PE 1144 • C76 Copy 1 PE 1144 .C76 Copy 1 Bonsai's Edition. COMLY'S SPELLING READING BOOK. NOTES FOR PARENTS AND TEACHERS; ADAPTED 10 THE USE OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS; i PRIVATE OR FAMILY INSTRUCTION BY JOHN COMtY. PHILADELPHIA : THOMAS L. BONSAI, NO. 33£ MARKET STREET. 1842. < &jkyt^Ae*=M... -^ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Bonsai's Edition. eoMLi's SPELLING AND READING BOOK. WITH NOTES FOR PARENTS AND TEACHERS: ADAPTED TO THE USE OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS, AND PRIVATE OR FAMILY INSTRUCTION. BY JOHN COMLY. PHILADELPHIA: THOMAS L. BONSAL, XO. 33£ MARKET STREET. 1842. Entered according to the Act of Congress, in the year 1842, by Thomas L. Bonsal, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. PREFACE. The compiler of this elementary work, having long observed the difficulties of little children in acquiring a correct knowledge of the alphabet, and the combination of the sounds of letters so as to form words, has been induced to present to parents and teachers another attempt to aid the young pupil in the arduous path of learning to spell and read the English language. The notes, suggestions, directions, and questions, printed in small type, it is hoped will claim the attention, and merit the ap- probation and adoption of those who may be engaged in commu- nicating instruction to, or aiding the efforts of the learner. If it should take twice as long time to attend to one lesson of four let- ters, or four words, in this way, as to go over the whole alphabet, or over a much longer lesson of words, in the customary way, it may not only smoothe the arduous path of the pupil in his first efforts, but be a means of fixing his attention, aiding his memory, and inciting him to exercise his own mental powers. This may, eventually, save half or three-fourths of the time often spent in acquiring a distinct knowledge of the whole twenty-six letters, or the powers of these letters in the spelling of words. But it will be obvious to the patient parent or teacher, that when one of these elementary lessons is learned, and another commenced, the pre- ceding one must not be neglected, nor suffered to be forgotten for want of frequent recitation. As spelling is the reading of letters, and forming words by the combination of their various sounds pronounced in rapid suc- cession, so reading is the mental or silent spelling and vocal pro- nunciation of words, as seen by the eye. The questions are in- tended to embrace the reading of words, as well as spelling them, from the first combinations of two letters, through all the suc- cessive lessons in spelling and reading. The teacher may vary tl^e questions, and increase or diminish them, as appears requisite. The compiler of this work differs in opinion from some who have composed or selected elementary lessons for reading, and who say, "those lessons should treat only on subjects within the range of the pupil's understanding." The fact is, that in the first efforts to read words, the attention of the learner is engaged with the sound more than with the sense. Hence he pronounces only a single word at a time, without reference to others ; and it matters not to him, whether he reads words backward or forward in the sentence. On this principle, the reading of words in the spelling : lessons, or pronouncing them at sight, is urged : for if the pupil *be early made familiar with reading words singly, he will soon i acquire a facility of reading them in connexion with others ; and then his reading lessons may be more adapted to his understand- ing of the subject. ' It is believed that one great cause of so many incorrect spellers, imperfect readers, and inaccurate writers, is the lack of early and continued exercises of "spelling out ofbook." To acquire a cor- rect orthography of our language, for the purposes of business, and the communication of ideas by writing, is justly considered an important object of early instruction. Correct orthography is an essential part of a good literary education. It is confidently be- lieved, that, if the plan herein proposed, of requiring the learner to spell out of book, be early adopted and continued, the great defects which are frequentty apparent in written language would be very much, if not wholly remedied in pupils thus educated. The definition of words, or explaining the meaning of words by other terms more plain and familiar, is a useful exercise of the mental faculties: but "definitions" learned merely by rote, and soon forgotten, aid very little in this enlargement of the under- standing of words. The learning of definitions by rote, however, may strengthen the powers of memory : but a habit of thinking may be induced, and a spirit of inquiry stimulated and called into i action, by the teacher, occasionally at first, and, as the pupil ; advances, more frequently interrogating him on the meaning of j words in his lesson, and assisting him in defining them, till he can j do it in his own terms. I In the first part, the spelling lessons have been selected and 1 arranged so as to form an easy gradation in the simple sounds of ' words. The reading lessons have also been composed and selected I with this view; and the cuts arc intended to please and encourage the young pupil in the pursuit of his studies. The second part of j the work contains exercises of more difficult spelling and reading 1 lessons. The compiler would suggest, when practicable, the formation of classes of pupils, from two to six each, in going through all the lessons in the Speller and Reader herewith submitted to the pub- lic. — See note on page 12. Byberry, 1842. JOHN COMLY. C ML Y'S SPELLING AND READING BOOK. PART I. CHAPTER I. Of Letters, called the Alphabet. In the first efforts of the 3'oung pupil to acquire a knowledge of let- ters, the eye, the ear, and the memory are called into action. The form of a letter strikes the sight, but the name of it must be communicated to the ear by the teacher. To fix and retain the combination of the form or shape, and the sound or name of a single letter in the memory of a child, requires a great effort of his infant powers. Adepts too seldom (if at all) remember their own difficulties in acquiring this important knowledge, and therefore do not enter into those sympatliies with the learner, which are requisite to furnish him with such aids as may render the task less arduous, and facilitate his knowledge of the twenty-six let- ters or characters contained in the alphabet of our language. Hence the whole alphabet, is often given as one lesson to be learned ; that is, to be seen, repeated, and retained in the memory at once : and no common capacity of mental powers is adequate to so gigantic a labour. Beginning with the small letters, as being most in use, let the first three or four, or any others more easily learned, be pointed out as the first lesson ; for it makes no difference which are first learned. In the following examples, when the eye of the pupil has been directed to any particular letter, by pointing to it, for instance a, let him have time suf- ficiently to view its form : then let the name a be distinctly pronounced by the teacher, and repeated by the child. The next thing is to assist the memory in retaining the form and sound. Various methods may be used for this purpose. The shape of the letter may be made by the teacher in the presence of the pupil, on a slate, or on paper, and his memory exercised in repeating its name or sound, as associated with its figure thus made before his eyes. He may also be encouraged to make the letter himself, in imitation of the one made by his teacher, or the one in his lesson, and repeat its name. Or, he may be told that a stands for apple; b for book, &c. ; and thus his recollection of the names of letters be associated w r ith his taste for an apple, his sight of a book, or other object ; or with wood-cuts of visible and well-known things. Again, wood or metal letters may be procured, and put into his hands as toys, which he may show to his playmates, brothers, sisters, or teachers, and tell their names. 1* 6 b € i h 1 in 4 Of F q f w e II i & § j w z y ii x p k d a THE ALPHABET. abcdef gM j klmnop qr § PROMISCUOUS. mwrta^ok SiaiiYpiliqj j c e f SI xz | CHAPTER II. Of spelling ; or reading letters. As the learner will have no immediate use for knowing capital or italic letters, double letters, or figures, his mind and memory need not now be perplexed or burdened with lessons of these characters. The first lessons of the alphabet being sufficiently imprinted in his memory, the regular and transposed alphabet following, may be used as exercises of his acquirements in retaining the knowledge of letters thus obtained. He may next proceed to the combinations of letters into sounds or words, as in the following lessons, which may be learned in horizontal or perpendicular lines, or both, as varying the exercises. The teacher may see the propriety of requiring the pupd to name the letters himself, as a proof of his knowing them at sight, and then give him the idea of their combined sound, as pronounced in rapid succession ; thus, b, a — ba. This is spelli?ig; or reading letters combined into sounds. LESSON 1. ba be bi bo bu da de di do du fa f e fi f o f u LESSON 2. la le li lo lu ma me mi mo mu na ne ni no nu LESSON 3. pa pe pi po pu ra re ri ro ru sa se si so su LESSON 4. ta te ti to tu va ve vi vo vu za ze zi zo zu Questions for the Pupil to answer. What does b, a, spell ? b, e? b, i? b, o? b, u? What letters spell ba? da? &e. What does f, a, spell? f, e ? &c. Then pointing to the letters b, a, ask the pupil what those letters spell without naming them. After thus going through each lesson, let the book be closed, and ask the pupil to say what letters spell ba — be — da — fa ; and any or all the others. This will teach him to read them j in the book without spelling aloud. 8 LESSON 5. ab eb ib ob ub ad ed id od ud af ef if of uf LESSON 6. al el il ol ul am em im om urn an en in on un LESSON 7. ap ep ip op up ar er ir or ur as es is os us LESSON 8. at et it ot ut ac ec ic oc uc ax ex ix ox ux LESSON 9. da se lo we my to bo sa go by me he my he no LESSON 11. he is up to me we go on by it so it is to us LESSON 10. at or in up on as is if of ad et il ox us it LESSON 12. he is up to me we go on by it so it is to us Questions for Exercise. Les. 5.— What does a, b, spell ? a, d ? e, b ? e, f ? i, d ? o, d ? o, f? u, b? &c. What letters spell ab? ad? af? eb ? ib? od ? of? ub ? &c. Les. 6, 7, 8. — Similar questions ; and also to read the words at sight, and spell out of book. Les. 9, 10. — Similar exercises by way of questions and proofs of the pupil's attention. Les. 11, 12. — Same method; to which add the reading of lesson 11 in the closer form of lesson 12. 9 CHAPTER III. Combination of sounds, of three letters. LESSON 1. Ma Me Mi bio Mu bra bre bri bro bru cla cle cli clo clu era ere cri cro era LESSON 2. dra fla fra dre fle fre dri fli fri dro flo fro dru flu fru gra grc gn LESSON 3. gro gru pla pra sha sia pie pre she sle pli pn shi sli LESSON 4. plo pro sho slo plu pru shu slu spa sta tot tra spe ste the tre spi sti thi tri spo sto tho tro spu stu thu tru Les. 1. — When the learner has repeated one line or column after the teacher, let him be asked (pointing to the letters) what b, 1, a, spells? This will exercise his memory. If he has not retained the sound, tell him again, and aid him in recollecting it, till it is fixed in his memory. Then ask him what letters spell bla. When he learns to answer cor- rectly by seeing them, the book may be closed, and the same questions repeated till he can answer them readily. So proceed through all the lessons, which should be short at first, so as not to discourage him. Apply the same or some similar mode of fixing his attention, through all the combinations of letters in lessons 2, 3, and 4, which will prepare him for words of three letters, as in chapter IV. 10 CHAPTER IV. bad lad mad pad far mar par tar bed fed led red met pet set wet Words of three letters. LESSON 1. ban fan man pan LESSON 2. bat cat fat hat LESSON 3. ben fen hen men LESSON 4. beg leg keg peg ran tan bar car mat pat rat sat pen ten bet let sex vex get yet bid did lid kid bin din fin kin cob fob mob rob cub hub rub tub LESSON 5. big dig fig Fg pm sin tin win LESSON 7. hod nod pod rod LESSON 8. fun run sun tun rig wig dim him bit nit pit sit fop hop lop top but cut nut put Questions to be asked the learner, after repeating lesson 1st, CfC. What does b, a, d, spell? 1, a, d? m, a, d? p, a, d? and so of the rest. What letters spell bad ? lad ? mad ? pad ? and so on. Then, pointing to the word, ask him what those letters spell, without naming them. If he answers, bad, lad, mad, &c, he reads them ; that is, spells them mentally. Thus carry him through the lesson, till the words become familiar to him at sight; then close the book, and ask him what letters spell bad, lad, mad, and so on. This is spelling out of book, and will soon become easy to him, if his lesson be not too long. Thus proceed through all the lessons on this page, which may prepare him for first spelling, then reading the following reading lesson. 11 READING LESSONS. a man and a lad an ant and a fly the cow and the ox the sun is not set the boy and his top the man and his dog LESSON 9. LESSON 12. bag rag vat bay nay way cag tag lax day lay ^y lag wag tax hay pay ray nag dam LESSON 10. wax may say LESSON 13. jay get fix dip bee die doe net mix hip fee lie hoe yet six lip lee pie roe sex wit LESSON 11. rip see tie LESSON 14. toe bog for bug bow dew cry dog nor hug low few dry hog box lug mow hew fly log fox mug row new thy The reading lessons to be first spelled ; then questions asked, as, What does m, a, n, spell ? a, n, d ? 1, a, d ? a, n, t ? f, 1, y ? c. o, w ? &,c. Pointing to the word man, ask, what word is that ? so to all the others in the lesson. Then let him read them by his own effort. If diffident, or unable, let them be pronounced very slowly, with pointing to each ; and let the pupil repeat them till familiar. Lastly, close the book, and ask him to spell them from memory. To lessons 9, 10, &c, let the exercising questions of the preceding lessons be applied until the learner has acquired a tolerable idea of the power of letters in forming sounds or words. Let these be read in suc- cession, and spelled out of book, as before. 12 We had a red cow and a fat pig. the boy cut his lip on the ice. as the sun is set, he may go to bed. LESSON 15. LESSON 16. ark elm oft aid ode oak arm elk boy ail old oar and end coy aim ore urn art ink toy air owe thy ant imp J°J all use wnj CAPITAL LETTERS. ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP QRSTUVWXYZ OWBMDIZCLATSVEYN JHRFXGKPQU CHAPTER V. Words of four lettws. LESSON I. LESSON 2. Band bend dint born bung mend hand lend hint corn hung tend land rend lint horn rung ring sand send mint morn sung sing Let the same kind of questions be asked in relation to the words in the reading lesson, as before — and the spelling out of book to be attended to. Proceed to interrogate on the' spelling lessons 15 and 16, as before. The capital letters being learned, exercise the pupil in words of four letters as in those of three. As children are social beings, it is of importance to form classes, even of two or three or .more, in learning to spell and read. The stimulus of company, and the interest or emulation of excelling, may thus enliven the exertions, and encourage the efforts of one another. The questions may be proposed to a class as to an individual, each answering in rota- tion, and taking precedence according to proficiency. The words of a lesson may be read in rotation, as well as spelled in book and out, taking care not to make the lesson too long to be well learned. 13 READING LESSON. It is the lot of all men to die. My son, go not in the way of bad men. For God can see us in all we do. - LESSON 3. Bang belt ding dock buck rust hang felt king lock duck must pang melt ring mock luck dust sang pelt sing rock LESSON 4. suck lust Bank bent dish bond bump much rank lent fish pond lump such sank sent link cord pump burn cast damp rent mink lord last lamp tent sink fork turn nest READING LESSON. The cat, the j dog, and the hog are all fed. The pen and ink are not to be had Pay the boy for his cat, and let her go. LESSON 5. Lark deck gift cost hunt bush bark neck lift lost hurt push dark nest sift moth jump harp hark best fist loth just farm mark rest mist sort ' dust harm After each of these lessons is spelled, ask the learner or class what the words are, (pointing to them severally,) till he or they can thus read them readily : then let him, or the class, spell them out of book regularly, each lesson. Ask them the meaning of some of the most simple, adapted to their capacities, when spelling, either in the book or out — thus to fix their attention on the lesson: for instance, what is the meaning of the word lock, fork, fish, dark, hunt : but avoid too many questions of this kind at first, lest the pupils be discouraged. 14 READING LESSON. 1 1 1 The eye of God is on us all the day. i He sees all we ; do, and he can hear all we say. | Let us fear him, ?md do no ill. J LESSON 6. * ' Bake dale deep bile bold fume make fame feed file fold mute rake lame feel find told duke take tame keep bind sold rude wake late meek mind hold LESSON 7. rule I i j Date bead beat line mile bone hate beam heat life dive home I mate deal near time hive tone fade leaf hear dine pine rope lade fear meal five vice HEADING LESSON. more A lid is made to put on a box. • The sky is blue, and the air is fine. But let us not go out in the wet and mud. LESSON 8. Gave seek like note muse moon pave seem bite mode tube poor save reed vine bolt cure soon gale beat wise bold pure tool fail meet wine blow tune noon hail leap fire grow glue boot rain reap tide snow blue root pain seat ripe slow flew loop Let the class or learner be asked the same kinds of questions on these lessons, as before : let every word be first spelled in book , then read or pronounced at sight, and then spelled out of book. The owl can see in the dark : his nest is made in the hole of an old tree : here he can hide in the day time, so as hot to be seen. In the dusk of eve, or when it is dark, he goes out to seek his food, and lives on mice, birds, and meat, when he can find them. LESSON 9. Cash left bill blot club star lash help fill drop drug trap rash bell hill crop plug bled hath fell mill spot snug sled lath sell till stop slut trim dash tell will frog spur strip A bag of sand, and a sack of corn. The boy was sent to ring the bell. He hurt his hand, and made it sore. LESSON 10. Lamb step limp loft husk will star sled mist soft drum when snap then live clod shut that spar bled king shot thus them trap bred link trot must this Continue the interrogatory exercises on each lesson, as before, and let each word be read at sight — also spelled out of book ; but make not the lessons too long. Select some of the easy words for exercising the attention of the pupils in defining them. 16 READING LESSON. A good boy will hurt none in his play, if he can help it ; nor will he s o much as try to vex them. But he will love all, and be kind to all : for this is the best way to gain the love and good will of all. LESSON 11. Bail free clip flow bull boil fail tree spin goat full foil nail thee slip host pull toil pail seen wilt most blew soil rail reed wink road flew gout sail teen trip post grew loud tail year milk toad drew noun vain zeal silk toll slew pout READING LESSON. We can hear the bird .sing in the tree, And see the fish swim in the run ; The lamb can play by the side of its dam, And the good boy take care of his book. LESSON 12. Ball edge give book gust wash call fret gift cook bulk work halt next this look dull worm hall well quit hook grub bird salt when spit nook spur dirt fall went with took gulf fish warm wren rich wool curb wish walk them risk wood such play want then thin foot thus stay Examine the class in spelling, rending, an d defining, as before. 17 CHAPTER V. Words of ft ve letters , of one and two syllables. LESSON 1. \\ Bland brant start ha ker brand plant smart ba sin gland slant clamp ca per grand black cramp era zy stand crack stamp cri er blank slack spark cru el drank track brass dial flank stack glass di et frank blast class do nor plank grasp grass duty READING LESSON. Be just, and true, and kind to all. Do to all men as you like to be done to. Say no bad words, and keep to the truth \ By tbis means you will gain the love of all. LESSON 2. Blend shell fatal fence spend smell fe ver hence blest spell fi nal pence crest swell fu el sense drest bless glory tenth bencb dress gra vy spent dwell flesh press gru el fpesh tress holy dwelt After spelling a column or lesson, let the class be questioned on the reading of words, or mental spelling, as before : then spell out of book, and give their own definitions of a few of the words as understood. 2* 18 Tlie Wren. - -* "! ->"---'_, - -~ " / ■ iMf TK£ - - '■= • r " - \ " - : ^ nHT Wwmmk se^B^iE A wren is a small bird ; it makes its nest in a hole of a tree, in a wall, or a box, or some such place. Its eggs are small, and it is said to have five or six young ones at a time. The old birds feed them with worms and flies, and take good care of them till they can fly. LESSON 3. Brick bring hii man drill stick fling J u *7 drift quick sling lady snill blink sting la zy quill drink flint le gal still slink print li ar strip think brisk li on mince cling frisk lo cal since block broth ma ker botch clock sloth na val notch flock horse o pen north frock prong o ver brown Is the wren a large bird, or a small one ? Where does it build its^iest ? How many young ones has it ? What does it feed them with ? Les. 3. — What letters spell brick? stick? quick? &c. Read the first word in the lesson — the next' — next, and so on. Or, pointing to the words separately, ask the learner what they are, by seeing the Tetters : then close the book, and require the words spelled out of book. 19 John and James are good boys ; they love to read their hooks, and to keep them nice and clean. They must have pens and paper, or a slate and pencil, that they may learn to write. LESSON 4. Pli er broth blunt snuff po ker cloth grunt stuff po em short crust budge ri der snort trust judge ri ot prong blush drunk ri pen thong brush trunk ru ler dross plump churn so ber gloss stump spurn The Lord made thee, my child, and me, and ail things. The same good hand that made us, made the birds and lishes, the flies and the worms. It is he that gives us life and breath and food, with all the good things that we have. LESSON 5. spade grape snare spare brave shave grave slave Blame frame flame shame brake shake blade glade Les. 4 ahd 5. — After being spelled in the book, let each word be read distinctly, and then spelled out of book, as before. Also the words in the reading lessons that are not familiar to the mind of the pupil. sto ny sto ry ta per to tal to ken tu lip tu tor vi per bleed breed steel steed cheek * sneer fleet greet 20 Ann and Jane spell their lessons well; they will soon learn to read, and to spell out of book, as well as in. Sarah can write on a slate. She takes care to do it neatly, and may soon write on paper with a pen and ink. LESSON 6. Beech bribe prime spite ac tor leech tribe clime drive ad der creep bride shrine twine af ter sheep glide brine prize al um sleep slide shine spike am ber steep pride thine blind an ger sweep smile spire light an tic sweet stile quire night at las READING LESSON. An adder is the name of a snake, or viper. Alum is a kind of salt, that is used in dying cloth or linen, to set or fix the colour. A book of maps is called an atlas. Twine is made of hemp, flax, or tow, Clove drove stove blote smote spoke smoke snore store quote wrote drone prone floor LESSON 7. cam el car go car ry el der em ber en ter dit to brute spool flute stool prune goose plume groom crude gloom prude sloop truce broom mma mat id douP iv erne ladle, id caliea a?i ace a, veeaiide tfce iiaozoi acia / T oie m mean-J doiiP* 109 Jz/todtm id tnedmce op 4 foee, Mat mnd otd e &£n a?in aeezeJ, &naJz vei//ava Jnee ofeenvu" 113 PART IV. CHAPTER I. Of words nearly alike in sound, but different in spelling and signification; and therefore needful to be committed to memory ', so as to be properly distinguished. To designate the parts of speech, n. stands for noun; a. for adjective ; pro. for pronoun ; v. for verb • pa, or part, for participle ; ad. for adverb ; con. for conjunc- tion; pr. for preposition; in. for interjection. LESSON 1. A'bel, n. a man's name. A'ble, a. having power. account', n. a narrative. accompt', n. a reckoning, acts, n. deeds, actions, axe, n. a tool to chop with. ail, v. to be sick. ale, n. malt drink, air, n. that we breathe, heir, n. inheritor of estate. all, a. every one. awl, n. a tool to make holes. al'tar, n. for sacrifice, al'ter, v. to change. ant, n. an insect. aunt, n. a relation, arc, n. part of a circle, ark, n. a boat or vessel. ascent', n. going up. assent', n. agreement, ba'con, n. hog's flesh, ba'ken, part, in an oven. Bail, n. surety. Bale, n. a parcel of goods. baize, n. a kind of cloth. bays, n, bay trees, ball, n. a round substance, bawl, v. to cry aloud. bare, a. naked, unco- vered. bear, n. a wild beast. bear, v. to sustain, to suffer, be, v. to exist, bee, n. an insect. beach, ?i. a shore of land. beech, n. a tree, bean, n. a vegetable, been, part, have been. beat, v. to strike. beet, n. a vegetable, beau, n. a gay young man. bow, n. to shoot arrows. beer, n. to drink. bier,n. to carry the dead 10* 114 Counsel to Youth. A pious and wise man gave this advice to his children : , " So soon as you wake in the morning, retire your minds into a pure silence from all thoughts and ideas of worldly things ; and, in this frame or state, wait upon God ; — to feel his good presence ; to lift up your hearts to him ; and commit your whole selves into his blessed care and protection." LESSON 2. Bell, n. sounding metal. Belle, n. a gay girl. ber'ry, n. a fruit. bury, v. to lay in the grave, blew, v. did blow. . blue, a. a colour. boar, n. a male swine. bore, v. to make a hole, bolt, n. to fasten a door, boult, v. to sift flour. bough, n. a branch. bow, v. to bend down, bread, n. to eat. bred, pa. brought up. break, v. to part by force. brake, v. to dress flax, bruise, n. a hurt, brews, v. doth brew. bur 'row, n. a place for rabbits. bor'ough, n. a town, buy, v. to purchase, by, pr. near to. call, v. to cry out. caul, n. a kind of net. can, v. to be able, cann, n. a vessel. Can'non, n. a great gun. Can'on, n. a law or rule. cane, n. a staff, shrub. Cain, n. a man's name, cell, n. a hollow place, sell, v. to dispose of. cellar, n. under a house. seller, n. one who sells, cent, n. a piece of money, sent, v. did send, scent, n. smell, odour. ces'sion, n. a giving up. ses'sion, n. act of sitting, chol'er, n. anger, rage, col'lar, n. for the neck. ceil, v. to plaster. seal, v. to fasten, ceiling, n. inner roof, sealing, pa. fastening with a seal. ci'on, n. a young sprout. Si 'on, n. a mountain, cite, v. to summon. site, n. situation, place, sight, n. sense of seeing. clause, n. part of a sen- tence. claws, n. feet of a bird. 115 Ever bear in mind that God is present, and that he is the overseer of all your thoughts, words, and actions ; and behave yourselves accordingly. Never do any thing in his holy, all-s^eeing presence, that you would be ashamed a man, or even a child should see you do. Do not that which you blame in another ; neither do that to another which you would not that another should do to you. LESSON 3. Climb, v. to ascend, clime, n. region, climate. close, v. to shut up. clothes, n. garments, coarse, a. not tine, course, n. order, way. complement, n. remain- der. com'pliment, n. kind words, coun'cil, n. an assembly, coun'sel, v. to advise. cous'in, n. a relation. coz'en, v. to deceive, creak, v. to make a harsh noise, creek, n. a stream of water. cm 'e\,a. fierce, inhuman. crew'el, n. worsted yarn, cur 'rant, n. a garden fruit, cur 'rent, n. now passing. cruise, v. to sail for plun- der. crews, n. ships' compa- nies, cyg'net, n. a young swan, sig'net, n. a seal. Cym'bal, n. a musical in- strument, sym'bol, n. a sign, type. dam, v. to stop water. damn, v. to condemn. dear, a. of great value, deer, n. a wild beast. dew, n. that falls at night. due, a. owing, die, v. to lose life, dye, v . to colour or stain. dire, a. dreadful. dy'er, n. a person who colours, doe, n. a female deer, dough, n. unbaked bread. done, pa. acted, per- formed. dun, n. a colour, dram, n. a small quantity, drachm, n. part of an on nee. east,?z.toward sunrising. yeast, n. foam of beer, ear, n. organ of hearing, ere, ad. before. eye, n. organ of sight. I, pro. myself. 116 As you have intervals from your lawful business or employment, delight to step home (1 mean within yourselves) and commune with your own hearts, and be still. There you will find and enjoy, both with you and in you, a treasure that the world knows not of ; but it is the aim, end, and object of the children of God. This will bear you up against temptations, and under trials ; and it will carry you sweetly and evenly through the business of the day. It will support you, and preserve you under disap- pointments, and moderate your enjoyment of success and prosperity. LESSON 4. Fain, a. desirous, feign, v. to pretend. faint, a. weak, weary. feint, n. a pretence, fair, a. clear, beautiful, fare, n. food, passage. feat, n. an exploit, action. feet, ft. to stand on. fellow, ft. an equal, felloe, n. rim of a wheel. flee, v. to run. flea, n. an insect, fir, ft. a kind of tree, fur, ft. soft hair of beasts. flew, v. did fly. flue, ft. outlet for smoke, flour, ft. meal, flow'er, ft. a blossom. fore, a. first in order. four, ft. twice two. forth, ad. abroad, out doors, fourth, a. in number. foul, a. filthy. fowl, ft. a bird. Frays, n. quarrels, phrase, n. manner of speech. gate, ft. a kind of door. gait, ft. manner of walk- ing- gilt, a. covered with gold, guilt, n. sin, crime. gore, ft. blood clotted. goer, ft. one that goes, grate, n. to burn coal, great, a. large. gra'ter, n. a coarse rasp. great'er, a. larger, groan, v. to moan, to sigh, grown, pa. enlarged. hale, a. healthy. hail, n. frozen rain, hair, n. of the head, hare, n. an animal. hall, ft. a large room. haul, v. to pull by force, heal, v. to cure, heel, ft. part of the foot. 117 Be just in all things : first, to God, as your creator and preserver, by rendering to him his due — gratitude and love. Next, to your parents, give filial affection and obedience. To one another, feel kindness and sincere friendship ; and do to all people as you would they should do to you. LESSON 5. Heart, n. the seat of life, hart, n. a wild beast. hear, v. to perceive sounds. here, ad. in this place, hew, v. to cut, to chop, hue, a. colour. hire, n. wages. higher, a. more high. him., pro. himself, hymn, n. a song of praise. ho ! in. call of attention. hoe, n. a garden tool, hole, n. an opening, whole, a. perfect, all. holy, a. pure, sacred. wholly, ad. entirely. hour, n. sixty minutes, our, pro. belonging to us. idle, a. doing nothing. idol, n. an image, ile, n. a passage, alley, isle, n. an island. in, pre. within, not out. inn, n. a public lodging- place, [writing, indite', v. to compose indict', v. to impeach, to charge. jam, n. preserved fruits. jamb, n. side post or wall. Kill, v. to deprive of life, kiln, n. a large oven. knead, v. to work dough. need, n. want, knew, v. did know, new, a. not old, fresh. knit, v. to join, unite. nit, n. the egg of insects, knot, n. made by tying. not, ad. denying, [ledge. know, v. to have know- no, a. not any. lade, v. to dip water, load. laid, par. placed. lane, n. a road, passage. lain, par. been still, leak, v. to run out. leek, n. a vegetable. leave, v. to depart from. lieve, ad. willingly, led, v. did lead, lead, n. metal. [learned. les'son, n. portion to be les'sen, v. to make less. li'ar, n. one who tells lies, lyre, n. a harp for music. limb, n. a branch, mem- ber. limn, v. to paint pictures, loan, n. a thing lent, lone, a. by itself, alone. 118 The ivay to become happy. How pleasant it is, at the close of the day, No follies to have to repent ; But reflect on the past, and be able to say, That my time has been properly spent. When I've done all my business with patience and care, And been good, and obliging, and kind, I lie on my pillow, and sleep away there, With a happy and satisfied mind. LESSON 6. Low, a. humble, lo, in. behold. made, pa. finished. maid, ?i. a girl, main, a. chief part, mane, n. hair of a horse. maize, n. Indian corn. maze, n. a winding pas- sage, male, a. of the he-kind, mail, n. armour; bag of letters. man 'ner,?z.custom,mode. man 'or, n. a large tract of land. [der. mar'shal, v. to place in or- mar'tial, a. warlike. mean, a. low, vile. [ner. mien, n. look and man- meat, n. flesh for food, meet, v. to come together, mete, v. to measure. met'al, n. gold, silver, &c. met 'tle,n. courage, spirit, might, n. power, mite, n. a small insect. Mi 'ner, n. a worker in mines. [less. mi 'nor, n. one under age ; moan, v. to grieve aloud. mown, pa. cut down, moat, n. a ditch for defence, mote, n. a particle of dust. more, a. greater. mow 'er,n. he that mows, mor'tar, n. to pound in. mor'ter, n. for building. muse, v. to think. mews, v. doth mew. nay, ad. no, not so. neigh, v. as a horse. naught, a. bad. nought, n. nothing, oar, n. a paddle to row a ore, n. crude metal, [boat. o'er,jor. over. one, a. the first number. won, v. did win. pail, n. a wooden vessel, pale, a. a light colour. pain, n. distress. pane, n. square of glass. 119 But instead of all this, when it must be confess'd, That I careless and idle have been, I lie down as usual, and go to my rest, But feel discontented within. Now, as I don't like all the trouble I've had, In future, I'll try to prevent it ; Since I never am naughty, without being sad, Nor good, without being contented, LESSON 7. Pair, n. two. pare, v. to cut off. pear, n. a fruit. [quiet. pa 'tie nee, n. calmness, pa'tients, n. sick people, pause, n. a stop, paws, n. feet of a beast. peace, h. quietness. piece, n. a part, peal, n. sound of bells. peel, v. to strip off. peer, n. a nobleman. pier, n. pillar of a bridge, plain, a. level; not gaudy, plane, n. a joiner's tool. plum, n. a fruit. plumb, a. upright, pray, v. to ask, beseech, prey, n. plunder, ravage. prac'tice,w.common use. prac 'tise,w. to do by habit, prin'cipal, a. chief, [cause, principle, n. first moving profit, n. gain. proph'et, n. a foreteller, rain, n. drops from the clouds, rein, n. part of a bridle, reign, v. to rule, govern. Raise, v. to lift up. rays, n. beams of light. read, v. to peruse a book. reed, n. a shrub, rest, n. ease, wrest, v. to force. right, a. just and true. rite, n. form, ceremony. write, v. as with a pen. wright, n. a workman, ring, n. a circle, wring, v. to twist. rye, n. a kind of grain. wry, a. crooked, road, n. the highway, rode, v. did ride. roe, n. a female deer. row, n. things in a line, rote, ad. by memory, wrote, v. did write. sale, n. act of selling. sail, n. of a ship, sea, n. body of water. see, v. to behold. seam, n. made with a needle. seem, v. to appear, pre- sear, v. to burn. [tend, seer, n. a prophet. 120 Seas, n. great waters. Tail, n. the end of a thing. sees, v. seeth. tale, n. a story. seize, v. to lay hold of. tare, n. weight allowed. shear, v. to cut off. tear, v. to rend. sheer, a. pure, clear. tear, n. drop from the eye. sign, n. a token. tier, n. a long row. sine, ri. a line in geometry. the, an article. slay, v. to kill. [riage. thee, pro. thyself. sleigh, n. a sliding car- there, ad. in that place. slight, v. to neglect. their, pro. of them. sleight, n. artful practice. tide, n. of the sea. soar, v. to mount up. tied, v. fastened. sore, n. a hurt, ulcer. time, n. duration. sow'er, n. one that sows. thyme, n. an herb. sole, n. bottom of the foot. toe, n. part of the foot. soul, n. immortal spirit. tow, n. of flax. some, a. a part. two, a. twice one. sum, n. whole amount. too, ad. likewise. son, n. a male child. to, pre. unto. sun, n. that shines. veil, ii. a covering. sow, v. to scatter seed. vale, n. a valley. so, ad. thus, in like man- vain, a. fruitless. ner. vein, n. passage of blood. sew, v. with a needle. vice, n. sin. stairs, n. rising steps. vise, n. a screw. stares, v. looks earnestly. way, n. road, path. stake, n. a fixed post. weigh, v. to balance. steak, n. a piece of beef. waste, v. to spend. steal, v. to pilfer. waist,n.part of the body. steel, n. metal. wait, v. to stay. stile,??,.steps over a fence. weight, n. heaviness. style, ii. manner of writ- ware, n. merchandise. ing. wear, v. to put on clothes. straight, a. not crooked. weak, a. feeble. strait, a. narrow. week, n. seven days. suc'cour, n. help. wood, n. timber. suck'er, n. a sprout. would, v. was willing. tacks, n. small nails. weath'er, n. state of the air. tax, n. a tribute. weth'er, n. a sheep. 121 CHAPTER II. A Collection of Words ivilh their Definitions. The accented syllable marked with the vowel sound, as heard in the following scheme. Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin— no, move, nor, not — tube, tab, bull — oil — pound. ABS Aban'don, v. to forsake, abase', v. to bring low. abash', v. to make ashamed abate', v. to make less, abbreviate, v. to shorten, abbreviation, n. a shortening. ACQ Abstruse', a. difficult, hidden, absurd', a. foolish, abuu'dance, n. plenty, abu'sive, a. rude, deceitful, abyss', n. a great depth, acad'emv, n. a school. ab'dieate, v. to give up right. ] accede', v. to admit. | acces'sary,^. helping forward. j acces'sion, n. increase. j ac'cident, n. that which hap- pens. ! acceptable, a. pleasing. abduce', v. to draw away, abet', v. to assist, to encou rage. - , aberration, n. a wandering, abhor', v. to hate, to loathe. abide', t\ to dwell in a place, j accom'modate, v. to suit, ab'ject, a, mean, worthless. ! accom'plish. v. to fulfil, abil'ity, n. power, capacity. ! accord', v. to agree, ablu'tion, n. act of cleansing, accost', v. to address, salute. abolish, v. to destroy. | account'ant, n. skilled in ac- abom'inable, «. hateful. counts, abor'tive, «. fruitless. i accou'tr,e, p. to equip, dress, abound', v. to have plenty. accrue', v. to arise from, add to abridge', v. to make shorter, ab'rogate, v. to repeal, abrupt', a. broken, sudden, abscond', v. to hide one's self, absolve', v. to acquit, pardon, ab'solute, a. not limited, absotb', v. to swallow up. abstain', v. to forbear, abste'mious, a. temperate, ab'stinence, n. fasting, ab'stract, n. smaller quantity. accu'mulate, v. to heap up. ac'curate, a. exact, nice, accusa'tion, n. a charge, ace'tous, a. sour, achieve', v. to perform, finish, a'cid, a. sour, sharp, acknowl'edge, v. to own, to confess. acou'stics,?i. theory of sounds, acquiesce', v. to be satisfied with. 11 AER 122 ALL Acquiescence, n. consent, j submission. acquire', v. to gain. acquisition, n. the thing gained. acquit', v. to set free. ac'rimony, n. sharpness, se- verity. dc'tive, a. busy, quick. uc'tuate, v. to put in action. acute', a. sharp, ingenious. adapt', v. to suit, to fit. addict', v. to give up to. adduce', v. to bring forward. adept', n. one that is skilful. ad 'equate, a. equal to. adhere', v. to stick to. adhe'rence, n. attachment. adhe'sive, a. sticking to. adja'eent, a. lying close to. adjective,?!, a word of quality. adjourn', v. to put off. adjust' v. to put in order. admin'ister, v. to give, afford. ad'mirable, a. wonderful. admira'tion, n. wonder. | admit', v. to suffer, to allow. admon'ish, v. to warn, to re- prove, to advise. adopt', v. to take by choice. adora'tion, ;?. worship. advantage, jr. profit, gainv adventitious, a. something added. a&ven'ture, ?z. chance, hazard. adversary, n. an enemy, op- poser. * ad'verse, a. contrary. I adula'tion, n. flattery, praise, | adult*, a. full grown. j ad'voc-ate, n. s pleader. | ae'rial, a. high in the air. Aerol'ogy, n> science of the air. affable, a. easy, courteous. affecta'tion, n. imitation. affec'tion, n. love, kindness. affin'ity, n. relation by mar- riage. aifirma'tion,tt.act of declaring. afflic'tion, n. sorrow, misery. affluence, n. wealth, riches. a'gent, n. a deputy, factor. dg'grandize, v. to make great. ag'gravate, v. to make worse. ig'gregate, n.the whole mass. aggrieve', v. to vex. a'gile, a. nimble, quick. agil'ity, n. activity. a'gitate, v. to put in motion. ag'ony, n. violent pain. agree'able, a. pleasant. ag'riculture, n. tillage, farm- ing. • alabas'ter, n. soft marble. alac'rity, n. cheerfulness. al'cohol, n. spirits of wine. alert', a. watchful, brisk. al'ien, n. a foreigner. al'ienate, v. to draw from. al'iment, n. food, nourish- ment. allay', v. to mix ; to quiet. allege', v. to declare. allegory, a. figurative story. alle'viate, v. to ease, to soften. alliance, n. kindred, league. allotment, n. part, share. allow', if. to permit, to yield. alloy', n. base metal. allude', v. to hint a^. allure', v. to entice. allu'sion, n. a hint. allu'vial, a. a soil made by washing. ANN 123 APP Alms, a. gifts to the poor, aloof, ad. at a distance. alterea'tion, a. debate, quarrel alternately, ad. by turns. al'titude, a. height. amaze'ment, a. wonder. ambassador, a. a person sent. ambig'uous, a. doubtful. ambi'tious, a. aspiring. am'bush, a. a lying in wait. ame'nable, a. accountable. amen', ad. so be it. amerce', v. to fine. a'miable, a. lovely, pleasing. am'icable, a. friendly, kind. am'ity, a. friendship, am'plify, v. to enlarge. amphib'ious, a. living in air and water. am'putate, tfc to cut off a limb. amuse'ment, a. entertainment. anal'ogy, n. when one thing is like another. anat'omy, n. dissecting bo- dies ; a skeleton. an'cestor, a. a forefather. an'cient, a. old, long past, former. an'ecdote, a. a small history. an'gel, a. a person sent. an'gle, n. a corner. an'guish, n. severe pain, grief. animadver'sion, a. censure. an'imal, a. a living creature. animalcule, a. a very small animal. an'imate, v. to make lively. animos'ity* n. hatred, ill-will. an'nals, n. histories. annex', v. to join to. anni'hilate, v. to blot out, de- stroy. Anniversary, a. annual feast. announce', v. to proclaim. annoy', v. to vex, to tease, anmual, a. yearly. annu'ity, a. yearly payment. annul', v. to make void. an'odyne, n. soothing pain. anoint', v. to rub with oil. anom'aly, a. departure from rule. anon'ymous,«. wanting name. antagonist, a. an opposer. antece'dent, a. going before. anticipate, v. to take before- hand. antip'athy,a. hatred, aversion. ant! p 'odes, a. feet to feet; or those who live on the other side of the globe. antiq'uity, a. old times. anxi'ety, a. trouble of mind. anx'ious, a. uneasy, though t- ape'rient, a. purgative, [ful. ap'erture, a. an opening. a'piary, a. a house for bees. apology, a. excuse. ap'oplexy, a. a disease. appal', r. to affright. appar'el, a. dress. appa'rent, a. plain, visible. appeal', v. to apply to another. appease', v. to quiet, to calm. appellation, a. name, title. append'age, a. something added. appertain', v. to belong to. ap'petite, n. desire of food. applause', a. approbation. applicable, a. suitable, proper. appoint', v. to fix, to settle. appreciate, i>. to value, to estimate. ASS 124 AVE Apprehend', v. to lay hold on. approach', v. to draw near. approbation, n. act of ap- proving. appropriate, a. proper, [to. approximate, v. to draw near ap'titude, ??. fitness. aquat'ic, a. growing in wster. aq'uiline, a. like an eagle. ar'able, a. fit for tillage. ar'bitrary, a. absolute. ar'bitrate, v. to decide, to judge of. [bow. arch'er, n. a shooter with a ar'chitect, n. a builder. ar'dent, a. hot, fierce, eager. ar'duous, a. difficult, lofty. argilla'ceous, a. like potter's clay. ar'id, a. dry, parched. aromat'ic, a. spicy, fragrant. arrange', v. to put in order. arrear'age, n. what is yet due. ar'rogate, v. to claim unjustly. ar'roganee, n. haughtiness. articula'tion, n. forming words. ar'tifice, n. a trick, fraud. artificial, a. made by art. art'less, or. simple, without art. ascend', v. to mount up. ascend'ency, n. influence. ascribe', v. to impute to. ascertain', v. to make certain. as'pect, 77. look, appearance. aspeVity, n. roughness. asperse', v. to slander. aspira'tion, n. ardent wish. aspire', v. to desire eagerly. assail', v. to attack. assault', v. to do violence. assem'blage, n. a collection. assert', v. to affirm, maintain. Assertion, n. act of asserting. assidu'ity, n. diligence. assign', v. to mark out, to ap- point. assign 'uient,??. a making over. ! ass6'ciate,?j. to company with. | assuage', v. to abate, soften. | assume, v. to claim. \ aston'ish, v. to amaze. ! astral, a. starry. i astrin'gent, a. binding. astron'omy, n. science of the stars. asy'lum, n. place of safety. athlet'ic, a. strong, robust. at'rnosphere, n. the air. at'om, n. a small particle. atro'cious, a. very wicked, I base. ; attach 'ment, n. fixed regard. ! attain, v. to arrive at. | attain'ment, n. something gained. attempt', v. to venture, to try. ; attention, n. a taking heed. : atten'uate, a. very thin, slen- I attest', v. to witness. [der. attire', n. clothes, dress. I at'titude, n. posture. | attor'ney, n. a lawyer. j attract', v. to draw, to allure. i attraction, n. power of draw- ing. ! attrib'ute,r.to ascribe, impute. avail', v. to profit. avail 'able, a. profitable. av'arice, n. desire of gain. auda'cious,??. bold, impudent. au'dible, a. that may be heard. au'dience, n. a hearing. avenge', v. to punish. av'enue, n. an entrance. BEA 125 BLA av erage, n. a medium, averse', a. unwilling, augment', v. to increase, av'iary, n. a place to keep birds, avld'ity, n. eagerness, avoid', v. to shun, avow', v. to declare openly, auspi'cious, a. favourable, auster'ity, n. severity, authentic, a. genuine, au'thor, n. writer of a book, authority, n. power, credit, au'tumn, n. fall of the year, auxiliary, n. a helper, award', v. to adjudge, awe, n. reverence, aw'fulness, n. solemnity, az'ure, a. blue. B. Bach'elor, n. a man unmar- ried. badge, n. a mark, token, baffle, v. to confound, balk, bail, n. surety for another, ballast, n. weight, balm'y, a. soothing, soft, bane'ful, a. poisonous, ban'ish, v. to drive away. bank'rupt,n.one unable to pay. ban'ner, n. a flag, ban'quet, n. a feast, barbar'ity, n. cruelty, bir'barous, a. cruel, inhuman, bar'gain, n. a contract, bar'ren, «. unfruitful, bar'ter, v. to exchange, bash'ful, a. modest, shy. ba'sis, n. ground work, bathe, v. to wash, bea'con. n. a mark. Beach, n. a shore. beat'itude, n. blessedness. beau'tify, v. to adorn. b^ck'on, v. to make a sign. befriend', v. to favour. beguile', v. to deceive. behoof, n. profit. belief, n. credit. bemoan' v. to lament. benedic'tion, n. a blessing. beneficence, a. active good- ness. benefi'cial, a. profitable. b£n'efit, n. a kindness. benev'olence, n. good-will. benign', a. kind, generous. bequeath', v. to give by will. bereave', v. to deprive of. beseech', v. to entreat. besiege', v. to beset with force. beVtial, a. brutal. [on. bestow', v. to give, to confer beto'ken, v. to mark. betray', v. to give up to an bev'erage, n. drink, [enemy, bewiil', v. to lament, bewil'der, v. to mislead, to puzzle, bi'as, v. to incline to one side, bien'nial, a. for two years, big'ot, n. devoted to a party, big'otry, n. blind zeal, bilious, a. consisting of bile, billow, n. a large wave, biog'raphy , n. history of lives, bis'cuit, n. a kind of bread, bisect', v. to cut in two parts, blame'able, a. faulty, blame'less, a. innocent, blan'dish, v. to soften, flatter, blas'phemous, a. wicked, pro- fane. I 11* BUO 126 CAP Bleach, v. to make white, blem'ish, it. a spot," disgrace, blend, v. to mingle together, blink, v. to wink, bliss, n. happiness, blithe, a. gay, airy, blun'der, v. to mistake, boast, r. to brag, to magnify, bois'terous, a. noisy, violent, bond 'age, n. captivity, bo'reas, n. the north wind. bo'rough,?2. a town corporate, botan'ic, a. relating to herbs, bot'any, n. the science of plants, bound'ary, n. limit. boun'tiful,?z. liberal, generous, boun'ty, n. generosity, brack'ish, a. somewhat salt. bran'dish,r. to wave or shake, brave, a. bold, noble, bra'very, n. courage, brawl, v. to quarrel, braw'ny, a. fleshy, muscular, bra'zen, a. made of brass, breach,??, an opening, quarrel, breeze, n. a gentle wind. breVity, n. shortness, brew, v. to make beer, bribe, n. a gift, brief, a. short, bril'liant, a. shining, brink, n. the edge, brlt'tle, a. easily broken, bro'ker, n. a factor, bron'chial, a. of the throat, bru'tal, a. savage, beastly, bddg'et, n. a bag of sundries buffet, v. to box, to beat, build, v. to erect, to raise, bulk'y, a. large, buoy, v. to keep afloat. Bur'densome, a. troublesome, bur'glary, n. house-breaking, burlesque', n. ridicule, bilr'nish, v. to make bright, bus'iness, n. employment, bus'tle, v. to make a stir. c. Ca'dence, n. fall of the voice. calam'ity, ft. misfortune, dis- tress. cal'culate, v. to reckon. cal'culous, a. stony, gritty. cal'ender, v. to dress cloth. cal'dron, n. a boiler, kettle. cal'lous, a. hard, unfeeling. calm'ness, n. mildness. calor'ic, n. heat. caliim'niate, v. to slander. cal'umny, n. slander. cim'bric, n. fine linen. cam'phii^, n. a kind of resin. canal', n. a water-course. can'cel, v. to blot out. can'did, a. fair, open. can'didate,n.an office-hunter. can'dour,?z. openness, fairness. canine', a. like a dog. cin'ker, v. to corrode, infect. canoe', n. an Indian boat. can'on, n. a rule, law. can'opy, n. a covering. can'vass, v. to examine. ca'pable, a. having power. capa'city, n. ability. capa'cious, a. wide, large. capillary, a. small like hairs. cap'ital, «. chief. [up. caplt'ulate, v. to yield, to give caprice, n. fancy, whim. cap'tious, a. ensnaring, peev- ish. CEL 127 CHA Cap'tive, n. a prisoner of war. captivity,??. bondage, slavery, car'dinal, a. principal, chief, career', n. swift motion, caress', v. to endear, to fondle, ca'ret, n. is wanting. ( a ) car 'go, n. lading of a ship, ca'rious, a. rotten, car'nage, a. slaughter, havoc, car'nal, a. fleshly, lustful, car'ol, v. to sing, to warble, carniv'orous, «. eating flesh, carouse', v. to drink hard, car'rion, n. a dead carcass, cascade', n. a water-fall, cashier', n. a keeper of money, cas'ket, n. a box for jewels. eas'tigate, v. to chastise. cas'tle, n. a house fortified, cas'ual, a. happening. cat'alo£ue, n. a list of names, clfaract, n. a water- fall, cat'echise, v. to question, catena' tion, n. connexion. ca'ter, v. to buy victuals, cat'erpillar, n. a worm. cathar'tic, a. purgative, cath'olic, a. general* cav'alry, n. horse-troops, cav'em, n. a hollow place, cav'il, v. to make objections. cav'ity, n. hollowness, hole, caus'tic, a. burning, cau'tion, n. prudence, care, eau'tious, a. watchful, wary, cease, v. to stop, to leave off. cel'ebrate, v. to praise, to commend, celeb'rity, n. fame, celer'ity, n. swiftness, celes'tial, a. heavenly. cePibacy, n. a single life. Cement', v. to join closely. cem'etery, n. place for the dead. censo'rious, a. severe. cen'sure, v. to blame. cen'sus, n. number of people. centrifugal, a. flying from the centre. centrip'etal, a. tending to the centre. cen'tury, n. a hundred years. ceremo'nial, a. formal, exter- nal. cer'emony, n. outward rite. cer'tify, v. to give notice. cessa'tion, n. stop, rest, pause. ces'sion, n. a resigning. chafe, v. to fret, to rage. chagrin', n. ill humour. chalk, n. a white substance. challenge, v. to claim, dare. cham'ber, n. an upper room. cham'pion, n. a great warrior. chan'cery, n. a court of equity. chan'nel, n. course of a stream. cha'os, n. a confused heap. chap'ter, n. division of a book. character, n. a mark, letter. char'coal, n. coal made of wood. charge, n. care, trust. charge'able, a. expensive, costly. char'itable, a. kind, bountiful. char'ity, n. love, alms, can- dour. charm, v. to delight, to en- chant. char'ter, n. a patent, grant. chasm, n. cleft, opening. chastise', v. to correct. chas'tisement, n. punishment. CIR 128 COH Chat' ter,t\ to prate, to talk idly. cheap, a. of low price, cheat, v. to defraud, check, v. to stop, cheer'ful, a. gay, lively, cherish,!). to support,nourish. chew, v. to grind with the teeth, chide, v. to rebuke, reprove, chief, a. principal, first, child'ish, a. like a child, chime'ra, ft. vain idle fancy, chimerical, a. imaginary, chol'er, n. anger, rage, choose, v. to pick, to cull, cho'rus, ft. company of sing- chouse, v. to cheat. [ers. j chr6nlcle, ft. a register of events, chronol'ogy, ft. dates of events, churlish, a. surly, rude, chyle, ft. milky fluid, cinc'turs, ft. a girdle, cin'ders, ft. small coals, ci'pher, v. to use figures, cir'cle, n. a round ring, cir'cuit, ft. space, extent, cir'cular, a. round like a circle, cir'culate, v. to spread round, circum'ference, ft. limit of a circle, circumja'cent, a. lying round, circumlocu'tion, n. round of words, circumscribe', v. to inclose. cir'cumspect,?. edict, law. dedicate, v. to devote, deduce', v. to infer from, deduct', v. to take from, deduc'tion, n. abatement, deface', v. to blot out, destroy Defalcate, vaXo lessen, to cut[ defame', v. to censure, [off. defama'tion, n. slander, defecate, v. to cleanse, purify, defect', n. blemish, defection, n. a falling away, defence', n. guard, protection, defer', v. to put off. deference, n. respect, regard, deficiency, n. something lacking, define', v. to explain, definite, a. limited, precise, j defini'tion, n. act of denning, ! deform', v. to disfigure, spoil. | defraud', v. to rob, to cheat, j defy', v. to challenge, [tue. | degen'erate, v. to decay in vir- j degrada'tion, n. degeneracy, degrade', v. to lessen in value, deject', v. to cast down. delay', v. to put off, to stop, delect'able, a. pleasing, del'egate, n. a deputy, delete'rious, a. poisonous, deliberate, v. to think slowly, delicate, a. nice, soft, delight', v. to please, satisfy, delin'eate, v. to draw, paint, delinquent, n. an offender, delirious, a. raving, wander- deli v'er, v. to give up. [ing. delude', v. tc deceive, delu'sion,??. cheat, deception, demean', v. to behave, demean'our, n. behaviour, ! carriage, demolish, v. to destroy, to break down, demon'strate, v. to prove, demure', «. grave, modest, denomination, n. a name. 12 DET 134 DIS Den'sity, ri. compactness. denti'tion, n. cutting of teeth. denuncia'tion,n. public threat. depart'ment,n. separate office. departure, n. going away. dependence, ?2. reliance, trust. deplo'rable, a. lamentable. deplore', v. to lament. deport'ment, n. conduct. deposit, v. to lay aside, deprav'ity, n. corruption, dep'recate, v. to pray for mercy. [} n g- depreda'tion,n. robbing, spoil- deprive', v. to take from, depute', v. to appoint, send, dep'uty, 71. an agent, substi- deride', v. to mock. [tute. derls'ion, n. scorn, der'ogate, v. to detract, lessen, descendant, n. offspring, describe', v. to represent, des'ert, ??. waste country design', v. to propose, plan. Devastation, n§ waste. devel'op, v. to unfold. cle'viate, v. to wander. de'vious, a. out of the way. devise', v. to give by will. devo'tion, n. piety; worship. devout', a. religious. dexter'ity, n. activity. dex'terous, a. expert. di'alect, n. manner of speech. di'alogue, n. a discourse be- tween two. [circle. diam'eter, n. line across a dic'tate, v. to tell another. dic'tion, ??. style, language. dictionary, n. a book of words. different, a. distinct. difficult, a. hard. diffidence, n. distrust. diffuse', v. to spread out. | digest', v. to dissolve. j dig'nify, v. to advance, prefer. ! digress', v. to turn aside. desi'rable,«. worthy of desire, i dilate', v. to extend, widen. desi'rous, a. full of desire, des'olate, a. laid waste, despatch', v. to send away, des'perate, a. without hope, des'picable, a. mean, despond', v. to despair. des'potism,n. absolute power, des'titute, a. forsaken, destruction, n. ruin, detach', v. to separate, detect', v. to discover, detec'tion, n. discovery, deter'mine, v. to decide, to settle, detest'able, a. hateful, detraction, n. scandal, det'riment, n. loss, damage. dil'atory, a. slow, lazy. j diligence, n. industry. j dilute', v. to make thin. j dimension, n. bulk, extent. I dimin'ish, v. to make less. diph'thong, n. two vowels. , j direct', v. to order, regulate. j disadvantage, n. loss, injury. ! disagree', v. to differ. disappear', v. to vanish. | disapprove', v. to dislike. ' disas'ter, n. misfortune. I discard', v. to dismiss. | discern', v. to see, to judge. , disci'ple, n. a scholar. J discipline, n. rule, order. j disclose', v. to reveal. DIS 135 DUN Discom'fit, v. to defeat, discompose', v. to disorder, disconcert', v. to unsettle, dis'cord, n. disagreement, dis 'count, v. to deduct. discour'age, v. to depress, discredit, v. not to believe, discretion, n. prudence, discriminate, v. to mark, discuss', v. to examine, disdain 'ful, a. scornful, disease', n. malady, sickness, disentan'gle, v. to free from, disfig'ure, v. to deform, disgrace', n. dishonour, disgrace'ful, a. shameful. disgust', v. to offend, disguise', v. to conceal, dishon'est, a. faithless, disingen'uous, a. unfair, dislocate, v. to put out of Joint, dis'mal, a. sorrowful, dismay', v. to terrify, dismiss', v. to send away, disobe'dient, a. undutiful. disoblige', v. to offend, disor'cleiyi. tumult, confusion, disown', v. to deny, disperse', v. to scatter, display', v. to spread out. displeas'ure, n. anger. disposi'tion,?z. method, order, dispute', v. to contend for. dissect', v. to divide, dissem'ble, v. to pretend, disseminate, v. to scatter as seed, dissent', v. to disagree, disserta'tion, n. a discourse, essay, dissipation, n. extravagance. Dissolve', v. to melt. dis'solute, a. loose, wild. dis'tance, n. remoteness. distinct', a. different ; plain. distinguish, v. to mark. distort', v. to twist. distrain', v. to seize. distribute, v. to divide among. I disturb 'ance, n. disorder. diverge', v. to bend from a line. divert'^ v. to turn aside. diver'sity, n. difference. divide', v. to part, to separate. divine', a. heavenly. diur'nal, a. daily. divulge', v. to publish. doc'ible, a. easily taught. docility, n. aptness to learn. doc'trine, ri. law, precept. doc'ument, n. written precept. dogmatic, a. positive. dole'ful, a. sorrowful. domes'tic, a. of the house. domineer', v. to rule with rigour. dominion, n. authority ; re- gion. dona'tion, n. a gift. dor'mant, a. sleeping. doubt, n. uncertainty, sus- pense. drain, v. to draw off. dread'ful, a. terrible. drea'ry, a. gloomy, dismaL drone, n. an idler. droop, v. to languish. drought, n. dry weather. du'bious, a. doubtful. duc'tile, a. pliable, flexible. dul'cet, a. sweet. diin'geon, n. a dark prison. ELE 136 ENH Du'plicate, n. a copy, dupli'city, n. double dealing, du'rable, a. lasting, dura'tion, n. continuance, du'tiful, a. obedient, dwarf, n. below size. E. Ea'ger, a. quick, ardent. ear'nest, a. warm, zealous. eccen'trie, a. irregular, un- steady. eclip'tie, n. a great circle. econ'omy, it, .good manage- ment. ec'stacy, n. great joy. ed'ifice, n. a building. ed'ify, v. to instruct. edi'tion, n. publication of a book. ed'ucate, v. to bring up. educe', v. to draw out. effect', v. to bring to pass. effec'tual, a. powerful. effem'inacy, n. softness, [hot. efferves'cence, n. a growing efficacy, n. power, virtue. efficient, a. causing effect. effluence, n. a flowing. effort, n. a struggle. [self. e'gotism, n. speaking of one's egre'gious, a. remarkable. egress', n. a going out. eject', v. to throw out. elab'orate,«. with great labour. elapse', v. to pass away. elas'tic, a. limber, springy. elate', it. to puff up. elect', v. to choose. el'egant, a. nice, beautiful. el'egy, n. a mournful song. el'ement, n. a simple body. El'evate, v. to exalt, ellip'sis, n. a defect ; oval, elocu'tion, n. delivery. elonga'tion,n, making longer, elope', v. to run away. eToquent, a. fluent, elu'eidate, v. to make plain, ema'ciate, v. to lose flesh, emana'tion, n. flowing from, emancipate, v. to set free, embar'go, n, a stop. embar'rass f v. to perplex, embeTlish, v. to adorn, embez'zle, v. to waste, em'blem, n. a likeness, embrace, v. to clasp, to fold, emerge', v. to rise out of. emet'ie, n. a vomit, em'igrate, v. to remove. em'inent, a. high, lofty, emis'sion, n. sending out. emol'ument, n. profit, emo'tion, n. disturbance, em'phasis, n. stress of voice, emphat'ie, a. forcible, employ'ment, n. business. em'ulate, v. to equal, enact', v. to establish, enco'mium, n. praise, encoun'ter, v. to attack, encour'age, v. to animate, encroach', v. to invade, eneum'ber, v. to clog, endeav'our, v. to try. endorse', v. to write on the back, endow', v. to give a portion, endue', v. to supply with, en'ergy, n. power, force, ener'vate, ?:. to weaken, enfranchise, v. to make free, enhance', v. to raise in value. ERR 137 EXC .Enlg'ma, n. a riddle. enjoy', v. to feel pleasure. enlarge', v. to increase. enlight'en, v. to instruct. en'mity, n. ill-will, malice. enor'mity, n. great crime. enor'mous, a. very wicked, enough', a. sufficient. enrol', v. to record. ensam'ple, n. a pattern. enterprise, n. an arduous at- tempt. entertain', v. to treat kindly. ejithu'siasm, n. heat, ardour. entice', v. to allure. entrea'ty, n. petition. envel'op, v. to cover, to hide. enven'om, v. to poison. en'vious, a, full of envy. envl'ron, v. to surround. en'vy, n. ill-will, hatred. epic, a. narrative. epicure, n. a luxurious man. epidem'ic, a. general. epis'tie, n. a letter. epit'ome, 71. an abridgment. equal'ity, n. likeness. equanimity, n. evenness of mind, e'quinox, n. equal day and night. eq'uipage, n. attendance. eq'uitable, a. just, candid. equiv'ocal, a. doubtful. equiv'ocate, v. to evade. eradicate, v. to pull up by the roots. erase', v. to blot out. erect' v. to build, to raise up. erode', v. to eat away. erra'ta, n. faults in printing. erro'neous, a. full of errors. Erudi'tion, n. learning, erup'tion, n. a breaking out. eschew', v. to avoid. escort', v. to guard, es'culent, a. good for food, espe'cial, a. principal, chief. essay', v. to try, to attempt, es'sence, n. substance, essen'tial, a. necessary, esteem', v. to value, estimation, n. value, eter'nal, a. everlasting, eter'nity, n. without end. ethe'real, a. heavenly, eth'ics, n. morality, evac'uate, v. to leave empty, evade', v. to elude, evanes'cent, a. fading, vanish- ing, evap 'orate, v. to fly off. eva'sion, n. excuse, artifice, event', n. end, issue, everlasting, a. perpetual, evidence, n. testimony, evident, a. plain, evince* v. to prove, evolu'tion, n. an unfolding, exact, a. nice, accurate, exaggerate, v. to make larger, exalt', v. to lift up, to extol* examine, v. to question, exam'ple, n. pattern, exas'perate, v. to provoke, exceed', v. to surpass, ex'cellent, a. of great value, except', v. to leave out. excess',??. more than enough, excite', v. to stir up. exclaim', v. to cry out. exclude', v. to shut out. excru'ciate, v. to torture. excul'pate,v. to justify, clear. 12* EXT 138 FER Excursion, n. agoing abroad. ex'ecrable, a. hateful. ex'ecute, v* to perform- exem'plary, a. upright. exempt', a. privileged, free. exer'tion, n. an effort. exhala'tion, n. vapour. exhaust', v. to drain. exhibit, v. to display, show. exhil'arate, v. to enliven. exhort', v. to advise. exile, n. banishment. exigence, n. want, need. exist', v. to be, to live. ex-it, n. departure. exon'erate, v. to unload. exorbitant, a. extravagant. exotic, a. foreign. expand', v. to spread out. expedient, a. fit, proper. experience, n. practice. experiment, n. trial. expert', a. skilful, ready. ex'piate, v. to atone. ex'plicate, v . to unfold., expli'cit, a. plain, clear. explore', v. to search out. export', v. to carry out. expositor, n. an explainer. expostulate, v. to question. expound', v. to explain. expul'sion, n. a driving out. expunge', v. to efface, to blot out. ex'quisite, a. nice, excellent. I ex'tant, a. now in being. : extern 'pore, ad. readily. | exten'sive, a. wide, large. exte'rior, a. outside. ! exter'nal, a. outward. : extin'guish, v. to put out. extir'pate, v. to root out. Extol', v. to praise, extort', v. to draw by force, extraneous, a. foreign, extreme', a. greatest, exu'berance, n. superabun- dance, exude', v. to sweat out. exult', v. to triumph. F. Fab'ric, n. a building. fab'ulous, a. full of fables. face'tious, a. lively, gay. facility, n. easiness. fac'tion, n. a tumult, party. factitious, a. made by art. fac'tor, Hi an agent. fac'ulty, n. ability, power. falla'cious, a. deceitful. fallible, a. liable to err. familiar, a. affable, free. famine, n. scarcity of food. fantas'tic, a. fanciful, odd. farce, n. mockery. farina'ceous, a. mealy. fas'cinate, v. to bewitch. fashion, n. form, custom. fastidious, a. nice, squeam- ish. fatigue', n. weariness. fawn, n. a young deer. fea'ture, n. cast of the face. fec'ulent, a. foul. feciin'dity, n. fruitfulness. fee'ble, a. weak, sickly. feign, v. to pretend. feli'city, n. happiness. fermenta'tion, n. internal mo- tion. fero'cious, a. fierce, savage. fer'tile, a. fruitful. fer'vent, a. hot, zealous. FOC 139 FUL Fer'vour, n. heat, zeal. fes'tive, a. joyous. feud, n. a quarrel. fi'bre, n. like a thread. fi'brous, a. full of threads. fickle, a. changeable. fic'tion, n. false story. fidelity, n. faithfulness. fierce, a. cruel, violent. fig'urative, a. formal. fil'ament, n. a small thread. filial, a. affection of a son. film, n. a thin skin. filler, v. to strain liquor. fi'nal, a. last. finical, a. foppish, nice. fi'nite, a. limited. firlnament, n. upper regions. fis'cal, a. relating to revenue. fis'sure, n. a chasm. flac'cid, a. weak, limber. flagi'tious, a. wicked, vile. fla'grant, a. notorious. flam'beau, n. a lighted torch. flat'tery, n. false praise. flat'ulent, a. windy. fla/vour, n. taste, smell. flee, v. to run away. fleet, a. nimble, swift. flexible, a. easily bent. fTip'pant, a. pert, talkative. float, v. to swim on the top. flood, n. a great flow of wa- ter. florid, a. fresh, blooming. flourish, v. to prosper, to thrive. fluctuation, n. change. flu'ency, n. eloquence. fluid, a. flowing, liquid. foam, v. to froth. fo'cus, n. a center point. Foible, n. a weakness, foliage, n. leaves. foment', v. to bathe ; cherish, fop 'pish, a. foolish, vain, forbear', v. to cease from, forbid', v. to hinder, forecast', v. to contrive, foreclose', v. to shut up. forego', v.- to give up. foretell', v. to predict, for'feit, n. a fine, penalty, forgive', v. to pardon, formidable, a. dreadful, for'titude, h. courage, fortuitous, a. happening, fos'sil, a. mineral ; shell. foundation, n. a basis, foun'tain, n. a well, spring, frac'tion, n. a broken part, fragile, a. brittle, frag'ment, n. broken piece, fra'grance, n. sweet smell, frail, a. weak, unstable, frank, a. free, open, fran'tic, a. mad, enraged. frateVnal, a. brotherly fraud, n. deceit, cheat, free'dom, n. liberty, ease, freeze, v. to congeal, fren'zy, n. madness, fre'quent, a. often, fric'tion, n. rubbing, fri'gid, a. cold, dull, friv'olous, a. trifling, frontier', n. outside limit, fro 'ward, a. peevish, fru'gal, a. thrifty, frui'tion, n. enjoyment, frustrate, v. to disappoint, fu'gitive, a. flying, fulfil', v. to perform, ful'gent, a. shining. GIG 140 GRA Ful'minant, a. thundering, ful'some, a. offensive, fii'migate, v. to smoke, func'tion, n. office, power, fundamental, a. essential, fu'rious, a. mad, raging, fur'nish, v. to supply, fur'niture, n. goods, chattels, fu'sion. n. act of melting, fu'tile, a. trifling, weak, futu'rity, n. time to come. G. Gainsa'y, v. to oppose. gal'axy, n. the milky way. gallant, a. brave, gam'bol, v. to skip, to frolic, gang, 7i. a troop, gar'ble, v. to sift, to cull gar'gle, n. to wash the throat, garland, n. a wreath, gar'nish, v. to adorn, gar'rulous, a. talkative, gath'er, v. to collect, gau'dy, a. showy. g'ay'ety, n. finery, show, gem, n. a precious stone, gen'der, n. a sort, sex. geneal'ogy, n. descent of a family, gen'eral, a. common, usual, generation, n. a race, an age. gen'erous, a. liberal, genteel', a. polite, graceful, gen'tle, a. mild, soft, gen'uine, a. true, certain, germe, n. a sprout or shoot, ges'ture, n. motion, gew'gaw, n. a toy, plaything, gi'ant, n. a very large man. gid'dy, a, heedless, gigan'tic, a. bulky, very large. Gig'gle, v. to laugh idly. gla'cial, a. icy, frozen. glad'ness, n. joy. gland, 7i. a fleshy substance. gla'ring, a. bright. glean, v. to gather up. glee, n. merriment. glide, v. to flow gently. glim'mer, v. to shine faintly. glis'ten, v. to shine brightly. globe, 7i. a ball, sphere. glob'ular, a. round. gloom'y, a. cloudy, sad. glo'rify, v. to honour, praise. glo'rious, a. excellent, noble. glos'sary, n. obscure words defined. glue, 7i. cement. glu'tinous, a. like. cement. glut'tony'n. excess of eating. goal, 7i. end of a race. godly, a. divine, god-like. gor'geous, a. fine, showy. gov'ern, v. to rule, to regu- late. grace, n. favour, privilege. grace 'ful, a. agreeable. gra'cious, a. kind, merciful. grada'tion, n. progress. grad'ual, a. by degrees. graminiv'orous, a. eating grass. gran'ary, n. a storehouse. grand'eur, n. show, state. gran'ulate, v. to form grains. grasp, v. to hold fast. grate 'ful, a. thankful. gratifica'tion, 7i. pleasure. gratitude, n. sense of bene- fits. gratuitous, a. voluntary. gravity, ?i. weight. HAR 141 HOM Gravita'tion, n. tending to the centre. greet, v. to salute, to address. grega'rious, a. going in flocks. grief, n. sorrow, trouble. griev'ous, a. heavy, afflictive. groan, v. to sigh aloud. gross, a. fat, corpulent, thick. grotesque', a. unnatural. grotto, n. a cavern, cave. grov'el, v. to creep low. groundless, a. without rea- son. group, n. a crowd, cluster. growth, n. increase. grudge, n. envy, ill-will. guard, n. defence, caution. guar'dian, n. a care-taker. guess, v. to suppose. guile, n. deceit, cunning. guilt, n. crime, offence, sin. gulf, n. a whirlpool. gymnas'tic, a. strong, vigor- ous. H. Habit, n. custom ; dress, habita'tion, n. place of abode, habit'ual, a. customary, hag'gard, a. ugly, deformed, hallow, v. to make hoty. ham'let, n. a small village, han'dicraft, a. done by hand, hand'some, a. graceful, fine, han'ker, v. to long for. hapless, a. unhappy, hap'piness, n. felicity, joy. harangue', n. an oration, har'ass, v. to weary, har'bour, n. a port, shelter, harmo'nious, a. musical, har'mony, n. ao;reement. Harsh, a. rough, sour. har'vest, n. in-gathering. hast'en, v. to urge on. haired, n. ill-will. haugh'ty, a. proud, insolent. hav'oc, 11. waste. haz'ard, n. danger, exposure. headlong, a. rash, forward. heart'y, a. sincere ; healthy. heav'enly, a. celestial. heed, n. care, attention. heedless, a. careless, negli- gent. heifer, n. a young cow. hein'ous, a. very wicked. heir, n. inheritor by law. help'ful, a. assisting. hemisphere, n. half a globe. hem 'orrhage, n. flow of blood. her'ald, n. a crier, officer. herb'age, n. grass, pasture. herd, n. a flock of cattle. hereditary, a. descent by in- heritance. heritage, n. inheritance. her'mit, n. one living alone. heroic, a. brave, noble. hesitate, v. to pause, think. hiber'nal, a. of winter. hid'eous, a. horrible, ugly. hieroglyphic, n. an emblem. high'way, n. great road. hilarity, n. merriment. histo'rian, n. a writer of his- tory. his'tory, n. narrative of facts. hoard, v. to lay up store. hoar'y, a. gray with age. hoist, v. to raise up. holiness, n. purity, piety. holy, a. pure. hom'age, n. duty, respect. HYS 142 1MM Hom'icide, n. a manslayer. homogeneous, -a. same na- ture. hon'est, a, upright, true. hon'esty, n. justice, truth. honourable, a. noble, gene- rous. hope 'ful, a. promising. hori'zon, n. level view. hor'rible, a. dreadful. hor'rid, a. shocking. hor'ror, n. terror, fear. horticulture, n. gardening. hos'pitable, a. kind to stran- gers. bos'tile, a. adverse, oppo- site. hostility, n. open war. hov'el, n. a shed. howl, v. to cry as a dog. huge, «• vast, immense. humane', a. kind, civil. humanity, n. tenderness. hum'ble, a. low, meek. hu'mid, a. wet, moist. humU'ity, n. lowliness, mo- desty. hu'morous, a. merry, jocu- lar. hun'ger, n. desire of food. hurricane, n. a violent storm. hus'bandman, n. a farmer. hydropho'bia, n. dread of wa- ter, mad. hymn, n. a sacred song. hypochon'driac, a. melan- choly. hypoc'risy, n. deceit. hyp'ocrite, n. a deceiver. hypoth'esis, n. a supposi- tion. hys'sop, n. a plant. I.J. Jan'gle, v. to quarrel. jar'gon, n. nonsense. jaun'dice, n. a disease. ide'a, n. mental image. identical, a. the same. id'iom, n. mode of speaking. idol'atry, n. the worship of images. jeal'ous, a. suspicious. jeop'ardy, n. danger, hazard. ig'neous, a. fiery. igno'ble, a. mean, base. ignomin'ious, a. disgraceful. Ig'norance, n. want of know- ledge. ille'gal, a. contrary to law. illi'cit, a. unlawful. iHit'erate, a. unlearned. illu'minate, v. to enlighten. illu'sive, n. deceiving. illus'trate, v. to make clear. illustration, n. explanation. illus'trious, a. noble. Im'age, n. a picture ; idol. ima'ginary, a. fanciful. ima'gine, v. to fancy, to think. imbe'cile, a. weak, feeble. imbibe', v. to drink in. imbrue', v. to steep, to soak. imbue', v. to tincture. im'itate, v. to copy. immac'ulate, a. pure. immature', a. not ripe. immeasurable, a. indefinite. immediate, a. instant. immemo'rial, a. past memory. immense', «. unlimited. immerge', v. to put under water. [face. immer'sion,n. below the sur- IMP 143 INC Im'minent, «. hanging over, immod'est, a. unchaste, immor'al, a. dishonest, immor'tal, a. never-dying, immove'able, a. firm, immu'nity, n. privilege, immu'table, a. unchangeable, impair', v. to lessen, injure, impartial, a. equal, just, impeach', v. to accuse, impede', v. to hinder, impediment, n. hindrance, impend', v. to hang over, impen'itent, a. hardened. imperative, a. commanding, imper'fect, a. defective, impe'rious, a. haughty, imper'tinence, n. folly, tri- fling. imper'vious, a. impassable. impet'uous, a. violent, hasty. impi'ety, n. wickedness. implac'able, a. malicious. im'plement, n. a tool. im'plicate, v. to entangle. impH'cit, a. resting upon. implore', v. to ask, to beg. imply', v. to signify. importance, n. consequence. important, a. of moment. importune', v. to tease. impos'tor, n. a deceiver. im'potent, a. weak, feeble. impracticable, a. impossible. impreca'tion, n. a curse. impregnate, v. to fill. impress', v. to print, to fix. improb'able, a. unlikely. improp'er, a. unfit. improve', v. to grow better. improve'ment, n. advance- ment. Impru'dent, a. indiscreet. im'pudent, a. bold. Im'pulse, n. force, motion. impu'nity, n. free from pu- nishment. impute', v. to charge, to at- tribute. inabil'ity, n. want of power. inac'curate, a. not exact, in- correct. inac'tive, a. indolent. inad'equate, a. defective. inadver'tent, a. careless. inanimate, a. void of life, dull. inatten'tion, n. negligence. inau'gurate, v. to invest. inca'pable, a. unable. incar'cerate, v. to imprison. incau'tious, a. unwary. incen'diary, n. one who sets houses on fire. inces'sant, a. continual. in'cident, n. an event. incip'ient, a. beginning. incite', v. to stir up. inclem'ent, a. harsh, rough. inclina'tion, n. tendency, de- sire. include', v. to take in. incog'nito, ad. not known. incoherent, «. not connected. incommode', v. to hinder. incommo'dious, a. unfit. incompatible, a. not agree- ing- incomprehensible, a. un- known. inconceivable, a. not under- stood. incongruity, n. inconsistency. inconsist'ent, a. absurd. INE 144 1NJ Incon'stant, a. fickle, un- steady. incontrovertible, a. true. incorporate, v. to mix, to embody. incorrigible, a. depraved. increase', v. to grow. incredible, a. not believed. incredulity, n. want of credit. incul'cate, v. to instruct. incum'bent, a. resting upon. incur'sion, n. attack. inde'cent, a. want of manners. indefatigable, a. unwearied. indefinite, a. without limit. indelicate, a. rude. indeni'nify, v. to make good. independent, a. free. in'dicate, v. to show. in'dex, n. a table ; pointer. in'digence, n. want. in'digent, «. poor, needy. indigna'tion, n. anger. indiscreet, a. not prudent. indiscre'tion, n. rashness. indiscrim'inate, a. confused. indisposi'tion, n. sickness. indis'soluble, a. firm. indite', v. to compose. individual, n. single person. In'dolent, a. lazy. indu'bitable, a. certain. induce', v. to persuade. induc'tive, a. persuasive. indul'gent, a. kind. indus'trious, a. diligent. ine'briate, v. to intoxicate. ineffable, a. unspeakable. inefFec'tual, a. weak. inel'egant, a. mean, coarse. inert', a. sluggish. inevitable, a. unavoidable. Inexhaust'ible, a. not to be spent. inex'plicable, a. not open. infallible, a. certain. in'famous, a. base, mean. in'fantile, a. of an infant. infat'uate, v. to bewitch. infect', v. to taint, to corrupt. infec'tion, n. contagion. in'ference, n. conclusion. infe'rior, a. lower. infidelity, n. want of faith. in'finite, a. without bounds. infirm', a. weak, feeble. infirm'ity, n. weakness. inflame', v. to kindle. inflammation, n. heat. inflate', v. to puff up. inflect', v. to bend. inflexible, a. firm. in'fluence, n. power. inform', v. to tell. informa'tion, n. intelligence. infringe', v. to encroach on. inge'nious, a. witty. ingenuity, n. wit, genius. ingen'uous, a. open, candid, fair. ingra'tiate, v. to get in favour. ingratitude, n. unthankful- ness. ingre'dient, n. part of a thing. in'gress, n. entrance. inhabit, v. to dwell in. inhale', v. to draw in air. inhe'rent, a. in a thing. inherit, v. to receive, to pos- sess. inhos'pitable, a. cold ; un- kind. inhu'man, a. barbarous. inject', v. to cast in. INT 145 INV Inimical, a. contrary. ini'quity, n. injustice. ini'tiate, v. to enter. injudicious, a. unwise. in'jury, n. mischief, harm. in'nocence, n. purity. innovation, n. novelty. innu'merable, a. beyond num- ber. inoffen'sive, a. harmless. insanity, n. madness. insa'tiable, a. not satisfied. inscription, n. a title. insensibility, n. stupidity. inseparable, a. united. insert', v. to place in. insid'ious, a. treacherous. insignificant, a. worthless. insin'uate, v. to hint. insip'id, a. tasteless. in'soleoce, n. arrogance. insolvent, a. unable to pay. inspect', v. to examine. inspire', v. to breathe. instability, n. want of stea- diness. instead', pr. in place of. in'stigate, v. to urge on. in'stinct, n. natural desire. in'stitute, n. establishment. instruction, n. teaching. in'strument, n. a tool. insurTi'cient,«.wantingpower. insi'ilt', v. to offend, to vex. insu'perable, a. difficult to attain. inte'ger, n. a whole. in'tellect, ??. understanding. intelligent, a. knowing. intem'perance, n. excess. intense', a. very great. intention, n. design. Intercede', v. to mediate. intercourse, n. commerce. interdict, v. to forbid. in'terest, n. advantage. interfere', v. to meddle. inte'rior, a. inward. interline', v. to write between interlo'per,n. a meddler. intermis'sion, n. pause, stop intermit'tent, a. by fits. interpose, v. to mediate. inter'pret, v. to explain. interrogate, v. to question. interrog'ato*y, n. a query. interrupt', v. to hinder. intersect', v. to cut in two. intersperse', v. to scatter. in'terstice, n. space between. in'terval, n. time between. in'terview, n. mutual sight. intes'tate, n. one dying with- out a will. in'tiinate, a. familiar. intolerable, a. not to be borne. intoxicate, v. to make drunk. intrench', v. to fortify. intrepid, a. bold, fearless. intricate, a. entangled. intrigue', h. a plot. intrin'sic, a. inward, real. introduce', v. to bring in. intrude', v. to come uncalled. intu'itive, a. seeing at once. invalid, a. weak, of no effect. invalidate, v. to weaken. invariable, a. constant. invec'tive, n. abusive speech. invei'gle, v. to allure, to de- coy. inverse', «. change of order. invest', v. to clothe with power. 13 KER 146 LAW Investigate, v. to search into. Key, n. for a lock. invet'erate, a. old, fixed. kin'dle, v. to set on fire. invidious, a. envious. , kin'dred, n. relation, affinity. invig'orate, v. to enliven. king'dom, n. king's domi- invi'olate, a. unhurt. nions. invisible, a. not seen. kins'folk, n. relations. invite', v. to ask. kna'vish, a. dishonest. inunda'tion, n. a flood. knead, v. to work dough. invocation, 72. a calling upon. knell, n. sound of a bell. invol'untary, a. unwilling. knowledge, n. skill, learning. involution, n. a rising up. knuc'kle, v. to submit. invul'nerable, a. not to be hurt. L. joc'ular, a. merry. La'bel, n. a direction, name. jollity, 11. gayety, mirth. labial, a. of the lips. jo' vial, a. gay, airy. labo'rious, a. toilsome. joy'ful, a. glad. lab'yrinth, n. a winding irk'some, a. tiresome. maze. irra'diate, v. to enlighten. lac'erate, v. to tear. irra'tional, a. void of reason. laconic, a. short, brief. irrefragable, a. not to be re- lac'teous, a. milky. futed. laity, n. the common people. irrelevant, a. unassisting. lam'entable, a. mournful. irresistible, a. not to be op- lamenta'tion, n. mourning, posed. sorrow. irrevocable, a. not to be called landscape, n. tract of coun- back. try. ir'ritate, v. to provoke. lan'guid, a. faint, weak. is'sue, n. conclusion, result. lan'guish, v. to pine away. itln'erant, a. wandering. lan'guor, n. faintness, weak- ju'bilee, n. public feast. ness. judi'cious, a. prudent. lapse, v. to fall away. juice, 11. liquor, sap. lar'ceny, n. petty theft. junc'tion, n. union. lascivious, a. wanton, lewd. junc'ture, n. critical time. las'situde, n. weariness. ju'nior, a. younger. la'tent, a. secret, hidden. jus'tify, v. to defend. latitude, n. breadth, extent. ju'venile, a. youthful. lava'tion, n. act of washing, laud'able, a. praiseworthy. K. laugh'ter, n. merriment. i Keen, a. sharp, eager. lavish, v. to waste. 1 ker'nel, n. inside of a nut. lawn, n. open space. LIT 147 MAN Lax, a. vague, loose. lazy, a. sluggish, idle. lead, v. to conduct, to guide. league, v . to unite together. leave, v. to quit, to forsake. lec'tion, n. a reading. lec'ture, n. a discourse. le'gal, a. according to law. legible, a. that may be read. legislator, n. a lawgiver. legislature, n. a body that makes laws. lei'sure, n. free from business. lenient, a. mild, merciful. les'son, n. a task. lev'el, a. even, flat. levity, n. lightness. lewd, a. wicked, bad. lex'icon, n. a dictionary. li'able, a. subject to. lib'eral, a. generous. lib'erty, n. freedom. li'brary, n. a collection of books. li'cense, n. permission. licen'tious, a. without re- straint. lig'ament, n. a band. ligneous, a. made of wood. likelihood, n. probability. lim'it, n. bound, border. limn, v. to paint, to draw. lim'pid, a. clear, pure. lin'eage, n. race, family. lin'eament, n. feature. liniment, n. an ointment. li'quefy, v. to melt. li'quid, a. fluid, soft. lis'ten, v. to hearken. lit'eral, a. plain. lit'erary, a. learned. litiga'tion, n. lawsuit. Lively, a. brisk, vigorous, loathe, v. to hate, to abhor. 16'cal, a. of a place, loca'tion, n. situation, locomo'tive, a. power of moving, loft'y, a. high, sublime. 16'gic, n. art of reasoning, longevity, n. long life, lon'gitude, n. distance east or west, loqua'cious, a. talkative, lovely, a. amiable, lu'eid, a. bright, shining, lu'cre, n. gain, profit, lu'dicrous, a. laughable, lu'minary, n. that gives light, lu'natic, n. a mad man. lu'rid, a. gloomy, dismal, lus'cious, a. sweet, lus'tre, n. brightness, lilx'ury, n. delicious fare. M. Ma'cerate, v. to make lean, machine', n. an engine, magazine', n. a storehouse, ma'gistrate, n. an officer, magnanimous, a. great, brave, magnificent, a. grand, mag'nify, v. to extol, to en- large, majes'tic, a. stately, ma'jesty, n. dignity, main'tenance, n. support, mal'ady, n. disease, malefac'tor, n. an evil-doer, malev'olence, n. ill-will, malice, n. bad design, malig'nant, a. bitter, envious, mam'mon, n. riches, management, n. conduct. MEM 148 MOT Man'date, n. a command. man'hood, n. man's estate. manifest, a. plain, open. m an 'i fold, a. many. man' tie, n. a cloak, wrapper. man'ual, a. by hand. manufacture, v. to make by art. manumit', v. to set free. man'uscript, v. a writing. mar'gin, n. a border. mariner, n. a seaman. mar'tial, a. warlike. mar'vel, n. wonder. mar'vellous, a. strange. mas'culine, a. male. mas'sive, a. heavy. material, a. important. mater'nal, a^motherly. mat'rimony, a. marriage. matu're, a. ripe, perfect. mau'gre, ad. in spite of. max'im, n. a general rule. mea'ger, a. lean. mean'der,??. serpentine wind- ing. meas'ure, n. quantity. meclum'ic, n, a workman. mech'anism, n. construction. me'diate, v. to interpose. med'ical, a. physical. medi'cinal, a. healing. .medioc'rity, n. middle state. med'itate, v. to think. mtl'ancholy, a. gloomy. meliorate, v. to improve. melo'dious, a. musical. meTody, n. music. mem'brane, ??. a thin skin. memoir', n. an account. memoran'dum, n. a note. memo'rial, n. a monument. Men'ace, v. to threaten. m£n'dicant, n. a beggar, mensura'tion, n. measuring, men'tal, a. of the mind, mercenary, a. hired, merchandise, n. traffic, mer'ciful, a. tender, merid'ian, n. noon. meYal, n. gold, silver, &c. meth'od, n. order, mi'grate, v. to remove place, mil'itant, a. lighting, military, a. warlike, min'gle, v. to mix. min'iature, n. small likeness, min'istry, n. office, mi'nor, a. less, minority, n. under age. minute', a. small, slender, mirac'ulous, a. wonderful, mis'chief, n. harm, injury, mis'erable, a. unhappy, mistake', v. to err. mit'igate, v. to soften, mod'est, a. chaste, diffident, mod'ify, v. to shape, mod'ern, «. late, new, fresh, moi'ety, n. half part, mois'ture, n. dampness, mol'lify, v. to soften, momen'tous, a. important, mon'arch, n. a king, mon'itor, n. an under teacher, monopolize', v. to engross all. morality, n. duties of life, mor'bid, a. diseased, morose', a. peevish, sullen, mor'tal, a. subject to death. mor'tify, v. to corrupt, mo'tion, n. act of moving, mo'tive, n. incitement. NOT 149 OCC Mourn'ful, a. sorrowful, mu'cilage, n. slime, mul'tiply, v. to increase, mul'titude, n. many, rnun'dane, a. worldly, munificent, a. liberal, mus'cular, a. strong, mailable, a. changeable, mu'tilate, v. to cut off, dis- figure, mu'tual, a. by turns, mys'tery, n. above human, mys'tical, a. obscure, secret. N. Narcotic, a. stupefying, nar'rative, n. a relation of na'sal, a. of the nose, [facts. na'tion, n. a people, nativ'ity, n, birth place, naugh'ty, a. bad, wicked, nau'seous, a. loathsome. navigate, v. to sail, ne'cessary, a. needful. neces'sity, n. compulsion, neg'ative, a. denying, negligent, a. careless, negotiate, v. to treat, traffic, neigh'bour, n. one living near, neph'ew, n. brother's son. nerve, n. organ of sense, ner'vous, a. vigorous, strong, neu'tral, a. indifferent, nib'ble, v. to eat slowly, niece, n. brother's daughter, nig'gardly, a. mean, sordid, no'ble, a. great, vv^orthy. noctur'nal, a. nightly, noi'some, a. offensive, nominate, v. to name, not'able, a. remarkable. m no'tice, n. remark, regard. No'tion, n. opinion, noto'rious, a. well known, nov'el, a. new. nourish, v. to support by food, noxious, a. hurtful, nu'dity, n. nakedness, nu'gatory, a. trifling, nui'sance, n. an offence, nullify, v. to make void. numera'tion, n. numbering, nu'merous, a. many, mip'tials, n. marriage, nur'ture, v. to train up. nu'triment, n. food, nu'tritive, a. nourishing. 0. Ohdu'rate, a. hard of heart, obe'dience, n. submission, obey'; v. to comply with, objec'tion, n. act of opposing, obliga'tion, n. duty, oblique', a. not direct, oblivion, n. forgetfulness. obloquy, n. reproach, obnoxious, a. liable, obscene', a. immodest, obscure', a. dark, gloomy, obse'quious, a. compliant, ob'solete, a. out of use. ob'stacle, n. hindrance, ob'stinate, a. stubborn, obstruction, n. hindrance, obtain', v. to acquire, obtuse', a. blunt, dull, ob'viate, v. to prevent, ob'vious, a. open, plain, occa'sion, n. incident, occult', a. secret, hidden, oc'cupy, v. to possess, occur', v. to meet. 13* osc 150 PAV O'cean, n. a sea. oc'ular, a. known by the eye. 6'dious, a. hateful. 6'dour, n. scent, smell. offend', v. to injure. offen'sive, a. displeasing. officiate, v. to perform an office. offi'cious, a. over-forward. olfac'tory, «. smelling. 6'men, n. a sign. omit', v. to leave out. omnipotent, a. all-powerful. omnipres'ent, a. everywhere present. omnis'cient, a. all-knowing. 6'nerous, a. heavy, oppress- ive. opaque', a. dark, cloudy. op'erate, v. to work upon. 6'piate, a. causing sleep. opm'ion, n. notion, sentiment. oppo'nent, n. an adversary. op'posite, a. contrary. oppression, n. hardship. op 'tic, n. organ of sight. op'tion, n. choice. op'ulence, n. wealth. 6'ral, a. l>y mouth. oration, n. a speech. or'bit, n. course of a planet. or'dinance, v. law, rule. or'ganize, v. to form in order. orien'tal, a. eastern. or'ifice, n. an opening. or'igin, n. beginning. or'nament, n. decoration. or'phan. n. bereft of parents. or'thoepy, n. sound of words. orthog'raphy, n. spelling. oscillation, n. pendulum mo- tion. Os'sify, »« to change into bone, ostenta'tion, n. vain show. 6'val, a. like an egg. 6'verlure, n. proposal, overwhelm', v. to crush, outra'geous, a. violent. Pacific, a. mild, peaeeable. pa'cify, v. to quiet. palliate, v. to cover. pal'lid, a. pale. pal'pable, a. plain, gross. pal'pitate, v. to flutter. pal'try, a. mean, despicable. pam'phlet, n. a small book. par'able, n. a similitude. parade', n.. show. paragraph, n. part of a sen- tence. par'allel, a. equidistant. paral'ysis, n. palsy. paramount, a. superior. par'asite, n. a flatterer. par'ley, v. to talk. parsimo'nious, a. covetous. partake', v. to share. par'tial, a. inclined to favour. participate, v. to have share. pas'senger, n. a traveller. pas'sive, a. submissive. pas'toral, a. rural. pater'nal, a. fatherly. pathet'ic, a. moving. pat'rimony, ». estate inhe- rited. pa'triot, n. a lover of his country. pat'ronage,n. favour, support. patronise', v. to protect. pavil'ion, n. a tent. PER 151 POL Pau'per, n. a poor person, pawn, v. to pledge, pec'toral, a. of the breast, pec'ulate, v. to rob the public, peculiar, a. particular, pecuniary, a. of money. ped'igree,?2. descent of family, peev'ish, a. hard to please, pen'alty, n. punishment, pend'ent, a. hanging, pen'etrate, v. to pierce, enter, pen'itence, n. sorrow for crime, pen'sion, ft. an allowance, pen'sive, a. sorrowful, penul'timate, a. last but one. penu'rious, a. sparing, pen'ury, ft. poverty, peradven'ture, ad. perhaps, perceive', v. to discover, to see. perception, n. idea, notion, per'colate, v. to strain, percus'sion, n. stroke, peremp'tory, a. absolute, peren'nial, a. perpetual. per'fect, a. complete, pure, perfid'ious, a. treacherous, per'forate, v. to bore, to pierce, perform', v. to do, to execute, performance, n. action, per'fume, n. sweet odour, per'ilous, a. full of danger, pe'riod, n. circuit, full stop, per'manent, a. durable, permls'sion, n. allowance, perni'cious, a. very hurtful, perpet'ual, a. never ceasing, perplex'ity, n. anxiety, persecute, v. to harass, perseve'rance, n. constancy. Persist', v. to be firm. per'sonate, v. to resemble. perspic'uous, a. clear. persuade', v. to influence. pertina'cious, a. resolute. per'tinent, a. relating to. perturba'tion, n. commotion. perverse', a. crooked, cross. peruse', v. to read. pes'tilence, n. plague. peti'tion, n. request. pet'rify, v. to turn to stone. pet'ulance, n. peevishness. phenom'enon, n. odd appear- ance. philos'opher, n. a lover of wisdom. phrase, n. mode of speech. pierce, v. to enter. pil'lage, n. plunder. pin'ion, n. part of a wing. pi 'rate, n. a sea-robber. pit'tance, n. a small portion. plain, a. open, sincere. plain'tive, a. sorrowful. plau'sible, a. specious. plead, v. to argue, to entreat. pleas'ure, n. delight. ple'nary, a. full, complete. plen'itude, n. fulness. plen'teous, a. abundant. pleth'ory, n. full habit. pli'able, a. easily bent. plume, n. a feather. plu'ral, a. more than one. poig'nant, a. sharp, severe. poise, v. to balance. polem'ic, a. disputing. pol'icy, ft. prudence, manage- ment. pol'ish, v. to give a gloss. polite', a. genteel. PRE 152 PRO Politics, n. public affairs. pollute', tf'% to defile. pom'pous, a. grand, showy. poii'der, v. to consider. pon'derous, a. heavy. pop'ular, a. of the common people, pop'ulous, a. full of people. port'able, a. that may be car- ried. portend', v. to foretoken. porter/tous, a. prodigious. por'trait, n. a picture. portray', v. to paint. posi'tion, n. situation, place. positive, a. certain. possession, n. owning. pos'sible, a. having power. posterity, n. descendants. postpone', v\ to put off. po'tent, a. powerful. pov'erty, n. indigence. prac'tice, n. use, habit. pragmatic, a. meddling. precarious, a. uncertain. precaution, v. to warn. precede, v. to go before. precedent, n. an example. pre'cept, n. a rule. pre'cious, a. valuable. pre'cipice, n. headlong steep. precipitant, a. hasty. precise', a. exact, strict. preclude', v. to shut out. preco'cious, w. early ripe. pred'atory, a. plundering. predeces'sor, n. an ancestor. predic'ament, ??. state. predict', v.io foretell. predilec'tion, n. preference. predominate, v. to prevail. pre-eminent, a. excellent. Preface, ?i. introduction. preference, n. choice. prejudice, n. prepossession. premature', a. ripe too soon. premeditate, v. to think be- fore. premon'ish, v. to warn. preponderate,?;, to outweigh. prepos'terous, a. absurd. presage', V. to foretell. presci'ence,?2.forekno\vledge. prescribe', v. to direct. preside', v. to be set over. pres'sure, n. force, weight. presume', v. to suppose. pretext', n. pretence. I prevalence, n. influence. pre'vious, a. going before. i primitive, a. original. prln'cipal, a. chief. | pri'or, a. former. privilege, n. advantage. : prob'able, a. likely. proba'tion, n. proof, trial. probity, n. honesty. probos'cis, n. a snout, i proclaim', v. to publish. procras'tinate, v. to put off. procure', v. to obtain. , prodigal, a. wasteful. I prodi'gious, a. amazing, vast. [ produc'tive, a. fertile. | profane', a. not sacred. < prof i'ciency,n. advancement. | profit, n. gain, advantage. I profligate, a. abandoned. profound', a. deep. profuse', a. lavish. progenitor, n. forefather. pro'geny, n. offspring. prog'ress, n. motion forward. prohibit, v. to forbid. PUR 153 REA Projection, n. plan, scheme. prolific, a. fruitful. prolix', a. long, tedious. prominent, a. in full view. promis'cuous, a. mixed. promote', v. to advance, to exalt. prompt, a. quick, ready. promulgate, v. to publish. pronunciation, n. utterance. prop'agate, v. to increase. propensity, n. inclination. proph'esy, v. to foretell. propi'tious, a. kind. proportion, n. form, relation. proprietor, n. owner. proscribe', v. to censure. pros'ecute, v. to pursue. pros'elyte, n. a convert. prosperity, n. success. pros Irate, a. lying flat. protract', v. to delay. protrude', v. to thrust for- ward. prov'erb, n. a wise sentence. provision, n. food, stock. provoke', v. to excite, to move. proxim'ity, n. nearness. pru'dent, a. discreet, wise. public, a. open. pu'erile, a. childish. pul'monary, a. of the lungs. pul'verize, v. to make dusty. punctilious, a. nice, exact. punc'tual, a. exact to time. pun'gent, a. sharp, biting. punish, v. to chastise. pu'pil, n. a learner. purge, v. to cleanse. pu'rify, v. to make pure. pur'pose, n. intention. Pursue', v. to follow, pu'trid, a. rotten, puz'zle, v. to perplex. Q- Quack, n. a pretender. quad'ruped, n. having four legs. quadru'ple, a. fourfold. quag'mire, n. a marsh. qualify, v. to make fit. quality, n. nature, temper. quan'tity, n. bulk or weight. quar'rel, v. to debate, to com- bat. quell, v. to crush, to subdue. ques'tion, v. to inquire. qui'et, n. rest, repose. quies'cent, a. resting. quiv'er, v. to shiver. quota'tioh, n. a citation. quo'tient, n. a number. E, Ra'diant, a. shining, radical, a. original, rai'ment, n. dress, garments, raise, v. to lift, to erect, ramify, v. to branch out. ran'cid, a. strong-scented, ran'dom, a. done by chance, ran'som, n. price of freedom, rapa'cious, a. violent, rapid, a. quick, swift, rar'efy, v. to make thin, rath'er, ad. more willingly, ratify, v. to confirm, settle, ra'tional, a. reasonable, wise. rav'age, v. to lay waste, rav'enous, a. devouring, readiness, n. freedom, faci- lity. REF 154 REP Read'y, a. prompt, prepared. re'alize, v. to make real. rebound', v. to spring back. rebuke', v. to chide, reprove. recapitulate, v. to recount. receive', v. to take, to admit. re 'cent, a, new, late, fresh. recep'tion, n. treatment. recess', n. retirement. recipient, n. a receiver. recip'ropal, a. by turns. recite', v. to repeat. reck'on, v. to number, to count. reclaim', v. to reform. rec'ognize,t>. to acknowledge. recoil', v. to shrink. recollect', v. to remember. recompense, v. to repay, to requite. rec'oncile, p. to compose par- ties. reconnoi'tre, v. to take a view. record', v, to register. recourse', n. access. ree'reafe, v. to amuse, to re- fresh. recruit', v. to supply. rec'titude, n. uprightness. recum'bent, a. lying down. redeem', v. to ransom. red'olent, a. sweet-scented. redress', n. remedy, relief. redun'dant, a. superfluous. refec'tory, n. eating-room. reference, n. relation to. refine', v. to purify. reflec'tion, n. censure. reform', v, to grow better. refrac'tory, a. obstinate. refrain', v. to forbear. Refresh'ment, n. food, rest. refuge, n. shelter, reful'gence, n. brightness, refund', v. to repay, refute', v. to prove false, regard', n. respect, esteem, re'gimen, n. diet, re'gion, n. a country, re'gister, n. a record, regress', n. passage back, reg'ular, a. orderly, reg'ulate, v. to direct, to order, rehearse', v. to repeat, rejoice/ v. to be glad, reitera'tion, n. repetition, relapse', v. to fall back, relax', v. to slacken, relent', v. to soften, to pity, reluc'tant, a. unwilling, remark 'able, a. worthy of note. remem'ber,v.tokeep in mind, remiss', a. slack, slothful, remis'sion, n. abatement, remorse', n. pain of guilt, remote', a. foreign, distant, remunerate, v. to reward, ren'ovate, v. to renew, renown', n. fame, praise, repair', v. to mend, repeal', v. to recall, repel', v. to drive back, repent', v. to be sorry, rep'ertory, n. a treasury, repetition, n. a recital, replenish, v. to renew, to fill, repose', n. rest, quietness, reprehend', v. to blame, represent', v. to exhibit, reprimand', v. to reprove, rep 'rebate, a, wicked, reprove', t\ to censure, RIG 155 SAV Repug'nant, a. contrary to. repulse', v. to drive back, reputa'tion, n. credit, requisite, a. necessary, requite', v. to repay, rescind', v. to cut off. res£m'ble, a. to be like, resent', v. to take ill. residence, n. place of abode, resign', v. to give up. resist', v. to oppose, res'olute, a. constant, firm, respect', n. regard, attention, respire', v. to breathe, resplen'dent, a. bright, respond', v. to answer, restrain', v. to withhold, restriction, n. limitation, result', n. consequence, resume', v. to take back, retain', v. to keep, retard', v. to hinder, retention, h. memory, retire'ment, n. private abode, retract', v. to recall, retrench', v. to cut off. retrieve', v. to recover, retroces'sion, n. going back. retrospec'tion,?2.1ookingback. retrogression, n. going back, reveal', v. to lay open, rev'erence, n. veneration, revert', v. to turn back, review', v. to re-examine, revoke', v. to repeal, recall, revolution, n. change, rota- tion. rich'es, h. wealth, rid'icule, v. to laugh at. right'eous, a. just, honest, ri'gid, a. stiff, cruel, severe, rig'orous, a. harsh. Ri'ot, n. an uproar, ri'otous, a. wanton, turbulent. risk, n. hazard, ri'val, v. to emulate, to excel, roam, v, to wander, robust', v. strong, vigorous, roman'tic, a. wild, fanciful, rota'tion, n. succession, rough, a. rugged, harsh, rub'bish, n. ruins, rude'ness, n. incivility. ru'diments,n. first principles, ri'minate, v. to think over, ru'mour, n. flying report, ru'ral, a. of the country. Sac'rifice, n. an offering, sad'ness, n. sorrow, safe'guard, n. a defence. saga'cious,«. of quick thought, sal'ary, n. hire, wages, sali'va, n. spittle, salva'tion, n. safety, salu'brious, a. healthful, sal'utary, a. wholesome, salute', v. to greet, to kiss, sanc'tify, v. to make holy, sinc'tion, n. approval, sanc'tity, n. holiness, san'guinary, a. cruel, bloody, san'guine, a. red ; ardent, warm, san'ity, n. soundness, sa'pient, a. wise, sage, sarcas'tic, a. severe, keen, sa'tiate, v. to glut, to fill. sat'isfy, v. to content, sat'urate, v. to fill full. sav'age, a. cruel, wild, sau'cy, a. pert, insolent, sa'vout, n. scent, odour. SEQ 156 SLU Scan'dal, n. infamy, scan'dalous, a. shameful, scarce, a. rare, uncommon. sc£nt, n. smell, scep'tre, n. ensign of royalty, scheme, n. project, plan, schism, n. separation, sci'ence, n. knowledge, skill, scorn'ful, a. insolent, scourge, v. to lash, chastise, scream, v. to cry out. screen, v. to shelter, scribe, n. a writer, scrip'ture, n. a writing, scrii'ple, n. doubt, scru'pulous, a. cautious, scru'tiny, ??. search, inquiry, sculp'ture, n. carved work, scur'rilous, a. abusive, low. scythe, n. for mowing, secrete', r. to hide, secii'rity,??. safety, protection, sedate', a. calm, serene, sed'entary, a. sitting, inactive, sedi'tion, n. tumult, seduce', v. to draw aside, sed'ulous, a. assiduous, seem'ly, a. decent, fit. seize, v. to take by force, select', v. to choose out. semicircle, n. half a circle. sem'inary, n. a school, sen'ate, n. an assembly, se'nior, a. older, sensa'tion, n. perception, sen'sible, a. judicious, sen'sual, a. carnal, sen'tient, a. perceiving, sen'timent, n. thought, sen'tinel, n. a guard, sep'ulchre, n. a grave, se'quel, n. conclusion. Serene', a. calm, placid, se'rious, a. solemn, grave, ser'mon, n. a discourse, ser'vile, a. slavish, mean, ses'sion, n. act of sitting, sev'er, v. to force asunder, sev'eral, a. distinct, severe, a. sharp, rigorous, sex'ton, n. a grave-digger, shaggy, a. hairy, rough, shel'ter, v. to protect, shield, v. to defend, shoal, a. shallow, show'er, n. fall of rain, shrewd, a. artful, sly. shriek, v. to scream, shrill, a. a piercing sound, shrink, v. to contract, sig'nal, «. eminent, sig'nature, n. name, mark, significant, a. important, sim'ilar, a. like, resembling, sim'mer, v. to boil gently, sjmpli'city, n. plainness, sincere', a. honest, uncorrupt. sin'ew, n. a tendon, sin'ister, a. unfair, selfish, sin'uous, a. winding, situa'tion, n. local position, skep'tical, a. doubtful, skilful, a. knowing, skit'tish, a. sly, fickle, skreen, v. to riddle, slan'der, v. to censure falsely. sla/very, n. servitude, slaughter, v. to slay, to kill, sla'vish, a. servile, mean, slight, v. to disregard, sloth'ful, a. lazy, slov'enly, a. negligent, slough, n. a deep miry place, slug'gish, a. indolent. SPR 157 SUB Sluice, 71. a floodgate, snare, v. to entrap, sobri'ety, n. gravity, so'ciable, a. friendly, soci'ety, n. company, sojourn', v. to dwell, solar, a. of the sun. sol'dier, n. a warrior, soremn, a. grave, serious, solem'nity, n. gravity, soll'cit, v. to entreat, solid'ity, n. firmness, solitary, a. alone, single, solitude, n. lonely life, sol'vent, a. able to pay. sono'rous, a. loud sounding, soothe, v. to calm, to soften, sophistry, n. false argument, soporific, a. causing sleep, sor'did, a. covetous, mean, sor'row, n. grief, mourning, sove'reign, n. supreme lord, source, n. origin, head, spa'eious, a. wide, roomy, spawn, n. eggs of fish, spe'cial, a. particular, spe'cies, n. class, kind, sort, spe'cimen, n. a sample, spe'cious, a. showy, spectator, n. a looker-on. spee'dy, a. swift, quick, sphere, n. a globe, spi'nous, a. thorny, spi'ral, a. curved, winding, spite'ful, a. malicious, splen'did, a. showy, spoil, v. to rob, to deface, sponta'neous, a. voluntary, sportive, a. gay, merry. spouse, n. husband or wife, spray, n. foam of the sea. sprightly, a, brisk, lively. Spruce, a. neat, trim. spu'rious, a. counterfeit. squil'id, a. foul, filthy. stability, n. steadiness. sta'ble, a. firm, steady, fixed. stug'nant, a. still. stale, a. old, long kept. stam'mer, v. to hesitate. stationary, «. fixed. stat'ue, n. an image. stat'ute, 7i. a law. stead'fast, a. firm, constant. steam, n. vapour. stench, n. stink, bad smell. stenography, n. short-hand. sterile, a. barren, unfruitful. stig'matize, v. to disgrace. stim'ulate, v. to excite. | stin'gy, a. niggardly. | stip'ulate, v. to contract. I strat'agem, n. an artifice. ! strength, n. force, vigour. | stren'uous, a. active, zealous. j strict, a. exact, severe. j stub'born, a. obstinate. stu'dent, n. a scholar. stupidity, n, dulness. stupendous, a. amazing. style, n. manner of writing. subdue', v. to conquer. sublime', a. high, lofty. sublunary, a. earthly. submission, n. obedience. submissive, a. humble. subsequent, a. following. subsistence, n. support. substantial, a. real, solid. substitute, n. one for another. sub'terfuge, n. a shift, trick. subterra'neous, a. under the ground. subtle, a. cunning, artful. sus 158 TEP Subvert', v. to overturn, to destroy. successful, a. prosperous. succes'sion, n. in order, line- age. succinct', a. concise, brief. suc'cour, n. help. sudorific, a. causing sweat. sufTi'cient, a. enough, equal to. suffrage, n. a vote, voice. suffuse', v. to blush. suggest', v. to hint. sol'len, a. obstinate, selfish. silm'mary, a. short, brief. sump'tuous, a. costly. snn'dry, a. several. superb', a. grand, pompous. supercil'ious, a. haughty. superficial, a. shallow ; out- side. superfluity, n. more than enough. supe'rior, a. higher. superlative, a. highest degree. superscribe', v. to write on the outside. supersti'tion, n. notion. supervise', v. to oversee. supplica'tion, n. petition. suppress', v. to crush. supreme, a. highest. sure'ty, n. safety. surface, ?i. the outside. surpass', v. to excel. surprise', v. to take unawares. surren'der, v. to give up. surrepti'tious, a. by stealth. survey', v. to overlook, to measure. suscep'tible, a. admitting. suspend', v. to hang; to delay. Suspension, n. cessation, de- lay, sus'tenance, n. support, food, swar'thy, a. tawny, dusky, swell, v. to grow larger, swerve, v. to turn aside, swoon, v. to faint, syc'ophant, n. a flatterer, sym'metry, n. proportion, sym'pathy, n. fellow-feeling, symp'tom, n. sign, token, synop'sis, n. a general view, sys'tem, n. theory ; method. Ta'cit, a. silent, implied. taint, v. to infect. tal'on, n. a bird's claw. tan'gent, a. touching. tan'gible, a. that may be touched. tantamount, a. equivalent. tar'dy, a. slow, dilatory. taunt, v. to insult, to revile. tautol'ogy, n. repetition. tech'nical,a. belonging to arts. te'dious, a. wearisome. temer'ity, n. rashness. tem'perance, 77. moderation. tem'porary, a. for a short time. tempta'tion, n. enticement. ten'able, a. that may be held. tena'cious, a. holding fast. ten'dency, n. course, direc- tion. ten'der, a. soft, gentle. ten'don, n. a sinew. ten'dril, n. clasp of a vine. ten'or, n. purport. ten'wous, a. thin, small. tep'id, a. lukewarm. TRA 159 VEH Ter'minate, v. to limit, end. terres' trial, a. earthly, ter'rible, a. dreadful, territory, n. district, land, ter'ror, n. great fear, testa'ceous, a. shelly. tes'tify, v. to bear witness, testimony, n. evidence. tex'ture, n. a web. thank'ful, a. grateful, the'ory, n. plan, system, tho'rax, n. the breast, thwart, v. to cross, to vex. ti'dings, n. news, message, tillage, n. farming, tim'orous, a. fearful, tinc'ture, n. colour; infusion, tithe, n. tenth part, toil'et, n. dressing-table, toil'some, a. laborious, to'ken, n. sign, mark, tol'erate, v. to allow, tor'ment, n. pain, misery, tor'pid, a. numb, inactive, tor'rid, a. parched, burning, tor'ture, n. pain, anguish, to'tal, a. all, whole. touch'y» a ' peevish, trac'table, ft. manageable, tradi'tion, n. account given, traduce', v. to slander, traffic, n. trade, commerce, train, v. to educate, tran'quil, a. peaceful, calm, transcend', v. to surpass, to excel, transcend'ent, a. excellent, transfer', v. to convey over. transform ' , v . to change shape . transgress', v. to violate, tran'sient, a. soon past, transi'tion, n. change. Transparent, a. clear, transposition, n. the act of changing, trav'erse, v. to wander over, treach'erous, a. faithless, trcas'ure, n. wealth laid up. trea'tise, ft. a discourse, tremen'dous, a. dreadful, trem'ulous, a. shaking, tribula'tion, n. vexation, trien'nial, a. for three years, triv'ial, a. worthless, trifling, tri'umph, n. joy for success, tu 'mult, n. noise, riot, tur'bid, a. thick, muddy, tur'bulent, a. noisy, tur'gid, a. swelling, twain, a. two. tvvin'kle, v. to sparkle, type, n. a figure, emblem, tyr'anny, n. severity. u.v. Va'cancy, n. empty space, vaca'tion, n. leisure. • vac'uum, n. a void, va'grant, a. wandering, vague, a. unsettled, val'iant, a. brave, stout, validity, n. value; certainty, val'uable, a. of much worth, van'ish, v. to disappear, van'ity, n. vain pursuit, folly, van'quish, v. to conquer, vap'id, a. dead, spiritless, va'riable, a. changeable, vari'ety, n. change, va'rious, a. diiferent. vas'salage, n. slavery, vault, n. a cave, ve'getable, a. of plants, ve'hemence, n. violence. UND 160 VUL Ve'hicle, n. a carriage. velo'city, n. swiftness, speed. ven'omous, a. poisonous. ven'lilate, v. to give vent, to fan. vera'city, n. truth, exactness. verba'tim, ad. word for word. ver'durc, n. greenness. verge, n. edge, border, limit. veVily, ad. in truth. vermic'ular, a. like a worm. vernac'ular, a. native. versatile, a. changeable. ver'tigo, ??. giddiness. veVtige, )i. footstep, trace. vexa'tious, a. afflictive. vi'brate, v. to move to and fro. vicin'ity, >?. neighbourhood. vic'tory, n. conquest. vicis'situde, n. change. vi'gilant, a. watchful. vig'our, n. force, strength. vindication, n. defence. vi'olence, n. force, outrage. vir'tuous, a. chaste, good. vir'ulent, a. malignant. vis'cid, a. tough, ropy. vis'ible, a. apparent, open. vis'ionary, a. fanciful. vit'reous, a. glassy. vitupera'tion, n. blame, cen- sure. viva'cious,cr. sprightly, lively. uT^er, n. a running sore. ul'timate, a. the very last. um'brafre, n. offence: sha- dow. unanim'ity, n. agreement. uneer'tain, a. doubtful. uncouth', a. rough, odd. inc'tion, n. an ointment. undaunted, a. bold, fearless. Un'dulate, v. to roll as a wave. unequiv'ocal, a. plain. unexhaust'ed, a. not spent. unfaith'ful, a. disobedient. unfeign'ed, a. sincere. unfruitful, a. not fertile. ungen'erous, a. mean. ungodly, a. wicked. ungrateful, a. unthankful. u'niform, a. alike, similar. unite', v. to join, to agree. univer'sal, a. general. unmer'ciful, a. cruel. unmer'ited, a. not deserved. unrelenting, a. hard-hearted. unright'eous, a. unjust. unsavoury, a. tasteless. unseasonable, a. untimely. unsta'ble, a. unsteady. unwa'ry, a. wanting caution. unwieldy, a. heavy, bulky. vocab'ulary, a. a list of words. voea'tion, n. trade or calling. vociferous, a. noisy. vol'atile, a. lively, flying. voli'tion, n. act of willing. volubil'ity, n. fluency. vol'untary, a. of free choice. volup'tuous,a. excess of plea- sure. vora'cious, a. greedy. vouchsafe, v. to grant. upbraid, v. to chide. urban'ity, n. civility. ur'gent, a. pressing. ush'er, n. an under-teacher. utility, n. usefulness. ut'terly,«rf. fully, completely. vul'gar, a. common, mean. vulnerable, a. liable to be hurt. WOR 161 ZON 1 W. wor'thy, a. deserving. Waft, v. to carry. wran'gle, v. to quarrel. wag'gish, a. mischievous. wreathe, v. to curl, to twist. wail, v. to lament, to grieve. wres'tle, v. to struggle. waive, v. to put off. wretch 'ed, a. miserable. wan'der, v. to rove, to go wring, v. to twist. astray. wrong'ful, a. injurious. wan'ton, a. rude, forward. wry, a. crooked, distorted. war'fare, n. military life. way'farer, n. a traveller. Y. w£alth'y, a. rich, opulent. Yawn, v. to gape, to open. wea'risome, a. tedious. yearly, a. every year. wedlock, n. marriage. yeo'man, n. a farmer. wel'fare, n. happiness, health. yield, v. to give up. whlm'sical, a. full of notions. youth'ful, a. young. whis'per, n. a low voice. whole'some, a. salutary. z. wil'derness, n. a desert. Zeal, n. ardour. wish'ful, a. desirous. zeaPous, a. full of zeal. with'er, v. to fade away. ze'nith, n. point overhead. wit'ness, n. testimony. zeph'yr, n. the west wind. won'derful, a. strange. zest, n. relish. wor'ship, n. reverence, re- zig-zag, a. having short turns. spect. z6ne. n. a girdle. ':■■>'*?/ •:*&&- J? -^ 14* 162 Of the Pauses and Murks used in Writing. Q. What is the use of a comma? Q 3 ] A. It is to stop the reader's voice the time of pronounc- ing one syllable. Q. What is the use of a semicolon ? [[$ ~] A. To stop the voice the time of pronouncing two syl- lables. Q. What is the use of a colon ? [ : ] A. Tq stop the voice the time of pronouncing four syl- lables. Q. What is the use of a period ? [ . ] A. To stop the voice the time of pronouncing six syllables. Q. What is the use of a note of interrogation ? [ ? ] A. It shows that a question is asked, and the end of the sentence preceding it should be read with a raised tone of voice, except when a question is asked by who, which, what, how, why, when, where, wherefore, which sentences should be read with a depression of the voice at the end of them. Q. What is the use of a note of exclamation ? [!] A. It is a mark of wonder, surprise, or admiration. The reader's voice should stop as long at an exclamation and interrogation as at a colon. Q. What is the use of a hyphen ? [_ m ~] A. It is used in connecting compound words, as inkstand. It is also used when a word is divided, and the former part of the word is written at the end of one line, and the latter part of it, at the beginning of another. In this case, it should always be placed at the end of the first line. Q. What is the use of a parenthesis ? j" ( ) ] A. It includes something explanatory : which, if omitted, would not obscure the sense. The words included in a parenthesis, should be read with a weaker tone of voice than the rest of the sentence. Q. What is the use of an apostrophe ? [ ' ] A. It is used to show the possessive case,* as a man's property. It is likewise used to show that some letter or letters are omitted, as play'd for played, 'tis for it is, : CONTAINING A LARGE PROPORTION OF EXAMPLES IN FEDERAL MONEY, JN EACH RULE THROUGHOUT THE WORK. BY TITUS BENNETT. TO WHICH IS ANNEXED A Course of Book-keeping, by Single Entry. THE UN T TED STATES SPEAKER: tfSlSTMTG OF A CHOICE COLLECTION OF PIECES, \ Narrative, Didactic, Descriptive, Patlrtic, fyc.,from th j best authors. Selected with a view to suppW the young student in elocution with a number of exercises for improvement in the important art.) of reading and speaking. Compiled by Thomas T. Smiley. COBB'S JUVENILE READER, No. 1 ; containing interest- ing, moral, and instructive Reading Lessons, composed of easy words of one ami two syllables; designed for the use of small children in families and school?. COBB'S JUVENILE READER, No. 2; containing interest- ing, moral, and irisu uctive Reading Lessons, composed of words of one, two, and three syllables ; designed, in connexion with No. 1, to accom- pany the Spelling-Book. COBB'S JUVENILE- READER, No. 3; containing interest ing, historical, moral, and instructive Reading Lessons, composed o words of a greater number of syllables than the lessons in Nob. 1 anc 2 ; and a greater variety of com osition, both in prose and poetry. COBB'S SEQUEL TO THE JUVENILE READERS; comprising a selection of Lessons in Prose and Poetry, from highly esteemed American and English writers. Designed for the use of higher classes in Schools and Academies. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 003 155 943 1 <