ILLUSTRATED COMPLETE INSTRUCTIONS AND PRACTICAL SOLDERING SUG- GESTIONS FROM USERS OF OKORpDE, J '"THE BEST SOLDERING PASTE IN THE WORLD" THEM.W.DUNTONCO. PROVIDENCE W » I • * \J»&»/\* If you own or drive an automobile you will surely want to know how a good job of soldering should be done. This book will tell you many new ways to keep your car in service or to repair other cars. SOLDERING KINKS PUBLISHED BY THE M. W. DUNTON CO. 150-152 NIAGARA STREET PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND FOURTH EDITION COPYRIGHTED 1919 BY THE M. W. DUNTON COMPANY PROVIDENCE, R. I. U. S. A. INDEX Pages AEROPLANES. Fastening Wire Strands 20 AUTOMOBILES. Adjusting Speed of Vibrator 80 Bracing Ford Radiators 61 Changing Single to Double Con- tact Lamps 38 Closing Cracks in Auto Body 39 Cracks in Stanley Steam Pipe 34 Dents in Metal Pipes 35 Flaws in Reliner Cores 70 Gasoline Feed Pipe-- 3 6, 87 Gasoline Priming Bottle 39 Gasoline Tanks '17 Grease Gun ••••■••.• How to Solder a Metal Float in Carburetor .- 109 Handy Holder for Chauffeurs Li- cense Oil Leaks in Crank Cases 66 Platinum Points • 59 Repairing Aluminum Gear Case. . 4U Repairing a Burned Commutator.. 91 Repairing a Carburetor 86 Soldering Cylinders 37 Soldering Iron for Commutator... 81 Soldering Aluminum 33 So'dering ' on Hard Rubber 37 Soldering Radiators 33, 36, 38, 39 Starting Bolts in Difficult Places.. 34 Taking Knock out of a Ford 79 Termials 01 Ignition Wires 65 Waterproofing Hoods 60 CAMPERS. Nesting Cooking Utensils 114 Repairing Fishing Rod 43 ELECTRICITY. Repairing Armatures 106 Applying Heat 52 Novel Way of Soldering Fine Wires 106 An Improved Splicing Sleeve .... 100 Armature Coils 37 Attaching Broken Wire to Lug 83 Balancing Voltmeter 30 Bolting Box on Compensator ....104 Blowpipe Attachment to Soldering Copper °7 Broken Fan 63 Broken Lamp D'omes 99 Cable Splicing 29 Commutator Risers 16, 19, 23, 57 Condensers 22 Coi meeting Small Cables 51 Convenient Terminal Connector. . . 25 Corrode Proof Connections 85 Corroded Cables 29 Dry Batteries 23 Dynamo Brushes 29 Fishing Conduit 25 Fixture Connections 30 Flash Lights 49 Good and Poor Joints 9 Grooved Copper for Heavy Wires. . 23 Handy Lug 57 Handy Test Clips 81 Holders for Flux 27, 62,67 How to Make a Slider for a Tun- ing Coil 105 Induction Coils 79 Magnet Spools 12 Pages Protector while Soldering Electri- cal Instruments 100 Protecting Wire Insulation 70 Repairing Lighting Fixtures 87 Smoke and Fire Protector 49 Solder Connections 61 Soldering Enameled Wire 82 Soldering without injuring Lac- quer 108 Soldering Fine Wire to Large Parts 58 Soldering Carbon 58 Soldering Copper Clad Wire .... 65 Solderless Connectors 24, 57 Soldering Small Wires 56 Soldering Switch Contacts to Bolts 76 Soldering Wire Connection to Bind- ing Post 84 Spattering Solder 27 Splices 65 Tapping Large Cables 40 Terminal Lugs 25, 27,65 To Securely Fasten a Switch Lever Screw to Base 99 Transformers 21 GENERAL DIRECTIONS ...7 to 9 One Dollar in Cash for Solder Kinks 5 HOUSEHOLD A Home-Made Gas Furnace 98 Broken Treasure Saved by Solder- ing 93 Cheap Flash Light 69 Convenient Daubers 55, 57, 70 Cracked Cast Iron Radiator 06 Drinking Fountain for Chickens. . 84 Grounding Wire Fences 59 How to Make Tight Ferrule for Screwdriver Handle 106 How to do Side-Soldering 104 How to Remove Heat Tarnish.... 95 Lamp Domes That Have to be Re- soldered 99 Leaky Roofs 30 Mould for Solder 60 Position Dots on Stringed Instru- ments 83 Removing Solder from Clothes. ... 108 Repairing Aluminum 56 Repairing Enamel Ware 56 Repairing Hole in Boiler 49 Repairing Jewelry 13, 69, 76 Repairing Knife Handle 61 Repairing Fountain Pen 88 Soldering Coffee Pot Hinge 13 Soldering Granite Ware 10 Soldering Hole in Tin Pan 10 Soldering Hole in Galvanized Pan 10 So'dering on Buttons 67 Soldering with Electric Sad Iron.. 92 Strengthening Seams 55 ILLUSTRATIONS. Agateware Can be Soldered 54 All but the Propeller 53 All Types of Cars Need Occasion- al jobs of soldering 102 Boys Have no End of Fun 48 Everyone Can Solder 32 Handy in the Office 41 Here's a Job for the Solderkit... 11 Make Your Magnet Spools 12 GH5347X1 ^Cl 17 1919 INDEX Pages Making a Condenser 22 Repairing a Machine 78 Repairing Electric Fixture 90 Saving his Bicycle 64 Soldering Commutator Risers 16 Solder Kit in Camp 101 Stopping a Leak in Metal Roof... 77 Teaching the Boys to be Useful.. 31 The Fan Was "Busted" 63 This Lady sa\ ed the price of a Xew Dipper 47 The Solder Iron (Some of it- Man v Uses) 15 Wanted:— A 70-Volt Tap 21 When the Door Bell Fails 42 With the American Forces in France 112 Wounded Soldiers Making Toys... Ill MECHANICAL. Adjustable Soldering Stand 96 Applying Solder Smoothly 13 Bench Heaters 18 Band Saws 68 Building up Worn Slot in Machine Screw 107 Cool Soldering Iron Handle 107 I/riving Fits 43 Extending Machine Tap 45 Fastening Machines to Concrete. . . 43 Fixing Worn Teeth of Cog-Wheel 94 Filling Drill Holes in Castings... 96 Fixing Worn Part of Rocking Lever 97 Filling Pit Holes in Castings 99 Generating Blow Torches 81 Increasing Factory Output 17, 67 Improving Soldering Iron 28 Lamp Cord used as Belt 86 Lock Nuts 45 Locking in Transmission 11 Making Charcoal Stoves 80 Mending File 17 Model Making 53 Pliers as Bench Vise 45 Preserving Tinning on Soldering Copper 19, 35 Preventing Hot Solder from Drop- ping 55 Process for Tinning Wire 19 Putting on Name Plates 26 Removing Broken Screw 13 Repairing Oil Can 14 Repairing Tooth in Gear 17 Replacing Wear on Machinery Parts 108 Repairing a Worn Shaft 95 Replacing a Tap or Die 44 Selfheating Soldering Copper 103 Soldering a Tube to a Flat Sur- face 103 Soldering Belt Lacings 51 Soldering Leaf Copper Brush 76 Soldering Clamps 62 Soldering Point on Blow Torch... 26 Soldering Short Pieces 14 Soldering Small Work to Lathe Face Plate 84 Soldering Pipe Into a Tank 94 Stopping a Weld 14 Sweating Process 80 Sweating Wheel on Shaft 69 Tinning Small Brass Tubing 86 Pages Tinning tool- to Prevent Rusting. 85 Tinning Without Solder 14 Tightening Machine Parts is MOTORCYCLES Bracing Spokes 56 Cyclometer Striker 35 Holding a Filler Cap 60 Repairing a Carburetor 46 Soldering with Hot Engine 33 Taking up Wear 51 Soldering Cap on Bicycle Pump.. 88 PLUMBING. A Simple Charcoal Furnace 98 Compositions of Solder 75 Connecting Bra-- and Lead Pipes 14 Connecting Pipe to Sheet Metal.. 26 Handy Solder Tray 107 Improving Soldering Iron Handle.. 88 Makeshift Plumbers Trap 92 Repairing Faucet 68 Repairing Lead Pipe 63 Repairing Leaky Valve 85 Repairing Broken Water Pipe.. 52, 79 Safety holder Pot Rest 91 Surface Cleaners 89 Sold. Ting Copper Sheets together.. 89 Stopping Leaks in Gas Fixtures... 55 Wiping Joint- 71, 75 TELEPHONES. Bonded Rail Joints 60 Break in Receiver 28 Cross-Talks 50 Drop Wire- 23 Fault Finder 46 Ground Connections 50, 52, 58, 103, 105 Making Condenser 59 Muffling Bells 50 Railway Telephony 28 Repairing Generators 66 Replacing Lo:k Washers 51 Lineman's Torch 24 Making Joints 66 Repairing Bell Circuit on Tele- phone 100 Repairing Induction Coils 62 Rusty Joints 24, 29 Saving Rusty Wires 44 One Dollar in Cash WILL BE PAID YOU FOR EVERY NEW AND ORIGINAL IDEA ON SOLDERING THAT IS PRACTICAL. If you can do anything with a Soldering Iron, no matter what, write us, giving as good a description as possible; if the suggestion is one that we can publish we will send you $1.00 in cash. We Want to help the boys at the bench. The suggestion need not of neces- sity require the use of NOKORODE, but must be something that will help the other fellow. DEDICATED TO "THE BOYS WHO SOLDER," PUBLISHED WITH THE VIEW TO HELP THE "OTHER FELLOW." This book is written with the desire to help all who may be in any way interested in soldering, and is the outcome of the shop notes "Soldering Kinks" com- piled with the assistance of valuable suggestions fur- nished by men of experience all over the country. It explains all processes in the simplest way so that a beginner can understand every step taken, and at the same time suggest methods to improve and in- crease the factory output of those who make their liv- ing by soldering, or who find the knowledge useful or economical about the house, car, motor boat, etc. "Soldering News" published in the form of posters so that they may be tacked over the work bench for the benefit of the "Boys who Solder," many thou- sands of which have been issued semi-annually, have endeavored to tell new and improved methods of us- ing solder, never before published, ideas originating in the minds and shop methods of men of experience in all kinds of work, to whicn contributors we are gratefully indebted. Latest issue of "Soldering News" in poster form containing from 20 to 25 of the latest suggestions for soldering, together with a sample of Nokorode Sol- dering Paste, will be sent to those interested on re- ceipt of 10 cents in stamps to pay for cost of postage, and labor of mailing. DO NOT CONFUSE THE POSTER WITH THE BOOK THE M. W. DUNTON CO. The Art of Soldering Soldering is an art, but the art of soldering is a very simple one. . . , j u^« There are but four essential principles, and when these are followed, anyone can, after a little practice, do as good work as the most experienced workman. The four principles of soldering are as follows : (i) The soldering iron must be kept clean and well tinned. , (•?) A good soldering flux must be used. (3) The metals to be soldered must be thoroughly cleaned, before the joint is made (4) The joint must be heated above the melting point of the solder. Soldering requires heat. You may use a gas stove, coal stove, or a gasoline torch Any of these will work satisfactorily. Soldering irons cannot be heated properly in the yellow or illuminating flame of the gas because it smokes the soldering iron, and also because it is not hot enough. . „ . It needs a blue flame, the same as given oil by a gas stove, but a good clean coal fire will do. To heat the soldering iron, slip the pointed end down through the hole in the center of the burner of an ordinary gas stove so that the blue flame comes in contact with the large end of the iron. This method of heating does not burn the solder from the iron so quickly and the iron keeps hot longer. , To heat the iron in the ordinary cook stove, be sure to have a clean coal fire. Put the iron through the broiling door in such a way that the tin on the iron is protected from the flame by the lining of the stove. This leaves only the large end of the iron exposed to the fire. This method will save burning off the tin- ning. If you have no gas stove or convenient method of heating your iron, a gasoline torch would be ideal. . . , To tell when the soldering iron is hot enough, try it by putting the solder to the point. If the solder melts as soon as it touches the iron it is hot enough and ready to use. If the iron is overheated the tin- ning will be burned oft and it must be retirmed, or if the end of the iron becomes black and the black will not wipe off the iron needs retinning. To retin a soldering iron if the tinning gets burned off, rub it on a clean brick, sand paper, emery cloth, or file to brighten the surfaces, and if it is badly- pitted file it smooth. Then heat it under anv of the methods suggested and put on a suitable soldering flux, rubbing on the solder, at the same time going over all four sides of the iron while it is still hot, and wipe them on an old cloth. This makes the soldering point of the iron look bright and shiny, the color of new tin. Your soldering iron must be kept in this condition if you wish to do good work, and the cleaner and better the iron is kept, the better the class of work you will be able to do. The metals to be soldered together must be thor- oughly cleaned by scraping with a piece of emery cloth or a file. With the iron properly heated and the metals ready to be joined, the next step and the most essen- tial one in the entire operation is the use of the right kind of a soldering flux. For ordinary work this flux should be in the form of a paste, which can be applied with a stick or a brush, or the end of the solder, and apply it to the parts to be soldered. In selecting your paste be sure you get one that is non-corrosive, that will solder all metals, that is tiior- oughly made, so that each particle that you pick up on the head of a pin has all the elements of the flux ; one that is being made carefully all the time. There are ^ fluxes on the market that are made so carelessly that they are one preparation one day and something different the next. Be sure to buy a flux that you can rely upon. If it can be done the best results will be obtained by holding the hot soldering iron underneath the parts to be soldered, and remember both sides of the ioint to be soldered must be heated alike to make *>- good joint. The solder is then held on the top, and as the heat rises it melts the flux, which should flow to every part of the joint, and later the solder melts and flows as far as the flux, making a perfect joint. For this reason a flux that will flow a longer dis- tance is the best to use on most classes of work. Where it is impossible to apply the heat from below, good work can be obtain d by keeping the iron on top, provided you are careful to get the parts to be soldered hotter than the melting point of the solder. When the solder has run freely take your solder- ing iron away and let the parts soldered get cold. If the joint is given a slight tap while the solder is still hot the surplus will be shaken off and a clean- looking joint will be the result, but in doing this be careful not to separate the joint. If the solder looks bunchy, while it is still warm take a cloth with a little of the flux on it and rub it over quickly. This will make a clean, smooth joint. Practice makes perfect. You can learn to solder as well as anyone. If the first job is not perfect, do not get discour- aged. You are bound to get good results eventually. I show below the difference between a good joint and a poor one. Good Jot nt Poor Joint There are three troubles with the poor joint shown above. (i) Wises should be cleaned by scraping before tfce joint is made. (2) A good soldering flux should be put on tc the top of the joint before the heat is applied. (3)' The joint is not hot enough; the soldering iron should have been held underneath to let the heat rise. IMPORTANT ^~; * Many "Bench Workers" take the hot iron from the fire and immediately plunge it into a solution of Sal Ammoniac and water, before doing each job of sol- dering, to "keep it bright and well tinned." This is very bad practice, as Sal Ammoniac is made from Sulphuric Acid and Ammonia, either of which would cause corrosion in short order. The best bath for a soldering iron is a solution of one part of Nokorode Salts cut with eight parts' water (distilled 11 if possible). When this solution is used no corrosion will appear. 9 HOW TO SOLDER A HOLE IN A TIN PAN While the soldering iron is heating, clean the hole in the pan with emery cloth enclosed, and rub a little No- korode around the hole on the inside of the pan; hold the point of the soldering iron against the hole on the outside of the pan, place solder on inside where Noko- rode is. When the pan is hot enough, the solder will melt and cover the hole. If the hole is too large to sol- der, put on a patch. as follows: With a pair of scissors, cut a piece of tin out of an old can which is not rusty; have the piece quite a little larger than the hole. While the soldering iron is heating thoroughly, clean the patch on both sides, and around the hole in pan, with emery cloth, then rub both with Nokorode. Have pan right side up so patch will be inside. Now place the tin patch over hole on inside of pan with hot iron outside of pan underneath hole and hold stick solder inside on edge of patch As it be- gins to melt move the solder completely around patch, or use more Nokorode and solder and cover entire patch. If the article to be mended is either a galvanized iron, or plain iron, brass or copper kettle, the same in- structions apply, except that the hole must be first tin- ned, that is, a light coating of Nokorode and hot solder must be put around the hole and thoroughly wiped over with a cloth to which Nokorode has been applied. If a patch is necessary, be sure to tin patch also, then proceed as direced for a tin pan. HOW TO SOLDER GRANITE AND ENAMELED WARE Scrape off the rough edges of enamel around the hole 1-4 inch or more, according to size of leak, brighten the metal underneath with emery cloth, and apply Nokorode. Turn pan right side up, and apply a thoroughly heated soldering iron, underneath the hole, place stick of solder on inside of pan, and when metal is hot enough solder will melt and cover the hole. This place may be coated with bath tub enamel and allowed to thoroughly harden. This will prevent rusting and give a neat finish. All soldering and patches must be on inside of pan where there is moisture to keep it from melting' otherwise heat from fire will melt the solder and it will drop off. Here's a job for the Solderkit! This is en actual snapshot of an Experimental Engineer "locking" one of the bearing sleeves of the transmission for a model submarine. This job was performed quickly, easily and thoroughly with the aid of Nokorode. A well-tinned cop- per, made very hot, "sweated" the solder into the space be- tween the sleeve and plate in less than a minute without ta- king the transmission apart. This job was one of the most trying and difficult ones the Laboratory Staff of Everyday Engineering Magazine could conceive of. To take the transmission apart after having lined up the bearings would mean loss of time; the bearing sleeve was loose in the plate; the Nokorode did the trick with one heat of the copper and a generous application of Nokorode Soldering Paste. — Everyday Engineering Magazine Experiment Station Make Your Magnet Spools with Nokorode For experimental electro-magnets, motor field bobbins, etc. cut lengths of brass tubing or roll up tubes of tin to desired length; scribe and cut sheet brass or tin washers to fit tubes; apply Nokorode Soldering Paste inside and out; sweat solder with good, hot copper, until solder runs through the joint; wipe clean before quite cold, and your job is done. It will not corrode, warp or come loose. —Everyday Engineering Magazine Experiment Station. 12 TO SOLDER THE HINGE ON A COFFEE OR TEA POT (Except when made of Silver.) While the soldering iron is heating, thoroughly clean both parts to be soldered. Hold hot iron to parts about three minutes, taking care not to melt other soldered joints near it. Very quickly dip the stick of solder into can of "Xokorodc" and apply to joint while holding soldering iron to parts. Remove iron quickly. Remember that Aluminum cannot be soldered articles of Silver and Gold should not be attempted and I Soldering Kink No. 7 An Easy Way to Apply Solder Smoothly. A good way to tin the surface of a piece of metal is to first clean it, apply a little Nokorode and attach to it in several places, small lots of solder, then use a stick or brush that has been dipped into the flux and spread the solder by brushing it while hot. G. A. BUZZELL. Soldering Kink No. 38 Removing a Broken Machine Screw. To remove a small machine screw when the head is broken off, take a small soldering copper and tin the broken part of the screw, being careful not to get solder on the other parts. Then take a machine screw that is a trifle larger than the broken one, file the end bright and tin it. Sweat the two screws together with solder and when it cools a screwdriver will turn out the broken screw. GERTRUDE M. BENDER, Utica, N. Y.. "Popular Mechanics." Soldering Kink No. 29 To Solder Enameled Tie Pins. The pin of an enameled tie pin or badge coming loose it may be soldered as follows: Clean pin on end next to the plat;:, also clean back of enameled plate, apply Nokorode and wi'.h a moderately heated soldering iron apply a thin coat of solder to each, then place it in right position and touch iron to bad: of pin only, leaving it there long enough to barely sweat the joint together. Care should be taken not to leave iron on pin very long at a time as too much heat might crack the enamel. GLENN METCALF, Blandinsville, 111. 13 Soldering Kink No. 6 To Tin Small Work Without Solder. The following will be found quite handy at limes in soldering small pieces Thoroughly clean each piece and apply the flux to each separately, then place between them a small piece of pure tin foil. Apply the heat and a perfect joint can be made. G. A. T EFFT. Soldering Kink No. 5 Soldering Metal Fixtures to Lead Pipe. A cone-shaped piece of strong asbestos sheathing fastened on a piece of copper, iron or brass tubing, as shown in Fig. I, allows enough solder to to be built up around the point where the two pieces of tubing are to be j joined, to assume the shape shown in Fig. 2. This mass of solder can be filed or rasped into the form shown in Fig. 3. Besides being a reinforcement, this joint is more uniform in shape and thickness than the joint ordinarily made with the soldering iron. Instead of the soldering iron a blowtorch can be used, the joint first being tinned and then pieces of melted solder dropped into the asbestos cone and heated to the requisite degree for forming a joint. POPULAR MECHANICS. Soldering- Kink No. 54 For Soldering Small Pieces at Both Ends. I am a user and admirer of your soldering paste, Nokorode. The other day 1 chanced to pick up a copy of your Soldering Kinks, and having a little kink in mind that lias saved me time I thought I would give it to the boys. In soldering small pieces at both ends one often lias trouble with the first end unsoldering. Take a strip of cloth (preferably wool), dampen it and wrap it around the end first soldered and one will have little trouble with the heat melting the solder off. L. C. WESLEDER. Soldering Kink Xo. 52. To Repair Spout on Gil Can or Gun. Don't throw your oil can away when the spout is loose. Wash it thoroughly with gasoline Then put spout in place, clean thoroughly, apply Nokorode, also a heavy coat of solder all around the spout, seeing that it "sticks" all around. This will make your old can or gun as good as a new one. GLENN METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 53. Stopping a Weld. A weld can be stopped at any point by placing a piece of paper in between the pieces just before they are brought to a welding heat. The metal will not run together where the A. S. THOMAS, "Popular Mechanics." paper is placed. \A The Soldering Iron is the handiest ancTmott useful tool in the experi- menter's workshop. With it you can make many things without the need, of ex- pensive and elaborate tools; it will actually take the place of taps, dies and even that almost indispensible tool - the lathe. You know how trying it is to make solder "flow;" to make it "sweat" so thoroughly into the joint that the union is almost as strong as if it were brazed. You know how difficult it is to remove acid flux from a delicate job you have done. You know what corrosion will do inside the windings of an induction coil or transformer. The use of Nokorode will avoid all these troubles and give a quicker, better and stronger joint. — Everyday Engineering Magazine Experiment Station 15 The commutator risers of the large generator shown in the illustration were actually soldered in three heats with a soldering copper weighing only one-fourth of a pound and Nokorode Soldering Paste. —Everyday Engineering Magazine Experiment Station 16 Seldcrruit, Kink No. 56 Repairing a Broken Tooth in a Registering Machine. It was my work in a certain shop to take care of a few registering ma- chines in which two cast iron gears were employed, and usually when one of these machines came into the shop for repairs it was found that a tooth had let go in one of these gears. I put on so many new ones that 1 feared for the company's investment. After I had about a dozen on the shelf for this trouble, an idea struck me; why not put a new tooth in to replace a broken one; so I immediately got busy with the milling machine and milled a dovetailed slot in gear just below the broken tooth, with this I took a piece of brass the same thickness as the gear and cut out a tooth with a dovetailed base, to fit the slot in gear. Upon tinning the joint with solder and "Nokorode" and sweating the same I found that I had a gear which answered the purpose nicely, there not being a great deal of strain on the ge-r when m use. LAWRENCE GO^DHTJF Soldering Kink No. 70 A Mended File and a Finished Job. Recently I had several hundred small brass castings to iile out and during the operation I had the mis- fortune to break the iile through cramping. Not having an- other around the shop and not being in a position to secure one at once, I hit upon the plan of soldering tne broken one together. I first tinned over the two broken stubs about a quarter of an ineh back by the use of "Nokorode" and a soldering iron, being careful not to draw the temper too much. Next I rolled up a little piece of sheet brass and slipped it over the break. Then proceeded to apply the "Nokorode" and solder the whole together. I was surprised at the way the solder flowed, as the file was not cleaned in any way before the operation, and by careful use I managed to complete the job and am enclosing the sample for examination. I think this same idea might be applied to flat files as well as round. H. C. WING. Soldering Kink No. 9 A Time Saver to Increase Speed m Bench Work. To solder small parts quickly and save the time required to pick up iron or sold,., make a stand f.om two pieces of Load nailed at ng.it angles, fasten one end to the bench and in the upright, at a con- venient height, make a hole of sufficient size to hold the solder, then by holding the parts to be soldered in the left hand and the soldering iron in the right the upright will act as an assistant and always hold the solder just where it is most convenient. 17 Soldering Kink No. 20 Soft Solder for Tightening Machine Parts. It is not generally considered workmanlike to use soft solder in con- nection with machine parts, but an exception may be made in tightening up the parts of loose fixtures. For example, if the driving gear on lha spindle of a lathe is so light that it does not afford a good support for the key, the gear, key and spindle may be tinned and heated sufficiently to melt the solder which sweats the parts solidly together and holds the gear firmly in its place. Such a job will last almost as long as the various parts and will save all the lost energy and wear that accompany loose, rattling machinery. POPULAR MECHANICS. Soldering Kink No. 21 Bench Heater for Two Soldering irons. The solder pot described here is used suspended above the work bench) be used from arranged that eaving the It space free and unobstructed. either side of the bench and when not in use, the gas is turned out automatically, only a pilot flame burning. The method of opera- tion is as follows: By inserting the soldering iron by pushing in the door (G) the lever (H) outside of the pot pulls on chain (D) which opens valve (B). "When the irons are not in the fire, the doors G are closed automatically by the spring A which shuts off the gas. C is a ring through which the chain passes. I is the rest for the soldering irons when being heated. J is the burner. E and F are the pipes leading to the pilot flame and burner re- spectively. The position of neither door interferes with the operation of the other, when either door is open the heater is working. H. PICCARD. Soldering Kink No. 22 Sweating ^ Tmne4 ~\ .Wroirf 1 lrorl P/Jc J ■Tinnl \4/ Shells IP* 77^ S_l e fesSurnef Sweating Process: — Take a piece of wrought iron about 5-16" x A" x 6" or according to the size of the work. Finish one side of the plate even and bright. Now coat the bright side with Nokorode paste, then apply the solder; heat the plate evenly over the gas burner; then rub the solder over all. Be careful not to over-heat the solder. Place plate about four inches over the bench. Four nails five inches long will do for legs driven into the bench one inch. Regulate the gas burner so as only to keep the solder in molten con- dition. The work to be sweated must be trimmed on the edges very nicely, then dip the same in some of the soldering solution which may be made of Nokorode salts cut with water to the strength required, and place it on the plate to be coated on the edge; move the pieces around before it is taken off. Put them evenly together in the tongs or holder and sweat over the gas burner OTTO CARLBORG. 8 Soldering Kink No. 16 Scheme for Preserving Tinning On Soldering Co p pe fS — We have found by cutting a couple of pieces of ordin- ary iron pipe the length of the gas furnaces and about two inches in diameter, and placing them in the furnaces where the irons were ordinarily placed, we had an oven that would completely protect our irons. It seems that the pipes prevent the corrosive action of the gas and flame, from acting on the soldering irons and ihus preserve the tinning. We have had such remarkable results with this simple device, that I wish (o pass it on to the rest of the boys who have, no doubt used many a strong word when th?y went to solder a jumper and found the tin all burned from their irons. ' . ' ,. DAVENPORT, "Telephony." Soldering Kink No. 17 Better than Electric Soldering: — I have tried a number of different kinds of heating devices while soldering armature coils to commutator bars and also when putting band wires on, and have failed to find anything that answers the purpose so well as the one I am now using. I took a heating unit of an old discarded tailor's iron; and after doing some repair work on the unit itself, I cut several thicknesses of heavy asbestos board into just the shane of the top of the unit. Putting plenty of shellac between these, I placed them on top of the unit to protect the hand from excessive heat. In making a handle I raised it about twice as far away from the iron as such handles usually are. This is proving to be the most useful tool I have ever found for sweating-in armature leads, and soldering on band wires. W. A. HINES. Electrical Review and Western Electrician. Soldering Kink No. 18 Process for Tinning Wire Spon/ of fV/r-f Wiper Wt'hdmg ' JSohtrn &J Burner Put a spool of bright copper, brass or iron wire on a pin or bar so it revolves; then pull the end of the wire under the grooved roller in the soldering flux, which may be made of one part Nokorode Salts cut with 8 parts distilled water. Next pull the wire under the grooved rolls in the melting pot, then through the wiper made of soft woolen cloth and fasten the end of the wire to the bobbin. Turn the crank and the process is in operation. Heat the tin in the melting pot, so it hardly chars a stick of soft wood and regulate the gas to maintain an even heat. Keep enough fluid in the cup so it covers 1-3 of the diameter of the grooved roller. Keep enough tin in melting pot so that 1-3 of th- diameter of the rollers is in the metal. OTTO CARLBORG 19 Soldering Kink No. 8 M. W. Dun Ion Company, Providence, Rhode Island. Dear Sirs : We are sending you under separate cover, copy of the American Wire Rope News. You may be intere ted in reference made to your " Nokorode " soldering paste on page 5. Our peoole have found this very useful in our own works and we were glad to give you n little free advertising, in as much as this publication has been mailed to 100,000 users of Wire Rope and Strand. Very truly yours. AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE CO.. Elec. & Wire Rope Dept. C. W. BASSETT. Sales Agent. For Use on Aeroplanes. The well known wire rope open-socket of a small, light pattern is here shown fastened to a stay strand. To attach this socket the soldered end of the stay strand is passed through the socket, two or three wraps of fine, lough wire are made about the strand as illustrated at (a). The wires are then untwisted, cleaned wilii benzine and doped with Nokorode soldering paste. The strand is drawn back into the bowl of the socket until the ends of the wires are flush with the large end of the socket bowl. Molten spelter is then poured into the socket and adhering to the wire which cannot be pulled through the socket (b). By the use of open sockets, stays may fee fitted complete of the proper length and readily attached or detached as occasion requires. AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE CO. Soldviag Kink No. 10 Method of Making Strong and Neat Stay Strand Fastening. The illustrations explain the method of making a very strong and neat stay strand fastening. The short end of the strand, afler passing through the eye is temporarily tied to the main part with string or wire if necessary. Tough annealed iron wire or soft brass wire used for seizing is first laid into the groove between the two parts of strand. About three inches from the eye, the seizing wire is given a right angle b»nd and the wrapping begun (a) ; the ends of the seiz- ing wire are twisted together (b) and laid against the seiz- ing (c). The wires in the short projecting end of strand are next loosened or opened by pinching with pliers (c). This is done in order that the solder may adhere to the wires and form a knob that cannot pull out of the seizing. The entire seized fastening is then cleaned with benzine, coated with Nokorode solder- in paste, and heavily soldered (d). If the surface of tinned or galvanized stay wire or strand has been scratched in securing it to eye-bolts, rust spots will soon appear, especially as the moisture settling on the stay runs down and collects on the fastening itself. It is therefore a wise precaution to paint all stay fastenings with black asphaltum paint or turpentine japan. AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE CO., Wire Rope News. 20 i""""— ■^■H { ! ^■HbbBbb fiBS '■' y ^Bl| jy ; |H mororode's6Loerkit]JHB 5 • j WANTED —A 70 VOLT TAP The transformer was wound for 1 10 volts. Its owner moved to the "D. C. District" where he had to use a "rotary" giving only 70 volts. He had either to rewind the transformer, make a step-up converter for it, or tap its primary at the proper turn. The last named expedient proved easy with the aid of No- korode. The insulation was bared at the outside turn of the second layer from the top. A piece of flexible lamp cord held against the bare copper, a touch of NOKORODE Paste, the applica- tion of the hot , soldering copper, and the job was finished. —Everyday Engineering Magazine Experiment Station 21 MAKING A CONDENSER The task was a difficult one, but was accomplished with the aid of Nokorode Soldering Paste. Solder was "flowed" on the edges of the condenser plates to connect the sheets of tinfoil which were placed between mica plates. Nokorode has helped us through so many "impossible" tasks that it is looked upon as the experimenter's Aladdin's Lamp, --Everyday Engineering Magazine Experiment Station 22 Soldering Kink No. 31 To Solder Negative Pole on Dry Cell. " Often the negative binding post on a dry cell ORV CELL t gets loose and drop$ off. Don't throw it away but I do as follows : Pull cardboard cover off, clean zinc 1 shell of battery where terminal belongs, dip terminal J in muriatic acid, place on edge of battery apply a little Nokorode and solder." GLENN METCALF, Blandinsville, HI. Soldering Kink No. 1 \ Grooved Copper, Good for Soldering Heavy Wires. 1 had some trouble in soldering small insulated wires, usually of No. 18 B. & S. Gauge lo line wires. To make the joint I was in tne habit of removing the insulation from the small wire over a length of six or eight inches and winding it tightly around the larger wire after cleansing both wires thoroughly with sandpaper. Usually a good hot coppe:, applied to this with proper flux would make the solder stick, but if soiucr was applied before the joint was hot, much ran to the lower sid. of the copper and dripped off, or if the work was in some inconvenient place the copper often was loo much cooled before we could get in position. Under these con- ditions solder often sticks only on one side, or in scattered spots. I cured my trouble by filing a small groove ... e . . g== 1^. ar,-0 ss my copper iust back of the bevel. This ^^ "==^^^ g oove is about 3-16 inch deep and of like width. A "ood groove can be easily cut in a copper by clamping a flat piece of i-on fbusgy tire is eood) against the face of the copper in a vise, and dnllino between the copper and the plate of iron. I find a 3-16 iuch or 9-23 inch drill about the right size for a No. 12 wire. The drill should be made to cut lo at least two-thirds of its diameter into the copper. F. H. S. "Telephony." -'"IderingKinkNo. 12 For Soldering Commutators: — In soldering -or tors, I find that instead of using the iron with the usual 40 to 60 degree taper, a blunt pointed iron abo"i 90 '" ^ c ~! • ~~ffi degrees, keeps the heat right at the point where most needed, allowing the solder to run ^wn and around each wire in the slot. H. W. BANSMITH. Soldering Kink No. 27 Soldering Telephone Drop Wires to Line Wires. The t'-ough where soldered, only, is 1) v lened with fine sand paper. Yv ire solder, Nokorode Pas e and ay hot l on, tinned or untinned or blow loidb does the rest. Used several years. Nothing like Always in long wrap as shown. Easily disconnected. H. G. NEWELL 23 Soldering Kink No. 4 A Handy Soldering Torch for Linemen This diagram shows the construction of an ordinary round talcum powder box which does very nicely as it will just admit a large size candle and by cutting two slots down the side of the can, one opposite the other, just wide enough to admit the line wire to enter so as to keep the joint the proper distance from the blaze as the candle burns away, it will do the work not rapidly but very effectually when the wind is too strong to permit the use of a blow torch. I have used this simple device for over a year and find it very good. The can has two principles, one is to protect the blaze from the wind and the other is to confine the heat of the blaze into as small a place as possible. Columbus, Ohio. H. E. AMANN. Soldering Kink No. 26 To Repair Open Circuit on Solderless Connectors. Construction specifications call for a certain number of turns for each kind of Fig. 2 copper sleeve and to i nemen's failure to comply with these specifications is due some cases of loose connection in the line wire. Upon repairing a new copper wire with an old one in which tne joints had been bridged and soldered, a very noisy circuit was found. When investigated, it was discovered that all joints had been bridged but in soldering the bridging wires, many loose connections had been left. The bridges were made as shown in Fig. 1. That is, the bridging wire was wound around the line wire in a closed coil and the solder applied] to the outside of the coil. This resulted in all the solder on the bridging wire being held on the outside, so that none reached the line wire. There were therefore loose connections between the bridging and the line wires. The proper method of connecting the bridging wire is shown in Fig. 2. By leaving plenty of surface on the line wire, between the turns of the bridging wire, solder will take hold of both wires equally well and a good joint will be made. Soldering Kink No. 46 To Keep Telephone Joints from Rusting Out. A galvanized iron wire will last just as long as the galvanizing lasts, as soon as the zinc coating or galvanizing is penetrated the iron begins to rust and is soon eaten away; many men when putting up a telephone line will bruise the galvanizing at each tie, or will use acid when soldering joints and failed to wash it off. If NOKORODE is used there is no necessity to wash it off and a perfect joint is assured without any possibility of rust. TELEPHONY PUB. CO. 24 ^*> Soldering Kink No* 13 Soldering Terminal LugS : — In soldering terminal lugs on wire those who have experienced any inconvenience from solder running over the outside of the lug and the latter becoming oxidized from the flame, can apply the following rule to advantage. 1 ie a small piece of asbestos sheet around the top edge of the lug with wire and melt solder in the lug in the usual way, only do not fill it completely, but have it about two- thirds full. When hot enough, the wire end is inserted and the solder rises in the lug to the top. If it should overflow, the lug does not catch it, as the asbestos acts as a protector. To polish off the oxidized appearance, I carry a small portion of cleansing powder such as Dutch Cleanser, Sapolio, or Bon Ami, which, rubbed on with a damp cloth removes the tarnish as well as the remainder of burnt lacquer on the lug, and gives a good polish. H. PICCARD. Soldering Kink N*. 14 Fishing Conduit : — In fishing wire in conduits, when other schemes to get the flat steel snake wire through the pipe failed me, I have sometimes saved the day by soldering a little ball of lead solder about a quarter of an inch in diameter on the hook at the end of the snake, leaving part of the hook exposed. In the open part of the hook not covered with lead, I tie a couple of loops of twine. The theory applying to this is that the flat edge of the end of the snake tends to catch in the space in an elbow where the pipes do not butt together; but the ball on the end of the snake makes the latter slide over the joint in the pipe without catching If the snake still fails to go all the way through the run oi the pipe, another snake with an open hook is introduced at the other outlet and pass- ing the ball of lead, the hook on this when pulled back, cstches in the cord on the first snake, and pulls the latter safely through, so that the wire can then be pulled in. H. PICCARD. Soldering Kink No. 15 Convenient Terminal Connector: — I recommend this lug to anyone who does outside testing with portable instruments, and who has been bothered by the wire breaking off at the terminal. In making leads skin the insulation off the stranded wire for about two inches, place end in vise so that skinned end is free, and wind No. 18 or 16 bare copper wire spirally around the skinned end, winding about three turns around the insulation to keep the wire from unwinding. Solder an inch of the terminal and tape the unsoldered part to about an inch over the insulation. The Unsoldered part will act as a spring. CHARLES RIEMENN. 25 the circumference of th Soldering Kink iNo. ;>.) To Solder Brass Name Plate on Nickel Plated Shell. There is one job, however, that caused us considerable trouble until we hit upon the following method: The shell is polished and nic'.J plated The point was to affix the name plate without having the solder and acid run out from un- der the plate on to the shell. Solder will show through nickel, and leave an unfinished appearance. We first rolled the plate to conform to -..ell. On the back of the plate was spread the Nokorode paste, just enough to cover it. On to this was sprinkled some solder filings prepared for the purpose. The name plate was placed in position and held nrmly by a brass band arranged with a clasp to tighten on the side. 1 he band was the same width as the plate and made from 20 gauge metal 1 he blast was then applied to the band and the heat allowed to penetrate the band and plate and run the solder. The whole outfit was then cooled ir water, the band removed, and no sign of solder around the edees. In using acid, the liquid would naturally run down the shell to the lowest point carrying the fine particles of solder with it. By usina Nokorode paste this was obviated, as it — only remained in place itself, but held the soider as well, until set. The same method, with slight changes, could be used on flat work THE BARLOW COMPANY, Holyoke, Mass. Soldering Kink No. 50 Copper Soldering Point on a Blowtorch. The ordinary blowtorch, with the burner end equipped with a copper point, makes an excellent soldering device. The point can be easily kept at the right heat and there will be no want for hot coppers. The end of the burner is threaded on the outside and a hole is drilled in the copper point and threaded to match. Small holes are drilled in the copper in the same manner as in the burner to make vents for the flame. JOHN GERRER, "Popular Mechanics." Soldering Kink No. 66 Connecting a Pipe to Sheet Metal. In the absence of a waste nut, an iron pipe can be easily fastened to sheet-metal work, as shown in the sketch. The end of the pipe, Fig. 1, is slotted with a hacksaw to form four projections, which are turned outward and their ends rounded, as shown in Fig. 2. The face of the projections are tinned and then riveted to the sheet-metal surface, as shown in Fig. 3. After soldering the joint. it will be as good or better than if a waste nut had been used. POPULAR MECHANICS f he end of the Pipe as it is prepared to be Rivited on the Sheet Metal. 26 '♦ft ILL HOLE. HERE IP Soldering Kink No. 42 Soldering Wire Lugs which Project Downward. Your offer of one (1) dollar for solder kinks noted , u os and would state that in securing lugs to wire when wire is too short to Jlow Us to turn lug over to run solder in, that we drill a hole in lug neat" closed end, Stick a pj^c-c of asbestos over wire, place lug over b d part of wire and fill lug with solder through hole which we have it drilled in same F. W. RIDGWAY, Freeport, Ig, Soldering Kink No. 44 To Stop Spattering Solder on Finished Floors when Hanging Fixtures. I find that when hanging fixtures in a finished house tissue paper over a piece of heavy wrapping paper makes the best kind of a protection for the floors or carpet. By using the paper which comes around the fixtures from the supply house this makes a convenient and inexpensive protection for floors. 1 he tissue paper prevents !.C! solder from spreading -- ^ Hying around as it will if it drops on a hard paper, and the' thick Tough paper underneath prevents the solder from striking through. Tissue paper may also be used to advantage to lay over the canopy arms, or other parts of large ceiling fixtures to catch any solder that may dr °P- FRANCIS H. NORTHROP, Wilton, Conn. Soldering Kink No. 43 A NokorotJe Wrist Box, Enclosed please find a rough sketch of a 2 oz. can riveted to a clin SoLDEWNG 'PASTE WnS '- ^ c " be ' n§ flHed ^ NOKOR^g Pecia^ JOHN A. COWING, Cleveland, Ohio. 27 Soldering Kink No. 36 Soldering Break in Telephone Receiver. Soldering Tool ^ZD Certain telephone receivers break down at the coil terminal. The proximity of the coil and the nar.ovv .-pace make the soldering somewhat difficult. In place of a torch and a jeweler's soldering iron I now use an iron spike shown at A, which can be healed in a convenient stove. From a piece of No. 8 wire solder I cut a small shaving and roll it up into the form of a sleeve or loop. After wrapping the fine wire of the receiver around the terminal I slip the sleeve of solder referred to above over it all, add a little "Nokorode" paste as at C, and apply the heated ipike carefully with pliers and we have the finished result at D. HENRY GRANT NEWELL, Le Raysville, Pa. Soldering Kink No. 49 A New Kind of Soldering Iron. I. have found the soldering copper illustrated here to have sev- eral advantages over the regular st.aight tool, especially when wire joints near a ceiling have to be soldered. By the use of a tool of Fig. 1 .-— So/Jen'ng Iron. ,h e kind illustrated I have saved myself from many a burn which would have been inflicted by falling pieces of hot solder if a straight toldering iron had been employed. In making this tool I took an ordinary straight iron and removed the copper portion from the stem. I then drilled a hole through the copper as indicated, making the hole slightly smaller than the rod to be inserted. The rod was then filed to a slight taper, driven through the hole and l.veted on the end. Then I filed a groove crosswise in the copper near pointed portion, the purpose of this groove being to hold the melted solder, which otherwise would have a tendency to roll off as fast as applied. In using this soldering iron the groove is filled with solder and held parallel with the wires to be soldered. Thus the hands are kept well out of the way of any metal that may fall. This iron can be used rather conveniently as a hammer also when a better hammer is not at hand. HENRI PICCARD, N. Y. City. Soldering Kink No. 37 Railway Telephony. In depots, towers and other buildings adjacent to railway tracks con- stant trouble is experienced due to vibration causing loose connections at points where the wires terminate under screws and on binding posts. Wherever possible soldered connections should be used. TELEPHONY PUBLISHING CO. 28 ►Soldering Kink No. 58 Soldering Badly Corroded Wires. It is a proposition to solder two stranded conductors toge'.'ier or into a lug when they are composed of from 50 to 150 °:..all wires such as lamp leads for moving picture machines, etc. Some are always badly corroded and it is ..ext to impossible to scrape them to make a good job of it. After removing the insulation put the wires in a solution of nitric acid 25%, water 75%, for about a minute. This may be in a small bottle to be convenient. Then thoroughly wash wires with water and dry. They are now very clean and bright and can be easily soldered with Nokorode and solder, preferably using an iron or gas jet. HARRY METCALi-. Soldering Kink No. 60 Rusted Telephone Joints. In less than six months on one small telephone exchange practically every joint in a 14-mile metallic line had rusted out. New joints were promptly cut in, but in a tew months these were gone. The trouble was found to be due to the use of solder ing acid when making the joint, and the acid was not* properly waslied off. Galvanized iron will last just as long as the galvan- izing lasts. As soon as the zinc coating or galvanizing is pene- trated, the iron begins to rust and is soon eaten away. Every man who has put up a wire fence k"ows this. Yet these same men, when putting up a telephone line, will bruise the galvanizing at each tie, or will use acid when soldering the joints. Nokorode Soldering Paste should be used on all lines and can be used to tin over these bruised places and does not require cleaning after use, because it does not corrode. TELEPHONY PUBLISHING CO. Soldering Kink No. 55 Soldering Connection to Dynamo Brush. Usually by the time the "Pig Tail" or woven wire becomes broken off at the dynamo or motor brush the copper plate to which it is soldered is almost gone or the brush too oily to solder again. When a quick job has to be aoiie the wires *nay be scraped bright and a little Nokorode applied. Drill a 14-inch hole turn the brush or into the end of it and run hole full of molten soldo! and put the wire into this, and when set the job is done. 1 seen this tried on machines up to 15 K. YV. and know it io ~ faotovv for any small dynamo or motor. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 62 Cable Splicing. It is necessary, or is the custom, with cable splicers to us<» soldering flux to solder the wires and tallow on the sheath to mate the wiped joint. I have found "Nokorode" superior to tal- low for lead wiping and use same altogether. This obviates carrying two kinds of flux for one job, which will be appreciated bv one who has much aerial work. It also saves time. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 69 Stopping Leaks in a Tin Roof. The usual method of fasten- ing roofing of any kind is to drive a small nail through a Fig I tin disk and the roofing into the sheathing beneath. When a tin roof fastened in this manner bulges, it will draw out the nail, and the expan- FIG.2 sion and contraction of the metal will leave the nail and disk in the position shown at Fig. 1. If a screw, brass or Iron, is used, this difficulty can be prevented. After the disk is screwed down, solder the head of the screw to the disk, and the edsre of the disk to the tin roofing, as shown at Fig. 2. A leak can be stopped by fastening one of these disks ove\ it in the manner described. In either case, the disk should be given a coat of paint after it is fastened down. POPULAR MECHANICS, Soldering K'nk No. 6« Balancing a Voltmeter Pointer. I have found an ideal way of making a Volt or Ammeter read cor- rectly, when testing and other ways fail. First — Clean the bottom of the poi liter, and then apply a small quantity of "Nokorode" and after a drop of solder. You will find that the pointer will come tc its proper place after this treatment. FRANK SCOTT. DROP SOLOER Soldering Kink Nc. 41 A Home M^r!e Device for Soldering Fixtures. I hand you herewith a soldering kinlt which I have found very useful in fixture hanging, as it allows of soldering the con- nections without smoking or damaging the most delicate finish on ceilings. From the rough sketch you will get the idea, and I will say that I make the cup from cast iron pipe cap, of % in. or 1 in. size, drilling it for 2 holes of proper size to take No. 12 Galv. Telephone Wire, which is passed through, brought back and twisted to- gether to form a handle. Fill the cup with solder and when ho* it will solder several joints without reheating. The connections are made in what we call a pigtail with the ends pointing down, treated with Nokorode, and dipped in the "P- M. F. L1BBEY, Whitefield. N. H. 30 -IK TEACHING THE BOYS TO BE USEFUL AND SAVING. 31 EVERYONE CAN SOLDER. 32 Soldering Kink No. 51 How Aluminum may be Soldered with Nokorode. O OOQOJ o o o o o o o o o o o o o oodoi Brass Plugs. section Drill as many holes as possible at a slight angle and drive in tight brass plugs, then file or trim the plugs evenly or a little below the surface cf the aluminum. Next coat the surface with NQK.ORODE and apply the solder with the hot soldering copper. Then put the two surfaces to- gether; heat and treat it the same as copper or brass. The cut shows how an aluminum pattern is being lengthened by solder- ing a piece to » OTTO CARLBORG, Providence, R. I- Soldering Kink No. 30 To Solder Tubular Radiator, "When one of the inside tubes springs a leak atic it is impossible to get at it to solder, turn radiator up side down, cut square hole in bottom of radia- tor directly under leaky pipe; then dip small piece of waste in "Smooth on Iron Cement" and push it into the pipe being sure to get it clear to top of pipe. (To do this get a rod the right size and mark on it the length and then drive plug in with H6.2 r °d ""til mark is even with other end of tube). Keep on this way until you have a plug ]/ 2 in. long at each end of pipe. When cement is dry this pipe will be same" as solid at each end. Then cut a piece of brass about Y 2 in. larger each way than the hole (Fig. 2.) clean, and solder it over hole. This will make a first class job and will not be noticed. GLENN METCALT, Blandinsville, 111. c Soldering Kinks No. 39 Wire Joints Soldered with Heat from a Motorcycle Engine. The "telephone trouble shooter" who rides a motorcycle can make t'.se of a hot engine for heating a soldering iron. When copper wires are to be soldered before placing them on a pole or in a box lay the joint on the hot cylinder until it melts the solder. Fuses and telephone transmitters can be repaired in this manner. I have many limes lighted my alcohol torch with a spark from the spark coil by touching it to the frame of the motorcycle. C. F. HIGBY, "Popular Mechanics," 33 Soldering Kink No. 72 Starting a Bolt in a Difficult Place. Recently, while working on an automobile, 1 found it difficult to get a bolt started in its place, and when I had about decided to remove the other parts to enter the bolt, I hit upon the following scheme of overcoming the dif- ficulty. A piece of wire was procured and one end lightly soldered to the boll head. This served as a handle for placing the bolt, and was easily (removed by giving tire wire a few turns. The same means can t>e used to enter bolts and pins in places not easily accessible, the time of preparation being small as compared with the prac- tical value of the device. POPULAR MECHANICS. c ■ED FIG- » FIG. ?. CZE FIG. 3 Soldering Kink No. 61 Repairing a Crack in the Pipe of a Stanley Automobile. I had a very bad crack in the steam pipe in an automobile which I was repairing. The crack was 2% inches long, and was spread apart in the center about % of an inch. I did not want to take the pipe out as that would necessitate tak- ing the engine apart, and I would also have 'o wait a. month be- fore I would get it back from the factory. First I tried soldering with resin, and filled up the crack with solder, then I started up the boiler and got up about 100 pounds of steam in the pipe, but it started to leak, as the pressure was too much for the solder. I then decided to try another idea, as I had only 100 pounds pressure in the boiler and had to get 250 pounds. This time 1 cleaned up the pipe very clean and got some of your "Nokorode" and spread around the pipe where the crack was. then took a piece of wire about 1-32 of an inch in diameter and wound it tightly around the pipe where the crack was. after which I put another coat of "Xokorodc" on the wire, then added another coat of solder, started up the boiler with 150 pounds of steam pressure, and finding it did not leak. I kept adding more pressure of steam, until I had reached the maximum rate, which is :>.">(l pounds, and the automobile has been constantly in use for the last six months. .JOHN M. CRAIG. -4 The Sunken Metal can be easily pulled out to its original po- sition then P< ' ' Soldering Kink No. 63 Removing Dents from Shin Metal Articles, Dents in any kind of sheet s metal, especially the brass iix- IX . . — " ' tures of an automobile are ex- ceedingly aifricult to straighten out and make a neat appearing piece of work. One of the best methods of doing tliis is to make a clip of metal, steel, or brass - , as shown at A in the sketch, md solder the small part turned at right angles to the metal in the dent. The sunken metal can then be pulled up, the clip unsoldered and the surface polished. It is not necessary to drill a hole in, the fixture, and the surface can be smoothed up like new. POPULAR MECHANICS. Soldering Kink No. £7 "Better Than a Nut On a Cyclometer Striker." Most of the users of cyclometers on a motor cycle or bicycle find it a hard proposition to keep the cyclo- meter striker in place on the spoke, because the repeated sharp blows that occur when riding fast will loosen up most any screw, and turn the striker around, often breaking the striker entirely. I have found a very good way to overcome this diffi- culty by fitting a piece of hard leather on the hub end of a broken bicycle spoke, which was cut about three inches long. The other end of this piece of spoke was wrapped tightly around a spoke in the wheel in the proper position. Then a little "Noko>-ode" was applied and both soldered tightly together by using a blow torch. Leave a free end of about an inch to give a little spring to the striker to soften the shock of the blow. If the job is well done i J wilt stand up very well. H. C. WING. SCHEME FOR PRESERVING TINNING ON SOLDERING IRON [f you have trouble with the tin burning off when heating your soldering iron, get a plumber to cut a piece of ordinary iron pipe about V/ z incites or 2 inches inside diameter and about 5 inches or G inches long. Lay this iron pipe on top of the gas stove or in the coal stove in such a way that the flame of the heat will be on the iron pipe, then slip the soldering iron inside the iron pipe, which will completely protect the copper. It seems that the pipe prevents the corrosive action of the gas and flame from eating the tinning from the copper. This is a simple kink, but remarkably effective. 35 S^I-cnn,.' Kink No. Z S.oppl-,» a Leak in c^n AuLomobile Radiate:'. •Gentlemen: — Enterprise, Ala., March 23, 1912. In soide.ing Lie conneclions of the water supply to an automobile radi- ator., the conneclions had been soldered several limes; from the jolt of the machine it would break loose; the radiator being springy would leak with packing between the radiator and water supply. I bolted the connection to the radiator, using a piece of packing ihrr after repeated efforts to solder over the packing with the products 1 Had o:> hand and failing, I used Nokorode and it held all right; by catching l'.ie flange of the water supply across the edge of the packing to the radialot Vfilh solder holds it steady and keeps it from shaking and causing the pack- ing to let it leak. The soldering would not hold until using Nokorode paste. I am figuring on ordering some as I have constant need of soldering in my business. ENTERPRISING PLUMBING & HEATING CO., H. H. Bailey. Soldering Kink No. 45 To Repair Leak in Gasoline Tank without Removing from Car. I had a leak around rivet in the gasoline tank of our car and could not repair same without removing tank from car which would require the removal of the body, so I tried soldering from the outside but with no results. I then made a patch from a small piece of sheet copper and peining it so that it was dished quite a little, thoroughly tinned the inside of patch, first applying NOKORODE, then after applying NOKORODE to the tank around the leak, I next heated my copper very hot and placed the patch on it and put it in position, holding it there and pressing it hard enough to work out all surplus solder and after smoothing up the edges my job was as tight as could be wanted by anyone. Would advise those who may try this to have their tank absolutely dry and free from gas as the result of having it o''">rwise would no doubt be disastroue. IVAN R. LUCAS, Bradford, Pa. Soldering Kink No. 48 To Repair Gasoline Feed Pipes. Fig. 3. c3 The followin will be found veiy use- ful in soldering < ineclions on the gasoline U) line on gas enrnne. and auiomooiles. tig. 2. Fig. 1. First thoroughly clean end of pipe (Fig. 1) and tin end back for about an inch. Ther clean small end of sleeve (Fig. 2) and tin end, inside if possible. Next hold sleeve with pliers and pipe in hand and ho J before flame of torch, and as the solder melts slip sleeve over pipe. 1 -.en ilii a d op of solJcr around pipe at end of sleeve and you have a first c'ass ras light joint shown at Fig. 3. For a neat job finish with a strip of eme.y cloth. Use NOKORODE and it will not corode. CLENN METCALF. Eiandinsville. Ill Soldering Kink No. 35 To Solder Cable and Parts Set in Hard Rubber Without Melting the Rubber. To solder cables to posts set in hard rubber connectors in automobile electric lighting work, without melting (he rubber, hold the rubber plug by wrapping it in a wet cloth, use NOKORODE paste and solder with a small iron. HERBERT W. KIMBALL, Haverhill, Mass. Soldering Kink No. 28 To Solder New Thread on Grease Gun. When the threads on the cap of a Grease Gun become so worn that it jumps threads, remove plunger and unscrew-*oap, On the inside of cap sol- der a^ nut the same size and thread as thf screw. This will make the gun new. Be sure to solder the nut to the inside of the cap as it will stand more direct strain than on the outside. GLENN METCALF, Blandinsville, 111. PIG . B. Soldering Kink No. 19 Repairing a Crack in Cast-Iron Pipe or Automobile Cylinder. A crack in a cast-iron pipe or a gasoline-engine cylinder, caused ty freezing can be repaired in the following manner, if the pressure (he part has to withstand is not too. great. Procure some sulphate of copper, commonly known s as bluestone, and dissolve it in water. Clean the edges of the crack well with a file or sandpaper. Paint the iron wilh the solution several times until there is a coa! of copper on it. The copper surface can be easily soft soldered which will produce a satisfactory repair in many cases. WM. W. GRANT. Soldering Kink No. 32 Making a Splice in an Armature Coil. "\\ hen it is desirable to make a Jgr~ , \ r - -' , '"■" T ~"^=^- — "t splice in an armature coil where large wire is used, bevel the wires as shown and with Nokorode and solder tin, the surface with solder, then solder them together. If there is room the joint is imp ovsd by w.appinj it with fine wire before soldering. The splice is then wrapped with initialing material." HARRY MESCAL 17 , Blandinsville. 111. 37 Soldering Kink No. 77 How to Make a Double Contact Light Bulb Fit a Single Contact Fitting. StlPiMdlL PIECE Of f fgR£. or c«Roeo«eo in hekj to KtCP CONTACTS FROM short circutino. c~ Most electric light bulbs used in automobiles are of either single or double con- tact type (A) or (B). Not being able to secure one of the single contact bulbs to make a replace- ment, I hit on a scheme to alter a double contact bo I could use it. I first soldered a tiny piece of sheet brass y% inch by 1-16 inch from one con- tact to outside of the base, MwirunV contact using "Nokorode," of course (C). Next I soldered another strip of sheet brass about % inch by y 2 inch to the opposite v.ontact. After the solder had set I bent this piece back over the end of the socket into shape, as shown at (D). 1 then placed a little piece of fibre (cardboard would do) between this and the other contact, for insulation, and the job was completed and answered the purpose as well as a single contact bulb. H. C. WING. STRip cf 8AHSS FROr-i OUTSiPE OF BRASS 8*Hp Of \.t*r*p T» '«S Soldering Kii.k No. 93 Repairing an Automobile Radiator. While trying to decide upon the best way to repair the tubes in a radiator that had been frozen, it occurred to me that it might be possible to solder the leaks with a piece of bent heavy copper wire for a soldering iron. The radiator was drained and then dried by careful use of the flame from a blow torch. It was then filled slowly until a damp spot appeared showing the exact spot ef the leak. Again the radiator was drained and the spot polished with a piece of emery cloth, as shown at (1), and soldered with a piece of heavy copper wire for an iron, bent so as to come in contact at the leak, as shown by (2). The radiator was again dried and tested for another leak. In two hours' time ten leaks were repaired. The radiator had not been removed fro'ii the car. It never leaked again to my knowledge. H. P. CORBIN. 38 Th* filfdinfl Tubs 1ft tho Cork Forme * Valve to Op«- or Oom th* Pa*Ms«wa7 Soldering Kink No. 73 Priming Bottle for a Gasoline Engine. A safe and convenient stopper for a bottle holding priming gasoline for an auto- mobile engine is shown in the illustration, in which C is a common cork thrust into the neck of the bottle flush with the top and having a hole previously burnt through ita center just a trifle smaller and to conveniently admit a piece of bent tubing. A piece of steel umbrella tube is quite satisfactory, says the Automo- bile Dealer and Repairer. -At its straight end a slit D, about }4 inch long, is filed, and a plug, A, with a projecting lip, is tightly fitted into the end. Solder this plug carefully to make a tight tit. The head of a 20-penny wire nail will be found to fit snugly and se-ves the purpose quite well. To secure the cork in its position- it is best to bind it down with twine or wire to the neck of the bottle. When the bottle is tilted the gasoline will flow through the opening, D, and out through the tube, B Evaporation and flow of the gasoline is prevented by draw- ing the spout up until the flange, A, is tight against the cork. It will be observed that the opening, D, will thus be closed, and no amount of rough shaking will make tlie gasoline escape A stopper of this kind is very ^^"t^J^^^^cs' hands or cold fingers. POPULAR MECHANICS Soldering Kink No. 74 To Solder a Leak in the Tubes of a Honeycomb Radiator. Locate the leak, elenn thoroughly with a small file, taking pains to have the Epot clean and bright. Apply a little "Noko- rode" Soldering Paste and with a torch and common blow pipe run enough solder over the leak to make a smooth, even sur- face (If°thc leak is not in the tubes a common soldering cop- per will answer.) GLENN METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 85 To Close Cracks in Automobile Body. When repainting a car the binding strips (A) around the doors and edges are often loose, leaving a crack which the paint will not fill. Clean the edges along the crack, apply "Nokorode" and solder the strip to the body. This will make a smooth sur- face and the paint will in this way cover the crack and the solder will also keep the strip from getting loose. This of course applies only to metal bodies. GLENN METCALF. 39 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Vaxiotii Stages in tile Optratiom'of Conn t Line at Right Ansira to > Cable Soldering Kink No. 75 Tapping a Large F.'ectric Cable On construction -work it is frequently necessary to tap a line at right an- gles, and where the line is made up of several strands the proper way to make the connection is shown in the sketch. The insula- tion is removed, at the place for connection, from the straight-line cable for about 3V 2 in., Fig. 1, anil on the end of the line to be connected for about 5% in. These lengths are for a cable of 19 strands. The wires are then thoroughly cleaned and six of the strands on the end of the cable are turned down on each side of the cable from the outer layer, and three each way, at right angles, from the next layer, Fig. 2, whereupon the center wire is cut off. Wrap the three strands eacli way, as shown in Fig. 3, and draw them tightly around the bared straight cable, and wrap the six strands each way on top of the three strands in the opposite direction, as shown in Fig. 4. It is best to wrap each wire separately in the latter operation. Be careful to have the strands lying close together and drawn tightly around the cable. The finished wrapping should appear as shown in Fig. 5. Apply "Nokorode" and solder by pouring the melted metal on the joint. Any traces of the soldering flux may be removed after the joint is soldered by an application of ammonia, which will clean the joint and keep it from corroding. Oiled linen makes a good substitute for the expensive tape on the joint, and this is then covered with the usual application of Friction Tape, well paint- ed. For wires of different sizes, the insulation must be removed for a different length, but in no case are any strands removed except the center strand as stated. POPULAR MECHANICS. Soldering Kink No. 97 Repairing Aluminum Gear Case. U 8RASS CWOlS CUP -&Z On a gear case where the shaft pro- truded 1 inch beyond the face, the cap in some manner became broken. To repair this T took a candle cup fig. 3. (Fig. 2) from an old gas fixture, and after first soldering a small piece of brass in the bottom of the cup to make it tight, I tinned the outside of the flange or rim. Then I put the cup in the case with the rim inside, as in (Fig. 3); then with a l'ttle "Nokorode" and blow torch I flowed solder around the outside of the cup. As the solder would ( hold to the aluminum, it -held to the brass, filling up the sj between the case and cup, making a tight job. F. J. ALTERSITZ. 40 HANDY IN THE OFFICE 41 *«* %; * WHEN THE DOOR BELL FAILS TO RING. 42 Soldering Kink No. 76 Tinning for Drive Fits in Machine Shop. In many crises where a drive fit is too loose to be passable, I have saved the piece by tinning the surface of the piece to be driven, with solder and wiping it clean while hot. This increases the diameter enough so that a drive fit may be made. H. P. CORBIN Soldering Kink No. 86 Repairing a Broken Steel Fishing Rod. To fix a broken steel fishing rod, I proceeded as follows: Tn the hollow centre of the rod I put a piece of steel rod of the right diameter. I then cleaned off the paint from the broken part and wound it with fine copper wire each side of the crack, as shown in the diagram, and then soldered. This made a good, solid joint and is as good as new . HERBERT GIEHLER. Soldering Kink No. 95 Bolting Machine to Concrete Floor. We had considerable trouble to se- curely fasten a centrifugal clothes wringer to a cement floor. The floor was poor cement and the holes in it were too large to use expan- sion bolts, so they had been leaded in, but the vibration soon loosened the bolt in the lead, but the lead seemed to be solid enough in the cement I thought of tinning the bolts to make them stick to the lead, and tried this method, using "Nokorode" as a flux, and thoroughly tinned the four of them. After removing the old lead and making a template to hold the bolts, filled the holes with lead. Instead of putting the bolts in, as shown in sketch, I put them in head down with a large washer on lower end which was also tinned. I had the lead very hot and also some "Nokorode" on bolt before I poured same. When set good I bolted the machine down. This was about eight months ago and same has given no trouble since, and as the lead is soldered to the bolts and cannot work loose, I think this is a good method where the holes are too large for expan- sion bolts and can be applied to motors, engines, etc. HARRY METCALF. 43 Soldering: Kink No. 124 How Nokorode Saves a Rusty Telephone Wire. / c $<■ E 3 SEAM r *• CtD A'6 3 r : fsoLOEnf" "'• When I solder a joint on an iron telephone wire or jumper, especially if the wire has become rusty as at ~fr (A) j I take a small or medium size flat file to clean the wire with and put on a little "Nokorode," use a blow torch or soldering copper and I get a first class joint. A line wire files easily when there is tension on it. JOSEPH B. SILLDORFF. Soldering Kink No. 132 Soldering Iron Replaces Tap or Die. How the soldering iron will take the place of Taps or Dies in joining two pieces of lead or iron gas or water pipes together, without the aid of any other tool, and without wiping the joint. To make a joint in an iron pipe it has been necessary to thread both ends and connect with F ' 6 * coupling. Here is a way any per- son can make a strong joint without threading the pipes — with the use of a soldering iron and solder and "Nokorode" Solder- ing Paste. Clean both ends, inside and out, of the two lengths of pipe that are to be joined together about one-half inch from the end by filing, scraping or using emery paper, apply a little "Xoko- rode" Paste, and tin them well, as shown in Figure (1). Cut a piece of tin about three inches long, or according to the length of the splice in pipe, and form it into a round tube same size in diameter as the inside of the pipes that are to be joined together, then apply a little "Nokorode" Paste, and solder seam, as in Figure (2). Push the tin tube about one-half its length into one end of pipe and solder it at joint, as shown in Figure (3). Next put the other end of the pipe over the tin tube and leave about three-eighths of an inch opening between the two pipes, or a larger opening if it is necessary, and solder it the same as in Figure (3). Now on top of the tin tube that is left in the opening b»- tw T een the two pipes, fill in solder by bunching it around until even with the two pipes, and when eooled off file smooth, as in Figure (4). If the pipe is in an upright position, it must be disconnected and laid horizontal. If pipe is in a horizontal position and too close to the wall, pull it out from the wall sufficiently to leave room to get all around it. In soldering lead pipe heat the soldering iron so it will just scerch paper, to get the best results. The above method makes a strong joint and uses about one- third the lead required by the old-style wiped joint. It will be found that "Nokorode" Paste will work equally as well on iron or lead. E. F. WILLIAMS. 44 ~~ Soldering Kink No. 96 JfF® II I Pliers as a Bench Vise. j)| j In the illustration is shown how a pair ill — — — ,. of pliers may be utilized as a substitute ruWpUERS) ^r a bench vise by euLting a slot through %LL tlie bench, inserting the handles of the X^^.wepge ' pliers and drawing up with a small wedge — of wood. , This improvised vise will hold articles to be soldered with surprising rigidity. B. W. VERNE. Soldering Kink No. 82 Practical Extension for a Machine Tap. Very often the ,iectiw.«u v.f«o«e.reNSi ~ «efo«e t«p repairman is re- ^ ^r — — | quired to drill or ^ *— {., I ^,.v„j.- J r et i, tap out a hole^in a very inaccessi- C T I •7""''''' l '"a > ble place, and no T " "" ",'n wS««m " mM doubt the readers of "Soldering ™ Ta P Kinks" would like to know how I tapped out a 3-16 in. hole in the bottom of a 5-16 in. hole 5 in. deep, that I could not reach from the opposite side. The standard length of a 3-16 in. tap is only 2J4 in. To remedy this, I secured a 5-16 in. rod about A x / 2 in. long, drilled a 3-16 in. hole in one end l/± m . deep, squared the opposite end, then put a small quantity of "Nokorode" in the hole I had drilled, also a small drop of solder, and then proceeded to heat the rod (holding same in a vertical position) until the solder was thor- oughly melted, and then I forced the tap into the melted solder. The rod and solder retained enough heat to flow the solder perfectly around the tap without drawing its temper. In this way most any place can be reached so as to drill or tap out, simply by the use of an extension rod and a little "Noko- rode." H. C. WING. Soldering Kink No. 88 Lock Nuts, _ I find the following very useful in " keeping small nuts in place and keeping €3t y^ them from unscrewing due to vibration : C v tgy f^ My method is to apply a trace of 1 ; ; \ "Nokorode" at the junction (A) and / ; : i slightly solder same. /ust a small ^^ quantity of solder is used. If (B) happens to be cut off flush with top of nut, solder over very lightly. Often an extra nut cannot be put on and riveting is bad if nut ever has to be removed. By my method, nut can easily be removed without hurting the threads the slightest, and the nuts will not work loose by vibration. This is equally effective on brass, copper, iron, zinc and steel if "Nokorode" is used. HARRY METCAUf. 45 Soldering Kink No. 87 Repairing Carburetor on " Indian " Motorcycle. After consider- able use the main throttle becomes Avorn on the car- buretor on the "In- dian" motorcycle and leaks gas, while closed, up- setting the mix- ture of the pilot jet. I have found a very good way to remedy this trou- ble is to take the carburetor apart, removing the throttle valve, then apply a little "Nokorode" to the lower part of the throttle case on both sides and proceed to tin same over with a very thin coating of solder. \ftcr soldering same may be smoothed up with a jackknife ©r sera per and the throttle fitted. The solder will-force the main throttle valve against the upper side of the case where the seat is made, thus taking up all wear and making a gas tight seat again. H. C. WING. Soldering Kink No. 110 Home Made Fault Finder. I am sending you a sketch of a cheap fault finder which anyone can make on short notice. I had to do it, as the electric light boys shot a 2,200-volt current into our cable. This coil as shown by the sketch, weighs 1 a little less than a quarter of a pound ami was made of cigar box wood, glued together. The core is of No. 28 soft iron wire, such as is used by the florists. The wires are held in place by a paper wrapper, forming a tube that is glued to the side pieces to form the spool. Wire from an old ringer coil was wound on the core until the resistance was BACK STOP FOR ft bout 150 ohms. 1 have made CONTACT SPRING several of these coils ami no TO PRESS AGAINST two of th '^sTfrn ■ THIS LADY SAVED THE PRICE OF A NEW DIPPER. 47 BOYS HAVE NO END OF FUN. Soldering Kink No. 81 A Smoke and Fire Protector. (<) PROTICTO* 8CMT tOUNO 0« THE WII»C TO GIVS R»»M T» JOLDtS »~0 THE CEPIIM& M BLUCKENIWO IT THE" TORCH r »e - *"' I | (8) A smoke and fire protector for electrical and plumbing shopa en iic used in several ways. It can be bent in all ways and won't break, and can be car- ried in the tool box or bag. Take a piece of tin 5 in. by 7 in., and mark y 2 in. from thd edge all around (A). Then take a piece of asbestos paper 4 in. by 6 in., lay it on the tin and fold the half-inch edges onto the paper so that it leaves a frame (B). The protector may be bent around wires to give room to Bolder, and will save blackening the ceiling with a torch as shown at (C),~ ANTONIO BIENVENUE. Soldering Kink No. 78 Filling Hole in Boiler. I had occasion to repair a galvanized iron wash boiler, and proceeded as follows: The bottom of the boiler was badly corroded, and had a hole in it about J4 i ncn m diameter. I found it almost impossible to fill the hole with melted solder and make it stay filled, so I took a brass paper fastener, such as are commonly used for pinning papers together, and after coating it with "Nokorode," inserted the prongs through the hole from the outside of the boiler, having first scraped a space about 1 inch in diameter around the hole on both the outside and inside of the boiler, and thoroughly tinning, using "Nokorode." The enclosed sketch will indicate the appearance of a section taken through the center of the hole after the job was completed. This job has proved satisfactory, and the boiler is now in service again. WM. W. MILLER. Soldering Kink No. 94 Repairing Flash Lights. We all know that a flash light bat- tery will often sweat or short circuit and will corrode the connecting wires inside of the ease, thus making the flash light useless. The way I repair them is by taking a piece of copper ribbon or wire and running '^ cither on the outside or inside of the case, then applying a little "Nokorode" «nd soldering to the bands on the case. I find that repaired this way the case is as good as new. FRANK SCOTT. 49 db Soldering Kink Xo. 120 Solderir, .3 Ground Connections. Drill a small hole in the top of the rod about % iur-h deep and j>u t in a small quantity of "Xokorode," ap- ply the flame of blow torch until hot and then melt full of solder. Put a little flux on the copper wire ami insert it in the molten solder and hold it there until solder sets. This is better than wrapping the wire around the rod and then soldering, as the flame docs not come in contact with the surface to be soldered and dues not oxidize same. The solder does not run and it saves scraping the rod. HARRY METGALS*. Soldering Kink Xo. 122 To Change the Tone or Muffle Bells. When there are several bells in the house or office which souiul alike the -A,— tone may be changed by sticking more or less solder, according to th<3 tone desired, to the under side of gong, as at (A I. The closer to the edge the more effective. First scrape bright and apply some ''Xokorode." and with a' la t iron, melt some solder on gomr. If too low a tone, cut or melt some away to suit. If desired to muffle ' some more a larger quantitv is soldered or until correct derrree of muffling is obtained. HARRY MSTCALF. , Soldering Kink Xo. 121 Poor Soldering Flux Causes Cross Talk. At one time I was ordered to trace cross talk on a hoard and found a ca>e that kcj>t me guessing for some- time, as everything appeared to be i-ll right. The cable to the cross connecting rack was annunciator wire, and on looking it over 1 found where some- one had spilled muriatic acid over it while soldering the connections at (A). Xo less than three cables were soaked in this way. Of course the part had to be row ired, and you can bet "Xokorode" was used on the re- wiring. TELEPHONY PUBLISHING . 50 Soldering Kink. Xo. 79 Soldering Belt Lacings. After lacing the belt with lacing wire I add a little "Nokorode" soldering fiux, and then by the use of a hot iron I solder over the joints. This makes a much stronger splice, and is a very good way of fastening the wire ends. Am enclosing a sample, which will show very clearly how the splice is made. QUIMBY SMITH. Soldering Kink No. 80 To Take up Wear on Main Bearing on Indian Motorcycle. On taking down a motorcycle engine recently I found one of the bronze bushings on the main bearing had- worked loose and turned in the aluminum base, wearing it out of round badly. Ordinarily this would mean a / !jr new crank case or reboring the hole and fitting a special larger bushing. 1 hit on a plan that worked out. fine, saving quite a bit i;f expense, as folh I first shaped a little piece 'if sheet brass to the outside of tl e bushing for about one-half i ! s circumference, and after apply- ing a little "Nokorode" to both the bushing and sheet brass, 1 sweated them together. By careful filing and numerous trials I worked the bushing down to a drive fit and forced it into the case. The bushing is now more secure than before, as it is elliptical and cannot turn m the holder, even if it works loose. H. C. WING. Soldering Kink No. 112 Replacing Lock Washer on Telephone Connections. By soldering screws this way you do not have to use lock washers. Keeps screws from working out and coming loose for relays and other small parts. LOUIS CONSARD. Soldering Kink No. 113 Connecting Small Cables without Terminals. This sketch shows how to connect two cables without using terminals. Tn.ke a fine piece brass screen, wind around cable, put '"Nokorode" on and ■ SCREW: SOLDER SCREW*' PINE BRASS 'CABL CABLE WIRE fine - SCREEN ^ WIRE solder, this makes a very strong joint for small cable. LOUIS CONSARD. 51 S Soldering Kink Xo. 117 Applying Heat for Soldering. When using the flame of a blow torch, if possible, heat NEAR the place to be soldered, as at (A), rather than directly on the place, as it will not oxidize and color so readily. Where possible have the heat applied from the under side, it 13 much more readily conducted upward. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 131 Soldering Steel Wires to Iron Rods. I once had a job of soldering a piece of number 14 iron wire on about 50 ground rods. Instead of using a blow torch or other ordinary means of soldering I carried tiic ground rods to a blacksmith and asked the smith "or permission to use his vise, tile and forge for a whi'e, I first ' "I ail of the rods cleau and wrapped the iron wire with several turns arourd the rods and snubbed the wire in the ordinary wr v. When ready to solder, I heated e?ch rod and wire at the point where the wire fastened to the rod until it was hot enough to melt solder. Care was taken not to heat the wire too much. Applied a little "Nokorode" to the heated wire and rod and used ordinary half and half solder, turning it over and over, and a neat job of soldering was quickly done. This is a quick way to do soldering of this kind even if you have only one or two jobs to do, but it saves a great deal of time if you have quite a number. SAM H. SHUTT, The United Telephone Co., Temple, Texas. Soldering Kink No. 101 Repairing a Split in Water Pipe. A lead pipe burst one Sunday noon leaving a split about 1 1-2 inches in length. This required a wipe joint, but we could not get a plumber at that time and would have been without water if repairs had not been made, that were intended at the time to be temporary only. Having dried the pipe well and cleaned it, I wrapped the pipe with adhesive tape, about five turns each, above and below the split. Then I placed a piece of stiff paper around the pipe on the two bands of tape so that the paper was held a little distance from the pipe. The ends of the paper were held witli another turn of tape. A hole was stabbed in the paper near the top and the space filled with hot lead. After removing the paper it left a neat looking job which has proved to be as good as a wiped joint. CHAS. H. RICHARDS, POPULAR MECHANICS. H 52 ALL BUT THE PROPELLER The model was to be exhibited that afternoon. The only thing it lacked was a propeller. A casting was out of the question. The foundry wanted at least 24 hours for deliv- ery, besides a pattern would have been necessary. Three grooves were sawed around a length of brass rod and blades sweated into position with Nokorode. Slightly cleaned with emery cloth, it gave a workman-like appearance to the whole model, and all in less time than the construction of a pattern would have required. —Everyday Engineering Magazine Experiment Station. 53 AGATEWARE CAN BE SOLDERED. THE INSTRUCTIONS TELL HOW. 54 50L0EREO SEAM 5 P H -* H m T Z O 7 O 5 z z Soldering Kink No. 133 To Strengthen Seams. The cut will show how to sol- der and strengthen an upright joint, such joints are used and made by cor- nice makers on metal walls and ceil- ings. First solder the lap seam by using Nokorode salt or paste as a flux, using in addition plenty of solder; solder about twelve inches at a time, theu rest your hot iron for a second or so on the soldered seam in the posi- tion shown in the cut, continue tins process until entire seam is finished. HENRY STRAFFER. Soldering Kink No. 134 Prevents Hot Solder from Dropping. TOO SIDE ONIT The cat will show that when doing overhead soldering or perpendicu- lar work it is impos- sible to get the solder t : -omain in the right place if your iron is timed or shiny on all four sides, therefore file your iron clean d vvn to the copper, pul a small amount of Nokorode paste or the salts in a solution on only one side of the hot clean iron and then rub on a little solder and wipe clean. Your iron is now ready to do any job overhead or upright without having the solder drop on ^J^^T^i™^' neath it. WILLIAM biOkUEk. Soldering Kink No. 13.1 Nokorode Soldering Flux Dauber In the cut is shown a No. 11 Blaisdell Ink Eraser, this is in pencil form, made of fine spun glass, it is an ideal Nokorode applicator when used as a brush. Unwind the paper covering until about one-half inch of the glass is bare, get an ordinary pencil cap or shield with closed end to cover the point when not in use, and you can carry your Nokorode dauber fastened to your pocket by the clip without getting clothes soiled, the same as a fountain pen, and dauber will always be handy. There is nothing better for applying Nokorode to the hot iron when you are tinning it, because it is not effected by the heat. Soldering Kink No. 92 Stopping Leaks in Gas Fixtures. I have found "Nokorode" a great paste for soldering combination gas fixtures when you often have gas leaks in the gas arm. First you get off the lacquer on the arm where it screws into the body of the fixture, put on the "Nokorode" and apply the solder. FRANK SCOTT. 55 Soldering Kink No. 83 To Repair Leak in Aluminum or Enamel Ware. Everyone who has tried soldering alumi- num or enameled household ware has found — it next to impossible. However, 1 have made a discovery that O I think will be of use to many. If the hole is only a tiny one, enlarge it to about 1-16 in. with a nail or a file shank. r^. ^ Then with a hot, sharp pointed soldering * \j ■ >!_£ ^* iron put a drop of solder in the hole. You a b will find the largest part of it stays on top, while a little of it will run through the hole, as shown at (A). While the solder may not stick or be tight when cool, you can easily head up the drop which runs through, making a double- headed rivet, as shown at (B), which will hold most any liquid. H. C. WING. Soldering Kink No. 84 Bracing Bicycle or Motorcycle Spokes,, Last season I experienced a great deal of trouble with spokes breaking in the rear wheel of my "Indian" motorcycle, caused by continuous vibration. In the latter part of the sea- son 1 hit upon a little kink that worked wonders. On parh interaction of two vVV^^WV^?/ \\ spokts 1 UvistuJ u small piece of wire, tying them together. I then applied "Nokorode" to jSQiptRtP «« w the j oint and soldered the whole together. This made a tie near the centre of each spoke and stopped all vibration. I was not troubled with broken spokes after this treatment. H. C. WING. Soldering Kink No. 123 Soldering Small Wires. In rewinding coils with small wire one often breaks the wire or comes to a splice and usually has to go to the trouble of lighting his torch and heat- ing his iron. I use the following method to ob- viate this trouble and find it much quicker. I keep on hand a quantity of small strips of tin foil about one inch by one-quarter inch, also small strips of tissue paper. When I make a splice I apply a little "Nokorode" and wrap the joint with one of the small strips of tin foil and hold the joint over a lighted match or candle for a few 7 seconds — just long enough to melt the foil and let the surplus run off. Then I wrap with tissue paper and go ahead winding. This operation can be completed in a minute and is very convenient and a time saver. HARRY METCALF. 56 FOLO MERE SHEET TIN 8EN0 HSRE Soldering Kink No. 89 A Handy Lug A hand* hip nr battery connector mar be made in,. , u cotter pin having a hole in the head sufficiently large to fit smMr over a battery binding post. ° lo make the connector, wind a piece of No. 20 wire around the legs of the cotter pin and secure by a drop f solder ^„f f T hpe and y ° U have a Iu S tha <= can be used to great advantage in many ways. LACY CONWAY, MODERN MECHANICS. Soldering Kink No. 90 Brush to Apply Soldering Paste. While visiting the main elec- 1 trical shop at No. 1 Mill, I 1 noticed a Soldering Kink card on the wall. The kinks are very good, and I have one that I think is worth one dollar to anyone who uses your paste. We use it here, and it comei in very handy. I have sketched it out as best I could. GEO. E. SYKES. ooldciiuy imuv .No. 91 Soldering Commutator Lead Wires. In looking over your circular I noticed "Soldering Kink No. 12," in regard to the angle of soldering irons. Our custom is somewhat dif- ferent. Most of our work is large, viz., 20 to 100 H. P. motors. The way we taper our irons is shown in sketch attached. In this way you can solder each bar by itself. We are able to solder a commutator and when finished do not have to turn the solder off. W. H. DAVISON. Soldering Kink No. 126 Solderless Connectors Should be Soldered on Telephone and Telegraph Work. After a Ion? hunt on a tele- phone circuit, trouble was found about seven miles down the line, in the middle of a span, and caused by a "Solder- less Connector," put there no doubt when the line was strung. One side was split from end to end. The cause of the split was too many turns of the sleeve. Still it had held for years without making trouble, but it made enough trouble in 6 months to cut years off the lives of all concerned. The wire was worn and corroded and by turning very slightly it would go "wide open. " TELEPHONY PUBLISHING CO. 57 Soldering Kink No. 130 Soldering Fine Wires to Large Parts. There is one principle in soldering that must be invariably followed to insure a first class job. Doth of the parts to be soldered must be hot enough so that the sol- der will melt and adhere to them. The cut shows a tin strap which will require considerable more heat than the fine wire (B). The strap is heated first and some -older is allowed to ac- ««milate on it at (A). As the melted solder will heat the small wive almost instant- ly, the soldering iron is removed and the win- put into the heat- ed solder before it has time to cool. Fine wire or wire known as tin; el is difficult to solder in ftnv other way because it burns so quickly. TELEPHONY PUBLISHING Co. Soldering Kink No. 127 Soldering Carbon. One often wants to make a good connection to a carbon or graphite Motor Brush or Battery Carbon. This can be done by electroplating the tips with copper and then tinning and soldering the connection to it. To plate the copper make a satu- rated solution of blue vitro! and water— immerse a piece of sheet cop- per and connect to the carbon "pole of a battery of two dry cells. Connect the article to be plated to the zinc pole of the battery and dip end of carbon to be plated in the solu- kitiou as deep as the plating is wanted. When the end is sulncieutly plated remove and thoroughly wash in water and dry. The carbon can now be easily soldered with ''Xokorode." HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 128 Soldering Ground Wire to Lead Pipe. One thing that I have learned is how to solder a ground wire to a lead water pipe in a vertical position with cold water running through it — acid is no good for this. One of the best things to use in soldering lead is "Nokorode." First cut a small gash in the pipe as shown at (A), wind wire around pipe in this gash using a little flux and apply solder and iron together. Don't have the iron too hot or the solder will spatter, as the pipe is cold. ROY C4. WARDWELL. 58 i Severing New I hi Contact S Hold hot until it •"' the ; Nokorode ; ■ it until it st to drill out tint.) GLENN METCAJ . Soldering Foil in Condensers,, ■ ■ sheet as the iron is applh • they may 1 not very L ■wires well tini The m: in Pty cond foil an Soldering Kink No. Grounding Wire Fences. It i: ion. the grow or V. 1 : the ground ion. tern ca I ■wire, either by means of small wire bonds (15) or as shov the cut at (A), which I think is I The ground wire is wrappe and if about 3 inches is left projecting vertically for a point it is much more effective. The joint (A) is thoroughly soldered by applying "Noko- rode" and solder, using a blow torch. Joints at (B) should also be soldered with use of "Nokorode." HARRY METCALF. 59 verticil I hood. -hi. Soldering Kink No. 99 Holder for Motorcycle Tank-Filler Cap. A holder which will prevent the loss of the filler cap on a motorcycle gasoline tank is shown in the sketch. It consists of a short piece of small chain. soldered to the inside of the filler cap, and a piece of stiff wire, fastened on the other end, as shown. Drop the wire and chain into the gasoline tank and it will be impossible to lose the cap. ABNEB B. SHAW. Soldering Kink No. 100 Waterproofing Hinge Joints on Automobile Hoods. Automobiles of the cheaper grades, of which there are many, never are supplied with a cov- ering on the hood hinges to keep out the rain This trouble may be overcome by placing a bent strip of metal over the hinges, the upper R part being soldered to the top of the hood while the lower part is bent to form a close fit with the but left unsoldered to permit the opening of the POPULAR MECHANICS. Soldering Kink No. 106 Soldering Bonded Rail Joints for Signal Work. Signal work generally requires the rails to be bonded with about Xo. 6 copper wires. The following is an easy method: The web of the rail is drilled slightly larger than the wire and reamed or countersunk on opposite side to make same bright. The next operation is to tin wire and apply "Nokorode" to hole in rail. Heat from a good blow torch is ap- plied from opposite side until solder can be melted by touching to oppo- site side and the wire is inserted and allowed to slightly project and more solder is applied and a perfect ioiT«+ results. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink Xo. 104 Small pieces of solder, when the bars become too short to use, are gen- erally thrown away. If saved they may be melted or cast into bars or strips by means of wooden forms like the cut. Molten mass should be well stirred before pouring. HARRY METCALF. COPPER WIRE •t-WEB SOLDER COPPER' "" WIRE ENLARGED v/£v\f OF WE& Mould for Solder. 60 SOLDER / •1 PIECE OF .SOLOEK FflSTENEP TO THE METAL OF THE KNtrr h L? "THE 6ROKENOFF HORN ifV PLACE Soldering Kink No. 98 Repairing a Broken Stag Handle on a Knife. The staghorn on my pocket- knife split, allowing a part, for about one-half the length of the handle, to slip away from the rivets. I quickly repaired it by filing a groove in the broken part of the horn, as shown in the sketch, and slightly beveling the edge as in countersinking a hole. Tlie broken piece was re- placed and pressed firmly under the rivet heads. After cleaning the brass lining of the handle and applying llux, I filled the groove full of solder, then dressed it down to the proper shape. In a longer break two or more grooves could be used with success. C. E. STEWART, JR. Soldering Kink No. 102 Soldering Brace on Ford Radiator. When the side sup- ports of a Ford Ra- diator break off or crack. secure two pieces of brass about as thick as a dime and 3 3-4 inches by 6 inches in size. 1 3-4 inches from one end. bend at right angles to fit close in the broken corner of radiator. Clean and tin both radiator and patch and sweat the patch on to the radiator. It might be well to solder all around the edges with an iron. Then drill holes and put three tinners rivets through on the back side of the patch and drill the holes for the support bolt and wires and you have a stronger radiator than ever before. GLENN METCALF. Soldering Kink No. Ill Solder Connections for Copper or Iron Wire. To prevent corro-ion it is not considered good practice to make an unsoldered joint where the copper wire is connected to iron wire. Such connections must be made in telephone work where an insulated copper wire is attached to the iron drop wire. The following device may be of help to those who have not be- come skilled in the methods generally used. A piece of tin, the size of which depends on the length of the joint and size of the wires, is cut as shown in the sketch. For a joint where No. 19 gauge copper wire is wrapped around a No. 12 gauge iron wire the width A, should be V-, inch. Bend the body A over the joint and crimp the projections B at both ends over, to hold it in place. The space in the tin is filled with melted solder. This will make a well soWered joint that will not corrode. EARL DANIEL. ■ < ]{ in J] Al Soldering Kink No. 115 Soldering Clamps. A c o n v e n ieni clamp for holding a variety of small parts to be sol- dered together can easily be made as follows: A soft pine block about one half foot square by one half inch thick is bored full of holes and two or more electrical binding posts mounted as shown. By means of the numerous holes in the block, the posts may easily be moved to suit the work to be soldered. By using bind- ing posts similar to those shown, either round or flat, work may be held in any desired position. HAKRY L. METCALK lirtt Soldering Kink No. 114 Convenient Place to Keep Nokerode. In the end of the handle (A) of my small iron which I guse for delicate work I bored a one-half inch hole (D) two and one-half inches deep and keep it full of "Nokorode." (B) is a cork with short piece of wire (C) attached, to ap- ply Nokorode with. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 108 Repairing Telephone Induction Coil. This PRIMARY con. ^^d* ^\\\\\\\\\\\m\\\^ -^*^ diagram explains how I repaired a tele- phone wire that broke off at the induction coil. I took a smalt shoemakers brad (A) and wound the wire (C) around it four times at (B) and then wedged it in the pri- mary after soldering the wire (C) at (B), making a good and substantial connection. I used "Nokorode" paste which I alwavs use when soldering, EVERETT SMITH. SECONDARY COIL SHOE BRAD ^ I/VOUCT/O/V COIL FOR TELEPHONE WORK 62 The Fan was "Busted" Something was wrong. It didn't give the refreshing breeze that this man was accustomed to expect from it. On inspection it was found that the collar to which the blades were fastened was loose. Therefore, the blades made only one revolution to every two or three of the motor shaft. A little Nokorode and solder sweated the collar on in a few minutes. -- Everyday Engineering Magazine Experiment Station" 63 SAVING HIS BICYCLE. 64 Soldering Kink No. 106 To Solder Terminal on Ignition Wires. Cut insulation off for about % inch on end of cable (Fig. 2), and clean. Run end of wire through small hole in terminal (Fig. ~ .p.. ,, 1) 5 bend edges (A B C U) over cable, then turn terminal over, bend end of wire down, apply "Nokorode" paste and solder. This not only makes a strong job but makes a first class electrical joint. Most mechanics fail to solder terminals, but use this sug- gestion and get better results. GLENN" METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 107 Soldering Splices in Electric Wires. Tn m a k i \t splice or branch r3Z IN. SPACE connection do not ; wrap the adjacent ^^^ vl' turns too closelv 1-32 inch so that the solder will readily flow to both wires, making a perfect con- nection. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 100 Soldering Copper Clad Wires. When a splice is made on copper clad iron wire, it is /A impossible to keep from cut- ^^232^^2%^^^ ting throu S h copper, as at When left in this condi- tion, moisture soon starts a chemical action, which causes rust and results in a bad splice, The best way I know to avoid this is" to carefully solder the splice and tin all of the place where the copper coatinj been punctured. :his is easily accomplished by the use of "Nokorod solder will go any place "Nokorode" does and easily flows over the injured parts. HARRY METCALF. 63 Soldering Kink No. 103 Stopping Oil Leaks in Ford Crank Cases. Sometimes Ford crank cases leak at the rivets (A) which hold the back support to the crank case. These may be re-riveted and then cleaned all around each rivet on the inside of case and then the head thoroughly covered with solder. Be sure to have the rivets and crank case cleaned thoroughly so the solder will flow freely and unite the two parts. Try this; it will save lots of oil. GLENN METCALF. Soldering Kink Mo. 118 Solder Telephone Joints Wherever Possible. Soldered joints can't be beat, and it is often necessary to solder in- terior duplex and drop wires to make some other connection. A very simple and quick way is to solder each contact as at (A). It is best to apply the heat from the middle of the flame so as not to smoke up the joint and prevent the solder from sticking. YV. A. HEIDLE. Soldering Kink Xo. 119 To Fasten Small Wheel on Telephone Generator. "When a small wheel (or cog) on a telephone generator is worn out and you haven't one of the right kind to replace it, you are sometimes up against it. We have repaired them by taking a wheel of the same size, but sometimes with a hole (C) in it very much larger than the spindle (A). Place a tight washer on the spindle and tin the spindle and the hole in the wheel, place the wheel on the spindle and fill the space with solder at (B). To get the spindle in the center of the wheel, take the magnets off the generator and place it on end in a vice with the wheel on top and turn slowly while the solder is hot and the small wheel becomes time and runs as smooth as a new one. F. E. DRYSDALE, Commercial Telephone and Telegraph Co., B.obinson, I1L 66 Soldering Kink N« ol Solder Your Buttons Instead of Sewing Them. " Of course on the first thought the idea of soldering on buttons seems rather impracticable, but the boys in the shop here find it a very- useful idea. Probably the largest of the users of "Nokorode" wear over- alls. The buttons on most overalls are riot Sewed on, but made in two pieces riveted together not any too firm. A sudden strain on the shoulder straps will pop the buttons off and then a fellow soon loses his pants. Now thread, needles and buttons are not found m a great many shops, but "Nokorode" and solder OUGHT to be found in ANY place of business, and all you have to do is place the two parts of the button together, put a little "Nokorode" in the socket of the button and drop in a little hot solder with an iron. Presto! the iob is done and the button is more secure than ever before. H. C. WING. Soldering Kink No. 40 Convenient Receptical for Soldering Flux. I am a firm user of Nokorode and have a little sug- gestion to make, one which 1 am using and like it very well. 1 have a grease cup of middle size and instead of carrying a box of Nokorode around in my kit, I fill this grease cup which will stand hard knocks in the kit which the Nokorode can will not. Now when I have a joint to solder 1 lake my grease cup filled with Nokorode and give tV.e top of cup a little turn which will cause very little Nokorode to come out on joint; if I have too much out I turn it back a little and in that way I save quite a little paste and I can carry it around in my pocket and it is also always ready. . The grease cup can be used indefinitely while paste in a collapsible tube is much more expensive than when sold in ordinary containers; col- lapsible tubes can be used but once, by buying NOKORODE in a 1 lb. package and us>.ng the grease cups, my expense for flux is very small. PADL SONTAG, Scvanton, Pa. Soldering Kink No. 47 This Soldering Iron more than Doubles Factory Output. I designed this device for soldering battery connectors. It worked very satisfactorily on account of the flame being so far away from the soldering point that there is not corrosion and no interruption in the work. One thousand connections 1 JL_ were soldered per hour. Th« ,^es^=s heat can easl , y be regu i ate d by moving gas burner back and forth HUGO CARLBORG, Providence, R. I. r Jetderlng Petri* H therl iattei y contact will [ in >ss on thi ol lamp ani 1 com ■ e the current. POPULAR Ml OH \NICS Kink No I To Sweat a Buffing Wheel on a Shaft. Clean off the collar on the shaft, tin over with solder and Nokorode. Heat the shaft and slowly tap on the Buffing Wheel. When it has set it makes a tight joint that will withstand the blowa of a 25-pound hammer. T. O'HARA. iring Kii ;. Showing that the Art of Soldering is Useful even to a Society Man. Recently I bought a set of Pearl Shirt Studs and Cuff Links to wear with my dress shirt. The Shirt Studs were of the design shown in the sketch. These are made with the intention of putting a burr on the end of the rod at "A", After being used several times, however, the little burr wore down so that the rod would slide through the slot "B" at "C". Last evening when 1 went to put on my shirt I found that the rod would not stay in. It would keep slipping through the slot. I got out the "Nokorode" Solderkit and nut the very smallest portion of "Nokorode" that I could get on the point of a pin on the end of the rod. Then I heated the Soldering Iron on the Gas Stove in su< way there was a bubble of melted solder on the iron. I then laid the stud on a piece of board So as not to conrhrt the heat away too fast and held the Soldering iron unci' point so that just a little daub of solder stuck to the Shirt Stud at "A". It is now so securely fastened into the slot of the stud that it is impossible for it to be lost, and jet it will slide back and forth as designed. This saved me buying a new set of Studs for which I would have to pay at least .fe.50. The Solderkit cost me new only $1.00 and I will find uses for it continually. O. H. ROBINSON. 69 -G v Soldering Kink No. 181 Filling Flaws in Reliner Cores In reliner cores which j>5-.iNcnES are made of cast iron the flaws and sand holes are plugged "with lead at the foundry. Constant nse of the cores causes the pings to sink in, which makes warts on the reliner. To remedy this de- fect I tried several ways, including iron cement and babbit, without suc- cess, so I hit on the idea of soldering them — which is as follows: Taking a gonge chisel I cut out the old lead and doved in the sides of the hole to hold the plugs, then I polished the top of the hole with a file, applied "Xokorode"' and with a soldering iron and solder filled the hole, tinning at the polished top. Smooth with a fine rasp; it makes a plug you can scarcely find, and solder being harder than lead, it will last much longer. JOS. GROCOTT. Soldering Kink No. 198 Nokorode Applier Take a piece of some springy metal and cut METOL a ' )l,u t 1$ i n ch longer than the diameter of the "Xo- korode" box lid and . ; £ inch wide. A piece of clock spring will answer the purpose very well. This will be always at hand when you wish to put the paste on any arti- cles to be soldered. It saves you from getting your knife blade all covered with paste, or you will not have to make a special piece of wood every time you are doing a job. A. GEMMELL. Soidering Kink No. 188 Protecting Wire Insulation, Etc. While Soldering in Close Places Great care has to be taken in cases where soldering has to be done in conduits, cables and, in fact, any place where the blow- torch has to be used. If a piece of flexible sheet asbestos is secured the size of the opening where the soldering has to be done, and put between the wire to be soldered and the other wires or apparatus, you will find that a blow -torch can be used where otherwise you would have to use a soldering copper. A piece of asbestos carried around in the tool bag will be found a life saver many times. A. GEMMELL. NOKOROCK BOX LIP or OF LIP STRIP 'A Inch. 70 Soldering KinkNo. 137-A Wiping Joints. The art of wiping a joint was considered in olden times to be one of the most important and difficult of the plumbers' business When the plumber was working on a new building and he was about ready to wipe a joint the cry was sent up for every- body to stop hammering or making noise and hold their breath, because the plumber was going to wipe a joint. It was also i idered necessary and of great importance to • have various kinds of solder in different pots, to do various wiping joints. _ When wiping brass to lead, it required a pot of one kind, and tin to lead, it required another pot with a different kind of g •liter in it, etc. Today the modern plumber uses one pot of solder and only one grade of solder on all the different processes, and if he is a rjhmiber who understands his business thoroughly he will use ; NOKORODE SOLDERING PASTE for the most important part of the process - tinning, the joints. OUTFIT FOR WIPING A MOLESKIN JOINT— This consists of two wipe cloths, one usually caked mole skin (Fig. 1.). and one holder made of ticking (Fig. 2.). These are made in different sizes according to the length of the joint that is going to be wiped. Wipe cloths and holders meas- ure about V-. inch larger than the joint to be made. The most suitable solder for wiping a joint is termed Super- fine Solder, which is composed of ? parts lead to 1 part tin. FIG. 2. Fi<3 HOLDER MADE OF TICKING Good wiping solder will turn bright after pouring, and is shiny in spots. This Solder should be melted in an iron pot. Solder is ready to pour when it will run from the ladle like water (Fig. 3.). FI6.3 71 LEAD PIPES TO BE JOINED TOGETHER CLEAN HERE «s!Dass Fk, 4 cleaned 2 inch and the other ]A inches FIRST PROCESS IN WIPING A JOINT— The two pieces of lead pipe that are going to be joined together should be cleaned (Fig. 4), according to the length of wipe desired; this joint was wiped 2 inches, so one end was R i: Fl F One piece of pipe is made into a cone shape. To do this take a piece of wood or iron and beat the lead pipe to the shape you need. (Fig. 5.). The other piece of pipe to be joined, having been cleaned 1 l / g inches is placed into the cone shaped end (Fig. 6.), and then the large PIECE OF PAPER I IN. WIDE PASTED AROUND PIPE i 1 imrnm' 777771 HUH'lltlMhl Fio. 7 part of cone is hammered over slightly with a piece of iron or stick. (See Fig. 7.). When the joints are in posi- tion, take two strips of paper 1 inch wide and paste them around the pipe at the edge of the part cleaned. (Fig. 7.). This will give you an even, smooth finish and will prevent the solder from sticking at these places. APPLY VERY SMALL CAUTION — After once cleaning QUANTITY OF the ends, either by scraping or fil- lv)OKORODE HERE ing, do not touch the shiny parts 4- with your hand or the solder will not adhere properly. Fig. 8 E06E5 OF CONE HAM- MERED DOWN 72 SOLDER SECOND PROCESS, TIN- NING THE JOINT - This is possible by using a very small quantity of Nokorode Soldering Paste sither with a brush or a little on a cloth. Much care should be used in not apply- ing TOO MUCH NOKORODE. All that WITT ^ is necessary is to barely see slight traces of it on the pipe after it is done. The joint is noiv ready for tinning. [See Fig. 8.]. PROCESS NO 3. - Take the holder in left hand and hold it in position under side of pipe (Fig. 9.). Begin to pour molten solder from ladle slowly in a circular motion [Fig.. 10.]. Catch surplus solderon holder. Continue to pour on the joint until it becomes semi- plastic, like solt irifwmmmiw^mMmmiN\ putty. y. "" '^j_ 'Jl W''v r !iLil^ ' Now bring the hand with the hol- der from underneath to the top so that the solder is all bunched on the upper side of joint. [Fig. 11.]. Take a little more molten solder in the ladle and pour on top of this. Just as soon as it begins to run like grease, put what you have on the holder right up close to the under side of the pipe. Put down ladle and with right hand take mole- skin, holding it as in (Figs. 12 an J 13. Now bring the left hand to the top and bunch the solder on top again, as in (Fig. 11.). With the right hand and wip- ing cloth, wipe it with a downward motion, and continue to wipe all around until the two piece of pipe are shiny like tin. (See Fig. 14.). [Fieri o Fig. 11 73 Fig. )3 CAUTiON— THE PROCESS OF TINNING THE JOINT IS THE MOST ESSENTIAL PART OF THE WHOLE BUSINESS. FINAL PROCESS OF WIPING JOINT— Repeat the same as Process No. 3. Quickly mould the bunched solder into the shape required and finish wiping joint, following the motions as in (Figs. 15, 16, 17. 18.). Don't hurry, but work fast enough so that your solder does not get too cold, if it should get too cold pour more solder on joint and re- peat final process, and do so until you have made a good job, shown in (Fig. 19.) PRACTISE MAKES PERFECT. C. GEO. EDMOND. SHOWS JOINT WELL TINNED ^" iU,t m B"""""U Fig. 14 74 F». 11 to make a smooth surface. Bore lour of five small Imli'S >," in diam eter the the side about ;-i from top top and solder to the in- a tin pie This is a very fine thing for baby chicks, and it a larger foun- tain is needed, for full-grown hens a larger can and tin plate may be used. A - <*EMMELL. Soldering Kink No. 20 i Small Wire Connections in Large Binding Post Une ■ .ten has to put a small wire in a large i aiding post, which does not screw down far enough to clamp wire, or the screw is somewhat small and wire gets between screw and side of hole as shown. To make a good connection) scrape t 1m- wire for a dis- ^re tanee of (5 times the diameter of binding posi and double it ou itself 4 or 5 times as i jg|. shown, leaving about l an inch or so of bare wire to wrap around the doubled parts to hold them together Now apply "Nokorode"' and run full of solder. This saves solder- ing on a 'clip or lug and makes a good job, Enough wire can be left to give a wrap or two (B) around insulation to keep it from raveling. „... . T ,, BARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 2 OH Soldering Small Work to Latho Face Plate. I (*nd the stunt of soldering many small articles to the face plate of a lathe the quickest way of chucking them. .Man;, articles can only be chucked in this manner, due to their irregular shape or size. 1 got the idea from seeing a jeweler cement lii- woik to a chuck in his lathe. I have made a brass face plate ami use ii about as much as I do my scroll chuck; even use it for :•■'■ oring small motor bearings. HARRY METCALF, 84 Soldering Kink No. 210 Tinning Small Tools to Pre vent. Rusting. Any one who uses fine tools knows how hard it is to keep them from rusting. 1 tried an experiment on a small steel rule which I haJ polished and sand-papered so much that the figures and graduations were becoming faint. I cleaned the rule thoroughly, applied "Nokorode" and tinned it, wiping all surplus solder off with a piece of canvas moistened in "Nokorode," until L looked like silver plated. I used block tin as a solder, and while it turns a little after a while, it is easily rubbed up witli a piece of cloth, and when tarnished it is much easier to read than when rusty. This could be applied to many small tools. Overheating must be avoided as it is apt to draw the temper. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 200 Repairing Leaky Valve tv ^ The following can easily be applied to most any 111 ' JY ' " kind of a valve which has become leaky or worn. An ordinary globe valve is shown. Brass part fits against valve seat B. To repair take valve apart, clean part A on bottom and around edge and apply N'oko- rode on these surfaces. Now proceed to give it a heavy tinning, as smoothly as possible. Assemble valve and tighten up, using wrench on stem so as to mak° or force A to seat perfectly with B. This completes the job and valve is good for considerable more HARRY METCALF. service. Soldering Kini; No. 202 Corrode Proof Electrical Connections One of the principal causes of electrical troubles is dirty or cor- roded connections, as copper, brass ^Oj^^_ J J.r^ J anc ^ bronze very easily corrode, especially in places where they are exposed to dampness. If these parts are thoroughly cleaned and covered with soldering paste and then dipped into a pot of solder; which should not Ise too hot; a good coating is obtained. Other articles that are subject to corrosion may be treated the same way and you may rest assured that these parts will always look- neat and clean at very little expense. A. GEMMF.I.T.. 85 Soldering Kink No. 2 J 1 Repairing Cracked Cast Iron Radiator. I recently had a section of my steam radiator crack, on account of being frozen. I tried several soldering pastes, but to no avail; so at last I tried "Nokorode" and it worked tine. The radiator being cast iron, I smoothed the part near the crack with a fine file and then made a circle with some bread dough around the crack, after which I put a light layer of "Nokorode"' on the crack and inside the circle of dough. I then put a, thin layer of solder in the circle of dough, and. after cooling, I took the dough away; the layer of solder was fast, and I filed it down smooth to the surface of the radiator; found the crack was filled and O. K. I applied a little gilt. The mend is not noticeable, and the cost of a new section of radiator sav.l CHARLES M. BANKS. Soldering Kink No. 2 14 Fixing Worn Threads on Carbureter Valves We have a 60 B Horse Power Tractor. It had been used for four years when the regulating valves in the carburetor were worn in the thread so much that one could not regulate the mix- ture properly. New regulating valves would not do in the worn threads, so I cleaned the threads on the brass regulating valves, soldered r coating over them, cut away the solder with my jack- knife a little, screwed each one in with a socket wrench so the threads on the carburetor, cut the surplus solder away, and now the regulating valves fit just as tightly as new ones and the engine works like a new one. ROY CUAIX Soidering Kink No. 213 Tinning Small Brass Tubing. Recently it was desired to fix some brass tubing mi the fumes of chlorine on a water filter would have no affect on the brass. The tubing was 20 feet long and painting had unsuccessfully been tried on other pipe. Finally the pipe was tinned as follows, and is now proof against fumes: A ladle full of tin was melted, the tubing thoroughly sand- papered amd rubbed with a cloth saturated with "Nokorode," coiled up, and dipped into the molten tin. The surplus was imme- diately shaken off on removing from the ladle, and the tubing had nn even coating of tin. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 20G Making Lamp Cord Serve as a Belt. I needed a round belt, and, not having any round leather belt- ing at hand, I took an electric lamp cord, twisted the ends to- gether, and soldered the splice. The belt has been doing service for some time and is still in good condition. In order that the belt will run smoothly, have the surplus solder well wiped, par- ticularly if the belt runs over a pulley of small diameter. FRED H. M. DUNSEITH. 86 Soldering Kink No. 157 Repairing Broken Arm on Lighting Fixture. FLAME LAMPS SCREWED TO WALL I was working on some very ex- pensive imported fixtures, and when the job was nearly finished, one ot the fixtures was found with an arm broken off. The owner of the house, having got- ten the fixtures from an old Chateau in France, said the only people that could fix it was a French firm irt New York City. To send it away, would have delayed the job q^ite t while, so after thinking it over he consented to let my partner and my self fix it, which we did in the following manner: We first borrowed a plumber's gasoline fire pot. The break being clean, did not need any preparing. The fixture was of very heavy brass and required a great heat, while heatinp we kept putting on a little "Nokorode, and when both parts were heated enough to make solder run, we pressed them together and cooled with a wet cloth. As it wa^ an antique, it did not require polishing, and on the whole we made a strong, neat job. Enclosed you will find a drawing as near as I can remember «f the design. It was originally made for candles. F. J. ALTERSITZ. BROCK EN HR BRAZED WITH NOKORODE /5ND SOLDER CUPS- PRILLED POR WIRE -WIRE ON BACKOrflftM Soldering Kink No. 16S Repairing Broken Gasoline Pipes. A small tube that BROKEN PIPE was soldered in the inside of the broken pipe was made from, a piece of tin, and waa bent in the proper shape, by using a nail some- what near the diameter of the inside of the pipe. If the tube is made a snug fit, and everything cleaned and soldered properly, you will have a pipe as strong as a new one. Do not hcve the soldering iron too hot, as it will be liable to sweat too much solder into the main pipe. If care is taken, a good job can be done in a short time. A. GEMMELL. TIN TUBE 87 tb ^SOLPEREP HERE Soldering Kink No. 159 Soldering Cap on Bicycle Pump. Every bicycle pump I have ever had, the cap at top would pull off, if too long strokes were taken, and let the plunger pull out. Tins is due to t li ; .j tubing at:d poor threads. However, \ have fix d one, so it does not pull off. ::: ! <■ time can be easily removed, if necessary, to repair pump, The cap and cud of tube arc cleaned of all oil. or grease, scraped bright, "Nokorode'' applied and sol- dered to the tubing ail the way around. A small hole can now be drilled near the top to oil the plunger occasionally and pump need not be taken apart only to renew plunger, or repair inside, and if it has to be removed, solder can auickly be melted and top screwed off. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 161 Repairing Fountain Fen. 1 had previous- ly tried severai CZQ 4 LAPS OF COPPER WIRE TIN ALL AROUND CRRCK IN BARREL jewelers on the feasability of put- ting a small band on the split end of a Simplefiller Fountain Pen; all said the cost would be too great for the recovery. As I have had the pen for a numbei of years and was used to it, I did not wish to let it go for a new one, so tried your "Nokorode," with the result that the pen is just as serviceable as ever. The job ehould cost less than 2f> cents. .ROBERT A. ANDERSON. Soldering Kink No. Improved Soldering-iron Handles V>m\' a hole in the handle of the iron -ASBESTOS r/ 4 " or larger than diameter cf Vs" the the shank if possible, and roll thin sheet of asbestos around the ink about one-half the depth of the hole. Then insert and h a small Milking tool, caulk the asbestos in firmly, break i i some small bits and caulk to the top of the hole. This will abolish loose handles, caused by shank or handle, and will help to keep handle cool. A. GEMMELL. 88 Soldering Kink No. 169 Surface Cleaner for Soldering Purposes BRASS OR COPPER HANDLE; STEEL WIRE BRISTLES COPPER OR BR^SS WIF? Hero is a kink that I hope you will find suitable to print in Soldering - Kinks. While cleaning surfaces in preparation for soldering, especially in places where it is hard to get at with the knife blade, file, sandpaper or emery cloth, a surface cleaner of the style of the enclosed drawing will answer the purpose 0. K. The steel wire bristles I obtained out of an old file cleaner. The brass or copper handle is tapered like shown in tl. • drawing, the point is thoroughly cleaned and the steel wires or bristles are placed around it, and brass or copper wire is wound around them to keep them in place. Do not wind the wire too closely together. Then put some "Xokorode" Paste on and heat it so that it will run all in between the wires, then sweat some solder in around them and you will have a '"cleaner" that will last a life-time. The idea of making the "cleaner" tapered is that it can be got into deep places, such as inside of cooking utensils, etc. The tapered end of the handle should be made a little rough so that the solder and wires will hold better. This is a very handy tool. A. GEMMELL. ' Soldering Kink Nc- 194 Soldering Copper Sheets Together WOOC? . SCREWS T was having trouble in soldering sheets o 1 " copper together, face to face. These sheets were 2 inch x 2 inch square, and the soldering had to be a neat job. I tried sev- eral methods and fluxes COPPER SHEETS BO'ARP and here is the best re- sults I got: I took a piece of wood, like the drawing, with a smooth surface. I then cleaned the surface of the sheets thor oughly and put a thin coating of "Xokorode" on them. I Ik ■•■ put a double sheet of good clean tinfoil in between the sheets of copper to be soldered and used a good hot soldering iron. This method worked to perfection. A. GEMMELL. 89 REPAIRING ELECTRIC LIGHTING FIXTURE ?0 Soldering Kink No. l-' : Safety Solder Pot Rest, FIG.1. XPRINGf fl/BE/TO/ i/HEGT IRON Fig. 1 shows a safety solder pot rest; three spring3 are riveted to the sheet metal with a piece of sheet rsbestos in be* tween. When the pot is taken from the fire, it is set on this rest and the springs grip it firmly (Fig. 2) and it can be act down anywhere without danger of charring, or setting fire to anything. It also can be removed easily. A. GEMMELL, Soldering Kink No. 150 Repairing Burned Commutator. N0M5R0OVE nitEP WITH SOLDER COMMUTATOR BARS C=MICA INSULATtO! BETWEEN BARS .2- BARS CUT APART N03 SAW *!UT FILLED WITH PLAZ M5CA OR POWDERED MICA&SHELLAC An armature of a motor had been running for some time with several open circuited coils in it, which had burned the surface of the commutator very badly, and at one point the heavy flashing had burned a deep groove between two bars. When the winding was repaired, it was a w necessary to re- pair the commutator, or else turn it down to get the grooves out. The following method was used to repair the commutator: Scrape the grooves clean, also the top of the mica between the bars, then apply some "Nokorode" and fill the grooves with solder; take a hack-saw blade about as thick as the mica be- tween the bars and cut through the solder separating the bars fill the saw cut with plaz-mica, or a thick paste made of pow dered mica and shellac. This method saved about *A" copper on the commutator. T. SCHUTTER, 91 Soldering Kink No. L60 Makeshift Plumbers' Trap. SOLDER HERE PIPE 1 TIN CAN PIPE A makeshift water trap can easily be made by tak^ ing a tin can, with both ends in, and punching a hole in each end and sol- dering in the two pipes. Be sure each pipe goes beyond the centre of can, as shown in figure. Punch the holes such a size that pipe fits quite closely, apply "ISToko- rode" and run a little solder around the joint and the job is done. HARRY METCALF. Soldering Kink No. 1 ( i 4 Soldering With Electric Sad Iron. Any good Electric ^ f3® Laundry Iron will readily melt solder and can be used for small soldering in enuTgency cases, or around the house, soldering pans, etc. The point could also be tinned, which would be an im- provement. I have used two electric irons with current turned on to sweat two pieces of thin sheet copper togeth- er, where some pres- sure had to be applied along with the heat. The two surfaces were both tinned and placed between the irons and when sweat- ed together, current turned off and irons separated when cook An iron turned upside down, and current on, is also handy to lay a large article upon to furnish additional heat, when the eoldering iron is most too small to properlv heat the object. HARRY METCALF. 92 Soldering Kink No. 1 ■ ■ • ■ Broken Treasures Saved by Soldering. s=? mU VJASE METAL JARDINGRE-BRflSI BASKET A silver bud vase was sort as a Christmas present, but ar- rived in two pieces, the stem broken from the vase. A little "Nokorode" on edges of the break, a few drops of solder, care- fully applied to make the joint" neat, repaired the damage in a few moments and the vase is as good as new. A leg is broken from a brass jardiniere and must either be consigned to the dust heap, or be propped up by a book or block of wood. A few drops of solder, a touch of "Nokorode," and it is as "good as new.'' A brass basket, as illustrated, came through in a trunk, with the handle broken from the basket. It was a small job to solder the handle back to the basket, just a little "Nokorode," and a bit of solder, making the article O. K. again. R. D. BRIEM. Soldering Kink No. L65 Soldering SteeS Plate to Gasoline Engine Tank. STEEL PLATE SOLDERED TO GASOLINE TANK XH^ With "Nokorode/' I soldered a steel plate onto our gaso- line engine tank to screw the pipe into. I got the plate from the blacksmith and both he and the hard- ware man in town said I could never make the solder slick on it, but it d ; d stick because I used "Nokorode" and nev- er leaks air. ^s<> line. ROY COAO G 3 TANK Soldering Kink No. 152 Soldering Pipe Into a Tank. — p If the tank happens to be full, the | easiest way is to saw two slits in the end of the pipe at right angles to each other and bending them up at right angles to the pipe as shown. This gives more soldering surface and maker, a stronger job. Clean the tank where it is desired to attach pipe and tin with a hot iron and "Nokorode." Next tin the pipe and solder same to tank, a flame from a blow torch may be re- quired to do this and solder may be wiped with a piece of canvas dipped J into "Nokorode" as a wiping cloth and making a wiped joint. If the tank is full, the hole is punched from the inside after pipe is soldered into place. If the pipe is sawed and turned up a distance equal to \]/ 2 or 2 times the diameter of the pipe and if the tank is tin, or ordi- nary galvanized iron, the above joint will stand more than the tank, if the work is properly done. HARRY METCALF. LCD PIPE Soldering Kink No. 156 SOLDER HERE Fixing Worn Teeth of Cog- Wheel. Some time ago we were hav- ing considerable trouble with «• centrifugal pump, of the cog-wheel type, and upon in- vestigation we found that the teeth had become worn on the ends, due to worn bear- ings, allowing the teeth to make contact with the sides of casing. We cleaned the surface of each tooth, applied solder to them, after which we put them in a lathe, and trued them to size. This made a very neat and substantial job, after which the pump worked very satisfactory for a long period. E. R MANLEY. PINION TOOTH 94 Soldering Kink No. 154 Handy Holder For Chauffeur's License. BACK VIEW XIPEVIEW Chauffeurs' Li- censes are not the rip i / \ easiest things in the world to hook up or take off of one's clothes. This is the scheme I use, and have used for the past five years. : . Procure a patent clip (Fig. 1), scrape the back of license and clip so it ^ ill be bright. Apply "No- korode*' on license and clip. Apply a 'drop of solder on license. and then both can be soldered together. The whole job will appear like Fig. 2 when completed. With this attachment the license can be held on securely, or taken off in the fraction of a second. V. J. EUBANYI. Soldering Kink No. 1 5 1 Repairing a Worn Shaft. a PERFECT SHAFT (OT WORN 3HA el!Q T h e drawings show one perfect shaft, a n d one worn shaft. Not having a lathe, and wanting the worn shaft to be '■'good as new," I filed the worn part a little deeper all around, then drilled a 1 '16" hole at A, wrapped it with soft brass wire fastened with a drop of solder at B. and soldered the wire to the shaft all around. Then, with a file, dressed it down nearly to the size of the good shaft, and finished it with emery cloth. This gave it a brass bearing and it ran like a new one. The wire should be twice the thickness of the depth of the groove. If groove is ctft 1/32" the. wire should be 1/16". It takes but a few minutes to do this work. I forget to state that before wrapoing wire I placed one end in drilled holes. W. H. GRIFFITH. Soldering Kink No. 1 i i How To Remove Heat Tarnish Take. a clean piece of cloth and dip it in "Xokorode"' Soldering Paste and then dip it- into whiting, and rub the tarnished parts thoroughly, and with very little effort you will have the appa- ratus looking the same as ever. A. GEMMELL, 95 Soldering Kink No. 1 76 Adjustable Soldering Stand TAP THIS JflW RIVETS Nfc HEAVY . the side view and ('.'the back view. The vent hole should not be made any larger than I 1 -/' in diameter. The gas plate should be placed in the middle of the furnace, a hole should be made in the side of the furnace so the nipple on the gas plate can project out through it. The drawing shows how simple one of the furnaces are to make. Here is how the (day mixture is made. Mix 10 parts good, (dean iron filings or borings and 10 parts dry pulverized (day. Be sure to mix thoroughly, then pour on enough vinegar for thoroughly kneading until the whole is in a uniform plastic mass. Then v\et the inside of the furnace with thick clay water, stand the furnace on end. and with a putty knife the (day lining can he put oh in a short time. Use the mixture right away, as it will harden in a short time. After you have it in place; let it set for a day or so; after you'have had the gas plate lit for an hour or so the clay mixture will be as hard as fire brick. Make the hole in the side of the furnace large enough so that the v gas plate can be put in easily. A. GEA1MELL. 98 Soldering Kink No. 201 Lamp Domes That Have To Be Re-Soldered Many articles have to be thrown away, such as lamps, domes, gas fixtures, etc., beeause they have been broken or have come apart where they have been soldered, and the owners think if they are re-soldered they will look badly. Some have covered these parts with silver or gold bronze, but the bronze does not hold its color and will flake off. The fol- lowing method has overcome this trouble: After the article has been soldered put on a thick coat of bronze and let it dry thoroughly. Then give the bronzed parts a coat of spar varnish, and you will have a job that will stand the test. " A. GEMMELL, Soldering Kink No. 193 PIT HOLE/ Filling Pit Holes in Castings The cut shows a fly wheel. It is not only difficult but almost impossible to secure these castings without pit holes, which detract from the appearance of the wheel after it is polished. To over- come this difficulty I filled the holes with solder and scraped it smooth. The result was wonderful. BROTHER DENIS, C. S. C. ooldering Kink No. 17 1 To Securely Fasten a Switch Lever Screw to Base SOLPER I herewith enclose a sketch of a little wrinkle I have been using for some time by the use of "Xokorode." _ To securely fasten a switch lever screw to a base m such a manner that it cannot become loose, and without using a nut under the base, simply make the required size hole on the top side of the base to accommodate the screw used, and on the bot- tom is made a larger opening, screw down the lever to the re- quired position, letting the screw come through the opening as S Ptece the connecting wire in the hole or space, apply a little "Nokorode" and with the hot soldering iron fill the_ hole with solder; the screw as well as the connecting wire is securely fastened. 99 Soldering Kink No. 19 1 Repairing Bell Circuit on Telephone I saved a telephone W- SMALL WIRES X- 30LPER and quite a bit <>f, trouble, too. by "mend- ing" my own phone. The tiny insulated wires became loose from receiver liar inside box ■ — ones that connected with batteries — my phone was "dead." "Willi soldering paste and only home tools T soldered all per-' feetly. That was months a.e,o and it is still in order. 'A penny saved is a penny earned."' ESTELLE M. DAVIDSOX. soldering Kink No. 1 79 Aii Improved Splicing Lleeve A number of times I have had repair jobs to do where wires had to be spliced, and the wires were not long enough to make a good splice in the usual way. In such cases as wires breaking oil' held coils, magnet r oils, in trunk lines, etc. It does the wire no good to try and stretch it so as to make the connection. The drawing shows a simple sleeve that can he made very easily. The small pieces cut out are for the ends of the wires, which should have a short bend in them; when the sleeve is bent around the wires the bend will project through a little and the wires cannot slip out while you are sweating in the solder. The seam in the sleeve gives you a good chance to get the solder in properly. You will find this to be a practical method. A. GEM M ELL. Soldering Kink No. 192 Protector While Soldering Electrical Instruments CLIPS ASBESTOS Enclosed find sketch of an asbestos shield to be Used on very small irons, in cases where electrical instruments are to be soldered, such as volt-meters, mag- netos or. in fact, any apparatus where electrical connections are to he soldered. As a general rule these places are inside the eases and a shield of this kind will keep the iron from inter- fering with any of the delicate parts. The shield can be snapped on after the iron is heated and will work 0. K. A. GEMAIELL. 00 SOLDERKIT IN CAMP 101 ALL TYPES OF CARS NEED OCCASIONAL JOBS OF SOLDERING 102 Soldering Kink No. 166 How to Make a Selfheating and Adjustable Soldering Copper coupling/ bra// pipe AIR \AGNT s/ietNCH^ kImhchGA/JET WOOD HANDLE TUBE JM ,SOLDER Take a % inch *» J"^ ft^M gas jet of brass, threaded outside to «^3S^ t l/o 8 4 inch hole part way, as shown in cut and a ^ mau " x cl [ oxx ^ to at the end. At the other end make ,tto. brie W^ ^ drive in a / 8 inch brass tube to extend t trough Uie ^ ?f g^e^A ^MS^M gas^pe makes this very clean and handy for local work. ^^ CARLB0RQ> Soldering Kink No. 183 Soldering a Tube to a Fiat Surface I have used some of your "Nokorodc" Sol- dering Paste, which I find to be perfect. First apply a llUh a? & set a: & > ^ -* *r "'* ss drill a l'»l»t hro V' t ^ fl 1 ,^t Jill L very difficult to make a If the hole is drilled first it WU M «ij" fce j, So^oX" a „d S i "It, IS hole SSt MM first and JS££ Plug Pot in to keep the solder from runnmg oot.^ Soldering Kink No. 196 u , T« Make A Good Ground Connection While the solder is cooling clean the pipe |- 0Q ti hten b to go on and apply ™*££ „**£ wit^torch, tight- it up good and sweat both cl amp «*" 1 l f the sol . ening the clamp a little to take np the ^eft ^ der's melting. The result is a neat and P pmLIp g^AMS. nection. 103 Soldering Kink No. 1 70 Bolting a Box on Compensator No. 1 o o No.2. n O No.3. : "i i y i! ii COMPENSATOR Not being able to get my hand inside of Compensator to fasten nut on bolt I made up a jig as shown: Take a piece of flat iron y<& x 1 x 15 inches and drill hole in end according to size of bolt. Then solder a piece of flat brass under each hole so nut won't fall through as in No. 3. If bolt is a bit longer than thickness of box and depth of nut, you may drill hole in brass so that bolt can pass through. This I found very useful and hope you "will consider it so. HERBERT GIEBLER. Soldering Kink No.lOo How To Do Side Soldering ,SHEET ASBESTOS WOODEN BLOCK Here is a kink that is worth while remember- ing. Men are liable to B run up against a job of soldering where the only way to do a good job is to lay the arti- cle down on its side. Here is a way "that can be used in many cases and save lots of time. A. shows how the block can be made to solder a round surface. B. is a side view, showing how the block is made to solder a flat surface. First prepare the surface in the usual manner, then make a few beads of solder and have them on top of the block so that you can work them in when wanted. After a little practice you can make a race smooth job. The block is intended to keep down solder waste, and while the solder y, yet hot a slight rolling upwards of the block will act partly the same as wiping a joint. A little pow- dered graphite or plumbago rubbed on the surface of the asbestos will keep the solder from sticking to it. Give this a trial, as this is one of the things that looks im- possible, but will work 0. K. A. GEMMELL. 104 Soldering Kink No. 185 How to Make a Slider for a Tuning Coil No. I First get a piece ofi brass "A" ^4 i ueu wide and about 1 i 3 g inch long, then bend it on a ] /4 inch square rod (the one on which it is to '• ! 'i into the shape of "3''; after be- ing so bent solder the two ends together. Then lake a small .screw with about 8/32 inch thread cut oil' the head and solder it to the top of the brass tube,, which is already finished, and it should look like "CV" When finished a small knob is to be used on the screw, but before putting it on take a pieCe" of brass _ab'. u r ] g inch wide and about IVi inch long and* bend to shape shown in Fig. 1. Where No. 2 is, there is a small dent in the brass to make a !> it- ter contact; this is put there by holding a nail where it is wanted and hit it until a sufficient dent has been made, then solder the part marked No. 1 to the bottom of the slider. The complete slider should look like the one in the diagrams '■XT' and "E." RUDOLPH BLANK, JR. Soldering Kink No. 168 Soldering Ground Wire on Pipe in Which Cold Water is Circulating Clean the wire and pipe, make a tight v 1 1, cover with "Ndkbroc! ' apply a blow torch and at the same time puddle the joint with a solder- ing iron previously heat- ed, applying a small quantity of "Nokorode" at intervals, 'the wraps or convolutions of wire on the pipe must be apart so the soldering iron can make contact with the pipe and the wire at the same time during the puddling. If the wire is wrapped tight to make it mechanically strong, it will be only necessary to solder a half-inch along one of the wraps or convolutions to get a perfect soldered electri- cal connection. However, the entire joint can be soldered if instructions are followed, keeping at all times the hot soldering iron in contact with the pipe. Wires can be soldered on pipes of any size; galvanized pipes solder quicker than iron pipes. This is a job heretofore considered impossible, but now mad.- so by "Nokorode." It is not necessary to clean the joint with alcohol to prevent corrosion, as is the case when acid is used, as the "Nokorode" will not corrode the joint and acts as a protective coating for the pipe where it was filed to clean it; this applies particularly to galvanized pipes where the galvanizing has been filed off. W. B. DAVIS. 105 Soldering Kink No. 172 A Novel Way of Soldering Fine Wires Here is a novel but practical way of soldering joints on small gauge electric wires. If it ever happens that you are making repairs to fine electric wires or are splicing different pieces to- gether and wish to make a quick job of it, try this method: Make the joint the usual way and put a little '•Xokorode" on it, take a piece of wire solder and with your knife cut the solder down to a point, then light a common match and hold it under the joint for two or three seconds, rub the pointed solder over the j :it on the top side, still holding the match under the joint. and you will find that the solder will melt right away and sol- der tie connection perfectly. In i Special Shank to Keep Handle Cool c=* This is a soldering iron with a special made shank. It is intended to keep the handle cool, and it works fine. The idea is that when an iron is put into a cook stove the shank will get very hot and the heat will follow the shank all the way up xo the handle, which makes it hard to hold, and also burns the handle, causing the shank to become loose and fall ont. When the shank is divided it does not let the heat go any further. An iron of this kind can be heated in any fire. A. GEMMELL. Soldering Kink No. 184 Handy Solder Tray This is intended to put under work while soldering, as many times solder will drop down no matter how careful you are, and many times you are working on jobs that are hard to get at. In such cases epiite a little solder is *J dropped and many times j2 wasted. rc» One of these can be snade in a short time. I found one six inches square to be a ^ od S i ze . A. GEMMELL. Soldering Kink No. 182 Building Up Worn Slot in Machine Screw I had a machine screw so badly worn it would not retain a screw driver and would not al- low for any more cut- ting to make the groove deeper. See drawing No. 1. This screw had to be repaired or send East for another one. To overcome the defi- NO. 1 NO 2. NO. 3 ciency and avoid delay I cut the groove deeper and soldered in a piece of steel as shown in drawing Xo. 2. I then dressed tha inserted piece down even with the top of the screw and cut the groove for the screw driver crosswise from what it was origi- nally—making if look and work like a new one. This screw ap- parently is as strong as ever. See cut or drawing No. 3 for per- fect screw. W. II. GRIFFITH. 107 Soldering Kink No. 1 78 Removing Solder from Clothes One of our cable-splicers dropped some hot solder from a pole en to a man's overcoat. It was a new coat, and the man came to our office demanding that we give him a new overcoat or $3.5.00 in cash. On examination we found the hot solder had penetrated in the seams of the coat but had burned the nap only a little. One of our employes suggested that we try dissolving the solder with mercury. We therefore purchased about 5 cents' worth of mercury and found that when rubbing it over the sol- der it dissolved every bit of it and left the cloth perfectly clean and just like new. ROY OWENS, Automatic Electric Co., Columbus, Oliio. Soldering Kink No. I 78 Replacing Wear on Machinery Parts SlPE VIEW VIEW SHOWINQ OPEN EN17 In wrapping tires on a machine there is a cast iron spool with an open end used like drawing. These spools are held in the wrapping machine by a steel spring forcing the open end in a socket. The unwinding of the spool wore on the end in the socket, making the spool short for the spring and spools were being cast aside. We got the idea to solder a y 2 inch steel washer on the open end to lengthen it. The operation is very simple, as follows: Tin one side of the washer and the face of the open end of the spool, place the washer on the end of the spool, tin to tin, wal: a little "Nokorode" between, and hold over fire for a few minute*,.. The washer will sweat on to the spool and being steel will wear much longer than the original par* J OS. GROCOTT. Soldering Kink No. 200 Soldering Fixture Arm Without Injuring Lacquer I have a little kink which I wish to pass on. In the electrical repair business we are often called on to repair a fixture arm that has been broken loose from the body to which it was sol- dered before being finished; to solder this back into place with- out injuring the finish and lacquer is some "stunt" but can be easily accomplished by coating all around and back of parts to be soldered, several inches, with brown soap, apply "Nokorode" to parts and use hot iron or alcohol blow-torch. We also use this method to solder wire into lugs on switch and panel boards where the lugs are polished and lacquered, but to secure perfect results use "Nokorode," it's important. HOWARD FINK. 108 Soldering Kink No. 64 How to Solder a Metal Float in Carburetor. When a metal float in a earbu- i otor leaks it may be soldered as fol- lows: If hole is so small you can- not see it, dip float in hot water; thia will cause the air inside of float to expand and a babble will issue from the hole. After finding the hole this way, clean^ apply Nokorode Taste and solder with a well-tinned and heated iron, applying only enough solder to stop leak. Other- wise the float will be too heavy. If float is full of gasoline, punch hole 2 in bottom or top of float, pour gasoline out, and then solder hole up. Then you can proceed as above stated t(> find leak and solder. GLENN METCALF. To Insure Satisfactory Results. While it is possible under the most favorable con- ditions for an expert solderer to get; satisfactory results from the use of acid or various prepared soldering fluxes on the market, you will eliminate all chances of failure due to the variation in quality of the acid or flux used, by being particular to use Nokorode Soldering Paste or Salts. Nokorode, as its name implies, is especially de- signed to provide against any possibility of corrosion, and was originally compounded to meet the most ex- acting conditions required by electrical workers. It is not affected by climatic changes or conditions which usually destroy the effect of soldering fluxes. If you have never used Nokorode, mail 10 cents in stamps to The M. W. Dunton Co., Providence, R. I., and you will receive a sample package and a current issue of Poster, showing Soldering Short Cuts. The Nationally Advertised Universally Used- 109 1 "Soldering condenser lugs with Nokorodc and the Solderk't." jfgj Nofilorodle Solve Your Soldering Problems S You all know how trying it is to make solder "Mow"; to make it "sweat" so thoroughly into the joint thai the union is almost as strnn'.' as if it were brazed. You know how difficult it is to re- move acid flux from a delicate job yo ■ have done you know what corrosion will do inside the wind- ings of an induction eoil or trans- former We have had a taste of these troubles and that is how we set about to produce NOKO- RODE. NOKORODE "The Paste that Takes the Bother out of Solder" WE WILL PAY YOU ONE DOLLAR for every "soldering kink' ' you send us that we find avail- able for publication in our ' SOLDERING KINK NEWS. ' ' Read what we say about the NOKORODE SOLDERKIT below, then get busy and find some "kinks" for us. The Nokorode Solderkit d» 1 g\f\ has been prepared for your eonvenience. It is complete in every detail Jh I lili and contains a well-tinned soldering copper readv to use. a two-ounce ip *.»w can Qf NOKORODE PASTE, a stick of solder, two pieces of emery cloth, a roll of insulating tape, and A SHEET OF DIRECTIONS THAT WILE MAKE YOU A MASTER OF THE ART. This direction sheet gives the simplest and most specific instructions on just how to solder all kind? of jobs and, in addition, it gives nineteen soldering kinks that have been found useful by amateur mechanics the world over. The price of this SOLDERKIT is only One Dollar and you get your dollar back with the first "kink" from you that we accept. .00 ONLY The M. W. Dunton Co. Dep't EM3 Providence, R. I. 110 WOUNDED SOLDIERS MAKING TOYS 11 WITH THE AMERICAN FORCES IN FRANCE 112 Crisips A practical soldering outfit, containing com- plete instructions for soldering.one soldering iron, one piece of emery cloth, one stick of solder, and one 2-ounce can of Nokorode Soldering Paste, for the Home, Motorist, the Boy, Motor-Cyciist, Boat Owner, Janitor, Mechanic, Electrician, Far- mer, for everybody. Tells how to solder everything that can be sol- dered. Sent postpaid anywhere in the United States for $1.00 by The M. W. Dunton Com- pany, Providence, R. I. Kh ■ ■ ,H EfM.W.DuNTON C' REG. U. S. PAT. OFF Nokorode Paste will make the solder stick as far as the heat of the iron causes the paste to flow. 113 REG. U. S. PAT. OFF. | Nokorode Salts are to be cut with distilled or rain-water if possible. It fluxes the solder only within the area of application. law orriccs CLEVELAND A GOOD RICH GRIFFIN, GEORGIA COLLfCTION DBPARTMtNT f> M CLEVELAND. MO/? Jtine 15th, 1915 The M. w. Dunton Co., Providence, H. I. Gentlemen: - I received my Uokorode Solderkit yesterday evening, and performed(my maiden jolyafter supper with entire success, which Job uas A KINK FOR CAMPERS I hare never been able to buy a sieve that would "neat" with my other cooking utensils, so last night, I took a tin plate from my outfit and cut out the bottom, leaving a margin of the bottom about one quarter of an inch wide. I then cut a piece of wire screen the exact size of the bottom of the pan, fitted it inside the pan and soldered it to the margin of the bottom. This made a very practical sieve, which takes up no room, weighs practically nothing and completes my cooking outfit. Yours truly. •t. »7 ^2xrinyU%A-4*s*\, B. B. Please advise me what use to make of the Frlotion Tape, I do not see it mentioned In the Instructions, which oontaln c\erything that I know- about soldering* ■ '■ ■ »i i i ak 114 -throw away your Sold erinjf acid I a Don't use Sal Ammoniac or other acid for a dip to bright- en your iron ; they eat up the tinning, and corrode the work. Dissolve ONE pound of NokorodeSalts in one GALLON of distilled water; use this solution as a dip to clean and to tin the iron, as well as to 7«ac the work, and you will get better *vork at less cost. No matter how expertly the job is soldered, corrosion will apoear where acid has spattered. / / Nokoroda Salts Solution so harmless Spatter as much as you please' No corro- rosion can appear on soldered «rjrk where Nokorode is usad. 115 CITY OF FROVIDENCE Department of Public Schools Office of Superintendent bureau of vocational guidance City Haul RICHARD D ALLEN Asst. for Vocational guidance Providence. R. I. June 3 9 1918* Mr, Frank Chapman, The M. w. Bunt on Co*, Providence, R. I. Dear Sir:- The solder kit which I obtained from you a few days ago has already come in very handy. The ball in the lavatory had rusted. through so that a hole the size of my thumb was allowing it to fill with water instead of remaining buoyant. Although I had never done any soldering before, I thought I would make an attempt at it, with the help of your directions. It was rather a difficult job, I think, but in half an hour, with the help of a piece of a coffee can, I had ce- mented a patch on the ball and tested it out thorough- ly. It has been working satisfactorily ever since, and I am sure that the same work done by a plumber would have cost me two or three dollars. The solder kit has paid for itself three times over, if I should never use it again. Very truly 16 I IBRARY OF CONGRESS MR