pigris ubi nulla campis 
 
 24.37. . .. 
 
 Arbor sestiva recreatur aura ; 
 Quod latus mundi nebulse malusque 
 jup. c. 1.1.« ; Juppiter urget : 20 
 
 Pone sub curru nimium propinqui 
 Solis, in terra domibus negata : 
 Dulce ridentem Lalagen amabo, 
 Dulce loquentem. 
 
 XXIII. 
 
 Vitas inuleo me similis, Chloe, 
 Quserenti pavidam montibus aviis 
 Matrem, non sine vano 
 Aurarum et siliise metu. 
 
 11. expeditus, K. 1. hiimuleo. 
 
 16. 12. 
 
 sil. Ep. 13. 2. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. xxiv. 21 
 
 5 Nam seu mobilibus veris inhorruit 
 Adventus foliis, seu virides rubum 
 Dimovere lacertse, 
 
 Et corde et genibus tremit. 
 
 Atqui non ego te, tigris ut aspera 
 10 Gsetulusve leo, frangere persequor : io. c. 3. 11. 41 ; 
 
 Tandem desine matrem 
 Tempestiva sequi viro. 
 
 XXIV. 
 
 Quis desiderio sit pudor aut modus 
 
 Tam cari capitis ? Prsecipe lugubris C ap. e p . 5. 74. 
 
 Cantus Melpomene, cui liquidam Pater 
 Yocem cum citbara dedit. 
 
 5 Ergo Quinctilium perpetuus sopor erg. s. 2. 5. 101. 
 
 TT . ._.,_.. *op. C 3. 11. 38. 
 
 U rget ! cui Pudor, et Justitise soror, 6# c> s# 57> 
 
 Incorrupta Fides, nudaque Veritas 
 Quando ullum inveniet parem ? 
 
 Multis ille bonis flebilis occidit : 
 10 Nulli flebilior, quam tibi, Virgili. 
 
 Tu frustra pius. heu ! non ita creditum ■/»•■*£■ ?■ J * 4 - 2 - 
 
 r ' cr. C 1. 3. 5. 
 
 Poscis Quinctilium deos. 
 
 Quod si Threicio blandius Orpheo I3 c x 12i u ; 
 
 Auditam moderere arboribus fidem, 
 1 5 Non vanse redeat sanguis imagini, 
 Quam virga semel horrida, 
 
 Non lenis precibus fata recludere, 
 Nigro compulerit Mercurius gregi. 
 Durum ! Sed levius fit patientia, 
 20 Quidquid corrigere est nefas. 
 
 2. lugubres. 5. Quiutilium. 10. Vergili, B. 15. num, B. K. 
 
 16. C 1. 10. 18. 
 
22 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 XXV. 
 
 i. c. 3. 26. 8. Parcius junctas quatiunt fenestras 
 
 Ictibus crebris juvenes protervi, 
 Nec tibi somnos adimunt : amatque 
 Janua limen, 
 
 Quse prius multum facilis movebat 5 
 
 Cardines. Audis minus et minus jam, 
 ' ' Me tuo longas pereunte noctes, 
 Lydia, dormis ?" 
 
 arr. c. 3. 26. 12. Invicem mcechos anus arrogantis 
 
 Flebis in solo levis angiportu ; 10 
 
 Thr. c. 4. 12. 2. Thracio bacchante magis sub inter- 
 
 Ep. 13. 3. & 
 
 lunia vento, 
 
 Quum tibi flagrans amor, et libido, 
 Quse solet matres furiare equorum, 
 Saeviet circa jecur ulcerosum ; 15 
 
 Non sine questu, 
 
 Laeta quod pubes hedera virenti 
 Gaudeat pulla magis atque myrto, 
 Aridas frondes Hiemis sodali 
 Heb. e. i. 3. 3 ; Dedicet Hebro. 20 
 
 16. 13. 
 
 XXVI. 
 
 Musis amicus, tristitiam et metus 
 2 . Ep. n. 16. Tradam protervis in mare Creticum 
 
 Portare ventis, quis sub Arcto 
 Kex gelidse metuatur orse, 
 
 Quid Tiridaten terreat, unice 5 
 
 Securus. O, quse fontibus integris 
 Gaudes, apricos necte flores, 
 Necte meo Lamiae coronaru, 
 
 XV, 2. jactibus. 9. arrogantes. 17. virente. 20. Euro, Bent. 
 
 C 3. 8. 27. 
 
 4 . C. 4. 5.25. 
 
CJRMINUM LIB. I. xxvii. 23 
 
 Pimplea dulcis ; nil sine te mei 
 
 10 Possunt honores : hunc fidibus novis, 
 
 Hunc Lesbio sacrare plectro, Les. c. 1. 1. 34; 
 
 Teque tuasque decet sorores. 2.13.14. 
 
 u ^- 3. 30. 13. 
 
 XXVII. 
 
 Natts in usum lsetitise scyphis 
 
 Pugnare, Thracum est : tollite barbarum 2 c 1 18 9 
 
 Morem, verecundumque Bacchum 
 Sanguineis prohibete rixis. 
 
 5 Vino et lucernis Medus acinaces luc - a 3 * U 23. 
 
 Immane quantum discrepat : impium 
 Lenite clamorem, sodales, 
 
 Et cubito remanete presso. eub s 2 4 39 , 
 
 Voltis severi me quoque sumere 
 10 Partem JMerni ? dicat Opuntiae 
 Frater Megillaej quo beatus 
 Volnere., qua pereat sagitta. 
 
 Cessat voluntas ? non alia bibam 
 Mercede. Quie te cumque domat Venus, 
 15 Non erubescendis adurit 
 
 Ignibus, ingenuoque semper ; « c 3 7 11 
 
 Amore peccas. Quidquid habes, age, pec c 3 7 19 
 
 Depone tutis auribus — Ah miser, 
 Quanta laborabas Charybdi, 
 20 Digne puer meliore ilamma ! 
 
 Quse saga, quis te solvere Thessalis 
 
 Cha. A.P. 145. 
 
 Magus venenis, quis poterit deus ? ven. e p . 5. 8. 
 
 Vix illigatum te triformi 
 
 Pegasus expediet Chimsera. ^f • £• 2 4 - ^ ■ %■ 
 
 ' 4.' 2. i6. ' 
 2. ? Thracumst. 9. vultis. 12. vuluere. 
 
24 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 XXVIII. 
 
 Te maris et terrae numeroque earentis harenae 
 14. q\ Mensorem cohibent, Archyta, 
 
 Pulveris exigui prope litus parva Matinum 
 
 Munera, nec quicquam tibi prodest 
 Aerias temptasse domos, animoque rotundum 5 
 
 Percurrisse polum, morituro. 
 Pei. Ep^i^es^ Occidit et Pelopis genitor, conviva deorum, 
 Tithonusque remotus in auras, 
 Et Jovis arcanis Minos admissus, habentque 
 io E P 15 2i. Tartara Panthoiden iterum Orco 10 
 
 Demissum ; quamvis, clypeo Trojana refixo 
 
 Tempora testatus, nihil ultra 
 Nervos atque cutem Morti concesserat atrse, 
 Judice te non sordidus auctor 
 nox, c. i. 4. 16. Naturae verique. Sed omnes una manet nox, 15 
 
 16. c. 2. 14. 9. Et calcanda semel via leti. 
 
 i-7 c i 2 37 Dant alios Furise torvo spectacula Marti ; 
 
 Exitio est avidum mare nautis ; 
 Mixta senum ac juvenum densentur funera, nullum 
 
 Pro. c. 2. 13. 2i. Sseva caput Proserpina fugit. 20 
 
 OH. c. 3*. 27. i8. Me quoque devexi rapidus comes Orionis 
 
 Ep. 10. 10. 1 . 1 r 
 
 15. 7. Illyricis Notus obruit undis. 
 
 At tu, nauta, vagae ne parce malignus harenae 
 
 Ossibus et capiti inhumato 
 Particulam dare : sic quodcumque minabitur Eurus 
 Hes. c. 2. 17. 2o. Fluctibus Hesperiis, Venusina? 26 
 
 Plectantur silvse, te sospite, multaque merces, 
 
 Unde potest, tibi defluat sequo 
 Ab Jove, Neptunoque sacri custode Tarenti. 
 
 Neglegis immeritis nocituram 30 
 
 Postmodo te natis fraudem committere ? Fors et 
 
 Debita jura vicesque superbse 
 
 1. arenoe. 5. teiitasse. 18. ? exitiost. 23. arena?. 
 
CJRMINUM LIB. I. xxx. 25 
 
 Te maneant ipsum : precibus non linquar inultis, 
 
 Teque piacula nulla resolvent. 34 Ep 5 90 
 
 35 Quamquam festinas, non est mora longa ; licebit 
 Injecto ter pulvere curras. 
 
 XXIX. 
 
 Icci, beatis nunc Arabum invides i. c. 2. 12. 24. 
 
 Gazis, et acrem militiam paras 
 Non ante devictis Sabsese 
 Regibus, horribilique Medo 
 
 Nectis catenas ? Quse tibi virginum, 
 5 Sponso necatOj barbara serviet ? 
 Puer quis ex aula capillis 
 
 Ad cyathum statuetur unctis, 
 
 Doctus sagittas tendere Sericas 
 10 Arcu paterno ? Quis neget arduis 
 Pronos relabi posse rivos 
 
 Montibus, et Tiberim reverti ; 
 
 Quum tu coemptos undique nobilis 
 
 Libros Panaeti, Socraticam et domum, Soc - c '^--p-J 
 
 15 Mutare loricis Hiberis, 
 
 Pollicitus meliora, tendis ? 
 
 XXX. 
 
 O Venus, regina Cnidi Paphique, z c . 3. 28. 13. 
 
 Sperne dilectam Cypron, et vocantis 2 . c. 1. 3. 1 ; 
 Thure te multo Glycerse decoram 3. 26. 9." 
 
 J Gly. C 1. 19. 5. 
 
 Transfer in sedem. 3. 19. 28. 
 
 Fervidus tecum Puer, et solutis 
 Gratise zonis, properentque Nymphse, 
 Et parum comis sine te Juventas, 
 Mercuriusque. 
 
 xxix. 13. nobiles. xxx. 3. ture. 
 
 6. C. 1. 4. 6. 
 3. 21. 22. 
 
20 Q. IIORATl FLACCI 
 
 XXXI. 
 
 *■ E< 2' 1' l u ) Quid dedicatum poscit Apollinem 
 
 pat . c. 4. 5. 34. Vates ? quid orat, de patera novum 
 
 Fundens liquorem ? Non opimse 
 Sardinise segetes feraces, 
 <es. e p . i6. 62. Non aestuosse grata Calabrise 5 
 
 Cal. Ep. 1. 27. ° 
 
 Armenta, non aurum, aut ebur Indicum, 
 Non rura, quae Liris quieta 
 Mordet aqua taciturnus amnis. 
 
 Cai c. 1. 20. 9. Premant Calena falce, quibus dedit 
 
 4. 12. 14. ' ^ 
 
 Fortuna, vitem : dives et aureis 10 
 
 cui a p 434. Mercator exsiccet culullis 
 
 Vina Syra reparata merce, 
 
 Dis carus ipsis, quippe ter et quater 
 Anno revisens sequor Atlanticum 
 i< e 2 1 123 Impune. Me pascunt olivse, 15 
 
 Me cichorea, levesque malvse. 
 
 par. s. 1. 4. 108. Frui paratis et valido mihi, 
 
 2. 3. 167. r 
 
 Latoe, dones, et, precor, integra 
 Cum mente ; nec turpem senectam 
 
 Degere, nec cithara carentem. 20 
 
 XXXII. 
 
 umb e. 2. 2 78 Poscimur. Si quid vacui sub umbra 
 
 Lusimus tecum, quod et hunc in annum 
 Vivat et plures ; age, dic Latinum, 
 Barbite, carmen, 
 
 Lesbio primum modulate civi, 
 Qui, ferox bello, tamen inter arma, 
 Sive jactatam rehgarat udo 
 Litore navim, 
 
 xxxi. 3. opimas 4. feracis. 10. ut. 15. pascant. 
 
 xxxii. 1. poscimus, Bent. 
 
 rel. S.l. 5. 19. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. xxxiv. 27 
 
 Liberum et Musas, Veneremque, et illi 
 10 Semper hserentem Puerum canebat, 
 
 tt E 1 7 26 
 
 Et Lycuni, nigris oculis nigroque " a. p.*37.' 
 
 Crine decorum. 
 
 O decus Phoebi, et dapibus supremi 
 Grata testudo Jovis, o laborum 
 15 Dulce lenimen, mihi cumque salve 
 Bite vocanti. 
 
 XXXIII. 
 
 Albt, ne doleas plus nimio, memor 
 Immitis Glycerse, neu miserabiles 
 Decantes elegos, cur tibi junior 
 . Lsesa praeniteat fide ; 
 
 5 Insignem tenui tronte Lycorida /ro. e. i. 7. 26. 
 
 Cyri torret amor, Cyrus in asperam 
 Declinat Pholoen ; sed prius Apulis 
 Jungentur caprese lupis, 
 
 Quam turpi Pholoe peccet adultero. 
 10 Sic visum Venerr, cui placet impares 
 
 Formas atque animos sub. juga aenea „, c. 3. 9. is. 
 
 Ssbvo mittere cum joco. 
 
 Ipsum me melior quum peteret Venus, 
 Grata detinuit compede Myrtale com. c. 4. 11.23. 
 
 15 Libertina, fretis acrior Hadrise Ha a. c. 3. 9. 23. 
 
 Curvantis Calabros sinus. 
 
 XXXIV. 
 
 Parctjs deorum cultor et infrequens, 
 Insanientis dum sapientise 
 
 Consultus erro, nunc retrorsum 
 Vela dare, atque iterare cursus 
 
28 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Cogor relictos. Namque Diespiter, 5 
 
 Igni corusco nubila dividens 
 Plerumque, per purum tonantes 
 8. c. i. 12. 59. Egit equos volucremque currum ; 
 
 iru. c. 3. 4. 45. q u0 Dm ta tellus, et vaga flumina, 
 
 Quo Styx et invisi horrida Taenari 10 
 
 Sedes, Atlanteusque finis 
 
 Concutitur. Valet ima summis 
 
 Mutare, et insignem attenuat deus, 
 api. c. 3. 2i. 20. Obscura promens. Hinc apicem rapax 
 
 Fortuna cum stridore acuto 15 
 
 Sustulit, hic posuisse gaudet. 
 
 XXXV. 
 
 O diva, gratum quee regis Antium, 
 Prsesens vel imo tollere de gradu 
 Mortale corpus, vel superbos 
 Vertere funeribus triumphos ; 
 
 Te pauper ambit sollicita prece 5 
 
 Ruris colonus; te dominam sequoris, 
 Quicumque Bithyna lacessit 
 Carpathium pelagus carina. 
 
 Te Dacus asper, te profugi Scythse, 
 Urbesque gentesque et Latium ferox, 10 
 
 Regumque matres barbarorum, et 
 Purpurei metuunt tyranni, 
 
 Injurioso ne pede proruas 
 p.fr.c.2.i7.25. Stantem columnam, neu populus frequens 
 
 Ad arma cessantis ad arma 15 
 
 Concitet, imperiumque frangat. 
 
 Te semper anteit sseva Necessitas, 
 Clavos trabalis et cuneos manu 
 
 xxxiv. 5. relectos, Bent. 7. tonantis. xxxv. 15. c^ssantes. 
 
 17. serva. 18. trabales. 
 
 Bit. 
 
 E. 1. 6. 33. 
 C. 3. 7. 3. 
 
 Car. 
 
 C. 4. 5. 10. 
 
 Dac 
 
 Scy. 
 
 . C. 3. 8. 18. 
 C. 4. 14. 42. 
 
 2. 11. 1, 
 
 3. 8. 23. 
 
 ti. C. 3. 2. 7. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. xxxvi. 29 
 
 Gestans aena ; nec severus 
 
 Uncus abest, liquidumque plumbum. 
 
 Te Spes et albo rara Fides colit 
 Velata panno, nec comitem abnegat, 
 Utcumque mutata potentis 
 Veste domos inimica linquis. 
 At volgus infidum et meretrix retro 
 Perjura cedit ; diffugiunt cadis 
 Cum fsece siccatis anrici, 
 Ferre jugum pariter dolosi. 
 
 Serves iturum Csesarem in ultimos 
 
 Orbis Britannos, et juvenum recens Bn c 'l'il'^' 
 
 Examen Eois timendum 
 Partibus, Oceanoque rubro. 
 
 Ebeu ! cicatricum et sceleris pudet 
 Eratrumque — Quid nos dura refugimus 
 
 JEtas? quid intactum nefasti S^cViSS 
 
 Liquimus ? unde manum juventus 
 
 Metu deorum continuit ? quibus 
 Pepercit aris ? O utinam nova 
 Incude diffingas retusum in 
 Massagetas Arabasque ferrum. 
 
 XXXVI. 
 
 Et thure et fidibus juvat 
 
 Placare et vituli sanguine debito 
 Custodes Numidse deos, 
 
 Qui nunc, Hesperia sospes ab ultima, 
 5 Caris multa sodalibus, 
 
 Nulli plura tamen dividit oscula 
 Quam dulci Lainiae, memor 
 
 Actae non alio rege puertiae, reg. a. p. vsl 
 
 23. pctentes. 25. vulgus. 39. retuusum, K. xxxv. 1. ture. 
 
 2. E. 1. 3. 36. 
 
 C 2. 7. 17. 
 
30 Q. HORATl FLACCI 
 
 Mutatseque simul togse. 
 
 Cressa ne careat pulchra dies nota : 1 
 
 pro ' % V^" ~^ en P rom P tse modus amphorae, 
 
 Neu morem in Salium sit requics pedum, 
 Neu multi Damalis meri 
 Thr. c. 1. 18. 9 5 Bassum Threicia vincat amystide, 
 
 Neu desint epulis rosae, ] 5 
 
 apL °' l-ii 2 !' ^ eu ^iv^ apium, neu breve lilium. 
 
 Omnes in Damalin putres 
 
 Deponent oculos, nec Damalis novo 
 Divelletur adultero, 
 20. e p . io. 5. Lascivis hederis ambitiosior. 20 
 
 XXXVII. 
 
 Nunc est bibendum, nunc pede libero 
 Pulsanda tellus ; nunc Saliaribus 
 Ornare pulvinar deorura 
 
 Tempus erat dapibus, sodales. 
 
 Antehac nefas depromere Csecubum 5 
 
 Cellis avitis, dum Capitolio 
 Regina dementis ruinas, 
 Funus et imperio parabat 
 
 Contaminato cum grege turpium 
 imp. c. 3. 30. 3. Morbo virorum, quidlibet impotens 10 
 
 Sperare, fortunaque dulci 
 Ebria. Sed minuit furorem 
 
 Vix una sospes navis ab ignibus ; 
 Mentemque lymphatam Mareotico 
 
 Redegit in veros timores 15 
 
 Csesar, ab Italia volantem 
 
 Remis adurgens, accipiter velut 
 Mollis columbas, aut leporem citus 
 
 7. dementes. 18 molles. 
 
 5. Ep. 9. 1. 
 Cap. C. 3. 3. 42. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. I. xxxviii. 31 
 
 Venator in campis nivaiis 
 20 Hsemonise, daret nt catenis 
 
 Fatale monstrnm ; quse generosins 
 Perire quaerens, nec muliebriter 
 Expavit ensem, nec latentis 
 Classe cita reparavit oras : 
 
 25 Ausa et jacentem visere regiam 25. c. 4. 14. 35. 
 
 Voltu sereno, fortis et asperas 
 Tractare serpentes, ut atrum 
 Corpore combiberet venenum ; 
 
 Deliberata morte ferocior, 
 30 Ssevis Liburnis scilicet invidens L;b E T x 
 
 Privata deduci superbo 
 
 Non humilis mulier triumpho. 
 
 XXXVIII. 
 
 Perstcos odi, puer, apparatus ; 
 
 Displicent nexse philyra coronae ; *>r. c.1.7. 23. 
 
 Mitte sectari, rosa quo locorum 
 Sera moretur. 
 
 Simplici myrto nihil allabores 
 Sedulus curo ; neque te ministrum 
 Dedecet myrtus, neque me sub arta myr 2 7 25 
 
 Vite bibentem. 
 
 23. latentes. 26. vultu. 
 
 E 2 
 
32 
 
 Q. HORATI FLACCI CABMINA. 
 
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 
 i. 
 
 Motum ex Metello consule civicum, 
 Bellique causas et vitia et modos, 
 Ludumque Fortunse, gravisque 
 Principum amicitias., et arma 
 
 ^. c. 1. 2. 29. Nondum expiatis uncta cruoribus, 5 
 
 aie. s. 2. 5. 50. Periculosse plenum opus alese, 
 
 Tractas et incedis per ignes 
 Suppositos cineri doloso. 
 
 Paulum severse Musa tragcediae 
 Desit theatris : mox ubi publicas 10 
 
 c/ra. cot. a.p.80. Res ordinaris, grande munus 
 
 Cecropio repetes cothurno, 
 
 Insigne msestis prsesidium reis 
 Et consulenti Pollio curise, 
 
 Cui laurus seternos honores 15 
 
 Delmatico peperit triumpho. 
 
 Jam nunc minaci murmure cornuum 
 m c j j 23 Perstringis aures, jam litui strepunt, 
 
 3. gravesque. 16. Dalmatico. 
 
CJRMINUM LIB. II. ii. 33 
 
 Jam fulgor armoruin fugacis 
 20 Terret equos equitumque voltus. 
 
 Audire magnos jam videor duces 
 
 Non indecoro pulvere sordidos, 22 c L 6 14 
 
 Et cuncta terrarum subacta 
 
 Prseter atrocem animum Catonis. cat. c. 1. 12. 36. 
 
 25 Juno et deorum quisquis amicior 
 Afris inulta cesserat impotens 
 Tellure victorum nepotes 
 
 Rettulit inferias Jugurthse. Jug Ep 9 23. 
 
 Quis non Latino sanguine pinguior 29 . e p . 7. 3. 
 
 30 Campus sepulcris impia prcelia 
 Testatur, auditumque Medis 
 Hesperise sonitum ruinae ? 
 
 Qui gurges, aut quae flumina lugubris 
 Ignara belli ? quod mare Daunise 
 35 Non decoloravere csedes ? 
 
 Quae caret ora cruore nostro ? 
 
 Sed ne relictis, Musa procax, joois, 37 . c . 3. 3. 69. 
 
 Ceae retractes munera neniie, Cea , c 4 9 7 
 
 Mecum Dionaeo sub antro 
 
 ant. C. 3. 4. 40. 
 
 40 Qusere modos leviore plectro. ple c 2 . 13. 27. 
 
 II. 
 
 Nulltts argento color est avaris 
 
 Abdito terris, inimice lamnae abd. c. 3. 3. 50. 
 
 Crispe Sallusti, nisi temperato 
 Splendeat usu. 
 
 Vivet extento Proculeius aevo 
 
 Notus in fratres animi paterni : pa t. c. 4. 4. 27. 
 
 Illum aget penna metuente solvi 
 Fama superstes. 
 
 19. fugaces. 20. vultus. 7. phma, B. 
 
34 Q. 1I0RATI FLACCI 
 
 9 . o. 3. 16. 25. Latius regnes avidum domando 
 
 Spiritmn, quam si Libyam remotis 10 
 
 Gadibus jungas, et uterque Poenus 
 Serviat uni. 
 
 i 3 . e. 2. 2. 148. Crescit indulgens sibi dirus hydrops, 
 
 Nec sitim pellit, nisi causa morbi 
 Fugerit venis, et aquosus albo 15 
 
 Corpore languor. 
 
 17. e. 1. 12. 27. Redditum Cyri solio Phraaten 
 c. 3. 9. 4. m J 
 
 18. c. 4. 9. 15. Dissidens plebi numero beatorum 
 
 Eximit Virtus., populumque falsis 
 
 Dedocet uti 20 
 
 Vocibus ; regnum et diadema tutum 
 def. e. 1. 12. 23. Deferens uni propriamque laurum, 
 
 Quisquis ingentis oculo inretorto 
 Spectat acervos. 
 
 HL 
 
 *qu. c. 3 29 33. .ZEqttam memerito rebusiri arduis 
 
 Jli. l.io.ll^. 
 
 i. c. 2. io. 2i. Servare mentem, non secus in bonis 
 
 Ab insolenti temperatam 
 Lsetitia, moriture Delli, 
 
 Seu inaestus omni tempore vixeris, 5 
 
 6. Ep. 2. 24. . Seu te in remoto gramine per dies 
 
 fes. c. 3. 14. 13. Festos reclinatum bearis 
 
 not. s. i. io. 24. Interiore nota Falerni. 
 
 9 . c. 2. n. 13. Q uo pinus ingens albaque populus 
 
 Umbram hospitalem consociare amant 10 
 
 Ramis ? quid obliquo laborat 
 tre e. i io 21 Lympha fugax trepidare rivo ? 
 
 i 3 . c. 1. 36. 18. Huc vina et unguenta et nimium brevis 
 
 29 - 3 - Flores amcenae ferre jube rosae, 
 
 11. 23. ingentes. iii. 11. ci. Bent. ' 13. breves. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. II. iv. 35 
 
 Dum res et setas et Sororum 
 Fila trium patiuntur atra. 
 
 Cedes coemptis saltibus, et domo, i 7 . c. 2. u. 21. 
 
 Villaque, fiavus quam Tiberis lavit ; 
 Cedes, et exstructis in altum 
 
 Divitiis potietur heres. 20. c. 2. 14. 25. 
 
 Divesne prisco natus ab Inacho, «. o. 2. 14. 11. 
 
 Nil interest, an pauper et infima 
 
 De gente sub divo moreris, div. c. 1. 1. 25. 
 
 Victima nil miserantis Orci. 
 
 Omnes eodem cogimur; omnium 
 Versatur urna serius ocius 
 
 Sors exitura, et nos in seternum 
 Exsilium impositura cumbse. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Ne sit ancillse tibi amor pudori, 
 
 Xanthia Phoceu ; prius insolentem «■*■ e p- 17 - u - 
 
 Serva Briseis niveo colore 
 Movit Achillem : 
 
 Movit Ajacem Telamone natum 
 Forma captivse dominum Tecmessse : 
 Arsit Atrides medio in triumpho 
 Virgine rapta, 
 
 Barbarae postquam cecidere turmse 
 
 Thessalo victore, et ademptus Hector The - c - ] J° a 15 - 
 
 Tradidit fessis leviora tolli I0 - c - 3 - 3 - 2S - 
 
 Pergama Grais. 
 
 Nescias, an te generum beati 
 Phyllidis fiavse decorent parentes : 
 Regium certe genus et Penatis 
 Mseret iniquos. 
 
 18. flavos, B. lavat, B. '28. cymbae. iv. 15. Penatesr. 
 
36 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 1S. 
 
 14. A. P. 175. 
 
 Crede non illam tibi de scelesta 
 Plebe delectam ; neque sic fidelem, 
 Sic lucro aversam, potuisse nasci 
 
 Matre pudenda. 20 
 
 Brachia et vultum teretisque suras 
 
 /Ij. c. 1.9.13. Integer laudo : fuge suspicari, 
 
 Cujus octavum trepidavit setas 
 Claudere lustrum. 
 
 V. 
 
 sub. e. 1. 3. 31. Nondum subacta ferre iugum valet 
 
 jug. C 1. 33. 11. m J ° 
 
 mun. s. 2. 2. 8i. Cervice, nondum munia comparis 
 
 iEquare, nec tauri ruentis 
 In Yenerem tolerare pondus. 
 
 5 . c. 3. 11. 9. Circa virentis est animus tuae 
 
 Campos juvencse, nuiic fluviis gravem 
 Solantis aestum, nunc in udo 
 iud. c. 3. 15. 12 ; Ludere cum vitulis salicto 
 
 Prsegestientis. Tolle cupidinem 
 Immitis uvse : jam tibi lividos 10 
 
 Distinguet Autumnus racemos 
 Purpureo varius colore. 
 
 Jam te sequetur : currit enim ferox 
 iEtas, et illi, quos tibi dempserit, 
 
 Apponet annos : jam proterva 15 
 
 Fronte petet Lalage maritum : 
 
 Dilecta, quantum non Pholoe fugax, 
 Non Chloris albo sic humero nitens, 
 Ut pura nocturno renidet 
 
 Luna mari_, Cnidiusve Gyges ; 20 
 
 iv. 21. teretes. v. 5. vireutes. 
 
CdRMINUM LIB. II. vi. 37 
 
 Quem si puellarum insereres choro, 
 Mire sagaces falleret hospites 
 Discrimen obscurum solutis 
 Crinibus ambiguoque voltu. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Septimt, Gadis aditure mecum et ,. e p . i. 11. 
 
 Cantabrum indoctum juga ferre nostra, et 
 Barbaras Syrtis, ubi Maura semper 
 
 ^Estuat unda : *■ c. 1. 22.^. 
 
 5 Tibur Argeo positum colono s . e. 1. 7. 45. 
 
 Sit mese sedes utinam senectae, 
 
 Sit modus lasso maris et viarum 7. e. 1. 11. 6. 
 
 Militiseque. 
 
 Unde si Parcae prohibent iniquae, 
 10 Dulce pellitis ovibus Galsesi 
 
 Flumen et regnata petam Laconi n. c. 3. 5. 56. 
 
 Rura Phalantho. 
 
 Ille terrarum mihi praeter omnes 
 
 Angulus ridet, ubi non Hymetto Hym. s. 2. 2. 15. 
 
 15 Mella decedunt, viridique certat mei. c. 3. 16. 33. 
 
 Baca Vehafro ; V en. s. 2. 4. 69. 
 
 Ver ubi longum tepidasque praebet t ep . e. 1. 10. 15. 
 
 Juppiter brumas^ et amicus Aulon Jup , e p . 16. 56. 
 
 Fertili Baccho minimum Falernis 
 20 Invidet uvis. 
 
 Ille te mecum locus et beatae 
 Postulant arces : ibi tu calentem 
 Debita sparges lacrima favillam 
 Vatis amici. 
 
 v. 24. vultu. vi. 1. Gades. 3, Syrtes. 12. Phalanto. 
 
38 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 VII. 
 
 O s^epe mecum tempus in ultimum 
 Deducte, Bruto militise duce, 
 Qui. e. i. 6. 7. Quis te redonavit Quiritem 
 
 Dis patriis Italoque ccelo, 
 
 Pompei meorum prime sodalium ? 5 
 
 6 . o. 1. 1. 20. Cum quo morantem ssepe diem mero 
 
 Fregi coronatus nitentes 
 spr. c. 2. ii. 16. Malobathro Syrio capillos. 
 
 9- c. 3. i. 26. Tecum Philippos et celerem fusram 
 
 E. 2. 2. 49. LL ° 
 
 Sensi, relicta non bene parmula; 10 
 
 Cum fracta virtus, et minaces 
 Turpe solum tetigere mento. 
 
 Sed me per hostis Mercurius celer 
 Denso paventem sustulit aere : 
 
 Te rursus in bellum resorbens 1 5 
 
 <est. c. l 22 s. XJnda fretis tulit sestuosis. 
 
 I. D. 4. 
 
 Y 36 2 Ergo obhgatam redde Jovi dapera, 
 
 18. c. 3. 4. 37. Longaque fessum militia latus 
 
 Depone sub lauru mea_, nec 
 
 Parce cadis tibi destinatis. 20 
 
 obi. c. 1. 18. 5. Obiivioso levia Massico 
 
 Mas. C 1. 1. 19, 
 
 Ciboria exple : funde capacibus 
 Unguenta de conchis. Quis udo 
 apl °' 4 ii 3 6 ' Deproperare apio coronas 
 
 arb' c'i'i S is Curatve myrto ? quem Venus arbitrum 25 
 
 Dicet bibendi ? Non ego sanius 
 Edo. c i. ls. 9; Bacchabor Edonis : recepto 
 
 27. 2. 
 
 /ur. c. 3. 19. i3. Dulce mihi furere est amico. 
 
 4. 12. 
 
 13. liostes. 28. ? furerest. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. II. ix. 89 
 
 VIII. 
 Ulla si juris tibi pejerati 
 Pcena, Earine, nocuisset umquam ; 
 Dente si nigro fieres vel uno 
 Turpior ungui, 
 
 5 Crederem. Sed tu, simul obligasti obi. c. 2. 7. 17. 
 
 Perfidum votis caput, enitescis 
 Pulchrior multo, juvenumque prodis 
 Publica cura. 
 
 Expedit matris cineres opertos 
 10 Fallere, et toto taciturna noctis IO Ep 15 Y _± 
 
 Signa cum ccelo, gelidaque divos 
 Morte carentis. 
 
 BAdet hoc, inquam, Venus ipsa, rident I3 . c. 3. 27. 67. 
 
 Simplices Nymphse, ferus et Cupido xym. c. 1. 4. 6. 
 
 15 Semper ardentis acuens sagittas 
 Cote cruenta. 
 
 Adde, quod pubes tibi crescit omnis, 17. c. 1. 25. 17. 
 
 Servitus crescit nova, nec priores 
 Impise tectum dominaB relinquunt 
 20 Sa?pe minati. 
 
 Te suis matres metuunt juvencis, j UV . c. 2. 5. 6. 
 
 Te senes parci miseraeque nuper P ar. e. 2. 1. 173. 
 
 Virgines nuptse, tua ne retardet 
 Aura maritos. 
 
 IX. 
 
 Non semper imbres nubibus hispidos 
 Manant in agros, aut mare Caspium 
 Vexant insequales procellae 
 Usque ; nec Armeniis in oris, 
 
 12. carentes. 15. ardentes. 
 
40 Q. HORATI FLJCCI 
 
 sta. c. i. o. i. Amice Valgi, stat glacies iners 5 
 
 Menses per omnes, aut Aquilonibus 
 ?aT'c!'il'. I' 202 ' Querceta Gargani laborant, 
 
 Et foliis viduantur orni. 
 Tu semper urges flebilibus modis 
 Ve». c. 3. 19. 20. Mysten ademptum, nec tibi Vespero 10 
 
 Surgente decedunt amores, 
 Nec rapidum fugiente Solem. 
 
 At non ter sevo functus amabilem 
 Ploravit omnes Antilochum senex 
 
 Annos ; nec impubem parentes 15 
 
 Troilon aut Phrygire sorores 
 
 Flevere semper. Desine mollium 
 Tandem querellarum, et potius nova 
 Cantemus Augusti tropsea 
 
 Csesaris, et rigidum Niphaten, 20 
 
 Medumque flumen, gentibus additum 
 Victis, minores volvere vertiees, 
 
 Gei. c. 2. 20. 19. Intraque prsescriptum Gelonos 
 
 equ. c. i. 2. 5i. Exiguis equitare campis. 
 
 X. 
 
 E x 18 87t Rectius vives, Licini, neque altum 
 
 Semper urgendo, neque, dum procellas 
 Cautus horrescisj nimium premendo 
 Litus iniquum. 
 
 Auream quisquis mediocritatem 
 Diligit, tutus caret obsoleti 
 Sordibus tecti, caret invidencja 
 Sobrius aula. 
 
 Ssepius ventis agitatur ingens 
 
 inv. C. 3. 1. 45. 
 
 ix. 7. querqueta, B. 9. urgues. x. 2. urgueudo. 9. saevius. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. II. xi. 41 
 
 10 Pinus, et celsse graviore casu 
 
 Decidunt turres, feriuntque summos 
 Fulgura montes. 
 
 Sperat infestis, metuit secundis - 3 c 4 9 36 
 
 Alteram sortem bene prseparatum 
 15 Pectus. Informis hiemes reducit 
 Juppiter, idem 
 
 Summovet. Non, si male nunc, et olim 
 Sic erit. Quondam cithara tacentem 
 Suscitat Musam, neque semper arcum 
 20 Tendit Apollo. 20 c s 33 * 
 
 Rebus angustis auimosus atque a: . c . 2. 3. 1. 
 
 Fortis appare ; sapienter idem 
 Contrahes vento nimium secundo 
 Turgida vela. 
 
 XI. 
 
 Quid bellicosus Cantaber, et Scythes, Can. c. 2. 6. 2. 
 
 * Scy. C. 3. 8. 23. 
 
 Hirpine Quinti, cogitet Hadria 
 Divisus objecto, remittas 
 
 Quserere : nec trepides in usum tre , c . 3 . 29. 32. 
 
 5 Poscentis sevi pauca. Fugit retro 
 
 Levis Juventas, et Decor ; arida aH c 4 13 9 
 
 Pellente lascivos Amores 
 
 Canitie facilemque Somnum. / ac c. 2. 16. 15. 
 
 3. 21. 4. 
 
 Non semper idem floribus est honor 
 10 Vernis ; neque uno Luna rubens nitet 
 
 Voltu : quid seternis minorem *t. c. 1. 4. 15 ; 
 
 ^ . 11. 7. 
 
 Consiliis animum fatigas ? 
 
 Cur non sub alta vel platano vel hac t3 c 2 . 3. 9. 
 
 Pinu jacentes sic temere, et rosa 
 
 x. 12. fnlmina. 15. informes. XI. 11. vultu. 
 
42 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 odo. c. 3. 20. 14. Canos odorati capillos, 1 5 
 
 £«\°6?ii?7JB. Dum licct, Assyriaque nnrdo 
 
 Potamus uncti ? Dissipat Euliius 
 eda. c. 1. 18. 4. Curas edacis. Quis puer ocius 
 
 Restinguet ardentis Falerni 
 
 Pocula prsetereunte lympha ? 20 
 
 Quis devium scortum eliciet domo 
 Lyden ? eburna, dic age, cum lyra 
 Maturet, in comptum Lacsense 
 nod. c. 3. 14. 22. More comas religata nodum. 
 
 XII. 
 
 fer. c. 4. 5. 27. Nolis longa ferae bella Numantise, 
 
 dir. c. 3. 6. 34. ^ec dirum Hannibalem, nec Siculum mare 
 
 4. 4. 42. ' 
 
 Pceno purpureum sanguine, mollibus 
 4- c. i. 6. io. Aptari citharse modis, 
 
 s , c. 1. 18. 8. Nec ssevos Lapithas,, et nimium mero 5 
 
 Hylseum, domitosque Herculea manu 
 tei. c. 3.4.49,73. Telluris juvenes, unde periculum 
 
 Fulgens contremuit domus 
 
 ped. a. p. 95. Saturni veteris : tuque pedestribus 
 
 io. c. 4. 2. 33. Dices historiis proelia Csesaris, 10 
 
 Meecenas, melius ductaque per vias 
 12. c. 4. 3. 8. Regum colla minacium. 
 
 Me dulcis dominae Musa Licymnias 
 Cantus, me voluit dicere lucidum 
 mut. c.3.9. 13. Fulgentis oculos et bene mutuis 15 
 
 Fidum pectus amoribus : 
 
 Quam nec ferrepedem dedecuit choris, 
 Nec certare joco, nec dare bracchia 
 
 xt. 17. Euius. 18. edaces. 24. comam. xn. 2/durum. 
 
 12. minantium. 13. dulces ; Liciniae, K. Hl. A. B. 15. fulgentes. 
 
Ara. C. 1. 29. 1. 
 
 CARMINUM LIB. II. xiii. 43 
 
 Ludentem nitidis virginibus, sacro 
 20 Dianae celebris die. 
 
 Num tu, quae tenuit dives Achaemenes, Ach. c. 3.fi.4i 
 
 Aut pinguis Phrygiae Mygdonias opes 
 Permutare velis crine Licymnise, 
 
 Plenas aut Arabum domos ? 
 
 25 Dum flagrantia detorquet ad oscula 
 Cervicem, aut facili ssevitia negat, 
 Quse poscente magis gaudeat eripi, 
 Interdum rapere occupet. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 Ille et nefasto te posuit die, 
 
 Quicumque primum, et sacrilega manu sac . b. 1.3. 17. 
 
 Produxit, arbos, in nepotum 
 Perniciem opprobriumque pagi. 
 
 5 Illum et parentis crediderim sui s . e p . 3. 1. 
 
 Fregisse cervicein, et penetralia 
 Sparsisse nocturno cruore 
 
 Hospitis j ille venena Colcha, 
 
 Et quidquid usquam concipitur nefas, 
 10 Tractavit, agro qui statuit meo 
 
 Te triste lignum, te caducum „ c 2 . 17. 27. 
 
 In domini caput immerentis. ' i. s. ; 
 
 Quid quisque vitet, numquam bomini satis 
 Cautum est in boras. Navita Bosporum 
 15 Pcenus perhorrescit, neque ultra 
 
 Ceeca timet aliunde fata : 
 
 Miles sagittas et celerem fugam 
 Parthi, catenas Parthus et Italum 
 Robur ; sed improvisa leti 
 20 Vis rapuit rapietque gentis. 
 
 xii. 25. cum. 28. occupat. xiii. 14. ? cautumst, 20. gentes. 
 
 17. C 1 19. 11. 
 
44 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 Quam paene furvre regna Proserpinae, 
 
 22. c. 4. 7. 2i. Et judicantcm vidimus iEacum, 
 
 Sedesque discrctas piorum, et 
 ./■:<>. c 3. 30. 13. ./Eoliis fidibus querentem 
 
 Sappho puellis de popularibus ; 25 
 
 Et te sonantem plenius aureo, 
 27. c. 1. 32. 6. Alcsee, plectro dura navis, 
 
 Dura fugae mala, dura belli ! 
 
 Utrumque sacro digna silentio 
 Mirantur Umbrse dicere ; sed magis 30 
 
 Pugnas et exactos tyrannos 
 
 Densum umeris bibit aure volgus. 
 
 Quid mirum ? ubi illis carminibus stupens 
 34. c. 3. u. 17. Demittit atras belua centiceps 
 
 Aures, et intorti capillis 35 
 
 Eumenidum recreantur angues ; 
 
 Pro. c. 1. 3. 27. Quin et Prometheus et Pelopis parens 
 
 Ep. 17. 67. . . . . 
 
 Pei. c. 1. 28. 7. Dulci laborum decipitur sono : 
 
 Ep. 17. 65. r ' 
 
 Ori c 3 4 71 ^ ec cura ^ Orion leones 
 
 iyn. c. 4. 6. 34. Aiit timidos agitare lyncas. 40 
 
 XIV. 
 
 Eheu fugaces, Postume, Postume, 
 2. c. 4. 7. 24. Labuntur anni_, nec Pietas moram 
 
 Rugis et instanti Senectse 
 Afferet indomitseque Morti. 
 
 Non, si trecenis quotquot eunt dies, 
 Amice, places illacrimabilem 
 Plutona tauris : qui ter amplum 
 Tit. c. 3. 4. 77 ; Geryonen Tityonque tristi 
 
 11. 21. J j ~x 
 
 xtti. 23. discriptas, K. B. 32. humeris : vulgufl. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. II. xv. 
 
 45 
 
 Compescit unda ; scilicet omnibus, 
 Quicumque terrse munere vescimur, 
 Enaviganda_, sive reges 
 Sive inopes erimus coloni. 
 
 Frustra cruento Marte carebimus 
 Fractisque rauci nuctibus Hadrise ; 
 Frustra per autumnos nocentem 
 Corpcribus metuemus Austrum : 
 
 Visendus ater fmmine languido 
 Cocytos errans, et Danai genus 
 Infame,, damnatusque longi 
 Sisyphus iEolides laboris. 
 
 Linquenda tellus, et domus, et placens 
 Uxor ; neque harum, quas colis, arborum 
 Te, praeter invisas cupressos, 
 
 Ulla brevem dominum sequetur. 
 
 Absumet heres Csecuba dignior 
 Servata centum clavibus, et mero 
 Tinget pavimentum superbo 
 Pontificum potiore cenis. 
 
 com. 
 
 C 2. 20. 8. 
 
 10. E 
 
 . 1. 2. 27. 
 
 n. c 
 
 . 1. 4. 13. 
 2. 3. 21. 
 
 fra. 
 Had. 
 
 0. 1. 11. 15. 
 C 1.33.15. 
 3.3.5; 
 9.23. 
 
 Dan. C 3.11.23. 
 
 20. Ep. 17. 
 
 23. Ep. 5. 18. 
 inv. C 1. 34. 10. 
 
 25. S. 2. 3. 122. 
 Ccec. C 1. 20. 9. 
 
 10 
 
 XV. 
 
 Jam pauca aratro jugera regise 
 Moles relinquent : undique latius 
 Extenta visentur Lucrino 
 
 Stagna lacu : platanusque ccelebs 
 
 Evincet ulmos : tum violaria et 
 Myrtus et omnis copia narium, 
 Spargent olivetis odorem 
 Fertiiibus domino priori ; 
 
 Tum spissa ramis laurea fervidos 
 Excludet ictus. Non ita Romuli 
 
 27. superbum. Cp. E. 1. 10. 19. xr. 10. Eestus. 
 
 mol. C 3. 29. 10. 
 
i. C. 1. 1. 16. 
 
 40 Q. HORJTl FLACCI 
 
 cat. c. 3. 2i. ii. Prrcscriptum et intonsi Catonis 
 
 Taus.a' Auspiciis, veterumque norma. 
 
 Privatus illis census erat brevis, 
 Commune magnum : nulla decempedis 
 met s ■>. 2. ni. Metata privatis opacam 15 
 
 Porticus excipiebat Arcton ; 
 
 Nec fortuitum spernere csespitem 
 Leges sinebant, oppida publico 
 Sumptu jubentes et deorum 
 c 2 15 20 Templa novo decorare saxo. 20 
 
 XVI. 
 
 Otium divos rogat in patenti 
 Prensus iEgseo, simul atra nubes 
 Condidit Lunam, neque certa fulgent 
 Sidera nautis ; 
 
 Otium bello furiosa Thrace, 5 
 
 Otium Medi pharetra decori, 
 Grosphe, non gemmis neque purpura ve- 
 nale neque auro. 
 
 Non enim gazse neque consularis 
 Summovet lictor miseros tumultus 10 
 
 iaq. c. 2. 18. 2. Mentis, et Curas laqueata circum 
 
 Tecta volantis. 
 
 Vivitur parvo bene, cui paternum 
 Splendet in mensa tenui salinum : 
 iev. c. 2. 11. 8. Nec leves somnos timor aut cupido 15 
 
 Sordidus aufert. 
 
 Quid brevi fortes jaculamur sevo 
 Multa ? quid terras alio calentes 
 Soie mutamus ? Patriae quis exsul 
 
 Se quoque fugit ? 20 
 
 xxi. 12. volantes. 
 
 C. 4. 13. 13. 
 
 17. C. 1. 4. 15. 
 
 20. E. 1. 11. 13. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. II. xvii. 47 
 
 Scandit aeratas vitiosa navis u. c. 3. 1. 33. 
 
 Cura, nec turmas equitum relinquit, 
 Ocior cervis, et agente nimbos 
 
 Ocior Euro. 
 25 Lsetus in prsesens animus quod ultra est 35. c. 1. 9. 13. 
 
 Oderit curare, et amara lento 
 Temperet risu ; nihil est ab omni 
 
 Parte beatum. 
 
 Abstulit clarum cita mors Achillem, 
 30 Longa Tithonum minuit senectus, 30. c. 1. 28. 8. 
 
 Et mihi forsan, tibi quod negarit, 
 Porriget Hora. 
 
 Te greges centum Siculseque circum 33. c. 2.13.1-9. 
 
 Mugiunt vaccse, tibi tollit hinnitum 
 35 Apta quadrigis equa, te bis Afro 
 
 Murice tinctee * 6 - | p 2 12 2 ; }*• 
 
 Vestimit lanse : mihi parva rura, et 
 
 Spiritum Graiae tenuem Camense 3 s. c. 4. 6. 29. 
 
 Parca non mendax dedit, et malignum 
 
 40 Spernere volgus. 40. c. 2. 20. 4. 
 
 r ° 3. 1. 1. 
 
 XVII. 
 
 Cur me querellis exanimas tuis ? 
 Nec dis amicum est nec mihi te prius 
 Obire, Msecenas, mearum 
 
 Grande decus columenque rerum. 4 c L L 2 . 
 
 5 Ah ! te mese si partem animse rapit s . c. 1. 3. 8. 
 
 M aturior vis, quid moror altera ? 
 Nec carus seque, nec superstes 
 Integer. Ille dies utramque 
 
 21. naves. 25. ? ultrast. 40. vulgus. 1. quei^elis. 
 
 2. ? amicumst. 
 
 F 2 
 
48 Q. HORATI FLJCCl 
 
 Ducet ruinam. Non ego perfidum 
 Dixi sacramentum : ibimus, ibiinus, 10 
 
 Utcumque prsecedes, supremum 
 Carpere iter comites parati. 
 
 13 °' i ifief' ^ e nec Chimserse spiritus igneae, 
 
 v.ija. c. 3. 4. G9. Nec, si resurgat, centimanus Gyas 
 
 Divellet umquam : sic potenti 15 
 
 Par. c. 2. 3. 16. Justitise placitumque Parcis. 
 
 ads. c. 4. 3. 2. Seu Libra, seu me Scorpios adspicit 
 
 Formidolosus, pars violentior 
 Natalis horse, seu tyrannus 
 
 Hesperise Capricornus undae, 20 
 
 Utrumque nostrum incredibili modo 
 Consentit astrum. Te Jovis impio 
 Tutela Saturno refulgens 
 Eripuit, volucrisque Fati 
 
 Tardavit alas, cum populus frequens 25 
 
 Lsetum tbeatris ter crepuit sonum : 
 Me truncus illapsus cerebro 
 Sustulerat, nisi Faunus ictum 
 
 Dextra levasset, Mercurialium 
 Custos virorum. Reddere victimas 30 
 
 iEdemque votivam memento : 
 
 32. c. 4. 2. 53, 54. Nos bumilem feriemus agnam. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 Non ebur neque aureum 
 
 Mea renidet in domo lacunar ; 
 
 Non trabes Hymettise 
 
 Premunt columnas ultima recisas 
 Att. c. 1. 1. 12. Africa : neque Attali 
 
 Ignotus heres regiam occupavi : 
 
 14. gigas ; Gyges. 
 
 27. C. 2. 13. 11 
 3. 4. 27 ; 
 8. 8. 
 
 red. C. 2. 7. 17. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. II. xviii. 49 
 
 Nec Laconicas mihi 
 
 Trahunt honestae purpuras clientae. 
 At fides et ingeni 
 10 Benigna vena est, pauperemqne dives ITs^i.nk' 
 
 Me petit ; nihil supra 
 
 Deos lacesso, nec potentem amicum 
 Largiora nagito, 
 
 Satis beatus unicis Sabinis. i 4 . e p . i. 31. 
 
 15 Truditur dies die, i S . c. 4, 1. 6. 
 
 Novaeque pergunt interire Lunae : 
 Tu secanda marmora 
 
 Locas sub ipsum funus ; et sepulcri 
 Immemor struis domos, 
 20 Marisque Bais obstrepentis urges 20. e. 1. 1. 83. ■ 
 
 Summovere litora, 
 
 Parum locuples continente ripa. 
 Quid, quod usque proximos 
 Revellis agri terminos, et ultra 
 25 Limites clientium 
 
 Salis avams ? pellitur paternos 
 In sinu ferens deos 
 
 Et uxor, et vir, sordidosque natos. 
 Nulla certior tamen 
 30 Rapacis Orci fine destinata 
 
 Aula divitem manet 
 
 Erum. Quid ultra tendis ? iEqua tellus 32. c. 1. i. 13. 
 Pauperi reciuditur 
 
 Regumque pueris, nec satelles Orci 
 35 Callidum Prometbea 35 c 2 13 37 
 
 Revexit auro captus. Hic superbum a ur. e. 2. 2. 179. 
 
 Tantalum, atque Tantali 37 . c. 1. 28. 7. 
 
 Genus coercet ; hic levare faoctum cog _ c . 2. 14. 9. 
 
 Pauperem laboribus 
 40 Yocatus atque non vocatus audit. 
 
 10. ? venast. 20. Baiis. 32. Herum. 
 
50 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 XIX. 
 
 Bacchum in remotis carmina rupibus 
 Vidi docentem, (credite posteri !) 
 3 " f 1 i9 3 4 Nymphasque discentes, et aures 
 
 Capripedum Satyrorum acutas. 
 
 cuh. c. 2. ii. 17. Euhoe ! recenti mens trepidat metu, 5 
 
 Plenoque Bacchi pectore turbidum 
 Lsetatur ! Euhoe ! parce, Liber ! 
 Parce, gravi metuende thyrso ! 
 
 Fas pervicaces est mihi Thyiadas, 
 Yinique fontein, lactis et uberes 10 
 
 Cantare rivos, atque truncis 
 i2. e p . 16. 47. Lapsa cavis iterare mella. 
 
 Fas et beatse conjugis additum 
 Stellis honorem, tectaque Penthei" 
 ien. s. 2. 7. 93. Disjecta non leni ruina, 15 
 
 Thracis et exitium Lycurgi. 
 
 Tu flectis amnes, tu mare barbarum : > 
 uvi c. 4. 5. 39. Tu separatis uvidus in jugis 
 
 Sl 2 - 6 - 70, Nodo coerces viperino 
 
 Bistonidum sine fraude crines. 20 
 
 P ar. c. i. 12. 13. Tu, quum parentis regna per arduum 
 
 32. c. 3. 4. 49. Cohors Gigantum scanderet impia, 
 
 Rhcetum retorsisti leonis 
 
 Unguibus horribilique mala : 
 
 Quamquam, choreis aptior et jocis 25 
 
 Ludoque dictus, non sat idoneus 
 Pugnse ferebaris ; sed idem 
 Pacis eras mediusque belli. 
 
 Te vidit insons Cerberus aureo 
 
 Cornu decorum,, leniter atterens 30 
 
CARMINUM LIB. II. xx. 51 
 
 Caudam, et recedentis trilingui tn. c. 3. 11. 20. 
 
 Ore pedes tetigitque crura. 
 
 XX. 
 
 Non usitata nec tenui ferar 
 Penna biformis per liquidum sethera 
 Vates : neque in terris morabor 
 Longius : invidiaque major 
 
 5 Urbes relinquam. Non ego pauperum s- c - 3. 30. 6. 
 Sanguis parentuni, non ego, quem vocas, 
 
 Dilecte Msecenas, obibo, m. c. 1. 20. 5. 
 
 Nec Stygia cohibebor unda. 8 - c - 2 - H J 
 
 Jam jam residunt cruribus asperse 
 10 Pelles ; et album mutor in alitem 
 Superne : nascunturque leves 
 Per digitos humerosque plumae. 
 
 Jam Daedaleo ocior Icaro 13. c. 4. 2. 2. 
 
 Visam gementis litora Bospori, 14- c. 3. 4. 30. 
 
 15 Syrtesque Gsetulas canorus C an. c. 4. 3. 20. 
 
 Ales Hyperboreosque campos. 
 
 Me Colchus, et qui dissimulat metum 
 Marsse cohortis Dacus, et ultimi 
 Noscent Geloni ; me peritus 
 20 Discet Hiber, Rhodanique potor. 
 
 Absint inani funere neniae, 
 Luctusque turpes et querimonise : 
 Compesce clamorem, ac sepulcri 
 Mitte supervacuos honores. 
 
 11. superna. 13. notior, B. (Cp. C. 3. 14. 11.) 
 
 Dac 
 Gel. 
 
 . C 
 
 c. 
 
 . 1. 35. 9. 
 3. 8. 18. 
 
 2. 9. 23. 
 
 3. 4. 35. 
 
 pot. 
 
 c. 
 
 4. 15. 21. 
 
52 
 
 Q. HOBATI FLACCI CARMINA 
 
 n.pri. C. 3. 25. 8 
 4. 9. 3. 
 
 E, 1. 1. 57. 
 
 LIBEE TEBTIUS. 
 
 i. c. 2. 16. 40. Odi profanum volgus et arceo ; 
 
 Favete linguis : carmina non prius 
 Audita Musarum sacerdos 
 Virginibus puerisque canto. 
 
 Regum timendorum in proprios greges, 5 
 
 Reges in ipsos imperium est Jovis, 
 Clari Giganteo triumpho, 
 Cuncta supercilio moventis. 
 
 Est ut viro vir latius ordinet 
 Arbusta sulcis, hic generosior 10 
 
 Descendat in Campum petitor, 
 Moribus hic meliorque fama 
 
 Contendat, illi turba clientium 
 Nec. c. i. 3. 32^ ; g^ ma j or : asqua lege Necessitas 
 
 i$. c. 2.i8"32 6 " Sortitur insignes et imos ; 15 
 
 Omne capax movet urna nomeri. 
 
 Destrictus ensis cui super impia 
 Cervice pendet, non Siculse dapes 
 
 6. ? imperiumst. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. i. 
 
 53 
 
 Dulcem elaborabunt saporem, 
 20 Non avinm citharseque cantns 
 
 Somnum reducent. Somnus agrestium 
 Lenis virorum non humiles domos 
 Eastidit, umbrosamque ripain, 
 Non Zephyris agitata Tempe. 
 
 25 Desiderantem quod satis est neque 
 Tumultuosum sollicitat mare_, 
 Nec ssevus Arcturi cadentis 
 Impetus, aut orientis Hsedi : 
 
 Non verberatse grandine vinese, 
 30 Fundusque mendax, arbore nunc aquas 
 Culpante, nunc torrentia agros 
 Sidera, nunc hiemes iniquas. 
 
 Contracta pisces sequora sentiunt 
 Jactis in altum molibus : huc frequens 
 35 Csementa demittit redemptor 
 
 Cum famulis, dominusque terrse 
 
 Fastidiosus : sed Timor et Minse 
 Scandunt eodem, quo dominus ; neque 
 Decedit serata triremi, et 
 40 Post equitem sedet atra Cura. 
 
 Quod si dolentem nec Phrygius lapis, 
 Nec purpurarum sidere clarior 
 Delenit usus, nec Falerna 
 
 Vitis, Achsemeniumque costum ; 
 
 45 Cur invidendis postibus et novo 
 Sublime ritu moliar atrium ? 
 Cur valle permutem Sabina 
 Divitias operosiores ? 
 
 25. E. 1. 2. 46. 
 
 26. Ep. 2. 6. 
 
 C. 3. 29. 57. 
 
 29. E. 1. 8. 5. 
 men. Ep. 16. 45. 
 
 ctem. C 3. 24. 3. 
 red. E. 2. 2. 72. 
 
 39. C 2. 16. 21. 
 
 pur. C 2. 16. 7. 
 
 Ac/t. Ep. 13. 8. 
 C 2. 11.16. 
 
 48. S. 2. 6. 79. 
 
54 Q. UORATl ILACCl 
 
 i. C. -l. 9. 10. 
 
 II. 
 
 Angustam amice paupcriem pati 
 
 Robustus acri militia puer 
 Condiscat, et Parthos ferocis 
 4 c. i. li. 23. Vexet eques metuendus hasta, 
 
 div. c. 1. 1. 25. Vitamque sub divo et trepidis agat 5 
 
 In rebus. Illuni ex mcenibus hosticis 
 i. c i. 35. ii. Matrona bellantis tyranni 
 
 Prospiciens et adulta virgo 
 
 Suspiret, eheu ! ne rudis agminum 
 Sponsus lacessat regius asperum 10 
 
 Tactu leonem, quem cruenta 
 Per medias rapit ira csedes. 
 
 Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori : 
 Mors et fugacem persequitur virum, 
 
 Nec parcit imbellis juventae 15 
 
 Poplitibus timidoque tergo. 
 
 ri> C E 4 'i 9 "i 39 i3. Virtus, repulsse nescia sordidae, 
 
 Intaminatis fulget honoribus ; 
 Nec sumit aut ponit secures 
 
 Arbitrio popularis aurse. 20 
 
 Virtus, recludens immeritis mori 
 tem. e. 1. 17. 34. Caelum, negata temptat iter via : 
 
 Ccetusque volgares et udam 
 
 Spernit humum fugiente penna. 
 
 Est et fldeli tuta silentio 25 
 
 Merces : vetabo, qui Cereris sacrum 
 Volgarft arcanse, sub isdem 
 
 Sit trabibus, fragilemve mecum 
 
 Die. c. 1. 34. s. Solvat phaselon. Ssepe Diespiter 
 
 Neglectus incesto addidit integrum ; 30 
 
 3. feroces. 13, ? decorumst. 23 : 27. vulgares ; vulgar.it. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. iii. 55 
 
 Raro antecedentem scelestum 
 • Deseruit pede Poena elaudo. 
 
 2. C. 4. 15. 17. 
 
 III. 
 
 Justum et tenacem propositi virum 
 Non civium ardor prava jubentium, 
 
 Non voltus instantis tyranni 3 E- 1# 16 73> 
 
 Mente quatit solida, neque Auster, 
 
 5 Dux inquieti turbidus Hadriae, . $■ c - *■ ^- 15 - 
 
 Nec fulminantis magna manus Jovis : 6. c. i. 16. 12. 
 
 Si fractus illabatur orbis, 
 Impavidum ferient ruinse. 
 Hac arte Pollux et vagus Hercules 9- e. 2. 1. 5. 
 
 ° C. 4. 5. 35 ; 
 
 10 Enisus arces attigit igneas : 8 - 29 - 
 
 Quos inter Augustus recumbens 
 Purpureo bibit ore nectar. 
 
 Hac te merentem, Baccne pater, tuae 
 Vexere tigres, indocili jugum 
 15 Collo trahentes. Hac Quirinus 
 
 Martis equis Acberonta fugit, 
 
 Gratum elocuta consiliantibus I? c. 3. 25. 6. 
 
 J unone divis : — i( Ilion, Ilion 
 Eatalis incestusque judex 
 20 Et mulier peregrina vertit 
 
 " In pulverem ; ex quo destituit deos 
 Mercede pacta Laomedon, mihi 
 Castseque damnatum Minervse 
 Cum populo et duce fraudulento. 
 
 25 " Jam nec Lacaenae splendet adulterse 2 $- c -}-i 5 ;|" 
 
 Eamosus hospes, nec Priami domus fam - c - 3 - 15, 3 - 
 
 3. vultus. 12. bibet. 
 
32. C. 1.2. 17. 
 4. 8. 22. 
 
 red. C. 
 
 2. 7. 3. 
 
 duc. C. 
 
 1. 17. 22. 
 4. 12. 14. 
 
 56 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Perjura pugnaces Aehivos 
 a8. c. 4. 9. 22. Hectoreis opibus refringit : 
 
 " Nostrisque ductum seditionibus 
 Bcllum resedit. Protinus et graves 30 
 
 Iras, et invisum nepotem, 
 Troica quem peperit sacerdos, 
 
 " Marti redonabo. Illum ego lucidas 
 Inire sedes, ducere nectaris 
 
 Sucos, et adscribi quietis 35 
 
 Ordinibus patiar deorum. 
 
 " Dum longus inter sseviat Ilion 
 Romamque pontus, qualibet exsules 
 In parte regnanto beati : 
 
 Dum Priami Paridisque busto 40 
 
 " Insultet armentum, et catulos ferae 
 Cap. c. i. 37. 6. Celent inultae, stet Capitolium 
 
 Fulgens, triumphatisque possit 
 
 44 . c. i. 12. 53. Roma ferox dare iura Medis. 
 
 E. 2. 1. 256. J 
 
 45. c. 4. 15. 15. " Horrenda late nomen in ultimas 45 
 
 Extendat oras_, qua medius liquor 
 Secernit Europen ab Afro, 
 
 Qua tumidus rigat arva Nilus : 
 
 " Aurum irrepertum, et sic melius situm 
 Cum terra celat, spernere fortior 50 
 
 Quam cogere humanos in usus, 
 Omne sacrum rapiente dextra. 
 
 " Quicunque mundo terminus obstitit, 
 Hunc tanget armis, visere gestiens, 
 «. c. i. 22. 17. Qua parte debacchentur ignes. 55 
 
 3.24.37. r 
 
 Qua nebulse pluviique rores. 
 
 " Sed bellicosis fata Quiritibus 
 Hac lege dico ; ne nimium pii 
 
 34-. discere. oi. tangat. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. iv. 57 
 
 Rebusque fidentes avitse 
 60 Tecta velint reparare Trojse. 
 
 " Trojae renascens alite lugnbri an. c. 4. 6. 24. 
 
 Fortuna tristi clade iterabitur, 
 Ducente victrices catervas 
 Conjuge me Jovis et sorore. 
 
 65 " Ter si resurgat murus aeneus 
 
 Auctore Phcebo, ter pereat meis 
 Excisus Argivis ; ter uxor 
 
 Capta virum puerosque ploret." — 
 Non hoc jocosse conveniet lyrse : 69. c. 2. 1 37 •, 
 
 70 Quo Musa tendis ? Desine pervicax 
 Referre sermones deorum et 
 Magna modis tenuare parvis. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Descexde cselo, et dic age tibia 
 Regina longum Calliope melos, 
 Seu voce nunc mavis acuta, 
 Seu fidibus citharaque Phoebi. 
 
 5 Auditis ? an me ludit amabilis 
 
 Insania ? Audire et videor pios -. c. 3. 25. 3. 
 
 Errare per lucos, amceme Ins E 2 . 1. ns. 
 
 Quos et aquae snbeunt et aurse. 7. c. 3. 25. 2. 
 
 e. 2. 2. 77. 
 Me fabulosse, Volture in Apulo 
 
 10 Altricis extra limen Apulise,* 
 
 Ludo fatigatumque somno 
 
 Fronde nova puerum paiumbes 
 
 Texere, mirum quod foret omnibus, 
 Quicumque celsse nidum Acherontiae, 
 15 Saltusque Bantinos/et arvum 
 
 Pingue tenent humilis Forenti ; 
 
 69. hfec.conveniunt. 9, Vulture. * ? limina villulse. Vid. Prtef. p. vi. 
 16. Ferenti. 
 
58 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Ut tuto ab atris corpore viperis 
 Dormirem et ursis j ut premerer sacra 
 Lauroque collataque myrto, 
 Non sine dis animosus infans. 20 
 
 ard. s. 2. 6. 16. Vester, Camense, vester in arduos 
 
 Tollor Sabinos ; seu milii frigidum 
 tET cVeV' Prseneste, seu Tibur supinum, 
 
 Bai. e. 1. 1. 83. Seu liquidse placuere Baiae. 
 
 aou. c. i. 26. i. Vestris amicum fontibus et choris, 25 
 
 Non me Philippis versa acies retro, 
 Devota non exstinxit arbor, 
 Nec Sicula Palinurus unda. 
 
 Utcumque mecum vos eritis, libens 
 B0S.C.2.1S.U; Insanientem navita Bosporum 30 
 
 20. 14. r 
 
 Temptabo, et urentes harenas 
 Litoris Assyrii viator. 
 
 Bri. c. i. 35. 3o. Visani Britannos hospitibus feros. 
 
 4. 14. 48. . 
 
 Et lsetum equmo sangume Concanum ; 
 Gei.c. 2. 9.23. Visam pharetratos Gelonos 35 
 
 Sa/. c. 4. 15. 21. Et Scythicum inviolatus amnem. 
 
 Vos Caesarem altum, militia simul 
 fes. c. 2. 7. 18. Fessas cohortes addidit oppidis, 
 
 Finire quserentem labores, 
 ant. c. 2. i. 39. Pierio recreatis antro : 40 
 
 3. 25. 4. 
 
 Vos lene consilium et datis, et dato 
 
 Gaudetis almse. Scimus, ut impios 
 
 Titanas immanemque turmam 
 
 Eulmine sustulerit caduco, 
 
 ine. c. i. 34. 9. Qui terram inertem, qui mare temperat 45 
 
 Ventosum ; et urbes regnaque tristia, 
 Divosque, mortalesque turbas 
 Imperio regit unus aequo. 
 
 4 S. C 3. 1. 6. 
 
 1. 12. 16. 
 cequ. C. 1. 12.57 
 
 ;7. arbos, O. 31. arcntes arenas ; urentis, K. 
 
CJRMINUM LIB. III. iv. 59 
 
 Magnum illa terrorem intulerat Jovi 49. c. 2. 12. 7. 
 
 50 Fidens juventus horrida bracchiis, 
 Fratresque tendentes opaco 
 Pelion imposuisse Olympo. 
 
 Sed quid Typhoeus et validus Mimas, 
 Aut quid minaci Porphyrion statu, 
 55 Quid Rhcetus, evolsisque truncis 
 
 Enceladus jaculator audax, 
 
 Contra sonantem Palladis aegida <egi c. 1. 15. 11. 
 
 Possent ruentes ? Hinc avidus stetit 
 Volcanus, hinc matrona Juno, et 
 60 Numquam humeris positurus arcum, 
 
 Qui rore puro Castalise lavit 
 
 Crines solutos, qui Lyciae tenet 62. c. 4. e. 26. 
 
 Dumeta, natalemque silvam, nat. c. 1. 21. 10. 
 
 Delius et Patareus Apollo. 
 
 65 Vis consili expers mole ruit sua : 
 
 Vim temperatam di quoque provehunt 
 In majus ; idem odere vires 
 Omne nefas animo moventes. 
 
 Testis mearum centimanus Gyas Gya. c. 2. 17. 14. 
 
 70 Sententiarum, notus et integrse >nt. c. 1. 7. 5. 
 
 Temptator Orion Dianse 0» t c. 2. 13. 39. 
 Virginea domitus sagitta. 
 
 Injecta monstris Terra dolet suis, 
 Mseretque partus fulmine luridum 
 75 Missos ad Orcum : nec peredit 
 
 Impositam celer ignis iEtnen ; 
 Incontinentis nec Titvi iecur inc. c. 1. 17. T6. 
 
 J J Tit. C. 2. 14. 8. 
 
 Reliquit ales, nequitiae additus 4 - 6 - 2 - 
 
 Custos : amatorem trecentae 
 80 Pirithoum cohibent catense. § . c. 4. 7. 28. 
 
 55. evulsis. 59. "vulcaims. 69. gigas ; Gvges. 78. relmquit. 
 
60 Q. BORATl FLACCl 
 
 V. 
 
 Cjelo tonantem credidimus Jovem 
 pr<e ' c'. 1' ii. 1 ! ;. Regnare : prsesens divus habebitur 
 
 Augustus, adjectis Britannis 
 4 . c. 1. 2. 22. Imperio gravibusque Persis. 
 
 Milesne Crassi conjuge barbara 5 
 
 Turpis maritus vixit ? et hostium — 
 Pro Curia, inversique mores ! — 
 Consenuit socerorum in armis, 
 
 Apu. c. 1. 22. 13. Sub rege Medo, Marsus et Apulus, 
 
 Anciliorum et nominis et togse 10 
 
 Oblitus, seternaeque Vestse, 
 jov. c. 4. 15. 6. Incolumi Jove et urbe Roma ? 
 
 Hoe caverat mens provida Reguli, 
 Dissentientis condicionibus 
 
 Fcedis, et exemplo trahentis 15 
 
 Perniciem veniens in sevum, 
 
 Si non periret immiserabilis 
 Captiva pubes. " Signa ego Punicis 
 Affixa delubris, et arma 
 20. c. 4. 14. 32. Militibus sine csede/' dixit, 20 
 
 " Derepta vidi : vidi ego civium 
 22. e. 2. 1. 191. Retorta tergo bracchia libero,, 
 
 Portasque non clausas, et arva 
 Marte coli populata nostro. 
 
 " Auro repensus scilicet acrior 25 
 
 Miles redibit ! Flagitio additis 
 
 Damnum. Neque amissos colores 
 28. e. 1. 10. 27. Lana refert medicata fuco, 
 
 " Nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, 
 Curat reponi deterioribus. 30 
 
 8. arvis. 15. trahenti, K. 21. direpta. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. vi. 61 
 
 Si pugnat extricata densis 
 Cerva plagis, erit ille fortis, 
 
 " Qui perfidis se credidit hostibus ; 
 Et Marte Pcenos proteret altero, 
 35 Qui lora restrictis lacertis 
 
 x Sensit iners, timuitque mortem. 
 
 " Hic, unde vitam sumeret inscius 
 Pacem duello miscuit. O pudor ! dm - a \ \f \ 8 - 
 
 O magna Carthago,, probrosis 
 40 Altior Italise ruinis !"— 
 
 Fertur pudicse conjugis osculum, pud . e p . 2. 39. 
 
 Parvosque natos, ut capitis minor, 
 Ab se removisse, et virilem 
 Torvus humi posuisse voltum ; 
 
 45 Donec labantis consilio Patres 
 
 Eirmaret auctor numquam alias dato, 
 Interque maerentis amicos 
 Egregius properaret exsul. 
 
 Atqui sciebat, quse sibi barbarus 
 50 Tortor pararet ; non aliter tamen 
 Dimovit obstantes propinquos, 
 Et populum reditus morantem, 
 
 Quam si clientum longa negotia 
 Dijudicata lite relinqueret 
 55 Tendens Venafranos in agros, 
 
 Aut Lacedaemonium Tarentum. 
 
 56. C. 2. 6. 11. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Delicta majorum immeritus lues_, 
 Romane, donec templa refeceris, 
 iEdisque labentes deorum, et 
 Fceda nigro simulacra fumo. 
 
 37. aptius. 45. labantes. 47. maerentes. 3. gedes. 
 
 imm. C. 1. 28. 30. 
 
 2. S. 2. 2. 104. 
 C 2. 15. 20. 
 
G2 Q. EORATl FLACCl 
 
 min. c. 1. 12.67. Dis te minorem quod geris, imperas : 5 
 
 Hinc omne principium, huc refcr exitum. 
 Di multa neglecti dederunt 
 8. c. 2. i. 32. Hesperiae mala luctuosae. 
 
 Jam bis Monseses et Pacori manus 
 con. c. 4. 3. s. Non auspicatos contudit impetus 10 
 
 Nostros, et adjecisse praedam 
 Torquibus exiguis renidet. 
 
 Psene occupatam seditionibus 
 i 4 . c. i. 35. 9. Delevit Urbem Dacus et iEthiops ; 
 
 Hic classe formidatus, ille 15 
 
 Missilibus melior sagittis. 
 
 Fecunda culpae ssecula nuptias 
 Primum inquinavere, et genus ; et domos : 
 Hoc fonte derivata clades 
 
 In patriam populumque fluxit. 20 
 
 Motus doceri gaudet Ionicos 
 Matura virgo, et fingitur artibus : 
 Jam nunc et incestos amores 
 De tenero meditatur ungui. 
 
 ,un. c. i. 33. 3. Mox juniores quserit adulteros 25 
 
 Inter mariti vina ; neque eligit, 
 Cui donet impermissa raptim 
 Gaudia, luminibus remotis ; 
 
 Sed jussa coram non sine conscio 
 Surgit marito, seu vocat institor, 30 
 
 Seu navis Hispanse magister, 
 Dedecorum pretiosus emptor. 
 
 Non his juventus orta parentibus 
 34 . c. 2. 12. 3. Infecit sequor sanguine Punico, 
 
 Pyrrhumque et ingentem cecidit 35 
 
 Han. c. 4. s. 16. Antiochum, Hannibalemque dirum : 
 
 Ep. 16. 8. * 
 
 22. frangitur artubns. 27. intermissa. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. vii. 63 
 
 Sed rusticorum mascula militum mas. a. p. 402. 
 
 Proles, Sabellis docta ligonibus 
 Versare glebas, et severae 
 40 Matris ad arbitrium recisos 
 
 Portare fustes, sol ubi montium 
 Mutaret umbras et juga demeret 
 Bobus fatigatis, amicum 
 
 Tempus agens abeunte curru. 44 e. 1. 16. 7. 
 
 45 Damnosa quid non imminuit dies ! 
 
 iEtas parentum, pejor avis, tulit 4 6. c. 1. 35. 35. 
 
 Nos nequiores, mox daturos 
 Progeniem vitiosiorem. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Qutd fles, Asterie, quem tibi candidi C an. c. 1. 7. is. 
 
 Primo restituent vere Favonii, 
 
 Thyna merce beatum, ' lh v- £• \ f^ 
 
 Constantis juvenem fide, 
 
 5 Gygen ? Ille Notis actus ad Oricum 
 Post insana Caprse sidera, frigidas 
 Noctes non sine multis 
 Insomnis lacrimis agit. 
 
 Atqui sollicitse nuntius hospitae, 
 10 Suspirare Chloen, et miseram tuis *u*. e p . 11. 10. 
 
 Dicens ignibus uri, 
 
 Temptat mille vafer modis. 
 
 XJt Proetum mulier perfida credulum 
 Falsis impulerit criminibus nimis 
 15 Casto Belleroplionti 
 
 Maturare necem, refert. 
 
 Narrat psene datum Pelea Tartaro, 
 Magnessam Hippolyten dum fugit abstinens : 
 
64 Q. Ilon.lTI FLACCl 
 
 ]„><■ c i 27. 17 Et peccare docentis 
 
 Fallax liistorias movct : 20 
 
 -' 'v }'■ :, \. Frustra : nara scopulis surdior Icari 
 
 lca. 0. 1. 1. k>. ■*■ 
 
 Voces audit adhuc integer. At tibi 
 Ne vicinus Enipeus 
 
 Plus justo placeat, cave : 
 
 2 5 . c. 3. i2. ii. Quamvis non alius flectere equum sciens 25 
 
 gra.M. c.4.1.39. iEque conspicitur gramine Martio, 
 
 Nec quisquam citus aeque 
 Tus. c. i. 2. u. Tusco denatat alveo. 
 
 Prima nocte domum claude : neque in vias 
 Sub cantu querulse despice tibise : 30 
 
 Et te ssepe vocanK 
 dif. c. 3. io. n. Duram difficilis mane. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Martiis cselebs quid agam Kaleudis, 
 Quid velint flores et acerra thuris 
 Plena, miraris, positusque carbo in 
 Crespite vivo, 
 
 Docte sermonis utriusque linguae ? 5 
 
 Voveram dulcis epulas et album 
 Libero caprum, prope funeratus 
 s. c. 2. i3. Arboris ictu. 
 
 17.27. 
 
 9. c. 3. i4. 2 i3. Hic dies anno redeunte festus 
 
 S 2 2 83 . N 
 
 Corticem adstrictum pice dimovebit 10 
 
 Amphorse fumum bibere institutse 
 Consule Tullo. 
 
 Sume, Maecenas, cyathos amici 
 Sospitis centum, et vigiles lucernas 
 
 C. 3. 21. 23. 
 
 19. docentes. 20. monet. 5. sermones. 6. dnlces. 
 
 10. demovebit. 
 
C. 3. 6. 14. 
 S. 2. 6. 53. 
 
 dis. C. 2. 2. 18. 
 
 22. C. 2. 6. 2. 
 
 CJRMINUM LIB. III. ix. 65 
 
 15 Perfer in lucem : procul omnis esto 
 Clamor et ira. 
 
 Mitte civilis super Urbe curas : 
 Occidit Daci Cotisonis agmen ; 
 Medus infestus sibi luctuosis 
 20 Dissidet arrnis : 
 
 Servit Hispanse vetus hostis orae 
 Cantaber sera domitus catena : 
 Jam Scythae laxo meditantur arcu 
 Cedere campis. 
 
 25 Neglegens, ne qua populus laboret 
 Parce privatus nimium cavere^ 
 
 Dona prsesentis cape lsetus horse, et *i- c. 1. 11. 8. 
 
 Linque severa. 
 
 IX. 
 
 Donec gratus eram tibv 
 
 Nec quisquam potior bracchia candidie P ot. s. 2. 5. 
 
 Cervici juvenis dabat : 
 
 Persarum vigui rege beatior. 4 c . 2. 2. 15 
 
 Donec non alia magis 
 
 Arsisti, neque erat Lydia post Chloen : 
 Multi Lydia nominis 
 
 Romana vigui clarior Ilia. 
 
 Me nunc Thressa Chloe regit_, 
 
 Dulces docta modos, et cithara^ sciens : 
 Pro qua non metuam mori^ 
 
 Si parcent animse fata superstiti. 
 
 Me torret face mutua mut. c. 4. 1. 30, 
 
 Ep. 15. 10. 
 Thurini Calais filius Ornyti : 
 
 ars. C. 2. I. 
 
 i. C. 1. 2. 17. 
 
 > Pro quo bis patiar mori, 
 
 Si parcent puero fata superstiti. 
 
 vm. 15. profer. 17. eiviles. 27. rape. 
 
6« Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Quid ? si prisca redit Venus, 
 is. c. 1. 33. ii. Diductosque jugo cogit aeneo ? 
 
 Si flava excutitur Chloe, 
 
 Rejectseque patet janua Lydiae ? 20 
 
 n. c. 3. 19. 26. Quamquam sidere pulchrior 
 
 Ille est, tu levior cortice, et improbo 
 Had. c. i. 33. 15. Iracundior Hadria : 
 
 Tecum vivere amem, tecum obeam libens. 
 
 X. 
 
 Extremum Tanain si biberes, Lyce, 
 
 Ssevo nupta viro ; me tamen asperas 
 
 3 . e p . i. 2i. Porrectum ante fores obicere incolis 
 
 Plorares Aquilonibus. 
 Audis quo strepitu janua, quo nemus 5 
 
 Inter pulchra satum tecta remugiat 
 Ventis, et positas ut glaciet nives 
 
 Puro numine J uppiter ? 
 
 Ingratam Veneri pone superbiam, 
 Ne currente retro funis eat rota. 10 
 
 dij. c. 3. 7. 32. Non te Penelopen difficilem procis 
 
 Tyrrhenus genuit parens. 
 
 O, quamvis neque te munera, nec preces, 
 Nec tinctus viola pallor amantium, 
 Nec vir Pieria pellice saucius 15 
 
 Curvat, supplicibus tuis 
 
 Parcas, nec rigida mollior aesculo, 
 Nec Mauris animum mitior anguibus. 
 Non hoc semper erit liminis aut aquae 
 
 Cselestis patiens latus. 20 
 
 3. objicere. 15. paelice, B. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. xi. 67 
 
 XI. 
 
 Mercuri, nam te docilis magistro i. c. 1. 10. 6. 
 
 Movit Amphion lapides canendo, %. a. p. 394. 
 
 Tuque, Testudo, resonare septem 
 Callida nervis, 
 
 5 Nec loquax olim neque grata, nunc et 
 
 Divitum mensis et amica templis : 6. x. p. 404. 
 
 Die modos, Lyde quibus obstinatas 
 Applicet auris. 
 
 Quse, velut latis equa trima eampis, 
 10 Ludit exsultim metuitque tangi, 
 
 Nuptiarum expers et adhuc protervo 
 Cruda marito. 
 
 Tu potes tigres comitesque silvas 13 c. 1. 12. 7. 
 
 Ducere, et rivos celeres morari ; 
 15 Cessit immanis tibi blandienti l5 . c. 2. 13. 33. 
 
 Janitor aulae 
 
 Cerberus, quamvis furiale centum 
 Muniant angues caput ejus, atque 
 Spiritus teter saniesque manet 
 20 Ore trilingui. 20. c. 2. 19. 31. 
 
 Quin et Ixion Titvosque voltu nt. c. 2. 14. 8. 
 
 . s. 4. 77. 
 
 Bisit invito : stetit urna paulum 
 
 Sicca, dum grato Danai puellas 
 
 Carmine mulces. 
 
 25 Audiat Lyde scelus atque notas 
 
 Virginum poenas, et inane lymphse 
 Dolium fundo pereuntis imo, 
 Seraque fata, 
 
 Quae manent culpas etiam sub Orco. 
 30 Impise ; nam quid potuere majus ? 
 
 8. aurea. 
 
08 Q. UORATl FLACCl 
 
 Impise sponsos potuere duro 
 Pcrdere fcrro. 
 
 Una de multis, face nuptiali 
 Digna, perjurum fuit in parcntem 
 Splendide mendax, et in omne virgo 35 
 
 Nobilis sevum. 
 
 " Surge," quse dixit juveni marito, 
 som. c. i. 24. 5. " Surge, ne longus tibi somnus, unde 
 
 Non times, detur : socerum et scelestas 
 
 Falle sorores ; 40 
 
 4 ,. c. i. 23. ii. " Quse, velut nactse vitulos lesense, 
 
 Singulos, eheu, lacerant. Ego illis 
 
 Mollior nec te feriam, neque intra 
 
 Claustra tenebo. 
 
 "Me pater saevis oneret catenis, 45 
 
 Quod viro clemens misero peperci : 
 Me vel extremos Nuruidarum in agros 
 49 . e p . i6. 2i. classe releget. 
 
 ' ' I, pedes quo te rapiunt et aurae, 
 Dum favet nox et Venus : I secundo 50 
 
 Omine, et nostri memorem sepulcro 
 Scalpe querellam." 
 
 XII. 
 
 Miserarum est neque amori 
 Dare ludum, neque dulci 
 Mala vino lavere, aut exanimari metuentis 
 Patruae verbera linguse. 
 
 Tibi qualum Cytherese 
 Puer ales, tibi telas 
 
 Operosseque Minervse studium aufert, Neobule, 
 Liparsei nitor Hebri, 
 
 36. cevo=aevom. B. 3. metuentes. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. xiv. 69 
 
 Simul unctos Tiberinis 9. c. 1. 8. 8. 
 
 3. 7. 25. 
 
 10 Humeros lavit in undis_, 
 
 Eques ipso melior Bellerophonte, neque pugno 
 Neque segni pede victus ; 
 
 Catus idem per apertum C at. c. 1. 10. 3. 
 
 Fugientis agitato 
 15 Grege cervos jaculari, et celer alto latitantem jac. c. 1. 2. 3. 
 
 Fruticeto excipere aprum. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 O fons Bandusiae, splendidior vitro. 
 Dulci digne mero non sine floribus, 
 Cras donaberis hsedo, 
 
 Cui frons turgida cornibus 
 
 Primis et Venerem et proelia destinat : 
 Frustra : nam gelidos inficiet tibi 
 Rubro sanguine rivos 
 Lascivi suboles gregis. 
 
 Te flagrantis atrox hora Caniculse can. c. 1. 17. 17. 
 
 E. 1. 10. 16. 
 
 Nescit tangere : tu frigus amabile 
 Fessis vomere tauris 
 Prsebes, et pecori vago. 
 
 Fies nobilium tu quoque fontium, 
 Me dicente cavis impositam ilicem 
 Saxis, unde loquaces 
 
 Lymphse desiliunt tuse. l6 . e p . 16. 48. 
 
 XIV. 
 
 Herculis ritu modo dictus, o Plebs, 
 Morte venalem petiisse laurum^ 
 
 xii. 14. fugientes. 15. arto. 
 
70 Q. IIORATl FLACCI 
 
 Csesar Hispana repetit Penates 
 Victor ab ora. 
 
 12. C. 3. 1. 2. 
 
 tes. C. 3. 21. 4. 
 21. C. 2. 11. 22. 
 
 A. P. 115. 
 
 Unico gaudens mulier marito 5 
 
 Prodeat, justis operata sacris ; 
 Et soror clari ducis, et decorse 
 Supplice vitta 
 
 Virginum matres, juvenumque nuper 
 Sospitum. Vos o pueri, et puellae 10 
 
 Jam virum expertae, male ominatis 
 Parcite verbis. - 
 
 i 3 . c. 3. 8. 9. Hic dies vere mihi festus atras 
 
 exi. e. 1. 5. 18. Eximet curas : ego nec tumultum, 
 
 1$. c. 4. 15. 17. Nec mori per vim metuam, tenente 15 
 
 Csesare terras. 
 
 17. c. 2. 3. 13. I, pete unguentum, puer, et coronas, 
 
 due. e. 1. 2. 7. Et cadum Marsi memorem duelli, 
 
 Spartacum si qua potuit vagantem 
 
 Fallere testa. 20 
 
 Dic et argutae properet Neserae 
 Murreum nodo cohibere crinem : 
 Si per invisum mora janitorem 
 Fiet, abito. 
 
 Lenit albescens animos capillus 25 
 
 Litium et rixae cupidos protervae : 
 juv. c. 1. 16. 23. £j on e g noc f errem calidus juventa, 
 
 Consule Planco. 
 
 XV. 
 
 Uxor pauperis Ibyci, 
 
 Tandem nequitise fige modum tuae, 
 
 xiv. 6. divis. 11. nominatis, B. 14. exiget. 22. Myrrheum, 
 
 Murrheum. xv. 2. pone. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. xvi. 71 
 
 Famosisque laboribus : fam. c. 3. 3. 26. 
 
 Maturo propior desine funeri 
 5 Inter ludere virgines, 
 
 Et stellis nebulam spargere candidis. 
 Non, si quid Pholoen satis, 
 
 Et te, Chlori, decet : filia rectius 
 Expugnat juvenum domos, 
 10 Pulso Thyias uti concita tympano. Jy OT C c 2 i 19 '8 9 i4. 
 
 Illam cogit amor Nothi 
 
 Lascivse similem ludere caprese : 
 Te lanse prope nobilem 
 
 Tonsse Luceriam, non citharae, decent, 
 15 Nec flos purpureus rosse, 
 
 Nec poti, vetulam., fsece tenus cadi. -.6. c. 1. 35. 27. 
 
 XVI. 
 
 Inclusam Danaen turris aenea, 
 Robustseque fores, et vigilum canum 
 Tristes excubise munierant satis 
 Nocturnis ab adulteris, 
 
 5 Si non Acrisiuni, virginis abditse 
 
 Custodem pavidum, Juppiter et Venus 
 Kisissent : fore enim tutum iter et patens 
 Converso in pretium deo. 
 
 Aurum per medios ire satellites, 
 10 Et perrumpere amat saxa potentius 
 Ictu fulmineo : concidit auguris 
 Argivi domus ob lucrum 
 
 Demersa exitio ; difndit urbium 
 Portas vir Macedo, et subruit semulos 
 15 Reges muneribus ; munera navium 
 Saevos illaqueant duces. 
 
 xv. 16. vetula. xvi. 13. excidio. 
 
72 Q, HORATl FLJCCl 
 
 O- o. a. 16. 22. Crescentem scquitur cura pccuniam, 
 
 18. c. 2. 2. 13. Majorumque fames. Jurc perhorrui 
 
 i 9 . c. i. 18. 15. Late conspicuum tollere verticem, 
 
 Maecenas, equitum decus. 20 
 
 Quanto quisque sibi plura ncgaverit, 
 Ab dis plura feret. Nil cupientium 
 Nudus castra peto, et transfuga divitum 
 Partes linquere gestio ; 
 
 25 . c. 2. 2. 9. Contemptse dominus splendidior rei, 25 
 
 Quam si, quidquid arat impiger Apulus, 
 
 27 c ! j 9 Occultare meis dicerer horreis, 
 
 28. e. i. 2. 56; Magnas inter opes inops. 
 
 18. 98. 
 
 Purse rivus aquae, silvaque jugerum 
 Paucorum, et segetis certa fides meae, 30 
 
 Fulgentem imperio fertilis Africae 
 Fallit sorte beatior. 
 
 33 . c. 2. 6. 14. Quamquam nec Calabrse mella ferunt apes^ 
 
 Nec Laestrygonia Bacchus in amphora 
 Languescit mihi, nec pinguia Gallicis 35 
 
 Crescunt vellera pascuis, 
 
 Importuna tamen Pauperies abest ; 
 
 Nec, si plura velim, tu dare deneges. 
 
 Contracto melius parva cupidine 
 vec s. 2. 2. ioo. Vectigalia porrigam-, 40 
 
 Myg. c. 2. i2. 22. Quam si Mygdoniis regnum Alyattei 
 
 42. c. 3. 24. 64. Campis continuem. Multa petentibus 
 
 ben. s. 2. 2. 120. Desunt multa : bene est cui Deus obtulit 
 
 E. 1. 1. 89. 
 
 sat c 3 1 25 Parca, quod satis est, manu. 
 
 XVII. 
 
 iELi, vetusto nobilis ab Lamo, 
 Quando et priores hinc Lamias ferunt 
 
 43. ? beuest. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. xviii. 73 
 
 Denominatos, et nepotum 
 
 Per memores genns omne fastos ; 4- c. 4. 14. 4. 
 
 Auctore ab illo ducis originem, 
 Qui Formiarum mcenia dicitur 
 Princeps et innantem Maricse 
 
 Litoribus tenuisse Lirim, ur. c. 1. 31. 7. 
 
 Late tyrannus : cras foliis nemus 
 Multis et alga litus inutili 
 
 Demissa tempestas ab Euro n. e p . 10. 5 
 
 Sternet, aquae nisi fallit augur 
 
 Annosa cornix. Dum potis, aridum ann. c. 4. 13.25. 
 
 Compone lignum : cras Genium mero u c. 1. 9. 5. 
 
 r ° Gen. E. 2. 2. 187. 
 
 Curabis et porco bimestri, A - p - 21 °- 
 
 Cum famulis operum solutis. l6 \ \\H*' 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 Faune, Nympharum fugientum amator, 
 Per meos finis et aprica rura 
 Lenis incedas abeasque parvis 
 
 iEquus alumnis ; aiu. c. 3. 2.3. 7. 
 
 5 Si tener pleno cadit hsedus anno, 
 Larga nec desunt Veneris sodali 
 Vina craterae, vetus ara multo 
 Fumat odore. 
 
 Ludit herboso pecus omne campo, lud c 2 5 8 
 
 3 Quum tibi Nonse redeunt Decembres : 
 Festus in pratis vacat otioso 
 Cum bove pagus : 
 
 Inter audaces lupus errat agnos : 13. c. 1. 17. 5. 
 
 Spargit agrestes tibi silva frondes : 14. e p . 11. 6. 
 
 xvir. 13. potes, B. 15. bimenstri, B. k. xvrn. 2. fiues. 
 
2. C. 4. 9. 52. 
 
 4 . C. 4. 9. 19. 
 
 74 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 i S . e. i. 14. 26. Gaudet invisam pepulisse fossor 1 5 
 
 Ter pcde terrara. 
 
 XIX. 
 
 Quantum distet ab Inacho 
 
 Codrus, pro patria non timidus mori, 
 Narras, et genus iEaci, 
 
 Et pugnata sacro bella sub Ilio : 
 CM. e p . 9 34 Q uo Chium pretio cadum 5 
 
 2 - 8 15 - Mercemur, quis aquam temperet ignibus, 
 
 Quo prsebente domum et quota 
 
 Pelignis caream frigoribus, taces. 
 Da Lunse propere novae, 
 Noc. c. 3. 28. 16. Da Noctis mediae, da, puer^ auguris 10 
 
 Murense : tribus aut novem 
 
 Miscentur cyathis pocula commodis. 
 Qui Musas amat impares, 
 
 Ternos ter cyathos attonitus petet 
 Vates : tris prohibet supra 15 
 
 Bixarum metuens tangere Gratia ; 
 
 17. c. 3. 2i. 22. Nudis iuncta sororibus. 
 
 4. 7. 5. 
 
 18. c. 2. 7. 28. Insamre juvat : cur Berecyntise 
 Cessant flamina tibise ? 
 
 Cur pendet tacita fistula cum lyra ? 20 
 
 Parcentis ego dexteras 
 
 Odi : sparge rosas ; audiat invidus 
 Dementem strepitum Lycus 
 
 Et vicina seni non habilis Lyco. 
 
 Spissa te nitidum coma, 25 
 
 2 6. c. 3. 9. 21. Puro te similem, Telephe, Vespero, 
 
 Ves. c. 2. 9. 10. . .■«■,'■,- 
 
 Tempestiva petit Rhode : 
 
 4. 12. 28. 
 
 22. E. 1. 5. 14. 
 
 Me lentus Glycerse torret amor meae. 
 
 xix. 15. tres. 21. parcentes. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. xxi. 75 
 
 XX. 
 
 Non vides, quanto moveas periclo, 
 
 Pyrrhe, Gsetulae catulos lesense ? G <et. c. 1. 23.10. 
 
 Dura post paulo fugies inaudax 
 Proelia raptor : 
 
 Quum per obstantis juvenum catervas obt. cat. c.4.9.43. 
 
 Ibit insignem repetens Nearchum : 
 Grande certamen, tibi praeda cedat 
 Major an illi. 
 
 Interim, dum tu celeres sagittas 
 Promis, hsec dentes acuit timendos, 
 Arbiter pugnse posuisse nudo 
 Sub pede palmam 
 
 Fertur, et leni recreare vento 
 
 Sparsum odoratis humerum capillis ; 0(to . c. 2. 11. 15 
 
 Qualis aut Nireus fuit, aut aquosa Nir Ep 15 23 
 
 Raptus ab Ida. ,6. c. 4. 4. 4. 
 
 XXI. 
 
 O nata mecum consule Manlio, t . e p . 13. 6. 
 
 Seu tu querellas, sive geris jocos, 
 Seu rixam et insanos amores, 
 
 Seu facilem, pia testa, somnum ; tes . c. 3. 14. 20. 
 
 Quocunque lectum nomine Massicum 
 Servas, moveri digna bono die, 
 Descende, Corvino jubente 
 Promere languidiora vina. 
 
 Non ille, quamquam Socraticis madet 
 Sermonibus, te negleget horridus : 
 
 xx. 5. obstantes. 8. illa. O. 
 
 lan. C 3. 16. 35. 
 Soc. C. 1. 29. 14. 
 
76 Q. HORATl FLJCCI 
 
 Cat ' b. I SliS: Narratur ct prisci Catonis 
 
 Saepe mero caluksc virtus. 
 13. c. 3. 28. 4. Tu lene tormentum ingenio admoves 
 
 Plerumque duro : tu sapientium 
 
 Curas et arcanum jocoso 15 
 
 16. b. 1. 5. i6. Consilium retegis Lyseo : 
 
 Tu spem reducis mentibus anxiis, 
 Viresque et addis cornua pauperi, 
 19. c. 1. 18. 5. Post te neque iratos trementi 
 
 Regum apices, neque militum arma. 20 
 Te Liber, et, si lseta aderit, Yenus, 
 "' °' 3.' 19. 17. Segnesque nodum solvere Gratise, 
 
 23. c. 3. 8. 14. Vivseque producent lucernae, 
 
 f U g. c. 2. 9. 12. Dum rediens fugat astra Phoebus. 
 
 XXII. 
 
 1. c. 1. 12. 22; Montium custos nemorumque, Yirgo, 
 
 Quae laborantis utero puellas 
 3 . Ep . 5. 5. Ter vocata audis, adimisque leto, 
 
 Diva triformis : 
 
 Imminens villse tua pinus esto, 
 Quam per exactos ego lsetus annos 
 Verris obliquum meditantis ictum 
 Sanguine donem. 
 
 XXIII. 
 
 C^:lo supinas si tuleris manus 
 Na^cente Luna, rustica Phidyle, 
 hor ' s.Wk Si thure placaris et horna 
 
 Pruge Lares, avidaque porca : 
 
 xx n. 2. laborantes. xxiit. 3. fcure. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. xxiv. 77 
 
 Nec pestilentem sentiet Africuni 
 Fecunda vitis, nec sterilem seges 
 Robiginem, aut dulces alumni 
 Pomifero grave tempus anno. 
 
 Nam, quse nivali pascitur Algido 
 Devota quercus inter et ilices, 
 Aut crescit Albanis in herbis, 
 Victima, pontificum secures 
 
 Cervice tinget. Te nihil attinet 
 Temptare multa csede bidentium 
 Parvos coronantem marino 
 Rore deos fragilique myrto. 
 
 Immunis aram si tetigit manus, 
 Non sumptuosa blandior bostia 
 Mollivit aversos Penates 
 Farre pio et saliente mica. 
 
 alu. 
 
 C. 
 
 3. 18. 4. 
 
 8. C 
 
 S. 
 
 . 2. 
 2. 
 
 14. 15. 
 
 6.19. 
 
 Alg. 
 
 C 
 
 . 1. 21. 6. 
 
 4. 4. 58. 
 
 ave. Ep. 10. 18. 
 
 XXIV. 
 
 Intactis opulentior 
 
 Thesauris Arabum et divitis Indise, 2 . e. i. g. 6. 
 
 Csementis licet occupes 
 
 Terrenum omne tuis et mare publicum, 
 5 Si figit adamantinos 
 
 Summis verticibus dira Necessitas Nec. c. 1. 3. 32. 
 
 Clavos, non animum metu 
 
 Non mortis laqueis expedies caput. 
 Campestres melius Scythae, cam c ^ 35 9 
 
 10 Quorum plaustra vagas rite trahunt domos, 
 Vivunt, et rigidi Getse : 
 
 Immetata quibus jugera liberas imm , s . 2.2. 114. 
 
 Fruges et Cererem ferunt, 
 
 Nec cultura placet longior annua : 
 
 xxiit. 7. rubiginem, B: 13. tinguet. xxiv. Vulg. Tyrrhenum... 
 
 Apulicum. 
 
7« Q. IIOUATL ILICCI 
 
 Defunctumque laboribua 15 
 
 iEquali recreat sortc vicarius. 
 Illic matre carentibus 
 
 Privignis mulier temperat innocens : 
 Nec dotata regit virum 
 nit. c. 4. 9. 13. Conjux, nec nitido fidit adultero : 20 
 
 Dos est magna parentium 
 
 Virtus, et metuens alterius viri 
 Certo fcedere castitas, 
 a 4 . c. 4. 9. 50. Et peccare nefas, aut pretium emori. 
 
 O quisquis volet impias 25 
 
 Csedes et rabiem toilere civicam, 
 qu<s. c. 3. 27. 55. Si quaeret Pater Urbium 
 
 Subscribi statuis, indomitam audeat 
 39. c. 4. 15. io. Refrenare licentiam, 
 
 Clarus postgenitis ; quatenus, heu nefas ! 30 
 Virtutem incolumem odimus, 
 
 Sublatam ex oculis quserimus invidi. 
 Quid tristes querimonise, 
 
 Si non supplicio culpa reciditur ? 
 s'$. c. 4. 5. 22. Quid leges sine moribus 35 
 
 Vanae proficiunt, si neque fervidis 
 37. c. 3. 3. 55. Pars inclusa caloribus 
 
 1. 22. 17. 
 
 Mundi. nec Borese finitimum latus, 
 Durataeque solo nives, 
 
 Mercatorem abigunt ? horrida callidi 40 
 
 Vincunt aequora navitae ? 
 42. s. 2. 3. 92. Magnum pauperies opprobrium jubet 
 
 Quidvis et facere et pati, 
 
 Virtutisque viam deserit arduse ? 
 Vel nos in Capitolium, 45 
 
 Quo clamor vocat et turba faventium, 
 Vel nos in mare proximum 
 
 Gemmas et lapides, aurum et inutile, 
 
 20. cobjhhx. 24. est mori. 27. quaerit. 
 
CARMINUM LIJB. III. xxr. 79 
 
 Summi materiem mali, 
 50 Mittamus, scelerum si bene poenitet. 
 Eradenda cupidinis 
 
 Pravi sunt elementa : et tenerse nimis 
 Mentes asperioribus 
 
 Eormandse studiis. Nescit equo rudis 
 55 Hserere ingenuus puer, 
 
 Venarique timet ; ludere doctior, 
 Seu Graeco jubeas troeho, Gr*. s. 2. 2. 11. 
 
 Seu malis vetita legibus alea : aie. e. 1. 18. 21. 
 
 Quum perjura patris fides 
 60 Consortem socium fallat et hospitem, 
 
 Indignoque pecuniam 61. s. 2. 3. 122. 
 
 Heredi properet. Scilicet improbae 
 Crescunt divitise : tamen 
 
 Curta3 nescio quid semper abest rei. 64. c. 3. 16. 43. 
 
 ^ r E. 1. 2. 56. 
 
 XXV. 
 
 Quo me, Bacche, rapis tui x c 2 19. «. 
 
 Plenum ? Quse nemora aut quos agor in specus^ 2 . c. 3. 4. 6. 
 Velox mente nova ? Quibus 
 
 egr. C 1. 6. 11. 
 
 Antris egregii Csesaris audiar 
 5 iEternum meditans decus 
 
 Stellis inserere et consilio Jovis ? ins. c. 1. 1. 35. 
 
 con. C 3. 3. 17. 
 
 Dicam msigne, recens, adhuc 7 c 3 1 2 
 
 Indictum ore alio. Non secus in jugis 
 Exsomnis stupet Euhias 
 10 Hebrum prospiciens, et nive candidam IO E L 3 3 
 
 Thracen ac pede barbaro 
 
 Lustratam Rhodopen. Ut mihi devio 
 Ripas et vacuum nemus i3- E . 2 .;2. 77. 
 
 Mirari libet ! O Naiadum potens mir c 3 29 11# 
 
 54. firmandse, Bent. conj. ■ 13. nvpes. 
 
 H 2 
 
BO Q. EORATl FLAOCI 
 
 Baccharumquc valcntium 15 
 
 Proccras manibus vertere fraxinos : 
 Nil parvum aut humili modo, 
 
 Nil mortale loquar. Dulce periculum est, 
 O Lensee, sequi deum 
 ao. c. i. 8. 33. Cingentem viridi tempora pampino. 20 
 
 XXVI. 
 
 ' Vixt puellis nuper idoneus, 
 
 »h7. c. 4. 1. 16. Et militavi non sine gloria : 
 
 Nunc arma defunctumque bello 
 Barbiton hic paries habebit, 
 
 mar. c. 4.ii. 15. Lsevum marinse qui Veneris latus 
 
 Custodit. Hic, hic ponite lucida 
 Funalia, et vectes, et arcus 
 8 c i 25. 2. Oppositis foribus minaces. 
 
 Cyp. 0.1.3. i s O quse beatam, diva, tenes Cyprum, et 
 
 30. 
 
 Memphin carentem Sithonia nive, 10 
 
 Regina, sublimi flagello 
 
 Tange Chloen semel arrogantem. 
 
 XXVII. 
 
 Impios parrse recinentis omen 
 Ducat, et prseguans canis, aut ab agro 
 rav. Ep. 16. 33. Rava decurrens lupa Lanuvino, 
 
 Fetaque vulpes : 
 
 Bumpat et serpens iter institutum, 5 
 
 Si per obliquum similis sagittae 
 Terruit mannos. — Ego cui timebo, 
 Providus auspex, 
 
 xxv. 18. ? periculnrast ; est, omit. Hl. A. B. xxvn. 2. praegnas, B. 
 7. quid timebo ? 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. xxvii. 81 
 
 Antequam stantis repetat paludes 
 10 Imbrium divina avis imminentunx, IO c - 3 - 17 12 - 
 
 Oscinem corvum prece suscitabo 
 Solis ab ortu. 
 
 Sis licet felix, ubicumque mavis, 
 Et memor nostri., Galatea, vivas : 
 15 Teque nec lsevus vetet ire picus, 
 Nec vaga cornix. 
 
 Sed vides, quanto trepidet tumultu 
 
 Pronus Orion. Ego, quid sit ater 0rL %}'$'■!& 
 
 Hadrise, novi, sinus, et quid albus Ha(L c " l '^wl 
 
 20 Peecet Iapyx. ia P .c.i.'it' 
 
 Hostium uxores puerique csecos 
 
 Sentiant motus orientis Austri, et Aus. c. 3. 3. i. 
 
 iEquoris nigri fremitum, et trementis 
 Verbere ripas. 
 
 25 Sic et Europe niveum doloso 
 
 Credidit tauro latus, et scatentem 
 
 Beluis pontum mediasque fraudes bci. c. 4. 14. 47. 
 
 Palluit audax. 
 
 Nuper in pratis studiosa floruni, et 
 30 Debitse Nymphis opifex coronse, 
 Nocte sublustri nihil astra prseter 
 Vidit et undas. 
 
 Quse simul centum tetigit potentem E g _„, 
 
 Oppidis Creten, " Pater ! O relictum 
 35 Eilise nomen pietasque," dixit, 
 " Victa furore ! 
 
 " Unde quo veni ? Levis una mors est 
 Virginum culpse. Vigilansne ploro 
 Turpe commissum ? an vitiis carentem 
 40 Ludit imago 
 
 9. stantes. 23. tremeutes. 
 
83 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 11 Vana, quse porta fugiens eburna 
 Somnium ducit ? Meliusne fluctus 
 Ire per longos fuit, an recentes 
 Carpere flores ? 
 
 " Si quis infamem mihi nunc juvencum 45 
 
 Dedat iratae, lacerare ferro et 
 Frangere enitar modo multum amati 
 Cornua monstri. 
 
 " Impudens liqui patrios Penates : 
 Impudens Orcum moror. O deorum 50 
 
 Si quis hsec audis, utinam inter errem 
 Nuda leones ! 
 
 " Antequam turpis macies decentis 
 Occupet malas, tenerseque sucus 
 qu*. c. 3. 4. 39 ; Defluat prsedse, speciosa quaero 55 
 
 Pascere tigres. 
 
 " 'Vilis Europe/ pater urget absens, 
 f Quid mori cessas ? Potes hac ab orno 
 Pendulum zona bene te secuta 
 
 Lsedere collum. 60 
 
 " 'Sive te rupes et acuta leto 
 Saxa delectant, age te procellae 
 Crede veloci : nisi erile mavis 
 Carpere pensum, 
 
 " ' Regius sanguis, dominseque tradi 65 
 
 Barbarse pellex.' " Aderat querenti 
 Perfidum ridens Venus, et remisso 
 Pilius arcu. 
 
 ius. c. l. 33. 12. Mox, ubi lusit satis, cc Abstineto/' 
 
 Dixit, cc irarum calidaeque rixae, 70 
 
 Quum tibi invisus laceranda reddet 
 Cornua taurus. 
 
 48. tauri. 53. decentes. 57. urgaet, 63- herile. 
 66. paelex. B. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III xxix. 83 
 
 " Uxor invicti Jovis esse nescis : 
 Mitte singnltus ; bene ferre magnam 
 75 Disce fortunam : tua sectus orbis 
 Nomina ducet." 
 
 XXVIII. 
 
 Festo quid potius die 
 
 Neptuni faciam ? Prome reconditum, 
 Lyde strenua, Csecubum, 
 
 Munitseque adhibe vim sapientise. 4- c. 3. 21. 13. 
 
 5 Inclinare meridiem 
 
 Sentis : ac, veluti stet volucris dies, voL c . 4. 13. 13. 
 
 Parcis deripere horreo hor c 4 12 18 . 
 
 Cessantem Bibuli Consulis amphoram. 
 Nos cantabimus invicem 
 10 Neptunum, et viridis Nereidum comas : 
 
 Tu curva recines lyra cur . c . L 10 6 . 
 
 Latonam, et celeris spicula Cynthise : ia c h 21 1—3. 
 
 Summo carmine, qua3 Cnidon Cni c L 30 L 
 
 Fulgentesque tenet Cycladas, et Paphon c y c c. 1. 14. 20. 
 
 15 Junctis visit oloribus : 15. c. 4. 1. 10. 
 
 Dicetur merita Nox quoque nenia. 16 c. 3. 19. 10. 
 
 XXIX. 
 
 Tvrrhena regum progenies, tibi 
 
 Non ante verso lene merum cado, 
 
 1. c. 1. 1. 1. 
 
 S. 1. 6. 1. 
 len. C. 1. 7. 19. 
 
 Cum fiore, Msecenas. rosarum, et 3- c. 2. 3! 13 ; ' 
 
 11. 14. 
 Pressa tuis balanus capillis 3. 14. n. 
 
 5 Jam dudum apud me est. Eripe te morse, 
 
 Nec semper udum Tibur, et iEsulse »**• c.i. 7. 14. 
 
 3.10.' 
 
 xxviii. 10. virides ; choros. 14. Paphum, B. xxix. 5. ? mest. 
 
 6. ne. 
 
84 Q. HORATi FLACCI 
 
 Declive contemplcris arvum, ct 
 Telcgoni juga parricidic. 
 
 Fastidiosam desere copiam et 
 I0 - e p- 9 3 Molem propinquam nubibus arduis ; 10 
 
 mir. c. 3. 25. M, Omitte mirari beatoe 
 
 Fumum et opcs strepitumque Romse. 
 
 Plerumque gratae divitibus vices, 
 **■ ^- \ % 7 i 3 Mundseque parvo sub lare pauperum 
 
 Cenae, sine aulseis et ostro, 15 
 
 16. s. 2. 2. 125. Sollicitam explicuere frontem. 
 
 Jam clarus occultum Andromedae pater 
 18. e. i. io. 16. Ostendit ignem : jam Procyon furit 
 
 Et stella vesani Leonis, 
 ao. c. i. 12. 13. Sole dies referente siccos. 20 
 
 Jam pastor umbras cum grege languido 
 Rivumque fessus quserit, et horridi 
 Dumeta Silvani : caretque 
 Ripa vagis taciturna ventis. 
 
 a*. c. 3. 8. 17. Tu civitatem quis deceat status 25 
 
 Curas, et Urbi sollicitus times, 
 Quid Seres et regnata Cyro 
 
 Bactra parent Tanaisque discors. 
 
 Prudens futuri temporis exitum 
 Caliginosa nocte premit deus, 30 
 
 Ridetque, si mortalis ultra 
 
 Fas trepidat. Quod adest memento 
 
 Componere sequus ; cetera fiuminis 
 Eitu feruntur, nunc medio alveo 
 
 Cum pace delabentis Etruscum 35 
 
 In mare, nunc lapides adesos 
 
 Stirpesque raptas, et pecus et domos 
 Volventis una, non sine montium 
 
 3i. aequore. 
 
 27. C 4. 15. 23. 
 
 i-u. C 1. 3. 22. 
 
 tre. C 2. 11. 4 
 
 33. C 3. 8. 27. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. III. xxx. S5 
 
 Clamore vicinaeque silvoe, 
 40 Cum fera diluvies quietos 
 
 Irritat amnes. Ille potens sui 
 Lsetusque deget, cui licet in diem 
 Dixisse, " Vixi : cras vel atra 
 Nube polum Pater occupato 
 
 45 " Vel sole puro : non tamen irritum, 
 
 Quodcumque retro est, efficiet : neque 
 Diffinget infectumque reddet, 
 Quod fugiens semel hora vexit." 
 
 Fortuna ssevo lseta negotio, et 
 50 Ludum insolentem ludere pertinax, $ Q . c. 2. 1. 3. 
 
 Transmutat incertos honores, 
 Nunc mihi, nunc alii benigna. 
 
 Laudo manentem : si celeres quatit 
 
 Pennas, resigno quse dedit, et mea res. e. 1. 7. 31, 
 
 55 Virtute me involvo probamque 
 
 Pauperiem sine dote qusero. 
 
 Non est meunr, si mugiat Africis iVVi 1 1 ?s ■ 
 
 Malus procellis,, ad miseras preces 3 - 12, 
 Decurrere ; et votis pacisci, 
 
 60 Ne Cyprise Tyriaeque merces Cyp. c. 1. 1. 13. 
 
 Addant avaro divitias mari. a va. c. 1. 28. 18. 
 
 Tunc me, biremis prsesidio scaphse 
 Tutum, per iEgaeos tumultus 
 Aura feret geminusque Pollux. 
 
 64. C 1.3.2; 
 12. 27. 
 4. 8. 31.- 
 
 XXX. 
 
 Exegi monumentum sere perennius, 
 
 Regalique situ pyramidum altius ; 
 
 Quod non itnber edax, non Aquilo impotens 
 
 46. ? retrost. 54. pinnas, B. 62. tum. 
 
86 Q. UORATI FLACCI CARM, 
 
 Possit diruere, aut innumerabilis 
 
 Annorum series et fuga temporum. 5 
 
 6. c. 2. 2o. 6. Non omnis moriar, multaque pars mei 
 
 m. s. 2. 6. 19. Vitabit Libitinam. Usque ego postera 
 
 rec e. 2. i. 6i. Crescam laude recens, dum Capitolium 
 
 Scandet cum tacita Virgine pontifex. 
 io. c. 4.9.2^ Dicar, qua violens obstrepit Aufidus, 10 
 
 Et qua pauper aquse Daunus agrestium 
 
 hum. e. l. 20 2o. Regnavit populorum, ex humili potens, 
 
 i 3 . e. 1. 19. 32. Princeps iEolium carmen ad Italos 
 
 c s 1 2 
 4. 9. 3. Deduxisse modos. Sume superbiam 
 
 Dei. c. 4. 2. 9. Quaesitam meritis, et mihi Delphica 15 
 
 Lauro cinge volens, Melpomene, comam. 
 
S7 
 
 Q. HOEATI FLACCI CARMINA. 
 
 LIBEE QUAETUS. 
 
 Intermissa, Venus, diu 
 
 Rursus bella moves ? Parce, precor, precor. 
 Non sum, qualis eram bonse 3. e. 1. 1. 4. 
 
 Sub regno Cinarae. Desine, dulcium 
 5 Mater sseva Cupidinum, *• 0. 1. 19. 1. 
 
 Circa lustra decem flectere mollibus 
 Jam durum imperiis. Abi, 
 
 Quo blandse juvenum te revocant preces. 8. c. 1. 30. 2. 
 
 Tempestivius in domum 
 10 Paulli, purpureis ales oloribus, 
 Commissabere Maximi, 
 
 Si torrere jecur quseris idoneum. tor. c. 3. 9. 13. 
 
 Namque et nobilis, et decens, 
 
 Et pro sollicitis non tacitus reis, , 4 . c . 2. 1. 13. 
 
 15 Et centum puer artium, , 5 c 3 9 7 
 
 Late signa feret militise tuae : X 6. c. 3. 26. 2. 
 
 Et quandoque potentior 
 
 Largi muneribus riserit semuli, 
 
 9. domo. 18. largis. 
 
88 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 Albanos propc te lacus 
 
 Ponet marmoream, sub trabe citrea. 20 
 
 Illic plurima naribus 
 Ber. c. 3. 19. 18. Duces thura, lyraequc et Berecyntiie 
 
 Delectabere tibise 
 
 Mixtis carminibus, non sine fistula. 
 Illic bis pueri die 25 
 
 Numen cum teneris virginibus tuum 
 Laudantes, pede candido 
 ier ^c.Vis }%. -"- n morem Salium ter quatient humum. 
 
 Me nec femina nec puer 
 a-e. c. i. 5. 9. Jam nec spes animi credula mutui, 30 
 
 si. e. 1. 19. ii. Nec certare juvat mero 
 
 Nec vincire novis tempora floribus. 
 
 33, c - 4 - 10, Sed cur, heu, Ligurine, cur 
 
 34. C 1.13. 6. ' ' to ' 
 
 Manat rara meas lacrima per genas ? 
 Cur facunda parum decoro 35 
 
 Inter verba cadit lingua silentio ? 
 Nocturnis ego somniis 
 
 Jam captum teneo, jam volucrem sequor 
 Te per gramina Martii 
 
 Campi, te per aquas, dure, volubilis. 40 
 
 
 II. 
 
 i. E. 1. 3. 10. 
 
 Pindartjm quisquis studet semulari, 
 
 Daed. C. 2. 20.13. 
 
 Iule, ceratis ope Dsedalea 
 
 
 Nititur pennis vitreo daturus 
 
 4 C. 1. 1. 15. 
 
 Nomina ponto. 
 
 S . S. 1. 10. 62. 
 
 Monte decurrens velut amnis, imbres 
 
 
 Quem super notas aluere ripas, 
 
 
 Eervet immensusque ruit profundo 
 
 
 Pindarus ore ; 
 
 20. Cypria. 22. lyra ; tibia. 40. volubiles. 3. pirmis. B. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. IV. ii. 89 
 
 Laurea donandus Apollinari, Apo.c. 3. 30. 15. 
 
 Seu per audaces nova dithyrambos . 
 Verba devolvit numerisque fertur 
 Lege solutis : 
 
 Seu deos regesve canit, deorum 13- a. p. 83. 
 Sanguinem, per quos cecidere justa 
 
 Morte Centauri, cecidit tremendae ti c h 18 8 
 
 Flamma Chimaerse : l6 - c - *■ 27 - 24 - 
 
 2. 17. 13. 
 
 Sive quos Elea domum reducit 
 Palma cselestis, pugilemve equumve 
 
 Dicit et centum potiore signis c 4 8 13 
 
 Munere donat : 
 
 3. 30. 1. 
 
 Flebili sponsse juvenemve raptum 
 Plorat, et vires animumque moresque 
 Aureos educit in astra, nigroque 23 c 4 8 2 s. 
 
 Invidet Orco. 
 
 Multa Dircseum levat aura cycnuru, cy C . c. 4. 3. 20. 
 
 Tendit, Antoni, quotiens in altos 
 Nubium tractus : ego, apis Matinse 
 More niodoque, 
 
 Grata carpentis thyma per laborem tk y . e. 1. 3. 21. 
 
 Plurimum circa nemus uvidique uvi - c - 3- 29. 6. 
 
 Tiburis ripas operosa parvus *""• c - l - 6 - 9 - 
 Carmina fingo. 
 
 Concines majore poeta plectro ple ' c " 2 ' 13.^7. 
 
 Csesarem, quandoque trahet feroces 34- c. 2. 12. 10. 
 Per sacrum clivum merita decorus 
 
 Fronde Sygambros : fr0 , c . 4. 3. 7. 
 
 Q,uo nihil majus meliusve terris 37- e. 2. 1. 17. 
 
 Fata donavere bonique divi, 
 Nec dabunt, quamvis redeant in aurum 
 Tempora priscum. 
 
 18. caelestes. 
 
 div. C 4. 5. 1. 
 
( J0 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 Concines laetosque dies, et Urbis 
 Publicum ludum super impetrato 
 Fortis Augusti reditu, forumque 
 Litibus orbum. 
 
 Tum mese (si quid loquar audiendum) 45 
 
 Yocis accedet bona pars : et, u O Sol 
 pui. c. 4. 4. 39. Pulcher, o laudande/' canam, recepto 
 
 Csesare felix. 
 
 Teque, dum procedit, (C Io triumpbe \" 
 Non semel dicemus, "Io triumphe !" 50 
 
 Civitas omnis, dabimusque divis 
 Thura benignis. 
 
 Te decem tauri totidemque vaccse, 
 S4. c. 2. 17. 32. Me tener solvet vitulus, relicta 
 
 Matre qui largis juvenescit herbis 55 
 
 In mea vota, 
 
 Fronte curvatos imitatus ignes 
 Tertium Lunse referentis ortum, 
 Qua notam duxit niveus videri, 
 
 Cetera fulvus. 60 
 
 III. 
 
 Quem tu, Melpomene, semel 
 
 Nascentem placido lumine videris, 
 Illum non labor Isthmius 
 
 Clarabit pugilenx, non equus impiger 
 A - P- 84- Curru ducet Achaico 5 
 
 Dei. c. 4. 2. 9. Victorem, neque res bellica Deliis 
 
 3.30.15. 
 
 7. c. 4. 2. 35. Ornatum ioliis ducein, 
 
 Quod regum tumidas contuderit minas, 
 Ostendet Capitolio : 
 io. c. 4. 2. 30. Sed quse Tibur aquae fertile praefluunt, . 10 
 
 58. orbem. 60. falvos, B. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. IV. iv. 91 
 
 Et spissae nemorum comae, 
 
 Fingent iEolio carmine nobilem. I2, c - 3 - 30 - 13 - 
 
 Romse principis urbium x 3- c 4. u.u. 
 
 Dignatur suboles inter amabiles 
 15 Vatum ponere me choros : I& - c - L *■ 35 - 
 
 Et jam dente minus mordeor invido. l6 - c - 2 - 20 4 - 
 
 O testudinis aurese 
 
 Dulcem quse strepitum, Pierl, temperas, is. c. i. 21. 4. 
 
 O, mutis quoque piscibus 
 20 Donatura cycni, si libeat, sonum, 
 
 Totum muneris hoc tuist, 
 
 Quod monstror digito praetereuntium 
 Romanse fidicen lyrae : 23. e. 1. 19. 33. 
 
 Quod spiro et placeo, (si placeo,) tuum est. m. c. 4. 6. 29. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Qualem ministrum fulminis alitem, 
 Cui rex deorum regnum in aves vagas 
 Permisit, expertus fidelem 
 
 Juppiter in Ganymede flavo, 4. c. 3. 20. ie. 
 
 Olim juventas et patrius vigor 
 Nido laborum propulit inscium : 
 Vernique, jam nimbis remotis, 
 
 Insolitos docuere nisus ■*■ c - 4 - 2 - 3 - 
 
 Venti paventem : mox in ovilia 
 Demisit hostem vividus impetus : 
 Nunc in reluctantes dracones 
 Egit amor dapis atque pugnae : 
 
 Qualemve lsetis caprea pascuis 
 
 Intenta fulvae matris ab ubere 
 
 Jam lacte depulsum leonem, 
 
 Dente novo peritura, vidit : 
 
 15. C 1. 23. 10. 
 
 21. tui est. 24. ? tuumst. 
 
9? Q. HORATl FLACCl 
 
 Videre Rsetis bella sub Alpibue 
 Drusum gerentem Vindclici : quibus 
 Mos unde deductus per omne 
 
 Tempus Amazonia securi 20 
 
 Dextras obarmet, qucerere distuli : 
 Nec scire fas est omnia : sed diu 
 Lateque victrices catervse, 
 Consiliis juvenis revictse, 
 
 sen. c. 2. 7. io. Sensere, quid mens rite, quid indoles 25 
 
 4. 0. 3. 
 
 Nutrita faustis sub penetralibus, 
 Posset, quid Augusti paternus 
 In pueros animus Nerones. 
 
 29. c. 3. 6. 33. Fortes creantur fortibus et bonis ; 
 
 Est in juvencis, est in equis patrum 30 
 
 Virtus : neque imbellem feroces 
 Progenerant aquilse columbam. 
 
 Doctrina sed vim promovet insitam., 
 Rectique cultus pectora roborant ; 
 
 Utcumque defecere mores, 35 
 
 Indecorant bene nata culpse. 
 
 Quid debeas, o Roma_, Neronibus, 
 Testis Metaurum flumen, et Hasdrubal 
 Devictus, et pulcber fugatis 
 
 Ille dies Latio tenebris, 40 
 
 Qui primus alma risit adorea, 
 dir. c. 2. 12. 2. Dirus per urbes Afer ut Italas, 
 
 ut, e p . 7'. 19. 36 ' Ceu fiamma per tsedas, vel Eurus 
 
 Per Siculas equitavit undas. 
 
 Post lioc secundis usque laboribus 45 
 
 Romana pubes crevit, et impio 
 Vastata Poenorum tumultu 
 Fana deos habuere rectos : 
 
 17. Rfeti et Vin. 36. cleclecorant. 
 
 cre. C. 4. 15. 14. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. IV. iv. 93 
 
 Dixitque tandem perfidus Hannibal : 
 50 " Cervr, luporum prseda rapacium, s°> °- *• 15 - 29 - 
 
 Sectamur ultro, quos opimus 
 Fallere et effugere est triumphus. 
 
 " Gens, quse cremato fortis ab Ilio te- c. 1. 15. 36. 
 
 Jactata Tuscis sequoribus sacra, 
 55 Natosque maturosque patres 
 
 Pertulit Ausonias ad urbes, 
 
 1 ' Duris ut ilex tonsa bipennibus 
 Nigrae feraci frondis in Algido, * 8, c - f |J- 10 - 
 
 Per damna, per csedes, ab ipso 
 60 Ducit opes animumque ferro. 
 
 " Non Hydra secto corpore firmior 
 Vinci dolentem crevit in Herculem : «•«. <ioi. c.i.6.6. 
 
 Monstrumve submisere Colchi 
 Majus, Echioniteve Thebse. 
 
 65 " Merses profundo, pulchrior evenit : 
 Luctere, multa proruet integrum 
 Cum laude victorem, geretque 
 Prcelia conjugibus loquenda. 
 
 " Cartbagini jam non ego nuntios 
 70 Mittam superbos ; occidit, occidit 
 Spes omnis et fortuna nostri 
 
 Nominis, Hasdrubale interempto. 
 
 c ' Nil Claudiae nou perficient manus : 
 Quas et benigno numine Juppiter 
 75 Defendit, et curse sagaces 
 
 Expediunt per acuta belli." 
 
 73. perficiunt. 
 
94 Q. IIORATI FLJCCJ 
 
 V. 
 
 bon. c. 4. 2. 39. Divis orte bonis, optime Romulae 
 
 cus. c. 4. 14. 43; Custos gentis, abes jam nimium diu : 
 
 Maturum reditum pollicitus Patrum 
 Sancto concilio, redi. 
 
 Lucem redde tuse, dux bone, patrise : 5 
 
 Instar veris enim vultus ubi tuus 
 Affulsit populo, gratior it dies, 
 Et soles melius nitent. 
 
 Ut mater juvenem, quem Notus invido 
 Car. c. i. 35. 8. Elatu Carpathii trans maris sequora 10 
 
 Cunctantem spatio longius annuo 
 Dulci distinet a domo, 
 
 Votis ominibusque et precibus vocat, 
 Curvo nec faciem litore dimovet : 
 Sic desideriis icta fidelibus 15 
 
 Quserit patria Csesarem. 
 
 Tutus bos etenim rura perambulat, 
 18. c. 4. 15. 5. Nutrit rura Ceres, almaque Faustitas, 
 
 Pacatum volitant per mare navitse, 
 
 Culpari metuit Eides : 20 
 
 21. c. 3. 6. 18. Nullis polluitur casta domus stupris, 
 
 22. c. 3. 24. 35. Mos et lex maculosum edomuit nefas, 
 
 Laudantur simili prole puerperae,, 
 
 Culpam Pcena premit comes. 
 25. c. 1. 26. 4. Quis Parthum paveat? quis gelidum Scythen ? 
 
 3. 8. 23. 
 
 26 e s i| 5 7 Quis Germania quos horrida parturit 26 
 
 Fetus, incolumi Csesare ? quis ferse 
 Bellum curet Hiberiae ? 
 
 28. C 4. 14. 50. 
 
 Condit quisque diem collibus in suis, 
 
 30. e p . 2. 9. Et vitem viduas ducit ad arbores : 30 
 
 c. 2. 15. 4. 
 
 14. demovet. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. IV. vi. 95 
 
 Hinc ad vina redit lsetus, et alteris 
 Te mensis adhibet deum : 
 
 Te mnlta prece, te prosequitur mero 
 Defuso pateris, et Laribns tnum 
 35 Miscet numen, uti Grsecia Castoris $$• c - 3- * 2, 9 25 - 
 
 Et magni memor Herculis. 4 ' 8l 29, 
 
 Longas o utinam, dnx bone, ferias 
 
 Prsestes Hesperiae ! dicimus integro 
 
 Sicci mane die, dicimus uvidi, sic. s. 2. 3:281. 
 
 uvi. c. 1. 7. 22. 
 40 Cum Sol oceano subest. 2. 19. is. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Dfve, quem proles Niobea magnse 
 
 Vindicem linguse, Tityosque raptor, Tit c 3 4> 77 
 
 Sensit, et Trojse prope victor altae c 2 4 10 
 
 Phthius Achilles, 
 
 Ceteris major, tibi miles impar ; 
 
 Eilius quamvis Thetidis marinae 6. c. 1. 8. 14. 
 
 Dardanas turres quateret tremenda 
 Cnspide pugnax. 
 
 Ille, mordaci velut icta ferro 
 
 Pinus, aut impulsa cupressus Euro, 
 
 Procidit late posuitque collum in 
 
 Pulvere Teucro. „ , ,„ „ 
 
 12. c. 1. 15. 20. 
 
 Ille non inclusus equo Minervse 
 
 Sacra mentito male feriatos 
 
 Troas et lsetam Priami choreis 
 
 Falleret aulam; 
 
 Sed palam captis gravis, heu nefas ! heu ! 
 
 Nescios fari pueros Achivis lS .c. 1. 15. 35. 
 
 31. venit. 34. diffuso. 6. quamquam ; Thetidos. 
 
 12 
 
Dau. C. 3. 30.11 
 lev. C. 1. 21. 2. 
 
 96 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 Urcrct flammis, etiam latentcm 
 
 Matris in alvo : 20 
 
 Ni, tuis victus Venerisque gratae 
 
 Vocibus, divom pater adnuisset 
 reb. c. i. 2. 26. Rebus iEnese potiore ductos 
 
 aii. c. 3. 3. 6i. Alite muros. 
 
 Doctor argutae fidicen Thaliae, 25 
 
 25. c. 3. 4. 6i. Phcebe,, qui Xantho lavis amne crines, 
 
 Daunise defende decus Camense, 
 Levis Agyieu. 
 
 29. c. 2. 16. 38. Spiritum Phoebus mihi, Phcebus artem 
 
 30. c. 4. 3. 15. Carminis, nomenque dedit poetae. 30 
 
 Virginum primse, puerique claris 
 Patribus orti, 
 
 DeliiE tutela dese, fugacis 
 34. 0. 1. 12. 22. Lyncas et cervos cohibentis arcu, 
 
 ty«.C.2.13.40. . 
 
 Lesbium servate pedem, meique 35 
 
 36. a. p. 274. Pollicis ictum, 
 
 RAte Latonse puerum canentes, 
 Rite crescentem face Noctilucam, 
 Prosperam fruguin, celeremque pronos 
 
 Volvere menses. 40 
 
 Nupta jam dices : Ego dis amicum, 
 Saeculo festas referente luces, 
 43 . c 4 u 3s Eeddidi carmen, docilis modorum 
 
 Vatis Horati. 
 
 VII. 
 
 1. c. 1. 4. 1. Diffugere nives : redeunt iam gramina campis. 
 
 4. 12. 3. 
 
 Arboribusque comse : 
 
 21. flexus. 25. Duclor Argivae. 33. fugaces. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. IV. viii. m 
 
 Mutat terra vices, et deerescentia ripas 
 
 Flumina prsetereunt : 
 5 Gratia cum Nymphis geminisque sororibus audet $. c. 3. 19. 17. 
 
 Ducere nuda choros. 
 Immortalia ne speres, monet Annus et almum 
 
 Quse rapit Hora diem. 
 Frigora mitescunt Zephyris, Ver proterit iEstas P ro. c. 3. 5. 34. 
 10 Interitura, simul 
 
 Pomifer Autumnus frages effuderit ; et mox 
 
 Bruma recurrit iners. 
 Damna tamen celeres reparant cselestia lunse : 
 
 Nos, ubi decidimus, 
 15 Quo pater iEneas, quo dives Tullus et Ancus, i5 .e. 1. e. 27. 
 
 Pulvis et umbra sumus. 
 Quis scit, an adiciant hodiernse crastina summee 17. c. 1. 9. 13. 
 
 Tempora di superi ? 
 Cuncta manus avidas fuerient heredis, amico her. c. 2. 3. 20. 
 
 Q 94, fi9 
 
 20 Quae dederis animo. s. 2. 3. '251.* 
 
 Cum semel occideris, et de te splendida Minos Min c x 28 9> 
 
 Fecerit arbitria : 
 Non, Torquate, genus, non te facundia, non te 23< c . 2 ;u. 2. 
 Restituet pietas. 
 25 Infernis neque enim tenebris Diana pudicum 
 Liberat Hippolytum : 
 Nec Lethsea valet Theseus abrumpere caro 
 Vincula Pirithoo. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Donarem pateras grataque conimodus, com _ e. 2. 1.227. 
 
 Censorine, meis sera sodalibus ; 
 Donarem tripodas, prsemia fortium 
 Graiorum ; neque tu pessima munerum 
 
 13. celeris, B. mcde. 15. pius. 17. adjiciant ; vitge. 
 
( J8 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 art. e. i. c. 17. Ferres, divite me scilicct artium, 5 
 
 Quas aut Parrhasius protulit, aut Scopas, 
 Hic saxo, liquidis ille coloribus 
 
 von. a. r. 31. Sollers nunc hominem ponere, nunc deum. 
 
 vis, c. 4. ii. i. Sed non hsec mihi vis : nec tibi talium 
 
 Kes est aut animus deliciarum egens. 10 
 
 Gaudes carminibus ; carmina possumus 
 Donare, et pretium dicere muneri. 
 
 i 3 . c. 4. 2. 19. Non incisa notis marmora publicis, 
 
 Per quse spiritus et vita redit bonis 
 Post mortem ducibus ; non celeres fugse, 15 
 Rejectseque retrorsum Hannibalis minse, 
 Non incendia Carthaginis impia3, 
 
 ^Ep.V^s. 6 ' Ejus, qui domita nomen ab Africa 
 
 Lucratus rediit, clarius indicant 
 Laudes, quam Calabra3 Pierides : neque, 20 
 
 Si charta3 sileant, quod bene feceris, 
 
 m. c. 3. 3. 32. Mercedem tuleris. Quid foret Ilise 
 
 Mavortisque puer, si taciturnitas 
 
 24. c. 4. 9. 33. Obstaret meritis invida Romuli ? 
 
 Ereptum Stygiis fluctibus iEacum 25 
 
 Virtus et favor et lingua potentium 
 Vatum divitibus consecrat insulis. 
 
 28. c. 4. 2. 23. Dignum laude virum Musa vetat mori : 
 
 Ca^io Musa beat. Sic Jovis interest 
 
 30 . c. 3. 3. 9. Optatis epulis impiger Hercules : 30 
 
 31. c. 1. 3.2; Clarum Tyndarida3 sidus ab infimis 
 
 12.25. . . 
 
 Quassas eripiunt a^quonbus rates : 
 
 33. c. 3. 25. 20. Ornatus viridi tempora pampino 
 
 Liber vota bonos ducit ad exitus. 
 
 9. non. 34. duxit. 
 
CABMINUM LIB. IV. ix. 99 
 
 IX. 
 
 Ne forte credas interitura ; quse, 
 
 Longe sonantem natus ad Aufidum, 2. c. 3. 30. 10. 
 
 ' ? ' ' 4.14.25. 
 
 Non ante volgatas per artes 3 . c. 3. 1. 2. 
 
 Verba loquor socianda chordis ; 
 5 Non, si priores Mseonius tenet 
 
 Sedes Homerus, Pindaricse latent, 
 
 Ceseque, et Alcsei minaces, Ce<e, c. 2. 1. 27. 
 
 . . min. C. 2. 13. 31. 
 
 Stesichorique graves Camense : 
 
 Nec, si quid olim lusit Anacreon, Ana. c. 1. 17. is. 
 
 10 Delevit setas : spirat adhuc amor, 
 Vivuntque commissi calores 
 iEoliae fidibus puellse. " 
 
 Non sola comptos arsit adulteri I3 . c. 3. 24. 20. 
 
 Crines, et aurum vestibus illitum ,-«, E 2. 1. 204. 
 
 15 Mirata, regalisque cultus 
 
 Et comites Helene Lacsena : 
 
 Primusve Teucer tela Cydonio Teu. c. 1. 7. 21. 
 
 -p.. ., :_.. tyd.C.l.15.17. 
 
 Direxit arcu : non semel Ilios 
 Vexata : non pugnavit ingens 
 20 , Idomeneus Sthenelusve solus sa. c. 1. 15. 24. 
 
 Dicenda Musis proelia : non ferox 
 Hector, vel acer Deiphobus gravis 
 Excepit ictus pro pudicis 
 
 Conjugibus puerisque primus. Bee. c. 2. 4. 10. 
 
 3. 3. 28. 
 
 25 Vixere fortes ante Agamemnona 
 Multi : sed omnes illacrimabiles 
 
 Urgentur ignotique longa urg. c. 1. 24. 6. 
 
 Nocte, carent quia vate sacro. 
 
 Paulum sepultse distat inertise 
 30 Celata virtus. Non ego te meis 
 
 3, vulgatas, 15, regales. 18. ? derexit. 22. graves. 
 27, urguentur. 
 
100 Q. IWRATI FLACCI 
 
 Chartis inornatum silcbo, 
 Totve tuos patiar labores 
 uv. c. 4. 8. zi. Impune, Lolli, carpere lividas 
 
 Obliviones. Est animus tibi 
 
 Rerumque prudens, et secundis 35 
 
 rec. s. 2. 3. 2oi. Temporibus dubiisque rectus : 
 
 Vindex avarae fraudis, et abstinens 
 Ducentis ad se cuncta pecuniae : 
 Consulque non unius anni, 
 
 Sed quoties bonus atque fidus 40 
 
 Judex honestum praetulit utilr, 
 Rejecit alto dona nocentium 
 Vultu, per obstantes catervas 
 Explicuit sua victor arma. 
 
 4$. c. 2. 2. ls. Non possidentem multa vocaveris 45 
 
 Recte beatum ; rectius occupat 
 Nomen beati, qui deorum 
 Muneribus sapienter uti, 
 49. c. 3. 2. i. Duramque callet pauperiem pati, 
 
 <o c 3 24 24 Pejusque leto flagitium timet ; 50 
 
 Non ille pro caris amicis 
 53. c. 3. 19. 2. Aut patria timidus perire. 
 
 X. 
 
 O crudelis adhuc, et Veneris muneribus potens, 
 Insperata tuae cum veniet pluma superbiae, 
 Et quse nunc umeris involitant, deciderint comae, 
 Nunc et qui color est puniceae flore prior rosae, 
 Mutatus Ligurinum in faciem verterit hispidam : 
 Dices, Heu ! quotiens te speculo videris alterum, 
 Quae mens est hodie, cur eadem non puero fuit ? 
 Vel cur his animis incolumes non redeunt genae ? 
 
 his. c. 2. 9. 1. 
 
 V- E. 1. 1. 4. 
 
 31. sileri. 41, 43, utili et et per. 3. humeris. 
 
 5, Ligurine, Bent. k. 8. incolumis, B. 6. in speculo. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. IV. xi. 101 
 
 XI. 
 
 Est mihi nonum superantis annum 
 
 Plenus Albani cadus ; est in horto, Aib. s. 2. 8. 16. 
 
 Phylli, nectendis apium coronis : 3 c. 1. 36. ie. 
 
 -r^ i t • 2.7.24. 
 
 Est nederse vis 
 
 5 Multa, qua crinis religata fulges ; 
 
 Eidet argento domus ; ara castis 6. e. 1. 5. 7. 
 
 Vincta verbenis avet immolato 
 Spargier agno : 
 
 Cuncta festinat manus, huc et illuc 
 10 Cursitant mixtae pueris puellse ; 
 
 Sordidum flammse trepidant rotantes u. s. 1. 5. 73. 
 
 Vertice fumum. 
 
 Ut tamen noris, quibus advoceris 
 
 Gaudiis, Idus tibi sunt agendae, gau. c. 4. 12. 21. 
 
 15 Qui dies mensem Veneris marinae mar. c. 3. 26. 5. 
 Eindit Aprilem : 
 
 Jure sollemnis mihi, sanctiorque 
 Psene natali proprio, quod ex hac 
 Luce Msecenas meus affluentis 
 20 Ordinat annos. 
 
 Telephum, quem tu petis, occupavit, *«'■ c - j- 33. 13. 
 
 Non tuse sortis juvenem, puella 
 Dives et lasciva, tenetque grata 
 
 Compede vinctum. 24 . c . h 33 . 14> 
 
 25 Terret ambustus Phaethon avaras 
 
 Spes : et exemplum grave praebet ales 
 
 Pegasus, terrenum equitem gravatus p eg . c. 1. 27. 24. 
 
 Bellerophontem : Bel c 3 12 n 
 
 Semper ut te digna sequare, et ultra 
 30 Quam licet sperare nefas putando 
 
 5. crines. 19. affluentes. 
 
102 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 Disparem vites. Age jam, meorum 
 Finis amorum — 
 
 Non enim posthac alia calebo 
 Femina, — condisce modos, amanda 
 red. c. 4. 7. 43. Voce quos reddas ; minuentur atrse 35 
 
 Carmine curse. 
 
 XII. 
 
 ver. c. i. 23. 5. J AM Veris comites, quse mare temperant, 
 
 Thr - E P !'i3 5 '3 n * Impellunt animse lintea Thracise ; 
 
 Jam nec prata rigent, nec fluvii strepunt 
 Hiberna nive turgidi. 
 
 s . e. 1. 7. 13. Nidum ponit, Ityn flebiliter gemens, 5 
 
 Infeiix avis et Ceeropiae domus 
 iEternum opprobrium, quod male barbaras 
 Regum est ulta libidines. 
 
 Dicunt in tenero gramine pinguium 
 Custodes ovium carmina fistula, 10 
 
 Delectantque deuin, cui pecus et nigri 
 Colles Arcadise placent. 
 
 i 3 . c. 3. 29. 20. Adduxere sitim tempora, Virgili ; 
 
 cai. c. 1. 20. 9; Sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum 
 
 31. 9. r 
 
 Si gestis, juvenum nobilium cliens, 15 
 
 nar. c. 2. ii. 16. Nardo vina merebere. 
 
 Nardi parvus onyx eliciet cadum, 
 i 9 . c. 3. 2i. 17. Qui nunc Sulpiciis accubat horreis 
 
 E. 1. 5. 16. x 
 
 20. c. 3. 12. 3. Spes donare novas largus, amaraque 
 
 Curarum eluere efncax. 20 
 
 Ad quse si properas gaudia, cum tua 
 Velox merce veni : non ego te meis 
 Immunem meditor tingere poculis, 
 Plena dives ut in domo. 
 
 35. niinuuntur. 8. ? regumst. 11. delectante. 13. Vergili. 
 23. tinguere. 
 
CARMINUM LIB. IV. xiii. 103 
 
 25 Verum pone moras et studium lucri, 25. c. 1. 29. 5. 
 Nigrorumque memor, dum licet, ignium, 
 Misce stultitiam consiliis brevem : 
 
 Dulce est desipere in loco. 28. c. 2. 7 .28 
 
 *■ o. ly. io. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 Audivere, Lyce, di mea vota, di 
 Audivere, Lyce. Fis anus, et tamen 
 Vis formosa videri, 
 
 Ludisque et bibis impudens, 4. e. 2. 2. 214. 
 
 5 Et cantu tremulo pota Cupidinem 
 
 Lentum sollicitas. Ille virentis et vir. c. 1. 9. 17. 
 
 Ep. 13. 4. 
 
 Doctse psallere Chiae 
 
 Pulchris excubat in genis. 
 
 Importunus enim transvolat aridas a H. c. 1. 25. 19. 
 
 10 Quercus, et refugit te, quia luridi 
 Dentes, te quia rugas 
 Turpant et capitis nives. 
 
 Nec Coa3 referunt jam tibi purpurse, c 2 16 7 
 
 Nec clari lapides tempora, quse semel 
 15 Notis condita fastis 
 
 Inclusit volucris dies. 
 
 16. C 3. 28. 6. 
 
 Quo fugit Venus ? heu ! quove color ? decens 
 Quo motus ? quid habes illius, illius, 
 Qua3 spirabat Amores, 
 20 Quse me surpuerat mihi, 
 
 Felix post Cinaram notaque et artium pos. c. s. 9. e 
 
 r u Cin. C 4. 10. 4. 
 
 Gratarum facies ? Sed Cinarse brevis 
 Annos fata dederunt, 
 Servatura diu parem 
 
 28. ? dulcest. 14. cari. 17. color deceus ? 22. breves. 
 
104 Q. IIORATI FLACCL 
 
 Comicis vetulae temporibus Lycen 
 fer. a. p. 116. Possent ut juvenes visere fervidi, 
 
 Multo non sine riso, 
 
 Dilapsam in cineres facem. 
 
 XIV. 
 
 Qu,e cura Patrum,, quaeve Quiritium, 
 Plenis honorum muneribus tuas_, 
 Auguste, virtutes in sevum 
 tu. c. 3. 24. 28. Per titulos memoresque fastos 
 
 iEternet, O, qua sol habitabiles 5 
 
 Illustrat oras, maxime principum ? 
 Quem legis expertes Latinse 
 Vindelici didicere nuper, 
 
 Quid Marte posses. Milite nam tuo 
 Drusus Genaunos, implacidum genus, 10 
 
 arc e. 2. i. 252. Breunosque veloces, et arces 
 
 Alpibus impositas tremendis, 
 
 Dejecit acer plus vice simplici; 
 Major Neronum mox grave proelram 
 
 Commisit, immanesque Raetos 15 
 
 aus. e. 2. l. 25i. Auspiciis pepulit secundis : 
 
 Spectandus in certamine Martio, 
 Devota morti pectora liberse 
 Quantis fatigaret ruinis : 
 
 Indomitas prope qualis undas 20 
 
 Exercet Auster, Pleiadum choro 
 Scindente nubes : impiger hostinm 
 c 3 2 4 Vexare turmas,, et frementem 
 
 ian c. 2. i. 7. Mittere equum medios per ignes. 
 
 E. 1. 1. 46. 
 
 S. 2. 3. 56. or> , . . c . 
 
 28. delapsum. 4. fastus. 
 
CARMimiM LIB. IV. xv. 105 
 
 25 Sic tauriformis volvitur Aufidus *s. c. 3. 30.^11. 
 
 Qui regna Dauni prsefluit Apuli, pr<e. c. 4. 3. 10. 
 Cum saevit, horrendamque cultis 
 
 Diluviem meditatur agris : 28. c. 3. 29. 40. 
 
 Ut barbarorum Claudius agmina 
 30 Ferrata vasto diruit impetu, ' 
 
 Primosque et extremos metendo 
 Stravit humum, sine clade victor, 
 
 Te copias, te consilium et tuos 
 Praebente divos. Nam, tibi quo die 
 35 Portus Alexandrea supplex 
 
 Et vacuam patefecit aulam, 
 
 Fortuna lustro prospera tertio llls - °- \ *; |f • 
 Belli secundos reddidit exitus, 
 
 Laudemque et optatum peractis per. c. s. 27. 
 40 Imperiis decus arrogavit. 
 
 Te Cantaber non ante domabilis, 41. c. 2. 6. 2. 
 
 Medusque, et Indus, te profugus Scythes 42 . c. 1.12.54,06. 
 Miratur, o tutela prsesens 
 
 ItaliaB domimeque Romse : dom. c. 4. 3. 13. 
 
 1 E. 1. 7. 44. 
 
 45 Te, fontium qui celat origines, 
 
 Nilusque, et Hister, te rapidus Tigris, 
 
 Te beluosus qui remotis Ifm^ch HA. 
 
 Obstrepit Oceanus Britannis : 
 
 Te non paventis funera Galliae 
 50 Durseque tellus audit Hiberise 5 mi. c. 4. 5. 28. 
 
 Te csede gaudentes Sygambri Syg% c 4 2 m 
 
 Compositis venerantur armis. 
 
 XV. 
 
 Phcebus volentem proelia me loqui 
 Victas et urbes, increpuit lyra : 
 
 28. minitatur. 46. Ister. 
 
106 Q. IIORATI FLACCI CARM. 
 
 Ne parva Tyrrhcnum pcr oequor 
 Vela darcm. Tua, Caesar, setas 
 
 i. c. 4. 5. 18. Fruges et agris rettulit uberes, 5 
 
 jov. c. 3. 5. 12. Et signa nostro rcstituit Jovi, 
 
 7. e. 1. 18. 56. Derepta Parthorum superbis 
 
 Postibus, et vacuum duellis 
 
 Janum Quirini clausit, et ordinem 
 10. c. 3. 24. 29. Rectum evaganti frena Licentise 10 
 
 Injecit, emovitque culpas, 
 12. s. 1. 4. 117. Et veteres revocavit artes : 
 
 C2. 15. 12. 
 
 Per quas Latinum nomen et Italae 
 Crevere vires, famaque et imperi 
 15. c. 3. 3. 45. Porrecta majestas ad ortus 15 
 
 Solis ab Hesperio cubili. 
 
 i^. c. 3. 14. 14. Custode rerum Caesare, non furor 
 
 4.5.2. ... . . 
 
 dv. c. 3. 3. 2. Civilis aut vis exiget otium, 
 
 19. c. 1. 35. 39. Non ira, quae procudit enses, 
 
 Et miseras inimicat urbes. 20 
 
 Non, qui profundum Danubium bibunt, 
 Edicta rumpent Julia, non Getse, 
 23. c. 3. 29. 27. Non Seres, infidive Persse, 
 
 Non Tanain prope flumen orti. 
 
 Nosque et profestis lucibus et sacris, 25 
 
 Inter jocosi munera Liberi, 
 
 Cum prole matronisque nostris, 
 Bite deos prius apprecati, 
 
 Virtute functos, more patrum, duces, 
 Lydis remixto carmine tibiis, 30 
 
 Trojamque et Anchisen et almse 
 Progeniem Veneris canemus. 
 
 15. orturn. 18. eximet. 21. Danuvium, K. (Op. Or. ad Tac. An. 
 
 ii. 63.) 
 
107 
 
 CARMEN S^CULARE. 
 
 Ph(EBE^ silvarumque potens Diana, pot. c. 1. 3. 1. 
 
 Lucidum cseli decus, o colendi 
 Semper et culti, date, quae precamur 
 Tempore sacro : 
 
 5 Quo Sibyllini monuere versus 
 Yirgines lectas puerosque castos 
 
 Dis, quibus septem placuere colles, pfa c. 4. 12. 11. 
 
 Dicere carmen. 
 
 Alme Sol, curru nitido diem qui 
 10 Promis et celas, aliusque et idem 
 Nasceris, possis nihil urbe Roma 
 Visere majus. 
 
 Rite maturos aperire partus 
 LeniSj llithyia, tuere matres : 
 15 Sive tu Lucina probas vocari, 
 Seu Genitalis. 
 
 Diva_, producas subolem, Patrumque 
 Prosperes decreta super jugandis 
 Feminis, prolisque novae feraci 
 20 Lege marita : 
 
 5. quod. 
 
108 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Ccrtus undenos dccics per annos 
 Orbis ut cantus refcratque ludos, 
 Ter die claro, totiensque grata 
 Nocte frequentes. 
 25. c. 2. 16. 39. Vosque veraces cecinisse, Parcae, 25 
 
 Quod semel dictum est, stabilisque rerum 
 Terminus servat, bona jam peractis 
 Jungite fata. 
 
 Fertilis fruguni pecorisque Tellus 
 Spicea donet Cererem corona : 30 
 
 3 t. e. 2. 1. 135. Nutriant fetus et aquse salubres, 
 
 Et Jovis aurae. 
 
 Condito mitis placidusque telo 
 Supplices audi pueros, Apollo : 
 35. 0. 1. 12. 48. Siderum regina bicornis, audi, 35 
 
 Luna, puellas. 
 
 Roma si vestrum est opus_, Iliseque 
 Etr. c. 1. 2. 14. Litus Etruscum tenuere turmae, . 
 
 Jussa pars mutare Lares et urbem 
 
 Sospite cursu : 40 
 
 sin.fr. c .2.19.20. Q u [ p er ardentem sine fraude Troiam 
 
 41. c. 4. 4. 53. J - J 
 
 Castus iEneas patrias superstes 
 Liberum munivit iter, daturus 
 Plura relictis : 
 
 Di, probos mores docili juventse, 45 
 
 Di, senectuti placidse quietem, 
 Rom. c. 4. 5. i. Eomulse genti date remque prolemque 
 
 Et decus omne. 
 
 Quseque vos bobus veneratur albis 
 <o. c. 4. 15. 32. Clarus Anchisse Venerisque sanguis, 50 
 
 P ri. s. 2. 5. 30. Impetret, bellante prior, jacentem 
 
 Lenis in hostem. 
 
 26. ? dictumst. 27. servet. 37. ? vestrumst. 49. quique. 
 51. imperet. 
 
CARMEN S^JCULARE. 109 
 
 Jam mari terraque manus potentes 
 Medus, Albanasque timet secures : 
 Jam Scythae responsa petunt, superbi 
 Nuper, et Tndi. 
 
 Jam Fides, et Pax, et Honor, Pudorque n. c. 1. 24 6. 
 
 Priscus_, et neglecta redire Virtus 
 Audet : apparetque beata pleno 
 
 Copia cornu. 6o - % \ % l * 
 
 Augur, et fulgente decorus arcu 6r . c. 1^3. 32! 
 
 Phcebus, acceptusque novem Camenis, 
 Qui salutari levat arte fessos 
 Corporis artus. 
 
 Si Palatinas videt sequus arces, 
 Remque Romanam Latiumque felix 
 Alterum in lustrum, meliusque semper 
 Proroget aevum. 
 
 Quseque Aventinum tenet Algidumque, Alg c h 2 i. 6. 
 
 Quindecim Diana preces virorum 
 Curet, et votis puerorum amicas 
 Applicet auris. 
 
 Haec Jovem sentire, deosque cunctos, 
 Spem bonam certamque domum reporto, 
 Doctus et Phcebi chorus et Diance 
 Dicere laudes. 
 
 57. Honos. 65. aras. 68. prorogat. 71. curat. 
 
 72. applicat aures. 
 
 m 
 
110 
 
 Q. HOKATI FLACCI EPODON 
 
 LIBEE. 
 
 I. 
 
 ub. c. i. 37. 30. Ibis Libumis inter alta navium, 
 
 Amice, propugnacula, 
 Paratus omne Csesaris periculum 
 
 Subire, Msecenas, tuo. 
 Quid nos, quibus te vita si superstite 5 
 
 Jucunda, si contra, gravis ? 
 Utrumne jussi persequemur otium, 
 
 Non dulce, ni tecum simul ? 
 An hunc laborem mente laturi, decet 
 
 Qua ferre non molles viros ? 10 
 
 Feremus ; et te vel per Alpium juga, 
 12. c. i. 22. 6. Inhospitalem et Caucasum, 
 
 Vel occidentis usque ad ultimum sinum 
 
 Forti sequemur pectore. 
 Roges, tuum labore quid juvem meo 15 
 
 Imbeliis ac firmus parum ? 
 Comes minore sum futums in metu, 
 
 Qui major absentes habet : 
 Ut assidens implumibus pullis avis 
 
 Serpentium allapsus timet 20 
 
 5. sit. 10. quem. 
 
EPODON II. 111 
 
 Magis relictis ; non_, ut adsit, auxili 
 
 Latura plus praesentibus. 
 Libenter lioc et omne militabitur 
 
 Bellum in tuse spem gratise ; 
 25 Non ut juvencis illigata pluribus 
 
 Aratra nitantur mea : 
 Pecusve Calabris ante sidus fervidum 
 
 Lucana mutet pascuis : 
 Nec ut supemi villa candens Tusculi 
 30 Circsea tangat mcenia. Cir. c. 3. 29. 8. 
 
 Satis superque me benignitas tua 3 i. c. 2. 18. 12. 
 
 . 3. 16. 38. 
 
 Ditavit : haud paravero, 
 CJuod aut avarus ut Chremes terra premam, 
 Discinctus aut perdam nepos. 
 
 II. 
 
 " Beatus ille ; qui procul negotiis, 
 Ut prisca gens mortalium, 
 Paterna rura bobus exercet suis, 
 Solutus omni fenore. 
 5 Neque excitatur classico miles truci, 
 Neque horret iratum mare, 
 Forumque vitat et superba civium 
 
 Potentiorum limina. 
 Ergo aut adulta vitium propagine 
 10 Altas maritat populos, ro . c. 1. 5. 30. 
 
 Aut in reducta valle mugientium 
 
 Prospectat errantes greges ; 
 Inutilisque falce ramos amputans 
 Feliciores inserit ; 
 1 5 Aut pressa puris mella condit amphoris ; 
 Aut tondet infirmas oves ; 
 
 26. meis. 28. pascua, 34. ut nepos. 13. inutilesque. 
 
 K 2 
 
112 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Vel, cum dccorum mitibus pomis caput 
 
 Autumnus agris extulit, 
 Ut gaudet insitiva decerpens pira, 
 ao. c. 2. 5. 12. Certantem et uvam purpurae, 20 
 
 Qua muneretur te, Priape, et te, pater 
 
 Silvane, tutor finium. 
 Libet jacere, modo sub antiqua ilice, 
 24 . c. 2. 3. 6. Modo in tenaci gramine : 
 
 Labuntur altis interim ripis aquae, 25 
 
 Queruntur in silvis aves, 
 Fontesque lymphis obstrepunt manantibus, 
 quo. s. i. 6. 44. Somnos quod invitet leves. 
 
 3 Q. c. 2. io. 15. At cum Tonantis annus hibernus Jovis 
 
 Imbres nivesque comparat, 30 
 
 Aut trudit acris hinc et hinc multa caue 
 
 Apros in obstantis plagas ; 
 Aut amite levi rara tendit retia, 
 
 Turdis edacibus dolos ; 
 Pavidumque leporem, et advenam laqueo gruem, 35 
 
 Jucunda captat prsemia. 
 Quis non malarum, quas amor curas habet, 
 Hsec inter obliviscitur ? 
 pud. c. 3. 5. 4i. Quod si pudica mulier in partem juvet 
 
 Domum atque dulces liberos, 40 
 
 Sab. c. 3. 6. 38. Sabina qualis, aut perusta solibus 
 
 Pernicis uxor Apuli, 
 Sacrum vetustis exstruat lignis focum, 
 
 Lassi sub adventum viri ; 
 Claudensque textis cratibus lsetum pecus, 45 
 
 Distenta siccet ubera ; 
 iwr. c. 3. 23. 3. Et horna dulci vina promens dolio, 
 
 4 8. s. 2. 2. 120. Dapes inemptas apparet : 
 
 49, 50. s. 2. 2.22 ; Non me Lucrina juverint conchylia, 
 
 Magisve rhombus, aut scari, 50 
 
 18. arvis. 25. rivis. 31. acres. 32. obstantes. 43. sacrmn et- 
 
EPODON III. 113 
 
 Si quos Eois intonata fluctibus 
 
 Hiemps ad hoc vertat mare ; 
 Non Afra avis descendat in ventrem meum, 
 
 Non attagen Ionicus 
 55 Jucundior, quam lecta de pinguissimis 
 
 Oliva ramis arborum, 
 Aut herba lapathi prata amantis, et gravi iap. s. 2. 4 29. 
 
 Malvse salubres corpori, 
 Vel agna festis caesa Terminalibus, 
 60 Vel hsedus ereptus lupo. 
 
 Has inter epulas, ut juvat pastas oves 
 
 Videre properantes domum ! 
 Videre fessos vomerem inversum boves 63. c. 3. 6. 43. 
 
 Collo trahentes languido ! 
 65 Positosque vernas, ditis examen domus, ver. s. 2. 6. 66. 
 
 Circum renidentes Lares V* 
 Hsec ubi locutus fenerator Alfius, 
 
 Jam jam futurus rusticus, 
 Omnem redegit Idibus pecuniam — 
 70 Quserit Kalendis ponere. Kai. s. 1. 3. 87. 
 
 r pon. A. P. 421. 
 
 III. 
 
 Parentis olim si quis impia manu 1. c. 2. 13. 5. 
 
 Senile guttur fregerit, 
 Edit cicutis alium nocentius. 
 
 O dura messorum ilia ! 
 5 Quid hoc veneni seevit in prsecordiis ? 
 
 Num viperinus his cruor 
 Incoctus herbis me fefellit ? an malas inc. s. 2. 8. 52. 
 
 Canidia tractavit dapes ? tra. c. 2. 13. 9. 
 
 Ut Argonautas prseter omnes candidum 
 10 Meclea mirata est ducem, me >. c. 4. 9. 15. 
 
 69. relegit. 3. allium. 10. ? rairatast. 
 
114 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 Ignota tauris illigaturum juga, 
 Perunxit hoc Iasonem : 
 dei. Ep. 17. 31. Hoc delibutis ulta donis pellicem, 
 
 Serpente fugit alite. 
 Nec tantus umquam siderum insedit vapor 15 
 
 16. c. 3. 30. n. Siticulosse Apuliae : 
 
 17. e p . 17. 30. Nec munus humeris efficacis Herculis 
 
 Inarsit sestuosius. 
 At, si quid umquam tale concupiveris, 
 
 Jocose Maecenas, precor 20 
 
 Manum puella savio opponat tuo, 
 
 Extrema et in sponda cubet. 
 
 IV. 
 
 iup. Ep. 15. 7. Lupis et agnis quanta sortito obtigit, 
 
 Tecum mihi discordia est, 
 Ibericis peruste funibus latus, 
 
 Et crura dura compede. 
 Licet superbus ambules pecunia, 5 
 
 Fortuna non mutat genus. 
 
 Sac. Ep. 7. 8. Videsne, Sacram metiente te Viam 
 
 s. 1. 9. 1. . 
 
 Cum bis trium ulnarum toga, 
 
 Ut ora vertat huc et huc euntium 
 
 Liberrima indignatio ? 10 
 
 " Sectus nagellis hic Triumviralibus, 
 
 Prseconis ad fastidium, 
 Arat Falerni mille fundi jugera 
 
 Et Appiam mannis terit ; 
 Sedilibusque magnus in primis eques, 15 
 
 Othone contempto, sedet. 
 Quid attinet tot ora navium gravi 
 
 Rostrata duci pondere 
 Contra latrones atque servilem manurn, 
 
 Hoc, hoc tribuno militum ?" 20 
 
 2. ? discordiast; 
 
 App 
 
 . S. 
 
 1. 
 
 5. 6. 
 
 
 E. 
 
 1. 
 
 6. 26; 
 18. 20. 
 
 man 
 
 . C. 
 
 3, 
 
 27. 7. 
 
 
 E. 
 
 1 
 
 .7.77. 
 
 Oth. 
 
 E. 
 
 1. 
 
 1.58. 
 
 ser. 
 
 Ep. 
 
 D, 
 
 10. 
 
BPODON V. 115 
 
 V. 
 
 t{ At, o deorum quidquid in cselo regit 
 Terras et humanum genus ! 
 Quid iste fert tumultus ? aut quid omnium 
 Yoltus in unum me truces ? 
 5 Per iiberos te, si vocata partubus 
 
 Lucina veris adfuit, Luc - c - s - 15 - 
 
 Per hoc inane purpurse decus precor, 
 
 Per improbaturum hsec Jovem, 
 Quid ut noverca me intueris, aut uti 
 10 Petita ferro belua ?"— 
 
 Ut haec trementi questus ore constitit 
 
 Insignibus raptis puer, 
 Impube corpus, quale posset impia 
 Mollire Thracum pectora ; 
 15 Canidia brevibus implicata viperis 
 Crines et incomptum caput, 
 Jubet sepulcris caprificos erutas, 
 
 Jubet cupressus funebris, 
 Et uncta turpis ova ranae sanguine, 
 20 Plumamque nocturnse strigis, 
 
 Herbasque, quas Iolcos atque Hiberia 
 
 Mittit venenorum ferax, 
 Et ossa ab ore rapta jejunae canis, 
 
 Flammis aduri Colchicis. coi. c. 2. 13. 8. 
 
 25 At expedita Sagana, per totam domum 
 Spargens Avernalis aquas, 
 Horret capillis ut marinus asperis 
 
 Echinus, aut currens aper. 
 Abacta nulla Veia conscientia 
 30 Ligonibus duris humum 
 
 Exhauriebat, ingemens laboribus ; 
 Quo posset infossus puer 
 
 15. illigata. 18. cupressos fuuebres. 21. aut. 26. Averaales. 
 
116 Q. HORATl FLJCCI 
 
 Longo die bis terque mutatse dapis 
 
 Inemori spectaculo j 
 Quum promineret ore, quantum exstant aqua 35 
 
 Suspensa mento corpora : 
 Exsucta uti medulla et aridum jccur 
 3 s. e p . 17. 80. Amoris esset poculum, 
 
 Interminato quum semel fixae cibo 
 
 Intabuissent pupulae. 40 
 
 Non defuisse masculse libidinis 
 
 Ariminensem Foliam, 
 FA otiosa credidit Neapolis, 
 
 Et omne vicinum oppidum ; 
 The. c. 1. 27. 21. Quse sidera excantata voce Tbessala 45 
 
 46. Ep.17.5^ 78. Lunamque cselo deripit. 
 
 Hic irresectum sseva dente livido 
 
 Canidia rodens pollicem 
 Quid dixit aut quid tacuit ? " O rebus meis 
 
 Non infideles arbitrse, 50 
 
 Nox et Diana, quse silentium regis, 
 
 Arcana cum fiunt sacra, 
 Nunc, nunc adeste : nunc in hostilis domos 
 
 Iram atque numen vertite. 
 Formidolosis dum latent silvis ferae, 55 
 
 Dulci sopore languidse, 
 Senem, quod omnes rideant, adulterum 
 
 Latrent Suburanse canes, 
 Nardo perunctum, quale non perfectius 
 
 Mese laborarint manus. — 60 
 
 Quid accidit ? cur dira barbarae minus 
 
 Venena Medese valent, 
 63. e p . 3. 14. Quibus superbam fugit ulta pellicem, 
 
 Magni Creontis filiam, 
 Cum palla, tabo munus iinbutunx, novam 65 
 
 Incendio nuptam abstulit ? 
 
 37 exsucca, exusta, exesa v. exesta, exsecta, Hl. A. (extracta.) 
 
 53. hostiles. 55. formidolosaB cum. 60. laborarunt, B. 
 
 63. supcrba, B. — paelicem, B. 65. infectum, B. 
 
EPODON V. 117 
 
 Atqui nec herba, nec latens in asperis 
 
 Radix fefellit me locis. 
 Indormit unctis omnium cubilibus 
 70 Oblivione pellicum. — 
 
 Ah ! ah ! solutus ambulat veneficse 
 
 Scientioris carmine. 
 Non usitatis, Vare, potionibus, 
 O multa fieturum caput ! 
 75 Ad me recurres : nec vocata mens tua C ap. c. i. u. 2. 
 
 Marsis redibit vocibus. 
 Majus parabo, majus ihfundam tibi Mar. Ep. 17. 29. 
 
 Fastidienti poculum. 
 Priusque cselum sidet inferius mari, 
 80 Teliure porrecta super, 
 
 Quam non amore sic meo flagres, uti 
 
 Bitumen atris ignibus." — 
 Sub hsec puer, jam non, ut ante, mollibus 
 Lenire verbis impias ; 
 85 Sed dubius unde rumperet silentium, 
 Misit Thyesteas preces : 
 ' ' Venena magnum fas nefasque non valent Th)J c x 16 17 
 
 Convertere humanam vicem. ven . s. 1. 8. 19. 
 
 Diris agam vos : dira detestatio 
 90 Nulla expiatur victima. 
 
 Quin, ubi perire jussus exspiravero, c x ^ 34 
 
 Nocturnus occurram Furor, 
 Petamque vultus umbra curvis unguibus, 
 Quae vis deorum est Manium ; 
 95 Et inquietis assidens prsecordiis, 
 Pavore somnos auferam. 
 Vos turba vicatim hinc et hinc saxis petens 
 
 Contundet obscenas anus. 
 Post insepulta membra different lupi 
 100 Et Esquilinse alites ; 
 
 94. ? deorumst. 98. contundat, B. 
 
118 Q. HORATI FLACCI 
 
 Ncquc hoc parentcs, hcu mihi superstites, 
 Effugerit spectaculum." 
 
 VI. 
 
 Quid immerentes hospites vexas, canis, 
 
 Ignavus adversum lupos ? 
 Quin huc inanes, si potes, vertis minas, 
 4 . s. 2. 1. 45. Et me remorsurum petis ? 
 
 Moi. s. 2. 6. 114. Nam, qualis aut Molossus, aut fulvus Lacon, 5 
 
 Amica vis pastoribus, 
 Agam per altas aure sublata nives, 
 
 Qusecumque prsecedet fera. 
 Tu, cum timenda voce complesti nemus, 
 
 Projectum odoraris cibum, 10 
 
 Cave, cave : namque in malos asperrimus 
 
 Parata tollo cornua ; 
 Lyc e. 1. 19.25. Qualis Lycambae spretus infido gener, 
 
 Aut acer hostis Bupalo. 
 An, si quis atro dente me petiverit, 15 
 
 Inultus ut flebo puer ? 
 
 VII. 
 
 Quo, quo scelesti ruitis ? aut cur dexteris 
 
 Aptantur enses conditi ? 
 3- c. 2. 1. 33. Parumne campis atque Neptuno super 
 
 Fusum est Latini sanguinis, 
 Non ut superbas invidse Carthaginis 
 
 Komanus arces ureret : 
 
 Intactus aut Britannus ut deseenderet 
 
 Sac.c. 4 2 35. Sacra catenatus Via : 
 
 Ep. 4. 7. 
 
 102. effugerint. vi. 5. Laco. VII. 4. ? fusumst. 
 
 5. Karthaginis. 
 
EPODON VIII. 119 
 
 Sed ut, secundum vota Parthorum, sua 
 10 Urbs hsec periret dextera ? i°- e p- 16 - 2 - 
 
 Neque hic lupis mos, nec fuit leonibus, 
 
 Umquam, nisi in dispar, feris. 
 Furorne csecus, an rapit vis acrior ? 
 An culpa ? responsum date. — 
 15 Tacent ; et albus ora pallor inficit, 
 Mentesque perculsse stupent. 
 Sic est ; acerba fata Romanos agunt, 
 
 Scelusque fraternse necis, 
 Ut immerentis fluxit in terram Remi ut, c. 4. 4. 42. 
 
 20 Sacer nepotibus cruor. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Rogare longo putidam te sseculo, 
 
 Vires quid enervet meas ? 
 Quum sit tibi dens ater, et rugis vetus 
 
 Frontem senectus exaret ; 
 5 Hietque turpis inter aridas nates 
 
 Podex, velut crudse bovis. 
 Sed incitat me pectus, et mammse putres, 
 
 Equina quales ubera ; 
 Venterque mollis, et femur tumentibus, 
 10 Exile suris additum. 
 
 Esto beata, funus atque imagines 
 
 Ducant triumphales tuum ; 
 Nec sit marita, quae rotundioribus 
 
 Onusta bacis ambulet. 
 15 Quid ? quod libelli Stoici inter sericos 
 
 Jacere pulvillos amant : 
 Inlitterati num minus nervi rigent ? 
 
 Minusve languet fascinum ? 
 Quod ut superbo provoces ab inguine, 
 20 Ore allaborandum est tibi. 
 
 VIII. 20. ? aUaborandumst. 
 
120 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 IX. 
 
 c c. i. 20. 9; Quando repostum Csecubum ad fcstas dapcs ,, 
 
 Victore lsetus Csesare, 
 Tecum sub alta, sic Jovi gratum, domo, 
 Beate Ma^cenas, bibam, 
 $. c. 4. 15. 30. Sonante mixtum tibiis carmen lyra, 5 
 
 Hac Dorium, illis barbarum ? 
 Ut nuper, actus cum freto Neptunius 
 
 Dux fugit, ustis navibus, 
 Minatus Urbi vincla, quse detraxerat 
 io. e p . 4. 19. Servis amicus perfidis. 10 
 
 Romanus, eheu — posteri negabitis — 
 
 Emancipatus feminae, 
 Fert vallum et arma miles, et spadonibus 
 
 Servire rugosis potest, 
 Interque signa turpe militaria 15 
 
 Sol adspicit conopium. 
 At hoc frementes verterunt bis mille equos 
 
 Galli, canentes Ceesarem ; 
 Hostiliumque navium portu latent 
 
 Puppes sinistrorsum citae. 20 
 
 Tri c. 4. 2. 49. 1° Triumphe, tu moraris aureos 
 
 Currus, et intactas boves ? 
 jug. c. 2. i. 28. Io Triumphe, nec Jugurthino parem 
 
 Bello reportasti duceni, 
 2$. c. 4. 8. 18. Neque Africanum, cui super Carthaginem 25 
 
 Virtus sepulcrum condidit. 
 pun. c. 4. 10. 4. Terra marique victus hostis punico 
 
 Lugubre mutavit sagum ; 
 29. c. 3. 27. 33. Aut iile centum nobilem Cretam urbibus, 
 
 Ventis iturus non suis, 30 
 
 31. c. 1. 22. 5. Exercitatas aut petit Syrtes Noto ; 
 
 32. e p . 16. 21. Aut fertur incerto mari. 
 
 16. conopeum. 
 
EPOBON X. 121 
 
 Capaciores affer huo, puer, scyphos, 33 . s. 2. 8. 35. 
 
 Et Chia vina aut Lesbia. cm. c. 3. 19. 5. 
 
 35 Vel_, quod fluentem nauseam coerceat, 
 Metire nobis Csecubum. 
 Curam metumque Csesaris rerum juvat 
 Dulci Lyseo solvere. 
 
 Mala soluta navis exit alite, 
 Ferens olentem Msevium. 
 Ut horridis utrumque verberes latus, 
 
 Auster, memento fluctibus. Aus. c. 3. 27. 22. 
 
 5 Niger rudentis Eurus. inverso mari, Eur. c 3. 17. 11. 
 
 & . Ep. 16. 54. 
 
 Fractosque remos differat ; d e 5 99 
 
 Insurgat Aquilo, quantus altis montibus 
 
 Erangit trementes ilices ; 
 Nec sidus atra nocte amicum appareat, 
 10 Qua tristis Orion cadit ; QH. c. 1. 23. 21. 
 
 3. 27. 18, 
 
 Quietiore nec feratur sequore, 
 
 Quam Graia victorum manus, 
 Cum Pallas usto vertit iram ab Ilio 
 
 In impiam Ajacis ratem. 
 15 O quantus instat navitis sudor tuis, l5 . c. 1. 15. 9. 
 
 Tibique pallor luteus, 
 Et illa non virilis ejulatio, 
 
 Preces et aversum ad Jovem, 
 Ionius udo quum remugiens sinus 
 20 Noto carinam ruperit ! 
 
 Opima quod si prseda curvo litore 
 
 Porrecta mergos juveris, 
 Libidinosus immolabitur caper 
 
 Et agna Tempestatibus. 
 
 5. rudentes. 22. projecta, Bent. ib. juverit, B. 
 
 18. C. 3. 29. 58. 
 
122 Q. IIORATI FLACOI 
 
 XI. 
 
 6. C. 3. 18. 11. 
 
 ne. S. 2. 4. 82 
 8.67. 
 
 inv. C. 1. 27. 3. 
 
 Pettl, nihil me, sicut antea, juvat 
 
 Scribere versiculos amore percussum gravi. 
 Amore, qui me praster omnes expetit 
 
 Mollibus in pueris aut in puellis urcre. 
 Hic tertius December, ex quo destiti 5 
 
 Inachia furere, silvis honorem decutit. 
 Heu ! me, per urbem — nam pudet tanti mali — 
 Fabula quanta fui ! conviviorum et pcenitet, 
 In queis amantem et languor et silentium 
 arg. c. 1. 13. 7. Arguit, et latere petitus imo spiritus. 10 
 
 Contrane lucrum nil valere candidum 
 
 Pauperis ingenium ? querebar applorans tibi, 
 Simul calentis inverecundus deus 
 i 4 . e. 1. 5. 16. Fervidiore mero arcana promorat loco. 
 
 Quod si meis insestuet prsecordiis 15 
 
 m. e p . 4. 10. Libera bilis, ut hsec ingrata ventis dividat 
 
 ven. d. C 1.26.1. . ° 
 
 fom. s. 1. 1. 82 Tomenta. vulnus nil malum levantia, 
 
 E. 1. 3. 26. ' ' 
 
 Desinet imparibus certare summotus pudor. 
 Ubi hsec severus te palam laudaveram, 
 
 Jussus abire domum, ferebar incerto pede 20 
 
 Ad non amicos heu ! mihi postes, et heu ! 
 22 c 3 10 3 Limina dura, quibus lumbos et infregi latus. 
 
 Nunc, gloriantis quamlibet mulierculam 
 
 Vincere mollitie, amor Lycisci me tenet : 
 Unde expedire non amicorum queant 25 
 
 ub. s. i. 4. 132. Libera consilia, nec contumelise graves ; 
 
 Sed alius ardor aut puellse candidae, 
 28. c. 2. 5. 24. Aut teretis pueri, longam renodantis comam. 
 
 1. Pecti. 2. perculsum. 24. mollitia, (S. 2. 2. 27.) 
 
EPODON XIII. 123 
 
 XII. 
 
 Quid tibi vis, mulier nigris dignissima barris ? 
 
 Munera cur mihi, quidve tabellas 
 Mittis_, nec firmo juveni, neque naris obesse ? 
 
 Namque sagacius unus odoror, 
 5 Polypus, an gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis, 
 
 Quam canis acer, ubi lateat sus. 
 Qui sudor vietis et quam malus undique membris 
 
 Crescit odor ! cum, pene soluto, 
 Indomitam properat rabiem sedare ; neque illi 
 10 Jam manet humida creta_, colorque 
 
 Stercore fucatus crocodili ! jamque subando 
 
 Tenta cubilia tectaque rumpit. 
 Vel mea quum ssevis agitat fastidia verbis : — 
 " Inachia langues minus ac me : 
 15 Inachiam ter nocte potes ; mihi semper ad unum 
 
 Mollis opus : pereat male, quse te_, 
 Lesbia_, quserenti tauruin, monstravit inertera ; 
 
 Cum mihi Cous adesset Amyntas, 
 Cujus in indomito constantior inguine nervus, 
 20 Quam nova collibus arbor inhasret. 
 
 Muricibus Tyriis iteratae vellere lanae 2 i. c. 2. 16. 36. 
 
 Cui properabantur ? tibi nempe ; 
 Ne foret sequalis inter conviva, magis quem 
 
 Diligeret mulier sua, quam te. 
 25 O ego infelix, quam tu fugis_, ut pavet acris 
 
 Agna lupos, capreseque leones." 26. c. 1. 15. 29 ; 
 
 23. 1. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 Horrida tempestas ccelum contraxit, et imbres tm e p . 2. 30. 
 
 Nivesque deducunt Jovem ; nunc mare, nunc siluae 
 
 23. Eequales. 25. acres. 
 
1 2 1 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Thr. o. 1 12. 2. Threicio Aquilonc sonant. Rapiamus, amici, 
 Occasionem de die ; dumque vircnt genua, 
 Et decet, obducta solvatur fronte sencctus. 5 
 
 m°eo c 3 - 21 ' i" ^ U v * na Torquato move Consule pressa mco. 
 
 Cetera mitte loqui : deus hsec fortasse benigna 
 Ach. c. 3. i. 44. Reducet in sedem vice. Nunc et Achsemenio 
 
 cyi. c. i. io. e. Perfundi nardo juvat, et fide Cyllenea 
 
 Levare diris pectora sollicitudinibus. 10 
 
 Nobilis ut grandi cecinit Centaurus alumno : — 
 i2. c. i. 8. 14. " Invicte, mortalis dea nate puer Thetide, 
 
 Te manet Assaraci tellus, quam frigida parvi 
 
 Findunt Scamandri flumina, lubricus et Simois ; 
 Unde tibi reditum certo subtemine Parcse 15 
 
 Rupere ; nec mater domum cserula te revehet. 
 Illic omne malum vino cantuque levato, 
 agr. e p . 17. 73, Deformis Eegrimonise dulcibus alloquiis." 
 
 XIV. 
 
 Mollis inertia cur tantam diffuderit imis 
 
 Oblivionem sensibus, 
 Pocula Lethseos ut si ducentia somnos 
 
 Arente fauce traxerim, 
 Candide Msecenas, occidis saepe rogando : 5 
 
 Deus, deus nam me vetat 
 pro. a. p. 45. Inceptos, olim promissum carmen, iambos 
 
 Ad umbilicum adducere. 
 Nen aliter Samio dicunt arsisse Bathyllo 
 
 Anacreonta Teium, 10 
 
 Qui perssepe cava testudine flevit amorem, 
 
 Non elaboratum ad pedem. 
 Ureris ipse miser : quod si non pulchrior ignis 
 
 Accendit obsessam Uion, 
 Gaude sorte tua ; me libertina, neque uno 1 5 
 
 Contenta, Phryne macerat. 
 xir. 15. nec. 
 
 io. C. 1. 17. 18. 
 
EPOBON XVI. 125 
 
 XV. 
 
 Nox erat, et cselo fulgebat Luna sereno 
 
 Inter minora sidera, 2 - c - L 12 - 4S - 
 
 Cum tu, magnorum numen laesura deorum, 
 
 In verba jurabas mea, 4- Ep. 16. 25. 
 
 Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex, $■ c - 1. 36. 20. 
 
 Lentis adhserens bracchiis ; **»■ s. 1. 9. 64. 
 
 Dum pecori lupus, et nautis infestus Orion vri. c P 3. 27! 18. 
 
 Turbaret liibernum mare, 
 Intonsosque agitaret Apollinis aura capillos, int. c. 1. 21. 2. 
 
 Fore hunc amorem mutuum. 
 O dolitura mea multum virtute Nesera, 
 
 Nam, si quid in Flacco virist, 
 Non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes, pot. c. 3. 9. 2. 
 
 Et quseret iratus parem, 
 Nec semel offensse cedet constantia formae, 
 
 Si certus intrarit dolor. 
 Et tu, quicumque es felicior atque meo nunc 
 
 Superbus incedis malo, 
 Sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit, 
 
 Tibique Pactolus fluat, 20 . e. 1. 12. 9. 
 
 Nec te Pythagorse fallant arcana renati, ren . c. 1/.28. 10. 
 
 Formaque vincas Nirea ; 22 c 3 20 . 15. 
 
 Eheu ! translatos alio maerebis amores : 
 
 Ast ego vicissim risero. 
 
 XVI. 
 
 Altera jam teritur bellis civilibus setas, 
 
 Suis et ipsa Roma viribus ruit : 
 Ouam neque finitimi valuerunt perdere Marsi, 
 
 Minacis aut Etrusca Porsense manus. 
 
 2. Ep. 7. 10. 
 
 3. C 3. 14. 18. 
 
 xv. 5. astringitur. 12. viri est. 14. queerit. 17. at. 
 
12G Q. ITORATI FLACCI 
 
 Spa. c. 3. 14. 10. iEmula nec virtus Capuse, ncc Spartacus accr, 5 
 
 Novisquc rebus infidclis Allobrox, 
 
 7. ( i. i. Nec fera caerulea domuit Germania pube, 
 
 8. o.i.i. 2i. Parentibusque abominatus Hannibal, 
 
 9 . c. l. 35. 34. Impia perdemus devoti sanguinis setas ; 
 
 Ferisque rursus occupabitur solum. 1 
 
 Barbarus, heu ! cineres insistet victor, et Urbem 
 
 Eques sonante verberabit ungula ; 
 Quaeque carent ventis et solibus ossa Quirini, 
 £!' SVie^a Nefas videre ! dissipabit insolens. 
 
 Forte quid expediat communiter aut melior pars 15 
 
 Malis carere quseritis laboribus ; 
 Nulla sit hac potior sententia : Phocaeorum 
 
 Velut profugit exsecrata civitas 
 Agros atque Lares patrios, habitandaque fana 
 
 Apris reliquit et rapacibus lupis : 20 
 
 2i. c. 3. n. 49. Ire, pedes quocumque ferent, quocumque per undas 
 Notus vocabit, aut protervus Africus. 
 Sic placet ? an melius quis habet suadere ? secunda 
 alL e 4 'io i 4 * Hatem occupare quid moramur alite ? 
 
 jur. Ep. 15. 4. Sed juremus in hsec : — Simul imis saxa renarint 25 
 Vadis levata, ne redire sit nefas ; 
 Neu conversa domum pigeat dare lintea, quando 
 Mat. c. i. 23. 3. Padus Matina laverit cacumina ; 
 
 In mare seu celsus procurrerit Appenninus, 
 
 Novaque monstra junxerat libidine 30 
 
 31. a. p. 12. Mirus amor, juvet ut tigres subsidere cervis, 
 
 Adulteretur et columba miluo ; 
 rav. c. 3. 27. 3. Credula nec ravos timeant armenta leones ; 
 Ametque salsa levis hircus sequora. — 
 Hsec, et quse poterunt reditus abscindere dulces, 85 
 
 Eamus omnis exsecrata civitas, 
 Aut pars indocili melior grege ; mollis et exspes 
 Inominata perprimat cubilia. 
 
 19. proprios. 33. flavos ; seevos. 
 
EPODON XVII. 127 
 
 Yos, quibus est virtus, muliebrem tollite luctum, toi. e. i. 12. 3. 
 40 Etrusca praeter et volate litora. 
 
 Nos manet Oceanus circumvagus : arva, beata 
 
 Petamus arva divites et insulas ; 
 Reddit ubi Cererem tellus inarata quotannis, 
 Et imputata floret usque vinea ; 
 45 Germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivse, f al - c - 3 - *• 30 - 
 
 Suamque pulla ficus ornat arborem ; 
 Mella cava manant ex ilice, montibus altis 
 
 Levis crepante lympha desilit pede. 
 Illic injussse veniunt ad mulctra capellae, 
 50 Refertque tenta grex amicus ubera : 
 Nec vespertinus circumgemit ursus ovile, 
 
 Nec intumescit alta viperis humus. 
 Pluraque felices mirabimur ; ut neque largis 
 
 Aquosus Eurus arva radat imbribus, u- c. 3. 17. 11. 
 
 55 Pinguia nec siccis urantur semina glebis ; 
 
 Utrumque rege temperante cselitum. $6. c. 2. c. 17. 
 
 Non huc Argoo contendit remige pinus, 
 
 Neque impudica Colchis intulit pedem ; $8. e p . 3. 10. 
 
 Non huc Sidonii torserunt cornua nautae, 
 60 Laboriosa nec cohors Ulixei. 6o - E - 1. e. 63. 
 
 Nulla nocent pecori contagia, nullius astri 
 
 Gregem sestuosa torret impotentia. j"£ c - ^ ^- 5 ^ 
 
 Juppiter illa pise secrevit litora genti, 63. c. 2. 13. 23. 
 
 Ut inquinavit aere tempus aureum : 
 65 iEre, dehinc ferro duravit ssecula; quorum «&*■ a. p. iu. 
 
 Piis secunda, vate me, datur fuga. 
 
 XVII. 
 
 Jam jam emcaci do manus scientiae 
 Supplex, et oro regna per Proserpinas, 
 
 57. Al. v. 61. post 56. 61. austri. 
 
 L2 
 
128 Q. IlORJTl FLACCI 
 
 Per et Dianse non movcnda numina, 
 Per atquc libros carminum valentium 
 
 5. Bp. 5. 46. Refixa caelo devocare sidera, 5 
 
 Canidia, parce vocibus tandem sacris, 
 Citumque retro solve, solve turbinem. 
 
 Tei. a. p. 96. Movit nepotem Telephus Nereium,, 
 
 In quem superbus ordinarat agmina 
 Mysorum,, et in quem tela acuta torserat. 10 
 
 Unxere matres Iliae addictum feris 
 Alitibus atque canibus homicidam Hectorem, 
 
 13. c. 1. 10. 14. Postquam relictis mcenibus rex procidit 
 
 Heu ! pervicacis ad pedes Achillei". 
 
 15. e. 1. 2. 23. Setosa duris exuere pellibus 15 
 
 Laboriosi remiges Ulixei, 
 Volente Circa, membra ; tunc mens et sonus 
 RelapsuSj atque notus in voltus honor. 
 Dedi satis superque pcenarum tibr, 
 
 ins. c. 3. 6. 30. Amata nautis multum et institoribus. 20 
 
 Fugit juventas, et verecundus color 
 Reliquit ossa pelle amicta lurida ; 
 Tuis capillus albus est odoribus, 
 Nullum a labore me reclinat otium. 
 
 25. c. 2. 18. 15. Urget diem nox, et dies noctem, neque est 25 
 
 Levare tenta spiritu prsecordia. 
 Ergo negatum vincor ut credam miser, 
 
 Sab. s. 1. 9. 29. Sabella pectus increpare carmina, 
 
 Mar. Ep. 5. 76. Caputque Marsa dissilire nenia. 
 
 Quid amplius vis ? O mare et terra ! ardeo, 30 
 
 Her. Ep. 3. 17. Quantum neque atro delibutus Hercules 
 
 Nessi cruore, nec Sicana fervida 
 Yirens in iEtna flamma; tu, donec cinis 
 Injuriosis aridus ventis ferar, 
 
 coi. c. 2. 13. 8. Cales venenis officina Colchicis. 35 
 
 Quse finis, aut quod me manet stipendium ? 
 
 Ep.5.24,62. 
 
 11. luxere. 18. relatus. 24. ab, [0.] 25. urguet ; ? nequest. 
 30. mare ! terra ! 
 
EPOBON XVII. 12.9 
 
 Effare : jussas cum fide poenas luam ; 
 
 Paratus expiare, seu poposceris 
 
 Centum juvencos, sive mendaci lyra 
 40 Voles sonari : Tu pudica, tu proba 
 
 Perambulabis astra sidus aureum. 
 
 Infamis Helense Castor offensus vicein, 
 
 Fraterque magni Castoris, victi prece, 
 
 Adempta vati reddidere lumina. 
 45 Et tu, potes naro, solve me dementia, 
 
 O nec patemis obsoleta sordibus, 46 c 2 iq. 6. 
 
 Nec in sepulcris pauperum prudens anus 
 
 Novendialis dissipare pulveres. 
 
 Tibi hospitale pectus, et purse manus : 
 50 Tuusque venter Pactumeius ; et tuo go< Ep 5 6 , 
 
 Cruore rubros obstetrix pannos lavit, 
 
 Utcumque fortis exsilis puerpera. 
 
 Quid obseratis auribus fundis preces ? i MU _ c. 3. 11.7. 
 
 Non saxa nudis surdiora navitis i4 c 3 7 2 i. 
 
 55 Neptunus alto tundit hibernus salo. 
 
 Inultus ut tu riseris Cotyttia 
 
 Vulgata, sacrum liberi Cupidinis ? 
 
 Et Esquilini Pontifex venefici ss s L 8 23 
 
 Impune ut Urbem nomine impleris meo ? 
 G0 Quid proderat ditasse Pelignas anus 
 
 Velociusve miscuisse toxicum ? 
 
 Sed tardiora fata te votis manent : 
 
 Ingrata misero vita ducenda est in hoe, 
 
 Novis ut usque suppetas laboribus. 
 65 Optat quietem Pelopis infidi pater, j&AjVmS 
 
 Egens benignse Tantalus semper dapis ; 66 s x 2 f ^ 37, 
 
 Optat Prometheus obiigatus aliti ; 67 . c. 2. is. 35. 
 
 Optat supremo collocare Sisyphus 68< c . 2. 14. 20. 
 
 42. vice, 48. novendiales. 60. proderit. 63. ? ducendast. 
 61. doloribus. 65. infidus. 67. alite. 
 
130 Q. HORATI FLACCI EPODON XVII. 
 
 In monte saxum ; sed vetant leges Jovis. 
 
 Voles modo altis desilire turribus, 70 
 
 Nor. c. 1. 16. 9. Modo ense pectus Norico recludere ; 
 
 7a. c. 3. 27. 60. Frustraque vincla gutturi nectes tuo, 
 
 <cgr. e p . 13. 18. Fastidiosa tristis segrimonia, 
 
 Vectabor humeris tunc ego inimicis eques, 
 Meseque terra cedet insolentise. 75 
 
 An_, quse movere cereas imagines, 
 Ut ipse nosti curiosus, et polo 
 
 78. Ep. 5. 43. Deripere Lunam vocibus possim meis, 
 
 Possim crematos excitare mortuos, 
 Desiderique temperare pocula, 80 
 
 Plorem artis, in te nil agentis, exitus ? 
 
 72. innectes, 80. poculum. 
 
131 
 
 Q. HORATI FLACCI SATIRAE 
 
 LIBER PKIMITS. 
 i. 
 
 Qui fit, Msecenas, ut nemo, quam sibi sortem 
 Seu ratio dederit seu fors objecerit, illa for. s. 1. 6. .>±. 
 
 Contentus vivat, laudet diversa sequentes ? 
 O fortunati mercatores ! gravis annis 
 5 Miles ait multo jam fractus membra labore. 
 
 Contra mercator navem iactantibus Austris : Aus. e. 1.11.15. 
 
 C. 3. 3. 4; 
 
 Militia est potior. Quid enim ? Concurritur ; horse 27 - 22 - 
 
 Momento cita mors venit aut victoria lseta. «**• c - 2 - 16 - 29 - 
 
 Agricolam laudat juris legumque peritus, 
 10 Sub galli cantum consultor ubi ostia pulsat. «. e. 2. 1. 104. 
 
 Ille, datis vadibus qui rure extractus in urbem est, n. e. 1. u. 17. 
 
 Solos felices viventes clamat in urbe. 
 
 Cetera de genere hoc, adeo sunt multa, loquacem 
 
 Delassare valent Eabium, Nec te morer, audi 
 1 5 Quo rem deducam. Si quis deus, En ego, dicat, 1$. s. 2. 7. 24. 
 
 Jam faciam quod voltis : eris tu, qui modo miles, 
 
 Mercator ; tu, consultus modo, rusticus ; hinc vos, 
 
 Vos hinc mutatis discedite partibus. Eja ! 
 
 Quid statis ? — nolint. Atqui licet esse beatis. 
 20 Quid causse est, merito quin illis Jupiter ambas 
 
 7. ? militiasfc. 11. ? in urbemst. 19. nolunt. 20. ? caussest. 
 
132 Q. llORATi TLJCCl 
 
 Iratus buccas inflet neque sc forc posthac 
 Tam facilam dicat, votis ut praebeat aurem ? 
 Prsetcrea, ne sic, ut qui jocularia, ridens 
 Percurram, — quamquam ridcntem dicerc verum 
 oii. E. 1. 10. 42. Q u id vetat? ut pueris olim dant crustula blandi 25 
 
 cru. S. 2. 4. 47. r 
 
 Doctorcs, elementa velint ut discere prima j — 
 Sed tamen amoto quseramus seria ludo. 
 Ille gravem duro terram qui vertit aratro, 
 
 per. s. i. 5. 4. Perfidus hic caupOj miles nautseque per omne 
 
 Audaces mare qui currunt, hac mente laborem 30 
 
 Sese ferre, senes ut in otia tuta recedant, 
 Aiunt, cum sibi sint congesta cibaria ; sicut 
 Parvula^, nam exemplo est, magni formica laboris 
 Ore trahit quodcumque potest atque addit acervo 
 Quem struit, haud ignara ac non incauta futuri. 35 
 
 inv. Ep. io. 5. Quse, simul inversum contristat Aquarius annum, 
 
 S. 2. 8. 39. u 
 
 Non usquam prorepit et illis utitur ante 
 3 8 - °- \ 24. j!6. Q u3es iti s sapiens, cum te neque fervidus aestus 
 
 Demoveat lucro neque hiemps, ignis, mare^ ferrum, 
 
 Nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter. 40 
 
 Quid juvat immensum te argenti pondus et auri 
 42. s. 2. 3. 109. Furtim defossa timidum deponere terra ? 
 
 Quod si comminuas, vilem redigatur ad assem. 
 
 At, ni id fit, quid habet pulchri constructus acervus ? 
 
 Miiia frumenti tua triverit area centum, 45 
 
 ac, s. i. io. 34. Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus : ut si 
 
 2 3 270 * 
 
 ' 96. ' Reticulum panis venales inter onusto 
 
 Ep. 15. 5. 
 
 Forte vehas urnero, nihilo plus accipias quam 
 
 Qui nil portarit. Vel dic quid referat intra 
 
 Naturse fines \dventi_, jugera centum an 50 
 
 Mille aret ? At suave est ex magno tollere acervo. 
 
 Dum ex parvo nobis tantundem haurire relinquas, 
 
 Cur tua plus laudes cumeris granaria nostris ? 
 
 Ut tibi si sit opus liquidi non amplius urna 
 
 33. ? exemplost. 38. patiens. 39. dimoveat, 46. plusquarn. 
 47. honusto, Hl. B. G. 51. ? suavest. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. I i. 133 
 
 55 Vel cyatho et dicas : Magno de flumine mallem cya. c. 2. 8. 13. 
 
 Quam ex hoc fonticulo tantundem sumere. Eo fit, 
 
 Plenior ut si quos delectet copia justo^ 
 
 Cum ripa simul avolsos ferat Aufidus acer. 
 
 At qui tantuli eget quantost opus_, is neque limo 
 60 Turbatam haurit aquam neque vitam amittit in undis. 
 
 At bona pars hominum decepta cupidine falso, bon. a. p. 297. 
 
 Nil satis est, inquit ; quiatanti, quantum habeas, sis. 
 
 Quid facias illi ? Jubeas miserum esse, libenter 
 
 Quatenus id facit : ut quidam memoratur Athenis 
 65 Sordidus ac dives, populi contemnere voces 
 
 Sic solitus : Populus me sibilat, at mihi plaudo 
 
 Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contempior in arca. 
 
 Tantalus a labris sitiens fugientia captat 6S - e p- 17 - 66 - 
 
 Flumina, . . . Quid rides? Mutato nomine, de te 
 70 Fabula narratur : congestis undique saccis 
 
 Indormis inhians et tamquam parcere sacris »1. s. 2. 3. 100. 
 
 Cogeris aut pictis tamquam gaudere tabellis. 
 
 Nescis quo valeat nummus ? quem prsebeat usum ? 
 
 Panis ematur, olus, vini sextarius ; adde 
 75 Quis humana sibi doleat natura negatis. «'. s. 1. 2. 112. 
 
 An vigilare metu exanimem, noctesque diesque 
 
 Formidare malos fures, incendia, servos, fur. s. 1. 4. 3. 
 
 Ne te compilent fugientes, hoc juvat ? Horum 
 
 Semper ego optarim pauperrimus esse bonorum. 
 80 At si condoluit temptatum frigore corpus 
 
 Aut alius casus lecto te affixit, habes qui 
 
 Assideat, fomenta paret, medicum roget, ut te fom. e p . 11. 17. 
 
 Suscitet ac natis reddat carisque propinquis ? 
 
 Non uxor salvum te volt, non filius ; omnes 
 85 Vicini oderunt, noti, pueri atque puella3. 
 
 Miraris, cum tu argento post omnia ponas, 
 
 Si nemo prsestet quem non merearis amorem ? 
 
 At si cognatos nullo natura labore 
 
 55. malini. 58. avulsos. 59. quanto est. 81. afflixit, 
 
13 I Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 ser. s. i. 3. 5i. Quos tibi dat rctincrc velis scrvarcquc amicos, 
 
 Infelix operara pcrdas, ut si quis asellum 90 
 
 In Campo doceat parentem currere frenis. 
 
 fin. e. i. 2. 56. Dcnique sit finis quserendi, cumque habeas plus, 
 Pauperiem metuas minus et finire laborem 
 IncipiaSj parto quod avebas, ne facias quod 
 Ummidius quidam, non longa est fabula. dives 95 
 
 Ut metiretur nummos, ita sordidus, ut se 
 Non umquam servo melius vestiret, ad usque 
 Supremum tempus ne se penuria victus 
 Opprimeret metuebat. At hunc liberta securi 
 Divisit medium, fortissima Tyndaridarum. 100 
 
 a/iefi.E.i.15.26. Quid mi igitur suades ? Ut vivam Msenius ? aut sic, 
 
 pug. s. i. 2. 73. Ut Nomentanus ? Pergis pugnantia secum 
 
 ava. e. 2. 2. 194. Frontibus adversis componere : non ego^ avarum 
 
 v. ac n. s.i.2.12. Cum veto te fieri^ vappam jubeo ac nebulonem. 
 
 Est inter Tanain quiddam socerumque Viselli. 105 
 
 Est modus in rebus, sunt certi denique fines_, 
 
 Quos ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum. 
 
 Illuc unde abii redeo, nemo ut avarus 
 
 Se probet ac potius laudet diversa sequentes, 
 
 Quodque aliena capella gerat distentius uber 110 
 
 iii. e. i. 2. 57. Tabescat, neque se majori pauperiorum 
 
 Turbse comparet, hunc atque hunc superare laboret. 
 Sic festinanti semper locupletior obstat, 
 
 ung. E P . i6. 12. Ut cum carceribus missos rapit ungula currus, 
 
 Instat equis auriga suos vincentibus,, illum 115 
 
 Prseteritum temnens extremos inter euntem. 
 Inde fit ut raro qui se vixisse beatum 
 Dicat et exacto contentus tempore vita 
 
 ii 9 . e. 2. 2. 211. Cedat uti conviva satur reperire queamus. 
 
 scr. e. 2. 1. 113. Jam satis est : ne me Crispini scrinia lippi 120 
 
 Compilasse putes, verbum non amplius addam. 
 
 91. Campum, Hl. A. B. 92. quo-que, Edd. non M8S. 
 101. Nsevius, (Op. S. 2. 2. 68.) 118. vitae. 
 
SJTIRARUM LIB. I. ii. 135 
 
 II. 
 
 Ambubaiarum collegia, pharmacopolae, 
 
 Mendici, mimse, balatrones, lioc genus omne 
 
 Msestum ac sollicitum est cantoris morte Tigelli 
 
 Quippe benignus erat. Contra hic, ne prodigus esse 
 5 Dicatur metuens, inopi dare nolit amico, 
 
 Frigus quo duramque famem propellere possit. 
 
 Hunc si perconteris, avi cur atque parentis 
 
 Praeclaram ingrata stringat malus ingluvie rem, 8. e. i. 15. 40. 
 
 Omnia conductis coemens obsonia nummis ; 
 10 Sordidus atque animi quod parvi nolit haberi, S or. s. 2. 2. 53. 
 
 Respondet : laudatur ab his, culpatur ab illis. 
 
 Fufidius vappse famam timet ac nebulonis, vap. s. 1. 1. 104. 
 
 Dives agris, dives positis in fenore nummis : 
 
 Quinas hic capiti mercedes exsecat atque mer . s. 1. 3. ss. 
 
 1 5 Quanto perditior quisque est, tanto acrius urget ; 
 
 Nomina sectatur modo sumpta veste virili nom. e. 2. 1.105, 
 
 Sub patribus duris tironum. Maxime, quis non, 
 
 Juppiter ! exclamat, simul atque audivit ? At in se 
 
 Pro qusestu sumptum facit hic. Vix credere possis, 
 20 Quam sibi non sit amicus, ita ut pater ille, Terenti 
 
 Fabula quem miserum gnato vixisse fugato 
 
 Inducit, non se pejus cruciaverit atque hic. 
 
 Si quis nunc quaerat : Quo res haec pertinet ? illuc : 
 
 Dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt. 
 25 Maltinus tunicis demissis ambulat ; est qui 
 
 Inguen ad obscenum subductis usque facetus. 
 
 Pastillos Rufillus olet, Gargonius hircum. 21 s x 4 g3 
 
 Nil medium est. Sunt qui nolint tetigisse nisi illas, 
 
 Quarum subsuta talos tegat instita veste ; 
 30 Contra alius nullam nisi olenti in fornice stantem. 
 
 Quidam notus homo cum exiret fornice, Macte 
 
 3. ? sollicitumst. 15. ? quisquest, 28. ? mediurast, 
 
13-6 Q, JTORATI FLACCI 
 
 Virtute esto, inquit sententia dia Catonis ; 
 
 Nam simul ac venas inflavit tetra libido, 
 
 Huc juvenes sequum est descendere, non alienas 
 
 Permolere uxores. Nolim laudarier, inquit, 35 
 
 Sic me, mirator cunni Cupiennius albi. 
 
 Audire est operse pretium^ procedere recte 
 
 Qui mcechis non voltis, ut omni parte laborent ; 
 
 39 . e. 1. 2. 55. Utque illis multo corrupta dolore voluptas, 
 
 Atque haec rara, cadat dura inter sgepe pericla. 40 
 
 Hic se prsecipitem tecto dedit, ille flagellis 
 Ad mortem csesus, fugiens hic decidit acrem 
 Praedonum in turbam, dedit hic pro corpore nummos. 
 Hunc perminxerunt calones ; quin etiam illud 
 Accidit, ut quidam testes caudamque salacem 45 
 
 Demeteret ferro. Jure, omnes : Galba negabat. 
 Tutior at quanto merx est in classe secunda, 
 
 sm. c. 2. 2. 3. Libertinarum dico, Sallustius in quas 
 
 Non minus insanit quam qui mcechatur : at hic si, 
 Qua res, qua ratio suaderet, quaque modeste 50 
 
 Munifico esse licet, vellet bonus atque benignus 
 Esse, daret quantum satis esset nec sibi damno 
 Dedecorique foret. Verum hoc se amplectitur uno, 
 Hoc amat et laudat : Matronam nullam ego tango. 
 Ut quondam Marsseus, amator Originis ille, 55 
 
 Qui patrium mimae donat fundumque laremque, 
 Nil fuerit mi, inquit, cum uxoribus umquam alienis. 
 Verum est cum mimis, est cum meretricibus, unde 
 Fama malum gravius quam res trahit. An tibi abunde 
 Personam satis est, non illud, quidquid ubique 60 
 
 Ofncit, evitare ? Bonam deperdere farnam, 
 Rem patris oblimare, malum est ubicumque. Quid inter» 
 Est in matrona, ancilla peccesne togata ? 
 Villius in Fausta Sullse gener, hoc miser uno 
 Nomine deceptus, pcenas dedit usque superque 65 
 
 37. ? audirest. 62. ? malumst. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. I. ii. 137 
 
 Quam satis est pugnis ceesus ferroque petitus, 
 
 Exclusus fore, cum Longarenus foret intus. 
 
 Huic si mutonis verbis mala tanta videntis [a te 
 
 Diceret hsec animus : Quid vis tibi ? Numquid ego 
 70 Magno prognatum deposco consule cunnum 
 
 Velatumque stola, mea cum conferbuit ira ? 
 
 Quid responderet ? Magno patre nata puella est. 
 
 At quanto meliora monet pugnantiaque istis pug. s. 1. 1. 102. 
 
 Dives opis natura suse, tu si modo recte 
 75 Dispensare velis ac non fugienda petendis fug. s. 1. 3. 114. 
 
 Immiscere. Tuo vitio rerumne labores, 
 
 Nil referre putas ? Quare ne pseniteat te, 
 
 Desine matronas sectarier, unde laboris 
 
 Plus haurire mali est quam ex re decerpere fructus. 
 80 Nec magis huic inter niveos viridesque lapillos, 
 
 Sit iicet hoc, Cerinthe, tuum, tenerum est femur aut 
 crus 
 
 Rectius, atque etiam melius perssepe togatae est. 
 
 Adde huc quod mercem sine fucis gestat, aperte 
 
 Quod venale habet ostendit, nec si quid honesti est 
 85 Jactat habetque palam, quaerit quo turpia celet. 
 
 Regibus hic mos est : ubi equos mercantur, opertos 
 
 Inspiciunt, ne^ si facies ut ssepe decora 
 
 Molli fulta pede est, emptorem inducat hiantem, 
 
 Quod pulchrse clunes, breve quod caput, ardua cervix. 
 90 Hoc illi recte : ne corporis optima Lyncei Lyn. e. 1. 1. 28. 
 
 Contemplere oculis, Hypssea csecior illa, 
 
 Quse mala sunt spectes. O crus ! o bracchia ! verum 
 
 Depugis, nasuta, brevi latere ac pede longo est. 
 
 Matronse praeter faciem nil cernere possis, 
 95 Cetera, ni Catia est, demissa veste tegentis. 
 
 Si interdicta petes, vallo circumdata., nam te 
 
 Hoc facit insanum, multae tibi tum officient res, 
 
 Custodes, lectica, ciniflones, parasitse, 
 
 72. ? puellast. 79. ? malist. 81. ? tenerumst. 82. ? togatse est; est 
 om. B. 84. ? honestist. 88. ? pedest. 93. ? longost. 95. ? Catiast. 
 
133 Q. IIOR ICCI 
 
 Ad talos stola demissa ct circumdata palla, 
 
 Plurima, quae invidcant pure apparere tibi rcm. 100 
 
 Altcra, nil obstat ; Cois tibi pa^nc vidcre cst 
 
 Ut nudam, ne crure malo, ne sit pede turpi j 
 
 Metiri possis oculo latus. An tibi mavis 
 
 Insidias fieri pretiumque avellier ante 
 
 Quam mercem ostendi ? " Leporem venator ut alta 105 
 
 In nive sectetur, positum sic tangere nolit," 
 
 Cantat et apponit, " Meus est amor huic similis : nam 
 
 <«,e. i. 12. 7. Transvolat in medio posita et fugientia captat." 
 Hiscine versiculis speras tibi posse dolores 
 Atque sestus curasque graves e pectore pelli ? 110 
 
 Nonne cupidinibus statuat natura modum quem, 
 
 neg. s. 1. 1. 75. Quid latura sibi quid sit dolitura negatum, 
 
 113. e. 1. 10. 29. Quserere plus prodest et inane abscindere soldo ? 
 
 it 4 . s. 2. 2. 14. Num, tibi cum fauces urit sitis, aurea quseris 
 
 Pocula ? num esuriens fastidis omnia praeter 115 
 
 Pavonem rhombumque? tument tibi cum inguina, num si 
 
 Ancilla aut verna est prsesto puer, impetus in quem 
 
 Continuo fiat_, malis tentigine rumpi ? 
 
 Non ego ; namque parabilem amo venerem facilemque. 
 
 Illam <( Post paulo :" " Sed pluris •" " Si exierit vir :" 
 
 Gallis ; hanc Philodemus ait sibi, qua3 neque magno 121 
 
 Stet pretio neque cunctetur, cum est jussa venire. 
 
 Candida rectaque sit ; munda hactenus, ut neque longa 
 
 Nec magis alba velit, quam dat natura, videri. 
 
 Haec ubi supposuit dextro corpus mihi la^vum, 125 
 
 Ilia et Egeria est ; do nomen quodlibet illi, 
 
 Nec vereor ne, dum futuo, vir rure recurrat, 
 
 Janua frangatur, latret canis, undique magno 
 
 Pulsa domus strepitu resonet, vepallida lecto 
 
 Desiliat mulier, miseram se conscia clamet, 130 
 
 Cruribus hsec metuat, doti deprensa, egomet mi. 
 
 Discincta tunica fugiendum est ac pede nudo, 
 
 101. ? viderest. 117. ? vernast. 122. ? cumst. 132. ? fugieiKlumst, 
 
SJTIRARUM LIB. I, iii. 139 
 
 Ne mimmi pereant aut puga aut denique fama,- 
 Deprendi miserum est ; Eabio vel judice vincam. 
 
 III. 
 
 Omnibus hoc vitium est cantoribus, inter amicos 
 Ut numquam inducant animum cantare rogati, 
 Injussi numquam desistant. Sardus habebat 
 Ille Tigellius hoc. Caesar, qui cogere posset, 
 5 Si peteret per amicitiam patris atque suam^ non 
 Quicquam proficeret ; si collibuisset, ab ovo 
 Usque ad mala citaret Io Bacche ! modo summa 
 Voce modo hac resonat quse chordis quatuor ima. 
 Nil sequale homini fuit illi : ssepe velut qui *qu. s. 2. 7. 10. 
 
 1 Currebat fugiens hostem, perssepe velut qui 
 Junonis sacra ferret ; habebat ssepe ducentos, 
 Ssepe decem servos ; modo reges atque tetrarchas, 
 Omnia magna loquens; modoj Sit mihi mensa tripes et men. c. 2. ig. 14. 
 Concha salis puri et toga, quse defendere frigus 
 
 15 Quamvis crassa queat. Decies centena dedisses 
 Huic parco paucis contento, quinque diebus 
 Nil erat in loculis. Noctes vigilabat ad ipsum 
 Mane, diem totum stertebat. Nil fuit umquam 
 Sic impar sibi. Nunc aliquis dicat mihi : Quid tu ? 
 
 20 Nullane habes vitia ? Immo alia et fortasse minora. 
 Msenius absentem Novium cum carperet : Heus tu, 
 Quidam ait, ignoras te ? an ut ignotum dare nobis 
 Yerba putas ? Egomet mi ignosco, Msenius inquit. 
 Stultus et improbus hic amor est dignusque notari. 
 
 25 Cum tua pervideas oculis mala lippus inunctis, u P , s. 1. 5. 30. 
 
 Cur in amicorum vitiis tam cernis aeutum, 
 Quam aut aquila aut serpens Epidaurius ? At tibi 
 contra 
 
 1. ? vitiumst 5 est om. al. 7. Io Bacchee. 15. deciens. 25. raale. 
 
L4Q Q. EORATl F£ iCCl 
 
 Evcnit, Inquirant vitia ut tua rursus ct illi. 
 
 a-a. e. i. 20. 25. Iracundior est paulo, miuus aptus acutis 
 
 3 o. e. 1.1. 9i. Naribus liorum hominum ; ridcri possit eo quod 30 
 Rusticius tonso toga defluit ct malc laxus 
 In pede calceus hseret : at est bonus, ut melior vir 
 
 33. c. 2. 18. 9. ]sj on a ] ms q U i S q Uam ^ a t tibi amicus, at ingcnium ingcns 
 Inculto latet hoc sub corpore. Denique te ipsum 
 Concute, num qua tibi vitiorum inseverit olim 35 
 
 Natura aut etiam consuetudo mala ; namque 
 Neglectis urenda filix innaseitur agris. 
 Illuc prsevertamur, amatorem quod amicse 
 Turpia decipiunt caecum vitia, ant etiam ipsa luec 
 Delectant, veluti Balbinum polypus Hagnse. 40 
 
 Vellem in amicitia sic erraremns et isti 
 Errori nomen virtus posuisset honestum. 
 At pater ut gnati, sie nos debemus amici 
 Si quod sit vitium non fastidire : strabonem 
 Appellat psetum pater, et pullum, male parvus 45 
 
 Si cui filius est, ut abortivus fuit olim 
 Sisyphus : hunc varum distortis cruribus, illum 
 Balbutit scaurum pravis fultum male talis. 
 
 fiu. -s. 2. 5. 8i. Parcius hic vivit : frugi dicatur. Ineptus 
 
 Et jactantior hic paulo est : concinnus amicis 50 
 
 Postulat nt videatur. At est truculentior atque 
 
 m - s - \ f l^ Plus sequo liber : simplex fortisque habeatur. 
 Caldior est : acres inter nnmeretur. Opinor, 
 
 ser. s. 1. 1. 89. Hsec res et jnngit^ jnnctos et servat amicos. 
 
 At nos virtutes ipsas invertimns atque 55 
 
 56. e. 1. 2. 54. Sincerum cupimns vas incrustare. Probus quis 
 Nobiscum vivit, multum demissus homo : illi 
 Tardo cognomen, pingui damus. Hic fugit omnes 
 Insidias nullique malo latus obdit apertum, 
 Cum genus hoc inter vitse versetur, nbi acris 60 
 
 Invidia atque vigent ubi crimina : pro bene sano 
 
 50. ? panlost. 60. versemnr. 
 
SATIIURUM LIB. I. iii. 141 
 
 Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus. 
 
 Simplicior quis et est, qualem me ssepe libenter 
 
 Obtulerim tibi, Msecenas, ut forte legentem 
 65 Aut taeitum impellat quovis sermone molestus : 
 
 Communi sensu plane caret, inquimus. Eheu 
 
 Quam temere in nosmet legem sancimus iniquam ! 
 
 Nam vitiis nemo sine nascitur ; optimus ille est, 
 
 Qui minimis urgetur. Amicus dulcis, ut sequum est, dui. s. 1. 4. 135. 
 70 Cum mea compenset vitiis bona, pluribus hisce, 
 
 Si modo plura mihi bona sunt, inclinet : amari 
 
 Si volet hac lege, in trutina ponetur eadem. 
 
 Qui ne tuberibus propriis offendat amicum 
 
 Postulat, ignoscet verrucis illius : sequum est, 
 75 Peccatis veniam poscentem reddere rursus. 
 
 Denique, quatenus excidi penitus vitium irse 
 
 Cetera item nequeunt stultis hserentia, cur non 
 
 Ponderibus modulisque suis ratio utitur, ac res 
 
 Ut quseque est, ita suppliciis delicta coercet ? 
 80 Si quis eum servum, patinam qui tollere jussus 
 
 Semesos pisces tepidumque ligurierit jus, ug. s. 2. 4. 79. 
 
 In cruce sufiigat, Labeone insanior inter cru _ E x. 16 ^ 
 
 Sanos dicatur. Quanto hoc furiosius atque / ur . s. 2. 3. 207. 
 
 Majus peccatum est ! Paulum deliquit amicus, dei. v. 141. 
 85 Quod nisi concedas, habeare insuavis, acerbus : 
 
 Odisti et fugis ut Rusonem debitor seris ; 
 
 Qui nisi, cum tristes misero venere Calendae, cai. e p . 2. 70. 
 
 Mercedem aut nummos unde unde extricat, amaras 
 
 Porrecto jugulo historias captivus ut audit. 89. a. p. 474; 
 
 90 Comminxit lectum potus mensave catillum 
 
 Evandri manibus tritum dejecit : ob hanc rein, 
 
 Aut positum ante mea quia pullum in parte catini 
 
 Sustulit esuriens, minus hoc jucundus amicus 
 
 Sit mihi ? Quid faciam_, si furtum fecerit, aut si 
 95 Prodiderit commissa fide sponsumve negarit ? 
 
 65. niolestus ! 69 : 74. ? aequumst. 79. ? qusequest. 
 85. acerbus odisti, 
 
 M 
 
142 Q. IWRATI FIACCI 
 
 Quis paria esse fcre placuit peccata, laborant 
 
 Cum ventum ad verum est ; sensus moresque repugnant 
 
 Atque ipsa utilitas, justi prope mater et aequi. 
 
 99 ' a V *m'sa Cum prorepserunt primis animalia terris, 
 
 Mutum et turpe pecus, glandem atque cubilia propter 100 
 Unguibus et pugnis, dein fustibus, atque ita porro 
 Pugnabant armis, qua3 post fabricaverat usus, 
 Donec verba, quibus voces sensusque notarent, 
 Nominaque invenere ; deliinc absistere bello, 
 Oppida cceperunt munire et ponere leges, 105 
 
 Ne quis fur esset neu latro neu quis adulter. 
 Nam fuit ante Helenam cunnus teterrima belli 
 Causa, sed ignotis perierunt mortibus illi, 
 Quos venerem incertam rapientes more ferarum 
 Viribus editior csedebat, ut in grege taurus. 110 
 
 Jura inventa metu injusti fateare necesse est, 
 Tempora si fastosqne velis evolvere mundi. 
 Nec natura potest justo secernere iniquum, 
 
 n 4 . s. i. 2. 75. Dividit ut bona diversis, fugienda petendis ; 
 
 vin. s. 2. 3. 225 -, ^ec yincet ratio hoc_, tantundemut peccet idemque, 115 
 Qui teneros caules alieni fregerit horti 
 Et qui nocturnus sacra divum legerit. Adsit 
 Regula, peccatis quse poenas irroget sequas, 
 Ne scutica dignum horribili sectere flagello. 
 Nam ut ferula csedas meritum majora subire 120 
 
 Verbera, non vereor, cum dicas esse pares res 
 Furta latrociniis et magnis parva mineris 
 Falce recisurum simili te, si tibi regnum 
 Permittant homines. Si dives, qui sapiens est, 
 Et sutor bonus et solus formosus et est rex ; 125 
 
 Cur optas quod habes ? Non nosti, quid pater, inquit, 
 Chrysippus dicat : Sapiens crepidas sibi numquam 
 Nec soleas fecit, sutor tamen est sapiens. Qui ? 
 Ut quamvis tacet Hermogenes, cantor tamen atque 
 
 97. ? verumst. 111. ? necessest. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. L iv. 143 
 
 1 30 Optimus est modulator ; ut Alfenius vafer omni «,«/. s. 2. 2. 131. 
 
 Abjecto instrumento artis clausaque taberna 
 
 Sutor erat, sapiens operis sic optimus omnis **• s. 2. 3. ioe. 
 
 Est opifex solus, sic rex. Vellunt tibi barbam 
 
 Lascivi pueri ; quos tu nisi fuste coerces, 
 135 Urgeris turba circum te stante miserque 
 
 Rumperis et latras, magnorum maxime regum. 
 
 Ne longum faciam : dum tu quadrante lavatum 
 
 Rex ibis, neque te quisquam stipator ineptum 
 
 Prseter Crispinum sectabitur, et mihi dulces Cri. s. 1. 1. 120. 
 
 140 Ignoscent si quid peccaro stultus amici, 
 
 Inque vicem illorum patiar delicta libenter, 
 
 Privatusque magis vivam te rege beatus. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Eupolts atque Cratinus Aristoplianesque poetoe 1. e. 1. 19. 1. 
 
 Atque alii quorum comoedia prisca virorum est, 2. s. 1. 10. ie. 
 
 Si quis erat dignus describi, quod malus ac fur, 
 
 Quod mcecbus foret aut sicarius aut alioqui 
 5 Famosus, multa cum libertate notabant. 
 
 Hinc omnis pendet Lucilius, hosce secutus 
 
 Mutatis tantum pedibus numerisque, facetus, 
 
 Emunctse naris, durus componere versus. 
 
 Nam fuit hoc vitiosus : in hora ssepe ducentos, dKC s x 10 6(h 
 10 Ut magnum, versus dictabat stans pede in uno. 
 
 Cum flueret lutulentus, erat quod tollere velles ; luL s. 1. 10. 50. 
 
 Garrulus atque piger scribendi ferre laborem, 
 
 Scribendi recte : nam ut multum, nil moror. Ecce, 
 
 Crispinus minimo me provocat : Accipe, si vis, 
 15 Accipiam tabulas ; detur nobis locus, hora, 
 
 Custodes ; videamus uter plus scribere possit. 
 
 Di bene fecerunt, inopis me quodque pusilli 
 
 Finxerunt animi, raro et perpauca loquentis. 
 
 3. aut fur. 
 
 M 2 
 
144 Q. IIOIiATI TLACCI 
 
 At tu conclusas hircinis follibus auras, 
 Usquc laborantes, dum ferrum molliat ignis, 20 
 
 Ut mavis, imitare. Beatus Fannius ultro 
 Delatis capsis et imagine, cum mea nemo 
 Seripta legat volgo recitare timentis ob hanc rem 
 Quocl sunt quos genus hoc minime juvat, utpote plures 
 Culpari dignos. Quemvis media erue turba, 25 
 
 2 6. s. i. 6. 129. Aut ob avaritiam aut misera ambitione laborat. 
 
 E. 1. 1. 33. 
 
 Hic nuptarum insanit amoribus, hic puerorum ; 
 
 stit. s. i. 6. 17. Hunc capit argenti splendor ; stupet Albius sere ; 
 
 Hic mutat merces surgente a sole ad eum quo 
 
 3 o. s. i. i. 39. Vespertina tepet regio : quin per mala prseceps 30 
 
 pui. c. 1. 1. 4. Fertur uti pulvis collectus turbine, ne quid 
 
 Summa deperdat metuens aut ampliet ut rem. 
 
 Omnes hi metuunt versus, odere poetas. 
 
 Eoenum habet in cornu, longe fuge : dummodo risum 
 
 Excutiat sibi, non hic cuiquam parcet amico, 35 
 
 Et quodcumque semel chartis illeverit, omnes 
 
 Gestiet a furno redeuntes scire lacuque 
 
 Et pueros et anus. Ageduru, pauca accipe contra. 
 
 Primum ego me illorum, dederim quibus esse poetis, 
 
 Excerpam numero : neque enim concludere versum 40 
 
 Dixeris esse satis ; neque si quis scribat uti nos 
 
 Sermoni propiora, putes hunc esse poetam. 
 
 43. a.p. 295. Ingenium cui sit, cui mens divinior atque os 
 c. 4. 6. 29. ° r. e ^ 
 
 Magna sonaturum, des nominis hujus honorem. 
 Idcirco quidam comcedia necne poema 45 
 
 Esset qusesivere : quod acer spiritus ac vis 
 Nec verbis nec rebus inest, nisi quod pede certo 
 Differt sermoni, sermo merus. At pater ardens 
 mer. e. i. 7. 84. SaBvit. quod meretrice nepos insanus amica 
 
 neo. Ep. 1. 34. _.,. ,. - 
 
 Eilms uxorem grandi cum dote recuset, 50 
 
 Ebrius et, magnum quod dedecus, ambulet ante 
 fac c. 3. 26. 7. Noctem cum facibus. Numquid Pomponius istis 
 
 23. yulgo. 39. poetas. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. I. iv. 145 
 
 Audiret leviora, pater si viveret ? Ergo 
 
 Non satis est puris versum perscribere verbis, 
 55 Quem si dissolvas, quivis stomachetur eodem st0 - c - l - 1Q - J 6 ; 
 
 Quo personatus pacto pater. His, ego quae nunc, E - *• 15, 12, 
 
 Olim quse scripsit Lucilius, eripias si [est 
 
 Tempora certa modosque et quod prius ordine verbum 
 
 Posterius facias prseponens ultima primis, 
 60 Non, ut si solvas " Postquam Discordia tetra 
 
 Belli ferratos postes portasque refregit/' 
 
 Invenias etiam disjecti membra poetse. 
 
 Hactenus hsec : alias justum sit necne poema. 
 
 Nunc illud tantum quaeram, meritone tibi sit 
 65 Suspectum genus hoc scribendi. Sulcius acer 
 
 Ambulat et Caprius, rauci male cumque libellis, 
 
 Magnus uterque timor latronibus ; at bene si quis 
 
 Et vivat puris manibus, contemnat utrumque. 
 
 Ut sis tu similis Cceli Birrique latronum, 
 70 Non ego sim Capri neque Sulci : cur metuas me ? 
 
 Nulla taberna meos habeat neque pila libellos, t 
 
 Quis manus insudet volgi Hermogenisque Tigelli ; vo i. e. i. 20. 11. 
 
 Nec recito cuiquam nisi amicis, idque coactus, 
 
 Non ubivis coramve quibuslibet. In medio qui 
 75 Scripta foro recitent sunt multi quique lavantes ; 
 
 Suave locus voci resonat conclusus. Inanes 
 
 Hoc juvat, haud illud quaerentes, num sine sensu, 
 
 Tempore num faciant alieno. Lsedere gaudes, 
 
 Inquit, et hoc studio pravus facis. Unde petitum 
 80 Hoc in me jacis ? est auctor quis denique eorum, 
 
 Vixi cum quibus ? Absentem qui rodit amicum, 
 
 Qui non defendit alio culpante, solutos 
 
 Qui captat risus hominum famamque dicacis, 
 
 Fingere qui non visa potest, commissa tacere com. e. 1. 18. 70 
 
 85 Qui nequit ; hic niger est, hunc tu, Romane, caveto. 
 
 Ssepe tribus lectis videas cenare quaternos, i ec . s. 2. 8. 41. 
 
 58. ? verbumst. 72. vulgi. 73. recitem quicquam. 79. inquis. 
 
14(5 Q. IIOIUTI FLACCI 
 
 E quibus unus amct quavis adspergcre ctmctos 
 
 prab. s. 2. 2. oo. Pncter eum qui prsebet aquam j post hunc quoquc potns, 
 
 8 9 . c. 3. 21. iG. Condita cum verax aperit pracordia Liber. 
 
 Hic tibi comis et urbanus liberque videtur, 90 
 
 Infesto nigris ; ego si risi, quod ineptus 
 
 93. s. 1. 2. 27. Pastillos Rufillus olet, Gargonius hircum, 
 
 Lividus et mordax videor tibi ? Mentio si qua 
 
 De Capitolini furtis injecta Petiili 
 
 Te coram fuerit, defendas, ut tuus est mos : 1)5 
 
 Me Capitolinus convictore usus amicoque 
 
 A puero est, causaque mea permulta rogatus 
 
 Fecit, et incolumis lsetor quod vivit in urbe ; 
 
 Sed tamen admiror, quo pacto judicium illud 
 
 Fugerit. Hic nigrse succus loliginis, haec est 100 
 
 iErugo mera ; quod vitium procul afore chartis 
 
 Atque animo prius, ut si quid promittere de me 
 
 Possum aliud vere, promitto. Liberius si 
 
 Dixero quid, si forte jocosius, hoc mihi juris 
 
 Cum venia dabis : insuevit pater optimus hoc me 105 
 
 Ut fugerem exemplis vitiorum quseque notando. 
 
 par. c. 1. 31. 17. Cum me hortaretur, parce, frugaliter atque 
 
 Viverem uti contentus eo, quod mi ipse parasset : 
 
 mai. v. 135. Nonne vides, Albi ut male vivat filius atque 
 
 Barrus inops ? magnum documentum, ne patriam rem 
 Perdere quis velit. A turpi meretricis amore 111 
 
 Cum deterreret : Sectani dissimilis sis. 
 Ne sequerer mcechas, concessa cum venere uti 
 Possem : Deprensi non bella est fama Treboni, 
 Aiebat. Sapiens, vitatu quidque petitu 115 
 
 Sit nielius, causas reddet tibi ; mi satis est, si 
 
 117. c. i. 15. 12. Traditum ab antiquis morem servare tuamque, ■ 
 Dum custodis eges, vitam famamque tueri 
 
 119. s. 1. 9. 31. Incolumem possum ; simul ac duraverit agtas 
 
 Membra animumque tuum, nabis sine cortice. Sic me 
 
 87. imus. ('./'. A. T. 32) ,• avet. f>7. F puerost. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. I. v. 147 
 
 121 Formabat puerum dictis, et sive jubebat. f or . e. 2. 1. 128. 
 
 Ut facerem quid, Habes auctorem, quo facias hoc : 
 Uuum ex judicibus selectis obiciebat ; 
 Sive vetabat, Au hoc inhonestum et inutile factu 
 
 125 Necne sit addubites, flagret rumore malo cum 
 Hic atque ille ? Avidos vicinum funus ut segros 
 Exanimat mortisque metu sibi parcere cogit ; pa r. e. 1. 7. 11. 
 
 Sic teneros animos aliena opprobria ssepe 
 Absterrent vitiis. Ex hoc ego sanus ab illis, 
 
 130 Perniciem quaecumque ferunt, mediocribus et quis med. s. 1. 3. 20. 
 
 lgnoscas vitiis teneor ; fortassis et istinc 
 
 Largiter abstulerit longa eetas, liber amicus, [me 
 
 Consilium proprium ; neque enim, cum lectulus aut 
 
 Porticus excepit, desum mihi. Eectius hoc est ; des. s. 1. 9. 56. 
 
 135 Hoc faciens vivam melius : sic dulcis amicis dui. s. 1. 3. 69; 
 
 1:39. 
 Occurram ; hoc quidam non belle : numquid ego illi 
 
 Imprudens olim faciam simile ? Hsec ego mecum 
 
 Compressis agito labris ; ubi quid datur oti, 
 
 Illudo chartis. Hoc est mediocribus illis 
 
 140 Ex vitiis unum ; cui si concedere nolis, 
 
 Multa poetarum veniet manus, auxilio quae 
 
 Sit mihi ; nam multo plures sumus ac veluti te 
 
 Judsei cogemus in hanc concedere turbam. 
 
 V. 
 
 Egressum magna me excepit Aricia Roma 
 Hospitio modico ; rhetor comes Heliodorus, rhe s h 10 13 
 
 Grsecorum longe doctissimus : inde Forum Appi 
 Differtum nautis, cauponibus atque malignis. 
 » Hoc iter ignavi divisimus, altius ac nos 
 
 Prsecinctis unum : minus est gravis Appia tardis. 
 Hic ego propter aquam, quod erat deterrima, ventri 
 Indico bellum, cenantes haud animo sequo 
 
 141. veniat, (cp. C. 3. 3. 8.) 6. nimis. 7. teterrima, Bcnt. 
 
 ill. C. 1. 
 
148 Q. IfORATI FLACCI 
 
 Exspcctans comites. Jam nox induccrc tcrris 
 Umbras et caelo diffundere signa parabat j 10 
 
 Tum pueri nautis, pueris convicia nautae 
 
 Ohe, s. 2. 5. 96. Ingerere : Huc appelle ! Trecentos inscris ! Olic 
 Jam satis est ! Dum aes exigitur, dum mula ligatur, 
 Tota abit hora. Mali culices ranaeque palustrcs 
 Avertunt somnos, absentem ut cantat amicam 15 
 
 pio. s. 2. 4. 27. Multa prolutus vappa nauta atque viator 
 Incipit, ac missae pastum retinacula mulae 
 
 rei. c. i. 32. 7. Nauta piger saxo religat stertitque supinus. 
 
 Jamque dies aderat, nil cum procedere lintrcm 20 
 
 cer. s. 1. 9. ii. Sentimus ; donec cerebrosus prosilit unus 
 
 Ac mulae nautaeque caput lumbosque saligno 
 
 Fuste dolat ; quarta vix demum exponimur hora. 
 
 Ora manusque tua lavimus, Feronia. lympha. 
 
 Milia tum pransi tria repimus atque subimus 25 
 
 Impositum saxis late candentibus Anxur. 
 
 Huc venturus erat Maecenas, optimus atque 
 
 Cocceius, missi magnis de rebus uterque 
 
 Legati, aversos soliti componere amicos. 
 
 Hic oculis ego nigra meis collyria lippus 30 
 
 Illinere. Interea Maecenas advenit atque 
 
 Cocceius Capitoque simul Fonteius, ad unguem 
 
 Factus homo, Antoni non ut magis alter amicus. 
 
 Fundos Aufidio Lusco praetore libenter 
 
 Linquimus, insani ridentes praemia scribae, 35 
 
 da. s. i. e. 28. Praetextam et latum clavum prunaeque batillum. 
 In Mamurrarum lassi deinde urbe manemus, 
 
 prce. c. 3. 19. 7. Murena praebente doinum, Capitone culinam. 
 Postera lux oritur multo gratissima : namque 
 
 4 o. e. 2. 1. 217. Plotius et Varius Sinuessae Virgiliusque 40 
 
 S. 1.10. 44. _. 
 
 Occurrunt, animse quales neque candidiores 
 Terra tulit neque quis me sit devinctior alter. 
 O qui complexus et gaudia quanta fuerunt ! 
 Nil ego contulerim jucundo sanus amico. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. I. v. 149 
 
 45 Proxima Campano ponti quae villula, tectum vii. s. 2. 3. 10, 
 
 Praebuit, et parochi quse debent ligna salemque. 
 
 Hinc muli Capuse clitellas tempore ponunt. 
 
 Lusum it Msecenas, dormitum ego Virgiliusque ; 
 
 Namque pila lippis inimicum et ludere crudis. P u. s. 2. 2. 11. 
 
 50 Hinc nos Cocceii recipit plenissima villa, 
 
 Quse super est Caudi cauponas. Nunc mihi paucis 
 
 Sarmenti scurrae pugnam Messique Cicirrhi, 
 
 Musa, velim memores, et quo patre natus uterque 
 
 Contulerit lites. Messi clarum genus Osci ; 
 55 Sarmenti domina exstat : ab his majoribus orti 
 
 Ad pugnam venere. Prior Sarmentus : Equi te 
 
 Esse feri similem dico. Ridemus_, et ipse 
 
 Messius : Accipio ; caput et movet : O, tua cornu 
 
 Ni foret exsecto frons, inquit, quid faceres, cum 
 60 Sic mutilus minitaris ? At illi foeda cicatrix 
 
 Setosam laevi frontem turpaverat oris. 
 
 Campanum in morbum, in faciem permulta jocatus, 
 
 Pastorem saltaret uti Cyclopa rogabat : 63. e. 2. 2. 125. 
 
 Nil illi larva aut tragicis opus esse cothurnis. 
 65 Multa Cicirrhus ad hsec : Donasset jamne catenam 
 
 Ex voto Laribus, quasrebat ; scriba quod esset, 
 
 Nihilo deterius dominae jus esse ; rogabat 
 
 Denique, cur umquam fugisset^ cui satis una 
 
 Farris libra foret, gracili sic tamque pusillo. 
 70 Prorsus jucunde cenam produximus illam. 
 
 Tendimus hinc recta Beneventuin, ubi sedulus hospes 
 
 Paene macros arsit dum turdos versat in igni : 
 
 Nam vaga per veterem dilapso flamma culinam 
 
 Yulcano summum properabat lambere tectum. 
 75 Convivas avidos cenam servosque timentes 
 
 Tum rapere atque omnes restinguere velle videres. 
 
 Incipit ex illo montes Apulia notos 
 
 Ostentare mihi, quos torret Atabulus et quos 
 
 60. miuiteris. 70. produciiuus. 
 
L60 Q. IIORATI FLACCl 
 
 Numquam erepsemus, nisi nos vicina Trivici 
 
 Villa recepisset lacrimoso non sine fumo, 80 
 
 Udos cum foliis ramos urente camino. 
 
 Hic ego mendacem stultissimus usque puellam 
 
 Ad mediam noctem exspecto ; somnus tamen aufert 
 
 Intentum veneri ; tum immundo sorania visu 
 
 Nocturnam vestem maculant ventremque supinum. 85 
 
 Quatuor hinc rapimur viginti et milia redis, 
 
 Mansuri oppidulo, quod versu dicere non est, 
 
 Signis perfacile est : venit vilissima rerum 
 
 Hic aqua, sed panis longe pulcherrimus, ultra 
 
 ume. s. 1. 1. 47. Callidus ut soleat umeris portare viator ; 90 
 
 Nam Canusi lapidosus, aquse non ditior urna 
 Qui locus a forti Diomede est conditus olim. 
 Flentibus hinc Varius discedit msestus amicis. 
 Inde Rubos fessi pervenimus, utpote longum 
 Carpentes iter et factum corruptius imbri. 95 
 
 Postera tempestas melior, via pejor ad usque 
 Bari mcenia piseosi ; dein Gnatia lymphis 
 
 ha. s. 2. 3. 8. Iratis exstructa dedit risusque jocosque, 
 
 Dum flamma sine thura liquescere limine sacro 
 Persuadere cupit. Credat Judseus Apella, 100 
 
 ioi. c. 1. 34. 2. Nc-n ego ; namque deos didici securum agere sevum ; 
 Nec, si quid miri faciat natura, deos id 
 Tristes ex alto cseli demittere tecto, 
 Brundisium longse finis chartseque viaeque est. 
 
 VI. 
 
 qui. Ep. 5. i. Non quia, Msecenas, Lydorum quidquid Etruscos 
 Incoluit fines, nemo generosior est te, 
 Nec quod avus tibi maternus fuit atque paternus 
 Olim qui magnis legionibus imperitarent, 
 
 86. rhedis. 88. ? perfacilest. 92. ? Dioniedest. 97. deliiiic. 
 99. tura. 104. ? viaequest ; est om. al. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB I. vi. 151 
 
 5 Ut plerique solent, naso snspendis adunco nas. s. 2. 8. 64. 
 
 1 ^ i-i - E. 1.19. 45. 
 
 Ignotos ut me hbertino patre natum. i ib . E# i. 20. 20. 
 
 Cum referre negas, quali sit quisque parente 
 
 Natus, dum ingenuus : persuades hoc tibi vere, 
 
 Ante potestatem Tulli atque ignobile regnum 
 10 Multos ssepe viros nullis majoribus ortos 
 
 Et vixisse probos, amplis et honoribus auctos ; 
 
 Contra Laevinum, Valeri genus, unde Superbus ««<*• c. 1. 12. 17. 
 
 Tarquinius regno pulsus fugit, unius assis 
 
 Non umquam pretio pluris licuisse notante 
 15 Judice quo nosti populo, qui stultus bonores 
 
 Ssepe dat indignis et famse servit ineptus, ™d. e. 1. 16.34. 
 
 Qui stupet in titulis et imaginibus. Quid oportet tu. c. 4. 14. 4. 
 
 Nos facere a volgo longe longeque remotos ? 
 
 Namque esto, populus Lsevino mallet honorem 
 20 Quam Decio mandare novo, censorque moveret 
 
 Appius, ingenuo si non essem patre natus : 
 
 Vel merito, quoniam in propria non pelle quiessem. 
 
 Sed fulgente trahit constrictos Gloria curru 23- e. 2. 1. 177. 
 
 Non minus ignotos generosis. Quo tibi, Tilli, 
 25 Sumere depositum clavum fierique tribuno ? 
 
 Invidia accrevit, privato quse minor esset. 
 
 Nam ut quisque insanus nigris medium impediit crus 
 
 Pellibus et latum demisit pectore clavum, 
 
 Audit continuo : Quis homo hic est ? quo patre natus ? p«*. e. 1. 7. 54. 
 30 Ut si qui segrotet quo morbo Barrus, haberi 
 
 Ut cupiat formosus, eat quacumque, puellis 
 
 Injiciat curam quserendi singula, quali 
 
 Sit facie, sura, quali pede, dente, capillo : 
 
 Sic qui promittit cives, urbem sibi curse 
 35 Imperium fore et Italiam, delubra deorum, dj. c. 3. 6. 2. 
 
 Quo patre sit natus, num ignota matre inhonestus, 
 
 Omnes mortales curare et quserere cogit. 
 
 Tune Syri, Damse aut Dionysi filius, audes 
 
 18. longe lateque. 29. hic aut ; hic et : natust, S, 35. et delubra. 
 
152 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Dcicerc e saxo cives aut tradere Cadmo ? 
 
 At Novius collega gradu post me sedet uno : 40 
 
 Namque est ille, pater quod erat meus. Hoc tibi Paullus 
 
 i>ia. e. 2. 2. 7i. Et Messalla videris ? At hic, si plaustra ducenta 
 Concurrantque foro tria funera, magna sonabit 
 Cornua quod vincatque tubas j saltem tenet hoc nos. 
 Nunc ad me redeo libertino patre natum, 45 
 
 rod. s. i. 4. 8i. Quem rodunt omnes libertino patre natum, 
 
 E. 1. 18. 82. 
 
 Nunc, quia sum tibi, Msecenas, convictor, at olim, 
 Quod mihi pareret legio Romana tribuno. 
 Dissimile hoc illi est : quia non ut forsit honorem 
 Jure mihi invideat quivis, ita te quoque amicum, 50 
 Mg. e. i. 7. 22. Praesertim cautum dignos assumere prava 
 amb. s. i. io.84. Ambitione procul. Felicem dicere non hoc 
 Me possim, casu quod te sortitus amicum : 
 Nulla etenim mihi te fors obtulit : optimus olim 
 t ir. s. i. io. g; Virgilius, post hunc Varius dixere quid essem. 55 
 
 Ut veni coram, singultim pauca locutus, 
 Infans namque pudor prohibebat plura profari, 
 Non ego me claro natum patre, non ego circum 
 Me Satureiano vectari rura cabalto, 
 Sed quod eram narro. Respondes, ut tuus est mos, 60 
 6i. s. 2. 6. 4i. Pauca ; abeo, et revocas nono post mense jubesque 
 
 Esse in amicorum numero. Magnum hoc ego duco, 
 pia. e. 1. 17. 3. Quod placui tibij qui turpi secernis honestum, 
 pur. e. i. 2. 67. Non patre prseclaro sed vita et pectore puro. 
 
 Atqui si vitiis mediocribus ac mea paucis 65 
 
 Mendosa est natura, alioqui recta, velut si 
 
 Egregio inspersos reprehendas corpore nsevos, 
 
 Si neque avaritiam neque sordes aut mala lustra 
 
 Objiciet vere quisquam mihi_, purus et insons, 
 
 Ut me collaudem, si et vivo carus amicis ; 70 
 
 Causa fuit pater his, qui macro pauper agello 
 
 Noluit in Elavi ludum me mittere, magni 
 
 41. uamquest. 42. plostra, (O.) contr. E. 2. 2. 74. 49. ? illist. 
 
 53. possum : possuut. 66. ? meudosast. 68. ae, uec, mala. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. I. vi. 153 
 
 Quo pueri magnis e centurionibus orti, 
 
 Lsevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto, u- E - ** *■ 56 - 
 
 75 Ibant octonis referentes Idibus sera : 
 
 Sed puerum est ausus Romam portare docendum 
 
 ArteSj quas doceat quivis eques atque senator 
 
 Semet prognatos. Vestem servosque sequentes 
 
 In magno ut populo si qui vidisset, avita 
 80 Ex re prseberi sumptus mihi crederet illos. 
 
 Ipse mihi custos incorruptissimus omnes 
 
 Circum doctores aderat. Quid multa ? Pudicum, 
 
 Qui primus virtutis honos, servavit ab omni 
 
 Non solum facto verum opprobrio quoque turpi, 
 85 Nec timuit, sibi ne vitio quis verteret, olim 
 
 ' Si prseco parvas aut, ut fuit ipse, coactor pr<e. e. i. 7. 56. 
 
 Mercedes sequerer ; neque ego essem questus : at 
 hoc nunc 
 
 Laus illi debetur et a me gratia major. 
 
 Nil me poeniteat sanum patris hujus ; eoque 
 90 Nom ut magna dolo factum negat esse suo pars, 
 
 Quod non ingenuos habeat clarosque parentes, 
 
 Sic me defendam. Longe mea discrepat istis 
 
 Et vox et ratio : nam si natura juberet 
 
 A certis annis sevum remeare peractum 
 95 Atque alios legere ad fastum quoscumque parentes 
 
 Optaret sibi quisque, meis contentus honestos 
 
 Fascibus et sellis nollem mihi sumere, demens 
 
 Judicio volgi, sanus fortasse tuo, quod 
 
 Nollem onus haud umquam solitus portare molestum. 
 lOONam mihi continuo major quserenda foret res sal E -, 6 52 
 
 Atque salutandi plures, ducendus et unus 
 
 Et comes alter, uti ne solus rusve peregreve C ai. e. i. 14. 42. 
 
 Exirem, plures calones atque caballi pet E 2 L 192 
 
 Pascendi, ducenda petorrita. Nunc mihi curto 
 105Ire licet mulo vel si libet usque Tarentum, 
 
 Mantica cui lumbos onere ulceret atque eques armos ; 
 
 76. ? puerumst. 79. si quis. 96. honustos ; S. 
 
1 6 I Q. IIOIUTI TLACCl 
 
 Obiciet ncmo sordes mihi, quas tibi, Tilli, 
 
 Cum Tiburte via prajtorem quinque sequuntur 
 
 Te pueri, lasanum portantes oenophorumque, 
 
 Hoc ego commodius quam tu, prseclare scnator, 110 
 
 Milibus atque aliis vivo. Quacumque libido est, 
 
 Incedo solus, percontor quanti olus ac far ; 
 
 Fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro 
 
 Ssepe forum, assisto divinis, inde domum me 
 
 Ad porri et ciceris refero laganique catinum; 115 
 
 Cena ministratur pueris tribus, et lapis albus 
 
 cya. c. 3. s. 13. Pocula cum cyatho duo sustinet, adstat echinus 
 Vilis, cum patera guttus, Campana supellex. 
 Deinde eo dormitum non sollicitus, mihi quod cras 
 Surgendum sit mane, obeundus Marsya, qui se 120 
 Voltum ferre negat Noviorum posse minoris. 
 Ad quartam jaeeo ; post hanc vagor ; aut ego lecto 
 Aut scripto quod me tacitum juvet, ungor olivo, 
 Non quo fraudatis immundus Natta lucernis. 
 Ast ubi me fessum sol acrior ire lavatum 125 
 
 Cam. s. 2. 3. 144. Admonuit,, fugio Campum lusumque trigonem. 
 Pransus non avide, quantum interpellet inani 
 Ventre diem durare, domesticus otior. Hsec est 
 Vita solutorum misera ambitione gravique ; 
 His me consolor victurum suavius ac si 130 
 
 Qusestor avus pater atque meus patrUusque fuisset. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Proscriptt Kegis Rupili pus atque venenum 
 Hybrida quo pacto sit Persius ultus, opinor 
 Omnibus et lippis notum et tonsoribus esse. 
 Persius hic permagna negotia dives habebat 
 Clazomenis, etiam lites cum Rege molestas, 
 
 107. objiciet. 108. secuntiir, b. c. 111. ? libidost. 
 131. fuissent, {cp. C. 1. 24. 8.) 
 
SATIRARVM LIB. I. vii. 155 
 
 Durus homo atque odio qui posset vincere Regem, 
 
 Confidens tumidusque^ adeo sermonis amari, 
 
 Sisennas, Barros ut equis prsecurreret albis. 
 
 Ad Regem redeo. Postquam nihil inter utrumque 
 10 Convenit ; hoc etenim sunt omnes jure molesti, 
 
 Quo fortes, quibus adversum bellum incidit : inter 
 
 Hectora Priamiden animosum atque inter Achillem 
 
 Ira fuit capitalis, ut ultima divideret mors, 
 
 Non aliam ob causanr, nisi quod virtus in utroque 
 15 Summa fnit ; duo si discordia vexet inertes 
 
 Aut si disparibus bellum incidat, ut Dioinedi 
 
 Cum Lycio Glauco, discedat pigrior ultro 
 
 Muneribus missis. Bruto praetore tenente 
 
 Ditem Asiam_, Bupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non 
 20 Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius. In jus 
 
 Acres procurrunt, magnum spectaculum uterque. 
 
 Persius exponit causam ; ridetur ab omni 
 
 Conventu : laudat Brutum laudatque cohortem, 
 
 Solem Asise Brutum appellat, stellasque salubres 
 25 Appellat comites, excepto Rege : Canem illum, 
 
 Invisum agricolis sidus, venisse ; ruebat 
 
 Flumen ut hibernum, fertur quo rara securis. 
 
 Tum Prsenestinus salso multoque fluenti 
 
 Expressa arbusto regerit convicia, durus 
 30 Vindemiator et invictus,, cui ssepe viator 
 
 Cessisset magna compellans voce cuculum. com . s. 2. 3. 297 
 
 At Grsecus, postquam est Italo perfusus aceto, 
 
 Persius exclamat : Per magnos, Brute, deos te 
 
 Oro, qui reges consueris tollere, cur non 
 35 Hunc Regem jugulas? Operum hoc, mihi crede, 
 tuorum est. 
 
 31. cucullum. 32. ? postquamst. 35. ? tuorumst. 
 
150 Q. llORATI FLJCCl 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Olim truncus cram ficulnus, inutile lignum, 
 
 Cum faber incertus scamnum faceretne Priapum, 
 
 Maluit esse deum ; deus inde ego, furum aviumque 
 
 Maxima formido : nam fures dextra coercet 
 
 Obscenoque ruber porrectus ab inguine palus : 5 
 
 Ast importunas volucres in vertice arundo 
 
 Terret fixa vetatque novis considere in hortis. 
 
 Huc prius angustis ejecta cadavera cellis 
 
 Conservus vili portanda locabat in arca ; 
 
 Hoc miserse plebi stabat commune sepulcrum, 10 
 
 ii. s. 2. i. 22. Pantolabo scurrse Nomentanoque nepoti. 
 
 Mille pedes in fronte, trecentos cippus in agrum 
 Hic dabat, heredes monumentum ne sequeretur. 
 Nunc licet Esquiliis habitare salubribus atque 
 Aggere in aprico spatiari, quo modo tristes 15 
 
 Albis informem spectabant ossibus agrum ; 
 
 i^. Ep. 5. ioo. Cum mihi non tantum furesque ferseque suetae 
 Hunc vexare locum curse suut atque labori, 
 
 ven. Ep. 5. 87. Quantum carminibus quse versant atque venenis 
 
 Humanos animos : has nullo perdere possum 20 
 
 Nec prohibere modo, simul ac vaga Luna decorum 
 Protulit os, quin ossa legant herbasque nocentes. 
 Vidi egomet nigra succinctam vadere palla 
 Canidiam pedibus nudis passoque capillo, 
 Cum Sagana majore ululantem ; pallor utrasque 25 
 Eecerat horrendas adspectu. Scalpere terram 
 Unguibus et pullam divellere mordicus agnam 
 Cceperunt ; cruor in fossam confusus, ut inde 
 Manes elicerent, animas responsa daturas. 
 Lanea et effigies erat, altera cerea : major 30 
 
 Lanea quse poenis compesceret inferiorem ; 
 Cerea suppliciter stabat, servilibus ut quse 
 
 15. qua, Bent. conj. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. I. ix. 157 
 
 Jam peritura modis. Hecaten vocat altera, ssevam 
 
 Altera Tisiphonen : serpentes atque videres 
 35 Iufernas errare canes, Lunamque rubentem, 
 
 Ne foret his testis, post magna latere sepulcra. 
 
 Mentior at si quid, merdis caput inquiner albis 
 
 Corvorum; atque in me veniat mictum atque cacatum 
 
 Julius et fragilis Pediatia furque Voranus. 
 40 Singula quid memorem ? quo pacto alterna loquentes 
 
 Umbrse cum Sagana resonarent triste et acutum, 
 
 ITtque lupi barbam varise cum dente colubrae 
 
 Abdiderint furtim terris et imagine cerea 
 
 Largior arserit ignis, et ut non testis inultus 
 45 Horruerim voces Furiarum et facta duarum. 
 
 Nam, displosa sonat quantum vesica, pepedi 
 
 Diffissa nate ficus ; at illse currere in urbem. 
 
 Canidiae dentes, altum Saganse caliendrum 
 
 Excidere atque herbas atque incantata lacertis 
 50 Vincula, cum magno risuque jocoque videres. 
 
 IX. 
 
 Ibam forte Via Sacra, sicut meus est mos 
 Neseio quid meditans nugarum, totus in illis ; 
 Accurrit quidam notus mihi nomine tantum, 
 Arreptaque manu : Quid agis, dulcissime rerum ? 
 5 Suaviter, ut nunc est, inquarn, et cupio omnia quae 
 vis. 
 Cum assectaretur : Num quid vis ? occupo. At ille : 
 Noris nos, inquit : docti sumus. Hic ego : Pluris 
 Hoc, inquam, mihi eris. Misere discedere quaerens, 
 Ire modo ocius, interdum consistere, in aurem 
 10 Dicere nescio quid puero, cum sudor ad imos 
 Manaret talos ; O te, Bolane, cerebri 
 Felicem ! aiebam tacitus ; cum quidlibet ille 
 
 38. veniant. 
 
 N 
 
 Via 
 
 Sa 
 
 .Ep. 
 
 4.7; 
 7.8. 
 
 tot. 
 
 E. 
 
 1. 1. 
 
 11. 
 
 sua, 
 
 E 
 
 1. 8 
 
 .4. 
 
153 Q. IlORATl FLACCI 
 
 Garrirct, vicos, urbem laudaret. Ut illi 
 
 Nil respondcbam : Miserc cupis, inquit, abire : 
 
 ». ag. Ep.17. 8i. Jam dudum video ; sed nil agis : usque tcncbo ; 15 
 Pcrsequar. Hinc quo nunc iter est tibi ? Nil opus est tc 
 Circumagi : quendam volo visere non tibi notum ; 
 
 cub. s. 2. 3. 289. Trans Tiberim longe cubat is, prope Caesaris hortos. 
 
 Nil habeo quod agam et non sumpiger : usque sequar te. 
 Demitto auriculas, ut iniquse mentis asellus, 20 
 
 Cum gravius dorso subiit onus. Incipit ille : 
 
 ns. s. i. io. 83. Si bene me novi, non Viscum pluris amicum, 
 
 Var. c. i. 6. i. Non Varium facies : nam quis me scribere plures 
 Aut citius possit versus ? quis membra movere 
 
 Ber. s. i. 3.129. Mollius ? invideat quod et Hermogenes, ego canto. 25 
 Interpellandi locus hic erat : Est tibi mater, 
 Cognati, quis te salvo est opus ? Haud mihi quisquam ; 
 Omnes composui. Felices ! nunc ego resto. 
 
 Sab. e p . 17. 28. Confice : namque instat fatum mihi triste, Sabella 
 
 Quod puero cecinit divina mota anus urna : 30 
 
 Hunc neque dira venena nec hosticus auferet ensis 
 Nec laterum dolor aut tussis nec tarda podagra ; 
 Garrulus hunc quando consumet cumque : loquaces 
 Si sapiat vitet, simul atque adoleverit aetas. 
 
 ves. c. i. 2. 16. Ventum erat ad Vestse, quarta jam parte diei 35 
 
 vad. s i. i. n. Prseterita, et casu tunc respondere vadato 
 Debebat ; quod ni fecisset, perdere litem. 
 
 ade. s. 2. 6. 35. Si me amas, inquit, paulum hic ades. Inteream si 
 
 int. S. 2. 1. 6. . . ... . 
 
 Aut valeo stare aut novi civiha jura ; 
 Et propero quo scis. Dubius sum quid faciam, inquit, 40 
 Tene relinquam an rem. Me, sodes. Non faciam, ille, 
 Et prsecedere coepit ; ego, ut contendere dururu est 
 Cum victore, sequor. Maecenas quomodo tecum ? 
 Hinc repetit ; paucorum hominum et mentis bene sanse ; 
 Nemo dexterius fortuna est usus. Haberes 45 
 
 Magnum adjutorem, posset qui ferre secundas, 
 
 16. Perseqnar hinc,...tibi, (O.) 27. ? salvost ; haut, S. 
 
 42. ? chu-mnst : est om. MSS. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. I. ix. 159 
 
 Hunc hominem velles si traderej dispeream ni u-a. e. i. 9. 3; 
 
 C ^T • • • -ll- 18 ' 78 ' 
 
 Summosses omnes. Non lsto vivimus lllic, 
 
 Quo tu rere, modo ; domus hac nec purior ulla est 
 50 Nec magis his aliena malis ; nil mi oflicit umquam, 
 
 Ditior hic aut est quia doctior ; est locus uni 
 
 Cuique suus. Magnum narras, vix credibile ! Atqui 
 
 Sic habet. Accendis quare cupiam magis illi 
 
 Proximus esse. Velis tantummodo : quse tua virtus, 
 55 Expugnabis; et est qui vinci possit, eoque 
 
 Difficiles aditus primos habet. Haud mihi deero : dee. s. 2. 1. 17. 
 
 Muneribus servos corrumpam ; non, hodie si 
 
 Exclusus fuero, desistam ; tempora quseram ; 
 
 Occurram in triviis ; deducam : Nil sine magno 
 60 Vita labore dedit mortalibus. Haec dum agit, ecce 
 
 Fuscus Aristius occurrit, mihi carus, et illum ah. c. 1. 22. 
 
 E. 1. 10. 
 
 Qui pulchre nosset. Consistimus. Unde venis ? et, 
 Quo tendis ? rogat et respondet. Vellere coepi 
 Et prensare manu lentissima bracchia, nutans, 
 
 65 Distorquens oculos^ ut me eriperet. Male salsus 
 Bidens dissimulare ; meum jecur urere bilis. 
 Certe nescio quid secreto velle loqui te 
 Aiebas mecum. ' Memini bene ; sed meliore 
 Tempore dicam : hodie tricesima sabbata : vin tu 
 
 70 Curtis Judseis oppedere ? Nulla mihi, inquam, 
 Religio est. At mi ; sum paulo infirmior ; unus 
 Multorum. Ignosces ; alias loquar. Huncine solem 
 Tam nigrum surrexe mihi ! Eugit improbus ac me 
 Sub cultro linquit. Casu venit obvius illi 
 
 75 Adversarius et — Quo tu turpissime ? magna 
 Inclamat voce et — Licet antestari ? Ego vero 
 Oppono auriculam. Rapit in jus; clamor utrimque, 
 Undique concursus. Sic me servavit Apollo. 
 
 48. vivitur, Bent. 49. ? ullast, 50. inquam. 64. pressare. 
 
 68. meliori. 69. vis tu, B. (cp. S. 2, 6. 92.) 71. ? Eeligiost. 
 
 76. exclamat. 
 
 N2 
 
100 Q. HOB.4TI FLACCl 
 
 X. 
 
 Lucili, quam sis mendosus, teste Catone 
 
 Dcfensore tuo pervincam, qui male factos 
 
 Emendare parat versus, hoc lenius ille 
 
 Est quo vir melior, longe subtilior illo, 
 
 Qui multum puer et loris et funibus udis 5 
 
 Eochortatus , ut esset opem qui ferre poetis 
 
 Antiquis posset contra fastidia nostra, 
 
 Grammaticorum equitum doctissimus. Ut redeam illuc. 
 
 Nempe incomposito dixi pede currere versus 
 
 Lucili : quis tam Lucili fautor inepte est, 
 
 Ut non hoc fateatur ? At idern, quod sale multo 
 
 Urbem defricuit, charta laudatur eadem. 
 
 Nec tamen hoc tribuens dederim quoque cetera ; nam sic 
 
 Et Laberi mimos ut pulchra poemata mirer. 6 
 
 Ergo non satis est risu diducere rictum 
 
 Auditoris ; et est qusedam tamen hic quoque virtus ; 
 
 Est brevitate opus, ut currat sententia neu se 
 
 Impediat verbis lassas onerantibus aures ; 10 
 
 Et sermone opus est modo tristi, saepe jocoso, 
 
 rhe. s. i. 5. 2. Defendente vicem modo rhetoris atque poetse, 
 Interdum urbani, parcentis viribus atque 
 
 rid. s. 1. 1. 24 Extenuantis eas consulto. Hidiculum acri 
 
 Eortius et melius magnas plerumque secat res. 15 
 
 16. s. i. 4. i. Tlli scripta quibus comcedia prisca viris est 
 
 Hoc stabant, hoc sunt imitandi ; quos neque pulcher 
 Hermogenes umquam legit, neque simius iste 
 Nil praeter Calvum et doctus cantare Catullum. 
 At magnum fecit, quod verbis Grseca Latinis 20 
 
 Miscuit. O seri studiorum ! quine putetis 
 Difficile et mirum, Rhodio quod Pitholeonti 
 Contigit ? At sermo lingua concinnus utraque 
 2. ? ineptest. 
 
vet. C. 4. 15. 1. 
 Qui. C. 3. 3. 15. 
 
 SATIRARUM LIB. I. x. 161 
 
 Suavior, ut Chio nota si commixta Falerni est. n»t. c. 2. 3. s. 
 
 25 Cum versus facias ; te ipsum percontor, an et cum 
 
 Dura tibi peragenda rei sit causa Petilli ? 26. s. 1. 4. 94. 
 
 Scilicet oblitus patriseque patrisque, Latine 
 
 Cum Pedius causas exsudet Poplicola atque 
 
 Corvinus, patriis intermiscere petita 
 30 Verba foris malis, Canusini more bilinguis. 
 
 Atque ego cum Grsecos facerem natus mare citra 
 
 Versiculos, vetuit me tali voce Quirinus, 
 
 Post mediam noctem visus, cum somnia vera : 
 
 In silvam non ligna feras insanius ac si 
 35 Magnas Grsecorum malis implere catervas. 
 
 Turgidus Alpinus jugulat dum Memnona dumque 
 
 Defingit Rheni luteum caput, hsec ego ludo, iud. c. 1. 32. 2. 
 
 Quse neque in sede sonent certantia judice Tarpa, Tar. a. p. 337. 
 
 Nec redeant iterum atque iterum spectanda theatris. 
 40 Arguta meretrice potes Davoque Chremeta a rg. e. 1. 14. 42. 
 
 Eludente senem comis garrire libellos gar . s. 2. 6. 77. 
 
 Unus vivorum, Fundani ; Pollio regum PoL c . 2. 1. 9. 
 
 Facta canit pede ter percusso ; forte epos acer ace E 2 : 165 
 
 Ut nemo Varius ducit ; molle atque facetum 
 45 Virgilio annuerunt gaudentes rure Camenae. 
 
 Hoc erat, experto frustra Varrone Atacino 
 
 Atque quibusdam aliis_, melius quod scribere possem, 
 
 Inventore minor ; neque ego ilii detrahere ausim inVi s. 2. 1. 63. 
 
 Hserentem capiti cum multa laude coronam. 
 50 At dixi fluere hunc lutulentum, ssepe ferentem 
 
 Plura quidem tollenda relinquendis. Age^ quseso, 
 
 Tu nihil in magno doctus reprehendis Homero ? 
 
 Nil comis tragici mutat Lucilius Acci ? AcCi E . 2. 1. w. 
 
 Non ridet versus Enni ffravitate minores. Enn. e. 2. 1. 50. 
 
 A. P. 259. 
 
 55 Cum de se loquitur non ut majore reprensis ? 
 Quid vetat et nosmet Lucili scripta legentes 
 Quserere, num illius, num rerum dura negarit 
 
 24. ? Falernist. 27. oblitos, B. couj, ; Latini. 
 
162 Q. HORATI FLACCI SAT. I. ix. 
 
 Versiculos natura magis factos et euntcs 
 Mollius ac si quis pedibus quid claudere senis, 
 duc. s. 1. 4. 9. Hoc tantum contentus, amet scripsisse ducentoi CO 
 
 Ante cibum versus, totidem cenatus ; Etrusci 
 Quale fuit Cassi rapido ferventius amni 
 Ingenium, capsis quem fama est esse librisque 
 Ambustum propriis. Fuerit Lucilius, inquam, 
 Comis et urbanus, fuerit limatior idem C5 
 
 Quam rudis et Graecis intacti carminis auctor, 
 Quamque poetarum seniorum turba ; sed ille, 
 Si foret hoc nostrum fato dilatus in sevum, 
 rec. a. p. U7. Detereret sibi multa, recideret omne quod ultra 
 
 Perfectum traheretur, et in versu faciendo 70 
 
 Saepe caput scaberet, vivos et roderet ungues. 
 Ssepe stilum vertas iterum quse digna legi sint 
 Scripturus, neque te ut miretur turba labores, 
 74. e. i. 19. 34. Contentus paucis lectoribus. An tua demens 
 dic. e. 2. i. 7i. ■ Vilibus in ludis dictari carmina malis ? 75 
 
 equ. E/2. i. 185. Non ego : nam satis est equitem mihi plaudere, ut audax 
 Contemptis aliis explosa Arbuscula dixit. 
 Men moveat cimex Pantilius, aut cruciet quod 
 Vellicet absentem Demetrius, aut quod ineptus 
 Fannius Hermogenis laedat conviva Tigelli ? 80 
 
 pio. s. i. 5. 40. Plotius et Varius, Msecenas Virgiliusque, 
 Tai. c. 2. 9. Valgius et probet hsec Octavius, optimus atque 
 Fus. s. i. 9. 6i. Fuscus et haec utinam Viscorum laudet uterque. 
 amb. s. i. 6. 52. Ambitione relegata te dicere possum_, 
 
 Pollio, te, Messalla, tuo cum fratre simulque 85 
 
 can. e. i. 4. i. Vos, Bibule et Servi, simul his te, candide Fumi, 
 
 Complures alios, doctos ego quos et amicos 
 pm. a. p. 462. Prudens prsetereo ; quibus haec, sunt qualiacunque, 
 Arridere veliin, doliturus si placeant spe 
 Deterius nostra. Demetri, teque, Tigelli, 90 
 
 Discipularum inter jubeo plorare cathedras. 
 I,, puer, atque meo citus hsec subscribe libello. 
 
 63. ? famast. 8S. sint. 
 
163 
 
 Q. HORATI FLACCI SATIRAE 
 
 LIBEE SECTJNDTTS. 
 i. 
 
 Sunt quibus in satira videor nimis acer et ultra 
 Legem tendere opus ; sine nervis altera quidquid 
 Composui pars esse putat similesque meorurn 
 Mille die versus deduci posse. Trebatr, 
 5 Quid faciamprsescribe. Quiescas. Ne faciam, inquis, 
 
 Omnino versus ? Aio. Peream male, si non P er. s. 1. 9. 3s 
 
 Optimum erat ; verum nequeo dormire. Ter uncti 
 Transnanto Tiberim, somno quibus est opus alto, 
 Irriguumque mero sub noctem corpus habento. 
 
 10 Aut, si tantus amor scribendi te rapit, aude 
 Csesaris invicti res dicere, multa laborum 
 Prsemia laturus. Cupidum, pater optime, vires 
 Deficiunt : neque enim quivis horrentia pilis I3 - c - \ 6 2 \ 7 
 
 Agmina nec fracta pereuntes cuspide Gallos 
 
 15 Aut labentis equo describat vulnera Parthi. 
 Attamen etjustum poteras et scribere fortem, 
 Scipiadam ut sapiens Lucilius. Haud mihi deero, 
 Cum res ipsa feret : nisi dextro tempore, Flacci dex - s - 2 - 4 - 4 - 
 
 Verba per attentam non ibunt Csesaris aurem ; 
 
 20 Cui male si palpere, recalcitrat undique tutus. 
 
 1. viclear. 15. describit. 
 
104 Q. IIOIUTI FLACCl 
 
 Quanto rcctius hoc quam tristi lscdere versu 
 32. s. 1. 8. n. Pantolabum scurram Nomcntanumque nepotem, 
 int. e. 2. 1. 1«. Cum sibi quisque timet, quamquam est intactus, ct odit. 
 Quid faciam ? Saltat Milonius, ut semel icto 
 Accessit fervor capiti numerusque lucernis ; 25 
 
 26. c. i. 12. 26. Castor gaudet equis, ovo prognatus eodem 
 
 Piignis ; quot capitum vivunt, totidem studiorum 
 Milia : me pedibus delectat claudere verba 
 Lucili ritu, nostrum melioris utroque. 
 Ille velut fidis arcana sodalibus olim 30 
 
 Credebat libris, neque si male cesserat umquam 
 Decurrens alio, neque si bene ; quo fit, ut omnis 
 Votiva pateat veluti descripta tabella 
 Yita senis. Sequor hunc, Lucanus an Apulus anceps :, 
 Nam Venusinus arat finem sub utrumque colonus, 35 
 Missus ad hoc pulsis, vetus est ut fama, Sabellis, 
 Quo ne per vacuum Romano incurreret hostis, 
 Sive quod Apula gens seu quod Lucania bellum 
 sti. s. i. io. 72. Incuteret violenta. Sed hic stilus haud petet ultro 
 
 Quemquam animantem et me veluti custodiet ensis 40 
 Vagina tectus ; quem cur destringere coner 
 Tutus ab infestis latronibus ? O pater et rex 
 Juppiter, ut pereat positum rubigine telum 
 Nec quisquam noceat cupido mihi pacis ! at ille_, 
 Qui me commorit, — melius non tangere, clanio — 45 
 4 6 e i 13 9. Flebit et insignis tota cantabitur urbe. 
 Cervius iratus leges minitatur et urnam, 
 Canidia Albuti quibus est inimica venenum, 
 Grande malum Turius, si quid se judice certes. 
 Ut, quo quisque valet, suspectos terreat, utque 50 
 
 Imperet hoc natura potens, sic collige mecum : 
 Dente lupus, cornu taurus petit : unde nisi intus 
 Monstratum ? Scsevse vivacem crede nepoti 
 Matrern : nil faciet sceleris pia dextera ; mirum, 
 
 23. y quamquamst. 
 
SATIRJRUM LIB. II i. 163 
 
 55 Ut, neque calce lupus quemquam neque dente petit 
 bos : 
 
 Sed mala tollet anum vitiato melle cicuta. 
 
 Ne longum faciam : seu me tranquilla senectus 
 
 Exspectat seu Mors atris circumvolat alis, aii. c. 2. 17. 25. 
 
 Dives, inops_, Romae_, seu fors ita jusserit, exsul, 
 60 Quisquis erit vitse, scribam_, color. O puer ; ut sis C oi. e. 1. 17. 23. 
 
 Vitalis metuo, et majorum ne quis amicus ma j. e. 1. 17. 2. 
 
 Frigore te feriat. Quid ? cum est Lucilius ausus 
 
 Primus in hunc operis componere carmina morem, 
 
 Detrahere et pellem, nitidus qua quisque per ora 6 4 . e. 1. ig. 15. 
 65 Cederet introrsum turpis ; num Lselius aut qui 
 
 Duxit ab oppressa meritum Carthagine nomen, 66 . c . 4. 8. is. 
 
 Insrenio offensi aut lseso doluere Metello i<es. v. 21. 
 
 _ . _. •-, o a • S. 1. 10. 80. 
 
 _= amosisque Lupo cooperto versibus ? Atqui 
 
 Primores populi arripuit populumque tributim, orr. s. 2. 3. 224. 
 
 70 Scilicet uni asquus virtuti atque ejus amicis. 
 
 Quin ubi se a volgo et scena in secreta remorant 
 
 Virtus Scipiadse et mitis sapientia Laeli, 
 
 Nugari cum illo et discincti ludere, donec nvg _ e. 1. is. m. 
 
 Decoqueretur olus^ soliti. Quidquid sum ego, quamvis oiu. s. 2. 7. 30. 
 75 Infra Lucili censum ingeniumque^ tamen me 17 - w. 
 
 35 ; 
 20.23. 
 
 Cum magnis vixisse invita fatebitur usque ? 6 - E - L l 
 
 Invidia et fragili quserens illidere dentem 
 
 Offendet solido, nisi quid tu_, docte Trebati, 
 
 Dissentis. Equidem nihil hinc diffindere possum ; 
 80 Sed tamen ut monitus caveas, ne forte negoti 
 
 Incutiat tibi quid sanctarum inscitia legum : 
 
 Si mala condiderit in quem quis carmina_, jus est sa. e. 2. 1. 152. 
 
 Judiciumque. Esto, si quis mala : sed bona si quis 
 
 Judice condiderit laudatus Csesare ? si quis 
 85 Opprobriis dignum latraverit_, integer ipse ? 
 
 Solventur risu tabulse, tu missus abibis. 
 
 62. ? cumst. 65, et qui. 71. vulgo. 84. laudatur. 
 
166 Q. HORATl FLACCl 
 
 II. 
 
 Qlvm virtus et quanta, boni, sit vivere parvo, — 
 Min. a. p. 385. Nec meus hic sermo est, sed quse prsecepit Ofella 
 Rusticus, abnormis sapiens, crassaque Minerva — 
 Discite non inter lances mensasque nitentes, 
 Cum stupet insanis acies Mgoribus, et cum 5 
 
 imp. s. 2. 3. 257. Acclinis falsis animus meliora recusat, 
 
 Verum hic impransi mecum disquirite. Cur hoc ? 
 Dicam, si potero. Male verum examinat omnis 
 Corruptus judex. Leporem sectatus equove 
 Lassus ab indomito vel, si Romana fatigat 10 
 
 Militia assuetum Grsecari, seu pila velox 
 Molliter austerum studio fallente laborem 
 Seu te discus agit, pete cedentem aera disco : 
 fas. s. i. 2. 114. Cum labor extuderit fastidia, siccus, inanis 
 
 Sperne cibum vilem, nisi Hymettia mella Falerno 15 
 atr. c. 3. 27. 18. Ne biberis diluta. Foris est promus^ et atrum 
 Defendens pisces hiemat mare : cum sale panis 
 Latrantem stomachum bene leniet. Unde putas aut 
 Qui partum ? Non in caro nidore voluptas 
 Summa, sed in te ipso est. Tu pulmentaria quaere 20 
 vit. v. 78. Sudando : pinguem vitiis albumque neque ostrea 
 
 32. Ep. 2. 50 ; Nec scarus aut poterit peregrina juvare lagois. 
 Vix tamen eripiam, posito pavone velis quin 
 Hoc potius quam gallina tergere palatum, 
 Corruptus vanis rerum, quia veneat auro 25 
 
 Rara avis et picta pandat spectacula cauda_, 
 Tamquam ad rem attineat quicquam. Num vesceris ista 
 Quam laudas pluma ? cocto num adest honor idem ? 
 Carne tamen, quamvis distat nil, hac magis illa. 
 Imparibus formis deceptum te patet. Esto : 30 
 
 2. ? sermost ; quein. 20. ? ipsost, 29. illam, b. S. 30. petere, S. 
 
 54. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB II. ii. 167 
 
 Unde datum sentis, lupus hic Tiberinus an alto . 
 
 Captus hiet, pontesne inter jactatus an amnis 
 
 Ostia sub Tusci ? Laudas, insane, trilibrem tus. c. 3. 7. 28. 
 
 Mullum, in singula quem minuas pulmenta necesse 
 est. 
 35 Ducit te species, video. Quo pertinet ergo 
 
 Proceros odisse lupos ? quia scilicet illis 
 
 Majorem natura modum dedit, his breve pondus. 
 
 Jejunus raro stomachus volgaria temnit. 
 
 Porrectum magno magnum spectare catino 
 40 Vellem, ait Harpyiis gula digna rapacibus. At vos, ***■ & \ J- JJ 1 * 
 
 Prsesentes Austri, coquite horum obsonia. Quam- 
 quam 
 
 Putet aper rhombusque recens, mala copia quando 
 
 iEgrum sollicitat stomachum, cum rapula plenus 
 
 Atque acidas mavult inulas. Necdum omnis abacta »»»• s. 2. 8. 51. 
 45 Pauperies epulis regum : nam vilibus ovis 
 
 Nigrisque est oleis hodie locus. Haud ita pridem 
 
 Galloni prseconis erat acipensere mensa 
 
 Infamis. Quid ? tum rhombos minus sequora ale- 
 bant ? 
 
 Tutus erat rhombus tutoque ciconia nido, 
 50 Donec vos auctor docuit prsetorius. Ergo 
 
 Si quis nunc mergos suaves edixerit assos, 
 
 Parebit pravi docilis Komana juventus. doc c. 4. 6. 4.3. 
 
 Sordidus a tenui victu distabit Ofella 
 
 Judice : nam frustra vitium vitaveris illud, 
 55 Si te alio pravum detorseris. Avidienus, 
 
 Cui Canis ex vero dictum cognomen adhseret, 
 
 Quinquennes oleas est et silvestria eorna, 
 
 Ac nisi mutatum parcit defundere vinum et, mut s. 2. s. 50. 
 
 Cujus odorem olei nequeas perferre, licebit 
 60 Ille repotia, natales aliosve dierum 
 
 34. ? necessest. 38. vulgaria. 48. sequor alebat. 55. pravus. 
 56. ductum. 
 
163 Q. 1I0RATI FUC02 
 
 Festos albatus celebret, cornu ipse bilibri 
 Caulibus instillat, veteris non parcus aceti. 
 
 6 3 . c. 1. bi. 15. Quali igitur victu sapiens utetur ? et horum 
 
 Utrum imitabitur ? Hac urget lupus, hac canis, aiunt. 
 Mundus erit qua non offendat sordibus atque 65 
 
 In neutram partem cultus miser. Hic neque servis 
 
 Hian.«.8i. Albuti senis exemplo, dum munia didit, 
 
 Saevus erit, nec sic ut simplex Nsevius unctam 
 
 prce. s. 1. 4. 88. Convivis prsebebit aquam : vitium hoc quoque magnum. 
 Accipe nunc, victus tenuis quse quantaque secum 70 
 Afferat. In primis valeas bene : nam variae res 
 Ut noceant homini, credas memor illius escae, 
 Quse simplex olim tibi sederit ; at simul assis 
 Miscueris elixa, simul conchylia turdis, 
 Dulcia se in bilem vertent stomachoque tumultum 75 
 
 pit. e. 1. 1. 108. Lenta feret pituita. Yides ut pailidus omnis 
 Cena desurgat dubia ? Quin corpus onustum 
 Hesternis vitiis animum quoque prsegravat una, 
 Atque affigit humo divinse particulam aurae. 
 Alter^ ubi dicto citius curata sopori 80 
 
 Membra dedit, vegetus praescripta ad munia surgit. 
 Hic tamen ad melius poterit transcurrere quondam, 
 Sive diem festum rediens advexerit annus, 
 Seu recreare volet tenuatum corpus, ubique 
 Accedent anni et tractari mollius setas 85 
 
 Imbecilla volet. Tibi quidnam accedet ad istam 
 Quam puer et validus prsesumis mollitiem, seu 
 Dura valetudo inciderit seu tarda senectus ? 
 Rancidum aprum antiqui laudabant, non quia nasus 
 Illis nullus erat^ sed credo hac mente^ quod hospes 90 
 Tardius adveniens vitiatum commodius quam 
 Integrum edax dominus consumeret. Hqs utinam inter 
 
 pri. s. 1. 3. 99. Heroas natum tellus me prima tulisset ! 
 
 Das aliquid famse, quae carmine gratior aurem 
 
 62. largus. 65. qui. 79. affligit. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. II. ii. 169 
 
 95 Occupat humanam : grandes rhombi patinseque 
 Grande ferunt una cum damno dedecus ; adde 
 Iratum patruum, vicinos, te tibi iniquum P at - g- 1- J 2 ^|- 
 
 Et frustra mortis cupidum, cum deerit egenti 
 As, laquei pretium. Jure, inquit, Trausius istis 
 
 100 Jurgatur verbis ; ego vectigalia magna vec. c. 3. ie. 40. 
 
 Divitiasque habeo tribus amplas regibus. Ergo, 
 Quod superat non est melius quo insumere possis ? 
 Cur eget indignus quisquam te divite ? quare 
 Templa ruunt antiqua deum ? cur, improbe, carse io 4 . c. 3. 6. 2. 
 
 105 Non aliquid patriae tanto emetiris acervo ? 105. c. 3. 24.45. 
 
 u r eme. S. 1. 1. 96. 
 
 Uni nimirum recte tibi semper erunt res. 
 O magnus posthac inimicis risus ! Uterne 
 Ad casus dubios fidet sibi certius ? hic qui 
 Pluribus adsuerit mentem corpusque superbum, 
 110 An qui contentus parvo metuensque futurl, 
 Tn pace ut sapiens aptarit idonea bello ? 
 
 Quo magis his credas, puer hunc ego parvus 
 Ofellam 
 
 Integris opibus novi non latius usum 
 
 Quam nunc accisis. Videas metato in agello 
 115 Cum pecore et gnatis fortem mercede colonum : 
 
 Non ego, narrantem, temere edi luce profesta pr0 . c. 1. 15. 25. 
 
 Quicquam prseter olus fumosae cum pede pernse. 
 
 At mihi seu longum post tempus venerat hospes 
 
 Sive operum vacuo gratus conviva per imbrem 
 120 Yicinus, bene erat non piscibus urbe petitis 
 
 Sed pullo atque haedo ; tum pensilis uva secundas 
 
 Et nux ornabat mensas cum duplice ficu. 
 
 Post hoc ludus erat culpa potare magistra, 
 
 Ac venerata Ceres, ita culmo surgeret alto, 
 125 Explicuit vino contractse seria frontis. i 2 < c 3 29 ie 
 
 Sseviat atque novos moveat fortuna tumultus : 
 
 95. occnpet. 
 
170 Q. JIOJUTJ FLJCCI 
 
 Quantum hiuc imminuct? quanto aut cgo parcius, aut 
 
 vos, 
 O pueri, nituistis, ut huc novus incola venit ? 
 er. c. 2. 18. 82. Nam propriae telluris erum natura neque illum 
 
 Nec me nec quemquam statuit : nos expulit ille ; 130 
 
 Illum aut nequities aut vafri inscitia juris, 
 
 Postremum expellet certe vivacior heres. 
 
 Nunc ager Umbreni sub nomine, nuper Ofellse 
 
 Dictus, erit nulli proprius ; sed cedet in usum 
 
 Nunc mihi, nunc alii. Quocirca vivite fortes, 135 
 
 Fortiaque adversis opponite pectora rebus. 
 
 III. 
 
 Sic raro scribis, ut toto non quater anno 
 mem. a. p. 339. Membranam poscas, scriptorum quseque retexens, 
 Iratus tibi quod vini somnique benignus 
 Nil dignum sermone canas. Quid fiet ? At ipsis 
 Saturnalibus huc fugisti. Sobrius ergo 5 
 
 pro. a. p. 138. Dic aliquid dignum promissis. Incipe. NLl est. 
 Culpantur frustra calami immeritusque laborat 
 Iratis natus paries dis atque poetis. 
 min. e. i. s. 3. Atqui voltus erat multa et prseclara minantis, 
 vii. s. i. 5. 45. Si vacuum tepido cepisset villula tecto. 10 
 
 Quorsum*pertinuit stipare Platona Menandro_, 
 Arc e. 1. 19. 24. Eupolin, Archilochum, comites educere tantos ? 
 Invidiam placare paras virtute relicta ? 
 Contemnere, miser. Vitanda est improba Siren 
 Desidia, aut quidquid vita meliore parasti, 15 
 
 Ponendum sequo animo. Di te, Damasippe, deseque 
 Verum ob consilium donent tonsore ! sed unde 
 Tam bene me nosti ? Postquam omnis res mea Janum 
 Ad medmm fracta est, aliena negotia curo 
 
 129. herum. 1. scribes. 14. ? vitandast. 19. ? fractast. 
 
SJTIRARUM LIB. II. iii. 171 
 
 20 Excussus propriis : olim nam quserere amabam, 
 
 Quo vafer ille pedes lavisset Sisyphus aere, 
 
 Quid sculptum infabre, quid fusum durius esset ; 
 
 Callidus huic signo ponebam milia centum ; 
 
 HortOs egregiasque domos mercarier unus 
 25 Cum lucro noram : unde frequentia Mercuriale 
 
 Imposuere mihi cognomen compita. Novi, 
 
 Et miror morbi purgatum te illius. Atqui mor - E - *• *■ 35, 
 
 Emovit veterem mire novus, ut solet, in cor 
 
 Trajecto lateris miseri capitisve dolore : 
 30 Ut lethargicus hic cum fit pugil et medicum urget. 
 
 Dum ne quid simile huie, esto ut libet. O bone, ne te 
 
 Frustrere, insanis et tu stultique prope omnes, pr ?- 1. \. 1". i!' 
 
 Si quid. Stertinius veri crepat, unde ego mira 
 
 Descripsi docilis praecepta heec, tempore quo me 
 35 Solatus jussit sapientem pascere barbam 
 
 Atque a Fabricio non tristem ponte reverti. 
 
 Nam male re gesta cum vellem mittere operto 
 
 Me capite iu numen, dexter stetit et, Cave faxis 
 
 Te quicquam indignum : pudor, inquit, te malus 
 angitj 
 40 Insanos qui inter vereare insanus haberi. 
 
 Primum nam inquiram, quid sit furere ; hoc si erit 
 in te 
 
 Solo, nil verbi, pereas quin fortiter, addam. 
 
 Quem mala stultitia et quemcumque inscitia veri 
 
 Csecum agit, insanum Chrysippi porticus et grex chr. s. i. 3. 127. 
 45 Autumat. Hsec populos, haec magnos formula reges 
 
 Excepto sapiente tenet. Nunc accipe, quare 
 
 Desipiant omnes seque ac tu, qui tibi nomen 
 
 Insano posuere. Velut silvis, ubi passim 
 
 Palantes error certo de tramite pellit, 
 50 Ille sinistrorsum hic dextrorsum abit, unus utrique 
 
 Error, sed variis illudit partibus ; hoc te 
 
 Crede modo insanum, nihilo ut sapientior ille, 
 
L72 Q. UORATl FLJCCl 
 
 Qui te deridet, caudam traliat. Est gcnus unum 
 Stultitia3 nihilum metucnda timentis, ut ignes, 
 Ut rupes fluviosque in campo obstare queratur ; 55 
 
 Altemm et huic varum et nihilo sapientius ignes 
 Per medios fluviosque ruentis : clamet amica 
 Mater, honesta soror cum cognatis, pater, uxor : 
 Hic fossa est ingens, hic rupes maxima ; serva ! 
 Non magis audierit, quam Fufius ebrius olim, 60 
 
 Cum Ilionam edormit, Catienis mille ducentis 
 Mater, te appello, clamantibus. Huic ego volgus 
 Errori similem cunctum insanire docebo. 
 Insanit veteres statuas Damasippus emendo : 
 Integer est mentis Damasippi creditor. Esto. 65 
 
 Accipe quod nunquam reddas mihi, si tibi dicam, 
 Tune insanus eris, si acceperis ? an magis excors 
 Rejecta prseda, quam prsesens Mercurius fert ? 
 Scribe decem a Nerio ; non est satis : adde Cicutse 
 Nodosi tabulas centum, mille adde catenas ; 70 
 
 Effugiet tamen hsec sceleratus vincula Proteus. 
 Cum rapies in jus malis ridentem alienis, 
 Fiet aper, modo avis, modo saxum, et cum volet arbor. 
 Si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene sani ; 
 Putidius multo cerebrum est, mihi crede, Perilli 75 
 Dictantis, quod tu numquam rescribere possis. 
 Audire atque togam jubeo componere, quisquis 
 18. s. i. 4. 26. Ambitione mala aut argenti pallet amore. 
 
 E. 1. 18. 22. 
 
 Quisquis luxuria tristive superstitione 
 
 cai. e. 2. 1. 108. Aut alio mentis morbo calet ; huc propius me, 80 
 
 Dum doceo insanire omnes, vos ordine adite. 
 
 eii. e. 2. 2. 137. Danda est ellebori multo pars maxima avaris ; 
 
 Nescio an Anticyram ratio iilis destinet omnem. 
 Heredes Staberi summam incidere sepulcro : 
 Ni sic feeissent, gladiatorum dare centum 85 
 
 Damnati populo paria atque epulum arbitrio Arri, 
 
 59. ? fossast. 62. vulgus. 74. ? insanist. 75. ? cerebrumst. 
 82. hellebori. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. II iii. 173 
 
 Frumenti quantum metit Africa. Sive ego prave a/t. c. i. 1. 10. 
 
 Seu recte hoc volui, ne sis patruus mihi. Credo pa t. s. 2. 2. 97. 
 
 Hoc Staberi prudentem animum vidisse. Quid ergo 
 90 Sensit, cum summam patrimoni insculpere saxo 
 
 Heredes voluit ? Quoad vixit, credidit ingens 
 
 Pauperiem vitium et cavit nihil acrius, ut si 
 
 Forte minus locuples uno quadrante perisset, 
 
 lpse videretur sibi nequior : omnis enim res, 
 95 Virtus, fama, decus, divina humanaque pulchris 
 
 Divitiis parent ; quas qui construxerit, ille con - g- f f ]*• 
 
 Clarus erit, fortis, justus. Sapiensne ? Etiam, et 
 rex 
 
 Et quidquid volet. Hoc, veluti virtute paratum, 
 
 Speravit magnee laudi fore. Quid simile isti . 
 100 Grsecus Aristippus, qui servos proicere aurum 
 
 In media jussit Libya, quia tardius irent 
 
 Propter onus segnes ? Uter est insanior horum ? 
 
 Nil agit exemplum, litem quod lite resolvit. 
 
 Si quis emat citharas, emptas comportet in unum, 
 105 Nec studio citharee nec Musee deditus ulli; 
 
 Si scalpra et formas non sutor, nautica vela 
 
 Aversus mercaturis, delirus et amens 
 
 Undique dicatur merito. Qui discrepat istis, 
 
 Qui nummos aurumque recondit, nescius uti I09 . s . 1. 1. 41 . 
 
 110 Compositis metuensque velut contingere sacrum ? II0 s L x< 71> 
 
 Si quis ad ingentem frumenti semper acervum 
 
 Porrectus vigilet cum longo fuste, neque illinc 
 
 Audeat esuriens dominus contingere granum, 
 
 Ac potius foliis parcus vescatur amaris ; 
 115 Si positis intus Chii veterisque Falerni 
 
 Miile cadis, nihil est, tercentum niilibus, acre 
 
 Potet acetum ; age ; si et stramentis incubet, unde- 
 
 Octoginta annos natus, cui stragula vestis, 
 
 Blattarum ac tinearum ei.ulae. putrescat in arca : 
 
 1 L } tin. E. 1. 20. 12. 
 
 96. contraxerit. 119. ? fciniarum. 
 
174 Q. EORATl FLAOOl 
 
 » 
 
 Nimirum insanus paucis vidcatur, co quod 120 
 
 Maxima pars liominum morbo jactatur eodem. 
 
 i23. c. a. 14 26. FiHus aut etiam hrcc libertus ut cbibat heres, 
 
 des. e. 2. 2. 52. Dis inimice senex, custodis ? Ne tibi desit ? 
 
 Quantulum enim summse curtabit quisque dierum, 
 Ungere si caules oleo meliore caputque 125 
 
 Coeperis impexa fcedum porrigine ? Quare, 
 Si quidvis satis est, perjuras, surripis, aufers 
 Undique ? Tun sanus ? Populum si caedere saxis 
 Incipias servosve, tuo quos sere pararis, 
 Insanum te omnes pueri clamentque puellae : 130 
 
 Cum laqueo uxorem interemis matremque veneno, 
 Incolumi capite es ? Quid enim ? Neque tu hoc facis 
 
 Argis, 
 Nec ferro ut demens genetricem occidis Orestes. 
 An tu reris eum occisa iusanisse parente, 
 Ac non ante malis dementem actum Furiis, quam 135 
 In matris jugulo ferrum tepefecit acutum ? 
 Quin, ex quo est habitus male tutae mentis Orestes, 
 Nil sane fecit quod tu reprehendere possis : 
 Non Pyladen ferro violare aususve sororem 
 Electram, tantum maledicit utrique vocando 140 
 
 Hanc Furiarn, hunc aliud, jussit quod splendicla bilis. 
 
 142. c. 3. 16. 28. Pauper Opimius argenti positi intus et auri, 
 Qui Veientanum festis potare diebus 
 
 P '° c 4 is 1 ?-" C^mpana solitus trulla vappamque profestis, 
 
 Quondam lethargo grandi est oppressus, ut heres 145 
 Jam circum loculos et claves lsetus ovansque 
 Curreret. Hunc medicus multum celer atque fidelis 
 Excitat hoc pacto : mensam poni jubet atque 
 Effundi saccos nummorum, accedere plures 
 Ad numerandum ; hominem sic erigit ; addit et illiul : 
 Ni tua custodis, avidus jam haec auferet heres. 151 
 
 129. servosque tuos, (0). 131. interiniis, vula. 
 
 132. quiclni? neque enim hoc, Bent. 137. ? qtiost. 
 
 139. sororem est, Bent. 145. ? grandist. 
 
SATIRJRUM LIB. II. iii. 175 
 
 Men vivo ? Ut vivas igitur, vigila : hoc age. age, e. i. is. ss. 
 Quid vis ? 
 
 Deficient inopem vense te, ni cibus atque 
 
 Ingens accedit stomacho fultura ruenti. 
 155 Tu cessas? agedum, sume hoc ptisanarium oryzae. 
 
 Quanti emptae ? Parvo. Quanti ergo ? Octussibus. 
 Eheu! 
 
 Quid refert, morbo an furtis pereamque rapinis ? — 
 
 Quisnam igitur sanus ? Qui non stultus. Quid 
 avarus ? 
 
 Stultus et insanus. Quid ? si quis non sit avarus, 
 160 Continuo sanus ? Minime. Cur, Stoice? Dicam. 
 
 Non est cardiacus — Craterum dixisse putato — 
 
 Hic seger : recte est igitur surgetque ? Negabit, 
 
 Quod latus aut renes morbo temptentur acuto. 
 
 Non est perjurus neque sordidus ; immolet nequis 
 165 Hic porcum Laribus : verum ambitiosus et audax ; Lar. c. 3. 23. 4. 
 
 Naviget Anticyram. Quid enim differt, barathrone 
 
 Dones quidquid habes, an nunqaam utare paratis ? 
 
 Servius Oppidius Canusi duo praedia, dives 
 
 Antiquo censu, gnatis divisse duobus 
 170 Fertur et hoc moriens pueris dixisse vocatis 
 
 Ad lectum : Postquam te talos, Aule_, nucesque 
 
 Ferre sinu laxo, donare et ludere vidi, 
 
 Te, Tiberi, numerare, cavis abscondere tristem ; 
 
 Extimui, ne vos ageret vesania discors, 
 175 Tu Nomentanum_, tu ne sequerere Cicutam. zv<mb.s.i.i. 102. 
 
 Quare per divos oratus uterque Penates, 
 
 Tu cave ne minuas^ tu ne majus facias id, 
 
 Quod satis esse putat pater et natura coercet. 
 
 Prseterea ne vos titiilet gloria, jure 
 180 Jurando obstringam ambo : uter sedilis fueritve ute - s - 2 - 5 - 23 - 
 
 Vestrum praetor, is intestabilis et sacer esto. 
 
 In cicere atque faba bona tu perdasque lupinis, 
 
 157. pereamve. 162. ? rectest. 163. tentantur, (0.) 170. hsec. 
 
 02 
 
176 Q. HOIUTI FLJCOl 
 
 Latus ut in Circo spatiere et aeneus ut stes, 
 
 Nudus agris, nudus nummis, insane, paternia ; 
 
 Scilicet ut plausus, quos fert Agrippa, feras tu, 185 
 
 Astuta ingenuum volpes imitata leonem. 
 
 Ne quis humasse velit Ajacem, Atrida, vetas cur? 
 
 Rex sum. Nil ultra qusero plcbeius. Et sequam 
 
 Rem imperito ; ac si cui videor non justus, inulto 
 
 Dicere quod sentit permitto. Maxime regum, 190 
 
 Di tibi dent capta classem deducere Troja ! 
 
 Ergo consulere et mox respondere licebit ? 
 
 Consule. Cur Ajax, heros ab Achille secundus, 
 
 Putescit, totiens servatis clarus Achivis, 
 
 Gaudeat ut populus Priami Priamusque inhumato, 195 
 
 Per quem tot juvenes patrio caruere sepulcro? 
 
 Mille ovium insanus moi ti dedit, inclutum Ulixcn 
 
 Et Menelaum una mecum se occidere clamans. 
 
 Tu cum pro vitula statuis dulcem Aulide natam 
 
 Ante aras spargisque mola caput, improbe, salsa, 200 
 
 Rectum animi servas ? Quorsum ? Insanus quid enim 
 
 Ajax 
 Fecit, cum stravit ferro pecus ? Abstinuit vim 
 Uxore et gnato : mala multa precatus Atridis, 
 Non ille aut Teucrum aut ipsum violavit Ulixcn. 
 Verum ego, ut hserentes adverso litore naves 205 
 
 pm. s. 1. 10.88. Eriperem, prudens placavi sanguine divos. 
 
 Nempe tuo, furiose. Meo, sed non furiosus. 
 
 Qui species alias veris scelerisque tumultu 
 
 Permixtas capiet, commotus habebitur ; atque 
 
 Stultitiane erret, nihilum distabit, an ira : 210 
 
 Ajax cum immeritos occidit, desipit, agnos ; 
 
 Cum prudens scelus ob titulos admittis inanes, 
 
 Stas animo et purum est vitio tibi, cum tumidum cst, 
 
 cor? 
 Si quis lectica nitidam gestare amet agnam, 
 
 183. aut ssneus, (viale, v. Bent.J 189. at si. 191. reducere. 
 
 194. putrescit. 197. mclytum. 212. Tu cum admittis 
 
 (Bent. conj.) 213. ? purumst ; tumidumst. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. IL iii. 177 
 
 215 Huic vestem ut gnatse, paret ancillas, paret aurum, 
 
 Rufam et Pusillam appellet fortique marito f° r - s - 2 - 5 - 64 - 
 
 Destinet uxorem ; interdicto huic omne adimat jus 
 
 Praetor, et ad sanos abeat tutela propinquos. 
 
 Quid ? si quis gnatam pro muta devovet agna, mut. s. 1. 3. 100. 
 220 Integer est animi ? Ne dixeris. Ergo ubi prava 
 
 Stultitia, hic summa est insania ; qui sceleratus, 
 * Et furiosus erit ; quem cepit vitrea fama, 
 
 Hunc circumtonuit gaudens Bellona cruentis. 
 
 Nunc age luxuriam et Nomentanum arripe mecum : " rr - s - 2 - *• 69 - 
 225 Vincet enim stultos ratio insanire nepotes. «**. s. 1. 3. 115. 
 
 Hic simul accepit patrimoni mille talenta, 
 
 Edicit, piscator uti, pomariusj auceps, 
 
 Unguentarius ac Tusci turba impia vici, T "*- E - 2 - L 269 - 
 
 Cum scurris fartor, cum Velabro omne macellum »»«*■ E - 115.31. 
 230 Mane domum veniant. Quid tum ? Venere fre- 
 quentes. 
 
 Verba facit leno : Quidquid mihij quidquid et horum 
 
 Cuique domi est, id crede tuum et vel nunc pete 
 vel cras. 
 
 Aceipe, quid contra juvenis responderit aequus : 
 
 In nive Lucana dormis ocreatus, ut aprum Luc , s . 2. 8. 6. 
 
 235 Cenem ego : tu pisces hiberno ex sequore verris ; 
 
 Segnis ego indignus qui tantum possideam : aufer ! 
 
 Sume tibi decies ; tibi tantundem ; tibi triplex, rf gl3 15 
 
 Unde uxor media currit de nocte vocata. 
 
 Filius iEsopi detractam ex aure j\letellse, 
 240 Scilicet ut decies solidum obsorberet, aceto obs s 2 8 2i 
 
 Diluit insignem bacam : qui sanior ac si 
 
 Illud idem in rapidum flumen jaceretve cloacam ? 
 
 Quinti progenies Arri, par nobile fratrum, Arr. v. m. 
 
 Nequitia et nugis, pravorum et amore gemellum, 
 245 Luscinias sohti impenso prandere coemptas, 
 
 216. Pupam, Pusam ; Posillam, Eufillam. 219. si qui, Bent. 
 
 221. ? summast ; scelerafest, k. 232. ? domist. 235. vellis. 
 
 240. exsorberet. 
 
17 S Q. IIOIUTI FLACCI 
 
 a-e. c. i. 36. lo. Quorsum abeant ? Sanin creta an carbone notandi ? 
 iKdificare casas, plostello adjungere mures, 
 Ludere par impar, equitare in arundine longa 
 Si quem delectet barbatum, amentia verset. 
 Si puerilius his ratio esse evincet amare. 250 
 
 Nec quicquam differre, utrumne in piilvere, trimus 
 Quale prius, ludas opus, an meretricis amore 
 Sollicitus plores; quaero, faciasne quod olim -* 
 
 mor. e. 1. 1. 35. Mutatus Polemon ? ponas insignia morbi, 
 
 cub. s. 2. 4. 39. Fasciolas, cubital, focalia, potus ut ille 255 
 
 Dicitur ex collo furtim carpsisse coronas, 
 
 imp. s. 2. 2. 7. Postquam est impransi correptus voce magistri ? 
 Porrigis irato puero cum poma, recusat : 
 Sume, catelle ; negat : si non des, optet : amator 
 Exclusus qui distat, agit ubi secum, eat an non, 260 
 Quo rediturus erat non arcessitus, et hseret 
 Invisis foribus ? Nec nunc, cum me vocat ultro, 
 Accedam ? an potius mediter finire dolores ? 
 Exclusit ; revocat : redeam ? Non, si obsecret. Ecce 
 Servus non paulo sapientior : O ere, quae res 265 
 
 Nec modum babet neque consilium, ratione modoque 
 Tractari non vult. In amore haec sunt mala, bellum, 
 Pax rursum : hsec si quis tempestatis prope ritu 
 Mobilia et cseca fluitantia sorte laboret 
 Eeddere certa sibi : nihilo plus explicet ac si 270 
 
 Insanire paret certa ratione modoque. 
 
 pic s. 2. 4. 7o. Quid ? cum Picenis excerpens semina pomis 
 
 Gaudes, si cameram percusti forte, penes te es ? 
 Quid ? cum balba feris annoso verba palato, 
 
 a-u. c. 2. 8,i6. ^Edificante casas qui sanior? Adde cruorem 275 
 
 Stultitise atque ignem gladio scrutare. Modo, inquam, 
 Hellade percussa Marius cum praecipitat se, 
 Cerritus fuit ? an commotse crimine mentis 
 
 216. sani ut. 248. harundine, Hl. F. 254. Polenio. 259. optat. 
 265. here. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. II. iii. 179 
 
 Absolves hominem et sceleris damnabis eundem, 
 280 Ex more imponens cognata vocabnla rebus ? 
 
 Libertinns erat, qui circum compita siccus sic - g; J \ f; 
 
 Lautis mane senex manibus currebat et, Unum, — 
 
 Quid tam magnum ? addens — unum me surpite 
 morti, 
 
 Dis etenim facile est, orabat ; sanus utrisque 
 285 Auribus atque oculis ; mentem, nisi litigiosus, 
 
 Exciperet dominus, cum venderet. Hoc quoque 
 volgus 
 
 Chrysippus ponit fecunda in gente Meneni. 
 
 Jupiter, ingentes qui das adimisque dolores, 
 
 Mater ait pueri menses jam quinque cubantis, C ub. s. i. 9. is. 
 
 290 Frigida si puerum quartana reliquerit, illo 
 
 Mane die, quo tu indicis jejunia, nudus ma)U c . 4 . 5 . 39 . 
 
 In Tiberi stabit. Casus medicusve levarit 
 
 iEgrum ex prsecipiti, mater delira necabit 
 
 In gelida fixum ripa febrimque reducet. 
 295 Quone malo mentem concussa ? Timore deorum. i»°- £■ ?• *i™k 
 
 con. C. 1. 37. li. 
 
 Hsec mihi Stertinius, sapientum octavus, amico 
 
 Arma dedit, posthac ne compellarer inultus. 
 
 Dixerit insanum qui me, totidem audiet atque 2 gs. s. 2. 1. 45. 
 
 Eespicere ignoto discet pendentia tergo. 
 300 Stoice, post damnum sic vendas omnia pluris, dam. v. 19. 
 
 Qua me stultitia, quoniam non est genus unum, 
 
 Insanire putas ? ego nam videor mihi sanus. 
 
 Quid ? caput abscissum manibus cum portat Agave 
 
 Gnati infelicis, sibi tum furiosa videtur ? 
 305 Stultum me fateor, liceat concedere veris, 
 
 Atque etiam insanum ; tantum hoc edissere, quo me 
 
 iEgrotare putes animi vitio. Accipe : primum 
 
 iEdificas ; hoc est, longos imitaris ab imo 
 
 Ad summum totus moduli bipedalis, et idem 
 310 Corpore majorem rides Turbonis in armis 
 
 283. quiddam. 284. ? facilest. 286. vulgus. 303. demens cum. 
 
180 Q. UORATl FLACCI 
 
 Spiritum ct incessum : qui ridiculus minus illo ? 
 An quodcumquc facit Meecenas, te quoque vcrum cst 
 
 cer, B. 1. is. 3o. Tantum dissimilem et tanto certare minorem ? 
 Absentis ranse pullis vituli pedc pressis 
 Uuus ubi effugit, matri denarrat, ut ingens 315 
 
 Bclua cognatos eliserit : illa rogare, 
 Quantane ? Num tantum, sufflans se, magna fuisset ? 
 Major dimidio. Num tantum ? Cum magis atque 
 Sc magis inflaret, Non, si te ruperis, inquit, 
 Par eris. Hsec a te non multum abludit imago. 320 
 Adde poemata nunc, hoc est, oleum adde camino ; 
 
 wn. a. p. 296. Quse si quis sanus fecit, sanus facis et tu. 
 
 rab. e. i. 20. 25. Non dico borrendam rabiem. Jam desine. Cultum 
 Majorem censu. Teneas, Damasippe, tuis te. 
 Mille puellarum, puerorum mille furores. 325 
 
 O major tandem parcas, insane, minori ! 
 
 IV. 
 
 Unde et quo Catius ? Non est mihi tempus aventi 
 Ponere signa novis praeceptis, qualia vincunt 
 
 Pyt. c. i.28. 14. Pythagoran Anytique reum doctumque Platona. 
 
 Uv. s. 2. 1. 18. Peccatum fateor, cum te sic tempore lsevo 
 
 Interpellarim ; sed des veniam bonus oro. 5 
 
 Quodsi interciderit tibi nunc aliquid, repetes mox, 
 Sive est naturse hoc sive artis, mirus utroque. 
 Quin id erat curse, quo pacto cuncta tenerem, 
 Utpote res tenues tenui sermone peractas. 
 Ede hominis nomen, simul et Romanus an hospes. 10 
 Ipsa memor praecepta canam, celabitur auctor. 
 Longa quibus facies ovis erit, illa memento, 
 Ut suci melioris et ut magis alba rotundis, 
 
 pon. s. 2. 2. 23 ; Ponere : namque marem cohibent callosa vitellum. 
 
 6. 64. ■*■ 
 
 312. ? verumst. 313. tanto dissimilem. 
 322. facit, et sanus facies tu, (0.) H l. B. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. II. iv. 181 
 
 15 Caule suburbano qui siccis crevit in agris 
 
 Dulcior ; irriguo nihil est elutius horto. 
 
 Si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes, 
 
 Ne gallina malum responset dura palato, 
 
 Doctus eris vivam mixto mersare Falerno : 
 20 Hoc teneram faciet. Pratensibus optima fungis 
 
 Natura est : aliis male creditur. Iile salubres 
 
 ^Estates peraget, qui nigris prandia moris 
 
 Finiet, ante gravem quse legerit arbore solem. 
 
 Aufidius forti miscebat mella Falerno, f° r - c - *• g- ^ 
 
 25 Mendose, quoniam vacuis committere venis 
 
 Nil nisi lene decet : leni praecordia mulso 
 
 Prolueris melius. Si dura morabitur alvus, 
 
 Mitulus et viles pellent obstantia conchae 
 
 Et lapathi brevis herba, sed albo non sine Coo. 
 30 Lubrica nascentes implent conchylia lunse, Sm. s P 2. s.°27. 
 
 Sed non omne mare est generosse fertile testse : 
 
 Murice Baiano melior Lucrina peloris, Luc. e p . 2. 49. 
 
 Ostrea Circeiis, Miseno oriuntur echini, 
 
 Pectinibus patulis jactat se molle Tarentum. moi. e. 1. 7. 45. 
 
 35 Nec sibi cenarum quivis temere arroget artem, 
 
 Non prius exacta tenui ratione saporum. 
 
 Nec satis est cara pisces avertere mensa, car v 76 
 
 Ignarum, quibus est jus aptius et quibus assis 
 
 Languidus in cubitum jam se conviva reponet. cub. 1. 27. 8. 
 
 40 Umber et iligna nutritus glande rotundas 
 
 Curvat aper lances carnem vitantis inertem : 
 
 Nam Laurens malus est, ulvis et arundine pinguis. 
 
 Vinea submittit capreas non semper edules. 
 
 Fecundse leporis sapiens sectabitur armos. 44 . s. 2. s. S9. 
 
 45 Piscibus atque avibus quse natura et foret setas, 
 
 Ante meum nulli patuit qusesita palatum. 
 
 Sunt quorum ingenium nova tantum crustula promit. cru. s. 1. 1. 25. 
 
 E. 1. 1. 78. 
 
 Nequaquam satis in re una consumere curam ; 
 
 19. mistOj musto. 48. satis est ; H l. F. 
 
L82 Q. UORATl FLJCCI 
 
 Ut si quis solum lioc, mala ne sint vina, laboret, 
 Quali perfundat pisces securus olivo. 50 
 
 Massica si caelo supponas vina sereno, 
 Nocturna, si quid crassi est, tenuabitur aura 
 Et decedet odor nervis inimicus ; at illa 
 Integrum perdunt lino vitiata saporem. 
 
 Sur. e. 1. 17.52. SuiTentina vafer qui miscet faece Falerna 55 
 
 Vina, columbino limum bene colligit ovo, 
 Quatenus ima petit volvens aliena viteilus. 
 Tostis marcentem squillis recreabis et Afra 
 Potorem cochlea : nam lactuca innatat acri 
 Post vinum stomacho ; perna magis ac magis hillis 60 
 Flagitat immorsus refici, quin omnia malit, 
 Quaecumque immundis fervent allata popinis. 
 
 o^.^r.E.2.i.229. Est operse pretium duplicis pernoscere juris 
 Naturam. Simplex e dulci constat olivo, 
 Quod pingui miscere mero muriaque decebit, 65 
 
 Non alia quam qua Byzantia putuit orca. 
 Hoc ubi confusum sectis inferbuit herbis 
 Corycioque croco sparsum stetit, insuper addes 
 Pressa Venafranae quod baca remisit olivse. 
 
 Tib. c. i. 7. u. Picenis cedunt pomis Tiburtia succo : 70 
 
 Nam facie prsestant. Venucula convenit ollis, 
 Rectius Albanam fumo duraveris uvam. 
 Hanc ego cum malis, ego fsecem primus et allec, 
 Primus et invenior piper album cum sale nigro 
 Incretum puris circumposuisse catillis. 75 
 
 Immane est vitium dare milia terna macello 
 Angustoque vagos pisces urgere catino. 
 Magna movet stomacho fastidia, seu puer unctis 
 u s i 3 8i Tractavit calicem manibus_, dum furta ligurit, 
 
 Sive gravis veteri craterse limus adhsesit. 80 
 
 map. s. 2. 8. io. Vilibus in scopis, in mappis_, in scobe quantus 
 Consistit sumptus? neglectis, flagitium ingens. 
 
 51. suppones, (O.) 73. lialec. 76. ? immanest. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. II. v. 183 
 
 Ten lapides varios lutulenta radere palma ten, s. 2. 8. 63. 
 
 Et Tyrias dare circum inluta toralia vestes, V es. s. 2. 6. 103. 
 
 85 Oblitunij quanto curam sumptumque minorem 
 Hsec habeant, tanto reprehendi justius illis, 
 Quse nisi divitibus nequeant contingere mensis ? 
 Docte Cati, per amicitiam divosque rogatus 
 Ducere me auditum, perges quocumque, memento. 
 
 90 Nam quamvis referas memori milii pectore cuncta, 
 Non tamen interpres tantundem juveris. Adde 
 Yultum habitumque hominis, quem tu vidisse beatus 
 Non magni pendis, quia contigit ; at mihi cura 
 Non mediocris inest, fontes ut adire remotos 
 
 95 Atque haurire queam vitse prsecepta beatse. 
 
 V. 
 
 Hoc quoque, Tiresia, praeter narrata petenti 
 Responde, quibus amissas reparare queam res 
 Artibus atque modis. Quid rides ? Jamne doloso 
 Non satis est Ithacam revehi patriosque penates 
 5 Adspicere ? O nulli quicquam mentite, vides ut 
 Nudus inopsque domum redeam, te vate, neque illic 
 Aut apotheca procis intacta est aut pecus : atqui 
 Et genus et virtus nisi cum re vilior alga est. 8. s. 2. 3. 95. 
 
 ... . E. 1. 1. 52. 
 
 Ouando pauperiem missis ambagibus horres, al ff, c ^ s - l7 - g. 
 
 10 Accipe qua ratione queas ditescere. Turdus 
 
 Sive aliud privum dabitur tibi, devolet illuc, 
 
 Res ubi magna nitet domino sene ; dulcia poma 
 
 Et quoscumque feret cultus tibi fundus honores, 
 
 Ante Larem gustet venerabilior Lare dives ; 
 15 Qui quamvis perjurus erit, sine gente, cruentus 
 
 Sanguine fraterno, fugitivus, ne tamen illi 
 
 Tu comes exterior, si postulet, ire recuses. 
 
 Utne tegam spurco Damse latus? Haud ita Trojse ne, e p . 17. 56. 
 
 84. illota. 7. ? intactast. 8. ? algast. 18. haut. 
 
I B4 Q. lLORATl FLACCL 
 
 Mc gessi ccrtans sempcr melioribus. Ergo 
 20. c. 1. 7. 30. Pauper eris. Fortcm hoc animum tolerarc jubcbo ; 20 
 Et quonclam majora tuli. Tu protinus uncle 
 Divitias serisque ruam ; dic augur, acervos. ' 
 Dixi cquidem et dico : captes astutus ubique 
 Testamenta senum, neu si vafer unus et alter 
 Jnsidiatorem praeroso fugerit hamo, 25 
 
 Aut spem deponas aut artem illusus omittas. 
 cer. s. 2. i. 49. Magna minorve foro si res certabitur olim, 
 ute. s. 2. 3. 180. Yivet uter locuples sine gnatis, improbus, ultro 
 Qui meliorem audax vocet in jus, illius esto 
 Defensor ; fama civem causaque priorem 30 
 
 Sperne, domi si gnatus erit fecundave conjux. 
 Quinte puta aut Publi, — gaudent prsenomine molles 
 Auriculse — tibi me virtus tua fecit amicum : 
 Jus anceps novi, causas defendere possum ; 
 Eripiet quivis oculos citius mihi, quam te 35 
 
 Contemptum cassa nuce pauperet : hsec mea cura est, 
 Ne quid tu perdas neu sis jocus. Ire domum atque 
 cur. e. i. 2. 29 ; Pelliculam curare jube ; fi cognitor ipse ; 
 
 Persta atque obdura, seu rubra canicula findet 
 Infantes statuas, seu pingui tentus omaso 40 
 
 41. s. i. io. 36. Eurius hibernas cana nive conspuet Alpes. 
 
 Nonne vides, aliquis cubito stantem prope tangens 
 Inquiet, ut patiens, ut amicis aptus, ut acer ? 
 Plures annabunt thunui et cetaria crescent. 
 Si cui preeterea validus male filius in re 45 
 
 Preeclara sublatus aletur ; ne manifestum 
 Cselibis obsequium nudet te, leniter in spem 
 Arrepe officiosus, ut et scribare secundus 
 Heres et ; si quis casus puerum egerit Orco, 
 aie. c. 2. i. 6. J n vacuum venias : perraro hsec alea fallit. 50 
 
 Qui testamentum tradet tibi cumque legendum, 
 Abnuere et tabulas a te removere memento, 
 
 36. qiiassa ; ? cuvast. 40. infautis. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. II. v. 185 
 
 Sic tamen ut limis rapias qirid prima secundo 
 
 Cera velit versu ; solus multisne coheres, coh. v. 107. 
 
 55 Veloci percurre oculo. Plerumque recoctus 
 
 Scriba ex quinqueviro corvum deludet hiantem, 
 
 Captatorque dabit risus Nasica Corano. 
 
 Num furis ? an prudens ludis me obscura canendo ? 
 
 O Laertiade, quidquid dicam aut erit aut non : 
 60 Divinare etenim magnus mihi donat Apollo. 
 
 Quid tamen ista velit sibi fabula, si licet, ede. 
 
 Tempore quo iuvenis Parthis horrendus, ab alto juv. c. 1. 2. 41. 
 
 «,,.—, ,, . 4.15.7. 
 
 Demissum genus iEnea,, tellure marique 
 
 Magnus erit, forti nubet procera Corano for. s. 2. 3. 216.. 
 
 65 Filia Nasicse, metuentis reddere soldum. mc t. c. 2. 2. 7. 
 
 Tum gener hoc faciet : tabulas socero dabit atque 
 
 Ut legat orabit : multum Nasica negatas 
 
 Accipiet tandem et tacitus leget, invenietque 
 
 Nil sibi legatum prseter plorare suisque. P u. s. 1. 10. 91. 
 
 70 Illud ad hsec jubeo : mulier si forte dolosa 
 
 Libertusve senem delirum temperet, illis 
 
 Accedas socius ; laudes, lauderis ut absens : 
 
 Adj uvat hoc quoque, sed vincit longe prius ipsum 
 
 Expugnare caput. Scribet mala carmina vecors : 
 75 Laudato. Scortator erit : cave te roget ; ultro 
 
 Penelopam facilis potiori trade. Putasne ? pot S^u^ii 
 
 Perduci poterit tam fi ugi tamque pudica, fru E x 16 49 
 
 Quam nequiere proci recto depellere cursu 
 
 ijS. c. 3. 10. 11. 
 
 Venit enim magnum donandi parca juventus, 
 80 Nec tantum veneris quantum studiosa culinae : 
 
 Sic tibi Penelope frugi est, qime si semel uno 
 
 De sene gustarit tecum partita lucellum, ?«c. Ep.1.18.102. 
 
 Ut canis a corio numquam absterrebitur uncto. 
 
 Me sene quod dicam factum est : anus improba 
 Thebis 
 85 Et testamento sic est elata : cadaver 
 
 81. ? frugist. 84. ? factumst. 
 
L86 Q. IIOIUTI FLACCl 
 
 Unctum oleo largo nudis lmmcris tulit hcrrs, 
 
 Scilicet elabi si posset mortua ; crcdo, 
 
 Quod nimium iustiterat viventi. Cautus adito, 
 
 89. i 1. 13. 5. Neu desis operae neve immoderatus abundcs. 
 
 Difficilem et morosum offendet garrulus j ultro 90 
 
 Non etiam sileas. Davus sis comicus atque 
 Stes capite obstipo, multum similis metuenti. 
 Obsequio grassare ; mone, si increbuit aura, 
 Cautus uti velet carum caput ; extrahe turba 
 Oppositis umeris j aurem substringe loquaci. 95 
 
 Ohr, s. 1. 5. 12. Importunus amat laudari : donec Ohe jam ! 
 Ad cselum manibus sublatis dixerit, urge_, 
 Crescentem tumidis infla sermonibus utrem. 
 Cum te servitio longo curaque levarit 
 Et certum vigilans, Quartae sit partis Ulixes, 100 
 
 er/. c. 1. 24. 5. Audieris, heres : Ergo nunc Dama sodalis 
 
 und. s. 2. 7. 116. Nusquam est ? unde mihi tam fortem tamque fidelem ? 
 
 sui. e. i. 8. 15. Sparge subinde et, si paulum potes, illacrimare ; est 
 Gaudia prodentem voltum celare. Sepulcrum 
 Permissum arbitrio sine sordibus exstrue : funus 105 
 Egregie factum laudet vicinia. Si quis 
 Forte coheredum senior male tussiet, huic tu 
 Dic_, ex parte tua seu fundi sive domus sit 
 Emptor^ gaudentem nummo te addicere. Sed me 
 Imperiosa trahit Proserpina : vivevaleque. 110 
 
 VI. 
 
 voi. e. 1.13.106. Hoc erat in votis : modus agri non ita magnus, 
 Hortus ubi et tecto vicinus jugis aquse fons 
 Et paulum silvse super his foret. Auctius atque 
 
 ben. s. i. 4. 17. Di melius fecere. Bene est : nihil amplius oro, 
 
 ni. «?/}. E. 1.2.46. _ r ' 
 
 pro. s. 2. 2. 129. Maia nate, nisi ut propria heec mihi munera faxis. 
 
 97. urge et. 100. esto. 102. ? nusquamst. 104. vultum. 
 
 4, ? benest : nil. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. II. vi. 187 
 
 Si neque majorem feci ratione mala rem, 
 
 Nec sum facturus vitio culpave minorem ; 
 
 Si veneror stultus nihil horum : O si angulus ille ven. c. s. 19. 
 
 Proximus accedat, qui nunc denormat agellum ! 
 10 O si urnam argenti fors quse mihi monstret, ut illi, 
 
 Thesauro invento qui mercenarius agrum 
 
 Illum ipsum mercatus aravit, dives amico 
 
 Hercule ! — ; si quod adest gratum juvat, hac prece qu. «rf.c.3.29.32. 
 te oro ; 
 
 Pingue pecus domino facias et cetera prseter 
 15 Ingenium, utque soles, custos mihi maximus adsis. 
 
 Ergo ubi me in montes et in arcem ex urbe removi, r6 - c - 3 - 4 2l - 
 
 Quid prius illustrem satiris musaque pedestri ? ped. c. 2. 12. 9. 
 
 Nec mala me ambitio perdit nec plumbeus Auster 
 
 Autumnusque gravis, Libitinse qusestus acerbae. SftPc^sfabfv. 
 
 20 Matutine pater, seu Jane libentius audis, 
 
 Unde homines operum primos vitaeque labcres 
 
 Instituunt — sic dis placitum — , tu carminis esto 
 
 Principium. Romae sponsorem me rapis. Eja, spo. e. 2. 2. 67. 
 
 Ne prior officio quisquam respondeat, urge. 
 25 Sive Aquilo radit terras seu bruma nivalem rad. e p . 16. 54. 
 
 Interiore diem gyro trahit_, ire necesse est. 
 
 Postmodo, quod mi obsit, clare certumque locuto 
 
 Luctandum in turba et facienda injuria tardis. 
 
 Quid vis, insane^ et quas res agis ? improbus urget 
 30 Iratis precibus ; tu pulses omne quod obstat, 
 
 Ad Maecenatem memori si mente recurras. 
 
 Hoc juvat et melli est; non mentiar ; at simul atras 
 
 Ventum est Esquilias, aliena negotia centum e S q. s. 1. 3. u. 
 
 Per caput et circa saliunt latus. Ante secundam 
 35 Roscius orabat sibi adesses ad Puteal cras. ade. s. 1. 9. 38. 
 
 . , Put. E. 1.19. 8. 
 
 De re communi scribse magna atque nova te scr . s. 2. 5. 58. 
 
 Orabant hodie meminisses, Quinte, reverti. 
 
 10. qua. 29. qnid tibi vis ; agis improbus ? 32. ? mellist. 
 
 33. ? ventumst. 
 
133 Q. HORATl VLJCCI 
 
 Imprimat his cura Maecenas signa tabcllis. 
 Dixeris, Expcriar : Si vis, potes, addit et instat. 
 Septimus octavo propior jam fugerit annus, 40 
 
 41. s. i. g. G2. Ex quo Maecenas me ccepit habere suorum 
 
 In numcro, dumtaxat ad hoc, quem tollerc reda 
 Vellet iter faciens et cui concrederc nugas 
 
 ''""' e i" 6 9 3o' ** 0C £ enus : Hora quota est ? Thrax est Gallina Syro 
 par ? 
 Matutina parum cautos jam frigora mordent ; 45 
 
 Et qua3 rimosa bene deponuntur in aure. 
 Per totum hoc tempus subjectior in diem et horam 
 Invidiae noster. Ludos spectaverat una, 
 Luserat in campo : Fortunse filius ! omnes. 
 Frigidus a rostris manat per compita rumor : 50 
 
 Quicumque obvius esi, me consuiit : O bono, — nam tc 
 
 deo. e. 1. 19. 43. Scire_, deos quoniam propius contingis, oportet — 
 
 bac. c. 3. 6. 14. Num quid de Dacis audisti ? Nil equidem. Ut tu 
 Semper eris derisor ! At omnes di exagitent me, 
 Si quicquam. Quid ? militibus promissa Triquetra 55 
 Prsedia Csesar an est Itala tellure daturus ? 
 Jurantem me scire nihil mirantur ut unum 
 
 mor. s. i. 6. 37, Scilicet egregii mortalem altique silenti. 
 
 Perditur hsec inter misero lux non sine votis : 
 
 O rus_, quandoego te adspiciam, quandoque licebit, GO 
 
 Nunc veterum libris nunc somno et inertibus horis . 
 
 Ducere sollicitse jucunda oblivia vitas ? 
 
 O quando faba Pythagorae cognata simulque 
 
 olu ' e i* 6 2°' Uncta satis pingui ponentur oluscula lardo ? 
 
 O noctes cenaeque deum ! quibus ipse meique 65 
 
 ver. E P . 2. 65. Ante Larem proprium vescor vernasque procaces 
 Pasco libatis dapibus. Prout cuique libido est, 
 Siccat insequales calices conviva solutus 
 
 6 9 c 2 7. 25. Legibus insanis, seu quis capit acria fortis 
 
 42. rheda. 44. ? quotast ; Tlirex. 48. invidiaB : noster — specta- 
 verit. Luserit, Bent. G4. lioluscula. 67. ? libidost. 
 
SATIRARVM LIB. II. vi. 189 
 
 70 Pocula seu modicis uvescit lsetius. Ergo uve. c. 4. 5. 39. 
 
 Sermo oritur, nou de villis domibusve alienis, 
 
 Nec male necne Lepos saltet ; sed quod magis ad nos 
 
 Pertinet et nescire malum est agitamus : utrumne 
 
 Divitiis homines an sint virtute beati ; 
 75 Quidve ad amicitias, usus rectumne, trahat nos ; 
 
 Et quse sit natura boni summumque quid ejus. 
 
 Cervius haec inter vicinus garrit aniles gar. s. 1. 10. 41. 
 
 Ex re fabellas. Si quis nam laudat Arelli nam > s - 2 - *-™t 
 
 Sollicitas ignarus opes, sic incipit : Olim sol c^Vis 86 ' 
 
 80 Rusticus urbanum murem mus paupere fertur 
 
 Accepisse cavo, veterem vetus hospes amicum, 
 
 Asper et attentus quaesitis, ut tamen artum att. e. 1. s. 91. 
 
 Solveret hospitiis animum. Quid multa ? neque ille 
 
 Sepositi ciceris nec longse invidit avena3 ; 
 85 Aridum et ore ferens acinum semesaque lardi 
 
 Frusta dedit, cupiens varia fastidia cena /«#. e. 2. 1. 215. 
 
 Vincere tangentis male singula dente superbo : 
 
 Cum pater ipse domus palea porrectus in horna %%*• ^ 1 | 3 7 3 
 
 Esset ador loliumque, dapis meliora relinquens. 
 90 Tandem urbanus ad hunc : Quid te juvat, inquit, 
 amice, 
 
 Praerupti nemoris patientem vivere dorso ? 
 
 Vis tu homines urbemque feris prseponere silvis ? vis> s 1# 9 69# 
 
 Carpe viam, mihi crede, comes, terrestria quando 
 
 Mortales animas vivunt sortita neque ulla est 
 95 Aut magno aut parvo leti fuga : quo_, bone, circa, 
 
 Dum licet, in rebus jucundis vive beatus, 
 
 Vive memor quam sis aevi brevis. Hsec ubi dicta 91 . c. 1. 11. 6. 
 
 Agrestem pepulere, domo levis exsilit ; inde 11. 23. 
 
 Ambo propositum peragunt iter, urbis aventes 
 lOOMoenia nocturni subrepere. Jamque tenebat 
 
 Nox medium cseli spatium, cum ponit uterque 
 
 ln locuplete domo vestigia, rubro ubi cocco 
 
 73. ? malumst. 94. ? ullast. 
 
190 Q. HORATl VLACCl 
 
 vcs. s 2 v. 84. Tincta super lectos canderet vestis eburnos, 
 Multaque de magna supcressent fercula cena, 
 Quae procul exstructis inerant hesterna canistris. 105 
 Ergo ubi purpurea porrectum in veste locavit 
 
 «/c. s. 2. 8. io. Agrestem, veluti succinctus cursitat hospes 
 Continuatque dapes, nec non verniliter ipsis 
 Fungitur officiis, prselambens omne quod affert. 
 Ille cubans gaudet mutata sorte bonisque 110 
 
 Rebus agit laetum convivam, cum subito ingens 
 Yalvarum strepitus lectis excussit utrumque. 
 Currere per totura pavidi conclave, magisque 
 
 Mui. e p . e. 5. Exanimes trepidare, simul domus alta Molossis 
 
 Personuit canibus. Tum rusticus : Haud mihi vita 115 
 Est opus hac, ait, et valeas ; me silva cavusque 
 Tutus ab insidiis tenui solabitur ervo. 
 
 VII. 
 
 Jam dudum ausculto et cupiens tibi dicere servus 
 Pauca reformido. Davusne ? Ita_, Davus, amicum 
 fm. e. 1. 16. 49. Mancipium domino et frugi quod sit satis, hoc est, 
 Dec. s. 2. 3. 5. Ut vitale putes. Age, libertate Decembri, 
 
 Quando ita majores voluerunt, utere; narra. 5 
 
 Pars hominum vitiis gaudet constanter, et urget 
 Propositum ■ pars multa natat, modo recta capessens, 
 Interdum pravis obnoxia. Saepe notatus 
 Cum tribus anellis, modo lseva Priscus inani, 
 ime. s. i. 3. 9. Vixit insequalis, clavum ut mutaret in horas ; 10 
 
 iEdibus ex magnis subito se eonderet, unde 
 Mundior exiret vix libertinus honeste ; 
 Jam moechus Romse, jam mallet doctus Athenis 
 Vivere : Vertumnis quotquot sunt natus iniquis. 
 Scurra Volanerius, postquam illi justa cheragra 15 
 
 108. vernaliter. T09. praclibans. 13. doctor. 
 
SATIRJRUM LIB. II vii. 191 
 
 Contudit articulos, qui pro se tolleret atque 
 
 Mitteret in phimum talos^ mercede diurna 
 
 Conductum pavit : quanto constantior isdem „ pav . s. 1. 6. 104. 
 
 In vitiis, tanto levius miser ac prior illo, 
 20 Qui jam contento, jam laxo fune laborat. 
 
 Non dices hodie quorsum hsec tam putida tendant, P ut. s. 2. 3. 75. 
 
 Furcifer ? Ad te, inquam. Quo pacto, pessime ? 
 Laudas 
 
 Fortunam et mores antiquas plebis, et idem, 
 
 Si quis ad illa deus subito te agat, usque recuses, 24. s. 1. 1. 15. 
 25 Aut quia non sentis quod clamas rectius esse, 
 
 Aut quia non firmus rectum defendis et hseres 
 
 Nequiquam cseno cupiens evellere plantam. 
 
 Romse rus optas ; absentem rusticus urbem a8 , e. 1. 8. 12. 
 
 Tollis ad astra levis. Si nusquam es forte vocatus 
 30 Ad cenam, laudas securum olus ao, velut usquam 
 
 Vinctus eas, ita te felicem dicis amasque, 
 
 Quod nusquam tibi sit potandum. Jusserit ad se 
 
 Msecenas serum sub lumina prima venire ium. e. 2. 2. 98. 
 
 Convivam : Nemon oleum fert ocius ? ecquis 
 35 Audit ? cum magno blateras clamore fugisque. 
 
 Mulvius et scurrae tibi non referenda precati scu E x 15 28 
 
 Discedunt. Etenim fateor me ; dixerit ille, 
 
 Duci ventre levem, nasum nidore supinor, 
 
 Imbecillus, iners, si quid vis, adde, popino ; 
 40 Tu cum sis quod ego et fortassis nequior, ultro 
 
 Insectere velut melior verbisque decoris 
 
 Obvolvas vitium ? Quid, si me stultior ipso 
 
 Quingentis empto drachmis deprenderis ? Aufer 
 
 Me vultu terrere ; manum stomachumque teneto, 
 45 Dum quae Crispini docuit me janitor edo. qh. s. 1. 1. 120. 
 
 Te conjux aliena capit, meretricula Davum : 
 
 Peccat uter nostrum cruce dignius ? Acris ubi me 
 
 Natura intendit, sub clara nuda lucerna 
 
 27. nequicquam, nequidquam. 34 feret. 35. furisque. 
 
 P2 
 
192 Q. HOHATl FLACCl 
 
 Quaecumque exeepit turgentia verbcra caudae, 
 
 Cluuibus aut agitavit equum lasciva supinum, 50 
 
 Dimittit neque famosum neque solliciturn, ne 
 
 Ditior aut formae melioris meiat eodem. 
 
 Tu cum projectis insignibus, anulo equestri 
 
 Romanoque habitn, prodis ex judice Dama 
 
 Turpis, odoratum caput obscurante lacerna, 55 
 
 Non es quod simulas ? Metuens induceris atque 
 
 Altercante libidinibus tremis ossa pavore. 
 
 Quid refert, uri, virgis ferroque necari 
 
 Auctoratus eas, an turpi clausus in arca, 
 
 con. s. i. 2. 130. Quo te demisit peccati conscia erilis, 60 
 
 Contractum genibus taugas caput? Estne marito 
 Matronse peccantis in ambo justa potestas ? 
 In corruptorem vel justior. Illa tamen se 
 Non liabitu mutatve loco, peccatve superne. 
 Cum te formidet mulier neque credat amanti, 65 
 
 Ibis sub furcam prudens dominoque furenti 
 Committes rem omnem et vitam et cum corpore famam. 
 Evasti : credo, metues doctusque cavebis ; 
 QuaBres quando iterum paveas itemmque perire 
 Possis, o totiens servus ! Quse belua ruptis 70 
 
 Cum semel effugit, reddit se prava catenis ? 
 Non sum mceehus, ais ; neque ego, hercule, fur, ubi vasa 
 
 73. e. i. 16. 53. Praetereo sapiens argentea : tolle periclum_, 
 Jam vaga prosiliet frenis natura remotis. 
 Tune mihi dominus, rerum imperiis hominumque 75 
 Tot tantisque minor ; quem ter vindicta quaterque 
 Imposita haud umquam misera formidine privet ? 
 Adde super d?ctis quod non levius valeat : nam 
 Sive vicarius est, qui servo paret — uti mos 
 Yester ait — seu conservus ; tibi quid sum ego ? Nempe 
 Tu, mihi qui imperitas, alii servis miser atque 81 
 
 Duceris ut nervis alienis mobile lignum. 
 
 60, herilis. 81. aliis. 
 
SATIRJRUM LIB. II. vii. 193 
 
 Quisnam igitur liber ? Sapiens sibi qui imperiosus, 
 
 Quem neque pauperies neque mors neque vincula 
 terrent, 
 85 Responsare cupidinibus, contemnere honores es ' E y 'i. l/es. 
 
 FortiSj et in se ipso totus, teres atque rotundus, 
 
 Externi ne quid valeat per leve morari, 
 
 In quem manca ruit semper fortuna. Potesne 
 
 Ex his ut proprium quid noscere ? Quinque talenta 
 90 Poscit te mulier, vexat foribusque repulsum 
 
 Perfundit gelida, rursus vocat : eripe turpi 
 
 Colla jugo ; Liber, lib.er sum ; dic age ! Non quis : 
 
 Urget enim dominus mentem non lenis et acres 
 
 Subjectat lasso stimulos versatque negantem. 
 95 Vel cum Pausiaca torpes, insane, tabella, tor. e. 2. 1. 97. 
 
 Qui peccas minus atque ego, cum Fuivi Rutubaeque 
 
 Aut Pacideiani contento poplite miror 
 
 Prcelia rubrica picta aut carbone, velut si 
 
 Re vera pugnent, feriant vitentque moventes 
 100 Arma viri ? Nequam et cessator Davus ; at ipse «»• e. 2, 2. 14 
 
 Subtilis veterum judex et callidus audis. cai. s. 2. 3. 2.3. 
 
 Nil ego, si ducor libo fumante : tibi ingens 
 
 Virtus atque animus cenis responsat opimis ? 
 
 Obsequium ventris mihi perniciosius est cur ? 
 105 Tergo plector enim. Qui tu impunitior illa, 
 
 Quse parvo sumi nequeunt, obsonia captas ? 
 
 Nempe inamarescunt epulae sine fine petitse, 107. s. 2. 2. 75. 
 
 Illusique pedes vitiosum ferre recusant Vl t. s. 2. 2. 21. 
 
 Corpus. An hic peccat, sub noctem quipueruvam 
 110 Furtiva mutat strigih ? qui prsedia vendit, 
 
 Nil servile gutee parens habet ? Adde, quod idem gui. e. 1. 6. 57. 
 
 Non horam tecum esse potes, non otia recte 
 
 Ponere, teque ipsum vitas fugitivus et erro, 113. c. 2. 16. 20. 
 
 Jam vino quaerens, j am somno f allere curam ; 
 115 Frustra : nam comes atra premit sequiturque fuga- „< c 3 1 40 
 cem. 
 
 97. Placideiani. 
 
194 Q. HORATI FLJCCI 
 
 Unde mihi lapidem ? Quorsum est opus ? Unde sa- 
 
 gittas ? 
 Aut insanit homo aut versus facit. Ocius hinc te 
 Ni rapis, accedes opera agro nona Sabino. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Ut Nasidieni juvit te cena beati ? 
 Nam mihi quserenti convivam dictus here illic 
 De medio potare die. Sic, ut mihi numquam 
 In vita fuerit melius. Da, si grave non est, 
 
 ven - 8 - *• 1 8- Quae prima iratum ventrem placaverit esca. 5 
 
 In primis Lucanus aper : leni fuit Austro 
 Captus, ut aiebat cenae pater ; acria circum 
 Rapula, lactucae, radices, qualia lassum 
 
 aii. s. 2. 4. 73. Pervellunt stomachum, siser, allec, fsecula Coa. 
 
 His ubi sublatis puer alte cinctus acernam 10 
 
 Gausape purpureo mensam pertersit, et alter 
 Sublegit quodcumque jaceret inutile quodque 
 
 Att. s. l. 3. n. P° sse t cenantes offendere ; ut Attica virgo 
 Cum sacris Cereris procedit fuscus Hydaspes 
 Csecuba vina ferens, Alcon Chium maris expers. 15 
 
 Hic erus : Albanum, Maecenas, sive Falernum 
 Te magis appositis delectat : habemus utrumque. 
 
 mis. s. 2. 6. 79. Divitias miseras ! Sed quis cenantibus una, 
 Fundani, pulchre fuerit tibi^ nosse laboro. 
 Summus ego et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra, 20 
 Si memini, Varius, cum Servilio Balatrone 
 
 umb. e. i. 5. 28. Vibidius,, quas Msecenas adduxerat umbras. 
 Nomentanus erat super ipsum, Porcius infra, 
 Ridiculus totas semel obsorbere placentas. 
 Nomentanus ad hoc, qui si quid forte lateret, 25 
 
 Indice monstraret digito : nam cetera turba, 
 
 116. ? quorsumst. 1. ut te Nasidieni. 16. herus. 22. quos. 
 21. simul. 
 
SJTIRARUM LIB. II. viii. 195 
 
 Nos. inquam, cenamus aves, conchylia, pisces, con. s. 2. 4. 30. 
 
 ,. . ., . Ep. 2. 49. 
 
 Longe dissimilem noto celantia sucum ; 
 
 Ut vel continuo patuit, cum passeris atque 
 30 Ingustata mihi porrexerat ilia rhombi. 
 
 Post hoc me docuit melimela rubere minorem 
 
 Ad lunam delecta : quid hoc intersit, ab ipso 
 
 Audieris melius. Tum Vibidius Balatroni : 
 
 Nos nisi damnose bibimus, moriemur inulti ; 
 35 Et calices poscit majores. Vertere pallor 3S . e p . 9. 33. 
 
 Tum parochi faciem nil sic metuentis ut acres 
 
 Potores, vel quod maledicunt liberius vel 
 
 Fervida quod subtile exsurdant vina palatum. 
 
 Invertunt Allifanis vinaria tota 
 40 Vibidius Balatroque, secutis omnibus ; imi imi, e. 1. is. 10. 
 
 Convivse lecti nihilum nocuere lagenis. 
 
 Affertur squillas inter mursena natantes 
 
 In patina porrecta. Sub hoc erus : Hsec gravida, 
 inquit, 
 
 Capta est, deterior post partum carne futura. 
 45 His mixtum jus est : oleo, quod prima Venafri ven. s. 2. 4. 69. 
 
 Pressit cella ; garo de sucis piscis Hiberi ; 
 
 Vino quinquenni, verum citra mare nato, 
 
 Dum coquitur — cocto Chium sic convenit, ut non 
 
 Hoc magis ullum aliud ; — pipere albo, non sine 
 aceto, 
 50 Quod Methymnaeam vitio mutaverit uvam. mu t, s. 2. 2. 58. 
 
 Erucas virides, inulas ego primus amaras inu. s. 2. 2. 44. 
 
 Monstravi incoquere ; inlutos Curtillus echinos, inc. e p . 3. 7. 
 
 Ut melius muria quod testa marina remittat. 
 
 Interea suspensa graves aulsea ruinas 
 55 In patinam fecere, trahentia pulveris atri 
 
 Quantum non Aquilo Campanis excitat agris, 
 
 Nos majus veriti, postquam nihil esse pericli 
 
 Sensimus, erigimur ; Bufus posito capite, ut si 
 
 13. kerus. M«. ? captast. 53. quam. 
 
196 Q. HOIUTI FLACCI 
 
 Filius immaturus obisset, flere. Quis csset 
 FiniSj ni sapiens sic Nomentanus amicum 60 
 
 Tolleret : Heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos 
 Te deus ? Ut semper gaudes illudere rebus 
 llumanis ! Yarius mappa compescere risum 
 
 6 4 . s. 1. e. 5. Vix poterat. Balatro suspendens omnia uaso, 
 
 Haec est condicio vivendi, aiebat, eoque 65 
 
 Responsura tuo numquam est par fama labori. 
 
 ten. s. 2..4. 83. Tene, ut ego accipiar laute, torquerier omni 
 
 Ep. 11. 11. 
 
 Sollicitudine districtum, ne panis adustus, 
 Ne male conditum jus apponatur, ut omnes 
 pr<e. s. i. 5. 6; Praecincti recte pueri comptique ministrent ? 70 
 
 Adde hos praeterea casus, aulsea ruant si, 
 Ut modo ; si patinam pede lapsus frangat agaso. 
 Sed convivatoris, uti ducis, ingenium res 
 Adversse nudare solent, celare secundae. 
 Nasidienus ad haec : Tibi Di quaecumque preceris 75 
 Commoda dent ! ita vir bonus es convivaque comis ; 
 Et soleas poscit. Tum in lecto quoque videres 
 Stridere secreta divisos aure susurros. 
 Nullos his mallem ludos spectasse ; sed illa 
 Redde, age, quas deinceps risisti. Vibidius dum 80 
 Quaerit de pueris, num sit quoque fracta lagena, 
 Quod sibi poscenti non dantur pocula, dumque 
 Ridetur fictis rerum Balatrone secundo, 
 Nasidiene, redis mutatse frontis, ut arte 
 Emendaturus fortunam ; deinde secuti 85 
 
 Mazonomo pueri magno discerpta ferentes 
 Membra gruis sparsi sale multo, non sine farre, 
 Pinguibus et ficis pastum jecur anseris albae, 
 g 9 . s. 2. 4. 44. Et leporum avolsos, ut multo suavius, armos 
 cdi Ep. 3. 3. Quam si cum lumbis quis edit. Tum pectore adusto 
 Vidimus et merulas poni et sine clune palumbes, 91 
 Suaves res, si non causas narraret earum et 
 
 88. albi. 
 
SATIRARUM LIB. II. viii. 
 
 197 
 
 95 
 
 Naturas dominus, quem nos sic fugimus ulti, 
 Ut nihil omnino gustaremus, velut illis 
 Canidia afflasset pejor serpentibus Afris. 
 
 Afr. C. 3. 10. 18. 
 
 95. atris. 
 
11)8 
 
 Q. HORATI FLACCI EPISTOLAE 
 
 LIBER PRIMUS. 
 i. 
 
 i. c. 1. 1. 1. Prima dicte mihi, summa dicende Camena, 
 Spectatum satis et donatum jam rude quseris, 
 Msecenas, iterum antiquo me includere ludo : 
 
 4 . c. 4. io. 7. Non eadem est setas, non mens. Veianius, armis 
 
 jix. c. 3. 2G. 3. Herculis ad postem fixis, latet abditus agro, 5 
 
 Ne populum extrema totiens exoret harena. 
 Est mihi purgatam crebro qui personet aurem : 
 Solve senescentem matre sanus equum, ne 
 Peccet ad extremum ridendus et ilia ducat. 
 
 io. e. 2. 2. 57. Nunc itaque et versus et cetera ludicra pono, 10 
 
 Quid verum atque decens curo et rogo et omnis in hoc 
 sum; 
 
 cm c. e. 2. i. s. Condo et compono, quse mox depromere possim. 
 Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter ; 
 
 jur. e p . 15. 4. Nullius addictus jurare in verba magistri, 
 
 Quo me cumque rapit tempestas, deferor hospes. 15 
 Nunc agilis fio et mersor civilibus undis, 
 Virtutis verse custos rigidusque satelles ; 
 
 Arl E ' L i8 7 io3 ; ^unc m Aristippi furtim prsecepta relabor, 
 Et mihi res, non me rebus subjungere conor. 
 
 1. ? eademst. 6. toties ; arena. 16. versor. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. i. 199 
 
 20 Ut nox longa, quibus mentitur amica, diesque 
 
 Longa videtur opus debentibus, ut piger annus 
 
 Pupillis, quos dura premit custodia matrum : 
 
 Sic mihi tarda fluunt ingrataque tempora, quse spem 
 
 Consiliumque morantur agendi naviter id, quod 
 25 iEque pauperibus prodest, locupletibus seque, 
 
 iEque neglectum pueris senibusque nocebit : 
 
 Restat, ut his ego me ipse regam solerque elementis. 
 
 Non possis oculo quantum contendere Lynceus, Lyn. s. i. 2. 90. 
 
 Non tamen idcirco contemnas lippus inungi ; 
 30 Nec, quia desperes invicti membra Glyconis, 
 
 Nodosa corpus nolis prohibere cheragra. ehe. s. 2. 7. 15. 
 
 Est quadam prodire tenus, si non datur ultra. 
 
 Fervet avaritia miseroque cupidine pectus : 53- s. 1. 4. 25. 
 
 Sunt verba et voces, quibus hunc lenire dolorem 
 35 Possis et magnam morbi deponere partem. »wr. s. 2. 3. 27. 
 
 Laudis amore tumes : sunt certa piacula, quse te 
 
 Ter pure lecto poterunt recreare libello. 
 
 Invidus, iracundus, iners, vinosus^ amator,, 
 
 Nemo adeo ferus est, ut non mitescere possit, 
 40 Si modo culturse patientem commodet aurem. 
 
 Virtus est vitium fugere et sapientia prima 
 
 Stultitia caruisse. Vides, quae maxima credis 
 
 Esse mala, exiguum censum turpemque repulsam, rep c 3 2 17 
 
 Quanto devites animi capitisque labore. 
 45 Impiger extremos curris mercator ad Indos, 45. s. 1. 1. 39. 
 
 . . C 3. 24. 40. 
 
 Per mare paupenem fugiens, per saxa, per lgnes : 
 
 Ne cures ea, quae stulte miraris et optas, 
 
 Discere et audire et meliori credere non vis ? d>s. e. 1. 8. 8. 
 
 mel. E. 1. 2. 68. 
 
 Quis circum pagos et circum compita pugnax 
 50 Magna coronari contemnat Olympia, cui spes, 
 
 Cui sit condicio dulcis sine pulvere palmse ? pu i. c. 1. 1. 3. 
 
 Vilius argentum est auro, virtutibus aurum. 
 O cives, cives, quaerenda pecunia primum est ; 
 
 52. ? argentumst. 53. prirnurnst. 
 
200 Q. EORATl VLJOCl 
 
 jtm. B. 2. 3. is. Yirtus post nummos. Haec Janus summus ab imo 
 dic. e. 1. 18. 13. Prodocet, hasc recinunt juvenes dictata scnesquc 55 
 56. s. 1. 6. 74. Laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto. 
 
 Est animus tibi, sunt mores et lingua fidesque, 
 qua. Ep. 4. 16. Scd quadringentis sex septem milia desunt : 
 
 Plebs eris. At pueri ludentes, Rex eris, aiunt, 
 Si recte facies. Hic murus aeneus esto : 60 
 
 Nil conscire sibi, nulla pallescere culpa. 
 Roscia, dic sodes, melior lex, an puerorum est 
 Nen.c. 3. 23. 16. Nenia, quae regnum recte facientibus offert, 
 mar. a. p. 402. Et maribus Curiis et decantata Camillis ? 
 
 Isne tibi melius suadet, qui rem facias, rem, 65 
 
 Si possis, recte, si non, quocumque modo rem, 
 Ut propius spectes lacrimosa poemata Pupi, 
 68. s. 2. 7. 85. An qui Fortunse te responsare superbse 
 
 Liberum et erectum prsesens hortatur et aptat ? 
 
 Quod si me populus Romanus forte roget, cur 70 
 
 Non, ut porticibus, sic judiciis fruar isdem, 
 
 Nec sequar aut fugiam, quse diiigit ipse vel odit, 
 
 Olim quod volpes segroto cauta leoni 
 
 Respondit, referam : Quia me vestigia terrent, 
 
 Omnia te adversum spectantia, nulla retrorsum. 75 
 
 Beiua multorum es capitum. Nam quid sequar aut 
 
 quem ? 
 Pars hominum gestit conducere publica, sunt qui 
 »8. s. 2. s. 12. Crustis et pomis viduas venentur avaras 
 viv. s. 2. 5. 44. Excipiantque senes, quos in vivaria mittant ; 
 
 Multis occulto crescit res fenore. Verum 80 
 
 Esto aliis alios rebus studiisque teneri : 
 Idem eadem possunt horam durare probantes ? 
 Bai. c. 2.i8. 2o. Nullus in orbe sinus Bais prselucet amcenis, 
 84 c. 2. io.' 3. * Si dixit dives, lacus et mare sentit amorem 
 
 3 1 33. 
 
 Eestinantis eri ; cui si vitiosa libido 85 
 
 aus. o. 2. 15. 12. Fecerit auspicium : Cras ferramenta Teanum 
 
 57. est lingua. 58. si. 62. ? puerorumst ; est om. M8S. pleriq. 
 v.t S. 1. 9. 42. 83. Baiis. 85. heri. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. ii. 201 
 
 Tolletisj fabri. Lectus genialis in aula est : 
 
 Nil ait esse prius, melius nil cgelibe vita ; 
 
 Si non est, jurat bene solis esse maritis. hen - £• \- \ 6 -^ 
 
 90 Quo teneam vultus mutantem Protea nodo ? Pro. s. 2. 3. 71. 
 
 Quid pauper ? Eide : mutat cenacula, lectos, 
 
 Balnea, tonsores, conducto navigio seque 
 
 Nauseat ac locuples, quem ducit priva triremis. 
 
 Si curatus insequali tonsore capillos 
 95 Occurri, ridems ; si forte subucula pexse Q> 
 
 Trita subest tunicse vel si toga dissidet impar, 96. s. 1. 3. 31. 
 
 Rides : quid_, mea cum pugnat sententia secum, 
 
 Quod petiit spernit, repetit quod nuper omisit. 
 
 iEstuat et vitae disconvenit ordine toto, 
 100 Diruit, sedificat, mutat quadrata rotundis? 
 
 Insanire putas sollemnia me neque rides, 
 
 Nec medici credis nec curatoris egere 
 
 A praetore dati, rerum tutela mearum / 
 
 Cum sis et prav\sectum stomacberis ob unguem £- 
 105 De te pendentis, te respicientis amici. 106. s. 1. 3. 124 
 
 Ad summam : sapiens uno minor est Jove, dives, 
 
 Liber, honoratus, pulcher, rex denique regum ; 
 
 Prsecipue sanus ; nisi cum pituita molesta est. pit. s. 2. 2. 76. 
 
 II. 
 
 Trojant belli scriptorem, maxime Lolli, 
 
 Dum tu declamas Romse, Praeneste relegi ; 
 
 Qui, quid sit pulchrum, quid turpe,_ quid utile, 
 
 quid non, 
 Planius ac melius Chrysippo et Crantore dicit. 
 5 Cur ita crediderim, nisi quid te detinet, audi. 
 Fabula, qua Paridis propter narratur amorem 
 Graecia Barbariae lento collisa duello, 
 
 87. ? aulast. 94. curtatus. 108. ? molestast. 4. plenins. 
 
&02 Q. EORATl FLACCl 
 
 Stultorum regum ct populorum continet iestus. 
 Antenor ccnset belli prsecidcre causam. 
 Quid Paris ? Ut salvus regnet vivatque beatus, 10 
 
 Cogi posse negat. Nestor componere lites 
 in. in s. 1.7.12. Inter Peliden festinat et inter Atriden ; 
 
 Hunc amor, ira quidem communiter urit utrumque. 
 Quidquid delirant reges, plectuntur Achivi. 
 Seditione, dolis, scelere atque libidine et ira 15 
 
 Iliacos intra muros peccatur et extra. 
 Rursus, quid virtus et quid sapientia possit. 
 Utile proposuit nobis exemplar Ulixen, 
 Qui domitor Trojse multorum providus urbes 
 Et mores hominum inspexit, latumque per sequor, 20 
 Dum sibi, dum sociis reditum parat, aspera multa 
 imm c. 4. 4. 65. Pertulit, adversis rerum immersabilis undis. 
 Sirenum voces et Circse pocula nosti ; 
 Quse si cum sociis stultus cupidusque bibisset, 
 Sub domina meretrice fuisset turpis et excors, 25 
 
 Vixisset canis immundus vel amica luto sus. 
 /ru. c. 2. 14. io. Nos numerus sumus et fruges consumere nati, 
 Aic e. 1. 15. 24. Sponsi Penelopse, nebulones, Alcinoique 
 cur. s. 2. 5. 38. In cute curanda plus sequo operata juventus, 
 
 Cui pulchrum fuit in medios dormire dies_, et 30 
 
 Ad strepitum citharse cessatum ducere curam. 
 
 Ut jugulent homines, surgunt de nocte latrones : 
 
 Ut te-ipsum serves, non expergisceris ? Atqui, 
 
 Si noles sanus, curres hydropicus ; et ni 
 
 Posces ante diem librum cum lumine, si non 35 
 
 Intendes animum studiis et rebus honestis, 
 
 Invidia vel amore vigil torquebere. Nam cur, 
 
 Quse laedunt oculum, festinas demere ; si quid 
 
 Est animum, differs curandi tempus in annum ? 
 
 Dimidium facti, qui coepit, habet : sapere aude ; 40 
 
 Incipe. Qui recte vivendi prorogat horam_, 
 
 10. quocl Pavis, ut. 28. Alcinoique ; Iu.... 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. ii. 203 
 
 Rusticus exspectat, dum defluat amnis ; at ille 
 Labitur et labetur in omne volubilis sevum. 
 Quseritur argentum puerisque beata creandis 
 45 Uxor, et incultse pacantur vomere silvse : 4 $. e. 2. 2. 136. 
 
 ^v n . . . . ., ., ,. 46. C 3. 1.25; 
 
 Quod satis est cui contmgit, ninil amplius optet. 16. 43. 
 
 ° r r m. am. S. 2. 6. 4. 
 
 Non domus et fundus, non seris acervus et auri 47- c. 3. 1. 41. 
 
 iEgroto domini deduxit corpore febres, 
 
 Non animo curas. Valeat possessor oportet, 
 50 Si comportatis rebus bene cogitat uti. uti, s. 2. 3. 109. 
 
 Qui cupit aut metuit, juvat illum sic domus et res, C u P . e. 1. 6. 12. 
 
 Ut lippum pictse tabulse, fomenta podagram, fom. e p . 11. 17. 
 
 Auriculas citharae collecta sorde dolentes. 
 
 Sincerum est nisi vas, quodcumque infundis, acescit. «». s. 1. 3. 56. 
 55 Sperne voluptates ; nocet empta dolore voluptas. ^. s. 1. 2. 39. 
 
 Semper avarus eget; certum voto pete finem. fi n . s. 1. 1. 92. 
 
 Invidus alterius macrescit rebus opimis ; 57 . s. 1. 1. 111. 
 
 Invidia Siculi non invenere tyranni 
 
 ^Majus tormentum. Qui non moderabitur irse 
 60 Infectum volet esse, dolor quod suaserit et mens, 
 
 Dum pcenas odio per vim festinat inulto. 
 
 Ira furor brevis est : animum rege, qui nisi paret, 
 
 Imperat ; nunc frenis, hunc tu compesce catena. 63. c. 1. 16. 22. 
 
 Fingit equum tenera docilem cervice magister 
 65 Ire viatoi, qua monstret eques ; venaticus, ex quo 
 
 Terapore cervinam pkllem latravit in aula, ^. 
 
 Militat in silvis catulus. Nunc adbibe puro / pur. s. 1. 6. 64. 
 
 Pectore verba, puer, nunc te melioribus offer. mei. e. 1. 1. 48. 
 
 . S. 2. 5. 19. 
 
 Quo semel est imbuta recens, servabit odorem 
 70 Testa diu. Quod si cessas aut strenuus anteis, 
 Nec tardum opperior nec prsecedentibus insto. 
 
 46. contigit, hic, (vel) is. 54. ? sincerumst. 
 
204 Q. JIOIUTI FLJCCl 
 
 III. 
 
 Juli Flore, quibus terrarum militet oris 
 cia. e. 1. 12. 27. Claudius Augusti privignus, scire laboro. 
 Heb c 3 25' io Thracane vos Hebrusque nivali compede vinctus, 
 
 An freta vicinas inter currentia turres, 
 
 An pingues Asiae campi collesque morantur ? 5 
 
 coh. s. i. 7. 23. Quid studiosa cohors operum struit ? Hoc quoque curo. 
 sum. c. i. 12. 2. Qnis sibi res gestas Augusti scribere sumit ? 
 8 c 4 14 3. Bella quis et paces longum diffundit in sevum ? 
 
 Quid Titius Romana brevi venturus in ora ? 
 
 Pindarici fontis qui non expalluit haustus, 10 
 
 Fastidire lacus et rivos ausus apertos. 
 
 Ut valet ? ut meminit nostri ? Fidibusne Latinis 
 apt. c. 2. 12. 4. Thebanos aptare modos studet auspice Musa, 
 amp. a. p. 97. An tragica dessevit et ampullatur in arte ? 
 agi s. i. 9. 4. Quid mihi Celsus agit ? monitus multumque monendus, 
 
 Privatas ut quserat opes et tangere vitet 16 
 
 i7. e. 2. i. 2i6. Scripta, Palatinus quaecumque recepit Apollo, 
 
 Ne, si forte suas repetitum venerit olim 
 
 Grex avium plumas, moveat cornicula risum 
 
 Furtivis nudata coloribus. Ipse quid audes ? 20 
 
 thy. c. 4. 2. 29. ' Quse circumvolitas agilis thyma ? Non tibi parvum 
 tur. a. p. 3. Ingenium, non incultum est et turpiter hirtum. 
 
 Seu linguam causis acuis seu civica jura 
 
 Respondere paras seu condis amabile carmen, 
 a $. c. i. i. 29. Prima feres hederse ^vdctricis prsemia. Quod si 25 
 
 fom. Ep. n. 17. Frigida curarum fomenta relinquere posses, 
 
 Quo te cselestis sapientia duceret, ires. 
 
 Hoc opus, hoc studium parvi properemus et ampli, 
 
 Si patrise volumus, si nobis vivere cari. 
 
 Debes hoc etiam rescribere, si tibi curse 30 
 
 Quantse conveniat Munatius ; an male sarta 
 
 6. h«*. 22. ? incnltmnst nec. 30. sit. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. v. 
 
 205 
 
 Gratia nequiquam coit et rescinditur ? At vos 
 Seu calidus sanguis seu rerum inscitia vexat 
 Indomita cervice feros, ubicumque locorum 
 35 Vivitis, indigni fraternum rumpere foedus, 
 Pascitur in vestrum reditum votiva juvenca. 
 
 fer. E. 1. 13. 8. 
 fra. E. 1. 10. 4. 
 vo. ju. C 4. 3. 53. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Albi, nostrorum sermonum candide judex, 
 Quid nunc te dicam facere in regione Pedana ? 
 Scribere quod Cassi Parmensis opuscula vincat, 
 An tacitum silvas inter reptare salubres, 
 5 Curantem quidquid dignum sapiente bonoque est ? 
 Non tu corpus eras sine pectore. Di tibi formam, 
 Di tibi divitias dederunt artemque fruendi. 
 Quid voveat dulci nutricula majus alumno, 
 Q,ui sapere et fari possit quae sentiat, et cui 
 
 10 Gratia, fama, valetudo contingat abunde 
 Et mundus victus, non deficiente crumena ? 
 Inter spem curamque, timores inter et iras, 
 Omnem crede diem tibi diluxisse supremum : 
 Grata superveniet, quse non sperabitur, hora. 
 
 15 Me pinguem et nitidum bene curata cute vises, 
 Cum ridere voles, Epicuri de grege porcum. 
 
 Alb. C 1. 33. 
 can. S. 1. 10. 
 
 mun. C 3. 29. 14. 
 
 13. C 1. 0. 14; 
 
 3. 29. -12. 
 
 cur. E. 1. 2. 29. 
 
 V. 
 
 Si potes Archiacis conviva recumbere lectis 
 Nec modica cenare times olus omne patella, 
 Supremo te sole domi, Torquate, manebo. 
 Vina bibes iterum Tauro diffusa palustres 
 5 Inter Minturnas Sinuessanumque Petrinum. 
 Si melius quid habes, arcesse vel imperium fer. 
 
 32. ac. 5. ? bonoqnest : est om. al. 9. quam...ut possit. 
 
 2. holus. 6. sin. 
 
 2. S. 2. 6. 64; 
 
 7. 30. 
 
 arc. C. 4. 12. 21. 
 
200 Q. ITORATI FLACCI 
 
 m«Ji C c?'8?ss9. 4 k ^ am (ni(Uim splcndct focus ct tibi munda Bupellex. 
 
 Mitte lcves spes ct certamina divitiarum. 
 
 Et Mosclii causam : cras nato Cyesarc fcstus 
 imp. a. p. 210. Dat veniam somnumque dies j impune liccbit 10 
 
 iEstivam sermone benigno tendere noctem. 
 
 Quo mihi fortunam, si non conceditur uti ? 
 i 3 . o. 3. 18. 28. Parcus ob heredis curam nimiumque severus 
 
 s - 2. 3. 151. . -, • n 
 
 i 4 . c. 3. 19. 22. Assidet msano : potare et spargere nores 
 
 Incipiam patiarque vel inconsultus haberi. 15 
 
 Quid non ebrietas designat ? Operta recludit, 
 
 Spes jubet esse ratas, ad prcelia trudit inertem ; 
 
 Sollicitis animis onus eximit, addocet artes. 
 
 Fecundi calices quem non fecere disertum ? 
 
 Contracta quem non in paupertate solutum ? 20 
 
 Haec ego procurare et idoneus imperor et non 
 
 tor. s. 2. 4. 8i. Invitus, ne turpe toral, ne sordida mappa 
 
 Corruget nares, ne non et cantharus et lanx 
 
 Ostendat tibi te, ne fidos inter amicos 
 
 Sit qui dicta foras eliminet, ut coeat par 25 
 
 Jungaturque pari. Batram tibi Septiciumque, 
 
 Et nisi cena prior potiorque puella Sabinum 
 
 umb. s. 2. 8. 22. Detinet, assumam ; locus est et pluribus umbris : 
 
 29. s. 1. 2. 27. Sed nimis arta premunt olidae convivia capras. 
 
 Tu, quotus esse velis, rescribe,, et rebus omissis 30 
 
 Atria servantem postico faile clientem. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Nil admirari prope res est una, Numici, 
 Solaque, quse possit facere et servare beatum. 
 Hunc solem et stellas et decedentia certis 
 mom. e. 1. 10.I6. Tempora momentis sunt qui formidine nulla 
 Imbuti spectent : quid censes munera terrae, 
 
 17. inermem. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. vi. 207 
 
 Quid maris extremos Arabas ditantis et Indos, 
 
 Ludicra quid_, plausus et amici dona Quiritis, 
 
 Quo spectanda modo, quo sensu credis et ore ? 
 
 Qui timet his adversa, fere miratur eodem, 
 10 Quo cupiens_, pacto ; pavor est utrobique molestus, 
 
 Improvisa simul species exterret utrumque. 
 
 Gaudeat an doleat, cupiat metuatne_, quid ad rem, «ip. e. i. 2. 51. 
 
 Si_, quidquid vidit melius pejusve sua spe, 
 
 Defixis oculis animoque et corpore torpet ? 
 15 Insani sapiens nomen ferat, sequus iniqui, 
 
 Ultra quam satis est virtutem si petat ipsam. 
 
 I nunc, argentum et marmor vetus eeraque et artes ">• c - 4 - 8 - ? ; 
 
 Suspice, cum gemmis Tyrios mirare colores ; is. e. 2. 2. iso. 
 
 Gaude, quod spectant oculi te mille loquentem ; 
 20 Navus mane forum et vespertinus pete tectum, 
 Ne plus frumenti dotalibus emetat agris 
 Mutus et, (indignum, quod sit pejoribus ortus,) 
 Hic tibi sit potius quam tu mirabilis illi. 
 Quidquid sub terra est, in apricum proferet setas ; 
 25 Defodiet condetque nitentia. Cum bene notum 
 Porticus Agrippse et via te conspexerit Appi, 
 Ire tainen restat, Numa quo devenit et Ancus. 
 Si latus aut renes morbo temptantur acuto, 
 Qusere fugam morbi. Vis recte vivere : quis non ? 
 30 Si virtus hoc una potest dare_, fortis omissis 
 Hoc age deliciis. Yirtutem verba putas et 
 Lucum ligna : cave ne portus occupet alter, 
 Ne Cibyratica, ne Bithyna negotia perdas ; 
 Mille talenta rotundentui\ totidem altera_, porro et 
 35 Tertia succedant et quse pars quadrat acervam. 
 Scilicet uxorem cum dote fidemque et amicos 
 Et genus et formam regina Pecunia donat, 
 Ac bene nummatum decorat Suadela Venusque. 
 Mancipiis locuples eget seris Cappadocum rex : 
 
 24. ? terrast. 31. putes ut. 
 
 Avp. Ep. 
 
 4. 14. 
 
 37. C. 4. 7. 15. 
 
 /or. E. 1. 
 
 2.40. 
 
 hoca. S. 2 
 
 E.l 
 
 .3.152. 
 .18.88. 
 
 Bit. C 1. 
 
 3. 
 
 35. 7. 
 
 7. 3. 
 
 36. S. 2. 3. 
 
 95. 
 
 37. S. 2. 5. 
 
 8. 
 
208 Q. HORATl ILACCl 
 
 Ne fneris hic tu. Chlamydes Lucullus, ut aiunt, 40 
 Si posset centum scenae prabere rogatus, 
 Qui possum tot ? ait ; tamen et qujeram et quot hahebo 
 Mittam : post paulo scribit sibi milia quinque 
 Esse domi chlamydum : partem vel tolleret omnes. 
 Exilis domus est, ubi non et multa supersunt 45 
 
 Et dominum fallunt et prosunt furibus. Ergo, 
 Si res sola potest facere et servare beatum, 
 Hoc primus repetas opus, hoc postremus omittas. 
 spe. e. 2. 2. 203. Si fortunatum species et gratia prsestat, 
 
 Mercemur servum, qui dictet nomina, lsevura 50 
 
 pon. s. i. 3. 78. Q u i fodicet latus et cogat trans pondera dextram 
 
 Porrigere. Hic multum in Fabia valet, ille Velina ; 
 Cuilibet hic fasces dabit eripietque curule 
 imp. e. 2. 2. 185. Cui volet importunus ebur. Frater, Pater, adde : 
 
 Ut cuique est setas, ita quemque facetus adopta. 55 
 Si, bene qui cenat, bene vivit, lucet^ eamus 
 gui. s. 2. 7. ni ; Quo ducit gula ; piscemur, venemur, ut olim 
 pia. e. 1. 18. 48. Gargilius, qui mane plagas, venabula, servos 
 DifFertum transire forum populumque jubebat, 
 Unus ut e multis populo spectante referret 60 
 
 o-u. s. i. 5. 49. Emptum mulus aprum. Crudi tumidique lavemur, 
 Quid deceat, quid non, obliti, Cserite cera 
 Digni, remigium vitiosum Ithacensis Ulixei, 
 Cui potior patria fuit interdicta voluptas. 
 i»/m.E.2.2.ioi. Si_, Mimnermus uti censet, sine amore jocisque 65 
 
 Nil est jucundunr, vivas in amore jocisque. 
 vi. va. s. 2. 5. iio. Vive, vale. Si quid novisti rectius istis, 
 can. e. i. 4. i. Candidus imperti ; si non, his utere mecum. 
 
 VII. 
 Quinque dies tibi pollicitus me rure futurum, 
 Sextilem totum mendax desideror. Atqui 
 
 51. fodiat. 53. cui libet, is. 54. cuilibet imp. Hl B. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. vii. 209 
 
 Si me vivere vis sanum recteque valentem, 
 Quam mihi das eegro, dabis segrotare timenti, 
 5 Msecenas, veniam, dum ficus prima calorque 
 
 Designatorem decorat lictoribus atris, 5. s. 2. 6. 19. 
 
 Dum pueris omnis pater et matercula pallet, 
 
 Officiosaque sedulitas et opella forensis off. s. 1. 6. 101. 
 
 E. 2. 2. 68. 
 
 Adducit febres et testamenta resignat. 
 10 Quod si bruma nives Albanis illinet agris, 
 
 Ad mare descendet "vates tuus et sibi parcet »ar. s. 1. 4. 127. 
 
 Contractusque leget; te, dulcis amice, reviset 
 
 Cum Zephyris, si concedes, et hirundine prima. 
 
 Non, quo more piris vesci Calaber jubet hospes, 
 15 Tu me fecisti locupletem. Vescere sodes. 
 
 Jam satis est. At tu quantum vis tolle. Beuigne. 
 
 Non invisa feres pueris munuscula parvis. 
 
 Tam teneor dono, quam si dimittar onustus. 
 
 Ut libet ; haec porcis hodie comedenda relinques. 
 20 Prodigus et stultus donat, quse spernit et odit ; 
 
 Hsec seges ingratos tulit et feret omnibus annis. 
 
 Vir bonus et sapiens dignis ait esse paratus, dig. s. 1. 6. 51. 
 
 Nec tamen ignorat, quid distent sera lupinis : 
 
 Dignum prsestabo me etiam pro laude merentis. 
 25 Quod si me noles usquam discedere, reddes 
 
 Forte latus, nigros angusta fronte capillos, 
 
 Reddes dulce loqui, reddes ridere decorum et 
 
 Inter vina fugam Cinarse mserere protervae. 
 
 Forte per angustam tenuis volpecula rimam 
 30 Repserat in cumeram frumenti, pastaque rursus 
 
 Ire foras pleno tendebat corpore frustra ; 
 
 Cui mustela procul, Si vis, ait, efFugere istinc, 
 
 Macra cavum repetes artum, quem macra subisti. 
 
 Hac ego si compellor imagine, cuncta resigno ; r«. c. 3. 29. 54. 
 
 35 Nec somnum plebis laudo satur altilium, nec 
 
 Otia divitiis Arabum liberrima muto. 
 
 3. vis recteque videre valentem. 16. quantumvis, 18. honustus. 
 29. vulpecuk. 
 
210 Q. IIORATl FLACCI 
 
 '"' "x p 1 ^ 84, Ssepe vcrccundum laudasti, rcxquo paterque 
 aud. s. 2. 6.20| Audisti coram, ncc verbo parcius absene : 
 ' Inspice, si possum donata reponerc Laetus. 
 Haud male Telemachus, proles patientis Ulixci : 10 
 
 Non est aptus equis Itliace locus, ut neque planis 
 Porrectus spatiis nec multse prodigus herbse ; 
 Atride, magis apta tibi tua dona relinquam. 
 rcg. c. 4. 3. 13 ; Parvum parva decent ; mihi jam non regia Roma, 
 4S . c. 2. «. 5, sq . Sed vacuum Tibur placet aut imbelle Tarentum. 45 
 
 S. 2. L 31, , * 
 
 Strenuus et fortis causisque Philippus agendis 
 Clarus ab officiis octavam circiter horam 
 Dum redit atque Foro nimium distare Carinas 
 Jam grandis natu queritur, conspexit, ut aiunt, 
 Adrasum quendam vacua tonsoris in umbra 50 
 
 Cultello proprios purgantem leniter ungues. 
 Demetri, puer hic non laeve jussa Philippi 
 Accipiebatj abi, qusere et refer, unde donio, quis, 
 Cujus fortunse, quo sit patre quove patrono. 
 ^ It, redit et narr^t_, Volteium nomine Menam, 55 
 
 Prseconem, tenui censu, sine crimine, notum, 
 c°cs e i" io' 46*- -^t properare loco et cessare et quserere et uti 
 aua. s. 2 i. 2 i.9?' Gaudentem parvisque sodalibus et lare certo 
 
 A P i70. 
 
 Et ludis et post decisa negotia Campo. 
 
 Scitari libet ex ipso, quodcumque refers ; dic 60 
 
 Ad cenam veniat. Non sane credere Mena, 
 
 ben. v. 16. Mirari secum tacitus. Quid multa ? Benigne, 
 
 Respondet. Neget ille mihi ? Negat improbus et te 
 
 Neglegit aut horret. Volteium mane Phiiippus 
 
 Vilia vendentem tunicato scruta popello 65 
 
 sa . /k.e.1.10. i. Occupat et salvere jubet prior. Ille Philippo 
 Excusare laborem et mercenaria vincla, 
 Quod non mane domum venisset, denique, quod non 
 Providisset eum. Sie ignovisse putato 
 Me tibij si cenas hodie mecum. Ut libet. . Ergo 70 
 
 60. quaecumque. 
 
EPISTOLJRUM LIB. I. vii. 2L1 
 
 Post ncmam venies ; nunc i, rem strenuus auge. 
 
 Ut ventum ad cenam est, dicenda tacenda locutus 
 
 Tandem dormitum dimittitur. Hic ubi ssepe 
 
 Occultum visus decurrere piscis ad hamum 74. e. 1. ie. 51. 
 
 75 Mane cliens et jam certus conviva, jubetur 
 
 Rura suburbana indictis comes ire Latinis. 
 
 Impositus mannis arvum cselumque Sabinum man - c - 3. 27. 7. 
 
 Non cessat laudare. Videt ridetque Philippus, 
 
 Et, sibi dum requiem, dum risus undique quserit, 
 80 Dum septem donat sestertia, mutua septem 
 
 Promittit, persuadet uti mercetur agellum. 
 
 Mercatur. Ne te longis ambagibus ultra «»*&. s. 2. 5. 9. 
 
 Quam satis est morer, ex nitido fit rusticus atque »«. e. 1. i. 15. 
 
 Sulcos et vineta crepat mera ; prseparat ulmos, «**»■ e p- 2. 10 - 
 
 85 Immoritur studiis et amore senescit habendi. 
 
 Verum ubi oves furto,, morbo periere capellae, 
 
 Spem mentita seges, bos est enectus arando, men . c. 3. 1. 30. 
 
 Offensus damnis media de nocte caballum 
 
 Arripit iratusque Philippi tendit ad sedes. 
 90 Quem simul adspexit scabrum intonsumquePhilippus, 
 
 Durus, ait, Voltei, nimis attentusque videris 
 
 Esse mihi. Pol me miserum, patrone, vocares, 
 
 Si velles^ inquit, verum mihi ponere nomen ! 
 
 Quod te per Genium dextramque deosque Penates 
 95 Obsecro et obtestor, vitse me redde priori. 
 
 Qui semel adspexit, quantum dimissa petitis 
 
 Prsestentj mature redeat repetatque relicta. 
 
 Metiri se quemque suo modulo ac pede verum est. 
 
 72. ? cenamst. 96. simul. 98. ? verumst. 
 
 att. 
 
 S. 2. 
 
 6.82. 
 
 Gen 
 
 .E.2 
 
 .1.144; 
 2. 187. 
 
 mat 
 
 . E. 1 
 
 . 1.8. 
 
 ver. 
 
 S. 2. 
 
 3. 31^. 
 
212 Q. UORATl FLJCCl 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere Albinovano 
 
 Musa rogata refer, comiti scribseque Neronis. 
 ag. e. i. 3. 15. Si quseret, quid agam, dic multa et pulcbra minantcm 
 gra. c. 3. i. 29. Vivere nec recte nec suaviter ; haud quia grando 
 mom. s. 2. c. 45.- Contuderit vites oleamque momorderit aestus, 5 
 
 Nec quia longinquis armentum segrotet in agris ; 
 
 Sed quia mente minus validus quam corpore toto 
 aud. e. 1. 1. 48. Nil audire velim, nil discere, quod levet segrum ; 
 
 Fidis offendar medicis, irascar amicis, 
 cur, e. i. 33. 3. Cur me funesto properent arcere veterno ; 10 
 
 Quae nocuere sequar, fugiam quse profore credam ; 
 
 Romse Tibur amem ventosus, Tibure Romam. 
 
 Post hsec, ut valeat, quo pacto rem gerat et se, 
 coh. e. i. 3. e. Ut placeat juveni percontare utque coborti. 
 
 Si dicet, Recte, primum gaudere, subinde 15 
 
 Prseceptum auriculis hoc instillare memento : 
 
 TJt tu fortunain, sic nos te, Celse, feremus. 
 
 IX. 
 
 Septimius, Claudi, nimirum intellegit unus, 
 Quanti me facias ; nam cum rogat et prece cogit, 
 tra. s. l 9. 47. Scilicet ut tibi se laudare et tradere coner, 
 
 E. 1. 18. 78. 3 
 
 Dignum mente domoque legentis bonesta Neronis, 
 Munere cum fungi propioris censet amici, 5 
 
 Quid possim videt ac novit me valdius ipso. 
 Multa quidem dixi, cur excusatus abirem ; 
 Sed timui, mea ne finxisse minora putarer, 
 Dissimulator opis proprise, mihi commodus uni. 
 Sic ego majoris fugiens opprobria culpse 10 
 
 Frontis ad urbanse descendi prsemia. Quod si 
 P nd. e. 2. i. 80. Depositum laudas ob amici jussa pudorem, 
 hoH. c. i. 1. 29, Scribe tui gregis hunc et fortem crede bonumque. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. x. 213 
 
 X. 
 
 Urbis amatorem Fuscum salvere jubemus Fus ' s.' i.' l%i. 
 
 Ruris amatores, hac in re scilicet una 
 
 Multum dissimiles, at cetera pame gemelli gem. s. 2. 3. 241. 
 
 Frateruis animis ; quidquid negat alter, et alter ; 
 5 Annuimus pariter vetuli notique columbi. 
 
 Tu nidum servas : ego laudo ruris amoeni md. c. 3. ±. 11. 
 
 Rivos et musco circumlita saxa nemusque. 
 
 Quid quseris ? Vivo et regno, simul ista reliqui, 
 
 Quae vos ad cselum fertis rumore secundo : 
 10 Utque sacerdotis fugitivus liba recuso ; 
 
 Pane egeo jam mellitis potiore placentis. 
 
 Yivere naturee si convenienter oportet, 
 
 Ponendaeque domo qusereDda est area primum, 
 
 Novistine locum potiorem rure beato ? 
 15 Est ubi plus tepeant hiemes, ubi gratior aura . tep. c. 2. e. 17. 
 
 Leniat et rabiem Canis et momenta Leonis, Leo. c. 3. 29. 18. 
 
 Cum semel accepit Solem furibundus acutum ? 
 
 Est ubi divellat somnos minus invida cura ? 
 
 Deterius Libycis olet aut nitet herba lapillis ? 
 20 Purior in vicis aqua tendit rumpere plumbum, 
 
 Quam quae per pronum trepidat cum murmure t re. c. 2. 3. 12. 
 rivum ? 
 
 Nempe inter varias nutritur silva columnas 32 . c. 3. 10. 6. 
 
 Laudaturque domus^ longos quae prospicit agros. 
 
 Naturam expellas furca, tamen usque recurret, 
 25 Et mala perrumpet furtim fastidia victrix. 
 
 Non, qui Sidonio contendere callidus ostro 
 
 Nescit Aquinatem potantia vellera fucum, fitc. c. 3. 5. 28. 
 
 Certius accipiet damnum propiusve medullis, 
 
 Quam qui non poterit vero distinguere falsum. 
 30 Quem res plus nimio delectavere secundae, mm. c. 1.1&15; 
 
 Mutatse quatient. Si quid mirabere, pones 
 
 3. ad. 9. effertis. 13. ? quaerendast. 18. depellat. 
 
 24. expelles. 
 
211 Q. EORATl FLACCI 
 
 Invitus. Fugc magna ; licet sub paupcrc tccto 
 '• 7. 8. Regcs et regum vita prsecurrere amicos. 
 
 Cervus equum pugna melior communibus licrbis 
 Pellebat, donec miuor in certamine longo 35 
 
 Imploravit opes hominis frenumque reccpit ; 
 Sed postquam victor violens discessit ab hoste, 
 Non equitem dorso, non frenum depulit ore. 
 Sic, qui pauperiem veritus potiore metallis 
 Libertate caret, dominum vebit improbus atque 40 
 
 Serviet seternum, quia parvo nesciet uti. 
 Cui non conveniet sua res, ut calceus olim, 
 Si pede major erit, subvertet ; si minor, uret. 
 Lsetus sorte tua vives sapienter, Aristi, 
 Nec me dimittes incastigatum, ubi plura 45 
 
 Cogere quam satis est ac non cessare videbor. 
 47. e. i. 2. 02. Imperat aut servit collecta pecunia cuique, 
 
 Tortum digna sequi potius quam ducere funem. 
 Haec tibi dictabam post fanum putre Vacunse, 
 Excepto, quod non simul esses, cetera lsetus. 50 
 
 XI. 
 
 Quid tibi visa Chios, Bullati, notaque Lesbos, 
 Quid concinna Samos, quid Crcesi regia, Sardis, 
 Smyrna quid et Colophon ? Majora minorave fama, 
 Cunctane prse Campo et Tiberiuo flumine sordent ? 
 An venit in votum Attalicis ex urbibus una, 5 
 
 ma.vi.c. 2. 6. 7. An Lebedum laudas odio maris atque viarum? 
 Scis, Lebedus quid sit ; Gabiis desertior atque 
 Eidenis vicus ; tamen illic vivere vellem 
 Oblitusque meorum obliviscendus et illis 
 Neptunum procul e terra spectare furentem. 10 
 
 Sed nequc, qui Capua Romam petit imbre lutoque 
 
 40. vehet 3. minorane. 
 
EPISTOLARUH LIB. I. xii. 215 
 
 Adspersus volet in canpona vivere ; nec, qui 
 
 Frigus ccllegit, furnos et balnea laudat 
 
 Ut fortunatam plene preestantia vitam. 
 15 NeCj si te validus jactaverit Auster in alto, Am. s. 1. 1. e. 
 
 Idcirco navem trans iEg&eum mare vendas. 
 
 Incolumi Rhodos et Mytilene pulchra facit, quod *i* c. 1. 7. i. 
 
 Peenula solstitio, campestre nivalibus auris, 
 
 Per brumam Tiberis, Sextili mense caminus. 
 20 Dum licet ac voltum servat Fortuna benignum, 
 
 Iiomae laudetur Samos et Chios et Rhodos absens. 
 
 Tu, quamcumque deus tibi fortunaverit horam, 
 
 Grata sume manu, neu dulcia differ in annum, 23> c - 3 -.,f/ %'' 
 
 Ut, quocumque loco fueris, vixisse libenter S- 2- 6 ' d6 ' 
 
 25 Te dicas ; nam si ratio et prudentia curas 
 
 Non locus effusi late maris arbiter aufert, 
 
 Caelum non animum mutantj qui trans mare currunt. 
 
 Strenua nos exercet inertia ; navibus atque 
 
 Quadrigis petimus bene vivere. Quod petis, hic est, 
 30 Est Ulubris, animus si te non deficit sequus. 
 
 XII. 
 
 Fructibus Agrippae Siculis, quos colligis, Icci, 
 Si recte frueris, non est, ut copia major 2. c. 3. 10. 25. 
 
 Ab Jove donari possit tibi. Tolle querellas ; j ov . c. 1. 2s. 28. 
 
 Pauper enim non est, cui rerum suppetit usus. US u. c. 2. 11. 1. 
 
 5 Si ventri bene, si lateri est pedibusque tuis, nil 
 Divitise poterunt regales addere majus. 
 Si forte in medio positorum abstemius herbis 
 Vivis et urtica, sic vives protinus, ut te 
 
 Confestim liquidus Fortunae rivus inauret, 9. e p . 15. 20. 
 
 10 Vel quia naturam mutare pecunia nescit, 
 Vel quia cuncta putas una virtute minora. 
 
 20. vnltum. 5. ? laterist. 
 
216 Q. JIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Miramur, si Dcmocriti pccus edit agellos 
 Cultaque, dum peregre est animus sine corpore velox ; 
 Cum tu intcr scabiem tantam et contagia lucri 
 Nil parvum sapias et adhuc sublimia cures : 15 
 
 Quae mare compescant causae, quid temperet annum, 
 Stellae sponte sua, jusssene vagentur et errent, 
 Quid premat obscurum lunse, quid proferat orbem, 
 Quid velit et possit rerum concordia discors, 
 ste. s. 2. 3. 33. Empedocles, an Stertinium deliret acumen. 20 
 
 Verum, seu pisces seu porrum et caepe trucidas, 
 H Gro\ Vio 2 " Utere Pompeio Grospho et, si quid petet, ultro 
 de/. c. 2. 2. 22. Defer ; nil Grosphus nisi verum orabit et sequum. 
 Vilis amicorum est annona, bonis ubi quid deest. 
 Ne tamen ignores, quo sit Romana loco res : 25 
 
 Can. c. 2. 6. 2. Cantaber Agrippse, Claudi virtute Neronis 
 phr. c. 2. 2. 17. Armenius cecidit ; jus imperiumque Phraates 
 Csesaris accepit genibus minor ; aurea fruges 
 a 9 . c. 1. 17. 16. Italiae pleno defundit Copia cornu. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 Ut proficiscentem docui te ssepe diuque, 
 Augusto reddes signata volumina, Vini, 
 
 3 . s. 2. i 18. Si validus, si lsetus erit, si denique poscet ; 
 Ne studio nostri pecces odiumque libellis 
 Sedulus importes opera vehemente minister. 5 
 
 Si te forte mese gravis uret sarcina ehartse, 
 Abicito potius, quam quo perferre juberis 
 Clitellas ferus impingas Asinseque paternum 
 
 /ab. Ep.i. 1. 8. Cognomen vertas in risum et fabula fias. 
 
 Viribus uteris per clivos, flumina, lamas ; 10 
 
 Victor propositi simul ac perveneris illuc, 
 Sic positum servabis onus, ne forte sub ala 
 
 13. ? peregrest. 24. ? arnicorumst. 29. defudit. 7. abjicito. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. xiv. 217 
 
 Fasciculum portes librorum, ut rusticus agnum, 
 Ut vinosa glomus furtivse Pyrrhia lanse, 
 15 Ut cum pileolo soleas conviva tribulis. 
 Ne volgo narres te sudavisse ferendo 
 Carmina, quse possint oculos auresque morari 
 Csesaris ; oratus multa prece, nitere porro. 
 Vade, vale ; cave ne titubes mandataque frangas. 
 
 XIV. 
 
 Vilice silvarum et mihi me reddentis agelli, 
 
 Quem tu fastidis habitatum quinque focis et 
 
 Quinque bonos solitum Variam dimittere patres, 
 
 Certemus, spinas animone ego fortius, an tu m- E - 2 2 212 « 
 
 ' r ... J° r - E - l - 6 - 30 - 
 
 5 Evellas agro et melior sit Horatius an res. 
 
 Me quamvis Lamise pietas et cura moratur Lam - c - x - ?*■ 
 
 Fratrem maerentis, rapto de fratre dolentis 
 
 Insolabiliter, tamen istuc mens animusque 
 
 Fert et amat spatiis obstantia rumpere claustra. 9 . s. s. i. i. 114. 
 
 10 Kure ego viventem, tu dicis in urbe beatum ; 
 
 Cui placet alterius, sua nimirum est odio sors. 
 
 Stultus uterque locum immeritum causatur inique ; 
 
 In culpa est animus, qui se non effugit unquam. 
 
 Tu mediastinus tacita prece rura petebas, 
 1 5 Nunc urbem et ludos et balnea vilicus optas ; 
 
 Me constare mihi scis et discedere tristem, 
 
 Quandocumque trahunt invisa negotia Eomam. tra. s. 1. 1. 11. 
 
 Non eadem miramur ; eo disconvenit inter 
 
 Meque et te : nam, quae deserta et inhospita tesca 
 20 Credis, amoena vocat, mecum qui sentit, et odit 
 
 Quse tu pulchra putas. Fornix tibi et uncta popina 
 
 Incutiunt urbis desiderium, video, et quod 
 
 Angulus iste feret piper et thus ocius uva, 
 
 11. ? nimirumst : est om. al. 13. ? culpast. 19. qua. 21. vocas. 
 23. tns. 
 
318 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Nec vicina subcst vinum pr&bere taberna 
 
 Quae possit tibi, nec meretrix tibicina, eujus 25 
 
 *ai. c. s. 18. 13. Ad strepitum salias terrae gravis : et tamen urges 
 Jampridcm non tacta ligonibus arva bovemque 
 Disjunctum curas et strictis frondibus exples : 
 Addit opus pigro rivus, si decidit imber, 
 Multa mole docendus aprico parcere prato. 30 
 
 Nunc age, quid nostrum concentum dividat, audi. 
 Quem tenues decuere togse nitidique capilli, 
 
 dn. c. i. i. 4. Quem scis immunem Cinarse placuisse rapaci, 
 Quem bibulum liquidi media de luce Falerni, 
 Cena brevis juvat et prope rivum somnus in lierba ; 35 
 
 3 6. e. 2. 2. 142. Nec lusisse pudet, sed non incidere ludum. 
 
 Non istic obliquo oculo mea commoda quisquam 
 Limat, non odio obscuro morsuque venenat ; 
 
 39. e. 1. 7. 83. Rident vicini glebas et saxa moventem. 
 
 Cum servis urbana diaria rodere mavis ; 40 
 
 Horum tu in numerum voto ruis. Invidet usum 
 Lignorum et pecoris tibi calo argutus et horti. 
 Optat epbippia bos piger optat arare cab;;llus ; 
 Quam scit uterque, libens, censebo, exerceat artem. 
 
 XV. 
 
 Qu^e sit hiemps Velise, quod cselum, Vala, Salerni, 
 Quorum hominum regio et qualis via ; (nam mihi Baias 
 Musa supervacuas Antonius, et tamen illis 
 Me facit invisum, gelida cum perluor unda 
 Per medium frigus. Sane murteta relinqui 5 
 
 Dictaque cessantem nervis elidere morbum 
 Sulphura contemni vicus gemit_, invidus segris, 
 cap. e. 1. 16. u. q u | ca p U t et stomachum supponere fontibus audent 
 ClusimSj Gabiosque petunt et frigida rura. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. xv. 219 
 
 10 Mutandus locus est et deversoria nota 
 
 Praeteragendus equus. Quotendis? NonmihiCumas 
 
 Est iter aut Baias, lseva stomachosus habena 
 
 Dicet eques ; sed equi frenato est auris in ore.) 
 
 Major utrum populum frumenti copia pascat, 
 15 Collectosne bibant imbres puteosne perennes 
 
 Jugis aquse ; (nam vina nihil moror illius orse : 
 
 Rure meo possum quidvis perferre patique ; pe.pa. E.i.ie.74. 
 
 Ad mare cum veni, generosum et lene requiro, 
 
 Quod curas abigat, quod cum spe divite manet 
 20 In venas animumque meum, quod verba ministret, 
 
 Quod me Lucanae juvenem commendet amicae ;) 
 
 Tractus uter plure lepores, uter educet apros, ap r. s. 2. 8. 6. 
 
 Utra magis pisces et echinos sequora celent, e ck. e p . 5. 27. 
 
 Pinguis ut inde domum possim Phseaxque reverti, Ph<e.'£ 1.2. 28. 
 25 Scribere te nobis, tibi nos accredere par est. 
 
 Msenius, ut rebus maternis atque paternis 
 
 Fortiter absumptis urbanus ccepit haberi, 
 
 Scurra vagus, non qui certum prsesepe teneret, *c«. s. 2. 7. 15. 
 
 . . cer. E. 1. 7. 75. 
 
 Impransus non qui civem dmosceret noste, 
 30 Quselibet in quemvis opprobria fingere saevus, 
 
 Pernicies et tempestas barathrumque macelli, 
 
 Quidquid qusesierat, ventri donabat avaro. 
 
 Hic, ubi nequitiae fautoribus et timidis nil 
 
 Aut paulum abstulerat, patinas cenabat omasi, 
 35 Vilis et agninse, tribus ursis quod satis esset ; 
 
 Scilicet ut ventres lamna candente nepotum 
 
 Diceret urendos, corrector Bestius. Idem 
 
 Quidquid erat nactus prsedae majoris, ubi omne 
 
 Yeterat in fumum et cinerem, Non hercule miror, 
 40 Aiebat, si qui comedunt bona, cum sit obeso C om. s. 1. 2. s. 
 
 Nil melius turdo, nil volva pulchrius ampla. 
 
 Nimirum hic ego sum ; nam tuta et parvula laudo, 
 
 Cum res deficiunt, satis inter vilia fortis ; 
 
 10. diversoria. 13. equis ; ? frenatost. 29. dignosceret. 
 
 37. correctus. 41. vulva. 
 
220 Q. IIORATI FIJCCI 
 
 Verum, ubi quid mclius contigit et unctius, idem 
 
 Vos sapere et solos aio bene vivere, quorum 45 
 
 Conspicitur nitidis fundata pecunia villis. 
 
 XVI. 
 
 Ne perconteris, fundus meus, optime Quincti, 
 Arvo pascat erum an bacis opulentet olivae, 
 Pomisne et pratis, an amicta vitibus ulrno, 
 Scribetur tibi forma loquaciter et situs agri. 
 Continui montes, ni dissocientur opaca 5 
 
 Valle, sed ut veniens dextrum latus adspiciat Sol, 
 Lsevum discedens curru fugiente vaporet. 
 Temperiem laudes. Quid, si rubicunda benigni 
 Corna vepres et pruna ferant ? si quercus et ilex 
 Multa fruge pecus, muita dominum juvet umbra ? 10 
 Dicas adductum propius frondere Tarentum. 
 i2. c. 3. 13. Fons etiam rivo dare nomen idoneus, ut nec 
 i 3 . e. 1. 3. 3. Frigidior Thracam nec purior ambiat Hebrus, 
 Infirmo capiti fluit utilis, utilis alvo. 
 Hse latebrae dulces, etiam, si credis, amcense, 15 
 
 16. c. 3. 23. 8. Incolumem tibi me prsestant Septembribus horis. 
 
 S. 2. 6. 19. ... 
 
 tec e. 1. s. 4. Tu recte vivis, si curas esse quod audis. 
 
 <nul E. 1. 7. 38. . . 
 
 Jactamus jampndem omnis te Koma beatum; 
 Sed vereor, ne cui de te plus quam tibi credas, 
 aii. e. 2. 1. 240. Neve putes alium sapiente bonoque beatum, 20 
 
 Neu, si te populus sanum recteque valentem 
 Dictitet, occultam febrem sub tempus edendi 
 Dissimules, donec manibus tremor incidat unctis. 
 Stultorum incurata pudor malus ulcera celat. 
 Si quis bella tibi terra pugnata marique 25 
 
 Dicat, et his verbis vacuas permulceat aures : 
 Tene magis salvum populus velit, an populura tu, 
 
 2. hernm. 3. an pratis. 8. benigne, benignee. 
 
 9. fernnt. 10. juvat. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. L xvi. 221 
 
 Servet in ambiguo, qui consulit et tibi et urbi, 
 
 Juppiter ; Augusti laudes agnoscere possis : 
 30 Cum pateris sapiens emendatusque vocari, 
 
 Respondesne tuo, dic sodes, nomine ? Nempe 
 
 Vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu. 
 
 Qui dedit hoc hodie, cras, si volet, auferet, ut si 
 
 Detulerit fasces indigno, detrahet idem, 34 . c. 3. 2. 19. 
 
 35 Pone, meum est ; inquit. Pono tristisque recedo. 
 
 Idem si clamet furem, neget esse pudicum, 
 
 Contendat laqueo collum pressisse paternum ; 
 
 Mordear opprobriis falsis mutemque colores ? 
 
 Falsus honor juvat et mendax infamia terret 
 40 Quem nisi mendosum et medicandum ? Vir bonus 
 est quis ? 
 
 Qui consulta patrum, qui leges juraque servat, 
 
 Quo multse magnseque secantur judice lites, *«?. s. 1. 10. 15. 
 
 Quo res sponsore et quo causse teste tenentur. 
 
 Sed videt hunc omnis domus et vicinia tota 
 45 Introrsum turpem, speciosum pelle decora. pei. s. 2. 1. 64. 
 
 Nec furtum feci nec fugi, si mihi dicat 
 
 Servus, Habes pretium, loris non ureris, aio. ure. e p . 4. 3. 
 
 Non hominem occidi. Non pasces in cruce corvos. cru. s. 1. 3. 82. 
 
 Sum bonus et frugi. Renuit negitatque Sabellus : ^b. C.W38. 
 50 Cautus enim metuit foveam lupus, accipiterque 
 
 Suspectos laqueos, et opertum miluus hamum. 
 
 Oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore ; 
 
 Tu nihil admittes in te formidine poense : 
 
 Sit spes fallendi, miscebis sacra profanis ; 
 55 Nam de mille fabee modiis cum surripis unum ; 
 
 Damnum est, non facinus, mihi pacto lenius isto. 
 
 Vir bonus, omne forum quem spectat et omne tri- 
 bunal, 
 
 Quandocumque deos vel porco vel bove placat, 
 
 Jane pater, clare, clare cum dixit, Apollo, pa t. s. 2. 6. 20. 
 
 35. ? meumst ; est om. oX. 56. ? damnumst ; est om. al. 
 
222 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Labra movet raetucns audiri : Pulchra Laverna, GO 
 Da mihi fallere, da justo sanctoque videri, 
 Noctem peccatis et fraudibus obice nubem ! 
 
 63. s. 2. 7. 83. Qui melior servo, qui liberior sit avarus, 
 In triviis fixum cum se demittit ob assem, 
 
 cu.me.E.i.2.6i. Non videoj nam qui cupiet, metuet quoque ; porro, G5 
 Qui metuens vivet, liber mihi non erit umquam. 
 Perdidit arma ; locum virtutis deseruit, qui 
 Semper in augenda festinat et obruitur re. 
 Vendere cum possis captivum, occidere noli ; 
 Serviet utiliter : sine pascat durus aretque, 70 
 
 mer. s. 1. 1. 6. Naviget ac mediis hiemet mercator in undis ; 
 Annonae prosit ; portet frumenta penusque. 
 Vir bonus et sapiens audebit dicere : Pentheu, 
 
 pe.pa.-E.i.io.iv. Rector Thebarum, quid me perferre patique 
 
 Indignum coges ? Adimam bona. Nempe pecus, rem, 75 
 Lectos, argentum : tollas licet. In manicis et 
 Compedibus saevo te sub custode tenebo. 
 Ipse deus, simul atque volam, me solvet. Opinor, 
 Hoc sentit : Moriar ; mors ultima linea rerum est. 
 
 XVII. 
 
 Quamvis, Scseva, satis per te tibi consulis et scis, 
 maj. s. 2. i. oi. Quo tandem pacto deceat majoribus uti, 
 
 Disce, docendus adhuc quse censet amiculus, ut si 
 Ca^cus iter monstrare velit ; tamen adspice, si quid 
 Et nos, quod cures proprium fecisse, loquamur. 5 
 
 Si te grata quies et primam somnus in horam 
 Delectat, si te pulvis strepitusque rotarum, 
 Si lsedit caupona, Ferentinum ire jubebo ; 
 Nam neque divitibus contingunt gaudia solis, 
 io. e. i. 13. io3. Nec vixit male, qui natus moriensque fefellit. 10 
 
 61. justum sauctumque, (op. S. 1. 4. 39.) 62. objice. 
 71). ? rerumst: est om. ah 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. xvii. 223 
 
 Si prodesse tuis pauloque benignius ipsum 
 
 Te tractare voles, accedes siccus ad unctuni. 
 
 Si pranderet olus patienter, regibus uti 
 
 Nollet Aristippus. Si sciret regibus uti 
 15 Fastidiret olus_, qui me notat. Utrius horum oi. e. i. 5. 2. 
 
 Verba probes et facta, doce, vel junior audi, 
 
 Cur sit Aristippi potior sententia ; namque 
 
 Mordacem Cynicum sic eludebat, ut aiunt : 
 
 Scurror ego ipse mihi, populo tu ; rectius hoc et koc, s. 2. 2. 36, 
 20 Splendidius multo est. Equus ut me portet, alat rex, 
 
 Officium facio : tu poscis vilia rerum, 
 
 Dante minor, quamvis fers te nullius egentem. 
 
 Ornnis Aristippum decuit color et status et res, coi. s. 2. 1. eo. 
 
 Temptantem majora fere praesentibus sequum. 
 25 Contra, quem duplici panno patientia velat, 
 
 Mirabor, vitse via si conversa decebit. m \r. a. p. 421. 
 
 Alter purpureum non expectabit amictum, 
 
 Quidlibet indutus celeberrima per loca vadet, 
 
 Personamque feret non inconcinnus utramque ; 
 30 Alter Mileti textam cane pejus et angui 
 
 Vitabit chlamydem, morietur frigore, si nou 
 
 Rettuleris pannum. Refer et sine vivat ineptus. 
 
 Res gerere et captos ostendere civibus hostes 
 
 Attingit solium Jovis et cselestia temptat : 
 35 Principibus placuisse viris non uitima laus est. $$■ |- \ \^\ 3 
 
 Non cuivis homini contingit adire Corinthum. 
 
 Sedit, qui timuit, ne non succederet. Esto ! 
 
 Quid_, qui pervenit, fecitne viriliter ? Atqui 
 
 Hic est aut nusquam, quod quserimus. Hic onus 
 horret, 
 40 Ut parvis animis et parvo corpore majus : 
 
 Hic subit et perfert. Aut virtus nomen inane est, 
 
 Aut decus et pretium recte petit experiens vir. 
 
 Coram rege suo de paupertate tacentes reg. e. 1. 7. 37. 
 
 13. holus. 20. ? multost ; est om. al. 33. hostis. 34. tentat. 
 41. ? inanest. 
 
 R2 
 
224 Q. IIORATI FLJCCI 
 
 Plus poscente ferent j distat, sumasne pudentcr, 
 An rapias. Atqui rerum caput hoc erat, hic fons. 45 
 Indotata mihi soror est, paupercula mater, 
 Et fundus nec vendibilis nec pascere firmus, 
 Qui dicit, clamat : Victum date. Succinit alter : 
 Et mihi dividuo findetur munere quadra. 
 Sed tacitus pasci si posset corvus, haberet 50 
 
 Plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque. 
 53. s. 1.5. Brundisium comcs aut Surrentum ductus amcenum, 
 
 2. 6. 42. ' 
 
 Qui queritur salebras et acerbum frigus et imbres, 
 Aut cistam efrractam et subducta viatica plorat, 
 Nota refert meretricis acumina, saepe catellam, 55 
 
 Ssepe periscelidem raptam sibi flentis, uti mox 
 ver. c. i. 37. 15. Nulla fides damnis verisque doloribus adsit. 
 Nec semel irrisus triviis attollere curat 
 Fracto crure planum, licet illi plurima manet 
 Lacrima, per sanctum juratus dicat Osirim : 60 
 
 Credite, non ludo ; crudeles, tollite claudum. 
 Qusere peregrinum, vicinia rauca reclamat. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 St bene te novi, metues, liberrime Lolli, 
 scu. e. 1. 17. 19. Scurrantis speciem prsebere, professus amicum. 
 
 Ut matrona meretrici dispar erit atque 
 
 Discolor, infido scurrae distabit amicus. 
 
 Est huic diversum vitio vitium prope majus, 5 
 
 inc. s. i. 3. 50. Asperitas agrestis et inconcinna gravisque, 
 
 Quae se commendat tonsa cute, dentibus atris, 
 
 Dum vult libertas dici mera veraque virtus. 
 
 Virtus est medium vitiorum et utrimque reductum. 
 imi, s. i. 4. 87. Alter in obsequium plus sequo pronus et imi 10 
 
 der. a. p. 433. Derisor lecti sic nutum divitis horret, 
 
 Sic iterat voces et verba cadentia tollit, 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. xviii. 225 
 
 Ut puerum ssevo credas dictata magistro ** e. i. 1. 55. 
 
 Reddere vel partes mimum tractare secundas. 
 15 Alter rixatur de lana ssepe caprina, 
 
 Propugnat nugis armatus : Scilicet, ut non 
 
 Sit mihi prima fides et vere quod placet ut non 
 
 Acriter elatrem ? Pretium setas altera sordet. 
 
 Ambigitur quid enim ? Castor sciat an Dolichos plus ; 
 20 Brundisium Minuci melius via ducat an Appi. 
 
 Quem damnosa Venus, quem prseceps alea nudat, aie. c. 3. 24. 58. 
 
 Gloria quem supra vires et vestit et ungit, 22. c. 1. is. 15. 
 
 Quem tenet argenti sitis importuna famesque, i mp . c. 3. ie. 37. 
 
 Quem paupertatis pudor et fuga, dives amicus, 24. c. 3. 24. 42. 
 
 25 Saepe decem vitiis instructior, odit et horret, 
 
 Autj si non odit, regit ac veluti pia mater 
 
 Plus quam se sapere et virtutibus esse priorem 
 
 Volt, et ait prope vera : Meae, contendere noli, con. s. 2. 3. 313. 
 
 Stultitiam patiuntur opes ; tibi parvula res est : 
 30 Arta decet sanum comitem toga ; desine mecum 
 
 Certare. Eutrapelus, cuicumque nocere volebat, 
 
 Vestimenta dabat pretiosa : beatus enim jam 
 
 Cum pulchris tunicis sumet nova consilia et spes, 
 
 Dormiet in lucem, scorto postponet honestum 
 35 Officium, nummos alienos pascet, ad imum 
 
 Thrax erit aut olitoris aget mercede caballum. m-. s. 2. 6. u. 
 
 Arcanum neque tu scrutaberis illius unquam, 
 
 Commissumque teges et vino tortus et ira ; tor. a. p. 435. 
 
 Nec tua laudabis studia aut aliena reprendes, 
 40 Nec, cum venari volet ille_, poemata panges. 
 
 Gratia sic fratrum geminorum, Amphionis atque 
 
 Zethr, dissiluit, donec suspecta severo 
 
 Conticuit lyra. Fraternis cessisse putatur 
 
 Moribus Amphion : tu cede potentis amici 
 45 Lenibus imperiis, quotiensque educet in agros 
 
 iEtolis onerata plagis jumenta canesque, &to. e. 1. e. 58. 
 
 35. nuuios. 45. quoties. 
 
226 Q. EORATl FLACCl 
 
 Surge et inhumanse seniura deponc Camense, 
 48. s. ■>. 2. 20. Cenes ut pariter pulmenta laboribus erapta j 
 Pomanis sollemne viris opus, utile famae 
 Vitseque et membris, praesertim cum valeas ct 60 
 
 Vel cursu superare canem vel viribus aprura 
 Possis. Adde, virilia quod speciosius arma 
 Non est qui tractet : scis, quo clamore coronse 
 Prcelia sustineas campestria ; denique ssevam 
 Can ' °" I" 8' t> Militiam puer et Cantabrica bella tulisti 55 
 
 Par.E.i.12.26. g^ <ju Ce ^ q U j templis Parthorum signa refigit 
 Nunc et, si quid abest, Italis adjudicat armis. 
 Ac, ne te retrahas et inexcusabilis absis, 
 n. et m.Exi.iu. Quamvis nil extra numerum fecisse modumque 
 nug. s. 2. i. 73. Curas : interdum nugaris rure paterno ; GO 
 
 Partitur lintres exercitus ; Actia pugna 
 Te duce per pueros hostili more refertur ; 
 Adversarius est frater,, lacus Hadria, donec 
 Alterutrum velox Victoria fronde coronet. 
 Consentire suis studiis qui crediderit te, 65 
 
 Fautor utroque tuum laudabit pollice ludum. 
 Protinus ut moneam, si quid monitoris eges tu, 
 Quid de quoque viro et cui dicas, ssepe videto. 
 Percontatorem fugito, nam garrulus idem est, 
 com. s. i. 4. 84. Nec retinent patulse commissa fideliter aures, 70 
 
 irr. a. p. 390. Et semel emissum volat irrevocabile verbum. 
 Non ancilla tuum jecur ulceret ulla puerve 
 Intra marmoreum venerandi limen amici, 
 Ne dominus pueri pulchri carseve puellae 
 Munere te parvo beet aut incommodus angat. 75 
 
 Qualem commendes, etiam atque etiam adspice, ne mox 
 Incutiant aliena tibi peccata pudorem. 
 tra. e. i. 9. 3. Fallimur et quondam non dignum tradimus : ergo 
 Quem sua culpa premet, deceptus omitte tueri, 
 Ut penitus notum, si temptent crimina, serves 80 
 
 58. abstes, Bent. 69. ? idemst. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. xviii. 227 
 
 Tuterisque tuo fidentem praesidio ; qui 
 
 Dente Theonino cum circumroditur, ecquid cir - s - L 4 - 81 - 
 
 Ad te post paulo ventura pericula sentis ? 
 
 Nam tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet, 
 85 Et neglecta solent incendia sumere vires, 
 
 Dulcis inexpertis cultura potentis amici : 
 
 Expertus metuit. Tu, dum tua navis in alto est, 
 
 Hoc age_, ne mutata retrorsum te ferat aura. toca.s. 2. 3.152. 
 
 Oderunt hilarem tristes tristemque jocosi, 
 90 Sedatum celeres, agilem navumque remissi ; 
 
 [Potores bibuli media de nocte Falerni] 
 
 Oderunt porrecta negantem pocula, quamvis 
 
 Nocturnos jures te formidare vapores. 
 
 Deme supercilio nubem ; plerumque modestus 
 95 Occupat obscuri speciem, taciturnus acerbi. 
 
 Inter cuncta leges et percontabere doctos, 
 
 Qua ratione queas traducere leniter sevum ; 
 
 Num te semper inops agitet vexetque cupido, »»0. c. 3. 16. 23. 
 
 Num pavor et rerum mediocriter utilium spes ; 
 100 Virtutem doctrina paret, naturane donet ; 
 
 Quid minuat curas, quid te tibi reddat amicum ; 
 
 Quid pure tranquillet, lionos an dulce lucellum, i uc . s. 2. 5. 82. 
 
 An secretum iter et fallentis semita vitse. 
 
 Me quotiens reficit gelidus Digentia rivus, re/. e. 1. 14. 1. 
 
 105 Quem Mandela bibit, rugosus frigore pagus, 
 
 Quid sentire putas ? quid credis, amice^ precari ? 
 
 Sit nrihi, quod nunc est, etiam minus : et mihi vivam 
 
 Quod superest sevi, si quid superesse volunt di ; 
 
 Sit bona librorum et provisae frugis in annum m,. s. 2. e. ei. 
 
 110 Copia, neu fluitem dubise spe pendulus horae. ^ M s 2 . 3. 269. 
 
 Sed satis est orare Jovem quse donat et aufert ; 
 
 Det vitam, det opes, sequum mi animum ipse parabo. <e q u. c. 2. 3. 1. 
 
 87. ? altost. 93. tepores. 98, 99. ne...ne; non,..non. 
 104. quoties. 
 
 «, 
 
Cra 
 
 S 
 
 1 
 
 4. 1. 
 
 xan. 
 
 A. 
 
 s. 
 
 p 
 
 2. 
 
 29fi. 
 3. 322. 
 
 ads. 
 
 C. 
 E 
 
 2. 
 2 
 
 19. 4. 
 
 2.78. 
 
 Enn 
 
 .C 
 
 ■1 
 
 8.20. 
 
 Put 
 
 S. 
 
 2. 
 
 6.35. 
 
 cer. 
 
 0. 
 
 4. 
 
 1.31. 
 
 228 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 XIX. 
 
 Prisco si credis, Maecenas docte, Cratino, 
 Nulla placere diu nec vivere carmina possunt, 
 Quse scribuntur aquse potoribus. Ut male sanos 
 Adscripsit Liber Satyris Faunisque poetas, 
 Vina fere dulces oluerunt mane Camenae. 5 
 
 Laudibus arguitur vini vinosus Homerus ; 
 Ennius ipse pater numquam nisi potus ad arma 
 Prosiluit dicenda. Forum Putealque Libonis 
 Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis : 
 Hoc simul edixi, non cessavere poetae 10 
 
 Nocturno certare mero, putere diurno. 
 Quid, si quis vultu torvo ferus et pede nudo 
 Exiguseque togse simulet textore Catonem, 
 Virtutemne repraesentet moresque Catonis ? 
 Rupit Iarbitam Timagenis semula lingua, 15 
 
 Dum studet urbanus tenditque disertus haberi. 
 Decipit exemplar vitiis imitabile ; quod si 
 Pallerem casu, biberent exsangue cuminum. 
 O imitatores, servum pecus, ut mihi ssepe 
 Bilem, ssepe jocum vestri movere tumultus ! 20 
 
 2i. c. 3. 30. 13. Libera per vacuum posui vestigia princeps, 
 
 4 9 3 
 
 Non aliena meo pressi pede. Qui sibi fidit, 
 Dux regit examen. Parios ego primus iambos 
 Ostendi Latio, numeros animosque secutus 
 25. e p . e. 13. Archilochi, non res et agentia verba Lycamben. 25 
 
 Ac ne me foliis ideo brevioribus ornes, 
 Quod timui mutare modos et carminis artem : 
 Temperat Archilochi Musam pede mascula Sappho, 
 Temperat Alcseus, sed rebus et ordine dispar, 
 obi. e. 2. 1. 237. Nec socerum quaerit, quem versibus oblinat atris, 30 
 nec, e p . 17. 72. Nec sponsse laqueum famoso carmine nectit. 
 Hunc ego non alio dictum prius ore Latinus 
 Volgavi fidicen ; juvat immemorata ferentem 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. I. xx. 229 
 
 Ingenuis oculisque legi manibusque teneri. ing. s. 1. 10. 76. 
 
 35 Scire velis, mea cur ingratus opuscula lector 
 
 Laudet ametque domr, premat extra limen iniquus ? ex u. c. 3. 4. 10. 
 
 Non ego ventosse plebis suffragia venor *"/• E - 2 - 2 - 103 - 
 
 Impensis cenarum et tritse munere vestis ; 
 
 Non ego, nobilium scriptorum auditor et ultor, 
 40 Grammaticas ambire tribus et pulpita dignor : 
 
 Hinc illse lacrimse. Spissis indigna theatris 
 
 Scripta pudet recitare et nugis addere pondus^ 
 
 Si dixi : Eides, ait, et Jovis auribus ista 
 
 Servas ; fidis enim manare poetica mella mei. c. 4. 2. 27. 
 
 45 Te solum, tibi pulcher. Ad hsec ego naribus uti nar. s. 1. 6. 5. 
 
 Formido et, luctantis acuto ne secer ungui, 
 
 Displicet iste locus, clamo, et diludia posco. 
 
 Ludus enim genuit trepidum certamen et iram, 
 
 Ira truces inimicitias et funebre bellum. «•«, c. 1. ie. 17. 
 
 XX. 
 
 Vertumnum Janumque, liber, spectare videris, 
 Scilicet ut prostes Sosiorum pumice mundus. Sos. a. p. 345. 
 
 Odisti claves et grata sigilla pudico ; 
 Paucis ostendi gemis et communia laudas, 
 5 Non ita nutritus. Fuge, quo descendere gestis : 
 Non erit emisso reditus tibi. Quid miser egi ? 
 Quid volui ? dices, ubi quis te laeserit ; et scis 
 In breve te cogi_, cum plenus languet amator. 
 Quod si non odio peccantis desipit augur, 
 10 Carus eris Romse, donec te deserat setas ; 
 
 Contrectatus ubi manibus sordescere volgi „. s. 1. 4. 72. 
 
 Coeperis, aut tineas pasces taciturnus inertes, 
 Aut fugies Uticam aut vinctus mitteris Ilerdam. 
 Ridebit monitor non exauditus, ut ille, 
 
 7. qui. 10. deseret. 12. ? tinias...inertis. 
 
 lle. C. 2. 20. 20. 
 
230 Q. IIORATl FLJCCI EPI8T. I. xviii. 
 
 Qui male parentem in rupes protrusit asellum 15 
 
 inv. a. p. W7. Iratus : quis enim invitum servare laboret ? 
 
 IIoc quoque te manet, ut pueros elementa docentcm 
 
 Occupet extremis in vicis balba senectus. 
 
 Cum tibi sol tepidus plures admoverit aures, 
 ub. s. 1. g. 6; Me libertino natum patre et in tenui re 20 
 
 45. r 
 
 Majores pennas nido extendisse loqueris, 
 Ut, quantum generi demas, virtutibus addas : 
 
 2 3- 1- 2. i. 76. Me primis Urbis belli placuisse domique ; 
 
 exi. s. 2. 3. 309. Corporis exigui, prsecanum, solibus aptum, 
 
 Irasci celerem, tamen ut placabilis essem. 25 
 
 Forte meum si quis te percontabitur sevum, 
 Me quater undenos sciat implevisse Decembris, 
 Collegam Lepidum quo duxit Lollius anno. 
 
 27. Decembres. 
 
231 
 
 Q. HORATI FLACCI EPISTOLAE, 
 
 LIBER SECTJNDUS. 
 i. 
 
 Cum tot sustineas et tanta negotia solus, 
 
 Res Italas armis tuteris, moribus ornes, mor - c - 3 - 2L 35 - 
 
 Legibus emendes, in publica commoda peccem, 
 
 Si longo sermone morer tua tempora, Csesar. 
 5 Romulus et Liber pater et cum Castore Pollux, 
 
 Post ingentia facta deorum in templa recepti, 
 
 Dum terras hominumque colunt genus, aspera bella 
 
 Componunt, agros assignant, oppida condunt, 
 
 Ploravere suis non respondere favorem 
 10 Speratum meritis. Diram qui contudit hydram hyd. c. 1 4 n. 
 
 Notaque fatali portenta labore subegit, 
 
 Comperit invidiam supremo fine domari. I2 - c - 3 - 24 - 32 - 
 
 Urit enim fulgore suo, qui prsegravat artes 
 
 Infra se positas ; exstinctus amabitur idem. 
 15 Prsesenti tibi maturos largimur honores pea. c. 3. 5. 2. 
 
 Jurandasque tuum per nomen ponimus aras, 
 
 Nil oriturum alias, nil ortum tale fatentes. 17. c. 4. 2. 37. 
 
 Sed tuus hic populus, sapiens et justus in uno, 
 
 Te nostris ducibus, te Grais anteferendo, 
 20 Cetera nequaquam simili ratione modoque 
 
 16. numen. 
 
232 Q. UORATl TLJCCI 
 
 ^stimat et, nisi quse terris semota suisque 
 
 Temporibus defuncta videt, fastidit et odit, 
 
 Sic fautor veterum, ut tabulas peccare vetantes, 
 
 Quas bis quinque viri sanxerunt, foedera regum 
 
 Vel Gabiis vel cum rigidis aequata Sabinis, 25 
 
 Pontificum libros, annosa volumina vatum 
 
 Dictitet Albano Musas in monte locutas. 
 
 Si, quia Grsecorum sunt antiquissima quseque 
 
 Scripta vel optima, Romani pensantur eadem 
 
 tm. s. 1. 3. 72. Scriptores trutina, non est quod multa loquamur : 30 
 Nil intra est oleam, nil extra est in nuce duri ; 
 Venimus ad summum fortunae, pingimus atque 
 Psallimus et luctamur Achivis doctius unctis. 
 Si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit, 
 
 arr. c. 4. 14. 40. Scire velim, chartis pretium quotus arroget annus. 35 
 
 dec. c. 4. 7. 14. Scriptor, abhinc annos centum qui decidit, inter 
 Perfectos veteresque referri debet, an inter 
 Viles atque novos ? Excludat jurgia finis. 
 Est vetus atque probus, centum qui perficit annos. 
 Quid, qui deperiit minor uno mense vel anno, 40 
 
 Inter quos referendus erit ? veteresne poetas, 
 An quos et prsesens et postera respuat setas ? 
 Iste quidem veteres inter ponetur honeste, 
 Qui vel mense brevi vel toto est junior anno. 
 Utor permisso caudseque pilos ut equinae 45 
 
 Paulatim vello et demo unum, demo et item unum, 
 Dum cadat elusus ratione ruentis acervi, 
 Qui redit in fastos et virtutem sestimat annis 
 
 Ltb. s. 2. 6. 19. Miraturque nihil, nisi quod Libitina sacravit. 
 
 Enn. s. i.io. 54. Ennius et sapiens et fortis et alter Homerus, 50 
 
 E. 1. 19. 7. r 
 
 Ut critici dicunt, leviter curare videtur, 
 pro. a. p. 133. Quo promissa cadant et somnia Pythagorea. 
 
 Nsevius in manibus non est et mentibus hseret 
 ree. c. 3. 3o. s. Paene recens ? Adeo sanctum est vetus omne poema. 
 
 31. ? intrast...extrast. 44. ? totost. 
 
EPISTOLJRUM LIB. II i. 233 
 
 55 Ambigitur quotiens uter utro sit prior, aufert 
 
 Pacuvius docti famam senis, Accius alti, sen. s. 2. 1. 34. 
 
 Dicitur Afrani toga convenisse Menandro, 
 
 Plautus ad exemplar Siculi properare Epicharmi, 
 
 Vincere Csecilius gravitate, Terentius arte. 
 60 Hos ediscit et hos arto stipata theatro 6o - E - l - 19 - 41 - 
 
 Spectat Roma potens ; habet hos numeratque poetas 
 
 Ad nostrum tempus Livi scriptoris ab aevo. 
 
 Interdum volgus rectum videt, est ubi peccat. 
 
 Si veteres ita miratur laudatque poetas, 
 65 Ut nihil anteferat, nihil illis comparet ; errat : 
 
 Si quaedam nimis antique, si pleraque dure «*»•■ s.i. 4. 8. 
 
 Dicere credit eos_, ignave multa fatetur, 
 
 Et sapit et mecum facit et Jove judicat sequo. fac. e. 2. 2. 23. 
 
 Non equidem insector delendaque carmina Livi 
 70 Esse reor, memini quae plagosum mihi parvo 
 
 Orbilium dictare ; sed emendata videri *'* E - }■ }*■ ] 3 - 
 
 o. 1. 10. 10. 
 
 Pulchraque et exactis minimum distantia miror ; 
 
 Inter quse verbum emicuit si forte decorum et 
 
 Si versus paulo concinnior unus et alter, 
 75 Injuste totum ducit venditque poema. 
 
 Indignor quicquam reprehendi, non quia crasse 
 
 Compositum illepideve putetur, sed quia nuper ; 
 
 Nec veniam antiquis, sed honorem et prsemia posci. 
 
 Recte necne crocum floresque perambulet Attse 
 80 Fabula si dubitem, clament periisse pudorem 
 
 Cuncti pame patres, ea cum reprehendere coner, 
 
 Quse gravis iEsopus, quse doctus Roscius egit : 
 
 Vel quia nil rectuin, nisi quod placuit sibr, ducunt, 
 
 Vel quia turpe putant parere minoribus et, quse 
 85 Imberbes didicere, senes perdenda fateri. 
 
 Jam Saliare Numse carmen qui laudat et illud, 
 
 Quod mecum ignorat, solus volt scire videri, 
 
 Ingeniis non ille favet plauditque sepultis, 
 
 55. quoties. 56. Attius. 76. reprendi. 
 
334 Q. HORATI ILACCI 
 
 n.et».A. p. G3. Nostra scd impugnat, nos nostraquc lividus odit. 
 
 Quod si tam Graecis novitas invisa fiiisset 90 
 
 Quam nobis, quid nunc esset vetus ? aut quid haberet, 
 Quod legeret tereretque viritim publicus usus ? - 
 Ut primum positis nugari Grsecia bellis 
 iab. e. 1. 1. 18. Ccepit et in vitium fortuna labier aequa, 
 
 Nunc athletarum studiis, nunc arsit equorum, 95 
 
 q6. e. i. e. 17. Marmoris aut eboris fabros aut seris amavit, 
 97- s. 2. 7. 95. Suspendit picta vultum mentemque tabella, 
 Nunc tibicinibus, nunc est gavisa tragcedis ; 
 Sub nutrice puella velut si luderet infans, 
 Quod cupide petiit, mature plena reliquit. 100 
 
 Quid placet aut odio est, quod non mutabile credas ? 
 Hoc paces habuere bonse ventique secundi. 
 Romae dulce diu fuit et sollemne reclusa 
 io 4 . s. 1. 1. 10. Mane domo vigilare, clienti promere jura, 
 twm. s. 1. 2. 16. Cautos nominibus rectis expendere nummos, 105 
 
 Majores audire, minori dicere, per qua3 
 dam. e. 1. 18. 2i. Crescere res posset, minui damnosa libido. 
 cai. s. 2. 3. 80. Mutavit mentempopulus levis et calet uno 
 Scribendi studio ; pueri patresque severi 
 Fronde comas vincti cenant et carmina dictant. 110 
 Ipse ego, qui nuilos me affirmo scribere versus, 
 Invenior Parthis mendacior et prius orto 
 scr. s. 1. 1. 120. Sole vigil calamum et chartas et scrinia posco. 
 114. a. p. 379. Navim agere ignarus navis timet ; abrotonum aegro 
 
 Non audet, nisi qui didicit, dare ; quod medicorum est 
 Promittunt medici ; tractant fabrilia fabri : 116 
 
 Scribimus indocti doctique poemata passim. 
 Hic error tamen et levis haec insania quantas 
 coi. s. 2. 1. 6i. Virtutes habeat, sic collige : vatis avarus 
 
 Non temere est animus ; versus amat, hoc studet unum ; 
 Detrimenta, fugas servorum, incendia ridet ; 121 
 
 soc 3. 24. 60. Non fraudem socio puerove incogitat uEam 
 
 101. ? odiost. 114. habrotonum. 115. ? medicornmst. 
 120. ? temerest. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. II. i. 235 
 
 Pupillo ; vivit siliquis et pane secundo ; 
 
 IVIilitise quamquam piger et malus, utilis urbi_, 
 125 Si das hoo, parvis quoque rebus magna juvari. 
 
 Os tenerum pueri balbumque poeta figurat, 
 
 Torquet ab obscenis jam nunc sermonibus aurem, 
 
 Mox etiam pectus prseceptis format amicis, 128. a. p. 404. 
 
 Asperitatis et invidiae corrector et irse ; 
 130 Recte facta refert, orientia tempora notis 
 
 Instruit exemplis, inopem solatur et segrum. 
 
 Castis cum pueris ignara puella mariti 
 
 Disceret unde preces, vatem ni Musa dedisset ? 
 
 Poscit opem chorus et prsesentia numina sentit, pr<e. c. 1. 35. 2. 
 135 Cselestes implorat aquas docta prece blandus, 
 
 Avertit morbos, metuenda pericula pelHt, 
 
 Impetrat et pacem et locupletem frugibus annum. 
 
 Carmine di superi placantur, carmine Manes. 
 
 Agricolae prisci, fortes parvoque beati, 139- s. 2. 2. 105. 
 
 140 Condita post frumenta levantes tempore festo 
 
 Corpus et ipsum animum spe finis dura ferentem, 
 
 Cum sociis operum, pueris et coajuge fida, 
 
 Tellurem porco, Silvanum lacte piabant, sa. e p . 2, 22. 
 
 Floribus et vino Genium memorem brevis aevi. Gen. e. 2. 2. m. 
 145 Fescennina per hunc inventa licentia morem 
 
 Yersibus alternis opprobria rustica fudit, 
 
 Libertasque recurrentes accepta per annos 
 
 Lusit amabiliter, donec jam saevus apertam 
 
 In rabiem coepit verti jocus et per honestas 
 150 Ire domos impune minax. Doluere cruento 
 
 Dente lacessiti ; fuit intactis quoque cura *nt. s. 2. 1. 23. 
 
 Condicione super communi ; quin etiam lex lex, \\ l '4t' 
 
 Poenaque lata, malo quse nollet carmine quemquam 
 
 Describi ; vertere modum, formidine fustis 
 155 Ad bene dicendum delectandumque redacti. 
 
 Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit et artes 
 
 124. urbi est. 
 
236 Q. IWILITI VLACCl 
 
 Intulit agresti Latio ; sic horridus ille 
 Defluxit numerus Saturnius, et grave virus 
 Munditise pepulere ; sed in longum tamen sevum 
 Manserunt hodieque manent vestigia ruris. 1G0 
 
 Serus enim Grsecis admovit acumina chartis, 
 Et post Punica bella quietus quserere coepit, 
 The. a. p. 276. Quid Sophocles et Thespis et iEschylus utile ferrent. 
 
 Temptavit quoque rem, si digne vertere posset. 
 ac. s. i. io. 43. Et placuit sibi, natura sublimis et acer ; 165 
 
 s P i. c. 4. 3. 24. Nam spirat tragicum satis et feliciter audet, 
 ut. a. p. 293. Sed turpem putat inscite metuitque lituram. 
 Creditur, ex medio quia res arcessit, habere 
 Sudoris minimum, sed habet comcedia tanto 
 Plus oneris, quanto veniae minus. Adspice, Plautus 170 
 Quo pacto partes tutetur amantis ephebi, 
 Ut patris attenti, lenonis ut insidiosi : 
 Quantus sit Dossennus edacibus in parasitis, 
 soc. a. p. 80. Quam non adstricto percurrat pulpita socco ; 
 
 Gestit enim nummum in loculos demittere, post hoc 175 
 Securus, cadat an recto stet fabula talo. 
 ven. e. 1. 19. 37. Quem tulit ad scenam ventoso Gloria curru. 
 
 cur. S. 1. 6. 23. _ ' 
 
 Exanimat lentus spectator, sedulus inflat : 
 Sic leve, sic parvum est, animum quod laudis avarum 
 Subruit aut reficit. Valeat res ludicra, si me 180 
 
 Palma negata macrum, donata reducit opimum. 
 Ssepe etiam audacem fugat hoc terretque poetam, 
 Quod numero plures, virtute et honore minores, 
 Indocti stolidique et depugnare parati, 
 Si discordet eques, media inter carmina poscunt 185 
 pla a p 2 i5o 4 ^ ut ursum au * pugiles; his nam plebecula plaudit. 
 
 Verum equitis quoque jam migravit ab aure voluptas 
 
 Omnis ad incertos oculos et gaudia vana. 
 
 Quatuor aut plures aulsea premuntur in horas, 
 
 Dum fugiunt equitum turmse peditumque catervae; 190 
 
 178. instat. 179. ? parvumst. 180. ac. 186. gaudet. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. II. i. 237 
 
 Mox trahitur manibus regum fortuna retortis, ret. c. 3. 5. 22. 
 
 Esseda festinant, pilenta, petorrita, naves, pe t. s. 1. 6. 104. 
 
 Captivum portatur ebur, captiva Corinthus. 
 
 Si foret in terris, rideret Democritus, seu d^. e. 1. 12. 12. 
 
 1 95 Diversum confusa genus panthera camelo, 
 
 Sive elephas albus volgi converteret or.i ; 
 
 Spectaret populum ludis attentius ipsis, 
 
 Ut sibi prsebentem mimo spectacula plura ; 
 
 Scriptores autem narrare putaret asello 
 200 Fabellam surdo. Nam quse pervincere voces 
 
 Evaluere sonunx, referunt quem nostra theatra ? 
 
 Garganum mugire putes nemus aut mare Tuscum, Gar. c. 2. 9. 7. 
 
 Tanto cum strepitu ludi spectantur et artes a >t. c. 4. s. 5. 
 
 Divitiseque peregrinse, quibus oblitus actor u. c. 4. 9. 14. 
 
 205 Cum stetit in scena, concurrit dextera lsevse. 
 
 Dixit adhuc aliquid ? Nil sane. Quid placet ergo ? 
 
 Lana Tarentino violas imitata veneno. *°i- c - 3 - •">■ 2S - 
 
 Ac ne forte putes me ; quae facere ipse recusem, acf. e. 1. 1. 13. 
 
 Cnm recte tractent alii, laudare maligne : 
 210 Ille per extentum funem mihi posse videtur 
 
 Ire poeta, meum qui pectus inaniter angit, 
 
 Irritatj mulcet, falsis terroribus implet, 
 
 Ut magus, et modo me Thebis, modo ponit Athenis. 
 
 Verum age et his_, qui se lectori credere malunt 
 215 Quam spectatoris fastidia ferre superbi, /«*• s - 2 - 6. 86. 
 
 Curam redde brevem, si munus Apolline dignum auo. e. 1. 3.17. 
 
 Vis complere libris et vatibus addere calcar, 
 
 Ut studio majore petant Helicona virentem. 
 
 Malta quidem nobis facimus mala ssepe poetse, 
 220 Ut vineta egomet csedam mea, cum tibi librum 
 
 Sollicito damus aut fesso ; cum laedimur, unum ■«• E - *■ 13 - 3 - 
 
 ' ' 8. 2. 1. 16. 
 
 Si quis amicorum est ausus reprehendere versum ; 
 Cum loca jam recitata revolvimus irrevocati; 
 Cum lamentamur non apparere labores 
 
 222. ? amicoruuist. 
 
233 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 ded. 8.2. l. i. Nostros ct tcnui dcducta poemata filo ; 225 
 
 Cum speramus eo rem venturam, ut simul atque 
 Carmina rescieris nos fingere, commodus ultro 
 Arcessas et egere vetes et scribere cogas. 
 
 op.pr. s. 2. 4. 63. Sed tamen est operae pretium cognoscere, quales 
 
 iEdituos habeat belli spectata domique 230 
 
 Virtus indigno non committenda poetse. 
 Gratus Alexandro regi magno fuit ille 
 
 Cha. a. p. 357. Chcerilus, incultis qui versibus et male natis 
 Rettulit acceptos, regale nomisma, Philippos. 
 Sed veluti tractata notam labemque remittunt 235 
 
 Atramenta, fere scriptores carmine fcedo 
 
 Hn. e. i. 19. 30. Splendida facta linunt. Idem rex ille^ poema 
 Qui tam ridiculum tam care prodigus emit, 
 Edicto vetuit, ne quis se pneter Apellen 
 
 aii. e. i. ig. 2o. Pingeret, aut alius Lysippo duceret sera 240 
 
 Fortis Alexandri vultum simulantia. Quod si 
 Judicium subtile videndis artibus illud 
 Ad libros et ad haec Musarum dona vocares, 
 Bceotum in crasso jurares aere natum. 
 At neque dedecorant tua de se judicia atque 245 
 
 Munera, quae multa dantis cum laude tulerunt 
 
 ? 4 ?. s. i. s. 40; Pilecti tibi Virgilius Variusque poetse ; 
 
 248. c. 4. §. 13. Nec magis expressi voltus per aenea signa, 
 
 Quam per vatis opus mores animique virorum 
 Clarorum apparent. Nec sermones ego mallem 250 
 
 rep. c. 2. 12. 9. ILepentes per humum quam res componere gestas, 
 a. i-. 95. Terrarumque situs et flumina dicere et arces 
 Montibus impositas et barbara regna tuisque 
 
 aus. c. 4. 14. 33. Auspiciis totum confecta duelia per orbem 
 
 j«n. c. 4. 15. 9. Claustraque custodem pacis cohibentia Janum 255 
 
 pri c 1 2 50. ^t formidatam Parthis te principe Romam, 
 
 Si quantum cuperem, possem quoque ; sed neque parvum 
 
 j 5 s c. 1. 8. 9. Carmen majestas recipit tua nec meus audet 
 
 239. Apellem. 247. Vergffius, 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. II. ii. 239 
 
 Rem temptare pudor, quam vires ferre recusent. 
 2G0 Sedulitas autem stulte, quem diligit, urget, 
 
 Prsecipue cum se numeris commendat et arte : 
 
 Discit enim citius meminitque libentius illud, 
 
 Quod quis deridet, quam quod probat et veneratur. 
 
 Nil moror officium, quod me gravat, ac neque ficto 
 2G5 In pejus voltu proponi cereus usquam, 
 
 Nec prave factis decorari versibus opto, 
 
 Ne rubeam pingui donatus munere, et una #»»• s - l - 3 - 58 - 
 
 Cum scriptore meo capsa porrectus aperta 
 
 Deferar in vicum vendentem thus et odores 
 270 Et piper et quidquid chartis amicitur ineptis. 
 
 II. 
 
 Flore, bono claroque fidelis amice Neroni, i. e. i. 3. 1. 
 
 Si quis forte velit puerum tibi vendere natura 
 
 Tibure vel Gabiis et tecum sic agat : Hic et 
 
 Candidus et talos a vertice pulcher ad imos 
 5 Fiet eritque tuus nummorum milibus octo, $. s. 2. 7. 13. 
 
 Verna ministeriis ad nutus aptus eriles, 
 
 Litterulis Grsecis imbutus, idoneus arti 
 
 Cuilibet ; argilla quidvis imitaberis unda ; 
 
 Quin etiam canet indoctum, sed dulce bibenti. 
 10 Multa fidem promissa levant, ubi plenius sequo 
 
 Laudat venales, qui vult extrudere, merces. 
 
 Res urget me nulla ; meo sum pauper in aere. 
 
 Nemo hoc mangonum faceret tibi ; non temere a me tem , E . 2. 1. 120. 
 
 Quivis ferret idem. Semel hic cessavit et, ut fit, ces. s. 2. 7. 100. 
 15 In scalis latuit metuens pendentis haben?e : — 
 
 Des nummos, excepta nihil te si fuga lsedat ; 
 
 Ille ferat pretium poenge securus, opinor. 
 
 Prudens emisti vitiosum, dicta tibi est lex : pr „. a. p. 4^2. 
 
 6. heriles. 8. imitabitur, k. 18. tibi...lex; ? tibist. 
 
 S2 
 
&40 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Insequeris tamcn hunc ct litc moraris iniqua. 
 
 Dixi me pigrum proficiscenti tibi, dixi 20 
 
 Talibus officiis prope mancum, ne mea saevus 
 
 J urgares ad te quod epistola nulla rediret. 
 
 Quid tum profeci, mecum facientia jura 
 
 Si tamen adtemptas ? Quereris super hoe etiam, quod 
 
 Exspectata tibi non mittam carmina mendax. 25 
 
 Luculli miles collecta viatica multis 
 
 iErumnis, lassus dum noctu stertit, ad assem 
 
 Pcrdiderat ; post hoc vehemens lupus et sibi et hosti 
 
 Iratus pariter, jejunis dentibus acer, 
 
 Prsesidium regale loco dejecit, ut aiunt, 30 
 
 Summe munito et multarum divite rerum. 
 
 Clarus ob id factum donis ornatur honestis ; 
 
 Accipit et bis dena super sestertia nummum. 
 
 Forte sub hoc tempus castellum evertere przetor 
 
 Nescio quod cupiens hortari ccepit eundem 35 
 
 Verbis. quse timido quoque possent addere mentem : 
 
 I, bone, quo virtus tua te vocat, i pede fausto, 
 
 Grandia laturus meritorum prsemia. Quid stas? 
 
 Post hsec ille catus quantumvis rusticus : Ibit, 
 
 Ibit eo, quo vis, qui zonam perdidit, inquit. 40 
 
 Romse nutriri mihi contigit atque doceri 
 
 4 2. c. 1. 15. u. Iratus Grais quaritum nocuisset Achilles. 
 Adjecere bonae paulo plus artis Athense, 
 Scilicet ut vellem curvo dinoscere rectum 
 Atque inter silvas Academi quserere verum. 45 
 
 Dura sed emovere loco me tempora grato, 
 
 47. c. 2. 7. 15. Civilisque rudem belli tulit sestus in arma 
 Csesaris Augusti non responsura lacertis. 
 Unde simul primum me dimisere Philippi 
 Decisis humilem pennis inopemque paterni 50 
 
 Et laris et fundi, paupertas impulit audax 
 
 des. s. 2. 3. 123. Ut versus facerem ; sed, quod non desit, habentem 
 
 22. venireti 24. attentas. 28. ? vemens. 42. Graiis. 
 
 I 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. II. ii. 241 
 
 Quae poterunt umquam satis expurgare cicutse, 
 
 Ni melius dormire putem quam scribere versus ? *»*■ s - 2 - l - "*• 
 55 Singula de nobis anni prsedantur euntes; 
 
 Eripuere jocos, Venerem, convivia, ludum ; 
 
 Tendunt extorquere poemata ; quid faciam vis ? 
 
 Denique non omnes eadem mirantur amantque : 
 
 Carmine tu gaudes, hic delectatur lambis, "*"*■ E - L 19 - 23 - 
 
 60 Ille Bioneis sermonibus et sale nigro. * al - s - '■ 10 - 3 - 
 
 Tres mihi convivae prope dissentire videntur, 
 
 Poscentes vario multum diversa palato. 
 
 Quid dem ? quid non dem ? renuis tu, quod jubet 
 alter ; 
 
 Quod petis, id sane est invisum acidumque duobus. 
 65 Praeter cetera, me Romsene poemata censes 
 
 Scribere posse inter tot curas totque labores ? 
 
 Hic sponsum vocat, hic auditum scripta relictis s p°- s - 2 - 6 - 23 - 
 
 Omnibus officiis ; cubat hic in colle Quirini, cub - s - \- •■ ^ 9 
 
 Hic extremo in Aventino, visendus uterque ; 
 70 Intervalla vides humane commoda. Verum 
 
 Purae sunt platese, nihil ut meditantibus obstet. 
 
 Festinat calidus mulis gerulisque redemptor, rwLC.s.1.35. 
 
 Torquet nunc lapidem, nuncingensmachinatignurm 
 
 Tristia robustis luctantur funera plaustris, >4 . s. 1. 6. m. 
 
 75 Hac rabiosa fugit canis, hac lutulenta ruit sus : 
 
 I nunc et versus tecum meditare canoros. 
 
 Scriptorum chorus omnis amat nemus et fugit urbem, 
 
 Rite cliens Bacchi somno gaudentis et umbra : ?s - c - 3 J 5 ^}- 
 
 Tu me inter strepitus nocturnos atque diurnos 
 80 Vis canere et contracta sequi vestigia vatum ? 
 
 Ingenium, sibi quod vacuas desumpsit Athenas, 
 
 Et studiis annos septem dedit insenuitque 
 
 Libris et curis, statua taciturnius exit 
 
 Plerumque et risu populum quatit ; hic ego rerum 
 85 Fluctibus in mediis et tempestatibus urbis flu. e. 1. 1. 16. 
 
 61. ? sanest. 80. contacta. 
 
242 Q. UORATL FLACCI 
 
 Vcrba lyrae motura sonum conectere dignej ? 
 
 Prater erat llomae consulti rhetor, ut alter 
 
 Altcrius sermone meros audiret honores, 
 
 Gracchus ut hic illi, forct huic ut Mucius ille. 
 
 Qui minus argutos vexat furor istc poetas ? [)( ) 
 
 Carmina compono, hic elegos. " Mirabilc visu 
 
 Caelatumque novem Musis opus \" Adspicc primum, 
 
 Quanto cum fastu quanto molimine circum- 
 
 94. e. 2. 1. 216. Spectemus vacuam Romanis vatibus aedem ; 
 
 Mox etiam, si forte vacas, sequere et procul audi, 95 
 Quid ferat et quare sibi nectat uterque coronam. 
 Caedimur et totidem plagis consumimus hostem 
 
 ium. s. 2. 7. 33. Lento Samnites ad lumina prima duello. 
 
 Discedo Alcaeus puncto illius ; ille meo quis ? 
 
 Quis nisi Callimachus ? Si plus adposcere visus, 100 
 
 Fit Mimnermus et optivo cognomine crescit. 
 
 Multa fero, ut placem genus irritabile vatum, 
 
 su/. e. 1. 19. 37. Cum scribo et supplex populi sufFragia capto, 
 Idem, finitis studiis et mente recepta, 
 
 pat. e. 1. 18. 70. Obturem patulas impune legentibus aures. 105 
 
 Bidentur mala qui componunt carmina ; verum 
 
 107. a. p. ui. Gaudent scribentes et se venerantur et ultro, 
 Si taceas, laudant quidquid scripsere beati. 
 At qui legitimum cupiet fecisse poema, 
 Cum tabulis animum censoris sumet honesti; 110 
 
 Audebit, quaecumque parum splendoris habebunt 
 Et sine pondere erunt et honore indigna ferentur, 
 Yerba movere loco, quamvis invita recedant 
 Et versentur adhuc intra penetralia Vestae. 
 Obscurata diu populo bonus eruet atque 115 
 
 Proferet in lucem speciosa vocabula rerum, 
 
 c. c. a. r.50.56. Quse priscis memorata Catonibus atque Cethegis 
 Nunc situs informis premit et deserta vetustas ; 
 
 ksh. a. r. 71. Adsciscet nova, quae genitor produxerit usus. 
 
EPISTOLARUM LIB. II. ii. 243 
 
 120 Vehemens et liquidus puroque siinillimus amni 
 
 Fundet opes Latiumque beabit divite lingua ; 
 
 Luxuriantia corupescet, nimis aspera sano 
 
 Levabit cultu, virtute carentia tollet, 
 
 Ludentis speciem dabit et torquebitur, ut qui 
 125 Nunc Satyrunx, nunc agrestem Cyclopa movetur. 125. s. 1. 5. 63. 
 
 Prsetulerim scriptor delirus inersque videri, ine. a. p. us. 
 
 Dum mea delectent mala me vel denique fallant, 
 
 Quam sapere et ringi. Fuit haud ignobilis Argis, 
 
 Qui se credebat miros audire tragcedos, 
 130 In vacuo laetus sessor plausorque theatro ; p: a . a. p. 151. 
 
 Cetera qui vitse servaret munia recto 
 
 More, bonus sane vicinus, amabilis hospes, 
 
 Comis in uxorem, posset qui ignoscere servis T33 . s. 2. 2. 68. 
 
 Et signo laeso non insanire lagenae, 
 135 Posset qui rupem et puteum vitare patentem. 135. a. p. 459. 
 
 Hic ubi cognatorum opibus curisque refectus 
 
 Expulit elleboro morbum bilemque meraco ««■ s - 2. 3. sa. 
 
 Et redit ad sese : Pol me occidistis, amici, 
 
 Non servastis, ait, cui sic extorta voluptas 
 140 Et demptus per vim mentis gratissimus error. 
 
 Nimirum sapere est abjectis utile nugis nug- e. 1. 1. 10. 
 
 Et tempestivum pueris concedere ludum, 
 
 Ac non verba sequi fidibus modulanda Latinis, 
 
 Sed verse numerosque modosque ediscere vitae. »«. m. E.i.is.59. 
 
 14?5 Quocirca mecum loquor hsec tacitusque recordor : 
 
 Si tibi nulla sitim finiret copia lymphae, m5 . c . 2. 2. 13. 
 
 Narrares medicis ; quod, quanto plura parasti, 
 
 Tanto plura cupis, nulline faterier audes ? 
 
 Si volnus tibi monstrata radice vel herba 
 150 Non fieret levius, fugeres radice vel herba 
 
 Proficiente nihil curarier. Audieras, cui 
 
 Rem di donarent, illi decedere pravam 
 
 Stultitiam ; et, cum sis nihilo sapientior, ex quo 
 
 120. ? veiuens. 137. helleboro. 141. ? saperest. 
 
244 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 Plenior es, tamen utcris monitoribus isdem ? 
 At si divitiae prudcntem reddere posscnt, 155 
 
 Si cupidum timidumque minus te, ncmpe rubcres, 
 Viveret in terris te si quis avarior uno. 
 
 pro. s. 2. 2. 129. Si proprium est, quod quis libra mercatur ct ierc j 
 Quaedam, si credis consultis, mancipat usus : 
 Qui te pascit ager, tuus est, et vilicus Orbi, 1G0 
 
 Cum segetes occat tibi mox frumenta daturas, 
 Te dominum sentit. Das nummos, accipis uvam, 
 Pullos, ova, cadum temeti : nempe modo isto 
 Paulatim mercaris agrum fortasse trecentis 
 Aut etiam supra nummorum milibus emptum. 165 
 
 Quid refert, vivas numerato nuper an olim ? 
 Emptor Aricini quondam Veientis et arvi 
 Emptum cenat olus, quamvis aliter putat \ emptis 
 Sub noctem gelidam lignis calefactat aenum ; 
 Sed vocat usque suum, qua populus adsita certis 1 70 
 Limitibus vicina refugit jurgia ; tamquam 
 Sit proprium quicquam, puncto quod mobilis horse 
 Nunc prece, nunc pretio, nunc vi, nunc morte suprema 
 Permutet dominos et cedat in altera jura. 
 Sic quia perpetuus nulli datur usus, et heres 1 75 
 
 Heredem alterius velut unda supervenit undam, 
 
 cai. e p . i. 27. Quid vici prosunt aut horrea? quidve Calabris 
 Saltibus adjecti Lucani, si metit Orcus 
 
 179 Y 3.' 21- Grandia cum parvis, non exorabilis auro ? 
 
 14 9 
 
 Gemmas, marmor, ebur, Tyrrhena sigilla, tabellas, 180 
 mur. c. 2. i6. 35. Argentum, vestes Gaetulo murice tinctas, 
 
 Sunt qui non habeant, est qui non curat habere. 
 ccs. e. i. 7. 57. Cur alter fratrum cessare et ludere et ungi 
 
 Praeferat Herodis palmetis pinguibus, alter 
 
 Dives et importunus ad umbram lucis ab ortu 185 
 
 mit e i 9 8 *45 Silvestrem flammis et ferro mitiget agrum, 
 Gen. c. 3.17.14. Scit Genius, natale comes qui temperat astrum, 
 
 158. ? propriiinist...niercatus et eere est. 163. modo sto, (LachmJ) 
 173. soi-te. 
 
EPISTOLJRUM LIB. II. ii. • 245 
 
 Naturse deus humanse, mortalis in unum 
 
 Quodque caput, vultu mutabilis, albus et ater. 
 190 Utar et ex modico, quantum res poscet, acervo i 90 . s. 1. 1. 51. 
 
 Tollam, nec metuam, quid de me judicet heres, her. b. 1. 5. 13. 
 
 Quod non plura datis invenerit ; et tamen idem 
 
 Scire volam, quantum simplex hilarisque nepoti 
 
 Discrepetj et quantum discordet parcus avaro. »h- b. 1. 1. 101. 
 
 195 Distat enim, spargas tua prodigus, an neque sump- 
 tum 
 
 Invitus facias neque plura parare labores, 
 
 Ac potius, puer ut festis Quinquatribus olinij 
 
 Exiguo gratoque fruaris tempore raptim. ^ s - c - 3 l d 27 j 
 
 Pauperiesimmunda domus procul absit : ego, utrum 
 £00 Nave ferar magna an parva, ferar unus et idem. 
 
 Non agimur tumidis velis aquilone secundo ; 2>:. c. 2. 10. 2.3. 
 
 Non tamen adversis setatem ducimus austris, 
 
 Viribus, ingenio, specie, virtute, loco, re s P c e. 1. 6. 49. 
 
 Extremi primorum, extremis usque priores. 
 205 Non es avarus : abi ; quid, cetera jam simul isto 705 . s. 2. 3. 159. 
 
 Cum vitio fugere ? Caret tibi pectus inani 
 
 Ambitione ? Caret mortis formidine et ira ? 
 
 Somnia, terrores magicos, miracula, sagas, 
 
 Nocturnos lemures portentaque Thessala rides ? The. c. 1. 27.21. 
 210 Natales grate numeras ? Ignoscis amicis ? 
 
 Lenior et melior fis accedente senecta ? 
 
 Quid te exempta levat spinis de pluribus una ? spi. e. 1. il 1 
 
 Vivere si recte nescis, decede peritis. 
 
 Lusisti satis, edisti satis atque bibisti : s L L 119 
 
 215 Tempus abire tibi est, ne potum largius sequo 
 
 Rideat, et pulset lasciva decentius setas. 216. c. 3. 15. 8. 
 
 212. juvat. 215. ? tibist. 
 
246 
 
 EPISTOLA AD PISONES, 
 
 SIVE 
 
 DE ARTE POETICA LIBEE. 
 
 Humano capiti cervicem pictor equinam 
 Jungere si velit et varias inducere plumas 
 
 tur. e. i. 3. 22. Undique collatis membris., ut turpiter atrum 
 Desinat in piscem mulier formosa superne, 
 Spectatum admissi risum teneatis, amici ? 5 
 
 Credite, Pisones, isti tabulse fore librum 
 Persimilem, cujus velut segri somnia vanae 
 Fingentur species, ut nec pes nec caput uni 
 Reddatur formse. Pictoribus atque poetis 
 Quidiibet audendi semper fuit sequa potestas. 10 
 
 Scimus et hanc veniam petimusque damusque vicissin^ 
 Sed non ut placidis coeant immitia, non ut 
 Serpentes avibus geminentur, tigribus agni. 
 Inceptis gravibus plerumque et magna professis 
 Purpureus, late qui splendeat, unus et alter 15 
 
 Assuitur pannus, cum lucus et ara Dianae 
 Et properantis aquse per amcenos ambitus agros, 
 
 Rhe. c. i. i. 38. Aut flumen Khenum aut pluvius describitur arcus ; 
 Sed nunc non erat his locus. Et fortasse cupressum 
 Scis simulare : quid hoc, si fractis enatat exspes 20 
 
ARS POETICA, 247 
 
 Navibus, sere dato qui pingitur ? Amphora coepit 
 
 Institui ; currente rota cur urceus exit ? 
 
 Denique sit quidvis simplex dumtaxat et unum. 
 
 Maxima pars vatum, pater et juvenes patre digni, 
 25 Decipimur specie recti : brevis esse laboro, 
 
 Obscurus fio ; sectantem levia nervi 
 
 Deficiunt animique ; professus grandia turget ; 
 
 Serpit humi tutus nimium timidusque procellie ; 
 
 Qui variare cupit rem prodigialiter unam, 
 30 Delphinum silvis appingit, fluctibus aprum. 
 
 In vitium ducit culpae fuga, si caret arte. s'«- s - l - 2 '-*• 
 
 iEmilium circa ludum faber unus et ungues «.<«. s. 2. 3. 24. 
 
 Exprimet, et mollis imitabitur aere capillos, 
 
 Infelix operis summa, quia ponere totum p»i. c. 4. s. s. 
 
 35 Nesciet. Hunc ego me, si quid componere curem, 
 
 Non magis esse velim quam naso vivere pravo, 
 
 Spectandum nigris oculis nigroque capillo. 3T . c. 1. 32. 11. 
 
 Sumite materiam vestris, qui scribitis, sequam 
 
 Yiribus et versate diu, quid ferre recusent, ,-,■<-. e. 2. 1. 259. 
 
 40 Quid valeant humeri. Cui lecta potenter erit res, 
 
 Nec facundia deseret hunc nec lucidus ordo. 
 
 Ordinis hsec virtus erit et venus, aut ego fallor, 
 
 Ut jam nunc dicat jam nunc debentia dici, 
 
 Pleraque differat et prsesens in tempus omittat ; 
 45 Hoc amet, hoc spernat promissi carminis auctor. i )ru - jj^ l * £■ 
 
 In verbis etiam tenuis cautusque serendis, 
 
 Dixeris egregie, notum si callida verbum 
 
 Reddiderit junctura novum. Si forte necesse est 
 
 Indiciis monstrare recentibus abdita rerum, 
 50 Fingere cinctutis non exaudita Cethegis cet. e. 2. 2. 117. 
 
 Continget, dabiturque licentia sumpta pudenter ; 
 
 Et nova fictaque nuper habebunt verba fidem, si 
 
 Grseco fonte cadent, parce detorta. Quid autem 
 
 Caecilio Plautoque dabit Romanus ademptum. 
 
 23. quodvis ; quocl vis. 32. imus. 33. molles. 18. ? necessest. 
 
243 Q. IIORATI FLACCI 
 
 \ irgilio Varioquc ? Ego cur, acquirerc pauca 55 
 
 Si possum, invideor, cum lingua Catonis et Enni 
 Serraonem patrium ditaverit ct nova rerum 
 Nomina protulerit ? Licuit scmperquc licebit 
 Signatum praesente nota producere nomen. 
 Ut silvse foliis pronos mutantur in annos, 60 
 
 Prima cadunt ; ita verborum vetus interit setas, 
 Et juvenum ritu florent modo nata vigentque. 
 
 6 3 . b. 8. 2. 179. Debemur morti nos nostraque ; sive receptus 
 Terra Neptunus classes aquilonibus arcet, 
 
 reg. c. 2. 15. i. Regis opus, sterilisve diu palus aptaque remis 65 
 
 Vicinas urbes alit et grave sentit aratrum, 
 Seu cursnm mutavit iniquum frugibus amnis 
 
 doc. e. 1. 11. 30. Doctus iter melius, mortalia facta peribunt, 
 Nedum sermonum stet honos et gratia vivax. 
 Multa renascentur, quse jam cecidere, cadentque 70 
 
 u .«. e. 2. 2. 119. Quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula, si volet usus, 
 
 Quem penes arbitrium est et jus et norma loquendi. 
 Res gestae regumque ducumque et tristia bella 
 Quo scribi possent numero, monstravit Homerus. 
 Versibus impariter junctis querimonia primum, 75 
 
 Post etiam inclusa est voti sententia compos. 
 Quis tamen exiguos elegos emiserit auctor, 
 Grammatici certant et adhuc sub judice lis est. 
 
 79 e! i! l?! ?.' Archilochum proprio rabies armavit iambo ; 
 
 JJJ- cf }■ jl 4 - Hunc socci cepere pedem grandesque cothurni, 80 
 
 s. i. o. w. \iternis aptum sermonibus et popularis 
 
 Vincentem strepitus et natum rebus agendis. 
 
 8 3 . c. 4. 2. lo— Musa dedit fidibus divos puerosque deorum 
 
 L Vi • L Et pugilem victorem et equum certamine primum 
 
 Ub. c. i. i. 89. Et juvenum curas et libera vina referre. 85 
 
 Descriptas servare vices operumque colores 
 Cur ego si nequeo ignoroque poeta salutor ? 
 Cur nescire pudens prave quam discere malo ? 
 
 59. procudere. 72. ? arbitriumst. 76. ? iriclusast. 31. populares. 
 
ARS POETICJ. 249 
 
 Versibus exponi tragicis res comica non volt ; 
 90 Indignatur item privatis ac prope socco 
 
 Dignis carminibus narrari ceua Thyestse. Th y . c. 1. 16. 17. 
 
 Singula quseque locum teneant sortita decenter. 
 
 Interdum tameo et vocem comoedia tollit, 
 
 Iratusque Chremes tumido delitigat ore ; 94 . s. 1. 4. 48. 
 
 95 Et tragicus plerumque dolet sermone pedestri. 
 
 Telephus et Peleus, cum pauper et exsul uterque Tei. e p . 17. s. 
 
 Proicit ampullas et sesquipedalia verba, amp. e. 1. 3. 14. 
 
 Si curat cor spectantis tetigisse querella. 
 
 Non satis est pulchra esse poemata ; dulcia sunto 
 100 Et quocumque volent animum auditoris agunto. 
 
 Ut ridentibus arrident, ita flentibus adsunt 
 
 Humani vultus : si vis me flere, dolendum est 
 
 Primum ipsi tibi ; tunc tua me infortunia Isedent, 
 
 Telephe vel Peleu : male si mandata loqueris, 
 105 Aut dormitabo aut ridebo. Tristia msestum 
 
 Voltum verba decent, iratum plena minarum, 
 
 Ludentem lasciva, severum seria dictu. 
 
 Format enim natura prius nos intus ad omnem 
 
 Fortunarum habitum ; juvat aut impellit ad iram 
 1 10 Aut ad humum maerore gravi deducit et angit ; 
 
 Post effert animi motus interprete lingua. 
 
 Si dicentis erunt fortunis absona dicta, 
 
 Ilomani tollent equites peditesque cachinnum. 
 
 Intererit multum divusne loquatur an heros, 
 115 Maturusne senex an adhuc florente juventa 
 
 Fervidus, et matrona potens an sedula nutrix, 
 
 Mercatorne vagus cultorne virentis agelli, 
 
 Colchus an Assyrius_, Thebis nutritus an Argis. 
 
 Aut famam sequere aut sibi convenientia flnge. 
 120 Scriptor honoratum si forte reponis Achillem, 
 
 Impiger, iracundus, inexorabilis, acer, 
 
 Jura neget sibi nata^ nihil non arroget armis. 
 
 97. projicit. 101. adflent. 102. ? dolendumst. 103. tum. 
 114. Davusne. 116. an au. 
 
 C 1. 1. 11- 
 
 16. 
 
 I2i. C 4. 6. 17. 
 
250 Q. IIOIUTI TLACCI 
 
 Sit Mcdea ferox invictaque, flcbilis Ino, 
 
 Perfidus Ixion, Io vaga, tristis Orestes. 
 
 Si quid inexpertum scenae committis et audes 125 
 
 Personam formare novam, servetur ad imum, 
 
 Qualis ab incepto processerit, et sibi constet. 
 
 Difficile est proprie communia dicere ; tuque 
 
 129. e. 2. 1. 225. Rectius Iliacum carmen deducis in actus, 
 
 Quam si proferres ignota indictaque primus. 130 
 
 Publica materies privati juris erit, si 
 
 Non circa vilem patulumque moraberis orbem, 
 
 Nec verbo verbum curabis reddere fidus 
 
 Interpres, nec desilies imitator in artum, 
 
 Unde pedem proferre pudor vetet aut operis lex. 135 
 
 Nec sic incipies, ut scriptor cyclicus olim : 
 
 " Fortunam Priami cantabo et nobile bellum." 
 
 wo „ 4,5 Quid dignum tanto feret hic promissor liiatu ? 
 Parturiunt montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. ^ 
 Quanto rectius hic, qui nil molitur inepte : 140 
 
 141. e. 1. 2. 19. " Dic mihi, Musa, virum, captse post tempora Trojre 
 " Qui mores hominum multorum vidit et urbes." 
 Non fumum ex fulgore, sed ex fumo dare lucem 
 
 spc. e. 2. 2. 116. Cogitat, ut speciosa dehinc miracula promat, 
 
 Antiphaten Scyllamque et cum Cyclope Charybdin ; 1 15 
 
 Nec reditum Diomedis ab interitu Meleagri, 
 
 Nec gemino bellum Trojanum orditur ab ovo. 
 
 Semper ad eventum festinat et in medias res 
 
 Non secus ac notas auditorem rapit et, quae 
 
 Desperat tractata nitescere posse, relinquit, 150 
 
 Atque ita mentitur, sic veris falsa remiscet, 
 
 Primo ne medium, medio ne discrepet imum. 
 
 Tu, quid ego et populus mecum desideret, audi : 
 
 aui. e. 2. 1. 189. Si plausoris eges aulsea manentis et usque 
 
 ses. e. 2. 2. 130. Sessuri, donec cantor Vos plaudite dicat, 155 
 
 iEtatis cujusque notandi sunt tibi mores, 
 
 136. cyclius. 139. parturient. 1-41. mceuia. 
 
ARS POETICJ. 251 
 
 Mobilibusque decor naturis dandus et annis. 
 
 Reddere qui voces jam scit puer et pede certo 
 
 Signat humum, gestit paribus colludere et iram 
 160 Colligit ac ponit temere et mutatur in horas. 
 
 Imberbus juvenis tandem custode remoto 
 
 Gaudet equis canibusque et aprici gramine campi, apr. c. 1. 8. 3. 
 
 Cereus in vitium necti, monitoribus asper, C er. e. 2. 2. s. 
 
 Utilium tardus provisor, prodigus aeris, 
 165 Sublimis cupidusque et amata relinquere pernix. 
 
 Conversis studiis aetas animusque virilis 
 
 Quserit opes et amicitias, inservit honori, qu <e. s. 1. 1. 92. 
 
 17 1 7 17 
 
 Commisisse cavet quod mox mutare laboret. 
 
 Multa senem circumveniunt incommoda, vel quod 
 170 Quaerit et inventis miser abstinet ac timet uti, 
 
 Vel quod res omnes timide gelideque ministrat, 
 
 Dilator, spe longus, iners, avidusque futuri, 
 
 Difficilis, querulus, laudator temporis acti 
 
 Se puero, castigator censorque minorum. 
 1 75 Multa ferunt anni venientes commoda secum ; 
 
 Multa recedentes adimunt. Ne forte seniles 376. e. 2. 2. 55. 
 
 Mandentur juveni partes pueroque viriles, 
 
 Semper in adjunctis aevoque morabimur aptis. 
 
 Aut agitur res in scenis aut acta refertur. 
 180 Segnius irritant animos demissa per aurem, 
 
 Quam quae sunt oculis subjecta fidelibus, et quae 
 
 Ipse sibi tradit spectator : non tamen intus 
 
 Digna geri promes in scenam, multaque tolles 
 
 Ex oculis, quae mox narret facundia praesens. 
 185 Ne pueros coram populo Medea trucidet, 
 
 Aut humana palam coquat exta nefarius Atreus, 
 
 Aut in avem Procne vertatur, Cadmus in anguem. 
 
 Quodcumque ostendis mihi sic, incredulus odi. 
 
 Neve minor neu sit quinto productior actu 
 190 Fabula, quse posci volt et spectata reponi ; re P . s. 1. 10. 39. 
 
 157- Nobilibus, B. 172. pavidusque, Bent. 178. morabitur. 
 
~>. r >2 Q. IIOUATI FLACCI 
 
 Nec deus intersit, nisi dignus vindicc nodus 
 
 Inciderit ; ncc quarta loqui pcrsona laboret. 
 
 Actoris partes chorus officiumque virile 
 
 Defendat, neu quid medios intercinat actus, 
 
 Quod non proposito conducat et haereat apte. 195 
 
 Ille bonis faveatque et consilietur auiice, 
 
 Et regat iratos et amet pacare tumentcs ; 
 
 brc. k. i. u.35. j\\ e dapes laudet mensse brevis, ille salubrem 
 
 ap. po. c. 3.5.23. Justitiam legesque et apertis otia portis ; 
 
 Ille tegat commissa deosque precctur et orct, 200 
 
 Ut redeat miseris, abeat fortuna superbis. 
 Tibia non, ut nunc, orichalco vincta tubseque 
 iEmula, sed tenuis simplexque foramine pauco 
 Adspirare et adesse choris erat utilis atque 
 
 spi ' : 2' i 9 'go U ^ on ^ um spissa nimis complere sedilia flatu ; 205 
 
 Quo sane populus numerabilis utpote parvus 
 
 //•«. s. 2. 5. 8i. Et frugi castusque verecundusque coibat. 
 
 Postquam coepit agros extendere victor et urbes 
 
 diu. c. 1. 1. 20. Latior amplecti murus vinoque diurno 
 
 aen e 2 i^iS' I*l acar i Grenius festis impune diebus_, 210 
 
 Accessit numerisque modisque licentia major; 
 
 tib. c. 3. 17. 16. Indoctus quid enim saperet liberque laborum 
 Kusticus urbano confusus, turpis honesto ? 
 Sic priscse motumque et luxuriem addidit arti 
 Tibicen traxitque vagus per pulpita vestem ; 215 
 
 Sic etiam fidibus voces crevere severis, 
 Et tulit eloquium insolitum facundia praeceps, 
 Utiliumque sagax rerum et divina futuri 
 Sortilegis non discrepuit sententia Delphis. 
 Carmine qui tragico vilem certavit ob hircum, 220 
 
 Mox etiam agrestes Satyros nudavit et asper 
 Incolumi gravitate jocum temptavit eo, quod 
 Illecebris erat et grata novitate morandus 
 Spectator functusque sacris et potus et exlex. 
 
 196. amicis. 197. peccare timentes. 
 
 vai. S. 2. 4.77. 
 
ARS POETIOJ. 5.53 
 
 225 Verum ita risores, ita commendare dicacis 
 
 Conveniet Satyros, ita vertere seria ludo, 
 
 Ne quicumque deus, quicumque adhibebitur heros, 
 
 Regali conspectus in auro nuper et ostro, 
 
 Migret in obscuras humili sermone tabernas, 
 230 Aut, dum vitat humum, nubes et inaniacaptet. 
 
 Effutire levis indigna Tragoedia versus, 
 
 Ut festis matrona moveri jussa diebus, , *»«». b. 2. 2.125. 
 
 Intererit Satyris paulum pudibunda protervis. 
 
 Non ego inornata et dominantia nomina solum 
 235 Verbaque, Pisones, Satyrorum scriptor amabo ; 
 
 Nec sic enitar tragico differre colori, 
 
 Ut nihil intersit, Davusne loquatur et audax 
 
 Pythias emuncto lucrata Simone talentum, 
 
 An custos famulusque dei Silenus alumni. 
 240 Ex noto fictum carmen sequar, ut sibi quivis 
 
 Speret ideni, sudet multum frustraque laboret 
 
 Ausus idem : tantum series juncturaque pollet, 
 
 Tantum de medio sumptis accedit honoris. 
 
 Silvis deducti caveant me judice Fauni, 
 245 Ne velut innati triviis ac paene forenses 
 
 Aut nimium teneris juvenentur versibus umquam, 
 
 Aut immunda crepent ignominiosaque dicta j 
 
 Offenduntur enim, quibus est equus et pater et res, 
 
 Nec, si quid fricti ciceris probat et nucis emptor, «'«■ s. 1. 6. 115. 
 250 iEquis accipiunt animis donantve corona. 
 
 Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus, iam. c. 1. 16. 3. 
 
 Pes citus ; unde etiam trimetris accrescere jussit 
 
 Nomen iambeis, cum senos redderet ictus 
 
 Primus ad extremum similis sibi. Non ita pridem, 
 255 Tardior ut paulo graviorque veniret ad aures, 
 
 Spondeos stabilis in jura paterna recepit 
 
 Commodus et patiens, non ut de sede secunda 
 
 Cederet aut quarta socialiter. Hic et in Acci acc. e. 2. 1. 56. 
 
 225, dieaces. 231. leyes. 250. stabiles. 
 
254 Q. HOBATl TLACCl 
 
 Nobilibus trimetris apparet rarus et Enni 
 
 In scenam missos cum magno pondcre versus 2G0 
 
 Aut operse celeris nimium curaque carentis 
 
 Aut ignoratse premit artis crimine ttirpL 
 
 Non quivis videt immodulata poemata judex, 
 
 Et data Romanis venia est indigna poetis. 
 
 Idcircone vager scribamque licenter ? an omnis 2G5 
 
 Yisuros peccata putem mea, tutus et intra 
 
 Spem venise cautus ? Yitavi denique culpam, 
 
 Non laudem merui. Yos exemplaria Grseca 
 
 Nocturna versate manu, versate diurna. 
 
 At vestri proavi Plautinos et numeros et 270 
 
 Laudavere sales : nimium patienter utrumque, 
 
 Ne dicam stulte, mirati, si modo ego et vos 
 
 Scimus inurbanum lepido seponere dicto 
 
 Legitimumque sonum digitis callemus et aure. 
 
 Ignotum tragicse genus invenisse Camense 275 
 
 The. e.2. 1. 160. Dicitur et plaustris vexisse poemata Thespis, 
 
 Quse canerent agerentque peruncti fsecibus ora. 
 Post hunc personse pallseque repertor honesta^ 
 ^Eschylus et modicis instravit pulpita tignis 
 
 cot. c. 2. 1. 12. Et docuit magnumque loqui nitique cothurno. 280 
 
 com. s. i. 4. 2. Successit vetus his comcedia_, non sine multa 
 Laude ; sed in vitium libertas excidit et vim 
 Dignam lege regi ; lex est accepta chorusque 
 Turpiter obticuit sublato jure nocendi. 
 Nil intemptatum nostri liquere poetse, 285 
 
 Nec minimum meruere decus, vestigia Grseca 
 Ausi deserere et celebrare domestica facta, 
 Vel qui prsetextas vel qui docuere togatas. 
 Nec virtute foret clarisve potentius armis 
 Quam lingua Latiuin, si non offenderet unum 290 
 
 Um. s. i. io. 65. Quemque poetarum limaB labor et mora. Yos_, O 
 Pompilius sanguis_, carmen reprehendite, quod non 
 
 260. magno cum. 264. ? veniast. 265. ut omnes. 
 277. frecibus atris. 292. reprendite. 
 
ARS POETICA. 255 
 
 Multa dies et multa litura coercuit atque nt. e. 2. 1. 107. 
 
 Perfectum decies non castigavit ad unguem. 
 295 Ingenium misera quia fortunatius arte 2 ^- s - *• 4 - 43 - 
 
 Credit et excludit sanos Helicone poetas *«»• E - *■ 19 - 3. 
 
 Democritus, bona pars non ungues ponere curat, 
 
 Non barbam, secreta petit loca, balnea vitat. 
 
 Nanciscetur enim pretium nomenque poetae, 
 300 Si tribus Anticyris caput insanabile numquam ^nt. s. 2. 3. 83; 
 
 Tonsori Licino commiserit. O ego laevus, 
 
 Qui purgor bilem sub verni temporis horam ! 
 
 Non alius faceret meliora poemata : verum 
 
 Nil tanti est. Ergo fungar vice cotis, acutum 
 305 Reddere quae ferrum valet, exsors ipsa secandi ; 
 
 Munus et officium nil scribens ipse docebo, 
 
 Unde parentur opes, quid alat formetque poetam ; 
 
 Quid deceat, quid non ; quo virtus, quo ferat error. 
 
 Scribendi recte sapere est et principium et fons : 
 310 Rem tibi Socraticae poterunt ostendere chartae, soc c. 1. 29. n. 
 
 Verbaque provisam rem non invita sequentur. s. 2. 3. 11." 
 
 Qui didicit, patriae quid debeat et quid amicis, 
 
 Quo sit amore parens, quo frater amandus et hospes, 
 
 Quod sit conscripti, quod judicis officium, quae 
 315 Partes in bellum missi ducis, ille profecto 
 
 Reddere personse scit convenientia cuique. 
 
 Respicere exemplar vitse morumque jubebo 
 
 Doctum imitatorem et vivas hinc ducere voces. 
 
 Interdum speciosa locis morataque recte 
 320 Fabula, nullius veneris, sine pondere et arte, p0lh E> 2 . 2. 112. 
 
 Valdius oblectat populum meliusque moratur 
 
 Quam versus inopes rerum nugseque canorse. nug. s. 1. 9. 2. 
 
 Grais ingenium, Grais dedit ore rotundo 
 
 Musa loqui, prseter laudem nullius avaris. 
 325 Romani pueri longis rationibus assem 
 
 Discunt in partes centum diducere. Dicat 
 
 294. preesectum ; deciens. 304. ? tantist. 309. ? saperest. 
 318. veras. 323. Graiis. 
 
 T2 
 
256 Q. HORATI ILACOI 
 
 Filius Albini, Si de quincunce remota est 
 
 Uncia, quid superat ? Poteras dixisse. Tricns. Eu ! 
 
 Eem poteris servare tuam. Rcdit uncia, quid fit ? 
 
 aru. s. i. 4. ioi. Semis. At haec animos serugo et cura peculi 330 
 
 Cum semel imbuerit, speramus carmina fingi 
 Posse linenda cedro et levi servanda cupresso ? 
 Aut prodesse volunt aut delectare poetse, 
 Aut simul et jucunda et idonea dicere vitse. 
 Quidquid prsecipies, esto brevis, ut cito dicta 335 
 
 Percipiant animi dociles teneantque fideles ; 
 Omne supervacuum pleno de pectore manat. 
 Ficta voluptatis causa sint proxima veris, 
 Nec quodcumque volet, poscat sibi fabula credi, 
 Neu pransse Lamiae vivum puerum extrahat alvo. 3-J.O 
 Centurise seniorum agitant expertia frugis, 
 Celsi prastereunt austera poemata Ramnes : 
 
 pun. e. 2. 2, 09. Omne tulit punctum, qui miscuit utile dulci, 
 Lectorem delectando pariterque monendo : 
 
 3 <$. e. i. 20. 2. Hic meret sera liber Sosiis ; hic et mare transit 345 
 Et longum noto scriptori prorogat sevum. 
 Sunt delicta tainen, quibus ignovisse velimus ; 
 Nam neque chorda sonum reddit, quem volt manus et 
 
 mens, 
 Poscentique gravem persaspe remittit acutum ; 
 Nec semper feriet quodcumque minabitur arcus. 350 
 Verum ubi plura nitent in carmine, non ego paucis 
 Offendar maeuhs, quas aut incuria fudit 
 Aut humana parum cavit natura. Quid ergost ? 
 Ut scriptor si peccat idem librarius usque, 
 Quamvis est monitus, venia caret ; ut citharcedus 355 
 Hidetur, chorda qui semper oberrat eadem : 
 
 Oa.E.2.i.233. Sic inihi, qui multum cessat, fit Chcerilus ille, 
 
 Quem bis terve bonum cum risu miror ; et idem 
 Indignor, quandoque bonus dormitat Homerus. 
 
 327. ? remotast. - 328. poterat. 330. an. 353. ergo est. 
 
ARS rOETICJ. 257 
 
 360 Verum operi longo fas est obrepere somnum. 
 
 Ut pictura, poesis ; erit, quse, si propius stes, 
 
 Te capiat magis, et qusedam, si longius abstes. 
 
 Hsec amat obscurum, volet haec sub luce videri, 
 
 Judicis argutum quae non formidat acumen ; 
 365 HaBC placuit semel, hsec decies repetita placebit. 
 
 O major juvenum, quamvis et voce paterna 
 
 Eingeris ad rectum et per te sapis, hoc tibi dictum 
 
 Tolle memor, certis medium et tolerabile rebus 
 
 Hecte concedi. Consultus juris et actor 
 370 Causarum mediocris abest virtute diserti 
 
 Messallse nec scit quantum Cascellius Aulus, Me$. s. i. 6. 42. 
 
 Sed tamen in pretio est : mediocribus esse poetis 
 
 Non homines, non di, non concessere columnae. 
 
 Ut gratas inter mensas symphonia discors 
 375 Et crassum unguentum et Sardo cum melle papaver 
 
 Offendunt, poterat duci quia cena sine istis : 
 
 Sic animis natum inventumque poema juvandis, 
 
 Si paulum summo decessit, vergit ad imum. 
 
 Ludere qui nescit, campestribus abstinet armis, 379 . e. 2. 1. 114. 
 380 Indoctusque pila3 discive trochive quiescit, i>u. s. 2. 2. 11. 
 
 . . ' ^ tro. C. 3. 24. 57. 
 
 Ne spissae risum tollant lmpune coronse : co ,.. E . 1. 1 8 . 53 . 
 
 Qui nescit versus tamen audet flngere. Quidni ? 
 
 Liber et ingenuus, prsesertim census equestrem equ. e. 1. 1. 53. 
 
 Summam nummorum vitioque remotus ab omni. 
 
 385 Tu nihil invita dices faciesve Minerva ; Min. s. 2. 2. 3. 
 
 Id tibi judiciumst, ea mens. Si quidtamen olim 
 
 Scripseris, in Mseci descendat judicis auris Mcec s L 10 38 
 
 Et patris et nostras, nonumque prematur in annum, 
 
 # Membranis intus positis : delere licebit, mem g232 
 
 390 Quod non edideris ; nescit vox missa reverti. 390 . E . 1#18< n . 
 
 Silvestres homines sacer interpresque deorum 
 
 Csedibus et victu foedo deterruit Orpheus, 
 
 Dictus ob hoc lenire tigres rabidosque leones ; 
 
 365. deciens. 372. ? pretiost. 386. judicium est, (Prcef. p. x.) 
 387. aures. 
 
 20. 6. 
 
25S Q. HORJTl FLJCCI 
 
 Amp. c.3. n 2. Dictus ct Amphion, Thebanse conditor arcis, 
 
 Saxa movcre sono testudinia ct prece blanda 395 
 
 Ducere quo vellct. Fuit haec sapientia quondam, 
 
 Publica privatis secernere, sacra profanis, 
 
 Concubitu prohibere vago, dare jura inaritis, 
 
 Oppida molirij leges incidere ligno : 
 
 Sic honor et nomen divinis vatibus atque 400 
 
 Carminibus venit. Post hos insignis Homerus 
 
 mar. e. 1. 1. 64. Tyrtseusque mares animos in Martia bella 
 Versibus exacuit ; dictse per carmina sortes, 
 Et vitse monstrata via est \ et gratia regum 
 Pieriis temptata modis, ludusque repertus 405 
 
 Et longorum operum finis : ne forte pudori 
 
 407. c. i. 6. 23. Sit tibi Musa lyrae solers et cantor Apollo. 
 Natura fieret laudabile carmen, an arte, 
 Qusesitumst : ego nec studium sine divite vena, 
 Nec rude quid possit video ingenium ; alterius sic 410 
 Altera poscit opem res et conjurat amice. 
 Qui studet optatam cursu contingere metara, 
 Multa tulit fecitque puer, sudavit et alsit, 
 Abstinuit Yenere et vino ; qui Pythia cantat 
 Tibicen, didicit prius extimuitque magistrum. 415 
 
 pan. e. 1. is. 40. Nec satis est dixisse : Ego mira poemata pango ; 
 
 Occupet extremum scabies ; mihi turpe relinqui est 
 
 Et, quod non didici, sane nescire fateri. 
 
 Ut prseco, ad merces turbam qui cogit emendas, 
 
 Assentatores jubet ad lucrum ire poeta 420 
 
 Dives agris^ dives positis in fenore nummis. 
 
 Si vero est, unctum qui recte ponere possit 
 
 Et spondere levi pro paupere et eripere atris 
 
 mh . e. 1. 17. 26. Litibus implicitum, mirabor, si sciet inter- 
 
 ISToscere mendacem verumque beatus amicum. 425 
 
 Tu seu donaris seu quid donare voles cui, 
 Nolito ad versus tibi factos ducere plenum 
 
 394, urbis. 404. ? viast. 409. quaesitum est. 410. prosit. 
 
 416. nun; mmc. 417. ? relinquist; est om. B. S. 422. ? vei-ost. 
 
ARS POETICA. 259 
 
 Lsetitiae ; clamabit enim Pulclire ! bene ! recte ! 
 Pallescet super his, etiam stillabit amicis 
 430 Ex oculis rorem, saliet, tundet pede terram : 
 Ut, qui conducti plorant in funere, dicunt 
 Et facixmt prope plura dolentibus ex animOj sic 
 Derisor vero plus laudatore movetur. der. v. 452. 
 
 E. 1. 18. 11. 
 
 Reges dicuntur multis urgere culullis cui _ c. 1. 31. 11. 
 
 435 Et torquere mero, quem perspexisse laborant, ur. e. 1. 18. 38. 
 
 An sit amicitia dignus : si carmina condes, 
 
 Numquam te fallant animi sub volpe latentes. 
 
 Quintilio si quid recitares, Corrige sodes 
 
 Hoc, aiebat, et hoc ; melius te posse negares, 
 440 Bis terque expertum frustra, delere jubebat 
 
 Et male tornatos incudi reddere versus. 
 
 Si defendere delictum quam vertere malles, 
 
 Nullumultra verbum aut operam insumebat inanem, 
 
 Quin sine rivali teque et tua solus amares. 444- e. 2. 2. 108. 
 
 445 Vir bonus et prudens versus reprehendet inertes, 
 
 Culpabit duros, incomptis allinet atrum 
 
 Transverso calamo signum, ambitiosa recidet ree , s. 1. 10. 69. 
 
 Ornamenta, parum claris lucem dare coget, 
 
 Arguet ambigue dictum, mutanda notabit, 
 450 Fiet Aristarchus ; non dicet : Cur ego amicum 4*o. e. 2. 2. 110. 
 
 Offendam in nugis ? Hse nugse seria ducent 
 
 In mala derisum semel exceptumque sinistre. 
 
 Ut mala quem scabies aut morbus regius urget 
 
 Aut fanaticus error et iracunda Diana, 
 455 Yesanum tetigisse timent fugiuntque poetam_, »«• v - 29s - 
 
 Qui sapiunt ; agitant pueri incautique sequuntur. 
 
 Hio, dum sublimis versus ructatur et errat, 
 
 Si veluti merulis intentus decidit auceps 
 
 In puteum foveamve, licet, Succurrite, longum 
 460 Clamet, Io cives ! non sit, qui tollere curet. 
 
 Si curet quis opem ferre et demittere funem, 
 
 435. laborent. 437. fallent ; latentis. 438. Quinctilio. 
 447. traverso. 456. secnutur. 
 
260 Q. IIORATI FLACCl 
 
 Qui scis, an prudens liuc se projecerit atque 
 Servari nolit ? dicam, Siculique poetae 
 Narrabo interitum : Deus immortalis haberi 
 Dum cupit Empedocles, ardentem frigidus iEtnam 465 
 Insiluit. Sit jus liceatque perire poetis j 
 Invitum qui servat, idem facit occidenti. 
 Nec semel hoc fecit, nec, si retractus erit, jam 
 Fiet homo et ponet famosae mortis amorem. 
 Nec satis apparet_, cur versus factitet, utrum 470 
 
 Minxerit in patrios cineres, an triste bidental 
 Moverit incestus : certe furit ac velut ursus 
 Objectos cavese valuit si frangere clathros. 
 474. s. 1. 3. 89. Indoctum doctumque fugat recitator acerbus ; 
 
 Quem vero arripuit, tenet occiditque legendo, 475 
 
 Non missura cutem nisi plena cruoris hirudo. 
 
 462. dejecerit. 
 
 FINIS TEXTUS. 
 
3ST O T E s. 
 
Q. HOEATI ELACCI CAEMINA. 
 LIBEE I. 
 
 CAEM. I.— AD MfflCENATEM. 
 
 Caius Cilnius Mcecenas. His birtliday is celebrated Carm. IV. xi. 18. His 
 ancestry referred to, Carm. III. xxix. 1 ; Sat. I. vi. 1. The Cilnii were an ancient 
 and leading honse at Arretinm. Liv. x. 1. 
 
 1. Atavis is here taken generally for ' ancestral .' Its exact meaning is seen in 
 a line of Plantus, — ' Pater, avos, proavos, abavos (==quartus pater in Virg. 
 2En. x. 619) atavos, tritavos.' Pers. I. n. The corresponding order in 
 descent would be, — Filius, nepos, pronepos, abnepos, adnepos, trinepos. 
 
 3. The sentiment of this ode is snmmed np in two lines, Sat. II. i. 27, 28; and 
 by Homer in one, if gennine, — 
 
 &XXos ydp t aXXoiaiv dvrjp eiriTepireTai epyois. 
 
 Ool. | 228. 
 Compare Persius, Sat. v. 52 — 62 : 
 
 ' Mille hominnm species et rernm discolor nsns : 
 1 Velle snnm cniqne est nec voto vivitnr nno : 
 ' Mercibns hic Italis mntat snb sole recenti 
 ' Engosnm piper et pallentis grana cnmini ; 
 ' Hic satnr irrigno mavnlt turgescere somno j 
 ' Hic Campo indnlget, etc. 
 ' At te noctnrnis jnvat impallescere chartis.' 
 
 Compare also Virg. Georg. n. 503 — 512. 
 
 ib. Here follows a description of the varions objects of man's ambition : 3 — 6. 
 The chariot race. 7. Pohtical distinction. 9. Commercial wealth. 11. Home 
 occnpations, 15. Mercantile enterprize. 19. Feasts. 23. War. 25. Hnnting. 
 29. Poesy. With the first few lines and their general scope, compare Pindar, 
 Fragm. 139. 
 
 ib. Curriculo. ' Curru potins qnam in stadio.' Cp. Ov. Trist. IY. viii. 36. (0.) 
 
 ib. Pulverem. Cp. Ov. Met. VII. 542, — ' Acer eqnns qnondam magnaeqne in pulvere 
 famoe.' 
 
 4. Fervidis. Cp. Virg. Georg. iii. 107, — ' Volat vi fervidns axis.' Mn. xi. 195. 
 
 ib. Meta evitata. Cp. Hom. 17, \p. 338—341 : 
 
 iv vvcro-rj 5e toi Iniros apiarepos 4yxPW<p0f)T(o, 
 us &v TOi TrAr)fj.vrj ye SodaaeTai &Kpov ineadai 
 kvkXov TroirjToio' XiQov 5' aXeaaOai eiravpe?v, 
 fj.r)irctis tinrovs re Tpwarjs KaTa 0' apjxaTa &l-r}s. 
 
 a.Z 
 
4 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. X. 
 
 G. Terrwrvm dornmos is in appoEdtion with D«>«. Ovid has boxrowed the phraso, 
 - ■'■ Pon£.I. i\. :><;, ' Terra/rv/m dommos qnaan colis ipse Deos.' Cp. Oic. 
 ii. 77, — ' Dominos esse omninm rernm a • moderatoi Those who coin- 
 
 pare Virg. ./.',<. i. 282, — ' Bomanos rernm dominosj' fail to observe that that 
 phrase is osed of thc Boman people oollectively s osed individually, rervm 
 or terrarvm domim would be improper, or (see Tac. Arm. II. S7; unwcloome to 
 a Boman ear. It ia used by Lucan, vin. 208, of Eastern princes. 
 
 7. Hunc. Sc. juvat ; (an explanation written abovo in Hl C.) 
 
 8. Tergeminis, " threefolcl." The officcs of aedile, practor, consul, which formed 
 
 the political decursus honorum at Kome. 
 
 ib. Honoribus. This has sometimes been explained as a dative case ; but tliat it 
 is an ablative, is clear from the parallel phrase in Sat. I. vi. 11. 
 
 10. Libya, the granary of Eome. Cp. Sat. II. ni. 87; C III. xvi. 31. 
 
 12. i.e. " by unbounded wealth." Attalus III. king of Pergamus, lcft the kingdom 
 by will to the Romans, 133 b. c. Cp. Carm. II. xvni. 5. 
 
 14 Myrtonm, tho sca S. of Eubcea. Plin. iv. 9. and 18. 
 
 15. Icarium mare, ' inter Samum et Myconum.' Ibid. 
 
 KVfxara jxaKpa, 6aXa<T(T7)S 
 ttSvtov 'iKapioio. Hom. II. /3. 145. 
 
 ' Icarium, lapsas ubi perdidit alas 
 
 Icarus, et vastss nomina fecit aquse.' Ov. Fast. iv. 283. 
 
 ib. Africum, the S. "W. wind : prceceps, Carm. I. iii. 12 : creber procellis, i£n. 
 i. 85. 
 
 17. Mooe reficit rates. Cp. Ov. Trist n. 18, — c Et redit in tumidas naufraga 
 puppis aqua ;' and ex Pont. i. v. 35 — 40: 
 
 ' Scilicet est cupidus studiorum quisque suorum, 
 
 ' Tempus et adsueta ponere in arte juvat. 
 ' Saucius ejurat pugnam gladiator, at idem 
 ' Immemor antiqui vulneris, arma capit. 
 ' Nil sibi cum pelagi dicit fore naufragus undis ; 
 ' Mox ducit remos, qua modo navis, aqua.' 
 
 19. Massici, wine from Mons Massicus in N. Campania. 
 
 20. Partem. . .demere. . Comp. II. vn. 6, — ' diem mero frangere,' "tobreakinon the 
 
 day;" ' tempestivis conviviis,' Oic. pro Arcliid, vi. (the context of which 
 
 corresponds nearly to this ode.) 
 
 Orelli connects this with the subsequent, rather than the preceding, context, 
 
 and explains it of sleeping. ' Italico more meridiari.' (He objects that 
 
 ■estiva convivia ' domi non sub dio celebrabantur.') But a comparison 
 
 of 0. II. iii. 6—13, though not excluding this, is against its being the lead- 
 
 ing idea. 
 
 23. Litinis, used by the cavalry, 'acutus est sonus (i.e. " the shrill clarion") tubas 
 
 gravis.' Schol. The tuba was a straight trumpet. Ov. Met. I. 98. 
 
 24. Matribus deiestata. Comp. Virg. 2En. XI. 217 ; and JEsch. Pers. 245 — 
 
 deiva toi Ae^eis Iovtoov to?s Toxzvcri (ppovTiaai. 
 
 25. Sub Jove. " in the open air," as sub divo, Carm. TII. n. 5. Comp. Ep. xiii. 2. 
 
 Cp. 'Q.ypevTi]s. ........ 
 
 o-Tifiy Kal VKptTcS /cexap^/ieVos. Call. Ep. 32. 
 
 29. HederoB. Ivy, the poefs crown. Virg. Ecl. vii. 25 ; viii. 13 ; and Persius, Prol. vi. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES ': BOOK I. I, n. 5 
 
 29 — 36. The sense is, — Poetic stndies are tlie charm of my life, and elevate it 
 above the vulgar ; and if you nllow my claim to the name of poet, I shall 
 be at tlie summit of my hopes. 
 
 34. Lesboum. So I. xxvi. 11 ; III. xxx. 13, — '.ZEolium carmen'; referring to Alcsens 
 and Sappho, as his great lyric models. Some snppose a reference to Ter- 
 pander (also of Lesbos), to whom the special invention of the fidpPiros is 
 assigned (in a fragment of Pindar, Scolia, v. ed. Diss.) 
 
 36. Ov. ex Ponto, II. v. 57 ; and Met. vii. 61, — ' Qno conjuge fehx 
 ' Et Di3 cara ferar, et vertice sidera tangam.' 
 Cp. Vvrg. Mn. iv. 322, and Herod. iii. 30, and Wesseling's note. 
 
 CAKM. II.— AD OE8AKEM. 
 
 Acl Caeswrem (Augustum C. in an old inscription, the anachronism probably of 
 a copyist). See Chronol, Table, B.c. 27. 
 Orelli fixes the date of this ode for B.c. 29 ; and the feeling at Eome, and the 
 honours lavished on Octavius in that year, accord with its general tenor, 
 and the hopes implied in it. See Merivale, Hist. Rome, ch. xxx. p. 401, and 
 note, p. 470. 
 
 1. Jam satis. Great storms, followed by an inundation of the Tiber, are here 
 represented as a judgment upon the crimes of the age (v. 21.) : appeal is 
 then made to Augustus finally, to show himself the restorer of the Empire. 
 
 ib. Nivis. ' Recordemur necesse est in meridionali Italia nivem prodigii instar 
 :.' (0.) 
 
 2. Riibente. ' His red right-hand.' Milton, P.L. ii. 174. Cp. Aia...<poiviKO(TT€p6irav. 
 Pvnd. 01. ix. 6; and ' corusca fnhnina molitus dextra.' Yirg..Georg. I. 328. 
 The corabination of lightning, hail, and snow, in one description, occurs in 
 
 Homer, II. k. 5—7. 
 
 3. So Ovicl, Am. III. iii. 35, — ' Juppiter ipse suos lucos jaculatus et arces.' Cp. 
 
 Cicero's verses, cle Div. II. 20 (34.) 
 
 6. Scecalum Pyrrlice, the deluge of Deucalion. See Ov. Metam. i. 260. 
 
 7. Proteus. UocretBdwvos vTrod/uLas. Hom. Ochjss. iv. 386. ' Pascit sub gurgite 
 phocas.' Yirg. Georg. iv. 395. 
 
 9. Cp. Ov. Met. i. 296, — ' Hic summa piscem deprendit in ulmo.' 
 
 13. Tiberim undis. These inundations, though not uncommon, were the objects 
 
 of superstitious regard at Eome. Cicero, describing one, (Ep. ad Quint. m. 
 7) plays upon the feeling, and qnotes Homer, II. ir. 385 — 9. 
 
 14. Litore Etrusco. It is questioned whether these words mean the shore qf the 
 Eti usco.n (i.e. jMediterranean) sea, or, the Etruscan (i.e. the right) bank of the 
 Tiber. The majority of commentators adopt the first meaning : Gesner pre- 
 fers the last. We may conjecture from its use in Carm. Scec. 38, that Etruscum 
 litus was sometimes taken popularly to express the border of Etruria on the 
 side of the river, as well as of the sea : it is in fact a natural association, when 
 river and ' sea are united, to include them in one term. The rest of the 
 sentence certainly suggests rather the rebound of afurious flood from a jutting 
 ban~k inthe bend of a river, than the reflux of a tide of twenty miles. Retorqueo 
 signifies a sudden rapid turn (as contorqueo, in Yirg. 2En. in. 562). More- 
 over, if the flood were caused by the meeting of the waters at the mouth, the 
 retort would come not "from the coast," litore, but "from the sea," cequore. 
 Furthermore, if litore be understood of the right bank, we have the direct 
 antithesis in v. 18, sinistra ripa, and in the latter word a reason for the adop- 
 tion of litore in this sense, (authorised as it is, in reference to the Tiber, by 
 Yirgil, jEii. VIII. 83) viz. that it avoids tautology. I prefer this interpretation, 
 
G NOTES ON THE ODEBi BOOK I. n. 
 
 and I sco it favoured in Mcrivalo's Rome, ch. xli. p. 533. His description is as 
 follows : 'The masscsof water brought down from above (aee Tae. Ann. I. 79) 
 ' were flung off from thc right bank, -vvhero tho bigh grounds desccnded diroctly 
 ' into tho stream, and driven with increased violcnce against tho left, just at 
 • the point where nature had left an opening into the heart of thc devoted 
 'city.' 
 
 15. Monumenta. Wagnor (in his Orthographia Vergiliana) prcfors this form to 
 monimenta ; ' analogiam secutus, similiter cnim documentum scribitur, non 
 docimentum.' Both forms have authority. Keller edits monimenta. 
 Monumenta . . . Vestx. Tho old palace of Numa. Regia, or domus regis, was 
 the ofticial residence of the Pontifcx Max. ; it was close to the Templc of 
 Vesta. (See, for an account of both, Coolcesley^s Index and Map qf Bome, 
 pp. 46, 47.) 
 
 17. IUa, or Silvia. When condemned by Amulius, and thrown into the river, she 
 became the wife of the river god. ' Post ex fluvio fortuna resistet,' — Ennius, 
 quoted by Nicbuhr, Hist. of R. vol. i. p. 175, where also see his explanation 
 of Rhea, or Rea. 
 
 18. Sinistra, " the south side," the side of Rome. 
 
 19. Jove. The Capitoline Jupiter, the tutelar deity. So Carm. III. v. 12, where 
 
 ' incolumi Jove ' is interpreted by the Scholiast ' salvo Capitolio.' So C. 
 TV. xv. 6. 
 
 20. TJxorius. Cp. Virg. Mn. iv. 266. 
 
 22. Persa. Again, Carm. I. xxi. 15. So Medos, v. 51 j Carm. I. xxix. 4 j and 
 Parthi, I. XII. 53. 
 
 These names are all equivalent. The Persae and Medi were included in the 
 great Parthian Empire, which is identified, in Carm. II. n. 17, with the old 
 Persian Empire. 
 
 The dynasties were these : — Cyrus to Darius Codomannus, B.c. 331, a period 
 of 228 years. 
 
 Then the Seleucidse, under the third of whom (Antiochus Theos) Arsaces 
 formed the nucleus of a new power. 
 
 The line of Arsacidse reigned from 250 B.c. to 229 a.d., a period of 480 years, 
 over 18 kingdoms, from the Euphrates to the Ganges, and from the Caspian 
 to the Arabian Sea. 
 
 The Arsacidse were in their turn succeeded by the Second Persian mon- 
 archy, and the line of Sassanidae, from 229 to 651 a.d. 
 
 24. Rara, " lessened in number ;" i.e. by the havoc of the civil wars. 
 
 25. " Whom shall the people invoke, for the safety of the sinking state ? ' ' The 
 
 dative after vocet is peculiar, though to be classed under the general rule of 
 dativus commodi. It occurs in Tioull. II. i. 83, — 
 
 ' Pecorique vocate 
 ' Yoce : palam pecori, clam sibi quisqne vocet.' 
 
 28. Vestam. Virg. Georg. I. 499, — minus audientem; i.e. indignant at the death of 
 J. Csesar. Cp. Ov. Fast. m. 697 — 707. Csesar's death is again referred to in 
 v. 44. 
 
 29. Scelus. Gr. rb &yos. 
 
 31. Eom. II. o. 308,— 
 
 $o?jSos \A.7roAAwj' 
 elfievos &/J.OU.V vetyeAnv. 
 ' Kerchiefed in a comely cloud.' Milton, TL Penseroso. 
 
 32. Apollo is first invoked (properly so, if Miiller is right in the meaning of the 
 
 name — airoTpoTraios, Dor. vol. i. p. 323), either as the guardian of the Csesars 
 (see Heyne on Virg. Ecl. iv. 10), or as the god of augury, which is his title 
 here ; for the expiation of prodigies, in common with other points of religious 
 ceremonial, belonged to the oflice of augur. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. n. 7 
 
 Ovid (Fast I. 611.) connects augur both with Augustus and augeo, using 
 the verb in the sense of promoting the empire's prosperity. 
 
 33. Erycina, Yenns ; so called from M. Eryx in Sicily. See Virg. Mn. v. 759. Ov. 
 Am. III. ix. 45. 
 
 ib. Bidens. ^i^ofxfiei^s 'A^poSrnj. Hom. II. y. 424s. 
 
 37. Satiate, "you who have indnlged to the full "...nearly as &8r)v eteii-ev aifxaTOs, in 
 Msch. Agam. 828. Cp. the Homeric epithet a~ros -no\4fj.oio. II. e. 388. 
 
 38. Clamor is personified in Pindar, Fragm. Inc. 187, — k\v6' 'A\a\a iro\4fiov 
 6vyar€p. 
 
 ib. Leves. Mitsch. Cp. Statius Tlieb. II. 710, describing a trophy — 
 ' Hnic leves galeas perfossaque vnlnere crebro 
 1 Inserit arma furens ; hnic truncos ictibus enses 
 ' Subligat, et fractas membris spirantibus hastas.' 
 ' TTnde apparet, galeas leves esse telorum ac gladiorum ictibus detritas.' (Ang. 
 " battered.") Levis may very well be synonymous with detritus. See Ov. 
 Met. xin. 792, — ' Levior assiduo detritis sequore conchis,' "Where is it used 
 in the signif. " burnished, bright ?" In the only passages where Yirgil uses it 
 of armonr, it appears to mean non asper, i. e. without "graving or device." See 
 Mn. vii. 626, 634, 789 ; viii. 624. Levia, in C. II. vn. 21, is explained by O. 
 as ' detersa ac polita ;' by M. as exple levia, ut sujperficies levis sit, i.e. fill up to 
 the brim ; but the word is a simple epithet of metal. 
 
 39. Mauri peditis. Gesn. and Orell. suggest that this may mean a Moor fighting 
 on foot, after his horse is slain — an emblem of desperate courage (such as 
 Witherington's in " Chevy Chase"), and possibly taken from a picture. 
 Cavalry are mentioned as dismounting on an emergency in battle, in Livy II. 
 20 ; iv. 38 and 40 (' equitem ad pedes deduxeris.') So Virg. Mn. x. 366. So 
 Herod. I. 80. 
 
 40. Voltus. In this and the like words volgus, volnus, I follow Orelli's text, and re- 
 tain the older form : yet the common forms vultus, etc. which I place among 
 the various readings, had come into use as early as Quintilian's time. He 
 says of them (I. iv. 11) ' nunc scribitur vulgus et servus, ' (not servos.) He 
 gives (I. vn. 26) the reason for the old form, ' quia subjecta sibi vocalis in 
 nnum sonum coalescere et confundi nequiret ;' i. e. the Komans had a difiiculty 
 in pronouncing uu, whether as a diphthong (e.g. in quum, equus) or as, in 
 Quintilian's phrase, Htterai sibi insidentes ; i.e. bearing one on the other, with 
 a consonantal power given to the first letter. 
 
 The same peculiarity held in the letter i ; thus, abicere, or else abjecere, is an 
 older form than abjicere. On the other hand, where i came between vowels, as 
 in aio, Maia, (which Cicero is said to have written aiio, MariiaJ there was 
 iotacismus, or doubling of the i in pronunciation. Wagner qnotes as the rule, 
 unam i scribi, duplicem audiri. Augustus is said (Suet. 88) to have favoured the 
 phonetic principle, ' perinde scribendum ac loquamur.' (See the Orthogr. Verg. 
 p. 443, and 445.) 
 
 41. Juvenem, used as in Virg. Ecl. I. 43, Georg. l. 500 : an ascription perhaps of 
 perpetual youth to Augustus, as to a divinity. The whole stanza, with its 
 context, is in a strain of most refined adulation (to be compared with the be- 
 ginning and the end of Yirgil's first Georgic), implying that he, to whose 
 government they look for redress and remedy of the state's sufferings, is 
 really more than man, and bnt lent to the earth for a time. Perhaps it is as 
 the author of civilisation (Qarm. x. 2) that he is thus identified with Mercury. 
 
 44. Cp. Ov. Fast. III. 710 — ,' Hsec prima elementa fuerunt 
 
 ' Co3saris, ulcisci justa per arma patrem. 5 
 
 45—6. Comp. Ov. Metam. xv. 868 ; Ov. Trist. Y. n. 52. 
 
 47. Iniquum, i. e. from disgust at the wickedness of the world. 
 
8 NOTES ON TJIK 0DE8 : BOOK I. n., nr. 
 
 50. Pnter. * Pator urbium,' Carm. III. xxiv. 27. Cp. Ov. Fast. n. 127, (and sec 
 Paloy's notc.) 
 
 ' Sanote Pater Patrise, tibi plebs, tibi Cnria nomen 
 ' Hoc deditj hoo dedimus nos tibi nomen eques.' 
 Cp. Sueton, Oct. C. 58. 
 
 ib. Princeps. Ibid. 142, — 
 
 ' Tu (sc. Fvomulus) domini nomen, principis illo tenet.' 
 Cp. Tac. Ann. I. 1,— ' Cuncta discordiis cmlibus fessa nomine Principis sub 
 imperium accepit.' Compare too (Ann. II. 57) tho antithesis between prlv- 
 cipis Romani and Parthi regis. 
 
 CABM. III.— AD VIRGILIUM. 
 
 1. Sic, " on this condition ;" " so may the gods guide your course, as you restorc 
 him safe." 
 
 ib. Diva potens Cypri. The gen. governed by potens. Venus is invoked for a fair 
 passage in Solon, Fr. X : 
 
 avrap 4/u.e £bv vrj'i dorj K\eivr)s airb vJ)ffov 
 affKwdr) ire/Airoi Kv7rpis loffTecpavos. 
 So Neptune says, Virg. 2En. v. 800, — 
 
 ' Fas omne est, Cytherea, meis te fidere regnis 
 ' Unde genus ducis.' 
 Cp. Ov. Epist, xv. 213 ; xvi. 24. 
 
 2. Fratres Helence, Castor and Pollux. 
 
 Cp. Ov. Fast. v. 720, — 'Utile sollicitse sidus uterque rati ;' and Fur. Orest. 1636, 
 where Helen is joined with her brothers as vavriKos oraT-hptos. (Cp. also v. 1689.) 
 
 The Dioscuri seem to have often supplied a name and figure-head for ships ; e. g. 
 on St. PauTs voyage, S. S. Acts xxviii. 11. 
 
 4. Iapyx, the wind blowing from Iapygia, the north-west ; therefore, in this case, 
 a favourable wind. 
 
 5. Creditum. So Catull. lxiv. 213, ' concrederet.' 
 
 5 — 8. Navis animce dimid. Comp. Call. Fr. 114. 
 
 6. Debes. Cp. ' debent haec pignora Daphnim,' Virg. Fcl. viii. 93. 
 
 8. Call. Ep. 42 ; and Ov. ex Ponto, I. viii. 2, — ' Pars anima? magna, Severe, mese.' 
 
 9. Hli robur et ces. Cp. 2Esc\i. P. V. 242 : ffior)p6<ppu>v re ko.k irerpas elpyaff/xevos ; 
 and Ov. Fast. V. xii. 11, — ' VaKdo pectus mihi robore fultum.' 
 
 13. DecertoMtem. De in composition means doivn, and so to the end through, or 
 thoroughly, or constantly ; e. g. delitigo, depugno, debello, decoquo, (Sat. II. i. 
 74,) decanto, (C. I. xxxm. 3,) decoloro, (C. II. i. 35.) 
 
 14 Tristes Hyades. 
 
 1 Ora micant Tauri septem radiantia flammis 
 
 ' Navita quas Hyadas Graius ab imbre vocat.' Ov. Fast. v. 165. 
 Virgil, alluding to the same derivation (veiv, pluere,) calls them pluvias, Mn. 
 m. 516. 
 
 18. Siccis. As /Esch. S. C. Th, 696, frpols a.K\avffTOLS ojXjj.affi (quoted by OrelH.) 
 Tears in the ancient poets betoken not compassion chiefly, as in modern 
 writers, but fear or horror. See Eur. Herc. Fur. 1354 : ovt' aw 6/xxLa.Toov 
 
 €0-ra|o irnyas Bentley reads ' rectis oculis,' quoting parallel instances ; to 
 
 which Porson, in Addendis on Hecuba 966, has added several more. 
 
 ib. Monstra. Juven. xiv. 283, — ' Oceani,monstra et juvenes vidisse marinos.' 
 
NOTES ON THE OBES : BOOK I. m, iv. 9 
 
 20. Acroceraunia. A headland of Epirus, famous for storms. Der. KepavvSs. 'Alta 
 Ceraunia,' Virg. Georg. I. 332. Used proverbially, — ' hcec Acroceraunia vita.' 
 Ov. Rem. Am. 739. 
 
 21. Abscidit. Ov. Met. i. 22, nses this phrase, but with a difference, applying it to 
 
 the severance of land and water, — 'terris abscidit undas.' On the form nequi- 
 quam, see Wagner, Orthogr. v. 
 
 22. Oceano dissociabili, " Has separated continents by means of the Ocean, dis- 
 nniting them." 
 
 Bissoc. nsed actively. So in Lucret. I. 11, genitabilis ; in Ov. Met, xni. 837, and 
 Virg. Georg. i. 93, penetrabilis. So ploxabilis=" conciliatory :" in Ter. Ad, IY. 
 III. 17 : laudabilis=" comphmentaiy." Cic. Epist. xv. 6. 
 
 26. Cp. Ov. Am, III. iv. 9,-— 
 
 - Ipsa potestas 
 ' Semina nequitiae languidiora facit.' 
 
 ' Nitimur in vetitnm semper, cnpimnsqne negata.' 
 
 27. Cp. Hesiod. ipya k. rjfi. 50, and v. 102. 
 
 ib. Iapetig., " Promethens." See Msch. P.V. 252, irvp iyca cr-biv unracra; and for the 
 benefits and inventions assigned to him, see vv. 250, 457 — 468, 482, sq. See 
 also below, Carm. xvr, 13 : npo/^fleus, "possessed of forethought," Mscl*. P.V. 
 36, his brother, 'E-Tifj.ridevs, " afterthought." 
 
 30. Febrium...cohors. Cp. vovcrcvv i<r^6%, JEscJi. Suppl. 684. Juvenal, describing 
 the weaknesses of age, says 
 
 ' Circnmsilit agmine facto 
 
 ' Morboruui omne genus.' S. x. 218. 
 
 Cp. Milton, P. L. xi. 474 : 
 
 ' Diseases dire, of which a monstrous crew 
 
 ' Before thee shall appear v. 494. 
 
 - Sight so deform, what heart of rock could long 
 ' Dry-eyed behold. ?' 
 Cp. Grai/s Ode on Eton Coll. — ' A grisly troop, 
 
 ' The painfnl family of Death.' 
 
 31. Incubuit. SoLucret.xi.lli3. 
 
 32. i, e. The dnration of man's life was shortened. Semoti andpmts tarda express 
 the same idea : " Death, which seemed at a distance, and (therefore) slow in 
 its approach, quickened its pace." 
 
 ib. Necessitas leti, poet. for letum. Gr. avayKatov ^fxap. 
 
 34. Bcedalus. Virg. Mn. vi. 14 ; Ov. A. A. n. 21, sqq. 
 
 35. Non homini, i. e. " not meant for man." 
 
 36. Herculeus labor. Gr. fiin 'Hpa/cATjeiT/, Hom. Od. A. 600. But Orelli interprets, — 
 
 ' Hercules, qui omnes labores fortiter exantlavit.' With the mention of him, 
 Cp. Moschus, in Bione, 119, — - 
 
 Kara(?as hotI Tdprapov &s ttok' 'GBvcrcrevs, 
 
 &s irdpos 'AA/ce/Sas. 
 
 40. Iracunda. *yx*os Caicoroio. Pind. Nem. VI. 55. 
 
 CARM. IY.— AD L. SESTIUM. 
 
 Lucius Sestius was consul suffectus, in the room of Angnstus, b. c. 23. 
 
 1. Verjs et Favoni, (ver. 5) " Cytherea." Cp. Lucret I. 10—13, and v. 736,—' It 
 ' Yer et Yenus et veris praenuntius ante Pennatus graditur Zephyrus.' 
 
 b 
 
10 NOTES ON TIIi: ODES: BOOK I. nr, v. 
 
 2. Trahunt, i. e. deducunt, " dfuw down and lannch." Cp, ipva-ra^ev %U a\a Zlav, 
 (sc. vria.) Hom, Od. k. 2. Convereely, BCnsaeoB (Hero, 298J indieaiei the 
 approaoh of winter by ^?5t? j/fja jxeKaivav aveKKVcre 5ix^«8t x e 'p a ' < P' 
 
 ?b. Machince- \ . Gr, uKkoi, b kind ot"rolh 
 
 7. -Dcjy) graves, etc. ' Yulcanus nempe dnm nxor ejna adest in terrifl et omnia vi 
 
 sua fecundat suo quoquc operi intentns est.' [l>oc/*.] [O.] qnotea a 
 
 Sckoliast, — ' Vulcanus procuclit fulmina Jovi qua> in asstate mittat.' 
 
 8. Officina. An abbreviation from opificina, properly an adj. form. Comparo 
 tonsbrina, " abarber's shop." So pistrina, medicina, carnificina* 
 
 10. Solutce. So resolvit, Virg, Georg, I. 44, 
 
 11, Fauno. Ov. Fast. II, 193. 
 
 ib. Immolare...agna. Orell. cf, Virg. Ecl. III. 77, 'faciam vitula ;' and Cic.deLegg. II, 
 12. So in Ferr, II. i, 26, ' poscunt majoribus poculis.' 
 
 15. Spem...longam, " which looks far forward," " requires along time tomature it." 
 
 So Carm. XI. 7, — Spa.tio brevi spem longam reseces, i.e. " since time is so short, 
 curtail your schemes." Comp. Carm. II. XVI. 17. The oldman is described Ars 
 Poet. 172, as ' spe longus.' 
 
 16. Fabulce=res nihili. S> XapiKa ri ra vepOe ; UoKvs o~k6tos ' al5' avodoi rl ; Vevtios ' 
 
 6 Se UkovTiov ; Mvdos. Call. Ep. 14. ' Cinis et manes et fabula fies' ("a heap 
 of dust, a shade, an empty sound," Gifford transl.)Pers. v. 152. 
 
 17. Domus exilis= u the joyless house of Pluto," whether as in E. I, vi. 45, " poorly 
 f ur n ished, ," or " tenantedby ghosts." Exilis means " meagre, thin ;" hence, 
 as afievvvSs, " unsubstantial death." Shalcesp. Romeo andjuliet, Act V. Sc. iii. 
 Virg. Mn. VI, 269 — 
 
 ' Domos Ditis vaxuas et inania regna,' 
 For the double epithet, compare E, II. i. 157, and Virg. JEn, x. 408, — ' Horrida 
 per latos acies Vulcania campos,' Cp, also 2En. vi. 603, 
 
 ib. Cp, Theogn, 973 — 
 
 ovdels av8pu>ircov ts, eirei iroTe yala KaKvtyrj 
 
 efs r 'EpeBos KaTafifj Sai/Aa Te Tlepcrecpovns 
 Tep-neTat, k, t. K. 
 
 18. Regna vini, i, e, the post of rex or arbiter bibendA, Carm. II. vil. 25 ; president 
 
 of the feast, 
 
 ib. Talis, i.e. " by the dice." See the word 'Tali' in Dict, Antiq, (and note on 
 C, III. xxrv. 58.) " When you have once gone thither, you shall no more take 
 part in feasts." 
 
 CARM. V.— AD PYRRHAM. 
 
 Cowley has paraphrased this Ode. 
 
 Cp. Aristoph.Fra_gm.2E6l. 116, — ev -qBv6ff/j.0Ls o-Tpcojxacriv Travvv m x[£av.T£art/iaX, YIII. 
 lxxxvii. 2, — ' Liber, in seterna vivere digne rosa.' Cicero, de Fin. II. 20, has 
 ' potantem in rosa Thoriura,' i.e. " crowned with roses ;" but here it is " on a 
 bed of roses :" and so Milton's transl. : ' Courts thee on roses.' 
 
 Urget. On the form of this word, see Wagn. Orth., and Forbiger on Geor. I. 
 116. 
 
 Flavam[£a.v&6s2\" your fair hair ;" a beauty in Greek or Italian eyes, by contrast 
 with their naturally dark complexion. 
 
NOTES ON THE 0DE8 : BOOK I. v— vn. 11 
 
 5. Munditiis. Cp. ' Munditiis capimur,' Ov. A. A. iii. 133, and n. 677. Gr. 
 Kadapiorrjri, Xen. Mem. II. I. 22. 
 
 11. Aurce. ' Incerta Cupidinis aura,' Ov. Am. II. IX. 33. [M.] compares, gen- 
 erally, the description of Helen, as (ppovvna vvve/j.ov yaXavas, 2Esch. Ag. 740. 
 
 13, sqq. " I have experienced and escaped the snare ; and, like a shipwrecked 
 mariner, have hung up the tokens of my escape in Neptune's temple." For 
 this prac.tice, see on Ars Poet. 20. Cp. Virg. ZEn. xii. 769, — 'Votas sus- 
 pendere vestes.' So Juv. xn. 27. 
 
 16. Maris, gov. by potenti, as Carm. I. in. 1, — ' potens Cypri ;' and i, VI. 10, — ' lyrse 
 potens.' 
 
 CARM. VI.— AD AGRIPPAM. 
 
 Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. The First General and Minister of the Emperor ; 
 also his son-in-law. 
 1. Vario...M. c. alite, i.e. the great Epic poet. Cp. Sat. I. x. 43. 
 
 Scriberis a Vario might have been expected ; but the omission gives it the con- 
 struction of the abl. absolute ; i.e. ' cum Varius sit insignis poeta.' With this 
 construction [0.] compares E. I. i. 94. Add C. II. iv. 10, — ' Thessalo victore.' 
 Paley's note on Ovid, Fast. n. 85, may be referred to. 
 
 3. Navibus . . . equis, " by sea or land." 
 
 5. Neque Jicbc nec gravem, i.e. " achievements such as yours are a subject for 
 
 Epic or Tragic poetry ; as those of Achilles, Ulysses, and the destiuies of the 
 house.of Pelops." Orelli supposes an allusion, in v. 8., to Varius' play of 
 
 Thyestes. 
 
 ib. ' Fortia Mseonio gaudent pede bella referri,' etc. Ov. B. Am. 373. So Call. Fr. 
 165. 
 
 6. Nescii. So Ov. Her. XII. 49, — ' succumbere nescia somno ;' and in prose, Liv. 
 
 Ix. 3, — ' quiescere nesciat.' Virg. JEn. xii. 527, — ' nescia vinci pectora.' 
 
 7. Duplicis, " crafty." ov SnrXovs rci<pvK avrjp. Eur. Rhe. 395 : in converse sign., 
 
 simplex, — 
 
 ' Sine fraude dolisque, Innocuum, simplex.' Ov. Met. xv. 121. 
 
 11. Cp Ov. Trist. II. 335. 
 
 13. Tunica tect. ad., " in his shirt of mail ;" a transl. of the Homeric x a ^ K * 9vprit, 
 Xa^Kox^Tcai/. 
 
 15. Merionen. See Hom. II. d. 264 ; v. 528. 
 
 16. Tydiden. Hom. II. 17. 335. and 855 ; his combats with Venus and Mars. 
 
 CARM. VII.— AD MUNATIUM PLANCUM. 
 
 For the supposed political reference of this ode, see Merivale, Hist . Bome, ch. 
 xli. vol. IV. p. 595. For an account of Plancus, see Biogr. Dict. 
 
 Bhodon, aut Mytilenen. Mentioned together again in Epist. I. 11. 17, as un- 
 attractive, ' incolumi,' i.e. to any but an invalid in body or mind. Gesn. Cp. 
 Cic. Fami. IV. 7, and VII. 3, to show that they were a favourite resort of 
 exiles. 
 
 Epliesus, now Ayasaluk. 
 
 b 2 
 
12 NOTES ON TIIE ODES i BOOK I. VII. 
 
 2. Btnwww Qor. olrropos, /•>,■. Troad. 1097; dfj,<piOd\aacros, Pvnd. 01. vn. 33 ; be- 
 bween ilie Sinus Corinthiacus and Saronicna. 
 
 ■'>■ ia a word oocnrring in oo other goocl writer excepi Ovid, Her. xii. 
 27, — 'Hio Ephyren bvmcvrt ..' 3f< ■'. VI. 119, — ' bimari olandnntnr ab isthmo.' 
 
 3. fifi . 153,— 6 ®r)f3as l\e\1x0uv Ba«X'os. 
 ib. A])ollihc Delpnos. Ewr. Ton, 5, — 
 
 Ae\(pc7>v r->V5e yrjv iV u/i(pa\ov 
 fxecrov KaOifav $o7Bos vfxvccDe7 BpOTo7s. 
 
 4. Tempe. Enr. Troa.d, 211, — rav nrjveiov crefxvuv x^pav KprjirTS' Ov\vfxirov KaWicrrav, 
 where also, w. 218, 219, (as may be implied bere in ' wrvwm opus est') tlie 
 first place is given to Attica, — ©rjcretvs £a6eav x&P av -- 
 
 5. Thc pride of others is, in a set poem to celebrate Athens(or Attica,)and to gain 
 
 an olive-wi-eath from every part of it ; i.e. from every legend to gain poetic 
 fame. 
 ib. IntactcB, i.e. ' virginea? ;' as in Virg. JEa. I. 345. 
 
 6. Perpctuo. Ov. Met. I. 4, — ' Ad mea perpetuum deducite tempora carmen.' Cp. 
 ' perpetua historia,' Cic. Fam. v. 12. 
 
 7. Undique deccrptam. Bentley and others explain thisofa worn-out hackneyed 
 subject, an olive tree stripped of its leaves by every poet, — " pluclced on all 
 ha/rids." So Conington. So, ' des rameaux de V olivier tant d.e fois cueillis,' 
 Walcken&er, Uvre v. s. 25. I prefer Orelli's interpretation, which is given on 
 v. 5, as more natural in construction, more in agreement with the epithet of 
 r. 6. A continuous, comprehensive poem would gather up the traditions of 
 every period, and the associations of every spot around. 
 
 ib. Olivam, The wreath for literary merit was properly of ivy, as in C. I. I. 29. 
 Here it is supposed to be of olive, as being conferred by Pallas, or derived from 
 her. Similarly the muse of the love-poet is crowned with myrtle (as sacred 
 to Venus) in Ov. A. A. I. I. 29. 
 
 8. Pind. Nem. X. 2, — "Kpas 5u/j.a ©eoTrpeires. Comp. Hom. II. 5. 51, 52. 
 
 9. Aptum...equis, — iTnrSSorov, Hom. II. /3. 287. 
 
 ib. Mycenas dites, — iro\vx_pvcrovs, Hom. II. 77. 180 ; and Soph. Elect. 9. 
 
 10. Patiens Lacedcemon. ' Pueri Spartiatoe non ingemiscunt ... laniati,' Cic. Tusc. 
 
 Disp. Y. 27. 
 
 11. Larissce . . .opimce. *pi{id>\aKa, Hom. II. j8. 841. 
 ib. Percussit, " charms." 
 
 10, 11. Cp. Pind, Pyth. X. 1, — 6\3la AaKedal/uioov fxaKaipa ®ecrcra\la. 
 
 12. Walckenaer (liv. v. s. 25) says on this, — 'La grotte retentissante '(resonantis, 
 
 Cp. Virg. 2En. vn. 83) ' de la nymphe Albunee est ou la grotte dite de Neptune, 
 ' ou le temple dit de la Sibylle dont on voit les ruines ; l'eau du fleuve, encore 
 ' aujourd'hui, bouillonne autours de sa base et s'echappe en cascades.' 
 
 13. A.nio, Teverone. 
 
 ib. Tibumus, with his brothers (Carm. I. xvm. 2 ; Virg. Mn. VII. 671), founded 
 
 it. 
 ib. Lucus, i.e. Tibur (Tivoli, 20 miles from Eome, Ma.rt. IV. lvii. 4, — 'Quo te bis 
 
 decimus ducit ab urbe lapis.') Xot all these places of legendaiy or historic 
 
 fame equal it in the poefs eyes. Cp. Carm. II. vi. 5. 
 15. Albus. See II. \. 306, — Zecpvpos vecpea crTvcpe\i^r] 'ApyecrTao NoVoio, which marks 
 
 the epithet as expressive of the white fleecy clouds which accompany westerly 
 
 or N.W. winds. Ovid uses the Gr. name Argestes for the N.W. wind, in Fast. 
 
 v. 161. 
 21. Tev.ccr. See his exile and its reasons anticipated in Sojph. Ajax, 1006 — 1019. 
 
 Eurip. Hel. 90. Cp. Virg. Mn. I. 620. 
 23. Populea, Sc. 'magni memor Herculis,' as in C. IY. v. 36. ' Herculi vo.go (C. 
 
 III. III. 9) potissimum libat.' Cp. ra 7)ye fx6i>i 'HpaK\e7, Xen. An, YI. II. 9. [O.] 
 
 So r)y efj.oawa are offered to Herculcs, Xen. An. IV. vm. 25. 
 
NOTES ON THE-ODES: BOOK I. vn— ix. 13 
 
 28. Eurijp. Hel. 148 — 
 
 Kvirpov ov ju' ideairiffev 
 
 oiKe7v 'AirdWcav ovojia vr\a icot ikov 
 
 ~2.aKafj.7va 94fxevoy. 
 
 29. i.e. That the new Salamis shall so rival the old, as to make it doubtful, in men- 
 tioning the name, which is meant. Cp. ' prolem ambiguam,' Virg. 2En. III. 180. 
 
 30. Cp. Odyss. e. 253, — ^'§t? *>ap ixd\a ttoW Z-naQov, imitated in Sat. II. V. 21 j Virg. 
 JEn. i. 199, — ' passi graviora.' . 
 
 CABM. VIII.— AD LYDIAM. 
 
 The general sentiment of this Ode is expressed in the opening of the Two Gen- 
 tlemen of Verona, — 
 
 ' Wer't not affection chains thy tender days 
 ' To the sweet glances of thy honoured love... 
 
 e Wear out thy youth with shapeless idleness.' 
 
 4. Campum, the Campus Martius. See Cookesleifs Map of Rome and Tndex, 
 
 and the Dictionary of Antiquities. 
 ilj. Patiens...solis. Cp. Gr. rjXuofxivos, and its opposite, io-KiarpocpTjKus. See also 
 
 Ev:r. Bacch. 457 — 9. 
 
 6. Lupatis, adj. of lupus, " a sharp bit." Ov. Trist. TV. vi. 4. 
 
 11. Bracchia. The quantity of this word is transposed from that of its root 
 f3pax'«w : hence the doubling of the c, as authorised by MSS. Wagn. Orthog. 
 
 14. Ov. Art. Am. i. 689, — ' Achilles Yeste virum longa dissimulatus erat/ (sc. in 
 aula Lycomedis.) 
 
 ib. Trojce funera. Lucret. v. 326. 
 
 CAEM. IX.— AD THALIAECHUM. 
 
 Thaliarchus, 9a\i apxos=arliter oibendi. The omce implied in this name was 
 a Greek innovation upon that of 'pater cense,' Sat. II. vin. 7. See Merivcde, 
 Hist. Rome, ch. xli. p. 554, who quotes ' magisteria a majoribus instituta ' 
 from Cic. Senect. 14. 
 The ode is an imitation of Alcceus, Fr. 34, — 
 
 "Tei fxkv 6 2§eus eK §' opavw /xeyas 
 
 Xei/xcov, ireirayacriv §' vDqltqov poai. 
 
 KcLfiSaWe tov x* l t JL &* / ' > "rl fxev Ti9eis 
 
 Trvp iv §e Kipvais oivov acpeiSeccs. 
 
 2. Soracte. ' Sancti Soractis,' Virg. 2En. II. 785. About 25 miles N. of Rome, in the 
 Faliscan territory, now M. St. Oreste. It stands out(s£e£,)especially fn the at- 
 mosphere of winter, sharply and prominently to view from either of the 
 northern gates. Cp. ' stet Marpesia cautes.' Virg. 2En. vi. 471. 
 
 4. Constiterint. Cp. ' ter frigore constitit lster.' Ov. Trist V. x. 1. 
 
 5. This sentence expresses the same meaning as the Fragment of Lucilius ■ 
 
 ' Scinde, puer, calam, nt caleas.' 
 
 Calam. Ka\ov, " a log ;" whence calo, E. I. xiv. 42. 
 
 7. Quadrimum. Terpaeves §e iti9uov dire\veT0 Kparbs &\ei(pap. Theocr. VII. 147. 
 
 ib. Sabina, i.e. the wine was Sabine. 
 
14 NOTES ON TUE ODEB i BOOK l. IX, x. 
 
 8. Diota, a vossel with two handles, (Sjto). Cp. thc adj. wtwcis, Hom. II. $. 264. 
 
 afjL(puT]s, Theocr. i. 28. 
 
 9. Froru ArcMlocTms, /V. 51, — 
 
 to7s Qeo7s Ttdelv airdvTa' -noWaKis /j.tv in KaKwv 
 &vbpas opOovaiv fxiXaivy Kei/j.cvovs 4ir\ yQovi. 
 Cp. Msch. Pers. 229, — irdvra Qr\o-OLLtv 0€o?cn. 
 11. Dcprcdiantcs. The de is probably intensivo, as in C. I. III. 13. Parrv. on 7'« ,-. 
 ^4cZ. I. ii. 72, defervisse, suggests that it may bo construcd "oeaering to rage." 
 
 14. Quem...dierum. A partitive construction, emphasizing the idea of portions of 
 
 time, day by day, doled out to men. 
 ib. Lucro appone, " set it down as so much gain." 
 16. Puer=dum puer es. V. Schol. 
 18. Arece, "public places," the pleasures of society. 
 21. Latentis proditor. Cp. Virg. Ecl. iii. 65, — 
 
 ' Et fugit ad salices, et se cupit ante videri.' 
 
 24. Male pertinaci, "feebly resisting." 
 
 CARM. X.— AD MERCUKIUM. 
 
 1—4. Cp. Ov. Fast. Y. 663—8 : 
 
 8 Clare nepos Atlantis ades, quem montibus olim 
 
 ' Edidit Arcadiis Pleias una Jovi : 
 { Pacis et armorum snperis imisque Deorum 
 
 ' Arbiter, alato qui pede carpis iter : 
 ' Laste lyrae pulsu, nitida quoque laete palaestra ■ 
 
 ( Quo didicit culte lingua favente loqui.' 
 
 4. Palcestrce. Chishull cp. Pind. Isth. I. 60, — aycvvios 'Epuas. 
 
 The Palcestra of the ancients might (as in Gesner's note) be paralleled with 
 our clancing school, and Johnson's sarcasm on ' the manners of a dancing 
 master ' has a counterpart in Cicero's (de Off. I. 36) ' palsestrici motus.' 
 
 6. Nuntium. didKropos^ApyeupovTys. Hom. Od. e. 43, — ' Interpres Divum»' Virg. 
 Mn. iv. 356. Cp. v. 238, sqq. 
 
 ib. Lyrce parentem. &s xeAuv 'Epudwv, KiBdpav ws avrhs 'AttSWcvv. Bion, Id. iii. 5. 
 Cp. Ov. Fast. V. 104. 
 
 9. Te, boves olim. Taken from Homer's Hymn to Mercury ; or more immediately 
 perhaps from Alcseus, Frag. iv. See also Ov. Met. II. 686. 
 
 ib. Nisi reddidisses. The construction is dependent on terrct, used of past time. 
 
 11. Dum terret. It is to be observed that dum, "while," (i.e. when expressing 
 simultaneous coincident action) is properly followed by a present indicative, 
 without regard to the tense of the leading verb. See for instance C. III. vn. 
 18; III. xi. 24; S. I. v. 72; A P. 465. A good example of the construction 
 after an imperfect is in Tac. Ann. I. 75, — ' Dum veritati consulitur libertas 
 corrumpebatur,' (" while the interests of truth were promoted, liberty was 
 being nndei-mined.") Cp. Virg. G. iv. 560. So after a pluperfect, Ov. Fast. 
 Iii. 40, — ' Implerat dnm sua visa refert.' Cp. Virg. Ec. vn. 6. The exceptions 
 to the above rule are few, and may be explained. In Tibull. II. iii. 21, ' caneret 
 dum' is probably a false reading, (see Bach's note) for ' cum.' In Sallust 
 Cat. 7, ' dum .... faceret,' the reading is doubtful ; but the present tense 
 could not stand in a sentence so indefmite. In Sueton. Aug. 94, 'dum ceterae 
 dormirent obdormisse ' seems exceptional. In Livy, xxiv. 40, ' dum . . . . in- 
 spiceret' is=quoad, expressing contmued action. So in Hor. C. I. xxxvn. 6; 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. x— xn. 15 
 
 in Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, ' dum . . . erat occupatus,' the particle seems not to ex- 
 press time, but rather cause ; not, " while he ivas," but, " oiving to his liaving 
 beeriy preoccwpied." (So, perliaps, ad Att. i. 16, ' dum veritus est.') Iu Ov. 
 Met. xv. 847, 'dum tulit' may perhaps be accouuted for by its close depeu- 
 dence on 'intulit,' in the preceding verse. In Virg. G. IV. 457, 'dum' is= 
 * dummodo,' expressing cav.se or purpose. In Cic. Fin. n. 13, ' dum. . . voluerunt/ 
 it mav be stated as a rule, that the perfect, xvith " have," follows the coustruc- 
 tion of the present tense, but there is a distinction in meaning : ' dum volunt ' 
 "would be=" in la.ying down this principle ;" ' dum voluerunt ' is=" in having 
 laid it oloivn." (See Madvig, Lat, Gr. s. 336, obs. 2.) 
 
 13. Rom. Tl. a>. 384, sqa. 15. TrojcB. Dat. case. 
 
 16. Fefellit, passed unnoticed through the watchfires of the ilyrmidons. 
 
 17. This alludes to ]VIercury's oiB.ce as \pvxoir6fj.Tros, iro fj.it alos, x^6vios. Soph. Ajace, 
 
 832. 
 
 18. Virga...aurea. The caduceus (pdfiSos.) Hence his title xpwopains, Hom. Od. e. 
 87 ; Pind. Pyth. iv. 178. So Ov. Her. xvi. 64. Cp. Spense/s (F. Qu. III. xn. 
 41) description of ' Caduceus, the rod of ilercury, ' &c. 
 
 CAKM. XI.— AD LEUCONOEN. 
 
 1. Ne qibasieris. The following are phrases of prohibition nearly synonymous : 
 ne quoere, (in poetry;) ne qucesieris ; noli quozrere, as Epist. I. xvin. 28; fuge 
 qucerere, Carm. I. ix. 13; parce qucerere, Carm. III. viii. 26; remitte qucerere, 
 Carm II. xi. 3 ; and omitte quoerere, Carm. III. xxix. 11, in the sense of " dis- 
 continuing." Cave qumras, or qucerere, may be used. 
 
 2. Babylonios...numeros. The calculations of Chaldaean astrologers. Compare S.S. 
 Isaiah, xlvii. 13.) Cp. ' Chaldseorum promissa,' Cic. Tusc. Qu. I. 40. Juv. Vi. 
 553,— 
 
 ' Chaldaais sed major erit fiducia ; quidquid 
 ' Dixerit astrologus credent a fonte relatum 
 ' Hammonis.' And v. 373, — 
 
 ... ' In manibus, ceu pinguia sucina, tritas 
 ' Cernis ephemeridas.' And v. 576, — 
 
 . . . ' Non ibit numeris revocata ThrasylhV 
 7. Fvm loquimur. So Ov. Pont. IV. III. 58, — ' Dum loqueris, fieri tristia posse 
 puta.' 
 
 ib. Fvgerit, " it vrill have," i.e. " it is almost, gone." Orell. Cp. Lucret. ni. 914, — 
 ' Brevis hic est fructus homullis ; 
 ' Jam fuerit, neque post umquam revocare licebit.' 
 Compare, generally, Juv. ix. 126, — 
 
 ' Festinat enim decurrere velox 
 ' Flosculus, angustce miseraeque brevissima vitse 
 ' Portio ; dum bibimus, dum serta, unguenta, puellas 
 ' Poscimus, obrepit non iutellecta senectus.' 
 
 CAHM. XII.— AD AUGUSTUM. 
 
 1—3. Pind. Ohjmp. ii. 1,— 
 
 'Ava£i<p6pfj.iyyes vfivoi riva deov, 
 rlv rjpctia, riva 5' &v5pa KeAab-qcofiev. 
 
 4. Imago, i. e. vocis ; as in Virg. Georg. iv. 50. In the Greek Epigrani,- 
 
 'Hx<*> irer prjeo-o-av 
 
 iravTQiwv ffTOfxdTCov XaXov elnova. 
 
16 NOTES ON THE ODES t BOOK I. xir. 
 
 5. Helicon, in Boeotia, now Zagora. 
 
 6. Pindus, running from north to south, from tho Camhunian range to that of 
 
 Parnassns. 
 ib. Hcemus. The great northern boundary of Thraoe, the Balkan. 
 9. Arte materna, "taught by his mothcr Calliope." Virg. Ecl. iv. 50. 
 11. Blandum...duccre. The inf. after adjectivcs (:i Greek construction) is common 
 with Horace. With similar license, v. 2, celebrarc is for ceLebrand/um. 
 
 13. Cp. Virg. Ecl. iii. 60. 14. Virg. Mn. I. 230. 
 
 19. Comp. Hes. Theog. 896 ; Oall. Lav. Pall. 133 j and PistcZ. Fraj/m. 10,— a^xto-Ta 
 
 5e|taf Karo x € 'P a n&Tpos '/(eat. 
 ib. Proximos. Secundus implies nearness, not so proximus. Compare Virg. JEn. 
 
 v. 320. c Longo sed proximus intervallo,' Cic. Brut. 47 ; Quintil. X. i. 53. But 
 
 a secundus is found v. 51. 
 
 21. Bacchus was famous for his conquests in India. Ov. Met. IV. 20 ; Fast. III. 465. 
 
 22. Inimica...beluis. 6vpokt6vos, Eur. Iph. A. 1570. 
 
 26. Kd(TT0pd 0' iTnr65aixou, Ka\ 7ri/| ayadbu rioAuSeu/cea. Hom. IZ. 7. 237 ; Ov. Met. 
 
 VIII. 301 ; Fasti, v. 7C0, ' Pugnis,' from nom. ' pugnus.' 
 
 27. J.Z6a. ' Admisso Lucifcr aZbits equo.' Ov. Trist. III. V. 56. 
 
 28. sg. T7ieoc. xxn. 17 ; Eurip. Elect. 1347. 
 
 30. Concidunt. ' Cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor.' Virg. JEn. 1. 154. 
 
 32. JJnda recumbit. tt6utos eV fxeo~r)ufipiua?s Ko'nais aKVfjioov vnuiuois evSoi ireawu. 
 JEsch. Ag. 566. 
 
 33. Romulus ; Numa ; Tarquinius. Virg.Mn. vi. 782, 811, 818. The two first, 
 
 'Ille bello, hic pace, civitatem auxerunt.' Liv. 1. 21. 
 
 34. Superbos. Sc. 'Magnificos et terrorem incutientes fasces autem isti 
 
 ' perquam apte hic commemorantur siquidem Tarq. Priscus eos ex Tarquiniis 
 ' Bomam intulisse ferebatur.' [0.] Some have thought that there is a double 
 allusion here (a question which arises also on C. IY. Vin. 17,) and that a 
 reference to the title of the second Tarquin is included. 
 
 35. Catonis. ' Neque hic nec, Od. II. 1. 24. Horatius audacior fuit Virgilio, 
 JEn. viii. 670 : Secretosque pios, his dantem jura Catonem.' [0.] 
 
 36. Cp. Cic. ad Fam. ix. 18, and Tusc. Qu. 1. 30, where, though condemning suicide, 
 
 he excuses Cato. 
 
 37. M. Atilius Regidus. Carm. III. v. 10, sqq. ' Consul iterum,' b. c. 256 ; sent 
 
 back to Eome, 250 B. c. 
 
 ib. Scauros. An old patrician family of the gens Mmilia. The most distinguished 
 of the name was censor b.c. 109, and princeps senatus. 
 
 38. L. 2Em. Paidlus. Slain at Cannse, B.c. 216. ' Animae prodige.' Ov. Ara, III. 
 IX. 64. So, i|/ux e ' WJ/ ur,K€Ti (peidoustoi, Tyrtceus, VII. 14 ; tyvxn* acpeiSTjaauTe, 
 Soph. Elect, 980. Doering refers to Silius Ital, 1. 225, (' Prodiga gens animee et 
 
 . properare facillima mortem.') Statius uses ' largus animse ' in this sense, 
 describing Capaneus in Theb. 111. 603. Cp. Sall. Catil. 61, — ' Ita cuncti suae 
 hostiumque vitse juxta pepercerant.' 
 
 40. C. Fabricius Luscinus. ' Paryoque potentem Fabricium.' Virg. JEn. VI. 844. 
 Consul b.c 278, in the war with Pyrrhus. 
 
 41. Incomptis. A sign of the old regime, as vv. 43, 44, expressing the ancient 
 
 hardihood and simplicity, celebrated in Virg. Georg. 11. 533. 
 
 ib. Manius Curius Dentatus, Consul B. c. 275, and conqueror of Pyrrhus at 
 Beneventum. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. xii. 17 
 
 42. M. Furius CamiUus. Mentioned again with Curius, — 'maribus Cnriis et decantata 
 
 Camillis/ E. I. i. 64. The captor of Veii, the deliverer of Rome from the 
 Gauls, five times dictator : died in 365 b. c. 
 
 43. Paupertas. ' Paupertas Eomana,' Juv. VI. 294. ' Facunda virorum paupertas/ 
 
 Luc. Phars. i. 165. 
 
 45. Velut arbor. Pind. Nem. viii. 40, — 
 
 av^erai S' apeTa, xAcuoats iepcrais 
 ws 6Ve SeVSpeov qcrcrei. 
 
 45 — 48. M. Claud. Marcellus. Virg. JEn. Vi. 856. Five times consul, victorious at 
 Nola, conqueror of Syracuse. " His fame (crescitj is sustained still ;" an 
 especial compTiment to the young Marcellus, husband of Julia (see the well- 
 known JEn. A r T. 870, 884,) to whom by some the phrase Julium sidus is thought 
 i o refer, on account of his marriage with Julia. Others refer it to the whole 
 gens Julia, but most to Julius Caesar. Perhaps the phrase was chosen as 
 designedly equivoeal, and capable of various or wider application. It is 
 observed by Orelli, how rarely there is mention in Horace or Virgil of Julius 
 Ceesar, as if such mention might give umbrage to Augustus. 
 
 47. Sidus. This may be merely a metaphor, as in Ovid, Trist. II. 167, — ' Sidus 
 juvenile, nepotes ;' and again, Pont. III. m. 27, — ' sidus Fabias, Maxime, 
 gentis, ades.' But it is more probably an allusion (as in Virgil, Ecl. ix. 47 ; 
 JEn. Viii. 681 ; and Propert. IV. VI. 59) to the comet which was seen during 
 the games of Venus Genetrix, held by Augustus in commemoration of Jul. 
 
 Caesar. ' (Sidus crinitum per septem dies conspectum : significari 
 
 ' vulgus credidit Caesaris animam iriter Deorum immortalium numina receptam.' 
 Plin. N. H. ii. 23 ; Cp. Sueton. J. C. 88.) Henceforth a star was set on the 
 forehead of Ca3sar's statue in the Forum. 
 
 48. Sappho, Fragm. 3, — 
 
 acrTtpes p.\v afxcpl naKav creXavav 
 a^ ait oKpvivToicri cpaevvbv eidos 
 OTTiroTav TT\r)6oicra jxa\icrTa Xanirr). 
 
 ib. Tater ignis Luno.m. Compare the title of the moon, ' Astrorum decus/ Virg. 
 Mn. IX. 405. JEsch. S. C. Th. 385, irpecr&icrTov acrTpwv. 
 
 5i. Justo, " regular, full, complete," in which senses this adj. is attached to such 
 nouns as exercitus, legio, acies, prcelium, victoria. Such is the sense in which 
 'justo Marte ' has been conjecturally (but improperly) read in C. IV. n. 14. 
 
 55. Subjectos...or<2, " under the edge, or extremity, of the East." Cp. Ov. Trist. I. 
 
 iii. 19, — ' Libycis aberat diversa sub oris.' Virg. G. ni. 381, — ■ Septem sub- 
 jecta Trioni Gens.' 
 
 56. Seras et Indos. Virg. Georg. n. 122 — 4, — ' Extremi sinus orbis.' 
 
 57. Te minor, "inferior to you alone." Carm,. TII. vi. 5 ; Ov. Fast. n. 131, — 
 
 ' Hoc tu per terras, quod in sethere Juppiter alto, 
 ' Nomen habes ; hominum tu pater, ille Deum.' 
 And Met. xv. 858 — 
 
 ' Juppiter arces 
 ' Temperat sethereas et mundi regna triformis : 
 ' Terra sub Augusto : pater est et rector uterque.' 
 
 59. Parwm castis, i.e. "profaned." 
 
 60. Lucis, especially " consecrated groves ;" so distinguished by Tibull. III. in. 
 
 15,— ' Nemora sacros imitantia lucos.' Cp. Virg. 2En. v.*761 ; Hor C III 
 
 iv. 6. 
 
].x NOTES ".v 77//: 0DE8: BOOK l. «n, mt. 
 
 CAK.M. XIII.— AI) L1 MAM. 
 
 2. Roseam. &o Vvrg. JEn. I. 4/02, — ' rosea cervice refulsit.' Cp. a^oS^xpws 'EA«Vo, 
 Theocr. xvm. 31. 
 
 ?'&. Cerea, " smooth, delicate ;" or it may be " waxon in oolour." Cp. the use of 
 
 wax as a cosmetic, — ' Inducta candorem quaerere cera.' Ov. A. A. m. 109. 
 4. Hom. II. t. 642, — olSdveTat Kpaolrj x°^V* 
 
 6. Manet. Orelli supports the reading manent, inconsistently with his own remark 
 on Carm. I. xxiv. 8. Bentley considers it a mere copyisfs correction, and 
 shows that the Latin usuage does not admit a plural verb after nouns coupled 
 by negatives. Madvig quotes (Lat. Gr. s. 213^ an exception, from Terev.ce, Ad. 
 I. li. 23, where the nominatives are of different persons. His quotation of 
 Cicero is at least doubtful. An instance of the construction in Greek may be 
 
 found in Eur. Alcest. 360, quoted by Porson on Hec. 86. Instances of r\ i), 
 
 followed by a plnral, are found in Horn. II. v. 138 ; 2Esch. Supjpl. 727. As an 
 instance of Horatian usage, comp. C. III. x, 16, — ' curvat.' 
 
 ib. Humor. Wagner writes ' umor, umidus :' but Varro (de L. Lat. v. 241) retains 
 the aspirate, deriving the word from ' h/u/mus* His authority is good for the 
 fact, if not for the root. If the true root is x«", X^^s, there is reason for the h. 
 
 8. Macero. Used again, Epod. xiv. 36. Properly, " to soften by steeping ;" 
 
 hence, " to waste or wear away." Cp. Theocr. m. 17, — 1'^coto 
 
 os /xe KaTaafxvxtov Ka\ is octt£ov &XP IS ioiirTei. 
 And, — ' Like covered fire, 
 
 1 Consume away in sighs, icaste imcardly.' 
 
 Shakesp. ' Much Ado,' A. in. Sc. i. 
 
 12. Cp. Ov. Am. I. vii. 41 ; and Tibvll. I. vi. 14,—' Uvor,' (U. " the hvid mark,") 
 ' abiret Quem facit impresso mutua dente Venus.' 
 
 15. Catul. xcix. 2, — ' Saviolum dulci dulcius ambrosia.' ■ 
 
 16. Quinta parte, may be represented by " cpi.intessence," the modern, but obsolete 
 term of chemistry, expressing spii-it rectified to the utmost, (i.e. the essence 
 from five distillations.) The phrase in Horace is probably adapted from the 
 Aristotelian notion of a irep.TVTi] ovcria, (the ' quintum genus e quo essent astra 
 mentesque.' Cic. Acad. I. 8; where see Do.vis' note,) viz. "a fifth and superior 
 element or essence," the etherial. 
 
 17. This may be taken from Homer Od. C 181, — 
 
 6,uo(ppoavi>r]v oirdaeiav (sc. Qeo\) 
 ioBXriv ' ov fxr)v yap tov ye Kpiiccrov Kal dpeiov 
 r) '66' 5/uLO(ppov4ovTt vor)fj.aaiv oTkov exwrov 
 avrjp i)Se yvvr). 
 
 CAEM. XIY.— AD REMPOLICAM. 
 
 In Sextum Pompeinm civile bellum renovantem. 
 
 That this is an allegory is clear ; and it is quoted as snch by Quintilian, VIII. 
 VI. 44. That it is (in part) an imitation of Alcceus, Fragm. 18, is also clear; but 
 whether it is rightly referred to Pompeius (as in the title,) or to what conjuncture 
 of events it does belong, is and mnst be doubtful. See however the Essay, trans- 
 lated by Buttmann, in the Philological Museum, Yol. I. p. 483. There it is 
 supposed that Horace is addressing the party who with bim had fought under 
 
NOTES ON THE OBES : BOOK I. xiv, xv. 19 
 
 Brutus, had been broken at Philippi, and now again nnder S. Ponipey made head 
 against the new rulers of the State. He would dissuade them from an enterprise 
 which he withdrew from, yet could not blame ; which he must regard with fear, 
 yet with sympathy. Pontica (v. 11) is thought to contain a double meaning ; — 
 Pompey the Great having gained his chief glories in the conquest of Pontus ; his 
 son Sextus heading the same constitutional party, or the remains of it. 
 
 1. These naval metaphors are drawn out to great length in Sliakespeard s Henry 
 
 VI. Pt. III. Act v. Sc. 4,— 
 
 ' What though the mast be now blown overboard, 
 1 The cable broke, the holding anchor lost, 
 ' And half our sailors swallowed in the flood ? 
 ' Yet lives our pilot still.' 
 
 2. Fortiter occupa, " make every effort to get into port while you can." In Epist. 
 
 I. vi. 31, — " take care to get in first." Occupo is simply=^>0aj/a> in Carm. II. 
 xii. 28. 
 
 6. Funibus, used for " under-girding the ship," as in the Acts of the Apostles, ch. 
 xxvn. 17. 
 
 10. " You will have no fresh deities to invoke, if again overtaken by calamity." 
 
 ib. Bi, sc. ' tutelares.' Cp. Ov. Epist. xvi. 112, — ' Accipit et pictos puppis adunca 
 Deos.' Cp. also Pers. Sat. vi. 30, — 
 
 ' Jacet ipse in litore, et una 
 ' Ingentes de puppe Dei.' 
 
 11. Pontica. Pontus was famous for its ship-timber. Catull. iv. 9. 
 
 16. Bebes ludibrium. A phrase founded on the Gr. 6cp\e?i> yeXcjra, Eurip. Med. 403. 
 
 " If you are not destined to become the sport of the winds, beware." Orelli 
 explains ' nisi debes ' as equivalent to ' ne debeas,' in which case debere is 
 exactly b<p\i(TK.a.veiv. 
 
 17, 18. i. e. I have borne my part in the civil war, and mourn for the friends I 
 
 have lost, and their losses,— ' quorum pars magna fui.' 
 
 20. i. e. Dangerous seas, full of straits and shoals. 
 
 ib. Cyclades, the islands (£v kvkXu)) round Delos. Virg. 2E)i. m. 126, — 
 
 ' Sparsasque per aequor 
 ' Cycladas.et crebris legimus freta concita terris.' 
 
 CARM. XV.— NEREI VATICINIUM DE EXCIDIO TROJ^. 
 
 1. Pastor. Virrj. JEn. vii. 363. 
 ib. Traheret. 'Frequens de feminis raptis verbum, ut eKKeiv.' - Cp. Tac. Ann. n. 13. (0.) 
 
 5. Mala..,avi, "with evil auspices." Cp. Epod. x. 1; and Sixropvis cxraro, Eur. 
 
 Hippol. 760; 'bonis avibus,' Ov. Fast. i. 513. 
 
 6. Cp. Ov. Epist, v. 91. 
 
 ib. Quam, " one whom," — a harsh construction. 
 
 7. Eumpere. An instance of zeugma. For the construction, comp. Virg. Geor. i. 
 280, — ' conjuratos caslum rescindere fratres.' 
 
 9. Equis. . . . viris, " horse and foot," used as proverbial by Cicero,— 'viris equisque 
 ut dicitur . . . decertandum est.' Off. m. 33. 
 Cf. Hom, II, j8. 388, 390,— 
 
 ISpctxrei n4v reu reha,ucbv afupl ari]d((rai' 
 lopcaaa 5 e rev 'ittttos 
 
20 NuTES ON THE 0DE8: BOO& I. xv. 
 
 10. Moves. Movere is " to set in motion, fco gire occasion for, to begin." Oc. Fatt, 
 
 iv. 820, — ' inde movetur opus.' /</. i. \'.>, — ' pagina. . .moretnr.' 
 
 ib. Quanta moves. Cp. Eur. Hec. 629, *</., — ifiol xpv" ovfxcpopdv, k. t. \. 
 
 11. jEgida. Carm. III. ni. 57. See Hom. 11. e. 738; and Ewr. Ton, 996. 
 
 13. Cp. Hom. II. y. 51 — 
 
 ouk 6.u toi xp&' LO ~l- i V K^Oapis rd t( SaJo' ' AcppoSiT-ns 
 t}t€ K6/*-n t6 t€ elSos ot* iv Kovlr\o-i jxiyei-ns. 
 
 15. Carmina divides, i.e. accompany your harp with singing. The dative fenwnia ia 
 thought by many to be governed by divides as well as by graia \ und the 
 phrase is compared with Carm. I. xxxvi. 6, — ' dividit oscula ;' i.e. gives now 
 to one, now to another. *But it seems preferable to understand the verb in a 
 strictly musical sense ; and so our old English authors, by their imitations, 
 evidently understood it. So Spenser, F. Qu. I. v. 17, — 
 
 ' And all the while most heavenly melody 
 
 ' About the bed sweet music did divide.' 
 Again (with moi'e precision of phrase), — 
 
 ' Sweet music did divide 
 
 ' Her looser notes with Lydian harmony.' 
 Milton, Ode on the Passion, st. 1, has, — 
 
 ' My muse with angels did divide to sing ;' 
 where perhaps the word means simply took part. 
 
 The noun division is used in Shalcespeare (Rom. and Jul. Act, iii. Sc. 1.) as a 
 purely musical term, for " singing many notes on one syllable ; a kind of 
 warbling." (See the note in Knighfs or in Malone's edition.) Orelli's note 
 is, — ' Cantus vocalis et citharse soni inter se conjuncti totam emciunt 
 'symphoniam; jam singulatim spectatis his partibus, aoiZr\v dividit citharce 
 ' cantus, aoiSrj citharce sonos ; i.e. altera utra dimidia totius symphonise pars 
 < est.' 
 18. Celerem. This epithet suits Ajax 0'ileus, not Telamonius.. Hom. H. fS. 527. 
 
 20. Pulvere collines. Hom. II. ir. 795, — fJndvOvo-av Se edeipai a'1/xaTi Kal Kovtvfft. Cp. 
 Virg. 2En. XII. 99, — 'foedare in pulvere crines ;' and Pind,. Nem. i. 68. 
 
 22. Genti. This construction may be allowed as a Graecism ; but I remark that, 
 in all Orellfs citations, except the first and two last.from Tacitus, also in V. 11, 
 there is a verb to govern. 
 
 The best of Orelli's MSS, b, s, t, c, read gentis.. Bentley's j3, k, and Hl. A. 
 genti ; and excidium, for exitium. 
 
 ib. Respicis. Cf. Virg. 2En. viii. 697, — ' Necdum etiam geminos a tergo respicit 
 angues.' This usage of respicio is strikingly poetic : it accords, however, with 
 the ordinary Greek usage of oiriaco, to denote future time. 
 
 24. Teucer et. I have followed Orelli's reading. There is fair authority for te, if it 
 had not the appearance of being a correction. Bentley's reading, Teucerque 
 et, is still more open to this objection; yet it corresponds closely with Ga/rm. 
 IV. xiv. 45, though he does not allege the passage in support of it. 
 
 ib. Sthenelus. Hom. II. £. 564 ; e. 108. 
 
 ib. Sciens puqnai. udxvs eu etSoVe irdo-ns, Hom. II. e. 549. 
 
 27. Nosces. So Hom. II. o. 270, — eS vv tls avrbv yvcboeTai. 
 
 ib. Furit te reperire. Cp. Hom. II. y. 449, — 
 
 'ATpeidvs S' av o/j.l\ov ecpoira, Br\p\ ioiKdos, 
 
 e% ttov iaaOp-fjoeLev 'AXe^avSpov "9eoet5e'a. 
 27. Atrox. &ypios alxmr-ns. Hom. II. (. 97. 
 
 * I have only lately seen a system of notes and passages, illustrating the Odes of Horace, 
 nublisheu at Oxford, i83S, by Rev. J. Howell. He lias anticipated me in these and some olher 
 quotations, and maintains this interprctation of divides, but I did not borrow from him. (Oct. 
 lfcGO.) 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. ~xv, xvi. 21 
 
 28. ivaTepcop p.iy aixzivovzs. Hom. II. 5. 405. Odyss. /3. 277, — iravpoi 8e' tc irarphs 
 
 apeiovs ; and J"iw. XIV. 214. \ 
 
 29. Cervus ... lupum. Hom. II. ir. 352. 
 
 32. JTom. II. 7. 430 — 
 
 i" ^ey S^ Trpfv 7' evx* ' kpm<pihov Meve\dov 
 o-p Te fity na\ X*P°~^ K0 ^ *?X €t (pipTepos elvai. 
 
 CARM. XVI.-PALINODIA AD TYNDAKIDEM. 
 
 The title " Ad Tyndaridem " is doubtful. It is perhaps borrowed from the 
 next Ode, v. 10. If genuine, it implies a Greek original. The poem is called, by 
 the Scholiast and Gesner, an imitation of Stesichorus, of whose palinode see men- 
 tion at Epod. xvn. 42. 
 1. Pulchra. . .pulchrior. Ov. Her. xVi. 85 ; and Virg. 2En. vn. 657. 
 
 3. Iambis, " satiric verse." Ov. Rem. Am. 377, — 
 
 ' Liber in adversos hostes stringatur iambus ; 
 
 ' Seu celer, extremum seu trahat ille pedem.' 
 
 ib. Flamma...mari. Cp. Tibull. I. ix. 49. 
 
 5. Dindymene, Cybele, worshipped in Phrygia, especially on M. Dindynius. For 
 Cybele and her rites, see Catull. C. lxiii. 
 
 8 Si, for sic, is a mere conjecture. The idiom of sic geminant cera, for sic quatiunt 
 geminando mra, may be compared with S. I. vi. 90. 
 
 ib. Mra, " their cymbals." Ov. Fast. iv. 209—213. Lucret. 11. 618 ; 635, — 
 * Cum pueri circum puerum pernice chorea 
 ' Armatei in numerum pulsarent seribus aera.* 
 
 9 — 13. i.e. " Which no power can quell, whether human or natural." In Soph. 
 Antig. 953, the resistless power of fate is expressed under similar images, — 
 
 OVT &V VLV 0/j.fipos ovT^Apws 
 
 0t> TTVpjOS OVX a\'lKTV1T0L 
 
 KeXaival vaes 4k(j>v-)ol€v. 
 Cp. Eur. Alc. 980. 
 
 13. Principi limo, " his first or chief material, clay." Soph. Fragm. 432, — Kal irpunov 
 
 apxov TT7]Xbv opydfciv x^P 0lv - 
 Cp. tov irr}\oir\do~Tov ffTrepfxaTos Ovvt^j yvvrj, (sc. Pandora.) JEsch. Frag. 362. 
 So irhdo-nara irr)\ov, Arist. Av. 686. So Call. Fragm. 133. 
 
 14. Coactus addere, " when forced to add." 
 
 15. Et. Adverbially used, as etiam : " to have added m particular the lion's fury." 
 
 16. Hence stomachus is used for " anger," esr>. in Cicero, — ' iracundia et stomachus/ 
 
 . . . 'stomachum erumpere.' Verr. 11. 20. Att. xvi. 3. 
 
 17. Thyestes, whose cbildren his brother Atreus murdered, and dressed their flesh 
 for eating. See ' cena Thyestse,' Ars P. 91. 
 
 18. TJltvmkB, " the ultimate, or original cause." 
 
 Cp. Eur. Arch. Fr. 36, — iroWovs 5' 6 dvfxbs 6 fxeyas &\e<rev PpoTwv. 
 
 20. Imprimeret. Cp. ' pressit aratro,' Prop. III. Vii. 41. 
 
 22. Soph. Antig. 718, — &AA' el«e dvfxQ Ka\ fxeTaiTTaffLV didov. 
 
 ib. Me quoque, etc. Archiloch. Fr. 68, — "Hfxfi\aKov Kai ttov tiv* &Wov t\<¥ &\tj 
 KLX"h<ra.To. 
 
 24. Celeres. ' Pes citus,' Ars P. 252. Cp. Ovid, quoted on v. 3 ; but here more 
 probably " hasty, impetuous," as in E. I. xvin. 90. 
 
22 NOTES OS THE ODES: WOOK I. xvn. 
 
 CABM. XVII.- AD TYNDAUIDEM. 
 
 ' Amicam in Sabinum suum invitat.' Orell. See v. 10. 
 
 1. Lucretilem, a hill in the Sabine territory, near Horace's estatc. 
 
 2. Muto, "to exchange," or " take in exchange;" commonlythe latter in Horace ; 
 
 e.g. Carm. II, xn. 23 ; III. i. 47. 
 
 ib, Lycceo, in Arcadia, whence Faunus is called Lycceus. Ov. Fast. u. 424:. 
 
 A contrary instance in the last Ode, v. 26. As used of " quitting place for 
 place," Cp. Carm. II. xyi. 19 ; and Gr. a/xeijSo?, as Eurip. Bacch. 65. 
 
 3. Defendit, " keeps off." So Sat. I. m. 14 ; Virg. Ecl. vn. 47 ; from ' de-fendo,' 
 
 obsol. Offendo is another compound, and infensus another, in the participial 
 form. 
 
 7. Mariti, " the he-goat," £> rpdye, rav \evKav alyav avcp, Theocr. viii. 49; ' vir 
 gregis.' Virg. Ecl. vn. 7. 
 
 9. Hcedilia. A hill or wood in the neighbourhood. So Orelli explains and de- 
 fends the MS. reading, which Bentley altered into hcedulece, a dimin. formed 
 from hcedus, " a kid." 
 [The MS. k. has a gloss here, curious for its confusion of sense, prosody, and 
 analogy, — e edilia ab edis, ut ovilia oh ove.'~\ 
 
 10. Tyndaris. ' Quasi altera Helena.' Orell. 
 
 11. Usticce, 2b valley (still Val d'Ustica). Cubantis. Cp. Theocr. xiii. 40, — fnievy iv 
 X&py ; and Lucret. iv. 517, — c cubantia tecta.' 
 
 15. Ad plenum. Virg. Georg. n. 244. " Plenty shall flow forth to you, rich with 
 all the produce of the country." 
 
 The comu copice, the fabled horn of the goat which fostered Jupiter, broken oflf 
 and filled with fruits : then, the emblem of plenty. Ov. Fast. v. 123, — 
 ' Lac dabat illa Deo, sed fregit in arbore cornu : * * * 
 ' Sustulit hoc Nymphe ; cinctumque recentibus herbis 
 ' Et plenum pomis ad Jovis ora tulit.' 
 
 Byron thus describes Florence (Ch. Uarold, iv. 48) : 
 
 ' Girt by her theatre of hills, she reaps 
 
 ' Her corn and wine and oil, and Plenty leaps 
 
 ' To laughing life, with her redundant horn.' 
 
 18. Fide Teia, " with the string (i.e. lyre) of Anacreon of Teos ;" i.e. in a love 
 song. He flourished B.c. 530 : fragments only of his poetry remain. The 
 Odes which pass under his name are spurious. 
 
 ib. 'Avanpeoov 6 Ttjios. Aristoph. Tliesm. 161. ' Lyrici Teia musa senis/ Ov. Trist. n. 
 364. So Bappho, Fragm. 30. 
 
 21. See Virg. Geor. n. 90, — ' Yindemia...Quam Methymnaso carpit de palmite 
 Lesbos.' 
 
 22. Semeleius . . .Thyoneus. Thyone was another name for Semele, mother of Bacchus. 
 
 For a ]ist of the names of Bacchus, see Ovid, Metam. iv. 11. Two occur in 
 the next ode, — Euhius, from the cry sbol ; and Bassareus, from the "wolf- 
 skin" (fSao-o-apls) worn by the Thracian Bacchanalians ; whence ^acaapiw, 
 Anacr. Frag. 63. 
 
 26,27. Allusions to violence of this kind are seen above in C. I. xui. 9; Propert. 
 II. v. 21 ; Ov. Am. I. vn. 3: Tibull. I. x. 55—61. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. xvm, xix. 
 
 CAEM. XVIII.— AD VARTJM. 
 
 Variis. Perhaps Quinctilius Varus, of Cremona, whose death (in b.c. 24) is 
 lamented in Carm. xxiv. He had a villa at Tibnr. See Walckn. vol. i. p. 463. 
 
 Heyne's Second Excursus ad Bucolica Virg. distinguishes the persons of this 
 name. 
 
 1. From Alcceus, Fr. 44, — MiqQev &AAo (pvTevays irp6repov ozvopiov ajxireXu. 
 
 2. Mite solwm, i H e. "a genial soil," one which answers to cultivation. Cp. the 
 
 nse of mitigo, and^see note on E. II. II. 186. 
 
 ib. See on Co.rm. I. vn. 13. Catilius, another form for Catillus. 
 
 3. Siccis, " the abstemious," Carm. IV. V. 39 ; the converse of uvidus. Cp. Pers. 
 v. 163, — ' An siccis dedecus obstem 
 
 Cognatis ?' 
 ' Sicci' and ' vinolenti ' are contrasted in Cic. contra BmUwm, 1 ; and Acad. u. 
 27. 
 ib. Neque ... oMter. Ou§' co-t' &\Ao (pdpjxaKov ttovcov. Eur. Bacch. 283. 
 
 4. 2Iordaces...soll. " eating cares," Milton, in L'AUegro. Cp. Virg. JEn. i. 261, — 
 
 ' cura remordet.' 
 
 7. Cp. (Dr. Badham's reading of) Ev.r. Bo.cch. 860, — 
 
 Aiovvcrov hs irecpvKev ev reXei 6ebs 
 SeivoraTos, evvoovai 8 TjincoTaTos. 
 
 8. The battle at the marriage feast of Pirithous and Hippodamia. Ov. Met. xn. 
 
 210, sqq. 
 
 9. Sitlwniis, " the Thracians," whose excess was proverbial. 
 
 10. Exiguo fine, " by the slight boundary " (or line of separation.) which their 
 passions allow them to observe ; i.e. when their passion bursts over all limits 
 of right and wrong. 
 
 12. Qnatiam. This verb would literally be used of the instruments of the 
 Bacchantes, the tlu/rsi or tyrrvpana, as in Catull. lxiv. 257 ; Ov. Ibis, 458 ; or 
 images, as the Sclwliast says. Here it is transferred to the god himself. 
 
 ib. Obsita frondibus, i.e. " mysteries." Cp. CatuU. lxiv. 261. 
 
 13. Sub divum, i.e. ' in lucem.' 
 
 ib. Berecyntio. The rites of Cybele (celebrated on M. Berecyntus in Phrygia) 
 nearly resembled those of Bacchus : hence they are often mentioned in con- 
 nection, or contrast. So above, Carm. I. xvi. 7, 8. So JEwrirp. Bacch. 75 — 79. 
 
 14. The effects (metaph. " the attendants ") of excess are selfishness, empty 
 vaunting, betrayal of trust. 
 
 CAEM. XIX.— DE GLYCERA. 
 
 Glycera, a Greek name. Again in Carm. I. xxx. 3. Its dhninutive, ' Glycerium, 
 is in Terence's And.ria. 
 
 2. Semeles. ' Codicum consensus favet formse Semelce.' [0.] 
 
 4. Alcman. Frogm. 20. 
 
 6. Cp. ' Mo.rmorea cervice,' Virg. G. iv. 523 ; Ov. F. iv. 135. 
 
24 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK 1. xix \xi. 
 
 8. Lubricus. Properly ased of "dippery gronnd"; henoe, " unsafe," i.e. of dan- 
 gerous power or fasoination; or it may be explained as "a face, one look on 
 wliirh mdkes me glide ihto love ;" (in Art qf Latvn Poetry, Ocmibr.) Chatterton 
 translated this Jine by " tho softness of each frequent smile," as thongh 
 ' lnbricns' could mean thc ohangefal, livelyplay of featnres. [M.] inclines to 
 this interpretation, qnoting ' ocnlos lubricos et mobiles ' from Cic. N. D. II. 
 51. Martial has borrowed the word, ' dum vultus lubricus,' IX. lvii. 11; 
 probably in the sense of " smooth." 
 
 9. Tota ruens, i.e. with all her power. Eur. Hvpp. 443, 1}v ttoW^ f>vrj. Similar con- 
 
 struction, Sat. I. vii. 28; and ' magnumque fluentem Nilnm.' Virg. <J. iii. 28. 
 
 10. Cyprum. Alcman. Fr. 10, — Kvirpov !/j.epTai/ Mirolo-a Kal Ud<pov ircpippvrdv. 
 
 11. Virg. 0. III. 31. (Comp. the description of Camilla, 2En. xi. 654) ; Ov. Fast. v. 
 591 ; A. Am. i. 210. 
 
 13. Cods^item. Cp. ' Festus promissa Deis animalia caespes Expectat.' Juv. xll. 2. 
 
 14. Verlenas, herbs torn up with their roots and earth from some sacred place. 
 See the word sagmina in the Dict. of Antiquities. Cp. Virg. Ecl. VIII. 65, — 
 ' Verbenasque adole pingues et mascula thura.' 
 
 ib. Tlvuraque. I cite tura here and elsewhere among the v r. : it is the form 
 preferred by Wagner, and see Cicero's rule in Orator, xlviii, 160. But 
 Forbiger allows (Virg. l.c.) ' forma aspirata,' i.e. ' Graeca, Servio teste, est anti- 
 quior ;' and Fea attests it here, — ' tum ex optimis MSS., tum ex marraoribus 
 scriptis passim.' 
 
 16. Hostia. The Scholiast observes on this, that the sacrifices offered to Venus 
 were unbloody: and so Catullus says, — 'Placabis festis luminibus Venerem 
 sanguinis expertem,' lxvi. 90. Tacitus (Hist. n. 3.) speaks of victims, but 
 also of the altar being unstained, — ' Paphiae Veneri hostiae, ut quisquc vovit, 
 sed mares deliguntur. . . . Sanguinem arae offundere vetitum; precibus et igne 
 puro altaria adolentur.' But see Ovid. Fast. i. 452, — ' Uritur Idaliis alba 
 columba focis.' With which compare Propert. V. v. 65. 
 
 CARM. XX.— AD M.ECENATEM. 
 
 1. Vile...8abinum. 'Vinum Tiberi devectum,' Juv. vll. 121 (where see Moyor^s 
 note.) 
 
 2. Cantharis. Virg. Ecl. VI. 17, — ' Et gravis attrita pendebat cantharus ansa.' 
 ib. Grasca, " which had held Greek wine before." 
 
 3. Levi, " smeared," i.e. sealed. Carm. III. vin. 10. Its compound relino is 
 
 " to unseal ;" ' relevi dolia omnia.' Ter. Heaut. III. I. 51. 
 
 4. After a dangerous illness, on his first appearance in the theatre, Maecenas was 
 received with a round of applause, a mark of popularity again alluded to 
 Carm. II. xvn. 25. 
 
 5. Paterni, " ancestral," alluding to Mascenas ' Etruscan origin. Tuscus is the 
 epithet of the Tiber in C. III. VII. 28 ; and Virg. G. I. 499. 
 
 CARM. XXI.— IN DIANAM ET APOLLINEM. 
 
 A festal hymn (as entitled), or rather an address to the chorus employed to sing 
 at the rites. This is an example of the class of poems referred to Epist. II. I. 132. 
 
 2. Irdonsum, i.e. "the beardless, youthfnl deity." Tibull. I. IV. 38. Gr. a/ce/xre/c^^j. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. xxi, xxn. 25 
 
 3. Avtcj...A(os Kvdptjv irapaKOiTtu. Hom. Od. \. 579; tj Aios Bd/xap AtjtcS, Eur. Iph. 
 i. 385. Add Call. in Delum, 57. 
 
 6. Algidus, a mountain of Latium, mentioned, as sacred to Diana, Car. Scec. 69. 
 
 7. Erymanthus, in Arcadia. Cp. Hom. Od. £. 103. 
 
 8. Cragus, in Lycia. 
 
 9. Vos...mares. The youths celebrate Apollo, as the virgins Diana. Compare 
 Soph. Trach. 207—214, 
 
 10. Ar)\ov 'AttSWuvos KovpoTp6cpov. Call. in Delwm, 276. 
 
 12. Carm. I. x. 6, The lyre is said to have been the invention of Mercury, and his 
 gift to Apollo. 
 
 13. These deities are invoked together against the pestilence, as a\e£(fiopoi, Soph* 
 
 (Ed. Tyr. 164. 
 
 ib. Lacrimosum,, SaKpv6evTa,Hom, H. e. 737 j iroXvfiaKpvv, II, 6. 515; ' lacrimabile/ 
 Virg. Mn,, VII. 604. 
 
 14. Et princvpe is the correct reading : in the Text et has been accidentally 
 
 omitted. ' Scaliger delendnm censnit et sed Codicnm lectio teneriorem 
 
 prsebet sensnm, qnia Caesar ita cnm pop. Eomano artissime conjnngitnr. 5 [0.] 
 
 CAKM. XXII.— AD AEISTIUM FUSCTJM. 
 
 Aristius Fuscus, a poet and friend of Horace, mentioned again in Sat, I, ix. 61 j 
 
 I. x. 83 ; and Ejpist. i. 10. 
 
 3. Venenatis. A mention of poisoned arrows is made in Hora. Od. a 262 ; bnt 
 only (as is observed in Hayman's note) in a fictitions narrative, and as a 
 thing odious to the gods. Virgil speaks of such in three places ; Mn. ix. 773 ; 
 x. 140 ; and XI. 857. So Ovid. Pont. IV. vn. 11, — ' Aspicis (sc. in Scythia) et 
 mitti sub adunco toxica ferro,' Toxicum indeed is most probably derived from 
 To'|a. 
 
 5. ZEstuosas. Carm. II. vii. 16. Orelli prefers the sense of " burning," quoting 
 Carm. I. xxxi. 5 ; Cic. ad Att. V. xiv. 1 ; Catull. vn. 4. 
 
 6, 7. Caucasum, the great range between the Black and the Caspian Seas, rising 
 
 to the height of 9600 Peet. Virg. JEn. IV. 366, — ' Cautibus horrens Caucasus. 5 
 
 ib. Inhospitalem. Gi\ a£evov, airdvOpcoTrov. Cp. Msch. P.V. 20; Theocr. Id, xin. 
 75. 
 
 8. Hydasjies, now "the Jhylum, 5 ' the Avesteimmost of the five rivers of the 
 Punjab. 
 
 11. Curis...exped-itis, for the more usual or prose construction, expeditus. Orell. Cf. 
 Catul. xxxi. 7, — ' O quid solutis est beatius curis.' 
 
 14. Daunias, a Greek adjective form : ' Daunias tellus/ for Daunia, a part of 
 
 Apulia. 
 
 ib. JEsculetis, cesculus, Gr. <pr)y6s, — ' Xemorum qure maxima frondet. 5 Virg. Georg. 
 
 II. 16, 291. The tallest species of oak, the Itahan oak, with edible acorns. 
 
 15. Jubce tellus, i.e. " Africa. 5 ' 
 
 17. " Place me in the most uninhabitable (domibus negata) corners of the earth, in 
 " the frigid or the torrid zone : still shall I love Lalage.' 5 The sentiment is 
 thus paraphrased by Cowper in Table Talk, — 
 
 ' Place me where winter breathes his keenest air, 
 
 ' And I will sing, if Liberty be there ; 
 
 ' And I will sing at Liberty's dear feet 
 
 ' In Afric's torrid clime, or India's fiercest heat.' 
 
 d 
 
2G NOTEB ON THE 0DE8 1 BOOK l. xxn— xxiv. 
 
 Compare fco bhe sentimenl of Vi/rg. Ed. x. 64, — 
 
 'Nonilluin (sr. Amorem) aostri possani mutiiro labores : 
 
 ' Neo si frigoribns mediis Eebrnmqne bibamns 
 
 ' Sithoniasquo nives hiemis snbeamns aqni 
 
 ' Neo si cum moriens alta liber aret in almo, 
 
 1 ^Etliiopum verscmus oves sub sidere Cancri. 
 
 ' Omnia vincit amor.' 
 The full description of the Zones is in Virg. Geo. i. 233 ; and Ovid. Mei. I. 45. 
 Tlie uninhabitable character of the torrid and frigid zones is expressed in 
 prose, Xen. Anab. I. vii. G. 
 
 23. Didce ridentem...loquentem. Imitation of Sappho, Fra.gm. n. 3, — 
 koI irXarlov a.5v (poovotaas iiraKovei, 
 Kal yeXaaas 1/J.ep6ev. 
 
 CARM. XXIII.— AD CHLOEN. 
 
 In part an imitation of Anacreon, Fr. 49. 
 
 1. Inuleo. The omission of the n, in this diminutive from hinnus, (Gr. Ipvos,) 
 seems analogous to the change in forming an/ulus from. annus. The form is 
 authorised by all the best MSS. ; OrelWs B. S. T. and Hl. A. A. adds the 
 gloss, — inuleus, anniculus cervus. 
 
 4. Virg. ffln. II. 728, — ' Nunc omnes terrent aurae, sonus excitat omnis.' Grcnfs 
 Ode on Eton College, — 
 
 ' They hear a voice in every wind, 
 ' And snatch a fearful joy !' 
 
 ib. Siliice. So Oatul. lxvi. 38, — ' dissoliio ;' Ov. Her. xii. 4, — ' evoluisse.' 
 
 5. Veris inhorruit adventus, " the early spring rustles in the leaves." Orell. 
 Cp. the description of the winds, as ' veris comites,' Carm. IV. xii. 1 ; but 
 the mention of the time has perhaps more to do with the first growth of the 
 
 leaf. Bentley's alteration (vejpris ad ventum) is worth noticing, for its 
 
 elegance. Keller and Holden have adopted it, against all MSS. 
 
 ib. Inhorruit. "T^iKO/xop irapa rdpde KaQi^o (pooprieo-crav 
 
 (ppiacrovcrap ttvkipo7s koopop vub (ecpvpois. Plato, Ejpigr. 
 
 7. Cp. Virg. Fcl. II. 9,— 
 
 ' Nunc virides etiam occultant spineta laceftos.' 
 9. Ov. Met. I. 504,— 
 
 ' Nympha precor Penei mane ; non insequor hostis : 
 
 ' Nympha mane : sic agna lupum, sic cerva leonem,' etc. 
 
 10. Frangere persequor. Cp. Virg. Mn. iii. 31, — ' Lentum convellere vimen Insequor.' 
 Frangere. Hom. II. A. 113, — o-vp4a£e Xafiticv. 
 
 12. Tempestiva... viro, " marriageable." Virg. JFn. VII. 53, — ' matura viro.' So in 
 Sopli. Trach. 207, — 6 /j.e\\6vviA(pos, (i.e. " all ye who are marriageable.") 
 
 CAEM. XXIV.— AD YIRGILIUM. 
 
 Publius Virgilius Maro, five years older than Horace. * Mentioned in Sat. I. 
 v, as having introduced him to Msecenas. And see above, Carm. I. III. 8. 
 
 2. Copitis. A phrase less common in Latin than in Greek, — 
 TevKpe, (piKw K^(pa\i}. Hom. 
 
 'lcr/j.ripris Kapa. Soph. 
 
NOTES ON THE OBES : BOOK I. xxiv, xxv. 27 
 
 2. Prcecipe, "lead off :" e^apx^, as m Hom. II. o*. 51. 
 
 5. Perpetuus...urget. Virg. Mn. x. 745-6, — 
 
 ' Olli dura quies oculos et ferreus urget 
 ' Somnus : in seternam clauduntur lumina noctem.' 
 Cp. arepfxova vrjyperov vttvov, Mosch* in Bion. 112. Gray (' Each in his 
 
 narrow cell for ever laid ') has been blamed for adopting the classical phrase, 
 
 without qualification. 
 
 6. Justitice soror. Cp. Cic. Partit. 41, — 'Justitia creditis in rebus ficles 
 
 nominatur.' Off. I. 7, — ' Fundamentum autem est justitiaa fides.' With the 
 whole passage, compare Ov. Am. I. in. 13, — 
 
 ' Et nulli cessura fides, sine crimine mores, 
 
 ' Nudaque simplicitas, purpureusque pudor.' 
 
 7. Nuda Veritas ; i.e. " unadorned truth." 
 
 ' Siccis rustica veritas capillis.' Mo/rt. X. lxxii. 11. 
 11. Frustra pius. Ov. Am. III. IX. 37, — ' Vive pius, moriere pius.' 
 
 ib. Non itoj credMwm. Entrusted to them not so (i. e. not -with any expectation of 
 such bereavement,) but vdth the confident hope that they would protect him. 
 Cp. inf, I. xxxvi. 3. Others take it, " lent to you by them not so (i.e. not as 
 if their claim to dispose of him was surrendered,) but as a loan tobe resumed." 
 With the latter interpi-etation we might compare the metaphor in Cic. Tusc. 
 Q. i. 39, — ' Usuram vitge nulla prsestituta die. Quid est quod querare si 
 repetit cum vult ?' The first interpretation has some analogy to Virg. JE;i. n. 
 51, — ' Ml jam cselestibus ullis Debentem ;' i. e. owing them nothing, as no 
 longer dependent on their care ; having, as we say, " paid the debt of Nature." 
 
 13. Cp. Virg. Mn. vi. 119, — ' Si potuit manes arcessere conjugis Orpheus, 
 ' Threicia fretus cithara fidibusque canoris.' 
 And Eur. Ipli. Aul. 1211, — ii fihv rbv 'Opcpecos elxov, £> Trdrep, \6yov, k. t. \. 
 15. Vance...imagini, "the lifeless shade." Cp. Msch. Agarn. 1019, — 
 t^» 5' inl yav Treabv aira^ Qavacriixov 
 TrpoTrdpoiQ' avdpbs fxeKav al/xa ris av 
 irdhiv ay KaXeaair' iiraeiduv ; 
 So Eumen. 647; Eur. Suppl. 776. The sentiment, clothed in another 
 metaphor, is in Shalcesp. Othello, Act v. Sc. 2, — " Once put out thine," &c. 
 
 16—18. Pind. 01. ix. 33,— 
 
 fipSTea aujxaQ'' a Kardyei 
 KolXav irpbs ayvidv dvaaKOVTWv. 
 
 18. Compulerit. This verb is specially used in reference to flocks, as in Virg. Ecl. 
 II. 30, and vn. 2. So in prose, — ' pecora atque homines ... compellebat,' Cess. 
 B. G. V. 19 ; the dative (gregij follows it, as it might follow ' conjunxerit.' 
 " Whom Mercury has once driven among, or to join, his flock." 
 
 19. Levius fit patientia. Cp. (out of many passages) Msch. P. V. 104; Ev.rip. 
 Fragm. Antig. 15; Soph. Thyest. Fr. 236; Pind. Pyth. n. 93, — <pepeiv e\acppws... 
 (vybv dpwyei ; Archil. Fr. VIII. 6,—&eol ydp dvy) Keo-TOLGi KaKolaiv, & <pi\\ ivl 
 Kparep7]v T\r}fj.oavvr]v edecrav cpapfxaK6v. 
 
 CARM. XXV.— AD LYDIAM. 
 
 An invective against Lydia, whom, in her decay of youth and beautv. her 
 lover.s are leaving. 
 
 d 2 
 
28 NOTES ON THE ODES t BOOK I. xxv, xxn. 
 
 1. See Beckerh Gallus, Exc. i. Sc. 2. Cp. Theocr. n. 127. 
 
 4. Limen amat, "opens not." Orell. Cp. Virg. JSn. v. 163, — Ufau n.mo, "hug the 
 shore." 
 
 7. Me tuo. Cp. Ou .Ep. v. 4, — ■ Lsesa queror de £ e, si sinis ipse, meo. 1 
 
 11. " When the wind is raging more fiercely, during the changes (hidings) of tho 
 moon." An image of dark and dreary desolation : as is also the metaphor 
 1 Memis sodali* ver. 19, which adds, however, the idea of a sweeping destruc- 
 tion. 
 
 14. Cp. Virg. Georg. in. 280, — ' hippomanes.' 
 
 16. Non sine questu...quod, i.e. "you complain that they prefer the young ivy and 
 dark green myrtle to the sear leaf, which they let float down the stream." 
 Virentis aridas are similarly opposed in Carm. IV. xin. 
 
 20. Dedicet Hebro. This part of the idea is the germ of Moore's 2nd National Air 
 (" Flow on thou shining river,") and receives its clearest illustration from it, — 
 ' And tell her this, when youth is o'er, 
 
 ' Her lone and loveless charms shall be 
 ' Thrown by, upon life's weedy shore, 
 ' Like those sweet flowers from thee.' 
 
 ib. Hebro, the Thracian river, now Maritza ; proverbial (especially in Horace, 
 with his Greek models) for coldness and rapidity j e. g. Virg. JEn. i. 317 ; Ecl. 
 x. 65. 
 
 CAEM. XXVI.— DE ^LIO LAMIA. 
 
 Lucius 2Elius Lamia,. See Carm. III. xvii, addressed to him. 
 
 1. Musis amicus. Virg. 2En. ix, 774. Used passively, as in.the Gr. Moiffais (pl\os. 
 
 Cp. Carm. III. Iv. 25. Cp. the Homeric rbu irepl Moda' k<p(\r)o-t, Od. d. 63. 
 But in Carm. III. iv. 25, the adjective seems to be taken actively=0iA.4uaxros. 
 Theocr. xiv. 61. 
 
 2. Tradam ...portare. Compare (for the construction) Virg. 2En. I. 319, — ' deder- 
 atque comam diffundere ventis ;' (for meaning) Eur. Troad. 419, — ave/iois 
 (pepeadai irapadiSoofxi. Anacreon, Od. XXXIX. 13, — 
 
 rb 8' &x os T^ eu 7 6 /-"X^ 6 '*' 
 avefiOTpocpa} dveWrj. 
 
 Apoll. B. I. 1334, — &A\' avefjLOio-i dcbo/xev afJLirAafclr]v. 
 
 Ov. Her. II. 25, — ' Yentis et verba et vela dedisti.' 
 
 4. i. e. The Scythian aid proffered to Phraates. See the note on Carm. II. II. 17. 
 
 5. Unice securus. Theogn. 764. 
 
 6 — 8. Integris...jiores...coronam. Comp. (though differently applied) the lines of 
 Lucret. i. 927,— 
 
 ' Juvat integros accedere fontes 
 ' Atque haurire ; juvatque novos decerpere flores, 
 ' InsignemqUe meo capiti petere inde coronam, 
 ' Unde prius nulli velarint tempora Musse.' 
 
 7. Necte. Bind. 01. vi. 86, — tt\4ku>v v/xvov. Nem. Vil. 77, — elpeiv o~Te<pavovs. 
 
 9. Mei...honores, " my efforts to honour him." 
 
 11. Sacrare. We may translate " immortalize." But the figure is founded really 
 on the idea of poetiy being the work of the Muses, and divine. So [M.] 
 compares Bivxlar, Istlim. vn. 60, — vjavois Qeav SiBolcsv. Cicero has 'litteris 
 consecrata ' in Tusc. Qu. v. 4 (11.) Compare 'consecrat' in Cami. IV. VIII. 
 27, where the verb, however, may mean " represent under a sacrecl character," 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. xxvn, xxvm. 29 
 
 CARM. XXVII.— AD SODALES. 
 
 1. From Anacreon, Fr. 63. Cp. Ov. Met. xil. 242, — 
 
 ' Prima pocula pugna 
 
 ' Missa volant, 
 
 ' Ees epulis quondam nnnc bello et caedibus aptse.' 
 
 5. Acinaces. This was the short sword, or scimitar, worn by the Persians on the 
 
 right thigh. See an acconnt of it in Kenrictis note on Herodt. III. 64. 
 
 6. Immane quantum. Gr. ovpdviov ftcrov, (as Aristoph. Ran. 781.) Compare the 
 
 similar nsages, — tvt6ov oacrov airwQev, "ever so little way off," Theocr. i. 45. 
 a.fj.r)x aV01/ oaov, Ltvpia ocra, and in fem. gen. OavfxaaTrjv Scrwv, as in Plat. Alc. 2nd. 
 p. 125. English, — "It is totally (literally, monstrously) at variance with." 
 The phrase occnrs in Tacit. Hist. IV. 34 ; and in Sallust, Fragm. Hist. Lib. II. 
 Nimium quantum is also used, Cic. Or. 26. 
 
 11. Frater Megillce, a fictitions name. 
 
 12. i. e. With whom he is in love. Ov. Her. xvi. 275, — 
 
 ' Non mea snnt snmma leviter destricta sagitta 
 ' Pectora : descendit vnlnus ad ossa menm.' 
 
 ib. Volnere. Virg. JEn. IV. 2, — ' Yulnus alit venis.' 
 
 15. Ov yap eV aiKe\iq> iraiol Bafiels icpdvvs, Theogn. 1344. 
 
 19. Anaxilas apud Athen. xiii. p. 558, — 
 
 rts ydp ^ dpaicaiv' &/j.iktos fj Xifiaipa irvpirvoos 
 
 3) Xdpvflois 7) Tpiicpavos 2/cuAA.a trovTia kvcdv 
 
 ^(piy^,"TSpa, Keaiv', v Exi5va, Ttrvvd 5 5 'Apirviwv yevrj 
 
 els vTrepfioXfyv acp?KTai tov KaTairTvcTOv yevovs* 
 
 ib. Laborabas. The imperfect is nsed of present time, to express snrprise at 
 something unexpected ; an idiom common in Greek, bnt generally with the 
 addition of the particle &pa. So Hom. II. cr. 358 ; y. 147 ; Eurip. Med. 1279 ; 
 Arist. Equit. 138, 382 : add from Homer, II. n. 31, — cplXov eVAe-ro ; d. 163,— 
 
 ywaiKos dp' dvTi TeVu£o ("you are, I see, no better than a woman ;") <p. 281, 
 
 elfxapTo, " now Iftnd I am destined," &c. In all these instances we translate 
 the imperfect by the present. Our common phrase, " Yon are ! I did not 
 know yon were," seems to point ont the origin of the construction. 
 
 19. i. e. " Such a passion is an abyss, from which no skill nor strength can rescue 
 
 you:" 
 
 21. Thessalis. Thessalian sorceries were famous. Cp. Epod. v. 45 ; Epist. II. 11. 208. 
 24. Chimcera. Hom. II. £. 181, — Trp6cr9e Xiwv omdev 8e SpdKcov fxecrcrt] 8e xwcupa- 
 Xfacupa, properly " a goat ;" the fabled monster of Lycia, destroyed by Belle- 
 rophon mounted on his winged horse Pegasus. Cp. Eur. Ion, 202, — ■ 
 toVS' adpwcrov 
 TTTepovvTos ecpeOpov "inrov' 
 tolv irvpirveovaav ivaipei 
 Tpicrd>fj.aTOV d\Kav. 
 
 CAUM. XXVIII. 
 
 2. Archytas, a Greek mathematician and astronomer, of Tarentum, fl. b. c. 400. 
 See Cic. dc Senect. 12, — ' Magni in primis et pruoclari viri.' 
 
30 N0TE8 0N THE ODES t BOOK l. xxvnr. 
 
 This Odo has been fchought fco bo a dialogue between the shade of Archytas 
 and a aailor, who, fmding the philosopher^s corpse on the shore, after shij)- 
 wreok, commiseratee bixn (down bo ver. 16, or ver. 20,) and is fchen implorcd 
 to bniy liim. But this supposition involves a forced sense for ' cohibent,' ii" 
 uscd of abody oxposcd on fche Btrand ; and aooords ill with ' me quoqye' m ver. 
 21 : it leaves too a contradiction betwccn c. 3, which affirms buria), und cv. 23, 
 sq. which entreat for it. 
 
 The explauation which clcars up most difficulties, and which seems to find 
 most favour now, is the one given in Orolli's cxcursus, as suggested to him 
 from two independent sources. It is as follows : — The tomb of A 
 supposed (an inferonce from vv. 1-6) to be a conspicuous object on the 
 Apulian shore. A passing mariner (nauta, v. 23) surveying it, gives vent to 
 reflections upon death, and the contrast between the body ' laid in its narrow 
 cell,' and the mind once soaring in knowledge and in thought to the loftiest 
 height. Theso reflections are contained in the first twenty verses. They are 
 interrupted or succeeded by an address from another speaker, whose corpse 
 after shipwreck has been thrown up upon the coast, and who implores burial. 
 
 2. Cohibent. Compare generally Shakesp. Hen. IV. Act v. Sc, 4 : 
 ' When that this body did contain a spirit, 
 ' A kingdom for it was too small a bo 
 ' But now, two paces of the vilest earth 
 ' Is room enough,' 
 
 With ' cohibent,' as a proper term to express the effect of death, compare 
 C. II. xx. 8; and III. iv. 80 ; and ' coercet,' Q. II. xviii. 38 ; and the Homoric 
 yaia KaTecrx*, Od, A. 548 ; and 77? <pvai£oos r)T€ Kara Kparep6v Trep ipvKti, II. <p. 
 63. 
 
 5. Ov. Fast. I. 298; Cic. de Fin, II. 34, — ' Sapientem...omnecselum totamque cum 
 universo mari terram mente complexum,' Cp, Ib. xxxi. 102 ; also Lucret 1, 
 73,- 
 
 ...' Yivida vis animi pervicit et extra 
 
 ' Processit longe flammantia msenia mundi, 
 
 ' Atque omne immensum peragravit mente animoque.' 
 
 6. Morituro. Cp. Carm. II. 111. 4. " Avails not to prevent your death." Cp. for 
 
 the sentiment, and the following instances, Hom. 17, <r. 117, — 
 
 ou5e ydp ov5e jS/t? 'UpaKXrjos <pvye Krjpa, 
 
 aWa. e MoTp' ihdjj.acrcre 
 
 17. 0, 138, — .../uefle/xej/ x°^ ov v ^ os tV°s, 
 
 rjdr) ydp tls rovye Birjv Kal %e?pas dfxelvuv 
 
 r) ir4<paT 7) Ka\ tVetTa 7re<pr)cr<iTaL. 
 
 So Lucret. III. 1025 — 45 ; and Virg. Mn. x. 470. 
 
 7. i.e. Tantalus. For his fate, and its cause, see Eur. Orest. 5 — 10; Hom. OJ. A. 
 
 581. 
 
 8. Tithonv.s, married to Aurora, and borne by her to heaven. Cp. Ewr. Troad. 
 855 ; Homei\ Hym, in Ven. 161 ; Mimnermus (Frag. iv.) ; Propert. II. xvni. 7. 
 
 9. Minos. Hom. Od. r. 179. For his oflice after death, see Virg. Mn» vi. 432. 
 
 10, See Ov. Met. xv. 160 — 164. These lines refer to the doctrine of metempsychosis, 
 and the assertion of Pythagoras, that he remembered the Trojan War, and had 
 then been Euphorbus. 
 
 14. Cp. Hdt. IV. 95, — 'EWrjvuv oi> t<? dcrdevecrTdTc*) crocpicrTrj TlvOayopy. 
 17. Cp. Simonides, Amorg. Fr. 1. 12, — 
 
 tovs Se SvcrTrivoL voctol 
 
 <p9eipov<TL 6vr)TU)V, tovs 6° "Apei 5e5fir)ij-4vjvs 
 
 7Te/i7ret /aeKaivrjs 'Aidys vrrb x® ovos ' 
 
 ol 8' eV QaXacrcrri, 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. xxyiii, xxix. 31 
 
 20. Nullum...caput is perhaps merely=neminem. Or it may contain allusion to the 
 
 offering dne to Proserpine, mentioned in Virg. 2En. IV. 798. 
 ib. Fugit, nsed like a Gr. aorist, as in C. xxxiy. 16. 
 
 21. Devexus, " sloping downwards ;" here, " setting." Cp. Virg. 2En. vn. 719. 
 ib. Orionis. Tlieocr. vn. 54. 
 
 25, Quodc. minabitur. See A.P. 350. There, however, Orelli explains the constrnc- 
 tion as elliptical, with ferire nnderstood. Here quodcumque mnst be taken 
 with the intransitive minabitur, according to the ordinary nse of neuter 
 prononns. 
 
 28. Tibi defluat. is re Karappe?, Theocr. I. 5. 
 
 ib. TJnde potest. (M.) compares Hesiod, Theog. 420, — oKfSov 6ird£ei eVel Bvvafj.is 
 7e itdpetTTL. 
 
 29. Ab Jove. Jnpiter is invoked, as the giver of wealth, by Callira. Hym. ad Jov. xcl 
 
 94, — SSiTop idcov. 
 
 ib. Tarenti. Neptune was the tntelar god of Tarentnm, being repnted the father 
 of its mythical fonnder, Taras. 
 
 30. Immeritis nocituram. Cp. Solon, XII. 31, — 
 
 ai>ris avaiTLoi (where Berglc reads nal dvTiTa) epya t'lvovo~iv 
 
 $j iraldes tovtcvv v) ">eVoy i^oititrco. 
 Cp. also Hom. Od,. A. 72, where Elpenor is entreating for bnrial, — 
 jxt} /x ctKhavtTTov dOaTTTov lcov owidev KaTaXeiireiv 
 votrcpitrOels /xrj tol tl Qeu>v fj.T)vi/j.a yevcojxai. 
 Eur. Plicen. 934 ; Hvppol. 831 ; and £Jsch. Swppl. 433. Add Juv. xm. 206. 
 
 32. Vices superbce, " an overwhelming retribntion." Superbus seems to answer 
 to, and come from, the Gr. virepcpev, inrepcpvfis, (b=cp as in orbus, from 6pcp6s, 
 6pcpav6s). The radical notion of the Greek words is excess ; and this may be 
 the first meaning of the Latin, though snperseded by the seuondary and sub- 
 jective notion of pride. 
 
 36. The penalty of lying unburied is expressed in Virg. JEn. VI. 325. ; the shghtness 
 of the rite necessary (injecto ter pulvere) , in Soph. Antig. 256, and 429, sq. 
 
 CAEM. XXIX.— AD ICCIUM. 
 
 Iccius. Epist. I. XII, is addressed to him. 
 1. The expedition intended here, and which Iccius is represented as being about 
 
 to share, was that of iElius Gallus, afterwards prefect of Egypt, B. c. 25, 24. 
 
 See Mcrivale^s Hist. Rome, ch. 34. 
 4. Medo. Used, with great latitude, of the Oriental nations generaUy. Cp. 
 
 ' Medus Hydaspes ' in Virg. Georg. iv. 211. 
 
 7. Puer. ..ex cmla. Cp. Liv. XLY. 6, — ' Pueri regii...principum liberi ad ministerium. 
 regis electi.' Juv. ix. 46, — ' Puerum...dignum cyatho.' Add Juv. v. 56, — ' Flos 
 Asise ante ipsum,' etc. 
 
 8. Ad cxjathum, i.e. as cup-bearer. So Juv. XIII. 44, — •' adcyathos.' So ' servus ad 
 
 manum'=an amanuensis, in Cic. Or. ni. 60. By later writers the prep. a is 
 nsed to denote office, as a manu, ab epistolis (a secretary), a rationibus (an 
 accountant) . 
 
 11. ie. " What can now be thought impossible ?" So Ov. Her. v. 29, sq. ; Trist.I. 
 viil. 1. So Eur. Med. 410. (but rather of what which is an unnatural reversal 
 of truth and eqnity), — dvco irGTa/j.a>v tepwv xwpovcri •naryo.i. Cic. ad, Att. XV. IV. 1. 
 Cp. ' Your mountains shall bend, and your streams ascend,' in Sir W.Scotfs Lay, 
 i. 18. 
 
 11. Panodi. See Cic. Ac. Qu. n. 2 (5), and n. 33 (98). He was a Stoic of Rhodes, 
 and Cicero's model in his work de OMciis. 
 
32 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. xxix— x\xi. 
 
 14. Socraticam. Cic. de Orat. III. 16, (59-Gl,) — 'Omnes se philosophi Socraticos 
 
 se et dici vellent, et esse arbitrarentur ;" and Proc&m. Ac. Qu. I. 1, — 'Philoso- 
 pliium vetcrem illam a Socrate ortam.' 
 
 15. Hiberis. Spain was famous in early, as in later ages, for thc mannfacture and 
 tempering of steel. Martial dcscribes his native placo BilbiUs as ' auro 
 Bilbilis et superba ferro/ XII. xvn. 11 ; and again, IV. lv. 11. 
 
 CAEM. XXX.— AD VENEREM. 
 
 1. Cnidus, in Caria. Paphus, — Hom. Odyss. 6. 362 ; Virg. 2En. i. 415. Ctfmpare 
 Alcman. Fr. 10, — Kvirpov l^epTav Mirovaa ko.} Tld<pov TrepifipvTav. The statue of 
 the Cnidian Venus, the great work of Praxiteles, was very famous. See the 
 Life of the Artist in Biograph. Dict. 
 
 5. Solutis...zonis, i.e. discincte ludentes, " unrestrained, sportive, and free." Com- 
 mentators quote Seneca de Benef. I. 3. 
 
 7. Juventas. "up-n, who is reckoned as an attendant on Venus, in Hom. II. ad 
 
 Apoll. 195. 
 
 8. Mercurius. ' Quod Amor disertos faciat ; seu quia per disertam orationem 
 
 solet amor conciliari.' Unde Ov. A. A. II. 123, — 
 
 ' Non formosus erat, sed erat facundus Ulysses, 
 ' Et tamen sequoreas torsit amore deas.' [D.] 
 
 So in the cestus of Venus, Hom. II. |. 216, among the 6s\KT-f}pia irdvTa this is 
 mentioned, — iv 5' bapiffTvs irap<paffis H)T e/cA.ei|/e voov. 
 
 CABM. XXXI.— AD APOLLINEM. 
 
 An Ode exemplifying contentment. 
 
 ' Vatis avarus 
 ' Non temere est animus.' Epist. II. i. 119. 
 
 It was composed upon the dedication or opening of the new public library 
 on the Palatine in b.c. 28. See note on E. I. iii. 17. 
 
 1. Dedicatum. As the name of a deity is often used for the statue or temple 
 consecrated to him, so it has the participle or verb dedico applied to itself. 
 Orelli. Cp. Cic. de N. D. n. 23 ; Ov. Fast. VI. 637,—' Te quoque magnifica, 
 Concordia, dedicat aede.' So in Livy, Y. 52, — ' Juno Eeg...dedicata est.' This 
 sense of consecrating is not the first sense of dedico. See Lucr. i. 367. 
 
 3. Non, etc. Ov. Am. I. xv. 35, — 
 
 ' Vilia miretur vulgus, mihi flavus Apollo 
 ' Pocula Castalias piena ministret aquae.' 
 
 4. Sardinio?. Sicily and Sardinia are called ' benignissimas urbis Komae nutrices,' 
 by Valer. Max. VII. Tl. 1. 
 
 6. Indicum. Virg. Georg. i. 57 ; Ovid. Medic. Fac. 10. In an earlier age, this 
 epithet was used of gold. See Soph. Antig. 1038. 
 
 8. Mordet...taciturnus, to^xov inroTptibyav fjffvxios TroTafjiSs. Call. Ep. XLv. 4. 
 
 9. Preman-t falce, "prune;" as in Virg. Georg. I. 157. Calena poetically joined 
 
 with/aZce, instead of vitem : as Carm. I. IX. 7, Saiina is joined with cliota, not 
 with merum. So, Carm. III. vi. 38, Sabellis ligonibus shows that the mascula 
 proles there eulogised are the veteres Sabelli of Virgil. 
 
 15. Cp. Alcman. Fragm. 17; Eur. Fr. Inc. 111 [0.] ; and, as more immediately to the 
 purpose, the ' poetce conviviuni,' in MartiaJ, X. XLVIII, 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. xxxi— xxxiil. 33 
 
 16. Malvce. Cp. Hcsiod. ipy. Ka\r)fx. 40 ( in praise of contentment,) — 
 ouSe ftrao-£i> oo-y trXiov rjfxiffv TravrSs, 
 ouS' cJo-ov eV fxaXaxV Te /cal aocpoSeXct) ^7' oveiap. 
 " Mallows " are mentioned as a last resource in S. S. Job, XXX. 4. 
 18. Latoe, from the Gr. form Atjt^os. So in 0w. Met. vil. 384, — ' Letoidos ;' VIII. 
 
 15, — ' proles Letoia.' 
 ib. Et, precor, 'integra cum mente. Juv. Sat. x. 356, — ' Orandum est ut sit mens 
 sana in corpore sano.' 
 
 20. Cp. fxr) £aV /*€t' a^ouo-/as, Eur. H. Fur. 676 ; and 
 
 M7j7roTe fxot /xeXeSrj/xa vewrepov aWo (paveirj 
 
 'Avt 3 aperrjs oocpl-qs t', aWa. too" alev ex&v 
 TeprToifxr}v <p6pfxtyyi Kal opxvQpV Ka ^ aoiSrj, 
 
 Kcu iazto. twv ayaOcov eoQXbv exoifxt voov. Theogn. /89. 
 
 CARM. XXXII.— AD LYRAM. 
 
 1. Poscimur, " I am called on for an Ode,"(/.e. ' a Mascenate et Aug.' Gl. in Hl. A.) 
 
 So, ' Poscimur, Aonides,' Ov. Met. v. 333 ; and 
 
 ' Palilia poscor ; 
 
 ' Xon poscor frustra, si favet alma Pales.' Fast. IV. 721. 
 
 2. Lusimus. Used of light poetry. Virg.Ecl. i. 10, — ' Ludere quae vellem calamo 
 permisit agresti.' Georg. iv. 565 ; and Ov. Trist. IV. x. 1, — ' tenerorum lusor 
 amorum.' [M.] compares Pind. 01. I. 16, — ola irai^ofxev. 
 
 7. Religarat. Cp. Eur. Hipp. 761, — Movvvx ov S' aKTatotv eKdvoavTo 
 
 TrKeKTas TretOfxdTuv apx<*s. 
 
 13. Cp. Pind. Nem. V. 24 ; and <popfxiy£ Satr6s eratpv, Hom. Hmy. Mere. 31. Compare 
 Tibul. IV. ii. 22, — 'Et testudinea, Phcebe superbe, lyra;' and Hom. II. a. 602. 
 
 15. Cumque...vocanti, " whensoever I call." Cumque is explained as=' quoque tem- 
 pore,' in Varronianus, p. 388. Lachmann (Lucr. v. 311) denies that cumque 
 can be used except in combination with a relative ; and he reads here medi- 
 cumque. 
 
 CAKM. XXXIII.— AD ALBIUM TIBULLUM. 
 
 Albius Tibullus. See Epist. I. iv, addressed to him ; and Ovid's beautiful 
 elegy upon his death, Am. III. ix ; and the epitaph of Domitius Marsus, — 
 ' Te quoque Virgilio comitem non sequa, Tibulle, 
 
 ' Mors juvenem campos misit ad Elysios. 
 * Ne foret aut elegis molles qui fleret amores, 
 ' Aut caneret forti regia bella pede.' 
 He died b. c. 18, in less than a year after Virgil. 
 
 Ne doleas, a dependent construction, — " that you may not grieve, observe the 
 instances of Lycoris Cyras, etc." So Lambinus. For the principle involved, 
 see Madvig, Lat. Gr. § 386 ; and, for a fuller treatment of the subject, his 
 Opuscula, Vol. II. p. 105. He points out that, in Augustan writers, correct 
 idiom required the second future (or futurum exactum) after ne, uhen used 
 imperativeJij. This rule is exemplified in Cic. Biv. II. 127, (61) — ' Hoc facito, 
 hoc ne feceris ;' where ne fac, or ne facito, would be a poetic construction ; ne 
 facias, a faulty one, admitted only by post-Augustan authors ; as in Persius, 
 iii. 96; Juvenal, XV. 89. An exception, however, is made in the case of 
 hypothetical sentences, as e.g. ' qmtm absit, ve requi/rasj Cie. Senect. xxxin. 
 
 e 
 
34 NOTEB ON Tlli: ODES i BOOK l. xxxiii, wviv. 
 
 h limst be aeked whether . iu //„•. Sat. TT. v. 16, ia to be classed 
 
 ander this head of exception. The rnle is perhaps general rather tban 
 absolnte: ii i.s evidenl bhat, in fche ordinarj nsageofthe beei writei 
 // "' second smg.pres.subj. ( ' ne doleae, ne faciaa,' etc.Jwouldnot be construed as 
 svmphj prohibitvve, but as dependent or qiuisUdependent ; tliat is, in connection 
 witb a rule, as in Hor. S«t. II. m. 32, — ' ne te frustrere ;' or with a reason, as 
 in Sat. II. III. 88, — e ne sis patruus mihi;' or witb an alternative, as in Carm. 
 
 II. i. 38, — *ne retractes.' It is observable that this restriction and usage 
 
 does not apply to the third person, e.g. ' ne careat,' Carm. T. xxxvi. 10; ' ne 
 pudeat,' Virg. Georg. i. 80; e ne transieris Iberum, nc quid rei tibi sit cum 
 Saguntinis,' Livy, xxi. 44; nor to the particles nec, neu, nihil ; see Carm. II. 
 XI. 4, — ' nec trepides ;' Ov. Ep. I. 2, — e nil rescribas.' 
 
 3. Cv.r, ee because." So in Epist. I. viii. 10, acconnted for by Orelli as a mixtnre 
 of two constructions : ' 1. Ne dolens dicas, Cur mihi prsefertur ? 2. Noli 
 dolere quod praeferatur.' 
 
 5. Lycoris; Cyrus ; Pholoe. Fictitious examples of the love describod by Callvm. 
 Epigr. 32,— rb. fxev (pevyoi/ra diwKetv olSe... Cp. Mosch. Idyll. VI. 1. 
 
 8. Cp. Virg. Ecl. vin. 27, — c Jungentur jam gryphes equis.' 
 
 15. Acrior Hadriee. avdaSecrrepa daAaaarris. Wur. Hipp. 301. 
 
 CAKM. XXXIV. 
 
 2. Insanientis. The Epicurean error of referring all things to secondary, and 
 
 denying providential, causes, Horace represents himself as an Epicurean, 
 Epist. I. iv. 16 ; Sat. I. v. 101. His impulsiveness and inconsistency as to 
 doctrines, he declares Epist. I. i. 14-19. 
 
 3. Consultus, " a professor," as in the phrase juris consultv.s. 
 
 5. Diesj)iter==Jupiter. The tvvo names are akin, and in real meaning the same. 
 The Latin Ju and Jovi, the Gr. Zevs, the Sanskrit Dyaus or Dyu (meaning 
 both sToy and day) point to a common root, signifying bright. These deriva- 
 tives, then, form a natural first term to express the idea of God — the Author 
 of light, the Lord of heaven. (See the history of this name and its form in 
 Max Muller's Tenth Lecture on Language, 2nd Series.J In the Yedas the com- 
 bination Dyauspitar (=" Sky Eather ") is as frequent as Jupiter in Latin. 
 Compare Varro, L. L. v. 66, — ' Antiquius Jovis nomen ; nam olim Dijovis et 
 ' Diespiter dictus, id est dies (gen. ant.J pater,' quoted by Orelli, w^ho adds 
 'nuiic constat...nihiI differre a Gr. Zei/s irariip.' 
 
 6. Igni. Such is the constant form of this ablative. Cp. Carm. I. iv. 3 ; Sat. I. 
 
 v. 72 ; Virg. Georg. I. 234; and Wa.gner's note and references. 
 
 7. Per purum. For the phrase, cp. Virg. Georg. n. 364 ; for the idea, Hdt. iu. 
 86, — aarpaivT] e£ al9pins Ka\ fipovr-f). Cp. the ' caslo sereno fulgura ' of Virgil, 
 Georg. i. 487 ; and Hom. Odyss. v. 114. 
 
 9. Bruta, " senseless." ' The brute earth/ Milton. in Comus. Comp. ' inertem,' 
 Carm. III. iv. 45. 
 
 10. Invisi. Hom. II. v. 66, — rd re crrvyeovo^i deoi irep. 
 
 ib. Tcenarus, the south headland of Laconia, C. Matapan, a Tegendary entrance to 
 Orcus. Virg. G. iv. 467, — ' Tsenarias fauces alta ostia Ditis.' 
 
 11. Eurip. Hipp. 3, — repfioves 'ArXavTiKoi ; and Herc. F. 234. 
 
 13. Cp. Hom. Od. ir. 211; Hesiod. 4py Kal r}fx. 5; Eur. Fragm. Andr. 23. 
 
 14. Obscura, the neuter, though used of persons, and in connection with the masc. 
 insignem. Cp. Virg. Mn. VI. 170. 
 
 ib, Apicem, "apoint;" then (as here,) used for "a royal diadem," with a pro- 
 ba.ble roference to " the higb-pcaked Oriental tiara." 
 
XOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK I. xxxiv, xxxv. 35 
 
 15. i.e. Swooping with the dash of an eagle. Cp. ' magno stridore,' Virg. G. i. 407. 
 Cp. the account of Tarqnin in Cic. Legg. i. 1. Some interpreters would include, 
 in acuto stridore, the scream of the eagle, — iyyvdev o£v Ae\'qKdi>s, Hom. II. x- 141 ; 
 o|e'o KXafav alerbs is yav &s vrrepiiTTa, Soplx. Antig. 113. 
 
 CABM. XXXV— AD FOETUXAM. 
 
 1. Cp. the invocation to Fortune in Pind. 01. xii. 1, — 
 
 Aicr aofLai, ical Zvvbs 'EAevflepiou, 
 
 'ljxepav sbpvcrQtvs afxcpnroAGi, 2,u>Teipa Ty%a. 
 
 t\v yap iv irovTw KvfiepvcovTaL doal 
 
 vaes, iv x^P^V T * \aupripol TrohsfAOL 
 
 Kayopal (SovXacpopoi. 
 
 ib. Gratum. Sc. ' tibi ut,' Ca.rm. I. xxx. 2, ' dilectam Cypron.' [0.] Those who 
 construe it " pleasant," quote Cic. Att. iv. 8, — • Antio nihil quietius, niliil 
 alsius, nihil amoenius.' 
 
 ib. Antium, Torre d'Anzo, the capital of the Volsci. Its Temple of Fortune waa 
 celebrated ; historically, it is famous for having supplied (after the fiual con- 
 quest of Latium in 338 b.c.) the Bostra at Eome. 
 
 2. T0X77 yap 6p6o? ko.\ Tvxv KOTa/SpeVei 
 
 tov evTvxovvTa t6v re ovcttvxovvt' aei. 8oph. Ant. 1158. 
 
 And Cp, Virg. JEn. xi. 426. 
 
 ib. Prcesens occurs nowhere else with an infinitive, but is not a more straiued 
 construction than ' blandus ducere,' or ' lenis aperire.' It is equivalent to 
 (though of wider meaning than) 'valens.' It is so used in Virgil, Geor. m, 
 452, — ' Non tamen ulla magis praesens fortuna laborum est.' 
 
 4. Fimeribus tri/uiwphos. Compare, in Livy. xly. 41, the speech of ^m. Paullus, — 
 ' Spectaculo vobis nunc triumphus meus, nunc funera liberorum meorum fuerint 
 ' ...triumphus meus velut ad ludibrium casuum humanorum duobus funeribus 
 ' hberorum meorum est interpositus.' 
 
 5. Cp. Eur. Suppl. 552, — 
 
 Tpvcpa 5" dal/jLCcv, rrpos tc yap tov ovcttvxovs 
 c%s evTvxycrr) tl/jlios yepaiptTaL, 
 6 t' oXBlos vlv Trvevfxa heijxaivwv Anre?j> 
 v\\i7)\bv atpei. 
 
 6. Ruris cohnv.s, i.e. ' ruricola.' " You are honoured by the dwellers 011 land and 
 
 sea." 
 
 7. Bithyna, " of Bithynian timber," as ' Pontica 5 above, Carm. I. XIV. 11. This 
 traffic with Bithynia is also alluded to in Carm-. III. Tii. 3. 
 
 8. Carpathiwm, part of the JEgean, near Carpathus (Scarpanto), north of Crete. 
 
 9. Dacus, the tribes bordering on the Danube. The frequency of their incursions 
 
 is implied in Virg. Georg. n. 497, — ' Conjurato descenclens Dacus ab Histi-o.' 
 
 12. Hence Gray's ' purple tyrants vainly groan,' Ode to Adversity. Cp. Virg. Geor 
 
 11. 495. 
 
 13. fA7)...avTptyri 7ro&l ohfiov, JEsch. Pers. 165. 
 
 14. Columnam, their power and prosperity. This has been supposed to refer to 
 DolabehVs overthrow of J Csesar's column, — c eversio illius exsecratas eolumna-.' 
 Cic Phil. 1. 2. Cp. ad Attic. xiv. 15, — ' columnam tollere.' 
 
 ib. Cp. Ov. Met. xi. 377 ; xn. 241 : and BacchyUdes, Fr. 34. 
 
 ib. Frcquens. So ' frequentioris populi/ in Cic^pro Scst. 59. 
 
 e2 
 
36 N0TE8 ON 77//; ODES : WOK \. rxxv, x.wvi. 
 
 17. Bava. The y.r. 'servu' ia in many of the besi M8S. ; but I aeeintheold ///.,4. 
 
 (which has serva, the r introdueed above, and the glosa d/u/fuj the oause of 
 the oorruption, and a fcestimony againsl it. The oause ia fche writing e for oe, 
 (see on 8. I. iii. 7 ;) but the Bvnonymous glc the true word. 
 
 The Bubsequent insertion of r is a oopyist's mistake. 
 
 18. This has bcen supposed to be taken from a picture. The aymbols aptly re- 
 present the grasp and strength of Destiny. Op. | \wrm. 1 1 1 xxi v. 5. 
 
 ib. Clavos. " nails," as in Pvnd. Pyfh. iv. 71. Msch. Suppl. 140, 944. Cuneos, 
 "wedges," to tighten the masonry. Uncus, " rivcts, or cramps," to hold it 
 together. Plumbum, " molten Icad," to set them more firmly: used prover- 
 bially in Eur. Andr. 267, — el iripi^ cr' exei rrjKrbs fxoKvfiZos. 
 
 ib. Trabalis. Virg. JEn. xii. 294. ' 01. tr.' is used as a proverb, Cic. Verr. v. 21, — 
 ' Ut hoc beneficium, quemadmodum dicitur, clavo trabali figeret.' 
 
 22. Nec comitem (se) abnegat. Ovid has the same construction, — { Siqua repugnarat 
 nimium, comitemque ncgarat,' A. Am. i. 127. [M.] quotcs Vol. Flace. m. 695, 
 — ' An sese comitem tam tristibus actis abneget.' " Nor scruplcs to be your 
 companion still, though in altered and gloomy guise you retire frora scenes of 
 prosperity." Pind. Nem. x. 78, — 
 
 Travpoi 8' iv ir6vo) rciarol Bporcov 
 Ka/xdrov /xtraAa/xBdveiv. 
 
 28. Jvgum. Theocr. xn. 15, — i<pi\-r)o~av laop C v yv- 
 
 ' Quid agam, si proxima quaeque relinquunt ? 
 ' Subtrahis eifracto tu quoque colla jugo ? ' Oc. Trist. V. II. 39. 
 
 29. Ultimos. Virg. EcJ. I. 67, — ' Penitus toto divisos orbe Britannos.' The con- 
 struction of the gen. affcer ultimos is parallel to iaxdrn xQov6s, ^Esch. P.V. 8i6. 
 
 30. Recens examen. The expedition referred to above, Carm. xxix. Examea is 
 
 strictly a compound of agmen-, but commonly used of a swarm of becs, and in 
 this sense might be compared with JEsch. Pers. 128. 
 
 33. Sceleris. . .fratrumqve (a species of hendiadys), the slaughter of our brethren in 
 civil war. Cp. sup. Oarm. I. II. 
 
 34. Dura refugimus cetas. Cp. Epod. xvi. 9, and a like construction in Livy, xxvn. 
 
 51, — ' Tum omnis setas currere obvii.' 
 
 35. 37. Solon, Frag., — ovQ'' hpcov Kredvwv ovre ri Srjuoaiojv (peido/xevoi. 
 
 39. Diffingas, "fashion anew and differently, for a different pnrpoae." ' Recoquunt 
 
 patrios fornacibus enses,' Virg. Mn.VlI. 636. irpoxaXKtvei 5' Alcra <paayavovpy6s, 
 JEsch. Chceph. 647. 
 ib. Retusvm. So Virg. G. n. 301; Ov. Am. II. 9. 
 
 40. Massagetas, a Tartar tribe of Scyfhia intra Imaum. 
 
 CAEM. XXXYI.-AD PLOTIUM NUMIDAM. 
 
 An Ode of welcome to Pl. Numida, on his return (with Augustus, it is supposed) 
 from the Cantabrian war. 
 
 7. Duloi, " dear." ' Amicus dulcis,' Sat. I. in. 69. 
 
 8. Non alio, " the same." (Orell. Cp. Tac. Germ. x.) " They had been boys to- 
 
 gether under the same teacher." 
 
 9. J\Iutatce...togce. The young Eomans upon " covring of age" changed the toga 
 prcetexta for the toga virilis. This change, which was accompanied with 
 marked rejoicing, might take place any time after the age of fifteen. (See 
 Beckers Gallus, Exe. n. sc. 1.) Toga libera, and liberior, in Ov. Fast. iii. 771, 
 and Trist. IV. x. 28, express the independence then attained, with a reference 
 also to the Liberalia (March 17,.) as thc usual day for the ceremony. Cp. 
 ^wicpiiBoi, Lucio.u, Tinion. 4/7. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOFS I. xxxiv, xxxvir. 37 
 
 10. Cressa. Adj. from creta, " chalk." Cressa aud Cressius are common as ad- 
 jectives, from Creta, the proper name ; not, as here, from creta, the snbstance. 
 A white mark, or -vvhite stone, distingnished lucky events or days. See Sat. 
 II. iii. 246, — ' creta, an carbone.' Cp. Pers. Sat. n. 1 ; and ' dies ater,' in 
 Ovid. Fast. i. 58. This custom is ascribed to the Thracians in Plin. VII, 40. 
 Comp, Catull. lxix. and CVIII; also Mart. xn. 34, sqq. ; and ix. 52. "So AevKbv 
 ij/jLap, in Msch. Pers. 301 ; a natural metaphor. 
 
 11. 12. " Let there be no limit to the wine, no check to the dances." Prom/ptce, 
 
 participle. Promo (proemo) is the constant phrase for drawing wine. So 
 promus (Sat. II. II. 16) " a butler." 
 
 12. Salium. Generally understood to be for Saliorvm, but more probably an 
 adj. from Salius, a word used by Varro. The Salii were the priests of Mars, 
 ' a saltu nomina dicta,' Ov. Fast. III. 387. See mention of them in Virg. 2En. 
 VIII. 285 ; and again, 663, — ' exsultantes Salios.' 
 
 13. Mvlti...weri, i.e. anoted drinker. The sense is, " Let even Damalis be surpassed 
 
 in deep drinking." 
 
 14 Amystide, Gr. fyii/o-m. Eur. Rhes. 419; Cycl. 417; Call. Fr. 109. 
 
 16. Apium. Virg. Ecl. VI. 68. 
 
 »6. Breve, " short-lived," contrasted with vivax. So Carm. II. III. 13. 
 
 17. Pu.tres, " melting, languishing." Cp. raKeai b(p8aAfj.ws, Theocr. i. 91. Persius, 
 
 S. V. 58, borrows the word, — ' In Venerem est putris.' 
 
 18. Nec=non tamen. The sense is, — " Damalis before all the guests shall cling to 
 
 and welcome Numida." 
 
 20. Ambitiosior, used in the primaiy sense, as derived from ambio, " clinging to." 
 Cp. Eur. Hec. 398, — oirota Kiaabs Spvbs oirws ttjcS' e£ofiai. So Catull. LXI. 34; 
 and Ov. Heroid. V. 47,— 
 
 'Non sic appositis vincitur vitibus ulmus, 
 ' Ut tua sunt collo bracchia nexa meo.' 
 
 CAEM. XXXVII.— AD SODALES. 
 
 A congratulatory Ode, on occasion of the deaths of M. Antony and Cleopatra. 
 The opening of it is from AIcgbus, Fr. 20, — ■ 
 
 vvv xpb [xeQvad-nv Kai x^ova irpbs fiiav 
 Trairjv irreidr] KdrOave MvpaiXos. 
 
 (I quote Gaisford's and Porson's reading.) 
 
 3. Pulvinar deorum. See the Dict. of Antiq., art. e . Lectisternvum. 1 Images of the 
 gods were placed on couches (pul/vinoyria) with offerings and viands set before 
 them, nearly as Theocritus (Idyll. xv. 111 — 127J describes the 'A5c6i//a. 
 Pulvinar, is used sometimes for the ceremony itself; as by C. Nepos, in 
 Timotheo 2, — ' Ei. Dea3 (sc. Paci) pidviaar sit institutum.' Ci3. ' Pulvinaribus 
 altis dignior,' (i.e. " worthy of divine honours "•) Ov. Met. xiv. 827. 
 
 1. Tc, apus erat, " it were time," i.e. " we ought." Cp. Ov. Am. III. i. 23; Trist. 
 IV. vni. 25. Tempus, &pa, as in Soph Aj. 245 ; (Ed. Tyr. 466. 
 
 7. Dementis=' dementer cogitatas ; fere ut (Virg. 2En. n. 576) sceleratas 
 
 poenas.' [O.] 
 
 9. '• With her degraded crew of infamous followers." e Tnrpium, ut contaminato, 
 imprimis ad animum refertur.' Orell. With this description may be compared, 
 in a general way, what Livy (ix. 17) aays of Darius' army and Alexander's 
 
38 N0TE8 ON THM ODES BOOK L x.vwn. 
 
 13. i.c. Thc losa of all har fleet. See, Por the oonstraotion, the note on Carm. II. 
 iv. 10. 
 
 11. Lymphatam, "panic-stricken." CJr. vv/xcp6\vtttov.. The supcrstition is expressed 
 in Ov. Heroid. iv. 50, — 
 
 ' Dryades Fanniqne bicoi i 
 ' Numinc oontactas attonnere suo.' 
 Lyrwphata is in Virg. Mn. vu. 377. LynvphaMcus <paivor i " a panic," Liv. x. 28. 
 
 14. Mareotico. Cleopatra's mind is said to be overset, not by a deity's (e.g. Pan or 
 Apollo's) intervention, but by wine ; a reflection on her Lnxnry and ita effects. 
 The Lacus Mareotis supplicd Alexandria with its southern port, and a communi- 
 cation with the Nile. Tbe surrounding country was celebrated for its wines. 
 Mareotides Albce are amongst the vines mentioned Virg. Georg. n. 91. 
 
 17. Accipiter velut. Cp. JEsch, P. V. 85G, — iirro7]jx4voi. <pp£va.s 
 
 KipKOi 7reAeia>j> 6v jxaKpav KeAei/x/xevoL 
 ^ovo-i dripevaovTzs. Hom. II. <p. 493; x- 139 ; Virg. 
 Mn. xi. 721 ; Ov. Met. v. 606; Eur. Andr. 1111. 
 
 21. Fatale monstrum. Orelli quotes Lucan, x. 58, — ' Latii feralis Erinnys.' 
 
 22. Nec muliebriter. Cp. Ov. ' animi matrona virilis/ Fast. n. 847. 
 
 24. Reparavit, etc. " Nor did she makefor,or gain other realms inplace of those 
 ivhich she had lost" a sense of reparo not found elsewhere, but in agreemeni 
 with the derivation : paro is " to provide," and re in compounds has often the 
 sense of diversion or substitution. So above, V. 15 c redeyit.' 
 The propriety of the perfect tense, expressing the simple fact, may be noted. 
 Merivale, Hist. Rome, vol. iii. ch. xxvui. p. 332, says, — ' She had nndertaken 
 ' ...to sail far away to some secure regions beyond the reach of the conqueror, 
 'whose pursuit she dreaded.' Hacl the impf. (nec reparabat) been used, it 
 would have meant she did not purpose or attempt to fly, which would havu 
 been untrue. 
 
 26. The mode of Cleopatra's death was never ascertained. The tradition is dis- 
 
 cussed in Merivale, Hist. Rorne, ch. xxvni. pp. 343 — 4. 
 
 27. Serpentes, the 'geminos angues ' of Virg. 2En. Vin. 697. See Shalcesjjeare's 
 Antony and Cleopatra, Act v. Sc. 2. 
 
 29. Ferocior, " animated by the thought of death." 
 
 30. Liburnis. See the Dict. of Antiq. The Liburnce na.ves were light canocs, 
 properly, used by the Liburni of the Illyrian coast. 
 
 ib. Invidens, " disdaining to be led in triumph;" more literally, "grudging them 
 the glory of her being so led." 
 
 31. Privata, i.e. despoiled of her royal dignity. 
 
 32. ' T. Livius refert illam (sc. Cleopatram) . . . identidem dicere solitam ov 
 6pia/xBevaojj.ai.' — Schol. Porphyr. 
 
 21, sqq. MarvefTs Ode on CroriwelVs Retu.rn frorn Ireland ends with an evident 
 and a fine imitation of this ode : — 
 
 ' He (Charles I.) nothing common did or mean, 
 ' Upon that memorable scene, 
 
 ' But with his keencr eye 
 
 ' The axe's edge did try ; 
 ' Nor call'd the goda with vulgar spite 
 ' To vindicate his helpless right ; 
 
 • Ibit bow'd his comcly head 
 
 • Down, as upon a bed.' 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES: BOOK I. xxxvni. 39 
 
 CAEM. XXXVIII.— AD PUERTJM. 
 
 2. Philyra, Gr. (piKvpa, " the lime, or linden tree ;" also the inner rind of it, nsed 
 for binding chaplets. Ov. Fast. v. 337, — ' Incinctis philyra conviva capillis.' 
 
 4. Rosa,...sera. Cp. Martial, — { hibern8e...rosae,' IV. xxix. 4; VI. lxxx. 
 
 5. Allabores, i.e. c cnm labore adicias,' " take pains to add." Acomponnd nsed by 
 
 Horace only. Curo has the same constmction (a snbj. withont ut) again in S. 
 II. vi. 38. Sedulus is to be taken with allabores. 
 
 7. Arta, " close, thick, embowering." The form is for arcta, the c being com- 
 monly rejected before t, as in LutoMus (= Luctatius,) autumnus (from auctus,) 
 quintus, toHus, fultus ; instanced by Munro, Lucr. i. 70. 
 
Q. HOEATI FLACCI CAEMINA. 
 LIBEE II. 
 
 CARM. I.— AD ASINIUM POLLIONEM. 
 
 Caius Asinius Pollio. See Sat. I. x. 42 ; Virg. Ecl. VIti. 6 — 13. Historian,poet, 
 orator, general, founder of the first T>ublic library at Eome. Ov. Trist. III. i. 
 71. 
 
 1. Motum ... civicum, " the civil wars." Their origin is traced here to the year of 
 
 the first Triumvirate, b.c. 60. Q. Caecilius Metellus Celer was consul with 
 Lucius Afranius in that year. 
 
 2. Et vitia et modos, " the errors and operations of the war ;" or, in a wider sense 
 
 and with a hendiadys, " unprincipled and ambitious schemes ending in war." 
 (This interpretation suits the temper of Horace, whose regrets are not wont 
 to dwell upon the downfall of persons or parties, but upon the demoralization 
 of his country and the general distress.) Cicero (de Cl. Orat. xcvi. 329) 
 speaks of ' belli civilis causas in privatorum cupiditatibus inclusas.' 
 
 6. Alecv...per ignes. Two metaphors expressing hazard, and that two-fold, — first, 
 of error in facts ; then, of political animosity. 
 
 Cp. Sall. B. Catil. iii, — ' Arduum res gestas scribere.' With the first metaphor 
 compare Eur. Bhes. 446, — piirreis Kvfievcov rbv irpbs 'Apyeiovs 'Apw. And Ib. 
 183, — iv Kvpoto-i. See Elmsl. on kivSvvov piTrreiv, Eur. Heracl. 149. With the 
 second, Propertius, I. v. 5, — ' Miser ignotos vestigia ferre per ignes.' aSearly 
 in this sense, Call. Ep. XLV. 2,— -icrri ri vaX rbv Uava /ce/cpu/x/xeVo^ io-r\...Trvp inrb 
 rrj cnrodir) ; where see Blomf. note. The literal expression, virb o~iro8<£ aKa.jj.arov 
 Trvp, is in Theocr. XI. 51. Orelli cites Suidas, iv irvpl BePyKas. Add from Suidas 
 also, &v9pa£i ffaiveiv ixQpiKTjv hr}hol BxdBw- Homer expresses extrication fi^om 
 imminent danger by Ka\ e«: irvpbs aldo/x4voio vocrrrjcraifAev, II. k. 246. 
 
 12. Cp. ' cothurnato vate,' Ov. Am. II. XYIH. 18. (For a full description of the 
 K^Oopvos, or cothurnus, see Donaldson, in Tlieatre of Grr. Ed. vn. #p- 245-8.) 
 
 13. Prcesidium. Cp. s Cotta Pieridum lumen praesidiumque fori/ Ov. Pont. IV. 
 
 XVI. 42. Also comp. 'trepidis reis/ Ov. Fast. i. 22; ex Pont. II. n. 52. 
 
 16. Delmatico, the conquest of the Parthini in Illyria, b. c. 39. 
 
 17. i.e. Pollio's graphic style transports his readers or hearers into the verv scenes 
 
 of war. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. i, n. 41 
 
 18. Perstringis, " strike upon, deafen ;" in a kindred signification " to dazzle," as 
 Quintil. X. I. 30, — ' Fulgor quo mens simul visusque perstringitur.' 
 
 [0.] says, — ' Perstringere de auribus acuto vel terribili sono percussis ' (i. e. 
 " to deafen ;") ' prcestringere de oculis subito splendore vel fulmine prope 
 csecatis ' (i.e. "to dazzle.") Tbe distinction is, no doubt, true; per denoting 
 what penetrates to the remoter or inward sense, the hearing or the mental 
 faculty ; proe, action upon what is forward or in front, as the eyesight. Yet 
 the words have been constantly eonfounded, as may be seen in in Gesnerh note 
 on Quintilian, l. c. See also Cic. Divinatio, 14, — ' prsestringat aciem ingenii.' 
 
 22. ' Arctoi formosus pulvere belli," Mart. VIII. lxv. 3. 
 
 24. Csesar at Pharsalia, B.c. 48, then in Egypt ; in Africa, 46, battle of Thapsus in 
 April ; in Spain, 45 ; B. of Munda ; killed in the senate-house, March 15, 
 b. c. 41. 
 
 25. Juno, as in Virg. 2En. i. 15-18. 
 
 26. Cesserat. Cp. Virg. Mn. n. 351. 
 
 29. Pinguior. Virg. Georg. i. 492 ; Ovicl, Ep. I. 54. So Msch. Pers. 806,—<pl\ov 
 iria<T/j.a Bokotuu %Qov'i; and S. C. Theb. 587. 
 
 37. Ne may be taken as dependent on ' quasre modos/ See on I. xxxm. 1. 
 
 38. Ceai nenice. Simonides of Ceos, the great lyric poet, one of the literary 
 
 circle at the court of Hipparchus (not to be confounded with the Iambic poet 
 of Amorgos.) Quintil. X. i. 64, says of him, — ' Simonidis poeta^ tenerrimi 
 praecipua in commovenda miseratione virtus.' Cp. Catull. xxxvi. 8. And so 
 Wordsworth, — ' One precious tender-hearted scroll of pure Simonides.' 
 
 ib. Retractes, " go out of your way to treat of mournful subjects." In composition, 
 re often gives the sense of diversion or change. As instances, observe Virgil, 
 2En. in. 383, — ' redclita cessit,' " reverted to," (there is no idea there of " re- 
 storation.") &n. vi. 819, — ' fasces receptos,' " gained over to tlie cause of 
 freedom," or simply " transferred." Georg. iv. 421, — ' resistit,' " removes or 
 stands aloof." In Mn. viii. 503, ' resedit ' is=consedit, with the idea of a 
 check or repulse. Revoco is not only "torecall," but " to call into a fresh 
 direction," Cces. B. G. iii. 17. So redemissem, Cic. ad Fam. II. 16, — " I would 
 gladly divert to myself." 
 
 39. Dionceo..." in the cave of Venus." Dione, the name of the mother of Venus, 
 ia sometimes a synonym for Venus herself. Cp. Virg. Mn. III. 19. 
 
 40. Cp. 'Cecini plectro graviore Gigantas...Nunc opus est leviore lyra.' Ov. Met. 
 x. 150. 
 
 CARM. II.- AD SALLUSTIUM CRISPUM. 
 
 The sentiment of this Ode corresponds to, and is, perhaps, taken from Theocr. XVI. 
 22, sq. It is a question whether it contains more of irony, or counsel, or 
 praise. The subject of it (C. Sallustius, great nephew of the historian) is 
 once mentioned elsewhere (Sat. I. n. 48, sqq .) as an extravagant profligate. 
 In the period intervening between that poem and this (about sixteen years,) 
 he may have grown wiser ; perhaps ' modeste munificus,' as he is there de- 
 scribed. We learn from Tacitus (Ann. III. 30,) that he was fond of, oratleast 
 aflected, luxury and elegance (the means for which he had in the wealth left 
 him by his great uncle, who had died B.c. 34 ;) but that he was really a man 
 of energy as well as influence. During the life-time of Msecenas, he ranked 
 next to him ; after his death, he succeeded him in his place in the counsels of 
 Augustus. He died a. d. 20. 
 
 2. Abdito terris. He had valuable copper mines among the Centrones (' in Cen- 
 tronum alpino tractu,' Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 2) to which some have thought 
 allusion is here made. 
 
*2 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. n, iii. 
 
 2. Lamnir, oontraction forlammtMMB, any thin aheet of metal: here perhaps a 
 contemptnona berm. (']>• Ou. Faet. i. 208. 
 
 5. IVocwZetug, a model of tme liberality , qnoted aa such in Jiw. vit. 91: Caius 
 Proculeius Varro Murena, brother of the Murcna who was implicated in 
 Caepio's conspiracy, B.C. 22, and brother of Terentia, the wife of Mux-enas. 
 
 8. C'£>. Virgil's * Famam extendere factis,' JEn. X. 468. 
 
 9. Regnes. This potential mood expresses less a fact, than a wish or possibility. 
 
 For the sentiment, cp. Milton, Par. Reg. II. 466, — 
 
 ' Yet he who reigns within himself, and rules 
 1 Passions, desires, and fears, is more a king.' 
 
 11. JwngaSy i.e. under your dominion. 
 
 ib. Uterque Pcenus, i.e, Spain and Africa, alluding to the Carthaginian colonies in 
 Spain. 
 
 13. Cp. Ov. Fast. i. 215,— 
 
 * Sic, quibus intumuit sufFusa venter ab unda, 
 ' Quo plus sunt potae plus sitiuntur aquae.' 
 This comparison of covetousness to dropsy occurs in Pohjb. Hist. XIII. 2. 
 
 ib. Indulgens sibi. Juv. XIV. 139, — ' Crescit amor nummi, quantum ipsa pecunia 
 crescit.' 
 
 17. Cyri solio. See above, on Carm. I, n. 51. Phraates IV. (=Arsaces XV.) 
 succeeded his father, Orodes I. (whom he murdered,) b.c. 38. In consequence 
 of his crimes, many Parthian nobles fled to M. Antony, who marched (b.c. 36) 
 into Parthia, but without any success ; and his plans of re-invasion were 
 checked by the civil war between himself and Octavianus. Meanwhile 
 Phraates, provoking a revolution, was driven jovtb, and Tiridates, one of the 
 royal family, was set up. Phraates was restored by Scythian aid. Tiridates 
 fled to Augustus, with Phraates' youngest son. This led to treaties, and the 
 * signa recepta ' in b.c. 20. 
 
 21. Diadema, the ensign of royalty : ' trabeam et diadema Quirini,' Juv. viii. 259. 
 It was a Hnen fillet (' fascia candida,' Suet. J. Cxs. 79.) not to be confounded 
 with ' corona,' a garland, or conqueror's wreath. (See TrencKs Synonyms, p. 91.) 
 
 23. Inretorto, "unaverted" eye, uudazzled by the glare. The wise man can look 
 steadily at, can face them, ' cogitans cum Socrate quam nxulta non desidero.' 
 [G.] Ovid, Met. x. 696, uses ' retorserunt oculos,' for " turned away their 
 eyes :" ' nec vultum avertit,' Ib. VI. 642, expresses firm resolution, Consult 
 Bentley on rectis oculis (6p6o7s ofi/xaai, Soph. (Ed. T. 1385,) Carm. I. iii. 18, 
 Cicero, ad Brutum, Ep. 18, has this metaphor, — ' Splendore falsi honoris 
 objecto aciem boni ingenii praestringi posse confidunt.' So also, — ' Ut non magis 
 auri fulgor quam gladii praestringat oculos meos ; ut ingenti constantia, quod 
 omnes optant, calcem.' Seneca, Ep. 48. Orelli (quoting <t>evye ajxerao-TpeTrri^ 
 from Plato, Legg. ix. 854, C.) gives a different explanation, — ' Sapiens adeo 
 contemnit thesauros, aequo et tranquillo animo eos praeteriens et videns, ut ne 
 retorque requidem oculos ad illos. . .dignetur.' So Dillenburger, who refers to 
 Cic. Cat. II. i. 2. We may find this sentiment expressed in the Clrristian Year, 
 (SS. Philip and James,) — 
 
 ' Learn to quit, with eye serene, 
 ' Thy youth's ideal hoard.' 
 
 CAEM. III.— AD DELLIUM. 
 
 Quintus DeUius, principally notorious as ' desultor bellorum civilium/ a 
 man of all parties in turn. 
 
 "1. JEquam...mentcm, Cp. Archiloch. Fr. 60; Lucret. V. 1116, So Eur. Fr. Inc. 170, 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. m. 43 
 
 fiv5' evri>xw a WlSsv c%b" ecrrw /xeya 
 
 o cr' e£eirdipr) /xe7(ov f) xpt& v <ppove7v, 
 
 fiwb\ av ri crvfifSrj bvcrx*P^ s ) bov\ov ird\iv' 
 
 ciAA' avrbs ael fiifive rrjv cravrov cpvaiv 
 
 crctifav fSefiaiws. 
 Ovid borrows the phrase, A. A. II. 438, — ' Nec facile est aequa commoda mente 
 pati. 
 4. Moriture, i.e. " mortal," as Carm, I, xxvm. 6. Cp. ol Bavovfievoi fiporuv, Eur. 
 Heracl. 594. 
 
 7. Bearis. Cp, ' hilarans convivia Baccho.' Virg. Ecl. V. 69. 
 
 8. Interiore, i.e. the choicest, the oldest cask. Nota, " the seal/ ' i.e. the sealed 
 cask. 
 
 9. Quo. The old reading may be taken &$=quorsum, interrogatively. " To what 
 purpose is this hospitable shade ? why is this hnrrying stream here, but to 
 welcome us, to tempt us to enjoyment ?" Cp. a irirvs, &nro\e, ri\va "A irori 
 tchs naya7o-i /j.e\i(r8erai. Theocr. Id. i. 2. Cp. also Virg. Geor. IV, 23, — 
 
 ' Yicina invitet decedere ripa calori, 
 ' Obviaqiie hospitiis teneat frondentibus arbos.' 
 Where, too, observe the correspondence of hosjpitiis frondentibus with hos- 
 pitalem umbram. 
 
 ib. Comp. ' Opportuna sua blanditur populus umbra.' Ov. Met. x. 555. 
 
 10. Compare Milton, — ' To lodge 
 
 ' Under the spreading favour of these pines... 
 ' To bring me berries or such cooling fruit 
 
 * As the kind hospitable woods provide.' Comus, 184-7. 
 See also Parad, Reg. n. 262. So Shelley,— 
 
 ' The woods to frame a bower 
 ' With interlaced branches mix and meet,' Revolt of Islam, Dcdication. 
 
 15. Bes et cetas. ' Quia res, aetas, usus, semper aliquid apportet novi.' Ter. Ad,. V. 
 
 iv. 2. 
 
 16. Fila...atra. Mart. IV. lxxiii. 3, — 
 
 ' Ultima volventes orabat pensa sorores, 
 
 * Ut traherent parva stamina pulla mora.' Comp. Jv.v. III. 27. 
 
 17. Cedes, etc, Cp. Shakesp. Henry VI. Pt. III. Act v. Sc. 2,— 
 
 ' My parks, my walks, my manors that I had, 
 ' Even now forsake me ; and of all my lands 
 ' Is nothing left me but my body's length.' 
 
 ib, Coemptis saltibus, " bought up, — extensive properties added together." 
 ' Calabris saltibus adjecti Lucani,' Ep. II. II. 178. 
 
 21. Pind, Nem. YII. 19, — a<pvebs irevtxpos re Odvarov irdpa 
 Qafxa (=a/xa) veoviai. 
 Cp. Isthm. ti. 42. Inachus was the most ancient hero of Argos. 
 
 23. Moreris. Cic. de Senect. 23, — ' Commorandi natura deversorium nobis, non, 
 
 ' habitandi locum dedit.' 
 
 24. Nil miseraMis. vrj\ees y)rop ex^v, Hes. Theog. 456 ; Hom. II. i. 158, 
 
 25. Ov. Met, x. 32, — ' Paulumque morati 
 
 ' Serius aut citius sedem properamus ad unam j 
 ' Tendimus huc omnes.' 
 (So the S. S. Eccles. vi. 6, — 'Do not all go to one place ?') 
 
 26. Urna. This metaphor supposes Fate to hold an urn, in which are placed the 
 namesofmen; and as each several lot is shaken out, the man's sentence of 
 death takcs eflect. Carm. III. I. 16= 
 
 f 2 
 
4A N0TE8 ON THE ODEBi BOOK 11. ni, iv. 
 
 28. Cwriba. Eur. Alc. 252,— 
 
 6pu> oiKwtrov 6pa> o~Ka<pos, veKvwv 8e Trop9fxevs 
 *X UV X*P €ir * kovtlo Xdpuv fS fjbi- Ka\e7. 
 JLscn. S. C. Theb. 858, — rav 6.o~tovov fieAayKpoKov vavo~To\ov Oetvpttia. Wagner 
 
 gives full evidenoe For fchia form, cwribce, fchough he notea it u an exoepfcion to 
 fche rule tbat, in worda of Gtreek origin, y repreeenta v. 
 
 CARM. IV.— AD XANTIIIAM PHOCEUM. 
 
 Xanthias Fhoceiis=X. the Phocian ; an ideal Grcck name. See the 
 rhilological Mus. Vol. I. p. 452, sqq. t where Buttmann contrasts the historical 
 character of the fragments of Sappho with the artificial stvle of these Odes. 
 1 In Horace, the materials and persons are themselves the product of art : he 
 ' had to create them, just as much as his imagery and his words.' 
 
 1. Ancill^ transl. M a captive " (' fingit amicum veluti heroicis temporibus amare 
 captivam/ O.) Cp. Hom. II. t. 842, — 
 
 wy Ka\ iyo) tt)v (sc. Briseida) 
 4k Qv/jLov (piXeov SovpiKT7]Trjv irep iovaav. 
 Ov. Am. II. Tiii. 11, — ' Thessalus ancillae facio Briseidos arsit.' 
 
 2. Insolentem. Cp. A. P. 122 [0.] But is not the word used in its proper sense 
 here, " not wont to be moved ?" ' Insolenti laetitia,' supra, III. iii, is " un- 
 wonted," i.e. " extravagant ;" in Carm. III. xxix. 50, " delighting in change ;" 
 in Ep. XVII. 75, insolentiai is paraphrased in Orelli's note ' insolitis artibus/ 
 
 10. Ademptus Hector, " the death of Hector, (the fact of Hector's having been 
 
 slain)." 
 
 Cp. ' Cethegus deprehensus '=" the arrest of Cethegus," Sallust, Cat. 48. 
 Carm. IV. vm. 16. Virg. 2En. xn. 280, — ' post eruta Pex-gama.' Ov. F. 1. 453, — 
 ' defensa Capitolia.' See more instances in Madvig, Gr. 426, and especially one 
 in Thucyd. III. 36, where the usage accounts for the connection of a singular 
 verb with a plura] 1( .jaoun. I cannot think Dr. Donaldson right in restoring the 
 plural Trpoa^vve0d\ovTo. In Livy, ix. 5, tlie editors place a stop after ' lictores 
 abire jussi paludamentaque detracta;' but the verb, ' miserationem fecit,' must 
 be referred to that clause for its nom. case. 
 
 11. Cp. Hom. II. (o. 243 ; Virg. Mn. ix. 155. 
 
 ib. Leviora. Hom. II. x- 287 (Hector ad Achill.), — 
 
 Kal Kev t\a<pp6Tepos Tr6Kefj.os Tpuecrai yevono 
 o~eio KaTacpOifxevoio. 
 17. Scelesta. This adjective may be understood in a general sense, or taken to be 
 an imitation of Theognis and the early Greek Poets, with whom kokoj stands 
 for " base-born ;" ia9\6s, or afxvfiav, for " high-born." Compare the usage of 
 tivayeveia, (=" baseness.") Eur. Herc. F. 663. 
 
 24. Claudere, i.e. " to close." ' Claudere dicit non condere lustrum censoria formula 
 consulto abstinens.' [0.] The one phrase may remind us of the other, but 
 could not, perhaps, be substituted for it. Condere lustrum (as we may infer 
 from Livy, i. 44) meant seemingly "to ofier a lustration by way of completing, 
 or in accompaniment of, the census ;" and then, becoming a recognised term 
 for ' facere ' or ' instituere lustrum,' would naturally be restrained to that sense. 
 
 ib. Lustrum, a period of five years. " Suspect not me, who am just forty years 
 
 old." Ov.Trist. IV. x. 78, ' Novemque Addiderat lustris altera lnstraj 
 
 novem ;' i.c. was ninety years old. So Trist. IV. vni. 33, — 
 
 ' Decem lustris omni sine labe peractis 
 
 ' Parte premor vitas deteriore mese. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. iv, v. 45 
 
 So Fast. IV, 702. Olympias is sometimes used as lustrum. Ov. ex, P. IV. VI. 5, — 
 ' quinquemiis Olympias ;' and Trist. IV. X. 96, — 
 
 ' Postqne meos ortus Pisaea vinctus oliva 
 
 ' Abstulerat decies prasmia victor eques ;' i.e. " I was 50." 
 
 CARM. V. 
 
 1. Ferre jugum. Catull. 68, — ' Indomitam ferre jugum docuit.' Plautus. Curcul. 
 
 I. i. 50, — ' Jamne ea fert jugum ?' Cp. the Gr. epithets &£v£, dofx-fjs, &S/xt]tos, 
 as in Eur. Bacch. 694 ; Soph. El. 1239. 
 
 2. Comparis, " yoked together ;" metaph. " a consort." Cp. Gr. av£v£, avfoos, 
 as in Eur. Alc. 342. 
 
 5. Eur. Bacclx. 866, — ws veBpbs x^oepais efxiral£ovaa KeifiaKos rjdovals, Theocr. xl. 2, — 
 
 jj.6o~x& yavporepa. 
 
 6. Juvencos. Soph. Trach. 539, — 
 
 airb fxarpbs &<pap BeBanev Soare iropTis eprjfxa. 
 So in Eut. Hecub. 52, — aKlpr-nfxa /xoaxov arjs. 
 
 7. Solontis. 'Proprie solamur animum ; tum dolorem, tum mala et malorum 
 causas ;' h. e. ' solando minuimus? Heyne ad Virg. Mn. i. 238. 
 
 10. Immitis uvce=yKavKTJs bit&pas (i.e. " the uncoloured grape.)" Soph, Tracli. 703. 
 
 The first stanzas compare the youth of Lalage to that of an untamed heifer. 
 Here is a change of metaphor — "the unripe grape." Compare the 'tender 
 autumn,' and the ' fruits ready to drop,' of Msch. Suppl. 998, 1001, — 
 
 Tepeiv b-KUipa cY evcpvKaKTOs ovSa/xus. 
 
 KapirujxaTa ard£ovra Kwpvaaei Kvvpis, 
 
 XaAwaa KwKvovaa 8" ws fxe/xr\v epcos. 
 (Tbis last Hne is a corrected reading, approved by Mr. Paley : I understand it to 
 mean " sometimes letting them go, sometimes checking them, according to 
 tbe intensity of passion.)" 
 
 11. Autumnus. Pindar, Isthm. II. 4, describes youth as 'AcppoSiras evdpovov /xvda- 
 Teipav (i.e. "wooing, inviting,") aStarav birwpav. 
 
 12. Imitated by Ov. Met. III. 484, and Prop. IV. n. 13. Comp. Hesiod. Scut. Herc. 
 
 399, — 6epei...0T' 6/xcpaKes aloKKovrai. 
 
 ib. Yarius may include the transitive sense, — " tinting the uncoloured clusters." 
 
 15. Proterva fronte. Tbis is a continuation of the metaphor juvenca;. But see note 
 
 on E. I. ix. 11 ; and Cp. Cic. Legg. I. 9, — ' Is qui appellatur vultus indicat 
 
 mores/ Comp. ffisch* To|<m5es, Fr. 224,— 
 
 alSus tls ayvais irapdevots ya/xvKicov 
 KeKTptov oaais fxr) BKefXfxdTCov peirei BoKr\. 
 (I submit here also, aiSws tis, and oaais, as a conjecture for the corrupt 
 &Scav TaTs, and aarei.) 
 18. Sic. Join with ut. " Chloris bright as the moonbeams on the waters." 
 
 22. i.e. " A visitor's or spectator's eye could hardly distinguish him from the rest." 
 
 23. Solutis. It was customary for the Eoman boys to wear tbeir hair long. Cp. 
 Jiw. *vi. 136, — ' puellares capilh" ;' and Carm. IV. X. 3, — 'humeris involitaut 
 coma3 ;' and Epod. XI. 28. 
 
46 NOTES ON THE ODES >. BOOK II. vi, m. 
 
 CAEM. VI. AD SEPTIMIUM. 
 
 SepUrrwus. A Poman cqv.es, to wliom is addressed Ep. T. ix ; by some styled 
 Titius S. ; a confusion arising from thc old comm. on Ep. I. iii. 9. 
 
 1. Gadis aditurc, "ready to accompany me to the world's end, and through every 
 danger." Gadis, 'reniotis,' Carm, II. n. 10; Juv. X. 1. Comparo CatiuU. 
 xi. 1—14. 
 
 2. Cantabrum. The Cantabri dwelt in Asturias and Biscay. They were con- 
 quered by Augustus, 24 b.c. They revolted again, and finally submitted to 
 Agrippa 19 b.c. 
 
 3. Syrtis, from <rvpw. S. Major and Minor, the Gulfs of Sidra and Cabes, on the 
 African coast, from Tripoli to Tunis. 
 
 5. Argeo...colono, i.e. Tiburno. So Martial. IY. lvii. " Let Tibur be my home ; or, 
 if that be too great a happiness, Tarentum." 
 
 10. Virg. O. II. 197, mentions the pastures in this district, — 
 
 ' Sin armenta magis studiura 
 
 ' Saltus et saturi petito longinqua TarCnti.' 
 ib. Pellitisj " clothed in skin," to protect their rich fleoces. 
 
 ib. Galcesi. Virg. G. IV. 126 (where compare also ' CEbalice turribus ' with 'regnata 
 Laconi arva ') ; Martial, VIII. xxviii. 4. 
 
 11. Begnata. So used in Virg. Mn. iii. 14; vl. 794. 
 
 12. Phalantho, the leader of the emigrant Partheniae to Tarentum, after the first 
 
 Messenian war. 
 
 14 " Rivalling Hymettus for its honey ; Venafrum (in N. Campania) for its olives." 
 
 ib. Hyrnetto ; Venafro. Sc. ' melli Hymettio ;' ' bacae Venafranae/ Cp. C. II. xiv, 
 28, — ' Cenis=cenarum mero.' So C. III. VI. 46, — ' avis=avorum aetate,' So 
 C. IV. X. 5 ; and I. i. 23. So S. II. iv. 3. So Cic. de Orat. i. 4. (lb),—'Ingenia 
 
 nostrorum hominum multum ceteris hominibus praestiterunt.' Ib. i. 
 
 6. (23), — ' Eorum...anctoritatem Grsecis anteponam.' Tusc. Qu. i. 2, — ' Neque 
 cum Graecia,' etc. ; and, Virtus...cnm majoribus nostris comparanda.' So in 
 Greek, Hom. II. p. 51. (See Heusinger 's note on Cic. de Off. I. 22.) 
 
 17. Cp. Virg. G. n. 149, — ' Hic ver assiduum,' etc. 
 
 18. Aulon, perh. avXwv, a hollow near Tarentum. So Gesner, who quotes Martial, 
 
 XIII. cxxv,— 
 
 ' Nobilis et lanis, et felix vitibus Aulon 
 
 ' Dat pretiosa tibi vellera, vina mihi.' 
 
 CAKM. VII.— AD POMPEIUM. 
 
 Pompeius Varus, an old comrade of Horace, at Philippi, supposed then to have 
 fled to Sextus Pompey, then to have been included in an amnesty and- 
 returned. An amnesty is recorded (Vell. Pat. n. 77; Dio, xlviii. 36) as pro- 
 claimed in the year b.c 39, peace having been made with Sext. Pompey. All 
 the proscribed, except Csesar's assassins, had liberty to retnrn to Rome. This 
 Ode is mostly referred to that occasion, but Orelli places it after Actium. 
 
 1. 'Fempus ultimum, " extremity of danger." Cp. Cicero's constant usage of 
 tempus for danger and distress ; and Catull. lxiv. 151, 169. 
 
 3. Redono. A rare word, used again in Carm. III. iii. 33, and nearly in the same 
 signification, if Pompeius came back under pardon ; but Orelli explains it here 
 by reddo, thcre by condono. 
 
N0TE8 ON THE 0DE8 : BOQK II. vn. 47 
 
 3. Quiritem (used only in the poets as a singular noun) ; i,e. in full citizenship. 
 So Orelli. Compare Pers. V. 75, — ' Una Quiritem vertigo facit.' Or, no longer 
 a soldier, as in Tac. Ann. i. 42. So Gesner. 
 
 8. Malobathro. The oil of the ua\6fia9pov } an aromatic Indian plant. It may be 
 translated " with Syrian cinnamon;" Gr. /j.a\dfia9pov, "perhaps the betel or 
 areca nut," Lid. and ScoWs Lex. (But the betel is a creeper, with a succulent 
 aromatic leaf, used, as in Ceylon, for chewing.) Orelli explains it to be the 
 oil of ' Laurus cassia,' i.e. cinnamon ; adding, that the form of the word is a 
 corruption of the Indian Tamalapatram. 
 
 10. Relicta...parmula. Archilochus, Anacreon, and Alcaeus were all remarked as 
 
 pitydo-mbes. See Archil. Fr. 5 (quoted in Aristoph. Pac. 1298) ; Alccei Fr. 32. 
 The story of the last is related in Herod. v. 95. 
 
 11. Minaces. Virg. Mn. X. 817. 
 
 12. Hom. II. &. 418, — irpr\vies iv Kovlycrtv o5a| Xa&laro yalav. II. \. 749, — o5a£ e\ov 
 
 oi/Sas. Virg. Mn. xi. 418, — ' Humum ore momordit.' 
 
 Orelli objects to the common interpretation, 'nec turpe per se significare potest 
 ' cruore pollutum/ nec mentum poni pro ore. Idcirco ad alteram expl. redeo 
 'propositam jam ab Acrone : Turpe solum quo turpiter prostrati precarentur ; 
 ' nam ut antea post aciem Pharsalicam teste Ca3sare, B.C. ni. 98 ; Pompeiani 
 'passis palmis projecti ad terram fientes ab eo salutem petierunt, sic etiam post 
 ' Philippensem multi victoris clementiam supplices implorarunt.' 
 
 13. Mercurius, patron of poets. See Carm. II. xvn. 29. Of Horace especially, see 
 
 Sat. II. vi. 5 — 15. The interposition here ascribed to him is an imitation of 
 the rescue of Paris by Venus, II. 7. 380 ; of iEneas by Apollo, II. e. 334. Cp. 
 Eur. Hel. 243,— 
 
 rbv wkvttovv <=TTZfjLipG MataSos yovov 
 
 os pii...avapirdo-as 01' al94pos...z9iTO. 
 
 14. 15. Cp. Eur. Heracl. 427—430 : ofrives 
 
 ^ip.S>vos iK<pvy6vTes dypiov /J.dvos 
 is X^P a 7V £vv?ityav zlTa x*P<769<iv 
 Ttvoaio-iv T\hd9y)o~av is ttovtov Trd\iv. 
 
 15. Resorbens. Cp. Virg. 2En. xi. 627, — 'iEstu revoluta resorbens Saxa fugit.' 
 
 16. Fretis, abl. c. ; but it has been interpreted as a poetic dative, for in freta. 
 
 Qucere — Whether this construction is not assumed too often ? whether ' rivo 
 jace' in Virg. Ecl. vin. 101, 'fluctibus jaciat,' Mn. x. 683, are not ablatives of 
 space, as ' alnus missa Pado/ V. Geor. II. 452 ? ' It clamor ca^lo ' is thought to 
 be due to a corruption of the old form ' ccelom :' (Key, L. Gr. 988, note.) It 
 may at least be compared with the abl. ' it clamor totis muris,' in 2En. ix. 664. 
 
 17. Obligatam, " bound on you," i.e. imposed on you as a debt. The participle 
 occurs again in Epod. xvn. 67. 
 
 19. Depone. Virg. Mn. VII. 108, — £ Corpora sub ramis deponunt.' 
 
 ib. Lauru. In C. III. IV. 19, ' lauro. 5 See Forbiger on Virg. Ecl. VII. 83. 
 
 21. Oblivioso. olvov \a9iKa8ea, Alcce. 41. 
 
 22. Ciboria. A large cup, Kificopiov, like ciboria, the Egyptian bean (or made of the 
 
 material.) 
 
 23. Conchis, " vases." In Sat. I. 111. 14, " a salt-cellar." 
 
 ib. Udo, " moist " and " fresh ;" or, as \1yp6s, " phant." Cp. Theocr. VII. 68, — 
 
 Tr0\V)vdlXTTT(# T6 0~d\lv(p. 
 
 25. Venus, the highest throw on the dice ; the lowest was canis. Propert. IV. viii. 
 45 ; Ov. A. A. 11. 205 ; or vulturius, — ' Jacit vulturios quatuor '(" he throws four 
 aces;') Plaut. Curc. II. III. 78, 
 
48 NUTES ON TUE 0DE8 i BOOK II. vin, ix. 
 
 CAliM. VIII.— AI) BABINEN. 
 
 1. Jttris...pcjerati, " pcrjury," the conversc of jns-jtirandum, "an oath." In these 
 two phrases thept. in -dus accords with the idca of something to be malntained : 
 the past part. is required to express the breach of it : pejeremd/i would be im- 
 propcr to signify " that which has been broken." For the sentimont, Cp. Ov. 
 Amor. III. III. 1, — 
 
 Esse Deos i crede, fidem jurata fefellit, 
 
 Et (sc. tamen) facies illi, quae fuit ante, manet.' 
 
 8. Publica cura, " the general admiration of all." * The cynosure of neighbouring 
 eyes.' Milton, VAllegro, 80. 
 
 10. Fallere, i. e. to swear falsely by. So Virg. 2En. VI. 324, — ' Di cujus jurare 
 timent et fallere numen.' 
 
 10, 11. Cp. Virg. JEn. ix. 429, — ' Caelum hoc et conscia sidera testor.' 
 
 ib. Toto cum ccelo. Ovid, l. c. ver. 41, — 'Toti facio convicia caelo.' 
 
 13. Ridet hoc. Tibidl. III. vi. 49, — ' Perjuria ridet amantum Juppiter.' 
 
 15. Ardentis. Cp. Mosclms, in"Epu)s Spair^TVS:'' to yap nvpl irdvTa fHfSairTai. 
 
 The force of the epithe t s ferus and cruenta may be illustrated from the proverb 
 and its explanation in S. II. III. 275, — ' Adde cruorem Stultitiae atque ignem 
 gladio scrutare.' 
 
 24. Aura, a metaphor for " influence." Critics compare Propert. II. xxvil. 15. 
 Orelli connects the term with the metaphor ' juvencis' (v. 21), and interprets 
 it according to the usage in Virg. G. III. 251, — ' Notas odor attulit auras.' The 
 latitude with which the poets used the word is evident from Virg. J£n. VI. 204, 
 where it is applied to sight, — ' Auri per ramos aura refulsit.' 
 
 CAEM. IX.— AD VALGIUM. 
 
 Caius Valgius Bufus, mentioned again Sat. I. X. 81. Nothing is known for 
 certain of him, but that he was a poet, and of Consular rank. ' Valgius, 
 seterno propior non alter Homero.' Tibull. IV. I. 180. He was consul suffectus 
 b.c. 12. 
 1. Ov. ex Ponto, IV. iv. 1, — 
 
 ' Nulla dies adeo est australibus humida nimbis, 
 ' Non intermissis ut fluat imber aquis.' 
 So Fast I. 495 ; Eur. Herc. Fur. 102,— 
 
 KdavGvai -ydp roi Kal fipoT&v ai t,vu<popa\ 
 Kal irvevuaT aviuoov ovk ael pwuvv ex 6 '- 
 
 2. Why this mention of the Caspian and Armenia, rather than of the Adriatic 
 
 and Thrace, with which Horace most familiarly associates his ideas of storms 
 and cold ? Probably at this time Rome w r as full of the nova tropaza (ver. 18j 
 and descriptions of the East. The date usually assigned to the Ode is b.c. 20. 
 
 3, Inaiquales, " roughening." Used actively, as probably varius, Carm. II. v. 12 j 
 as informes, Carm. II. x. 15. 
 
 *7. Garganus, a mountain and promontory of Apulia. 
 
 9. Flebilibus modis, i.e. elegies. 
 
 10. Mystes. According to some a favourite son, more probably a friend of Valgius. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. ix. 49 
 
 10. " Xeither at evening nor raorning." So Virg. Georg. IV. 466, — ' Te veniente 
 
 die, te decedente canebat.' 
 ib. Vesper. The morning as well as the evening star. Milton, P. L. V. 166, — ■ 
 ' Fairest of stars, last in the train of night, 
 * If better thou belong not to the dawn, 
 
 ' Sure pledge of day ' 
 
 So Spenser, F. Q. II. xn. 65, — ' That faire starre, the messenger of morne.' 
 
 ' Stella Yeneris quas <pc*>cr<popos Graece, Lucifer Latine dicitnr cnm antegreditur 
 ' solera ; cum subsequitur autem Hesperos.' Cic. N. D. n. 20. 
 So in Ov. Her. xviii. 112, — ' PrEevius AuroraB Lucifer.' Plautus (Amplu I. i. 
 119) uses the name Vesperugo. 
 
 12. Rapidum. ' Solitum apud poetas Solis iiriderov propter celerrimum cursum.' 
 
 [0.] So in Ovid,— 
 
 ' Placat equo Persis radiis Hyperiona cinctum 
 
 ' Ne detur celeri victima tarda Deo.' Fast. I. 385. 
 But it is also used of his " uncliecked, scorching heat," as in Virg. Georg. i. 92. 
 Cp. ' rapidus ignis,' Virg. G. IV. 425 ; and EcL II. 10, with Coningtorfs note. 
 
 13. Ter cevofunctvs, Nestor, 
 
 rcf 8' t)8t) Svo fxev yeveal fxepoiraiv avQpairuv 
 
 icpdiaTO 
 
 ...fxzTa Se TpiT&Toicriv avacraev. Hom. 17. a. 250, 252. 
 By later poets the three generations were lengthened into three centuries, 
 as in Ov. Met. XII. 188, — ' Yixi Annos bis centum, nunc tertia vivitur setas.' 
 Comp. Juv. Sat. x. 246. 
 
 14. Ov. Herovl. i. lo, — ' Antilochum narrabat ab Hectore victum.' According to 
 Hora. Od. 8. 187, and Pind. Pyth. VI. 32, slain by Memnon. 
 
 16. Troilon, son of Priam. Comp. Virg. 2En. i. 474, — 
 
 ' Fugiens amissis Troilus armis, 
 
 ' lnfelix puer atque impar congressns Achilli.' 
 A Fragment of Callimaclms, referring to his early death (Fr. 363), is quoted 
 as a kind of proverb in Cic. Tusc. II. i. 39, — ' Multo saspius lacrimasse 
 Priamum quam Troilum.' The citation is in these words in Phttarch, — Melov 
 •yap ovtcos TpwiAos iSdfcpvcrev $ Ylpiafxos ' possibly taken, as Blomfield stiggests, 
 from a pentameter, — Melov iddxpvcrev TpwiKos ^ Ylpiafxos. 
 
 17. Desino commonly has an iofinitive follovring it. Here it has the construction 
 which in Greek belongs generally to verbs of removal or separa.tion from. In 
 Virg. Ecl. v. 19, viii. 61, desmo governs an accusative. So in Ov. Met. vi. 215. 
 In Carm. III. xxvii. 70, abstineo gov. irarvm. In Virg. JEn. I. 37, desisto gov. 
 incepto, abl. Cp. Ccbs. B. G. V. 11. In 2En x. 441, pv.gnce. Xriye yocov, Bioa, 
 in Adonid. o/l r 
 
 18. Nova...tropcea. See the Table of Clironology, B.c. 20. Cp. the description of 
 
 Augustns' victories in Virg. Georg. ill. 27—29. 
 
 20. Niphates, now Barema, erroneously spoken of as a river by the later poets, 
 Lucan. III. 245 ; Silius, Xin, 765 ; Juvenal, vi. 409. 
 
 21. Mednimfi: Euphrates. There can be no doubt of this interpretation ; and the 
 
 line in Yirgil, JEn. VIII. 726, — ' Fhvphrates ibat jam mollior undis ' may be said 
 to confirm it ; while it also furnishes an instance of the curiouslv* frequenc 
 coincidence in expression and idea of these two poets. The epithet Medus is 
 used with equal latitude by each; e.g. ' Medus Hydaspes,' Geor. iv. 211, 
 whether by poefs licence, or because (as shown innote on C. I. n. 22) it was 
 equivalent to Parthian, and might signify any part of the great Eastern 
 Erupire of the day. The idea is adapted by Ov. Fast. i. 286, — ' Tradiderat 
 famulas jam tibi Rhenus aquas.' Is it connected with, or suggested bv Xeno- 
 phon's statements of the ebbing of the Euphrates when Cyrus crossed it ? 
 eSo/cei Se delov eivai, Kal cra<pa>s VTrox^pv^aL tov TcoTafxhv Kvpcp. Anab. I. Iv. 18, 
 Plutarch at a later date afiirms the same seeming prodigy in the history of 
 Lncullus. 
 
50 NOTES 0N THE ODES : B00K II. tx, x. 
 
 23. QeUmos, a Sarmatian tribe. ' Pictos Gelonos,' Virg. Qeorg. n. 115 ; ' sagittiferos/ 
 
 .■/■:,<. vni. 725. 
 
 24. Exiguis, u narrowed," as having now a limit (prcescriptum) set to them. 
 
 CAKM. X.— AD LICINIUM. 
 
 Licinius Murena : after adoption by A. T. Varro, Aulus Terentius Vcunre Mwrena. 
 Brother of Proculeius, mentioned Carm. II. II. 5. Tho odo is a warning (in 
 his caso ineffectual) to throw away ambition. See Cowper's translation of 
 this Ode, and reflections. Cp. Eurip. Antiop. Fr. 36, — 
 ouVe vavTi\ov <pi\w 
 to\ia£>vt<x \iav, ovre irpoaTdrnv xQov6s. 
 
 Cp. Gray, Ode for Music, stanza 8, — 
 
 ' Through the wild waves as they roar, 
 
 1 With watchful eye and dauntless mien, 
 ' Thy steady course of honour keep, 
 
 ' Nor fear the rocks nor seek the shore.' 
 
 5. Auream. Cp. Lucian, Necyom. 4. 
 
 ib. Mediocritatem. ' Quse est inter nimium et parum,' Cic. Off. I. 25. Cp. Ewvp. 
 Med. 125 — 30, — tu>v yap fxtTploiv, k. t. A. 
 
 6. Obsoleti sord. ' Simili verborum compositione Cic. pro Sestio, 28, — virtus... 
 neque alienis umquam sordibus obsolescit.' [O.] 
 
 ib. Obsoleti, prop. " over-grown, incrusted with filth." ' Obsoleta sordibus,' Epod. 
 xvii. 46, " of base parentage." Obs for ob in composition is found in ostendo. 
 There is a double antithesis here : tutus, sobrius, sordibus, aula, as in C. n. 1. 
 
 10. Cp. Lucian, Cliaron, 14 ; Eurip. Fr. 181 ; Juv. X. 107 ; and HannibaVs Speech 
 in Liv. xxx. 30, — ' Quanto altius elatus erat ' (sc. A. Kegulus) ' eo fcedius 
 corruit.' 
 
 12. Cp, Shakesp. Rich. III. Act I. Sc. m, — ' They that stand high have many blasts 
 
 to shake them ;' and especially Lucret v. 1127. So Ov. Rem. Am. 370, — 
 . . . ' Perflant altissima venti, 
 ' Summa petunt dextra fulmina missa Jovis.' And Trist. III. IV. 5. 
 
 13. Cp. Sopli. Trach. 297, — rapBttv tov eu irpdffo-ovTa [x)} o-<pa\fj itot4. So Eur. Ino, 
 Fr. 21. Also, cpSBos cvjx-KapojxapTuv, Xen. Cyrop. VIII. Vii. 7. 
 
 14s.Altera.rn. * Similiter apud Gr. erepos dal/xwv.' Pind.PytJi.IU.S4:; [O.] Add 
 Eur. H. F. 1238, — K\a(<a X° L P LV ^V *<fi hripaiai avjxcpopals, So Soph. Phil. 503, — ■ 
 trade7v fxev eu TtaQziv 5e darepa. And Livy, ix. 16, — ' Nondum alteram fortunam 
 expertus,' (i.e. " a reverse of fortune."J 
 
 15. ' Juppiter omnis tempestatis arbiter, C. I. xn. 15 : add Arist. Av. 1502.' [M.] 
 
 15-17. Theocr. IV. 44, — T «x' o.vpiov eWeT* ajxeivov ' 
 
 %w Zeus &A\oKa /xev 7re'Aei oXQpios, &WoKa 5' $ei. 
 
 18. Comp. Ov. ex Ponto, IV. viii. 75, — 
 
 ' Utque nec ad citharam nec ad arcum segnis Apollo est, 
 • ' Sed venit ad sacras nervus uterque manus.' 
 
 19. Suscitat. Cp. Pind. 01. IX. 47, — eyeip' iirevv a<piv olfxov \iyvv. Isthm. VII. 1 j 
 Lucr. ii. 412. 
 
 21. Cp. Soph. Elect. 916, — a\\\ S> (pi\v, Odpavve ■ ro?s avTolai roi 
 
 ovx avrbs ae\ Sai/xdvcev TrapaaTaTeZ 
 
 22. Sapienter idem. " Again, you will do well to shoi'ten sail," (i. e. control your- 
 
 self,) " when in a prosperous course." 
 
 23. Contraho. Gr. avaTiWw. Imitated by Ov. Trist. III. iv. 43. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. xi, xn. 51 
 
 CAEM. XI.— AD QUINTIUM. 
 
 Quintius Hirpinus. Perhaps the same intimate friend addressed in Ejp. i. 16. 
 1. Scythes. The tribes on the north of the Danube. 
 
 3. " Shut off from us by the barrier of the Hadriatic." Objecto=interjposito. Cp. 
 
 Virg. Georg. iv. 503. 
 
 4. Uswm...ozvi, " the supply of what life needs." Usus, " the use or possession of 
 things ;" then, the things themselves. Hence the phrase purpurarum usus, 
 for purpurce, Carm. III. i. 42. Usus olivi, for olivum, Virg. Georg. n. 466. 
 Usus equi, Ov. Fast. v. 592. 
 
 5. Poscentis . . .pauca. * Man wants but little here below, 
 
 ' Nor wants that little long.' 
 Goldsmith' s Edwin and Angelina (in Vicar of Wakefield.J 
 Compare Lucret. n. 20. 
 
 6. Levis=imberbis. 
 
 9. Comp. Ov. A. A. n. 115. See WordswortKs Poems on the Affections, — 
 ' Look at the fate of summer flowers, 
 ' Which blow at daybreak, droop ere evensong,' &c. 
 
 13. Platano. e Ministrantem platanum potantibus umbras,' Virg. G. IV. 146. 
 
 14. Sic temere. ' Homeri illud, II. $. 120, /uaif/ ovtw. Plato, Gorg* 506, D. ovtcos 
 elnr}. Politic. 295, A. Kal ttcos ovtuq-I TraxvTepeos,., Idem usus obtinet apud 
 Virg. 2En. i. 224; (add v. 668;) viii. 488, — 'longa sic morte necabat ;' ws 
 eruxe.' [0.] English, " just as we are." (See Munro on Lucret. v. 970.) Temere, 
 
 " lighty, carelessly." Compare, by way of illustration, Cic. ad Fam. n. 7, — 
 Non scribo hoc temere'=" I mean what I say." Plaut. Aulul, 616, — ' Non 
 temere est qwod, etc.'=" it is not for nothing, that, &c." Ibid. 182, — ' Non 
 temerariumst.' 
 
 ib. Bosa. Not rose-water or ointment, which is implied in v. 16, but "wreaths :" 
 Eurip. Erecth. Frag. 13, — aeidoiui. Se o-Te<pdi/ois K&pa 
 
 iroXibv (TTecpavujcras. So in Herc. F. 676. 
 
 18. Quis. A question, to express a command. Cp. Virg. Mn. IV. 595. So above, 
 vil. 23. Cp. Eur. Bacch. 170, — tIs e«:«:aAe?, followed by Itoo tis iiadyyeAAe ; and 
 Soph. Antig. 885. So, " to express a wish," Georg. n. 488. 
 
 21. Hevium, " living retired," Orelli quotes Liv. m. 13 ; and Ov. Heroid. II. 118, 
 ' devia avis,' " the lonely owl." ' Apud Ov. Trist. III. vn. 30, devia femina de 
 meretrice.' [D.] 
 
 ib. Scortum...cum lyra. Comp. Ter. Ad. Act. Y. Sc. IX. 7, — 'Cum fide scortum 
 adducere.' (Where consult by all means W. B. Marriotfs note, 964.) 
 
 23. " Binding her hair simply, not waiting for further ornament." Laccence. The 
 Laconian simplicity of dress is well known. For the nodus, as a mark of it, 
 see the description of the Tegesean huntress (Atalanta), — ' Crinis erat simplex 
 nodum collectus in unum.' Ov. Met. vm. 319. 
 
 CARM. XII.— AD MJICENATEM. 
 
 1. Longa...bella, from 143 — 133, b.c. Numantia, on the Durius. 
 
 2. Dirwn. On the propriety of this epithet Orelli quotes Quintil. VIII. II. 9« 
 Bentley reacls durum, for the sake of the antithesis to mollibus (as in C. 1Y. i« 
 7), with the support of many good MSS. ; but their authority is outweighed 
 by Qnintilian's. 
 
 9 2 
 
52 NOTES ON THE ODES -. BOOR II. xil xfty. 
 
 li. Sicuhm ma/re. In fche first Fanio war fchere vrerefour aaval batfcles ; that of 
 Duilius, near Mylaa Portua ■• fchal of At. Regulua (Serranus) oflftlu 
 bhree years later; fcharf of Bianlius and Regulus, in fche aexl year, oflf Ecnomus j 
 
 and tliat of Lut. Catulus, ncar thc iEgatcs InsnlsB, whioh closed fche war. 
 
 G. lltjlann,}. :i Oentanr. Fwv/. Qeorg. n. 457, — ' Magno Hylseum Lapithis cratcro 
 
 minantcm.' 
 9. rcdestrihus. ' Prosam orationem et quam pcdcstrem Graeci vocant.' Quintil. X. 
 
 I. 81. 7re0 T€.:.Koi ytieTa /j.4rpa)v, Pl«l<>, Soph. p. 2:i7, \. 
 9 — 11. Tuque Mcecenas, melius. Servius, on Georg. II. 42., asserts that 
 
 Ma^cenas wrote a history of Augustus' life. Orelli understands fche vrorda in 
 
 a general sense, "any one would celebrate ;" and takes no account of the em- 
 
 phasis on tu and Mcecenas. 
 
 12. Cp. Consolatio acl Liviam, 273, — 
 
 ' Aspiciam regum liventia colla catenis, 
 
 ' Duraque per saeva^ vincula nexa manus ; 
 ' Et tandem trepidos voltus.' So Propert. II. I. 33 ', Ov . Trid. 
 IV. ii. 45. 
 
 13. Licymnice. Probably a poetical disguise for Licinice ; i.e. Terentia?, Maecenas' 
 
 bride, who was of the Licinia gens, and sister of L. Murena and Proculeius. 
 The mention of a sacred ceremony, and her part in it, is adduced by Orelli as 
 internal evidence that she was a Koman lacly (mairona,non libertiaa.) Cp. 
 A.P. 232, and C. IV. vi. 31. The name Lic]/mnia occurs in Virg. Mn. i>.. 
 5i6, — ' Serva Licymnia.' 
 
 20. Celebris, i.e. " thronged with worshippers." 
 
 21. Achcemenes. Herocl. vn. 11. Mygdonias. Hom. II. y. 185, 186, — 
 
 ^pvyas &vepas aloXoirdohovs 
 Aaovs 'Orprjos koX MvySovos avTiOeoio. 
 
 26. Ov. A. A. iii. 579,— 
 
 ' Quod datur ex facili longum male nutrit amorem, 
 ' Miscenda est lsetis rara repulsa jocis.' 
 
 CAEM. XIII.— IN ARBOREM, CUJUS CASU P.ENE OPPRESSUS 
 
 EUERAT. 
 
 1. Nefasto. Ov. Fast. i. 47. 
 
 5 — ]0. " I could believe him guilty of the greatest criines." Compare generally 
 Ov. Am. I. XII. 15, — 
 
 ' Illum etiam qui vos ex arbore vertit in usum 
 
 ' Convincam puras non habuisse manus. 
 ' Prsebuit illa arbor misero suspendia colio, 
 ' Carnifici diras prsebuit ilia cruces.' 
 
 6. Fregisse. So used in Sallust, Cat. 55 ; Cic. Verr. v. 42. 
 
 8. Colcha, i.e. from Colchis, now Mingrelia, E. of the Euxine, Medea's country, 
 looked upon as a land of sorcery. See JEpod. m. 12 ; xvi. 58. 
 16. Timet. So above C. II. vi. 14, ' ridet ;' and I. iii. 36, 'perrupit ;' S. II. n. 47, 
 ' erat.' See also C. I. xiii. 6. These are by some considered to be not so much 
 instances of the power of ccesura as of archaism, and the retention of the 
 ancient quantity. See Keifs Grammar, § 412, and note; and his fuller ex- 
 position in the Journal of Education, vol. ix. p. 40. He refers there to RitschVs 
 Plauttis, Prolegom. p. 82, for statements and authorities. The student may 
 also consult Wagner on the Aulularia, Introduction, pp. 18, 19. Lachmann 
 discusses the question in his notes on Lucr. i. 11, and II. 27. In this passage 
 of Horace he reads ' timetve :' and the more this correction is considered, 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. xm. 53 
 
 the more plausible it seems. Apart from the metrical question, there is an 
 evident awkwardness in combining the two adverbs, v.Jtra, cdiunde, withont a 
 conjunction. The use and position of ve would be the same as in S. II. III. 
 139, — ' Non aususve.' 
 
 17. Sagittas. ' Vere sublimi imagine eundem Israe]itarum timorem a pharetratis 
 Assyriis expressit Jeremias V. 16, — 'H cpaperpa avroiv &s rdcpos aveaiyfi.evos." 
 [0.] Sagittas et fugam. Virg. Georg. III. 31, — ' Fidentemque fuga Parthum 
 versisque sagittis.' So Milton, P. Beg. III. 323, — 
 
 ' How quick they wheeled, and, flying, behind them shot 
 
 ' Sharp sleet of arrowy showers against the face 
 
 ' Of their pursuers, and overcame by flight.' 
 
 19. Bobur, the dungeon of death at Rome ; Liv. xxxviii. 59, — 'In robore et tenebris 
 exspiret.' The earliest prison at Eome was the Carcer of Ancus Martius, Juv. 
 Sat. iii. 314, to which was added afterwards the TuJlianum of Servius. 
 
 21. Furvce, an old word, used especially as an epithet of the regions of death. Cp. 
 Ov. Met. V. 541. Said to be akin to ' fuscus ' and * uro,' and therefore to 
 signify burnt brown, dusJcy. But Liddell amd Scottfs Lex. seems to connect it 
 with bpcpvbs and epecpto. 
 
 23. Discretas. See Epod. xvi. 63. Cp. Virg. 2En. viii. 670, — 'secretosque pios.' 
 
 24. JEoJiis. Sappho and Alcaeus were the two great leaders of the iEolian school 
 
 of lyric poetry. Sappho calls her house [xovaSivoAov oliclav : it is conjectured 
 fhat she was the centre of a literary society, in which she may have had rivals. 
 Gorgo and Andromeda are mentioned as avrWexvoi. (The imputatious brought 
 against her by the comic poets (Cp. Ov. Ep. xv.) and sometimes implied in 
 the explanations of this passage, are refuted by Welcker; and see Muller's 
 Literature qf Greece.) They were contemporary with Pittacus, who held his 
 power as alav/j.v7]Tris, 588—579 b.c. Alcasus' share in the hardships of the 
 civil war is alluded to w. 27 \ 28. 
 
 26. Cp. Ov. Ep. xv. 30 ; A. A. I. 206. 
 
 ib. Aureo...plectro. Pind. Nein. v. 24; Eur. Herc. F. 351. Quintilian assigns 
 rather a fanciful emphasis to the adjective, lib. X. i. 63. 
 
 28. Durafugce mala. Virg. 2En. m. 160, — 'Longumque fuga? ne linque laborem.' 
 
 30. Mirant ur is used here with acc. and infin. instead of the simple acc. So, in 
 
 Carm. II. ix. 19, cantemus has both constructions following it. 
 
 31. Tyrannos, probably the leaders of the popular party, as Myrsilus (see note on 
 C. I. xxxvii. 1), Megalagyrus and the Cleanactidae, by whom Alca^us, who was 
 on the side of the nobles, was exiled. Pittacus also, when invested with 
 supreme power, was attacked by the poet in his odes. Melanchius, however, 
 a former tyrant of Lesbos, is praised by him in Fragm, 21. (On the origin and 
 age of the word rvpavvos, see the Greek argument to the (Eclvpus Tyrtmnus.) 
 
 32. Densum umeris, " crowding up." 
 
 33. Virg. Geor. IV. 471 ; Ov. Met. x. 41, sqq. 
 
 34. Centiceps. 'A/Seco Kvva x a ^- K *° < P Ci)V0V ^^vrf\KovraKdpr\vov. Hesiod, Theog. 312. 
 Atdov rpiKpavov crKvKaKa, SopJi. TracJi. 1098. 
 
 35. Intorti...angues. JEscJi. CJioepJi. 1049 ; Virg. Georg. IV. 482 ; CatulJ.Lxix. 
 
 37. Pelopis parens, Tantalus, of whose punishment see Odyss. A. 582 ; and Lucv. 
 
 iii. 980. 
 
 38. Laborum decipitur, "has his sufferings beguiled." ' Fallere curam, laborem,' 
 is a common phrase ; so ' decipitur labor ' might be used. Tbis seems to be 
 an instance of the partitive genitive ; as the vetus ScJioJiastes explains it. " He 
 has a part of his labours taken from him." Key, in Lat. Grarn. 940, says, — 
 ' Verbs of removal or separation have a gen. in old writers and poetry ; so in 
 Horat. ' abstineto iraruni, desine querellarum ;' and (which jnst corresponds to 
 
51 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. xm, xiv. 
 
 this passage), 'mc laborum lcvas.' Plaut. Eud. 1. iv. 27, — ' Ncc scrmonis fal- 
 lc har,' "nor was I chcatcd out of what they said." 1'laut. Epid. II. II. 05. 
 
 39. Orion. Odyss. \. 57 
 
 Tlpluva TrfXccfjiov elcrev^naa 
 6?ipas u/jlov ei\evvTa. 
 
 40. Lyncas. Virg. Georg. III. 264. 
 
 CABM. XIV.-AD POSTUMUM. 
 
 2. Lahuntur. Ov. Met. xv. 179 ; Fast. vl. 771. 
 ib. Nec Pietas, etc. Ov. Am. III, ix. 37. Cp. Solon, XV. 9, — 
 oi>5' av &TToiva SiSovs Odvarov <pvyoi ou5e fiapeias 
 
 vovaovs ovde Kaicbv ynpas eTrepx6/J.evov. So Mimnermv.s, Frag. V. 6. 
 
 4. Indomitce. Affins roi afj.el\ix<>s 7?5' aSajxatrTOS, Hom. II. i. 158. So JZsch. Niobe, 
 
 Fragm. 147. 
 
 5. Trecenis* " 300 bulls (three hecatombs) every day." Orelli compares the vow 
 mentioned in Livy, xxii. 10, — ' Bubus Jovi trecentis.' Lucian (in his apparent 
 reference to this passage, Qe&v 4kk\. 13,) seems to have understood it thus. 
 
 Compare Isocr. Areop. 145, — ovcV, SVoTe fxev So^eiev avTols, rpiaKoaiovs $ovs 
 %irefj.iTov, oirore 5e Tvxoiev, T °- 5 Tarpiovs Bvcrias e£e\enrov. 
 
 There is some question whether the line does not mean " one victim offered 
 every day all the yeo.r round," 300 being put as a rouud number for 365. (Mr. 
 Conington in his Translation quotes, and approvingly, Eitter, as suggesting 
 this.) But the adoption of the distributive ' trecenis ' is against it. 
 
 ib. Quotquot eunt dies. Compare the Homeric phrase for oavpLepai, Odyss. £. 93. 
 
 7. Ter amjplum. Lucret. V. 28, — ' Tripectora tergemini vis Geryonai.' 
 
 ' Forma tricorporis umbrae,' Yirg. 2En. vi. 2S9. 
 rbv Tpiauiju.aTov £01-770' 'EpvOeias, Eurijp. Here. F. 423. 
 
 8. Tityon, Hom. Odyss. \. 576 ; Yirg. JEn. VI. 595 ; and Lucret. 111. 984 — 94 ; 
 who allegorizes this myth, and, in the following lines, those of Sisyphus and 
 the T)a n ai g env.s ; making Tityus typify the victim of passion ; Sisyphus, a 
 restless ambition ; the Danaides, unsatisfied desire. The lines on Tityus are 
 the original of Gray's, — ' These shall the fury passions tear, 
 
 ' The vultures of the mind.' 
 
 9. Omnibus. 'Af oa irayKoivov \ifxvas, Soph. Elect. 138. 
 
 10. Hom. 17. C 142, — oi apovpvs Kapirbv eSovcn. 
 
 11. Enaviganda, " to be crossed once for all ;" eincomposition expressingf77orouj7i- 
 ness, finality. 
 
 14. Fractis...fluctibus. Yirg. Mn. 1. 165; X. 292. 
 
 15. Per autvmnos. Alluding to the malaria and the sickly season of autumn. So 
 
 Carm, III. xxui. 8 ; Sat. II. vi. 19 ; Juvenal, Sat. X~221. 
 
 18. Cocytos. Yirg. Mn, VI. 132 ; Ceorg. iv. 478 ; and Milton, P. L. 11. 579,— 
 
 ' Cocytus named of lamentation loud 
 1 Heard on the rueful stream.' 
 The epithet languid.o is thought to represent Pindar's fS\-nxp6s in Thren.l, — 
 fi\nxpc). Svocpepcts vvKrbs iroTafioi. 
 
 19. T)amnatv.s...laboris. An unusual construction, but compared by the Scholiast 
 
 with the common damnatus cwpitis. 
 
 20. Sisyphus. Hom. Od. \. 593. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. xiv, xv. 55 
 
 23, Cupressos. Planted near tombs. See the story in Ov. Met. x. 106 — 42, — 
 ' Tristisque deus, " Lugebere nobis, Lugebisque alios, aderisque dolentibus," 
 ' inquit.' 
 
 24. Brevem, " short-lived." So Carm. II. iii. 13 ; especially Carm. I. XXX7I. 16» 
 where it is opposed to vivax. 
 
 27. Tinget pavimentwm. Cp. Shakesp. Timon, Act II. Sc. n, — c Our vaults have wept 
 with druhken spilth of wine.' Cic. Philipp. n. 41, — 'Natabant pavhnenta 
 vino.' 
 
 28. PontiJicum...cenis. Martiol, XII. xlviii. 12. 
 
 CAKM. XV.— IN SUI S^CULI LUXUBJAM. 
 
 1. In illustration of the extravagance and extent of Eoman villas at this time, 
 Cicero is qnoted, pro Milone, 20 and 31, — ' substructionum insanis molibus.' 
 Ep. ad Quint. III. I. 5, — c villarum insaniam.' Sallust, Cat. B. 13, illustrates 
 also the concluding reflections of this Ode, — ' Operee pretium est cum domos 
 c atque villas cognoveris in urbium modum exsedificatas visere templa Deorum, 
 ' quse nostri majores religiosissimi mortales fecere.' [31.] quotes also Plin. 
 Ep. ii. 17 ; but his later date must be remembered. [0.] quotes Tac. Ann. III. 
 53. On the luxury of the age, and the piscince of sucb. men as Lucullus and 
 Hortensius, see Meriva.Ws Rome, Vol. I. ch. II. p. 89. (His anecdote from 
 Velleius Pat. is in Scrip. Romaiii, Etonce, p. 261, sect. 'Lucullus.') 
 
 3. Viso, frequentative of video, " to look at often, or attentively." 8edo_uai. 
 
 4. Stagna. The extent of these artificial lakes may be implied, Ep. I. xviit. 63. 
 
 ib. Platanus. Pliny, xn. 1. Platanus ccelebs, the converse of 'amicta vitibus 
 ulmo,' Epist. I. xvi. 3. 
 
 5. Violaria ; 7. Olivetis. The termination -arium or -etum gives nouns a col- 
 lective meaning. In Greek, such nouns end in -ow or -oivla, as £\aiuv, 
 olivetwm ; Iwvia, violarium ; poSekv or podwvia, rosetnm or rosarium : so devSpwv, 
 a/.nre\cbv, iTecov. 
 
 6. Myrtus, nom. plur. See Forbiger, note on Virg. Ecl. vn. 6. 
 
 ib. Copia narium. A curious phrase for sweet-smelling flowers. Karium. This 
 word is common in Satiric, but not in other poetry, as applied to persons. 
 Used of animals, it occurs frequently in the Georgics. In construction, tbe 
 genitive is objective. 
 
 8. Horace complains that ornamental shrubs and flowers take the place of useful 
 plantations. Comp. Quintil. YIII. iii. 8. 
 
 10. Ictus. 7)\lov fio\a\, Eur. Bacch. 458. Qipfx 7j\tov ro^vfx^ra, Incert. ap. Stob. 
 
 Flor. G-rot. 393. ' Ictus, verbera solis,' Lucret. v. 4S6, 612, etc. 
 
 11. Cato. The Censor, born 234 B.c. ; Censor 184. Intonsi. Cp. Carm. I. xii. 41. 
 ' Anno demum u.c. 454 (=B.c. 300) tonsores e Sicilia Eomam venerunt.' Plin. 
 H. N. vn. 59. 
 
 14. Decempeda, " a ten-foot rod." 
 
 16. Porticv.s. Juv. vn. 178 — 83 ; and Ov. A. A. i. 67. The public porticoes were 
 numerous at Eome. See E. I. i. 71 ; and vi. 26. 
 
 17. Ccespitem. Virg. Ecl. i. 69, — ' Pauperis et tuguri congestum csespite culmen.' 
 Turf was good enough for private, marble was reserved for public and sacred 
 builclings. Compare Cic. pro Flacco, 12 ; and Ov. Fast. i. 203, — c Frondibus 
 ornabant quse nunc Capitolia gemmis.' 
 
 20. Novo. ( Xon redivivo lapide, sed novo et vivo.' Lambinus. 
 
5G NOTES ON THi; 0DE8 1 BOOR IT. xvi, xvn. 
 
 CAKM. XVL— AD GROSPIHM. 
 
 Pompeius Cros}->hus, a wealthy Sicilian, rccommcndcd fEpist. i. 12) to thc 
 notice of Iccius, then farming Agrippa's cstates in Sicily, in thcse terms, — 
 ' Nil Grosphus nisi verum orabit et aoquum.' 
 
 2. Prensus, in a storm ; as ' deprensis/ Virg. Georg. iv. 421. 
 
 3. Certus is used for " clear, unshaded ;" as ' incertus ' (Virg. Ecl. v. 5,) for 
 "chequered, fitful." Cp. Tibull. I. ix. 19. 
 
 5. Bello furiosa Thrace. Eurvp. Hecub. 1088 ; Virg. JEn. III. 18 j Gray's Progress 
 qf Poesy, — * On Thracia's hills the lord of war,' &c. 
 
 9. i.e. Neither wealth nor power can calm disquietude. 
 
 10. Summovet. Properly used of the lictor's office, — ' I, lictor, summove turbam/ 
 Livy, iii. 48 and 45 : used generally, Carm. II. xvi. 10 ; xviii. 21. 
 
 14. Compare — ' Sit mihi mensa tripes et 
 
 f Concha salis puri.' Sat. I. lil. 14. 
 
 A description of content. Splendet, joined with tenui, expresses the character, — 
 'In neutram partem cultus miser.' Sat. II. n. 66, viz. " elegance with 
 frugality." 
 
 16. Sordidus. Sat. II. n. 53. 
 
 17. Fortes, i. e. beyond our power ; fancying ourselves strong and secure, though 
 
 our life is short. 
 
 ib. Jaculari. ' Plane ut Gr. To£evew, Eur. Hec. 603 ; Swppl. 745.' [M.] Soph. (Ed. 
 Tyr. 1196. 
 
 18. Quid...mutamus. Orelli compares Virg. Georg. n. 512. 
 
 21. Comp. Lucret. n. 48 ; and in. 1063. 
 
 27. Nihil...beatum. Cp. Eur. Stheneb. Fr. 1, — ovk %<ttiv o&tis tt&vt av7jp zvdat/Aove7. 
 Bacchylides, Fr. 1. 
 
 29, 30. The best comment on this is Juvenal's Tenth Satire. 
 
 30. So Mimnermus ($6yos ynpws,) — Tidoovti pXv eSw/cev %x^tv nanov &<pOiTov 6 Zei/s 
 yfjpas 
 
 35. Bis...tincto3. Gr. dl&acpa. Compare Plin. IX. xxxix. 63, — 'Huic (sc. violaceae 
 ' purpurse) successit dibapha Tyria, qua^ in libras denariis niille non poterat 
 
 ' emi Dibapha tunc dicebatur quee bis tincta esset, veluti magnifico 
 
 ' impendio.' Comp. Ov. A. A. III, 170, — ' QuaB bis Tyrio murice lana rubes.' 
 Cicero uses the word jestingly, to signify official rank, ad F. IT. 16, — ' Curtius 
 ' noster dibaphum cogitat, sed eum infector (" the dyer "J moratur.' 
 
 37. Cp. Bacchyl. Fragm. 28. (Infra, xvm. 7, note.J 
 
 39. Non mendax, " sure ; unfailing in the fulfilment of their decrees." Compare 
 ' veraces,' C. Scecul. 25 ; and Persius, v. 42, — ' Parca tenax veri.' So Orelli. 
 
 Genius is represented as the gift of Pate in Pind. 01. ix. 26-28 ; also in 
 Nem. iv. 41-43 ; where the poet infers from it his own eventual triumph over 
 detraction ; as Horace may be said to do here. 
 
 CAKM. XVII.— AD M^CENATEM. 
 
 1. Seneca, Ep. 101, has preserved some lines of Msecenas, expressing his dread of 
 death, — ' Vita dum superest bene est, 
 ' Hanc mihi, vel acuta 
 ' Si sedeam cruce, sustine.' 
 (See McrivaWs Hist. of Rome, vol. IV. ch. xxxvi.) 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. xvn, xvni. 57 
 
 1. Exanimas. Cic.pro Milone, 34 (93,) — c Me quidem exanimant et interemunt 
 
 ' hae voces Milonis,' 
 3. Mearum...rerum, ec mj prosperity," or more simply==mei, as in Gr. ra 4fia=iy6. 
 
 But Cp. E. L i. 103 ; and Juv. vii. 22. 
 5,7. Carm. I. iii. 8. c Thyself mine own selfs better part,' Adriana to Anti- 
 
 pholus, in Comedy of Errors, Act III, Sc. II. Cp. Ov. Trist, IV. X. 32, — ' Cum 
 
 * perit (sc. frater) et coepi parte carere mei.' (On the sentiment and its sin- 
 
 cerity, see Preface, pp. xiii, xiv.) 
 
 10, Sacramentum, properly a deposit as " caution-money " in a law-suit ; so called 
 because, if forfeited, it was applied to sacred purposes : afterwards, " an oath" 
 (as here ;) properly the military oath of obedience to the general. 
 
 11. Supremum carpere iter. rav vedrav 68bv crrelxovcrav, Soph. Antig. 807. 
 
 13, The sense is, — "No dangers shall part me fromyou (Cp. Epod. I. 5-14;) such 
 is my wish, and (vv. 16—21,) the will of Fate, which has linked our destinies 
 together." 
 
 17. Libra ; Scorpius ; Capricornus. For mention of these, as Zodiacal signs, see 
 
 Virg. Georg. i. 208, and i. 33 ; and Cicero's translation of Aratus, in Nat.D. II. 
 44. For their astrological character, comp, Manil. Astron. IV. 548 (as quoted 
 by Orelli,) where the description under Libra may probably be a reference to 
 Augustus. (See Heyne on Virg. Georg. I. 33.) 
 
 ib. Adspicit, i. e. as the star of my horoscope ; an ellipse, to be supplied from the 
 following clause. 
 
 18. Pars violentior, i.e. exercising the most powerful influence on my nativity. 
 
 20. Hesperice. The influence of Capricorn is placed by the poets in the West. 
 Manil. iv. 791 ; Propert. IV. i. 86. But " the western wave " here, as in I. 
 XXVIII. 26, simply means the seas round Italy. 
 
 21. Cp. Pers. Sat. v. 45-51. ' Sidus triste minetur Saturni/ Juv. vi. 569. 
 
 22. Jovis...tutela. Comp. 'Prosperus et salutaris fulgor qui dicitur Jovis/ Cic. in 
 
 Somn. Scip. 4, 
 
 28. Sustulerat, (answered by) levasset : so Virg. 2En. n. 55, (where see Wagner^s 
 note;) Mn. IV. 19; Viii. 522; XI. 112 and 115. The usage which first 
 attracts attention in such passages as these, viz. the adoption of an indicative 
 for a potential mood, is common in Greek and English also. See on Sat. II. 
 I. 7. But the idiom of nisi is to be remarked. Here it is an equivalent for — 
 " But Faunus intercepted theblow." In JEn. vin. 522, the sense is, " they 
 
 were thinking over ... or beginning to do so Bub Venus gave a sign to cheer 
 
 them." The imperfect or incomplete idea is more marked in Virgil's putabant, 
 but it exists here in sustulerat. (So especially in Tac. Ann. III. 14, quoted by 
 Orelli.) In Cic. Ep. ad Fam. IV. 5, — 'Malum; nisi hoc pejus sit ' means " It 
 ispainful; yet this wouldbe more so." Compare the frequent nisi forte, as in 
 
 Cic. JParad. 4 : " Yet you thought perhaps," is nisi forte arbitrdbare ; " or 
 
 perhaps he can," is nisi forte. . .potest. This last usage takes an indicative. 
 
 29. Mercurialium, i.e. "poets." Compare Carm. I. 10. 
 32. Ov. Trist. I. x. 43, — ' Cadet agna Minervae j 
 
 ' Non facit ad nostras hostia major opes.' 
 
 CAftM. XVIII.— AD AVARUM. 
 
 Ebur. Bacchyl. Fr. 27, — XP V(r< ? 8' i\e<pavTl re /j.ap/j.a^poia-iv oIkoi. Cic. Parad. 
 1, — ' Marmoreis tectis ebore et auro fulgentibus.' Ebur is interpreted as= 
 eburneum by the Schol. ; if so, we may compare aurum for currus aureus m 
 Virg. Mn. v. 817. 
 
 h 
 
58 NOTES ON THE ODES i BOOK II. svin. 
 
 2. Reaidet. Lucret. II. 27. 
 
 3. " I have no marbles from Eymetfcus and from Africa." Trabcs, " the archi- 
 traves," EpistyUa, (seo Dict. of Antiqq.) Cp. ,S'en<?c. Tln f r.<f. Q [C,— < Auratas 
 ' trabes variis columnae nobiles maculis ferunt.' Cp. Becker's Go.H 
 
 ib. Hymettice. ' L. Crassus orator (seo the Li/e dn <7ie Biogr. Dict.) primus peregrini 
 ' marmoris columnas habuit in eodem palatio Hymettias,' Fhm. xxxvi. 3 ; 
 Ib. 6, — • M. Lepidus primus omnium limina e Numidico marmore in domo 
 * posuit magna reprehensione.' 
 
 4. Recisas. Is this compound used simply for excisas, " hewn out," or in its more 
 exact sense (as M. explains it,) " rounded off, shaped, polished ?" 
 
 7. Bacchyl. Fr. 28 (an invitation to the Dioscuri,) — 
 
 ov f$oa>v irapso~Ti o-do/jLaT' ofae xP vcr ^ s > °^ T6 Topcpvpeoi TdirwTes, 
 
 aAAa. Ov/jibs svfAkvhs, 
 Movad tc y\vK€?a Kal hoiooTioiaiv iv crKixpoiaiv olvos 7)8vs. ' 
 
 9. " I have no clients whose wives or daughters pay court to me by presents of 
 embroidery." So the Scholiast. 
 
 ib. Cp. Ov. Am. I. ill. 7-11 : 
 
 1 At Phcebus, comitesque novem, vitisque repertor, 
 
 ' Hoc faciant ; (sc. me commendent) et, me qui tibi donat, Amor : 
 * Et nulli cessura fides,' etc. 
 
 10. Benigna, "liberal, free." The opposite of raalignus. So Lv.can, ix. 500, 
 
 describes a scanty stream as ' parva maligna Unda procul vena.' Cp. For- 
 biger ad Virg. Mn. VI. 270, — ' Sub luce maligna.' 
 
 11. Me petit. Oic. ad Fam. XIII i. 1. 
 
 14. The Sabine villa and farm bestowed on him by Msecenas. 
 
 18. Locas, "you are contracting to have marble cut"... Loco is the converse of 
 
 conduco, or redimo. The owner of the property locat, the builder conducit, 
 
 opus faciendum. 
 
 19. Cowley : 
 
 1 Why dost thou build up stately rooms on high, 
 
 ' Thou who art underground to lie ? 
 ' Thou sowest and plantest, but no fruit must see, 
 ' For Death himself is reaping thee.' 
 
 21. c Ca^ruleaB mole fugantur aquse/ Ov. A. A. in. 126. Summovere, " to push for- 
 ward, advance." The construction is governed by urges, — a rare construction 
 and meaning. Cp, Virg. Mn. Vii. 226, — ' Si quem tellus extrema refuso 
 ' Submovet oceano ;' i.e. the dwellers on the extreme confines of the earth. 
 
 24. Cp. GoldsmiWs Traveller, — 
 
 ' Opulence, her grandeur to maintain, 
 
 1 Leads stern depopulation in her train, &c.' 
 
 And the Deserted Village, — 
 
 ' The man of wealth and pride 
 ' Takes up a space that many poor supplied.' 
 
 ib. Revellis. This passage is quoted and adapted by Quintil. Decl. Xlli. 2, — ' Lex 
 Numee extat, ' Qui termimim exarassit ipsius (? ipsus) et boves sacri sunto.' ' 
 
 25. This crime was denounced by the Twelve Tables, — ' Patronus si clienti fraudem 
 
 fecerit, sacer esto.' Yet, that it was not uncommon, see Sal. Jugvfftha, 41. 
 
 27. Cp. Tyrtozus, F. I. 4, describing expulsion in war, — 
 TTTcax^veiv 
 Tr\a£6[Azvov avv /j,rjTp\ (piAy. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOE II. xvm, xix. 59 
 
 29. " Yet there is no abode more surely awaiting the wealthy possessor, than that 
 "determined by the end (or final power) of Orcus." Mr. Conington's note 
 
 gives a lncid and convincing paraphrase of this : ' The rich man makes 
 
 ' contracts which he may never see executed (v. 17) ; meantime Death, more 
 ' punctual than any contractor, more greedy than any encroaching proprietor, 
 ' has planned with his measuring line a mansion of a different kind, which will 
 ' infallibly be ready when the day arrives.' 
 
 30 Destino, " to fix firmly." Of the same root as ((Traw,) Io-ttj/xi i ovstinatus is 
 another compound. 
 
 34. Satelles. Sc. ovirl Kanrr) xl/vxoirofxirSs Xdpuv, Eur. Alc. 361, and 440, 
 
 36. Auro captus. Cf. Msch. Fragm. Niooe, 147. 
 
 ib. Hic. e Orcus, non ' sat. Or.' Charon.' [0.] 
 
 38. Levo.re A poetic or a Greek construction, after vocatus. 
 
 40. Cp. the Delphic oracle in Thuc. I. 118, — tcal irapaKaXovfxevos kqX &k\t]tos. But 
 the phrase is probably founded on iEsop's fable of the old man calling for 
 death. 
 
 CARM. XIX.— IN BACCHUM. 
 
 Gesner quotes Juv. vn. 62, — ' Satur est cum dicit Horatius " euhoe." ' 
 
 1. Cp. Pratinas, Hyporch. 1, — 
 
 i/xbs i/xbs 6 f3p6/j.ios' 
 i/xe 8e? Ke\aSe7v, ifxe 8e? iraTayeiv 
 av' 6pea avfxevov fxeTa NaidSwv. 
 
 For a description of the exploits of Bacchus, compare Ov. Met. iv. 11, sqq. ; 
 Trist. V. iii. 
 
 4. Capripedum. So Lucret. IV. 580. 
 
 5. Soph. Trach. 216, sq.,~ 
 
 aeipOfM, oi>8' ancixrofxai 
 
 Tbv av\bv... 
 
 Idov /x avaTapdaaei 
 
 evot ll 6 Kicrabs &pTi ftaKxtav 
 
 viroo-Tpe(ptov &fxi\\av. 
 
 7. ' Fas vidisse fuit, fas sit mihi visa referre,' Ov. Her. xvi. 63. 
 
 10. Eurip. Bacch. 142,— 
 
 pet 8e yaKaKTi ireSov, pet 8' otvto, pei 8e fxe\io~crav 
 veKTapt. 
 
 13. Conjugis, " Ariadne." See Ov. Fast. m. 459, sqq. ; Art. Anu i. 558, — ' Saepe 
 reges dubiam Cressa corona ratem.' 
 
 14, Pentheus, king of Thebes. Ov. Met. iii. 513, 
 
 16. Lycwrgus, in his madness, slew his son, and maimed himself, Ov. Fast. III. 722 : 
 according to Hom. (II. (. 130), was blinded ; according to Sophocles (Antig. 
 958), was shut up in a rock. 
 
 19, ' Pars sese tortis serpentibus incingebant.' Catull. lxiv. 259. (See the whole 
 passage.) Comp. Eur. Bacch. 103. 
 
 20. Bistonidum, " Thracian women." Sine fro.udc, " without injuring them." The 
 
 phrase occurs again in Carm. Scec. 41. 
 
 7? 2 
 
GO NOTES ON TIIE ODES : BOOK II. xix, xx. 
 
 23. Seo Eurip. Ion, 216,— 
 
 Kal Bp6/J.tOS 6.W0V 
 
 i.no\€fj.oto-i Kiaalvoiat fSuKTpois 
 ivaipci Tas tckvcov BaK\4vs. 
 
 28. "Apccos ri /xolpav /u.eTaAa/3a>j> e^ei Tivd, Eur. Bacch. 302. 
 
 ib. Medius, ' cum gen.' a Greek construction=' { in tlie midst of," i. c. involved in, 
 surrounded by. The phrase is represented in Spenser, F. Q. II. ix. 4, — 
 ' Far reach her mercies, and her praises far, 
 ' As well in state of peace, as puissance in war. 
 The construction of this passage has been obscured, and needless difficulties 
 raised, by taking medius as the predicate. This involves the assigning a new 
 and unauthorised sense to the word, viz. that of ceque aptus. A yet greater ob- 
 jection seems to be, that sed is made superfluous, not to say incorrect. For 
 idem, in its semi-adverbial sense, stands properly by itself, especially if it 
 denotes contrariety ; though when it denotes addition, (and may be translated 
 " again, besides, likewise,") it admits et, que, even tamen, in combination with 
 it. In Ovidj, cited at p. 4, at idem is wrong : Merkel correctly edits et. 
 Here I think it clear that the rendering which suits both context and nsage 
 is this, — " but you were the same in the midst of peace and war." 
 
 30. Cornu. TavpoKepoov 6e6v, Eur. Bacch. 100 ; and in v. 1017. Tavpos, Zp&Kav, AeW, 
 are all forms of Bacchus, probably (in their origin) as astronomical signs ; his 
 worship being constantly identified with that of the Sun. So in the Orphica, — 
 "HXios t>v Ai6vv<rov iiriK^vcriv KaAeovTai. To which Thirhcall, Hist. Greece, ch. 
 53, adds, in a note, that ' in the Indian mythology the sun has the name of 
 ' Suradevas, or the Wine-God.' So Herodotus (11, 42, 144,) makes Osiris, the 
 god of the Nile and the Sun, the same with Dionysus. 
 
 CAEM. XX.— AD M^CENATEM. 
 
 2. Biformis, metamorphosed into a swan, ver. 10. So Pindar (Ca/nn. IV. II. 25) 
 is ' Dircseus cycnus.' Cp. Eurip. Fragm. Inc. 102. Cp. Cic, Tusc. Q. 1. 30 
 (59), — ' Cycni...Apollini dicati ;' and the allusion in Call. Apoll. v. So Theogn. 
 231, — <ro\ fJLev £ya> ■mip' edwKa, /c.t.A, So Pind. Pyth. V. 107, — iroTav6s. 
 
 4. Invidia major. Above, Carm. II. xvi. 40. Compare Callimachus, Ep. 22, of 
 himself, — 6 8' ¥ieio~ev Kpcio-aova fiacrKavirjs. Cp. G. Withers (Shepherds 
 Hunting), — 
 
 ' So...shall it be 
 c With Detraction's breath and thee ; 
 c It shall never rise so high, 
 ' As to stain thy poesy.' 
 
 5. Non ego...olibo. Cp. Ov. Am. I. xv. 41, — 'Etiam cum me supremus adederit 
 
 ' ignis Vivam.' 
 
 6. Quem vocas, "whom you call for ;' i.e. whose society you desire. Nearly aa 
 
 Carm. II. XVin. 10, — ' me petit.' 
 
 11. Superne, a word used again in the Ars P. 4; ,used with e short in Lucret. Yl. 
 544, and 597, — ' Tecta superne timent, metuunt inferne.' 
 
 13. Dcedaleo. From the double Greek form SatSaAeos and SaiSaAetos, the quantity of 
 the penult. e is common. For the hiatus, comp. Carm. I. xxvin. 24, Epod.. xiil. 
 3 ; and see the numerous examples collected by Orelli. 
 
4 
 
 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK II. xx. 61 
 
 13. Ocior Icaro. Bentley finds fault both with the metre and the meaning, and 
 proposes tutior. Comparing Ov. Trist. m. 4, — 
 
 ' Quid fuit ut tutas agitarit Daedalus alas, 
 ' Icarus Icarias nomine signet aquas,' 
 
 Lachmann (on Lucr. iii. 374) approves the conjecture in these words, — 
 ' Sententia unice postulat Bentleianum tutior.' 
 
 14. Gementis. ' Gemerentque repleti Amnes,' Virg. 2En* V. 806. 
 
 18. Marsi, the bravest of the brave. Carm. III. v. 9. 
 
 19. Peritus. During the last century of the republic, a love of literature was 
 
 fostered in Spain. Sertorius did much to encourage it. In Epist. I. xx. 13, 
 Ilerda is mentioned as a seat of learning. Of Latin authors, Quintilian prob- 
 ably, Martial certainly, was a Spaniard. So was Hyginus, the librarian of the 
 Palatine, and Columella, and Seneca, and Lucan. 
 
 21. { Nemo me lacrimis decoret nec funera fletu 
 
 ' Faxit. Cur ? volito vivu' per ora virum.' Ennius, Cic. Tusc. i. 15. 
 Cp. Milton's Lycidas, 165-6. 
 
 ib. Inani, " empty," needless, where there is no corpse. Compare tumulus inanis, 
 used of a memorial tomb, Virg. 2En. III. 304 ; Kevbs r&cpos, of a pretended tomb, 
 Eurip. Hel. 1057. 
 
 22. Turpes. Cp. c deformis,' Ep. XIII. 18. [0.] quotes Ov. A. A. I. 534,— c Nec 
 facta est lacrimis turpior.' 
 
Q. HOEATI ILACCI CARMIXA. 
 LIBEE III. 
 
 CARM. I. 
 
 An Ode in exposure of men's vain ambition, and in praise of content. 
 
 1. Odi profanum. iitds e/cas oaris aXnpSs, Call. in Apol. 2. ' Procul, o procul este, 
 profani/ Virgil, 2En. VI. 258. These were formulae nsed by the celebrants in 
 ancient solemnities, to prevent ill-omened interruption. 
 
 Cp, Arist. Ran. 353, — evcpnp-eiv xp~h xa^iaTaadat rols 7}/j.€Ti!poiai xopo7aiv 
 offTis &ireipos ToiuvBe \6ycov, t) yvoifxr) fxrj KaOapevei, 
 7} yevvdiccv opyia Movaoov jutjt' elSev fxT)T y ix^pevaev. 
 Horace, as the Musarwm sacerdos, imitates their style, and claims attention 
 to his non prius a.udita, i.e. the truths in which (tmrecognised generally) he 
 will initiate his hearers. With the term sacerdos, compare Virg. 2En. vi. 645 ; 
 Ov. Am. III. VIII. 23. 
 
 2. Favete linguis, " use only good words, or keep silence." Comp. inf. Ca.rm. III. 
 
 Xiv. 12 ; and Ov. Fast. i. 71-74. The Greek is ev<pT)fxeiv, eixpTj/xia, (vrhich, it is 
 ■worth observing, is also used by Plato, Alcib. n. 20, of " reverent prayer," in 
 opposition to f3Xaa<pr)fxeiv, " to offer a foolish or presumptuous one.") 
 
 5. Greges, "peoples," as kmgs are Troifxeves \a£jv. 
 
 7. Comp. the satirical title in Lucia.n, Timon, 4, — YiyavTo\eTup. Call. H. in Jov. 
 3, — injXoyovuv iXaTrjpa. 
 
 • 
 
 8. Supercilio. Taken from the well-known description, — 
 
 eV 5 ocppvai vevae Kpovicov 
 
 fxeyav S 5 iXeXi^ev^OXvfXTrov. Hom. H. a. 528. 
 
 Thus rendered by Virgil, lEn. IX. 106, — e Annuit, et totum nutu tremefecit 
 Olympum.' With nuo, nutus, is connected numen, " the Divine will, power, 
 niajesty." 
 
 9. Fst v.t, ' usu venit, ut,' Orelli. u It is the case ; it is ordained that men should 
 
 vary in yrealth and condition . . . but (cequa lege, sq.) in the event all are equal, 
 all ' await alike th' inevitable hour.' 
 
 ib. Lativ.s ordinet. There is a kindred mode of expressing greater wealth in Ejpod. 
 I. 25. Ordinct. Virg. Gcorg. u. 277, — ' Indulge ordinibus.' 
 
N0TE8 ON THE ODES : BOOK III. i, n. 63 
 
 11. Descendat, i.e. aim at public honours. The elections (comitia) were held in 
 the Campns Martins. Descendat is the exact verb to express a contest, " to 
 descend into the arena." So in E. I. ix. 11. (In Liv. xxvi. 18, the phrase is 
 nsed of the citizens attending, — ' Civitas...in campum descendit.') Cp. 2Esch. 
 Choeph. 455, — KaQ-f}Keiv. Soph. Trach. 504, — Karefiav. Thucyd. VI. 16. 
 
 16. Urna. See on Carm. II. in. 26. 
 
 17. Destrictus ensis, hke Damocles. Cic. Tusc. V. 21. Obs. that he is an example 
 
 of a general truth. Cp. Pers. m. 40, (of the terrors of a guilty secret,) — 
 ' Aut magis auratis pendens laquearibns ensis 
 'Purpureas subter cervices terruit ?' 
 
 18. Compare Lucret. iv. 1131, — 
 
 ' Eximia veste et victu convivia, ludi, 
 ' Pocula crebra, unguenta, coronse, serta, parantur 
 ' Neqiiiquam ; quoniam medio de fonte leporum 
 ' Surgit amari aliquit quod in ipsis floribus angat.' 
 
 22. Lenis. Shalcespeare' s epithet, — ' Sleep, gentle sleep.' Renry IV. Pt. 2, Act. III. 
 
 Sc. I. Obs. the order of words, — ' Sleep, gentle that it is, disdains not ' 
 
 23. Cp. Virg. Georg. n. 470, — ' At frigida Tempe 
 
 ' Mollesque sub arbore somni 
 
 ' Non absunt.' 
 
 25. Desiderantem, i.e. " the contented man." 
 
 26. Cp. Shakesp. Merchant of Venice (in the opening scene,) — 
 
 ' Your mind is tossing on the ocean,' sqq. 
 
 27. Arcturus, or Arctophylax, " the Bear-ward," sets Oct. 29th. 
 
 ib. Scevus...im/petus. Cp. crTvyvbs eV 'ApKTovpu vavTais irAdos, Epigr. Alc&i. [M.] 
 quotes Plaud. Rud. 70, — 
 
 1 Arcturus signum sum omnium acerrimum, 
 
 ' Yehemens sum exoriens, cum occido vehementior.' 
 
 28. Hcedi. They rise on Oct. 6tlu Cp. for their stormy character, Theocr. vn. 53. 
 ' Pluvialibus Haedis,' Virg. Mn. ix. 668. Both constellations are mentioned 
 together in Virg. Qeorg. i. 204. 
 
 30. Mendax, " disappointing," as Ep. I. VII. 87 ; and, ' Ceres dominum fallebat,' 
 Ov. F. iv. 645. 
 
 30-32. i.e. " While the failure in the crop is attributed either to excessive rain, or 
 heat, or frost." 
 
 33. Here is a picture of wealth and its favourite plans. Cp. Carm. n. 15. 
 
 36. Terrce, gen. governed by fastidiosus. " Not content with the space allowed 
 him on land." Ca.rm. II. XVIII. 20. 
 
 39. Triremi= et yacht." ' Locuples quem ducit priva triremis.' Ep. I. i. 93. 
 
 37-40. " Eich as he is, he cannot escape fear and care." 
 
 41. Phrygius, i. e. the marble of Synnada in Phrygia, a beautiful white, with 
 reddish spots. The legend of it is mentioned by Statius, Silv. I. v. 36, — 
 ' Ipse cruentavit macuhs lucentibus Attis.' 
 
 CAHM. II. 
 
 An Ode in praise of the hardy pati-iotic manly virtues, with an intimation 
 of their dependence on religion. 
 
64 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. ir. 
 
 1. Yir<j. A-.n. ix. C07. Cp. Eurip. Fr. Alcr. 15,— 
 
 Ka^6v tl fiovkevfx' r)v &p' tls evavSpiav 
 6 ttKovtos av9pu>rroLO~iv a'( r" &yav Tpvcpal' 
 rrevia Se ZvaT-nvov /xev, a\\* tifxios Tpicpei 
 IaoxQovvt' dfxdvcv TeKva Ka\ 8pao~T-f)pia. 
 Whcre note the correspondcnce witli ShqJceapearefs ' Sweet aro the uses of 
 advorsity.' Cp. also Fr. Inc. 30, ending with ol ydp tt6vol TiKTovai t))v evavSpiav. 
 
 7. Virg. Mn» xi. 475, 877. 
 
 8. So Helen (Hom. II. y. 153, sqq .) comes to the ramparts to see the battle ; and 
 so in the picture of the besieged town in Hesiod's Shield of Hercules, 242, — 
 
 al 5e yvvaiKes iv5fxr)Tcvv irr\ irvpycov 
 XaXKeov o£v (S6cvv 
 
 11. Leonem, i.e. " his lion-like foe." QvuoKeovTa, Hom. II. e. 639. 
 
 13. Compare Tyrtceus, VII. 1, — Tz9vdiJ.evai ydp Ka\6v, k. t. \. Virgil, &n. II. 317, — 
 
 1 Pulchrumque mori succurrit in armis.' There is a paraphrase of this and 
 the two next Stanzas, by Mr. Pitt : see Life by Lord Stanhope, vol. in. p. 65. 
 
 14. iroWaKi SwiOTrJTa <pvyu>v Ka\ Sovttov o.k6vtG)V epx^Tai iv S' o!ku> fj.o?pa kix^v 
 
 davaTov. Cailin. Fragm. 
 
 17. Repulsce nescia, " unconscious of (i. e. independent of) the popular neglect." 
 
 Repulsa, properly " a rejection when suing for office." Cp. Cic. acl Fam. I. 5, — 
 'Nec siquid non obtinuerimus repulsi esse videamur. Tuae sapientiae mag- 
 ' nitudinisque animi est, omnem amphtudinem et dignitatem tuam in virtute 
 * positam existimare.' 
 
 18. Cic. pro Sest. 28, — c Lucet (sc. Virtus) in tenebris, splendetque per se semper, 
 neque alienis unquam sordibus obsolescit.' 
 
 19. Secures, i.e. the fasces — the insignia of office. The honours virtue claims are 
 ' what nothing earthly gives, or can destroy.' 
 
 ib. Cic. de Off. I. xix. 12, — ' Qui ex errore imperitae multitudinis pendet, hic in 
 magnis viris non est habendus.' Cp. also Xen. An. II. v. 23. 
 
 20. Popularis aurce, i.e. " popular caprice." Cp. Virg. 2En. VI. 817 ; and Liv. xxx. 
 
 45, — ' Mihtaris favor an popularis aura ;' and xxn. 26, — ' Auram favoris 
 popularis.' So Cic. de Harusp. 20, — ' Longius quam voluit popularis aura 
 provexit.' 
 
 21. Immeritis mori, " the gi^eat and good, who merit immortality.' , 
 
 22. Negata...via, i.e. leads them by a difficult path. Hesiod has a remarkable de- 
 
 scription of the path to virtue, — 
 
 /xaKpbs Se Ka\ 6p9ios olfios is ovt^v 
 
 Ka\ Tprjxvs to TrpcvTov. Op. et Dies, 290. 
 
 23. Ccetus...et udam...humum. Cp. the opening speech of Milton's Comus. 
 
 25. Silentio. Taken from a line of Simonides, (afavourite quotation of Augustus,) — 
 
 eo-Tt ko\ a-iyas aKLvdvvov yipas. It seems to be here a religious precept, in 
 keeping with the poefs assumed character of lepo<pdvT7)s. Cp. too Virg. JEn. 
 III. 112, — ' Hinc fida silentia sacris,' (i.e. Cybeles.) 
 
 26. Vetabo qui, sqq. This is probably an imitation of Call. Ceres, 117 ; but the 
 best passage for comparison is the warning against dfxiAlas KaKrjs, in JEsch. S. 
 c. Th. 602-4. 
 
 ib. Cereris sacrum, the Eleusinian mysteries ; or (as Orelli thinks) rather the 
 similar rites naturalized at Eome, celebrated ' longe maximis atque occultis- 
 simis caerimoniis,' Cic. Verr. V. 72. 
 
 27. Sub isdem sit trabibus. M^t' ifxo\ irapicrTLos ^ivoiTo. Soph. Antig. 372. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. n. m. 65 
 
 /xi) fioiyevoiTo fxfoe gvv6vti)s 6eo?s 
 
 /j.riT ev OaXao-o-r) KoivorrAovv aTeKAoi cTKacpos. Eur. Inc. Frag. 84B,(Nauclc.) 
 Call. H. in Cer. 118, — efq, fxncV 6/j.6toixos. Xen. Cyrop. VIII. I. 25, — irXslv ... 
 fxeTa, tSjv evcrefScav. 
 
 31. Cp. vo-T€p6iroivov...'Epivvv, JEscli. Ag, 58; v<XTep6cp6opoi, Soph. Antig. 1074. So 
 Eurip. Hec. 1194. 
 
 32. Deseruit, etc " Though the guilty get tlie start of her, Vengeance will not 
 leave the pursuit." Cp. Eur. Fragm. Inc. 2, — 
 
 'H SlKTJ... 
 
 criya Ka\ /3paSet 7ro5l 
 
 areixovaa fxdptyei tovs KaKOvs oTav tv^XV' 
 
 Deserere, "to lag behind," is opposed to prcecurrere, "to out-strip," in Cic. 
 
 Off. I. xxix. 2. 
 
 CARM. III. 
 
 An ode in praise of a constant and resolute will, exemplified in the heroes 
 (r)pcaes), in Romulus, and in Rome itself. 
 
 1 — 8. ' Octo hos versus inter eculei tormenta recitavit magnus ille Batavus 
 Cornelius de Witte.' [0.] 
 
 1. Cp. Cic. Off. I. xxxi. 7. 
 
 3. Cp. Juv. viii. 81, — ' Phalaris licet imperet ut sis Falsus,' etc. Compare the 
 
 story of Theodorus, in Cic. Tusc. i. 43. 
 
 4. Mente ... solida. All the commentators quote Simonides here. He describes 
 
 in iiriviK. 8 (a passage famous among the ancients, see Plato, Protag. lxxii. p. 
 339, and Heindorfs note) the perfect man as, — 
 
 X^pcriv tc Kal rrocrl Kal v6co TeTpdycovov; 
 a metaphor, like Tennyson's for the Duke of Wellington, — 
 
 ' A tower 
 ' That stood foursquare to all the winds that blew.' 
 Cp. Virg. 2En. vn. 586, — ' Ille velut pelagi rupes immota,' etc. 
 
 7. Sifractus. ' Quid si nunc caelum ruat,' a proverb quoted in Terent. Heaut. IV. 
 iii, 41. Compare the answer of the Celtic deputies to Alexander, given in 
 ThirlwalVs Hist. of Greece, vol. VI. ch. xlvii. So Theognis, 869, — ev fxoi eireira 
 irecroi fxeyas ovpavos. 
 
 9. Vagus Hercules, rroAvirXayKTos, Eur. Herc. F. 1197. Compare Virg. 2En. VI. 802, 
 where the wanderings of Hercules are spoken of as proverbial, — ' Nec vero 
 Alcides tantum telluris obivit.' (See note on C. I. VII. 23, — ' populea.') 
 
 9, 10. Compare Aristotle (Hymn to Hermias), — 
 
 apera rroAvfxt>x6e... 
 crev S' evex ovk Aibs 'UpaKAerjs 
 
 Af)Sas Te Kovpoi 
 rroAA' aveTAacrav... 
 
 Soph. Phil. 726 (de Hercide), — 6 xaA/cao-7ris avrjp deois rrAadei rracriv, deic? irvpl 
 ira/x<par)s. 
 
 10. Igneas. Cic. de N. D. 1. 37 (103) ; Ov. Met. 1. 26. Cp. Milborfs phrase,— c The 
 
 empyrean.' 
 
 12. Purpureo...ore, sc. labris. Simonid. Fr. 72 ; Virg. 2En. II. 593. 
 
 ib. Bibit. A variation of phrase for " has achieved immortality ; is deified Wke them." 
 Cp. Virg. 2En. 1. 79, — ■' Tu das epulis accumbere divom.' 
 
 i 
 
66 N0TE8 ON 77//: ODBB: BOOK III. m, iv. 
 
 13. M( K V. III. 10, — * JEtherias cs arces.' 
 
 15. Quirinus. Ov. FaH. n. 175, sqq. 
 
 16. * Similc cst deorum consilium apud E\ r. //• '. S78.' [q.] Cumparc generally 
 
 Juno's specch in Vvrg. JEn. xn. 820 — 8. 
 
 19. Jud\ . l'(V : /. -EV. i. 27, — * Judicium Paridis.' 
 
 20. Vertit, i.e. evertit. Virg. JEn. I. 20. 
 
 21. Ex quo damnatum, " condemned, devoted to destruction, ever since 
 
 Laomedon," etc. * Laomedontea) perjuria TrojVe,' Vvrg. U. I. 502; 11,,,,.. if. $». 
 1 12—4-57. 
 
 23. Caste, contrastcd with incestus, v. 19. 
 
 25. Laccence...adulterce. [M.] and others take this for a datice case ; [O.] more 
 simply as a genitive. 
 
 28. Cp. Virg. JEn. XI. 289 ; IX. 155. 
 
 29. Nostris ductum sed., "protractedbyourdivisions," viz. Juno and Minei-va siding 
 wifch the Greeks ; Mars, Apollo, Tenus, with the Trojans. 
 
 30. Resedit. Cp. ' Resides viros, animos,' Virg. 2En. vi. 814 ; vn. 693. 
 
 31 — 68. Suetonius, Jul. Ccbs. 79, mentions, as one of the reports of the time. that 
 J. Caesar was supposed to entertain a scheme of fixing the seat of empire at 
 Alexandria or Troy ; and it may be thought -\vorth remarking, that Constantine 
 did begin to found a city there, See Gibbon's Rome, Ch. xvn. 
 
 3S. Exsules, i.e. the Trojans and their posterity, settled in Italy, 
 
 44. Dare jura. Virg. G. iv. 562. 
 
 48. Nilus. The Nile is used proverbially for the most distant part of the world in 
 Eur. Androm. 650. 
 
 51. Hv.manos in v.sv.s. Is this accusative to be joined with cogere or with rapiente ? 
 [O.] takes it vdtk the latter, for the sake of the opposition, ' inter humanos 
 usus et sacrum quod cum deorum sit exemptum est usui humano.' In that 
 case, humanus (which is properly the opposite of divinus or co;l.e$ti$) will be put 
 for profanus ; thus creating a difficulty, slight perhaps, yet requiring some 
 examples or explanation to be adduced. I think that to punctuate after usus 
 (as Gesner does) suits the order of words better ; also that rapere is more 
 properly constructed by itself. The whole verse (52) is mmjAy===sacrilega 
 manu, as C. II. xin. 2. [O.] quotes Plaut. Trin. IV. it. 36, — { Rapere 
 properant qua sacrum qua publicum ;' which is a good example of the inde- 
 pennt de force of this verb and phrase. Add from Sallust, B. Catil. xi, — 
 ' Privatim ac publice rapere sacra profanaque omnia polluere.' 
 
 53. Cp. Virg. uEn. i. 278,— 
 
 ' His ego nec metas rerum nec tempora pono, 
 
 1 Imperium sine fme dedi. Quin aspera Juno/ etc. 
 
 66. Auctore Pliozbo. Pind. 01. vin. 31 ; Vvrg. G. m. 36. Cp. Ovid, as quoted on 
 C. IY. vi. 25. 
 
 CAEM. IV.— AD CALLIOPEN. 
 
 An ode to the Muses, acknowledging their beneficent protective power, jfirst 
 for himself, then (as joined with consilium, v. 41.) for the state and its great 
 ruler (r. 37, altum Cazsarem), whose rightful and secure supremacy is com- 
 pared with that of Jupiter. 
 
 2. Longum...melos may be translated "a sustained melody," but it is enough to 
 understand it (with O.) as a mode of saying, " Come, and leave me not hastily 
 or soon." Does it express iroXv/xekzs aoiSas fx4\os, Alcm. Er. 1 ? Alcm. F '. 29 
 is always qnoted as corresponding to this stanza. 
 
XOTES ON THE ODBS : BOOK III. iv. 67 
 
 2. Calliope. Horace invokes the sevei^al ATuses (witkout distinction of their 
 offices) as suits his verse. Cp. Carm. I. i. 33 ; I. xil. 2 ; III. xxx. 16. Yirgil 
 invokes all under the one name (2En. ix. 525), — ' Yos, o Calliope.' 
 
 3. Seu...seu, i.e. 'vel tibia, vel assa voce, vel denique lyra.' [O.] Mr. Conington 
 * believes, with Eitter, that the alternative is between the pipe as accompany- 
 'ing the vox acuta, and the lyre as accompanying the vox gra.vis. Horace has 
 ' specified the vox acuta, and left the vox gravis to be inferred.' 
 
 9. Fohidosce, as in Ccurm. I. xxii. 7. The story is well compared by Addison, 
 Spectator, 85, (and Keble, Pradect. xxvi.) with the old ballad, ' The Children in 
 the Wood.' 
 
 10. Altricis=Homerice KovpoTpocpos. Cp. Soph. Aj. 863, — w? Tpocprjs 4/j.ol, (sc. irib*La.) 
 So Cic. Tim. 10, — ' Terram altricem nostram ;' and Oc. Met. IV. 293. 
 
 '0 Caledonia! 
 
 ' Meet nurse for a poetic child.' Sir W. ScoWs Lay, C. VI. 
 
 ib. Apulice. * Locus sine dubio corruptus,' [0.] This is implied by the variations 
 of MSS. ; by the contradiction of m and extra ; and the shortening of the A. 
 See more in Preface, p. vi. 
 
 11. Ludo fatigatumque soy.vm, corresponding to the Homeric Ka/idTa> a5Sr]K'6Tes 7?8e 
 
 Kal vttuo}. Tl. k. 98. Properly it is an instance of the figure called zeugma= 
 ludo fcdigatum, victumque som/too. 
 
 13. Quodforet, "a thing which might well be marvellous to all ;" viz. "how (uf) I 
 slept in safety." (Miror is followed by ut, " how," in Epod. xvi. 53.) 
 
 14. Aclierontia, Bantia, Forerdv.m, towns in the neighbourhood of Venusia. 
 
 20. ' Sleep as sound as careless infancy.' Sha.kesp. Mcrrg Wives, Act V. Sc. v, 
 
 21. Vester, " under your protection." 
 
 22. Tollor, used of mounting a height, in Oc. Met. vn. 779. Cp. Yirg. 2En. u. 635. 
 21. Liquidoi, "clear and bright in atmosphere," aeris puri. V. Schol. 
 
 26. Versa acies, the rout at Philippi. Carm. II. VII. 9 
 
 27. Devota...arbor. Carm. II. xm. 1 — 12. Devota, " accursed." 
 
 28. Palinurus, a dangerous promontoiy S. of Velia, on the Lucanian coast. For 
 
 its name and legend, see Virg. Mto. VI, 381. Horace is supposed to have been 
 in danger of shipwreck there, in the Sicilian expedition against S. Pompeius 
 in B.c. 36, when the fleet of Octavian was caught in a heavy storm. (See Class. 
 Museum, vol. II. p. 206, Essay by T. Dyer.) 
 
 30. Tasanientem. ' Insani...fluctus,' Virg. EcJ. ix. 13. So below, C. VII. 6. 
 
 33. Britannos...feros. Orelli. Cp. Tac. Ann. xiv. 30. 
 
 34. Equhxo sanguine. Cp. Virg. Georg. III. 463. 
 
 ib. Concanum, a Cantabrian tribe on the X. coast of Spain. 
 
 36. Amnem, the Tanais. 
 
 38. Abdidit is the most common reading. Bentl. preferred reddAdit. Orelli reads 
 addidit, i.e. as colonists, confirming the reading by Tac. Ann. XIII. 31, — 
 ' Coloni8e...a<Mi'£t's veteranis firmatae sunt.' 
 
 41. Lene consilium, "temperate counsels and moderation after victory." Orelli 
 quotes a remarkable parallel from Pind. Pyth. v. 61, — 
 BlScocri re Molcrav oTs av ideXrj 
 aTroXefjLOV ayaycvv 
 is Trpa-rriSas evvo/j.iav 
 But this Ode, in the general, seems framed after-the lst Pythian (see the 
 argument there, with the remai-ks on it, in Cookesley^s edition.J ConsiJiv.m, 
 a trisyllable, as below Carm. VI. 6; and as conrmbia, Virg. j£n. vii. 555. 
 44. FvJ.minc...caduco. KaraifidTvs Ktpavvos. Msch. P. V, 359. 
 
 / 9. 
 
68 N0TE8 ON THE ODES : BOOR III. iv, v. 
 
 45. There ifl a triple antithesis: 1. Terram, man .• 2. Urbes (men, aa living nocial 
 
 communities), and regrux bristta, " the citics of the dead : 
 £6. Tnertem, Cp. ' feerria et inerti Bede,' Ov. Met. w. 148. 
 48. Unus, i.e. as a monarch. a^/xevos, Horn. II o. 106; 6eu>v faep ^evov &\\uv, JL 
 
 t. 753. Comp. Msch. Swppl. 592—7. Compare alsothe remarkable distinction 
 
 in Xcn. Mem. IV. m. 13, — 'O tov '6\ov k6o-/j.ov o~vvt6.ttwv tc ko.\ awex^v. 
 ib. JEquo, " undisturbed, calm sway ;" answering in some degree to the epithet 
 
 Jene, v. 41 ; " the gentle rule," where the sovereignty is sure. 
 52. Virg. Georg. i. 280. 
 
 51 Statu, " attitude." Shakespeare uses " station " in this sense, HamJet, Act III. 
 Sc. iv. 
 
 56. EnceJadus. Virg. 2En. m. 578. Cp. too Eurip. Ion, 209, — 
 \evaaeis odv eV 'EyKe\d8a) 
 y^pycoTrov iraWovaav Xtvv ; 
 Aevaau Tla\\ao y e/xdv 6e6v 
 
 6p'2, tov Saiov Ml/xavTa trvp\ Karai6a\o7. 
 
 57. Sonantem. Observe the force of this, and Cp. Virg. /Iva. x. 568, — ' streperet 
 clipeis.' So 2En. xn. 712. 
 
 ib. JEgicla. Eur. Ion. 996, — t)v alyih' bvojxd^ovai, TlaWaoos aTo\-l)v. 
 
 58. Avidus, \i\alo/xevos iro\e/xoio. 17. v. 36, — "HcpaiaTOs adevei &\e/xeaivwv. [0.] 
 
 Yet the epithet may be chosen also as distinctive of the god of fire. 
 
 59. Matrona Juno. ir6Tvia"Hp-n. See Ars Poet. 116. 
 
 63. Silvam. ' In Cyntho, Deli monte.' [O.] Observe the correspondence of the 
 epithet and the descriptions — Patareus answering to Lycioi dumeta ; DeJius, 
 to natalem silvam. 
 
 65. Cp. Pind. Pyth. VIII. 15, sqq. with this line, and the whole preceding context. 
 Cp. also Eur. Fragm. II. Temenidae, — pw/x-n Se y' d/xadr/s -rroWaKis tUtci f}\d&riv. 
 
 65. Vim temperatam. Cp. Tac. Ann. i. 67, — ' Ea (sc. arma) consilio temperanda.' 
 And Thucyd. ill. 48, — '6aris e3 fiov\eveTai, k. t. \. 
 
 67. Odere. Eur. Hel. 903,— puael yap 6 debs t)\v $Lav. 
 
 74. Partus. Virg. G. I. 278. 
 
 78. Additus, " set over him." Orelli cp. Virg. 2En. vi. 90, — 'Teucris addita Juno ;' 
 and quotes from Lucilius, xiv. 6, — ' Si mihi non praetor siet additus, atque 
 agitet me ;' and, in the same sense, appositus, Suet. Tib. 22. — ' Tribunus 
 militum custos appositus.' [M.] refers to Drakenborch on Silius, II. 595 ; and 
 to Tacit. Ann. iv. 67 : and see Ann. n. 68. 
 
 CAKM. V. 
 
 A n ode upon Eoman patriotism, and the example of it in Kegulus. 
 1, 2. Cp. Ov. Fast. ii. 131 ; Trist. IV. IV. 19. 
 
 2. Prcesens, in opposition to cado regnans. ' eiricpavf]s. Comp. Ov. Trist. II. 54, 
 
 Preesentem conspicuumque Deum.' Ch. : so Orelli. 
 
 3. Cp. Ovid, A. A. i. 177,— 
 
 ' Ecce parat Ca?sar domito quod defuit orbi 
 
 ' Addere ; nunc, Oriens ultime, noster eris : 
 ' Parthe, dabis pcenas ; Crassi gaudete sepulti.' 
 Add especially Fdst. y. 580—591'. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. v. 69 
 
 5. Conivge barbara tv.rpis maritus. Cjt.E.II. II. 72, ancl note ; also E.I. xv. 12. 
 See Wagner on Yirg. 2En. Iv. 517, — ' AblatiTus in his indicat habitum quendam 
 Tel modum nec statuenda, ut fieri solet, ellipsis pra^positionis ' cum? [O.] 
 takes the abl. simply to depend on maritus, as in Ov. Rer. it. 131, — ' fratre 
 marita soror.' 
 
 7. Cp. Cic. in Ca.til. i. 2, — ' tempora ! mores ! ' 
 
 9. Marsus et Apulus, reckoned amongst the best soldiers in Italy. Virg. Georg. 
 ii. 167. 
 
 10. Anciliorv.m, the sacred shields of Xuma. See 0v. Fast. ni. 373 — 8. Probably 
 
 deriTed (as is there supposed) from cced.o, so as to mean a shield " cut away all 
 round :" l and d are not unfrequently interchanged in the formation of words ; 
 as e.g. in oleo, compared with od,or ; sedeo, sella. 
 
 This passage is imitated by Florus, IV. 11, — ' Qui (i.e. M. Antony) patria3 3 
 'nominiSj togae, fascium oblitus, totus in Cleopatram ut mente, ita animo 
 ' cultuque desciTerat.' 
 ib. Togce. Yirg. Mn. i. 282. 
 
 11. Vestce. Yirg. G. I. 498. 
 
 12. Licolv.mi Jove=salvoCapitolio, Sch. ; or, " giving up, bidding farewell to his 
 
 country." See Ars Poet. 222, and Hv.rcVs Commentary. 
 
 13. Reguli. M. Atil. Eegulus, consul for the second time in B.c. 256, taken captrre 
 
 in the campaign of the folloTring year. He is to be distinguished from C. 
 Atil. Eeg. SeiTanus, the consul of the year preceding. 
 
 15. Exemplo tra.hentis, " drawing from (or, more exactly, by) precedent"(Tvhich tbe 
 senate would set,si nonperiret, &c.) "assm^ance of ruin for future generations." 
 Trohenii is only a conjecture. 
 
 17. Periret. On the lengthening of the last syllable, see note at C. II. XIII. 16. 
 Perirent has been suggested as a correction, but seems to be (see Orelli) 
 against the genius of the language ; unless, as Bentley further suggests, we 
 also read vmmviserabiles as a plur. nom. with pubes in apposition, Perires is pro- 
 posed by Lachmann, on Lvxr. I. 11. 
 
 19. Affixa. 8eo?s \d(pvpa..Jirao-o'd\evaav ) fflsch. Ag. 578 ; illustrated bT Sianley 587, 
 or Blomf. 561. 
 
 22. Cp. Ov. Am, I. II. 31. 
 
 23. Non clausas, i.e. " freed from fear of any enemy." So peace is described, Ars 
 Poet. 199, as ' apertis otia portis.' E contr. Virg. 2En. viii. 385. 
 
 26. Flo.gitio . . .damnv.m. . Ev.r. Rhes. 102, — alo~xpbt> yap r^juv nal irphs ala-xvvn K.aK.6v. 
 
 30. i.e. " Cannot be restored to coTvards ; lit. those who haTe deteriorated." 
 
 37. Und.e vitam sv.meret, "fromwhathe denred Hfe and safety," i.e. " to what be 
 should owe it;" viz. to his own good sword, and not to the humour of his 
 enemy. Sumeret may stand for sumere deberet, but need not. Aptius is the 
 reading of Hl. A. with the marginal note '/. inscivs.' 
 
 41. Conjugis. Sc. Marciae. 
 
 42. Capitis minor, " one who had lost his rights as a citizen." See Ari. ' caput,' in 
 the Dictiona.ry qf Antiquities. Cp. Liv. xxii. 60. A Eoman, when made 
 prisoner, would lose all civil rights, though he rnight recoTer them on returning 
 to Eome : but Eegulus, refusing to be ransomed, gaTe up absolutely his ca.pv.t, 
 or rank as a citizen. (For the story of Eegulus, see Cic. de Ojp.c. I. 13 ; and 
 m. 26, sqq.) 
 
 45. Labontis. Cp. ' labantia corda,' Yirg. 2En. xn. 223. Firmo.ret answers well 
 to it. 
 
 53. Clientum relinqueret. As if he were retiring to- his country-seat, after a 
 
 friend's cause had been decided — or rather, after having decided it himself ; 
 for the patronus was not only the adviser and advocatc of his clientes, but the 
 arbitrator in thcir disputes. 
 
70 NOTES ON THE ODESi B00K III. n. 
 
 CAKM. VI.— AD H0MAN0S. 
 
 An Ode inveighing against thc corruptions of thc B 
 
 1. Delicta, properly " neglects," " things left undone," used in S. I. III. 79, III: 
 A. P. 442. ' Deliquit,' S. I. in. 84. With the sentiment, compare, Eurip. /■',-. 
 Alcm. 17, — ra tuv t^kovtuv ws ^.6Tepx eTai 6*bs fJ.idcriJ.aTa. [O.] quotes as from 
 Eur. Fr. Inc. 133 (a verse which I cannot find,) — ra tuv t€k6vtwv o~<pdhfxaT y cls 
 rovs £kj6vovs ol deol Tpzirovcri. 
 
 2. Romane. Cp. Virg. Mn. VI. 852. Used poetically in a collective sense. 
 
 ib. Tenvpla refeceris. The care of Augustus for these works is mentioned by Sue- 
 tonius, Aug. 30, — '-ZEdes sacras vetustate collapsas aut incendio absumptas 
 ' refecit,' etc. Ovid amrms the same, Fast. II. 59 — 63. No doubt, by his 
 frequent recnrrence to this subject, as well as to the other reforms attempted 
 at this period, Horace designed not to please or compliment Augustus so 
 much as to influence public opinion in support of his administration, and of 
 the measures which promised any hope of recovering the country from its 
 demoralisation, or infusing a generous and patriotic spirit among the ruling 
 classes. 
 
 5. i.e. " The power of Eome is owed to the favour of heaven, and based upon 
 religion." Cic. Nat. D. III, 2, — ' Quse (sc. civitas) numquam profecto sine 
 'summa placatione Deorum imm. tanta esse potuisset ;' and, de Harusp. resp. 
 9. [M.] quotes from Camillus' speech, Liv. v. 51 ; and from Appius', vi. 41. 
 
 9. Monceses et Pacori manus. Pacorus was the son of Orodes (Arsaces XIV.) king 
 of Parthia. The two defeats (bis) here spoken of must be that of Crassus in 
 B.c. 53, and that of Decidius Saxa, thirteen years later, when Pacorus com- 
 manded. It is not known who this Monseses was ; but the name occurs more 
 than once among the Parthian nobles, and it is thought that he may be the 
 same with Surena, and Surena possibly the titular, Mongeses the personal, 
 name. Surena was the commander at Carrhae. 
 
 10. Non auspicatos. True, in the literal sense, of Crassus. Livy, VI. 41 (referred 
 to on v. 5) expresses the Koman estimate of ' auspicia,' — ' Auspiciis hanc 
 ' urbem conditam, auspiciis bello ac pace domi militiaeque omnia geri quis est 
 ' qui ignoret ?' Especially Cic. Divin. i. 18, — ' Xihil...nisi auspicato :...M. Crasso 
 ' quid acciderit videmus, dirarum obnuntiatione neglecta.' 
 
 12. Pienidet, " rejoices ;" properly, " shines back, glistens." Cp. from cpdos and 
 cpatvcc, the signification " cheerful, joyous," in cpaidpos, cpaiSpwTros, cpafipvvca. 
 
 14. Dacus. ' Conjurato descendens Dacus ab Histro/ Yircj. Georg. n. 497. There 
 were wars with the Dacian and Mcesian tribes in B.c. 30 or 29. M. L. Crassus, 
 proconsul in Macedonia, celebrated a triumph for them in b. c. 29. MtTdojps, 
 the Egyptians, i.e. in the fleet of Antony. 
 
 19. Hocfonte... clad.es (Cp. sv/p. v. 13.) Kome is her own greatest enemy. Comp. 
 Shakesp. King Jolm, concluding speech, — 
 
 ' This England never did nor never shall 
 
 ' Lie at the proud foot of a conqueror, 
 
 ' But when it first did help to wound itself.' 
 
 21. Motus...Ionicos, " Greek dances." The Ionians were looked on as effeminate, 
 even in Greece. (See Grote's Hist. vol. IV. ch. xxxv.) 'Iqovikgqs is=af3pws in 
 Arist. Thesm. 163. So in Propert. I. vl. 31, — ' Mollis Ionia ;' and, perhaps, in 
 Ov. Ep. ix. 73, ' Ioniacas puellas ' involves the same allusion. In Aristoph. 
 I. c. (see Tov.p^s note) the verb 5te«;AwfTo gives at lcast some reason for reading 
 here fira ngitur aviubus. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. vi, vn. 71 
 
 22. Fingitur artibus, " is trained in aocomplishments." These two things be- 
 trayed, according to Eoman nianners, a want of modesty. Compare Ovid's 
 references to dancing ; and artes, as applied to Lyce, Carm. TV. xin. 21. So 
 Sallust, B. Catil. 25, — 'Psallere et saltare elegantius quam necesse est probse.' 
 
 24. De tenero...ungui, e| airaXwv 6vix a)U > i-e. from early years. Itis objected that this 
 construing is inconsistent with matura, v. 22 ; and Unger (in Orelli) plausibly 
 interprets the phrase &s=penitus, ex imis medullis. So it is in Plaut. Stich. 
 V. V. 20,—' usque ex unguiculis.' And so it may very well be in Cic. Fam. I. 
 vi. 2, — ' Praesta te eum qui mihi a teneris, ut Graeci dicunt, unguiculis es cog- 
 nitus.' (There seems no doubt that the Greek term might be used in either 
 sense.) 
 
 30. Institor, "anagent," a trader in articles of dress or for the toilet, Joined 
 here with Spanish traders or ship-owners, as in Epod. XVII. 20. 
 
 33. Cp. Eurip. Dictys, Fr. 15, — ovk av yevoiTO xPV&tos e/c kukov irarpos. 
 
 34. Infecit cequor. Off Mylae Ptus. in 260 b.c. and ^Egates Ise. 241 b.c. 
 
 35. Pijrrhum. b.c 280-275. His great battles were Heraclea, Asculum, Bene- 
 
 ventum. 
 
 36. Antiochum, Antiochus the Great, defeated at Thermopylae, 191 b. c. j at Mag- 
 
 nesia, 190 B.c. 
 
 37. Cp. Virg. Georg. n. 167, — ' Haec genus acre virum, Marsos pubemque Sabellam,' 
 
 etc. ; and Mn. ix. 603, sqq. 
 
 39. Severo3, " strict." So severitas is " strictness." 
 
 42. Mutaret umbras. Cp. Virg. Ecl. I. 84 ; II. 67. 
 
 ib. Juga demeret lobus, Gr. (SovXvtos. 0i\ F. v. 497, — ' Tempus erat quo versajugo 
 referuntur aratra.' Apoll. Rh. iv. 1629, — ?i/j.os 8' -rjeAios ixlv eSu, ava 5' ijAvOev 
 ao~T7jp AvAios (Cp. MiltonSs ComusJ (is t' aviivavaev oi^vpovs apoTrjpas. 
 
 43. Amicum tempus, Gr. evcppovr). 
 
 46. Avis=avorum estate. C. II. vi. 14, note. Cp. Rom. Od. $. 276. A constant 
 decay and degeneracy of the world was an Epicurean doctrine ; Lucret. n. ad 
 finem. See Conington on Georg. I. 497, and the curious patristic passages 
 cited in HaJceivelVs Apology, lib. i. pp. 56-60, and 64. 
 
 CAEM. VII.-AD ASTERIEN. 
 
 Asterie, Gyges, fictitious names. 
 
 Candidi...Favonii. These winds are mentioned, not as favourable to avoyager 
 from Bithynia, but as indicating open weather. (In C. IV. XII. 1, the N. winds 
 are spoken of under the same character.) So Meleager, cx. 9, in his descrip- 
 tion of Spring, — 
 
 %§■/) Se irAc&ovcriv en' evpea KVfiaTa vavTai 
 irvoifj aTn}jxavTO) Ze<pvpov \iva KoXiruaavTes. 
 Cp. Plautus, Merc. V. II. 35, — 
 
 ' Hic Favonius serenust, istic Auster imbricus, 
 ' Hicfacit tranquillitatem, iste omnes fluctns conciet.' 
 Cp. Plin. ii. 47> — ' Ver aperit navigantibus maria, cujus in principio Favonii 
 ' liibernum molliunt caelum.' 
 
 Thijna. See Plin. v. 32, — ' Thyni ex Europa transiere, a quibus appellantur 
 ' Bithyni Tenent oram omnem Thyni, interiora Bithyni.' 
 
 Oricwm, in Epirus. on the inner side of Acroceraunia. 
 
72 NOTES ON THE 0DE8 : BOOK III. vn, vnr. 
 
 G. CapTOB. Ov. F. v. 113, — 'Olcniao (i.e. " (Etolian ") signum pluvialc Capelb.' 
 
 6-8. Frigidas lacrimis. Cp. Ov. Ep, i. 7, 8 ; (Penelope \Jh/88i.) 
 
 10. Tnis...ignibus, " with a lovo like yourfl." 
 
 13. Mnlier, Antca (or Stheneba)a) Hom. Ll. £. 1G0, sq. Compare Ov. Trist. II. 397; 
 Jit/venal, x. 3^8. 
 
 16. Refert. The nuntius tries his constancy in every way ; finally by warning liim 
 of the danger of refusing, of which dangcr Bcllcrophon and Pelou.s are 
 instances. 
 
 18. Hippolyte (or Astydamia,) wife of Acastus, king of Iolcos. This story is 
 related in Pind. Nem. V. 26, sqq. 
 
 ib. Duonfugit, a present, depending on the past tense datum. See on I. x. 11. 
 
 ib. Abstinens. Contrast incontinens, Carm. III. iv. 77. 
 
 21. &s Se irerpos ^ QaXaffffios 
 
 KKvhoiu aKovei. Eurip. Med. 28. 
 
 ib. Icari. This is probably the gen. of Icarus, which is used alike to denote the 
 island (otherwise Icaria,) and as the personal name. Orelli and others take it 
 as gen. of Icarium, against wbom see Lachmann on Lucret. v. 1006. 
 
 25. Flectere. Ov. Ep. iv. 80 ; A. A. iii. 38i, — ' In gyros ire coactus equus.' Cp. Yvrg. 
 Georg. m. 115. 
 
 28. Tusco. Virg. Georg. i. 499. 
 
 29. See The MercTicmt of Venice, Act II. Sc. V. 
 
 31. i.e. " Though he reproach you for harshness, remain inaccessible." 
 
 CAEM. VIII.— AD M.ECENATEM. 
 
 1. Martiis...Kalendis. On this day the Matronalia were kept, in honour of Juno 
 
 Lucina. See Ov. Fast. iii. 170 ; 251-8. 
 
 2. Acerra. Virg. JEn. V. 745 ; and Forbiger's note. 
 
 4. i.e. " The altar." Carm. I. xix. 13. 
 
 5. Sermonis, " the literature," (including the antiquities and customs of Greece 
 and Eome.) Cp. ' et linguas edidicisse duas,' Ov. A. A. n. 123 ; and, ' utrisque 
 litteris,' Cic. Fin. I. IV. 10. 
 
 7. Libero caprum. Cf. Virg. Geor. n. 380, — ' Baccho caper omnibus aris Caeditur.' 
 
 10. Adstrictum pice fumum bibere. See Smith's Dict. of Antiq. art. ' Vinnm] or 
 
 Becker^s Gallus, pp. 376-7. Cp. Theocr. vn. 147. 
 
 11. Fumum. Ov. F. v. 518, — ' Promit fumoso condita vina cado.' 
 
 12. Lucius Volcatius Tullus, Cos. b.c. 66. 
 
 13. Cyathos. See below, Carm. III. XIX. 10 ; and Sat. I. VI. 117. These were 
 cups, or rather deep ladles, for measuring the wine, and for pouring it from 
 the bowl into the (pocula) glasses or drinking-cups. In Eoman measure 
 
 12 cyathi made a sextarius. 
 6 sext. ,, a congius. 
 4 congii „ an urna. 
 
 2 urnge „ an amphora, (almost 6 gallons.) 
 Cyatlios amici, i.e. in honorem amici. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. vm— x. 73 
 
 14. Sospitis, i. e. having escaped the danger mentioned v. 8. 
 ib. Centum. Cp. Oi\ Fast. m. 531,— 
 
 ' Annosque precantnr 
 ' Quot suinant cyathos, ad numernmque bibunt.' 
 
 17, Swper TJrbe. Msecenas was invested with the supreme civil authority in Eome 
 and Italy. Tac. Ann. VI. 11. (See the nature of his authority discussed and 
 explained in the Dict. Biogr. art. -* Mwcenas.') 
 
 18. Cotisonis, king of the Daci, to whom Augustus is said to have betrothed his 
 daughter Julia. 
 
 26. Privatus, i.e. ' cum sis privatus.' Cp. Velleius, II. 88, — ' Msecenas non minus 
 * Agrippa Caesari carus, sed minus honoratus, quippe vixit angusti clavi fine 
 ' contentus ;' i.e. though in fact a viceroy, he held no regular or recognised 
 magistracy. [O.] Why may it not mean simply " like a private person," 
 " laying aside the statesman for a time ?" — ( Ita laetitige vaca, ut si privatus 
 [D.] 
 
 CAEM. IX.— CAEMEN AMCEB^UM. 
 
 2. Potior. Cp. Plaut. Cas. I. 24,— 
 
 ' Tune illam ducas ? hercle, me suspendio ; 
 4 Quam tu ejus potior fias, satiust mortuum.' 
 
 6. Lydia. The name occurs in the First Book, Odes. viii, xni, xxv. If a real 
 person, the distinctive epithet given to Ilia shows that she was not a Roman. 
 
 8. Romana...Ilia. So Ov. Fast. iii. 9, — ' Eomana sacerdos,' instead of Albana or 
 
 Latina. 
 
 9. Thressa. Compare the feminine forms, Magnessa, Cressa t Plioznissa. 
 
 13. Torretface mutua. Cp. Soph. Fragm. (Enom. 421, — 
 
 roiav TleAoip Xvyya dnipaTwpiav 
 epaTos aaTpaTrrfv tiv bjx^.dr(av exet, 
 ivQctAireTaL jxkv avr6s i^oina 8' £jjl4. 
 
 14. Thurini. Thurium was in Lucania, not far from the ancient site of Sybaris. 
 
 15. Eur. Or. 1116, — dls davelv ovx a£o/Aai. 
 
 20. Patetjanua. Tibull I. n. 9. 
 
 21. Sidere jpulchrior. 
 
 ' Fair as a star, when only one 
 
 ' ls shining in the sky.' Wordsivorth. 
 
 aXlyiciov acTTepi Kahcp. Hom. II. £ 401. 
 
 CAEM. X.— AD LYCEN. 
 
 1. i.e. "If you were a Scythian." 
 
 2. Asperas .fores. So Ov. Am. II. xix. 21, — 
 
 ' Et sine me, ante tuos projectum in limine postes, 
 ' Longa pruinosa frigora nocte pati.' 
 Bentl. conjectures jprojectum here. 
 
 4. Plorares. Plaut. Aul. II. iv. 29,— ' Aquam hercle plorat cum lavat profundere.' 
 
 7. Ventis. Bentl. conjectures sentis, to avoid the zeugma, by which glaciet, as well 
 as remugiat, depends upon audis. 
 
 k 
 
74 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK 111. x, xi. 
 
 7. Ut glaciet, i.e. "you see how the clear sky is freezing the lying snow." [M.] 
 quotes So±>h. Fragm. Achill. 1G2, — irdyuv cpavevros aldpiov. 
 
 8. Numine. Inasmuch as * Jupiter ' is used for ' iEther,' numen is drawn into 
 the same metaphor, and becomes a descriptive tcrm. 
 
 9. Cp. Eur. Hippol. 6 ; Tibull. I. yiii. 69. 
 
 10. i.e. "Lest all should be suddenly reversed." The metaphor is from a rope burst- 
 ing back, when at full tension on a turning wheel. 
 Orelli cites Aristid. Panath. p. 118, — 
 
 irdvra &cnrep na\ov p"ayevros ex^pncev oiriatv. 
 (Ka\ov is for k<x\u. Arist. was a rhetor of the 2nd cent. a.d.) 
 
 14. Tinctus viola pallor. Cp. Virgil's epithet, 'pallentes violas,' Ecl. n. 47. Ovid 
 has another comparison for paleness, Met. IV. 134, — ' Oraque buxo PaUidiora 
 gerens,' (sc. Thisbe.) Cp. 6fxoios 0ctyo> (" a dye.") Theocr. Id. n. 88. 
 
 15. Pieria, " Pierian," i.e. Macedonian. The northern Pierians introduced and 
 spread the worship of the Muses in Greece, and accordingly this adjective be- 
 came their descriptive epithet ; but in this place it has its first and proper 
 sense as a geographical term. 
 
 17. Parcas. This is usually taken as an entreaty, and Orelli explains it thus, — 
 
 ' Quanquam humani nihil te flectit, tamen veluti dea miserere,' not quite 
 satisfactorily. Mr. Shilleto, I understand, proposes to make it a dependent 
 verb, — ' curvat ut parcas,' i. e. " induces you to listen to me ;" which makes 
 better sense, if it were preceded by quando instead of quaravis. 
 
 18. Cp. Ov. Ep. X. 1, — ' Mitius inveni quam te genus omne ferarum.' 
 
 CAEM. XI.— AD MEHCUEIUM. 
 
 3. Sappho, Fragm. 70, — frye 5?a x^ vv ~n ^*ye> <p(apa<rca 5e yiveo. 
 6. Cp. Ars Poet. 404 ; Hom. Odyss. p. 271. 
 9. Cp. Anacr. Fragm. 75, — 
 
 7rwAe QpTjKin ri 8ri fie 
 \ol;bv ou/j.acriv &\4irovo~a 
 vr]\e£>s (psvyeLS ;... 
 vvv Se \eiutvvds t€ fiSffKeai 
 Kovcpd re CKipruxra iraifcis. 
 So Eur. Bacch. 167, — 
 
 ■fjdoueva 8' a"pa 
 7rS>\os '6ttlvs aua uarepi <pop&&8i 
 koo\ov ixyei rax^ovv <TKipri\ua<n f3aKxa. 
 And v, 866, — ws ve&pbs x^oepals 
 
 ifiirai&vtra \e(fxaKOs Tjdovats. 
 Comp. Shdkesp. Merchant of Venice, Act v. Sc. i : 
 
 ' Do but note a wild and wauton herd 
 ' Or race of youthful and unhandled colts, 
 ' Fetching mad bounds, &c.' 
 
 ' Therefore the poets 
 
 ' Did feign that Orpheus drew trees, stones, and floods.' 
 
 17. This stanza has beeu condemned as spurious by many great critics, yet it is 
 
 necessary as au explanation of the indefinite term 'Janitor aulse.' (Consult 
 Orelli's Excursus in defence of it.) 
 
 18. Ejus is a word rare in poetry, but it does not follow that it is spurious. 
 Exeatque is Bentley's conjecture, and has had favourers ; but a little considera- 
 tion will show that the passages adduced in support of it (e.g. Ov. Trist. IV. 
 iii. 41 ; V. VI. 20, etc.J make against it. The phrase was common enough, 
 but only in the sense of "expiring," not of "breathing" 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xi, xn. 75 
 
 21. Quin. e£=quinetiam, as in 0. I. x. 13 ; II. xin. 37. Compare the position of 
 
 et in C. I. xn. 25 ; and so 7w*0. J57?i. vi. 735. 
 23. Danai puellas Cp. Ov. Ep. XIV, ' Hypermnestra Lynceo.' 2Esch. P. V. 
 
 853—869. 
 
 26. Inane dolium. Shakesp. Cymb. Act I. Sc. vn, — 
 
 ' That tub botli filled and running.' 
 
 See Lucian, Timon, 17. ' In pertusum ingerimus dolium' is a proverb in 
 
 Plautus, Pseud. I. in. 135. So Lucret. m. 936. 
 
 27. Pereuntis. In Lucret. iii. 940, the verse 
 
 ' Sin ea, quae fructus cumque es, periere profusa ' 
 may be said to indicate both the first and second senses of this verb. So in 
 Ter. Ad % 134, — 'Profundat, perdat, pereat.' Qucere — Is 'pereundi/ Livy, 
 Prcef. L. 1, ( '' pereundi perdendique omnia ') transitive or intransitive. 
 
 29. Cp. Eur. Hipp. 1416. 33. Cp. Pind. Nem. x. 6. 
 
 35. Splendide mendax. Similar instances of this figure (oxymoron) are quoted 
 from Cic. Mil. 27 ; Tac. HisU IV. 50 ; Msc%. Frag. Inc. 273, airdTri SiKata ; Soph, 
 Antig. 74, '6<ria iravovpyf)(ra<ra. Ov. Ejp. xn. 129, — ' Pietate nocentes.' Ov. Met. 
 VIII. 477, — ' Impietate pia est.' Ib. iii. 5, and vi. 474. 
 
 Compare also, in general sentiment, Soph. Phil. 108, — 
 ovtc al&xpbv rjyelSriTa Ta \pevBrj Aejeiv ; 
 ovk ' 6i t6 acodrjvai ye rb \pev8os (pepzi. 
 
 49. i.e. "Fly how and whither you can." Cp. the Greek phrase a Tr68es "kyov, 
 Theocr. xin. 70, and xiv. 42; and in Scripture (1 Sam. xxin. 13), "went 
 whithersoever they could go." 
 
 51. Sepulcro. Whose ? his own, or Hypermnestra's ? In the first sense, scalpe 
 might be=scalpendam cura. But it is easier to understand sepulcro of a 
 memorial tablet, or a cenotaph ; as in Ov. Met. XI. 429, — ' Ssepe in tumulis 
 sine corpore nomina legi.' (See Virg. 2En. III. 304, and Forbigei-'s note.) Ovid 
 has perhaps misled the commentators here, but he suggests (what Horace does 
 not) 
 
 * Vel dede neci, defunctaque vita 
 ' Corpora furtivis insuper adde rogis.' 
 Of course he may then properly add ' Scriptaque sint titulo nostra sepulcra 
 brevi.' Heroid. xiv. 125 — 8. 
 
 CARM. XII.—AD NEOBULEN. 
 
 The arrangement of this Ode is due to Kirchner, and given in Orelli, Excurs. 
 It is probable in itself, uniform with the rest of the Horatian metres, and con- 
 sistent with the recognised rule of its own metre, viz. scansion in periods of 
 10 feet. 
 
 2. Dare ludum, i. e. to indulge their passion, to give it full play or scope. [~0.1 
 cites i//i>xV 8i56vres ydovr}, JEsch. Pers. 841; and Cic. pro Ccel. 12 j Plaut. 
 Bacch. IV. x. 9. Some (but not so well) take the phrase to mean, " to be 
 the sport of Love ;" as in III. xxvn. 69, — ' lusit ; ' and &/xaxos 4(xira(£ei debs 
 5 A<fy)oStTa, Soph. Antig. 800. 
 
 4. Patruo3, See Jahn on Pers. i. 11. 
 
 ib. Verbera linguce. Cp. JEsch. Eum. 156, — 
 
 oveiSos 
 
 eTvtyev diKav 5i<ppr)\aTov 
 fj.€aro\a^u Kevrpcp. 
 And v. 135, — avTiKevTpa. 
 
 k 2 
 
76 NOTES ON THE 'ODES : BOOK III. xn— xiy. 
 
 5. Tibi. Neobulc ia fchoaght to bc addressing bersel^ acoording fco the fragment 
 of Alcacus (Fr. 58.) imita&ed, — ifti^ tiet\av, e'ju« irataav KaKoraruv Treo exotaav. 
 
 ib. < your wool-basket." 
 
 8. Liparcei, " of Lipara," near Sicily. 11. Cp. Theoor. II. n. 12 1, — 
 
 kcu 7ap i\a(ppbs Ka\ Ka\6s... 
 
 11. Bellerophonte. ' Ult. syll. producitur a forma BeAA? po&ovrys? Orell. Cp. C 
 IV. xi. 28. 
 
 11, 12. Segni may be taken with both pugno and pc7e. The ablative probably 
 signifies the cause, " by reason of slow fist or foot," i.e. inferiority in boxing 
 or racing. 
 
 15. Alto...fruticeto. Padetys £k £v\6xoto, Hom. II. \. 415. See Bentley's note, illus- 
 
 trating both alto and his own reading o.rto. 
 
 16. Excipere. Gr. -dexeadat, as in Hom. H. i. 238, " to receire n on the point of 
 
 the spear. 
 
 CARM. XIII.— AD FONTEM. 
 
 1. Fons Bandusio?. The true site of this appears to have been six miles from 
 Yenusia. It is conjectured that Horace transferred the name, ' for auld lang- 
 syne,' (cp. Virg. JEn. III. 349) to the springs on his Sabine farm. (Was 
 Bandusia the name of the place, or of the presiding nymph of the fountain r) 
 
 2. Digne mero, i. e. " worthy of an offering of wine," etc. Such offerings as these 
 
 were made to the fontes, and their festival (FontanaliaJ) was celebrated on the 
 13th October. Cp. ' Fonti rex Numa mactat ovem,' Ov. Fast. iii. 300 j and the 
 mention of a fontis delubrum in Cic. N. D. iii. 37. Sacrifices to rivers are 
 mentioned in Homer, IZ. <p. 131 ; ;J/. 147; and Herod. vii. 113 : where observe a 
 contrast between Horace's inficiet tibi rivos, and the Persian's care not to stain 
 the stream with blood. 
 
 5. Proelia destinat, "niarks out as natural to his age." ' Titulus inermi fronte 
 prurit in pugnam.' Mart. III. lviii. 11. 
 
 15. Loquaces. Cp. ' Garrulus...rivus,' Ov. Fast. n. 316; and Theocr. VII. 137. 
 
 16. Lymphce. ' Cave construas lyrruphas loquaces tua?, quod prosam orationem sapit, 
 et in hac structura Poeta dixisset tibi non tv.ce.' [Bent.~] 
 
 CAEM. XIY.~ AD EOMAXOS. 
 
 1. The sense is as follows, — " Augustus, who appeared to us at Rome to have 
 
 " gone on a fatally dangerous expedition, to have sought, Kke another 
 "Hercules, glory at the risk of life, now is returning home." This was in B.c. 
 24. Augustus had been ill, and reports of his death had spread ; and some 
 interpret the phrase here used as referring to them. I have followed OreUi. 
 
 2. Morte venodem. Cp. Yirg. 2£<%. ix. 206, — ' Qui vita bene credat emi quo tendia 
 
 honorem.' Ib. XII. 49, — ' Letumque sinas pro laude pacisci.' 
 
 5. Unico gauderis, i. e. " whose love is given to him alone." Some have constnied 
 : . " excelient ;" as in Ca&uU. xxix. 11, — ' Imperator unice ;' but this leaves 
 no distinctive sense for clari duds, v. 7. 
 
N0TE8 ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xiv— xvi. 77 
 
 5. Mulier, Livia Drusilla, wife of Augustus ; the Augusta Julia of Ovid, Fast. i. 
 
 536. 
 
 6. Operata sacris, " let her come forth and offer her thank-offerings." Divis is a 
 various reading ; operor might be construed equally well with it. Sacris is the 
 abl. c. ; divis would be dative. 
 
 7. Soror, Octavia, mother of the Marcellus of Virgil, 2En. VI. 883. 
 
 8. Supplice vitta. Cp. Virg. Mn. IV. 637 ; vn. 237. ' Pontificium harum vocum 
 nomen supplicia servavit,' Sallust, Jug. xlvi. [0.] 
 
 11. Male ominatis is a quasi-compound ; it may be compared with suave olens in 
 Catull. xix. 13, 
 
 18. Marsi. The Social or Marsic War of 90 — 88 B.c. — ' Cum timuit socias anxia 
 
 Eoma manus.' Ov. Am. III. xv. 10. 
 
 19. Spartacum, the head of the Servile War, 73 — 71 B. c. ' The most terrible 
 
 * guerilla chieftain recorded in history, unstained by the vices of his conquerors.' 
 W. B. Donne, in Biogr. Dict. 
 23. Janitorem, " the porter." " If he will not admit you, or keeps you waiting, 
 " come back." 
 
 27. Cp. Ov. Met. XV. 209 — 
 
 ' Posito fervore juventee 
 ' Matunis mitisque.' 
 
 28. L. Munatius Plancus, Cos, 42 b. c. 
 
 CAEM. XV.- AD CHLORIN. 
 
 There is a free paraphrase of this Ode by Parnell. 
 
 3. Laboribus, i.e. amoribus. 
 
 4. Maturo . . .funeri, " death that comes at a ripe or full age." 
 
 7. " Though such gaiety becomes Pholoe, it does not therefore become you." 
 
 13. " Home and household occupations suit your age " (decent te vetulam) % Cp. 
 Hom. II. £ 490 — 
 
 ra (Tavrris <ipya nofxifc, 
 
 1<Tt6v t' 7]\aK(XT7)V T€. 
 
 14. Luceriam, in Apulia. 
 
 16. Fcece tenus. Theocr. vn. 70, — KvXUecra-i Kal es Tpvya x^°s dpettwv. 
 
 CARM. XVI.— AD M^ECENATEM. - 
 
 1. Soph. Antig. 946,— 
 
 eTAa Kal Aavdas ovpdviov <pa>s 
 
 aKKa^ai h4p.as iv x a *- K °SeTois av\a?s. 
 1 The story of Zeus descending as golden rain into the prison of Danae, was 
 ' meant for the bright sky dehvering the earth from the bonds of winter, and 
 ' awakening in her a new life, by the golden showers of spring.' — Max Miiller, 
 Lect. x. 2nd series. 
 
 2. Bobustce, "oaken." Cp. Ov. Met. V, 120 — 125; and Virg. Mn. n. 481, — 'firma 
 robora,' (mentioned, it may be observed, in connection with postes ceratos.) 
 
 ib. Vigib.i.m. Cp. Lucr. v. 862,—' Levisomna canum fido cum pectore corda,' 
 
78 NOTES ON TIIE ODES : BOOK III. xvj, xvn. 
 
 3. Tristes. Cp. Hom. II. k. 183, — kvvcs 8vffupr)crovTat. 
 
 12. Argivi, Ampliiaraus, betrayed by Eripbylo to tbo Thcban War. Cp. Ov. Nux, 
 110,— 
 
 ' Praeda nefandae 
 1 Conjugis Aonium misit in arma virum.' 
 1 Fundus fabulce. Hom. Od. A. 326.' [O.] 
 
 14. Vir Maceclo, Philip. ' Callidus emptor Olynthi,' Juv. XII. 47. Plutarch says, in 
 his life of P. iEmilius, ' It was a common saying, that it was not Pliilip, but 
 Phibp's gold that took the cities.' Compare the saying of Philip, quoted in 
 Cic. acl Att. i. 16. 
 
 15. Navium duces. This is generally understood to be an allusion to thc 
 
 deserter Menas. 
 
 17. Cp. Juv. xiv. 139, — ' Crescit amor nummi quantum ipsa pecunia crescit.' 
 
 18. Majorum fames. Theocr. xn. 65, — Tr\e6vuv 'Ijxepos. 
 
 19. Late conspicuum. Cp. ' late spectabilis,' Ov. Ep. ix. 127. 
 
 23. Castra. An image already used by Cicero, ad Fam. ix. 20, where see also 
 Groevius' citation of Seneca, Ep. 2, — c Soleo enim et in alia castra transire, non 
 tamquam transfuga.' 
 
 25. Compare Burns (in his Vision) , — 
 
 ' Then never murmur or repine ; 
 
 ' Strive in thy humble sphere to shine, 
 
 ' And, trust me, not Potosi's mine, 
 
 ' Nor king's regard, 
 ' Can give a bliss o'ermantling thine, — 
 1 A rustic Bard.' 
 
 28. Cp. the Oh. ejpigram of Palladas, — S> to?s K\-qpov6[iot.s irXovcne, ffol Se irevvs. 
 
 29. Virg. Geor. n. 467, sq. 
 
 31. Cic. Att. vii. 11, — { Unam mehercule tecum apricationem in illo Lucretino tuo 
 sole malim, quam omnia istiusmodi regna.' 
 
 34. Laistrygonia. Formias was popularly identified with the city of Homer's 
 
 Laestrygones, whose King Lamus, mentioned in the next Ode, was son of 
 Poseidon. Odyss. k. 82, — 
 
 efioo/xdTT} S' iK6/A€ff9a Ad/xov aWv 7rTo\U6pov 
 
 Tr)XiiTv\ov AaiffTpvyovir)v. 
 See Cic. Att. n. 13. Formise is satirically called Mamurrarum webe in Sat. I. 
 v. 37. 
 
 35. Cp. ' GalHca3 oves pretiosiores habentur, earumque prsecipue Altinates ' (= 
 near Venice), Colum. VII. n. 3 ; and Mart. XI Y. clv. 
 
 ' Velleribus primis Apuha, Parma secundia 
 1 Nobibs, Altinum tertia laudat ovis.' 
 
 ib. Gallicis, "in Cisalpine Gaul." 
 
 39. Contracto. ' Each wish contracting.' GoldsmiWs Traveller. 
 
 40. Cic. Parad. VI. 3, — ' Quam magnum vectigal sit parsimonia.' 
 
 41. Alyattei. With the form of this genitive, compare Acliillei, TJlixei, E]pod. XVII* 
 
 14, 16 ; C. 1. XV. 34. Regnum Alyattei, Lydia. 
 
 43. Bene est. So Ep. I. i. 89 ; Sat. II. II. 120. 
 
 CARM. XVII.— AD ^LIUM LAMIAM. 
 
 Lv.cius Mlius Lamia. ' Meo Lanriae/ Carm. I. xxvi. 8. Their nobility is made 
 proverbial in Juvenal, iv. 154 ; vi. 385» 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xvn— xix. 79 
 
 1. Lamus, the reputed ancestor of the family. See above Carm. v. 34. 
 
 5. Ducis. This is the reading authorised by MSS. Ducit is a correction very 
 generally adopted, but not necessary, although plausible. 
 
 7. Maricce, a nymph worshipped at Minturnae, identified by some with Circe j the 
 mother of Latinus, according to Virg. 2En. VII. 47. 
 
 9. Late tyrannus. evpvKpeiav. 
 
 10. Alga...inutili. Cp. the proverbial phrases in Sat. II. V. 8; Virg. Ecl. vii. 42 : 
 also the description, Hom. H. i. 7. 
 
 12. AqucB...augur. So below, Carm. III. XXVII. 10; and cp. Virg. Georg. I. 388, — ■ 
 
 ' Cornix plena pluviam vocat improba voce ;' and Lucret. V. 1084. 
 
 13. Annosa. Cp. Ees. Fr. 106, — 
 
 evvea roi ^wet yeveas KaKepvfc Kop&vn 
 avSpoiJv rjfic&vTtov. 
 
 Add Ovid, Am. II. VI. 36, — ' Cornix 
 
 ' Illa quidem sseclis vix moritura novem.' 
 
 14. Compone. Not, perhaps, quite the same as ' super foco repone ' in C. I. ix ; 
 but " collect for to-morroVs use." 
 
 ib. Genium...curabis. See Art. f Genius' in Biogr. Dict. The phrase may be com- 
 pared with Persius V. 151, — ' Indulge Genio, carpamus dulcia ;' and with its 
 opposite in Plaut. Tric. I. n. 81, — ' Qui cum Geniis suis belHgerant parcipromi.' 
 
 16. Ojperum solutis, "released from work," as on a holiday. On the subject of holi- 
 day exemptions for slaves, Cp. Cic. Legg. n. 29 ; Tibull. II. I. 5. [0.] 
 
 CARM. XVIII.— AD FAUNUM. 
 
 4. Alumnis, " the nurslings of the flock." 
 
 6. Veneris sodaU. The cup is so called in accordance with the old verse, which 
 joins Yenus with Bacchus, — ' Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus '; a proverb 
 quoted in Ter. Eun. IV. v. 6 ; and Cic. Nat. D. II. 44 ; and generally expressed 
 in Eur. Bacch. 773, — oXvov 8e /j.rjKir' ovros ovk iariv Kvnpis. 
 
 11. Festus, rarely used of jpersons ; but so 'festam plebem,' Tac. Ann. n. 69. 
 
 15. Cp. Lucret. v. 140, — 
 
 ' Membra moventes 
 ' Duriter et duro terram pede pellere matrem.' 
 
 16. Ter pede. ' Quod est tripudiare,' Sch. Tripudium, i.e. " a measured and religious 
 dance," derived by Cicero (Div. II. 34) from terripudium, is perhaps more 
 correctly deduced, with its kindred verb tripudio, from this phrase ter pedx. 
 Observe that an old collateral form of the verb is tripodo. 
 
 CAEM. XIX.— AD TELEPHUM. 
 
 Quantum distet, i. e. in point of time. The meaning is, — " You are absorbed in 
 " questions of ancient history and chronology, when you should be joining in 
 " our arrangements for a party." 
 
 Maci, father of Peleus and Telamon, king of iEgina (see the legend of its peo- 
 ple, the Myrmidones, in Ov. Met. vli. 622 — 657), afterwards a judge in Hades. 
 See Carm. II. xiii. 22. 
 
 4. Sacro. The Homeric epithet "Wios ipf). 
 
80 NOTES 0N THE ODES : B00K III. xix— xxi. 
 
 6. Aquara tempcrct, i.c. tot the bftth. Oic. Fcm. IX. xvi. 9. 
 
 7. Quota, " at wlaat hour ? " 
 
 9. Lunce, gcnitive case. So in Greek, Call. Ep. xxx. 1, — tyx (L K °d ifd\iv elwJ 
 Aiok\4os. Compare above, C. III. viii. 3. 
 
 10. 71 ";/"/•/.-• Mwr&fUB. Carm. II. x. is addressed to Murena, probably thc same. 
 
 This feast may be supposed to celebrate his election into the College of 
 Augurs. 
 
 11. Tribus aut novem. Cyathus is used to express one-twelfth of the uiiit 
 
 (as uncia of the as) ; therefore the proportion here proposed is equivalent to 
 one-fourth, or three-fourths wine to three-fourths or one-fourth water. 
 
 ib. Commodis, " fully filled." So Bent. and Orelli. Gesner seems to explain it as 
 " suited to each taste." 
 
 11. Attonitus, "in a fine frenzy," Cp. insanire, v. 18. 
 
 15. Tris supra, i.e. "more than three," according to the choice given in v. 11. 
 
 But [0.] understands it as tres supra novem, i,e. ' duodecim, vel, quod idem est, 
 merum nulla prorsus aqua dilutum,' i.e. " the poet will choose the nine cyathi, 
 but not exceed them." This seems forced, and unsuited to the preceding con- 
 text. 
 
 19. Cp. Eurip Bacch. 128, — Qpvyiwv ab\S>v irvev[xari ; and the connection of ab\u>v 
 
 avpiyywv Te, in Eurip. Troad. 126. 
 
 20. Bendet, i. e. " hangs up untouched." irao-o~d\o<pi Kpe/xaae, Hom. Od. 6. 67. 
 
 26. Similem Vespero. Diomed is compared to Sirius, in Hom. II. e. 5; Pallas 
 
 to Lucifer, in Vvrg. 2En. vni. 589 ; Jason to Sirius, in Apoll. Rhod. III. 936, — 
 ctTe ^eipios cvKedvoio 
 ts S^ rot KaXbs fxev apiQr)\6s t iaideaOai 
 avTeWet, LiT)\oiai 5' iv &o"ireTov r^Kev oiQvv. 
 
 CAEM. XX.— AD PYEEHUM. 
 
 2. Leccno3, i.e. the beauty who claims Nearchus as her lover. (For a serious gmnde 
 ceiiamen of the kind, Cp. Soph. Trach. 503, sqq.) 
 
 8. Major an illi. OrelH adopts the conjecture illa, taking major in the sense 
 " victorious." The common reading seems genuine, — " Whether the lion'a 
 share (i.e. victory) falls to you or her." Illi is authorised by all MSS. The 
 two oldest Harl. MSS. add the gloss meretrici, thus excluding the idea of an 
 erratum. 
 
 11. Arbiter. Nearchus is the umpire as well as the prize of the contest. But cp. 
 /jlSxQw (3paf3evs, in Eur. Hel. 703. 
 
 14. ' Odoratis humeros perfusa capillis .Mseonis/ Ov. Fast. Ii. 309. Cp. Theocr, Y. 
 91. 
 
 15. Nireus. Hom. II. &. 673. 
 
 ib. Aquosus. The Homeric iro\vir(da^. 
 
 16. Raptus, i. e. Ganymede. Cp. Hom. II. v. 234. 
 
 CAEM. XXI.— AD AMPHOEAM. 
 
 1. Manlio, Lucius Manl. Torquatns, Cons. b.c. 65. See Chronolog. Table. 
 
 4. Bia } " gentle. kindly." It would be impia, if producing querdlas, rixas, &c. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xxi— xxiil 81 
 
 5. Quocunque lectum nomine, " gathered " (a term more proper for tlie grapes ; 
 here therefore=" stored up ") " to whatever end." Cp. eo nomine, " on that 
 accountj" suo nomine, "on his own acconnt," i.e. personally. Ccesar, B.G. i. 
 18. 
 
 6. Bono dAe. Ov. Fast i. 72. 
 
 7. Descende. The apotheca, where the amphorce were kept, was in the upper story 
 
 of the honse. 
 
 «"&. Corvino, Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus, — ' diserti Messallae/ Ars Poet. 371. 
 
 9. Madet. A convivial metaphor, applied to philosophic studies, borrowed from 
 Horace by Martial, I. xl. 3 ; VII. lxix. 2. 
 
 ib. Socraticis . . .sermonibus. A phrase borrowed by Plin. Ep. III. xii. 1. 
 
 11. Prisci, i.e. " the elder Cato." Some explain it as a synonym for severi, and 
 suppose Cato Uticensis to be meant ; to whom the allusion (if it were any- 
 thing but a jest) would be more strictly applicable. 
 
 13. Lene tormentum, " a gentle force." yXviceV ai/dyKa, Bacchylides, Fr. 27. 
 
 18. Cornua, the same, in metaphor, as vires. It is a frequent phrase in Scripture, 
 and is found in Ovid, A. A. I. 239. 
 
 24. Fugat. Cp. Eur. Ion, 84, — &arpa 8e (pevyet; and 1158, — ea>y hiwKOva' &(TTpa. 
 So Virg. En. ni. 521 ; Ov. Am. I. xni. 28. 
 
 CAEM. XXII.— AD DIANAM. 
 
 2. Gr. elXelOvia. The phrase is borrowed by Ov. Am. II. xiii. 18. 
 
 4. Triformis. Virg. 2En. IV. 511. i.e. worshipped as Luna, Diana, Hecate. 
 
 6. Per exactos...annos. So, ' pleno anno,' Carm. XVIII. 5. Cp. Carm. III. vm. 9. 
 
 7. Obliquum. Ov. Ep. Ph&dra Hipp. 104, — ' Obliquo dente timendus aper.' Hom. 
 II. fi. 148, — aveaffiv Sox^v t' atacrovTe. Odyss. t. 450, — AiKpupls ai£as. 
 
 CAEM. XXIII.-AD PHIDYLEN. 
 
 1. Supinas . . .manus. inrTiao-ixacriv x*p&v> JEsch. P. V. 1026. 
 
 3. Horna, " the prodnce of the year." 
 
 4. Avida porca. Ov. Fast. I. 349. 7. Robiginem. Ov. Fast. iv. 911. 
 
 9. Nam quce, etc. " You may sacrifice fthure etfruge) : the costly victims fed upon 
 ^lgidus, on the Alban pastures, are for the state (pontificesj to offer." 
 
 12. Victima; 18. hostia. Derived by Ovid from vinco, hostis. Fast. I. 335, — 
 ' Victima, quse dextra cecidit victrice, vocatur; 
 ' Hostibus amotis hostia nomen habet.' 
 
 14. Temptare. . .coronantem, i.e. temptare (Cp. ' temptai-e precando,' in Vg. 2En. IV. 113) 
 
 et coronare. 
 
 15. Coronantem. Cp. Juv. xn. 87, — ' Graciles ubi parva coronas 
 
 ' Accipiunt fragih simulacra nitentia cera.' 
 
 ib. Marino rore. * Ros maris,' Ov. A. A. m. 690. See Paley on Ov. F. IV. 440. 
 
 I 
 
82 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. JCXin, \\iv. 
 
 17. Tmrmtwis (eo. &oa i ■<■'■"). "ptire." Op. ' Parva bonsB Cereri, 
 sint modo oasta, plaoent.' Ov. Fast. rv. 112. E2 oontr., — 'Non bene oasleetea 
 impia dextra oolit.' Ov. Ep. vii. 130. Cp. Pers. II. 73, agq., who bidfl thc 
 worshippera bring tho blended offering of justice and faith, Jnjly thoughts, and 
 manly truth : 
 
 ' Compositum jus fasque animo, sanctosque recessus 
 ' Mentis, et incoctum generoso pectus honesto : 
 ' Haec cedo ut admoveam templis et farre litabo.' 
 
 18. Non...blandior, sc.futura. " If the votary's hands are clean, they propitiate the 
 
 " gods with the humblest offering, and would not be more persuasive with the 
 " costliest." 
 
 20. Farre...mica. Ov. Fast. i. 338; iv. 409, — ' Farra Deae micaeque licet salientis 
 honorem Detis.' 
 
 CARM. XXIV. 
 
 3. Ccementis, " broken masses, rubble," from ccsdo. Cp. (both for meaning and 
 phrase) Carm. III. I. 35. 
 
 4. Terrenum...publicum. This reading is due to Lachmann. He shows (on Lucr. 
 I. 360) that the old Bland. MS. reads publicum, with the addition of late patens 
 as a gloss. (I find it also in Hl. E. ; and it is a variant in some MSS. for 
 proximum in v. 47, a confusion probably arising out of its actual use here.) 
 
 Terrenum, a generic technical term for land, (and so used in Liv. xxiii. 19, 
 'herbidi terreni,') is a conjectural correction, necessary, if publicum is read. 
 Publicus was the legal phrase for things (naturali jure omnium communia) free 
 and common to all, and " of no private right ;" and would, therefore, be fitly 
 antithetical to occupes, " yon seize or invade aggressively, usurpingly." 
 While there are these positive arguments in favour of Lachmann's reading, 
 there are the following objections to the old line : The order of words is awk- 
 ward, so is the addition of the adj. omne (we might expect rather Tyrrhenumque) . 
 Further, though the two adjectives (Tyrrhenum et Apulicum) , taken togetherin 
 poetic hyperbole, stand for " the whole of the coast," it is obvious to .remark 
 that Apulia, whether coast or country, was never a favourite resort (' in- 
 anissima pars Italia^,' Cic. ad Att. vin. 3. Cp. H. Fpod. iii. 16 ; and Sat. I. v. 
 78) . Nor again does this name ever occur for the superum mare. Again, the 
 form Apulicus is never used, nor is there any instance of the A being 
 shortened. 
 
 6. Summis verticibus, " on the topmost summits." The sense is, — "Vast as your 
 " plans and works may be, there is a Destiny above all, from whose over- 
 " whelming power you cannot be secure." [0.] says, — ' Explica de verticibus, 
 ' fastigiis, a^Tcauaaiv 8edium....'Ava7K7j clavos...in aedium culmine figit domino 
 ' velut acclamans Hucusque nec nltra.' Somewhat analogous is the descrip- 
 tion of impending retribution in iEschylus, of an avenger whose cmshing 
 weight or force no roof can resist : Suppl. 647, — 
 
 irpd.KTopa...bp ov tis av 56/u.os %X 0L ^ 71 "' 
 
 6p6(pci)v fxiaivovTa, Bapvs 5' £<pt(;ei. 
 Some, however, connect the phrase with the.. siibsequent rather than the 
 previous context, interpreting it of " the heights of pride and prosperity " (as 
 Jani interprets,) or of " the owner;" as if for vertice in the sense ofcapite, with the 
 plural for the singular, perhaps as being more comprehensive, and also 
 avoiding any tantology with caput in v. 8. The first-mentioned way seems the 
 safest ; but if the last were sufficiently approved, the whole sentence, with its 
 peculiar metaphor (clavos), and its indefinite equivocal expression (verticibus), 
 might take its place beside Shakespeare's allegory (Rich. II. Act III, Sc. Ii.) 
 of Death, who, seated 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xxiv. 83 
 
 ' Within the hollow crown . . . 
 c Comes at the last, and with a little pin 
 ' Bores through his castle walls.' 
 
 8. Laqueis. JEsch. Ag. 358, — t^t' iirl Tpolas irvpyois eBaXes 
 
 CTeyavbv 5'iktvov, ws /xi]Te \xiyav 
 
 fx-fjT' ovv veapav tiv' virepTeXecrai 
 
 /xeya SovXelas 
 
 ydyya/xov aTTjs iravaX&Tov. Cp. Prom. V. 1078. 
 
 9. Campestres...Scythce. ^,Kv6as...vo/xddas dl irAeKTas o~Teyas 
 
 irebdpaioi valov& > eir evKvnKois oxois. 2Esch. P. V. /09. 
 With the eulogy here passed on them, compare Homer's epithet SiKaioTa- 
 
 T(t)V, II. V. 6. 
 
 ib. Melius=felicius, rather than rectius, as in Sat. I. iv. 135. 
 
 12. Immetata, " held in common, unenclosed." C omp are Virg. Georg. I. 126; Ov. 
 Met. i. 135, — ' Communemque prius ceu lumina solis et auras 
 ' Cautus humum longo signavit limite mensor.' 
 14. Cp. Caesar's account of the Suevi, Bell. Gall. IV. 1 ; and Tac. Germ. 26. 
 
 18. Temperat, " abstains from injuring." Comp. (e contra) Ov. Met. i. 147 ; Virg. 
 Georg. II. 128. 
 
 19. Dotata, etc. Cp. Mart. Ep. VIII. XII ; Plaut. Asin. I. I. 74,— Dote imperium 
 
 veiididi.' But the locus classicus on the subject is in Aulul. Act. III. Sc. V. 
 (vv. 471-527) which Wagner looks on as the exposition of the^ reforming 
 principles of Cato and his party. 
 
 21. Dos...magna. 'Why, then, mine honesty shall be my dower,' Shakespeare, 
 
 King Henry VI., Pt. 3, Act III. Sc. II. Cp. Plaut. Amphitr. II. II. 207, sq. 
 
 22, Alterius viri. iiraKTbv dvdpa, Sop>h. Aj. 1296. eTepois iir\ XeKTpots, Eur. Med. 639. 
 
 24. Etpeccare, etc. " the principle of looking on vice (peccarej&s a thing to be rejected 
 with abhorrence, or else (autj reoompensed by death." This is Gesner's in- 
 terpretation, according to which vv. 21-24 form but one sentence and sentiment, 
 and therefore est is not to be repeated ; while e in emori may be understood 
 as conveying an emphatic meaning of utter, instant death, as a privilege and 
 relief under the shame of what is intolerable. If est mori is adopted, there 
 must be a stop after castitas, and a break in the context ; and the meaning 
 will be " and sin is abhorred, or else the penalty is death ;" i.e. the adulteress 
 is put to death by her relatives. This is Orelli's method. The doubt about 
 the reading and the variation in MSS. may have arisen from e being often an 
 abbreviation for est. Again, Sanadon believes that est is the interpolation of 
 one who did not see that v. 24 might be referred back to the est in v. 21. And 
 undoubtedly emori gives a more difficult, and perhaps poetical, construction, 
 and therefore might invite alteration. 
 
 [0.] can hardly be said to determine the meaning of emori by his citations. 
 In Cicero, emori seems to be a mere substitution for mori, on account of the 
 metre : in Columella, emori is " to die away." The natural force of e in 
 emorior would be either intensive, or denoting escape, (i.e. " to die outright, 
 or to get away by death.") Compare Plaut. Aulul. IV. v. 1, — 'Emortuom ego 
 me mavelim leto maio.' 
 
 27. Fater Urbium. Carm. I. II. 50. An appeal to Augustus to check the license 
 
 of the age, disregarding (v. 30) unpopularity. 
 
 28. Subscribi. Gr. avaypdcpeaOai evepyeTVS, as in Hdt. VIII. 85. ' 
 
 32. Compare Ejnst. II. i. 14; Ov. Am. I. xv. 39. Soph.Aj. 962, — Kel &\tirovTa /x^ 
 W6Q0W QavovT av ol/xdo^eiav. Cp. Plaut. Cai^t. I. II. 33, sqq. ; and SJiakespeare, 
 
 Much Ado Act IV. 86. 1 : * For it so falls out 
 
 ' That, what we have, we prize not to the worth 
 
 ' Whiles we enjoy it ; but being lack'd and lost, 
 
 ' Why then we rack the value ; then we find 
 
 ' The virtue, that possession would not show us, 
 
 ' Whiles it was ours ' l 2 
 
&4 NOTES ON THE 0DE8 : BOOK [II. x.yiv, xxr. 
 
 32. Qucerimus. 'Quaerere, ut Cvr^v, dewderio persecpri, Mort. V. x. 5.' [M.] 
 
 ib. Iuvidi. Cp. • Etiam quos invidia erga vivewtt m movcbut/ Tac. Ann. II. 71. So 
 Corn. Nepos, in Dione, X. 
 
 33. Cp. Sojph, Ajax, 582, — ou 7rpbs laTpov ao<bov 
 
 dpvvelv inySas -nphs TO/xarvTt Tr-fjfxaTi. 
 35. Cp. Lucret. v. 959. Cp. Diodotus in Thuc. III. xlv, on the folly of supposing 
 t-?]s avdpunreias (pvceuis dpfxuf/xevns Trpodv/xws ti irpu^ai aTrorpoirqv Ttva *X ilv vofxoev 
 \a%vi. 
 
 37. The zones, torrid and frigid. Carm. I. xxn. 17. For the sentiment, compare 
 (amongst many instances) Epist. I. i. 45. 
 
 41. Vincunt. ' Evincitque fretum/ Ov. Met. XT. 706. 
 
 42. Opprobrium. So Sallust, Bell. Catil. 12, — ' Hebescere virtus, paupertas probro 
 
 haberi ccepit.' 
 
 43. Cp, 'Et facere et pati fortia Komanum est/ Liv. II. 12. Comp. Liv. xxm. 9. 
 
 46. Ex. gr, compare Liv. iv. 59 (adfin.J 60. 
 
 47. Imitated by Lucian, Timon, lv ; and partly in Vitwrum Auct. IX. 
 
 49. S.S. 1 Tim. Yl. 10. 
 
 54. Equo . . .hcerere. This construction may be varied. Comp. ' haerere in eo,' Cic. 
 pro Deiot. 10. With the reproach expressed, compare C. I. Vin. 5-8. Among 
 Augustus' attempts to revive manly sports (Romana militia, S. II. II. 10) was 
 the institution of a sort of tournament, ' ludus Trojae.' See Virgil, 2£a, v. 
 550—602. 
 
 59. Qimm. . .properet, " while he will cheat even partner and friend, to amass money 
 for his gambling heir." 
 
 62 Properet, " make gain rapidly" i.e. dishonestly. 
 
 63. GoldsmitVs Traveller, — * Hoards after hoards his rising raptures fill ; 
 
 ' Yet still he sighs, for hoards are wanting still.' 
 
 CAEM. XXV.— AD BACCHUM. 
 
 For true lyrical spirit, this Ode is unrivalled. We may, perhaps, except the 
 third of Book IV ; but this is bolder and more passionate in character. Its 
 structure is abrupt, consisting of short, rapid, nervous sentences ; a thing to 
 be considered, in determining the question disputed at v. 12. I have decided 
 on retaining the punctuation of Gesner and the older editors, on poetic as 
 well as grammatical grounds. 
 
 2. Quce nemora. On the ellipse of ' in, 1 in the first member of the sentence, see 
 Blomf. Call. H. in Ap. 8. Bentley quotes Virg. Mn. vi. 692. 
 
 3. Velox answers to rapis, v. 1 : so again devio in v. 12. 
 
 6. Stellis inserere. " To insert Caesar among the stars," is " to celebrate his reception 
 
 among " The poet represents himself as doing that, the doing of which he 
 
 celebrates. Cp. Virg. Ecl. VI. 62, — ' Circumdat — erigit ;' and v. 46, — ' solatur.' 
 Also Ecl. ix. 20. 
 
 ib. Consilio, " the court, or chosen counsellors " of Jove. Ccmcilio would have a 
 wider sense. See Heyne on Virg. Geor. i. 25. 
 8. Non secus, etc. The sense is, — " I am entranced as the Evias is entranced, 
 " gazing over the wild waters and heights of Hebrus and Khodope." But it 
 may be doubted whether in jugis expresses place (i.e. of the Bacchanal stand- 
 ing " on the heights ") or object, so as to depend on stupet (as in Sat. I. vl. 
 17.) The former construction seems preferable, as the objects are mentioned 
 in v. 10 ; and it seems confirmed by Ovid's imitation, Trist. IV. 1. 41, — 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xxv- xxvn. 85 
 
 1 Utque suum Bacchis non sentit saucia vulnus, 
 
 ' Dum stupet Edonis exululata jugis 5 
 c Sic ubi mota calent viridi mea pectora thyrso, 
 
 ' Altior humano spiritus ille malo est.' 
 
 12. Ut mihi, i.e. " how enrapturing is the scene !" Orelli has taken away the stop 
 after Rhodx>pen, and makes ut dependent upon non secus. Tet the construc- 
 tion, if ajlowed, is absolutely o7ra| \ey6/j.evov ; no authority whatever has been 
 adduced for it, and the analogies supposed to authorize it are defective. For 
 instance, the fact that ut as well as ac is found after perinde and pariter is not 
 sufficient : these words coincide nearly in meaniug with non secus ; but they 
 do not coincide in construction, for they cannot take quam after them ; nor 
 could non secus be substituted for pariter in such passages as Virg. 2En. I. 714 ; 
 II. 729. The proper word to compare with secus is aliter. Again, Hor. Carm. 
 I. XVI. 7-9 is quoted as ceque ut, but the quotation is inexact, for ut follows 
 sic in v. 8. On the other hand, non secus may stand by itself, with the 
 answering clause or participle suppressed; for it does so C. II. m. 2. 
 
 13. Ripas. Bentley rivos. Gesner quotes Carm. IV. II. 31, as showing that the 
 authentic reading is equivalent to it in meaning. Others have read rupes. 
 Ripas is more expressive of the poefs wanderings. 
 
 CARM. XXVI.— AD VENEREM. 
 
 2. Mi~itavi...bello, as in Ov. Am. I. ix. 1 ; and Ars Am. 11. 233, — ' militiaa species 
 
 amor est.' 
 
 3. Nunc arma. According to the practice of a soldier (emeritus, i.e.J who had 
 
 served his time. See Ov. Trist. IV. Vin. 22. Cp. the gladiator in E. I. 1. 4. 
 
 5. Marince. ' Venus orta mari,' Ov. Ep. xv. 203. Cp. Ov. Fast. IV. 62. Walckenaer 
 (lib. XII. § 17) affirms that, among all the appellations of Venus, — ' Celui de 
 ' Marine servait surtout a la caracteriser comme deesse de la volupte.' 
 
 8. Foribus minaces. This epithet seems to suit vectes only : the introduction 
 
 therefore of the word arcus is an instance of zeugma. Or, the mention of 
 " doors " may imply that of door-keepers. Again, the boiv is a weapon suited 
 to Cupid's warriors. For the general idea, cp. Theocr. Id. 11. 128. 
 
 9. quce. This Ode contains a sort of satire (as does the llth Epode) on lovers' 
 inconsistencies. He exemplifies his own description in Sat. II. 111. 261, — 
 ' Hseret invisis foribus,' and Sat. 11. vn. 91, — ' Eripe turpi colla jugo ; Liber, 
 Hber sum dic age ; Non quis ; urget enim,' etc. 
 
 10. Memphin carentem nive, i. e. "theglowing Memphis." The goddess is 
 
 perhaps appealed to under these titles, as able to persuade by wealth, or to 
 kindle by warmth. 
 
 CAEM. XXVII.— AD GALATEAM. 
 
 1. Parrce. This name has been variously interpreted as " the jay," " the lapiving," 
 " the ivoodpecker ;" I believe it is " the owl." 
 
 ' Parra est rendu en italien par parruzza, qui en Lombard-Venetien est 
 1'effraie. Voyez le Opere di Orazio de Fabrini, Venet. 1669, p. 226.' This is 
 Walckenaer's note, vol. 11. p. 67.* Vanderburg was the first to maintain this 
 interpretation. His arguments are clear and probable, (they may be seen at 
 
 * I bave omitted two words in it, which seem to involve a mislake. The uote runs thus,— ' t.st 
 Vorfiaie ouVeffraie ;' but the two birds ought not to be 'as, I unuerstaml, they often are) con- 
 foundcd. Tiie rirst is " the osprey," the latter " the owl." 
 
86 NOTEB ON THE ODES : BOOK HI. xxvn. 
 
 length in Bot]io's edition.) He BhowB bhat not only in the Vrnotian dialect, 
 liut in bhe oountry Language of tli«' Oampagna, pa/rra Lias passed Lnto the form 
 and Bignifi mi/mon >n- ba/rn owl." PHny mentions the pa/rra 
 
 (N. II. xvin. (>!>) without describing it; and appears to ase ama/rvthe (x. 45) 
 as anothcr namo for it, which would probably indioate (sco Lidd. ">"' Scott m 
 v. olvdvQn) its downy feathering. I find it asserted thal /"'<v<, in tli<' Linna an 
 olassification, stands for " lapwmg ;" this Ls erroneous : bringo Ls " the la/pwmg" 
 parra the "jacana " (a tropical and non-European bird) Ln many poinl s of habit 
 and description corresponding to the other, and belonging to the same ordcr, 
 viz. the Grallce, or Stilt-birds, but of a distinct family. 
 
 1. Recinentis. Re may have here the sense of repetition. As an epithet, it makea 
 
 against the identification of parra with picus, which some incline to. 
 
 2. Ducat, " accompany." 3. Rava, " gray." 
 
 6. Similis sagittx, " shooting across like an arrow." JEschylus, Etim. 181, goes 
 
 so far conversely as to use irrnvbu o<piv for " an arrow\" (In S.S. Genes. xlix. 
 17, we read, — ' An adder in the path, that biteth the horse heels.' And tho 
 Hebr. in the margin is " arrow-snake.") 
 
 7. Cui. Some take this interrogatively ; some read cur, with tlie stop after 
 auspex. Ego cui timebo . . .suscitabo, " I will for my friend invoke good omens 
 from the east." ' And bid the chanting raven rise 
 
 ' When Phcebus gilds his orient skies, 
 ' Ere speeds the shower-boding crow 
 c To lakes Francis' Transl. 
 
 11. Oscinem, " giving augury by note," as the pr&petes aves by flight : Ov. Fast. I. 
 448. In the battle of Valerius and the Gaul (Liv. Vii. 26,) the raven is praepes. 
 
 12. Solis ab ortxb. This is used not of the time of prayer, but of the position of the 
 
 devotee, who would look to the East for a -favourable omen. That was the 
 propitious quarter, observed alike in offering prayer or in expecting auguries. 
 See Virg. Mn. xn. 172, — ' Ad surgentem conversi lumina solem.' Hence with 
 Eoman augurs, (who, in consulting the aspect of the heavens, turned their 
 faces southward, and consequently had the East on their left) the signs on 
 the left hand were lucky. So in Virg. JEn. II. 693, — ' intonuit larvum.' < Ovid, 
 Trist. I. IX. 49, — ' tonitrusve sinistri.' See Cicero upon this subject, cle Div. 
 II. 39. But this technicality became the cause of much confusion in Latin 
 usage ; since, owing perhaps to natural associations of ideas, but mainly, it is 
 said, to imitation of the Greeks (who in taking omens looked northward, and 
 so had the East to their right,) clexter came to be used in a good sense, (Virg. 
 JEn. ii. 388 ; viii. 302) sinister in a bad one ( V. Ecl. IX. 15 ;) so lcevus here, 
 in v. 15. See note in [D.] ancl Plaut. Aulul. IV. iii. 1, coll. vi. 3, and Asin. 
 II. I. 12. 
 
 13. Sis licet, i. e, licet per me, " I pray you may be." 
 
 15. Picus, " the green woodpecker." ' Pici (Fr. pivert) Martis cognomine (Comp. 
 Ov. F. III. 37) insignes, et magni in auspiciis,' Plin. XVIII. 20. 
 
 17. Secl vicles, " but see, a more real danger than omens." 
 
 18. Ego novi. This emphatic expression seems to convey the idea of " I know 
 
 by experience." Cp. the probable allusions to a shipwreck in 0. II. xvii. 20 ; 
 and G. III. iv. 28. 
 
 21. Cp. Virg. Georg. m. 513. 
 
 22. Austri. The distinctive epithet of Auster is fxdmine pollens } in Lucr. V. 744 j 
 
 and so nigerrimus, in Virg. Georg. III. 278. 
 
 23. JEquoris nigri. iropcpvpns k\6s, Simonicl. Am. Fr. I. 16. 
 
 25. Sic et Exwope, i. e. " let Europa's rashness be a warning to you." Europe. Cp. 
 Ov. Am. I. iii. 23. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xxvn.. 87 
 
 31. Sublustri, " with faint light ;" a compound of the same root as illustris, 
 prcelustris. 
 
 33. Centum. . .potentem oppidis. Gr. eKaT^fxiroAis, Horn. II. B. 649 ; evvfjKovTa tt6Atj6s, 
 
 Odyss. t. 174. 
 
 34. Creten. ' Est Gortynae in insnla Creta juxta fontem platanus, insignis ntrius- 
 * qne linguae monumentis, et numquam folia dimittens : statimque ei Grsecise 
 ' fabulositas adfuit, Jovem sub.ea cum Europa consedisse.' Plin. xn. 1. 
 
 Compare Mosch. Idyll. u. 144, — 
 
 oftfxoi eycb fxeya fi'f) ti Svcrdfxfxopos ?) pd tg 8c7>fxa 
 TraTpbs diroirpoAiirovcra Ka\ ecrirofxevr) Bot T<£8e 
 £eivr)v vavTiAinv ecpeirco. 
 
 35. Filice. Qucere — Dative or genitive ? It vnay be taken as the latter, — " the name 
 of daughter which I have forfeited ;" but it is better to construe it as a dative, 
 and take nomen in apposition with Pater, — ■" a name abandoned by your 
 daughter," i. e. " which I have lost the right to use.'' So Ov. Epist. x. 69 
 (quoted among other instances by Bentley,) — 
 
 'Nam pater, et tellus justo regnata parenti, 
 
 * Prodita sunt facto nomina cara meo.' 
 37. Levis una mors. Compare Eur. Heracl. 959, — xP r ) v 7^P 0V X «""«I QvfjaKeiv. 
 41. Porta...eou/ma. See Hom. Odyss. r. 562, — 
 
 8oia\ ydp Te irvAai hfxevqvccv ela\v oveipcav' 
 
 at fxev yap Kepdeacrt TeTevxaTai o»8' eAecpavri' 
 
 tu>v o A i fxev k' eAQcocri 8id irpiarov eAecj:avTOS, 
 
 '6i p' eAecpaipovTai e-rre' aKpdxvTa cpepovTes' 
 
 o? 8e 8id £eo~TU>v Kepdwv eAduai dvpa£e, 
 
 o'i p' eTv/xa Kpaivovat BpoTtvv ore Kev tis ?8r)Tai. 
 And compare Virg. JEn. VI. 894, — ' Sunt geminae somni portse,' etc. 
 
 46. Dedat enitar. See on Carm. III. iii. 8. 
 
 50. Orcum moror. Cp. the opposite phrase, vitam moror, Virg. JEn. xi. 177. 
 54. Sucus, *' sap," i. e. freshness of beauty. 55. Speciosa, " in my bloom." 
 
 59. Bene...secuta, i. e. when it might have been left behind. The zone was given 
 
 np by maidens upon their marriage. TTith this mention of the zone, Comp. 
 JEsch. Suppl. 457-465,— exw arpoBovs £wvas Te crv\Aa$ds ireirAoov 
 ###### 
 
 eK Tcovd' ottus Tax>-o~T' dirdy^aaQai decvv. 
 
 60. Lcedere. Lce.do is properly " to dash, or break," a sense seen in the compounds 
 
 allido, illido, &c, 
 
 For the methods of snicide proposed, Cp. Ov. Ep. II. 133 — 142. 
 62. ProceUce, i. e. " the air." So, ' tenues ventos,' Ov. Ar. Am. II. 86. 
 69. Abstineto irarum. '.Hornericum est Ariye x^Aoio.' [G.] 
 
 73. Uxor... esse nescis, " you know not how to be (i. e. how to behave as) the wife 
 of Jove." But it as well (especially in Horace. as an imitator of the Greek) 
 
 to take it for te esse uxorem, " you know not that you are" which is the 
 
 construction in Epist. I. VII. 22; and Virgifs sensit delapsus, JEn. II. 377. 
 The two constructions answer nearly to the Gr. ovk eirtaTaaai elvai, and ovk 
 eiricTTaaai. oicra. 
 
 74. Compare Eurip. Ion, 650, — iravaai A6ya>v tc2v8', evrvyjetv V eiriaTaao. ' (The 
 meaning may be disputed. Some refer evrvx^v to Creusa ; in which case the 
 likeness of the passages is merely verbal. I understand it, " Learn to acquiesce 
 in your good fortune.") 
 
 75. Tua...nomina. See Herod. iv. 45. Sectus orbis, "the divided world," i. e. half 
 the world. Sallust, Jug. xvn, speaks of the globe as divided into Europe and 
 Asia. Orelli comp, Soph. Trach. 101, — Sicrcralcriv aireipots KAtdeis. 
 
 76. Compare the consolation of Palinurus, Virg. 2En. vi. 383, — c Gaudet cognomine 
 
 teiTa.' 
 
88 NOTKS 0.\ 77//; ODES: BOOK III. xxyiit, xxix. 
 
 CARM. XXVIII.— AD LYDEN. 
 
 1. Die Neptuni, i. e. decimo Calendas Sextiles, July 23. 
 
 3. Lyde. The name occurs before, Carm. xi. 7. Strenua, i. e. " quickly, without 
 
 delay." oTpvpv Ta/xiri. Hom. II. vj. 381. 
 
 4. Adhibe vim, i. e. " lay siege to." 
 
 5. Inclinare. ' In prosa orat. se inclinare, ut Liv. IX. 32, — ' sol meridie se incli- 
 
 navit.' ' [O.] Cp. Virg. Mn. viii. 280, — ' devexo...01ympo.' 
 
 6. Stet. Cp. Tibull. I. iv. 27, (Lachmann's reading, see his note, Lucr. III. 1012), — 
 
 ' At si tardueris errabis : transiet aetas 
 
 ' Quam cito ! non segnis stat remeatque dies.' 
 Cp. Claudian, Epith. Hon. xiv, — ' Longique videntur 
 ' Stare dies.' 
 
 8. Bibuli Consulis. Bibulus was Consul b.c. 59, with Julius Ca^sar, a consulate 
 characterized by the epigram (Suet. J. C. 20), — 
 
 ' Non Bibulo quicquam nuper sed Caesare factum est ; 
 * Nam Bibulo fieri consule nil memini.' 
 (A jest of the same kind was passed on his aedileship six years before, Ib. 10.) 
 
 16. Nox. Orelli refers to Pausan. I. xl. 6, for mention of a Ny/tTbs /xavTelov at 
 Megara ; also to Carm. III. xix. 10. ' Nox et Venus ' are joined together in 
 Carm. III. XI. 50. Cp, Carm. I. IV. 5 ; and Eur. Hijpjpol. 106, — vvkt\ davfiao-T^s. 
 (Class. Journ. xxi. p. 252.) 
 
 ib. Nenia. This word is said by Cicero to be of Greek origin, — ' Honoratorum 
 ' virorum laudes in contione memorent, easque etiam cantu, ad tibicinem pro- 
 ' sequatur, cui nomen nenios, quo vocabulo etiam Greecis cantus lugubres 
 * nominantur.' De Legg. II. 24. It is conjectured by Pott to be akin to vr\vi(a ; 
 if correctly, we may infer that the proper radical notion of it was not 
 " mourning," as is commonly represented, but " accumulation, or repetition." 
 And this notion is common to all its meanings, however varied or disconnected 
 they seem. For "repetition" forms the character and essence, whether of a 
 eulogy (as in Cicero, l. c ) or of a lament or dirge (as in Carm. II. xx. 21,) or 
 of pathos in poetry (as in Carm. II. i. 38,) or of a soothing evening lullaby (as 
 here, according to Orelli's explanation, [* cantilena...ad somnum invitante,') or 
 of a proverbial saying or ' old song/ (as in E. I. i. 63.) 
 
 CAEM. XXIX.— AD M^CENATEM. 
 
 4. Balanus, the myrobalanus, an Arabian nut, yielding an ointment. ' Glans 
 Latinis, fidkavos Graecis.' [D.] Persius has an adj. formed fromit, ' balanatum 
 gausape,' (" a well-oiled beard ") S. IV. 37. 
 
 6. JEsula, between Prseneste and Tibur. 
 
 8. Telegoni juga, Tusculum, built by Telegonus, son of Ulysses and Circe. Cp. Ov. 
 Fast. iii. 92, — ' Factaque Telegoni mcenia celsa manu.' 
 
 ib. Parricidaz. The cyclic legend related, that Telegonus, having set out in search 
 of his father, was thrown upon the coast of Ithaca by storms, and, upon being 
 attacked by Ulysses, slew him without knowing who he was. His spear is 
 said to have been pointed with a fish-spine or prickle (a kind of weapon com- 
 mon at this day in the South Seas.) 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xxix. 89 
 
 10. Molem, Maeeenas' house, which was on the Esquiline : it was remarkable for a 
 tower of mmsual height ; its commanding view is implied v. 7. Nero is said 
 by Suetonius (c. 38) to have looked on the burning Kome ' e turri McecenatianaS 
 
 15. Aulceis. Virg. JEn. I. 697. Ostro. Ib. 700,— 
 
 ' Cum venit aulseis jam se regina superbis 
 
 ' Aurea composuit sponda 
 
 c stratoque super discumbitur ostro.' 
 
 16. Explicuere, "can smooth." Gr. iKTavvcrai, — obre irapeidcov eKTavicreis pvrlDas' 
 Lucil. Epigr. in Anth. Cp. ' Exporge frontem, Ter. Ad. V. III, 53. 
 
 17. This argument for summer recreation is in Alcceus, Fr. 39. Cp. Theogn. 1039. 
 
 ib. Andromedce. ' Nec stellatus Cepheus cum uxore, genero, filio traderetur, nisi 
 caelestium divina cognitio nomen eorum ad errorem fabulae traduxisset.' Cic. 
 Tusc. Q. V. 8. The rising of these stars is in July. 
 
 18. Ostendit. Virg. Geor. iv. 232. 
 
 ib. Procyon. ' Ante Canem Graio Procyon qui nomine fertur.' Cic. Nat. D. II, 87. 
 
 21. Cp. Virg, Ecl. n. 8-10 ; Pers. S. iii. 6 ; and Georg. IV. 402, — ' Cum sitiunt herbse 
 et pecori jam gratior umbra est.' 
 
 26. Compare GCdipus, saying 
 
 7) 8' eu^ 
 tyvxb ttSXiv t€ Kaixe Kal cr' ouov aTevei. Soph. (Ed. T. 62. 
 
 27. The sense of the stanza is — " You, at this period of relaxation, are unceasingin 
 
 " your care for the public peace, and the foreign relations of the state. But 
 " look not too forward ; make sure of (quod adest) the present." 
 
 32. Quod adest...componere. Cratinus, Fr. ap. Suidam, — avdpas aocpovs txPV" T ^ 
 iraphv irpayjx els dvva/niv Qicrdai KaXus. 
 
 33. Fluminis ritu, 8fc. See Gray, Progress of Poesy, st. 1, an imitation of this 
 
 passage, applied to Music. 
 
 34. Medio alveo...delabentis. For alveo Orelli reads aiquore. It is very difficult to 
 
 decide which word has the best claim to be admitted into the text. The best 
 MSS. are quoted for alveo ; several have cequore, with olveo written over as a 
 V. L. ; others, alveo with cequore as a V. L, Orelli prefers cequore as the more 
 difficult reading, involving a rarer usage, and therefore the less likely to 
 have been accidentally introduced, and the more likely to have been explained ; 
 and he conceives alveo to be a gloss. To this it may be objected, that alveo ia 
 not a natural gloss for cequore ; it is not synonymous with it. ' Alveus ' is " the 
 channel or bed of the river," not the river itself. I can find but one passage 
 where alveus exchanges its proper sense of channel for that of stream, viz. in 
 Q. Curt. V. III. 2, — clementiore alveo : though I allow that, in the one other 
 passage where the word occurs in Horace, ' Tusco denatat alveo,' C. III. VII. 
 28, the two meanings are combined, and alveo becomes poetically a substitute 
 fovfiumine or wquore. (We may even add Virg. G. I. 203.) But, considering 
 the extreme rarity of this usage, it is as likely that oequore might be added as 
 a gloss to alveo (however incorrectly) as the contrary. I say incorrectly, for 
 I conclude that medio alveo here means simply " down the mid channel," and 
 admits of no such poetic enallage as ' Tusco alveo ' does. Another supposition 
 is perhaps admissible, viz. that the poet himself hesitated between the two 
 words (there are two instances of such curcs secundcB in Eurip. Medea, 300 and 
 1314), between cequore as the more poetical, and alveo as the more correct 
 phrase. In Virg. JEn. VIII. 86 and 96, which Orelli quotes in support of his 
 reading, the context supplies a special ground for the adoption of cequor, which 
 would not apply here. Tiber is there represented as calming his swelling tide, 
 for ^neas' sake, to the stillness of a lake, — ' In morem stagni placidagque 
 paludis Sterneret sequor aquis,' and the boat glides on ' plaeido gequore.' No 
 other substantive would so fitly express the waveless level of the stream. 
 
90 NOTES 0N THE ODES t liOOK III. xxix. 
 
 /Equor is doubtless a " surface or lcvel," wliother of laud or water. So CBquora 
 •ponti and campi. So cequore wperto (without the addition of cavmpi), Vvrg. 
 xii. 333; xi. 599; and wperta Oeor. m. 195; 2En. VH. 738. So 
 
 scindimus cequor, the " surfaco ofarable land," Qeor. i. 50. Bocequoraa i i, bucr. 
 
 m. 905 ; speculorwn cequor (" a mirror,") Lucr. iv. 107. But neither by thc pre- 
 decessors nor by the imitators of Horace is the word used of a river. (I infer 
 that it seemed to them to express properly breadth and expanse.) Bentley 
 reads alveo, and quotes in support of it Q. Curt. V. iv. 8, — ' Amnis presso in 
 eolum delabitur alveo,' (i.e. " glides down a deep indented channel") ; and Ov. 
 Am. II. xiii. 9, — ' Nilus lato delapsus in alveo.' Medio alveo occurs in Ov. F. 
 V. 637. Alveus is a word in constant use with Virgil, as 2En. vn. 33, 436 ; and 
 Ovid, as Met. i. 343, — ' Plenos capit alveus amnes.' Cp. Ib. viii. 558 ; Am. 
 III. vi. 86. Among later editors, Dillenburger adheres to the old reading j 
 also Keller. 
 36. For descriptions of inundations, see Lucr. I. 283, sqq. ; and Virg. 2En. II. 305- 
 For more references, see Heyne's note there. 
 
 41. Cp. Cowley, in his Essay ' Of Myself,' — ' Boldly say each night — 
 
 ' To-morrow let my sun his beams display, 
 ' Or in clouds hide them ; I have lived to-day.' 
 
 42. So Eur. Bacch. 910, — rb 8e /ccct' ^/xap orcp fitoTos cv8a.ifj.wv ixaKapifa. 
 ib. In diem, " at the close of every day ;" not vixi in diem. 
 
 43. Vixi. Cp. Martial, Ep. V. lviii, — 
 
 ' Cras te victurum, cras dicis, Postume, semper : 
 ' Dic mihi cras istud, Postume, quando venit ? 
 # # # # 
 
 1 Cras vives : hodie jam vivere, Postume, serum est ; 
 ' Ille sapit quisquis, Postume, vixit heri.' 
 46, So Homer, H. i. 249, — ovS4 n fxrjx os 
 
 pex^ej/Tos Kaaov io-r' olkos evpe7v. Cp. Pind. Ol. II. 15 ; Theogn. 583. 
 So Cicero, de Orat. III. 4, — ' Hsec jam neque in integro nobis esse possunt.' 
 Cp. Plaut. Aulul. IV. x. 11, — ' Factumst illud : neri infectum nonpotest.' We 
 may observe here the difference of the secondary meaning in retro, and the 
 Gr. 6irio-a). oiriata is used only of future time, not of po.st time. 
 
 48. Vexit. This is usually understood &s=avexit. Mr. Conington compares Virg. 
 
 G. i. 461, and translates thus, — " What once the flying hour has brought." 
 
 49. Fortunoj, etc. " Such a man (potens sui) is superior to and undismayed by 
 
 Fortune." 
 
 50. Ludum. ' Quoties voluit Fortuna jocari,' Juv. iii. 40. 
 
 53. Celeres...pennas, Comp. tov /jl\v (sc. ttXovtov) w/ceTa 7TTe'pi/|, Eurip. Fr. Meleag. 
 12 ; and Eur. Elect. 944, i^irTaT' oXkwv, where the comparison is between 
 6\Bos and <pvcris in the sense of " virtue," or " force of moral character." 
 (pvo-LS B4Baios ov ra xP'hl J -0' Ta } V P* v 7"P « 6 * ■Kapa|x4vova , afyei Kapa. 
 55. Mr. Pitfs quotation of this stanza is well known. See his Life by Lord, Stan- 
 hope, vol. I. p. 101. We may compare too Wolsey's Speech, K. Henr. VIII. Act 
 
 III. Sc.li 'Myrobe, 
 
 ' And my integrity to heaven, is all 
 ' I now dare call my own.' 
 
 58. Ad miseras preces decurrere. Herod. i. 116, — KaTaBaivsiv is \it6.s. Virg. 2En. 
 
 v. 782. So Ov. F. iii. 593. Miseras. So, ' votum miserabile,' Juv. iii 276. 
 
 59. Votis pacisci, " to make a bargain in prayer with the gods." Cp. ' prece poscis 
 emaci,' Pers. Sat. n. 3. 
 
 62. Biremis prcesidAo scaphce. Biremis is here used, not of a bireme (i.e. "aship with 
 two banks of oars "), but of a two-oared boat, in which, if the ship is wrecked, 
 the passenger may escape. The sense is — " Even inthe wreck of my fortunes 
 I shall be unhurt." 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK III. xxx. 91 
 
 CAEM. XXX. 
 
 1. Exegi. Cp. the finish of Ovid's Metam, XV. 871, — 
 
 ' Jamque opus exegi, quod nec Jovis ira, necignes, 
 
 * Nec poterit ferrum, nec edax abolere vetustas. 
 ' Cum volet illa dies, quae nil nisi corporis hujus 
 
 * Jus. habet, incerti spatium mihi finiat aevi ; 
 
 ' Parte tamen meliore mei super alta perennis 
 ' Astra ferar, nomenque erit indelebile nostrum.' 
 
 Other passages of general resemblance may be seen in Prop. III. 1 ; Martial, 
 
 VIII. iii ; X. n ; and Ov. Am. I. xv, adfin. 
 
 ib. Monumentum. Pindar has the same metaphor for poetry, Nem. IV. 81, — 
 (TTakav 04/u.ev Uapiov XiQov KzvKOTtpav. Compare inf. C. IV. U. 19. 
 
 ib. JZre=(Breis statuis. 
 
 3. Cp. Pind. Pyth. VI. 10. Impotens, as Gh\ aKpaT-fjs, " ungovernable." So the 
 subst. impotentia, Epool. xvi. 62. 
 
 *7. Libitina, the goddess of funerals ; here, " death." 
 
 8. Recens, " freshly remembered." 
 
 ib, Dum...scandet, i.e. as long as the Capitol, and the solemn rites offered init, con- 
 tinue. Cp. Virg. JEn. ix. 448, — 
 
 1 Dum domus iEneae Capitoli immobile saxum 
 ' Accolet.' 
 
 9. Tacita Virgine, the Vestal virgins. 
 
 10. Bicar, quaviolens...deduxisse, i.e. it will be the boast of my countrymen (the 
 
 Apulians), that I first adapted the poetry of ^olia (see Carm. I. I. 34) to 
 Italian measures. Not that Apulia would be the chief scene of Horace's 
 glory, but that he would be the first of that race or country so distingnished. 
 ' Ibi natus qua Aufidus obstrepit' [O.] ; or the clause(v. 10„)might even depend 
 
 on ex humili potens, " raised to eminence from that rude or narrow vale ?" 
 
 Bentley would understand potens of Daunus, who obtained the kingdom 
 ' ex homine privato princeps, ex exule tyrannus.' But a description of Daunus 
 is inappropriate in a mere reference to the country ; nor, in such Odes as this, 
 should the separate clauses be allowed to diverge needlessly from the main 
 subject. Potens is an epithet of poets, in C. IV. vm. 26. 
 
 11. Daunus, the ancient legendary king of Apulia. 
 
 16. Volens. ' Ex formula publica volens propitius,' Gesn. (as in Liv. VII. 26.) 
 
Q. HOEATI FLACCI CAIOIINA. 
 LIBEB QUAETUS. 
 
 CARM. I.— AD VENEEEM. 
 
 Suetonius (in Vita Horatii) asserts that the composition of this Fourth Book 
 of Odes was due to the request of Augustus, who desired a poetic celebration 
 of the triumphant career of the young Neros. Odes iv. and xiv. (each, it may 
 be observed, followed by one in praise of Augustus himself^) form the answer 
 to the request, and the nucleus of the whole boolc % 
 
 3 Bonce. Explained by Orelli from Tibull. II. iv. 45, — ' Bona quae nec avara '... 
 
 4. Cinarce, a real person apparently, mentioned again Carm. IV. XIII, 21. 
 
 6. Circa lustra decem, " at 50 years old." Carm* II. iv. 24. 
 
 8. Revocant=alio vocant. 
 
 9. Tempestivius. Cp. ' rectius^ Carm. III. xv. 8. 
 
 10. Paulli. . .Maximi. Paul. Fabius Max. was consul b. c. 11. It is conjectured that 
 
 this was his son, and the same to whom many of Ovid's Epistles ex Ponto are 
 
 addressed. 
 ib. Purpureis ales oloribus, "borne on your swan-drawn car." Cp. Carm. III. 
 
 xxviii. 15. Por the meaning of purpureus, see Conington's note on 2En. VI. 
 
 641, where lumine pnrpureo appears to express AeuK^ aXyX-q. 
 
 12. Jecur. Gr. rjirap, used synonymously for tJie heart, but especially when 
 violences of passion, jealousies, and the like are intended. So in'C 1. xm. 4 ; 
 I. XXV. 15 ; Sat. I. ix. 56. So in Juv. i. 45. On the other hand, it may be 
 conjectured that the description of "Epccs dpairervs in Moschus, inl <rir\a-}x voia ' 1 - 
 Kadvr ai, refers to his power over the softer feelings, according to our saying, 
 that ' Pity is akin to love.' In Msch. Eum. 859, (nrXayx^cou vioov means 
 " young hearts ;" and so, " tender, untouched as yet by fierce and evil passions." 
 
 15. Centum puer artium, i.e. most accomplished. Orelli cp. Cic. pro Bosc. Am. 41, — 
 ' omuium artium puerulos ;' and Catul. xn. 9. 
 
 17. Quandoque, for quandocumque ; as below, Carm. II. 34. The sense is, — " When 
 " you have gained him success against his wealthy rival, he will raise you a 
 " statue and shrine." 
 
 20. Ponet marmoream. Cp. ' marmoreum fecimus,' Yirg. Ecl. VII. 35. 
 
 ib. Citrea, " of citrus wood." The citrus was a scented wood, highly valued at 
 Eome, used for costly furniture, tables, etc. Gr. 'dvia, or 6vov (Odyss. e. 60, 
 where it is one of the odorous woods burnt in Calypso's grotto). (" Thyine 
 wood " is mentioned in the 3V. T., Revelation, xvni. 12.) It is sometimes con- 
 foundcd with the citron (malus medica), and with the cedar. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. i, n. 93 
 
 30. Credula. So Milton, P. Reg. n. 166, — ' Draw out with credulous desire.' 
 
 35. Decoro. The last syllable is elided, as in C. III. xxix. 35. It has been noticed 
 that in this and the 3rd Ode of this book there is a awdcpeta, not observed in, 
 the earlier books ; and that the last syllable of the short lines is not common 
 bnt long. This theory makes the elision more natural. Lachrao.nn (on Lucr. 
 IV. 98) lays it down as a rule, ' in quarto Carminum libro vocales longas non 
 elidi.' 
 
 36. Inter verbo^ cad.it. Virg. 2En. IV. 76. Sapjpho, Hymn li. ver. 9, — Ka/j/jev yXuacra 
 
 eaye. 
 
 CAEM. II.— AD IULUM ANTONIUM. 
 
 Iulus Antonius, son of the Triumvir and Fulvia, favoured and distinguished 
 by Augustus ; but put to death by him, b. c. 3. See Merivole, Rom. Hist. vol. 
 IV. ch. xxxvii. 
 
 Iulus, himself an author, is supposed to have called on Horace for a Pindaric 
 Ode in praise of Augustus. The poet excuses himself (as in C. I. Yi#) ; but 
 after characterising the poetiy of Pindar, covertly passes on to sketch the 
 eulogy desired. 
 1. Pindarum quisquis, " to emulate Pindar is to attempt to fly like Icarus, a 
 " difficult and dangerous flight." 
 
 3. Nititur. Ov. Pont. II. vn. 27, — ' Aves motis nitantur in aera pennis.' 
 
 5. Velut amnis. This metaphor is in Pindar himself, 01. XI. 9 ; and is fully drawn 
 out by Gray, as referred to on C. III. xxix. 33. 
 
 ib. Imbres, etc. Hom. H. X. 492, — 
 
 ttX^Qoov irSTafios treSiovSe KaTeiai 
 Xetpdppovs KaT J opecrQtv, b-Ka^6fxevos Aibs o/xfSpcp. 
 7. Quintil. X. I. 61, — 'Novem Lyricorum longe Pindarns princeps, spiritus 
 1 magnificentia, sententiis, figuris, beatissima rernm verborumque copia, et 
 ' velut quodam Eloquentiae flumine ; propter quae Horatius eum merito credidit 
 • nemini imitabilem.' 
 ib. Profundo...ore. A phrase used with propriety both of a river (as in the meta- 
 phor) and of poets, as in Ars Poet. 323 ; Ov. A. Am. i. 206. 
 
 10. Dithyramoos. The dithyramb was properly the old Bacchic song. 
 Aiuvvaov &vaKT0s KaXbv i^dp^at fj.4\os 
 olSa 8i8vpafu.fiov. Archil. Frag. 72. 
 Pind. 6l. xin. 18, — jSoTjAoTa Sievpd/jL&q). 
 
 12. Lege solutis, " irregular, rhythmical rather than metrical." In Ov. Trist. IV. 
 X. 24, — ' verba soluta modis' means " prose-icriting." Cicero describes the 
 'oratio philosophorum ' as ' nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius.' Oro.t. 60. 
 
 13. Seu deos, etc. Allusion is here made to the different classes of Pindar's poems. 
 
 The 8idvpa/xf3ot are mentioned v. 10. 
 
 ib. Deos...canit refers to the vllvoi and irataves ; reges to the 4yKcifj.ia ; vv. 17-20, to 
 the iirivtKta — the only works of his of which we have more than fragments ; 
 v. 21, to the Oprjvot. 
 19. Centum jootiore signis. Cp. the opening of the fifth Nemean Ode, — 
 ovk avdptavT0iroi6s ei|J. , 
 &o-t eXtvvaovTa fi epyd^eaOai ayaX/xaT > 
 eV avTas f3adfJ.idos etrTaora. 
 Probably Horace means by potiore, that which will outlast statues. Pindar's 
 contrast (l. c.) is between poetry, actively spreading fame by recitals and 
 publication, and statues which cannot leave (avras fiaO/jidos, " their actual 
 base") the place where they are set up. 
 
94 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. II, nr. 
 
 23. Aureos, i. e. his noble character j like Shakespeare's ' golden opinions,' Macbeth, 
 Act I. Sc. vil. 
 
 25. Multa, " full and strong." The stanza is expressed in Gtoa/s Progress o/Poesy, 
 m. 3, — 'O ! Lyre divino, what daring gpirit 
 
 ' Wakes thee now ? Thongh he inherit 
 1 Nor the pride nor ample pinion 
 ' That tho Theban eagle bear, 
 1 Sailing with snpreme dominion 
 ' Through the azure deep of air.' 
 
 ib. Cycnum. Cp. Pope's Temple of Fame, — 
 
 ' Four swans sustain a car of silver bright, 
 
 c With heads advanced and pinions stretched for flight ; 
 
 ' Here Pindar rode.' 
 
 27. Ego, apis. Horace compares himself to the swan, in Carm. II. XX. 1-16. This 
 humbler comparison is after Lucret. III. 11. 
 
 35. Sacrum cUvum, a part of the Via Sacra, along which triumphal processiona 
 passed to the Capitol. (See more on Epod. vii. 7.) 
 
 36. Sygambros, on the Lower Rhine, between the Luppia fl. and Segns fl. (just 
 below Bonn.) The Romans had suflered defeats from the tribes in that 
 quarter ; and Augustus spent two years in Gaul to secnre the frontier. See 
 Chronol. Table, b.c. 16-13. 
 
 37. Cp. Ov. ex Ponto, I. n. 100. 
 
 44. Forum litibus orbum=Sb justitium. Cp. Cic. Legg. II. xn. 29. 
 
 49. Teque. Triumphus is here personified and addressed. Dum procedit, " while 
 Caesar moves on in procession." Cp. Ov. Trist. IY. II. 47, sqq. Tuque dum 
 procedis is another reading. It suits the context well ; and a change of per- 
 sons is avoided, Antony, the favourite of Augustus, is supposed to lead, or 
 take a prominent part in the procession ; and he is again addressed (te decem) 
 in the following stanza. On the other hand (in preferrihg the reading of the 
 text, and best MSS.) it appears that the abruptness in changing the address 
 is not too great for lyric poetry ; and though Io Triumphe sounds more 
 naturally as an exclamation (Cp. Ov. Am. I. II. 34), yet Triumphus is similarly 
 personified in Epod. ix. 21, and the stanza may be taken as in parenthesis, 
 the regular structure of the Ode, as addressed to Antony, being returned to 
 in v. 53. 
 
 57. Fronte curvatos, i. e. with its horns (cornibus primis, Carm. III. xill. 4,) 
 sprouting like the partial crescent of the moon when three days old, and with 
 a white star on the forehead. Comp. Moschus, Id. u. 84-88, (m the story of 
 Jupiter and Europa) : — rov 5' ^tol rb fxhu &Wo Sefxas ^avdoxpoov eo-ice, 
 KvkXos 5' apyixpeos fJLeaacp fj.dpfj.aipe fieTca-nui 
 
 w 9p 9F *?P 9F ^P 
 
 TtraS' e7r 5 a\\r)Aoio~i Kepa oz/eTeAAe Kapr\vov, 
 "AvTvyos TffxiTOfxov Keparjs aVe KVK\a o~e\i}V7}s. 
 
 CAKM. III.— AD MELPOMENEN. 
 
 2. Hesiod, Theog. 81, — ovTiva Tifxr]o~ooo~i Aibs Kovpai fxeyd\oio, 
 
 yeivofxevov t' ialhuxri SioTpecpewv f3ao~i\7)uv, 
 t$ fikv eVi yXcvcro-y yAvKeprjv x*' l0V(Tlv ^par/v, 
 tov 5' eVe' e*K GTOfxaTos pel fxeiAixa. 
 With the poets. the look implied the favour of the divinities?. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. m, iv. 95 
 
 3-10. There is a contrast not unlike this in Ov. Fast. n. 11-16. 
 4. Clarabit, an old and rare word. 
 17. Aureoz. Pind. Pyth. I. 1, — xp V(r * a <p6pniyj-. 
 
 19. Mutis. Cp. Ov. Met. rv. 50, — ' Yerterit in tacitos juvenilia corpora pisces.' So 
 
 avavSwv Ixdvav, Soph. Fragm. 700. Lucr, II. 342, — 
 ' Mutseque natantes 
 * Squamigerum pecudes.' 
 
 20. Cycni...sonum. Ov. Ep. vn. 1 ; Virg.Ecl. ix. 29, — 'Cantantes sublime ferent 
 ad sidera cycni.' Ib. 36, — ' Argutos...olores.' 
 
 22. Monstror digito. Cp. Pers. Sat. I. 28, — ' At pulchrum est digito monstrari et 
 dicier Hic est.' Ovid, Am. III. i. 19, — ' Ssepe aliquis digito vatem designat 
 euntem.' 
 
 24. Spiro, " that I have the spirit of poetry." 
 
 CAKM. IY.— DKUSI LAUDES. 
 
 Drusus. Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus (but to be distinguished from 
 the great Germanicus Cassar, his son.) He was son of Livia Hrusilla, step-son 
 of Augustus, brother of the emperor Tiberius, father of the emperor Claudius. 
 Ovid says of him, Fast. i. 597, — ' Et mortem et nomen Druso Germania fecit.' 
 
 2. Regnwm, in aves. Comp. Pind. Pyth. i. 7, — aUrbs apxbs olwvcav; and Olymp. 
 
 xin. 21. 
 
 4. Ganymede. See Virg. Mn. v. 252-7. 
 
 11. Bel. dracones. Compare Msch. Choeph. 247, — aleTov...9av6vTos iv ir\eKTa?(ri Kal 
 o~Treipd/JLao-i Seivrjs ix'^vr]s. 
 
 13. Caprece, " the roe-deer." 
 
 17. Rcetis=Raiticis, Bentley's correction for Rceti. Rcetia, in its widest sense, 
 comprised Vindelicia : Rce. Propria, or Prima, contained the E. of Switzerland 
 and the Tyrol. The war celebrated in this Ode is related in Merivale, Hist. 
 Rome, ch. XXXV. vol. IV. p. 202. He adds, — ' It is impossible not to marvel 
 ' at the extraordinary power of the Eoman arms, which could thus, in a single 
 ' campaign, storm, rine, and dismantle the great central fortress of modern 
 ' freedom.' 
 
 20. Securi. Hence Ovid's epithet of the Amazons, — ' securigeras,' Epist. iv. 117. 
 
 Comp. ex Ponto, III. I. 95, — ' Non tibi Amazonia est pro me sumenda securis.' 
 This weapon is identified with the o-faapis in the Phil. Mus. vol. i.p. 115. 
 
 21. Qucerere distuli, " I will not stop to inquire into the origin of their adoptino* 
 " the battle-axe as their weapon of war," The excuse made for this somewhat 
 awkward parenthesis is, ' ut loco de Vindelicis aliquantum immoraretur ' [0.1 ; 
 or, that it is a sarcastic allusion to soire rival poem. 'Quid si mordet D. 
 ' Marsi poema Amazonida ? in quo nimis operosum fuisse auctorem colli°-as 
 ' ex Mart. IV. 29.' [G.] 
 
 22. Nec scire fas est omnia. ' Scaliger Gomparari jussit Pind. Nem. v. 16.' [O.] 
 
 24. Revictaz, " conquered in their turn." 
 
 29. Comp. Eurip. Alcmce. Frag. 7 ; Pind. Pyth. VIII. 44 ; and Plato, Menex. c. 5 
 
 ayadol iyivovTO b~ia t5 <pvvai e| a^adwv. 
 
 33-36. The sense is — " Virtues, though inherited, must be fostered by moral cul- 
 
 " ture : where that fails, the natural excellence is blemished and lost." 
 33. Eur. Hec. 600 ; and Cic, Tusc. Qu. II. 4. 
 
9G NOTES ON THE ODES i BOOK IV. iv. 
 
 38. Metaurumflumen. Obs. Metanrns declined adjectively ; so ' flumcn Rhenura,' 
 Ars Poet. 18. The battle was fought b. c. 207. (Its importance is not over- 
 rated in this odo. See the striking account of it in ArnobTs Hlst. ch. xlvi.) 
 
 40. Cp. JEsch. Pers. 301, — \evKbv ^/xap vvktos iic /xe\ayxifJ-ov. 
 
 41. Adorea, " glory, victory ;" from ador, " corn," an allowance of it being anciently 
 
 a frequent reward of public merit ; as e. g. in the story of Manlius, Liv. V. 47. 
 
 42. Ut=ex quo. Gr. iirel. 43. Tcedas, ' silvam piniferam,' Orelli. 
 
 43. Flamvia. Cp. Hom. II. o. 605, — Malvero 8' u>s oV 'Aprjs iyx^o-ira\os t) 6\obv icvp 
 
 o&peai /xaivrjTaL fiaOews ev Tapcpeaiv v\vs. 
 And again, v. 490. So ice\aivfj \al\a-m lcros, \. 747. In £. 396, the shout of 
 battle is compared to the roar of a forest conflagration. 
 
 44. Equitavit, (an instance of the figure zeugma ;) Angl. "careered." Comp. Eur. 
 Phozn. 211, — Zecpvpov ttvools 'nnrevaavTos. So Virg. Mn. II. 418. 
 
 45. Secundis...laboribus, i. e. " with constant success." 
 
 47. Tumultu. For the distinction between twmultus and bellum, see Cic. Philipp. 
 viii. 1. 
 
 48. Rectos, " upright ;" literally, of the statues which had been thrown down ; but 
 metaphorically, "restored to their honours :" avccpOccfjievovs. In Soph. (Ed. T. 
 50, ffTavTes is bpQbv Ka\ TreaovTes is the term for " in prosperity and adversity." 
 
 49. Dixitque tandem. Liv. xxvn. 54, — ' Hannibal tanto simul publico familiarique 
 
 ' ictus luctu agnoscere se fortunam Carthaginis fertur dixisse.' 
 
 52. Cp. Vell. Pat. II. 82, — ' Hanc tamen Antonius fugam quia vivus exierat, vic- 
 ' toriam vocabat. 5 
 
 54. Virg. 2En. m. 12, — ' Feror exsul in altum 
 
 ' Cum sociis natoque Penatibus et magnis Dis.' 
 
 57. TJt ilex. Pindar, Pyth. iv. 264, speaks of the nobles of the state, under the 
 metaphor of the branches of the oak. The whole passage was perhaps in 
 Horace's thoughts. Cp. the Boat-song in Scotfs Lady qfthe Lake, II. 19, — 
 
 ' Ours is no sapling 
 
 ' Moored in the rifted rock, 
 ' Proof to the tempesfs shock, 
 c Firmer he roots him the ruder it blow.' 
 Compare Liv. VI. 1, — ' Velut ab stirpibus laetius feraciusque renatae urbis ;' 
 and xxjx. 3, — ' Majorem semper frequentioremque pro tot caesis exercitibus 
 ' subolescentem.' See especially xxvi. 41, adfin. 
 
 61. Hydra, the Lernasan Hydra. Ov. Met. IX. 69. rV c\[X(plKpavov /cat Tra\ifjLP\acTTT) 
 Kvva, Eur. Herc. F. 1274. 
 
 63. Monstrum, the dragon's teeth sown by Jason. Ov.Metam. vn. 122. Submisere. 
 
 Lucret. I. 8. 
 
 64. Echionice. Echion was one of the cnrapTol, or race of dragon's teeth sown by 
 
 Cadmus. Ov. Met. m. 126. 
 
 65. Evenit. The reading in Orelli here is exiet, a conjecture adopted with no MS. 
 authority. And in confirmation of his reading, he quotes exies from Tertullian 
 — a strange author to refer to in such a question. Bentley reads proruit and 
 gerit. But the change of tense is not harsher than in E. I. x. 40, — vehit 
 
 followed by serviet ; or in Juv.~s.TV. 296, — ' cadit premetur;' and it may 
 
 probably be accounted fov by observing that merses expresses a single im- 
 mediate action ; luctere, a progressive continuous conflict : to the former a 
 present answers, as a future to the latter. (Transiet appears to be used by 
 Tibull. I. iv. 27.) To the objection that evenit is rarely used, or less properly 
 than exit, in the sense required, it may be replied, first, that Horace is noted 
 for recurring to the primary radical meaning of words ; secondly, that in one 
 sense at least of exeo, evenio is its exact synonym. Compare ' exit locus ' in 
 Virg. Mn. v. 492. or ' sors exitura' in C. II. m. 37, with the common phrase 
 ' provincia evenit/ Livy, xxvii. 22, 36. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. iv, v. 97 
 
 66. Compare Livy, xxvn. 14, — ' Seu vicit, ferociter instat victis ; seu victus est, 
 ' instaurat cum victoribus certamen.' (Hannibal log>. de Marcello et Romanis.) 
 
 76. Expediunt. Cp. Virg. Mn. n. 632, — 'Ducente Deo flammam inter et hostes 
 
 'Expedior...' 
 
 ib. Acuta belli. 6%vv "Apwa, Hom. Orelli assigns this last stanza to Hannibal, 
 comparing the conclusion of Pind. 01. IV. and Nem. I. Bitter (with Mr. 
 Conington's approval) takes it as arecurrence to the subject, making Hannibal's 
 speech end at interempto. Surely the first and usual interpretation (Orellfs) is 
 more natural and more true. The prophetic compliment sounds better when put 
 thus kistorically, and the structure of Lyric Poetry and Horatian usage argue 
 still more for it. The comparison of such elaborate Odes as the 5th and 27th 
 of the Third Book seem to prove, that Horace would not return to his subject 
 after going off upon an illustrative history or example. 
 
 CAKM. V.— AD AUGUSTUM. 
 
 1. Divis...bonis, i. e. Diis propitiis nate. 
 
 ib. Romulce, as again in Carm. Scec. 47, and Virg. JEn. vi. 877, for Romulece. Cp. 
 the double forms cceridus and cceruleus, punicus (as Epod. IX. 27,) andpiMuceus, 
 faginus and fagineus : or as Metaurum above, Carm. iv. 38 ; and so Dardana 
 a/rma, Virg. Mn. n. 618 ; and below, Carm. vi. 7, Dardanas turres. 
 
 5. Lucem. Cp. Eur. Herc. F, 531 ; Orest. 243. 
 
 6. Instar veris. So Theocritus, Id. xin. 45, of a Nymph, — eap 0' opoaxra Nvxeta, 
 
 i. e. " cheerful as the spring." Compare Shakespeare, in the opening lines of 
 Richard III. 
 
 14. Compare Apoll. R. in. 994, — 
 
 fjLWTepes a'l vv 7tot' ¥)$t} 
 'H/xeas 7jtoVecrcrti> icpe^ofxwai yodovcri. 
 
 15. Desideriis icta. Msch. Ag. 1204, — lp4p<? ireTTh-qyixzvos. 
 
 17. The benefits of Augustus' government are similarly described in Vell. Pat. n. 
 89. Compare also Ov. Nux, 143. Compare the picture of good government, 
 Hom. Od. t. 109-14, — e£ evr}yeo-it)s, apeTuai 5e Aaol vir avTov. 
 
 19. Pacatum, i. e. " cleared of pirates." 
 
 23. Catull. lxi. 221, — ' Sit suo simihs patri 
 
 ' Manho, et facile insciis 
 ' Noscitetur ab omnibus, 
 ' Et pudicitiam sua3 
 
 ' Matris indicet ore.' 
 Cp. Hesiod, ipy. /col fj/j.., — tiktovo-iv 5e yvvalnes ioiK^ra Tewa yovevcriv. 
 
 24. Compare Soph. Electr. 1505. 
 
 29. Condit. Cp. Virg. Ecl. ix. 52, — ' Longos Cantando puerum memini me condere 
 ' soles.' Callim. Ep. 2, — t}\iov iv At'o-x?7 KaTeSvaa/xev. 
 
 31. Alteris. See Virg. Mn. I. 723, and Heyne's note (' libatio ad finem cenae fiebat.') 
 
 32. Adhibet. Virg. Mn. v. 62 ; Ov. Fast. iv. 829,—' Quosque pium est adhibere 
 
 Deos, advertite cuncti.' 
 
 33. Compare Ov. Fast. n. 633-8. 
 
 37. Ferias, " a time of rejoicing and security, such as we derive from your power." 
 Comp. ' diu lcctus intersis,' Carm. I. n. 45. 
 
NOTES ON THE 0DE8 : BOOK IV. vj. vrr. 
 
 CAIIM. VI.— AD APOLLIMEM. 
 
 1. Dive. The address is carried on to v. 25. 
 
 ib. Proles Niobea. See Horru II. a>. 602 ; Ovid, Met. VI. 148, sqq. 
 ib, Magnce . . .linguoz. Gr. txcyaAns yKctxravs, So$>h. Antig. 127. 
 
 2. Tityos. Call. H. Dian. 110,— ^Apre/xi irapdevin TitvoktSvc. Cp. Pind. Pyth. IV. 90. 
 
 3. Prope victor. Virg. JEn. xn. 545, — { Priami regnorum eversor Achilles.' 
 
 4. Achilles. Cp. Hom. II. x- 359 j Virg. JEn. VI. 57,— 
 
 ' Phcebe graves Trojse semper miserate labores, 
 
 * Dardana qui Paridis direxti tela manusque 
 
 * Corpus in JEacidae.' Cp. also Soph. Philoct. 334. 
 
 7. Tremenda cuspide, " the spear that none else could wield." Hom. II. t, 388. 
 9. Velut...pinus. Compare Hom. II. v. 389. 
 11. Procidit late. kcIto fxeyas fxeyaAaxrTl, Hom. II. ir. 776. Late. So Virg. JEn. 
 xii. 543, — ' Oppetere, et late terram consternere tergo.' 
 
 14. Male feriatos. See the choruses in Euripides, Hecub. 905 ; Troades, 511. 
 
 17. Captis. The readings here are various, cojptis, victor, raptor. In some of the 
 best MSS. the word is omitted. ' Merito colligas cum Bentleio, antiquitus 
 * jam excidisse vocabulum varieque esse suppletum.' [0.] 
 
 19. Etiam latentem. Hom. II. £. 58. 
 
 21. Veneris . . .adnuisset. Comp. Virg. JEn. I. 257. 
 
 23. Potiore...alite. apeiovos 6pvix°s, Pind,. Pyth. vlll. 49. 
 
 25. Doctor. 'Veluti xopoStSao-KoAos Musarum,' [0.] Eurip. Med. 426, — ay-fjTup 
 
 fXe\4b)V. 
 
 ib. Fidicen ' Fide conspicuus Trojse munitor.' Ov. Epist. v. 139. 
 
 28. Agyieu, i. e. " worshipped in the streets " (ayviais.) Aristoph, Vesp. 875, — 
 ayviev tov/xov TrpoQvpov irpoirvkaie. JEsch. Agam. 1081, — ayvi&Tns. See the 
 account of the title in Muller's Dorians, vol. I. p. 321. 
 
 33. Tutela, " under the protection of Diana." Compare Catull. XXXIV. 1, — c Dianae 
 sumus in fide.' 
 
 35. Lesbium...pedem, i. e. the Sapphic metre. 
 
 36. Pollicis ictwm, " the beat of my finger " (with which I shall give you the time, 
 as leader of the band.) 
 
 38. Noctilucam. Varro de Ling. Lat. 68, — ' Luna dicta Noctiluca in Palatio j 
 
 1 nam ibi noctu lucet templum.' [0.] 
 
 39. Prosperam frugum. Cp. in a general way, 'Saltus reficit jam roscida Luna,' 
 
 Virg. G. III. 337. Cp. Catull. xxxiv. 17, 
 
 ib. Celerem...volvere menses. Virg. G. I. 6, — * Lumina labentem cselo quoe ducitis 
 annum.' 
 
 41. Jam, Gr. tfdn, i. e. after marriage. 
 
 43. Docilis governs a genitive in Sat. II. n. 52. 
 
 CAKM. VII.— AD TORQUATUM. 
 
 Torquatus, addressed again in Epist. I. v, is supposed to have been son or nephew 
 of the consul (Carm. III. XXI. 1 ;) or, according to a probable conjecture, 
 Caius Nonius Asprenas, who received the agnomen Torquatus from Augustus, 
 as related in Suet. Vit. Oct. 43. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. vn. 99 
 
 1. Gramina. See Conington on Virg. Geor. n. 332. 
 
 2. Meleager, cx. 4, — Kal <pvTa 6-nX-qcravTa veois 4ic6fx.7)0'e ir€Tr)\ois. 
 
 3. Mutat terra vices. See Lucret. V. 737-747. 
 
 5. Cp. Milton, P. L. iv. 267,— 
 
 * Airs, vernal airs, 
 ' Breathing the smell of field and grove, attune 
 * The trembling leaves, while nniversal Pan, 
 1 Knit with the Graces and the Hours in dance, 
 1 Led on the eternal spring/ 
 
 9. Soph. Aj. 670, — VKpoaTifiels xei/iwves £kx&Povo~lv evKapircp depei. 
 
 ib. Proterit. Cp. Virg. 2En. xu. 330, — ' Agmina cnrru Proterit ' (i.e. " tramples 
 down in advancing.)" 
 
 13. Reparant. Ov. Met. I. 11. 
 
 14. Compare Catull. v. 4, — 
 
 ' Soles occidere et redire possnnt : 
 ' Nobis, cnm semel occidit brevis lux, 
 1 Xox est perpetua una dormienda.' 
 Cp. also the famous ai al toI /u.a\axal, Mosch. Id. de Bione, 103 ; and (in 
 Scripture) Job, xiv. 7 — 12, where observe, that the last verse corrects and 
 comp]etes the idea. 
 
 So too*Sir W. Scottfs famous Lament over Pitt and Fox, in the Introduction 
 to Marmion, beginning 
 
 ( To mute and to material things 
 ' New Life revolving summer brings, &c. 
 But the closest comparison with this Ode of Horace vdll be found in Toung^s 
 Night Thoughts, N. 6, (with this difference between the ancient and the 
 Christian poet, that the latter finds in his subject the proof of man's 
 immortality) : 
 
 ' Look nature through, 'tis revolution all ; 
 
 ' All change, no death ; day follows night, and night 
 
 ' The dying day ; stars rise, and set, and rise. 
 
 ' Earth takes the example. See the Summer, gay 
 
 ' With her green chaplets and ambrosial flowers, 
 
 ' Droops into pallid Autumn : Winter gray, 
 
 ' Horrid with frost and turbulent with storm, 
 
 ' Blows Autumn and his golden fruits away, 
 
 1 Then melts into the Spring : soft Spring, with breath 
 
 ' Favonian, from warm chambers of the South 
 
 ' Eecalls the first. All, to reflourish, fades ; 
 
 ' As in a wheel all sinks, to reascend : 
 
 ' Emblems of man, who passes, not expires.' 
 
 16. Pulvis et umbra. Soph. El. 1159, — cnrodov tc ko.1 crKiav avaxpeKrj. Ib. 244, — ya Te Kal 
 
 ovSev &v. Add Ov. Am. III. IX. 59, — ' nomen et umbra.' 
 
 17. Cp. Eurijp. Alc. 784. 
 
 19. Amico...animo. This may be taken as in the ablative case, thus — " Your heir 
 will squander all you give him in your liberality." But it seems more 
 Horatian if interpreted as <pl\ov $Top, <pi\ov Krip, and in the dative (so amica 
 mater=<p[Xi) ^T-np, Sat. II. m. 57.), " All you give to your own enjoyment, 
 " is so much saved from your heir's cupidity." Cp. tyvxq Sovvai, Theocr. xvi. 24. 
 
 21. Splendida. An epithet more pi'oper of the court and tribunal, than of the 
 judgment (arbitria) given. 
 
 MiVeoa ?8ov Aibs ayXabv vlbv 
 
 Xpvaeov crKrJTTTpov exovTa 9efj.icrTevovTa veKvcrcri. Hom. Od. A.. 567. 
 
 « 9. 
 
100 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. vn, viii. 
 
 Tho choico of pootie fignre, by whioh fco enlarge fche Bimple notion eum 
 oeoideris, \v;is probably raggested by Torqnatns' own profession aa an advocate 
 (alluded to in Ep. I. v. 8, 9). Then aplendida will marik fche contrast between 
 "the grand last doom " (as Mr. Conington translafces,) and the common 
 earthly law-courts and trials. 
 
 2G. lnberat Evppohftwm. According to a latcr, and Latin legend, Uippolytus was 
 restorcd. Vircj. Mn. VII. 7G5. 
 
 27. Thcseus...Pirithoo. Ilom. Od. A. G31 ; 6v. Trist. I. v. 19; and Virg. JEn. vi. G17,— 
 * Sedet aotcrnumque sedebit 
 ' Infelix Theseus.' 
 
 CAEM. VIII.— AD CENSOEINUM. 
 
 Caius Marcius Ccnsorimis, Cons. b. c. 8. Paterculus says of him, that he was 
 born to do good, and win men's hearts by it, — ' demerendis hominibus genitus/ 
 II. 102. 
 
 1. Donarem, fyc. Cp. Ovid, ex Pont. IV. vtii. 31, sqq. Gifts on particular and 
 marked days, on birthdays, New Year's Day, (hence the allusion in Tibull. III. 
 I. 1, sq.), or the Saturnalia, were customary at Kome ; and they are to be 
 reckoned (see Paleifs Introduction to Ovid's Fasti) among the influcnces 
 exercised upon modern society by Eoman usage. The French have even 
 derived their term for New Tear's gifts, 'etrennes,' from the Latin ' strencc ;' 
 for an account of which see the Dict. Antiq. in voce, (and see Wo.lckn. Hid. 
 Horace, xiv. § 8). 
 
 3. Trijpodas prcemia. Cp. Hom. II. \p. 259 ; Virg. 2En. v. 110. 
 
 5. Artium, i.e. " works of art." So ' Didymaonis artes/ Virg. 2En. V. 359. 
 
 6. Parrhasius, " of Ephesus." 'Primus symmetriam pictura^ dedit.' Plin. H. N. 
 
 xxxv. 36. See Biogr. Dict. 
 
 ih. Proiulit. ' Bene de re nova et admiranda,' [G.] ( Exquisitum verbum tan- 
 quam inventor artis fuerit quam perfecisset. Eodem s. Tibull. x. 1.' [M.] 
 
 ib. Scopas, of Paros, architect and sculptor. His statue of Apollo (placed 
 eventually by Augustus in the temple on the Palatine) is described very 
 happily by* JPropertius, II. xxxi. 5. He was the artist engaged on the decora- 
 tion of the Mausoleum, i.e. about 350, b. c. 
 
 10. Dcliciarum. Cicero uses this word in the same sense, Verr. iv. 23 ; and 'hinc 
 Seneca, Hipp. 210, — ' domos delicatas talibus refertas vocat.' [M.] 
 
 12. Pretium clicere, " to assign the true value to ; to appraise the gift." 
 
 13. Notis, i.e. " inscriptions." For the sentiment, cp. Epist. II. i. 248. Orelli sup- 
 
 poses a reference here to the statues set up by Augustus in his foruin. as a 
 gallery of great men. Steiner conjectures that the subsequent ideas (vv. 15 — 
 17) are founded on some groups in statuary or painting, representing Scipio's 
 
 conquests. 
 
 17. Non incendia. This, in its most natural sense, signifies the destruction of the 
 city in the 3rd Punic war. By some it is understood of the burning of the 
 camp, Liv. xxx. 5, or the fleet, Liv. xxx. 43, — so as to refer the whole sub- 
 ject to the elder Africanus. It might perhaps, as [M.] suggests, be taken for 
 a metaphor corresponding to VirgiPs ' tanti incendia belli,' JEn. I. 556. Bent- 
 ley and others condemn the verse as spurious, on account of the ajpparent 
 confusion between the two Scipios, also on account of the defect in caesura. 
 Por another (a metrical) question, see the Table of Metres, p. xvn. Preface. 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. vm, ix. 101 
 
 18. See Liv. xxx. 45, — ' Africanum cognomen militaris prins favor an popnlaris 
 
 * anra celebraverit, an, sicnti Felicis Sullse Magniqne Pompeii patrnm memoria, 
 ' coeptum ab assentatione familiari sit, parnm compertum habeo. Primus certe 
 ' hic imperator nomine victse ab se gentis est nobilitatns. Exemplo deinde 
 
 * Imjus, nequaquam victoria pares, insignes imaginum titulos claraque cog- 
 ' nomina famiiiae fecere.' Ovid's list of agnomina (Fast. i. 593) is worth 
 remembering. 
 
 20. Calabrce Pierides. 'Ennius...Calabris in montibns ortus,' Ov. A. A. III. 409. 
 
 21. Cp. Pind. 01. xi. 91—94. So Theocr. XVI. 42, sq. 
 
 22. Mercedem. Cp. v/xvov &ttoiv aperas, Pind, Pyth. n. 14 ; and Nem. VII. 16. 
 25. Ereptum. . .Macum. Orelli cp. in particular Pind. Isth. vn. 23. 
 
 27. Divitibus. Cp. Epod. xvi. 42. The fxanapwv vrjcrot. 
 
 29. Interest...epulis. Cp. Eom. Odyss. A. 601. Ov. ex Pont. IY. VIII. 55, — ' Di 
 quoque carminibus, si fas est dicere, fiunt.' 
 
 32. Theocr. xxn. 17 ; Ewr. Elect. 990. 
 
 34. Vota... ducit, i.e. "is honoured as a divinity." Cp. Virg. Ecl. V. 80, 'damnabis 
 
 votis.' 
 
 CARM. IX.— AD LOLLIUM. 
 
 Marcus Lollius, Cons. b. c. 21 ; legate in Gaul b. c. 16 ; where he suffered a 
 defeat, classed with that of Yarus by Tacitus, Annal. i. 10. See above on C. 
 II. 36. The character drawn by Horace is hard to reconcile wdth other notices 
 of him. 
 
 5. Non, si priores. Comp. Cicer. Orat. c. 2, — ' Nam in poetis non Homero soli 
 locus est,' &c. 
 
 8. Stesichori. Eeputed the inventor of choral poetry. His proper name is said 
 to have been Tisias. He was of Himera, and his statne there is mentioned by 
 Cicero in Verr. II. II. 35. His palinode is alluded to in Ep. xvn. 44. Pliny 
 (x. 29) has a story, that ' in ore Stesichori infantis luscinia cecinit.' Quintilian 
 (X. I. 62) says of him, — ' Stesichorum quam sit ingenio validus materise 
 ' quoque ostendunt, maxima bella et clarissimos canentem duces, atque Epici 
 ' carminis onera lyra sustinentem. Eeddit enim personis in agendo simul et 
 'loquendo debitam dignitatem {quo refertur vox ' graves,' O.) : ac si tenuisset 
 ' modum videtur semulari proximus Homerum potuisse.' On the meaning of 
 his name, and the phrase loravai x°P^ v : see Donaldson in Gk. Theatre, p. 37. 
 
 ib. Graves, i.e. " epic in subject and character." 
 
 14. Aurwm...regalisque cultus. Cp. Eurip. Iphig. in Aulid. 73; Ov. Ep. xin. 57. 
 
 ib. Illitum. xP v<r€01TVV ^' ra}l/ <po-p4cov, Eur. Orest. 840. 
 
 17. Teucer. bs dpio-ros *AxaiS>v ro£oo~vvr). Hom. II. v. 313. 
 ib. Cydonio, " Cretan." Virg. Ecl. x. 59. 
 
 18. Eor direxit, we ought perhaps to substitute derexit. See Munro on Lucr. vi, 
 823. Derectos is read in Cic. de Senectute, 59. Cp. Tac. Ann. II. 45. It is a 
 frequent error in MSS. to substitute i for e ; possibly owing to the Italian 
 pronunciation : e for i is rarely fonnd. 
 
 19. Ingens Idomeneus. ivl Kp-fjTeo-o-t, 9sbs &s earTVKe. Hom. II. 7, 230: 
 23. Cp. Andromache's Lament over Hector, II. w. 729, — 
 
 ?l yap oKcoAas iTrtcrKoiros octts fxiv avTTjv 
 pvo-Kev, ex e * 5' ahoxovs Ktdvas Ka\ vrjiria TeKva. 
 
102 NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. ix— xi. 
 
 27. Cp. Thcocr. XVI. 48. 
 
 28. Sacro. Ov. Am. III. ix. 17, — ' Sacri vates et Divum cura vocamur.' 
 
 29. Pind. Nem. VII. 12, — al /xeyaXai yap aXnal 
 
 <jk6tov ttoKvv vfxvuv tx ovTL ^^6/xevai. 
 39. Consul ; 41.judex; 44. victor. The subject of this noble passage is a, 
 
 (compare the stanza, Carm. III. II. 17-20.) " The soul has an independent 
 " dignity, so long as, true in principle and judgment, it rejects corruption, 
 " and bursts in a moral victory through the host of vices," atrivis OTpaTtvov 
 Tai KaTa rrjs ^vx^s. N. T. 1 Pet. II. 11. 
 
 This figure is borrowed by Lucian Vit. Av.c. 8, — crTpaTevo^ai iir\ tos rjSovds. 
 
 Consul judex. Bentley has accumulated instances where animus is thus 
 
 personified, e.g. ' contemptor animus,'*$aZ. B. Jug. 64. Cp. Virg. 2En. ix. 205. 
 ' Victorem omnium voluptatum animum/ Senec. ad Marc. 23, So ' animus 
 liberator, aestimator,' etc. 
 
 41. Honestum...utili. Gr. ZLki), KepSos. See Elmsl. not. on Eur. Med. 87; and cp. 
 
 Cic. de Offic. II. 3. 
 
 42. Rejecit alto. Cp. Cic. de Off. II. 11, — ' animi despicientia.' 
 
 47. Beati. Cp. Cic. Tusc. Qu. v. 28, (where indeed the personification of vita beata 
 in some degree parallels that of animus here.) 
 
 CABM. X.— AD LIGTJRINUM. 
 
 1. 'Idem argumentum tractavit Theognis, 1299, sqq.' [0.] 
 ib. Veneris muneribus. Hom. II. y. 54, — 
 
 TCt T6 5u>p' 'AcppoSlTVSf 
 T) T€ KSfMV, TO T6 eldoS. 
 
 2. Mart. I. xxxii. 5, — ' Teneri sordent lanugine vultus.' 
 
 4. Puniceas. See Lachm, ad Lucr. n. 829. 
 
 5. Ligurinum, i.e. ' Ligurini faciem.' .Another instance of the idiom noted C. II. 
 
 VI. 14. 
 
 6. Alterum. So in Theocr. XX. 20, &\Aos is used for aWolos. i^airivas /ue debs 
 
 BpoTov &A\ov eVev£ej/. 
 
 8, 9. This is taken from Terence, Hecijr. I. I. 17, (as quoted by the Scholiast.) 
 
 CAEM. XI.— AD PHYLLLDEM. 
 
 2. ATbani. The wine of Alba was reckoned among the best of the Italian wines. 
 
 4. Vis= u abundance." So ' vim lacrimarum,' Cic. Somn. Sc j ' vis auri argentique,' 
 Tusc. Q. v. 32. 
 
 5. Fulges. ' Enallage Temporis, pro fulgebis.' [G.] 
 
 6. Ridet. So in Gr. yeXda, Hom. II. t. 362,— 
 
 yeXaaae 8e Traaa irepl x^^ v 
 XO-Akov v-rrb aTepoirrjS. 
 
 7. ImmoJato spargier. Ov. F. II. 655, — ' Spargitm* et cseso communis Terminus 
 
 agro.' Spargier, an old form of the infinitive, mostly confined to hexameter 
 verse. So Sat. II. vm, 67, 'torquerier j' Epist, II. i. 94, 'labier,' 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. xi, xn. 103 
 
 11. Rotantes. Cp. Lucr. vi. 202. 
 
 12, Vertice. Is this to be explained of the smoke " curling in eddies ?" or as= 
 summo tecto, like Sat. I. v. 74 ? 
 
 15. Mensem Veneris. Ov. Fast. i. 39 ; IV. 13 ; where he proceeds (in v. 61, and v. 
 89) to give the Greek and Latin derivations {acppos and aperio) for Aprilis. 
 The Idus Apriles were the 13th of the month. 
 
 16. Findit. This word seems to contain an allusion to the origin and meaning of 
 
 Idus, which is derived from the old Etruscan verb iduare=dividere. 
 
 17. Cp. Juv. XII. 1, — ' Natali, Corvine, die mihi dulcior haec lux.' 
 
 21. Occupomt. ' Occupat qui aliis prseripit.' [G.] 
 
 22. Non tuce sortis, " one above you, out of your sphere ;" as in v. 31, disparem, the 
 opposite of te digna (v. 29.) Cp. rb KnSevcrat naQ' eavrbv (==" to match accord- 
 ing to his state ") aptcrrevet, k. t. K., JEsch. P. V. 890. 
 
 Pindar draws this as the moral from the legend of Tityus, — rav ev Svvarcp 
 <pi\ordro)v eirttyavetv. Pyth. IV. 92. To these quotations add Eur. Fr. Antiopa, 
 18 ; and Call. Ep. 1. 
 
 25. Ambustus. Ap. Rhod. IV. 599, — rj/Mtbarjs (paeOcav. 
 
 32. Finis. Propert. I. XII. 20. 
 
 CAEM. XII.— AD YIEGILIUM. 
 
 Ad Virgiliwm. The general authority of critics is against identifying this 
 Virgil with the poet. Bentley, indeed, in spite of his own chronology for this 
 Book of Odes (which he dates as B. c. 17 — 15, i.e. three or five years after 
 Virgil's death), seems to take the identification for granted. Mitscherlich and 
 Dillenburger affirm it, and so does the Baron Walckenaer (livr. iii. 26), who 
 argues that v. 25, studium lucri, accords with the character of Virgil, as in- 
 dicated by the property and wealth he left behind him; and that the title ' ad 
 Virgilium negotiatorem,' found in some MSS., might have been a jest upon 
 some speculations in which at the time the poet had engaged. This supposi- 
 tion, however, is open to the objection that a negotiator signifies more properly 
 a "banker," or " man of business," than one ' interesse dans quelque entreprise 
 maritime.' And upon the whole, Gesner, as quoted approvingly by Orelli, is 
 right in saying that there is nothing in the Ode ' quod magis ad poetam quam 
 ad quemvis alium Horatii sodalem pertineat.' 
 
 1. Qum mare temperant. In Horace's age, no winter voyages were attempted. 
 See C. I. iv. 2, and III. VII. 2. 
 
 2. Animce...T7vracice } "north winds," (a Greek idea, Hom. II. t. 5, — fioperjs koI 
 
 £ecpvpos rcare dpi)K7}Qev ar\rov) ; the opvidtai, which brought the birds of passage. 
 Columella (in Orelli, not.) says ' per dies triginta esse solent, tum et hirundo 
 advenit.' Comp. v. 5. 
 
 5. Ityn. Hom. Od.. r. 522, — iratb"' 6\o(pvpo/j.evn "irvKov cptKov. 
 
 7. Quod male. "Becauseshe bitterly avenged the tyrant's (i.e. Tereus') crime." 
 The story is given in Ov. Met. VI. 424, sq. Virg. Ecl. VI. 78. 
 
 9. [M.] on v. 1, compares Meleager, 110, — 
 
 jjbr) Se irKcaovcrtv e7r' elipea Kvjjtara vavrai 
 irvotf) aTTVfJ-dvrcti {ecpipov Ktva KoKTrcixravres. 
 So with this line, cp. sq. } — X aL P ei Ka ^ ^vptyyt vouevs ev opecrcri Ktyaivcav. 
 11. E contr. Theocr. Id. i. 15. 
 
 16. Merebere, " you shall earn," (so below, v. 22, c merce,') i.e. '* you must contribute 
 the nard, I the wine." Compare the invitation to Fabullus, in Catidl. xiil. 
 
104 N0TE8 ON TIIE ODES : B00K IV. xn— xiv. 
 
 17. Onyx, " a box." 
 
 18. 8Mbpwti8...horr6is, " pnblio wine-stores, or cellars." SuVpictis migbt be a name 
 denoting eitber contemporary or former owners. Horreum, aa in Carm. 111. 
 xxv j ii. 7. 
 
 22. Iferce, Gr. ipdvy. 23. Immimem— asymbolum. Terent. Plwrm. II. II. 25. 
 26. Ignium, sc. rojfi. ' Sic Fir^. 2E». xi. 186 ; Ov. F. n. 559.' [0.] 
 
 CARM. XIII.— AD LYCEN. 
 
 6. Virentis, " blooming." Cp. ' viridi ab 93vo,' Ov. Trist. IV. x. 17. 
 8. ts iv ixakaKais irapeicus vedvidos ivwxevets. Sojph. Antig. 783. 
 
 13. Coce. Tbe island of Cos was famous for tbe manufacture of ricb silken or gauze 
 dresses. ' ConcbyHa Coa/ Juv. vm. 101. Tibull. II. iv. 29, — 
 ' Et Coa puellis 
 ' Yestis, et e rubro lucida concba mari.' 
 15. Condita...inclusit. " Wbicb Time bas set down (or recorded) as past." 
 
 17. Decens...motus. ' Corporis decens et aptus motus, qui dicitur evpvd/xta. 
 
 Quintil. Inst. i. 16. Cp. Tibull. IV. n. 8. Compare generally tbe elaborate 
 
 description of Gray, Progress of Poesy, i. 3, — 
 
 ' Wbere'er sbe turns, tbe Graces bomage pay j 
 
 ' Witb arms sublime, tbat float upon tbe air, 
 
 c In gliding state sbe wins ber easy way : 
 
 * 0'er ber warm cbeek and rising bosom move 
 
 ' Tbe bloom of young Desire and purple ligbt of Love.' 
 
 (Wbicb verses, bowever, are a more direct imitation of Barton Bootb, as sbown 
 
 in Mitford's note.) 
 
 21. Notaque et, ." and well known also for."... 
 
 25. Cornicis vetulw. Carm. III. xvn. 13, 'annosa.' Tbe age of tbe crow was 
 proverbial. Cp. Juven. x. 247 ; Mart. X. lxvii. 5 ; Ov. Am. II. VI. 36. 
 
 28. Dilajpsam. Some copies read ' delapsam ' wrongly. ' Dilabitur quod dissipatur ; 
 ddabitur quod decidit.' [Bentley^] 
 
 ib. Facem. Meleag. Fp. 49, — 
 
 irvpavy)]s 
 irpiv irOTG, vvv 5' ^5?j 5aA&s ' Atto\k65otos. 
 
 CAEM. XIV.— AD AUGUSTUM. 
 
 Tbis ode corresponds witb tbe Fourtb, entitled Drusi laudes, and celebrates 
 in a similar strain bis elder brotber {Major Neronum, v. 14) Tiberius. 
 
 4. Titulos ; as notis, Carm. IV. Vin. 13. Cp. Sat. I. VI. 17 ; Ov. F. II. 15,— 
 
 ' At tua prosequimur studioso pectore, Csesar, 
 
 ' Nomina, per titulos ingredimurque tuos.' 
 
 5. Mternet, " perpetuate." Orelb" instances, as otber old words preserved by 
 
 Horace, claro, Carm. IV. III. 4 ; indecoro, Iv. 36 ; inimico, xv. 20 ; intaminatus, 
 III. II. 18. 
 
 ib. Qua sol. Virg. Mn. vn. 100. 
 
 ib. Habitabiles...oras. Gr. tV oIkov/j.4vwv. 
 
NOTES ON THE OI)ES : BOOK IV. xiv. 105 
 
 7 Quem...didicere...quid...posses. Greek construction, illustrated by Elmsley, on 
 Medea, 440. This Grsecism is very rare in Latin : it is involved in the con- 
 struction of v. 15, * Spectandus...quantis :' it occurs in Liv. II. 12, — ' Semet 
 ipse aperiret quis esset ;' and in Ter. Eunuch. V. VIII. 5. Compare Ars P. 435. 
 
 10. Genaunos. This tribe is placed by Orelli in the Tyrolese Val di Non (N. of 
 Lago di Garda). They are commonly marked farther west. 
 
 11. Breunos, near Brunecken and the Breuner Mountain, which probably owes its 
 name to them. In the epithet veloces, Donaldson (Varron. ch. n. p. 84, notej 
 discovers a correspondence and possible allusion to the name Ras. (See note 
 on 8. I. vi. 1.) Cp. what Grimm says, as cited by Orelli on C. IV. II. 36, in 
 reference to the meaning of the name Sygambri. 
 
 13. Plus vice simplici, " with more than a single or mere requital ;" i.e. with an 
 
 overwhelming slaughter. Comp. Liv. ix, 3, — * Multiplices poenas expetitas '; 
 
 and xxii. 54. Cp. the iEschylean line, Agam. 537, — 5iir\a 8' eTiaav npiafiffiat. 
 
 QajxapTia. 
 18. Devota. ' Significare videtur Gallorum Soldurios.' [G.] (On this subject see 
 
 Cazsar, B. G. III. 22, — ' Devotis quos illi Soldurios appellant,' and Long's note.) 
 
 21. Pleiadum, ' Atlantides,' Virg. Georg. i. 221, sisters of the Hyades, changed into 
 
 stars on the neck of Taurus. ' Septem dici sex tamen esse solent.' Ov. Fast. 
 iv. 170. Orelli quotes a fragment of Haero (the Byzantine poetess, fl. 300 B.c.) ; 
 at (sc. " the Pleiads ") S-f) toi Bepeos nal xe'V aT0S dyyiXoi etVi. 
 
 22. Scindente nubes, i.e. in storms, as 
 
 ' Tantus se nubibus imber 
 1 Ruperat.' Virg. 2En. xi. 548. 
 
 23. Frementem...equum. Campbell, — 
 
 ' Furious every charger neighed, 
 ' To join the dreadful revelry.' 
 
 24. Medios per ignes. Bentley quotes Silius, xiv. 175, — 
 
 ' Si tibi per medios ignes mediosque per enses 
 
 ' Non dederit mea dextra viam.' 
 And xv. 40, — 
 
 ' Virtus te saeva jubebit 
 ' Per medias volitare acies mediosque per ignes.' 
 Also Virg. 2En. vn. 296, — ' Medias acies mediosque per ignes Invenere viam ;' — 
 where, however, he observes that there is no metaphor, but an allusion to the 
 buming of Troy. Here he conjectures enses, but the verses he quotes in sup- 
 port of it have little in common with this passage, and seem to overlook its 
 lyric character. The Gr. Sia irvpbs Uvai is proverbial, for any danger. Ignes 
 and gladios are joined together in Ov. Met. VIII. 76. irvp and cpdcryava, Eur. 
 Phcen. 521. 
 
 25. Tauriformis. Gr. Tavp6^op<pos, Eur. Ion, 1261. From the Homeric description 
 of Scamander, — /xe/xvKus, r/ure Tavpos, II. <p. 237. Cp. Virg. 2En. viii. 77, 
 'corniger ;' and Georg. IV. 371. So Milton's ' horned flood,' P. L. xi. 831. 
 
 29. Claudius. The full name was Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar. 
 
 31. Metendo. Cp. the simile, Hom. II. A. 67, — ol 5' &<tt a/j.r)T?ipes, k. t. A. ; and (for 
 the exact word-parallel) Virg. JEn. x. 513, — * Proxima quaeque metit gladio.' 
 
 32. Sine clade victor, i.e. without loss. Livy's 'incruentus devicit,' ix. 17. Hom. 
 II. p. 364, avaifj.u)Ti. E contr. ' cum clade,' Liv. ix. 19. 
 
 34. Divos. This is equivalent to auspicia. Originally the Eoman commander-in- 
 chief received them with his imperium, and battles were said to be fought 
 ' ejus ductu et auspicio' (see Liv. iii. 1, and xxiv. 8) ; hence, even in victories 
 gained by his lieutenants, as the achievement was ascribed to the auspicia, 
 the honour belonged to him. Under Augustus and his successors, the auspices 
 belonged to the emperor. Ov. Trist. n. 174, — ' Auspicium cui (sc. duci) das 
 grande deosque tuos.' Suetonius (Octav. 21), enumerating the conquered 
 countries, says, — ' Domuit partim ductu, partim auspiciis suis.' 
 
10G NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. xiv, xv. 
 
 40. Arrogavit, " and has added a frcsli glory fco your past commands." ' Am 
 
 antiquo et docto vocabuli a8n pro addere. Cp. Liv. VU. 25, and Wpist, II. i. 
 35.' [Jaui.] 
 
 44. Domince. Ov. Fast. IV. 831, — ' Dominajque potcntia ternc' 
 
 45. Ov. Am. III. vi. 40. 
 
 47. Beluosus. Tbe Homeric neyai<riT7}s. Somc take it as corresponding to JuvcnaVs 
 allusion, £. x. 14, — ' Quanto delphinis balaona Britannica major.' But compare 
 also Tac. Ann. II. 24, — ' Quidam in Britanniam rapti et rcmissi...miracula 
 ' narrabant vim turbinum et inauditas volucres, monstra maris ambiguas 
 ' hominum et beluarum formas.' 
 
 CARM. XV.— AUGUSTI LAUDES. 
 
 1. Phcebus volentem. Cp. Virg. Ecl. vi. 3, — ' Cum canerem reges,' etc. 
 
 2. Increpuit hjra, " checked me with his Iyre." The same phrase occurs in the 
 last line of Ovid's Fasti, expressing assent or approval. It seems to be one 
 naturally applicable to a x°P°5t8ao-/caAos, who would interrupt (for c or rec ti on 
 or guidance) the musician, by striking notes on his own instrument. 
 
 3. Ne parva, sq, Cp. Pope's adaptation of this metaphor to poetic fame, Essay on 
 Man, iv. 385, — 
 
 ' Say shall my little bark attendant sail, 
 
 * Pursue the triumph and partake the gale ? ' 
 
 4. Yela da/renu Used by Virgil with the same metaphor, — ' Pelagoque volaus da 
 vela patenti. 5 Georg. II. 41. 
 
 8. Postibv.s. For the custom of suspending conquered spoils thus, see Tirg. JEn. 
 
 iii. 287, — ' Postibus adversis figoj' and vii. 183. 
 
 9. Janum Quirini, i. e. " closed the war-gate of Quirinus," (the tutelar deity.) 
 
 This has been altered by editors to Janum Quirinum, as the appellation more 
 usual in invoking Janus ; but there is no MS. authority for the change, nor 
 was Horace tied to that form in mentioning, not the god, but his temple, 
 especially if (as Bentley suggests) Quirinus in the common formula was used 
 adjectively. Quirinus was the name under which Romulus was worshipped, 
 (Ov. Fast. ii. 475) and is a name assigned to Augustus in Yirg. Georg. 
 iii. 27. 
 
 ib. Clausit. Compare Ov. Fast. i. 121. 
 
 10. Evaganti. Used actively, with acc. case. The same force of ex in compounds 
 is seen in exeo, evado, excedo, erepo. Still these verbs, though transitive, are 
 not used in the passive voice. 
 
 12, Yeteres...artes. ' Vetuste pro antiquos mores, vel virtutes, Graecis apiTas.' [G.] 
 Compare Yirg. Mn. VI. 852, — 
 
 ' Tu regere imperio populos, Eomane, memento ; 
 ' Hae tibi erunt artes.' 
 Cp. too Ov. Fast. ii. 508, — ' Et patrias artes militiamque colant.' 
 
 14. Imperi...majestas. Cic. pro Rab. 7 ; cle Orat. II. 39; Quintil. VII. III. 35. 
 
 15. Ortus. Many editions read ortum here, with some MS. authority, but entirely 
 against the usage of the best Latin authors : for, with the exception of the 
 phrase ai ortu, (e. g. in Carm. III. xxvn. 12) the plural is regularly used as a 
 general term of description, where the meaning is not restricted. (We may 
 observe a parallel in the Gr. avToXai) Thus Virg. Mn. VI. 255, — ' Sub lumina 
 solis et-ortus.' Georg. m. 277, — 'Xon, Eure, tuos neque solis ad ortus.' Mn,. 
 iv. 118, — ' Ubi primos crastinus ortus Extulerit Titan.' Comp. Geori. iv. 514. 
 In Ov. Met. xiv. 386, the substitution pf ortum for ortus seems due, as here, to 
 
NOTES ON THE ODES : BOOK IV. XV. 107 
 
 fche desire for a supposed euphony. Bufc where the meaning is nofc local nor 
 general, but lhnited, — as in Carm. IV. II. 58, — ' tertium Lunae ortum ' (=the 
 third phase, or quarter of the moon), or Virg. Georg. I. 432, — ' ortu quartoj' or 
 Georg. i. 441, — ' nascentem ortum,'— the singular is, and must he, used. 
 
 16. Tibull. II. v. 57,— 
 
 • Eoma, tuum nomen terris fatale regendis, 
 
 ' Quaque patent ortus (cp. preceding note) et qua fluitantibus undis 
 ' Solis anhelantes abluit amnis equos.' 
 Add aiso, Ov. F. n. 136, — ' Hoc duce Somanum est solis utrumque latus.' 
 
 18. Exiget. Used in the same sense as exactos, Carm. II. xiii. 31. c Exi,nere 
 
 (which is the word read here in many MSS.) ' de re molesta plerumque dicitur 
 ' ut eximere curam, metum, spinas, atque alia ejusinodi.' [Bentley.'] 
 
 19. Qucb procvdit enses. Gr. <pa<ryavovpy6s, JEsch. Clw. 647. 
 
 22. Edicta. So, above, the unconquered were called legis expertes Latinai, Carm. 
 
 IV. xiv. 7. 
 
 23. Seres. ' Nota Serum legatio Augusti amicitiam petere jussa. Vide Propert. 
 
 III. iv. 5/ [M.] 
 
 28. Cp. ' Ante Jovem supplex per vota precatus/ Virg. JEn. IX. 624. 
 
 29. Virtute functos, " vdio have done their duty," " our renovmed chiefs." Com- 
 mentators quote Cic. Tusc. I. xlv. 109, — ' Nemo parum diu vixit qui virtutis 
 'perfectae perfecto functus est munere;' i. e. " he Hveth long, who hveth 
 well." 
 
 ib. More patrum. Cp. Cic. Tusc. i. 2, — ' Canere ad tibicinem de clarorum hominum 
 ' virtutibus.' 
 
 30. Lydis tibiis. Tibia (ab\6s) generally translated "flute," but when enlarged 
 
 and ornamented, (' orichalco vincta tubaeque aemula,' Ars P. 202,) more like 
 our flageolet, or even clarionet. For the tibice, or double flutes, see on Epod. 
 IX. 5. Lydis is probably a mere poetical epithet, as Berecyntioz in Carm. IV. 
 I. 22 ; yet see what is said of the Lydian mode in the Dictionary of Antiq. (Art. 
 ' Tibia.;) p. 969. 
 
 32. Progeniem, i. c. " yEneas, our grcat ancestor." Compare ivj. the title given to 
 Augustus in Carm. Sa?c. 50. 
 
CABMEN S^CULAllE, 
 
 PRO INCOLUMITATE IMPERI. 
 
 An Ode accompanying the performance of tho Lndi Sceculares. (See an 
 account of them in Merivale, Hist. chap. xxxv.) They were celebrated by 
 Augustus B. c. 17. Jani (in his argument to Carm. IV. VI.) cliaractcrises that 
 Ocle as a first attempt or preface to this, — ' Saeculari carmini privatim prae- 
 ludit poeta, et quasi prasfatur.' The scecxdum is marked in v. 21, as a period of 
 110 years. With this invocation may, in some measure, be compared the Odes 
 addressed to the deities in Msch. Suppl. 625, sqq. and Soph. CEd. Tyr. 151. 
 Eefer also to Carm. I. xxi., and Catullus, xxxiv. 
 
 2. Comp. ' Astrorum decus et nemorum Latonia custos/ Virg. Mn. IX. 405. So 
 too ' Vos, clarissima mundi Lumina,' sq. Georg. I, 5. 
 
 6. Virgines puerosque. Twenty-seven in number of each, according to Livy, 
 
 xxvn. 37, and xxxi. 12. [0.] 
 
 8. Dicere. This rare construction (an infinitive after tnoneo, when meaning to 
 hid, or recommendj is found in Virg. Georg. I. 457, — ' Ire, neque ab terra 
 ' moneat convellere funem.' ^iere, see Forbiger. It is observed that moneo 
 is specially nsed of oracular or Divine commands, as in Tib. I. VI. 50, and III. 
 IV. 5. 
 13. Aperire, " to aid the timely birth." Cp. a /xeu (sc. "ApTe/jus) %\v<rev e/xcoi/ wStva 
 [xoXovaa. Antip. Ep. in Gr. Anthologij. 
 
 15. Sive tu, etc. Compare Zeus efr-' 'AIStjs 6i>ofia(6i.iej/os arepyeis, Eur. Fr. Tac. 103. 
 
 Catull. XXXIV. 21, — ' Sis quocumque placet tibi 
 
 ' Sancta nomine.' 
 Compare Plato, Cratyl. p. 400, § 38, ad fin. wairep ev rals et>xcus, k. t. A. 
 Cp. JSsch. Agam. 160, — Zevs, '6o-tls 7tot' ecrrlv, el to5' aiir^ cpiXov KeK\r)ixevu> 
 
 16. Genitalis. "ApTefxis Aoxeta. 
 
 17. Producas, i. e. " bring to maturity." Diana is called e| apxys KovpoTp6<pos in 
 
 Iles. Theog. 452. The same office belonged equally to Phoebus : see Horn. Ocl. t. 
 86, and the Scholiast there. So (in the epigram quoted on v. 13,) Qolfios 5' 
 els i^Bav apaevas rj-ydycTO. 
 
 18. Decreta, the Lex Julia, de Maritandis Ordinibus, a law for the regulation of 
 
 marriages, and the promotion of them. Degrading marriages were made 
 illegal, and the illegality was a bar to receiving legacies : penalties were im- 
 posed on celibacy. This law appears to have passed b. c. 18 : in a.d. 9 it was 
 amended and added to, in the consulship of M. Papius Mutilus and L. Poppaeus 
 Secundus ; after which time the title of the law is given commonly as Lex 
 Julia et Papia Poppsea. 
 22. Orbis, " cycle." 
 
NOTES ON THE e CARMEN SMCULARE.' 109 
 
 23. Ter die, i.e. " for three days and nights celebrated by mnltitudes." 
 
 25. Veraces. An allusion to the oracles of the Sibylline books. Catull. lxiv. 307, — 
 ' Veridicos Parcaa coeperunt edere cantus.' 
 
 26. Quod semel dictum est. The proper notion of fatum, i.e. " a thing decreed." 
 
 ' Fata sunt quse divi fantur.' Serv. on Mn. II. 777. 
 ib. Stabilisque...terminus, i.e. "whichthe determinate issue of events keeps up," 
 
 (i. e. carries out to completion.) Cp. ' Concordes stabili fatorum numine 
 
 Parcse,' Virg. Ecl. IV. 47. 
 ib. Terminus, " a bound, or limitation ;" hence, " a final decision, not to be over- 
 
 stepped." So repixa, Eur. Suppl. 617, — aTrdyrav repfx ex 0J/Tes avroi (sc. Qeoi). 
 
 Cp. Lucret. I. 78 ; Virg. 2En. IV. 614, — ' terminus hseret.' 
 
 29, sq. Msch. Suppl. 689. 
 
 30. Imitated by Tibull. I. I. 15, — ' Flava Ceres tibi sit nostro de rure corona 
 
 Spicea.' 
 37. Vestrum est opus, i. e. founded under your auspices and your direction. Cp. 
 jussa, v. 39 ; and, with that, Virg. Mn. IV. 345. 
 
 41. Sine fraude. So Carm II. XIX. 20. 
 
 46. Senectuti placidce. ' Tlaxida egregie dicitur senectns, quse sibi placet, prorsus 
 ' contenta est vita et ante acta et ea quae etiamnunc ipsi concessa est.' 
 \_Orelli.~} I transcribe the note, partly as indicating the emphatic force of the 
 epithets here used, partly as coinciding remarkably with the well-known lines 
 of The Christian Year, — 
 
 ' Such calm old age as conscience pure 
 ' And self-commanding hearts ensure.' 
 
 49 — 51. Qnique...imperet is the reading of many MSS. and Editions ; but it is, 
 perhaps, only a mistaken correction of the more difiicult reading of the text. 
 lt is certainly less suitable to the context. Imperet, however, need not havc 
 the emphatic meaning ' dominetur toti terrarum orbi ;' it will be simply poetical 
 for ' sit,' — " Let him reign(=be) ever victorious." (See on Sat. II. II. 32.) 
 
 49. Veneratur. Veneror is here used with the sense and construction of precor, 
 governing a double accusative. Cp. Sat. II. vi. 8 ; and Cic. ad Fam. VI. 7, — 
 ' Qui multa deos venerati sunt contra ejus salutem.' Cp. Virg. Mn. III. 34 — 36. 
 
 51. Bellante prior. Virg. Mn. vi. 854. 
 
 52. Lenis. Cp. Ov. Trist. V. II. 36, — ' Saepe suo victor lenis in hoste fuit.' 
 
 54. Albanas, " Roman," alluding to the colonisation from Alba. 
 
 ib. Secures, i. e. the civil administration, as distinct from the military power 
 alluded to in the preceding verse. 
 
 55. Cp. Saet. Aug. 21 — ' Quse virtutis moderationisque fama Indos etiam et Scythas, 
 ' auditu modo cognitos, pellexit ad amicitiam suam populique E. ultro per 
 ' legatos petendam.' To the same efiect [0.] quotes the Monumentum 
 Ancyranum. 
 
 61. Fulgente decorus arcu. Cp. ct/n vp<$To£ov 'AiroWau, Hom. II. $. 766. On fulgente, 
 see Palei/s note on Eur. Ion, 285, — TlvQios ao-rpairai re IlvOiai. 
 
 63. Cp. Ov. Met. i. 521, ' opifer.' 
 
 67. Lustrum may be an allusion to the recent extension of Augustus' irpoaTao-ia. 
 In the year preceding these Secular Games, he had received the empire for 
 five years. See Clinton t F. H. (b.c. 18), and the historic passages quoted. 
 Accordingly, the critics understand lustrum literally ; (proprie non, infinite, O.) 
 Pea agrees with Orelli, in making/eZia: agree with lustrum. But the flow of 
 verse and the position of the word attach it more naturally to Latium, and the 
 combination offelix and alterum, in agreement with one noun, is unusual and 
 harsh. 
 
 69. Aventinum. Diana had a temple there. 
 
 70. Quindecim viri, the custodiers of the Sibylline books. See Dict. of Antiqv.ities, 
 p. 316, Art. ' Decemviri Sacris Faciundis. i 
 
Q. HOEATI FLACCI EPODON 
 LIBER. 
 
 CAEM. I.— AD MiECENATEM. 
 
 It is commonly believed that this Epode was written at the time, and in 
 anticipation, of the projected expedition and contest which culminated in the 
 battle of Actium. But there is nothing to prove this. All that can be 
 gathered from the Epode itself is, that an armament was preparing, that 
 Maecenas was to take part in it, and the poet to accompany him. Now the 
 evidence is pretty clear that Msecenas was not at Actium. On the other hand, 
 it is equally clear that he did go on the Sicilian expedition against Sextus 
 Pompeius in b. c. 36 ; and while one author (Appian, v. 99) speaks of the 
 Liburnian galleys engaged in it, Dion speaks of the height and solidity of 
 Octavian's ships (a description illustrating ' alta navium propugnacula .') 
 Further, the phrase { ibis inter ' expresses much more naturally accompani- 
 ment than attack. Finally, it is at least probable that the verse, C. III. iv. 
 26, contains an allusion to the remarkable storm which overtook the fleet oflf 
 Cape Palinurus. (See these arguments in detail in Mr. Dyer's Essay in the 
 Classical Museum, vol. II. p. 199, sqq. See also MerivaWs note, vol. III. ch. 
 xxvii. p. 272.) 
 
 1. Alta. . .propugnacula. The ships in Antony's fleet were of unusual height and 
 size, having as many as 10 banks of oars (deicfipeis, PlutarcWs Life of Antony). 
 Virg. Mn. Tlli. 692, compares them to floating islands : ' Cycladas aut montes/ 
 &c. 
 
 5. Vita si. This seems to be a blending of the two constructions ' si superstes 
 mihi eris,' and ' te superstite.' Vita sit is found in several good copies, and 
 is not unlikely to be the true reading. Yet the context si contra favours 
 the common one. 
 
 7. Persequemur otium. A phrase used by Cicero, de Off. ili. 1. 
 
 13. Sinum. Cp. ' Extremi sinus orbis,' Virg. Geor. II. 123. 
 
 16. Gr. aTTT6keiJ.os Ka\ &isa\i<is, Hom. II. /3, 201. 
 
 18. Cp. Ovid, Ep. xix. 110, — ' Cogit et absentes plura tiinere locus.' 
 
 19. Ut...avis serpentium. 2Esch. Seiit. c. Th. 291, — Sp&Kovras wstis tzkvuw virepbeSoi- 
 Kev...ire\eids. 
 
 21. Xon, ut a.dsit. Hom. II. A, 116, — 'H 5' (sc. e\a<posJ etirep re Tvxyo-i /.id\a ax^ci. 
 ov SvvaTal cr<pi xpa(tr / ue7*'. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPODES : CABM. i. n. 111 
 
 23. Militabitur bellum. ' Eleganter et nove dictum,' Schol. With this construc- 
 tion may be compared that of ' res certabitur ' in Sat. II. V. 27. Milito is 
 properly an intransitive verb, as in C. III. XXVI. 2. 
 
 25. Propertius (IV. i. 129) expresses wealth in much the same way, — ' Tua cum 
 multi versarent rura juvenci.' 
 
 28. Calahris . . .Eucana mutet, i.e. go from Calabria into Lucania. ' Calabris saltibus 
 adjecti Lucani' (Ep. II. II. 177) were coveted by cattle-owners, as affording 
 tbem alternations of summer and winter pasturage, the woods and hills of 
 Lucania supplying the first, the mild soft climate of Calabria the second. 
 
 CAEM. II. 
 
 A description of a country life, put into the mouth of an usurer, Alfius. See 
 the concluding lines, which give the poem a satiric cast. ' Ejusdem Alfii 
 
 ( ; fenerator Alfius,' v. 67) meminit Columella, I. vii. 2 Cum vitae rusticae 
 
 descriptione, comp. Yirg. Geor. n. 458, sqq. ; Mo.rt. i. 56 ; et e Graecis, Aristoph. 
 Fragm. apud Stob. Flor. 213.' [M.] This last passage is numbered in Dindorf, 
 344 N-/7<rot, It affords a close parallel to the Epode : 
 £> fxcope, fxcope, raiiTa ■navT' iv tt^S' evi, 
 QiKetv fxev iv aypqi tovtov iv rif yr)$[<f> 
 airaWayzvTa tc2v naT ayopav irpayixaTUV, (cp. r. 1) 
 K£KT7]fJ.ivov fcvydpiov olKilov fioolv, (v. 3, ' suis ') 
 e7reiT' aKoveiv irpofiaTioov ^K-qx^^vCov, {y. 11) 
 rpvyos Te (pwvrjv €15 XzKavwt' u0ovfi4vi)S, 
 otycp 5e xPV a ~& ai cnrividiois Te Kal Ki'xA.aiS, (y. 34) 
 Kal llt) irepiLizveiv e'| ayopas lxdv5ta (y, 48) 
 TpiToia 7roAwTi,u7jTa fiefiatTavicrfAeva 
 iir' IxQvottuAov x ei P^ TrapavofxwTarri. 
 5. Cp. Bacchyl, Fr. 9 (P. Gr. p. 153),— 
 
 Xa\Ktav $' ovk eo"Ti caXiriyycov ktvttos, 
 
 ot''Se crvXuTai fie\icppwv vrrvos airb f3\ecpapcav . So Tibull. I. I. 4. 
 
 8. Cp. Mari. V. XX. 5. The irksome round of officia (Sat. II. VI. 24 ; E. I. vn. 
 8, ' ofiiciosa sedulitas,' and v. 75, ' mane cliens,') is here intended. 
 
 9. Adulta...propagine, i, e. with the layers as they grow up. Por this mode of 
 planting, see Virg. Georg. II. 26; and, for its application to vines, v. 63, — 
 ' Propagine vites respondent.' 
 
 13. Amputans. Virg. Georg. II. 407, — ' fingitque putando.' 
 
 14. Inserit. Cp. v. 19, insitiva. Grafting (inserere) is described Virg. Georg, n. 73. 
 
 15. Pressa...mella. Comp. Virg. Georg. iv. 140, — 
 
 ' Spumantia cogere pressis 
 ' Mella favis.' 
 
 17. Cp. Virg. Geor. n. 521,— 
 
 ' Yarios ponit fetus autumnus, et alte 
 
 ' Mitis in apricis coquitur vindemia saxis.' 
 
 19. Ut, used interjectionally, as in C. III. xxv. 12. So in Cic. Att, III. xi. 2, — 
 ' Ut...desidero.' Sallust, Hist. Fr. Lib. I, — 'Ut te neque hominum neque 
 deorum pudet.' 
 
 ib. Insitiva...pira. Cp. e contr. ' mutatamque insita mala Ferre pirum,' Virg. Geo. 
 
 II, 33. Cp. Prop. IV. II. 18. 
 21. Priape, the god of gardens. Virg. Georg. iv. 111, — 
 
 ' Custos furum atque avium cum falce saligna 
 
 ' Hellespontiaci servet tutela Priapi.' 
 Cp. Sat. I. vin. 3. For the offerings to him, cp. Catull. xix. 20. 
 
112 NOTES <>X THE EPODEB : CABM. n. 
 
 22. Silcanc. Virg. JEn. VIII. 001. 
 2:5, $qq. Cp. Milton, II Pensemso, — 
 
 ' And when tho Sun bcgins to fling 
 
 ' His flaring beams, me, Goddess, bring 
 
 'To arched walka of twilight groves, 
 
 ' And shadows brown, fehat Bylvan loves : (Cp. v. 22) 
 
 1 Thero in close covcrt, by sorne brook, 
 ' Where no profaner eye may look, 
 1 Hide me from day's garish eye ; 
 ' While the bee, with honied thigh, 
 ' That at her flowery work doth sing, 
 ' And the waters murmuring, 
 ' With such consort as thcy kccp, 
 ' Entice the dewy feathercd slcep.' 
 
 25. Labuntur...ripis. Cp. Lucr. 11. 3G2, — ' Summis labentia ripis.' (Rivis has 
 fair MS. authority. This citation is against it.) 
 
 27. Fontesquc.obstrepunt, scil. jacenti. There is an elegant (but necdlcss) reading 
 proposed instead of the existing one, viz. frondes, making lyrnphis the dative, 
 not thc abl. case. The verse would then corrcspond fco Prop. IV. iv. 4, — 
 ' Nativis obstrepit arbor aquis.' 
 
 And Thcocr. I. 1, — c A5u ti rb \pi6vpia/xa Ka\ a Htvs, afrroAe, T-ftva 
 'A tt6ti tois tcayalai /xe\ia5eTai. 
 
 Cp. also Ov. F. III. 18,— 
 
 ' Dum sedet, umbrosae salices volucresque canorac 
 ' Fccerunt somnos, et leve murmur aquoe.' 
 
 28. Quod invitet=" so as to invite sleep." The proper antcccdcnt to quod is 
 involved in, or understood with, the verbs prcceding. 
 
 29. Annus hibernus. So C. III. xxm. 8. So Virg. Mn. VI. 811, — ' frigidus annus.' 
 
 So Tibull. I. 1. 13, ' novus annus ' is synonymous with vef. 
 
 32 — 48. Compare the description of the Swiss in Goldsmith's Traveller. 
 
 39. In partem juvet. Cp. Fur. Elect. 71, — 
 
 Se7 o-fj /xe KaKeXevaTov els '6crov adevco 
 /ul6x9ov '"iriKov&i^ovaav wj paov cpepvs 
 crvveKKOfxi^eiv aoi ttovovs' a\is 8' ex^is 
 Ta^ccdev epya, rav dd/xois 8' rjLicis %^ewj/ 
 i^evrpeiri^eiv, elaiovTi 8' ipya.Tr) 
 Ovpadev 7j5u T&vdov evpiaKeiv xaAws. 
 
 40. Virg. Geor. 11. 523, — 
 
 ' Interea dulces pendent circum oscula nati, 
 ' Casta pudicitiam servat domus.' 
 
 41. Sabina. Cp. Virg. Geor. II. 532 ; Ov. Medic. Fac. 11, sq. ; and Carm. III. vi. 
 38, — ' Sabellis et severa3 Matris.' 
 
 ib. Perusta, " sunburnt and hardy." Gr. 7]Kicofxevos. Cp. Carm. I. VIII. 4. 
 
 43, Compare Gray's Elegy, st. 6: 
 
 ' For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn, 
 
 ' Or busy housewife ply her evening care ; 
 ' No children run to lisp their sire's return, 
 ' Or climb his knees the envied kiss to share.' 
 
 48. Dapes inemptas. So Virg. Georg. iv. 133. Compare the praises of Peace in 
 Aristophanes, — 
 
 iroWa yap iitaayofxev irpiv ttot' iirl aov 
 
 yAi>Kea Kaodirava Kal cpiKa. Pac. 593 ; 
 and the complaints in Arist. Acharn. 34 — 36. The phrase is copicd by Clau- 
 dian, in Ruf. I. 20G. 
 
NOTES ON THE EP0DE8 : CARM. n, iii. 113 
 
 49. Lucrina, frora the Lucrinus Lacus, near Baise. Juvenal, Sat. iv. 141, men- 
 tions the Lucrinum Saxum as famous for its oysters. Nearly all these 
 delicacies are enumerated again in Sat. II, II. 
 
 51. Intonata. A word of rare form and usage. 
 
 53. Afra avis, the Guinea-fowl, Numida meleagris. (See the legend of the name iu 
 
 Ov. Met. viii. 541, sq.) Martial calls them Numidicce guttatce (i. e. " spotted or 
 speckled) ,'•' III. lviii. 15. 
 
 54. Attagen Ionicus. Cp. Mart. xm. 61. Probably the woodcock, which abounds 
 
 in Greece and its coasts. 
 
 57. Oravi. Compare the epithet for malvce, in Carm. I. xxxi. 16, leves, i. e. " lighfc 
 of digestion." 
 
 58. Malvce. These are mentioned as humble or labourer's fare in Ov. Fast. IV. 697. 
 
 59. Terminalibus. For the honours of Terminus, see Ov. Fast. II. 640, sqq. 
 
 63. Cp. Virg. Ecl, II. 66 ; Ov. F. v. 497. 
 
 65. Ditis examen domus. Orelli cp. TibulY. II. I. 23, — ' Turbaque vernarum saturi 
 bona signa coloni.' 
 
 70. i. e. When he had called in all his money, being on the point of turning 
 farmer and applying it accordingly, he could not resist the effect of habit, and 
 the temptation of the kalends : he returned to his negotia. 
 
 The interest on loans was calculated at Rome by the month, and notices or 
 claims of payment would be made accordingly. The Ides are mentioned as 
 " a pay day," Sat. I. vi. 75. 
 
 CARM. III.— AD M^CENATEM. 
 
 An invective against garlic, as worse thanhemlock (v. 3) or poison (v. 5), or 
 the drugs of Medea or Nessus. Maecenas, apparently, in jest (jocosus, v. 20) 
 had had the vegetables seasoned with it. 
 
 3. Edit. An old form, edim,-is,-it, for edam. It occurs again in S. II. vni. 90. 
 
 Cicero has the archaisms perduint (for perdant) , duint (for dent), in Or. pro 
 Deiot. vn. 21 ; Catil. I. ix. 22. 
 
 The actual punishment of parricide is alluded to by Juvenal, Sat. VIII. 214. 
 
 4. Messorum. Virg. Ecl. II. 10, — 
 
 ' Fessis messoribns sestu 
 ' Alia serpullumque herbas contundit olentes.' 
 
 7. Mefefellit. This is to be construed with incoctus, as the Gr. eXaQsv. 
 
 9. Prceter omnes candidum. Apollo. Rh. III. 443, 918. 
 
 13. Hoc delibutis. From delibuo, a verb of the same root as the Gr. a\e!ipca. Obs. 
 that the principal idea is here exprcssed by the participle ; the subordinate 
 one, by the verb, 
 
 ib. PeJUcem, " her rival." Cp. inf. Ejpod. v. 63, where the story is givcn more 
 fully. 
 
 15. Vapor, "heat," Lucret. i. 491 ; Virg. 2En. v. 683. 
 
 16. Siticulosce. Cp. Virg. Geor. IT. 353, — ' Hiulca siti findit Canis SBstifer arva ' So 
 
 ' sitiunt herbse,' and ' sitientes Indos,' Geor. iv. 402, 425. ' Homerice 
 TroXvoiipiov ' (sc. II, S. 171.) [M.j 
 
 21. Savio, properly " the lip," as osculum, Carm. I. xiii. 15. Catullus, xcix. 2, uses 
 the diminutive saviolum, — ' Saviolum dulci dulcius ambrosia.' 
 
114 notfs ON Tiir: EP0DE8: CARM. rv 
 
 CARM. IV. 
 
 An invectivo against somc unknown pcrson, raiscd unwortliily to office. 
 (Compare Catull. Lir.) This person has bcen commonly idontified with 
 Pomp. Menas (mentioncd in the note on Carm. III. xvr. 1(5), who was, how- 
 ever, an officer of the navy, not of the army, as is implied in v. 20 : others givo 
 him the name of Vedius Eufus. Orelli quotes two inscriptions from thc 
 copies : — 
 
 (1.)' Ad Sextum Menam Pompeii libertum.' 
 
 (2.)' Vedium Pufum ex servitute miratur usurpasse equestrem dignitatem 
 usque ad tribunatum militarem.' 
 
 (On this subject see Class. Museum, vol. II. p. 208. Mr. Dyer holds that Menas 
 is the person attacked, and argues from Dio, xlviii. 25, that hc did hold 
 military as well as naval commands.) 
 
 1. Lupis et agnis. Hom. II. x- 293 ; Aristopli. Pax, 1075 ; Ov. Ihis, 43. 
 
 ib. Sortito obtigit. This phrase is from Plautus, Merc. I. n. 25. 
 
 3. Tbericis...funibus, "made of the spartum, or Spanish broom." (Comp. Qwintil. 
 Inst. 0. VIII. II.) 
 
 8. Bis trium ulnarum toga, i. e. a showy sumptuous dress, as ' amplissima veste ' 
 
 (worn by the matrons in their rejoicing), Liv. xxvn. 52. E contra. ' arta 
 toga,' Epist. I. xviii. 30. 
 
 The Scholiast quotes Cicero's sarcastic description, ' velis amictos non togis,' 
 Catil. II. 10, which corresponds to Juvenal's (x. 39) ' aulsea togae.' Bis ter is 
 found in several MSS. but it is bad Latin, and seems but a copyisfs explana- 
 tion of the figure III. or the abbreviated form bis t. Trium is a correction 
 generally adopted. 
 
 9. This may, perhaps, be properly translated thus, — " See how a free (i. e. unre- 
 
 served, undisguised) scorn alters the countenance of all who pass along." 
 All commentators, however, appear to construe ora as oculos ; vertat as synony- 
 mous with either convertat or avertat, (i. e. scorn draws all eyes on you, or 
 turns them away). But no one has adduced any instance of vedo, when uu- 
 compounded and without a preposition, bearing this meaning. 
 
 11. Cp. Anacreon, Fr. 19, — ■ 
 
 7roAAa fj.hv iu Sovpl riOels avx^ua iroXXa 5' eV rpox^, 
 7roAAa Se putou crKVTivri fxdaTiyi 6wfA.ixO(U, 
 
 vvv 8' iiri.l3a[vei craTivecov (Cp. v. 14.) 
 
 ib. Triumvirolibus. The Triumviri Capitales ('vindices rerum capitalium,' Sall. 
 Cat. 55) were charged with the execution of the penal sentences of the law. 
 This invective may in a general way be compared with that of Juvenal against 
 the elevation and insolence of the slave, — 
 
 ' Verna Canopi... 
 ' Nuper in hanc urbem pedibus qui venerat albis.' Sat. I. XXVI. 111. 
 
 12. Prceconis. It seems to have been the office of the prceco to proclaim the 
 grounds of the punishment during its infliction. Juvenal's expression (though 
 not to be confounded in meaning) may be compared, — ' Hebetes lasso lictore 
 secures.' Sat. vni. 136. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPODES : CAR2I. IV, Y. 115 
 
 15. Sedilibusque, etc. i. e. " and he is made an Eques." The sedilia prima were 
 the fourteen rows of seats behind the senators in the orchestra, assigned by L. 
 Rosc. Otho (Lex Roscia Theatralis, 67 b. c.) to the Equestrian order. Hence, 
 ' sedere in quatuordecim ' is a phrase to express taking rank as an eques. 
 See Cic. ad ftm. x. 32, — £ In quatuordecim sessum deduxit.' So Sueton. J. 
 Caisar, 39. Compare the opposite phrase, — 
 
 ' De pulvino surgat equestri, 
 ' Cujus res legi non sufficit.' Juv. Sat. iii. 154. 
 Equites could not take advantage of this law without possessing the census 
 equestris of 400,000 HS. 
 
 16. Othone contempto. There is some difficulty here. Wky is Otho said contemni, 
 unless (which no one supposes) this intruder broke the law ? Gesner and 
 Bentley ingeniously explain it ' that he was independent of the law, having 
 ' complied with its requirements.' But if we suppose (and it is a probable 
 supposition) that Otho intended to admit none but ingenui et cives into the 
 order, and that the property qualification was proposed with this view, it will 
 be clear that this elevation of wealthy base-born adventurers defeated his pur- 
 pose, and that they took their seats " in despite of, or against the spirit of, his 
 law." 
 
 17. Ora navium...rostrata J ' Sine exemplo dictum videtur.' [0.] Bentley ingenious- 
 ly conjectured aira, but unnecessarily. 
 
 19. Latrones . ..servilem manum. This is understood of the fleet of Sextus Pompeius, 
 of whom similarly Florus, IV. Vin. 2, says, — ' Quam diversus a patre ! Ille 
 * Cilicas exstinxerat, hic secum piratas navales agitabat.' Comp. inf. Epod. ix. 
 10, — ' Servis amicus perfidis.' 
 
 CAKM. V. 
 
 In this Epode is described an assembly of Neapolitan witches, meeting for 
 their magical rites : Canidia is the chief, assisted by Sagana, Veia, and Folia. 
 (They are similarly described, Sat. I. VIII. 19 — 36.) Their purpose is to com- 
 pose a charm (amoris poculum, <piXrpov) for Vai^us. (Horace represents him- 
 self in Epode XVII. as spell-bound by such a charm.) The principal act is the 
 burial of a child alive, up to the chin. (The Ode opens with an appeal to them 
 as they strip him, and closes with his curse.) The atrocity of offering 
 puerorum exta is charged by Cicero upon Vatinius, (In Vat. 6.) 
 
 Orelli quotes, from the Latin Anthology, an epitaph upon a child supposed to 
 have been so sacrificed. It may be remembered that charges of the kind were 
 not unfrequently brought, by the malignant, against the early Christians. The 
 minor ceremonies (vv. 17 — 24.) may be compared with the witch-scenes in 
 Macbeth. 
 
 1. At, o deorum. A resemblance has been traced between this passage and the 
 speech of P. Calavius in Livy, xxiii. 9. 
 
 5. Partubus...veris, "if you have really borne children." Cp. Epod. XVII. 50. 
 
 7. Commentators illustrate this from Quintil. Decl. 340, — ' Illud sacrum pra^tex- 
 ' tarum, quo sacerdotes velantur, quo magistratus : quo infirmitatem pueritiaa 
 ' sacram facimus ac venerabilem.' So [D.] cites ' custos purpui*a ' from Pers. 
 Sat. v. 30. 
 
 9. Noverca. Cp. C. III. xxiv. 18 ; and Eur. Ion, 1025, — 
 (pdovelv 7<xp cpao-L /j.r]Tpvias t4kvois. 
 
 12. Insignibus, i. e. the toga prattexta (or purpura, v. 7) and the bulla, worm by 
 children of high rank. 
 
116 NOTES ON THE EPODES : CARM. V. 
 
 13. Comp. ShaJcesp. Hcnry 17. /'/. !U. .],/ |. gfc, iv,— 
 
 ' That faoe of bis, the hungry oannibalfl 
 
 * Woukl not havc touched,' &c. 
 
 15. Tnvplicata vvperis, i. e. Hke a Fury or Gorgon. Cp. * Crinita draconibus ora,' 
 Ov. Mct. iv. 770j Vvrg. JEn. n. 281; vn. >'ri\) 1 17. 
 
 17. Caprificos. Cp. Juv. x. 145 ; Mart. X. II. 9. 
 
 20. NoctwrncB strigis, a bird of ill omcn. Sce Ovid's deacription, Faet. vi. 131, sq. ; 
 
 and compare ' strigis infames alas,' in Met. vn. 269. 
 
 21. Iolcos, in Thessaly, famous as the port from which the Argonauts sailed. 
 
 ib. Hiberia, in Pontus, between Armenia and Colchis. Virgil speaks of ' Ponto 
 lecta venena,' adding 'nascuntur plurima Ponto,' Ecl. vui. 05. 
 
 26. Avemales. Cp. Virg. ffin. iv. 512. 
 
 28. Currens, " a rushing boar." ' Furens,' Schol. There is no objection to tliis, 
 but that a mere epithet is out of place here, unless it were such an one as 
 silvestris or Laurens (Bentley's conjecture,) which might correspond to mari/n \is. 
 It is easy to see that, though joined with aper, it has reference to Sagana. 
 
 31. Ingemens, "panting, sobbing," with her exertion. Lucret s v. 210; Virgil, 
 Georg. i. 46. 
 
 34. Inemori, an unusual compound. Chishull (in Mus. Crit.) compares iva-nodvhaKiiv. 
 
 37. Exsucta, "drained out," i.e. by hunger, and the torturing expectation offood. 
 
 39. Interminato, i.e. interdicto, from inter and minor ; a rare compound, and used 
 in a passive, not (as usually) in a deponent sense. 
 
 41 . Non defuisse, i. e. adfuisse. Masculce, " unfeminine, unnatural." 
 
 43. Otiosa...Neapolis. ' In otia natam 
 
 ' Parthenopen.' Ov. Met. XV. 711. 
 
 47. Irresectum pollicem. Furies and hags seem to have been repi-esented with 
 
 long claw-like nails. So the ghost in v. 93. Cp. Sat. I. vin. 26, where the 
 witches are said l scalpere terram unguibus.' 
 
 50. Arbitn-ce. Milton has adopted this word, — ' Overhead the moon sits arbitress.' 
 
 Par. L. i. 785. 
 
 50-52. Cp. Medea's invocation, Ov. Met. vn. 192, — 
 
 ' Nox, ait, arcanis fidissima 
 
 * Tuque, triceps Hecate, qua? cceptis conscia nostris 
 ' Adjutrixque venis.' 
 
 51, 52. Comp. Slwkesp. Henry VI. Pt. II. Act IV. Sc. iv,— 
 
 ' Deep night, dark night, the silent of the night, 
 ' The time when screech-owls cry and ban-dogs howl, 
 ' And spirits walk, and ghosts break up their graves ; 
 ' That time best fits the work we have in hand.' 
 
 55 Formidolosis. Cp. Virg. Georg. IV. 468, — ' Caligantem nigra fornndine lucum.' 
 
 58. Suburance, " in the Subura," a suburb in Eome of ill-repute. 
 
 61. Compare Theocr. II. 15, — 
 
 (pdpixaKa ravT epSoiaa x^P^ ^ - ^re ti KipKas, 
 jutjtc ti M?}5etas. 
 
 69. Indormit. The sense seems to be — " his couch is anointed with charms, that 
 " should make him forget all but me ;" — cubilibus unctis- oblivione peUicum. 
 Others take it thus, — cubilibus pellicum omnium (i. e. nescio cujus) uactis 
 oblivione (scil. mei.J 
 
 71. Ah ! Ah ! An exclamation implying discovery of the truth, viz. that he isfreed 
 from her spell by some skilful enchantress. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPODES : CABM.. V, vi. 117 
 
 76. Marsis. The Marsi were famous for ma r ,'c arts. Compare ' Marsis quaesitse 
 'montibus herbae ' (and tbe context), Vvsg. 2En. VII. 758. 
 
 81. Flagres uti, etc. Virg. Ecl. VIII. 81, 83. 
 
 82. Atris is understood to denote tbe tbick smoky flaine thrown out by bitumen. 
 
 [M.] cites Ov. Met. xiv. 792, — ' fumante bitumine ;' and Virg. 2En. vn. 457, — 
 1 atro lumine fumantes taedas.' 
 
 85. Compare Eur. Hel. 630,— 
 
 iroWobs $' ev \iio~cp \6yovs e%coi' 
 
 ovk olS' oirotov irpcvTOv &p£o / ucu ra vvv. 
 
 86. Thyesteas, " sucb as Tbyestes migbt bave uttered." Comp. Oic. Tusc. i. 44, — 
 
 ' Exsecratur luculentis sane versibus apud Ennium Thyestes,' sqq. 
 
 87. Venena magnum, etc. " The great law of Divine justice cannot influence sor- 
 " ceries (i. e. sorcerers) as they can men. Therefore I will entreat no more, 
 " but exsecrate. I will not appeal to you as if you had natural feeling, and 
 " could be softened." So Orelli. But, in this construction, would not valet 
 be more Horatian than valent ? Will it not be better (while following Orelli 
 in the main points) to reverse the order, and take venena for the nom. case ? 
 Thus — ' Sorceries (and those who use them) cannot change (i. e. turn aside or 
 ' defeat) the Divine laws, as they can men and men's law. Therefore Iappeal 
 ' to them : such an appeal will draw down a wrath implacable.' 
 
 88. Humanam vicem, "in human fashion — after the manner of men." Cp. ' tuam 
 
 vicem doleo ' (Cic. Fam. xii. 23), " I grieve as if I were in your place ;" ' Sar- 
 danapali vicem mori,' Cic. Att. x. 8, " like Sardanapalus." ' Ees familiaria 
 ' obsidis vicem esse apud rempublicam videbatur.' Gell. XVI. 10. 
 
 89. Agam. So Gr. tcaKols iXavvopcaL '(" I am persecuted,") Eur. Andr. 31. 
 92-96. Comp. Ov. IUs, 145—158. 
 
 93. TJmbra. ' Omnibus umbra locis adero.' Virg. ^En. IV. 386. 
 
 99. Different, " shall tear apart." So Gr. $ia<p4poo, and 8ia(pop4a>. 
 
 100. Esquilince alites, i. e. " carrion birds of prey." There was a ' misera? plebi 
 commune sepulcrum,' (Sat. I. viii. 10) on the Esquiline, whence it is called 
 ' atras Esquilias,' Sat. II. VI. 33. (See the description in Coo~kesley' s Map of 
 Bome, and Inolex, p, 84.) 
 
 102. Effugerit. This future here may be taken as a quasi-optative. 
 
 CAEM. VI. 
 
 An invective, directed, according to an old inscription, In Cassium Severum 
 (of whom see Tacit. Ann, IV. 21) ; but this is by no means certain. Some 
 contend that Moevius is meant (comp. Epod. x.) or his fellow-poet Bavius (of 
 whom see Virg. Ecl. m. 90.) Compare Ben Jonson, ' Every Man out of his 
 
 ' Humour,* where Macilente is described as ' a lean mongrel chop-fallen 
 
 ' with barking at other men's good fortunes.' 
 
 3. Quin...vertis ? Quin, " why not ?" used interrogatively witb indicative mood. 
 
 See similar instances in Liv. I. 57, — ' Quin conscendimus ?' Virg. 2En. IV. 
 
 99, — ' Quin exercemus ?' 
 
 5. Molossus, a breed of dogs in Epirus (see Conington on Geo. ra. 405.) Compare 
 Lucret. v. 1062. 
 
 ib. Lacon. So ShaTcesp. Mids. N. Dream, Act IV. Sc. i, — 
 
 ' I was with Hercules and Cadmus once,_ 
 
 ' When in a wood of Crete they bayed the boar 
 
 ' With hounds of Sparta ' 
 
 ' My hounds are bred out of the Spartan kind.' 
 
118 NOTES ON THE EPODES : CARM, vi. vn. 
 
 6. Vis. Lucret. VI. 1221,—' Fida caVum vis.' Cp. Virg. 2E>\. IV. 132. 
 
 9. Voce complesti. Lucr. I. c, — * Latrant ct vocibus omnia complent.' 
 
 10. Projectum odoraris, " you sniff at, and are rcady to take tbe food thrown to 
 you." Cp. Cerberus in Virg. 2En. VI. 422, — ' Corripit objectam (sc offam) at- 
 quo immania terga resolvit,' sq. Without metaphor, the meaning is, — " Your 
 " show of fierceness is soon quicted by any bribe." 
 
 13. Cp. Ov. Tbis, 53, — 'In te mihi liber iambus 
 
 ' Tincta Lycambeo sanguine tela dabit.' 
 
 ib. Gener, Archilochus — of whom see Theocr. Epig. 19, — 
 
 'ApxiAoxov koL arddi Ka\ eftnSe rbv rrdXai Troirjrdv, 
 
 rbv rcov ldfx&cov, ov rb fxvpiov Kheos 
 
 hirjXde kt)tt\ vvKra Kai rror' dco' 
 r) pd /J.LV al Movaai Kal 6 Aa\ios rjydrrevv ' AiroWcav 
 
 cos e/x/xe\r]s r' eyevro Kamde^ios 
 
 eVea re rroielv irpbs Xvpav T* aelheiv. 
 
 14. Ilostis. Hipponax of Ephesus. Theocr. Ep. 21, — 
 
 6 fxovaorroibs eV0a5' '\irircovai\ Kt7rai' 
 et fxev irovrjpbs fxrj rrorepx^v rco rvfxfico' 
 €( S' iaal KprjyvSs re Kal rrapd xPV^rcvv, 
 Qapaecov Ka6i(ev, Kav deAris, c\rr6f3pi^ov. 
 
 CARM. VII.— AD POPULUM ROMANUM. 
 
 This and the 16th Epode, appealing against the madness and misery of civil 
 war, were probably written on the occasion of the first discords between 
 Antony and Octavianus and the war of Perusia, in 41 b. c. 
 3. Carm. II. i. 33. 
 
 5. Invidce. Orelli cp. Sall. Cat. 10, — c Carthago semula imperi Romani.' 
 
 6. Romanus. The singular number is poetically used in a plural or collective 
 
 sense, as in Sat. II. i. 37 ; Virg. 2En. VI. 851. 
 
 7. Bescenderet, i. e. be led in triumph down the Sacred Way. The captives in a 
 
 triumph passed along the slope to the Forum, at which point the conqueror 
 began ' in Capitolium currum flectere,' and they ' in carcerem duci.' Cic. 
 Verr. V. 30. (Cp. c sacer clivus ' in Carm. JY. II. 35, and Cookesley's ex- 
 planation in the Map and Ind.ex of Rome, p>. 24.) 
 9. Comp. Hom. II. a. 255, — 
 
 if Kev yvdrjaai Tlpia/xos 
 
 e( acpcoiv rdde irdvra irvdoiaro fxapvafxevouv. 
 
 11. Cp. Juv. xv. 159—65 ; Plin. H. N. 7, Prcef. 
 
 13. Furor...an...vis acrior, nedxly=draa6a\ir], an drr]. Vis acrior seems to be d 
 fxoipiUa dvvaais, Soph. Ant. 951 ; as, v. 17, — ' acerba fata ;' i. e. " What is it 
 " hurries us thus to destruction ? Is it a frantic infatuation of our own, or a 
 " greater force, the force of Destiny ? or the effects of guilt ?' ' The answer 
 is given in v. 17, — " It is our bitter destiny ; but that is the consequence of 
 guilt." 
 
 18. Scelus, rrpdrapxos drn, 2Esch. Ag. 1192 ; c an &yos, or cause of guilt/ inducing 
 
 successive calamities : 
 
 TTr]fxara...en\ Tr^/xaai 
 
 ovd' airaWaoaei yevedv yevos. 
 See the chorus, Soph. Antig, 585 — 598. So sacer (v. 20) is evayr)s, i.e. "en- 
 tailing a curse, and requiring expiation." 
 
 19. Remi. See the story of his death in Ov. F. iv. 837 — 52; Liv. I, 7. It is madc 
 
 an instance for argument in Cic. Olf. III. 10. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPODES : CABM. ix. 119 
 
 CAEM. IX.— AD M^CENATEM. 
 
 A triumphant celebration of the victory of Actium. 
 
 5. Tibiis . . .lyra. The lyre and fmtes were commonly used in mutual accompani- 
 ment. They are mentioned together in Horn. II. a. 495 ; Theocr, Epigr. 5 ; 
 Pindar, 01. iii. 8 ; xi. 93. There is in the British Museum a set of tibice with 
 a lyre, which were found together in a tomb at Athens. Pairs of tibice were 
 more frequently used than the single instrument. They were distinct, not 
 united in one, but the mouth-pieces were sometimes passed through a band 
 (capistrum.) Herodotus (i. 17), in speaking of the martial music of the 
 Lydians, makes mention of avpiyyav, TrrjtcTiSow, and avAov yvvaiKrftov na\ 
 avSprjiov, i. e. (probably) tibioz sinistrce et dextrce, our " treble " and " tenor." 
 The two tibice may have resembled our hautboy and bassoon. (The first is 
 the natural treble of the latter.) 
 
 6. Dorium...barbarum, The ancient music had three principal modes (i. e. scales 
 
 of different pitch), — the Dorian, Phrygian, and Lydian. Each was one tone 
 higher than the other. The Dorian was the lowest. The Phrygian (here 
 called barbarum) the next. 
 
 7. See Merivale, Hist. Bome, vol. in. ch. 27, (p. 246.) 
 
 ib. Neptunius. S. Pompey assumed the title of ' Son of Neptune.' Dio, xlviii. 19. 
 
 8. TJstis navibus. Sc. by Octavian. Dio, xlix. 10. 
 
 12. Emancipatus, " made over," as slave, or subject to. From manus, capio, as ex- 
 pressing the legal symbol for transfer of land or any property, are derived 
 manceps, " apurchaser, or owner," mancipium, " a sale, contract, or ownership," 
 or " a slave," as in E. I. vi. 39. So, res mancipi : mancipo, " I transfer or make 
 over to," as in E. II. II. 159. Hence, emancipo is properly " to give up out of 
 one's own power, to release, or free ;" and with a dative, as here, " to sell or 
 surrender." So it is used by Plaut. Bacchid. I. i. 59, — ' Tibi me emancupo : 
 tuus sum.' So by Cic. Phil. n. 21, — c Venditum atque emancipatum 
 tribunatum.' 
 
 ib. Femince, i. e. Cleopatra. 
 
 16. Conopium, " a gnat or mosquito net." KuvwTreiov, fr. Kdovwty, "agnat." Cp. 
 Propert. III. xi. 45, — ' Foedaque Tarpeio conopia tendere saxo.' 
 
 17. At hocfrementes. The readings of the MSS. are very various, — ad huc, ad hunc, 
 
 at huc ; the last having most authority. Ad hoc, " hereupon" (irpbs ravTa), is 
 one of the simplest corrections. At hoc is preferred by Orelli ; and he takes 
 hoc as the acc. after frementes, quoting Tacit. Ann. xin. 13. The sense will 
 be — " Crying out indignantly upon this, indignant at it." Cp. Virg. Mn. xl. 
 132, — ' Unoque omnes eadem ore fremebant ;' and Livy, ix. 3, — ' Cum pro 
 ingenio quisque fremerent ;' and IX. 5, — ' Hsec frementibus hora fatahs 
 ignominise advenit.' 
 
 18. Galli, i. e. the Galatian troops of Deiotarus and Amyntas, who went over from 
 Antony to Octavian. (See PlutarcKs Life of Antony.) 
 
 ib. Canentes. Compare Virg. 2En. vn. 698, — ' Ibant sequati numero regemque 
 canebant.' (Where see Forbiger.) 
 
 20. Puppes sinistrorsum citce, " backed towards the left," i. e. eastward. Puppem 
 
 ciere seems=Trpv fji.vav avaKpoveadai, " to back water." 
 
 21. Tu moraris ? i.e. " Why do you delay ? when shall Csesar celebrate his triumph ?" 
 
 22. Intoxtas. Virg. Georg. iv. 540, — ' Intacta totidem cervice juvencas.' Yictims 
 were not to have been used for any meaner purpose, that were consecrated to 
 the gods. So Hom. H. k. 293, — pe|a> fSovv ...o8jj.t)T7]v. So Odyss. y. 383. Com- 
 pare the story in Southey's Kehama, C. viii. 
 
120 NOTES ON TIIE EPODE&i CARM. IX, x. 
 
 25. Africannm. Tho reading* Africano is evidcntly a corruption. 
 
 26. This is a poetical figure, to express that the ruina of Carthage are tlio monu- 
 ment of its conqueror. Cp. Mw7i/j.a /xei/ 'EAAav ct7rao-' EvpiniSov, oorrta 5' 
 fcrxet JV MafceSwv, Gr. Anth. III. 25; and aj/-rl rdQov \ito7o 6es 'EAAdSa, i6. 
 III. 5. 
 
 27. Punico—puniceo (oldcr form pceniceo,) " scarlet." So called from the Pani, thc 
 dye being derivcd from them. (See Lachmann and Munro on Lucr. n. 829.) 
 The sense is, — " He laid aside his scarlet imperatorial mantle (paludamentum,) 
 " for the dark common military cloak (sagum") 
 
 Martial opposes the one to the other, VI. XI. 7, — 
 
 ' Te Cadmea Tyros, me pinguis Gallia vestit ; 
 
 ' Vis te purpureum, Marce, sagatus amem ?' 
 The purpureus color however was different from puniceus, or its synonym 
 coccineus, though it might in a general way be used for it ; as in S. II. VI. 
 102—106. 
 
 28. Mutavit. Lachm. I. c. ' scribendum est mutahit.' 
 
 30. Ventis...non suis, i. e. with ill luck to him, misfortune attending him. Non suis, 
 "not propitious." So, ' non meus,' Tibull. III. III. 28. Forbiger, on Virg. 2En. 
 II. 396, — ' haud numine nostro,' has many quotations to illustrate this use of 
 suus, e.g. 2En. v. 832, — ' Ferunt sua flamina classem.' So Ov. Trist. V. v. 60, — 
 'Implessent venti si mea vela sxti.' Cp. meus in Ov. Ep. xn. 81, ' Sed mihi 
 tam faciles unde meosque Deos ?' And noster in Liv. IX. 19, — ' Numquam 
 nostris locis laboravimus.' Cp. Virg. 2En. xil. 187. Cic. de Cl. Or. 1, has 
 ' alienissimo reip. tempore,' closely followed by and contrasted with ' suo magis 
 quam suorum civium tempore.' 
 
 32. Incerto mari, i. e. " with roving, uncertain course." The epithet may be taken 
 properly of the trackless, unconfined waters ; but is probably a poetic 
 hypallage for incertus. (This interpretation, ipse incertus, is written above the 
 verse in Hl. A.) The two ideas are joined in the well-known opening of 
 Byron's Corsair, These surmises as to Antony's fate show how recent and 
 incomplete was the news of the event. 
 
 34. Chia. Chian wines are intended by Virgil's 'vina Ariusia,' Ecl. V. 71; and 
 ' rex ipse Phana^us,' Geo. II. 98. 
 
 CARM. X.— IN ALaEVIUM POETAM. 
 
 An invective against Maevius. of whom see Virg. Ecl. in. 90. 
 
 4. Memento. Is there any other instance of this verb being followed by ut, in- 
 
 stead of an infinitive ? 
 
 5. Inverso. Cp. Virg. 2En. I. 43, — ' Evertitque sequora ventis.' [M.]explains this 
 
 from Virg. 2En. I. 125, — 'Imis stagna refusa vadis;' and JEn. II. 419, — ' Imo 
 Nereus ciet sequora fundo.' 
 
 13. Cum Pallas. Hom, Od. 5. 499 ; Eurip. Troad. 65, sqq. ; Virg. TEn. I. 39, — 
 
 4 Pallasne exurere classem 
 'Argivum atque ipsos potuit submergere ponto, 
 ' Unius ob noxam et furias Ajacis Oilei ? ' 
 
 22. Porrecta. ^ Bentley conj. projecta : Fea fairly objects that it is a less significant 
 word, being used of those who escape from, as well as those who die by, wreck : 
 quoting Lucr. Y, 223 ; Ov. Pont. II. m. 30. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPODES : CARM. x, xi. 121 
 
 24. Agna Tempestatibus. Cp. Virg. Mn. v. 772, — ' Tres Eryci vitulos et Tempestati- 
 bus agnam,' (cp. Ib. m. 120 ;) in v. 776 occnrs the sacrificial word porricit, 
 making a singnlar correspondence with this passage. Compare further Ov. 
 Fast. VI. 193,— 
 
 * Te quoque, Tempestas, meritam delnbra fatemnr, 
 ' Cnm paene est Corsis obrnta classis aqnis.' 
 (This refers to the dedication of a temple to Tempestas by Scipio after his 
 conqnest of Corsica in B. c. 259.) 
 
 CARM. XI.— AD PETTIUM. 
 
 1. Pettius. Nothing is known of this friend of Horace. 
 
 4. In pueris. Cp. phrase and construction in Ov. Met. VII. 21, — * Quid in hospite, 
 regia virgo, ureris ?' Cp. Carm. I. xvit. 19, 'inuno;' Virg. JEn, II. 541, ' in 
 hoste.' 
 
 6. Honorem decutit. Virg. Georg. II. 404. 
 
 8. Fabula. ' Fabula, nec sentis, tota jactaris in urbe. 5 Ov. Am. III. I. 21. 
 ' Eabula fias,' Epist. I. xin. 9. E contrar. Ov. Trist. IV. x. 68, — ' Xomine sub 
 nostro fabula nulla fuit.' 
 
 10. Latere, etc. i.e. "sighs." Cp. Shahesp. As You Like It, Act II. Sc. vn, — 'The 
 lover sighing like furnace.' And again, Tb. Act V. Sc. n, 
 
 ' To love ! 
 ' It is to be all made of sighs and tears.' 
 
 ib. Petitus.. Plaut. Cistell. I. i. 57, — ' Hoc sis vide : ut petivit suspirium alte ! ' 
 Call. Ep. xlv. 1, — 
 
 oij avirjpbu 
 Trvedfxa dia. crrr\d{.u>v, eiSes, avvyayero. 
 
 11. Nil valere. The infinitive by itself, generally, as here with the interrogative ne, 
 
 expresses emotions of surprise or indignation. So Virg. 2En. I. 37. 
 
 12. Querebar. The complaint is that of Tibullus, II. iii. 49 j and Anacreon 
 
 (Anacreontea, 31), — 
 
 ffocpiv, rpoiros, iraT€?Tai, 
 fj.6vov &pyvpov fiX&Trovaiv. 
 
 13. Inverecunduns deus, scil. ' aperit praecordia Liber.' Sat. I. iv. 89. Cp. Carm. 
 
 III. xxi. 16. Contr. ' verecundum Bacchum,' Carm. I. xxvii. 3. 
 
 15. Inodstuet. This is the reading of some editions, -with little MS. authority. It 
 would mean, — " But if this is a free and high-spirited resentment that is boilino- 
 in my breast," &c. But v. 11 implies, not that he feels anger, but only 
 threatens it in idle despair. 
 
 16. Libera bilis. Nearly K. Leo.r^s phrase, Act II. Sc. IV : 
 
 ' Touch me with noble anger, 
 ' And let not women's weapons, water-drops, 
 { Stain my man's cheeks.' 
 
 17. Fomenta, i. e. my sighs and complaints. Like its verb foveo, it corresponds 
 
 properly to the metaphor volnus. 
 
 18. Imparibus, " unequal to me," viz. in character and talents (' candido ingenio ' 
 
 v. 12). Some construe it, " My more successful rivals, with whom I contend 
 on unequal terms :" but impo.r, when used of persons, denotes inferiority. 
 
 ib. Summotus pudor, i. e. d.esinam summoto pud.ore. 
 
122 NOTES ON TIIE EPODEB : OAEM. xi— xm. 
 
 19. Ubi hcec...lo.udaverori), "when I had manfully exprcsscd this detcrmination, I 
 " could not maintain it." ' Cum bene juravi pes tamen ipse redit.' Tibull. II. 
 VI. 14. 
 
 ib. Te palam. Used like coram te, u openly in your presence." Orelli cites Ov. Trist. 
 V. x. 39, — ' Meque palam.' 
 
 CABM. XII. 
 
 4. Sagacius unus, This usage of unus with a comparative, not a snperlative, is 
 very rare. Orelli quotes Wagner on Virg. 2En. i. 15. 
 
 7. Vietis. The e is long : but see Munro on Lucr. i. 360. 
 
 CAEM. XIII.— AD AMICOS. 
 
 2. Jovem, Cp. Carm. I. i. 25 ; XVI. 12 ; III. x. 8. Juppiter is identified with patcr 
 JEther, Lucret. I. 251 ; and so Virg. Georg. n. 325. See Eur. Frag. Inc. 1, — 
 opas rbv vrpov t6vS' aitzipov aldepa. 
 Ka\ "yrjv iripit, exovO' vypals iv ayKaKais 
 toitov v6fxi£e Zrjva, r6vft rjyov 6e6v. 
 Cicero, in N. D. i. 15, after declaring the Stoic doctrine, ' ipsum mundum 
 Deum esse,' goes on thns, — ' Idem (sc. Chrysippus) disputat, a^thera esse eum 
 *quem homines Jovem appellarent,' etc. Comp. Acad. n. 41. He gives a 
 section to the subject, N. D. II. 25. 
 
 4. Virent, " are fresh," i. e. in their health and strength. So ' viridis senectus,' 
 Virg. JEn. VI. 304. irovqv ti Se? as (i. e. ecas) yovv x^P^v, Theocr. XIV. 70. 
 For the general sentiment, comp. Theogn. 977, — 
 
 TavT iaopcijv Kpadlrj eu Trzicrouat ocppa t £\a<ppa 
 yovvara, k. t. K. 
 
 5. Obducta. . .fronte, " the clouded brow." Cp. Eur. Hijpp. 173, — arvyvbv ocppvuv 
 vecpos. 
 
 11. Centaurus, i. e. ' Chiron, SiKadraTOs KevTavpuv,' 1 Hom. II. K. 832. [0.] 
 
 ib. Alu-mno. Cp. Eurip. Iph. Aul. 926, — 
 
 iyoo 8' (Acliilles loq.J iv avopbs ivaefiecrTaTOv Tpa(p*\s 
 Xe(pa>vos euadov tovs Tpoirovs arrKovs ^X elu - 
 
 13. Assaraci. Hom. II. v. 232, 239. ' Domus Assaraci,' Virg. 2En. I. 284. 
 
 ib. Frigida. For the propriety of this epithet, Homer (II. x- 151) is quoted. 
 
 ib, Parvi. This adjective is at variance with Hom. II. y. 73, u4yas ir6rauos 
 fiaBvDivris. But [0.] shows that the conjectures proposed instead of it are 
 worth little. And see the dissertation in Gladsione's Homer, vol. III. p. 514, on 
 the difference between the Virgilian and Homeric descriptions of these two 
 rivers. 
 
 14. Lubricus, " gliding, rapid." Cp. Ov. Fast. IV. 337. 
 
 15. Certo subtemine. Subtemen (in form corr. to examen for exagmen) is for 
 subtegmen or subteximen, from texo, — the "woof or main texture and body 
 of the web woven." Cp. the description in Ov. Met. vi. 56, — ' Inseritur medium 
 radiis subtemen.' Here it may be construed simply " the thread of fate." 
 Cp. CatuU. lxiv. 328, — ' Currite ducentes subtemina, currite fusi.' The 
 original of Gray's (The Bard, ver. 49) — ' Weave the warp, and weave the woof.' 
 
 18. Dulcibus alloquiis, "the sweet solace." Cp. Liv. IX. 6, — ' Yultusque benigni et 
 alloquia.' 
 
NOTES ON THE EPODES : CARM. xiv, XV. 123 
 
 CAEM. XIV.— AD M^ECENATEM. 
 
 1. Imis...sensibus. The same plirase is found in Virg. Ecl. iii. 54. 
 
 4. Traxerim, " quaffed ;" an uncommon signification of traho. Doering quotes 
 one instance of it from Valer. Flacc. III. 609. ISTo doubt Horace substituted 
 the word for the more usual duxerim, on account of the preceding ducentia. 
 It is found in a kindi^ed phrase, viz. ' auras ore tmhit,' Ov. Met. n. 230 ; and cor- 
 responds to the Gr. <eKkw, kKKva, as in Eur. Oycl. 417 ; Ion, 1200. 
 
 7. Olim promissum. ' De hoc toto libro accipe qui nunc Epodon inscribitur 
 
 ' significat magnam fuisse hominum de his Epodis expectationem/ Bentl. 
 See the inference, a cumulative argument against part of Bentley's Chronology, 
 drawn from this verse, in Class. Mnseum^ vol. n. p. 209. 
 
 8. Ad umbilicum adducere, i.e. " to complete." The umbilici or cornua (Ov. Tri.^t. 
 
 I. i. 8) were bosses upon the end of the rollers on which the sheet of the 
 volumen was rolled. Therefore, as evolvere librum is " to open or begin," ad 
 umbilicum venire, or ducere, is " to come or bring to a close." Mart. IV. xciv. 2. 
 
 11. Cava testudine...amorem. Cp. Virg. Georg. iv. 464. 
 
 13. Ureris, "you are in love," sc. with Terentia. Cp. the comphmentary mention 
 in C. II. XII. 13, sqq. We have no clear information as to the time of Msecenas' 
 marriage. If the dates of the various odes could be established, they might 
 afford a clue. C. II. xn. implies a recent marriage ; this Epode a courtship, 
 and a successful one. 
 
 ib. Quod si, etc. " But think yourself a fortunate man, since Helen was not more 
 beautiful." 
 
 CARM. XV.— AD NE^HAM. 
 
 3. Numen laswra, i. e. by faithlessness, perjury. (Compare the Ode to Barine, 
 
 Carm. II. vm.) Cp. Ov. Her. II. 43. Virg. Ecl. viii. 19, — ' Divos, quamquam 
 nil testibus illis Profeci.' 
 
 4. In verba jurabas. This phrase seems properly used of repeating the military 
 oath. ' Citati mihtes apud trib. mil. in verba P. Scipionis jurarunt.' Liv. 
 XXVIII. 29. So, conversely, prceire verba, "to prescribe the form of oath," or 
 prcecipere, as in Liv. I. 59, — ' Ut prgeceptum erat jurant.' Cp. Ov. A. A. i. 687, 
 — ' Jurabant omnes in laesi verba mai-iti.' Jurare in verba (Epist. I. i. 14) is 
 used of adopting a particular teacher's rules. 
 
 5. Artius atque, " clinging closer than the ivy to the oak." Cp. ShaJcespeare, Mids. 
 
 Night, Act IV. Sc. I : 
 
 ' The female ivy so 
 ' Enrings the barky fingers of the elm.' 
 
 3 5. Nec semel offensm, <l nor will my resolution yield to your charms, when once I 
 " have taken offence at, or dislike to, them." Offensus is used together and 
 synonymously with invisus by Cicero, pro Sest. 58. 
 
 16. Certus...dolor, " a settled resentment." Intrarit, sc. me : others have under- 
 stood te, and interpreted the line as=si te pcenituerit. This would give a less 
 proper sense to dolor. 
 
 17. Tibull. I. v. 69, — ' At tu, qui potior nunc es, mea fata timeto.' 
 
 2 2 
 
124 NOTES ON TIIE EP0DE8: OABM. xv, xvi. 
 
 19 — 22. Cp. (on a different subject) Tyrtaus, Eleg, — 
 
 ovS y tl TidcovoTo (pvrji/ xap^VTfpos ftrj 
 TlXovToiw 5e M/3ea> Ka\ Kivvptd) fiddiov. 
 
 20. PactohlS. ' Vicinus Sardibus amnis,' " impregnated with pold by Midas " Ov. 
 Met. xi. 137. 
 
 CARM. XVI.— AD POPULUM EOMANUM. 
 
 This is one of the most remarkable of all Horace's poems, both in its 
 political and its poetic character. Politically considered, the sentiments of 
 despair and the proposal of abandoning Italy are foreign (as Walckenaer re- 
 marks, vol. I. p. 82, livr. II. 16) to the true Roman temper, and imply an ex- 
 tinction of the old republican spirit. A proposal, indeed, of the kind had 
 found supporters after the defeat at Cannae ; but it was checked at once (Liv. 
 xxii. 53), and punished afterwards by the Censor (Liv. xxiv. 18.) These 
 sentiments contrast strongly with those of other odes ; e. g. C. III. III. in 
 which, after eulogies on an undaunted and constant mind, the poet is thought 
 to be protesting against any translation of the imperial power of Rome ; or 
 those in which one ruler and one restorer of law and order is recognised, 
 honoured, and trusted ; as in C. I. II. 25, sqq. ; C. III. IV. 37, sqq. ; III. xxiv. 
 27. In this Epode the appeal lies to the community and the general opinion 
 (yv. 15, 39.) And this view of the poem falls in with the very early date 
 assigned to it, — a date when the poet was at the lowest ebb of his fortunes, 
 and saw nothing but despair ; or, if he had just begun to recover himself, and 
 congratulate himself on his personal escape and his return to Rome, he might 
 shudder at a fresh outbreak of war, and the possible reversal of all hopes of 
 public or private welfare. Walckenaer infers an early date for the poem, from 
 the character of the poetry, He finds indications of a youthful unpractised 
 author in the extent of details, the length and luxuriance of description. He 
 allows, however, that ' le grand poete s'y montre tout entier.' The metre chosen, 
 a combination of hexameter and pure senarian iambic, has a stately harmony, 
 suited to grave, earnest thoughts, and passing no less easily into a flow of 
 happy aspirations. ' Cette ode dut plaire a ces ames genereuses et douces qui, 
 ' dans les maux de leur patrie, ne trouvent de distractions a leur tristesse que 
 ' dans les reves de la poesie et dans les fantaisies de rimagination.' There is 
 a fine paraphrase and application of the latter part of this Epode in the Eev. 
 Isaac Williams' Christian Scholar. 
 
 1. Altera... cetas, "a second generation." Altera jam aetas inde a Sulla.' [0.] 
 
 2. Suis...viribus. ' Hoc est quod Titus Livius ait (in his Preface), ' ut magnitu- 
 
 dine laboret sua. 5 V. Schol. This phrase means more than sua rnagnitudiney 
 especially if compared with v. 9 : it is equivalent to the line, C. III. vin. 19, — 
 ' Infestus sibi luctuosis dissidet armis.' [0.] quotes Manil. I. 910 ; IV. 43. 
 [M,] quotes Lucan, I. 3, — 
 
 ' Populumque potentem 
 ' In sua victrici conversum viscera dextra. 
 
 And Liv. xxx. 44, — ' Magna civitas. si foris hostem non habet, domi invenit : 
 
 c ut praevalida corpora...suis ipsa viribus onerantur.' 
 
 3. Quam neque, etc. Comp. Tacitus (Rist. III. 72) on the burning of the Capitol, — 
 
 ' Nullo externo hoste quam non Porsena dedita urbe, neque Galli capta, 
 
 ' temerare potuissent, furore Principum exscindi.' 
 
 5. JEmida Copuce, i. e. Capua which aspired to rivalry with Eome. Liv. 
 
 xxin. 1, sqq. (Arnold's Hist. ch. xliv. p. 156.) It is called altera RomtL in 
 Cic. Phil. xn. 3. The name Capua is derived by Yirgil from Capys, 2En. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPODES: CABM. xvi. 125 
 
 x. 145. Livy (iv. 37) gives Vulturnum as the original name ; deriving Capua 
 ' vel ab duce eorum Capye, vel...a campestri agro.' Twiss' note makes 
 Vultumum the Latin equivalent of Co/pua, Capys being Tuscan for vultur, and 
 the name being derived from some augury. If so, there is a resemblance to 
 the legend of Rome. 
 
 6. " Faithless in times of revolution." The allusion is to the conduct of the 
 Allobroges in and after the Catilinarian conspiracy. 
 
 7. Ccerulea...pube. Tacit. Germ. 4, — ' Omnibus (sc. Germanis) truces et caerulei 
 ' oculi, rutilee comae, magna corpora.' Cp. Juv. xiii. 164, The allusion is to 
 the Cimbric war of Marius. 
 
 8. Parentibus abominatus. Carm. I. I. 24. Hom. II. p. 37, — apvrhv Se roKsvai 
 
 y6ou Kal TrevQos eOvicas. Comp. Virg. 2En. XI. 217. 
 
 10. Comp. Shakesp. Henry IV. Pt. 2, Act IY. Sc. iv, — ' Thou wilt be a wilderness 
 again, peopled with wolves, thy old inhabitants.' 
 
 12. Eques...ungula. See Heyne's note on Virg. Geor. in. 116, — ' Equitem docuere 
 
 ' sub armis Insultare solo.' 
 
 13. Carent, i. e. " are protected from," (in their tomb.) 
 
 15. This sentence is equivocal in construction. Orelli paraphrases thus, — ' Quid 
 ' adjumento sit ad carendum laboribus.' There is, perhaps, no other instance 
 of expedio taking this usage and syntax ; though, if we compare impedio, its 
 exact opposite (which admits an infinitive, and accusative, as in Ov. ex Pon. 
 I. i. 21 ; and Cic. de Orat. i. 163,) there seems some analogy for it. [G.] 
 explains carere as an infinitive, used, as in Greek, substantively ; quoting 
 ' adimam cantare,' E. II. v. 68, Bentley approves a conjectural reading, — * quod 
 expediat,' taken parenthetically. Others have understood it thus, — ' Quo^ritis 
 c. quid expediat, aut m. p. quceritis carere. If this were admitted, it would be 
 better to join the adverb with expediat ;=" if you are seeking what may tend 
 " to the general welfare, or, hopeless of that, are seeking for the better part a 
 " refuge from calamity," etc. But the first explanation seems the most ap- 
 proved. 
 
 ib. Forte...quceritis, i. e. siforte, answered by sit. " If you ask...no resolve can be 
 " better=let us resolve...to go." 
 
 ib. Quiol expediat...carere, "what may help you to get free from." 
 
 ib. Communiter aut melior pars, as below, v. 36, — ' omnis civitas aut pars.' " All, 
 or the worthier part." 
 
 18. Exsecrata, " under a vow or curse." The history is given in Herod. i. 165. 
 
 24. Batem occupare, i. e. " to embark at once." ' 
 
 27. Quando—siquando, implying no time. Cwtn, if used here, would imply a time 
 when the thing would come to pass. 
 
 31. Subsidere, " to pair with." Cp. Virg. Ecl. VIII. 27, — c Jungentur jam gryphes 
 ' equis.' And with v. 34 compare Archil. Fragm. 69, (' On the Eclipse.') 
 
 33. Bavos. ' Yidetur expressisse Homericum. Od. \. 611, — x«/' 07ro ' T€ Aeoi/T€s\ [O.] 
 
 Cp. Liddell and Scott in voce. Bavus is specially applied to the eyes. Donald- 
 son disputes this sense of x a P 07r 6s, in N. Cratylus, 282. 
 
 34. Levis. ' Factus instar piscis cum natura villosus sit.' [0.] 
 
 35. Hcec, cognate accus. after exsecrata. Cp. ' hsec ubi deflevit ' (" when he had thus 
 
 vented his grief,") Virg. Mn. xi. 59. 
 
 38. Perprimat—perpetuo preniat. 
 
 41. Beata...arva. Virg. 2En. vi. 638, — 
 
 ' Locos laetos, et amoena virecta, 
 ' Fortunatorum nemorum sedesque beatas.' 
 
12G NOTES ON Tiu; &PODES: CABM. xvi, xvn. 
 
 Comparo tho conclusion of MiUori'» Comus, — 
 ' To tho Ocean now I fly, 
 
 * And those happy climos, that lie 
 
 * Where Day never shuts his eye.' 
 
 [0.] supposes this mention of the wrva beata and this sentiment to be, as it 
 wcrc, taken from what Plutarch relates of Sertorius, § IX, — Zpoora Qavfxacrrbv 
 %ax iv olKrjcrai ras (MaKapojv) vrjaovs, k. r. A. 
 
 44. Imputata, as inarata, " needing no cultivation." (Compare with this descrip- 
 
 tion generally, Virg. Ecl. IV.) 
 
 45. Numquam fallentis. Cp. Virg. Geo. n. 4G7, — ' Nescia fallere vita' (which pro- 
 bably means not disappointing.) 
 
 ib. Termes. ' Dicitur extremus ramus olivaj, sicut vitium palmes.' V. Sch. a/p. Gesn. 
 
 46. Suam, emphatic. Cp. ' non sua poma ' (said of the grafted tree,) Virgil, 
 Geo. II. 82. 
 
 48. Pede. Used of water, in Lucret. V. 273, — ' Qua via secta semel liquido pede 
 ' detulit undas ;' a line imitated by Virg. Cul. 17, — ' Liquido pede labitur 
 unda.' 
 
 51. Cp. Virg. Geo. m. 537,— 
 
 'Non lupus insidias explorat ovilia circum, 
 ' Nec gregibus nocturnus obambulat.' 
 
 ib. Vespertinus, i. e. vespere, as nocturnus in this quotation. There is the same 
 usage in Sat. II. IV. 17. Virg. 2En. vin. 4G5, — ' .ZEneas se matutinus agebat.' 
 
 ib. Ursus. Cp. Ov. Met. vn. 546, — ' Armentis incurrere fortibus ursi.' 
 
 54. Radat. The same verb is used of the dry cold north wind in Sat. II. vl. 25. 
 The general description. is modelled on Hom. Od. S. 566,— 
 ov vi(perbs ovr ap x €l / J -& }l/ to\vs ovre iror' 6/j.{5pos t 
 aAA' aUl Ze<pvpoio Aiyv irvtiovras arjras 
 wKtavbs avirjcriv ava\pvx*iv avOpdnrovs. 
 
 59. Huc.torserunt cornua, " have turned their sails hitherward." Cp. Virg. 2En. 
 III. 549, — ' Cornua velatarum obvertimus antennarum ;' i. e. " we turn our 
 sails seaward ; we set sail." Cornua, " the tips of the sail-yards." 
 
 ib. Sidonii, i. e. " Phcenician mariners." OrelH compares the Homeric epithet 
 QoiviKts TroXvTraiiraXoi (" craffcy,") Odyss. o. 419. The sense is (vv. 57-60,) " no 
 vice nor toil reaches those happy shores." 
 
 CAEM. XVII.— IN CANIDIAM. 
 
 A fresh satire upon Canidia, under the form of a submission and recantation. 
 
 1. Do manus, " I surrender." Orelli quotes Lucr. II. 1042, — ' Dede manus, aut si 
 falsum est accingere contra.' Cp. Ov. Trist. I. III. 8, — ' Dedit victas utilitate 
 manus,' (i. e. " she yielded to expediency.") This phrase is used in prose also, 
 C&sar, B. G. V. 31. " To give the hand" is a phrase found in the Old Test. 
 E, V., as in Jer. i. 15. 
 
 5. Refixa cceZo. A phrase applied to shooting stars or meteors in Virg. 2En. V. 527. 
 
 7. Retro solve. Retro, if joined with solve, may be understood of the reverse action 
 of the wheel, when tbe pulleys that whirl it are detached, or (which intleed is 
 much the same thing) the undoing the charm. But it seems better to join it 
 with citum, taken as a participle, not as an adjective. Then the constr-uction 
 Tvill be=' cie retro, ac solve,' i. e. " whirl it back, and let it rest." Citus is a 
 participle in Ep. ix. 20 ; Lucret. I. 997 ; II. 85. Lambinus, to avoid joining 
 retro, which implies motion, with solvo, a verb of rest, conjcctured volve. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPODES : CARM. xvn. 
 
 7, Turbinem, "the magic wheel," the ?vy£ of Theocr. n. 17; also described thq 
 in v. 30, as p6/JL&os xaA/ceos. 
 
 8. Telephus, son of Hercules. See Ov. Bem. Am. 46, — 
 
 ' Vulnus in Hercnleo quae quondam fecerat hoste, 
 ' Vnlneris auxilium Pehas hasta tulit.' 
 
 11. Unxere, i. e. they recovered his corpse. The aXeicpetv Kt-n ? eXaicc, (Rom. II. cr. 
 350) was one of the principal funeral ceremonies. Cp. Virg. 2En. VI, 219 ; Ov. 
 F. iv. 853. 
 
 ib, Addictum, " given over ; abandoned (in intention) to." 
 
 12. Homicidam. avSpocp6voio, Hom. II. a, 242. 
 
 15. Exuere pellibus. See Hom. Odyss. k. 393, — 
 
 tc2v S' eK fj.ev fxeXeCcv Tpixes eppeov, k.t.X. 
 
 ib. Pellibus. Pellis' is the hide of animals, not the human skin, tkough satirically 
 nsed for it in v. 22 ; as in Juvenal's description of old age (x. 192), — ' deformem 
 pro cute pellem.' 
 
 22. Ossa. Bentley reads ora, which would suit well with verecundus color, but not 
 with pelle amicta. The sense is identical with that of Plautus, Capt. I. II. 25, — 
 ' Macesco, consenesco, et tabesco miser, 
 ' Ossa atque pellis sum miser macritudine.' 
 And so Theocr. II. 88, — 
 
 Kai fiev XP^ S A i€I/ ofJ-oios eyiveTo iroWaKi 6d\pca, 
 eppevv 8' €/c KecpaXas iracrai Tpix^s, avTa Se Aonrct 
 bcTTe' ct' tfs Kal depfia. 
 
 27. Negatum...credam, " I am forced to believe what I have always denied." The 
 
 syntax accords with the rule, that credo and the like verbs have a dative of 
 the person, an accnsative of the thing, (e. g. in Ter. Ad. Act III. Sc. II. 330, — 
 ' Quid jam credas, aut cui credas ?' ). But it will be hard to find an instance 
 parallel to this one. (The case of pronouns is different.) 
 
 28. Sabella. ' Sabella carmina pro Marsis posuit :' Schol. 
 
 ib. Increpare, " to sound or strike against :" here, " to touch (and overpower) the 
 mind." 
 
 29. Marsa...nenia. Ov. A. A. n. 102, — ' Mixtaque cum magicis nenia Marsa sonis.' 
 ib. Dissilire, i. e. "be racked to bnrsting." 
 
 30. Ter. Ad. 790, — ' O caehim, O terra, O maria Neptuni ! ' The reading et terra is 
 that of all the good MSS. Orelli's objection ' misei^e languet ' does not, I 
 think, apply to the double phrase, as it would to the Terentian line. 
 
 31. Quantiim...Hercules. Cp, Soph. Trach. 840, — 
 
 Necrcrov 9' viro cpovia 
 8oh6fJ.v6a KevTp* eiri^eaavTa. 
 Cp. too the descriptive speech, vv. 1046 — 1106. 
 
 33. Virens. Explained by some as inextincta, and compared with Lucret. I. 899, 
 ' flammai flore ;' bnt by Orelli as expressing the colour of the sulphnrous flame 
 of the volcano, — ' colore inter gilvnm viridem et caeruleum medio.' Some 
 MSS. have urens, and a few furens, which is adopted and illustrated by 
 Bentley. 
 
 36. Qu-od. . .stipendium, " what further fine or penalty will yon impose ?" 
 
 40. Here the poet proposes to deify the sorceress (stellis inserere, C. III. XXV. 6.) 
 Then he appeals to her by the example of the Dioscuri : then, by ironical 
 recantations, he charges her with low birth (v. 46), witchcraft (47), foul 
 cruelty (49), and supposititious births. 
 
 ib. Voles sonari. Cp. (withont the sarcasm) Ov. Am. I. x. 60, — 
 
 1 ' Celebrare puellas • 
 
 ' Dos mea ; qiiam volui nota fit arte mea.* 
 
123 NOTES ON THE EPODES : CABM. xvn. 
 
 42, Infnniix Hi>lcnce...vicem, "on acconnt of fcne defamation of Helen." Viet ig tho 
 general MS. rcading. Orolli (after Bentley) adopte vicem, and confirms it, as 
 the Latin nsage, by a seriee of quotationa. Bentley qnotee I/i/v. vm. 35, — 
 
 ' Tribunos suam jam vicem magis anxios.' Cp. ' An illius vioem doles ?' (in 
 Sulpicius' lettor,) Cic. Fam. iv. 5. 
 41. Vati, i.e. Stesichorus. (The story is given in Plato, Pha-drus, XLiv. p. 243, with 
 a quotation from the TraAivcfoia.) He was said to have satirised Helen ; to 
 have been struck blind by the Dioscuri ; then, upon his recantation, to have 
 been healed by them. In recanting, he is said to have invented or adopted 
 the tale, that Helen was never cai^ried to Troy, but only her (tSuXov, according 
 to the Egyptian legend of Herod. n. 118, and the Helena of Euripides. 
 Cp. Ov. A. A. Iii. 49, — ' Probra Therapnsese qui dixerat ante maritae, 
 ' Mox cecinit laudes prosperiore lyra.' 
 
 47. So Ovid (Ep. vi. 89) describes Medea's sbrceries, — 
 
 ' Per tumulos errat 
 
 ' Certaque de trepidis colligit ossa rogis.' 
 
 48. Novendialis, i. e. " recently buried." Servius, on Virg. Mn. v. 64, notes that 
 anciently a dead man ' ad domum suam referebatur, et illic septem erat diebus, 
 ' octavo incendebatur, nono sepeliebatur.' The number of nine days was held 
 sacred with regard to the rites of sepulture. So in Virgil, l. c. ; and 2En. V. 
 762. So in Ovid, Fast. v. 413,— 
 
 ' Nona dies aderat, cum tu, justissime Chiron, 
 ' Bis septem stellis corpora cinctus eras.' 
 Cp. vv. 439, 443, novies. So probably in Virg. Geor. iv. 544. Cicero men- 
 tions (ad Qu. Fr. in. 5) ' Novendialibus feriis.' The same number is found in 
 other solemn ceremonies, as the expiatory ' Novendiale sacrum ' in Liv. I. 31. 
 So with the Greeks, ra ivvara ; and, perhaps, the nine days of the Eleusinian 
 mysteries has a connection with the same idea. 
 
 50. Tuusque venter, Sfc. " And Pactumeius is really your son ; and the midwife 
 " has true, not deceptive proofs of the birth, whenever you have become a 
 " mother." 
 
 56. Ut, " What ? Are you to deride with impunity," &c. ? This elliptical use of 
 
 ut occurs again, Sat. II. v. 18. Soin Liv. iv. 2, — ' Illine ut impune con- 
 
 ' citent.' 
 
 ib. Cotyttia, a Thracian festival, notorious for its licentiousness, in honour of a 
 goddess Cotys or Cotytto. 
 
 58. " The priest or president of the witch rites on the Esquiline." An invidious 
 term, substituted for " a witness of them," as he implies himself to have been 
 in Sat. I. viil. and for which he is reproached again, v. 77, by the epithet 
 curiosus. 
 
 60. " What use would it be to me, to have feed the witches of the JSTorth (comp. 
 v. 29,) and to have learnt their arts ?" 
 
 62. Cp. Eur. Hipp. 1047, — raxvs yap aSws pacrros avSpl dvcrvx^. Comp. Southei/s 
 Kehama, C, 2, — ' And thou shalt seek Death 
 * To relieve thee in vain,' &c. 
 
 65. Infidi. This is explained of Pelops' treachery to his charioteer Myrtilus (Eur. 
 Or. 984.) Others read infidus, i. e. ' qui prodiderit commissa fide,' who had 
 divulged the secrets of Jupiter. Eur. Or. 9, — aKoXaaTov e<rxe yhwao-av. 
 
 71. Pectus...recludere % Virg. Mn. x. 601. 
 
 76. Cereas imagines. Theocr. n. 28 ; Virg. Ecl. vin. 80 ; Ov. Ep. vi. 91, — 
 ' Devovet absentes simulacraque cerea figit, 
 ' Et miserum tenues in jecur urget acus.' 
 This pi*ocess of witchcraft was imputed to the Duchess of Gloucester in 
 Henry VIth's reign, as used against him. (Hume's England, ch. XX.) 
 79. Excitare, i.e. " reanimate." ' Tumulo prodire jubebitur umbra.' Ov. Rem. Am. 253. 
 81. Plorem...exitus, i. e. " shall my acts have no results or power upon you ?" 
 
Q. HORATI FLACCT SATIRAE. 
 LLBER PRIMUS. 
 
 SA.TIRE I. 
 
 The general subjeet is Covetousness, which (it is implied) originates in 
 Discontent, and issues commonry in Avarice. These two principles or passions 
 are treated of in order. 
 
 The question is proposed, and examples given, with a test (xm. 15-19) of 
 the sincerity of grumblers. Then (vv. 28, 29), as to the hardships which are 
 endured, they are so fat least professedly) in the hope of an eventual pro- 
 vision and repose. Xot so with the miser. His toil has no end in prospect, 
 and no present fruit (vv. 38 — 91.) The necessity for a truer principle of life 
 is inferred (v. 92) ; its foundation in right reason asserted (vv. 106 — 7.) 
 But the majority of men push on with the restless competition of a race (vv. 
 113-116.) Therefore it is that they cannot look back to Hfe with satisfaction, 
 nor to death with equanimity (vv. 117 — 119.) 
 
 1 — 3. XJt nemc.vivat, laudet...? i. e. 'utnemo vivat (quisque) laudet.' Though 
 the first clause contains the negative form of expression, the afiirmative notion 
 only is to be supplied to the second. So below, v. 109, — ' Nemo se probet ac 
 potius laudet.' The construction may be found sometimes in English ; but it 
 is due rather to accident than idiom, where it occurs. Sydney Smith (Moral 
 Phil. Lect. XI.) says, — ' Ko one would laugh to see a Httle child fall. and would 
 ' be shocked to see such an accident happen to an old man, or his father.' 
 Elmsley has a note on it; see Soph. (Ed. Tyr. 211, where the sentence begins 
 with airavSoo, and is continued with Ke\eva> understood. Cicero has a noted 
 
 instance of this usage, de Orat. in. 11, — ' Nemo extulit (" no one extols a 
 
 speaker for speaking intelligibly to his audience,") sed contempsit,' etc. (" but 
 all despise one who cannot do so.' ? ) Also, pro Rosc. Com. 2, — ' Adversaria in 
 
 judicium protulit nemo : codicem protulit.' Cp. Liv. xxvi. 2, — ' Ut nemo 
 
 essent.' So Virg. 2E>\. i. 674, — 
 
 ' Xe quo se numine mutet, 
 ' Sed magno iEneae mecum teneatur amore,' (i. e. ' ut teneatur.') 
 
 2. BaMo dederit ..fors dbjecerit. The correspondence of dederit with raiio (i.e. 
 " Providence, or design,") and of oojecerit with fors (i.e. " accident, or chance,") 
 is to be marked : the first phrase may be held to represent the Stoic 
 theory, and the second the Epicurean theory of the government of the world* 
 
 4. Mercatores, "traders, ship-owners." auepes a\<b-q(rra{. Horn. ; 
 
130 NOTE8 ON Tlli: 8ATIBE8 : BOOK l 8AT. i. 
 
 4. (Iravis onnis. Cp. avv yripa fiapvs, Boph. (Ed. T. 17; and Virg. Mn. IX. 246. 
 Irmis, it should be observcd, is "yeara oSservice" 
 
 8. The idea is perhaps taken from the scntiment of Ajax, in Horn. II. o. 511. 
 
 9. Juria legumque. A natural double phrase, nsed again in E. I. xvi. 41, to 
 
 signify all law, abstract or general, and specific : jus expresses " common law, 
 national law, natural rights ;" lex is " a law, a statute." Cicero (de Legg. I. 6) 
 defines lex as that which ' scripto sancit quod vult aut jubendo aut vetando.' 
 Their various and distinctive meanings are given fully, and with instances, in 
 Adam's Roman Antiquities, p. 181, sqq. 
 
 10. Galli cantum. rov opBpiov vSfxov, Arist, Eccl. 741 ; Av. 489. ipvix^s rpirov &pri 
 
 rov eo-xaTov opQpov aetSov, Theocr. Id. XXIV. 63. 
 
 ib. Consultor . . .pulsat. Cp. Cic. pro Mu/rena, 9, — ' Vigilas tu de nocte, ut tuis con- 
 ' sultoribus respondeas : ille ut eo, quo intendit, mature cum exercitu perve- 
 ' niat ; te gallorum, illum buccinarum cantus exsuscitat.' 
 
 11. Vad.ibus, from vas, "asurety ;" one ' qui pro altero vadimonium promittebat/ 
 
 Varro. Vadimonium, "a promise (in law,) or recognizance." VadMnomum 
 sistit, " he keeps his recognizance," i. e. appears in court, Cic. pro P. Quint. 8. 
 Vadm- mihi deserit, "he forfeits it," i.e. by not appearing, Ibid. 23. Vad.ari, 
 " to hold (a person) to bail." See Sat. I. ix. 36. 
 
 13. Cetera de genere hoc. * Transitus est Lucretianus IV. 590.' [0.] 
 
 14. Fabium, ' Eques Eom. Narbonensis,' a Stoic, fond of, and tiresome in, argu- 
 ment, — if we may trust the allusion here, and Sat. I. n. 134. 
 
 20. Quid causce est . . .quin ? (" What is there to prevent his being," i. e.) " must 
 he not be provoked ?" Quin, i. e. "to prevent," as in Sat. II. iii. 42 ; A. P. 
 444 ; Ter. Andr. III. iv. 21. 
 
 21. Buccas infiet. A gesture indicative sometimes of pride and affectation, some- 
 times of anger. In the first sense compare ras yvdOous <pva<ov from Demosth. 
 Fals. Leg. i. 314, and, in the second, ' tumido delitigat ore,' A. P. 94. [O.] cp. 
 1 sufflatus ' in Plaut. Bacch. IV. n. 21, and Casin. III. ili. 19. So Persius, IV. 
 20, — ' Suffla ; sum candidus ' (i. e. " boast.") So ' buccas ' is used of vehement 
 declaimers, Juv. xi. 34 ; Pers. v. 13. 
 
 23. Prceterea. Here a fresh argument is beginning ; checked, however, by a 
 parenthesis, to excuse diversion to a more serious vein and particular appli- 
 cation. 
 
 ib. Jocularia, " farces"=ea'oc?ia. See Liv. vn. 2, where the rise of farce and comedy 
 at Rome is described ; its first step, the addition of jocularia to the Tuscan 
 dance ; its transition to saturce, with musical accompaniment ; then a plot, 
 dialogue, fnd scenic representation ; while, as it assumed its most artificial 
 shape, the young Romans, leaving the play to ti^ained actors, claimed a place 
 for, and performed, as amateurs, the old jocularia, then called exodAa, (whether 
 these were " interludes," as in Smith's Dict. and Sigonius' note, or " after- 
 pieces.)" 
 
 29. Hic. Not as if the " publican " had been already mentioned, but in opposi- 
 tion to ille, v. 28. The caupo is more fittingly introduced among the examples 
 here than the consultus, whose profession would not have been adopted merely 
 for a livelihood. 
 
 ib. Nautce, i. e. mercatores, as in v. 6. 
 
 32. Compare Juvenal, xiv. 272, — 
 
 ' Hic tamen ancipiti figens vestigia planta, 
 
 ' Victum illa mercede parat, brumamqUe famemque 
 
 ' Illa reste cavet ; tu propter mille talenta 
 
 ' Et centum villas temerarius.' 
 
NOTES. ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. I. 131 
 
 33. Formica. Virg. Geor. I. 186 ; ^u. iv. 402 — 
 
 ' Ingentem formicee farris acervuni 
 ' Cum populant hiemis memores,' etc. 
 So in Scriptnre, Proverbs, VI. 6. It has been denied that anfcs are grani- 
 voroas : proof of their being so may be seen in Kirby and Spence, or Thomsorts 
 Land and the Boolc. Probably a difference is to be made between the species 
 in cold and in warm climates. 
 
 36. Inversum. A favourite compound with Horace ; perhaps here, as some suggest, 
 
 borrowing its meaning from the ' inversa Aquarii urna.' 
 
 ib. Cantristat. Virg. Geor. III. 279, — ' Pluvio contristat frigore cselum.' 
 ib. Aquarius. Tbid. 304, — ' Extremoque irrorat Aquarius anno.' The sun ia 
 reckoned to enter Aquarius on the 16th of January. 
 
 37. Illis...qucesitis. It is not usual to find ille joined thus with a participle, like 
 
 the article in Greek ; but compare v. 115. 
 
 38. Cum te, the apodosis to quce. " But she uses her store like a wise creature, 
 
 ivhereas you " Te, i.e. "the miser ;" on whom the Satire is suddenly 
 
 turned. 
 
 42. Defossa. Cp. Virg. Geor. II. 507, — ' Condit opes alius, defossoque incubat auro.' 
 
 45. Frumenti, i. e. "measures of corn." The modius, or " peck," a sixth of the Gr. 
 /jl4oi/j.vos, was the common dry measure of the Eomans. 
 
 ib. Triverit area. Tibul.I.v. 22; Virg. Geor. i. 192, — 'Medio tostas asstu terit 
 ' area fruges.' 
 
 46. Hoc.plus. ' Idem fere atque eo phis.' [0.] 
 
 50. Seneca, Ep. 16, — ' Si ad naturam vives, numquam eris pauper ; si ad opiniones, 
 ' numquam eris dives.' It was an Epicurean maxim, rb /j.hu tyvo-inbv irai> ebirop- 
 io~t6v icrrt, Diog. Laert. x. 130. Comp. the Stoic rule, ' Vivere naturce con- 
 ' venienter,' E. I. IX. 12. 
 
 53. Cumera (or cumerum) was " a bin," sometimes of earthenware, oftener of 
 wicker-work, for grain. Also it was a measure of five or six modii. Gesner 
 calls it ' Punica efc Syra vox a Gr. «a/i7rrpa.' 
 
 55. Comp. Spenser's F. Qu. II. vn. 15, — 
 
 ' Thro' foul intemperance 
 * Frail men are oft captived to covetise : 
 ' But would they think with how small allowance 
 ' Untroubled nature doth herself sufiice, 
 ' Such superfluities they would despise, 
 ' Which with sad cares impeach our native joys : 
 ' At the well-head the purest streams arise, 
 ' But mucky filth his branching arms annoys.' 
 
 53 60. See (for illustration of this) the Eastern story in the Bambler, ISTo. 38 : and 
 Gray's Ode to Vicissitude, Stanz, 8. 
 
 61. Bona pars. Cp. ' bona magnaque pars,' Lucret. v. 1025. A phrase found in 
 
 Terence also. 
 
 62. Tanti, quantum habeas, sis. Juvenal's Knes, III. 140, with a different applica- 
 tion, are parallel to this, — 
 
 ' Protinus ad censum, de moribus ultima fiefc 
 
 ' Quaestio 
 
 ' Quantum quisque sua nummorum servat in arca, 
 ' Tantum habet et fidei.' 
 
 66. Sibilat. Cic. in Pison. 65, — ' Da te populo, committe ludis ; sibilum metuis ? ' 
 Compare Ben Jonson, ' Every Man out of his Humour,' Act I, — 
 ' Poor worms, they hiss at me, whiist I at home 
 
 ' Can be contented to applaud myself with joy 
 
 ' To see how plump my bags are and my barns.' 
 
 v 9 
 
132 NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. r. 
 
 Juvcnal expresses tkis in his own way, Sat. xiv. 152,— 
 
 ' Sed qui sermones ! quam f cedffl bucoina famae! 
 ' Quid nocet haec ? inquit : Tunicam mihi malo lupini 
 1 Quam si mo toto laudet vicinia pago 
 ' Exigui ruris paucissima farra sccantem ! ' 
 Euripides has the contrary sentiment, lon, 630, — 
 ov <pi\a> \p6yovs K\veiv 
 iv X*P°~l vufav oX&ov. 
 67. Cp. Eur. Fr. Bell. xx. 7,— 
 
 6 fxev £drr\ovTos ets yevos 5' ovk evTvxf)s 
 d\ye7 fxev, a\ye7, irayKa\<cs 8' a\yvveTai 
 6\Bov diotywv 6d\afxov ydicrTov x e P l - 
 68 — 71. Tantalus...inhians. Sxrirep 6 TdvTa\os...iirLK*xw6Tes fxdvov t<$ xP V(r ^V- 
 Lucian, Timon, 17. 
 
 71. Virg. Mn. VI. 610, — ' Aut qui divitiis soli incubuere repertis,' (and cp. the 
 citation on v. 42.) 
 
 73. Compare Pope, Mor. Essays, iii. 79, — 
 
 ' What Kiches give us, let us then enquire ? 
 
 ' Meat, Fire, and Clothes. What more ? Meat, Clothes, and Fire. 
 
 'Is this too little?' 
 
 ib. Quo, " to what end." Not often joined with such a verb as valeoi. But cp. 
 ' quo vellet aurum ' (equivalent to ' quam ad rem sumeret,' C. 52) in Cic. pro 
 Ccel. xxi. 53. Cp. also ' Si quo usus operse sit,' Liv. xxvi. 9. 
 
 75. Quis...negatis. Cp. Cic. de Fin. n. 20, — ' Cetera illa...quibus demptis negat 
 ' se Epicurus intelligere quid sit bonum.' 
 
 76. Vigilare metu...juvat. Eur. Ion, 623, — 
 
 tis yap fxaKapios, tis evTvxhs, 
 
 ogtis Scoolkcvs Kol irapaB\eTrcov Biav 
 
 alcova Teivei ; 
 On the difference of metus, etc. see Donaldson' s Lat. Gr. App. iv. 109. Metus 
 is a fear of what is future or distant ; timor of what is near and immediate ; 
 formido a constant haunting dread ; pavor agitation, whether excited by fear 
 or hope ; as in E. I. VI. 10. 
 
 77. Malos fures. This is thought to be a translation of K\<2ires KaKovpyoi, Herod. 
 
 I. 41. 
 
 79. Cp. Goldsmith's Deserted Village, — ' The heart distrusting, asks — if this be joy ? ' 
 And Spenser's Faery Qu. II. vn. 12, — 
 
 ' Far otherwise (said he) I riches read, 
 ' And deem them root of all disquietness ; 
 ' First got with guile, and then preserved with dread,' 
 And see the allegorical description of Avarice in the same, B. I. IV. 27 — 29. 
 
 80. Cp. Eurvp. Elect. 427,— 
 
 ctkoitco Ta xpVfJ-a& ws exei fieya aOevos 
 i-evois T6 bovvai awfxd t is voaov ireabv 
 oa-rrdvaiai awaaL. 
 82. Assideat. Cp. Liv. xxv. 24, — 'assidentes curantesque.' So rrpoaeSpta, Eur. 
 Orest. 304. 
 
 88. At si...perdas, "but you must fail if you think to attach your relatives to you, 
 " though naturally your friends ; and to retain them in their attachment, with- 
 " out labouring to deserve it." Compare Xen. Memor. I. n. 55, — idv re virb 
 iraTpbs, idv re virb doe\<pov, idv Te vrr' a\\ov Tivbs Bov\r]Tai TLfxdadat, fxr) T<p olKe7os 
 ehai TTLcrTevwv, dfxe\fj, dAAa ireipaTai, ixp' wv tzv Bov\r\Tai, Tifxdcrdai, tovtols 
 co<pe\ifxos eivai. 
 
 There is good authority for the reading adopted by Gesner, An si... ? 
 " Would you be losing your labour, if you endeavoured to retain (by meriting 
 " it) the love of your kindred ? Is that a hopeless task ? " 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. i. 133 
 
 91. In Campo, sc. Martio, i. e. as a racer. Cp. C. I. TIII. 8. Keightley suggests a 
 
 possible allusion to the Equiria, instituted by Komulus, and mentioned in Ovid, 
 Fo.it. ii. 859; iii. 519. 
 
 92. Denique sitjmis, " in fine, let a definite limit be set to your pursuit of wealth." 
 
 Observe how this verse connects itself with vv. 106-7 : " Such a limit is a 
 "principle in nature, and the neglect of it is inconsistent with rectitude." 
 
 ib. Camque hoheas plus, " since yon have more than before ;" as parto quod avebas, 
 "having obtained your original desire," i. e. a competency. 
 
 96. ~Ct raetiretur. This phrase vras proverbial, to signify " great riches " (or, ac- 
 cording to Suidas, v. /j.4Si/j.vos, " great expectations.") So Xenophon, Hell. 
 III. ii. 27, expresses the wealth of Xenias of Elis, rbv \zy6p.€vov fx.edl/j.v(o 
 a.Tro[x€Tp7]crao-Qai rb napa rov irarpbs apyvpiov. PHny, N. H. XXXV. 36, relates 
 that Apelles was paid for his Alexander 20 talents, mensura non numero. 
 
 100. Fortissiina Tyndaridarv.m, i. e. "like a Clytemnestra." 
 
 102. L. Cassius Nomentanus, proverbial with Horace for his extravagance. Sat. I. 
 VIII. 11 ; II. I. 22. 
 
 ib. Pergis, etc. The sense is, — " That is quite another point : you argue as if the 
 " alternative lay between extremes ; you bring contraries together front to 
 " front." Convponere jb a metaphor from the gladiatorial school ; see Sat. I. 
 VII. 20. [O.] Frontibus adversis might be a metaphor from a bull fight, as. 
 Virg. 2En. xn. 717, — 
 
 ' Cum duo conversis inimica in prcelia tauri 
 
 c Frontibus incurrunt ;' 
 but simply expresses direct opposition, as in Lucret. VI. 117, — { Concurrere 
 nubes frontibus adversis possint.' 
 
 104. Vappam...ac nebulonem. Vappa was properly " -wine," or ratber " vinegar," 
 -which had lost all its acid and taste. Nebulo is from nebu.la, " mist, cloud." 
 They describe, therefore, a wasteful and worthless character. 
 
 105. This is said by the Scholiast to be a Greek proverb. 
 
 108. " I come back to my first point, viz. that men in their covetousness are 
 never contented." Illuc unde abii redeo is a phrase of Plautus, Mencech. 
 Prol. 56. 
 
 ib. Nemo ut, i. e. ut nerao. 'Pro accus. cum infinitivo, ut Sat. I. III. 115,' Orelli. 
 The construction is apparently repeated from his first sentence (y. 1). — ' Fit.... 
 ut nemo contentus vivat.' Nemon' ut...? is the reading of many MSS. and 
 Editions, but has all the appearance of being a mere correction, and the 
 interrogative construction is out of place in a summary of reasonings. 
 
 110. Cp. Ov. A. A. I. 350, — ' Yicinumque pecus grandius uber habet.' 
 
 114. Ct cum carceribus. Cp. Virg. Geor. i. 512 ; Ov. A. Am. iii. 595, — 
 
 ' Tum bene fortis equus reserato carcere currit, 
 ' Cum quos praetereat, quosque sequatur habet.' 
 
 The carceres were the inclosed vaults or stalls, in which chariots and horses 
 were ranged, for starting in the race. They (or their doors) are called c spatiis 
 obstantia claustra ' in Epist. I. XIV. 9. 
 
 119. Lucret. m. 951, — ' Cur non, ut plenus vitae conviva, recedis ? ' and 970-973. 
 Cp. the use of this figure in Sir W. Scott's Anne of Geierstein, ch. xv, — ' Death 
 ' is dreadful. . .but in the first spring-tide of youth. . .to be snatched forcibly from 
 ' the banquet to which the individual has but just sat down, is peculiarly 
 4 appalling.' 
 
 120. Crispini, a butt for Horace's satire, apparently a Stoic. Sat. I. m. 138. 
 
 ib. Scrinio, " writing desk or case." Spenser has the word ' scryne,' derived 
 from it. 
 
13i NOTEB ON Tlli: BATIRES 1 BOOK I. BAT. n. 
 
 8ATIEE H. 
 
 A satire upon those who run into one extreme to avoid another, as expressed 
 in v. 24, — 'Dum vitant stulti vitia, in contraria currunt.' There ifl fche 
 criminate libcrality, out of which strollcrs and quacks make their harvest (vv. 
 1 — 1) : opposed to this is the parsimony that will refuse help even to a starving 
 fricnd (vv. 4 — G) : a third (liu.nc, v. 7) lavishes his fortune upon luxurious 
 entertainments. Fufidius (vv. 12 — 22) is an usurer, extreme in his exactions and 
 his wealth, and no ]ess so in the penury of his living. So, in matters of dresa 
 or foppery, nil medium est, v. 28. The rest of the Satire is taken up with 
 scandalous anecdote ; so as to involve the moral, however, that lawless habits 
 omniparte laborent (c. 39.) 
 
 1. Ambubaiarum, " Syrian musicians" (cp. Juv. III. 62), named from their 
 
 musical instrument, ambuba. 
 
 2. Balatrones. Lucret. III. 951. See Bentley on S. II. iii. 166. 
 
 3. Tigelli. To be distinguished from Hermogenes Tigellius, who is mentioned, Sat. 
 I. iii. 129, as then alive. 
 
 7. Compare Pope, Moral Essays, III. 197, sq. 
 
 8. Ingrata, " insatiable." Cp. Lucr. iii. 1016. Stringat, i. e. " strips bare." 
 ib. Ingluvie, " gluttony ;" properly, "a bird's crop," as in Virg. G. III. 431. 
 
 9. Conductis, "borrowed." Cp. Juv. XI. 46, ' conducta pecunia.' 
 
 14. Qv.inas...capiti mercedes exsecat. A description of excessive usury. Ga 
 
 " the principal ;" merces, " the interest." The old rate of interest established 
 by the xii. Tables was a yearly one, unciariv.va /?/t?!S=one-twelfth of the sum 
 borrowed, or 8^- per cent. But, in later times, interest was paid every month, 
 and, in calculating it, the rate was expressed by the as and its divisions. Thu3, 
 asses v.surcB signified 12 per cent., being 1 as per month : deunces usurce=li. 
 per cent. : uncice usurce (unda being the 12th of an as) signified 1 . per cent. 
 Instead of asses usurce, the phrase cerdesimce usurce was often used, because, at 
 this rate, in 100 months a sum equal to the principal was paid up. And thus 
 binoi centesimce usurce was 24 per cent. ; and in this passage quinas is equiva- 
 lent to quinas centesimas, or 60 per cent. 
 
 16. Nomma, i. e. " bonds, or bills." 
 
 18. At in se..."but of course he spends liberally in proportion...Not so," etc. 
 
 20. Terenti fabula. The Heautontimorumenos. Cp. Act III. Sc. I. 31, with v. 24, 
 ' dum vitant,' etc. 
 
 25. Maltinus. This is a name derived from malta, a Lucilian term for an 
 effeminate person. The Scholiasts afifirm that under this name Msecenas is 
 intended, and that these tunicoz demissicice, which were generally a sign of a 
 foppish and luxurious habit, were adopted by him to hide varicose veins. 
 Kirchner (Qucest. Hor. ni.) adopts this statement of the Scholiasts, and infers 
 from it that this Satire must have been composed some time before the poet 
 had become known to his patron. Orelli quotes Madvig as decisive against it ; 
 but Franke and Weber as, amongst others, supporting it. (See the Philo- 
 logical Museum, vol. I. pjp. 474-9.) 
 
 36. Albi, i. e. ' matronse veste alba indutae/ [O.] 
 
 59. Traliit=his reputation suffers more than his estate. 
 
 62. Oblimare. Prop. limo obruere, as in Virg. Geor. in. 136, ' sulcos oblimet 
 inertes.' 
 
 63. Togata, a term of reproach. The toga was worn by low characters : the proper 
 dress of a lady was stola. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. n, m. 135 
 
 76. Tuo vitio, i. e. it is an additional pang to have yourself to blame. 
 
 89. See Virg. Geor. iii. 79. 
 
 98. Ciniflones=cinerarii (Catull. lxi. 138), or, a ccdamistro, " hair-curlers." 
 
 105. Taken from Callimaehus, Epigram 32. 
 
 108. Theocr. Idyll. XI. 108, — rai/ irapeo7crav aueXye, ri tov QevyovTa oiaKeis. Cp. 
 Eur. Hipp. 185. 
 
 123. Ut neque, etc. In the allegory of Prodicus, Xen- Mem. II. I. 22, this is the 
 description of Vice, — KeKaXXcairicr/xevvv t6 fxev xP^ ua &o"re XevKOTepav Te koX. 
 epvQpoTepav tov 6vtos SoKelv cpalveadai, to 8e axVfJ-a oocttg doKe7v opdoTepav tt\s 
 (pvcreus elvai. 
 
 131. Hcec, sc. conscia, " the confidante," as in S. II. Yii. 60. Deprensa, sc. mulier. 
 
 SATIRE III. 
 
 The subject here seems to be the rnle vitiis nemo sine (as in r. 6S.), and the 
 deductions from it ; e. g. that the observation of faults in others should remind 
 us of our own ; that the best construction should be put upon each other's 
 actions ; and that censures, where there is call for them, should be modified 
 and discriminating. 
 
 The method pursued is a notice of the levities and inconsistencies of 
 Tigellius — a confession of the satirisfs own defects, — for which he claims a 
 fair and kind consideration, and then argues against the unfriendly and 
 censorious habit prevalent in society. and finally against the arbitrary Stoic 
 rnle, which classed all offences as equal, — a rule in its practical application 
 nnnatm-al and inequitable. 
 
 3. Sardus . . .ille TigeJJius. The Scholiast quotes a satiric verse (a scazon Iambic) 
 
 npon him, — ' Sardi Tigelli putidum caput venit.' See Cic. ad Fam. vn. 21. 
 (The proverb Sardi venales dates from B. c. 176, when Sardinia was subdued 
 by T. S. Gracchus.) He is spoken of in the last Sat. v. 3, as recently dead. 
 Observe the imperf. habeoat in this sense. 
 
 ib. IUe, ' quasi de noto/ Schol. 
 
 4. Qui...posset, " who might have," not "who might." 
 
 5. PatHs, i. e. " his adopted father," Julius Caesar. 
 
 6. Collibuisset, compound oflibet, used by Cic. N. D. I. 3S ; ad Fam. xv. 16; vrith 
 a nom. case, by Sallust, Cat. 51. 
 
 ib. Ab ovo...ad mala, " from the beginning to the end of dinner. "Integram 
 famem ad ovum affero,' Cic. ad Fam. IX. 20. Mala and bellaria ("fruits and 
 confectionery ") were bronght in at dessert. (See Beck-e^s Gallus, Exr. i.) 
 
 7. Citaret, " run over rapidly or repeatedly." Lachmann explains it by com- 
 tpellare, aa in Cic. Fin. n. 18; or ceieri aycayfj pera.gere. Cp. Cic. de Orat. I. 
 lix. 251, — ' Paeanem aut Nomionem citarimus.' 
 
 ib. Io Bacclie. The beginning or burden of a song. 'lofiaKxot is a Greek com- 
 pound for " drinking songs." Cp. BaKxefiaKxov acrai, Arist. Equit. TVe may 
 compare too Io Pcecvn ir_ Ov. A. A. II. 1, and Io Triumphe, C. TV. II. 50. But 
 there is great doubt whether this reading is genuine. Lachmann (on luor. II. 
 27) utterly condemns it, on the score of prosody: he decides for Io Befchce. 
 Cp. Eur. Bacch. 577, — <3 jSa/cx»^ & BaKxai. No doubt the chief MSS. have 
 Bacche ; but their testimony is not decisive ; it is so common with them to 
 put e for ce : rather, as some good copies certainly write Bacchce, their 
 authority seems greater than the negative testimony of the majority. 
 
186 \<>Ti:s ON '/'///•; 8ATIB.E8: BOOK l. 8AT< m. 
 
 7. Modo 8umma...modo...ima t i. e. "rnnuing from fche lowest to the highest key 
 
 of tbe garaut." ' Voco modo (hae quas resonat) summa, modo hac quaa 
 resonat ima chord. quat.' Summa chorda (viraTn), " the uppermost string " 
 (the bass) of the tetraehord. Ima, " the lowermost (ve&Tn or Wjt7/) string " 
 (the treble, or highest notc). Gcsner says, — "Trajectio locam aliqusntum 
 1 obscurat, ut in C. II. XIII. 1. Non jungendum summa voce, scd summa 
 ' chorda.' 
 
 8. Resonat... chordis= ' e chordis prodit, per chordas sonat, ablativus causalis vel 
 
 instrumentalis.' [0.] 
 
 9. Velut qui . . .fugiens, i. e. currebat velut qui fugeret. Cp. the construction in 8. I. 
 Vin. 32, — ' Stabat ut quae peritura '=peritura esset. 
 
 10. Qui...sacraferret, like the Kavycpopoi, " solemn and slow." Cp. Sat. II. VIII. 13, 
 and Cic. de Off. I. xxxvi. 7, — ' pomparum ferculis similes,' (resembling puppets 
 in a procession.) So S. II. vin. 14. 
 
 12. Reges...loquens. So Cic. ad Att, ix. 2, 3, — 'Nihil nisi classes loquens et exer- 
 citus.' So Plato Gorg. V. 101, — Xeytiv cncvreas Ka\ Kva<p4as. 
 
 15. Decies centena, " a million of sesterces." 
 
 17. Noctes vigilabat, etc. Cp. Xen. Mem. II. i. 30, (in Prodicus' Allegory of Vice), — 
 ttjs jxkv vvktos vfSpi^ovcTa, tt)s Se ijiAepas to XPVCi^TaTov KaTaKoifxi^ovcra. 
 
 20. Immo alia e£..."yes I have, but they are different, and perhaps (I may say, or 
 
 " hope) less. I am not, like M., censorious to others, ignorant or careless of 
 " my own faults." 
 
 21. Absentem, i. e. " behind his back." 
 
 22. Dare....verba, (" to give words and nothing else ;" then) " to impose upon." 
 
 25. Pervideas. Bentley reads prcevideas, &s=prcetervideas, but adduces no instance 
 
 of the word bearing that sense : it means " to foresee." Pervideas lijppus is 
 like S. I. ii. 91, — ' Hypseea caecior spectes.' 
 
 ib. Oculis . . .lippus inunctis. Cp. Ep. I. i. 29. " When you look blindly into (i.e. 
 " overlook) your own faults, why, in the case of your friends, are you so 
 " sharp-sighted ? " 
 
 ti TaXXoTpiov. .. 
 
 Kaicbv o|y5ep/ce?s, t^ 8' 'idiov irapafiXeireis ; 
 
 Quoted by Orelli as a Fragment of Menander. Printed in Meinekds edit. as Fr. 
 291, Comicorum Anonymorum, p. 671. 
 
 26. Cp. Cic. de Off. I. xlt. 4, — ' Fit enim nescio quo modo ut magis in aliis 
 
 ' cernamus, in quam nobismetipsis siquid delinquitur.' 
 
 27. Quam...aquila. Hom. II. p. 674, — 
 
 cueT^s '6v pd Te (paffiv, 
 bf^vTaTov SepK€<r9ai virovpavicov ireTerjvcav. 
 
 ib. Serpens Epidaurius. Epidaurus was famous for the worship of iEsculapius, 
 and for its sacred serpents. The worship was introduced at Eome B. c. 293, 
 on occasion of a pestilence, when, as the legend ran, a serpent, indicating the 
 presence or favour of the divinity, appeared to the commissioners, and was 
 conveyed by them to Rome. (See the full relation in Arnold^s Hist. R. vol. II. 
 ch. xxxiv. p. 396) ; and Ov. Met. xv. 624, sqq. 
 
 29. Iracundior, " rather quick-tempered." It has been said that the poet Virgil 
 was aimed at in these remarks ; but, if they have any particular reference, it 
 is more likely that Horace thought of himself. 
 
 ib. Minus aptus, " not polished enough to please the nice (and exact) taste of men 
 now-a-days." So Orelli. Some join the two clauses : " He is touchy, and 
 " cannot stand their keen wit." 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIBES : BOOK I. SAT. ni. 137 
 
 30. Bideri possit, etc. Juv. iii. 147, sqq. 
 
 31. Busticius, " because his hair is trimmed awkwardly, and bis dress slovenly." 
 
 Cp., in the opposite sense, facetus, Sat. I. II. 26. 
 
 ib. Male laxus...calceus. Aristoph. Equit. 320. 
 
 37. " For fanlts spring up like weeds in a neglected soil." (Wagner reads felicem, 
 not filicem, in Virg. Geor. n. 189.) 
 
 40. Polypus, from the ^Eolic form irdoKvTros. 41. Plato, Bep. V. p. 11, 474. 
 
 42, sq. Cp. Ov. A. A. ii. 657,— 
 
 ' Nominibus mollire licet mala ; fusca vocetur, 
 
 ' Nigrior Illyrica cui pice sanguis erit. 
 ' Si paeta est, Yeneri similis ; si flava, Minervaa.' 
 For other flattering inversions, cp. Juv. vin. 32, sg. ; Lucret. iv. 1156, sq. 
 44. Strabonem. Gr. <rrpoi&wv, o~TpdPos. 47. Sisyphus, a dwarf of M. Antony. 
 ib. Varum=introrsum retortis pedAbus. ' Simulant qui cornua lunae,' Mart. II. 
 xxxv. Cp. Ovid, Am. I. III. 24,—' Yirginea tenuit cornua vovra manu. 1 
 
 49. Ineptns. This character is described at length by Cicero, de Omt. II. rv. 17. 
 
 51. Truculentior, "unsparing in his language." 
 
 52. Plus cequo liber. JEsch. Pr. V. 180, — &yav ihev0€poo-TO/x$?s. 
 
 ib. Simplex fortisque, near]y=" a plain blunt man," ShaTcsp. Jul. C. Act III. Sc. II. 
 
 55. " So tmms she every man the wrong side out." Shaksp. Much Ado, Act 
 III. Sc. I. Cp. Liv. xxii. 12, — ' Pro cunctatore segnem, pro cauto timidum, 
 aflingens vicina virtutibus vitia, compellabat.' So again, c. 39. 
 
 58. Tardo. So Cicero, Acad. IV. 97, — ' Yide quam sit cautus is quem isti tardum 
 vocant.' 
 
 59. " Another guards against any imputations, since he is aware of his liability to 
 
 " unfair aspersions on his character." 
 63. Simplicior quis et est, i. e. et talis est qualem. (Some construe et SLS=etiam 
 
 with simplicior.') 
 66. Communi sensu, " a perception of the wants and wishes of others," nearly 
 
 =" tact." Seneca, de Benef. I. 12, defines it thus : ' Sit in beneficio sensus 
 
 * communis ; tempus locum personas observet.' Cic de Orat. II. xvi. (68), has 
 
 ' sensu hominum communi.' [G.] quotes Juv. VIII. 73, — 
 
 ' Rarus enim ferme sensus communis in illa 
 ' Fortuna ;' 
 
 (where see Mayor's note.) Communis is used of persons, as by Cicero (de 
 
 Senect. 17) of Cyrus, — ' Communem erga Lysandrum atque humanum fuisse,' 
 
 i. e. " condescending and kind ;" koivov kclI (piAavdpuirov, Demosth. de Cor. p. 
 
 315, ult. So Suetonius, Clo.ud. 21, communior (=" more familiar ;") and 
 
 Vespas. 22, — ' super cenam communissilnv.s. , 
 
 68. Compare the analogous argument relating to men's wants and the provision of 
 nature, in Herod 1. 32, — &K\o /xlv e%ei eTepou Se iirfieeTaf % Se (sc. x^P a ) av Ta 
 irAeTo-ra exp, apicrTT) avTT). 
 
 70. Cum is taken by all Comm. (following the Scholiast) as a preposition, govern- 
 ing vitiis. " Let him weigh my good against my bad qualities, and let him 
 " give the preponderance to the former. I will do the same by him." 
 Singular as this construction is, the general argument seems clearly to con- 
 firm it. The preceding context has been a continuous reproach against the 
 uncharitable temper of society ; it has nowhere been supposed that men form 
 dispassionate, impartial judgments of each other. But now it is urged that a 
 real friend, a friend deserving of the name, would do so. " Let my friend 
 (says the moralist) " weigh my good against my evil qualities ; if the good out- 
 " number the other, let him give them the preponderance." [O.] properly in- 
 sists on the true usage of compenso. Compensare rem cum re is, " to compare 
 by weighing together," (pensando comparare) ,• compensare rem re, " to 
 make up for, to compensate, by weighing," (adpensando reparare). 
 
138 NOTES ON THE -.VI ll »J5 L M 7*. nt 
 
 71. Iacliaet, "lean to," depress the balanoe in favour of. • Hirc pro propenaior 
 sit.' [G.] The meaning belongs oatnraUy enougb bo fche vcrb (cp. OU. 
 m.iv. 187, — ' Si se dant et...sua sponte, qno Lmpellimns, i nol i n an t atque pro- 
 pi ndent,') the dative following it is, to say the least, very rarc. Incli,. 
 nsed both as a transitive and a nenter vcrb : fchere wonld be no difficulty here 
 in nnderstanding an ellipse of animum or se, as in tho above quotation of 
 Cicero. We might even supply lajicem, considering how fully the metaphor ia 
 kept up : in that case, pluribus would be ablative, — inclinet lancem pluribus= 
 " press down the scale with these as more numerous." 
 
 72. Si volet.. .porietur. The correspondence of tenses is not a grammatical nece 
 
 but it furnishes some argument at least for connecting these two verbs as 
 antithetical. Orelli has a comma after inclinet, and a colon after volet. 
 
 ib. Trutina, the cavity, in which the tongue (examen) of the balance plays. See 
 Persius, v. 5. 
 
 73. See the New Test. S. Matt. vn. 
 
 76. Irce. This is a genitive of apposition. In this nsage the leading noun ex- 
 presses a general idea ; the genitive a special one, to denote or define it. (See 
 Madv. Gi\ § 28G.) There is a parallel instance in Cic. pro Muren. x. 23, — ' Aliis 
 1 ego te virtutibus, continentiae, gravitatis, justitise, fidei, ceteris omnibus, 
 ' consulatu et omni honore semper dignissimum judicavi.' This genitive is used 
 poetically in local or geographical terms, e. g. wrbem Pata <:i, Mycenae, Bv.throti, in 
 JEn. i. 247 ; V. 52 ; iii. 293 ; tellus Ausonice, III. 477 : and in descriptive 
 terms, as in Liv. xxiv. 3, — c Lxicus...proceris abietis arboribus septu3.' 
 (Arborem fici, in Oic. pro Flacc. 17 — 41, is probably an interpolation). So in 
 Suet. Aug. 94, arborem palma}. 
 
 82. Labeone, M. Antistius Labeo, afterwards a distinguished jurist. At this time 
 he was very young : he gave offence to Augnstus; and Walckenaer suggests 
 tbat this satiric mention might have been intended to shield him from a 
 real hostility. 
 
 83. Dicatur. The Delphin Ed. points this clause interrogatively. 
 
 85. Observe the variation from cui concedere, in S. I. IV. 140, 
 
 88. Mercedem. See note on Sat. I. n. 14. Cp. 'Debitor usuram (" interest") 
 pariter sortemque (" principai") negabit.' Mart. Y. xlii. 
 
 91. Evandri manibus tritum, i. e. " a curiosity as old as the time of Evander." This 
 
 must be the Arcadian Evander of JEneid, vni. 52, stjq. The Scholiast supposes 
 the sculptor to be meant, Aulanius Evander (Plin. N. H. XXXVI. v. 32), who 
 was brought by Antony from Athens to Alexandria, and thence (in 29 B. c, 
 and therefore subsequently to the date of this Book of Satires) to Eome. 
 Tritum. [0.] quotes Hartial, VIII. VI. 9 (upon the passion for antiques), — 
 ' Hi duo longoBvo censentur Nestore fundi ; 
 ' Pollice de Pylio trita columba nitet.' 
 
 92. Cp. Lucian, Tiraon, 54. 
 
 96. This was the Stoic doctrine. Cp. Cic. d.e Fia. IV. xix. 55, — ' Eecte facta 
 ' omnia sequalia, orania peccata paria ; quee cum magnifice primo dici viderentur 
 ' considerata minus protoantur : sensus eaim cujusque et natwra rerum otque ipsa 
 ' veritas clamabat qiiodammodo, non posse adduci ut inter eas res, quas Zeno 
 ' exaBqnaret, nihil interesset,' 
 
 ib. Quis...fere placuit, " Trho lay down as a general rule." 
 
 ib. Laborant, " they are in a difficulty; their maxim fails when applied to actual 
 
 life." 
 99. Cp. Virg. Georg. II. 340,— 
 
 ' Cum prinias lucem pecudes Iiausere virumque 
 
 ' Ferrea progenies duris caput extnlit arvis.' 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. m. 139 
 
 100. Cp. Cic. de Invent. I. 2, — ' Fuit quoddam tempus cum in agris passim homines 
 'bestiarum modo vagabantur, et sibi victu ferino vitam propagabant.' 
 Lucret. v. 788; 923, sqq.; Virg. Mn. VIII. 316 — 
 
 ' Gens...truncis et duro robore nata : 
 ' Quis neque mos, neque cultus erat... 
 ...rami atque asper victu venatus alebat.' 
 
 101. Lucret: V. 1282, sqq. 
 
 103. koL (p6ey/u.a, Kal avejx6ev 
 
 <pp6vr)p.a, Kal aaTvv6/j.ovs 
 opyas eSia|aro. Soph. Antig. 354. 
 
 So C. 1. X. 3 represents speech and language as the beginning of civilisation. 
 Cp. again Cic. Tusc. Qu. V. II. 5, — 'O vitee Philosophia dux...tu urbes 
 ' peperisti, tu dissipatos homines in societatem vitse convocasti, tu eos inter se 
 c primo domiciliis, deinde conjugiis, cum litterarum et vocum communione 
 ' junxisti, tu inventrix legum, efc' 
 
 105. So Juven. XV. 148—154. 
 
 115. Ut peccet. Peccare would be equally good Latin. After words expressing a 
 consequence (in argument) , a deduction, or a proof, either mood (infin. or 
 subj.) is admissible. ' Concedis ut virtus...efliciat,' Cic.de Fin. v. 26. Tho 
 two forms of phrase might be thus construed : " Eeason can never prove that 
 " he is guilty " (pecca.re) : or, " Eeason can never so far carry its point, that he 
 "willbe (found) guilty" {ut peccet.) 
 
 117. Sacra...legerit. Hence the Engl. " sacrilege." 
 
 120. Utferula cwdas, "for, as to your punishing lightly what deserves severity, this 
 " I do not fear." Ordinarily, vereor ut ccedus is " I fear you will punish " (the 
 sense required) ; vereor ne c&das, " I fear you will not... ;" but here non vereor 
 is, in a manner, disconnected from the first clause, which thus becomes purely 
 explanatory, not. dependent : ' Ut c^las, icl equidem non vereor, 3 instead of ' id 
 ne facias non vereor? A parallel anacoluthon is quoted by Orelli and \>j Mad- 
 vig, Opusc. V. t. p. 491, note, from Liv. XXYIII. xxil. 12, — * Nihil minus quam» 
 c ut egredi mcenibus auderent timeri poterat.' Madv. says, — ' Debebat scribi 
 c ne, rectum esset. ut, si subjecisset fwbwrvm credebat wr.' 
 
 125. Cp. Cic. Acad. II. xliv. 136 ; and Lucilius (quoted by the Scholiast), — 
 ' In mundo sapiens hasc omnia habebit ; 
 1 Formosus, dives, liber, rex, solus vocetur.' 
 
 127. Chrysijppus, born at Soli in Cilicia, 280 b. c. He succeeded Cleanthes, tha 
 successor of Zeno, in the Stoic school. He appears to have based their system 
 on more plausible arguments, and to have made it more known and popular, 
 than his predecessors. Cicero calls him ' homo sine dubio versutus et calli- 
 dus ' (N. D. III. 10.), and ' in omni historia cm-iosus,' ( Tusc. JD. i. 45.) A 
 Greek saying is preserved, — et jxt) yap rfv Xpvcrnnros ovk av -f\v 2roa. 
 
 129. Cp. Xen Mem. III. I. 4, waitep 6 KiQapi^eiv /xaOuv, kolv jj.^] Kidapify Ki9apio-T-i)s i&Ti, 
 
 K. T. A. 
 
 ib. Hermogenes, called in Sat. IV. 72, and elsewhere, Hennogenes Tigellius. The 
 first name implies a Greek parentage (perhaps he was a first instalment of the 
 supple set, 'portio fgecis Achaeas/ satirised by Juvenal, III. 61, sqq.) The 
 second is made the ground for a conjecture that he was adopted by L. 
 Tigellius. See sup. v. 3. 
 
 130. Alfenius, a shoemaker of Cremona, who rose to eminence as a lawyer, at- 
 tained the consulship, and was buried with public honours. The word^is read 
 here as a trisyllable, the e being long. 
 
 133. Vellunt tibi barbam, i. e. " mock you." Cp. ' Cynico barbam petulans Xonaria 
 vellat,' Pers. I. 133 : and ' Idcirco stolidam pra^bet tibi vellere barbam Jappiter,' 
 (i. e. "Do you thex'efore think that Jupiter is regardless of vour insults ?" Ib. 
 II. 28. 
 
140 NOTES 0N TIIE 8ATIRES : B00K 1. 8AT. m, iv. 
 
 136. Rumperis. Comp. Jvv. 8. vn. 117. 
 
 137. Quadrans=i of the as=teruMcius. 
 
 ib. Quadrante lavari (as in Juv. VI. 447), " fco bathe aL the loweflt pricc, and 
 among tlie lowest class of bathers." 
 
 139. Et mihi, answering to ncque te. 
 
 140. Stultus. Above, v. 77, — " I in my simplicity shall have more friends, and be 
 " on better terms with them, than you in your philosophy." 
 
 SATIEE IV. 
 
 This contains the poetfs defence of himself and his poetry against detraction. 
 
 In the opening he describes the rise of Eoman satire (vv. 1 — 14), ridicules 
 Crispinus and the reciters of the day, and claims not to be confounded with 
 them (vv. 14—24.) 
 
 He rates his own pretensions modestly, and glances at the character of a 
 true poet (v. 39, sqq.) 
 
 He justifies candid and friendly raillery (vv. 68— 91,) as contrasted with self- 
 ish and ill-natured wit (v. 81, sqq. ; v. 100.) 
 
 Then, paying a tribute to his father's excellence (v. 105,) who ever deterred 
 him from vice and folly by example (the true purpose, with regard to the 
 public, of legitimate satire), and inculcating by his own practice a habit of 
 refiectiveness and self-correction, he skilfully recurs (v. 140) to his original 
 subject, and winds up with the assertion and maintenance of poets' rights. 
 
 1. Cp. Quintil. X. i. 65. Eupolis, mentioned again with distinction in Sat. II. iii. 
 
 12. Cp. Pers. i. 123-4. 
 
 2. ComcedAa prisca. Cp. Ars Poet. 281. The rise of Comedy was later, by a 
 
 generation, than that of Tragedy. There were three diTisions of it, marked 
 by the refinements successively introduced by taste or by public opinion : 
 The Old Comedy, which, in its unrestricted license, dealt with real persons 
 and facts : 2. The Middle Comedy, in which the facts were real, but the names 
 fictitious : 3. The New Comedy, in which both facts and names were 
 fictitious. The distinction of Old and New is marked by Aristotle, Eth. N. iv. 
 14, — tftoi S 5 clv tis nal e/c toiv Kcafxcodicov rccv iraXaicvv /cal rwv KaivuV ro?s jxkv yap 
 i]v ye\o"iov 7] cuVxpoAcr/ta ( <c personal abuse, ") ro7s 8e fxd.Wov 7] inrSvoia (" witty 
 idea.") On the character, libertas, of the Old Comedy, see Cic. de Rep. iv. 10. 
 
 ib. Virorum, ' irXeovaCzi. Sic Lucr. v. 621.' — Gesn. Some explain (with less likeli- 
 hood) " masculine, racy writers," 
 
 4. Sica.rius. iriKtipioSy N. T. 
 
 5. Cum libertate. Cum is apparently pleonastic, but it gives the sense of notabant 
 idque liberrime. (On the apparent ellipse of cum, see Wagner's note on, Virg. 
 Mn. iv. 517 : on the addition of cum, see Madv. Gr. § 257.) With the idea 
 and the phrase, compare Cic. ad Fam. XII. xvi. 3. Juvenal asks (S. I. 151), — 
 
 ' Unde illa priorum 
 ' Scribendi quodcumque animo fiagrante liberet 
 ' Simplicitas ? ' 
 
 6. Lucilius. 'Magnus...Aurunca3 alumnus.' Jv.v. i. 20. For the severity of his 
 
 satire, cp. Ibid. v. 165, and Pers. i. 114. 'C Lucilius...et doctus et perurba- 
 nus,' Cic. de Or. i. 16, (72). Qumtilian (X, I. 94) objects to IIorace's epithet 
 ibr him, lui/ulentus. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. iv. 111 
 
 8. Emunctce naris, " of nice (i. e. keen) judgment." Comp. £a£. I. III. 30, where 
 acutis naribus implies " a qnick sense of the ridiculous." It may mean the 
 same here, or, more generally, " a ready perception of character." Emunctce. 
 This cnrions metaphor has its parallel in the Gr. aTro/j.vaaci} and Kopv(u. Com- 
 pare, as an analogons fignre of speech, purgatam aurem, in E. I. I. 7. 
 
 9. In hora. In, " -within the space of." On the insertion of the preposition, see 
 
 Madvig, Gr. 276 ; 3, 4. 
 
 11. Cum, " since." Lutulentus. So Call. H. Ajpoll. 108, comparing a poem to a 
 river, — 
 
 ra 7roAAa 
 KvfjLara yr)s Ka\ ttoWov e'c/>' vSari avpQerbv eA/cef. 
 Quintilian, X. I. 94, quotes and dispntes this jndgment of Horace. So in Ov. Am, 
 I. xn. 23, — ' Vadimonia garrula.' 
 
 13. Nil moror, " I thihk nothing of that." Cp. E. I. XV. 16 ; II. 1. 264. So Virg. 
 JEn. 11. 287, — ' Nec me quaerentem vana moratur ;' and xi. 365. Moror, " I 
 delay ; dwell on ; regard." Cp. mora in Ov. Am. II. xi. 14. 
 
 ib. Ecce Crispinus, i. e. this is just -what Crispinns does. Here there is a di- 
 gression to the pretenders to poetiy, and the dislike which they provoke. 
 
 14, Minimo me provocat, " challenges me at odds," offering me every advantage, in 
 
 his conceit of superiority. 
 17. Bene fecerunt, i. e. "I thank them." So Arist. Ach. 1050, — KaXcos ye iroiZv 
 tto-ris -f\v. And compare the ungracious acknowledgement, Eur. Med. 533, — 
 own yap ovv &vno~as ob Kanas e%ei. Cp. Lucian, Clw.ron, acl fin. ev 76 iiroirjaas. 
 Tvmon, 29. (Cp. 8. S. Acts, X. 33, — /caAws iiroirjaas.) 
 
 19. See the same metaphor in Pers. V. 11, — 
 
 ' Tu neque anhelanti, coquitur dum massa camino, 
 ' Folle premis ventos ; ' 
 i. e. you are no spouter : and in Jav. vn. 111, (of a vehement advocate.) 
 
 21. Fannius, like Crispinus, one of Horace's ' Dunciad.' 
 
 ib. Ultro delatis, " happy in the desks and bust presented to him by his admirers ; 
 " or, happy in his vanity ; delighted at having sent his works, with his bust, 
 " to the public library." 
 
 22. Imagine. Juven. vn. 29, — ' Ut dignus venias hederis et imagine macra.' 
 
 25. Erue. ' Turba obruit singulos, ex hac igitur erue quemvis.' Cp. Cic. Fam. V. 
 
 ix. 2. [0.] 
 
 26. Ob...anibitione. This change of construction is illustrated from Sallust, Jug. 
 22 ; Liv. xxxviii. 39. It is especially common in Tacitus. 
 
 28. Argenti, sc. "plate." 2Ere, "bronzes," as in Car. IV. viii. 2. 
 
 29. Mutat merces. Virg. Ecl. iv. 39. 
 
 ib. Surgente a sole, etc. i. e. from east to vfest. Cp. Pers. V. 54, — 
 ' Mercibus hic Italis mutat sub sole recenti 
 ' Eugosum piper et pallentis grana cumini.' 
 
 34. Fcenum habet, " he is dangerous," (they cry.) (The horns of vicious cattle 
 were bound with hay. See the anecdote in Plutarch's Life of M. Crassus, ch. 
 vii.) Some have supposed an allusion to bulls tearing up the soil. 
 
 37. Afurno...lacuque, i. e. " the lowest;" pueros et anus, " and the silliest people." 
 Lacus, " the reservoirs." ' Agrippa in sedilitate sua (b. c. 33)...lacus septin- 
 gentos fecit.' — Plin. N. H. xxxvi. 15. (24.) 
 
 39. Poetis. See Madvig, &r, 393, c. and obs. 1 ; also his Opusc. A. Altera, p. 29. 
 
 40. Concludere. So claudere in Ov. Pont. IV. xvi. 36 ; Pers. 1. 93. 
 
 43. Mens divinior. Gesn. compares ' afilatu divino,' from Cic. N. D. 11. 66. 
 
 ib. Os magna sonaturum, i. e. " a lofty style." Cp. 'ore rotundo,' Ars Poet. 323 ; 
 ' magno nunc ore sonandum/ Virg, Geor. III, 294. 
 
112 NOTES ON Tlli: SATIRESi BOOK I. SAT. iv. 
 
 45. Nccn e poema , otc. Cp. Olc. Orat. 20, (07.) 
 
 48. At, "but (you will say)," etc. Pater, sc." iu thc play" foersonatus,?. 5G.) Scc 
 Tercnt. lleaut. V. i. 47, flfgg. 
 
 54. Puris, Kvplois 6v6/xacri, " unadorncd, unmetaphorical." Ars Poet. 234, 
 
 60. 2Von. Connect with invenias, (v. 62.) 
 
 60, 61. Verses taken from Ennius, imitated Virg. Mn, Vii. 622. 
 
 64. Illud, used of what follows, as in v. 77. Cp. Liv. xxvi. 13, — ' IUud irre... 
 
 indicium est.' Madv. Gr. 485, quotes Cic. Dioin. I. 10, 'tum ill/ud imprimis '= 
 " the following circumstance particularly." So in Greek, i^elvos, as in 
 Aj. 94 ; and by itself elliptically, as in Eur. Phcen. 519, — iKetvo 5', ovx ^kwv 
 fxeOncrofxai, where, from its being supposed to depend on /xeOricrofxai, iKeivov was 
 read by Porson : but the old reading is attested by Bacchce, 771, — rd t' aAA' 
 iarlv fxeyas, kclkuvo, (paalv avTov...dfxireKov Zovvai f3poTo7s '• and by Erectheus, 
 Frag. xvn. 43, — 
 
 iKelvo £,' ov to 7rAe7o"TOf eV KOivy fxepos t 
 
 ovk ecrfl' eKovans rr/s ifxrjs \pvxns arep 
 
 irpoy6vcov rraXaia QeafiC oaris e'/c/6aAe7. 
 In all these instances i^eTvo is put absolutely, " and this too," or " but this I 
 say." The same construction may hold good for So-ph. Philoct. 310; but it is 
 pointed in the editions as if iKelvo was an accusative after 0eAet. 
 
 65. Sidcius....Ca2orius, ' delatores et causidici;' v. Schol. 
 
 66. Libellis, " writs of indictment." 
 
 67. Bene. Observe this as an exception to the rule stated on v. 109. 
 
 73. Ov. Trist. V. vii. 27,— 
 
 ' Nil equidem feci, tu scis hoc ipse, theatris : 
 ' Musa nec in plausus ambitiosa mea est.' 
 
 77. Sine sensu. Cp. Sat. I. iii. Q6, i. e. " without observing whether the audience 
 
 like or listen to them." 
 
 78. Tempore...alieno. Martial, III. xliv. 
 
 81. Absentem, etc. This passage is translated in B. Jonsorts Poetaster, Act V. Cp. 
 Eurijp. Hijopol. 1000, — 
 
 ovk iyyeXacTTns tuv 6/xlXovvtccv, iraTep, 
 dAA' avTos ov irapovaL Kayyvs c%v cpikOLS. 
 And Cicero, Epist. Fam. iii. 8, — ' Si ista quse alios loqui dicis, ipse sentis, tua 
 ' summa culpa est ; sin autem alii tecum hsec loquuntur, tua tamen, quod audis, 
 ' culpa nonnulla est. 5 
 
 83, Dicacis. See Donaldson, L. Gr. App. IV. 110. 
 
 86 — 100. The sense is, — "You often see at a party one invited whose whole 
 " occupation (or profession) is to banter the rest. Tou call him a free-spoken 
 " agreeable man. Yet you call me niger, lividus, etc. Now I will give you an 
 " instance which really deserves those epithets." 
 
 86. Quaternos. The distributive numeral, " four on each couch, i. e. twelve in all." 
 A somewhat crowded party therefore (Compare Cic. in Pis. 27, — ' ISTihil apud 
 hunc lautum, nihil elegans, . . . Greeci stipati, quini in lectulis, ssepe plures,') 
 and crowded for the sake of some v.rabra or scv.rra, who would. afford amuse- 
 ment. 
 
 87. Cp. Eur. Melamp. Fr. 29,— 
 
 avopS)v oe iro\\o\ tov y<i\toTOs ovveKa 
 acTKOvcrL x°-P ira s KepTOfxovs' iycv oe irws 
 fxiaS) yeXoiovs 6'hives fxev iir\ aocpav 
 axdXiv'' exovcxL aTo/xara. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. iv. 143 
 
 87. Adspergere. Cp. ' lingua adspergere,' Cic. ad, Her. iv. So below, S. I. Til, 32, 
 perfusus. Cp. ' dicteria dicis in orunes,' Marb. XI. xuv. 
 
 90. This character of a niger answers nearly to Canning's 'Candid Friend,' in the 
 Anti-Jacobin : 
 
 ' Candour, which spares its foes, nor e'er descends 
 ' With bigot zeal to cornbat for its friends : 
 ' Candour, which loves in see-saw strain to tell 
 ' Of acting foolishly, but meaning well : 
 ' Too nice to praise by wholesale, or to blame, 
 ' Convinced that all men's motives are the same ; 
 ' And finds, with keen discriminating sight, 
 1 Black's not so black, nor white so very white. 
 
 ' Save me, oh save me, from the Candid FriencL' 
 94. Petilli. Cp. Sat. I. x. 26. He was said to have stolen the crown from the 
 statue of Jupiter in the Capitol, and to have been acquitted only through the 
 influence of Augustus. Hence the name Capitolinus. This was, however, a 
 regular surname of the gens Petillia. 
 
 100. Hic nigrcB, etc. i. e. " this is the blo.ckness (see v. 85, and v. 91) you condemn ; 
 "this is sheer malignity." (Tou profess friendship, yet insinuate crimes 
 against your friend. Sincerity would repel them as slander ; you admit 
 covertly their truth.) 
 
 101 — 104. JErugo, " copper rust ;" hence, metaphorically, that which eats away 
 (rodit, v. 82) a friend's character. So Martial applies it, — ' Viridi tinctos a?ru- 
 gine versus,' X. xxxiii. 5. JErvgo is used by Jv.v. xiii. 61, contemptuously, 
 for ces, as we use " dross ;" and this sense would not be inapplicable here, as= 
 " a valueless profession, a base counterfeit, of friendship." 
 
 102. Ut si, sc. ut promittam siqv.id ' possum promittere... 
 
 104. Hoc.juris. Cp. 'hoc via juris habet,' Ov. Nux, 134; and 'juris idem,' Tb. 
 138. So ' oflicii...idem,' Fast. I. 46. Cp. Liv. ix. 19, — ' hoc enim robovis erat.' 
 
 105. Irtsueuit... Koc me, "ne trained me to this (i.e.to free speech and raillery) 
 •'• vrhile he marked out, in particular examples, existing vices, that I might be 
 " deterred from thern." Comp. Ter. Adelph. Act III. Sc. in. 60,— 
 
 ' Nil praetermitto, consuefecio, denique 
 
 ' In?picere tanquam in speculum vitas omnium 
 
 ' Jubeo, atque ex aliis sumere exemplum sibi.' 
 
 106. Exemplis. ' Quoniam ratione non poterat, i\ 115, sq.' [O.] 
 
 109. Ut male vivat=" how wretchedly off he is ! " Cp. E. I. xvn. 10. The 
 opposite oi bene, not of recte vivere. Bene esse, ov vivere, mostly signifies " enjov- 
 ment," S. II. II. 120; E. I. VI. 56; recte vivere, "rectitude," as in E. I. xvr. 
 17. So it is opposed to suaviter. in E. I. VIII. 4. So below, v. 134, rectius 
 differs from melius. 
 115 Sapiens, "a philosopher," His exposition of causas is in contrast with 
 exemplis, v. 103. 
 
 123. Judicibvs selectis. See the art. 'Jvdew' in the Dict. of Antiqq. p. 532. 'Prsetores 
 ...jurati debent optimum quemque in sclecios judices referre.' Cic. pro 
 Cluent. 43. Cp. Ov. Trist. n. 132. 
 
 126. Avidos, ' intemperantes ;' v. Schol. 
 
 127. Exanvmat. A frequent word with Cicero. So the subst. exanimatio de Off 
 i. 36. 
 
 128. Teneros, i. e. not yet hardened by vice. 
 
 131. Et istinc, even from those which you impute to me. 
 
 133. Lectulus. Cp. jaceo, S. I. vi. 122, with note; and Bentley's quotation of Plinv 
 
 Ep. v. 5, — 4 Jacere in lectulo suo compositus in habitmn studentis, habere ante 
 
 ^e scrinium ita ut solebat.' 
 
1U NOTES ON TTIE 8ATIRE8 i BOOK I. 8AT. iv, v. 
 
 135. Melius. Soc abore, on r. 100. Bnt on tho root and radical mcaning of fche 
 
 word, see "Donald8on t I '-•, c/i x. p. 393. 
 
 13G. Z2K, maso. gen. according to the idiom noticed on C. II. VI. 14. Cp. istis, 
 
 S. I. vi. 92. 
 
 112. Vel/uM...Judan. A.n intimation of their proselytising spirit. Their nnmbers 
 
 at llomo and their unanimity are referrcd to by Cicero, pro Flaoc. 28. 
 
 SATIRE A. 
 
 This satire is a humorous relation of a journey to Brundisium, in which 
 Horace had bcen invited to accompany Maecenas, who was employed on a 
 state embassy. 
 
 The poet is said to have had for his modcl a similar satire of Lucilius, frag- 
 ments of which are cxtant, the following verses among others : 
 
 ' Verum hsec ludus ibi susque omnia deque fuerunt, 
 
 ' Susque et deque fuere, inquam, omnia ludu' jocusque ; 
 
 ' Illud opus durum, ut Setinum accessimu' finem ; 
 
 ' AlyiXiitoi montes, ^Etnss omnes, asperi Athones.' 
 To what legation and period ' the Journey ' belongs, has bcen a vexata quoestio. 
 It has been commonly referred to the convention and treaty of B. c. 40, at 
 Brundisium. It has also been referred to B. c. 38, when Antony came to Brun- 
 disium to meet Augustus. But it is with most reason referred to the peace of 
 Tarentum, B. c. 37. 
 
 After the war of Perusia (whicli closed witb the sack of the town, in the 
 beginning of the year 40, B. c.) there was still danger indicated of an outbreak 
 between the triumvirs, and of another civil war. But an accommodation, in 
 part helped forward by the death of Fulvia, was ariived at, and the treaty of 
 Brundisium negotiated, by MDScenas, Pollio, and Cocceius. (See Merivale, Hist* 
 cli. xxvn. p. 229, sqq.) The interest attaching to this peace, the longing for 
 it at Bome, and the joy felt when it seemed completed by the treaty of 
 Misenum with S. Pompey in the next year, are supposed to find expression 
 in YirgiTs Fourth. Eclogue. (See Merivale, pp. 232, 243. 8vo. ed.) Sextus, 
 however, unable to enforce his claims on Achaia, refused to fulfil his stipula- 
 tions. War again broke out. Octavian renewed through Maecenas his 
 negotiations with Antony, now in Athens, who promised to act with him. 
 But when he appeared ofF Brundisium with his fieet, he was forbidden to land. 
 A fresh mediation was needed, and resulted in what is called the treaty of 
 Tarentum, B. c. 37 (Merivale, p. 249) ; when a scheme of joint action was 
 concerted, and a renewal of the triumvirate for five years engaged for. 
 
 For determining the date of the Iter Brundisinurii, it is to be observed that 
 this Satire gives no assistance ; it affirms nothing beyond the importance of 
 the interests at stake (v. 28) ; and that the mission was not the first of irs 
 kind (v. 29,) and, incidentally, that it was undertaken in the spring of the 
 year. (This is inferred from the mention of the " frogs' concert " in v. 14.) 
 On a first view it was natural to connect the occasion of it with the negotia- 
 tions of B. c. 40, considering the express mention of Brundisium, and the 
 notoriety and importance of that convention. Accordingly, many commenta- 
 tors (and with them E. H. B. in the recent Dictionary of Geocjraplxy , art. 
 ' Brxuxdisium'') assign this date to the Iter. But there is evidence, negative 
 and positive. to showthat Horace did not enjoy the patronage of Meecenas so 
 early. Negative, because, from the battle of Philippi, fought in October or 
 November, B. c. 42, there could be only about fifteen months down to the 
 period in question. Nearly a year elapsed between the first acquaintance and 
 the subsequent intimacy (nono mense, Sat. I. vi, 61), and so less than half a 
 year would be allowed for the poefs return with the defeated fugitives to 
 Bome, for his settling there, gaining his post of employment, and a favourable 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES: BOOK l. SAT. v. 145 
 
 mention. The positive evidence is, that in Sat. II. VI. 40 (the date of whicli is 
 restrained, by the circnmstances mentioned in vv. 38, 53, and 56, to the year 
 30 or the end of 31, B. c.) it is affirmed that his familiarity with Msscenas 
 (suorum in nuinero) had commenced less than eight years before, i. e. in 38 
 B. c. or 39, at the earliest. 
 
 Kirchner (Qucest. Horat.J gives a full review of the cireamstances, and 
 argues stfongiy for connecting the Iter with the treaty of Tarentum. The 
 difficulty is why Brundisium should be mentioned as the end of the journey, 
 rather than Tarentum. The solution of the difficulty is no doubt conjectural ; 
 but it is to be borne in mind that the Satire is not an explanatory one, nor 
 does it touch on public affairs. Thus, while possibly Brundisium (off which 
 Antony's fieet had arrived) was the intended terminus, Horace, not being a 
 political friend but merely an amusing companion, may well have been leffc 
 behind when the place of meeting was altered, while his patron went forward 
 to meet Octavian. If he went on to Tarentum (as Walckenaer, with a refer- 
 ence to Carm. n. 6, supposes him to have done,) political reserve might be a 
 sufficient reason for his silence on the subject. The opportunity for humoroua 
 description must have ended with the arrival at Brundisium. 
 
 For the topographical details, Wolckenaer, livr. IV. c. 7, may be consulted, 
 and Gibbon's Essay, where he examines this journey, and that of Cicero into 
 Cilicia, as illustrative examples of Roman travelling. I have set down the 
 distances according to Orellfs computation, with Gibbon's variations. The 
 time occupied is- not distinctly expressed in the Satire : Orelli makes it out as 
 seventeen days, Gibbon as twelve, Walckenaer as fourteen. The distance is 
 reckoned by the flrst as 314 miles, two days beir.g omitted ; by Gibbon aa 
 369 ; by Walckenaer as 378 Roman milcs. 
 
 1. Aricia. Connected with the legend of Hippolvtus, Ov. Fa.st. in. 263 ; Virg. 
 2En. VII. 761. Now Riccia, sixteen miles from Rome. 
 
 3. Forum Appi. Now Borgo Lunyo, twenty-seven miles from Aricia. 
 
 4. Malignis, to be taken with cauponibus, not separately. Cp. Scut. I. i. 29. For 
 
 o.tque, in the second place of the sentence, see Sat. I. v. 27 ; VI. 131 ; VII. 12. 
 
 5. Iter divisimus, i. e. " we took two days for our journey to Forum Appii ; 
 
 " more active travellers take but one." 
 
 ib. Altius,..pro3cinctis. Gr. eu&vos. 
 
 6. Appia. See an account of this great road in ArnoMs Hist. ch. xxxn. p. 287. 
 
 8. Indico bellum. Cp. the use of this phrase, Cic. de Senect. 14, — ' Bellum in- 
 ' dixisse voluptati.' 
 
 11. The travellers had now arrived at the Fossa Augv.sti, a canal, called also 
 Decennovium, from its length of nineteen Roman miles, running parallel with 
 the Appian Way. 
 
 12. Huc appelle, " come alongside. here." Gr. irapa$a\ov, or rr]v ixKarov TrapafiaXXov, 
 as in Ar. Rcm. 180 ; Equ. 762. 
 
 io. Trecentos. Sexcenti is the most common term for an indefinite number ; here 
 it ia halved : in Sat. II. m. 61 it is doubled. Compare Carm. III. iv. 79 ; 
 Plaut. Aulul. III. V. 44. 
 
 16. Viator. ' Kauta in navi, viator qui mulam ducebat.' Schol. But this does not 
 accord with v. 19, from which it seems clear that nauta is the " conductor," 
 and therefore that viator must be sorne country passenger. 
 
 21. Feronia...Anxiw. 'Quis Juppiter Anxurus atwis 
 
 ' Prassidet, et vjridi gaudens Feronia luco.' Virg. J£n. vn. 799. 
 
 t 
 
L46 N0TE8 r>.\ TH$ SATIRES i BOOK l SAT. v. 
 
 26. Amw* The Volscian nanio of-Tc.rrncina (see Plin. N. II. III. 9,) twcnty miles 
 (eighteen according to Gibbon) from Forum Appi. 
 
 28. 0< '■ l.nc. Oooceins Nerva, Cos. snffcctus 39 b. c, oonfounded by fche Bohol. 
 
 with liis brother Marcus;'p/oavo(-i.e. " great-grandfather ") tferva impcratori.s.' 
 
 32. Copito...Fonteius, Cos. suffectus 33 b. c. 
 
 ib. Ad factus, i. e. "a most polished, a perfect, gentleman." See A. Poet. 
 
 294. ' 
 
 33. JVoti ut—ut non. So in I?. I. xv. 28 -9, no?i qui. 
 
 34. Aufidio . . .prcetore, a mock-heroic phrase, used in ridicnle of this Jack-in-office, 
 who assumed the title and style of a praetor. Compare Cicero's ridicule of 
 the provincial duumviri for a similar affectation, de Leg. Agr. II. xxxiv. 92. 
 
 ib. Libenter, " willingly," as tired of his pompous attentions, " yet laughing at him." 
 (Some interpret " in high spirits;" but is there any authority for this 
 signification ?) 
 
 35. Pramia, ' insignia dignitatis ;' Y. Schol. " Distinctions " is a meaning properly 
 deduced from its derivation (praz-emo.) Cp. Ov. Fast. i. 12. 
 
 36. Proitextam. Cp. Juv. x. 35. " The robe of office." Prunce botillvm, i. e. for 
 
 sacrifice, as on a solemn occasion. 
 
 37. Hami'rrorum...urbe, i.e. Formias. 
 
 ib. Lassi. This had been a long day's journey, Formiae being twenty-six miles 
 beyond Anxur (Gibbon says twenty-nine.) 
 
 38. Hurena. See Carm. n. 10. His sister was married to Maecenas. 
 
 40. Plotius. M. Pl. Tucca, the same who with Yarius had the editing of the 
 iEneid. These names occur again together Sat. I. x. 81. 
 
 ib. Sinuessce. Now Eocca di Mondragone, eighteen noiles from Formise. 
 
 43. Complexus. Cp. ' Illum complexi ut mos amicorum est/ Cic. Ac. Q., in 
 Procemio. 
 
 45. Campano ponti. Three miles further, according to Orelli, (nine according to 
 Walck. ; eighteen, Gibbon.) 
 
 46. Parochi, public officers appointed to supply Eoman magistrates with necessaries 
 on their journey. See Cic. ad Attic. v. 16. L. Postumius Albinus, Cos. 173 
 b. c, is mentioned by Livy (xlii. 1,) as the first who put the allies of Eome to 
 great expense on this account. 
 
 47. Capuce. Twenty-two miles further, [0.] (seventeen, Walck. ; sixteen, Gibbon.) 
 ib. Tempore, i. e. " we reach Capua early in the day." 
 
 50. Cocceii...villa. Twenty-one miles from Capua. 
 
 52. Sarmenti. An account of this scurra is given by the Scholiast on Juv. V. 3' 
 He had belonged to M. Favonius, slain in the proscription, and whose widow 
 is supposed to be referred to in v. 55. He was freed by Maecenas, and ob- 
 tained a Scriptus qu&storius. Afterwards he fell into poverty. The follow- 
 ing epigram is quoted by the SchoL, and given in Burmann's Anthol. lib. 
 ii. 127,— 
 
 ' Alind scriptnm habet Sarmentus, aliud populus voluerat : 
 1 Digna dignis : sio Sarmentus habeat crassas compedes : 
 'Eustici, ne nihil agatis, aliquis sarmentum alliget.' 
 (In this there is a play on scriptus, " a clerkship," and scriptum, " a stigma;" 
 and Sarmentus and so.rmentum, " a faggot.") A Sarmentus is mentioned by 
 Plutarch, in Life of Antony, as a favourite of Augustus. Walckenaer (vol. I. 
 p. 220) supposes him to be the aame. 
 
 ib. Scurrce. Cp. tlcnjea-av 5e kcCi yeKwTowoiol, in the Thracian entertainment of Xen. 
 Anab. VII. m. 33. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. Y. 147 
 
 52. Messi, Cicirrhi. Messius, a buftbon, with the nickname of Cicirrhus (Gr. 
 
 KiKtppos, kIkkosJ, " a cock." 
 58. Accipio. So Soph. El. 668, — ide^d/xrtv to faQev. 
 ib. Caput et movet, i. e. " he suits the action to the word." Cp. Juv. XII. 6, — ' fron- 
 
 temque coruscat.' 
 
 60. At (=scilicet), used here as a partiele of explanation. 
 
 62. Campanum in morbum, a kind of wart, or excrescence, common in Campania. 
 The cicoirix of v. 60 remained from its excision. 
 
 64. Larva. Here= : ' a mask," C personae pallentis hiatus,' Juv. iii. 175). Gr. 
 fj.opfjLoAi>Keiov. Derived apparently from La/r. ' It appears from the word 
 Larva, that the Lar was represented as a wide-mouthed figure.' Varron. 
 p.180. 
 
 65. Donasset...catenam. Catenam (like fugisset, v. 68.) implies a sharp taunt ; for the 
 
 iniputation of ' fuga ' made a slave out worthless. It is incidentally implied 
 here, that one of the causes of it was likely to be starvation. Donare catenam 
 is a phrase parodied from the bullam Laribus donare of children, when they 
 grew up. 
 68. Unafarris libra,. The ordinary slave allowance was four or five pecks (modii) 
 of corn a month. It was given out on the Kalends, as we leai^n from Plaut. 
 Stichus, 60, — ' Meministis quotkalendis petere demensum cibum.' This, at 2i 
 librce to the rnodAv.s, would give between 3 and 4 pounds as the proper 
 diarium. 
 
 70. Produximus. The majority of MSS. favour prodv.cirnv.s, but [0.] seems to have 
 reason on his side insaying, — ' Concinnius cum perfecto conjungitur vox illarn 
 'quamcum praesenti, quod requireret potius hcmc. 1 Comp. Ter. Ad. 591, — 
 ' Cyathos sorbilans paulatim hunc producam diem.' 
 
 71. Beneventum. Originally Maleventum, the Latin form of the Gr. MaAoeis (cp. 
 
 Tarentum, from Tdpas ; Agrigentum.) But for the popular account of the naiue, 
 and the change of it, see Liv. x. 15 ; IX. 27. It was distant from Cocceius' 
 villa twelve miles (eight, Gibbon.) 
 
 74. Lambere, " to play upon." Virg. 2En. II. 684, — c lambere flamma comas.' 
 
 78. Atabulus, a hot easterly sirocco-like wind. Quintilian, II. viii. 8, quotes the 
 
 word. Plin. N. H. xvn. 24, speaks of it as a blighting wind. 
 
 79. Erepsemus. For like abbreviations, see Sat, I. ix. 73 ; II. iii. 169 ; II. vn. 6S. 
 
 So in Virg. ' vixet, jusso, traxe.' 
 
 80. Fumo. The high situation of this farm, among the Appennines, must have 
 made it damp and cold, even late in the spring. So Walck. vol. i.p. 222. 
 
 86. Viginti et. Observe the singular position of et, belonging to viginti, yet coming 
 after it. 
 
 ib. Redis. Reda, like petorritum, essedum. is said to be a Gallic word. 
 
 87. Oppidvlo. Said by the Scholiast to be Eqvv.s Tuticus, near Ariano. On the 
 name Equ.vs Tuticus, see Varronianus, p. 133, in voc. Touticus, an Oscan word. 
 This, however, was out of the direct road from. Trivicum to Canv.sium, which 
 lay through Ascv.lurn. Some contend that Asculum is meant. 
 
 ib. Quod, versu dicere non est. A Lucilian phrase : 
 ' Servorum est festu' dies hic 
 ' Q.uem plane hexametro versu non dicere possis ; 
 
 where Sigillaria is the name intended. Compare Ovid. ex Pont. IV. xn. 5 ■ 
 
 12 ; and Mo.rtial, IX. XII. 10, sqq. 
 
 88. Venit, " is sold," so scarce is it. Martial, iii. lvi. (quoted by Orelli), makes 
 the same complaint of Eavenna. The antithesis is not, as the forra of worda 
 would suggest, between the superlatives vilissvma and pulcherriynvs. 
 
 t 2 
 
148 N0TE8 ON THE 8ATIRES i BOOK t. 8AT. v, vr. 
 
 89. Ultra, i.e. " to the next Btage." 
 
 91. Aquoe non dilior ur,i'i, i.e. " Canusium ((jni locus, etc.) has not a drop moro 
 
 " water than the other town." (Cp. v. 87.) 
 
 92. Diomede. ITe was reputed tho foundcr of Arpi or Argyripa (cp. XI. 
 
 246,) ('.'/,'".</",//, and Equus Tnticus. 
 
 94. Fessi pervenimus. Both these words imply a longer day's journey than o 
 
 Gibbon infers that thcy did not halt at Canusr- was thirty miles from 
 
 Canusium. 
 
 95. Corruptius . . .via pejor. ' The rcpcated complaints on this subject give rei 
 'for suspecting that the Appian Way then reached only to Capua, and that it 
 ' was not Julius Csesar that carricd it to Brundisium.' Gibbon, p. 344. I 
 was the original terminns of this Queen of lloads ; it was continaed to 
 Beneventum, where it divided into two branches ; the northern one derived from 
 Cnatia the name of Via Egnatia. 
 
 97. Bari. Twenty-two miles from Kubi, c donc comme aujourd'hui habitee par des 
 pecheurs,' Walckenaer . 
 
 ib. Gnatia. Thirty-seven miles from Barium. 
 
 ib. LympMs iratis exstructa. The phrase must signify either (as in the towns of 
 vv. 87, 91) a want of water ; or, as the Scholiast explains r injury done in it3 
 neighbourhood by torrent streams. Cp. Virg. Geor. u. 225. 
 
 99. This prodigy is mentioned in Pliny, N. H. II. 111, (107,) as one of many re- 
 ported instances of latent natural fire, — ' In Salentino oppido Egnatia, irnposito 
 'ligno in saxum quoddam ibi sacrum, protinus flammam existere.' 
 
 100. ' Kecte Bentl. ' Judeei habitabant trans Tiberim, et multo maximam partem 
 'erant libertini....4peZZct autem libertinorum est nomen, satis frequens in 
 'Inscriptt.' [0.] 
 
 101. Securum agere eevum. The Epicurean theory. See Lucret: v. 83, — 'Nambene 
 qui didicere deos securum agere sevum.' 
 
 103. Tristes, i. e. non securos. 
 
 104. Brundisium. Forty-four miles from Egnatia. 
 
 SATIRE VI. 
 
 An answer to his enemies, who out of jealousy reflected on his low birthy 
 and attributed his good fortune to unworthy arts. He appeals first to 
 Mrecenas' generous discernment, and to the principle that merit without rank 
 is superior to rank without merit. He touches on the temptations and in- 
 vidiousness of an elevated station, and recounts his introduction to his patron, 
 with the preparatory character of his earlier, and the simple and contented 
 character of his present life. 
 
 Part of the opening argument is elliptical, and abrupt in expression, 
 (particularly vv. 14—24.) It may be drawn out as follows : — 
 
 You, Mascenas, are of the noblest birth, but this does not make you con- 
 temptuous, nor do you think merit in a lower rank beneath your notice. 
 
 You feel that in all ages men of sterling worth have been found among the 
 humbler classes, and have risen by their worth to eminence ; that, on the 
 other hand, there is demerit in the highest ranks, and that so glaring (e. g. in 
 Laevinus) that even the populace admit it, prone as they are to be dazzled by 
 vain show. What then should I do, educated as I have been to a truer judg- 
 ment, and professing to be superior to, or to see through, popular fallacies ; 
 and moreover sufiiciently rewarded by your discernment and approval ? 
 Should I compete for pubiic honours, things of no intrinsic value, and in the 
 gifjt of the misjudging . ? 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. vi. 149 
 
 No, for suppose I did (y. 19,) there are rivals who niight be preferred to 
 me, and I might even be absolutely rejected as disqualified : nay, I should de- 
 serre it, by straining beyond my proper sphere. But, I rnight plead, — Who 
 does not wish to rise above his sphere ? On the other hand, is any happier for 
 doing so ? Or what does he gain but criticism and censare ? 
 
 Such are the principles I maintain. I have, in accordance with them, kept 
 clear of popular ambition, andtherefore claimed exemption from the jealousies 
 which attend it. 
 
 My elevation i3 not to ofircial rank, or conferred by public caprice : it is 
 due to private sentiment and moral estimation. This is not a matter of 
 chance, nor for jealousy. I have a right to these honours, and I thank my 
 patron, and him who by education fitted me for such patronage. 
 
 1. Lydoriim...Etruscos. 0p.Virg.2En.li. 781; IX. 11. Herodotus (i. 94) gives 
 the story of Lydian emigration to Etruria. The account in Herodotus of tbe 
 Lydian emigration is contradicted by Dionysius Ilalic. 1, and doubt is thrown 
 upon its value as historical fact. For a description of the races of Etruria, 
 their names and language, see Varronianus, ch. i. with fche map by the title- 
 page, and ch. v. § 11. The conclusion there obtained is, that the country was 
 inhabited chiefiy by two dis^tinct peoples, Tyrrheni and Et 
 
 (a.) The Tyrrheni were a brancb. of the great Pelasgian family. SophocJes 
 (Inach. Fr. 256J combines the two names, Tvpvnvolo-i TIeXaayo7s. Both in fact 
 are descriptive names, and are translated : 1. " The tower-builders," from 
 Tvpo-is. i. e. turris (cp. Pindar, 01 n. 70), the Pelasgian settlements being 
 evei-.y where marked by gigantic " Cyclopean " buildings : and 2. " The 
 swai'thy Asiatics," (Varr. v. 37.) 
 
 (j8) The Etrusci, or Hetrusci, were probably of the same stock as the Razti : 
 they are supposed to have invaded and conquered the Tyrrheni, who may, how- 
 ever, have remained in the country as TttploiKoi, especially in South Etruria, 
 while the dominant race held the cities. ( From Liv. x. 4, and ix. 36, it is 
 inferred that the town language difiered from that of the country ; also that 
 the country dialect of Ceere was intelligible as far north as Clusium.) The 
 Etmsci called themselves Rasena (J?ao-4va, Dionys.), a name perhaps cognate to 
 Rceti ; probably meaning " rapid;" and, if so, a natural desiguation of a warrior 
 tribe. Donaldson compares the irodas wkvs of Homei', and the Eoman term for 
 their anciently highest class, Qeleres ; and remarks by the way, that a lead- 
 ing Eaetian tribe has the epithet veloces, in Hor. C. IV. Xiv. 11. 
 
 4. Legionibus. These must have been foreign, i. e. Etruscan armies, for there is 
 
 no Cilnius or Mascenas among the consular names at Eome. Merivale, Hist. ch. 
 xxvn. vol. III. p. 271, (note.J 
 
 5. Naso susjpendis adunco, " you sneer at." Cp. Sat. II. vm. 64 ; and Pers. I. 42, — 
 
 ' Eides,' ait, ' et nimis uncis 
 ' Xaribus indulges ;' 
 and V. 118, — ' Excusso populum suspendere naso.' 
 
 8. Dum ingenuus, i. e. provided he be freeborn, no slave. This general patronage 
 could not of course include slaves. But the son of a libertinus was considered 
 ingenuus. Some (as Gesner) understand it &s=ingenuis moribus ; not so 
 well. 
 
 9. Tulli,..ignobile regnum. Juv. viii. 25, — 
 
 ' Ancilla natus trabeam et diadema Quirini, 
 ' Et fasces meruit regum ultimus ille bonorum.' 
 (Obs. that the contrast of the succeeding lines there is drawn from ' juvenes 
 ipsius consulis ' (Brutus), as here from ' Valeri genus.') 
 
 12. Lcevinum. Laevinus was a cognomen of the gens Valeria. 
 
 15. Judice auo nosti, i. e. " such a judge as you are aware it is ;" (not therefore the 
 same in meaning as quem nosti, " whom you know personally." Compare the 
 difference of nosti qwi sit homo and nosti hominem.J For instances of fchis 
 
150 NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. 8fJ.IT. m. 
 
 idiom(whioh is drawn fromthe Gtreel ad^am.v. 14, — 'Eorumquorum 
 
 oonsuesti ;' Ov. Trist. V. vi. 36, — ' Illo </■ randius illud erit;' Li<\ 1. 
 
 29, — ' Etaptim quibu8 quisque poterat elatis.' Ir i.s to be observed that none 
 of these verbs, n,, oonld govern an aocusative. ' Quorum 
 
 consuesti' is for,' quaa agere consucsti.' Qwi stands, however, in this attraotion 
 beforo the transitive dico. Ter. Heaut. 1. 1. 35, — 
 
 ' Hac quidcm causa qua dixi tibi.' 
 
 17. Imagiuibus. Juv. VIII. 1, — 
 
 ' Longo 
 ' Sanguine censeri pictosque ostendere vultua 
 * Majorum, et stantes in curribus .iEmilianos, 
 ' Et Curios jam dimidios,' sqq. 
 
 20. Decio. Publius Decius Mus, famous for bis self-devotion in the Latin war, 
 340 b. c, as was his grandson in the third Samnite war, 295 b. c. (Liv. X. 27.) 
 Sce Juv. viii. 254. 
 
 ib. Novo. A novus liomo was the first of his family who attained to public honours. 
 So Juv . viii. 237, — ' Hic novus Arpinas, ignobilis.' Compare Marius' speech in 
 Sallust, B. Jug. 85, — ' Me hominem novum...contemnunt novitatem meam, ego 
 illorum ignaviam,' etc. 
 
 Decio novo, i. e. a Decius of undistinguished, untried family ; a ' Villa.ge 
 Hampden.' 
 
 ib. Censor... Appius, " an Appius." Appius Claudius Ccecus was censor 312 — 310 
 B. c, and the searching strictness of his censorship was as proverbial as after- 
 wards was that of Cato. 
 
 22. Propria...pelJe, an allusion to ^Esop's ' Ass in the Lion's skiu.' [0.] quotes 
 Martial, iit. xvi. 
 
 24. Tilli. This Tillius is said by the Scholiast to have been expelled from the 
 
 Senate by J. Caesar, asapartisan of Pompey * and, after Csesar's death, to have 
 recovered his rank. Orelli suggests that he may have been a brother of 
 
 Tillius Cimber, the conspirator. 
 
 25. CJavum, " the laticlave " of the senators. Tribv.no, sc. militum. 
 
 27. Nigris...pellibus, i.e. " the black thongs " fastening the senator's shoe. Themen- 
 tion of a crescent on the shoe is added by Juv. vn. 192, — ' Appositam nigraB 
 Lunam subtexit aluta3.' Comp. the half-comic description, ' mutavit calceos,' 
 Cic. Phil. XIII. 13. 
 
 29. Aud.it continuo. Cp. Eurip. Ion, 601, — Tr6\ei \po4>ov irXsa. (with the context.) So 
 Cic. de Ojf. II. xiii. 3, — ' Siquis...habet causam celebritatis et nomiuis aut a 
 patre acceptam...aut aliquo casu atque fortuna ; in hunc oculi omnium con- 
 jiciuntur, atque in eum quid agat, quemadmodum vivat, inquiritur,' 
 
 37. Mortales, i. e. homines. Cp. ' mortalem,' S. II. VI. 58. Cp. Liv. xxvn, 5, — 
 
 ' Multis mortalibus cum alia omnis generis pra^da captis.' See Plautus, Men. 
 xxx. and Hildyard's note. 
 
 38. Syri, Damcb, common names for slaves. 
 
 39. Saxo, sc. the Tarpeian rock. Cadmo, i. e. the executioner. 
 
 40. Novius, an obscure person. 
 
 43. Magna sonabit, a quality of value in a mob-orator. Danton (in France) 
 
 possessed it. Herodotus, vn. 117, raentions it. So Homer (before the inven- 
 tion of trumpets, it must be rememberedj, II. e. 785. Cp. £. 148. 
 
 44. Tubas, used at funerals. So Pers. III. 103, — ' Hinc tuba, candela?.' 
 49. Forsit. aira^ Aeyo/ievov. Honorem, i. e. " a public post, ofiicial rank." 
 
NOTES ON TSE SATIBES : BOOK I. SAT. vi. 151 
 
 54. OUm. So in v. 47. This word seems to iniply fehat the satire was written at a 
 considerable interval after Philippi. See further markings of time in Sat. 
 
 II. VI. 40. 
 
 57. Infans, not " speechless " absolutely, bnt " slow of speech ;" used nearly iu the 
 primitive sense. Lucret. (v. 1030) has the subst. ' infantia lingua?.' Cic. de 
 Cl. Or. i(XXX. 278, — ' Ubi ardor animi qui etiam ex infantium ingeniis elicere 
 ' voces et querellas solet. 5 
 
 59. Satureiano. Satureium, or Saturium, was in the neighbourhood of Tarerdum- 
 Orelli quotes mention of it in the oracle given to Phalanthus, in Strabo, VI. 
 
 III. 2, — %aTVpi6v toi o&Ka TapavTa Te -niova drjfxov. 
 
 ib. Caballo. A rustic or low-class term for "horses;" yet the term from which 
 the Fr. cheval, the Eng. cluvalry and cavalry are derived. 
 
 67. Ncevos. Cic. de 01. Or. 313, — ' Totum me non neevo aliquo aut crepundiis, sed 
 
 ' corpore omni videris velle cognoscere.' 
 
 68. 3Iala lustra, " low haunts, scenes of dissipation." Cp. Lucret. IV. 1132, — 
 ' Desidiose agere aetatem lustrisque perire.' Cp. Liv. xxv. 43. 
 
 71. Qui macro pav.per agello, i. e. "poor as he was, he afforded me a better educa- 
 tion than usuah" 
 
 72. Flavi ludum, i. e. the grammar school of the place. 
 
 74. Suspensi. Cp. o tV irf)pav H-npTnfxzvos, Lucia.n, Yit. Auct. vn. 
 
 75. Octonis...Idibus, i. e. " the Ides of eight months in the year." Martial (x. 62) 
 clearly implies that the schools were closed for the four summer months, from 
 the Ides of June to those-of October. His lines are as follow : 
 
 ' Ludi magister parce simplici turbse ... 
 
 ' Alba? Leone flammeo calent luces, 
 ' Tostamque fervens Julius coquit messem : 
 ' Cirrata loris horridis Scytha? pellis, 
 ' Qua vapulavit Marsyas Celseneus, 
 ' Ferulasque tristes. sceptra pa?dagogorum, 
 ' Cessent et Idus dormiant in Octobres,' 
 Octonis has been variously explained. 1. ' Quia Idus omnes in octavum post 
 Nonas diem rneidunt,' (but this according to Eoman calculation is not true.) 
 2. ' Sive, ut ait Lambinus, Iduum dies sunt octo.' [O.] 3. ' De exercitiis 
 puerorum qui computarent sera,' i. e. ' qua3 Idibus exigerentur. OctontB...qma> 
 post Nonas sunt octo.' (Zewn.) 4. It has been thought that octovce may be 
 equivalent to ' Octobres.' (There is something plausible in tbis last, if it be 
 not an anachronism ; for the year in the Augustan age began with January, 
 not March, as anciently.) But the interpretation given first of all is the best. 
 The only difnculty is Macrobius' statement that ' Martio mense mercedem 
 exsolvebant magistris quam completus annus deberi fecit,' (Mo.cr. Saturn. I. 
 12.) But this is done away by Becker's explanation, that the monthly pay- 
 ments and the four months' holiday belonged only to the poorer and inferior 
 schools. In the higher schools the payments were annual, and made prob- 
 ably in March, after the Quinquo.tria. He cites Ov. Fast. iii. 829. The verse 
 of Juvenal, x. 116,—' Quisquis adhuc uno partani colet asse Minervam,' he in- 
 terprets as referring to the Minerval, or entrance fee. (See the dissertation 
 in Bed:er's Gallus, especially p. 194.) 
 
 78. Yestem, servosque. It was natural that a raised scale of expenses, and an at- 
 tendance not needed at the provincial school, or vmere the poefs grade in life 
 was known and defined, might be called for, as the consequence of sending 
 him to Eome. The number of attendant slaves was a standard of wealth. 
 This is implied in Sat. I. III. 12. Comp. Juv. III. 141, — ' Quot pascit servos ?.'" 
 
NOTl iK 1. SAT. v(. 
 
 79. /- . < . " as wa iu a populous and fasbionablc ci 
 
 Tbis is fche punctuation and construction adopted by Bentley and Orelli. 
 Some take ut si fcogel her. 
 
 82. 1 pudore abstincntcrn . 
 
 83. Q s Burko bas expressed it, — ' Tbat sensibility of 
 
 ' principL . v hich fell b a wound.' Cp. Juv. 
 
 vui. 83, — ' Summum crede nefas animam prseferre pudori.' 
 
 81. Ab . . .opprobrio qv.oque. Cp. S. Paul, — ' Provide things honeat in fche sight of all 
 men.' Rom. xii. 17. 
 
 90. Dolo ..sito, "by theirown fault." There is an idiomatic abbrcviation hcre. 
 The full construction would be, — ' Kon sic me defendam, ut magna pars ' (not 
 negat, bnt) ' se defendit negcmdo.' Cp. Ov. ■. 167, — ' Quod potuit, ne 
 
 nil illic ageretur amavit,') i.e. ' quod potuit fecit,' scil. ' amavifc.' See Hermann, 
 ad Vigerum adnot. 194, c. There is an excellent instance of this construction 
 in Soph. Trach. 1018—52,— 
 
 OVTTCO TOLOVTOV 01/t' CLKOLTLS 7] Aihs 
 
 TTpovdnKev 
 
 olov t6V 7} SoXcoiris Olvecos Kupn 
 
 Ktz6r)\pev tofiois tols ifioTs 'EpLvvcov 
 
 ixpavTOv aacpiBXvcrTpov. 
 i. e. oTov /x6x8ov irpGv6r)Kev Kadd^/aaa Tfioe, k. t. X. 
 
 (The same construction is in the Greek, and in onr version, of the EpAstle 
 to the Romans, viii. 3.) 
 
 92. Istis, sc. ' istornm voce et ratione.' See C. II. VI. 14. 
 
 98. Honestos. Withthis usage of the word, Orelli compares Plaut. Capt. II. in. 32. — 
 'Me honore honestiorem semper fecit.' (Comp. sup. v. 36, ' inbonestus. 
 abl. case.) But tbere is much in favour of the var. reading honustos, It is 
 in one of the best MSS. the St. Gallen : it is a genuine form, (see Lucr. iii. 
 113, and Mumros note :) also it corresponds with onus in r. 99. Many MSS. 
 have onustqs. Lambinus decidedly approves it. Honestos indeed may bear 
 the same meaning : compare Varro, Lat. Ling. V. 73, — ' Honos ab honere, sive 
 onere, itaque honestum dicitur qtiod oneratum ; et dictum, — Onus est honos 
 qui sustinct rempublicam.' Ausonius, Id. IV. 94, sqq., seems to have 
 imitated Horace, and pkiys on the senses of honor, onus, oneratus. 
 
 101. Salutandi. See on E. I. vir. 8. ' Explicat Heindorf ' salutatores plures 
 ' accipiendi.' Prseter Gic. ad Fam. vn. 28; ix. 20: poterat afferre etiam 
 Senecse illud de Brev. v. 2, ' Quam multis nihil liberi relinquit circumfusus 
 clientium populus.' Non tamen ejus int. comprobo.' [0.] The general sense 
 of the passage is expressed, and more fully, in Xen. Ci/rop. VII. iii. 40, — ? H 
 "yap ovtcos, d> ~2,a.Ka, viroXa/uiBdveLS cos iyco vvv tooovtcu r t diov ££< oocp irXeico K^KTTjuai; 
 ovk oloda, ec\.r), oti iodico Kal nivct) Kal KaOevSco ovb" otlovv vvv rjdiov t) totc oVe irivr\s 
 i)v ; otl oe ravTa iroXXd iorL, toltovtov KepSaivco, irXeico fiev cpvXaTTeiv 5e7. rrXeico f e 
 aXXoLs Biav4fi€Lv irXeiova 5e iirtfie\o6fievov TrpdjfiaTa exei?/. Kvv yap Sr) ifie 
 iroXXol fikv olKerai ctItov o.Itovctl, rroXXol 5e ine7v, ttoXXoI 5e IfxdTia. 
 
 104. Curto, ' curfcata cauda :' v. Schol. ' Cujus tamen moris Britannici aliud 
 ' vcstigium apud Bomanos non superest...melius explices...viii, exigni prefcii.' 
 Orelli. 
 
 107. Sordes. The " meanness " consisted in the taking with him no friends fep". v. 
 102), and only five (cp. Sat. I. III. 12) attendants (laden too with such 
 ntensils), when he was invested with a dignined and wealthy magistracy. 
 
 103. Lasanum. Suidas, in voce, — Xacrava, ol x uT ,°o7ro5es (" foot-pans ") Ka\ te 
 fiayeipela (i. e. " kitchen utensils.") Cp. Aristoph. Pac. 893. 
 
 ib. CEnophorum. Pers. v. 140, — ' Jam pueris pellem succinctus et cenophorum 
 aptas.' 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES .• BOOK I. SAT. vi, vn. 153 
 
 111. Milibus atque aliis, (" happier than you) and thousands besides." (Orelli takea 
 aliis as neuter, " in a thousand other respects." In this case, could the sub- 
 stantive be understood?) 
 
 112. i. e. " I go where I will, unnoticed and at my ease ; ask what questions, look 
 1 on at what sights I like." 
 
 113. Fallo.cem...vespertinum, epithets iraplying the place and time frequented by 
 jugglers, hawkers, fortune-tellers (divinis), etc. 
 
 116. Lajpis albus, "a marble slab." 
 
 117. Echinus, probably=conc7ux soMs, as in SoA. I. III. 14; or, as the Scholiast, — 
 ' Vas seneum in quo cahces lavantur.' 
 
 118. Patera, " a saucer," used especially for libation, as in Virg. Geor. II. 192, — 
 
 ' Purum et sine labe salinum 
 (' Quid metuas ? ) cultrixque foci secura patella.' 
 Cp. ' Salinum patellamque deorum causa habere,' Liv. xxvi. 37. 
 ib. Guttus, " a cruet " with narrow neck, for pouring out drop by drop (guttatim.) 
 Orelli cites Vo/rro, Lat. Ling. v. 124, — ' A guttis guttum...a, sumendo simpulum 
 ' nominarunt. In hujusce locum in conviviis e Graecia successit epichysis et 
 ' cyathus ; in sacrificiis remansit guttus et simpulum.' 
 
 120. Marsya. The statue of ITarsyas in the Forum. The emblematic meaning of 
 his position there is given in the Biogr. T)ict. The attitude of the statue, lean- 
 ing forward with raised arms, is here in jest interpreted as an attitude of 
 defence against, or abhorrence of, Novius and his usury. 
 
 122. Jaceo, i. e. ' lectulus me excipit,' Sat. I. iv. 134. ' Cave accipias pro dormio.' 
 ' Jacere hic est perinde ac studere,' Bentl. Cp. E. I. xvn. 6 ; xviil. 31. 
 
 124. Natta. ' Hinc idem nomen desumpsere, Pers. III. 31 ; Juv. VIII. 95.' Or. 
 
 126. Lusumque trigonem, " the game at ball." Cp. Mo.rtiol, VII. lxxii. 9 ; XII. 
 lxxxiii. 3. Trigonem is here an adjective. The word is derived from Gr. rpi- 
 ywvos, the players being three, and forming a triangle. (For comments on 
 another reading, — fugio rabiosi tempora signi, — and inferences as to the value 
 of the Horatian MSS., see the Notes and Excursus of Orelli.) 
 
 122. Vagor ; aut ego...ungor. Lecto aut scripto expresses the occupation until about 
 ten, ad quartam. Then he goes out for a stroll, or else pi-epares to take part 
 in the games of the Campus. Compare with this whole description Cic. ad 
 
 Fam. ix. 20, — ' Haec est igitur nunc vita nostra : mane salutamus domi ubi 
 
 ' salutatio defluxit, litteris me involvo, aut scribo aut lego. Veniunt etiam 
 ' qui me audiunt Inde corpori omne tempus datur.' 
 
 SATTRE VII. 
 
 This satire contains the humorous and sarcastic description of a quarrel be- 
 tween a rich merchant and money-lender of Clazomenae, and an officer on the 
 staff of Brutus, when acting as praetor in Asia. It is said by the Scholiast, 
 that Rupilius had given Horace personal provocation, by sneering at his low 
 birth. Any way, both in his case and in that of his adversary, there must 
 have been magnum spectaculiiiu to the poet and his friends, and a lesson to 
 purse-proud vulgarity and domineering insolence too good to be lost. 
 
 There is nothing in the other Satires resembling this one, if we except Sat. 
 v. 52 — 89, in which the professed jester's sham-fight admits of an evident com- 
 parison with the real acrimony of these disputants, notwithstanding the 
 difference of rank and station. 
 
 1. Rex Rupilius, a Roruau eques, native of Prseneste, who, when proscribed by the 
 Triumvirs, joined the party of Brutus. 
 
15i NOTES ON Tlli: BATTRES i BOOK I. 3AT. vit. 
 
 •J.. Hybrida, "mongrel." ' Patre Asiatico, matre Romana. Civitatem Romanam 
 obtinuerat.' Schol. Compare the term imiovos, to denote tlie mixed extrac- 
 tion of Cyrus the Great, in HeroO. I. 91. 
 
 3. Lippis. Inflamcd or weak eyes was a malady prevalent at Rome. The two 
 classes here mentioned were proverbial as newsmongers. Bentley qnotes 
 Plautu8, AnvpMtr. IV. i. 5, — ' In medicwvis, in tonstrvrris, ennmerated, ina li.st of 
 
 places of concourse. So it was at Athons. Arist. Plutus, 338, — 
 A07CS 7' r\v vr\ tov 'HpaKkfa tt6\vs 
 iv\ to7<ti Kovpsioicri twv KaQrj/xivcvv . . . 
 Cp. Pohjb. III. 20, — KOvpsaKT) Ka\ 7raV8?i«09 AaAid. 
 
 6. Durus, " pig-headed, obstinate." OOAo corresponds in meariing to the adj. 
 molesti (v. 10), " annoyance." 
 
 7. Cnnfidens, used in a bad sense, and so contrasting with the uncompounded 
 fidens. See Cic. Tusc. Qu. 111. 7, (14.) 
 
 8. Equis albis prcecurrere denotes easy or evident superiority ; " to go far ahead 
 
 of ; to distance." (With a different application, but a proverbial usage, not 
 unlike this, tWots Qoa?s stands for quam celerrime in Pindar, Hyporch iv. 6.) 
 " White " was an accepted term for the best horses. As such they appear in 
 the poets. Hom. II. k. 437 ; Virg. Mn. XII. 84. Compare Pindar's XevKo- 
 irwXcvv TwdapiBav, Pyth. I. 66. They were assigned to divinitics (see the 
 legend of the battle of Regillus in Arnold, Hist. ch. VII. p. 118, taken from 
 Dionysius), and used in the triumphal car. For practical purposes, however, 
 they are disparaged in the Georgics, III. 82. 
 
 10. Hoc...sunt...jure...quo, " they are (or act) just like," etc. 
 
 13. Ultima...mors. C. E. II. II. 173, with Bentley's note ; and Gr. irvixdry 
 oKiQpw, IFusceus, Hero. Le. 1. ult. 
 
 16. Diomedi...Glauco. An interpretation of the episode in Hom. II. (. 119, sqq. ; 
 scarcely fair to Glaucus, yet seemingly invited by the concluding lines 
 (v. 236— 7) — 
 
 T6ux 6 ' <x,ueipev 
 Xpvcrea xaAKetcoj/ e/caTdu/3ot' ivveafioicov. 
 
 19. Asiam, Asia, the Roman province : its limits are no where exactly defined. 
 
 20. Corwposi tum, sc. par, " a pair of gladiators matched." So, 'gladiatorum com- 
 positiones,' Cic. ad Fam. II . 8. 
 
 22. Ridetur seems to be used impersonally. 
 
 23. Cohortem. So Epist. I. m. 6 ; I. vm. 14. The staff or retinue of Brutus. So 
 
 Tibull. I. iii. 2. ' Ipse (sc. Messalla) ' cohorsque,' Cic. ad Qu. Fr. I. 1. 4. 
 
 25. Canem, i. e. Caniculam. Virg. 2En. x. 274. 
 
 27. Fertur quo rara securis, i. e. " in a precipitous place." 
 
 28. Multo fluenti: ©pacrvvo/xivcp Ka\ ■noXXcZ piovTi KaQ' v/jlcov ovk e?|a. Demosth. de 
 
 Cor. 173, p. 272. 
 
 30. Vindemiator, " UTce a rough vine-pruner." 
 
 31. Cuculum, " cuckoo," a common joke. Cp. Aristoph. Equ. 697, irepieK^KKvcra 
 . ' (==" I laugh at him,") explained by Plin. H. N. xviii. 26, {66,) as originating 
 
 in a jest upon the sloveniiness of those vine-dressers, whose vines were not 
 pruned before the cuckoo came. Compare the curious passaee in Arist. Aves, 
 501—508 : 
 
 At7V7TToi> 8' av Ka\ ^oivIkvs irdarjs k6kkv£ fiacriXtvs r)v' 
 X&Troff 1 6 k6kkv£ et7rot k6kicv, tot6 7' ol $>olviK€S dnavTas 
 rovs Trvpovs av Ka\ Tas KpiQas iv to?s -nediois i8epi£ov. 
 tuit ap' €Ke7v' r)v tovttos aXvQ&s' k6kkv, \pw\o\ 7re5tW8e. 
 
 32. Aceto= et sharp wit." Plaut Pseud. II. iv. 49, 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES: BOOK I. SAT. vn, vnr. 155 
 
 35. Regem. Besides the play of meaning in this word (with which Orelli compares 
 Cic. ad Att. I. xvi. 8),jugulas is (by metaphor) capable of a double sense ; it 
 is used of a repartee in Ter. Eun. III. i. 27, — 
 
 ' Pulchre mehercle ! dictum et sapienter, papse ! 
 ' Jugularas hominem/ (Eng. "You settled him.") 
 
 SATIEE VIII, 
 
 This Satire is a speech put into the mouth of Priapus, the scare-crow deity 
 ofgardens. It contains invectives against Canidia (see Epode v. and the 
 introductory note ; and compare Epode xvn. 58,) and implied compliments 
 to Maecenas, who had reclaimed and converted into gardens the Puticuli on 
 the Esquiline hill. These Puticuli were sand-pits, which, when their stores 
 had been used up, were left open, as common receptacles for the corpses of 
 suicides, slaves, and criminals. The contemptuous tone of v. 10 is worth 
 remarking, as an exemplification of the contrast between the heathen and 
 the Christian usages and ideas ; and this contrast will be heightened by con- 
 sidering that these very sand-quarrie3 of the Esquiline grew eventually into 
 the famous ' Catacombs/ which were known for ages, first as the hiding-place, 
 then as the cemetery, of the Christians of Eome. 
 
 1. Truncus...ficulnus. Theocr. Epigr. IV. 2, — ovkivov evprjcreis apnyKvipes %6avov. 
 
 (A fig-wood statue of Priapus.) 
 3. Furum aviumque...formido. Cp. Virg. Geor. IV. 110. 
 
 8. Huc portanda, i. e. slaves would lay out on a wretched bier the corpses of 
 
 their fellow-slaves, for conveyance hither. 
 
 ib. Ejecta...cellis, " cast out from the dens they lived in." (Angustis cellis sounds 
 at first like Gray's ' narrow oell,' but has nothing really in common with it.) 
 
 10. Commune. Such sepulture in ante-Christian times was looked on as con- 
 temptible. See Maitland on the Catacomhs, p. 39, whoremarks on this passage. 
 (There is some mistake in his rendering of it.) 
 
 12. Mille pedes, i, e. " a frontage of 1000 feet, with a depth of 300." 
 
 13. Heredes. The lettei-s h. m. h. n t . s. (=' hoc monumentum heredem non 
 
 sequitur ') were commonly engraved on tombs, to deprecate any alienation of 
 the ground to other purposes. The mention, however, of a cippus here, 
 where there was as much exposure as sepulture of corpses, is merely a joke. 
 
 14. Salubribus, i. e. made so by Maecenas. 
 
 15. Quo—' in quo : non repetita pra?p. in post in aprico,' [O.] The sense is, — 
 " Now there are sunny walks and cheerful views, where lately ajl was gloom 
 " and whitening bones." 
 
 22. Ossa legant. Ov. Her. VI. 90, — ' Certaque de tepidis colligit ossa rogis.' 
 
 ib. Herbasque. Comp. Soph. PiCot6/.coi, Frag. 479, a passage imitated by Virg. JEn. 
 iv. 513. 
 
 25. Majore, sc. rnajore natu, to distinguish her from her younger sister. So 
 maximus is used absolutely, E. I. n. 1, 
 
 28. Cruor...ut inde. This remarkable superstition, of the ghosts gathering round 
 sacrificial blood, is in Hom. Od. \. 34, sqq. 
 
 30. Cerea. Virg. Ecl. vm. 80. 
 
 32. Scrvilibus . . .peritura modis. Compare Liv. XXIV. 14; XXXII. 38, — ' In servilem 
 * modum lacerati.' (For the Syntax, see sup. Sat. I. III. 10.) 
 
 35. Canes. Virg. JEn. VI. 257. 
 
 42. Va/rice...colubrm, " spotted snakes." 
 
 48. Caliendmm, " a head dress." 
 
 u 2 
 
156 X0TE8 "\ rm: 8ATIRE8: BOOK I. 8AT. 
 
 SA.TIRE IX 
 
 ii 
 
 The favour of Miecenas exposed Horace to detraction, as we see in Satires 
 iv. and VI. So it invited sycophancy : and here we have a lively Satire on an 
 intruder, forcing himself on the poetfs acquaintance. It has been thought 
 that Propertius was the bore thus satirised ; but there is no evidence of it : 
 the description has also been compared with the third character of Theo- 
 phrastus, but on little grounds. See Walckenaer, vol. i. p. 281. The Satire 
 was no doubt founded on fact. The character is humorously copied by 
 Moliere, in the first Scene of Les FAcheux. Compare too Ben Jonson, The 
 Poetaster, Act III. Se. I. In the course of the dialogue, incidentally, isasserted 
 the honourable and independent relation which existed between the poet and 
 his patron. There is a curious and difficult allusion to the Jews in v. 69. 
 
 4. Quid agis ? " How are you?" — the common form of salutation. Compare 
 E. I. iii. 15. But see a double meaning put on it in Cic. pro Planc. 14, — 
 ' Quid agis, Graui ? . . . Imo vero tu, Druse, quid agisT a retort upon him as 
 ' multa in rempublicam molienti.' 
 
 ib. Dulcissime rerum. Compare, for this phrase, Ovid, Art. Arn. i. 213; Jfetam. 
 vin. 49; XII. 502. The Greek 6.piaTa avOpvirwv, (i. e. " the best way in the 
 world,") as in Plat. Thecet. 15, is nearly the converse of it. 
 
 5. Cupio, etc. Cp. ' Omnia quae tu vis, ea cupio,' Plaut. Pers. V. i. 14. Id. Rv.d. 
 IV. iv. 1. 
 
 6. Num quid vis ? A phrase of bidding " good-bve." See Plautus, Aulul. II. i. 
 
 53; Ter. Eun. II. m. 49. 
 
 7. Noris=" you must know me, surely." This is better than construing it as a 
 
 wish. 
 
 8. Misere...queerens. So again v. 14. Cp. Ter. Andr. III. n. 40; Hea.ut. IV. i. 36. 
 
 Compare the Greek compound, dvaepvs ; and Ov. Her. vn. 30, — ' pejus amo.' 
 Compare too the Virgilian phrase, ' dira cupido,' Georg. i. 37 ; JEn. ix. 185. 
 
 11. Cerebri felicem. Comp. Sat. I. v. 21, cerebrosus ; i. e. Bolanus would have rid 
 himself of the man at once, by flying into a passion. Bolanus is a cognomen 
 derived from Bola, a town of the iEqui. 
 
 15. Jam duJ.um. "Wagner writes jandudum — ' M in compositi3 ante d mutatur in 
 
 ' n.' Or the words may be written separately. Here, S. has jam video dudum. 
 
 16. I cannot think Orelli's punctuation of this verse an improvement upon the 
 common text. Hinc weakens and interferes with the sense, if joined with 
 persequar (if he had not been persequens all along, it might have some mean- 
 ing.) And, unless the sentence is interrogative, nunc is out of place, and 
 cumque is wanted. The sentences run thus : " Tou want to get away ; it is 
 " of no use ; I shall hold on, and follow you fper) to the end. Where may 
 "you be going to next ?" Then the next line is natural as a reply. Bentley 
 reads with some MSS. prosequar ; the difference of meaning is worthnotice, — 
 ' Prosequar esset, officii causaporro sequar.' 
 
 18. Cubat. 0v. Her. xx. 166. 
 
 ib. Ccesaris hortos. The gardens or pleasure grounds bequeathed fSv.et. Jul. Cces. 
 83) by Julius Csesar to the people. They were beyond (i. e. on the right 
 lank of) the Tiber. 
 
N0TE8 ON THE SATIRES: BOOK I. SAT. ix. 157 
 
 21. Subiit. On the quantity of this termination, see Lachmann, Lucr. III. 1042. 
 
 22. Viscwm, mentioned again Sat. I. x. 83. Varium, Carm. i. 6. Hermogenes, Sat. 
 I. iii. 129. 
 
 28. Comjposui, i. e. " I have buried them all." 
 
 32. Laterum d.olor=pleiiritis, Sclwl. Qu. Whether laterum rlolor and lateris dolor 
 
 are properly the same ? Lateris dolor, in Cic. de Or. III. n. 6, was no doubt a 
 sudden and short illness. such as " pleurisy." But latera specially signifies 
 " lungs," and laterum dolor might be inferred to mean " lung-disease," or 
 " consumption." 
 
 33. Quando . . .cumque, " at some time or other." This is properly an elliptical con- 
 
 struction ; but so quicuraque, qualiscumque, are commonly used ; so ubicurnque, 
 Sat. I. ii. 62. 
 
 35. Quarta . . .parte diei, i. e. hora ,tertia. Martial, Ep. IV. tiii. marks out the occu- 
 pations of a Roman day, — 
 
 ' Prirna salutantes atque altera, conterit hora, 
 
 ' Exercet raucos tertia causidicos. 
 ' In quintam varios extendit Eoma labores ; 
 
 ' Sexta quies lassis ; septima, finis erit. 
 ' Sufiicit in nonam nitidis octava palaestris ; 
 
 ' Imperat extructos frangere nona toros. 
 ' Hora libellorum decima est, Eupheme, meorum 
 
 ' Temperat ambrosias cum tua cura dapes.' 
 
 37. Perd.ere litem, sc. d.ebebat. The general phrase corresponds to the Gr. o^Aetj/ 
 Bikvv, " to lose the action ;" or if " by default," 6cp. S. ip^fji-nv \ but here litem 
 must mean " the bail deposited." 
 
 38. Si me amas. ' Si quicquam me amas,' Cic. ad, Att. V. xvn. Compare amaho 
 te, or simply amabo, as a phrase oi entreaty, in, e. g. Cic. ad Fam. II. 7 ; Ter. 
 Eun. III. iii. 28. 
 
 ib. Ades, as in Plaut. Amph. IY. in. 3, — c Advocatus mihi adsis.' Cp. Liv. xxvi. 
 48, aderat, explained as it is immediately afterwards by ad.vocatis partis 
 utriusque. So Gr. irapstvcu, e.g. Demosth. p. 890, 26; 911, 7. 
 
 44. Paucorum hominum, i. e. " keeps little company ; admits few persons to hia 
 "society; and shows his wisdom in doing so." Cp. E. I. ix. 4, — ' legentia 
 honesta/ For the idiom, see Ter. Eun. III. i. 18, — 
 ' Th. Imo sic homo 
 ' Est perpaucorum hominum. Gn. Imo nullorum, arbitror, 
 ' Si tecum vivit.' 
 
 44 — 48. These verses are variously divided by editors, between Horace and hia 
 follower. It seems most natural to assign them entirely to the latter, who ia 
 too loquacious (u. 33) to wait for an answer. 
 
 46. Ferre secundas, " to play the second part to you," as a SevTepayuvLVTris, 
 whose business it was to help and show off the leading actor to the greatest 
 advantage. Cic. in Qu. Ccecil. 15. 
 
 47. Hunc hominem, sc. rae. t6vog tov &vopa, as in Soph. Aj. 78, et passim. 
 53. Sic habet (elliptical), as Gr. ovtws ex et - 
 
 56. Aditus. Virg. Mn. iv. 293,— 
 
 ' Temptaturum aditus et quse mollissima fandi 
 ' Tempora.' 
 
 57. Cp. Juv. iii. 184, — 
 
 ' Quid das ut Cossum aliquando salutes ? 
 
 ' prsestare tributa clientes 
 
 ' Cogimur, et cultis augere peculia servia.' 
 
158 NOTES ON THE 8ATIBE8 : BOOK I. sat. ix. 
 
 59. Nil sinc magno...labore, 8oph. Elect. 915; Xen. Mem. II. i. 20, (quoting 
 Epicha/m 
 
 64. Prensare. Pressore is a reading, seemingly of less authority. Orelli says of ifc, — 
 ' Sic dedi cum Scbol. et Codd. aliq. Postquam volsa erant brachia pr 
 ' jam vix poterant sed pressari, nisi statnes uo-Tepo»/ •n-p^Tepo»'.' Yet tbe attempt 
 expresscd in preusare seems to correspond to tbe adj. lentus, i. e. "yielding, 
 " unresisting, so as to give no firm bold or support." 
 
 69. Tricesima sabbata. This seems most naturally interpreted to mean " tbe 30tb 
 day of the month," ' Qua3 Judsei Neomenias dicunt.' Schol. Comp. 
 i. 13, 14; Psalm lxxxi. Dacier calculated tbat the Pascbal festival, 
 reckoned from the first of September, would fall in the 30th week. Orelli 
 quotes B.oeder's calculation, tbat from April, tbe beginning of the Jewish 
 sacred year, to October, there would be twenty-five Sabbatbs ; that in the 
 first fourteen days of that month (the 7th) there were, besides the two regular 
 Sabbaths, tbe two festivals, viz. tbe Feast of Trmnpets and the Day of Atone- 
 ment (see S. S. Numb. xxix.) ; and that, as these festivals are called Sabbaths, 
 tbe 30th Sabbath would fall on the ensuing festival, the lst day of the Feast 
 of Tabernacles < the 15th of Tisri.) Orelli adds an anonymous correction of 
 this process, which, by adding in tbe <ra$fSaTou SeuTepS-rrpcoTov (of S. Lv.lce, vi. 
 1) and tbe Day of Pentecost, makes the 30th Sabbath fall on the lOth day of 
 Tisri, the Great Day of Atonement. 
 
 ib. Sabbata. Ov. Eem. Am. 219, — ' Nec te peregrina morentur Sabbata.' 
 Juv. xiv. 96, — ' Quidam sortiti metuentem sabbata patrem.' 
 
 75. Adversarius. Some have supposed this litigant to be different from tbe one 
 alluded to as vadato, in v. 36, since that suit would have been lost by default. 
 But it is easier to suppose one persou meant ; and tbe explanation will be, 
 eitber tbat the lis of v. 37 was not the full amount the defendant would lose 
 if nonsuited, or that, as Orelli interprets it, the plaintiff was so hot and so self- 
 confident, as not to be content without open decision in court. On this sub- 
 ject, Long's note on Cic. Verr. II. Hi. 15, may be consulted. If he is right 
 (unless adversarius is a fresh litigant,) rapit in jus, v. 77, is an incorrect phrase, 
 for in judicium : rapere in jus is properly=ad prwtorem: judicium expresses 
 the courts of the judices, to whom the prsetor remitted the case. See Plav.t. 
 Pers. IV. ix. 8,— 
 
 ' Age ambula in jus, leno . Quid me in jus vocas ! 
 
 ' Illim apud praetorem dicam, sed ego in jus voco. 
 
 ' Nonne antestaris ? Tuan ego causa, carnufex, 
 Quoiquam mortali libero aures atteram ? 
 
 ' Sequere hac, mea gnata, me usque ad prsetorem. Sequor.' 
 Cp. Ib. Curcul. V. ii. 23, sqq. 
 
 76. Antestari, " to call as a witness." If the person appealed to agreed to be- 
 come witness, the plaintiff touched his ear, in sign of making him such. Thus 
 Horace willinsrly offers his fopponit aurem. See in Yarronianus, p. 241, the 
 comment on Table I. of the XII Tables, — ' Si in jus vocat ni it antestator 
 igitur em capito.' 
 
 78. Sic me servavit. Hom. II. v. 443, — tov 8' i^rjpira^v 'A-rroWcou. Some suppose 
 a reference to tbe statue of Apollo in the Forum Augusti, — ' Forum jurisque 
 peritus Apollo,' Juv. i. 128. ' Sed hoc minus probabile videtur.' 0. 
 
 SATIRE X. 
 
 The fourth satire, by its remarks on Lucilius, bad called fortb much would- 
 be criticism. Tbe rivals and depreciators of Horace had seized on wbat 
 seemed to be an opportunity of enlisting popular sympatbies against him. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIBES : BOOK I. SAT. x. 159 
 
 and of backing the establislied fame of the old Poet against the growing suc- 
 cess of the new. Horace defends his expressed judgment, nnmasks and re- 
 torts on their jealousy, vindicates conternporary merit, by distingnishing the 
 great literary names which redeem the age from any slnr of inferiority to the 
 preceding, and with a modest, but confident, assurance appeals to their 
 decision. 
 
 The first eight lines, beginning ' Lucili, quam sis ,' are confessedly 
 
 spurious. 
 
 1. Nempe, a word of acquiescence : " I grant, I said, etc." 
 
 3. Sale. It is usually in the plural that this word has the metaphorical meaning 
 of " wit and humour." But Orelli quotes instances of the singular from Oic. 
 N. D. II. sxix. 74 ; Tusc. Qu. V. xix. 55 ; Brut. xxxiv. 128, — ' Omnes sale 
 facetiisque superabat. ' 
 
 4. Defricuit, lit. " rubbed in," as salt into a sore place. 
 ib. Cliarta...eadem, "in the same satire," (the 4th.) 
 
 6. Laberi. Decimus Laberius. See Milmarts Fersonce Hor. Orelli comments 
 thus, — ' Mimi ipsi non solum Horatio, sed etiam Ciceroni haud nimis place- 
 ' bant.' Cic. ad Fam. XII. xvill. 2. — ' Equidem sic jam obdurui, ut ludis Caesaris 
 
 'nostri animo aequissirno audirem Laberii et Publii (Sjri) poemata.' 
 
 Laberius and his plays gave rise to some jests, and perhaps some jealousy : 
 see Sueton. J. C&sar, 39. A. Gellius says, L. xvn 14, — ' Csesarem ita Laberii 
 ' maledicentia et arrogantia otFendebat, ut acceptiores et probatiores sibi esse 
 ' Publii quam Laberii mimos praedicaret.' 
 
 7 — 15. Ergo non satis est, etc. i.e. " true and finished satire may be humorous, 
 " must be instructive, free from verbiage, and diversified in style." 
 
 11. Tristi...jocoso. 
 
 ' Formed, by thy converse, happily to steer 
 ' From grave to gay, from liveiy to severe.' 
 
 Fo2)e's Essay on Man, Ejp. IV. ad finem. 
 
 12. JJodo rlietoris . . .interdum urbani. These seem to be quasi-instances of the 
 tri sti and jocoso ; tLe first, of grave, unsparing declamatory reproach ; the last, 
 of tempered raiilery, ofcen (y. 15) in reality the most efieccive. 
 
 13. Urbomi, i. e. " the polished wit," not coarse, who prefers tempered pleasantry 
 
 (ridiculum) to savage or cruel jest. For au exposition of urbanus, consult 
 Trench, Sgnonyms, p. 147. 
 
 14. lUdicufovm acri, etc. Orelli well compares Cic. de Or. II. lviii. 236, — 
 
 ' Odiosasque res sa?pe, quas argumento dilui non facile est, joco risuque 
 'dissolvit.' 
 
 Chm-chill says of B . Jonson, — 
 
 ' His comic humour kept the world in awe, 
 
 ' And Laughter frightened Folly more than Law.' 
 
 17. -Hbc stabant, i. e. " from this" (sc. the finish and freshness of their poetry, 
 dependent on the rules above-described, w. 7 — 15) " they derived their 
 success." Stabant. Cp. Epist. II. i. 176; Ter. Hecvr. Frol. n. 7; Phorm. 
 Prol. 9. 
 
 ib. Pulclier, ' pulchellus ille et delicatus (stutzerliafte,'') [0.] Is the epithet to be 
 explained from theatrical language ? Among the characters brought forward 
 in the Boman farces (see the account of the Atellana in Vo.rronianus, ch. iv.) 
 ' pulchellus, like the Greek KaWias, was used to denote apes and puppets.' 
 From hence is derived our ' Punch,' or Polichinello. It is to be observed, 
 that <pulcher here is joined vriih simius. 
 
1H0 XoTEs <>x THS 8ATIRE8 : BOOK t. 8AT. x. 
 
 18. Simius iate, i. e. Demetrius (see below, w. 79, 90 ;) so called from being ' vel 
 
 ' ineptus Tigellii imitator,' vel (ut Schol.) ' propter deformem ac brevem 
 ' staturam.' Orell. He was a modulator, or instructor in musical recitation. 
 His discipuloe (v. 91) were female mimcs, who, either in private or in the 
 theatre, recited poems and acted them, as is seen in Ovid's expression saltata 
 poemata, i. e. cum saltu recitata, Trist. II. 519. 
 
 19. Calvum. C. Licinius Calvus, constantly mentioned in conjunction with his 
 friend Catullus. Cp. Ov. Am. III. ix. 62. 
 
 21. Seri studiorum. Gr. 6\piua9e7s (implying superficial and conceited learnera.) 
 
 See Cic. ad Fam. ix. 20. 
 
 ib. Quine putetis=estisne qui putetis ? " Is it possible you think ? " etc. 
 
 22. Pitholeon, or Pitholaus, a low satirist. 
 
 28. Pedius...Poplicola, a distinguished pleader, brother (bv adoption) of Corvinus. 
 
 Cp. v. 85. 
 
 29. Corvinus. Marcus Yalerius Poplicola Messalla Corvinus. His eloquence as 
 an advocate is specified again Ars Poet. 370. 
 
 ib. Petita...foris, i. e. " of a foreign language." 
 
 30. Cawusini. Canusium in Apulia, inhabited by a Greek and Oscan population, 
 reflected the mixture of races in its language. The Scholiast acquaints us 
 that Ennius and Lucilius had used this same epithet (bilingues) of the 
 Bruttii. 
 
 32. Vetuit. Carm. IV. xv. 1. 
 
 33. Cum somnia vera. Comp. Moschus, Europa, 5, — e^Te xa\ irrpeKeW trdiuaiveTai 
 
 cdvos oveipoov. Ov. Epist. IX. 196, — ' Somnia quo cerni tempore vera solent.' 
 
 34. In silvam...ligna. Gr. yKavtc' 'AdrivaCe (as Arist. Aves, 302;) quoted as pro- 
 
 verbial by Cicero, ad Fam. IX. iii. 2. 
 
 36. Alpinus, a nickname (see Sat. II. V. 41, for the origin of it) given to M. Furius 
 
 Bibaculus of Cremona, a bombastic poet, but a successful and keen epigram- 
 
 matist. 
 
 ib. Jugulat . . .Memnona, " describes the death of Memnon." The Schol. suggests a 
 double meaning, viz. that he murders the subject. 
 
 37. Defingit= c operose et K.aKoQr)\<as describit,' Orelli. 
 
 ib. Luteum caput. This was probably Furius' own expression : it seems to be 
 satirised here as ridiculous : if so, the difficulty of explaining it is accounted 
 for. Caput, when used of rivers, means " the source." If so meant here, 
 luteum is a strange epithet. Sometimes, however, it is used of " the mouth," 
 as in Lucan, II. 51 ; Co&sar, B. O. iv. 10. 
 
 38. In cede, sc. ' Musarum, ubi poetae carmina sua recitabant. 5 Schol. 
 
 ib. Tarpa. Spurius Maecius Tarpa (Ars P. 387,) was a distinguished critic, and 
 one of a board authorised as censors of poems intended for public recitation. 
 
 41. Comis may be construed adverbially, " with address, with graceful ease and 
 pleasantry." It is used again v. 53, to signify " an elegant writer." 
 
 Dillenburger points out the choice of verbs here, ' garrire comcediam, canere 
 ' tragcediam, ducere epica carmina,' expressing respectively the light and 
 lively dialogue, the dignified or solemn tone of tragedy, the historical and 
 sustained character of epic composition. 
 
 42. Fimdani. Caius Fundanius, the popular comic poet of the day. 
 
 43. Pede ter percusso=trimetris, Ars P. 252. 
 ib. Forte epos, " Epic poetry." 
 
 44. Molle...facetum, epithets descriptive of the Eclogues and Georgics, the ^lneid 
 
 being yet unpublished. Quintilian, referring to this passage, explains/aceium 
 as a term (appellationemj ' decoris et excultae cujusdam elegantiae.' — Inst. 
 VI.in. 19. 
 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK I. SAT. x. 161 
 
 46. Hoc erat, " this (viz. satiric poetry) (was left for, and) was better suited to 
 " me, though I confess my inferiority to Lucilius, (mventore minor) especially 
 " as the inventor of the style." 
 
 ib. Varrone. Publ. Terentius Varro Atacinus (from Atax, a river in Gallia Nar- 
 bonensis, his native country) composed in several styles of poetiy. His 
 satires may be inferred from this passage to have been failures. He must nofc 
 be confounded with the learned Yarro Reatinus. He was born B. c. 82. 
 Quintil. X. 1, says, — ' Atacinus Varro in iis per quse nomen adeptus est inter- 
 ' pres operis alieni non spernendus quidem : verum ad augendam facultatem 
 ' parum locuples.' 
 
 53. i. e. " Does your favourite Lucilius find nothing to alter in Accius ?" Comis 
 
 was evidently (v, 65) the popular epithet in the mouth of the admirers of 
 Lucilius. 
 
 54. Gravitate minores, i. e. " undignified." 
 
 55. Non ut majore, " not as if he were superior to those whom he blames," (though 
 
 he can see their defects.) 
 
 58. Magis factos, i.e. " more finished." Comp. ' facta quodammodo oratio,' Cic. ad 
 Brvt. VIII. 30 ; de Orat. iii. 48, (184.) Comp. 'factus imperator,' Cic. Ac. Qu. 
 4, Prooem. Plautus even uses a comparative, 'factius,' Trin. II. m. 6. 
 
 59. Pedibus quid claudere, i. e. "to make verses that would scan." Sat. II. i. 28; 
 
 I. iv. 40. 
 
 61. Etrusci Cassi, a bad poet, not to be confounded with the Cassius of Ejpist. 
 
 I. iv. 3, 
 
 63. i e. " He wroi e books enough, with their cases, to serve for his funeral pile." 
 
 64. Ambustum, prop. " burnt round," i. e. " set on fire, scorched." ' Ridicule pro 
 
 coiubustum.' Baxt. ' Consulto mitius verbum elegit, ne nimis rem exagger- 
 aret, non combustum.' Orell. (Can the story be a jest, developed out of the 
 double sense of the adj. ferventius ?) 
 
 65. Limatior. The metaphor of ' a fayre filed tongue ' is in Sjpenser, F. Q. II. i. 3. 
 
 Cp. Ov. ex Pont. I. v. 15, — 
 
 ' Plurima cerno, 
 1 lie quoque qui feci judice, digna lini.' 
 
 ' Scilicet incipiam lima mordacius uti, 
 
 ' Et sub judicium singula verba vocem ? ' 
 Cp. Ars P. 291. So Kareppivrj/JLeuos, Arist. Ean. 920. 
 
 66. Quo.ra auctor,i.e. " Grant that he has elegance and ease, and even more 
 
 " smoothness than you could expect from the author of a new and untried style 
 " of poetry." Lucilius is termed auctor, as in v. 48 inventor ; (compare below, 
 Sat. II. i. 63 ;) and such he was, both as to the form and the subject matter 
 of his Satires. Those of Ennius had been composed in every kind of metre, 
 and were wholly irregular ; and in their subject they were principally a de- 
 lineation of daily life : but Lucilius wrote only in hexameter verse, and 
 apparently (like Horace and Juvenal) dealt with peculiarities of character, 
 with vices, and witli persons. (Some editors have interpreted auctor of 
 Ennius ; but there are great objections to this.) 
 
 68. Dilatus. So Ovid, Metam. xiit. 518,— 
 
 ' Quid, di crudeles, nisi quo nova funera cemam, 
 
 ' Vivacem differtis anum ?' (" Why do you lengthen out her life ?") 
 
 71. Yivos... un gues, " to the quick." Cp. Pers. i. 106. 
 
 72. Stilimn vertas, " you must alter," &c. The stilus was blunted at the one end, 
 
 so as to obliterate the writing on the waxen tablet when needed. 
 
 75. This would be the fate of a popular poct. Cp. Epist. I. xx. 17 ; and Pers. I. 29, 
 
tB2 NOTFS ON THE 8ATIRE8 : BOOK 1. 8AT. x. 
 
 77. Arbuscula, a female minio or reciter (sce on v. 18,) extollcd by Cic. ad Att. IV. 
 
 xv. 6. 
 
 78. Cimex, " a bug." 
 
 ib. Pantilius, one of Horace's Dunciad. So Fannius, Sa.t. I. IV. 21. 
 
 82. Octavius, historian and poet. 
 
 83. Viscorum. . .uterque, the two sons of Vibius Viscus, a wealthy eques. 
 
 81. Amhitione relegata, i. e. " without flattery." Comp. the phrase jpcr ambitioncm 
 =" to curry favour." Liv. in. 47 ; xxvni. 40. 
 
 86. Bibule, Servi. Unknown. Furni. Caius Furnius, an historian. 
 
 91. Jubeo plorare. Gr. ol/u.dfcii' /ceAeuco, equivalent to abite in malam rem. 
 
 92. I, puer=puer ad manum. Horace bids his amanuensis (cp. dictabam, E. I. x. 
 
 49) add this Satire to the rest, and complete the Book. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. SAT. i. 163 
 
 Q. HOEATI ELACCI SATIEAE. 
 LIEEE SECUNDUS. 
 
 SATIRE I. 
 
 The second book opens with a kind of apology for the practice of satit-ic 
 composition. It takes the form of a consultation with the old lawyer Tre- 
 batius Testa, whose hints and cautions are given with much hmnour, and 
 some allusion to his psculiarities, as in vv. 8, 9. 
 
 Trebatius recommends, first, the abandoning composition, or secondly, 
 recourse to a different style of poetry, e. g. epic or descriptive. The poet re- 
 plies, that his instinct for verse is irrepressible, yet that he is incapable of a 
 higher flight. (Conipare Epist. II. I. 250, sqq.) He defends himself by 
 asserting his freedom from all malice, and his fairness of purpose ; a resolu- 
 tion to attack no one unprovoked, though he will defend himself, (t\ 39, sqq.) 
 He is like his own native town in this (Venusia, v. 36), having been 
 colonised originally for a defence upon the frontier. Finally, he recurs 
 (v. 62) to the example of Lucilius, whom he had mentioned before as his 
 model (v. 29, sqq.) ; and is confident of finding for himself the support and 
 friendship with which Scipio and Leelius honoured and encouraged him. 
 
 (Pope has imitated this Satire, and the Second and Sixth.) 
 
 4. Deduci. Pope has preserved the metaphor, — ' Lord Fanny spins a thousand such 
 
 a day.' 
 
 ib. Trebati. C. Trebatius Testa, well known through his intimacy with Cicero. 
 See the Ep. ad Fam. VII. V., and indeed the whole book. 
 
 5. Prcescribe, a word used technically of juridical rules. Orelli quotes Cic. Orat. 
 
 41, (141), — Proescriiptionum cautionumque praeceptio.' 
 
 7. Optimum erat, " it were best ; it would be the best way." Gr. Kpurrov %v 
 (as in Arist. Nub. 1215.) Cp. Livy, xxx. 29, — ' Optimum quidem fuerat/ etc. 
 
 ib. Ter . . .transnanto . . .habento. These terminations are proper to a formal leo-al 
 style of injunction ; and in the rule itself is a sly allusion -to the old lawyer's 
 love of the water, and of good living : for which traits see Cic. ad Fam. VII. 
 x. 2, — ' Studiosissimus homo natandi;' and VII. xxn.j ' inter scyphos,' etc. 
 
 13. Deficiunt. Cp. Ov. Fast. I. 123, — ' Deficit ingenium, majoraque viribus urgent.' 
 
 14. Fracta...cuspide. Tbis is said by the Schol. to be an allusion to the device 
 
 adopted by Marius against the Cimbri. See Plutarch's Life of C. Marius, 25. 
 
 a?2 
 
164 NOTEs ON THE SATIREB i BOOK II. SAT. i. 
 
 16. Poteras scribere, lit. "you might have desoribed." But, as expressing a sug- 
 
 gestion or snpposition, cp. Ars. P. 328, .' " snppo 
 
 orhavesaid." Cp. Virg. Ecl. I. 80 (with Coi '-y ; and 0». Met. i. 
 679, 
 
 18. Dewtro tevwpore. Cp. ' Quis rebus dexter niodus.' V v. 294. So in 
 
 JEschyVus, P. V. 378,— 
 
 op77?s vocrovo-fjs elalv larpol \6yoi ; 
 eaV tis eV Kaipw 76 /j.a\9daar] Kiap. 
 
 22. Pantolabus is said to be a name made up from 71-aV Xafielv. 
 
 24. Saltat See the Koman idea of this in C Y/ ic, pvo Muren. VI. 13. 
 ib. Jcfo. Ov. Rem. Am. 148. 
 
 25. Nvmerusque lucemis. So Juu ^Sai. VI. 305, — ' Gcminis consurgit mensa 
 lucernis.' Cp. Ov. Art. Am. 764. So Pentheus (under the influence of his 
 guide Bacchus) says (as in Virg. Mn. IV. 470), — 
 
 Ka\ jxt)v opav /jlol 5vo filv tjXiovs ookw 
 oiaaas 5e Qrjfias. Ev.rip. Boxch. 918. 
 
 27. Cp. Ter. Pliorra. II. 111. 14, — ' Quot homines, tot sententia^, suus cuique mos.' 
 Cp. Pers. V. 52. 
 
 29. i. e. " A greater man than either of us." 
 
 31. Cesserat, al. gesserat, which Gesner explains by supplying as an accusatiro case 
 vitam, from vita in v. 34. But Latin usage would secm to favour the other 
 reading. There is no more frequent or favourite phrase for " good or ill suc- 
 cess " than bene or male cedere. 
 
 33. Votiva...tabella. Cp. Cic. N. D. m. 37, (89.) 
 
 34. Senis, "the old poet." Cp. above, Sat. I. x. 67, ' seniorum. 1 Cp. Pers. 1. 124, 
 
 ' prsegrandi sene ' (said of Aristophanes) j Virg. Ecl. VI. 70. Orelli quotes 
 Cic de Cl. Orat. 10, (39.) 
 
 Lucilius is said to have died at the early age of 46. Much doubt, however, 
 has been thrown upon the statement. 
 
 34. Anceps, i. e. ' dubius sum.' Schol. ' Malim ancipitem interpretari eum de 
 ' quo ambigitur sive incertum est ;' ut Liv. xxxi. 12, ' incertus.' Cp. xxvn 
 1 37 | xxx. 35.' Orell. 
 
 Some take anceps for the neut. gen., comparing the usage of incertum in 
 Liv. xxxi. 41, and Pliri. N. H. xxxvi. 15, (24.) But it is UElikely that an ad- 
 jective which does not show its gender by its termination would be so used ; 
 and agreement with the person is any way more idiomatic. 
 
 36. The colony of Venusia was sent out e. c. 291, towards the end of the third 
 
 Samnite war. 
 
 37. Quo ne, " that...not," like ' ut ne? c rarissimo usu,' Orell. 
 
 ib. Per vacuum, i. e. "by an undefended part," thatthe frontier might not be open 
 to the invasion of enemies. 
 
 ib. Eomano. The sing. is used in a collective sense. Comp. Epod. vii. 6. 
 
 38. Quod=aliquod. 
 
 39. Incuteret, "menaced." An unusual phrase for inferret. ' Dictum est ut 
 incutere verbera, terrorem, metum ; sic incutere minas, Ov. Trist. I. xi. 42.' [O.] 
 
 40. Veluti...ensis. Cp. Cic. de Orat. 1, — ' Arma quibus vel tectus ipse esse possis.' 
 
 43. Ut pereat. Gr. &>s airoXoiTo. (The commentators compare Call. Fro.gm. 509, 
 translated by Catull. lxvi. 48, — 'Jupiter ut Chalybon omne genus pereat! ') 
 
 %b. Cp. Sueton. Caligula, 53, — 'Peroraturus stricturum se lucubrationis telum 
 minabatur.' 
 
 1 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRESi BOOK II. SAT. i. 1G5 
 
 45. Cp. Ter. Andria, Prol. 22, — 
 
 ' Dehinc nt quiescant porro moneo, et desinant 
 6 Maledicere, malefacta ne noscant sua.' 
 
 46. Cp. JEsch. S. c. Th. 7, — vjxi/oIQ'' vtt' aaruv (ppoijxiois iro\vppoQois. 
 
 Pope's translation, — 
 
 ' Whoe'er offends, at some unlucky time 
 ' SKdes into verse, and hitches in a rhyme ; 
 ' Sacred to ridicnle his wkole life long, 
 ' And the sad bnrden of a merry song.' 
 
 47. Cervius, an informer. Urnam, i. e. "the jndicial urn." Virg. 2En. ti. 432 j 
 Jav. XIII. 4. 
 
 48. Albuti. . .venenum. Albntins was said to.have poisoned his wife (or his mother.) 
 
 So the Sclwliasts. 
 
 49. Tu.rivs, a corrnpt judge. Siquid...certes. Certo, prop. a nenter verb, takes 
 here an acc. case of the prononn : it is nsed passively with a nom. case in 
 Sat. II. v. 27 ; as militor in Epod. I. 23. 
 
 51. Sic collige mecum (cp. Epist. II. I. 119"), "yon may see (viz. from the following 
 " instances) how each creatnre adopts the weapon he finds most effective, 
 "and that by a law of natnre." 
 
 52. Intus, i. e. " by instinct," (as described in Lucret. v. 1033.) 
 
 53. Sccevce. Scaova was infamons for matricide j the means used being (viticdo 
 mellej " poisoned honey." 
 
 ib. Vivacem... raa.tr -em. Ov. Fast. II. 625. 
 
 60. Ut sis vitalis metuo. Taken from Horaer. II. cr. 95, — wKv/j.opos 5^ /j.oi, t4k6s, 
 eao-eai oV ayopeveis. 
 
 62. Frigore...feriat, i. e, " chill you by cold neglect." Cp. Pers. i. 109, — 
 ' Vide sis ne majornm tibi forte 
 ' Limina frigescant.' 
 
 ib. Quid, cum est Lucilius ? Cp. Cic. ad Fam. XII. xvi. 3, — ' Deinde qui magia 
 ' hoc Lucilio licnerit assumere libertatis quam nobis ? ' etc. 
 
 64. Per ora. Here, " in the eyes of aU." Ov. Trist, IV. n. 48. 
 
 65, Lcelius. Caius Lcelius So/piens. His cognomen is expressed in the circum- 
 locution of v. 72. He was the intimate friend of the younger Africanus, as 
 his father had been of the elder. To him the de Amicitia is dedicated. 
 
 ib, Qui duxit, etc. Scipio Africanus Minor (under him Lucilius had served as an 
 eques at Numantia). Cp. Ov. Fast. I. 593, — * Africa victorem de se vocat.' 
 
 67. Metello. Qu. Cceciliv.s Metellus Macedonicus. He was of the opposite party to 
 
 Scipio (Cic. de Off. I. xxv. 7), yet said of him at his death, ' Ite, filii, celebrate 
 ' exsequias ; numquam civi3 majoris funns videbitis.' Plin. N. H. vii. 14. 
 
 68. Lwpo. Luc. Cornel. Lentulus Lwpus. Cic. N. D. i. 23, (63) quotes these verses 
 
 from Lucilius, — 
 
 'Tubulus si Lucius umquam 
 ' Si Lupus aut Carbo Neptuni filius,...ut ait Lucilius,...putasset 
 ' Esse Deos, tam perjurus aut tam impurus fuisset ? ' 
 
 Lupus is called by the Scholiast ' princeps senatus.' Both he and Metellns 
 are examples of primores populi, and the general meaning is, — " Were the 
 " patrons of Lucilius, seeing that he satirised men of the greatest eminence 
 " and power, fearful for themselves, or offended by his freedom ? !Nb, their 
 " friendship was constant and unreserved." 
 
 71. Compare the description put into Laelius' mouth by Cicero, — ' Una domus, 
 ' idem victus isque communis...remoti ab oculis populi omne otiosum tempus 
 ' contrivimus.' Dc Amic. xxvn. 103. 
 
166 NOTES ON TIIE 8ATLRE&: BOoK II. BAT. i. 
 
 71. A vohjo et sccna, i. c. " from being in public." Cp. Cic. ad lirut. Ep. I. IX. 2, 
 " Tibi nunc populo et scenae, ut dicitur, serviendum est.' 
 
 73. Cp. Cic. de Orat. II. 6, (22.) 
 
 ib. Discincti. A compound, tbc contrary of prceeinctus and succinctus, ncarly " iu 
 undrcss," i. e. without ceremony or reserve. 
 
 74. Olus, i. e. " their frugal meal." See Cic. de Fin. II. 8, (quoting Lucilius), — 
 1 lapatbe, ut jactare nec es sati' cognitu ' qui sis. In quo Lasliu, clamores 
 ' sopbos ille solebat Edere, compellans gumias ex ordine nostros ;' (and 
 adding) — ' Praeclare Laelius et recte ' sopbos.' ' 
 
 77. Fragili...solido, " and wben thinking to strike its tootb into a soft morsel, will 
 " come upon a hard one ;" i. e. when expecting to tind an easy prey, it will 
 find it has met its match. 
 
 ib. Fragili=quod jrangi potest, e.g. as a nut between the teeth. Or perhapa tho 
 metaphor is drawn from the ' Viper and the File.' 
 
 79. Diffindere. The general sense of this is clear, — " I cannot object to, I agree 
 with, what you say." Dijfindere is on the whole the most probable reading : 
 it is a legal term, and therefore in character. Diern or rem dijfindere was 
 equivalent to d.ijjerre ; hence Gesner makes the sense to be, — " the case is 
 " so clear, I need not defer judgment ; I can decide at once." But Fea (with 
 whom Orelli agrees) considers that, though the word itself may have been 
 suggested by tecbnical usage, it may be intended to have here a different and 
 a commoner sense, viz. " to reject, or put aside." 
 
 Other editions have diffingere, " to undo or alter ;" defringere, " to break off a 
 piece," in allusion to the metaphor//-a(jriZ^. 
 
 (Defindere, defingere, defigete, diffigere, d.iffidere, diffundere, are instances of the 
 ingenuity of correctors.) 
 
 80. Vt may be taken either with monitus or caveas ; the latter seems the most 
 natural construction. " That you may be safe from any evil consequences 
 " from ignorance of tbe law, (remember) " etc. 
 
 82. Si mala, etc. The terms of the law in the Twelve Tables are quoted by 
 
 Cicero, de Rep. iv. 10, — ' xii. tabulae cum perpaucas res capite sanxissent in 
 ' his hanc quoque sanciendam putaverunt, siquis occentavisset sive carmen con- 
 ' didisset quod infamiam faceret flagitiumve alteri.' 
 
 ib. Jus...judiciurnque. See article ' Judex' in Dict. Ant. ; and Adam's R. A. p. 
 246, — ' The things done in court before the appointment of judices were 
 ' properly said in jure fieri, after that in judicio ; but this distinction is not al- 
 ' ways observed.' Jus judiciumque was seemingly an indefinite donble pbrase 
 (cp. Liv. xxxix. 24) ; bnt Orelli paraphrases it thus, — ' Lex Cornelia lata est, 
 ' et actio injuriarum in eum datur.' 
 
 83. Mala. Used punningly. Cp. the Greek Epigram of Palladas, — 
 
 Ka\cos tlireiv 'Attikou Zctti ^aeAt. 
 
 85. Latraverit. Bentley reads laceraverit, without advantage or authority. Latro 
 
 has an acc. case in Epod. v. 58. The metaphor is found Epod. VI. 1; and in 
 Liv. XXXVIII. 54, — ' Cato allatravit Scipionis magnitudinem.' 
 
 ib. Integer ip>se, " being himself clear from fault," on the principle of Sat. I. III. 
 25, etc. 
 
 86. " The charges will be quashed by the general laugh ; you will get off." 
 
 (Missus=dimissus, not necessarily absolutus.) 
 
 ib. Risu solvere. Cp. Quintil. Y. x. 67, — ' Cum risu tota res solvitur ;' and see the 
 quot. on Sat. I. x. 14. With the passage generally, comp, Arist. Vesp. 
 
 1257, sqq. 
 
 $) •yap TraprjTiiaavTo tov •wsTrovdoTa 
 fj \6yov eAe|as avrbs aaTziov Tiva 
 
 k5t' es yeAwv 
 
 t6 irpayu' erp^as &o~t' a<pzls <r' airoix^Tai. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. &4T. i, n. 167 
 
 86. Tabulce is variously interpreted : as, 1. ' Laws ' (cp. Duodecim Tabulce.) 2. 
 The tabulce or libelli accusatoris, i. e. ' the indictment brought.' 3. (adopted 
 by OrelH from Matthiae,) " The tablets on which the jury gave in their ver- 
 dicts" (tabellce judiciarice) , i. e. " the finding (or sentence) of the Court will 
 come to nothing." 4. " The Court itself " (subsellia judicitm) ; but there 
 is no authority given for this meaning ; and " to break up the Court " would 
 be rather an equivalent, than an exact version. 
 
 SATIEE II. 
 
 This is a Satire aimed at the extravagance and excess of epicures, with a 
 passing sarcasm (vv. 55-63) upon the opposite extreme. The whole finishes 
 with a description of contented simplicity in the person of Ofella, evidently a 
 neighbour and friend of the poefs, and who, in common with him and others, 
 had lost his property in the civil wars, but who had been temperate in his 
 prosperity, and was now, therefore, resolute and cheerful in adversity. 
 Horace professes to be delivering his opinions, in the fear (as some have sug- 
 gested) lest they should be too cutting in their truth for his patrons to 
 endure. 
 
 3. Rusticus, etc. Compare the description of " a plain, blunt man " in Eurip. 
 
 Orest. 918—922. 
 ib. Abnormis, " without rule (norma) ; artless ; self-taught." 
 
 ib. Crassa Minerva, i. e. " of strong natural sense." Crassus is the contrary of 
 subtilis (" fine-drawn " as a thread, and in metaph. " refined.") Cic. de Amic. Y. 
 opposes agamus pingui Minerva to sv.btilius disserunt, and the theoretical 
 wisdom of philosophers to the practical wisdom of Fabricius, Curius, and 
 others. 
 
 4. Compare Persius, S. iv. 30, — 
 
 * Ecce inter pocula quserunt 
 ■ Eomulidae saturi quid dia poemata narrent.' 
 
 5. 6. Hoolcer, E. P. V. n. 1, — ' How should the brightness of wisdom shine, whero 
 
 ' the windows of the soul are of very set purpose closed ?' 
 
 10. Vel. There is an anacoluthon here ; vel has no word connected with it. The 
 sentence should run thus, — ' Leporem sectatus...vel ludo fatigatus,' etc. 
 
 ib. Romane...militia, i. e. "hunting." Cp. Epist. I. XVIII. 49, and the complaint 
 in Carm. III. xxiv. 53, sq. ; and I. vui. 3, sq. 
 
 ib. Fatijat, " is too much for you." 
 
 11. Pila. ' Usus equi nunc est, levibus nunc luditur armis, 
 
 ' Nunc pila, nunc celeri volvitur orbe trochus.' Ov. Trist. III. xn. 19. 
 
 13. Pete cedentem aera disco may be taken as in a parenthesis. " Play quoits, if 
 you prefer it." 
 
 15. Mella Falerno...diluta—mulsum, "mead, honey-wine." Gr. olvSfieKi. 
 
 16. Ne biberis answers in construction to speme. "Scorn plain things fif you 
 
 can,) " refuse to drink anything but Hymettian," etc. 
 
 18. Latrantem. ou ^dp tl o-Tvyepfj ttrl yaaTtpi nvvTepov &h\o' (i. e. " nothin°- is 
 more importunate than hunger.") Hom. Od. rj. 216. So vvSvs i/AaicTovaa 
 Anthol. P. vi. 89 (in Lid. and Scotfs Lex. v. uAaKTeco) ; and see Munro's note, 
 Lv.cr. II. 17. 
 
 ib. Unde partum, " How could this property be gained by, or belong to, such 
 
 simple food ? "='unde partum est ut leniat/ etc. ? 
 
168 NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. 8AT. ir. 
 
 19. Cp. Cic. Tu8C. Qu. v. 34, — ' Qnis hoc non videt, desideriia omnia ista condiri ? 
 'Dariua in fnga...negavit umquam se bibisse jncnndins. 1 
 
 20. Tuhnenta/ria quc Cp. Cic. de Fin. II, 28, — ' Cibi condimcntum esso 
 famem, potionis sitim ;' and Tusc. Qu. v. 34. 
 
 22. Scaru8...lagoi8. The scants (a species of the Ixtbrus) was a fish highly prized 
 as a delicacy at Rome. It is found in shoals in the Mediterranean Sea. Tho 
 Itvjois is probably the same as the attagen. 
 
 ib. Peregrina, "migratory." 
 
 25. Vanis rerum, i. e. by a mere outside. Sai. II. viii. 83, — ' fictis rerum.' 
 
 ib. Veneat auro. ' Magis illa juvant quae pluris emuntur.' Juv. XI. 16. 
 
 29. JTac magis illa, i. e. vesceris hac potius quam illa, " yet, though there is no rcal 
 " superiority, you eat this bird in preference to that." Bentley makes hac to 
 be governed by distat, " though there is no excellence (lit. difference) in this 
 " meat more than in that, yet you are led by the difference of look." 
 
 31. Unde datum. ' Unde traditum hunc intellectum habcs ?' Schol. "By what 
 faculty can you discern where your fish was caught ? whether in the river, or 
 the sea, — high up the stream, or at the mouth?" The phrase is copied by 
 Persius, v. 124. Comp. Ov. Fast. VI. 103, — ' Unde datas habeat vire3 ' (" whence 
 she derives her power.") 
 
 ib. Lupus=Ad8pa£, " the Basse ;" a fish of the perch tribe, common on our coasts, 
 and in the Mediterranean. (See Tarrell on Fishes.) 
 
 ib. Tiberinus an alto, etc. Comp. Juv. iv. 140. Columella supplies a commentary 
 on this, — ' Multorum gula subtilior...erudita palata fastidire docuit fluviulem 
 ' lupum.' — B. R, viii. 16. 
 
 32. Captv.s hiet. Hiet is not a mere redundancy for sit. We may construe thus, — 
 " "VVhether this fish was alto captv.s, which is gaping on the table before you." 
 (There is a tolerably parallel instance of poetic usuage in Virg. 2En. vi. 471, — 
 
 ' Quam si dura silex, aut stet Marpesia cautes.' 
 Mr. Conington calls stet a poetical substitute for sit ; but he gives the verb a 
 meaning of its own in his version, — " Than if she had the fixedness of flint or 
 crag.") 
 
 33. Trilibrem mullum. Juv. iv. 15, — 
 
 ' Mullum sex milibus emit, 
 ' ^quantem sane paribus sestertia libris.' 
 ib. Mullum, " the red surmullet." ' Mulli barbati in piscinis,' Cic. ad Att. II. i. 7. 
 
 34. In singula, i. e. " a piece for each guest." 
 
 36. Illis his. The rule is, that, of two persons or things, hic refers to the last 
 
 mentioned, ille to the more remote, — a rule seemingly violated here, for illis 
 is referred to lupos, his to mullum. But the construction is accounted for on 
 the ground that the mulli are principally in the speaker's mind, and nearest 
 to him in idea. This is the explanation of JaJin on Mpist. I. XVII. 19. 
 
 40. Gula=gulo ; res pro persona. Cp. Juv. i. 140. 
 ib. At vos. ' At indignantis est,' Orelli. 
 
 41. Coquite. Said ironically, — " Come and dress (i. e. taint) their viands. Yet 
 
 " (why do I bid you do so ?) they are tainted (i. e. distasteful) owing to 
 " excess " (mala copia.) 
 
 42. Putet...recens. A kind of oxymoron. "Though freshly caught, it is loathed 
 
 (putidusj by the jaded and sickly appetite." Juv. II. 121, — 
 ' Divitibus cenandi nulla voluptas ; 
 { M1 rhombus, nil dama sapit ; putere videntur 
 ' Unguenta atque rosss, latos nisi sustinet orbes 
 ' Grande ebur,' etc. 
 
 44. Invlas, " Elicampane." c Inulas amaras,' Sat, II. viii. 51. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. SAT. u. 169 
 
 47. Galloni. Publius Gallonius. Cic. de Fin. II. 8, quotes tlie verse of Lucilius 
 ' upon him, — 
 
 ' Publi, o gurges, Galloni ; es honio miser, inquit ; 
 * Cenasti in vita numquam bene, cum omnia in ista 
 ' Consumis squilla atque acipensere cum decimano.' 
 
 ib. Acipensere, " a sturgeon." Martial, XIII, 91. 
 
 50. Auctor...praitorius. Sempronius Rufus, notorious for his epicurism, ancl re- 
 
 pulsed on account of it, when suing for the prastorship. Pr&torius is a 
 sarcastic joke upon his failure. He was the inventor (auctor) of this new 
 delicacy, — a dish of storks ; and the following epigram coninected it with his 
 repulse (Obs. conditor is from condio) : 
 
 1 Ciconiarum Rufus iste conditor ! 
 
 ' Hic est duobus elegantior Plancis : 
 
 ' Suffragiorum puncta non tulit septem. 
 
 ' Ciconiarum populus ultus est mortem.' 
 
 51. Edixerit, scil. tamquam pr&tor ; another hit at Rufus. Edico was the regular 
 
 word for conveying the praetor's decree. 
 
 55, Pravum. ' Ita, ut pravus fias,' Orelli. (Bentley reads pravus, as in Sat. I. iv. 
 
 79.) 
 
 ib. Avidienus. Unknown except from this passage. 
 
 56. Dictum, al. ductum, which Orelli looks on as a mere gloss. In favour of dictum, 
 
 he quotes Liv. I. 1, — ' Cui Ascanium parentes dixere nomen.' But Ovid, a 
 great imitator of Horace, is cited on the other side, Fast. I. 467, — 
 ' Nomen habes a carmine ductum.' 
 
 57- Quinquennes, i. e. so old as to be spoilt. 
 
 ib. Est, i. e. edit. 
 
 58. Mutatum, " on the turn." So, vitio mutaverit, Sat. II. rni. 50. 
 
 59. Licebit albatus celebret, i. e. " although he makes a great show of cele- 
 
 brating them." 
 
 60. Repotia, " the day after a marriage " (or, indeed, any entertainment.) Gr. 
 
 e7ri'/35a. 
 
 61. Albatus, i. e. " with a new or newly-cleaned toga." Pers. II. 40. 
 
 ib. Ipse instillat. The emphasis is on both words. " He himself pours out 
 
 " the rancid oil d/rop by drop ; and the old vinegar (=mutatum vinum) is the 
 " only thing of which he is not chary." 
 
 ib. Bilibri. A congius is estimated (see Dict. Ant. art. ' Libra ') to contain lOlbs. 
 weight. At this proportion a cornu bilibre would slightly exceed a sextarius. 
 
 62. Non parmus. In some copies non largus is read. [G.] approves it : ' ironiam 
 haud agnovit,' says [0.] It has the appearance of being a mere correction, 
 founded on mistake arising from the involved nature of the sentence ; for at 
 first sight the clause seems naturally to attach itself to the preceding cornu. 
 instillat. But the use of the word aceti forbids this, and shows that the 
 clause is a i^eturn to the mention of vinum, in v. 58. ' In eo solo non avarus,' 
 Schol. 
 
 64. Aiunt. Gr. Tb \ey6fievov ; or (as in Aristophanes), tovt eneivo. 
 
 65. Mundus erit qua non, etc. Bentl. and Orelli concur in supporting qua for qui. 
 
 The sense need not be affected by it. Qv.i might be=quippe qui. Qua is= 
 eatenus qua, or (as it is in Sat. I. II. 123) Uactenus ut. " He (i. e. sapiens) wiil 
 " be neat so as not to disgust by meanness, and in neither direetion will be ex- 
 " travagant in style of living." Cp. Carm. II. xvi. 14, and note.) Mundus 
 expresses the character between the prodigal and the miserly. 
 
170 NOTES 0N THE SATIRBS : B00K II. SAT. n. 
 
 66. Tn neui/rwm may be compared mth wi »eu*ruw conspiciendus (i.e. "remarkable 
 neither for wealth nor want,") Ov. Trist. n. 111. Cp. 0. Ifepoa, i» P 5 **. 
 
 Attici, xi ir, 
 
 ib. Cultus is the gen. aftcr -miscr. 
 
 ib. Miser may denote the wasteful, equally with the stingy. See note on v. 46, 
 where it is an epithet for Gallonius, and Cicero's comment in continuation, — 
 ' Eecte ergo is negat umquam bene cenasse Gallonium ; recte rniserwm ; cnm 
 'prsesertim in eo omne studium consumeret ; quem libenter (i.e. " to his 
 liking ") ' cenasse nemo negat.' 
 
 (Others take mundus as agreeing with victus ; others, as defining the tenuis 
 of v. 53, i. e. "he will be the pattern of frugal simplicity, who avoids mean- 
 " ness and waste.") 
 
 67. Alhuti. One Albutius was mentioned Sat. II. i. 48; whether the same or not, 
 
 is unknown. 
 
 ib. Munia, " duties, offices of life or position." ' Belli pacisque munia, Liv. ; 
 1 munia candidatorum/ Cic. 
 
 68. Simplex, ev-fiBns, "good, easy man." 
 70. Cp. Hesiod, epy. ko! fj/i. 41. 
 
 76. Lenta...pituita, " clinging phlcgm." 
 
 77. Desurgat, " rises at the end of." 
 
 ib Dubia. A phrase from Terence, Phorm. II. I. 28, — 
 
 P. ' Cena dubia apponitur.' 
 
 G. ' Quid istuc verbi est ? P. Ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum.' 
 ib. Corpus onustum, a Lucretian phrase, iii. 113. 
 
 79. Divince part. aurce. Cp. Virg. Mn. vi. 730, 746; and Cic. Tusc. Qu. v. 13, — 
 
 ' Humanus animus decerptus ex mente divina;' and de Diyin. i. 49. Xen. Mem. 
 IV. 3, — Ka\ avGpwirov ye vJ^X^ ei7rep ti Ka\ aAAo tuv avOpunrivuv tov 6elov 
 juerexet. 
 
 80. Cp. Yirg. Geor. m. 527, — 
 
 'Non illis epulae nocuere repostae ; 
 
 ' Frondibus et victu pascuntur simplicis herbae ; 
 ' Pocula sunt fontes liquidi atque exercita cursu 
 ' Flumina, nec somnos abrumpit cura salubres.' 
 Cp. c somnum plebis,' E. I. VII. 35. 
 
 84. TJbique. For que, Bentley plansibly conjectures ve. Heindorf adopts it, — 
 ' ve enim part. disjunctiva cum seu et sive tertium locum obtinere solet.' Carm. 
 IV. II. 13 ; I. XXII. 7- If ubique is the right reading, can it stand for ubicum- 
 que, as quandoque for quanclocumque ? 
 
 87. Comp. Xen. Mem. II. I. 31, — airovws /xev Kiirapol 5m veornros Tpecpdfxevoi.. tol /.uv 
 7]S4a iv T7] vz6t7)ti SiaBpaLLOVTes tcl Se xaAe?ra els to yr)pas airodeixevoi. 
 
 92. Integrum, " fresh ;" opposed to vitiatum and rancidum, " high." 
 
 93. Prima, sc primceva. Cp. Sat. I. III. 99. " TVould that I had lived in that 
 
 heroic age ! " Possibly the poet remembered Besiod's wish, tpy. koI ?'?/*. 175, 
 with which he enters on his description of the fifth age. Cp. Catull. lxiv. 
 22, — ' nimis optato sseclorum tempore nati Heroes.' 
 
 94. Das...famce, a phrase borrowed by Tacitus, Ann. i. 7. 
 
 ib. Carmin-e gratior, " sweeter than any music." Cp. Xcn. Mem. II. I. 31, — tov 
 irdvTwv rfiicrTOv aKovcr/xaTos, iiraivov o~eavTr,s, and Cic. pro Archia, 9, (20), — 
 
 ' Themistoclem dixisse aiunt quum ex eo quasreretxir quod acroama aut 
 
 ' cujus vocem libentissime audiret : Ejus aquo sua virtus optime praedicaretur.' 
 So in Sh&ridan's Pizorro, Act III. Sc. III, Elvira says, ' ^lj ears (were framed) 
 to own no music b»t tho thrilling records of his praise.' 
 
NOTES ON THE 8ATIBE8 : BOOK II. SUI 1 . n. 171 
 
 99. As, laquei pretium. Plautus, Pseud, I. I. 86. — 
 
 ' Quid de drachma facere vis ? 0. Kestim volo 
 ' Mihi emere. Ps. Quamobrem ? C. Qui me faciam pensilem.' 
 Cp. Lucian, Timon, XX. 
 
 ib. Trausius, a spendthrift. For the sentiment, cp. Epist. I. xviii. 29 ; Juven. 
 xi. 1, — 
 
 ' Atticus eximie si cenat lautus habetur ; 
 ' Si Kutilus, demens.' 
 
 103. Eur. Inc. Fr. 39, — xP v0 ~°v °~* ir\rideiv TovcrSe b" ov x a ' l P* lv XP €Cav 1 
 
 The high morality of thi3 protest against a merely selfish, and for a bene- 
 ficial, expenditure, is to be marked. But any enlarged system of Kberality, or 
 institution of homes or hospitals for the helpless, was a thing reserved for the 
 Cbristian age . 
 
 107. Uterne. A double interrogative. Cp. Sat. II. in. 295, 317, — Quone ; Quantane. 
 (It seems to be emphatic, — " Which, I ask, etc." ?) 
 
 109. Cp. Eur. Antiope, 33, — 
 
 ocroi fxev crapKos els eve^iav 
 acrKovcri 8'iotov, 77 v <rcpa\£)cri xpVI-^.Tiov, 
 KaKol iroKlrai, Zelyap avdp' eldicr/xevov 
 aK6Xao~Tov ^Qos yacrrphs iv ravrcS pAveiv. 
 
 111. This is the moral of iEsop's Boar sharpening his tusks ; but so 'Aper^ is 
 described by Prodicus as ayadr) av\\-f)TrTpi.a t&v ev eiprivn irdvcov, BeBaia Se rcov 
 iv Tro\ea<x> av/x/xaxos epywv, Xen. Mem. II. I. Does any one need to be reminded 
 of Canning's speech at Plymouth in 1823, — ' The resources created by peace 
 are means of war,' — and his magnificent illustration of it ? 
 
 113. Latius usum. So, Juv. xiv. 234, — ' Indulgent sibi latius.' 
 
 11-4. Metato, " allotted out to tbe new settlers " (in this case to Umbrenus) by the 
 Commissioners. Cp. Propert. IV. I. 129, — 
 
 ' Tua cum multi versarent rura juvenci. 
 
 ' Abstulit excultas pertica tristis opes.' 
 Pertica, the " measuring rod^^decempeda, in Cic. Phil. xiv. 4, (10.) Ofella's 
 condition was similar to that ol Mceris in Virgil, Ecl. ix. 2. 
 
 115. Mercede, i. e. for the pittance allowed him. He was no longer owner of the 
 soil, but a tenant. 
 
 119. Cp. Arist, Pax, 1140,— 
 
 ov yap ead' rfiiov % Tvxelv fxev tfSn ' crirapixeva, 
 rbv debv 8' eiri-^eKa^eLv, Kai riv eiireiv yeirova' 
 
 Eiwe fxoi, ri rnviKavra Bpw/xsv, & Kwy.apxiorj ; 
 ifxirie?v efxoiy apeaKei, tov deov dpcovros ica\uis. 
 
 120. Bene erat, " we fared well." Cp. Gr. eba>x*®, evcoxia, from ev ex* iv - 
 
 122. Duplice ficu, " split figs." 
 
 123. Culpa...magistra, i. e. " subject to a rule of forfeits." This we may suppose 
 to have been a rustic snbstitute for the election of a Symposiarch How or 
 for what the forfeits would be exacted, can only be guessed. The terms of 
 course were settled at the time. 
 
 124. Venerasta Ceres, i.e. libations in her honour. Venerata, Used passirelv, as in 
 Virg. 2En. 111. 460. 
 
 128. Nituistis. As nitidus, Epist. I. iv. 15. Ut, " since." 
 
 129. Proprice, i. e. in perpetmim possidendce. Sat. II. vi. 5 ; Epist. II. 11. 172. Cp. 
 ovtoi ra xPV^o-t' *5ia KeKTnvTai Bporoi. Eurip. Phoen. 555. So Lucicm, 
 Charon, 20, — avdyKn rbv fxev yv/xvbv o'Lxeadai, t)]v oiKiav de Ka\ rbv a^.pbv /cal rb 
 Xpvcriov ael aWccv elvai Kal fxeraBaWeiv tovs Seanoras. See the Spectator, 
 No. 289. 
 
172 N0TE8 ON TJIL BATIRES : BOOK II. $AT. n, 
 
 133. Luctan, Epigr. in Anthol. — 
 
 "Aypos ^Axai/J-ep (fiov ytv6[XT)v Trore vvv 5t Mep/7T7rou, 
 /fal irahiv e'£ irepov &i)o~oiJ.ai tis %npov. 
 
 Ka\ - ap ticelvos *x*iv /jlc 7tot' u(to, ko\ ird\iv outos 
 oUrai, tlft\ 5' b\oos oufievbs a\\a Tvxws. 
 
 SATIRE III. 
 
 A Satire upon the vices and follies of men, classed according to the Stoic 
 formula under the head of insanity. Damasippus, supposed to be the sanie 
 mentioned by Cicero as a connoisseur, of expensive tastes, is the speaker. He 
 is represented as invadiug Horace in the retirement of his villa, and upbraid- 
 ing him with want of industry and persevcrance. He then, after touchimr on 
 his own history, and his adoption of the philosophical tenets and habits of the 
 Stoic sect, in continuation ' docet insanire omnes ' (i\ 81), and ends with a 
 satiric description of the foibles of the poet himself. The objects of general 
 eatire are specified in w. 78, 79. Avarice is taken first (vv. 82 — 160 : then 
 Ambition (vv. 165, sqq.) : then Luxurv (iw. 224, sqq.) : then Superstition (vv. 
 281—295.) 
 
 1. Scribis. See Lachm. on Lucr. n. 27, who impugns this reading. 
 
 2. Membranam, " the parchment " for the final and revised copy. ■ Crocea? mem- 
 
 brana tabellse,' Jv.v. vn. 23. In Pers. iii. 10, the bicolor }-)ositis membrana 
 capillis (i. e. " the ornamented vellum ") is distinguished from the chartce, or 
 materials for a rough copy. 
 
 4. Dignum sermone. Gr. a£iov \6yov, a£io\oyov. 
 
 5. Saturnalibus. See art. ' Saturnalia' in Dict. ofAntiqq. This ancient " Carnivo.V 
 
 lasted during the 17th and two following days of December (16, 15, 14, Kal. 
 Januarias). The freedom of it is alluded to below in Sat. vn. 4. 
 
 ib. Sobrius. Cp. ' Vinum toto nescire Decembri/ Juv. vn. 97. 
 
 7. Cp. Pers. in. 13,— 
 
 'Queritur crassus calamo quod pendeat humor, 
 
 1 Xigra quod infusa vanescat sepia lympha.' 
 
 ib. Laborat, " suffers," either as being blamed or beaten, according to the sign of 
 laboriousness, in Pers. 1. 106, — ' pluteum ccedit.' 
 
 8. Iratis natus ..dis. So S . 1. V. 98 ; II. vn. 14. Compare, apart from the comic 
 
 application of the phrase, Hom. Od. y. 28, — ov ce 0e<£j/ aeKVTi yevea6ai. 
 
 9. Multa et pro3clara. Gr. iroWa. Ka\ Ka\d ; Eng. " many fine things." The inser- 
 
 tion of the copula belongs both to the Latin and Greek idiom. 
 
 11. PJatona. It is a question whether the philosopher or the comic poet is here 
 meant. The mention of Menander and Eupolis naturally suggests the latter. 
 The former will, however, seem most probably intended, if we compare Ar.s 
 Poet. 310. If so, eaeh of these four names will represent a distinct variety or 
 school of authorship : 1. Philosophy : 2. The Kew Comedy : 3. The Old 
 Comedy : 4. The Elegiac and Lyric poetry. This seems an additional argu- 
 ment in his favour. 
 
 14. Siren=' Blanda, sed impudens, conciliatricula, Cic. pro Sest. ix. 21.' [0.] Cp. 
 Ev.rip. And.r. 936,— 
 
 K\vovo~a TOUo"5e ~2eipT)vcov \6yovs 
 croip&v Travovpytav troiKi\uv \a\r)/J-dT<vv 
 f%7}veu.K0i]v /xcopia.. 
 
XOTES OX THE SATIRES : BOOK II. SAT. in. 173 
 
 17. Dnn-ent tonsore. The long beard was the badge of his profession of philosophv. 
 
 See v. 35. 
 
 18. Janum o.d medium, the money market, the " Change alley " of Eome. (Airy 
 archway or covered alley was called a Janus.) Cp. ' Janns summns ab imo/ 
 E. I. i. 54. See the description in Cookeslexf s Map of Rome, p. 20 ; adding to 
 the passages there quoted one from Cic. de OjF. II. 25. adfin. 
 
 19. Aliena, etc. Ter. Heaut. I. I. 23,— 
 
 ' Tantumne est ab re tua otii tibi 
 
 ' Aliena ut cures eaque nihil quee ad te attinent ? ' 
 
 Plaut. Stich. L iii. 45,— 
 
 ' Alienas res qui curant studio maxumo, 
 
 ' Quibus ipsis nulla est res quam procurent sua.' 
 
 21. Vafer...SisypJius. Hom. II. (. 153, — o KepSio-ros yever avdpcov. 
 
 For another mention of the antiquities or bronzes of Corinth, cp. ' Ephyreia 
 sera/ Virg. Geo. n. 464. 
 
 23. Callidus, " as a connoisseur." ' Callidi rerum 83stimatores,' Cic. Paradox. 
 vi 3. 
 
 27. Morbi. Eng. " mania." 
 
 28. Emovit. C. IV. xv. 11 ; Virg. JEn. vi. 382. 
 
 30. Hic= quem nosti,' Or. (See on Sat. I. III. 4, ille.) 
 
 32. Tasanis et tu, " you too are mad." Et=etiam. 
 
 33. Sterti.iius, a Stoic professor of the day, affectedly extolled r. 296. 
 
 36. A...ponte. Cp. Jvm. vi. 32, — ' Cum tibi vicinum se praebeat iEmilius pons ? ' 
 
 (i. e. as one mode of suicide). Fabricio. This bridge mow Ponte di Quattro 
 Cupij led from the Campus Martiufi to the island in the Tiber. (See Cookesley's 
 Map of Rome, p. 102.) 
 
 37. Operto...capite. Cp. Liv.TV. 12, — 'Mnltiex plebe, spe amissa, capitibus 
 
 obvolutis se in Tiberim pra?cipitaverunt.' Cp. Shakespeare, J. Ccesar, Act III. 
 Sc. II, — ' In his mantle muffling up his face.' Cp. Plutarcli in Perides (story 
 of Anaxagoras) . 
 
 38. Dexter. Virg. JEn. VIII. 302. 
 
 45. Autiumat, from avis. Cp. (Bstumo from ces. 'As augnry and weighing were 
 'the two most usual means of forming a judgment, both autumo and cestumo 
 ' siguify " to judge." ' Vo.rron. p. 314. 
 
 53. Cavdam troJiat=" is an object of ridicule." The periphrasis, though sub- 
 stituted for sit, expresses more. The sense is, — " If you concede to him that 
 "you are insanus in a certain sense, still he is no wiser, and he is equally 
 " ridiculous." 
 
 54. Ter. Andr. IV. I. 14; and cp. rcov fj.aivo/xevwv tovs /xev ouSe ra Setva dedievai, tovs 
 Se Ka\ tol jxt) <po&epa (pofizlo-Qai. — Xen. Mem. I. I. 14. 
 
 56. Varum, " diverse." Cp. Pers. VI. 18, — 
 
 ' Geminos, horoscope, varo 
 ' Pi'oducis genio.' 
 Properly used of crooked, knock-kneed legs ; as in Sat. I. iii. 47. 
 
 57. Amica mater, Gr. ^i\tj {xrjTvp. See on Carm. IV. VII. 19. 
 
 60. Fufius, an actor who played the sleeping Eione in the tragedy of Pacuvius. 
 Being drunk, he (edormiebat) " slept through" his part. 
 
 Ilione was daughter of Priam, and married to Polymnestor. TThen 
 Polydorus was entrusted to her care, she brought him up under the name of 
 hpr offii son Deipylus. This led to his escape, but feo her son's death when 
 the Greeks required the king to slay rolydorus. In fche play. the ghost of 
 
174 KOTES ON TIIE SATIRESi BOOK II. BAT. m. 
 
 Deipylus 'acted by Catienus) appeared fco, and implored burial from, Ilione. 
 The opening lines are given iu Cic. Tusc. Qu. i. 4 I. 
 
 61. Edormit. An bistoric present ; (tlie regular constrnction would require ewm 
 edormiret, not edormiit.J So doriat, Sat. I. n. 50. 
 
 68. Prceda quam...Mercuriusfert. Gr. '4pp.aiov. 
 
 69. Scribe decem, i.e. " draw up an agreement with all tbc securiiios Nerius and 
 
 " Cicuta can devise still be (tbe debtor) slips tbrougb your hands, like a 
 
 " Proteus." 
 
 ib. Nerio. Nerius and Perillius (v. 75) were usurers. Cicuta, a nicknamc of tbe 
 latter. 
 
 72. Malis ridentem aUenis. This phrase is adapted from the Homeric yva0/u.o7ai 
 
 yeXwcav aWorpioiai (i.e. tbey, the suitors, " laughed a forced, unnatural laugh," 
 for it is added) y6ov 8' atero 0v/x6s. Odyss. v. 347. In what sense it is 
 adapted, is not so clear. Bothe, after Schol. Cruq., takes it as "pretending not 
 " to laugb ; laughing in his sleeve." Gesner, as " laughing at your expense ;" 
 i. e. the jest is derived from your embarrassment. Orelli, as " laughing 
 heartily," as in Thucyd. I. 70, — to7s aca/xaaiv aWoTpi&TaTois vir\p ttjs irSXetos 
 XP&vTai means — " They use their bodies as if they absolutely belonged to 
 " others ;" i. e. they expose them freely to danger. Mr. Shilleto, in Jowrrial 
 of Philology, No. XII. p. 317, decides for tbis last interpretation ' unquestion- 
 ably.' 
 
 73. Tbe description is in Virg. Geor. IV. 407, — ' Fiet enim subito sus borridus, 
 
 ' atraque tigris/ etc. 
 
 The Scholiast interprets it by a cm-ious allegory, — 'Aper, ferox; avis, 
 fugax ; ' saxum et arbor, mutus.' 
 
 76. Rescribere. Scribere nummos alicui is " to promise payment ;" rescribere, etc, 
 
 " to pay back ;" perscribere, " to give a draft for payment." 
 
 77. Togam comjponere, i. e. " to take the attitude of attention." 
 
 82. EUebori, " black hellebore," prescribed as a remedy for madness. Yirgil 
 mentions it Geor. III. 451, — ' Elleborosque gravis.' This is properly the 
 Greek name for the drug. See on v. 166. The Latin is veratrum, Lucret. IY. 
 641 ; Pers. i. 51. 
 
 83. Anticyra (where the drug was procured, comp. Ars P. 300,) was in Phocis, on 
 the coast of the Corinthian gulf. (It was grown also at the Anticyra ne*ar 
 the Malian gulf.) 
 
 84. Staberius. Unknown. Sv.mmam. See v. 90. 
 
 8G. Damnati, " bound " The word corresponds to the old form found in inscrip- 
 tions, and quoted by Quintilian, VII. ix. 9, — ' Dare damnas esto.' 
 
 ib. Epulum, "a funeral banquet." That of Qnintus Arrius was most costly. See 
 
 Cic.inVatin. 12 — 14, ' Cum tot hominum milia accumberent epulo 
 
 ' magnificentissimo ' 
 
 87. Sive ego, etc. Spoken in the person of Staberius, (or perhaps quoted in sub- 
 
 stance from his will.) 
 
 88. Ne sis, for nefueris. See Carm I. xxxtii. 1. Comp. Pers. in. 96. 
 
 89. Prudentem, i. e. " deliberately ; I believe he had a serious meaning in this." 
 
 ib. Quid ergo. t/ SrjTa ; " Well, what did he mean ?" 
 
 96. Comp. Arist. Plwt. 144 3 and Sojphocl. 'AAa-aS. Fr. 109,— ^Xcoaarj aotpbv TiQnaiv 
 (:V[xop<p6v t iSelv. 
 
 97- Etiam. Comp. Cic. Acad. Pr. n. 32, — ' Aut etiam aut non respondere,' (i. e. 
 " to answer either yes or no.") See Donaldson, Lat. Gr. 108, o. 
 
 98. Et quidquid volet. Imitated by Lucian, Tiraon, 50, — ne\ yap \>i\Ttcp tpiaios 6 
 Tlawv, Kal tr a\\a iravTa diroaa av £9e\oi. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. 8AT. m. 175 
 
 100. « Eem narrat Dioa. Laeri. II. 77.' [0.] 
 
 i6. Aristippus, founder of the Cyrenaic sect. The tenor of his philosophy is 
 pourtrayed in Epist. I. i. 18 ; I. XTII. 14 — 24. 
 
 106. Formas, "lasts." 
 
 109. Uti compositis. Cp. Arist. Ehet. I. 5, — t& irKovTe?v icrrlv iv rcp xp7?cr0ai uciKKov 
 t) iv rcp KeKTrjaOai ; and cp. Eurip. Antiopa, Fragm. 32. 
 
 111. This is imitated by Ben Jonson, The Fox, Act I. Sc. I. 
 
 118. Stro.gula, adj., " fit for spreading over ; " 'pretiosa plnmario opere facta,' 
 Schol. ' Argenti vestisque stragulce qnod fuerit,' (i. e. " all the plate and 
 furnitnre he had,") Cic. Verr. II. i. x. Cp. Ib. II. II. 14. So, ']S T am neque tum 
 plumse nec stragula picta,' Tibull. I. n. 77. It is also used for a horse's 
 saddle or padding, — : ' Stragula (neut. pl.) succincti, venator, sume veredi,' 
 Mart. XIY. lxxxvi. Cp. the description of Laertes in his grief, — 
 ovSe ol evval 
 depvia Kal x^a» 7 »' xal p-fjyea o-iyaKoiVTa. 
 
 <pvKKoov KeKKifxevoov xQz^a^at f$e/3Kr)aTai evvai. Hom. Odyss. K. 188. 
 
 119. Tinearum epulce, "where the rnst and moth doth corrupt." 
 
 120. Eo quod. Cp. with this reason, Shahspeare, in Hamlet, Act. V. Sc. i, — "Twill 
 ' not be seen in him there : there the men are as mad as he.' 
 
 127. Cp. Oic. Parad. VI. 1,— ' Quotidie fraudas, decipis, poscis, pacisceris, aufers, 
 eripis'...Cp. Lucian, Timon, 22, — to kot' oKtyov 4k iroKKcov imopKicav Kal 
 apirayoov Ka\ iravovpytoov crvveiKeyfxeva. 
 
 131. Here murder is charged upon the miser, as in Sat. II. i. 53, and in Pcrs. II. 
 14, — ' Nerio jam tertia ducitur uxor ;' and the argument proceeds to show 
 that a man is not the less insane, because he is more oriminal. 
 
 132. Incolumi ca,pite=sanus. Cp. the varieties of phrase used : ' integer aninii,' 
 vv. 65, 220; 'rectum animi servas,' 201 ; ' stas animo,' 213. 
 
 132. Quid enim, etc. Cp. Juv. xiv. 284, — 
 
 ' ISTon unus mentes agitat furor : ille, sororis 
 ' In manibus, vultu Eumenidum terretur et igni : 
 8 Hic, bove percusso, mugire Agamemnona credit 
 ' Aut Ithacum.' 
 
 136. Tepefecit. As in Virg. Mn. IX. 419, — 'Trajectoque hassit tepefacta cerebro,' 
 (sc hasta.) Cp. Ib. v. 701; Ov. Ep. i. 19. 
 
 140. Eurip. Orest. 284, — MeQes' u'C ovaa tcov ifxcov 'Epivvoov. 
 
 141. Splendida bilis. So Pers. III. 8, — ' vitrea bilis.' It seems to be a medical term, 
 expressing the bright colour of the bile when disordered. 
 
 143. Veientanum, a red wine, mentioned as a coarse drink for the mariner, Pcrs. 
 V. 147,— 
 
 ' Veientanumque rubellum 
 ' Exhalet vapida laasum pice sessilis obba ? ' 
 
 144. Campana...trulla, " a Campanian ({. e a common earthenware) scoop." Seo 
 art. ' 2Vi6a,' in the Dict. of Ardiqq. 
 
 153. Deficient ren«....Bentl. compares Ov. ex. Pont. I. iii. 10, — 
 
 ' Deficiens sic ad tua verba revixi 
 
 ' Ut solet infuso vena redire mero.' 
 
 154. Fultura, " support to the failing stomach." Cp. Lucret. iv. 865, — ' Capitur 
 cibus ut suffulciat artus.' 
 
 155. Ptisanarium.. Diminutive of ptisana, (barley crushed, or soaked for broth,) 
 from Gr. ■nTiacrcc, "a dish or decoction of rice." 
 
17;5 NOTES ON TIIE 8ATIRE8 : BOOK II. 8AT. 111. 
 
 lol. Cwrdxacus. See above, v. 28. ' In cor trajecto...dolore.' Wine was pre- 
 scribcd for thia complainl ; hence the point of Jnvenal'a satire (v. '■ 
 g Cwrdiaco nnmqnam oyathnm tniaanrua Bfmico.' 
 
 ib. Craterum. Craterns was a fashionable phyaician, — a Qreek. 
 
 166. Naviget Anticyram. Cp. Aristt. Vesp. 1489,— {^avias apx"h, M8G) -nlQ'- 
 
 kWtfiopov. 
 
 16S. S. Oppidius. Unknown. 
 
 169. Antiqv.n censu. Either, " rich in an ancient patrimony," or " according to the 
 ancient standard ;" as Carm. II. xv. 13. 
 
 171. Nuces. Cp. Persius' allusion to tliese, as used by children, S. i. 10, — ' X" 
 facimus qusecumque relictis.' 
 
 172. Ludere. Bentley has perdere, a conjectural reading unauthorised by MSS. 
 He brings forward, however, a remarkable array of passages, implying an 
 almost proverbial use of d.are or donare et perdere. So Martial, IV. xl, — 
 'Jamdonare potes. jam perdere.' Cp. VI. xxx. Senec. de Benef. vi. 4. — 
 ' Perdere se credit, non donare.' Tacit. H. i. 30, — ' Luxuria specie liberalitatis 
 ' imponit : perdere iste sciet, non donare.' 
 
 173. Tristem. This adj. seems to form a kind of antithesis with ludere, and so to 
 confirm the cornmon reading. 
 
 178. Et notura coercet, i. e. " and which naturally is enough." Cp. Livy's descrip- 
 tion of temperance (in Hannibal, XXI. 4), — ' Desiderio naturali non voluptate 
 ' modus finitus.' 
 
 179. Titillet. Cp. Cic. de Off. II. XYIII. 9,—' Multitudinis levitatem voluptate quasi 
 titillantium.' 
 
 180. Uter. This word is not often found except in a dependent or interrogative 
 construction. There are instances however : see Plaut. Stich. V. IV. 51, — 
 'neuterutri invidet ; ' and Cic. de Off. III. 23, — ' sibine uter rapiat ? ' and 
 Verr. II III. 14, — ' si uter veiit.' 
 
 181. Intestabilis. Cp. Sall. Jug. 67. — ' Improbus intestabilisque.' Tt properly 
 expresses a legal, civil, and penal disqualification for giving evidence and 
 making wills (in both senses of testor.) 
 
 The harshness of the verse will be softened, if we suppose the in to have 
 been read as separable in scansion from its compound. (See Munro on Lucr. 
 II. 1059.) 
 
 182. In cicere atque faba. For the costliness of high office at Pome, see the art. 
 1 JEdiles,' in Dict. Antiqq. ; and cp. Oic. de Off. n. 16. The distribution of 
 " vetches," etc. to the scrambling multitude (see Pers. V. 177, — Cicer ingere 
 large Rixanti populo) is sarcastically taken to represent the expenses 
 generally. 
 
 183. Latv.s, " showily, proudly ;" whether the reference be to the breadth and 
 fulness of the dress, as in Ep. iv. 8 ; or as having the way cleared for him by 
 his lictors ; (so Lambinus.) Bentley compares ' subnixis alis me inferam, atque 
 amicibor gloriose ; ' and ' ansatus ambulat' in Plaut. Pe?'s. II. v. 6; but still 
 better, Cicero's expression in Acad. II. 41, — ' Erigimur, latiores fieri videmur ;' 
 (if the reading there was not doubtful. Baiter reads altiores.) 
 
 ib. In Circo. The games in the Circus (Circenses) commenced with a showy 
 procession, in which persons of distinction took part;. 
 
 ib. Stes. Cp. 'Levi de marmore tota...stabis,' Virg. Ecl. vn. 31. 
 
 185. Agrippa. He was aedile b. c. 33. See the art. referred to on v. 182, and his 
 life in the Biogr. Dict. 
 
 187. What follows is founded upon the Aja.r of Sophocles ; in which (from v. 
 1047) the question of the hero'*s burial is contested. 
 
 188. Bex su.m. ' Hoc volo, sic jubeo, sit pro ratione voluntas.' Jw>. VI. 223. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. SAT. m. 177 
 
 188. Plebeius. Hom. II. (i. 212,— 
 
 eVel oboe ^.ei> ouSe eoiKev 
 8r)/xov e6vra 7raoe£ ayopevefxev. 
 
 191. -Hbra. IZ, a. 18,— 
 
 vfxiv fxev 0eoi Sotej/ 'OXvfxtna Scafxar' exovres 
 eKirepo~ai Upid/xoio iroXiv ev 6° ofcad' iKeaQai. 
 
 ib. Deducere is the better reading, and rightly explained by Orelli as 
 ' domum ducere, ut decedere de provincia '=' in nrbem redire.' It is the 
 regular word, (e. g. Liv. xxyi. 28) for " withdrawing troops hompward, or 
 conducting them to their destination." Bentley understands it (not so well) 
 in its common sense of " launching ships." Reducere has a majority of MSS. 
 in its favour, and the first syllable is lengthened in Lucretius. But it may be 
 safely conjectured to be the correction of a copyist, who did not recognise the 
 proper and consistent use of deducere. 
 
 191. Putescit. Cp. ' putescat corpore posto,' Lucr. III. 871. Hom. Od. a. 161, — 
 A.eiV barea irvQerai 6/j.@pa>. Hom. II. A. 394, — 6 8e 0' al/xaTi. yalav epevQcov 
 TrvQerai. 
 
 195. Hom. II. a. 255, — ^H Kev yqQ-haai Tlplajios, npia/j.oi6 Te iraides. 
 
 197. Mille ovium. Mille, in the plural, is always a substantive ; in the singular, 
 rarely. 
 
 199. See the description in Lucretius, I. 84, — ' Aulide quo pacto,' etc. Cp. Eur. IpJi. 
 Aul. 883, — 'ApTefxidi Qvcreiv iraida arjv /xeWei 7ra.T7}p. And 893, — (bpov&v yap 
 eTvx* o~bs ttoo-is t6t' ed {%. e. " when he relented, and changed his purpose.") 
 
 205. Adverso, i.e. "the opposite shore." The scene of the dialogue must be sup- 
 posed to be (cp. v. 191) at Troy. 
 
 206. Prudens, " knowingly, with design ; " as in Epist. II. II. 18; Ars P. 462. 
 Properly therefore, or in common language, the opposite of inso.nus. Cicero 
 (d,e Off. III. 25) quotes Agamemnon's action as the wrong keeping of a rash 
 promise. 
 
 208. Alias veris. Veri is the reading of many copies, which Gesner esplains as 
 ' Hellenismus pro alias vero.' Others take alias by itself, for diversas. The 
 present reading seems preferable, and admits of being thus rendered, — " He 
 " who adopts fancies other than the true (i. e. at variance with true principle), 
 " and confounded by the force of evil passions, must be held to be disordered 
 " in mind." 
 
 209. Commotus=insanus, or furiosus, as v. 278. 
 
 213. Cum tumidum est. Gr. oltiavei, olSdveTai, Hom. II. i. 553, 646. 
 
 216. Forti. Homerice Qa\ep6s, II. f. 430. Engl. " gallant." 
 
 217. Interdicto. This part of the praetor's office is alluded to again. Epist, 
 I. i. 103. 
 
 219. Muta=bruta, as in S. I. HI. 100. And Juv. xv. 143, — ' Separat hoc nos a 
 grege mutorum.' 
 
 223. Circumtonuit=attonuit. 
 
 ib. Bellona. Bellona was honoured with wild and bloody rites on the 24th of 
 March (Cal. April 9.) Tibull. I. VI. 45—50. Cp. Juv. IV. 123,— 
 
 ' Fanaticus, cestro 
 
 ' Percussus, Bellona, tuo.' 
 
 228. Tusci...vici. For an account of this street and the Yelabrum, see Cookeslexfs 
 Map of Rome, pp. 27, 28. 
 
 239. Metellce. Wife of P. C. Lentulus Spinther, and divorced from him on account 
 of Dolabella (Cic. Att. xi. 23 ; xn. 52.) [O.] 
 
l 78 NOTES ON TEE 8A 77 i: EB t BOi )E II. SL 17'. rn, 
 
 240. SoUdvant integrum, &0poov. [G. bakec H :>h golidflm, for eoUdorum. 8olidm 
 waa a gold ooin, worth twenty-five denarii, bnt can have no place here. 
 />• cies signifiea a sum, not a coin. 
 
 2 11. Diforib. Vlin. N. H. ix. 35, (58, 59) relatcs thia story, with a similar one of 
 Cleopatra. So Suetonius, in reciting the nepotinia ewmpUbua of CaJignla, ch. 
 
 XXXVII. 
 
 246. Creta, Cp. Pers. v. 108,— 
 
 * Qua?que sequenda forent, quaeque evitanda vicissim, 
 ' llla prius creta, mox hasc carbone notasti ? ' 
 
 217. Casas, " baby-houses." 
 
 218. Ivdere par inypar, " to play at odd and even." Gr. apTta£eiv, as in Aristoph. 
 Phd. 816. Cp. Ou fc, 79 — 
 
 ' Est etiam, par sit numerus qui dicat, an impar ; 
 ' Ut divinatas auferat augur opes.' 
 
 251. In indvere. Cp. Hom. II. o. 362,— 
 
 &s OT6 tis y\iajj.aQcv irals a'yx L QaXaaar)s 
 
 octt', 67rel ovv Trotriaij advpfxaTa vriTrterjatv, 
 a\p oItis avv4xev€ rroalv Kal xepvi", advpcov. 
 254 Polemo, pupil and successor of Xenocrates in the Academic school. ' Hic 
 Speusippus, hic Xenocrates, hic ejus auditor Polemo, cujus ipsa illa sessio fuit 
 ' quam videmus.' Cic. de Fin. V. 1. 
 
 255. Cubital. Many MSS. have cubitale. No doubt the word properly is an 
 adjective ; and so puteaX, toral. 
 
 ib. Focalia (from fauces), "handkerchiefs for the neck"; like other fascia, 
 signs of an effeminate habit, or of ill health. 
 
 259. Catelle. Dimin. of catulus ; used as a pet name. A whole list of such names 
 may be seen in Plaut. Asin. III. in. 76, 103. 
 
 262 — 271. This passage is taken nearly word for word from Terence, Eunuch. I. I. 
 Cp. Persius' imitation, Sat. V. 161 — 173 ; and Epod. xi. 20. 
 
 262. Nec nunc. Orelli decides nnhesitatingly for this reading, against ne nunc, 
 referring to Madvig on Cic. Fin. pp. 82, sq. and 822, sq. 
 
 263. Dolores. ' Litore qnot conchas, tot sunt in amore dolores.' Ov. Art. Am. 
 II. 519. 
 
 269. Mobilia. Cp. ' Tempestas et cseli mobilis hnmor,' Virg. Geor. i. 417. 
 
 270. Nihilo plus explicet, " he will make no more -way." Cp. ' Per catervas explicare 
 arma,' C. IY. IX. 41. Explico, with its various meanings, is nearly synonymous 
 ■with expedio, and the two verbs are joined together in Cic. Fam. XIII. xxvi. 
 2, — ' Ut ejus negotia explices et expedias.' 
 
 273. Si cameram percusti. This was a lover's mode of " trying his luck," to ascer- 
 tain whether his love was returned. Cp. the TrjKecptXov, another eqnaliy in- 
 genious test, in Theocr. Id. ni. 29. 
 
 271. Balba jeris...verba. Equivalent to ' blanditias tremula componere voce,' 
 Tibv.ll. L II. 91. Cp. Pers. i. 33, 35,— 
 
 'Balba de nare locutus... 
 
 ' tenero supplantat verba palato,' 
 
 (of the recitation, in character, of a love-tale.) 
 
 276. Ignem gladio. Apparently a proverbial expression for " going on to deeds of 
 violence." 
 
 277. Marius slew Hellas, and then himself. 
 
 ib. PrKcvpitat' Historic present; as above. v. 61. edormit. 
 
N0TE8 ON THE SATIBES : BOOK II. 8AT. m. 179 
 
 278. Cerritus (=Cereritus, from Ceres), " planet-struck ;" like larvatus, with which 
 it is joined by Plautus, Mencechm. Y. IV. 9. Cp. Amphit. II. II. 143-4. 
 Suetonius (Aug. 87), in kis notice of Augustus' style in writing, remarks tkis 
 word, ' ponit assidue pro cerrito vacerrosum ' (from vacerra, " a post.") 
 
 281. Circum compita, i. e. imploring tke Lares Prcestites or Compitales. See Ov. 
 Fast. v, 129 ; and II. 618,— 
 
 c Compita servant 
 ' Et vigilant nostra semper in urbe Lares.' 
 Tke Compitalia was a festival day in tkeir konour. 
 
 ib. Siccus, "in kis sober senses." Sat. II. n. 7 ; Carm. IY. v. 39 ; E. I. xix. 9. 
 
 282. Lautis...manibus, i. e. as a worsbipper. 
 
 283. Quid tam magnum ? Al. quiddam. Bentley and Orelli support tke text by 
 comparison witk Virg. Mn. XI. 705 ; Pers. V. 120. Cp. Tkeognis 14, — crol /xev 
 rovro, 6ed, /xiKpbv ifxol 5e fxeya. 
 
 ib. Surpite. So acpite, for accipite, in Ennius, Cic. de Off. I. 12 ; porgite in Virg. 
 Mn. Viii. 274. 
 
 285. Nisi litigiosus, i. e. if he warranted kim sound in mind, ke would be liable to 
 an action. Tke seller ' qui scire debuit, prgestat ' (Cic.de Off. nr. 17), was 
 answerable for any defects, if cognisant of tkem. Cp. E. II. II. 17. 
 
 287. Oente Meneni, i. e. tke family of fools. 
 
 291. Die quo...jejunia. Jovis dies (Thursday) was a weekly fast-day witk tke Jews, 
 (and, it is said, witk otker Orientals.) Tkat the superstitious Romans 
 recognised, or even adopted, Jewish observances, is clear from Sat. I. ix. 69, 
 and the passages there cited. 
 
 292. In Tiberi stabit. The same rite is mentioned in Juv. VI. 522 ; Pers. II. 15. 
 
 293. Necabit...reducet. vo-repou irporipou. [0.] 
 
 297. Compellare is nearly=a7roK:aAerj/. Cp. S. I. vri. 31. For an instance of its 
 usage in prose, cp. Liv. xxxiv. 2. Not that it may not have a good sense, as 
 in Virg. JEn. III. 474, — ' multo compellat honore.' 
 
 298. Plaut. Pseud. IV. VII. 77, — ' Contumeliam si dices, audies.' Cp. Hesiod, 
 epya Kal fjfx. 721. 
 
 299. Every person is said in the fable to have a wallet at his back (Phcedrus, IV. 
 ix., speaks of two, one being worn in front .) filled with his own faults, which, 
 therefore, he cannot see, though he sees those of others. So Pers. iv. 24, — ■ 
 
 ' Ut nemo in sese tentat descendere, nemo ! 
 ' Sed prsecedenti spectatur mantica tergo.' 
 And so Catull. xxn. 21. Cp. Sat. I. in. 22. 
 
 303. Agave, the mother of Pentheus. See the Bacchce of Euripides, and Ov. Met. 
 iii. adfin. 
 
 308. " You are like a dwarf aping a tall man ;" i. e. you vie witk tke rick. 
 
 310. Turbo was a little gladiator. Like Tydeus, — [xiKphs [x\v inv SJ/xas a\\a 
 fiax^Trjs. 
 
 311. Spiritum. Cp. ' qui spiritus illi,' Virg. 2En. v. 648. 
 
 312. Te quoque, etc. sc. facere. "Is it rigkt for you to do tke same, when so lifctlo 
 " on a level with him, and so far inferior in the coutest ?" Examples of the 
 infinitive after a comparative [B.] finds in C. III. xxiv. 56 ; Pers. IV. 16 ; and 
 especially Silius Ital. v. 77, — ' Heu fatis superi certasse minores !' Two varia- 
 tions of construing in this sentence are possible : 1. Tanto might stand for 
 tanto viro, and would then be retained in both clauses. 2. Certare might be a 
 substitution for facere (or=certatim facere) according to the principle pointed 
 out on S. I. vi. 90. 
 
1S0 NOTES ON THE 8ATIRE81 BOOK II. 8AT< nr, iv. 
 
 313. 7 which, liowcvi'!-, carniot be need adverbially, cxccpt witii 
 
 a oomparative, and, taken otherwise, is awkward. sd a.s in v. 
 
 317, and as multum (c.g. v. 117), for ( 
 
 315. I ' Ordine et plcno narrat,' Orell. Cp. fche erplanation of defingo, 
 
 Sat. I. x. 37. Cp. deUbigo, " to rail without ceaaing," ^l. 7'. 94. 
 
 76. L% "how ;" not "that." 
 
 326.. Magor...minori. There seenis a double scnsc intended, — major, scil., vi 
 vel msania. 
 
 SATIRE IV. 
 
 This Satire may remind the readers of Smollett of thc Feast in the Manncr 
 of thc Ancients, in Peregrme Pickle. 
 
 It contains a string of precepts, burlesque often in meaning as well as 
 manner, upon cookery. They are delivered as a lectnre by Catius (perhaps 
 an imaginary pcrson, perhaps the " Soyer" of his day), in formal philosophic 
 style, beginning ab ovo (v. 12), and running through cabbages and tough hens, 
 mushrooms and mulbcrrics, shell-fish, solids, wine, and sauces, "whatever pro- 
 vukes appetite or promotes digestion. Thcy conclude (v. 70) with reflectiona 
 upon misplaced parsimony, and the neglect of (supposed) minor points, 
 essential really to comfort and refinement. 
 
 Catius. Cicero mentions an Epicurean of this name ; and it has been thought 
 that Horace intended in his person to satirise that sect. But there is no real 
 ground for identifying the two ; and the drift of the satire evidently bears 
 upon a prevailing folly, not any philosophic peculiarities. 
 
 Orelli has inferred, with much probability, from the Scholiasfs expression — ■ 
 ' irridet eum quod de opere pistorio in suo libro scribit de se ipso : Hcee 
 c primus invenit et cognovit Oatius Miltiades' — that this speaker was Catius' 
 freedman, who had really written a cookery-book, and to whom therefore these 
 maxims might be. attributed, with some chance of taking in the gastronomical 
 professors, who affected to know and retail the secrets of Maecenas' kitchen. 
 In reference to the style of the speaker, Orelli (011 v. 3) aptly quotes Atherueus, 
 VII. 36, — ' K\a£ovu<6v io-Ti irav to tcov /j.ayt tpcav tpvXov. 
 
 Ponere signoj. Orelli understands the phrase of "assigning a character and 
 place in the memory to," according to the Memoria Teclinica of Simo, 
 
 ' his Art of Memory is described at length by Cicero in two passages : Ad 
 Herenn. 111. 16 (28), sqq. ; and de Orat. n. 86 (351), sqq. In his exposition of 
 its method — a method traced out from a principle of luminous arrangement, 
 viz. the perccption (353) ' orciinem esse maxime qui memorise lumen afferret ' 
 — he lays down, that rooms or niches are to be marked out in the mcmory 
 (351),— ' locos esse capiendos, et ea, quae memoria tenere vellent, effmgenda 
 animo atque in his locis collocanda ;' in which are to be ranged the casts or 
 shaped models of ideas and things. These niches he compares to writing 
 tablets, the casts or shapes to letters, — ' loci ceree aut chartae simillimi sunt, 
 imagines litteris ' (ad Her. 30) ; ' locis pro cera, simulacris pro Htteris 
 nteremur,' (de Or. 351, cjp. 360). The subjects of knowledge, or conceptions 
 of the mind, may be thus presented to the eye of the understanding in a 
 substantial form, Hkeness, or shape, — ' Ees caecas...conforniatio quaedam et 
 imago et figura notaret ' (357). 
 
 In accordance with this system, we find litteris consignare used side by side, 
 and as if parallel, with in animo insculpere, in the account of Lucullus and his 
 power of memory. Cic. Acad. 11. 2, — ' Ut Ktteris consignamus quae moni- 
 •' mentis mandare volumus, sic ille in animo res insculptas habebat.' 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. SAT. iv. 181 
 
 Ponere signa, if compared with and illustrated by these phrases, may be in- 
 ferred to mean " shaping, casting, setting np models for" (as in statnaiy, see 
 C. IV. VIII. 8, ponere is " to set np on the pedestal," and so, generally, " to 
 execute a work.") Or ponere may be=c? isponere, as in de Or. 359, — ' personis 
 bene positis.' And where Cicero compares the imagines to letters, the dis- 
 positio imaginum is compared to writing, — scripturce. Either way Horace's 
 phrase may with some latitude be translated, " to find a place in the memory 
 for," or " to give form and shape to." 
 
 3. Anyti rev.ra. Socrates. 
 
 9. Teaves tenui, i. e. " matters requiring a nicety of perception to understand 
 " them, of expression to convey them." 
 
 13. Magis alboj. Bentley conjectured o.lraa ; but (as Dacier has remarked) the rule 
 is really, hke most of the subsequent rules, a jest. 
 
 16. Elvtius, " more insipid." 17. Oppresserit, " has taken you by surprise." 
 
 18. Malum responset. Malum used adverbially, as turbidura, perfdv.m, Co.rra. II. 
 xix. 6 ; III. xxvii. 67. It is a pleonasm here, since responso involves the 
 meaning "to repel, resist." Cp. Sat. II. VII. 85, 103. 
 
 21". Aliis male creditur. ' Anciipites fungi ponentur,' Juv. v. 146. The phrase male 
 creditur is found in Ov. Fo.st. n. 225. 
 
 22. Prandia, " lunch." See BecTc. Gallus, Exc. I. sc. ix. p. 358, sq. 
 
 21. Miscelat mella. This was for the gustus or proraulsis, " a whet " to the appetite. 
 Ibid. p. 361. 
 
 26. Lmi ..mv.lso. The emphasis is here placed on leni, as opposed to forti, v. 24. 
 
 For raulsum, see Sat. II. n. 16. Cp. Yirg. Geor. iv. 101, — 
 
 ' Dulcia mella premes, nec tantum dulcia, quantum 
 ' Et liquida et durum Bacclii domitura saporem.' 
 
 27. Francis translates thus : 
 
 c Sorrel and white vrine, if you costive prove, 
 ' And muscles, all obstructions shall remove ; 
 ' In the new moon all shell-fish fill with juice, 
 'But not all seas the richer sort produce.' 
 
 33. Ostrea Circeiis. Juv. IV. 140, — 
 
 ' Circeiis nata forent an 
 ' Lucrinum ad saxum, Butupiuove edita fundo 
 ' Ostrea callebat primo deprendere morsu.' 
 
 34. Pectiaibus, " scallops." Patulis, — Gr. avcnrTvxois, — " bivalves." 
 
 36. " Until he has mastered the art of flavouring," (sc. by using the proper sauces 
 to each dish.) 
 
 37. Avertere. See the use of this verb in Cic. Verr. II. 1. 4. Al. averrere, a reading 
 
 of equal authority. The first is perhaps more idiomatic : it is used of " seizing 
 by fraud or violence," and here, accordingly, is interpreted, ' fraudare mensam 
 alicujus delicati obsonio illo ;' i. e. " to buy up before, or against, all com- 
 petitors." Averrere=" to sweep tbe board," has a more English sound. 
 
 38. Ignarura quibus est, i. e. without distinguishing the two kinds, viz. that which is 
 
 to be dressed richly with sauces, and that which is to be plainly dressed. 
 Quibus is not indefinite, therefore the indicative follows. 
 
 40 — 42. *TJmber. Fed in Umbria, and the woods of the Apennines. Laurens, 
 " among the marshes of Laurentum." 
 
 ' Actus aper, multos Vesulus quem pinifer annoa 
 'Defendit, multos ve palus Laurentia, silva 
 
 ' Pastus arundinea ' Virg. 2En. x. 708. 
 
 41. Cp. Jv.v. I. 141,— 
 
 ' Totos 
 ' Ponit apros, animal propter convivia natum.' 
 
182 NOTES ON THE 8ATIBE8 : HOOK II. 8AT. iv. 
 
 43. Ca/preas, Cp. Vwg. Oeorg. n. 374. 
 
 58. SquiUis. The squilla is takcn for a kincl of lobster, or shrimp ; thc othor, or 
 cognate, form scilla is tlic sca onion. 
 
 £9. Lactuca. This rule is illustrated by Ma/rtial, XIII. mv, — 
 ' Claudcre quse ccnas lactuca solcbat avortnn, 
 1 Dic mihi cur nostras inchoat ille dapes P 
 Thc lcttuce was the close of the old and simpler meal, not of thc modern, 
 with which it would disagree (innatat,) and for which it served only as a whet. 
 
 61. Immorsus, " gnawed into ;" metaph. " stimulated." Comp. Sat. II. vin. 9, — 
 'Lassum pervcllunt stomachum.' The reading of a majority of MSS. is in 
 rnorsus ; but the context, which (w. 51 — 62) treats solely of wines, and tho 
 taste for them, shows that the meaning is, " to be freshened for renewed 
 drinking." 
 
 G2. Mart. I. xlii. 9, — * Quod fumantia qui tomacla raucus 
 ' Circumfert tepidis cocus popinis.' 
 
 63. Duplicis...juris, i. e. duorum jnrium : " the two kinds of sauces ;" f£7ie simple, 
 described in vv. 64, 65 ; and. the compound, in which the ingredients of w. 
 67 — 69areadded; viz. shredded herbs and saffron, subject to the process of 
 fermenting and cooling down. Cp. the recipe in Sat. II. VIII. 45, 47.) 
 
 66. i. e. Byzantine pickles. 
 
 68. Corycio, i. e. " Cilician." 
 
 71. Venucula, a species of grape, called also sircida and stacida ; ' ollis wpUs- 
 
 sima.' Plin. H. N. xiv. 2 (4.) 
 
 ib. Olla, " a jar." Cp. ' uvas ollares,' Mart. VII. xx. 9. 
 
 73. Fwcem . . .allec, " wine lees and fish pjckle ;" mentioned together Sat. II. vni. 9. 
 
 75. Incretum, " sifted, sprinkled over." ' Per incernicidum inspersum.' — Sch. 
 
 ib. Circumposuisse, i. e. plates were set round to (or between) the several guests. 
 
 81. Compare Sat. II. viii. 10; also Epist. I. v. 22. For an account of these table- 
 brushes, napkins, etc. see Becker, Gallus, Exc. III. sc. IX. p. 368. 
 
 83. Lapides varios, i. e. coloured marbles, a tesselated floor. 
 
 ib. Palma, sc. " a palm-broom." Mart. XIV. lxxxii. Cp. Juv. Sat. XIV. 59, sq. : 
 ' Hospite venturo, cessabit nemo tuorum : 
 
 ' Verre pavimentum 
 
 ' Nec perfusa luto sit porticus, et tamen uno 
 ' Semodio scobis hsec emendat servulus unus.' 
 
 84. i. e. " To hang soiled drapery round a purple couch." The torus, the soft 
 
 stuffed couch, or cushioned part, upon the. lectus, or sofa ; the toralia, the 
 " valance " or hangings falling round from it to the floor. Comp. Ov. Met. 
 vin. 655, — 
 
 ' Torus est de mollibus ulvis 
 
 ' Impositus lecto, sponda pedibusque salignis ; 
 
 ' Vestibus hunc velant.' 
 The toralia have been mistranslated, as " coverings for the couch." (The 
 article ' torus ' in Dict. of Antiqq. is misleading in this, as well as in its transla- 
 tion of ulvee by " sea-weed," which could not make a comfortable mattress.) 
 But Varro, L. L. v. 167, defines toralia, ' quod ante torum ;' and VirgiVs Mth. I. 
 700, — ' Stratoque super discumbitur ostro ;' and Lucretius, n. 35, — ' Textilibus 
 ' si in picturis ostroque rubenti Jacteris quam si in plebeia veste cubandum 
 ' est ;' lead naturally to the inference that the rich vestis was uppermost, and 
 neither protected nor hidden by a wrapper. See Becker's Gallus, (p. 290.) 
 
 93. Quia contigit. ' What we have we prize not to the worth whiles we enjoy it.' 
 SMks. Much Ado, Act IV. Sc. i. 
 
 94. Cp. Lucrct. i. 926, (quotedon Carm. I. xxvi. 6,) and Cic. Aco.d. Q. i. 8, — 'Ad 
 
 ' Grcecos ire jubeo, ut ca a fontibus potius hauriant, quam rivulos consectcntur/ 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. SAT. v. 183 
 
 SATIRE V. 
 
 On fortune-hunting. An imaginary dialogue between Ulysses and Tiresias, 
 whose advice, we mnst suppose, represents the actual trickeries resorted to 
 by the dependents of rich men and needy expectants of a legacy. The 
 methods exposed are presents (v. 11,) companionship (v. 17,) legal aid and 
 advocacy (v. 27, sqq.) general suppleness and flattery. 
 
 Their usual success is described ; their occasional detection and rebuff is 
 illustrated in the story of Nasica and Coranus (vi\ 56 — 69.) 
 
 A heading for this Satire may be taken from Cicero, Paradox V. (39) : 
 ' Hereditatis spes quid iniquitatis in serviendo non suscipit ? quem nutum 
 ' locupletis orbi senis non observat ? loquitur ad voluntatem : quidquid de- 
 ' nunciatum sit, facit : assectatur, assidet, niuneratur.' 
 
 1. Hoc quoque, Tiresia. The idea of this dialogue is taken from the Homeric 
 scene in Hades, Odyss. \. 90, sqq. 
 
 8. Vilior alga. Cp. Virg. Ecl. vn. 42. 
 
 9. Missis ambagibus. Nearly synonymous with sublatis dolis, Virg. 2En. XII. 26. 
 
 Cp. air\cp \6yca, JEsclx, P. V. 610. 
 
 10. Turdus. So in Ovid, A. Am. II. 269. And compare the mention of lovers' 
 presents, Arist. Av. 707, — 6 /xej/ oprvya Sous, 6 5e nvop(pvpi(av , 6 5e XW% o Se 
 TLepo-iKov opviv. 
 
 15. " Wicked or worthless as he may be." Sine gente, "of no gens " i. e. not a 
 freeman. 
 
 16 Ne recuses. See note on Car. I. xxxin. 1. Can this instance be classed 
 
 under the exception as an hypothetical sentence ? 
 
 18. Tegam...latus. Juv. iii. 131, — 
 
 ' Divitis hic servi claudit latus ingenuorum 
 ' Filius.' 
 Cp. Ov. Fast v. 68. 
 
 20. r^Tj&ofxai iv aTTjdecro^iv ixwv Ta\airevflea dvfiov. 
 
 tJSt] yap fj.a\a ttoW' eiraQov, k. t. \. Odyss. e. 22. Cp. v. 18. 
 
 ' Perfer et obdura ; multo graviora tulisti.' Ov. Trist.Y. XI. 7. (See Carm. 
 I. vii. 30.) 
 
 22. Ruam. Used transitively. So Lucret. VI. 726, — ' Euit intus harenam.' So 
 Virg. G. I. 105. Orelli quotes 'corruere divitias,' from Plaut. Rud. II. vi. 58. 
 
 25. Cp. MartiaJ, vi. 63 ; and Lucian, in Timone, 21, — oTos avTovs 6 6vwos...Sie(pvyev, 
 ovk 6\iyov to 5e\eap KaTamwv. Cp. V. 44; and Juv. XII. 123, — 
 
 ' ^3Eger 
 ' Delebit tabulas, inclusus carcere nassoi ;' 
 (i. e. caughtlike a fish in the basket snare.) 
 
 32. Prcenomine, i. e. they are proud of their praenomen, as the distinction of a free 
 man. So the emancipated Dama, in Pers. v. 79, — 
 ' Momento turbinis exit 
 
 ' Marcus Daraa.' 
 
 38. Pelliculam curare, i. e. " to makehimself comfortable." Cura rc cutem expresses 
 
 the idea of show, smartness, or comfort ; curare membra (as Sat. II. II. 80) or 
 corpus (as Virg. 2En. iii. 511), of refreshment after fatigue. 
 
 39. Obilnra, See note on v. 20. 
 
184 NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. 8AT. «, 
 
 89-41. Seurubra [1/pes. These lines, with their mlsapplied ingennity 
 
 of metaphor and epithet, are thought to be wnolly parodied from Fnrins' 
 poems. (See 8at. I. x. 36.) Rubra is perhaps a forced synonym for fla 
 or fervena. Tnfontes is Btrained from the prov. (Ep. II. n. 83) ' Statna tacitnr- 
 nius.' Conspuet AVpes i.s allowed tobethe phrase onwhichthenickname AVpinus 
 is founded. J - ;i ooarse phrase, unfit for epic poetry, and 
 
 either ridicnled on tliat ground, or else an actual description of th<; poefs 
 figm-e and voracity. 
 
 44. Annobunt thunni. Cp. Aristoph. Eqq. 313, — rovs <p6povs dvwocncoTruiv, (.said of 
 
 Cleon, on the look-out for foreign tributes.) 
 
 45. Validus male, " an invalid." 
 
 46. SuUatus. Virg. 2En. IX. 203, — ' Sublatum erudiit.' So susceptus, as in 
 Tusc. III. 1. 
 
 49. Egerit Orco. Comp. Car. I. xxviii. 10, — ' Orco dcmissum.' So Virg. 2En. II. 
 398 ; IX. 527, 785. These constructions are clearly based on Homer, II. a. 3, 
 ^u^as^AiSi ■npoiatyev ; it is not so clear whether they are poetical datives of 
 place (signifying motion towards) or datives of object, which is a more usual 
 syntax. In Homer, v A'tSi is probably a person, the King of Hades. Comp. II. 
 •*. 190, and see Heyne and Bothe's Annotations on II. a. 3. In JEn. xr. 81, 
 mitteret nmbris is used of persons, sc. the Di Inferi. 
 
 53. Limis rapias, "learn by a rapid side-glance." Cp. Plo.v.t. M. Glor. IV. vi. 2 ; 
 Ter. Eun. III. v. 53. 
 
 ib. Prima...cera. Juv. IV. 19, — • Praecipuam in tabulis ceram.' 
 
 ib. Secundo versu. The second line would name the heir, as the first line the 
 
 testator. 
 
 55. Recoctus scriba ex quinqueviro, i. e. a practised man of business, not easily 
 
 imposed upon. Becoquere. ' Ssepius=' in alios formare usus ' (see on I 
 
 II. i. 38), — ' Est igitur...mutata condicione factus qusesticuli causa scriba ex 
 
 ' quinqueviro.' — Orelli. 
 
 The scribce (see Dict. of Antiqq. art. ' Scriba ') were notaries or secretaries, 
 public servants, whose office was to register the public deeds of the senate, or 
 the magistrates (e. g. praetors, aediles,) to whom they were attached. Cicero, 
 
 inVerr. III. 79, calls them ' ordo honestus quod eorum hominum fidei 
 
 tabuloe publicse periculaque magistratuum ("judicial records ") committuntur.' 
 Horace held for a time a scriptus quasstorius. Quinqueviri were commissioners 
 of vaiious kinds. 
 
 56. Hiantem. Cp. Lucian, Timon, 22, — tovs iia.T-qv Kexvvoras. 
 
 58. Furis. Cp. the Gr p.6vris, from jxaivouai. 
 
 59. This line makes good sense, though at first sight it seems a mere reductio od 
 
 absurdum. " What will happen, will happen, if I tell you it will," and vice 
 versa. (Phil. Mus. p. 461.) 
 
 65. Soldum, i. e. solidum, "his debt;" lit. " his whole debt." 
 
 77. Perduci. Cp. perductores, Cic. Verr. II. i. 12. 
 
 83. x aX *' n ' uV X ?' 103 Kvva yevo~ai. Theocr. Id. x. 11. There is a kindred proverb in 
 
 Theocr. XIV. 51, — ccs jj.vs, (<pavr\) idvcavix, oyevfxeOa Tricrcras. 
 
 84. Thebis. Tiresias speaks in character, as a Theban. 
 
 87. Elabi. Used here in its strict sense of " slipping off, or away ;" but also in a 
 general sense, as in Liv. xxxix. 51, — 'Ut nemo inde elabi posset.' 
 
 ib. Si posset, " to see if she could, so that she might if possible ;" an idiom com- 
 mon in Greek : e. g. Thuc. I. 58 ; Hom. II. /8. 72 ; v. 464 ; and Odyss. I. 94,— 
 
 ¥iv irov aKovav, followed by the answering clause, ^S' Iva Comp. Virg. 2En. 
 
 IV. 85, and vi. 78, — ' Magnum si pectore p>ossit Excussisse Deu.ni,' (i. e. " in the 
 endeavour to shake off," &c.) 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES: BOOK II. SAT. v, vi. 185 
 
 92. So Persius, in. 80, — ' Obstipo capite et figentes lumine terram.' "With the 
 sense, compare Lucian, Menipp. XII,— Karui vej/euKdVes. 
 
 93. Increbuit, " has freshened." e Crebrescunt optatae auraB,' Firgr. ^En,. in. 530, 
 
 Compare Georg. i. 359. 
 
 97. The MSS. omit the final e*, which the Editors mostly favonr. So in Car. IV. 
 IX, 42, 43. It donbtless is more likely to have been added as a correction 
 or explanation, than dropped, if originally in the text. ' Conjunctiones de- 
 ' tractae afferunt aliquid obscuritatis, etsi gratiam augent.' !So thought 
 Augustus : see Life by Sueton. 86. 
 
 99, Servitio. Cic. Parad. 5, — ' An eorum servitus dubia est qui cupiditate peculii 
 
 ' nullam condicionem recusant durissimas servitutis ?' 
 
 100. Certum vigilans, " wide awake," Ovid has incertum vigilans ("between 
 sleeping and waking,") Epist. x. 9. 
 
 ib. Quarta?...partis...heres. The more technical phrase was heres ex quadrante, or 
 heres ex teruncio. 
 
 102. Unde, with acc. So in Sat. vn. 116. 
 
 103. Sparge, " let fall " expressions of this kind. Compare — 
 
 ' Spargere voces 
 ' In volgum ambiguas.' Virg. Mn. II. 98. 
 
 105. See Pers. vi. 33, — ' Sed cenam funeris heres negliget urnas Ossa inodora 
 
 ' dabit,' etc. 
 
 109. Nummo, i. e. at a nominal price. 
 
 ib. Addicere. Used nearly in a future sense, — " that you are ivilling to make it 
 over." 
 
 On this subject of inheritances, we may compare the satirical ignotus heres 
 of Carm. II. xvin. 6, and the marked mention by Suetonius (c. 66) of Augus- 
 tus' liberal resolution, — ' qui numquam ex ignoti testamento capere quicquam 
 
 ' sustinuerit,' and ' legata relicta sibi aut statim liberis eorum concedere, 
 
 ' aut, si pupillari statu essent, die virilis togse vel nuptiarum cum incremento 
 ' restituere consueverat.' 
 
 (All the best Emperors followed the same rule. Caligula, on the contrary, 
 c. 38, even extorted property by forced wills.) 
 
 110. Vive. Comp. ' vivite silvaa,' Virg. Ecl. VIII. 58. Martial (VI. Lxx. 15) plays 
 on the double term, — ' Non est vivere, sed valere vita.' 
 
 SATIEE VI. 
 
 This Satire contains a graceful acknowledgment of patronage received, and a 
 cheerful and contented description of the enjoyment of it. Incidentally, we 
 are introduced to the round of employments which occupied the day at Rome ; 
 and, after a passing sketch of the poefs rise into public notice, the freedom 
 and ease of retirement to the country seat is contrasted with them ; and the 
 moral is supplied by the epilogue of the town and country mouse. 
 
 This Satire is imitated by Swift (vol. xii. of the 8vo. edition.) 
 
 5. Maia nate. Mercury was /cepSwos, ipiovvios 8e6s (Compare Sat. II. III. 68,) and 
 especially a protector of Horace. Carm. II. vn. 13 ; II. xvii. 29. 
 
 9. Denormat, " makes irregular ; takes off from the line or square of " 
 
 2 a 
 
186 N0TE8 ON TIIE 8ATIRE8: BOOK II. 8AT. vi. 
 
 10 — 13. Urncm argenti...Hercule. Gopied by Per8. 8at. n. 11. Mercury ' praeerat 
 apertis lucris, Hercules operHsJ < h-elli. Hercule. There was an old Italian 
 divinity, Herculus=" God of the Farmyard or Fold," fiom hercere, " to fenee 
 off," whose attributes aud name the Romans confusod with tho.sc of the 
 Greek Hercules. (See Mr. Marriottfs Adelphi, G'J0 ; and his reference to 
 Mommsen, R. Hist. p. 174.) The wealthy Eomans offered tithes to him. 
 Torrentius citcs Macrob. III. 12, — ' Testatur etiam Varro majores solitos 
 ' decimam Herculi vovere, nec decem dies intermittere quin pollucerent, 
 'populumque asymbolum cum corona laurea dimitterent cubitum.' Cp. Flaut. 
 Stich. I. III. 80, — ' Uti decumam partem Herculi polluceam.' 
 
 13. Gratum. Is this nominative or accusative ? neuter or masculinc ? The best 
 critics decide for the first. ' Ita juvat ut gratum sit animo meo,' Orelli. So 
 Lambinus. ' Grate acceptum,' Baxter, Bothe, Gronovius. But Doering inter- 
 prets ' grati animi hominem ;' i. e. " if I can enjoy and be thankful for what 
 I have." This would accord with E. I. xi. 23. 
 
 16. Montes et arcem. Hendiadys, " my mountain home." 
 
 19. Autumnus, the unhealthy season. Juv. x. 221, — ' Quot Themison aegros 
 autumno occiderit uno.' 
 
 20. Jane. For a like use of the vocative, cp. Tibull. I. vii. 53, — ' Sic venias 
 hodierne.' Theocr. XVII. 66, — i>Aj3ie Kwpe yevoio. 
 
 ib. Audis. As Gr. a.Koveis=apjpettaris. So Milton, P. L. III. 7, — ' Or hearest thou 
 
 rather pure ethereal stream ? ' 
 23. Romce, " when at Rome." 
 
 25. Bruma, from brevissima fsc. dies.) 
 
 26. Interiore...gyro, " an inner or contracted circle." 
 
 ib. Trahit, " draws on slowly," expresses the gradual as well as the late dawning 
 of winter days. Others take it as contrahit, Engl. " draws in ;" ' minus 
 accurate,' Orelli. 
 
 27. Quod mi obsit..., " stipulations which may bring me into trouble." Cic. de Off. I. 
 14, — ' Qui gratificantur cuipiam, quod obsit illi, cui prodesse velle videantur.' 
 There is perhaps an allusion here to the apophthegm of one of the Seven 
 Sages, iyyvr) irapa 8' 6.tv, quoted among others in Plato, Charm, jp. 165, s. 27. 
 (We may compare also S. S. Prov. VI. 1.) 
 
 29. Improbus urget, i. e. "he abuses me without measure." If this is the right 
 
 punctuation, cp, E. I. vn. 63, — ' negat improbus ;' E. I. x. 40 ; and S. I, ix. 73. 
 Compare the adverbial use, as it may be called, of plurimus, in Virg. Geor. i. 
 187 ; Mn. i. 419. (See further in the note on E. I. x. 40.) 
 
 30. Tu jpulses. ' Comice de se loquitur 2da persona,' Gesner. Orelli assigns the 
 sentence to the imjprobv.s. 
 
 32. Hoc, " this," i. e. the sense of my intimacy with Msecenas. 
 ib. Melli (dat. of mel), "is delicious to me." 
 
 ib. Atras...Esquilias, " the gloomy Esquiline." See the description of it as a 
 common burial-ground, in Sat. I. vin. 10 — 16. 
 
 35. Sibi adesses, i. e. as a witness. Cic. pro Quint. 6, — ' Ad tabulam Sestiam sibi 
 adsint.' 
 
 38. Signa. The signet of Augustus, and the right of using it in his name, was en- 
 trusted to Maecenas, with the prefecture of Italy, in b. c. 31. 
 
 40. Septimus octavo. These markings of time seem inconsistent with the dates 
 proposed by Bentley. The mention of the signet (v. 38) and the Dacian war, 
 or the rumours of it, (v. 53 ; cp. Carm. III. VI. 14) appear to determine the 
 composition of this Satire to the year 30 b. c, or the close of 31 b. c. If so, 
 the first introduction of the poet to his patron (see Sat. I. VI. 61) was in 39, 
 or the beginning of 38 b. c. This will agree with the date 37 b. c. for the 
 journey to Brundisium. There is a marking of time in Sat. II. III. 185, where 
 reference is made to Agrippa's aedileship in 33 b. c. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. SAT. vi. 187 
 
 44. Thrax...Syro par. ' Gladiatorum compositiones,' Cic. ad Fam. II. viii. 
 
 46. Rimosa. ' Patuloe aures,' Epist. I. xviii. 70. Contr. ' tutis auribus,' Carm. I. 
 XXVII. 18. Terent. Eun. I. II. 23, sq., — 
 
 ' Quse vera audivi, taceo, et contineo optime : 
 
 ' Sin falsum . . . 
 
 ' Plenus rimarum sum, hac atque illac pernuo.' 
 
 48. Noster, " our friend." Horace adopts the familiar, half-sarcastic term used of 
 him by his acquaintance. 
 
 I have followed Orelli's punctuation: itmakes the construction of subjectior 
 less irregular j but the meaning of noster need not be affected by it. 
 
 50. Frigidus . . .rwmor , i.e. " an evil or ill-boding rumour." ' Colder news/ as 
 Shakespeare has it, Rich. III. Act. IV. Sc. IV. adfin. 
 
 55. Triquetra...tellure, " Sicily." Cp. Lucret. I. 718, — 
 
 ' Insula quem (sc. Empedoclem) Triquetris terrarum gessit in oris.' 
 Cp. Ov. Fast. iv. 420, — ' Trinacris.' A division of lands was made for the 
 veterans in the winter of 30 B. c. There had been one after the Sicilian war, 
 which some (e. g. Clinton, F. H. in 36 B. c.) suppose to be intended in this 
 passage. But see the note on v. 40, sup. 
 
 59. Perditur. ' Hoc nunc quidem unicum exemplum est praesentis passivi in verbo 
 perdere.' [O.J Lachmann (on Lucr. II. 829) condemns it, and corrects porgitur ; 
 which however does not suit the context equally well. Porrigis horas is used 
 in Ov. Met. IV. 199, but in a different sense=" you lengthen out the short 
 hours." The sense required here is not of lengthening or spinning out the do.g^ 
 but of wasting, losing it ; which is just expressed by the common reading. 
 
 62. Cp. ' Securos latices et longa oblivia potant,' Virg. 2En. VI. 714. 
 
 63. Faba Pythagorce. See Callim. Fr. 128, and BlomfieWs note. See Lucian, 
 Biccv irpdcris, c. 6 ; and ^Oveipos, c. 4, — /j.4}Te Kvafxovs iadieiv, tjOkttov e/j.o\ yovv 
 otyov GKTpaTTk&v aTro<paivci)v...Kvd/j.ovs <pay6vTa, ws av et t)]v KtcpaX^v tov iraTphs 
 4or)56Keis. 
 
 64. Cp. Juven. xi. 78, — 
 
 ' Curius parvo quse legerat horto 
 ' Ipse focis brevibus ponebat oluscula... 
 
 ' Et natalitium cognatis ponere lardum.' 
 (Bentley conjectures focis for satis in this passage.) The aspirated form 
 fioluscula is in Hl. B. Cp. Juv. XI. 79, ed. Jahn. In accordance with it, I note 
 the var. read. holus, E. I. V. 2 ; xvn. 13. So, Forum Holitorium (" the green 
 market ") is the reading in Tac. Ann. II. 49. No one, however, has aspirated 
 olitoris in E. I. xvin. 36. 
 
 71. Cp. Cowper's Tas~k : 
 
 ' The customary rites 
 ' Of the last meal commence ; a Roman meal. 
 
 ' Discourse ensues, not trivial, yet not dull, 
 ' Nor such as with a frown forbids the play 
 ' Of fancy, or proscribes the sound of mirth, 
 
 . ' Themes of a graver tone, 
 ' Exciting oft our gratitude and love. 
 ' While we retrace, with memory's pointing wand, 
 ' That calls the past to our exact review, 
 
 ' The dangers we have 'scaped 
 
 ' O evenings worthy of the gods ! exclaimed 
 ' The Sabine bard.' 
 
 •? n •> 
 
183 NOTES ON THE SATIREB : BOOK II. 8AT. vj, vn. 
 
 75. Oc. ex Pont. II. iii. 8,—' Vulgtis amicitias atilitate probat.' 
 
 *17. A ellas. Cp. Plato, Thecet. 85, p. 176, — 6 Ae^^uci/os 7paa>i/ v'eAos. 
 
 91. Nemoris...dorso. The same expression is in Virg. Qeor. ni. 486. 
 
 9.~>. This is commonly compared with Eurip. Alc. 782, ggg. 
 
 103. Cavderet, "glowed, shone brilliantly ;" :i rare osage : tho word is mo.stly 
 
 rostricted to the idea of " whiteness," or " heat." 
 107. Succinctu.s. So Eumaeus entertaining Ulysses, Hom. Od. XXV. 72, — (coo-TTjpt 
 
 8ou>s o-uveepye x^Tcvva. Cp. also Hesiod, Sc. Herc. 287, — imaToAdorjv 8e x^was 
 
 io-TaXaro. 
 109. Prcelambens, var. lcct. prcslibans, an elegant and probable reading, if it had 
 
 more MS. authority; and it is a more natural word to express the taster's 
 
 otiico. Yet, as [0.] remarks, considering that the verna here is a mouse, 
 
 pralambo is appropriate. 
 111. Agit lcetum convivam, " enjoys himself;" literally, " plays the guest :" a form 
 
 of expression analogous to ducem profitetur, " shows the (skill and character of 
 
 a) general," Ov. Art. Am. i. 181. Cp. Virg. JEn. n. 591, — ' confessa Deam.' 
 
 So *in Moschus, Eurojpa, 77, — Kpv\pe Qtov, " he hid the god," (i. e. his true 
 
 character as one.) 
 
 SATIEE VII. 
 
 Davus, a slave, is here the speaker. He asks and obtains lcave to rctort 
 upon his master his own doctrines. 
 
 He begins by arguing that the fickle inconstant character is as worthless 
 as the wholly unscrupulous. Horace himself is then lectured, as one who 
 praises the " good old times," yet loves the luxury of the modern (v. 23) ; who 
 loves the country when in town ; who hates parties when not invited out ; 
 but who, if invited, is off at a momenfs notice (vv. 30 — 35.) He is then com- 
 pared with his own dependents, whom he leaves in the lurch, and has abused 
 for being discontented (v. 40.) But he is open to a worse contrast ; he is 
 not merely on a level with Mulvius the parasite, but with Davns the bought 
 slave (v. 43.) 
 
 The contrast in this part is too coarse to be dwelt on, but concludes (v. 68, 
 sqq.) that he who, after warning or escape, hankers for vice, or is restrained 
 only by circumstances, is as little upright as the thief, who is kept from 
 filching by pnblicity, is honest. He is "passion's slave," incapable of 
 emancipation by any outward relief or change. " Who then is free ?" The 
 question is finely answered (w. 83 — 88) ; and the sense may be expressed 
 nearly in Hamlefs words, — 
 
 ' One in suffering all that suffers nothing ; 
 ' A man that fortune's buffets and rewards 
 ' Has ta'en with equal thanks.' 
 
 The subject passes on presently to picture-fancying (r. 95), to the luxuries 
 of the table (v. 102), to their costliness (v. 110), to the miseries of restlessness 
 (r. 112), indolence, and ennni. Here the lecture (as if it tonched on a sore 
 point) is abruptly closed by the wrath of the listener. 
 
 4. Ut vitale putes, i. e. not too good to live. Cp. Ov. Am. II. vi. 39, — 
 ' Optima prima fere manibus rapiuntur avaris ; 
 ' Implentur numeris deteriora suis,' 
 10. Clavum mutaret. See Dict. of Antiqq. art. c Clavus ;' with the quotation from 
 
 Ovid, Trist. IV. x. 35, — ' Ciavi mensura coacta est,' 
 12. Cp. Isocr. Or. XV, — irep\ 'AvtiS. 305, — iv. t. aKoXaalais TifxsptvGiv iv ats Trp6Tepov ot>5' 
 av oIk4tt]s iiriziKrjs obSels iToK/xvaiv. — Mundior, i. e. " the better class of 
 freedmen." 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIRES : BOOK II. SAT. vn. 1S9 
 
 13. Doctus, i. e. " a student." The reading doctor= u a professor " (the Schol. says 
 
 " of oratory ") has abont equal authority of MSS. 
 
 14. Vertumnis...natus iniquis. Cp. Sat. II. iii. 8, — ' Iratis natus dis ;' Ep ist. II. I. 
 68, — ' Jove sequo.' " Born under the evil star of all the Yertumni." Vertum- 
 nus (from verto), "the god of change." ' Mille habet ornatus, mille decenter 
 habet.' . Tibull. IY. II. 14. See Propert. iy. 2. 
 
 15. Scurra, ' urbanus,' Scliol. The two terms are joined in E. I. XV. 27-8 : so 
 they are in Plaut. Trin. I. II. 165. Scurra is used of various classes in 
 Horace ; of the lowest rank of " jesters" in S. I. V. 52 ; of " a diner-out " in 
 E. I. xv. 28 ; of the poetfs own dependents or hangers-on in this Satire, v. 36. 
 Scurror is simply " I play a part, or flatter," in E. I. xvn. 19 ; and xviii. 2. 
 The word is not used, but the character is described in S. I. iv. 87. Probably, 
 as it included the idea of " a wit," so it passed into the sense it bears here, 
 of " a gay man, a man of pleasure, a gamester." 
 
 16. Quipro se, etc. Cp. Cowper (Tash, The SofaJ, — 
 
 ' The paralytic, who can hold her cards, 
 ' But cannot play them,' etc. 
 
 17. Pliimum, " a dice-box." Gr. <pifxos, Mschin. p. 9, 59. Generally synonymous 
 
 with fritillus, Juv. XIV. 5 ; turricula, Mart. XIV. XVI. 
 
 19. Levius miser, "less wretched," or, " with less sense of being so." 
 
 20. A proverb evidently for an inconstant character, — " now strict, now slack ;" 
 
 but it is a question whether it is derived primai-ily from the working of sail- 
 ropes, or pulleys of any kind ; or from coupling or leading animals in a string. 
 I conclude it is from the last ; comparing Pers. v. 118, — ' Quae dederam supra 
 relego, funemque reduco ;" and 158-60. 
 
 21. Putida, "rotten," (see Sat. II. iii. 75); here=" not worth attention, tire- 
 
 some, tedious :" as putidmsculi, Cic. ad Fam. VII. 5. Cp. the aXvi-yixa o-r\jxaivei.s 
 aadpSu of Eur. Suppl. 1064. 
 
 22. Furcifer=" rascal." The furca was a sort of portable piilory : ire sub furcam 
 
 expresses abject slavery, v. 66. 
 
 26. Cp. Cic. Ep. ii. 7, — ' Si ea defendes quae recta esse senties.' 
 
 27. Cceno. This is thought to be taken from a Greek proverb, inros irrjAov n65as 
 
 31. Amasque, "you congratulate and hug yourself on not having to go out." 
 
 33. Serum. Cp. vespertinus, Sat. II. IV. 17. Epist. I. v. 3, — ' Supremo sole' 
 
 ib. Lumina prima. Epist. II. II. 98. nepl \i>xvav a<pds, Herod. VII. 215. So Juven. 
 X. 339, — 'ante lucernas.' Cp. ad lumina ("by candle-light,") Virg. JEn. vm. 
 411. 
 
 34. Nemon, etc. 
 
 ' Verumne ? itane ? ocius adsit 
 ' Huc aliquis ! Nemon ? Turgescit vitrea bilis.' Pers. III. 7. 
 
 ib. Oleum, i. e. " oil " for lights to light you on your way. 
 
 35. Fugisque, " you hurry off." So in Lucian, Gallus, 9, — Kaire&rj ttots 6 Kaipbs 
 
 acpLKero irpbs rdxos £(J.avrbv airopptyas airepx<>iJ.ai. 
 
 37. Dixerit ille, sc. Mulvius. " He will say, perhaps, in justification, I am a mere 
 " diner-out, an idler, a tavern-haunter ; but so are you, though you dress up 
 "your tastes in a specious garb, and pretend to be a friend, not a parasite." 
 
 39. Si quid vis, adde. A Ciceronian phrase : see Ep. ad Att. VII. n. 3. 
 
 42. Quid si. Davus here resumes his own part. 
 
 43. Quingentis drachmis, about £20, reckoning the di-achma at 9fd. The price 
 
 of a page (puer,) in Epist. II. II. 5, is three times the sum. 
 
190 NOTES ON TllE SATTRES : BOOK II. SAT. vir. 
 
 45. Crispini janitor. As Horace is supposed (in 8at. I. I. 120) to draw hia 
 
 philosophy from Crispinus, so his slave frorn the janitor. Something like this 
 is in AHstoph. Acharn. 402, — 
 
 S> Tpiauaicdpi EupnriSri 
 
 60* 6 oov\os ovrcoal aocpws viroicplveTai 
 
 59. There is a reference here to the contract (' turpissimi auctoramenti,' Sen. Ep. 
 xxxvn.) by which freemen, on taking service as gladiators, bound themselves 
 ' uri, vinciri, verberari, ferroque necari.' 
 
 76. Pers. V. 124, (add v. 175),— 
 
 ' Liber ego. Unde datum hoc sumis, tot subdite rebus ? 
 
 ' An dominum ignoras, nisi quem vindicta relaxat ?' 
 Vindicta (properly res vindicata, then used, as here, for the old word festuco=) , 
 " the rod of the prsetor," which he laid on the slave's head in the ceremony of 
 manumission. 
 
 78. Super dictis, irpbs to7s elpriuevois. Cp. ' super hoc,' Epist. II. II. 24. 
 
 79. Mos vester, " the maxim of you masters." 
 
 81. Alii. Compare Carm. III. xxix. 52 ; Sai. II. II. 135, — 'Nunc mihi, nunc alii.' 
 
 See Lachmann on Lucr. iv. 637. 
 
 82. Nervis aUenis mohile, " a puppet ;" vebpSo-Trao-Tov. Comp. Lucian, Menipp. 4, — 
 
 aT6%i/ws ovv i-Ttaayov toIs vvara^ovai tovtois '6jxoiov apTi jxev ijrivevwv, &pri 8e 
 avavevwv %ixira\iv. He uses the simile however for the distractions, not of 
 passion, as here, but of false and incongruous philosophies. [0.] quotes 
 Plato, Legg. I. 644, L. 
 
 83. Cp. Eur. Frag. Inc. 170, — 
 
 fir)8' &v ti avfMBfj Sucxepe? SouAou 7raAtj/ 
 dA\' auTbs del /jLlfxve t)\v aavrov (pvcriv 
 crcvfav fiefiaioos. 
 
 86. Compare Cic. Paradox. II, — ' Qui est totus aptus ex sese, quique in se uno sua 
 ' ponit omnia.' Plato, Menex. 20, — els kavTuv avr)pTr)Tai irdvTa. (So Lucian, in 
 Timone, 32 and 35.) 
 
 io. Teres atque rotundus, "regular and round." A perfect character is here (by 
 implication) compared to a sphere, faultless in form, and from which all 
 attacks glance off powerless. 
 
 For an accurate account of the proper and applied meanings of teres 
 (" cylindrical ") and rotundus (" circular "), see Donaldson, Lat. Gmm. App. 
 iv. 91 ; and Munro on Lucr. I. 36. 
 
 90. Comp. Cic. Paradox. Y. 2 ; and so for v. 95. 
 
 91. Gelida, sc. aqua, as in Juv. v. 63. Tn Sat. I. I. 54, liquidi is used substantively. 
 
 94. Negantem, i. e. " in spite of yourself." Comp. Eur. Hippol. 237, — Scttis cre 6ec2v 
 
 avacreipdCet. 
 
 95. Pausias, of Sicyon, fl. 350 b. c. ; famous for encaustic painting. 
 
 97. Contento poplite. Compare Virg. JEn. x. 587, — 
 ' Projecto dum pede leevo 
 *' Aptat se pugna3.' 
 (Some interpret of the spectators, not the combatants, "in the attitude of 
 admiration." ) 
 
 99. Be vera. a>ut\evv &crTe ^ccol Bporol r/5e ^uaxo^To. Hom. II. o". 539. 
 
 102. rj\eyx ov i ovrco ydp KaKuv oov\ov tevos' 
 
 ^ao-Trip dnavTa, Tov-nicroj cV oboev cTKOirei. Ev.rip. Alex. Fr. 10. 
 
 105. Qui ta, etc. A phrase borrowed by Persius, v. 130. 
 
NOTES ON THE SATIBES : BOOK II. SAT. yit, tiii. 191 
 
 107. Nempe=" the fact is, you are not impiinitior, for," &c. With the sentiment, 
 compare Juv. I. 142, — 
 
 ' Poena tamen praesens, cum tu deponis amictns 
 ' Turgidus et crudum pavonem in balnea portas. 
 1 Hinc subitae mortes,' etc. 
 And so AthencBUs, p. 429, quoting Alexis (*pv| 1, Meineke), — 
 et rov /j.edvar)ce<r9ai irporzpov rb KpanraKav 
 irapeyijved' 7j/j.?v, ovS' av els olvov -rrore 
 Trpocriero itXeiov rov /xerpiov. 
 
 110. Prcedia vendit. Compare ' comedunt patrimonia,' Juv. I. 138. 
 
 111. Servile gulce parens. yvdQov tc SovXos vnSvos 0' T]crcrr}iJ.4vos, Eurip. Autol. Fr. 
 I. 5. Comp. av8paTrodci>8iis, Xen. Mem. I. i. 16. 
 
 113. Bonere. Used here of time, as elsewhere of money, "to lay out ; to turn to 
 good account." So in Bliny, Ep. IV. 23, — ' Disponere otium.' 
 
 117. Versus facit. Satirically made a synonym for insanit. Comp. Ars Boet. 296. 
 Dryden's lines are famous, — 
 
 ' Great wits are sure to madness near allied, 
 ' And thin partitions do their bounds divide.' 
 
 Absalom and Ahitlwjphel. 
 
 118. Opera=operarius. Compare the threat, els fxvK&va, Ev.r. Cycl. 240. 
 
 SATIEE VIII. 
 
 This is the account of a supper given by Nasidienus Rufus, a vain, rich 
 gourmand. The narration is in the mouth of the comic poet Fundanius, -vvho 
 was among the guests. The entertainment appears to have been conspicuous 
 for vulgar display ; and the hosfs affected, and perhaps blundering, gastro- 
 nomy is ridiculed throughout. Much of the description may be compared 
 with the rules of the Fourth Satire. 
 
 2. Here. Quintilian attests this form, as having supplanted the older lieri ; which 
 however was the form retained 'in epistolis Augusti, quas sua manu scripsit ?' 
 I. vii. 22. 
 
 3. De medio . . .die. Cp. Epist. I. xiv. 34: i. e. ' solito maturius,' asin Juv. xi. 8S. 
 The usual hour of the cena was three. So Ep. I. vn. 71. So, ' ab octavabibit,' 
 Juv. I. 49, is an instance of excess. See also Carm. I. i. 20. 
 
 4. Fuerit melius. Sat. II. II. 120, — ' bene erat,' "I never enjoyed myself more." 
 
 So below, v. 19. 
 
 5. Compare the expression of "exti-eme hunger " in Viry. JEn. II. 356, — ' Improba 
 ' ventris Exegit csecos rabies.' 
 
 7. Cence pater. See Merivale's History of Rome, vol. IV. ch. XLi.p. 554 : he remarks 
 on this as the Roman term, in contrast to the Greek one of Symposiarch, or 
 (as Carm. I. ix.) Thaliarchus. 
 
 11. Alter sublegit. The slave, whose cffice this was, is called analecta by Mortiol, 
 VII. xx. 17. 
 
 14. Hydaspes, i. e. an Indian page. Comp. Carm. I. XXIX. 7. 
 
 15. Maris expers. This is explained to mean either "a home-made wine," to 
 
 imitate the Chian; or " without sea-water," an ingredient of frequent use in 
 flavouring wines. But neither of these meanings gives, as the general con- 
 text requires, an idea of wealth or vulgar display. The first explanation also 
 seems overthrown by v. 48, where " Chian " is directly opposed to " home- 
 made wine." Persius, uses the phrase (Sat. vi. 39), and indicates the meaniog. 
 
192 NOTES ON THE 8ATIRES : BOOK II, 8AT. viii. 
 
 ITo uses maris c.rpers as="wanting in vigonr, nnmanly, weak." 11«' is 
 speaking ol' newly adopted notiona imported by ' Doctorea Graios. . .Sapere. . . 
 nostruni hoo marifl expers.' "Thia new and emasculate philosophy of ours." 
 Maris with him is clearly the genitive of wwxs, not mare. And so, in Horace, 
 the Chian wine ia " wanting in body," having iost all atrength and flavour by 
 age, — costly, but wortbless. 
 
 20. Summus ego, etc. The account of this arrangement is fully given in the Dict. 
 of Antiqq. art. ' Triclinium.'' 
 
 ib. Viscus Thurinus, i. e. "of Thvtrii." This epithet distinguishes him from the 
 two brothers, Horace's friends, mentioned Sot. I. x. 83. [0.] 
 
 21. Servilio. This must be scanned as a trisyllable ; as Alfenius, Sat. I. iii. 130. 
 ib. Balatrone. This may have been a nick-name. Cp. balatrones, in Sat. I. II. 2. 
 
 22. Umbras, " uninvited guests." 23. I]psum,i.e. "thehost." 
 
 24. Obsorbere. This is a stronger compound than absorbere or exsorbere (which 
 here, and in S. II. ni. 240, are various readings for it,) and eignifies " ea^rerly 
 " swallowing, gulping down." Cp. obduco, as in Cic. Tusc. Qu. I. xl. 96, — ' Cum 
 ' venenum ut sitiens obduxisset.' 
 
 ib. Read semel=uno haustu. See Bentleifs note. 
 
 25. Ad hoc qui=propter hoc ut. 
 
 26. Nam cetera, " for we all, excepting him, found the dishes, various as they 
 
 " were, disguised completely by their flavouring." (Compare Peveril qf the 
 Pea k, ch. XXYII, — ' Xever saw so unnurtured a cub ; knew no more what he 
 *eat than an infidel !') The principal word is not cenamus, but celo.ntia, as in 
 Sat. I. iv. 79 ; and so v. 19. 
 
 29. Passeris, " flounder." Bentley reads passeris assi et. [0.] calls the reading 
 ' petulans nesciocujus interpolatio ducta ex Sat. II. iv. 38.' 
 
 30. Ingustata mihi, " which I never tasted before." 
 
 31. Melimela, " honey apples." ' Dicuntur a sapore melleo,' Plin. XV. 14. 
 
 34. Moriemur inulti. Compare Virg, Mn. II. 670. 
 
 35. CaMces . . .majores. Was Vibidius privileged, by the invitation of Maecenas, to 
 do this in despite of the master of the house ? or was it to make fun of him ? 
 Comp. Sat. I. IV. 87. It was the custom after the cena (properly so called) to 
 call for majora pocula (comp. Cic. Verr. II. i. 26.) So Virg. 2En. I. 723, — 
 
 ' Postquam prima quies epulis mensasque remotse 
 ' Crateras magnos statuunt.' 
 Comp. Eur. Ion, 1178, — a(papira^iv XP*® V 
 
 olvrjpa icvxv a/XLKpa. /j.eya\a 5 1 el<r<p4peiv. 
 
 39. Allifanis, from Allifoi in Samnium, ' ubi fictiles et latiores calices fiebant.' Schol. 
 
 46. Garum, a pickle made from the fish garus originally, also from the scomber (or 
 mackerel.) The scombri were caught in greatest abundance off the shore of 
 Carthago Nova, or Sjpartaria, and the island opposite ; hence called Scombraria. 
 See Pliny, N. H. xxxi. 43. And compare Martial, XIII. cn : 
 Garum sociorum. 
 ' Exspirantis adhuc scombri de sanguine primo 
 ' Accipe fastosum, munera cara, garum.' 
 The Greek is ydpos, — ical rhv IxQvwv ydpov. JEsch. Fr. 195, 
 50. Quod Methymnceam... i. e. Lesbian vinegar. 
 
 52. Incoquere, " to dress in (or, with) this sauce." Cp. Virg. Geo. IV. 279 ; and 
 
 Pers. II. 74, for a metaphorical application, — ' Incoctum generoso pectus 
 ' honesto.' 
 
 53. Melius muria quod, i. e. " as the taste which the shell-fish naturally gives out 
 
 is better than prepared pickle." (Quam is the reading of some MSS. and is 
 interpreted " as better than the pickle prepared from shell-fish.") 
 
N0TE8 ON THE SATIBES : BOOK II. SAT. vin. 193 
 
 54. Buinas...fecere. A phrase from Lucretius, i. 740, 
 
 65. .H<£C es£ condicio=Ta dvrjTa Toiavr, ovdev ev TavTcd fxevei, Eur. Ion, 969. 
 
 66. Comp. Ov. JPast. iv. 641, — ' Fructu non respondente labori. 5 
 
 67. Tene, etc. Comp. Ter. Phorm. II. n. 25, — 
 
 ' Ten asymbolum venire, unctum atque lautum e balneis, 
 ' Otiosum ab animo ; cum ille et cura et sumptu absumitur, 
 ' Dum tibi sit quod placeat ; ille ringitur, tu rideas. 
 
 75. Tibi I)i, etc. Compare in Greek, — o~o\ Se deol r6aa dolev '6<ra <ppe<r\ <rfjo~i fxevoivas. 
 Hom. Odijss. C 180 ; and Eurvp. Med. 688. 
 
 77. Soleas poscit. While reclining on the triclinium, the slippers were put off ; to 
 call for them, therefore, was preparatory to rising and leaving the table. 
 [0.] cites Blaut. Trucul. II. IV. 12-16. Compare also Aristoph. Vesp. 103, — 
 KeKpayev ifj.$dSas. 
 
 78. Stridere. This form is in frequent use, as well as stridere, e. g. Virg. Geo. IV. 
 556. 
 
 83. Secundo, " keeping up the joke ; seconding him." 
 
 84. Arte fortunam. ' Quod cecidit forte id arte ut corrigas.' Terent. Ad. IY. 
 
 vii. 23. 
 
 86. Mazonomo, a large dish, from which properly (fj.a(a ve/xeratj bread or cake was 
 handed round. 
 
 88. Ficis pastum, " the liver of a goose fatted up on figs." Gr. o-vkcot6s, ficatus. 
 'Anseris ante ipsum (sc. dominum) magni jecur.' Juv. V. 114. Compare 
 Martial, XIII. lviii, — ' Magno jecur ansere majus.' 
 
 2 h 
 
Q. HOEATI FLACCI EPISTOLAEUM. 
 LIBEE PEIMUS. 
 
 EPISTLE I.— AD M^ECENATEM. 
 
 Tbe tlrst Epistle is addressed to Msecenas, in,excuse of the writer's abandon- 
 ment of poetry for pbilosopby. In justification of this bias, practical re- 
 flections are subjoined, and an exhibition of the follies and the inconsistencies 
 of men (as in the first and third Satires of the First Book.) 
 
 1. Prima dicte...summa dicende Camena. This has been understood as referring 
 
 to the opening Odes and Satires, but is merely a complimentary form of 
 address. Comp. Hom. II. i. 96 (and the passages quoted there by com- 
 mentators), — iv crol fx\v Xrj^o) crio 8' tip^ofxai. Virg. Ecl. VIII. 11, — 'A te 
 principium tibi desinet.' It is adopted with a more serious meaning by 
 Milton, P. L. v. 165, — ' Him first, Him last, Him midst, and without end.' 
 
 2. Spectatum. 'Yerbum proprium de gladiatoribus, ssepe victoribus nota ' SP ' 
 
 ' expressum in tesseris (i.e. " prize-medals ") ' quse talibus honoris causa 
 ' dabantur.' Orelli. 
 
 ib. Rude. Rudis was the foil or wooden sword of the gladiator, with which, on 
 dismissal from service, he was presented. (Hence, in Sueton. Tib. 7, the 
 word rudiarii=emeriti.) Cp. Cic. P7wZ.IE.xxix. 74, — ' Tam bonus gladiator 
 rudem tam cito accepisti ? ' And Ov. Am. II. ix. 22, — ' Deposito poscitur ense 
 rudis.' On the figurative meaning of rudimentum, propei-ly " foil practice," 
 and elementum, " training and food," terms derived into common language 
 from the usage of the ludus, see Donaldson, in Varronianus, p. 169. 
 
 2 — 8. Rude...armis...equum. These metaphors are similarly combined in Ov. 
 Trist. IY. VIII. 19—24 : 
 
 ' Ne cadat et multas palmas inhonestet adeptas 
 
 ' Languidus in pratis gramiua carpit equus. 
 ' Miles, ut emeritis non est satis utilis annis, 
 ' Ponit ad antiquos, quge tulit arma, Lares. 
 ' Sic igitur tarda vires minuente senecta 
 ' Me quoque donari jam rude tempus erat.' 
 5. Herculis, etc. Cp. the Gr. Epigr. (cited by Obbar), — 
 
 8e£cu fx, 'HpdicXeis, ' Apx^Tparov hpbv oirXov 
 6<ppa ttotI crreiTTav ivao~Ta$a /ce/cAt/ieVa 
 •yypakea TeXedoifxi. 
 ib. AbdAtus agro. So Tibull. II. in. 39, — ' Tristibus agris abdere.' Cp. Virg. Geor. 
 III. 96, — ' abde domo,' (apparently for clomi, or domv.m, with a curious nicety 
 of distinclion.) 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. i. 195 
 
 7. Purgatam. Pers. V. 63, 86, and 96,— 
 
 ' Purgatas inseris aures 
 ' Frnge Cleanthea ?' ... And, 
 ' Stoicus hic aurem mordaci lotus aceto.' 
 (The first instance signifies "a listening, attentive ear ; " the second, "a 
 discriminating, critical one.") 
 
 8. Cp. Ennius, as quoted Cic. de Senect. 5, — 
 
 ' Sicut fortis equus spatio qui saspe supremo 
 ' Yicit Olympia, nunc senio confectu' quieseit.' 
 
 10. Nunc itaque. So Cicero, speaking of philosophy, — ' Huic aatati hoc maxhne 
 aptum est.' Ac. Q. I. II. 
 
 12. Condo et i. e. "I am collecting and storing principles for eventual use." 
 
 13. Qiio lare tuter, "under what roof I shelter myself;" i.e. to what sect of 
 philosophy I belong. Orelli compares Carm. I. xxix. 14, — ' Socraticam 
 domum; } and Cic. Divin. II. I. 3, — ' Peripateticorum famil ia.' 
 
 14. Addictus. See the Dict. of Antiqq. art. 'Nexum :' Liv. III. 56, — c In servitutem 
 addixisset.' Compare Cic. Tusc. Q. II. II. 5, — ' Certis quibusdam destinatisque 
 'sententiis quasi addicti...ut etiam quae non probare soleant, ea cogantur con- 
 ' stantiae causa defendere.' And so Quintil. Inst. III. i. 22, — ' Keque enimme 
 ' cujusquam sectse velut quadam superstitione imbutus addixi.' The general 
 sentiment and the simile in the next line (v. 16) may be taken from Cicero, 
 Acad. II. iii. 8. See Walck. vol. II. <p. 306. 
 
 16 — 19. The sense is, "Now, as a Stoic, I plunge into the turmoil of public lifc. 
 " Now, as an Epicurean, I glide back into indifference, and make myself inde- 
 "pendent of the world without." Cp. Carm. I. xxxiv. l^ — 5. 
 
 Aa0e Bicoaas was the maxim of Epicurus. Cp. Earip. Antiojpa, Fr. 35, — 
 ftans 5e irpdaaei iroWa. fj/t) irpdaaeiis itapSu, 
 /xwpos Trapbv ^v rjSeoos airpdyfAOva. 
 
 18. Aristix>pi...pro3ce2rta. With regard to the aversion to political exertion, cp. 
 Xen. Mem. II. I. 8, 9 ; and Cicero's jests upon Trebatius, as a reported 
 Epicurean, ad Fam. vn. 12 ; and comp. Acad. Qu. n. 42 (131), and 45 (139), — 
 ' Labor (as here relabor) eo ut assentiar Epicuro aut Aristippo; revocat virtus.' 
 
 19. Mihi res. Cp. (for a verbal resemblance) Herod. VII. 49, — at avfxcpopal tcov 
 
 avQp&irwv i.p\ovai, koX ovk\ &v6pwiroi twv avfupopewv. 
 
 23. Ingrata, " irksome." Cicero complains (ad Fam. IV. 13), — ' Mihi ipse displiceo. 
 ' JSTatus enim ad agendum semper aliquid dignum viro, nunc nun modo agcndi 
 ' rationem nullam habeo, sed ne cogitandi quidem.' 
 
 28. Lynceus. BKeweiv 6£vTepov tov Au-y/c/cos (Arist. Plxd. 210J was a proverb. 
 
 30. Glyconis, an athlete of the day. 
 
 34. Eur. Hippol. 478,— 
 
 elalv 8' eircvdal Ka\ \6yoi QeKKTTjpioi, 
 
 4>avnaeTai ti TTjcrSe (pdpuaKov voaov. 
 These prescriptions are couched in metaphors drawn from medicine, and 
 magical or religious means of cure. The supposed efficacy of charms (iiraoidal, 
 cantus) is related in Hom. Od. t. 456 ; Yirg. 2En. VII. 757. So in Pind. Pyth. 
 III. 51, (where see Cookesley's note.J [0.] quotes from Seneca de Ira, m. 
 9, — ' Pythagoras perturbationes animi lyra componebat.' So Lucian fCliaron, 
 V. 1), irap 'OfiTjpov . . . 4ira>S7]v. 
 
 35. Morbi. Cp. Cic. Tusc. III. iv. 7. 
 
 37. Ter, a sacred number in religious rites. Cp. Sat. II. I. 7 ; C. III. xxii. 3. 
 ib. Pvse. Cp. Tibull. II. I, 13, — ' Pura cum veste venite,..' 
 
 2b2 
 
196 NOTES ON THE EPI8TLES : V.OOK I. EPIST. i. 
 
 39. 1' Those words all correspond to one metaphor. as 
 
 i g. Qeor. n. 36, — ' Frnctnsque ferofl mollite oolendo.' Cp. ' mitiget acrum.' 
 
 rf. II. ii. 186. 
 
 40- OuWur • ■•. II. v. 13, — ' Cultnra anirai philosophia est.' 
 
 ib. Commodet av.rcn, " Lcnd me your ears." Shakes. J. Ccu. Act III. Sc. n. 
 
 46. 2 Op. J«d. xiv. 275,— 
 
 ' Aspice portns 
 ' Et plenum magnis trabibus mare ; plus hominnm est jam 
 ' In pelago, veniet classis quocmnque vocarit 
 ' Spes lucri.' 
 
 49. The sense is, " What village boxer would not wish to gain the Olvmpic crown, 
 "if he conld, moreover, gain it without hardship ? " i. e. Why donot men seek 
 the prize of virtue, and relieve themselves from this ceaseless and ignoble 
 strife ? 
 
 51. Sine pulvere. Cp. Plin. N. H. XXXY. XI. 139, — ' Dexippum qui pancratio 
 Olyrnpia citra pulveris tactum (al. jactum), quod vocant 6lkovit\, vicit.' And 
 Xi ,>. Ayes. vi. 3. — iv tojs <r)d>crt 5e ov5hv t)ttgv tovs clkovitI, i) tovs 8ta fidxys 
 
 VIKCOVTOLS O"T€0afoOo"i. 
 
 55. Prodocet. 'Xunc est aira£ \ey6n$vov= alta voce et palam docet. Grcece, 
 TrpodiSdo-Keiv.' [O.J 
 
 56. i.e. Like school-children. See margin. Comp. Juv. xiv. 207-9. 
 
 57. Lingv.a, "readiness of language, a good address." Compare Epist. I. it. 9, — • 
 
 ' Sapere et fari qua? sentiat.' 
 
 58. Jv.v. III. 154 — 9 : ' Exeat, inquit, 
 
 ' Si pudor est et de pulvino snrgat equestri 
 
 1 Cujus res legi non sufficit 
 
 ' Sic libituni vano, qui nos distinxit, Othoni.' 
 
 59. Lv/lentes, Rex eris. Plato, Thecet. p. 146, a. — wairc-p <paa\ oi -rraTdes oi a<patp(£ovTes 
 
 ...os-av Trepiy^vTjTai dva/j.dpT7]Tos &aai\evaei 7]/j.(2v. Compare the story of Cyrus 
 in Hdt. I. cxiv. 
 
 60. Mv/rus a.eneus. Cp. Pind. Frag. 153 ; JEschines in Ctesiph. 84. 
 
 62. Sodes=si audes ; (so stated by Cicero, Orat. xlv. 154) See the meanings of 
 
 audeo illustrated and traced in Wagner's note on the Avlvlaria, 46. 
 
 63. Nenia, i. e. the old song or saying. So cantilena. as in Ter. Phorm. Act III. 
 
 Sc. II. 10. (The phrase answers perhaps, thongh not stiictly, to iraioav 
 kAtjSovi, in CaUim. Fpigr. i. 14.) 
 
 64. Cv.riis. Comp. the story of Curius in Cic. de Sen. 16. 
 
 ib. Decantata. Cic. d.e Fin. rv. 4, — ' Quasi dictata decantare.' 
 
 67. The Scholiast quotes the following distich, as composed by Pupius, — 
 ' Flebunt amici et bene noti raortem meam, 
 ' Xam populus in me vivo lacrimatnst satis.' 
 
 73. Taken from Lucilius, — 
 
 ' Quid sibi volt ! qnare fit nt introversns et ad te 
 ' Spectent atque ferant vestigia se omnia prorsus ?' 
 Cp. Pla.to, Alcib. Prvm. XXXIX. p. 123, — /coto tov Aiaunrov /j.vdov, k. t. \. 
 
 76. MuUorum . ..capitvm. Cp. Plato, Eep. ix.p. 588, — Q-npiov ttoikiXov koi iro\vKe<pd\ov. 
 . Introd. to King Henry IV. Part II, — ' The blunt monster with 
 ' nnconnted heads.' And Sir W. Scott, Lady qfthe Lake, ca.nto T. 30, — 
 ' Thou many-headed monster-thing, 
 ' O who would wish to be thy king ?' 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. i, n. 197 
 
 77. Conducere publica, " to contract for and undertake pnblic offices ; to farm the 
 " pnblic revennes." In the same sense Cicero fParadox. 6) nses c pnblicis 
 ' sumendis.' Cp. Juven. iii. 31, (speaking of private and pnblic contracts), — 
 
 ' Quis facile est aedem conducere, fluinina, portns, 
 ' Siccandam elnviem, portandum ad bnsta cadaver.' 
 
 78. Crustis et pomis. Theocr. XI. 10, — rjparo 8' ovti poSois, ov fj.a\ois, ou5e kikivvois. 
 
 79. Vivaria. Cp. the parallel metaphor cetaria, in Sat. II. v. 44. 
 
 84. Lacus, i. e. the Lucrine lake, close to Baiae. Compare Val. Max. I. i, — ' C. 
 ' Sergius Orata, ne gulam Xeptuni arbitrio snbjectam haberet, peculiaria sibi 
 ' maria excogitavit, sestuariis intercipiendo fiuctus.... iEdificiis etiam spatiosis 
 ' et excelsis deserta ad id tempus ora Lucrini lacus pressit.' 
 
 86. Fecerib (mspidwm, i. e. " if his idle fancy prompts." Cp. Virg. 2En. rv. 341, — 
 ' 3Ieis auspiciis,' vrhere Wiinderlich observes on the rarity of the phrase, ' ubi 
 ' de rebus privatis agitur.' Gesner and Orelli here comp. 2En. IX. 185, — ' An 
 ' sua cuique dens fit dira cupido ?' Yet see Car. II. xv. 12. 
 
 ib. Teanum. A toTvn of the Siclicini in Campania. The sense is, — "Tou will have 
 " to go and build inland for him to-morrow, instead of a marine villa." Acron 
 understands this as if the workmen were simply to go home, — ' Teanum, 
 ' abundans optimis fabris.' 
 
 91. Cenacula, " his garrets." 
 
 ' ...Qnem tegula sola tuetur 
 1 A pluvia, molles ubi reddnnt ova columba?.' Juv. III. 201. 
 
 97. Pwjnat sententia % So Ov. Met. XV. 27, — ' Pugnatque diu sententia secum.' 
 
 102. So Jvx. xiv. 288,— 
 
 ' Curatoris eget qui navem mercibus implet 
 ' Ad snmmum latns.' 
 
 101. i. e. " Thongh you watch me so narrowly, and show so much concern for me." 
 
 EPISTLE II.— AD LOLLIUIT. 
 
 In this Epistle an allegorical explanation of the Homeric poems is given, 
 followed (at r. 32) by a series of moral principles, clearly and keenly laid 
 down for the due regulation of life. 
 
 1. Maxime, i. e. maxime natu. The eldest son of the M. Lollins of Carm. IY. ix. 
 
 4. (Jfvrysvppo et Crantore, i. e. " than any philosopher, whether Stoic or Academic." 
 
 9. Hom.Tl.7i. 347. 
 
 10. Ut salvus, etc. i. e. " Paris defies any one to compel him to choose power 
 " and safety." Others take it thus, — "Even thongh he should gain power 
 " and safety by it, he denies that he can be forced to this alternative." [B.] 
 reads quod, as the accusative after cogi. 
 
 14. Cp. Hesiod, e/37. Kal t)ix. 260, — ocpp' anoTicrri 
 
 Sr)fj.os a.Taa6a\ias fiaaiXiwv... 
 
 ib. Delirant. From the old word lira, "a furrow;" an agricultural metaphor 
 properly. Yarronianns compares Hesiod, epy. Kal rjfi. 443, — 
 
 os k epyov fxeAeTuv iBilav avKaK' iXavvoi. 
 
 fxrjKiTi TraTTTaivcov fj.ed y dfxr)\iKas aAA' inl epyco 
 
 Bvfibv ix wv ' 
 19. Honx. Odyss. a. 1, — avSpa ijloi fvvtne. Movaa : iroKvTpoirov, sqn. 
 
198 NOTES ON THE EPIBTLES : B00KILEPI8T.il. 
 
 22. Immersabilis. aPdirTtaTos (peWbs ws, Pvnd. Pyth. n. 80. 
 
 23. Sirenum. Hom. Odyss. fx. 39, 166, aqq. Comp. Ov. Art. Arn. Iii. 311. 
 
 ib. OirccB. Hom. Odyss. k. 135, 230, sqq. Comp. Vvrg. Ecl. viii. 70. ALso WUorCs 
 < 'omus, w. 70 — 77. 
 
 24. Comp. Xen. Mem. I. III. 7, — oUadai 5' e(pr) eTrtaKcanTuv koX tt)v KtpKTjv vs ■noiziv 
 toiovtois TroWois oenrvifrvaav. So Spenser, F. Qu. II. xn. 85, — 
 
 ' These seeming beasts are men in deed, 
 1 Whom this enchantress hath trausformed thus : 
 ' Whylome her lovers, which her lustes did feed, 
 ' Now turned into figures hideous : 
 ' According to their mindes, like monstruous ! 
 ' Sad end (quoth he) of life intemperate.' 
 
 25. Sub dom. mer....turpis. Cp. Carm. III. V. 5, — ' Turpis conjuge barbara.' 
 ib. Turpis et excors. Does this express KaKbv Ka\ avrivopa, Hom. I. c. 301 ? 
 
 26. Amica luto sus. Compare the metaphor, els epcoTas iKKvKiaOivTas ( <; wallowing 
 
 in pleasure,") Xen. Mem. I. II. 22. 
 
 27. Nwmerus=- l( cyphers." ovk apiQiJ.bv aAA.' iT^Tv/xus 
 
 avSp' ovTa. Eur. Heracl. 997 ; Troad. 476. 
 
 ib. Fruges consumere nati. o l l apovp-r\s Kapirbv Zoovaiv. Hom. II. £. 142. 
 
 30. Odyss. 6. 248, Alcinous says, — aiel S' i][uv oais re (pi\i), Kl&apis tc, x°P°' l Te - 
 
 34. Si noles, 8fc. Cp. Fers. m. 64, — ' Venienti occun-ite morbo ;' and our saying, — 
 ' Prevention is better than cure.' 
 
 37. Nam. See Hildyard's note on Plautus, Men. 150. 
 
 39. Est animum. Comp. Qv[xo$6pos, as in JEsch. Ag. 103. 
 
 40. Dimidium. This is a Greek proverb, — apxh oe TOirifiiav iravTos. Comp. So^li. 
 
 Fragm. 715. 
 
 ib. Aude. A word expressive of moral courage. Compare fortis, Ep. I. VI. 30 ; 
 XIV. 4 : audes, E. II. n. 148. 
 
 42. The probable reading of Juvenal, XIV. 25, ' rusticus expectas,' must be an 
 imitation of this. 
 
 43. Cp. the epithet in Apoll. Bhod. y. 1009, — aKa/xdToio iroTaixolo. Cp. Words- 
 
 ivortli, The Fountain, — 
 
 ' No check, no stay this streamlet fears ; 
 
 ' How merrily it goes ! 
 ' 'Twill murmur on a thousand years, 
 ' And flow as now it flows.' 
 So Tennyson's Broolc, — ' But I go on for ever.' 
 
 44. Compare Juv. X. 352, — 
 
 ' Conjugium petimus partumque uxoris ; at illis 
 ' Notum, qui pueri qualisque futura sit uxor.' 
 
 47. Compare Lucret. n. 34, — 
 
 'Nec calidas citius decedunt corpore febres, 
 ' Textilibus si in picturis ostroque rubenti 
 ' Jacteris, quam si in plebeia veste cubandum est.' 
 And Juv. xiv. 156, — 
 
 ' Scilicet et morbis et debilitate carebis 
 ' Et luctum et curam eflugies,' etc. 
 
 49. Valeat. Comp. valido, Carm. I. xxxi. 17. Comp. the Ode of Ariplum, — 'YyUia 
 vpeafiiaTa fxaKapwv. 
 
 54. Compare Lucret. vi. 17. The meaning comes near to that of the proverb. — 
 ' Where the bee sucks honey, the spider sucks poison.' 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLEB : BOOK I. EPIST. n, ni. 199 
 
 56. Compare ^sch. Ag. 1331,— 
 
 rb /xev ev icpdaaeiv aK^pearov ecpv 
 ■Ko.cn fiporolaiv. 
 S_penser, F. Qu. I. iv. 29,— 
 
 ' Whose wealth was want, wliose plenty made him poore ; 
 ' Who had enough, yet wished ever more.' 
 
 60. Infectum volet. Compare Xen. Mem. II. VI. 23, — rr]v opyrjv KwXveiv els rb uera~ 
 
 ue\r)cr6uevov irpoievou. Hom. II. IX. 249, — avrcp roi uerornaQ* &xos eaaerai. So 
 Eur. Ino, Fragm. 18. 
 
 61. Pcenas odio festinat, " while he is eager for satisfaction to his enmity." Odio, 
 dat. case. 
 
 64. Tenera...cervice. Compare Virgil's ' mollia colla/ 2En. XI. 622 ; and Geor. in. 
 204 : and e contr. Ov. Trist. I. iv. 13, — 
 
 ,..' Non proficientia rector (" the rider ") 
 ' Cervicis rigida^ frena remittit equo.' 
 
 Comp. Cic. d,e Off. I. XXVI. 5, — 'Uteqnos ferocitate exultantes domitoribus 
 
 'tradere soleant, sic homines secundis rebus effrenatos sibique prsefidentes, 
 'tanquam in gyrum rationis ac doctrirjse duci oportere.' 
 
 ib. Magister, "the trainer." 
 
 67. Nunc adbibe...puer. Comp. Cic. de Fin. nr. 9, — c Jam infici debet iis artibus 
 ' quas si dum est tener combiberit ad majora veniet paratior.' See Virgil, 
 Geo. II. 272, — ' Adeo in teneris consuescere multum est ;' and m. 164. 
 
 70. Quod si, etc. It is altogether in the style of Horace, to soften the didactic 
 character wherever he assumes it. to preclude giving offence in giving advice ; 
 and this seems the key to the sense here, — " I keep my own course ; you can 
 " hold back from it, or push on more keenly ; I do not pretend to rule or race 
 " with you." Commentators cite Soph. Aj. 1038. 
 
 EPISTLE IIL— AD JULIUM ELORUM. 
 
 A letter to Julius Florus, to inquire after old friends associated with him in 
 attendance upon Tiberius, who then had a command in the East ; written 
 also to encourage bim in literary and intellectual studies ; but mainly, perhaps, 
 to draw him to a complete reconciliation with a common friend, Muuatius. 
 
 1. Of Julius Florv.s nothing is certainly known. Walckenaer conjectures that he 
 may have been a younger son of Aquilius Fiorus, slain with hiseldest son in tlie 
 proscription. Torrentius infers from the praenomen that he was a provincial, 
 enfranchised, and adopted into the Julia gens. A Julius Florus is mentioned 
 by Quintilian, as distinguished for his eloquence ; and by Tacitus, as fomenting 
 a rebellion among the Treviri, a. d. 21 : Tac. Ann. III. xl. 
 
 2. Claudius, Tiberius Claudius Nero, afterwards the Emperor Tiberius. He was 
 sent, B. c. 20, to the East, to place Tigranes on the throne of Arrnenia. 
 
 3. Thraca, a form used also by Virg. 2En. XII. 335. 
 
 4. Turres, ' Seston et Abydon,' Schol. The mention of these countries is adapted 
 in its order to the route of Tiberius. 
 
 9. In ora. As Virg. G. m. 9, — ' per ora ;' and Theognis, 240, — tcoXX&v Keifievos ev 
 ar6fiaai. 
 
 10. Pindarici, etc. i. e. an imitator of Pindar. Comp. Carm. IY. n. 
 
 11. This is perhaps an imitation of Callimachus, Epigr. xxix. 4. 
 
200 NOTES ON THE EPI8TLES : BOOR L EPIST. m, iv. 
 
 14. Ampullatur. Cp, awpuZZas, Ars P. 07; and see /"./,-. This fcerm is also said to 
 
 be borrowed from CalUmaclws, Fragm* 319, — \yKv9eios Movo-a. 
 
 15. Qirid milii Celsus agit? " How is my friend Celsus?" The Eighth Epistle is 
 addressed to him. 
 
 tb. Monitus. Orelli argues that this advice is given, not against plagiarism, but 
 imitation and translations from Greek poets. 
 
 17. Palatinus...Apollo. The temple on the Palatine, with its public library. In 
 dedication is the occasion of Carm I. xxxi. Cp. Ov. Trist. III. i. 60-64 (Thc 
 first library of the kind had been founded by As. Pollio, in the Atirvum 
 
 Libertatis, on Mount Aventine. See Ovid, l. c. 71.) 
 
 24. Respondere, with jura as a cognate accusative, — " to decide law-points," as 
 chamber-counsel. 
 
 ib. Amabile carmen. Theocr, i. 61, — icpl/xeftov vfxvov. 
 
 26. Frigida curarum fomenta, i. e. " anxieties which, like cold applications, numb 
 " the energies." 
 
 32. Coit. Used properly of a wound closing up and healing. 
 
 ...' Si possint nostra coire 
 ' Vulnera, prseceptis posse coire tuis.' Ov. ex Pont. I. iii. 87. 
 ' Neve retractando nondum coeuntia rurapam 
 c Yulnera.' Ib. Trist. IV. iv. 41. 
 
 33. Calidus sanguis indomita cervice. 
 
 ' Youthful and unhandled colts, 
 
 ' Fetching mad bounds, bellowing and neighing loud, 
 
 * Which is the hot condition of their blood.' 
 
 Shakesp. Merch. of Venice, Act Y. Sc. i. 
 
 ib. Rerum inscitia, " ignorance of the world." Cp. Pers. v. 34, — ' Vitae nescius 
 error.' 
 
 34. Feros, "restive," as in Fp. xin. 8. Gr. £vyoiJ.axovvTas. 
 
 EPISTLE IV.— AD ALBIUM TIBULLUM. 
 
 To the poet Tibullus, — a pleasant recital of the comforts and means of 
 happiness at his command, with a hint as to their right use. The terms and 
 tone of the letter, and its closing profession, are Epicurean ; perhaps affectedly 
 so ; ' Ridentem dicere verum quid vetat ? ' to prevent the hint being taken as 
 a reproof, or the reproof felt as a personality ; or possibly because the 
 moralist shrank from full avowal of truths but dimly seen, and the real mean- 
 ing of his own words. 
 
 1. Candide. So Ov. Trist. IV. X.. 132,—' Candide lector.' 
 
 2. Pedana. At Pedum, between Tibur and Prseneste, was the home of Tibullus. 
 
 3. Cassi. Not the Cassius of Sat. I. x. 62 ; nor, though one of the conspirators 
 against J. Csesar, the Cassius, their leader. 
 
 After Brutus' death, he followed Sextus Pompeius, ancl was at the sea-fight 
 off Mylse in 36 b. c. Then he surrendered to and followed Antony. Eventually 
 he was put to death by Octavian. Vell. Paterculus says he was the last, as 
 Trebonius was the first, of the conspirators who met a violent death. 
 
 4. Reptare. The same word is used. to describe a studenfs walk, in Plin. Ep. 
 
 I. xxiv. 
 6. Eras, " you used not to be." But is it not rather an instance of the imper- 
 fect as used (refmedly) for the present tense ? — " You certainly are not ; I 
 cannot think vou ai-e." 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST iv, v. 201 
 
 9. Sapere etfari. Epist. I. I. 57. Cp. Xen. Mem. I. II. 52, — a^iovs ehai riftTJs rovs 
 tlddras ra Seovra Ka\ ep/j.rjvzvaai dwa/xevovs. 
 
 10. Compare the description of Thorius Balbus, Cic. de Fin. ii. 20, — ' Color 
 ' egregius (cp. v. 6,formam), integra valetudo, summa gratia,' etc. 
 
 11. Mundus victus, nearly our " comfort." 
 ib. Deficiente crumena. So Juv. XI. 38. 
 
 13. Cp. Eur. Alcest, 783. But also compare our Morning Hymn by Bp. Ken, — 
 
 ' Live this day as if the last.' 
 ib. Diluxisse. Mostly used as an impersonal ; e. g. ' jam dilucescebat, Liv. XXXVI. 
 
 24. Cp. the subst. diluculum. 
 
 16. Comp. Cic. ad Fam. ix. 20. 
 
 EPISTLE V.— AD TORQUATUM. 
 
 - This is an invitation to a holiday entertainment on the eve of Caesar'g 
 birthday (v. 9), in which are mingled praises of conviviality, and a refined 
 regard also to niceties of taste, comfort, and security. 
 
 1. Archiacis, made by Archias, some workman of the day. ' Archias breves lectos 
 
 fecit.' Schol. 
 
 2. Olus omne, i. e. a frugal meal. " A mere salad, nothing but salad." 
 
 3. Torquate. See Carm. IV. vii. He seems (see vv. 10, and 31) to have been a 
 lawyer. Compare the mention of facundia, in the Ode, v. 23, and the figurative 
 arbitria, as an image of death. 
 
 4. Iterum Tauro, sc. iterum consule ; B. c. 26. 
 
 ib. Diffusa, sc. ' ex doliis in cados ' ' Contra defunditur, Sat. II. II. 58, ex cratere 
 
 in pocula.' — Orelli. Anglice, " bottled." 
 
 5. Petrinus, ' ager Sinuessae vicinus,' Schol. Now the ' petit village de Piedimonte.' 
 
 Cicero had a villa there, ad Fam. vi. 19. [W.] 
 
 6. Arcesse, " send it me." ' Recte dici arcessere rem patet ex Cic. Att. XYI. 
 
 xi. 4.' [O.] 
 
 7. Splendet. The brightness of the hearth, not of a fire, is intended. 
 
 9. Moschi causam. This was a well-known rhetor of Pergamus. Walckn. suggests 
 that he had, perhaps, given lessons to Torquatus. He was tried on a charge 
 of poisoning, and was defended by Torquatus and Asinius Pollio. 
 
 ib. Nato Ccesare. Augustus' birthday fell on Sept. 23 ; and [0.] understands 
 this of that day : ' Sic nude dictum vix aliter intelligi potest,' and ' sub caelo 
 ' Italico illa quoque nox quaa proprie erat autumnalis, dici poterat aestiva.' 
 The difficulty regards rather the time of year, than the term adopted : cestas 
 and wstivus might very well be extended to September, one would suppose : 
 but such passages as E. I. vn. 5, and xvi. 16 ; and Juv. vi. 517, — ' Metuique 
 jubet Septembris et Austri adventum/ imply that the fear of malaria would 
 have driven all the fashionable world away, and left very little society in 
 Eome. Therefore others interpret Caisare of the Dictator, whose birthday, 
 the 12th of July, was registered as a public holiday. 
 
 16. Designat, i. e. 'plan, sketch out.' So ' quas designata sint et facta,' Plaut. Most. 
 II. i. 66. And in another sense, ' modo quid designavit ?' (i. e. " what new 
 px-ank has he played ? ") Ter. Ad. I. II. 7. 
 
 2 c 
 
202 NOTES ON THE EPIBTLES: BOOK I. EPI8T, \, vi. 
 
 18. Sollicitis. Cp. Eur. Frag. Inc. 47, — 
 
 OUK CO~Tl \VTT7)S &\\0 (pdpfXaKOV ^porols 
 ws avSpbs ea6\ov Ka\ <f>i\ov rrapaiveais ' 
 baris oe TavT-p ttj v6aw ^vvtov CLV7JP 
 /xeflr) Tapdaaei koX ya\r)v{£ei (ppeva, 
 irdpaura S' i)adels varepov arevei 5t7rA.S. 
 
 19. Cp. Hom. Od. {. 463 — 
 
 olvos avdyei 
 r)\ebs '6s t' e(per)Ke Tto\u(ppovd irep fxd\' aelaai 
 Kai 0' aira\bv ye\daai Kai t' bpxhaaa6ai avrjKev, 
 icai Tt eiros TrpoewKev orrep t' dfiprjTov (x/jlgivov. 
 
 21. Imperor. See the note on A. P. 56 ; and Munro's on Lucr. n. 156. 
 
 23. Cantharus. Juv. iii. 205, (where see Hayor's note.J 
 
 24. Neficlos, etc. Micreu [xvdfjLova crvfxir6rav. Hart. I. xxvni. (See Becker, Gallus, 
 
 sc. i. £>. 6, awd wote 8.) 
 
 30. Quotus, " of what number ?" — i. e. " with how many others ? " Cp. Mar*. XIV. 
 ccxvn, — c Dic quotus et quanti cupias cenare.' Gr. ttocttos, as Ttoarbv iros, 
 quotus annus ? Hom. Od. o. 258. Cp. E. II. i. 35 ; Ov. A. A. n. 663. Its 
 correlative pronoun totus is of rare occurrence, but is in Lucret. vi. 652, — 
 'Nec tota pars, homo terrai quota totius unus ' (t. e. " not so large a part as 
 one man is of all the earth.") When compounded with quisqv.e, it forms an 
 idiomatic phrase for " how few ;" e. g. ' forma quota quseque superbit ?' Ov. 
 A. A. m. 103. So, indeed, quotus by itself, as ' quota pars hsec sunt ? ' Ov. 
 Her. xii. 89. 
 
 EPISTLE VI.— AD NUMICIUM, - 
 
 The moral of this epistle may be in part represented by Milton's line 
 (Comus, 210),— 
 
 ' These thoughts may startle well, but not astound 
 ' The virtuous mind.' 
 
 It opens with a proverb from the Greek, which in its original meaning 
 denoted the characteristic fearlessness of the well-balanced mind, free from 
 amazement or superstitious alarm at natural phenomena ; but which might 
 be, and here is, brought to bear upon moral causes of disquietude as well. 
 These are the admiration and desire of wealth and power, of popular distinc- 
 tions {yv. 5 — 14 ; 17 — 23), the real value of which is tested by Time and Death 
 (vv. 24 — 27.) True wisdom is never in excess (y. 16) ; the real excellence of 
 life is found in virtue (r. 30j ; if not, let a man indulge his bent without re- 
 spect to virtue ; enrich himself without scruple as to means (y. 32, sqq.) ; gratify 
 his ambition as he will (v. 49, sqq.J, or his luxury (v. 56, sqq.J 
 
 The subject seems at first sight unfinished ; we should have expected the 
 counter-principle of v. 30 to be advocated in its turn ; but it is left for in- 
 ference, and loses nothing perhaps of its force, if fairly studied ; helped out 
 as it is by the evident irony of such lines as 36 — 3S ; 45 — 47 ; 62 — 64. 
 
 1. Nil aclmirari, from the Greek, fir)ohv 6av/j.d(eiv, which the Schol. quotes as a 
 saying of Pythagoras (it is given in Plutarch, de Audiendo, 13.) Orelli com- 
 pares, amongst other passages, Archilochus, Frag. xxi. 2, — ovlV ayo.Lofiai 6ea>v 
 ^pya; and Lucian, Timon, 27, (describing a wealthy man) 6avfxd(ei t€ to. ov 
 davfxaara, Ka\ opeyeTai tccv (pevKTcav. Cp. Cic. Tusc. Qu. V. 28 ; and JDe Fin. V. 
 29 — ' Ex illa investigatione naturae consequi volebat ut esset bono animo : 
 ' id enim ille summum borfum ebdv/xiav et sa?pe b.6afx$lav appellat.' 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EFIST. vi. 203 
 
 1. Compare Plutarch, Life of Pericles, — ' From him (sc. Anaxagoras) he learned 
 
 ' to overcome those terrors which the varions phenomena of the heavens raise,' 
 &c. — Langhome' s Transln. 
 
 On this subject we may perhaps refer to the prophecy of Jeremiah, X. 2. — 
 ' Learn not the way of the heathen, and be not dismayed at the signs of hea- 
 ' ven ; for the heathen are dismayed at them.' 
 
 2. Facere ...beatum. On this term and these ethics consider St. Angustine's word's 
 
 (Serm. 150, quoted in Wordsworth's N. T., on Acts xvn. 18), — ' Dic, Epicuree, 
 ' Quas res faciat beatum ? Responde : Yoluptas corporis. Dic, Stoice : Virtus 
 ' animi. Dic, Christiane : Donum Dei.' 
 
 10. Pavor is used of hope in Virg. G. III. 106, — 
 
 6 Exultantiaque haurit 
 ' Corda pavor pulsans ;' 
 and Ov. Fast. iii. 362 ; and similarly too, exterreo, as in Virg. 2En. XI. 806. 
 
 11. Externat is a conjectural reading, approved by Lachmann, Lucr. iv. 1022. 
 
 [O.] in answer refers to Lucr. n. 1040, — 'novitate exterritus.' See the 
 whole passage, vv. 1028 — 47. 
 
 12. Cp. Virg. 2En. VI. 733, — ' Hinc metuunt cupiuntque, dolent gaudentque.' 
 
 ' Nec cupias nec metuas ' is the motto of Lord Hardwicke's family. 
 
 22. Cp. Pers. vi. 15 — 
 
 ' Etsi adeo omnes 
 ' Ditescant orti pejoribus.' 
 24. Cp. Soph. Ajax, 647, — 
 
 airavQ* 6 jxaKpbs navapiQfxwTOS xpovos 
 <pvei t' adwAa Kal (pavevTa KpvirTGTai. 
 
 31. Virtutem verba. This seems to be an allusion to Brutus' dying words (given 
 in Dion. XLVIl. adfin.) ; — d) tXtiixov apsT^j. \6-)0S ap' ^aO'' ' iyco 8e cre ws ep-yov 
 tfcTKovv, crv 8' &p' edovAevc-s tvxV- Compare Shakespeare' s (Kamlet, Act III. 
 Sc. iv.), — ' Such a deed sweet religion makes a rhapsody of words.' 
 
 32. Lucum ligna. Observe the alliteration, as in virtutem verba. The general 
 
 sense is, — " Do you think there is no reality in virtue ; that it is a matter of 
 " mere words ? If so, then be not controlled by it, but follow your own desires 
 " unscrupulously." 
 
 ib. Ne portus occupet. Cp. Cic. de Off. III. xn. 3. 
 
 33. Cibyratica, from Cibyra, on the borders of Caria and Lycia, with a water 
 passage down to the bay, facing Rhodes. 
 
 37. Cp. Soph. Fragm. Aloa. 109,— 
 
 Ka\ yap (sc. ra xpVf^o.Ta) SvcreiSes crSojxa Kal Svcrwvvfiov, 
 yXwcrar) aocpbv Tidvaiv ev/xopcp6v t iSelv. 
 
 39. Cappadocum rex. Slaves from Cappadocia were numerous at Eome. Cp, Cic. 
 post Red. vr. The king of Cappadocia at this time was Archelaus ; he reigned 
 from B. c. 36 until a. d. 17, and the kingdom was then reduced to a Eoman 
 province. (Tac. Ann. II. xlii.J Some have thought that Ariobarzanes, whom 
 Cicero calls perpa uper, (ad Att. VI. III.) is alluded to here. He had been put 
 to death by Cassius b. c. 42. 
 
 40. Lucullus. This passage is quoted, and the story told, in Plutarch's Life of 
 
 Lucullus. 
 
 46. Faribus. ' Imprimis servis.' [O.] There is apparently the same meaning in 
 Yirgils antithesis, Ecl. III. 16, — ' Quid domini faciant, audent cum talia 
 fures ? ' 
 
 48. Primus . . .postremus. Used as in Virg. Geor. n. 410. 
 
 49. Species. Cp.. Cic. in Pisonem, 11, (24), — ' Magna species, magna dignitas 
 
 consulis.' 
 
 2 c 2 
 
201 NOTES ON THE EPISTLE8: BOOE I. EPI8T. n, \n. 
 
 50. Qui dictet, %, e. "a nomenclator." 
 
 61. Trans pondera. Engl. " across tho counter." Compare the 086 of pondsribus, 
 Sat. I. iii. 78. This interpretution has bcen illnstrated and confirmed frbm a 
 fresoo at Pompeii. Gesner interprets " beyond his balance ;" and so Loch- 
 
 tnann on Lucret. vi. 574. 
 
 53. Cuilibet. If this is not a compound word, libct shoulcl be tibeat, or Ubebit, as 
 in the next v. * cui volet.' Orelli (after Bentley) objects that cuilibei iB=primo 
 cuique, and extravagant in meaning. Even so it has a parallel with us ; it ia 
 no more than was said by the owners of boroughs. But words are not' to be 
 pressed always to an extreme : they are to be taken with natural limitations. 
 The simple sense here is, — " He can turn the scale in anybody's favour ;' ' i. e. 
 any candidate's. 
 
 54. Importunus, i. e. " a restless, busy agent." 
 
 55. Facetus, i. e. " with ready courtesy." 
 
 56. Compare Juv. xi. 11, — 
 
 'Multos porro vides quos saepe elusus ad ipsum 
 ' Creditor introitum solet expectare macelli, 
 ' Et quibus in solo vivendi causa palato.' 
 
 57. Quo ducit gula. This may he=ad ipsum introitum macelli, (as in the above 
 quotation.) 
 
 ib. Piscemur, venemur, may be " let us set out to procure our fish and venison :" 
 and, if so, was this a jesting phrase used by Gargilius ? and was his show of 
 sporting a pretence to excuse, or a bravado to display, his luxury ? 
 
 61. Crudi tumidique. Juv. I. 142, — 
 
 ' Posna tamen prassens cum tu deponis amictus 
 ' Turgidus, et crudum pavonem in balnea portas.' 
 Compare Pers. III. 98. 
 
 62. Cairite. See ' Cwritum Tabulce ' in Dict. of Antiqq. 
 
 ib. C. cera digni, i. e. " disfranchising ourselves, surrendering our rank and rights 
 " as citizens," or (in the moralisfs view here) " as men." 
 7] <pvais yap o^xerot 
 drav yXvKeias rjBovrjs tfcrawv ris y. Eur. Fr. Antiop. 23. 
 
 Compare Cic. de Fin. II. 114, — ' Quis est autem dignus nomine hominis qui 
 ' unum diem totum velit esse in isto genere voluptatis ?' 
 
 63. Remigium. Like Ulysses' crew. The cause of their ruin is specified Odyss. 
 
 a. 8, — avrol -)ap o-cperepwaiv a.Taa6aAir)0~iv oXovto 
 
 vi]ivioi oi KaTa. fiovs virtpiovos 'HeA.ioto 
 tjgQiov, avTap o Tolaiv ct^etAero v6ctti[xov 'tj/J.ap. 
 
 The story is given Odyss. /j.. 270, sqq. 
 
 EPISTLE YII.— AD M^CENATEM. 
 
 A letter of apology to his patron for his lengthened absence in the country ; 
 the terms are even affectionate (vv. 11, 12.) His sense of the discriminating 
 kindness he had received is illustrated by his description (in contrast) of 
 vulgar profusion (v. 14, sqq.J ; and his own spirit of independence by the 
 fable of the little fox (vv. 29 — 34) ; he will prefer leanness with liberty, to 
 wealth without it ; or like Telemachus (v. 40,) he will not be tempted by vain 
 show to desire what is useless or unfitting for him. He closes with the 
 anecdote of the rich orator Philippus (vv. 46 — 95,) to exemplify the folly, the 
 awkwardness, and the discomfort, not to say ruin, consequent on a man's 
 quitting his own natural sphere of life. (Swift has an imitation, one of his 
 wittiest, of this Epistle.) 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. vn. 205 
 
 1. Quinque dies, i. e. " only a few days." Eure, poetic for ruri. 
 
 8. Officiosa sedulitas, i. e. ceremonious attendance on the great. These officia 
 salutandi were very laborious. Comp. Martial, VII. xxxix ; Juv. v. 77. 
 
 12. Contractus, i. e. " curled up in a snng and warm posture ;" as e contr. fusus 
 is =" lying at fall length." ' Sic Lucian, Saturn, IX. 9, — 4TriK€Kv<p6Tes...aiJ.(pl 
 ' tt]v Kafxiuop. Ipsnm frigns contractum vocatnr, Virg. Geor. IV. 259, — Apes 
 ' contracto frigore pigree.' [0.] 
 
 13. Compare Cic. ad Att. x. 2, — ' Ka\ayev<ra jam adest.' Hesiod, 4py. koI ^i/jl. 566. So 
 
 Ov. Fast. II. 853. 
 
 22. Dignis paratus, " ready for worthy persons " fsc. as the objects of his 
 
 encouragement or patronage.) Sat. I. vi. 51. 
 
 23. Lupinis. These were used to counterfeit money on the stage. " He knows a 
 
 " coin from a counter." 
 
 24. Pro, " in proportion to." (As an instance of this construction after dignus, 
 
 Gesner quotes Lucretius, v. 2.) 
 
 ib. Merentis=bene merentis ; i. e. " my patron." Cp. 'merendo/ Virg. Mn. vi. 644 # 
 
 25. Thus paraphrased by Lord Melbourne (see Hayward' s EssaysJ, — 
 
 'Tis late and I must haste away, 
 
 My usual hour of rest is near : 
 And do you press me yet to stay ; 
 
 To stay, and revel longer here ? 
 Then give me back the scorn of care 
 
 Which spirits light in health allow, 
 And give me back the dark brown hair 
 
 Which curled upon my even brow. 
 And give me back the sportive jest 
 
 Which once could midnight hours beguile ; 
 The life that bounded in my breast, 
 
 And joyous youth's becoming smile. 
 And give me back the fervid soul 
 
 Which love enflamed with strange delight, 
 When erst I sorrowed o'er the bowl 
 
 At Chloe's coy and wanton flight. 
 
 'Tislate 
 
 But give me these, and I will stay, — 
 
 Will stay till morn, and revel here. 
 
 29. Volpecula. Bentley corrected this to nitedula, which would certainly, in 
 strictness, make a better sense ; and his conjecture is approved by Lachmann 
 on Lucret. ni. 1015 ; but the old fabulists kept little to probabilities or con- 
 sistency in particulars, and the fox was the most frequent character introduced 
 by them. 
 
 35. i. e. I like luxuries, nor, when I have them, do I affect to prefer humble life ; 
 yet I will not give up my independence for the sake of obtaining them. 
 
 ib. Somnum plebis is explained by Sat. II. n. 80. Comp. Carm. III. I. 21. (Comp. 
 8. S. Eccl. v. 12.) 
 
 ib. Laudo satur may be compared with Juv. xi. 58, — * Nec laudem siliquas occultus 
 
 ganeo.' 
 41. Hom. Odyss. 5. 601—605. 
 
 Xtnrovs 8' els 'lOaKTjv ovk a^ofiai 
 
 iv S' 'WaKTj ovt' ap dpo/j.ol eupees ovtz ti \e{/u.uv. 
 
 44. Parvum. Call. Fr. 179, — to7s (xikkoIs fjLiKKa. 5ioovo-i 6eol. 
 
 46. Philippus. Lucius Marcius Philippus, well known for the altercation with 
 Drusus and Crassus, described in Cic. de Orat. iii. 1 : and cp. Brutus, xcv. 326. 
 
206 NOTES ON TSE EPI8TLEB : BOOK I. EPI8T. vii, Ym. 
 
 48. Carinas. See Cookesleifs Ma/p of Rome, p. 31. 
 
 50. .4clrasum=' tonsa cutc,' Epist. I. xvm. 7, — "with hair close cnt." Comparo 
 the force of ad, in accido, adwro, ad See No, vir. of Latin FJn 
 
 by Claudius, in Jowrnal of Education, 1851. Orclli seems to interpret it as 
 " just cut ;" but (as Obbar objects) gives no authority. 
 
 54. Quo...patre patrono, i. e. whether he is ingenuus (comp. 'quibus est pater.' 
 
 Ars P, 248 ; and Sat. I. VI. 29,) or libertus. 
 
 56. Praiconem. The Roman prcecones were employed at the comitia and all public 
 assemblies, in reciting proclamations, edicts, laws ; at public games, and thc 
 funerals; also at auctions. So, ' voci subjcere praeconis,' Cic. de Qff. II. xxui. 
 
 10, is " to offer for sale." The office and its gains are slightly spoken of in Bat. 
 I. VI. 66 ; on the other hand, Gallonius pro?co is noted for extravagance, So.t. II. 
 
 11. 47. Juvenal implies that it was a low but lucrative calling, Sat. III. xxxiy. 
 157 ; VII. 6 (where see Mayor's note.J 
 
 57. Loco. Gr. Srav tvxv- 
 
 65. Tunicato. The poorer and especially the country people. 
 
 70. TJt Ubet=" agreed "=ut videtur. 
 
 72. Dicenda tacenda, — pvrbi/ &ppvt6i/ t eiros. Soph. (Ed. C. 1001. 'Digna atque 
 • indigna relatu.' Virg. 2En. IX. 595. 
 
 76. Lndictis...Latinis. The Latince Ferice belonged to the class conceptivce ; they 
 
 were annual, but on no fixed day : indicere, or concipere, was the technical 
 word for fixing the day. 
 
 77. Lmpositus, i. e. " driving out with his patron." 
 
 79. Philippus may be compared with Fvirapelus, in E. I. xviii. 3"!. 
 
 83. Ex nitido. With the same contrast, Cicero (de Senect. xvil.) uses nitorem 
 
 corporis. 
 
 ib. Fit rusticus. Cicero (the son) ends a letter to Tiro with jesting on this subject. 
 Ad Fam. xvi. 21, adfin. 
 
 84. Mera. So, ' mera scelera loquuntur,' Cic. ad Att. IX. xm. 1. [O.] 
 
 92. Pol. On this and similar words, edepol, ecastor, see Marriottfs instructive note 
 on Ter. Ad. 289. 
 
 93-4. Quoted in Porsorfs Adversaria, as an imitation of Eur. Lph. T. 500, — tJ> /j.ev 
 SiKaioy dvcTvx^s Ka'koi|xtQ , olv. 
 
 94. Quod. Cp. Yirg. JEn. n. 141, — ' Quod te per superos...oro miserere laborum.' 
 Compare the usages quod si, quod nisi. 
 
 98. Ac ped.e. Probably this is only a poetic amplification of modvlo, and the sense 
 is simply, — " Let every one take his own measure " (Comp. moduli, Sat. II. 
 iii. 309.) Comp. Juv. xi. 34, — ' Buccae noscenda est mensura tuae.' 
 
 ' Metaphora ab iis desumpta qui corporis sui staturam numero pedum 
 ' metiuntur.' Obbar, apud Orelli. Gesner and others refer the pkrase to 
 "the shoemaker's last," as the Gr. fxrj virtp iroda to viroSv/xa, as in Epist. I. x. 
 43, comparing (for the general sense) Cic. de Off. I. 31. 
 
 EPISTLE VIII.— AD CELSUM ALBIXOYAXOI. 
 
 A letter to Celsus, whom we may conclude, from the hint in the last line, 
 to have shown some foolish vanity or elation at being promoted to the post 
 of secretary, when on Tiberius' staff. The body of the letter consists of a 
 self-reproaching description of the writer's own deficiencies, his aimless levity 
 and lethargy of mind; a description serving to introduce and excuse the 
 admonition to his friend. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. vm, ix. 207 
 
 Horace, if he must censure, does it covertly, — he is amiculus, docendus 
 adhuc (see below, Ep. xvu. 3.) That his own character, however, was want- 
 ing in fixedness of purpose, he seems to have been sincerely conscious. (See 
 the reflections in the opening of Sat. II. III. and Sat. II. vil. fvv, 22 — 29.) 
 
 This Epistle is to be compared with the Third, being written to one of the 
 same suite fcohors) ; probably to the same Celsus as there mentioned, v. 15. 
 
 1. GavAere gerere, a form of salutation (as again in v. 15.) Gr. x a ' L P eiv Ka ^ 
 
 6§ irpaTTeiv. 
 
 2. Pvogata, " at my request," not rogata a Celso, as the next line (si quceretj shows. 
 
 3. Si quceret, quid agam. Comp. Ov. Am. 1. xi. 13 ; and Trist. I. i. 17, — 
 
 ' Si quis qui, quid agam, forte requirat erit, 
 1 Yivere me dices, salvum tamen esse negabis.' 
 Ib. III. Ylll. 6 ; and Theognis, 519, — 
 
 $)v 84 tis elpwTq Tbv ifxbv ftlov £>8e ol elireTv, 
 d>s eu fxev %aAe7rws, wj xaXe-rrws 8e /j.d?C ev. 
 
 12. The marked mention of Tibur in Horace's later poetry (here, for instance, and 
 in Carm. IV. II. 31 ; IV. III. 10) has raised the question whether he had any 
 residence there, either lent or leased to him. [O.] refers to Carm. II. 
 xviii. 14, as proving that he had but one country residence, and that situated 
 in confiniis agri Sabini et Tiburtini. But granting that the ager Tiburtirius 
 may have bordered on the ager Sabinus, there is no doubt that Horace's farm 
 was at least ten or fifteen miles from Tibnr itself. In fact, the nearest town- 
 ship was Varia (see E. I. xiv. 3,) eight miles beyond Tibur. Again, the life 
 attinbuted to Suetonius speaks of his living ' plurimum in secessu ruris sui 
 * Sabini aut Tiburtini,' faut, " or else," implies that the terms used are not 
 gynonymous, but distinctive) ' domusque ejus ostenditur circa Tiburni luculum.' 
 Again, in Carm. III. IV. 22, Horace appears clearly to distinguish his Sabine 
 residence from Tibur; nor does he throw out any hint of his Sabine valley 
 being connectecl with Tibur, or owing any charm to it. Compare the detailed 
 description in E. i. 16, and the incidei.tal references to it in E. I. xvin. 
 104; C. I. xxii. 9; III. 1.47. 
 
 EPISTLE IX.— AD CLAUDIUM XEROXEM. 
 
 An introductory letter written to Tiberius, showing great tact in the avoid- 
 ance of the difficulties of a false position. His friend Septimius, supposing 
 him to be influential, presses him to write it, He believes he has no influence, 
 and knows he has no authority to ask a favour. Forced, however, by the 
 plea of friendship, he complies in terms as brief and decisive as they are 
 unpresuming. 
 
 1. Nimirum...unus, "knows, no doubt, better than any one else," i. e. " than I 
 " do ;" as in v. 6. TJnus, used as in Sat. II. vi. 57, and as with superlatives. 
 
 4. Legentis honesta. Equivalent to cautum dignos assumere, Sat. I. vi. 51, and 63. 
 Honesta, neut. for masc, as obscura, Carm. I. xxxiv. 14. Cp. ' prima virorum,' 
 ' summa ducum.' Lucr. i. 87 ; Ov. Am. I. ix. 37. 
 
208 NOTES ON THE EPISTLE8 : BOOK 1. EPI8T. ix, x. 
 
 11. Frontis wrbcuMB, <: of fche onabashed front," i. e. effrontery. Frona is tho seat of 
 modesty. Cp. JEsck. Suppl. 198, fxfTCtiiroaaxppcov. Hence tho phrase for 
 becoming "shameless,"/''^"'''"' perfricwre. (']>• Pera. v. 104, — ' Perisae frontem 
 de rebus.' Again, as rusticus is used for " bashful " (Cp. Cicero, Fom. V. xn. 1, 
 ' pudor subrusticus,') so urbanus is " a man of the world," who cannot be 
 turned from his request. 
 
 ib. Descendi. This verb may often mcan " to undcrtake rcluctantly," or, " with 
 effort and condescension." So [0 ] who quotes c ad accusandum deeoendere,' 
 Cic. Divin. in Ccec. i. 1. Obbar quotes Cic. Lcel. xvii. Gl •; pro Qwmt. 16 ; Liv. 
 XXIII. Xiv. 3 ; and reprobates Bothe's interpretation, — 'Descendi vclut in 
 ' arenam ad acquirenda prasmia.' Yet this is probably the primary idea, from 
 which comes that of attempting anything which requires effort or resolution 
 (see on C. III. i. 11.) 
 
 13. The sum of the letter is contained in this line, according with Cicero's words 
 ad Fam. xi. 16, — ' Ponam in extremo quod sentiam.' 
 
 ib. Gregis. Cp. gregales, Cic. de Orat. II. 62. So ' in nostro, ut ita dicam, grege,' 
 Cic. L&l. xix. 69 ; and Ter. Eun. Y, viii. 54. 
 
 ib. Fortem . . .bonwmque. This is a frequent formula. See Cic. ad Fam. XIII. lxxvii. 
 3; pro Milone, II. 4; ad Att. YIII. iii. lj Liv. XXII. lix. 11. 
 
 EPISTLE X.—AD FUSCUM ARISTIUM. 
 
 A letter in praise of rural life : yet not so much on account of the real 
 beauties of scenery, as of the happiness of disposition which prefers natural 
 to artificial tastes. Men's natural wants (v. 12, sqq.) are met by the freedoin, 
 the freshness, the landscape of the country. The love of town-luxuries is a 
 corruption which tacitly convicts itself (v. 22, sqq.) ; which punishes itself by 
 its unsatisfied longings ; and enslaves itself to habits that become a burden, 
 though it can no more shake them off than the horse could shake off his rider 
 when he had put himself in his power (v. 34, sqq.) Men should adapt their 
 wants and wishes to their means aiad their position in life ; the discomfort of 
 not doing so is illustrated by comparison to shoes that do not fit the wearer 
 (v. 42.) It is not the acquisition of wealth that will free us from discontent, 
 or discomposure ; but a superiority to its attractions in the resources of our 
 own minds. 
 
 5. Annuimus, "we assent." But the word is thought to involve an allusion to 
 the habit expressed by columbari, or the adv. columbatim t i.e. "billing and 
 cooing." 
 
 6. Nidum, in agreement with the simile columbi. 
 
 9. Rumore secundo, i. e. " with one accord ; with unanimous acclaim." See Virg. 
 2En. Vin. 90, and Heyne^s note ; and comp. 'clamore secundo,' jEn. x. 266. 
 
 12. Vivere nat.. . .convenienter, a Stoic phrase. See Cic. Tusc. Qu. v. 28. 
 
 16. The Dog-star rises July 20. The Sun enters Leo July 23. 
 
 ib. Momenta, derived from moveo, must mean, as applied to the heavenly bodies, 
 their " revolutions," or " periodic times : " here it may be construed, with some 
 latitude and in connection with the next line, " vehemence," or " impulse." 
 
 22. Nempe, etc, i. e. the superiority of the country is proved by the desire rich men 
 have oi giving a country appearance to their houses. Of the desire for a 
 country prospect fprospicit, v. 23J, Msecenas' house was a conspicuous in- 
 stance. Cp. Carm. III. xxix. 6, sqq. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. x, xi. 209 
 
 21. Expellas furca. This rnstic metaphor is used by Cicero, ' furcilla extrudimur,' 
 Att. XVI. 2. Compare in Greek the burlesque phrase Sixpoh ec&Oovv rrjv Qebv 
 ...KeKpdyixacri, Aristoph. Par, 637 ; aud diKpdvois fxe e^ed>9ei, Lucian, Tim. 12. 
 Compare the simple Homeric 5a\cp 0e/3A7}/xeVos dada 0vpa(e, Odyss. r. 69. 
 
 ib. Tamen...recurret. Cp. Jw??. xiii. 239, — 
 
 ' Tameu ad mores natura recurrit 
 ( Damnatos, fixa et mutari nescia.' 
 So. Cic. Tusc. V. xxvii. 78. So Arist. Vesp. 1457,— 
 rb yap airoaTrjvai x a ^ eirov 
 tpvcreos, r)v exet ris aei. 
 
 25. Mala...fastidia, "your affected (non-natural) disdain." 
 
 26. Contendere, " to stretch side by side, and compare." 
 
 27. Aquinatem potantia...fucum, i.e. "home-dyed." Another Italian dye is 
 
 mentioned, Ep. II. I. 207. 
 
 28. Propius med.ullis. Cp. Eur. Hipp. 255, — irpbs aKpbv (xvzXbv xpvxys- 
 
 39. Metallis. Apparently a contemptuous term, as lamnce in C. II. II. 2. 
 
 40. Vehit improbus. ' Improbus, hoc est, immodicus, intemperatus ' [O.] ; but 
 
 Qu. Whether improbus does not attach itself to the verb ? (See S. II. VI. 29.) 
 Compare these instances from Virgil, G. I. 388, — ' vocat improba ;' JEn. II. 
 80, — ' mendacemque improba finget ; ' Mn. IX. 62, — ' improbus ira saevit. ' 
 So xi. 767 ; xii. 250. 
 
 46. Quam satis. Eur. Phcen. 562, — iirel rd y' apKovvO' iKava. rolcri awippocnv. 
 
 49. Eictabam. The imperfect is used, as, in the close of a letter, dabam, (e. g. Cic. 
 
 ad Fam. xiv. 1.) Cp. canebam, Virg. Geor. IV. 559. 
 
 ib. Vaxuna (see Ov. F. VI. 307) was a Sabine divinity, answering to the Roman 
 Victoria ; but her name is played on here, as if derived from vacare, and 
 signifying " indolence." See Varronianus, p. 139. 
 
 50. So Cicero, ad Q. Fr. n. 14, — ' Bgo me in Cumano et Pompeiano, prseterquam 
 quod sine te ceterum satis commode oblectabam.' 
 
 EPISTLE XI.- AD BULLATIUM. 
 
 Bullatius seems to have been one of those who, when sated of home and 
 weary of themselves, think to escape or dispel their ennui by travelling. On 
 this mistaken notion Horace moralises. A cheerful mind and a willingness to 
 be pleased is requisite for the enjoyments of life : a life busied with frivolous 
 aims, or given up to energetic idleness, finds the fatigue of toil, without its 
 repose : mere change of place and scene cannot soothe or satisfy the inward 
 feeling. 
 
 (Compare the remarks on ' Foreign Travel,' in Eogers' ' Italy,' and 
 Coleridge's little poem on ' Worlc ivithout Hope,' ending — 'Hope without an 
 object cannot live.') 
 
 3. Majora minorave, i. e. ' sive majora fama sive minora.' 
 
 8. " Yet even there I could be content to live and tempt the seas no more.' 
 
 9. ' The world forgetting, by the world forgot.' — Pope's Eloisa. 
 10. Cp. Lucret. II. 1, — 
 
 ' Suave mari magno turbantibus sequora ventis 
 ' E terra maguum alterius spectare laborem.' 
 
 2 d 
 
210 NOTES ON THE EPIBTLEB : BOOK I. EPI8T. xi, xn. 
 
 17. Incolumi, "in good (osp. montal) health." ' Integro, sanao mentii homini.'— 
 
 Schol. 
 
 ib. Facit, quod, " is just as (little) suitable as," &c. Frop. IV. I. 20, — ' Non faciet 
 capiti dura coroua meo.' Facio is nsed in thia sense also, with ad followintr. 
 
 18. Pamula. (Gr. cpaivox-qs, in N. T. 2 Ep. to Tim. iv. 13.) " A sleeveless cloak," 
 wom in rainy weathcr, and in travelling. (Sce Mayo/s full acconnt of it, note 
 on Juv. V. 79.) 
 
 ib. Campestre. Thuc.l. 6, — Sm^/xaTO 7repi ra aloola, [0.] i. e. the light hand or 
 
 drawers used by the Romans, when stripped for the games of tho Campus. 
 20. Cp. Ov. Trist. I. Y. 27, — 'Dum juvat et vultu ridet Fortuna sereno.' 
 
 28. Strenua...inertia. ' Who, borne about 
 
 1 In chariots and sedans, know no fatigue 
 
 ' But that of idleness.' Cowper. 
 ib. Navibus atque quadrigis, i. e. " excursions by sea and land." Tho naves, 
 " yachts," here spoken of would be private property. Cp. E. I. i. 93. So 
 quadrigce were perhaps commonly used for driving or display ; they are sel- 
 dom mentioned but with refercnce to tlie ganies, or as uried in war, thotigh 
 Cicero (Orat. 157j speaks of postmeridianas quadriyas. The words answering 
 most nearly to our travelling carriage seem to have been reda, ahd the 
 smaller and expeditious cisium. 
 
 29. Cp. Juv. IX. 131. 
 
 30. Ulubris, i, e. "anywhere." Ulubrae was a little town, probably in Campania : 
 vacuis Ulubris, Juv. x. 102. 
 
 EPISTLE XII.—AD ICCIUM. 
 
 A letter to Iccius, who had formerly been devoted to philosophical pursuits, 
 and in the enjoyment of literary ease, until he gave \|fiy to a turn for specula- 
 tion, and embarked in the Arabian enterprise of JEA. Gallus, (Carm. I. xxix.) 
 The failure of that expedition perhaps reduced him to poverty, and his 
 abilities found a new direction : he became the agent for Agrippa's estates 
 in Sicily. He was ill at ease (v. 3) in this position. It is inferred from this 
 letter that he felt and complained that this agency promised him no eventual 
 wealth, and yet that it absorbed his time and energies ; that it, in fact, dis- 
 appointed both the objects he had formei^ly had in view, viz. the prosecution 
 of intellectual studies, and the acquisition of a wealthy independence. 
 
 Horace meets this complaint with kind and sensible reflections, reminding 
 him that he has all his actual wants supplied, that health and temperance 
 need nothing more, and could gain nothing more from f ortune. Upon his love 
 for study he congratulates him, comparing him favourably with Democritus, 
 in being able to combine the execution of practical and necessary duties with 
 sublimer theories and speculative research. He goes on to request his good 
 oftices for his friend Grosphus ; perhaps desiring for Iccius' own sake to en- 
 gage his feelings by new society, and by the opportunity of kind and useful 
 action. The letter ends with the last news of importance from the East. 
 
 5, 6. Taken from Theognis, 719, (verses quoted as Solon's, in the opening of 
 Plntarch's Life), — 
 
 1(tov Tot ttXovtovgiv, oto) ttoXvs apjvpos itfTlV 
 
 Kal c} tc\ diovTa TrdpaaTL 
 
 yacrTpi re koi\ -nXtvpais koh iroalv appa iraOeiv. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. xn. 211 
 
 7. In medio positorum abstemius, i. e. " abstaining from what is within your 
 reach." In medio positus is like the Greek Kel^evos iv /ueV<w, as in Demosih. c. 
 Phil. I. 7, (£>. 41), — ets to [x4aov Karadets. Id. c. Leptinem, xni. (p. 488^) Sce 
 Sat. I. II. 108, where the same phrase is used, and in opposition to fugientia. 
 
 8. JJrtica. Pers. vi. 69, — 'Mihi festa luce coquatur Urtica.' See Plin. N. H. xxt. 
 XV. 55. • (Some commentators interpret the word of a fish, referring to v. 21 ; 
 but there the two dishes are contrasted, not, as here, classed together. 
 Besides, the urtica marina was a delicacy). 
 
 ib. Ut, i. e. " although." 
 
 12. Cp. Cic. de Fin. V. XXIX. 87. This story is told of Anaxagoras by Plutarch, in 
 
 the Life of Pericles. 
 
 13. Peregre est ammus. Cp. o vovs fikv e|o>, Arist. Ach. 398. 
 
 14. Oum tu, etc. The sense is, — " You, wiser than Democritus, can amid engrossing 
 "business find time and thought for lofty speculations and scientific inquiry." 
 
 16. Quce mare, etc. ' Similes loci sunt, Virg. Geor. II. 475, sqq. ; Propert. IV. iv. 
 25.' [0.] 
 
 18. Premat obscurum. Virg. 2En. iv. 81, — ' Lumenque obscura vicissim Luna 
 
 premit.' 
 
 19. Concordia discors. Cp. Ov. Met. i. 430 — 433 : 
 
 ' Quippe ubi temperiem sumpsere humorque calorque, 
 ' Concipiunt, et ab his oriuntur cuncta duobus ; 
 c Cumque sit ignis aquas pugnax, vapor humidus omnes 
 ' Ees creat, et discors concoi^dia festibus apta est.' 
 Pope expresses the principle thus, — 'All Nature's dilTerence keeps all 
 Nature's peace,' Essay ou Man, iv. 56; and less concisely in his Windsor 
 Forest, — 
 
 'The world harmoniously composed : 
 ' Where order in variety we see ; 
 ' And where, though all things differ, all agree.' 
 So Ben Jonson, in Cynthia's Revels, Act V. Sc. n., — ' All concord's born of 
 contraries ' Burke applies it striking]y in his French Revolution (p. 81, 8vo. 
 edit.J, — You had that action and counteraction, which, in the natural and in 
 ' the political world, from the reciprocal struggle of discordant parties draws 
 1 out the harmony of the universe.' 
 
 20. Empedocles of Agrigentum, B. c. 450. See Lucret. I. 717, sqq. His doctrine 
 as to the elementary forces of 1'epulsion and attraction (vcIkos kq.\ QiAtu) is 
 thought to be alluded to in v. 19, and his (Pythagorean) prohibitions as to 
 diet in v. 20. 
 
 21. Seu pisces seu porrum, i. e. ' seu laute seu parce,' Schol. But it means more 
 probably — whether you follow the Stoics or Pythagoreans. [O.] points out 
 that fish were a common and cheap diet in Sicily. 
 
 ib. Trucidas. Cp. Ov. F. ni. 340, — ' Cssdenda est hortis eruta cepa meis.' 
 
 22. Ultro. Some take this with petet, and the two words are often joined. (See 
 Bowyer's note in Combe.J But it is better, with Obbar, to explain it, — " Let 
 " your favour be so free as it seems unsolicited, prompted as much by your 
 " own wish as his request." So Cic. ad Fam. xili. 29, — ' Omnia quas potui... 
 ' impetrare si petiissem, ultro te ad me detulisse putabo, si impetravero.' 
 
 27. Armenius cecidit. The history of these revolutions in Armenia and Parthia 
 may be seen in the opening chapters of Tacitus' Annals, Book n ; and in 
 Merivale, Vol. IV. Ch. xxxiv ; who finds au explanation of this and the next 
 line in the coins of this period, representing ' a trousered Pai'thian presenting 
 the emperor with a staudard ov a bow.' As Ovid says,— ' Parthe, refers 
 aquilas, victos quoque porrigis arcus.' Fast, v. 593, 
 
 2 d 2 
 
212 NOTES ON TIIE EPIBTLEB: WjOK I. EPIST xu, xm. 
 
 27. Jus imjirrhiniqvc. These words seem to belong to Ccworw ; "he submitted to 
 
 the authority of Cassar." Orelli cites,— ' Im jus ditionemque rocepii.' Liv. 
 XXI. 61; and 'imperia accipicntcs, Tac. llist. II. 19. 
 
 28. Genibus minor. Cp. ' Gcnua amplexus genibusque volutans,' Vvrg. JEn. in. 607. 
 
 EPISTLE XIII.— AD VINIUM ASELLAM. 
 
 Contains instructions for the presentation of a volume of pocms to Augnstus, 
 with some punning on thc name of Asella, who was to present it, and 
 humorous allusions to the awkward, importunate eagerness witli which would- 
 be authors thrust themselves upon the leisure, and claimed the patronagc of 
 the great. 
 
 (The epistle II. i. 214—231, as referred to in v. 3., contains a fine passage 
 illustrative of this subject.) 
 
 3. Cp. Ov. Trist. I. I. 92, (on the same subjcct) — 
 
 ' Si poteris vacuo tradi, si cuncta videbis 
 ' Mitia, si vires fregerit ira suas.' 
 So Cic. acl Fam. xi. 16, — 'Itaque ei prsecepi, quem ad to misi, ut tcmpus 
 ( observaret epistolae tibi reddendae. Nam quemadmodum coram, qui ad nos 
 ' intempestive adeunt, molesti saepe sunt, sic epistola) oflFendunt non loco 
 ' reddita?.' 
 8. Asinc2...cognomen. Cicero quotes a similar pun used by Scipio (when Censor, 
 142 B. c.) against Asellus. De Orat. n. 64, (258.) 
 
 10. Lamas, taken from a line of Ennius, — 
 
 ' Silyarum saltus latebras lamasque lutosas.' 
 
 11. Victor propositi=victis vice clifficultatibus. [G.] Cp. Virg. JEn. III. 440, — ' Sic 
 denique victor,' etc. 
 
 12. Sic.ne. Ne expresses, not a consequence, but a caution. 
 
 14. Glomus, acc. of glomus, -eris. The first syllable is long in Lucr. i. 360. 
 
 ib. Pyrrhia. Lachmann, on Lucr. VI. 971, condemns this form as corrupt, ' neque 
 Graecae neque RomanaB femina^ nomen.' Obbar, following a Scholiast's hint, 
 represents it as a made-up name, to signify 'femina rufa, russei coloris, 
 ' propter vivacitatem sic dicta. Apposite igitur vinosa.' Lucian (in Vit. Auct.J 
 has the masc. form Tlvppias, as a burlesque upon Pgrrlw, The masc. name 
 Byrrhia is in Terence's Andria. Pyrrhia is said by the Scholiast to be a 
 character in a play of Titinius. 
 
 15, Tribulis, i. e. " a country guest," invited by the condescension of a great man 
 in his own tribe. 
 
 EPISTLE XIV.— AD VILICUM SUUM. 
 
 Another eulogy of rural life, but varying in tone and style from the Tenth 
 Epistle, as being addressed to a person of inferior rank and different habits. 
 Horace sketches his own life and tastes (yv. 32 — 39) with good humour, and 
 reminds the bailiff that others would be glad to change with him ; but that 
 the rule best for all is to keep steady to the situation which they can best 
 fulfil. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. xiv, xv. 213 
 
 3. Quinque...patres, i.e. the tenant farmers on the estate, who would naturally 
 resort to Varia on business, or on market days. 
 
 ib. Variam, a country town, eight miles beyond Tibur, 011 the Via Valeria. So the 
 Schol. 
 
 4. Spinas. Cp Shakspeare, ' brakes of vice,' Meas. for Meas. Act n. Sc. 1. 
 
 8. Istuc, i. e. " where you are." So iste, v. 23. 
 
 9. Spatiis . . .claustra. A race term. 
 
 14. Mediastinus, " a drudge," in medio, i. e. " at any one's call; a slave of all work." 
 
 19. Tesca, or tesqua. A Sabine word for " wild waste country." 
 
 26. Et tamen, etc. " Yet your complaint arises from no want of occupation." 
 
 28. Strictis frondibus. Virg. Ecl. ix. 61, — ' Agricolas stringunt frondes.' This 
 gathering of leaves was called frondatio ; the gatherer, frondator. Virg. Ec. i. 57. 
 
 37. Obliquo oculo. Virg. JEn. XI. 337, — ' obliqna invidia.' "O/n/xari Ao££, Callim. 
 Ep. xxn ; where see Blomf. note. 
 
 38. Lirnat may mean here " impairs ;" prop. "files away ;" lima, "a file," A.P. 291. 
 
 Cp. limatior, Sat. I. x. 65. Lachmann (on Lvcr. iii. 11) supposes the word to 
 be chosen for the sake of a play upon its meaning, — ' Horatio ludere licuit 
 ' quasi limi oculi a lima dicerentur quemadmodum et Plautus ludit, cum dolum 
 ' dolari dicit.' On the " evil eye " (obliquo oculo,) see Bacon, Essay ix. opening 
 paragraph. 
 
 40. Cum servis, sc. urbanis, as implied in urbana. 
 
 43. Epliippia bos. Cicero, adAtt. v. 15, quotes this proverb in substance, — ' Clitellae 
 
 ' bovi sunt impositae.' 
 
 44. epSot tis *hv eicao-ros eloe'n) Texvnv. Arist. Vesp. 1431. ' Quam quisque norit 
 
 'artem in hac se exerceat.' Cic. Tusc. Qu. i. 18. 
 
 EPISTLE XV.— AD NUMOXIUAI YALAM. 
 
 A rambling letter of inquiry, whether Velia or Salernum has the most 
 attractions as a watering-place. Mention has been made before of winter 
 visits to the seaside (Epist. VII. 11,) and Baiao was the most fashionable 
 resort, but was now, by advice of Musa, and after adoption of the " water-cure," 
 to be given up. The character of Maenius is described (rv. 26 — 41) as 
 exemplifying (though upon a lower level of life, and by a somewhat coarse 
 parallel,) the writer's own power of contenting himself with a frugal, but of 
 relishing a sumptuous fare. 
 
 1. Quaz sit, etc. The governing clause is in v. 25. 
 
 ib. Velia, on the coast of Lucania, founded by the fugitive Phocseans. The Greek 
 name is 'TcAtj, Herod. i. 167. Another form is Elea, famous in philosophy for 
 the Eleatic school of Parmenides and Zeno. 
 
 ib. Vala. It is conjectured that he may be the same with Vala Numonius, lieu- 
 tenant of Varus, who, in the great defeat of A. D. 9, ' rode off with his 
 ' squadrons, in the vain hope of escapiug, by thus abandoning his comrades,' 
 (Creasi/s Battles, p. 194.) The date of this Epistle is set at B. c. 23, when 
 Musa's reputation was at its acme. Vala, if the above conjecture is well 
 founded, must have been very young then. and. as is implied in v. 46, wealthy. 
 
2M NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK L EPIST. xv. xvi. 
 
 1. Snhranui, now SaJerrw, in S. Campania, and snpplying tho modern name for 
 
 Sinus Pcestanus. 
 
 3. Antonius Musa, the physician, famons for his advocacy of cold watcr, and hia 
 succcss in trying it 011 Augustus. But cp. Plm. xjx. )JS. 
 
 5. Murteta, " the myrtle-grovcs." A place of curc for the invalid freqtLenters of 
 Baiae. Some natural exhalations rose there, which were oaed to forrn a kind 
 of dry vapour bath. These are probably the sulphura of v. 7, (sce Bentley's 
 note,) though others suppose sulphurous springs to bo meant. Compare Ov. 
 A. A. I. 256. 
 
 11. Cumas. Juv. III. 5, — ' Janua Baiarum est.' 
 
 12. Lo3va stomachosus habeiia. Compare this construction with E. II. II. 72. (See 
 
 also Wagner on Virg. Mn. iv. 517.) 
 
 13. Here ends the first parenthesis, from v. 2 ; a second begins in v. 16, and con- 
 
 tinues to v. 24. 
 
 14. Utrum populum, i. e. at Velia or Salernum. 
 
 24. Phceax, like one of Alcinous' court. Comp. Epist. I. II. 28. 
 
 27. Fortiter. [0.] compares Pers. vi. 21. 
 
 29. Impransus. Comp. Theocr. XV, 147, — wvrjp o|os airav, ireivuvTi 5e /xtjSc irorivQns. 
 
 31. Compare Arist. Equ. 248, — (pdpayya Ka\ XapvfiSiv apiray^s. 
 
 36. Lamna candente. Tbis was a familiar mode of torture. Cp. Cic. in Verr. V. 
 
 Lxin. 163, — ' Ignes candentesque lamminse ceterique cruciatus admovebantur.' 
 See also Propert. IV. VII. 35 ; Juv. XIV. 22. 
 
 37. Corrector Bestius, i. e. " he devoured his humble fare, and railed with the 
 " acrimony of Bestius against epicures." 
 
 39. Compare Arist. Vesp. 1268. 
 
 ib. Miror...si. So above, E. I. xit. 12 ; and again, E. I. xvu. 26 ; A. P. 424. 
 
 40. Comedunt bona, "eat up their estate." Sat. I. II. 8. (Cp. Juv. XI. 40.) 
 
 41. Volva. Juv. xi. 81. 
 
 42. Laudo, " I am content with." ®r\aaav rpdir^av aXvzaai. Eur. Alc. 2. 
 
 EPISTLE XVI.— AD QUIXCTIUM. 
 
 A description of the Sabine farm (vv. 1 — 16.) The moralist then passes on 
 to the sources of enjoyment, — real enjoyment, as distinguished from the show 
 of it, which relies on public opinion. This false show, the desire of standing 
 well with the public, is further traced and analysed in its love of flattery, its 
 acceptance of praise not justly its due fvv. 25 — 31.) If it is pleaded that this 
 is a natural liking (v. 32,) it must then be shown to be a weak and foolish 
 one (vv. 33 — 38.) He whose honour depends not on his own sterling merit, 
 but the public gift, subjects himself to mortification whenever that gift is 
 reclaimed ; he who is pleased with flattery, will be hurt by obloquy. The 
 worthlessness of such a character is then shown, and the confusion existing 
 in many minds between the love of goodness in itself, and the abstinence, 
 which circumstances enforce, from wickedness (w. 40 — 60.) Men of principle 
 feel that they have a post of honour to defend ; men of the contrary stamp 
 are renegades (v. 67,) fit only for mean and slavish employments. The free 
 and fearless independence of the good is illustrated, from the dialogue of the 
 tyrant Pentheus and his supposed prisoner, in the Bacchos of Euripides. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES: BOOK I. EPIST xvi. 215 
 
 1. Quincti. This may be the Q. Hirpinus of Carm. II. XI, but there is no means 
 of identifying him. 
 
 5. Ni dissocientur, " there is a range of hills, just broken by a valley." (See note 
 on Carm. II. xvn. 28.) 
 
 The farm stood upon the slope of a range of hills, intersected by a narrow 
 valley, running due north and south. — (For a complete description of the site, 
 its identification, and present features, reference must be made to the letter 
 de Villa Horatii, printed in the Life by Dean Milman.) 
 
 7. Vaporet. 'Non tam tepefaciat quum propria sign. vapore obducat, ut fit 
 
 ' vesperi sub cselo Italico.' Orelli. 
 
 9. This seems to mean hedges of wild cherry and sloe. The corna- are mentioned 
 Sat. II. II. 57. Comp. Virg. 2En. nr. 649, — ' Victum infelicem, bacas lapidosa- 
 ' que corna ;' and, in Geo. II. 34, they are said to be grafted on pruni. 
 
 15. Dulces etiam...amam&. Dulces expresses the poetfs own liking; amcence, the 
 charm of the landscape in itself. 
 
 17. Esse quod audis. Cp. JEsch. Sept. c. Theb. 592, — Ov yap 5oKe?v &pio-ros &AA' elvai 
 6<\ei. And compare the maxim of Socrates in Xen. Mem. II. vi. 39 ; and Cic. 
 de Off. II. xn. 43. 
 
 19. Ne cui...plusquam tibi. Cp. Cic. ad Fam. II. 7, — ' Nemo est qui tibi sapientius 
 ' suadere possit teipso Tecum loquere, te adhibe in consilium...' 
 
 19 — 24. These sentiments are drawn out at length in Persius, Sat. iv. 43 — 52 ; and 
 Sat. III. 98, sqq. . 
 
 23. Unctis, sc. 'jure et adipe,' Ov. A. A. m. 755. 
 
 27. Tene, etc. A fragment quoted from Varius. 
 
 35. Tristisque recedo. Lucr. iii. 995, — 
 
 ' Sisyphus in vita qnoque nobis ante oculos est, 
 ' Qui petere a populo fasces saevasque secures 
 ' Imbibit, et semper victus tristisque recedit.' 
 
 37. Contendat. Ov. Met. II. 855. 
 
 45. Persius, iv. 14, — ' Summa nequiquam pelle decorus.' 
 
 48. Corvos. Comp. the Gr. phrase, es KSpanas. 
 
 40. Frugi. Cp. Cic. Tusc. Qu. III. vm. 18; and IV. xvi. 36,— ' Ut jam proverbii 
 ' locum obtineret, hominem frugi omnia recte facere.' Cp. Sat. II. v. 77 — 81 , 
 where it may be translated " discreet, modest." Frugi was a cognomen of 
 Piso, Cos. 133, b. c, and his descendants : (=" a man of honour," Biog. Dict.J 
 The opposite to it is nequam= i: good for nothing." Cp Plaut. Most. 101, — 
 
 ' Nequam homo, indiligens instrenuos.' So Pliu. xix. 4, — ' Nequam esse 
 
 'matrem familias ubi indiligens esset hortus.' (See Hildyard's note on Plaut. 
 Men. 7, where facere nequiter=cessare, "to do nothing.") 
 
 51. Miluus. This is said by some to be the shining gurnard. But more weight 
 is due to the opinion of Orelli, who calls it 'piscis rapax ex doradum genere ;' 
 and, similarly, Doering supposes it to be a Corypha?na. These two names 
 indicate the same fish; it is of the mackerel family, the dolphin of the 
 ancients. It is one of the fishes, with the changes of whose colours, when 
 dying, the luxurious Pomans used to gloat their fancy. (Bohn's ed. of Cuvier, 
 p. 290.) Pliny (N. H. ix. 43) mentions the milvus and the hirundo as two 
 kinds of flying fish, but gives no description. The hirundo is supposed to be 
 one of the gurnards : they are common in the Mediterranean. Ovid (Halieut. 
 95) has, — ' nigro tergore milvi ;' where however Lachmann and Merkcl 
 read iuli. 
 
 52 — 54. Compare Cic. de Off. m. 8, sqq. ; from Plato, Rep. n, 3, (pag. II. 359.) 
 ~~, — kKwv d' avdyKas &rep 
 YiKaios ojv uvk &voA/3os ecrrai. 
 
210 NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPI8T. xvi, xvn. 
 
 54. Miscebis sacra profomis. Comp. Ccurm. I. xvm. 10. Thia phrase, for plnnging 
 into crime without restriction, may Ih> oompared with the Grreek travovpyos, 
 ■navovpyia. So in Vvrg. Qeor. 1.505, — 'Faa versom atqne oefas.' The Gfreek 
 oquivalonts for the two adjectives may be seen in Thue. n. 52, — is b\iycoplav 
 
 cTpdirovTO Ka\ Upcov na\ balcov. 
 
 57. Vir bonus (as in v. 40), so called according to the popular definition. For the 
 true vir bonus, see v. 73. 
 
 G0. Comp. Pcrs. II. 5, — 
 
 ' At bona pars procerum tacita libavit acerra : 
 ' Haud cuivis promptum est murmurque humilesque susurros 
 1 Tollere de templis, et aperto vivere voto ? 
 • Meus bona, fama, fidcs ; haec clarc et ut audiat hospes : 
 ' Illa sibi introrsum et sub lingua immurmurat.' 
 See the Merchantfs prayer to Mercury, in Ovid, Fast. v. 679 ; and cp. Eur. 
 El. 809, — TavavTi jJvxst' ov yeyooviaKWv \6yovs. 
 
 ib. Laverna. The tutelar goddess of thieves, hence called laverniones. The most 
 probable derivation proposed is that from AadeTv, or latere ; compare Donald- 
 son (in Varron. and Oratyhis) on Latinus and Laviaus, liber and iAevdepos, as 
 identical forms. 
 
 64. In triviis fixum. So Pers. V. 111, — 
 
 8 Inque luto fixum possis transcendere nummum.' 
 
 68. See Euripides, as quoted on S. I. I. 76. 
 
 67. Cp. Plato, Menex. 18, — wairep iv iro\e/jLW /xtj hefreiv tt/v t6\iv t)\v twv irpoy6vuv. 
 
 69. i. e. " If he is worthless as a man, he may yet be useful as a menial." 
 
 70. Pascat...aretque. Eur. El. 252, — aKacpevs tis 7) BovcpopB6s. 
 
 73. Pentheu, etc. Taken from Euripides, Bacchce, 492 — 498 : 
 etcp' oti iradeTv oeT, t[ /xe to beivbv ipydaei ; 
 
 elpKTalal t* evbov aco/xa aov (pvXd^o/xev. 
 
 Xvaei fx 6 ddi/xcov outos, oto.v iyco OeAco. 
 The intermediate lines are not adopted or translated by Horace. It is 
 observable that Euripides, in v. 641, as it were suggests this allegory, when 
 Dionysus says of himself, — irphs aocpov ydp dvbpbs daKeTv aucppov evopyr/aiav. 
 
 75. Bona. See Cic. Paradox. 1. 8. 
 
 79. Linea. The ca.lx, or chalk line at the end of the race course, as in the phrasc 
 *ad carceres a calce revocari.' Cic. d.e Sen. xxiii. Cp. Propert. iv. 2, — ' Haec 
 spatiis ultima creta meis.' Gr. ypa/x/x-f], Eurip. Antig. Fr. 13, — eV aKpdv 
 ^Ko/xev ypa/x/xrjv KaKcov. Cp. Cic. Tusc. I. VIII. 15. And so, but without the 
 race metaphor, Soph. Trach. 1170, — 
 
 ecpaaKe /xoxQcov toov icpeaTcoTcov i/xol 
 Xvaiv TeXelaQai, KaooKovv irpd^eiv KaKoos. 
 to 5' i\v dp' ovokv aWo ttKt}v QaveTv i/xe, 
 toTs ydp davovai /x6x@os ov -Kpoa^iyveTai. 
 
 EPISTLE XVII.— AD SOEVAM. 
 
 The subject here is (majoribus uti) intimacy with the great ;• a thing not 
 necessarily to be desired (vv. 6—10), yet not without its advantages of com- 
 fort and of influence (vv. 11, 12.) This point is argued out in the persons, 
 and by the examples, of Diogenes and Aristippus (vv. 13 — 32.) Real distinc- 
 tion implies merit (v. 33) ; so, in its degree, does success in raising oneself 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. xvn. 217 
 
 above one's equals. Some refrain from attempting to do so for fear of failnre, 
 some from consciousness of incapacity ; yet the prize, if gained, is worth 
 gaining (yv. 35 — 42.) In keeping up the position gained, modesty and dis- 
 cretion are required ; a temper obtrusive and querulous defeats itself 
 (v. 43, sqq.) 
 
 1. Scceva. An unknown person. 
 
 1—3. Cp. Cic. de Fin. III. n. 6. 
 
 6 — 11. Cp. Cic. d.e Off. i. 21, — 'Et facilior et tutior...vita est otiosorum; fructuo- 
 ' sior autem hominum generi et ad claritatem amplitudinemque aptior eorum 
 ' qui se ad rempublicam et ad res magnas gerendas accommodaverunt.' 
 
 6. Quies...somnus. Broken in upon at Rome by the early officia, as in Mart. XII. 
 
 LXVIII, — 
 
 Matutine cliens, urbis mihi causa relictae. 
 
 ' Otia me somnusque juvant quae magna negavit 
 
 ' Roma mihi.' 
 Or by business calls, as in Sat. I. I. 10. There is a tacit comparison in- 
 tended here, between living in a great city, and courting the society of great 
 men. 
 
 7. Cp. Ov. Nux, 87,— 
 
 * Non hominum strepitus audit non illa rotarum, 
 » ' N on a vicina pulverulenta via est.' 
 
 Gesner compares Umbricius' complaint, — 
 
 ' Nam quao meritoria somnum 
 
 ' Admittunt ? Magnis opibus dormitur in urbe.' 
 
 8. Caupona, i. e. the vicinity to a noisy tavern. 
 
 {b. Ferentinum, a town of the Hernici, on the Via Labiama. 
 
 10. It was the maxim of Epicurus, Aade 0ia>cras. Cp. ' Bene qui latuit bene vixit,' 
 
 Ov. Trist. III. iv. 25 ; and JEwip. Iph. in Aul. 17—19 : 
 ^r)A.w 8' avZp&u 6s aKivdvvov 
 fiiov e|e7repacr' ayvws aic\eris. 
 Cp. Lucian, Necyom. 21, 
 
 11. i. e. "To gain infiuence for your friend's sake or your own." 
 
 12. Siccus acl unctum. Properly perhaps of a guest coming "hungry to a feast." 
 
 (So 'unctius,' Epist. I. xv. 44; Ars P. 422.) Here, of a poor man to a 
 wealthy. A proverbial phrase, it may be. But cp. Ev.r. El. 239, (and Paley's 
 note.J 
 
 13. These lines are an " encounter of wits " between Diogenes and Aristippus, 
 
 (for a description of whom Lucian's BiW irpa.o~is, 8 — 12, may be referred to.) 
 20. 'Ittttos /j.€ cpepei, (3ao-iKevs fie Tpecpei — a Greek saying, attributed to an officer 
 
 serving with Philip of Macedon. 
 22. NulUus. Is this masculine or neuter ? The masculine makes the better an- 
 tithesis to dante minor. So [O.], who quotes Diog. Laert. vi. 55. Obbar 
 quotes Cic. Lcel. ix. 30, — * Ut nullo egeat.' 
 25. Duplici po.nno, — Snr\6ov eTfia crocpoio 
 
 Aioyevevs. Antipater, Epigr. 
 
 Cp. Milton's phrase in Comus, 707, — ' Budge doctors of the Stoic fur.' 
 
 33, 34. Cp. Juv. x. 133,— 
 
 ' Bellorum exuvias. . . 
 
 * Humanis majora bonis creduntur.' 
 35. Cp. Ter. Ad, Prol. 18, sqq. 
 
 ' Eam laudem hic ducit maxumam, quom illis placet 
 ' Qui vobis univorsis et populo placent,' 
 
 2 e 
 
218 NOTES ON TIIE EPISTLES i BOOK I. EPIST. xvii, xvm. 
 
 3G. Anothor Grock proverb, — ou iravrbs avopbs tls K6ptv6ov ta& b ir\ovs. 
 
 37. Cp. the story of Sir Walter Italeigh, and Quecn Elizabcth's rojoinder : 
 
 * Fain would I climb, but that I fear to fall.' 
 
 * If thy heart fail thee then, climb not at all.' 
 
 41, 42. i. e. " If thore is any reality in merit, then he who makes the trial has a 
 
 " right to claim the credit of success." 
 
 42. Experiens, sc. c qui omnia experitur.' Cic. pro Clu. vm. 13, — • A. Aurius vir 
 fortis et experiens.' C. Verr. III. xxi. 53 ; Ov. Met. xiv. 159. 
 
 45. Rerum caput, sc. 'plus ferre.' 'Verba distat...rapias per l-K^y^aiv inter- 
 posita sunt.' Orelli. 
 
 ib. Erat. Imperfect, for present tense. Gr. toOt' &p' ^v tKtivo, k.t.X. (So Ars 
 P. 19.) 
 
 49. Quadra, " a square " of a cake or loaf ; hence, " a share." Virg. 2En. vii. 114 ; 
 Juv. V. 2 ; Mart. IX. xci. 17 ; Seneca, Benef. iv. 29. 
 
 55. Refert. Cp. Tac. Ann. I. 26, — ' Easdem artes Drusum rettulisse.' 
 
 ib. Meretricis acumina. Cp. Plaut. Trucul. I. i. 32, sqq. ; Ib. Mostell. I. ill. 128 ; 
 Ov. A. A. i. 431, sqq. ; Mart. XI. l. 
 
 ib. Catellam. Dimin. of catena, as, from corona, corolla. Some take this as a 
 diminutive of catulus (cp. the masc, S. II. m. 259), " a pet dog ;" quoting 
 Mart. I. cx; III. Lxxxii; XIV. clxxxix; Prop. IV. iii. 55; Juv. vi. 654. 
 
 60. Osirim. An adjuration, betokening an Egyptian origin for these vagrants 
 (ir\dvoi) t or at least for many of them. 
 
 62. Rauca=ad ravim. — Schol. 
 
 EPISTLE XVIII.— AD LOLLIUM. 
 
 This epistle seems a sort of counterpart to the last. Though the friendship 
 of the great is worth having, it is not to be courted by a supple dereliction of 
 candour and honesty : nor again is a rude and slovenly manner to be adopted 
 as implying sincerity ; or freedom to be displayed by perpetual contradiction 
 (vv. 1 — 20.) Again, there should be no vying with the patron in expense, or 
 display, or vanity (yv. 21 — 30) ; nor prying into his secrets (v. 37) ; nor dis- 
 regard of his tastes and amusements (y. 39, sqq.) : he has a right to expect a 
 cheerful and ready sympathy in respect of them; and Lollius' sharing in 
 them is natural to his position, and acoordant with his former habits 
 (v. 52, sqg.) The interest will be mutual and repaid (v. 65.) Add to all 
 this, discretion in speech and in praise of others (v. 68, sqq.), congeniality of 
 temper (v. 89, sqq.J, constant self-improvement and study (v. 96, sqq.), 
 of the questions that concern and promote tranquillity of mind. These 
 questions the poet himself (v. 104, sqq.J, has partly answered, and this 
 tranquiility he has found in the undisturbed seclusion of bis Sabine home. 
 
 1. Liberrime. Cp. Sat. I. iii. 52 ; and the description of a scurra in Sat. I. iv. 
 
 87. The epithet, however, need not be restricted to the meaning " free- 
 
 spoken ;" it may express his real independence of character, the libertas mera, 
 
 which others only affected. 
 7. Tonsa cute, i. e. " a cropped head," sometimes the mark of an economist ; here 
 
 of a sloven, who is careless of appearances. Persius marks the Stoics as 
 
 ' d.etonsa juventus.' Sat. in. 54, 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES: BOOK I. EPIST. xvm. 219 
 
 9. This is the definition given by Aristotle, Eth. 11. 5, — %o~tiv &pa r\ ape-7-77 e|is 
 TrpoaiperiK^ iv /j.€0~6tt)ti ovo~a...U€0~6TT)s 8e 8vo KaKiwv ttjs ixkv Kaff v-repfio\-f)v, ttjs 
 5e kot' eWeupiv. (" Yirtue is a deliberate habit, lying in a mean, — a mean be- 
 tween two faults, one of excess, one of defect.") 
 
 ib. Utrimque reduetum, a phrase adopted from Lucret. V. 839. 
 
 13. Dictata, " his lesson." Cp. Ceesar's saying (given in Suetonius, J. Cces. 77), — 
 
 ' Sullam nescisse litteras qui dictaturam deposuerit.' 
 
 14. Beddere. Cic. N. D. I. xxvi. 72, — ' Ista a vobis quasi dictata redduntur, quaa 
 
 Epicurus oscitans alucinatus est.' 
 
 15. Lana...caprina, i. e. " any trifle." Cp. 6vov ir^Kas, Ar. Ran. 186; dpvidav -)d\a, 
 
 Vesp. 508 (" of rare things.") 
 
 18. Pretium cetas altera sordet. Engl. " not for the world." 
 
 19. Castor...Dolichos, gladiators of the day. 
 
 20. Minuci, al. Numici. Nothing is known of this road : it has been, upon con- 
 jeeture, ascribed to Minucius Augurinus, the famous jprcefectus annonce of B. c. 
 439. See the history, and his medal, in Biogr. Dict. 
 
 21. Dovmnosa, "ruinous." ' Yeneris damnosa voluptas,' Ov. Pont. I. x. 33. 
 
 22. Supra vires. Cp. Juv. 111. 180, — ' Hic ultra vires habitus nitor.' 
 25. Decem vitiis instructior, i. e. " ten times worse." 
 
 30. Arta...toga. Cp. e contr. Epod. iv. 8. So in Epist. I. xix. 13, exigua toga marks 
 
 the strict simplicity of Cato. 
 
 31. Eutrapelus. A name given to P. Yolumnius. Cp. Cic. ad Fam. vn. 32, who 
 compliments him on the evTpair€\ia of his letters. See Trench's Synomjms, in 
 voc. €VTpane\ta. 
 
 35. Nummos al. pascet, " he will borrow money." Cp. Pers. V. 149, — 
 ' TJt nummi quos hic quincunce modesto,' 
 
 (i. e. at 5 per cent.) 
 ' Nutrieras, pergant avidos sudare deunces.' 
 (i. e. 11 per cent.) See note on Sat. I. 11. 14 
 The meaning of the metaphor is, that usury gives growth and increase to 
 the principal; [0.] compares Arist. Pol. I. III. 23, — 6 t6kos ai/Tb (sc. rt> 
 v6ixio-fxa) iToiet -n\4ov. So Aristoph. Nubes, 1286. Compare Shdkesp. Merchant 
 of Ven. Act I. Sc. 111 : 
 
 * Is your gold and silver ewes and rams ? ' — 
 ' I cannot tell : I make it breed as fast.' 
 Vivum is used by Cicero (pro Flacc. 37) as a term for " capital." Conductus is 
 used for " borrowed " in Sat. I. 11. 9. 
 
 41. Amphionis atque Zethi. See Eurip. Antiopa, Fr. 25. 
 
 47. Inhumance, " unsociable." Contra3t humanitatem, Cic. de Orat. 1. 7, (27) ; and 
 humanissime, Cic. ad Fam. xvi. 21, 
 
 ib. Senium, " moroseness." Cp. Epod. xin. 5, senectus. Gesner comp. Epist. II. 
 II. 82, — ' insenuitque libris.' 
 
 53. Clamore. Cp. * clamore secundo,' Virg. 2En. v. 491. 
 
 ib. CoroncB, " the ring of spectators," as in Virg. Mn. ix. 508 — 551 ; as also in Ars 
 P. 381. Cp. Pind. 01, Ix. 93, — BiripxeTo kvk\ov oao~a fioa. 
 
 54. ScEvam militiam, "real warfare," as opposed to the games of the Campus 
 
 Martius (prozlia campestria.) 
 
 57. Siquid abest, " if there is anything yet unconquered." Cp. Ov. A. A. 1. 177,— 
 ' Ecce parat Caesar domito, quodj defuit, orbi 
 ' Addere.' 
 
 2 e 2 
 
220 NOTE8 OX TUE EPIQTLE8: BOOK I EPI8T. xvm. 
 
 57. , ; . e. " makes over to, reduccs under, thc powor of Rome." Thc veib 
 
 ia more properly a synonym of . /.'. II. i. 8, and uscd of determining 
 
 disputed territories. [O.] quotes Cic. de Off. I. x. 3:*. 
 
 58. Ac, ne. Theso two particles aro closely and propcrlv joincd togcthor. See E. 
 
 I. I. 13 ; I. XIX. 26; II. I. 208. [O&fcar.] 
 
 59. Eiira numerv.m. . .modv.mqv.e ; lit. " out of timo and tune," i. e. unbecoming. Cp. 
 
 Gr. ■7r\r)/j./x€\^s, ir\r)/j.fxe\eu. Cp. tho contrary phrase, innumerura {=" keeping 
 time,") as in Vvrg. G. iv. 175. 
 
 64. Alterutrum. Hom. II. v. 303, — erepoiai oe kvScs eSwKav. 
 
 66. Utroque...pollice, i. e. " heax-tily." Cp. Juv. in. 36, — ' verso pollice ; ' the 
 thumb being popularly used to express decision for or against : (' Polliccs 
 cum faveamus premere etiam proverbio jubemur.' Plin. N. H. xxvin. n. 5.) 
 
 71. Volat. errea mepoevra. Cp. Plaut. Amph. I. I, 169, — 
 
 ' Vox mihi ad aures advolavit. Nae ego homo infelix fui, 
 ' Qui non alas intervelli : volucrem vocem gestito.' 
 
 72. Non...ulceret. In this construction (cp. non sileas, in 8. II. v. 91) non appears 
 
 to diifer from ne in direct prohibitive force. It is, in Obbar's words, ' lenior 
 adhortatio, et veluti optantis non jubentis.' So in Virg. 2En* xu. 78, — ' Xon 
 Teucros agat ;' it expresses more of statement than dictation=" he need not 
 lead." Cp. Geor. i. 45. 
 
 78. Tradimus. Cp. the full phrase in Cic. ad Fam. vii. 5, — ' Hominem tibi trado de 
 
 ' manu, ut aiunt in manum tuam ' " Cp. Theognis, 963, — 
 
 Mr) 7tot' iTraiveaaris irp\v av elSrjS &vSpa cracpnvus, /c.t.A. 
 
 82. Dente Theonino, i. e. ' maledico dente,' from one Theon, notorious for the 
 virulence of his language. 
 
 84. Cp. Virg. JEn. n. 311, — ' Proximus ardet Ucalegon.' The plirase became 
 proverbial (as may be seen in Juv. III. 169.) Obbar quotes Ov. P. Am. 625, — 
 ' Proximus a tectis ignis defenditur segre.' 
 
 87. Tu dum, etc. Soph. Philoct. 504, sq. 
 
 88. Mutata aura. Cp. the metaphor Carm. I. v. 6 ; and Gh-ay's Bard, — 
 
 ' Fair smiles the morn, and soft the zephyr blows, 
 ' While, proudly riding o'er the azure reahn, 
 * In gallant trim the gilded vessel goes. 
 
 ' Eegardless of the sweeping whirlwind's sway,' &c. 
 91. The genuineness of this verse is more than doubtful. Many MSS. omit it. 
 The Scholiasts either do not notice it, or supply a nominative case in place of 
 it to oderunt. If genuine, potores bibidi is a rare phrase for " soakers." De 
 nocte is not without its difficultv ; the conjecture de luce would accord with 
 Sat. II. viii. 3. 
 
 ib. Media de nocte. Hand. Tursell. XI. p. 205, — ' Significat per medAoz noctis tempv.s.' 
 [O.] Is this accurate ? Is not Bentley more correct when he says, ' Nimirum 
 ' media de nocte fit, non quod eo usque producitur, sed quod tum primum 
 ' incipitur ? ' Cp. de luce, Gr. rjcHOev, " from," i. e. " at daybreak." The phrase 
 ' de nocte occurs S. II. in. 238 ; E. I. II. 32 ; I. vn. 88. 
 
 93. Nocturnos . . .vapores, " feverishness at night." See Epool. iii. 15. Tepores is the 
 reading of the majority of MSS., and, if genuine, must be explainedper litoten. 
 See Obbar's note. But Orelli is probably right in regarding it as a gloss upon 
 vapores. 
 
 94. Nubem, i. e. " gloom," as in Eur. Hippol. 173, — arvyvov 5' ocppvwv ve<pos 
 
 av^dverat. 
 
 95. Obscuri, " designing," as in Cic. de Off. III. Xin. 12. 
 98. Sempcr inops, " never satisfied." 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. xvm, xix. 221 
 
 99. Mediocriter utilium. The a8id<popa of the Stoics, — " things indifferent." 
 
 100. This was a frequent snbject of argument, — ei SiSaKrbv r) aperri ; Cp. Eur. 
 Suppl. 913. See Eur. Hipp. 79,— oaris SiSanTov uwStv dAA.' iv rrj tpvcrei rb 
 eroocppovelv tfXiqxev (and Monk's note.) Ib. Suppl. 913, — r) 8' svavSpia StSa/CToV, 
 k. t. A. Thucyd. I. 121 affirms & %xo/j.€v cpverei ayaObv iKtivoLS ovk av yivoLTo 
 Siddxy. Bnt with the Greeks this question involved social and political con- 
 siderations j for an account of which, as foreign to the mention of the subject 
 here, see Donaldsoris instructive note on Sopli. Antigone, 714. 
 
 102. Honos an . . .lucellum, i. e. " rank or riches." 
 
 103. Juv. X. 363,— « Semita certe 
 
 ' Tranquillae per virtutem patet unica vitae.' 
 
 104. Me reficit. Cp. Juv. iii. 319, — 
 
 ' Et quotiens te 
 ' Eoma tuo refici properantem reddet Aquino.' 
 
 105. Mandela,. Supposed to be the same with the modern village Bardela : it 
 stands in a bleak situation, between two valleys. 
 
 107. Mihi vivam. Eur. Ion, 658, — %a 5' £uavT$ (fjv. 
 
 EPISTLE XIX.— AD MJ3CENATEM. 
 
 A caustic reflection upon the faults of imitators, who as often copy the 
 defects as the merits of those whom they profess to admire. Some who are 
 authors fall into the drinking maxims of Cratinus. Others assume the garb 
 of Cato, who are far from his manly force of character. Horace, now that he 
 has become famous, is pestered with such blind admirers. 
 
 Far different had his own career been (v. 21, sqq.J : he had struck out for 
 himself a fresh untrodden track, and introduced into Italy the great models 
 of Grecian lyric poetry ; but detraction pursued him, because he took no pains 
 to win the popular ear or the favour of critics, and because he would not 
 descend to public displays in competition with any rivals. 
 
 3, Aqv.ee potoribus. Cp. the jest in Dem. F. L. li. p. 355, — o£>8ej> QavfxacrTbv /nri 
 Tavra i/uLol Kal Arj/JLoadiveL SoKelv ovtos piev yap v5ap, iyu Se olvov rrivw. 
 
 6, e.g. HioA, |. 261, and the epithets, p.(\l(ppova, /^ej/oet/cea. 
 
 8. Puteal. (Cp. Ars P. 471, — bidental.) It was the resort of money-changers, — 
 ' Qui Puteal, Janumque timet, celeresque Calendas.' Ov. R. Am. 561, 
 
 11. Patere diumo. Cp. Lucian, D. Conc. 4, — d/cpdTou ea>6ev a-Ko-Kvkwv. 
 
 13. Cicero mentions Servilius as Catonis ozmulator (ad Att. II. 1.) M. Favonius 
 
 was nick-named (see Biogr* Dict.) " the ape " of Cato. 
 
 14. Cp. Cic. de Off. I. xxxix. 9, — ' Luculli virtutem quis ? at quam multi villarum 
 magnificentiam imitati sunt ;' and Tacit. Ann. XVI. xxn. 2. 
 
 15. Iarbitam. A name (or nick-name) denoting one of Moorish descent ; as if 
 
 from the Iarbas of Virg. 2En, iv. 196. The Scholiast gives Cordus as the real 
 name of the person intended ; and this is conjectural]y identified with the 
 Codrus of Virgil, — ' Invidia rumpantur ut ilia Codro.' Ecl. vn. 26. 
 
 ib. Rupit. This is understood by some of the bursting of a blood-vessel, followed 
 by death. It may be more naturally taken in the same sense as rwnyperis, 
 
222 NOTES ON THE EPISTLES: BOOK I. EPIST. xix, xi. 
 
 Sat. I. Iii. 136 ; and Cicero's 'dirupi me paone,' ad Fam. vn. 1. (quoted by 
 Orelli) ; or even of "bursting with jcalousy," as in Virgil's line. Cp. Cic. ad 
 Fam. XII. 2, — ' Plausu dirurapitur.' 
 
 15. Timagenis. The gen. case is governcd by amula, i. e. w his rivalry of 
 Timagenes." 
 
 18. Exsangue, " making bloodless," i. e. " pale." Cp. ' pallentis grana cumini,' 
 Pers. S. v. 55. See also Juv. vn. 97, and Mayor's note. 
 
 21. Per vacuum. Call. Ep. Vin. 1. — naOapriv 6d6v. Cp. Ib. Fragm. 293. 
 
 28. i. e. The later poets, Sappho and Alcseus, retained the metre of Archilochus, 
 though applying it to other subjects> and with a diflferent order or form of 
 verse. 
 
 32. Hunc, so. Alcceum. 
 
 34. Ingenuis. Cp. Sat. I. x. 76, and the enumeration there, vx\ 81 — 87. Compare 
 Milton's — ' Fit audience find, though few.' P. L. vn. 31. 
 
 37. Non ego, i. e. " I flatter neither plebs nor nobiles." 
 
 ib. Ventosce. Cp. Cic. ad Fam. II. 6, — ' Ventorum (i. e. " the fickle elements ") quos 
 proposui moderator...' 
 
 38. Invpensis. Cp. Pers. I. 53. 
 
 39. Ultor, i. e. " revenging myself, by reciting in my turn." Cp. impune, Ep. II. 
 II. 105 ; and Juv. 1. 1, — ' Semper ego auditor tantum ? numquamne reponam V 
 Orelli cp. Cic.pro Cluent. 51, (141.) 
 
 41. Hinc illas lacrimce, — a proverb. Ter. And. I. I. 99. 
 
 42. Nugis addere pondus, Cp. Pers. V. 19, — 
 
 ' Bullatis ut mihi nugis 
 ' Pagina turgescat dare pondus idonea fumo.' 
 
 43. Jovis, i. e. Augusti. (Sat. II. VI. 52.) 
 
 44. Manare, with acc. case, as in Ov. Met. vi. 312 ; Lucr. V. 262. 
 ib. Mella. Cp. Lucret. i. 947, — 'quasi Musa3o...melle.' 
 
 EPISTLE XX.— AD LIBRTJM SUUM. 
 
 With this epistle the poet closes his first book, and sends forth the volume 
 into the world, addressing it allegorically as a person stirred by ambition, 
 and wearied of the calm retirement and security of home. Yet he prophesies 
 for it a wide reception, and bids it finally take forth and publish, to many a 
 gathering concourse, the outlines of his likeness and character. 
 
 1. Cp. Ov. Trist. I. 1, sqq. t — ' Parve, nec invideo, sine me, liber, ibis in urbem.' 
 ib. Vertumnum Janumque, i. e. one of the bookselling vicinities. 
 
 2. Ut prostes, "that you may be exposed for sale." 
 ib. Pumice. Cp. Catull. I. 1, — 
 
 ' Libellum 
 ' Arida modo pumice expolitum.' 
 Tb. xxii. 6 ; and Mart. I. cxvn. 14. The parchments on the outer side were 
 polished by the booksellers, for the sake of ornament and of smoothness to 
 the touch. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK I. EPIST. xx. 223 
 
 5. Descendere, sc. c in Forum loco humili sitnm.' Cp. Cic. de Pet. Cons. I. 2. [O.] 
 See E. II. i. 269, — f deferar in vicum,' -where the same street (Tuscus vicus) 
 is intended, as in v. 1 here, by the reference to the statue of Vertumnus. 
 
 11. Contrectatus. Cp. Mart. VIII. Iii. 4, — ' Teritur noster ubique liber.' ■ Verbo 
 per dilogiam utitur, cf. Tac. Ann. Xiv. 35.' [0.] 
 
 17. Cp. Juv. tii. 225,— 
 
 ' Totidem olfecisse lucernas 
 1 Quot stabant pueri, cum totus decolor esset 
 ' Flaccus, et hasreret nigro fuHgo Maroni.' 
 
 19. i. e. " When the evening sun has collected an audience for you." It is im- 
 plied that evening was the time for poetic readings. Orelli compares Mart. 
 IV. vhi. 7 j X. xix. 18. 
 
 24. Prcecanum, i. e. ' ante tempus canum.' Schol. 
 
 26. The double accusative after percontor is a rare usage, and noticed as such 
 in Madvig, Gr. 228, 1. 
 
Q. HORATI FLACCI EPISTOLAEUM 
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 
 
 The opening address is to Augustus, who is said by Suetonius to have com- 
 plained that he was not mentioned in the Satires. He is classed with heroes, 
 benefactors of antiquity, and contrasted with them in having his merits 
 rightly judged, and in receiving homage due, even in his life-time. This intro- 
 duces the proper subject of the epistle, in which complaint is made of the 
 unreasoning eulogies passed on ancient poets, and of the neglect of con- 
 temporary and modern authors (v. 21, sqq.J These old favourites are 
 enumerated, and the fashionable opinion of them severally is cited (vv. 50 — 
 62) ; the depreciation of the new generation is reasoned on, and traced to 
 jealousy (vv. 63 — 89.,) The love of novelty is then examined as a principle 
 (vv. 90 — USJ ; the turn it has taken at Eome in favour of literary habits is 
 described; its harmlessness (v. 119, sqq.J, and its services to education (vv. 
 126-130J and to religion (vv. 132 — 138) are set forth, and then an outline of 
 the rise of satiric and scenic composition (v. 139, sqq.J 
 
 Next, in scanning the defects of Eoman authorship, these are traced, not to 
 a want of spirit or invention, but of study and finish (v. 165J ; sometimes 
 to a mercenary haste (v. 17 5. J But even the more ambitious poets meet 
 with poor encouragement (vv. 182 — 207J from the public. For poets who are 
 contented to be simply read (v. 214.J there is patronage, and that as 
 deservedly (v. 229) as freely and judiciously bestowed (v. 245 .J But upon 
 this they are foolish to presume (vv. 219 — 228J ; and if they claim it without 
 merit, they are ridiculous, and their trash, as it must be unacceptable, 
 deserves only to be thrown away. 
 
 (This Epistle and the next are included in the Imitations of Horace by 
 Pojpe.) 
 
 EPISTLE I.—AD AUGUSTUM. 
 
 3, 5, 10, 16. With this opening eulogy, and its continuation in vv. 251 — 256, 
 compare generally the Odes Y. and xv. of lib, iv, adding III. iii. 9 — 16, where 
 these same heroes are celebrated in a like connection or comparison with 
 Augustus. 
 
 5. Cp. Ov. Am. III. vm. 51,— 
 
 ' Qua licet, affectas (sc. hominum Natura) cselum quoque ; templa Quirinus, 
 1 Liber et Alcides, et modo Cassar, habent.' 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK II. EPIST. i. 225 
 
 7. Colunt, i.e. "iniprove and civilize." The growth of civilization is here 
 attributed to human benefaotors, subsequently deified ; to bards, inspired 
 interpreters of the gods, in A.P. 391 — 400 ; to the introduction of language, 
 in Sat. I. iii. 103.; as by Cicero to Eloquence and to Philosophy (see the 
 references and quotations there made.) 
 
 8. Componunt...condunt. These verbs are joined together in E. I. i. 12. This 
 passage may serve to distinguish them ; the first means chiefly " to combine, 
 adjust, reconcile ;" the second, " to found and build up." 
 
 11. Portenta. Lucret. V. 37. 
 
 13. Urit...pro3gravat, " dazzles and depresses." This mixture of metaphors has 
 caused difficulty here, as in Ars P. 4.41. 
 
 ib. Artes infrase, i. e. " inferior excellence." Cp. Eur. Fr. Beller. 5, — eis rairio-q^a 
 8' 6 (pdovos TrvSav <pi\e?. 
 
 14. With the sentiment, comp Carm. III. xxiv. 31 ; and Ov. Am. I. XV. 39 ; and 
 
 Thucyd. II. 45, — (pBovos jap rols £cDcrt rrpbs rb avriiraXov' rb Se jti^ iuiroSkv 
 avavraycavicrrcp evvota reri/x-qrat. 
 
 15. Proesenti, etc. Ov. Trist. iv. 10, — ' Tu mihi, quod rarum est vivo, sublime 
 
 ' dedisti Nomen.' 
 
 24. Bis quinque viri, "the Decemvirs." 
 
 26. Yolumina vatum. Livy, xxv. 12, quotes two specimens of these ancient 
 propheties, composed by the seer Marcius. The extracts are said to be in 
 Saturnian metre, and slightly modernised in form (' paulum immutata,' Or.) 
 The Delphin Ed. ingeniously transmutes them into hexameters. 
 
 27. " That the Latin Muses dictated them ;" i. e. that they have the spirit of true 
 poetry. Cp. ' Musas ipsas Latine loqui credas,' Plin. Epis. II. 13. 
 
 31. The sense is, — " To argue that what is true of the Greeks must be true of the 
 " Romans, is as absurd as to say that, if an olive is the hardest inside, so is the 
 " nut ; if the nut has a shell, sb has the olive." (Some take it merely as a 
 proverb, expressing the denial of a manifest truth.) 
 
 32. Venimus, etc* So ' venit ad summum,' Cic. Tusc. Qu. iil. (speaking of eloquence.) 
 
 Cp. the Greek phrase, iir) rb tt\(ov 'liceo, Theocr. I. 20. The sense is, — " We 
 " must go on to assert that we have reached the height of perfection." 
 
 33. TJnctis. Hui-d interprets this to mean " assiduous :" in its common sense, it 
 may simply answer to luctamur. 
 
 38. Excludat jurgia finis. Cp. Pers. Sat. vi. 80, — 
 
 ' Depunge ubi sistam 
 ' Inventus, Chrysippe, tui finitor acervi.' 
 Here the arguer'venit ad soritas ' (Cic. Acad. n. 28), 'lubricum sane et- 
 ' perieulosum locum ' (i. e. the mode of argument called sorites, a slippery 
 treacherous ground for an arguer to take.) For (Ib. cap. xxix, 'rerum na- 
 'tura nullam nobis dedit cognitionem finium, ut ulla in re statuere possimus 
 ' quatenus ;' (i. e. reasonings upon things, in their nature relative, admit of no 
 determinate standard, as in questions whether a person 'dives, pauper, clarus, 
 obscurus sit ; multa, pauca,' etc.) Therefore, when Horace's opponent con- 
 sents to lay down a finis, or fixed absolute standard, ' cadit ratione acervi,' 
 (v. 47) his reasoning fails, baffled by the soritic process ; or, fails to pieces, 
 like the heap from which successive grains are withdrawn. (The sorites is 
 thus defined, cap. XVI, — ' Cum aliquid minutatim et gradatim additur aut 
 ' demitur, soritas hoc vocant.') 
 
 45. Caud(B...equincB. There is thought to be an allusion here to the story of 
 Sertorius in Pluto/rch's Life, xvi. 
 
 40. Et item unum. This is Orelli's reading, after Bentley ; he says, ' Yidetur 
 sermonis quotidiani esse.' Etiam nnv/m (a phrase found in Terence, and Pers. 
 Sat. VI. 58) he supposes to be ' ex glossemate corruptela.' 
 
 2/ 
 
220 
 
 NOTES ON THE EPISTLES: BOOK II. EPIST. i. 
 
 51. Leviter curare videtwr, " praised as he is, he carcs little whetber hia works sus- 
 i; Lain his charactcr;' i. e. he is a careless cornposcr. 
 
 52. Somnia Pyth. Ennius drcamcd that the soul of Homcr had (according to thc 
 
 Pythagorean doctrine of transmigration) passed into him. So Pcrs. Yi. 10, — 
 
 ' Cor jubet hoc Enni postquam destertuit esse, 
 (i. e. " left ofFdreaming that he was," ctc.) 
 * MaBonides, Quintus pavone ex Pythagoreo.' 
 
 5G. Docti...alti, "one has repute forlearning, one for lofty thought." So Quintilian, 
 X. I. 97, — ' Virium Accio plus tribuitur, Pacuvium videri doetiorem...volunt.' 
 Persius, i. 76, mentions these two with the satiric epithcts of venosris and 
 verrucosus. Ovid calls Accius ' animosigue Accius oris,' Am. I. xv. 19 ; and 
 ' atrox,' Trist. n. 359. (Docti, alti, have been interpreted of Sophocles and 
 Euripides, oddly enough.) 
 
 58. Properare. Cp. Ars P. 148, — ' Semper ad eventum festinat.' It is thought to 
 express a liveliness of plot and style, by which the interest is kept up 
 throughout. 
 
 Orelli doubts if there could have been any other point of comparison or 
 resemblance between these two poets. Plautus no doubt took, as his avowed 
 models, the writers of the New Comedy ; see his Prologue to the Asinarin. — 
 * Demophilus scripsit, Maccius vortit barbare ; ' and his Prologue to the 
 Trinummns, — ' Philemo scripsit,' etc. Compare the (spurious) Froll. Bacchides, 
 Casina, 32 ; and Terence's Prologue to the Adelphi. 
 
 But the general character of the New Comedy was perhaps traceable and 
 traced to Epicharmus. The cast of his satire, unlike the Aristophanic, was 
 moral, social, non-political, often mythological : it was also noted for the in- 
 troduction of a new character, regularly adopted in the Latin drama, — the 
 Parasite. It is a suggestive fact, that the rise of the Latin drama followed 
 hard upon the first acquaintance of the Komans with Sicily. The plot of the 
 Msn&chmei (Prol. v. 12,) Sicilicissitat : Ennius wrote a poem entitled 
 Epicharmus : from these indications we may infer in what direction this 
 early Roman literature was drawn ; and the judgment of the critics here 
 referred to by Horace may mean simply that Epicharmus first (to use 
 Dunlop's words, History of R, Literature, vol. i. p. 65) 'composed dramas on 
 ' that regular, elaborate plan, which was reckoned worthy of imitation by 
 ' Plautus.' 
 
 io. Epicharmus of Cos, born b. c 540, died 450: he resided in Sicily, at Megara, 
 and, after the destruction of that city, at Syracuse, in the courts of Gelon and 
 Hiero. His plays are supposed to have combined the character of the old 
 Megarian comedy (see Arist. Vesp. 57, sqq.) with gnomic and philosophical 
 discourses. 
 
 61, ITabet hos numeratque : 
 
 Livius Andronicus first exhibited 
 
 Nsevius fiourished 
 
 Plautus 
 
 Ennius was brought to Rome 
 
 Pacuvius and Caecilius flourished 
 
 Terence was born 
 
 Accius ,. 
 
 Lucilius „ 
 
 Afranius flourished 
 
 Atta {v. 79) died . 
 
 62. 
 
 68. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 240 
 235 
 
 220 
 204 
 200- 
 195 
 170 
 148 
 100 
 78 
 
 170 
 
 TAvi ...ab aavo. Cicero (Tusc. Qu. I. 1) says, ' Serius poeticam nos accepimus. 
 ' Annis enim DX. a.u.c Livius fabulam dedit...anno ante natum Ennium.' 
 
 Jove ..cequo. 
 
 Srhol. 
 
 e. " with sound judgment." ' Jove irato fit ut errent homii 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK II. EPIST. I. 227 
 
 71. Orbilium. Orbilius Pupillus, of Beneventuni ; he had served in the army, and 
 with distinction : ' corniculo, mox equo meruit,' (Sueton. de Gramm. 9.) llo 
 settled in Eome b. c. 63, as a professor of literature, and obtained reputation 
 and infiuence. He seems to have entered keenly into Kterary contests, a3 
 well as vindications of his profession. He published a book, the title of which 
 is corrupt in Suetonius, but is given by Walckn. as UepiaKyqs, le sovjfre-douleur, 
 in which he brought forward the injustice of parents towards school-masters. 
 After his death a marble statue was raised to him in his native town. 
 
 73. Decorum, appropriate." Cp. decor, Ars P. 157. 
 
 75. Ducit venditque, "makes way and sale for." For vend.it, comp. Juc. vn. 150, — 
 
 ' Purpura vendit 
 ' Causidicum, vendunt amethystina.' 
 (i. e. " A showy appeai-ance makes him go off=recommends him.") 
 
 79. i. e. " Whether it deserves to be brought on the stage." 
 ib. Crocum. Lucret. II. 416; Ov. Art. Am. 1. 104. 
 
 80. Clament periisse. Pers. v. 103, — 
 
 ' Exclamet Melicerta perisse 
 
 ' Frontem de rebus ' 
 
 82. Gravis, i. e. " the tragic actor." Doctus. Cp. Cicero's eulogy of Eoscius, de 
 Orat. 1. 28, (130) ; and pro Archia, 8, (17.) 
 
 86. Jam, "again." SoIio J re...carmen. ' Saliorum carmina vix sacerdotibus suis 
 *satis intellecta.' — Quintil. I. vl. 40. For the Salii, see Carm. I. xxxvi. 
 12. Their institution by Numa is related in Livy, 1. 20. 
 
 93. Cp. Virg. 2En. I. 291, — ' Aspera tum positis mitescent ssecula bellis.' 
 
 ib. Nugari ..in vitium...labier, i.e. " to allow of lighter studies and relaxation of 
 ancient strictness." Obs. the correspondence of metaphor in lo.bi with orquv.s. 
 
 95. Athletarum. These are denounced by Euripides, Fr. Autolyc. 1. 
 
 97. Suspend.it. The same metaphor is used for attentive listening, — » 
 'Pendet...narrantis ab ore,' Virg. 2En. IV. 79. 
 
 100. Mature plena, " soon satisfied." Cp. Eurip. Hvpp. 184, — 
 Toxi/ yap acpdWci KOvSevl x ai P €ls > 
 ovde cr' apiarKti rb irapbv, rb S' d7TQ»' 
 <j>i\rzpov T}ye7. 
 
 103. Romce dulce...et sollemne, i.e. the favourite and regular habits of the Roumns 
 were those of business. 
 
 105. CoMtos...rectis, i. e. " guarded by good security." These are technical and 
 lcgal terms, In Plirvy. Ep. X. lxii. 2, — ' Ut recte reipublicae co.veo.nf is, " thcy 
 must give full secuvity to the state." Cavere with acc. is " to guarantee ;" 
 cautio, " a bond, or security." The use of rectis may be illustrated from 
 Shakesp. Merch. of Ven. Act I. Sc. 111. : ' ShyJoclc. Antonio is a good man. Bass. 
 ' Have you heard any imputation to the contrary ? Shylock. Oh, no, no ! my 
 ' meaning, in saying he is a good man, is, to have you understand me that he is 
 * sufficient.' A word of opposite meaning is levis, see A. P. 423. Certis is a 
 various reading, but only woi'th notice for a cantion against confoundiug it in 
 meaning with this phrase. Cic. pro P. Quinctio, xt, — ' Certis nominibus, 
 ' grandem pecuniam debuit ;' sc. ' propter certas causas.' 
 
 110. Dictant. This should mean, as in v. 71, and S. I. x. 75, " recite or dictate, as 
 a lesson to be learnt." And so [O.], — ' Tam graviter alta voce recitant quasi 
 ' a convivis calamo excipienda essent.' Dillenburger and others intei*pret it 
 simply and plausibly, " dictate to their amanuenses," i. e. " compose." So tlie 
 verb is used by Persius, 1. 51, — 
 
 ' Non si qua elegidia crudi 
 ' Dictarunt proceres ? non quidquid deuique lectis 
 ' Scribitur in citreis ' ? Also by Ovid, Trist. III. 111. 86. 
 
 111. Cp. Xen. Mem. III. V 21,- — oi>x bp5.s ori KiOapiarwv /xev Ka\...ovb'e eh ewi^etpei 
 
 &PX* lu fih i^ford/.uvos...ru;v 8e orparnyojv 01 ttAuotoi avToo-x*$id£uvo~u 
 
 2 f 2 
 
228 VfOTES ON THE EPI&TLE8 : BOOK II. /.77,sT, r. 
 
 Pcrsius goes into fchifl argument, Sat. v. 97, — 
 
 1 Ne liceat faccre hoc quod quis vitiabit agendo. 
 
 1 Publica lex hominum naturaque continct hoc fa.s, 
 
 ' Ut teneat vetitos inscitia dcbilis actus. 
 
 ' Diluis elleborum certo compesccre puncto 
 
 1 Nescius examen ? Vetat hoc natura rnedendi. 
 
 ' Navem si poscat sibi peronatus arator 
 
 ' Luciferi rudis, exclamet,' etc. 
 
 114. Abrotonum, "southcrnwood." I have marked habrotonum among the various 
 readings, on the authority of Hl. B. and C. Compare habrotoni in Lucret. iv. 
 125. (The word has both a masculine and a neuter form.) 
 
 120. Hoc studet. Observe the pronominal construction, as in Cic. Phil. VI. vi r. 
 18, ' unum studetis.' [O.] quotes one passage from Plautus, Mil. Gl. v. 41, 
 where studeo governs a noun in the acc. case, — ' minus has res studeant.' 
 
 122. Incogitat= l intendit. Apud solum Horat. nunc reperitur. Est fortasse cx 
 ' illis quae Gro^co fonte parce detorsit, swosl, eVi/3ouAevei.' Orelli. 
 
 126. Os...figurat. Gr. irAdcraei rb o-r6/j.a. " Shapes the mouth in teaching elocu- 
 tion," ' ore rotundo loqui.' Poetry teaches elocution, refinement of language, 
 good principles, good examples. 
 
 132, sqq. Carm. I. xxi. and the Carmen Sceculare are examples of this application 
 of poetry. 
 
 135. In times of drought, rites (Aqucelicium) were celebrated at Kome to Jupiter 
 
 Pluvius. 
 
 144. Comp. Pers. n. 3, — ' Funde merum Genio.' 
 
 ib. Memorem. This epithet more properly belongs to the Agricolce themselves, 
 but they ascribed their own feelings to the Genius. 
 
 145. Fescennina...licentia, "the Fescennine musical dialogue " (I take the phrase 
 from Niebuhr, in Hare and ThirlwalVs translation, vol. I. p. 112) was intro- 
 duced from Fescennia, a town of the Falisci (Cp. Virg. Mn. VII. 695,) in 
 Etruria. This was the received opinion (for which Orelli cites Catullus and 
 Seneca.) Modern critics advance another theory, connecting the word with 
 fSaaKaivto. See the article ' Fescennina,' in the Dict. of Antiqq. The argutnent 
 there drawn from the frequency of such improvisings in Italy seems little 
 worth. ' The music of the Eomans was derived from Etruria, and fcheir 
 ' scenic singers also ;' and if this usage was so too, it was likely enough to 
 retain its first local name, no matter how prevalent it was elsewhere, or how 
 indigenous to the soil. 
 
 152. Lex. This sketch of early Roman poetry, and its restrictions, corresponds in 
 a general way to that of the Greek comedy in A. P. 281. [0.] calls it ' his- 
 ' toriam poeticam,' i. e. ' talem qualem ipse sibi conjectura informarat.' He 
 cites, however, Cicero's mention (de Rep. i. 4) of a law in the XII. Tables, 
 ' si quis occentavisset ' foccentare—" to libel, or lampoon,") making it a capital 
 offence : from which he infers that fustis here means not simply " beating." 
 but " beating to death," supplicium fustuarium. 
 
 154. Vertere modum. Engl. " changed their note," 
 
 158. Saturnius. The old Italian metre used by Nsevius. Virus, not " malignancy," 
 but " coarseness, rudeness," as may be seen from the contrast of munditio?, 
 " elegance," 
 
 167. Pope, Imitation, — 
 
 ' Even copious Dryden wanted or forgo 
 ' The last and greatest art, the art to blot.' 
 
 168. Eas medio, " from common life," ' communia sectatur.' Schol. Ov. Ars Am. 
 ni. 479, illnstrafces the phrase, — 'E medio consuetaque verba j' and the idea, 
 Kem. Am. 376. — ' Lsibus e mediis soccus habendus erit.' 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK II. EPIST. I. 229 
 
 170. Venia minus, " less indulgence ;" every one being able to criticise such 
 characters as the young lover, the miserly old man, the parasite, etc. 
 
 171 — 4. Quo pacto, i. e. " how ill." Quantus sit, i. e. "how exaggerated." Quam 
 non adstricto, i. e. " how negligent he is." Dossennus, a comic poet, or per- 
 haps merely a comic character. 
 
 176. See Pers. v. 104, — ' recto vivere talo.' Stet is used of the success of a play 
 in Terent. Phorm. Prol. 10. 
 
 186. Compare the prologues to the Hecyra of Terence. 
 
 189. Aul&a premuntur. The stage-curtain did not drop, or draw up from above, 
 (as with us,) but was raised from beneath. Cp. Virg. Geor. m. 25, — ' Purpurea 
 ' intexti tollant aulsea Britanni.' Comp. 0v. Met. m. 111, — 
 ' Sic ubi tolluntur festis aulaea theatris 
 ' Surgere signa solent, primumque ostendere vultum, 
 ' Cetera paulatim : placidoque educta tenore 
 ' Tota patent imoque pedes in margine ponunt.' 
 
 191. Eegum fortuna, " unfortunate (i. e. captive) kings." All this (vv. 190—193) 
 is the scenic representation of victories and triumphs. 
 
 192. Essedo,, the Gaulish " war-chariots." 
 
 ib. Pilenta, " women's chariots " (apixdua^at.) Virg. Mn. VIII. 666. The r petorrita 
 had four wheels. The name is derived from recraapes, in its ^olic form of 
 •nicrvpes, ireropes. 
 195. The camelopard, or giraflfe, was first exhibited at Kome in the circus games 
 by Julius Caesar. See Plin. N. H. VIII. xvm. 27. 
 
 204. Oblitus. Cp. ' illitum,' Carm. IV. ix. 14. Milton has the phrase (a sarcastic 
 one) ' besmeared with gold,' Par. Lost, v. 356. So Luc. Nec. XVI, — xP U(ro ' 7raa '" 
 rov iadTJTa, Cp. Juv. X. 212, — ' Quibus aurata mos est fulgere lacerna ' (said 
 of public performers.) Comp. also Lucian, Nigrin. 11. 
 
 210. Per extentumfunem....ire, i.e. "to achieve things marvellous and admirable." 
 
 213. Ut magus. So Plato, Menex. 2, — yor\Tevov(riv tj/ulc7>v to,s \pvxds (of orators.) 
 
 223. Irrevocati. Comp. (e contr.) revocatus, " encored." Cic. pro Archia, 8, (17.) 
 
 230. JEdituos. Poets, the panegyrists of Yirtue, are here, by a fine figure, made 
 the guardians in charge of her temple (qui ozdem tuentur.) 
 
 234. Eettidit acceptos. This is prop. a commercial term,=" to make an entry of 
 payment ;" then, " to owe, or ascribe, to." See an instance in Cic. ad Fam. 
 XV. 5 ; and Ov. Trist. II. 10, — ' Acceptum refero versibus, esse nocens ;' (i. e. 
 " I owe my treatment as a criminal to my poetry.") 
 
 239. Comp. Cic. ad Fam. v. 12, — ' Nec enim Alexander ille gratiee causa ab Apelle 
 ' potissimum pingi et a Lysippo fingi volebat ' 
 
 244. Boeotum. The Bceotians were reproached as a dull race : Pindar, 01. VI, 152, 
 quotes as a proverb BoiuTtav vv ; and this was ascribed to the heaviness of 
 their atmosphere. Cp. o-vofioicoToi from Cratinus, quoted in Porso7i's Preface, 
 p. 55. C. Nepos, in Alcib. 11, speaks of their bodily strength, ' magis firmitati 
 corporis quam ingenii acumini inserviunt.' Cicero reasons on it, de Div. I. 
 
 36; Nat. D. II. 16; deFato, iv, — 'Athenis tenue caelum, ex quo acutiores 
 
 ' Attici ; crassum Thebis, itaque pingues Thebani.' Comp. Eurip. Med. 829, — 
 'Epex0ei'8cu...aei Bia AafnrpoTaTov fiaivovTts afipcis alOepos. Cp. Juv. X. 50, 
 
 264. Cp. Eur. Troad. 466, — ovtoi <pi\a ra /jlt) <pi\a. 
 
 266. Comp. Cic. ad Fam. V. 12, — ' Neque me sempitemae gloriae per eum com- 
 
 ' mendari velim, qui non ipse quoque in me commendando propriam ingenii 
 ' gloriam consequatur.' 
 
 270. Chartis...ineptis, i.e. " waste paper." Compare Pers. i. 43, — ' Xec scombros 
 "' metuentia carmina, nec thus :' and Martial, IV. lxxxvii, 8, 
 
230 NOTES 0N TJIE EPISTLES : B00K II. EPIST. II. 
 
 EPISTLE II.— AD JULIUM FLORUM. 
 
 This Epistle turns mainly on the pocfs own literary habits, his pursuit and 
 subsequent neglect of poetry. He puts a case (vv. 1 — 20,) and tells an 
 anecdote (vv. 25 — 40,) in self-defence ; sketches his education and adventurc3 
 (41 — 52,) and pleads decay of taste and activity. Then he enlarges upon the 
 hindrauces to study, the calls of society, the din of towns. Poets require 
 (v. 81, sqq.J a world to themselves, and even (vv. 87 — 101) make one, living 
 in mutual compliment. With these self-flatterers, however, he is unwilling 
 to be classed : he has a higher conception of the dignity and the powers of a 
 true poet (vv. 109 — 125,) and likens the scribbler's vanity to a monomania 
 (vv. 126 — 140.) Finally, he declares himself a votary of philosophy ; giving 
 up trifling or child's play (v. 142) for manlier studies, and leaving the har- 
 monies of words or music for the deeper harmony of wisdom and life (v. 143,) 
 and so closes with meditation (v. 145, adfinem.J 
 
 3. Hic et, etc. Cp. the description of the Eunuch for sale in Terence, Eun. III. 
 II. 19, sqq. 
 
 8. Argilla...uda. Pers. in. 23, — ' Udum et molle lutum es ;' and Ars P. 163, — 
 * cereus flecti ;' and Juv. vii. 237. 
 
 10. JEsch. Fr. Inc. 276, — ovk avSpos '6pKoi irio-ris, oA\' tipKcw 6,vvp. 
 
 15. In scalis latuit, an extenuating phrase for " ran away." The " stairs " seem 
 
 to have been a frequent hiding place. Cp. Cic. pro Milone, 15, (40) ; Philip. 
 II. ix. (21.) 
 
 16. Des nummos. This is made by some Edd. a part of the dealer's speech, but 
 it is more properly to be taken as the apodosis to v. 3. 
 
 ib. Excepta, i. e. " made an exception to his general character." 
 
 17. IUe ferat, " you would pay ; he would receive payment, without fear of any 
 
 " action for false warranty." Comp. Sat. II. iii. 285, — ' Nisi litigiosus, exci- 
 ' peret ;' and note. 
 
 21. Mea. The position of mea, in marked separation from its noun, suggests that 
 it may be construed independently, as a neut. pl. for me, after the Greek 
 idiom; e g. rov/ubv -tyeyeLs, Ear. Ion, 1022. 
 
 24. Super hoc. irpbs rovrois. Cp. Sat. II. VI. 3; Virg. Mn. II. 348. 
 
 28. Post hoc. With this story compare the beginning of Plutarclis Life of Pelopidas. 
 
 40. ZonaAn, i. e. "his purse." So Cdovn, as in Xen. Anab. I. iv. 9. 
 
 44. Rectum...curvo. To be understood figuratively of "right and wrong." So 
 
 Pers. IV. 11, — 
 
 ' Eectum discernis, ubi inter 
 ' Curva subit,' (speaking of moral perception.) 
 
 45. Silvas Academi. iv evo-Kiois dp6fioi<TLV 'AKadri/j.ov Ozov. Eupolis in Fragm. ' Tbe 
 
 ' olive grove of Academe,' Milton, P. R. iv. 244. The leading Academician of 
 that day was Theomnestus. 
 
 48. Res?ponsura= (e to be a match for." A rare usage, but comp. Cic. Catil. II. xr. 
 24, — ' Urbes coloniarum ac municipiorum respondebunt Catilinae tumulis 
 ' silvestribus.' 
 
 50. Decisis...pennis. Compare Cic. ad Att. IV. II. 5, — ' Iidem illi qui mihi pinnas 
 ' inciderant. nolunt easdem renasci.' Lucian. Gall. 22, — irepireriXfievos to 
 7rrepd. 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES : BOOK II. EPIST. n. 231 
 
 52. Quod non desit, i. e. quod satis sit, "enough to free me froru want." Cp. Cic. 
 ad Fam. XIV. 1, — ' Cni si aliquid erit, ne egeat.' 
 
 53. Cicutce, "hemlock," used for hellebore ; as in Pers. v. 145. 
 
 55. Prcedantur. Cp. Soph. Antig. 681, — rw XP° vc i> KeK\e/j,fj.e9a. With the senti- 
 mentj cp. Wordsworth, in the Fountain, — 
 
 ■ Thns fares it still in onr decay, 
 
 ' And yet the wiser mind 
 ' Mourns less for what age takes away 
 ' Than what it leaves behind.' 
 Yirg. Ecl. IX. 51, — ' Omnia fert getas, animum quoque. 
 
 59. Carmine, " lyric poetiy." Io/mbis, e.g. " epodes." See Ep. I. xix. 23. 
 
 60. Bioneis. Bion, a Scythian philosopher, famous for caustic wit : a saying of his 
 is quoted in Cic. Tusc. Qu. iii. 26. 
 
 66—75. Compare Juv. iii. 239-248. 
 
 70. aS' oSb? &Tpvros, tv 8' €Kao~TOT<!pca e/x' airoiKeis. Theocr. XV. 7. 
 ib. Humane commoda, (ironical) " very convenient ! " 
 
 71. Purce. Cp. Liv. XXIV. 14, — ' Puro ac patenti campo.' So Virg. 2En. XII. 771. 
 
 So Kadapos in Hom. II. 9. 491. 
 
 72. Mulis, etc. Is cum understood ? or is not the abl. governed by calij.us, with 
 
 its implied sense of effort ? i. e. " in hot haste, with mules and men." Such a 
 construction would fairly be classed with that of Carm. III. v. 5, — ' Conjuge 
 barbara turpis.' 
 
 73. i. e. " A crane is swinging aloft a stone," &c. 
 
 74. For the waggons in Eome, and their size, see Juv. III. 25i, sqq. ; and Tibull. 
 II. m. 65 — 
 
 ...' Urbique tumultus 
 ' Portatur validis mille columna jugis.' 
 77. Juv. VII. 57; Ov. Trist. I. I. 41, — ' Carmina secessum scribentis et otia queerunt.' 
 
 80. Contracta seems to be a metaphor from a pathway, — if broad, easy ; if narrow, 
 difficult to follow. So e contr. Propert. III. I. 14, — ' Xon datur ad Musas 
 ' currere lata via.' 
 
 81. Ingeniuyn sibi, etc. Cp. Cic. pro Archia, 6, (12), — ' Ita se litteris abdiderunt, ut 
 
 1 nihil possint ex his, neque ad communem afferre fructum, neque in aspectum 
 ' lucemque proferre.' 
 
 83. Pojoe^s Imitation, — 
 
 ' So stiff, so mute ! a statue, you would swear, 
 ' Stept from its pedestal to take the air.' 
 
 84. Hic ego...? The sense is — " If genius, to be successful, must be so absorbed by 
 
 " study, and so unfitted for pubhc iife, how should I make attempts at poetry 
 " here ? " 
 S7. Frater erat..." there were two brothers at Eome (' fratres et fraternis animis,' 
 Ep. I. x. 4), " so full of mutual admiration, that each heard from the other 
 "nothing but compliments." 
 
 93. Molimine, i. e. " with what an air of importance ! " The meaning of molimine is 
 explained and defined by its combination with fo.stu, — a species of hendiadys, 
 which may be illustrated from Virg. /En. i. 341, — ' Longa injuria, longse 
 ambages ; ' or XI. 801, — ' Xeque aura? nec sonitus memor ; ' where the second 
 noun explains the first ; and xi. 896, where imjplet is connected with the in- 
 terpretative ' ingentem fert tumultum.' Compare in Plato, Apol. 17, — eis 
 <roxpiav Kal Xcrxvv, where the latter noun, by its dependence on the former, is 
 restrained to an unusual meaning, viz. strength of mind. This principle may 
 perhaps be a key to Greek nsage in the combination of epithets ; e. g. in Msch. 
 Agam. 1J22, irrwcn/ios may be held to define Kaipia ; in Eur. Her. F. 1274, 
 afj.<p'iKpavov Ka\ ■Ka\iixQ\a<TTri, the second adj. is made intelligible by the first. 
 
232 NUTES ON TIIE EPI8TLEB : BOOK II. EPI8T. n. 
 
 97. ('(rdimur, etc. " wo, likc gladiators, who give blow for blow, give compliment 
 " ibr complimcnt. 
 
 100. ' Haud inscita fuit Torrentii conjcctura,' [0.] ; that Horace here refers 
 covertly to Propcrtius, an<l his line (El. IV. i. (W) descriptive o£ himself, 
 1 Umbria Eomani patria Callimachi.' 
 
 Critics have obscrved, that neither Horace nor Propertius ever mention 
 each other, tbough they must have moved in the same circle. It haa been 
 argued that Propertius is the unnamed of Sat. I. IX. 
 
 105. Impune. Cp. Juv. I. III. 4. 
 
 107. Gaudent scribentes. Catull. xxii.14; Ars P. 444; and compare tbe context 
 with the following lines. Cp. Cic. Tusc. Qu. i. 3, — ' Suos libros ipsi legunt 
 cum suis. 
 
 108. Cp. Ov. Pont. III. ix. 9, — ' Auctor opus laudat.' 
 
 111. Splendoris. Cp. Cic. Brut. lxxxviii. 303, — ' In verborum splendore elegans' 
 (sc. Hortensius.) 
 
 112. Ferentur=proferentur ; much as feret, Ars P. 138; or, as claimants of rank 
 before the Eoman Censor, whom, if unworthy of the position, he would pro- 
 ceed (movere loco,) " to reject." Others interpret it a.s=judicabuntur. Gesner 
 and Orelli quote ' fluit lutulentus,' Sat. I. iv. 11, and derive the metaphor 
 * a turbida torrentis aqua, quge rapido cursu fertur.' 
 
 114. i. e. ' Quamvis sacrosancta videantur.' Schol. The metaphor corresponds 
 to the old English phrase " taking sanctuary." 
 
 120. Liquidus puroque, etc. Cp. Cic. de Clar. Orat. 79, (274), — c Ita pura erat, ut 
 ' nihil liquidius ; ita libere fiuebat, ut nusquam adhaeresceret.' 
 
 122. liuxuriantia compescet=recidet, Ars P. 447. The metaphor may be seen in 
 Oi\ Met. xiv. 629,— 
 
 ' Luxuriem premit et spatiantia passim 
 
 ' Brachia compescit.' (A description of Pomona pruning the trees.) 
 
 123. Virtute carentia. v. 112, ' sine pondere refertur potius ad singula verba, hoc 
 ' ad sententias.' Orelli. 
 
 ib. Tollet. Orelli says, 'Equidem explico ex Quintil. X. iv. 1, — Sequitur emendafio 
 ...premere tumentia, humilia extollere, luxuriantia astringere...JcZ. VIII. vi. 11.' 
 Cp. Cic. de Orat. III. xxvi. 104. So Diilenburger, who quotes Cic. Tusc. V. 
 xiii. 37. To construe it SLS=delebit } makes a tautology. 
 
 121. Torquebitur, i. e. ' fiet quod ipse voluerit,' (Zeun,) or rather, with antithesis to 
 ludentis, thus, — "his corrections will seem easy, yet (et='et tamen, torquebitur) 
 " will be really the result of much effort and constant practice." So Orelli ; 
 and ringi in v. 128 seems to answer to and confirm this sense. 
 
 125. Cp. Virg. Eclog. v. 73, — ' Saltantes Satyros imitabitur Alphesibseus.' Pers. 
 v. 123,— 
 
 ' Nec cum sis cetera fossor 
 
 c Tres tantum ad numeros Satyri moveare Bathylli.' 
 So Aristoph. Plut. 290. 
 128. Ringi, " to show the teeth and growl as a dog ; " here, "to chafe and fret." 
 (' Cum...norim artis regulas, nec tamen iis satisfacere queam.' Orelli.) So 
 Pope, Essay on Man, iv. 260, — 
 
 ' What is it to be wise ? 
 ' 'Tis but to know how Httle can be known ; 
 ' To see all other's faults, and feel our own.' 
 So Cicero, speaking of the orator M. Antonius, — ' Vir acerrimo ingenio... 
 ' multa et in se et in aliis desiderans.' — Orat. 5, (18.) 
 
 136. Opibus. ' In prosa oratione ope, auxilio, ut E. I. x. 36 ; C. III. ni. 28.' [O.] 
 This is denied by Obbar (see his note on E. I. x. 36) ; and though the plural 
 comes very near the singular in meaning, it is more accurate to distinguish 
 
NOTES ON THE EPISTLES: BOOK II. EPIST. n. 233 
 
 tliem. Ojpes in the other two passages may be trauslated " power, might ;" 
 in this one, perhaps, "resources." Or opibus curisque may be a double phrase 
 for a single idea=" the care and attendance their means provided for him." 
 (Obbar has another explanation, viz. ' cognatorum opibus ex lege linguae bene 
 'dici, cognati opibus non item.') Compare 'hominum opibus et studiis,' Cic. 
 de Off. II. VI. 20. In Virg. Mn. viii. 171,—' Auxiho lsetos dimittam opibusque 
 juvabo,' the sense is clearly distinguished. Cicero contrasts the plural with 
 the singular, ad Att. ix. 16, — ' Caesar jam opes meas, non ut superioribus 
 ' litteris, opem expectat/ 
 137. Meraco. 'Anticyras sorbere meracas.' Pers. IV. 16. 
 
 139. Extorta. (Cp. v. 127.) Cic. de Senect. 23, — ' Quod si in hoc erro lubenter 
 
 ' erro ; nec mihi hunc errorem, quo delector...extorqueri volo.' 
 
 114. Comp. Cic. de Off. I. xl. 12,—' Ut in fidibus sic videndum est in vita ne 
 
 ' forte quid discrepet ; vel multo etiam magis, quo major et melior actionum 
 ' quam sonorum concentus est.' 
 
 119. Monstrata, " prescribed." Cp. ' monstrata piacula,' Virg. JEn. iv. 636. So, 
 ' monstra quocl bibam,' Plaut. Men. V. l. Compare 2Esch. P. V. 490, — e8ei|<z 
 Kpdaeis T)itl(jiv aKea/xdTiov (though the verb is there used properhj of the dis~ 
 covery of medicinal herbs.) 
 
 152. Donarent. Donarint, a conjecture of Bentley, admitted in some edd., is a 
 solecism. 
 
 158. Libra...et cere. ' Verba sunt Juris ' (i. e. " the technical law-term,") Schol. 
 
 159. Mancipat, "gives a title to ;" i. e. in law the right by possessiou ( =prescrip- 
 tive title) is equal to that of purchase. (The line is properly parenthetical.) 
 Lord Plunkett defined the nature of prescriptive title as follows (see Lord 
 Brougham, in his Life of Chief Justice Bushe, who calls it ' an application of 
 ' figure to arguraent absolutely magical :') ' If Time destroys the evidence of 
 
 * title, the laws have wisely and humanely made length of possession a sub- 
 ' stitute for that which has been destroyed. He comes with his scythe in one 
 
 * hand to mow down the muniments of our rights ; but in his other hand the 
 ' lawgiver has placed an hour-glass, by which he metes out incessantly those 
 ' portions of duration which render needless the evidence that he has swept 
 
 * away.' 
 
 163. Lachmann, on Lucr. iii. 954, reads modo sto (=isto.) 
 
 166. Vivas numerato. Cp. Sat. I. IV. 79 ; A. P. 104. In these passages the idiom 
 differs from the English by making the verb unimportant, and subordinate to 
 the participle ; vivas numerato is=numeraveris. In A. P. 104 the Hteral 
 translation in English would not only be unidiomatic, but contrary to the 
 meaning ; which is not, " if you speak your part ill," but, " if the part which 
 yon have to speak is ill set." This idiom is of constant recurrence in Greek : 
 e. g. Thuc. I. 20, — rvpawov vvra airoQave7v (i. e. " that he was tyrant when he 
 was slain ;" the question was not whether he died, but whether he reigned) : 
 
 and in the same chapter, /HovAS/a+voi hpao-avres ti Ka\ Kivdvvevaai (where the 
 
 English idiom would put dpdaavTes in the infinitive, as " wishing to effect 
 something in their peril," or, " not to run into such peril without achievin°- 
 something.")Cp. Xen. Cyrop. V. vn. 9, — aacpvviaavTa KaTa\nre?v. Cp. Lucian, 
 Timon, 33, — ob yap avQp<is-KQvs ui-Tas Ba\€?s. 
 ib. Nuper. . \olim. . .qnondam. Nuper (as distinguished from rnodo, which expresses 
 the very shortest time preceding) denotes time absolutely distinct from the 
 present, and (it may be) relatively long gone by. So ' nuper, i. e. paucis ante 
 ' sseculis,' Cic. N. D. II. 50; ' quid dico nuper ? immo vero niodo,' Ib. Ven. IV. 
 3. Olim (properly the locative of ille,) " at that time, another time, some- 
 times," refers to indefinitely distant time, whether past or future, and is 
 opposed to nuper. Quondam (properly the locative of quidamj refers only to 
 the past, aud is opposed to nunc. See Donaldson, Lat. Gr. p. 166. 
 
 170. TJsque...qua } " up to the limit, where " 
 
 2 $ 
 
234 NOTES ON THE EPISTLES: BOOK II. EPIST. n. 
 
 178. Metit. Soph. Antig. 602, — Kar al viv...v(pT(pwv o.fj.a kottls. 
 
 183. Alter fratrum. ' Geminos, horoscope (i. e. " ascendant planet") varo Producis 
 
 ' genio.' Pers. VI. 18. (For a rcfined application of this sentiment, see the 
 
 opening of the poem on St. Luke, in the Christian Year.) 
 181. Herodis, Herod the Great. Virgil, Geor. in. 12, mentions Idumceas palmas. 
 
 186. Silvestrem is the proper opposite of cultus, Ilid. 60, — ' Omni materia et culta 
 et silvestri.' So Virg. Geor. n. 51. 
 
 ib. Mitiget a/jrum. Cp. Cic. de Nat. D. n. 52, (speaking of the river Indus) ' Non 
 ' aqua solum agros laetificat et mitigat, sed eos etiam conserit.' 
 
 187. Compare Spenser, F. Qu. II. xil. 47, — 
 
 ' Genius ..... 
 
 ' That celestiall powre to whom the care 
 
 ' Of life, and generation of all 
 
 ' That lives, perteines in charge particulare, 
 
 ' Who wondrous things concerning our welfare, 
 
 ' And strange phantomes doth lett us ofte foresee, 
 
 ' And ofte of secret ills bids us beware ; 
 
 c That is ourselfe, whom though we do not see, 
 ' Yet each doth in himselfe it well perceive to bee : 
 
 ' Therefore a god him sage Antiquity 
 
 ' Did wisely make, and good Agdistes call.' 
 
 189. Mutabilis, " variable in aspect, bright and dark," i. e. subject to and reflecting 
 the vicissitudes of life. 
 
 195. " There is a difference between prodigal waste, and an expenditure (' neque 
 ' invitus neque plura parans ') liberal without hoarding." 
 
 199. Domus. Compare Carm. II. x. 6, — 
 
 ' Tutus caret obsoleti 
 ' Sordibus tecti.' 
 The reading here is uncertain. QreUi supposes ' cumMeinekio....antiquitus 
 ' excidisse verbum...varieque suppletum esse a grammaticis, ut factum vide- 
 'tur Carm. IV. VI. 17, (captis.)' 
 
 ib. Utrum magna an parva. Observe utrum an for sive sive. There is an 
 
 analogous construction in Ov. Rem. A. 797, — 
 
 ' Daunius, an Libycis bulbus tibi missus ab oris 
 ' An veniat Megaris, noxius omnis erit.' 
 That passage as well as this may be explained by supposing anacolutha : 
 ferar unus and noxius erit may be looked on as substitutions for nihil refert. 
 Hl. A. supplies the gloss non curo to utrum. In some cases, an may stand 
 for dubium an, e. g. Liv. XXVIII. 43, — ' Yitio orationis an rei.' Also an often 
 stands in connection with seu or sive. (Donaldson, La.i. Gr. j>. 195 — 6, refers 
 to Tac. Ann. xiv. 59 ; XI. 26 ; Cp. II. 22, 38, 42 ; m. 3 ; Ov. Fast. m, 773.) 
 In Virg. 2En. II. 738, we have ne...ne...seu with an indicative mood, — 
 ' Fatone erepta Creusa 
 ' Substitit, erravitne via, seu lassa resedit.' 
 
 212. Quid te " othencise what good is it ?" 
 
 214. Comp. Pope^s Essay on Ma/n } m. 70, — 8 Thou too must perish, when thy feast 
 ' is o'er.' 
 
EPISTOLA AD PISONES, 
 
 SIVE 
 
 I)E AETE POETICA LIBEE. 
 
 The title, Art of Poetry, is of very early date, but creates a somewhat 
 improper distinction between this Poem and those which immediately precede 
 it. All three may be classed together as kindred in style and character, and 
 having a common subject. The first Epistle contains a review of the earlier 
 and later schools of Poman poetry, and a comparison of Eoman and Grecian 
 studies in literature. The second dwells upon Horace's own pf>rsonal tastes 
 and experience, and upon the foibles and fashion prevailing with the poet- 
 asters of the day. The Epistle to the Pisos contains rules of composition. 
 These rules are so far from exhausting the general subject, that they do not 
 touch upon any kind of poetry except the Dramatic ; and the supposition has 
 been favourably received, that, as far as they go. they are not so much 
 didactic as dissuasive ; and that, whatever hints they might supply to the 
 public, they were primarily intended, by a timely raillery and a remonstrance 
 intelligible to those to whom it was addressed, to check their poetic vanity, 
 and to divert them from attempts in which they had not genius to succeed. 
 Hurd divides the Poem into three parts. The first (vv. 1-89) is preparatory 
 to the main subject, containing general reflections and rules. 
 
 The main body of the Epistle (vv. 90 — 295) is taken up with regulations 
 for the Eoman stage, and especially for tragedy, both as the higher species of 
 poetry, and, as it should seem, the less cultivated and understood. The third 
 part (vv. 296 — 476) insists upon the necessity of correctness in language and 
 style. 
 
 The first and opening precept (down to v. 23) regards uniformity of design 
 in the composition of a poem. The next relates to beauties or faults of style 
 (vv. 24—37) ; 
 
 v. 38, sqq. to the author's own capacity; 
 
 v. 42, to method and order of ideas ; 
 
 v. 46, to order of words ; 
 
 v. 49, to coinage of new words ; 
 
 v. 73 proceeds to classify the various styles of poetiy, the discrimination 
 between which is essential to correctness, and also to the power of awakening 
 interest and sympathy (vv. 92 — 118) ; 
 
 v. 119 gives a rule for the conception and portraiture of characters, which 
 may be either original or traditionary ; 
 
 v. 136 begins rules for the plan and the embellishment of a poem ; 
 
 v. 154, for the correct marking of natural varietiesof age and temper ; 
 
 2 g 2 
 
236 WTES ON THE 'ABS POETICA. 1 
 
 V. 179 spoaks of sccnic rcpresontation, and thc Bnbjecta fit or unfit for it ; 
 
 v. 189, ofthc length of a drama j 
 
 v. 193, of thc chorus. witb its musical accompaniments ; 
 
 v. 220, of the Satyric drama ; 
 
 1». 234, of its appropriate language ; 
 
 v. 251, of metre; 
 
 r. 275, of the invention and improvements of tragedy ; 
 
 r. 281, of comedy, and its changes ; 
 
 v. 285, of thc Roman drama ; 
 
 v. 309, of the elements and basis of succcss in poetry ; 
 
 v. 323, of the contrast between the Greek and Roman character ; 
 
 v. 335, of didactic or instructive passages ; 
 
 v. 347, of venial mistakes, as distinguished from inexcusable carelessness ; 
 
 v. 366, of aiming at perfection ; 
 
 v. 391, of the power of true poetry ; 
 
 v. 408, of joining industry with genius ; 
 
 v. 416, of self-deception and flattery ; 
 
 V. 438, of true criticism ; 
 
 v. 453, of fanaticism in poetry. 
 
 3. Undique collatis. Cp., for phrase, ' undiqne desectam/ Carm. I. xyi. 14; for 
 
 description, Virgil's Scylla, 2En. III. 426. 
 8. Uni... formoe, i. e. the ideal of the poet. All that harmonises with that con- 
 ception must be (uniilsformoe) "uniform." 
 16. Cp. Pers. i. 69,— 
 
 ' Heroas sensus afferre videmus 
 
 ' Nugari solitos Graece, nec ponere lucum 
 1 Artifices.' 
 (i. e. They attempt the expression of heroic character, without having even 
 skill enough for common subjects.) Cp. Virg. 2En. III. 681, — ' Silva alta Jovis 
 ' lucusve Dianse.' 
 19. Non erat. The imperfoct, idiomatically used for the present tense. The sense 
 is, — " You find now there is no place for these flourishes ; and if you still will 
 " have them, you act as the painter, who wished to introduce a cypress, when 
 " his subject was a sea-piece." 
 
 21. Qui pingitur. Cp. Juv. xiv. 301, — 
 
 ' Mersa rate naufragus assem 
 
 ' Dum rogat, et picta se tempestate tuetur.' 
 And Pers. i. 89,— 
 
 ' Cantas cum fracta te in trabe pictum 
 
 ' Ex humero portes.' 
 Ib. VI. 32,— ' Largire inopi ne pictus oberret 
 
 ' Cserulea in tabula.' 
 
 22. Currente rota, the potter's " wheel," mentioned by Homer, II. <r. 601, — 
 
 rpoxbv ti.p/j.€VOv Iv iraXafxricrLV 
 e£6[J.evos Kepa/u.evs ireipijaeTai at Ke Qeriviv. 
 Cp. Mart. xiv. 102, — ' Surrentinas leve toreuma rotae.' 
 
 23. Dnmtaxat (provided one estimates it, i. e. dum aliquis taxat) denotes " only," 
 
 as expressing a limitation in the judgment of the speaker~not less than, i. e. 
 " at least ; " or, not more than, i. e. " at most." Here the sense is, " let any 
 " poem, whatever be its merits, at least have those of simplicity and uniformity." 
 
 25. Decipimur specie. ' Fallit enim vitium specie virtutis et umbra.' Juv. xiv. 109. 
 
 28. Compare Pojpe's Fssatj on Criticism, 240 : 
 
 ' In such lays as neither ebb nor flow, 
 
 ' Correctly cold and regularly low, 
 
 ' That, shunniug faults, one quiet tenor keep ; • 
 
 ' We cannot blame indeed, but we niay sleep. 
 
NOTES ON THE ' ARS POETICAJ 237 
 
 (With vv. 32, 34, compare the succeeding liues), — 
 ' 'Tis not a lip or eye we beauty call, 
 ' But the joint force and full result of all.' 
 
 29. Prodigialiter, " in a marvellous way," i. e. " by introducing prodigies." 
 
 30. Delphmum. Cp. Archiloch. Fr. lxix. 7. 
 
 32. MmiUum...ludum, said by the Scholiast to be an old gladiatorial school of 
 ^milius Lepidus. It stood in the Forum Bomanum. 
 
 ib. Unus. See Bentlei/s note for proving and illustrating this reading. The word 
 is again confounded with imus by MSS. at v. 152. 
 
 40. Potenter. ' Secundum quod potest.' Schol. 
 
 45, 46. These two verses are transposed in some editions. 
 
 46. Serendis. ' Serere. etyew, connectere, unde sermo.' — Gesn. 
 
 49. Abdita rerum, e. g. " modern, or new, discoveries." Abdita fata is used of 
 future time in Tibull. II. 5. 
 
 50. Cinctutis, i. e. ancient ; who wore the rude undress of former times : " bare- 
 armed." Lucan has in the same sense ' exserti Cethegi,' — fPhars. II. 543 .) 
 The word is only found here and in Ov. Fast. V. 101, of the Luperci, who 
 stripped themselves to the mere cinctus, a band over the loins. 
 
 55. Ego... invideor, instead ofthe usual construction, mihi invidetur. Cp. imperor, 
 Ep. I. v. 21. So in Ov. Trist. IV. II. 49, circumplaudere ; in Ov. Met. vn. 98, — 
 'creditus accepit,' (sc. Jason.) (See Cic. Tusc. m. 9, — 'Ut videre, sic mi»< 
 ' dere fiorem rectius quam florVj 
 
 59. Signatum pr&sente nota, " stamped with the current mark ; " i. e. such as will 
 give it present currency. The same metaphor is used by Juv. vil. 55, — 
 
 'Yatem 
 
 ' Qui nihil expositum soleat deducere, nec qui 
 ' Communi feriat carmen triviale moneta.' 
 
 ib. Producere, " to bring out, into use." Bentley suggests procudere ; exhausting > 
 the metaphor, and introducing a tautology. 
 
 60. Hom. II. £ 146, — 0^7 7rep (pvWwv yev^ TotrjSe /cai avSpwv. 
 
 Cp. Virg. JEn. vi. 309,— 
 
 ' Quam multa in silvis autumni frigore primo 
 ' Lapsa cadunt folia.' 
 
 60. Pronos... in annos, " at the fall ofthe year; as the yeai's pass." Cp. 'pronos 
 menses,' Carm. IV. Vi. 39. 
 
 61. Prima, i. e. ' quse in ai^boribus sunt ineunte vere, defluunt autumno.' — Fisch. 
 63. Debemur. ©avdVoj irdwTes 6(p<=i\6/xe9a. Simonides, Fr. 123. So Ov. Met. X. 32. 
 
 ib. Receptus... N 'eptunus, i. e. the formation of the Portus Julius. This was done 
 B. c. 37, by connecting the Lucrinus lacus with the Avernus, and making a cut 
 for ships through part of the seaward bank of the Lucrine, while the rest of 
 the bar was strengthened. The work is described in Virg. Georg. II. 161, — 
 
 ' Portus Lucrinoque addita claustra, 
 
 ' Julia qua ponto longe sonat unda refuso, 
 
 ' Tyrrhenusque fretis immittitur sestus Avernis,' 
 
 65 — 68. Sterilisve...iter melius. What works are here meant ? The Scholiasts 
 say, a drainage, first, of the Pomptine Marsh ; secondly, of the swamps of tlie 
 Velabrum. Of the first alleged work there is no record. Orelli understands 
 the second ' de cursu Tiberis aggeribus correcto ; ' after, possibly, the inunda- 
 tion mentioned Carm. I. 11. But if cursum rautavit could be applied to such a 
 work, iniquus frugibus seems a strange epithet for a flood which came ' de- 
 ' jectum monumenta Begis Templaque Vestos.' May not the fact be, that the 
 Portus Julins alone*was completed — the other two works merely projected ? 
 
238 NOTEB ON THE ' AR8 POETICA: 
 
 It is known that J. Csssar planned fche draining of fche Pompfcine Marsh, and 
 a canal to Tarracina; and if Angnsfcna proposed or oommenoed in earnest tlx; 
 completion of those plans, the panegyrioal allusion bere made would be both 
 natural and naturally expresscd. 
 
 G5. Palus. Tbe shortening of the last syllable ia a singular liccnce ; but it is 
 recognised and attested by Servius on Virg. Mrv. U. 09 j vi. 107. 
 
 70. Cecidere, cadentque, a pbrase from Lucret. m. 9G9. 
 
 75. Impariter junctis. See Ov. Am. I. i. 27, — 
 
 ' Sex mihi surgat opus numeris, in quinquo residat : 
 
 ' Musa, per undenos emodulanda pedes.' 
 
 76. Voti sententia compos, " successful love." 
 
 80. Cothumi. Cp. Ov. Am. III. i. 11—14: 
 
 ' Venit et ingenti violenta Tragoedia passu ; 
 
 1 Lydius alta pedum vincla cothurnus erat.' 
 
 81, 82. Aristotle on Poetry (see the translation in Theatre of tlte Qreeks) describes 
 
 the iambic metre as /j.dhiarTa Xcktikov (colloquial) tuv ixeTpuv, ch. IT. and 
 irpaKTiKbv (adapted to action and business), ch. xxiv. 
 
 83, 84. See the description of Pindar's poems, and their varieties, in Carm. IV. 
 II. 10—24. Cp. Carm. I. xii. 1. 
 
 86. Colores, metaphor for " character or cast of poetry ; " and so, in speaking of 
 orators, Cicero says, — ' Habitum orationis et quasi colorem.' De Orat. in. 52, 
 (199); and in. 25, (96, 100.) Again, ' Sentio orationem...quasi colorari.' 
 Ib. ii. 14, (60.) 
 
 91. Cena Thyestaz : — ©ueVTou SaTra vaiBeicov KpeZv. 2Esch. Agam. 1242. Cassandra 
 sees it (in her mind's eye), Ibid. vv. 1096, 1217. Cp. Cic. de Qff. I. 28 — ' Natis 
 sepulchro ipse est parens.' A line spoken by Atreus in a play (supposed) of 
 
 Attius. 
 
 94. Delitigat, " gives full vent to his wrath." De, properly " down from," passes 
 into the sense of " going forward, right on to the end." 
 
 97. Ampullas. Cp. Ep. I. ni. 14, — "inflated, affected phrases." (Ampvlla was 
 literally " a flask or cruet, of protuberant shape."; So Cicero (ad Att. I. xiv. 
 3) uses \t)kv6ovs of his own rhetorical flourishes. The verb pingere, there 
 used in connection with it, and the Scholium quoted by Orelli, 'quasi ex 
 colorum ac pigmentorum vase X-r)KvQq>,' seem to point to another origin for 
 the metaphor, viz., the contents, rather than the shape of the lecythus, as a 
 colouring or cosmetic vase. The sense would then be ratherjft??e than swelling 
 language, but would express Cicero's \t)kv9os more correctly than Horace's 
 ampulla. 
 
 98. Cp. Pers. i. 91,— 
 
 ' Verum nec nocte paratum 
 ' Plorabit qui me volet incurvasse querella.' 
 
 100. Quocumque volent. Cp. Cicero de Oratore, I. 8, (30), — ' Voluntates impellere 
 ' quo velit, unde autem velit deducere.' 
 
 104. Male. . .mandata. Some edd. construe male with loqueris ; forgetting that the 
 rules here given are designed for the poet, not for the players. (So v. 112.) 
 One is reminded of Hamletfs rule, though that is addressed to actors, — ' Suit 
 ' the action to the word, the word to the action.' 
 
 105. Dormitdbo. Cp. Cic. de Cl. OraL 80, (278), — ' Somnum isto loco vix 
 tenebamus.' (There, we may observe, the fault imputed lay in the delivery, 
 no t the diction of the speaker, Calidias.) 
 
NOTES ON THE ' ARS POETICA: 239 
 
 111. Animi...interprete lingua. A phrase of Lucretius, Vi. 1149. 
 
 113. Equites peditesque, i. e. " all ranks." Cp. the proverbial phrase, equis virisque, 
 " horse and foot." So Liv. I. 44; and Sop7i. (Ed. CoL 898, — ttoVt' avajKao-ei 
 Aect>*/ &'Z7r7ro*' l-Knornv T€. So Thuc. VII. 87, 1<Z£. 
 
 114. Divv.sne. Al. Davusne, i. e. " a slave ; " a reading ont of place, where the 
 subject is the delineation of tragic characters. Divus and . heros are properly 
 contrasted, as in vv. 83 and 227 ; and Carm. I. xii. 1 — 3. 
 
 116. Matrona potens, the lady or mistress of the house ; in tragedy, Seanroiva : bnt 
 potens connects itself with the Homeric noTvta, which matrona also seems to 
 represent in Carm. III. iv. 59. 
 
 ib. Sedula nutrrix. Homerice, orpvph ra/xin. 
 
 131. Publica mo.teries, etc. There is some difficulty in determining whether 
 communia (v. 128^) is the same with publica rao.teries, and proprie equivalerit 
 to privati juris. Those who so understand the passage construe thus : " It is 
 " not easy so to treat common subjects (ra 4v /j.eo-q}=" open to all ") as to make 
 " them your own ; " proprie dicere being=propria facere dicendo. But it seems 
 safer to consider them as separate in signification ; to connect v. 128 more 
 closely with the preceding, and to oppose it to the subsequent context. Thus 
 (si quid inexpertum, v. 125), — "in attempting an original subject, clearness 
 " and consistency must be maintained. But it is difficult to give general ideas 
 " a character o/ their own (proprie, i. e. to individualise abstractions) : there- 
 " fore you will do better to adopt a work like the Iliad, and draw out further, 
 " or develop anew, the materials it will supply." Communia will then be= 
 notions of character, such as courage, cowardice, passion, etc. Publica 
 materies will be=the mythic and epic stories, from which materials have been, 
 and yet may be, drawn for poetry. 
 
 132. i. e. "If you do not keep to a beaten and vague round of sentiment." 
 The contrast seems to be between platitudes and precision of thought and 
 expression. 
 
 134. Desilies. A phrase founded apparently on iEsop's fable, the Goat in the 
 
 Well. 
 136. Cyclicus. For an account of the poets of the Cycle, see ThirlwaJVs Greece, 
 
 Vol. II. ch. xn. Amongst their nu-mber, Arctinus and Lesches may be 
 
 mentioned as most famous. 
 138. Hiatu, i.e. "mouthing." ' Fabula seu msesto ponatur hianda tragcedo.' 
 
 Pers. v. 3. 
 111, 142. The opening lines of the Odyssey, — &vBpa fxoi zvveire, k.t.A. 
 
 1 13. The meaning is, that Genius, beginning simply rather than showily, works 
 out its subject into clearness and beauty. The metaphor may be referred to 
 -the proverb in Plav.tus (Curc. I. i. 53) ' flamma fumo proxima.' A verbal 
 correspondence is found in Lucian, Timon i, — Atjpos ko.1 Kain/bs iroiriTiKos. 
 Euripides, Hippol. 954, has the phrase ^pajxjxa.T<av Kairvovs. 
 
 141. Speciosa. Cp. Ep. II. II. 136; and below, v. 319; i.e. striking episodes to 
 embellish the argument. 
 
 145. Antiphaten. The cannibal Lsestrygonian chief in Odyss. k. 114, sqq. The 
 story of Scylla is in /x. 85, sqq. ; of the Cyclops, in t. 187, sqq. 
 
 Cp. Juv. xv. 16, — 
 
 ' In mare nemo 
 e Hunc abicit sseva dignum veraque Charybdi 
 ' Fingentem immanes La^strygonas atque Cyclopas ? ' 
 
 146. CEneus was father of Mcleager : afterwards he married Peribcea, and became 
 father of Tydeus. 
 
 151. Cp. Eesiod, TJteog. 27, 
 
240 NOTEB 0N THE < ARS POETICAJ 
 
 152. DLscrepeb, "be out ofliarmony with." The same metaphoras al.-orm, in ,-. 112. 
 The fignrative nse of thia verb is illnstrated by contrast in Cic. N. D. 1, — 
 ' Rc concinere, verbo discrepare.' Ets literal and its figurative meanings are 
 
 brought out in Cic. de Off. I. xl. 12, — • Sic vidcndutn est in vita ne forte quid 
 ' discrepet, vel multo etiam magis quo major et melior actionum quam sonorum 
 ' conccntus est.' 
 
 157. Decor, etc. Cic. de Qff. I. 28, — 'Tum servaro illud poetas dicimus qnod deceat, 
 cum id quod quaque persona dignum est, et fit et dicitur.' 
 
 158. Ov. Met. xv. 221,— 
 
 ' Editus in lucem jacuit sine viribus infans ; 
 ' Mox quadrupes, rituque tulit sua membra ferarum : 
 ' Paulatimque tremens et nondum poplite firmo 
 ' Constitit adjutis aliquo conamine nervis. 
 ' Inde valens veloxque fuit ; spatiumque juventae 
 ' Transit, et emensis medii quoque temporis annis 
 ' Labitur occiduoe per iter declive senecta).' 
 161. Cp. Ter. Andr. I. i. 28. 
 
 163. Cereus. Cp. Shalcespeare, K. Hen. VI. Pa.rt III. Act II. sc. 1, — 
 
 'The proud, insulting queen, with Clifford 
 
 ' Have ivrought the easy-melting Tcing, like xvax' 
 
 1G8. Cp. Eur. Fr. Cresph. 8,— 
 
 Kepdrj roiavra xpfi Tiva KraaOai fiporoov 
 e<£>' olcri /xeAAei /j.r) ttoB' vcrTepou cnivsiv. 
 
 180. Segnius, etc. So it is said in Soph. (Ed. Tyr. 1238,— 
 
 tcvv Se TvpayQivTCcv to pXv 
 o\X"yicTT aicecmv r\ *yap o\pis ov irdpa' 
 Cp. Ov. Heroid. ix. 120, 
 191. Nec deus. Cic. de Nat. D. i. 20, (53),- -'Ut tragici poetae, cum explicare 
 ' argumenti exitum non potestis, confugitis ad deos.' (From Plato, Cratylus, 
 p. 425.) 
 io. Vindice, " some interposing power." Cp. the phrase nullo vindice, Ov. Met. 
 
 I. 89 ; Bem. Am. 145. 
 193. Officium virile, i. e. " the single part ; " not that virile could bear this sense, 
 unless the context supported it, as here actoris does. Gesner quotes ' vultum- 
 que virilem perfudit,' (sc. * viri, Actseonis.') Ov. Met. m. 189. 
 
 197. Tumentes. Cp. Virg. Mn. vin. 40, — ' Tumor omnis et ira? ; ' and vi. 407, — 
 ' Tumida ex ira corda ; ' and above, Sat. II. in. 213. 
 
 202. Orichalco. Gr. 6perxaA«:oy=" mountain-ore." It seems to have been a com- 
 posite # substance, differing in kinds and processes of combination, and in 
 colour. Virgil calls it " white," ' auro squalentem alboque orichalco,' 2En. 
 xii. 87, where Forbiger refers the epithet ad splendorem : it may, however, 
 mark the kind. Some kinds resembled gold, see Cic. de Off. iil. 23 ; and- cp. 
 Plautus, Curc I. m. 46. (Servius asserts its high value, but Lambinus on Plaut. 
 I. c. infers that he confounded it with ces.) 
 
 211. Numerisque modisque, " measures and music." See Ep. II. n. 144; I. xvni. 59. 
 
 212. Indoctus quid " how could the rude and jovial multitude have an exact 
 
 " or severe (cp the adj. in v. 216), i. e. simple taste ? They could not ; they 
 " required vaiiety in the music, new notes (voces crevere) in the instruments." 
 
 214. Motum...luxuriem i " quicker movement and richer modulation." HurO. 
 Motum may apply to the character of the music, or the movements and 
 dancing. Luxuriem. Cp. Plin. H. N. XVI. xxxvi. (Q6), — ' Varietas accessit, 
 ' et cantus quoque hbwv/iria.' 
 
 215. Vestem, " a train." ' Syrma-tragicum. Cp. Ep. II. i. 207.' Or. 
 
 217. Et tulit, etc. i. e. " and the language also assumed a greater flow and 
 solemnitv." 
 
NOTES ON THE ' ARS POETICAJ 241 
 
 220. Qui. 'Xon dicit Thespin invenisse drama satyricum, sed hoc ; non ita mnlto 
 ' post inventam tragoediarn illud qnoqne genus inventum esse.' [0.~] Pratinas 
 of Phlius, contemporary with .iEschylus, T »vas reputed the inventor of it : it 
 was in fact a sub-division of Tragedy. 
 
 ib. Hircum. <&9Aov eVefoj 6 rpdyos. Arundel Marble. So Virg. Geor. ir. 380, — 
 ' Baccho caper omnibus aris 
 ' Cseditur, et veteres ineunt proscenia ludi, 
 ' Prsemiaque ingeniis pagos et compita circum 
 ' Thesidse posuere.' 
 So Tibull. II. i. 51 — 58. Donaldson (in Theatre ofthe Greeks, ed. vn. p. 40) 
 contends that Tpayy^ia meant the song of the rpdyoi, i. e. of the choru3 of 
 Satyrs. 
 
 221. Mox etiarn, " presently also." ' Utrumque genus antiquissimum fuisse ait 
 ' Horatius. Eedde igitur alsbald auch.' HanoZ. in [O.] 
 
 *&. Satyros nvAavit, i. e. " introduced also the Satyric drama." 
 
 222. Incoluuii graviioie, i.e. "bidding farewell to seriousness." So Hurd, in- 
 geniously and plausibly, quoting Ca/rm. III. v. 12 ; and Mo.rt. V. x. 7, — 
 
 ' Ennius est lectus salvo tibi, Roma, Marone.' 
 Others take it, " without compromising their dignity, or their epic 
 character." 
 
 224. Exlex, " with a perfect feeling of iiberty." 
 
 225. Convmendevre. The sense is, — " The utmost taste is required in introducing 
 " these farcical characters, nor is any deus or heros so introduced to adapthim- 
 " self to the level of the vulgar by adopting low language, nor to show hia 
 " superiority to them by bombast." 
 
 226. Vertere...ludsj } i. e. "to tvoLvesiio." [0.] gives the Syleus of Euripides as an 
 illustration. 
 
 228. Cp. Lucian, Necyom. 16. 
 
 ib. Conspectus in...ostro. Virg. Geor. in. 17, — 'Victor ego et Tyrio conspectus in 
 ostro.' 
 
 233. Paulum pudibundoj, i. e. " with something of reserve and reluctance." 
 
 234. Inornata et dominantia, i. e, pura, as in Sat. I. IV. 5A: "bald and literal 
 terms." Cp. : Non propna verba rerum sed pleraque translata.' — Cic. de Cl. 
 Orat. 79, (274) ; and, ' Verbis . . quae propria sunt et certa, quasi vocabula 
 ' rerum paene una nata cum rebus ipsis ; ' — (opp. to ' iis quae transferuntur,' 
 i.e. '« metaphors." )—Cic. de Orat. III. 37, (149.) 
 
 238. Emuncto, " cheated." As in Terent. Phorm. IV. IV. 1, — 'Emunxi argento 
 senes.' (Used differently in So.t. I. IV. 8.) 
 
 240. Ex noto fictum, etc. This is sometimes explained of " the plot of a drama," 
 but the context refers wholly to the language : " So made up of (=composed 
 " in such) familiar terms, that any one may think he could write as well." 
 Noto is the same as de medio sumptis. Orelli quotes Cic. Orat. 49, (163) — 
 ' Non, ut poetse, exquisita ad sonum, sed sumpta de medio.' 
 242. Junctura. See above, v. 48. Comp. Pers. v. 14, (see Giffordfs edit.J, — ' Verba 
 
 ' togse sequeris, junctura callidus acri.' 
 245 — 247. The general sense is, — " They must not affect too great a nicety or 
 " polish of tone, nor, on the other hand, offend bv coarseness." Comp. Arist . 
 Ran. 906,— 
 
 oircas eps~Tov 
 acrreTa Kal ^utjt' elnSvas v.r$ oV av aWos zXkoi. 
 (i. e. no slang or vulgar terms.) 
 215. Forenses. Quintilian (X. i. 55), characterising the style of Theocritus, 
 opposes th&forum to urbem, and both words to Musa rustica etpastoraMs, ' quoe 
 ' non forum modo, verum ipsum etiam urbem reformidat.' Innati triviis will 
 thei'efore be=" civilised ;" forenscs, " highly educated and refined." Compare 
 Juv. ix. 11, — ' Salibus vehemens intra pomcei-la uatis.' 
 
 2 h 
 
242 NOTES ON THE { ARB POETICA. 1 
 
 246. Jnvenari, "io play a youthful, sportive, or fanciful part." Gr. fxapaKieveadai. 
 ' Cum nescio qua leporis perpetui affectatione colloqui.' Orelli. Cp. tho usage 
 of inroKopi£ecr6ai. 
 
 ib. Teneris.,.versibus= et mmcing poetry," (a Shakspearian phrase.) 
 
 218. Quibus est...pater=ingenui. See Liv. x. 8. 
 
 252. Trimeter (Lat. trimetrus) was the name given to the verse, thou"h it was 
 (senariusj of six feet. Comp. Sat. I. x. 43. 
 
 253. Iavibeis, Gr. la/xBela. 
 
 258. Hic, i. e. the pure iarabic foot. 259. Nobilibus. Ironice, " the much-admired." 
 
 265. An omnes . . .veniai cautus, to v. 264. " Shall I write carelessly, because readers 
 
 " have no ear, or because they are indifferent and will excuse it." 
 267. Vitavi.. merui. Plaut. Trin. V. II. 5. 
 
 270. At, " but (it is objected) your ancestors were as indifferent to defects." " Yes, 
 ' nimium patienter ;' " the Greek models must be the standard." 
 
 277. Peruncti fmcibus. See Tibullvs, as referred to on v. 220, — ' Verum haec potius 
 ' ad primas comcedioe origines pertinet, nisi omnia ficta sunt ex voce rpvyojdia ' 
 Orelli. H n 
 
 278. See ThirlwalVs Hist. of Greece, vol. III. cli. xvui. pp. 31 — 34 (8vo. e<J.) 
 
 280. Magnum loqui. Cp. Arist, Ran. 1034, — d> -rrpooTos rwv "EKKiivwv Trvpyuaas pr^ara 
 o-e,uvd. 
 
 283. TliirlwaU, ch. xviii, — ' In the time of Pericles, b. c. 440, a law was passed at 
 
 ' Athens to restrain the exhibition of Comedy All that is certain is that it 
 
 ' remained in force no more than two or three years.' 
 
 288. Prcetextas, sc. fabulas ; tragedies or tragi-comedies, representing the deeds 
 of Eoman kings and generals : historical, like Shakespeare's plays. 
 
 ib. Togatas ; comedies represented in Latin costume, and with Latin subjects 
 and scenery ; as contrasted with fohvlce poMiatce, which were exhibited in 
 Greek costume. 
 
 292. Pompilius sanguis. The Gens Calpurnia, to which the Pisones belonged 
 traced its name and descent from Calpus, the third son of Numa Pompilius. 
 
 294. Perfectum. ' Ita ut perfectum sit.' Orelli. 
 
 ib. Acl unguem, as the Gr. ds ovvxa, " to a nicety ;" or as our metaphor, " to a 
 hair." So, — ' In unguem 
 
 ' Arboribus positis secto via limite quadret.' Yirg. Geor. n. 278. 
 (i. e. let the planting be in an exact row.) Comp. Pers. i. 63, — 
 ' Quis populi sermo est ? Quis enim, nisi carmina molli 
 ' Nunc demum numero fluere, ut per leve severos 
 ' Ejfc.ndat junctura ungues ?' 
 The origin of the phrase is the testing the smoothness of a model, by 
 passing the nail along it. 
 
 295. The truth of this aphorism is touched on below, v. 498. 
 
 296. Excludit sanos. ' Negat sinefv.rore Democritus quemquam poetam magnum 
 ' esse posse.' Cic. de Divin. i. 37, (80.) So again de Orat. n. 46, (194.) Cp. 
 Plato, Plicedr. %>. 245, — ts a.v avev /xavias Movaojv iirl iroivriKas Bvpas acpiKWTat. 
 
 ireicrOels &s apa 4k Texvys iKavcos ttoi7]ti]s iao/jLevus, aTeXrjs r)4)avio~dr), And 
 
 the opening of Shakesp. Mids. Nighfs Dream^ Act V. (Both passages are 
 quoted in Keble, Prcelect. iv. p. 43.) 
 
 307. Opes, sc, poetce, and the source ' unde parantur ' is (v, 309) ' sapere.' 
 
 309. Sapere, "kuowledge." especi.ally of men and manners, (as explained in w. 
 312-315.) 
 
NOTES ON THE < ARS POETICA: 243 
 
 310. Rem, " the subject matter." The general sense is, that there can be no trus 
 poetry without philosophy. 
 
 319. Speciosa etc. ' Striking in its moral topics, and expressing manners 
 
 * correctly,' Hurd. 
 
 320. i. e. " With no artificial beauty, or good versification." 
 
 326. Dicat. This, and the following lines, have been variously explained. Some 
 understand the question to be a school-question put by the master. I would 
 rather suppose Albinus to be examining his son at home as to his proficiency ; 
 and I would assign to him the words poteras d.ixisse=" you must be able to, 
 " you surely can, tell me." But this clause has been assigned to the poet in 
 the sense of " suppose you answer, Triens." This method involves what 
 Gesner calls ' festiva personarum enallage ;' and it is hardly tenable, unle3s 
 the reading poterat is adopted. 
 
 330. Peculi. A contemptuous term for "money;" as much as saying that the 
 money-seeker is a slave. ' Cura peculi,' Virg. Ecl. I. 33. ' Cultis augere peculia 
 ' servis/ Juv. III. 189. The same ironical or fignrative sense is to be seen in 
 Oic. Parad,ox. v. 39, — ' Cupiditate peculii nullam condicionem recusant duris- 
 ' simas servitutis.' But Mr. Conington, on Virg. Ecl. I. 33, suggests a different 
 explanation. 
 
 332. Linenda cedro. Cp. Pers. i. 42, — c Cedro digna locutus.' Cp. Ov. Trist. III. 
 i. 13. Cedar oil was a preservative against moths, and so was cypress wood, 
 which was used for cases. 
 
 333. Compare the fhree points of an orator, Cic. de Cl. Orat. 275, — ' Ut doceret, ut 
 ' delectaret, ut moveret.' 
 
 337. Omne. Not quite the same as omnia : thus, omnia pulc7vra=" everything 
 " beautiful ;" omne pulchrum=" every individual thing that is beautiful." (See 
 Madv. Gr. 301, b.J 
 
 352. Fudit,i.e. "haslet fall," /ue07jK€. As in Eur. Ion, 256, — /xcdrJKa To|a = " I 
 " spoke thoughtlessly." 
 
 354. Scriptor. . . librarius, " a transcriber." 
 
 371. Cascelliv.s Av.lus. Famous for his opposition to the triumvirs. 
 
 374. Compare Sydney Smith, Moral Philos. lect. x, — ' Mankind are always more 
 ' fastidious about that which is pleasing, than they are about that which is 
 1 useful,' 
 
 375. Sardo melle. The honey from Corsicaand Sardinia ' pessimi saporis est.' Sclwl. 
 Comp. Virg. Ecl. vn. 41 ; and IX, 30. 
 
 385. Cic. de Off. i. 31, — ' Xeque enim attinet naturae repugnare, nec quicquam 
 
 ' sequi quod assequi non queas ideo quia nihil decet invita Minerva, ut 
 
 ' aiunt, id est, adversante et repugno.nte noebwra.* 
 
 388. Prematur. Cp. ' Hasc inclusa habebam,' Cic. Acad. I. 3. 
 
 391. Silvestres horairi.es, etc. Cp. Cic. de Invent. I. 3. 
 
 392. Ccedibus . . Orpfieus. Arist. Ran. 1032, — 
 
 'Opcfvzvs fxev yap TeAeTas 0' t]jx1v KaTe'Sej|e <povwv t' air4x^<T6ai. 
 
 ib. Victufoedo= c glandibus et ferina cruda.' [O.] Compare Ovid, Fast. IV. 401, 
 
 ' Prima Ceres homini ad meliora alimenta vocato 
 ' Mutavit glandes utiliore cibo.' 
 
 393. Rabidos. An epithet of furious wild beasts, and properly defended by [0.] 
 against the corruption, rapidos. So it is used in Ov. A. A. iu. 8. Cp. ventris 
 rabies, in Virg. 2En. II. 356. 
 
 399. Leges inddere Ugno. Plutarch, in the Life of Solon (c. 2oJ, describes the 
 woodeu tablets («rupjSeis and al-oves) on which they were graven. Ovid speaks 
 of ' verba minacia fixo a)re,' Met. i. 91. 
 
 2 h 2 
 
244 NOTES ON THE l ARS POETICA. f 
 
 400. Dicinis vatibus. Cp. Ov. Am, III. ix. 17, — 
 
 ' At sacri vatcs ct Divum cura vocamur, 
 
 • Sunt ctiam qui nos numcn habere putent.' 
 
 402. Marcs, " manly." Ep. I. I. G4. So a p <r e v d s toi Trjo-fe yrjs oiKyTopas 
 evp-iiaeT', Alsch. Suppl, 052. & p a e v 1 8' 'OOpvdoao (pSvcp, Simon. Lpiyr. 
 
 40 1. Vitce monstrata via, i. e. tkese were didactic pocms, inrodrJKai. 
 
 408. OvicVs charactcr of Ennius (Trist. 11. 424J, and of Callimachus (Am. I. xv. 
 14,), may supply examples of the point in qucstion hcrc. 
 
 409. ofae <p&ais iKavT) yiveTai t4x v ws a\tp 
 
 oW a5T6 T*X vr l H-h § v( * lv K(KT7)fl4vTJ. 
 
 Simylus, Fragm. Meinelce, vol. I. p. xiii. 
 
 422. Unctum...ponere. Some interpret unctum of "aperson " (as in Ep. I. xvn. 12), 
 " to entertain a guest :" others, of " a rich dinner," as in Ep. I. xv. 41, which 
 seems better. 
 
 423. Xet-i:, "of light (i, e. insufficient) credit." 
 
 431. The commentators quote here some verses of Lucilius, — 
 
 ' Mercede qua? 
 ' Conducta3 fient alieno in funerc pra)fica?, 
 ' Multo et capillos scindunt et clamant magis,' 
 
 437. Sub volpe. Pers. V. 117,— * 
 
 ' Fronte politus 
 ' Astutam vapido servas sub pectore vulpem.' 
 
 441. Male tornatos. So Propert. II. xxxiv. 43, — ' Angusto versus includere torno.' 
 
 ib. Incudi. So Pind. Pyth. I. 83, — atyevoe? 5e rrpbs &k/j.ovi x^xeve ^Xwaaav, (i. e. 
 " speak truth.") To get rid of the mixture of metaphors, Bentley reads ter 
 rtatos, ' satis inconcinne ; ' and indeed the' two ideas are not incompatible, 
 since the lathe (tornus) seems to have been used in working metals. 
 
 444. Cic. ad Q. Fratrem, III. VIII. 4, — ' Quam ineptus quam se ipse amans sine 
 rivali.' Cp. Ep. II. II. 108. 
 
 447. Ambiiiosa. Perhaps in its first signification, as derived from amcu"o,= 
 luxuriantia. Cp. Carm. I. xxxvi. 20. 
 
 452. Derisum...exceptum sinistre, " flattered and treated uncandidly." Orelli has 
 a different int., — ' derisum, a popularibus suis explosum.' Sinistre has been 
 thought to be adopted from Menander, Miaoy. 1, (in a different sense), — eir- 
 apw-Tepws yap avrb Aatxfi&veis, i. e. " You take matters the wrong way, observing 
 " only the evil, not the good points." 
 
 453. Morbus regius=morbus arquatus, "jaundice." 
 
 454. Fanaticus. ' Fanaticum errorem pati dicuntur qui a Faunis percutiuntur.' 
 Schol. But the word seems to belong more properly to fanum. Fanatici is 
 used of the servants of a temple, and so of those under the influence of the 
 presiding, or any, divinity ; especially in the case of Cybele and Bellona; as 
 ' fanatici Galli,' Liv. xxxvii. 9 ; and ' vaticinantes fanatico carmine/ Ib. 
 xxxviii. 18. Cp. Juv. iv. 123 (quoted in note on S. II. 111. 223.) Hence it is 
 figuratively used for " wild, frantic," ' superstitiosi et psene fanatici,' Cic. Div. 
 ivn. 118, 
 
 45G. Secuntur is found in the old Montpellier MS. (Orelli, vol, II. p. 923) as well 
 as the Bernese, c. This and the like forms are explained in Munro's Preface 
 to Lv.cr. p. 27 ; also in Madvvfs Gr. § 8. Or see White's largcr Dict. ; 
 letter Q. 
 
 459. Longum, See Virg. Ecl. 111. 79, and Gbningtorts notc. 
 
NOTES ON THE ' ABS POETICA.' 245 
 
 460. Non sit. [0.] refers to 8. II. v, 91, non sileas ; and quotes Hand. on Tursell. 
 iv. p. 266, — ' Conjunctivus pro futuro est positus.' Yet, according to the 
 sequence of tenses, sit, answering to clamet, is properly used, — ' Si decidit ; 
 ' licet clamet, non sit '==/' supposing he has fallen ; then, if he should cry out 
 " ever so loudly, no one would attend to him." 
 
 464. ' He, who to be deemed 
 
 * A god, leaped fondly into -ZEtna flames, 
 ' Empedocles.' Milton, P. L. III, 469. 
 
 465. Frigidus. In this adjective the Scholiast sees a reference to the philosopher's 
 own dogma, that " cold blood " implied or caused dulness of intellect. Cp. 
 Virg. Geor. II, 484, with Coningtorfs note. 
 
 466. I cannot better close than with Burke's quotation and application of thia 
 passage. (It occurs in his Befiections on the Bevolution, p. 127 of the 8vo edit.) 
 He is arguing against the confusion of right with power : ' Men have no right 
 ' to what is not reasonable, and to what is not for their benefit ; for though a 
 
 * pleasant writer said * Liceat perire poetis ' when one of them, in cold blood, 
 
 * is said to have leaped into the flames of a volcanic revolution, ' Ardentem 
 
 * frigidus JEtnaui insiluit,' I consider such a frolic rather as an unjustifiable 
 ' poetic licence, than as one of the franchises of Parnassus : and whether he 
 ' were poet, or divine, or politician, that chose to exercise this kind of right, 
 ' I think that more wise, because more charitable, thoughts would urge me 
 ' rather to save the man, than to preserve his brazen slippers as the monu- 
 ' ments of his folly.' 
 
 END OF THE NOTE8. 
 
INDEX TO THE NOTES AND PEEEACE. 
 
 -THE NUJlBEKS REFER TO THE PAGE OF THE XOTES. 
 
 A. 
 
 a, ab, omitted, 11 
 
 ablative case after transitive verbs, 10 
 
 confusion of, witb dative, 47 
 
 abrotonus, or -um, 228 
 Academus, 230 
 acceptum referre, 229 
 Accius, 226 
 accusative in -is, viii. 
 acipenser, 169 
 
 O.K0VITI, 196 
 
 Acroceraunia, 9 
 
 ad, in compounds, 206 
 
 addictus, 195 
 
 addidit, 67 
 
 additus, 68 
 
 adidcpopa, 221 
 
 sedituus, 229 
 
 adjectives, used transitively, 48 
 
 adjudico, 220 
 
 adorea, 96 
 
 ^Eolian scbool, 53 
 
 — poetry, 5 
 
 sequor, 89 
 
 serugo, 143 
 
 -ZEscbylus, emendations of, 45 
 
 amrmative, in continuation of a negative 
 
 clause, 129 
 Agave, 179 
 agere convivam, 188 
 Agrippa, aedile, 176 
 Agvieus, 98 
 albatus, 169 
 Albunea, ]2 
 albus, of winds, 12 
 Alfenius, 139 
 Alfius, 111 
 Allifanus, 192 
 alloquium, 122 
 
 alter, erepo?, 50 
 
 Altinum, 78 
 
 altrix, 67 
 
 alveus, 89 
 
 amabo, 157 
 
 ambitio, 162 
 
 ambitiosus, 244 
 
 ambition, its objects, failure, success, 
 
 217, 218 
 ambuba, 134 
 amicus, its sense borrowed from tbe 
 
 Greek, 99 
 amoenus, opp. dulcis, 215 
 Ampbiaraus, Eripbyle, 78 
 ampulla, X-hnvdos, 238 
 Anacreon, 22 
 ancile, 69 
 Andromeda, 89 
 annus=season, 112 
 antestor, 158 
 Anticyra, 174 
 Antiocbus, 71 
 Antipbates, 239 
 ants, 131 
 Anxur, 146 
 apotbeca, Sl 
 
 apotbeosis of J. Cassar, 17 
 Appius, censor, 150 
 Aprilis, 103 
 Aquarius, 131 
 aquselicium, 228 
 Aquinas fucus, 209 
 arbitria, 116 
 Arbuscula, 162 
 arcbaic forms, 113 
 Arcbilocbus, 118 
 Arcturus, 63 
 argilla, cereus, 230 
 Ariadne, 59 
 Aricia, 145 
 
218 
 
 INDEX TO THE NOTES, ETC. 
 
 Armcnia, Parthia, 211 
 
 arrows, 53 
 
 arte, forto, 193 
 
 aprlaCeiv, 178 
 
 Asina, 212 
 
 astrologers, astrology, 15, 57 
 
 Atabulus, 1 17 
 
 atavus, 3 
 
 &T77, 118 
 
 attonitus, 80 
 
 auctoramentum, 190 
 
 aulsea, 229 
 
 Aulon, 46 
 
 Aulus Cascellius, 213 
 
 aura, 48 
 
 auspicia, 70, 105, 197 
 
 Auster, 86 
 
 autumo, 173 
 
 averto, averro, 181 
 
 B. 
 
 Bacchus, titles of, 22 
 
 symbols of, 60 
 
 balanus, balanatus, 88 
 
 Bandusia, 76 
 
 bellaria, 135 
 
 Bellona, 177 
 
 beluosus, 106 
 
 Beneventum, 147 
 
 benignus, 58 
 
 Berecyntius, 23 
 
 Bibaculus, M. Furius, 160 
 
 Bibulus, 88 
 
 bilibris, 169 
 
 bilinguis, 160 
 
 bilis, 175 
 
 bimaris, 12 
 
 Bion, 231 
 
 birthday of Ccesar, 201 
 
 boars, 181 
 
 Bceotians, 229 
 
 bracchium, 13 
 
 Breuni, 105 
 
 bruma, 186 
 
 bucca, 130 
 
 building material, 55 
 
 bulla, 115 
 
 Caballus, 151 
 caduceus, 15 
 coelum ruat, 65 
 ca3mentnm, 82 
 Ca?rite cera, 204 
 ca3spes=altar, 21 
 naWias, pulcher, 159 
 callidus=a connoisscur, 173 
 
 calm sea describcd, 16 
 calo, cala, 13 
 
 Calpus, gcns Calpnrnia, 242 
 calx, carceres, 216, 133 
 t Camillus, 17 
 campestre, didfa/xa, 210 
 candeo, 188 
 
 KaVT](pO(jOl, 136 
 
 Cantabri, 46 
 Cappadoces, 203 
 caprea=roe-deer, 95 
 Capua, 124 
 caput, 69 . 
 
 of a river, 160 
 
 cardiacus, 176 
 carriages, 210 
 casae, 178 
 Cassius Parmensis, 200 
 
 Etruscus, 161 
 
 catella, 218 
 Catius, 180 
 Cato, 55 
 
 's ape, Favonius, 221 
 
 caudam trahere, 173 
 
 caveo, cautio, in money transactions, 
 
 227 
 cedar oil, 243 
 cenae pater, 191 
 cenotaph, 61, 75 
 cereus, 18, 230, 240 
 cerritus, 179 
 
 certo, milito, used passirely, 165 
 XaXKoxlTw, 11 
 charms, 195 
 Chian wine, 120 
 Chrysippus, 139 
 ciborium, ciboria, 47 
 Cibyra, 203 
 ciconia, 169 
 cicuta, 231 
 Cilnii, 3 
 
 cinctutus, exsertus, 237 
 cinino, 135 
 cinnamon, 47 
 Circe, 198 
 citare, 135 
 citrus, Qvov, 92 
 city life, 217 
 clavum mutare, 188 
 Coan dresses, 104 
 cock-crow, 130 
 cocytus, 54 
 coeo, 200 
 cohors, 154 
 collibet, 135 
 colo=civiIise, 225 
 color, of language, 238 
 comis, 160 
 command, cxprcssed intcrrogativelv, 
 
 51 
 
TNDEX TO THE NOTES, ETC. 
 
 249 
 
 commodus, 80 
 
 commxmis sensus, 137 
 
 comoedia, 140 
 
 compenso, 137 
 
 Compitalia, 179 
 
 compositio gladiatorum, 151 
 
 Concani, 67 
 
 concordia discors, 211 
 
 condo, compono, 225 
 
 confidens, fidens, 154 
 
 conscia=a confidante, 135 
 
 contendo, 209 
 
 contracts, 197 
 
 contractus, 205 
 
 convivia, tempestiva, 4 
 
 cornix, 79 
 
 cornua, 81 
 
 cornucopia, 22 
 
 corona, 219 
 
 cothurnus, 238 
 
 Cotiso, 73 
 
 Cotyttia, 128 
 
 cuculus, 154 
 
 cuilibet, 204 
 
 culpa magistra, 171 
 
 cumba, 44 
 
 cumera, 131 
 
 curare cutem, membra, 183 
 
 Kvpfreis, 243 
 
 curriculum, 3 
 
 cyathus, 80, 72 
 
 Cybele, 21 
 
 Cyclic poets, 239 
 
 cycnus, type of poets, 60 
 
 cynosure, 48 
 
 cypress, 55 
 
 Daci, 70 
 
 Deedaleus, (e commonj 60 
 
 Damocles, 63 
 
 Danae, the allegory, 77 
 
 Danaides, dolium, 75 
 
 dancing, 70 
 
 dancing school, 14 
 
 Daunus, 91 
 
 day, Roman, described by Martial, 157 
 
 de, intensive, 14 
 
 decennovium, 145 
 
 decipior, with gen. c, 53 
 
 decurrere ad preces, 90 
 
 decursus honorum, 4 
 
 deduco, 177 
 
 delictum 70 
 
 deliro, 197 
 
 delitigo, 238 
 
 Dellius, Q. desultor, 42 
 
 de luce, nocte, 220 
 
 descendo, 208, 63 
 
 desero, 65 
 
 designo, 201 
 
 desino, 49 
 
 destino, 59 
 
 BevTepaywvicrTr/s, 157 
 
 devius, 51 
 
 dextro tempore, 4v Kaip<±, 164 
 
 diadem, 42 
 
 dibapha, dibaphus, 56 
 
 dicere, ducere nomen, 169 
 
 dictata, punned upon, 219 
 
 dicto, 227 
 
 SiSaKTa, 221 
 
 difiindo, 166 
 
 dilucesco, 201 
 
 Diomed, 148. 
 
 Dione, 41 
 
 dirigo, derigo, 101 
 
 dirus, 51 
 
 discinctus, 163 
 
 discrepo, absonus, 240 
 
 dissociabilis, used actively, 2 
 
 dithyrambus, 93 
 
 divido, division in music, 20 
 
 dogs, 117 
 
 dos, dotatus, 83 
 
 do manus, 126 
 
 dominantia verba, 241 
 
 dominus rerum, terrarum, 4 
 
 dress, Stoic, Cynic, 217 
 
 Drusus, 95 
 
 dubia cena, 170 
 
 dum, 14, 15 
 
 dumtaxat, 236 
 
 duplex, dtirXovs, 11 
 
 E. 
 
 E, ex, in compound words, 106 
 
 e, in composition, 54 
 
 early education, 199 
 
 echinus, 153 
 
 Egnatia, Gnatia, 148 
 
 ei/c^es^slang, 241 
 
 elementum, 194 
 
 Eleusinian mysteries, 64 
 
 emancipo, 119 
 
 emori, 83 
 
 Empedocles, 211, 245 
 
 Empyrean, 65 
 
 emunctus, 141, 241 
 
 Enceladus, 68 
 
 Ennius, a Pythagorean, 223 
 
 envy, 225 
 
 ephippia bos, 213 
 
 Epicharmus, 226 
 
 epistylia, 58 
 
 equis, viris, 239 
 
 Esquiline, 117 
 
 esse, quam videri, 215 
 
 2 i 
 

 TNBEX TO THl 
 
 et, after quin, 75 
 Etrusci, Rascna, 149 
 ib(pT]ixia. 62 
 evrjytairj, 97 
 Evander, 138 
 evcnit, 96 
 oxanimo, 57 
 cxilis, a/j.(V7]v6s, 10 
 exire, 74 
 cxodia, 130 
 experiens, 218 
 explico, 178 
 
 F. 
 
 fabnla, 121 
 
 facetus, 160 
 
 facio, with dat. c, 210 
 
 factus, factius, 161 
 
 fallo, 48 
 
 familia, sect, 195 
 
 fanaticus, 244 
 
 farm, Horace's, 215 
 
 fendo, defendo, 22 
 
 Ferentinum, 217 
 
 feriae, 97 
 
 Feronia, 145 
 
 Fescennia, Fescennina, 228 
 
 Florus, Julins, 199 
 
 focalia, 178 
 
 Fontanalia, 76 
 
 forensis, 241 
 
 Forniise, 78, 146 
 
 frigidus, 245 
 
 frondator, 213 
 
 frons, 208 
 
 frugi, nequam, 215 
 
 fudit, Aie&iKe, 243 
 
 Fufius, 173 
 
 funeral feasts, 174 
 
 furca expellere, 209 
 
 furor, of poets, 242 
 
 furvus, 53 
 
 fustis, 228 
 
 G. 
 
 Gallonius, 169 
 
 garrulus, (but with ref. omitted) 141 
 
 garum sociorum, 192 
 
 Geloni, 50 
 
 genitive of apposition, 138 
 
 Genius, Agdistes, 79, 234 
 
 giraffe, 229 
 
 glomus, 212 
 
 c good-bye,' 156 
 
 Greek accusative, with acc. sentence, 105 
 
 srrex, gregalis, 208 
 
 Gros])hiiH. 
 guinea-fovv], 113 
 guttus, 153 
 
 II 
 
 H. M. H. N. S... 155 
 Haedi, 63 
 Haxlilia, 22 
 haoreo in, 84 
 hair, long, 45 
 hay on the horn, 141 
 hecatombs, 54 
 Helen, legend of, 128 
 7)AiWiueVos=sunburat, 13 
 Hellebore, 174 
 Hendiadys, 231 
 Hercules, 7rye/«ji/, 12 
 Herculus, 186 
 here, heri, 191 
 Herod, 234 
 Hesperia unda, 57 
 hiare, hiatus, 239 
 Hiberia, 116 
 hic, ille, 168 
 Hipponax, 118 
 holidays in summer. 151 
 holus, olus, 187 
 honestus, honustus, 152 
 horned fiood, 105 
 horti Cgesaris. 156 
 
 Msecenatis, 155 
 
 hostia, 81 
 
 humor, 18 
 
 humour, force of, 159 
 
 Hydra, 96 
 
 hypocritical prayer, 216 
 
 I. 
 
 iambus, 21 
 
 larbitas, 221 
 
 Icarus, Icaria, 4, 72 
 
 Iccius, 31, 210 
 
 idem, et idem, 60 
 
 idiomatic omission of genitive, 46 
 
 Idus, 103 
 
 ignes, dia irvpbs Hvai, 105 
 
 Ilione. 173 
 
 iUud, 142 
 
 immetatus, 83 
 
 immunis, 82 
 
 impar, 121 
 
 imperfect tense, 209 
 
 impotens, 91 
 
 impransus, 214 
 
 improbus, 186, 209 
 
 in neutrum, 170 
 
 in verba jurare, 123 
 
 inclino, 138 
 
INDEX TO THE NOTES, ETC. 
 
 251 
 
 incogito, 228 
 
 incolumis, 210, 241 
 
 incoquo, 192 
 
 increbuit, 185 
 
 incudis, 244 
 
 indicative mood, 57 
 
 infans, infantia, 151 
 
 infinitive, old form, 102 
 
 iugluvies, 134 
 
 inheritances, 185 
 
 inhumanus, 219 
 
 insolens, 44 
 
 institor, 76 
 
 intactus, epithet of victims, 119 
 
 interest of money, 134 
 
 interrogatives, 171 
 
 intestabilis, 167 
 
 intransitive verbs, used passively, 111 
 
 inula, 168 
 
 inuleus, 26 
 
 inundations, 5 
 
 'Io^a/cxoi, 135 
 
 Ionians, effeminate, 70 
 
 Iulus, 93 
 
 ivy wreaths, 4, 12 
 
 J. 
 
 jaculor, 56 
 
 jandudum, 156 
 
 Janus, 173 
 
 jecur, 92 
 
 jesters, 146, 147 
 
 Jewish usages, 179 
 
 jocularia, 130 
 
 Jove asquo, 226 
 
 judices, 143 
 
 jugulo, 155 
 
 jugum, juvenca, metaph., 45 
 
 Juppiter=sether, 4, 122 
 
 jus, judicium, 158, 166 
 
 iex, 130 
 
 jus jurandum, pejera.tum, 48 
 justus, 17 
 juvenor, 242 
 
 Labeo, 138 
 Laberius, 159 
 ]abor=amor, 77 
 iaedo, 87 
 Laalius, 165 
 lagois, 168 
 XaKa-yevara, 205 
 lamae, 212 
 lamna, lammina, 42 
 Lamus, Lamia, 78 
 larva, 147 
 
 lasanum, 152 
 
 lateris, laterum dolor, 157 
 
 Latinaa feriae, 206 
 
 latius, 171 
 
 latus, 176 
 
 latrans stomachus, 167 
 
 Laverna, 216 
 
 lettuce, 182 
 
 levis, 244, 227 
 
 Licinia, Licymnia, 52 
 
 lima, limatus, 161 
 
 linio, 213 
 
 lino, relino, 24 
 
 litus Etruscum, 5, 6 
 
 lituus, tuba, 4 
 
 Livia Augusta, 77 
 
 Livius Andronicus, 226 
 
 locare, redimere, 58 
 
 longum melos, 66 
 
 lubricus, 24, 122 
 
 Lucilius, 140, 161 
 
 fragment of, 144 
 
 Lucretilis, 22 
 lucum ponere, 236 
 lumina prima, 189 
 lupini, 2G5 
 
 lupus, the Basse, 168 
 Lupus, Luc. C. L., 165 
 lustra, 151 
 lustrum, 44, 45 
 lutulentus, 141 
 luxuria,-es, of plants, 232 
 
 of nrasic, 2 10 
 
 Lycurgus, 59 
 Lydia, 73 
 Lynceus, 195 
 
 M. 
 
 macero, 18 
 
 Maecenas, his office, 73 
 
 family, 3 
 
 dread of death> 56 
 
 magus, yo-qreveiu, 229 
 majores calices, 192 
 malignus, 58 
 malis alienis, 174 
 mallows, for eating, 113 
 Maltinus, 134 
 malum, adv. 181 
 mancipium, 119 
 mano, with acc, 222 
 marble, columns of, 58 
 Marcellus, 17 
 Marica, 79 
 marina Yenus, 85 
 maris expers, 191 
 Marsicum bellum, 77 
 Marsyas, 153 
 mas, 244 
 
252 
 
 INDEX TO THE NOTES, ETC. 
 
 Massicus, 4 
 Matronalia, 72 
 mazonomus, 193 
 mediastinus, 213 
 mcdius, 60 
 e medio, 228 
 in mcdio, 211 
 Medus, 49 
 
 mel, in motaphor, 222 
 melli, 186 
 membrana, 172 
 memoria, technica, 180 
 Memphis, 85 
 mensura, of moncy, 133 
 Mercurius, 47 
 
 titles of, 15 
 
 Metaurus, 96 
 
 Metellus, Macedonicus, 165 
 meto, metaph. of death, 234 
 metre, elegiac, iambic, 238 
 miluus, ( ? mackerel) 215 
 Minerva, crassa, 167 
 
 invita, 243 
 
 Minos, 99 
 
 Minucius, 219 
 
 miser, 170 
 
 misere, 156 
 
 mitis, mitigo, 22 
 
 modes, in music, 119 
 
 modius=peck, 131 
 
 modulator, 160 
 
 rnoraentum, 208 
 
 moneo, with inf. m., 108 
 
 monstro, 233 
 
 monumentum, monimentum, 6 
 
 moror, 141 
 
 Moschus, 201 
 
 moveo, 20 
 
 mullus, 168 
 
 munditias, 11 
 
 munia, 170 
 
 Murena, Licinius, 50 
 
 murteta, at Baias, 214 
 
 Mus, D. 150 
 
 Musa, Antonius, 214 
 
 muto, 22 
 
 mutus, 177, 95 
 
 Mygdonius, 52 
 
 myths, allegorised, 54 
 
 names, fond or fiattering, 137 
 
 Naples, 116 
 
 nares, 55 
 
 nassa, 183 
 
 Nature, rule of life, 131 
 
 naval metaphor, 19 
 
 nebulo, 133 
 
 uenia, 88 
 
 Nerva, 146 
 
 ncscius, with inf., 11 
 
 Nestor, 49 
 
 neuter g. for masc, 207 
 
 nigcr, 143 
 
 nil admirari, 202 
 
 Niphates, 49 
 
 nisi, nisi forte, 57 
 
 Noctiluca, 98 
 
 nomine, eo, suo, 81 
 
 nomina, of securities, 134, 227 
 
 nota=cask, 43 
 
 notae=inscriptions, 100 
 
 novendialis, 128 
 
 noverca, 115 
 
 novus homo, 150 
 
 Nox, 88 
 
 nuces, 176 
 
 nugee, 222 
 
 Numae lex, 58 
 
 numen, nuo, 62 
 
 numerus, modus, 220 
 
 nuper, 233 
 
 ob, in compounds, 192 
 
 obliquus, 81 
 
 oblitus=spangled, 229 
 
 obsolesco, obsoletus, 50 
 
 occentare, 228 
 
 Octavia, 77 
 
 octonge Idus, 151 
 
 offerings after shipwreck, 11 
 
 officina, 10 
 
 olim, 233 
 
 omne, diff. fr. omnia, 243 
 
 opera, 191 
 
 operor, 77 
 
 opes, 232, 233 
 
 b-^ifxaOris, 160 
 
 Orbilius Pupillus, 227 
 
 orichalcum, 240 
 
 Orpheus, 243 
 
 ortus, ortu, 106, 86 
 
 Otho, Eoscia lex, 115 
 
 oysters, 181 
 
 P. 
 
 Pactolus, 124 
 
 Pacuvius, 226 
 
 psenula, 210 
 
 palam, a preposition, 122 
 
 Palatine library, 200 
 
 paleness, comparisons for, 74 
 
 Palinurus, 67 
 
 palma, 182 
 
 palus. ii, 238 
 
INDEX TO THE NOTES, ETC. 
 
 253 
 
 iravovpyos,-ia, 216 
 
 Papia Lex, 108 
 
 Parasite, in the drama, 226 
 
 parochi, 146 
 
 parra=owl, 85, 86 
 
 Parrhasius, 100 
 
 Parthia, defeats in, 70 
 
 participles, idiomatic use of, 233 
 
 substituted for verbs, 136 
 
 passer, 192 
 
 pasturage, sftmmer and winter, 111 
 
 patera, 153 
 
 patronus, 58, 69 
 
 pavor, 203 
 
 Paullus, ^Em. 16 
 
 Pausias, 190 
 
 peculium, 2-13 
 
 pede, 206 
 
 pedestris, oratio, 52 
 
 pes, of water, 126 
 
 Pedum, 200 
 
 pellis, cutis, 127 
 
 pellitus, 46 
 
 irr}\uir\dcrros, 21 
 
 pendeo, 80 
 
 percontor, 223 
 
 perdor, 1S7 
 
 pereo, 75 
 
 TrepiaAyhs, 227 
 
 personal for impersonal, in passive verbs, 
 
 237 
 perstringo, preestringo, 41 
 pertica, 171 
 
 Petillius, Capitolinus, 143 
 petorrita, pilenta, 229 
 Petrinus ager, 201 
 Phaeax, 214 
 Philip, of Macedon, 78 
 Philippus, L. M., 205 
 phimus, 189 
 
 Phraates, signa recepta, 42 
 picus, 86 
 Pierius, 74 
 Pindar, 93 
 
 plane-tree, in Crete, 87 
 Plato, 172 
 
 Plautus, T. Maccius, 226 
 Pleiades, 105 
 poets, list of Eoman, 226 
 poetic readings, 223 
 Polemo, 17S 
 pollice verso, 220 
 Pompeius Varus, 46 
 Pomptine Marsh, proposed drainage of, 
 
 237 
 pondera, 204 
 pons, 191 
 
 Pons Fabricius, 173 
 porticus, 55 
 Portus Julius, 237 
 
 potens, iroTPia, 239 
 
 potior, 73 
 
 pottery, 236 
 
 poverty, advantages of, 64 
 
 praeco, 206 
 
 praedor, of age, 231 
 
 praeire verba, 123 
 
 praemia, 146 
 
 prsenoinen, 183 
 
 prgescribo, prsescriptio, 163 
 
 prsesens, 68, 
 
 praetexta^, togata?, fabulas, 242 
 
 praise, music to the ear, 170 
 
 prescriptive title, 233 
 
 prensus, deprensus, 56 
 
 Priapus, 111 
 
 price of slaves, 189 
 
 prisons, Eoman, 53 
 
 prodigus animas, 16 
 
 prodoceo, 196 
 
 prohibition, forms of, 15 
 
 propago=layers, 111 
 
 Propertius, 232 
 
 proprius, 171 
 
 proprie dicere, 239 
 
 TrpoaeBpla, 132 
 
 Proteus, 5 
 
 prudens, 177 
 
 ptisana, 175 
 
 publicus, 82 
 
 pulcher, pulchellus, Punch, 159 
 
 pumex, book-binding, 222 
 
 puniceus, 120 
 
 purgata auris, 195 
 
 purpureus, 92 
 
 Puteal, 221 
 
 puticuli, the Catacombs, 155 
 
 putidus, 189 
 
 Q. 
 
 quadra, 218 
 quadrans, 140 
 qualus, 76 
 quid agis, 156 
 quin, 130 
 Quindecimviri, 109 
 quintessence, 18 
 Quiris, 47 
 quo, 132 
 quotus, 202 
 
 E. 
 
 rado, 126 
 
 Esetia, Eas, 95, 149 
 rapio, 66 
 rapidus, 49 
 ravus, 125 
 

 /.\'/<f\ VO THE KO 
 
 ro, in composition, 41 
 
 Kca Silvia, G 
 
 rcctus, rccta nomina, 227 
 
 opp. to curvus, 230 
 
 Regulus, 69 
 
 relativo, its agi*ecment in casc, 149, 
 
 150 
 renideo, 70 
 repotia, 169 
 rcpulsa, 64 
 reservoirs, 141 
 respicio, 20 
 respondeo, 230 
 Kesurrection, 99 
 revocatus=encored, 229 
 rex bibendi, 10, 13 
 rimosa auris, 186 
 ringi, 232 
 ptyavms, 47 
 robustus, 77 
 Komulus, adj., 97 
 rudis, rudimentum, 19 1 
 rumor secundus, 208 
 rumpor, 221, 222 
 Rupilius, 153 
 
 Sabbata, tricesima, 158 
 sacramentum, 57 
 saeculuni, 108 
 sagitta, snake, 86 
 sagmina, 24 
 sal, 159 
 Salernum, 214 
 Salii, 37, 227 
 Sallust, 41 
 Sardinian honey, 243 
 
 slaves, 135 
 
 Sarmentus, 146 
 
 Satira, xi, xii. 
 
 Saturium, 151 
 
 Saturnalia, 172 
 
 Satyric drama, 241 
 
 sauces, pickles, 182 
 
 savium, 113 
 
 scalse, 230 
 
 scarus, 168 
 
 Scaurus, Mm., 16 
 
 Scopas, 100 
 
 scriba, 184 
 
 scriber e, re -per • scribere , 1 7 4 
 
 scrinium, 133 
 
 scurra, scurror, 189 
 
 seat of empire, a new proposed, 66 
 
 secuntur, 244 
 
 securis. ad.ya.pis, 95 
 
 secures=thc civil power, 109 
 
 secus, 85 
 
 self-rcliant, 190 
 
 Sempronius Rufus, 169 
 
 senarius, 242 
 
 senex=vetus, 164 
 
 senium, 219 
 
 serere, sermo, 237 
 
 Sertorius, 225 
 
 Servius Tullius, 149 
 
 sexcenti, indefinite number, 145 
 
 sextarius, 72 
 
 Sextus Pompeius, expedition agaiust. 
 110 
 
 sbips, their size, 110 
 
 shoe, of a senator, 150 
 
 si, 184 
 
 sic, 51 
 
 siccus, 23 
 
 Sicilicissito, 226 
 
 sigillaria, 147 
 
 simius, 159, 160 
 Simonides, 41 
 sinistre, 244 
 
 Siren, 172 
 
 Sisyphus, an allegoiy, 215 
 
 slaves, their diarium, 147 
 
 slippers, 193 
 
 snow in Italy, 5 
 
 sodes, 196 
 
 solidus, TGTpdycovos, 65 
 
 solidus, a coin, 178 
 
 sorites, 225 
 
 soul, personified, 102 
 
 Spain, learning in, 61 
 
 Spartacus, 77 
 
 spartum, 114 
 
 speciosus, 239, 243 
 
 spilth, 55 
 
 spina, in metaphor, 213 
 
 splendor, of language, 232 
 
 squilla, scilla, 182 
 
 st, ix, x. 
 
 stamp, of coinage, 237 
 
 stat dies, 88 
 
 status, 68 
 
 Stesichorus, 101 
 
 stilus, 161 
 
 stomachus, 21 
 
 stragula, 175 
 
 strense, etrennes, 100 
 
 studeo, with acc, 228 
 
 sublnstris, 87 
 
 submission, phrases of. 212 
 
 subsido, 125 
 
 subtemen, 122 
 
 summoveo, 56, 5S 
 
 superne, inferne, 60 
 
 Surena, 70 
 
 suspendo, of attention, 227 
 
 Sygambri, 94 
 
 Synnada, marble of, 63 
 
INDEX TO THE NOTES, ETC. 
 
 25S 
 
 gyrma, 240 
 
 Syrtes, 46 
 
 T, 
 
 t, quantity of final, 52 
 
 tabula, 167 
 
 Tarentum, peace of, 144 
 
 Tarpa, Sp. Xaecius, 160 
 
 Teanum, 197 
 
 Telegonus, 88 
 
 Telephus, 127 
 
 Tempe, 12 
 
 Tempestas, sacrifices to, 121 
 
 temples, repairing, 70 
 
 tempus, 46 
 
 termes, 126 
 
 Terpander, 5 
 
 terrenum, 82 
 
 tesca, 213 
 
 thanks, formula of, 141 
 
 Theon, 220 
 
 Thracian excess, 23 
 
 Thressa, 73 
 
 thunni, 183, 184 
 
 thus, tus, 24 
 
 Thyestes, 21, 238 
 
 Thyni, 71 
 
 Tiberius, 199 
 
 tibias, 107, 119 
 
 Tibur, 207 
 
 Tigellius, 134, 135 
 
 timor, metus, 132 
 
 toga, 114 
 
 tonsus, detonsus, 218 
 
 tonstrinas, novpeaKri \a\id, 154 
 
 toral, 182 
 
 tornatus, 244 
 
 Torquatus, 98 
 
 fcorture, a mode of, 214 
 
 traho, 10, 19, 123 
 
 Trebatius Testa, 163 
 
 tribulis, 212 
 
 trifies, phrase for, 219 
 
 trigo ludus, 153 
 
 tripudio, 79 
 
 Triquetra, 187 
 
 Triumph, course of a, 118 
 
 Triumviri, 114 
 
 Troilus, 49 
 
 tumeo, metaph. of passion, 240 
 
 turbo, 127 
 
 Turbo, Tydeus, 179 
 
 turris Maecenatiana, 89 
 
 Tyrants, Lesbian, 53 
 
 Tyrrheni, 149 
 
 U, 
 
 ultor, recitator, 222 
 Ulubras, 210 
 umbilicus, 123 
 unctus, 217, 244 
 undergirding, 19 
 unguis, unguiculus, 71 
 ad unguem, 242 
 nnicus, 76 
 urbanus, 159 
 urtica, 211 
 usury, 219 
 usus, 51 
 uter, 176 
 utrum, an, sive, 234 
 
 Yacuna, 209 
 
 vagrants, Egyptian, 218 * 
 
 Vala, N., 213 
 
 Talgius, C, 48 
 
 vapor, vaporo, 220, 215 
 
 vappa, 133 
 
 Varia, 213 
 
 Varro, Ataciuus, 161 
 
 varus, 173 
 
 vas, vadari, 130 
 
 vates, seei*s, 225 
 
 Veientanum vinum, 175 
 
 Velia, 213 
 
 vendo, 227 
 
 venena, used of persons, 117 
 
 veneror, 109 
 
 venti, in metaph., 222 
 
 Venus, her unbloody sacrifices, 24 
 
 Venus, vulturius, 47 
 
 Venusia, 164 
 
 verb, with several nominatives, 18 
 
 vereor ut, 139 
 
 vertex, vertices, 82 
 
 Vertumnus, 189 
 
 Vesper, Lucifer, 49 
 
 vicem, 117 
 
 victima, hostia, 81 
 
 vilica, vii. 
 
 villas, 55 
 
 violarium, 55 
 
 vindex, 240 
 
 vindicta, festuca, 190 
 
 vkeo, 122 
 
 virens, 127 
 
 virtue, path of. 64 
 
 ii> /uecroTTjTi, 219 
 
 ei 5i5a«Toj/, 221 
 
 vhus, of language, 228 
 vivum, 219 
 
 vocative, in apposition, 186 
 volat verbum, 220 
 Volumnius, Eutrapelus. 219 
 
256 
 
 INDBl Tu THE NOTES, BTC. 
 
 W. 
 
 waggons, grcat size of, 231 
 waste-paper, 229 
 watcr-drinkers, 221 
 white horses, 15 i 
 winds, 71 
 witohes, 115 
 C. de Witte, G5 
 
 woodcock, 113 
 
 warld, how dividcd, 87 
 
 wreatha of merit, 12 
 
 wrecks, painted for mondicants, 23G 
 
 Z. 
 
 zina, 230 
 zones. 87 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 n:iX-?ED BY E. T. WILLIAMS, ETOW. 
 
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