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 ALEXANDER S. CLAY 
 
 I Late a Senator (rom Georgia) 
 
 MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 DELIVERED IN THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF 
 REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS 
 THIRD SESSION 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 
 February 18, 1911 
 
 Proceedings in the House 
 February 19, 1911 
 
 COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 
 THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING 
 
 
 WASHINCTOK 
 
 1911 
 

 lf/®^4 
 
 f 
 
 no 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 Patre. 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 5 
 
 Prayer by Rov. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D 5,7 
 
 Memorial addresses by — 
 
 Mr. Bacon, of Georgia 8 
 
 Mr. Scott, of West Virginia 18 
 
 Mr. Taliaferro, of Florida 21 
 
 Mr. Tillman, of South Carolina 25 
 
 Mr. Lodge, of Massachusetts-. 27 
 
 Mr. Overman, of North Carolina 29 
 
 Mr. Carter, of Montana 33 
 
 Mr. Bailey, of Texas 36 
 
 Proceedings in the House 41 
 
 Prayer by Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D 42 
 
 Memorial addresses by — 
 
 Mr. Hardwick, of Georgia 44 
 
 Mr. Burgess, of Texas 50 
 
 Mr. Richardson, of Alabama 52 
 
 Mr. Davis, of Minnesota 55 
 
 Mr. Brantley, of Georgia 59 
 
 Mr. Adamson, of Georgia 64 
 
 Mr. Hughes, of Georgia 69 
 
 Mr. Bell, of Georgia _. 74 
 
 Mr. Cullop, of Indiana 76 
 
 Mr. Lee, of Georgia 83 
 
 Mr. Edwards, of Georgia 88 
 
 Mr. Burnett, of Alabama 92 
 
 Mr. Bartlctt, of Georgia 95 
 
 [3] 
 
KO;r.ALEX.aasIDER S CLAY 
 
Dt 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 
 
 Monday, December 5, 1910. 
 
 The Vi( r New York) 
 
 railed fV« 
 
 a: -c 
 
 we II- ^ .11 .ly 
 
 wailing servants now before Ihce, ;ii;(1 gi'aciousiy hear 
 the common supplication which wifi < m Ik rn ! .luA with 
 one mind we make unto Thee. 
 
 The absent f ' .> anew id.-h it is u-\ jm us 
 
 \hti *nlk In , and th.it we ari rvr-r «le- 
 
 . .out whom no' U- 
 
 nn'c Thee, ci: of 
 
 .ou hast call' ;ly 
 
 ■' • ■ ■ .I.S 
 
 Au.l r.. 
 Th. 1 
 Thy 
 
 sion, be-, 
 grace and l m 
 
 And unto li 
 we render praisi, li 
 
^S2f^>.'^ 
 
 -:i:R s : i.A 
 
DEATH OF HON. ALEXANDER S. CLAY 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 
 
 Monday, December 5, 1010. 
 
 The Vice President (James S. Slierniaii, of New York) 
 called the Senate to order at 12 o'clock noon. 
 
 The Chaplain, Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D., ofYered 
 the following prayer: 
 
 Almighty (lod, our heavenly Father, in whose presence 
 we now stand, look with favor, we pray Thee, upon Thy 
 waiting servants now before Thee, and gi'aciously hear 
 the common supplication which with one heart and with 
 one mind we make unto Thee. 
 
 The absent faces remind us anew that it is not in us 
 who walk to direct our steps, and that we are ever de- 
 pendent upon Thee, without wliom not a sparrow fall- 
 eth. We remember before Thee, our Father, those of 
 our body whom Thou hast called from these earthly 
 courts to Thine higher service, and pray that there as 
 here they may be compassed about by Thine everlasting 
 arms. 
 
 And for us, as we gird ourselves for the work to which 
 Thou hast called us, we pray that we may be guided by 
 Thy wisdom, and upheld by Thy strength; that this ses- 
 sion, begun in Thy name, may be continued by Tiiy 
 grace and ended to Thy glory. 
 
 And unto the name which is above every name will 
 we render praise, now and for evermore. Amen. 
 
 [5] 
 
Mk.mokiai. Ai)niu:.ssi;s : Senator (".lav 
 
 Mr. Bacon. Mr. President, with great personal sorrow, 
 wliich I know is fully shared by all Senators, by whom 
 he was so universally beloved, I have to announce to 
 the Senate the death of my late colleague. Senator 
 Alexander S. Clay. He died three weeks ago, on the 
 13th day of November, in Atlanta, Ga., near his home. 
 
 The time and the occasion, Mr. President, will not 
 now permit, but hereafter, during the present session 
 of Congress, I shall ask the Senate to set apart a day 
 when suitable tribute may be paid to his memory. 
 
 I now, Mr. President, offer the following resolutions 
 for the consideration of the Senate: 
 
 The Vice President. The Secretary will read the reso- 
 lutions offered by the Senator from Georgia. 
 
 The Secretary read the resolutions, as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of 
 the death of the Hon. Alexander S. Clay, late a Senator from the 
 State of Georgia. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary communicate a copy of tliese reso- 
 lutions to the House of Representatives. 
 
 The Vice Presujent. The question is on agreeing to 
 the resolutions. 
 
 The resolutions were unanimously agreed to. 
 
 J.\nuary 21, 1911. 
 
 Mr. Bacon. Mr. President, I desire to give notice, speak- 
 ing for my colleague and myself and also for the Senators 
 from Iowa, that on Saturday, the 18th day of February, 
 we shall ask the Senate at half past 2 o'clock to suspend 
 the ordinary business for the purpose of listening to 
 tributes to be paid to the memory of my former col- 
 league, Mr. Clay, and of the former Senator from Iowa, 
 Mr. Dolliver. 
 
 [6] 
 
Pii()(.i:KniNc.s IN THE Senatk 
 
 Saturday, February 18, 1911. 
 
 The Chaplain, Rov. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D., offered 
 the following prayer: 
 
 Eternal God, our heavenly Father, with whom do live 
 the spirits of tliem that depart hence and with whom 
 the souls of the faithful evermore dwell, to Thee alone 
 can we turn in this hour of sorrow and of loss. Thy com- 
 passions have been ever of old, and because Thy faith- 
 fulness changeth not, therefore are we not cast down. 
 As Thou dost call us to this day of memoiy, when not 
 as we would but as we are able to speak forth the 
 praise of Thy servants, help us, we pray Thee, by the 
 light of their lives to be faithful in duty, loyal to the serv- 
 ice of our country, and obedient to the heavenly vision, 
 because of those who walk no more with us on earth. 
 
 And unto Thee, who art the light of them that sit in 
 darkness and who dost comfort all that mourn, giving 
 beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, and the 
 garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness, will we 
 ascribe praise now and for evermore. Amen. 
 
 Mr. Bacon. Mr. President, I offer the resolutions which 
 I send to the desk. 
 
 The Vice President. The resolutions will be read. 
 
 The resolutions were read, considered by unanimous 
 consent, and unanimously agreed to, as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of 
 the death of the Hon. .\LExANDEn Stephens Clay, late a Senator 
 from the State of Georgia. 
 
 Resolved, That as a mark of respect to the memory of the 
 deceased the business of the Senate be now suspended to enable 
 his associates to pay proper tribute to his high ciiaracter and dis- 
 tinguished public services. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary communicate a copy of these reso- 
 lutions to the House of Representatives and transmit a copy 
 thereof to the family of the deceased. 
 
 [7] 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 Address of Mk. Bacon, of Georgia 
 
 Mr. President: It was a sad meeting of Senators when 
 Congress convened in December last. As they gathered 
 in this Chamber there were four vacant seats, four names 
 absent from the roll. 
 
 Since the end of the former session, and in the interval 
 of five short months, four who were Members of this 
 body and so long familiar to these scenes had passed 
 away and gone to their final rest. 
 
 As the Vice President announced the close of the 
 session in June he said, " Please God that when the 
 Senate assembles again next December we shall all be 
 here." The echo of his fervent wish had scarcely died 
 away before the veteran McEnery received his death 
 stroke while still upon the railroad train that only bore 
 him to his home in time to die among his loved ones. 
 And then within five days thereafter passed from earth 
 the knightly soul of Daniel. Only too soon thereafter 
 from the West there flashed over the electric wire the 
 dire news that the brilliant Dolliver was dead. Last of 
 these, and but three weeks before we convened in the 
 present session, in his final sleep were closed the eyes 
 of my own honored and loved colleague, Alexander 
 Stephens Clay. Each of these was a prominent figure 
 in this Chamber. The eldest of the four, McEnery, pa- 
 tient under a physical infirniily wliich (lc'l)aire(l liini 
 
 [8] 
 
Ai>nni.ss oi Mil. Hacon, of CiEom.iA 
 
 from many of the injoyinonts williiii the reach of others, 
 firm and unswerving in his adherence to poHcies and 
 measures approved by him. Daniel, eloquent in speech, 
 in manner courtly, classic in mold of feature, and in 
 his halting gait ever a picturesque reminder of the titanic 
 struggle in which he bore his part. Dolliver, the orator 
 whose voice rang out like a clarion and whose onset in 
 debate was like a battle charge. And Clay, ever at his 
 post, alert to every duty, unwearying in labor, strong 
 and fearless in debate, seeking out and challenging every 
 wrong, a very tribune of the people. 
 
 The passing of these four Senators could hut leave a 
 great void in our midst: and their deaths, all announced 
 in this Chamber within the same hour, presented a scene 
 such as has never before been witnessed in the Senate 
 since the foundation of the Government, and which, pray 
 God, may never again be seen within these walls! 
 
 The life of my late colleague was from his childhood 
 one of unwearying activities, one of unceasing struggle 
 for that which was for the better and tlic higher. With 
 him, from boyhood, each attainment was but a step upon 
 the stairway that led to a higher plane of advancement. 
 
 He was not cradled in luxury nor were the muscles 
 of his early boyhood softened in indulgent ease. He 
 was the eldest son of a modest farmer in Cobb County, 
 Ga., where he was born. During his boyhood he as- 
 sisted his father in the manual labor of the farm. At 
 one time, since the date when he became a United States 
 Senator, when passing with him through his native 
 county, he pointed out to me a field where as a boy, 
 during the time spared from school, he had for years 
 himself guided the plow and assisle<I in making the 
 crops. On that same day he narrated to me an incident 
 to which later events lent a more than ordinary interest. 
 It was that, three years after the close of the Civil War, 
 
 [9] 
 
.Mi:moiu.\i. AnuiiiissES: Senator Clay 
 
 he was called from his plow in the field to the bordering 
 roadside by his fatlier and presented to one who was 
 passing by and who was to him unknown. It proved to 
 be Gen. John B. Gordon, the battle-scarred veteran who, 
 at 32 years of age, had, by Lee's personal selection, com- 
 manded the right wing of his dauntless army. Gordon 
 took the wide-eyed boy by the hand, commended his 
 industry, and predicted for him a prosperous future. 
 The boy with swelling heart returned to his plow, which 
 he had left in the furrow, and he who was to his youth- 
 ful imagination the magic hero went upon his way. 
 Twenty-eight years after that first meeting, when Gen. 
 Gordon closed his last tei'm of service here, he who had 
 then met him as the 15-year-old farmer boy succeeded 
 him as a Senator from Georgia in this body. 
 
 While young Clay was thus busy witli the needs of 
 the farm, they were not allowed to deny to him the ad- 
 vantages of a liberal education, and from the common 
 and high schools, through the successive grades of wliich 
 he passed, he was transferred to Hiawassee College, in 
 the State of Tennessee, where in due time he was gradu- 
 ated with distinction. As the college doors closed behind 
 him, he girded himself for the life work, which only 
 ended when he finally laid down his burden 35 years 
 later. During the years while he guided the plow in the 
 field and conned his lessons in the village school, vi- 
 sions of advancement and place and I'ortune had stirred 
 within him. And now that opportunity was his, the 
 profession of the law was that with wliich he proposed 
 to achieve fortune and leadership and position in public 
 life. These he was to seek through the avenues to dis- 
 tinction opened in the career of a successful lawyer, 
 the prize he set himself to win. Like so many men 
 who in America have later achieved the highest place, 
 when he left college he taiighl school wliile he prepared 
 
 [to I 
 
Ani)iii:s.s oi Mn. Bacon, oi' (iKORdiv 
 
 himself lor admission to the bar. This he did for two 
 years, teaching his scholars by day and himself studying 
 the law books at niglit. Among those schohirs was a 
 charming, fair-haired girl, Miss Frances White, who soon 
 thereafter became his loving and devoted wife, sharing 
 his every burden, inspiring him in even' effort, encour- 
 aging hini in every struggle, and proud of him in all his 
 successes, ending with the highest honors within the 
 power of the State to bestow. With his admission to the 
 bar, his work of preparation was ended, and, like a 
 strong athlete who begins a race, he entered the lists of 
 endeavor. 
 
 His rise at the bar was rapid, continuous in its progress, 
 and certain and conspicuous in its achievement. So 
 much so that within a few years, while still a very 
 young man, he was one of the I'ecognized leaders in a 
 bar of exceptional ability. His success in his profession 
 brought him not onlj' prominence but also material 
 reward. But it was not for him to be content with the 
 fame of a successful lawyer nor with its pecuniary re- 
 wards. He was not indifferent to the one nor neglectful 
 of the other, but from the not distant field there fell upon 
 his ears and fired his imagination the echoes of political 
 struggles, in whicii he was only too eager to take a part; 
 and his pulses quickened as out of the mists of the years 
 that stretched out before him phantom arms seemed to 
 beckon him on to the |)ublic arena. He had not long to 
 await his opportunity. 
 
 The same qualities which so distinguished him here 
 made him a leader in his community and section. Soon 
 he was cliosen to represent his county in the legislature 
 of the State, where he served for six consecutive years. 
 Here again his ability and superior qualities brought him 
 success, and during the last two years of his service he 
 was elected and served as speaker of the house of repre- 
 
 :ilj 
 
.Mi:.M()HiAi, Ar)i)hESSi;s: SiiN.vroK Ci.ay 
 
 sentativts. From the Iidusc oi' representatives he was 
 transl'erred by popular election to the State senate, 
 where he was, upon his first entrance, chosen as the 
 president of tiiat bodj', and so continued until the expira- 
 tion of liis term two years later. From being a local 
 leader in his own section he had become a recognized 
 leader in his State. In all the Commonwealth there was 
 no man of wider and more active personal influence, and 
 there have been few public men who could confidently 
 number so many warm personal and political friends. 
 Without seeking the position, he was chosen the head 
 and leader of the Democratic Party in his State, and 
 guided and conducted it through the most exciting strug- 
 gle for political mastery with the Populist Party. Soon 
 thereafter an unexpected stroke of fate opened the door 
 to him which led to the Senate. Upon the approaching 
 close of the senatorial term of Gen. John B. Gordon, 
 Charles F. Crisp, former Speaker of the National House 
 of Representatives, had by a popular priman,' in the 
 State been chosen to succeed him; but on the eve of 
 the assembling of the legislature which was to elect 
 him, while his hand was outstretched to receive the 
 commission which would consunniiate liis life's ambi- 
 tion, he was suddenly stricken in death, and the legisla- 
 ture, in his stead, chose Clay to succeed Gordon in the 
 Senate. 
 
 He came here March 4, 1897, when 43 years of age, and 
 was then sworn into olfice. Together on that day we 
 walked from this Chamber and witnessed on the east 
 front of the Capitol the first inauguration of McKinley 
 on as beautiful a day as ever shone upon this or any 
 other city. 
 
 Witiiin the limits proper for tliese remarks it is a 
 diflicult task, and in a degree an impossible one, to speak 
 in reasonably adecjuale terms of his labors and services 
 
 [12] 
 
.\ni)Hi:ss oi" Mk. Ha(,(in. oi- ('ii:()K(.i\ 
 
 as a Sriialor. F^roiii the outset he grappled earnestly 
 with the task he had here set for himself. He was active 
 and untiring in iiis labor and in his studies, and with 
 each succeeding month he acquired to a greater and still 
 greater extent a masteiy of the work to be done in tlie 
 Senate, until not only in the end, but during many years 
 prececUng the end, he was known to all the Senate, and 
 to all the public as well, as one of the most hard-working, 
 best-informed, and cllicient of all the Senators. y 
 
 Few people realize, or indeed imagine, to the extent 
 of one-tenth of the realitj' the great range and extent of 
 the labors of the Senator who shirks no duty, who sets 
 no limit upon the range of his activities, and who en- 
 deavors to set his luHuls to the work of the Senate wher- 
 ever it is presented to him. It is a fact, realized by all 
 who have been in a position to properly judge, that the 
 work of the Senator has nu)rc than doubled within the 
 past 13 years. This has resulted from the growth of the 
 country and the very great development and increase in 
 governmental work and in the enlargement and multi- 
 plication of governmental functions. But this is not the 
 only explanation of the vast range of the work of a Sen- 
 ator. Because the Senate is a body small in numbers, 
 and because of its liberal rules of procedure, each Sen- 
 ator has the opportunity for participation and activity in 
 every phase of the Senate's work. lie is not limited to 
 the range of a particular subject of legislation, as is 
 largely the case with members of other legislative bodies 
 having a large number in membership and with restric- 
 tive rules. The business of the Senate, and the scope of 
 its subjects for debate as well, are as wide as all the 
 affairs of this great Government, not only in relation to 
 its own internal affairs, but also in regard to its relations 
 to the business and politics of all the earth. No small 
 arena is this, and great is his task who daily engages in 
 
 L13j 
 
Mk.mokiai. Addhessks: Sknator Clay 
 
 its struggles and wlio, by study mid thought, is fitted lor 
 the arduous work, j^ 
 
 There are some Senators who labor only in the work 
 of coininittees and who take no part in the debates. 
 There arc other Senators who do little work on com- 
 mittees and who are only active in speeches or in the 
 debates. Senator Clay was one of the small number 
 who do both. It maj' be confidently said that there was 
 not in the Senate a more diligent and faithful worker 
 than he on its committees and in its daily routine duties. 
 It is equally true that he was one of the most active de- 
 baters in the Senate. Not only was he an almost daily 
 participant in the current debates, but when great issues 
 were at stake, after careful study he prepared and de- 
 livered elaborate and exceptionally strong speeches upon 
 the questions involved therein. Perhaps the most nota- 
 ble of these was his speech in opposition to the ship- 
 subsidy bill in 1902. This was most carefully prepared 
 and was an exceedingly strong and notable speech, and 
 attracted the marked attention and enlisted the strongest 
 commendation of the press and country at large. It 
 made a deep impression upon the Senate. It was recog- 
 nized bj^ all as far and away the strongest speech which 
 was delivered in that notable debate and as having ex- 
 erted a potent influence in defeating the passage of the 
 bill. 
 
 Many other speeches of high excellence were made 
 by him of which time will not now permit the mention, 
 but among them his speeches on the Sugar Trust will be 
 long remembered. In addition to the work of the com- 
 mittees and in the open sessions of the Senate, his gen- 
 eral work on a hundred lines, which are ever pressing 
 here, but of which the j)ublic knows little, was immense. 
 He not only did his own work, but was constantly help- 
 ing his colleagues in the House and Senate in accom- 
 
 [U] 
 
Addhess oi' Mh. Hac.on, or (Jeorgia 
 
 pli.siiin£5 theirs. In common parlance he \vas constantly 
 " on the go," cither on his own business or that of some 
 of his colleagues. No one ever appealed to him in vain 
 for assistance. 
 
 He was a lovable man and he was greatly beloved on 
 both sides of tliis Chamber. That this was true of him 
 ever}' Senator who served with him will attest; and in 
 Georgia no public man has ever been personally more 
 widely loved than was he. His attention to duty, his 
 fidelity to his trust, his capacity, and his official and per- 
 sonal integrity had all made a deep impression upon the 
 general public at large, and the announcement of his 
 death elicited from the press and public men throughout 
 the countn*' heartfelt tributes to his worth and public 
 services such as have been rendered to few others. He 
 was the uncompromising foe of extravagance in the Gov- 
 ernment and as well of every form of corruption. Of 
 everything that could benefit the people at large he was 
 the active champion. It was no afTectation in him that 
 he loved the common people and was devoted to their 
 interest. It was with him an instinct, a part of his 
 organization. He had drunk it with liis mother's milk 
 and it was bred into his blood and bone. To no safer 
 man than he could have been intrusted tlie guarding of 
 the people's interest. 
 
 Mr. President, 1 have personally known 30 years of 
 legislative life, 14 years in the legislature of my State, 
 with annual sessions, and 16 years in the Senate of the 
 United States. In those 30 years 1 have been intimately 
 associated with several thousand legislators, and I now 
 say, with confidence in the correctness of my judgment, 
 that, among all those thousands and in that long experi- 
 ence, 1 have never known a legislator who combined in a 
 higher degree all at the same time the excellence of in- 
 dustry, fidelity, and capacity in the work of legislation. 
 
 15] 
 
.Mi;M()itiAi. A:)i)iu;ssi-.s: Si;nai()h Ci.av 
 
 Tliosc wlio labored witli liim in tlie work ol" coniniittees 
 know how industrious and how vahuible ho was in that 
 sphere of work. 
 
 The Senate and the public knew of his activity in de- 
 bates and in the work of the open session, wliile many 
 thousands will attest his never-failing services in the vast 
 multitudes of matters which press daily for the attention 
 of a Senator and of which the general public knows 
 nothing. 
 
 There can be but little doubt but that in his death he 
 was a self-immolated martyr to his official duty as he 
 conceived it. For more than a year he had been in a 
 very alarming and precarious condition of health. With 
 each succeeding month his progressing decline was pain- 
 fully apparent to tliose who stood nearest to him. It was 
 not doubted by those who watched him most closely that 
 each day's labor was fixing more and more plainly the 
 stamp of death ujjon him. He was daily conjured by 
 them to leave the work and seek the restoration of his 
 health, but in vain. He steadfastly refused to go. Three 
 Democratic members of the Appropriations Committee 
 were absent, seriously ill, and a fourth was attending the 
 bedside of a member of his family in a well-nigh fatal 
 illness, and he would not leave his post. With the 
 shadow upon him of tiie wing of the hovering death 
 angel he remained until the close of the session, and 
 then went home to die. 
 
 Mr. President, throughout Georgia there was universal 
 sorrow when he died; and all will agree that his death 
 has caused a gi'eat loss to the country' and to the Senate. 
 Of the personal loss that it has brought to me I can 
 scarcely venture to speak. I have known him for 30 
 years past. During the 14 years that he has been a 
 Senator I have been most closely and most intimately 
 associated willi him, and during Hint time 1 have grown 
 
 [16] 
 
Address oi Mh. Bacon, of (iEOiuJiv 
 
 to love him as Jonathan lovcti David. During all those 
 years there was never a clash or a ditl'erencc between us. 
 There was never a jealousy or rivalry between us. There 
 was never a time when each of us was not glad to 
 advance the interests of the other. I was the older in 
 5'ears and in ofTlcial life, and yet I grew to lean heavily 
 upon him and drew strength from his sustaining sup- 
 port. I miss him every day and every hour. To me 
 there still come the echoes of his voice, while in absent 
 moments I look to his accustomed seat, as if again to see 
 him there. 
 
 Mr. President, I have consumed all the time which now 
 is properly mine, and yet it seems to me that I have said 
 nothing as I should of my dead friend, and I linger re- 
 luctant to say my last word of him. 
 
 At his bier stood four generations of his immedit<te 
 family — his revered father and mother, each beyond 
 fourscore in j'ears; his loved wife and brothers; his dear 
 children, five sons and one daughter; and his not less 
 dear little grand.son, who bears and will transmit his 
 name. 
 
 With this grief-stricken family, and with the whole 
 sorrowing connnunity, on a beautiful hilltop, in the clos- 
 ing hour of a golden autumn day, we laid him to his 
 final earthly sleep to await another dawn—" some ra- 
 diant Easter beyond the gates of Night." 
 
 [17] 
 
Address of Mb. Scott, of West Virginia 
 
 Mr. President: It is alwtiys a sad occasion when we 
 meet together in this body to speak of the death of one 
 of our associates whose work for the betterment of man- 
 kind has been finished. Truly, he is the most worthy 
 servant who doth well and brings sunshine into the lives 
 of others. True wealth is of the heart, not of the hand; 
 and Alexander Stephens Clay was a man whose ear 
 was ever ready to listen to the grievances of his fellow 
 man and to truly champion his cause if he considered 
 that he was being unfairly dealt with or neglected. 
 
 I had the honor of being appointed as one of the rep- 
 resentatives of this honorable bod}' to attend the funeral 
 services of Mr. Clay at his home in Marietta, Ga. The 
 heartfelt sympathy and loss of a community is shown 
 by the last tribute paid to the one who has passed over 
 the river of life into the great beyond. II was phiiiily 
 manifest through the State, and especially at Marietta 
 and Atlanta, that the hearts of the citizens of that Com- 
 monwealth keenly felt their loss by the tribute they paid 
 him who had served them with fidelity and sincerity of 
 purpose for so many years. For humanity gives in love 
 what we render in faith, and after all there is a great 
 deal of humanity in human nature, even if it takes death 
 to awaken one to the sense of love and gratitude which 
 lies dormant in the mind and heart. In the death of 
 Senator Clay the State of Georgia not only lost an able 
 representative, an honest representative, but she lost a 
 most wortiiy citizen, one whose place will bo hard to fill 
 in this body. 
 
 [18] 
 
Addklss oi Mh. Scoit, or Wf.st Vihc.ima 
 
 Tliomas Carlylc said, " Uo the duty tliat lies luarest 
 thee, the next is already clearer;" and Mr. Clay's public 
 life is an example of this saying. He was fearless in his 
 utterances when once he was convinced that he was 
 fighting under the right flag and for a just cause, for he 
 was one who did not attempt to win the crown of life by 
 dodging the crosses which are to be borne by mankind, 
 for he believed that one deed of right was worth a world 
 of all that we hold as creeds. Surely man must stand 
 by that which is right, for when the years that we shall 
 pass on earth are at an end our measures of life's deeds, 
 and our bequest to mankind through the influence of 
 the life we lived, we are judged by the noble deeds that 
 we have done, for the man who leaves a lasting memory 
 to the worUl is the man who does good deeds to and for 
 his fellow man. 
 
 It was my privilege, in the 12 years I have been a Mem- 
 ber of this body, to be thrown into close personal rela- 
 tions with the late Senator Clay on several committees. 
 I think there is no place where we really learn the true 
 character of a man or appreciate his worth as much as 
 we do with those with whom we are associated in com- 
 mittee work. He was always broad in his views on 
 matters before the committees, yet conservative, and, 
 above all things, fair to all sections and people, and with 
 a most fersent desire to protect the interests of the Gov- 
 ernment. He asked for nothing more than he was will- 
 ing to concede to others, and he was of a most genial 
 nature, companionable, and lovable. 
 
 Well do I remember that upon one occasion he secured 
 an authorization for a site and building in a town in his 
 own beloved State. Shortly after, at another meeting of 
 the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds, he 
 called its attention to the fact that he had made investi- 
 gation in reference to the matter and was very sorry to 
 
 ri91 
 
Mk.mohiai. Addiucssks : Senafok Ci.a'i 
 
 say that he found that lie had been misinformed and 
 misled as to the needs of such a building, and stated that 
 it was Ills purpose, if opportunity ofTered, to I'ectify as 
 far as possible the wrong which would be done the 
 Government should such a building be erected. That, 
 to me, bespoke the man's true character. His presence 
 and efforts on the connnittee were most helpful to me, 
 and 1 am siu'e I voice the sentiment of my colleagues 
 when 1 say that it was most pleasant and beneficial to 
 have him as one of its members. 
 
 Senator Cl.xy's voice will never again be heard in this 
 Chamber; but his influence, written in " memory's halls," 
 will be felt not only in this generation, but for genera- 
 tions to come, as his record will be one of the beacon 
 lights for others who shall follow. 
 
 We mourn liis loss, but are thankful for his great 
 qualities of character and for the uplifting influences of 
 his life. For — 
 
 What is our duty liere? To tend 
 
 From good to better — thence to best; 
 Grateful to drink life's cup — then bend 
 
 Unmurmuring to our bed of rest; 
 To pluck the flowers that round us bloom, 
 
 Scattering our fragrance as we go. 
 And so to live, that when the sun 
 
 Of our existence sinks in night, 
 Memorials sweet of mercies done 
 
 May shine our names in memory's light. 
 And the blest seeds we scattered bloom 
 
 A hundredfold in days to come. 
 
 [20] 
 
Address of Mk. Tai.i.mdrro, of Fi.ohida 
 
 Mr. President: My personal acquainlance with Sen- 
 ator Clay began on my coming here as a Member of this 
 body nearly 12 years ago. I knew him, of course, as 
 one of the group of great and patriotic men of which his 
 State may be justly proud, but to appreciate his full 
 worth, the uprightness of his character, the thorough 
 justness of his nature, the cleanness of his life, and his 
 devotion to duty one had to know him tlirough close 
 and intimate association. 
 
 We here, Mr. President, so knew him, and for my 
 part I can scarcely recall ever having met a more con- 
 scientious or faithful man. He was faithful in his 
 frientiships, in his duty, and loyal to the principles in 
 which he believed. All of his career, from his boyhood 
 days to the end of his life, fully sustains this estimate of 
 his character. He was an earnest and faithful student of 
 school and college, earnest and faithful in his work of 
 teaching to provide means to complete his education, 
 earnest, honest, and faithful to the peojjle in all of the 
 positions to wiiich tiiey called him, and deserving of his 
 steady advancement from tlie city coimcil of his home 
 town through the assembly and senate of his State to a 
 seat in this Senate, whose wisdom and moderation in 
 its relations to the complex problems of peace and war 
 have won for it the name of the greatest deliberative 
 body of the world. 
 
 He regarded the position of Senator as no light or 
 trivial honor. He esteemed it the highest in the gift of 
 his State. He knew its responsibilities and appreciated 
 
Memuiual .\i)iini;ssi;.s: Senatoh (Li.ay 
 
 its dignity; and he gave in return a zeal and devotion 
 worthy of our finest and best traditions. 
 
 Nor can less be said of his private life. He was a 
 devoted husband, a patient, indulgent, and affectionate 
 father, and an exemplary citizen, who enjoyed and de- 
 served the love and esteem of his friends and neighbors. 
 
 I was a member of the Senate committee which at- 
 tended his funeral at his Georgia home; and, while the 
 duty was a sad one, there was nevertheless a sense of 
 comfort in being able to show to his memory some small 
 measure of the respect and affection in which I held him 
 as a man. And it was a gratification to see from the 
 vast concourse of people embracing every walk in life — 
 old and young, rich and poor, white and black — assem- 
 bled from all the surrounding country to do honor to 
 his memory, that our high estimate of his character was 
 borne out at his own home; for there, where they knew 
 him best, they loved him most. The signs of sorrow in 
 their faces, the touching eulogies, the wealth of flowers, 
 all eloquently testified that a good man, an upright citi- 
 zen, and a faithful friend had passed away. 
 
 I know of no duty here which Senator Clay shirked 
 or performed in a half-hearted way. Diligent and faith- 
 ful in all things, he was unwilling to concede to himself 
 even that measure of rest which the preservation of his 
 health demanded. He had pronounced views on the 
 principles of government, and hesitated at no sacrifice 
 of time or thought to make clear and plain to others the 
 truth as he saw it. 
 
 In the tarifl" session of 1909 Senator Clay was a close 
 listener to all the discussions and a deep student of the 
 many problems involved. He took part in the debates 
 with ability, eloquence, and force. He was a dependable 
 contestant on the Democratic side and a wise and ex- 
 perienced legislator and counselor. 
 
 [22] 
 
Adim(i;ss or Mi\. Tai.im khro, or Fi.ohida 
 
 1 bciit'vo that tlio arduous work ol' that session under- 
 niinod his health and led ultimately to his death; and so 
 it may be said, I think, that he sacrificed his life to his 
 high sense of duty. 
 
 Some of the religions of the Far East, Mr. President, 
 teach their followers that the slaying of enemies in battle 
 is one of the highest duties of the faithful and surely to be 
 rewarded by a place in Paradise. They therefore invite 
 death with a courage so matchless as to startle the world. 
 
 The purpose of our Government, Mr. President, is not 
 to kill or to destroy, but to establish justice, insure tran- 
 quillity, promote the general welfare, and to secure the 
 blessings of liberty to ourselves and our postei'ity. 
 
 It is not founded upon the Constitution and the Decla- 
 ration of Independence alone, for they are but parts of 
 a fabric which rests upon that deeper and more enduring 
 foundation, the teachings of the Prince of Peace — peace 
 on earth and good will toward men. 
 
 In the many problems which come before us we seem 
 at times to forget this true purpose and to wander into 
 devious ways, but if the tangled thread be traced to the 
 end it will be found to lead unerringly to that high pur- 
 pose of the fathers to establish on this soil a government 
 so sound in principle as to endure throughout the ages. 
 The aim of good government is, as Senator Clay realized, 
 peace and good will and happiness for all. He recog- 
 nized that there is no higher science than the science of 
 government, and knew fully the importance of study 
 and thought — tlie light of wisdom — to illumine the work 
 of legislation. 
 
 He had a profound consciousness of the responsibilities 
 of those who make laws for tiieir fellow men; and the 
 manner of his life and death shows that he regarded no 
 sacrifice too great to make and no penalty too heavy to 
 pay in such a cause. 
 
 [23] 
 
Mi;.M()iii.\L Ai)i)iu;ssi:s: Sknatoh Ci.ay 
 
 And so, when we review his career, its zeal and faith- 
 fulness, and analyze his conceptions of the high and 
 sacred purposes ot government, we must how our heads 
 in approval and say to ourselves and among ourselves 
 that here, too, was a soldier who died in battle. Not in 
 battle to kill and destroy, but to insure to mankind for- 
 ever the inestimable blessings of peace and Iiappiness. 
 
 [24] 
 
Address of Mr. Tii.i.man, of South Carolina 
 
 Mr. Prksidfm: 1 have not Uic sliriigtli — I do not feel 
 able to say niiitli on this occasion. It is a sad one for all 
 of us, and peculiarly sad to ine, lor since 1 was borne 
 from this city last Marcii, to all intents and purposes, and 
 tlie expectations of myself and my friends, a dead man, 
 or one who would never return, and then find that I am 
 here still, I feel the transitory nature of human life. We 
 are as shadows who pursue one another, and soon thei'c 
 is an end. 
 
 Tlu' paths of Midrv lend but to the grave. 
 
 Tlie high places we have aciiieved here are but a step 
 to the last resting place. All this 1 feel very deeply. 
 But I would be unjust — recreant to myself — if I did not 
 try to put a flower on each of these newly made graves. 
 
 Since I went away, death has cut a wide swath in the 
 Senate. Six of our fellows have taken tliat journey — 
 
 From whose bourn no traveler returns. 
 
 I feel death is even now peeping at us around this 
 Chamber somewhere and selecting the next to summon. 
 
 I loved these two men. They were worthy of my love. 
 They were w-orthy of the admiration tliat we all felt for 
 them. No two Senators who have ever been here have 
 been more faithful to duty or endeavored more thor- 
 oughly and completely to discharge it as they understood 
 it. 1 say that not because I want to pay them a compli- 
 ment. Such is not my piu'pose. I simply want to tell 
 the truth. 
 
 [251 
 
Mi;moi;iai. Ai)I)iu;ssi:s : Senaior Clay 
 
 Dollivcr, as we all called him, was a great man. Great 
 men are plentilul in this country, but not as great as 
 Dolliver. Good men are plentiful in this country, but 
 not as good as Clay. They both have left us and we 
 know not how soon our own time may come. I feel that 
 with especial force. But — but, I can not go on, Mr. Presi- 
 dent. I have thoughts, but tiie words will not come. 
 So I will sit down. 
 
 [26] 
 
Address of Mr. Lodge, of Massachusetts 
 
 Mr. President: My acquaintance, wliich soon grew into 
 friendship, began witli Senator Clay when he entered 
 the Senate. We formed a standing pair which con- 
 tinued unbroken throughout his service. This brouglit 
 us gradually into a close relation, and I came to know 
 him well. Increased knowledge brought increased 
 friendship and respect, which is not always the case. 
 He was eminently a lovable man. His simplicity of 
 nature, the directness of his outlook upon men and upon 
 life, his straightforward ways, his kindness and sympathy 
 all grew upon one, were all qualities that appealed alike 
 to one's affection and respect. He had fought his way 
 up in the world and attained to the highest positions by 
 hard work and by the strong, simple qualities of both 
 mind and character. But he had none of the aggressive 
 vanity which too often accompanies such a career and 
 such achievements. Because he had learned something 
 for himself he did not at once conclude that it was un- 
 known until it had appeared above his own horizon. 
 Because in the ocean of human thought he discovered an 
 island, he did not immediately decide that it had never 
 before been trodden by man. He was wholly free from 
 that consuming egotism which is of such a qualitj' that it 
 can permit nothing but its possessor to be seen or heard. 
 This, in a roundabout way, is saying that Senator Clay 
 was as modest as he was simple and as unpretentious as 
 he was straightforward. 
 
 I have thus spoken of him as a friend, of the qualities 
 which made him a friend to be desired and loved, all 
 
 [271 
 
.MioMoiiiAi. Ai)i)iu:ssi;.s : Sicnatok Ci.ay 
 
 too iiisulliciciilly I well know, l)ut Hint is tin- lliout<ht 
 which is uppcnnost in my iniiul. 1 must think fust, wlien 
 I come to speak of him here, as the friend I have lost. 
 
 It would be most unsatisfying, however, to stop there. 
 Others, better instructed than I, will give here the record 
 of his early life, of his labors and success, and of his 
 steady progress to distinction and to fields of large use- 
 fuhicss. But I can not close without a word as to his 
 public service as I saw it here from day to day and year 
 to year. Senator Clay was a good Senator, a good and 
 an able legislator. He was diligent and thorough, and 
 was especially industrious in that unadvertised but essen- 
 tial task, tlic work of committees, \\ here laws and policies 
 are shaped and where the glaring and deceptive head- 
 line rarely penetrates. He was equally diligent and 
 painstaking on the floor. Better than anyone else, per- 
 haps, can I bear witness to his faithful attendance, to his 
 rare absence from a vote. He came well prepared to 
 debate and knew and understood the subjects he dis- 
 cussed, but although he took a due share in all discus- 
 sions, he wasted no time and never sought to utter words 
 merely for the pleasure of utterance. He was not a time 
 waster and was impatient of that pleasing occupation 
 when indulged in by others. He was a high-minded, 
 honorable man, a faitiiful public servant, an honor alike 
 to the State which sent him and to the Senate of the 
 United States. He bore his ill health and its trials with 
 great patience and courage and kept at his work with 
 conscientious fidelity under great dilFiculties. His dealli 
 left a gap here not easily to be filled, but to his friends 
 will always remain a sense of abiding loss, for he com- 
 manded not only public confidence, but the aflection of 
 all who knew him well. 
 
 [281 
 
Address of Mr. Overman, of North Carolina 
 
 Mr. President: For Sonator Clay I cMitcrtainod a roal 
 afl'ection. For him as a StMiator I had great respect, and 
 I would be untrue to myself if I did not add to what 
 has been already so beautifully and justly said, a simple 
 and modest tribute to his memory. 
 
 The great State of Georgia has furnished to the coun- 
 trj' a long list of great men who have been distinguished 
 at the bar, in the pulpit, and in statesmanship, some of 
 whom have gained renown in the Halls of Congress. 
 
 She may have had greater orators, for I doubt if any 
 State ever produced such thrilling orators as Bishop 
 George F. Pierce and Benjamin H. Hill. She may have 
 had some greater statesmen, for few States have fur- 
 nished greater statesmen than William H. Crawford, 
 Robert Toombs, and Alexander H. Stephens, who in 
 statecraft had few superiors. But Georgia has never had 
 a more faithful representative to serve her in this body; 
 her people have had no more loyal, devoted public serv- 
 ant or one who did more for his State than Alexander 
 Stephens Clay. 
 
 He first saw the ligiit upon a farm in the beautiful and 
 fertile Piedmont section of Georgia, 
 
 Where the heart of nature 
 Beats strong amid her liills. 
 
 There, as Burns said of the poetic genius of Scotland, 
 the guardian fate of his native State — 
 
 Found him at the plow and threw lier inspiring mantle over 
 him. 
 
 [291 
 
Mf^iohiai. Addhksses : Senatok Ci.w 
 
 From young manhood to that scene which was his 
 latest he could always ho found in the path of dutj' and 
 honor. He grew up in the country, among the plain peo- 
 ple. He was one of them. He had their confidence to a 
 marked degree, and they had his love; and their interests 
 he ah\'ays had at heart. From the hour he entered puh- 
 lic life his State heaped honors upon him, refusing not 
 even the highest and rarest in her gift, until, while yet in 
 his young manhood, they elevated him to a seat in this 
 body. Three times he was elected to represent his State 
 in the Senate of the United States — twice elected without 
 opposition — and at the time of his sad taking-otf' he was 
 serving the middle of his third term. Almost to the veiy 
 last, while disease and almost the hand of death was 
 upon him, he remained here at his post of duty, unmind- 
 ful and heedless of the advice and urgent appeals of his 
 friends and colleagues to desist from work and go away 
 for rest. 
 
 He will be remembered here as one of the most indus- 
 trious and painstaking Members of this body — always in 
 his seat and readj' to debate any question which would 
 arise; and he never spoke but what he shed light and 
 information upon the subject under consideration. He 
 had an exalted conception of duty and superb courage 
 to do it. Nothing could swerve him from doing that 
 which he conceived was for the best interest of the peo- 
 ple of his native State and the countn*. 
 
 In all the relations of life Senator Clay was a good 
 man, a loving husband, a kinti and indulgent father, a 
 devoted son to his old father and mother, who still sur- 
 vive him; a loyal friend, he was faithful, gentle and kind, 
 modest but bold, generous but brave. He was a Chris- 
 tian gentleman, worshiped by his family, loved by his 
 people, admired by Iiis colleagues, and the pride of his 
 State. 
 
 [30] 
 
Adokkss oi Mh. Overman, or Noicni Caholina 
 
 Mr. President, within the short time of 12 months death 
 has invaded our midst and cast its dark chilling shadow 
 over this Chamber, and six of our colleagues have been 
 borne away by the mysterious rider upon the pale horse 
 info the great beyond — a journey which the humble and 
 the great, the rich and the poor, and we, too, all alike, 
 some day must take. We are continually brought face 
 to face with the great mysterj'. Evcrj- day some friend 
 departs, and fewer and fewer our band of friends be- 
 come. And we are reminded that — 
 
 There is no union here of hearts 
 That finds not here an end. 
 
 Senator Clay was a firm believer in the Christian 
 religion. He had great faith in the immortalitj' of the 
 soul. With him it was not death to die. He was a regu- 
 lar attendant upon the worship of God. I have often met 
 him on the Sabbath day wending his way to church to 
 spend an hour in worship. His life duty done, laying 
 aside the sorrows and troubles which infest this fitful 
 life of ours, while the full orb of his being was slowly 
 sinking to its setting calmly until the lengthening shadows 
 of the sun sent his spirit beyond the shore, but — 
 
 When the gorgeous sun illumined the eastern skies, 
 He passed through glory's morning gate, 
 .\nd walked in Paradise. 
 
 The realm of death seems an enemy's country to most men, on 
 whose shores they are loathly driven by stress of weather; to 
 the wise man it is the desired port where he moors his bark 
 gladly, as in some quiet haven of the Fortunate Isles; it is the 
 golden west into which his sun sinks, and sinking, casts back 
 a glory upon the leaden cloud-track which had darkly besieged 
 his dav. 
 
 [31] 
 
Mkm()[(iai, Ai)I)Ui;ssi;s : Si;n aioh C.i.av 
 
 Mr. President, tlicsc are not idle ceremonies, (jood 
 men live not in vain. We do well to arouse the aspira- 
 tion of the rising generation by telling of those who 
 served the people faithfully and well, by telling the simple 
 and beautiful story of a life well spent, trials and diffi- 
 culties overcome, the days and nights of toil and struggle, 
 and at last the victory won, the Christian life, the living 
 faith, the hope of better life in the great beyond. 
 
 A great, good man has gone forever. His memoiy will 
 be enshi'ined in our hearts and bring encouragement to 
 all who aspire to leadership, who love their country and 
 would serve their fellow citizens. 
 
 Let us indulge the hope that when our friend crossed 
 the dark river he awoke rejoicing to rest " in that home 
 of the soul " which " I fancy but thinly the veil intervenes 
 between that fair city and me." 
 
 Beyond the flight of tiiiio, 
 
 Beyond this vale of death. 
 There surely is some blessed clime 
 
 Where life is not a breath. 
 
 [32] 
 
Address of Mr. Carter, of Montana 
 
 Mr. President: During this session of Congress the 
 Senate has been called upon to suspend its ordinarj- 
 legislative work to an unusual extent to pay tributes of 
 respect to tlie memory of deceased Senators. The hand 
 of death has fallen heavily upon the Senate during the 
 Sixty-first Congress. 
 
 This day is devoted to tlie niemorj' of two former 
 Members, who were verj' near and verj' dear to their 
 colleagues — Senator Clay, of Georgia, and Senator Dol- 
 liver, of Iowa. Words of commendation spoken for one 
 might well be applied to both of these distinguished men. 
 
 My committee relations were such as to bring me into 
 intimate association witli Senator Clay, and I embrace 
 the sad privilege of bearing witness to his blameless life, 
 his splendid ability, and his tireless devotion to duty. 
 For more than 10 years we served together on the Com- 
 mittee on Post Otlices and Post Roads, and for 5 years of 
 tliat time we were associated as members of a joint com- 
 mittee of the two Houses charged with the investigation 
 of alleged abuses of the second-class mail privilege and 
 the proposed reorganization of the Post Office Depart- 
 ment and the postal service. That joint committee con- 
 sisted of Senators Penrose, Clay, and Carter on tlie part 
 of the Senate, and Representatives Overstrcet, Gardner 
 (of New Jersey), and Moon (of Tennessee) on the part 
 of the House. 
 
 The task assigned was extremely dillicult and the labor 
 involved correspondingly great. All Senators witnessed 
 
 95298°— 11 3 [33] 
 
Mkmohial Addhessks : Senator Clay 
 
 tlie close attention and the viligant watchfulness of Sen- 
 ator Clay in tiiis Chaniher, but it was given to the mem- 
 bers of the Post Ollice Committee and the joint committee 
 of the two Houses to observe the painstaking care and 
 singular devotion of the Senator in dealing with facts, 
 figures, and details of which the public at large have little 
 or no knowledge. 
 
 The serious work of our legislative body is performed 
 by its committees, and this is notably true of the United 
 States Senate; and, in turn, the actual work on each com- 
 mittee is performed by a minority of its members, the 
 majority dealing, as a rule, only with the general prin- 
 ciples involved. In the last analysis it falls to the lot of 
 one, two, or three members of a committee to take special 
 charge of important measures, to master the details, ap- 
 prove the phraseology, and determine the constitution- 
 ality of the measure before reporting it to the full com- 
 mitttec and ultimatelj^ to the Senate. 
 
 Alexander S. Clay' was one of those possessed of both 
 the ability and the inclination to perform this onerous 
 kind of service. Although tenacious of his own opin- 
 ions, he was always open-minded and tolerant in his 
 consideration of the views of others. Always firm but 
 never dogmatic, he was both helpful and accommodating. 
 Although adhering to his own views with sufTicicnt 
 strength to test the policy, the logic, and the wisdom of 
 the counter proposition, he was always prepared to ac- 
 cept the true and correct view when that view was clearly 
 developed. 
 
 Two large volumes stand as monuments to the labor 
 of the joint committee on postal rates and postal reor- 
 ganization, and to the niemorj' of our deceased col- 
 league must be placed a full measure of the credit for 
 all the committee did in preparing the way for a more 
 enlightened and efficient organization for the greatest 
 
 [341 
 
ADnitrss of Mr. Cahtiih, oi Montana 
 
 biisiiu'ss (lopartnu'iit coiiiu'clid willi ;iiiy tJovcnumiil in 
 the world. 
 
 Senator Cl.^y died a victim to what may well be termed 
 a mistaken sense of duty. It was apparent to his col- 
 leagues in the Chamber lliat lie had overtaxed his 
 strengtii and was jeopardizing his life by refusal to leave 
 the post of duty for needed rest. Time and again I urged 
 him to withdraw from this field of exacting labor, to re- 
 pair to some place where he could secure needed rest and 
 exemption from the burdensome duties of his great oiVice. 
 He realized the peril, but in tones of touching resignation 
 he said, " I know that I should not he here, but I can not 
 leave my post." 
 
 I have no doubt that he would be alive to-day had he 
 not continued in the Senate throughout the last session of 
 Congress. When the vacation came with the adjourn- 
 ment his overtaxed constitution had become so weakened 
 that recovery was impossible. 
 
 He repaired to his home in the State he loved and 
 served so well, and after lingering for a time, surrendered 
 his hovering powers of life to tlie final impulse. 
 
 Like the majority of Members of this body. Senator 
 Cl.w was a product of the farm. F"rom obscurity and 
 poverty he reached great distinction and high official 
 recognition at the hands of his countrj-men. In his death 
 the State of Georgia suffered a great loss and the Nation 
 at large was by that sad event deprived of the services of 
 a pure, high-minded, and efficient public servant. 
 
 To those near and dear to our departed colleague we 
 can give little in the way of consolation, nor is it neces- 
 sary to attempt to console by mere words of mouth, for 
 by an honorable career and through duty well and faith- 
 fully performed in every relation of life, Alexander S. 
 Clay left to his countrymen and to his family not only 
 consolation, but cause for rejoicing. 
 
 [35] 
 
Address of Mr. Bailey, of Texas 
 
 Mr. President: In my time I have known and loved 
 many true and noble men, hut I never knew and I never 
 loved a truer or a nobler man than the late Senator 
 Clay. He was one of those perfect characters that 
 grow on us day after day and shame us for our own 
 imperfections. 
 
 It was my privilege, sir, during the last years of his 
 service here to sit by his side, and I came to know him 
 almost as a brother. I saw the workings of his mind 
 and I saw him always striving and eager to know and to 
 do the right. During all of my intimate association with 
 him I can say of him what 1 would deem a sutVicient 
 epitaph for my most partial friend to write of me when 
 I am gone, and that is, he never acted and he never 
 spoke an unworthy deed or thought. 
 
 He was not great in the sense in which some men use 
 that word, but he was great according to the best sense 
 in which it can be used, because true greatness in this 
 world consists in always being right, and not one amongst 
 us here erred so seldom as did that splendid man. 
 
 When 1 was younger I thoiigiit men were only great 
 when God had given tliem such power of speech that 
 they could move the multitude to tears and shouts, but, 
 sir, I have lived long enongh to change my mind. So 
 often have I seen men gifted with great eloquence speak 
 as if thej' were inspired, and ere the echo of their voices 
 had died away, and while the music of their voices was 
 still enthralling the audience, I have seen them cast some 
 very foolish vote. 
 
 [36] 
 
AnDKESs (»i Mit. Hmi.ky, oi Tuxas 
 
 And so I havi- concluditl thai the really great man 
 in this world is not the one who stirs our souls to their 
 proloundest depths, but he is the one who teaches us to 
 do what is right; and sucli a man was Senator Clay. 
 Responsive always, here and everywhere, to calls lor 
 sympathy, he was i-esponsive more to justice. He under- 
 stood the distinction, which all public men should cherish, 
 between the privilege of a nuin to do benevolence and 
 the duty of a Senator to do justice. His hand was " open 
 as day to melting charity" with what belonged to him, 
 but when he came to api)ropriati()ns from the Public 
 Treasury he set his face like tlint against the waste of 
 the people's money. 
 
 No man of any generation better tleserved the tribute 
 which Blaine paid to the soutiiern statesmen of tlie time 
 before the war, when he said that tliey were liberal and 
 even lavish ^^■ith the money which was their own, but 
 they regarded the public money as a trust fund and 
 spent it only for the Government's necessities. 
 
 He was a plain man, too, in the sense that eveiy honest 
 man beneath the flag of this Republic could approach 
 him and petition him for justice. No fonnalities, even 
 in tins high station, ever removed him from the people 
 whose commission he bore, and I have seen the pages 
 bring him cards when he was engrossed with some ques- 
 tion before the Senate, but whenever there was the name 
 of a Georgian written on it he always answered it in 
 person. Promptly and cheerfully, no matter how much 
 he was occupied, he answered the call of every man or 
 woman who came to the Capitol of tiiis Republic from 
 the State which had honored liini witii a scat in this 
 great assembly. 
 
 He was a demagogue, sir, in the older and better sense 
 of that word, which implied that he was a leader of the 
 people against class and privilege; but he was anything 
 
 [37] 
 
Mi;m()iual Addhksses : Senatok Clay 
 
 but a demagogue in the modern sense, which means that 
 a man follows rather than leads the people. 
 
 He believed as earnestly as man ever believed before 
 him, and as man will ever believe after him, in the intel- 
 ligence and in the patriotism of the American people, 
 and he never feared to trust their sober judgment for 
 his vindication when he believed that he was right. If 
 he had one shortcoming as a public man it was his in- 
 tense anxiety always to be right. I have seen him worrj' 
 even when his fatal illness was on him, and one day I 
 said to him, "My friend, you are killing yourself not 
 only with work — I doubt if that ever killed any man — 
 but you are killing yourself with work and worry." 
 " Well," he said — and he said it with the simplicity 
 of a child — " I am always afraid that upon these great 
 questions I may give a vote that in the years to come 
 will work an infinite injury' to my people and to my 
 country." 
 
 Mr. President, it was dithcult to chide a sublime con- 
 secration to the public service like that, and I could 
 make no answer to him. He not only professed this 
 fear of being wrong, but he lived it, and I saw him 
 work until he fell a sacrifice, as the Senator from Mon- 
 tana has so well said, to his all-controlling sense of duty. 
 Perhaps, after all, that is the most glorious death that 
 can come to men. The soldier on the field of battle, 
 meeting his death in a furious charge, deserves no 
 credit, for, stimulated by the strains of martial music 
 and under that strange spell woven around them by the 
 cannon's roar, men feel no danger and fear no death. 
 But here in civil life, with nothing to stir his blood or 
 move his passions, he is brave beyond all description 
 wiio unllinchingly looks death in the face and refuses to 
 flee its presence. 
 
 [381 
 
Address or Mr. Bailey, of Texas 
 
 Mr. President, many have fallen from these high seats 
 into an honored grave; many have left behind them 
 friends to mourn and fame to live; but amongst all who 
 have gone before us not one went to a more certain 
 reward than Alexander Stephens Clay, for if he had one 
 faith suhlimer tlian his confidence in his countrymen it 
 was his faith in (iod. He did not proclaim, as so many 
 men of less sterling virtues have done, his belief in a state 
 to come. He did not stand upon the corners, as the pub- 
 licans of old, inviting those who pass to applaud his 
 righteousness. But, sir, he died believing in God and 
 in the Scriptures, and, like all others who have so died, 
 he shall live again. 
 
 Mr. Bacon. I desire to state that my colleague [Mr. 
 Terrell] was to have taken part in these exercises to 
 pay a tribute to the memory of the late Senator Clay, 
 but he is necessarily deprived of that opportunity by 
 his personal illness, which has detained him from the 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Young. Mr. President, as a further mark of respect 
 to the memory of Mr. Clay and Mr. Dolliver, I move that 
 the Senate do now adjourn. 
 
 The motion was unanimously agreed to, and (at 6 
 o'clock p. ni.) the Senate adjourned until Monday, Feb- 
 ruary' 20, 1911, at 11 o'clock a. m. 
 
 r391 
 
Proceedings in the House 
 
 Monday, December 5, 1910. 
 
 Mr. Bartlett of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I offer the fol- 
 lowing resolutions, whidi I send to the Clerk's desk. 
 
 The Speaker. Tiie gentleman from Georgia offers the 
 following resolutions, which the Clerk will report. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of 
 the death of Hon. Alexander Stephens Clay, late a Senator of 
 the I'nited States from tlie Stale of Georgia. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk eommunicate these resolutions to the 
 Senate, and transmit a copy thereof to the family of the deceased. 
 
 The resolutions were agreed to. 
 
 January 24, 1911. 
 
 Mr. Lee arose. 
 
 The Speaker. For what purpose does the gentleman 
 rise? 
 
 Mr. Lee. To ask unanimous consent to present an order. 
 
 The Speaker. Without ohjection, the gentleman will 
 present for the consideration of the House the following 
 order, which the Clerk will read. 
 
 There was no objection. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Ordered, That there be a session of the House at 12 o'clock noon 
 Sunday, February 19, 1911, for the delivery of eulogies on the 
 life, character, and public services of the Hon. Alexander 
 Stephens Clay, late a Senator from the State of Georgia. 
 
 The question was taken, and the order was agreed to. 
 
 [41] 
 
Mk.morial Addrfsses : Senator Clay 
 
 February 19, 1911. 
 
 The Speaker. The House will be in order. The Chap- 
 lain will offer prayer. 
 
 The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Coiiden, D. D., offered 
 the following prayer : 
 
 Eternal God, our heavenly Father, we tnank Thee for 
 that moral sense down deep in the hearts of men which 
 inspires admiration and praise for those who have ren- 
 dered faithful and ellicient service for the public weal 
 and promises the final triumph of good over evil. We 
 are here to leave on the pages of historv' the record of 
 two such men. It is well, since the work of the faithful 
 points the way for those who shall come after them, and 
 we bless Thee that the human heart refuses to believe 
 " that the soul which breathes through the intellect wis- 
 dom, through the will virtue, through the affections love," 
 passes with the death of the body " into nothingness and 
 darkness forever." 
 
 Grant that those who were bound to the departed by 
 the ties of kinship and love may cherish their memorj' 
 and look forward with imperishable hope to an immortal 
 realm where they shall dwell with them forever. And 
 Thine be the praise through Jesus Christ our Lord. 
 Amen. 
 
 The Speaker. Under the order the Chair in execution 
 of the same will recognize the gentleman from Georgia 
 [Mr. Livingston]. 
 
 Mr, Livingston. Mr. Speaker, 1 offer the resolutions 
 which I send to the Clerk's desk. 
 
 [42J 
 
PROCEEOINtiS IX THE Hul SE 
 
 Tlie Speakek. Tlu- gt-iilk'niaii from Cunjigia oftors the 
 following resolutions, which tlie Clerk will report. 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Kesolucil, That llie business of the House be now suspended 
 that opportunity may be given for tribute to the memory of Hon. 
 Alexander S. Clay, late a Member of the Senate from the State 
 of Georgia. 
 
 Resolved, That llie next aiijournment shall be considered a par- 
 ticular mark of respect to the memory of the deceased. 
 
 liesolved, That the Clerk comnuinicate these resolutions to the 
 Senate. 
 
 Resolved. That tlie Clerk send a copy of these resolutions to the 
 family of the deceased. 
 
 The question was taken, and the resolutions were 
 unanimously agreed to. 
 
 The Speaker. The gentleman from Georgia [Mr. Liv- 
 ingston] will take the chair. 
 
 [43] 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 Address of Mr. Hardwick, of Georgia 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Alexander Steimiens Clay, late a Senator 
 of the United States from tlie State of Georgia, was one 
 of the State's most universally respected and best loved 
 sons. 
 
 I do not believe 1 overstate the facts when I say I know 
 of no Georgian, alive or dead, at this or any period of the 
 history of the State, who was nione universally loved in 
 life or more deeply mourned in death. 
 
 The people of Georgia loved Senator Clay because he 
 loved them. They were true to him because he was 
 alwajs true to them. They "delighted to do him honor" 
 because they knew that in doing so they honored them- 
 selves. 
 
 There were many men in public life who at times made 
 a more brilliant siiowing than our late Senator; there 
 were others who seemed better fashioned " the applause 
 of listening senates to command," who dazzled the imagi- 
 nation and filled the public eye to a greater extent than 
 he, but in capacity for hard, useful, fruitful work, for 
 constant, continuous, and unremitting toil, in devotion to 
 duty and fidelity to the interests of the masses of the 
 American people no public man of his time was his 
 superior, few his equal. 
 
 Senator Clay had, magnificently developed, at least 
 three striking attributes of character without which no 
 
 [441 
 
.\i)i)Hi:ss oi-- Mh. IIaudwkk, oi (iKoiuiiA 
 
 man can hv rockoncd cither really great or truly good; 
 without ^\hich the words of the most brilliant and accom- 
 plished t)rat()r arc "mere sound and fury, signifying 
 nothing;"' without which there can he no solidity or 
 permanence of achievement in any walk of life, public 
 or private. 
 
 First. Our late friend was as modest and imassuming 
 as a gentle and refined woman. He liad none of the 
 pomp and pride of place and station about him. He was 
 one of the most natural and the least egotistical gentle- 
 men it has ever been my good fortune to know. He had 
 absolutely 710 false pride either of opinion or of author- 
 ship, and was always ready to accept the proposition of 
 another whenever that projjosition seemed wiser and bet- 
 ter than his own. Any legislator who broadens out this 
 much and reaches this stage of mental development has 
 become possessed of at least one of the real elements of 
 intrinsic greatness and usefulness in legislative service. 
 
 Second. Senator Cl.\y had the most practical, if not the 
 only, form of real genius — capacity for hard work and 
 the willingness to tlo it. 
 
 Third. He had a great, unselfish, human heart in his 
 breast; a heart full of deep sympathy for the troubles of 
 others and keenly responsive to the wail of human suffer- 
 ing whenever and wherever heard and however weak its 
 whisj)er; a heart full of charity, even toward those " who 
 despitefuUy used him," and ovcrtlowing with love and 
 good will to all men. 
 
 Coupled with these admirable qualities of heart, he 
 possessed hardly less admirable qualities of head. While 
 he never posed and never sought to make a show, he was 
 a man of splendid poise, of excellent common sense, and 
 of solid attainments. He was a hard student, particu- 
 larly in the latter years of his life, when I knew him best 
 and was most intimatelv associated with him, and he had 
 
 [45] 
 
Mlmohiai, Adorkssks: Shnatok Ci.ai 
 
 an extensive range of that most useful knowledge tliat is 
 not learned from books or taught in tlie schools, but 
 comes from actual knowledge of men and practical ac- 
 quaintance with affairs. No man's education is complete 
 without this post-graduate degree from the great univer- 
 sity of life that had conferred its highest degree on our 
 late Senator. Withal, he was a careful thinker, a close 
 and accurate reasoner, and possessed of at least one other 
 striking hall-mark of greatness — he was not only person- 
 ally and politically honest, but he was also intellectually 
 honest to the core. 
 
 From poverty and through adversity he came, working 
 his way upward in genial, friendly, and admirable fash- 
 ion. Living and working in the clear light and bright 
 sunshine of the Almighty, both his heart and life were 
 filled with that light and sunshine. Fidelity to duty, both 
 in public life and private station, was the watchword of 
 his career. As son, as husband, as father, and as friend 
 he was incomparable and unimpeachable. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, this man's simple, honest, up-hill life; his 
 steady and unbroken ascent to high place; his absolute 
 fidelity to the interests of the people who knew him, 
 loved him, and trusted him; his remarkable capacity for 
 making and holding friends; his capacity for hard work 
 and his willingness to do it; his long, honorable, and use- 
 ful career both in Georgia and in the Senate of the United 
 States; his untimely death, hastened without doubt by 
 his firm refusal to leave his post of duty at the last session 
 of this Congress to recuperate his failing health; his bier, 
 covered with the beautiful flowers that attested the love 
 of a great people, and wet with the tears that were elo- 
 quent of their grief, all make up a lesson I can never 
 forget — a lesson that every American youth ought to 
 learn — a lesson of high purpose and consecrated devotion 
 to duty. As I pass in swift mental review over the life 
 
 [46] 
 
Ai)i)Ktss 01 Mr. Hahdwick, of Georgia 
 
 and carc'iT of my dtar, dead Irioiui, 1 sec liini a struggling 
 youtli, of poor but honest parentage; born with no silver 
 spoon in his mouth, hut with a God-given determina- 
 tion in his heart to make something of himself and to be 
 of service to his fellows; I can see him struggling through 
 as much schooling and as careful preparation for the 
 practice of law as his scanty self-earned means would per- 
 mit; I can see him as a struggling young lawyer facing his 
 older and more experienced brethren at the bar with that 
 innate modesty and diHidence tiiat was ever one of his 
 chiefest charms, hut witii final and deserved success. 
 
 I can see him when he first came to our legislature, at 
 an early age, as the representative of his dearly loved 
 county of Cobb; I can see his influence and power as a 
 member of the legislature broadening and growing as 
 his genial, open nature won him friends and as his strong 
 and trustworthy character grew upon his associates and 
 the public. I can see him soon elevated to the speaker- 
 ship of the house of representatives of our general assem- 
 bly. I see him soon transferred, by the vote of his own 
 loving people, who never denied him aught or gave him 
 grudgingly, from the lower to the upper house, there to 
 retain his preeminence as president of the senate. I next 
 see him State chairman of the Democratic Party of 
 Georgia, leading its hosts with gallantrv', dash, and 
 splendid success in the only real part>' contest the State 
 has known since the days of reconstruction. I can see 
 him reaping at an early age the highest political reward 
 his State and party could bestow, when in 1896 he became 
 I'nited States Senator from Georgia. I can see him as he 
 stands before the legislature that has honored him, the 
 cynosure of every eye, honored and beloved of the peo- 
 ple; and I can hear his voice ring out in modest protest 
 that he doubts his ability to worthily wear the high honor 
 his friends have given him, but in earnest promise to 
 
 [47] 
 
Mkmohim. AimKESSEs: Sknatok Ci.av 
 
 dedicate liimsell" to duty and to unremitting toil for the 
 people — a diflidcnce that the event has shown to be en- 
 tirely unfounded, and yet one that did credit to his heart 
 and character, and a promise that he religiously kept 
 through all the remainder of his days. 
 
 I see him, a Senator of the United States, wearing 
 worthily the honor and maintaining without effort tlie 
 dignity of liis otlice, and yet remaining plain, iionest. 
 unalfected, modest, genial "Steve" Clay to his friends 
 always; I see him unspoiled by place and as attentive to 
 the wishes of his humblest constituent as to those of his 
 mightiest; I see him winning tlie love of the entire Sen- 
 ate and of all the Members of this body who had the 
 good fortune to come in contact with his open, genial, 
 friendly, modest nature; I see him winning and retain- 
 ing the respect and high opinion of the Senate and the 
 country by his industrj' and his honesty, his fidelity to 
 duty and his sterling common sense, by his earnestness 
 and sincerity, and by his lack of all cant and pose. 
 
 I can see him during tlie very last span of his life in 
 Georgia, standing manfully and openly by his conception 
 of the State's honor and interest, without regard to or 
 fear of any possible consequences to himself. I can see 
 him, in this last political battle of his career, as broken 
 in health but unln'oken in spirit, he unfurled his battle 
 flag to Georgia's breezes and disdained to trim his sails 
 to catch what seemed to be the passing breeze; I can see 
 him when he was bright and clear of eye, robust in health, 
 and exuberant in spirits; and I can see him when the 
 fateful hand of disease ami suffering was laid heavily 
 upon him. 
 
 I can see liim as he stood in the historic Chamber of 
 the mightiest legi-slative body on earth, battling with all 
 the courage of an olden knight for the cause of the poor 
 and the oppressed, and I can see him at his fireside, the 
 
 [48] 
 
Address oi Mr. Hardwkk, oi- (Ikorc.ia 
 
 editor of a (k'voted family circle, the pride of aged 
 parents, the strong statT upon which leaned a loving and 
 devoted wife, the idol and companion of his children; I 
 can sec him when he was the very embodiment of life, 
 an intensely human, an altogether lovable figure, a man 
 with a host of devoted friends, with strong beliefs, with 
 earnest convictions, with unfaltering purpose, with un- 
 impeachable honesty; and I can see him as he lay cold 
 in death in his beloved Marietta home, surrounded by 
 his loved ones, mourned by his friends, lamented by a 
 great State and countrj', with his earthly work done, and 
 well done — an honest man gone home to meet his God 
 and to receive his reward. 
 
 His like we will not soon see again. Peace to his 
 ashes, honor to his memory. Fortunate, indeed, will 
 each of us be, if, when the final summons comes, the 
 friend who says the last words over our remains may 
 be able to truthfully pronounce the eulogy 1 now pro- 
 nounce over my dear friend — those who knew him best 
 loved him most. 
 
 [491 
 
Address of Mr. Burgess, of Texas 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Georgia has furnished many brilliant and 
 able men to the service of the Republic, but in my judg- 
 ment she has furnished no better man than he to whose 
 memory we now pay respect. 
 
 Alexander Stephens Clay did not serve in the House, 
 and only those Members who came in contact with him 
 knew the real worth of the man. I lived for some years 
 at the same hotel with him and knew him intimately, 
 and I respected him and loved him as perhaps I respect 
 and love no other citizen except in my own State. 
 
 I found him a faithful friend, a man whom anybody 
 could meet on equal terms, a man without guile, a man 
 without blemish, a man in the very best sense of the 
 term. As the speaker who has just preceded me has 
 said, if he had one distinguishing characteristic that made 
 him stand out above his fellow men, it was his loyalty 
 not only to his friends but to every consideration that 
 was impelled bj' conscience. 
 
 Loyalty to friends is a great and rare trait, but loyalty 
 to conscience rises above even lojalty to friends. He 
 was a man in whose bosom lurked not the shadow of a 
 lie. He knew nothing but the truth, and he worshiped 
 it all his days. Knowing him and loving him as I did, 
 it is not surprising to me that he was universally loved 
 in his own State. It could not be otherwise, because to 
 be thrown in contact with him was to love him; to know 
 him was to realize his worth. 
 
 He has gone, and hai)i)y will be the man of wliom, 
 when he comes to go, it can be said, as it is truthfully 
 
 [50] 
 
AnoKKss or Mr. Brm.Kss. oi 'I'kxas 
 
 said of Clay, he fought o good fight, ho finished his 
 course, he kept the faith, and henceforth there is laid 
 up for him a crown of righteousness in a better world. 
 
 Clay believed profoundly in God, and I am not 
 ashamed to proclaim in this presence my faith in God. 
 Looking out through the misty future, I hope to see the 
 day when I shall meet again with this friend who has 
 departed to a better world than this. 
 
 After all, life is but a breath. After all, life is but a 
 moment, and we are gone. Happy is the man of whom 
 it may be said that when his 
 
 Summons comes to join 
 The innumerable caravan which moves 
 To that mysterious realm where each shall take 
 His chamber in the silent halls of death, 
 Thou go not, like the quarry slave at night, 
 Scourged to his dungeon, but sustained and soothed 
 By an unfaltering trust, approach thy grave 
 Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch 
 About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. 
 
 He has gone. We call it death. Ah, Mr. Speaker, 
 there is no death. Beyond this life he lives, and his 
 life and the life of all such is a pledge of a future life 
 for all men. 
 
 [51] 
 
Address of Mr. Ru'itardson, or- xXi.ahama 
 
 Mr. Speaker: My acquaintance with Senator Clay com- 
 menced when I entered Congress in 1900. Our rooms at 
 the hotel adjoined each other, and our daily intercourse 
 was most intimate and continued so to the day of his 
 death. In these cordial relations of friendship between 
 us I discovered that the love of truth and simple and plain 
 honesty and justice in all the affairs of life predominated 
 in his character. The reputation of no public man that I 
 have ever met was built more certainly and firmly on 
 these ennobling features of his life — truth, honesty, and 
 love of justice — than that of Alexander Stephens Clay. 
 He was not what the world called a brilliant genius, a 
 great and electrifying orator. Nor did he ever essay to 
 fill such a role, but he was eminently an American states- 
 man, possessed of an unerring judgment, a fidelity to 
 duty, and a practical knowledge that made him an in- 
 valuable public servant. Senator Clay was a grateful 
 maiL He loved the kindnesses and courtesies that his 
 friends so lavishly extended to him. But, Mr. Chairman, 
 as much as anyone 1 ever met he esteemed, loved, and 
 cherished the honors that the people of Georgia had con- 
 ferred upon him, and for them, and with that splendid 
 spirit, he labored in and out of season with a persistence 
 and fidelity in the pursuit of their interests that made him 
 one of the most successful Members of the United States 
 Senate. In his vocabulary duty was the great headligiit 
 of his life. As he saw his duty, thus he performed it 
 boldly, conscientiously, and with a courtesy and kindness 
 
 [52] 
 
Addhicss oi Mk. HiciiAKnsoN. or Alabama 
 
 lli;il ( iidiaiid him lo lliosi' wlio iniglil (liU'cr willi him. 
 In his composition tlurr was a marked absence of the 
 petty envies and jeak)usies that so often blur and mark 
 the intercourse of public men. Senator Clay h)ved his 
 fellow man. It was a joy to his heart not only to see but 
 to help his fellow man advance in the honors of life and 
 in the acquisition of blessings that men struggle for. He 
 was a tender and kind-hearlc d man. 
 
 To others of his own State of Georgia it is more appro- 
 priate than for me to note and refer to the various posi- 
 tions of trust and honor that the people of Georgia so 
 generously, over a span of years, conferred on hiuL I 
 only can speak of Senator Clay as I knew him as a Sena- 
 tor. Senator Clay's life, his success, is a wonderful trib- 
 ute to the spirit and glory of our republican institutions. 
 From the humble walks of life he came, but its natural 
 obstacles, its serious hindrances and discouragements, 
 could not deter or divert his invincible spirit. The goal 
 of life was before him; the institutions of his country 
 opened the avenues to him and every man for a fair 
 struggle for success. Success — liberal success — was the 
 reward of his life in all his efforts. He died at an early 
 age, but the record of wiiat he accomplished is the highest 
 and best testimony of his useful life, and is justly the 
 heritage of the great people of Georgia, who feelingly 
 mourn his untimely death. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, sometimes it is unjustly said that the lives 
 of public men are so engrossed in their public duties that 
 the sacred ties of home with its endearments arc more or 
 less benumbed, and that the music of home is not so sweet 
 as it once was. It was not so of Senator Clay*. In my 
 intimacy with him during the frequent private conversa- 
 tions I have had with him when his wife and children 
 were absent. I recall now with what tender pathos he 
 would speak of bis home — the true happiness that dwelt 
 
 [53] 
 
Mkmoriai. Addresses: Senator Clay 
 
 there. He would pass in aftectionate review each mem- 
 ber of his loved family circle and would always close the 
 conversation : " I am so anxious to go home." Mr. Chair- 
 man, it has been said that a happy, contented home is a 
 simple prototype of the mansion that (lod has prepared 
 for those He loves. Senator Clay was a pure and guile- 
 less man — a great man in its true American acceptation — 
 and his life, his example, his works are worthy of earnest 
 imitation. 
 
 [54] 
 
Address of Mr. Davis, of Minnesota 
 
 Mr. Speaker: It is most appropriate that this day be 
 set aside for the strewing of flowers and garlands to the 
 memory of the late Senator Alexander Stephens Clay, 
 of Georgia. 
 
 Although he is no longer with us, the memory of his 
 life, the spirit of integrity' and devotion which domi- 
 nated his actions, comes to us to-day, a testimonial to 
 the true worth of the man. This is an appropriate time, 
 indeed, for those who knew him best to pay tribute to 
 the sterling character of the man, his high purpose and 
 noble ideals. 
 
 To those who knew him best and shared the closest 
 intimacies of his friendship Senator Clay was the lov- 
 able man. He was the man who loved best to have his 
 friends about him and enjoy the sweet intercourse of 
 friendship. Possessed as he was of a rare kindliness of 
 heart and a broad humanity, his view of life was always 
 charitable and optimistic. This quality of benevolence 
 of heart endeared him to all who knew him. The friend- 
 ships he made were enduring. 
 
 His loyalty and devotion to his friends under any and 
 all circumstances was a marked characteristic of the 
 man. Having sprung from the people, realizing in his 
 early experiences struggles of life, he loved them and 
 they in turn loved him. Coming from the people, he 
 understood their wants and he strongly reflected in his 
 
 [55] 
 
MiOMOHiAi. Addresses: Senator Clay 
 
 public career the feeling, sentiment, and thought of his 
 State on public questions. In a true sense he was their 
 representative. He enjoyed a merited popularity, and 
 the cause of it was found in the fact that his people 
 thoroughly believed in liini and had the utmost conii- 
 dence in his honesty, integrit}', and sincerity. 
 
 In all of Senator Clay's public utterances there rings 
 the clear, true note of higli purpose and lofty ideals. 
 He was ever the defender of the people, following his 
 sense of duty as it appeared to him. He denounced 
 wrongdoing and upheld right conduct in public affairs 
 and legislation with an ability, an ardor, and fervency 
 of spirit worthy any patriot or statesman. While he 
 was not slow to denounce with clarion voice evil as he 
 saw it, his eloquence was never wanting to defend the 
 right, to uphold the good. 
 
 This clear-headed, right-minded, and ardent states- 
 man of the South, this advocate of the people, uttered 
 no false note. There was no hesitancy as to the course 
 he was to pursue. Having a clear vision and high pur- 
 pose, he was swift to decide on his course of action. 
 While a partisan in politics, in thought and in purpose 
 he was an independent. His devotion to party never 
 dimmed his vision for the highest public service. His 
 independence of thought continually asserted itself and 
 made its impress upon public legislation. 
 
 During his distinguislied services in the United States 
 Senate, dating from 1896, up to the time of his death, 
 great economic problems confronted the Nation. With 
 these questions he was brought face to face. It was a 
 period in which much of national legislation was directed 
 toward the problems of transportation, commerce, and 
 industries. 
 
 It was a period in which there was a marked diversity 
 of opinion as to the proper methods of dealing with these 
 
 [56] 
 
Addhi.ss 01 Mr. Davis, or Minnksota 
 
 imporlaiil questions. Senator Ci.av brouglit to tlir dis- 
 cussion of these problems a high sense of duty and an 
 earnest and patriotic desire to accomplish tlie right. 
 
 It was in this connection that his indepeiukMice of 
 Ihouglit and action was of sj)ecial value in the securing 
 of legislation of an important nature. In the final 
 analj'sis it will be found. I xciilure to say. that this 
 southern statesman has contributed his share toward 
 the enactment of legislation of a beneficial character. 
 
 He was an iiulefaligahle worker. Here, again, we find 
 his sense of duty asserting itself in long hours of toil and 
 constant attention to public duties. Time and time again 
 friends advised him to take needed rest, which he refused 
 to do, so devoted was lie to his constituency and Nation. 
 Here was a man loyal to his trust. 
 
 Having been born and raised in tiie South, he believed 
 in the South and her future. Although he grew up amid 
 the traditions as ^\c•ll as the satl ruins of the Old South, 
 yet in a true sense he belonged to the New South, with 
 all of her hopes and aspirations. He typified to a re- 
 markable degree that aspiration, self-assertion, and rest- 
 less energy which is now taking possession of her people 
 and which will eventually make of this section a new 
 land. 
 
 Senator Clay was democratic in the true sense of the 
 word. He was ever close to his people and they confided 
 in him. It can be truly said that he knew of no alle- 
 giance save his allegiance to duty. In him the people 
 found a tried, trusted servant, who would betray no con- 
 fidence and would not be turned from the straight path 
 of duty. His State and Nation lost a valuable servant, 
 his people a friend. 
 
 His loss is, indeed, a personal one. It was my privilege 
 to know him intimately, and I came to appreciate and to 
 hold in high esteem his friendship. The hours spent with 
 
 [57] 
 
Mkmohial Ai)i)iti:ssES : Senator Clay 
 
 him will be treasured for the kind memories they bring. 
 I lis geniality, his high and lofty spirit, his unswerving 
 devotion to duty, his rectitude of purpose, will ever be a 
 source of inspiration. 
 
 In all my acquaintance the truth of the maxim that an 
 honest man is the noblest work of God was never more 
 fully exemplified than in the life and character of Senator 
 Clay. 
 
 [58] 
 
Address of Mr. Brantley, of Georgia 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Alexander Stephens Clay was not an 
 ordinary man. He had all the qualities of mind and 
 heart and body that go to make a leader among men. 
 In the hush following upon the startling announcement 
 of his death last November it was oaly too sadly realized 
 that a great man among us had fallen, and in the hearts 
 of his people there was erected that day " the broken 
 column," emblematic and commemorative of the tow- 
 ering figure that had passed out of their lives, but whose 
 memory would always remain. 
 
 No man can carve his way from obscure privation to 
 a seat in the Senate of the United States and hold it 
 against all.comers for two succeeding terms unless there 
 is in him something more of determination, of character, 
 and of power than is given to the average man. Not 
 only did Senator Clay do this, but the end of his bril- 
 liant career to State and Nation was not in sight when a 
 Divine Providence commanded that he lay aside all 
 earthly labors and honors and enter upon his eternal 
 rest. We of the House have set apart this day upon 
 which to pay some fitting tribute to his excellent worth 
 and to voice tlie esteem and atfectlon in which we held 
 him and the sorrow that is ours over his passing away. 
 It is difiicult for those of us who knew him and loved 
 him in Georgia, as well as here, to properly and fully 
 express the greatness of the loss we feel. Its magni- 
 tude, personally, socially, politically, and in everj' other 
 
 [59] 
 
Mkmokiai. Ar)[)Hi:s.sES : Sknatok Ci.av 
 
 way is too overwhelming to find expression in ;iny words 
 that are at our command. I look hack upon fhi years 
 since I first knew him — and more than hall' the life that 
 I have lived is unrolled before me — and his entire pub- 
 lic career comes hack into view. I see him a new member 
 of the Georgia House of Representatives from the county 
 of Cobb, and hear again the clear ringing notes of his 
 clarion voice as he made his first speech. 1 see him, 
 successively, speaker of that body, dignified, courteous, 
 and prompt; president of the Georgia Senate, gracing 
 that station; chairman of the State Democratic execu- 
 tive committee, meeting all the requirements of that 
 position; and a United States Senator from Georgia, 
 living up to the best traditions of that august body. I 
 knew him in all these relations, and now, with the light 
 of his life extinguished and naught remaining of him 
 save his imperishable record and undying memory, I can 
 truly say of him that from the day of his entrance into 
 public life until tlu' hour when he forever laid down its 
 burdens he was the true servant of the i)eopU'. In my 
 service here and at home 1 havi' known no nuui in the 
 public service who more than he uiircsirvedly conse- 
 crated his time, his thougiits. and his talents to the duties 
 of his official station. 
 
 He bore in part a name illustrious in Georgia, and bore 
 it so well that new luster and fame has been given to 
 that name. 
 
 In Statuary Hall in this Capitol tliere has been erected 
 no statue in honor of tlie great State of Georgia, hut some 
 day one of the figures that will there appear will be that 
 of Alexander H. Stephens, (let)rgia's great commoner. 
 This Hall lias lung with iiis elocjuence, and his impress 
 is here, antl in the archi\es of this Government, as it is 
 in Georgia and the South. His illustrious name was 
 borne bv Senator Clay. 
 
 [60] 
 
AnnnKss ok Mk. Bkanti.ky. oi- (Ikorcia 
 
 Wluit iiitluoiicc. if any, this name had upon the shap- 
 ing of his life it is not for me to specuhite upon, but this 
 I know, that, like the great commoner, Alexander H. 
 Stephens, the heart of Ai.i-xander Stephens Clay was 
 ever with the toiling, struggling masses, and his hand 
 was ever extended for their uplifting. 
 
 His life's reconi has been made up. There is naught 
 we can add to it or take from it. That record, as it is 
 written, shows that Senator Clay ever and always stood 
 erect, free, and unshackled to voice the sentiments, the 
 hopes, and aspirations of the great body of the peo- 
 ple, who looked to him with unfailing trust as their 
 spokesman and leader. Neither wealth, nor power, 
 nor influence could swerve him from the straight path 
 of duty, nor did he ever stoop to mislead or deceive. 
 
 Cruel and wicked a.ssaults upon the purity of his 
 motives and the lionesty of his purposes are perils to 
 which every public man is exposed. Such perils are 
 minimized and discounted by such a life as Senator 
 Clay gave to the world. His upright character, his lofty 
 integrity, and his untlinching and unfaltering devotion 
 to duty make the answer to those who for pecuniary or 
 selfish ends would undermine and destroy the confidence 
 of the people in the men selected to serve them. Senator 
 Clay accepted public olTice as a public trust. Duty was 
 his watchword, and 1 speak witliin the confines of a well- 
 considered opinion when I say that his devotion to duty, 
 as be understood and conceived it, hastened the coming 
 of bis untimely end. 
 
 When stricken with failing health and sore disease, 
 friends urged upon him that he forget for the time being 
 the cares and responsil)iiities of iiis office and, with a mind 
 centered only upon regaining health and strength, seek 
 some quiet and obscure retreat and try to woo back his 
 failing powers. These appeals he turned aside, waiting 
 
 [61] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Clay 
 
 an opportunity when duty did not conflict with health. 
 It may be that he did not realize the seriousness of his 
 condition, or how close a neighbor the black angel of 
 death had become; or it may be that he knew these 
 filings and yet dared remain at the post of duty. Be 
 this as it may, he tarried at the post too long, and paid 
 the penalty. He died a martyr to duty. 
 
 The allotted life of man was denied him, and at the 
 age of 57, when he should have been in the full vigor of a 
 strong manhood, he was cut down. We stand aghast at 
 the tragedy of life and death, as thus revealed, and we 
 moralize upon the vanity and futility of human life, as 
 we know it, but in the life of Senator Clay the lesson 
 comes home to us that such a life is worth the living. 
 It was a clean life — clean and pure and honest. It was 
 a life inspired by high ideals and sustained by an 
 unfaltering faith in the love and wisdom of a Divine 
 Creator. Such a life illumines the pathway for strug- 
 gling humanity, and for those who are weaker, points 
 the goal of- success in life and in death that can be 
 reached with a little more courage and a little more 
 effort and purpose. When all has been said and done, 
 it still remains that the most any man can do is to do his 
 dutj' as God gives him the power to see it, and so it can 
 be said of Senator Clay, that he did the most that any 
 man could do. 
 
 He brought into his public life the same sincere, open, 
 and candid habits of thought and speech and act tliat 
 ever characterized him in private life. His life in public 
 and private was an open book, to be read by all men. 
 There was in him nothing of subterfuge or deceit or 
 strategy. What he was he was, and what he thought he 
 said. All men did not at all times agree with all he 
 thought, but none questioned his sincerity, and all 
 admired his candor, even as they did the courage of 
 
 [62] 
 
AonRESs OF Mr. Branti.ky, of (Ikoiu.ia 
 
 conviction that was liis. It is no small foat for a man to 
 live in the white light of publicity for more than a quar- 
 ter of a century and have no stain or blot upon his name 
 ever discovered or suspected. This was the feat of him 
 whose memory we to-day honor, and in honoring which 
 we honor ourselves. 
 
 Senator Clay won a high place in the councils of the 
 Nation. His opinions were respected, his advice was 
 always heard and oftentimes heeded. He more than 
 maintained himself in what is popularly called the great- 
 est legislative body on earth. His standing there was 
 secure, and his influence felt. His colleagues in the 
 body where he served, as in this, admired, respected, 
 trusted, and loved him. What more can be said of any 
 man's service? But marked as was Senator Clay's suc- 
 cess here, his greatest success was in winning and holding 
 throughout the years the confidence and love of the peo- 
 ple who so signally honored him. With them his death 
 was a great personal bereavemeni. Senator Clay' has 
 passed into the great beyond which passing is lamented 
 beyond expression, but it is " Steve " Clay, the man, 
 whom his people miss and mourn. They loved him, not 
 because he was a Senator, but because he was a true 
 and trusted friend, a loyal and unselfish neighbor, a 
 gentle but courageous man. It was because they loved 
 him that they made him a Senator. I voice their senti- 
 ments when I say that in his death Georgia mourns the 
 loss of one of her great sons, great because he was a 
 manly man, great because on merit alone he won and 
 held high place and in it always did his duty, great 
 because he loved his God, his country, and his fellow 
 man. He came, he was, and now he is no more. We 
 rejoice that he came and that we knew him; we mourn 
 because in this life we shall know him no more, nor 
 soon upon his like look again. 
 
 [63] 
 
Address of Mr. Adamson, of Georgia 
 
 Mr. Speaker: The death of Senator Cl.\y was a sad 
 blow to his friends and a great h)ss to his country. His 
 lingering illness fdled us with apprehension and prepared 
 our minds in some measure to expect the announcement 
 of the end, but our estimate of his worth was by no means 
 decreased thereby, nor our sorrow diminished. He bore 
 his long illness with a faith and fortitude surpassing hero- 
 ism and nowhere equaled outside of the life trials and 
 triumphs of a Christian. Physical courage may animate 
 and sustain the hero to rush upon the enemy and brave 
 danger in the shock of battle, scorning carnage and death 
 raging round, in reality being stimulated thereby to 
 greater and loftier daring. Far different is the case of the 
 sufferer lingering for years under the ravages of wasting 
 disease, knowing he can never recover, but conscious that 
 his end is near. With full knowledge he looks the mon- 
 ster in the face and defies him to do his worst, realizing 
 that duty well done, with obedience and faith in Him who 
 triumphed over death for us all, will set at naught the 
 dread power of the fell reaper. Senator Clay knew for 
 two years that his healtfi was irrevocably gone and that 
 his days were numbered, yet he continued cheerful and 
 genial. Though his friends importuned him to suspend 
 work and prolong his life by rest and treatment, he stead- 
 fastly refused and continued to work. He said that his 
 constituents had honored and trusted him, and he must 
 continue to serve them as long as his strength permitted; 
 that if death nmst needs come it should find him at his 
 
 [64] 
 
Ai)i)Hi:ss oi .Mh. Adamson, of (iiioiuii.v 
 
 post of duty, and nothing olso slioidtl roincjve hini there- 
 from. Ik' literally worked for his people, even down to 
 the hour and article of his death. 
 
 Senator Clay's sickness and death presented a nobler 
 spectacle even than that prophesied by the sublime poet, 
 who saw — 
 
 " The last of human mold 
 
 That shall Creation's death behold." 
 
 "Amid the wreck of matter and the crasli of worlds " 
 
 The Spectacular last " lone one stood 
 
 With dauntless words and high," 
 
 And bade the dying sun, fading 
 
 Into universal destruction and gloom, 
 
 " Go tell the night that hides thy face 
 
 Thou sawest the last of Adam's race 
 
 On earth's sepulchral clod 
 
 The dying universe defy to quench his immortality 
 
 Or shake his trust in God." 
 
 How different the case of Senator Ci.ay. Hacked with 
 pain, prostrated by an incural)le aflliction, communing 
 only with himself and his God, unstimulated by spectacu- 
 lar phenomena or sublime and territic events, he, patient 
 and uncomplaining, conducted his private domestic 
 affairs, directed his official business, responded to the de- 
 mands of his constituents, all the while surely, rapidly, 
 and consciously approacliing his dissolution, yet, relying 
 on his Maker and his Savior, he answered his summons 
 without a tremor or a fear, and calmly laid his feeble, 
 wasted body down to rest, while his spirit, freed from 
 pain and care, soared to realms on high to receive the 
 glorious reward of the brave and the faithful. 
 
 I knew Senator Clay longer and better than did any 
 other Representative or Senator. Our friendship, genu- 
 ine and uninterrupted for more than 33 year.s, did not 
 depend upon any accident of fortune, nor was it ever 
 
 95298° -11 .-. [65] 
 
.MKMoitiAL Addkkssks ; Si;n.vi'()K Clay 
 
 afl'ccted by any exigency of politics. Usually wc agreed, 
 but when we occasionally differed he manifested his ac- 
 curate understanding of the American principle of polit- 
 ical liberty bj' entertaining his own opinion without pro- 
 test, anger, or attempted proscription if his comrades 
 should act upon their own judgments. That is a rare 
 quality, professed much oftcner than it is practiced. 
 Senator Clay fully exemplified the doctrine in practice. 
 If, like him, we could all realize and show forth the doc- 
 trine that libertj' of opinion means that we can all think 
 as we please though we differ in conclusion and action, 
 conditions and feelings would be much improved. A 
 man who asserts his own liberty of opinion, with the 
 reservation or assertion that his neighbor must agree or 
 be proscribed, denies his own freedom and impeaches his 
 own manhood rather than that of his neighbor. If one is 
 free, all are free, and all may think and all may differ, yet 
 all be true American patriots striving for the same end — 
 true principles and good citizenship. 
 
 I first met Alexander Stephens Clay at Douglas supe- 
 rior court in 1877, soon after we had both been admitted 
 to the bar. We were both young, hopeful, and poor. 
 " Fellow feeling made us wondrous kind." We had no 
 idea of ever going to Congress. We did believe, how- 
 ever, that we could make as good lawyers as some of 
 those we saw making a living at the practice, and we 
 tried our best. Conditions were such tliat we could not 
 avoid participating in politics, but not to an extent that 
 intei'fered with our practice of law, tliough he did in 
 turn become a member of both branches of the legisla- 
 ture and presided over both with great credit, after- 
 wards sei'ving as chairman of the Democratic Stale 
 conmiittee. Twenty years after our admission to thi' 
 bar we both came to Congress, he to the Senate and I 
 to the House. Our friendship of 20 years \\ as not termi- 
 
 tti«] 
 
AllDHDSS OI Mh. AnVMSON, OF CrHOHdlA 
 
 nated therein', but became more intimate and intense. 
 He was, in the lull sense of the word, a working Senator. 
 He made lew long speeches, but many long friendships. 
 He so ingratiated himself into the favor of his associate 
 Senators that he could accomplisii as much of a personal, 
 local, or nonpartisan nature as any other Senator, if not 
 more. He was always ready to work and would respond 
 with alacrity to any call of duty, night or day. He loved 
 liis friends, and very few acquaintances wei'e not his 
 friends. If I had no other evidence of his goodness here 
 and his acceptance on high than his love for his fellow 
 man, I would feel warranted in believing that his dis- 
 embodied spirit passed from suffering and love of his 
 fellow mortals below to the glory and comradeship of 
 the blessed above. \\'e are taught tiiat our love for the 
 brethren is sullicient evidence that we have passed from 
 death unto life. 
 
 If a man saitli I love God, and hateth his brottier, he is a liar; 
 for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, how can 
 he love God whom he hath not seen? 
 
 Whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones a 
 cup of cold water only in the name of a disciple, verily 1 say 
 unto you, he shall in nowise lose his reward. 
 
 Senator Cl.\y did more than give a cup of cold water 
 to the thirsty little one. He gave overflowing cups of 
 joy to all who knew him. "Verily he went about doing 
 good." 
 
 As an American statesman he left an enviable record. 
 True to his oath and to the people, he would have been 
 true to the people without the oath. He never sanctioned 
 oppression, nor did he ever consent to " grind the face of 
 the poor" by speech or vote. He never helped to en- 
 throne might or enricli class to the oppression of the weak 
 or the robbery of the masses. He never aided in enacting 
 
 [67] 
 
Mkmohiai. Addrf.ssics: Sknator Ci.av 
 
 class legislation to enable a few to exploit the many nor 
 to establish unequal laws permitting men to grow rich 
 by compelling their neighbors to pay extortionate prices. 
 He lived and loved the doctrine tliat opportunity should 
 be left as free and equal as natural conditions would 
 permit and that legislation should never increase in- 
 equalitj' for the benefit of special interests to the detri- 
 ment and impoverishment of the general public. His 
 record was true to the Constitution, the welfare of the 
 people, and the cause of righteousness. I offer this sim- 
 ple tribute to the memorj' of a model husband, provi- 
 dent fatlier, afteclionale, dutiful son, good friend, true 
 patriot, able statesman, and Christian gentleman, not in 
 the spirit and vernacular of laudation, but in the language 
 and fervor of true friendship, prompted by a heart that 
 loved and honored him in life and now after his death 
 proudly commends his life and record to the youth of 
 the land as furnishing an object lesson for studj^ and 
 encouragement and an example worthy of imitation. 
 
 [68] 
 
Address of Mr. Hughes, of Georgia 
 
 Mr. Si'eaker: It wa.s my pleasure and joy to have 
 known Senator Clav from his vigorous yoimg manhood to 
 the close of his illustrious life. This friendship grew and 
 increased with the passing years. He knew I loved him. 
 
 This genial gentleman, whose genius won for him a 
 place among the foremost statesmen of his day, came 
 from that sturdy stock of southern yeomanry who defy 
 all ohstacles in the pursuit of laudahle aml)ition. The 
 father and mother of this kind, nohle, and lovable son still 
 live to revere his memory and to look back over his life, 
 which has been a beacon light in cverj' hour of their lives. 
 His father was a small farmer, accustomed to the ax, 
 plow, and hoe. Togetlier with his wife, who was as gen- 
 tle as industrious, he faced the stei'u realities of farm life 
 throughout tlie darkest days of Georgia's rehabilitation, 
 when want, devastation, and sorrow hovered over the 
 Southland, so impending that hope was deferred and de- 
 spair caused many a weary soul to yield to the seemingly 
 inevitable and sink into an untimely grave. Not so with 
 the elder Clay. He met every storm in the vicissitudes of 
 life with rigid determination, never despairing, deter- 
 mined to conquer for wife, ciiildren. and country. The 
 mother was, indeed, his helpmeet, for it was she who 
 radiated light through every cloud, brightening the rugged 
 pathway of their lives as they moved onward and upward 
 to comparative independence and comfort in a modest 
 country home. 
 
 [69] 
 
Mk.mohiai. Ai)1)hi:ssi:s: Skn.mok CI..\^ 
 
 Such were llu' r;itluT and mother of "Steve" Clay, 
 who rose to ilhimhu' the Hie of his parents and honor his 
 country witli his goodness and greatness. 
 
 Senator (2lav was horn and reared on a farm, receiving 
 his early education in the country schools and hetween 
 tlie plow handles. He was ever willing to laljor with ills 
 father in l)uil<ling up the home, and as he grew liis dream 
 was to lessen every burden of father and mother. As he 
 could he spared from the farm he was sent to the near-by 
 schools, for his parents were determined to laj' the foun- 
 dation upon which he could build a higher education 
 through iiis own efTorts — a wise provision of which lie 
 took advantage later in life. 
 
 By indefatigable energy and determination Mr. Clay 
 won in the great battles of life, leaving an object lesson to 
 evcr\' determined boy wliieli inspires regardless of pov- 
 erty and adverse surroundings. 
 
 Having performed every kind t)f farm labor, young 
 Clay knew the meaning of hard work, economy, and sac- 
 riflci . His struggle on the farm implanted in his very 
 soul the fact that diligent labor was the factor which 
 pointed to success in any field which he might enter, and 
 his success in his first work on the farm aroused a desire 
 for greater achievements and broader fields. While still 
 a young man, and just after he liad graduated from 
 Hiawassee College, he taught school and studied law dur- 
 ing his leisure moments, being admitted to the bar in 1S77. 
 His earnestness, his a|)plication, his devotion to duty in 
 this profession not only attracted attention but clients, 
 and tlie young attorney rapidly attained a position of 
 prominence in the State as one of its ablest lawyers. In 
 this profession he won distinction. 
 
 He entered politics with the same zeal that character- 
 ized his progress and successful attainments on the farm 
 and at the bar. After a short service in the House of 
 
 [70] 
 
AdDUKSS 01' Mil. Hi (illKS, Ol" CiKOlU.IA 
 
 Hoprt'soiilatives ol (icorgin he was clcctid speaker of 
 that body, stamping hiinselt' as a master of parliamentary 
 law; and his a<lherence to justice in his rulings increased 
 his popularity, the popularity that had made him a great 
 favorite and a leader in (leorgia politics, lie left the 
 house to accept a term in the State senate, and served 
 with great distinction as its president, displaying his same 
 wonderful knowledge of parliamentary practice and pro- 
 cedure. At this time it was predicted that he would, ere 
 long, occupy the gubernatorial chair, but, instead, he was 
 soon elected to the United States Senate, in which body he 
 was conspicuous; and his service there so endeared him 
 to the people of his native State that he was elected to the 
 second and third terms without opposition. Mr. Cl.w's 
 political life was untarnished; he was true to principle 
 and there was no power which could swerve him from it. 
 His life is emblematic of all that is pure and noble, a herit- 
 age more precious than gold, which is handed down to the 
 young men of Georgia and of this Union as an example 
 worthy of emulation, as a star of hope to those striving 
 for success, honor, and renown. 
 
 Senator Clay was filled with faith, hope, and charity. 
 He had faith in his God, his country, and his fellow man, 
 and that faith was made more beautiful by hope, which 
 was as bright as the midday sun, dispelling every passing 
 cloud, radiating its glor\' to his fellow man. leaving in- 
 spiration wheresoever the rays might fall. But his great- 
 est trait was charity, which made him good as well as 
 great. It permeated his every purpose in life. He saw 
 the good in mankind, and under his cheering smile and 
 heartfelt encouragement many have overcome great 
 obstacles and conquered <lespair. 
 
 He was firm as Gibraltar in his convictions, which 
 were only reached after careful and painstaking investi- 
 gation. He was immovable when he felt he was right. 
 
 [71] 
 
Ml MOKiAL AnoKESSEs: Senatok Clay 
 
 He was broad and readily recognized the rights of others, 
 even though they were opposed to his interest. He was 
 powerful in debate and spoke with the force of a logi- 
 cian — so often desti-uctive to his opponents. He used 
 argument, not coercion. He was as persuasive as he was 
 logical and never left a scar intentionally. His lan- 
 guage was never of doubtful construction, but he did 
 not sting with invective in order to place in the Record 
 remarks attractive only for vitriolic effect — so common 
 to many whose leading traits in speaking are bitterness 
 instead of logic tempered with justice, the weapon of a 
 statesman in debate. 
 
 He knew, regardless of all the nobility and goodness 
 in man, that still he was not perfect; that it was not 
 given to human beings to be without faults. But he 
 looked upon these faults with a loving and forgiving 
 heart, and it was his wont to minimize them. 
 
 There was never a new Member of the House who, 
 when he met Senator Clay, was not drawn to and 
 attracted by him. He realized that which has not 
 occurred to some Members, that new Representatives 
 deserved consideration and aid in.stead of indifference 
 when entering upon their new duties. Older Members 
 are prone to forget that their knowledge was largely 
 acquired through the school of experience, and do not 
 lend a helping hand to new Members. But it was not 
 so with Senator Clay. One of his greatest pleasures was 
 to lend a helping hand, and his kind heart would cause 
 him to go to the rescue of a friend long before his aid 
 was asked. 
 
 Such a man, whether born in a mansion or humble cot- 
 tage, lives great and dies great. Such a man was Clay. 
 
 In his home life " beauty walked hand in hand with 
 duty." He was ever a dutiful son, an indulgent, loving 
 fatiier, a faitliful husband. 
 
 [72] 
 
Ai)i)iii:ss or IMk. IIr(iiii:s. of (ir.oiu.is 
 
 I attnided the last sad rites paid to this distinguislicd 
 Georgian at Marietta, Ga., his home, where he was known 
 best and loved most. Here his friends gathered, sharing 
 the grief of his loved ones as he was placed in his last 
 earthly resting place, amid wreaths of flowers. These 
 emblems of purity were tokens of love and the tears in 
 ever}' eye were the response of bleeding hearts. 
 
 [73J 
 
Address of Mr. Bell, of Georgl\ 
 
 Mr. Speaker: It was my privilege and pleasure to have 
 been personally acquainted with the late Senator Alex- 
 ander S. Clay, of Georgia. Since my first knowledge of 
 him I was convinced that he possessed many noble 
 virtues and characteristics, and during my acquaintance 
 with him, covering a period of more than 20 jears, noth- 
 ing ever occurred to convince me in any degree that he 
 was not a conscientious, noble, true, and patriotic south- 
 ern gentleman. He was a man of strong convictions, 
 yet liberal and generous. While cherishing his own con- 
 victions, he was broad and well balanced and conceded 
 to evei"y man the right of his own views and decisions, 
 if at all in keeping with any sort of fairness or justice. 
 He was a plain, unpretentious man, but forceful and 
 intelligent. He was generous to a fault, and no needy 
 person, so far as my knowledge of the man goes, ever 
 left his door except believing in his heart that "Steve" 
 Clay, as he was affectionately called, was a real friend 
 to his less fortunate brother. He was a lawyer of great 
 ability, was successful as an attorney, as a business man, 
 and as a legislator in his State as well as in the councils 
 of the Nation. His achievements in politics were due 
 to his indomitable energy and perseverance, coupled 
 with his faithfulness to his friends wherever found. I 
 was always glad to have his friendship, because it was 
 not that of an ordinary man, but one of force, power, 
 and devotion. While he never lost sight of the fact that 
 he was a United States Senator and always sustained 
 himself in the estimation of his fellow Senators, he was 
 likewise the active representative of the individual citi- 
 zen residing within the borders of his own Common- 
 
 L74] 
 
Addhkss or Mh. HEr.i., or (ii;oR(;i\ 
 
 wealth, and 1r' could always be depiiulod upon to watch 
 and protect tiie interests of those who appealed to him 
 for aid. He was an intense man. There was that about 
 him which drew to him the regard of men. In the line 
 of his official duty concerning his people, their wants 
 and wishes, he served them with a fidelity as unswerving 
 as (iiJ)raltar's rock. So much might be said of this manly 
 man and of his life, which was so full of kind thoughts 
 and good deeds, but what more need be said when wo 
 can safely say of him that he was true to himself, his 
 country, his family, and his God. One of the most beauti- 
 ful traits in Senator Cl.\y's life and character was his 
 loving devotion to his wife and children. He always 
 confi<led in me, and 1 knew of some of his trials and 
 vicissitudes, and he always spoke so tenderly of the wife 
 of his bosom and of his boys, for whom he was so much 
 concerned. He said to me on more than one occasion 
 that his greatest object in life was to set a good example 
 for his children and leave such footprints on the sands 
 of time tiiat his cliildren might point to him with pride 
 as their father and protector. 
 
 It was my privilege to attend the last sad rites of this 
 good citizen and friend, and my heart was touched when 
 the great throng of anxious people fdled the large church 
 to overflowing long before the hour of his funeral and to 
 witness the beautiful (loral offerings which bore eloquent 
 testimony of the love and esteem in which he was held 
 in his home citj-. This statesman, husband, father, 
 friend, is gone from us, but his influence remains. The 
 recollection of his goodness and tenderness will always 
 be a light to lead and guide us to a higher and better 
 life in this world and remind us that there is a better 
 life beyond the grave, for the good and faithful are not 
 only promised the life that now is, but that which is to 
 come. 
 
 [75] 
 
Address of Mk. Cullop, of Indiana 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Alexander Stephens Clay, late a Senator 
 of the United States from the State of Georgia, was born 
 September 25, 1853, and died November 13, 1910. 
 
 During the period contained within said dates his life's 
 work will be found, and we pause a little while here to- 
 day from the daily routine to review and consider his 
 service to his State, his people, and his coiuitry, as a 
 tribute to his memory. 
 
 With him the door of opportunity is now closed to 
 change, alter, or renew his career, and to a generous 
 public it is now submitted for judgment upon the work 
 pei'formed, the results accomplislied, and the inihience he 
 exerted, with the fond Iiope tiiat it will be approved by 
 the verdict of his countrymen. 
 
 Senator Clay was born and reared to manhood in 
 Georgia amidst turbulent scenes and impressive environ- 
 ments enacted in his State. It was during that age of life 
 when incidents irrevocably fix their imprint upon the 
 memory of individuals; it was during a period freighted 
 with revolution, which disturbed both domestic and pub- 
 lic institutions and formed and fashioned a new order of 
 public affairs. 
 
 When the Civil War broke out he was of suHicient age 
 to understand its awfu! consequences, and bear witness to 
 its destruction of both life and property, its obstruction to 
 both domestic and civil progress, and its paralyzation of 
 all nuiterial development. 
 
 Georgia, his native Stale, was blessed with a great store- 
 house of natural wealtii, abounding in mineral resources, 
 
 [7(ij 
 
Addi'.kss Of Ma. (>ii,i.()p, of Indiana 
 
 attaining advancod dtvclopnient, a rich fertile soil in a 
 high state of cultivation, producing enormously, divided 
 into fine farms and large plantations, containing cities of 
 thrift and enterprise, diversified manufactories, turning 
 out annually vast cargoes of finished products, entering 
 all the commercial marts of the civilized world, yielding 
 enormous returns in |)rotits on tlie investments of her 
 people, blessed with a State government with a low tax 
 rate and without a single dollar of bonded indebtedness 
 as a result of the wise and prudent administration of its 
 public officials. All these he learned as a boy around his 
 father's hearthstone, where public questions were dis- 
 cussed and parental instruction diffused in the family 
 circle. 
 
 He saw the great transformation of all these beneficent 
 public policies whicii had bi'en instituted by the patriotic 
 influences of his revolutionary sires, who learned their 
 lessons in public duty around the camp fires of the Revo- 
 lutionarj' War as colonial soldiers, fighting for the cause 
 of human liberty. He saw all this changed by the cruel 
 fate of war, until the fertile fields were laid waste and 
 the fine plantations destroyed, and both become the 
 camping grounds, battle fields, and burial places of hos- 
 tile armies contending in deadly strife. He saw the 
 beautiful homes of her people burned, their improve- 
 ments destroyed, and their occupants scattered, the thriv- 
 ing industries of her cities paralyzed, their productions 
 cease, and these hives of human industi-j- become the 
 rendezvous ot idleness and vagrancy, the development 
 of her natural resources stojjped, her mines and quarries 
 cease production, and her commerce fade from existence, 
 her towns and cities reduced to ashes, her wealth, the 
 product of nearly a century's toil, economy, and business 
 sagacity, dissipated; her internal improvements, sources 
 of great public profit, constructed througii the wisdom of 
 
 [77] 
 
MixiuiuM. AnDKKSSKs: Sknatoh Ca.w 
 
 Ikt statcsiiKii, cripi)k'(l and bcconic hiiriU'iis un llu- 
 people, bankruptcy installed through the corruption, ex- 
 travagance, and improvidence of her State otliciais in 
 the administration of lier State affairs, and deficit take 
 the place of surplus in her public treasury. 
 
 He saw the nominal taxation of property, which had 
 been ample to support her State government, displaced 
 and in its j)lace a tax levj' enforced which amounted to 
 confiscation to defray the public expenditures of her 
 imported carpetbag government, winch administered her 
 public afl'airs and despoiled her credit. He saw a gov- 
 ernment without debt converted hito one with a i)idilic 
 indebtedness which equaled the entire cash valuation of 
 all the property within the State subject to taxation for 
 public purposes. 
 
 He saw, under the reconstruction of iier State govern- 
 ment after the war, the remnant of property not de- 
 stroyed by the ravages of war confiscated by unscrupu- 
 lous oilicials holding the pidilic ofiices and directing her 
 legislation for the purposes of spoliation, tlirough \n\- 
 lage and plunder for selfish gains multiply the burtlens 
 of an already exhausted people oppressed beyond en- 
 durance; the high standing of the once proud State 
 changed from its famous position and placed on the 
 verge of repudiation and financial dishonor. 
 
 For more than 12 years of his early life, diu'ing its 
 formative period, he witnessed this transformation, this 
 interval of hardship and of public and private disaster, 
 all of which was indelibly written on Ids memory. 
 Reared to manhood under such circumstances and amidst 
 such troublous scenes, educated in this disastrous school 
 of experience, well fitfecf him for public ollice. for service 
 in the interest of the citizens whose representative he 
 became, and whose duty it ^^as to serve for the restoration 
 of their rights and the advancement of the public wel- 
 
 [78] 
 
Ai>i>iu:s.s oi' Mh. Cii.i.oi', of Inhiana 
 
 I'arc. 11 (lUiililkd liiiii, ;is no utlirr cxpiTiciiCf I'Diihl liinc 
 done, to raitlif'ully oxcciitc tlio trust a confiding oon- 
 stiluency intrusted to liini, and it soonuMl the ever- 
 pressing desire wliicii actuated him in Iiis public career 
 was to keep inviolate this purpose. 
 
 When he arrived at the full estate of manhood, blessed 
 with a dauntless courage, a rigid determination to do 
 right — essential and indispensable qualifications for a 
 public servant — he was called to tlic legislature of his 
 State to serve for 10 years to aid in restoring good govern- 
 ment to its peojile, reorganizing it on a high plane, that 
 it might redeem its imperiled credit, reestablish public 
 confidence, and inaugurate for it a prosperous condition 
 which it was so well fitted by nature to enjoy. This work 
 he so well performed, this duty he so satisfactorily dis- 
 charged, that the people of that State thrice elected him 
 to a scat in the United States Senate as a reward. What 
 better approval, what higher commendation for public 
 service could any man desire? 
 
 As an illustration of his purpose, I might add a single 
 instance, characteristic of the man and his regard for 
 public duty, which came under my own observation. I 
 met Senator Clay upon my entrance to the Sixty-first 
 Congress at the beginning of the special session. We 
 lived at the same hotel, and were daily thrown together. 
 During the consideration of the Payne bill by the Senate 
 we met one evening, and while discussing tlie events of 
 the day, with much emphasis, referring to a certain 
 schedule whicli had been considered by the Senate that 
 day, he said : " Cullop, 1 voted wrong to-day on that 
 schedule; it was against the interests of the people of this 
 country and for the great material l)enefit of an inter- 
 ested few. I did not know it at tlie time. 1 have learned 
 the fact since adjournment. To-morrow 1 siiall have an 
 opportunity to correct that vote, and 1 shall do it." 
 
 [79] 
 
Mi:m()Uiai. Addrfssks : Senatok C. 
 
 When the morrow came he did correct it and voted 
 his convictions. Here was an evidence of the effect of 
 the wonderful training and experience through which he 
 had passed bearing its beneficial results on the man who 
 had seen the eflfects and tasted the hardships wliicli tlie 
 betrayal of official duty and honor have upon the peo- 
 ple. He knew what otiiciai misconduct meant and the 
 injury it could inilict upon a helpless people, and for 
 this reason he could not tolerate it or permit it whenever 
 he could prevent it. 
 
 The example is worthy of emulation and proclaims 
 him worthy of the confidence the people of his State 
 reposed in him and the high estimation he maintained 
 for them as a reward for their partiality for him. Faith- 
 ful in public life, whatever the station he occupied, 
 whether in the council of his home city, the legislative 
 halls of his native State, or in the Senate of the United 
 States, the greatest lawmaking body in the world, lie 
 erected to his memory a moniuncnt more enduring than 
 any that could be built of marble or brass, which the 
 cycles of time crumble to dust, while the other will exist 
 so long as people cherish faithful service as a virtue of 
 great moment in the discharge of official duties. 
 
 Life has its ending, men come and go, they perish from 
 the earth and their places are rapidly taken in the surg- 
 ing scenes daily enacted around us; but the work of a 
 man, faithfullj' performed, for the betterment of the 
 people of a great nation, for the uplift of humanity, for 
 the elevation of a nation's ideals, for the advancement 
 of its progress, lives on and redounds to the glory and 
 advancement of a civilization which can never stand 
 still but must ever move forward or it is doomed. His 
 efforts were expended to aid its progress and accentuate 
 the diffusion of its blessings among a people who are 
 destined to lead the march of the nations of the earth in 
 
 ISO] 
 
Adorkss (II Mil. Cni.op, or Indiana 
 
 every effort to attain a liiglur destiny and a more perfect 
 Government — a nation whose benefits should, like the 
 rains from heaven, descend for the nourishment of all 
 alike, and invigorate the poor that they may be able to 
 cope with the great, and that its legislation should be so 
 wise and just that it will strengthen the weak and grant 
 no special advantages to the strong. With him life's 
 work is ended; to it he can not add a cubit or take from 
 it an atom. It is a finished volume, on the pages of whicii 
 will be found inspiration for the young who are entering 
 its portals, stri^^ng to attain a place in the public eye for 
 the purpose of advancing the great cause of improved 
 conditions for the human race. 
 
 Pause but for a moment and review the period cover- 
 ing the 57 years of his life — a period that has no parallel 
 in all the histoi-y of the world. No like period of re- 
 corded time witnessed such a transformation, such an 
 evolution in every department of life. Human agency 
 never before made sucli development or human ingenuity 
 witnessed such discovery; the brain and muscle of man 
 were never so productive. To repeat its progress would 
 be only a narrative of its wonderful achievements, and a 
 comparison with any other similar period of time would 
 only emphasize its glorious and wonderful results. 
 
 Considering this great historical fact, coupled with the 
 troublous scenes he had witnessed, the hardships he had 
 encountered at the outset of his career because of his loca- 
 tion in the storm center of the Civil War, where battle and 
 bivouac were all about him, we find ample reason for his 
 ambition to support and aid in the wholesome adminis- 
 tration of public affairs and the betterment of his people, 
 a most laudable purpose and a virtue worthy of praise. 
 
 Like a tall and mighty oak in the great forest he has 
 fallen to rise no more; from the siiifting scenes in the 
 panorama of life he has passed forever, but the work he 
 
 [81] 
 
Mi;m()HI.\i. Ai)I)I(i;ssi;s : SiCNATcm (j.a\ 
 
 performed, the example he left, will re nuiin as the herit- 
 age he bequeathed to posterity; and an admiring constit- 
 uency, which conferred upon him the highest honors 
 within its gift, will extol his work, praise his virtues, and 
 emulate his exami)le, that the rising generations may lake 
 courage and redoidilc their efforts in scaling the imperial 
 heights in order to gain fame and attain an enviable posi- 
 tion in the never-ceasing struggle of mankind for a higher 
 and better destiny. 
 
 Every worthy life, it matters not how humble or how 
 great, that goes out on the boundless ocean of eternity 
 leaves some work done, some act performed, some word 
 said which constitutes a shrine around which faithfid and 
 devoted friends weave a wreath of affection and on which 
 they lay a garland of glory as an evidence of appreciation 
 and as a token of grief that the world may know that the 
 work of a man lives after he has gone from among men 
 and that mortality is succeeded by immortality; that we 
 do not live in vain; that death is not the end. 
 
 In the soil of his native State he sleeps in the everlast- 
 ing embi'ace of death, to wake no more. Surrounded by 
 the friends of his lifetime, who enjoyed his victorious 
 march to honorable station, who mourn his untimely 
 death, who will ever cherish his memory, emphasize his 
 virtues, and hold sacred his public services as a rich 
 legacy of priceless value, devised as a heritage to his peo- 
 ple and his State, for the inspiration of both to strive for 
 higher ideals in public service and better standards of 
 government, for the advancement of every good and 
 noble purpose as the best and safest plan for the perpetu- 
 ation of free government for a great and mighty people in 
 a great and mighty country. 
 
 [82] 
 
Address ok Mr. Lee, oi" Georgia 
 
 Mr. Speaker: The very wide disparity between the halt- 
 ing and feeble expression that I am able to give my feel- 
 ings on this occasion, and the depth and bittei-ness of the 
 loss and sorrow that the dcatli of my friend has brought 
 me, render the sad duty of to-day doubly depressing. 
 
 From the very beginning of luy service lie was a father 
 and a brother in one to me. Wise, kind, gentle, and pa- 
 tient, he was in very truth a godfather to me in the years 
 of my inexperience, and a safe and prudent counselor 
 always. Our friendship and intimacy knew no interrup- 
 tion until the unsparing hand of death ended it forever. 
 
 It is a comforting thought now to me that 1 did not wait 
 till his great heart au<l brain were cold in death to ac- 
 knowledge my obligation and gratitude to liim. His sev- 
 eral illnesses and long feebleness in the latter years of his 
 life gave his friends warning and opportunity to show 
 their deep and warm attachment. His eyes closed on 
 earthly scenes with a more gratifying realization than 
 comes to most of men — of the high regard in which he 
 was held by friends and associates. 
 
 Mr. Clay's public life was not meteoric; on the con- 
 trary, his career shines with the steady light of a fixed 
 star. Like hundreds of our public men who rose to emi- 
 nence, he was born on the farm and his early education 
 was liad in tlie public schools of his native coimty. 
 .Mready in the days of his youth he was distinguished by 
 patient and intelligent application to all allotted tasks. 
 If he did not grasp subjects of study at a glance, he no 
 
 8:^ 
 
Memouiai. Ai)1)hi;ssi:s: Senator Clay 
 
 less surely encompassed all its essentials, even all its 
 details, by persistent delving, and this valuable quality of 
 persistent, insistent investigation characterized every- 
 thing he undertook after he had grown to man's estate. 
 
 In due time he came to the bar and in his chosen pro- 
 fession soon gained the respect and admiration of his fel- 
 low practitioners, who could not fail to recognize his para- 
 mount ability and his many lovable and engaging traits 
 of character. His people, estimating his uprightness and 
 ability at their true value, successively sent him to the 
 city council, to the general assembly, and to the State s-jn- 
 ate. In the assembly he was made speaker; in the State 
 senate he became president. These were large honors 
 and he wore them well. His decisions as presiding ofliccr 
 were models alike of fairness and of clearness. He made 
 great impress upon the laws of Georgia. Finally, there 
 came to him tlie highest honor his State could bestow — 
 his elevation to the Senate of the United States — and from 
 his first election in 1896 to the day of his death there was 
 no man in Georgia to doubt the wisdom of retaining him 
 in that place just as long as he would be willing to serve. 
 
 His first election to the Senate of the United States was 
 the only contest he ever had to make for that high station 
 in the public service. The "recall" would have had no 
 terrors for him had it been operative in Georgia. His 
 chief concern was to discharge faitjifully his duty as he 
 saw it; his chief pleasure to be helpful and kind to family 
 and friends. The knowledge and abundant evidence I 
 have had that he included me among the latter is a most 
 pleasing rellection. He died in the harness; for years 
 his waning liealth and strengtii warned him to desist from 
 his labors, but he would not. The unyielding persever- 
 ance of his whole life upheld him; the flesh might be 
 weak, but fiie spirit was strong. And thus lie fought the 
 good fight to the very end. 
 
 [84] 
 
Addrpss oi Mh. Lkk. of (Ikorcia 
 
 Mr. Clay's senatorial career is niarki<i by thai un- 
 swerving adherence to the precepts of. honesty and fair 
 dealing to which I have already referred. For him 
 there was ever but one line of conduct — that which was 
 dictated by right and equity. From that line he never 
 deviated. 
 
 In the Senate, as elsewhere, he gave scrupulous atten- 
 tion to all his duties. He served on four of the most 
 important connnittees — Claims. Commerce, Post Oilices 
 and Post Roads, and Public Buildings and Grounds. On 
 each and all of these he did his full share of work, and 
 his reports on any bill assigned to him were always 
 luminous and exhaustive of the subject. Having ever 
 in mind the welfare of the country, yet he did not fail 
 to have due regard for the interests of his State and its 
 people, and it was due to his watchful care no less than 
 to his ability in conciliating opposing or conflicting views 
 that many questions relating to the cities of Geoi'gia and 
 to her rivers and harbors were treated with liberal con- 
 sideration in the Senate. 
 
 Almost from the very day of his appearance in the 
 Senate he took an active part in the discussion of all 
 important measures. It can be safeh' asserted, I think, 
 that in this respect he was equaled by few of his col- 
 leagues and excelled bj' none. Without the witchery of 
 highest eloquence, yet he rarely failed to impress his 
 audience, even those whose views and opinions ditt'ered 
 from his, by the patent honesty of his convictions, the 
 clearness of his statements, the exhaustive treatment of 
 every phase of the matter in debate. His imiform 
 courtesy was notable. Never in all the discussions in 
 which he took part did a word escape his lips tiiat bore 
 the sling of bitterness, nor was he ever guilty of insinua- 
 tions against or aspersions upon the motives of those 
 opposed to him. Thus it happened that he was always 
 
 [8.51 
 
Mi;M(mi\i. Ai)i)Hi:ssi:s : Sknatok Clay 
 
 sure of a respectful hearing, no matter wliat might he 
 his attitude upon any question at issue. 
 
 To recount even parth' the important suhjects in the 
 discussion of which he participated would he to call the 
 roll of all the great debates in the Senate while he was 
 there. I shall content myself with naming but a few, 
 such as the annexation of Hawaii, civil government for 
 the Filipinos, the Philippine tariff, the Railway Mail 
 Service, ship subsidies, the railroad rate bill, the codifica- 
 tion of the penal laws, emergency currency, liability of 
 common carriers to tlieir employees, postal savings 
 banks, the establishment of a Court of Commerce, and, 
 above all, the intricate questions of tariff legislation. In 
 respect of the last named of these his great speech against 
 the Sugar Trust, wherein he showed up in glaring colors 
 the iniquities of that corporation, stands out in bold 
 relief. It was the ablest indictment framed in the public 
 forum against that organization. 
 
 Senator Clay's voice never faltered in proclaiming 
 truth nor in denouncing falsehood. For him there never 
 was, never could be, any compromise between that which 
 was right and that which was merely expedient. "We 
 will never desert principle, even to obtain victory," was 
 his proclamation in one of his speeches against ship 
 subsidy. He was loyal to his Government as he was to 
 his party, which to him stood, to use his own words — 
 
 for absolute justice, etiualily iif rights, t-conomical and lioiu-st 
 govcrnnic'iit, and oiiual oppoi-tunilifs fur all men under and before 
 the law. 
 
 Hut the time allotted me will not allow elaboration or 
 even mention of the long list of great services rendered 
 his State and Nation by the pure-hearted Georgian. Mine 
 is the simple duty and i)rivilege of laying a chaplet of 
 friendship and love upon the bier of a noble and unselfish 
 
 [8Gi 
 
Ai)i)iu:ss (11 Mu. Li:i:, of (ii:()it(ii\ 
 
 t'ricini. Senator Cla\s cliaracli'r may will ho opitomizt'd 
 in the words of one whom he quoted in one of his speeches 
 in the Senate: 
 
 The end of all worthy struggle is to establish morality as the 
 basis of individual and national life, to make righteousness pre- 
 vail, to make justice reign, to spread beauty, gentleness, wisdom, 
 and peace; to widen opportunity, to increase good will, to move 
 in the light of higher thoughts and larger hopes, to encourage 
 science and art, to foster industry and thrift, education and cul- 
 ture, reverence and obedience, purity and love, honesty, sobriety, 
 and disinterested devotion to the common good — this is the 
 patriot's aim, this his ideal. 
 
 [87] 
 
Address or Wk. Edwards, of Georgia 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Occasions like this always mark sad days 
 in recording the proceedings of Congress, and to nio tliis 
 is particularly a sad one. 
 
 We are here to pay this last tribute of respect to the 
 enduring memory of one who was in close fellowship 
 with all of his colleagues in both the Senate and the 
 House; to the memory of one who was admired and 
 honored by thousands and beloved by all who knew him 
 well. To know such a man as we eulogize to-day is not 
 only to honor and admire him, but it is literally to love 
 him for the countless and beautiful traits of his noble 
 character and for the genuine big heartedness that was 
 an unalterable part of him. 
 
 I have listened closely to the eloquent and touching 
 tributes reverently offered here to-day, and at times, in 
 my mind's eye, 1 have again seen, so plainly, the tall 
 impressive form and the sad but kindly face of my 
 departed friend that 1 have almost been moved to speak 
 to him, even though 1 know his ears are forever sealed 
 in death to human voices. So lifelike is the mental pic- 
 ture I have of him to-tiay that 1 can almost see his firm 
 and evenly shaped lips move in speech, as if to give 
 utterance to some lofty argument in defense of the rights 
 of tlie people, whose champion he always was; or as if 
 to speak some word of cheer or of comfort, as if to speak 
 good and not evil, as was his invariable custom. The 
 mental picture of sucli a man and tiie history of such a 
 spotless life is an inspiration to all those wlio have it 
 hung among the oilier great pictures on memory's wall. 
 
 [«8] 
 
A;)iiiu;ss ok Mit. I-'.dwahds, oi (1i:()H(,i\ 
 
 Great men are nol niadf. Hnviroiuiuiil has a great 
 deal to do with making a man, hut truly great men arc 
 born and not made. A great spirit was lorn into this 
 world, on a farm in Cobb County, Ga., on the 25111 day 
 of September, 1853, and that was the late Senator Alex- 
 ander Stephens Clay, to whose imijerishable and loving 
 memory we offer our tender tributes to-day. 
 
 From a farmer boy, after the completion of his edu- 
 cation at Hiawassee College, he became a school-teacher 
 and engaged for a short while in the noble work of 
 training the minds of the young. He studied law, was 
 admitted to the bar in 1877, and was an active prac- 
 titioner of his chosen profession for many years. His 
 worth was soon known by his people. He was elected 
 and served as a member of the city council in Marietta, 
 Ga., and then thrice elected and served in the house of 
 representatives from Cobb County, the county of his 
 birth, in the halls of the Georgia Legislature, in the last 
 term of which service he was elected speaker of the 
 house, in which position he acquitted himself with great 
 credit. True to the people, meriting and holding the 
 respect and confidence of his fellows, with his worth as 
 a public servant more apparent than ever, he was elected 
 to the State senate, and was ciiosen and served as presi- 
 dent of that body, gathering about him increased fame 
 and greater honors in the fearless and able discharge of 
 his duties in that exalted position. That he was a great 
 and true Democrat was evidenced by the early recogni- 
 tion given him as such in his promotion, in 1894, to the 
 high position as chairman of the State Democratic execu- 
 tive committee, in which place he also proved himself 
 worthy. 
 
 There were even greater things in store for this boy 
 from tlie Cobb County farm. He had in this time firmly 
 impressed himself upon the people nol only of his county 
 
 [89] 
 
Mi.MOKiAi, Ai>i)HiiSSEs: Senator Clav 
 
 and senatorial district, but upon the people of the whole 
 State, and the eyes of all Georgia were turned upon 
 " Steve " Clay, as he was affectionately known. So 
 when a vacancy occurred he was elected, in 18%, to the 
 United States Senate, to succeed Gen. John B. Gordon, 
 where he served the people of the Nation with fidelity 
 and signal ability until he was called to a higher oilice 
 in tile great bej'ond. So we see him, a boy on the farm, 
 then a school-teacher, then an earnest advocate at the 
 bar, then a representative in the State legislature, then 
 as speaker of the house, then in the State senate, then 
 as president of the senate, then at the head of the domi- 
 nant political party in Georgia, and lastly in the United 
 States Senate. 
 
 What an inspiration such a career should be to the boys 
 of his State, as they behold the success of this great states- 
 man, as step by step he rose, with his face ever toward 
 the goal of his ambition, to the higliest oflice in the gift of 
 his fellow Georgians. 
 
 That he was a great lawyer, a great man, a great politi- 
 cian, and a great statesman no man will deny. Yea, he 
 was all of this and more, but his greatness did not lie in 
 these alone. He was great in the simplicity of his man- 
 ner and in the sweetness and gentleness of his tender, 
 brave, and courageous heart. He was warm-hearted and 
 sympathetic, ever ready to listen and to aid. He was a 
 tireless worker and was ever ready to respond to the re- 
 quests of his friends when it was in his power to help 
 them. He was a slave to duty, and through his great 
 energj' he was able to accomplish much. Like the great 
 commoner, Alexander Stephen.s, for whom he was named, 
 he was a man of the people, and gave his life in tiie 
 service of the people whom he loved and who loved him 
 and of his country, to which he was devoted and truly 
 patriotic. 
 
 [90] 
 
.\lll)lU:s.S OF Mk. KnWAHDS, of (iEORCIV 
 
 His death, while expected on account of his ill-healtli 
 J'or several months, was nevertheless untimely and sad, 
 and ended the masterful labors of one of Georgia's most 
 beloved and greatest sons and the career of one of the 
 Nation's greatest statesmen. 
 
 Let us therefore tenderly cherish his memory and 
 emulate the virtues of his splendid career in private and 
 public life. 
 
 While he was called hence before he was an old man, 
 yet if life is measured by what men do and accomplish 
 he had both lived long and wrought well. I am sure he 
 passed to his Creator without a complaint or a regret, for 
 he obeyed in the letter and the spirit the invocation — 
 
 So live, that wlu'ii thy suininoiis comes to join 
 The innumerable caravan which moves 
 To that mysterious realm where each shall take 
 His chamber in tlie silent halls of death, 
 Thou go not, like the quarry slave at night. 
 Scourged t<i his dungeon, but sustained and soothed 
 By an unfaltering trust, approach thy grave 
 Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch 
 About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. 
 
 [91: 
 
AnnRFSs of Mr. Birneit, of Alabama 
 
 Mr. Speaker: Alexander Stephens Clay was born a 
 liltic more than seven years before the dark war clouds 
 Ijroke over our beloved South. There were only four 
 months' difference in his age and mine. We were both 
 reared amid the mountains and valleys of that section of 
 the South where wreck and ruin were wrought by both 
 armies during the last two years of that Titanic conflict. 
 To the women and children in country- homes (he hor- 
 rors of war in that unfortunate section bore with hardest 
 and harshest rigor. 
 
 Senator Clay's family weie people in humble life, 
 and to such the gaunt visage of want often appeared 
 while the booming cannons and roaring musketry were 
 heard on every hand. Along the route of the armies, 
 both in Alabama and Cieorgia, many lone cliinmcys 
 attested the truth uttered by ("icn. Sherman, tliat war 
 indeed is hell. 
 
 Amid such scenes as these the youthful Clay was 
 seasoned for the hard race that lay out before him. To 
 the southern coimtrj- boy of those days the only oppor- 
 tunity for acquiring an education was during the two 
 months of July and August, between laying-by time and 
 fodder pulling and sorghum making. Thousands of the 
 brave men who had gone forth in the heyday of youth 
 beneath the Stars and Bars to follow the lead of Lee 
 and Johnston and Cordon had found a soldiei-'s grave 
 among the mountains of Tennessee and the valleys of 
 Virginia. 
 
 Upon the youths at lionic rested to a great extent tiie 
 arduous duties of making bread for the widows and 
 children of those who gave their li\'es in defense of a 
 
 [92] 
 
Addhkss (>i Mk. HriiMMr, oi' Ai.auama 
 
 cause they tliouglit was right and a flag tliey hclicved to 
 be pure. 
 
 hi llie still darker days lliat followed the war the 
 cnihryo Senator, like thousands ol' coinitry boys, was 
 following the j)low and laying the foundation of that 
 mind and heart which afterwards made him the idol of 
 his people, hi spite of all the vicissitudes and privations 
 amid which his early life was spent, the sparks of a laud- 
 able ambition burned brightly in his mind, and he seized 
 every opportunity presented by those strenuous days to 
 acquire an education. Struggling through the country 
 schools, he entered college and accpiired a good educa- 
 tion for the country boy of those days. Having studied 
 law, he at once became a leader in that splendid 
 profession. 
 
 He soon became interested in politics, and when he 
 was but little past 30 years old he was elected to the 
 lower house of the legislature of his State, and in a little 
 while was made the speaker of that body. In 1892 he was 
 called higher by his people and elected to the State sen- 
 ate, of which body he was at once made president. The 
 Democratic Party of the State of (ieorgia, recognizing 
 the splendid elements of leadership in Senator Clay, 
 soon called him to the head of that party in the State. 
 
 But greater honors than even these were in store for 
 this noble son of Georgia. His people knew that in him 
 they had a man of the common people whose every heart- 
 beat was in unison with theirs and whose loyalty to them 
 was never doubted. He knew their conditions, because 
 he was one of them; he sympathized with their adversi- 
 ties, because he himself had felt them; he knew their 
 rough places in life, because he himself had trod them; 
 they confided in him, because he never betrayed their 
 confidence; they followed him, because they knew that 
 in him they had a faithful leader; they loved him, 
 
 i!>3j 
 
MiMoitiAi, Ai)i)Hi:ssi;.s : Sunatoh Ci.av 
 
 because he loved them; tluy iionored him, In'cause he 
 was worthy of their honor. They iioiiored themselves 
 by honoring him with a seat in the United States Senate. 
 
 My acquaintance witli Senator Clay was more intimate 
 than with any otiier Senator except those from my own 
 State. 
 
 One of the splendid navigable streams of Alabama is 
 formed by the junction of two rivers at Rome, Cia. 
 Senator Clay, ever alert to the interests of his people, 
 was always a friend of that river. This river runs 
 through my district, and my interest in improving its 
 navigation brought me in close relations with Senator 
 Clay. 
 
 I always found him in this, as in all his other public 
 duties, active, untiring, intelligent, honest, and courageous. 
 
 He had the faculty of going to the bottom of every 
 important question, and in a short time his great abilitj- 
 was recognized by his colleagues in Die Senate, and he 
 was assigned to some of tiie most important committees 
 of that great body. I have heard that Senator Hanna 
 once said of Senator Clay that, by his active and aggres- 
 sive opposition to the ship-subsidy bill, he gave the Ohio 
 Senator more trouble than any other man in the Senate. 
 
 But ho is gone, and Georgia will miss his great, honest 
 mind and heart, and, with Georgia, the Nation mourns. 
 His family and friends mourn him, not as one who died 
 without hojie of the future, but they kno\\' that he died 
 as he had lived, an honest man and a Christian gentle- 
 man, and that — 
 
 Beyond the sunset's radiant glow, 
 'J'luM'f is a bcttiT land wc know. 
 
 And that in tliat belter land tiie soul of their loved 
 ont — 
 
 Hcsis uiultr flu' sliadc of tlic trees. 
 
 [94] 
 
Address or Mr. Bartlett, oi Georgia 
 
 Mr. Speaker: "Death aims with touler spite at fairer 
 marks," and surch' the Great Destroyer and enemy of 
 man has been busy during the Sixty-first Congress. With 
 silent, sure, and remorseless activity he has gathered 
 abundant liarvest to liis ever-fdling, but ever-unfiikci, 
 garner — the tomb. Since last we met six United States 
 Senators and four Representatives have passed on to — 
 
 Till' undiscoviTt'd country, from whose bourn 
 No travfliT rt-turns — 
 
 and each Sabbatii finds us here in the House paying our 
 tribute to their memories, demonstrating that the fatali- 
 ties amongst tiie Members of this Congress have far ex- 
 ceeded that of any otlier in its history. All that they pos- 
 sessed — station, learning, ability, rank in ofTice — all that 
 they hoped for, could not for a moment stay the hand of 
 the Great Destroyer. Silent, but sure and remorseless, 
 he has heeded neither youth nor age, genius nor learning, 
 poverty nor wealth, tears of relatives and friends nor the 
 cold indifference of strangers. 
 
 It has been well saitl that our life is a fountain fed by a 
 thousand streams that perish if one be dry; it is a silver 
 cord twisted by a tliousand strings that part asunder if 
 one be broken, and death lurks in ambush in all our paths. 
 Among this number of Senators and Representatives who 
 are called away from the Halls of the National Legisla- 
 ture to — 
 
 .loin the innumerahh- caravan which moves 
 To that mysterious reahn where each shall lake 
 His cliamber in tlie silent halls of death — 
 
 :95: 
 
Mi;m()hiai. Ai)i)iti:ssi:s: Sknatoh Cla^ 
 
 was Alexander Stephens Ci.ay, lute a Senator from 
 Georgia. I come to-day to pay my tribute to his memory. 
 
 Born on a farm in the mountain country of Georgia in 
 18.53, when suddenly called from life to eternity in 1910, 
 he had by force of his own character, ability, and energj- 
 and efforts been a member of the council of the city where 
 he resided; representative in the House of Representa- 
 tives of the Legislature of Georgia; speaker of that house; 
 a State senator and president of that body; a United States 
 Senator from that Empire State of the South; then elected 
 by a loyal and devoted constituency for three consecutive 
 terms; truly this is a record of public service which is 
 allotted to but few men, and which should and does 
 demonstrate the worth and character of our dead friend; 
 and when we know he merited all the confidence and 
 trust a generous people of county, district, and State be- 
 stowed upon him, we must say that Senator Clay was a 
 remarkable and a great man. 
 
 In his own biography' in the Congressional Directory he 
 states that he was born on a farm; and from his own lips 
 I have often heard him speak of the arduous labor and 
 toil spent as a boy in order to aid his father and his fam- 
 ily and secure means to educate himself. He was never 
 ashamed of his early trials and struggles. He knew, for 
 he felt as all true and noble men feel, that no manly man 
 should entertain anything of shame in looking back to 
 early struggles with adverse circumstances and no man 
 should feel worthier pride than when he has conquered 
 the obstacles in his path. 
 
 1 had known Senator Clay and been a.ssociated with 
 him for nearly 30 years. When we were both struggling 
 young practitioners at the bar, I first met him in attend- 
 ance upon the supreme court, and during all these years 
 our friendship has been close, warm, and la.sting. 1 was 
 associated with him when we were both members of the 
 
 [96] 
 
Ani)Hi:ss or Mu. Hahti.i:tt, oi (iicoiuiiA 
 
 Georgia Legislature, and I kiuw liiin intimately when he 
 was speaker of the house and i)resident of the senate. 
 As a lawyer, he was industrious, attentive to the husiness 
 intrusted to liini, faithful to his clients, respectful to the 
 court and to its authority; he sought for the truth in a 
 case, and while he did not possess the fire of eloquence 
 that other advocates may have had, yet the sincerity and 
 earnestness of his convictions were such as to earn,' great 
 force to the court and the jury. He soon attained the 
 high position as leader of the har of his section, and the 
 plain, honest, mountain people amongst whom he lived 
 soon became aware of the fact that in his hands their 
 interests in the court were always safe. 
 
 As presiding officer of both house and senate, he was 
 fair, impartial, firm, and just. This is demonstrated by 
 the fact that when his term of office ceased, both as 
 speaker and as president of the senate of Georgia, he 
 had an army of devoted friends all over the State who 
 rallied to him when he became a candidate for the United 
 States Senate and elected him over distinguished and able 
 opponents. 
 
 He came to the United States Senate in 1897. He soon 
 attained a prominent position there, and it was not long 
 before the Senate, witiiout regard to party, realized his 
 merit and his worth, and he was not only respected and 
 admired by all, but loved by many. While Senator Clay 
 was not an orator, whenever he undertook to take part 
 in the debates of the Senate he so thoroughly i)repared 
 himself upon the subject by laborious study of the sub- 
 ject which he undertook to discu.ss that he demonstrated 
 the power of logic and reason which he so eminently 
 possessed. His speech upon the ship-subsidy bill in 
 opposition to that measure, where he met in the arena 
 of debate men of marked ability and learning, distin- 
 guished him as an eminent thinker and debater. His 
 
 95298°— II 7 [97] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Clay 
 
 speech on the tariff bill in 1909, on the subject ol the 
 Sugar Trust, evinced great research and labor, and 
 attracted the attention not only of the Senate, but of 
 the whole country. So efficient were his services in the 
 Senate, so gratified were his friends and the people of 
 the State wluch he represented so ably upon the floor 
 of the Senate, that at no time was there a suggestion of 
 opposition to him, and the people of Georgia would have 
 been content for him to have remained in the Senate 
 as their representative for many years could he have 
 been spared to them. 
 
 Senator Clay was a lovable man. The law of love 
 dwelt abundantly in his heart, and in him was mingled 
 the milk of human kindness. He was most agreeable in 
 his intercoui'se with all men. He had patience, courtesy, 
 love of truth and justice, and above all, courage to do 
 what he believed to be right. Unlike many men in high 
 office, he did not hesitate to do the small things for his 
 friends. The details of the departments, items of local 
 legislation, for the erection of public buildings in small 
 towns, appropriations for rivers and harbors upon the 
 small navigable streams, these and a multitude of similar 
 detail matters were given earnest and prompt attention 
 by Senator Cl.\y for his constituents, and in endeavoring 
 to aid the Representatives from his State, as though they 
 were of the most vital importance. 
 
 Strong and robust and healthy when he came to the 
 Senate, a long life of service and duty was promised him, 
 but without warning some two years ago he was taken ill. 
 Probably, if he had taken the advice of friends and 
 physicians, he might have prolonged his life, but he 
 deemed it his (kity to remain at his post in the Senate 
 and to represent his constituents, and heedless of the 
 advice of friends, family, and physicians he stood at 
 his post daily representing his people and performing 
 
 [98] 
 
AuuKEss or Mii. H.\Hri.i;ri'. or CiLOIuwa 
 
 his duties, and when hv went honu' tlic strain was greater 
 than nature could hear, and tlie silver cord was broken, 
 and he has left us. 
 
 He was a most loyal and faithful husband, a fond, 
 indulgent, and alVectionate father, and a true and unfal- 
 tering friend. He was loved by the people where he 
 lived, and thousands gathered around his tomb when we 
 buried him, and the whole countr}- wept. He died when 
 little advanced beyond the prime of life, but his success 
 is equal to that of the favored ones of the day. He 
 accomplished much, he acquired success, friends, and 
 the confidence of all who knew him. When he was so 
 suddenly called away from us and all these, the past 
 yielded to him a great deal of gratifying retrospection, 
 the present offered the richest elements of happiness, and 
 the future beckoned and called him to high honor and 
 ample resources of enjoyment. 
 
 What a noble example has Senator Clay set for the 
 young men of his State! True diligence, industry in 
 business, regularity and loyalty in every undertaking, 
 honesty and uprightness in all his conduct with his fel- 
 low man both in private life and public station, surely 
 this is the basis of our social relations. This was the 
 secret by which he achieved so great a success, and it 
 should be an example on which the young men of our 
 country should be proud to form themselves, an example 
 that refutes the dull maxim of idleness and profligacy, 
 and points out the sure and true road and the only high- 
 way in the Republic to honor, fortune, and reputation. 
 
 The life of Senator Clay thus ended teaches us that 
 there is a land elsewhere than tiiis where the souls of 
 such men go and live in immortality, for — 
 
 Such men are not forgot as soon as dead; 
 Their fragrant memory will outlast their tomb, 
 Embalmed forever in its own perfume. 
 
 [99] 
 
MivMiiiuAL Addrksses: Senator Ci.av 
 
 Wc shall not see him again in this life, but we hope 
 and believe — yea, we know — that in a glorious city, a 
 great and distant city, he has entered a mansion incor- 
 ruptible, " not made with hands, eternal in the heavens." 
 Our friend, as we do, believed in — 
 
 That God which ever lives and loves, 
 
 One God, one law, one element, 
 
 And one far-off divine event 
 To which the whole world moves. 
 
 
 1100] 
 
 LB Mr '12