* <^9^ ^^^4 v^* .:- %■■ \*o^ 0' ^-i^ A <^ :. "-^^0^ .-iq. *•>'..'■"'. '^ ^^. 0>^ ^^-r ' .0^ .!'•% "> .0' % ,G^ % ^^TIT^' A • -c^^'^^.-.v'^ . o / THE HISTORY OF Henry ^St Clair Counties, MISSOURI CONTAINING A HISTORY OF THESE COUNTIES, THEIR CITIES, TOWNS, ETC., ETC., BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF THEIR CITIZENS, GENERAL AND LOCAL STATISTICS, HIS- TORY OF MISSOURI, MAP OF HENRY AND ST. CLAIR COUNTIES, ETC. ILLUSTRATED. ST. JOSEPH, MO.: NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMPANY, 1883. :HbH£ Kitered accorJiag to Act of Congress, ia the year 1S83, by O. P. WILLIAMS & CO., in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C^ ST JOSEPH, MO.: St. Joseph Steam Printing Company, Printers, Binders, Etc. 1883. PREFACE. The History of Henry and St. Clair Counties has been written in many respects under trying circumstances. There has not been a lack of material, but the work of collecting and compiling the same into one homogeneous record, has been attended by many obstacles and per- plexities. In presenting to the citizens of Henry and St. Clair Counties this history, it is with the full knowledge that there must necessarily be some errors found within its pages; otherwise it would be different from any work yet compiled by human hands, absolute perfection having never been reached either in the historical or any other field of earthly labor. Nevertheless the publishers hope to have attained a very large measure of exactness in the compilation and arrangement of the almost innu- merable incidents which are herein treated. These incidents have been gleaned from the memory and notes of the old settlers; and though an error here and there may seemingly occur, the reader must not hastily conclude that the history is in fault, but rather test his opinion with that of others familiar with the facts. It has been a work of arduous labor and delicate responsibility to give a careful perusal to many old volumes and newspaper files, those daily records of bygone years. The old pioneer who has cheerfully narrated with clearness many.importent events, has been utterly unable to give the date which is so essential in a historical work. The county records and the files of the oldest newspapers have furnished much mat- ter of inestimable value. How well the task of writing this volume has been performed the intelligent reader must judge. IV PREFACE. To name all persons to whom the publishers are indebted for the facts herein contained, would be an undertaking of too great a magni- tude; for there is scarely a citizen of any prominence in the two coun- ties who has not in some way contributed to the compilation of this work. The editors and attaches of all the papers, the county officials besides hosts of business men and private citizens have done all in their power to advance the interests of this enterprise and contribute to the fullness and exactness of this History. It only remains for us to tender the people of Henry and St. Clair Counties our obligations for the cour- tesy extended to us and our representatives during the preparation of these annals. In the belief that our book will meet with a generous appreciation it is submitted to the public. THE PUBLISHERS. «»4CONTENTS.r^<-<-=^ HISTORY OF MISSOURI. CHAPTER I. LOUISIANA PURCHASE- Brief Historical Sketch . Page. CHAPTER II. DESCRIPTIVE AND GEOGRAPHICAL— Name — Extent — Surface — Rivers — Timber — Climate — Prairies — Soils — Population by Counties 14 CHAPTER HI. GEOLOGY OF MISSOURI- Classification of Rocks— Quarternary Formation — Tertiary — Cretaceous — Carboniferous — Devonian — Silurian — Azoic — Economic Geology — Coal — Iron — Lead — Copper- Zinc— Build- ing Stone — Marble — Gypsum — Lime Paints — Springs — Water Power . . 20 CHAPTER IV. TITLE AND EARLY SETTLEMENTS— Title to Missouri Lands — Right of Discovery — Title of France and Spain — Cession to the United States — Ter- ritorial Changes — Treaties with In- dians — First Settlement — Ste. Gene- vieve and New Bourbon — St. Louis — When Incorporated — Potosi — St. Charles — Portage Des Sioux — New Madrid — St. Francois County — Perry — Mississippi — Loutre Island — '*Boone's Lick" — Cote Sans Dessein — Howard County--Some First Things — Counties — When Organized ... 26 CHAPTER V. TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION— Organization 1812 — Council — House of Representatives — Wm. Clark First Territorial Governor — Edward Hemp- stead First Delegate — Spanish Grants — First General Assembly — Proceed- ings — Secon d Assembly — Proceedings — Population of Territory — Vote of Territory — Rufus Easton — Absent members — Third Assembly- Proceed- 32 ings — Application for Admission . . CHAPTER VI. Page. MISSOURI ADMITTED INTO THEUNION— Application of Missouri to be Admit- ted Into the Union — Agitation of the Slavery Question-*'Missouri Compro- mise" — Constitutional Convention of 1820 — Constitution Presented to Con- gress — Further Resistance to Admis- sion — Mr. Clay and his Committee Make Report — Second Compromise — Missouri Admitted 35 CHAPTER VII. MISSOURI AS A STATE— First Election for Governor and Other State Officers — Senators and Repre- sentatives to General Assembly-Sher- iffs and Coroners — United States Sena- tors — Representatives in Congress-Su- preme Court Judges— Counties Organ- ized — Capital Moved to St. Charles — Official Record of Territorial and State Officers 40 CHAPTER VIII. EARLY MILITARY RECORD— Black Hawk War — Mormon Difficul- ties — Florida War — Mexican War. . 46 CHAPTER IX. CIVIL WAR IN MISSOURI— Fort Sumpter Fired Upon — Call for 75,000 Men — Gov. Jackson Refuses to Furnish a Man — U.S. Arsenal at Lib- erty Seized — Proclamation of Gov. Jackson — General Order No. 7 — Leg- islature Convenes — Camp Jackson Organized — Sterling Price Appointed Major General — Frost's Letter to Lyon — Lyon's Letter to Frost — Sur- render of Camp Jackson — Proclama- tion of Gen. Harney — Conference Between Price and Plarney — Harney Superceded by Lyon — Second Confer- ence — Governor Jackson Burns the Bridges Behind Him — Proclamation of Gov. Jackson — Gen. Blair Takes Possession of Jefferson City — Procla- mation of Lyon — Lyon at Springfield VI CONTENTS. Page. ..State Offices Declared Vacant.. Gen. Fremont Assumes Command . . I'roclamation of Lieut. Gov. Rey- nolds. .Proclamation of Jeff. Thomp- son and Gov. Jackson. .Death of Gen. Lyon. .Succeeded by Slurgis.. Procla- mation of McCuUough and Gamble ..Martial Law Declared .. Second Proclamation of Jeff. Thompson.. President Modifies Fremont's Order. . Fremont Relieved by Hunter. .Proc- lamation of Price. .Hunter's Order of Assessment . . Hunter Declares Martial Law . . Order Relating to Newspapers. .Halleck Succeeds Hun- ter. .Halleck's Order Si . .Similar Or- der by Halleck . . Boone County Standard Confiscated. . Execution of Prisoners at Macon and Palmyra., Gen. Ewing's Order No. li..Gen. Rosecrans Takes Command. .Massa- cre at Centralia. .Death of Bill An- derson. .Gen. Dodge Succeeds Gen. Rosecrans — List of Battles .... 51 CHAPTER X. AGRICULTURE AND MATERIAL WEALTH— Missouri as an Agricultural State.. The Different Crops .. Live Stock., Horses and Mules.. Milch Cows.. Oxen and Other Cattle. .Sheep.. Hogs . .Comparisons. .Missouri Adapted to Live Stock . . Cotton . . Broom Corn and Other Products. .Fruits. .Berries 1 Page. . .Grapes. .Railroads. .First Neigh of the "Iron Horse" in Missouri.. Names of Railroads. .Manufactures. . Great Bridge ac St. Louis 60 CHAPTER XL EDUCATION— Public School System. .Public School System of Missouri. .Lincoln Insti- tute. .Officers of Public School Sys- tem . . Certificates of Teachers . . Uni- versity of Missouri .. Schools. .Col- leges. .Institutions of Learning. .Lo- cation.. Libraries. .Newspapers and Periodicals . . Number of School Children. .Amount Expended. .Value of Grounds and Buildings. ." The Press " 66 CHAPTER XH. RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS- Baptist Church. .Its History. .Congre- gational. .When Founded.. Its His- tory. .Christian Church.. Its History . .Cumberland Presbyterian Church. . Its History . . Methodist Episcopal Church ..Its History .. Presbyterian Church . . Its History . . Protestant Episcopal Church . . Its History . . United Presbyterian Church . . Its History. .Unitarian Church. .Its His- tory.. Roman Catholic Church.. Its History 73 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. CHAPTER I. THE VALLEYS OF THE OSAGE AND GRAND RIVERS — Geological Formation. .Two Ancient Misses.. Home of the Indians.. The Pioneer. .Soil. .From 1S20 to 1830.. Lillard. .Lafayette County.. Its Set- tlement and County Site., Davis and Tebo Townships. .Jackson and Clay . .The First Cabin. . 1 831 . .The First Plowing. . 1832. .Born Then . ... 79 CHAPTER II. WHEN THEY CAME AND FROM WHERE THEY CAME— The Pioneers. .The First Marriage. . Wolves and Caution. .1833 and 1834 ..Springfield Township. .First Clerk and Constable. . 1S35 to 1840.. Slight Retrospect. .Trials and Tribulations ..Cabins and Comforts. .Going to Mill.. Market Prices. .Pioneer Wo- men. .I'ioneer Life . . Wages . . The Nest Egg of a Farm.. Fifty Cents a Day and Found. .Rail Splitting. . . 90 CHAPTER HI. EARLY ELECTION AND EVENTS-PIO- NEERS AND POETRY- Elections. ." Eighteen Forty ". .Presi- dential Campaign. .Songs and "A Lit- tle More Cider, Too". .Democratic Defeat.. A Change,. The Quiet of Early Days, Covering Little More Than a Decade. .Women Pioneers.. Privations, Labor and Heroic Forti- tude.. Names of the Early Settlers.. From the Cradle to the Grave.. Pio- neer Life in Verse 103 CHAPTER IV. MEXICAN WAR AND THE LAND OF GOLD- DEATH AND LUCRE- Mexico . . War . . Volunteers . . Their Return.. The Land of Gold. The Rush for the Promised Land. .Suffer- ings and Death., Fever in Henry County. .Some Got Wealth and Many Poverty. .Those who Went and Those who Died. .The Names of Those who Returned, .Items of General Interest ..Legal Documents .. Marriages .. Wills . . Deeds . , Slaves . . Widow's Dower 121 CHAPTER V. OFFICIAL HISTORY — CULLINGS FROM THE COUNTY COURT RECORDS— When Rives Became a County.. Act CONTENTS. Vll Page. •of Organization. .Date December 13, 1834. .County Seat Commissions.. Rives County Boundary . . County Court and County Judges. .Municipal Divisions. .St. Clair Township. .First Sheriff, Treasurer, etc... County Seat Commissioner, .New Court House.. Sale of Town Lots in Clinton. .Valu- ation and Assessment. .First School District .. 1837 .. Several Items of laterest . . Sale of School Lands. . . 131 CHAPTER VI. RIVES DISGRACED AND HENRY CROWNED— LET US HAVE A LAW SUIT— Failed to Materialize — County Fair.. What it Cost.. Cedar Township.. More Townships . . Deepwater . . St. Clair and Henry.. Rives to Henry.. Some Reflections. .Dram Shop.. Pro- posing a Suit. .Valuation and Elec- tion, .Half Sheet of Foolscap — The First Bridge. .Osage River Associa- tion . . $626.95 . . To Repair Court House, §1,500. .No Probate Court. . Progress 143 CHAPTER VII. JAILS— ELECTION — FINANCES — TOWN- SHIPS— A Needed Institution. .Financial and Otherwise. .Resolution of Thanks.. Patent Office and Agricultural Re- ports. .Election of 1858, the First of Record . . P^eceipts and Expenditures ..Nine Voting Precincts in i860.. Township Boundaries, August, i860. . The Great Change. .Financial De- pression . . Exhibit . , Delinquents of 1861 to I S64. .Taxation. . Levy, Col- lections and Delinquencies, from 1865 to 1S.70.. Items 153 CHAPTER VIII. ENVESTIGATION AND EXONERATION— AND MORE TAXATION— Wanted an Investigation. .Result, Ex- oneration. .Everything Lovely. . Reg- istration and Registrars. .The County Court. .The Four Districts and Their Boundaries . Taxation and Collec- tions . . County Expenditures . . The Repeal. .Districts i and 2. .Judge Gantt, County Agent. .Sale of S400,- 000 Railroad Stock. .Sinking Fund. . Assessment and Levy. .A Donation. . Swamp Land Claims. .Some Items.. 164 CHAPTER IX. FINANCIAL AFFAIRS — RAILROAD AS- SESSMENT—COUNTY VALUATION— Ihe Tax Levy. .Collections of 1879 ..Same in 1880. .New County Jail. . Its Cost .The Year 1882,. Railroad Assessment and Rejection. .Material Wealth . . Assessed Valuation from Page. 1870 to 1SS3 of Henry County. .Jan- uary I, 1S82, 55,392,270. .January i, 1883, 171 CHAPTER X. SOIL— CLIMATE — AGRICULTURAL AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF HENRY COUNTY— Introductuctory . . Location . . Capital and Labor. .Water and Timber. .Ag- riculture. .Cereals and Grapes. .Field of Corn and Oats. .Sheep. .1865. . Stock. .Remarks of L. C. Marvin.. Better Horses.. 1867 to 1880.. Ship- ments of 1877.. The Census Crop.. Returnsof 1881-2. .Of Horses, Sheep, Cattle, Hogs and Mules, and Grand Total ■ 176 CHAPTER XI. FRUITS AND BERRIES — GRAPES AND WINES-COAL AND STONE— Fruit all Grown Here. .Berries Every- where. .Grapes. .The Best Varieties. . Coal, Stone and Iron, Agricultural Society. .When Organized . . 1839 . . 1858 . . 1869 . . A Premium List . . Death, but No Resurrection . . Far- mer's Club.. Henry County Medical Society . . When it Died . . List of Members. .Veterinary Club. .Elected Officers.. Dead 187 CHAPTER Xn. SCHOOLS-THEIR GROWTH AND FINAN- CIAL EXHIBIT— The First School.. Sale of School Land in 1836 to 183S..N0 Prairie Lands Wanted . . The First State School Fund Apportionment. .Appor- tionment of 1850-4. .Numbering the School Distrscts. .Township Funds of 1858 and i860 From 1S66 to 1S70. . State School Money.. 1880, and the Total County Fund. .Receipts and Expenditures for 1881 . .Report of the Clinton Graded School for 1S81.. Amount Apportioned for May, 1882. . The State 197 CHAPTER XIII. MURDERS, ASSASINATIONS AND ROB- BERIES- The Bludgeon for King, the Knife for Harper, the Pistol for Williamson and Robin, the Shot Gun for Miller and Edmondson, the Hammer or Hatchet for Clark, and a Shot in the Dark for Ezell. .Stand Still and Hold Up Your Hands were the Cheering Words which met D. B. Lambert and Arrested a Game of Croquet. .Crimes in Henry County and their Punish- ment. .The Gallows, the Penitentiary and the Reaper, " Death." 208 vni CONTENTS. Page. CHAPTER XIV. " SATAN FINDS WORK FOR IDLE HANDS TO DO "— The Work of Fiends.. Self Defense is not Murder.. It was the Game of "Dead Open and Shut". .And they Lost Every Time. .Pistols vs. Croquet Mallets. .Pistols the Winner. .A Crazy Woman's Crime. .Killing Ezell, not for a Crime, but Because He Wouldn't Stay Arrested. ." Tell my Sister that I Leave Her all My Property, I am Dying ". .Verdict, Jury Could Not Agree.. The End 221 CHAPTER XV. THE COUNTY'S SERVANTS— ELECTIONS OF 1880 AND 18S2— The County Officers, from Alpha to Omega. .The Year and the Day. .Rep- resentatives, State Senators and Con- gressmen. Election of iSSo.. Elec- tion of 1882. .Congressional Districts ..Senatorial District Memoranda.. Political. .Henry County Democratic ..What Difference Does it Make.. Circuit Court Items. .Slander, Divorce and Perjury. .The First Grand Jury . 234 CHAPTER XVI. POPULATION, DEVASTATION AND EX- ULTATION— Population of Henry County. .Popu- lation of Towns. .The United States and the State of Missouri. .The Grass- hopper Plague. .Destruction of Crops . .Relief. .Meadow County Scheme. . The Bantam Crowed, but Crowed in Vain.. The Clinton Scare.. Swamp Land History. .From A to Izzard and a Postscript. .Sales from $7.00 to 25 Cents Per Acre. .Receipts and Losses . , Poor Farm . , When Purchased . . Its Cost . . Where Located . . Descriptions, Etc . 252 CHAPTER XVII. RAILROAD HISTORY- Its First Inception. .Pacific Railroad Subscription $50,000.. How ^5,000 was Paid. .Stopping Further Payment ..;? 1 50,000 T. & N. Railroad.. The Subscription . . ;^250,ooo Bonds. . Some More Stock. .Getting to the Meat. .Clinton & Memphis Railroad . .A Protest. .And Still Another Pro- test. .What Became of the ^50,000 if Practicable. .It Wasn't Practicable.. " A D d Barren Ideality" .... 262 CHAPTER XVIII. ONE MILLION DOLLARS SQUANDERED— $400,000 OF STOCK SOLD FOR $86,585.71- The Railroad Bull Goring the County Ox. .Law Suits, Judgments and Man- damus , . Judge Gantt Appointed Page. County Agent.. H. W. Salmon Ver- bally Appointed. .The Sale. .The Pur- chase of Bonds, Judgments and Cou- pons.. And Yet After all a million Dollars and over Squandered. .Tax Levy . . Compromise . . Exchange of Bonds. .Reduction of Debt,. Final Cost 273 CHAPTER XIX. INVESTIGATION— A REPORT— A CONFES- SION- A Record of Crime, Bri'oery, Midnight Delivery of Bonds . . H ow it was Done . . Accounts Rendered . . Investigation ..The Report. .Where the Money Went to. .Excepting $180,000. .The Engineer's Confession 287 CHAPTER XX. THE CIVIL WAR— The Storm Cloud, a Good Deal of Sorrow, etc. . 1861 Historic, .Meeting at Clinton, , What was Sent to the Governor . . Democratic Meeting . . Resolutions Passed. .Newspaper Com- ments. .Union Meetings, .The Result ..The Gospel of Hate. .Federal Forces. .The Gray Predominates.. Some Local Matters. .The Bridging of the Bloody Chasm. .All is Peace. . The Blue and the Gray. .The Heroes who Died 307 CHAPTER XXI. CLINTON TOWNSHIP— Township and City. .Its Early Boun- daries. .Where it Lies.. The Metes and Bounds of 1873.. Area ^""^ Pop- ulation. .Its Streams and Fountains. . Timber and Prairies. .Pioneers and Who Came Later. .Schools and Pio- neer Preaching. .New Arrivals. .Its First Physician .. Progress and Trans- portation , , Township Officers . . The Next Chapter, " The Model City." . . 31S CHAPTER XXII. THE "MODEL CITY" OF THE PRAIRIES— Something of the Model Town. .The Beauty of its Surroundings. .When and Where Located. .Streets, etc.. Date of Entry of the Town Site, 1837 ..Post Office and Postmaster. .Deed . .Hotel and Saloon. .When Incorpo- rated, 185S. .Its Growth in Twentv- one Years. .The New Boundary, 1866 ..The Iron Horse .Population of Clinton by Decades, .While a Town . .Then a City of the Fourth Class. . A Financial Exhibit. .Election nf 18S0 and I SS2. .Another Financial Showing.. The Small Pox Scare.. Something Authentic. .Its Future . . 322 CONTENTS. IX CHAPTER XXIII. Page. SCHOOLS— CHURCHES-LODGES— DEATH OF GARFIELD— Clinton Public Schools. .Retrospect. . Lincoln School. . Academy . .Cost of Buildings .. Number of Pupils.. Churches and their Organizations.. Number of Members. .Cost of Church Buildings. .Societies. .A. F. and A. M. ..I. O. O. F.. Knights Templar.. Royal Arch Chapter. .A. O. U. W. , Death of President Garfield .... 335 CHAPTER XXIV. THE BAR, PRESS, BANKS AND BUSINESS— The Early Bar.. Clinton Bar.. The Press.. Who Owned Them.. Banks and Banking.. The Business Inter- ests of Clinton,. The Directory of iS74..The Directory of 1883.. Man- ufactures. .Flour, Carriage and Wagon and Cigar.. Items of Interest which call to Mind Several Things, .An In- teresting Chapter of Biographies and Business.. A Combination of Brains and Artistic Skill, , Incidents and Ac- cidents 347 CHAPTER XXV. WINDSOR TOWNSHIP— Within the Realms of Civilization.. Its Area.. First Settlers. .Death by Lightning,. Progress, .Darkness to Light. .Organization, .Worth Remem- bering, .Coal Fields, .Big Coal Banks . .Stone Quarries, , Healing Waters. . Transportation. .An Old Landmark Gone. .Tennessee Baker., The First Brick Residence in Henry County , . Its destruction by Fire 374 CHAPTER XXVI. CITY OF WINDSOR— When It was Founded. ,By Whom. . Naming the Town and Postofifice. . A Few Years Later. In 1870,, The In- corporation of Windsor Town., Elec- tion in 1873.. Town Officials from 1873 to 1878.. City of Windsor., Fourth Class, , Election of Mayor and Aldermen, October 15, 1878.. City Officers from 1878 to 1883. .Financial . .Churches. .Laurel Oak Cemetery . Lodges and Societies, .Postmaster? of Windsor. Old Settlers Reunion and Picnic , . Newspapers . . Public School . .Business Interests . Savings Bank, , Manufactories, .Items, .General Notes ..Bird's Eye View 383 CHAPTER XXVII. DEEPWATER TOWNSHIP— When Settled,. Its Early Pioneers.. Its Territory. .Deepwater Organized, , Arrivals . . Postoffice, .Germantown, , When Settled ,. How it Grew,, Its Population, .Its Rank,, Its Boundary Page. Under the New Law. .Its First Elec- tionof Officers. .Who They Were, .The City of Montrose. .Its First Incorpora- tion as a Town.. The Fires of 1872 and 1875.. After the Fire. .Financial ..Some Town Officers .. How the Marshal Got Rich.. City of Montrose ..First Mayor .. Churches ,. School and Lodges ,. Business. .Shipping. , William Tyree, the Old Pioneer . . 405 CHAPTER XXVIII. TEBO, SHAWNEE AND FIELDS' CREEK TOWNSHIPS- Tebo. . Historic. .Pioneers of 1830 to 1835. .The North Carolina Colony. . Population and Boundary. .The Old Settlers of Tebo. .Calhoun. .Bounded in 1836. .Ambitious. .Its First Set- tlers, Stores, Etc. .Incorporation of Calhoun.. The Great Fire,. Hand- some Location.. Postmasters ,. Busi- ness .. Professions ., Shawnee. .The Garden Spot of Henry County. . About 1831 — The Name. .Shawnee Mound ..Churches, School and Business.. Huntingdale. .When Founded. .Pres- ent Business. .The Churches* of the Township. .Lodges. .Its Boundary. , Field's Creek. .Its Metes and Bounds ,,Area in Acres. .Its Streams, Prai- ries and Wood Lands. .Early Pioneers ..The First Store.... One of the North Carolina Colony . Other Settlers ..Churches, Schools and Societies,, Its Population in 1880 420 CHAPTER XXIX. BOGARD, BIG CREEK, HONEY CREEK AND WHITE OAK TOWNSHIPS— Bogard . , The Northwest . , Organ- ized 1857 and 1873,, It Has 30,155 95-100 Acres of Land.. Asa Hen- dricks Its First Settler. .Mrs. Mary Taylor, First Child Born in the Town- ship . . Lakes . . Urich . . Location. , Settlement and Business , . Schools and Churches. . Political . . Population . .Big Creek. .Townships 44 and 43, range 27 — 26,880 Acres. .Its Streams and Woodlands. .Its Original Bound- ary.. Early Settlers, 183 1.. A Grand Old Township .. Norris Forks.. Churches, Schools and Lodges.. Honey Creek. .Boundary. .Small Set- tlement . . Population . , Slow of Growth ..Its Pioneers. .Schools. .Want of Progress. .White Oak.. The Smallest Township, , Good Land and Water Plenty . . Settled in 1838 . . Coal. . Cyclone. .Schools, .Population . . . 439 CHARTER XXX. WALKER, DAVIS AND PRES. BLEVINS TOWNSHIPS— Walker . . When Born . . Its Area . . When Settled.. Dr. Amasa Jones. CONTENTS. Page, Some Family History. .First School and Church .. Items. .Churches. .In Memoriam. .Rev. A. Spiague. .Davis ..When Located .Area and Popula- tion. .Streams, Prairies and Wood- land. .Schools and Societies. .LaDue ..Its Birth. .Business in 1872.. Church. .School. .Business of 1883.. Davis Township First Settlers. .Her Growth aud Prosperity . . " Pres. Elevens". .A Discovery. .New Town- ship. .It Will Ndw Be Known. .Gov. Blevins. .His Powers, Etc 450 CHAPTER XXXI. OSAGE, FAIRVIEW AND BEAR CREEK TOWNSHIPS— Osage.. The Great Southeast. .Who Settled It. .Osage Township in 1858 . .Consville. .Its Twin Sister. .Metes and Bounds in 1858 and 1873.. Corn and Stock . . Population . . Fire at Brownington . . Churches . . School. . Business.. Fairview. .Central Location ..Its Streams. .Woodland .. Famous Ten Mile Prairie .. Originally. .The Organization of 1873. .Old Settlers. . Its Coal Fields. .Railroad Facilities. . Schools and Churches. .Bear Creek. . Metes, Bounds and Area. .Water and Page. Timber. .Game. .When Organized.. School . . Old Settlers . . Progress . . Its Future 462 CHAPIER XXXII. LEESVILLE, SPRINGFIELD, DEER CREEK AND BETHLEHEM TOWNSHIPS— Leesville. .A Township of 1873.. Its Bounds. .Pioneers of 1835 to 1840.. Coal and Stone. .Centennial 1876.. Pioneer History. .Old Time Imple- ments.. The First Church. .Schools, Etc . . Town of Leesville . . When Founded and by Whom. .Centennial Address. .1876 to 1883. .Lodges. . Colesburg. .Items . . Springfield. .Be- fore It Was a County. .The Metes and Bounds of i860 and 1873.. Its Early Settlers. .Mt. Olivet Church.. Schools . . Population . . Coal . . Stone . . Deer Creek.. First Settled. .The New County Seat. .Goff's. .Stores. . Postoffice. .The Field of Coal. .Popu- lation, School and Churches. .Lewis Station. .First Building. .Business. . Shipping. .Postmasters. .Bethlehem. . Organization . . Area. .Fine Farms. . Early Settlers. .Its Churches. .Their Progress. .Items of Interest. .Onward . .Schools. .Its Boundary 471 BIOGRAPHICAL. Clinton Township 490 Windsor Township 553 Deep Water Township 605 Tebo Township 626 Shawnee Township 660 Fields' Creek Township 675 Bogard Township 690 Big Creek Township 698 Honey Creek Township 712 White Oak Township 714 Davis Township . 728 Osage Township 74^ Fairview Township 755 Bear Creek Township 764 Leesville Township 773 Bethlehem Township 783 Deer Creek Township 794 Springfield Township 808 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. CHAPTER I. THE VALLEY OF THE OSAGE— THE DAWN OF CIVILIZATION. Southwest Missouri. .The Vanguard of Progress. .From 1830 to 1840. .House and Home Comforts. .The Days Given to Celebration. .Farming Tools. .The Bull Plows. .Mills and Trading Points . . Hunting and Trapping . . The Honey Bee and the Bee Tree. .Indian Sign of the coming of the Palefaces. 821 CHAPTER II. PIONEERS AND PROGRESS. The Pioneers. .The First Settler . Ja- cob Cooncc.His Neighbors .. Large Animals. .The Applegates. .The First Senator. .Joseph Montgomery. .Taber and Her Settlers The Land of the Forest King. . Monegaw Springs.. Early Political History . .From 1835 to J841 . . Weaubleau and Monegaw. . Roads. ..Indian Raid.. All Other Points. ..Various Things. .Items ot Interest 831 CHAPTER III. AN OLD SETTLEMENT— WILD BEAST OF THE MOUNTAINS. A Pioneer Colony. .Old Settler's Story . .A Rocky Mountain Lion and Griz- zley Bear Combined on the Rampage . .The Hunt . .Where Miss Mat Was. . Facing Danger. .Rock House Cave. . The Monster Coming.. He Came.. CONTENTS. XI Page. The Sad and Mournful March Home Pioneers from 1S32 to 1S40. . Pioneers Now Living . Petition. .Pioneer Wo- men. .Conclusion 842 CHAPTER IV. THE BIRTH OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY--CULL- INGS FROM THE COURT RECORDS. Independence. .Act of Organization, February 15, iS4i..The Boundary of 1845. .County Seat Fight. .Two Sides to a Story. .Deeds of the Lands Do- nated for the Location of a County Seat , . Circuit Court . . Survey . . Roads and Bridges. .Assessed Valuation, 1845 to 1 854.. A Yearly Estimate.. Taxation and Cash on Hand .... 855 CHAPTER V. A COMBINATION OF SOLID FACTS MAKES CONTINUOUS HISTORY. Election Arrangements . . Statistical and Otherwise. .Swamp Land Re marks . . Brain Wages . . Montgomery's Great Effort. .Osceola. .Jim Lane.. Township. .The Boundaries of 1867 . .Names. .Once More Divided, .As It Was to 1872 868 CHAPTER VI. A CHAPTER WHICH REFERS TO THE POCKET, AND EXHIBITS SOME FIGURES - Taxation. . 1861 . . 1871. .Voting Pop- ulation . Hickory County's Failure. . Poor Farm . . Money Matters . . Changes ..New County Warrants .. About a new Township. .Land Valuation in 1875 • County Revenue . . Agricul- tural and Mechanical Association.. Stealing of the Back Tax Book.. County Seat Removal . . Delinquent List 879 CHAPTER VII. ST. CLAIR COUNTY — ITS PHYSICAL FEATURES AND RESOURCES— Boundary and Wealth. .Area and Water Supply. .Physical Features.. The Indians' Elysium. .Sac River. . Farm and Stock. .A Retrospect. .Min- eral Wealth. .Silver. .Some Reflec- tions on the Silver Excitement . Pure Galena.. Iron and Coal Fields Im- mense . . Gold, Silver, Copper and Nickel 888 CHAPTER VIII. AGRICULTURAL AND STOCK STATIS- TICS- Agriculture and Stock. .Grazing Lands ..Its Yield. .Fruits. .Progress in all Things . . Comparison Made . . Census of 1876. .Population. .Stock .. Pro- ducts . The Yield of 1 880.. Stock Returns of 1880-82. .Assessment and Assessed Valuation 8q8 CHAPTER IX. Page. RAILROADS VS. NO RAILROADS. The Clinton & Memphis Branch.. Subscription, $250,000. .The Order in Full. .Satisfied and Bonds Deliv- ered. .Returning Reason.. An Ac- count Rendered by no Vouchers Pro- duced. .Taxation and Railroad Fund . . Investigation . . The Report . . Steal- ing in Bulk. .Stealing in Detail.. The LaDue Swindle on Contracts. . No Levy but Plenty of Suits. .$90,- 000 and the Attorneys in the Cases . 903 CHAPTER X. EVIDENCES OF FRAUD AND THE LEGAL FIGHT— The Charge and the Evidence.. Johnson and Mead Exonerated. .Who is Responsible. .Some Letters. .A few Resolutions . . The People Express their Views. .The Bondholders Pro- pose and the People Dispose. .Man- damus vs. Reason. .The Vote on the 20 cent Compromise. .Some Bonds Purchased. .The Last Call 914 CHAPTER XI. MEN'S PASSIONS HAVING FULL SWAY- CRIMES AND CASUALTIES— The Pistol. .Shot Down in Cold Blood . .The Murder of his Victim. .Death of Hughes. .The Killing of John D. Baucom..John Berry Declared Not Guilty. .Murder and Suicide. .Colonel Charles Sims and Wife. .Jealousy and Insanity. .The Noted Train Rob- bers and Outlaws . . The Younger Brothers. .The Great Battle and Death of John Younger. . Local Detectives a Failure. .The Vigilants . Fate of F. J. France 925 CHAPTER XII. COUNTY OFFICIALS AND COUNTY POL- ITICS— County Seat Commissioners. .Justices of the Peace 1840 and 184 1. .County OflScials from County Justices to Cir- cuit Judges. .Resolutions of Respect . . Political . .The Vote from 1870 to 1876, and Compared. .Senatorial. . The Election of 1882.. The Status of Parties 939 CHAPTER XIII. ODDS AND ENDS— The Gold Fever. .Captain Waldo's Company. .What Became of Them., Patrons of Husbandry. .Rise and Decline . . Number of Granges. .A few Remarks.. The Milling Interest Mills, When and Where Built . . Some Suggestions. .The Grasshopper. .The Loss and the Relief. . Roscoe Ex- presses Thanks. .First Deed of Rec- ord. .Swamp Lands. .Population . . 953 XI 1 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XIV. Page. WAR RECORD— PRESS-EARLY BAR— 964 CHAPTER XV. OSCEOLA TOWNSHIP— SOME ASTOUND- ING FACTS PLAINLY STATED- Population . . Stock . . Vineyards . . Metes and Bounds. .The Pioneer, and When he Came. .Town of Osceola, , Its Rise, Progress and Destruction.. The new City of Osceola. .What she was, and is, and will be .... . 975 CHAPTER XVI. APPLETON TOWNSHIP— Its Bounds. .Water, Timber and Area . .Population. .Production .. Pioneers and Progress . . Appleton City . , Arling- ton. .Incorporated. .Its First Settlers ..Appleton City on January i, 1883 . .Manufacturers. .Its Railroad Ship- ments, .District Fair 1000 CHAPTER XVII. MONEGAW AND CHALK LEVEL TOWN- SHIPS- Monegaw. .Metes and Bounds. .Topo- graphical . . Pioneer Days . . Settled and by Whom. .Johnson City. .Churches . .Ohio Postoffice. .Schools and Pop- ulation. .Chalk Level .. Boundary., Population and Production .. Church ..Chalk Level Village., Monegaw Springs, .Osage Bluff and Caves . .1019 CHAPTER XVIII. BUTLER, JACKSON AND POLK TOWN- SHIPS— Butler Township. .The First Break. . One of Seven. .Topography and Area . Production and Population. .Water and Timber. .Settled and by Whom. . George W. Penn .. Lowry City.. Churches, Schools, Lodges and Busi- ness.. Jiackson Township .. Minefal not Agricultural. .Metes and Bounds Page. . .White Sulphur Springs. .Churches, Postoffices and Schools. .Polk Town- ship. . Border Township . . Bounds . . A Singular Spring . . Pioneer. Water, Timber and Some Rock. .Population . .Production. .Churches and Schools ..Its General Features 1031 CHAPTER XIX. DALLAS, COLLINS, DOYAL AND WASHING- TON TOWNSHIPS. Dallas Township. .When, Where, and How Much.. They Came. .Settled. . Among Other Things. .The Old Log Church. .King's Prairie. .Political and Otherwise. .Collins Township, and a Volume of Facts.. The Name.. 1830 to 1 840.. The Loom.. The Good Word..Doyal Township. .Was the Creation of 1872.. The Advance Guard.. Coon Creek. .Its Early Arri- vals. .Population and Area. .Doyai's Bounds . . Her Churches and Schools . . Election of 1874. .Washington Town- ship, One of the Original Six. .Metes and Bounds.. The Sac River and Brush Creek. .The Advent of Jacob Coonce..Game and Other Settlers. Its Schools, etc., in Memorial. . . . 1045 CHAPTER XX. ROSCOE, TABER AND SHIPS. SPEEDWELL TOWN- Roscoe Township. .What it Was in 1872.. When Settled. .Religion and Education. .The Village of Roscoe. . When Incorpoiated. . 1870 to 18S0. . Gazette. .Business. .Speedwell Town- ship. .Population, Area and Bounds. . Pioneers and Hunters. .Water, Tim- ber, Stock and Cereals. .Famous Hun- ters. .Tiffin. .Its Settlement, Schools etc. .Taber Township. .When Settled and by Whom. .Village of Taberville ..Its Destruction. Alter the War.. Head of Navigation. .Churches and School.. Addition and Park. . . . 1059 BIOGRAPHICAL. Osceola Township 1076 Appleton Township 1 103 Monegaw Township 1126 Chalk Level Township 1142 Jackson Townsjiip 1151 Polk Township 1158 Dallas Township 1166 Collins Township 1171 Butler Township II79 Doyal Township 1189 Washington Township 1 196 Roscoe Township 1198 Speedwell Township 1206 Taber Township 121 1 ILLUSTRATIONS. Clinton Public School Buildirg 336 Residence of C, C. Morse 404 Portrait of A. C. Legg 647 History of Missouri. CHAPTER I. LOUISIANA PURCHASE. BRIEF HISTORICAL SKETCH, The purchase of the vast territory west of the Mississippi River, by the United States, extending through Oregon to the Pacific coast and south to the dominions of Mexico, constitutes the most important event that ever occurred in the history of this nation. It gave to our republic additional room for that expansion and stu- pendous growth, to which it has since attained, in all that makes it strong and enduring, and forms the seat of an empire, from which will radiate an influence for good unequaled in the annals of time. In 1763, one hundred and eighteen years ago, the immense region of country, known at that time as Louisiana, was ceded to Spain by France. By a secret article, in the treaty of St. Ildefonso, concluded in 1800, Spain ceded it back to France. Napoleon, at that time, coveted the island ot St. Dom.ingo, not only because of the value of its products, but more especially because its location in the Gulf of Mexico would, in a military point of view, afford him a fine field, whence he could the more effect- ively guard his newly acquired possessions. Hence he desired this cession by Spain should be kept a profound secret until he succeeded in reducing St. Domingo to submission. In this undertaking, however, his hopes were blasted, and so great was his disappointment that he apparently became indifferent to the advantages to be derived to France from his purchase of Louisiana. In 1803 he sent out Laussat as prefect of the colony, Af'ho gave the people of Louisiana the first intimation that they had had, that they had once more become the subjects of France. This was the occasion of great rejoicing among the inhabitants, who were Frenchmen in their origin, habits, manners and customs. 10 HISTORY OF ]MISSOURI. Mr. Jefferson, then President of the United States, on being informed of the retrocession, immediately dispatched instructions to Robert Liv- ingston, the American Minister at Paris, to make known to Napoleon that the occupancy of New Orleans, by his government, would not only endanger the friendly relations existing between the two nations, but, perhaps, oblige the United States to make common cause with England, his bitterest and most dreaded enemy, as the possession of the city by France would give her command of the Mississippi, which was the only outlet for the produce of the Western States, and give her also control of the Gulf of Mexico, so necessary to the protection of American com- merce. Mr. Jefferson was so fully impressed with the idea that the occupancy of New Orleans by PVance, would bring about a conflict of interests between the two nations, wbkh would finally culminate in an open rupture, that he urged Mr. Livingston to not only insist upon the free navigation of the Mississippi, but to negotiate for the purchase of the city and the surrounding country. The question of this negotiation was of so grave a character to the United States that the President appointed Mr. Monroe, with full power, to act in conjunction with Mr. Livingston. Ever equal to all emergencies, and prompt in the cabinet, as well as in the field. Napoleon came to the conclusion that, as he could not well defend his occupancy of New Orleans, he would dispose of it, on the best terms possible. Before, however, taking final action in the matter, he summoned two of his min- isters, and addressed them as follows : "I am fully sensible of the value of Louisiana, and it was my wish to repair the error of the French diplomatists who abandoned it in 1763. I have scarcely recovered it before I run the risk of losing it ; but if I am obliged to give it up, it shall hereafter cost more to those who force me to part with it, than to those to whom I shall yield it. The English have despoiled France of all her northern possessions in America, and now they covet those of the south. I am determined that they shall not have the Mississippi. Although Louisiana is but a trifle compared to their vast possessions in other parts of the globe, yet, judging from the vexation they have manifested on seeing it return to the power of France, I am certain that their first object will be to gain possession of it. They will probably commence the war in that quarter. They have twenty vessels in the Gulf of Mexico, and our affairs in St. Domingo are daily getting worse since the death of LeClerc. The conquest of Lou- isiana might be easily made, and I have not a moment to lose in getting it out of their reach. I am not sure but that they have already begun an attack upon it. Such a measure would be in accordance with their habits; and in their place I should not wait. I am inclined, in order to deprive them of all prospect of ever possessing it, to cede it to the United States. Indeed, I can hardly say that I cede it, for I do not yet HISTORY OF MISSOURI. U possess it ; and if I wait but a short time my enemies may leave me nothing- but an empty title to grant to the republic I wish to conciliate. I consider the whole colony as lost, and I believe that in the hands of this rising power it will be more useful to the political and even com- mercial interests of France than if I should attempt to retain it. Let me have both your opinions on the subject." One of his ministers approved of the contemplated cession, but the other opposed it. The matter was long and earnestly discussed by them, before the conference was ended. The next day Napoleon sent for the minister who had agreed with him, and said to him ; "The season for deliberation is over. I have determined to renounce Louisiana. I shall give up not only New Orleans, but the whole colony, without reserva- tion. That I do not undervalue Louisiana, I have sufficientl}^ proved, as the object of my first treaty with Spain was to recover it. But though I regret parting with it, I am convinced it would be folly to persist in try ing to keep it. I commission you, therefore, to negotiate this affair with the envoys of the United States. Do not wait the arrival of Mr. Monroe, but go this very day and confer with Mr. Livingston. Remember, how- ever, that I need ample funds for carrying on the war, and I do not wish to commence it by levying new taxes. For the last century France and Spain have incurred g^reat expense in the improvement of Louisiana, for which her trade has never indemnified them. Large sums have been advanced to different companies, which have never been returned to the treasury. It is fair that I should require repayment for these. Were T to regulate my demands by the importance of this territory to the United States, they would be unbounded ; but, being obliged to part with it, I shall be moderate in my terms. Still, remember, I must have fifty mil ■ lions of francs, and I will not consent to take less. I would rather make some desperate effort to preserve this fine country." That day the negotiations commenced. Mr. Monroe reached Paris on the I2th of April, and the two representatives of the United States after holding a private interview, announced that they were ready to treat for the entire territory. On the 30th of April, 1803, eighteen days afterward, the treaty was signed, and on the 21st of October, of the same year, Congress ratified the treaty. The United States were to pay $11,250,000, and her citizens to be compensated for some illegal captures to the amount ot $3,750,000, making in the aggregate the sum of $15,000,000, while it was agreed that the vessels and merchandise of France and Spain should be admitted into all the ports of Louisiana free 6f duty for twelve years. Bonaparte stipulated in favor of Louisiana, that it should be, as soon as possible, incorporated into the Union, and that its inhabitants should enjoy the same rights, privileges and immuni- ties as other citizens of the United States, and the clause giving to them 12 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. these benefits, was drawn up by Bonaparte, who presented it to the plenipotentiaries with these words : "Make it known to the people of Louisiana, that we regret to part with them ; that we have stipulated for all the advantages they could desire ; and that France, in giving' them up, has insured to them the greatest of all. They could never have prospered under any European government as they will when they become independent. But while they enjoy the privileges of liberty let them remember that they are French, and preserve for their mother country that affection which a common origin inspires." Complete satisfaction was given to both parties in the terms of the treaty. Mr. Livingston said : " I consider that from this day the United States takes rank with the first powers of Europe, and now she has entirely escaped from the power of England," and Bonaparte expressed a similar sentiment when he said : " By this cession of territory I have secured the power of the United States, and given to England a maritime rival, who, at some future time, will humble her pride." These were prophetic words, for within a few years afterward the British met with a signal defeat, on the plains of the very territory of which the great Cor- sican had been speaking. From 1800, the date of the cession made by Spain, to 1803, when it was purchased by the United States, no change had been made by the French authorities in the jurisprudence of the Upper and Low r Louis- iana, and during this period the Spanish laws remained in full force as the laws of the entire province ; a fact which is of interest to those who would understand the legal history and some of the present laws of Missouri. On December 20, 1803, Generals Wilkinson and Claiborne, who were jointly commissioned to take possession of the territory for the United States, arrived in the city of New Orleans at the head of the American forces. Laussat, who had taken possession but tv/enty days previously as prefect of the colony, gave up his command, and the star-spangled banner supplanted the tri-colored flag of France. The agent of France, to take possession of Upper Louisiana from the Spanish authorities, was Amos Stoddard, captain of artillery in the United States service. He was placed in possession of St. Louis on the 9th of March, 1804, by Charles Dehault Delassus, the Spanish commandant, and on the follow- ing day he transferred it to the United States. The authority of the United States in Missouri dates from this day. From that moment the interests of the people of the Mississippi Valley became identified. They were troubled no more with the uncer- tainties of free navigation. The great river, along whose banks they had planted their towns and villages, now afforded them a safe and easy outlet to the markets of the world. Under the protecting aegis of a government, republican in form, and having free access to an almost HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 13 boundless domain, embracing in its broad area the diversified climates of the globe, and possessing a soil unsurpassed for fertility, beauty of scenery and wealth of minerals, they had every incentive to push on their enterprises and build up the land wherein their lot had been cast. In the purchase of Louisiana, it was known that a great empire had been secured as a heritage to the people of our country, for all time to come, but of its grandeur, its possibilities, its inexhaustible resources and the important relations it would sustain to the nation and the world, were never dreamed of by even Mr. Jefferson and his adroit and accom- plished diplomatists. The most ardent imagination never conceived of the progress, which would mark the history of the "Great West." ' The adventurous pioneer, who fifty years ago pitched his tent upon its broad prairies, or threaded the dark labyrinths of its lonely forests, little thought that a mighty tide of physical and intellectual strength would so rapidly flow on in his footsteps, to populate, build up and enrich the domain which he had conquered. Year after year, civilization has advanced further and further, until at length the mountains, the plains, the hills and the valleys, and even the rocks and the caverns, resound with the noise and din of busy millions. '• I beheld the westward marches Of the unknown crowded nations. All the land was full of people. Restless, struggling, toiling, striving, Spea4cing many tongues, yet feeling But one heart-beat in their bosoms. In the woodland rang their axes, Smoked their towns in all the valleys ; Over all the lakes and rivers Rushed their great canoes of thunder." In 1804 Congress, by an act, passed in April of the same year, divided Louisiana into two parts, the " Territory of Orleans," and the " District of Louisiana," known as " Upper Louisiana." This district included all that portion of the old province, north of" Hope Encamp- ment," on the Lower Mississippi, and embraced the present State of Missouri, and all the western region of country to the Pacific Ocean, and all below the forty-ninth degree of north latitude not claimed by Spain. As a matter of convenience, on March 26, 1804, Missouri was placed within the jurisdiction of the government of the Territory of Indiana, and its government put in motion by General William H. Harrison, then governor of Indiana. In this he was assisted by Judges Griffin Vanderberg and Davis, who established in St. Louis what were called Courts of Common Pleas. The Dist~ict of Louisiana was regularly organized into the Territory of Louisiana by Congress, March 3, 1805, 14 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. and President Jefferson appointed General James Wilkinson governor, and Frederick Bates secretary. The Legislature of the Territory was formed by Governor Wilkinson and Judges R. J. Meigs and John B. C. Lucas. In 1807, Governor Wilkinson was succeeded by Captain Meri- wether Lewis, who had become famous by reason of his having made the expedition with Clark. Governor Lewis committed suicide in 1809, and President Madison appointed General Benjamin Howard, of Lex- ington, Kentucky, to fill his place. General Howard resigned October 25, 1810, to enter the war of 1812, and died in St. Louis, in 1814. Cap- tain William Clark, of Lewis and Clark's expedition, was appointed governor in 1810, to succeed General Howard, and remained in office until the admission of the state into the Union. The portions of Missouri which were settled, for the purpose of local government, were divided into four districts. Cape Girardeau was the first, and embraced the territory between Tywappity Bottom and Apple Creek. St. Genevieve, the second, embraced the territory from Apple Creek to the Meramec River. St. Louis, the third, embraced the terri- tory between the Meramec and Missouri Rivers. St. Charles, the fourth, included the settled territory between the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers. The total population of these districts at that time was 8,670, including slaves. The population of the district of Louisiana, when ceded to the United States, was 10,120. CHAPTER II. DESCRIPTIVE AND GEOGRAPHICAL. NAME— FXTENT— •SURFACE— RIVERS— TIMBER— CLIMATE— PRAIRIES— SOILS-POPULATION BY CUUiNTlES. NAME. The name Missouri, is derived from the Indian tongue, and signifies muddy. EXTENT. Missouri is bounded on the north by Iowa (from which it is separated for about thirty miles on the northeast by the DesMoines River) and ois the east by the Mississippi River, which divides it from Illinois, Ken- tucky and Tennessee, and on the west by the Indian territory, and by the states of Kansas and Nebraska. The state lies (with the exception of a small projection between the St. Franci"s and the Mississippi Rivers, which extends to 36°), between 36° 30' and 40° 36' north latitude, and betweeH 12° 2' and 18° 51' west longitude from Washington HISTORY OF MISSOURI. J 5 The extreme width of the state east and west is about 348 miles ; its width on its northern boundary, measured from its northwest corner along the Iowa line to its intersection with the DesMoines River, is about 210 miles; its width on its southern boundary is about 288 miles. Its average width is about 235 miles. The length of the state north and south, not including the narrow strip between the St. Francis and Mississippi Rivers, is about 282 miles. It is about 450 miles from its extreme northwest corner to its southeast corner, and from the northeast corner to the southwest corner it is about 230 miles. These limits embrace an area of 65.350 square miles, or 41,824,000 acres, being nearly as large as England, and the states of Vermont and New Hampshire. SURFACE. North of the Missouri the state is level or undulating, while the por- tion south of that river (the larger portion of the state) exhibits a greater variety of surface. In the southeastern part is an extensive marsh, reaching beyond the state into Arkansas. The remainder of this portion between the Mississippi and Osage Rivers, is rolling and gradually rising into a hilly and mountainous district, forming the outski'rts of the Ozark Mountains. Beyond the Osage River, at some distance, commences a vast expanse of prairie land, which stretches away towards the Rocky Mount- ains. The ridges forming the Ozark chain extend in a northeast and southwest direction, separating the waters that flow northeast into the Missouri from those that flow southeast into the Mississippi River. RIVERS. No state in the Union enjoys better facilities for navigation than IMissouri. By means of the Mississippi River, which stretches along her entire eastern boundary, she can hold commercial intercourse with the most northern territory^nd state in the Union ; with the whole valley of the Ohio ; with many of the Atlantic States, and with the Gulf of Mexico, "Ay, gather Europe's royal rivers all — The snow swelled Neva, with an empire's weight On her broad breast, she yet may overwhelm } Dark Danube, harrying, as by foe pursued, Through shaggy forests and by palase walls, To hide its terrors in a sea of gloom ; The castled Rhine, whose vine crowned waters flow. The fount of fable and the source of song ; The rushing Rhone, in whose cerulean depths The loving sky seems wedded with the wave; The yellow Tiber, chok'd with Roman spoils, A dying miser shrinking 'neath his gold; The Seine, where fashion glasses the fairest forms; And Thames that bears the riches of the v/or!d ; l6 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Gather their waters in one ocean mass, Our Mississippi rolling proudly on, Would sweep them from its path, or swallow up, ' Like Aaron's rod, these streams of fame and song." By the Missouri River she can extend her commerce to the Rocky Mountains, and receive in return the products which will come in the course of time, by its multitude of tributaries. The Missouri River coasts the northwest line of the state for about 250 miles, following its windings, and then flows through the state, a little south of east, to its junction with the Mississippi. The Missouri River receives a number of tributaries within the limits of the state, the principal of which are the Nodaway, Platte, Loutre and Chariton from the north, and the Blue, Sniabar, Grand, Osage and Gasconade from the south. The principal tributaries of the Mississippi within the state are the Salt River, north, and the Meramec River, south, of the Missouri. The St. Francis and White Rivers, with their branches, drain the southeastern part of the state and pass into Arkansas. The Osage is navigable for steamboats for more than 275 miles. There are a vast number of smaller streams, such as creeks, branches and rivers, which water the state in all directions. TIMBER. Not more towering in their sublimity were the cedars of ancient Lebanon, nor more precious in their utility were the almug trees of Ophir, than the native forests of Missouri. The river bottoms are cov- ered with a luxuriant growth of oak, ash, elm, hickory, Cottonwood, linn, white and black walnut, and in fact all the varieties found in the Atlantic and Eastern States. In the more barren districts may be seen the white and pin oak, and in many places a dense growth of pine. The crab apple, pawpaw and persimmon are abundant, as also the hazel and pecan. CLIMATE. The climate of Missouri is, in general, pleasant and salubrious. Like that of North America, it is changeable and subject to sudden and sometimes extreme changes of heat and cold ; but it is decidedly milder, taking the whole year through, than that of the same latitudes. east of the mountains. While the summers are not more oppressive than they are in the corresponding latitudes on and near the Atlantic Coast, the winters are shorter, and very much milder, except during the month of February, and it has many days of pleasant sunshine. PRAIRIES. Missouri is a prairie state, especially that portion of it north and northwest of the Missouri River. These prairies, along the water courses, abound with the thickest and most luxurious belts of timber, HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 1/ while the " rolling " prairies occupy the higher portions of the country, the desci. it generally to the forest or bottom lands being over stony declivities. Many of these prairies, however, exhibit a graceful, waving surface, swelling and sinking with an easy slope and a full, rounded out- line, equally avoiding the unmeaning, horizontal surface and the inter- ruption of abrupt or angular elevations. These prairies often embrace extensive tracts of land, and m one or two instances they cover an area of fifty thousand acres. During the spring and summer they are carpeted with a velvet of green and gaily bedecked with flowers of various forms and hues, making a most fasci- nating panorama of ever changing color and loveliness. To fully appre- ciate their great beauty and magnitude they must be seen. SOIL. The soil of Missouri is good, and of great agricultural capabili<"^es, but the most fertile portions of the state are the river bottoms, which are a rich alluvium, mixed in many cases with sand, the producing qual- ities of which are not excelled by the prolific valley of the famous Nile. South of the Missouri River there is a greater variety of soil, but much of it is fertile, and even in the mountains and mineral districts there are rich valleys, and about the sources of the White, Eleven Points, Current and Big Black Rivers the soil, though unproductive, furnishes a valuable growth of yellow pine. The marshy lands in the southeastern part of the state will, by a system of drainage, be one of the most fertile districts in the state. POPULATION BY COUNTIES IN 187O, 18/6, 1880. Adair ., , Andrew , Atchison Audrain , Barry Barton Bates Benton Bollinger , Boone , - Buchanan ..._j Butler Caldwell Callaway Camden j.... Cape Girardeau , Carroll Carter Cass IS70. 1S76. 18S0. 11,449 13774 15,190 15.137 14,992 16,318 8,440 10,925 14.565 12,307 15,157 19.739 10,373 11,146 14,424 5.0S7 6,900 10332 15.960 17,484 25,382 11,322 11,027 12,398 8,162 8,884 11,132 20,765 31.923 25,424 35,109 38,165 49,824 4,298 4,363 6,011 11,390 12 200 13.654 19,202 25,257 23,670 6,ioS 7,027 7,269 17.558 17,891 20998 17:445 21,518 23.300 1,455 1,549 2,168 19,296 18,069 22,431 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Cedar . . . . Charfton . . Christian . . Clark .... Clinton . . . Cole .... Cooper . . . Cralwford . . Dade . . . . Dallas . . . Daviiss . , . DeKalb . . . Dent .... Douglas . . . Dunkin . . . Franklin . , Gas'conade . . Gentry . . . Greene . ... Grundy . . . Harrison . . Henry . . . Hickory . . . Holt .... Howard . . . Howell . . . T ''- Iron , . „ . Jackson . . . Jasper . . . Jefferson . . Johnson . . . Knox . . . Laclede . . , Lafayette . . Lawrence . . Lewis ... Lincoln . . , Linn . . . . Livingston . McDonald . , Macon . . . Madison . . Maries . . , Marion . . . Mercer . . . Miller . . . Mississippi . Moniteau . . Monroe . . Montgomeiy Morgan . . . New Madrid Newton . . 9.474 9,912 10,747 19,136 23,294 25,224 6.707 7,936 9,632 13,667 14,549 15,631 14,063 13,698 16,073 10,292 14,122 15.519 20,692 21,356 21,622 7,982 9,391 10,763 8,683 11,089 12,557 8,383 8,073 9,272 14,410 16,557 19,174 9.858 11,159 13,343 6,357 7,401 . 10,647 3,91s 6,461 7,753 5,982 6,255 9,604 30,098 26,924 26,536 10,093 11,160 11.153 11,607 12,673 17,188 21,549 24,693 28,817 10,567 13.071 15,201 14,63s 18,530 20,318 17,401 18,465 23,914 6452 5,870 7,388 11,652 13.245 15,510 17,233 17,815 18,428 4,218 6.756 8,814 6,278 6,623 8,183 5S-04I 54,045 82,328 14,928 29,384 32,021 15.380 16,186 i«,736 24,648 23,646 28,177 10,974 12,67s 13,047 9.380 9,84s 11,524 22,624 22,204 25,761 13,067 13,054 17.585 I5,"4 16,360 15.925 15,960 16,858 17,443 15 906 18,110 20,016 16,730 18,074 20,205 5,226 6,072 7,816 23,230 25,028 26,223 5.849 8,750 8,866 5,916 6,481 7,304 23,780 22,794 24,837 ",557 13.393 14,674 6,616 8.529 9,807 4,982 7,498 i),270 13.375 13,084 14,349 17,149 17,751 19,075 10,405 14,418 16,250 8,434 9.529 10,134 6,357 6,673 7,694 I»2,82I 16,875 18,948 Hl'SrORY OF MISSOURI. ig Nodaway . . , , Oregon Osage . 4 . . . Ozark Pemiscot .... Perry Pettis Phelps Pike Platte ..... Polk Pulaski Putnam . . . . . Ralls Randolph . . . Ray Reynolds . . . . Ripley St. Charles . . . St. Clair .... St. Francois . . Ste. Genevieve . St. Louis* . . . . Saline Schuyler . . . . Scotland .... Scott Shannon . . . . Shelby Stoddard .... Stone Sullivan .... Taney Texas Vern.on . . . . . Warren Washington . . . Wayne Webster .... Worth Wright .... City of St. Louis 14.751 23,196 29,560- 3,287 4,469 5 79^ 10,793 11,200 11,824. 3,363 4,579 5,618. 2,059 2,573 4,299- 9,877 11,189 11,895 18,706 23,167 27,285 10,506 9,919 12,565 23,076 22,828 26,716- 17,352 15,948 17372 14,445 13.467 15,745 4,714 6,157 7,250 11,217 12,641 13.556 10,510 9,997 11,838 15,908 19,173 22,75E iSjoo 18,394 20,196 3,756 4,716 5.722 3.175 3.913 5.377 21,304 21,821 23,060 6,742 11,242 14,126 9,742 11,621 13,822 8,384 9,409 10309 351.189 . . . 31.888 21,672 27,087 29,912 8,820 •' 9,881 10,470 10,670 12,030 12,507 7,3»7 7,312 . 8,587 2,339 3236 3441 10,119 13,243 14,024 8,535 10,888 13,432 3,253 3,544 4,405 11,907 14,039 16,569 4,407 6,124 5,605 9,618 10,287 12,207 11,247 14,413 19,370 9,673 10,321 10,806 II 719 13,100 12,895 6,o6S 7,006 9,097 10,434 10,684 12,175 5,004 7,164 8,208 5,684 6,124 9,733 . . . . . . 350,522 1,721,295 1,547,030 2,i68,{ Males 1,127,424 Females ^ 1,041,380 Native J,957,'564 Foreign * 211,240 White 2,023,568 Color^df 145.236 *St. Louis City and county* separated in 1877. Population for 1876 not given, f Including 9.2 Chinese, 2 half Chinese, smd 96 Indians and half-breeds. 2a HISTORY OF MISSOURI. CHAPTER III. GEOLOGY OF MISSOURI. CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS-QUATERNARY FORMATION-TERTIARV-CRETACEOUS-CAR- BONIFEROUS-UEVONIAN— SILURIAN— AZOIC— ECONOMIC GEOLOGY— COAL-IRON- LEAD— COPPER — ZINC — BUILDING STONE — MARBLE — GYPSUM — LIME— PAINTS- SPRINGS— WATER POWER. The stratified rocks of Missouri, as classified and treated of by Pro- fessor G. C. Swallow, belong to the following divisions ; I. Ouatenary ; 11. Tertiary; III. Cretaceous; IV. Carboniferous; V. Devonian; VI. Silurian; VII. Azoic. The Quaternary formations are the most recent and the most val- uable to man ; valuable, because they can be more readily utilized. The Quaternary formation in Missouri, embraces the Alluvium, 30 feet thick ; Bottom Prairie, 30 feet thick ; Bluff, 200 feet thick ; and Drift, 155 feet thick. The latest deposits are those which constitute the Allu- vium, and includes the soils, pebbles and sand, clays, vegetable mold, bog, iron ore, marls, etc. The Alluvium deposits cover an area, within the limits of Missouri, of more than four million acres of land, which are not surpassed for fer- tility by any region of country on the globe. The Bluff Prairie formation is confined to the lowlands, which are washed by the two great rivers which course our eastern and western boundaries, and while it is only about half as extensive as the Alluvial, it is equally as rich and productive. "The Bluff formation," says Professor Swallow, "rests upon the ridges and river bluffs, and descends along their slopes to the lowest valleys, the formation capping all the bluffs of the Missouri from Fort Union to its mouth, and those of the Mississippi from Dubuque to the mouth of the Ohio. It forms the upper stratum beneath the soil of all the high lands, both timber and prairies, of all the counties north of the Osage and Missouri, and also St. Louis, and the Mississippi counties on the south. Its greatest developmmt is in the counties on the Missouri River, from the Iowa line to Boonville. In some localities it is 200 feet thick. At St. Joseph it is 140; at Boonville 100; and at St. Louis, in St. George's quarry, and the Big Mound, it is about 50 feet; while its great- est observed thickness in Marion County was only 30 feet." The Drift formation is that which lies beneath the Bluff formation, having, as Professor Swallow informs us, three distinct deposits, to wit: "Altered Drift, which are strata of sand and pebbles, seen in the banks of the Missouri, in the northwestern portion of the state. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 21 The Boulder formation is a heterogeneous stratum of sand, gravel and boulder, and water-worn fragments of the older rocks. Boulder Clay is a bed of bluish or brown sandy clay, through which pebbles are scattered in greater or less abundance. In some localities in northern Missouri, this formation assumes a pure white, pipe-clay color." The Tertiary formation is made up of clays, shales, iron ores, sand- stone, and sands, scattered along the bluffs, and edges of the bottoms, reaching from Commerce, Scott County, to Stoddard, and south to the Chalk Bluffs in Arkansas. The Cretaceous formation lies beneath the Tertiary, and is composed of variegated sandstone, bluish-brown sandy slate, whitish-brown im- pure sandstone, fine white clay, mingled with spotted flint, purple, red and blue clays, all being in the aggregate, 158 feet in thickness. There are no fossils in these rocks, and nothing by which their age may be told. The Carboniferous system includes the Upper Carboniferous or coal measures, and the Lower Carboniferous or Mountain Limestone. The coal measures are made up of numerous strata of sandstones, limestones, shales, clays, marls, spathic iron ores and coals. The Carboniferous formation, including coal measures and the beds of iron, embrace an area in Missouri of 27,000 square miles. The varie- ties of coal found in the state are the common bituminous and cannel coals, and they exist in quantities inexhaustible. The fact that these coal measures are full of fossils, which are always confined to the coal measures, enables the geologist to point them out, and the coal beds contained in them. The rocks of the Lower Carboniferous formation are varied in color, and are quarried in many different parts of the state, being extensively utilized for building and other purposes. Among the Lower Carboniferous rocks is found the Upper Archi- medes Limestone, 200 feet ; Ferruginous Sandstone, 105 feet ; Middle Archimedes. 50 feet ; St. Louis Limestone, 250 feet; Oolitic Limestone, 25 feet; Lower Archimedes Limestone, 350 feet; and Encrinital Lime- stone, 500 feet. These limestones generally contain fossils. The Ferruginous Limestone is soft when quarried, but becomes hard and durable after exposure. It contains large quantities of iron, and is found skirting the eastern coal measures from the mouth of the Des Moines to McDonald County. The St. Louis Limestone is of various hues and tints, and very hard. It is found in Clark, Lewis and St. Louis Counties. The Lower Archimedes Limestone includes partly the lead-bearing rocks of Southwest Missouri. The Encrinital Limestone is the most extensive of the divisions of Carboniferous Limestone, and is made up of brown, buff, gray and white. 22 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. In these strata are found the remains of corals and mollusks. This formation extends from Marion County to Greene County. The Devo- nian system contains: Chemung Group, Hamilton Group, Onondaga Limestone and Ori^kany Sandstone. The rocks of the Devonian system are found in Marion, Ralls, Pike, Callaway, Saline and Ste. Genevieve Counties. The Chemung Group has three formations, Chouteau Limestone, 85 feet ; Vermicular Sandstone and shales, 75 feet; Lithographic Limestone, 125 feet. The Chouteau Limestone is in two divisions, when fully developed, and when first quarried is soft. It is not only good for building purposes but makes an excellent cement. The Vermicular Sandstone and shales are usually buff or yellowish brown, perforated with pores. The Lithographic Limestone is a pure, fine, compact, evenly textured limestone. Its color varies from light drab to buff and blue. It is called "pot-metal," because under the hammer it gives a sharp, ringing sound It has but few fossils. The Hamilton Group is made up of some forty feet of blue shales, and 170 feet of Crystaline Limestone. Onondaga Limestone is usually a coarse, gray or buff crystaline, thick-bedded and cherry limestone. No formation in Missouri presents such variable and widely different lithological characters as the Onondaga. The Oriskany Sandstone is a light gray limestone. Of the Upper Silurian series there are the following formations : Lower Helderburg, 350 feet; Niagara Group, 200 feet; Cape Girardeau Limestone, 60 feet. The Lower Helderburg is made up of buff, gray and reddish cherry and argillaceous limestone. Niagara Group. The upper part of this group consists of red, yel- low and ash-colored shales, with compact limestones, variegated with bands and nodules of chert. The Cape Girardeau Limestone, on the Mississispi River, near Cape Girardeau, is a compact, bluish-gray, brittle limestone, with smooth frac- tures in layers from two to six inches in thickness, with argillaceous partings. These strata contain a great many fossils. The Lower Silurian has the following ten formations, to wit: Hud- son River Group, 220 feet ; Trenton Limestone, 360 feet; Black River and Bird's Eye Limestone, 175 feet ; first Magnesian Limestone, 200 feet ; Saccharoidal Sandstone, 125 feet ; second Magnesian Limestone, 250 feet ; second Sandstone, 115 feet; third Magnesian Limestone, 350 feet ; third Sandstone, 60 feet ; fourth Magnesian Limestone, 350 feet. Hudson River Group. There are three formations which Professor Swallow refers to in this group. These formations are found in the bluff HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 23 above and below Louisiana, on the Grassy, a few miles northwest of Louisiana, and in Ralls, Pike, Cape Girardeau and Ste. Genevieve Counties. Trenton Limestone. The upper part of this formation is made up of thick beds of hard, compact, bluish-gray and drab limestone, variegated with irregular cavities, filled with greenish materials. The beds are exposed between Hannibal and New London, north of Salt River, and near Glencoe, St. Louis County, and are 75 feet thick. Black River and Bird's Eye Limestone is the same color as the Tren- ton Limestone. The First Magnesian Limestone cap the picturesque bluffs of the Osage in Benton and neighboring counties. The Saccharoidal Sandstone has a wide range in the state. In a bluff about two miles from Warsaw, is a very striking change of thickness of this formation. Second Magnesian Limestone, in lithological character, is like the first. The Second Sandstone, usually of yellowish brown,- sometimes becomes ^ pure white, fine-grained, solt sandstone, as on Cedar Creek, in Washington and Franklin Counties. The Third Magnesian Limestone is exposed in the high and pictur- esque bluffs of the Niangua, in the neighborhood of Bry's Spring. The Third Sandstone is white and has a formation in moving water. The Fourth Magnesian Limestone is seen on the Niangua and Osage Rivers. The Azoic rocks lie below the Silurian and form a series of silicious and other slates, which contain no remains of organic life. ECONOMIC GEOLOGY. Coal. — Missouri is particularly rich in minerals. Indeed, no state in the Union surpasses her in this respect. In some unknown age of the past — long before the existence of man, nature, by a wise process, made a bountiful provision for the time, when in the order of things it should be necessary for civilized man to take possession of these broad, rich prairies. As an equivalent for lack of forests she quietly stored away beneath the soil those wonderful carboniferous treasures for the use of man. Geological surveys have developed the fact that the coal deposits in the state are almost unnumbered, embracing all varieties of the best bit- uminous coal. The southeast boundary of the state has been ascertained to be one continuous coal field, stretching from the mouth of the Des Moines River, through Clark, Lewis, Scotland, Adair, Macon, Shelby, Monroe, Audrain, Callaway, Boone, Cooper, Pettis, Benton, Henry, St. Clair, Bates, Vernon, Cedar, Dade, Barton and Jasper, into the Indian Territory, and the counties on the northwest of this line contain more or 24 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. less coal. Coal rocks exist in Ralls, Montgomery, Warren, St. Charles, Moniteau, Cole, Morgan, Crawford and Lincoln, and during the past few years all along the lines of all the railroads in North Missouri, and along the western end of the Missouri Pacific, and on the Missouri River between Kansas City and Sioux City, has systematic mining opened up hundreds of mines in different localities. The area of our coal beds on the line of the southwestern boundary of the state alone embrace more than 26,000 square miles of regular coal measures. This will give of workable coal, if the average be one foot, 26,800,000,000 tons. The esti- mates from the developments already made in the different portions of the state will give 134,000,000,000 tons. The economical value of this coal to the state, its influence in domestic life, in navigation, commerce and manufactures, is beyond the imagination of man to conceive. Suffice it to say, that in the possession of her developed and undeveloped coal mines, Missouri has a motive power which in its influence for good in the civilization of man is more than the gold of California. Iron. — Prominent among the minerals which increase the power and prosperity of a nation is iron. Of this ore Missouri has an inexhaustible quantity, and, like her coal fields, it has been developed in many portions of the state, and of the best and pur^^t quality. It is found in great abundance in the counties of Cooper, St. Clair, Green, Henry, Franklin, Benton, Dallas, Camden, Stone, Madison, Iron, Washington, Perry, St. Francois, Reynolds, Stoddard, Scott, Dent, and others. The greatest deposit of iron is found in the Iron Mountain, which is two hundred feet high, and covers an area of five hundred acres, and produces a metal which is shown by analysis to contain from 65 to 69 per cent, of metallic iron. The ore of Shepherd Mountain contains from 64 to ^y per cent, of metallic iron. The ore of Pilot Knob contains from 53 to 60 per cent. Rich beds of iron are also found at the Big Bogy Mountain, and at Russell Mountain. This ore has iu its nude state a variety of colors, from the red, dark red, black, brown, to a light bluish gray. The red ores are found in 21 or more counties of the state, and are of great com- mercial value. The brown hematite iron ores extend over a greater range of country than all the others combined ; embracing about 100 counties, and have been ascertained to exist in these in large quantities. Lead. — Long before any permanent settlements Vere made in Mis- souri by the whites, lead was mined within the limits of the state, at two or three points on the Mississippi. At this time more than five hun- dred mines are opened, and many of them are being successfully worked. These deposits of lead cover an area, so far as developed, of more than 7,000 square miles. Mines have been opened in Jefferson, Washington, St. Francois, Madison, Wayne, Carter, Reynolds, Crawford, Ste. Gene- HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 2$ vieve. Perry, Cole, Cape Girardeau, Camden, Morgan land some other counties. Copper and Zinc. — Several varieties of copper ore are found in Mis- souri. The copper mines ot Shannon, Madison and Franklin Counties,, have been known for years, and some of these have been successfully worked, and are now yielding good results. Deposits of copper have been discovered in Dent, Crawford, Benton, Maries, Green, Lawrence, Dade, Taney, Dallas, Phelps, Reynolds and Wright Counties. Zinc is abundant in nearly all the lead mines in the southwestern part of the state, and since the completion of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad, a market has been furnished for this ore, which will be con- verted into valuable merchandise. Building Stone and Marble. — There is no scarcity of good building stone in Missouri. Limestone, sandstone and granite exist in all shades of buff, blue, red and brown, and are of great beauty as building material. There are many marble beds in the state, some of which furnish very beautiful and excellent marble. It is found in Marion, Cooper, St. Louis and other counties. One of the most desirable of the Missouri marbles is in the third Magnesian Limestone, on the Niangua. It is fine grained, crystalline, silico-magnesian limestone, light drab, slightly tinged with peach blos- som, and clouded by deep flesh-colored shades. In ornamental archi- tecture it is rarely surpassed. Gypsum and Lime. — Though no extensive beds of gypsum have been discovered in Missouri, there are vast beds of the pure white crystalline variety on the line of the Kansas Pacific Railroad, on Kansas River, and on Gypsum Creek. It exists also in several other localities accessible by both rail and boat. All of the limestone formations in the state, from the coal measures to the Fourth Magnesian, have more or less strata of very nearly pure carbonate of pure lime. Clays and Paints. — t^lays are found in nearly all parts of the state suitable for making bricks. Potters' clay and fire clay are worked in many localities. There are several beds of purple shales in the coal measures which possess the properties requisite for paints used in outside work. Yellow and red ochres are found in considerable quantities on the Missouri River. Some of these paints have been thoroughly tested and found fire-proof and durable. SPRINGS AND WATER POWER. No state is, perhaps, better supplied with cold springs of pure water than Missouri. Out of the bottoms there is scarcely a section of land 26 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. but has one or more perennial springs of good water. Even where there are no springs, good water can be obtained by digging from twenty to forty feet. Salt springs are abundant in the central part of the state, and discharge their brine in Cooper, Saline, Howard and adjoining coun- ties. Considerable salt was made in Cooper and Howard counties at an early day. Sulphur springs are also numerous throughout the state. The Cho- teau Springs in Cooper, the Monagaw Springs in St. Clair, the Elk Springs in Pike, and the Cheltenham Springs in St. Louis County, have acquired considerable reputation as salubrious waters, and have become popular places of resort. Many other counties have good sulphur springs. Among the Chalybeate springs the Sweet Springs on the Black- water, and the Chalybeate Spring in the University campus are, perhaps, the most popular of the kind in the state. There are, however, other springs impregnated with some of the salts of iron. Petroleum springs are found in Carroll, Ray, Randolph, Cass, Lafay- ette, Bates, Vernon and other counties. The variety called lubricating oil is the more common. The water power of the state is excellent. Large springs are par- ticularly abundant on the Meramec, Gasconade, Bourbeuse, Osage, Nian- gua. Spring, White, Sugar and other streams. Besides these, there are hundreds of springs sufficiently large to drive mills and factories, and the day is not far distant when these crystal fountains will be utilized, and a thousand saws will buzz to their dashing music. CHAPTER IV. TITLE AND EARLY SETTLEMENTS- TITLE TO MISSOURI LANDS-RIGHT OF DISCOVERY-TITLE OF FRANCE AND SPAIN- CESSION TO THE UNITED STATES— TERRITORIAL CHANGES -TREATIES WITH INDIANS— FIRST SETTLEMENT— STE. GENEVIEVE AND NEW BOURBON— ST. LOUIS- WHEN INCORPORATED— POTOSI— ST. CHARLES— PORTAGE DES SIOUX-NEW MADRID —ST. FRANCOIS COUNTY— PERRY— MISSISSIPPI— LOUTRE ISLANDS— " BOONE'S LICK " —COTE SANS DESSEIN— HOWARD COUNTY-SOME FIRST THINGS— COUNTIES-WHEN ORGANIZED. The title to the soil of Missouri was, of course, primarily vested in the original occupants who inhabited the country prior to its discovery by the whites. But the Indians, being savages, possessed but few rights HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 2/ that civilized nations considered themselves bound to respect, so when they found this country in the possession of such a people, they claimed it in the name of the King of France by the right of discovery. It Remained under the jurisdiction of France until 1763. Prior to the year 1763, the entire continent of North America was divided between France, England, Spain and Russia. France held all that portion that now constitutes our national domain west of the Mis- sissippi River, except Texas and the territory which we have obtained from Mexico and Russia. The vast region, while under the jurisdiction of France, was known as the " Province of Louisiana," and embraced the present State of Missouri. At the close of the " Old French War," in 1763, France gave up her share of the continent, and Spain came into the possession of the territory west of the Mississippi River, while Great Britain retained Canada and the regions northward, having obtained that territory by conquest in the war with France. For thirty-seven years the territory now embraced within the limits of Missouri, remained as a part of the possession of Spain, and then went back to France by the treaty of St. Ildefonso, October 1st, 1800. On the 30th of April, 1803, France ceded it to the United States in consideration of receiving $11,250,000 and the liquidation of certain claims held by citizens of the United States against France, which amounted to the further sum of $3,750,000, making a total of $15,000,000. It will thus be seen that France has twice, and Spain once, held sovereignty over the territory embracing Missouri, but the financial needs of Napoleon afforded our government an opportunity to add another empire to its domain. On the 31st of October, 1803, an act of Congress was approved, authorizing the President to take possession of the newly acquired ter- ritory, and provided for it a temporary government, and another act, approved March 26, 1804, authorized the division of the "Louisiana Pur- chase," as it was then called, into two separate territories. All that portion south of the 33d parallel of north latitude was called the "Terri- tory of Orleans," and that north of the said parallel was known as the "District of Louisiana," and was placed under the jurisdiction of what was then known as " Indiana Territory." By virtue of an act of Congress, approved March 3, 1805, the "Dis- trict of Louisiana" was organized as the "Territory of Louisiana," with a territorial government of its own, which went into operation July 4th, of the same year, and it so remained until 1812. In this year the " Ter- ritory of Orleans" became the State of Louisiana, and the "Territory of Louisiana" was organized as the "Territory of Missouri." This change took place under an act of Congress, approved June 4, 1812. In 1819, a portion of this territory was organized as "Arkansas Territory," and in 1812, the State ot Missouri was admitted, being a part of the former " Territory of Missouri." 28 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. In 1836, the "Platte Purchase," then being a part of the Indian Ter- ritory, and now composing the counties of Atchison, Andrew, Buchanan, Holt, Nodaway and Platte, was made by treaty with the Indians, and added to the state. It will be seen then that the soil of Missouri belonged First — To France with other territory. Second — In 176S, with other territory it was ceded to Spain. Third — October i, 1800, it was ceded with other territory from Spain back to France. Fourth — April 30, 1803, it was ceded with other territory by France to the United States. Fifth — October 31, 1803, a temporary government was authorized by Congress for the newly acquired territory. Sixth — October i, 1804, it was included in the "District of Louisi- ana," and placed under the territorial government of Indiana. Seventh — July 4, 1805, it was included as a part of the "Territory of Louisiana," then organized with a separate territorial government. Eighth — June 4, 18 12, it was embraced in what was then made the " Territory of Missouri." Ninth — August 10, 1821, it was admitted into the Union as a state. Tenth — In 1836, the " Platte Purchase" was made, adding more ter- rii- . . to the state. The cession by France, April 30, 1803, vested the title in the United States, subject to the claims of the Indians, which it was very justly the policy of the government to recognize. Before the government of the United States could vest clear title to the soil in the grantee it was necessary to extinguish the Indian title by purchase. This was done accordingly by treaties made with the Indians at different times. EARLY SETTLEMENTS. The name of the first white man who set foot on the territory now embraced in the State of Missouri is not known, nor is it known at what precise period the first settlements were made. It is, however, gener- ally agreed that they were made at Ste. Genevieve and New Bourbon, tradition fixing the date of these settlements in the autumn of 1735. These towns were settled by the French from Kaskaskia and St. Philip, in Illinois. St. Louis was founded by Pierre Laclede Liguest, on the 15th of February, 1764. He was a native of France, and was one of the members of the company of Laclede Liguest, Antonio Maxant & Co., to whom a royal charter had been granted, confirming the privilege of an exclu- sive trade with the Indians of the Missouri as far north as St. Peter's River. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 29 While in search of a trading- post he ascended the Mississippi as far as the mouth of the Missouri, and finally returned to the present town site of St. Louis. After the village had been laid off he named it St. Louis, in honor of Louis XV, of France. The colony thrived rapidly by accessions from Kaskaskia and other towns on the east side of the Mississippi, and its trade was largely increased by many of the Indian tribes, who removed a portion of their peltry trade from the same towns to St. Louis. It was incorporated as a town on the Qth^ day of November, 1809, by the Court of Common Pleas of the District of St. Louis, the town trustees being Auguste Chou- teau, Edward Hempstead, Jean F. Cabanne, William C. Carr and William Christy, and incorporated as a city, December 9, 1822. The selection of the town site on which St. Louis stands was highly judicious, the spot not only being healthful and having the advantages of water transpor- tation unsurpassed, but surrounded by a beautiful region of country, rich in soil and mineral resources. St. Louis has grown to be the fifth city in population in the Union, and is to-day, the great center of internal commerce of the Missouri, the Mississippi, and their tributaries, and, with its railroad facilities, it is destined to be the greatest inland city of the American continent. The next settlement was made at Potosi, in Washington County, in 1765, by Francis Breton, who, while chasing a bear, discovered the mine near the present town of Potosi, where he afterward located. One of the most prominent pioneers who settled at Potosi, was Moses Austin, of Virginia, who, in 1773, received by grant from the Spanish government, a league of land now known as the "Austin Survey." The grant was made on the condition that Mr. Austin would establish a lead mine at Potosi and work it. He built a palatial residence, for that day, on the brow of the hill in the little village, which was, for many 5'ears, known as "Durharn Hall." At this point the first shot-tower and sheet- lead manufactory were erected. Five year5 after the founding of St. Louis, the first settlement made in Northern" Missouri was made at or near St. Charles, in St. Charles County, in 1769. The name given to it, and which it retained till 1784, was Les Petites Cotes, signifying Little Hills. The town site was located by Blanchette, a Frenchman, surnamed LeChasseur, who built the first tort in the town and established there a military post. Soon after the establishment of the military post at St. Charles, the old French village of Portage des Sionx was located on the Mississippi, just below the mouth of the Illinois River, and at about the same time a Kickapod village was commenced at Clear Weather Lake. The present town site of New Madrid, in New Madrid County, was settled in 1781, by French Canadians, it then being occupied by Delaware Indians. The place now known as Big River Mills, St. Francois County, was settled in 30 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 1796, Andrew Baker, John Alley, Francis Starater and John Andrews each locating claims. The following year a settlement was made in the same county, just below the present town of Farmington, by the Rev. William Murphy, a Baptist minister from East Tennessee. In 1796, settlements were made in Perry County by emigrants from Kentucky and Pennsyl- vania ; the latter locating in the rich bottom lands of Bois Brule, the former generally settling in the " Barrens," and along the waters of Saline Creek. Bird's Point, in Mississippi County, opposite Cairo, Illinois, was set- tled August 6, 1800, by John Johnson, by virtue of a land grant from the commandant under the Spanish Government. Norfolk and Charleston, in the same county, were settled respectively in 1800 and 1801. Warren County was settled in 1801. Loutre Island, below the present town of Herman, in the Missouri River, was settled by a few American families in 1807. This little company of pioneers suffered graatlyfrom the floods, as well as from the incursions of thieving and blood-thirsty Indians, and many incidents of a thrilling character could be related of trials and struggles had we the time and space. In 1807, Nathan and Daniel Boone, sons of the great hunter and pio- neer, in company with three others, went from St. Louis to " Boone's Lick," in Howard County, where they manufactured salt, and formed the nucleus of a small settlement. Cote Sans Desseiji, now called Bakersville, on the Missouri River, in Callaway County, was settled by the French in 1801. This little town was considered at that time as the " Far West" of the new world. Dur- ing the war of 18 12, at this place many hard-fought battles occurred between the whites and Indians, wherein woman's fortitude and courage greatly assisted in the defense of the settlement. In 18 10, a colony of Kentuckians, numbering one hundred and fifty families, immigrated to Howard County, and settled in the Missouri River bottom, near the present town of Franklin. Such, in brief, is the history of some of the early settlements of Mis- souri, covering a period of more than half a century. These settlements were made on the water courses ; usually along the banks of the two great streams, whose navigation afforded them transportation for their marketable commodities and communication with the civilized portion of the country. They npt only encountered the gloomy forests, settling as they did, by the river's brink, but the hostile incursion of savage Indians, by whom they were for many years surrounded. The expedients of these brave men who first broke ground in the territory have been succeeded by the permanent and tasteful improve- ments of their descendants. Upon the spots where they toiled, dared and died, are seen the comfortable farm, the beautiful village and thrifty HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 31 city. Churches and school houses greet the eye on every hand ; rail- roads diverge in very direction, and indeed, all the appliances of a higher civilization are profusely strewn over the smiling surface of the state. Culture's hand Has scattered verdure o'er the land ; And smiles and fragrance rule serene. Where barren wild usurped the scene. SOME FIRST THINGS. The first marriage that took place in Missouri was April 20, 1766, in St. Louis. The first baptism was performed in May, 1776, in St. Louis. The first house of worship (Catholic) was erected in 1775, at St. Louis. The first ferry established in 1805, on the Mississippi River, at St. Louis. The first newspaper established in St. Louis (Missouri Gazette) in 1808. The first post office was established in 1804, in St. Louis — Rufus Easton, postmaster. The first Protestant church erected at Ste. Genevieve, in 1806 — Baptist. The first bank established '(Bank of St. Louis) in 1814. The first market house opened in 1811, in St. Louis. The first steamboat on the Upper Mississippi was the General Pike, Captain Jacob Reid ; landed at St. Louis, 18 17. The first board of trustees for public schools appointed in 18 17, St. Louis. The first college built (St. Louis College) in 18 17. The first steamboat that came up the Missouri River as high as Franklin was the Independence, in 1819; Cap^tain Nelson, master. The first cou^-t house erected in 1823, in St. Louis. The first cholera appeared in St. Louis in 1832. The first railroad convention^held in St. Louis, April 20, 1836. The first telegraph lines reached East St. Louis, December 20, 1847. The first great fir-e occurred in St. Louis, 1849. 32 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. CHAPTER V. TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION. ORGANIZATION, 1812-COUNCIL— HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES— WILLIAM CLAUK-FIRST TERRITORIAL GOVERNOR — EDWARD HEMPSTEAD, FIRST DELEGA IE-SPANISH GRANTS— FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY-PROCEEDINGS— SECOND ASSEMBLY— PRO- CEEDINGS-POPULATION OF TERRITORX-VOTE OF TERRITORY-RUFUS EASTON— ABSENT MEMBERS-THIRD ASSEMBLY-PROCEEDINGS-APPLICATION FOR ADMIS- SION. Congress organized Missouri as a territory, July 4, 1812, with a Gov- ernor and General Assembly. The Governor, Legislative Council and House of Representatives exercised the legislative power of the territory, the Governor's vetoing power being absolute. The Legislative Council was composed of nine members, whose tenure of office lasted five years. Eighteen citizens were nominated by the House of Representatives to the President of the United States, from whom he selected, with the approval of the Senate, nine Councillors to compose the Legislative Council. The House of Representatives consisted of members chosen every two years by the people, the basis of representation being one member for every five hundred white males. The first House of Representatives consisted of thirteen members, and, by act of Congress, the whole num- ber of Representatives could not exceed twenty-five. The judicial power of the territory was vested in the Superior and Inferior Courts, and in the Justices of the Peace ; the Superior Court having three judges, whose term of office continued four years, having original and appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases. The territory could send one delegat-e to Congress, Governor Clark issued a proclamation, October l, 18 12, required by Congress, reorgan- izing the districts of St, Charles, St, Louis, Ste. Genevieve, Cape Girar- deau and New Madrid into five counties, and fixed the second Monday in November following for the election of a delegate to Congress, and the members of the Territorial House of Representatives, William Clark, of the expedition of Lewis and Clark, was the first Territorial Governor, appointed by the President, who began his duties in 1813. Edward Hempstead, RufusEaston, Samuel Hammond and Matthew L}'on were candidates in November for delegates to Congress. Edward Hempstead was elected, being the first Territorial Delegate to Congress from Missouri. He served one term, declining a second, and was instrumental in having Congress to pass the act of June 13, 1812, which he introduced, confirming the title to lands which were claimed HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 33 by the people by virtue of Spanish grants. The same act confirmed to the people " for the support of schools," the title to village lots, out-lots or common field-lots, which were held and enjoyed by them at the time of the cession of 1803. Under the act of June 4, 1812, the first General Assembly held its session in the house of Joseph Robidoux, on the 7th of December, 1812. The names of the members of the House were : St. Charles. — John Pitman and Robert Spencer. St. Louis. — David Music, Bernard G. Farrar, William C. Carr and Richard Clark. Ste. Genevieve. — George Bullet, Richard S. Thomas and Isaac Mc- Gready. Cape Girardeau. — George F. Bollinger and Spencer Byrd. New Madrid. — John Shrader and Samuel Phillips. John B. C. Lucas, one of the Territorial Judges, administered the oath of office, William C. Carr was elected Speaker and Andrew Scott, Clerk. The House of Representatives proceeded to nominate eighteen per- sons from whom the President of the United States, with the Senate, was to select nine for the Council. From this number the President chose the following : St. Charles. — James Flaugherty ahd Benjamin Emmons. St. Louis. — August Choteau, Sr., and Samuel Hammond. Ste. Genevieve. — John Scott and James Maxwell. Cape Girardeau. — William Neely and Joseph Cavenor, New Madrid. — Joseph Hunter. The Legislative Council, thus chosen by the President and Senate, was announced by Frederick Bates, Secretary and Acting Governor of the Territory, by proclamation, June 3, 1813, and fixing the first Monday in July following as the time for the meeting of the Legislature. In the meantime the duties of the executive office were assumed by William Clark. The Legislature accordingly met as required by the Acting Governor's proclamation, in July, but its proceedings were never officially published. Consequently but little is known in reference to the workings of the first Territorial Legislature of Missouri. From the imperfect account published in the Missouri Gazette, of that day, a paper which had been in existence since 1808, it is found that laws were passed regulating and establishing weights and measures ; creating the office of sheriff; providing the manner for taking the census ; permanently fixing the seats of justice, and an act to compensate its own members. At this session laws were also passed defining crimes and penalties; laws in reference to forcible entry and detainer; estab- lishing Courts of Common Pleas ; incorporating the Bank of St. Louis, and organizing a part of Ste. Genevieve County into the county of Washington. 34 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. The next session of the Legislature convened in St. Louis, Decem- ber 6, 1813. George Bullet, of Ste. Genevieve County, was speaker elect, Andrew Scott, clerk, and William Sullivan, doorkeeper. Since the adjournment of the former Legislature several vacancies had occurred, and new members had been elected to fill their places. Among these was Israel McGready, from the county of Washington. The president of the Legislative Council was Samuel Hammond. No journal of the Council was officially published, but the proceedings of the House are found in the Gazette. At this session of the Legislature many wise and useful laws were passed, having reference to the temporal as well as the moral and spirit- ual welfare of the people. Laws were enacted for the suppression of vice and immorality on the Sabbath day ; for the improvement of public roads and highways ; creating the offices of auditor, treasurer and county surveyor ; regulating the fiscal affairs of the Territory, and fixing the boundary lines of New Madrid, Cape Girardeau, Washington and St. Charles Counties. The Legislature adjourned on the 19th of January, 18 14, sine die. The population of the Territory, as shown by the United States census in iSio.was 20,845. The census taken by the Legislature in 1814 gave the Territory a population of 25,000. This enumeration shows the county of St. Louis contained the greatest number of inhabitants, and the new county of Arkansas the least — the latter having 827, and the former, 3,149. The candidates for delegate to Congress were Rufus Easton, Samuel Hammond, Alexander McNair and Thomas F. Riddick. Rufus Easton and Samuel Hammond had been candidates at the preceding election. In all the counties, excepting Arkansas, the votes aggregated 2,599, o^ which number Mr. Easton received 965, Mr. Hammond 746, Mr. McNair 853, and Mr. Riddick (who had withdrawn previous to the election) 35. Mr. Easton was elected. The census of 1814, showing a large increase in the population of the Territory, an apportionment was made increasing the number of Repre- sentatives in the Territorial Legislature to twenty-two. The General Assembly began its session in St. Louis, December 5, 18 14. There were present on the first day twenty representatives. James Caldwell, of Ste. Genevieve County, was elected speaker, and Andrew Scott, who had been clerk of the preceding assembly, was chosen clerk. The president of the Council was William Neely, of Cape Girardeau County. It appears that James Maxwell, the absent member of the Council, and Seth Emmons, member elect of the House of Representatives, were dead. The county of Lawrence was organized at this session, from the western part of New Madrid County, and the corporate powers of St. Louis were enlarged. In 1815, the Territorial Legislature again began its HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 35 session. Only a partial report of its proceedings are given in the Gazette. The county of Howard was then organized from St. Louis and St. Charles Counties, and included all that part of the state lying north of the Osage and south of the di-viding ridge between the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. The next session of the Territorial Legislature commenced its ses- sion in December, 1816. During the sitting of this Legislature many important acts were passed. It was then that the " Bank of Missouri " was chartered and went into operation. In the fall of 1817, the " Bank of St. Louis " and the " Bank of Missouri " were issuing bills. An act was passed chartering lottery companies, chartering the academy at Potosi, and incorporating a board of trustees for superintending the schools in the town of St. Louis. Laws were also passed to encourage the "killing of wolves, panthers and wild-cats." The Territorial Legislature met again in December, 18 18, and among other things, organized the counties of Pike, Cooper, Jefferson, Franklin, Wayne, Lincoln, Madison, Montgomery, and three counties in the south- ern part of Arkansas. In 18 19, the Territory of Arkansas was formed into a separate government of its own. The people of the Territory of Missouri had been, for some time, anxious that their territory should assume the duties and responsibilities of a sovereign state. Since 1812, the date of the organization of the territory, the population had rapidly increased, many counties had been established, its commerce had grown into importance, its agricultural and mineral resources were being developed, and believing that its admission into the Union as a state would give fresh impetus to all these interests and hasten its settlement, the Territoral Legislature of 1818-19, accordingly made application to Congress for the passage of an act authorizing the people of Missouri to organize a state government. CHAPTER VI. APPLICATION OF MISSOURI TO BE ADMITTED INTO THE UNION-AGITATION OF THE SLAVERY QUESTION— "MISSOURI COMPROMISE "-CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION OF 1820— CONSTITUTION PRESENTED TO CONGRESS— FURTHER RESISTANCE TO ADMISSION— MR, CLAY AND HIS COMMITTEE MAKE REPORT— SECOND COMPROMISE -MISSOURI ADMITTED. With the application of the Territorial Legislature of Missouri for her admission into the Union commenced the real agitation of the slavery question in the United States. 36 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Not only was our National Legislature the theater of angry discus- sion, but everywhere throughout the length and breadth of the Republic the "Missouri Question " was the all-absorbing theme. The political skies threatened, " In forked flashes, a commnnding tempest," which was liable to burst upon the nation at any moment. Through such a crisis our country seemed destined to pass. The question as to the admission of Missouri was to be the beginning of this crisis, which distracted the public counsels of the nation for more than forty years afterward, Missouri asked to be admitted into the great family of states. " Lower Louisiana," her twin sister territory, had knocked at the door of the Union eight years previously, and was admitted, as stipulated by Napoleon, to all the rights, privileges and immunities of a state, and in accordance with the stipulations of the same treaty, Missouri now sought to be clothed with the same rights, privileges and immunities. As what is known in the history of the United States as the " Mis- souri Compromise," of 1820, takes rank among the most prominent measures that had up to that day engaged the attention of our National Legislature, we shall enter somewhat into its details, being connected as they are with the annals of the state. February 75, i8ig. — After the House had resolved itself into a com- mittee of the whole on the bill to authorize the admission of Missouri into the Union, and after the question of her admission had been dis- cussed for some time, Mr. Tallmadge, of New York, moved to amend the bill by adding to it the following proviso : *' And Provided, That the further introduction of slaverj' or involun- tary servitude be prohibited, except for the punishment of crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, and that all children born within the said state, after the admission thereof into the Union, shall be free at the age of twenty-five years." As might have been expected, this proviso precipitated the angry discussion which lasted for nearly three years, finally culminating in the Missouri Compromise. All phases of the slavery question were presented, not only in its moral and social aspects, but as a great constitutional question, affecting Missouri and the admission of future states. The pro- viso, when submitted to a vote, was adopted — 79 to 6y, and so reported to the House. Hon. John Scott, who was at that time a delegate from the Territory of Missouri, was not permitted to vote, but as such delegate, he had the privilege of participating in the debates which followed. On the i6th day of February the proviso was taken up and discussed. After several speeches had been made, among them one by Mr. Scott and one by the HISTORY OF MISSOURI. " 37 author of the proviso, Mr. Tallmadge, the amendment or proviso was divided into two parts, and voted upon. The first part of it, which included all to the word " convicted," was adopted — 87 to ']^. The remaining part was then voted upon, and also adopted, by 82 to 78. By a vote of 97 to 56 the bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading. The Senate Committee, to whom the bill was referred, reported the same to the Senate on the loth of February, when that body voted first upon a motion to strike out of the proviso all after the word " convicted," which was carried by a vote of 32 to 7. It then voted to strike out the first entire clause, which prevailed — 22 to 16, thereby defeating the proviso. , The House declined to concur in the action of the Senate, and the bill was again returned to that body, which in turn refused to recede from its position. The bill was lost, and Congress adjourned. This was most unfortunate for the country. The people having been wrought up to fever heat over the agitation of the question in the national councils, now became intensely excited. The press added fuel to the flame, and the progress of events seemed rapidly tending to the downfall of our nationality. A long interval of nine months was to ensue before the meeting ol Congress. That body indicated by its vote upon the " Missouri ques- tion " that the two great sections of the country were politically divided upon the subject of slavery. The restrictive clause, which it was sought to impose upon Missouri as a condition of her admission, would in all probability be one of the conditions of the admission of the Territory of Arkansas. The public mind was in a state of great doubt and uncer- tainty up to the meeting of Congress, which took place on the 6th of December, 18 19. The memorial of the Legislative Council and House of Representatives of the Missouri Territory, ^Draying for admission into the Union, was presented to the Senate by Mr. Smith, of South Carolina. It was referred to the Judiciary Committee. Some three weeks having passed without any action thereon by the Senate, the bill was taken up and discussed by the House until the 19th of February, when the bill from the Senate for the admission of Maine was considered. The bill for the admission of Maine included the " Mis- souri question" by an amendment, which reads as follows: ''And be it further enacted. That in all territory ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes, north latitude, (excepting such part thereof as is) included within the limits of the state, contemplated by this act, slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the party shall have been convicted, shall be and is hereby forever prohibited : Provided always, That any person escaping into the same, from whom labor or service is lawfully claimed^ 3S HISTORY OV MISSOURI. in any state or territory of the United States, such fugitive may be law- fully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labor or service as aforesaid." The Senate adopted this amendment, which formed the basis of the "Missouri Compromise," modified afterward by striking out the words, " excepting ojily such part thereof." The bill passed the Senate by a vote of 24 to 20. On the 2d day of March, the House took up the bill and amendments for consideration, and by a vote of 134 to 42, concurred in the Senate amendment, and the bill, being passed by the two Houses, constituted section 8, of "An Act to authorize the people of the Missouri Territory to form a Constitution and State Government, and for the admission of such state into the Union on an equal footing with the original states, and to prohibit slavery in certain territory." This act was approved March 6, 1820. Missouri then contained fifteen organized counties. By act of Congress the people of said state were authorized to hold an election on the first Monday, and two suc- ceeding days thereafter in May, 1820, to select representatives to a state convention. This convention met in St. Louis on the I2th of June, fol- lowing the election in May, and concluded its labors on the 19th of July, 1820. David Barton was its president, and William G. Pettis, secretary. There were forty-one members of this convention, men of ability and statesmanship, as the admirable constitution which they framed amply testifies. Their names and the counties represented by them are as follows : Cape Girardcaii. — Stephen Byrd, James Evans, Richard S. Thomas, Alexander Buckner and Joseph McFerron. Cooper.— ^oh^xt P. Clark, Robert Wallace, William Lillard. Frankli7t. — John G. Heath. Howard. — Nicholas S. Burkhart, Duff Green, John Ray, Jonathan S. Findley, Benjamin H. Reeves. Jeffersoji. — Daniel Hammond. Lincoln. — Malcolm Henry. Montgomery. — Jonathan Ramsey, James Talbott. Madison. — Nathaniel Cook. Nezv Madrid. — Robert S. Dawson, Christopher G. Houts. Pike. — Stephen Cleaver, St. Charles. — Benjamin Emmons, Nathan Boone, Hiram H. Baber. Ste. Genevieve. — John D. Cook, Henry Dodge, John Scott, R. T. Brown. St. Louis. — David Barton, Edward Bates, Alexander McNair, Wil- liam Rector, John C. Sullivan, Pierre Chouteau, Jr., Bernard Pratte, Thomas F. Riddick. Washington. — John Rice Jones, Samuel Perry, John Hutchings. Wayne. — Elijah Bettis. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 39 On the 13th of November, 1820, Congress met again, and on the i6th of the same month Mr. Scott, the delegate from Missouri, presented to the House the constitution as framed by the convention. The same was referred to a select committee, who made thereon a favorable report. The admission of the state, however, was resisted, because it was claimed that its constitution sanctioned slavery, and authorized the Legislature to pass laws preventing free negroes and mulatoes from set- tling in the state. The report of the committee to whom was referred the Constitution of Missouri, was accompanied by a preamble and reso- lutions, offered by Mr. Lowndes, of South Carolina. The preamble and resolutions were stricken out. The application of the state for admission shared the same fate in the Senate. The question was referred to a select committee, who, on the 29th of November, reported in favor of admitting the state. The debate which followed continued for two weeks, and finally Mr. Eaton, of Tennessee, offered an amendment to the resolution, as follows : '^Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to give the assent of Congress to any provision in the Constitution of Missouri, if any such there be, which contravenes that clause in the Con- stitution of the United States, which declares that the citizens of each state shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states." The resolution, as amended was adopted. The resolution and pro- viso were again taken up and discussed at great length, when the com- mittee agreed to report the resolution to the House. The question on agreeing to the amendment, as reported from the committee of the whole, was lost in the House. A similar resolution afterward passed the Senate, but was again rejected in the House. Then it was that the great statesman and pure patriot, Henry Clay, of Ken- tucky, feeling that the hour had come when angry discussion should cease; " With grave A'^pect he rose, and in his rising seem'd A pillar of state ; deep on his front engraven Deliberation sat and public care ; And princely counsel in his face yet shone Majestic "***** proposed that the question of Missouri's admission be referred to a com- mittee consisting of twenty-three persons (a number equal to the number of states then composing the L^nion) to be appointed to act in conjunc- tion with a committee of the Senate to consider and report whether Mis- souri should be admitted, etc. The motion prevailed, the committee was appointed and Mr. Clay made its chairman. The Senate selected seven Qi its members to act 40 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. with the committee of twenty-three, and the 26th of February the fol- lowing report was made by that committee : Resolved, By the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled : That Missouri shall be admitted into the Union, on an equal footing with the original states, in all respects whatever, upon the fundamental condition that the fourth clause of the twenty-sixth section of the third article of the Constitution submitted on the part of said state to Congress, shall never be construed to authorize the passage of any law, and that no law shall be passed in conformity thereto, 6y which any citizen of either of the states in this Union shall be excluded from the enjoyment of any of the privileges and immunities to which such citizen is entitled under the Constitution of the United States ; Provided, That the Legislature of said state, by a solemn public act, shall declare the assent of the said state to the said funda- mental condition, and shall transmit to the President of the United States, on or before the fourth Monday in November next, an authentic copy of the said act ; upon the receipt whereof, the President, by procla- mation, shall announce the fact; whereupon, and without any further proceeding on the part of Congress, the admission of the said state into the Union shall be considered complete." This resolution, after a brief debate, was adopted in the House, and passed the Senate on the 28th of February, 1821. At a special session of the Legislature held in St. Charles, in June following, a solemn public act was adopted, giving its assent to the con- ditions of admission, as expressed in the resolution of Mr. Clay. August 10, 1821, President Monroe announced by proclamation the admission of Missouri into the Union to be complete. CHAPTER VII. MISSOURI AS A STATE. FIRST ELECTION FOR GOVERNOR AND OTHER STATE OFFICERS— SENATORS AND REP- RESENTATIVES TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY— SHERIFFS AND CORONERS— UNITED STATES SENATORS— REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS-SUPREME COURT JUDGES- COUNTIES ORGANIZED— CAPITAL MOVED TO ST. CHARLES-OFFICIAL RECORD OF TERRITORIAL AND STATE OFFICERS. By the Constitution adopted by the Convention on the rgth of July, 1820, the General Assembly was required to meet in St. Louis on the third Monday in September of that year, and an election was ordered to HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 4^ be held on the 28th of August for the election of a Governor and other state offices, Senators and Representatives to the General Assembly, Sheriffs and Coroners, United States Senators and Representatives in Congress. It will be seen that Missouri had not as yet been admitted as a state, but in anticipation of that event and according to the provisions of the constitution the election was held, and the General Assembly convened, William Clark (who had been Governor of the territory) and Alex- ander McNair were candidates for Governor. McNair received 6,576 votes, Clark 2,556, total vote of the state 9,132. There were three can- didates for Lieutenant Governor, to wit : William H. Ashley, Nathaniel Cook and Henry Elliot. Ashley received 3,907 votes, Cook 3,212, Elliot 931. A Representative was to be elected for the residue of the Six- teenth Congress and one for the Seventeenth. John Scott, who was at the time territorial delegate, was elected to both Congresses without opposition. The General Assembly elected in August met on the 19th Septem- ber, 1820, and organized by electing James Caldwell, of Ste. Genevieve, Speaker, and John McArthur, Clerk ; William A.Ashley, Lieutenant Governor, President of the Senate ; Silas Bent, President pro tern. Matthias McKirk, John D. Cook and John R. Jones were appointed Supreme Judges, each to hold office until sixty-five years of age. Joshua Barton was appointed Secretary of State ; Peter Didier, State Treasurer ; Edward Bates, Atorney General, and William Christie, Auditor of Public Accounts. David Barton and Thomas H. Benton were elected by the General Assembly to the United States Senate. At this session of the Legislature the counties of Boone, Callaway, Chariton, Cole, Gasconade, Lillard, Percy, Ralls, Ray and Saline were organized. We should like to give in detail the meetings and proceedings of the different Legislatures which followed, the elections for Governors and other state officers, the elections for Congressmen and United States Senators, but for want of space we can only present in a condensed form the official record of the territorial and state officers. OFFICIAL RECORD — TERRITORIAL OFFICERS. Goveryiors. — Frederick Bates, Secretary and Acting Governor, 1812-13; William Clark, 1813-20. OFFICERS OF STATE GOVERNMENT. Governors. — Alexander McNair, 1820-24 ; Frederick Bates, 1824-21; ; Abraham J. Williams vice Bates, 1825 ; John Miller vice Bates, 1826-28; 42 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. John Miller, 182S-32; Daniel Dunklin, 1832-36, resigned, appointed Sur- veyor General United States; Lilburn W. Boggs vice Dunklin, 1836; Lilburn W. Boggs, 1836-40; Thomas Reynolds, 1840, died 1844; M. M. Marmaduke vice Reynolds — John C. Edwards, 1844-48 ; Austin A. King, 1848-52; Sterling Price, 1852-56; Trusten Polk, 1856-57, resigned ; Hancock Jackson vice Polk, 1857; Robert M. Stewart vice Polk, 1857-60; C. F. Jackson, 1S60, office vacated by ordinance; Hamilton R. Gamble vice Jackson, Governor Gamble died 1864; Williard P. Hall, 1864, vice Gamble; Thomas C. Fletcher, 1864-68; Joseph W. McClurg. 1868-70; B. Gratz Brown, 1870-72; Silas Woodson, 1872-74; Charles H, Hardin, [874-76; John S. Phelps, 1876-80; Thomas T. Crittenden, 1880, and is now Governor. Lieutenant-Governors. — William H. Ashley, 1820-24; Benjamin A Reeves, 1824-28; Daniel Dunklin, 1828-32; Lilburn W. Boggs, 1832-36; Franklin Cannon, 1836-40; M. M. Marmaduke, 1840-44; James Young, 1844-48-60; Thomas C. Reynolds, 1860-61 ; Williard P. Hall, 1861-64; George Smith, 1864-68 ; Edward O. Stannard, 1868-70; Joseph J. Gravely, 1870-72; Charles P. Johnson, 1872-74; Norman J.Coleman. 1874-76; Henry C. Brockmeyer, 1876-80; Robert Campbell, 1880, and is the pres- ent incumbent. Secretaries of State. — Joshua Barton, 1820-21 ; William G. Pettis, 1821-24; Hamilton R. Gamble, 1824-26; Spencer Pettis, 1826-28; P. H. McBride, 1829-30; John C. Edwards, 1830, term expired 1835, re-ap- pointed 1837, resigned 1837; Peter G. Glover, 1837-39; James L. Miner, 1839-45; F. H. Martin, 1845-49; Ephraim B, Ewing, 1849-52; John M. Richardson, 1852-56; Benjamin F. Massey, 1856-60, re-elected i860, for four years; Mordecai Oliver, 1861-64; Francis Rodman, 1864-68, re- elected 1868, for two years ; Eugene F. Weigel, 1870-72, re-elected 1872, for two years ; Michael K. McGrath, 1874, and is the present incumbent State Treasiirers. — Peter Didier, 1820-21 ; Nathaniel Simonds, 1821- 28 ; James Earickson, 1829-33; John Walker, 1833-38 ; Abraham McClel- lan, 1838-43 ; Peter G. Glover, 1843-51 ; A. W. Morrison, 1851-60; George C. Bingham, 1862-64; William Bishop, 1864-68; William Q. Dallmeyer. 1868-70; Samuel Hays, 1872; Harvey W. Salmon, 1872-74; Joseph W. Mercer, 1874-76; Elijah Gates, 1876-80; Phillip E. Chappel, 1880, and present incumbent. Attorneys General. — Edward Bates, 1820-21 ; Rufus Easton, 1821-26 ; Robert W.Wells, 1826-36; William B. Napton, 1836-39; S. M.Bay, 1839-45; B. F. Stringfellow, 1845-49; William A. Roberts, 1849-51; James B. Gardenhire, 1851-56; Ephraim W. Ewing, 1856-59; James P. Knott, 1859-61 ; Aikman Welsh, 1861-64; Thomas T. Crittenden, 1864; Robert F. Wingate, 1864-68 ; Horace P. Johnson, 1868-70; A. J. Baker, 1870-72 ; Henry Clay Ewing, 1872-74 ; John A. Hockaday, 1874-76 ; Jackson L. Smith, 1876-80 ; Mclntire, 1880, and present incumbent. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 43 Auditors of Public Accounts. — William Christie, 1820-21 ; William V. Rector, 1821-23 I Elias Barcroft, 1823-33 ; Henry Shurlds, 1833-35 \ Peter G. Glover, 1835-37 ; Hiram H. Baber, 1837-45 ; William Monroe, 1845 ; J. R. McDermon, 1845-48 ; George W. Miller, 1848-49; Wilson Brown, 1849-52 : William H. Buffington, 1852-60 ; William S. Moseley, 1860-64 ; Alonzo Thompson, 1864-68 ; Daniel M. Draper, 1868-72 ; George B. Clark, 1872-74 ; Thomas Holladay, 1874-80 ; John Walker, 1880, and present incumbent. Judges of Supreme Court. — Matthias McKirk, 1822-41 ; John D. Cooke, 1822-23 ; John R. Jones, 1822-24 ; Rufus Pettibone, 1823-25 ; George Tompkins, 1824-45 ; Robert Walsh, 1825-37 ; John C. Edwards, 1837-39; William Scott, appointed 1841, till meeting of General Assem- bly, in place of M. McKirk, resigned, re-appointed 1843 ; P. H. McBride, 1845 ; William B. Napton, 1849-52 ; John F. Ryland, 1849-51 ; John H. Birch, 1849-51 ; William Scott, John F. Ryland and Hamilton R, Gamble elected by the people 185 1, for six years ; Gamble resigned 1854 ; Abiel Leonard elected to fill vacancy of Gamble ; William B. Napton (vacated by failure to file oath), William Scott and John C. Richardson (resigned) elected August, 1857, for six years ; E. B. Ewing, 1859, to fill Richard- son's resignation ; Barton Bates appointed 1862 ; W. V. N. Bay appointed 1862 ; John D. S. Dryden, appointed 1862 ; Barton Bates, 1863-65 ; W. V. N. Bay, elected 1863 ; John D. S. Dryden, elected 1863 ; David Wag- ner, appointed 1865 ; Wallace L. Lovelace, appointed 1865 ; Nathaniel Holmes, appointed 1865 ; Thomas J. C. Flagg, appointed 1866; James Baker, appointed 1868; David Wagner, elected 1868-70; Philemon Bliss, 1868-70 ; Warren Currier, 1868-71 ; Washington Adams, appointed 1871 to fill Currier's place, who resigned ; Ephraim B. Ewing, elected 1872; Thomas A. Sherwood, elected 1872; W. B. Napton, appointed 1873, in place of Ewing, deceased ; Edward A. Seins. appointed 1874, in place of Adams, resigned ; Warwick Hough, elected 1874; William B. Napton, elected 1874-80: John E. Henry, 1876-86 ; Robert Ray suc- ceeded William B. Napton in i88o-; Elijah H. Norton, appointed in 1876 — elected in 1878. United States Senators. — T. H. Benton, 1820-50; D. Barton, 1820- 30 ; Alexander Buckner, 1830-33 ; L. F. Linn, 1833-43 ; D. R. Atchison, 1843-55 ; H. S. Gey6r, 1851-57 ; James M. Green, 1857-61 ; T. Polk, 1857- 63 ; Waldo P. Johnson, 1861 ; Robert Wilson, 1861 ; B. Gratz Brown, 1863, for unexpired term of Johnson ; J. B. Henderson, 1863-69 ; Charles D. Drake, 1867-70; Carl Schurz, 1869-75 ; D. F. Jewett, 1870, in place of Drake, resigned ; F. P. Blair, 1871-77 ; L. V. Bogy, 1873 ; F. M. Cock- rell, 1875-81, re-elected 1881 ; George C. Vest, 1879. Representatives to Congress — John Scott, 1820-26; Ed. Bates, 1826- ^8 ; Spencer Pettis, 1828-31 ; William H. Ashley, 1831-36 ; John Bull, 1832-34; Albert G. Harrison, 1834-39; John Miller, 1836-43; John Jameson, 44 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 1839-44, re-elected 1846 for two years ; John C. Edwards, 1840-42 ; James M. Hughes, 1842-44 ; James H. Relfe, 1842-46 ; James B, BowHn, 1842- 50; Gustavus M. Boner, 1842-44; Sterling Price, 1844-46; William Mc- Daniel, 1846 ; Leonard H. Sims, 1844-46 ; John S. Phelps, 1844-60 ; James S. Green, 1846-50, re-elected 1856, resigned ; Willard P. Hall, 1846-53; William V. N. Bay, 1848-61 ; John F. Darby, 1850-53 ; Gilchrist Porter, 1850-57 ; John G. Miller, 1850-56; Alfred W.Lamb, 1852-54 ; Thomas H. Benton, 1852-54 ; Mordecai Oliver, 1852-57 ; James J. Lindley, 1852- 56; Samuel Caruthers, 1852-58 ; Thomas P. Akers, 1855, to fill unexpired term of J, G. Miller ; Francis P. Blair, Jr., 1856, re-elected i860, resigned ; Thomas L. Anderson, 1856-1866; James Craig, 1856-60; Samuel H. Woodson, 1856-60 ; John B. Clark, Sr., 1857-61 ; J. Richard Barrett, i860 ; John W. Noel, 1858-63 ; James S. Rollins, 1860-64; Elijah H. Norton, 1860-63 ; John W. Reid, 1860-61 ; William A. Hall, 1862-64 ; Thomas L. Price, 1862, in place of Reid, expelled ; Henry T. Blow, 1862-66 ; Sem- pronius T. Boyd, elected in 1862, and again in 1868, for two years ; Joseph W. McClurg, 1862-66 ; Austin A. King, 1862-64 ; Benjamin F. Loan, 1862-69 ; John G. Scott, 1863, in place of Noel, deceased: John Hogan, 1864-66 ; Thomas F. Noel, 1864-67 ; John R. Kelsoe, 1864-66 ; Robert T. Van Horn, 1864-71 ; John F. Benjamin, 1864-71 ; George W. Anderson, 1864-69 ; William A. Pile, 1866-68 ; C. A. Newcomb, 1866-68 ; Joseph E. Gravely, 1866-68 ; James R. McCormack, 1866-73 ; John H, Stover, 1867, in place of McClurg, resigned ; Erastus Wells, 1868-82 ; G. A. Finklin- burg, 1868-71; Samuel S. Burdett, 1868-71; Joel F. Asper, 1868-70; David P. Dyer, 1868-70 ; Harrison E. Havens, 1870-75 ; Isaac C. Parker, 1870-75 ; James G. Blair, 1870-72 : Andrew King, 1870-72 ; Edwin O. Stannard, 1872-74; William H. Stone, 1872-78; Robert A. Hatcher, elected 1872; Richard P. Bland, 1872; Thomas Crittenden, 1872-74; Ira B. Hyde, 1872-74 ; John B. Clark, 1872-78 ; John M. Glover, 1872 ; Aylett H. Buckner, 1872 ; Edward C. Kerr, 1874-78 ; Charles H. Morgan, 1874; John S. Phelps, 1874 ; B. J. Franklin, 1874 ; David Rea, 1874 ; Rezin A. DeBoet, 1874; Anthony Ittner, 1876; Nathaniel Cole, 1876; Robert A. Hatcher, 1876-78 ; R. P. Bland, 1876-78 ; A. H. Buckner, 1876-78 ; J. B. Clark, Jr., 1876-78 ; T. T. Crittenden, 1876-78 ; B. J. Franklin, 1876-78 ; John M. Glover, 1876-78 ; Robert A. Hatcher, 1876-78 ; Charles H. Mor- gan, 1876-78 ; L. S. Metcalfe. 1876-78 ; H. M. Pollard, 1876-78 ; David Rea, 1876-78 ; S. L. Sawyer, 1878-80; N. Ford, 1878-82 ; G. E. Rothwell, 1878-82; John B. Clark, Jr., 1878-82; W. H. Hatch, 1878-82; A. H. Buckner, 1878-82 ; M. L. Clardy, 1878-82; R. G. Frost, 1878-82 ; L. H. Davis. 1878-82 ; R. P. Bland, 1878-82 ; J. R. Waddill, 1878-80 ; T. Allen, 1880-82 ; R. Hazeltine, 1880-82 ; T. M. Rice, 1880-82 ; R. T. Van Horn, 1880-82. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 45 COUNTIES — WHEN ORGANIZED. Adair . January 29, 1841 Andrew January 29, 1841 Atchison January 14, 1845 Audrain December 17, 1836 Barry January 5, 1835 Barton December 12, 1835 Bates January 29, 1841 Benton January 3, 1835 Bollinger March i, 1851 Boone November 16, 1820 Buchanan ........ February 10, 1839 Butler February 27, 1849 Caldwell December 26, 1836 Callaway November 25, 1820 Camden January 29, 1841 Cape Girardeau October i, 1812 Carroll January 3, 1833 Carter March 10, 1859 Cass September 14, 1835 Cedar February 14, 1845 Chariton November 16, 1820 Christian March 8, i860 Clark December 15, 1818 Clay January 2, 1822 Clinton January 15, 1833 Cole November 16, 1820 Cooper December 17, 1818 Crawford ........ January 23, 1829 Dade January 29, 1 84 1 Dallas December 10, 1844 Daviess December 29, 1836 DeKalb February 25, 1845 Dent February 10, 185 1 Douglas October 19, 1857 Dunklin February 14, 1845 Franklin December 11, 1818 Gasconade November 25, 1820 Gentry February 12, 1841 Greene January 2, 1833 Grundy January 2, 1843 Harrison February 14, 1845 Henry December 13, 1834 Hickory February 14, 1845 Holt February 15, 1841 Howard January 23, 1816 Howell March 2, 1857 Iron February 17, 1857 Jackson December 15, 1826 Jasper January 29, 1 84 1 Jefferson ....... December 8, 181 8 Johnson December 13, 1834 Knox February 14, Laclede February 24, Lafayette November 16, Lawrence February 25, Lewis January 2, Lincoln December 14, Linn January 7, Livingston ........ January 6, McDonald March 3, Macon January 6, Madison December 14, Maries March 2, Marion December 23, Mercer February 14, Miller February 6, Mississippi February 14, Moniteau February 14, Monroe . . , January 6, Montgomery December 14, Morgan January 5, New Madrid October I, Newton December 31, Nodaway February 14, Oregon February 14, Osage January 29, Ozark January 29, Pemiscot February 19, Perry November 16, Pettis January 26, Phelps November 13, Pike December 14, Platte December 3 1 , Polk March 13, Pulaski December 15, Putnam February 28, Ralls November 16, Randolph January 22, Ray November 16, Reynolds February 25, Ripley January 5, St. Charles October i , St, Clair January 29, St. Francois December 19, Ste. Genevieve October i, St. Louis October I, Saline November 25, Schuyler February 14, Scotland January 29, Scott December 28, Shannon January 29, Shelby January 2, 84s 849 820 845 833 818 837 837 849 837 818 855 826 845 837 845 845 831 818 833 812 838 84s 845 841 841 861 820 833 857 818 838 835 818 845 820 829 820 845 833 812 841 821 812 812 820 845 841 821 841 835 46 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. COUNTIES — WHEN ORGANIZED. — Continued. Stoddard January 2, 1835 Stone February 10, 185 1 Sullivan February 16, 1845 Taney January 16, 1837 Texas February 14, 1835 Vernon February 17, 1851 Warren January 5, 1833 Washington August 21, 1813 Wayne December il, 1818 Webster March 3, 1855 Worth February 8, 1861 Wright January 29, 184 ^ CHAPTER VIII. EARLY MILITARY RECORD. BLACK HAWK WAR-MORMON DIFFICULTIES-FLORIDA WAR-MEXICAN WAR. On the 14th day of May, 1832, a bloody engagement took place between the regular forces of the United States and a part of the Sacs, Foxes and Winnebago Indians, commanded by Black Hawk and Keo- kuk, near Dixon's Ferry, in Illinois. The Governor (John Miller) of Missouri, fearing these savages would invade the soil of his state, ordered Major General Richard Gentry to raise one thousand volunteers for the defense of the frontier. Five com- panies were at once raised in Boone County, and in Callaway, Montgom- ery, St. Charles, Lincoln, Pike, Marion, Ralls, Clay and Monroe other companies were raised. Two of these companies, commanded respectively by Captain John Jaimison, of Callaway, and Captain David M. Hickman, of Boone County, were mustered into service in July for thirty days, and put under com- mand of Major Thomas W. Conyers. This detachment, accompanied by General Gentry, arrived at Fort Pike on the 15th of July, 1832. Finding that the Indians had not crossed the Mississippi into Missouri, General Gentry returned to Columbia, leav- ing the fort in charge of Major Conyers, Thirty days having expired, the command under Major Conyers was relieved by two other compa- nies under Captain Sinclair Kirtley, of Boone, and Patrick Ewing, of Callaway. This detachment was marched to Fort Pike by Colonel Aus- tin A. King, who conducted the two companies under Major Conyers home. Major Conyers was left in charge of the fort, where he remained until September following, at which time the Indian troubles, so far as Missouri was concerned, having all subsided, the frontier forces were mustered out of service. Black Hawk continued the war in Iowa and Illinois, and was finally defeated and captured in 1833. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 47 MORMON DIFFICULTIES, • In 1832, Joseph Smith, the leader of the Mormons, and the chosen prophet and apostle, as he claimed, of the Most High, came with many- followers to Jackson County, Missouri, where they located and entered several thousand acres of land. The object of his coming so far west — upon the very outskirts of civilization at that time — was to more securely establish his church, and the more effectively to instruct his followers in its peculiar tenets and practices. Upon the present town site of Independence the Mormons located their " Zion," and gave it the name of " The New Jerusalem." They pub- lished here the Evening Star, and made themselves generally obnoxious to the Gentiles, who were then in the minority, by their denunciatory articles through their paper, their clannishness and their polygamous practices. Dreading the demoralizing influence of a paper which seemed to be inspired only with hatred and malice toward them, the Gentiles threw the press and type into the Missouri River, tarred and feathered one of their bishops, and otherwise gave the Mormons and their leaders to understand that they must conduct themselves in an entirely different manner if they wished to let alone. After the destruction of their paper and press, they became furiously incensed, and sought many opportunities for retaliation. Matters con- tinued in an uncertain condition until the 31st of October, 1833, when a deadly conflict occurred near Westport, in which two Gentiles and one Mormon were killed. On the 2d of November following the Mormons were overpowered, and compelled to lay down their arms and agree to leave the country with their families by January ist, on the condition that the owner would be paid for his printing press. Leaving Jackson County, they crossed the Missouri and located in Clay, Carroll, Caldwell and other counties, and selected in Caldwell County a town site, which they called " Far West," and where they entered more land for their future homes. Through the influence of their missionaries, who were exerting themselves in the east and in different portions of Europe, converts had constantly flocked to their standard, and "Far West," and other Mormon settlements rapidly prospered. In 1837, they commenced the erection of a magnificent temple, but never finished it. As their settlements increased in numbers they became bolder in their practices and deeds of lawlessness. During the summer of 1838, two of their leaders settled in the town of DeWitt, on the Missouri River, having purchased the land from an. 48 HISTORY OF Missoura. Illinois merchant. DeWitt was in Carroll County, and a good point from which to forward goods and immigrants to their town— Far West. Upon its being ascertained that these parties were Mormon leaders, the Gentiles called a public meeting, which was addressed by some of the prominent citizens of the county. Nothing, however, was done at this meeting, but at a subsequent meeting, which was held a few days afterward, a committee of citizens was appointed to notify Colonel Hinkle (one of the Mormon leaders at DeWitt) what they intended to do. Colonel Hinkle. upon being notified by this committee, became indignant, and threatened extermination to all who should attempt to molest him or the Saints. In anticipation of trouble, and believing that the Gentiles would attempt to force them from DeWitt, Mormon recruits flocked to the town from every direction, and pitched their tents in and around the town in great numbers. The Gentiles, nothing daunted, planned an attack upon this encamp- ment, to take place on the 2ist day of September, 1838, and, accordingly, one hundred and fifty men bivouacked near the town on that day. A conflict ensued, but nothing serious occurred. The Mormons evacuated their works and fled to some log houses, where they could the more successfully resist the Gentiles, who had in the meantime returned to their camp to await reinforcements. Troops from Howard, Ray and other counties came to their assistance, and increased their number to five hundred men. Congreve Jackson was chosen Brigadier General ; Ebenezer Price, Colonel ; Singleton Vaughn, Lieutenant Colonel, and Sarchel Woods, Major. After some days of discipHne, this brigade prepared for an assault, but before the attack was commenced, Judge James Earickson and William F. Dunnica, influential citizens of Howard County, asked permission of General Jackson to let them try and adjust the difficulties without any bloodshed. It was finally agreed that Judge Earickson should propose to the Mormons that, if they would pay for all the cattle they had killed belong- inc to the citizens, and load their wagons during the night and be ready to move by ten o'clock next morning, and make no further attempt to settle in Howard County, the citizens would purchase at first cost their lots in DeWitt and one or two adjoining tracts of land. Colonel Hinkle,the leader of the Mormons, at first refused all attempts to settle the difficulties in this way, but finally agreed to the proposition. In accordance therewith, the Mormons, without further delay, loaded up their wagons for the town of Far West, in Caldwell County. Whether the terms of the agreement were ever carried out on the part of the cit- izens, is not known. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 49 The Mormons had doubtless suffered much and in many ways — the result of their own acts — but their trials and sufferings were not at an end. In 1838, the discord between the citizens and Mormons became so great that Governor Boggs issued a proclamation ordering Major General David R. Atchison to call the militia of his division to enforce the laws. He called out a part of the First Brigade of the Missouri State Militia, under command of General A. W. Doniphan, who proceeded to the seat of war. General John B. Clark, of Howard County, was placed in com- mand of the militia. The Mormon forces numbered about 1,000 men, and were led by G. W. Hinkle. The first engagement occurred at Crooked River, where one Mormon was killed. The principal fight took place at Haughn's Mills, where eighteen Mormons were killed and the balance captured, some of them being killed after they had surrendered. Only one militia- man was wounded. In the month of October, 1838, Joe Smith surrendered the town of Far West to General Doniphan, agreeing to his conditions, viz : That they should deliver up their arms, surrender their prominent leaders for trial, and the remainder of the Mormons should, with their families, leave the state. Indictments were found against a number of these leaders, including Joe Smith, who, while being taken to Boone County for trial, made his escape, and was afterward, in 1844, killed at Carthage, Illinois, with his brother Hyrum. FLORIDA WAR In September, 1837, the Secretary of War issued a requisition on Governor Boggs, of Missouri, for six hundred volunteers, for service in Florida against the Seminole Indians, with whom the Creek Nation had made common cause under Osceola. The first regiment was chiefly raised in Boone County by Colonel Richard Gentry, of which he was elected colonel ; John W. Price, of Howard County, lieutenant colonel ; Harrison H. Hughes, also of How- ard, major. Four companies of the second regiment were raised and attached to the first. Two of these companies were composed of Dela- ware and Osage Indians. October 6, 1837, Colonel Gentry's regiment left Columbia for the seat of war, stopping on the way at Jefferson barracks, where they were mustered into service. Arriving at Jackson barracks. New Orleans, they were from thence transported in brigs across the Gulf to Tampa Bay, Florida. General Zachary Taylor, who then commanded in Florida, ordered Colonel Gen- try to march to Okee-cho-bee Lake, one hundred and thirty-five miles inland by the route traveled. Having reached the Kissimmee River, 50 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. seventy miles distant, a bloody battle ensued in which Colonel Gentry was killed. The Missourians, though losing their gallant leader, con- tinued the fight until the Indians were totally routed, leaving many of their dead and wounded on the field. There being no further service required of the Missourians, they returned to their homes in 1838. MEXICAN WAR. Soon after Mexico declared war against the United States, on the 8th and 9th of May, 1846, the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma were fought. Great excitement prevailed throughout the country. In none of her sister states, however, did the fires of patriotism burn more intensely than in Missouri. Not waiting for the call for volunteers, the "St. Louis Legion" hastened to the field of conflict. The Legion was commanded by Colonel A. R. Easton. During the month of May, 1846, Governor Edwards, of Missouri, called for volunteers to join the "Army of the West," an expedition to the Santa Fe, under command of General Stephen W. Kearny. Fort Leavenworth was the appointed rendezvous for the volunteers. By the i8th of June, the full complement of companies to compose the First regiment had arrived from Jackson, Lafayette, Clay, Saline, Frank- lin, Cole, Howard and Callaway Counties. Of this regiment, A. W. Don- iphan was made colonel; C. F. Ruff, lieutenant colonel, and William Gilpin, major. The battalion of light artillery from St. Louis, was com- manded by Captains R. A. Weightman and A. W. Fischer, with Major M, L. Clark as field of^cer ; battalions of infantry from Platte and Cole Counties, commanded by Captains Murphy and W. Z. Augney, respect- ively, and the " Laclede Rangers," from St. Louis, by Captain Thomas B. Hudson, aggregating, all told, from Missouri, 1,658 men. In the summer of 1846, Hon. Sterling Price resigned his seat in Congress, and raised one mounted regiment, one mounted extra battalion, and one extra battalion of Mormon infantry to reinforce the "Army of the West." Mr. Price was made colonel, and D. D. Mitchell, lieutenant colonel. In Auguet, 1847, Governor Edwards made another requisition for one thousand men, to consist of infantry. The regiment was raised at once. John Dougherty, of Clay County, was chosen colonel, but before the regiment marched the President countermanded the order. A company of mounted volunteers was raised in Ralls County, com- manded by Captain William T. Lalfland. Conspicuous among the engagements in which the Missouri volunteers participated in Mexico were the battles of Brazito. Sacramento, Canada, El Embudo. Taos, and Santa Cruz de Rosales. The forces from Missouri were mustered out in 1848, and will ever be remembered in the history of the Mexican war, for "A thousand glorious actions that might claim Triumphant laurels, and immortal fame." HISTORY OF MISSOURI. $^ CHAPTER IX.. CIVIL WAR IN MISSOURI. % SUMTER FIRED UPON-CALL FOR 75,000 MEN— GOVERNOR JACKSON REFUSES TO FURNISH A MAN-UNITED STATES ARSENAL AT LIBERTY, MISSOURI, SEIZED - PROCLAMATION OF GOVERNOR JACKSON— GENERAL ORDER NO. 7-LEGISLATURE CONVENES-CAMP JACKSON ORGANIZED— STERLING PRICE APPOINTED MAJOR GENERAL— FROST'S LETTER TO LYON— LYON'S LETTER TO FROST— SURRENDER OF CAMP JACKSON — PROCLAMATION OF GENERAL HARNEY — CONFERENCE BETWEEN PRICE AND HARNEY— HARNEY SUPERSEDED BY LYON— SECOND CON- FERENCE—GOVERNOR JACKSON BURNS THE BRIDGES BEHIND HIM— PROCLAMA- TION OF GOVERNOR JACKSON-GENERAL BLAIR TAKES POSSESSION OF JEFFERSON CITY— PROCLAMATION OF LYON— LYON AT SPRINGFIELD-STATE OFFICES DECLARED VACANT— GENERAL FREMONT ASSUMES COMMAND— PROCLAMATION OF LIEUTEN- ANT GOVERNOR REYNOLDS— PROCLAMATION OF JEFF. THOMPSON AND GOVERNOR JACKSON— DEATH OF GENERAL LYON— SUCCEEDED BY STURGIS -PROCLAMATION OF M'CULLOCH AND GAMBLE— MARTIAL LAW DECLARED— SECOND PROCLAMATION OF JEFF. THOMPSON — PRESIDENT MODIFIES FREMONT'S ORDER — FREMONT RELIEVED BY HUNTER-PROCLAMATION OF PRICE— HUNTER'S ORDER OF ASSESS- MENT-HUNTER DECLARES MARTIAL LAW-ORDER RELATING TO NEWSPAPERS— HALLECK SUCCEEDS HUNTER— HALLECK'S ORDER 81— SIMILAR ORDER BY HAL- LECK-BOONE COUNTY STANDARD CONFISCATED— EXECUTION OF PRISONERS AT MACON AND PALMYRA-GENERAL EWING'S ORDER NO. ii-GENERAL ROSECRANS TAKES COMMAND— MASSACRE AT CENTRALIA— DEATH OF BILL ANDERSON— GEN- ERAL DODGE SUCCEEDS GENERAL ROSECRANS— LIST OF BATTLES. •' Lastly stood war — With visage grim, stern looks, and blackly hued, ****** Ah ! why will kings forget that they are men ? And men that they are brethren ? Why delight In human sacrifice ? Why burst the ties Of nature, that should knit their souls together In one bond of amity and love? " Fort Sumter was fired upon April 12, 1861. On April 15th, President Lincoln issued a proclamation, calling for 75,000 men, from the militia of the several states, to suppress combinations in the Southern States therein named. Simultaneously therewith the secretary of war sent a telegram to all the governors of the states, excepting those mentioned in the proclamation, requesting them to detail a certain number ot militia to serve for three months, Missouri's quota being four regiments. In response to this telegram Governor Jackson sent the following answer: Executive Department of Missouri, Jefferson City, April 17, 1861. To the Hon. Simon Cameron, Secretary of War, Washington, D. C. : Sir: Your dispatch of the 15th inst., making a call on Missouri for four regiments of men for immediate service, has been received. There can be, I apprehend, no doubt but these men are intended to form a part of the President's army to make war upon the people of the 52 HISTORY OF MISSOURI- seceded states. Your requisition, in my judgment, is illegal, unconsti- tutional, and cannot be complied with. Not one man will the State of Missouri furnish to carry on such an unholy war. C. F. JACKSON, Governor of Missouri. April 21, 1861. United States Arsenal at Liberty was seized by order of Governor Jackson. April 22, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation convening the Legislature of Missouri in May following, in extra session, to take into consideration the momentuous issues which were presented, and the attitude to be assumed by the state in the impending struggle. On the 22d of April, 1861, the Adjutant General of Missouri issued the following military order: Headquarters Adjutant General's Office, Mo., Jefferson City, April 22, 1861. {Ge7ieral Order No. 7.) L To attain a greater degree of efficiency and perfection in organi- sation and discipline, the commanding officers of the several military .districts in this state, having four or more legally organized companies therein, whose armories are within fifteen miles of each other, will assem- ble their respective commands at some place to be by them severally designated, on the 3d of May, and to go into an encampment for a period of six days as provided by law. Captains of companies not organized into battalions, will report the strength of their companies immediately to these headquarters, and await further orders. IL The quartermaster general will procure and issue to quarter- masters of districts, for these commands not now provided for, all neces- sary tents and camp equipage, to enable the commanding officers thereof to carry the foregoing orders into effect. in. The Light Battery now attached to the Southwest Battalion, and one company of mounted riflemen, including all officers and soldiers belonging to the First District, will proceed forthwith to St. Louis and report to General D. M. Frost for duty. The remaining companies of said battalion will be disbanded for the purpose of assisting in the organ- ization of companies, upon that frontier. The details of the execution of •the foregoing are intrusted to Lieutenant Colonel John S. Bowen, com- manding the battalion. IV. The strength, organization and equipment of the several com- panies in the districts will be reported at once to these headquarters, .and district inspectors will furnish all information which may be service- able in ascertaining the condition of state forces. By order of the Governor. WARWICK HOUGH, Adjutant General of Missouri. May 2, 1861. The legislature, convened in extra session. Many acts were passed among which was one to authorize the governor to purchase or lease David Ballentine's foundry, at Boonville, for the man- ufacture of arms and munitions of war ; to authorize the governor to HISTORY OF illSSOURI. 53 appoint one major general ; to authorize the governor, when in his opin- ion the security and welfare of the state required it, to take possession of the railroad and telegraph lines of the state ; to provide for the organ- ization, government and support of the military forces ; to borrow one million of dollars to arm and equip the militia of the state to repel inva- sion and protect the lives and property of the people. An act was also passed creating a " Military Fund," to consist of all the money then in the treasury or that might thereafter be received from the one-tenth of one per cent, on the hundred dollars, levied by act of November, 1857, to complete certain railroads ; also the proceeds of a tax of fifteen cents on the hundred dollars of the assessed value of the taxable property of the several counties in the state, and the proceeds of the two mill tax, which had been theretofore appropriated for educational purposes. May 3, 1861. "Camp Jackson" was organized. May 10, 1861. Sterling Price appointed major general of state guard. May 10, 1861. General Frost, commanding "Camp Jackson,'' addressed General N. Lyon, as follows : Headquarters Camp Jackson, Missouri Militia, May 10, 1861. Captain N. Lyon, Comrnanding United States Troops in and about St. Louis Arsenal. Sir : I am constantly in receipt of information that you contem- plate an attack upon my camp, whilst I understand that you are impressed with the idea that an attack upon the arsenal and United States troops is intended on the part of the militia of Missouri. I am greatly at a loss to know what could justify you in attacking citizens of the United States, who are in lawful performance of their duties, devolving upon them under the constitution in organizing and instructing the militia of the state in obedience to her laws, and, therefore, have been disposed to doubt the correctness of the information I have received. I would be glad to know from you personally whether there is any truth in the statements that are constantly pouring into my ears. So far as regards any hostility being intended toward the United States, or its property or representatives by any portion of my command, or, as far as I can learn (and I think I am fully informed) of any other part of the state forces, I can positively say that the idea has never been enter- tained. On the contrary, prior to your taking command of the arsenal, I proffered to Mayor Bell, then in command of the very few troops con- stituting its guard, the services of myself and all my command, and, if necessary, the whole power of the state, to protect the United States in the full possession of all her property. Upon General Harney taking command of this department, I made the same proffer of services to him, and authorized his Adjutant General, Captain Williams, to communicate the fact that such had been done to the War Department. I have had no occasion since to change any of the views I entertained at the time, neither of my own volition nor through the orders of my constitutional commander. 54 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. I trust that after this explicit statement that we may be able, by fully understanding each other, to keep far from our borders the misfor- tunes which so unhappily affect our common country. This communication will be handed you by Colonel Bowen, my chief of staff, who will be able to explain anything not fully set forth in the foregoing. I am, sir, very respectfully, vour obedient servant, BRIGADIER 'GENERAL D. M. FROST, Cojnmanding Camp Jackson, M. V. M. May 10, 1861. General Lyon sent the following to General Frost: Headquarters United States Troops, St. Louis, Mo., May 10, 1861. General D. M. Frost, Commanding Camp Jackson: Sir : Your command is regarded as evidently hostile toward the Government of the United States. It is, for the most part, made up of those secessionists who have openly avowed their hostility to the general government, and have been plotting at the seizure of its property and the overthrow of its authority. You are openly in communication with the so-called Southern Confed- eracy, which is now at war with the United States, and you are receiving at your camp, from the said Confederacy and under its flag, large sup- plies of the material of war, most of which is known to be the property of the United States. These extraordinary preparations plainly indicate none other than the well-known purpose of the governor of this state, under whose orders you are acting, and whose communication to the legislature has just been responded to by that body in the most unpar- alleled legislation, having in direct view hostilities to the general gov- ernment and co-operation with its enemies. In view of these considerations, and of your failure to disperse in obedience to the proclamation of the President, and of the imminent necessities of state policy and warfare, and the obligations imposed upon me by instructions from Washington, it is my duty to demand, and I do hereby demand of you an immediate surrender of your command, with no other conditions than that all persons surrendering under this com- mand shall be humanely and kindly treated. Believing myself prepared to enforce this demand, one-half hour's time before doing so will be allowed for your compliance therewith. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, N. LYON, Captain Second Infantry, Commanding Troops. May 10, 1861. Camp Jackson surrendered and prisoners all released excepting Captain Emmet McDonald, who refused to subscribe the parole. May 12, 1861. Brigadier General William S. Harney issued a proc- lamation to the people of Missouri, saying, "he would carefully abstain from the exercise of any unnecessary powers," and only use " the military force stationed in this district in the last resort to preserve peace." May 14, 1861. General Harney issued a second proclamation. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 55 May 21, 1861. General Harney held a conference with General Sterling Price, of the Missouri State Guards. May 31, 1861. General Harney superseded by General Lyon. June II, 1861. A second conference was held between the national and state authorities in St. Louis, which resulted in nothing. June II, 1861. Governor Jackson left St. Louis for Jefferson City, burning the railroad bridges behind him, and cutting telegraph wires. June 12, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation calling into active service 50,000 militia, " to repel invasion, protect life, prop- erty, etc." June 15, 1861. Colonel F. P. Blair took possession of the state capi- tal. Governor Jackson, General Price and other officers having left on the 13th of June for Boonville. June 17, 1861. Battle of Boonville took place between the forces of General Lyon and Colonel John S. Marmaduke. June 18, 1861. General Lyon issued a proclamation to the people of Missouri. July 5, 1 86 1. Battle at Carthage between the forces of General Sigel and Governor Jackson. July 6, 1861. General Lyon reached Springfield. July 22, i86i. State convention met and declared the offices of Governor, Lieutenant Governor and Secretary of State vacated. July 26, 1861. General John C. Fremont assumed command of the Western Department, with headquarters in St. Louis. July 31, 1861. Lieutenant Governor Thomas C. Reynolds issued a proclamation at New Madrid. August I, 1861. General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation at Bloomfield. August 2, 1861. Battle of Dug Springs, between Captain Steele's forces and General Rains. August 5, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation at New Madrid. August 5, 1861. Battle of Athens. August 10, 1861. Battle of Wilson's Creek, between the forces under General Lyon and General McCulloch. In this engagement Gen- eral Lyon was killed. General Sturgis succeeded General Lyon. August 12, 1861. McCulloch issued a proclamation, and soon left Missouri. August 20, 1861. General Price issued a proclamation. August 24, 1861. Governor Gamble issued a proclamation calling for 32,000 men for six months, to protect the property and lives of the citizens of the state. August 30, 1861. General Fremont declared martial law, and declared that the slaves of all persons who should thereafter take an active part with the enemies ot the government should be free. 56 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. September 2, 1861. General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation in response to Fremont's proclamation. September 7, 1861. Battle at Drywood Creek. September 11, 1861. President Lincoln modified the clause in Gen- eral Fremont's declaration of martial law, in reference to the confiscation of property and liberation of slaves. September 12, 1861. General Price begins the attack at Springfield on Colonel Mulligan's forces. September 20, 1861. Colonel Mulligan with 2,640 men surrendered. October 25, 1861. Second battle at Springfield. November 2, 1861. General Fremont succeeded by General David Hunter, November 7, 1861. General Grant attacked Belmont. November 9, 1861. General Hunter succeeded by General Halleck, who took command on the 19th of the same month, with headquarters in St. Louis. November 27, 1861. General Price issued proclamation calling for 50,000 men, at Neosho, Missouri. December 12, 1861. General Hunter issued his order of assessment upon certain wealthy citizens in St. Louis, for feeding and clothing Union refugees. December 23-25, 1861. Declared martial law in St. Louis and the country adjacent, and covering all the railroad lines. March 6, 1862. Battle at Pea Ridge between the forces under Gen- eral Curtis and Van Dorn. January 8, 1862. Provost Marshal Farrar, of St. Louis, issued the following order in reference to newspapers : Office of the Provost Marshal, General Department of Missouri, St. Louis, January 8, 1862. {General Order No. 10.) It is hereby ordered that from and after this date the publishers of newspapers in the State of Missouri (St. Louis city papers excepted) furnish to this office, immediately upon publication, one copy of each issue, for inspection. A failure to comply with this order will render the newspaper liable to suppression. Local Provost Marshals will furnish the proprietors with copies of this order, and attend to its immediate enforcement. BERNARD G. FARRAR, Provost Marshal Ge?isral. January 26, 1862. General Halleck issued order (No. 18) which for- bade, among other things, the display of secession flags in the hands of women or on carriages, in the vicinitj^ of the military prison in McDow- ell's College, the carriages to be confiscated and the offending women to be arrested. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 5» February 4, 1S62. General Halleck issued another order similar to Order No. 18, to railway companies, and to the professors and directors of the State University at Columbia, forbidding the funds of the institu- tion to be used "to teach treason or to instruct traitors." February 20, 1862. Special Order No. 120, convened a military com- mission, which sat in Columbia, March following, and tried Edmund J. Ellis, of Columbia, editor and proprietor of the Boone County Standard, for the publication of information for the benefit of the enemy, and encouraging resistance to the United States Government. Ellis was found guilty, was banished during the war from Missouri, and his print- ing materials confiscated and sold. April, 1862. General Halleck left for Corinth, Mississippi, leaving General Schofield in command. June, 1862. Battle at Cherry Grove between the forces under Col- onel Joseph C. Porter and Colonel H. S. Lipscomb. June, 1862. Battle at Pierce's Mill between the forces under Major John Y. Clopper and Colonel Porter. July 22, 1862. Battle at Florida, July 28, 1862. Battle at Moore's Mill. August 6, 1862. Battle near Kirksville. August ir, 1862. Battle at Independence. ^ August 16, 1862. Battle at Lone Jack. September 13, 1862. Battle at Newtonia. September 25, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners were executed at Macon by order of General Merrill. October 18, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners executed at Palmyra by order of General McNeill. January 8, 1863. Battle at Springfield between the forces of General Marmaduke and General E. B. Brown. April 26, 1863. Battle at Cape Girardeau. August — , 1863. General Jeff. Thompson captured at Pocahontas, Arkansas, with his staff. August 25, 1863. General Thomas Ewing issued his celebrated Order No. 11, at Kansas City, Missouri, which is as follows : Headquarters District of the Border, Kansas City, Mo., August 25, 1863. {General Order No. 11.) First. — All persons living in Cass, Jackson and Bates Counties, Mis- souri, and in that part of Vernon included in this district, except those living within one mile of the limits of Independence, Hickman's Mills, Pleasant Hill and Harrisonville, and except those in that part of Kaw Township, Jackson County, north of Brush Creek and west of the Big Blue, embracing Kansas City and Westport, are hereby ordered to remove from their present places of residence within fifteen days from the date hereof. 58 HISTORY OF MISSOURI, Those who, within that time, establish their loyalty to the satisfac- tion of the commanding officer of the military station nearest their present places of residence, will receive from him certificates stating the fact of their loyalty, and the names of the witnesses by whom it can be shown. All who receive such certificate will be permitted to remove to any military station in this district, or to any part of the State of Kansas, except the counties on the eastern borders of the state. All others shall remove out of this district. Officers commanding companies and detach- ments serving in the counties named, will see that this paragraph is promptly obeyed. SecoTid. — All grain and hay in the field, or under shelter, in the dis- trict from which the inhabitants are required to remove, within reach of military stations, after the 9th day of September next, will be taken to such stations and turned over to the proper officer there, and report of the amount so turned over made to district headquarters, specifying the names of all loyal owners and the amount of such produce taken from them. All grain and hay found in such district after the 9th day of Sep- tember next, not convenient to such stations, will be destroyed. Third. — The provisions of General Order No. 10, from these head- quarters, will at once be vigorously executed by officers commanding in the parts of the district, and at stations not subject to the operations of paragraph First of this Order — and especially in the towns of Independ- ence, Westport and Kansas City. Fourth. — Paragraph 3, General Order No. 10, is revoked as to all who have borne arms against the government in the district since August 20, 1863. By order of Brigadier General Ewing. H. HANNAHS, Adjutant. October 12-13, 1863. Battle of Arrow Creek. January, 1864. General Rosecrans takes command of the depart- ment. September, 1864, Battle at Pilot Knob, Harrison and Little Mor- ceau River. September 27, 1864. Massacre at Centralia, by Captain William Anderson. October 5, 1864. Battle at Prince's Ford and James Gordon's farm. October 15, 1864. Battle at Glasgow. October 20, 1864. Battle at Little Blue Creek. October 27, 1864. Captain Anderson killed. December — , 1864. General Rosecrans relieved, and General Dodge appointed to succeed him. Nothing occurred specially, of a military character, in the state, after December, 1864. We have in the main, given the facts as they occurred, without comment or entering into details. Many of the minor incidents and skirmishes of the war have been omitted because of our limited space. It is utterly impossible, at this date, to give the names and dates of all the battles fought in Missouri during the civil war. It will be found. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 59 however, that the list given below, whicn has been arranged for conven- ience, contains the prominent battles and skirmishes which took place within the state : Potosi, May 14, 1 86 1. Boonville, June 17, iS6r. Carthage, July 5, i86r. Monroe Station, July 10, 1861. Overton's Run, July 17, 1861. Dug Spring, August 2, 1861. Wilson's Creek, August 9, 1861. Athens, August 5, 1861. Moreton, August 20, i86r. Bennett's Mills, September — , 1861. Drywood Creek, September 7, 1861. Norfolk, September 10, 1861. Lexington, September 12-20, 1861. Blue Mills Landing, September 17, 1861. Glasgow Mistake, September 20, 1861. Osceola, September 25, 1861. Shanghai, October 13, 1861. Lebanon, October 13, 1861. Linn Creek, October 15, i86r. Big River Bridge, October 15, 1861. Fredericktown, October 21, 1861. Springfield, October 25, 1861. Belmont, November 7, 1861. Piketon, November 8, 1861. Little Blue, November 10, i86r. Clark's Station, November 11, 1861. Zion Church, December 28, 1861. Silver Creek, January 15, 1862. New Madrid, February 28, 1862. Pea Ridge, March 6, 1862. Neosho, April 22, 1862, Rose Hill, July 10, 1862. Chariton River, July 30, 1862. Cherry Grove, June — , 1862. Pierce's Mill, June — , 1862. Florida, July 22, 1862. Moore's Mill, July 28, 1862. Kirksville, August 6, 1862. Compton's Ferry, August 8, 1862 Yellow Creek, August 13, 1862. 60 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Independence, August ii, 1862. Lone Jack, August 16, 1862. Newtonia, September 13, 1862. Springfield^ January 8, 1863. Cape Girardeau, April 29, 1863. Arrow Rock, October 12 and 13, 1863. Pilot Knob, September — , 1864. Harrison, September — , 1864. Moreau River, October 7, 1864. Prince's Ford, October 5, 1864. Glasgow, October 15, 1864. Little Blue Creek, October 20, 1864. Albany, October 27, 1864. Near Rocheport, September 23, 1864 Centralia, September 27, 1864. CHAPTER X. AGRICULTURE AND MATERIAL WEALTH. MISSOURI AS AN AGRICULTURAL STATE— THE DIFFERENT CROPS— LIVE STOCK— HORSES —MULES— MILCH COWS— OXEN AND OTHER CATTLE— SHEEP— HOGS— COMPARISONS —MISSOURI ADAPTED TO LIVE STOCK— COTTON— BROOM CORN AND OTHER PRO- DUCTS— FRUITS— BERRIES— GRAPES— RAILROADS— FIRST NEIGH OF THE "IRON HORSE" IN MISSOURI— NAMES OF RAILROADS— MANUFACTURES— GREAT BRIDGE AT ST. LOUIS. Agriculture is the greatest among all the arts of man, as it is the first in supplying his necessities. It favors and strenthens population ; it creates and maintains manufactures ; gives employment to navigation, and furnishes materials to commerce. It animates every species of indus- try, and opens to nations the safest channels of wealth. It is the strongest bond of well regulated society, the surest basis of internal peace, and the natural associate of correct morals. Among all the occupations and professions of life there is none more honorable, none more independent and none more conducive to health and happiness. *' In ancient times the sacred plow employ'd The kings, and awful fathers of mankind ; And some, with whom compared, your insect tribes Are but the beings of a summer's day, Have held the scale of empire, ruled the stor Of mighty war with unwearied hand, Disdaining little delicacies, seized The plow and greatly independent lived." HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 6l As an agricultural region, Missouri is not surpassed by any state in the Union. It is indeed the farmer's kingdom, where he always reaps an abundant harvest. The soil, in many portions of the state, has an open, flexible structure, quickly absorbs the most excessive rains, and retains moisture with great tenacity. This being the case it is not so easily affected by drouth. The prairies are covered with sweet, luxuri- ant grass, equally good tor grazing and hay ; grass not surpassed by the Kentucky blue grass — the best of clover and timothy in growing and fattening cattle. This grass is now as full of life-giving nutriment as it was when cropped by the buffalo, the elk, the antelope and the deer, and costs the herdsman nothing. No state or territory has a more complete or rapid system of natural drainage, or a more abundant supply of pure, fresh water, than Missouri. Both man and beast may slake their thirst from a thousand perennial fountains, which gush in limpid streams from the hillsides and wend their way through verdant valleys and along smiling prairies, varying in size as they onward flow, from the diminutive brooklet to the giant river. Here nature has generously bestowed her attractions of climate, soil and scenery to please and gratify man while earning his bread in the sweat of his brow. Being thus munificently endowed, Missouri offers superior inducements to the farmer, and bids him enter her broad domain and avail himself of her varied resources. We present here a table showing the product of each principal crop in Missouri for 1878 : Indian Corn 93,062,000 bushels. Wheat 20,196,000 Rye . . . , 732,000 Oats 19,584,000 Buckwheat 46,400 Potatoes 5,415,000 Tobacco 23,023,000 pounds. Hay 1,620,000 tons. There were 3,522,000 acres in corn ; wheat, 1,836,000; rye, 48,800; oats, 640,000 ; buckwheat, 2,900 ; potatoes, 72,200 ; tobacco, 29,900 ; hay, 850,000. Value of each crop: corn, $24,196,224; wheat, $i3,53i»32o; rye, $300,120; oats, $3,325,120; buckwheat, $24,128; potatoes, $2,057,- 700; tobacco, $1,151,150; hay, $10,416,600. Average cash value of crops per acre, $7.69 ; average yield of corn per acre, 26 bushels; wheat, 11 bushels. Next in importance to the corn crop in value is the live stock. The following table shows the number of horses, mules and milch cows in the different states for 1879 : 62 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. STATES. HORSES Maine 81,700 New Hampshire 57, 100 Vermont 77>400 Massachusetts 131,000 Rhode Island 16,200 Connecticut 53.5°° New York 898,000 New Jersey 11450° Pennsylvania '. 614,500 Delaware I9,90" Maryland 108,600 Virginia . 208,700 North Carolina 144.200 South Carolina 59-6oo Georgia 119,200 Florida 22,400 Alabama 112,800 Mississippi 97,200 Louisiana 79 3°° Texas 618,000 Arkansas 180,500 Tennessee 329,7°° West Virginia 122,200 Kentucky 386,900 Ohio 772,700 Michigan 333 800 Indiana 688,800 Illinois 1,100,000 Wisconsin 3^4 4°° Minnesota 247,300 Iowa 77°,70o Missouri 627,300 Kansas 265,000 Nebraska 157,200 California 173,0°° Oregon 109 700 Nevada, Colorado and Territories 250 000 It will be seen from the above table that Missouri is the Ji/^/i state in the number of horses ; Ji/i/i in number of milch cows, and the leading state in number of mules, having 11,700 more than Texas, which pro- duces the next largest number. Of oxen and cattle Missouri produced in 1879, 1,632,000, which was more than any other state produced except- ing Texas, which had 4,800,000. In 1879, Missouri raised 2,8 17,600 hogs, which was more than any other state produced excepting Iowa. The number of sheep was 1,296,400. The number of hogs packed in 1879 t>y the different states is as follows : MULES. MILCH COWS, . . . 169,100 . . • 98,100 . . • 217,800 . . . 160,700 . . . 22,000 . . . 116,500 7.1,800 1,446,200 14,400 152,200 24,900 828,400 4,000 23,200 11,300 100,500 30,600 236,200 74000 232,300 51,500 »3i,300 97,200 273,100 11,900 70,000 111,700 215,200 100 000 1 88 000 80,700 110,900 180,200 544.500 89. 300 187,700 99700 245,700 2,400 130,500 117,800 237,200 26,700 714,100 4300 416,900 61,200 439,200 138 000 702,40c 8,700 477,30° 7,000 278,900 43,40° 676,200 191,900 516,200 50,000 321,900 13,600 127,600 25,700 459,600 3.5°° 112,400 25,700 423,600 STATES. NO. Ohio 932,878 Indiana 622,321 Illinois 3,214,896 Iowa 569,763 STATKS. NO. Missouri 965,839 Wisconsin 472,108 Kentucky 212,412 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 63 Average weight per head for each state : STATES. POUNDS. STATES. POUNDS. Ohio 210.47 Missouri , 213 32 Indiana 193 So Wisconsin 220 81 Illinois 225.71 Kentucky 210 11 Iowa 211.98 From the above, it will be seen that Missouri annually packs more hogs than any other state, except Illinois, and that she ranks third in the average weight. We see no reason why Missouri should not be the foremost stock- raising state in the Union. In addition to the enormous yield of oorn and oats upon which the stock is largely dependent, the climate is well adapted to their growth and health. Water is not only inexhaustible, but everywhere convenient. The ranges for stock are boundless, afford- ing for nine months of the year excellent pasturage of nutritious wild grasses, which grow in great luxuriance upon her thousand prairies. Cotton is grown successfully in many counties of the southeastern portions of the state, especially in Stoddard, Scott, Pemiscott, Butler, New Madrid, Lawrence and Mississippi. Sweet potatoes are produced in abundance and are not only sure but profitable. Broom corn, sorghum, castor beans, white beane, peas and hops, thrive well, and all kinds of garden vegetables are produced in great abundance and are found in the markets during all seasons of the year. Fruits of every variety, including the apple, pear, peach, cherries, apricots and nectarines are cultivated with great success, as are also the straw- berry, gooseberry, currant, raspberry and blackberry. The grape has not been produced with that success that was at first anticipated, yet the yield of wine for the year 1879, "^^'^s nearly half a million gallons. Grapes do well in Kansas, and we see no reason why they should not be as surely and profitably grown in a similar climate and soil in Missouri, and particularly in many of the counties north and east of the Missouri River. RAILROADS. Twenty-nine years ago the neigh of the "iron horse" was heard for the first time within the broad domain of Missouri. His coming pre- saged the dawn of a brighter and grander era in the history of the state. Her fertile prairies and more prolific valleys would soon be of easy access to the oncoming tide of immigration, and the ores and minerals of her hills and mountains would be developed and utilized in her manufactur- ing and industrial enterprises. Additional facilities would be opened to the marts of trade and commerce ; transportation from the interior of the state would be secured; 64 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. a fresh impetus would be given to the growth of her towns and cities, and new hopes and inspirations would be imparted to all her people. Since 1852, the initial period of railroad building in Missouri, between four and five thousand miles of track have been laid ; additional roads are liow being constructed and many others in contemplation. The state is already supplied with railroads which thread her surface in all directions, bringing her remotest districts into close connection with St. Louis, that great center of western railroads and inland commerce. These roads have a capital stock aggregating more than one hundred millions of dollars, and a funded debt of about the same amount. The lines of railroads which are operated in this state are the fol- lowing : Missouri Pacific, chartered May 10, 1850 ; the St. Louis, Iron Mount- ain & Southern Railroad, which is a consolidation of the Arkansas Branch ; the Cairo, Arkansas & Texas Railroad ; the Cairo & Fulton Railroad ; the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern Railway ; the St. Louis & San Francisco Railway ; the Chicago, Alton & St. Louis Rail- road ; the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad ; the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad ; the Illinois, Missouri & Texas Railroad ; the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs Railroad ; the Keokuk & Kansas City Railway Company ; the St. Louis, Salem & Little Rock Railroad Com- pany ; the Missouri & Western ; the St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern ; the St. Louis, Hannibal & Keokuk Railroad ; the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway ; the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad ; the Chi- cago, Rock Island Pacific Railway ; the Burlington & Southwestern Railroad ; the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad and the St. Joseph & DesMoines. MANUFACTURES. The natural resources of Missouri especially fit her for a great man- ufacturing state. She is rich in soil ; rich in all the elements which sup- ply the furnace, the machine shop and the planing mill ; rich in the multitude and variety of her gigantic forests ; rich in her marble, stone and granite quarries ; rich in her mines of iron, coal, lead and zinc; rich in strong arms and willing hands to apply the force ; rich in water power and river navigation ; and rich in her numerous and well built railroads, whose numberless engines thunder along their multiplied trackways. Missouri contains over fourteen thousand manufacturing establish- ments, 1,965 of which are using steam and give employment to 80,000 hands. The capital employed is about $100,000,000, the material annu- ally used and worked up amounts to over $150,000,000, and the value of the products put upon the markets $250,000,000, while the wages paid are more than $40,000,000. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 6$ The leading manufacturing counties of the state are St. Louis, Jack- son, Buchanan, St. Charles, Marion, Franklin, Green, Lafayette, Platte, Cape Girardeau and Boone. Three-fourths, however, of the manufactur- ing is done in St. Louis, which is now about the second manufacturing city in the Union. Flouring mills produce annually about $38,194,000; carpentering, $18,763,000; meatpacking, $16,769,000; tobacco, $12,496,- 000; iron and castings, $12,000,000; liquors, $11,245,000; clothing, $10,022,000; lumber, $8,652,000; bagging and bags, $6,914,000, and many other smaller industries in proportion. GREAT BRIDGE AT ST. LOUIS. Of the many public improvements which do honor to the state and reflect great credit upon the genius of their projectors, we have space only to mention the great bridge at St. Louis. This truly wonderful structure is built of tubular steel, the total length of which, with its approaches, is 6,277 feet, at a cost of nearly $8,000,000. The. bridge spans the Mississippi from the Illinois to the Missouri shore, and has separate railroad tracks, roadways and foot paths. In durability, architectural beauty and practical utility, there is, perhaps, no similar piece of workmanship that approximates it. The structure of Darius upon the Bosphorus ; of Xerxes upon the Hellespont ; of Caesar upon the Rhine, and Trajan upon the Danube, famous in ancient history, were built for military purposes, that over them might pass invading armies with their munitions of war, to destroy commerce, to lay in waste the provinces, and to slaughter the people. But the erection of this was for a higher and nobler purpose. Over it are coming the trade and merchandise of the opulent East, and thence are passing the untold riches of the West. Over it are crowding legions of men, armed not with the weapons of war, but the implements of peace and industry ; men who are skilled in all the arts of agriculture, of man- ufacture and of mining ; men who will hasten the day when St. Louis shall rank in population and importance second to no city on the conti- nent, and when Missouri shall proudly fill the measure of greatness to which she is naturally so justly entitled. 66 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. CHAPTER XI. EDUCATION. PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM-PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM OF MISSOURI-LINCOLN INSTITUTE— OFFICERS OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM— CERTIFICATES OF TEACHERS-UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI— SCHOOLS — COLLEGES — INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING- LOCATION— LIBRARIES— NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS-NUMBER OF SCHOOL CHILDREN- AMOUNT EXPENDED— VALUE OF GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS—" THE PRESS." The first constitution of Missouri provided that "one school or more shall be established in each township, as soon as practicable and neces- sary, where the poor shall be taught gratis." It will be seen that even at that early day (1820) the framers of the constitution made provision for at least a primary education for the poorest and the humblest, taking it for granted that those who were able would avail themselves of educational advantages which v/ere not gratuitous. The establishment of the public school system in its essential feat- ures was not periected until 1839, during the administration of Governor Boggs, and since that period the system has slowly grown into favor, not only in Missouri, but throughout the United States. The idea of a free or public school for all classes was not at first a popular one, espe- cially among those who had the means to patronize private institutions of learning. In upholdi-ng and maintaining public schools, the oppo- nents of the system felt that they were not only compromising their own standing among their more wealthy neighbors, but that they were to some extent bringing opprobrium upon their children. Entertaining such prejudices they naturally thought that the training received in public schools could not be otherwise than defective, hence many years of probation passed before the popular mind was prepared to appreciate the benefits and blessings which spring from these institutions. Every year only adds to their popularity, and commends them the more earnestly to the fostering care of our state and national legislatures, and to the esteem and favor of all classes of our people. We can hardly conceive of two grander and more potent promoters of civilization than the free school and the free press. They would indeed seem to constitute all that was necessary to the attainment of the happiness and intellectual growth of the republic, and all that was necessary to broaden, to liberalize and to instruct. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 67 "'Tis education forms the common mind ; For noble youth there is nothing so meet As learning is, to know the good from ill ; To know the tongues, and perfectly indite, And of the laws to have a perfect skill, Things to reform as right and justice will, For honor is ordained for no cause But to see right maintained by the laws." All the States of the Union have in practical operation the public school system, governed in the main by similar laws, and not differing materially in the manner and methods by which they are taught, but none have a wiser, a more liberal and comprehensive machinery of instruction than Missouri. Her school laws since 1839, have undergone many changes, and always for the better, keeping pace with the most enlightened and advanced theories of the most experienced educators of the land. But not until 1875, when the new constitution was adopted, did the present admirable system of public instruction go into effect. Provisions were made not only for white, but for children of African descent, and are a part of the organic law, not subject to the caprices of unfriendly legislatures, or the whims of political parties. The Lincoln Institute, located at Jefferson City, for the education of colored teachers, receives an annual appropriation from the General Assembly. For the support of the public schools, in addition to the annual income derived from the public school fund, which is set apart by law, not less than twenty-five per cent, of the state revenue, exclusive of the interest and sinking fund, is annually applied to this purpose. The officers having in charge the public school interests are the State Board of Education, the State Superintendent, County Superin- tendent, County Clerk and Treasarer, Board of Directors, City and Town School Board and teacher. The State Board of Education is com- posed of the State Superintendent, the Governor, Secretary of State and the Attorney General, the executive officer of this board being the State Superintendent, who is chosen by the people every four years. His duties are numerous. He renders decisions concerning the local application of school law; keeps a record of all the school funds, and annually dis- tributes the same to the counties ; supervises the work of county school officers ; delivers lectures ; visits schools ; distributes educational inform- ation ; grants certificates of higher qualifications, and makes an annual report to the General Assembly of the condition of the schools. The County Superintendents are also elected by the people for two years. Their work is to examine teachers, to distribute blanks and make reports. County clerks receive estimates from the local directors and extend them upon the tax books. In addition to this they keep the general records of the county and township school funds, and return an 68 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. annual report of the financial condition of the schools of their county to the State Superintendent. School taxes are gathered with other taxes by the county collector. The custodian of the school funds belonging to the schools of the counties is the county treasurer, except in counties adopting the township organization, in which case the township trustee discharges these duties. Districts organized under the special law for cities and towns are governed by a board of six directors, two of whom are selected annually on the second Saturday in September, and hold their office for three years. One director is elected to serve for three years in each school dis- trict at the annual meeting. These directors may levy a tax not exceed- ing forty per cent, on the one hundred dollars valuation, provided such annual rates for school purposes may be increased in districts formed of cities and towns, to an amount not to exceed one dollar on the hundred dollars valuation ; and in other districts to an amount not to exceed sixty-five cents on the one hundred dollars valuation, on the condition that a majority of the voters who are tax payers, voting at an election held to decide the question, vote for said increase. For the purpose of erecting public buildings in school districts, the rates of taxation thus limited, may be increased when the rate of such increase and the pur- pose for which it is intended shall have been submitted to a vote of the people, and two-thirds of the qualified voters of such school district vot- ing at such election shall vote therefor. Local directors may direct the management of the school in respect to the choice of teachers and other details, but in the discharge of all important business, such as the erection of a school house or the exten- sion of a term of school beyond the constitutional period, they simply execute the will of the people. The clerk of this board may be a director. He keeps a record of the names of all the children and youth in the dis- trict between the ages of five and twenty-one ; records all business pro- ceedings of the district, and reports to the annual meeting, to the County Clerk and County Superintendents. Teachers must hold a certificate from the State Superintendent or County Commissioner of the county where they teach. State certificates are granted upon personal written examinations in the common branches, together with the natural sciences and higher mathematics. The holder of such certificate may teach in any of the public schools of the state without further examination. Certificates granted by County Commis- siorers are of two classes, with two grades in each class. Those issued for a longer term than one year belong to the first class, and are suscep- tible of two grades, differing both as to length of time and attainments. Those issued for one year may represent two grades, marked by qualifi- cation alone. The township school fund arises Irom a grant of land by HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 69 the general government, consisting of section sixteen in each Congress- ional township. The annual income of the township fund is appropriated to the-,- 'ious townships, according to their respective proprietary claims. The support from the permanent funds is supplemented by direct taxa- tion laid upon the taxable property of each district. The greatest limit of taxation for the current expenses is one per cent.; the tax permitted for school house building cannot exceed the same amount. Among the institutions of learning, and ranking, perhaps, the first In importance, is the State University, located at Columbia, Boone County. When the state was admitted into the Union, Congress granted to it one entire township of land (46,080 acres) for the support of a "Seminary of Learning." The lands secured for this purpose are among the best and most valuable in the state. These lands were put upon the market in 1832, and brought $75,000, which amount was invested in the stock of the old Bank of the State of Missouri, where it remained and increased by accumulation to the sum of $100,000. In 1839, by an act of the General Assmbly, five commissioners were appointed to select a site for the State University, the site to contain at least fifty acres of land in a compact form, within two miles of the county seat of Cole, Cooper, Howard, Boone, Callaway or Saline. Bids were let among the counties named, and the county of Boone having subscribed the sum of $117,921, some $18,000 more than any other county, the State University was located in that county, and on the 4th of July, 1840, the corner stone was laid with imposing ceremonies. The present annual income of the university is nearly $^|5jOOO. There are still unsold about 200,000 acres of land from the grant of 1862. The donations to the institutions connected therewith amount to nearly $400,000. This university, with its different departments, is opened to both male and female, and both sexes enjoy alike its rights and privileges. Among the professional schools, which form a part of :he university, are the Normal, or College of Instruction in Teaching ; the Agricultural and Mechanical College ; the School of Mines and Met- allurgy ; the College of Law ; the Medical College, and Department of Analytical and Applied Chemistry. Other departments are contem- plated and will be added as necessity requires. The following will show the names and locations of the s^' ^ols and institutions of the state as reoorted by the Commissioner of -education in 1865 : UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. Christian University Canton. St. Vincent's College Cape Girardeau. University of Missouri Columbia Central College Fayette. 70 HISTORY CF MISSOURI. Westminster College Fulton. Lewis College Glasgow. Pritchett School Institute Glasgow. Lincoln College Greenwood Hannibal College Hannibal Woodland College Independence. Thayer College Kidder. Lagrange College LaGrange. William Jewell College Liberty. Baptist College Louisiana. St. Joseph College St. Joseph. College of Christian Brothers St. Louis. St. Louis University St. Louis. Washington University St. Louis. Drury College Springfield. Central Wesleyan College Warrenton. FOR SUPERIOR INSTRUCTION OF WOMEN. Young Ladies' Institute St. Joseph. Christian College Columbia. Stephens' College Columbia. Howard College Fayette. Independence Female College Independence. Central Female College Lexington, Clay Seminary Liberty. Ingleside Female College Palmyra. Linden Wood College for Young Ladies St. Charles. Mary Institute (Washington University) St. Louis. St. Louis Seminary St. Louis. Ursuline Academy St. Louis. Convent of the Sacred Heart St. Joseph. FOR SECONDARY INSTRUCTION. Arcadia College Arcadia. St. Vincent's Academy Cape Girardeau. Chillicothe Academy Chillicothe. Grand River College Edinburgh. Marionville College Institute Marionville. Palmyra Seminary Palmyra. St. Paul's College Palmyra. Van Rensselaer Academy Rensselaer. Shelby High School Shelbyville. Stewartsville Male and Female Seminary Stewartsville. SCHOOLS OF SCIENCE. Mo. Agricultural and Mechanical College (University of Mo.) .Columbia. Schools of Mines and Metallurgy (University of Missouri) Rolla. Polytechnic Institute (Washington University) St. Louis. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 7I SCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY. St. Vincent's College (Theological Department) Cape Girardeau. Westminster College (Theological School) Fulton. Vardeman School of Theology (William Jewell College) Liberty. Concordia College St. Louis. SCHOOLS OF LAW. Law School of the University of Missouri Columbia. Law School of the Washington University St. Louis. SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE. Medical College, University of Missouri Columbia. Kansas City College of Physicians and Surgeons Kansas City. St. Joseph Medical College St. Joseph. Missouri Medical College St. Louis, Northwestern Medical College St. Joseph. St. Louis Medical College St. Louis. Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri St. Louis. Mo. School of Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children . St. Louis. Missouri Central College St. Louis. St. Louis College of Pharmacy St. Louis. LARGEST PUBLIC LIBRARIES. NAME. LOCATION. VOLUMES. St. Vincent's College Cape Girardeau. . . . 5'500 Southeast Missouri State Normal Scool Cape Girardeau. . . . 1,225 University of Missouri Columbia 10,000 Athenian Society Columbia i ,200 Union Literary Society Columbia , -. i ,200 Law College Columbia i ,000 Westminster College Fulton 5,000 Lewis College Glasgow 3,000 Mercantile Library Hannibal 2,219 Library Association Independence 1,100 Fruitland Normal Institute Jackson 1,000 State Library Jefferson City 13,000 Fetterman's Circulating Library Kansas City 1,300 Law Library Kansas City 3,000 Whittemore's Circulating Library .Kansas City 1,000 North Missouri State Normal School Kirksville 1,050 William Jewell College Liberty 4,000 St. Paul's College Palmyra 2,000 Missouri Schools of Mines and Metallurgy .... Rolla 2,478 St. Charles Catholic Library St. Charles 1,716 Carl Fuelling's Library St. Joseph 6,000 Law Library St. Joseph . . : 2,000 Public School Library St. Joseph 2,500 ^2 HISTORY OF MlSSUUKl. Woolworth & Colt's Circulating Library St. Joseph 4,000 Academy of Science St. Louis 2,744 Academy of Visitation St. Louis 4,000 College of the Christian Brothers St. Louis 22,000 Deutsche Institute St. Louis i ,000 German Evang. Lutheran, Concordia College . St. Louis 4,800 Law Library Association St. Louis 8,000 Missouri Medical College St. Louis 1,000 Mrs. Cuthbert's Seminary (Young Ladies) .... St. Louis i ,500 Odd Fellows' Library St. Louis 4,000 Public School Library St. Louis 40.097 St. Louis Medical College St. Louis 1,100 St. Louis Mercantile Library St. Louis 45,000 St. Louis Seminary St. Louis 2,000 St. Louis Turn Verein , St. Louis 2,000 St. Louis University St. Louis 17,000 St. Louis University Libraries St. Louis 8,000 Ursuline Academy St. Louis 2,000 Washington University St. Louis 4,500 St. Louis Law School St. Louis 3,000 Young Men's Sodality St. Louis 1.327 Library Association Sedalia 1,500 Public School Library Sedalia i ,01 5 Drury College Springfield 2,000 IN 1880. Newspapers and periodicals 481 CHARITIES. State Asylum for Deaf and Dumb Fulton. St. Bridget's Institution for Deaf and Dumb St. Louis. Institurion for the Education of the Blind St. Louis. State Asylum for Insane Fulton. State Asylum for Insane St. Joseph. NORMAL SCHOOLS. Normal Institute Bolivar. Southeast Missouri State Normal School Cape Girardeau. Normal School (University of Missouri) Columbia. Fruitland Normal Institute Jackson. Lincoln Institute (for colored) Jefferson City. City Normal School St. Louis. Missouri State Normal School Warrensburg. State Normal School Oregon. IN 1 87 8. Estimated value of school p:opcrty $1,321,399 Total receipts for public schools 4,207,617 Total expenditures 2,406,139 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 73 NUMBER OF TEACHERS. Male teachers, 6,239 ; average monthly pay $36.36 Female teachers, 5,060 ; average monthly pay 21 .09 NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS. The fact that Missouri supports and maintains four hundred and seventy-one newspapers and periodicals shows that her inhabitants are not only a reading and reflecting people, but that they appreciate "The Press," and its wonderful influence as an educator. The poet has well said : But mightiest of the mighty means. On which the arm of progress leans, Man's noblest mission to advance, His woes assuage, his weal enhance. His rights enforce, his wrongs redress— Mightiest of mighty is the Press. CHAPTER XII. RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS. BAPTIST CHURCH— ITS HISTORY-CONGREGATIONAL-WHEN FOUNDED-ITS HISTORY- CHRISTIAN CHURCH— ITS HISTORY-CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH— ITS HISTORY — METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH — ITS HISTORY —PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH— ITS HISTORY— PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH— ITS HISTORY— UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH — ITS HISTORY-UNITARIAN CHURCH-ITS HISTORY- ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH— ITS HISTORY. The first representatives of religious thought and training who pene- trated the Missouri and Mississippi Valleys were Pere Marquette, La Salle and others of Catholic persuasion, who performed missionary labor among the Indians. A century afterward came the Protestants. At that early period ••A thurch in every grove that spread Its living roof above their heads," constituted for a time, their only house of worship, and yet to them *' No temple built with hands could vie In glory with its majesty." In the course of time the seeds of Protestantism were scattered along the shores of the two great rivers which form the eastern and western boundaries ot the state, and still a little later they were sown upon hef hillsides and broad prairies, where they have since bloomed and bios* somed as the rose. 74 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. BAPTIST CHURCH. The earliest anti-Catholic religious denomination of which there is any record, was organized in Cape Girardeau County in 1806, through the efforts of Rev. David Green, a Baptist, and a native of Virginia. In 18 16, the first association of Missouri Baptists was formed, which was composed of seven churches, all of which were located in the southeast- ern part of the state. In 18 17, a second association of churches was formed, called the Missouri Association, the name being afterwards changed to St. Louis Association. In 1834, a general convention of all the churches ol this denomination was held in Howard County, for the purpose of effecting a central organization, at which time was commenced what is now known as the " General Association of Missouri Baptists." To this body is committed the state mission work, denominational education, foreign missions and the circulation of religious literature. The Baptist Church has under its control a number of schools and col- leges, the most important of which is William Jewell College, located at Liberty, Clay County. As shown by the annual report for 1875, there were in Missouri at that date, sixty-one associations, one thousand four hundred churches, eight hundred and twenty-four ministers and eighty- nine thousand six hundred and fifty church members. CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. The Congregationalists inaugurated their missionary labors in the state in 18 14. Rev. Samuel J. Mills, of Torringford, Connecticut, and Rev. Daniel Smith, of Bennington, Vermont, were sent west by the Mas- sachusetts Congregational Home Missionary Society during that year and in November, 18 14, they preached the first regular Protestant ser- mons in St. Louis. Rev. Salmon Giddings, sent out under the auspices of the Connecticut Congre'gational Missionary Society, organized the first Protestant Church in the city, consisting of ten members, consti- tuted Presbyterian. The churches organized by Mr. Giddings were all Presbyterian in their order. No exclusively Congregational Church was founded until 1852, when the First Trinitarian Congregational Church of St. Louis was organized. The next church of this denomination was organized at Hannibal in 1859. Then followed a Welsh church, in New Cambria, in 1864, and after the close of the war fifteen churches of the same order were formed in different parts of the state. In 1866, Pilgrim Church, St. Louis, was organized. The General Conference of Churches of Missouri was formed in 1865, which was changed in 1868, to General Association. In 1866, Hannibal, Kidder and St. Louis District Associations were formed, and following these were the Kansas City and Springfield District Associa- HISTORY OF MISSOURI. 75 tions. This denomination in 1875 had 70 churches, 41 ministers, 3,363 church members, and had also several schools and colleges and one monthly newspaper. CHRISTIAN CHURCH. The earliest churches of this denomination were organized in Cal- laway, Boone and Howard Counties, some time previous to 1829. The first church was formed in St. Louis in 1836, by Elder R. B. Fife. The first state Sunday School convention of the Christian Church was held in Mexico, in 1876. Besides a number of private institutions this denomination has three state institutions, all of which have an able corps of professors, and have a good attendance of pupils. It has one religious paper, published in St. Louis, The Christian, which is a weekly publica- tion and well patronized. The membership of this church now numbers nearly one hundred thousand in the state and is increasing rapidly. It has more than five hundred organized churches, the greater portion of which are north of the Missouri River. CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. In the spring of 1820, the first Presbytery of this denomination west of the Mississippi, was organized in Pike County. This Presbytery included all the territory of Missouri, Western Illinois and Arkansas, and numbered only four ministers, two of whom resided at the time in Missouri. There are now in the state twelve Presbyteries, three Synods, nearly three hundred ministers and over twenty thousand members. The Board of Missions is located at St. Louis. They have a number of High Schools and two monthly papers published at St. Louis METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH; In 1806, Rev. John Travis, a young Methodist minister, was sent out to the Western Conference, which then embraced the Mississippi Valley, from Green County, Tennessee. During that year Mr, Travis organized a number of small churches. At the close of his conference year he reported the result of his labors to the Western Conference, which was held at Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1807, and showed an aggregate of one hun- dred and six members and two circuits, one called Missouri and the other Meramec. In 1808, two circuits had been formed, and at each suc- ceeding year the number of circuits and members constantly increased, until 18 12, when what was called the Western Conference was divided into the Ohio and Tennessee Conferences, Missouri falling into the Ten- nessee Conference. In 18 16, there was another division when the Mis- souri Annual Conference was formed. In 18 10, there were four traveling 76 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. preachers, and in 1820, fifteen traveling preachers, with over two thousand members. In 1836, the territory of the Missouri Conference was again divided when the Missouri Conference included only the state. In 1840, there were seventy-two traveling preachers, 177 local ministers and 13,992 church members. Between 1840 and 1850, the church was divided by the organization of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In 1850, the membership of the Methodist Episcopal Church was over 25,000, and during the succeeding ten years the church prospered rapidly. In 1875, the Methodist Episcopal Church reported 274 church edifices and 34,156 members ; the Methodist Episcopal Church South reported 443 church edifices and 49,588 members. This denomination has under its control several schools and colleges and two weekly newspapers. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The Presbyterian church dates the beginning of their missionary efforts in the state as far back as 18 14, but the first Presbyterian Church was not organized until 1816, at Bellevue settlement, eight miles from St. Louis. The next churches were formed in 1816 and 1817, at Bon- homme, Pike County. The first Presbyterian Church was organized in St. Louis in 18 17, by Rev. Sa.mon Gidding. The first Presbytery was organized in 18 17, by the Synod of Tennessee, with four ministers and four churches. The first Presbyterian house of worship (which was the first Protestant) was commenced in 1819, and completed in 1826. In 1820, a mission was formed among the Osage Indians. In 1831, the Presbytery was divided into three: Missouri, St. Louis and St. Charles. These were erected with a synod, comprising eighteen ministers and twenty-three churches. The church was divided in 1838, throughout the United States. In i860, the rolls of the Old and New School Synods together showed 109 ministers and 146 churches. In 1866, the Old School Synod was divided on political questions springing out of the war — a part forming the Old School or Independent Synod of Missouri, who are connected with the General Assembly South. In 1870, the Old and New School Presbyte- rians united, since which time this Synod has steadily increased until it now numbers more than 12,000 members, with more than 220 churches and 150 ministers. This Synod is composed of six Presbyteries, and has under its con- trol one or two institutions of learning and one or two newspapers. That part of the original Synod which withdrew from the General Assembly remained an independent body until 1874, when it united with the Southern Presbyterian Church. The Synod in 1875, numbered 80 ministers, 140 churches and 9,000 members. It has under its control everal male and female institutions of a high order. The St. Louis Vesbyterian, a weekly paper, is the recognized organ of the Synod. HISTORY OF MISSOURI. "JJ PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The missionary enterprises of this church began in the state in 1818, when a parish was organized in the city of St. Louis. In 1828, an agent of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society visited the city, who reported the condition of things so favorably that Rev. Thomas Horrell was sent out as a missionary, and in 1825, he began his labors in St. Louis. A church edifice was completed in 1830. In 1S36, there were five clergymen of this denomination in Missouri, who had organized congregations in Boonville, Fayette, St. Charles, Hannibal and other places. In 1840, the clergy and laity met in convention, a diocese was formed, a constitution and canons adopted, and in 1844, a Bishop was chosen, he being the Rev. Cicero S. Hawks. Through the efforts of Bishop Kemper, Kemper College was founded near St. Louis, but was afterward given up on account of pecuniary troubles. In 1847, the Clark Mission began, and in 1849, the Orphans' Home, a charitable institution, was founded. In 1865, St. Luke's Hos- pital was established. In 1875, there were in the city of St. Louis, twelve parishes and missions and twelve clergymen. This denomination has several schools and colleges and one newspaper. UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. This denomination is made up of the members of the Associate and Associate Reformed Churches of the Northern States, which two bodies united in 1858, taking the name of United Presbyterian Church of North America. Its members were generally bitterly opposed to the institu- tion of slavery. The first congregation was organized at Warrensburg, Johnson County, in 1867. It rapidly increased in numbers and had, in 1875, ten ministers and five hundred members. « UNITARIAN CHURCH. This church was formed in 1834, by Rev. W. G. Eliot, in St. Louis^, The churches are few in number throughout the state, the membership being probably less than three hundred, all told. It has a mission house and free school, for poor children, supported by donations. ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. The earliest written record of the Catholic Church in Missouri shows that Father Watrin performed ministerial services in St. Genevieve in 1760, and in St. Louis in 1766. In 1770, Father Meurin erected a small log church in St. Louis. In 18 18, there were in the state four chapels, and for Upper Louisiana, seven priests. A college and seminary were 78 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. Opened in Perry County about this period for the education of the young, being the first college west of the Mississippi River. In 1824, a college was opened in St. Louis, which is now known as the St. Louis Univer- sity. In 1826, Father Rosatti was appointed Bishop of St. Louis, and, through his instrumentality, the Sisters of Charity, Sisters of St. Joseph and of the Visitation were founded, besides other benevolent and char- itable institutions. In 1834, he completed the present Cathedral Church. Churches were built in different portions of the state. In 1847, St. Louis was created an arch-diocese, with Bishop Kendrick, arch-bishop. In Kansas City there are five parish churches, a hospital, a convent and several parish schools. In 1868, the northwestern portion of the state was erected into a separate diocese, with its seat at St. Joseph, and Right Reverend John J. Hogan appointed bishop. There were, in 1875, in the city of St. Louis, 34 churches, 27 schools, 5 hospitals, 3 colleges, 7 orphan asylums and 3 female protectorates. There were also 105 priests, 7 male and 13 female orders, and 20 conferences of St. Vincent de Paul, numbering 1,100 members. In the diocese, outside of St. Louis, there is a college, a male protectorate, 9 convents, about 120 priests, 150 churches and 30 stations. In the diocese of St. Joseph there were, in 1875, 21 priests, 29 churches, 24 stations, l college, i monastery, 5 con- vents and 14 parish schools. THEOLOGICAL SCHOOLS. Instruction preparatory to ministerial work is given in connection with collegiate study, or in special theological courses, at : Central College (M. E. Church) Fayette. Central Wesleyan College (M. E. Church) Warrenton. Christian University (Christian) Canton. Concordia College Seminary (Evangelical Lutheran) St. Louis. Lewis College (M. E. Church) .^ Glasgow. St. Vincent's College (Roman Catholic) Cape Girardeau. Vardeman School of Theology (Baptist) Liberty. The last is connected with William Jewell College. History of Henry County, '5^.0 §» { <— CHAPTER 1. THE VALLEYS OF THE OSAGE AND GRAND RIVERS. GEOLOGICAL FORMATION— TWO ANCIENT MISSES— HOME OF THE INDIANS— THE PIONEER —SOIL— FROM 1820 TO 1830— LILLARD— LAFAYETTE COUNTY— ITS SETTLEMENT ANI> COUNTY SITE— DAVIS AND TEBO TOWNSHIPS— JACKSON AND CLAY— THE FIRST CABIN-1331-THE FIRST PLOWING-1832-BORN THEN. " Lift we the twilight curtains of the past And turning from familiar sights and sounds, Sad and full of reverence let us cast A glance upon Tradition's shadowy ground, Led by the few pale lights, which, glimmering round That dim, strange land of Eld, seen dying fast." GEOLOGICAL FORMATION. There is, perhaps, no portion of the temperate zone showing a more desirable climate than that which is found within the limits of Missouri, or one wherein the demands of an advanced and progressive civilization are so well met. While all portions of the state have their separate local advantages, in such comparison Henry and St. Clair Counties and Southwestern Missouri hold their full share. The geology of the state shows that the carboniferous period gave to Missouri much of that magic element of which the soil is composed, and at the age of man, or the quartenary age, developed her most valuable resources. The coal of the former period, and the soil, sand, marl, peat, clay and gravel of the lat- ter formed the groundwork of the state of Missouri for the habitation of man. Much might be given from the geological history of the state that would interest the reader, but in this work would be of little practical value. 8o HISTORY OF HENRY COTNTY. When this continent rose from its waste of waters it left its rugged surface to be worn by the elements for ages before it became habitable for man; but with that we have little to do. The two leading factors in the problem of municipal growth are, location and character of first settlers. The location of Henry and St. Clair Counties was most favorable, and what is true of these two coun- ties is true of the whole state. More than half of the state is surrounded by two of the most renowned water courses of the world, and one will readily see that it possesses advantages enjoyed by no other state in the Union. These conditions, so favorable to the past and future devel- opment of the country, are beautifully illustrated by an ingenious little poem, entitled " Two Ancient Misses," written by a gentleman who has won a widespread reputation at the bar. It is here quoted, as it well illustrates this point, and is of sufficient merit to be preserved : TWO ANCIENT MISSES. I know two ancient misses Who ever onward go, From a cold and rigid northern clime, Through a land of wheat, and corn, and wine. To the southern sea, where the fig and the lime, And the golden orange grow. In graceful curves they wind about, Upon their long and lonely route, Among the beauteous hills; They never cease their onward step, Though day and night they're drippling wet. And oft with sleet and snow beset, And sometimes with the chills. The one is a romping, dark brunette. As fickle and gay as any coquette ; She glides along by the western plains, And changes her bed each time it rains : Witching as any dark-eyed houri, This romping wild brunette, Missouri. The other is placid, mild and fair. With a gentle, sylph-like, quiet air, And voice as sweet as soft guitar, She moves along the \»>es and parks, Where naiads play ^olian harps — Nor ever go by fits and starts — No fickle coquette of the city, But gentle, constant Mississippi. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 8l I love the wild and dark brunette, Beaause she is a gay coquette ; Her, too, I love of quiet air, Because she's gentle, true and fair ; Land of my birth ! the east and west Embraced by these is doubly blest — 'Tis hard to tell which I love best. The compiler of a county history has somewhat of a task to per- form, and though some of the facts which are recorded may seem at first commonplace when compared with national events, yet the narration of the peaceful events attending the conquests of industry and the work of progress as " Westward the course of the empire takes its way," While they may seem tame, uninteresting and unexciting to those who have indulged in the reading of the more exciting works of early con- quests, of battles and sieges, are still not devoid of all interest. The faithful gathering and truthful narration of facts bearing upon the early settlement of this county, and the dangers and privations passed through by the early pioneers engaged in advancing the standard of civilization is a work of no small magnitude, and as such challenges the admiration and arouses the sympathy of the reader, though it has nothing to do with feats of arms or of conquests. HOME OF THE INDIANS. Missouri in her magnificent proportions and unlimited productive wealth, her mild and salubrious climate, and that part of her municipal corporation bounded by the lines forming Henry and St. Clair Counties is what for the present has to be recorded. The present boundary of Henry County was first made the home of the paleface in the year 1830. That year the first white man gave to civilization a habitation and a name within its border. At that time it was a part of Lafayette, then called " Lillard " County, but it was still the home of the red men — a home with which they were loth to part, and which for a few years after they continued to visit as a hunting ground. God had given them the beautiful valleys of the Osage and the Grand River as their home. It was a migratory field for the restless elk; the bear roamed its wooded hills; the deer and the wild turkey made it their home; the valleys, the upland and the rich and rolling prairies were filled with smaller game; fish sported in the cool and pellucid waters of h'er rivers and creeks, and in shadowy nooks, near bubbling springs and crystal fountains the aborigines built their wigwams. It was a paradise for the hunter, and the Indians had roamed lord of all. But when the white man came the red man had been dispossessed of his 6 82 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. domain, and naught but friendly greetings passed between the whites and the Indians when this county assumed a place upon the pages of history. Then the valleys of the Osage and of Grand River, with their wealth of forest and streams, with their high and rolling prairies, their bold bluffs and nestling valleys, became the property of the pale faces, and that which had stood for centuries in its wild and rugged grandeur was, ere long, to assume a prominent place in the future of our state. THE PIONEER. The early settlers are entitled to a high and honored place in th ? pages of history. Many, many days of toil have been devoted to gath- ering the facts which shall embalm the memory of this band of civil heroes who gave to Henry County its first step in the progress of civili- zation, and who, in all the phases of life, have proven themselves not only true sons of toil, but noble men and respected citizens. If the time spent in trying to secure facts and reliable information necessary to make this history complete has been one of incessant toil to the author, it has also been no less a work of love on his part, for in the record of the past, and when the light of the coming dawn first shed its rays upon this section of our common country, and in the early reminiscence which have been secured, he has found much which brought to mind many bright and glowing incidents of early days, and of those who taught him what life was and is, and what might be in the vista of the far off future, but who have now gone to the home beyond. Memory is oft times treacherous, and a confusion of dates has not been the least of the troubles which has fallen in the pathway of the author. Reliable dates of the early settlement of the county are all- important to those who take an interest in the progress of events, and who desire, of its early days, a correct and succinct history. Many of the old settlers have removed to other states and climes ; very many have crossed the " dark river " to the impenetrable and mys- terious beyond, while those who are left are weak in body, with memory sadly at fault on many facts of deep interest ; nevertheless they have b en willing, so far as health and memory would permit, to impart all the incidents and trials of early years, and with a spirit of cheerfulness that has made it a pleasure to record them. They are to-day, as in olden times, the same self-sacrificing people. It is well that in the sor- did, grasping avariciousness which characterizes so many of the present generation, that they should have yet within them, by consanguinity, the leaven which made the grand old pioneer stand out so prominently in unselfish and heroic sacrifices as " God's noblest work." HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 83 SURFACE. The land in the county, away from the streams, is undulating prairie. Rising to the higher points of ground, the eye commands views of exqui- site loveliness, embracing the silvery course of the stream, the waving foliage of trees, the changing outlines of gentle elevations, and the undu- lating surface of flower-decked prairie, with cultivated farms, farm houses, including the log-hut of the first settler and the brick or painted houses and barns of the more advanced cultivator of the soil. Along the water courses there are hills and gentle slopes, as well as bottom lands. On Grand River the table lands are elevated in some localities from thirty to fifty feet above the water, and the country is somewhat hilly. The county has less land unfitted for cultivation than many of its neighbors, while there is not a section of country of equal extent in the state that possesses a better distributed drainage system than Henry County. 1830 — 1831. It was in the fall of 1830 that the first white settlers trod the soil of Henry County. Hunters and trappers had plied their vocations through this, Osage and Grand River country as early as 1826, but no log cabin reared its front until the fall of the year above mentioned. It was a grand country for game. Upon the banks of the wooded creek was found wild honey, and venturesome spirits passed to and fro ere the Indians had ceased to be jealous of the encroachments of the white man. The Osages and Shawnee Indians occupied all this country as far east and along the river to the headwaters of Buffalo and Gravois Creeks, and the old missionary trail, leading from Jefferson City to Harmony Mission, on the Osage River, passed through this county, which was a recognized line of travel before Henry County was organized. Upon these high, rolling and beautiful prairies, skirted by woodland, many Indian battles had been fought, and the wild war-whoop of the savages had rang out with shouts of defiance, mingled with the whiz of the arrow or the dull thud of the tomahawk in doing its murderous work. It was not to be, however, that the bounteous gifts nature had lavished upoa this vast domain, in the richness of its soil and the wealth of minerals hidden in its bosom should remain forever undeveloped. FROM 1820 TO 1830— LILLARD, OR LAFA\ ETTE COUNTY. When this part of Missouri was organized into a county it was, the greater part, a dense wilderness, and in Henry and St. Clair Counties no white man, except an occasional hunter and trapper, had ever trod its soil. The present Henry County, when first placed under municipal /" 84 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. government, was a part of Lillard County, whose boundary lines \tere, on the north the Missouri River, on the east range line between ranges 24 and 23, south to the Osage River, its southern line the Osage River; from the above range line on the east to the Kansas state line, following the middle of the channel of Osage River, and the west line the state line to the middle of the channel of the Missouri River, where the state line crosses the river. Thus Lillard County included the present coun- ties of Lafayette, Johnson, Henry, half of St. Clair, about four-fifths of Bates, and all of Cass and Jackson. It was organized as Lillard County, November 16, 1820, and its first county court was held at Mt. Vernon, on the Missouri River, about ten miles below Lexington, on the 8th day of December, 1820. The county judges were James Lillard, Sr., John Whitsitt and John Stapp. They received their commissions from Governor Alex. McNair, the first gov- ernor of Missouri. The first clerk, and he was fifteen or sixteen years in office, was Young Ewing. This was the first organization of Henry County, the first time she was reclaimed from the wilderness. Civiliza- tion and progress from that day has marked her footsteps. In 1823 the county seat of Lillard was removed from Mt. Vernon to Lexington, and that ancient, but somewhat dilapidated, town was platted the same year. The old county seat of Henry County, as it may be called, still stands on the banks of the " Big Muddy," somewhat decayed in spots, but with an eminently respectable, though somewhat seedy appearance. DAVIS AND BLACKWATER. The first municipal division of which Henry, or Rives, became a part was called Lexington Township, which boundary line was the Osage River on the south. This was in May, 1824. The first township, how- ever, to boast of a constituency, or settlers as far south as this county, was Davis Township, and it was organized in May, 1830. At the same session of the county court of Lillard, then changed to Lafayette County, was the township of Blackwater. The dividing line between these two townships was the range line between ranges 26 and 25, running south to the Osage River. Thus Davis Township took in Shawnee, Field's Creek, Clinton, Fair View and all west, while Blackwater took in the seven townships lying east of said range line. As some of the officers of these townships lived in Henry County, their boundary lines are here given. DAVIS TOWNSHIP. Beginning at the county line between Saline and Lafayette Coun- ties, section corner between 2 and 3, township 50 of range 24; thence west to the middle of range 26 in township 50; thence south to the sec- HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 85 tion corner of sections 12 and 13, township 48; thence east to the range line between 26 and 25; thence south to the southern boundary of Lafa- yette County, which is the middle of the main channel of the Osage River; thence down the middle of said river to the range line between 23 and 24; thence north to the place of beginning. Estimated there were forty-eight taxable inhabitants in said township. The voting precinct was at the house of Benj. Johnson, and the judges were all but one residents of Johnson County, both in the years 1830 and 183 1, and the judges of election in 1832. But Thomas Collins, his daughter was Sarah Collins, born August 12, 1824 (afterward became Mrs. Young), was a justice of the peace for Davis Township in 183 1 and the first in the county. Nathan Toms was appointed constable, but his residence was probably Johnson County, as he can not be found among the early settlers of Henry. Blackwater Township took in a part of Johnson and Henry Coun- ties, as well as that portion of St. Clair north of the Osage River, but its dimensions were soon reduced to the limits of Johnson County. TEBO TOWNSHIP. This is the township more clearly identified in the memory of the early pioneers of Henry County than any other. All, nearly, remember Tebo Township. There are but few who ever heard of Davis Township. This, or Tebo Township, was organized May 21, 1832, with the following metes and bounds: " Ordered, that the following shall be the line and boundaries of Tebo Township, in Lafayette County, Missouri : Beginning where the main Blackwater crosses the eastern line of this county, it being the line between ranges 23 and 24; thence up the said creek opposite to Uriel Murray's; thence due west to the line between Lafayette and Jack- son Counties; thence south with said line to the middle of Osage River; thence down the same to the line between ranges 23 and 24; thence north on said line to place of beginning; and the number of taxable inhabitants residing in said township are about 35 polls, which is ordered to be certified." Tebo, it will be seen, was something of a township. It really included all of Johnson and Henry Counties, and St. Clair north of the Osage River. In the meantime Jackson County had been divided into two townships and Cass one, the largest settlements being on Sni-E-Barre Creeks. At the same term of court, and following the township organization act, was the following order: " Upon the petition of twenty and more petitioners, it is ordered by the court, that Henry Avery be recommended to the governor of 86 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. this state as a proper person to be appointed a justice of the peace for Tebo Township, Lafayette County." ' The Rev. Henry Avery received his commission, being the first justice, his appointment dating from May 21, 1832. Following this, the judges of the first election of the township were appointed, and an election ordered. They read: "Ordered, that the election in Tebo Township be held at the house of John Brummet. " Ordered, that James Warren, Chesley Jones and Francis Nixon be appointed judges of the election in Tebo Township for two years." The two former named judges were living in Henry County and the last in Johnson. John Brummet's house was in Johnson County, about one-half mile north of the Henry County line. James McWilliams was the first constable appointed within the limits of Henry County. He lived in what is now Windsor Township. He received his appointment in November, 1832, and he handed over to the county court one dollar for a fine he had collected of Drury Palmer. Drury unfortunately had a horse who committed a trespass, and he was assessed one dollar for damages. This was probably Henry Avery's first case, as he was the only justice at that time in those " neck of woods." Anyway, here is the record of Lafayette County Court. They got the dollar: "James McWilliams, constable of Tebo Township, made report of a fine of $1.00 collected of Drury Palmer, which he paid to Young Ewing, clerk, in open court, which is ordered to be applied to county purposes." Mr. Robert L. Avery reports that Mr. Palmer cut up a twenty-five- cent deer skin to make a rope to tie that horse. At all events there is no record that he was assessed any more for trespass. It was such little items as the above, showing where the people's money was going to — supporting the aristocrats on the banks of the "Big Muddy," that convinced them that they had better organize a county of their own and keep their money for home use. JACKSON AND CLAY. There was only one election at John Brummet's house, and that was of a local or township affair. The election for president in the fall of 1832 was held at the house of Alfred Askins, on section 18, the farm being now owned by Price Askins. This was a memorable election. Jackson and Clay were the opposing candidates. Jackson received twenty-four votes and Henry Clay six votes, which would go to show that Henry County was born in the Democratic fold, and its godfather was Andrew Jackson. The late election giving a Democratic majority of nearly 1,200, also shows that the leaven of the Jackson vote of 1832, just a half century later, had born rich fruit. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 8/ Quite a number of the incidents here given were received from Mr. R. L. Avery, who gave many pleasant stories of pioneer life. The table upon which the votes of that election were counted was made by Henry Avery, cut out with a whipsaw, and the legs of good old hickory. This table is now in possession of R. L. Avery, son of Henry Avery. Drury Palmer and Henry Avery were the clerks of this election. On the way to the polls Mr. Avery lost his quill pen, and the matter was remedied by Drury Palmer's toothpick, with a stick exten- sion for a handle. Francis Parazette, Thomas Arbuckle and Chesley Jones were the judges at this election. THE FIRST CABIN. Thomas Arbuckle has been credited with putting up the first cabin within the limits of Henry County. He settled on section 5 of what is now Windsor Township, in the year and spring of 1830. John Brum- met and Benjamin Kimsey came in 1828, and they both settled within a mile of each other, and not over a half mile from the Henry County line. Thomas Kimsey, the son of Old Ben. Kimsey, as he was called, left the old man and staked a claim some two miles south, also in the spring of 1830, and some claim in the winter of 1829-30. To these two pioneers may be given the honor of being the advanced guard of civili- zatioR, who blazed the way for future generations to follow. Matthew Arbuckle and James Arbuckle came with him and settled south of Thomas. Isom Burnett also came in 1830, during the summer, and set- tled on section 5, Windsor Township. Cyrus P. Arbuckle settled on section 32, township 44, range 24. Thomas Collins was one of those who came either in 1829 or 1830. He was a justice of the peace in 183 1 of Davis Township, and lived in Big Creek. P. D. Wade came Octo- ber, 1830; and this list comprises nearly all, if not absoluteJy all, who lived in this county at that date. The records of Lafayette County were searched from 1825 to 1836, as well as the record of Henry County from the date of its organization, old settlers have been interviewed, and the above is the result. 1831. This year marked a decided advance; the county actually more than doubled its population. Thomas Anderson, the first blacksmith in the county, settled on section 2, Windsor Township; Henry Avery, on sec- tion 10, now Tebo; William Ogan settled on section i, Windsor; P. W. Sissel, on section 4, Windsor; Drury Palmer and his wife, Mary A., set- tled on section 7, Tebo — the latter still living on the old place; William Gladden and William Crowley, section 4; Mr. Mesic, section 5, Tebo, and Alfred Askin on section 18, on the banks of Tebo Creek. James 88 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. and Jesse McWilliams, and their father, David McWilliams, and Jesse Hill, settled — the McW.'s on section 9, Windsor Township, and Hill on section 16. William Simpson and Fielding A. Pinnell, county and cir- cuit clerk for seventeen years, all came in 1831 and settled in Windsor Township. So, also, did Mason Fewell, who settled on section 8; James Warren, on the same section. Then Chesley Jones located on section 12, and Valentine Bell on section 21, Tebo Township; George W. Lake in Fields Creek, and Zekiel Blevins on section 16, Shawnee, and in 1833 removed to Honey Creek. This comprises most of the settlers who made this county their home in 1831. The conveniences in those days were few and far between. Going to mills was a job that took days to perform, and even then it was accom- panied at times by serious danger. Wolves would gather around the benighted traveler, and only by keeping up a bright fire all night and around them would keep the ravenous beasts away. Then high water would stop them, and a few days would be lost waiting for the water to subside. There was very little fun in all this. The family at home might suffer, while delay thus hampered them on every side. A post office twenty to forty miles away was another luxury of the early pio- neer, and twenty-five cents was the postage rate. When you got a let- ter it was as likely to be a month or two old as one is now a day old. With the exception of a little silver in circulation, wild game, honey, beeswax, skins of all kinds, secured by the unerring skill of the hunter, was the currency of the country. Yet with this there was little credit given, cash or barter being the standard of trade. This, however, lasted but a few years. The demon of credit took possession of the people, and the merchants who taught the people this manner of doing business became in the end the greatest sufferers. Not but what many farmers succumb to the evil, but the merchant also practiced what he preached, and he too failed when the day of payment came. But in the early thirties cash and barter was the rule, credit the exception. It was not until the wild cat banks of 1835-6 and the memorable crash of the year 1837 that tell the deplorable story of the credit system. This year the Rev. Henry Avery built his cabin on section 10, and his house was the first one known to have had window glass in it. He put in two sash with four lights each. Before this magnificent residence was finished, a wagon box served as a sleeping place for the children, but it was in July, and it was not cold. There was not any first-class chimneys in those days, the first brick chimney not appearing until the year 1837. Good sticks, with a pure article of Henry County mud mixed to the required thickness, was the general rule. That old cabin, which served as the first court house in Henry County, is still standing, a monument of honest work and of the primitive style of the old pio- neer. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 89- THE FIRST PLOWING. One of the curious incidents of those days was the fact that in 1830 a plow could not be found in St. Louis, but Henry Avery went nine miles below that point to purchase one in the year 1830. He took it to Morgan County, and there broke twenty acres of prairie land, to see if that kind of land would raise corn. That plow and the wagon which brought them to Henry County was the first plow and four-wheel wagon brought to the county, and the breaking of the prairie in the spring of 1832 with that plow and four yoke of cattle was the first attempt to work that kind of land in the county. The pioneers all settled on the streams and in the timber, and would go to work and clear* patch for corn, cutting the trees and clearing the underbrush, when right before them was the land ready for the plow, with a soil of surprising richness. A few years, however, dispelled this illusion, and the prairies were sought for, not shunned, although it was not much before a decade had passed. 1832. The growth of the county in population was very gratifying for the year 1832, and it brought many persons who afterwards became promi- nent in the affairs of the county in its official life and material progress. This year brought John Nave, who settled on section 4, Clinton Town- ship. William Swife, from Kentucky, settled on section 33, what is now Fields' Creek Township, as did also his brother Isaac. Samuel Cox set- tled on section 34, Shawnee Township. George W. and Pleasant Walker,, at that time believed to be the richest men in the county, settled on sec- tion 16, Fields' Creek Township. George and his brother prospected through the country in 183 1, but located as above. They, however, took a decided fancy to old man Ezekiel Blevin's place, five miles north, also on section 16, but in Shawnee Township, the result of which was that they purchased Ezekiel's claim and improvement for $150, paying in stock and things, or paying in trade, no money being used, and they took possession of the place late in the fall of 1833. HE WAS BORN THERE. And right there, on section 16, in the old log cabin, was born the first white male child in Henry County, and the well known and honored citizen of this county to-day, iPreston Blevins, was that child. His lungs were sound, and his father says he made the old cabin ring with his music at times, and that the sharp ears of his neighbors would recognize- the family voice when young Blevins sought to reach the upper notes. But as the nearest neighbor was between three and four miles away, a little allowance can be made for the old man, who may have thought from the racket in the cabin that the neighbors could hear him five miles away. ■ CHAPTER II. WHEN THEY CAME AND FROM WHERE THEY CAME. THE PIONEERS-THE FIRST MARRIAGE- WOLVES AND CAUTION --1833 AN D .834-SPRlNG- KIELD TOWNSHIP— FIRST CLERK AND CONSTA BLE— 1835 TO 1840— SLIGHT RETRO- SPECT—TRIALS AMD IRIBULATIONS-CABINS AND COMFORT S-GOING TO MIL^- MARKET PRICES — PIONEER WOMEN-PIONEER LIFE- WAGES--THE NLST EGG OF A FARM— HFTY CENTS A DAY AND FOUND-RAlL SPLITTING FROM 1830 TO 1840. There are some who have placed the arrival of John Nave, William and Isaac Swiftes, Sears and Owens in the year 1831, but it has been impossible to ascertain this as a positive fact. They undoubtedly came^ at least Sears, Nave and Owens, in the winter of 183 1-2, or very early in the spring of the latter year. Joseph Fields settled on section lO- John F. Sharp, section 23; Peter Huntsmen, section 19, and Joel Milton ■on section 17. This was what was called the Fields' Settlement and all in Fields' Creek Township, the township being named after Mr. Joseph Fields, the first sheriff of Henry County. Jonathan T. Berry settled on section 8, Windsor Township, this year. Esau Prewitt, of Kentucky, settled on section 5, Clinton Township, and Daniel Chittwood, a son-in- law of Prewitt, settled near by the same year. All the settlers of this year and the years preceding, and it might be said the year following, still found Boonville their nearest and best trading point. Among the troubles of those early days which the traveler found generally the most annoying was high water in the streams they had to cross whenever a heavy rain was experienced. When George W. and Pleasant Walker came to Henry County they were eleven days coming from Lexington, on the Missouri River, to section 16 in Fields' Creek Township. For four days they lay on the banks of Davis Creek before they could cross at the ford, and when they reached Blackwater Creek, in Johnson County, they had to swim their cattle across. They had five teams, and felt somewhat anxious as to the result, but they crossed in safety. The first two log cabins put up with glass windows were built by Avery and Nixon, the latter a resident of Johnson County, just over the Henry County line, and this same Francis Nixon helped Henry Avery lin the early fall of 183 1, split the first ten-feet rails ever laid in the HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 9 1 county. There were then, in 1832, three settlements, known as such, in Henry County, then called Lafayette County. They were the Fields Settlement, the Avery Settlement, and the settlement in and around where Windsor now stands.. This latter was spread over a good deal of country, and represented the Arbuckles, Kimsey, Palmer, the Prices and McWilliams. Here and there were scattered many other settlers. Honey Creek and Big Creek each had a few settlers. What is now Leesville Township is said to have had one or two families within its border as early as 1832, but there is nothing reliable before 1834, although the compiler of this work wiil make another effort to ascertain its cor- rectness, and if so, it will be given in the township history of Leesville. William Hatfield and David Ross settled on section 21, Tebo Township, Barber Price, or William B. Price, who was appointed constable of Tebo Township in May, 1834, settled on section 24, Valentine Bell on section 21, John Buchanan, and Lemuel and Alfred Compton on section 15. These were all in Tebo Township. John Hail settled on section 9, Windsor Township. THE FIRST MARRIAGE. Undoubtedly the first marriage in Henry County was that of a couple whose names are unknown. They were married by 'Squire Henry Avery, on the night of the 15th of May, 1832. They came from some place away down near Springfield, and had ridden their ponies four days in search of a justice or minister who. could marry them. They had come across some friendly Indians, who directed them to 'Squire Avery's, describing him as a " heap big white man, plenty law." After four days' travel they at last reached Mr. Avery's place just after night, were mar- ried and left at once, uncommonly happy. What the 'Squire charged for the price ot such happiness was not stated. WOLVES. As has been before stated, wolves were plenty in those days, and Drury Palmer met them once on his way to the mill that he did not soon forget. He was not hurt nor did he lose anything except his sleep, but for two nights he lost all that, and as he had to keep traveling he thought it was pretty tough. With his horse loaded with corn and he leading it on foot, when night came he heard their howling all about him. He camped and gathered his big pile of brush around him and a supply inside the circle, and instead of going to sleep he had to play fireman all night and work lively at that. He pushed on in the morning in hope of getting out of their reach the next night, but he did not. He was mad enough to kill the pack, but he was too prudent to give them a taste of blood, even if it was a half dozen of their own number. At 92 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Boonville he just slept about eighteen hours to average up and prepare for another seige, but he got through his return trip without trouble. He said, on his return, that he never did want to shoot so bad in all his life, and if he had not the horse with him he would have climbed a tree and shot all night. He always did hate a wolf after that, he said, but it is rather doubtful if he had any love for them before. Several of the neighbors or settlers in Windsor and Tebo lost hogs and pigs from these animals, aud Mr. Robert Avery reports that his father lost a three-year- old steer, not a mile from their house, in the winter of 1831-2. But if the wolves troubled them occasionally the settlers generally got even, for a good many wolves succumbed to the unerring aim of their rifles, and their skins made everything even in the long run. In fact, the wolves soon found out they were getting the worst of it and concluded to leave for a, to them, healthier clime. 1833. The settlements in 1833 improved slowly. There were fewer immi- grants arrived apparently than in the preceding year. There were no colonies, but several families arrived, forming new settlements in other parts of the county. In the arrivals of 1832 should have been mentioned Abner Martin and his two sons, George W. and Baker Martin, George Bounds and Littlebery Kimsey, who all came that year and settled in Big Creek Township. To the same township came Thomas Swipe and the Haines family. The latter came in 1 83 1 , George W. Lake being appointed guar- dian of Christopher M. Haines in 1831. Robert Allen, the first elected sheriff of the county, came early in this year. William Goff, one of the first county judges, came in 1833, and at his house the first circuit court was held, and the second or August term of the county court, in the year 1835. He settled on fractional section i. Mr. John and E. Goff, and other members of the family, now live on the old place, and near by. Mr. John Goff has a very retentive memory, and gave the writer much of the early history of the county and section where he lives. They live in Deer Creek Township, on section 7. John Legg came in 1833, as did Colby S. Stevenson, who settled in Tebo Township. James Fields came the same year, and he opened a store at GofT's in the spring of 1835. William Reynolds was among the arrivals of 1833. The Parks settlement was started in 1833, being known as such from the fact that a large family of them came, nearly all from Lincoln County, Kentucky, and they all had families. Mr. John Parks, the father of William Parks, and others, settled on section 5, in township 40, range 24, or what is now Leesville Township, and his cabin was not far from the banks of Grand River. The family were scattered over the surrounding HISTORY OF HENR\ COUNTY. 93 sections, being found on sections 5, 4, 3. 35, 34. 33, 27. and the Park fam- ily still owns from a half to three-quarters of all these sections, and others of the family are yet to be found in adjoininpf lots. Peyton Parks who platted the town of Clinton, and was its first commissioner, settled on section 23, Tebo Township, and this was the home of Judge James Parks, probate judge. B. D. Parks settled in Leesville Town- ship, on section 33. 1834. When Tebo Township was made by the county court of Lafayette County in 1832 it entirely disposed of Davis Township, organized in 1830, so far as related to Johnson, Henry and St. Clair Counties. Tebo Township, as before stated, from May, 1832, included the counties of Johnson, Henry and St. Clair north of the Osage River. At the May term, 1834, John Brummet, Cyrus P. Arbuckle and Joseph Dixon were appointed judges of the August election of that year. The two last named were residents of this county, the former of Johnson. At the same session of the Lafayette County Court a new township called Springfield Township was organized. The order reads as follows: "Ordered, That the following bounds shall include a new township, to be called Springfield: "Beginning where the new base line crosses the Lafayette and Saline County line; thence west along and with said line to the range line between ranges 26 and 27; thence south to the southern line of Lafa- yette County (the Osage River); thence east with said line to Saline County line; thence north to the place of beginning" " Ordered, That Joseph Montgomery, Philip Cecil and James Ander- son be appointed judges of election in Springfield Township for two years, the election to be held at the house of James Anderson." According to this boundary all east of the range line between ranges 26 and 27 was Springfield Township, and west was Tebo. This was the division of the county when it was organized. Shawnee, Field Creek, Clinton and Fairview and the townships east all being Springfield. The election was held at Anderson's house, and Fielding A. Pinnell was the clerk of the election. He made or rather carried the returns to Lexing- ton, and received $6.20 for the job. James McWilliams got $4.00 for taking the returns from Tebo Township. It was at the August term of the Lafayette County Court, 1834, that William B. Price was appointed constable of Tebo Township. James McWilliams, then constable, and William Simpson went on his bond as sureties. The bond was for $800. This was the last act of the Lafayette County Court in reference to this county. The following winter, on December 13, 1834. this territory, now Henry County, was declared an independent munic pal division of 94 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. the State, under the name of Rives County. The organization of the county was the commencement of something more definite in regard to her future. 1835 TO 1840. It was the opening of an era which was to bring her prosperity and progress, and to place her well toward the front among the municipal divisions or counties of the state, and the year 1834 brought her quite an influx of population to meet her new position as an independent division. The Cecils settled on section 35, in Springfield Township, as now bounded. They came in the spring of 1834. James Gladden and Henry D. Lewis on section 36, Tebo Township, in 1834. Benjamin L. Dunn came in 1834. William Brickley came the same year and located on section 29, Windsor Township, John Woodward on section i, and William Perry on section 2, Windsor Township. Thomas B. Wallace and Benjamin F. Wallace came in 1835, in the fall, and opened a general store one mile north of Clinton, on section 35, Fields' Creek Township. Asaph W. Bates came a year later. James Anderson, Thomas Keeney^ and Whit MulhoUand settled in Bethlehem Township in 1836, and Maj. S. M. Peeler in 1837. John W. Jones, Bird D. Parks, Irwin Sisk, Andrew Sisk, Laban Pigg, section 32. Logan Palmer and John A. Pigg made Leesville Township their home in 1835 and 1836. M. Beedy on section i, and Wheedon Majors, on section 12, Windsor Township, came also in 1836. W. R. Taylor and John Taylor located on sections 15 and 16, same township, in 1838. Asa Hendricks, John Scroggs and Rev. Joshua Page, of the Christian Church, made the choice of Bogard Township as their homes in 1837. Howell Lewis, in 1836, settled on section 9, Deer Creek Township. G. W. Squires and Nathan Arbuckle in 1836, and D. H. Pigg and James A. Tutt in 1838, the latter in Springfield Township and the former in Tebo. Richard Wall, of North Carolina, settled in Big Creek in 1839, ^"d Mason C. Fewell on section 7, Tebo Township, from the same state, A. Potts in Walker Township, the same year, while John C. Stone located his ranch on the sparkling surface of Deepwater .before the year 1840, " The year of promised relief " A SLIGHT RETROSPECT. The first county court was held at Henry Avery's, on section 10, Tebo Township, on the 4th and 5th days of May, 1835. The next term of the county court was held at the cabin of William Goff, on fractional section i, in the northeast corner of Deer Creek Township. The first circuit court was held at William Goff's in September, 1835, and Charles H. Allen, judge, was present, on the 23d day of September. Both of the HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 95. cabins in which the county and circuit courts were held, the Avery and Goff cabins, are still standing, and the present court house is not a stand- ing monument of either beauty or enterprise in comparison with the above relics of a more primitive age. Thomas and Charles Waters opened the first store in Henry County, about 200 yards from Mr. Avery's house, in 1835. Steve Clark, so called, a wide-awake merchant of Boonville, came down, and with a Mr. Bogg started another store, and these two were the pioneers. Not long, how- ever, the first court house having been forsaken and another established at Goff, James Field opened out at the latter place, and soon after Hall & Ketcham started at the crossing or ford of Tebo Creek. This store was known as " the store down on the creek." The Wallaces coming in the fall of 1835, did not open their store until. 1836, and while in 1840 nine stores were to be found in Henry County, in January, 1842, there was but one left, solitary and alone, in the whole county, and that was at Clinton and owned by the Wallace Bros. Hard times and the credit system broke them all up. The county up to the year 1840 and later was about 350 Democratic majority, but the Whigs always managed to secure one or two of the county offices, and it is stated they held sheriffs for ten years in suc- cession. The county seat was located at Clinton in the fall of 1836, an'3 soon after became, in fact as well as in name, the seat of justice for Rives County. Calhoun had made a desperate effort to secure the much-coveted prize. A square had been donated, etc., but it availed nothing. The struggle ended with the location. TRIALS AND TRIBULATIONS, CABINS AND COMFORTS, PIONEER LIFE. The life of the settler from 1830 to 1840, which might be said to cover the period of pioneer life, in a great measure, was not a bed of roses, but seasons of privations and hardships; yet all was borne uncom- plainingly and with unflinching courage. Up to 1835 it had been a part of the territory of Lafayette County, and while a part of and under its civil jurisdiction many settlers had pre-empted and staked their claims, but the land was not surveyed until the winters of 1836-7-8 and and was not open to entry until 1839 Therefore, in the exchange of property, the pioneer could only sell his claim, and this was often done, for many were of a roving disposition or would become dissatisfied, and were ready either to go to other untried fields or return to their eastern homes. THEIR HOMES AND CLOTHING. The settlers were united together like a band of brothers. Danger and privation had drawn them to each other, and there was little need •96 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. of law or lawyers in those days. They were neighbors in every sense of the word, and a spirit of justice and right ruled them. The pioneer would erect his cabin upon his claim, and the neighbors would come for miles around to help him anu give him a fair start in the ■world. They gave him a warm welcome, the right hand of fellowship was extended anM the new settler felt at he "s at once. The latch string hung on the outside, and what the cabin held was at the command of the traveler or neighbor. Corn was their principal article of food and the wild game furnished the meat for their families. A cow was gen- erally secured, and the pioneer was then happy as well as rich. Store goods were not often seen or worn. Dressed deer skins served for men's clothing and moccasins for their feet. The pioneer's wife, without whom a pioneer's life would have been a wretched failure, done the making and spun and wove the home-made cotton for herself and daughters. Eight yards were sufficient and a dress would last a year or two. Sometimes ginghams and calico were purchased, but it was only the rich that could indulge in such costly goods in which to array their wives and daugh- ters. An extra quality and a brighter color of homespun was the gen- eral Sunday meeting dress of the women of that day, and when the men wanted to put on style they purchased an article of cloth called Ken- tucky jeans. But durability and not style was the forte of the old pio- neer, and the dress of deer skin and the coon skin cap was really the rage for solid wear. The cabin, with either a puncheon or earthen floor, and wooden chairs and a table, was regulation style. The fireplace took up nearly one end of the cabin, and the chimneys were made of sticks and the very best of Henry County mud. Now and then a cup of coffee, •sweetened with honey, the product of a lucky find in the shape of a bee tree, a juicy venison steak or a piece of turkey, and corn bread made of mashed corn pounded in a mortar or ground in a hand mill, composed the steady week day and Sunday diet of the old pioneer. From this section, and from the north and east part of the county. Muddy Mills was the leading post office for the people, and they had to travel from thirty to forty-five miles to reach there, and Boonville, some sixty to seventy-five miles distant, was their principal trading point up to 1836. At this time there were only four stores in the county — one owned by Water Bros, and one by Clark & Boggs, both in section 10, Tebo Township, established in the spring of 1835; and the others in the fall of the same year, and were owned by Hall & Ketcham and James Fields. These stores soon became quite important business houses. The people had depended up to this time on the Missouri River towns, but these stores filled what might be termed many an aching void. They could show up pretty lively for variety, but did not carry heavy stocks, for it was not necessary. They seldom invested a thousand in silks or broadcloths, but confined themselves to staple articles which met the HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 9/ demand of the early settlers. Their stocks consisted of salt, tea, tobacco, cotton, yarns, iron for horseshoes, nails, etc., powder, lead, shot, and steel points, for plows. Added to these and considered staple articles, there was kept a moderate supply of calico, ginghams, domestic cot- ton, Kentucky jeans, boots and shoes, etc., with a fair article ot corn whisky. This latter was ai o considered a staple article, and was of a kind not too weak to be insipid, or so strong as to make you fighting drunk, but of that mild, exhilarating quality that made a man feel just comfortable on taking " a good square drink." There was nothing in these lines of goods to make people extravagant. These country stores were strongly built, and the logs of which they were composed hewed flat on the inside. The goods were placed in the most convenient places to get at. Boxes were utilized as counters, and while there was but little display in those good old times, little, was desired. If the goods they wanted were there, it didn't make much dif- ference to the people whether they were on shelves, or even had shelves. The ladies in those days went a good deal more on sense than style, and did not go shopping to show off a "gift-edge make-up," or chat with a perfumed clerk, with an oreide watch and a plated chain. Just imag- ine Tom Wallace behind Cock & Breneison's counter, or practicing a dancing step down one of the side aisles, or in Allison's dry goods emporium with a bevy of Henry County beauties ! The Indians also did a good deal of trading. They still hunted through the country, were peaceable, drew a government annuity, and received powder and lead from the government as a part of their annual payment. Before stores had become a part of the progressive civiliza- tion of Henry County many of the old pioneers procured powder and lead of the Indians. They had become quite expert traders and would take the settlers' supply of skins and pay in many other necessaries they had received from the government. The red man would carry these skins and furs to the river towns and there sell them. It was thus that many settlers who could not go away from home, or had not a load to take sufficient to warrant such a long trip, were supplied by trading with the friendly Indians. These Indians were peaceable enough, but they needed watching, for they had no scruples whatever in appropriating to their own use any little thing that might be lying around loose. The settlers were, however, aware of this slight eccentricity of the character of their dusky neighbors or visitors, and were careful to keep articles needing only light transportation out of their way. This powder and lead business was a necessity, for upon his trusty rifle the old pioneer depended entirely for his meat and to a large extent for his clothing and that of his boys; therefore, when he could not go after his supply, he was glad to get it of the friendly Indians. 98 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. As there was no horse mill in the county until that year, it was something of a job to go to a mill. The trip was made and it generally counted two ways. Not only did he go to mill, but he managed to lay in some supplies — a little tea, perhaps, coffee, a little flour to make bis- cuits for company, a little saleratus, for baking powder was not known, an iron wedge, a chain, and last, though not least, a jug to meet the spirit of any joyful occasion that might arise or as a medicinal dose to benefit a deranged system. To effect these purchases the old pioneer loaded his ox wagon, and vvith a little honey, a few venison hams, some deer, mink and coon skins, and " sich kind of truck," started in the fall for his winter supplies. Boonville, and sometimes even Glasgow, was their point of destination. His purchases were soon made and the jug was sure to be filled. The historian, however, will mention right here that the latter article was not used for intoxicating purposes. The old pioneer was the advance guard of civilization, but he left it to a later, and by some called a more cultured era, to introduce whisky as a bever- age and to furnish to this higher type of civilization the "common drunkard." A few years later these trips paid a little something beside expenses. The merchants made their wholesale purchases at these towns, or if at St. Louis, they were shipped by river to these points before starting on land navigation, and the settler would haul these goods back at the rate of sixty to seventy-five cents per hundred pounds, thus loading both ways and paying them something for the trip. Settlers flowed in, and the year 1834 found many newcomers. Those who first staked their claims in 183 1 and 1832 felt as though they lived in a populous country. The miles which had been between cabins had become reduced, so that once in awhile neighbors would be within a mile, or even a half a mile of each other, and "raising bees" became common, and were greatly enjoyed. A new comer would cut the logs for his cabin, haul them to the ground ready to put up, and then announce a "raising bee." The neighbors came from miles around, and the way that cabin went up into a square shape, capped with weight- poles, was a "caution to slow coaches." And they sang at their work: " Our cabins are made of logs of wood, The floors are made of puncheon, The roof is held by weighted poles. And then we ' hang off' for luncheon " This would be followed by a swig from the little brown jug, kept espe- cially for the occasion, and then with a hearty shake of the hand and a " wish you well," the neighbors left the new comer to put the finishing touches to his cabin. And this was a " raising bee " of ye olden times. The early settlers of Henry County were mostly from Kentucky and Tennessee, and not a few came from North Carolina and Virginia. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 99 These old pioneers knew literally nothing of the value of the beautiful and rich, rolling prairies which lay at their feet, but one and all "took to the woods," and the first settlements of Henry County were made near or on the banks of the streams. Wood and water were a necessity, and they built their cabins near to these useful articles; still the timbered land was their choice, and the prairies were little used except for graz- ing purposes. Of course this did not last long. It began to get into the heads of the old pioneer that if grass could grow as luxuriant as it did, why not corn ? There was another impression, also, that gave the prairies a drawback, and that was, the settler, not knowing the nature of the soil, had an impression that the sod was so stiff that the prairies could not be broken. However, a trial and a corn crop on a small piece of prairie land soon opened the eyes of the settlers, and that which they thought to be a barren waste was a veritable garden of Eden, under the inspiring efforts of the plow and hoe. There were no less than three sixteenth sections which were prairies, that the settlers asked to have changed for other school lands, giving as their reasons that they were all prairie, and no account, and the county court consented to have the change made, and it was made. They wanted school lands that were of some value. But the experiment was tried, as above stated, with small patches of corn, and it was not long before the worthless and despised prairie, with its rich and productive soil, stood upon an equal footing with its timbered neighbor, and then took another start and led. The prairies are now the cultivated fields; the timbered are held for wood lands. But the clearing of the wood land or the breaking of the prai- ries were no idle pastimes. Years of toil, of hardship and privations was the lot of the early pioneer; but for the toil of the then present he expected, and did reap, in almost all cases, an abundant future. Still the old pioneer believed in labor. It was not only necessary to provide for the present and future, but it gave strength to the muscles and health to the entire system. Labor to them, therefore, was not only a necessity, but really a pleasure, for " There is not a man, from the sceptered king, To the peasant that delves the soil, That knows half the joys existence can bring That does not partake of its toil." MARKET PRICES. In one respect the early settler had a few advantages not possessed by the poor mortals of to-day, or even by those of a generation back. While they endured the privations with which they were encompassed with heroic fortitude and a patience which exalted them, these old-time heroes and heroines could eet the necessaries of life at a good deal less lOO HISTORY OF HEXRV COUNTY. cost than their favored children and grandchildren of this day: and not only that, but there was any quantity of land lying around loose at gov- ernment price, $1.25 per acre, and excellent swamp land, all but the swamp, at twenty-five cents per acre — twelve months' time and county warrants taken at par — anxious to be tickled with a hoe, that it might laugh with a harvest. The financial crash of 1837 had completely demor- alized values, property shrank to such amazing srhallness that many, people were in doubt as to whether they possessed anything except their lives and their families. The wildcat banks rapidly climbed the golden stairs, and their assets went glimmering. The necessaries of life were cheap, and those who suffered most in those days were of the class called wealthy, excepting perhaps the managers of the wildcat banks above spoken of The farmer and mechanic here in the West had little to com- plain of Their wants were few and supplies cheap; if corn was at a low figure, tea, coffee, sugar and whisky were also cheap. The business depression brought on by the financial collapse referred to continued for several years, and still hovered over the land as late as 1842. In 1839 and 1840 prices of goods still ruled very low, and the prospect of an early rise seemed far from encouraging. Cows sold from $5 to $10, and payable, perhaps, in trade at that. Horses brought for the best about $40, but could be bought from about $25 up for a fair animal. Working oxen were from $25 to $30 per yoke, and considered down to almost nothing. Hogs, dressed, sold from $1.2=; to $1.50 each, and were not mixed with trichina; either. Garnered wheat brought from 35 to 40 cents a bushel, corn, 50 cents per barrel, delivered, and a good veal calf 75 cents. You could go to the woods and cut down a bee tree, gather the honey, bring it to market and you got 25 cents a gallon for it; it was thought that' the bees were well paid for their honey. And such honey, so clear and transparent that even the bee keeper of to-day with his patent hive and Italian swarms would have had a look of envy covering his face on beholding it. The wild deer came forward and gave up his hams at 25 cents each, and the set- tler generally clinched the bargain by taking the skin also, and when not cut up into strings or used for patches brought another quarter, cash or trade as demanded. It was a habit in those days for farmers to help each other, and their sons to work in the harvest field or help do the logging to prepare for the seeding of new land. This was a source of wealth to the sons of the early settlers and to those farmers who were unable to purchase a home. They received from 25 to 50 cents per day and their board. That was wealth, the foundation of their future pros- perity. It was the first egg laid to hatch them a farm and it was guarded with scrupulous care. Economy was often whittled down to a verj- fine point before they could be induced to touch that nest egg, the incipient acre of the first farm. Then, again, a da\-'s work meant something HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 10 1 besides getting on the shady side of a tree and two hours for nooning. It meant labor in all its length and breadth and thickness from holding a breaking plow behind three yoke of oxen to mauling rails. Right here it may be mentioned that rails were made at from 25 to 40 cents per hundred. Just think of splitting rails at 25 cents per hundred ! It is enough to take the breath away from every effeminate counter jumper in the state. This covers a good deal of what the old pioneer had or received for labor and farm produce. SLIGHTLY PROGRESSIVE. The citizens soon began to take an interest in home affairs, and going to Boonville or other distant places to have their corn ground, or to put it in a hole burned into a log and pound it, was rather slow work. Consequently, when Richard Wade erected the first horse mill in the county, which he did in 1835, he could not complain of a want of patron- age. The mill was situated on section 7, in township 43, of range 25, now called Tebo, and about three miles west of the Avery settlement, and there would be, perhaps, a dozen farmers there at a time waiting to take their turn, and many times, for the purpose of expediting the grind- ing, would hitch their own animal on the mill and give the owner's ani- mal a rest. Nearly at the same time, at all events in the same year, William Collins put up another horse mill on the southeast quarter of section 22, township 42, of range 24. This mill received all the custom from the southern and southeastern parts of the county, and some came over from Benton County, being nearer to many of the western and southern set- tlers. When the crowd got so great as to compel many of them to spend a day and a night before their turn would come, fun would flow in great rivulets. The rifle was the daily companion of the farmer, no matter whether he went out to cut wood, to go to mill, or go to the store. So if a delay occurred at the mill, there would be a shooting match at once; then, perhaps, after night a game of poker by a log fire, and, if time permitted, a short hunt was taken, and the farmer often returned from mill with a few turkeys hung from his saddle-bow, or the carcass of a deer swung across the back of his horse, thus bringing both bread and meat for his family on the same trip. There was a grist mill put up on Honey Creek in 1838, and was owned by John Dixon. It was located on that stream, on section 10, in Honey Creek Township. This was said to be the first water mill in the county, but Kimsey's mill was erected before. Another mill, called the Huntley Mill, was erected in 1845, on Grand River, and on section 23, and what is now Clinton Township. This was considered a good mill at the I02 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. time, and doubtless was fully up to the mills of that day. It had a run of burrs for both wheat and corn. The horse mill soon became an institution. The country stores multiplied, and even the county seat began to take upon itself a habita- tion and a name. Many went to Wallace's store, others went to town, a few to the court house, and now and then a man would announce he was going to Clinton. And the women, too, went and shopped at these stores, for there were pioneer women in those days as well as pioneer men, and they knew something of pioneer life from actual experience. CHAPTER 111. EARLY ELECTION AND EVENTS— PIONEERS AND POETRY. ELECTIONS— "EIGHTEEN FORTY "—PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN— SONGS AND "A LITTLE MORE CIDER, TOO "—DEMOCRATIC DEFEAT— A CHANGE— THE QUIET OF EARLY DAYS, COVERING LITTLE MORE THAN A DECADE— WOMEN "PIONEERS— PRIVA- TIONS, LABOR AND HEROIC FORTITUDE— NAMES OF THE EARLY SETTLERS— FROM THE CRADLE TO THE GRAVE— PIONEER LIFE IN VERSE. ELECTION — " EIGHTEEN FORTY." In the early times election days were a sort of holiday. The voters went early, took their guns along and proposed to have a good time, shooting at a mark being one of their festive pastimes. County elec- tions did not produce much excitement. A few men got on the right side of the people, and they managed to secure the loaves and fishes pertaining to the local offices of the county. And, singular as it may seem to those unacquainted with the wealth that comes to a man by being a public officer, most all the men who held the offices and received the official pap are to this day pretty well off in this world's goods. Still it was the state elections, or the presidential years which called forth the true patriotic fever in those pioneer days of song and story, with here and there a well filled jug, which would raise the patriotic feeling to an enthusiastic pitch. It was genuine enthusiasm, too. There was noth- ing sordid about it. but they went into win on their side, and until the polls closed at sundown they kept the ball rolling lively. When the battle of the ballot ended the victors were cheered and the slain decently interred, to be resurrected, perhaps, at some future day. THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN. There have been many exciting presidential campaigns in this coun- try, but to the old pioneer there has never been an election that could at all compare with that of 1840. And we must give the palm of fun, frolic and intense patriotism to the men of other days. It was a cam- paign of barbecues, picnics and processions, of merry songs and patri- otic utterances. Money, indeed, was used in the times of long ago, but instead of a bribe to the individual voter to corrupt and degrade him, as I04 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNIY. now, no such thought entered the minds of the leaders in those good old days. The money went for music by the band, a roast ox and a " little more cider, too." There was a feast of reason, a flow of soul, and principles were fought for and not spoils. The year 1840 will ever be memorable in the political history of our country. Jackson had carried out his plans to destroy the power of the United States Bank, which was using its vast resources to corrupt the people's representatives, to secure a renewal of its charter, and become a power potent for evil in the future of the country. Having accom- plished this he retired, and Martin Van Buren became his successor. Finances, however, had become deranged, and every effort of those who had felt the power of Jackson's policy was willingly put forth to effect the downfall of Van Buren's administration, by fair means or foul. The financial panic of 1837 was the golden opportunity of the Whig party, and they availed themselves of it. The cry of hard times was echoed and re-echoed throughout the land, and it was no false cry. Wildcat banks had come into being in place of the old United States Bank, and when the pressure came they were unable to stem the tide of bankruptcy and ruin, which indeed they were the most potent cause, and which then swept over the country with the force and destructive power of a cyclone, carrying desolation in its path. The banks' circulation being principally secured by bonds and mortgages, and real estate rapidly depreciating, these banks went down before the financial storm like leaves in an autumnal gale. The financial crash of,i837 told fearfully and with terrible effect in the East, where the bulk of the voting population was then found; but while west of the Mississippi the vote was light, and the country sparsely settled, yet the West was as enthusiastic as any other portion of the country and went into the campaign with the greatest fervor and delight. The distress all over the country was great and a presidential campaign came to hand before the people could recover. Not only were the friends of the United States Bank and the old Whig party solid, but the story was added that Van Buren's admin- istration was one of wild prodigality, and that the cabinet was an aris- tocratic court that vied in follies and extravagance the worst courts of Europe. This was a harp of a thousand strings, and every string seemed to send forth a wail of horror over the reckless waste of this Democratic administration. From this came the grand campaign of " Log cabin and hard cider," that of 1840. The old pioneer dotes on that campaign and memory brightens as its vivid scenes are recalled tc mind. In 1840, as before remarked, the people still suffered from the hard times brought on by the financial disaster of 1837; hard work had not yet drawn them out of the slough of bankruptcy, and the promised relief from congressional action had also failed. So the story of trials and sufferings was told in song and carried everything before it. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. IO5 The log cabin feature touched the hearts of the people, for of such were their homes, and the songs had the effect of clinching reason and fancy and securing their votes. " For Tippecanoe and Tyler, too, for Van, Van, is a used up man," and the chorus rang out with a heartiness that boded no good to the Democracy. In touching up the extrava- gances of the administration and the promises of relief which had been circulated, but never realized, one verse of a song is still in the memory of the writer. It ran: " In the year eighteen hundred and forty, The times of promised relief, Which was sung to the poor by the haughty, Two dollars a day and roast beef." Well, they had not realized the above, and every time that song went floating through the air it somehow seemed to carry votes and to cause the Democracy to look blue when the sound reached them. It was claimed that the destruction of the old United States Bank and the extravagance of Van Buren's administration had brought on the panic of 1837 and all the evils which followed, and that " Old Tippe- canoe," William Henry Harrison, who was not only a soldier boy, but a •farmer, would give the country a farmer's administration, which meant economy and good times. The Whigs had decidedly the best of the fight, and the campaign was simply "immense" with its grand barbecues, speeches, processions and songs. The charge of lavish expenditures of Van Buren was harped upon with wonderful effect, and many songs were composed and sung of of the way he got away with the people's money in aristrocratic living. One verse of a song which was sung with a wild enthusiasm in the cam- paign was as follows, speaking as coming from President Van Buren; " Bring forth, he cries, the glittering plate, We'll dine to day in royal state; He speaks, and on the table soon They place the golden fork and spoon. Around him bends a servile host, And loud they shout the welcome toast, Down with Old Tippecanoe ! Down with Old Tippecanoe ! ! " This generally brought down the house when an indoor meeting was held, and out of doors the shouts were fairly terrific. The Demo- crats, however, were not idle; they saw the storm and prepared to meet it with counter charges, and of the same kind of ammunition, but the disaffection of Van Buren and his traitor host caused their banner to trail in the dust. I06 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Henry Clay, of Kentucky, was the leader of the Whig party, and he was made the target of a good deal of Democratic thunder. The songs were not all on one side, not by any means; but the charge of royalty was the winning card of the Whigs. However, the Democrats got off a good many songs against Clay and his party, and a verse is here given to show the tactics of the Democracy. Here it is: "There's Harry Clay, a man of doul)t, Who wires in and wires out; And you cannot tell, when he's on the track, Whether he's going on or coming back." Or, in other words, like the Irishman's flea, when you had him, he wasn't there. The election came off, and the songs, "Log Cabins" and "A Little More Cider, too," did the business. " Old Tip " was elected, and " Tyler, too," and the people once more settled down to quiet life. But if you want to put life and snap in the voice and limbs of the old pioneer on an election theme, strike the keynote, the year 1840. His eyes will brighten, his limbs will straighten and his voice will ring out with a bell-like clearness, as he tells you of that greatest and best of political campaigns ever held in this country. The contrast to the bright glow and honesty of the one party, all working together for suc- cess, and the dark and damning treachery which haunted and followed the other with a black and frowning brow, was significant of the result. Treachery had done its evil work, and done it well. He who had received honors and emoluments at the hands of his party and the peo- ple became a traitor and a renegade, and so Van Buren sank out of sight, the dark pall of oblivion covering him with a mantle of shame. "Salt River" became household words, and many people actually believed that a vessel had taken the Democratic candidates on a voyage up that beautiful (.'') and historic stream. Harrison was deserving of his country's honor, and though General Cass may have been better versed in statecraft, yet if Harrison had lived, the country would never have suffered. Such a campaign as that of 1840 at this day would be a farce. There is too much bargain and sale. It would not chime in with an innocent song, for there is very little innocence in the elections of late years. Principles have had little to do with elections. High-sounding words, plenty of promises— to be broken, capital to the front, labor to the rear, monopolies triumphant and rolling in wealth, the people to live a pauper life with the heritage of unceasing work fastened upon their limbs. This is the present outlook of the people, taken from a party standpoint, who loves them so dearly and well. So the old pioneer revels in the times of long ago, and he is not far out of the way. Those days were as full HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 10/ of wrangling and bitterness as those of the present, but it was a square fight for principles only. Money was not the mighty power, which has controlled the past elections for more than a decade. It did not rule congress, buy legislatures or elect presidents. It had the will to do it, but its representative, the United States Bank, lay bleeding at the feet of the people, where it had been laid by the iron will and mailed hand of their lion-hearted president. Henry County had her part in this election and polled her usual party vote. A CHANGE. The tide of immigration, which had slackened during the previous years, began to assume greater proportions and Henry County received her share. Henry and St. Clair Counties had a population of 4,726 in 1840. according to the census of that year, St. Clair at that time being a part of Rives or Henry County. In 1850 the two counties boasted of a population of 7,608, or a gain of about 65 per cent during the decade ending 1850. Of this Henry County had a population of 4,052 and St. Clair of 3,556. In the same ratio of division in 1840 Henry County would have had 2,521 and St. Clair 2,205. A QUIET LIFE. Henry County had few stirring incidents to record in her early days. There was little to arouse the old pioneer from the even tenor of his way. Indians were not troublesome, game was plenty, honey could easily be found. The distance to mill and post office was their greatest trouble, and though wolves sometimes were found troublesome on the way, there were no thrilling horrors enacted, and so the settlers through all those trying years, trying because of the privations endured, if not from danger. They had worked to improve their homes that they and their children might have a competency in their old age. To be sure, there were many incidents of these privations and cares that would be interesting to the readers, of hunting excursions that sometimes cost more than they came to. of the simple implements of industry which are now obsolete, and yet was the only help in all those early years ol the hardy pioneers, and of the forests and the prairies. This and much more could be written, yet it is more or less familiar to all. The old pioneer, in many cases, has departed to his long home, but the children of those days have not all passed their three score years and ten, and with memories tenacious they have told of their childhood days until it has become an open book to all. Yet these pages are gath- ered together that with the future onward march of time, when memory has ceased and the last link broken that unites the present with the I08 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. early days, then this work will be treasured as the missing link that should forever unite the pioneer of early history with the men and women of to-day. The country grew and prospered under the strength of the brawny arm and endurance of her noble old pioneers. Civilization advanced, and material progress could be seen on every hand. School houses were built, education took a step forward; Christianity went hand in hand, for the school house was also the church, and thus the pioneer sought enlightenment, and bowed before his Maker. Such has been, in a measure, the history of the early pioneers of this beautiful country, and those who are living can look back with unabated interest to the days which tried the nerve, the muscle and the indomi- table will of the fathers and mothers who had the infancy of Henry Country in their keeping. In closing this part of our history, covering but a little over a decade of time, there has been something written founded upon tradi- tion, but little of it in comparison with the vast array of facts gathered and compiled within its pages. The early pioneer made history, but knew little how to preserve it. This is a sad loss to the county. Those years, and the lives and actions of the heroes and patriots then living, were of the greatest importance. Then it was that the foundation was laid upon which a noble and enduring superstructure was to be reared, and upon which the moral, physical and political future of the country was to rest. There were no great stirring events or remarkable happenings, but it was a time of self-reliance, of persevering toil, of privations and of suffering that were endured with heroic fortitude. They believed in a future reward of successful labor and of the good time coming when the wooded hills and open prairies should resolve themselves into well cul- tivated farms, their humble cabins into residences that would be fitting their improved financial condition and the advanced era in which they would live. They had come into the boundless wilderness poor in purse, but rich in faith, powerful in endurance, and their future was before them. WOMEN PIONEERS— HER TRIALS — HER FORTITUDE. Thus far the pioneer has been referred to as of the sterner sex; but were they the only pioneers in these western wilds ? Was man the only one who suffered privations and want, who worked that a generation then verging on manhood might find the way " blazed " to the light of a higher civilization, and that a generation yet unborn might find the fruits of struggle in well tilled fields, a full granary, and a new home blessed with all the arts and progress that a new era gave them .'' Was it in the culture and refinement of a people of a later day, who had HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. * IO9 received not only wealth descended from their forefathers, but those benefits which science had discovered hidden in" the deep and dark mys- teries of nature, and were they to thank men alone for these blessings around them ? No; but high on the scroll of fame should the pioneer women of our land have their names emblazoned that generations yet to come, and for all time may honor and bless the heroic women who gave their lives to the duties of a pioneer's life,, and who proudly and uncomplainingly did the work which came before them as only women could do it, smoothing their lives with the light of an undying love, and proving in every way the equal of man in carrying forward the work of making a wilderness take upon itself the garb of civilization and barren plains the wealth of fruitful fields and abundant harvests. Thus have the pioneer women worked and struggled, and the rude cabin was to them a home of love and happiness. Rude and primitive as that cabin might be, with a floor of mother earth, simple and unadorned, there was found within its walls many a heroine of early days. Not in the palaces of the rich of what is called this enlightened era was more true lifelike happiness found than in those lowly cabins. There was no waiting in those days for a home of splendor before man found his mate, but the heroes and heroines of those days joined hearts and hands and helped each other down the rugged pathway of life. He went into the field to work that he might supply the food necessary for life, while she worked on in her own sphere, furnishing her husband's cabin with the smiles of a lo-ving heart, greeting her partner with the evident work of willing hands, keeping her true and womanly talents in full play, not only in preparing her food for the family meal, but in weaving and spinning, cutting and making, the garments for herself and those, of her household under her loving care. Much has been written of the "'Old Pioneer," and his struggles in the early years of his life; his heavy trials, misfortunes, and his ulti- mate success; but little has been recorded of his companion, the light of his cabin, who cheered him in his misfortunes, nursed him in sickness, and in health gave her whole strength to labor for their future welfare and happiness. There was little luxury or ease for the pioneer's wife; but whatever her destiny might be, it was met with a firm faith and a willingness to do her whole duty, living in the love of her husband and children, and trusting in Providence to receive her final reward for the unceasing labor of years, well and nobly performed. Yes, there was something decidedly primitive in the building and furniture of those cabins of old. They were in many cases built one and a half stories high, that they might have a " loft " to store away things, and sometimes to sleep. The windows were covered with a light quilt, or paper, to keep the wind and rain out, the puncheon was laid, no HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. the Stick and mud chimney set up, a table and a chair or two, or stools made of a split log, the flat side up, and holes bored to put in the legs, which were generally three. Shelves would be made of the same mate- rial, holes bored and pins put in, to hang up their clothes or other things, and that pioneer heroine was ready to meet her friends and neighbors, or the world at large, in a roomy and comfortable home. A housekeep- ing outfit of that style in these days would send a young woman into hysterics, make her declare that she would " go right home to her pa" — and probably for herself and that young man it would be the best place for her. TI' en the wife generally milked the cow, if they had one, cooked and sewed, wove and spun, and went to mill, thus doing her part and keeping her end of the line taut. They made their bread literally by the sweat of their brows, and led happy and contented lives. A calico or a gingham dress was good enough to go to church in, but oftener a bright homespun dress did duty on the same occasion; then the calico or gingham would last a year or two, and then could be turned and made up for the children. It only took eight yards for a dress, hoop skirts having not yet put in an appearance, and pinbacks were of another day and generation. So with a multiplicity of duties, the young wife kept on her way. By and by, when a young family had grown up around them, cares began to increase, the wife and mother was often compelled to sit up, night after night, that the husband and children's clothes might be mended, their stockings darned, and the preparations for the coming morning's work made ready. Then it was discovered that a woman's work was never done. The household was asleep. The tired husband and father was resting his weary limbs in dream-land; the restless children were tossing here and there on their beds as children always do; nature itself had gone to rest, and the outer world was wrapped in darkness and gloom, but the nearly exhausted wife and mother sewed on and on, and the midnight candle was often still shedding its pale light over the work or the vigils of the loved and loving mother. And this is the record of thousands of noble women, the female pioneers whose daily presence, loving hearts, earnest work and intuitive judgment made the work of civilization and progress one of success. And the question has oftentimes been asked, " What would the men of the olden times have done if the women of the olden times had not been there with them.? And the question comes back, "Ah! yes, what would they have done.'" These were the kind of women that made civilization a success, and brightened the pathway of material progress with the promise of a glo- rious future. There are a few yet living of that glorious band of pioneer women who gave their lives to the hard fate of a pioneer's wife. They bore their share of the troubles, trials and labor of the times. They are HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Ill deserving of the love and veneration of all, and may their pathway to the unknown river be brightened by kind words and loving hearts. Let them glide softly and pleasantly down the river of time, and let no regret come from them for neglect and coldness. Their young days were days of hardship; let the evening of their life be bereft of care, peaceful and joyous. Of those who are now sleeping their last sleep,, they did their duty nobly and well, and while their allotted time on earth has passed, they have gone to a better world — a reward to all those whose life's pilgrimage has been worthily performed. And thus the pioneer women passes away. May they ever be blessed while liv- ing. One and all, living or dead, deserve a high and honored place in the history of our country; and the author of Henry County's history gives this short tribute to their memory. Not that it is much, but that those who have done so much to bring these western wilds to a land of civilization and Christianity has the veneration of the writer, and of those he has met and those who have gone before will he hold in cher- ished memory until he, too, joins the throng on the golden shore, where time ceases and eternity begins its endless round. • NAMES OF THE EARLY PIONEERS. In bringing this portion of our history to a close the names of those who first trod the wilderness or that part of it which is now Henry County may be of interest, not only to those who are living, but to future generations. Not all who figured in the early history are here recorded; many familiar names may be missing — all could not be secured. The list, however, numbers nearly three hundred who settled in Henry County previous to the year 1840, and other names not here recorded will be found in some of the township histories. It is, there- fore likely that there are but few omitted. The record, with former home when known, is as follows: FROM 1830 TO 1840. Arbuckle, Thomas, 1830, Christian Avery, A. C, 1836, Henry County, County, Kentucky. Missouri. Arbuckle, James H., 1830, Christian Avery, Jas. M., 1838, Henry County,. County, Kentucky. Missouri. Arbuckle, Matthew, 1830, Christian Allen, George J, County,' Kentucky. Allen, James. Adair, William, 1831, Kentucky. Allen, Robert.-^ Anderson, Thomas, 1832, Kentucky. Austin, John H. Austin, Obediah, 1832, Kentucky. Akers, William. Avery, Henry, 1831, Tennessee. Aull, A. 112 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY Aull, Robert. Anderson, George, 1833. Anderson, James, 1833. Anderson, Isaac, 1833. Anderson, Claiborne, 1833. Anderson, William H., 1832. Avery, V. January, 1833, Virginia. Berry, Jonathan T., 1832, Kentucky. Barker, James T., 1832, Cooper County, Missouri. Burnett, Isom, 1830, Kentucky. Blevins, Ezekiel, 1831, Kentucky. Blevins, Preston, 1832, Henry Coun- ty, Missouri. Bogarth, Joseph, 183 1. Bricker, William, 1834. Bronaugh, H., 1838, Virginia. Byser, Peter J., 1839, North Caro- lina. Byser, Mrs. L., 1840, Kentucky. Buchanan, John, 1832. Barker, Richard B. Bates, Asaph W. Banta, Abraham. Banta, Peter. Barker, John, 1832. Bridges, John A. Beatty, Joseph R. Berkley, John. Baker, Hiram. Berry, John W. Boles, Alexander M. Brown, Preston. Brown, John S. Brown, Jesse. Brelsford, Majorum. Bentz, William. Bledsoe, William. Bell, Valentine. Britton, Thomas. Benson, Zachariah. Brown, A. M., 1835, Virginia. Bounds, George, 1832. Briggs, D.. 1838, North Carolina. Brown, Samuel. Bunch, George H. Buster, Phillip J. Cecil, Phillip, 1834, Virginia. Cecil, Polly, 1834, Virginia. Cock, Chastian, 1837, Christian Co., Kentucky. Cock, Thomas G., 1837, Virginia. Cock, Mrs. H. S.. 1836, Kentucky. Chitwood, Daniel, 1833, Campbell County, Tennessee. Cox, Samuel. Cargile, William. Castleman, John G. Collins, William J. Cooper, Benjamin. Cleveland, George. Crowley, William. Callaway, James. Catron, John. Clark, Marshall P. Cecil, Sebastian. Collins, Thos. 1831, Howard County, Missouri. Collins, David, 1837. Deford,John M. Drake, James P. Davis, Matthew. Davis, James. Derritt, B. L. Davis, Jubal. Davis, William H. Dunnaway, Isaac. Davis, C, 1838, Ohio. Davis, Solomon, 1838, Ohio. Douglas. Henry T., 1835, Howard Count}', Missouri. Douglas, Mrs. C. P., 1835, Lincoln County, Kentucky. Dunning, Mrs. S. J. 1837, Kentucky, Elbert, Henry. East, Mrs. M. T., 1833, Tennessee. Fewell, H. P., 1833, Henry County, Missouri. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 113 Fewell, J. M., 1839, Christian Coun- ty, Kentucky. Fink, Mark J., 1835. Madison Coun- ty, Virginia, Fink, Elias J., 1840, Howard County, Missouri. Fink, W. C, 1840, Howard County, Missouri. Fink, Abner, 1835, Madison County, Virginia. Fields, Joseph, 1832, Virginia. Fields, Nathan F., 1834, Virginia. Fields, James W., 1833, Virginia. Fewell, B. C, 1838, Williamson Co., Tennessee. Fand, B. Trolinger, Henry, 1833. Goff, William, 1832. Goff, Andrew, 1832. Goff, L. J., 1839, Missouri. Goff, James M., 1836. Goff, Mrs. S. A., 1835, Missouri. Garth, Samuel D., 1834, Kentucky. Garth, Mrs. Ermie, 1834, Kentucky. George, William Chandler, 1835, Caroline County, Virginia. Gray, William A., 1836, Christian County, Kentucky. Gray, Dr. J. W., 1840, Henr}' County, Missouri. Gladden, William, 1832. Gladden, Robert, 1832. Goodin, Benjamin, 1832. Gragg, Malcom. Gragg, Alexander, Gordan, Jonathan. Gillet, George S. Greenup, John, 1835. Gray, Thomas. Gooch, John. Gordon, Russell M., 1836. Gordon, Pattison, 1837. Goodin, Amos H., 1832. Gladden, James, 1832. Ham, Wm. H., 1833, Howard Coun- ty, Missouri. Hughes, I. N., 1832, Christian Coun- ty, Kentucky. Hughes, J. A., 1832, Christian Coun- ty, Kentucky. Hastain, J. N., 1835, Missouri. Holland, F. C, 1838, Kentucky. Howerton, J. S., 1839, North Caro- lina. Hogan, William H. Hogan, Dr. James. Hogan, David. Hindley, Joseph B. Howard, Avery B. HoUey, Bartholomew. Hargreaves, James. Hargreaves, William. Hargreaves, Frederick. Howard, Seth. Hall, B. P. Hart, William. Holland, Whitniel. Irvin, James. Irason, Thomas, 1836. Jones, S. S., 1836, Woodson County, Tennessee. Jones, R., Jr., 1836, North Carolina. Jones, Richard, 1837, Virginia. Journey, A., 1839, Kentucky, Jones, Chesley. Jones, John. Jones, R., December, 1837, Virginia. Kimsey, Thomas, 1830. Kimsey, Alfred, 1830. Kimsey, Littleberry, 1830. Kimsey, John, 1830. Keeney, Rev. Thomas, 183 1. Knox, Thomas. Knox, Joseph A. Lewis, Howell, 1836, Virginia. Lotspeich, Henry, 1837, Tennessee. Littlepage, John D., 1839, Green- brier County, Virginia. 114 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Lake, George W., 1831, Virginia. Legg, Archibald C, 1833. Means, Robert, Sr., 1832, Christian County, Kentucky. Means, Robert D., 1832, Howard County,. Missouri. Means, Mrs. R. B.; 1834, Christian County, Kentucky. Means, Joseph, 1832, Christian County, Kentucky. McWilliams, James, 183 1, Ken- tucky. Merritt, M. B., 1840, Kentucky. Merritt, Mrs. S. A., 1839, Tennes- see. Means, Mrs. Marion W., 1839, Ken- tucky. Morgan, Russel M. Manship, George. Melton, Joel. Myrtle, Reuben. McDaniel, William. McPherson, Mark. Mockbee, H. C. Mockbee, Thomas. Mockbee, Cuthbert. Mockbee, John. Mulky, John. Martin, Abner, 1832. Martin, George W., 1832. Martin, Baker, 1832. Nash, James, 1832, Tennesse. Nave, John, 183 1. Nance, Benjamin S. Ogan, William D., 1834. Ogan, Mrs. J. G., 1833, Knox County, Kentucky. Owens, William, R., 1831. Owsley, John N., 1832. Oldham, John. Parazette, Francis, 1832, Ken- tucky. Palmer, Drury, 1831, Christian County, Kentucky. Palmer, Mrs. Mary A., 1831. Palmer, Daniel, 1840, Garret Coun- ty, Kentucky. Price, William B., 1831. Prinnell, Fielding A., 1831. Pigg, John A., 1836, Kentucky. Peeler, M. S., 1837, Orange Coun- ty, North Carolina. Peeler, S. D., 1837, Illinois. Peeler, H. F., 1839, Missouri. Parks, Peyton. Parks, James. Parks, Bird D., 1840, Kentucky, Prewitt, Esau. Pemberton, Thomas. Payne, James A. Perry, William T. Parks, William, 1835, Missouri. Pigg, Labon, 1836, Kentucky. Poor, Solomon. Poor, William. Parker, Benjamin G. Reid, Alfred, 1832, Kentucky. Read, Amanda, 1840, Clay County, Kentucky. Reed, John M. Reeder, Samuel. Rank, John. Ross, David. Reynolds, Wi liam. Robertson, Cyrus B. Radford, William P. Rains, James L. Swift, William, 1831. Swift, Isaac, 183 1. Sears, James B., 1831. Stone, Mrs. E. A., 1836, Henry County, Missouri. Simpson, William, 1831, Kentucky. Stevenson, Colby S., 1832, Christian County, Kentucky. Sissel, P. W., 1831, Virginia. Sharp, John F., 1832, Virginia. Sharp, C. C, 1832, Virginia. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. U| harp, p. B., 1832, Missouri. Woodward, James, 1832. Sproul, Robert. Woodward, John, 1832. Surface, Joel. Wallace, Thomas B., 1835. Surface, Jacob. Wallace, Benjamin F., 1835. Squires, George W. Wade, Richard, 1833, Kentucky. Shivers, Stephen. Warren, James. Striker, Peter. Wall, William M. Sweeny, Jonathan. Walker, John. Shannon, John. West, Mark. Swift, Thomas. White, David. Seaton, Edward. Wilson, John, 1833, Kentucky, Servis, Howard. Williams, John W. Stone, John C. Wright, William, Taylor, William B., 1837, Jefferson Watson, , 1837. County, Kentucky. Woodson, George B. Taylor, Rickard F., 1837, Louis- Woodson, William G. ville, Kentucky. Wiley, James. Taylor, Mrs. A. M., 1839, Ken- Wiley, Abraham, December, 1832, tucky. Tennessee. Thurston, Dr. Richard, 1835. Wiley, William. Trotter, George. Waters, F. Turner, George W. Waters, C. Thornton, J. T., 1839, Virginia. Woodson, Walter. Thompson, David. Westerfield, Dr. William J. Tuttle, Elias. Wolff, William. Walker, George W., 1832, Tennes- Young, Sarah Collins, 183 1, How- see, ard County, Missouri. Walker, Pleasant, 1832, Tennessee. Young, D. R., 1837, Lincoln Coun- Wade, P. D., 1830, Kentucky. ty, Kentucky. Williamson, B. F., 1840, Tennessee. OLD settler's poem. 'Tis almost half a hundred years, Since you and I, old pioneer, With aspirations free, A home within this re^^ion sought ; But who of us then dreamed or thought To see the many changes wrought That we have lived to see ? From different counties then we came, Our object and our end the same — A home in this far west. A cabin here and there was found, Perhaps a little spot of ground Inclosed and cleared, while all around In nature's garb was dressed. Il6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Here then we saw the groves of green, Where woodman's axe had never been — The spreading prairies, too. Within these groves so dense and dark Was heard the squirrel's saucy bark ; The bounding stag was but the mark To prove the rifle true. But all is changed, the cabins gone, The clapboard roof with weight poles on. The rough-hewn puncheon floor, The chimneys made of stick and clay, Are seen no more — gone to decay — The men who built them, where are they ? I need not ask you more. They're gone, but they're remembered yet, Those cabin homes we can't forget, Although we're growing old ; Fond memory still the spot reveres The cabin homes of youthful years. Where, with compatriot pioneers, We pleasures had untold. The dense and tangled woodland, too. The groves we often wandered through. No longer now are there ; The praiiie with its sward of green, With flowrets wild no more are seen, But farms with dusty lanes between Are seen where once they were. Large towns and villages arise, And steeples point toward the skies. Where all was desert then; And nature's scenes have given place To those of art ; the hunter's chase Has yielded to the exciting race Of speculative men. Ah ! what a change the pioneer In forty years has witnessed here; The country's changing still ; How many changes it's passed through — And we, old friends, are changing, too — There's been a change in me and you, And still that change goes on. And when we think upon the past. Those friends whose lot with us was cast On this once wild frontier, And pass them all in our review. As often times in thought we do — Alas ! how very few Are there remaining here. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. II7 A few years will come and go As other years have done, you know; And then ? Ah ! yes, what then ? The world will still be moving on ; But we, whose cheeks are growing wan, Will not be here ! We'll all be gone From out the ranks of men. Our places will be vacant here, And of the last old pioneer The land will be bereft; The places which we here have filled, The fields which we have cleared and tilled, Our barns, though empty or though filled, To others will be left. Let us go back — in memory, go — Back to the scenes of long ago. When we were blithe and young, When hope and expectations bright Were buoyant, and our hearts were light ; And fancy, that delusive spright. Her siren sonnets sung. 'Tis natural that we should think, While standing on the river brink. How wide the stream has grown. We saw it when 'twas but a rill Just bursting from the sloping hill. And now its surging waters fill A channel broad, unknown. *Tis natural and proper, too. That we compare the old and new, The present and the past. And speak of those old fogy ways In which we passed our younger days; Then of the many new displays That crowd upon us fast. We little knew of railroads then, Or dreamed of that near period when We'd drive the iron horse ; And 'twould have made the gravest laugh Had he been told only one half The wonders ot the the telegraph — Then in the brain of Morse. We did not have machinery then To sow and reap and thresh the grain. But all was done by hand ; And those old-fashioned implements Have long ago been banished hence, Or rusting, lie inside the fence — No longer in demand. 51 8 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Yes, there are grown-up men, I know. Who never saw a bull-tongue plow, A flail or reaping hook ; And who could not describe, you know, A swingling board or knife, although Their grandmas used them long ago, And lessons on them took. The young man now would be amused To see some things his grandsire used, Some things he ne'er had seen ; The way in which we cleaned our wheat, When two strong men with blanket sheet Would winnow out the chaff and cheat, And twice or thrice the thing repeat, Until the grain was clean. The single shovel plow and hoe, To clean out weeds was all the show — We knew no better way; And now our sons would laugh to scorn Such poky ways of making corn, And bless their stars that they were born In more enlightened days. They say the world has wiser grown, They've got the speaking telephone — Talks hundred miles or more ; And preachers may preach and pray To congregations miles away; And thousand other things they say, We never had before. And yet I do not know but what The pioneer enjoyed his lot, And lived as much at ease, As men in these enlightened days, With all the strange, new fangled ways The world of fashion now displays, The mind of man to please. 'Tis true, we did not live so fast, But socially our time was passed. Although our homes were mean ; Our neighbors then were neighbors true. And every man his neighbor knew, Although those neighbors might be few. And sometimes far between. Ah ! yes, old pioneers, I trow The world was brighter then than now To us gray-headed ones ; Hope pointed us beyond the vale, And whispered us a fairy tale, Of coming pleasures ne'er to fail Through all the shining suns. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 19 Ambition, too, with smiles so soft, Was pointing us to seats aloft, Where fame and honor last. We had not learned what now we know — The higher up the mount we go The storms of life still fiercer blow, And colder is the blast. That though we reach the mountain top, Fruition find of every hope, Or wear the victor's crown ; Though far above the clouds we tread, Other clouds are still o'erhead, And on the mind there is the dread, The dread of coming down. Ah ! yes. Old Settlers, one and all. Whatever may us yet befall, We will not, can't forget, The simple and old-fashioned plans, The ruts in which our fathers ran Before the age of steam began To run the world in debt. But ere, my friends, we hence embark, We fain would place some leading mark Upon this mountain shore; A mark the traveler may see In coming years, and know that we Have lived and passed the road that he May then be passing o'er. When death's dark curtain shall be drawn, And we old pioneers are gone. Let truthful history tell To far off posterity the tale. As down the stream of time they sail, Bow we, with motto " Never fail," Came here, and what befel. Let history, then impartial state The incidents of every date, And that it so may do, Let pioneers of every age In this important work engage, And each of them produce his page, His page of history true. The incidents of early years, Known only to the pioneer, With them will soon be lost, Unless, before they hither go. Those incidents are stated so Posterity the facts may know. When they the stream have crossed. 120 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. And while we talk upon the past, Of friends who seem to go so fast, And those already gone, It may not be, my friends, amiss For each of us to thir.k of this — The curtain of forgetfulness Will soon be o'er us drawn. The mind goes back through all the years — We call to mind the pioneers, Those bold and hardy men ; We pass them in the mind's review, The many dead, the living few; Those unpretending settlers, who Were our compatriots then. Men, who of toil were not afraid, Men who the early history made Of this now famous land ; The men who, ere the spoiler came, This heritage so fair to claim. Were here prepared, through flood and flame, Those claimants to withstand. But time would fail to speak of all Those changes that our mind recalls ; The world is strangely wise; And soon its passing scenes will bear The last old pioneer to where His lost and loved companions are. In lands beyond the skies. The poem closes, more particularly, the career of the old settlers and their work. It gives in verse a better description of the old pioneer and his life-long labors than many pages of prose could have done, and was written by one who had been a prominent actor in pioneer life, hav- ing settled in Jackson County in 1826. Not all has been given which the compiler of this history would like to record, and doubtless many omissions may be discovered that should have had a place in the forego- ing pages, but what is here given is a record of facts, and a pretty full account of the early settlement of the county. CHAPTER IV. MEXICAN WAR AND THE LAND OF GOLD— DEATH AND LUCRE. MEXICO-WAR-VOLUNTEERS— THEIR RETURN -THE LAND OF GOLD— THE RUSH FOR THE PROMISED LAND - SUFFERINGS AND DEATH— FEVER IN HENRY COUNTY- SOME GOT WEALTH AND MANY POVERTY-THOSE WHO WENT AND THOSE WHO DIED-THE NAMES OF THOSE WHO RETURNED-ITEMS OF GENERAL INTEREST- LEGAL DOCUMENTS— MARRIAGES— WILLS— DEEDS— SLAVES-WIDOWS DOWER. MEXICAN WAR. The next few years were uneventful ones so far as local affairs were concerned. The Mexican war, which began in 1846, sent a thrill of excitement through the hearts of the people. The regular army was not able to cope with the Mexican forces on account of superiority of number of the latter, and a call for volunteers was made. The southern states, being nearest the scene of conflict, rushed their volunteers to the front, but it was not long before it was shown by the people of the coun- try that the treasonable and cold-blooded utterance of an Ohio member in the halls of congress had no resting place in the hearts of the peo- ple: "That Mexico should welcome our soldiers with bloody hands to hospitable graves." General Taylor opened the fight at Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma and Monterey, but it was done at the loss of the brave and gallant Ringgold, who met his fate at Palo Alto, and a host of others, who gave their lives to their country's glory. And it will do no harm to mention here the initial steps in the science of war taken by a number of gallant officers, who proved themselves heroes upon more than one battle field of the Mexican war, who on broader and more extended fields attracted by their skill and daring the attention of the world. These young heroes of the Mexican war were Grant, McClellan, Lee, Beauregard, Hill, Jackson, Sherman, Hooker, Longstreet, Buell, Johnston, Lyon, Anderson, Kearney, Thomas, Ewell and Davis. And of thirty officers mentioned by General Scott for their skill and daring sixteen were generals in the Union Army and fourteen were generals in that of the Confederacy. It was not until 1847, when a second call for troops was made, that two companies were formed — one commanded by Captain Nathaniel B. Holden, of Warrensburg, and the other by Cap- 122 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. tain John Hollovvay, of Warsaw. Into these two commands something like a hundred volunteers came from Henry County, some joining the former and some the latter company. Captain Holden's company belonged to the Twelfth United States Infantry, while Captain Hollo- way's was Company C of the First Regiment of Missouri Mounted Vol- unteers under Colonel Sterling Price. Colonel Price and his command, and the triumphant march and famous battles of General A. W. Doni- phan and his heroic men, have won a glowing page in the history of our country. Some of that band of gallant men who lived to return, wear- ing bright garlands of victory, were from Henry County. " A thousand glorious actions that might claim Triumphant laurels and immortal fame." Among those who did not return, but whose bones now lie on Mex- ican soil, was Cyrus D. Fletcher. He died at Camp Calhoun, March 29, 1847. He was under Holloway and in General Price's command. Ben- jamin W. Coats joined Capt. John N. Conant's company of Texas mounted volunteers, and also died. Then there were E. Preston Davis, Isaac N. Shooks, John B. East, James J. East, and Joseph Burks, who were in Captain Holden's command, who left their bones to bleach upon the soil of our foe, and joined on the golden shore the brave Ringgold, the gallant Clay, the intrepid Yell, and the noble Hardin, who wreathed their brows with the garland of death. And these names of the gallant dead, with those of Taylor, Scott, Price, and Doniphan, will go down in history, their fame growing broader and deeper as time rolls on. THEn< RETURN. Others returned to their homes to receive a joyous greeting. Thomas E. Owens, now in Colorado, joined the Texas Rangers, and in Holden's company was Dr. J. J. Grinstead, B. Q. Mitchenor, Paris Pinkston, James Davis, Hezekiah Major, William Bull, Dr. B. F. Smith, John W. Hall, and many others whose names it has been impossible to obtain. In Captain's Holloway's company was James W. Williams, Richard Taylor, Jesse Priggins, and many others. These all returned. Captain Holloway passed through this county on his way to Warsaw with his men, drop- ping them along as they reached their homes. He and his men took dinner at George W. and Preston Walker's, in Shawnee Township, on their return. He had about thirty men. The next morning they took breakfast at Thomas W. Jones', about half way between Clinton and Warsaw, and the same night were received with open arms by the patri- otic citizens of that town, who gave them a big supper and showed unmistakable joy at their return. Captain Holloway, in 1849, left for HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 23 California, and he who had stood in the van of battle and escaped, died on his way to California and was buried on the banks of Green River. The war shed a lustre upon American arms, and they who lived and returned to their country received the plaudits of the people. Those who died in defense of their homes can have no higher tribute paid to their heroic deeds than the cherished memory that is ever in the hearts of the American people. "And they who for their country die Shall fill an honored grave, For glory lights the soldier's tomb And beauty weeps for the brave." THE LAND OF GOLD. The war with Mexico had scarcely closed when astounding news came in fitful gusts from the Pacific Coast. The report was that gold had been found in that western land; that the waters of the Pacific Ocean actually washed a golden shore, and that among the mountains and on the plains, on Iiill tops and in gulches, the golden ore was found. All this carne to the ears of the people, and when corroborated created the wildest excitement. Talk of frenzy, the madness of the hour, the surging of the wild sea waves when the storm king lashes them to fury, listen to the clamor of contending hosts when the god of battle urges on the serried ranks to slaughter and to death ! Think of all these combined into one terrible onset, and you can then have only a faint conception of that mighty throng who truly proved the madness of the hour, and whose pathway became a charnel house of sorrow and death, while the road became whitened with the bones of the victims who had failed to realize their hopes and dreams and never reached the golden shore. In that far distant land, where the white-capped waves kissed the pebbly beach on the Pacific's sunlit coast and sang the soft lullaby of a murmuring sea, or where the storm king in his wrath goaded the grand old ocean to fury, there gold, bright, yellow gold, had been found. The rush for the wonderful land was as the charge of a mighty host. In wagon, on foot, on horseback, everywhere the tide to the western bor- der of our state, and there the vast throng " Crossed the Rubicon," until the plains were white with their covered wagons and tents, and they entered the portals of an unknown beyond, some to pass the arid waste, others to leave their bones to mark the pathway for those who followed. It was many days, days of terrible suffering, before those prisoners of a trackless plain saw the light breaking and the golden land appear in view, for which they had longed with yearning hearts and looked for with eyes dimmed by expiring hope, but seen at last. Despair gave way to joy too great for utterance. The El Dorado had been reached; would their hopes be realized .-' 124 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. THEY CROSSED THE " DARK RIYER." That hegira has left terrible foot-prints upon the pages of time. History has recorded in words of burning intensity and vivid brightness the hardship and sufferings of thousands who sought fame and fortune on the shore of that distant land. How many succeeded, or how many^ after suffering and enduring all in the hope of a brighter day, failed, will never be recorded. The stream of surging humanity kept on for years^ for many had gained a fortune, and California, the land of precious met- als, became to the poor man a veritable land of promise, but in reaching it many weary days and nights were passed, and many dropped by the wayside — crossing not the plains which bordered the land of their hopes and desires, but over the " dark river," with their fate unknown, until Gabriel's trump shall sound. GOLD FEVER IN HENRY. Henry County did not escape the intense excitement which ruled the hour, and many of her citizens caught the fever in a violent form, and probably over a hundred of her hardy and most enterprising sons left for the wonderful land. Many of those who started had been pio- neers of the county^ — men who had blazed a pathway for the car of pro- gress and endured the privation and sufferings of all those who lead the van of civilization, and what they had seen and endured here, they were ready to endure again when the prospects seemed so bright, for the reports came thick and fast that it was indeed a wonderful land, and gold could be had for the picking. Still other reports came to hand, of hardships untold, of suffering and death, yet it abated not one jot or tittle of the eager desire and determination of all to seek wealth in the land of sunset. They had endured, and could endure again, and they proposed to work as man never worked before, and believing they would realize great results, left for the promised Elysium. Just how many left Henry County is not of record. That over one hundred, as before stated, left, is very certain. Some returned to their homes happy, with a competency, others sank by the wayside, while others became residents of the country, making it their choice for a future home. Those who returned well supplied with the "root of all evil" were very willing to make it known that they had " made their pile," but the size of said pile was one of those things " no feller" ever could find out. Those who returned to Henry County and their homes were not all wealthy by any means; still, just what they did have was not known. Some spent money, bought farms and stock, improved the old place and gave evidence of being well to do, and things did brighten up consider- ably on their return, and Henry County seemed to grow and expand as HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 25 money circulated and energy took possession of the helm. Henry County undoubtedly secured her share of the wealth found and gathered in the Golden West, and she also had her sufferings and her losses of that wonderful period. Of those who left for the land of gold only a partial list can be given, and is as follows: John W. Williams. Samuel K. Williams. Major S. M. Peeler. John Peeler. Samuel Garth. John Garth. John Sweeney, died on the way. Charles Sweeney, died on the way. James P. Pinnell, died in California. Wash. Ashby, died in California. Richard Taylor, Benjamin Barker. John Slavens. George Slavens. H. B. Witherspoon. Porter Bone. Samuel Burnside. John R. Tennison. Bird D. Parks. ^ Monroe Duncan. Israel Putnam. Rufus Putnam. John R. Gilmore. Aaron Cunningham. Isaac Cunningham. Captain Gillette. George East. Nathan East. John William Thornton. James Kimsey. George W. Squires. John Wilson. Ward Drake, died in California. Charles Drake, died in California. Walker Wallace, died in California. David Ross, died on Green River, Benjamin McDaniel. going out. Samuel McDaniel. James Davis. T. C. Davis. Free Nichols. * James Witherspoon. John Henry Royston. Dr. Edward Royston. Michael Gillette. Samuel January. Peter January. Not much can be gathered of those who returned, only that those who went overland, unless well prepared, suffered terribly. Those who went around the " Horn " fared but little better. Not many incidents happened to mar the monotony of their existence. Major Peeler and Dr. Ed. Royster, being together one day, succeeded in killing a buffalo. The Major shot, and the Doctor came gallantly to his aid with his scal- pel, and this is about all that can be gathered of interest. In fact many days had not passed before the constant tramp, tramp, began to tell, and but little energy was expended outside of their daily travel. SOME FACTS. The first white child born in Henry County was Susan I. Avery, October 6, 1832, on section 10, Tebo Township, now Mrs. Roberts. 126 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The first male child born in Henry County was R. P. Blevins, Octo- ber 20, 1833, on section 16, Shawnee Township. The first child born in Clinton was Ermie Nave, now Mrs. Hall, born on section 3, Clinton Town and Township, February 12, 1836. The first child born in Henry County was Julia Ann Sherman, a colored child, born June 14, 1832. The mother belonged to Robert Means, Sr. The father of this child lived to the age of 105 years. The child lives in Windsor City, at the age of fifty years. The first death was a colored boy belonging to John Barker, who lived on fractional section 6, Springfield Township. He died August 15, 1832, soon after th- ir arrival in the county. The first white child that died was that of John Buchanan, about one year old. It died in October, 1832. The first preacher was Rev. Addison Young, Cumberland Presbyte- rian, who preached to the first settlers in 1830. He was soon joined by the Rev. Abraham Millice, Methodist, a circuit rider, and Rev. Thomas Keeney, a Baptist. The former preached as early as 183 1, and the latter came in 1832. The first resident minister was Henry Avery, July 10, 1831. The first school taught was in 1833, but whether the claim can be given to Windsor Township, or Fields' Creek, is hard to tell. An Irish- man by the name of Johnson taught school at John Nave's, at William Swift's, and at Sears', but Rev. Colby S. Stevenson taught a school in Windsor Township in the fall of 1833, in an old log cabin, down on Tebo Branch, about two and a half miles south of Windsor. In 1835 there were three log school houses erected in Henry County, built by the neighbors, and they were subscription schools. The first resident physician in the county was Dr. Richard Wade, from Kentucky. He settled on section 4, Tebo Township, in 1833. The first horse mill in the county was put up by Dr. Wade in the fall of 1833, on section 4, on one of the branches of West Tebo Creek. The first county court was at Henry Avery's, section 10, Tebo Town- ship, May 4 and 5, 1835. The first circuit court was at William Goff's, fractional section i, September 21, 1835. The first postoffice in the county was established 1835, and William Goff was postmaster. The first water mill erected in the county was put up by Littleberry Kimsey on Henry Creek, on section 4, in the year 1837. The mill stood on the property now owned and occupied by Benjamin Barker. The first hanging in Henry County was on July 31, 1846. James Lester was hung for the murder of Scott D. King. The gallows was erected near or upon the site of the present Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad depot, south of the town. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 12/ The first reward ever paid by Henry County, was the sum of $ioo paid to E. S. Pike, May, 1881, for the arrest of John W. Patterson for the murder James G. Clark. The present president of the "Old Settlers' Reunion," is George W. Walker, since October i, 1879. The oldest chair in the county is 240 years old, was made in Mary- land of oak with a drawing knife, and has a splint bottom. It is the property of Mrs. James M. Lindsay. The Wall family first took it in to North Carolina and was brought by Mrs. Lindsay from that state with the North Carolina Colony, which settled in Henry County in 1839. The first loss sustained by the county was in 1866. Something like $10,000 in Henry County property, which was sent to St. Louis and deposited with Miller & Kaist for safe keeping, during the the troubles of the civil war. The firm busted. , The second loss amounted, January i, 1883, to over $900,000, but as the loss is still going on and will continue so for from five to ten years to come, a future historian will have to make the footing and present a balance sheet to the people. . legal documents — marriage certificates. .Commonwealth of Missouri, Rives County. I do hereby certify that on the I2th day of November, 1835, I joined together in the rights of matrimony as husband and wife, Mr. Thomas A. Knox and Miss Nancy Allen. Given under my hand this 3d day of December, 1835. ABRAHAM MILLICE, Ordained Minister of the Gospel. The above seems to have been the earliest marriage after the county was organized. There was another certificate of a marriage on the 9th of December, and one on the 24th of the same month. Two more certificates are given, first, because of their brevity, and for the reason that turn about was fair play, it looks as if the sisters had swapped brothers; undoubtedly these young ladies met, and one said to the other, I will give you my brother for yours, and it looks as if the bargain was closed at once. Here are the models: CERTIFICATES. Solemnized marriage between John Sears and Dorcas Prigmore, the 3d day of December, 1835. C. T. STEVENSON, E. C. C. Solemnized marriage between Daniel Prigmore and Mary Sears, on the 17th day of January, 1836. C. T. STEVENSON, E. C. C. 128 HISTORY OF HENR\ COUNTY. The last three letters are supposed to stand for " Elder of the Christ- ian Church." FIRST WILL. The first will of record is given below. Mr. Cecil came to this county in 1834, and settled on section 35, of township 42, range 24, in what is now known as Springfield Township. The will reads as follows: I, Philip Cecil, of the county of Rives, and state of Missouri, do make and ordain this my last will and testament, in manner and form as follows: I bequeath to my wife Polly, one-third part of all my estate, both real and personal, during her natural life. I bequeath to my four daughters, viz: Allelia Trollinger, Penelope Cecil, Almira Surface and Anna Legg, two hundred dollars each, to be paid them as soon as the money can be collected out of the money owing and now due to me. The balance of my money I leave and bequeath to my four sons, viz: William W., John F., Sebastian J. and Philip W. Cecil. I will and devise that the best half of my stock, and of the produce of my farm be kept on my farm for the use of my family, and that the balance be sold, and the money arising therefrom be equally divided between my four daugh- ters, aforesaid. T further devise that out of the money above devised to my four sons, that so much be reserved as may be necessary to purchase the quarter section of land to which I now hold the right of pre-emption, for the use and benefit of my wife during her natural life, and at her decease to descend to my son Philip W. I also will and bequeath to my wife my negro boy, Huland, for ten years from this date, and then and thereafter to my son, William W. I devise that my farming utensils and tools of all kinds be kept for the use of the farm. I also devise and bequeath the money arising from the sale of my land in Virginia, to my four sons, to be divided equally among them, and likewise my share of the money coming to me out of my mother's estate. I do hereby appoint my wife, Polly Cecil, my executrix of this, my last will and testament, revoking all others. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 23d day of July, in the year of our Lord, 1836. his PHILIP X CECIL. [SEAL.] mark. Signed and sealed in presence of Joseph Montgomery and Cyrus V. Robinson. TRUST DEED. The first deed of record proved to have been a trust deed to secure what in those times was called a store debt. There are quite a number of these deeds of record for the years 1836-7. Deeds of real estate were few, for not many of the early settlers had secured their patents, and therefore when they squatted on the land their ability to sell was only their improvements and the desirability of their location. More or less of claims changed hands from year to year, for man is inclined to be a roving animal, and it at times requires a strong incentive to make him contented in one place for any length of time. However, this was HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 29 supposed in those days to have been " God's own country," and not many at this day will deny that it is one of the fairest spots to be found on this green earth, and very few who chanced to find a home upon the bountiful soil of Henry County ever cared to leave it. And this is found in the lives of so many old settlers living to-day, and the graves and names of all those who pioneered the advance guard of Henry County's stalwart sons and graceful and handsome daughters. Deeds of record for patents received began to come in more often in the year 1837. As above stated, the first deed of record was a trust deed upon personal property, and the following is a true copy: Know all men by these presents that I, John Anderson, for and in 'consideration of the sum of one dollar in hand, paid, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, hath bargained, sold and conveyed, and by these presents doth bargain, sell and convey unto George B. Woodson the following property, to wit: Three yoke of oxen, the lead oxen of the two yoke being red steers with white faces, and the third yoke being one a dark red and the other a black. The right and title to said prop- erty to the said Woodson I hereby warrant and forever defend. The condition of the above conveyance is such that, whereas, the above named John Anderson is justly indebted to Hall & Fletcher in the sum of fifty-one dollars and sixt}'-two cents, by bond bearing date August 24, 1836, and payable twelve months after date, and the said Anderson being desirous to secure the above named Hall & Fletcher in the aforesaid sum, hereby conveys and transfers to the said Woodson the above mentioned property, in trust, nevertheless. The said Wood- son, in case of the default on the part of the said Anderson, when required by said Hall & Fletcher, after said note becomes due, shall, after advertising the time and place of sale for thirty days previous, at three of the most public places in the County of Rives, proceed to sell to the highest bidder, for cash, the above property, or so much thereof as will be necessary to satisfy the debt aforesaid with interest, and pay over any balance, should any remain in the hands of the trustee, after satisfying the same, to the said Anderson. Now if the above named John Anderson shall well and truly pay and satisfy the above named Hall & Fletcher in the above mentioned debt as foresaid, then the above conveyance to be void, else, remain in full force and virtue. Test : his BENJAMIN X REYNOLDS. mark. JOHN ANDERSON. [seal.] GEO. B. WOODSON. [seal.] widow's dower and distribution of slaves. As years hence there may be a curiosity to know something of slaves and slave times, there is given below the distribution of the slaves of the estate of Reuben Parks, deceased, as an illustration of how slaves were generally held at the South. When the estate was unable to keep them the slaves generally were allowed to choose their master among ' 9 130 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. those wishing to purchase. In the case above the slaves, thirteen in number, were divided among the family, the widow having first choice, the children following according to their ages, or if they preferred, to settle it without. These slaves were valued as follows : Big Jim, $450; Little Jim, $600; Kesiah, $5CX); Grey, $425; Henry, $325; Harriet, $400; Ben, $300; Tabitha $200; Laban $175; Jack, $100; Fanny $450; Judy (old), 000. The widow, Mrs. Nancy Parks, had as her dower right one-third interest. She chose Grey, $425; Fanny $450, and Jack (the toddler) $100, She also took Judy and agreed to take care of her without charge. She was too old to work but she was given a good home the remainder of her life. The children selected, or divided the others among themselves, leaving just one for each of the children as his. It was all settled satisfactory and the returns made to the court. When one got the best he paid the other heirs the difference. P'or instance, the amount each was to have at the slave's valuation after the mother took her share was $368.75. Now Byrd Parks drew Little Jim, $600, and he paid the difference over ($368.75) to the other heirs, who took, say Henry at $325, or Laban valued at $175. The commissioners who had charge returned the report as above and it was approved. AN ORPHAN CARED FOR. The following order appears of record at the August term, 1846, and shows how they took care of the orphans in those early days. It reads: " Ordered that Elijah E. Gates, a poor child, without parents, guardian or estate, aged thirteen years on the i6th day of July, 1846, be bound to Asaph W. Bates until he shall arrive at the age of twenty-one years, and thereupon the said Bates came into court and entered into an indenture tha' he would instruct and teach the said Gates in the mys- teries of the trade of a blacksmith and such other employment as he may lawfully require of him, and that he will cause the said Gates to be taught to write and read and the ground rules of arithmetic, and at the expiration of the time of service will give him a new Bible, two new suits of clothes, to be worth $40, and $10 in the current money of the United States." CHAPTER V. OFFICIAL HISTORY— CULLINGS FROM THE COUNTY COURT RECORDS. WHEN RIVES BECAME A COUNTY— ACT OF ORGANIZATION- DATE DECEMBER 13, 1834- COUNTY SEAT COMMISSIONS— RIVES COUNTY BOUNDARY— COUNTY COURT AND COUNTY JUDGES— MUNICIPAL DIVISIONS- ST. CLAIR TOWNSHIP— FIRST SHERIFF, TREASURER, ETC.— COUNTY SEAT COMMISSIONER-NEW COURT HOUSE-SALE OF TOWN LOTS IN CLINTON-VALUATION AN D ASSESSMENT— FIRST SCHOOL DISTRICT —1837— SEVERAL ITEMS OF INTEREST— SALE OF SCHOOL LANDS. WHEN RIVES BECAME A COUNTY. The official history of Henry County may be said to date from the organization act of the legislature, December 13, 1834, yet in reality its actual date should commence on May 4, 1835, for it was on that day that the first official recognition of its existence was made. A county court convened, consisting of two members, and their acts on the two days of their session was the first official recognition. The act, however, of the general assembly of the State of Missouri gave to the people a corporate existence under the name of "Rives County," and the official life thus ordained has been worn with honor, and to the people has come prosperity and wealth. It is a magnificent domain, rich in an exhaustless soil. Wealth lies hidden beneath its sur- face to the extent of hundreds of square miles of coal fields, and with a climate unsurpassed, Henry County stands in the front of the muni- cipal division, which composes our great and glorious commonwealth. The act of organization: COUNTY OF RIVES. "An Act to organize the counties of Johnson and Rives, and to fix the southern boundary of Lafayette County." Of this act sections 7, 8 and 9 refer to the organization of Rives County, as follows: ORGANIZATION. All that portion of territory included in the following limits, is hereby erected into a separate and distinct county, to be called the County of Rives, in honor of Hon. William C. Rives, of Virginia,. to wit: 132 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Beginnings at the southwest corner of section 30, township 44, range 28, thence south along the line of Van Buren and Bates Counties to the northwest corner of St. Clair County; thence east along the north- ern line of St. Clair County to the range line between 23 and 24; thence north to the southeast corner of Johnson County; thence west to the place of beginning. Sec. 8. The said county of Rives shall be added to and compose a part of the Fifth Judicial Circuit, and that the circuit court for said county shall be held on the first Mondays of April, August and Decem- ber, until otherwise provided by law, and that the courts to be holden in said county shall be held at the house of llenry Avery, until the tribu- nal transacting county business shall fix upon a temporary seat of justice for said county; the county court of said county shall be holden on the first Mondays in February, May, August and November. Sec. 9. The commissioners appointed by the sixth section of this act, viz: Henderson Young and Daniel McDowell, of Lafayette County, and Daniel M. Boone, of the county of Jackson, for the purpose of selecting a seat of justice for the county of Johnson, are also authorized and appointed to make the selection for the seat of justice for the county of Rives, and are hereby invested with full powers agreeably to the pro- visions of the existing laws in relation to that subject. Approved December 13, 1834. At the same session of the general assembly, the boundary lines of St. Clair County were defined, but as the county was not then populous enough to warrant its organization as a distinct municipality, it was attached by special act of the legislature to the county of Rives, for civil and military purposes, until such time as it might of itself become an independent county. The act which made it a part of Rives County was passed February, 1835. This act reads as follows : '' Be it Enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri : " All that portion of the territory lying south of Rives County, west of Benton, now known by the name of St. Clair County, shall be attached to the county of Rives for all civil and military purposes, until otherwise provided by law." "Passed February ii, 1835." The following act defining the limits of the several counties of the state was passed by the general assembly at the session held in the win- ter of 1834-5, and was approved March 20, 1835. Section 38 of the act refers to Rives County, and gives the following boundary : . RIVES COUNTY. " Beginning at the southwest corner of section 30, township 44, range 28 ; thence south to the line between the townships 39 and 40 ; thence east to the line between ranges 23 and and 24; thence north to the southeast corner of Johnson County ; thence west to the beginning." HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 33 As will be seen by the act of organization, the county court was to meet on the first Mondays of February, May, August and November, but for some reason not explained, the first session of the county court was held in May, 1835, commencing on Monday the 4th, and met as directed in the organization act at the house of Henry Avery, At this session of the county court but two judges appeared instead of three, and no sheriff. The county judges were Thomas Arbuckle and William Goff. The clerk, Jonathan T. Berry, was appointed by the judges present. While under, of and a part of the civil jurisdiction of Lafayette County, Henry Avery was a justice of the peace of Tebo Township (spelled in those days Teabo) and William B. Price was con- stable. The above township comprised as far as we can learn the pres- ent Henry County. At least no other township is mentioned, and these gentlemen and early pioneers made their appearance at the first session of the county court, and then and there offered their resignations, which were accepted. The court then appointed George B. Woodson assessor and John G. Castleman constable, and this closed the first day's proceed- ings of the county court. On Tuesday morning, May 5, 1835, the county court proceeded to lay off the county of Rives into municipal townships. They divided the same into four and named them respectively Big Creek, Tebo, Spring- field and Grand River. {See map on Jiext pa^e.) At the same time the county of St. Clair was called the township of St. Clair, taking in the entire county. On the second day. May 5th, the first justice of the peace was appointed in place of Mr. Avery, resigned, and Mr. Colby T. Stevenson received the appointment. Not having any further business the court adjourned to court in course, and both signed the minutes, as also the clerk. THOMAS ARBUCKLE, WILLIAM GOFF, Jonathan T. Berry, Clerk. County Judges. These judges had received their commissions from Governor Daniel Dunklin. At the second meeting of the county court, three judges appeared, Joseph Montgomery having received his commission from the governor. At this session, also, Joseph Fields presented his commission as sheriff of Rives County. Neither of the county justices commissions are of record but that of the sheriff was duly recorded as was also his bond, approved by Charles H. Allen, circuit judgeof the Sixth Judicial Circuit. This second session of the county court, as also the first session of the circuit court, was held at the house of William Goff, nearly six miles from Mr. Henry Avery's. Just when the circuit court opened is hard to tell, the records of the first three years having been lost. But Judge Allen was '134 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. RIVES COUNTY, Range Lines. 44 28 27 2 6 25 24 43 i BIG CREEK TOWNSHIP. TEBO TOWNSHIP. IS c o 42^ 41 GRAND TOWN RIVER SHIP. SPRING TOWN FIELD SHIP. 40 39 ST. CLAIR COUNTY Under the Civil and Military 38 Jurisdiction of Rives County. 37 Named by Rives County Court ST. CLAIR TOWNSHIP. 36 The double lines divide townships. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. I35 • at Goff's, September 21, 1835, and it is to be presumed that he held court while there. The act of organization says that Henry County shall be attached to the Fifth Judicial Circuit. Whether it was an error or the number changed is not down, but Judge Allen signed his name as judge of the Sixth Judicial Circuit. There was also an adjourned meeting of the county court on the 23d of September, 1835, and the rate of taxation decided upon. The levy was ten cents on the $100, valuation. Twelve dollars for merchants license for six months, and ten cents on the $100 valuation of stock, peddlers to pay a license of $20 and taverns $18 per year. Each poll, or as they called it, tethable, thirty-one and a quarter cents. The county seat at GofTs was located on fractional section i, in township 42, of range 25. The assessment was reported by George B. Woodson and the levy made as above. Mr. Woodson received for his services as assessor that year, 1835, $54.50. ELECTION OF TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. The organization of the township required the election of officers, and the election took place in August, 1835. Those elected were Abra- ham Banta, constable, of Springfield Township ; Chesley Jones, in Tebo Township ; Philip Cecil, justice of the peace for Springfield Township. These were the only ones reported, but Colby T, Stevenson, still held the office of justice of the peace for Tebo. The September term of the county court, elected Joseph Mont- gomery as its presiding officer. Judge Montgomery came from St. Clair County, or Township, as it was then called, and after the organization of St. Clair County in 1841, became prominent in local affairs of the new county. They held a special election in St. Clair Township, October 24, 1835, for a justice of the peace and constable, and that was the first election ever held within that county. The County Court of Rives County, however, found that the one township composing the county covered too much space, concluded to make two townships out of it, and did so November 4, 1835. They were named respectively: Wau- bleau and Monegaw. The first was spelled Wablaw and afterwards Waeubleau, but we believe it is now spelled as first used above, " Waubleau." Range line 25 divided the two townships, the east being called Waubleau and the west Monegaw. November 28, 1835, Joseph Fields ajfpointed Nathan A. Fields his deputy, and the appointment received the approval of Judge Charles H. Allen, judge of the Sixth Judicial Circuit. The judge had also approved the appointment of Fielding A. Pin- nell as circuit clerk pro tempore. This latter was of record September 21, 1835. 136 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. There was no general election, it seems, held in August, 1835. Joseph Fields' commission of sheriff was dated August 4 of that year, and the county court appointed some of the justices and consta- bles. The sixteenth section of township 42 of range 26 was the first school lands sold in Rives County. They were ordered sold at the April term of the circuit court, and the order of sale dated February i, 1836. Sec- tion 16, township 40 of range 25 was sold in November. At this term of the court (February) William Goff resigned as one of the county jus- tices and was appointed by the court county treasurer, which he held until August, 1837, when he resigned. Joseph Montgomery was appointed county surveyor, which he held until St. Clair County was organized. He did not, however, resign his county judgeship. In May, 1836, a slight change was made in the line between town- ships Grand River and Springfield. The first road laid out in the county was in the same month, and started at the Johnson County line, "near, or at the high point of Postoaks, and then to a point designed as the county seat of Rives County, thence south through the county of St. Clair, crossing the Osage Mission at or near Crow & Crutchfield's store, to the county line of Polk County in the direction of Bolivar." Willis Bush and David White were appointed overseers of the part in Rives county. Phillip Cecil, a justice of the peace, died in July, 1836, which is the first death of record, and whose will was recorded. His wife, Polly Cecil, was administratrix, and Cyrus C. Robertson and Samuel Garth were appointed to examine and invoice the effects of the estate. Russel Morgan was the second death, and probate action taken by the court. The probate court was a part of the county court in this county until 1872, but the county court, after the year 1856, kept the records in separate books. The early probate business will all be found in the county court records previous to the above date. Peyton Parks was appointed assessor for the year 1833, and the tax levy was the same as that of 1835. DEATH OF JOSEPH FIELDS. The death of the sheriff, Joseph Fields, left Nathan A. Fields acting sheriff for a few months, until the August election of 1836, when Robert Allen was elected. The sheriff and collector's ofifice was one and the same until 1872, when the collector's office was attached to the treas- urer's. Jonathan T. Berry, county clerk, presented his resignation of that office to the county court at the August term, 1836, and Fielding A. Pinnell received the appointment. Mr. Pinnell held the office for sev- enteen years. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 137 In the meantime the county seat question had been agitated and settled, the commissioners having made their report. The report was accepted at the November term of the court, 1836. The location selected was the southeast quarter of section 3, town- ship 41, of range 26. The county court appointed Peyton Parks county seat commissioner, or county commissioner for the permanent seat of justice of Rives County. Mr. Parks was given full power to lay off the town, to sell lots and to do any and all things necessary in such cases made and provided. Mr. Parks laid off sixty-four lots, and the streets surrounding the public square. That is, under his direction James M. Goff surveyed the grounds, fixed the stakes, and Goff's assistants were James Gladden, Robert Sproul and William George, the two latter car- rying the chains and otherwise assisting. Mr. Goff received $42.75 for the survey, the three last named $3.50 each, and Mr. Parks came in for $17.25 for selling lots at the first sale, which came off in February, 1837. Mr. Parks and John F. Sharp sold of the first survey lots to the amount of $1,356.48. The next move was for a court house, and John F. Sharp, then county judge, and Thomas B. Wallace, who had succeeded William Goff as treasurer, on the latter's resignation, were appointed superintendents with full powers to plan and contract for a new court house. After the above order it was some months before the county court looked after the patent for the quarter section of land upon which the county seat was located. The land had been surveyed and platted, lots sold, etc., and so the following order was made and placed upon the record: " That John F. Sharp be appointed agent for and in behalf of the county of Rives, to deposit with the register and receiver, at Lexington^ $200 for the purpose of obtaining a pre-emption right to the quarter sec- tion of land on which the town of Clinton — the seat of justice for Rives County has been located. And it is further ordered, that said county pay said agent $2.50 for each day he may be necessarily engaged in transacting said business." Judge Sharp rendered a bill of $12.50. It was not until December, 1837, that Messrs. Sharp and Wallace were able to report on the plan for the new court house. The location having been submitted and approved and a brick structure decided upon, the county court made the following order and placed it upon the record. COURT HOUSE APPROPRIATION. " It is therefore ordered that the sum of $2,500 be and is hereby appropriated by the court for the purpose of building a brick couit house in the said town of Clinton and county of Rives, and that the said com- missioners be authorized and vested with full powers to offer the letting of said building for the lowest and best bid which can be had, after giv- ing public notice of the time and place of offering the same. 138 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The contract to build the court house was let in January, 1838, to John D. Mercer, to be completed within eighteen months from the sign- ing of the contract, and the cost of construction to be divided into three equal payments — the first two in six and twelve months, and the last payment when the court hoVise was finished and accepted by the court. Judge Sharp was also appointed county commissioner for the perma- nent seat of justice, with full power to sell and collect notes and make deeds in the name of the county. Judge Sharp held this position until 1844, when he resigned. The lots in the first plat having mostly been sold, another survey was ordered, and in March, 1838, the new addition was placed upon the market by Commissioner Sharp, Joseph Montgomery having surveyed the ground, for which he received the sum of $12. The report of this sale, like the others, was probably filed away, and the names of the pur- chases and prices paid can only be told by producing that paper. There was one lot sold at private sale of record. That was to George W. Lake, and he paid the munificent sum of $8 for the choice lot No. 89, " sup- posed to contain a half acre of ground." John F. Sharp, who was appointed to go to Lexington, Missouri, to enter the selected land for the county seat at the land office, and secure a United States patent, made his report. Lots had been sold ranging from $4 to $5, but only certificates of purchase given. Judge Sharp reported to the county court that he had entered the quarter section of land at the land office at Lexington December 12th, 1837. There is really very few of the early records that are satisfactory in many important points. For instance, the census of Rives County was ordered taken in 1836, and the sheriff, Robert Allen, performed the work, but the only record of his work is the account the sheriff made out against the county of $35.00 "for taking the census of Rives County," and the account was ordered paid. What the populatien was may have been known at the time, but it is not known at this day, nor is it of record. It is so in numerous instances in the enumeration of children of school age. They were taken years before any account was published of their number. The county court acted upon the theorj' in those days that these items were for their knowledge, to carry out their sworn duty, but that posterity had nothing to do with it, and so when they got the information and used it, that was the end of it. It is possible that in some hidden corner ot some old rickety building which answered for a court house in those primeval days, that a scrap of foolscap paper might be found with these figures upon it, but the probability is, the)' went to light the old clay pipe, or a fire. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 39 REMOVAL OF THE COUNTY SEAT. Soon after the sale of lots had been effected, the order came for the county and circuit courts to be held at Clinton, and the "House of Goff" was thenceforward shorn of its honor as the county seat of Rives County. There wasn't much of a show for a court house, or a house to hold court in, at Clinton, but Mr. George W. Lake was authorized to find some kind of a building to hold court in, and have it ready by the May term, 1837, of the county court, and that term was held in Clinton, being the first county court at the permanent seat of justice of Rives County. The last, or February term, at Goff's, was a memorable one, as it planned out most of the work which resulted in a new court house, and also organ- ized a more thorough system for the management of county affairs. It might, perhaps, be just to say, that the officials were learning more thor- oughly their duties, and the manner of carrying them out. At this last, or February term, at Goff's, came the commissioners who had performed the onerous duty of locating the county seat, and presented their little bills. Messrs. Young and McDowell, of Lafayette County, thought about $12 each would satisfy their yearning for the currency of the realm, while Mr. Boone, of Jackson, called for $14, as a remuneration for the important services he had rendered as one of the founders, you might say, of this beautiful city of Clinton, a gem that lies upon the fair bosom of the prairies of Henry County, a city of fine business blocks, beautiful residences and grounds, and last but not least, a generous, open-hearted and hospitable people. Such a prospect as is now presented to the eye was but dimly seen or felt by the old pioneers, but they paid the bills of the commissioners promptly, and probably with thanks. At least they were done with a peripatetic court house, and had come to the beautiful city of the dim and distant future to stay. That, at least, was enough to be thankful for. The first county pauper was also evolved at this time from the haunts of poverty, and came before the court to be taken care of as a county charge. He was a blind man named George Manship, and his offer to become a charge upon the county was gracefully accepted by the county court under the circumstances. Whether the county court used James B. Sears' house as a court room in May or not is not of record, but in June they did, and he got $6 rent. It is more than likely that covered the rent of both sessions. At all events, Mr. Littleberry Kimsey offered to furnish a house from the fol- lowing November for thirteen months at the rate of $50 per annum. Just what the thirteen months meant was not stated, but it was proba- bly that that date was the completion of the new court house. The proposition was accepted. 140 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. There was a slight change in taxation in the year 1837, increasing on valuation and made it less on poll. The rates decided on were i6| cents on the $100 valuation, 25 cents poll, merchants' license $12 to state and $12 to county for six months, peddlers $20 for six months, taverns $10 to state and $5 to county for one year, and groceries to state and county each $5 per year. The first school district organized in the county was in the fall of 1837 as District No. i in township 42 of range 26, and from that date the selling of school lands and the organization of school districts com- menced, and from this foundation has arisen the magnificent system and liberal management of the schools of the present day. Our forefathers built well and laid a solid foundation for the intellectual advancement and moral progress of the people of to-day. But the school history of Henry County will be found fully written up under its own proper head- ing in another place, and will therefore call our readers' attention to it then. It will be found interesting reading to those who take pride in the intellectual advancement of the people generally and of the youths of the present day. THE COUNIY SEAT. Clinton seemed to grow and prosper. There was not in its location or afterwards, which happened to many other county seats, that was a county seat fight. There were no towns of importance in the county, and the only rivalry possible was in the ownership of land near the center of the county, but even that was denied them, as the land was only just opened for market, and not enough people to purchase all the land available for a county site. So when Clinton was located she had no rivals, her location prevented rivalry afterwards. Being so near the center, all she had to do was to grow and prosper. In August of 1837, a patrol was appointed. About this time William GofT resigned the ofifice of county treasurer, and Thomas B. Wallace was appointed. A tavern was built and a license to keep it was granted to John Nave, he paying $10 to the state and $5 to the county for the privilege. This was Clinton's first hotel. The August election came off as usual, but a special election was held at the town of Clinton on the 23rd of November, 1837, to elect a justice of the peace. This was the first held there. He was to have jurisdiction over Grand River Township. The county court, after paying Mr. Sears $6 for court house favors, as before mentioned, removed their court house to a building furnished by Robert Sprawl. He got $15 rent, but how long it was used was not stated. Another slight change took place in the township lines, and this time it was between Grand River and Big Creek. Mr. Matthew Davis wanted HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. I4I to be in Grand River Township, and by the order of the court he got there. The next thing to a road in those early days was a way to get across the large streams when the ford could not be used. This was accomplished by ferries, and the first one started in Henry or Rives County was by Edward Mulholland, who was granted a license to keep a ferry across Grand River on section 9, township 40, of range 25, he pay- ing $2 to the state for the privilege, the county charging nothing. The rates for ferriage was, for a man, 6 cents; man and horse, 12 cents; one horse wagon, 25 cents; two horse wagon, 31 cents; four horses and wagon, 50 cents, and hogs, sheep and cattle, 4 cents each. The first sale of slaves of record was those belonging to the estate of B. Cox, which took place in February, 1838, the family generally pur- chasing them. The sale was ordered to settle the estate. From May I2th, 1838, to May 12th, 1839, the sum of $72.50 was paid to John Parks for the use of his house to hold court in. This was quite an advance over the year before, but then John Parks' house might have been larger than the others. This was the fourth change of location since the seat of justice had been pervianently located. There was another sale of lots at auction March 22 and 23, 1838, on a credit of nine months. This time was given in place of the twelve months given at a previous sale, but it was done to help meet the second payments on the court house which would become due about that time. The sale of lots amounted to $315- Some $11 worth, or two lots were sold in August, and in March, 1839, another sale footed $156. On the previous or first sale of lots on twelve months reported at $1,356.18, the time was up, $736.04 was paid in and the remainder of the notes were renewed. Mr. Goff, who had handed in his resignation as treasurer of Rives County some months before, presented his account for services rendered. He had been acting treasurer for over a year and he thought he was entitled to $40.32. and seeing he had waited nearly a year before presenting his account, it was promptly passed and a warrant issued for the full amount. This warrant was worth its face as a tax paying cur- rency and somewhere in the neighborhood of seventy-five cents on the dollar in store goods. But the farmers soon got to understand that these warrants, like the greenbacks of to-day, were their own issue, that there was good property behind them, and that a little bit of reasoning advanced them to par and kept them there. The first coroner's inquest was on the body of Peggy Givens, whose body was found on the road leading to her home. Exposure and appo- plexy was supposed to have caused her death. The coroner's fees and burial expenses, except coffin, amounted to $6.80. A justice of the peace acted as coroner. The year 1839 ushered in numerous changes, and there were many new settlers who found their homes here. Not all had gone to the beau- 142 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. tiful Indian lands known as the " Platte Purchase," but many found the splendid prairies of Henry, with their deep, rich soil, good enough for them, and that if there were richer lands than what they had before their eyes others might go and find them, as for^them they were satisfied. There is no mistake about it; the solid progress that Henry County had made, both in wealth and population, in less than a decade from the set- tlement of Arbuckle, Avery, Parks, Cecils, Goffs and others — from 1831. 1832 and 1833 to the year 1840 — had been the equal of any similar area of land in the state, only excepting the wild rush of 1837-8 to the above mentioned " Platte Purchase" in Northwest Missouri. Yet large bodies of this land went into the hands of speculators, and therein it proved more of a curse than a blessing to that section of the state. The county building was progressing. Judge Sharp had his hands full attending to county seat matters and had to resign his superintend- ency of the court house building. Mr. Matthew Davis was called on to take his place, and Messrs. Wallace and Davis remained commissioners until the completion of the work. In addition to a new court house a public well was considered a great public convenience, and two of the public-spirited citizens of Clinton offered to the county court to sub- scribe $100 towards a well if the county would put up a like amount. The names of these gentlemen were Asaph W. Bates and Thomas B. Wallace. The county court was a pretty shrewd trio of old farmers and they promptly accepted the proposition, but coupled it with the follow- ing proviso: " If the well did not cost $200 the county would pay its share or half what it did cost, and Bates and Wallace were to pay the other half." They did not propose to subscribe $roo anyway, in case the well should not cost the full amount. The contract was let, and a guarantee clause of plenty of water and the well walled up with rock and every- thing in good order added, Messrs. Bates and Wallace agreeing to the economy proviso of the court. The well proved of great convenience. There had been numerous ferry privileges granted, but it seems there was one needed across Grand River, on the road leading from Clinton to Harmony Mission, in Bates County, which had not found a keeper. Such being the case the county court offered to any one who would take charge and keep said ferry at the point designated, extra prices for ferriage. These were for a four horse team and loaded wagon, $1.50; the same empty, $1; two horse wagon, 50 cents; man and horse, 25 cents; horses and mules, 12 cents per head, and sheep and hogs, 6 cents. Who accepted this most liberal offer was not recorded. This year also showed great activity in the schools. There were some five or six sections of these lands sold, generally* at the govern- ment price of $1.25 per acre. Some few choice lots would go higher, if the owners adjoining wished to enlarge their landed estate- CHAPTER VI. RIVES DISGRACED AND HENRY CROWNED-LET US HAVE A LAW SUIT. FAILED TO MATERIALIZE-COUNTY FAIR-WHAT IT COST— CEDAR TOWNSHIP— MORE TOWNSHIPS-DtEP WATER-ST. CLAIR AND HENRY -RIVES TO HENRY- SOME REFLECTIONS-DRAM SHOP— PROPOSING A SUIT- VALUATION AND ELECTION- ITEMS-HALF SHEET OF FOOLSCAP— THE FIRST BRIDGE-OSAGE RIVER ASSOCIA- 'lION-4626 9;-TO REPAIR COURT HOUSE, $i.5oo-NO PROBATE COURT-PROGRESS. FAILED TO MATERIALIZE. It was as early as 1839 that the farmers of Henry County first took up the idea of forming an agricultural society, and the county court granted an order for an election for the purpose of organization. What became of it, or what it amounted to, is not known. This was in Feb- ruary. The matter slumbered then for two and a half years, and then the same identical order was made at the August term of the court in 1841. It seemed to have then slept the sleep that knows no waking, for it slumbered no less than seventeen years. In 1858 the first agricultural fair was held in Henry County, but it came near being a success a year sooner. In the meantime the court house was approaching completion. Two payments had been made, and in August, 1839, the contractor reported his work done. The commissioners reported that the same was com- pleted, "except the circular glass over the door, and a bar across the south door." The county court accepted the report of the commission- ers, and ordered the payment of $833.33, when the two little matters spoken of were attended to. The court took a look at the building, which seemed to satisfy them, and they felt that their dignity would not be compromised when they took possession of the building, but what clearly filled their souls with horror was the debris which surrounded this stately edifice, (which is now an ejtesore to the aesthetic culture of the present day). The court thought it knew itself and its proper standing in society, and promptly withheld $25 of the contractor's pay until he cleared that stuff away, and the surroundings were such as would not disgrace them or detract from the handsome appearance of 144 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. their new temple of justice. The court house completed cost $2,565, without the commissioners' salaries who superintended its construction. The $65 being for extra work in changing the roof. In the last payment the county fell short in funds to the amount of $713.70 and the majority of the court decided to borrow it from the road and canal fund. Judge Kimsey promptly dissented, saying that that fund could not be legally used for any such purpose. That it could only be used for roads and canals, and be loaned out expressly for the increase of the road and canal fund. The majority of the court. Judge John F. Sharp, and Judge Francis Parazette, admitted that Judge Kimsey was right, and they at once borrowed the money, themselves giving their notes, with a majority of the county court as their security, in the name of the County of Rives. They then handed the mone}' over to the commissioners to settle up in the manner and exceptions before noted. CEDAR TOWNSHIP. The territory south of St. Clair County was also a part of the terri- tory of Rives, or rather under its civil and military jurisdiction, but there were few settlers and the distance so great that it had not, up to this time, appeared in the proceedings of the Rives County Court. The first settler was believed to have been John Crisp, who settled on Sac River, near the center of the county, and where afterwards the Montgomery & Dunnegan Mill was erected. He afterwards moved south in Dade County, on what was afterwards called Crisp's Prairie, but still in Cedar Township. The organization of this territory into a township was done by an order of the court in February, 1840. The territory included in this township covered all the territory now known as Cedar, Dade, and Lawrence Counties. The following is the order of organization made at the above date : " Ordered by the court that an additional township be laid off z« this cotinty to be called Cedar Township, as follows : Bounded south by the county of Newton, east by Polk, west by Bates and north by the south boundary of township 37, of ranges Nos. 27 and 28." This order seemed to have swung around to the west and taken in Jasper and Barton Counties as w^ell. None of these counties were organized at that time. Bates County included Vernon, and Jasper being organized first included Barton, the latter county not being taken off of Jasper until 1855. The other counties, Dade and Jasper, were organized in 1841, Cedar in 1843, ^"^ Lawrence in 1845. So Cedar Township began to be curtailed of her immense proportions soon after her organization as a township. John G. Williams was appointed a justice of the peace for Cedar Township. There was an election in August for a constable and Mr. Stephen R. Wright was elected. He HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. I45 brought the returns of that election of Cedar County to the Henry- County Court and received $5 for bringing them. He traveled some 150 miles, required about a week's time, paid his own expenses and received the above munificient remuneration. Some of our official friends who claim the title of constable would hardly go across the street for such pay at this day. This election was held at the mill of John G. Williams, and the judges of the first election were Obediah Smith, William Ains- worth and John G. Williams. As St. Clair County was the next year, 1841, organized out of that part lying immediately south, Rives County had no further jurisdiction, and St. Clair, with her two townships of Waubleau and Monegaw, was then an independent municipality. MORE TOWNSHIP, SALARY. Up to this time Rives County had consisted of but four municipal divisions, viz.: Big Creek and Grand River on the west, and Tebo and Springfield on the east. It was decided to make another township to be called "Deepwater" and this was done by taking the territory off of the south part of Grand River. It was and is the southwest township in the county. Deepwater Township line was slightly changed in Feb- ruary, 1841, and again varied a little in an order dated May 2, 1842. Prior to the year 1840 the justices of the county court received one dollar and fifty cents a day for their services, that is, for services actually performed. In the beginning of the year 1840 the justices allowed them- selves $2 per day for each day's attendance at court. The census of 1840 was taken by the sheriff but what number of inhabitants Henry or Rives County had was not entered of record, but will be given under the head of population. It took the sheriff, Phillip J. Buster, sixty-five days to complete his work and his compensation was $97.50, or $1.50 a day. There was little change going on. The county seemed to grow and prosper, keep out of debt and pay promptly its bills. ST. CLAIR AND HENRY. The people of St. Clair County believing that their population was sufficient, and that they were capable of managing their own affairs, petitioned the general assembly for an act of organization to become a full sister in the galaxy of counties, and castoff the clothing of a depend- ent. The petitioner was received by the legislature and acted upon Jan- uary 29, 1841, and henceforth she was free, and allowed to " paddle her own canoe " in a manner which to her seemeth best. At this same session of the general assembly Rives County became a thing of the past, and Henry County succeeded to the title, interests and emoluments of all that was once, but never to be again, Rives County. 10 146 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. In 1840, the Hon. John C. Rives, of Virginia, became a Whig in pol- itics, and as Rives County was a strongly Democratic one, was named after the distinguished Virginian, because of his fame and his Democ- racy. On learning he had been false to his faith, and had wandered from the " true fold," the people became exasperated and decided to change the name of the county from Rives to Henry, this last in honor of the great oratorical light of the American Revolution of 1776, Patrick Henry. In the legislature of 1841, the people secured the passage of the following: "AN ACT TO CHANGE THE NAME OF RIVES COUNTY. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, as folloivs : Section i. That all that portion of country bounded as follows, to wit : Beginning at the southwest corner of section 30, township 44, of range 28 ; thence south, to the line between townships 39 and 40 ; thence east, to the line between ranges 23 and 24; thence north to the southeast corner of Johnson County ; thence west to the beginning, shall compose the county of Henry. Sec. 2. All laws in force relating to the county of Rives shall be construed to apply, in all respects, to the county of Henry, and all acts and things done and performed, and contracts made, or which may be done or made, before the first day of September next, in the name of the county of Rives, shall be as valid and binding in that county and all others, as if made or done in the name of the county of Henry; and all matters and business which is commenced, or which shall before the said first day of September, be commenced in the name of the county of Rives, shall be continued in the name of the County of Henry, and all officers, civil or military, appointed, or to be appointed for the county of Rives, shall be deemed and taken to be appointed for the county of Henry, and are hereby authorized to act as such. Sec. 3. All courts, heretofore established and directed by law to be held in the county of Rives, shall in all respects apply to the county of Henry. Approved February 15, 1841." This act to take eftect from and after its passage. It was because of the apostacy of the Hon. William C. Rives to his political faith, which had been Democratic, who turned and had become a follower of Henry Clay, that caused the name of Rives County to be changed to Henry, and the deliberate treachery of Martin Van Buren to General Lewis Cass and the Democratic party, caused the name of the adjoining county of Van Buren to be changed to Cass. A man may change his politics and his party without in any way affecting either his honesty or his manhood, if that change is from per- sonal conviction, but when attempting to carry out a spirit of revenge, or to secure the power and spoils of office, they are simply traitors to' party, and but an apology for true manhood. So we have here in this changing of names in counties lying side by side a proof that the spirit HISTORY OK HENRY COUNTY. I47 and conceptions of the people, at h(hurt, are right, and that treachery will receive condign punishment at theirl^ands in every case. Farewell, Rives, welcome Henry. And we trust that in after time, if the occasion should arise, that this name may arouse in the hearts of the people the spirit of true patriotism and love of liberty, as his magic voice and inspired words, "Give me liberty, or give me death," shook the halls of congress in the crisis of American liberty, and brought forth that great "Declaration of Independence," which has ever since been the beacon light of hope, no longer deferred, to the oppressed of all nations and climes. And those inspired words aroused congress to action and gave courage and hope to the already battle scarred heroes of many bloody fields, and if in the recall of this name it shall inspire our people to action and deeds of heroic valor, all will be well. They can tell their children of him, and of the great war of Independence, and to cherish in their memories the trials and the valor of the heroes of 1776, and to emulate their deeds and virtues. If this is done the future of Henry County will never be imperilled by armed foes. The organization of St. Clair County required from Henry a settle- ment of its affairs, and an account of Henry County's stewardship while under its jurisdiction. The principal item was that of the school fund, some of the sixteenth section having been sold under the direction of the county court of this county. The court made an order at once to find out the amount of funds in its hands, money,.notes, &c., and to turn the same over to the representative duly authorized to receive the same of St. Clair County. DRAMSHOPS. The groceries, or the general stores, had held a monopoly of the liquor traffic since the organization of the county, there being no regu- lar licensed saloon in the county up to May, 1841. On May 3, Preston Wise presented a petition for a dramshop license, as it was then called, and he secured the coveted prize for six months, by paying to the col- lector of the county $15 to the state and $22.50 to the county, and the advalorem tax on each. This license was for a saloon in Clinton, and at the same time M. Arbuckle and Sabine Jones received licenses for dram- shops in Henry County. They paid the same fee for the same length of time, six months. The license granted to Matthew Arbuckle was to go to Tebo Town- ship as then organized and was said to have been located at Calhoun. The other license, the place was not mentioned. It was to open a dram- shop in Henry County. From this time on for several years licenses were granted to all who applied. There were in later years some oppo- sition and Grand River Township was the first to oppose the granting of licenses for dramshops in their township. iI48 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. PROPOSING A SUIT. At the May term, May 4, 1841, the foUowinc^ appeared of record: "Jonathan T. Berry, one of the justices of this court, submitted the following for the consideration of the court, viz.: Whereas, the legis- lature, by an act passed lOth February, 1835, entitled an act concerning the road and canal fund, among other things provided: If by any order of any county court, any part of the fund shall be misapplied to objects other than roads, bridges and canals, the members of the court present at the time of making the order and consenting thereto shall be indi- vidually liable for the amount so misapplied, and the same may be •recovered by suit in the name of the county for the use of the said fund; and it appearing from the report of the treasurer of this county that $1,226.30 has been used by the county for other purposes than those pro- vided in said act; I, as one of the justices of the county court of Henry County, move said court to enter suit for the recovery thereof" "And after mature consideration thereon by the court the said -motion was overruled." Exactly, there were two against one and the "protest" got the 'benefit of a record. Over $700 of this fund went to pay the last pay- ment on the court house of which two former judges. Sharp and Para- zette, gave their individual note to the fund for security. Judge Berry, lin the abstract was right, but it was scarcely just. • VALUATION — ELECTION. The assessed valuation of Henry County was first placed upon -record in 1842. It then footed up $197,059. There were also 505 polls. The assessed value of 1845, which was the next found placed upon the record, was $35 1,308, almost double in four years. The first school township organized in the county was in Novem- ber of 1842, being in congressional township 43, range 26. Mr. William Akens was appointed school commissioner. At the election in August, 1841, William R. Owen and Phflip J. Buster were candidates for the office of sheriff and collector. Buster got the certificate and Owen at once entered a protest, and contested the election. The suit was decided in favor of Owen, who took possession January i, 1842, Mr. Buster retaining the office only a little more than three months. But the peculiarity of the case came out when Mr. Owen ■coolly brought in his bill against the county, of $161.43, ^.s the amount it cost him, as he said, to secure his just rights. The county court slightly demurred to this, in fact refused downright to pay a penny of it. This, of course, precipitated matters, and Mr. Owen's attorney promptly asked for a writ of mandamus, to compel the county court to fork over the money for this bill of costs. This seemed to the court a pretty hard case, and they called in their legal adviser and consulted HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 149- upon the course to be pursued, and it was thought best to join issue and let the circuit court try the case. They made the following rejoinder : " The county court of Henry County, in answer to said writ of man- damus for cause of non-payment of the sums certified to be paid, say, that the cost accrued in the contested election between William R. Owen and Phillip J. Buster, for the sheriffalty of said county, to which suit the county nor this court was a party, nor, as the court conceives,, are in any way interested in the event thereof, therefore they conceive that they are neither equitably or legally bound to levy the same upon the county for payment. Whicli answer is ordered to be certified to the" circuit court." The suit was decided, nevertheless, against the county, and they" paid the $[61.43, ^"d as the judgment added, "the cost of this suit." There was still a sale of lots going on in the town of Clinton. Now and then a purchaser would come forward, and the prices would go right- up. Lots 107 and 108 were sold for $9 each; five years before they could have been bought for $5. The cheapest sale seems to have been ten- acres in the southwest part of the town, which were sold to Asa C. Mar- vin for $15. Among the incidents of that time was the residence and death of a' soldier of the war of 1812, living in Henry County, and also the parents- of several others, who had died or been killed in battle while in the United States service. William Baylis, a revolutionary soldier, died in" this county June 18, 1843. He was from Kentucky, and had been a lieu- tenant in the army of the revolution of 1876. He had received a pen- sion of $320 a year from 1831, although the law was not passed until^ 1833. This sum was divided into two semi-annual payments. HALF SHEET OF FOOLSCAP, It is a notorious fact, a fact that has been handed down to us from' generation to generation, because instilled into our minds by practice and precept, that our ancestors were a penurious race in the use of paper,, and there is not a particle of doubt but what the very justices who made the following order were in their home life as careful of the scraps of paper as those who came into court with a petition on the back of an old letter or on a blank page of some old book, or still worse, a scrap of paper torn off some sheet of foolscap not over an inch wide, to bring into court an account, a report or a petition. However that may be, the court, whether they practiced economy in the matter of paper or not were heartily tired of receiving such scraps, which were too small to hie or keep in any respectable shape for reference, and made this order: "It is ordered that all papers presented to this court hereafter must be on not less than a half sheet of foolscap paper, and that the court will not act on no paper less in size than the above, notes, receipts and- vouchers of settlement of estates excepted." 150 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. THE FIRST BRIDGE. The first bridge of any account built in Henry County was started in the fall of 1845 and completed in May, 1846. It cost $1,470, and the contractor was to keep it in good repair for two years. Fifteen hundred dollars had been appropriated. The bridge was built across Grand River at a place known as the " Big Ripple," on the road leading from Clinton to Harmony Mission, in Bates County. ITEMS. Another well was built in the court house yard, completed February, 1845. Judge John F. Sharp delivered the patent for the quarter section of land on which Clinton was located, to the county court in November, 1844. That patent, however, is not of record, nor does any one at this day know what has become of it. A debtor and credit account was ordered to be kept, and the county clerk was charged to keep it, so the court could tell the condition of the county finances at any time. The clerk of the county court showed up his financial reports of receipts and disbursements for the fiscal year ending May, 1847. The county had run behind, or had fallen in debt just $47.56. All the lots in Clinton, not sold, were ordered to be, either by pri- vate or public sale, as the commissioner might see fit. Thomas B. Wallace resigned the treasurership February, 1846. He had been treasurer for nearly nine years. There was on hand, the first day of May, 1846, the sum of $3,730.64, belonging to the road and canal fund. The first fence around the court house square was to include one acre of ground. John Sweeny took the contract to build it. Henry County joined what was called the "Osage River Associa- tion," and paid $626.95 for the privilege. The court then turned over the share that Henry County held in the Osage River to the state, and declined to invest any more. The Mexican war commenced in 1846. It cost $350 to keep the court house in repairs from the time it was erected up to 1848. First mention of the issue of county warrants was in 1850; $991.95 had been taken in for taxes by the collector. The delinquent lists of all kinds, real and personal, for 1854, was only $44.83. Andrew M. Tutt made the first plat of the township of Henry County in 1853. There were seven in all. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 151 The first school commissioner of the county was George W. Miner, who was appointed in November, 1864. The sum allowed for the treasurer, salary, from 1848, for several years, was $80. It was then raised to $100, and kept at that for several years. The field notes of Henry County were purchased in 1853, for the sum of $40. In 1853 $1,500 was appropriated to improve and finish off the court house. Benjamin F, Owen offered to put up a well house over the old well on the southeast corner of the public square, if the county court would grant him an exclusive lease of it for fifteen years. Mr. Owen got it. It was this same year that the temperance element out voted the dramshops in Grand River Township, they getting an order that no dramshops should be licensed in that township for twelve months, end- ing May, 1854. Persons who turned their cows in the court house yard were fined $2.50. NO PROKATE COURT. All the probate business of Henry County had been transacted by the county court, and in many other counties of the state they had done the same. In fact, there was little of it done outside of large cities, by any other officers than county court justices. A law was passed, how- ever, in the winter of 1848-9 by the general assembly in session, known as a " Probate act," appointing a judge and defining his duties. This act was left optional with the people of the several counties of the state to accept or reject the law, which was to take effect only on receiving a majority of the qualified voters of the county. Henry County did not seem ro take much interest in the matter, and though it was voted upon at the annual August election (1849), only a light vote was polled. The vote for a separate probate court was returned and showed ninety-eight votes in favor of the new court and ninety-one against it. The majority of the county court at once decided that the vote was a failure, that a majority of the qualified voters of Henry County had not voted in its favor, and consequently there was no probate court in Henry County, nor was there any for many years after, or until 1872. Justices C. C. Bronaugh and Johnathan T. Berry decided that as the act did not say that "a majority of the qualified voters voting in its favor, etc., but a majority of the qualified voters of the county, so read the law." To this view of the case Justice John VanHoy dissented, but he was a minority, and that ended the business. It was thought that it was less expensive to the people to keep matters as they were. 152 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. PROGRESS, i There was considerable increase in the population of the county, and immigrants came in in groups and formed settlements. The major- ity were still from the southern states. The township grew so that two of them, Tebo and Grand River, were each divided into two voting pre- cincts, the order of the court being here given: At the July term, 1856, Tebo Township was divided into two voting precincts, the boundaries of which were as follows : "Precinct No. i to include all that part of Tebo Township on the east side of the road running from the township line near William A. Gray's to Calhoun; thence following the road to the high point of Tebo by way of A. Atkins, and that the poll books for said precinct be opened at the church in Calhoun." "Precinct No. 2 to include all that part of Tebo Township lying on the west side of the road running from the township line near William A. Gray's to Calhoun; thence following the road to the high point of Tebo, by way of A. Atkins, and that the polls be opened at M. Arbuckle's store in Calhoun." At the same term of the court and date the township of Grand River was also divided into two voting precincts, known as Nos. i and 2, and their metes and boundaries were described as follows: " Beginning at a point on the line between Henry and St. Clair Counties, where the road leading from Osceola to Clinton crosses the same; running from thence along said road to Clinton, and from Clinton along the main road to the Grand River bridge. All that portion of said township south of said road shall be known as Precinct No. i, and the poll books for said precinct be opened at Major Marvin's office in Clinton. "And all that portion of said township lying north of said road shall be known as Precinct No. 2, and the poll books for said precinct shall open at the court house." CHAPTER VII. JAILS— ELECTION— FINANCES— TOWNSHIPS. A NEEDED INSTITUTION— FINANCIAL AND OTHERWISE— RESOLUTION OF THANKS- PATENT OFFICE AND AGRICULTURAL REPORTS-ELECTION OF 1858, THE FIRST OF RECORD— RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE^— NINE VOTING PRECINCTS IN i860— TOWNSHIP BOUNDARIES, AUGUST, i860— THE GREAT CHANGE-FINANCIAL DEPRESS- ION—EXHIBIT—DELINQUENTS OF 1861 TO 1864-TAXATION— LEVY, COLLECTIONS AND DELINQUENCIES FROM 1865 TO 1870— ITEMS. A NEEDED INSTITUTION. Henry County had been pretty free from criminally inclined people, but a jail at last became a necessity and one was accordingly ordered. It took no less than three persons to oversee this job to the satisfaction of the court. In November, 1855, ^ committee was appointed to draw up a plan and specifications and let the contract for a jail building for the county of Henry. The commissioners named were Joseph Davis, Daniel Ashby and William M. Bogarth. They were ordered to adver- tise the job so as to get the best and lowest bid for the work. Three thousand dollars were appropriated for the building. It was finally let to Messrs. William Johnson and Joel C. Bridges, who entered into a bond of $6,000 for the faithful performance of their contract. The con- tractors pushed things, and in April got $1,000, and by November, 1856, had received $2,100 in all. By the middle of December the committee reported that the jail was completed, but not according to contract. The county court then ordered the commissioners to retain $350 in their hands until the con- tract was fully and honestly carried out, and for the sheriff to take the keys. The jail was finally completed, and its total cost $3,044, the $44 being for extra work. This without the commissioners' salaries. The first jailor put in charge was William D. Street. FINANCIAL AND OTHERWISE. The next statement of the finances of the county was in 1856, when it was shown that the receipts 'for the fiscal year ending May, 1857, exceeded the expenses to the amount of $241.71. There was a floating debt outstanding in warrants of $183.22. The intention was to keep 154 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. out of debt, and although considerable expense had been gone into in building and improvements, the taxes had been levied to meet the increased expenditures, and it had done so despite of the delinquent lists, vvWch, though not large, seem to grow in proportion to increased taxation. The election for governor in 1856, was the first and nearly the last vote entered upon the record until 1880. That year James S. Rollins received 441 votes, and Robert M. Stewart 291. The latter, however, carried the state and became its governor. A list of all the state officers, United States senators and members of congress will be found in another part of this work, and carried up to date. RESOLUTION OF THANKS. It was in ante bclhnn days when congressional and governmental literature was being wafted to every congressional district in the land, and such literary gems as the patent office reports, the Congressional Globe and Agricultural Reports, were the staple and most interesting reading furnished a confiding people by the public servants, and that too, without money and without price, that the judges of the Henry County Court became the proud and grateful recipients of favors from their ever thoughtful servant, the Hon. Thomas P. Akers, congressman for this district, then known as the Fifth. That they should feel it their duty to offer him a " resolution of thanks," and have the same spread upon the minutes for a liberal supply of these valuable works, is not to be won- dered at. To receive this light and instructive reading for their amuse- ment during the long winter evenings to come, was indeed a boon. Therefore, for this unexpected supply of mental pabulum, and the exquisite pleasure of its perusal to be experienced in the near future, they caused to be written out the following resolution, and the same entered upon the record, at the August term, August 12, 1857 : Ordered, That the thanks of this court are hereby tendered to the Hon. Thomas P. Akers, member of congress from this district, for pre- senting each member of this court with a copy of the Agricultural Reports from the patent office for the year 1855." This was all right and proper, but for some unexplained reason, the genial and faithful Akers failed to materialize, or, in other words his congressional duties came to an end, when the unexpired term which he had been called to fill came to a close. ELECTION, AUGUST, 1858. The election returns of Henry County was the first county election returns made for county officers of record. The following was placed upon the records for the August election of 1858: HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 55 Congress — S. H. Woodson 762 John W. Reid 221 G. R. Smith 122 State Senate — M. C. Goodlett 508 L. S. Cornell 506 Representatives — Dewitt C. Stone 574 Daniel Ashley 537 Sheriff- William R. Taylor 582 George W. Minor 535 County Court Justice — Jonathan T. Berry 547 Samuel M. Shensley 518 Public Administrator — Alexis Warmsly 686 Joshua Sweeny 276 Treasurer — Royal L. Burge 798 Coroner — P. F. Genoway 650 Superintendent Public Schools — John G. Provines no v^ote entered William B. Starks no vote entered ITEMS. The new township of Bogard was organized August, i857- It lies in the northwest corner of the county. The town of Clinton was incorporated February, 1858. Osage Township, in the southeast corner of the county, was organ- ized in May, 1858, and the voting precinct was established at the house of George W. Bowles. The Clinton Hay Scales Company was organized in August, 1857, and the county court granted "twenty feet square of ground, and more if necessary," to accomplish their purpose of erecting a large platform scale. The county subscribed $95 to the stock. The receipts of Henry County for the fiscal year ending May. 1859 $7,358 84 Expenditures, same time 7. 198 48 Excess of receipts $ 160 36 For i860, ending May, receipts $5,604 58 For i860, ending May, expenditures 5,473 62 Excess of receipts $ 13096 There was a deficit for 1861 of $382.94. 156 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Twenty dollars were paid for wolf scalps at the February term of the county court, i860. The nine (9) voting precincts in Henry County, January 1st, i860, were Calhoun, Bellemont, Leesville, Clinton, Goldsmith's Store, N. J. Dunn's, Bogard, at Asa Hendrick's house; Big Creek, Kimsey's School House; Osage Township, the house of George VV. Bowles. The second fence around the public square was erected in the sum- mer of i860, and the court house yard was enlarged some twelve feet, it being extended that number .of feet on each side, and William R. Taylor was placed in charge of construction. The old fence was sold for $14.15. The bonds for treasurers and collectors was not very high, being from $20,000 to $30,000, until i860. That year they were raised and Royal L. Burge $50,000, and William R. Taylor, $40,000 bonds were given. The former as treasurer and the latter sheriff and collector. Another election for a probate court was had in i860, but nothing resulted. The county court ordered in 1861 the publication of the boundaries of the seven municipal divisions of which it was composed, in the Clin- ton Journal. $3 a day was now the pay of the county court judges. The military roll of the county, as returned August, 1861, numbered 1,640 names. The receipts in the war year, 1862, were 287.98, and expenditures, $2,1 13. II. The valuation of slaves was place 1 at $150 each, and assessment at that figure. The deficit for the fiscal year ending May, 1863, amounted to $871.10. TOWNSHir BOUNDARIES. The boundaries of the several municipal townships of Henry County was more clearly defined by action of the court at its session, August 10, i860. They were as follows: TEBO TOWNSHIP. " Beginning at the northeast corner of the county, thence moving west on the county line to the northwest corner of section 36, in town- ship number 44, of range 26; thence south on section line to the line between townships 42 and 43; thence east on said township line to the northwest corner of section 5, in township 42, of range 25; thence south on section line to the southwest corner of section 17, in township 42, of range 25; thence east on section line to the eastern boundary of the county; thence north on county line to the beginning. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 57 BIG CREEK TOWNSHIP. "Beginning at the northeast corner of section 35, in township 44, of range 26; thence west on section line to the middle of the main channel of Big Creek to its confluence with Honey Creek; thence up the middle of the main channel of Honey Creek to the line betwen townships 43 and 42; thence east on said township line to the southeast corner of section 35, township 43, of range 26; thence north on section line to the beginning." BOGARD TOWNSHIP. "Beginning at the northwest corner of the county; thence running east on the county line to the middle of the main channel of Big Creek on the north line of section 36, in township 44, of range 28; thence down the main channel of Big Creek to the middle of the main channel of Grand River; thence up the middle of the main channel of Grand River to the western boundary of the county; thence north on county line to the beginning." DEEPWATER TOWNSHIP. "Beginning at the southwest corner of the county; thence north on county line to the middle of the main channel of Grand River; thence down the middle of the main channel of Grand River to the line between ranges 26 and 27; thence south on said range line to the southern line of the county; thence west on the county line to the beginning." OSAGE TOWNSHIP. "Beginning at the southwest corner of township 40, of range 26; thence north on said range line to the middle of Deepwater ; thence down the middle of the main channel of Deepwater to its confluence with Grand River; thence down the middle of the channel of Grand River to the Benton County line; thence south on county line to the middle of the channel of Osage River; thence up the middle of the main channel of Osage River to the south line of township 40, of range 24 ; thence west on township line to the beginning." SPRINGFIELD TOW^NSHIP. "Beginning at the northeast corner of section 24, in township 42, of range 24; thence south on county line to the middle of the main chan- nel of Grand River; thence up the middle of the main channel of Grand River to the line between sections 14 and 15, in township 40, of range 25; thence north on section line to the northwest corner of section 23, in township 42, of range 25; thence east on section line to the begin- ning." GRAND RIVER TOWNSHIP. " Beginning at the northeast corner of section 22, township 42, of range 25; thence south on section line to the middle of the main chan- nel of Grand River; thence up the middle of the channel of Grand 158 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. River to the mouth of Deepwater; thence up the middle of the main channel of Deepwater to the line between ranges 26 and 27; thence north on said range line to the middle of the main channel of Grand River; thence up the middle of the channel of Grand River to the mouth of Big Creek; thence up the middle of the main channel of Big Creek to the mouth of Honey Creek; thence up the middle of the main channel of Honey Creek to the line between townships 42 and 43; thence east on said township line to the northeast corner of section 6, in township 42, of range 25; thence south on section line to the southwest corner of section 17, township 42, of range 215; thence east on section line to the beginning. ' These boundaries remained intact until May 8, 1868. Two of the townships had been given two voting precincts each, Tebo and Grand River, and some changes had been made in the voting places, but no new townships had been formed. At the above date two new townships appeared, one designated " White Oak," and the other " Windsor," and the following boundaries and changes appeared: WHITE OAK TOWNSHIP. "Commencing at the southwest corner of section 18, township 41, of range 28, running thence north on county line between Henry and Bates to the center of the channel of Grand River; thence down the center of the channel of Grand River to the section line between 2 and 3, in township 41, of range 27; thence south on said section line to the south- east corner of section 15, township 41, of range 27; thence running west on section line to place of beginning, and it is ordered that that part of Henry County enclosed in said boundaries be, and the same shall be known as ' White Oak Township.' " This caused some other changes in Deepwater and Grand River Townships. The changes made were, of DEEPWATER. " Commencing at the southwest corner of Henry County, thence running north on county line between Bates and Henry, to section line between sections 18 and 19 ; thence east on section line to the northeast corner of section 22, township 41, range 27 ; running thence south on section line to the center of the channel of Deepwater Creek ; thence down the center of the channel of Deepwater to the range line between ranges 26 and 27 ; thence south to county line between St. Clair and Henry ; thence west on said line to the place of beginning." Grand River Township came in for an increase of territory, the fol- lowing being added to her bounds : "Sections i, 2 and 12, and that part that lies south of Grand River in township 41, range 27; and sections 13, 14, 23, 24, 25, 26, 35 and 36, in township 41, range 27, and that part of sections i and 2 in township 40, range 27, lying on north side of Deepwater Creek, is hereby added to Grand River Township." HISTORY OF HEXRY COUNTY. 1 59 Two voting precincts and townships were made out of Tebo Town- ship, by dividing the same east and west of the Warsaw and Warrens- burg road. That portion lying west of said road was Tebo Township, and WINDSOR TO\VNSHIP " was all that portion of Tebo Township lying east of said road, and shall be known and designated as ' Windsor Township ' or election district." THE GREAT CHANGE. From May 8, 1868, until March 6, 1873, the county of Henry was divided into nine municipal townships, whose metes and bounds are described in the preceding pages. At the session of the general assembly of Missouri, held at Jeffer- son City in the winter of 1872-3, a new township organization law was passed, leaving it, however, optional with the several counties of the state to accept or reject the law by a vote of the people. Henry County accepted the new law, and in accordance with the provisions of the same, the county court met on March 6, 1873, to divide the county into muni- cipal districts. The conclusion was to number them from one to nineteen, giving each number a name. This gave the county • NINETEEN TOWNSHIPS, and their boundaries will be found under the head of their respective townships. FINANCIAL DEPRESSION. The financial depression which was brought upon the state by the fierce strife of our civil war was one of the most serious drawbacks which the people during those evil times had to contend with. Where all had been peace and prosperity was felt the blight of distrust, the ruination of all business, the gradual destruction of property and all hope of prosperity. Who was to blame for this terrible state of affairs, of the loss of life, the sundering of social ties, and all the concomitant horrors of a fierce and deadly internecine strife, it is not the province of this history to give. We have only to record the general facts, of which Henry County, as a part of this great country, contributed to her own weal or woe. Nothing can so plainly show the deplorable depth to which the county suffered than to give her financial statements for that period. How demoralization covered the whole people as a pall, and strife — bit- ter and unrelenting — crowned these horrors, these figures will show with l60 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. appalling exactness and tell with what fearful weight of sorrow and woe the people struggled. It was not only during the heart-rending strife that these figures tell their terrible tale, but for years after the struggle was kept up, and now, while nearly two decades have passed since peace came with its wings of love and rested upon all, even now the effects are visible here and there of the sanguinary struggle which darkened our fair land, wrought misery and sadness to her people and destruction to their homes and firesides. THE FINANCIAL EXHIBITS. The tax delinquent lists of Henry County up to May, i86i, the end- ing of the fiscal year, were (ew, and the total amount in dollars and cents seldom, if ever, exceeded $ioo. Up to that date the entire back taxes had nearly all been collected, excepting the last years' returns. DELINQUENT 1 86 1. State $2,575 9i County 976 13 Total $3,552 04 This also included militia tax delinquent of $81.04. 1862. State $ ao25 47 County 504 <^5 Total $ 2.529 52 For the Delinquent, 1861 535 39 1862 52466 Total $ 3.589 57 For 1863, it footed in all 2,906 75 For 1864, it was reported at 7,558 02 The county's financial statement showed that it was in debt on the first day of August, 1864, $1,662.62, and that increased to, in August 1865, $3,503.66. A bounty of $50 was offered in the spring of 1865 for and the treasurer was ordered to sell $5,000 Union Military bonds at 85 cents on the dollar, but the war closing it does not show that the bondsweresold on the record. In July, 1865, there was $350 charged as paid on the bounty fund. The tax receipts for the fiscal year, August, 1866, as then reported, amounted to $6,863.56, and the expenditures showed an excess over the above of $1,778.06, adding that much to the county debt. Warrants were signed to meet the difference, and the floating debt now exceeded $5,000. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. l6l Notwithstanding the war had ceased, the demoralization had been so great, and the destruction of values so complete that it seemed almost impossible for the people to recuperate. The delinquent lists for 1867 and 1868 proved nearly the equal of preceding years. Here is the collector's returns made January i, 1868, for the year 1867: State revenue delinquent $ 2,310 19 County revenue delinquent 1,843 9^ State internal fund tax delinquent 3,689 92 Railroad delinquent 1,373 05 County bridge delinquent 448 81 Total delinquent on Real Estate $ 9,665 95 LEVY OF 1868. The total tax levy for 1868 was, by items, as follows: State revenue tax $ 8,535.75 County revenue tax 6,503.64 State interest tax 13,008.22 Railroad tax 4.887.50 County bridge tax 1,638.23 Total $34,573-34 The delinquent was reported as follows: Real estate. Personal. Total. State revenue $i,730 84 $71 1 96 $2,442 80 County revenue I.730 84 467 33 2,198 17 State interest 1,730 84 467 33 2,198 17 Railroad revenue 2,079 59 57^ 74 2,651 33 Grand total .• $9,490 47 No bridge tax was returned delinquent. The delinquent list for 1869 was returned on state, county and rail- road, at $11,591.62. From this statement of taxation and delinquencies something can be told of the utter wreck of property, and the prostration of a people into poverty and almost despair. Numbers of those who passed through this fiery furnace of want and destitution are living to-day, and yet remember the fearful ordeal through which they lived. Others have crossed the mystic river, and the great beyond is their final home — peace and rest are theirs. The boys of that period, those from six to ten years of age, can remember but little of the struggle that poverty brought on all, and these pages of facts and figures may be of interest to them and to their children. With the total receipts and expenditures of the county for the year ending February ist, 1870, we close this exhibit, giving*as it does the five years following peace. There was col- lected of the 11 ^62 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Back taxes of 1 866 $ 6,602 59 Back taxes of 1867 , 7,600 75 Back taxes of 1 868 1 1 ,307 93 And of the taxes of 1869 12,883 42 Total . $38,394 69 Gross expenditures the same year 38,200 13 Excess of revenue $ 194 56 It will be seen that the year 1869 was the first that showed a recu- peration, over $25,000 having been collected of the delinquent list of other years. Mr. James R. Connor, the new assessor for 1871, having by close work and vigilance, increased the assessment of real and personal prop- erty, was allowed an extra compensation of $200. He was well paid but he earned it, and the county could afford it. He added i,8oo new tracts to the tax roll, many living in the county having forgot to make any returns, and increased the assessment of personal property $250,000, which showed considerable forgetfulness on the part of sundry persons heretofore, on what personals they owned. But these little matters were not alone indigenous to Henry County. Man is proverbially known for his forgetfulness when taxation is to be considered. At this day it has become chronic. ITEMS. A census was taken in 1868 and the cost was $325.25, and again in 1876 at a cost of $638.75, but the number of the population was not recorded in either case. The recorder's office was established January i, 1871. The poor farm was purchased in April, 1871. It cost $7,200, to be paid in three equal annual instalments. The treasurer reported, January, 1872, that he had up to date redeemed railroad coupons amounting to $55,895, and county warrants of the sum of $15,942.56, less $50 for interest on warrants. The warrants and coupons were burned in the presence of the treasurer and county court. The first poor farm bond for $2,400 was renewed and also a portion of the interest, February i, 1872, and new bond was given for $2,583.30. Township organization carried at the November election, 1872. Missouri, Kansas & Texas first assessment of property in Henry County was at a valuation of $592,739. This was in 1873. The com- pany has 37 4-100 miles of road within Henry County. The county court justices received a salary of $5 each, per da}', from 1864 to 1873. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 165 The tax rates for horses was $40; mules, $50; and cattle $15, for the year 1874, Springfield Township alone excepted. Cattle were there rated at $12. Swamp land fund in 1878 amounted to $9,648.99; fines and penal- ties fund amounted to $5,736.75. It is loaned for the benefit of the schools, being added to the school fund. CHAPTER VIII. INVESTIGATION AND EXONERATION— AND MORE TAXA- TION. WANTED AN INVESTIGATION— RESULT, EXONERATION— EVF.RYTHING LOVELY-REGIS- TRATION AND REGISTRARS— THE COUNTY COURT— THE FOUR DISTRICTS AND THEIR BOUNDARIES- TAXATION AND COLLECTIONS— COUNTY EXPENDITURES— THE REPEAL— DISTRICTS i AND 2— JUDGE GANTT, COUNl Y AGENT— SALE OF $400,000 RAILROAD STOCK-SINKING FUND— ASSESSMENT AND LEVY— A DONATION— SWAMP LAND CLAIMS-SOME ITEMS. WANTED AN INVESTIGATION. There having been some talk that the financial exhibits of certain years had not been correct, and that the collectors were short in their accounts, the matter was brought before the grand jury at its April ses- sion in 1871. The jury, after an investigation, made a request upon the county court for an examination of collectors' accounts from 1867 to 1870, inclusive, and to appoint a committee for that purpose. The court promptly acted upon the suggestions of the grand jury, and appointed Harvey W. Salmon, Charles H. Snyder and William E. Brink- erhoff such committee. THE EXAMINATION: The report of the special committees to examine into the financial condition of Henry County for the years 1867, 1868, 1869 and 1870, reported errors in the aggregate of $671.68, in the collector's returns for these years. The sums agregating the above amount were nine in num- ber, from $18.78 for the smallest, to $1 50.2:5 for the largest, and belonged to all the different levies, such as revenue, bridge, railroad, etc. There was no evidence adduced to show a criminal intent, but more a want of an arithmetical education on the part of the collectors. James M. Mil- ler was collector for 1867, and Henry T. Dodson for the three following years, called for by the county court for examination. The report also stated that the inaccuracies for the year 1867 was caused by the mistake of the clerk of the county court in turning over two pages at once in footing the gross amount, missing entirely the page so turned. The errors discovered were in 1867 and 1868; in the former they amounted to $394.39, and in the latter $277.29. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 165 The years 1869 and 1870 proved relatively correct. The committee so appointed and reporting were C. H. Snyder (then county clerk), Hon. H. W. Salmon and William E. Brinkerhoff. The report was accepted by the county court and was made to them at the October term, 1871. The committee asked for more time to go more fully into an exam- ination of the financial condition of the county, but made the above report of work done in the collector's office. They also asked for more specific instructions in regard to their future work. On the i6th day of January, 1872, Collector Miller came forward and paid $295.50, which the court explained was the amount he was short by the report of the commissioners. The amount short for 1867 was, as above reported, $394.39, but it is probable that a portion was collected by Mr. Miller's successor. Whether the committee ever done anything further is not of record, and if the other collector paid it is also left out of the county court pro- ceedings, but it is probable that all was satisfactorily settled. It may not be considered remarkable by the people of Henry County that there should never have occurred a defalcation among any of its officials from the date of its organization, yet such is the case, and it is and would be considered remarkable in almost every other county. The writer has examined the records of no less than seven counties within the past eighteen months, and not one but had a blemish spot among some of those who had been chosen to conduct their county affairs. This purity of action on the part of the official conduct of those entrusted with the welfare of the county deserve a few words of praise, and the record is entered here as worthy of all commendation. REGISTERING OFFICERS. The formation of the new townships required the appointment of registering officers at once to register the voters for the coming election (1873). These appointments in the different townships were as follows: Windsor, William Goforth, Tebo, Davis Mann. Shawnee, Thomas F. Hill. Big Creek, A. M. Butcher. Bogard, James Kepner. White Oak, John Schroeder. Honey Creek, Luther I. Stewart. Fields' Creek, John Hopton. Deer Creek, J. W. Middelcoff. Springfield, Henry Shafer. Leesville, John Venlemans. Bethlehem, H. C. Jury. Clinton, James V. Bergen. Davis, John E. Severs. Walker, Henry B. Hicker. Deepwater, Joseph Capehart. Bear Creek, John J. Teller. Fairview, Robert W. McFarland. Osage, C. F. Mercer. l66 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. THE COUNTY COURT. Not only did the new township organization law entail upon the county court the making of new and many more municipal districts and the appointment of registering officers, but it also called for the laying out of the county into four justices or judicial districts, the law giving each county five justices of the county court, instead of the three which had composed the county county court since its organization. One of the justices was to be voted for by the county at large, his term was iour years, and he was to be the president of the court, the other four were to be elected from the four districts into which the county was to be divided. This division was not made until July 22, 1873, and a special election was held on the 21st day of August for their election. The county was divided as below : FIRST DISTRICT. District No. i is composed of municipal townships, named and num- bered as follows : No. i, Windsor; No. 2, Tebo ; No. 3, Shawnee; No. 4, Big Creek; Honey Creek, No. 7, and Fields' Creek, No. 8. SECOND DISTRICT. Bogard Township, No. 5; White Oak, No. 6; Davis, No. 14; Walker, No. 15; Deepwater, No. 16, and Bear Creek, No. 17. THIRD DISTRICT. Clinton Township, No. 13. FOURTH DISTRICT. Deer Creek, No. 9; Springfield, No. 10; Leesville, No. 11; Bethle- hem, No. 12; Fair View, No. 18, and Osage, No. 19. The election resulted in the election of William R. Taylor, judge-at-large, M. A. Stewart, ist year, F. M. Groff, 2d year; Lewis P. Beatty, 3d year, and B. L. Owens, 4th year. The years for which each was to serve was decided by lot between the four justices elect, as above shown, the law requiring one of the asso- ciate justices to retire each year. The tax levy and assessment from 1870 to 1874 was not of special interest as no attempt had been made to show fully the financial condi- tion of the county at any time. In April, 1874, a full exhibit of the levy and back taxes uncollected was made, and also the amount collected and what was left still delinquent in the hands of the collector. It HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 167 will be observed by the' figures that follow that the railroad tax and its delinquent in other years was a trifle over one-third of the amount to be collected. The tax collections are given in detail and will be good for reference. TAXES AND COLLECTIONS. The levy of 1873 with the back taxes due on each fund added was as follows: State revenue, including back delinquent $ 20,923 04 State interest fund, back delinquent 19,236 30 County revenue, back delinquent 36,572 93 Railroad tax, back delinquent 47,483 25 Road tax, back delinquent 5,779 25 Fines and penalties, back delinquent 1,583 56 Total $131,578 33 Here was this enormous sum to be paid by the people of Henry County in one year. To be sure a large portion of it had been accu- mulating from year to year, and was not of that year's levy, but it was due and must be paid. Very little force so far had been used to compel payment, for it was well known the people were struggling to regain their standing and to pay off arrears, and to distress them by suit had not often been attempted. However, they responded that year nobly. Here is the returns of amount on each fund paid in: State revenue $ 14,98 1 98 State interest 14,553 02 County revenue 31,679 72 Railroad tax 40,590 66 Road tax 4,926 64 Fines and penalties 1,583 56 Total $ 108,3 1 5 58 The people paid in $108,315.58 for the year 1873, leaving a total balance due on back taxes of $23,262.75. That was a pretty prompt meeting of this enormous obligation, and reduced the back tax list over $i2,OGO. The amount due in 1873 being a little over $35,000. COUNTY EXPENDITURES. The county clerk made the following report of the receipts and expenditures of the county, for the fiscal year ending April, 1875 : Receipts from all sources $21,304 88 Expenditures 20,869 84 Receipts over expenditures of $435 04 l68 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1875. Receipts to April i, 1876 $16,410 48 Expenditures 14 92 1 80 Excess of receipts $1 ,488 68 In October, 1875, a notice was served upon the delinquents of the years 1869 to 1873, inclusive, that they must pay their taxes by the com- ing January, or suit would be commenced to enforce it. THE REPEAL. The new township organization law, which went into effect in 1873, was repealed by a vote of the people in 1877. The county court there- fore was changed again from five members back to three. At their regular meeting in February, 1858, the county was divided into two districts for associate justices, the presiding judge, as under the previous law to be voted for by the people of the county at large. This division was as follows .'* DISTRICT NO. I. To be composed of the townships of Windsor, Tebo, Shawnee, Big Creek, Bogard, White Oak, Honey Creek, Fields' Creek, Deer Creek and Springfield. DISTRICT NO. 2. To be composed of the townships of Leesville, Bethlehem, Clinton, Davis, Walker, Deepwater, Bear Creek, Fairview and Osage. There was a slight change made in the boundary line of Fairview and Clinton Townships, being a desire on the part of Fairview to run a straight line east from the northwest corner of township 40, of range 26, to the dividing line between sections 4 and 5, of the same township and range. Grand River being the cause for this desired change. TAXES OF 1878. The amount ot the tax levy on real estate for 1878 was $64,604 18 On personal property 34.4H 70 $99,018 88 There was of this collected : On real estate $40,991 41 On personal property 21 ,609 1 1 $62,600 52 Leaving the delinquent on both of a gross amount of $36,418 36 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 169 There was collected the same year on back taxes, 1877, and penalties on real and personal : For the county $12,583 12 For the state 4.033 14 Licenses — state and county, 1878 986 00 $17,632 26 This condensed statement shows what amount of taxes was assessed that year, and how the people paid. Nineteen thousand dollars of this sum was for school purposes. A SINKING FUND. The railroad suits and a desire to compromise caused a good deal of trouble to the county court at this time, and money was an object, and so an application was made to Judge Wright to grant an order for the levy of iive mills on the dollar of the assessed valuation of real and personal property in the county as stated, " As a special tax to create a sinking fund to be used in the purchase of outstanding railroad bonds of Henry County at their lowest market value in the discretion of the county court." The order was granted and made of record in the county court pro- ceedings at the May adjourned term, as was also the petition to the circuit judge by the county attorney, C. C. Dickinson. They will be found in full on pages 100, loi, 102, and 103, of Rook I, County Court record. James B. Gantt was appointed county agent of the August adjourned term, 1879. to dispose of the 4,000 shares of Tebo & Neosho Railroad stock for the same amount of stock in the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Road, ar i then sell the same. This is fully treated in the article on railroads in this work. The assessed valuation put upon the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway at the February term, 1880, was more than double the valuation of the previous five years. As assessed in the county and townships it footed up : County • $883,742 40 The valuation in the city of Clinton 23,685 00 The valuation in the city of Montrose 8,305 50 The valuation in the city of Calhoun 8,542 35 The valuation in the city of Windsor 8,542 35 Total assesment, 1880 $932,817 60 The assessed valuation 1880, was County $894,42 1 50 Cities , 49,660 22 Total assessment, 1881 $944,081 72 I/O HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. They did not, however, collect tax on this sum as the state board of equalization placed the assessed valuation for taxation at $322,258.35, and the levy at forty cents. The county made the same levy for county purposes and then a further levy of fifty cents on the $100 in Clinton, and thirty cents on the $100 in the city of Calhoun as a city tax. A DONATION. The county court at its session. May 16, 188 1, made the following order, as a well merited compliment to the citizens of Clinton for their noble, praiseworthy and generous treatment of those in sickness and poverty who had received kindly ministration at their hands. The order reads: " It is ordered by the court that a warrant be drawn on the county pauper fund for the sum of $500, payable to T. W. Collins, mayor of the city of Clinton, as a donation to the city of Clinton for expendi- tures, aid and assistance rendered to paupers and destitute persons dur- ing the recent small pox scourge in Clinton " The state claimed an indemnity on 1,000 acres of swamp land loca- ted in 185 1, 1852 and 1853, the proof of which they were ready to make under act of congress, March 2, 1855. 640 acres of this was in town- ship 42, range 28; the remainder in township 40 and 41, ranges 26 and 2"]. Mr. A. C. Avery was appointed agent to look after and secure from the government the amount of the indemnity demanded of them by the state. SOME ITEMS. The gold fever struck Henry County forcibly in 1849 and 1850. The largest loss by the county up to 1866 was the deposit made by the county with Miller & Kaist, St. Louis. The question has since been, how much was the loss and what was done about it.'' Answer still reserved. The railroad fever struck Henry County in 1867 and raged violently to 1871. It cost the people $1,225,000 in round numbers. The fever spent its force and is not likely to ever get a serious hold in Henry County again. The year 1875 is known as grasshopper year. Warren & Foote published the present county map of Henry County in 1877. In the year 1878 the poor farm harvested a rat crop numbering I,I00 rats. The year was memorable for cheap sausage meat. The first snow storm in Henry County in the winter of 1879-80 did not come until the 12th day of March, 1880. . The first marriage license under the license law of 1880-1 was that of Roy Driggs and Miss Mattie Ogden, June 29, 188 1. The compromise year for railroad bonds was 1882. CHAPTER IX. FINANCIAL AFFAIRS— RAILROAD ASSESSMENT— COUNTY VALUATION. THE TAX LEVY— COLLECTIONS OF 1879— SAME IN i8So-NE\V COUNTY JAIL— ITS COST— THE YEAR 1882-RAILROAD ASSESSMENT AND REJECTION-MATERIAL WEALTH— AS- SESSED- VALUATION FROM iS/o TO 1883 OF HENRY COUNTY— JANUARY i, 1882,^5,392,- 270- JANUARY I, 1883, . THE TAX LEV\ AND COLLECTIONS OF 1 879. The total tax levy of all kinds for 1879 and returned by the col- lector, with the amount of his collections, March 1st, 1880, was as follows: • State and county levy on real estate $52,516 53 State and county levy on personal property 3 1,600 33 State and county levy on merchant's license 3,666 30 Total $87,783 16 Deducted errors of assessment, etc 181 61 Balance $87,601 55 The total collections made as returned at the above date was $100,229.64, the surplus coming from back taxes of the years 1877 and 1878 collected. Of the taxes collected for 1879, the Missouri, Kansas & Texas division paid $1,2 11 18 And the Western Union Telegraph Company . 10 20 This payment was on an assessed valuation of less than $9,000 per mile. The county assessment was at the rate, in round figures, of $24,000 per mile, but the state board of equalization put it at the first named amount. The state is wrong. While at the rate of taxation paid by farmers, merchants and artisans, is fully 33^ per cent, that of a railroad corporation should not be less. The railroads in Missouri can well afford to pay a tax on an assessment of $15,000 per mile, and any less sum than that is a fraud upon the people. Why rich corporations who have millions of dollars given them as gifts should be favored at the expense of labor, is hard to understand. 172 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNIY. 1880. The tax levy of 1880 fell a little short of 1879. The total, as returned by the collector in his settlement March i, 188 1, showed the following: State tax levy $20,976 62 County 64,469 62 Total real and personal $85,446 24 The assessed valuation of the M., K. & T. division was only . $307,776 3 1 And the Western Union Telegraph Company 2,533 00 The valuation of the property of both of these companies was raised in the assessment of 1881, the former to $322,479.35, and the telegraph company to $3,145. The county levy was 40 cents on the $100 valua- tion on this property. Clinton assessed a tax of 50 cents on the $ioo,Cal- houn 50 cents, and Windsor 25 cents extra on what was within their limits. THE NEW COUNTY JAIL. A new jail being a necessity, the county court took up the matter in 1880, and appointed Dr. John H. Britt superintendent or commissioner to look after it, and keep the builders up to their contract. » The jail was completed and accepted by the court January 3, 188 1. The order of the county court to pay for the same was to the amount of $7,880. This was said to be the balance on completion. The con- tractors were P. J. Pauley & Brother. In May, 1881, the fence, walk and work in the jail yard cost $163.75, and Dr. Britt was paid $200 for his services as superintendent. These two items, with the first mentioned, completed the cost of the jail at that time. There has been a little extra necessary work added since, but it was something less than $100. It is a good piece of work, and a credit to the county. 1882. The March statement of 1882 showed a collection, state and county tax, judgments and back taxes, to the amount of $91,000.88, including the amount, in round numbers, of $5,500 back tax collections. These back taxes of former years, say from 1862 to 1876, have all been paid, compromised or left in default entirely, but a large portion was collected, or in reality not any great loss has been experienced since 1868. The levy of 1882 was placed at 30 cents on the $100 valuation for general purposes, 10 cents on same valuation for county officers fund, 7^ cents on same for poor fund, 7\ cents incidental fund, 5 cents jury and witness fund, 10 cents county road fund, and 10 cents for bridge fund. This makes a total county levy of 80 cents on the $100 valuation and for state 40 cents. Total taxation on the $100, $1.20. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 173 It would seem that a school tax and sinking fund tax should be added to this. The levy or assessed valuation of Missouri, Kansas and Texas division was placed by the county at $912,739 20 The amount assesed within the city of Clinton was a val- uation 24,480 00 Within the city of Calhoun ' 8,788 80 Within the city of Windsor 8,788 80 Within the city of Montrose 8,544 00 Valuation of the property in cities $ 50,601 60 Total assessed valuation $963,340 80 This is in round numbers $30,500 per mile. This is further out of the way than the state assessment. The fact is the county should make the assessment at about $15,000, and then fight the state board of equal- ization for the levy. This would give a valuation of $555,600 for county, and about $25,000 to the four cities, total $580,600 assessed valuation. This would be in reason, and would bring nearly double the present tax. However, just when corporations will cease to be favored and the people swindled is a conundrum "no fellow can answer." CAN PAY OUT. Henry County has passed through a pretty severe financial strug- gle. The struggle of the past few years, however, will not again be felt as the strain has ended by the arrangement for a compromise of her debt. Having no floating debt her whole liabilities may be considered in the new 6 per cent bond issue of $525,000. It is possible that it will not take all to redeem the old bonds and coupons, but it is pretty cer- tain that it will not exceed that issue. The assessed valuation of the county in 1881 and returned January i, 1882, amounts to the sum of $5,392,170; that of 1880 was $4,620,020; a gain over the previous year of $772,250. A levy on this valuation of 10 mills on the $100 would pay the interest and form a sinking fund, which, at the end of five years, when the bonds can be first redeemed, of $112,000 in round figures, but as valuations would increase it would be safe to say that the debt could be reduced $150,000. Let that levy continue for ten years and the debt will be paid, allowing for the probable increase of the assessed valua- tion of the county. If not, there would not be much left to worry them. About that time, if the old court house has not fallen completely in ruins, it would be a good idea to invest about $125,000 for a court house to adorr? one of the prettiest sites in the state, and an ornament to a very beautiful inland city, of which the people of the county may well be proud. A little of it might be left to macadamize the streets around 174 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. the square. A clause to that effect might be added to the appropriation bill. MATERIAL WEALTH. The wealth of a county, the culture and moral characteristics of her people, the richness of her soil, and the disposition to labor to secure this productiveness, is what places her people in the front rank with those who believe that wealth, progress and refinement, are the open sesame of a happy life, and a future which shall be bounded by a golden shore when the "dark river" shall have been passed. Henry County made no record of her material wealth until 1842, when the total assessment for 1841 showed the sum of $197,059. In 1845 this sum had been increased to $351,308, which was the assessment of that year. Just what lands and stock were valued at would#be hard to say, but it is probable, in view of cheap lands and stock, that it was fully up to and perhaps higher, really, than the assessment at this time. Lands were then worth $1.25 per acre unimproved, and improved farms at from $5 to $7 was a large price. Taxing these farms at this day at an assess- sessment of from $5 to $6 per acre, while improved farms are worth from $25 to $40, would give a higher rate of taxation in those old pio- neer days than at the present. The county seemed to grow and pros- per, but the record of that growth was very imperfectly kept. Taxation and assessment went hand in hand, but it was not until i860 that there is found another statement of the progress of Henry County in the record of her assessment rolls. i860. That year the real estate and personal property was returned sepa- rately, or, it might perhaps be better to state, was entered separately and is as follows: Real estate $1,825,320 Personal property 550,080 Total $2,375,400 What the comparison was between the assessments of i860 and 1867, the next recorded return is hard to say, as a portion of the assess- ment in regard to stock is not at hand for reference, but the increase^ notwithstanding the disastrous effect of the civil war was marked in an eminent degree. The assessment that year footed: For real estate $3-35 1,027 For personal property * 1,016,725 Total $4,367,752 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY, 175 The assessessments of 1870 and 187 1 also showed a wonderful increase, and the latter year footed up something like one and a half millions of dollars more than the assessment of 188 1, as returned in Janury last, 1882. But land was then assesed at $10.50 per acre, while the present tax is but $5.10 per acre. 1870, 1871 AND 1873. There were assessed in 1870, 461,011 24-100 acres of land, and town lots to the number of 1,323. These, together with the personal property of all kinds, gave the valuation of real and personal property that year at $6,458,855. This was a gain of nearly 50 per cent, in three years. That assessment gave 12,656 tracts of land, giving the above num- ber of acres. There were, also, returned as being 525 whole sections of land in the county, and 225 fractional sections. The assessment for 1871 showed 15,706 tracts of land, and 3,239 town lots. This was a sur- prising increase, and showed the last year a pretty close assessment, while that of 1870 must have been badly performed, probably like the United States census of that year, which is one of the most astounding statistical frauds ever compiled in the history of this or any other country. The assessed valuation of real and personal for 1871 was $7,071,623 And for 1873 5,449,369 This was the last assessessment under the high valuation then in vogue, and the next is given, which shows a falling off about 30 per cent, for the year 1875, saying nothing about the natural increase of productive wealth. This decrease was largely in the real estate assess- ment mentioned above. 1875 TO 1881. The total valuation for 1875 was $4,809,210 with a falling off in the number of acres of land assessed of 68 1| acres. The heaviest tax year known to the people of Henry County was that of 1873. The total tax of the year footed up, $96,340.76, and, includ- ing back taxes, something over $100,000 was collected. The assessment of 1882, returned January i, 1883, as it shows the entire resources of the county and comparison of previous years, is of great value, and will be found in Chapter X. The levy of 1882 was : state, 40 cents; county, 50 cents ; railroad, 80 cents; a total of $1,70 on the $100 valuation. CHAPTER X. SOIL — CLIMATE — AGRICULTURAL AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF HENRY COUNTY. INrRODUCTORY— LOCATION— CAPITAL AND LABOR— WATER AND TIMBER-AGRICULTURE —CEREALS AND GRAPES— FIELD OF CORN AND OATS — SHEEP - 1865 —STOCK- REMARKS OF L. C. MARVIN— BETTER HORSES— 1867 TO 1880-SHIPMENTS OF 1877— THE CENSUS CROP— RETURNS OF 1881-2— OF HORSES, SHEEP, CATTLE, HOGS, AND MULES, AND GRAND TOTAL. " In ancient times the sacred plow employed The kings and awful fathers of mankind ; And some, with whom compared, your insect tribes Are but the beings of a summer day. Have held the scale of empire, ruled the storm Of mighty war with unwearied hands, Disdaining little delicacies, seized The plow and greatly independent lived." INTRODUCTORY. The resources of Henry County are varied, and their full develop- ment brings wealth, contentment, health and happiness. Soil of exceed- ing richness, its alluvial qualities reaching many feet below the surface, making it almost inexhaustible in its producing qualities. Streams of running waters, timber of various kinds, all of excellent quality, yet lim- ited in supply, but more than compensated by many hundreds of square miles of coal field, illimitable in its productive capacity, prairies undu- lating and easy of cultivation, and quarries of stone fit for a palace, of the formality of a hood, all these things make the resources of Henry County a fruitful theme, which, to give it but partial justice, would fill many pages of history. It is the home of the succulent grasses; cereals and vegetables are everywhere productive, and with them as a ground work of solid ingredients, it gives it a prominence as a stock raising and dairy country. The latter would certainly flourish here, the equal of any county in the state, or country. The farmers of Henry County have but to give their attention to their farm duties to secure them a home and a competency. There are few states in the union that combine so great a variety of soil, as salubrious a climate, so rich in agricultural and mineral HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 7/ resources, better adapted to stock, or a more healthy climate for man than Missouri, and of all these qualities certainly Henry County has her full share. There are many reasons why Henry County should receive a large immigration, and among these is, that in soil, climate and productive capacity it has few superiors in the counties of the state. Lands are not high, and not one-half of her soil is in cultivation. She has room for a hundred thousand people, and in all the element of success has her full share. These things are all to be considered when settling in a new country, and yet Missouri, while a new country in the extent of her immense forests and prairies, is old in all that constitutes wealth, refine- ment and culture, in the luxuries of life and in her schools and churches. It is because of her great educational facilities and her numerous railroads and waterways, which gives her a pre-eminent stand over both eastern and western neighbors. She equals the east in all the luxuries of life, of social ties and advancements, with cheap lands and living at less than two-thirds the cost. She surpasses the west and the borders of civilization in everything that constitutes a comfortable home, the necessaries and lux- uries of life, and all this without going into the confines of savage life, and enduring the hardships and privations of pioneer life. One and all of these advantages may be found in Henry County, and having thus given the reasons of our faith in the future of Henry County, the future pages will give more in detail what these advantages are and how her people have improved them. LOCATION. Henry County is situated within reasonable distance of the marts of trade — a very desirable feature to her people. It is in this location which makes Henry County stand among the first in the list of counties as a market for her surplus produce. She has the privilege of three com.peting markets, and in the near future her railway facilities will be complete. It is 227 miles to St. Louis, about eighty-five to Kansas City, and about 500 miles to Chicago. It is between the 38th and 39th par- allels of latitude and belongs to that section of the state known as Southwest Missouri and its northeastern part — a section of country known for great agricultural resources, mineral wealth, and a climate whose health-sustaining and life-giving qualities are not surpassed. The county has an actual area of 731 square miles, and an acreage of 467,840, about one-fitth of which is tim.ber. These figures are differ- ent from others already published, but which are erroneous. The figures here given are from actual measurement as given by its boundaries. The census of 1880 gives the area at 760 square miles, but as no one will say the county is over thirty miles east and west by twenty-four and one-half miles north and south, which would only give 735 square miles, 12 178 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. there is no use quoting more than the figures will verify. The west side falls short of being twenty-four and one-half miles north and south, and there are full two sections, or square miles, taken from the southeast corner from the bend of the Osage River. The largest acreage assessed in any one year was that of 188 1, returned January i, 1882, which was 463,046 acres, and town lots 3,765, or an acreage of about 2,560. This leaves still unassessed 2,234 acres. There are no government lands, the last acre having been sold before the war. No corporations own land in the county, though a large number of acres are owned by non-residents. It is difficult to estimate the price of land. Prices are controlled by the amount sold, amount of timber, extent of improvements, location, etc., etc. It cannot be very wide of the truth to say that improved lands range in price from $12.50 to $40 per acre. While these figures in regard to acreage and prices may vary a trifle, it is the nearest that can be arrived at without a survey of about every foot of the county. This is, at all events, a magnificent domain, and one which the people of Henry County may well feel proud of It needs but the inspiring hands of labor and a liberal supply of active capital to place it in the van of the municipal divisions of the state. Home capital has not exhibited the enterprise and far-seeing judgment which the resources of the county plainly indicate, and it may be that foreign capital will reap the largest share of the wealth which now lies hidden in her soil. This county is gently undulating in its surface, abounding in rolling prairie, with little timber, except along the banks of its streams. The soil is generally what is termed limestone, or alluvial, of great depth and productiveness. The southeastern portion, however, where it approaches the Osage River, inclines more to what we call sandstone, and has num- erous streams of living water. Two of these are classed on the Gov- ernment returns as rivers ; Grand River, which runs directly through the center of the county from west to east, and the Osage, which forms part of the southeastern border. They vary in depth from five to twenty feet, with a medium force of current. Of creeks we have a goodly num- ber: Deep Water, Big Creek, White Oak, Tebo, Honey Creek and Bear Creek, all tributaries of Grand River, and durable streams, upon the banks of which good timber is found in abundance. Many of these streams might be made available for manufacturing purposes. Theie are two flouring mills upon the banks of Grand River, also many fine saw mills located upon the banks of the different streams. On the whole, no one who has make himself acquainted with its locality and peculiarities, but considers Henry County a healthy, productive and val- uable county. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 79 TIMBER. The prevailing species of timber is the oak. All the varieties of this tree are found in greater or less abundance, but the white oak is probably more prevalent than any other. There are, also, black walnut in abundance, ash, hickory, elm. maple, linn or basswood, pecan, locust, sycamore and perhaps others. Shrubs and wild fruits consist mostly of wild plum, pawpaw, persimmons, blackberries, strawberries, grapes, crab apples, hazel, redbud, black and red haws, and probably others less com- mon. Besides the wild grape vine, which largely abounds in the forests along the streams, there are the ivy, honeysuckle, bittersweet, wild cucumber, pea vine, and several other " creeping things," for which no names are given. Timber has generally been considered scarce, but coal largely compensates for the seeming deficit in that direction, by furnishing plenty of fuel, and timber is increasing rather than diminish- ing within the bounds of the county. AGRICULIURE. The cultivation of the soil was the first and is the most ennobling of all callings. When the first happy pair was created the}' were placed in a garden, the most delightful spot upon earth; their physical employ- ment was its cultivation, their mental exercise to admire and adore the wisdom and goodness of God, that appeared in every shrub and plant that flourished throughout the garden. In this department of labor the whole realm of truth is spread out before us, and invites our inquiry and investigation. The composition of soils, the laws that govern vegetable life, are wide and pleasant fields for the exercise of the mind, and while contemplating and studying nature's laws, the mind takes a pleasing transit from nature's works up to nature's God. Cowper has beautifully poetized the sentiment: " To study, cultivate, and with artful toil To meliorate and tame the stubborn soil; To give dissimilar, yet fruitful lands, The grain, or herb, or plant that each demands; To cherish virtue in an humble state. And share the joys your bounty may create; To mark the matchless workings of the power That shuts within its seed the future flower, Bids these in form of elegance excel. In color these, and those delight the smell; Sends nature forth, the daughter of the skies, To dance on earth and charm all human eyes ; To teach the canvas innocent deceit, Or lay the landscape on the snowy sheet. These, these are arts pursued without a crime, That leave no stain upon the wing of time.' l80 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Who stands in so enviable a position as the owners of the soil and producers of bread? They feed the teemin^c^ millions of our population; they supply their most pressing wants. Agriculture is the basis of all our material relations. More than one-half of the population of our country are engaged in tilling the soil, and over three-fifths of the per- manent wealth of the country is in their hands. The prosperity of the country is based upon the prosperity of the owners and tillers of the soil. Truly, then, is agriculture the mother of a 1 arts, the foundation and basis of every other calling. Agriculture, like every other art, must be educated. We educate for the law— we educate for medicine — we educate lor war, for war upon the land and war upon the sea. We educate for all arts and sciences, save, but in a limited degree, that art or science which is the njoblest of them all, and upon which all other arts and sciences depend. Missouri possesses more natural advantages and adaption of soil and climate for agricultural pursuits than any other state in the west or in any other part of the country. It has a soil and climate that will grow in the greatest perfection the peach, apple, pear and cherry, together with all other fruits that succeed in this latitude. While por- tions of the state are better adapted to the successful culture of the vine than any state in the Union, unless it may be Calitornia, we have soil well adapted to the growth of tobacco, hemp, cotton, and all the cereals and bulbous and tuberous roots grow to great perfection. Wheat is grown to perfection and the average yield is exceeded but by four states in those years that turned out the heaviest crops. Henry County has not given full attention to this cereal, yet more than enough is raised for home consumption, and it is of late years becoming more of a leading product, the crop of 1879 being 191,457 bushels. Corn, how- ever is the great staple of Henry County, and in that respect there are but a few counties that exceed her in the gross yield. In 1879 Henry County had a yield of 5,002,216 bushels of corn and but four counties in the state gave a larger yield. These were Bates, Carroll, Nodaway and Johnson, and with the exception of Nodaway were not greatly in advance. Nodaway is the banner corn county of the state, having har- vested for 1879 no less than 6,961,556 bushels. The people of Henry County may be classed as an agricultural one. Out of a population of in round numbers, 24,000, only about 5 5^0 are located in towns, leaving 18,500 as the agricultural population of the county. In fact there is far more enterprise exhibited by the agricul- tural people of the county, than the capitalists or those living in towns. The breeding of fine stock has become quite general, and combined as it is with cereal products are facts placing the farmers and stock raisers in an enviable position in the matter of finance. Oats are a leading crop, and yield from thirty to forty bushels per acre — to feed in connection HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. l8l with corn to horses is considered better than feeding either alone. Buck- wheat is but little raised, and the same can be said of barley. Rye is also a light crop, but little of it being raised. Corn, oats and wheat, in the order named being the principal crops. Hemp and flax yield heavy returns, but are not extensively cultivated. Sorghum is an insti- tution that is growing in favor, and in the number of acres planted, there are few crops that pay better. Another crop, that of broom corn, has been much cultivated of late, and the year 1882 returned a crop that more than paid the full value of the land upon every acre upon which it was grown. Tobacco could be cultivated with profit, but it has not taken the fancy of the farmer as a staple crop. Potatoes can be raised in almost any quantity. The soil is adapted to them, and it only requires care to raise an enormous crop. Then the turnip is another root that it is hard to tell how many can be" raised to the acre. A turnip " patch " is about all that is seen planted or sown of this root. The "patches" vary in size from an eighth of an acre to an acre, and but few ever exceed that space of ground. There is nothing in the line of roots and and vegetables, but what yields handsomely on Henry County soil. GRASSES. The natural resources for grasses are very great, and this for many years was a great drawback to the cultivation of tame grasses. For years the pastures were the open prairies, or, if necessary, the prairies fenced in. Of late years, however, timothy meadows have increased and will continue to increase as the stock interest grows. Timothy, when sown, yields abundantly, an average of three tons to the acre hav- ing been produced. The prarie, when cut, yields from one to two tons per acre, that on wet soil yielding the heaviest, and if properly cured is a pretty fair hay for cattle. But for pasturing the blue grass ranks the highest, while timothy is the leading hay grass. Redtop and clover is raised, but not to a great extent; the former act, however, as a filling on a timothy meadow. When you come to take the great yield of the grasses, the prolific returns of corn and oats, the abundance of water, it is not much of a wonder that within the past few years the farmers of Henry County have turned their attention to stock. The wonder is that it has not been a leading industry for the past twenty years. Even now it is only in its infancy, and it will be found that money invested in Texas, Colorado or New Mexico will show no greater profits than in our own state of Mis- souri in the matter of cattle raising. The great ranches of these Western States have made their profit by grazing their stock on government land, and when free pastures are no more, the chances for large profits will be much curtailed. To be l82 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. sure, large capitalists have combined and purchased a large number of acres of land at a nominal cost, and will make money, but the stock- men whose capital is limited will not fare better in those states than here, where a market can be found at his door. SHEEP. Henry County farmers, with but few exceptions, have not gone largely into sheep, yet of all the stock which go to make up a profitable return, the sheep has not a superior for this section of the country. The returns for i88i gives 15,289 as the total in the county. This is not half the number raised in the leading county, Livingston, in 1879, and many other counties double this number. Yet Henry County is eminently a sheep county, in its adaptibility to this industry and for its successful and profitable production. IN 1865. In the year mentioned above the Rev. L. C. Marvin, a Universalist preacher, who as an emancipationist, was elected speaker of the general assembly in the year 1862, a man of culture and varied experience, wrote to the Missouri Agricultural Society, at their request, matters agricultural of Henry County. Of that letter and report the following has been taken, which seems to bear upon its face the condition, views and actions of the farmers of the county, and in a concise form tells much that is of interest at this day. From this report and the present condition of the farming population, the advance made in some depart- ments can be readily seen. The fol'owing is from the last two pages, or closing of his letter : He says of hogs, cattle, horses, no statistics ever having been attempted previous to the war, and the irregularities which prevail now and during the past few years preclude the possibility ot giving anything reliable under this head. In general terms, it may be stated that few counties in the state, and none in the southwest, have been more prolific in pro- ducing the kinds of stock above enumerated for market. Men whose judgment is seldom at fault in estimates of this nature, are of the opinion that in 1863-4 'I'' many as 15,000 hogs were fattened and mar- keted from this county alone. The weight, on an average, it is supposed would be about the same as the average of hogs which find a market at St. Louis. Taking into the account the fact that a bloody and relentless bushwhacking war was carried on within our bounds during that and other years, and the altogether unsettled condition of things generally, with the indications as above stated, and some estimate may be made of the capacities of our county in a time of profound peace, with none to molest or make us afraid. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 183 Beef cattle in immense numbers were also driven from our county during the first years of the war, and, seemingly, horses and mules enough have been stolen and driven away to outfit an army for the occu- pation and conquest of the Peninsula. There are various kinds of stock of the improved breeds among us, but the most common is the Durham in the cattle line; and of hogs, the Berkshire is the favorite, with inter- mixing of other kinds. Durhams do well, but require far more care and better keeping than the natives. Crosses between the Durham and native, with some, are a favorite kind of stock, giving more weight on the one hand, and requiring less care and feed on the other. No person has ever undertaken to raise stock especially for the dairy. Farmers simply make their own butter, zvhen they have any, and, incidentally, a few pounds for the market. There is the commencement of one cheese dairy in the county, belonging to Mr. John Baker, where the cows number about eighty. I think he makes a profitable business in this matter, selling his cheese readily at high prices. His cows are mostly natives, with a small per centage of Durhams. Considering the price paid in this region for cheese, and frequently for an inferior article, and the facilities offered for keeping dairies, it is not seen what business could possibly pay better than the manufacture of good cheese for the market. One hindrance seems to be that few people here know the secret of cheese making. FRUIT. Considerable attention has been paid to the raising of apples and peaches, both of which do well and repay the farmer a large return for his labor. Almost every farmer, at present, and some in the past, are intent upon raising fruits of various kinds, and in the future, from pres- ent indications, a large increase will be visible. The best winter fruit in all this region is the geniting, an apple, I believe, unknown in the north, but one of the very best, as conceded on all hands in this vicinity. There is no difficulty in raising fruit, if the trees are only planted, and a reasonable amount of care taken of them, and no labor pays the farmer a larger per centage. The oldest fruit raiser and nurseryman in this county is Augustus Dana, of Calhoun. Though not largely employed in the propagation of fruit, it is believed he has done much to introduce good and valuable fruit into the county. Large numbers of fruit trees, just previous to the war, were bring introduced from New York and other eastern and northern states. It is generally thought, however, that nurseries in this state are to be preferred to those a great distance north or east. Some are of the opinion that trees, by being transplanted so far from home, are apt to change the character of fruit, like a youth who goes far from home is apt to fall into bad company, and in the end contract bad habits. 184 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. VINES AND VINEYARDS. There are, properly speaking, no vineyards in the county. There are, however, in many gardens a few vines, rather incidentally or accident- ally than with any well defined intention on the part of the planter. The location of the county and the character and tastes of the people will be apt to preclude much wine making in our midst, probably for a long time to come. No reason is known why, if properly cared for, pruned and cultivated, the winemaker might not do as well here as in other localities within the boundaries of the state." STOCK. There is no enumeration of stock found prior to the year 1867 of record, and therefore the growth of the county in stock wealth will be dated from that time. There were few head of fine cattle or sheep in the county at that time, and the era of shorthorns, Hereford and Jersey stocks are of a later period. In the matter of hogs the desire for fine breeds commenced earlier. When the land became settled and the savages curtailed, the old slab-sided rail splitter gave way to the Berk- shire and the Poland-China, and these two breeds now predominate, with a slight preponderance perhaps on the side of the latter breed. There is but little difference in reality between their value. The Berkshire will hunt its food and is not lazy in that particular, but the Poland-China is a genuine hog all over. He will go to his food, but if he could have his way the food would be brought to him. He despises exercise and get fat because he can help it, having the appetite of a born hog. Sheep have, of late years, attracted more attention, both as to the breeds and to their raising. The farmers of Henry County would have been better off to-day (but perhaps that is unnecessary) if they had given their attention earlier to this department of farm stock. It is not yet too late, and the sheep is beginning to assert itself as a staple of farm production. The horse is another animal that has seen far less attention in Henry County than it should. Not but that there are many fine horses in the county, but they are the exception and not the rule. It would pay to take a deeper interest in this best of all farm stock. When it comes to cattle, of late the farmer has exercised commendable energy and desire to improve the common stock and the scrub, for some- thing, that without being, if any, more expensive, will sell on an average at three times the value of the aforesaid scrub. The shorthorns lead at this time, and will, doubtless for sometime to come, but that farmer will be wise who also takes an interest in the Hereford for the market, and looks after a thorough Jersey for the dairy. The value of the short horns none will deny, but a very plain fact is also observant, that they do not combine in themselves all that is desirable in cattle. There are several HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 185 breeds, both of cattle and sheep, which it would be well for the farmer to experiment with, and while the situation and liking of one might suit him, it does not follow that others would, under different circumstances, find the same breed as profitable or desirable. And right here a very pertinent question might be asked: Why does not Henry County support and foster a first-class agricultural society ? The want of one certainly reflects upon the intelligence and enterprise of the farming population of Henry County and certainly is a mistake. As before stated, the year 1867 was the first that a record was found of the assessment of live stock. That year they numbered as follows: Horses, 3,979; mules and asses, 1,132; neat cattle, 12,520; sheep, 9,241; hogs, 5,823. 1870. — The number increased rapidly to this date, as will be seen below, except in mules and sheep: Horses, 6,069; mules and asses, 1,137; "G^t cattle, 15,662; sheep, 9,478; hogs, 28,005. 1871 — Horses 7,681; mules and asseS; 1,388; cattle, 20,567; sheep,. 10,331; hogs 28,617. 1874 — Horses, 9,301; mules, 1,965; cattle, 27,540; sheep, 13,589; hogs, 37,369, SHIPMENTS OF I877. While the wealth of Henry County has increased over 25 per cent^ the past five years, what she contributed to the outside world during the business season of 1876-77 will be found of interest: The following is a tabulated statement of the shipments of live stock and produce from the different stations in Henry County, Mis- souri, for the seven months ending May 15, 1877. The exhibit is taken direct from the shipping books of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Rail- way, and is true in every particular. 1-1 c V Q ■r. s s u B 90 15 251 142 4 I 17 9 I u Cattle Hogs Sheep 236 46 I 370 51 6 74 591 69 7 736 32 * 64 502 56 15 I 202 1017 226 24 1697 676 4 Coal , Mules Horses I 2 10 6 6 2 2 2 12 15 38 108 38 I I 4 Potatoes Broom Corn . • • 16 42 Flax Seed 55 Miscellaneous Flour 52 169 38 Total Cars 678 135 1648 566 326 575 3968 1 86 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Under the head of miscellaneous is included beans, oats, stoneware, hides, bran, watj^on material, etc. The total value of the above shipments foot up the handsome sum of $1,552,998. The census returns of 1880 gives the cereal crop of the year 1879, and the number of acres planted to each crop. In this exhibit Henry County is well to the front. THE CENSUS CROP. Acres. Bushels. Corn 131,368 5,002,216 ■Oats 13.730 279,911 Wheat 17,982 191,457 Rye 106 1,171 Buckwheat 19 130 Barley 15 1 80 assessor's RETURNS, JANUARY I, 1883. The following condensed statement of the returns of 1882, and returned January i, 1883, is taken from the Clinton Democrat, of Feb- ruary 15, 1883 : Total valuation of live stock, moneys, notes, bonds and other per- sonal property, for the year 1882, arranged by townships : Osage $ 126,720 Fields' Creek $ 69,970 Fairview 84,440 Honey Creek 41,940 Bear Creek 81,950 White Oak 63,220 Deepwater 109,450 Windsor 173,200 Leesville 85,870 Tebo 149,290 Bethlehem 108,300 Shawnee 132,520 Clinton 466,850 Big Creek 121,870 Davis 101,940 Bogard . . 1 14,500 Walker 92,590 Springfield 71,050 Total $2,293,470 Deer Creek 95,800 Valuation. Real estate, number acres 462,860 $2,415,435 Real estate, number town lots 3,75 1 481,580 Personal property 2,293,470 Total taxable wealth January i, 1883 $5,190,485 This closes the resources of Henry County, and from this date on it will be easy to trace the growth and true prosperity of the county. Here it is found tabulated from 1840 to date, of such years as the same was placed upon record, and from this history the past can be gathered. This alone will make it a valuable reference to every citizen for all iuture time. CHAPTER XL FRUITS AND BERRIES— GRAPES AND WINES— COAL AND STONE. FRUIT ALL GROWN HERE-BERRIES EVERYWHERE-GRAPES— THE BEST VARIETIES- COAL, STONE AND IRON— AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY— WHEN ORGANIZED— 1839— 1858— 1869— A PREMIUM LIST— DEATH. BUT NO RESURRECnON— FARMER'S CLUB-HENRY COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY-WHEN IT DIED— LIST OF MEMBERS— VETERINARY CLUB-ELECTED OFFICERS- DEAD FRUITS AND BERRIES. There has been of late years considerable attention paid to all kinds of fruit and berries, and it is only of late years that serious attention has been given to that which is prolific in yield and of such healthful quali- ties as good ripe fruit. Up to, say, 1875, there was very little attention paid to the raising of any kind of fruit outside of home consumption, and even in that respect it was a scarce article. Berries, outside of a few vines or bushes in the garden, little attention was paid to them, and yet you will scarcely find a county in the state where fruit can be grown in greater perfection or berries give a more prolific yield. But orchards now dot the county, and the apple crop alone probably exceeded a mil- lion bushels in the year 1882, which was a memorable one for nearly all kinds of fruit in the immensity of its yield. Apples are principally, but there are peaches and plums in plenty, and cherries everywhere. The berry crop is not large as yet, but strawberries, currants, gooseberries, raspberries and blackberries are all grown, sufficient for home consump- tion. Why these berries are not cultivated more is hard to tell. The people have hardly yet got to know the luxury they are very unneces- sarily depriving themselves of, when with but little trouble they could feast on these health-giving and luscious fruits of the garden. The day is not far distant when all this will be changed, and they will wonder how they ever could have lived without them. The apple orchard is now a staple of the farm, and it will not be long before the county will equal in the yield of apples that of any county of the state; and she is not far behind now. 1 88 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. THE GRAPE. There are but few vineyards in Henry County at this time, and the cultivation of the grape has not become general. The soil is well adapted to the raising of some varieties of the grape, the Concord being the leading grape grown and considered the hardiest and less liable to mildew. The Alvira is little grown and but little known, but for wine it is considered superior to the Norton's Virginia or the Martha. There is no mistaking the quality of the wine it produces, both in body and flavor. It is not as prolific in its yield as the Concord, and for that matter there is no grape that equals it in yield, or can be said to be as hardy, but the Concord does not make a rich wine. It is lighter in body, and lacks that delicate flavor which gives to the Norton's Virginia, Alvira and Martha their chief attributes, and calls forth high praise. The Catawba is a grape that was cultivated many years, but it is light in yield and light in body in the quality of its wine. The Concord for light wine is the superior of any grown, when yield and quality is considered. This is meant in the nature of a common wine. The Herbemont is also cultivated to some extent, and has yielded a very heavy crop, about eight hundred gallons to the acre. Among the varieties promising well, but which are as yet not extensively culti- vated, are the Cunningham, Clinton, Hartford Prolific, Taylor, Cynth- iana, Martha, North Carolina Seedling, Roger's Hybrid, No. i, and last, though not least, the Alvira. The average value of Catawba wine is $1.50 ; Norton's Virginia wine, $4; Concord wine, $2.50; Herbemont wine, $3. These are the comparative prices in accordance with their quality, and are nearly correct. In a comparison of the wine made from the Alvira and Norton's Virginia, the preference was given by good judges to the former. Still there is but little difference, and the latter gives a greater yield per acre. The average yield per acre of leading varieties may be put down as follows, one season with the other, under fair treatment: Gallons. Catawba, per acre 250 Norton's Virginia, per acre 700 Concord, per acre 1,200 Alvira, per acre 800 to i ,000 Martha, per acre 800 to i ,000 Herbemont, per acre 1,000 Clinton, per acre 1,000 There is no doubt but the grape finds here its natural home, and will produce unrivaled yields, and while at this time the Concord is the favorite, from its hardy nature and sure returns, other varieties will doubtless find favor as vineyards increase, and a taste for superior vintage becomes more widespread and desirable. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 89 MINERAjlS. Whether coal can be called a mineral is perhaps subject to contro- very; but one thing is absolutely certain — that coal abounds in great quantity in Henry County, fully threefourths of her surface being under- laid with a very fine article of bituminous coal, and at no very distant future will be mined in such quantities as to make it an important factor in the aggregate of her yearly revenue. Even now it has an important bearing in the financial resources of the county. There has been as yet no deep mining in Henry County. Numerous veins of coal have been opened, varying from twenty inches to three feet in thickness, which are now being worked at a profit. They are, comparatively speaking, near the surface, being from 10 to 120 feet deep. One million bushels and over are now being taken out annually. In 1870 a vein of coal nine feet in thickness was discovered on Mr. Cook's farm, known as the " Old John Gutridge farm," some 300 yards from the line of the located Tebo & Neosho Railroad. The Widow Tyler Coal Mines, three miles east of Clinton, have been worked since 1869. In 187 1 two sets of hands were engaged to keep up the supply, the demand being so great. Another shaft was sunk north of Clinton and has been worked since 1870. The Lee Owens Shaft has been worked considerable, and it was at this mine that John Woolfort, a miner, was killed in 1877, the contents of a "pot" falling on him. S. D. Garth also struck a thirty-inch vein, only a short distance southeast of Clinton, in October, 1881. These might all be called surface veins, as the deepest, Osage No. I, is but 124 feet in depth, and as before remarked vary from twenty inches to thirty-six inches in thickness. It is frequently dug from the sides of ravines and creeks. Several other shafts have been sunk and the mines are being worked. The geological report of the lower coal measure is of great impor- tance to this county, as the veins are of great thickness and of the finest quality of bituminous coal. It says that the lower coal measures are found exclusively in Henry County, comprising a vertical section of rock and shale of 250 to 300 feet, including five workable seams of coal from eighteen inches to five and one-half feet in thickness, and several thin seams covering an area of 300 square miles, with three and one- half feet of workable coal, and 250 square miles with six and one-half feet of coal, and 150 square miles with ten and one-half to twelve feet of workable coal, or in all 650 square miles with three and one -half to twelve feet of workable coal. 190 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The mines at Lewis and near Windsor will be found described in the history of those townships. H^ON AND STONE. Iron ore is also found, and there are also indications of coal oil. The iron has never been looked after or efforts made to work it, and the same may be said of coal oil. There is nothing positively known of the latter, but iron is known to exist in payin,f^ quantity. Limestone may be said to be most numerous of the different rock. Sandstone is found at intervals, as is also cotton rock, fire rock, etc. There has been a fine quarry of a very handsome stone found on the farm of John Rhoads, about one and one-half miles from Montrose. The stone is a finer grade than the celebrated VVarrensburg stone, and sus- ceptible of a higher finish. It is destined to be one of the most valuable quarries of building stone in the state. There are quite a number of quarries of other stone in the county, which will in the future be of great value. The demiand at present is light, but as the people grow in wealth and culture, much of this fine stone will be used, both for the substantial and ornamental, the qualities of which will prove satisfactory. There is perhaps more limestone in the northern section of the county, but stone of some kind is found in almost every section. The fine quarry above spoken of, Mr. Rhoads', is in the southwest, while south and east are the sandstone quarries. Now and then, on the hills overlooking Grand River and the Osage, some flint is found. Take it altogether there are few counties in the state better supplied with a first class article of building stone than Henry, but really there has been but little done to develop its resources in this par- ticular. The same might be said of coal. There is a home market for from a half to three-quarters of a million bushels of coal, and beyond this, and what is supplied to the railroad, covers the extent of the min- ing interest. Yet there is coal enough to make it the equal, if not the leading product of the county. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. Henry County, as a county, has never been largely interested in an agricultural and mechanical association. There have been a few moving spirits, who have struggled from year to year to educate the people up to the belief of the well-known fact, that a well sustained agricultural society, would do more to advance the farming interest than any one thing connected therewith, outside of intelligent manual labor. In one respect the farming population of Henry County, cannot be called a reading one, and to some extent this may account for their want of interest in a society which would prove so valuable to them. Not only HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 19I does their pocket interest suffer, so also does their moral and social existence. The neighborly feeling encouraged and promoted by these societies, the social gathering and interchange of thoughts, views of experience of each, go a long way to develop improvements in farm and stock, which cannot so well be found in any place or institution as at an agricultural fair. The spirit of social life, of improvement and progress, seems to be in a measure lacking among the farmers of the county. As before remarked, not all are wanting in this spirit, but up to the year 1S83, the few have failed to leaven the mass, and Henry County, rich in soil, prolific in production, and by prudence and economy, has amassed much substantial wealth among her people, yet among her rural popula- tion there is seemingly a want of intelligent enterprise. THE FIRST MOVE. There has been from the first organization of the county, some spirits, who believed in agricultural societies and fairs, and it is found that as early as 1838, there were farmers who desired to form an agricul- tural association. The affair took shape in February, 1839, when the county court granted an order for an election foi the " purpose of organ- izing an agricultural society." Nothing, so far as the records show, was accomplished. Who were the moving spirits was not stated. It slumbered for two years and six months, when the county court made again the same order for an elec- tion, and for the same purpose, at the August term, 1841. It again failed to materialize, and seemed to have slept the sleep that knows no waking. The spirit had died out, and for seventeen years nothing was heard of an agricultural society in Henry County. THE SPIRIT OF PROGRESS. Once more the spirit began to move, and in 1857, the talk assumed a demonstrative tone, and during the summer of the following year, that of 1858, and the first fair ever held in Henry County was in the fall of that year, and for three days. In 1859, there was another, and both of these exhibitions were a success, and gave promise of much future use- fulness. When those early days are considered, the success was phe- nominal, and in the number, quantity and quality of articles exhibited, augured well for the future. Yet these two fairs were all that were held in those ante belluin days. If they could have been continued there can be no doubt that the generous and friendly rivalry which was stimulated, and the personal acquaintance and friendship which was cultivated, would have led to very excellent results to the farming population, and benefitted the community generally. Among the projectors and early 192 HISTORY OF HENR\ COUNTY. friends of the society were Joseph Davis, Joshua Swinney, A. M. Tutt, R. Allen, A. C. Marvin, John A. Rogers, A. C. Legg, James Hogan, Major Good and others. What caused the failure of i860 is not reported, and after that the general demoralization attending the fierce civil strife put an end to all ideas as to fairs or anything else that savored of friendship or progress. The people drifted along until the times once more became settled, and they had, in a measure, recovered from the prostration and poverty left them when grim-visaged war had ceased, and the white- winged angel, " peace," hovered once more over the land. On November 20, i86g, a joint stock company was formed and called the agricultural and mechanical society of Henry County, and the following prominent citizens of the county, at that time, composed its first board of directors, viz: A. C. Marvin, R. Z. Fewell, Thomas E. Owens, Isaac M. Cruce, John L. Gray, John A. Bushnell, James Hogan, Moses W. Sevier, John O. Covington, Robert Allen, Jacob C. White, R. K. Murrell and Burt Holcomb. On January 29, 1870, a meeting was called, and an election of offi- cers took place. For the presidency of the association there were four candidates, and Dr. J. H. Britts was elected by a vote of forty-three to twenty-five for all the others. Captain Curtis was chosen vice-president and Will H. Lawrence, corresponding secretary. The following execu- tive committee was then appointed by townships: Bogard, Captain J. A. Will; Big Creek, L. E. B. Winslow; Grand River, Marshal Lahue; Springfield, Columbus Banta; Osage, Reuben Good; Tebo, George Casey: Deepwater, James T. Tags; White Oak, S. L. W, Robinson; Windsor, I. N. Hughes. Active work was commenced to get the farmers interested so as to hold a fair the coming fall, and during the summer it was announced that the "Sixth Annual Fair of the Henry County Agricultural and Mechanical Society would be held on the fair grounds, near Clinton, commencing September 20, 1870, and continuing four days. The effect was really a success, the display of stock and the product of the farm was first-class and the entries numerous. A very liberal premium list was offered, the aggregate being $1,200. The board of directors elected and holding office in 1871 were: Dr. John H. Britts, president; Colonel William H. McLane, vice-president; William H. Cock, treasurer; D. H. Pierson, secretary, and R. Z Fewell, H. P. Epperson, J. P. Waddell, John Hopton, William M. Doyle, D. R. D. Dobyns and Joseph Reid as constituting the board. This seemed to be the first fair held since the war and the last until 1878. Just why such a prosperous beginning should have been allowed toi die out, of course cannot be told, only upon the ground taken in the commencement of this article, that while there were a few public-spirited and energetic men in the county, there were not enough of them to HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. I93 imbue with the right spirit an era of progress in the people's hearts, and the association died of inanition, a want of nourishment and that kind ■of food which makes all public objects a success. The closing of the fair of 1870 left the matter at a rest or stand- still until the year 1878, above mentioned, when another spasmodic effort was made and resulted in having a fair held on the nth and 12th days of October, 1878, two days only. This was under the control of the former directory. One more attempt was made and a three days' fair was held in 1879, and this endeth the chapter so far as a separate fair in Henry County is concerned. The gentlemen who have been instrumental in infusing life occasionally into the society have become somewhat despondent, and after some twelve years of struggle, of time and money spent, have, we believe, given up, at least for the present, any hope of making an agricultural and mechanical society in Henry County a permanent success. The effort of 1880 having proved abor- tive, a few have attended what is called a district fair held at Appleton City, in St. Clair County, but close to the border of Henry and Bates. Let us hope that a more liberal spirit will yet take hold of the farmers of Henry County, and that the public spirited citizens may in the near future see the full fruition of their hopes and desires and that the Agri- cultural and Mechanical Society of Henry County will yet have a perma- nent being and become a pronounced success. FARMERS CLUB. There was a farmers club organized in 1869, of which Dr. Britts was president. At the meeting held at Clinton on February 5, 1870, there was a lively discussion about the stock law. There were quite a number of lawyers who got up and undertook to explain the law and air their farming knowledge, which latter was about all heresay and theoretical, but announced in that sort of matter of fact way that they knew all about it, in fact much more than the tillers of the soil themselves. When these limbs of the law got through a quiet old farmer by the name of Winslow, got up and grimly remarked, "that it made the meet- ing a heap more spicy by hearing from those who knew nothing about farming," and then sat down. It was a sort of a wet blanket on the legal lights, who afterwards kept silent, fearing perhaps they had exhib- ited more ears than was really necessary, the old farmer chuckled quietly to himself, and the neighbors smiled aubibly, and this ended the meet- ing. There were other meetings of the club which, when the Grange furor passed over the country became embodied into that institution known as the Patrons of Husbandry. This was an order of high merit and wielded, during its short existence, immense power for good, and it has been the only organization strong enough it its Way to make corpo- 13 194 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. rations tremble at its word and railway kings bow to its behests. The order is not yet extinct, but its power has waned. It may again come forth, clad in the armor of right, with power to enforce, and if based upon the creed upon which it first started into life, may God speed the day of its coming. An organization armed with aggression in the cause of right and justice, with the power to carry it out, is something badly needed in this accursed monopoly ridden era, and it cannot come too soon. Speed the day that the justice of its cause, and the power of its might, may become triumphant, that labor may have its reward and be forever removed from the slavery of capital. HENRY COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY. This society was organized in Clinton April 5th, 1870. Dr. Britts was called to the chair, and Dr. Winch secretary. On organization the first motion was by Dr. Stewart, to the effect that the name should be called the " Henry County Medical Society." Articles 2d and 4th, arti- cles of the State Medical Society, was adopted as the 2d and 3d articles of this constitution, as was, also, the 6th and 7th of the state constitu- tion made the 5th and 6th in the Henry County Society. By-laws were drawn up and adopted at the next meeting, but the regular officers were chosen at the first, at the date of organization. For permanent presi- dent. Dr. John H. Britts; for vice president, Dr. W. L. Shankland ; for treasurer. Dr. Samuel Jones; for recording secretary. Dr. Robert Zener; for corresponding secretary, Dr. T. F. Leech; for librarian, Dr. Bronaugh. Executive committee — Dr. Leech, Dr. Stewart, Dr. Trevey. A committee on election was appointed, and a fee of $1 charged for membership. The national code of ethic was adopted, and Dr. J. W. Stewart elected to represent the association in the State Medical Society, which was to meet at St. Louis on the 26th of April. The association met pretty regularly during the ensuing year. A fee bill was prepared and adopted and a small pamphlet was published, embracing the constitution and by-laws, the code of ethics and the fee bill for use of the members. With the exception of the papers and essays prepared and read, the above constituted the principal business of the year. The election in May, 1871, resulted in the selection of the following: President, Dr. J. P. Dimmitt; vice president, Dr. J. W. Bronaugh; cor- responding secretary. Dr. W. H. Wirich; recording secretary. Dr. Rob- ert Zener; treasurer, Dr. Samuel Jones; librarian, Dr. I. F. Houx, Executive Committee — Drs. Britts, Rayston and Chilton. Elective Committee — Drs. Stewart, Trevey and Shankland. There were lively and interesting discussions at all these meetings, but all within the jurisdiction of medicine and the experience and prac- HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. I95. tice of each physician as detailed, when of importance, was of essentia! advantage to the members of the society. There was a fine assessed for absenteeism toward the latter part oi the second year. Still there was no doubt that a hearty interest was taken in the society by all its members. ITS THIRD YEAR. The third annual meeting, May 28, 1872. Dr. W. L. Shankland,. president; Dr. Robert Zener, vice president; Dr. I. F. Houx, corres- ponding secretary and librarian; Dr. P. S. Jennings, recording secre- tary; Dr. J. W. Stewart, treasurer. Excutive Committee — Drs. Chilton, Trevey and Dimmitt. Elective Committee — Drs. Britts, Bronaugh and Winn. The society clearly announced the position that it did not recog- nize the school of medicine known as homeopathy. The society closed its labors for some reason in 1874, at which time Dr. P. S. Jennings was president and Dr. J. H. Britts secretary. That it had accomplished much good during the four years and a little over of its existence was freely admitted by the physicians, members of the society and many able papers were read and discussed, but removals from the county, and by death, decimated the ranks, and the member- ship declined. One serious trouble was in the unfailing health of Henry County. It is not a prosperous field for many doctors. The people are given to health and longevity, and the daily sight of this kind of people has a sor- rowful feeling upon a doctor's mind, and the effect upon his pocketbook is entirely too Realistic to illumine his face with a joyful presence. A few have prospered and many have left, but at this time the future of a Henry County medical society, of a near or ultimate resurrection, is not flattering. THE LIST OF MEMBERS. The total membership was twenty-two, as follows: Dr. John H. Britts. Dr. Thomas F. Leech. Dr. William H. Winch. Dr. P. S. Jennings. Dr. I. F. Houx. Dr. B. H. Land. Dr. Robert Zener. Dr. Edward Chilton. Dr. W. L. Shankland. Dr. A. P. Bowman. Dr. Robert Trevey. Dr. C. F. Mercer. Dr. Samuel Jones. Dr. J. S. Jones. Dr. John W. Bronaugh. Dr. John Wilson. Dr. E. C. Royston. Dr. W. A. Davidson. Dr. J. W. Stewart. Dr. J. D. Axtine. Dr. J. P. Dimmitt. Dr. Samuel H. Jones. 196 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. VETERINARY CLUB. A veterinary club was formed in Clinton in the year 1870, the inten- tion of which wa.s to make horse and its diseases their special study. Its officers were Dr. F. M. Estes, president; Will H. Lawrence, vice presi- dent; William E. Wallor, secretary, and George P. Durst, treasurer. What the society did, or how long it was in existence cannot at this day be clearly established. It lived, yet seemed to have died. \s ^(i/^^ e!^"^^ CHAPTER XII. SCHOOI^S— THEIR GROWTH AND FINANCIAL EXHIBIT. THE FIRST SCHOOL- SALE OF SCHOOL LAND IN 1836 TO 1838— NO PRAIRIE LANDS WANTED THE FIRST STATE SCHOOL FUND APPORTIONMENT— APPORTIONMENT OF 1850-1854 NUMBERING THE SCHOOL DISTRICTS— TOWNSHIP FUNDb OF 1858 AND 1860-FROM 1866 TO 1870— STATE SCHOOL MONEY— 1880, AND THE TOTAL COUNTY FUND-RE- CEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES FOR 1881— REPORT OF THE CLINTON GRADED SCHOOL FOR 1S81-AMOUNT APPORTIONED FOR MAY, 1882— THE STATE. THE START— LOG CABIN SCHOOLS. Henry County has not been behind her sister counties in her desires and aims for a thorough school system. The people of a neighborhood who had, previous to the county's organization, but apologies for schools, were anxious that the sixteenth section should contribute as soon as possible to improve their school facilities. Some schools had been kept in the county at private cabins, and again some old deserted one had been utilized for teaching the children of a neighborhood in the rudi- ments of an elementary education. Very cheap and very imperfect had been these schools, the parents paying from one to two dollars per month for each pupil. All of these early schools were known as subscription schools. The neighbors would get together, when an old hut was not at hand, and erect a log cabin with a stick chimney, puncheon stools, no doors or windows, and here would be found the youths of both sexes gathered together, taking their first lessons in reading, writing, and arithmetic. It was not much, but it was all, and the best the pioneers of those early days could do. As the population increased, better provisions were made, and the state school fund became an important item in causing the winter term to lengthen to three and four months. The county had been organized but a little over a year when the inhabitants of what is now Clinton Township, petitioned for the sale of the sixteenth section of township 42, of range 26. The court granted the petition at the February term, 1836. This was the first land sold, but not all of the section was disposed of Then followed the petitions for the sale of other sixteenth sections in the order here given : Sixteenth section, township 40, range 25, August, 1836. 198 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Sixteenth section, township 43, range 25, November, 1836. Sixteenth section, township 42, range 24, March, 1838. None of these sections were fully sold at the first sale. NO PRAU^IE LANDS WANTED. The old pioneers never had a liking for prairie lands, and all of the settlers generally located on or near a stream of water. While the prairies were treeless, on the banks of all the streams and rivers there was plenty of wood. This objection to prairie land was very plainly exemplified by the early settlers of Henry County, in a petition to the county court, that, sixteenth section of township 42, of range 25, the sixteenth section of township 43, of range 24, and the sixteenth section ■of township 41, of range 26, be given back to the United States, on the ground "that it was poor land, and there was no timber on it," and that they have the privilege of selecting three other sections of land in their place. The court effected the change, for Thomas Arbuckle was after- ward commissioned to select the lands for township 43, range 24, and he may have done it for all, and when selected, an order was granted for its sale for school purposes. In August, 1837, the first school district was organized in Henry County, and was called district No. i, township 42 of range 26. John F. Sharp, George W. Lake and Hiram Baker were appointed trustees. They continued in office one year and then all resigned. There were no others organized until November, 1842, when one was organized in township 43 of range 26. Mr. William Akens was appointed commis- sioner. From that time on to 1847 quite a number were in operation, no less than nine receiving the state fund distributed that year, which amounted to $322.40. It was apportioned as follows: Township 43, range 24 $71 60 No. children 179 Township 43, range 25 52 40 No. children 131 Township 43, range 26 77 60 No. children 194 Township 42, range 24 39 20 No. children 98 Township 42, range 25 19 20 No. children 48 Township 41, range 25 10 40 No. children 26 Township 41, range 26 15 20 No. children 38 Township 41, range 28 13 20 No. children 33 Township 40, range 25 23 60 No. children ... 59 This was the first money distributed which was found of record. The next apportionment of state fund here entered was in May, 1850, and it amounted to $363.96. In May, 185 i, the state school money received was divided among all the townships in proportion to the number of children in each town- ship between the ages of six and twenty. The si^m apportioned is given in detail, so as to show on future pages the growth of the schools in the HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 199 county, and what townships were in the lead, both in number of chil- dren of school age and schools in operation. The gross sum from the state amounted to $439.40, and each township received its proportion, as here given: STATE SCHOOL APPORTIONED, 1850. This fund is received in April or May of the following year, and the amount was received and distributed to the school districts in May, 185 1, and divided as follows: Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh Townsh ip 40, ip40, ip40, ip4i. ip4i. ip4i. ip 42, ip42, ip 42, ip42. ip42, ip42, ip42, iP43. 1P43, ip43, ip43. ip43, ip43. ip44, 1P44. 1P44, range 24 $ 13 60 range 27 9 60 range 28 13 20 range 24 32 00 range 27 7 20 range 28 16 40 range 24 34 00 second district 24 12 00 range 25 23 20 second district 25 12 40 range 27 8 40 second district 27 4 00 range 28 25 60 range 24 86 40 range 25 48 00 range 26 40 80 second district 26 4 80 range 27 23 20 range 28 8 80 range 24 10 80 range 25 4 40 range 27 3 60 There was a steady increase in the state fund from year to year, and by the sale of the sixteenth sections the townships fund also began to show a fair supply for distribution. The state fund for 1852 was $410.80, 1853. $450.50, and that apportioned in 1854 to $611.10. The number of children in the county of school age was, in 1852, 1386, and in 1854, 1444. The state school money of 1852 gave thirty cents to each child of school age, while that of 1854 was within a fraction of forty-two cents. As the year 1854 was the first year that a full apportionment was made of all funds, the county and townships being apportioned together it is here given with the township funds, such as had any. There was distributed of county school money $216 and of state money $611.10. There was, according to the school census, 1444 chil- dren between the ages of five and twenty years in Henry County. In 1854 there were six townships which at that time had no perma- nanent township school fund, the sixteenth section still remaining unsold. Township 44, of ranges from 28 to 24 inclusive, being one-sixth 20O HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. of the township on its southern border and lying within Henry County^ were attached to the school townships, joining them in township 43, of the same ranges. February 7, 1857, the county was divided into regular school dis- tricts for the first time and numbered from one to twenty, and they remain so to this day. The sum of $300.66 was received for the county school fund for the year 1856 and apportioned. In June, 1857, the county court apportioned the county /und, the amount being $386.88. The highest price any school land brought was a forty-acre tract — northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 16, township 41,. range 28 — sold to James A. Cummings at $7.75 per acre. He purchased 240 acres of that section. Section 16, of township 41, range 28, sold for $2,012. It was sold May II, 1857, and brought the highest price of any school lands sold up to that date; Mr. Cummings paying an average of $3.8o| per acre for his 240 acres, and J. A. Pinson, purchasing the remainder of the section — 400 acres — at an average of $2.70 per acre. There was, on the date above $3,818 worth of school lands sold. In May, 1858, the state, county and township fund had increased sO' that the distribution that year amounted in all to $1,608.51. The county treasurer also made a full exhibit of the township funds of each district. The organization in^o school districts caused the fund to be properly separated and each district had its proper amount to its credit. This was the first full exhibit made. The report is below of each township fund at interest. TOWNSHIP FUNDS 1858. District No. i $1,71677 District No. 1 1 $ 85679' District No. 2 i,74i ^7 District No. 12 979 55 District No, 3 1,244 87 District No. 13 1,028 39^ District No. 4 88552 District No. 14 1,351 13 District No. 5 954 99 District No. 15 2,166 78 District No. 6 890 05 District No. 16 District No. 7 102 57 District No. 17 District No. 8 • • • 858 27 District No. 18 District No. 9 i,oii 23 District No. 19 ... District No. 10 1,052 13 District No. 20 I 1,281 42 82 90 950 30 538 15 517 35 Total . $20,2 10 83 The swamp land fund amounted to $9,890.65. The return of township funds for 1859 showed a gain of $2,436.60,. the total footing up $22,641.43, and that of i860 was $13,089.34. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 20I i860. District No. I townsh District No. -7 tovvnshi District No. 2 townsh District No. 3 townsh District No. 4 townsh District No. S townsh District No. 6 townsh District No. 7 townsh District No. 8 townsh District No. Q townsh District No. 10 townsh District No. II townsh District No, 12 townsh District No. n townsh District No. 14 townshi District No. IS townsh District No. 16 townsh District No. 17 townsh District No. 18 townsh District No. IQ townsh District No. 20 townshi The township and county fund distributed in i860 was as follows and footed up $2,521.90: ip 43, range 24 $ 164 62 ip 43, range 25 $154 02 ( g g ip 44, range 25 27 71 f ' -^ ip 43, range 26 124 63 ip 43, range 27 78 55 ip 43, range 28 196 83 ip 42, range 28 -....'. 98 48 ip 42, range 27 1025 ip 42, range 26 82 55 ip 42, range 25 99 28 ip 42, range 24 100 25 ip 41, range 24 88 26 ip 41, range 25 95 12 ip 41, range 26 156 26 ip 41, range 27 148 29 ip 41, range 28 216 67 ip 40, range 28 i?i 45 ip 40, range 27 * . . . . 345 20 ip 40, range 26 122 58 ip 40, range 25 54 21 ip 40, range 24 39 69 The school census was 3,051 children of school age. The troubles which overran our country from 1861 to 1865 had a most depressing effect upon not only the school fund of the state, which arose to nearly a million dollars, but Henry County sunk nearly one-half of her permanent fund in the same time. The interest on the swamp land fund was in May, 1861, for the year, $1,118.20, and strays and fines reported, $383.69. This was given, as -the law required, to the school fund. That year, 1861, the largest fund had been received of any pre- vious year, the increase being marked, and had not the war and its attendant evils prevailed, the school fund of the county would have borne wonderful fruit in the education of her children. For years the amount apportioned to some of the school districts was not drawn, and the sum began to accumulate in the treasury. It was decided at the February term, 1862, to loan it out and add it to the prin- cipal of the fund of the township that had neglected or failed to use the amount thus apportioned. In the report given of the township fund and the swamp land fund, which is all loaned out, the records in the county clerk's office gives the names of all those to whom the fund is loaned. For instance, take record book E, on pages 213 to 222, inclusive, will be found names, amount and the sum due by each for the fiscal year ending July, 1862. The state apportionment for 1864 was $1,342.44 202 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY, 1866 AND 1870. To show how the years of bitter strife affected the permanent school fund of the county, the figures are given as taken from the record. As before given, The township fund for 1859 was $22,641 43 That given for the year i860 23.089 34 The report for 1866, total fund 20,694 68 For 1870, ten years after, it was 23,895 56 Showing a total increase in ten years of 806 22 The township fund is again given for the two last years mentioned, but by townships, so that each can sec its loss or gain in the different years, and it will also serve as a guide to count the future increase: Township Fund 1866. Township Fund 1870. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. District No. I $ 1,691 24 1,974 08 1,194 40 922 27 2 3 4 5 1,051 7^ 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 789 00 255 16 570 81 842 30 1,111 94 463 56 763 00 901 32 893 53 District No. 15 2,144 00 District No. 16 I,ii0 19 District No. 17 2,471 01 District No. 18 6or 62 District No. 19 438 00 District No. 20 405 47 Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr Distr ct No. ct No. ct No. ct No. ct No. ct No. ct No. ct No. 8 ct No. 9 ct No. 10 ct No. II ct No. 12 ct No. 13 ct No. 14 1,264 32 ct No. 15 926 00 ct No. 16 1,160 69 ct No. 17 3.583 08 ct No. 18 707 71 ct No. 19 438 00 I $ 1,625 82 2 1,946 17 3 1,239 69 4 1.223 30 5 785-38 6 1,089 00 7 2,850 48 8 800 81 9 797 98 758 97 785 08 635 00 972 61 ct No. 20 305 47 Total $20,694 68 . Total $23,895 56 A township school tax was levied in the several townships for 1867, to the amount of $15,161.40. In addition thereto some of the school districts levied an additional tax. In the Sixth Annual Report of the State Superintendent of Public Schools for the year 1872, page 228, the number of acres of school lands sold in this county was put down at 10,400 acres, and the number still on hand at 2,400 acres, making a total in the county of 12,600 acres. The 10,400 acres were credited as being sold for the sum of $27,545.10. As this fund from the sale of school lands at this time, 1882, only amounts to $24,133.04, the people can see that they have nor only lost the prin- cipal to the amount of $3,412.06, but lost ten years' interest besides HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 203 which at ten per cent, equals the principal, or a total lost of $30,957.16, sacying nothing about the 2,400 acres of school lands, which are about all disposed of. The same report (1872), makes an interesting statement of the swamp land sale, a history of which will be found in another part of this work. This report credits the county with 25,298.12-100 acres, but says the county sold 27,120 acres for the gross sum of $15,699.66 ; that it had still unsold, 1,480 acres, and that it had lost of the amount sold for, no less than $6,621.86. There was about 40 per cent, and over, of the principal of this sum gone — where ? The war times was a great year for losses, and but little of it had been regained a decade after. In the report of the State Superintendent of Public Schools, Janu- ary 5, 1876, covering the proceedings of 1875, it says, in reference to the school funds of the state, that, " the township swamp land and county school funds are under the control of the various county courts, and, as a general rule have been badly managed. They have, to a shameful extent been lost, squandered and stolen. This was more particularly true of the war period of our history. There is now a general principle to guard more faithfully these interests." Now all this is true enough, but the counties and county courts were not as derelict in their duties as the state officers were during the same time and up to January, 1869. It then required a state certificate of indebtedness of no less an amount than $900,000 from the state to the state school fund, to meet the sum due that fund, which the state had neglected to do for a period of eight years. There is perhaps no better place to show how the school fund of the state stood, January i, 1876, than here taken from this report. It shows' that Missouri stands well towards the front rank of states that have made liberal and extensive provisions for the education of her children. THE FIGURES. Total township fund January, i 1876 $2,079,182 96 Total swamp land fund 1876 1,088,200 13 Total county fund 1876 1,169,516 70 Total amount controlled by county $4,336,899 79 The total of state school fund 2,910,635 54 Total school fund of the state $7,248,535 33 To show the people of the county how the state school money has gained in the amount apportioned, the figures of the different years are given together. Very few are aware of the rapid increase of this fund or even aware of the amount annually apportioned to this county. STATE SCHOOL MONEY. State school fund apportioned 1852 $410 80 State school fund apportioned 1953 450 50 State school fund apportioned 1854 611 lO 204 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. For a number of years the money apportioned and distributed was all put together. The state fund, however, for 1871 and apportioned May 1872, was $3,466. This shows a decided gain for the years first given. There were that year eighty-four schools in Henry County for white children and four for colored, and there were eighty-four school buildings in the county. The enumeration showed children of school age in the county, January i, 1873, 7,286, and in 1874 they numbered 6,737. The state school money for those years was : For 1874, $4,227.80; 1875, $4,442.30, and the number of children of school age in the county numbered for 1875, 7,230. The same year Henry County had the following permanent school fund : Total township fund $23,3 17 89 Total swamp land fund 10,022 88 Total county fund 5,613 65 Total $38,954 42 Henry County had 98 school houses in 1875, and rented four more buildings for school purposes. The value of school property in the county was $64,198.74, and the wages paid teachers the same year (1875) aggregated $22,648.22. These figures show the rapid advance made in the county for a more perfect school system. The tax levy for a number of years has been quite heavy, and the sums thus voluntarily paid have done much to place the educational facilities of Henry County not only on a firm foundation, but have placed her in the line of educational facil- ities and genuine progress, in the front rank of counties in the state. 1880. The schools show a commendable advance in the past five years. The state, county and township funds have gradually increased, and the receipts for school purposes correspondingly advanced. More schools were needed and furnished, and the demand in all departments fully met. The general statistics for 1880, and published January i, 1881, are here given: Number of children of school age, white 7.729 Number of children of school age, colored 315 8,044 Number of school houses in the county 108 Number of school houses rented ' 7 115 Number of schools kept in 1880 115 Value of school property ... $79,835 00 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 20$ Number of teachers employed, males 103 Number of teachers employed, females 75 178 Average salary of teachers, males $36 ,10 Average salary of teachers, females 31 05 Average salary paid teachers $33 57 Total amount of salary paid teachers $25,417 04 Total amount of township fund for 1880 $23,536 53 Total amount of county fund for 1880 I7.990 05 Total township and county permanent fund. . $41,526 58 RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES. • Cash on hand first of school year $ 13,398 15 State school fund received 5,594 50 County school fund received 1.405 1 1 Township school fund received 2,061 80 From all other'sources 365 70 From taxation 28,200 12 Total receipts $ 5 1,025 38 Total expenditures 37,209 20 Balance on hand, January i, 1881 $i3,8j6 18 This shows a healthy state of the school finances, but still there is no special necessity for so large an amount remaining on hand at the end of the year. It might go to the permanent fund, so that by-and-by, tax- ation might be lessened. The following interesting report of the Clinton Graded School is appended : CLINTON. To the Hon. R. D. Shannon, Superintendent of Public Schools of Mis- souri : Dear Sir — Under the provisions of section 7138, Revised Statutes, I have the pleasure of submitting the following report of the public graded school of Clinton school district for the school year beginning Septem- ber 8, 1879 : Number of white persons in the district between six and twenty years of age 987 Number of colored persons in the district between six and twenty years of age 148 Total enumeration of white and colored i,i35 206 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Total enrollment of white pupils 814 Total enrollment colored pupils 131 Total enrollment of white and colored pupils 945 Number of pupils enrolled between six and sixteen years of age 792 Number of pupils enrolled between sixteen and twenty years of age 22 Average number of days attendance by each pupil enrolled. 99 7- 10 Number of days school has been taught 174 Total number of days attendance by all pupils 94,234 Average number of pupils attending each dayf 542 Number of teachers employed in the district during the year 12 Average salaries of teachers per month $46 33 Highest salary paid to teachers. (Principal $1,000) 40 00 Lowest salary paid to teachers 35 00 Number of school houses in the district . . 2 Number of buildings rented for school purposes 2 Number of pupils that may be seated in the various schools. 810 Number of white schools 3 Number of colored schools i Average cost per day on daily attendance .*. . .6| Value of school property in the district $20,000 00 Average rate per $100, levied for school purposes in the dis- trict .60 Assessed value of property in the district $757,160 00 Amount on hand at the beginning of the school year 4,062 14 Amount received for tuition fees 52 50 Amount received from public funds, (state, county, and township) 13,282 58 Amount realized from taxation 8,180 28 Amount paid for teachers' wages in district during the year. 4,616 55 Amount paid for fuel in the district during the year Amount paid for repairs or rent of school houses during the year Amount paid for apparatus and incidental expenses in the district for the year Amount expended in defraying past indebtedness Balance in hands of treasurer at close of year 4,283 69 Very respectfully, E. P. LAMKIN, Superintendent. This school has become noted for its proficiency and the success which has attended its course for the past few years. The building is a fine one, and its appurtenances throughout belong to the latest and most approved method of teaching. Two years ago there was a fine addition added to it, almost equal to its former dimensions, and even this now is hardly adequate to the demand upon it. The state fund is increasing, showing a steady gain. So do the county and township funds,*as fines, penalties, estrays, etc., are added to them yearly 99 87 511 46 476 01 2,920 00 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 20/ The apportionment from the state, May, 1881, amounted to. . $ 5,771 57 Township fund, same time 2,909 96 County fund, same time 3.076 83 Total. .' $11,758 36 The figures from these three sources for May, 1882, amounted to $12,260.03. THE STATE. Missouri as a state is not behind her sisters in advancing the cause of education, and to-day the permanent school fund of the state, includ- ing the township and county fund, exceeds that of any state in the Union, Indiana alone excepted. The school fund of Indiana from all sources and perma- nent is $9,065,254 73 That of Missouri 8,950,805 71 A difference in favor of the former $ 1 14,449 02 The school property of the state was valued January i, 1881, at $7,353,401.22. Tnere is not a particle of doubt that the sum dedicated to educa- tional purposes in permanent funds and school property aggregates the sum of $16,500,000. When the population of the state is considered, the destruction and loss occasioned by the civil war, the prompt manner in which the state has upheld and sustained the education of her sons and daughters has had no superior among her sister states, and but few if any equals. When the constitution gives one-quarter of the income annually to the support of this system of popular education, and fines and penalties are turned over to its use, and the counties of the state annually levy a tax according to their population of from ten to twenty thousand dollars irb addition to all that may arise from the permanent fund, will any one say that the educational interests of youths of this state are neglected.-* No state in the union can boast of a better system, or has shown a greater desire to advance the cause of popular education, of religion and mor- ality, and she stands the peer, having few equals and no superiors in the constellation of states that forms this glorious union. Rich in agricul- tural resources and mineral wealth, blest with a climate unsurpassed for its healthfulness, a soil rich and inexhaustible, it needs but the teaching of the rising generation that honor and manhood, combined with intel- lectual culture is the stepping stone to future greatness, and it is for them to advance and develop these to make her a beacon light, and an example for her sister states to emulate. CHAPTER Xlll. MURDERS, ASSASSINATIONS AND ROBBERIES. THE BLUDGEON FOR KING; THE KNIFE FOR HARPER; THE PISTOL FOR WILLIAMSON AND ROBIN; THE SHOT GUN FOR MILLER AND EDMONDSON; THE HAMMER OR HATCHET FOR CLARK, AND A SHOT IN THE DARK FOR EZELL— STAND STILL AND HOLD UP YOUR HANDS WAS THE CHEERING WORDS WHICH MET D. B LAMBERT AND ARRESTED A GAME OF CROQUET— CRIMES IN HENRY COUNTY AND THEIR PUN- ISHMENT—THE GALLOWS, THE PENITENTIARY AND THE REAPER, " DEATH " ASSASSINATION OF SCOTT D. KING. One of those cold-blooded assassinations which sometimes shock the world for its cool and deliberate fiendishness, was the murder of Scott D. King, by a relative named John Lester. The act was committed in Lafayette County, but the trial, conviction and hanging was performed in Henry County, brought here on a change of venue. The motive ■seemed to have been, from the testimony, the securing of property. It was even said that his own mother came near being a victim to his hell- ish cupidity and passion. The principal witness was a John B. Horton, whom Lester approached with a proposition to murder King. At first lie seemed willing, and the character he bore was none too good, but his ■coward heart failed him. He, like a sleuth hound, dogged Lester's steps ■until he claimed, and Lester afterward admitted, that the latter had committed the murder. Horton turned state's evidence, thereby saving his own neck as an accessory. The body of King was found and the excitement ran so high, especially as it was rumored and believed that his mother, too, was to have been a victim, that Judge Lynch was in a fair way to become judge, jury and executioner. He was brought here on the 9th day of June, 1846, and after a fair and impartial trial was con- victed and sentenced to be hung. He was executed in the south part of the town, the gallows having been erected very near if not upon the spot where the depot of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas railroad now stands. This was the first hanging in Henry County. Lester had •decoyed King into the woods and when he got him there, stepped behind him, and without warning struck King a violent blow on his head with a club crushing the skull and producing undoubtedly almost instant death. The condition of his head showed that the blow would HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 209 have killed him had no other been struck, the fiend, however, did not intend to leave anything to a chance recovery, and beat his victim until his death was sure. John B. Horton left the country, and the next heard of him he had killed a man in Virginia, and was arrested, tried, convicted and executed, in that state. The trial of Lester commenced on June 9, 1846, before Judge Foster P. Wright, being an adjourned April term. The jury was as follows: William H. Cock, foreman; Mason C. Fewell, Mark Funk, George Cart- ridge, Archibald C. Legg, William Coff, John C. Rayburn, Valentine Bell, Peyton S. Banister, James F. Nichols, Charles B. Bradford and Phil- lip Elkins. The jury, after four days' trial, brought in a verdict of murder in the first degree, and on Saturday morning, June 13, 1846, Judge Wright sen- tenced him to be hung on Friday, July 31, 1846, which sentence was duly executed at twelve o'clock that day. THE EXECUTION OF PATTERSON. [From the Clinton Advocate ] Friday, July 22, 188 r, caine at last — it caine all too soon, no doubt, for the condemned man. A full, fair and an impartial trial had; two stays of execution had been granted by the supreme court to permit a full investigation of the proceedings in the lower court; the governor had been appealed to by his counsel, and they had made the last effort they could to save him from the scaffold, but there was now no hope. He must expiate his crime and answer to the law for the life of his victim. " Whoso shedded man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed." There is no vengeance in it. It is the strong arm of the law taking hold of him who disregards the law, that society may be protected and men be secure in their persons and property from those who would assault or despoil them. Least of all was there vengeance in this case. Thirteen years before the ciime had been committed, men's passions had cooled and no one was crying for his blood. No friend of the murdered man was in court to prosecute. There was no one near who had any feeling against the accused; no one who felt any interest in his victim or even knew him. There was no one to prosecute except the ofificers of the law; no prosecuting witnesses in anger and heat to color a tale for effect. It was a dispassioned trial, if ever there was one, and resulted in a verdict of guilty. John W. Patterson paid the penalty of his crime on the scaf- fold to-day. The morning light had hardly beamed in the eastern sky, when the crowds began to pour into town to witness the hanging. And here let us remark that while the prosecution of John W. Patterson was calm and dispassioned, and there was no unseemly demand for his con- viction, yet it bespeaks to our mind a depraved and diseased condition 210 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY, of society that brings together such a crowd to witness his execution. What is it they come to see? What motive prompts them to come? The law will take its course, and its offended majesty be vindicated by the proper officers and their necessary attendants. There is no need of others. THE CLOSING SCENE. At II o'clock Captain G.W.Armstrong- assisted by Lieutenants Kitchen and Scott, marshaled the Patterson Guards in the court house square, and marched them over to the jail, and formed there in two lines in front. The condemned man was brought out by the sheriff, assisted by Deputy EUiston and others, and was placed in a carriage between two deputies and driven to the place of execution west of town, on an open space across the creek, opposite the woolen mill, where the gallows had been erected, the guards, numbering about fifty armed men, attending close to the carriage during the journey, and the immense crowd following and going with it. The prisoner was taken at once to the scaffold, and Rev. Mr. Pierce read a selection from scripture and offered an appropriate prayer, after which the death warrant was read. He then shook hands with his attor- neys, McBeth and Fyke, and several others on the stand. A couple of straps were then put around his legs, and arms pinioned behind his back. The black cap was then drawn over his eyes. He shook hands with Sheriff Hopkins, and immediately after the sheriff cut the rope, and the trap fell at 11:49, ^"'^ ^t one minute past 12 he was pronounced to be dead. The physicians attending were Schilling, Boyer, Land, Jr., Hardi- man, Stewart and Jennings. The prisoner manifested no concern but bore up throughout the trying ordeal with stoic indifference; made no remarks, but expiated his crime in silence. May the lesson not be for- gotten by those who witnessed the execution or may read of it. A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE CRIME. During the last days of November or the first of December, 1868, a man was found lying dead on the prairie in Leesville Township, near Cole's .«;tore, in this county, with two wounds on his head and his throat cut. The wounds had the appearance of having been made with the pole of a hammer or hatchet, and the throat as having been cut or haggled with some dull instrument. The body was found by Isaac, son of J. R. Halford, some distance from the main road, out in the high grass. A sack and a part of a blanket were found near the body, more or less bloody, the sack being marked " Hezekiah Patterson." The body was recognized by Mr. Henry Bradley as a man who had stayed at his house the night previous, and who gave his name as Clark. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 211 THE MURDERED MAN. James G. Clark was a resident of St. Clair County. Some time in November Mr. Clark took a trip to St. Louis, it is said to get money to pay an indebtedness upon his farm. He went to St. Louis, returned to Sedalia, and there bought some lumber and employed James W. Patter- son .with his team to haul his lumber to his farm. With the lumber, some chairs and a sofa, the pair leave Sedalia in an ol^ government wagon, with a broad tire and covered. The first we hear of them is in this county, some twelve miles southeast of Clinton. Here they stopped on the banks of the Tebo for the night. Mr. Clark, not being well con- cluded to stay in-doors if possible, consequently he went to a house near by and got permission to stop for the night with the family. Next day they took up their journey. Mr. Clark, not being well, was lying on the lumber and happened to fall asleep. Patterson saw this, and to carry out, as he afterwards confessed, a determination to kill him and secure his money, took up a hatchet, crept towards him and dealt him a blow with the pole of the instrument on the head, crushing in the skull. A second blow was given, and to finish the man effectually, his throat was struck with the edge of the hatchet a time or two. He went on a piece, turned out of the road and drove out in the prairie, threw the body, out, drove back into the main road and passed on to Prownington. Here, at the store of Doyle & Avery, Patterson unloads his wagon, sells a chair or two and returned to Sedalia, as he averred. A day or two after the body is found, recognized and suspicion directed to the driver of the broad-tired wagon, which was traced to and from the body, and had been noticed afterward going north toward Sedalia. A company of some six men started upon this clue to hunt up the murderer. They went to Sedalia, found the wagon in the wagon yard and identified it as the one seen on the highway. Shortly after- ward the wagon team and driver were seen to pass up the street and stop at a blacksmith shop. The sheriff was found, a warrant for the arrest of Patterson issued, and the arrest made. Upon being arrested he demanded the cause of his arrest. Mr. Hornbeck and the party told him it was for the murder of Clark. He denied the charge, but said that his partner had been out there. Upon further conversation he admitted that he had been out there awd that his partner had killed Clark, and that he had tried to prevent it. The party then took charge of the prisoner and started for Clinton. As they were riding along, two by two, Hornbeck remarked that he (the prisoner) might as well confess, as there was a clear case against him. Patterson replied that he had tried to pray, but that he could not with a lie in his mouth, and that he might as well tell the whole truth, whereupon he gave a detailed account of how it was done. He stated that he saw Clark with two bills, which he 212 HISTORY OF IlENRV COUNTY. took to be $500 bills, but they afterward proved to be only $50 bills; that when he saw them he determined in his mind to kill Clark and have them. He accordingly laid plans for the consummation of his inten- tions. The night they camped on Tebo's banks he intended to com- mit the deed and throw the body into the stream. The opportunity came the next day as the victim lay asleep, and was taken advantage of with the results as stated. Pattersoi> was brought to Clinton and placed in the county jail, and an indictment for murder was brought against him. He was brought to trial and a change of venue taken to Morgan County. Here he suc- ceeded in breaking jail and making his escape, and for nearly twelve years succeeded in eluding justice. THE MANNER OF IHS RE-ARREST. The father of Patterson died in Jasper County some eight years ago, and in settling up the estate the administrator found among the papers a letter from John W. Patterson, from Illinois. A correspondence was the result, which led under the stimulant of a reward, to this re-arrest in August last, in Livingstone County, Illinois, where he was living under the assumed name of John Williams. When he found that he was fairly captured, he said: "I am your man; there is no use in denying it, for the folks out there know all about it." He was brought back to Clinton, indicted by a grand jury, tried, convicted and sentenced to be hung at the April term of the circuit court. A report came that a man in Granby, Newton County, had made a confession upon his death bed several years since that he had killed Clark. Upon the strength of this, the statement, word was sent to the prosecuting attorney of that county who, upon inquiring, found that such a confession had been made. Information to that effect was sent to T. J. Lingle on Wednesday night. Thursday morning Judge McBeth went to Jefferson City to confer with the governor, but he positively refused to interfere. Thus the last hope for a release faded from his view. It is very doubtful, however, whether he built very largely upon a respite, knowing so well his guilt. When told of the governor's deci- sion he simply remarked, "that settles it." ON THE BRINK HE STEALS A WATCH. Although his days had been numbered, and the time set for his exe- cution, yet it seems not to have given him any serious concern for the hereafter, or caused him to amend his conduct. The ruling passion was still strong in the face of death, as the following incit'ent shows: HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 213 One of the attendants at the jail some time since missed a u atch that he had left hanging near Patterson's cell. A few days ago Patterson desired to send a small box of things to his wife. He had the box nailed up, and requested that it should not be opened, but his wish was disregarded and the box opened, and in it was found the missing watch. In a note he had stated that the watch was given him by his cell mate, and he sent it as a present to his infant son. One of Patterson's fellow prisoners stated that Patterson had fastened a crooked pin to a stick and hooked the watch in. Sometime in June, Patterson wrote what he claims to be his last words. He must be a hardened wretch, indeed, who can pass into eter- nity with so palpable a falsehood upon his lips. His several confessions, voluntarily made, and fully corroborated by the evidence, leaves no shadow of a doubt in the minds of any one as to his guilt. Had there been another guilty of the crime, and in his power, as was this so-called ' partner, he would certainly have made an effort to have had him traced up, but singularly enough he seemed never to have thought that by hnd- ing this man his own innocence would be established. The following is THE STATEMENT. Clinton, Missouri, June, 1881. Having been asked a good many times since my re-arrest last August, why I did not have any plea to make in my own behalf, I will just say here in answer to all such questions, that I was caught foul in the first place, without any show for my life, and that I have been under disadvantages ever since, and consequently I thought it would be of no profit to me in any way, shape or form in my present trouble, for I could not back up what I might say with evidence as required by law, for I have had no witnesses in my behalf and have had no show to get any, and considering that I am behind the bars where no man is supposed to tell the truth I have thought it best to keep still and say nothing. Nev- ertheless, I will state a few facts which I know to be the truth. In the first place I will call the minds of the people back to the beginning of this trouble of mine (in 1868). In 1868 I left home in Jasper County, Missouri, (my father having just moved into this state in the fall of 1868) to make a trip to Sedalia on purpose of getting some boxes of household goods belonging to my parents, (the goods having been shipped through by rail). Next morning after arriving in Sedalia I met this man Clark, who was looking for some one to haul a load for him. When I found out what he wanted I refused him. But I wanted to get my wagon repaired before going home, and after I ascertained that three or four days would elapse before I could get the wcrk done on the wagon; then I chanced to meet Clark on the street again and he insisted that I haul the load for him. While I was considering the mat- ter this partner of mine (spoken of in the testimony at my trial) he spoke up and said if I would let him have the team he would make the trip, as he was out of work and it would give him employment and help 2 14 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. to make expenses for rae while waiting to get my wagon fixed. He suggested that I could stay in town or go to my brother's in the country until he returned with the team. And, being young and entirely inexperienced in the ways of the world, having always remained pretty close at home and under the influ- ence of honest, upright and religious parents, and supposing also that everybody else was as good as their word, and this man (a so-called partner), who was a man I chanced to overtake on my way to Sedalia soon after leaving home. He asked me to let him ride; said he was traveling looking for work, he being near my size and about my com- plexion with short hair, while I at that time wore mine long and curled under at the bottom. His name I have forgotten, and he making me some very fair promises as to what he would do, when he would come back, his own charges, etc., I at last consented to let him take the team and make the trip, and expenses, if he could, in part until I could get my wagon repaired. So he loads up with lumber, a lounge-bedstead and two chairs (but no fishing tackle, as indicated in the evidence) and off he starts in company with this man Clark, what his christian name was T do not know, for I never heard of it as I know of until my re-ar- rest. How long he was gone with the team I don't remember now, but I was anxious to see him when he returned. When I met him on the street he said he had put the team in the stable and the wagon in the yard, and after going to the stable, finding the team all right, we then went to the hotel and registered our names; (name of hotel I have for- gotten) after supper he said to me that he believed that he would go to Illinois on the first train that came along, which, I believe, was between nine and ten o'clock that night; and that is the last that I have seen or heard of him since; and between supper and train time he told me all about the trouble he had been into, giving me the full particulars of the crime; what he done it for, how he done it, and what he done with 'the body, and also the load and that he had dropped a letter in the postoffice at or near the place that he left the load, stating in the letter to my father about what time I would be at home. (As I had directed him to as soon as he got through with his load and mail it at the first postoffice when he had an opportunity to do so). He said he thought he was detected when he seen a man cross the creek near where he was seen after throwing the body from the wagon, that some man was watching him when he run back next morning to get the sheep skin, after that he said he had no fear, and if I would keep still that he would give me big money, that he would pay me well for it. He told me he seen the man pay for the lumber, and thought he had big money with him. He then gave me the pocket book that was found in my possession next day. What it contained I do not know; all that I know of its contents is what the witnesses testified to on the stand. The next day I was arrested, taken up stairs in a building. The parties that arrested me searched me and found the pocket book. They kept me over night in that room under guard. They had made frequent remarks during the night of a mob, which I think was enough to make anybody's hair stand on end; and once the)' all jumped to their feet and looked from one to the other and said the mob had surrounded the house, and as like as not try to break in, (so they all expressed themselves) and then there was several words passed in regard to a mob while on HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 21$ the road from Sedalia to Henry County, which was just previous to the time that I made the confession to them, and according to the best of my recollections of my experience at that time I was in the right mind to have told almost anything that I was asked to tell; ignorant of the consequences, and the result was that I related the circumstances of the crime just as they were detailed to me but two evenings before, only placing myself in the stead of the real criminal. It seems a strange mystery to me now why I did so, unless through fright; and then after the examination at the squire's, I heard them speaking or, for something about a mob, and which would be the best, that is, the safest road to go from there to avoid coming in contact with the mob, apparently talking as though they expected the mob at any time almost. And after starting for Clinton (it being then late in the evening) they took me off of the road some distance to stop over night, in order to baffle the mob, they said. I heard them say, one to another, that if the mob didn't find us that night that we would have no need to fear the next day. And, come to find out, there was no mob out at all. A strange memory, I think, that the witnesses could not recollect that anything was said about a mob, except once (that was in Sedalia), while they can remember the particular points so well, even to one man who goes so far as to say he recognizes me as being the same identical person that he spoke a few words to twelve years ago, and another man testified that I, while on the train between Sedalia and Clinton last August, drew a large pocket-book, or wallet, I believe he called it out of my pocket, saying at the same time that was all I got from my father's estate. Now, I think, that reasonable common sense will tell anybody that I had no such thing with me at the time, after they consider what my circumstances was then — being away from home when arrested and not been seen home since — I could not help telling the sheriff of Illinois, that he put a false addition to what he ought to have said, which if he had not done it, his evidence would have been worthless, in a manner, in behalf of the state — that wherein he testified that I said, "I did it, and the people there know it, and there is no use in denying it," this much of the statement is false. And Mr. Kehn's the railroad man's statement about drawing the wallet out of my pocket, is also false. And there is other points of evidence of the same character, that I could mention, but I consider this is sufficient to show the people that I have had no fair show for my life. That in the first place they scared a con- fession out of me, and one that suited them, on and at the trial there was more added to it, apparently in order to be sure to convict me, or at least it seemed so to me. I admit that I did wrong, and was to blame, more or less, in making the confession as I did, but I done it under restraint, although the witnesses had not the idea or impression that they did not try to influence me in that day. I have also seen, and that to my sorrow, since the beginning of this trouble, that I did wrong in not exposing the man while I had the opportunity — I mean to say while he was to be had. But I was young at that time and entirely inexperienced in the ways of the world; never had been in any trouble before where the law had to have anything to say. I was like all other boys, easily led astray and this has proved a sad experience to me, and not only sad to me but it is a sad affairto my bosom friend, my wife, and doubly sad to me on her account. 2l6 • HISTORY or HENR\ COUNTY, Now the thought may rise in the minds of some people why did he get married while in such circumstances? I admit that I done wrong in getting married and by so doing draw a good woman into shame and sorrow as I have done. But then let me reason the case to some extent; In the first place I am happy to say I had no evil principles or inten- tions, not inclined or disposed to become a renegade or outlaw, but, on the contrary, I was raised under honest, upright teachings and being so inclined it was my desire to settle down and make a good citizen of myself if I could. And considering that I had implements put into the jail to effect my escape with twelve years ago (by who, I know not) and having been home twice since my escape to visit my parents, the first time about four or five weeks after my escape, the second time about four years after; this last time I remained in Carthage with my parents over a week, and there was never any reward offered for me, or any stir made after me that I ever heard of, and having lived in the same neigh- hood in Illinois, undisturbed nearly ever since my escape. I naturally concluded that I never would be disturbed, and the best thing I could do would be to seek for myself a good companion and settle down and have a good home of my own as comfortable as I could under the cir- cumstances, which I believe I did with some honor as a citizen and neighbor. (As evidence in my trial goes to show.) Thank God I had lionor enough about me to make my living by the sweat of my brow, or in other words by hard work. Now I think I have said enough to explain my trouble from beginning to ending, as this statement will show, and, as I have stated above, it seems useless for me to say much in self defense, for I am behind the bars where people are all considered false. Although I have made a true statement, as best I can, people may not believe it, but I wanted the people to have a true history of the circumstances of this trouble before it is too late for me to write it. Whether believed or not they are my dying words. And the way the matter stands now I have no hopes of a future happiness in this world, although I have a wife and child in Illinois who long for my return; and allow me to say she is a true wife and a pleasant companion, and very dear to me, but my hopes for a future time in company with them is blasted, and as it were, like the dews of the morning vanished from sight. Now, wishing everybody well, I bid adieu to all. THE MURDER OF >nLLS. This was a cold blooded murder, yet not one premeditated. It was the result of a high temper, violent and ungovernable, and it wrecked the homes and lives of two families. On Monday morning, October loth, 1870, John W. Adkins, a well to do farmer, shot and killed a neighbor by the name of Mills. Mr. Adkins had some trouble about his hogs, and without examining into the mat- ter took it for granted that Mills was the trespasser, merely from the fact that he resided near Mr. Adkins' home and passed through a lane near his (Adkins) house. His hogs had been dogged and otherwise ill treated, and he had found them shut in his barn only a day or two HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 21/ before. Meeting Mills and his son on the morning above referred to, on their way to work hauling rock, Mr. Adkins, who was on horseback and armed with a shotgun, stopped Mills and accused him of being the aggressor. Mills denied all charges. Adkins cursed Mills and grew more violent as his anger increased, and told Mills if he thought he could fool with him he was barking up the wrong tree, and cocked his gun. Mills did not seem much alarmed, but picked up a piece of rock in the bottom of his wagon, and then threw it down. He rose, however, from his seat and faced Adkins, saying men who threatened had better look out for themselves. The latter immediately fired. The load of shot took effect in his side, just above his heart, and Mills fell, and caused his almost instant death. His son and a family of movers going by, who had stopped on hear- ing the loud talk and angry words were witnesses of the appalling crime. The movers were brought to town and gave their evidence, and then were permitted to proceed on their journey. Mr. Adkins went to his house and then fled from his home forever. A little while afterwards he was traced to Arkansas, but he was never arrested and has not again been seen in Henry County. He sent a deed of forty acres of land in Henry County to the widow of his victim, since which time he has not been heard from. He was never followed or prosecuted. His own family also remained here, and left the murderer to himself A rumor was current a few years ago that he had married in that state, but no one seems to have taken the trouble to find out. Just why he escaped the punishment justly deserved for his crime is hard to tell. Justice in this case was different from that in the case of Patterson. He was hanged years after, punished for his crime, and no one connected with his victim had a hand in securing for him his just deserts. ASSASSINATION OF JAMES H. EDMONDSON. One of the most deliberate and cold blooded assassinations that has happened in this or any other country, was the shooting of James H. Edmondson, on the night of September 26, 1869, at Calhoun, Henry County. Of this assassination little is to be said, for little is known out- side of the appalling fact. Mr. Edmondson had closed his store, and gone to the house, and having occasion to go out, did so. While but a little distance from the house, which was on the east side of the public square, he was hailed by some one with, " is that you, Jim.''" He did not catch the words at first, but said, "who's that.'*" The words came back, " is that you, Jim.'" in a muffled voice, and he answered, " yes." The word had scarcely left his lips, when the person fired a load of buckshot, striking him on his side and hip, and as he turned and raised himself received another charge in his shoulder and neck, and he 2l8 HISTORV OF HENRY COUNTY. fell prostrate. The firing had alarmed several and doors were flung •open, but the second shot followed so closely upon that of the first that no one could get out before the murderous work had been completed. The groans of the wounded man soon brought others besides his family, and he was carefully carried in and laid on his bed. Beyond the above remarks, which he was hardly able to utter, he made no sign, and soon the soul of James H. Edraondson had been wafted on spirit wings to his Maker. He did not recognize the voice, and nothing definite has ever been known. The work of death was on the public square, near the northeast corner. The murderer ran across the square, and crossed the railroad just south of the square and in the southwest corner of the town; beyond that he could not be traced. Edmondson had received no less than twenty-one buckshot, any one of which would have killed him, besides being grazed with others. The above number was found in his body, and whoever the murderous wretch was he meant to be sure of his work. Some time afterward a man by the name of Thomas A. Spotswood was arrested for the murder. Suspicion was strong against him, but the evi- dence was lacking. His trial was short and he was discharged. Over thirteen years have passed since this terrible tragedy took place and nothing reliable has yet been discovered as to who was the assassin, yet the belief has in no wise abated with many that Spotswood was the man. Thus was a young man in the prime of life, with large family con- nections and a host of friends, taken off to appease the hatred of some fiend in human form. RAPE AND JUDGE LYNCH. In July, 1870, a Miss George, while on her return from picking ber- ries, was stopped on her way home in broad day light, by a negro named John Sears, supposed to have had some Mexican blood in his veins. Sears drew a large knife and swore he would kill her, and in her fright he accomplished his hellish purpose. She was on a visit to her brother-in-law in Calhoun. She succeeded in getting home and told her sister. She instantly went to her husband and related the story, who gathered his neighbors and started a hunt for the criminal. He was tracked to near Clinton where he was captured and put in jail the same night. The next morning Judge Lynch gave his decision that the miscreant should be hung, and although the sheriff objected and stated he was not the judge whose orders he obeyed, the representa- tives of Judge Lynch gave the sheriff to understand that it was their business to obey orders and John Sears was taken to the court house yard and hung to a tree, the lynchers waiting around the doomed vil- lain to see that he was done kicking before they left. The crime was heinous and the punishment just, swift and terrible. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 2ig THE bullet's fatal WORK — WILLIAMSON GAYE UP HIS LIFE. The cause of the death of John S. Williamson was something of the nature of a family quarrel, and yet it was not. An uncontrolable temper and a fierce tongue were the moving causes which produced the fatal result. John S. Williamson and John G. Clark were both young men, and the latter was a suitor and aspired to the hand of Miss Williamson, a sister, in marriage. The Williamson family did not approve of the match, and John seemed to be particularly and determinedl}- opposed to it. It is hard, even at this day, to get anything like a history of this sad affair. Neighbors and friends on both sides will not talk about it, and others reply, " well, yes, I remember the affair, but really I don't know anything about it only from heresay." Well, can you give us what you know.-* " Yes, but really I didn't know aaything; there was some objections to Clark waiting upon Miss Williamson, and there was some feelings, but really I didn't know anything about it. I heard some- thing of the kind, etc." It will be seen from such guarded expression that there was little to be found out, and what objection the family had to Clark will not be given even by those who know, whether' from fear, policy or friendship, is a matter which the writer cannot explain. The above is the substance of some half a dozen enquiries to learn the true facts. Outside of these the writer interviewed many others, whose chief reply was, " Well, yes, I remember the circumstance, and if you will go to such a one he can tell you all about it." That person was found but all he knew was simply nothing, but such a person could give the information, and at least a half dozen were interviewed. The facts were simply that the young men were not on good terms, The victim was opposed to Clark as a brother-in-law, and he used one night at a neighbors, where Clark was in the habit of visiting, some very abusive language in regard to Clark. Whether Clark was there or came in after is not stated, but Clark came, the language about him he soon learned of, and he informed Williamson that it must be settled. A few days after, in company of two young men, he went to the field where Williamson was stacking haj". Williamson was on the stack and Clark rode up and demanded a retraction of the language above referred to. This Williamson refused to do, and Clark drew his pistol, as also did Williamson. Two or three shots were fired by each when Williamson fell, shot through the body, just over his heart and below his left shoulder. Clark escaped unhurt. Williamson was taken home and lived but a few hours. It was said that the young men who accompanied Clark had no idea of a fatal termination of their visit, but expected that Williamson would retract and went as witnesses to settle the quarrel. The princi- pals, however, took the matter in their own hands, and the end proved 220 HISTORY OFHENKV COUNTY. disastrous. Clark was aricsted, or gave himself up, was duly indicted and put in jail a short time. He was, however, in poor health, and was released on giving bail in the sum of $15,000. He lived but a short time dying of heart disease before his final trial. This is the substance of all the writer gleaned or could gather of this sad and tragic affair, and this was submitted to a party who knew, or was supposed to know as much about it as anyone, but who dis- claimed all but heresay knowledge, but said that the above was about the facts of the case as he had heard. The shooting and death of Will- iamson occurred in January, 1872. CHAPTER XIV. "SATAN FINDS WORK FOR IDLE HANDS TO DO." THE WORK OF FIENDS— SELF DEFENSE IS NOT MURDER— IT WAS THE GAME OF "DEAD OPEN AND SHUT"— AND THEY LOST EVERY TIME-PISTOLS VS. CROQUET MAL- LETS—PISTOLS THE WINNER- A CRAZY WOMAN'S CRIME- KILLING EZELL. NOT FOR A CRIME, BUT BECAUSE HE WOULDN'T STAY ARRESTED-" TELL MY SISTER THAT I LEAVE HER ALL MY PROPERTY, I AM DYING "-VERDICT, JURY COULD NOT AGREE— THE END. THE HOPKINS TRAGEDY. There was a great excitement occasioned in the year 1874, by the killing of George Hopkins, by William Bailey. Before the trial was ended, and before and after, there were many assertions made that the prosecution was carried on in a spirit of vengeance, and that hatred of Bailey by some half a dozen persons was the groundwork of the prose- cution, and that those persons swore they would have him hung. Not only was he the subject of this reported persecution, but his mother was also the recipient of the hatred and undying vengeance of these men. Whether true or not, the mother was caused to suffer because she did not and would not believe her son guilty of murder, but only acting in self defense. Whether these rumors were true or not, William Bailey was tried, convicted and sent to prison for four years for murder in the second degree. His lawyers promptly appealed the case, but before the supreme court could act in the case, he had been in the penitentiary four months, and had also suffered an imprisonment in jail, and his mother had been confined there five months, when she was released. The supreme court decided that he was not guilty of murder and his release was ordered. The general impression sided with the supreme court. In the trial two of the jury were for acquittal, six for a four years' term in state prison and four for hanging. The action of the supreme court ended their legal troubles, but they were ruined finan- cially and Mrs. Bailey broken in health. PARTICULARS OF IHE ROBBERY OF LAMBERT'S STORE IN CLINTON, MISSOURI. * [From the Advocate, May, 1875. J Heretofore Clay County has been the scene of outlawry, but now Henry County comes in, and for daring recklessness, what is truthfully told below, has never had an equal here. 222 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. D. B. Lambert keeps a thriving country store twelve miles north of Clinton. His store stands alone on the prairie, and in a portion of it he lives. The store is the resort for young people in that neighborhood. A croquet set is planted there, and on Thursday last. May 13, 1875, at 7 P. M., in the yard a part}^ of eight were playing croquet, and Mr. Lam- bert was in the store. Two strangers, tall, slim and genteel men, rode up and came in, and after a few minutes in came two more, looking simi- lar to the others. Just as they were inside the door the first drew a pis- tol and told Lambert to stand, and the other two went to the croquet ground and told the eight croqueters to " Walk in, ladies and gentle- men, and be seated." Three of the robbers came in and assisted in guarding them while the fourth one robbed the store. Lambert was marched into the rear room with the others. In the meantime a little over $300 in greenbacks was taken, also a very favorite silver watch, a fine shotgun, two revolvers and a lot of other goods from the store. They turned up every box in the house, and searched every corner. They came in from the west, and when they left started in the direction of Clinton. They were all well dressed, well armed, and mounted on the finest of horses. No uncouth language was used by any of the robbers. Lambert had his money in his pocket, also his watch, v/hen they made him shell out. The robbing was done so quickly that a blacksmith, 100 yards dis- tant, pounded away and knew nothing of it until it was over. Mat. Dorman is a truthful citizen and lives near Clinton, and he has stated that about noon last Tuesday he was in company with two of the Younger Brothers and two other men, and that he conversed with them; and, further, he states that he is personally acquainted with both of the Younger Brothers. It is supposed that their companions are Jesse and Frank James. About one year ago two men came to Lambert's store, and he saw and suspected them from their actions, and he thinks two of this gang are the same ones. Noeffort is being made by any officers in Clinton to capture these outlaws, and it is not supposed that there will be. LATER. In my telegram last night I recited what I had learned from the party w4io was captured by the Claude Duvals at Lambert's store. To-day I made a hasty drive to the store, and there met D. B. Lambert, the proprietor, his wife, Miss Bessie Sharp and A. S. Mulholland, all of whom were in the storeroom while the bandits went through it in a sys- tematic manner. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 223 The bandits halted north of the store five minutes, in a fence cor- ner, and held a consultation; then rode past, hitched their horses and two entered. One called for a cigar, and fumbling it with his left hand coolly drew a ten-inch, dazzling bright revolver, and rubbing it under Lambert's nose, told him to throw up his hands. Then followed the robbing reported yesterday. With his hands above his head they marched him and Miss Sharp up stairs, and a systematic se^irch was- made but no money found. It seems that they had been told that Lambert had $3,000 or $4,0001 in gold about the house, and the leader told him that he would give him,' till he counted ten to display it. With a pistol at his forehead he com- menced to count — one, two, three, four, and at this the heroic Miss Sharp rushed between them. He was then taken to the back yard, and one man pointed a cocked pistol at his head while another twisted his wrists, and there he stood, pleading for mercy and telling them they had all his money. His true and brave wife could stand this no longer, and she struck the highwayman a powerful blow in the stomach, whicli caused him to release his grasp. One hour and a half was occupied in this cool and systematic robbery, and during that time all of the men were compelled to keep their hands clasped over their heads. They all say the leader was the coolest man they ever saw. He con- trolled every movement and did nearly all the talking. When ready to leave, they led the eight captives to the back yard, huddled them' together, and in true knightly style mounted their handsome, agile- horses and rode off in a dashing cavalry style. All but the leader wore white handkerchiefs around their necks and' slouched their hats over their eyes. Nothing of the false face or masque was used. The leader did not pretend to disguise himself in any way. Mrs. L. told him he had been at the store before and he said it was so, and he told her not to look at him too close, as she might know him' again, and he turned his back on her. On the little finger of his left hand he wore a beautiful gold ring with a brilliant set therein. He is- fully six feet in hight, short light hair, short sandy chin whiskers and mustache, light brown eyes, spare made, well shaped face, long arms and can look another straight in the eye. He said he had been an outlaw ever since the war. The hands of each of the four were white and soft. Their language indicated that they were Americans. They were well' dressed and well behaved. None of them was over thirty years of age,, and one of them was quite a small man. Everyone present was fully convinced that they were experts at the business, and seemed to think that others who came in contact with them in similar manner to what we have recorded had better lay down the spoils. The store was filled all day with country folks, and it is estimiated that Mr. Lambert has. 224 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. , answered 1 1,000 questions. On the next day Mr. Lambert found his 1 shotgun in a neighbor's field. This bold robbery astonished the people of Henry County, and not- withstanding it was done in broad daylight, the women of Henry County persisted for months in looking under their beds for robbers, before retir- ing for the night. This history has, however, no record where that search proved successful, and the writer is happy in being able to ■embalm this fact in the pages of history. The women, however, were not all alone, for the men got together, and concluded now that the horses had been stolen, it was a good time to lock the stable door, or in other words, a meeting was called to take into consideration the propri- ety of forming a vigilant committee, " an organization," says the call, " that will be strictly legal." "All citizens who were opposed to highway robbery," were cordially invited to attend. There was not a doubt but that Mr. Lambert's friends were largely in a majority at the meeting, which was held May 21, 1875. It was certainly a serious matter to be thus afflicted right in grasshopper time, though it is believed to be an assured fact that misfortunes never come singly. DEATH OF F. H. RABINE. On Saturday, August 19, 1876, John H. Light shot and killed F. H. J Rabine. They were both engaged in the pottery business at Calhoun, Mr. Rabine for something over three years and Light about one. They had, it seems, become jealous of each other and from ill words came threats of bodily harm. This was probably the result of being in the same business, and the tragedy seemed to have been brought on by the tell-tale peculiarity of a Calhounite, who it seems, reported to Rabine, that Light, who had just finished burning a kiln of ware, remarked to this third party that Rabine, or some of Rabine's hands, had put some- thing in his slack or glazing, which had seriously damaged the ware, in fact he claimed that out of $200 he would only realize $20 worth of good ware. This accusation was borne to the ears of Rabine, who became highly incensed. This was the prelude to the fatal difficulty. On Saturday, as above stated, both parties met on the platform at the railroad depot, just as the western bound passenger train arrived. Rabine, armed with a ■good sized club, which he carried concealed by his side, accosted Light, -demanding to know if he. Light, had accused him of putting something in his slack. Light replied that he had said that either he, Rabine, or some of his hands had done so. A few words passed when Rabine dealt Light a heavy blow on the nose with his club felling him and repeated the blow twice after Light was down. The first blow broke Light's nose and stunned him, as soon as he recovered sufficiently to understand things he tried to rise to his feet an.d draw a revolver, as he did so Rabine started to HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 22$ run when Light fired two shots in quick succession at the fleeing man both shots taking effect in his back near the spine. Rabine, after being shot, jumped from the platform, ran a few steps and fell. He dropped his club and regaining his feet ran home, a distance of about 250 yards- Arriving at the house he sat down in the door way and said to his wife: ^'John Light has shot and killed me." These were his last and only words, and he fell over dead, not living two minutes after reaching his doorstep. Mrs. Rabine became frantic at once, and soon the neighbors were aroused. Light went home, but was soon told that he had killed Rabine. He expressed no regret, but stated he was willing to stand his trial. Such, says the Clinton Democrat, was the substance of the matter as related by eye witnesses. An inquest was held over the body on Sunday morning. Light was arrested, but waiving examination before a justice, he gave bail in the sum of $2,000 to appear the next day at the circuit court, then in session at Clinton. Judge Wright empanneled a special grand jury, and an indictment was found of manslaughter in the second degree. John H. Light, still a resident of Calhoun, was of medium hight, light hair, blue eyes, and rather prepossessing in appearance and thirty- five years of age. He was born in Batavia, Clearmont County, Ohio. He had a wife, but no children. Rabine, the man killed, was a German, and came to Calhoun from Huntingdale, and to the latter place from Knob Noster. He had fol- lowed the business in both places successfully, and had removed to Cal- houn to get on a line of railway, and to enlarge his facilities and increase the manufacture of his wares. He left a wife and three children. The pistol used was an Allan's patent seven-shooter. No. 22 car- tridge. The trial came off on the 29th of August, ten days after the fight, and the following constituted the jury: E. S. Morgan, foreman; S. W. Billingsley, D. E. A. Price, John Hopton, Richard Marshall, George Kel- lums, Robert Gilbert, J. H. Cannon, William Ellis, Daniel Golden, G. W. Hancock and E. O. Price. The verdict was: " We, the jury, find the defendant not guilty." He was immediately discharged by command of Judge Wright. MURDER OF JAMES HARPER BY HIS STEP MOTHER. The following terrible tragedy was the work of a lunatic, which at ■first was not thought by a good many persons. There maybe some even to this day who have doubts, but the best medical minds are satisfied. The woman has been in the asylum at Fulton nearly ever since the occurrence, and her second trial came off in Vernon County on a change 226 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. of venue in November, but upon full investigation the prosecuting attor- ney, C. C. Dickinson, declined to prosecute. The keeper of the asylum and the physician gave explicit belief in Mrs. Harper's insanity, and her husband. Dr. Harper, has always believed, and has done all he could, since satisfied of the fact, to shield her. On the withdrawal of prose- cution she was taken back to Fulton and again incarcerated, with no hope of ever leaving the institution alive. Her actions were a mixture of saneness and insanity, but there is no doubt that had not her mother caught the gun she, too, would have been killed, and then, feeding on the excitement, her child would have been the next victim, coupled with self-destruction. The following, taken from the Clinton Advocate of October 13th, 1881, is a graphic account as detailed to coroner's jury on Monday, the loth of October, the next day after the murder. The Advocate says: Crime develops itself in many ways, and often crops out where least expected, and often in a manner to send a shock of horror to even such as are familiar with it in all its phases. Such a crime, and one for which there seemed not the least provocation, occurred in this county Sunday morning last, it being no less than the inhuman butchering o( a seven year old child by a step-mother. The woman who stands charged with this heineous crime is Mrs. Mary M. Harper, wife of Dr. James P. Harper, who lives in Honey Creek Township, about twelve miles northwest of Clinton. Her maiden name was Dejarnette, and was married to Dr. Harper three years ago last month in Bates County, near Altoona. The family consisted of Dr. Harper, his wife, and two children and Mrs. Dejarnette, mother of Mrs. Harper. Dr. Harper is well known throughout the county and is a practicing physician. So far as the out- side world knows, he got along harmoniously with his wife and family. The murdered child is the issue of a first marriage with Miss Mary Brown. The child is represented as having been a bright, intelligent one, for its age, and of an even, quiet disposition. If there was any unpleasant relations existing between' the child and its step-mother, it was not known in the neighborhood. The sad tragedy occurred a little after nine o'clock last Sunday morning, the particulars of which, as here given, were gleaned from the evidence of Mrs. Dejarnette, and conversations of different parties who were on the ground soon after the deed was committed. At the coroner's inquest the first witness examined was Reuben Mor- gan who said: "Yesterday morning about 9 o'clock I came here to the school house to church. After I got to the church I went to the well to get a drink of water, about the time I commenced drinking I heard an unusal noise in this direction, like some person was in distress. I then hastened to the front yard of the school house and some men were standing there. I HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 22/ told them theie was some person in distress and we ought to see after it, and that quick. They started for this place a foot and I got on horseback. About half way the young men halted and I rode up and asked them the trouble there; they answered there was a little boy in the field with his throat cut. I turned my eyes in that direction. I saw the boy naked and bloody all over — pretty much. I then still heard the noise at the house like thej^ were in distress, like I heard at the school house. I didn't halt there. I told the boys to take charge of the boy and I would ride up to the house and see what was the trouble here. When I got opposite the end of the yard fence running east I saw Mrs. Dejarnette and Mrs. Harper standing at the east fence east of the cook room. I sprung off my horse as quick as I could and went in the direction ot the ladies where they were standing. When I got opposite the gate east of the porch I saw they had a double-barreled shot gun, one pulling and the other pulling. Mrs. Harper observed, not to come there for the gun was cocked. I told her it did not make any difference with me, the gun was what I wanted and the gun I must have. The muz- zle of the gun was through the crack in the plank fence. As I passed b)^ that I went pretty lively until I got hold of it — I had to go in front of the gun, Mr. Depew came to my assistance. I told him to take hold of the woman, Mrs. Harper. I then went down the lane. I helped the young men bring the boy to the house on a bed cover. Mrs. Harper told me I 'had just as well let that boy die, for bleeding to death was the easiest death any one could die on earth.' After we had got the boy on the bed I was trying to make him as comfortable as possible, for he was very much chilled. She remarked again, I ' had just as well let that boy die for him and her couldn't live.' Young Dan. Randolph, Bud. Dobyns and others helped me bring the boy in. Harper's house and school house is on the public road leading east and west from Big Creek bridge and Dobyn's school house. The school house is west of Dr. Harper's residence about 200 steps. I put the boy in the east and sputh room known as cook room. He was wounded on the arm, seemed to be pretty deep cut about the elbow— seemed to have been made by some- thing like a knife. I saw a knife in Mrs. Dejarnette's possession which was said to have done the cutting — bleeding freely from neck, held his head down. All he ever said to me was that he wanted to go to his Aunt Ann's (Mrs. Murphy, who kept him a great deal.) When we first took him up the boy was scared, and it was with difficulty that we could get him out of the buggy. I told him I would take him and stay with him, that he should not be hurt— I would stay with him until his pa came. Chris. Beck's little boy spoke to him — he approached the little boy and asked him what was the matter, and he said his ma had cut his throat. I so understood this from young Lorenzo Beck. I remained in and about the 228 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. room from nine to about one, young Daniel Randolph and Mr. Byron Homan most of the time, also Mr. Depew." The following is the testimony of Mrs. Polly Ann Dejarnette : "I reside in Bates County, Missouri. I was here at Dr. Harper's Sunday morning. I came here the first day of September, i88i. Mrs. Harper is my daughter. Everything was peace and quietude yesterday morning, and a couple of little boys of Mr. Friend's came over to get some glycerine, and Mrs. Harper got the glycerine. I came to the door with her and the little boys and she said: 'tell your ma to come down,' and the next I heard little Jimmie scream. I supposed she was putting glycerine in his nose, which was sore, and I came to the door, got there as quick as I could, and when I got there I saw the boy and his arm was bleeding. I ran to him and she said: 'ma, get away,' and I said I would die by the child. I then took the child and applied cold water to his arm. I had him on the bed; she came in and snatched him up and I held on to him. I put my hand to his throat to protect him. I didn't see her have any knife, but I knew she intended to do something wrong, and I wanted to protect him. I then took the child and applied applications to his throat and about the time I got the blood checked, she came in and said : 'ma, get away from there:' and said: 'Jimmie, get up,' and I said: 'he shan't,' and turned round to see and she had a gun cocked and turned at me •with finger on the trigger. I then hollowed and screamed and gave the alarm until the neighbors came to me. She also threatened to shoot Mr Morgan. When I saw the gun pointed at me I turned and caught the barrel, and told the child to get out of the way. He was in the east room — kitchen, where he now lies. We were at the east door. He must have come out of the north door, or on the porch, about twenty feet, and from east door to east gate. She told me she would kill me if I didn't let loose. He was first cut at north parlor door in the arm. He was standing just outside the door looking down, dressed as usual, with his face towards the door. Mrs. Harper was going from him, south toward the hall door (three rooms and one hall). Jimmie was standing at the east hall door when the Friend boys came and they came to the same door and she came to the same door and she gave them the glycerine in the hall and they all three came through the parlor. The Friend bo}'s had been gone only a few minutes when Jimmie screamed — Friend boys very small. I then took Jimmie and took him to the water stand and washed him and put him on the bed — I undressed him. I was applying cold water all the time and can't tell how long it was before Mrs. Harper came in where he was lying. When I took him he was cut only on the arm. She came in, perhaps, a quarter of an hour afterwards and caught hold of him and dragged him from the bed. I struggled to protect him, and we went out of the east door and got to the gate. She must have HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 229 cut him in the throat at the gate. He was then dressed and I then took him in and undressed him and put applications to his throat. I had got the blood stopped when she came in with the gun, he didn't say anything about how he got cut, he only said: 'Grandma it hurts.' I told him to let it be and bear with it until his pa came. I wanted to save his life. I didn't see her afterwards for some time. I didn't notice which room she was in. I asked her when I first saw her at the parlor what it meant. I can't tell her reply. I had no conversation with her that evening. Until late yesterday evening I couldn't get her to talk with me. Some of the other women had a talk with her — she didn't talk with me at all about it. She had a wild look and wasn't right the day belore, but I didn't think of it till then. She hasn't been right since I have been here, in fact. " How old was the child .^" " He was going on seven years old." " How old is Mrs. Harper.-"" "About thirty-one or thirty two." " How long have they been married.-*" " Three years last September." " What was the nature of the relations between Mrs. Harper and the child.?" "Always pleasant before this." "Who were on the premises when this happened.-*" "Mrs. Harper, little Jimmie and myself were here alone. Dr. Har- per had gone to see a patient." " What time did Dr. Harper leave.-* " " He left about nine o'clock." " She told Jimmie to wash and fix himself up for Sunday school and he said 'I would just as lief go this way." "What became of the knife.-*" " I took the open knife from her hand." " What did you do with it.-* " " I turned it over to Dr. Powers, at his request." " Whose knife was it.-*" " Her knife." " What kind of a knife was it.-*" "A little knife, two-bladed; small blade was open; point broken off;, also point broken off of big blade." Paul Gumpert testified: "I came up from the school house, and saw the boy get up and climb over the fence on the opposite side of the road. Jimmie crawled through the hedge and got a piece from the hedge in the corn field and fell down. I asked him what was the mat- ^ter. He said, ' Ma cut my throat,' and he said, * Go to the house and ake the gun away from her.' And I came to the house and go* over the 230 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. fence, and came to where Mrs. Harper and Mrs. Dejarnette were with the gun, and took hold of Mrs. H.; and me and Mr. Depew had a hold of her, and Mr. Morg^an and Bud Dobyns the muzzle of the gun. She said she intended to kill Jimmie, Mrs. Dejarnette, the baby and herself That was as soon as we had separated her, east of the kitchen. He fell about one hundred steps from here." Dr. Powers testified: "A knife was turned over to me by Mrs. Dejar- nette." (Knife exhibited. Black handle; small; blood on small blade.) Question — -" Doctor, you may describe the cuts." "There seemed to be at least three strokes made on the neck; cut on left arm at the bend of the elbow; the cut on the arm not dangerous." At the close of the testimony the jury returned the following ver- dict: State of Missouri, ) Couj^TY of Henry. \ ^^' We, the jury, having been duly sworn by James T. Land, coroner of Henry County, Missouri, diligently to inquire and true presentment make in what manner and by whom one James Harper, whose dead body was found at the residence of Dr. James P. Harper in the county of Henry and state of Missouri, on the loth day of October, A. D. 188 1, came to his death, after having heard the evidence and upon full inquiry concerning the facts, and a careful examination of said body, do find that the deceased came to his death about nine o'clock A. M. on the lOth day of October, 1881, at the residence of his father, Dr. Harper, Henry County, Missouri. That his death resulted from the infliction of some two or three wounds, one at least a mortal wound, in his neck; that said wounds were made by Mrs. Mary M. Harper, his stepmother, about nine o'clock A. M., October 9, 1881, in her attempt to kill him; that we also find besides the above wounds one severe wound on his left arm on the bend of his elbow, made a short time before the infliction of the wounds on the neck, which was also done by Mrs. Harper, all of said wounds being made by a penknife held in the hand of his stepmother. We fur- ther were not able to discover any provocation tor the assaults upon the deceased, he being only about seven years old, and nothing appearing to show any reason for an assault upon hmi; that Drs. Land and Powers, together with the family and others, were present when he died. Given under our hands at the residence of Dr. Harper, in the county of Henry, state of Missouri, this lOth day of October, A. D. 1S81. JAMP:S F. land, Coroner. ' D. SWATH OUT. W. F. COVINGTON. J. G. MOORE. G. P. SELBV. JAMES E. FRAZIER. The necessary papers were then drawn up by Squire Webster for her arrest and served by Constable Cheatham. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ' 23 1 THE SHOOTING OF EZElL. Burt R. Ezell was shot and killed on the night of November 15, 188 1. From the Windsor Review is taken the following summary and substance of the facts developed in this sad case: " Mr. B. R. Ezell resided with his brother-in-law, Mr. Samuel Wherry, near Burnett Station, in Johnson County, and came to Windsor on Tuesday to assist Mr. Wherry in loading a lot of hogs, belonging to him, on the cars for shipment. After the shipment, Mr. Ezell remained in town, got on a spree, and about eleven o'clock at night, with a boon companion, went over to "Africa," so called, being that part of Windsor principally occupied by colored people. He entered the house of Mack Sims, and insulted his wife, and Mack finding he could do nothing, went over, to City Marshal Hall, and requested him to come over there. What transpired there, and also the facts of the shooting, is given in the evi- dence at the examination and preliminary trial. After being shot, Ezell was taken to the Bass Hotel, where he was examined by the physicians who had been summoned, and every care taken of him. His sister, Mrs. Wherry, was sent for and arrived before his death, remaining with him until he was relieved of pain and life. He remained conscious most of the day following the night of the shooting, but soon after night became restless, and his mind wandering. From that time until 1:30 o''clock, when he died, he gradually sank, and at the above hour all that was mor- tal of Burt Ezell passed from earth, and his soul to the judgment of Him who gave it." THE EVIDENCE. / ■ The evidence seemed to be of a peculiar kind, but all pointed to the fact that after Ezell was arrested, he attempted to escape in the dark, was fired at, mortally wounded, and died from the wound, as above stated, and yet the man had committed no crime for which, even if he escaped, could have been more than alight fine, let alone paying the penalty with his life It was a brutal and reckless affair, at best, allowing that no inten- tion of murder was in the heart or mind of him who fired the fatal shot. And it may be mentioned here that a trial of one of the four persons who were supposed to have done the work of death, was tried at the December term, 1882, of the circuit court at Clinton, and the jury were unable to agree as to the guilt of the defendants and they were dis- charged and a new trial will be given. MARSHAL hall's EVIDENCE. This evidence refers more especially to the killing. It was long and tedious, referring to the arrest of Ezell and his escape from him. He 232 HISTORY OK HENRY COUNTY. said: "I called for Stone & Ragan and they dressed and came out on the sidewalk. Cotton came also. I told them what was up and what I wanted; told them my gun was empty and I wanted ammunition. Went down and waked up Charlie Lewis, got the ammunition and loaded my gun. When I got back Eli Dawson, (the person on trial) John Tay- lor and Benjamin Smith were standing in front of the store. I then told them to take the horses to the stable and put them up, and then we will go and find this fellow. The horses were supposed to belong to Ezell and another party, and in Ezell's escape from Hall had hit him and run. Hall's face was covered with blood. Those above told Hall to go back and wash and they would attend to the horses. About the time I (Hall) got through washing Will Cotton came in and said they had caught him and wanted me to come up there. As I was putting on my overcoat I heard firing. Cotton had a lantern and we walked rapidly in the direc- tion of the bank. Firing had ceased after we had got out of Harnsber- ger & Ragan's store. I saw lights on Benton Street, near McGee's. I don't know how many shots were fired, as many as three, there might have been more. I came to where the light was and saw the body of a man in the center of Benton Street and recognized him as the one with whom I had a fuss, and started Cotton for Dr. Shadburne." Cotton's evidence was pretty much the same after his meeting with Hall, but stating that the persons who sent him for Hall were in the dark outside the barn, and he did not recognize any one. DAVE M'GEE'S evidence, was in substance as follows: "Heard some one talking between my house and Ousley's stable. They came on to my corner, and I heard some one run, who appeared to run in a westerly direction from the sound. Then I heard shots. I went out doors to where they assembled, and I found there, Eli Dawson, Benj. Smith, Charles Ragan, John Taylor, Jim Bush and others. Marshal Hall came up just after I did. Saw the deceased lying on the ground. The doctor came up and said he must be taken somewhere to be better cared for. Did not recognize any of the parties who passed my house before the shooting commenced." All the evidence was of a similar nature: " Heard shots fired," nobody recognized, and a man killed. The Review, in its report, summed up editorially, as follows : " The parties who took the horses to the stable, found Ezell, and ar- rested him. He claimed he was not the man and started to McGee's, to prove his statement. Arriving there. Bush stepped to the door to awaken Dave. Just then the prisoner started to run, and the firing began, with results as above stated." HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 233 JURY VERDICT. We, the undersigned, find the deceased came to his death by shoot- ing at the hands of unknown parties. (Signed,) J. A. CALFA, I. W. MITCHELL, JAMES M. DOUGLAS; We, the undersigned cannot concur in the above verdict. (Signed,) EDMUND BASS, W. A. BRAME, W. H. HAM. ARRESTED. On Friday following state warrants were issued for the arrest of Elr Dawson, J. B. Bush, John Taylor, and John W. Hall, and they all gave bail in the sum of $5,000 each, 102 names going on the bonds. On the succeeding Wednesday they had a preliminary trial before Justices Tutts and Powell. C. C. Armstrong, prosecuting attorney, and H. H. Arm- strong appeared for the state, and Judge Shirk, of Sedalia, Peyton A. Parks, Clinton, and Allen & Allen, of Windsor, for the defense. At the opening the state dismissed the charge as to J. R. Bush, and he was released, but held the others for examination. The evidence was much the same, somewhat more full, and Dawson got the worst of it. The trial resulted in the discharge of Taylor and Hall by the justices pre- siding, but Dawson was bound over, and his trial came off as above men- tioned, December term, 1882, with a failure to agree on the part of the jury. The case was tried before Judge Gantt, and continued five days. The prospect of conviction in any future trial is not flattering. It was said that while Ezell was lying on the ground waiting for the doctor's arrival, he said to Taylor, " Tell my sister that her brother on his dying bed leaves his property to her." There was a strong feeling of affection between the two, and when the sister came the meeting seemed almost heartrending. From that he seemed to understand that his wound was mortal. It was a sad case, and it is not likely that a man arrested for a misdemeanor will be again killed if he seeks to make a sudden escape. They generally can be found and costs and fine paid at some future day, but neither the law and the fine and cost was of a nature to demand the life of the man, or immediate payment. The lesson has caused one man his life, let us hope another may not be sacrificed. Here endeth the record of crime. CHAPTER XV. THE COUNTY'S SERVANTS— ELECTIONS OF 1880 AND 1882. THE COUNTY OFFICERS, FROM ALPHA TO OMEGA-THE YEAR AND THE DAY-REPRE- SKNTATIVES, STATE SENATORS AND CONGRESSMEN-ELECTION OF 1880— ELECTION OF 1882 — CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS — SENATORIAL DISTRICT MEMORANDA — POLITICAL— HENRY COUNTY DEMOCRATIC— WHAT DIFFERENCE DOES IT MAKE- CIRCUIT COURT ITEMb— SLANDER, DIVORCE AND PERJURY— THE FIRST GRAND JURY. COUNTY OFFICIALS— COUNTY JUDGES. 1835— Thomas Arbuckle, presiding; William Goft; Joseph Mont- gomery, presided from September 21. 1837 — John F. Sharp, presiding; William Goff, Thomas Kimsey. 1838 — Francis Parazette, in place of William Goff, resigned. 1841 — James P. Drake, presiding; John F. Sharp, Jonathan T. Berry. • 1842 — Christopher C. Bronaugh in place of James P. Drake, resigned; Jennings Beckvvorth in place of John F Sharp, resigned. 1843 — Christopher C. Bronaugh, presiding; Jonathan T. Berry, Jen- nings Beckwith. 1844 — Jonathan Sweeney, presiding; Christopher C. Bronaugh, John C. Stone. 1848 — Christopher C. Bronaugh, presiding; Jonathan T. Berry, John M. Van Hoy. 1850 — William McCown, in place of John VanHoy, resigned. 1852 — James P. Bone, presiding ; James Freeman and Milton B. Merritt. 1856 — Christopher C. Bronaugh, in place of James P. Bone, deceased. Judge Bone died September 4, 1855, and resolutions of respect and condolence were entered by his associate justices, of record, and the resolutions ordered published in the Independent, Osceola, and Demo- crat, Warsaw. 1856 — Daniel Stewart, presiding ; William L. Avery, John M. Van Hoy. 1858 — Daniel Stewart, presiding; William L. Avery, Jonathan T. Berry. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 235 i860 — J. G. Dorman, presiding; William L. Avery, Jonathan T. Berry. 1862 — J. G. Dorman, presiding ; William L. Avery, John P. Stone. 1863 — A. M. Rhoads, in place of John P. Stone, time expired. 1865 — J. G. Dorman, presiding; William L. Avery, Henry Devinny, in place of A. M. Rhoads, resigned; William Jennings and Joseph Hil- legas, in place of Dorman and Avery, time expired. 1866 — Henry Devinny, presiding ; William Jennings, Joseph Hil- legas. 1869 — William Jennings, presiding ; Joseph Hillegas, Jared Steven- son. 1871 — Joseph Hillegas, presiding; Jared Stevenson, William Mun- son. 1872 — Jaren Stevenson, presiding ; William Munson, James T. Gil- liland. NEV^ ORGANIZATION LAW. 1873 — William R. Taylor, presiding; B. L. Owens, Lewis P. Beatty, M. A. Stewart, F. M. Gofif. 1875 — Phillip W. Cecil, in place of W. R. Taylor, resigned; Metel- lus Wood, presiding, in place of F. M. Goff, time expired. 1877 — John Venlemans, presiding; M. A. Stewart, Lewis P. Beatty, P. W. Cecil, P^phraim Allison. New organization law repealed. 1877— M. A. Stewart, presiding August; L. P. Beatty, M. B. Merritt, presiding 1879. 1881 — Ephraim Allison, presiding; M. A. Stewart, Lewis P. Beatty. 1882 — Lewis P. Beatty, presiding; John S. Kelley, James M. Har- rison. COMMISSIONERS SEAT OF JUSTICE. 1836, Peyton Parks; 1838, John F. Sharp; 1844, Jennings Beckwith; 1845, Asaph W. Bates; 1850, Joseph Davis; 1854, Daniel Ashby; 1866, P. S. Jennings. From 1870 to 1877 special commissioners appointed as occasion required. 1877, James Parks, county seat commissioner; 1881, Charles S. Robinson; 1882, Charles S. Robinson. SUPERINTENDENTS PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 1837, John F. Sharp, Thomas B. Wallace. Office discontinued after the completion of the court house. PUBLIC SQUARE COMMISSIONERS. 1852, Benjamin F. Owens; 1854, Lewis H. Tutt; 1874, D. T. Terry, 1880, Ambrose B. Hopkins; 1882, Ambrose B. Hopkins. 236 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY, SPECIAL CLAIM AGENT — WIDOWS AND ORPITANS. 1866, D. W. Alkire. Office discontinued. SUPERVISORS OF REGISTRATION. 1867, Henry Devinny; 1870, Jared Stephenson. Office discontinued, TREASURERS. 1836, William Goff, resigned; 1837, Thomas B. Wallace, resigned 1846; 1846, Asaph W. Bates, died September, 1849; 1849, Asa C. Mar- vin, resigned 1852; 1852, George H. Hardy; 1856, Thomas S. Rogers; 1858, Royal L. Burge; 1865, Jared Stevenson; 1866, I. N. Rogers; 1870, Henry Riehl; 1872, Ephraim Allison; 1876, William F. Carter; 1878, Emory O. Price; 1882, Emory O. Price. SHERIFFS AND COLLECTORS. 1835, Joseph Fields, died; 1836, Nathan A. Field, deputy and acting; 1836, Robert Allen; 1840, Philip J. Buster, seat contested; 1841, William R. Owens, contestant; 1844, Robert Allen; 1848, William R. Taylor; 1850, John M. VanHoy; 1854, Dewit C. Stone; 1858, William R. Taylor; 1862, Jasper N. Coats, resigned; 1863, Samuel K. Williams; 1866, James M. Miller; 1868, Henry T. Dodson; 1870, John Curtis. SHERIFFS, ONLY. 1872, D. T. Terry; 1876, W. B. Calvird; 1880, Ambrose B. Hopkins; 1882, Ambrose B. Hopkins. CLERKS AND RECORDERS. 1835, Jonathan T. Berry, resigned ; 1836, Fielding A. Pinnell; 1853, Lewis H. Tutt; 1859, Benjamin L. Quarles; 1862, William Parks, resigned September 12, 1863; 1863, James Parks, resigned April 1865; 1865, John M. Dunn, resigned July, 1865; 1865, John L. Barlow. CLERKS ONLY. 1870, Charles H. Synder; 1874, Benjamin L. Quarles; 1878, Joseph A. Doyle; 1882, Benjamin L. Quarles. ASSESSORS. 1835, George B. Woodson, appointed; 1836, Peyton Parks; 1837, William McMillan; 1838, George W. Martin; 1840, James W. Fields; HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 237 1841, Edward Seaton; 1845, Nathan A. Fields; 1846, William Cecil; 1854, A. H. Clark, elected and removed; 1855, Daniel Ashby, appointed and resigned; 1856, William L. Avery, appointed ; 1856, William R. Taylor elected. The new assessment law was passed by the legislature this year 1858, District No. i, William R. Taylor; District No. 2, James Parks District No. 3, William M. Beaman; District No 4, Moses W. Sevier District No. 5, Vincent N. Jones; 1859, District No. i, William T. Legg District No. 2, James Parks; District No. 3, William M. Beaman; Dis- trict No. 4, James B. Mclntyre ; District No. 5, Vincent N. Jones. Law repealed, i860, James Parks, appointed, Hiram C. Russell, elected August; 1862, Jeremiah L. Cross, removed, failed to return his book in time; 1864, John R. Turner; 1865, James M. Miller; 1867, John A. Wells; 1869, Henry B. Hecker; 1871, James R. Conner; 1877, Peter D. Lane; 1878, A. B. Hop- kins; 1880, John H. Royston; 1882, John H. Royston. COLLECTORS. 1878, William F. Carter; 1880, Frank S. Ware; 1882, Frank S. Ware. RECORDERS. 1870, W. D. Tyler; 1874, George W. Armstrong; 1882, William H. Allison. INSPECTOR OF MINES. 1881-2, Richard Bowen. COMMON PLEAS COURT. 1869, R. C. McBeth; 1871, William L. Avery, to July ist, 1873 — merged into the probate court. PROBATE COURT. 1873, William L. Avery, died September, 1875; 1876, F. E. Savage; 1878, James Parks; 1882, James Parks. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATORS. 1847, Robert Allen; 1849, Asa C. Marvin; 1853, John M. VanHoy, declined; Robert M. Hardwick; 1856, Joshua Sweeny; 1858, Alexis Walmsly; i860, F. E. Savage, resigned 1862; 1862, James Parks, declined; 1863, William H. Peer; 1864, William A. Gray; 1865, A. M. Rhoads; 1868, William P. Baker; 1872, George W. Hopkins; 1875, John C. Rivers; 1880, Benjamin F. Milton; 1882, Thomas A. Cheaney. 238 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENTS. 1853, George W. Miner, resigned July, 1858; 1858, John W. Will- iams; 1866, William E. Brinkerhoff; 1867, Matthew Zener; 1870, James E. Flagg; 1875, Thomas J. Claggett; 1877, J. N. Cook, died; 1878, Max McCann, unexpired term; 1879, Peyton A. Parks; 1881, William H. Smith; 1882, William H. Smith. SURVEYORS. 1835, Joseph Montgomery; 1843, Ebenezer Gilkerson; 1844, Thomas Britton, resigned; 1845, John W Williams; 1846, John W. Wallace; 1854, Daniel Ashby; 1857, John W. Williams; i85i, Samuel K. Williams, resigned and reelected; 1869, William E. Brinkerhoff; 1872, Bird D. Parks; 1880, Henry C. Allen; 1882, Henry C. Allen. ROAD COMMISSIONERS. 1865, George W. Squires; 1867, William Crosier; 1869, William Mun- son, resigned; 1870, W. D. Tyler, resigned; 1871, H. H. Linnville; 1877, Bird D. Parks, ex-officio being consolidated with the office of Surveyor; 1880, Henry C. Allen; 1882, Henry C. Allen. CORONER. 1844, George J. Allen; 1847, George Brummet; 1856, Peter F. Gen- eway; i860, John A. Bushnell; 1864, William Moore; 1868, Samuel Jones; 1870, J. W. Stoker; 1872, C. C. Williams; 1874, William A. David- son; 1876, Robert Trevey; 1878, James P. Dimmitt; 1880, Dr. B. H. Land; 1882, Bart B. Green. SUPERINTENDENT OF POOR. 1868, Samuel Jones, resigned; 1871, Robert Allen; 1874, Dr. John W. Stewart; 1877, Dr. A. N. Kincanon; 1879, Dr. James P. Dimmitt; 1880, Dr. B. H. Land, resigned; 1882, James F. Land. MANAGERS POOR FARM. 1871, D. A. Henry; 1874, Richard Woodson; 1879, Daniel E. A. Price; 1880, Eli Wade; 1882, Eli Wade. COUNTY ATTORNEYS. 1843, Lycurgus Alney; 1846, A. M. Tutt; 1854, Royal L. Burge; 1858, Royal L. Burge and Dewitt C. Stone, special; 1859, Royal L. Burge; HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 239 1861, Alexis Wamsly; 1863, Royal L. Burge and A. C. Avery, special- 1865, Royal L. Burge; 1866, W. H. H. Waggoner; 1867, Royal L. Burge, died October 19. 1868; 1869, William N. Pickerell; 1872, W. W. Gate- wood; 1875, Charles B. Wilson; 1877, C. C. Dickinson; 1882, Robert E Lewis, COUNTY RAILROAD AGENTS. 1866, Royal L. Burge, died; 1869, William H. McLane, resigned ^ 1870, Dewitt C. Stone; 1874, William R. Taylor. Then the court appointed different agents and attorneys from time to time to vote stock, and to defend the county against suits, etc., as occasion required. 1880, James B. Gantt; 1882, William H. Cock. CIRCUIT CLERKS. i856, William Weaver; 1871, John A. Driggs; 1875, William C. Edmonston; 1878, Charles S. Robinson, resigned; 1879, Benjamin L. Ouarles; 1882, RoUin B. McConnell. REPRESENTATIVES. 1836, George B. Woodson, three terms; 1842, Samuel Land; 1844,. Peyton Parks; 1846, A. C. Marvin; 1848, Dr. John W. Fitzhugh; 1850, William Steele; 1852, A. C. Marvin; 1854, John W. Williams; 1856,. Robert Allen; 1858, Dewit C. Stone; i860, James A. Tutt; 1862, Levi C. Marvin, speaker; 1864, William Weaver, ineligible; 1864, Augustus Dana; 1866, William Schafer; 186S. William H. McLane; 1870, George W. Squires; 1872, Jerubal G Dorman; 1S74, Banton G. Boone, speaker; 1876, William T. Thornton; 1878, William H. Cock; 1880, George H. Shelton; 1882, Dr. W. L. Shankland. STATE SENATORS. 1836, Joseph Montgomery, Henry County; 1840, James Young, Lafa- yette County; 1842, Benjamin F. Massey; 1846, James M. Gatewood, Henry County; 1850, B. W. Grover, Johnson County; 1854, M. C. Good- lette, Henry County; 1858, A. C. Marvin, Henry County; 1862, W. S. Holland, Henry County (change in district); 1868, W. H. Blodgette,. Johnson County; 1872, Joshua LaDue, Henry County; 1876, J. B. New- berry, two years. Bates County (the new constitution changed district); 1878, J. N. Bradley, Bates County; 1882, Dr. John H. Britts, Henry County. CIRCUIT JUDGES. 1835, Charles H. Allen, Fifth Judicial District; 1837, John F. Ryland^ Sixth Judicial District; 1845, Foster P. Wright- 185 i, Waldo P. Johnson; 24© HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1854, DeWitt C. Ballou; 1859, Foster P. Wright; 1862, Burr H. Emerson, Seventh Judicial District; 1868. David McGaughey; 1873, Foster P. Wright; 1880, James R. Gantt, present judge. Cn^CUIT ATTORNEYS. 1835, William B. Almond; 1840, Henderson Young; 1844, Robert G. Smart; 1850, Waldo P. Johnson; 1S56, Thomas W. Freeman; 1862, S. S. Burdette; 1868, James Masters. Office discontinued. . ELECTION OF 1880. The presidential election of 1880, was one which from its excite- ments and questions at issue, brought out a full vote. It is here given that it may be contrasted with the vote of 1884, when that vote shall be counted. The election of 1880 failed to bring out a full vote, and the progress of the county as to party increase, and of the voting population, will be better obtained by comparing with the presidential vote two years hence. The national and state tickets for 1880 stood as follows: HENRY COUNTY. Hancock over Garfield, plurality 1 127 Majority 821 Crittenden over Dyer, plurality 1 134 Majority 809 The majorities for the remainder of the state ticket did not vary but a few votes from that for governor. The Greenback ticket polled from 306 to 330 votes on the state ticket, and ran as high as 352 down to 307 on the local or county ticket. In 1880, the state had thirteen congressional districts, but the cen- sus of that year gave to Missouri according to the apportionment, one more congressman, or fourteen. The state was then redistricted, and Henry County was placed in what is now called the Twelfth Congress- ional District. The old Sixth was composed of fourteen counties, while 1 the new Twelfth has but eight. Seven of the eight were in the old Sixth, and the one now added to the seven to make the Twelfth District is Cass County. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. FOR CONGRESS— SIXTH DISTRICT. 241 COUNTIES. Greene . . Barry . . . McDonald . Newton . . Jasper . . . Barton . . . Vernon . . St. Clair . . Bates . . . Cedar . . . Dade . . . Lawrence . Henry . . Webster . . Total . . Plurality . . Per cent. , . Scattering . Total vote 1 •6 pi U3 ^ 13 a la u „ — c i» S-5 •— > ^0 ^Q ^ 2143 2299 1456 1434 I 166 1 103 1077 771 670 649 636 105 1574 1730 1200 660 2575 38'3 2285 2096 940 1205 580 341 2329 1297 1579 494 1009 1686 696 628 2997 1987 231 1 919 909 1133 783 767 926 1348 767 ^055 1473 1685 1281 1 192 2908 1808 2146 678 106 I 1044 972 482 22680 22787 17769 11622 107 6147 4982 50.05 4398 28.76 54 3 45521 40398 BO 5 1922 304 499 1210 1722 744 551 1061 673 328 306 459 668 567 1 1 004 27.22 For circuit judge, the majority for James B. Gantt over William Page was 898. THE COUNTY TICKET. The vote of the county ticket is given in full as it will make it val- uable for reference: Representatives — George J. Shelton, Democrat 2772 James C. Carpenter, Republican 1647 D. E. Browning, Greenback 352 Circuit Clerk — Benjamin L. Quarles, D 2826 Henry B. Hecker, R 1680 Jerome B. McCoy, G 307 Prosecuting Attorney — Clement C. Dickinson 2726 George W. Dunn 1974 Collector — Frank S. Ware 2833 James M. Cameron. 1655 Henry Walbert 317 County Treasurer — Emory. O. Price 2840 Henry S. Marvin 1674 Reuben Morgan 309 16 242 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Sheriff- Ambrose B. Hopkins 2837 John N. Barlow 1704 M. M. Robarb 275 Surveyor — Henry C. Allen 2847 Samuel K. Williams 1741 Assessor — John H. Royston 2833 William A. Walker 1652 Ellis Smith 315 Public Administrator — Benjamin F. Milton -. 2832 H. J. Dooley 1673 Thomas H. Banta 313 Coroner — James F. Land 2822 W. C. Bromfield 1682 Henry Settles 308 Presiding Justice — Ephriam Allison 2713 Thomas Day 2008 County Judge First District — Lewis P. Beatty, 1.329 George Cock 764 H. C. Mullins lOi County Judge, Second District — Mark A. Stewart 1,450 John C. Bram 944 Harry P. Brown 202 Township Organization — For 1 ,682 Against 2,468 Restraining Swine at Large — For 1,190 Against 3,082 The list of justices of the peace and constables for the several town- ships can be found entered on pages 299 and 300 of county records, book L In the above vote the names are given in the order of Democrats, Republicans and Greenbackers, the highest being the Democratic vote and the lowest the Greenback. 1882. The election of 1882 was another Democratic victory in state, con- gressional, state senatorial and county. The state ticket had a majority of about 70,000, rather over than under, and there was a general Demo- cratic gain in almost every county in the state on the local tickets. The general election throughout the United States was such heavy gains that it is known as the Democratic C3'clone of 1882. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 243 The vote is as follows: Tudee Supreme Court — „ ^ ^ "Sherwood ^98.620 Wagner ^^^'239 •u- ^2,407 Kice J <^ / Sherwood's plurality over Wagner 70,381 Sherwood's plurality over all 37-974 Superintendent Public Schools— Coleman 202.855 Hill ^24.759 Booth 32,264 Coleman's plurality over Hill 78.096 Coleman's plurality over all 45-832 Railroad Commissioner — James H. Harding 202,137 Robert H. Hunt ^^^'^"^^ Matthew H. Ritchey • 32.576 Harding's majority 44-170 Vote on Constitutional Amendment— For amendment 4-^6 Against amendment 142,742 Majority against amendment 58,601 The following is the vote for congressmen: First District — William H. Hatch '^'243 John M. Glover • 'I'W F. A. Leavitt • ^^7 Hatch's majority 4, 169 Second District — A. M. Alexander 19-033 William Quayle 5-302 D. B. Dorsey • ^'^^S Alexander's majority 5-103 Third District — A. M. Dockery ^7-201 James H. Thomas 12.887 Joseph H. Burrows • 2-405 Dockery's majority 1,889 Fourth District — J. N. Burnes ^3-325 Nat Sisson 2,185 244 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Fourth District — M. A. Reed 10,571 Burnes' majority ,. 5^9 Fifth District- Alexander Graves 12,695 John T. Crisp 8,672 John McCabe 243 Graves' majority 3.780 Sixth District — John Cos^jrove I7,i49 William C. Aldridge 1 1.349 Cosgrove's majority 5, 800 Seventh District — A. H. Buckner I4.370 T. J. McNair 1,786 Charles Dandt 9.857 Buckner's majority 2,727 Eighth District — O'Neill 7,240 Sessinghaus 5.514 Daley 1,291 • Sullivan ; 1,039 Ninth District— Broadhead 6,860 McLean 6,758 Hill 463 Tenth District— Clardy 13,536 Manistre 7.4S5 Jackson 2,667 Ford Smith 49 Eleventh District — R. P. Bland 14,259 W. J. Wallace ! 10,530 John H. Quinn 1,187 Bland's majority 2,542 Twelfth District- Charles H. Morgan 14.768 William J. Terrell 9,1 1 1 Gage S. Spring 3,550 Morgan's majority 2,107 Thirteenth District — Robert W. Fyan 13.904 William W. Cloud 12,424 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 245 Thirteenth District — J. S. Hazeltine 6,122 Fyan's majority 1,480 Fourteenth District — Lowndes H. Davis 14,023 Solomon G. Kitchen 2,920 A. B. Carroll 7,^77 Davis' majority 3.926 The average majority for the Democratic congressional ticket out- side of the St. Louis districts — eighth, ninth and tenth — was 3,100. The vote for congress in this district is given by counties: Cass County — C. H. Morgan 2,338 W. J. Terrell i,39i S. G. Spring 4.39 Total vote polled 4. 1 58 Bates County — , C. H. Morgan \ 3,002 W. J. Terrell 1,895 S. G. Spring 454 Total vote polled 5-35 ^ Henry County — D. H. Morgan : 2,570 W. J. Terrell 1,400 S. G. Spring 98 Total vote polled 4,068 St. Clair County — C. H. Morgan 987 W. J. Terrell 746 S. G. Spring 849 Total vote polled 2,582 Vernon County — C. H. Morgan 2,43 1 W. J. Terrell 997 S. G. Spring 261 Total vote polled 3-789 Cedar County — C. H. Morgan i ,243 W.J.Terrell 994 S. G. Spring 217 Total vote polled 2,554 246 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Barton County — C. H. Morgan 1,304 W. J. Terrell y-jy S. G. Spring 10 Total vote polled 2,091 Dade County — C. H. Morgan 983 W. J. Terrell 827 S. G. Spring .• 387 Total vote polled 2, 197 Total for Morgan 14,848 Total for Terrell ."■ 9,027 Total for Spring 2,715 Morgan's total majority over Terrell 5,821 Morgan over Spring 12,133 Morgan's plurality .... 3, 106 There was some falling off in the vote of this county as compared with the vote of 1880. Taking th^ electoral vote of that year and the vote for congressmen this year we have: Hancock 2,821 Morgan 2,570 Garfield 1,694 Terrell 1,400 Weaver 306 Spring 98 Total 4,821 Total 4,068 A difference of 753 votes in favor of 1880. The counties composing the state senatorial district, are, Cass, Bates and Henry, and below is the vote : THE SENATORIAL VOTE — CASS COUNTY. John H. Britts 2,365 H. J. Dooley i ,440 BATES COUNTY. J. H. Britts 3,006 H.J. Dooley i ,970 HENRY COUNTY. J. H. Britts 2,580 H. J. Dooley 1,412 Total vote polled 12,773 Britts' total vote 7,95 1 Dooley's total vote 4,822 Britt's majority 3.129 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 24/ In 1880, the Greenbackers put out both a senatorial and a county ticket, but for the election of 1882, the party leaders decided to waive it in counties where the vote was light. In this senatorial district and county, no Greenback ticket was put forth, they giving their attention to the state and for congress. The local vote of Henry County is given in detail, so that the political complexion and the number of votes of each township can be seen. OFFICIAL VOTE OF HENRY COUNTY FOR 1 882. Name of Candidates. Vote. Maj. Supreme judge — Thomas A. Sherwood, D 2572 1130 David Wagner, R 1442 Superintendent Public Schools — . W. E. Coleman, D 2596 1173 Osmer C. Hill, R 1423 Railroad Commissioner — Tames Harding, D 2596 1 167 Robert H. Hunt, R 1429 Constitutional Amendment, Yes 912 Constitutional Amendment, No 1849 937 Congress, 12th District — Charles H. Morgan, D 2570 1072 William J. Terrell, R 1403 G. S. Spring, G .... 98 State Senate — John H. Britts, D 2580 1 168 H. J. Dooley, R 1412 Representative — W. L. Shankland, D 2539 1063 Daniel A. Brooks, R 1476 Probate Judge — James Parks, D 2621 1205 George W. Dunn, R 1416 Circuit Clerk — RoUen B. McConnell, D 2643 1244 William A. Walker, R. 1399 County Clerk — Benjamin L. Quarles, D 2450 901 John A. Driggs, R 1395 James W. Victor, 1 154 County Collector — Ffank S. Ware, D , 2626 1206 Charles Littlepage, R 1420 County Treasurer — Emory O. Price, D 2652 1257 William Shafer, R 1395 Sheriff- Ambrose B. Hopkins, D 2676 13 14 James M. Horner, R 1362 248 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Prosecuting Attorney — Robert E. Lewis, D 2526 1044 Alvin Haynie, R 1482 Recorder — William H. Allison, D 2556 1 105 Nathan Ellington, R 145 1 Assessor — John H. Royston, D 2624 1 190 David Erwin, R 1434 Presiding Judge County Court — Lewis P. Beaty, D 2566 1 126 Garrett W. Freeman, R 1440 Associate County Judge No. I — John S. Kelley, D 1 109 423 Thomas Day, R 686 Associate County Judge No. 2 — James M. Harrison, D 1395 588 James Armstrong, R 807 Public Administrator — Thomas A. Cheaney, D 2591 1132 Henry B. Hecker, R 1459 Coroner — Bart B. Green, D 2574 1 1 18 William C. Brumfield, R 1456 For restraining swine from running at large 1741 Against restraining swine from running at large 1907 166 STATE SENATORS. The senatorial district, of which Henry County has composed a part, since its organization, has been changed a number of times, and Henry County has no cause for complaint, so far as receiving her share of the senatorial honors of the district of which she has composed a part. The early senatorial districts were composed of many counties, covering a large territory, but these are not of much moment to the reader. The Fifteenth Senatorial District formed in 1872, from the census of 1870, gave to that district the counties of Johnson, Henry, St. Clair and Ben- ton. Under the last apportionment, this county was placed in the Four- teenth Senatorial District, composed of the counties af Cass, Bates, and Henry, and was so organized in 1882, The first election held for general purposes in Rives County (now Henry) was in 1836, and Joseph Montgomery, then county judge, and one of the three who composed the first county court of Rives County, was elected to the office of state senator. Henry County was not again allowed a candidate until 1858, when the Hon. M. C. Goodlet was elected. In 1872, Henry County again received the honors, and Joshua Laden was elected. At the last election, and in the new Fourteenth District, Dr. John H, Britts, a prominent physician and citizen of Clinton, was HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 249 elected, and Henry County was again honored the first of the trio com- posing the counties of the district under the late apportionment. CONGRESSMEN, The full list of congressmen of the state up to i88acan be found in the history of the state in foregoing pages, but those who have repre- sented Henry County, as a part of a congressional district, is here given that the citizens of the county may know their own immediate represent- atives. The first members of congress were from' the state at large and not by districts, the district organization being arranged in 1846, and that was the first year that an election for congressmen took place by districts. This county formed a part of the Fifth Congressional district, and five was the number of congressmen to which this state was entitled until after the census of 1850. Missouri gained two members by that census, but this district, or rather the Fifth District, still included Henry County. In i860, the census gave the state nine congressmen, this county still remaining as a municipal part of the Fifth District. Notwitstanding the evil effects of the civil war and other causes,, the natural advantages which were so prominently seen by every traveler or prospector who visited the state, that her increase became rapid and continuous, and in the census of 1870 it was shown that few states in the Union had exceeded her in solid growth and material prosperity. This census gave Missouri thirteen congressmen^ and under the new apportion- ment Henry County was placed in the Seventh District and its first con- gressman was the Hon. Thomas T. Crittenden, now the honored and able governor of the state. Henry County remained attached to the Seventh District until after the adoption of the new constitution of 1875, when, at the session of the general assembly in the winter of 1876-7,. a new apportionment was made and Henry was placed in the Sixth Congressional District, where it remained until the census of 1880, which added one more congress- man, and Henry County was placed in the Twelfth Congressional Dis- trict. SEVENTH DISTRICT, The Seventh District was composed of the following counties: John- son, Cooper, Dallas, Henry, Moniteau, Benton, St. Clair, Camden, Mor- gan, Hickory, Cole, Miller and Pettis — thirteen. SIXTH DISTRICT. The following counties were apportioned to this district: Greener Vernon, Dade, Barry, Bates, Lawrence, McDonald, St. Clair, Henry, New- ton, Cedar, Webster, Jasper and Barton — fourteen. 2 50 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. TWELFTH DISTRICT. This is the present congressional district, which it will probably remain until after the census of 1890, and is composed of the eight fol- lowing named counties: Cass, Bates, Henry, St. Clair, Vernon, Barton, Dade and Cedar. MEMBERS. Those who have been the immediate representatives of Henry County since the state was divided into districts, are: 1844-6, John S. Phelps; 1848. John S. Phelps; 1850, John S. Phelps; 1852, John S. Phelps; 1854, John G. Miller, died; 1855, Thomas P. Akers, unexpired term; 1856, James H. Woodson; 1858, James H. Woodson; i860, John W. Reid, expelled; 1862, John W. McClurg; 1864, John W. McCl'urg; 1866, John W. McClurg, resigned, 1867, John H Stover, unexpired term; 1868, Samuel S. Burdette; 1870, Samuel S. Burdette; 1872, Thomas T. Crittenden; 1874, John F. Phillips; 1876, Thomas T.Crittenden; 1878, James R. Waddill; 1880, Ira R. Hazeltine; 1882, Charles H. Morgan, v MEMORANDA. The " Drake constitution," so called, was adopted by a majority of 29,000. Eighty thousand voters were, by it, disfranchised in Missouri. The president of the convention was Arnold Kreckel, now on the supreme bench. Charles D. Drake was vice president, and afterward left the state. Willis S. Holland was the delegate from Henry County, and he voted for the Drake disfranchisement. The convention of 1875 was presided over by Hon. Waldo P. John- son and Nathaniel W. Watkins; a connection of Henry Clay was vice- president. E. A. Nickerson was the delegate to Henry County to the •convention and favored, by his vote, the new constitution. The vote of Henry County for governor in 1870 was, for B. Gratz Brown .... 1064 J. W. McClurg 921 Brown's majority 143 S. S. Burdette carried this county by a majority of 165, and his plur- ality in the district was 1707. POLITICAL. Henry County, as will be seen by the above vote, was, at the last ■election, not far from an average majority of twelve hundred, and in 1880 it was about nine hundred votes. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 25 1 Henry County has always been Democratic except during and just after the civil war. She was named after Rives, of Virginia, because of his Democracy, and promptly repudiated him and his name when he became a follower of the illustrious " Harry of the west," Henry Clay, of Kentucky. It will make but little difference which of the leading parties she upholds, if her people will solidly unite to advance her mater- ial prosperity, add to her educational facilities, and follow in the paths of true virtue and honor in all things. CIRCUIT COURT ITEMS. To show how in early days crime was punished, a case of perjury is taken. The person was convicted of perjury in 1833 in the Lafayette Circuit Court, and had the following sentence passed upon him: A fine of one cent; be confined in jail one minute; to stand in the pillory one minute; be deprived of his vote, of being a witness or juror, or of ever holding any office within the state. The first three items of punishment were imposed at once. This man afterward became an honorable citi- zen of Henry County for years, and was relieved of his disabilities, the three last, by a pardon of Governor Lilburn W. Boggs a few years after- ward with proof of his honorable conduct. The first divorce suit was entered July, 1838; Edward Roberts was the plaintiff and Nancy Roberts, defendant. The divorce was granted, the wife receiving $50 alimony. The first suit for slander was entered by Thomas Windsor against Elijah Pucket in 1838. Damages not serious. FIRST GRAND JURY. The first grand jury was drawn in 1835, and they met in August of that year. Joseph Fields was sheriff, Fielding A. Pinnell clerk, Charles H. Allen was presiding judge. What indictments they returned, if any, is not known, the records of the circuit court of Henry County for the first three years, from August, 1835, to March, 1838, being lost and prob- ably destroyed. How and by whom this loss was occasioned is not known, but the loss is unfortunate. The names are Archibald C. Legg, John Wilson, Pleasant Walker, George W. Walker, Robert Allen, Chesley Jones and Phillip Cecil. The rest of the names composing this grand jury have been lost to the mem- ory of the oldest settlers. CHAPTER XVI. POPULATION, DEVASTATION AND EXULTATION. POPULATION OF HENRY COUNTY— POPULATION OF TOWNS-THE UNITED STATES AND THE STATE OF MISSOURI-THE GRASSHOPPER PLAGUE-DESl RUCTION OF CROPS —RELIEF— MEADOW COUNTY SCHEME— THE BANTAM CROWED, BUT CROWED IN VAIN— THE CLINTON SCARE— SWAMP LAND HISTORY-FROM A TO IZZARD AND A POSTSCRIPT— SALES FROM $7,00 TO 25 CENTS PER ACRE— RECEIPTS AND LOSSES- POOR FARM-WHEN PURCHASED— ITS COST— WHERE LOCATED— DESCRIPTIONS, ETC. POPULATION OF HENRY COUNTY. While Henry County was settled in 1830, and a local census was taken in 1838, yet there is no record until the United States census of 1840 was taken. What it was by townships is hard to tell, yet as there were but four it was probably nearly equally divided. Grand River Township was the smallest in agricultural population, but Undoubtedly Clinton made up in the general aggregate. This may, also, be said of 1850 and i860. The change in townships in 1858, and again a few years later, would give but little of what the present townships had under tie late division. Henry County had a population in 1840 of 4,726, St. Clair County then being a part of her territory, and her population included in the above figures. In 1850 the census gave a population of 4.052, and these figures were for Henry County, alone, St. Clair having been organized in 1841. In i860 Henry County had a population of 9,866. Here was an increase of 144 per cent in ten years. The increase was exceeded by only seven counties in the state for the decade. The decade between i860 and 1870 is reported in the latter year by townships, and is here given: CENSUS OF 1870. Whites. Col'd. Total. Big Creek Township 1,363 27 1,390 Bogard Township 1,080 37 1,117 Deepwater Township 2,01 1 44 2,055 Grand River Township 5,127 323 5,450 Clinton, town, 640. Osage Township 826 2 828 Springfield Township 1,869 ~7 1,896 Tebo Township 3,156 152 3,308 White Oak Township 1,327 30 i,357 16,759 642 17,401 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 253 The town of Clinton is concluded in the aggregate of Grand River Township. The only town reported was Clinton with a population of 640. What other towns were in the county were reported in the total figures of the township. REMARKS. The census of 1870 was the worst fraud ever put upon the people. There were many towns in Henry County which should have be reported, then some idea of their growth during the decade could have been known, but this was not done, and in many cases the returns were not correctly reported. Calhoun, Windsor and Leesburg, are old towns. Should have been reported separately. , CENSUS OF 1880. Bear Creek Township 817 Bethlehem Township 1,380 Big Creek Township 1,038 Bogard Township I,I9S Clinton Township 3,849 Davis Township 1,074 Deepwater Township 1,652 Deer Creek Township 1 , 1 2 1 Fairview Township 848 Fields' Creek Township 852 ,Honey Creek Township 480 Leesville Township 1,253 Osage Township 1,010 Shawnee Township 1,104 Springfield Township 941 Tebo Township 1,725 Walker Township 1,102 White Oak Township 565 Windsor Township 1,900 Total 23.906 TOWNS. Clinton City. . 2,868 Ld Due 140 Montrose 495 Lewis 154 Leesville 70 Brownington. 251 Huntingdale 66 Calhoun 492 Windsor City •. 872 Total 5,408 254 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Agricultural population 18,498 Cities and towns 5,408 Total county 23,906 Shawnee Mound and Coalsburg each have a population probably of from thirty-five to forty souls, and there are a few cross-road stores, but this is about all. HOW IT HAS ADVANCED. To show what Henry County has advanced the past half century a summary is given of her population by the census of different years and the per cent, of her gains given, leaving out the fractions: Population 1840,4,726; 1850, 4,052, St. Clair County taken off; i860, 9,866, gain 144 per cent.; 1870, 17,401, gain 76 per cent.; 1880, 23,906, gain 37 per cent. , As the state gained but twenty-six per cent, the last decade, Henry County has gained eleven per cent, above the average, and there is no reason that she should not gain even more rapidly during the present decade. Certainly the productive quality of the soil, the mildness of the climate, the amount of cheap lands yet in the market, are induce- ments that only need be known to be appreciated and utilized. Let the people of Henry County show to the world these advantages, and immi- gration will flow in until the waste lands will blossom like the rose, and by increase of taxable wealth, reduce taxation to all. Advertise to the world that Henry County will welcome the immigrant, and that besides the welcome it can be added that she has every other attractiveness o^ soil, climate, and lands at low prices. THE GRASSHOPPER P1.AGUE. It was the year 1875 that will long be remembered by the people of at least four states, as the grasshopper year. The scourge struck Western Missouri April, 1875, and commenced devastating some of the fairest portions of our noble commonwealth. They gave Henry an earnest and overwhelming visitation, and demonstrated with an amazing rapidity that their appetite was voracious, and that everything green belonged to them for their sustenance. They came in swarms, they came by the millions, they came in legions, they came by the mile, and they darkened the heavens in their flight, or blackened the earth's surface, where in myriads they sought their daily meal. Henry County was visited from about the first week of May, and remained until the ist of June, 1875, and during that time, every spear of wheat, oats, flax and corn were eaten close to the ground. Potatoes and all vegetables received the same treatment, and on the line of their march, ruin stared the far- mer in the face, and starvation knocked loudly at his door. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 255. The chinch bug also added to the horror, and they filled the air at times, as though a snow storm was in the grandeur and height of its power. The people were thoroughly alarmed, and the rich and able were called upon to help support their suffering fellow-beings. Meetings were called, and the farmers were advised to plant everything that was possible to arrive at maturity, even if it depended, in a measure, upon a fall. Corn meal had been furnished, and the scene at the depot in Clin- ton was not only an impressive one, but told with ghastly effect the wholesale devastation that the myriads of pests had wrought upon one of the fairest spots on God's green earth. Not far from 200 wagons were collected in the vicinity of the depot at one time, their anxious owners waiting, with an eagerness truly painful to witness, to secure their little donation of corn dispensed by the grange for the benefit of the poor and needy. It is needless to add that many hungry teamsters wended their way homeward with a feeling of thankfulness swelling in their hearts to the giver of all good for raising them up a helper in their time of need. On May the 14th, 1875, the citizens of Clinton became aware that the resources of their own could not meet the wants of the sufferings people looking to them for succor, and to keep the wolf of starvation from their door a meeting was called to decide upon a course of action and to carry it out, as no time was to be lost. The meeting was organized by calling Dr. J. H. Britts to the chair, and Thomas Day, secretary. The chair appointed William A, McLane, R. Z. Fewell, M. Woods, J. B. Gantt and G. Y. Salmon a committee to draft a programme. The report of said committee was received and! committee discharged. Report was discussed and adopted. Motion offered for the chair to appoint a committee of five as an executive com- mittee to receive contributions, distribute the same, and exercise a gen- eral supervision of the wants of the destitute. Motion adopted. Motioned that the executive committee be requested to seek a reduction' of freight. Moved that the township board and trustees be requested to forward the names of the destitute to the executive committee. Motion carried. Moved that the executive committee be empowered to fill all vacancies in township committees. Executive committee appointed by the chair, William H. McLane, G. Y. Salmon, J. B. Colt,. M. Woods, M. Stewart, J. H. Britts and R. W. Majors. Moved that the resolution as to planting be adopted. REPORT. Mr. Chairman — Your committee having consulted, have come to- the conclusion that we have not the means in our midst to relieve the necessity of our poor. Great destitution is alarming. We must have 256 HISTORY OK HENRY COUNTY. aid ! We are now in the midst of a famine ! Tiie people of Henry- County have always contributed liberally when other sections needed our aid; believing then that an appeal to those portions of our country that have been blessed will bring- contributions of corn and bacon for our poor, we are in favor of sending duly authorized agents to solicit aid from the people of other portions of the country, and especially the great center of commerce. WILLIAM H. McLANE, Chairman. J. B. GANTT, Secretary. RESOLUTION. Owing to the fact that there is now great and wide spread alarm among all classes of citizens of this county at the ravages of the grass- hoppers and chinch bugs, and that much harm will necessarily ensue to the growing crops of the county, and in many instances the flax crop is already destroyed, therefore, be it Resolved, ist. That to prevent the destitution that must necessarily follow if the crops of the county are destroyed and not replenished, we earnestly recommend that farmers do not cease planting as long as a crop is likely to mature at all; that after it is too late to plant corn, we recommend Hungarian and millet be sown for the purpose of supplying the deficiency of the hay crop. 2d, That it is only by earnest and persistent effort that we will be able to supply the loss caused by these pests, and to some extent pre- vent the calamity that now threatens us. A resolution to memorialize the state board of equalization was adopted. Committee appointed, W. H. McLane, B. G. Boone and J. B. Gantt. Moved that the county papers be requested to publish the proceed- ings of this meeting. Carried. Moved that executive commttee have power to fill vacancy in their own board. J. H. BRITTS. Chairman. THOMAS DAY. Secretary. Active work at once commenced and an appeal was made for assist- ance, which met with a generous response, even an Iowa town, a dis- tant place, contributing a car load of corn by the appeal of one of Henry County's farmers who had formerly lived in that state, and from many eastern towns came a welcome supply. The hoppers reached Clinton between the loth and 15th, and they moved upon the fields outside, and in twenty-four hours a Mr. Rose- baugh's garden, potato patch and young coin was completely eaten out. They then moved like an army upon his oat field. That which was promising of a handsome yield was within the short space of twenty- four hours a desert waste. On the 15th of June quite a large lot of early corn was received and dealt out in limited supply to all who were ready and willing to plant, to the poor without price, to those able to pay at the cost of delivery, And at that date and for two weeks later supplies or rations were still HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 257 issued to the poor. The grasshoppers began to take their departure about the 20th of June. MEADOW COUNTY. One cannot exactly say " Meadow County," for it only existed like some railroad projects, on paper, but there was a time when the men- tion of Meadow County would raise a tempest of anger in the hearts of some people while joy unspeakable would shine out on the faces of others like the silver lining to the black and sombre clouds which hung o'er the darkened heavens. Up in the northeast part of Henry County on a rise in a beautiful prairie, lies the spot which conceived and wicked men who brought forth the audacious idea of a " Meadow County." The spot aforesaid has for years been known by the name of " Windsor.' It is not of the game cock breed for it is too small, but belongs to the bantam, and according to its inches can make as bold, as daring and as game a fight as any " cock of the walk." But, notwithstanding its fight- ing qualities, the wickedness of its attempt and the outrageous, and it might be said its dastardly conception, it was doomed to meet with dis- appointment and failure, and without wishing to deepen the line of sor- row upon which our little bantam was overwhelmed, about the time that its failure became known, that silver lining took a southwestern shoot and the tempest of anger aforesaid found a resting place in the bosom of our aspiring young bantam, " Windsor." It was a despairing blow to dissatisfied ambition, and while the people of Henry County were per- fectly willing that it should swallow Sedalia they were slightly opposed to its making a meal also of Clinton. This may be called selfishness, but it is the truth, nevertheless, " and that's what's the matter with Windsor." The attempt was made at the session of the general assembly, in the winter of 1870- 1, and the county was to be carved out of Pettis, Johnson, Henry and Benton, and to raise the proud city of Windsor to the exalted position of a county seat, Warrensburg, Sedalia, Warsaw, and Clinton, were to be stuck up in one corner of their respective counties. Certainly there was a whole volume of modesty contained in this simple request, and it is really a wonder that that and succeeding legislature failed, in slang term, " to catch on." However, there was a good deal of noise made, and when the news reached Clinton, on February 21, 1871, that the bill had been favorably reported, the people actually thought they had been struck by lightning. The bells rang out a peal and a meeting was called, and sixteen of her most prominent citizens were made a mass delegation to go to Jef- ferson at once, and sit down on the infernal scheme. Just why they did not pick up the bantam as they passed and wring its neck, has never been explained. They sat down on it, however, until the life was 258 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. crushed out of it. The scheme was once more presented to the legis- lature at the session of 1872-3, but it never rose to the dignity of being able to raise an alarm, and its second attempt died of indigested ambi- tion. This ended " Meadow County," for all time, or in fact, any other attempt to change the present municipal divisions which form our com- monwealth, SWAMP LANDS. The swamp lands of Henry County was a splendid contribution to the educational fund of the county, and had wisdom and business talent conducted its disposition, Henry County's school fund might have been increased many thousands of dollars. In the swamp land management there is no disputing the fact that it was both reckless and unbusiness- like, and it may be said that Henry County was not alone in its waste- ful or reckless management of its school funds, in the disposal of these swamp and overflowed lands, so-called, but in reality, some of the choicest lands in the county was among them. From the time those lands were ready for the market until they were finally disposed of, it seems as if the county court could not rest. Sales were ordered every few months. The price first was $[.25 per acre, but this did not sell them fast enough, and the price was lowered to 75 cents per acre. The land still seems to burn the fingers of the county courts and another fall in price was made to 50 cents per acre. Just two years from the first sale, in February, 1854, the court evidently could not stand it any longer, and so they made an order virtually giving them away, and they evi- dently determined to close them out. The order was made at the Feb- ruary term, 1856, to sell the remaining swamp and overflowed land at 25 cents per acre, and the sheriff was not only ordered to advertise the same within the county, as usual, but to advertise in the Osceola Inde- pendent -and in the Warsaw Democrat. Even this frantic endeavor failed to relieve the county court from its burden, and had it not been for the charitable act of George Y. Salmon and Robert Allen, the court might have been bereft of senses in trying to get rid of what they believed was an enormous elephant on their hands. Messrs. Salmon and Allen kindly took what was left, nearly 4,000 acres, off their hands at the nominal price of 25 cents per acre. The court was saved, and the land went to swell the private pockets of its purchasers, while the school fund held but a moiety of what it should have received. Of course all the purchasers were right in taking these lands at the price offered, and but few would have been willing to have invested so largely as the two last purchasers, who had to hold and pay taxes on them for years, for in the natural course of events it was not to be expected that they could so soon dispose of what the county had believed was an untold evil on their hands. There was no county debt, no great number HISTORY OF h?:nry county. 259 of schools needed just then. The sixteenth sections were being sold off from applications, and the state school money was increasing yearly, but that court gave themselves no rest until every acre of swamp was sold. HOW AND WHEN SOLD. From February 13, 1852, to October i, 1855, over 25,000 acres of land were placed upon the market, and 6,566 99-100 acres sold. Of this 5,237 24-100 acres was sold at government price, except here and there a lot which went higher, where it was wanted by adjoining proprietors, and 1,329! acres was sold at seventy-five cents per acre. Up to June, 1856, there were three sales which numbered in the aggregate 8,218 42-100 acres which were sold at fifty cents per acre, and 6,899 /o-ioo acres at twenty-five cents per acre. Quite a large portion of that sold at the different prices named went over the regular price for special lots. Over 4,000 acres of the first lot sold at twenty-five cents, realized thirty-three cents per acre. Here was a sale of swamp land (in acres) of 21,685 ii-ioo and it realized to the county $12,984.54. Mr. Robert Allen was appointed by the court to select this land, and he received for the work $597.16. The returns of the survey and selection of these lands was made November 14, 1853. Of this swamp land fund there was in the hands of the county treasurer, drawing interest at the rate of ten per cent, per annum, $7,575.81, there was cash on hand of $171.25 on Jan- uary I, 1867, making a total of $7,747.06. This was the report of the county court after a full examination by them of the swamp land funds reported that the disposition that had been made of the funds appeared to stand as above. Here was a small clerical error of $5,237.48 less expenses, and also less the sum of $1,269.70, which was loaned to the use of the road and canal fund, which leaves the net expenses of the sale, locating and sur- veying, $3,967.78, or a trifle over 31 per cent of the total received. The state reports that Henry County had of swamp and overflowed lands 25,298 12-100 acres. This would leave as yet on hand 3,613 acres, and about this number of acres was the purchase made by Messrs. Sal- mon and Allen at the December term, 1856, when they proposed to the county court that they would take the remaining swamp lands belong- ing to Henry County at their advertised offer of twenty-five cents per acre, and the court promptly closed with the ofter. Here seemed to be the end of the swamp land business so far as the land was concerned, only except the land in Taney County, but it did not end what became of the funds, and there seems to have been another discrepancy and another elephant in the management of this fund. An examination showed December, i860 $9,228 46 In July, 1 86 1, there was 9,447 73 And in 1866 another report made the amount on hand 5,288 94 26o HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. What became of this odd $4,000 and upwards the records do not state. Neither is it referred to. The fact that it was gone seems to have been sufficient. However, there was an evident mistake in this report, as was also in the statement that was made- — "that the swamp land bonds amounted to $14,285.52." That probably included the fines and penalties and other county funds that may have been entered together. The state superintendent's report of schools in 1872 gives this state- ment: Henry County swamp lands, acres 25,298 12-100 Amount land sold, acres 27,120 Amount sold for $15,699 "J^ Lost by being improperly secured .... 6,62 1 86 Balance on hand $ 9,077 90 Number of acres unsold, 1,480. These extra acres are probably the forfeited lands. The Swamp Land Fund in 1876, $10,022.88; in 1879, $9,645; in 1881, $11,231.88. The fund is now nearly at a stand. The interest being paid annu- ally to the township, per capita, for school purposes. As the writer of these pages had heard much of these lands, and as was stated, sacrificed, it was thought best to give all the facts which could be found of record. Every statement here made is of record, and as it extended over a period of nearly sixteen years, it took time and patience to place it in a clear light before the reader. Mr. A. C. Avery was appointed county agent to confer with the state authorities in regard to some lands claimed by the state, and to look after Henry County's interest in the matter. His work is not yet com- pleted and of course no report has been made. The county has also, as a part of this swampland gift, 1,680 acres in Taney County. Lewis P. Beatty was authorized in 1877 to go and look- after it, and sec what it amounted to. He did so, returned and made his report. The above was the number of acres belonging to Henry County, of which up to this date none has been sold. POOR FARM. After two requests had been made, and commissioners appointed to select land for a poor farm, and both proved a failure, it was decided by the county court to purchase an improved farm for county purposes. The purchase was accordingly made in April, 1871, of the east half of the northwest quarter, and west half of the northeast quarter of section 33, township 42, range 26, and also the east half of the northeast quarter of the HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 26'I northwest quarter of section 17, in township 41, range 26 ; making a farm of 160 acres, twenty acres of wood land; purchased of Frederick Chris- man, for the sum of $7,200, to be paid in three equal annual instal- ments of $2,400 each, with interest at the rate of ten per cent, per annum. The bonds were made payable to " bearer," and worded: " For the purchase of the poor farm, purchased of Frederick Chrisman." Mr. Robert Allen was put in charge as superintendent, and Dr. J. W. Stewart, county physician. Previous to this Mr. Samuel Jones had been acting as superintendent, but at that time the paupers were boarded at different places, any where that the people would take them. D. A. Henry was made farm manager. Mr. Robert Allen resigned in 1874 and Dr. Stewart was made both superintendent and physician for the county poor. Some talk was made of the doctor's management, but an exami- nation fully exonerated him, and he remained in charge some four years, when he, to, resigned. At the time when Dr. Stewart took charge D. A. Henry retired, and Richard Woodeson assumed the position of manager of the poor farm. This was in 1874. In 1877 the resigna- tion of Dr. Stewart having been accepted, Dr. A. N. Kincanon was appointed superintendent and accepted, as also the position of county physician. Mr. Woodeson continued as farm manager. Dr. Kincanon made his first annual report in February, 1878, to the county court then in session, of his management. His report of expenses for the last quarter of the year, November, December and January, winter months, amounted to $518.23 and that he had sold farm produce to the amount of $596.77, being a surplus of $78.54 still in his hands. This report seems to be perfectly satisfactory to the court for it was the first time that the farm had been able to pay one-fourth and over of its expenses. Mr. Richard Woodeson was still manager. In 1879 Dr. James P. Dimmitt was appointed county physician and superintendent, with Daniel E. A. Price as farm manager. These gen- tlemen were followed in 1880 by Dr. B. H. Land as superintendent and Eli Wade as farm manager. This position Mr. Wade retired from in February, 1883, with the expectation of making Lafayette County his future home. The past year the superintendent has been Mr. James F. Land. The home has now nine tenants. It is one of the best farms in the county, within two miles of the county seat, and is a most pleasant and comfortable home for the unfortunate. CHAPTER XVII. RAILROAD HISTORY. ITS FIRST INCEPTION— PACIFIC RAI LKOAD SUBSCRIPTION jtso.ooc— HOW $5,000 WAS PAID- STOPPING FUKTHER PAYMENT-$, 50,000 T. &N. RAILROAD- THE SUBS RIPTION— $250,000 BONDS— tOME MORE STOCK- GETTING TO THE MEAT-CLINTON & MEMPHIS RAILROAD- A PROTEST-AND S'lTLL ANOTHER PROTEST— WHAT BECAME OF 'J HE $50,000 IF PRACITCABLE— IT WASN'T PRACTICABLE— "A D D BARKEN IDEALITY " RAILROADS. The railroad history of Henry County is one fraught with many mistakes and errors as well as a partial success which has cost the peo- ple many hundreds of thousands of dollars. It was a costly experiment but might have been far less so, had reason assumed control after the die had been cast, and Henry County had placed her credit in a manner it could not be withdrawn. The great benefit which has been received from what was known as the Missouri, Kansas & Texas, now that divi- sion of the Missouri Pacific railway, is certainly beyond count. Had the Tebo & Neosho branch, or that part running to Osceola, been allowed to have been completed, there is not a partical of doubt that ere this it would have paid its investment, notwithstanding the stealings which were supposed to have been going on. Those bonds have already been partly paid; the remainder will be. and yet no road. The trade that would have come to Clinton from the south, the opening of the coal veins and the increased value of real estate would have redeemed the bonds. Experience is a dear teacher, but its lessons are numbered. Notwithstanding the faults and the mis- takes of the past, Henry County must have another railroad within her border, and that road must enter her territory at the northwest and find its southern outlet in the direction of Osceola, in St. Clair County. Kan- sas City, which has become the metropolis of the Missouri Valley, lies but about seventy-five miles from the county seat of Henry County. That city has become the second cattle and hog market in the country, and it is there that the farmers and business men will secure the best returns for their products, and at the same time find a purchasing emporium for all their wants. When that opening comes Henry County, already far advanced, will take a more rapid stride toward the head of the column of agricultural counties in the state. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 263 THE FIRST START. The first railroad project which drew the attention of the people was called the Pacific Railroad, and Henry County was called to sub- scribe $10,000 of the stock. This was done by a vote of the people at the August election, 185 1. It rested in that way for twelve months and probably lapsed, when the following is found of record: $50,000 PACIFIC RAILROAD SUBSCRIPTION. The following order appears of record at what was termed a " call term " of the county court, held on the 25th day of August, 1852, the people having voted at the August election in its favor. It reads: " Under the direction of a majority of the people of this county, it is ordered by the court that $50,000 worth of stock be subscribed to the Pacific Railroad on the part of the county, provided: That said road is located on the route surveyed on the dividing of the Missouri and Osage Rivers, known as Kirkwood Survey, passing by the high point of Tebo, or through the county. The county bonds for which stock to be issued whenever the railroad is under contract to the county line, or north of it, and upon the further condition that the legislature of this state hereafter legalizes the action of this court." The matter seems to have rested there until the February term of the county court, February i8th, 1853, when the following order was made: " Ordered that the order made at the adjourned term of the court, held the 25th day of August, 1852, under the direction of the majority of the people of this county, authorizing said court to subscribe $50,000 worth of stock to the Pacific Railroad, be, and the same is, hereby amended, so as to dispense with the condition of passing the high point of Tebo, or this county, but to run the Kirkwood survey through Johnson County on the ridge route. And it is further ordered that James M. Gatewood be appointed special agent to subscribe stock to the above amount in said railroad, for and in behalf of the county." William Wall, Joseph Davis and Asa C. Marvin were appointed agents to attend the meeting of the directors of the Pacific Railroad, and vote its stock. At the term of court, February, 1854, $1,100 were paid over, being, as the order reads, " 10 per cent of the subscription." The money was borrowed from the road and canal fund. A few days after, at the same term, the court ordered a warrant for $800 to be drawn in favor of Joseph Davis, the money to be paid on the call made by the Pacific Railroad Company, as above stated. BORROWING MONEY. A portion of the money to pay the call was borrowed of William M. Hall, who received the county's obligation for $500, and had turned over 264 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. to him $914 of swamp land bonds. The balance to make up the pay- ment, $2,760, was borrowed of the road and canal fund. This was in Feb- ruary, and at the May term of the court, 1854, Asa C. Marvin, financial agent of the county in railway matters, brought in the receipt of George R. Smith, the agent of the Pacific Railway Company, for $5,000, being the amount of the first call of ten per cent, on the stock subscribed. Nothing of moment transpired until the February term, 1857, when an order was made restraining the sheriff from further collection of the tax levied for the purpose of paying interest and calls on stock taken by the county in the Pacific Railroad Company. The tax was the same as the state levy at the time, and the sheriff was ordered to pay back to parties already paid, and await a suit. J. Davis objected to paying the tax, and got out an injunction restraining the sheriff from collecting. Hence, the above order, which was to last until the suit was decided. The court in May, 1857, appointed Robert Allen commissioner, with full power to act, for Henry County, to vote stock, pay moneys, etc., he to give a bond in the sum of $20,000 for the faithful discharge of his duties. At the October term, 1858, the court ordered Robert Allen, com- missioner, who had the county affairs in his hands, to turn over what money he had collected by taxation into the county treasury, and at the same time suit was ordered to commence against him and his sureties, for the funds collected for the Pacific Railroad, and for its return into the treasury, as above. At the November term, 1858, the late sheriff, Dewitt C. Stone, reported in his hands funds arising from the railroad tax of $1,765.95. This sum the court ordered to be deposited in the county treasury. STOPPING PAYMENT. This, it seems, was not done, so at the April term, 1859, suit was ordered against Stone and his security, for moneys collected by him on a levy for subscription to the railroad company. Alexis Walmsley was appointed attorney to prosecute the case. This order seemed to get Mr. Stone and he came into court and entered into an agreement to pay over said money if the court would stand between him and a suit by the railroad company. This the court agreed to do, provided the costs and penalties did not exceed the amount to be paid over, to wit: $1,725.80; the money to be paid in by April 22, 1859. The suit was held in abey- ance until the above date, in case of his failure to pay over the money. The amount of $1,765.92 was paid into the treasury, as reported by Royal L. Burge, treasurer, at the May term-, 1859. The next item in this railroad matter, of record, was an order to pay Russell Hicks $400, attorney fees, in a case in the circuit court of the Pacific Railroad Company against Henry County. This was in 1861. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 265 June 12, 1863, the treasurer was ordered to invest all the railroad funds in the treasury in county warrants, the latter to be hied with the clerk of the county court, to be held for the use and benefit of the rail- road tax fund. This seems to be the ending of the Pacific Railway Company matter so far as it was of any importance to the people. There was a correspondence opened with the company early in 1866 to ascertain upon what terms they would transfer the stock held by the county, to the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company. What the correspondence amounted to is not of record, but in August, 1866, an order was made for an election to test the feelings of the people to sub- scribe $150,000 to the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company, the election to- be held September 26 of that year. The question was carried and $150,000 was subscribed to the stock of said Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company. $ I 50,000 T. & N. As a large portion of the people of Henry County are not acquainted with all the facts in the railway controversy, it will be perhaps best tO' give a plain statement, as the people have in the past years been con- siderably exercised over the acts of a few reckless persons, and are still paying the penalty in the shape of annual taxes to the gross amount of hundreds of thousands of dollars, the value of which they have not received one cent. When the vote was carried subscribing $150,000 to the new candi- date for public favor, the president of the company came forward and made a few suggestions to the county court. The first was to issue to- his company one bond to the amount of the entire subscription, and then coupon bonds of $1,000 each with interest at seven per cent per annum, payable in New York, and the interest to be paid semi- annually on the 1st of July and January, and to date from January i,. 1867, "That upon the return of the single bond 150 bonds may be issued iHstead thereof" It may be supposed that'the 150 single bonds were not issued for the building of the railroad, that was consummated by the issue of the one bond of $150,000. That bond was redeemed by the issue of the 150' separate $1,000 bonds with coupons attached. This rather strength- ened the legality and further secured the final payment of the bonds. These suggestions, as above noted, were made in the form of reso- lutions passed by the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company, and pre- sented to the county court by its then president, Thomas L. Wilson. THE SUBSCRIPTION. The county court in session January 5, 1867, complied with these requests, in the following order, made of record and recorded on pages- 474 and 475, book E. It reads: 266 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. " In response to said resolutions and in connpliance with the vote of the county at a special election held on the 26th day of September, 1866, j it is considered and ordered by the court: That the county of Henry, in the state of Missouri, take and subscribe to the capital stock of the Tebo & Neosho railroad company, fifteen hundred shares of one hun- dred dollars each, amounting to the sum of one hundred and fifty thou- sand dollars, and that Rox^al L. Burge, be, and he is hereby appointed the agent of said county, to subscribe said shares to the capital stock of said company, with full power and authority to represent said county and transact all business of the same pertaining to said stock. It is further ordered that a single bond of said county for the sum of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, bearing date on the first day of Jan- uary, 1867, payable ten years after date, with interest at the rate of seven per centum per annum, payable semi-annually, and both principal and interest payable in the city of New York, be issued and delivered to said company for its immediate use; and it is further ordered that upon the return of said bond to said county, that one hundred and fifty bonds of said county for one thousand dollars each, payable ten years after date, bearing seven per cent, interest per annum, with suitable coupons attached, be issued in lieu of said bond, and delivered to said company in payment of the subscription aforesaid." " It is ordered by the court that Peter A. Ladue be requested to pre- pare a form for said bond with coupons attached, and ascertain the expense of lithographing the same, and report to the court at the next February term thereof." The bonds were contracted for and received, and were to be, when issued, signed by the president of the county court, and countersigned by the county clerk. The first of the single series of bonds, ten in num- ber, numbered from one to ten — were signed and turned over to the county treasurer, July 17, 1867, "as part of stock subscription to the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company, by Henry County." The bonds were then continued to be issued, and placed in the hands of Royal L Burge, until the number of 107 had been issued, when the court ordered the remain- der at a called term of the court, held October 8, 1868, to be turned over to the treasurer of the railroad company, the number being from 108 to 150, inclusive, in full for subscription to 'the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company on the part of Henry County. After the death of Royal L. Burge, which occurred October 19, 1868, R. C. McBeth was made railroad attorney for the county, in the Pacific Railroad suit. $250,000 ADDED. In May, 1869, the county court met and subscribed $250,000 to the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company in coupon bonds of $1,000 each, with interest, and upon certain conditions therein expressed, and levied a tax of 40 cents on the $100 to pay interest on the railroad bonds for the year 1869. The principal conditions were, that the road should. run diagon- ally across the county in the direction of Fort Scott, and $1 50,000 of the I HISTORY OF HENRV COUNTY. 267 bonds should not be handed over until the road was completed to Clin- ton, and the cars running thereon. The other $100,000 was to be delivered, it is supposed, when called for, as no mention was made in the order of retaining but the $150,000. These bonds, principal and inter- est, were payable at the Park Bank, in New York City, the bonds draw- ing ten per cent, interest, tlie interest payable semi-anmially. The bonds were dated June i, iS6g, with the understanding, that when the $150,- 000 were delivered, that the coupons should be cut off to date of delivery. William Jennings, one of the members of the county court, was made county agent to subscribe the stock to said railroad, which was done under date of May 5th, 1869. The tax levy of 40 cents on the $100 valuation made to meet the interest on bond subscribed, produced the sum of $20949.78, of which $15,280.06 was returned collected, besides the collector's commission and $4,879.59 delinquent. However, on the ist day of January, 1870, the railroad company wished to secure the first $100,000, which, it seems, the court had reserved the right to deliver at its own option. To effect this the friends of the road obligated themselves to the county in the sum of $100,000, which obligation or bond was signed by Asa C. Marvin, Richard H. Milton and Cyrus Newkirk, conditioned, that if the railroad was com- pleted to Clinton by the ist day of November, 1870, it should be (the bond) null and void, the company to be allowed extra time for all una- voidable delay. This is what secured to the people of Henry County the present road, first known as the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad, (M., K. & T.) now the M., K. & T. division of the Missouri Pacific Rail- road. It has been an immense advantage to the people, to the advance- ment of the material prosperity of Henry County, and could the Kan- sas City road have been completed. Henry County to-day would had a much larger population, and her wealth would have been increased many hundreds of thousands of dollars. There is no one thing that would give so much new life, and develop the rich resources which now lie barren of results in Henry County, as a direct railroad to Kansas City. That road may go b}' the way of Har- risonville, or still more direct, by the way of Holden, and then an inde- pendent line from there, or strike the Chicago & Alton near the eastern border of Jackson County, and within its limits. The people then would have a market the equal of St. Louis, and 150 miles nearer. The road must be built if the people of Henry County would not have their county, rich in agricultural and mineral wealth, lie stagnant, while all around them is energy and enterprise. Delay is folly, if all that go to make a people prosperous, and the county advance in material wealth, is an object to be sought. At the August term of the county court, 1870, it was decided to deliver to the company above mentioned, the remaining bonds, $150,000, 268 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. and the presiding justice and the clerk were ordered to sign the same and deliver them to the proper officer of the railroad company, first cut- ting off the July coupons, which was done and the bonds delivered. With this action closed the official history of the county with the Missouri, Kansas & Texas, or Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company, so far as that road was concerned, only excepting the important part of paying the bonds subscribed to the road, which had ten years to run, and the legal proceedings attached thereto. The next railroad matter claiming the attention of the writer of this history, was called a branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad. CLINTON Si MEMPHIS RAILROAD. Notwithstanding that the tax or levy for railroad purposes had been raised from forty cents on the $ioo valuation in 1869 to seventy cents in 1870, the projectors of the above road petitioned the county court for a subscription of $150,000 upon a petition of the names of sundry voters of the county, without the formality of an election, or a two-third vote of the people, as was made on the other road. The court, however, sub- scribed the $150,000 upon certain conditions and restrictions, the road to run in the direction of or to Osceola in St. Clair County and in the general direction of Memphis, and no bonds to be delivered until a con- tract was let which was of a kind to warrant its full performance in doing the grading and the masonry on the proposed line to the south line of the county. This proposition for subscription was made at the August term of the county court and was carried by two of the three judges, one dissenting. The same parties also requested the court to subscribe $50,000 to the CLINTON & KANSAS CITY RAILROAD, or to the Clinton & Kansas City Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Rail- road. This subscription was also made by the same two judges, one dissenting and whose protest is here given. The conditions of this last subscription was that the money was to be used within Henry County in the general direction of Kansas City, either through Cass County or through Johnson County. Hon. Joseph Hillegus, associate justice, was made the county agent, and subscribed the above bonds as he had the $150,000 previous to the Clinton & Memphis Branch. THE PROTEST. The Hon. William Jennings, presiding justice of the court, entered his protest to both subscriptions in the following words, recorded on folios 357 and 358, book F, county court records: HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 269 " First. The court is prohibited by the seventeenth section of chap- ter 63 of the general statutes of Missouri, from taking the stock it sub- scribed or to lend its credit to said proposed railroad, without having first ordered an election at which two-thirds of the qualified voters of Henry County should give their assent to said subscription. There having been no such election the subscription is illegal and void. Second Because there is no legal corporation organized under any law of this state by the name of the Clinton & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, nor any lawfully organized corporation by the name of the Clinton & Kansas City Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Rail- road. , . , 1 • J- 4-1 Third. Because the county court has no right to do indirectly, what she is prohibited from doing directly by the statutes before cited, namely to vote money and aid to a railroad organized since the adop- tion of the new constitution of Missouri, without the preliminary step of an election at which two-thirds of the qualified voters of the county should vote in favor of the subscription. Fourth Because by the order of the county court of last term the subscription was agreed to be voted by the majority of the court upon a petition of a majority of the tax-payers of Henry County, and there has been no legal or sufficient evidence produced to the court that said majority have so petitioned. . Fifth Because in view of the burdensome taxation already imposed on the citizens of Henry County, I consider this new tax ruin- ous in its tendencies and inexpedient at this time. [Signed.] WILLIAM JENNINGS, President. August 4, 1870." Notwithstanding this protest the subscription stood, and on Novem- ber 7. 1870. the court ordered to be delivered the $150,000 in bonds to the "Committee of construction" of the Clinton & Memphis branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company. The next August, being August 15, 1871, the $50,000 in bonds subscribed to the Clinton & Kansas City branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad were also signed and turned over to the "chairman" of construction committee of that road, the company having, as before stated in the order, "fulfilled the conditions prescribed and therefore entitled to the bonds." This order was made under the protest of Jarred Stephenson, associate justice, for he said the reason " because said subscription was made in violation of law and the wishes and interests of the taxpaying citizens of Henry County." Yet Mr. Stephenson was one of the justices who made the subscription to the road, over the protest of the presiding justice, Judge William Jennings. At this same term of the court an order was passed, Justice Jarred Stephenson again protesting, appointing John S. Kimbrough, the agent of the county of Henry, in all matters pertaining to the two branches, heretofore spoken ot, the Tebo & Neosho Railroad. The appointment was more especially made to act upon a petition of the transfer, by sale or lease of said branches, or of said stock, "to any other corporation or railroad company." He was fully empowered to act as his judgment 270 ■ HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. might dictate, the only provi'^o of the court being that Henry County should hold stock to the same amount in any company or corporation said stock should be transferred. He was to cast the vote of Henry County and to hold his position with full power until his appointment was revoked by the county court. To this action Judge Stephenson as above remarked entered his protest in the words following: ANOTHER PROTEST. "To the above action of Judges Munson and Hillegus in appointing an agent to cast the vote of Henry County, I enter my protest, for the following reasons: * First — Because the said Clinton & Kansas City branch, and Clinton & Memphis branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad have no existence in law, and any subscription of stock to said branch roads by the County of Henry for the construction of said branch roads is void. Second — Because the pretended subscription made by the county court to aid in the construction of said branch roads was made in viola- tion of law and against the interests and wish of the tax paying citizens of this county. Third — Because the bonds of said Henry County, issued in pay- ment of said subscription to said branch roads are illegal and utterly void. [Signed] JARRED STEPHENSON." August 15th, 1871. A new company had been formed or organized under the name of the Kansas City, Memphis & Mobile Railroad Company, and this com- pany (so called) wished to get the franchise, bonds, etc., of the branch roads aforesaid, and the appointment of Mr. Kimbrough as agent of Henry County was the first step to secure said object. On the 31st day of August, 1871, the stockholders of the Clinton & Memphis branch, and of the Clinton & Kansas City branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, held a meeting in Clinton, in which Mr. Kimbrough made his appearance, and he then and there voted the sale of the branches to the said (so called) Kansas City, Memphis & Mobile Railroad Company, and stated in his report that a majority of said stockholders so voted, and that the condition of this sale was that Henry County should have 2,000 shares of $100 each in the new company in place of the shares in said branches of an equal amount. The county court accef)ted the report of its agent, and also accepted the certificate for 2,000 shares in the new company, at the meeting of the county court held November 6, 1871. Mr. Kimbrough also presented his account for services rendered as above, and received a Henry County warrant for the sum of $31.31, in full of demands. The first six months interest on all the bonds subscribed to the branch roads were cut off and destroyed. They amounted to $10,000. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 2/1 Matters for a while seemed to iiave drifted along. The tax levy of 1871, for railroad purposes, was placed at 90 cents on the $100 valuation of the county assessment, but was divided, 64 cents going to the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas, and 36 cents for the branch roads. "This was done, as an injuction suit had been commenced against the payment of the interest on the bonds issued to the branches. Nothing of importance transpired outside of the legal contest. Work toward Osceola had been commenced, and was finally, so far as grading, and the culverts put in, finished. On the 26th of May, 1874, there being some doubt as to the disposi- tion of the $50,000 in bonds delivered to the construction committee of the Clinton & Kansas City Branch, and there being no work done, the county court was asked to investigate, and if possible find out what dis- position has been made of those bonds. The court approved of the sug- gestion and appointed W. W. Gatewood, then county attorney, and Messrs. Parks and Gantt, to assist him, in trying, '"if practicable',' to dis- cover the whereabouts of the missing $50,000. They were issued expressly for the work to be done within Henry County, in the direction of Kansas City, either by the way of Cass County or Johnson County, and for no other purpose. They had been issued over three years and no work done. If the gentlemen made any report, it was not put upon the records. The same year, 1874, the Missouri, Kansas & Texas commenced suit against Henry County for excessive valuation, by an injunction for assessment purposes, and J. B. Gantt was appointed attorney by the county to defend it. The valuation for 1873, was $592,739, and that of 1874, which had been handed in by the railroad company, at a much lower valuation, the county court refused to accept, and placed its assess- ment at $592,640. This the railroad company objected to, and hence the suit. This road, we believe, is now bonded at a cost of some $40,000 per mile, and this tax is but a trifle over one-third of what the company claims it to have cost. No doubt the road and its equipment cost over one million of dollars, and fifty per cent of its real value was not exor- bitant taxation, especially when $400,000 was given the company out- right by the people. The assessment for 1875, was$653,832.45, and about the same for 1876. In 1877, the county assessed on this same Missouri, Kansas & Texas road, $533,501.15 valuation, and the different townships on a valuation of $564,008.51, but in 1878, came down to the sum of $449,168.76, as the total assessed valuation of the railroad property of this corporation within the county. The company opposed taxation, but was willing to receive interest on the bonds, even if suits had to be brought to compel the one and reject the other. The old Pacific bonds, of which but part had been issued, the court ordered no taxes to be collected, and those that had paid taxes into the 2/2 HISTORY OF HKNRY COUNTY. treasury for the interest redemption of the bonds, and held certificates, to come forward and get their money back. The interest fund had been loaned, and the treasurer was ordered to call it in and pay, after adding 40 per cent., to those who had paid taxes and subscription previous to i860. This order was made in April, 1875, and renewed July, 1877. In the meantime the Missouri, Kansas & Texas had passed into the hands of a receiver, and the $400,000 subscribed to the capital stock by Henry County seemed to have " gone where the woodbine twineth," but if there was death as regards the stock, there was life in the taxation yet left on the property, and that increase of the taxable wealth of the county was where the people were destined to get their money back, if ever. The subscription may have been considered costly, but where the people, as in this case, got the road^ there was not so much lost, but much may be gained in the end. The people of Missouri have not and never will lose anything by the building of railroads. It is only where bonds and money have been g-iven, scoundrels have gotten away with it, and the roads expected having proved but a "d — d barren ideality," that the people have had cause to romplain. CHAPTER XVIII. ONE MILLION DOLLARS SQUANDERED— $400,000 OF STOCK SOLD FOR $86,585.71. THE RAILROAD BULL GORING THE COUNTY OX— LAW SUITS, JUDGMENTS AND MANDA- MUS—JUDGE GANTT APPOINTED COUNTY AGENT— H. W. SALMON VERBALLY AP- POINTED—THE SALE— THE PURCHASE OF BONDS, JUDGMENTS AND COUPONS-AND VET AFTER ALL A MILLION DOLLARS AND OVER SQUANDERED— TAX LEVY— COM- PROMISE-EXCHANGE OF BONDS-REDUCTION OF DEBT-FINAL COST. RAILROAD BULL AND COUNTY OX. In regard to the remark above of a willingness on the part of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas to receive interest and avoid taxation, the fol- low ing order of the court seems to bear out such a construction, outside of the notorious fact of a desire for under valuation when it came to the assessment. This order, dated October 22, 1875, reads: " It is ordered by the court that if William Bond, receiver of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Company, shall pay into the county treasury on or before the first day of November, 1875, the state interest tax amounting to $1,285.60, and school tax of the sum of $2,422.45, which is now due from said company, the balance of the tax due for the year 1874 will be made in two equal sums of $396.61, payable respect- ively on the 1st day of April and July, 1876, without interest until after maturity, which, if not then paid, shall draw ten per cent." There was a disposition on the part of persons holding Henry County bonds which would come due the following January, 1877, to find out what could be done to secure their pay, and they suggested to the county court a conference. Judges M. Wood and M. A. Stewart were authorized to see what the bondholders proposed. They went to St. Louis in April, 1876, and just what they reported on their return is not of record, but this little order can be found on page 225 of record book H, which reads to the point: " It is ordered by the court that E. Allison, county treasurer, be and he is hereby directed not to pay any money after this date on any railroad coupon of Henry County until the further order of this court. May 20, 1876." There was considerable lawing done in regard to these bonds, and quite a number of lawyers, both inside and outside of the county, had 18 274 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. received liberal fees for making defense of the county's interest, but the first practical result of the above order seemed to be in the purchase of forty-five one thousand dollar bonds for the sum of $18,058.10, a trifle over forty cents on the dollar. In the meantime, a Mr. A. H. Nicholay got judgment in the United States Circuit Court against the county for $25,000, and a mandamus was issued, compelling the county to pay, and accordingly a levy was made of 15 cents on the $100 valuation, to pay this judgment. This levy was made in May, 1878, at the time of the levy for general taxation. Judg- ments began to fall fast upon Henry County, nearly all the suits going against her. A tax became necessary, for it had been determined to use the sinking fund and all other funds that could be spared to pur- chase bonds and coupons at 40 cents on the dollar, or thereabouts, judg- ments or no judgment. The creditors in fact knew nothing of funds on hand, and would agree to wait for a new tax levy. Therefore, the court asked for a five mill tax to raise money to pay these judgments and got it, and it was enough to add to the purchasing fund a little to discount bonds on. Judge Wright had granted the order, and then when a new batch of judgments were rendered later, Judge Gantt granted another. However, something had to be done, and the court made a bold strike to get rid of the stock held in the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Road, and secure the best price possible, and invest the proceeds in the county's indebtedness. There did not seem to be much outside talk about this move. Something near $100,000 in judgments and bonds held by those who had secured them, caused a desire, if possible, to tide over and save the county. It had defaulted on principal and interest from 1875, but the mandamus knew " no such word as fail." JUDGE GANTT'S APPOINTMENT. August iith, 1879, the following appointment is made of record: *' It is ordered by the court that James B. Gantt be, and he is hereby appointed agent of Henry County, in the State of Missouri, to exchange the stock which Henry County holds, to wit: Four thousand shares in the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company, for the same amount of stock in the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Company, and also that he be author- ized and empowered to sell said stock in the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Company, and to assign, set over and transfer said Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Company stock to the purchaser or purchasers thereof, and said James B. Gantt is authorized to endorse said Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company stock in the name of said county." This wasn't a very strange order, and as the stock of the aforesaid road was of but little quotable value, it was not thought or expected much could be done with it. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 2/5 Judge Gantt made his preparations to carry out this order as rapidly as possible, and the county court gave him a verbal order to secure as his assistant Major H. W. Salmon. The report of their doing is so important to the people that it is given here in full. THE CLOSING OUT. The final closing out of the M., K. & T. stock reduced the outstand- ing indebtedness of the coufity $183,301.77. The sale was supposed to have been made too soon, as the stock went higher the next spring, but judgments wouldn't waic, and as the stock went up so did Henry County bonds, so if loss was made on one side it gained on the other. It looks rather hard to see what has been paid, what is yet to be cancelled, and then look at its results. Still, at this time the die was cast, the matter has been compromised, and while it may be considered something of a burden, the people to-day can far easier redeem the debt than one-half of it could have been done six or seven years ago. Here is the report: JUDGE GANTT'S REPORT. To the County Court of Henry County, Missouri: I have the honor to report that in compliance with the order of this court, made and entered of record at the August term, 1879, ^"^^ o^'^ the I2th day of August, 1879, appointing me the agent of Henry County to exchange the four thousand shares of stock held by Henry Count}' in the Tebo & Neosho Railwa)' Company, for a like number of shares of the stock of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Company, and to sell the same for the use of said county, and in pursuance of the verbal instructions of the court, that I should associate with myself Major H. W. Salmon, to assist and co-operate with me in effecting the exchange and sale of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway stock. We proceeded to New York City, reaching there on Saturday, the 4th day of October, 1879. We succeeded in effecting the exchange of the old stock, and the issuance of the new stock in the name of H. W. Salmon, on the 8th day of October, 1879, ^"<^ sold said new stock on that day, and the day fol- lowing, through the firm of S. F. Johnson & Co., No. 2 Nassau Street, New York City, whose statement of the sale and accounting for the pro- ceeds thereof, are herewith filed and made a part of this report, and is marked " Exhibit A." From these statements, it will be observed, they account to Major H. W. Salmon for the proceeds of seven thousand shares, instead of four thousand shares, the amount of Henry County's stock. This excess of three thousand shares is the stock of Vernon County, Missouri, whose agent, Judge Paul F. Thornton, accompanied us, and transferred the stock of Vernon County to Major H. W. Salmon, also, in order to accomp- lish for Vernon County the same purpose we had in view, and in account- ing Vernon County had three-sevenths and Henry County four-sevenths of the net proceeds. 2/6 IlISTOKV or HENK\ COUNTY. That is to say, the whole amount received by Major H. W. Salmon, of S. F. Johnson & Co. was $151,525, of which amount I received of Major Salmon four-sevenths, or $86,585 71, and Judge Paul F. Thornton for Vernon County three-sevenths, or $64,939.29; so that I have had in my hands the said sum of $86,585.71, which sum, after deducting the amount of our expenses incurred in this behalf — that is, for traveling expenses, hotel bills and other expenditures on this account, which were both for Major Salmon and myself, $600 — left in my hands for investment $85,985.71. You will further notice that the stock was sold at from $21 per share to $22^ per share, thus averaging the highest price that Missouri, Kansas & Texas stock had ever commanded in the stock mar- ket, as can readily be seen by the "Stock Report" compiled from the record of the New York Stock Exchange, covering a period of twenty years from i860 to 1880, which shows in tabulated form the highest and lowest prices this stock brought during each month since it was placed on the stock board of the New York Stock Exchange, which said report I also file herewith as a part of this report of mine, making it exhibit " B." It may be proper for me to state in this connection that this Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas stock declined and advanced for several weeks after this sale, going as low as $20 per share in November following our sale in October, and afterward advancing in the late winter and spring, until some of the counties, viz, Pettis County, sold for $30 per share. While on the one hand it may be a subject of regret that we did not hold this stock and obtain the highest price therefor, yet it will and must be remembered that the order of the court was made under peculiar circumstances. For years the stock had been considered utterly value- less, and even in January, 1879, was quoted at $5| per share, so great was the mortgage debt of the railroad and the continued default of the company to pay interest on its first mortgage bonds. When your Honors determined to sell the stock you had a two-fold object in view, namely; to prevent a levy and sale of this stock in favor of some of the numerous judgments, creditors of Henry County, who had obtained their judgments in the United States courts prior to your order, as had been done in a number of cases against other counties, notably Schuyler and Callaway Counties, and they entirely sacrificed the stock and at the same time paying out its proceeds at dollar for dollar on these judgments. Your order prevented this sacrifice and saved thou- sands of dollars to the county. Your other object was to obtain from this stock a fund with which you could purchase in the outstanding railroad indebtedness of the county while they were at a large discount. This you have accomplished in a large measure and whatever the result has been, no one can question the motives of the court, and considering the advance in securities of all kinds the past year, there is still no doubt you sold at the proper time. In carrying out the verbal instruc- tions of the court and furthering its purpose to invest the money received from the sale of this stock in buying in the outstanding indebtedness of the county consisting of its railroad bonds together with the interest thereon and the judgments obtained on the same against the county, I have with the aid and assistance of Maj. H. W. Salmon, whom I called to my assistance as desired by the court, bought Henry County bonds, judgments against the county, interest coupons and interest thereon HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 277 amountin^^ in the ag^gregate to $183,301.77 buying the same as rapidly as I could under the circumstances, avoiding at the same time making any purchase that was in our opinion calculated to advance the price of the bonds of the county and thus increasing our indebtedness, and, as your Honors are aware, consulting in almost every instance with the court prior to making an investment. By reference to a detailed statement herewith filed, marked Exhibit "C," you will find that I have purchased with the funds aforesaid, fifty- one bonds of $1,000 each, of tens of 1870; fifty-four bonds of $1,000 each, of tens of the C. & M. Branch of Tebo & Neosho Railroad, of 1871, and twelve bonds, tens of 1871, of $1,000 each, of the Clinton and Kansas City Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, with interest coupons thereto attached as per statement; also judgments against the county on railroad bonds and coupons, and a small amount of extra detached coupons from bonds. The total expenditures on account of the purchases made as stated above together with the expenses of H, W. Salmon, myself and W. D. Tyler, incurrred in traveling expenses, telegrams and express charges, etc., amounts to $84,666.57, leaving in my hands $1,319.14, which sum I now here hand to the court. Concerning the prices paid for these bonds, I will say that the bonds of Henry County, as well as the bonds of other counties, and all other securities have advanced since this business was undertaken; caused, as all are aware, in a large measure by the easy money market, and the gen- eral prosperity of the country. HE BEARS TESTIMONY. Before closing this report I desire now and here to bear testimony to the skill and fidelity to Henry County, shown by Maj. H. W. Salmon throughout this whole business. I do not desire to arrogate to myselt the credit of having made the purchase of these bonds, and managing the negotiations with the various persons with whom we had to deal, as I have relied in a great measure on his large experience and extensive acquaintance with such matters. At one time we thought it best to send some discreet person to Kentucky, where a large number of our bonds are held, and we selected for this purpose Mr. W. D. Tyler, cashier of the First National Bank, of Clinton, and while he did not succeed in making the purchase, he obtained much valuable information, and his expenses, $125, I have paid as was agreed before hand. In conclusion, I desire, both in behalf of Major Salmon and myself to thank this court and its individual members for the uniform courtesy and confidence reposed in us in the management of this matter, coming as it did unsought by us. And I will only add, in my own behalf that every act and move I have made in the premises has been to subserve the best interests of Henry County. All of which is respectfully submitted for your approval. JAMES B. GANTT. The following are the papers referred to: "EXHIBIT C." Statement of bonds, interest coupons, and judgments purchased for Henry County, with funds arising from sale of Tebo & Neosho stock, 278 HISTORY OK HENRY COUNTY. showing the date of each purchase, from whom purchased and the amount paid therefor. NOVEMBER I, 1 879. LOT NO. I. Bought of Donaldson & Fraley 22 bonds, Clinton & Memphis branch Tebo & Neosho Kailroad, Nos. ^6, 77, 78, 79, 80, 8 r, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96 and 97, with coupons of 1872 and subse- quent, paid $1 1,000. JANUARY 28, 1880. LOT NO. 2. Bought of Alfred Ennis, attorney for Portsmouth Savings Bank, 40 bonds, lOs of 1870 issue, Nos. 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137. 138, 139. 140, 141. 142, 143. 144. 145. 148, 149. 150, i5f. 152, 156, 157, 158, 166, 167, 168, 169, 182, 184, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 2^\g and 220, with July, 1879, coupons and those subsequent. Also three coupons of July, 1878, from bonds 142, 143 and 144. Also two judgments in favor of the Portsmouth Savings Bank vs. Henry County, in the United States Circuit, Western District of Missouri, Nos. 1035 and 1300, as per state- ment accompanying said bonds. Paid $28,368.90. MARCH 20, 1880. LOl NO. 3. Bought of the Farmers and Merchants, Hannibal, Missouri, one bond, No. 24. Clinton & Kansas City Branch of Tebo & Neosho Rail- road, with July, 1878, and subsequent coupons attached. Paid $410. MARCH 20, 1880. LOT NO. 4. Bought of W. J. McNight, four January, 1876, coupons, from bonds Nos. 139, 145, 149 and 150, of issue of 1867. Paid $52. MAY 5, 1880. LOT NO. 5. Bought of Donnell, Lawson & Simpson, 21 bonds, Nos. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, 49, 50, 56 and 57 of Clinton & Memphis Branch, and Nos. 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 49 of Clinton & Kansas City Branch of Tebo & Neosho Railroad, with coupons of 1879 and subsequent attached, also judgment No. 1297 of E. C. Lewis vs. County, Jmie 30, 1879, for $8,852, in United States Court. Paid $16,832.67. AUGUST 29, 1880. LOT NO. 6. Bought of Donalson & Fraley ten bonds, Nos. 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 44, 45, 46 and 47 Clinton & Memphis Branch, Tebo & Neosho Railroad, with coupons of July, 1876, and subsequent. Paid $7,775. SEPTEMBER I, 1880. LOT NO. 7. Bought of Donnell, Lawson & Simpson ten bonds, Nos. loi, 102, 1.03, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109 and 1 10 Clinton & Memphis Branch, Tebo HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 2/9 & Neosho Railroad, with coupons of July 1875, a'nd subsequent. Paid $7,850. NOVEMBER 10, 1880, LOT NO. 8. Bought of Donalson & Fraley one bond, No. 64, Chicago & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad with coupons of 1875 and sub- sequent. Paid $860. DECEMBER I, 1880, LOT NO. 9. Bought of Donnell, Lawson & Simpson " Patty B. Lex bonds," nine bonds, lOs of 1870, Nos. 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233 and 234, with coupons January, 1879, and subsequent, together with judg- ment of W. R. and Patty B. Lex vs. Henry County in the United States Circuit Court, Western District of Missouri, No. 1,274, November 21, 1879, for $2,570.50. Paid, $8,542.50. DECEMBER I, 1880, LOT NO. 10. Bought of Donnell, Lawson & Simpson one bond, No. 4, los of 1870, with coupons of July 1876 and subsequent. This bond is now held by Donnell, Lawson & Simpson, of New York, for H. W. Salmon. Paid, $885. DECEMBER 6, 1880, LOT NO. 11. Bought of Donnell, Lawson & Simpson, one bond. No. 109, los of 1870, with coupons of July, 1876, and subsequent. This bond is also in the hands of Donnell, Lawson & Simpson, of New York, held for H. W. Salmon. Paid, $915. DECEMBER 6, 1880, LOT NO. 12. Bought of James M. Avery, one bond. No. 120, Clinton & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, lOs of 1871, with coupons of January, 1875, attached, and subsequent, and six extra coupons, Nos. 153 and 154, July, 1874, lOs, 1871, and July, 1876, January, 1877, July, 1877, and January, 1878; coupons from bond 24, Clinton & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad. Paid, $1,050. Lot No. 13, W. D. Tyler's expenses to Kentucky, $125. Total amount expended, $84,666.57. "Which said report, being seen and duly considered by the court, is ordered filed. And now comes James B. Gantt and turns over to the court all the bonds, coupons and judgments as per statement in his report, including bonds Nos. 4 and 109, mentioned in lots 10 and 11, also the treasurer's receipt for balance not expended of $1,319.14. It is thereupon ordered by the court that James B. Gantt be fully released from further responsibility as agent ot Henry County in the matter aforesaid. It is further ordered by the court that the bonds, coupons, and judgments, aforesaid, and all other papers in the matter, be filed in the office of the clerk of this court, and that said bonds and coupons be and are hereby cancelled in the presence of the court, by writing the 280 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. word " cancelled," date, etc., across the face or the signatures on the bonds with red ink. " It is ordered by the court that a warrant be drawn on the sinking fund for the sum of $400, payable to James B. Gantt for legal services on behalf of county per account, this day allowed and filed." This report was made to the county court and entered of record December 8, 1880. A TAX LEVY. The petition for an assessment made before Judge Gantt and before referred to was made May 16, 1881. There was no particular amount of levy mentioned, but enough to cover the amount of the judgments and costs of the suits. The order was granted May 17, 188 1, and the levy was made and $1,087.68 of the amount paid February 10, 1882. There were seven of these judgments, for which the order granting the levy referred. As it was found next to impossible to secure many more of the bonds at a heavy discount and the costs of a suit were expensive, one more effort was made to compromise the debts. The people at last began to realize that it was but to settle the debt and take a breathing spell. The strain had been going on for three or four years. .A propo- sition to fund the debt at seventy-five cents on the dollar was offered to vote upon, and the county court called a special election June 26, 1882, to test the feelings of the people. The vote was taken and there was a majority of 880 votes in favor of the proposition. In making the order to carry out this affirmative vote the court stated that there was a debt of nearly $700,000 yet to be looked after. The debt was to be paid at seventy-five cents on the dollar, the bonds, coupons and interest to be added together. The new bonds to be 5-2OS, that is, to run twenty years and be redeemable after five years at the option of the county, and to pay interest at six per cent per annum, payable annually instead of semi-annually. As the original debt was $600,000 and it has been running nearly thirteen years on an average, and $450,000 drawing ten per cent, the sum, if none had been paid, would have amounted at this time to over $1,400,000, including the coupons and not counting the interest upon the latter, which is demanded. These new six per cent bonds are payable at the National Bank of Commerce, New York City, and dated July i, 1882. The court at once acted upon the vote of the people, and ordered 200 bonds of $500 each, with coupons attched, and 425 bonds of $i,000 each, with coupons, for the purpose of refunding. William H. Cock was appointed agent to look after the funding process. Mr. Cock, as finan- cial agent, made October 9, 1882, the following report of his work: HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 28l SETTLEMENTS. No. I — Catherine Stark. Old bonds, $1,766.71, at 75 cents, new bonds $ 1,325 03 Exchanged i bond $ i,0O0 00 Cash for balance 325 03 No. 2 — Grant & Grant, Davenport, Iowa. Old bonds, $59,088.03, at 75 cents, new bonds $44,316 02 Net S. U. Church, new bonds 2,63 1 78 $46,947 80 40 bonds, $1,000 $40,000 00 9 bonds, 500 4,500 00 Cash 2,447 80 No. 3— William C. Blair. Old bonds $24,008, at 75 cents, new bonds $18,006 00 18 bonds, $1,000 $18,00 000 Cash 6 00 No. 4 — John A. Humes. Old bonds, $2,409.00, at 75 cents, new bonds $ 1,806 75 Mr. Humes paid in cash 193 25 $ 2,000 oo 2 bonds, $ 1 ,000 $2,000 00 No. 5— J. G. Fox, Easton, Pa. Old bonds, $3,785, at 75 cents, new bonds $ 2,841 25, 2 bonds, $1,000 $2,000 00 I bond, 500 500 00 Cash paid 341 25 September 21. No. 6— Albert Parker, judgments. Old bonds, $57,516.87, at 75 cents, new bonds $43-137 65 Add cost of judgment 35^ 73 Cash paid by Mr. Parker 3 62 $43,500 00 43 bonds, $ 1 ,000 $43,000 00 I bond 500 500 00 August 17. No. 7 — John B. Henderson, in part. Old bonds, $29,080.30, at 75 cents, new bonds $21,810 25 Add cost of suits 94 47 Cash paid by John B. Henderson 95 28 $22,000 00 22 bonds, $1,000 $22,000 00 282 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. No 8. — Wernes & Dickinson — Old bonds, $2,049.50 at 75 cents, new bonds $1,537 '3 Commission allowed '. 12 50 $ 1.549 63 I bond $ 1 ,000 00 I bond 500 00 Cash 49 63 August 31st. No. 9 — Mrs. H. D. Warner, by attorney — Old coupons. $69.50 at 75 cents $ 52 13 Cash $ 52 13 September ist. No. 10— H. S. Mills, Kansas City- Old bonds, $797.50 at 75 cents, new bonds 598 13 1 bond $ 500 00 Cash 98 13 August i8th. No. II — Mrs. Albert Blackweison, by attorney — Old bonds, $3,643 at 75 cents, new bonds 2,732 25 2 bonds $1,000 $2,000 00 1 bond 500 00 Cash 232 25 September ist. No. 12 — Mrs. A. F. Smith, by attorney — Old bonds, $3,643 at 75 cents, new bonds 2,732 25 2 bonds $1,000 $2,000 00 1 bond 500 00 Cash 232 25 August 19th. No. 13 — Brick Jones, Esq — Old bonds, $3,504 at 75 cents, new bonds 2,628 00 2 bonds $1,000 $2,000 00 1 bond 500 00 Cash 1 28 00 August 2 1st. No. 14 — H. O. Warren, New Milford, Conn., by attorney — Old bonds, $3,643 at 75 cents, new bonds 2,732 25 2 bonds $1,000 $2,000 00 1 bond 500 00 Cash 232 25 August 19th. No. 15 — Mrs. A. F. Smith, by attorney — Old bonds, $3,643 at 75 cents, new bonds 2,732 25 2 bonds $ 1 ,000 $2,000 00 I bond 500 00 Cash 232 25 August 19th. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 283 No. 16 — E. B. Marsh, by attorney — Old bonds, $3,643 at 75 cents, new bonds 2,732 25 2 bonds $ 1 ,000 $2,000 00 1 bond 500 00 Cash 232 25 August 19th. No. 17 — J. B. Owsley, by attorney — Old bonds, $3,643 at 75 cents, new bonds 2,732 25 2 bonds $ 1 ,000 $2,000 00 I bond 500 00 Cash 23225 August 17th. No. 18 — Lee Hayden — Old bonds, $1 1,194 at 75 cents, new bonds 8,395 50 8 bonds $1,000 $8,000 00 Cash 395 50 August 17th. No. 19 — John Baughman — Old bonds, $1,821.50 at 75 cents, new bonds 1,366 13 I bond $1,000 00 Cash 366 13 August 17th. No. 20 — J. S. Owsley — Old bonds, $5,464.50 at 75 cents, new bonds 4,098 38 4 bonds $1,000 $4,000 00 Cash 98 38 August 17th. No. 21 — L. P. Nelson, by attorney — Old bonds, $6,300 at 75 cents, new bonds 4.725 00 4 bonds $1,000 : $4,000 OO I bond 500 00 Cash 225 00 September 2d. No. 22- — John B. Henderson (in part) — Old bonds, $12,264.00 at 75 cents, new bonds 9,198 00 9 bonds, $ 1 ,000 $9,000 00 Cash 198 00 August 14th. No. 23— William AuU— Old bonds, $2,360.50 at75 cents, new bonds ^^77'^ ^o I bond $ 1 ,000 00 I bond 500 00 Cash 270 40 August 24th. 284 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. No. 24 — H. V. Loring — Old bonds, $1 1,402.50 at 75 cents, new bonds 8,55 i 88 8 bonds, $ i ,000 $8,000 00 I bond 500 00 Cash ■ 51 88 August 14th. No. 25 — Anthony McElroy, Springfield, Missouri — Old bonds, $5,256.00 at 75 cents, new bonds 3,Q42 00 3 bonds, $ 1 ,000 $3,000 00 1 bond 500 00 Cash 442 00 August 14th. No. 26 — Samuel Spaulding — Old bonds, $3,504.00 at 75 cents, new bonds 2,628 00 2 bonds, $ 1 ,000 $2,000 00 I bond 500 00 Cash ! 128 00 August 14th. No. 27— H. S. Wethers, Stanford, Kentucky- Old bonds, $1,752 at 75 cents, new bonds loH 00 I bond $ 1 ,000 00 Cash 314 00 August 14th. No. 28— Albert Parker- Old bonds, $4,884.00 at 75 cents, new bonds 3,663 00 3 bonds, $1,000 $3,000 00 I bond s 500 00 Cash 1 63 00 August 14th. In these settlements the bonded debt had been reduced as follows: Total cash paid out in exchange $7,627 64 Cash received in exchange from Nos. 4, 6 and 7 292 15 Bonded debt reduced $7,335 49 For the above net reduction warrants were drawn, one September 4, 1882, for $3,000 and on October 9 one for $4,180.86 and one for $1,319.14, or a total of $8,000, to pay said exchange in favor of W. S. Little & Co., St. Louis. The difference of $664.51 was not accounted for in the above settlement and it probably went for commissions. Up to October 9, 1882, as per statement above, the old debt had been reduced and new bonds issued, as below: One hundred and eighty-six new six per cent bonds, $1,000 each, issued in exchange for old $186,000 00 Twenty-five new six per cent bonds, $500 each 12,500 00 Amount new bonded debt, October 9, 1882 $198,500 00 Add cash reduction 7,335 49 $205,835 49 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 285 The amount paid out in the reduction of the old debt under the compromise. Previous to the compromise the old debt had been reduced to a con- siderable extent by the purchase at difterent times of the railroad bonds at a large discount and by the payment of interest coupons sometimes at their face value, and again at a discount. As far as the records show this discount or payment of the old debt has been about as follows, not all of the amounts being given, but the amount of cash paid for them: The Nicolay judgment paid, net . $25,000 00 Portsmouth Savings Bank, net 4.564 90 John B. Henderson, net ^,^77 30 Paid M. A. F\^ke as attorney, including the Dunning farm pur- chase (these at par) 4.703 30 Paid on seven judgments, levy made to pay them 1,087 68 $42,033 18 This amount was paid at face value of the bonds and coupons and reduced the debt just that amount, less some cost added, the full pound of flesh being demanded. THE DISCONTINUED BONDS. There were quite a number of bonds and coupons redeemed, and while the sum paid out is found of record, the total amount of the pur- chase was not made of entry. For instance, Charles B. Wilson expended $11,946.80 in cash in the purchase of coupons and bonds. He gave the number of the coupons and bonds and his account was correct, but there were so many of them and of different dates that it was a good job to figure them up. Again an entry was made that two bonds were purchased for $700 and five were purchased for $2,050. These were $1,000 bonds but how many coupons were attached, if any, was not stated. The purchases showed a pretty good bargain, one being at about 30 per cent and the five at a trifle over 40 per cent, the over-plus, probably, being commission on purchase. However, the reduction of the debt can be got at pretty close. It is given below: Forty-five bonds, of $1,000 each, bought for $18,058 10 Two bonds, of $1,000 each, bought for 700 00 Five bonds, of $1,000 each, bought for 2,050 00 Twenty-nine bonds, C. B. Wilson at a little over forty-one cents on the dollar 1 1,946 80 Making eighty-one bonds, costing $32,754 90 Sale of Missouri, Kansas & Texas stock invested $84,666.57, reduced the debt $183,301.77, but of this $117,000 only were bonds, the 286 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. remainder being coupons, judgments and costs. So from these pur- chases we have a reduction of the principal, that is in bonds of $169,000, besides the bonds purchased by Mr. Wilson, say a full reduction of $180,000 of the principal; the balance being paid in coupons or interest. The county court have in new six per bonds $525,000. This it is hoped will be sufficient to redeem the old bonds and cou- pons at the compromise rate of 75 cents on the dollar. ^VHAT IT COST. The total expense to the people of Henry County in this railway business, and for the present railroad facilities enjoyed by them, is here given and itemized. There is no disputing the figures, for they are of record, but probably few of the citizens of the county were aware of the fact, and the people will here see just what they have paid. Amount paid Missouri Pacific Railroad, 1852 $ 5,000 00 Cost and interest 2,400 00 Interest on $150,000, 7 per cent, bonds, 1867, 8 years, then defaulted 84,500 00 Interest on $450,000, 10 per cent, bonds, 1870-71, 4 years. 180,000 00 Paid judgments, cost and interest 42,033 18 Paid purchase of bonds and coupons 32,754 80 Paid cash in exchange " 8 000 00 Paid attorney fees, say 10,000 00 New issue 6 per cent, bonds 525,000 00 So far the debt foots up $ 889, 197 98 Before these bonds can be redeemed, 5 years interest must be paid, at $31,500 per year 157,500 00 $1,046,697 98 For this sum the people have a railroad 37 4-100 miles long, which is all they will ever get for this money. This is in round numbers, $28,- 000 and a little over per mile, and notwithstanding they must pay this sum, they are in the same position Satan was when he took a certain person up into a high mountain, and offered him all the world, etc., and the poor d — 1 didn't own a foot of it. No mention is made of $183,000 and odd, paid by Judges Gantt and H. W. Salmon, as the amount so paid was paid by sale of stock. The further exchange of bonds will be chron- icled as made up to the closing of this history. CHAPTER XIX. INVESTIGATION— A REPORT— A CONFESSION. A RFXORD OF CRIME, BRIBERY, MIDNIGHT DELIVERY OF BONDS— HOW IT WAS DONE- ACCOUNTS RENDERED— INVESTIGATION— THE REPORT— WHERE THE MONEY WENT TO— EXCEPTING $180,000— THE ENGINEER'S CONFESSION. HOW IT WAS DONE. One of the peculiar phases of this railroad bond business, was the persistent attack made upon those gentlemen who were engaged in an honest attempt to build the Kansas City, Springfield, and Memphis Railroad, by the manager of these branch roads, whose principal endeavor has since been proved, to a great extent, was to get hold of the people's bonds and pocket the proceeds. In this connection is given a couple of articles from the Clinton Advocate, whose editor at that time was chief fugleman of the LaDue's, and others. While, no doubt,, honest in his opinion and belief, he had no ground for the course that he pursued, of slander and abuse. He lived to see and know that he had been simply a dupe or tool — an instrument of designing men, and and like them left for other climes, and whose absence has not in any way been a detriment to the good people of Henry County. The fol- lowing is only a sample of many characteristic articles which deluged the people from week to week, until the grand scheme of plunder had been consummated, and the natural enquiry was made by the county court, "What has become of those bondsi'" Well, tie bonds have been found, but who got the money, while pretty well understood, is not a question that some care to agitate. The Railroad Bond Swindle, so called, of Henry County, stands out prominently and alone, as the only rascally and fraudulent transaction in her history, but it was sufficiently large and of a character that the people are willing to rest there, and that those who have left for north- ern or southern climes, are welcome to remain in their new homes. SOME HISTORY. The paper containing this article was dated December 8th, 1870, and reads: 288 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. "Never in the history of railroads in Henry County has one been brought up to a point where the people can see what is to be in so short a space of time as the one we now write of The so called Kansas City & Memphis road made a power of noise in this community. Its prime movers, Richardson, Williams and Ferred, made a great amount of fuss in Henry County, but their component parts were all gas, and our argus eyed railroad men soon discovered the facts, and they put on foot an organization that meant business. Not a year ago the Clinton & Mem- phis and Clinton & Kansas City branches of the Tebo & Neosho Rail- road were formed, and to-day the bonds of Henry and St. Clair Counties have been sold in sufficient quantities to put the road under contract, (not built) southward. A large force will be put on the work east of Clinton next Monday by Mr. Colt, the successful and worthy contractor. The construction committees of these roads have worked faithfully and honestly since their election, and the result now shows for itself. Much more could be said about this road, but for the present it is enough to know the work will commence in good earnest next Monday morning. Much praise is due to D. C. Stone, A. D. Ladue, P. A. Ladue, Judge R. C. McBeth, Waldo P. Johnson and R. S. Graham, for the faithful manner in which they have put this important road in proper shape. Come to the dirt breaking next Monday morning, and let us all rejoice over the success that awaits us in the future, when we are joined with iron bands to the City of Memphis in the State of Tennessee." The above was followed by another article, headed: "The prayer of Clintonians has been. Oh, Lord! give us three rail- roads; just three, if no more; Amen. Come to the dirt breaking next Monday and see the beginning of the end. The progress has not been in vain. We have one railroad and two more certain. Hurrah for Clin- ton, hurrah for everybody! The 'Model Town' is hindmost to nobody." The Advocate, then owned and edited by Will H. Lawrence, was full of just such rodomontade from week to week, and as it was the lead- ing paper in the county at that time, it was no wonder the people were deceived by its constant reiteration. The hollow mockery of this is now plain to be seen, and the fact that these "argus-eyed railroad men meant business" is painfully apparent and has been for years to every taxpayer of Henry County. \VHEN THE RASCALITY STARTED. At the time that A. P. Ladue went to Jefferson City to recover the charters to these branch roads, he met the secretary of the Kansas City & Memphis Railroad. Mr. Ladue informed the secretary what he was there for, which was already known, and stated to the aforesaid secretary that if the Kansas City & Memphis Railroad Company would give him five per cent, commission on subscription and make him agent he would forego his purpose of getting these branch charters. The offer was •declined by the secretary for two reasons: first, that he had not the authority of his board of directors, and, second, that a commission of HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 289 two and one-half per cent, was sufficient, and was so stated, but would not be accepted. The charters were secured and then commenced the work of destroying the Kansas City, Springfield & Memphis Company, and in that work he had the help of parties in Kansas City who, like Ladue "was on the make," road or no road. Twelve years have passed, and through the machinations of these men, life has been sacrificed, a million of dollars and over sunk, and with the exception that the prime movers of this great fraud are dead or have left the country, the people have no recourse and no consolation. But the bitter reality is stamped upon their memory once a year, as the tax gatherer makes his annual round. Many other articles, false in their character, in regard to these roads, and slanderous against the members of the first named road, were pub- lished, but there came a change. Those who were reviled stand out with characters unblemished, while those who instigated the slanderous charges are not now thought worthy of notice, and the county that once knew them, knows them no more. With one more article from the Advocate, whose editor acknowledged that he had been duped, and with a couple of extracts from the Kansas City Times, this report closes. It has been the writer's aim to give facts and figures, and naught set down in malice, and it is an unvarnished tale of a great wrong, which will serve as a warning for all time to the people of Henry County. KANSAS CITY & MEMPHIS RAILROAD. From the Clinton Advocate, May 14, 1874. Jackson County, thinking the suit brought by Donnell & Lawson, the bankers and holders of the Jackson County bonds, of this road in New York City, were in a close place when suits had been brought against them in the superior court of New York, sent Colonel S. Wood- son (not Silas) to New York, to do the best he could in the premises. He represents, after an absence of two weeks, that he interviewed the above bankers, counted the bonds, and found there were three suits in the courts there, on attachment against this road, and that a writ of attachment in each case had been levied on these bonds in the hands of Donnell, Lawson & Co. He obtained an order restraining any one from attaching these bonds and having them declared bonds of Jackson County. He thinks the bonds and proceeds of such as have been sold and remain on hand, are safe from the proceedings now pending in the courts, and must remain so until the gradation and masonry are com- pleted from Kansas City to Harrisonville. Having been an old friend of this road from its inception, we confess that now our confidence is shaken when we read the itemized bill brought back from New York by Mr. Woodson: 19 290 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. William F. Chittenden vs. the Kansas City & Memphis Railroad Company. Complaint on two warrants, viz: No. 165, dated June 28, 1873, to Amos Green, attorney for James Lullis & Co., $3,000; No. 221, dated January 3, 1874, to John Polk, $500. Complaint on two warrants, viz: No. 155, dated March 20, 1873, to J. E. Marsh, $1,200; No. 158, dated March 20, 1873, to John W. Polk for $100. Complaint on two warrants, viz: No. 150. dated March 20, 1873, to R. C. McBeth for $5,000; No. 226, dated January 29, 1874, to R. C. McBeth for $1,500. All drawn by R. T. Van Horn, president. John D. Stickland vs. the Kansas City, Memphis & Mobile Railroad Company. Complaint on fourteen warrants: No. 142, dated August 3, 1872, to S. W. Caldwell for $588.60. No. 143, dated September 17, 1872, to S. W. Caldwell for $1,307.88. No. 150, dated November 19, 1872, to S. W. Caldwell for $1,379.03. No. 157, dated March 20, 1873, to R. T. VanHorn for $5,000. No. 163, dated June 12, 1873, to P. A. LaDue for $1,550. No. 220, dated December 16, 1873, to W. Freeman for $789.65. No. 281, dated February 10, to R. T. VanHorn for $5,000. No. 162. dated February 10, 1874, to A. D. LaDue for $4 389.46. No. 233, dated February 10, 1874, to James Corington for $6/],.So. No. 234, dated February 10, 1874, to Henry L. Ladue for $595. 90. No. 235, dated February 10, 1874, to A. D. LaDue for $5,600. No 196, dated February 10, 1874, to Claud LaDue for $595.50. No. 137, dated February lO, 1874, to W. R. Freeman for $316.66. No. 239, dated February 10, 1874, to Henry L. LaDue for $105. KANSAS CITY & MEMPHIS RAILROAD. The Kansas City Times, speaking of'the troubles, says, in its issue of August 9, 1875, that, " It is not our purpose to attack or defend any- body in this connection, nor to shield any wrong doer from a just respon- sibility. But we do want the exact status of the road placed in a clear light before the people, so the discussion as to what can or shall be done may be relieved of all the rubbish of personal bickerings and idle wranglings about mismanagement and maladministration in the past. We have had enough of that. Doubtless if there had been less of it, the cars would have been running on the road by this time. No sooner was the enterprise begun than it was attacked with suits, and harassed with all sorts of contentions and gouges. If we must go back and fight all those old battles over again, the road bed will be washed away, the the county subscriptions to the amount of $1,050,000 will be lost forever, before we can get ready to take up the enterprise where it stands to-day. Let us take right hold here without further delay. Jackson, Cass, Henry and St. Clair own an unfinished railroad which has cost them $1,050,000, and which, as now managed, is not progress- HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 291 ing, but going" to destruction, and still costing them fifteen or twenty thousand dollars yearly in salaries to nominal officers of a- railroad com- pany which is doing nothing. What is the use of paying $5,000 a year each to presidents, superintendents, etc., for doing nothing.-' If the enterprise is dead, why not stop the cost of pretending that it is alive .^ Is it dead, or is only sleeping under the incubus of an unfortunate, inca- pable or suspected and bottled up management.''" MEMPHIS RAILROAD AGAIN. The Advocate, in its issue of August lOth says of the bill here appended: " The question is, shall the whole enterprise be sacrificed because the gentlemen are not paid.' Shall the counties lose the million dollars already invested and pay out a million and a half more in interest with- out realizing any benefits, because the officers of the company claim it is owing them a few thousand dollars.' That will be an impossibilit}- for the present management to resurrect the enterprise, we believe it to be a foregone conclusion in the minds of the people. In nearly all the counties a spirit of interest is being awakened, and the sine qua non as everywhere expressed is that there be a change in officers. The gen- tlemen interested know this as well as anyone, and there is no need of their trying to conceal the fact. How much wiser then would it be for them to meet these counties half way, to propose some basis of settle- ment, and to join with all good citizens and tax payers iu rescuing the road from total loss, and, if possible, to secure its completion. They are jointly interested in having it built, and should forego some personal considerations to see that accomplished." GETTING AT THE MARROW. Thus far our history of this railroad business has principally been con- fined to" the records found in Henry County, but a betrayed people started a more thorough investigation, commencing at Kansas Cit}^ and following the action of the company as far as Osceola. The following article is taken from the Clinton Democrat of December 23, 1875, head- lines and all; it being the report of the committee of investigation of Jackson County: MEMPHIS AND MOBILE RAI1.ROAD — REPORT OF THE COxMMITTEE APPOINTED TO INVESTIGATE UPON THE MATTERS OF THE SUB- SCRIPTION OF THIS COMPANY — THE COMMITTEE RECOMMEND AN APPLICATION FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF A RECEIVER. To the County Court of Jackson County: Gentlemen: — Your committee appointed by order, dated August 5, 1875, to investigate and report upon the matter of the subscription of this county, to the Memphis & Mobile Railroad Company, and the pres- ent condition of the affairs of said company, report as follows: 292 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. That we called upon the superintendent of the company, Mr. A. D. Ladue, to examine the records, books and papers of the corporation, and made as full an examination as we thought necessary. Our exami- nation was directed mainly to the following objects of inquiry: First. The amount of stock issued by the company and the pro- ceeds thereof. Second. The disposition made by the directors of the proceeds of the stock subscriptions. Third. The assets and liabilities of the corporation at the present time. Fourth. The character of the past management of the road in res- pect to its faith and ability, and the possibility and utility of securing a change of the management in the interest of the bona fide stockholders. So far as we were able to examine them, the record, books and papers of the company give no sufficient history of its actual transac- tions. In the matter of stock, it appears that stock to a large amount, has been voted and issued for which there appears to be no regular sub- scription. The company was organized under the general law of the state, which required a bona fide subscription of $1,000 per mile of the pro- posed road, five per cent of which should have been paid in cash as the basis of the organization. It was required that the actual payment of this five per cent should be certified by three of the proposed company. This corporation was organized upon the basis of the following sub- scriptions: P. A. LaDue $ 10,000 R. C. McBeth 10,000 A. D. LaDue • 1 0,000 W. D. Meade 10,000 T. H. Mastin 10,000 A. L. Harris 10,000 R. B. Higgins 10,000 D. C. Stone ,,. . 10.000 G. Y. Salmon 10,000 Waldo P. Johnson 10,000 R. T. Van Horn 10,000 J. W. Polk 10,000 I. D. Hines 10,000 J. W. Reid 5,000- Total $135,000 Three of the directors certified to the above subscription, and rhe payment of 5 per cent, thereof in cash, under oath. The books of the company do not show that one dollar in cash was evej received by the company, either of the 5 per cent, or any of the balance of the subscription. The stock was issued and some months afterwards returned and cancelled, and afterward again reissued in payment of pretended ser- vices of the incorporators, and is now outstanding. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 293 R. O. Boggess, upon becoming a director, received $10,000 worth of stock, for which nothing was ever paid. In 1875 one million dollars of stock of the company was issued to W. G. Ford, for which, so far as the books show, or we could learn from the superintendent by inquiring, nothing whatever was paid. All the above issues of stock appear to us to have been fraudulent, and that the issuing thereof renders them liable to severe penalties under our laws. The bona fide subscriptions are the following: Jackson County $ 300,000 Cass County , 300,000 Henry County 200,000 St. Clair County 250,000 Total $1,050,000 The above were transferred from the Clinton & Kansas City branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company and were paid for in county bonds. The books of the company show vouchers issued to the amount of $869,952.69. The proceeds of the county bonds subscribed, as near as we can learn, are $840,000, to which add $145,000 original subscrip- tions, included in the whole amount of vouchers issued and not paid, total $985,000, leaving a deficit of expenditures less than receipts of $115,047.31. These vouchers and the books and papers fail to show the nature of large amounts of expenditures they represent, and in some instances there appears to be large monetary transactions for which no satisfac- tory explanation can be arrived at from an inspection either of the vouchers or the books. For instance, Mr. John W. Polk, one of the directors, seems to have handled $iO,coo in Jackson County, for which there is no separate voucher and no account whatever of the disposition of the same. It appears that Mr. H. M. Holden stands charged on the books of said company as having received and paid in full the sum of $76,000, and, strange to say, when called upon for an inspection of books, papers, etc., as former treasurer of the company, he stated positively that he had nothing whatever to do with any money transactions of the company; that he neither received nor paid out as treasurer of said company any sum of money whatever. This money spent in Jackson County is very indefinite. Item. Vouchers Nos. 13 and 14, for $6,000, to J. J. Mastin & Co. for con- tingent expenses. Vouchers Nos. 46, 47 and 49, for $28,000, to J. J. Mastin & Co. for contingent expenses. These vouchers, Mr. M. states, were drawn to balance various over- drawn accounts at the Mastin Bank. Voucher No. 35, for $6,500, to Mr. J. T. Crisp for contingent expenses. *We have been unable to see Mr. Crisp and, consequently, can form no idea as to the purpose for which this money was applied. It appears from the report of the committee of citizens and engi- neers appointed by the Jackson County Court to examine and report 294 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. the amount of work done in Jackson County by the various contractors along the line of the road that in the list of vouchers issued on account of construction, there has been allowed to various contractors large amounts in excess of the original contract price, and in the aggre- gate amounting to about $77, ooomore than the}% the contractors, agreed to do for originally. We deem it unnecessary to itemize the vouchers issued for contin- gent expenses in the other counties, though it may be said that it amounts to a very large sum. It does appear, however, that of the proceeds of the county bonds, the following sums were paid: For engineering expenses. . $40,027 35 For construction 480,938 83 For salaries and officers' contingent expenses 200,1^0 00 For right of way 53,022 43 For tie and timber account 34.109 18 Copies of these vouchers were taken and are in the hands of the committee. The assets of the company consist of the right of way and road bed so far as constructed, ties, the uncollected subscriptions and the Soden bond. This bond was given by the Soden Brothers upon their settlement with the Jackson County Court and the company for work done. In consideration of settlement and payment for the work done by them, they agreed to complete the road to Harrisonville, in Cass County, and gave bond in the sum of $100,000 for the completion of the same. The}' have not fulfilled the obligations of said bond, but whether a recovery can be had thereon is a question that this committee does not attempt to decide. The liabilities, so far as we can learn of any, are embraced in the following judgments : H. Hale, for $16,430 (Sj J; mes Campbell, for 2,490 3 1 Soden Brothers, for 6,2 1 5 36 W. T. Thornton 4.484 44 Total $29,520 78 Upon these judgments executions have been issued and are now in the hands of the sheriffs of Jackson and Henry Counties, who have levied upon the road-bed, ties, etc., and will at an early day sell the same unless some steps are taken to prevent the sale thereof. We have have been informed by Superintendent LaDue that several of the above judgments are fraudulent, in this, that the claims upon which they are founded have long since been paid, and at the time of their rendition nothing was due the parties obtaining them. It may be proper to mention in the number of liabilities, that $2,000,000 in first mortgage bonds have been issued, and are now in the hands of the Land Grant and Trust Company, of New York, for sale or hypothecation, as may to the directors seem advisable. It appears from the books that Mr. Holden, as treasurer of the company, was directed to have said bonds prepared, with his fac simile qx\^x2.\qA upon the cou- pons thereof, and authorized to select agents for the sale of same, not to HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 295 exceed the sum of $20,000 per mile. What action, if any, in the prem- ises, he took, we have failed to ascertain. Our information as to the amounts issued, and where placed, was obtained from Mr. A. D. LaDue. In conclusion, your committee state that the inevitable result of their investigations is, that the stock of the company has been fraudu- lently issued and manipulated, to suit the private purposes of the man- agers and that the funds of the company have been grossly misapplied to fraudulent purposes, and wasted in extravagant payments made to contractors and others. It is only necessary to refer to the amount of expenditures for salaries and contingent expenses, as compared with the amount expended on the road, to show this. It could not have been a wise or judicious management that thus disposed of them. We are advised that under the circumstances the present directory are liable to removal at the instance of the stockholders, and that a receiver may be appointed, whose business it will be to collect the unpaid subscriptions and recover moneys fraudulently misapplied, and out of them pay the existing debts so far as such debts are justly due, and if any of them are not due, and the judgments prove to be fraudulent or obtained by collusion, that proper steps may be taken to vacate them. That thus the road bed and right of way may be saved from sacri- fice until such time as the reviving energies of the country and the demands for intercourse with the section through which this road passes and with which it connects, shall render possible the further prosecution of the work. Or if the other assets of the road prove insufficient to pay its just debts and it is necessary to sell the road for their payment, that it may be sold in a manner most favorable to the interests of the real stockholders, the counties that have subscribed and paid for the stock. A sale by a receiver might be so managed, as to time and manner, as to insure the best price and a purchaser by those who will be likely to complete the road. We, therefore, recommend that this county alone, or in connection with other bona fide stockholders cause an application to be made for the appointment of a receiver. J. B. YAGER, A. M. ALLEN, W. A. BROUGHAM, Committee. This report was a sort of astonisher to most of those connected with the matter. The papers were asked not to publish the report, and some did not, but a few did, and thus this history is made more complete. The committee, however, still investigated, it seems, and again is found a report, and this time, of a large expenditure of money, with "^^ peculiar item of " Contingent Expenses," being fearfully often. From the Henry Counly Democrat, of January 20, 1876. THE iMEMPHIS RAILROAD SWINDLE— T^VO HUNDRED AND NINETY-ONE ITEMS — THE MEN WHO GOT THE MONEY, AND HOW MUCH EACH. The following are the recorded expenditures of the Memphis Rail- road Company, as taken by the county court committee of Jackson 296 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. County, from the stubs of its warrant books. We find the items pub- lished in the Independence Sentinel. We also learn from another source, that in addition to the expenditures here given, additional warrants to the amount of one hundred and eighty thousand dollars were issued, for which the books show no account whatever. Not even so much as "contingent" expenses. Read the items and do your own thinking : Peter Soden & Bro., contractors, Sept. 21, 1871, $30,544 00 Thomas Corrigan & Bro., contractors, September 20, 1 871 ... . 48,212 21 H. Hale, contractor, September 20, 187 1 1,442 25 James Lillis & Co., contractors 7, 1 5 i 99 Hicks, ties, September 20, 1871 1,039 5^ P. A. Ladue, contingent expenses, September 20 700 00 Church Bell, right of way, September 20, 187 1 250 00 J. M. Hughes, right of way, September 21, 1871 200 00 G. S. Hedges, right of way, September, 21, 1871 . 200 00 B. F. Robinson, right of way, September 21, 1871 200 00 J. W. Polk, right of way, September 21, 1871 472 90 J. J. Mastin & Co., engineering, September 21, 1871 8,080 00 J. J. Mastin & Co., contingent expenses, September 21, 1871 . . 3,000 00 J. J. Mastin & Co., contingent expenses, September 21, 1871.. 3,000 00 Levison & Blythe, contingent expenses, September 23, 1871 . 29 70 Henry County Democrat, printing, December 7, 187 1 20 00 G. W Salmon, right of way, October 10, 1871 5,000 00 E. DeWolf, office rent, October 16, 187 1 12 00 J. B. Colt, construction, October 16, 1871 13,522 89 H. Hale, construction, October 16, 1871 1 1,139 49 F. McCabe, construction, Oct. 16, 1871 5,840 96 B. L. Owen, tie and timber account, Oct. 16, 187 1 8,169 40 Pay roll, engineering account, Oct. 16, 1871 630 00 Foote & Heller, engineering, Oct. 16, 1871 I5 7o W. D. Lee, right of way, Oct. 16, 1871 150 00 Western Union Telegraph, contingent expenses, Oct. 16, 1871 23 53 D. C. Stone, contingent, Oct. 17, 1871 1 13 00 Frank McCabe, construction, Oct. 18, 1871 2,626 16 Bellmyer & Small's rolling stock account, Oct. 18, 1871 2,428 30 James Munson, right of way, Oct. 18, 187 1 150 00 W. H. Lawrence, contingent expense account, Oct. 18, 1871 . . 350 00 Suavely, engineering, Oct. 18, 1871 5 35 Roberts & Brice, engineering, Oct. 18, 1871 300 68 Pay roll. Pinks party, engineering, Nov. 4, 1871 325 00 John T. Crisp, contingent, Nov. 4, 1871 6,500 00 E. A. Cutler, pay roll, engineering, , 1871 793 33 William Miller, engineering, Nov. 15, 1871 171 80 B. L. Owen, tie and timber account,Nov. 15, 1871 18,075 5° B. L. Owen, tie and timber account, Nov. 15, 1871 1,260 00 H. Hale, construction, Nov. 15, 1871 7,327 47 Pay roll, engineering, Nov. 15, 187 1 644 00 A. D. LaDue, engineering, Nov. 16, 1871 116 00 J. J. Mastin & Co., contingent expenses, Nov. 28, 187 1 582 10 J. B. Colt, construction, Nov. 28, 1871 7,874 20 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 297 Haysler & Bro.. engineering, Nov. 28, 1871 $ 12 00 J. J. Mastin & Co., contingent expenses, Nov. 25, 1871 18,305 00 J. J. Mastin & Co., contingent expenses, Nov. 28, 1871 i,355 00 John T. Crisp, contingent expenses, Nov. 28, 1871 200 00 J. J. Mastin & Co., contingent expenses, Nov. 28, 1871 8,740 00 E. R. Hickman, contingent, Nov. 28, 1871 54o 00 J. J. Mastin, interest and exchange, Nov. 28, 1871 1,000 00 Smith & Keating, engineering, Dec. 5, 1871 145 00 John Curtis, engineering, Dec. 9, 187 1 6 93 Salmon & Stone, contingent, Dec. 1 1, 1871 900 00 A. D. LaDue, engineering, Dec. 1 1, 1871 430 00 Roberts Bros., engineering. Dec. 13, 1871 5^ 75 John H. Parks, tie and timber, Dec. 18, 1871 58 58 J. T. Parker, right of way, Dec. 20, 1871 10 00 Jordan & Co., engineering, coal, Dec. 20, 187 1 615 J. R. Cline, right of way, Cass County, Dec. 23, 1871 3.290 00 A. H. Boyles, right of way, Cass County, Dec. 23, 1871 265 00 D. C. Stone, per John Barnhart, right of way, Jan. I, 1872. . . . 325 00 L. J. Ferrell, right of way, Jan. i, 1872 217 50 G. A. Champin, right of way, Jan r, 1872 150 00 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad Company, rolling stock, Jan. I, 1872 452 00 M. Baird & Co., rolling stock, Jan. i, 1872 7,065 00 Third National Bank, bills payable, Jan. i, 1872 15,000 00 P. A. LaDue, contingent, Jan. i, 1872 i,75o 00 W. Nunin & Co., contingent, Jan. i, 1872 41 78 R. & T. A. Ennis, contingent, Jan. i, 1872 4 65 Jackson & Sharp Co., rolling stock, Jan. i, 1872 5,6oo 00 D. C. Stone, contingent, Jan. i, 1872 272 50 R. B. Higgins, contingent, Jan. i, 1872 500 00 G. Y. Salmon, contingent, Jan. i, 1872 500 00 J. W. Polk, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 500 oo Thomas H. Mastin, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 500 00 R. C. McBeth, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 500 00 J. D. Hinds, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 500 00 A. L. Harris, contingent, Jan. 2. 1872 500 00 R. T. VanHorn, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 500 00 W. D. Meade, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 5^0 00 H. W. Salmon, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 912 46 G. \'V, Reed, contingent, Jan. 2, 1&72 250 00 W. P. Johnson, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 500 00 H. W. Salmon, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 6.325 00 A. D. LaDue, contingent, Jan. 2, 1872 500 00 P. A. LaDue, contingent, Jan. 2, 1 872 500 00 P. A. LaDue, contingent, Jan. 2. 1 872 i ,793 49 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Company, rolling stock, Jan. 2, 1872 . 473 00 Engineering pay roll, Jan. 3, 1872 565 3^ F. M. Groff, right of way, Jan. 4, 1872 50 00 James Corington, engineering, Jan. 5, 1872 I7 7° James Lillis & Co., construction, Jan. 8, 1872 75.879 34 James Lillis & Co., construction, Jan. 8, 1872 794 65 H. Hale, construction, Jan. 8, 1872 24,120 35 298 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. H. Hale, construction, Jan. 8, 1872 $ 160 25 J. W. Polk, right of way, Jan. 9, 1872 176 50 J. \V. Polk, contingent, Jan. 9, 1872 780 00 Peter Soden &; Bro., construction, Jan. 12, 1872 31,880 33 W. P. Smith, engineering, Jan. 15, 1872 9.774 8[ Thomas Corrigan, construction Jackson County, Jan. 20, 1872 51.328 71 James Lillis & Co., construction Cass County, June 23, 1872. . 2,084 ^o J. N. Sharp, ties, Feb. 5, 1872 960 00 E. A. Cutter, engineering. Feb. 12, 1872 loo 00 Western Union Telegraph Company, contingent expenses, Feb. 12, 1872 17 89 W. B. Napton, Jr., contingent expenses, Feb. 12, 1872 300 00 J. B. Colt, construction, Feb. 12, 1872 12,354 00 Haysler & Bro., engineering expenses, Feb. 14, 1872 43 7^ J. R. Cline, contingent expenses, Feb. 24, 1872 3,000 00 C. Hurst, right of way, Feb. 24, 1872 10 00 Russel Hicks, tie and timber account, March i, 1872 2,000 00 Western Union Telegraph Company, contingent expenses, March i, 1872 23 18 W. D. Mead, contingent expenses, March i, 1872 1,000 00 M. B. Stewart, engineering, March r, 1872 32 25 Thomas Hensley, engineering, March i, 1872 ij 45 Robert Allen, contingent account board of James MuUaday, April I, 1872 20 00 W. L. Shankland, right of way, April 16, 1872 10 00 Western Union Telegraph Company, contingent expenses, April 16, 1872 9 14 Third National Bank, interest and discount, April 16, 1872. . . 798 25 John J. Mastin & Co., interest and discount, April 16, 1872. . . 126 00 J. J. Mastin & Co., interest and discount, April 16, 1872 4.165 00 J. J. Mastin & Co., engineering expenses, April 16, 1872. ... 36 27 J. J. Mastin & Co., contingent expenses, April 16, 1872 475 54 Thomas H. Mastin, contingent expenses, April 16, 1872 2,875 o^ James Lillis & Co., construction, April 25, 1872 7.879 58 M. Baird & Co., rolling stock. May 16, 1872 7.535 00 James Abernathy, contingent expenses, May 6, 1872 41 25 Western Union Telegraph Company, contingent expenses. May 6, 1 872 9 79 J. N. Ramsey, contingent expenses. May 6, 1872 25 00 Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad Company, rolling stock, May 6, 1872 312 05 G. Y. Salmon, contingent expenses. May 6, 1872 200 00 J. B. Colt, construction, May 4, 1872 41 25 Charles Griswold, engineer, May 7, 1872. 1,650 00 W. P. Mead, contingent account, Maj' 7, 1872 250 00 R. C. McBeth, contingent expenses. May 7, 1872 2,000 00 Notford, contingent expenses, May 7, 1872 143 59 William Connor, right of way. May 7, 1872 75 00 James Corington, contingent, May 7, 1872 7 5o Charles Griswold, engineer's expenses for Mayand June, 1872, 420 00 G. W. Caldwell, grading in St. Clair County, May and June, 1872 ^ 3,068 10 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 299 W. C. Meade, recording of deeds and right of way. May, 15, 1872 $ 89 00 S. W. Caldwell, gradation in St. Clair County, July 18, 1872. . 588 60 S. W. Caldwell, work in St. Clair County, August, 1872 1.307 88 C. Griswold, engineering, July and August, 1872 480 53 Stationery and printing, November 1872 I5 25 J. E. Marsh, salary expense account, four months, November 7, 1872 1,738 66 Matt W. Foster & Co., stationery and printing, November 7, 1872 ^6 12 G. S. Case, contingent, November 7, 1872 240 00 Keevil & Turner, contingent, November 7, 1872 75 00 T. VV. Caldwell, work as shown by estimate for percentage, November 19, 1872 1-379 14 T. W. Caldwell, balance due him on estimate under Hale con- tingent account, November 19, 1873 694 04 H. Case, office rent, March 20, 1873 140 00 Bullene & Co., contingent, March 20, 1873 60 00 A. V. Van Epps, Hale contract, March 20, 1873 64 72 J. E. Marsh, expenses and salary, March 20, 1873 1,200 00 A. S. Stewart & Co., H. Hale contract, March, 1873 10 54 R. T. Van Horn, salary, March 20, 1873 5,000 00 J. W. Polk, expenses. March 20, 1873 loo 00 R. C. McBeth, attorney, March 20, 1873 5,000 00 VV. C. Meade, secretary, March 20, 1873 2,000 00 H. M. Holden, expenses, March 20, 1873 150 00 Cavanaugh, second class masonry, in part payments of war- rants Nos. 96 and 97, March 20, '73 2,1 17 07 P. A. LaDue, contingent, June 12, 1873 45 50 Wallace Laws, right of way, June 26, 1873 157 15 Amos Green, attorney construction, June 28, 1873 3,000 00 Charles McKenna, construction .=.econd class masonry, August 15. 1873 838 50 Philip Conroy, right of way, August 23, 1873 500 00 Ben Anderson, right of way, August 25, 1873 89 00 R. Floury, right of way, August 25, 1873 275 00 Wyatt Webb, right of way, August 25, 1873 550 00 S. H. McLaughlin, right of way, August 25, 1873 180 00 W. P. Martin, right of way, August 26, 1873 50 00 Edward West, right of way, August 2/^, 1873 400 00 Oliver Cale & Co., right of way, August 27, 1873 300 oa Nancy Davis, right of way, August 27, 1873 75 00 John Selt. right of way, August 27, 1873 10 00 Thomas Ashery, right of way, August 27, 1873 40 00 G. M. Sheldon, right of way, August 27, 1873 120 00 J. B. Shut, right of way, August 29, 1873 loo 00 Hugh Dixon, right of way, August 29, 1873 100 00 G. W, Bryant, right of way, August 29, 1873 275 00 P. J. Kelly, right of way, August 29, 1873 200 00 G. M. Holloway, right of way, August 30, 1873 900 00 J. M. Dillon, right of way, August 30, 1873 650 00 H. Steiner, right of way, August 30,. 1S73 250 00 300 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. N. Hornbuckle, right of way, August 30. 1873 $ 50 00 Daniel Boone, right of way, August 30, 1873 66 00 Mart Hackler, right of way, September i, 1873 1,200 00 Marion Barnett, right of way, September 2, 1873 300 00 W. R. Bernard, right of way, September 3, 1873 3.000 00 I. E. Price, right of way, September, 3, 1873 200 00 B. J. Franklin, right of way, September 4, 1873 55o 00 John Orr, right of way, September 5, 1873 200 00 Solomon Wyatt, right of way, September 5, 1873 650 00 James Jessup, right of way, September 9, 1873 550 00 Cal Caldwell, right of way, September 9, 1873 500 00 A. B. H. McGee, right of way, November 10, 1873 4,000 00 M. Randolph, right of way. November 12, 1873 5o 00 Northv/est quarter of northwest quarter section 27, township 48, range 33. right of way, November 12, 1873 200 00 W. H. Cobb, right of way, November 12, 1873 loo 00 Samuel Protect, right of way, November 12, 1873 1 15 00 W. Turner, right of way, November 12, 1873 5o 00 Brown & McSpalden, right of way, November 12, 1873 100 00 W. Bevis, right of way, November 23, 1873 50 00 James Jessup, right of way, November 23. 1873 100 00 F. Weddick, right of way, November 23, 1873 loo 00 Edward DeWolf, right of way and engineering, Oct. 18, 1873 73 -25 Regan, right of way, Nov. 12, 1873 300 00 J. C. Morris, right of way, Nov. 12, 1873 1,800 00 J. W. Keefer, right of way, Nov. 12, 1873 200 00 C. B. Piatt, right of way, Nov. 12, 1873 loo 00 W. R. Barr, right of way, Nov. 12, 1873 65 90 W. Renisch, right of way, Nov. 12, 1873 10 00 A. Jenkins, right of way, Nov. 12, 1873 125 00 P. Soden Sc Bro., construction, Sept. 30, 1873 18,349 30 Soden & Bro., construction, Sept. 20, 1873 15,210 12 James Campbell, engineering, Dec. 16, 1873 1.529 00 W. R. Truman, engineering, Dec. 16, 1873 789 65 A. B. H. McGee, engineering 1,400 00 Karnes & Piss, contingent, Jan. i, 1874 148 95 E. Chiles, right of way, Jan. 3, 1874 350 00 J. W. Polk, contingent, Jan. 30, 1874 500 00 Levi Tyler, contingent, Jan. 30, 1874 150 00 R. C. McBeth as attorney at law and committeeman to New York, Jan. 29, 1874 i,5oo 00 W. D. Meade, contingent as secretary, Jan. 29, 1874 i,5oo 00 A. Qualmd, engineering, Jan. 29, 1874 1-999 00 P. Soden, construction, Jan. 30, 1874 8,180 06 Journal Company, construction, Jan. 30, 1874 64 74 R. T. VanHorn, contingent, Feb. 10, 1874 5, 000 00 A. D. LaDue, balance in ledger, Feb. lo, 1874 4.239 56 H. L. LaDue, contingent, Feb. 10, 1874 594 00 A. D. LaDue, contingent, Feb. 10, 1874 4.000 00 Claud LaDue, engineering, Feb. 10, 1874 596 00 W. R. Truman, engineering, Feb. 10, 1874 316 66 James Campbell, engineering, Feb. 10, 1874 602 25 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 301 $ 105 00 00 00 90 July 2, 1874 • J ' ' '^'' 'o^. 350 00 W. D. Meade, right of way June 25, i874. • • • • ^^ Poindexter, land and right of way, Aug^ 7. i«74. • • • • ^ T H. J. Harris, land and right of way, Aug. 1 1, 1874 3/b tred Widlich, land and right of way, Aug 17, 1874 - - John Regan, land and right of way, Aug^i8, i874- ■ • - 3 William Turner, land and right of way, Aug. 20, 1874 ^° °^ H. M. Holden, contingent, Sept 7, iW- ^^ R. F. Mastin, right of way, Sept. ^o, 1^74 ^^^ ^^ J. N. Harris, right ot way, Sept. 10 1874^ ^^^ ^^ Isaac Johnson, right of way, Sept. 10. ^874 i 200 00 F. Patrick, right of way, Sept. 10, 1874^ ' ^^ B.F.Martin, right of way, Sept. ^ ^' '^74- -^ -^_ ^ Penn. (duplicate 200) right of way, Sept. 12, 1874 ^^^ ^^ W. H. Barr, right of way Sept. 19, i874 ^^ ^^ R. White, right of way, Sept. 21, i874^ • ^^^^^ ^^ J. J. Mastin, right of way, Sept. 25, 1874 g^ ^^ ^^ T. Mastin. contingent Sept. 25, '«74-^- • 00 R. C. McBeth, right of way, Sept. 26, 874 ^ ^ ^^ P. A. LaDue, right of way. Sept 26, 1874 ^^^^ 2^ Sol Hilligus, ties, Sept 26, 1874.^ ' ;f,- V^., '.■.■. 9,'5oo 00 W. P. Johnson, right of ^ay, Sept. 26, 1874 ^ ^ ^^ R. T. VanHorn, contingent, ^^pt. 26 1874 "^ ' ^^ A. D. LaDue, contingent, Sept. 26, 874 • '^^ ^^ G. Y. Salmon, contingent Sept. 26, 1874 9,500 00 D. C. Stone, contingent, Sept. 26 1874^ ^ ^ ^^ W. D. Meade, contingent, ^ept. 26, 874 '^' ^^ A. L. Harris, contingent, Sept. 26, 874 • ^^ ^^ John W. Polk, contingent ^^P^-^f; ;^74. •g_^- • ; ; ^ ^^^ ^o Meade Woodson, right of way, Sept 26 1874 ^^ W. S. Parish, right of way, Aug. 28, 1874 125 00 Mordecai Bui, right of way, Oct. 2, 1^72 _■ ^^ James Campbell, engineering, Oct^26, i874„ -^ • • • • ; ^ C. H. Nickerbocker, engineering, Oct. 26 1874 ^ W. H. Salmaker, engineering, Oct. 26 874 i.^^ H. L. LaDue, construction, Oct. 26, 1874^^ ^^^ ^ Claude LaDue, engineering, O^t. 26 1874.^ .- ^^ R. T. Van Horn, engineering^ ^""V^Ia^"^ 368 30 James Harder, engineering. Oct. 26. ^ 874 ^ James Burke, engineering, Oct. 26. 1874. • • ■ ^^^ 00 A. M. Statemaker, engineering, Oct. 26, 1874 ^^6 65 James Corington, engineering, Oct^ 26 1874 • James Campbell, engineering Oct. 26 1874 52,151 24 Soden & Bros., construction, Oct. 26, 1874- • ■ - ;^- • „ ^ ' ^ H L McElro;, right of way. part payment warrant No. 272, ^^^ ^^ entered in warrant 272, 1874. •••■-• ''V.^V 97-^' entered Meade Woodson, right of way, as part of warrant 272, entered ^ ^^ ^^ in warrant 272 302 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. William McClure, right of way, Nov. 21, 1874 $ 50 00 , engineering, Jan. 2, 1875 2,389 00 M. E. Summers, second class masonry, Feb. 4, 1875 1,056 00 James Corrington, duplicate, Feb. lo, 1875 673 80 The Democrat, in commenting upon this astounding exposure of what became of the money, made the following remarks: "We also learn from another source that in addition to the expenditures here given, that additional warrants, to the amount of $180,000 were issued, for which the books show no account whatever. Not even so much as "contingent expenses." ONE MORE EXPOSURE. With one more important paper this history of wrong will be closed. That exposure shows the whole game, that from the start " they meant business." With the bribery of a county judge, whose affidavit was made and left for safe keeping, but is now missing, though its contents are not, and will not be denied. From the hasty summoning of a county judge to come town to sign $50,000 of the bonds, and their midnight delivery, the attempted purchase of men who could influence a county court, down to the deliberate fraud of fraudulent contracts, the whole is exposed, and a more sickening and dishonest record would be hard to find in the annals of fraud. This is the record the people of Henry County, who have been so foully wronged, can now understand, and if no other satisfaction is ever granted them, they will have the knowledge of who "did it." From beginning to end this record of railroad history is offi- cial, and it has required no small amount of labor and patience to bring to light the whole facts bearing on the case. Some darker spots are still left. The query the editor of the Democrat asks, " What became of the $180,000 not even entered as contingent expenses.'" is one of them. The closing up is the well known confession of the engineer, or that part of it that referred to the work between Clinton and Osceola, the contracts, and what came of them. The following will be found very interesting reading: THE engineer's CONFESSION— ADDITION, DIVISION AND . SILENCE — OR H0^V TO ROB THE PEOPLE. As there has been a great deal said in the past concerning the mis- appropriation of the funds furnished by the counties, in the shape of bonds, to build a railroad from Kansas City, Missouri, to Memphis, Ten- nessee; and as my name has been frequently mentioned as one of the " railroad ring," in justice to myself and to the counties concerned, I have decided to make a frank and full expose of all that I know about the past management of the road 'and the dealings of the officers of the company, particularly in regard their to very virtuous and honest (?) HISTORY OK HENRY COUNTY. 305 disposition of the funds entrusted to their hands. It is not necessary for me to go into a detailed verbiage of the first organization of the com- pany, as that is a matter which has been frequently published and is doubtless familiar to the people of all interested counties. I will, there- fore, simply commence with my first connection with the railrord com- pany. I was employed by the first president of the company, D. C. Stone, to commence a survey of the road from- Clinton, Henry County,. Missouri, to Osceola, St. Clair, County, Missouri. I made a reconnois- ance of the line in August, 1870, and early in September of the same year, started a party of engineers to run a preliminary line from Clin- ton south, taking charge of the party in person. After reaching the southern line of St. Clair County I left the party in camp to await orders from the board and went to Clinton to attend a meeting of the board to be held at that time. I was then elec'-^d chief engineer of the Clinton & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, with orders to run a line, to Bolivar, Polk County, Missouri, and to start another party to locate the line from Clinton south, preparatory to commencing work. I now come down to the time I first became convinced that everything was not straight. A. D. LADUE MAKES A CALL. Mr. A. D. Ladue came to me in my office and made the request that I fix such a price for the work, and to fix it in such a manner that the contractors could divide and at the same time the price would look small to outsiders. To this request I did not know what to say;- but directly Ladue getting no reply from me, he went out and that was the last I heard of it. This was the latter part of November, 1870. I wrote tO' some friends in St. Clair County to meet me at the Osage timber, near where the line now runs. I left in the morning and returned in the evening. I there met and told them just how things were. They beg- ged of me not to resign but to keep my position (I had made up my mind to resign and told them so). They said, knowing what I did, I could keep my position in the company and prevent any great amount of damage or stealing; that if I resigned some one would be appointed who would do the bidding of their dishonest masters, and that as they already had the bonds and as nothing could be done to prevent the company from making use of them not to resign but to do the best I could for the coun- ties. I came back from this interview hardly knowing what to do. I consulted with my friends and they also advised me not to say anything; that if I did my statement would be refuted by Ladue and Stone, who were both influential and well known men while I was comparatively a stranger. They advised me by no means to resign if I really had the good of the counties at heart. I will now proceed to show how little good I was able to do. WE WILL NOW PROCEED TO MAKE A CONTRACT. Mr. J. B. Colt came to me and said Mr. Ladue that he, Colt, should enter into a contract to do certain work at the following prices: (the prices were not mentioned at this time but afterwards I found out what they were) earth excavation 27 cents pej yard; loose rock $1 per yard;. 304 HISTORY OF IIENRV COUNTY. solid rock $i 75 per yard; clearing and grubbing $70 per acre: culvert masonry $S-50 per yard; and that he, Colt, was to give I^adue and Stone two cents per yard on earth, 25 cents in loose and solid rock, and $20 per acre on clearing and grubbing, and $1 per yard on culvert masonry. That he did not know what to do. and did not want to do anything that was not right, and said that if I would stand by him he would do nothing but what was right. I assured him that I would do so and that he could depend on me. This was the last that I heard about the contract until I had to make out the estimates when the prices were given me. The work was at least one-half done before I found out there was any- thing divided. They then told me all about it, stating that the difference between the first named prices and those actually paid the contractors were, after the whole amount had been drawn, handed back to the contractors. They, the contractors, drawing the entire amount, and then paying the difference to LaDue in his office, which was divided between A. D. LaDue and D. C. Stone, except the contract let to H. Hale, which I will explain hereafter. The contract for the first twenty miles south from Clinton was let to J. B. Colt, with the understanding that Captain Wil- liam Weaver was to have the last five miles (which was in St. Clair County). Captain Weaver was to have the same price Colt received. The contract for that five miles was a part of the first twenty, which was let to J. B. Colt, and had to be receipted by him to the company, and a separate estimate was made to Weaver. The prices Weaver received were the same that J. B. Colt actually received, that is, the original price less the bonus paid to LaDue and Stone, (they first told me the differ- ence Colt received), Weaver not knowing anything of this arrangement, but supposing that he received the amount of the original contract prices. We will now take the contract let to H. Hale. He had really nothing to do with the contract, more than to lend the use of his name for one- third of the profits, which was the difference between prices in the orig- inal contract and the prices of the sub- contractors. The prices of the original were the same as those in J. B. Colt's contract, and the sub- prices were as follows: Earth, 23 cents; loose rock, 65 cents; solid rock, $1.50; clearing and grubbing, $40 per acre and two-thirds of the over- haul; the culvert work at $4. The bridge work was let to Frank McCabe at the following prices: Bridge masonry, $11, and Grand River at $12, he paying the $3 per yard and actually receiving $8 and $9. THEY SCOOP $27,000. We will now proceed to recapitulate: First take J. B. Colt's contract in Henry county. Earth excavation, 165,383 i-ioo yards at 2c, $ 3,307 66 Loose rock excavation, 8.672 7- 100 yards at 25c, 2,168 17 Solid rock excavation, 4,715 4-100 yards at 25c, 1,178 85 Third class masonry, 1.920 yards at $ i, 1,920 00 Clearing and grubbing, 43 6-10 acres at 20, 872 00 $ 9,446 6% HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 305 ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Earth excavation, 30,327 3-100 yards at 2c, $ 606 54 Loose rock excavation, 1,916 yards at 25c, 479 00 Solid rock excavation, 717 2-100 yards at 25c, 179 30 Third class masonry, 400 yards at $i, 400 00 -$ 1,664 84 H. HALE, ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Earth excavation, 65,350 5-100 yards at 4c, $ 2,614 02 Loose rock excavation, 9,420 7-100 yards at 35c, 3.297 24 Solid rock excavation, 3,493 7-100 yards at 25c, 8.73 42 South Osage River, 4,642 8-100 yards at 25c, 1,160 70 Third class masonry, 1,128 62-100 yards at $1.50 1.69293 Clearing and grubbing, 371 78-100 yards at 30.00 1.133 40 Over haul, 2,627 71 $13,399 21 Two-thirds the amount of $ 8,932 80 FRANK M'CABE. Second class masoniy, 2,325 80-100 yards at $3.00 $ 6,987 40 Grand total $26,93 1 72 WHY I DID — WHY I D-IDN'T. The question will doubtless be asked why I did not make this state- ment before. In answer I will state, at the time I had found all these things to a certainty, I went to two members of the board, and to one of them I made a clear and perfect statement, and would have done so to the other had he not refused to hear me. The first named was Mead, of Osceola, and the last was McBeth, of Clinton. It was he who would not listen to me; who went to D. C. Stone and told him he had better stop me from telling things. Stone came to me and wanted to know what I had said to that director. I do not remember just all that was said between Stone and myself, but from that time on Stone was continually making threats to me that if some par- ties did not keep their mouths shut he would fix them; that he carried the thing to do it with, and would put his hand on his pocket at the same time. I thought at the time and afterwards became convinced that he meant that I was the person who must stop talking. The direc- tor I made the statement to told me I had better look out for my life; that Stone had made threats which he thought applied to me, although no names were mentioned. Having a family to support, I could not endanger my life. For this and other reasons of a similar character, which for prudential reasons I deem it best not to mention at this time, I have been induced to withhold this statement of facts from the public until the present time. [Signed] CHARLES GRISWOLD. 20 3o6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The record from 1876 to date is familiar to all. The main feature and acts of the people of Henry County through their county court and the agents have been given, and the matter is now ended, except to meet the principal and interest on the compromised debt. Here the question is left, trusting that a period of uninterrupted prosperity may fall upon her people until the last vestige of this great wrong, except its undying remembrance, shall have passed away. CHAPTER XX. THE CIVIL WAR. THE STORM CLOUD-A GOOD DEAL OF SORROW, ETC.-1861 HISTORIC-MEETING AT CLIN- TON—WHAT WAS SENT TO THE GOVERNOR— DEMOCRATIC MEETING— RESOLUTIONS PASSED-NEWSPAPER COMMENIS -UNION MEETINGS-THE RESULT-THE GOSPKL OF HATE-FEDERAL FORCES— THE GRAY PREDOMINATES— SOME LOCAL MATTERS —THE BRIDGING OF THE BLOODY CHASM— ALL IS PEACE— THE BLUE AND THE GRAY-THE HEROES WHO DIED. THE STORM CLOUD. The Lone Star State had seen her Alamo, and from the blood of her murdered sons came forth a glorious state with the banner of free- dom and independence proudly floating in the breeze. Then had fol- lowed the Mexican War with a large increase of territory to join event- ually the noble sisterhood of states. The wave of excitement caused by the golden discoveries of California, had come and gone, and the quiet which followed was like the sleep of death. But this was the hush before the storm, and soon the dark and ominous cloud of civil strife began to hover over the land. Where all was peace the demon of hate and fanatacism sprang up, and our country, unexampled in the world's history for its prosperity, was soon given over to desperate conflict; a struggle which was to deluge our land with blood, and which was not only to rend the liberties of the people, but start an era of corruption the like of which the world had never seen. Hundreds of thousands of people slain, thousands of millions of the people's money stolen. Our fair land was to pass through the trying ordeal of domestic strife that clothed our people in anguish and gloom, and which brought sorrow and mourning into nearly every household in the land. 1861. The year i86i is historic. The hydra-headed monster, hate, had taken possession of the hearts of the people and could only be appeased by deadly conflict and carnage upon the battle field. Peace spread her wings and soared aloft, and the "Land of the free" once more attested her devotions to free institutions by sealing that devotion in blood. Right or wrong they attested their sincerity by sacrificing their 308 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. lives upon the alter of their belief — fighting for principles. The battle was fought, victory won by the Federal arms, and those who did the fighting have clasped hands across the bloody chasm. The blue and the gray mingle in fraternal union. WHEN IT STARTED. Very many of the people, both north and south, still believe that the roar of the signal gun at Fort Sumter was the opening of the dread conflict, but it would seem from the following official record, that Boston was the starting point that inaugurated the terrible civil strife, and that her fanatics furnished the arms, they^ dared not use themselves to start the unholy contest. The following document, when submitted to the legislature at its session of 1860-1 by the then governor of the state, Claiborne F. Jack- son, for the action of the legislature, to take such steps as the good name of the commonwealth demanded. The first refers to the action of the people of Henry County, in mass meeting assembled: At a meeting of the citizens of Clinton, Henry County, Missouri, held at the court house on the night of the 20th of November, 1860, the following, among other proceedings, were had, to wit: After a speech from Judge Williams, of Kansas Territory, and other gentlemen, the following resolutions were adopted: Whereas, We have received indisputable evidence of the fact that the notorious Montgomery, of Kansas, has lately been receiving large supplies of arms, money and provisions from the East, and he has erected a fort and has supplied the same with munitions of war, and that he has collected a large band of outlaws around him, and that he has published that the United States District Court should not convene at Fort Scott; that the several United States officers in that portion of Kansas Terri- tory should leave the territory or be killed; that these officers have been compelled to abandon their official duties and flee for their lives; that several citizens of the county have actually been murdered, property plundered, negroes stolen and the border counties threatened with inva- sion, and open and extensive preparations made to carry the threats into execution, for the purpose of murder, plunder and negro stealing. Resolved, That a volunteer company be organized for the purpose of defending our own homes, and, if necessary, the western borders of the state. Resolved, That a messenger be immediately sent to the governor of the state with a request to provide for the purpose. Resohed, -Thdit Thomas E. Owen, Norval Spangler, J. C. Alexander, J. Davis, A. M. Tutt, B. L. Dozier, T. W. Royston. S. P. Ashby and Burt I-lolcomb be appointed to enroll such names as may be willing to join a volunteer company and to effect an organization of the same. Resolved, That D. C. Stone and W. A. Duncan be appointed a com- mittee to wait upon the governor and represent to him the emergency of the case, and, if possible, procure a supply of arms. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 30 Resolved, That a committee of fifteen be appointed to inform the citi- zens of the county of Henry of the meeting and its purposes, of the 22d inst., and devise means for the same. Tebo — A. C. Avery, J. Davis. Springfield— R. K. Murrell, E. J. Warth. Osage — A. T. Bush, N. S. Spangler. Deepwater — B. L. Dozier, L. Cruce. Big Creek — B. L. Ouarles, J. G. Dorman. Bogard — Jesse Nave, B. G. Boone. Grand River— S. P. Ashby, W. H. Cock, J. H. Vance. Resolved, That a messenger be sent to Warsaw, Osceola, Lexington and Warrensburg, and take with them a copy of the proceedings of this meeting and ask their co-operation. Lexington — A. Raney, Hampton Winew. Warrensburg— T. A. Hust, M. W. Lowry. Osceola— B. F. Cox, H. C. Tutt. Warsaw — H. S. Marvin, R. L. Burge. I. M. CRUCE, Chairman. L. B. Ouarles, Secretary. Clinton, Mo., November 20, i860. Goyernor Stewart : Sir: I am here to inform the citizens of this place of the following facts ; and I have been requested to present them to you as governor of the state. The Abolitionists, under the command of Montgomery and Dr. Jennison, to the number of from three to five hundred, armed with Sharpe's rifles, dragoon sabres, navy revolvers and bowie knives each, have suddenly commenced a war of extreme ferocity on the law-abiding citizens ot Southern Kansas, in the counties of Linn and Bourbon. These arms arrived by the wagon load at or near Mound City, about one month since, in boxes marked as donations for Kansas sufferers. They are all new. Montgomery had been at Boston during part of the summer, and returned with plenty of money to enlist recruits. Many of his men are freshly imported. He has taken possession of Fort Scott and other towns on the border near the Missouri line. He has murdered Mr. Moore, a grand juror; Mr. Harrison, Mr. Samuel Scott, Mr. Hindes, and obliged all of the United States officers, including myself, to fiy for our lives. His openly expressed design in a public speech, as he said, " with- out concealment," is to keep possession of Fort Scott and other places near the state line, to prevent " a fire in the rear," while he cleaned out "Southern Missouri of Slaves." So far, he has carried out literally his declared programme. The citizens of Missouri on the Osage, Marmaton, and in Bates and Vernon, are flying from their homes into the interior. He boasts that he has money and arms to sustain one thousand men. These are faets. " Oinne pars fui." My court was broken up by them — the U. S. Court for the Southern District. I expect they have seized the records, and also the records of the land office, as he publicly declared he would do so. 310 HISTORY or HENR\ COUNTY. I send this in haste to accompany the proceedings, etc., of a meet- ing of the citizens here. Yours, etc., J. WILLIAMS, U. S. District judgt', jd Judicial District of the Territory of Kansas. Warsaw, Mo., November 22, i860. To D. C. Stone : Montgomery is at Ball's Mill — stole a number of negroes and mur- dered six or eight men. Williams is here. Great excitement — meeting to be held to-night — company formed. J. H. LEACH. Warsaw, Mo., November 22, 1660. To General Hackney : Is it possible to get the military from St. Louis, say five hundred men armed and equipped.'' Montgomery has actually invaded the state, and is now near Taberville. Reply immediately. JAMES ATKISSON. The following extract from a letter written from Papin\-ille, Bates County, Missouri, December 2, i860, to Gen. G. A. Parsons, was also presented by the governor to the legislature with the others. The extract is as follows : "They have been in the state in parties, evidently for the purpose of stealing negroes and other property, and to murder some of our citizens; they have also threatened the Democratic Banner, a newspaper published at West Point, Bates County, Missouri; and wherefore we would state that our county is virtually beseiged, our lives and property being endangered by this band of outlaws, compelling us to be armed to repel an invasion, with which Montgomery has threatened us in public speeches. Our state has been invaded and is now in imminent danger of being again visited by Montgomery and his hired band. We would further represent that on account of the present state of affairs, general distress now prevails. Slave owners have sent their negroes to the interior of the state. All honest and law-abiding men of Southern Kansas have either left or are leaving the territory, abandoning their all to save life. In conclusion we would repeat to you, that we deem this section of Missouri in danger, which we are but poorly prepared to resist success- fully. We also believe that they will attack us before spring ; that this border has been selected as the battle ground of the two great parties, the one for the Constitution and the Union, and the other for Abolition and Disunion. The leaders — Montgomery and Jennison — of the latter part)- openly and defiantly state that their object is to steal and liberate negroes in Southwest Missouri, and to hang or shoot every man who opposes them, b^ing well armed with new and superior arms, and money supplied from the East; they have now possesion of Fort Scott and other important places near the state line, and if Kot crushed, we may soon meet them in our state with sufficient force to carry out their programme." The people of Missouri began to see that if something was not done that blood and carnage would soon begin its terrible work. Union HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 31I meetings were held in almost every county of the state, but the people, while favoring union to the last degree, had no love for the abolition fanatics who were doing all that devils incarnate could do to precipitate a deadly conflict. In Henry County strong Union sentiments were expressed as above and another meeting called. Its proceedings are here given: " DEMOCRATIC MEETING." " Pursuant to a previous notice a large number of the citizens of Henry County met at the court house at Clinton on the 9th of January, i860, for the purpose of appointing delegates to the Democratic State Convention, which convened at Jefferson City on the 9th of April next, when the following proceedings were had: Major William M. Wall was made chairman and R. K. Murrell appointed secretary of the meeting. On motion of R. L. Burge it was resolved that a committee of six be appointed to draft resolutions expressing the sense of this meeting; whereupon the following gentlemen were selected, to wit: R. L. Burge, L. Cruce, John A. Bushnell, J. G. Dorman, G. F. Warth and James Swindle. During the absence of the committee the meeting was addressed by Messrs. Marvin, Williams and Murrell upon the political questions of the day. The committee returned and reported the following preamble and resolutions: Whereas, The United States have advanced more rapidly than any other nation in all the elements that constitute greatness; and whereas, the administration of the general government has been in the hands of the Democratic party for the greater portion of that time; therefore Be it Resolved, That we have entire confidence in the principles of the Democratic party. Resolved, second. That we regard the so-called Republican party of the north as a sectional and fanatical one, whose avowed principles are directly subversive of the constitution, and whose ultimate triumph would be a national calamity — greatly endangering the union of the states ; and that we look with extreme reprobation at its attempted organization in our own state. Resolved, third, That in the Democratic party we recognize a truly national party, unwaveringly devoted to the rights and interests of every section of our common country, and to the preservation and perpetuity of the entire union. Resolved, fourth. That we hereby pledge ourselves unanimously and cordially to support the nominee of the Charleston convention, and of our state convention, which convenes at Jefferson City on the 9th of April next. Resolved, fifth. That we endorse the Cincinnati platform, adopted June. 1856, and the principles enunciated in the Dred Scot case. Resolved, sixth, That having full confidence in the ability and integrity of the Hon. Waldo P. Johnson, of St. Clair, we hereby instruct our delegates to the state convention to cast the vote of this county for him as our first choice for sfovernor. 312 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Resoli'cd, seventh, That having entire confidence in the qualifica- tions and fitness of our esteemed fellow-citizen, Major Daniel Ashby, of Henry, for the office of state treasurer, we hereby instruct our delegates to cast the vote of this county for him as first choice for said office. Resolved, eighth. That while we view the recent outrages commit- ted at Harper's Ferry, as the fruits of the teachings and "irrepressible con- flict" principles of the Republican party of the north, and sincerely sym- pathize with and approve of the course pursued by the state of Virginia, we regard the union meetings recently held in the north as manifesting the spirit of patriotism calculated to check the disorganizing principles of the Abolition party, and preserve the union of the states on true Constitutional grounds. Resolved, ninth, That in view of the eminent abilities and long- tried services of that "wheel-horse" of Democracy, Claiborne F. Jack- son, we recommend him as the second choice of this meeting as a can- didate for the office of governor. Resolved, tenth, That the chair appoint seventeen delegates to attend a state convention at Jefferson City and cast the vote of Henry County in obedience to the foregoing instruction; whereupon the fol- lowing were appointed by the chair, to wit: G. H. Warth, A. C. Marvin, S. P. Ashby, J. G. Dorman, A. Walmsley, L. Cruce, William Johnson, Addison Bronaugh, John A. Bushnell, R. L. Avery, William M. Wall, John W. Williams, James Swindle, William H. Murrell, A. J. Lee, John O. Covington and William Paul. Resolved, eleventh, That each township in the county be requested to elect delegates to a convention to be held at Clinton on the first Monday in May, next, for the nomination of county officers and the more perfect organization of the party, and the twelfth resolution called for the publication of the foregoing in the Warsaw Democrat, Jefferson Examiner and Clinton Journal. From the latter and under date of January 13th, i860, the above proceedings were taken. The report was signed, WILLiAM M. WALL, President. RICHARD K. MURRELL, Secretary. THE journal's COMMENTS. "A report of the proceedings of a Democratic convention, which was held in this place on Monday last, January 9th, i860, will be found in another column. Without expressing any other opinion regarding the general tenor of the resolutions adopted, and which every one is at liberty to construe as he pleases, yet we must say that the spirit which dictated the eighth resolution is worthy of general imitation. We have not seen before in any portion of the South, a single instance of a pub- lic recognition of the conservative principles which prompted the recent Union demonstrations in the North. Can it be that Henry County has taken the lead of the entire South, in a movement which sound policy as well as common sense would suggest.''" The Journal also copies an article from the Jefferson P^xaminer, which it apparently indorses. The Journal was an independent and conservative sheet, with an outspoken Union sentiment, but disclaimed any sympathy with the Republican party. He explained that he was HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 313 opposed to and held in contempt the teachings of the "Helper Book," and that he was for the Union, now and forever. The Examiner article is here given : " UNION MEETINGS." "Since the Harper's Ferry tragedy, Union meetings have been held in nearly all the principal cities of the East, and glorious, patriotic, and Union-loving sentiments have been freely expressed. No one can have any doubt after reading the proceedings of these meeting, but that there is a conservative element in the free states, and that that element will ever be found upholding the rights of the inhabitants of every portion of our glorious confederacy — knowing no North, no South, no East, no West. Still no person who has the welfare of this country at heart, can be so blind as not to be fully aware that there is an organization north of Mason & Dixon's line, the leaders of which are most corrupt at heart,, ready and willing — and we may say anxious — to hurl this beautiful fabric of ours into the abyss of darkness. In the present emergency, when the troubled waters roll high, when disaster and shipwreck stare us in the face, it becomes the imperative duty of every true and loyal American citizen to show by his actions — not by mere words^that he still cherishes a deep-seated love for the union of the states. Let harmony, peace and good will prevail and we will have — . ' A union of lakes, A union of lands, ^ A union of states, none can sever ; A union heart'^, A union of hands And the flag of our union forever !* We hope the good work so bravely begun by our brethren of the East, will go steadily on without faltering until sectionalism is routed from our midst, and until every traitor receives the same punishment so justly meted out to Ossawatomie Brown and his vile accomplices." THE RESULT. These meetings and extracts show the temper of the people of Henry County, and of Missouri generally, at the inception of the war^ a feeling which afterward moderated by the comnaencing of one of the greatest civil wars of history. The cool and determined hatred and fanatacism which had assumed the leadership at the North, was met by an impetuous, uncontrolable temper on the part of the leaders of the South, and thirty-five millions of people were led to the slaughter, who really were conservative in their feelings and abhorred the very thought of a fratricidal strife. The people of Henry County, as will be seen, were for the Union from the start, and not until the signal gun of defiance had reverberated through the valleys and over the prairies of our grand old state, did this sentiment change, and the people almost unanimously joined the cause of the South. Not then even was disunion in their hearts. 3-14 HISTORY OF HENRV COUNTY. Eighteen years have passed, and sectional feeling is fast disappear- ing before the light of reason and the glory of our noble confederacy of states. The gospel of hate and the spirit of fanaticism is finding its place in the grave, as its disciples are gathered by the reaper of death, on his annual rounds. The unholy anger of an impetuous people is giv- ing way to a nobler effort, for they have seen and felt that a judgment so weak as to be controlled by anger, is manhood debased, and that they have fearfully paid for their unheard of and idiotic folly. The war left its bitter fruits in Henry County. Devastation and ruin swept over its fertile fields, hatred and animosity sprang up here and there, and the worst element of human nature held its brutal sway for four long years. Peace, with its angel wings, hovered over, and at last settled upon this striken land, and the sorrow and desolation of the past and present was softened by the bright and more hopeful future. Henry County contributed her quota to the armies in battle array, and while some joined the Federal forces, by far the greater number united with the army of the confederac}'. Some returned, others did not, each and all did their duty, according to their belief THE FEDERAL FORCES. Three years or the war— December 31, 1863 — Six volunteers in the Eighteenth Infantry, one in the Twenty-fourth Infantry, one in the Twenty-seventh Infantry, nine in the Thirty-third Infanty, three in the First Cavalry, two in the Eighth Cavalry. Twenty-two in all. MISSOURI STATE MILITIA. Four volunters in the First Cavalry, two in the Sixth Cavalry, twenty- seven in the Seventh Cavalry. Thirty-three in all. One volunteer joined a Kansas regiment, two an Arkansas regi- ment, two the Third Arkansas Regiment. Five in all. Here was a total of sixty, who joined the federal forces up to Janu- ary I, 1864. Undoubtedly there were others, but still Henry County citi- zens were mostly in favor of the Southern cause. THE GRAY PREDOMINATES. Henry County was more devoted to the South than to the Federal cause, and nearly 1,000 of her sons risked their lives and fortunes to the cause they held most dear. One company raised at or near Windsor, was General Price's body guard. But the record of those who went into the war on the Confederate side is not to be found. The record of the P"ederal army can be had, but when the lost cause found its grave, its records were left, in most cases to neglect, or purposely destroyed. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 3^5 While bravery and true patriotism Tiad found in the Confederate army thousands of representatives, they were, according to those who believed in the gospel of hate, but vile traitors. So the records of brave men are lost, and history can only be gathered from oral testimony. To be sure the Confederate archives are safely housed at Washington, but they would be of little use in local history, even if examined. Many dark deeds were committed in the county, and Clinton had her court martial, and the bullet did its deadly work. A son of Alfred Kimsey was shot as a bushwhacker in 1862, and Howard Hampton gave up his life on Shawnee's beautiful prairies. Clinton had a call from the notorious Colonel Jim Lane, and he was going to destroy the county records or carry them off, but changed his mind or was persuaded out of it. Then came Colonel A. M. Tutt, and he was also about to take these records, but did not, and at last they were boxed and sent by wagons to Sedalia under the charge of Judge J. G. Dorman, which, after several mishaps, among which was a break down, arrived safely within the boundary of the "Wind City." Henry County was not a battle field, though several skirmishes were had within her border, but armed men of both sides passed and repassed through and over her fertile fields, and devastation and ruin was found every- where, but not that utter wreck which followed where the contending hosts met in battle array and struggled for supremacy. It would require a volume to detail all the local happenings, and then the record would neither be accurate or add to the welfare of the county. Let the dead past bury its dead, and let the present become a beacon light for future progress. Dwelling on the past, and especially that which can only bring sorrowing reminiscence, is not the duty of the hour, and so long as that record cannot be furnished, because not kept, it is best to pass it by and look not to the past, but to the future. The battle for a separate republic was lost and the Union pre- served—an imperishable sisterhood of states. Victory crowned the Union army and the contending hosts shook hands across the bloody chasm. To be sure cowards came to the front when the strife was ended and preached the "gospel of hate," but the masses of the people have at last driven them to cover. There is a union of hearts and a union of hands in this year of our Lord, 1883, and the country is making rapid strides towards the front rank of nations. The blue and the gray, the flag of our Union waves over both, and if ever a future conflict shall call our people to arms, the gray and the blue will be found side by side, each in heroic endeavor for the preservation of their common country. They sleep side by side on many fields of battle, the living are once more brothers, the dead are united, and upon the graves of the blue and the gray are placed the garlands of victory, and memory is ever kept green for the loved ones dead. 3l6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. THE HEROES WHO DIED. ''God knows who was right, Ah! yes! it is true, And the God of the Gray Is the God of the Blue; He bore their proud spirits To mansions above. And He crowned them at last With his garlands of love. The grasses grow green On the graves where they lay, The flowers bloom alike O'er the Blue and the Gray; And loved ones tears Are mingled with dew, While with it God blesses The Gray and the Blue. In Heaven above us God opens his gate No strife or contention, No discord, no hate; The portals are open, And there, side by side, Stand the heroes of battle — The heroes who died. God welcomes them all ; Though in battle array One bore the bright blue. And the other the gray. Though one fought for Union, The other for State, One Angel of Mercy Guided all to God's gate. And there at the right hand Of him who is just. Away from the mortal And up from the dust, There, there by God's throne, Far away from earth's grave In raiments unspotted. Stand the true and the brave. Shall we, the frail worldlings, Who yet live and wait — Shall we sit in judgment. Or cry out in hate, HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 317 While a father above us, A father all wise, Calls back his loved children From earth to the skies, Foigive us, forgive us, Dear Father above ! Bring back to our conscience The heart beat of love ; And while we are weeping For our loved ones to-day Let us tenderly cherish The Blue and the Gray." Y3^ CHAPTER XXI. CLINTON TOWNSHIP. TOWNSHIP AND CITY— ITS EARLY BOUNDARIES— WHERE IT LIES— THE METES AND BOUNDS OF 1873— AREA AND POPULATION— ITS STREAMS AND FOUNTAINS— TIMBER AND PRAIRIES— PIONEERS AND WHO CAME LATER— SCHOOLS AND PIONEER PREACHING— NEW ARRIVALS-ITS FIRST PHYSICIAN— PROGRESS AND TRANSPOR- TATION-TOWNSHIP OFFICERS— THE NEXT CHAPTER, " THE MODEL CITY." A SORT OF COMBINATION. This township may be said to be mostly included in the city of Clinton, for its history is pretty nearly all included in the settlement of the county seat, its growth and its prosperity. Originally this township was a part of Grand River and Springfield Townships, range line 26 dividing them and also passing through the center of what is now Clin- ton Township. In i860 the boundary line of Grand River was changed and Clinton w^as then all in Grand River Township, and there it remained until the final upheaval of township affairs by the new township organ- ization law of 1872-3 brought it into existence. At the same time it blotted from the map of Henry County the name of Grand River Town- ship, which had existed since the county was organized, a period of thir- ty-eight years. Clinton Township lies in the second tier of townships from its southern border, and is the central township and known as Congressional Township No. 41, of range 26, besides a small portion of tow^nship 40 of ranges 26 and 25, and also of township 42 of range 25, having in these additions nearly three and a half sections of land added to her domain. This was caused by the sinuous course of Grand River on her eastern border and Deepwater on the southeast. ITS BOUNDARY. Composed of Congressional Township No. 41 of range No. 26 and the west half of the southeast quarter of section No. 31 and the west half of section No. 31 in township No. 41, of range 25; also commencing at the southwest corner of the west half of lot No. 2 of the southwest quarter of section No. 6, township No. 40 of range No. 26, and running thence east to the southeast corner of the east half of lot No. 2 of the northeast quarter of section No. 5; thence south to the southeast corner HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 319 of the east half of lot No. i of the northeast quarter of section No. 5; from thence east to the center of section No. i; from, thence south to the center of section No. 12; thence east to the southeast corner of the northeast quarter of section No. 12, in township No. 40 of range No. 26, and from thence east on the center section line running east and west through sections 7 and 8 of township No. 40' of range 25 to right bank of Grand River. AREA AND POPULATION. This gives Clinton Township an area of a trifle over 39I sections of land, or an acreage of 25,084 acres. It is one of the best townships in the county. Grand River comes in from the northwest and flows diag- onally through the township, and on the east running nearly due souths being its eastern boundary for nearly three miles. In the northwest is Fields' Creek, in the centeh Town Creek, and on the east side Deer Creek, all emptying into Grand River, and on its southern boundary Deepwater is found passing clear across the township from west to east, emptying into Grand River just south of the southeast corner of the township. Timber is abundant all along the banks of these streams, and the rest, or about three-fourths of the township is prairie land. So far as the fer- tility of the soil is concerned, it is fully up to the average of the county, but for some reason, the agricultural population has not kept pace with the surrounding townships. In 1870 the population was not given sep- arately as it had not been organized, and the township of Grand River had been given including other territory besides Clinton. Clinton City had a population of 640, as given by the census of that year. The population of the city and township in 1880 was 3,849, of which the city of Clinton had 2,862, and the township 987 outside of the city. The growth of the city for the decade was very great, but the township grew but very little, being hardly a natural increase.. THE PIONEERS. Among those who made this township their home was James B. Sears, who settled on section 5, and his son Frank Sears, now living in Oregon; John Nave, on section 4; William R. Owens, on section 12; P. J. Byser, from North Carolina, in section 33, in 1839, ^"^ ^^1^ ^^^ former in 1 83 1. In fact, except the Arbuckles, Kimseys and a few others, these were among the first settlers of the county. The Wallaces came in 1836, A. W. Bates in 1837, and many others whose further history will be found in that of the city of Clinton and pioneer history. The first school was kept as early as 1833 by old man Johnson and he went from house to house when he first commenced. Addison Young, Presbyterian, was the first preacher. He preached as early as 1831, at the cabins of the settlers but was never a permanent 320 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. resident of the county. Both Abraham Millice, a German, and a Metho- dist and Thomas Keeney, a Baptist, also held services in the settlement in 1832. There was not, until 1835, either a school house or church in the township. The Huntley Mill, on Grand River, on section 23, some three miles southeast of Clinton, was put up in 1845, ^"d for a long time was the only mill in all this section of country, and Huntley Mill became quite a noted place. There was no store in the township until the location of the county seat, but in 1836 Thomas B. and Benjamin F. Wallace started a store in Fields Creek Township, about one mile north of Clinton, on section 35. and kept it about twelve months, when early, in 1837, when town lots were ready to be sold, removed to Clinton and opened the first store in the township. The location of the county seat gave Clinton Township a start, and with the county seat has double the population of any town- ship in the county, Windsor coming next with 1,900, a little less than half of Clinton. NEW ARRIVALS. The first child born in the township was Ermie, a daughter of John Nave, born 1837. The first physician in the township who resided within its limits was Dr. Hobb. The first election in the township after the county seat was located was in 1837. The first election in Grand River Township, of which Clinton was a part, was in 1836. PROGRESS AND TRANSPORTATION. From 1840 to the present time Clinton City has outgrown the town- ship, and for a number of years there was nothing to break the monot- ony of farm life or prevent the county seat from growing. Then came war's alarm, when brother was to meet brother in mortal combat, and a once free and happy republic was to become, for a time, the seat of a military despotism, and the demon of hate was to hold high carnival for four long and gloomy years. But even these dread years passed away, and the sunlight of peace once more shed its glowing rays over the land. Then Clinton Township and city woke up to the future, and the dead past was left to bury its dead. Its transportation facilities are at this time composed of the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas Railroad, which passes from the north to the southwest portion of the township, giving about six miles of road to the township, with Clinton as the station. Another road is now being built from Clinton to Osceola, which will have a mileage within the township of about three and a half miles, but will have no station except Clinton within the township. The local history of these roads will be found in HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 32 1 separate chapters under railroad history, a history which is likely to arouse intense interest among the people of Henry and St. Clair Counties. SCHOOLS. The schools of Clinton Township number four, beside tho graded school of Clinton City, and they are all in a flourishing condition. In fact, if there is any one thing that has shown good judgment and an enlightened policy, it is the interest taken in advancing the cause of education. Education is an enduring monument, the foundation upon which the superstructure of a free republic is built. Let Christianity and education go hand in hand, and tyranny will find no foothold on American soil. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. Under the provisions of the new township law township officers were elected, but Henry County repealed the law, which was unfortu- nate, as by township assessment the assessed valuation of each town- ship was separate, and its cereal and stock production was taken. With the same rate of valuation this law showed the growth of each town- ship in the county, and its progress or decay was shown from year to year. In the county assessment the gross sum is given, but whether that increase has been in the north, south, east or west part of the county can only be known by days of toil and comparison. Two sets of officers, which were elected under that law, are here given: 1873— NEW ORGANIZATION LAW. Justices of the peace — George S. Ellis, Charles S. Robinson, Ansby Fike, J. R. Browning. Supervisor — John Curtis. Clerk— W. L. Windsor. Asssessor — John H. Doane. Collector — David P. Daum. Constable — Solomon Blatt. 1875. Trustee — S. D. Garth. Assessor — George Hopgood. Clerk— W. B. Calvird. Collector — William L. Windsor. Road overseer — Egbert King. Constable — John N. Barlow. Justice of the peace — Theodore W. Collins. 21 CHAPTER XXII. THE "MODEL CITY" OF THE PRAIRIES. SOMETHING OF THE MODEL TOWN— THE BEAUTY OF ITS SURROUNDINGS— WHEN AND WHERE LOCATED— STREETS, ETC.— DATE OF ENTRY OF THE TOWN SITE, 1837— POST OFFICE AND POSTMASTER— DEED-HOTEL AND SALOON— WHEN INCORPORATED, 1858— ITS GROWTH IN TWENTY-ONE YEARS— THE NEW BOUNDARY, 1866— THE IRON HORSE-POPULATION OF CLINTON BY DECADES— WHILE A TOWN— THEN A CITY OF THE FOURTH CLASS— A FINANCIAL EXHIBIT- ELECTION OF 1880 AND 1882- ANOTHER FINANCIAL SHOWING— THE SMALL POX SCARE— SOMETHING AUTHENTIC —ITS FUTURE. CITY OF CLINTON — THE MODEL TOWN. Clinton, in its plat and surroundings, may well be called the "The Model Town." There are very few as handsomely located towns in the state as Clinton, and this, combined with the beautiful residences, hand- some churches and splendid business blocks, its flagstone sidewalks, make one of the most desirable resident cities in the state. Could her wealth be utilized within her border she would hold an advanced posi- tion and Henry County itself, would stand, in wealth and productive capacity, in the front rank of counties in the state. Fully two million dollars are invested outside of Henry County by her citizens, and she thus loses the advantages arising from this large increase of wealth, and the taxation it would legitimately produce. Of course this wealth has a right to be invested where its owners elect, but it don't speak well for home pride or public spirit, both of which is required to build a town and increase the material prosperity of the county at large. Right in the center of a magnificent prairie, sitting upon a natural elevation or crest, the " Model City" stands, bathed in the sunlight, with the spires of her christian temples glistening in the bright rays which are reflected for miles around, for upon the open prairies, far to the south and east, these spires which ascend toward heaven can be seen for many miles, showing to the traveler that where they stand rest can be found on his earthly journey, and in his heart they stand before him as a harbinger of rest, a beacon light to direct him on the journey of life, which passes through the narrow way, crossing the dark and mystic river which flows through the valley of death, but when safely crossed the £folden shore is found. HISTORY OF HENRV COUNTY. 323, WHEN AND WHERE LOCATED. The gentlemen selected to locate the county seat of Rives County,. although appointed by the act of the legislature, December 13, 1834,. failed to make that selection until the fall of 1836, or about twenty-one months after their appointment. Anderson Young and Daniel McDowell, of Lafayette County, and Daniel M. Boone, of Jackson County, were the commissioners appointed, and they made the selection of the southeast quarter of section 3, town- ship 41 of range 26, as the site for the seat of justice of Rives County* Their report was presented to the county at the November term, 1836, and accepted by it. The county court at once acted upon the report by appointing Pey- ton Parks county seat commissioner, with full power to plat and lay out the same, and to sell lots, etc. Mr. Parks called on James M. Goff, sur- veyor, to plat a certain portion of the quarter section, which Mr. Goff did with the assistance of James Gladden, Robert H. Sproull and Wil- liam C. George. Sixty-four lots were laid off, and the first sale of lots took place February, 1837. The first building was put up by Thomas B. and Benjamin F. Wal- lace. This was a store house built of logs and weather boarded, and into this- building they moved their store, the first in the place, from their location, a mile north of town. The lot was known as lot number 17. John Nave put up the first hotel. This was a first class structure, looked a good deal like a cattle pen, and was located on the ground where Ful- kerson & Parks' drug store now stands. He had three rooms facing on Franklin Street, two facing on Main, with a hallway between the last two rooms. Nathan Fields hauled the logs for Wallace's store, and part of those for the hotel. They were one story and a half buildings, or had a good sized loft overhead. It was not long before other buildings were put up by John M. Reid, B. Fand and A. W. Bates, and soon Clinton, became quite a village in size and appearance. STREETS, ETC.. With the letting ot the new court house, and the location or removal of the court from Goff's, Clinton seemed to be full of life and growing rapidly. In 1840, she boasted of nearly 250 inhabitants. In the plat- ting of the town, streets were laid out as follows: RUNNING NORTH AND SOUTH. Main Street, east side public square. Washington Street, west side public square. 324 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. EAST AND WEST. Franklin Street, north side public square. Jefiterson Street, south side public square. First street north of Franklin was named Greene Street. The first street south of Jefferson was called Grand River Street. The first east of Main was called East Street, and west of Washington, Water Street. The streets around the square were marked out eighty feet wide, and were laid off and named in January, 1837, at the time of the platting of the town. So it seems the first buildings put up were completed in Feb- ruary, 1837, and others soon followed. DATE OF ENTRY. The quarter section upon which Clinton stands was not entered until December, 12, 1837, when John F. Sharp was authorized by the county court to proceed to Lexington and enter the same. This was done on the date above mentioned. On examination the section line was found to be west of East Street, and that street was just over the line on section two, and it was therefore withdrawn or not laid out. Thomas R. Wallace and John F. Sharp were appointed to superin- tend the building of the court house, and they were ordered to let the same. There were several that supposed that no one would take the job for $2,500, and several Calhounites were positive, but it was let to John D. Mercer, of Pettis County, and work begun. The brick used was burned on the public square. The clay was little mixed with iron, which made the brick of a dark color, but it was excellent brick clay. Thomas 11 Wallace now lives in Lexington, Missouri, and is in the real estate and insurance business. Benjamin F. Wallace, who was the first postmaster of Clinton, is now living in California. John Nave» Asaph W. Bates, John F. Sharp, and Robert Allen, have all closed their earthly career, Nathan Fields is living in Fields' Creek Township. The first election ever held in Clinton was for a justice of the peace for Grand River Township, and the election was held November 23, 1837. The first physician was Dr. Hobb, who was there as late as 1842. At the time the postoffice opened in Clinton, there had been only one in the county and that was at Goff's, and William Goff was postmaster- As Calhoun was laid out about the same time, or a little sooner, than Clinton, the Goff postoffice was removed to that town, and these two postoffices were the only ones in the county, James Fields being post- master of the Calhoun office. Benjamin Wallace made a map of all this section of Missouri in 1839 and sent it to Washington. This knowl- edge of the country caused him to be appointed government agent in this HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 325 section, of the postoffice department, and he was required to appoint or recommend postmasters for the new offices established, and in many cases to locate them. He gave a bond of $10,000, on which bond were the names of George W. and Preston Walker, Robert Allen and Thomas B. Wallace. The following is the first deed of record: DEED OF TOWN LOTS, CLINTON. This indenture, made the 19th day of February, in the year of our Lord 1838, between John F. Sharp, the county seat commissioner of Rives County, and the State of Missouri, of the one part, and John Bru- met, of the County of Rives, of the other part, witnesseth, that the said John F. Sharp, on behalf of the County of Rives, for and in considera- tion of the sum of fifty-seven dollars to him in hand paid, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, doth bargain, grant, sell and convey, and confirm unto the said John Brumet, his heirs, and assigns forever all the right, title and claim the County of Rives has to the following lots, situated and being in Clinton, the county seat of Rives County, and state aforesaid, to wit: Lot Number 42, fronting on the south side of Jefferson Street, one chain, fifty-eight links and one-tenth; thence run- ning back three chains and sixteen links and two-tenths; also Number 54, fronting on the east side of Main Street, containing the same number of chains and links in front and length; also lot Number 56, fronting on the east side of Washington Street, containing the same in front and back, and also Number 57, fronting on the west side of Washington Street, containing the same number of chains and links in front and back, supposed to contain one half acre each, by survey, be the same more or less, together with all and singular, the appurtances thereunto belonging, or in anywise appertaining to have and to hold the above described lots unto the said John Brumet, his heirs and assigns forever. And the said commissioner, John F. Sharp, the aforesaid lots unto the said John Brumet, his heirs and assigns, against the claim or claims of all and every other person whomsoever, do and will warrant and forever defend by these presents. In witness whereof the said commissioner, John F. Sharp, party of the first part, have hereunto set his hand and seal the day and 3'ear first above written. JOHN F. SHARP, [se.^vl.] Commissioner for the County Seat of Rives. On which is the following endorsement: State of Missouri, | Rives County, p^' On the 19th day of March, 1838, personally appeared before me, the undersigned clerk of the county court, John F. Sharp and acknowledged the above and foregoing deed of conveyance to be his act and deed, for the purpose therein expressed, and I do further certify that the said John F. Sharp is personally known to me to be the same person who exe- cuted the same. ¥. A. PINNELL, Clerk. Recorded the above and foregoing deed and acknowledgment this 23d day of May, 1838. F. A. PINNELL, Clerk. 326 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. HOTELS AND SALOONS. Having a first-class hotel, other public institutions were also thought to be necessary and it was decided that a first-class saloon should be opened for the convenience of the traveling public and other callers that came within their gates. Mr. Preston Wise came forth as the good Samaritan and proclaimed his willingness to provide liquid refreshment for the men who were caught in the rain storm and announced that they were very wet, and, also, that they were very dry. Mr. Wise got a "dram-shop" license May 3, 1841, and the beverage could be had soon after at five cents a drink, or generally in those days a "ftp," which was a Spanish sixpence. There was very little to impede the growth of the town, yet Clinton did not grow very fast in those days. The closing out of every mer- chant in the county but one in 1842 give the town a set back; still immi- gration came in and settled up the beautiful prairies, something that in time would be a substantial backing for a town. A town is a convenience — but it is the country that makes towns and villages and supports them. THE lOWN OF CLINTON. They wanted an incorporated town in 1858, and this was the peti- tion: "Whereas a petition was presented to the court signed by sundry citizens of the town of Clinton in this county, praying to have said town incorporated, and setting forth the metes and bounds thereof, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that two-thirds of the taxable inhabitants of said town have signed said petition, and, also, that the prayer of said petition is reasonable, — It is therefore ordered by the court that the said town of Clinton be declared to be incorporated within the following metes and bounds as set forth in said petition, to wit: The southeast quarter of section number three, and that part of the west half of the southwest quarter of section two, lying south of Franklin Street, contained in Davis' Addition to said town, all in town- ship number forty-one (41), of range number 26, and to be known, styled by the name of the "Town of Clinton;" and the court do hereby appoint George H. Warth, William H. Schroeder, William H. Cock, Jerald G. Dorman and Andrew M. Tutt. a board of trustees for said town, accord- ing to the statute in such cases made and provided." February 6, 1858. Thus Clinton became an incorporated town, but at that time, it did not put on any metropolitan airs, or did it seem much impressed with its new honors, still, it was slowly but steadily improving in appearance as well as in population, though it was far from being a large town. In i860, twenty-three years after Clinton was first settled, it boasted •of a population of some 500. This was not a rapid growth, in fact Clin- HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 327 ton had exhibited but little energy or enterprise, being willing to float along with the current. About this time the Abolitionists of the North and the " Fire-Eaters'' of the South, came to an agreement to disagree, and this resulted in a four years' war, and to Clinton of a loss of at least half of her population. The following item was found in the hrst issue of the Advocate, Janu- ary, 1866: "Clinton has a population of 250 inhabitants, white and black." November loth, of the same year, 1866, the boundary of the town of Clinton, was defined, and it is possible it can be traced yet, if the doctor hasn't cut or destroyed the "peach tree" or removed the rock. BOUNDARY OF THE TOWN OF CLINTON. "The west half section No. 2, and the east half section No. 3, town- ship No. 41, of range 26, or in other words : commencing at a rock near a peach tree, in the yard and directly south of the residence of Dr. McLane, running east to the northwest corner of the fair ground ; thence north, to the township line, near one acre, owned by Charles Synder at the north end of Seventh Street; thence west, one mile to the line of George W. Hancock's, or to the northeast quarter of section 3; thence directly south, one mile, to the southwest corner of Oak Grove Cemetery; thence east, on Ohio Street, to the place of beginning." Here, then was the leaven which was to transfer nearly a dead town to life and progress, to raise her up and place her before the people as the " model town." The record of 1845 was duplicated in 1866, and Clin- ton stood at the latter date just where she had stood twenty-one years before in point of population. But when the white-winged angel of peace, which had hovered over our ill-fated country for four long years, found rest for its feet once more, hope took upon itself a spirit shape, and sank into the hearts of the people, nestling there, with whispering of a bright and glowing future, if manhood and womanhood would step to the front. Hope, indeed, told a flattering tale, but it took truth as a companion, and the records of the past eighteen years have proven to the people that they were not deceived. Although Clinton had no flatboats to navigate Grand River, and in fact that stream failed to flow nearer than two miles of her corporate limits, yet she took a start, and clothing herself with energy and enter- prise, and making " progress" her aim, she moved forward, and the cen- sus of 1870 gave her a population of 640. Here was a gain of over 150 per cent, in four years. This seemed to encourage her to greater efforts. New business houses began to appear, handsome residences took shape, and she spread herself, radiating from the public square. In the mean- time, railroad and telegraph facilities had come to hand, she had com- munication with the outside world, and seemed to imbibe some of its 328 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. metropolitan airs. The ghastly sight of board shanties, which had filled the public square, had all been removed, and the town felt a new inspir- ation at the change. THE IRON HORSE. August 23, 1870, was a day of triumph for the people of Clinton and they made the most of it. The bells rang out a joyous peal, the boom of the cannon was re-echoed from the hills and valleys and rolled ove^ the prairies like the voice of heaven's artillery. The people who came from far and near took up the shout of welcome, and amid these evi- dences of joy and good will came the " iron horse," the earth trembling at his tread, his nostrils breathing fire and smoke, bidding defiance to time and distance. The people had gathered three thousand strong, and the day was given ov«r to speech making and rejoicing. Colonel Boudinot of the Cherokee Nation, made an eloquent speech of welcome, followed by the solid Burdette, then the member of con- gress from this district, who gave a history of the iron horse and the road he travels. Then Colonel J. D. Hines, of Harrisonville, gave one of his brilliant off-hand speeches, and this, with some appropriate clos- ing remarks, ended the speaking of the day. Each one of these orators of the day made history. Colonel Boudinot still ranks as one of the ablest men of his nation and stands deservedly high in the confidence of his people. Of him alone we speak. It was that same year that a brewery was started in Clinton, but it succumbed to life's fitful fever, and this was about the only manufacturing establishment of which Clinton could boast at that date, except her splendid flouring mills. However, there was quite a manufacturing fever developed during 1870 and 1871, but it did not materialize. A few meetings were held, some talking was done but it failed to act or germinate in the estab- lishing of manufactories or a manufacturing town. And this is the position of affairs as late as January i, 1883. With the completion to Osceola and to Kansas City or Holden of the present railroad move, the manufacturing interests may take a new lease of life, and germinate into something tangible. It would prove the foundation stone of a pros- perous future. POPULATION OF CLINTON. It is in the population of Clinton that the story of her progress is best told, and so the record is here given, the first few decades taken from local sources : The population of Clinton in 1840 100 The population of Clinton in 1850 250 The population of Clinton in i860 500 The population of Clinton in 1865 250 The population of Clinton, census 1870 640 The population of Clinton, census 1880 2,868 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 329 This last is one of the most surprising gains of any city in the state, a gain of within a fraction of 450 per cent, or more than doubling her population of 1870, every two and a half years. There is another important factor in this matter. Take her popu- lation, say 3,000, and there is probably not another city in the state according to the above population, that can equal her in solid wealth. It may not all find its way on the assessor's book, but it is here, if they will just figure it up. With a new railroad to Osceola, gas works with a pledge of paying $3 per thousand feet of gas for twenty-one years, there will be a chance to invest in lands and coal mines for an income sufficient to meet the expense of gas bills. So the business adjusts itself. To a new res- ervoir of wealth a conduit is attached which will be able to carry it off with equal facility. BEFORE IT WAS FOURTH CLASS. In 1876 the following list of town officers were installed for the year: Trustees — William H. Lawrence, chairman; R. C. McBeth, Frank S. Gobar, Henry Reihl, Martin W. Mann. Collector — Earnest Snyder. City attorney and city clerk — Samuel E. Price. Assessor — Charles Snyder. Treasurer — Harry S. Leonard. Marshal — Asa Smith. Census taker — Samuel B. Crem. Engineer — James B. Burgen. In 1872 J. G. Middelcoff was chairman of the board of trustees, and Dr. S. P. Jennings in 1874 and 1875. The latter year the following con- stituted the board: Trustees elected — S. P. Jennings, J. B. Colt, John Oechsli, James Brannum, Dr. G. Y. Salmon. » A CITY OF THE FOURTH CLASS. The election, which resulted in an almost unanimous vote for a city of the fourth class, having been counted, the next move was for an election for city ofificers. There was considerable maneuvering between the parties to get control of the city affairs, these parties being repub- lican and democratic. The election came off on Tuesday, April 2d, 1878, and below are both tickets and the vote. It was hotly contested: cond. Third. Total. 54 lOI 252 56 65 214 330 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. WARDS. Mayor — First. ^Blatt 97 Bollinger 93 Blatt's majority 38 Marshall- First. Second. Third. Total. *Vernon 73 46 96 215 Jones 108 62 66 237 Jones' majority 22 ALDERMEN— FIRST WARD. '^Britts 93 Snyder 98 *Brannum 91 Hopgood 100 ALDERMEN — SECOND WARD. *Hughes 52 Foote 51 ^Fyke 38 Winzenburg 73 ALDERMEN— THIRD WARD. *Allison 99 Brinkerhoff 73 *Riggins 88 Oechsli . 70 Democrats designated by an *. This gave the Democrats three aldermen out of six and a Demo- cratic mayor, who had the casting vote in the council on a tie. This was claimed as a great Democratic victory, as it was believed the Republicans had a sure thing until the votes were counted. C. A. Calvird was appointed clerk. When the city ofificers became duly installed they very naturally wanted to know what kind of a prize they had drawn, and they directed their attention in the first place to the city finances, and found nothing left to speak of. The Clinton Advocate made the following statement •of the situation to which the "new city" had fallen heir: "The books of the town for the past year were posted in the aggre- gate, at the last meeting of the old town board, and show, April 4, 1878: Expense, all kinds $4,547 08 Receipts, from all sources 3,886 21 Warrants outstanding and unpaid $ 660 87 Sidewalk account outstanding 584 95 Delinquent tax uncollected 985 18 I HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 33 1 This showing leaves the finances of the city in a bad fix for the new board to take hold, inasmuch as the law under which a city of the fourth class operates, will not permit the issuance of warrants unless there is money in the treasury to pay the same. The outstanding sidewalk account, which is inexcusably large, will doubtless continue to outstand, unless there is an attempt at forced collection; and the collections will be extraordinarily good if there is enough of the $985.18 delinquency collected to meet the deficit of outstanding warrants of $660.87. The new board has been left high and dry with no heritage except the expense bills of the old, and the startling figures of $4,547.08, represent- ing the financial ability of the old board to — spend money, to say the least." The impression among the new city officers was, that it was not a very flattering state of affairs, but as they were in office, and the welfare of the city in their keeping, it was necessary to go to work and bring not only order out of chaos, but some money into the city treasury, wherewith to move the wheels of progress, pay the debt and start for- ward on the road to success. To accomplish this the new officers went manfully to work to build up the " Model Town," so-called. THE FINANCIAL EXHIBIT — 1880. At the close of Mayor Blatts' administration of two years, a report of receipts and expenditures was made, which gave a total expenditure for the year of city expenses proper of $2,551.36, and a total disburse- ment of $3,030.83, the reduction of the city debt being $479.47. THE ELECTION OF 1880. The election of 1879 was only for aldermen, and resulted in the choice of Albestus Moore in the First Ward, W. D. Tyler in the Second, and Simon Hirsch in the Third Ward. The election of 1880, was for mayor, marshal and three aldermen, and meant a change all around. For Mayor — T. W. Collins. For Marshal — George Hopgood. For Aldermen — G. Y. Salmon, William W. Bolinger George Hove- meyer. Henry S. Marvin was continued city treasurer. Egbert King received the appointment of street commissioner, and Samuel B. Orem clerk and city attorney. The total delinquent list, real and personal, from 1877 to 1879, inclusive, was reported at $3,466.23. The aldermen elected for 1881, were Wilson H. Bledsoe, first; Gus- tavus C. Hughes, second, and R. C. McBeth in the Third Ward. 33-2 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. June 28, i88r,E. King resigned as street commissioner, and T. H. Rains was appointed. November 22, 1881, Henry S. Marvin resigned as city treasurer, and W. D. Tyler received the appointment. There were no other changes until the following spring election. • I ELECTION OF 1 882. The choice of city officers at this election was, for Mayor— W. D. Tyler, Marshal — George Hopgood, Aldermen — Daniel S. Duden, First Ward; J. S. Fenn, Second Ward,. W. B. Calvird, Third Ward. Mr. E. Marks received the appointment for street commissioner. The city treasurer having been elected mayor, that office was filled by the appointment of William H. Dodge, as treasurer. Thomas P. Bates was made collector, and William Elliott, policeman. FINANCES. The statement at the first meeting of the council after the election of 1880, was to the effect that the city debt then amounted to a little less than $400, and to meet this debt, current expenses, and city improve- ments, it would require $3,500. To raise this sum a levy was made of a city tax of 50 cents on the $100 valuation, and $1 poll. This met all expenses and the debt, and left a balance in the city treasury from the collector's report, April 25, 1882, of $286.93. The collector's return for the two years was : Debit $13,563 S6' Credit 13,276 93 $286 93 The delinquent list which in 1880 had footed up $3,466.23, for the years 1877-8-9, was with the year 1880 added, as follows : Personal delinquent $1,068 66 Real Estate 998 07 $2,066 73 The City of Clinton, is except perhaps a hundred dollars in running accounts, out of debt, and the city treasury held January ist, 1883, $725.84, cash on hand to its credit. SMALL POX SCARE. In January, 1881, it was reported that there was small pox in Clin- ton and the mayor promptly called a meeting of the city council to HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 333 verify the report from the physicians of the city, and to take prompt measures to confine it to as few cases as possible. The meeting of the council was held January 19, 1881, and the city physician reported that he had three cases on hand, and while at that stage of the desease he could not possibly say it was small pox, yet that was his belief and that the symptoms he thought justified him in that belief. This seemed to satisfy the council that the dread disease was among them and active steps were taken to secure a pest house and to confine the cases to those that had been considered in danger by coming in con- tact with those stricken down before the nature of the sickness had been known. At the next meeting of the council Hon. Harvey W. Salmon offered the old brick machine shop to the city, free of charge, as a pest house, and further supplemented his generous offer by an offer to furnish money needed to place it in order for the reception of the sick. The city accepted the kind offer with thanks and no better place could have been chosen while the building was capable of housing all that might be or should become afflicted. On February i, 1881, the scourge might be said to have culminated. Up to that time there had been seventy-seven cases of sickness, thirty of which had been declared small pox and of this number nine had died. At that date there were eleven cases still in the hospital. The citizens met the scourge nobly and worked unceasingly to ameliorate the condi- tion of those stricken with the loathsome pest. This noble action on the part of the citizens met a handsome response from the people of the county, who through their county court donated $500 toward the expense of the citizens in fighting the dread disease. This was the first and the last time this pest had ever invaded the city of Clinton, and there is not much danger for the future, though it is not, of course, free from the visits of strangers who may possibly have the disease in their system and bring it, as was done before. ITS FUTURE. The growth of Clinton has been marked the past few years. That is, it has been greatest since 1876, but came again nearly to a standstill the past year, that of 1882. Very few residences were put up and no business houses of any value. The opening of 1883 seems to hold out more encouraging prospects. The new railroad, when completed, will give it more life, and while many of its citizens think that outside invest- ment will pay them better, strangers will come and make fortunes right under their noses. There is no mistaking the fact that Clinton is a good point for trade and will be better by and by. The situation is such that she has a large country tributary to her, and she is far enough from the 334 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. large markets of Kansas City and St. Louis to hold a market of her own. With a railroad to Holden or completion of the Osceola road would give her many advantages, and that outlet, the writer learns, has been decided upon by the Missouri Pacific Railroad Company. Then her future is sure, if enterprise and public spirit shall be the guide of her business men. The city can well be called the " Model Town," from the beauty of her surroundings and commanding position. Let her busi- ness men also be known in the same manner for their public spirit, energy and enterprise. CHAPTER XXIII. SCHOOLS— CHURCHES— LODGES— DEATH OF GARFIELD. CLINTON PUBLIC SCHOOLS— RETROSPECT— LINCOLN SCHOOL— ACADEMY— COST OF BUILD- INGS—NUMBER OF PUPILS— CHURCHES AND THEIR ORGANIZATIOI^S— NUMBER OF MEMBERS— COST OF CHURCH BUILDINGS— SOCIETIES— A. F. AND A, M.— I. O. O F.— KNIGHTS TEMPLAR— ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER-A. O. U. W.— DEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD. RETROSPECT. The early school history of Clinton varies not at all from the rise and progress of schools in other cities. It has had its drawbacks, and it also has had prosperous times, and while the people can pass over with but little regretful feelings what may have now and then arisen in the path of educational progress, the public schools of Clinton stand to-day a proud monument to the intellectual and progressive spirit of her citi- zens, and a bright omen of a noble future, wherein Christianity and education will go hand in hand. Schools have been kept in Clinton since 1840, and even as far back as 1833 a school was taught within one and a half miles of this spot. It was a private school. Still while Clin- ton has grown and prospered her educational interest has fully kept pace. There was the regular public school kept from year to year, or from winter to winter, with an occasional summer term, but it was not until the tide of returned prosperity set in after the sickening desolation left by the civil war, that the real sentiment of an advanced educational spirit took possession of the people. THE FRANKLIN SCHOOL. In 1868 the citizens became aware that increased school facilities were needed and that a more extended system of education was demanded to meet the requirements of the age. This feeling culmina- ted by the erection of a fine brick school house which was finished in the fall of 1870, and which was thought would fully meet the demand for educational purposes. It is an imposing building, occupying about one square of ground and upon a site which gives it a conspicuous mark for strangers to observe. The structure was completed at a cost of $26,656.35. It was a building and an equipment that the people were justified in feeling proud of. The school opened November i, 1870, with 336 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Prof. Johnson as principal, and the following assistants: Mrs. Will}', Mrs. Devlin, Miss Mary Mitchell, and Misses M. Alice and A. Warth, making a corps of six teachers. Progress has marked every step of its way, and while a kw have seemed to regret the outlay, the great body of the citizens would not be without this magnificent representation of their intellectual culture and progressive spirit of enterprise for much more than it has thus far cost them. AFTER TEN YEARS. For ten years the school kept on the even tenor of its way. Nine months' schooling was given annually to the children and youths of the *' Model City," and so it flourished and prospered. But the city grew and the demand became painfully oppressive upon the school directory for more room. Their beautiful school building became dwarfed. That which was believed would meet the wants for school priviliges for a gen- eration to come, had exhausted its capacity in a single decade. Once more was the question, what shall we do for more room.' There was but one reasonable or sensible answer — build. The close of the school year of 1880-1, clearly showed that to meet the demand of the coming year an addition was necessary, and steps were taken to accomp- lish the desired object. Work was commenced on an addition, 42x47 feet in size, two stories high, of good and substantial brick work. It was completed, and with the furniture cost $6,500, which makes the present school building of Clinton stand in a total cost of $33,156.35, but there are few buildings in the state for school purposes its superior, while there is not a city in the state of the population of Clinton, than can show as fair a monument of educational enterprise as is here exhibited. It is not necessary to say that it is a prosperous school, and that able and experienced teachers have been and are employed. Its record speaks. That record is such that no man could throw so much as even a straw in its way and to its detriment, that could not be accused of the supremest folly. In 1870, six teachers were employed, and in 1882, twelve were found necessary to fill the required places. There is now an enrollment of 765 scholars at the present time, and as above stated twelve teachers are engaged. There names are as follows: Superintendent — Professor C. B. Reynolds. Assistants— Mrs. Carrie D. Price, Mrs. F. M. De La Vergne, Mrs. Sallie Gardiner, Miss Fannie Garth, Miss Tillie Hart, Miss G. S. Gist, Miss Efifie May, Miss Jennie Kennedy, Miss Ella Highrote, Miss lennie Kincannon, Miss Maria Bedford. Here is a small city gathered daily,. yet order reigns supreme. Let them gather the rich fruit now offered them, that they may fill the places a generation to come that are filled by the men and women of to-day. PUP.LIC SCHOOL BUILDINCi AT CLINION. HISTORY OF HEXRV COUNTY. 337 THE LINCOLN SCHOOL. The Lincoln Colored School of Clinton is a commodious frame structure, put up at a cost of some $1,500, and is comfortably finished and furnished. There is in this school an enrollment of 120 scholars and an average daily attendance of about one hundred. Two teachers are employed and every facility and advancement is accorded to them that is found in the Franklin School, which their progress demands or requires. The Lincoln School is well kept, well attended, and its pro- gress is commendable. CLINTON ACADEMY. The Clinton Academy ranks as one of the best private schools in this section of Missouri, its course of education being thorough and its success thus far almost phenomenal. The school was founded in 1879 by Prof VV. H. Stehl, and opened with a list of sixty scholars. After two years of successful work Prof E. P. Lamkin united with him in conducting the same for one year, when Prof Lamkin assumed entire control and is its present propri- etor. Every department is under the charge of a competent instructor, and the school is thorough and and practical in all its details. At the present term eighty pupils are in attendance, and the Clinton Academy has assumed a name and place among the educational institutions of the state. It aims to be as advanced and thorough as any similar insti- tution of the same grade in all its departments, which comprises in its course of study, the classics, scientific and normal departments, etc. Professor Lamkin is assisted by Prof B. F. Milton, Mrs. Hattie Mil- ton, and Miss Miriam Switzer. The musical department is under the charge of Miss Bertha Custer, a lady of rare musical accomplishments, and an instructor of merit and success. The Clinton Academy is in successful operation as the above shows, and is an honor and credit to the city, and should get from it a generous support. In educational facilities, in a high order of instructive talents, and in the handsome manner in which all intellectual progress is sustained, Clinton can be proud of the noble position she holds among the cities of the state. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The Presbyterian Church, of Clinton, was organized February 17, 1866, by a few devoted spirits and the foundation laid for the present influential and successful church organization. The original members were J. A. De la Vergne, Mrs. F. M. De la Vergne, A. S. De la Vergne, Mrs. Catharine Rogers, Matilda Allen, William Moore and Rebecca Moore. When established the church was connected with the Presby- tery of Osage, and its first sacrament was administered on the first Sab- 338 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. bath in April, 1866. The first session meeting was held November 8, 1867, at which time eight accessions were received into the church by- letter and confession of their faith. This meeting was held at the resi- dence of J. A. De la Vergne. For the first few years the church was irregularly supplied, and preaching was had only at stated intervals. The growth of the church, however, had become such by 1870, as to warrant it in securing the ser- vices of a pastor, and a call was made upon the Rev. J. B. Allen, who accepted, and was duly installed and faithfully performed the duties of his calling for some three years and over. Under his charge the church grew, and strengthened with its growth. The church then called the Rev. Rewel Dodd, who became the pastor in 1874, and continued his pastoral duties acceptably until 1879. That year the Rev. R. M. Carson was installed as pastor, but remained only a few months, when he was succeeded by the Rev. Jo-siah Moore, under whose constant care it prospered. The reverend gentle- man closed his pastorate in 1881, and in November of the same year that eminent divine and earnest Christian gentleman, the Rev. John G. Fackler, was installed as pastor. Under his care the church seems to have taken new life. To his earnest, quiet, but energetic, action, the good work goes bravely on, bringing many to the fold, and there they will remain, for his eloquence in the pulpit and the social qualities of the man attracts and endears him to the whole church. At present the congregation is without a church edifice. One was built a few years since at a cost of $2,500, but was sold in 1882. The church has some very eligible lots, upon which a new church is to be erected in the near future, one that will meet the demands of a growing and prosperous church. THEY WERE RECEIVED. In 1876 a Presbyterian church connected with the Missouri Synod (known as the Declaration and Testimony Synod) was organized April 4 of the above year. This church decided upon uniting with the First Presbyterian Church, and thereupon presented a petition, signed by J. G. Middelcoff and twenty others, expressing their desire for union and were received. Present Elders— J. A. De LaVergne. J. G. Middelcoff, E. W. Snyder, J. P. Watkins, S. Rice and E. P. Lamkin. Trustees — E. W. Snyder, E. P. Lamkin, ]. T. McKee, John P. Walkins and Alvin Haynie. Its present membership is no. CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH — AN INCIDENT. In the summer of 1866 the Rev. J. H. Houx, of Warrensburg, Mis- souri, was conducting a revival meeting at the Bear Creek camp ground HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 339 of the M. E. Church, south, in this, Henry County, during which, on the Sabbath day, he was arrested on a writ sworn out by some citizens for violating the law of the land by preaching the Gospel, he having not taken the prescribed oath. This oath was known as the "Drake's Inferno." This fact coming to the knowledge of some of the citizents of Clinton, the reverend gentleman was at once invited to come to Clinton and preach. The following September he accepted, and came to Clinton and preached in the school house, and in October he again came and the court house being occupied the reverend gentleman preached in the open air under the shade of the trees back of the Riggins Hotel, seats having been provided, to a large audience. Mr. Houx continued these meetings monthly until the following February, when a series of revival meetings were held by him and the Rev. H. R. Smith, for some three weeks, resulting in many conversions, and aroused a spirit for good which resulted in the organization of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, on March 4, 1867, with the following named members: G. B. Bell, Joanna Ashby, Henrietta Ashby, D. M. Ray, Thomas B, Riggins, Nancy Riggins, J. W. Riggins, George T. Riggins, D. M. Ray, B. L. Owen, Frances J. Owen, S. F. Miskimmore, Mary L. Kennedy, P. J. Shewsbury, Julia A. Jury, Kate A. Rogers, Medora M. Rogers, R. W. Hendrix, Lizzie Hendrix, Elizabeth Parks, Marion B. Means, Eliza A. Holland, Elizabeth Wells, Rettie R. Royston, Matilda Allen, B. L. Quarles, Sarah A. Quick, Julia Atwood, Mary E. Fields, S. F. Williams, Jane Williams, C. T. Collins, Theresa Collins, Montgomery R. Tutt, Annie Bailey, T. C. Miller, J. W. Miller, W. W. Jackson, Rebecca L. Jackson, J. D. Garner, Mary T. Meece, I. Hurst, Emma Garth, Willis G. Rogers, Adam M. Fulkerson, Angeline Fulkerson, J. Angle, Mattie E. Kennedy, M. D. Collins, Rachel Collison (colored). Ruling Elders: B. L. Owens and B. L. Quarles. The church has been prosperous, has wielded a large influence for good in the community and has at this time 120 members. At the organization the Rev. H. R. Smith was asked to become their pastor, giving the church half his thime. The call was accepted in April, and he came and settled here. He continued his earnest work until the 26th of January, 1872, when the Lord called him home. To his fervid eloquence, constant care and earnest work the church had grown and prospered, and his loss was deeply felt. The church then called to its service the Rev. G. L. Moad, who accepted the pastorate, which he has held for a period exceeding ten years, honored and beloved by his flock, because of his kindly and faithful work. The present elders are John S. Kimbrough, B. L. Quarles, B. L. Owen, W. W. Jackson, S. F. Williams. Deacons — G. F. Warth and J. M, Weidemeyer. 340 HISTORY OF HEXRV COUNTY. The first church was erected in 1868, at a cost of $3,000, but was condemned as unsafe in 1877. The church having grown and the con- gregations large a fine brick church edifice was erected the same year the other was condemed, which was handsomely finished and furnished, .all costing the sum of $9,000. Its future seems fairly bright. M. E. CHURCH. This church was organized on the first Sabbath in June, 1866. There -was not a numerous gathering, neither were many to join the beaten track, but the narrow way. " Tall oaks from little acorns grow," and this church resembles such growth, for while its start was weak yet it was healthy and held the germ of a powerful organization which to-day resembles the giant oak of the forest, strong and enduring, and pro- tected from the storm ot adversity those who came under its protecting care. Mr. S. Jones and Mary Jones were the first members, and they, with the assistance of the Rev. C. E. Carpenter, formed the organiza- tion. In July, 1866, four more members were added, and on March 1st, 1867, thirteen earnest and faithful workers in the Cause of Christ had enrolled themselves as members. It has wonderfully grown and prospered. In 1867, a neatly furnished and handsome brick structure was erected for church purposes, 36x54 feet in dimensions, the whole costing $4,000. There are at this time 140 members belonging to the church. The following have officiated as resident ministers since its organi- zation, and in the order named: Revs. E. C. Carpenter, J. R. Saseen, Laughren, J. W. Newcomb, S. Alexander, R. R. Pierce, A. H. Heimlein and J. N. Pierce. A flourishing Sunday School, with an enrollment of 140 scholars, is connected with the church, under the superintendency of A. J. Blackford. There have been dismissed to other congregations no less than 155 members, and from the membership of the church five ministers have gone forth to work, and work faithfully in the Lord's vineyard. METHODIST CHURCH SOUTH. One of the first denominations to hold religious services in Clinton, was the M, E. Church South, but as all who were then connected witli it have passed beyond the river, or moved to other sections, it is impossi- ble to get data and facts in regard to it. Regular services were held until the war, and after peace was restored the society was reorganized, but the records were not preserved as carefully as they should have been until the present administration, under the care of Rev. J. F. Robb, who has inaugurated a systematic record, which, if continued, the future his- torian will find his task less difficult. The present membership is 44. The society owns a comfortable frame church. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 34I FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. The First Baptist Church of Clinton was organized September 16, 1866, by the Rev. James Wood. Quite an interest prevailed at the time. The following- were the original members: I. N. Barlow, E. A. Barlow, Thomas D. Hancock, William H. Dodge, Sallie Avery, Perez S. Jennings and Laura Jennings. At the close of the service there came forward seventeen persons, who joined the church at once. The church has pros- pered greatly and its congregation is perhaps the wealthiest in the city. In 1869 they erected a fine brick edifice on a commanding site at a cost of nearly $20,000. The church was dedicated October 17, 1869, by the Rev. Thomas Rambant. The following named ministers have officiated in the order named: The Rev. E. T. Brown, Rev. J. W. Warder, Rev. George Kline and the Rev. A. Matchett. The present number of mem- bers is 138. In connection with the church is a flourishing Sunday School, with an enrollment of 125 scholars. It is under the superintendency of Mr. A. C. Avery, who, by earnest labor, has caused it to grow gmd flourish and become a strong pillar of the church and the foundation stone of its future progress. The present deacons are A. C. Avery, P. S. Jennings and J. M. Avery. CHRISTIAN CHURCH. The first meeting of this denomination was held in 1854, by Elder Phenix. Services were afterwards held by Elders Speed and Longan until the outbreak of the war, when, in common with other religious denominations, services were suspended. Of the original congregation only two now remain, Mrs. Conner, formerly Miss Bozarth, and Mrs. Ragland; W. Hancock came soon after the first organization. In 1866 a reorganization was effected by Elder Birge, and although this denom- ination is rather weak in the county regular services have been man- tained although the church has had but two regular pastors. Elders J. A. Ming and N. M. Ragland. The society has a comfortable church edifice costing, when built, nearly $6,000. The number of present mem- bership is about 100. CATHOLIC. This society in 1875 erected a frame building which has cost them $800. COLORED, There are two colored societies. The colored M. E. Church has a brick edifice, and the Baptists have a frame building. 342 HISTORY OF HEN'RY COUNTY. LODGES AND SOCIETIES — K. OF P. Desplain Lodge, No. 34. — This lodge was organized October 15, 1874, with nineteen charter members. It continued until July 10, 1877, when it disbanded. This apparently ended the lodge, but some four years after an attempt was made to resurrect it, to renew a life which should never have been suspended. June 18, 1881, the project of reor- ganization was effected with a membership of twenty-four. The organ- ization at once elected its officers, and were as follows: W. W. Bolinger, C. C; J. T. McKee, V. C; T. W. Collins, P.; S. B. Oram, K. of R. & S.; F. R. Piper, M. of F.; A. Moore, M. of E.; C. H. Griffen, M. at A. Since that time the lodge has proven a success, it membership gradually increasing until it numbers at this date, January i, 1883, forty members. The interest taken in the order is now so strong as to preclude any idea of another disbandment, and its future seems one of decided promise. The election of officers for the present year took place January i, 1883, and were duly installed by C. H. Griffen, D. D. G C. The officers were: W. H. Carpenter, C. C; R. H. Woods. V. C; M. A. Kitchen, P.; T. P. Bates, K. of R. & S.; C. H. Griffen, M. of F.; D. G. Duden, M. of E.; J. Simons, M. at A. I. o. O. F. Clinton Lodge, No. 169, chartered May 22, 1867, had a fine hall handsomely furnished, being in the Fulkerson & Parks building. This and other buildings were burned on the night of November 19, 1876, consuming all of the lodge books, papers and regalia. The lodge prop- erty was insured, and this enabled them to start again under encourag- ing auspices. They received from the grand lodge a new charter, dated May 19, 1877, upon which were inscribed the following names as charter members: W. M. Doyle, W. H. Bledsoe, F. Herkert. James B. Martin, E. L. Foote, M. W. Mann, John N. Barlow, James P. Dimmitt, J. G. Dor- man, A. Gebhardt. The meetings are held weekly and upon Monday nights. This lodge owns a handsome two-story brick building on the corner of Jeffer- son and Grand River Streets, in the second story of which their fine hall is located, with parlor, ante room, etc. The lodge is now and has been for years in a flourishing condition, doing a large amount of good and relieving much distress among the members of its lodge and order. Its present membership now numbers 126, with thirty-two members past grand. The officers now installed are: Daniel B. Ragland, N. G.; Nicholas Hindern, V. G. ; W. B. Calvird, treasurer; Charles S. Robinson, secretary. What amount had been expended previous to the fire could not be ascertained, only partially and from memory, but since the new books have been opened there has been disbursed: HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 343 For relief of sick members $ 599 00 For relief of widows and orphans 442 80 Donations 292 45 Funeral benefits 1 50 00 Total $1,484 25 "And the greatest of these is charity." KNIGHTS TEMPLAR. Boanerges Commandery, No. 34, received its charter June 14, 188 1, with the names of the following charter members: R. F. Stevenson, G. L. Moad, A. F. Wyckoff, J. W. Baldwin, H. W. Grantley, William M. Prier, W. H. Stone, W. H. Lusk, E. C. McCarty, D. C. McNeil. The fol- lowing officers were elected who held for the year 1882, to wit: R. F. Stevenson, E. C; H. W. Grantley, G.; A. Haynie, C. G.; M. A. Fyke, P.; G. Hornmeyer, S. W. ; W. H. Stone, J. W. ; C. T. Collins, Treasurer; I. N. Jones, Recorder; G. L. Moad, S. B.; B. G. Boone, Sword Bearer; A. M. Fulkerson, W. ; E. C. McCarty, C. G. The lodge has been fairly prosperous and numbers thirty-one members. For the year 1883 the following are its officials: H. W. Grantley, E. C; A. M. Fulkerson, G. A. Haynie, C G.; G. L. Moad, P.; W. F. Carter, S. W.; I. N. Jones, J. W. H. F. Chappelar, Treasurer; S. E. Cheek, Recorder; B. G. Boone, S. B. W. A. Moore, Sword Bearer; M. A. Fyke, W. ; G. Hornmeyer, C. G. Ci^INTON ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER NO. 73 was instituted January 9, 1875, by Companion H. L, Tillottson, under the authority of Companion Rufus E. Anderson, Most Excellent Grand High Priest of Missouri, and chartered at a regular convocation of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Missouri, held at St. Louis October 7, 1875, signed by Most Excellent Comp. Charles F. Seavitt, Grand High Priest; Comp. Joseph S. Browne, Deputy Grand High Priest; Comp, William R. Stubblefield, Grand King; Comp. Noah M. Givan, Grand Scribe; Comp. George Frank Gouley; Grand Secretary. The following is a list of the charter members and officers: Comp. Matt A. Fyke, M. E. H. P.; Comp. Benjamin L. Quarles, K.; Comp. E. C. McCarty, Scribe; Comp. C. H. Carpenter, C. H.; Comp William T. Thornton, P. S.; Comp. A. M. Fulkerson, R. A. C; Comp. J. H. Webster, M. third V.; Comp. James Brannam, M. second V.; Comp. Ausby Fyke, M. first v.; Comp. John S. Kimbrough, Treas ; Comp. James A. Austin, Sec; Comp. Lewis P. Beatty, G.; Comp's A. J. Dunham, J. C. Gilliam, G. L. Moad, and others. The first petitions for chapter degrees were presented January 9th, 1875. as follows: George Y. Salmon, J. G. Middelcoff and Henry Riehl, of Tebo Lodge No. 68, Clinton, Mo. 344 HISTORY 01' HENRV COUNTY. John Oechsli and William C. Cashman, of Clinton Lodge No. 48 1, Clinton, Mo., Comp. R. T. Lindsay demitted from Chapter No. 10, Arkansas, and a member of Tebo Lodge No. 68, petitioned for mem- bership. This chapter has prospered ever since, and is now in possession of a good set of furniture and an excellent paraphernalia. The following is a list of the officers for 1883, the members numbering forty-six: Comp. J. G. Middelcoff, M. E. H. P.; Comp. B. L. Quarles, E. K.; Comp. Banton G.Boone, E. S.; Comp. George Hovmeyer, C. of H.; Comp. Alvin Haynie, P. S.; Comp. William F. Carter, R. A. C; Comp. Barney Stearne, M. 3d v.; Comp. L P. Williams, M. 2d V.; Comp. Joseph Pollock, M. 1st V.; Comp. John Oechsli, Treas.; Comp. Hale Montgomery, Sec; Comp. S. E. Cheek, G. This chapter has prospered from the beginning. Its membership is composed of the best men in the county, and ranks high as a chapter in the state. Regular convocation, the first Friday night of each month in Tebo Lodge room. A. F. AND A. M. Tebo Lodge No. 6S, was chartered at a regular communication of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, held at St. Louis, bearing the date Octo- ber 23, 1844, signed by J. W. S. Mitchell, G. M.; Frederick L. Billon, D. G. M.; E. S. Ruggles, S. G. W ; J. F. L. Jacoby, J. G. W., and Richard B. Dallam, G. S., under the seal of the grand lodge, authorizing brothers Andrew M. Tutt as W. M.; John A. Tutt, S. W.; John W Williams, J. W., and several others to meet and work as a lodge of Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons. This lodge met and throve till the beginning of the late civil war, which caused them to suspend labor. In 1866, a number of the old members and other Masons, met at their old hall, and the fol- lowing is a copy of the proceedings of said meeting: Whereas, In consequence of the disturbances existing along the borders of Missouri, during the late civil war in the United States, the members of Tebo Lodge, No. 68, A. F. & A. M., were prevented from meeting and holding their regular communications, thereby forfeiting their charter of said lodge in the year 1861. The cause of these disturb- ances having been removed, and by virtue of a resolution of the grand lodge of Missouri, passed at its May session in May, 1866, restoring said charter, several memV)ers of said lodge met in their hall in Clinton, Henry County, Missouri, on the day of August, 1866, and under the direction of Past Master John A. Pigg, of Sedalia Lodge, No. 236, the lodge was opened on the third degree in due form. Thereupon the following officers were duly elected to serve until the regular election fixed by the by-laws of said lodge. G. Y. Salmon, W. M'; B. L. Quarles, S. W.; William A. Duncan, J. W.; W. H. Cock, Sec- retary; Reuben T. Lindsay, Treasurer; S. D. Garth, S. D.; George F. Royston, J. W.; V. O. Grant, t. ' HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 345 There were present, visiting, Brothers William Settles, of Wells- ville,"Lodge, No. 194; T. H. Dennis, Plattsmouth Lodge. No. 6; N. B.; M. Zener, Newport Lodge, No. 209, Indiana; T. B. Riggins, Jefferson City- Lodge, No. 23. The officers elect being present were duly installed with proper instructions as to their duties by Brother John A. Pigg, past master, aforesaid. There being no further business before the lodge the same was dulv closed until its next regular communication. W.'H. Cock, Secretary. G. Y SALMON, W. M. From that date to the present time, 1883, the lodge has thrived and experienced her "high tides" and "low ebbs," as is the custom of lodges. During which time she has had enrolled on her list, nearly 300 members. She has assisted in instituting and contributed members to six neighbor- ing lodges in her old jurisdiction, and still retains over ninety members^ and ranks among the best lodges of the state. About 1872, this lodge suffered a loss of their hall; having built and furnished in good order, the second story over the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, the founda- tion of which settled, causing the house to crumble, and rendering it unsafe to meet in. The lodge then sold their interest in the lot for a nominal sum to the church, and has since rented hall room, and now occupy a room on the southwest corner of the square, nicely fitted up, furniture, etc., amounting to over $1,000, and are in a flourishing condi- tion. The officers for the current year are : Hale Montgomery, W. M.; W. H. Allison, S. W.; J. L Hinkle, J. W.; Harry Kemp, S. D.; George Rains, J. D.; L P. Williams, S. S.; Joseph White, J. S.; James Spangler, Treas.; J. G. Middleoff, Sec; Wesley Lowdermilk, T. Among old papers was found the following copy of returns sent to grand lodge in 1858, of work done and membership: Number initiated during year, 10; number passed during year, 12; number raised during year, 11; number admitted on demits during the year, 5; number demitted during the year, 8; number of deaths during the year, 2. Officers, 1858— J. W. Settles, W. M.; B. L. Ouarles, S. W.; S. P. Ashby, J. W. ; J. G. Thornton, Jr., Treas.; S. M. Shrewsbury, Sec; A. M. Tutt, S. D.; S. D. Garth, J. D.; W. M. Bozarth, T. Past Masters— Robert Allen, J. G. Morton, Jr., A. M. Tutt, W. M. Bozarth. Roll of members, 1858: B. L. Owens, M. A. Stuart, B. F. Ashby, J. S. D. Blevens, J. O. P. Hargus, C. E. Cruce, G. W. Cruce, R. T. Lindsay, Benjamin Childers, P. F. Genoway, P. B. Sharp, Thomas L. Shipp, William Martin, J. H. Gilliam, S. C. Washburn, W. W. Wood, G. F. Warth, T. B. Cummins, D. T. Terry, Daniel Stewart, J. W. Askew, C. K. Dodge, William H. Peer, William McCann, William H. Westfall. C. P. Faris, Wessley Harbert, L M. Cruce, Sof. Cruce, D. C. Stone, William Paul, M. R. Gillett, J. H. Webster, P. Wise, F. P. Hibler, W. H. Hines, 34^ HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. V. O. Grant, W. W. Collins, C. T. Collins, W. J. Dunn, William Hurburt, W. H. McConnell, C. H. Farley, D. A. Gillespie, J. S. W. Comb. Stated communications on the nights of the first and third Satur- days of each month. Clinton Lodge, No. 481. — Dispensation was granted June 24, 1874, and their charter received under date of October 13, 1874, with the fol- lowing charter members: W. C. Cashman, C. M. Fyke, B. L. Quarles, W. Griffin, C. H. Carpenter, H. K. Davis, N. B. Riggins, M. A. Fyke, A. M. Fulkerson, J. P. Botkins, John Oechsli and J. Wrightman. The order has gradually enlarged its sphere of operations, increased its strength and steadily gaining in number and influence. The following members have held the office of W. M.: B. L. Quarles, 1875-6-7; M. A. Fyke, 1878; A. P. Ferguson, 1879-80; G. Hovmeyer, 188 1; A. P. Ferguson, 1882. Pres- ent officers, 1883: A. P. Ferguson, W. M.; E. L. Foote, S. W.; I. N. Jones, J. W.; J. Wrightman, treasurer; W. Ellis, secretary. A. O. U. w. There is quite a flourishing lodge of the above order in Clinton, but its history could not be secured, although several applications were made for it. DEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD. When the fatal result of the assassin's work had been flashed over the land there came up from the hearts of the people a wail of sorrow from one extent of the country to the other. Every heart was bowed, and there was a hush for a time as if the pulse of the nation had ceased to beat. The man was forgotten, but the death" of a president by assass- ination was a severe shock, and from every hill and valley, from palace and hovel alike, came forth the sound of sorrow and sadness at the nation's loss, and pity welled up in the hearts of all for the weeks of suf- fering the president had endured ere death claimed him for his own. Clinton mourned with others at his death and appropriate funeral cere- monies were performed, all business being suspended. An eloquent and very impressive sermon was delivered by the Rev. J. G. Fackler. A few impressive words were spoken by the Rev. J. N. Pierce, a speech by C. H. Snyder, and the sorrowful event was closed with music and prayer. Time will pass on, but memory will cling to the tragic death of James A. Garfield, and the sad event will go down in history and mark a black spot upon the history of political struggles. ' CHAPTER XXIV. THE BAR, PRESS, BANKS AND BUSINESS. THE EARLY BAR-CLINTON BAR— THE PRESS— WHO OWNED THEM— BANKS AND BANK- ING-THE BUSINE-SS INTERESTS OF CLINTON— THE DIRECTORY OF 1874— THE DIREC- TORY OF 1883— MANUFACTURES— FLOUR, CARRIAGE AND WAGON AND CIGAR— ITEMS OF INTEREST WHICH CALL I O MIND SEVERAL THINGS-AN INTERESTING CHAP- TER OF BIOGRAPHIES AMD BUSINESS -A COMBINATION OF BRAINS AND ARTIbTIC SKILL-INCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTS. THE EARLY BAR. Very few members of the Henry County bar of to-day remember the early practitioners, or know anything of riding the circuit. There was a good deal of hard work and hard riding connected with the first sessions of courts in this county, and in fact in nearly all the counties. Long and dreary rides through an unsettled country often became monotonous, and it was then that the legal lights of early times cracked their jokes and laughed long and heartily over the amusing incidents in their circuit. Unfortunately it is impossible at the present day to obtain any personal reminiscences which would, in themselves, form an inter- esting chapter. The first bar was a strong one, composed of big brained, large hearted, good natured gentlemen, whose rugged health and lively spirits added a wholesome zest to their rattling intellectual encounters and hard fought battles in the legal arena. Judge Charles H. Allen held the first circuit court at Goff's, in August, 1835, and William B. Almond, at that time a rising member of the bar of North Missouri, came before the court as circuit attorney. The record ofthat court has been lost. Just who stepped to the front in those days would be hard to tell, but among those who led in the legal con- tests was John F. Ryland, of Lafayette County, afterwards a judge of the circuit; in fact, followed Judge Allen in 1837. Then, in 1838, came Wil- liam McCord and the genial Dewitt McNutt, who rode the circuit and could get off a story in a manner that would drive dull care away, even if the mud was deep and the streams out of their banks. They were admitted to practice in the circuit court in 1838. Judge Foster P. Wright was also an attorney in those days, but it cannot be said that his future 348 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. success and popularity was very discernible at that early day. Judge Wright has grown with his years. James L. English was another of the stars that shown in the legal firmament of those da}'s. Samuel L. Sawyer and Robert L. Stewart asked to be admitted and were at the July term, 1839, and in the month of July of the following year came Hamilton Carmichael. Waldo P. Johnson was an attorney at that time. There were many others that tried their legal ability between 1840 and 1850. William Steele was one. Thomas Raffin was another, and he proved a man of ability and secured a large practice. Mark L. Means became a lawyer in 1845, and many other names might be added to the list. Henderson Young and Robert G. Smart, both afterwards served as. circuit attorneys. These men were not residents of Henry or Rives County, but practiced in her courts. Asa C. Marvin was a resident and so was L. C. Marvin, the lawyer and preacher. The former was a member of both houses of the legislature, and the latter a member of the house and its speaker in 1862-63. Dewitt C. Ballou, who was also judge of this circuit, was another who rode the circuit and rode it well. The names of those who came later is familiar to most of our readers, and quite a number of those that are here mentioned rose to a high place among the legal lights of their day. They shone as bright stars in the legal firmament ; their names have lived after them, and will go down in history, bearing with them bright, laurel wreaths of legal victories, won, or the judicial fairness which ever characterized those who wore the ermine. Thus has been slightly sketched a few of the noted names which have graced the legal forum in days agone, and whose memories are cherished with fervor, because of the proud monument they have left of noble natures and great legal attainments. CLINTON BAR. The present bar of Clinton is a body of courteous gentlemen, whose legal attainments will compare most favorably with the best lawyers of the state. Following will be found a list of the names, with short sketches of those who now constitute the bar of Clinton. JUDGE J. B. GANTT. This gentleman is a native of Georgia, having been born in Putnam County in that state, October 26, 1845. He commenced reading law in the office of Col. L. N. Whittle, one of the prominent lawyers of Macon, Georgia, and of that state. He graduated at the university of Virginia in i858, then removed to St. Louis, and was there admitted to the bar by Judge Rombauer, of the circuit court. After one year of practice, Judge HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 349 Gantt made Clinton his home, reaching here July i6, 1869, and entered the law firm of R. Allen & Co., as a partner, the other partners being Judge James Parks, and William T. Thornton, now of New Mexico. Judge Gantt retired from the firm in 1875, and removing to Sedalia, entered into partnership with George G. Vest, now United States senator. This partnership lasted two years, when the Judge again turned his eyes towards Clinton, and in 1877 made this city his permanent home. In the year 1880, Judge Gantt received the nomination and was elected judge of the Twenty-second Judicial District of our state, which he has graced with a rare judicial judgment, and his courteous treatment of the bar has won him the confidence and esteem of all. HON. JAMES PARKS. In the early settlement of Missouri, no state was more largely rep- resented than Kentucky — in many instances her sons and daughters being among the earliest pioneers. Peyton and Almira Parks, the parents of Hon. James Parks, were born in Kentucky, where they were married in 1826. During the follow- ing year, October 28, 1827, James was born and was brought by his par- ents to Cooper County, Missouri, where they arrived in the winter of the same year. They remained in Cooper County until 1834, when they emigrated to Henry County, the same being at that time, but little more than a wilderness, where roamed unmolested the wild animal, and the scarcely less wild Indian. Being possessed of strong arms and a brave heart. Mr. Parks reared his home, nothing daunted, and industriously applied himself to the duties before him, having an abiding faith in a better time coming. His wife died in 1847 (September), and he, after witness- ing the growth of Henry County — covering a period of nearly half a century — also passed away in November, 1880, respected by all who knew him. James obtained such an education as was afforded by the common schools of Henry County (which were very imperfect at best) in addi- tion to what instruction was given him at home. In 1862 he commenced the study of law, and during the year fol- lowing he received the appointment of county and circuit clerks for Henry County, which positions he filled until January, 1867, in the mean- time continuing his study of the law. When his term of office expired he obtained a license to practice and soon worked up a good business. In 1878 he was elected judge of the probate court and again elected in 1882, his term of office expiring in 1887. The judge is a member of the Masonic order. 350 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. He was married December 24, 1850, to Miss Mary J. Allen, a native of North Carolina. They have six children, whose names are as follows: Almira F., Laura A., Peyton A., Mattie E., Susan and Anna A. HON. FREDERICK E. SAVAGE is the seventh child of John and Margaret (Frizell) Savage, and was born in Lewis County, Kentucky, August 12, 1836. His educational advan- tages were excellent. Besides attending the common schools of his county he was a student of Delaware College, Ohio, where he received a collegiate education. In 1856 he began the study of law under the instruction of J. B. Houston, Esq., at Washington, Kentucky, and after pursuing his studies for six months he entered the law office of S. Hol- brook, at Clarksburg, in the same state. There he remained for one year, when he went to St. Louis, Missouri, where he continued to read law in the office of Judge William T. Wood until December, 1857, when he came to Henry County, Missouri, and located at Clinton, the county seat. In 1858 he entered upon the practice of law, continuing therein until 1861, when he enlisted as first lieutenant in Company A, Owens' Battery, Southern army. After being in the army six months he resigned and returned to his native state, where he resided about a year, when he again enlisted in the Southern army, this time joining Com- pany C, Seventh Cavalry, General John Morgan's command, with which he served as a faithful and gallant soldier until the close of the war. In 1865 he located in Scott County, Kentucky, and commenced teaching school, continuing said occupation until November, 1868, when he returned to Clinton, Missouri, and immediately resumed the practice of law. In 1874 he was elected judge of the probate court, the duties of which he faithfully and ably administered for four years. He filled the ofifice of county attorney, one term by appointment. In May (20) 1874, he was united in marriage to Miss L. M. Mallory, who is a native of Scott County, Missouri. ROBERT C. MCBETH. The subject of this sketch, who has a state reputation in legal requirements, was born in Harrison County, Ohio. October 4, 1838. Here he was raised until his twenty-first year, having received a fair educa- tion, when he entered the law office of, at that time, a prominent lawyer, G. W. Mcllvaine, who, at this writing is one of the judges of the supreme court of Ohio. Judge McBeth, on the completion of his studies, was admitted to the bar at New Philadelphia, where he at once engaged in a successful practice, which he continued for some time, being prosecuting attorney of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, four years. At the end of that HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 351 time, or at the close of the war, the western fever struck him and he came to Missouri, stopping a short time in Warsaw, Benton County, but finally settling in Clinton in the year 1866. He has held a promi- nent position at the Henry County bar for years, was for one term judge of the common pleas court, which had concurrent civil jurisdiction with the circuit court, but declining further service has since given his atten- tion to the law. He has secured a very lucurative practice and is at this time at the highth of his legal powers, a good speaker and an adept in legal technicalities. Judge McBeth is something of a politician, promi- nent in the council of the Republican party of his county and state, and has secured to himself a handsome competency. BANTON G. BOONE was born in Callaway County, Mo., October 23d, 1838. His father, Ban- ton G., was a native of Madison County, Kentucky, and his mother, Elizabeth Boone, was a native of the same state. He received such educational advantages as his own indomitable energies afforded. At the age of fourteen he entered a printing office in Troy, Lincoln County, to learn the printing business. In 1856 he became a resident of Clin- ton, Henry County, Mo., and soon after was appointed deputy circuit clerk, and held the position four years. He improved his leisure hours of day, with hours of night, fitting himself for the practice of law, and in 1859 '"'e was admitted to the bar by Judge Foster P. Wright. His standing in the legal profession has been gained only by hard and unre- mitting study. A laborious student with a clear analytical mind, clear- ness and quickness of perception, and prompt in application he has every element which combine the lawyer and counselor. Mr. Boone has become prominently connected with the political history of the state. In 1874 he was nominated by the democrats as a candidate for ^ the legislature, and elected by a handsome majority. He was declared Mie nominee of his party in the caucus for speaker, his opponents being General James Shields and M. V. L. McLelland. He was subsequently elected by a vote of ninety-six to twenty-four, J. L. Bittinger, of Buchanan, being his republican opponent. He proved to be a man well fitted for the position, and his impartiality and unpartisan conduct, together with his uniform fidelity to the public good won for him the regard of the entire general assembly. In 1872 he was a candidate before the convention for attorney general, and came within one-third of a vote of being the nominee. Politically he is a staunch democrat, and from boyhood he has taken an active interest in all political matters. He is a close student and fondly devoted to the profession of his choice, and his future eminence lies in the legal arena, where his natural and acquired qualifications opens up to him a nobler aspiration and more 352 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. enduring fame. He was married June 4th, 1874, to Miss Irene C. Rogers, a daughter of the late Dr. John A. Rogers, a prominent physi- cian and one of Clinton's early settlers. Their family consists of two children, Bessie and Britts Gorman. MATTHEW A. FYKE, ESQ. Prominent among the members of the bar of Henry County is Mat- thew A. Fyke. He was born in Union County, Illinois, May 27, 1848, and is the fourth child of Josiah A. and Margaret Fyke. His parents emigrated from Tennessee to the former state in their youth, and were reared in Union County, where they were married and where they now reside. Matthew received a good, practical education, and in 1866, when eighteen years of age, commenced the study of law in the office of Thomas E. Merritt, Salem, Illinois. He continued the study of law for the period of three years. In the meantime, however, he taught school in order to raise funds for his own support, while completing his studies. In May, 1869, he was licensed to practice law by the supreme court, of Illinois. He practiced his profession for six months in his native count}', but having a desire to move further west, believing that the western country offered superior advantages to the ambitious and energetic, of whatever trade or profession, he left Illinois and came to Henry County in 1871, locating at Clinton, where he still resides. Industriously apply- ing himself to his profession his business has gradually increased until he now enjoys a lucrative practice. He is not only a good lawyer, but is a successful business man, being one of the stockholders of the Henry County Bank. Mr. Fyke is a member of the Blue Lodge, Chapter and Commandery, and is also a member of the Knights of Pythias. He was united in marriage October 19, 1871, to Miss Jennie Bennett, who was also a native of Illinois. Mrs. Fyke died May 2, 1873. They had one •child, Jennie B. SAMUEL B. ORExM is a native of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, and he was born July 16, 1837. His father, Jonathan Orem, a native of Pennsylvania, married Elizabeth Buchanan, a native of New Jersey. When S. B. was eighteen years of age he removed to Jersey County, Illinois, and until 1862 taught school. He then enlisted in Company K, Ninety-seventh Illinois Infantry, j and was commissioned first lieutenant. In the winter of 1863 and the spring j of 1864 he served as assistant quartermaster at New Orleans. At the 'i battle of Fort Blakely he was wounded in the leg and was in the hos- pital until mustered out of service in July, 1865. Until 1866 he was employed in the plantation department of the Freedmen's Bureau. He then returned to Jersey County, Illinois, and in 1868 came to Clinton HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 353 and soon after he was appointed deputy county clerk. He also filled the position of deputy sheriff and deputy circuit clerk. In 1875, in con- nection with I. N. Jones, he published the Advocate, and after two years journalistic experience, he engaged in the practice of law. In 1880 he was elected city attorney. He was married June 11, 1871, to Miss Eliza E. Darby a native of New York. They have two children, Herbert H. and Arthur D. CHARLES T. COLLINS was born in Fayette, Howard County, Missouri, February 22, 1833, and reared there until seventeen years of age. During three and a half years of this time he was a student in Central College, Fayette. He then removed to Clinton and commenced clerking in a mercantile house and pursued this avocation until the outbreak of the war, when he enlisted in a company of Missouri State Guards commanded by Captain Owens, but on account of disability he served only a short period. In the autumn of 1862, he went to Macon City, Missouri, residing there until July, 1864; then to Clay County, Illinois, where he lived one year and then returned to Clinton and resumed his former business of salesman with different firms until 1872, when he entered the law office of Fyke & Ladue. After applying himself assiduously for three years he entered into partnership with Mr. Fyke. He is a safe, reliable and successful attorney, and the firm of Fyke & Collins has a reputation not bounded by county limits. Mr. Collins was married January 6, 1868, by Miss Emma Moore, who died July 23, 1870. He was again married May 24, 1876, to Mrs. Mollie Bradley, whose maiden name was Skinner. They have two children: Edna E. and Birdie S. CLEMENT C. DICKINSON, one of the rising attorneys of Henry County, is a native of Prince Edward County, Virginia, and was born December 6, 1849. He is a classical scholar and was graduated from Hampton and Sidney College. From 1868 until 1872 he was principally engaged in teaching school in Kentucky. In 1872 he came to Clinton, where, for three years, he was engaged in teaching, occupying his leisure hours in preparing himself for the practice of law. He was admitted to the bar in 1876 and in the fall of that year elected prosecuting attorney which office he held with signal ability and success, until January i, 1883. As a lawyer he is a pleas- ant speaker and full of brilliant ideas and sound logic and he has proven himself a successful practioner. He was married December, 1882, to Miss Mattie Parks, a daughter of Judge James Parks of this city. 23 354 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. HANNIBAL II. ARMSTRONG is a native Missourian, having been born in Lincoln County, this state,, but may be considered a Henry County boy, having arrived in this county at the tender age of two years. He was born November 3, 1852. He is a graduate of the Kentucky State University, at Lexington, Ken- tucky. He finished his studies in 1871, and in 1872, entered the law office of McBeth & Price, where he remained for three years, and was admitted to the bar in 1875, and also held the office of city attorney for one year. An absence for nearly two years in Texas, from 1876 to 1878, in which he was engaged in farming, gave him, on his return to Clinton, greater zest for his profession, and he now ranks as one of the leading attorneys among the younger members of the bar. He is a rising legal light, a good talker, good student, and in fact endowed with those quali- ties which makes the lawyer and the man. He was married July 19, 1882, to Miss Lucy J. Harris, of Texas. SAMUEL E PRICE is a native of Ohio and he was born in Carroll County, October 26, 1841. He was educated at the McNeeley Normal School in Harrison County, that state. Having selected the practice of law as his life vocation he entered the office of J. C. Hance, a prominent attorney of New Phila- delphia, Ohio, and after a thorough preparation he was admitted to the bar in Carroll County. He remained in the office of his preceptor until the fall of 1865 and in December of that year he removed to Warsaw,^ Benton County, Missouri, where he practiced one year and then removed to Clinton, Henry County, He formed a partnership with Judge R. C. McBeth which continued until July, 1874, when they dissolved. In 1877 Mr. Price associated himself with J. Blackford and this firm continued until May, 1880, since which period he has conducted his practice alone. He is careful and methodical and to this may be attributed much of his. success. He was married July 20, 1870, to Miss Carolina D. Smith, a native of Ohio. They have one son, John J. THEODORE W. COLLINS was born in Boone County, Ohio, December 9, 1843. He received an academic education at the Ohio Valley Academy, of Decatur, that state. He enlisted in the Federal army during the late war in Com- pany E, Tenth Cavalry Regiment, serving over one year. Seven months of this time was spent as drill master of Marsh's battalion. After his discharge he, in 1864, re-enlisted in the Fourth Ohio Regiment, which was on escort duty, being General Howard's body guard in the march to the sea. After returning home he was engaged in teaching in his native HISTORY OV HENRY COUNTY. 355 State until 1867. when he removed to Macon City, Missouri, and taught school until 1869, devoting his leisure hours to the study of law in the office of Williams, Jones & Brock. He was admitted to the bar in Macon County, and in 1869 settled in Clinton and commenced the prac- tice of law. He has both talents and ability and first-class business qualifications which he is utilizing in carrying on a heavy insurance bus- iness. His mind runs more to that than law and he makes little effort to secure a practice in the profession. He has held the position of mayor of Clinton and is active in educational matters. He was married August 2, 1868, to Miss E. Johnson, of Pennsylvania. They have two children, Carl F. and Maud E. CHARLES A. CALVIRD is a native of St. Clair County, Missouri, and he was born April 27, 1854. His youth was spent on a farm. He commenced the study of law in the office of M. A. Fyke, and was admitted to the bar in Henry County in February, 1875, and though young in his profession, in 1878-9, held the office of city attorney of Clinton. His career has been one of honest, continued and successful effort, and he has a bright and promising future before him. He was married March 30, 1881, to Miss Flavia Lindsay, a native of this county, and a daughter of J. Lindsay, one of Henry County's most worthy citizens. They have one daughter, Enid. ALVIN HAYNIE was born in Winchester, Scott County, Illinois, on March 3, 1847. At the age of ten years his father removed to DeWitt County, Illinois, where the subject was raised and educated, receiving a good English education in the common and normal schools of Illinois. He served in the Federal army during the late war as a private. At the age of nineteen he entered the law office of the Hon. H. S. Green, a prominent railroad lawyer of that state, and remained two years, when he was admitted to the bar in May, 1868, being then twenty-one years of age. In July, 1881, after several years of successful practice in Illinois, he removed to Clinton, Henry County, and commenced at once the practice of his profession, where he holds a well deserved and prominent place, which his natural qualifications and hard study have given him. He was married Novem- ber 26, 1872, to Miss Olive R. Longmate. Their family consists of two children: William L. and Frank. Mr. Haynie has attained to the degree of Knight Templar in the Masonic fraternity. ROBERT E. LEWIS, the prosecuting attorney of Henry County, was born in the neighboring county of Cass April 3, 1857. In 1866 the family removed to Callaway 356 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. County, Missouri. He was educated at Westminster College, Fulton, Missouri, and while teachincr for three years pursued his law studies. On moving to Clinton in March, 1880, he entered the law office of Judge J. B. Gantt, and from whose office he was admitted to the bar in 1881. Mr. Lewis was elected to the office of prosecuting attorney of Henry County at the election of 1882, and has a splendid field to develop whatever of talent he may possess in the high and honored profession in which he has made a life engagement. JULIUS C. JENNINGS first came to Clinton, Missouri, in 1871. He is a native of Kennebeck County, Maine, and he was born February ii, 1853. He received his education at the Maine Wesleyan College at Kent's Hill, that state. After coming to Clinton he was for several years engaged in teaching school and studying law with C. B. Wilson. In 1875 he removed to Indiana, where for two years he held the position of superintendent of the city schools of Covington, and the following two years a similar position at Russelyille, that state. In 1879 he returned to Henry County, Missouri, and began the practice of law, making his residence at Cal- houn for two years. The past two years he has made his home in Clin- ton, where he is steadily working into a good practice. EDWARD A. GRACEY is a native of White County, Tennessee, and he was born May 22, i860. He received a liberal education and commenced the study of law in the office of D. L. Snodgrass, at Sparta, Tennessee, at the age of eighteen years, and in 1878 and 1879 attended the law school at Lebanon, Ten- nessee, and was admitted to the White County bar in October, 1880. In February, 1881 he came to Clinton, Missouri, and entered the law office of Hon. B. G. Boone and again admitted to the bar in August of that year. May 22, 1882, he was appointed a justice of the peace and the following November he was elected to this office. From his natural talents and studious habits, a bright and promising future is sure to be realized. He was married September 6, 1882, to Miss OUie Blakemore, a native of Henry County, Missouri. THOMAS MARION CASEY. The subject of this sketch is a native of Henry County, having been born in Shawnee Township, April 25, 1858. He was reared upon a farm and took a liking to the business, but was anxious to have a thorough education. In this he was supported by his parents. Having received the rudiments of an English education, and otherwise fitted himself in HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 357 an advancement for a thorough collegiate course, he entered the Cum- berland University, of Lebanon, Tennessee, in the opening fall term, 1877, in the nineteenth year of his age. He made rapid progress and graduated with high honors from the literary department in 1881. He returned home for the summer vacation, and in the fall again returned to Lebenon and entered the law department, which has become famous for its thorough course of studies, and the number of legal lights that claim it as their Alma Mater. In June, 1883, he graduated from the law department, received his diploma, and was admitted to the bar. Armed with the proof of his talents and hard study, he again returned home, and soon after entered the law office of the Hon. Banton G. Boone, where for nearly a year he has steadily pursued his legal studies, and will undoubtedly become a member of the bar of Henry County. IHE PRESS OF CLINTON. « There are but few towns of the state outside of the metropolitan cities which have had a more able and entertaining public press than Clinton. The press has done much to advance the material prosperity of the town and it should be encouraged by a liberal support. The character of the citizens of a town or city is known and judged by its press, and in very many cases a newspaper has been in advance of the people, yet the press itself has not done justice to the extent of its power for good, because the people with whom it lived gave it but a meager, if not a sort of starvation support. Let the citizens give their newspapers a generous subscription and advertising patronage, and in the end they will reap a threefold benefit. It is bread cast upon the waters, to be returned after many days. FIR.ST PAPER. The first paper published in the City of Clinton was known as the Clinton Journal, and the first number was issued April 26th, 1858. Its publisher was Isaac E. Olney, who remained with it until it suspended in the year 1861, on account of the then opening of the civil war. The paper might have been said to have been neutral in political matters, the editor devoting his time to local affairs, of town and county. He received the official printing of the county, and in the year 1858 received $49.50 for publishing the first financial statement of Henry County ever given to the public. Mr. Olney removed from Clinton in the summer of 1861, to Garnet, Kansas, at which place it is said he died some years since. Clinton was then a small town of less than 500 inhabitants, and the paper, which was a seven column sheet, columns fourteen ems, pica, wide, was really a credit to the place. 358 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. THE ADVOCATE. During the time of the civil war, no paper was published in Clinton or in Henry County, until January 22, 1866. The Advocate was then started by G. Sellers, and the same year Mr. Will H. Lawrence bought an interest and the firm was Sellers & Lawrence. Mr. Will H. Law- rence purchased the paper in 1867 and continued its editor and proprietor for eight years and over, leasing the office to Mr. L N. Jones, March i, 1873, for one year. The Advocate was Republican in politics, and was •one of the most influential weeklies of the party in the state, and still continues to hold a leading position in its party and in this section of country. Mr. L N. Jones took charge as above stated, with W. N. Pick- erill as his editor. A Mr. Palmer was associated with him a short time. At the end of the year, Mr. Will H. Lawrence having returned, he again took possession from March 5, 1874. Mr. Lawrence continued its publi- cation until December 9, 1875, although from September 30, 1875, to above date, it was again in Mr. Jones' hands, as Lawrence was on a visit to New Mexico. On December 9, 1875, as above dated, Mr. Lawrence finally closed his connection with the Advocate forever and sold the same to L N. Jones and Samuel B. Orem. These gentlemen took charge and for the first time in the history of Clinton journalism employed a local or city editor, and it is no reflection whatever to say that neither •before or since has the local columns of the Advocate sparkled with such life and light, as while under control of Mrs. Kate M. Jones. Mrs. Jones had been connected with the paper for many years and was known far and wide as a " lightning compositor." She could set up, justify and correct her sticks, from 16,000 to 18,000 ems of solid nonpa- reil in the space of ten hours, and did set up 1,922 ems of solid nonpa- reil in one hour. Perhaps the av^erage citizen does not know how fast work that is, but a printer and those connected with newspapers know that there is not over one in a thousand printers who can perform that feat. To an outsider it can be explained as being somewhat of the nature of a railroad train going so fast as to make the telegraph poles assume the appearance of a picket fence while riding along. The firm of Jones & Orem continued until February 8, 1877, when Mrs. Kate M. Jones bought Mr. Orem's interest, and the firm's name was changed to I. N. Jones & Co. This continued until February 28, 1878, when Mr. Jones having been confirmed as postmaster of Clinton post office, Mrs. Jones took full possession of the office, assuming editorial as well as proprietary control. This continued until August 8, 1878, when Mrs. Jones sold the office to W. H. and J. B. Davis. These gentlemen remained only a little over a year, and then sold the paper to O. L. and C. H. Newton December i, 1879. Owing to ill health and death in the family of one of the proprietors, they only conducted the paper about HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 359 nine months, when they sold it, August 19, 1880, to Mr. S. C. Mace, the present proprietor, who has kept up the paper to its previous standard •of excellence, and it is still the organ of its party in this section of the state. Mr. Mace came from Illinois, where he had conducted in past years the Greenville (Illinois) Advocate and the Belleville Republican, and was also connected with the St. Louis Tribune. Mr. Mace has a model office, well equipped with all the necessary material for a first class newspaper and job office, with a power press and one of the most beautiful little steam engines to be found anywhere. The mechanical department is under the charge of Mr. T. O. Smith, who fully sustains its character as a first class newspaper and job office. On January 29, 1883, the proprietor of the Advocate started a daily — a handsome six column newspaper, the first issued, and with bright prom- ises for success. THE DEMOCRAT. This paper, as the name implies, is the representative of the Demo- cratic party in Henry County. It first threw its banner to the breeze in 1868, and its editor was Mr. Joshua Ladue. The paper was purchased by W. H. Davis in the, spring of 1872, who began to improve it, and give it life. He purchased a power press in June 1872, and adding other new material, he was soon in possession of a first class office. He was an aggressive editor and although on friendly personal terms with Mr. Law- rence, of the Advocate, the political spats w^ere often, and sometimes pretty severe on both sides."' Mr. Davis continued sole proprietor until 1S74, when Mr. William T. Thornton, one of the rising young men of Clinton, and possessed of wealth, united with Mr. Davis, and the firm was Davis & Thornton. This continued until 1876, when Mr. Thornton had been elected to the legislature, and Mr. Davis, wishing to try his fortune in another business, the office was sold to Mr. Benjamin R. Lingle and Mr. Frank Mitchell, September 10, 1876. Mr. Thomas J. Lingle bought his brother Benjamin's interest August 28th, 1877, the firm's name remaining the same until 1878, when George R. Lingle united with his brother Thomas, by purchasing the interest of Mr. Mitchell, aud the firm's name was changed to Lingle Bros. These gentlemen are still editors and proprietors, and the Democrat is on this 1st day of January, 1883, stronger in influence, more solid financially, and enjoying a greater degree of prosperity than ever before in the his- tory of the paper. It has, also, its power press, all the paraphernalia of a model office, is published in its own building, and is wielding a strong and successful influence in the ranks of the democratic party. Its new office is situated on the first floor of the new Democrat block, and is one of the best arranged and convenient offices in the state. The Lingle Bros, attend strictly to business, overseeing in person the busi- 360 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ness and mechanical departments, as well as the editorial. Their suc- cess may be attributed in a larjje measure to this close attention to business, combined with a practical knowledge of it in all its parts, and close economy in its management. The success which has thus far attended their efforts is well deserved, and as Clinton shall grow in pop- ulation and wealth, the Democrat will enlarge and keep step to the music of progress, and like its neighbor, continue to be an institution of which the people of Clinton and Henry Counties may well be proud. THE CLINTON ENTERPRISE. This paper was started in the year 1872, November 9th of that year, and was under the charge of L. G. Schofield, who failed to make it a success. He published it about a year, and then sold out, the material becoming the property of Will H. Lawrence. The latter took the mate- rial to Fort Worth, Texas, started a paper and sold out within a year. The Southwest Missouri Look Out was the name of a paper which succeeded the Enterprise, but like the latter, it soon climbed the golden stair. Drs. Birge and Miller were the proprietors. CLINTON NEWS. This paper first came into existence in the year 1873, by W. S. Walker, and like its predecessor, the Enterprise, failed to coin ducats, and succumbed to the inevitable. At that time Clinton was too small to support three papers. The News was a bright sheet, but the field was occupied, the expenditures exceeding its income and death or suspen- sion claimed it for its own. Mr. Walker removed to California. CLINTON INDEPENDENT. This paper had a fleeting existence of a little less than two years, and as its name indicates, was politically independent. It was a seven column folio and was owned and edited by R. F. Stevenson. It was a fair local paper and its columns showed a good advertising patronage, but like a few of its creed, failed to strike favorably the public pulse, and it became a thing of the past. THE MESSENGER. This paper is the representative of the Greenback-Labor party and otherwise is independent, in all matters of local importance. The first issue of the paper was November 7, 1881, by W. G. Church & Sons, and presents a neat typographical appearance. It is a seven column paper and is influential in the field of politics, in the faith it represents. It is outspoken in its belief, and has a manly independence that is a credit to the newspaper profession. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 361 One other attempt to start a newspaper was made by C. F. Gates, and called the Journal, but it was not looked upon with favor even at the start, and it required but a few months to place it on the suspended list, as that of the dear, departed defunct. It existed about six months, but it cannot be said to have lived at all. The newspapers have a number of dead to the account of Clinton, but it may be said that those which have lived were the survival of the the fittest. The newspaper field of Henry County is now filled, and all are worthy representatives of their creeds and professions. BUSINESS PROGRESS — FROM 1 874 TO 1 883. The business interests of Clinton and its growth the past nine years,, may be seen from the statement given below. The list for 1874, was made out April ist, and that of 1883, on February 1st. The increase has been as marked as the increase of population. Still, with an agricultural population at this time of fully 20,000, Clinton could as well sustain 5,000 citizens us 3,000. BUSINESS DIRECTORY OF CLINTON, APRIL I, 1 874. 2 Banks. 2 Lumber Dealers. 4 Butchers. 4 Merchant Tailors. 2 Bakeries. i Manufacturing Confectioner. 3 Boot and Shoe Makers. i Manufacturer Patent Riding 2 Boot and Shoe Stores. Plows. I Clothing and Gents' furnishing 2 Milliners. goods. I News and Book Store. 1 Confectionery. 2 Newspapers. 4 Drug Stores. i Photographer. 9 Dry Goods Stores. 3 Tobacconists. 2 Dentists. 3 Tin Stores. I Furniture Store. 3 Saddle and Harness Makers. I Gunsmith and Machinist. 2 Undertakers. 13 Grocery and Provisions. i Carriage Manufactory. 1 Hotel. 2 Wagon Manufactories. 4 Hardware and Implements. 4 Blacksmiths. 3 Jewelers. i Marble Works. 2 Livery Stables. . Total, 88. BUSINESS DIRECTORY, FEBRUARY I, 1883. 3 Abstract Offices. 2 Bakers. 3 Agricultural Warehouses. i Bed Spring Factory. 3 Banks. 2 Broom Factories. 362 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 3 Boot and Shoe Stores. 6 Blacksmith Shops. 2 Barber Shops. 3 Billiard Halls. 4 Boot and Shoe Makers. 7 Clothing and Gents' Furnishing. 4 Confectionery Stores. 9 Carpenters. 5 Drug Stores. 9 Dry Goods Stores. 2 Express Ofifices. 1 Elevator. 2 Furniture Stores. I Feed Stable and Yard. 1 Gunsmith and Machinist. 3 Grain Dealers. 12 Grocery and Provision Stores. 2 Hide and Fur Dealers. 5 Hotels. 4 Hardware and Stove Stores. 2 Job Printing Offices. 4 Jewelers. 4 Insurance Agents. 2 Livery Stables. I Sale Stable. 5 Lumber Dealers. 3 Merchant Tailors. 6 Meat Markets. 1 Marble Yard. 4 Musical Instrument Dealers. 2 Flouring Mills. 3 Millinery Stores. I Custom Mill. 1 Notion Store. 2 News and Book Stores. 3 Newspapers. 2 Photograph Galleries. I Painting and Glazing. 1 Produce and Commission. 1 Queensware Store. 2 Restaurants. 5 Real Estate Dealers. 4 Tobacconists and Cigar Manu- factories. 3 Tinware Stores. 3 Saddlery Hardware and Harness Stores. 4 Sewing Machine Agencies. 7 Wine and Beer Saloons. 1 Stone Yard. 2 Undertakers and Coffin Ware- rooms. 2 Wagon and Carriage Manufacto- ries. PROFESSIONS. 8 Physicians. 2 Dentists. 17 Lawyers. 8 Preachers. I Judge of the Circuit Court. THE BANKS OF CLINTON— SALMON .1- SALMON, BANKERS This is the oldest banking institution in Clinton, and one of the pioneer institutions in west Missouri. Even its present quarters put you in mind of olden times. There is a musty look about which tells of long use and rather cramped quarters, but its looks indicates solidity and its inside business docs not belie its looks. It is run b\- business men and managed by shrewd financiers. On December i, 1866, Salmon & Stone opened a banking house u}K)n the public 'jquare of Clinton. It was mixed in among a lot of law HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 363 rookeries that even the staid old county court judges couldn't stand any longer and they ordered them to leave, and not stand upon the order of their going but go at once. For a week or so Clinton had the appear- ance of a moving city, and she more than doubled her stabling facilities in that two weeks. Well in one of those old shells the now famous banking house of Salmon & Salmon cut both its wisdom teeth and eye teeth. They had an old iron safe, some three chairs, a pine counter and was looked upon as having rather a stylish outfit in those days. They have, however, outgrown ali that, and like the United States treasury of the present time, they have to get more room to hold their money, and so the old safe has been changed for a vault, a late style of safe with time locks. FH^M AND CAPITAL. The firm was composed of George Y. Salmon, Harvey W. Salmon and DeWitt C. Stone. The capital stock was $50,000 and its business opened about as soon as its doors. Its circle of depositors was not con- fined to Clinton or to the boundary line of Henry County, but was the principal banking house covered by four counties. The business of the firm increased, and it remained under the name of Salmon & Stone for some seven years, or until January i, 1873, when DeWitt C. Stone, retir- ing, his interest being purchased by the Messrs. Salmon, the firm's name was changed to Salmon & Salmon, the partners being George Y. and Harvey W. Salmon, brothers. Mr. D. C. Stone removed to St. Louis soon after, and died April 7, 1877. From the above beginning the business has grown and prospered, and what it is and how it has advanced may be gathered from the fol- 'lowing financial exhibit of the bank at the close of business on the 15th day of December, 1882, as given for publication: RESOURCES. Loans undoubtedly good on personal or collateral security . .$338,381 14 Loans and discounts undoubtedly good on real estate secur- ity 28,750 00 Overdrafts by solvent customers 7-371 07 Other bonds and stock at their present cash market price . . 11,000 00 Due from other banks, good on sight draft 25,530 53 Real estate at present cash market value 3,ooo 00 Furniture and fixtures i,500 00 Checks and other cash items 470 23 Bills of national banks and legal tender United States notes 24,000 00 Silver coin i.i49 35 Total $44^152 32 3^4 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in ■ $ 50,000 00 Surplus fund 40,000 00 Undivided profits 28,849 4^ Deposits subject to draft at sight 257,370 84 Deposits subject to draft at given dates 64,1 17 92 Due other banks and bankers 814 15 Total $441,152 32 Its average deposits now reach $400,000 a year. FIRST NATIONAL BANK. This bank was started under the name of the Clinton Savings Bank, October 5, 1871, and made its first financial statements of its liabilities and resources, January 18, 1872. This statement was from commencing of business, as above stated, to January i, 1882, and was as follows : LIABILITIES. Capital Stock paid in $24,500 00 Deposits on time 12,252 35 Deposits on collection 1 1,626 02 Interest and exchange 1,387 07 $49,765 44 RE.SOURCES. Bank building and vault $ 5,335 60 County warrants, coin and stamps 338 33 Licenses, taxes and expenses 754 36 Loans and discounts 30,360 82 Due from other banks 3,046 75 Cash on hand 9.929 58 $49,765 44 The bank continued in business as a savings bank until February 28, 1882. William H. Cock was its president, and C. C. Jones, cashier. At the above date, or on March i, 1882, the First National Bank opened its doors to the public as successor to the Clinton Savings Bank, with a paid up capital of $50,000, William H. Cock being its first presi- dent, and C. C. Jones its first cashier. It had a fair business start and has steadily grown in strength and in the confidence of the business com- munity. In 1875, July 1st, its exhibits of liabilities and resources were: RE.SOURCES. Loans and discounts $ 49,885 60 Overdrafts 420 8q HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 365 U. S. bonds to secure circulation $ 50,000 00 Other stocks, bonds and mortgages 18,148 26 Due from approved reserve agents • 1,004 -i Due from other national banks 538 53 Due from state banks and bankers 2,490 23 Real estate, furniture and fixtures 8.367 93 Current expenses and taxes paid 1,005 80 Premiums paid 5,535 06 Checks and other cash items 131 87 Bills of other national banks 2,955 00 Fractional currency (including nickels) 55 47 Specie (including gold treasury notes) 264 or Legal tender notes 5'500 00 Redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer, 5 per cent, of circu- lation 2,250 00 Due from U. S. Treasurer, other than 5 per cent, redemption fund ; 5,900 00 Total $154,452 86 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in $50,000 00 Surplus fund I3,500 00 Other undivided profits 8,222 64 National Bank notes outstanding 45,000 00 Individual deposits, subject to check 19,873 90 Time certificates of deposit 7>042 85 Due to state banks and bankers 813 47 Bills payable 10,000 00 Total 1 54.45 1 S6 The growth of the bank will be seen from the above, and the exhibit made January i, 1883, which is here given : RESOURCES. Loans and discounts $122,398 94 Overdrafts 2,448 25 U. S. bonds to secure circulation 50,000 00 Other stocks, bonds and mortgages 1,871 40 Due from approved reserve agents 7>^^7 73 Due from state banks and bankers , 81 66 Real estate, furniture, and fixtures 27,55 1 03 Current expenses and taxes paid 3-839 33 Checks and other cash items 120 oo Bills of other banks 7,000 00 Specie 2,626 20 Legal tender notes 6,ooo 00 Redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 per cent, of circula- tion) 1,650 00 Total 233,154 54 366 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in $ 50,000 00 Surplus fund 3 5, 000 00. Undivided profits 5.673 26 National Bank notes outstanding 45,000 00 Individual deposits subject to check 58,038 42 Demand certificates of deposit 27,764 52 Due to other national banks 2, 106 82 Due to state banks and bankers 4.571 52 Notes and bills re-discounted 5,000 00 Total $233,154 54 The following have been presidents and cashiers of the bank in the order named, the last being the present officers of the bank: When Organized — W. H. Cock, president; C. C. Jones and J. M- Avery, cashiers. A. C. Avery, president; W. D. Tyler, cashier. J. G. Dorman, president; W. M. Doyle, cashier. J. M. Avery, president; W. D. Tyler, cashier. HENRY COUNTY BANK. This is comparatively a new institution for public favor, having been organized in April, 188 1, but did not get ready for business until June i, 1881. It then opened its doors with a paid up capital of $25,000 and all the paraphernalia of a banking house for a sound and progressive bank- ing business. Its stockholders and directors represent some of the most prominent citizens and wealthy and active business men. Its first pres- ident was A. P. Frowein and W. D. Tyle"^, cashier. It does a general banking business and pays special attention to collections. Directors — James Brannum, G. C. Haysler, J. W. Middlecoff, S. Blatt, A. P. Frowein, S. E. Cheek, M. A. Fyke, A. M. Rhodes, Joseph White. Present Officers — James Brannum, president; A. M. Rhodes, vice president; A. P. Frowein, cashier; W. B. Calvird, assistant cashier. Its liabilities and resources, January i, 1883, were as follows: RESOURCES. Loans undoubtedly good on personal or collateral security. .$71,486 84 Loans and discounts undoubtedly good on real estate security, 4,941 65 Overdrafts by solvent customers 2,681 1 1 Due from other banks, good on sight draft 95 10 Furniture and fixtures ^,^33 39 Checks and other cash items 229 00 Bills of national banks and legal tender United States notes, 15,001 00 Gold coin i.540 00 Silver coin 530 80 Total $98,138 89 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 367 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in $25,000 00 Surplus funds on hand 3-500 00 Undivided declared dividends 3-429 97 Deposits subject to draft at sight 40,395 40 Deposits subject to draft at given dates H. i53 95 Due other banks and bankers 1 1,659 57 Total $98,138 89 CLINTON POST OFFICE FROM 1837 TO 1883. The post office of Clinton was opened in the spring of 1837, and Benjamin F. Wallace was its first postmaster. The office was kept in the store of Wallace Bros, on the north side of the square, and on the northeast corner. It was not much of an office in those days, the salary for the first ten years never reaching $100 per annum, and the first few years scarcely amounted to anything. The postmasters who have rep- resented this office are here given, with years of their appointments: POSTMASTERS OF CLINTON. 1837, Benjamin F. 'Wallace; 1847, Asaph W. Bates; 1853, Thomas H. Rogers; 1857, William H. Schroder; i860, John Vance; 1861, J. G. Dorman; 1862, Benjamin Whiting; 1864, Dr. G. M. Britts; 1866, Wil- liam Weaver; 1868. Phillip Zeal; 1872, John W. Fyke; 1875, Daniel H. Sullivan; 1878, I. N. Jones. The growth of the office h^s kept pace with the growth of the city and county, and' of late years seems to have rather advanced beyond that point. The number of pieces mailed in a period of seven days in December, 1879, was 4,865, while in the same time in 1880 was 8,418. Here was a pretty lively gain in twelve months, being nearly 75 per cent. The number of lock boxes in 1880 was 162, and call boxes 214, in use, and the office was made an international money order office April 1st, 1880. Money can be sent through this office to Great Britain and Ireland, Germany, France and Algiers. An effort was made by the writer to get later statistics, but it failed. Why he knows not. MANUFACTURES — WHAT IT OUGHT TO BE. Clinton in this respect is rather behind the age, and her population can only increase as the county increases, unless there is an effort made to build up manufactories. These bring people, consumption is increased and production is advanced in a corresponding ratio. This is a legitimate enterprise and brings wealth to the county and people instead of carrying it sway. It enlarges the market for home produc- 368 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. tion, and the skill of the mechanic is added to the cost of production, and this is secured for home benefit. The first steam flouring mill in Clinton was owned by William W. Wall & Son, and was called the Tebo Steam Mill. It commenced oper- ation in the year 1858. The present Tebo Mill is something of a con- trast to the mill of 1858. The first had two run of burrs, both for custom work, the present mills would hardly care to run in that style. TEBO MILLS OF 1883. The mill is owned by James Brannum, and was erected in 1868. Since then it has been improved, by putting in place the latest patents in milling machinery. It has now five run of burrs and three sets of rolls for making the patent flour. It is exclusively a merchants mill, no custom work being done. Its capacity is 160 barrels of flour every twenty-four hours. In connection with the mill is a fine wheat elevator 40x50 feet in size. The mill proper is built of brick and stone, 40x60 feet, and a packing addition 32x80 feet. The mill complete represents a capital invested of $50,000. CLINTON MILLS. This is another first-class mill, so far as its appointments go. It is a frame structure 40x64 feet in size, has two run of burrs, and like the first named is a merchant's mill. It was erected in 1867 by J. G. Mid- delcoff, who is still its proprietor. The mill has a capacity of sixty bar- rels of flour per day, and is represented by an investment of $10, coo besides working capital. CIGAR MANUFACTORIES. This is an important branch of business in Clinton and probably few of its citizens are aware of the number of cigars manufactured in their own city, and this item will be both news and information to a large number. ELK CIGAR FACTORY. This is the oldest establishment in Clinton and was started in 1874. This factory makes nineteen different brands of cigars, from the pure Havana down through the grades to the common cigar. There are employed ten to fifteen hands the year 'round and 400,000 cigars are turned out annually. The proprietor is John G. Thume. The cigar manufactory of Strong & Pechstein, in the Democrat Block, is the largest manufactory in the city. They employ from twenty to twenty-five hands, run sixteen tables, and their books show an actual HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 369 number of 601,250 cigars for their year's work, that of 1882. They have some thirty, different brands, and prices range from $2.50 to $65 per 1,000. They commenced business in 1878, and their sales book also showed over $600,000 sold during the year. They have some $9,000 invested in their business and propose to turn out over 1,000,000 cigars for 1883, January showing a little over 70,000 for the month. HUTCHINSON & KITCHEN, •manufacturers, are exclusively in the line of cigar manufacture. They show a bona fide number of 450,000 for the year 1882, and for 1883 pro- pose to reach fully 600,000 cigars. They invest in machinery and work- ing capital some $6,000. They make some fifteen different brands, work •nine tables and prices range about the same. They opened business May 1st, 1881, and they have so far been trying to keep up with their ■orders, without being compelled to solicit. G. D. ELGES •is the manufacturer of fine Havana and domestic cigars, and while not ■doing a large business is keeping three hands steadily employed, and last year turned out 125,000. He started business October 4th, 1880, and has put about $1,000 into his business. Mr. Elges is a mechanical genius and has invented a new patent cigar mould, which saves both time and money. He has in this patent invested some $1,500, and he is now manufacturing a large number. The work is done in St. Louis, and ihe is likely to come out with a handsome sum of money. GRAND AGGREGATE. The grand aggregate then, is in round numbers 1,576,250 cigars man- ufactured in Clinton in the year 1882, while that of 1883 is likely to ■exceed two and one-quarter millions. So much for this department of manufactures, and it is a pity that the manufacturing interest of Clin- ton is not more varied and progressiv^e. CARRIAGE AND WAGON MANUFACTURE. The carriage and wagon manufactory of Peter Alfter was started in January, 188 1. Mr. Alfter carried on the business for one year, when, on January i, 1882, he took in a partner, and the firm since then has been known as Alfter & Moser. They are both practical mechanics and make a specialty of carriages and wagons, also buggies, and have in con- nection a large repairing department and blacksmithing. They have .$6,000 invested and their sales last year were between $10,000 and 370 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ', $12,000. They are now working ten hands, and the demand for their work will compel them to increase this number the present year. JOHN OECHSLI, MANUFACTURER. This gentleman has probably the largest carriage and wagon manu- actory between St. Louis and Kansas City at this day, and yet he started in 1870 with nominal or small capital. The firm name was Oechsli & Kilmer and so continued until January i, 1882. Since that time the business has been conducted by the gentleman whose name heads this article and who is sole proprietor. This business is not exclusively given to fine work such as carriages, buggies, etc., which he s making a specialty, but his farm wagons, plows and harrows have a wide reputation for first-class work of the kind. He has also a large blacksmith and repairing shop in connection with his work, as also a paint shop. He turns out his work complete. He has a working and invested capital of $10,000, and his sales for 1882, reach the sum of $22,000. He has on hand from sixteen to eighteen men constantly employed. There are several other large blacksmith shops which do a good business of ironing of wagons, etc., besides their regular work, but can scarcely come under the name of manufactories. ITEMS OF INTEREST. Ermie A. Nave, now Mrs. Hall, claims to have been the first child born in Clinton, and her birth is given as February 12, 1834. As Henry or Rives County was not then known, and Clinton itself being still in the womb of the future, it is safe to say that the lady is not so old by three years as she claims to be. In fact, Mrs. Hall must have been born in 1837, and without doubt was the first child born in the city. The third room of the celebrated, of that day. Nave's Hotel, on Franklin Street, has been credited with the place of her birth. They have a place on the west side of the town called *' Lover's Leap." All first-class towns, with hills and ravines close by, have a Lov- er's Leap. The Clinton Silver Cornet Band was organized in 1869 and became quite a noted band of musicians. Their second set of instruments cost $1,000. It flourished for about six years. It is dead. August 22, 1872, the Adams Express Company's office, in Lock's grocery, was robbed of $1,080. The thieves got in through the cellar. No recovery. A hook and ladder company was founded in Clinton January 24, 1873. It is not now known where the company or the ladder is. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 37.! In 1872 Clinton was honored by having one of her citizens, Hon. Harvey W. Salmon, elected treasurer of the state. The election of 1874 resulted in a general assembly which again honored Clinton by chosing Hon. Banton G. Boone as speaker of the house. In June, 1875, on the 28th, H. S. Reynolds, past grand master of Illinois and then grand patron of this state, visited Clinton and organ- ized a chapter of the Eastern Star Lodge of Masonry. About sixty-six wives and daughters of Masons were enrolled as members of Magnolia, No. 99, next to the largest in the state. The officers were: B. L. Quarles, worthy patron; Mrs. William Thornton, worthy matron; Mrs. John Fike, worthy assistant matron; Mrs. Peeler, treasurer; J. N. Cook, secretary; Miss Cora Garth, worthy conductress, and Miss Blanche Stewart, worthy associate conductress. The fire of November 19, 1876, resulted in the greatest loss of any fire the city ever had. It destroyed several buildings on the northeast corner of the square, east side, the Fulkerson & Parks building being one of the finest in the city and three stories high. Fulkerson & Parks lost on building about $15,000 and on drug stock $7,500, insurance $15,800; Dr. Dimmitt, surgical instruments and library, $800; Clinton Cornet Band, instruments, $300; furniture, etc.. Odd Fellows, insured, $500; furniture, etc., A. F. & A. M., $1,200, insurance, $800; Heckles' saloon, $300, insured; the building belonging to Dr. Williams, $500, insured for $300; Samuel Williams' loss, $500, no insurance. Goods in the express office were destroyed upon which were charges amounting to $75; value of goods not known. This was the principal damage. The heat broke some glass and other light damages were sustained, but not of any great value. Take it altogether and it was the most disastrous conflagration that ever visited Clinton since its incorporation. The fire was believed to have been the work of an incendiary. The Clinton Literary Club was organized in the fall of 1876. Pey- ton Parks was president; Royal J. Burge, vice president; S. Sherman, secretary, and C. C. Dickinson, treasurer. It has ceased to exist. October 3, 1876, John Spranck, a German, was killed by the cars near the residence of John P. Watkins. A board of trade v/as organized in Clinton, December 19, 1877. Judge Dorman was made chairman; Jason Blackford, secretary. Every- body who had a spare dollar could join. Twenty-five members enrolled themselves. Judge Dorman was elected president and C. C. Dickinson, secretary. It then gradually passed out of existence. February 14, 1878, the people of Clinton voted upon the proposition to become a city of the fourth class. The vote stood 133 in its favor to one against. Asa Smith, a cooper by trade, while going to his dinner, May 29, 1878, during a storm, was struck by lightning and killed. '•^Z HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The following additions to the town and city of Clinton, have been added since her original boundary was formed: Smith & Sullivan's, Berry's, Allen's, Avery's, Weaver's, Vail's, Berrigman's, Cruce's, Roger's, Davis', Fair Ground, Railroad, Williams' ist and 2d, McLean's ist and 2d, Mean's ist, 2d and 3d, and Boyer's ist, 2d and 3d. On the night of September 4, 1881, the St. Stephen's Hotel was burned. It was an old landmark, having been erected in 1848, by Joseph Davis. About 2:30 o'clock Thursday morning, December 28, 1882, flames were discovered in the rear portion — next to the railroad track — of the frame livery stable,' formerly occupied by James Duncan, on the east side of the square. It spread with great rapidity, and the entire block of frames adjoining on the south, occupied by S. Hirsch's wool and hide house and saloon; R. H. Allison & Co.'s agricultural implement store; J. C. Seifred's meat market, and Irvin Couse's grocery store, were destroyed. The fire was the work of incendiaries. The old Pollard building, owned by Messrs. Frowein Bros., was erected about forty years ago for a hotel, and occupied by Bates, Rogers, Bush, Estes, Pollard and Gilbert. A few years ago it was remodeled, and since then occupied as business stands. This removed another of the old landmarks of the city, but it is hardly one the citizens will regret. In February, 1883, Clinton voted for the erection of gas works with but one single vote against it, so that the summer of 1883 will see the "Model City" lighted by gas. In the early fall of 1882 a time ball was established in Clinton, and her people since have run their business and commerce and end their toil by true time. The spring of 1883 will, also, commence the work for a railroad to Osceola, in St. Clair County, the business men of Clinton having con- tributed the depot grounds at a cost of $5,000. If the road is finished to Osceola the coming summer, the merchants and business men have made the best investment of their lives. The opening of the year 1883 is full of bright future, and material progress has a firm foothold in Clinton at this time. A commenable public spirit has started, and none too soon. Let it be fostered. CLINTON'S PRESENT BOUNDARY. With the numerous additions to the City of Clinton, her boundary lines have been frequently changed. At this time the city limits cover the area within the compass of one and a half miles on each side, or one and a half miles square. This area is described as follows: The east half and the east half of the west half of section 3; the west half and the west half of the east half of section 2; the northeast quarter and the east half of the northwest quarter of section 10; the HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 373 northwest quarter and the west half of the northeast quarter of section II, all in township 41, range 26. This boundary was made of record July 31st, 1881, and is the pres- ent area of the city. DISTANCES. The distrance from Clinton to Chicago is 462 miles; St. Louis, 227; Kansas City, 80; Sedalia, 40; Windsor (County), 19; Calhoun, 12; Lewis Station, 7; Ladue, 6; Montrose, 12; Appleton City, St. Clair County, 20; Osceola, St. Clair County, 28. This is by railroad. Two points, how- ever, are not yet connected at the distances named. The first, Kansas City, and the other Osceola, but are likely to be within the current year. CHAPTER XXV. WINDSOR TOWNSHIP. WITHIN THE REALMS OF CIVILIZATION— ITS AREA— FIRST SETTLERS-DEATH BY LIGHT- NING-PROGRESS—DARKNESS TO LIGHT— ORGAN IZA1 ION— WORTH REMEMBERING —COAL FIELDS— BIG COAL BANKS— STONE QUARRIES— HEALING WATERS— TRANS- PORTATION-AN OLD LANDMARK GONE- TENNESSEE BAKER-THE FIRST BRICK RESIDENCE IN HENRY COUNTY-ITS DESTRUCTION BY FIRE. WITHIN THE REALMS. This township is the northeastern one of the county, and while it is mostly composed of high, rolling prairies, it has also a large amount of timber which line the banks of Tebo Creek, its east fork and their branches. Tebo Creek itself runs due south within less than half a mile of its western border, but rises in the north part of Windsor Town- ship, having two branches that unite after passing some two miles through the northwest corner, just over the line in Tebo Township. One large branch rises in the center, nearly, of the township and empties into Tebo Creek nearly three miles from its southern boundary. The East Fork of Tebo Creek rises in the north and east part of the township, and passing south along its eastern border, it turns west, pass- ing clear across the township to its southwestern corner, within about one and a half miles of its southern line. The township, as can be seen, has plenty of wood and water, and is divided into about three- fifths prairie and two-fifths wood land. Its soil is rich, its prairies susceptible of a high state of cultivation, and as a stock and cereal country has few superiors. It is bounded on the north by Johnson County, east by Benton County, south by Springfield, and west by Tebo Townships. It is five miles wide on its southern side, and on its north side it is six miles wide, taking in one square mile of what should be Tebo Township. It is seven miles north and south. It com- prises a congressional township of thirty-six square miles, and has an area of 23,040 acres of land. When the county was organized, the present Windsor Township was a portion of Tebo, the latter township comprising in its territory one- fourth of the county, Windsor's bounds were first made at the May term of the county court. May 8, 1868. Windsor was then declared a voting precinct. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 375 FIRST SETTLERS. Windsor Township was one of the first settled portions of Henry- County. In fact, no portion of the county can claim an earlier white man's settlement, and on Tebo Creek and its east fork were first found the cabins of the white man. They roamed the woods as the red man did before them, and the ring of the woodman's ax and the sharp crack of his rifle soon became familiar sounds where all before had been a wilderness and the Indians were lord of all. Quite a number of settlers came in the year 1830, and while pros- pecting parties had traversed Henry County and hunters and trappers trod its rich prairies and hunted in its wooded dells as early as 1828, there were no actual settlers until 1830. Old Ben Kimsey and John Brummet came in 1828, but they staked their claim just over the line in Johnson County, but Thomas Kimsey, his son, located a little further south and found a home in this country in 1830. Kimsey settled on section i. It is hard to say who was the first man who put up his cabin. Thomas Mat- thew, James Arbuckle and Isom Brummet all came the same year. There were no less than seven families who found a home in the county in 1830. The Arbuckles settled just west and southwest of Windsor. In 183 1 William Ogan settled on section i, John Woodward did the same. Thomas Anderson, the first blacksmith in Henry County, settled near where Windsor City now stands. In 1832, came James Woodward, Amos and Benjamin Goodin, Isaac N. Hughes, Obediah Austin, Thomas Parazette, Robert Gladden, Joseph Bogarth, Joseph Means, R. S. Means, Colby S. Stevens, and in 1833, W. H. Ham, Mrs. J. G. Ogan, and others. There was quite a number followed in 1834, '35, '36, '37, '38 and '39, their names being found in the old set- tlers' list in the early settlement history. These were the men who formed the pioneer band of the northeast, and stamped the era of civilization upon the broad prairies and the wooded bottoms of Windsor Township, and laid the foundation of a future that has since blossomed into a more perfect day. Hunting in those days was both a pastime and a necessity. Game was plenty, deer and turkey being the most abundant, but wolves were also thick, and night was sometimes made melodious by their howling, and cattle, sheep and hogs seemed to think that around the cabin of their owner was their safest place. DEATH BY LIGHTNING. Probably the first death in the townshsp and county was that of Joseph Bogarth, who came early in the spring of 1832. Joseph Means and Joseph Bogarth had been some distance up in Pettis County on busi- ness, and on their return while crossing the prairies north of Windsor 376 HISTORY 01' HENR\ COUNTY. were overtaken by a heavy rain storm. Joseph Bogarth and his horse were killed by lightning, and Mr. Means riding by his side struck sense- less. Whether his horse had been hurt he did not know. When Mr. Means recovered his senses he found his companion dead and also his horse, while his own horse was a few yards distant, quietly feeding on the rich prairie grass. He managed to secure it and ride home and give the sad tidings of the fate of his companion. This occurred August 19, 1832, and Mr. Bogarth was buried about half a mile southeast of Windsor City. Mr. Means was some weeks recovering from the effect of the lightning stroke. PROGRESS. As one of the oldest settled portions of the county, Windsor Town- ship continued to increase in population. Its broad prairies became dot- ted with farm houses, the cattle literally roamed its thousand hills, and progress, civilization and Christianity, hand in hand, welcomed others and gave promise of future wealth and contentment. The new settlers coming in moved further south, and a few of the early ones had reached the banks of the main channel of Tebo Creek, then known as Spring- field Township, having been cut off of Tebo Township in May, 1834. The country for miles and miles south and west was a beautiful pano- rama of nature, such as delighted the eye and quickened the pulse of those who gazed upon its wild beauties, and those who came west to make their homes made no further progress towards the setting sun. What lay before them satisfied their longings and desires, and this Eden of the Southwest was quickly peopled by those who not only compre- hended the beauty of the landscape, but were aware of the richness of the soil which required but a modicum of labor to bless them with an abundant harvest. Henry T. Douglas and wife came in 1835, the former from Howard County, Missouri, the latter from Lincoln County, Kentucky; S. S. John- son, from Woodson County Tennessee; W. R. Taylor, Jefferson County, Kentucky, and R. F. Taylor, Louisville, Kentucky, the former in 1838 and the latter in 1839; Daniel Palmer, of Garrett County, Kentucky; B. F. Williamson, of Tennessee, and others settled in this township in 1840. From this time until its organization, in the year 1868, as above stated Windsor Township increased steadily, but in the census of 1870 it was enumerated as a part of Tebo Township. Its voting precinct was called Bellemont, and was so known in i860, at which time it was one of the nine voting precincts of the county. The census of 1870 and 1880 compared shows the heaviest popula- tion in Windsor Township, while a part of Tebo Township. Of course the same routine of pioneer life was the fate of the earlier settlers of HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 377" Windsor. Miles had to be traveled to reach a postoffice, Boonville and even Mt. Vernon, on the Missouri River a few miles below Lexington,, in Lafayette County, were visited for supplies, and the trade was deer and coon skins, venison hams, honey, now and then a wolf skin, andi they got everything in exchange which was then demanded of a mer- chant suitable to a pioneer's life. From 1840 to i860 was an era of pros- perity, not rapid, but none the less sure because it came gradually, by- honest toil and economical lives. DARKNESS TO LIGHT. Where the wild game once roamed free and undisturbed, are now being filled up with lowing herds. There was little to disturb the monotony of pioneer life, or the onward march of material progress, until the dark days which were ushered in in the year 1861, and which culminated in this township as with others, in deserted homes, destruc- tion of property, loss of life and a hatred engendered by passion and despair. For four long and bitter years, bitter in the sorrow, the troubles and the struggles for life, the people found no advance or progress. In many cases the labor of years had been swept away, and when peace once more found a resting place, desolation had marked with a merci- less hand almost the entire country. But while all was desolation around, peace gave hope, and with hope came courage, and the people rallied to the work of taking unusual care of what was left, and witb renewed exertion once more commenced the battle of life. It was not long before strong hearts and willing hands began to show their work,, and hope fluttered with joyous wings over the hearts and homes of the people. The people of Windsor Township were showing undaunted cour- age and unlimited endurance, and her rich soil gave a hearty and health- ful response to her sons of toil. ORGANIZATION. While the town was really bounded by imaginary lines as a voting precinct her true and present organization came in 1873, under what was- called the new organization law. In the spring of that year, the county having been divided into nineteen municipal townships, Windsor being one, her boundaries were described as follows, and was called: NO. I WINDSOR. Composed of congressional township No. 43, of range No. 24, except- ing sections Nos. 6, 7, 18, 19, 30 and 31, in said township and range. Also- including sections Nos. 31 to 36 inclusive, in congressional township No.. 44 of range 24. 378 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. BANNER TOWNSHIP. Politically it is the banner Democratic township of the county, •giving two-thirds of its votes to the Democracy to one-third to the Republicans. POPULATION. In point of population it is the second, Clinton Township only •exceeding it. In comparison with that township it shows a greater agri- •cultural population. The population of the township in 1880 was exactly 1,900. including the town of Windsor which was given at 872. There is nothing in this growth and position that Windsor need be ashamed of Still had the capital city of this township become the county seat of ■"Meadow" County, just to what her growth and pride would have reached at this day would be hard to determine. WORTH REMEMBERING. That the first school kept in this township was in the fall of 1833, and the first teacher, Colby S. Stevenson, who came from Christian County, Kentucky, and was one of the two first justices of the peace, after the organization of this county, for Tebo Township, a part of which Windsor then was. It was an old deserted cabin, a school building proper not being erected until 1835. This cabin was on Tebo Branch, near the bank, and about two and one-half miles south of the present town of Windsor. The first preacher was a Methodist circuit rider, the Rev. Millice, who preached for several 3^ears, his first appearance being in the summer of 1832. He was quite a favorite of the old pioneers, and they always gave him a hearty welcome when his rounds brought him to their cabins. The nearest postofifice was Muddy Mills, that was some miles beyond the present site of Sedalia, in Pettis County. William Gladden, who came in 183 1, was a large powerful man, a great wrestler, a splendid shot, a thorough hunter, and like all large men thoroughly good natured. He was a great favorite of the Indians^ being more than a match in the above feats of arms and strength of a.ay of their tribe. He was called " Big Man Billy," and had lots of offers to become a full-blown Indian chief of the Shawnee tribe. He declined their seductive offers, but was always on friendly terms and on hunting ■expeditions an Indiam wigwam was as likely to be his home as any place, if it was found on the line of his travel. The first doctor who practiced his profession in Henry County was probably a Dr. Sappington, of Saline County. He paid visits to settlers as early as 183J, but the first resident physician was Dr. Thurston, who HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 379 settled near Calhoun in 1835. There was also a Dr James Hogan, who settled near Calhoun and practiced a short time in the county and in the township, now Windsor. He, however, did not remain long-, but removed, leaving the field of practice to Dr. Thurston. The first school house, as before mentioned, was erected in the fall of 1835, and the winter of 1835-36 a three months school was taught. Thomas Irason was the teacher and it being a subscription school he got $1 per scholar and "boarded round." This was not making a fortune^ but it secured a living. The first child born in Windsor Township was a negro child, a girl, and named Julia Ann Sherman. She was born in June, 1832, and is now living in Windsor, at the age of fifty-one years. The father of the child lived to be 105 years old. They both, also the mother, belonged to the family of Robert Means. The first store patronized by the people of Windsor Township was that of Hall & Fletcher's, on Tebo Creek, about five miles from Wind- sor City, established early in 1835. The same year Fields' store was started at Gofif's, and was in full blast in September, at the time of the meeting of the first circuit court in Henry County, which was held at William Goffs house. The first horse mill was started in 1835, and a water mill was estab- lished on Tebo Creek in the year 1842, but this is not certain, nor could the exact location of the mill be ascertained. The first town or village located in Windsor Township was in the year 1855 and called Belmont, and was founded by R. F. Taylor and Mr. Majors. COAL FIELDS. While much has been said of the richness and fertility of the soil of Windsor Township, and the fact that water is plentiful, and where streams are not found wells can be dug to the depth of from fifteen to to fifty feet and water found in abundance, and therefore is a good stock raising country, yet with this wealth to be found on the surface there is much more and fully equal in magnitude under the surface in the exten- sive coal veins which underlie almost the entire township. The best and it is believed the largest veins are north and west of Windsor, but with the exception of the southeast part of the township, coal can be found in almost any other section. Coal is found on sections 3, 8, 13, 20, 28, 32, 33 and 35 in township 43, range 24, and on sections 34 and 35, in township 44, range 24, these latter beingthe famous mines once owned by the Pacific Coal Company, so-called. Then there was the Osage Mining Company, w^ho worked a vein within one mile of Windsor City. This Osage Mining Company was a part and parcel of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad Company. This was a good 38o HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. vein, but being some distance from their railroad they sold the tract, consisting of ninety acres of coal land for $36,000. There was rumored some pretty fine work by the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Company. After selling this tract, they opened at Lewis Station, a mine that they had previously secured, some twelve miles from Windsor, on their line of road. They sank a shaft 120 feet deep and found a four foot vein of very good steam coal. Previous to this they had sunk shaft and found a twenty- two inch vein, about four miles from Calhoun, but they left it, let the lease lapse, and opened the Lewis Station bank, calling it the Osage, No. I. The railroad company then raised the freight on coal so high, it is said, that the company who purchased the coal bank at $36,000 was compelled to quit mining, and finally sold their property to other parties for $12,000, and left the county in disgust. This latter company tried it awhile, and they too quit, and at this time a solid vein of coal, only forty feet below the surface, and five feet thick, lies undeveloped, to satisfy the rapacity of a railroad company that has control of transport- ation. If this is true, and it is scarcely to be doubted, for it is common talk, there ought to be a way to prevent this discrimination, which vir- tually blocks the spirit of enterprise, and withholds the resources of a county from development and sale. The shaft near Calhoun is now being worked by John Gedway and T. C. Morse, but filling only the wants of a local trade. BIG COAL BANK. There is, about three and one-half miles from Windsor, a coal bank by the above name. It is probably one of the most valuable mines of bituminous coal in the state. It lies, the first vein, but thirty feet below the surface, and the vein is five and one-half feet thick, with a heavy slate covering sixteen feet in thickness, making a roof self-supporting. This vein is what is known as steam coal, and is of a first quality and burns with a bright clear flame, and being free from iron makes no clinkers. This, however, is not the most valuable part of this wonderful mineral development. The state geologist once stated there were two veins of coal, one underlying the other, through that section, but gave as his opinion that there was quite a wide space between the veins, and made no mention that the lower vein was of a different quality. When the first vein was struck, and five and one-half feet found to be its thick- n.ess, no further attempt was made to reach the other vein or examine it. Five and a half vein of solid coal would last a good while, as it was traced for a good distance. The past summer, however, W. S. Bray, J. H. Haines and J. Ellis formed a partnership to work or operate the " Big Coal Bank." At the bank and where the vein had been developed, they purchased 120 acres HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 38 1 of this coal land, and then tracing the vein, leased of other owners 460 acres more for twenty years, with right of renewal. They seem to think they have got the bulk of the ground, but this is extremely problemat- ical. That they have covered by purchase and lease a very valuable mineral property is true enough, and that which they have secured lies nearest to transportation, and therefore not liable to much opposition is also true, but the veins extend far beyond and some day will be found valuable, and means of transportation furnished to meet the require- ments of so much hidden wealth which must find the light of day. Even railroad magnates will have to bow to his majesty, for coal will be king, and the black diamond will show its power. The leasing and purchase of this valuable bed of coal by the above named gentlemen was not on account of that five and a half foot vein of steam coal. On clearing away the debris, preparing to mine the vein, they cut below it through a shale or slate of about one foot in thickness, and just below that they again struck coal. This rather surprised them. They investigated a little further and it soon became apparent that it was an entirely different kind of coal, and the one foot of shale was of a uniform thickness, distinctly separating the two veins. It soon became apparent that the second vein was the one spoken of by the geologist, but instead of being several feet below, was only one foot, and of a far more valuable quality, being no more nor less than a bona fide vein of gas coal, six feet in thickness, and apparently following in its course the upper vein. This fact being thoroughly proven, led to the above pur- chase and lease, and the present year this mine of wealth will be opened. Very little of this gas coal is found in this section of the state, and the coal so far mined in this county and in Bates and Vernon, only show steam coal. Here there is a vein or veins of coal eleven feet six inches in thickness, and might be called surface mining, as the bottom of the lower strata is less than fifty feet below the surface. Windsor Township is rich alone in having this vein within her borders, and yet it is but an item of her wealth. STONE QUARRY. On section 32, of township 44, range 24, a fine stone quarry has been found, which shows a splendid quality of building stone. It has not been worked only for local consumption, as it is some distance from railroad transportation, but it will at some future day become a valuable property to its owner, HEALING WATERS. Henry County is known as one of the healthiest portions of the state of Missouri, but that an additional inducement may be held out to suffer- ing humanity, she has her celebrated mineral spring of crystal healing water. 382 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. On section 29 in Windsor Township will be found a chalybeate spring, whose waters are of a highly medicinal nature, ranking with some of the noted springs of Saline County. At this time, beyond the facts above stated, the spring is left to bubble and run without let or hindrance. So far the people of Windsor Township feel healthy enough without recourse to this spring to give them life, and to this fact may be attributed the careless indifference to this fountain of health lying within their border. But the spring is there, it has come to stay, and when called upon will give up liquid life that others may live. TRANSPORTATION. Windsor Township is secure in her transportation facilities, -the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas Railroad entering at the northeast corner of the township, and, running southwest, leaves the township about one and a quarter of a mile from its southern boundary. This leaves no part of the township to exceed three miles from the road, except the extreme southeastern section and the northwest corner of the township. In this respect it has the advantage of all the townships, except Clinton, in the county at this date. It will tiius be seen that Windsor Township has all the elements of mineral and agricultural wealth. It is the home of cat- tle, sheep, hogs, horses and mules. Blue grass is indigenous to her soil, transportation at hand, and man, labor and judgment alone is needed to develop her magnificent resources. AN OLD LAND MARK GONE. In 1856 a gentleman from Tennessee by the name of Baker, com- menced the erection of the finest residence in Henry County. It was a three-story brick residence, placed upon a rising knoll, which gave him a maginificent view of the surrounding country, for it was in the midst of an extensive prairie which stretched for miles and miles, and its sur- face rising and falling in gentle undulation like the swells upon the bosom of the sea. It was about one mile from the town of Windsor- The old man had several daughters and he was a good entertainer, and his home was known far and near for the great hospitality of its owner, and the lively and entertaining ways of his daughters. Standing as it did, upon an eminence, it became a guide and landmark of those who traversed the vast prairies, for roads were few and far between prior to the war, and the castle of "Tennessee" Baker, as he was called, became the beacon light of the traveler, for the neighbor who perhaps lived ten or twenty miles away. On the night of December 14, 1877, the house took fire and burned to the ground, little being saved. It was the first brick residence in the county outside of Clinton. f CHAPTER XXVI. CITY OF WINDSOR. WHEN IT WAS FOUNDED— BY WHOM— NAMING THE TOWN AND POSTOFFICE— A FEW YEARS L-VTER-IN 1870— THE INCORPORATION OF WIND>^OR TOWN— ELECTION IN 1873— TOWxN' OFFICIALS FROM 1873 TO 1878- CITY OF WINDSOR -FOURTH CLASS— ELtClTON OF MAYOR AND ALDERMEN, OCTOBER 15, 1S78- CITY OFFICERS FROM' 187S TO 1883 — FINANCIAL — CHURCHES - LAUREL OAK CEMETERY— LODGES AND SOCIETIES— POSTMASTERS OF WINDSOR-OLD SETTLERS REUNION AND PICNIC- NEWSPAPERS-PUBLIC SCHOOL— BUSINESS INTERESTS-SAVINGS BANK— MANUFAC- TORIES-ITEMS— GENERAL NOTES-BIRD'S EYE VIEW. WHEN IN WAS FOUNDED. R. F. Taylor, the founder of Windsor first located in 1839, on sec- tion 5. He purchased the ground upon which the City of Windsor now^ stands, in the year 1852, and platted the town three years after in 1855. A Mr. Majors also joined in the plat, adding a portion of his land to that of Mr. Taylor. The lots sold pretty well ranging from $5 to $15 per lot, according to location. Some going even higher. Deer were afterward killed within the limits of the town site. But this did not last long. The ring of Tom Anderson's hammer and anvil, while music to the few citizens, was not to the wild game of the forests and prairie, and they soon gave it a wide berth. The town grew, and soon addi- tions were made. Mr. Taylor added two additions, Majors one, Foster added two, also, and Mercer's Addition will be found within its present limits. Windsor City at this time covers considerable ground and will not need to enlarge itself for several years to come. It is now one mile by one and a quarter miles within its corporate limits. The town was gradually improving until i860, when it could boast, at the age of five years, of a population of 250 to 300. The war " left its traces there," and the devastation was so great that that was about all the "harness"' that was left, so far as the town itself was concerned, and when the fear- ful conflict was ended Windsor had but little to brag of in the way of business, or, in fact, anything but a hopeful future. The town was first called Bellmont, then an attempt was made to call it Spring Grove, and Mr. Robert D. Means, having been a reader of English history and taking a fancy to the name Windsor, in reading of Windsor Castle, he urged that name. The majority ruled against himi- 384 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. and the town was called Belmont, but as there was a post office already in the state by that name, they let Mr. Means have his way in naming the post office, Windsor. When confusion arose from a town by the name of Belmont in one part ot the state, and a post office in another, the postal authorities suggested a change. Then the Spring Grove champion sprang to his feet, and in a beautiful speech, which called forth the highest praise named the town Spring Grove. It was a splendid effort, but unfortunately for the Spring Grove advocate, orator and statesman, there seems to have been another before him, and Spring Grove No. 2, was not allowed by the department. It was Mr. Robert Means' time now to act, and in a handsome effort, he proved that there was no better name for the town, as well as the post office, than Wind- sor Castle, but being anxious for harmony, he was willing to compromise on plain "Windsor," leaving off the "Castle" in the name of the town, as it had been in the post office, and as he sat down said, "there isn't much of a castle in looks, about these log cabins and frame shanties, anyhow." And this is the history of Belmont, Spring Grove and W^indsor, in naming the "Future Great" of Henry County, known in "Meadow" County his- tory as the "Battam." A FEW YEARS LATER. Even as late as 1867 Windsor exhibited unmistakable signs of hav- ing passed through a period of hard times and depression. It had the appearance, in some places, as if it had been struck with a mighty cylone. and the debris was anything but a hopeful sight to an enterprising man- However, dazed as they were, they began to slowly recover. The people were not dead, and in 1868 the town began to show life, and a spirit of industry began to assert itself By the year 1870 it had doubled its population over that of 1865, having about 550 within its corporate limits and boasting of the following array of business houses that year, (1870): Five dry goods stores, two drug stores, two hotels, two black- smith shops, two hardware stores, two family groceries, two millinery stores, two tin shops, two shoe shops, one harness shop, two butcher shops, one feed store, two lumber yards, three wagon makers, two paint shops, one land agency, two lawyers, three physicians, seven preachers, two churches and no saloon. The next few years mark a steady progress both in population and business, until the people began to feel their importance in no small degree. They voted solidly to make their fast growing village an incor- porated town, and about this time (1873) the Meadow County craze was having full swing. INCORPORATION OF WINDSOR. The town of Windsor presented a petition to the county court through its attorneys, Messrs. McBeth and Price for its incorporation, HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 385 with memorandum of its metes and bounds and police regulation as the law directs. The petition was granted, as follows: The same being heard by the court and being fully understood, and the court being satisfied that two-thirds of the taxable inhabitants of the town of Windsor, within the metes and bounds sought to be incor- porated, have signed the petition, and therefore that the prayer of said petitioners is reasonable. It is therefore ordered, adjudged and decreed and the court doth declare that the " Town of Windsor," in the county of Henry and state of Missouri, and the territory within the following metes and bounds, to wit: Being in sections one (i) and two (2) and twelve (12), in township 43 of range 24, beginning at the quarter section corner between sections I and 2 in township 43 of range 24; thence east 20 chains to the north- east corner of the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section i; thence north 7 98-100 chains; thence south 76" 5' east 4 77-100 chains; thence north 36'' 10' east i 52-100 chains; thence south 45'' east 7 chains; thence south yi"' 20' east 3 34-100 chains; thence south yf' 50' east 12 37-100 chains; thence north 47'' 5' east 8 70-100 chains; thence south 39 ' 50' east 7 78-100 chains; thence south 3 50-100 chains; thence south 24' 30' west 6 73-100 chains; thence south 45'' west 8 34-100 chains; thence south 23" 40' east 18 47-100 chains to corner of lot 11 (VV. May- er's estate); thence south 54" west 4 82-100 chains; thence south 33"' 30' west 9 95-100 chains; thence south 20 chains; thence west 29 48-100 chains; thence north 6 58-100 chains; thence north 44'' 30' west 29 60-100 chains; thence north 26" 5' east 13 85-100 chains; thence west 8 61-100 chains; thence north i 58-100 chains; thence east 3 16-100 chains; thence north 15 55-100 chains; thence west 2 chains; thence north i chain; thence east 2 chains; thence north i 87-100 chains to place of begin- ning, be and the same is hereby duly incorporated under the name and style of the " Inhabitants of the Town of Windsor." And the court doth further appoint and designate C. C. Morse, J. W. Gray, W. J. Colbow, W. J. Livingston and W. B. Pomeroy, inhabitants and householders of said town, as a board of trustees of the " Inhabit- ants of the town of Windsor," to continue in office as such trustees until their successors are elected and qualified. February 5, 1873. The board above named met February 8th, and organized by select- ing W. J. Colbow as chairman, and appointing Charles A. Clark, clerk, and A. Cliff Clark, marshal. ELECTION APRIL, 1873. The law required a town election in April following, and therefore the above officers' terms expired when a new board was elected. The election came off and resulted in the choice of the following named gen- tlemen for the ensuing official year, and who were sworn in April 19, 1873: Board of Trustees — W. J. Colbow, chairman; M. L. Stafford, W. J. Livingston, Robert M. Funk and J. W. Gray. 25 386 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The board then appointed the following local assistants: Treasurer, Edwin Bass; clerk, Terrall Rainwater; marshal, Allen Stewart; assessor, James Douglas; collector, W. T. Glover. On October i6, 1873, Terrall Rainwater resigned as city clerk, and Thomas W.Lovelace appointed, who also served as street commissioner. OFFICERS APRIL, 1874. Board of Trustees — W. T. Glover, chairman; Samuel Schwab, W. J. Livingston, Robert F. Steele and Robert M. Funk. There was in the town treasury at the opening of the new board, $74.82. and new fiscal year. Clerk — T. J. Lingle. Treasurer — J. W. Gray. Marshal and Street Commissioner — G. F. Shook. Assessor and Collector — William Goforth. OFFICERS APRIL, 1875. W. J. Colbow, chairman; W. J. Livingston, Samuel Schwab, Frank M. Ham, and Robert M. Funk. Treasurer — W. H. Ham. Clerk— W. S. Shivel. Marshal and street commissioner — N. K. Chapman. OFFICERS APRIL, 1876. W. J. Colbow, chairman; W. T. Glover, Robert M. Funk, Frank M. Ham, E. N Jerome. Clerk— W. S. Shivel. Marshal and street commissioner — R. C. Agee, Treasurer — W. H. Ham. OFFICERS APRIL, 1 877. W. J. Colbow, chairman; W. B. Pomeroy, B. F. Smith, J. C. Beedy, J. M. Douglas. Clerk— W. S. Shivel. Treasurer — W. H. Ham. Assessor and collector — H. C. Churchill. Marshal and street commissioner -R. C. Agee. Attorney — R. F. Steele. The tax assessment for town purposes was two mills and the poll $1.00. G. L. Neale was licensed to sell wine and beer for six months from Jr.ne 6th, 1877, on the payment of $100. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 387 Mr. Steele was removed from the office of prosecuting attorney at the meeting of November 30th, 1877, and N. K. Chapman appointed, aad he entered into a contract to take half of the fines collected as his- salary as such prosecutor. The salary for 1878 was fixed at $50, pay- able quarterly. OFFICERS APRIL, 1 878. J. C. Beedy, chairman; H. Harnsberger, Elias Hughes, W.J.Liv- ingston and Robert M. Funk. Clerk— W. S. Shivel. Attorney — N. K. Chapman, for one month, and O. L. Smith the- remainder of the year. Marshal and street commissioner — W. J. Smith. Assessor and collector — William Mann. Treasurer — Robert Ragan. CITY OF THE FOURTH CLASS. At the meeting of the board of trustees, held August 6, 1878, a' petition was presented asking for the organization of Windsor as a city of the "fourth class," and for an election to test the feeling of the people. The council reported action as follows: " Be it enacted by the board of trustees of the inhabitants of the town of Windsor, that the inhabi- tants of the town of Windsor, be declared, from and after the adoption of this ordinance by a majority of the legal voters of the corporation of Windsor, organized and incorporated under the provision of the stat- utes of Missouri," passed and approved May 15, 1877, and entitled "An act for the government of cities of the fourth class." WINDSOR CITY ELECTION. The election came off October 15, 1878, and the following names composed the first mayor and aldermen of the city of Windsor, the entire straight Democratic ticket was elected: James M. Burress for mayor; E. N. Jerome, marshal; aldermen, First Ward, E. Bass, and M. A, Owen; Second Ward, David Black, Frank Ham; Third Ward,M. L. Stafford J. C. Beedy. This ticket was opposed by what was called the Citizens' or Prohibition ticket, but the Democracy won in the "prohibition strong- hold" by a majority of nearly fifty. O. L. Smith was appointed clerk;: R. O. Ragan, treasurer; N. K. Chapman, attorney; O. N. Jerome, street commissioner and marshal; T. O. Williams, collector. The first Tues- day of each month was made the regular time of meeting. At the regular meeting, October, 1878, O. L. Smith was made collector, assum- ing the duties of clerk and collector. 388 1 1 IS TORY OK HEiXRV COUNTV. On the nth of March, 1879, O. L. Smith, resigned, and T. O. VVil- :liams was appointed clerk and collector. OFFICERS, 1879. Mayor — Edwin Bass. Aldermen — First Ward, R. F. Taylor, one year; First Ward, M. A. •Owens, two years, chairman; Second Ward, R. Cahill, two years; Second Ward, F. M. Ham, one year; Third Ward, M. L. Stafford, one year; Third Ward, J. C. Beedy, two years. Marshal — E. N. Jerome. Clerk— W. S. Shivel. Treasurer — R. O. Ragan. Assessor and Collector.— T. O. Williams. Mr. Williams served as clerk of that term and the next, Shivel not appearing as such, and at the June term, 1879, June 3d, John S. Kelley, having been appointed, entered upon his duties of city clerk, June 17, 1879. OFFICERS, 1880. Mayor — Edwin Bass. Aldermen — First Ward, R. F. Taylor, two year's; R. M. Majors, one year; M. A. Owens, removed from the city; Second Ward, W. H. Crum ; Third Ward, M. L. Stafford. OFFICERS, 1 88 1. Mayor — R. F. Taylor. Aldermen — First Ward, R. W. Majors, chairman of the board, J. B. Brame; Second Ward, R. Cahill; Third Ward, B. E. DawSon. Marshal— John W. Hall. Treasurer— R. O. Ragan. '■Collector — James D. Baker. •Clerk — John S. Kelley. OFFICERS, 1882. "Mayor — A. L. Clinkinbeard. .Aldermen — First Ward, B. F. Smith; Second Ward, W, J. Living- ston; Third Ward, F. M. Ham. Marshal— John W. Hall. Treasurer — R. O. Ragan. Collector^ — James D. Baker. Clerk — John S. Kelley. At the adjourned meeting of the city council July 6, 1882, Mayor Clinkinbeard resigned his office of mayor, R. Cahill removed from the city and I. E. Sobey was elected to fill his unexpired term. Marshal Hall also resigned, and Samuel W. Majors appointed. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 389 President R. W. Majors, of the city council, served as acting mayor until July 20, 1882, when W. J. Colbow, having been elected took his seat. At the retirement of Mayor Taylor, he was presented with a gold' headed cane and a pair of gold spectacles. FINANCIAL. In April, 1874, the treasurer of the town of Windsor, Edwin Bass^ made a statement that there was in the town treasury $73.81. Fronn that time until 1880, the financial exhibit of the town and city of Wind- sor, were not found of record. Just how the financial affairs were con- ducted was really not known, and what became of the funds from year to year, has probably never been fully ascertained or explained. There was a balance in the treasury reported April i, 1879, o^ $85-54> but the treasurer reported a city indebtedness of nearly $300. On March 2, 1880, John S. Kelly, city clerk and clerk from the pre- vious June, made the following official statement of the city's financies;: Received from all sources $465 3^ Paid city indebtedness $279 96 Current expenses 96 47 $376 45 Balance in treasury $ 88 95 To this was added railroad tax 855 Judgment in favor of city I5 3<^ Total on hand . $112 80 The balance in the treasury March 3, 1881, was $248.62, and on March 9, 1882, $487.64. The city is out of debt and has a handsome balance in the treasury, which is being used for street and other improve- ments of the city. As now managed it will not be long before Windsor will be one of the neatest cities in the state, as it is now one of the most growing and thriving. THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH OF WINDSOR. Pleasant Grove Baptist Church was one of the first church organi- zations in the township, dating back to 1853, before the town site of Windsor was known. It was really organized as a church that year, dating from October 29, 1853, but for several years previous meetings had been held until they found themselves numerous enough to have stated preaching. The original members were W. A. Gray, B, F. Goodin,. David Home, W. C. P. Caldwell, Weeden Major, Nancy Major, William* Major, Ann Major, John L. Major, Eliza A. Major, James Major, Martha Major, Charles Major, W. H. Davis, Wiley Parker. The church was 390 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. removed to Windsor in 1867, and called the First Baptist Church of Windsor, having been first located about a half mile southwest of Wind- sor, on section 1 1. Previous to the late war, from 1854 to 1856, Rev. W. A. Gray had charge, he being followed by Rev. A. D. Landum for two years, and Rev. Benjamin F. Goodin from 1858 to i860. The Rev. W. P. C. Caldwell and Rev. E. W. Kilbuck each served a short term, when the war caused a temporary suspension. It did not fairly regain itself until its removal to Windsor in 1867, as above stated. The Rev. B. F. Lawler, however, took charge in 1865, and for ten and a half years he gave earnest and faithful work to build up his church and to spread its influence for good throughout the city and county. Under his administration the church progressed, and in 1870 the organ- ization erected a handsome and substantial frame church, which cost complete some $3,000. In 1876 the Rev. D. N How was called and remained pastor for a year and a half, or to January, 1878, when the present able divine, the Rev. R. H. Harris, was called. The church was dedicated in 1870. There is a flourishing Sunday School attached to the church, which has an attendance of eighty scholars and is under the superintend- ency of W. J. Colbow. This, with a membership of 150, shows that it is prosperous, with every reason to believe that it will continue so. The Tebo Baptist Association was organized at this church. THE M. E. CHURCH of Windsor was organized in the year 1869 with the following original members, viz: Ebenezer Culver and wife, John Cole and wife, Elisha Culver and wife, Stephen F. Robinson and wife, William Huston and wife, Jacob Haman and wife, Joseph L. Dunn and wife, Charles Elliott and Elizabeth Elliott. The Rev. William Powell was called to the pastorate, and he was followed in the order named by the Revs. E. H. Smith, who was unfor- tunately killed by lightning while on the circuit in 1871, James A. Little, S. Ing, John H. Lutz, R. H. Hanson, John H. Gillispie, A. P. Sallaway and the present popular and able pastor, the Rev. William DeMotte. The present place of worship was erected in the fall of 1870, and was •neatly furnished at a cost of $1,200. It is a frame building. Its mem- bership is forty-six. One of the most flourishing Sunday Schools in Windsor is a part of the work of this church, under the charge of N. C. Keyes, superintendent. With a pleasant parsonage of six rooms, and the church out of debt, it has a promising and useful future. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 39I WINDSOR CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH was first organized August 8, 1868, and from that date seems to have been successful in building up a strong and influential congregation, and a pillar in the Christian world. The original members of the organiza- tion were H. P. Sloan, Samuel Swisher, Isaac Pettijohn, Miles Caldwell^ I. N. Sanborn, W. B. Pomeroy, John G. Sloari, Delia Sloan, Abby Petti- john, Flora A. Sanborn, Mary L. Sanborn, Emma G. Pomeroy, Mrs. M. Caldwell, Mrs. S. T. Tate, and Mrs. M. A. Swisher. The church has grown until now it has one hundred members, and its future may be told from the growth of the city. The year following its organization, the church erected a handsome edifice and finished and furnished the same in a neat and substantial manner. The total cost was $1,600. Its first pastor was the Rev. George R. Hewling, who, accepting another call, remained but a few months, being succeeded by the Rev. John M. Bowers, who remained in charge for two years. At the close of his pastorate, the Rev. John G. Bailey was asked to accept the pastorate, which he did in 1872, and still continues earnestly and faithfully in the discharge of his important duties. It has grown from the small number of fifteen to one hundred mem- bers, and not only this, but its Sunday School is large and flourishing, having in the school a roll of one hundred pupils. The school was first placed under the superintendency of John H. Knapp and has been regu- larly kept since it started. The present superintendent in charge is Mr. A. C. Gould, and he is faithfully and steadily performing his work of love and usefulness. At this time the church and school are in a flourishing condition. It has grown under the Rev. Mr. Barley's charge, and is still so pros- pering that the coming summer or fall (1883) it is in contemplation to erect a more commodious edifice to meet the demand for more room, the present church being too small to comfortably seat the regular con- gregation. There is little doubt, but Windsor will ere a year passes have a beautiful new church edifice of which it may be proud. M. E. CHURCH, SOUTH. It was some years before the organization that preaching was first held among its members. For a number ot years the circuit rider or preacher came among them as his time and duties called him, and the original members of the church, which became organized in 1853, had service or preaching held at their cabins. The Rev. W. W. Jones and Rev. W. Pitt were both preaching from time to time as far back as 1840 to 1845, and continued to do so up to nearly the time of the organiza- tion of the church in the year 1853. 392 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The school house, erected some half a mile west of the present town site of the city of Windsor, was used as a church for three years after its organization. The church, as before stated, organized in 1855 under the name of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and the orig- inal members were. Dr. W. T. Thornton and wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Tay- lor, Mr. and Mrs. Horning, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Means, Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Williamson, Mr. and Mrs. John Bell, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Duncan, Mr. and Mrs. James Baker, Mrs. Foster, Mrs. Beimers and Miss Baker. With this early membership the church has grown and strengthened with increasing years, until at the present time it numbers something over a hundred members, and its influence for good has become wide- spread and with increasing lustre from year to year. Its first pastor at the organization at the old school house was the Rev. J. M. Kelley. He officiated there only one year, when he was succeeded by Joseph Wood, and the latter by the Rev. Bond. Then came the dark days of civil strife, the teachings of Christ were thrown aside and fanatacism and the gospel of hate held undisputed sway and ruled the hour. It was not until the white-winged angel of peace had once more settled over our broad land, did the church hope for success, or men's hearts open to the teachings of Him who died that a world might be saved. So for many years church progress became slow, and the evils which were engendered were hard to eradicate from men's minds. In the year 1875 the Rev. J, M. Kelley, who twenty-two years before had been their first pastor, was called to the charge and under his min- istration the church once more started into life, grew and prospered. For nine years did this noble follower of Christ perform his duty, hav- ing no desire but to perform his whole duty and pray that his labors might be crowned with success. That prayer has been granted and he has retired from the charge with the esteem and love of grateful hearts. The church commences the new year, 1883, with 100 members, and its future unclouded. The present pastor is the Rev. Eugene Springer, who brings to his work a strong faith and a willingness to labor. The Sabbath School which is connected with the church, numbers fifty schol- ars, and is under the charge of James Baker, as superintendent. The church building, which is 30x70 feet in size, is the oldest in the city, hav- ing been erected and dedicated in the year 1856. Its cost was about $3,000. With the parsonage the property is fully worth $4,000 at this time. CHRISTIAN CHURCH. The members of this denomination of the Protestant Church found at the close of the war of 1861-65, that they numbered enough to form a church organization, and they took steps to carry it out. The result was HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 395 the " Christian Church," of Windsor, which has been and is now one of the most prosperous churches in Windsor, and one of the most influen- tial for good. Its original members cannot be all given, but the following were a portion of those who joined in its organization: William Steele, Fannie Steele, Mary Shadburne, William Gilliland and wife, H. T. Douglas, Cath- erine Douglas, Nancy Douglas, J. M. Douglas, Warren Goodin and wife, and Daniel Douglas and wife. The church has grown until now it has no members. The congre- gation in 1874, erected a neat frame chapel, furnishing the same neatly yet substantially, at a cost of $1,000. The pastors who have officiated as such were first, Rev. James Ran- dall, then the Rev. James Sapington, Rev. Henry Speed, Rev. Charles Patterson, Rev. N. M. Ragland, and the present and past year, the Rev. S. K. Hallam. It has the largest Sabbath School attendance in the city, having 116 pupils on its roll of membership. This is under the very successful super- intendency of Dr. B. E. Dawson. At this time there is nothing to dim the brightness of its future. MOUNT ZION CHURCH is of the Cumberland Presbyterian denomination, and was organized April 15, 1855, at the residence of Robert D. Means. Those who joined in the organization were, R. A. Brame, R. D. Means, William H. Ham, Anna Brame, Susan E. Means, Susan Ham, W. R Witten and wife, Mrs. Sarah D. Means, mother of R. D. Means, and Mary E. Brame, daughter of R. A. Brame. The Rev. Fines Washington organized the church, and the Rev. James Martin was secretary and first pastor of the church. The church organizatian has been kept up with varying success, but still holdmg fast to its organization. The next minister was the Rev. Mr. Hogan, who seemed to have been the last regular pastor of the church. The church at this time has no stated preacher of its own. Neither is it yet provided with a church building, but the members, who now number forty, have hopes, ere long, of not only being able to erect a comfortable church, but to again secure a regular pastor. They have no Sunday School. The present elders of the church are R. A. Brame, R. D. Means, and William H. Ham. LAUREL OAK CEMETERY. This is a handsome piece of land containing some six acres, regu- larly laid out in lots, sixteen feet square, with walks of three feet in width, and no less than three driveways through the ground. In this beautiful 394 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. spot, gently undulating is Windsor's "City of the Dead." Here all meet on a comnion level, and all will rise when Gabriel's trump shall sound. Bathed in the soft moonlight it is indeed an enchanting ground, standing in the circle which has been laid out in its center, and a beautiful view can be had. The monuments and headstones take a fantastic shape and imagination seems enthralled. Here they rest, where the grapes grow, and the flowers sing a soft, low requiem, as they are gently wafted by the passing breeze over their lowly head. Yes, Laurel Oak Cemetery is a beautiful spot, and the citizens of Windsor City have taken pride in its adornment. The purchase of the ground was made and a company incorporated April 29, 1872. It was laid out and surveyed March i, 1871, by J. H. Knapp. The incorporators were W. J. Colbow, T. W. McKinley, B. F. Williamson, J. R. Chappel and Edwin Bass; the latter sleeping his last sleep within its sacred enclosure. AMERICAN LEGION OF HONOR. This lodge was organized February 23, 1881, and the members initi- ated in the mysteries of the order by Deputy Supreme Commander J. M. Burress, at their place of meeting. Good Templars' Hall. The charter members were R. M. Funk, George W. Goodlet, Isaac E. Sobey, I. W. Mitchell, R. O. Ragan, J. M. Burress, E. B. Phillips, Wyatt Simpson, John A. Gedney, S. W. Mitchell, W. H. Walker, F. M. Ham, John A. Calfee, E. D. Stearns, D. L. Daniels, M. V. Beedy, W. M. Nelson, John Q. Barnes, W. C. Barnaman. B. W. Huey, J. E. Baugh, George L. Neale, George F. Pickerill, and W. H. Ellis. The following officers were then elected and duly installed : R. M. Funk. C; George W. Goodlet, V. C; S W. Mitchell, O.; J. M. Bur- ress, P. C; Isaac E. Sobey, Secretary; I. W. Mitchell, Collector; R. O. Ragan Treasurer; E^. B. Phillips, C; W. H. Walker, G.; Wyatt Simpson, W.; F. M. Ham, S. Trustees — John A. Calfee, John A. Gedney and D. L. Daniel. The lodge is in good condition, has a neat and handsome furnished hall, and is destined to grow and become influential for good, as the popu- lation of the city increases. Present officers, 1883 — Isaac E. Sobey, C; J. H. Hines, V. C; B. W. Huey, O.; R. N. Owsley, Sec; W. H. Walker, Col.; R. O. Ragan, Treas.; E. B. Phillips, C; W. M. Nelson, G.; F. M. Ham, W.; W. C. Barnaman, S. Trustees — Calfee, Goodlet and Mitchell. The member- ship numbers twenty-six. A. O. U. \v. Amazon Lodge, No. in, was established on February 27th, 1879, by Brother William R. Shern, D. W. M. W., and with the following charter HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 395 members: J. B. Brame, P. M. W.; John A. Calfee, M. W.; R. L. Shad- burne, G. F. ; J. L. Shelton, O.; George L. Neale, Recorder; H. H. Harns- berger, Fin.; George J. Shelton, Receiver; J. D. Melvin, G.; S. B. Baugh, I. W.; J. W. Taylor, O..W. The order is in a flourishing condition, and numbers January 1st, 18S3, thirty-five members. Present officers— W. G. Crum, M. W.; J. S. Kelly, F.; A. L. Down- ing, O.; George, L. Neale, Recorder; A. L. Clinkenbeard, Fin.; J. H. Hines, Receiver; A. E. Bridges, G.; F. M. Ham, I. W.; J. W. Mclntier, O. W.; George J. Shelton, P. M. W. I. O. O. F. The lodge of Independent Order of Odd Fellows was instituted at Windsor May 20th, 1868, by the R. W. G. L. of Missouri, with the fol- lowing officers and members, viz: S.J. Colton, N. G.; E. N. Jerome, V. G. ; Henry Lip, Treas., J. M. Burress, Sec; Joel Beeler, I. G.; E. Lewis, W. The present membership of the lodge numbers twenty-three, and the present officers, January ist, 1883, are: B. W. Huey, N. G. : W. E. Jerome, V. G.; Jackson Sympson, Treas.; J. P. Stewart, Sec, and E. N. Jerome. W. GOOD TEMPLAR LODGE. This lodge was organized In November, 1865, by William Cotton. The original members were Robert D. Means, John Landman, Silas Turner, Joseph Turner, James Turner, William Steele, William H. Ham, L. S. Emett and his two daughters. Holly and Ettie, and James Good- win. The order has built a fine hall, known as "Good Templar Hall,'' and the lodge has flourished since its inception. They have done much good both by precept and example, and now number a few over lOO members. The future of the order is very bright and promising. A. F. & A. M. Windsor Lodge No. 29, received its charter June 2, 1866, with the names of the following gentlemen embodied thereon as charter mem- bers: James A. Scribner, Joseph Fisher, J. A. Hughes, A. M. Mclntire, Jerry Yancy, Joel Yancy, William Steele, G. Q. Foster, James D. Baker, R. W. Major, H. T. Douglas, James C. Caldwell and Perry Wetzell. Officers: James A. Scribner, W. M.; Joseph Fisher, S. W.; J. A. Hughes, J. W. The order has, since its first organization, been in a flourishing con- dition, and at this time is fully up to, in membership and influence, the demand upon it. The future is certainly one of brightness, and it has now become powerful for good in the community, which position may it long continue. 396 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The present officers are: J. W. Brown, W. M.; R. C. Ragan. S. W.; I. E. Sobey, J. W.; R. F. Taylor, Secretary; R. W. Major, Treasurer; N. T Gray, S. D.; W. Humphry, J. D.; H. T. Douglas, Tyler. These are the officers installed for the year 1883. WINDSOR POSTMASTERS. The first who acted as postmaster of Windsor was Jefferson Means. I He held the office some three months, from August, 1852, until Novem- cj ber, 18, 1852, when Richard F. Taylor, who had been appointed, having jij received his commission, took charge of the office and held the same i until the year 1862. ' That year Mr. King became postmaster, or rather Mrs. Egbert King, I and she took the postoffice over in Pettis County, some two miles from j Belmont, as the town was called, and kept it there until near the close i of the war, in 1865. ; January 10, 1865, Mr. L. S. Emett received his commission, and he I lost no time in taking possession and removing the office back to Bel- '. mont. Mr. Emett received a salary of $170 from January, 1866. Mr. i Emett died in 1872, and his son, Lewis W. Emett, then acting as deputy, | continued, his mother having been recommended to succeed her hus- 1 band. Mrs. Mary Emett's commission was dated September 7, 1874, 1' and the office salary from 1872 had been $540 per year, which tells the jj growth of the town in a marked degree. In April, 1875, Mr. Walter T. Glover, and an old and popular citizen, received his commission as postmaster of Windsor, and is still holding \\ the position, having been in office nearly eight years. He has proven an | able, prompt and accommodating gentleman. OLD settler's REUNION AND TICNIC. The largest gathering ever seen at Windsor was on the i6th day of September, 1882, when some 3,000 people gathered together for picnic recreation and a reunion of the old settlers of the county, and some join- ing them over the line from Benton, Pettis and Johnson Counties. At half past nine the Windsor Cornet Band headed the procession, followed by the order of the Legion of Honor, then the old settlers, order of Good Templars, with the people efi masse, stretching out nearly a mile behind. After marching through the principal streets they pro- ceeded to Beaman's Grove, a beautifully shaded lawn, when they came to order under the direction of Col. G. W. Goodlette, the marshal of the day, who, with a few appropriate remarks, gave way to the introductory speech of the mayor of Windsor, which was received with applause. It was neat and appropriate to the occasion, and introduced the orator of the day, the Hon. John I. Martin, deputy grand commander of the A. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 397 L. of H., of St. Louis, whose eloquent speech was preceeded by an earn- est prayer from the lips of the Rev. E. B. Phillips. The speech of Mr. Martin was a literary gem, sparkling and elo- quent, with a fine display of oratorical power, combined with a voice of great volume and of singular sweetness. He was listened to with the deepest interest, and his peroration was a splendid effort, which went to the hearts of his hearers. The next was a piece appropriate to the occasion, well delivered by Mr. Mack Goodlett, and a speech by the eloquent Colonel P. H. Shel- ton, closed the forenoon proceedings, and dinner was announced, and it was most heartily enjoyed. Like the feast of old, it not only fed the multitude, but there were basket after basket full still left, and no one was turned away hungry. Colonel William H. McLane, of Clinton, and Major B. F. William- son made speeches after dinner full of the reminiscences of olden times, full of pathos and humor, which came right home to the hearts of the ■" old settlers." Mrs. S. A. Brown read in a clear, magnetic voice the reminiscence of " Will Carlton," and some excellent music was rcRdered by Miss Tennie Williamson, J. R. Bush and J. D. Linsay. Dr. J. W. Gray then stepped forward and made a short and exceedingly eloquent speech, which was received with with a universal expression of favor. This closed the exercises of the day, and the multitude dispersed, feeling thoroughly satisfied, knowing that they would cherish this reunion in their hearts, and which would prove to them a pleasant memory for TTiany long years. NEWSPAPERS. The Lingle Bros, commenced the publication of the Windsor Cou- rier in the year 1870 and continued about four years. On the closing out of the Courier Messrs. Hitchcock & Keyes started the Helmet in 1874 and continued not quite two years. Upon the ruins of the latter paper Mr. W. H. Walker started in January, 1876, the present Windsor Review, which commenced its eighth volume this January, 1883, in a very prosperous manner. It is ably supported by the Windsorites, is one of the brightest rural papers in the state and ever ready to sound a bugle note in praise of the city of its adoption. May its future prove as prosperous as its past has been successful. WINDSOR PUBLIC SCHOOL. While Windsor Township can boast of having one of the two first schools taught in the county, Windsor City can also come to the front with the fact that it has also one of the two finest brick school buildings 398 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. in the county, the Clinton Graded School building only exceeding it in cost and size. Windsor City was only a village of two years of age when Mr. Robert D. Means and a few other enterprising citizens put their shoul- ders to the wheel and put up a large fine log school house, the first named furnishing most of the money part. The school was a private, or subscription school, and when com- pleted Miss Ann Allen took possession and taught the first school and several terms after. Mr. George N. Pierce became the second teacher, ijj The school house was used as a church for several years. | The history of the Windsor school from i860 to 1870 was like all fl the others in the county. Demoralization, poverty, destruction of prop- erty, having caused a suspension, and required years for recuperation. \ In fact the entire state succumbed, and even the state school fund was 1 withheld for several years after the war, and not until the session of the i general assembly, after the election of B. Gratz Brown took action, was* ] the school fund replaced which had been wrongfully perverted in pre- i vious years. A state certificate of indebtedness of $900,000 was voted : to reimburse the state school fund. The Windsor school began about J the above date to exhibit new life. The people submitted to a local tax l without grumbling, but as the town grew rapidly it was found that a 1 large building was a necessity, and a still larger one would be in demand il in the near future. In the spring of 1877 the people of the school dis- i- trict, composing the town of Windsor, voted to raise $2,500 toward building a school building to meet the wants of the community. In 1878 they voted $1,000, and in 1879 $500 more was raised, making $4,000. The school board, however, had appointed a building committee, and they had purchased material and had the building under way, so that it was partly occupied in the winter of 1878-79. The size of the new school building was 34x60 feet, with a vestibule of 18x34 feet, used for school purposes, all two stories high and divided into two rooms above and below. The building was a good substantial brick, and costing when completed and furnished $4,800. The school board was composed of the following named gentlemen: W. J. Livingston, president; R. R. Majors and J. C. Beedy. Mr. N. C. Keyes was clerk. In 1882, the demand for more room became imperative, and a second building nearly equal to the first in size, was added at a cost of $3,400. The school board, through their building committee, took pride in thor- ough work at a reasonable cost, and they succeeded in erecting for less than $10,000 a school building, that in solid work, in the number of pupils it will seat, and in its handsome and substantial finish, cannot at this time be duplicated for much under $15,000. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 399 The district contains 450 children of school age, an enrollment of 380, and a regular attendance of something over 300 scholars. The present board of trustees are, J. C. Beedy, N. L. Stafford, George J. Shelton, Robert O. Ragan and Samuel Schwab. Mr. J. P. Allen is secretary. The present corps of teachers are, Professor W. H. Smith, county superintendent of schools, and an able educator, principal, assisted by Miss Kate Salmon, Miss Sally Gray, Mrs. S. A. Brown, Miss Minnie Keisor and Miss Ellen Douglas. The school opens in January, 1883, with a full average attendance, and every evidence of present and future prosperity. WINDSOR'S BUSINESS INTERESTS. Bass & Kelly, dry goods. Schwab, boots and shoes, and gro- ceries. Harnsberger & Ragan, dry goods. Livingston & Sons, dry goods. A. L. Clinkenbeard, jeweler. Colbow & Lewis, hardware. Gray & Son, groceries. James Douglas, grain dealer. W. J. Douglas, groceries. Cannon & Keys, groceries. Foster & Wall, groceries. Wall Bros., furniture. Melvin & Berry, furniture. Smith & Funk, drugs and medi- cines. H. B. McCleverty, real estate dealer. Miss Nannie C. Parks, millinery. . Miss Jennie Hooker, millinery. John Burnell, millinery goods. Delaney & Co., lumber merchants, Isaac E. Sobey, manager. W. J. Goforth, architect and builder. E. B. Phillips, carpenter and builder. Neale & Huey, photograph gallery. S. N. Floyd, confectionery. Baugh & Campbell, billiard hall. Mrs. McGee, boarding house. Allen & Lindsay, attorneys and insurance aeents. Parker & Son, dry goods and cloth- ing. H. C. Churchill, drugs and medicines. Hines & Co., dry goods. Shelton & Owsley, groceries and pro- duce. Stafford & Livingston, grain dealers. A. F. Wyard, harness and saddlery. N. E. Carpenter & Co., saddlery and harness. L W. Mitchell, groceries. Phillip Stair, hardware and stoves. Schwab, Majors & Owens, grain dealers. E. H. Mitchell, news, books and sta- tionery. Mrs. Moser, millinery and dress making. W. H. Ham, real estate and notary. Bailey, Sanborn & Morse, fruit evap- orator and fruit dealers. J. C. Beedy, lumber merchant. J. A. Calfee, grain and fruit. Arthur M. Morgan, notion store. Harris Owens, marble yard. Withers & Wesner, confectioners. O. Smith, restaurant. Shelton, Strauss & Bass, stock dealers. N. K. Chapman, attorney. William Tryon, building mover. 400 HISTORY OF HKNRV COUNTY. Waller & Black, attorneys. George W. Tryon, insurance agent. Dr. G. VV. Givens. Dr. Benjamin E. Dawson. Dr. Benjamin F. Smith. Drs. T. G. & R. L. Shadburne. Dr. John B. Brame, dentist. Dr. Moser, dentist. Bass House, James H. Bass, pro- Windsor Hotel, James Swisher, pro- prietor, prietor. William Moreland, meat market. Sylvester Cotton, meat market. Berton & Collins, livery and sale Mr. Richardson, livery stable. stable. Whittaker & Smith, barbers. C. S. Fogg, shoe shop. William Bull, shoe shop. Charles Robinson, novelty shop. G. W. Crawford, painter and glazier. Addison Cahill, painter. James Gillum, carpenter. John Chambers, carpenter. Isaac H. Glassburn, carpenter. Jackson Sympson & Son, fine iron Frank M. Ham, blacksmithing. work and blacksmithing. William Barnaman, wagon maker. An elevator company with a capital of $50,000 has been incorpor- ated, and will build the coming spring an elevator of 150,000 bushels capacity; also warehouse 50x100 feet, and all necessary machinery, shell- ing attachment, etc. WINDSOR SAVINGS BANK. This, the only banking institution in the city, received its charter January 17th, 1877, and in the following February opened its doors for business. Its first directory and list of officers who started it on the road of financial success, were: Directors— J. C. Beedy, V. K. Hines, R. W. Major, C. C. Morse, Emanuel Wolf, Henry C. Churchill, R^ M. Funk, J. H. Hines, W. J. Liv- ingstone, James M. Wall, George J. 5helton, E. J. Grippen and J. R. Chappell. Officers — J. C. Beedy, prest.; Emanuel Wolf, Sec; R. W. Major, .cashier. The stock of the bank is mostly owned by parties in and near town. Every share of the $50,000 capital is taken. Recently various improve- ments have been made in the building owned by the corporation, and also in the interior arrangements of the same. A fine fire and burglar proof vault has been built for the better protection of the money and ■valuable papers. This vault is of hard brick, built in with cement, and is about 6x8 feet on the inside. It is provided with double doors made by the celebrated Mosler Safe and Lock Company, Cincinnati. In the vault is one of Hall's burglar and fire proof safes, with two combination locks. We believe that this bank is absolutely burglar proof, as the vault and safe combined will defy all the assaults that may be made upon •them. Neither is it possible to force the cashier to open the safe, from ■the simple fact that it is impossible for him to do so alone. The combi- HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 4OI nation that opens the doors, of which there are four, are each one in possession of different parties, thus rendering it impossible for any one to open the entire set alone. An addition to the building is also being built. This is to be used for the directors' room, and will be quite a com- modious appartment, being sixteen feet long. The bank has been a suc- cess from the start and has the full confidence of the community. Its last financial statement, December 31st, 1882, is given below: RESOURCES. Loans undoubtedly good on personal or collateral security. .$31,315 06 Loans and discounts undoubtedly good on real estate security 11,129 80 Overdrafts by solvent customers 605 39 United States bonds on hand Other bonds and stocks at their present cash market price. . . Due from other banks, good on sight draft . . . 5,182 17 Real estate at present cash market value i,372 05 Furniture and fixtures 729 00 Checks and other cash items 106 26 Bills of National Banks and legal tender United States notes 4.400 00 Gold coin 800 00 Silver coin 872 60 Exchange maturing and matured Total $56,512 >3 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in $15 ,000 00 Surplus funds on hand 12,658 JJ Undivided declared dividends Deposits subj^t to draft — at sight 26,156 16 Deposits subject to draft at given dates 2,698 40 Due other bands and bankers Expenses now due Total $56,5 1 2 33 THE WINDSOR STEAM FLOURING MILLS •do a large business, grinding some 60,000 bushels of wheat annually, having four run of burrs, and also grind largely of corn, the brand of meal standing A i. The mills were erected in 1872 and are now owned by Erastus Weaver. THE WINDSOR CUSTOM MILLS are owned by W. G. and E. C. Crum. They have two run of burrs, and their mills are furnished with all late improvements. They do mostly a custom business, but still do a large exchange business in flour and meal ifor grain. 36 402 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. BRICKYARDS. W. H. Gray has a fine brickyard, the clay around Windsor being of a fine quality and making a bright red brick. He has a capacity to make anywhere from 100,000 to 1,000,000 brick, according to the demand. W. M, Smith is similarly situated and has all the paraphernalia of a first-class brickyard. These gentlemen also make the pressed brick. BROOM FACTORIES. The Star Broom Factory was started early in the fall of 1882 by Mr. L. A. Watson. The straw or brush is raised in the county, and Mr. Wat- son is turning out some fifty dozen brooms per week, ranging in price from $2 to $3.25 per dozen, and finds his chief market in St. Louis and Kansas City, but has customers in nearly all the towns around. The Pickerell & Douglas Broom Factory also opened in the fall of 1882, and are at this date, January, 1883, turning out from forty to fifty dozen per week, with orders increasing on them. They find about the same market as the first named, and like them will increase their facili- ties to meet the demands of trade. This closes the account of the present manufacturing interests of Windsor, but there are flattering prospects of an important increase. ITEMS. There are sixty-three business houses in Windsor: six manufac- tories, one bank, two hotels, five lawyers, two insurance agents, five physicians, two dentists, one Good Templar hall, and not a single saloon, five churches, one graded school building, one newspaper, two justices of the peace, Squire R. F. Taylor and Squire William Goodin. The township of Windsor has eight district or public schools, the largest number of any township in the county. GENERAL NOTES FROM THE WINDSOR REVIEW, JANUARY, 1 883. The Windsor Savings Bank was founded in the winter of 1877. In its seven years existence the Review has missed one is.sue, caused by death in the family. Windsor has trebled her population and more than quadrupled her valuation in seven years. History repeats itself. Seven years ago W. J. Colbow was mayor of Windsor, a position he again holds. For the first nine months the Review was run on an old-fashioned Novelty press, printing one page at a time. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 403 Mr. J. W. Agee and Miss Ellen Douglass then kept the village school — a task now keeping busy six good teachers. Seven years ago Windsor thought herself well supplied, musically, with two pianos and a few organs. Now there are twenty-four pianos in town and an organ in nearly every house. The old building on Main Street, east of W. J. Livingston's resi- dence property, now used as a dwelling, is the first store house put up in Windsor. It was put up by Mr. R. F. Taylor, still a resident of the town, in 1853, and used as a store house and postoffice. Something remarkable is that in the seven years there has been but one fire of any consequence in the city limits. This was the dwelling of G. L. Neale which was destroyed in the fall of 1880. A few slight-^ blazes have at times startled our people somewhat but not as much as they should be. The Windsor Cornet Band, now broken up, was organized in Sep- tember, 1876, and composed of the following members: W. J. Colbow, J. Regal, S. Schwab, N. C. Keyes, J. K. Chambers, D. McGee, E. N. Jerome, William Moreland, William Major, F. C. Livingston, J. S. Dun- can, E. R. Glover, W. J. Ham, W. H. Walker. SHIPMENTS. The following is a statement of the business done at this station, Windsor, for five months, from August i, to December 31, 1882: CAR LOADS FOR\VARDED. Apples 31 Logs 6 Coal 61 Flax Seed 47 Wheat 3 Oats 27 Cattle 81 Sheep 13 Hogs 27 Broom Corn 118 Scrap Iron 2 Lumber i Corn 40 Total 457 TICKET AND FREIGHT RECEIPTS. Amount Ticket Sales $ 5.463 20 Amount Freight Receipts 8,645 00 Total $ 14, 108 20 J. A. FULTZ, Agent. 404 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY bird's EYE VIEW. Windsor has a beautful location about one half mile from the rail- road depot, on rising ground, which overlooks a vast expanse of prairie in all directions, richly dotted with magnificent farms, neat farm houses and well- filled barns. It is something worthy of notice, for it tells plainly of an energetic, enterprising and moral people. Windsor is settled with such, and with her handsome High School building, some splendid residences that would grace a city counted by its tens of thousands inhabitants, and many fine ones, her neat churches, and fine brick business blocks, Windsor can be proud of all. Thirty years ago where all this stands, a city of enterprise, deer roamed and the turkey could be found. Wolves howled out their melodious song, and all these were hunted and killed where to-day civilization has planted itself, and material progress marks an era of its own. What its future maybe, none can tell, but that it will be one of progress, lighted by the steps of a moral and Christian people, none need doubt, and to that which we be- lieve, will be its course, it is left to its bright future. CHAPTER XXVIl. DEEPWATER TOWNSHIP. WHEN SETTLED— ITS EARLY PIONEERS-ITS TERRITORY— DEEPWATER ORGANIZED— ARRIVALS— POST OFFICE— GERMANTOWN— WHEN SETTLED— HOW IT GREW— ITS POPULATION-ITS RANK— ITS BOUNDARY UNDER THE NEW LAW— ITS FIRST ELEC- TION OF OFFICERS— WHO THEY WERE- THE CITY OF MONTROSE— ITS FIRST INCOR- PORATION AS A TOWN— THE FIRES OF 1872 AND 1875— AFTER THE FIRE— FINANCIAL- SOME TOWN OFFICERS— HOW THE MARSHAL GOT RICH— CITY OF MONTROSE— FIRST MAYOR— CHURCHES— SCHOOL AND LODGES-BUSINESS-SHIPPING-WILLIAM TYREE, THE OLD PIONEER. WHEN SETTLED. This township was settled in 1835 and the first settler was a man by the name of Morris. He settled on Deepwater Creek on section 7. Another by the name of Shelton settled about two miles down the creek on section 5- These were the first two. The Graggs came in 1837, so also did William McCown. John C. Stone came in 1839, but late in the year William Tyree, the oldest man in Henry County, now living at the age of ninety-two years, settled on section 18. Henry Walbert and his sister, Elizabeth, settled on section 4. John Schmedding lived with the Walberts, and in the next year, 1840, married Elizabeth Walbert. The marriage ceremony was at the . residence of the bride's brother and was performed by the Rev. Amasa Jones. This was the first wedding in the township. The township was then called Grand River, but an influx of settlers in 1839 and 1840 caused a new township to be formed, called "Deepwa- ter." The township is noted for its beautiful prairies, high and rolling, its wooded streams, rich soil and its productive capacity. It lies in the extreme southwest corner of the county, and fully one-half of the town- ship is tributary in the way of trade to Appleton City and the other half to Montrose. A branch of Deepwater rises, with numerous heads fed by springs, in the west and southern central part of the township, and, running east, leaves the township near the center on the east side. Main Deepwater enters the township from Bates County a little over three miles from its southern border, and passes through to the northwestern part of the township, and, with its branches, gives an abundance of water for all farm purposes. The stretch of prairie which 406 1 HISTORY OF HENR\ COUNTY. covers two-thirds of the township in a body running from the northeast to the southwest, sloping from the divide, both eas^ and west, is as pretty i piece of tillable land as this or any other county can boast of, and is free from the hard pan which underlies so much of the prairie land in Uie southeast portion of Bates County. Th^ township is now six miles square, being a congressional town- ship, bi|t when taken from Grand River Township, or as originally organized, it was composed of all of the present townships of Deep- water, Walker, a part of White Oak, all of Bear Creek, and a portion of Davis, Clinton and Fairview. A month latter the line was changed, leaving out Clinton and Fairview. It was a pretty good sized township and remained so for years. Here is its first organization: 1 * ' ' DEEPWATER. Thetownship was organized in July, 1840, and its metes and bounds were defined with the following order: "Ordered that an additional township be taken off of Grand River Township to be called "Deep- water," as follows: Beginning at the county line of Van Buren County, (now Cass) on the divide between Grand River and Deepwater; thence down said divide in a northeasterly direction to the range, line between 25 and 26 (in August following it was changed to range line between 26 and 27); thence south to the county line; thence west to the southwest corner of Rives County; thence to the beginning." The first election was at the regular annual election in August. The judges were John C. Stone, Alexander Gragg and William McCown, and the election precinct was the house of Alexander Gragg. Who was elected or to what offices was not of record. Mr. Alexander Gragg, however, was appointed a justice of the peace for the township on the following June, 1841. ARRIVALS. In 1842 quite a number of settlers had moved to the township. At that time Deepwater was the principal point of settlement all along its banks, and much of which is now Walker Township, was located with claims, the new comers following the stream, sometimes going a half a mile or more from it, but keeping water and timber in close compan- ionship. In 1857 Dr. Stewart built the first house at Germantown, and Jacob Goldsmith had the first store there the same year. This store was in a little frame building Dr. Stewart put up for his office and Mr. Goldsmith moved into it. The doctor then put up a larger building into which Goldsmith moved. The town was built on Mark Stewart's land. The doctor's residence was some 200 yards from the place where this new store was located, and Mr. Goldsmith boarded with the doctor. .; HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 407 A person by the name of McClenhan also moved there,., and it became quite a settlement and eventually a town. John H.{ Austin bought a lot something like a half acre in 1857 ^^^ P^id $38 for'it. Deepwater Post Office was first opened at John C. Stone's, tn 1850- His cabin was some three miles east of Germantown, on sectior^ i. He held the office for, some five years, when John H. Austin took it to his cabin, on section 34, now Walker Township, until i860, when James Gates, from Kentucky, took it and located it at his cabin on sedtion 22, two miles north of Austin. It remained there two years, and it was returned to Mrs. Austin's, a widow, where it remained late in 1864. The office was removed to Germantown, with Edwin Taylor as the first post- master. He was at the time a mail contractor on a " star route," but that was a good many years ago, before " Brady and Dorsey " had kchieved greatness and notoriety. The post office was still called Deepwater, and its name was really never changed. The office was, however, discontin- ued. Germantown is now dead, but it had once a living history. What was death to Germantown was life to Montrose, and this life and death was caused by the location of the then Tebo & Neosho Railroad, now the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Division of the Missouri Pacific. William Tyree was the first man to settle on the open prairie, and it took six yoke of oxen to break them. The Indians roamed through the country for several years after the white settlers made it their home, but they were never troublesome. The first church was a Catholic Church, built on Mr. Schmedding's land, about one and a half miles from where Germantown was afterwards located. Deepwater Township settled up steadily. There was no rush of immigrants, but as the years passed by, it attracted the attention of pros- pectors, who invariably made it their home when farming was their desire. VILLAGE OF GERMANTOWN. When the village of Germantown started in 1857 the Catholics removed their church there. The southwestern portion of the township did not settle up until several years later. Germantown, however, became quite a village, and it was the busi- ness point of quite an extensive scope of country. The settlers on the eastern side of Bates County done most of their trading there, and it probably suffered less than most villages during the civil war. There was not much — only a store or two and a half dozen families — to tempt the cupidity of either the Jayhawkers or the Bushwhackers. Until 1870 Germantown seemed to have a bright future, but the location of the rail- road three miles away gave it its death blow. 408 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. At that time, 1870, the village had three general stores, one furni- ture store, two grocery stores, one drug store, two blacksmith shops and one saloon. When Montrose was located the town moved bodily over to the station and only one grocery store of all the business houses remained, and that was the last of this old settler. The Catholic Church, the old stone church, still remains there, and has since been enlarged and improved. The history of this church was promised the writer, but for some reason has never come to hand, although twice sought. This may also be said of the Methodist Church North, Catholic and Baptist Churches of Montrose. The "Stone Chapel" was organized by the Cumberland Presbyterian Church in 1866 at Ger- mantown. In 1869 the name was changed to "Camp Branch," and in April, 1871, to the Montrose Cumberland Presbyterian Church. The building at Germantown was purchased by the Catholic congregation at that place, and this is the church which was added to and otherwise improved. HOW IT GREW. Deepwater under its old boundary of three or four of the present sized townships, improved about as rapidly as any section of the county. It was the second township in point of population in the county in 1870. It then had a population of 2,055. At the census of 1880 it contained 1,652 inhabitants, after a territory equal to three congressional town- ships had been taken from it. It is now fourth on the list, being led first by Clinton, then Windsor and Tebo, the latter having but seventy- three greater population. In 1872 it was divided into two voting pre- cincts. In 1871 Montrose was founded, and in 1872 it had its first fire, on the night of September 14th, burning Chamberlain & Co.'s agricul- tural warerooms — loss $4,000; Boyd & Bro.'s dry goods — loss $5,000; the city scales and two stacks of hay. The fire was supposed to have been the work of an incendiary, who first robbed and then set fire to Boyd's store. Their money drawer was found during the following day in Kerr's lumber yard, minus its contents. In 1873, under the new town- ship organization law, its metes and bounds were thus given: NO. 16, DEEPWATER. Composed of all of congressional township No. 40, of range No. 28. The first election under the new law and within its present bounds, resulted as follows: Supervisor — M. A. Stewart. Clerk— W. F. Carter. Assessor — Van Brown. Collector — Joseph Patton. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 4O9 Constable — William E. Bundy. Justices of the Peace — E. Z. Davis, George W. Dunn. The township is settling quite fast and its capital city, Montrose, is considered one of the growing cities of the county, and a shipping point of considerable importance. Its history is here appended. TOWN OF MONTROSE. is located on a part of sections 13 and 14, on lands of Joseph Patton and D. C. Cross. Mr. Brad Robinson built the first house and also was the first merchant in the place, but was soon followed by the greater part of the business houses of GermanttDwn. The town started out with quite a population, receiving most of the inhabitants of German- town, as above stated, and the business concentrated at that point. It fairly started in 1871 and in 1872 was well under way as a thriving town. It continued to grow until the night of March 24, 1875, when what is known as the "big fire" took place which swept Kansas Avenue from Fourth Street to the railroad, the main business block of the city, destroying eleven business houses and their contents, aggregating nearly $75,000. It seemed like a death blow, but the business men met their fate like veterans and at once went to work to rebuild their waste places, and regain their fallen fortune. Just one year before the town had been incorporated and the records of the year were burned. The Cumberland Presbyterian Church records were destroyed, and the post- office lay amidst the burning ruins. But never say die while heart and brain and willing hands were left and Montrose arose from her ashes. INCORPORATION OF MONTROSE. The petition for the incorporation of the "town of Montrose," was presented to the court for action July 23, 1874, and the court granted the prayer of the petitioners the same day, in words following: "Now at this day comes Joseph Capehart, attorney for petitioners, and presents to the court here a petition signed by more than two-thirds of the taxable inhabitants of the town of Montrose, in said Henry County, Missouri, setting forth the metes and bounds of their town and com- mons, and praying that they may be incorporated, and a police estab- lished for their local government, and for the preservation and regulation of any commons, appertaining to such town. And the same coming On to be heard by the court, and the same being heard and fully under- stood, and the court being satisfied that two-thirds of the taxable inhabi- tants of said town of Montrose, within the metes and bounds sought to be incorporated, have signed the petition here for, and that the prayer of said petitioners is reasonable. It is therefore ordered adjudged and decreed, and the court doth declare that the town of Montrose, in the county of Henry and state of Missouri, and the territory in the follow- ing metes and bounds, to wit: 410 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Commencing at the southwest corner of section 13; (township and range not stated); thence due east 48^ yards to Mr. Patton's land; thence north 96I yards; thence east lOif yards; thence north 100 yards; thence east 290 yards to the quarter section line; thence north on said line 660 yards to the half mile line; thence west on said line, crossing into section number 14, 880 yards; thence south 880 yards to section 23; thence south on said line of section 23, 220 yards; thence east 440 yards to section line dividing sections 23 and 22; thence on said line 220 yards to place of beginning, be and the same is hereby duly incorporated under the name and style of the ' Inhabitants of the Town of Montrose,' and the court doth further appoint and designate J. G. Thorton, J. D. Cox, W. W. Childs, W. H. Merrick and J. B. McKay, inhabitants and householders of said town, as a board of trustees of the inhabitants of the town of Montrose, to continue in office as such trustees until their successors are elected and qualified." From that day the town grew and prospered, and after the fire again took a start, which it has kept up, and it still maintains itself as the third business station on the road in the county. They have a fire about once a year, but the one of 1872, and that of 1875, are the only ones specially remembered. AFTER THE FIRE. The board of trustees met March 30, 1875, and took into considera- tion the general situation. They caused a synopsis of the records of the preceding year to be written up from memory so far as possible, to remedy the loss by fire. A jail was built for $87 by John Culbertson, and a public well was dug by the city and a force pump purchased by the business men and property holders. The pump was guaranteed against frost and $30 was paid for it, but it froze solid, and this somewhat disgusted the purchas- ers and showed them how far a pump man would go to effect a sale and a sell. The town trustees also investigated the origin of the " big fire," and summed up their verdict as follows: " That the fire originated in the post office through the use of a defective stove." The citizens' verdict was, the stove was attended by a " defective man," and the two together may be said to have been the real cause of the fire. Like almost all similar cases, the " two defectives" lost a good deal less than anybody else. FINANCES. The board of trustees also examined their financial standing after the fire, and their statement is given below: J. Culbertson, calaboose $ 87 00 W, H. Davis, printing 23 oo HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 4II Trustee's salary $ 61 00 Trustee and clerk (both one) 20 00 Total debt, April 5, 1875 $191 00 The old board of trustees were re-elected, except J. D. Cox, who was succeeded by William F. Carter, but there were a dozen changes or so during the year, both among the trustees and the appointments of the board. A sort of a chronic fit of resignation possessed them. They collected a tax of $q6, and the old board of trustees who held longest deducted $10 each from their account, and two others who had only earned some $2 and $3 each contributed this sum to the general fund and bankruptcy was driven off. There were some few changes and resignations in 1876, but not so bad as the previous year. The most serious trouble was with the town marshal. This official got a salary the first year of $10, and having commenced to build a fine residence befitting his station, he found himself short, and, cormorant like, wanted his salary raised He did not plead in vain, and he got $1.50 per month that year, that of 1877. The town election was held in April, 1877, and the following consti- tuted the board: Joseph Lennartz, Chairman; William Drummond, T. A. Murray, E. Z. Davis and Robert Mesic. The latter also clerk. T. A. Murray, Treasurer. E. Z. Davis, Collector. E. B. Suggs, Marshal. William M. Kerr, Assessor. 1878. Trustees — E. Z. Davis, J. B. Alspach, William J. Strawn, Thomas A. Murray and Dr. Charles H. Watkins. Charles H. Watkins, Treasurer. E. Z. Davis, Chairman. Thomas A Murray, Clerk. William J. Strawn, Assessor and Collector. 1879. Elisha Blew, Chairman. C. H. Watkins, Treasurer. O. F. Johnson, Clerk. J. B. Alspatch and L. P. Klutts, all trustees. John Howard, Marshal In 1878 the town marshal again came to the front and got an increase of salary. This time about $30 per year, but in 1879 the board of trustees were satisfied that he was accumulating too much wealth, 412 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. and promptly reduced his salary to $2 per month, allowing him the privilege of paying his own board and washing, as usual. Mr. John Howard was the marshal, and he stuck it out that year, but in 1880 he closed down on the board, and demanded $50 per annum or no marshal. He got it. 1880. The election returns were as follows, for trustees : Elisha Blew, Chairman. John Key, Treasurer and Trustee. Henry Walfert, Collector and Trustee. O. F. Johnson, Clerk and Trustee. J. J. Knowlton, Trustee. John Howard, Marshal, The meetings of the board that year were about half the time signed, O. F. Johnson & Co., clerk, getting his clerkship slightly mixed. The year 188 1 opened with some real progress. Many good build- ings were erected, and the fire of six years before, if not forgotten, at least was not thought of, only in connection with a little more prudence and caution. The finances of the town began to improve, the marshal's salary was raised to $10 per month, in lieu of $10 per annum, the salary of its first year. The new board was: James Lennarts, chairman; Leon- ard Bell, J. W. Dawson, Vincent Gwynn, and George W. Dunn, the lat- ter being also clerk. This was another year of resignations and changes. FINANCIAL. Taxes received for the year ending April 5, 1882 $446 70 On hand, April 188 1 99 40 Total $546 10 Paid out 496 37 Balance $49 73 TRUSTEES, 1882. J. J. Knowlton, J. B. Alspach, W. I. Strawn, J. H. Vicars and George W. Dunn. James H. Vicars, Chairman. G. W. Dunn, Clerk. J. J. Knowlton, Treasurer. W. I. Strawn, Collector, and elected Marshal at $16 per month. A petition was presented to the board of trustees at their June meeting, 1882, to submit to the citizens the proposition to form a city of the fourth class. It was favorably acted upon, and the town, July 24th, HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 413 divided into two wards. The election came off September 4th, 1882, and carried pretty unanimously. A ticket for mayor and councilmen was put forth, and elected at the same time. The ticket which gave the first offices of the city government was as follows: CITY OFFICERS ELECTED. George W. Dunn, Mayor. Aldermen — J. W. Murfield, J. B. Alspach, A. E. Daswell and Joseph Lennartz. A. E. Daswell, President. T. C. Linn, Clerk. H. S. Marvin, Treasurer. W, C. McDonnell, Marshal and Street Commissioner. Salary mayor $ 50 Each alderman 25 Clerk 50 Marshal 300 The first meeting of the city council was September 12th, 1882. CHURCHES. The first church erected in Montrose was the Baptist Church, it being removed from Germantown almost bodily in 1871. This same church was blown down in 1882, when a heavy wind storm passed over the city. It has been again rebuilt, and a very neat place of worship is furnished the congregation. There is a Catholic Church, put up a few years since. This is not a large, but pleasantly located church. The Methodist Church has no church edifice of its own, but is in a flourishing condition with strong hopes of being able to erect a church before many months have passed. The promises of a more extended history of these churches have failed to reach the writer. FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH was established in 1871, the Rev. Benjamin F. Powelson being its first pastor. He was followed by Rev. William Newton in 1873; Rev. R. Dodd, in 1874; Rev. James Watkins, in 1879, and the present pastor is the Rev. James Allen. The church has a membership of forty-five and has a handsome church building erected at a cost of $1,400. CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH was erected in 1872 at the cost of $1,500. The church has been stead- ily growing since its organization. At the " big fire " in March, 1875, 414 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. the church papers and records in the possession of Mr. J. G. Thornton, clerk of the session, were burned with his store and contents. The membership of the church at the time was sixty-one, and the board of elders were James Patten, J. G. Thornton, Adam Shamberger and James Gilbert. Board of Deacons — Robert Mesic, Isaac Langley, and E. Z. Davis. The church was dedicated July ii, 1876, and the dedication sermon was by the Rev. Moad, of Clinton. JANUARY 1883. Deacons — Isaac Langley, Hugh Patton. Elders — J. V. Ingles, Joseph Patton, James Gilbert and J. G. Thorn- ton, j Its membership now numbers 105. d ,i M. E. CHURCH, .SOUTH. i The Methodist Episcopal Church, South, numbers a membership of ' thirty, with a large attendance. The denomination are now erecting a : handsome and substantial place of worship, which is expected to be ' fully completed first of April. Finished the cost will be $2,000, and when furnished something over that sum. The church was organized in 1876, and its first pastor was the Rev. R. H. Shafer, and followed in the order named by the Rev. Bathurts, T. D. Payree, and S. P. Sicloll. The present pastor is the Rev. Mr. Briggs. i EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS. i ] The first school taught under the auspices of the Montrose School ! Board was in 1870 in an old house in the woods, one mile south of the town. A Mr. Black was the teacher. In 1871, Mr. Ching taught in a house, which stood near the present \ site of the depot. He also taught a term in the Baptist Church. The building was destroyed by the cyclone in April 1882. In the winter of 1872, a Mr. Wheeler and Miss Ada Taylor taught in a warehouse, near the English House. Mr. Wheeler was discharged on account of intem- perance. The Presbyterian Church was the next building used as a school room, Mr. Powelson and Mattie Parks being employed as teachers In 1873, the present building was erected by Mr. Culbertson, of Illinois- Mr. Hanna was the first teacher, and he was succeeded by Mr. Powel- son again, assisted by Miss Effie May. He was employed again, but taught but a short time, there being some dissatisfaction. Mr. Parks finished the term and continued in the school for three years. In 1879, Mr, Head was employed with Miss Mary Gathright as assistant, but the former HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 41$ only a short time, Mr. Milton completing the term. The latter was fol- lowed by W. H. Smith, who succeeded in grading the school and secured the adoption of the rules and course of study. He was succeeded by J. M. Thompson, and in 1882 Mr. J. Meyers, with M. T. Lyim, and Miss O. M. Gorham were employed. Mr. Meyers was discharged at the end of three months, he being the fifth teacher discharged from the Montrose schools in a space of ten years. The school is at present under the man- agement of G. K. Madison. The district was extended in 1878, to include some contiguous ter- ritory. The enumeration for the last three years has been in 1880, 192 scholars, in 1881, 200, and in 1882, 216. The school building is a large 'two story frame building, two rooms above and two below, with a vestibule. It is not yet quite finished, but to this time, $1,800 have been expended. To complete it as it is intended, will require nearly, if not quite, $500 more. It is situated on a hand- some lot, and convenient, being centrally located in the city. In addition to the graded school there are five other public schools in the township, all in a progressive condition. A. O. U. w. Beacon Lodge, No. 148, was organized in Montrose, August 11, 1879,. with the following charter members: E. W. Berry, J. J. Knowlton,W. R. Smoot, James Bennett, H. W. Fennimore, Al. Booher, D. C. Cross, G. W. Dunn, O. D. Allison, William Drummond, A. E. Daswell, Andrew Wall, Charles H. Watkins, William Johnson, William Clagan, Seth Cald- well, Sol. Kahn, Mathias Hagman, Matthew Mitchell, Louis Hutchinson, William Vance, Peter Niggly, G. W. Kountz, J. O. Clark, L. P. Slaughter. OFFICERS. E. W. Berry, M. W.; J. J. Knowlton, P. M. W.; W. R. Smoot, G.; H. W. Fennimore, F. S.; Andrew Wall, Receiver; A. E. Daswell, Recorder; James Bennett, Foreman; D. C. Cross, Overseer; William Drummond, I. W.; Al. Booher, O. W.; Charles H. Walkins, E. P. The Beacon Lodge united, or amalgamated, on August 11, 1882, with St. Clair Lodge, No. 104, of Appleton City. The membership at Montrose is eighteen. Election for officers of the order took place at Appleton City, January 3, 1883. A further report of the order will be found in the history of Appleton City, in another part of this work. In 1880 a paper was started, called the Montrose Village News but it was published but some three or four months and then suspended. Doubtless the town would support a weekly paper, giving good evidence 4l6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. of ability to publish local news. It would prove of great value to the town. ITS SHIPPING INTERESTS. The following shows the shipments from Montrose from September 1881 to September 1882, just one year. It is a handsome showing and and taken by A. E. Das well from the books: No. Cars. Cattle • 223 Hogs 145 Horses 2 Sheep 4 Flax seed 71 Wheat 25 Oats 16 Corn 5 Broom corn 19 Iron 2 Household goods 5 Machinery i Total 518 Station receipts from freight and tickets $36,000 per year. MONTROSE BUSINESS HOUSES. J. K. Whitehead & Son, hardware, J. G. Thornton, druggist. implements and furniture. Dr. Schilling, M. D. and surgeon. G. W. Dunn, lawyer, real estate W. A. Campbell & Bro., shoe shop. and insurance agent. Wright & Coles, dry goods and O. F. Johnson, hardware and furni- clothing. ture. W. E. Ford, barber. R. A. Guynn, druggist. T. M. Miller, butcher. L. P. Klutts, harness shop. Dorman & Son, dry goods. R. D. Coleman, confectioner. P. Applenalp, saddlery. Mrs. W. Balderson, millinery. T. M. Miller, groceries. Misses Feland, dressmakers. Mrs. A.Gardner, milliner and dress- F. M. Curtis, groceries. maker. H. S. Marvin, banker. J. H. Vickars, real estate agent. George Coleman, notion house. J. B. Mackay, druggist. William Kloer, blacksmith. V. Moseman, wagon maker. Dr. E. S. Moad, physician and Dr. C. H. Watkins, physician and surgeon. surgeon. D. B. Watts, photographer. D. M. Giltner, barber. J. W. Murfield, confectioner. J. Emert, watchmaker. Misses Sparks & Tucker, milliners. Baum Bros., dry goods and clothing. G. A. Van Hall, saloon. Sol. Kahn, dry goods and clothing. ■HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 417 O. F. Johnson, grain dealer. J. D. Erhart, restaurant and S. Paxton, grain dealer and eleva- baker. tor. S. Pettit, hotel. Ed. Taylor, liveryman. W. Y. English, hotel. S. Paxton, miller. J. J. Knowlton, miller. J. J. Knowlton, lumber yard. Blew Bros., lumber yard. W. A. Best, wagon maker. W. H. Balderson, blacksmith. BANKING HOUSE OF H. S. MARVIN & CO. The following is a statement of the financial condition of the bank at the close of business on the 15th day of December, 1882: RESOURCES. Loans undoubtedly good on personal or collateral security.. .$ 3,471 65 Due from other banks good on sight draft 5,323 02 Furniture and fixtures 584 25 Checks and other cash items loi 00 Bills of national banks and legal tender United States notes, 2,374 00 Gold coin 25 00 Silver coin 605 93 Total $12,484 85 LIABILITIES. Capital stock paid in $ 5,000 00 Undivided profits 27 33 Deposits subject to draft, at sight 7,257 52 Deposits subject to draft, at given dates 200 00 Total $12,484 85 It is mentioned previously that the Baptist Church was destroyed by a wind storm in 1882. This storm also destroyed the Campbellite Church, the business house of Mr. Gragg and two residences, one o^ which was completely destroyed, no portion being found. This was the most violent storm ever experienced by the city. In closing the history of Deepwater, we cannot do better than to give a short biographical sketch of Mr. William Tyree, one of its earl- iest settlers and the oldest man now living in Henry County, who will reach the age of ninety-two years on June 10, next. Not only this but he is a remarkable man, and his health and strength is wonderful for one of his years. The article is taken from the Henry County Demo- crat of August, 1882. William Tyree was born in Amherst County, Virginia, June 10, 1791. He was taken to Tennessee while yet an infant, grew up there, and about 27 4l8 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1820 was married to Anna Manning. His family was one of the three families who moved to Cooper County, Missouri, in 1829. In those days emigrants often carried all their effects on horseback and moved that way. Mr. Tyree once saw a woman leading a cow on which were packed her bed and two children. But this party of emigrants had quite an aristocratic outfit. They made up a four-horse team, attached it to a large wagon to haul the goods and feeble ones of the party. They num- bered twenty-one persons in all. Mr. Tyree had $2 left when he reached Missouri. After two years' residence in Cooper County Mr. Tyree moved to Johnson County and lived there until 1839, when he moved to the south- west part of Henry County and settled on the south side of Deepwater in what is now section 18, township 40, range 28. He set up a black- smith shop, it being the only one for an unknown distance southwest ol Clinton. The houses of those days were, of course, without windows, as glass was very scarce. They were log cabins with puncheon floors and roofed with shakes. Provisions were plenty, as deer, turkeys, wild honey and wild fruit were abundant. Stock lived the greater part of the year on the range, and what grain was needed was easily raised. Hogs would multiply and grow fat on the mast alone. They kept sheep, raised flax and cotton and manufactured all their wearing apparel. To be sure, their market was not very good, but that mattered little, as they raised all they needed, and taxes were low. The greed for the almighty dollar was not so universal as now. People were all sociable, and a friendly spirit existed among the pioneers. Mr. Tyree divided his time between farming, blacksmithing and hunting. He has killed and brought home five deer in a day. One fall he killed five bucks before he missed a shot. People came great distances to his shop to get plows made and sharpened. He made a plow for a man named Gilbert that turned a furrow two feet wide, and as he was plowing with it on the south side of Osage River, three miles below Papinville, he brought to light a ton of iron that had been buried by a mission party, who had there met with Indian troubles some years before Harmony Mission was established. Mr. Tyree bought considerable of the iron at five cents per pound. There were some guns with it ruined by rust, but the iron was of excellent quality. Scmedding at Germantown, two miles away, was the nearest neigh- bor in Henry County. Hiram Snodgrass, over in Bates, was only a quar- ter of a mile away. There were only fifteen or twenty houses in Clin- ton. On account of so much sickness in the family, Mr. Tyree in a few years moved away from the creek to the high prairie, near where he now lives, three miles southwest of Montrose, and that immediate neighbor- HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 419 hood has ever since been his home. Plenty of Indians were about, but they gave the settlers no trouble. When the civil war came on Mr. Tyree favored the south, but the family were not unanimous, as one son, William, went into the Confed- erate army, and one, Levi, into the home guards. Being seventy years old at the outbreak of the war, he did no military duty. He yet retains his faculties to a remarkable degree, shoots his rifle with the same unerring aim as of old and does not use glasses to aid his sight. Three years since he got a ten dollar prize at the fair at Apple- ton City for presenting the scalps of ninety rabbits killed by himself A few weeks since he walked four miles to the timber, cut and split eighty- eight rails, and walked back, reaching home at four o'clock. He- remarked to the reporter that he could easily have made out the lOO,. but for the walk that tired him. He challenges any man living who is over seventy years old to compete with him in shooting, walking, and rail making. As he was ninety-one June 10, 1882, this is offering heavy odds. Mrs. Tyree died March 3, 1875- They raised six children. The first, Elizabeth, is now Mrs. Stewart, who lives in north Mis- souri. The second, Levi, lives near his father. The third, William, was killed in the southern army. The fourth, Joseph, lives with his father, Jerry and Francis were both killed by lightning. CHAPTER XXVllI. TEBO, SHAWNEE AND FIELDS' CREEK TOWNSHIPS. TEBO— HISTORIC— PIONEERS OF 1830 TO 1835— THE NORTH CAROLINA COLONY— POPULA- TION AND BOUNDARY THE OLD SETTLERS OF TEBO— CALHOUN— BOUNDED IN 1836 — AMBITIOUS-ITS FIRST SETTLERS, STORES. ETC—INCORPORATION OF CALHOUN— THE GREAT FIRE— HANDSOME LOCATION— POSTMASTERS— BUSINESS- PROFESSIONS. SHAWNEE— THE GARDEN SPOT OF HENRY COUNTY— ABOUT i83i-THE NAME— SHAW- NEE MOUND— CHURCHES, SCHOOL AND BUSINESS-HUNTINGDALE— WHEN FOUNDED PRESENT BUSINESS— THE CHURCHES OF THE TOWNSHIP— LODGES- ITS HOUNDARY. FIELDS' CREEK— ITS METES AND BOUNDS-AREA IN ACREb— ITS STREAMS, PRAIRIES AND WOOD LANDS-EARLY PIONEERS-IHE FIRST STORE— ONE OF THE NORTH CAROLINA COLONY— OTHER SETTLERS -CHURCHES, SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES-ITS POPULATION IN 1880 TEBO TOWNSHIP. This township is historic. It once composed all of Johnson and Henry Counties and took in half of St. Clair, but in May, 1834, it was turned into Springfield Township by the Lafayette County Court, and it remained Springfield until May 5th, 1835, when the first county court, sitting at Henry Avery's, changed it back to Tebo and gave it a boundary which covered one-fourth of the present county of Henry. It was one of the four original townships, of which Rives, now Henry, was composed. The first settler was Henry Avery, July lOth, 183 1, settling on section 10. It is hardly necessary to follow in detail the rise, pro- gress and the settlement of the township. Being one of the original four, much of its history will be found in the pages of the old settlers, and in the official part of Henry Count}^ history. There were the Barkers, Wades, Averys, Palmer, Nash, Fields, Wileys, Askins and a few others, who gave to Tebo a solid advance in prosperity, and led the van of civilization in Henry County. It is one •of the largest townships in the county as now formed, covering an area ■of nearly seven miles square, one section in the northeast corner being taken off and placed in Windsor Township. This gave it forty-eight sections of land, or 30,720 acres. Coal crops out in eight sections, but veins underlie nearly the whole township. Tebo Creek and its branches, west branch of Tebo and Little Tebo Creek, with their small tributaries, just cover the whole township. Innumerable springs are found and water is everywhere that it is wanted. Timber in abundance lines the streams, and prairies spread themselves HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 42 1 over the remaining portion of the township. It is a big stock country, for the grasses grow indigenous. Water abundant, corn a great crop, would give it the home of the stock raiser, unless he wanted to go to Texas and purchase a whole county. The first election ever held in the county was in this township, in August, 1832, at Alfred Askins' house. The second was at Avery's. The third was at the house of Colby S. Stevenson, at the August election, 1S36. Addison Young was the first preacher, but both Henry Avery and Colby S. Stevenson were ministers. The first school was taught by Mr. Stevenson, a private one, in the southeast portion of the township in an old log hut. In 1835 a log school house was erected, and the school was largely attended for those days. The house was built in section 16 on the farm owned now by Dr. John Bronaugh, and was first taught by Benjamin L. Durrett. The scholars who attended the first school were, J T. Barker, Eliza Ann Barker (now Mrs. Covington), R. L. Avery, William L. Avery, P. G . Avery, Robert Wade, Pleasant Wade, Fennel Wade, John Wiley, Rob- ert Brummet and Alexander Brum.met, the last two children of John Brummet, who lived in Johnson County, about half a mile from the county line. They came about five miles. There were other scholars to the number of thirty in all, and one dollar per scholar was charged for their tuition. NORTH CAROLINA COLONY. There was little to mar the serenity of the people in those early days. Settlers came in slowly and staked their claims, ready to pur- chase when the land came into market, which it did in 1838. The larg- est arrival, and which created a small ripple of excitement, was the North Carolina Colony. They came from Rockingham County, North Caro- lina, and some were formerly Marylanders. The colony halted at Sardis Church, and* from there they scattered, but mostly settling in Henry County. The arrivals were Richard Wall and family. Mason C. Fewell and family, Benjamin Wall and family, Dr. R. Z R. Wall and family, Wil- liam Howerton and family, John C. Stone and family, A. Potts and fam- ily, Isaac Monday and family, Mrs. Sarah Lindsay and family. Of these Benjamin and Dr. R. Z. R. Wall, went over the line and settled in Johnson County. Isaac Monday made Jackson County his home a few weeks later. Richard Wall settled in Big Creek Township, A. Potts in Walker, John C. Stone in Deepwater, William Howerton and Mason C. Fewell, remaining in Tebo, Mrs. Sarah Lindsay and her sons, in Fields' Creek. This colony arrived in the vicinity of the Sardis Bap- tist Church, November 22, 1839, and by spring were all located as above. This colony has left its mark in the early history of the county. They 422 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. came with some means and were able to take up a good deal of land and they did so, the descendants of the Walls and the Lindsays owning thousands of acres at this day of some of the richest of Henry County land. They came in wagons the whole distance, and crossed from Ken- tucky into Illinois September 20, 1839, ^"^1 were then two months and two days reaching the Sardis Camping ground. rorULATION, ETC. In 1850, Tebo Township then still one-fourth of the county, had 1,164 in population, and in i860 boasted of the number of 2,407. In 1870 this had still increased, although partly curtailed, 3,308, including the town of Calhoun, its capital city. In 1873, its present boundary was \ defined and the population in 1880 was 1,725, which also included the \ town of Calhoun. The district was No. 2, and the township called "Tebo," \ and its boundaries were given as follows : ] "Composed of all of congressional township No. 43, of range No. 25, and sections Nos. 31 to 36, inclusive, in congressional township No. 44, of range No. 25, and sections Nos. 6, 7, 18, 19, 30 and 31, in township No. 43, of range No. 24." \ This as stated is its present boundary, and its area is given above. The township has been a progressive one and has, agriculturally speak- ing, held its own. i In 1878 the following article was printed in the Clinton Advocate ! and will prove of interest : | 1 THE OLD SETTLERS OF TEBO. i Clinton, Missouri, May 5, 1878. \ North of the village of Calhoun in this, Henry County, there is an | area of country that is at once beautiful to the eye. It is undulating \ prairie, interspersed with timber along the many branches of the Tebo. The soil is rich and productive for grain raising, pasturage, all kinds of ; grasses, fruits and vegetables, is unsurpassed in this western country, j and is one of the most delightful regions for the abode of man. This ' section was settled some forty odd years ago, by rather a remarkable | class of men, of a lively temperament, richly endowed with micntal and [personal advantages; kind and hospitable, anticipating all the wants of j a visitor or stranger, the old settlers of this section were far above the 1 average of pioneers. All were well to do and independent, but none of j them very rich. There were, some ten or fifteen years ago. Judge Berr}-, ' Major Wall, William Wall, Dr. James Wall, William Fewell, M. C. Fewell, Drury Palmer, R. Allen, Judge Avery, J . C. Vanhoy, Green 1 Avery, Elijah Wiley, Daniel Hastings, Mark Finks, Dr. Thornton and { A. Askins, who have all "gone to that bourne from whence no traveler j returns." Who can fill their places.^ There are left behind, Peyton Parks, A. C. Legg, Seymour Stone, Colonel G. W. Squires, John Lit- ; HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 423 tlepage, William Bricker, Jeff Bronaugh, and others, who, in the course of nature, must soon follow. Can their places be supplied? We see all around us our good citizens falling one, by one, like leaves in autumn. ■In the district referred to there are many buildings, fruit and shade trees and shrubs, that were built and planted by the hands of those that have passed away They stand as monuments of taste and industry to the early settlers. The poet said' " Alone I walked the ocean strand, A pretty shell was in my hand; I stopped and wrote in the sand My name, the day, the year. > Onward from the beach I passed, A lingering look behind 1 cast, I saw the waves come rolling high and fast, They washed my lines away." AN OLD SUBSCRIBER. This list is worthy of record, and the township speaks, in its great development, of the character of its early settlers. One other thing to be added to this are its schools. Tebo Town- ship has seven district schools, and the houses are of a neat and sub- stantial character. There is but one township which has a larger number^ Windsor, which has eight. The township is growing steadily, both in population and wealth, and will always stand among the leading town- ships of the county in its stock and cereal productions and in the moral, intellectual and enterprising character of her prosperous citizens. HICKORY GROVE CHURCH. The Hickory Grove M. E. Church was organized August 16, 1874, by the Rev. John A. Murphy, whose earnest endeavor and active work became a success. The original members were: Theressa J. Anderson, Andrew J. Bailey, John Wilson, Mary S. Bailey, Martha Crabtree, Mary A. Dickey, William G. Dickey, Harriet Wilson, Rev. Robert H. Lee, Susan Lee, Brunetta Lee, John Noble, Elizabeth Noble, Lou Wilson, Narcissa A. Wilson, John Wiley, Cynthia Wiley, William Coppage and wife, John W. Coppage, Leonora A. Coppage, L. J. Coppage and John W. Wilson class leader. The church has increased in influence and also steadily increased in membership, which now numbers eighty. The Rev. John A. Murphy, who was so instrumental in its organization, took charge of the infant congregation. He was followed in the order named by the following earnest workers in the cause of the church, viz: Rev. B. Margison, Rev. Thomas Wallace, Rev. Wilber L. King, Rev. J. P. Cobb, Rev. J. J. Hill, Rev. J. J. Keller, Rev. William S. Woodward, Rev. Wilber L. King with Rev. N. M. Dowdy as assistant, and at present the Rev. John Y. Busby and Rev. A. L. Huston. 424 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. They have built themselves a neat frame church, plainly but com- fortably finished, at a cost of $600. As before remarked, the church is prospering, and in connection therewith they have a flourishing Sunday School numbering some fifty pupils. It is under the superintendency of Alma Houts, who has given his earnest supervision to the good work. SARDIS-BETHLEHEM, The Sardis-Bethlehem Old School Baptist Church were united May 19, 1866, but the old "Sardis Baptist Church" of Tebo Township is one of the old landmarks of Christianity, like the early settlers the pioneer of churches of Henry County. The early settlers of that township were its first members, and they were of that good old stock who labored with both hands and hearts, and the dawn of civilization was lighted on its way by the Christian example and fortitude of as noble a band of pioneers as ever blazed the path of progress for generations to follow. WHEN ORGANIZED. The Sardis Baptist Church was organized on May 4, 1839, ^^^ ^^ old log school house on Tebo Creek was their first place of worship, and in all respects it was a primitive one, but looks had little to do with those who came together to worship the name of the Lord. Nature itself, its prairies and the woodlands, the shaded rills and rippling brooks all told of the great Jehovah who reigned on high, and man could find a place to worship if his heart was in the work. In the summer the trees of the forest shaded many an assembly who had gathered together to commune in the spirit and hear the word of God. Among the original members of this church were the following" familiar names of the old pioneers of Tebo, viz: Elder Henry Avery, John W. Williams, John Brummet, Benjamin G. Parker, Valentine Bell, and sisters Susan Hudson and Nancy Williams. Mrs. Williams is the only one of this band of worshippers at this date and is the widow of Major John W. Williams whose name is mentioned above. There are at present forty-three members belonging to the church. In 1839 Rev. Henry Avery and Rev. James Fewell were joint pastors and they were followed by Rev. William C. Garrett, Rev. James Warder, Rev. C. M. Reed, and Rev, J. E. Goodson, present pastor. In 1856 a frame church was built at a cost of $600 and is still in use. The church has steadily grown with the growth of the neighborhood and stands now as a landmark of olden times and a link connected with the generation of to-day. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 425 CALHOUN. This is one of the old settled towns in the county, in fact was located about the time Clinton was, and was the latter's rival for the county seat. When Henry, or Rives, County was organized then came the county seat question and as there were no houses o*r cabins either at Clinton or Calhoun, it seemed to the Tebo and Springfield Township settlers that they had a chance for the prize, as Goff' s was soon after the county seat. It was more than likely that Calhoun would have secured the prize, as at that time about 415 of the settlers lived north of Grand River, but for one fatal effect, it was too far from the center of Rives County, as organized by the general assembly. Even Benjamin and Thomas Wallace wanted it at their store, about a mile north of the present location, but the commissioners having found the center stake they located it as near to it as possible. LOCATED IN 1835. James Nash located the present town of Calhoun in 1835, but there was nothing really done until the next year, when the county commis- sion began to look around for a location for the county seat of Rives. Mr. James Nash then stepped forward and secured the services of John S. Lingle to lay out his town, named it after South Carolina's great statesman, John C. Calhoun, and finished up by donating two acres for a public square. This was received by the town of Calhoun, and the square was promptly laid out enclosing about one acre and wide streets on each side of it, and thus it stands to this day. The location not being central enough to secure the seat of justice, the Calhounites made no further effort after the location was made. They had not progressed so far as their later neighbor, in trying to make a county for themselves. No, Calhoun is not Windsor. However, as soon as Calhoun was laid out the rush from Goff's, the then county seat, took place at once. James Fields, who had a store at Goff's, and one of the first in the county, moved to Calhoun and put up the first house within its classic limits. Hall and Gletcher, William and John Goff all got there and established business in the winter of 1836-7. Fields, Hall and Fletcher opened each a general store, and the Goffs a grocery. Then in the summer came Mr. McCormick, who opened a dry goods and grocery store. These were the first buildings erected. James Fields built his cabin just under the hill in the Tebo bottoms, north of town. The Goffs remained at their old home, coming to town to do business. The fall of 1837 and the following winter brought others, and although it was not the county seat, it did a good deal more business. 426 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The town plat covered forty acres, as laid out by Mr. Nash. There were never any particular sales of lots. James Gladden owned several and Henry D. Lewis the same. The first lot sold that there is any account of was purchased by Benjamin L, Duriett, who taught the first school in the new school house in 1835, and he bought it of H. D. Lewis for $18 cash, May 11, 1837; it was lot fourteen. Then on June 12, 1837, James W. Fields bought lots three and ten, for which he paid James Gladden $25 cash in hand. The record of other sales could be given, but these were the first of record. The first tavern license was granted to John Taylor, who paid $20 license, November, 1845, and the first saloon to Matthew Arbuckle, in February, 1846. The first postofifice in the county was at Goff 's, from 1835 to 1837, when William Goff gave it up, and James Fields was appointed postmaster and the ofHce moved to Calhoun. The Clinton postoffice was established the same time. The first election at the town of Calhoun was in 1844, the county court ordering the August election of that year to be held then. Dr. W. Thornton was the first physician, settling in the county in 1835, and at Calhoun soon after it was laid out. The fall of 1837 the citizens secured a teacher for the winter nn the person of Miss Lucy McCord, whe taught two or three terms. Calhoun has had a few additions, Mr. Squires laying out two, but it won't need any more at present. It was not until 1857 that Calhoun was made into a separate school district, when by order of the county court in June of that year it was so designated, and the incorporators were W. S. Holland, D. H. Pigg. L R. Dupree, James A. Tutt, G. W. Smith, E. R. Givens and Thomas Sal- lee, and the town was organized for school purposes, the incorporators meeting June 6, 1857, ^or that purpose. In 1861 the district was enlarged by adding the east half of section 6 to its boundary. While there had been preaching at the houses of the settlers, there was no stated preacher at Calhoun for a number of years. The civil war then coming on, Calhoun felt its effects, and like other towns took years to recover from that blow. In 1866 she took a start and began to show signs of a waking up, the country around being rich, and the farmers recovering also from the shock of the civil war, began to trade at the old place. New business houses went up and those already there weie filled with goods, and by 1870 very much of the old time trade had been regained and the future wore a promising outlook. INCORPORATION OF CALHOUN. The town having become ambitious, her citizens concluded that its incorporation would be a good step toward achieving future greatness, HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 427 and they presented their wishes to the county court of Henry County February 10, 1870. Upon the reception of their petition the following order was placed of record: " Whereas, A petition was this day presented to the court signed by sundry citizens of the town of Calhoun, in the county of Henry, pray- ing to have the said town incorporated and setting forth the metes and bounds thereof, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that two-thirds of the taxable inhabitants of said town have signed said peti- tion, and also that the prayer in said petition is reasonable, it is there- fore ordered by the court that the inhabitants of said town of Calhoun be declared to be incorporated within the metes and bounds as set forth in said petition, to wit: Beginning at the southwest quarter of the northwest quarter of the southeast quarter of section No. 36, township 43, of range 25, running north 320 rods; thence east 320 rods; thence south 320 rods; thence west to the place of beginning, and to be known and styled by the name and style of the "Inhabitants of the Town of Calhoun." And the court doth hereby appoint Tower Thomasson, Joseph Hairrell, J. W. Minish, William Gutridge and F. J. Agnew as a board of trustees for said town, according to the statutes in such cases made and provided. This seemed to give new life and the citizens went to work to build up a town. The great industry of Calhoun is her pottery business. The clay is of fine quality for earthen ware and she ships an immense quantity annually. She has now six potteries in full blast, and jugs of all sizes, crocks, also, and milk pans, and in fact every description of earthen ware is manufactured here and shipped by the car loads. In 1874 a union church was erected costing, including furniture and all complete, not far from $1,500. The Methodist, Baptist and Pres- byterian were the three denomination which took part in its construc- tion. This is yet the only church building in the town. The school house is a neat frame building and very well furnished. It has a two-story brick hotel, which is one of the best buildings in the town, and quite a fine number of new brick business houses have been erected since the great fire of 1877. THE GREAT FIRE. The " Great Fire," so-called, which took place on Monday night, December 3d, 1877, was a sad blow to her enterprising business men, who suffered by the calamity, and to the whole town. It was discovered about fifteen minutes before eleven o'clock, by James Hahn from his residence. Alarm was given, and citizens rushed to the scene. The fire was then burning briskly in the southeast corner of the Grange store, where it is supposed to have originated. The build- ings being old and dry as tinder wood, were consumed very rapidly. 428 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. rendering the stocks of merchandise contained in them almost a total loss. The entire block was consumed, consisting of four buildings, in which business was done by Henry Slack on north corner, the Grange store next, then J. O. Edmonson and James Finks on the south corner of the block. LOSSES. Mr. Slack's loss was about $ 1,000; $50 in merchandise and books saved. No insurance. Building belonged to Mrs. S. P. Harper, not insured. Grange Store, owned principally by Judge Wood, R. Z. Fewell, Max McCann, and Drury M. Palmer. Estimated loss, $4,000. Insured for $3,000; occupied Masonic Hall building, which was a total loss; no insurance. J. O. Edmonson occupied his own building; insured for $1,000; his stock was quite large, on which he had $1,000 insurance. He saved part of his stock, but probably lost from $4,000 to $5,000. Col. Jim Finks lost nearly his entire drug stock — loss about $2,000. Insurance expired a few days before. The building belonged to John Gutridge. Not insured. This conflagration obliterated the principal business block of the town. A PROMINENT SITE. Calhoun is very handsomely located between the branches of the Tebo Creeks. West Tebo rising on one side and Tebo Creek on t'he other, and though not exactly in the forks of these streams, is beween them, and they almost touch the town limits on both sides. On the east side there is a stretch of bottom land, nearly a quarter of a mile wide, but on the west she lies on the bluffs overlooking the stream, per- haps a quarter of a mile away. She lies on the top of this divide, the land sloping both ways to the streams on each side of her. From her eyrie, thus perched upon a hill, she has a splendid view to the north of her; but all around, except that one point of the compass, she is barred from an extensive view by the heavily wooded banks of the streams just mentioned, they coming together about two and a half miles south of the town, and about one mile between the streams. It is high and healthy and very pleasant places for residences are found all over the city. The principal business is done around the square, with a few business houses on the first block leading from the square to the depot. The potteries are on that street, or some three of them, and one near the station. The principal hotel is also on this street, between the square and the depot. Calhoun has been growing of late, and the last two years has shown, more solid advancement than for any previous five years. It has some HISTORY OF HENRV COUNTY. 429 very good brick blocks, and her potteries draw a large trade. Her popu- ulation in 1880 was 492, and at this time will not vary much from 600. POSTMASTERS. 1837, James W. Fields; 1846, Matthew Arbuckle; 1856, John A. Bushnell; 1858, James A. Tutt; 1861, Edwin Taylor; 1862, Isaac W- Minis; 1869, Samel Jennings; 1872, R. A. Michael; 1875, Joseph Ryan; 1877, N. H. Tillman; 1879, Charles E. Gunn, present postmaster. The silver cornet band of Calhoun is one of its institutions, and the band is noted for rendering excellent music, and is called upon from far and near when good music is wanted. It was first organized in 1869, and is an honor to Calhoun aiid the county. BUSINESS HOUSES. J. O. Edmondson, general store. J. W. Gutridge, general store. J. W. Keyser, general store. Charles E. Gunn, general store. John R. Pigg, general store. C. Harryman, groceries. M. C. Fewell, groceries. Dennis Maher, groceries. H. Slack, groceries. J. Keyser, groceries. Max McCann, drugs and medicines. W. H. Gutridge, drugs and medicines. Colbow & Lewis, hardware Mclntyre & Butler, hardware and Edmondson & George, hardware, furniture. saddlery and groceries. Kinsinger & Gunn, grain dealers. McNeece Bros., grain dealers. Aurand &Delany, lumber merchants. H. Slack, coal dealer. Kinsinger & Goodrich, Calhoun Mrs. Bettie Palmer, millinery. steam flouring mills. H. S. Thomas, music store. Mrs. M. Harper, dress making. Mrs. Snell, dress making. J. W. Morris, photographer. Haines & Askins, stock dealers. D. H. Pigg, saw mill. Mrs. Holcomb, boarding. Calhoun House, W. F. Doty, prop'r. Isaac W, Minis, barber shop. Adam Schramm, barber shop. James Trinnear, shoe shop. T. J. Harryman, meat market. Joseph Cease, bakery. Hill & Sons, blacksmithing. O. Reeves, blacksmithing. C. A. Hill, wagon maker. Morgan & Laughlin, brick yard. R. W. Hendrix, brick yard. John Medberry, livery and sale John Huffman, broom factory. stable. N. Snell, carpenter and builder. James W. Burke, saloon. Reeves & Kirkpatrick, pottery. Amelia Rabine, pottery. Dawson & Son, pottery. G. A. Jegglin, pottery. Damron & Miller, pottery. Underwood & Son, pottery. R. Trevey, physician. J. W. Gra\-, physician. John H. Bronaugh, physician. 430 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. G. W. Holcomb, physician. Charles Harryman, physician. J. W. Thomas, veterinary surgeon. T. O. Williams, attorney. SHAWNEE TOWNSHIP. is the north central township of the county, and steps to the front as the handsomest body of land in Henry County. It is one vast beauti- ful prairie, fringed here and there with lines of timber that relieves the eye and gives zest, when passed, to another and still another wide expanse of gently undulating prairie as beautiful to the sight, and as picturesque in appearance as the fondest artist of nature could wish. Spotted here and there over this magnificent landscape, lies well culti- vated fields, luxuriant homes and handsome dwellings, which at once stamp upon the passing stranger the fact that the residents of these beautiful lands are an intelligent and energetic people who, knowing that labor and wealth go hand in hand, put their head and hands to intelligent work, and then assume the comforts and pleasures that wealth brings them with a generous, but not lavished manner. Shawnee Township is bounded on the north by Johnson County, on the east by Tebo Township, on the south by Fields' Creek, and on the west by Big Creek Township. It is seven miles in extent, north and south, and six in width, having forty-two sections of land, being all of congressional township No. 43, of range 26, and one mile on its north border of congressional township 44 of the same range. It is one of largest townships in the county, and has an area of 26,880 acres of land. Honey Creek rises in the northern and western part of the township, Cottonwood in the center, and Fields' Creek in the south and the head waters of Little Tebo in the southeast. All these streams rise within its border but assume no size of any moment until they pass beyond its limits. These streams and their numerous small heads show innumer- able small and never failing springs of crystal water, and this is what gives it the character not only as one of the best cereal raising town- ships in the county but it is also unsurpassed for stock. The people of the township have coined wealth from these high, rolling and well drained prairies, and the gently sloping woodlands on the banks of the creeks. ABOUT 183 I. Shawnee, or the present township of that name, was one of the early settled portions of the county. Ezekiel Blevins first settled in the township in 183 1, and Preston R. Blevins was born in the township the following year. He is now a resident of Davis, or Blevins, Township, and a prominent citizen of the county. George W. and Pleasant Walker settled on the Blevins place in 1833, having first settled on section 16, HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 43 1 Fields Creek Township in 1832, and bought out Ezekiel Blevins the next year. Much of the early history of this township is embodied in that of the old settlers in the first few chapters of this history. The Walkers were believed to be the wealthiest settlers that had come to the county in those pioneer times. On section 4 of this township was where Little- berry Kimsey located the first water mill in Henry County. Samuel Cox, of Virginia, settled on section 24 in 1832. Alfred Kimsey, from Tennessee, came in 1833; Benjamin Barker, another old settler, staked his claim in 1832, and around these old pioneers clustered others; but all have left the stamp of their energy and enterprise upon their descend- ants, and so "Old Shawnee" stands out as a "beautiful monument" of an enterprising and moral people. THE NAME. While under the jurisdiction of Lafayette County, Shawnee Town- ship was first known as Tebo and Davis Townships, being divided on range line 26. This was in 1830, and wholly in Tebo Township, Lafa- yette County, in 1832. It remained Tebo until May, 1834, when it was called Springfield Township, the line being on its west border. In the spring of 1835 Rives County, now Henry, having organized* the county court made four townships, and the dividing line between Big Creek and Tebo, the names given the two northern townships, was again range line 26, and Shawnee was once more divided half and half, one part being in Big Creek and the other Tebo. It came into exist- ance in 1873, being one of the group made under the provision, of the new township organization law. The school of those days and the early preachers are chronicled in the early settlement or pioneer history. At this time Shawnee Town- ship has five public schools, all in a flourishing condition. The first post office in the township was Shawnee, established about i860. This was nearly three miles west of the present village of Shawnee Mound. The postmaster was William Gillespie, and the post office was kept at his house. He continued postmaster during the war. SHAWNEE MOUND. After the late civil war the postoffice called Shawnee was removed to its present location and called " Shawnee Mound." Its first postmas- ter was Frank Crook. He was followed by D. B. Lambert, and the latter succeeded by Edward Reynolds, the present postmaster. Shawnee Mound is not a city. It would not under any circumstan- ces be taken for Kansas City, or even Clinton, the " Model Town," but notwithstanding it has one general store, the firm being Walls & Rey- 432 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. nolds; one hardware store, Moore & Elliott, proprietors, and one black- smith shop, by S. H. Elliott. This constitutes its business interests. Two physicians are located here. Dr. B. B. Barr and Dr. J. W. Bronaugh, and their circuit extends over a good portion of Johnson County and Tebo and Big Creek Townships, as well as Shawnee. They hold a cen- tral position, and being eminent in their profession they hav^e an extended practice. CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The Cumberland Presbyterian Church of Shawnee Mound, was organized in September, of the year 1869. Quite a number gathered to secure this organization, and its first members were, Mary Moore, James Kimsey, Mary J. Guion, Elizabeth Ann and Jane Sharp, Ida Snyder, Mary Wade, F. W. Crooks, Ellen Thrasher, George M. Casey. P. W. Moore, Arminta Kissell, L. Friland and Emeline Hinton. It was long .after ihe organization of the church that active steps were taken to secure the erection of a church edifice, and in 1871, they had succeeded ■in building a very substantial place of worship, frame, at a cost of $1,900. The church has steadily grown in membership and influence, and is in a favorable position for future growth and earnest work in the cause it advocates. The present membership numbers sixty-five, and the follow- ing have been active pastors of the church since organized, viz: Rev. Benjamin F. Thomas, Rev. Finice King, Rev. Y. W. Whitsit, Rev. J. C. Littrel and Rev. J. H. Houx. The Sabbath School is in a flourishing condition and now has on its roll 106 scholars. The superintendent is Mr. Jacob Wolff On€ of the schools of the township is located here, and with these <:onveniences and the rich country around Shawnee Mound may yet become a city of the fourth class. THE CAPITAL. Huntingdale may be thus designated, perhaps being in reality the largest village in the township. Like Shawnee Mound it is not an exten- sive city, but it is an enterprising little village of perhaps at this time, •one hundred inhabitants. It was first made a voting precinct November II, 1865, when it was so designated by the county court, the polls being removed from Kimseyville. It was then a portion of Big Creek Town- ship, or rather was within the limits of that township. It is rather pleas- antly located on the prairies, with a sweeping view north, south and east, while on the west the belt of timber which lines Cottonwood Branch breaks into view in that direction. The first house built in what is now Huntingdale, was by Aaron Kahn, in the year 1855, and he also located his store there, and was its first merchant. The first physician was Dr. Royston. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 433 Its first postmaster Benjamin Quarles, now the efficient county clerk of the county. Then followed in the order named : William Swindle, George Royston, David Urie, and V. J. Moore, the present postmaster. BUSINESS. Mr. V. J. Moore is the merchant of the village and keeps a stock of general merchandise which means every kind of business but a drug store. Mr. E. W. Drake has the last named business in charge and keeps a full supply of drugs and medicines. A. Bahing, blacksmith shop. William Cheesman, wagon manufacturer. Joseph Winkler, saw mill. S. G. Ingram and J. F. Crew, carpenters. The medical profession is represented by Drs. E. C. and W. P. Roy- ston, old, able and extensive practitioners. MT. ZION BAPTIST CHURCH. The organization of this church was effected in 1855 and was the first church at Huntingdale. The members who formed the church were James Potts, William Molton, Granville Cross, F. C. Brown, Isaac Anderson, James Ross, Lemuel Page, Aaron, John and Reuben Morgan, James William and Henry Page. The church has been a successful one and has grown steadily with the growth of the town and county. It has now' a membership of eighty-two, and can well be said to be in a flour- ishing condition. Its pastors have been the following in the order named : Revs. William White, James Teas, Adams, William Oden, James Woods, Kil- patrick, O. Tompkins, Thomas Briggs, A. M. Cockrell, John Denton, and the present pastor is the Rev. Samuel Victors. The church building at Huntingdale is a union church, erected in the year 1870, at a cost of of $1,800. It is a frame edifice, plainly but neatly finished and furnished, and is used by two other denominations. M. E. CHURCH, SOUTH. This church was organized in 1869 by a few devoted spirits, who felt anxious for a church organization of their own. The first members were D. Mclntyre and wife, Eliza Royston and John Huston and wife. The organization soon attracted others and the church has grown and prospered and has at this time a membership of forty, with earnest attending congregations. The meetings are held in the Union Church. The pastors who have officiated are, first the Rev. J. B. Woodridge, 434 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. i Rev. William Pitts, Rev. Murphy, Rev. M. Margison, Rev. Williair. | King, Rev. Peter Cobb, Rev's Busby and Houston. I M. E. CHURCH. 1 The Huntingdale M. E. Church was located in the town in the year 1871, and started out with a fair number to effect its organization. The members were J. R. McMillon, L. Cook; M. A. Waugh, William Paul, D.^ F. Leek, E. Barnum, D. King, P. Gilbert, W. J. McFarland, A. C. Comer.j Rev. J. S. Nelson, Rev. Henry A. Tolan. The church has grown andi prospered, and has increased its membership in the twelve years past to 160 members. It has and is doing an important work, and its influence is widespread and constantly increasing. j The clergymen who have officiated as pastors are the following: j Rev's W. H. Van Winkle, Samuel Jones, John H. Gillispie, E. A. Porter,: H. H. Dunlavy, A. L. Walker and G. A. Deitrich. This denomination! also worships in the Union Church. ' I. O. O. F. I Carrsville Lodge No. 281, was organized at Carrsville June 7, 1873, with the following charter members: J. S. Barnhill, H. C. Ragland, L. A.j Wisley, Luther Cook, J. D. Dean and T. J. Carr. It remained at Carrs-' ville until 1877, when it was removed to Huntingdale. They own aj good frame hall over Moore's store and it is handsomely furnished. Its- present officers are: F. M. Anderson, N. G.; Labe Walker, V. G.; E. D.| Webb, Secretary. It has a membership of fifty. This about finishes the history of the township, and below will bej found its boundary and number, as entered of record: I NO. 3, SHAWNEE. " Composed of all of Congressional Township No. 43 of range No., 26, and sections Nos. 31 to 36, inclusive, in Congressional Township No. 44 of range 26." , When the enterprise of its citizens is added to its magnificent domain, its wealth of fertile soil, the value of its blooded stock and; annual increase of its cereal productions, it is easy to see that Shawnee Township will hold her advanced position against all comers. ; fields' creek township — ITS METES AND BOUNDS. ] i The boundary of this township is easily defined, it being officia\\y> given as being "composed of Congressional Township No. 42 of rangd No. 26." ; HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 435 When Rives County, now Henry, was first organized it was divided into four townships, and the territory now comprising Fields' Creek was divided in the center on range line 26, one-half being in Grand River and the other half in Springfield Township. It remained thus until i860, when it became a part of and was included in Grand River Township, as it was that year organized and boundaries defined. It was a part of that township until the great change of townships in 1873 under the new township law, when it first came into being and was known as " Fields* Creek" Township, with its boundaries as above given. Grand River Township, which up to that time and from the date of the organization of the county had been one of the municipal divisions of the same, was blotted from the map and its northern portion or most of it given to this township. AREA 21,000 ACRES. While so far as the township of Fields' Creek was a new township, and is at this time but ten years of age, the township was one of the earliest settled portions of the county. It is six miles wide from east to west, and five and a half from north to south, taking in on its northern border a portion of the fractional township, which is a trifle less than half a mile wide and running from east to west across the county. It has an area of 21,000 acres, mostly prairie land, which will equal in pro- ductive quality any other portion of Henry County. The township is pretty well supplied with timber, a fine forest lining the banks of Fields' Creek and Town Creek. Still in the matter of fuel it is well supplied, for its coal veins which underlie its surface will probably not be exhausted for ages to come. The prairies are of a rich and mellow soil, not rolling, but undulating sufficient for drainage purposes, and slope from the divide near the center of the township toward the creeks above mentioned, which travers, from north to south, the eastern and western sides of the township. Fields' Creek was first named " Lake Creek," after one of its first settlers, George W. Lake, and is still the name found on the map of the government survey. But the citizens got to call- ing it Fields' Creek, after Mr. Joseph Fields, the first settler who located on its banks in section 10. The stream enters the township near the center from the north, running southwest for nearly three miles, then south, passing into Clinton Township, and empties into Grand River. It has several small branches that waters the southern and northwestern portions of the township. Town Creek takes its name from Clinton. This stream rises in the northeastern part of Fields' Creek Township, and its three branches unite and run nearly due south, passing near Clin- ton and emptying into Fields' Creek about one-fourth mile from Grand River. In speaking of going to Clinton the people always called it going to "Town," and the name was thus given the stream. The town- 43^ HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. i ship itself, like the creek of the same name, was named after Sheriff ( Fields. Mr. Joseph Fields was one of its first settlers, and came early in the : year 1832. He was afterwards the first sheriff of the county, receiving j 'Jiis commission from Governor Dunklin, and was dated August 4, 1835. j Mr. Fields in the following March, 1836, was killed by his horse falling j on him. While going from Clinton to his home, his horse stepped into 1 quite a deep hole, which threw it and Mr. Fields, the horse being on top. '. He was found completely paralyzed, and died from his injuries. The 1 year 183 1, George W. Lake came and drove his stake on section 20. He j was the first settler in the township, and a prominent citizen of the ; ■county for many years. Then there was William and Isaac Swift, men j of energy who settled, the former on section 33, and the latter on section , 17. They were soon followed by Joel Milton, on the same section, and , Peter Huntsman, on section 19. John F. Sharp settled on section 23, ; and was afterwards county judge and county seat commissioner. These j pioneers all came from Virginia. In 1834, Nathan A. Fields, brother of i Joseph, settled on section 31. He was appointed deputy sheriff by his ] brother, and his appointment was approved by Judge Charles H. Allen, of the Sixth Judicial Circuit, on September 23, 1835, and he was acting sheriff from the death of his brother until the August election in 1836, when Robert Allen succeeded as the first elected sheriff of Henry County. I Mr. Nathan A. Fields is now the oldest living settler of the town- ship, and bears his years well. I The first school house built in the township was in the fall of 1835, ' and was a joint effort of the neighbors. The school was a subscription school, and was situated on section 16. The ne.xt school of note was in ! 1854, when a school building for its use was erected on section 19, and used both for a church and school. 1 In the spring of 1836, Thomas B. and Benjamin F. Wallace came to | the township, and settled on section 35, about one mile north of Clinton, j but before the county seat was laid out. They built themselves a log j store room and opened the first store in Fields' Creek Township, and j ■probably the last also. They remained there until the county seat was I located, when they removed to Clinton. At the time they started there were four other stores in the county. Fields' Creek, being near the county seat, which is just over her border on the south, remains an agri- > cultural township. The same year, 1836, a saw mill was built on I''ields' Creek by ' Thomas Swift and son, and was on the south line of section 20, where the creek crosses that line. It was used quite a number of years. There was quite a number of settlers came in during the years from 1837 to 1840, and quite a large quantity of land pre-empted. A Mr. Brown, who settled in the township in 1835, sold his claim to Mr. Swift in 1S37. Mr. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 437 Swift's wife was the sister of Chief Justice Taney, of the United Statesf- Supreme Court. In 1839, quite a large colony from Rockingham County, North Carolina, arrived in Henry County, and camped on section 3, in Tebc Township, near where the Sardis Church and school house in that town- ship now stands. The names and destination of this colony will be found in the records here given of Tebo Township. From that point they scattered. Mrs. Sarah Lindsay, of Fields' Creek Township, was one of this colony, and she had her family with her. Mrs. Lindsay settled ons section 10. They came in wagons across Kentucky and Illinois, via St. Louis, and arrived at their camping ground, as above stated, September 20, 1839. Mrs. Lindsay and sons on selecting the homes on section 10, prepared arrangements for the pre-empting and entering of a large quantity of the fertile prairies of Fields' Creek Township, and her sons attended to it. They succeeded admirably in securing a large body of valuable land. These farms lie in sections 8, 9, 10 and fractional sectioR^' 3, with small tracts in other sections. CHURCHES AND SCHOOLS. The Methodists in the neighborhood of the Fields Settlement united' together and put up a church in the year 1857. It was not an expensive structure, but cost in the neighborhood of $600. It was called the Methodist-Episcopal Church South. It was located on section 10, and! the original members were James Lindsay and wile, James Lottspiech, wife and children, Mrs. F. Adamson, Rev. Durant and wife, and a few- others whose names were forgotten. The first minister was the Rev. Durant, and he was followed in 1858^ by Rev. J. Headly. The latter was succeeded by Rev. Henry Webster in 1859 and by the Rev. J. C. Thompson in i860. At the close of the latter's ministration, or, rather the following year, owing to the effect of the civil war, church matters were brought to a stand and preaching sus- pended. It was not again organized until 1865, when the Rev. Warren? Pitts was called to the pastorate and remained an earnest worker for three years. A call was then made in 1868 on the Rev. J. B. H. Woodbridge, who accepted the charge and held it until 1873. He was followed by the Rev. Murphy in 1873, and the latter by Rev. Marvanson in 1875, whose services were retained only one year. The church had grown smaller, many of its first members had passed to a happier home, others had removed and the church finally closed up at the end of the last men- tioned year. The building still stands, but only a wreck, for it is sadly out of repair. Its resurrection is not expected. Its membership never exceeded twenty 438 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. The old school house on section i6, which was erected in 1835, is not now in existence, but others have taken its place. There are quite a number now living in the township who received the rudiments of their education at the old log school house, and it has a firm and cherished hold in their memories. There are now four schools in Fields' Creek Township, as reported by the superintendent, and they are all well attended with an average of six months schooling a year. The teachers the present year are especially able, and the progress of the pupils is rapid. The rising youths are intent on culture and have had the good taste to form literary and debating societies. The Young American Club hold their meetings at the school house in school district No. i, a really fine building, and an honor to the county as well as the district. The president of this society in 1870 was Jesse Sharp, and A. C. Comer was the secretary, E. M. Morton, who taught the school that winter, was the editor. The debating club at the Comer School still exists, or rather it is generally organized each winter. The winter of 1882-83 finds it promptly " on deck," and its meetings are not only spirited but show no small talent for oratory among its debators. The Evening Star literary society is another which is well advanced and if regularly conducted will show steady improvement. As there are quite a number of talented members connected with this society they should see to it that it shall not be surpassed by any, either at home or abroad. Taking it altogether Fields' Creek Township, in the richness of its soil, in wealth according to population, and in the brightness of its future prospects, will compare favorably with its sister township, for all of which her citizens have cause to be proud. The population of the township in 1880 was 852. ""^51/ '"^^ \3^ CHAPTER XXIX. BOGARD, BIG CREEK, HONEY CREEK, AND WHITE Ox\K TOWNSHIPS. BOGARD-THE NORTHWEST-ORGANIZED 1857 AND 1873-IT HAS 30,155 95-100 ACRES OF LAND-ASA HENDRICKS ITS FIRST SETTLER-MRS. MARV TAYLOR, FIRST CHILD BORN IN THE TOWNSHIP— LAKES— URICH-LOCATION— SETTLEMENT AND BUSI- NESS— SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES— POLITICAL— POPULATION-BIG CREEK— TOWN- SHIPS 44 AND 43, RANGE 27—26,880 ACRES— ITS STREAMS AND WOODLANDS— ITS ORIGINAL BOUNDARY— EARLY SETTLERS, i83i-A GRAND OLD TOWNSHIP— NOKRIS FORKS-CHURCHES, SCHOOLS AND LODGES-HONEY CREEK— BOUNDARY— SMALL SETTLEMENT— POPULATION— SLOW OF GROWTH-ITS PIONEERS— SCHOOLS— WANT OF PROGRESS— WHITE OAK— THE SMALLEST TOWNSHIP— GOOD LAND AND WATER PLENTY— SETTLED IN 1838— COAL— CYCLONE— SCHOOLS— POPULATION. BOGARD TOWNSHIP. This township lies in the northwest corner of the county and was first organized as such at the August term, 1857. ^^^ described as fol- lows: "Ordered that all that portion of the county lying between Grand River and Big Creek, in Henry County, Missouri, be declared a separate township lor all municipal purposes, and that the house of Asa Hen- dricks be designated as the voting precinct, and the same be known by the name of Bogard." This boundary gave it a sort of triangle, and at the same time extend- ing into a portion of what are now White Oak, Honey Cr^ek and Big Creek Townships, and what was formerly apart of Big Creek Township, when the county was first divided ihto municipal divisions. May 5, 1835. The township, with some few changes remained as above described, until the new township went into effect in 1873, when Bogard Township, as one of the nine which then composed the municipal divisions of the county was changed. Instead of being one of the nine, it was then made one of nineteen, and its boundaries were described as follows, being known as No. 5 : Composed of all of congressional township No. 43, of range 28, and sections Nos. 31 to 36, inclusive, in congressional township No. 44, of range 28; also embracing all of the territory north of the south half of sections Nos. 7, 8, 9. lO, 11, and 12, in township No. 42, of range 28. This gives it a trifle over seven and four-fifths miles in extent, north and south, and six miles east and west, with an area of 30,155 95-100 440 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. acres, the principal part of which is as handsome a body of prairie land as can be found in the county. Grand River touches its southern border, and Knob Creek and its main branch, Black Oaks and other streams emptying into Grand River, waters its southern part. Big Creek from the northeast waters the northern part and on these streams and branches will be found all of the timber supply. There has been very little coal yet found in the township, except on sections 22, 15, 10, and 13, and while there may be some small veins in other sections, so long as wood is cheap it will not pay to work them. The old Shawnee Trail passed through this township, and the tribe had a few wigwams on the banks of Big Creek, while serving them as a hunting ground. ITS FIRST SETTLER. Asa Hendrick, of Brown County, Kentucky, was the first white man known to have built his cabin in the township. He settled on the east half of the northeast quarter of section 16, and also staked out his claim on the northwest quarter of -section 15. He came in the spring of 1837, built his cabin and planted a patch of corn, kept his rifle loaded and laid in his supply of meat for winter use. His nearest neighbor was Judge Smith, living nearly four miles distant, nearly due west in Cass County. Judge Smith at that time was plain Mr. Smith, and a pioneer like him- self. His neighbor on the north was Mr. Jonas Turner, who lived in Johnson County. This continued until fall, when John Scroggs and Joshua Page moved into the township. This latter was a minister of the Christian Church, and preached the first sermon, and afterward many others in the township, at an old log school house that was reared as an educational institute in the year 1838. Miss Mary Page, now Mrs. Tay- lor, was born in 1838, and the first white child born in the township. The school house above referred to opened as a school in the winter of 1838-9, and Rev. Joshua Page was the first teacher. Settlers came in from nearly everywhere, and in this respect Bogard has the most cosmo- politan citizens of the world, who at last found homes in the county. Not only are the states and Europe well represented, but a large immigration from Canada have found homes, and their cabins and dwell- ings now dot many beautiful prairie sites of this rich township. Agri- culturally speaking, it is one of the best in the county. Its market now is more at Holden than at Clinton, but while good roads last the county seat has the preference. There are three small bodies of water in the township, which have been designated lakes. Those in the northeast part of the township, on sections i and 2, being called Horseshoe and Goose Lakes respectively, and the one in the southwest corner, found on the northwest quarter of section 7, township 42, range 28, called Little Lake. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 44I There never have been any towns or villages in the township unless Urich, first known in iS/t, may be called such. It is located on the southeast quarter of section 22, and being centrally located, may be termed the capital of Bogard Township and its only village and post office. URICH. Urich is located on the southeast corner of section 22 and was founded in April, 1871, by H. C. McDonnell, and H. C. McDonnell & Co. built the first house at the above date. In the spring of 1872 they opened a very general stock of merchandise, and being the first and only store in the township, they did a good business with the rich farming com- munity by which they were surrounded. A tew more settled that year, and in the following year they sold out to T. W. Wells. Mr. Wells became the first postmaster, and has held it to 1883, being succeed by Browning Stewart the present year. Mr. H. D. Rogers started the first blacksmith shop; William Green, carpenter, and J. W.Jones, M. D., was the first physician. Twelve years later, January i, 1883, the business directory of Urich reads as follows: J. A. Wells & Son, general merchandise. Miller Bros., general merchandise. F. C. Tisdale & Co., general merchandise. Stewart & Co., drugs. J. J. Miller, hotel. O. E, Wallace, physician. John Powers, physician. John Hisey, blacksmith shop. Ed. Murphy, blacksmith shop. They have a very neat and comfortable school house, which has also been used for church purposes for several years, and they have now five school districts in the township, each with a good, comfortable frame house, and all the necessary furniture for primary teaching. Schools are kept up some six months in the year, and are well attended, the number of pupils being fully up to the average. The township improved quite rapidly during the years 1870 and 1871, and increased its population. Over 5-000 acres of fine prairie land was fenced and placed under culti- vation in the former year alone. The little towns of Wadesburg and Grant, just over the line in Cass County, were quite well patronized before Urich came into being on account of a steam saw and grist mill, besides a union church which was occupied alternately by the Methodists, Presbyterians, Baptists and Christians, and was built by them, and these little towns have yet some trade from the west side of Bogard and White Oak. They were founded about 1867 or 1868. However, when Urich was founded it secured the 442 HISTORY OF HENR\ COUNTY. trade and still holds more of it than either Holden or Clinton. The town will grow and thrive and in 1890 will be dignified by having its population given, and finding itself with a local habitation and a name in the records of the census of that year. A coal bank lies within a half mile of the town on section 22, and others will be found on sections 10, 13 and 15, and perhaps in other places. Urich is not destined to want for fuel. CHURCHES. The oldest church is the Urich Baptist Church, which was organized many years since and was known as Mount Pleasant Church, and was located in the southwest corner of the township on Knob Creek. It was removed to Urich in 1875, and they worshipped at the school house house above mentioned for two years. In 1877 they erected their pres- ent handsome little church at a cost of $1,200. The church has always been well attended and prosperous and has at this time a membership of sixty-five. Its pastors have been in the order named : Revs. Obe- •diah Tompkins, A. M. Cockrell, Thomas Briggs, I. Tompkins and John L. Uenton. CHRISTIAN CHURCH was organized February 3, 1877, at the Urich School House, called by the name of Miller School House. Its first members were : J. A. Wells, P. A. Wells, G. T. Watkins, A. M. Watkins, William Briscoe, Fannie Briscoe, J. J. Corwine, Amanda Corwine, Mary Corwine, Jennie Robinson and Nancy Lotspeich. Those who have officiated as ministers are, first, the Rev. Ragland, Rev. Cunningham, Rev. Mathews, and the Rev. J. A. Elliott. The pres- ent membership is twenty-eight. In the year 1880 they erected a church edifice, frame, at a cost of $1,200 and is neatly and plainly fur- nished. Their membership is small, but they make up in zeal and their meetings are well attended. They hope to profit, both by deeper inter- est in church affairs, which seems to be growing, and by the new comers to their faith. Brushy Church was organized by S. Brown, in February, 1877. The names of the original members are as follows: John Mickelberry, .Sarilda Mickelberry, Joseph Gerard, Melvina Gerard, Henry Eller, Levina EUer, Jefferson Burke, G. I. Burke, Fredrick Walby, Fredrick Seigle, Charles Seigle, Augustus Walby, Martha Walby, Ann Roads, Hannah Roberts. The names of pastors up to this date are, Rev. S. Brown, Rev. Jos- eph Timmons, Rev. J. R. Evans, Rev. W. P. Bowman. The church was built in i88o, and cost $1,200. The present mem- bership numbers seventy. A Sabbath School conducted by Daniel Gar- rison, superintendent, is connected thereto; number of pupils, sixty. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 443 POLITICAL. The first voting precinct in the township was at the house of Asa Hendricks, and remained there for several years. When its boundaries were defined under the new organization law, the voting place was removed from Hendricks' to school house No. 2. about one mile west. The township is republican by from thirty to forty majority, it giving the county ticket an average of thirty-eight republican nnajority. For justice of the peace it elected one democrat and one republican. Its local vote will be found in the chapter devoted to elections of 1880 and 1882, which is given at 125 republican to 8y democratic votes in the township. POPULATION. The population of Bogard Township in 1870 was 1,1 1? In 1880 1,195 Increase 78 This would show a gain of only seventy-eight, but in the census of 1870 was included all the territory between the forks of Grand River and Big Creek to the Cass and Johnson County line. Much of this ter- ritory was taken from her by the new organization law, which is now its prescribed bounds. With her fertile prairies and enterprising and industrious popula- tion, Bogard will grow and prosper. It is an agricultural township, with so little waste land as to be almost imperceptible, and it requires but work and intelligent cultivation to make it the garden spot of Henry County. Let the hands of industry, culture and progress guide her, and her future is not doubtful. BIG CREEK TOWNSHIP. This is one of the north border townships, having Johnson County on the north, Shawnee Township on the east, Honey Creek on the south and Bogard Township on the west. It lies principally in township 43 of range 27, but has on its northern border a strip one mile wide added to it from township 44 of the same range, the sections being from 31 to 36 of the last township inclusive. This gives it a dimension of seven miles north and south and six east and west. It has forty-two sections of land, or an area of 26,880 acres. Honey Creek and its branches waters the entire east side, while Big Creek does the same for the west. The branches from these two streams reach to the center of the township, so that with the numerous springs it is abundantly watered, and its timber supply sufBcient for all practical purposes, its timber belt lying along its running streams. 444 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. It is among the largest townships in the county, and ranks with the best in the richness which characterizes the soil of its magnificent prai- ries and the depth of the alluvial deposits found in the bottom lands of its creeks and streams. ORIGINAL BOUNDARY. Big Creek was one of the four townships organized when Henry County put on the robes of official life and secured a local habitation and a name (Rives) among her sister counties in the state. It then was composed of about one-fourth of the county, its west line being Cass and Bates Counties, Johnson County on the north, range line 26 for its eastern border and township line 42 being its southern limit. This gave it all of Bogard, Big Creek, half of Shawnee, Honey Creek and White Oak, and one-quarter of Fields Creek. This was in May, 1835. This line, however, was changed a few years afterward, in 1840, as follows: " Ordered, that Big Creek Township be altered as follows: Beginn- ing north at a point opposite Huntly's mill on Grand River; thence fol- lowing the divide between the waters of Honey and Lake Creeks, to the county road leading from Clinton to Warrensburg; thence along said road to the county line of Johnson County, including Childers in said township, and that the above boundary along the road be the eastern boundary of said township." Its first voting precinct was at the house of Thomas Kimsey, at the August election, 1836. In 1858 the Kimsey School House was desig- nated as its voting place, and that was afterward changed to Kimseyville. November i ith, 1S65, the county court ordered the voting precinct to be removed from Kimseyville to Huntingdale. EARLY SETTLERS. Littleberry Kimsey came in 1830, so did Abner Martin and his two sons, George W. and Baker Martin and George Bounds in 183 1, Wil- liam H. Anderson, Major Isaac Anderson and Esau Prewitt in 1832, and the latter settled on section 13, as also Daniel Chitwood, a son-in-law of Prewitt's. In November, 1833, Abner Martin died, the first death in the township, and his two sons and George Bounds were made administra- tors, and the appraisers of the estate were William H. Anderson, Esau Prewitt and Littleberry Kimsey. Then later came Henry Lotspeich. 1835, William F'ox, William Bidwell, John Swift, Joe and P^dward Ander- son and others. While this was one of the first settled townships in the county, and as Davis Township and then Tebo, while under the juris- diction of Lafayette, it did not settle fast from 1835. The immigrants located nearer to the county seat, within striking distance of a place of trade. Still, take the township of Big Creek as it HISTORY OF HENKV COUNTY. 445 now stands, and it is certainly a splendid body of land, rich in all that pertains to cereal productions and the prolific yield of grapes. It is like some others purely agricultural, having a couple of post offices and a store or two. The people, while patronizing those stores to a certain extent, do their largest trade at Holden. The county seat is of course attractive, and official business calls them there, but the best roads run to Holden, and in bad weather it leads in che trade. Norris Forks is at present little besides a post office, but it is centrally located, and is des- tined to become quite a village when the thousands of acres of land now idle and unproductive shall be populated with an enterprising and pro- gressive farming community. This, and this only, is what is needed to make Big Creek one of the richest agricultural townships in the county. With a steady, but not rapid increase. Big Creek gained in population and wealth, and is fairly prosperous at the present time. The Big Creek of to-day has been largely shorn of her proportions of earlier days. In 1873, the county was reorganized in townships, mak- ing nineteen, when before there only been nine. In this new arrange- ment Big Creek was composed as follows: NO. 4. BIG CREEK. "Composed of congressional township No. 43, of range No. 27, and sections Nos. 31 to 36 inclusive, in township No. 44, of range 27." This is her present dimensions and is blest with a moral and enter- prising population of about 1,200. In 1880 the population was 1,038. In the cause of education she is fairly prosperous and has fine school buildings to accommodate the growing youths or children of school age. A more perfect account of the schools of Henry County will be found in the school history in another part of this work. The settlers of this township, like all of the pioneers, had their ups and downs of life, of troubles, trials and vexations, and from the wild region of half a century ago, now stands noble farm houses, and civ- ilization has marked it for its own. This is Big Creek Township of to-day. NORRIS FORKS. The village of Norris Forks lies in the southwest corner of section 10 and is the only village in the township, if it can be called such. It is surrounded by a rich agricultural country and in a well to do farming community. It took a start in the world in the spring of 1875, in the erection of a store house by Mr. B. T. Moore. The first residence was put up by Mr. Nathan Moore, son of the first named. Dr. L. A. Wisely built and started a drug store, and in 1879 J. A. Overby put up another business house, making three in all. Its first ph\-sician was Dr. T. T. Thornton. 446 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Norris Forks was a necessity, and it is now a great convenience to the neghboring country. While the past eight years of its existence has not given it the position of a city of even the fourth class, there is no ] reason to doubt that in time it will reach that postion. When Big Creek Township shall have more of its rich soil under cultivation, and becomes | more densely populated, the central position of Norris Forks will give it i a healthy growth, and a prosperity befitting its surroundings. -^ UNION CHURCH. i The Carrsville Union Church is located on section 13, township 43, of range 27, near Petersburg, and is owned by the Baptist, Reformers, Methodists and Presbyterian denominations, and its total membership as above is about one hundred. The Rev. A. M. Cockrell, Baptist, was the first pastor, and others have held since. The church was erected by the above denominations jointly | in 1880, and cost $700. It is a frame structure plainly built and neatly | furnished. The church is gradually growing and its influence for good ] increasing. i I. O. O. F 3 I Laurel Lodge, No. 402, was organized February 22, 188 1, the anni- i versary of the birth of the Father of his Country, so-called, at Norris, j Big Creek Township. Its charter members were : L. A. Wisely, C. F. Altman, N. Kizer, R. E. Mansfield, J. W. Gilliam, J. B. Dunham and J. | W. Victor. , Officers— C. F. Altman, N. G.; J. B Dunham, V. G.; R. E. Man.sfield, Sec; L. A. Wisely, Per. Sec; J. W. Victor, Treas. The order has found a pleasant field for its labor, and it is slowly but steadily gaining in growth and influence, and is likely to continue on the road of successful lodges. The officers elected and installed for the year 1883 are as follows: M. R. Gillette, N. G.; W. A. Stansberry, V. G.; C. M. Morgan, Secretary; R. E. Mansfield, Per. Secretary; Milo ! Spaulding, Treasurer. A. F. & A. M. . Agricola Lodge No. 343, of A. F. & A. M., is one of the most pros- ! perous lodges in the county. It is located at Petersburg, Big Creek Township and its charter was granted October 12, 1870. Its charter i members were, J. H. Webster, W. M.; L. P. Beatty, S. W; M. R. Gillette, J. W. ; D. C. Mclntire, Treasurer; E. S. Campbell, Secretary; J. B. How- erton, S. D.; A. J. Dunham, J. D; A. M. Butcher, Tyler; and G. W. Beck, J. H. McCann, George W. McKee, and several others as members. ! They have a neat hall, some 36x40 feet in size, frame, which was put up 1 at a cost of $700. It is all paid for and the hall is handsomely furnished. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 44/ It has a membership of fifty-eight, with money in the treasury and loaned out. It promptly acts out the tenets of its faith, contributes to deeds of charity and takes care of the welfare of its members. Its present officers are: S. M. Lane, W. M.; L. P. Beatty, S. W.; J, W. Lane, J. W.; N. D. Lane, Treasurer; P. D. Lane, Secretary; J. B. Howerton, S. D.; S. M. Thompson, J. D.; J. C. Gilliam, S. S.; P. H. How- erton, J. S.; T. W. Dean, chaplain, W. A. McMahan, Tyler. HONEY CREEK TOWNSHIP. Honey Creek when laid out under the new township organization law should have made Grand River its southern boundary, but the county court thought otherwise, and the result, although going by section and quarter section lines, crosses Grand River no less than eight times. The township contains a little less than twenty-eight and a half sections of land. In area it has i8,ii6| acres. It is nearly all prairie; the timber there is lying on the north side of Grand River and on Honey Creek, which divides the township nearly in the center from about one and one-fourth mile of its northern border,, running almost due south, emptying in Grand River. Honey Creek waters its northeastern section, and Big Creek, com- ing down from the northwest, unites with Honey Creek, when it forks near the north line of the township. This is the most thinly populated township in the county, having in 1880 but 480, and probably does not, January, 1883, exceed 500. The township, though the land is fertile, has exhibited less enterprise than any other township in the county, even according to its population. Certainly, its thrift has not been proverbial. There is considerable of the land in the township owned by non-residents, which will account in a measure for its slow progress. While there may be coal in the township, none has yet been devel- oped. Its agricultural resources are equal to any, and needs but enter- prising and active settlers to make it one of the most productive town- ships in the county. SCHOOLS. In 1878, it had three school districts, and it now has four, and they are all well attended. The township had but a few settlers up to 1840, and since then it has improved rather slowly. John Dixon was one of the first settlers in the township, and probably the second water mill in the county was put up by him. This mill was in operation in the fall and winter of 1838-9. It was largely patronized,, persons coming from twelve to fifteen miles as customers. Its present boundary is given: 448 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ,; NO. 7, HONEY CREEK. fj " Commcncinf^ at the southeast corner of section number 36, in con- ' gressional township number 42, of range 27, and running from thence north to the northeast corner of fractional section number i, in said township and range; from thence west to the northwest corner of frac- tional section number 6, in said township and range; from thence south ; to the northwest corner of section number 30; from thence east to the i northeast corner of said section; thence south to the southwest corner ' of the northwest quarter of section number 29; thence east to the north- | east corner of the southwest quarter of section number 29; thence south j to the southwest corner of the southeast quarter of section number 29; ■< thence east to the southeast corner of the southwest quarter of section 1 number 28; thence south to the center of section number 33; thence east J to the northeast corner of the southeast quarter of section number 34; thence south to the southeast corner of the southeast quarter of section , number 34; thence east to the place of beginning." j I ■| NOT FLATTERING. 1 Here is really a good township of land, well watered, good and ' healthy climate, and why is it that it ranks as one of the least energetic townships in the county, with little encouragement in the future.^ There is something wrong somewhere, and the few citizens that now live 1 within its border should find out what that wrong is and apply a remedy at once. Without one single exception it ranks in population, wealth, i energy and material progress, at the very bottom of the ladder. With | the exception of having a well watered stock and grain township and a , •rich soil, Honey Creek has little to be proud of. ' i WHITE OAK TOWNSHIP. This township lies on the western border of the county, its western i border being Bates County. It is the smallest township in the county, ' embracing but twenty-seven sections of land or an area of 17,280 acres. Its boundary is as follows: "Composed of congressional township No. 42, range No. 28, e.xcept so much territory as lies north of the north line of the north half of sections No. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, in said township and range. May, 1873." Grand River passes through the northeastern portion of the town- ship, and White Oak Creek, which rises just south of the southwest cor- ; ner of the township, runs from southwest to northeast and empties in ■Grand River. j Grand River also passes west, through the northern tier of sections, ' and this, with White Oak Creek and its branches, waters the town- ] 1 ship. The land is good, three-fourths being prairie with an abundance j of timber along Grand River and the ocher streams. In quality of soil I HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 449 and richness of production it is up to the average in the county. It has no town or village within its limits, being, as far as settled, purely agri- cultural. It has one post office, Lucas, located in the extreme south- west corner of section twenty-one. It was not settled until 1838, and patronized a town called Grantville, in Cass County, by those who lived on its western side. This town lays northwest of the township and but a little way from the line. Coal has been found in sections 35 and 36, in the southeast corner of the township, but there is doubtless a good deal of coal in this township. There is not, however, any devel- opment of the "black diamond" at present and probably will not be for years to come. The township, while being the smallest in size in the county, ranks second from the bottom according to population, lead- ing Honey Creek Township eighty-five in the census of 1880, which gave White Oak a population of 1565, and may possibly have 600 at this writing, January, 1883. It was declared a voting precinct May 8, 1868, and it might be said that this was the first recognition of the township of White Oak. Its boundary now is as given on the first page of its history. * WIND STORM. Quite an incident occurred on August, 21, 1873, when a violent wind storm lifted the house of Martin W. Cox completely from its foundation, carried it some sixteen feet and set it down again right side up. Not a dish was broken or one of the family hurt. The house was allowed to remain right where the storm left it. The school districts in this township number three. No. i being located on section 21, near its north line; No. 2 on section 26, on the southeast quarter; and No. 3 on section 29, on the north side of the northwest quarter. They are all frame buildings, comfortably finished and furnished. The township has suffered a good deal from its non-resident land owners. At one time nearly half of the township was in their possession. To a large extent the land was held and is now held at too high a figure to bring immigration. It has no towns of its own and its distance to market, combined with high prices of its land has retarded its growth to a very great extent. When its land owners show a disposition to take a fair price for their holdings, White Oak will take a start and progress will mark her pathway. 29 CHAPTER XXX. WALKER, DAVIS AND PRES. BLEVINS TOWNSHIPS. WALKER— WHEN BORN— ITS AREA— WHEN SETTLED— DR. AMASA JONES— SOME FAMILY HISTORY-FIRST SCHOOL AND CHURCH— ITEMS— CHURCHES— IN MEMORIAM— REV. A. SPRAGUE— DAVIS- WHEN LOCATED — AREA AND POPULATION — STREAMS, PRAIRIES AND WOODLAND— SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES— LADUE— ITS BIRTH— BUSI- NESS IN 1872— CHURCH-SCHOOL— BUSINESS OF 18S3— DAVIS TOWNSHIP FIRST SET- TLERS—HER GROWTH AND PR )SPERITY— "PRES. BLEVINS"— A DISCOVERY-NEW TOWNSHIP— IT WILL NOW BE KNOWN— GOV. BLEVINS— HIS POWERS, ETC. WHEN IT WAS BORN. This township came into existence in the spring of 1873. It was originally a part of Grand River until 1840, and then became a part of Deepwater until the date above given, of its organization, which is given as follows: NO. 15, WALKER. "Composed of all of congressional township No. 41, of range No. 28." It is bounded on the north by White Oak, east by Davis, south by Deepwater, and west by the Bates County line, and being a congres- sional township is six miles square, with an area of 23,040 acres of pretty good land, about two-fifths of which is timber. The timber mostly lies in the south half of the township. The banks of Deepwater are heavily wooded, while Brushy Branch, Grand Daddy's Branch, and Camp Branch, show a large supply of timber. Deepwater lies upon its southern bor- der, covering about two-thirds of the distance, where Brushy Branch empties in it. after passing through nearly the whole of the west side. Grand Daddy's Branch rises in the north and passes through the center, while Camp Branch waters the entire eastern side. It is one of the best watered and wooded townships in the county. There has been a fine coal vein found on section 16, but has not been developed. There is undoubtedly plenty of coal to be found in the township, there being plenty of indications. It had a population in 1880 of 1,102, which is exclusively a farming community, there being no towns in the township. It was during the Grange movement one of the strongest in favor of it in the county, the farmers of the township believing in the principles of the Grange or Patrons of Husbandrx-. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 45 f WHEN SETTLED. The first white man who located in the township was an old man by the name of Greenup and he came in 1835. He did not have many nei^^hbors. The nearest was two miles and the next five. He belonged to the pioneer stock, loved a frontier life and was not satisfied when set- tlers began to locate all around him, as they were doing in 1837 and 1838. In the spring of the latter year Dr. Amasa Jones, a prominent preacher, who had been connected with Harmony Mission since 182 1, came through that part of the county, and was so pleased with Green- up's place, who had settled on section 34 near the banks of Deepwater, that he offered to purchase his claim. In fact, Greenup seeing him so pleased, offered to sell, and he was at once taken up, just what he had been wanting for a year or so. Dr. Jones was about the first settler of the township, with the exception above mentioned. He had a large family, and on his locating he was soon followed the same year by John H. Austin, a teacher at Harmony Mission. Dr. Jones on leaving the mission had taken his family with him, and one of them was named Miss Jane M. Jones. Mr.. Austin secured him- self a quarter section of land adjoining the doctor's, and then invited Miss Jones to become the mistress of his cabin, and so early in" the year 1839, Miss Jane M. Jones became Mrs. Austin, the ceremony being per- formed by her father. The writer of this history called to see this old lady, who, though nearly seventy years of age, was in good health with all her faculties seemingly unimpaired. This was the first marriage in the township, and was considered quite an event at the time, but the wedding trip was short, her new home being only about a quarter of a mile from her father's. They didn't go off on the cars, neither was her new home a brown stone front, with a mortgage attachment, but the old lady said " that she didn't see how she could have been any happier than she was." After twelve years of wedded life John H. Austin passed to his eternal home. Mrs. Austin, still his widow, at three score years and ten, is calmly waiting to meet him, who had her first and only love, upon the golden shore. May she meet him to part no more when He shall call her home. Both Dr Jones and Mr. Austin settled on section 34. A Mr. James Gates settled on section 22. A portion of the Gragg family, Mr. M. Gragg and Robert Gragg, also settled in this township in 1839. George Cowen and Joe Harness settled the same year. Quite a number of set- tlers came in 1840, 1841 and 1842, so that in the latter year there was quite a large settlement along the banks of Deepwater, on Camp Branch and on Brushy Branch. 452 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. FIRST CHURCH AND SCHOOL. The first church organization was the summer of 1840, under the lead of Dr Jones. A meeting was held, as many others before had been, under the spreading branches of a tree, and there a church was organized, with five members besides the doctor, of the Old School Pres- byterian denomination. Two years after, in 1842, Dr. Jones built a church of adobe brick on his farm, and this was not only the first church in Walker Township, but in the western part of Henry County. And, perhaps, as a building purely for church purpose, the first really in the county. School houses and churches had been the rule. This church was a leading church for years. The doctor preached constantly, but did not confine his labors to this church alone, but the " good word " was carried by him from cabin to cabin in all that country round. The first school taught in the township was in the year 1845 in a log school house, located on Dr. Gates' farm, and built by him. It was taught by a young lady from " York State, ' Miss Cynthia Robards by name, now wife of Dr. Toucey, of Bates County. She taught a four month's term with twenty scholars, and gave satisfaction. The first who received a United States patent for land was Dr. Jones, in 1843. All the lumber used in the township was hauled from Booneville, but it must be admitted that very little was hauled. They did get some, however, and also four-light window sash. But the sturdy fashion was puncheon floors, clapboard doors and mud and st^ck chimneys. The grangers of this township believe in education, and they have six district schools within the township. They are all frame houses. and six months schooling is taught annually. The attendance is above the average. OLD TIME LEADERS. The next preacher after Dr. Jones was the Rev. William Loor, of the M. E. Church. Dr. Jones, as was stated, was a doctor as well as preacher, and following him was Dr. M. A. Stewart, who was county judge in 1873 to 1881. The third doctor was Dr. Gates, and the fourth, Dr. Walker. The first mill in the township was the Huntley Mill, on Grand River, It was not in the township, but it was the mill the settlers of the town- ship patronized. A saw mill by horse power also was kept up for two years, by Mr. M. Gragg. The first justice of the peace was John H. Austin, in 1839, and he also was the first constable of the township. The next justice was Alex- ander Gragg, of Deepwater proper. Walker being a portion of the tov'n- ship. This is in 1842. HISTORY OF HENRV COUNTY. 453 MARRIAGES, BIRTHS, DEATHS. The first death was that of Peg^y, the wife of Robert Gragg, who died the year they came, in 1838, of cancer, and was buried in Camp Branch. The second death was that of William Gragg, son of Robert, in 1839, thus losing wife and son within about a year. The son's age was about thirty years. The first marriage was that above stated of Mr. Austin and Miss Jones. The second was that of Miss Walbert, but was within the pres- ent town of Deepwater. The third was in the winter of 1839, being that of Miss Elanda Gragg and George Cowan; fourth that of Mary Ann Gragg and William B. Poage. The former by Esquire Bedwell, and the latter by Dr. Jones. They were sisters of the Rev. R. M. Gragg. The latter were married May 9, 1844. In 1845, Robert Gragg and Miss Peggy Gragg were married, the latter his cousin. These were the early mar- riages. M. E. CHURCH. The Brushy M. E. Church was organized in October, 1866, and located on Brushy Creek, on north half of the west half of the southeast quarter of section 29. The class was organized by the Rev. Jesse Bright, at the Adobe Church, the old church erected by Dr. Jones. The original members were: Jacob Covey and wife (class leader), Joshua Covey, Priscilla Hunt, Verlinda Hart, Sarah B. and Mary E. Hart, Mrs. Paralia Walker, Mrs. Laura Covey, and Mrs. Melinda Covey. After the organization the congregation Vv'orshipped at the Brushy Creek school house, but a few steps from where the church now stands, until they erected their present church edifice in 1872. The building is frame and cost $800. The church was never dedicated, probably through neglect. There is at present a membership of 140, but at the time the church was built there were 95 members. Death and removals have been the cause of some changes. The first pastor was the Rev. Robertson, the Rev. T. S. Bennefield three years, and then the Rev. A. Warren, two years, under and during whose ministry the church was erected; in 1874, Rev. A. Anderson, three years; 1877, Rev. T. S. Bennefield, one year; Rev. H. H. Dunlavy, two years; in 1880 Rev. J. R. Criss, who died December 7, 1880, and was succeeded by the Rev. J. R. Reader, temporarily, until March 1881, when they secured the Rev. Isaac N. Entwisle for one year; he was then succeeded by the Rev. Thomas Pingrey, who still retains pastorate. The principal incident connected with the church was the revival of October, 1880, under the charge of the Rev. J. R. Criss. The meet- ing continued, resulting in forty conversions and thirty accessions to the church. Three camp meetings, all largely attended, were held in 186S, 1869 and 1871. 454 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. CAMP BRANCH M. E. CHURCH. This church is one of the oldest in the township, having been organ- ized as far back as 1850. The original members were Malcolm Gragg and wife, Robert M. and Nicholas Long and wife, Allen Ing and wife, Ellis White and wife and Jonathan Smith and wife. The church grew and had a membership of forty. They have no church, but use the school house in their neighborhood. Those who have officiated as pas- tors are the following, in the order named: Rev. Jonathan Smith, Rev. Ellis White, Rev. R. M. Gragg and Rev. William Kinney. Present mem- bership, forty. The township at this time is settling slowly. Along its creeks and branches are found the largest farms, leading out and taking in much of the rich and fertile prairies. There is a large amount of excellent farm- ing land to be had cheap, and few persons can find a better location than there is in this township. The lands are low in price, market is con- venient and school and churches at hand, which is enough to show that it is and will be a desirable settlement for farmers. The man who more than others stamped his individuality upon the people of the township, as also of Deepwater, was Dr. Amasa Jones, the eminent Presbyterian divine. We can close this article with no better reading than a short biographical sketch of this early pioneer. IN MEMORIAM. Amasa Jones was born at Rindge, Cheshire County, New Hamp- shire, April 28, 1796, and died at Deepwater, Henry County, Missouri, April 17, 1870. His father's name was Asa and his mother's Mary. He was one of a large family, nearly all of whom have preceded him to the world of spirits. He remembered his Creator in the days of his youth and in early life became a follower of Jesus. The consecration of him- self to the service of his Master was whole-hearted. In answer to the inquiry, " Lord, what wilt Thou have me to do.-*" God spread out before him the mission field. In his endeavors to discern the indications of Providence to duty he was made to behold the broad field for Christian enterprise among the benighted heathens of all nations of the earth. These researches, laying the foundation of characteristic benevolence and self-denying toil, resulted in the resolve, " Here am I, Lord, send me." He desired to teach the heathen and to lead them to Christ. On February 15, 1821, he was married to Miss Roxana Stearns, of Ashburnham, Worcester County, Massachusetts. In a few days after- wards he set out with a number of others to go to a mission field of the then Far West by an overland route, there being then but few facilities for traveling. He came out under the auspices of the American Board of Foreign Missions, and became an assistant missionary at the Har- mony Mission, a station established on the Marais des Cygnes, about three miles from its mouth, and in the extreme western part of the then new state of Missouri. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 455 This was then the home of the Osage Indians. His labors there were principally in the school. His letters spread upn the pages of the Missionary Herald, of the years 1825 and 1835, inclusive, amply testify to his devotion to the cause of civilizing and christianizing the Indians. He attained to other spheres of usefulness. He devoted much of his time, spared from the school, to the study of theology. It seemed nec- essary for him to study medicine also. Dr. W. N. Belcher, now in New York, was for six years the physician of the station. But his health fail- ing, he was required to quit the post. Foreseeing this step, and know- ing Mr Jones' general adaptation to the work, Dr. Belcher recommended that he prepare himself, and he studied medicine under the doctor for some time. But the taking care of souls was a higher sphere of life and duty for him. He was ordained and set apart to the ministry of the gos- pel at Harmony Mission, October 12, 1830, by the Arkansas Presbytery, having been licensed to preach a few years before. He ever had a real- izing sense of the grave responsibilities of the office. But his soul was fired with fresh hopes and nobler aspirations. But as the white man advanced the red man receded, and in 1835, the Harmony Mission Sta- tion was abandoned. The old site is still discernible near Papinville, Bates County. Dr. Jones moved with his family, his wife and two daughters, Mary and Jane, to Deepwater, then in Rives County, where he procured a tract of land and opened a settlement. A church was soon organized and he took charge of it as pastor, and continued so till July, 1867, when Rev. B. F. Powelson was associated with him. He preached the word in many places throughout this region, and the old settlers can well tes- tify to his attachment to the croSs of Christ and zeal for the glory of God. He went about doing good, and was successful in winning many souls to Christ. He was quite successful in the practice of medicine, and con- tributed much towards ameliorating the sufferings of mankind. He was an earnest, self sacrificing, indefatigable laborer in his Mas- ter's vineyard. He sought not — desired not — compensation for his toil, from among the stores of earth. His practice as a physician, and the results of his own ingenuity and industry secured for himself and family a comfortable living and ample provision for old age. He was a student all his life — assiduous and unrelaxing in his efforts in early life, and determined, fixed ever in his purpose, to acquaint him- self with the movements of mankind, in the various spheres of life, and specially to keep himself posted in regard to the progress of the church of Christ. He was a close reader, and though he had never seen the great improvements of the age, remaining at his post on the frontier, yet he had a fair knowledge of these things, and his descriptions of them were astonishingly accurate. His independence of mind and originality of thought, shaped and drawn out, no doubt by necessity, were evi- denced in quite a number of productions, material and immaterial. He looked with favor upon the progressive spirit of the age. But he set his face against countenancing, in any way, the great evils of the world. He refused to enter upon any compromise with intemperance, profanity or Sabbath breaking. He was unflinching in his devotion to the great prin- ciples of Christianity, and sought in every conceivable way the establish- ment and perpetuity of truth, and the maintenance of the right. He labored among all classes faithfully for the sowing of the precious seed, 456 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. for the culture of the tender vines, and for the maturity of the fruits of the Spirit. He oftentimes seemed impatient in sickness— desiring to be in his place with God's worshippers, and fearing lest his absence should prove a hindrance to the cause of Christ. His zeal thus carried him some- times beyond the capabilities of the flesh. The last Sabbath he spent on earth was one of special exertion and anxiety to him. It was the Sabbath preceding the meeting of his own Presbytery and a neighbor- ing Presbytery among his people. He wanted the people to be inter- ested in these things. He longed for this meeting. He wished to see the last vestige of separation carried away, and the two branches of the Presbyterian Church inseparably united. He longed to greet the breth- ren once more, and congratulate them on the acccomplishment of so noble a work. As Simeon to see Christ, so he longed to see the run- ning together of these kindred streams. He was desirous to share with his people the promised feast of love and joy. He attended ser- vices in the morning, and a prayer meeting in the evening, where he made an earnest appeal to sinners to come to Christ. In his last days, the lew appeals he attempted were exceedingly earnest. The fire glowed fervently on the altar of his love. His soul yearned for the salvation of those who surrounded him. His conversation indicated a ripening for heaven and glory. For many months he seemed to be amid the scenes of the Delectable Mountains and the land of Beulah. He was near Christ, and could well call upon his friends to come to him. And yet his soul longings were " Nearer my God to thee." While subject to temptation and danger, he kept his armor on, and when death came it thus found him. His last foe was conquered; and he breathed his last breath out sweetly reposing on the bosom of the Con- queror — Him whom he delighted to serve while upon the earth — Him, who called him to come up higher — Him, whom he now adores with the hosts of heaven. Jesus called him. He was ready — willing to go. His longings had been satisfied beyond expectation. The latest intelligence assured him that the ark of the covenant was being carried forward, that his youngest granddaughter was singing a song of praise to Christ's redeeming love, and that his brethren, in the glorious light of the re-united church, had seen each other face to face, and sung, as they emerged from the shadows of separation, "Blest be the tie that binds our hearts in Chris- tian love, etc." His face seemed radiant in the light of his triumph. The conflict was over. Victory blazed out upon the banner of his faith. VIC- TORY made resplendid the cross, and rendered altogether lovely the dying Savior. He triumphed in him who burst the gates of death. It was enough. "Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word; for mine eyes have seen thy salvation." And heaven opened its portals. He is gone! — " Gone to begin a new and happier story, The bitterer tale of earth now told and done. These outer shadows for that inner glory Ex;hanged forever — O thrice blessed One! " The earthly Sabbath, gave place to the eternal Sabbath. He sleeps? — " not dead, but sleepeth." HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 45/ " He is not tasting death, but taking rest, On the same holy couch where Jesus lay. So soon to awake all glorified and blest, ^Vhen day has broke and shadows fled away. The funeral services were held in the Adobe Church, (a building- the deceased had erected during his life,) in the morning of the i8th, the room being crowded to its utmost capacity. Rev. Mr. Paige, of Springfield, delivered a sermon, and was followed, in brief and touching- addresses by Rev. Mr. Brown, of Neosho, and Rev Mr. Requa, of Lone Oak, and a contemporary with Mr. Jones among the Indians. The corpse was taken from the church to its place of burial, one mile east of Germantown, preceded by the members of the Osage and Southwest Missouri Presbyteries and followed by a large concourse of friends. " And I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, write, blessed are the dead, which die in the Lord from henceforth; yea saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labors; and their works do follow them." ' ' B. F. P. Germantown, Mo., April 28, 1870. DAVIS TOWNSHIP. This township, so far as the quality of the soil is concerned, and its magnificent landscape, is the equal of any township in the county. From a prominent point on what is called "Mound Prairie," can be seen one of the prettiest sights, both as regards the beauty of the landscape and the richness of the waving grain in the summer season. This tells of a soil of surpassing richness and a population of enterprising people. There is not, perhaps, as much thrift in the southern part, but the land is fertile, and its future need not be uncertain. There is undoubtedly an abundance of coal in the township, but it is scarcely developed at all. In 1877 and 1878 a mine was worked, and probably is now, but not much beyond home consumption. Coal has cropped out on sections 21 and 22, and there are indications in quite a number of other places, so that on the question of fuel there is no cause for alarm for several generations to come. AREA AND POPULATION. In 1873 the county court gave this as the boundary of the township: NO. 14, DAVIS. " Composed of all of congressional township No. 41, range No. 27." At the same time they defined the bounds of Honey County, follow- ing, or nearly so, the line of Grand River. In doing this they left out all of sections 30, 31 and 32, all of 33 except the northeast quarter, the southwest quarter of 29, and the south half of section 34 in township 42, range 27. < 458 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. This ought to have been added at the time to Davis Township, but it was not, and if it has not been added since, there are about four and a half sections of land which may have a tangible existence, but has no name. This spot will be named and treated at the end of this sketch. It has not, however, interfered with the progressive spirits living there in a corner by themselves, barred on two sides by Grand River and the other two sides by township lines. If this territory belongs to Davis Township and it was so intended probably, if not so stated, the township has a landed area of 25,920 acres, mostly prairie land, watered by Grand River on its northeastern and northern border, and on the south by Deepwater Creek. Of the five small branches that empty in Grand River and rise within the township Elm Branch and Fishing Hollow are the two largest, but are still small streams. Camp Branch empties into Deepwater in the southwest cor- ner of the township, and Willow Branch and one other near the center. The township is fairly watered, has but little timber, lying, what there is, principally on Grand River and Deepwater. Its population in 1880 was 1,074, o( which 140 was claimed by LaDue, a railroad station in the southeast corner of the township. SCHOOLS, ETC. The township is divided into six school districts, with a good and substantial frame school building in each district. At the Willow Branch School House, sub-district No. 3, located on the northeast quarter of section 29, there has been for quite a number of winters a debating school or society kept up, called the Willow Branch Debating Club. This is a feature to be commended and worthy of emulation by other schools throughout the county. LADUE. is situated on the M. K. & T. division of the Missouri Pacific Railroad, and both in name and location is unfortunate. While the name is not regarded with any great degree of favor by the people of Henry County, its location being nearly midway between Clinton, the count}' seat, and the enterprising town of Montrose, its business is called away by these towns, but it is a good deal more than a flag station on the line of road. The report that the conductors on the road say that when a man stops ofif at this station that he is a fugitive trying to hide, or a lunatic, is not true so far as the writer can ascertain. Two conductors have at least denied the soft impeachment on being interrogated. They both, how- ever, would wind up their remarks with, "But," with a look so expressive and at the same time so terrible that our investigations went no farther. Yet this town, or \'illage, had in 1872: one dry goods or general store, I HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 459 Kepsby Gragg, Wright «& Co., one of whom was postmaster; one grocery and provision store; one blacksmith and wagon shop; one cooper shop; one boarding house; one saloon and eight dwelling houses. CHRISTIAN CHURCH. This church was organized in 1866, in Davis Township, and some of the original members were William Davis and wife, and four of their children, Henry Settles. William Briggs and his wife Rebecca, Albert Briggs and his wife Lucy, Dr. A. P. Bowman and wife. When LaDue became located, the church was removed to that place, and is now known as the " LaDue Christian Church." In 1878, a neat and substantial frame church building was erected at a cost of $850, and this congregation has a pleasant place of worship. The pastors have been Rev. J. W. Kellar and Rev. William Bridge, and they have been mostly transient, Rev. W. P. Dorsey the last. The church has now eighty members. Elders, Henry Settles, Dr. A. P. Bowman and William Davis. One of the most pleasing and instructive incidents of the church was a public debate, on the part of the church- by the Rev. W. P. Dorsey, and his opponent the Rev. Williams, of the Baptist denomination. It came off in August, 1882, and lasted a week. The church is exercising a strong influence for good which is constantly extending. 1883. Notwithstanding the fact that LaDue lies between two good busi- ness points, it is gradually growing, and its business more rapidly than its population. The fact is, the country is rich around it, and the farmers in good circumstances. Then the business men are energetic, and don't propose to be undersold by anybody. This fact being pretty well known it has secured a handsome trade. There are in LaDue: R. M. Bolton, drugs and medicines. S. H, Jones & Son, drugs and medicines. Smith, Steck & Co., general store. G. F. Rock, general store. E. L. Fahnestock, general store. One stock dealer. Dr. Joseph Noble. One good school building. The Christian Church. It is quite a shipping point, hogs, cattle, corn and flaxseed being the leading articles, while hides, tallow, provisions, etc., fill up, in all, over 100 car loads per annum. 460 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. J\ The first store started in LaDue was by Joshua Gates in the fall of 1870. He was followed by Claiborn Dowell with the first residence. In ! virtue of having a store Joshua Gates became the first postmaster. He ' was followed the next year by H. M. Wright, who only held it a short . time, and Mr. A. E. Gragg took it of Gragg, Wright & Go. In 1873 it was turned over to Mr. E. L. Fahnestock, who has retained it since, I being the present postmaster of the town. j In 1880 LaDue had a population of 140 and it will now reach 200. j It is not expected to become a very large town, but as a railroad station i and trading point it will prove a great convenience and is likely to hold its own. J WHEN LOCATED. * The town was laid out on the land of William Davis in the year j 1870, and has about eighty acres in the town plat. The growth of the I town has been since the arrival of the railroad. ! THE FIRST SETTLER. ] The first settler in Davis Township was Ezekiel Blevins, who really j settled in our new township, " Pres. Blevins." He located on section ! 32, removing from section 16, Shawnee Township, where he had settled in 1832, and sold his claim in 1833. R. P. Blevins, called " Pres." Blev- ins, was a shouting infant less than six months old, and is to-day the oldest male child born in Henry Gounty. Others soon followed and the north half of Davis Township and along the banks of Grand River some of the earliest and best of the old pioneers located, and they stamped the native energy and integrity of their character upon their descendants. Davis Township's prosperity lies in the energies of her sons, the land is there beautiful to the eye, and labor will make it blos- som like the rose. "PRES. blevins" TOWNSHIP — A NEW DISCOVERY. A new discovery has brought to Henry Gounty another township. Having found four and one-half sections of land without a local habi- tation, or a name, but surrounded on all sides by municipal divisions, the writer has given it the name of "Pres. Blevins" township, after the | first white male child born in Henry Gounty, Preston Blevins, and also rom the fact that he is one of the largest land owners in the new town- ship, as well as an honored and well known citizens of Henry Gount}-. Davis Township, as will be seen iw the foregoing pages, was made by the county court in 1873 the size of a congressional township, while 1 Honey Greek Township followed, a measure, the windings of Grand ! River, leaving the southwest corner without being defined. HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. IT WILL NOW BE KNOWN. 461 The good citizens of " Pres Blevin " supposed they belonged to Davis, but it is not so recorded, or was not January ist, 1883, and it has been outside the pale of legal civil life for all these years. Having found it and christened it, it will now be known as " Pres. Blevins." It is bounded on the north and east by Grand River and Henry Creek; south by Davis and west by White Oak Townships. It has four and one-half sections of splendid prairie land, except that which lies on Grand River, which is well wooded. Is has both wood and water in abundance, and about as live and energetic a farming population as any township in the county. GOVERNOR BLEVINS. There is no government land in the township, or any legal govern- ment for that matter, but R. P. Blevins is hereby appointed " governor," until such time as his successors shall be elected and qualified, with full power to act and to send for persons and papers. CHAPTER XXXI. J 1 OSAGE, FAIRVIEW AND BEAR CREEK TOWNSHIPS. \ OSAGE— THE GREAT SOUTHEAST— WHO SETTLED IT— OSAGE TOWNSHIP IN 1858 -CONS- j VILLE— nS TWIN SISTER— METES AND BOUNDS IN 1858 AND 1873— CORN AND STOCK— i POPULATION— FIRE AT BROWNINGTON-CHURCHES— SCHOOL— BUSINESS. FAIRVIEW —CENTRAL LOCATION-ITS STREAMS— WOOULAND-THE FAMOUS 'I' EN MILE PRAIRIE —ORIGINALLY— THE ORGANIZATION OF 1873— OLD SEI'TLERS-ITS COAL FIELDS- RAILROAD FACILITIES— SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES. BEAR CREEK— METES, BOUNDS j AND AREA— WATER AND TIMBER— GAME— WHEN ORGANIZED-SCHOOL-OLD SET- j TLERS- PROGRESS— ITS FUTURE. ] THE SOUTHEAST. ;! The first settlement in Osage Township was in 1835. To be sure, ! this settlement was neither large or extensive nor did it grow rapidl}'. 1 Captain Royster, now deceased, Alexander Bowles and Whit. Mulhol- ^ land — these were all that can be named of the settlers who came in 1835, j but there was George Bowles, William Stewart, David White, Mont- ' gomery Wright, John Johnson and Reuben Good, who came in 1836-7. < James Smith came in the latter year, while Overton Parks was a settler | of 1835 or the spring of 1836, and John Thornton in 1837 or 1838. These were the principal early settlers. At this time Osage was a part of Springfield Township, and it I remained such until 1858. Judge Hillegas, who was county judge for a ] number of years, settled in this township in 1856. I In 1858, as above mentioned, the county court created Osage Town- , ship and gave it the following metes and bounds: I "Ordered, That a municipal township be established within the fol- ] lowing boundaries, to wit: ! Beginning at a point on Grand River, where the county line between ' Benton and Henry intersects said river; thence south to the corner of I the county; thence west along the county line dividing Henry and St. ! Clair Counties to where the range line between ranges 26 and 27 inter- i sects the county line; thence north along said range line to where it j intersects Deepwater Creek; thence east down the main channel of said Deepwater Creek to where it intersects Grand River; thence down the 1 middle of the channel of said river to place of beginning. . And that the house of George W. Bowles be constituted and ' declared the voting precinct of said township, and that said township ; be known and called by the name of Osage Township and that the same be certified forthwith." HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 463 This was at the May term of the county court, and the first election was the annual August election of that year. The first ferry across Grand River was kept by John T. Thornton, who was born in Virginia in the year 1800, and who, coming to Missouri, settled in Osage Township, Kenry County, a few miles below Browning- ton, in i attained a well merited prominence, is he whose name beads this sketch. | He was born in Henry County (then Rives), January 26, 1836, and with | probably one or two exceptions, is the oldest man now living, born I within the limits of the county. His father, Henry Avery, whose biog- \ raphy appears elsewhere, was born in Roane County, Tennessee. His j mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Green, a native of White County, Tennessee. The Avery family are of English origin and the earliest known progenitor, Christopher Avery, emigrated from Great Brit- tain and settled in Connecticut in early colonial days, and their descend- j ants took an active part in the war for independence, no less than nine j of that name being killed and five wounded at the battle of Fort Gris- i wold, on Groton Heights, September 6, 1781. Four of this number ! were commissioned officers. Groton Monument, commemorating this }i conflict, stands on ground once a part of the Avery estate. The mater- nal ancestry were also of English descent and settled in Virginia at an \ 1 BIOGRAPHICAL. 495. early day, and were related to General Nathaniel Green, of Revolu- tionary fame. John Green, the grandfather, moved to White County,. Tennessee, and became a Baptist minister and died at an advanced age in 1850. Angus C. Avery was reared on a farm and received his primary education in the schools of the neighborhood in ^vhich he lived. He then entered Union Hill Academy, White County, Tennessee, and after preparing himself for one year, became a student of Burritt College^ Tennessee, where he remained two years. He then returned to Mis- souri and attended the State University at Columbia for one year but subsequently returned to Burritt College, where he was graduated July 3, 1858, and was honored by being appointed valedictorian of the class. The same year he entered the law department of Cumberland Univer- sity, Tennessee, and was graduated in the spring of i860, and admitted to the bar by Judge Caruthers of the supreme court. Returning to Clinton, he engaged in the practice of his profession until the courts were suspended in consequence of the war. He then turned his atten- tion to the real estate business in which he has since been actively engaged, and at the present time he is one of the largest land owners as well as tax payers of the county. He has always shown a worthy public spiritedness and every good cause, calculated to be of lasting benefit to the city or county, receives his hearty support. In railroad matters he has been specially active with others in reviving the enterprise of build- ing the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, a charter for which was granted prior to iS6obut abandoned on account of the war. This road, after many difficulties, was completed and is now known as the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad. He was one of the largest contributors and the watch word of the company was " economy." The company records will show that though entitled to a salary, he served without compensation, even for expenses, for several years as a director, traveling by his own private conveyance from Sedalia on the east to Fort Scott on the west, attend- ing meetings of the board and using his influence for the undertaking until it was completed. The first mile of the road was graded on his land through which he gave the right of way. He was one of the orig- inators of the First National Bank of Clinton and has served its interest as president and director. In educational matters he has always taken a deep interest. In his religious preference he is a Baptist and holds the position of deacon, and has served as superintendent of the Sabbath School for seven years. He is one of the trustees of William Jewell College at Liberty, Missouri, and contributed largely to its endowment. He is also on the board of trustees of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, located at Louisville, Kentucky. The Baptist Church edifice in Clinton is due largely to his munificence, as is also the useful- ness of its church organization. For the past twenty years he has taken the most advanced position in favor of temperance and prohibition. Ncv ^9^ HISTORY OF HENRY COUNl Y. ' one in the past has so thoroughly canvassed against saloons in Clinton, i In all places and under all circumstances he is loyal to truth, honor and ; right, and richly merits the esteem in which he is held. He was mar- ' ried July 3, i860, to Miss Rhoda Dodge, daughter of William H. and j Catherine Dodge, of^ Cumberland County. Tennessee, originally from ^ New York. Their family consists of eight children: August D., Wil- • ; liam H., Howard G. and Herbert D. (twins), Angus B., Clara B., Rhoda ' E. and Walter W. Lost owe daughter in infancy, Elizabeth K. ■JOHN M. AVERY. i ! Of the early settlers of Henry County, Missouri, no name is more I familiar than that of Henry Avery, a brief sketch of whom appears else- : where. James M., his son, the president of the First National Bank of ' Clinton, was born in Henry County June /th, 1838. His early life was : spent on his father's farm, and from 1853 until 1856 he was a student in \ Murritt College, Spencer, Tennessee. After leaving college he returned ; home and resumed farming until the outbreak of the war, when he j engaged in the horse and mule trade, and continued this business until i 1865. He then embarked in the mercantile business in Clinton, in com- i pany with Mr. Doyle, the firm name being Avery & Doyle. He was one i of the organizers of the Clinton Savings Bank in 1870. This bank was succeeded in February, 1872, by the First National Bank, and for nearly \ two years Mr. Avery was cashier. In 1S75 he commenced the banking ; business in Moberly, Missouri, the firm being Avery & Wbolfolk, and here he continued until 1879, when he returned to Clinton. In 1881 he was elected vice president of the First National Bank, and in 1882 became its president. He was married June i6th, 1865, to Miss Sallie M. Wool- folk, a native of Missouri. They have a family of four children: Ella C, Charles H., Mary B. and Frank M. Mr. and Mrs. Avery are mem- bers of the Baptist Church, and Mr. A. holds the office of deacon. JOHN N. BARLOW, of the firm of Bolinger & Barlow, grocers, owes his nativity to Belmont County, Ohio, where he was born October 5, 1842. He there grew up and received his education, and at the age of seventeen years he moved to Warren County, Illinois, where he was engaged in mercantile pursuits at Berwick for about two years. He was subsequently interested in busi- ness at Burlington, Iowa, till the fall of 1862, when he came to Calhoun Henry County, as sutler's clerK with the First Iowa Regiment. After remaining there a short time he was occupied in the same business at Clinton, Missouri, and also as clerk for Mr. Rogers till 1S63, when he returned to Bloomington, Ohio. After remaining there eight months, BIOGRAPHICAL. ^ 497 he again came to Clinton, in April, 1864, and for the following eighteen months, gave his attention to mercantile pursuits. In April, 1866, he was appointed county clerk, and held that office by appointment and election till January, 1871, then serving as deputy county clerk till Jan- uary, i875- ^n 1876 he was elected constable ot this township and served two years. In the fall of 1877, he with Mr. Plumer commenced in the grain business, and in February 1879, he became deputy postmaster, which position he held till September, 1880, then embarking in the gro- cery business. Mr. Barlow was united in marriage January i, 1862, to Miss Ellen A. Whitenack, a native of Illinois. They have one child, Johanna P. ANDREW BIFFER, dealer in furniture, etc., is a native of Germany and was born October 30, 1841. He was there reared and educated, and according to the laws of that country, enlisted when twenty years of age in the army for five years. In December, 1865, he emigrated to America, and after a resi- dence in New York City of two months he went to Louisville, Kentucky, • remaining for three months. Later he was a resident of Belleville. Illi- nois, for six months, and upon going to Ouincy, Illinois, was engaged at the trade of cabinet making. After residing there nearly one }'ear he came to Kirksville, Missouri, in February, 1871, and embarked in the furniture business, continuing with great success till June. 1S80, when he established his present furniture store in Clinton. He carries a large stock of goods in his line, and is doing about the principal share of trade at this place. Mr. Biffer was married October 10, 1870, to Miss Kath- arine Frazier, a native of Missouri. They have two children, Anna and Mary. He is a member of the Odd Fellows' fraternity. ALBERT J. BLACKFORD. dealer in millinery ajid fancy dry goods, was born in Hancock County, Ohio, August 10, 1844. He made his home there till 1859. ^vhen he removed to Clinton, DeWitt County, Illinois, engaging in the printing trade in the Transcript office. He remained a " typo" on that paper till 1862. Then he enlisted in the United States Army, Company F, 107th Regiment Illinois, and served through General Sherman's Atlanta cam- paign, and vvith General Thomas through his Tennessee campaign, and was mustered out as captain of his company, at Springfield, Illinois, in July, 1865 He then returned to Clinton. Illinois, and embarked in the dry goods business, the firm being Taylor & Blackford. They continued business until Mr. Blackford came to this city, in 1872. He has a large and well selected stock of goods and is enjoying a liberal patronage. He was united in marriage May 4, 1862, to Miss Mary E. Taylor, of Ohio 33 498 ^ HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. birth. They have one child, Charlie T. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and also of the Knights of Pythias. GEORGE H. BLAKEMORE, dealer in hardware and agricultural implements, a native of Augusta County, Virginia, was born July 22. 1842. His father, William C. Blake- more, was also born in that county, as was his mother, Mary A. (New- man) Blakemore. They were reared and married there, the former dying in 1859, and the latter in 1848. George was brought up as a farmer's boy, and was educated in the schools of that period. When twenty-one years of age he emigrated to Pettis County, Missouri, and engaged in the tinner's trade, which he thoroughly learned, till the fall of 1859, when he came to Clinton, Misssouri. Here he embarked in business, handling stoves and tinware, under the firm name of Blakemore & Co. In 1862, on account of the war, he went to Adams County, Illinois, and gave his attention to farming, going thence in a year to Idaho City, Idaho Terri- tory. For a short time he was engaged there in mining, and later fol- lowed that business through Washington, Monlanaand Oregon Territo- ries for twenty-eight months. In July, 1866, he returned to Clinton, and worked at his trade with Houx & Bigsby, for eight months, they closing out to Kimbrough & Bro. After that time he remained with this firm as a jour workman till 1S71, then becoming a partner in the concern, which was known as Kimbrough & Co. They were in business together until September, 1878, when Mr. K. sold his interest to Mr. Blakemore, who has since continued the business. He was united in marriage January 15, 1861, to Miss Mary F. Ragland, a native of Mis- , souri. They have three children: Nathaniel J., George O. and Jene A. Mr. B. is a member of the M E. Church South. S. BLATT, proprietor of livery, feed and sale stable. The subject of this sketch was born in Henry County, Ohio, October 13, 1846. When he was nine years of age his father's family removed to Woods County, Ohio. Left an orphan in his fourteenth year, he was compelled to obtain a living for himself, which he did. Remaining in Woods County till 1867, he then went to Dubuque, Iowa, where he had relatives living, with whose assist- ance he was enabled to take a course of study at Bailey's Commercial College of that city, which he attended nine months. Previous to this time, however, while in Ohio he attended in 1866 the Spencer Commer- cial College at Cleveland. He was subsequently for a time engaged in school teaching, and in the fall of 1868 he returned to Ohio and resided there till the fall of 1869, when he located in Missouri and embarked in stock dealing. In tlie spring of 1870 he came to Clinton, Missouri, and I I BlOGRAnnCAL. 499 established himself in the hotel business, in what was then the St. Ste- phens House, continuing therein till the fall of 1872. Then he was elected constable of what then included eight townships, the office at that time being a very profitable one. This position he filled (having been re-elected several times) till resigning it in 1877. In July, 1875, he commenced the livery business on the south side of the square, where he remained till December, 1877. Then Mr. Hormeyer became a partner with him, and they conducted the establishment till March, 1878, when they bought the stock of the other stable then here, managing them both till the fall of 1881, at which time they disposed of their livery business. Mr. B. then built his large sale stable on Main Street, where he now buys and sells exclusively. He makes a specialty of mule buy- ing. and feeding for the market. Since December, 1882, he has been a partner with Mr. Duncan in the livery trade below the Jordan House, where they have a well equipped stable. In 1879 l^c was elected mayor of this city and was its first ma}'or under the new cit\' charter. He dis- charged the duties of that office for two years. Mr. Blatt was married October i, 1868, to Miss Frances J. Shaw, a native of Delaware County, Iowa. They have two children, Rufu§ E. and Henry S. He is a niem- ber of the I. O. O. F. fraternity and of the encampment of that order, and has held all the offices within the gift of the lodge. WILSON H. BLEDSOE, of the firm of Bledsoe & Lane, grocers, came originally from Taylor County, Kentucky, where he was born February 15, 1844. He was reared in the counties of Washington and Marion, and in August, 1861, at the age of seventeen, he enlisted in Company A, Second Kentucky Cavalry, United States Army, and served till December, 17, 1864, having par- ticipated in the battles of Stone River, Perryvale, Kentucky, Shiloh and Chickamauga. He was captured at the time of McCook and Stone- man's raid through Georgia, and was a prisoner at Andersonville for three months, and then while on the way to Charleston, made his escape when near the mouth of the Edisto River, and was taken aboard a man- of war in that vicinity. Finally he made his way to New York, and in a short time returned to his command; receiving his discharge at Nash- ville, Tennesse. He then went to Green County, Kentucky, where he remained one year, and from there to Jeffersonville, Indiana, where he remained till February, 1868. Coming to Clinton he was engaged in blacksmithing till May 188 1, after which he embarked in the grocery business with his present partner. Mr. Bledsoe was married October 30, 1870, to Miss Emma Burton, a native of Missouri. They have three children: Inez, Iva, and an infant. Mr. B. is a member of the Masonic order and of the I. O. O. F. and has been a representative of the latter order 500 . HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. to the grand lodge of the state. For one term he belonged to the city council. WILLIAM W. BOLINGER, jeweler, and a member of the grocery house of Bolinger & Barlow, was born in Clinton County, Pennsylvania, October 30th, 1834. He was reared in the occupation of farming, being educated in the schools of his native county. When 19 years of age he began the jewelry trade at Jersey Shore, and remained there for three years, then, in 1856, going to Kendall County, Illinois, where he stopped six months, and thence to Jackson, Michigan. After seven months time spent in that city he returned home and resided at his birthplace one year. Going again to Kendall County, Illinois, he stayed nine months, and after a short resi- dence in Jersey County, went to Leavenworth, Kansas. Two m'onths after he returned to Jerseyville, Illinois, and in one month went back home, where he stopped till the spring of 1865. Coming westward he stopped in Princeton, Illinois, for five months, and from there to Jersey- ville, where he mae his home till February, 1868. Then he came to Clinton, Missouri, and began the jewelry business, at which he has since been engaged. In September, 1880, he commenced in the grocery busi- ness with the present manager of the firm, Mr. Barlow. Mr. Bolinger was married August 15th, 1859, ^o Miss Lallie Loudou, a native of Penn- sylvania. They have three children, Thaddeus S., William P. and an infant. Mr. B. is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity and of the encampment of that order. He also belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the A. O. U. W. orders. He has been a member of the city council lor four vears. MARCUS L. BONHAM, proprietor of Oak Hill Nursery, was born in Blount County, Tennessee, February 20, 1836. At the age of four years he was taken by the family to Henry County, Indiana, where he was reared and received his educa- tion, following from his twentieth year the occupation of school teach- ing. This profession he continued for five }'ears, and about the year i860 he became engaged in the photographic business. For two years he gave his attention to this art, then resuming his farming operations, till March, 1866, at which time he moved to Carroll County, Missouri. After residing there for two years he went to Newton County, and in one year, or the spring of 1869, came to Henry Count}- and established the present Oak Hill Nursery. He has twent)--one acres of land well adapted for his business, and he raises all varieties of trees, plants, etc., which thrive in this locality, and he supplies mostK" our home market. Mr. Bonham was married November 23, 1862, to Miss Margaret Hendricks, a native of Indiana. They have five children : Franklin M., Lyton L., Josephine E., Maude and Margaret hi. I BIOGRAPrllCAL. 50I JOSEPH F. BOYD, farmer, section 31. The subject of this sketch is a native of Warren County, Missouri, and was born December 13, 1836. His father, William Boyd, was born in Lincoln County, Missouri, November 18, 1809, and moved to Warren County in 1833; he married Nancy A. Jorney, origin- ally of St. Charles County. They reared six children, Joseph being the eldest. William Boyd died in September, 1864, and his wife's death occurred in 1850. Young Boyd grew up and was educated in the county of his birth, and there followed farming till the spring of 1857. In that year he came to Henry Count}', Missouri, settling on the farm where he now lives. He has 240 acres of fine land and the improvements upon it are excellent. In 1862 he enlisted in a company of volunteers under Captain Bovven, and in September of 1862 the company was changed to Company K, Sixteenth Missouri Regiment; he served with that regi- ment till the battle of Helena, Arkansas, in July, 1863, when he was cap- tured by the Federals and held a prisoner at Alton, Illinois, till exchanged near Richmond, Virginia, in February, 1865. He then obtained a fur- lough, and while in Arkansas peace was declared, and in May, 1865, he returned home. Mr. B. was united in marriage January 3, 1856, with Miss Elizabeth Adkins, a daughter of John W. Adkins. They have fi\e children living: Nancy A., William F., Lucy E., Sallie E. and John N. Mr. B. is a member of the Masonic order. He held the office of justice of the peace of Clinton Township for one year, having then resigned the position. JAMES BRANNUM, proprietor of Tebo Mills, was born in St. Clair County, Illinois, August I2th, 1833, and was the son of William J. Brannum, a native of South Carolina, who came to Illinois in 183 1. He married Miss Sarah Power, who was born in Wayne County-, Missouri. James was reared on a farm in his native county, and received a good common school education. When seventeen years of age he began the milling trade with his father, who was then in that business, and continued it for five years. Subse- quently he became interested in merchandising at Fayetteville, Illinois, where he remained for three and one-half years, then (1864) removing to Nashville, Illinois, where he conducted a general store under the firm name of Brannum & Elhannon. They did business together till 1868, and Mr. B. closing out his interests there came to Clinton, Missouri, and with Mr. Rehl as a partner, built a portion of his present mill. This partnership existed till 1879, when Mr. B. purchased Mr. Rehl's interest in the mill and has since managed the same. In 1878 he engaged in the dr}^ goods business, the firm being Brannum & Son, and in 1879 disposed of it to J. M. Weidemeyer. They same year, 1879, ^^ commenced buy- 502 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ing grain, and has continued it when the seasons warrant him in so doing. He was one of the directors of the Henry County Bank, at the time of its organization, and in October, 1881, he was elected president, which position he now holds. He was united in marriage June 8th, 1854, with Miss Mary A. D. Pulliam, by which union he has one child, Jeffer- son D. Mrs. B. died May 9th, 1862. He was. again married May 7th, 1863, to Miss Elizabeth Land, a native of Illinois. They have two chil- dren, James W. and Henry L. He was a member of the school board from 1875 to 1878, and in 1882 he was re-elected a member of the board. He belongs to the Masonic order, and he and his wife are connected with the M. E. Church. J. H. BRITTS, M D The subject of this sketch came from a long and honorable line of ancestry. The sketch of his father. Dr. George Britts, a prominent physician of Henry County, appears elsewhere in this work. The maiden name of his mother was Mary Jane Rogers. The former was a native of Virginia, born September 4, i8i2,.and the latter was born in Win- chester, Kentucky, November 27, 1820. Their marriage occurred December 10, 1835, at Montgomery County, Indiana. John Henry, their oldest child, was born November i, 1836, and was named for his grand- father. In 184? the famil}' emigrated to Henry County, Missouri, and settled at first in Calhoun and lived there until the summer of 1843, then coming into Clinton . Here young John attended his first school, taught by a preacher named Turner in a house on the south side of Franklin Street and a short distance from the square, opposite \V. Bozarth's black- smith shop. At this time there was no school building and but few dwellings in Clinton, the open prairie coming up to the south side of the square and it was no unusual thing to see a drove of wild deer pass |; within sight of the court house. In 1843 the family returned to Indiana. It will be remembered that this was the year of the great overflow, and the journey from Missouri, as usual, was begun overland, but the high water rendered it impracticable, and a steamboat was taken at Roche- port, Missouri, for Evansville, Indiana. At the latter place whilst making the landing, young Britts reaped the reward of having learned to swim. Falling overboard, unobserved, he was enabled to get ashore unaided and alone, though much to his disgust in having spoiled a pair of new shoes purchased for him in St. Louis. After his return to his native state he spent the remainder of his boyhood days in attending the public schools of the state, working on the farm and in the shop in the interval between school terms. His father not considering himself able to send him to college, he was com- pelled to make the best use possible of the means within his reach. When nineteen years old he taught one term of a public school near BIOGRAPHICAL. 503 Ladoga. Having already commenced the study of medicine with his grandfather, Dr. Henrj' Rogers, all his available spare time was given to this. In the year of 1857, with his father's family, he again emigrated to Missouri, and continued the study of medicine with his uncle, Dr. John A. Rogers, at Clinton, and in the winter of 1857-8 attended a course of lectures at St. Louis Medical College, and the following year, 1859, set up for himself at Austin, Cass County, Missouri, where two years of hard work were sacrificed, except the experience thus brought by the event that followed. The war broke out with all the fury that characterized it on the bor- der. There was no middle ground for any person at all prominent, and he at once set about organizing a company for state service for six months enlistment and was commissioned captain by Governor C. F. Jackson, his company being Company B, of Edgar V. Hurst's Regiment, Captain Frank Cockrell commanding Company A in the same regiment. This regiment was in General Rain's Division, Missouri State Guards, and took part in the engagements at Carthage, Wilson Creek and Lex- ington. The six months term of service expiring, in connection with Colonel Hurst he at once commenced to recruit a new command in Cass and Bates Counties, with headquarters on Cove Creek. While on a visit from this point to his home Col. Hurst was captured by some Kansas troops and killed. Dr. Britts at once proceeded with part of his com- mand, mostly them that were with him in the state service, to Spring- field, Missouri, where, on the loth day of February, 1862, a company of fifty- three men were organized for the Confederate army and he was chosen captain by acclamation; Philip W. Fulkerson was elected first lieutenant; Robert Rennick, second lieutenant; and Aaron Patton, third lieutenant; John Hamilton was appointed orderly. This company remained a part of Waldo P. Johnson's Battalion till 4th day of April, 1862, when the Fourth Regiment of Infantry was organ- ized, McFarlane, colonel, and Waldo P. Johnson, lieutenant colonel, when Dr . Britts was offered the place of major, or that of surgeon . He chose the latter on account of the advantages it would offer in the line of his chosen profession, and from this on he in that capacity followed the for- tunes of his regiment, afterwards consolidated with the First Missouri Infantry, Amos Riley, colonel, through many bloody engagements east of the Mississippi River, up to the siege of Vicksburg. There he was promoted to brigade suigeon, which position he only filled a few days, till he was severely wounded on the night of the 9th of June, 1863, at the city hospital, whilst in the line of duty. A 15-inch shell from the Porter Mortar Fleet came through the building and exploded in the room occu- pied by the hospital staff. As it happened at the time, none were in the room except himself and a Dr. Taylor, who escaped unhurt through the door before the explosion. Dr. Britts, who v/as held down for a time b}- the 504 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. lath and plaster torn loose from the ceiling, was not so fortunate, and did not escape in time. He lost his right leg, and was otherwise severely- wounded in the lungs and left knee, and crushed by the explosion so that it seemed incredible that any one could escape alive. But a splendid constitution and the kind care of his comrades brought him through, so that he was enabled to again return to duty as hospital surgeon at Mont- gomery, Alabama, the iSth of November following, and finally surrend- ered with the last of the Confederates at Atlanta, Georgia, May 13, 1865. Early in August of the same year, 1865, he returned to Clinton, Mis- souri, coming by way of Mobile, New Orleans and St. Louis, and resumed the practice of medicine and surgery in co-partnership with Dr. P. S. Jen- nings, which firm has continued up to the present time. In 1866 he received a diploma and adeundem degree from the Missouri Medical Col- lege. As a surgeon Dr. Britts enjoys a good reputation. In the war he was a bold operator and an efficient officer; was noted for his mechanical skill in adopting the limited means within his reach to the requirements of his patients; would cut unsparingly when necessary, but was always conservative in the practice of his profession, and was the means of sav- ing many a wounded soldier his limbs, which others less conservative might have sacrificed. As soon after his return to Clinton as he could establish himself in practice he married on the ist day of November, 1865, Miss Annie E. F. Lewis, daughter of Robert Lewis. Mrs. Britts was born June 18, 1839, i" St. Louis County. Missouri, her grandparents having settled in Bonhomme Bottom as early as 181 1. Her family is related to familiar names in the early history of Missouri, many of which were among the first settlers of the Mississippi Valley, as the Bacons, Longs, Bates and Woodsons. Their union has been blessed with six children, all girls, five of whom are living: Mary Britts, born September 5, 1866; Lucy Britts, born November i, 1867, died May 30, 1872, Eugene Salmon Britts, born Sep- tember 18, 1870; Louisa Lewis Britts, born June 6, 1875; Annie Alice Britts, born September 15, 1876, and Edith Scott Britts, born September 13, 1878. In politics Dr. Britts is a Democrat; since his enfranchisement in 1872, he has been an active worker for the success of his party, though never an aspirant for any office till the present year, 1882, when he received the Democratic nomination for the office of state senator. Six- teeth District, composed of the counties of Bates, Cass and Henry. There were three candidates: Judge J. N. Ballard, of Bates; Mr. Charles W. Sloan, of Cass, and Dr. John H. Britts, of Henry. Each county had five delegates and cast the Hancock vote of 1880, for their choice: Bates, 2,929; Cass, 2,769; Henry, 2848. The convention was held at the city of Butler, August i, 1882, and after a contest of three days and 375 ballots cast and no choice, Mr. Charles Sloan, of Cass .County, withdrew, and on the 577th ballot, Dr. Britts was nominated, and at the following elec- BIOGRAPHICAL. $0$ tion in November defeated his opponent, a Republican, Mr. H. J. Doolay, 3,129 votes, and took his seat in the Thirty-Second General Assembly, at Jefferson City, January 3, 1883. JOHN H. BROWN. The subject of this sketch is a native of New Hampshire, and was born August 18, 1821. At the age of six years he was taken by his parents to Franklin County, Massachusetts, and after two years to Berk- shire County, where they remained till 1833. Then they removed to Hoosac Falls, New York, and two years later went to Cohoes Falls, here residing till 1839. After living in Columbus, Ohio, till 1845, they set- tled in Logan County, Ohio. John had followed from boyhood the car- penter's trade, and at the age of twenty he began contracting and building. In 1857 he left Logan County, Ohio, and removed to Kansas, and in 1858 (May) he came to Henry County, Missouri, where he at once engaged in contracting and building. In the spring of 1862 he went to Edgar County, Illinois, but in 1866 returned to Clinton, Mis- souri, and was a prominent contractor here till 1872. Since that year he has followed the same business through different parts of Texas. In 1881 he built and managed the Lindsay House, at Gainsville, Texas, and also managed at that time the Laclede Hotel, of that city, closing it out after one year. From that time on he has been proprietor of the Buck- ley House, at Sherman, Texas. Mr. Brown was united in marriage October 7, 1845, to Miss Lucinda Weaver, of Ohio. They reared one child, Estella. Mrs. B. died in June, 1854. He was again married in November, 1857, to Miss Jane Boyd, a native of Licking County, Ohio. They have three children: Hattie, Jennie and Jesse, and an adopted daughter, Ida M. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity and also belongs to the Christian Church. WILLIAM B. CALVIRD, assistant cashier of the Henry County Bank, is a native of Franklin County, Missouri, and was born November 18, 1843, being the son of Thomas Calvird, a Kentuckian by birth, who was married in that state to Mrs. Elizabeth Brown, whose maiden name was Peters, and a native of Virginia. They reared seven children, of whom William is the eldest. In 1850, the family having lived in Franklin County some years, returned to Daviess County, Kentucky, where they resided for four years, subse- quently moving to St. Clair County, Missouri. There our subject was brought up, residing in the locality till 1862, when he went to Pettis County. He was there engaged in various branches of trade, and in 1870 he came to Clinton and embarked in the hotel business which he 506 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. continued until he was appointed deputy sheriff of Henry County, in 1873. After serving three years as such he was elected sheriff of the county in 1876, and after one term was re-elected and served till Janu- ary, 1 88 1. From that time he was occupied in clerical work in the recorder's office till December 10, 1881, when he became bookkeeper and assistant cashier of the Henry Count}- Bank. This office he now holds. Mr. Calvird was married April 27, 1867, to Miss Sarah J, Pol- lard, a native of this state. They have one child, John H. Mr. C. is a member of the I. O. O. F, fraternity and has held all the offices within the subordinate lodge. WILLIAM H. CARPENTER, of the firm of Carpenter & Kratz, lumbermen, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June 9, 1837. When eight years of age he was taken by the family to Center County, Pennsylvania, and was there reared. When fourteen years old he was apprenticed to his uncle, John Harris, and with him learned the tanner's trade, at which he worked three years. Return- ing to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, he attended school, and was a student at the breaking out of the war. In 1861, he enlisted in the first three month's call, and after that term had expired, re-enlisted as a private in Company D, Ninety-First Pennsylvania Regiment. He arose from the ranks, and when mustered out at the close of the war, held the commis- sion of captain of his company. After the disbandment of the troops he held a position in the quartermaster's department. After that depart- ment ceased its work, he went to St. Louis, Missouri, where he arrived in the spring of 1867. There he resided till 1870, then came to Clinton, Missouri, and managed a lumber yard for Andrew & McElvain, till 1873. Purchasing the business of his former employers, he continued it alone till March, 1878, when the firm became Carpenter & Raymond. This partnership existed till March, 1879, they disposing of the business to S. A. Brown & Co., who retained the services of Mr. Carpenter, as their manager, till January 1883, when with Mr. Kratz, he bought the interest of Brown & Co. Mr. C. was united in marriage February 2, 1868, to Miss Ester Malvin, a native of Missouri, they have three children: Wil- liam H., Jr., Jennie E. and Anna L. He is a member of the Masonic fra- ternity and also of the Knights of Pythias. JAMES A. CARLISLE, coal merchant and proprietor of Bridges' Coal Mine, came originally from Frederick County, Maryland, where he was born February 14, 1830. He was there reared to manhood and received his education, and in 1847 he began learning the carpenter's trade, at which he was engaged until BIOGRAPHICAL. 507 1853. In that year he removed to Berkeley County, Virginia, and in 1865, to Wayne County, Indiana, there residing till April, 1869. He then came to Johnson County, Missouri, and in May, 1869, to Clinton, where he commenced work at his trade. In 1873, he started in the lum- ber business, the firm being Aurand & Carlisle, which he continued till 1879, then disposing of his interest to his partner. Finally he gave his attention to farming. In February, 1869, he purchased the property known as Bridges' Coal Bank, and upon it he has developed a thirty-six inch vein of fine coal. He also owns 700 acres around his mine, most of which is coal land, but is also fine farming land, for which purpose he now uses it. It is located in the southwest portion of Clinton Township. Mr. Carlisle was united in marriage March 16, 1852, to Miss Mary E. Houser, a native of Maryland. They have three children living: Fan- nie M., Sallie R. (twins), and Mollie L. In 1861, Mr. C. enlisted in Company G, Seventh Virginia Cavalry, and was a participant in many of the hard fought battles in Virginia. He served till parolled, April 12^ 1865. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. HENRY S. CHAPPELIER, dealer in boots and shoes, is a native of Muskingum County, Ohio, and was born February i, 1841. At the age of ten years his father's family removed to Platte County, Missouri, where he was reared and educated. In 1861 he went to Clinton, Illinois, and there enlisted in 1862, in Com- pany E, Sixty-eighth Illinois Regiment, serving in that company for four months. Returning to Clinton he enlisted in Company D, Seven- teenth Illinois Regiment, and remained in action till mustered out as first lieutenant of that company in 1865. After his discharge he went back to Clinton, and resided there until 1870, when, upon going to Farmer City, Illinois, he was engaged in the boot and shoe business until August, 1 88 1. At this time he came to Clinton, Missouri, and established his present business. He has a fine and complete stock of goods and is doing a satisfactory business. Mr. Chappelier wes married September 14, 1869, to Miss Clara E. Evans, of Bloomington, Illinois. They have three children: Louis S., Clarence E., and Alice L. Mr. C, is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and is a Knight Templar. SILAS E. CHEEK, dealer in real estate and loan agent, etc., was born in Mason County, Illinois, August 6, 1854. He was reared to manhood and was educated in his native county, spending his youthful days in the occupations of farming and clerking. In 1871 he emigrated to Merrick County, Nebraska, where he was engaged in farming for one year, but after that 508 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. time he returned east and settled in Clinton, Missouri. For two years he pursued a course of study under C. C. Dickinson, and then till 1875, was interested in clerking. Going west again to Tyler, Texas, he resided there one year, but then retraced his steps to Clinton, Missouri, embarking in the real estate and loan business. Mr. Cheek, was mar- ried November 9, i88i,to Miss Bettie P. Karsner, a native of Kentucky. Mr. C. is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and also of the Knights of P}'thias. He is one of the directors of the Henry County Bank. WILLIAM H. COCK, of the firm of VV. H. Cock & Co., extensive dealers in dry goods, cloth- ing, boots, shoes, carpets, etc., is a native of Rutherford County, Ten- nessee, and was born in Murfeesborough, July 9, 1829. His parents, Archibald and Mary (Bradley) Cock, were also born in that state and were there married in 1820. They reared thirteen children. The mother died in August, 1859, and the father is now living in this county. William resided at his birthplace till nine years of age, when the family removed to Christian County, Kentucky, there residing till T839. In that year they settled in Benton County, Missouri, and in 1848 went to Quincy, Hickor}^ County, where our subject was engaged as clerk in a general store, with A. Trippett. A short time afterward he took a stock of goods which he managed for Mr. T., at Hermitage, Missouri, they doing business at that point till 185 1, when they removed the goods to Osceola, St. Clair County, Missouri, where he remained till 1853, and then became a partner with Mr. Trippett, in a store at Howard's Mills, Missouri. In 1856 he came to Clinton, Missouri, and resumed his busi- ' ness, continuing it till the commencement of the war. in 1861. Then he retired from active business life. In 1866 he again engaged in the dry goods trade, the firm being then known as W. H. Cock & Co., and they carried it on successfully till 1869, when Mr. Cock embarked in farming, at which he is still largely interested. In 1871, he, with others, organ- ized what is now the First National Bank of this city, and was its first president, holding this position till 1875, when he resigned. For about ' one year he gave his attention to the live stock commission business, at St. Louis, Missouri. In 1876 he returned to Clinton, and buying a stock of goods, again commenced selling dry goods. In 1878 the firm became W. H. Cock & Co., and they now carry a large stock of goods and are one of the most solid houses of Clinton. Mr. C. was married July 21, 1853, to Miss Eliza L. Hancock, of this state. They have three children: Jessie', Arthur and Daisey. Mr. C. was a member of the legislature from this county in 1878. In 1872 he was collector of Henry County, serving in that official capacity for one year. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and he and his wife belong to the Christian Church. BIOGRAPHICAL. 509 WILLIAM A. DAVIDSON, M. D., a native of Jefferson City, Missouri, was born October 11, 1850. His father, A. M. Davidson, was an early pioneer of that city, settling there in 1834. He was a Virginian by birth and was married in that state to the mother of our subject. Miss Matilda Hite, a daughter of Major Hite, of the Shenandoah Valley. They reared six children. Mrs. D.'s death occurred in October, 1854. William was then sent to his uncle, J. S. Davidson, at Frederick, Virginia, with whom he remained till eight years old. Returning to his father, who then resided in Saline County, Missouri, he stayed with him, attending school till fifteen years of age, after which he went to Collinsville, Illinois, and clerked in a drug store with Dr. A. M. Rowell. Here he continued to stop till 1866, and during that time was a student of medicine under the doctor. In 1866 he again returned to Saline County, Missouri, and for a term of six months attended Pritchett Institute at Glasgow. In 1867 he retraced his steps to Illinois and engaged with his brother in the drug business, and in the meantime studied his profession for one and a half years. In 1869 he once more took up his location at Jefferson City, making his home there for six months. In 1870-1 he attended a course of lectures at the St. Louis Medical College of St. Louis. In the fall of 1871 he came to Clin- ton, Missouri, and was occupied in practice here till the fall of 1872, when he again attended during 1872-3 the St. Louis Medical College. Graduating at the expiration of that term, he then returned to Virginia, where he visited till January, 1874. He subsequently lived in Jefferson City for six months; then came to Clinton, Missouri, and resumed the practice of medicine. In the spring of 1877 he went to Johnston, Mis- souri, where he practiced till the spring of 1881, when he once more made this city his home Here he now enjoys a lucrative practice. Dr. Davidson was married September 15, 1873, to Miss Anna N. Kimbrough, a daughter of J. S. Kimbrough, of Clinton. The doctor is a member of the Masonic order. In 1876 he held the office of county coroner. JOHN H. DOANE, of the firm of Brannum & Doane, grain dealers, is a native of Penob- scot, Count)^ Maine, and was born April 21, 1835. He resided on a farm in the county of his birth until reaching manhood, and there received a good common school education. When about twenty-one years of age he went to Hennepin County, Minnesota, and engaged in the lumber business at Minneapolis, at which point he remained for four years. Returning east, for eighteen months he resided in Boston, Mas- sachusetts. In September, 1869, he came to Henry County, Missouri, and for one year was occupied in the handling of lightning rods. After 510 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. this time he resumed farming and successfully followed it till the fall of 1879, '^vhen he embarked in the grain business, which he has continued more or less since. In the fall of 1882 the firm of Brannum & Doane built the elevator where they now do such an enterprising business. Mr. Doane has a fine farm in this county of 160 acres, well improved. He was married in June, 1858, to Miss Sarah A. Turner, a native also of Maine. They have two children: Charles H. and Lola. He was once alderman of Clinton, and also for one term township assessor. J. G. DORMAN was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, July 17, 1818. His father, Mat- thew Dorman, was born on the eastern shore of Maryland, and is of Scotch ancestry. He was Hy occupation a farmer. His mother's maiden name was Atlanta Barnes, a native of Virginia. The subject of this sketch was principally reared in Gallatin County, Kentucky, and his early education was obtained at the primitive log school house, a dis- tance of three miles from his father's dwelling. The monotony of his daily duties on the farm became irksome and in a desire for a change he quit farming, and for several years " ran " the western rivers. In Feb- ruary, 1849, ^^ started from Quincy, Illmois, for the Pacific Coast by water; he was wrecked in the Caribbean Sea and driven into the port of Balize, Honduras. Resuming his journey he finally arrived on the coast of California, remaining for a short time and then returned to his home in Quincy. In 1852 he was married to Mrs. Udolpha F, Eagle, whose maiden name was Miller. By this union there are six children: Charles D., William H., George H., Oscar, Emma K. and Ollie V. Mrs. Dor- man has one son by a former marriage, J. E. Eagle, associated with Mr. Dorman in selling goods at Montrose. In 1855 Mr. D. removed to Henry County and engaged in mercantile pursuits and at one time his house was the only business house of any importance in the county. In i860 he was elected one of the county judges. In 1872 he was called upon by the Democracy of the county to accept the nomination for the position of member of the lower house of the twenty-seventh general assembly, which nomination he accepted and was subsequently elected by a large majority. As a member of the legislature he was industrious in the interests of his constituents; closely attentive to all business before the house and prompt in his attendance; jealous of the interest of the peo- ple in the expenditure of the public funds and honest in the discharge of every duty. He was one of the organizers of the First National Bank and for a time held the position of president. In politics he is a Demo- crat and is radical in his enforcements of the Jeffersonian test for office. Is he honest .'' Is he capable .'* He is a man of liberal views and sound judgment. BIOGRAPHICAL. 51I JOHN A. DRIGGS, owes his nativity to Monroe County, Ohio, where he was born January 28, 1843. He was there reared and educated, following in his youth the occupation of farming, at which he was engaged at the commencement of the war. He then enlisted, in 1861, in Company E, Sixty-second Ohio Regiment, and served till the battle of Fair Oaks, Virginia, where he was wounded in one of the lower limbs, which maimed him for life. From that time till he was discharged, June, 1865, he was in the hospital at Fort Monroe and Camp Dennison, Ohio, receiving his discharge from the latter place. In 1865, he returned home, and was occupied in mer- chandising at Ozark, Ohio, till 1869. In May of that year he came to Clinton, and in 1870 was elected circuit clerk, serving for four years in a very acceptable manner. Then for one year he was interested in the insurance business, after which he embarked in the furniture trade, con- tinuing it till 18S0. Mr. D. was married October 16, 1873, to Miss Estella Brown, a native of Ohio. They have one child, Eva M. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W. fraternities, and also of the K. of P. He an i his wife belong to the M. E. Church. In 1874, Mr. Driggs was a member of the city council of Clinton. DANIEL S. DUDEN, dealer in groceries, queensvvare, boots, shoes and tinware, was born in Licking County, Ohio, January 10, 1840. He was reared and educated in his native county, and his father being a blacksmith by trade, the son was brought up in that occupation and followed it till the breaking out of the war. Then he enlisted in 1861 in Company E, Twentieth Ohio Infantry Regiment, and after two and a half years of hard service with that regiment he was discharged, but re-enlisted as a veteran in Com- pany A, Fifth Regiment Heavy Artillery, and held the commission of second lieutenant. He was mustered out May 20, 1866, as captain of the company, having been a participant in many engagements, among them^ those of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Middlesburg (Virginia), Vicks- burg and Champion's Hill. Three wounds were received by him at dif- ferent times during his service, in the neck, in the hip and the fleshy portion of the leg. At the close of the war he came to Henry County, Missouri, and was engaged in farming and stock dealing till 1870, and from then to 1874 he was occupied in various branches of business. In the spring of 1874 he commenced the grocery business, in which he is still engaged. Mr. Duden was united in marriage December 4, 1864, to Miss Helen J. Drum, a native of New York. They had three children: Flavia L., Grant and Bessie M. ' Mrs. D.'s death occurred April 4, 1875. He was again married July 18, 1876, to- Miss Lucy A. Browning, of Illi- 512 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. nois. They have three children: Susan G., George B. and Lucy E. Mr. D. is a member of the present town board of aldermen. He belongs to the K. of P. order. NATHANIEL H. DUFF, brick manufacturer and contractor and builder, was born in Washington Count}', Virginia, February 25th, 1843. He was reared on a farm, receiving his education from the schools of that county, and in 1858 he began the trade of brick laying, at which he was engaged at Taylorville, Tennessee, at the commencement of the war. In July, 1861, he enlisted in company H, Thirty-seventh Virginia Regiment, and served till the close of the war, then returning home. After a short visit he went to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, remained six months, and soon located in Clay County, Illinois, where he was occupied in working at his trade for one year. Moving to Sedalia, 'Missouri, he resided there till June, 1868, at which time he came to Clinton, and here he has since been a promi- nent contractor in brick work, besides being largely interested in the manufacture of brick. Mr. Duff was married November 3d, 1870, to Miss Lulu Messick, a native of Kentucky. They have three children, Alice, Lillie and an infant. Mr. D. is a member of the I. O. O. F. fra- ternity of Clinton. JAMES DUNCAN, a member of the firm of Duncan & Blatt, liverymen, is a native of Clinton County, Illinois, where he was born July 22, 1837. He there passed his youth till thirteen years old, when the family removed to St. Clair County, Illinois, where he was reared to manhood. He has made the stock busi- ness his occupation through life, especially horse and mule trading. In the fall of 1865 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and was engaged in farming till 1876, when with E. Curtis he embarked in the livery busi- ness. Mr. C. remained a partner in the concern for two years, and after Mr. Duncan had conducted the stable alone a short time, the firm became Duncan & Curtis, (J. Curtis) which partnership existed for one year. Blatt & Homeyer then bought Mr. Curtis' interest in the firm, and they were together for six months when Mr. D. retired. After that time till February, 1881, he was for a while in and out of the livery business with different men. and part of that period was occupied in buying hogs. In February, 1882, he purchased the stock of Stevenson's livery stable, which he operated alone till Mr. Blatt became associated with him in Novem- ber, 1882. They now do a fine business, and as they make a specialty of having conveyances suitable for commercial men, are having the greater part of the business in that line here. BIOGRAPHICAL. 513 WILLIAM C. EDMONSTON, owes his nativity to McDonough County, Illinois, where he was born August II, 1839. His father, William Edmonston, was a North Caroli- nian by birth, and removed to Indiana at an early day, and was also an old settler of Illinois, having gone to that state from Indiana. The mother of our subject, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Royce, was born in Indiana, and was there reared and married. The former was a member of the Illinois Legislature from McDonough County, from 1830 to 1840. His death occurred in Cooper County, Missouri, October 18, 1871, and his widow died February 22, 1876. In 1845, William C. with his parents emigrated to Reynolds County, Missouri, where he remained till 1853, then moving to Bates County. He lived on a farm there till 1861, and then enlisted in Company D, of Colonel Peyton's Regiment Missouri Cavalry, and served ti.U paroled at Shreveport, Louisiana, June 7, 1865. Returning to Missouri he settled in Clinton, and was engaged in the mercantile business as clerk for two years. He then located at Warrensburg, Missouri, and after six months of business life there, again came to Clinton, for the tollowing six months being book keeper in Sal- mon & Salmon's Bank. After this time he gave his attention to farming till 1872, when he embarked in the stock and grain trade in Clinton. In this he was interested until elected circuit clerk in 1874, which office he filled most acceptably till 1879, ^^^ during 1878-80, he was county asses- sor of the county. Mr. Edmonston was united in marriage August 17, 1871, with Miss Anna A. Elliston, a Kentuckan by birth. The}' have three children: Eugene L., Mary E. and Kate. HERMAN P. FARRIS, of the firm of Brinkerhoff & Farris, real estate dealers, abstract of title and loan agents, owes his nativity to Logan County, Ohio, where he was born December 25th, 1858. When nine months old he was taken by the family to Douglass County, Kansas, where they resided till 1S67, then coming to Henry County, Missouri. Herman was here reared and educated. In 1872 he began learning the printing trade in the office of the Northwestern Enterprise, and after working one year there at the case he entered the land office of Brinkerhoff & Smith. He was emploj-ed as clerk in that office till xA,pril, 1878, and then for about one year he was occupied in various branches of business in Colorado and southwest Kansas. Returning here in 1879 ^^ resumed his old position and continued there till May, 1882, when he became associated with Mr. Brinkerhoff, and now has the entire management of their office at Clinton. Mr. Farris was married April 26th, 1S80, to Miss Adda Win- ters, a daughter of Hon. J. R. Winters, formerl}- of Hannibal, Missouri. 33 514 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. They have one child, Sarah O. Mr. and Mrs. F. are members of the Presbyterian Church. ALEXANDER P. FERGUSON, boot and shoe maker. The subject of this sketch is a native of Erie County, New York, and was born August 6, 1828. He there grew up to learn the occupation of farming, and at fifteen years of age engaged at the trade of shoe making which he has made his lifelong business. In September, 1849, he went to Cincinnati, and from that time until 1868 he worked at his chosen calling in various places, among which are Louisville and Lexington, Kentucky, LidianapoHs, Indiana, Georgetown, Blue Lick Springs and Frankfort, Kentucky, and LaFayette, Indiana; then he returned to Frankfort and subsequently located again in LaFay- ette, where he resided until 1858, with the exception of short intervals spent in Holly Springs and Oxford, Mississippi. Removing to Mid- dlesport, Illinois, he remained until October, 1866, thence to Jerseyville and later to Whitehall, Illinois, and in May, 1868, he came to Clinton, Missouri, and has since been a resident of the city. Mr. Ferguson was married August 10, 185 1, to Miss Martha Warts, whose death occurred April 24, 1852. He was again married August 26, 1858, to Miss Ada- line Buchannon. By this union there are two children living : Ida E. and Alexander G. This wife died October 9, 1880. Mr. F. is a member of the Masonic order and also of the I. O. O. F. ALBERT P. FROWEIN, cashier of the Henry County Bank, was born in the Rhein Province, Ger- many, March 14, 1837. His parents, John P. and Anna M. (Winklemann) Frowein, were also natives of Germany, and were there married and are still residents of that country. Albert was reared in his native country till seventeen years of age, when he emigrated to America, landing in New York. There he remained for ten months, after which he moved westward and tor three years was engaged in clerical work in the city of St. Louis, Missouri. In 1858 he went to Warrensburg, Missouri, and was a prominent merchant of that city till 1866, when he came to Clin- ton, and with his brother embarked in the dry goods business. To this industry he devoted his time until April, 1881, and then with others organized the Henry County Bank, he being elected their first president. He has since been prominently identified with that institution, but still retains his interest in the firm of Frowein Bros. Mr. F. was married in 1863 to Miss Augusta J. Muller, of Missouri. They have three children: Arnold P., Eugene C. and Augusta. From 1861 to 1866 Mr. F. was post- master at Warrensburg, Missouri, and from 1874 to 1S78 he was a mem- ber of the school board of this city. He belongs to the Masonic order and is also connected with the Lutheran Church. BIOGRAPIIICAL. ' 515, ADAM M. FULKERSON, of the drug establishment of Fulkerson & Parks, came originally from Ohio County. Ohio, having been born January 17, 1843. He resided there till 1855, when the family removed to Cass County, Missouri, which was their home till the spring of 1856. Going to Kansas they settled about twenty miles above Osawatomie, but five months later were obliged to leave on account of the border troubles. Returning to Cass County, Missouri, they located two and a half miles west of Dayton, and there Adam spent his time in farming, till the breaking out of the war. He enlisted in June, 1861, in Company E, of Hurst's Regiment, and served with that company till January, 1S62, when he joined Company E, Fourth Missouri Infantry. After the second battle of Corinth, Mis- sissippi, he was transferred to Company E, First Missouri Regiment, and served till the surrender of Vicksburg, when he was paroled. On his way north he was captured by General Steele, and held a prisoner at Alton, Illinois, till peace was declared. As soon as released he went to Kentucky, and there remained till September, 1866, when he came to Clinton and engaged in the drug business. In April, 1869, he with Mr. Ben- jamin established a drug house, and the firm continued as Fulkerson & Benjamin till August, 1869, when it became Fulkerson & Allen. In Janu- ary, 1873, was again changed, this time to Fulkerson & Parks. They carry a varied and complete line of goods, and are doing a remunerative busi- ness. Mr. F. was married November 24, 186S, to Miss Allie Parks, a daughter of Judge Parks, of Clinton. They have two children living: Henry and Charles. Mr. F. is a member of the Masonic order and also belong to the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. CHARLES GEBHERDT, stone mason and contractor of stone work, is a native of Germany, and was born February 7, 1843. He grew to manhood and was educated in his native country. His father being a stone mason by trade, Charles was also brought up to the same occupation under the instruction of the senior Gebherdt. In December, 1866, he emigrated to America, and finally settled in Mt. Vernon, Indiana, where he was engaged in stone masoning till June, 186S. He then came to Clinton, Missourie harness trade with William Hoppe, remaining with that gentleman till September, 1872. He followed the same trade with dif- ferent firms in the city till October, 1877. In the spring of 1878 he went to Waterloo, Iowa; resided there till October of that year; then returned here and in December, 1878, embarked in his present business. Mr. Woods was married October 17, 1870, to Miss Maggie Flanaghan, a native of Virginia. They have one child, Kate. In 1877 he held the office of clerk of Clinton Township. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. ■ MELVIN L. ZENER, of the firm of Zener & Montgomery, druggists, was born in Vermillion County, Indiana, December 29, 1843. He was educated in his native county, and spent his boyhood days on a farm, remaining engaged in farming and saw milling till 1865. He then began learning the drug busi- ness at Terre Haute, Indiana, continued it for two years and subse- quently occupied his time in different ways till 1871, when he came to Missouri, embarking in the drug trade at Brownsville. In this city he did business till 1874, then established a drug store in Humansville, Polk County, which he conducted till 1877. Coming to Clinton he started in his present business, and was alone till 1880, when H. Mont- gomery became a member of the firm. Mr. Zener was united in mar- riage October 8, 1872, to Miss Ann E. Cormack, a native of Indiana. They have three children, Mary E., Myrtle E. and Herbert. Mr. Z. is a member of Clinton Lodge No. 481, A. F. and A. M., Delphian Lodge No. 34, I. O. O. F., and also of the Knights of Pythias. He and his wife belong; to the M. E. Church. WINDSOR TOWNSHIP. JOHN BAKER, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Anderson County, Tennessee, in February. 1811. His father, Christopher Baker, was born in 1799, in North Carolina, and married Miss Sally Kelly, who was born in 1802, in Virginia. They were married in 1820, in East Tennessee, and by this union had seven children, of whom John is the only surviving child. His 554 IlISTOKV OF HEXRV COUNTY. mother died in Tennessee after havang suffered intensely for fifteen years, and her husband died from the effects of a fall not long before the civil war. The subject of this sketch was married August 12, 183 1, to Miss Eleanor Graves, of Knox County, Tennessee. To them were born eight daughters and four sons: Polly Ann (who married Adolph Pulaski, of Henry County, Missouri, and now a resident of Windsor); Louisa (who married Henry Pulaski, of Henry County); W^illiam Kelsaw (died in 185 i); Sopha Jane fwife of John Carman, of Benton County, Missouri); Christopher A. (who married Miss Mary Hart, of Benton Count}-; they have three daughters living; he is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church); John Jefferson (who married Miss Harriet Hunt, of Henry County); Harriet (now Mrs. Jacob Wright, of Bates County); Nancy F. (wife of William Allen, of Benton County); Sarah (who married Isaiah Swisher, of Pettis County), and Missouri (who married James Swisher, of this county. Mr. Baker emigrated from Tennessee to Henry County, Missouri, in 1835, entering at first 160 acres of land, and later 80 acres more. He then bought 160 acres, to which he soon added 100 acres, and subsequently he purchased another 40 acres. He and his son Christo- pher own jointly 200 acres on section 12. They are both Republicans politically. DR. JAMES K. BARBER, farmer and stockraiser was born in Montour County, Pennsylvania, June I 20, 1836, and was the son of Thomas and Mar)' (Henderson) Barber, both of whom were natives of Columbia County, Pennsylvania, where they also died. They were married in 1821, and by this union had eight children, of whom six are living — three sons and three daughters. For three years James K. Barber was a student at the McCowansville Academy, of Pennsylvania, his preceptor being S. S. Shadelin. Subse quently he entered the medical college of Jefferson, same state, the faculty being composed of R. M. Huston, professor of materia medica. Professor Charles Meigs, of obstetrics; Professor Thomas Mutter, of sur- gery; Professor J. Paneost, of anatomy; Professor Rolby Dungleson, of physiology, and Professor Charles Bache, ot chemistry. He graduated in 1849, ^"<^ in 185 1, commenced practicing at Mansfield, Ohio. His 5-ounger brother, Daniel A. Barber was born in April 15, 1838, in Colum- bia County, Pennsylvania. He received a good common education and supplemented this with one year's attendance at the institution known as the Jersey Shore Academy. Upon leaving their native state these brothers emigrated first to Illinois, coming thence to Henry County, Missouri, about the year 1869, and for fourteen years they have been recognized as among the foremost men of the community. They jointly own 970 acres of land, well adapted to grazing and stock purposes, and their average product of corn, 120 acres, is fed to a large drove of cattle. • BIOGRAPHICAL. 555 They handle hogs and Cotswold sheep extensively, and are acknowledged leaders in the stock industry here. Their farm is undulating, well watered, and the buildings upon the place are not to be excelled. Dr- Barber had a lucrative practice in Mansfield, Ohio, and for fifteen years was a skilled practitioner of decided ability, but since residing in this county. ha5i found but little time to follow this profession, his attention being devoted to his landed property. In politics he is Republican. Daniel A. Barber was married October lO, 1870, to Miss Sarah E. Mar- tin of Henr}' County. They have one child, a son. In his political preferences he is democratic. EDWIN BASS, deceased, was born in Boone County, Missouri, February 23, 1827. His father, Lawrence Bass, originally from Baltimore, Maryland, moved to Tennessee and then to Boone County, Missouri. His mother was for- merly Nancy Patten, of North Carolina. They were married in Nash- ville, Tennessee. Edwin was the twelfth of a family of ^"hirteen child- ren. After working faithfully on his father's farm until seventeen years of age, and attending school winters, he entered a store in Nashville, Missouri, where he acquired a knowledge of general trade, and after remaining here for three years or more he left and obtained a situation on a Missouri River boat as clerk, which position he held' for one sea- son. He then opened a store in Nashville, but soon sold out, and in the spring of 1850 started a store in Claysville, Boone County. His busi- ness was carried on very successfully until the fall of 1865, when he came to Windsor and before long he was a leading merchant and one of the most respected citizens here. He married Miss Mary Jane Spencei in January, 1856. She was the daughter of Perry Spencer, of Boone County, who was born in Maryland. Her mother's maiden name was Eliza Jane Wiseman, daughter of James Wiseman, of Virginia. She died in 1845. Edwin Bass, the subject of this sketch, died at his home October 15, 1882. Politically he was a Democrat, and an examplary member of the M. E. Church, south. In 1865, upon removing his family to Windsor, he purchased the hotel property, now known as the Bass house, from Samuel Duncan. In the same year he opened a store under the firm name of Bass & Major, on the place where the present brick structure now stands. In 1866 or 1867, he purchased the entire stock and store and in 1868 he sold the stock to Aaron Saunders, who failed, and he was obliged to re-purchase it. In the fall of 1868 he disposed of the stock of goods to the Tryon Brothers, who occupied the house until 1869. During the seasons of 1868-9 ^^ employed much of his time in improving a new farm, two miles east of Windsor, which he owned at the time of his death. In the spring of 1869 he again engaged in the 556 HISTORY OF HENR\' COUNTY. mercantile business, under the firm name of A. J. Bass & Co. A. J. Bass sold his interest eighteen months later, and the new firm was formed by Edwin Bass and J. S. Kelly, Bass & Kelly. Under this new management business prospered, and in 1874 they erected the present two story brick store, 24x70, which is a fine building. Mr Bass was a life long Christian, his membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church, south, commencing from his early boyhood. He was a zealous worker, always active in the local organizations, where he made his home, as church steward and Sunday School superintendent. He contributed liberally to all church work and the spread of the gospel. He was a friend to the poor and bestowed charity upon those in need, and in his death the county lost one of its most esteemed men, and Windsor one of its most valued citizens. Edward Spencer, brother of Mrs. Bass, came to Windsor in 1870, and has since made his home with his sister. He was born in^Boone County in 1825. He learned the car- penter's trade in youth, and has ever done much in the building line. Since coming to this place he has spent much of his time in the store. JAMES HARVEY BASS, stock dealer and proprietor of the Bass House, was born in Howard County, Missouri, in June, 1834. His father, George P. Bass, who was born in Nashville, Tennessee, died in Howard County in 1863. He came to Boone County as an early pioneer and established a tannery, which he carried on for many years. The mother of James, formerly Susanna M. Wiseman and a native of Kentucky, is now living in Boone County. The subject of this sketch was raised on a farm and received a common school education, and learned the plastering trade. He worked some on the farm and at plastering in the fall seasons, and in 1861 he became a member of the Home Guards. Coming to Henry County in 1867, he settled twelve miles west of Windsor on a farm, working the farm and also doing the plastering for the country around about. He married Mrs. Elizabeth (Woolfolk) Wall December 16, 1868. She had two sons by her first husband, Eugene E. and Julius F. Julius F. married Miss Katie Burress, of Windsor, July 8, 1882. Mrs. Bass' first husband, Julius F. W^all, was killed at the battle of Lone Jack August 16, 1862. He was with Colonel Cockrell's regiment. Her father, Charles T. Woolfolk, was born in Virginia, but was raised in Kentuck}'. His father was John Woolfolk, a Virginian by birth and of English descent and a soldier in the revolution. Her mother was originally Polly A. Payne, of Ken- tucky. Mr. and Mrs. Bass have four daughters: Katie Woolfolk, Sallie P., Mary Ella and Bessie Lewis. In 1869 Mr, Bass commenced the stock business and has made it his principal occupation since then. In 1876 he went to Texas with his family and started a sheep ranche in Comanche BieGRAPHICAL. 557 County with his brother, Lawrence. They continued it for four years. Selling out, he returned to his farm near Windsor, but soon disposed of this and moved into town. As the stock business was his favorite call- ing, he immediately commenced operations in company with Jacob Strauss, and since that time they have been the leading buyers in town. They are members of the Baptist Church and he belongs to the Masonic fraternity. Mr. Bass has been a very fortunate business man and accu- mulated a large property. He is liberal in the support of schools, churches and the different enterprises of the city. Mrs. Bass has charge of the hotel and is proving herself to be a most capable and energetic woman. JOHN CREIGHTON BEEDY. Mr. Beedy is of English extraction, the families of both his parents having emigrated to America from that country and settled in New Hampshire before the revolutionary war. Jeremiah Beedy, his grand- father, was born in New Hampshire and was a soldier during the revo- lution, and after that event continued his chosen avocation until his death. His son John was born in Gilmanton, New Hampshire, in 1800, and settled in Bolton, Vermont, while a }-oung man, where he pursued the labors of an agriculturist until 185 1. During this time he took an active part in local and state politics, filling various official positions and serving two years in the lower house of the state assembly. He then moved to Montpelier, Vermont, where, after a useful and honorable life, he died in 1873. He married Betsey L. Fifield, daughter of Samuel Fifield, who came from England and located upon a farm in New Hamp- shire. They had six children, all of whom are now living. Their son John C. was born in Bolton, Chittenden County, Vermont, July 21, 1834, and until his seventeenth year attended the public schools in Bolton. Upon his parents removing to Montpelier he was placed in the academy in that city, where he remained until he was twenty years of age. After working a year at home upon his father's farm he turned his steps toward the great west, and came to Janesville, Wisconsin, and taught school one year. For the next two and a half years he was engaged in the lumber business, first for his uncle and afterward for a Milwaukee firm. At the expiration of that period he went to St. Louis and was employed as traveling salesman for his uncle in the lumber trade, and going to Syracuse, Missouri, he continued it for two years. He then located in Sedalia, Missouri, and in two years sold out his lumber interests and commenced general trading and supplying government stores. In com- pany with McKay, Hood and McAllister, of St. Louis, he contracted to supply the hospitals at Vicksburg and interior points with provisions and stores. In 1863, in company with Thomas McAllister, he estab- lished the wholesale grocery house of J. C. Beedy & Co. at New Orlerns, 558 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. engaging also in cotton and sugar growing, and in general speculation. He was with General Banks in 1864 on his memorable Red River expe- dition, buying and shipping cotton. In the spring of 1866 the grocery firm of J. C. Beedy & Co. disposed of their stock, and he devoted him- self exclusively to cotton planting for two seasons. Returning to Mis- souri he embarked quite extensively in farming operations in Johnson County, which he continued until 1869, when resuming his old business, he opened a lumber yard in Knob Noster, which he closed after one year's trade. Then he established yards in Clinton and Windsor, soon disposing of the former, but continuing the latter until 1874, when he accepted the general management and agency of the Eau Claire Lum- ber Company, St. Louis. Remaining in charge only one year he returned to Windsor, where he is now engaged in the lumber trade. Since com- ing here he has taken large contracts for the United States mail service, in company with Morse & Hines, of Windsor. In 1877 he organized, together with Mr. C. C. Morse and others, the Windsor Savings Bank, with a capital of $50,000, and since that time he has been president of the bank corporation. Mr. Beedy is a Democrat, and takes quite an active part in local politics and in all municipal and educational affairs. He has been a member of the city council, and was one of the school board who built the school buildings which does the city so much credit. He has also served the city as its mayor. He married Miss Ellen Vic- toria, daughter of Joel and Charlotte (Colyer) Goldsburg, of Barre, Ver- mont, October 23, 1867. He has three children, Lula Annette, Nellie and John Goldsburg. Mr. Beedy has contributed generously to the building and support of the various churches erected in Windsor. In 1876 he went to the centennial and took an extended tour through the eastern states, visiting the principal cities and places of interest. He is a good financier, a man of progressive ideas, and liberal in devising for the interests of the community in which he lives, and has done much to develop the trade of his town and county. He is a man of fine physi- cal appearance, social and pleasant in his address, is just in the prime o( manhood, full of life and business energy, and has acquired a handsome property. He is one of the firm who built the fruit evaporater in Wind- sor in 1882. He is also associated with Mr. Gorham in developing a vein of coal on the latter's farm, equaling, if not surpassing, in quality any yet found in the county. JOHN BAKER BRAME was born in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, September 6, 1840. His father, John Brame, was born in the same place and has lived there since. He married Miss Elizabeth Smith of that cx)unty, who died in 1874. The subject of this sketch educated himself especially for a pro- «k BIOGRAPHICAL. 559 tession. In the winter ot i860 he attended the dental college at Balti- more, Maryland, remaining there until the spring of 1861. The war cloud broke, studies were at an end, and he entered the Confederate army in May, joining the Third Virginia Cavalry under Colonel Owens, of Virginia. He served in the army of the Potomac and participated in all the memorable battles fought by General Lee, gaining distinction as a brave soldier. He went home on a furlough to get horses one week before Lee's surrender, so that the war closed while he was at home. He again took up his dental studies, and in September, 1865, he emi- grated to Missouri, and settled in Windsor, where he opened a dental office in the town and for many years was the only one. His excellent training while at the college, together with his experience, fitted him admirably for the duties of his profession. He commenced without means and with but a few dental tools, but, endeavoring to do the best he could, soon had the satisfaction of knowing that his work was appre- ciated, and he is now established in a very prosperous business. He married Miss Rettie F. Taylor, November 24, 1867. She was the daugh- ter of Richard F. Taylor, of Windsor, and Ann (Fitz Hugh) Taylor, a Kentuckian by birth. They have two children : Frank Lee, aged four- teen, and Paul Hampton, aged four years. The doctor is a Democrat in his political views. He joined the Baptist Church when he was thirteen years old, and in 1867 preferring the Christian Church, he became con- nected with it, and is one of its zealous, devoted members. He belongs to the order of the A. O. U. W. and the Farmers' and Mechanics' Insur- ance Association. He is one of the aldermen of the city government. WILLIAM H. BURTON, of the firm of Burton & Collins, proprietors of livery, sale and feed stable^ was born in Cooper County, Missouri, November 7, 1853. His father, Emerson Burton, was born in Kentucky. After living in Howard and Cooper Counties for many years, he moved in 1868, into Henry County and bought a farm. His mother's maiden name was Martha Reed, of Cooper County. They had nine children, of whom William is the third child. He bought a farm and worked it for several years, and Novem- ber 16, 1879, he came to Windsor and started the livery business. He has a good stable with fine horses and carriages, and is doing a satisfac- tory business. He married Miss Amanda Collins in 1866. She was the daughter of Dillard Collins, of Cooper County, but who came originally from Montgomery County, Kentucky. Her mother was formerly Har- riet Jones, born in Alabama. They have one child, Jessie Lee, born in 1878. Mr. Burton is a genial man, affable to those with whom he comes in contact, and is making a success of his business. ^ 56o HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. LYMAN BURTON, farmer and stock dealer was born March 2, 1832, in Bethlehem, Litch- field County, Connecticut, where he received a good practical English education. His father, Daniel B. Burton was a miller by occupation, but afterwards became a farmer. He was born April 14, 1787, in Con- necticut, and on April 25, 182 1, married Miss Zeririah H. Hayes, who was born October 6, 1792, in the same state. They had seven children, and all are living: Elam B., born September 20, 1822 ; Jesse B., born March 5, 1825; Hester K., born December 14, 1826; Mary Z., born August 5, 1828 ; Henrietta S., born September 25, 1830 ; Lyman, born March 2, 1832; Nathan B., born March 16, 1835. With the exception of two these children still reside in their native state, Hester E., who mar- ried S. M. Churchill, of Connecticut, lives in State Center, Marshall County, Iowa. Lyman Burton emigrated from the state of his birth in the spring of 1855, at the age of twenty-three, to Dunleith, Jo. Daviess County, Illinois. He was there engaged as section foreman on the Illi- nois Central Railroad, for twelve years. He married Miss Isabel T, McCallen, on November 28, i860, and they have had five children: Ida E., born November 29, 1862, and died September 20, 1865, of typhoid fever; Ada S., born November 15, 1865; Ernest R., born March 22, 1867; Wilfred L., born June 13, 1869; Frank McCallen, born January 14, 1876. In the fall of 1872, Mr. B. removed from Tonica, LaSalle County, Illinois, to Moberly, Missouri, remaining there for nearly seven years, when he changed his locality to Henry County, on April i, 1880. Here he pur- chased eighty-four acres of land and became occupied in agricultural pursuits. He enlisted April 6, 1865, in Company C, Sixty-Fourth Illinois Infantry Veteran Volunteers, Captain William Zuel, commanding, and served one year, when he was regularly discharged at North Louisville. Kentucky. He is a man of generous impulses, and genial in his manners. His political sentiments are strongly Republican. MOSES CARLE, was born December 7, 18 14, in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, where in youth he received a good education. His father, William Carle, a black- smith and farmer by occupation, was born October i, 1789, in New Jer- sey, while his mother, Sarah Dulaney, was born September 18, 1786, in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. They were married in 1808, and to them were born five children, four sons and one daughter, but only two are living: Mary was born March 27, 1809; John, born December 27, i8ri; Moses, born December 7, 18 14; Thomas, born June 11, 18 18, and Albert G., born April 20, 1822. William Carle emigrated with his parents in an early day from New Jersey, to Fayette County, Pennsylvania, where BIOGRAPHICAL. 561 he was reared to manhood. His son, Moses, commenced lite for himself at the age of twenty-one years. He was married January 4, 1838, to Miss Eliza Jane Bunker, of the same county as himself, and by this mar- riage there are six children, four daughters and two sons. In 1842, he removed to Ohio, and there bought 170 acres of land, remaining upon it for two years. At this time he sold his farm and located on property which he had purchased, embracing land and a saw mill. Three years after he disposed of that, and renting a farm, for several years was ■employed in farming. In 1865, he bought another estate in the same county, and making improvements lived upon it for six years, when he again sold out. In 1872, he came to Henry County, Missouri, at first buying forty acres, but from time to time he has added thereto until now he has 140 acres under good improvement. He, in connection with his son, G. B. Carle, is successful in his farming operations, and also in the stock industry, they raising fine blooded hogs of the Jersey breed. In 1849, Mr. Carle having received a commission as captain, organized a company intended for the Mexican War, but was never called into actual service. He was also the enrolling officer during the civil war of 1861, though never engaged as a soldier on account of age. Religiously he is a Methodist, and in politics a Democrat. George B. Carle, his eldest son, enlisted July 24, 1862, in Company K, Ninetieth Ohio Infantry Vol- unteers, Captain Morris Rowe commanding, as private, and served for three years in that capacity. He was regularly discharged June 20, 1865, at Camp Denison, Ohio. RICHARD FILMORE COLLINS was born in Choctaw County, Alabama, June 25, 1857, and is the third son of a family of eight children. He was brought up to study and work on a farm and in a tannery, his father, Dellard Collins, who had a boot and shoe store, also carrying on a large tannery. In 1869 the father moved to Missouri and settled in Cooper County, where he still resides. In 1879 Richard F. came to Windsor with his brother-in-law, W. H. Ber- ton, and together they engaged in the livery business. Dick, as he is familiarly called, is an exemplary young man, of good habits and attends strictly to his business. JORDON R CHAPPELL. farmer and stock raiser, was born September 3, 1831, in Otsego County. New York. His father, Elijah Chappell, was born March 8, 1788, in Lebanon, Connecticut, and was the son of Oliver and Eunice Chappell. His mother, formerly Betsey Newcomb, was born September 12, 1792, in the same locality. They were married December 13, 1813. and had m 562 HISTORY Ol" HENR\ COUNTY. eleven children, of whom five sons and one daughter survive. Their first child, Henry, was born January 10, 18 15, in Otsego County, New York, and died at the age of three years. Thadeus was born Septem- ber 16, 1818, and married Catherine E. Martin, of Montezuma, New York, October 3, 185 i. Henry was born June 20, 1820, but died at an early age. Ruth E. was born November 8, 1821, and now resides at Windsor. Solomon N. was born August 16, 1823; October 3, 185 1, he married Miss Ester A. Dyer, of Port Byron, New York. Oliver was born August i, 1825, and died at the age of ten months. Maxamilla, the second daughter, was born February 19, 1827, and married Henry E. Baker, of Poughkeepsie, New York, October 3, 1848. She died Sep- tember 3, 1849. Sumner E. was born December 8, 1828, and married Miss Cordelia Baker, of Poughkeepsie, New York. Jordon R. Chappell, the ninth child and seventh son, was born September 3, 1831, in Otsego County, New York. He received, during his childhood, an ordinary edu- cation, and at the age of eighteen years, in 1849, he entered the Auburn Academy, New York, his preceptor being Prof Hopkins, which school he attended for a term of two years. He then entered Hamilton Col- lege, Clinton, New York, where he remained for four years, graduating in the class oi '55- He was engaged in teaching for some years, and previous to going to Michigan was elected school commissioner at the age of twenty-five, in Auburn, New York. Removing with his par- ents from Otsego to Mentz, Cayuga County, they remained there until 1856. They then sold their farm of 132 acres and emigrated to Ontwa, Cass County, Michigan, where they bought 396 acres. Elijah Chappell died December 12, 1858, and his widow died in March of 1870. J. R. Chappell was married December i, 1859, to Miss Sophronia M. Phelps, of Homer, Cortland County, New York. Their only child, Charles J., was born August 31, 1866, in Cass County, Michigan. Mr. C. bought forty acres of land while in Cass County, and in addition held an undivided interest in the homestead. Disposing of his property, he removed from Michigan in 1867, and made his home in Windsor Township, Henry County, Missouri, near the city of Windsor. He first bought 160 acres where he still resides, and has been steadily improving his farm an infancy, and George C, who died October 2, 1882, at the age of three years and seven months. Mrs. D. is a member of the Cumberland Pres- byterian Church. He belongs to the Odd Fellows order and has filled all the chairs in the subordinate lodge, and was a representative to the grand lodge, in 1881. JOHN E. EAGLE, merchant, and an enterprising business man of this vicinity, is a native of Illinois, and was born in Ouincy June 23, 1850. His father, D. A. Eagle, originally from Pennsylvania, died in Paducah, Kentucky, in 1850. His mother, formally Udolpha Miller, was born in Maryland. In 1852, some two years after the death of Mr. Eagle, she was married to J. G. Dorman. John E. moved with his parents to Missouri in 1855, and located in Clinton, Henry County, where Mr. Dorman was engaged in the mercantile business. He spent his youth in his father's store and in attending the public school of Clinton, and also completed a course of study at the Jonathan Jones Commercial College of St. Louis, in 1870. For some time previous to the war he was bookkeeper in his father's store, and during the war he had full charge of that business. He com- menced business in Montrose in December, 1875, under the firm name of Dorman & Son. He carries a large and select stock of general mer- chandise, is a thorough business man, deservedly popular, and is enjoy- ing an immense patronage. Mr. Eagle was married in Montrose Jan- uary 22, 1879, to xMiss Susie Ann Tucker, oi this county, and a daughter of D. A. Tucker, of Montrose. They have one child, Ralph A., who was born November 2, 1879. Mr. Eagle is a member of the Independent. Order of Odd Fellows, in which order he is Vice Grand. O. F. JOHNSON. Among the prominent and leading business men of Montrose is the subject of this sketch, who was born in Medina County, Ohio, June 30, 1841. His parents were Hosea and Rachel (Ladd) Johnson, both natives of Vermont. O. F. moved with the family to Indiana in 1845 and set- tled in Noble County, where he grew to manhood on the farm, acquiring limited educational advantages, as the term of the public schools in those days consisted of only about three months, in the winter season. By self application he has become a man of good education. In Sep- tember, 1861, he enlisted in Company F., 30th Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served about fourteen months in the army, participating in the bat- tles of Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, Bowling Green and several other important engagements. After his discharge, in October, 1862, he 6l2 HISTORY OF IIEXRV COUNTY. returned to Indiana and devoted his attention to teaching in the states of New York, Michigan and Indiana. Mr. Johnson was married in St. Joseph County, Indiana, September, 1870, to Miss Margaret Burden, of that county and a daughter of William and Catherine l^urden. After teaching in St. Joseph County for about two years Mr. J. came to Mis- souri in April, 1872, and located near Appleton City, in St. Clair County, where he purchased land and improved a farm, also being engaged in teaching for three terms of school. In June, 1877, he moved into Mont- rose, embarking in the mercantile business. * He carries a large stock of hardware, furniture, farm implements and deals extensively in grain, and is doing a most remunerative business. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have one child. Burr, who was born July 22, 1880. Mrs. J. is a member of the Christian Church. A. L. KEPNER, owes his nativity to Jo Daviess County, Illinois, where he was born Sep- tember 22, 1845, being the son of B. H. and Sarah E. (Bushey) Kepner, natives of Pennsylvania. A. L. spent his youth in the county of his birth on his father's farm, attending the public schools, where he received his primary education supplemented with two terms attendance at a high school. In 1867, he went to California, passed two years on the Pacific Slope, and was engaged in ranching near Stockton. Returning to his home in the winter of 1869, in the fall of 1870, he came to Missouri and settled in Henry County, where he bought the land and improved the farm which he now occupies. After working on this place three years, in connection with his brother, A. E. Kepner, he retraced his steps to Illinois in the winter of 1873, and had charge of his father's farm for four years. Mr. Kepner was married in Jo Daviess County, November 16, 1876, to Miss Ada B. Jenkins, of that county, and a daughter of A. N. Jenkins. She was reared and educated in her native county, and was a prominent teacher there for seven years, and was one of eight sisters, six of whom were teachers. In the spring of 1877, Mr. Kepner came back to his farm in Missouri, which he has since continued to cultivate and improve. He has 200 acres, all in cultivation, with good buildings, improvements, etc. This place is located on section 35, and is situated some three miles southwest of Montrose. Mr. and Mrs. Kepner have two children: Agnes P^stella and Mark L. A. E. KEPNER. The subject of this sketch is a native of Jo Daviess County, Illinois, and was born December 5, 1849. Benjamin H. Kepner, his father, and also his mother, whose maiden name was Sarah Bushey, came originally from Pennsylvania. The former grew to manhood at his birthplace BIOGRAPHICAL. 613 where he married, and in 1848 moved to Illinois, being one of the pioneer settlers of Jo Daviess County, and there he still resides on the land which he entered and improved. A. E. Kepner divided his younger days between working on the farm and attending the public schools. He was married in Wisconsin, September 29, 1872, to Miss Roxie Rowe, a native of New York, but who was reared and educated principally in Illinois. She was the daughter of Deleyan Rowe. After his marriage Mr. Kepner came to Missouri and located in Henry County, purchasing land and improving the farm where he now resides. ^He owns 160 acres of land, all in a good state of cultivation, enclosed with a hedge, and about twenty acres in timothy meadow. An abundance of fruit is upon the place which is in section 35, about two miles south of Montrose. Mr. Keptner is an industrious, enterprising and thorough farmer and a good business man and pushes to success whatever he undertakes. He man- ifests an interest in educational matters and works hard toward the pro- motion of his school district. He was a member of the board and clerk of the district some six years. Mr. and Mrs. K. have four children : Etha E., Ida F., Benjamin R. and Florence V. He and his wife are mem- bers of Cumberland Presbyterian Church. CHARLES KIRN, an enterprising farmer and stock dealer of this township, came originally from Wurtemburg, Germany, where he was born December 2, 1832. His parents, Conrad and Rosa Kirn, nee Rauss, were also natives of Wurtem- burg. Charles emigrated to the United States with tlie family in 1852, and located in Ann Arbor, Michigan. His youth, from the age of six to eighteen years, was spent in school, and after settling in Michigan, he was engaged in railroading and fired on an engine for five years, after which he ran an engine for one year. In i860 he moved to Illinois, where he gave his attention to farming, in Washington County, and also to the handling of [stock for eight years. In 1868 he came to Missouri, and in 1875 to Henry County, purchased land and improved his present farm. This contains 405 acres, with about sixty-six acres of tame grass, upon which is a good brick house and other improvements. He makes a speciality of handling and feeding stock. This farm is located on sec- tion 25, one and a quarter miles from Montrose. Mr. Kirn was married in Illinois, May 2, 1861, to Miss Augusta T. Flaxbarth, a native of Penn- sylvania. There are five children by this marriage: John C, Mary L., Julius G., Rosie C, and Emma. Mrs. K. died November i, 1872. He was subsequently married in this county, February 23, 1875, to Mrs. Mary Breideeser, a daughter of John Cordell. She was born in Maryland, but was reared in Henry County. They have one son, Charles. Mr. and Mrs. Kirn are members of the German Reform Church. He is a man who takes a crreat interest in educational matters. 6 14 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. HON. J. J. KNOWLTON, lumber and grain dealer, is a native of the State of New York, and was born in Erie County July 17, 1841. William Knowlton, his father, was originally from Vermont, and his mother, formerly Alma Persons, was born in New York. J. J. spent his life on the home farm and in attend- ing the public schools. In the fall of i860 he went to Wisconsin and settled in Dodge County, where he was engaged in the saw mill and lumber business. In August, 1862, he enlisted as a private in Company I, twenty-ninth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and served three years in the arrny, being discharged in July, 1865. He participated in a num- ber of important engagements, among which were the fights of Port Gibson, Champion's Hill, Siege of Vicksburg, Mobile, Mansfield and Pleasant Hill, Louisiana. After his discharge he returned to Dodge County, where he was married January 30, 1867, to Miss Mary Douglas, of New York, but who was raised and educated in Dodge County, and a daughter of John Douglas. After this event Mr. Knowlton moved to the northern part of the state and settled in Shawano County, where he continued the lumber business for about five years. He then farmed for five years, and in July, 1877, selling his Wisconsin property, he came to Missouri in the following November, and located in Montrose, where he farmed one year. In 1879 he commenced again in the lumber business. He carries a large stock ot pine and native lumber, building material and fencing, and is also interested in the grain business, in which he is naving a large trade. Mr. Knowlton is identified with the Democratic party, and was elected to represent Shawano County in the legislature in 1875, and served his county with honorable distinction in the session of 1875-6. His ability being recognized by his party he was re-elected at the next general election, and served two terms in the legislature of Wisconsin. He takes more than ordinary mterest in school matters, and is an influential member of the school board. Mr. and Mrs. K. have a family of five children, William B., L. C, Maggie E., John D. and Blanche A. Mrs. Knowlton is connected with the Presbyterian Church, and he belongs to the Masonic fraternity. ETIIELBERT LAMPKKIN, farmer and stock feeder, was born in Northumberland County, Virginia, April 14, 1832, being the son of Charles Lampkin. born in the same county, and on the same farm, and Elizabeth Lampkin. ncc Kenner, also of that county. His grandfather Kenner ser\-ed seven years in the war of the Revolution, and Charles Lampkin served in the war of 1812, par- ticipating in the battle of New Orleans. Our subject was the youngest of a family of seven sons and one daughter. His youth was spent on a BIOGRAPHICAL. 615 farm, and when seventeen years of age he commenced learning the plas- terer's trade, working as an apprentice for four years. In 1857, he came west, and located in Boonville, Missouri, where he worked at his trade three years, and upon going to Otterville continued it four years. In the spring of 1861, he went to Pettis County, where he resided until 1863. Taking stock across the plains to Colorado, he worked during the summer at his trade in Denver City. In the spring of 1864, he started for Virginia City, where he arrived in June. Here he gave his attention to plaster- ing and freighting from Fort Benton. In August, 1866, he came down the Missouri River to Nebraska City, where he spent about three months with a brother, and in the fall of the same year came to Missouri, but a short time after returned to his native state. In April, 1867, he again came to Missouri, and first located in Sedalia, where he was occupied in merchandising until the fall of 1868. Then he sold out his stock, and in 1869, moved to Henry County, bought land and commenced improving his farm. He has 400 acres in his home place, on section 31, all in cul- tivation, upon which is a good house and a young orchard of 400 bear- ing apple and lOO peach trees. Besides this place he has twenty acres of timber, and underlying the farm is a vein of coal varying from twelve to twenty inches in thickness, and from seven to eight feet below the surface. Mr. Lampkin was married in Pettis County, November 29, 1871, to Miss Emma Hutchison, a native of that county. She was reared in Pettis County, and was educated at Christian College, at Boonville. She is a daughter of W. T. Hutchison. Mr. and Mrs. L. have a family of five children: Rosie May, Lena Gee, Willie T., Claud W. and Harry E. Mr. L. is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, while his wife is con- nected with the M. E. Church South. JOSEPH LENNARTZ, merchant at Montrose, was born in Mercer County, Ohio, May 25, 1850, Peter Lennartz, his father, and also his mother, whose maiden name was Catherine Simmerman, were natives of Prussia. Joseph spent his youth on a farm and enjoyed fair opportunities for obtaining an education at the public schools. In 1870 he came to Missouri and settled in Henry County, farming for two years. In the fall of 1872 he commenced rail- roading, and worked at this business for the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Road for three years. In the fall of 1875 he engaged in the butchering business in Montrose, and after two years was interested in the grocery trade one year. During the years of 1878-9 he was engaged in clerking in the dry goods house of Solomon Kahn. Mr. Lennartz commenced his present business in 1880. He has a complete stock of heavy and shelf hardware, and being a good salesman and an energetic and enter- prising business man, is receiving an excellent patronage. He was mar- 6l6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ried in Montrose in January, 1877, to Miss Katie Brawnsberger, a native of Ohio and a daughter of Joseph Brawnsberger. She died August 18, 1880, leaving two children, Mary and Cicilia. Mr. Lennartz was mar- ried again in Montrose October 23, 1881, to Miss Elizabeth Smith, of Pennsylvania and a daughter of Valentine Smith. They have one child. Josephine. He and his wife are members of the Catholic Church. JAMES MIDDAGH. The subject of this sketch, a native of Pennsylvania, was born in Juniatta County, April 10, 18 12, being the son of Asher and Martha (Gray) Middagh, also of Pennsylvania. The former served in the war of 18 1 2, while his father, John Middagh, served all through the war of the Revolution. James grew to manhood at his birthplace, attending school, and part of the time he was in a store. In 1836 he engaged in the mer- cantile business in partnership with John Patterson at Perryville, remain- ing so occupied for about twenty years, during which time he did a large and prosperous business. He was married March 24, 1841, to Miss Cath- erine Bushey, of the same county as himself, and a daughter of John Bushey. In 1844 he moved to Franklin County, Pennsylvania, where he farmed for two years and in the spring of 1847 he located in Jo Daviess County, Illinois, bought land and improved a farm. He was one of the pioneer settlers of that county. In 1853 he was appointed railroad agent at Nora Station, holding the position at that place for five years. In the spring of 1858 he again resumed farming in Jo Daviess County and followed that occupation until 1869 when he sold his property and came to Henry County, Missouri. He purchased uncultivated land and improved the farm where he at present resides and now has 160 acres, upon which is a large two story residence in a sightly location some three miles from Montrose on section 35 and other improvements. About twenty acres are in timothy meadow and the balance of the place is in pasture. Mrs. Middagh died Febr;uary 28, 1866, and three children are now living by this marriage : Benjamin F., John B. and Samuel A. The oldest, William A. died in February, 1881, at the age of thirty-eight years. The oldest daughter, Martha E., died in Illinois in 1862 at the age of twenty-two, and Lilly died in 1876, aged twenty years. Mr. Mid- dagh was married in Wisconsin, October i, 1868, to Miss Esther C. John- son, of Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Jonathan Johnson. She is a member of the German Baptist Church. Mr. M. is connected with the Masonic and Odd Fellows' orders, and was a representative to the grand lodge for ten years. THOMAS M. MILLER, merchant at Montrose, was born in Montgomery County, Illinois, Decem- ber 22, 1852. Alfred Miller, his father, is a native of Pennsylvania, and BIOGRAPHICAL. 617 his mother, formerly Catherine L. Scherer, came originally from North Carolina. Thoma.s M., spent his youth on the home farm, and his early education was received at the public schools. He afterward attended for two years the Hillsborough Academy. After finishing his studies at this school he returned to the farm and continued agricultural pur- suits for a number of years. He was married in his native county June 6, 1876, to Miss Olive M. Lipe, of that county. She is a daughter of Wiley Lipe, of Montgomery County. After his marriage Mr. Miller conducted his farm until December of 1881. In January, 1882 he moved to Missouri and located in Montrose, engaging in the mercantile busi- ness. He has a large and select stock of groceries, provisions, queens- ware, glassware, willowware and sundry goods, and is doing an exten- sive business. He and his wife have two children, Ida Elvira and Myrtle Monroe. Mrs. Miller is a member of the Lutheran Church. JOHN NOEL, farmer and stock raiser, section 14, owes his nativity to Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, where he was born November 26, 1812, being the son of Joseph and Margaret (Griffin) Noel, natives of Maryland. John grew to manhood in the county of his birth, his youth being spent on the farm. After his sixteenth year he learned the stone and brick mason's trade, at which he worked for about sixteen years. In 1835, moving to Iowa, he located in Scott County, and was one of its pioneers, residing there upwards of thirty years, engaged in farming and working at his trade. He sold this property in 1865, and in the fall of 1866, came to Missouri, and settled in Henry County. He moved on the place where he now resides in the spring of 1867. Mr. Noel was married in Scott County, Iowa, January 9, 1846, to Miss Rachel Goldsmith, a daughter of Benjamin Goldsmith. She is a native of Preble County, Ohio, but was reared in Scott County, Iowa. They have six children: Mary A. (wife of A. McLaughlin), Benjamin F., Lucy E., Margaret C, George A., and Jacob V. They have lost five children. Mr. Noel has 180 acres of cultivated land in his home place, upon which are good buildings and an orchard of 300 bearing fruit trees. He and his wife are members of the Catholic Church. JOSEPH PATTEN was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, July 23, 1830. His parents, Hugh and Jane (Nesbut) Patten, were both natives of Kentucky, and the former was born in 1795. Hugh Patten spent his^life on the farm where he was born and died at the age of seventy-one years. Joseph grew to manhood in the county of his birth, attending for a time the common subscription schools, but the principal part of his education has been. 6l8 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. obtained by self application. He came to Missouri in September, 1858, and in April, 1859, located in Henry County, where he purchased land and improved the tarm upon which he now resides. He sold 140 acres of his original farm to the town company for the town site in 1870, and has at present 150 acres well improved, with the exception of seventeen acres of timber. There are seventy acres devoted to tame grass. His large residence is located in the suburbs of the city, in connection with which is a good barn, out buildings and an orchard. Mr. Patten was married in Callaway County, Missouri, December 23, 1858, to Miss Louisa West, a native of St. Louis County and a daughter of Alvin West, ot Kentucky. Her mother was born in Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Patten are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, of which he has been an elder since 1866. SAMUEL PAXTON, grain dealer, and a prominent business man of Montrose, as well as a pioneer of the county, is a Virginian by birth, and was born in Kanawha County September 21, 1834.. William Paxton, his father, was born in Rockbridge County, Virginia, in 1808, and his mother, formerly Eliza Atkinson, was also of Virginia birth. Samuel moved with his parents to Missouri in about 1842, and settled in Cooper County, being among the pioneers of that vicinity. There the subject of this sketch grew to manhood, his youth being spent on the farm. In 1856, he came to Henry County, bought land and improved a farm, and was one of the first set- tlers in this part of the county, there then being not enough inhabitants in Deepwater Township to support one school. Mr. Paxton was married September 8, 1861, to Miss Amanda Bailey, originally of Edgar County, Illinois, and a daughter ot George Bailey. They have a family of three children, George B., May G. and Frank L. Himself, wife and daughter are members of the Missionary Baptish Church. Soon after Montrose was laid out Mr. Paxton built the Montrose Steam Elevator, and has since been engaged in buying and handling grain. This elevator has a capacity of 2,000 bushels per day, with a corn sheller and a corn grind- ing burr. He is doing a large shipping business which will compare favorably with any in Henry County. He still owns his fine farm adja- cent to the town, which consists of IIS acres, all in good cultivation with confortable out buildings, etc., and an orchard of 400 bearing apple trees of select varieties. This farm is in section 14. He is a member 01 the Masonic fraternity. JOHN RHOADES, farmer and stock raiser, section 12, is a native of South Carolina, and was born June 11, 1826, his parents being John Rhoades, originally 01 Pennsylvania, and Catherine (Burk) Rhoades, who was born in South BIOGRAPHICAL. 619 Carolina. John accompanied the family to North Carolina when a child, and there passed his younger days on a farm, and also in mining. In 1846 he crossed the mountains to Tennessee and located near Athens, where he was married October 18, 1848, to Miss Ann Richardson, who was a Georgian by birth, but principally brought up and educated in Tennessee. In 1852 Mr. Rhoades came to Missouri and settled in Barry County, where he bought land and improved a farm, residing there until i86r, when, on account of the troubles incident to the late war, he moved to Ouincy, Illinois. After a time he returned to Missouri and located near Warsaw, there embarking in the stock business. In the spring of 1863 he went to Cooper County, which was his home for three years. He came to Henry County in the spring of 1866, and settled on the farm where he now resides, having 520 acres, with 480 under fence. This is an excellent body of land, the soil being a rich loam with clay subsoil. Underlaying a large portion of it is a vein of coal of good quality, varying in thickness from twenty to thirty inches, and in places comes near the surface. There is also a bed of fine blue sand stone which crops out on a branch and is said to be of a very superior quality. This rock is in seams from one to eight feet in thickness, and will with- out doubt be in great demand for building purposes in the near future. Mrs. Rhoades died in Barry County in December, 1858. He was subse- quently married in Henry County, November 5, 1867, to Miss Harriet Trimble, a daughter of Peter Trimble. She was born in Bates County, and was there reared and educated. Mr. Rhoades has raised a family of four children: Martha M. (now Mrs. John Laster); Jennie O. (wife of William A. Vanhoy, living near Goldendale, Washington Territory); G. B. and J. C. Mrs. R. is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, while her husband is an ancient Odd Fellow. CARL SCHILLING, M. D., A. M. Among the leading physicians and surgeons of Henry County, is the subject of this sketch, who was born on the third day of July, 1853, i'"' Werl Kingdom, of Prussia, his father being Inspector Carl Schilling, and his mother Joana Schilling, nee Baumgartner, from the city of Wesel, a strong fortress on the river Rhine. W^hen young Carl was about three years old, his parents moved to Dortmund, Westphalia, a city of about 75.000 inhabitants, where he received his school education. From his fifth to his tenth year he visited the public school, after which he entered the gymnasium, a state school, to be educated in the literary and pri- mary branchesof science. In the year 1872, after nine years continuous study he graduated in the German, French, Latin, Greek and English languages, chemistry, natural history, mathematics, modern and ancient history. Then, after having served one year as a private in the army, 620 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. he matriculated in the University of Berlin, where he studied util shortly before he came to this country, in the fall of 1877, thereby realizing the long- felt desire to emigrate to the new world. He embarked in Antwerp on the stupendous steamer. Fatherland, and landed safely in New York. From there going west, he stopped first in Minnesota, but on account of the severity of the winter climate went south, and arrived in Clinton, Henry County, Missouri, on Christmas evening. There he entered the office of his esteemed friend. Dr. John H. Britts, a surgeon of great rep- utation, then graduated in the Missouri Medical College, with the high- est honors, receiving the prize for general excellency, only one before obtained during the thirty-two years of existence of the college, aside of several prizes in different special departments, and returned to Clinton, where he remained until the spring of 1882. Then by solicitation of his many friends he went to Montrose, where he is engaged in a good prac- tice, bearing the name of a successful physician and a skillful surgeon. The doctor is a christian, and a member of Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons, Knight of the Oriental Order of the Shell and Palm Tree, and member of the lodge of Ancient Order of United Workmen and Mutual Protection. While studying in Europe he made the acquaintance of Miss Joana Marzeller, daughter of Franz and Ferdinande Marzeller, of Wiedenbruck, Germany, a highly educated and very accomplished young lady. This acquaintance, however, not being sanctioned by her stern parent, they lost sight of each other, and were not even enabled to carry on correspondence. Shortly after the doctor had left his native country she found his farewell letter directed to her paternal home. Newly inspired by, and unconsolable about this unexpected news, she directed a letter to his parents, from v/hom she learned his whereabouts in this country. An active correspondence followed, and she told her parents of the definite resolution to follow him wherever he might be, saying that she could and would sacrifice everything, only to be with him. At last, her parents, seeing that she was in earnest, and noticing her phy- sical health to suffer, her natural gayety and love of company giving place to melancholy and solitude, consented, and in the beginning of the month of May, 1880, accompanied by the doctor's sister Joana, they embarked at Hamburg, and safely landed at New York after a twelve days' voyage. On the 23d day of May, they met at Sedalia, Missouri, and were united in wedlock. The doctor then brought his wife and sis- ter to Clinton. On the 21st day of May, 1881, their family increased through the arrival of a young daughter, who received the name of her mother, and is the idol of father and mother. Two days later the doc- tor's brother John, arrived from PLurope, where he had graduated in the gymnasium. He studies medicine under Iiis brother's care, and is now attending lectures in St. Louis. BIOGRAPHICAL. 62 1 G. SCHOLZ, a native of Germany, was born in Schlesien April 28, 1826, his parents, Gottlieb and Christiana Scholz, nee Gemmler, also being from the same country. The subject of this sketch spent his youth, from six to four- teen, at the public schools, and after his fourteenth year he was engaj^ed in working on a farm for about nine years. In Februar}% 185 1, he emi- grated to the United States and located in Sheboygan County, Wiscon- sin, where he farmed for about eighteen years. He was married in that county July 5. i855. to Miss Catherina Loubersstin, also originally from Germany, and in 1869 he came to Missouri, settling in Henry County, where he bought land and improved the farm where he now resides. He has 400 acres, all in cultivation, and about 150 acres are seeded to tame grasses. A large residence and outbuildings are on the place, and six acres are devoted to an orchard with about 320 apple trees, besides other varieties of fruit. Mr. Scholz resides on section 36, but eighty acres of his farm, in St. Clair County, are well improved. He and his wife have eight children living: Gottlieb, Julius, Bertha, Fred. Eliza, Augusta, Christiana and Adolph. Two are deceased, Mary and Amelia. Mr. S. and his family are members of the Lutheran Church. He takes great interest in this church, and is one of the most prominent and influential members. He is an industrious and enterprising citizen and one of the most substantial farmers in Deepwater Township. JUDGE J. STEPHENSON, farmer and stock dealer, section 18, was born in Jackson County, Ohio, January i, 1824, and was the son of Andrew and Elizabeth Stephenson, nee McGee, also natives of Ohio. Our subject grew up in the county of his birth, his youth being spent on the farm, and in attending school. He acquired a fair education in the common English branches and in after years was a teacher for a number of terms. Before reaching his majority he was engaged in the mercantile business at Jackson, Ohio, for about ten years. He was married April 24, 1845, to Miss Elizabeth Ridgeway, a daughter of John Ridgeway, and a native ot Gallia County Mr. Stephenson closed up his mercantile business in 1858, and in May following came to Missouri, and located in Deepwater Township, Henry County. He bought his present farm in 1865, and now has 240 acres, 160 of which are fenced, with good improvements, an orchard, etc. He is extensively interested in buying and selling, and shipping stock, and has followed this business in connection with farming, since coming to the state. Mr. Stephenson is identified with the Republican party, and was elected county treasurer in 1864, but declined the nomination of his party for a second term. In 1868 he received the nomination and was 622 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. elected county judge and served four years in that capacity with credit to himself and satisfaction to his constituents. He and his wife have raised a family of eight children: Mary Ann, (now Mrs. V. Griggs), Vir- ginia (wife of Samuel Gates), Andrew J., John J., Frances (wife of Wright Ba^iley), William A., Nellie and Julia Belle. They have lost three child- dren, one of whom, Lillie D. died in infancy, and Jared L., and Indiana, died in childhood. Mrs. Stephenson is a member of the Missionary Baptist Ghurch. The judge has filled several minor offices, and has been elected a delegate to numerous county and congressional conventions. JUDGE M. A. STEWART, a well known citizen of this vicinity, was born in Farquier County, Vir- ginia, March 19, 1S19. His parents, Daniel and Anna (Walker) Stewart, were natives of the same county. The former served in the war of 1812, first holding the rank of lieutenant and later was promoted to major. M. A. Stewart was raised in his native county, attending school and working on the farm, and when a young man was employed as salesman for a live stock dealer, serving in that capacity for about three years. In 1838 or 1839 he commenced the study of medicine under the instruction of Dr. John Thompson, one of the leading physicians and surgeons of Kanawha County, and in 1843 oi" 1844 took a course of lectures at the Medical University, of Philadelphia. Moving to Missouri with his parents in 1844 he settled in Henry County where he bought land and improved a farm which he now occupies. After finishing his studies at the medical college, the doctor commenced the practice of his chosen profession in Henry County and was one of the pioneer physicians of the locality. He was married in Cooper County, in October, 1865, to Miss Alice Amanda Philips, a Kentuckian by birth, and a daughter of Willam and Mary Philips. There are three children by this marriage : William A. Daniel W. and Susan Alice. Mrs. Stewart died, November 8, 1879. Mr. S. is identified with the Democratic party and was once elected one of the county judges and has since been twice re-elected, serving in this capacity with distinction for three consecutive terms. He is well posted in the political issues of the day and has been a delegate to numerous political conventions. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Mr. Stewart has 870 acres of valuable land, located about three miles north- west of Montrose. There are about 100 acres in tame grass, and an orchard of some 200 trees. Coal underlies a large portion of the place, which is in section 3. The judge is a man of large and varied experience and one of the leading men of the county. EDWIN TAYLOR came originally from Medina County, Ohio, where he was born Decem- ber 8, 1833. Jonathan Taylor, his father, was a native of Connecticut, BIOGRAPHICAL. 623 and his mother, formerly Lydia Taylor, was born in New Hampshire. Edwin accompanied his parents to Illinois and settled first in Hancock County, where they lived about five years, moving thence to Iowa and locating- in Fairfield, in 1844. The subject of this sketch passed his youth on a farm and at school until about the age of sixteen years, when he was employed as stage agent in Iowa and Missouri until 1859. He came to Missouri in 1855 and worked for the stage company after this for about four years. In 1859 he engaged in the drug business at Calhoun, Henry County. He was appointed postmaster shortly after and continued in business there until the breaking out of the war. In 1863 Mr. Taylor moved to Germantown and opened a stock of general merchandise, which business he conducted till 1871, then closed out and came to Montrose and embarked in the hotel and livery business. He sold his hotel in a short time, and since then has been carrying on the livery business. His large barn contains a number of excellent horses and buggies, and being a pleasant, social and accommodating man, he is very popular and is having an extensive patronage. Mr. Taylor was married in Warsaw, Benton County, in August, 1858, to Miss Ada V. Oliver, who was born in Warsaw, but educated in Springfield, Missouri. They have had four children, Edwin O., William H., who died in Decem- ber, 1879, ^t the age of fourteen years, Lulie and Arthur. JAMES H. VICKERS is a native of Virginia and was born in Kanawha County, February 14, 1847. Henry C. Vickers, his father, a Kentuckian by birth, married Miss Elizabeth A. Roberts, originally from Virginia. James H. moved to Missouri with his parents in the spring of 1852, and located in Henry County, where his youth was passed on the home farm, and he received a common school education, supplemented with a course at the Rice & Stewart Commercial College, at St. Louis. After completing his studies he returned to Henry County, where he was engaged in farming until 1872, then going to Colorado. After remaining about two years in the mining districts, prospecting and mining, he came back from Colorado and spent several months in St. Louis, occupied in the interest of his mines. He located in Montrose in the summer of 1877, ^'"^^ opened a real estate office at this place, where he is now doing a general land agency business and has long lists of valuable wild lands and improved farms for sale. Mr. Vickers was appointed notary public in November, 1879. He is a gentleman of excellent business qualifications and of high standing in the community. He was married in Montrose October 25, 1870, to Miss Kate Chilton, of Cooper County, and a daughter of Dr. E. Chilton, one of the pioneer physicians of Montrose. Mr. and Mrs. Vickers lost three children in infancy. Airs. V. is a member of the 624 HISTORY OP^ HENRY COUNTY. Old School Presbyterian Church. He belongs to the Masonic frater- nity, and his lodge has recognized his ability by electing him secretary. JAMES K. WHITEHEAD. Among the pioneer merchants of Montrose is the subject of this sketch. Mr. Whitehead is a native of Tioga County, Pennsylvania, and was born April i, 1832. His father, Dr. Harmon Whitehead, was born in Pennsylvania in 1802, and his mother, whose maiden name was Har- riet Kinney, was born in the same state in 1807 and is still living. J. K. Whitehead moved with his parents to Illinois in 1837 and located in Peru, LaSalle County, where his youth was spent on a farm and in attending the public schools, where he received a good education in the common English branches. Dr. Whitehead died in 1849, and as James was the oldest of four sons, the care of the family devolved upon him, and he took charge of the farm and business and carried it on very suc- cessfully. After reaching his majority he attended the Lombard Uni- versity in Knox County for one term. He was married in Peru Novem- ber 3, 1857, to Miss Sarah J. Brookie, of Glasgow, Kentucky, and a daughter of Dr. John Brookie, a druggist of St. Louis. After his mar- riage Mr. Whitehead continued his farming operations and opened out a new farm in Bureau County, which he conducted for about ten years. In 1863 he returned to Peru, and was engaged in handling grain and agricultural implements for other parties until 1871, when he settled in Montrose, Henry County, where he embarked in mercantile pursuits under the firm name of W. H. Chamberlain & Co., hardware, implements and grain dealers. This firm commenced business in March, 1871, and continued about one and a half years, when they met with a misfortune and were burned out. After this loss Mr. Whitehead started in the same occupation alone. He erected a business house in the spring of 1874 and remained in business until June 13, 1882, when he was again burned out. He is an energetic, enterprising and ambitious man, and during the past season erected a good two-story brick business house, 25x72 feet, where, in connection with his son, he is now carrying on the same line of trade. He has a good stock of heavy and shelf hardware, stoves, tin, sheet iron and copper ware and farm implements, and is very suc- / cessful. He was appointed postmaster of Montrose and took charge of the office in June, 1875, and has since that time discharged the duties of the office in a satisfactory manner. Mr. and Mrs. Whitehead have three children: Howard L. (a partner in the firm), Edwin J. and Edith A. Mr. W. and his family are members of the First Presb}-terian Church. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity. BIOGRAPHICAL. 625 WILSON BROTHERS, farmers and stock dealers, section 9, are the sons of James R. and Susan (Everett) Wilson. The former was a native of Ohio, but moved to Vir- ginia with his parents, where he grew to manhood. Their mother was a Virginian by birth. Mr. Wilson came from Virginia to Missouri in 1840, and bought land and settled in Henry County, on the farm where the family now reside. J. H. Wilson, the oldest of the brothers was born in Virginia, October 30, 1880. W. W. was born in Henry County, on the home place, December 26, 1857, and R. B. Wilson was born on the same farm, April 9, 1854. They are among the largest land owners and stock feeders of Deepwater Township, having in the home place 640 acres, most of which is in a fine state of cultivation and pasture land; 320 acres are in Bear Creek Township on the county line, and adjoining this in St. Clair County, they have ninety-eight acres, and in section 36, in Deepwater, are 160 acres of improved land, making in all over 4,200 acres. A large residence is on the home place, together with a good barn and a fine young bearing orchard. The past season, 350 acres were planted to corn, which made an average of thirty-five bushels per acre. They are among the most extensive stock feeders and dealers in the county, and handle from 200 to 500 head of cattle, and about the same number of hogs annually. J. H. Wilson was married in St. Clair County, November 8, 1866, to Miss Susan Bruce, who was reared and educated in St. Clair County, and a daughter of Simeon Bruce. There are five children by this marriage: Bruce, Katie, James, Susie and Wal- ter. W. W. and R. B. Wilson were educated in the public schools of the county, supplemented with about one year's attendance at the State Normal at Warrensburg. J. H. Wilson and wife are members of the M. E. Church, South, JOSEPH WITMER, farmer and carpenter, is a native of Switzerland, and was born Decem- ber 25, 1836, being the son of Joseph and Mary (Hefner) Witmer, also of that country. The subject of this sketch spent his youth in the country of his birth, and was educated in the public schools, working on a farm and in a dairy until 1853, when he emigrated to the United States and located in Toledo, Ohio. There he lived about three years, and while in that city learned the carpenter's trade. From Toledo he went to Indiana and worked one year at his trade in Hundingdon county. In 1857 he went with some government troops to Salt Lake, where he passed about nine months, when he returned to St. Joseph, Missouri, and worked in that city until 1861. In July, i86r, he enlisted as a pri- vate in Company A, Thirteenth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, serving until mustered out March 19, 1865. After the battle of Lexington he 40 626 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. was promoted to second lieutenant for meritorious conduct, and after- ward, in November, 1863, to first lieutenant. He was made prisoner at the battle of Lexington, but was parolled in three days. His regiment, after this engagement, was reorganized, and was known as the twenty- fifth. He participated in the battles of Shilo and New Madrid, and a number of other important engagements. In 1862 his regiment went on the plains and served on the frontier until 1864. After his discharge Mr. Witmer engaged as wagon master and went across the plains to Denver and Salt Lake. In the fall of 1866 he returned to Missouri and located in Clinton, where he followed his trade for three years. In the winter of 1870 he went to Indiana and was married January nth of that year in Huntingdon County, to Miss Mary Lennartz, of that county, and a daughter of Peter Lennartz. Returning to Henry County he worked at his trade during that' year, and in the spring of 187 1 he came to Montrose and bought the farm where he now resides. Mr. Witmer has a fine farm of 106 acres in section 24, just in the suburbs of the town, which is well improved. Since moving to this place, besides overseeing and attending to it, he has also been engaged in working at his trade, and is ,one of the best workmen in his line in Montrose. He and his wife are members of the Catholic Church. They have a family of two children, Mollie and Willie G. -^ ^ ??)— ■ TFBO TOWNSHIP. ROBERT W. ALLEN was born September 3, 1850, in Tebo Township, Henry County, Missouri, and was the son of George Jones Allen, who was born April 5, 1809, in East Tennessee. His mother, formerly Miss Esther M. Mitchell and a daughter of William and Nancy Mitchell, was born May 17, 181 5, in Brownsborough, Washington County, East Tennessee. They were mar- ried April 17, 1833, and by this union had four sons and four daughters, of whom there "are still living four daughters and three sons. They emigrated from their native state to Boone County in 1834, where Mr. Allen was engaged in farming for one year. In the following year he removed to Tebo, then in Rives County, and entered a tract of 350 acres, where he commenced to make improvements, there remaining until his BIOGRArillCAL. 627 death on March 5, 1850. Mrs. A. survived him only three years, dying. February 13, 1853. The homestead remained as an inheritance to their children, an estate of 350 acres of land and under a good state of culti- vation, of which R. W. Allen owns 190 acres. Of the children now liv- ing the eldest is a daughter, Ann E., who was born February 2, 1836, in- Rives County, and has for many years been one of the leading educa- tors of her native county; William M., born December 10, 1838, who married Miss Julia M., daughter of Aurelius B. and Eliza Harris, of Henry County; James F. and Isabella J., twin brother and sister, were born September 17, 1841; the brother died May 8, 1863, while in the Confederate service, and Isabella is now a resident of this county; George J., born January 19. 1844, married Miss Bettie J. Fisher, daughter of Jacob and Jane E. Fisher, of Howard County, April 22, 1874; Emma E., born November i, 1847, married Joseph W. Huston, of this county, November 2, 1871; Robert W., born September 3, 1850, married Miss SalHe Sutherland, daughter of Judge W. L. and Margaret J. Sutherland, October 9, 1879, ^"d they have have two children: Clara B., born Sep- tember I, 1880, and Robert Logan, born June 28, 1882. Robert Allen has been a constant resident of the county since his birth. For two years he attended Lenox College, in Iowa, under the tutorship of Samuel Hodge, D. D. Though not having commenced life for himself until at the age of twenty, he has been successful thus far, and now has a fine residence, a good orchard, etc. He received at first from the home- stead only thirty acres, but purchased twenty acres subsequently, in 1879, ^"d in 1881, 140 acres more, all of the the original 350 entered by his father in 1835. Four members of this family are connected with the Presbyterian Church, Mr. Allen's political sentiments are Demo- cratic. M. R. AMICK is the owner of "Elm Grove" farm of 400 acres, composed of fine rolling prairie, well watered by springs, and is under good cultivation. He was born December 8, 1846, in the township where he now resides. His father, Marandy Amick, a farmer, and millwright by occupation, was born March 25, 1808, in Kentucky. He came to Henry County in 1840* and was the architect of the first steam mill west of St. Louis, it having been erected by Major William Wall, and burned by command of Gen. Pope, during the war. His mother, who was formerly Sarah E. Wall, daughter of Major William and Elizabeth Wall, was born October 6, 1 8 18, in Rockingham County, North Carolina. They were married June 27, 1843, and to them were born three children, of whom but one is now living, M. R. Mr. A. died February 26, 1847, and his widow died August II, 1854. Our subject was thus left an orphan at the age of nine years. Dr. James W. Wall (his uncle) then took him under his care, 628 tllSTOKV OF HENRY COUNTY. and became his guardian, and he remained with that relative until he attained his majority. Falling heir to an estate of 500 acres he took charge of the same, it consisting mostly of unimpro\'ed lands. January 18, 1872, he married Miss Cerepta V., dai^ghter of Judge M. K. and Susan A. Merritt. B}' this union there were six children, of whom five are living: Walter M., born February 12, 1873; the second son died while very young; Lillian Blanch, born November 24, 1875; Mary Ida, born September 18, 1877; Milton C, born January 22, 18S0; Arthur, born August II, 1881. Mr. Amick commenced his improvements in 1874, and now has a residence that is an ornament to the fine farm it helps to adorn. He is a man of great energy, is a successful stock raiser, and his superior herd of short-horns and pure Berkshires are of the finest grade. He feeds about a car load of each annually. Himself and wife are members of the Sardis-Bethlehem Baptist Church. Politically he is a Democrat. R. L. AVERY. farmer and stock raiser, was born December 12, 1824, in White County, Tennessee, where he also received his education. His parents. Rev. Henry Avery, born October 18, 1793, in Roane County, Tennessee, and Elizabeth (Green) Avery, born November 10, 1798, in Barren County, Kentucky, were married November 10, 18 19. They had eight children, five of whom are still living, three sons and two daughters. Henry Avery at the age of nineteen enlisted under General Jackson as a pri- vate soldier," and served during the entire war of 1812. He was almost constantly with that general and on very intimate terms with him. He was engaged in general merchandising in Bibb County, Alabama, during the years 1818, 1819 and 1821, and then closing his business, was appointed secretary of state, which office he held for two years. He was for nine years occupied in farming in White County, Tennessee, and then removed to St. Louis, where he remained only a short time, when he went to Morgan County, Missouri. Li 183 1 he came to Lafayette (now Henry) County, and at that time was the only man that took a paper here, it being the Missouri Republican, published at St. Louis. He pre-empted 160 acres of land in 183 1 in Tebo Township, and in 1838 purchased 1,000 acres of the government at $1.25 per acre, and in 1839 340 more. He was ordained a minister of the gospel in May of 1834 by Revs. Ricketts, Warder and White, and continued to preach as long as strength lasted. He died September 18, 1845. The subject of this sketch soon received 220 acres of the homestead, upon which he com- menced farming at the age of twenty-one, and he has since that time continued upon it. He was for several years employed in teaching dur- ing the winter season and can show the oldest teachers certificate in the county. He m:irried Miss Venezuela Palmer, daughter of Drury and BIOGRAPHICAL. 629 Mary Palmer, (born January 8th, 1S39,) December 8th, 1857. By this union there have been six daughters and four sons, of whom three sons and two daughters survive. Mary C, born October 5th, 1858, married David Chipman, of Henry County, December 20th, 1882. Henry F., born January i8th, 1864. Serepta E., born August 27th, 1868. James W., born September 15th, 1870. Robinson E., born November 29th, 1875. Mr. Avery has remained upon the same farm fifty-one years, and was for forty years an inmate of the first dwelling house erected in the county. This house, a double log structure, was raised July i8th, 1832, by Drury Palmer, Judge Thomas Arbuckle, Rev. Henry Aveiy, John Wade, Martin Wade, and Judge William Goff Mr. Avery has a fine farm, well watered, and is one of the enterprising farmers of this district, dealing quite extensively in stock. He was a Union man during the war and did much to harmonize feeling during that period. Mrs. A. is connected with the Old School Presbyterian Church, and his views are Democratic. C. E. AND R. W. AVERY are the owners and managers of a fine 460 acre farm, and are sons of the late Hon. William L. Avery, who was born November 14, 1822, in White County, Tennessee, and who married January 17, 1843, Miss Saphronia C, daughter of Major John W. and Nancy A. Williams, of Henry County. She was born December 8, 1826, in Simpson County, Kentucky. They had nine children, seven of whom are living: Nancy Eliza- beth was born May 10, 1845, and married Mark F. Finks, October 20, 1864; Leonora A. was born August 2, 1847, and married John W. Coppage, October 23, 1867. Charles E. was born July 4. 1849, ^''"d married Miss Lelia Theressa, daughter of Judge M. B. and Susan A. Merritt, of this county. Robert W. was born June 15, 185 i; Emma O., was born Sep- tember 9, 1853, and married J. W. Wall .in August, 1873 (she died Janu- ary 7, 1876); Idora F., who was born February 4, 1855, married Nicholas Mars, December 19, 18/0, and died September 18, 1874; Mary H. was born January 28, 1857, married Peter B. Mars, October, 1874; Lillian M. was born May I, 1861, married Nicholas Mars, and now residing in Cedar County Misouri; John H. was born September 3, 1863. C. E. Avery, after attending the Calhoun and Clinton High Schools, took a course at the Missouri State University. He is a gentleman of good education and well cultured, yet altogether unassuming in manner. Robert W., his brother is assisting in the farm management. They are capable energetic young men, and rank high as farmers and raisers ot fine graded stock. They have an excellent farm upon which are good buildings, etc. This farm was settled in 1845, by their father, who although he served the county with honor to himself, and satisfaction to her people, found time, aside from legal hours, to train his sons for success in future life. 630 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. He was a prominent public man, his first office being that of county assessor, which position he filled for two years, in 1850- 1. He was next elected judge of the county court in 1852, and served for twelve years, or until the general ousting ordinance in 1864. He was again elected in 1870, as judge of the court of common pleas, and held the office for four years. In 1874 he became judge of the probate court, holding his seat until the time of his death, March 2, 1875. Politically these brothers are Democratic. ROBERT HENLEY COURTS BERRY, was born May 13, 1827, in Olham County, Kentucky, being the son of Jonathan T. Berry, born in 1776, in Henry County, Kentucky. His mother, formerl}' Eleanor M. Taylor, was born in Jefferson County, of the same state. They were married in 1825, and to them were born eleven children. Of these only four are now living, three daughters and one son. They emigrated from Kentucky to Henry County, Missouri, in 1835, and in that year Mr. B. entered a tract of land of 740 acres, mostly in Windsor,- but on the line pf that and Tebo Townships. He remained a resident of the count}- until his death, June 6, 1872. He was for many years judge of this county, and was acting judge at the out- break of the war, in 1861. Mrs. B. now resides with William R. Taj'lor, of Windsor Township. R. H. C. Berry, their only surviving son, mar- ried Miss Olivia N., daughtei of Dr. William and Ann E. Taylor, of Olham County, Kentucky. Br this union there were seven children, of whom six survive, four daughters and two sons. Eleanor C, born June 23, 1854, married William Hurt, February 6, 1883; Jonathan T., born May 22, 1856; Lawrence W., born November 11, 1857, now in New Mex- ico; Ann E., born October 5, 1859, married Benjamin Palmer, of Henry County, June 5, 1881; Virginia M., born July 2, 1862, died March 6, 1865; Olivia M., was born June 19, 1865; Lucy Alice was born January 13, 1868. In 1853 Mr. Berry purchased a farm of 160 acres in Windsor Township, and after his marriage he settled upon it, soon adding forty acres. Here he remained for nearly four years, then purchasing 353 acres. To this he has added thirty-nine acres, and he has steadily pur- sued farming since 1858. He deals in stock quite largely, and also raises it to some extent. Their daughters, Mrs. Hurt and Palmer, are members of the Baptist Church of Calhoun. His political sentiments are Democratic. JAMES H. BLACKWELL. ■ The subject of this sketch was born in Macon County, Missouri, February 19, 1834, being the third son and the fifth child of a famil}' of eight children, of William and P^iizabeth Blackwell. William Blackwell was born in Madison County, Kentucky, Januar\- 13, 1797, and was mar- BIOGRAPHICAL. . 63 1 ried September 18, 1823, to Miss Elizabeth Lynch, a native of Virginia, and daughter of Henry Lynch, a Revolutionary veteran. William Black- well immigrated to Missouri and settled in Boone County November 7, 1827, living there one year, when he went to Howard, where he resided three years. In 183 1, he removed to the territory of what is now Macon County, then a portion of Randolph, where he lived till his death, which occurred in July, 1882, in the eighty-sixth year of his age. His widow still lives on the same farm, being eighty-four years of age. Mr. Black- well well remembers the time when the country in which he was born was almost a wilderness, when it was too remote from the settlements to have what would now be termed the necessaries of life. When the few inhabitants had to go from thirty to forty miles to mill, when they could not get shoes or boots, and in consequence wore moccasins, and the men wore a great deal of dressed buckskin clothing, when nearly every man laid in his barrel of wild honey every fall from the woods, when deer, wildcats, catamounts, wolves and panthers were plentiful. He worked with his father on the farm till twenty-one years of age, receiving what education he could obtain in the common schools at odd times when he could be spared from the farm. From early boyhood he had serious religious impressions made upon his mind, to a great extent through the instrumentality of his mother, who was an earnest Meth- odist, and afterward by his father, who become a faithful Cumberland Presbyterian, aild when about thirteen years old, at an old fashioned camp meeting, made a public profession of faith, and soon after joined the M. E. Church South, of which he has lived an humble member ever since. In 1855, he started in the world for himself by teaching his first school, near Lancaster, Schuyler County, in which he succeeded well. In 1856, he taught in Howard County, and in 1857, being ambitious for higher attainments in education, entered Central College at Fayette, remaining during two sessions. In 1858, he taught school in Randolph County, and in 1859 and 1861, in Chariton County. Although Mr. Blackwell had received an early Whig training, and cast his first vote for Millard Fillmore for president, yet he had been taught that ours was a federal union, and steadfastly believed in the doctrine of state sovereignty; hence, when the southern states began to secede he doubted not their constitutional right to do so, but thought it bad policy, that it would result badly, and when the war broke out in 1861 he went with his convictions of right, rather than those of policy, and entered the army as sergeant major of Bevier's regiment, M. S. G., August 8, 1861. In February, 1862. being severely afflicted with chronic ophthalmia, he left the army for medical treatment, and came to the north- ern portion of Henry County, where he remained five months, during which time he resolved to make Henry County his home, if he should ever get through the war, where he had found such a rich, lime stone 632 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. soil, SO genial and healthful a climate, and last, but not least, such a kind hearted people, such as the Walls, the Fewells, the Averys, the Wilsons^ the Wylies and the Garretts. In August, 1862, he assisted in raising a company of men, of which he was elected first lieutenant, and was sworn into the Confederate service proper at Sutliff's Mill, in Bates County, by Colonel J. V. Cockrell August 14, 1862, and on the i6th commanded his company in the hard fought little battle of Lone Jack. Mr. B. then retreated with the Confederate forces to Arkansas, where he remained till July, 1865, (after the Confederate surrender) when he returned to his people in Macon County, broken down in health and in fortune. In 1866 he again resumed his old profession as teacher in Howard County, and so continued, receiving good wages, till October, 1867, when he returned to Henry. On the 17th of November he was married to Miss Fannie Gilbert, daughter of Samuel D. Gilbert, who had been a prominent min- ister of the Regular Baptist Church, and a granddaughter of Major Wil- liam M. Wall. Mr. Blackwell has ever since his marriage, followed farming and teaching at intervals. His marriage relation was of the happiest type, his wife being a favorite of all, till in 1875 she became a victim to consumption, and died December 20, 1876, loved and regretted by all. Mr. Blackwell remained a widower four years, and settled the farm he now occupies in 1878. December 16, 1880, he was again mar- ried to Miss Alice Owen. He is very strongly devoted to his church, taking great interest in religion and good morals, and hates trickery and dishonesty. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and of the Pat- rons of Husbandry, and in politics a Democrat. Though modest and retir- ing, he sometimes takes the stump in advocacy of any doctrine he may espouse, and in 1880 canvassed his county for the nominee of his party for representative, but was defeated. JAMES H. BRONAUGH, physician and surgeon, was born in Mason County, Virginia, October 6, 1839, a"d was a son of Thomas J. and Nancy (Henderson) Bronaugh, who were also natives of Virginia. James was the third in a family of seven children. When he was about six years old his parents moved to Henry County, Missouri, where he was reared on a farm. At the age of twenty-one he began farming for himself and continued it till June, 18^1. when he enlisted in the Windsor Guards in which he was third lieuten- ant, participating in a number of important battles. Among these were Lexington, Prairie Grove, Wilson Creek, Lone Jack and others. In May, 1865, he surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana, and afterwards returned home. Subsequently he began the study of medicine with his brother. Dr. J. W. Bronaugh, of Calhoun, reading with him till 1867, when he entered the Missouri Medical College of St. Louis. From this institu- BIOGRAPHICAL. 633 tion he was graduated in March, 1870, after which he located at Coles- burg for six months. Since that time he has continued his practice in Calhoun and is here known as one of the prominent physicians of Henry County. He is also a large land holder. Having returned from the war a penniless man, what he now owns he has accumulated by his energy and business tact. December 25, 1868, the doctor was married to Miss- Leona C. Knox, a native of Henry County, Missouri. They have four children living: Bessie, Lillie M., John K. and Thomas, having lost one child. He and his wife are members of the Old School Presbyterian Church. He is also a leading constituent of the A. O. U. W. fraternity. JAMES D. BURNS was born in Warsaw, Benton County, Missouri, April 10, 1858, and was the son of James Burns, who was a merchant of that town for a number of years. He was a native of Missouri and was killed at the battle of Jenkins' Ferry. The mother of James D., also a native of Missouri, was formerly Eliza McNeala. When the subject of this sketch was three years old his parents removed on a farm, where he was reared, being educated in the common schools. He remained on the farm until 1880,. then went to Windsor and began to work at the tinner's trade, for Cal- bow & Lewis. After about six months they opened a branch house at Calhoun and he took charge of the business for them, and is now man- aging it to the entire satisfaction of his employers. Mr. Burns is a member of the M. E. Church, South. He is N. G. of the I. O. O. F. fra- ternity at this place. WILLIAM BUSH, city marshal of Calhoun, was born October 10, 1831, in Tippecanoe County Indiana, and was the son of Abraham and Mary B. (Tullisj Bush,, both natives of Ohio, the former having been born in Logan County in 1815, and the later in 181S. They were married in 1829, and had four children, of whom William is the only surviving child. The senior Bush died in Indiana in 1836, after having lived there six years. In 1837 his widow married Richard Bush, and by this marriage there were four sons and three daughters. Of these two sons and two daughters are living. Mrs. B. died in May, 1873; she had made her home with her son for two years previous to this date. Our subject started in 'ife for himself at the age of fifteen years as a farm laborer, continuing that occupation until the opening of the war. In February, 1862, he enlisted as private in Company F., Eighth Missouri Cavalry, commanded by R. H. Mel- ton, captain, and Joseph J. McClurg, colonel. He was appointed ser- geant in March, 1862, and held this position until the close of the war, being mustered out of service March 31, 1865, and regularly discharged \ 634 HISTOR\ OF HENRY COUNTY. at Springfield, Missouri. He received a wound in a battle at Warsaw. In 1843 Mr. Bush removed from Indiana to Illinois; in 1844 came to Mis- souri; in 1846 went to Iowa, and in 185 i returned to Missouri and has since resided in Henry and Benton Counties. In 1866 he was appointed deputy sheriff under Harrison Mitchell, and held that position for three years. In 1868, purchasing a farm in Lindsay Township, Benton Count}-, he gave his attention to agricultural pursuits for four years, when, sell- ing this property, he, in the spring of 1872, engaged in the construction of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, now the Sedalia Branch (narrow guage). After four months, he entered the employ of the Missouri Pacific Rail- road, and eighteen months later suspended work on account of failing health, then going to Brownville, Saline County. He remained there for six years. After his return to Calhoun he was appointed city marshal in the spring of 1880, and is now acceptably discharging the duties of that office. Mr. Bush was married January 17, 1856, to Miss Elizabeth Graham, of Benton County. They have had four sons : John W., born July 25, 1858, died September 25, following; James T., born July 22, 1859, married Miss Alice Motsinger; William N., born February 15, 1862; and Charles E., born April 7, 1866. Mr. B. is connected with the M. E. Church. In politics he is a Republican. EMANUEL BUSHNELL was born in Rockingham County, Virginia, July 21, 1827. William Bushnell, his father, a carriage maker by trade, was born March 22, 1787, in Saybrook, Connecticut, and on May 29, 1817, married Miss Polly Harnsberger, daughter of Adam and Catherine Harnsberger. She was also born in Rockingham County, December 3, 1788. They had five children, four sons and one daughter, of whom Emanuel is the only sur- viving child. They both lived in Virginia until their deaths, Mr. B. dying February 20, 1845, and his widow August 8, 185 1. Young Bush- nell obtained a good practical schooling in youth, and at the age of fourteen years commenced life for himself In 1854 he emigrated to Henry County, Missouri, landing at Calhoun on April 19, and with him came his sister, Mary Ann. They brought a colored family consisting of seven persons, and Mr. B. made his home for sometime with an older brother who had preceded him to Missouri in an early day. October 30, 1855 he was married to Miss Mary E. F. Watson, daughter of John and Ellen Watson, of Boston, Massachusetts, where she was born March 14, 1836. They have had six children, three sons and three daughters: William Tupper, born August 12, 1856, died June 22, 1882, soon after having graduated from the Missouri Medical College, in the class of 188 1-2; John Archibald, born April 17, 1859, ^"<^ ''^ow in the mercantile establishment of J. W. Keyser, at Calhoun; Richard Ira, born March 25, BIOGRAPHICAL. 635 1861, and died in February following; Mary Ann, born March 28, 1863, married E. H. Fox, of Henry County; Eleanor L., born September 6, 1870; and Virginia A., born June 3, 1872. For nearly four years Mr. Bushnell was engaged with his brother J. A. as salesman. In the fall of 1857 he purchased a tract of 240 acres, known as the Brummetfarm, and continued farming until the outbreak of the war. Since then he has been a resident of Calhoun and for the last four years has acted as city collector. Since 1870 he has been more or less of the time a member of the school board. He belongs to Calhoun Lodge No. 409, I. O. O. F. His wife is connected with the Presbyterian Church. Politically he is a Democrat. • JOHN A. BUSHNELL. The subject of this sketch was born in Calhoun, Henr}- County, Missouri, April 17, 1859, ^"^ "was the son of Emanuel and Mary (Wat- son,) Ikishnell. John A. was raised to manhood in this county, and re- ceived his education in the public schools. In 1872 he graduated at Eastman's Commercial College of New York, after which he acted as salesman in different stores in Calhoun until 1879. Then he embarked in the mercantile business with Mr. Squires, they doing a large and suc- cessful business until August, 1880, when they sold out to Mr. Keyser. Mr. Bushnell has since remained with him as head salesman. He is a member of the Old School Presbyterian Church. He is Past Grand of Calhoun Lodge, No. 409 of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. WILLIAM C. BUTLER, dealer in furniture and hardware, is the son of John B. Butler, Esq., a native of Germany, and by occupation a shoemaker. His mother, whose maiden name was E^liza A. Short, was born in Missouri. William C. Butler was born in Calhoun, Henry County, Missouri, November 4, 1S62. While he was but an infant his parents moved to Benton County, and he received his education in that county, and at Palmyra. After complet- ing it he followed farming in Benton County till 1882, when he began business in Calhoun. Now he has one of the finest stores in the place, and is doing a thriving business. He is a member of the M. E. Church South. Mr. Butler was married June 22, 1882, to Emma E. McEntire, of Benton County, Missouri. J. G. CALLISON, is the proprietor of Locust Grove Farm, section 35 ; was born October 17, 1854, in Lafayette County, Missouri, and was the son of David N. and Louisa H. (Oglesby,) Callison. The former died while J. G. was but five years of age, and the latter now resides in Missouri. Of their 636 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. family one son and a daughter only survive. For two years, our subject was a student at Columbia College, after which he commenced giving his attention to farming and stock raising. He is one of the most thorough agriculturists in the county, and though a young man, fully understands his chosen calling. His farm, containing 500 acres, is located about 7 miles northwest of Calhoun, and he raises about 10,000 bushels of corn and 800 bushels of wheat annually. He also feeds a quantity of stock, and has some fine colts of the Hambletonian breed. His residence is situated on a slight elevation, commanding a good view of the surrounding country, the city of Windsor appearing in the dis- tance, and everything about the place indicates the successful and pro- gressive farmer. May 17, 1877, Mr. Callison was married to Miss Hildred R. Wall, daughter of Wm. J. and Martha Wall, of this county, she having been born June i, 1856. They have three sons: George F., born April 16, 1878 ; Sterling M., born August 13, 1879, and John G., born June 27, 1881. Politically Mr. C. is a Democrat. He is a member of the " County Line Church" of the Baptist denomination, and also belongs to Cold Spring Lodge, No. 274, of Johnson County. ANDREW H. CLARK, farmer, stock raiser and wagon maker, was born in the state of Kentucky, as were also his parents, Andrew R. and Hannah Y. (OwsleyJ Clark. They were born in 1826, and to them were born eleven children, of whom eight — five daughters and three sons, are now living. In 1835, leaving Kentucky, they came to Johnson County, Missouri, and purchased 160 acres of land, improved it, and after three years or in 1838, removed to Henry County. The senior Clark bought 320 acres of timber and prairie land, now known as the Hanger Farm, remained upon it until 1858, when he sold that property and took up his location three miles south, on a one hundred acre tract. This was his home until his death, which occurred in January, 1863. His widow died in November, 1864. Andrew H. Clarke, bought his first farm in this township in 1856, consisting of eighty acres, living upon it until 1865, when through misfortune he lost it. He removed into Calhoun, where he engaged in wagon making, apph'ing himself for thirteen years, and in 1878, he again purchased eighty acres of land and resumed agricultural pursuits. He is a man possessed of an indomitable will and energy, and now has in course of erection a fine residence. Mr. Clark, his wife and three daughters are connected with the First Baptist Church of Calhoun. Politically he is a Democrat. JOHN W. COPPAGE, proprietor of "Pleasant Valley" farm, was born in Clinton, Henry County, Missouri, October 19, 1844, being the son of William Coppage, BIOGRAPHICAL. 637 a farmer and tailor by occupation, born December 17, 18 ii, in Culpeper County, Virginia. He emigrated to Howard County, Missouri, in 1834, removing thence to Henry (Rives) County in 1836, and February 7, 1837, he married Miss Nancy Jennings. She was born November 2, 1818, in Tennessee, and in 1835 accompanied her parents to Henry County. They had six children, Thersa Jane, born February 22, 1839, now Mrs. B. P. Anderson; Mary S., born March 24, 1842, wife of A. J. Bailey; William T., born February 19, 1849, died December 7, following; Vir- ginia L., born November 17, 1850, died at the age of eight years, and Louis J., born May 9, 1855, died October 12, 1882. Mr. William Cop- page died May 28, 1877, and his widow December 14, 1879. For more than forty years they were esteemed residents of this county, and he had been an active business man up to 1866, when he retired to settle upon his fine farm. The subject of this sketch was married October 23, 1867, to Miss Lenora A. Avery, who was born August 2, 1847, in this county, she being the daughter of Judge William L. and Sophronia Avery. To them were born nine children: William Otis, born April i, 1870, died October ii, 1871; Lena Opal, born September 14, 1871; Harley T., born November 29, 1872; John O.. born April i, 1874; Ida L., born June 15, 1875; Clara E., born September 5, 1877; Horace M., born February i, 1879, died August 7, 1880; Owen C, born September 20, 1880, and Fisher, bprn February S, 1882, died January 23, 1883. Mr. Coppage received as an inheritance from his father's estate i5o acres of land, to which he has added twenty acres. This valuable property is located about six miles northwest of Calhoun, and upon it he raises good graded stock, having some fine grades of Cotswold and South- down sheep. During the war he enlisted in the first company raised in the county, Captain Owen commanding, and was in several hard fought battles. After six months the company was disbanded, and he then re-enlisted in the Confederate service under General Joe Shelby, his first battle then being at Newtonia, Missouri. He was twice made prisoner and paroled, finally surrendered at the close of the war at Memphis. Mr. and Mrs. C. are members of the M. E. Church South. Politically he is Democratic. W. P. DAMRON, manufacturer of and dealer in stoneware, was born in Macomb, McDo- nough County, Illinois, October 31, 1856, and was the son of William H. Damron, a native of Kentucky, who went to Illinois about the year 1830, where he married Miss Susie Pace, of that state. The subject of this sketch was the second of a family of seven children. His youth was spent in his native town and he received his education in the pub- lic schools of Illinois, supplemented by attendance at the Gem City Business College, at Ouincy, from whence he graduated in 1876. When 638 HISTORY O]^ HENRV COUNTY. fourteen years old he entered a dry goods house in Macomb and held the position of salesman and bookkeeper until 1881, except during the time when he was attending commercial college. In March, 1881, he removed to Calhoun, Henry County, Missouri, and became engaged in the manufacture of stoneware, under the firm name of Damron & Miller. They have a large patronage, employ about fifteen workmen and have two traveling salesmen. This ware is as good as any in the state and they were the first firm west of the Mississippi to manufacture round bottom pans. Mr. D. is a member of the A. O. U. W. He was married May 15, 1879, to Miss Edna B. Bonham, a native of Illinois. They have one child, Frank. J. T. DAWSON, of the firm of Dawson & Son, manufacturers of stone ware, owes his nativ- ity to Holmes County, Ohio, where he was born, March 24, 1855, being the son of J. L. and Sarah (Price) Dawson, natives of the Buckeye state. J. F., the fifth child in the family of six children, accompanied his par- ents to Henry County, Missouri, in 1867, receiving his education in the two states. He followed farming till 1S76, since which time he has been engaged in his present business, having about the largest establishment of that kind in Calhoun, and furnishing employment to a large force of men. R. Z. FKWELL, the owner of a farm of 500 acres and an extensive stock breeder and feeder, was born March 9, 1827, in Rockingham County, North Carolina. His father, Wm. Fewell, was born in 1792, in Culpeper County, Virginia, and at the age of 21 years left his native state and located in Chillicothe, where for a year he was engaged in teaching. Returning to Rocking- ham County, he was elected clerk of the County Court for a term of four years. The mother qf R. Z., formerly Elizabeth D. Wall, daughter of Richard and Susan Wall, of Rockingham County, North Carolina, was born about the year 1796. They were married near 1814, and had seven daughters and two sons, of whom three daughters and one son survive: Richard Z., Elvira A., the wife of William T. Wilson, of Henry County; Elizabeth D., now residing with William P. Millner, of this county, and M. Rebecca, wife of William P. Millner. Richard Z. Fewell married Miss P^lizabeth H., daughter of Johnson and Amy R. Crawford, of Rockingham Count3^ North Carolina. There have been born to them eleven children, of whom there are ten living: Robert H., born May 8, 1849 ; '^^'^s assassinated at the age of 33 years in Sedalia, leaving a wife and two sons ; Varona M., born December 11, 1854, and married Au- gustus E. Stone, of Henry County, September 14, 1871 ; Elizabeth A., born March 8, 1854; William C, born January 22, 1856, and married BIOGRAPHICAL. 639 Miss Mahala Green, of Henry County; Eugene E., born April 16, 1858 ; Louisa B., born July 7, 1861 ; Richard P., born August 12, 1866; Luther J., born December 15, 1S68; Annie C, born May 25, 1870; Lee H., born March 2, 1S72, and Emma F., born January 22, 1874. Mrs. Wm. Fewell died September 28, 1844. In 1845 Mr. Fewell married Mrs. Sarah T. Lindsay, the widow of Reuben Lindsay, of North Carolina. In 1849 the family emigrated to Henry County, Missouri. Mr. F. had long owned a tract of land here, and upon coming to the state, he bought the Major J. W. Williams farm. To his son Richard Z. he gave the former, and with his family settled upon the latter. He was for 18 years a resident of this county, an extensive farmer and highl}- re- spected. He was for many years a member of the Sardis-Bethlehem Church. He died in 1868. R. Z. Fewell, since 1849, has been engaged in farming upon the farm he first settled. He has a large, commodious residence, erected 1859-60-61. In 1851 he was elected a major in the army, serving in that capacity until the opening of the war. He has made many distributions of land among his children, but has reserved a farm of 500 acres for himself. ^ He is connected with the A. F. and A. M. order. Politically he is a Democrat. NEWTON N. FEWELL, farmer and stock raiser, was born September 26, 1844, in Missouri. His father, Benjamin C. Fewell, who was born in Tennessee, July 18, 1817, was married July 13, i8zj.i, to Miss Thursa Merritt, born May i, 1821. Newton was one of a family of nine children, of whom three besides himself survive: Milton C, Benjamin J. and Sylvester A., all being married. In October, 1841, the family emigrated from Tennessee to Henry County, Missouri, and have since been among its prominent citizens. Mr. F. purchased the farm which he now occupies, in 1852. He has divided the greater part of his property among his sons but now retains 120 acres on section 9, of this township. He and his wife have for many years been identified with the Sardis-Bethlehem Baptist Church. In his political preferences he is democratic. Mr. N. C. Fewlll is one of the most progressive agriculturists of this county and also deals quite exten- sively in cattle and other stock. Upon his farm^ is quite a fine coal bed. Like his father, he is a Democrat. JOHN J. GOODRICT, senior member of the firm of Goodrict & Kensinger, proprietors of the flouring mill of Calhoun, was born in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, December 17, 1848. His parents were Charles and C. A. (Buck) Good- rict, the former a native of Vermont and the latter of Connecticut. John J. was reared on his father's farm in Wisconsin, obtaining a common 640 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. school education. In 1869 he went to California, where he followed teaming until 1870. Coming to Henry County, Missouri, he was engaged in running a saw mill till 1878, when he erected his present mill at Cal- houn. In April, 188 1, he was married to Ella Lehman, a native of Ohio. They have one child, Nannie. Messrs. Goodrict & Kensinger have endeavored to do much to advance the quality of flour in this vicinity and in this undertaking have succeeded admirably, and their manufac- ture finds a ready sale. EZEKIEL S. GOODRICH, farmer and stock raiser, was born October 23d, 18 18, in Madison County, New York, and was the son of josiah Goodrich, born September 2d, 1789, in Vermont, and Hepswath (Lovell) Goodrich, born December 15th, 1786, also in that state. They were married in November, of 1810, and had eleven children, of whom five are living. In the spring of 18 16 they emigrated from their native state, and Mr. G. took up an Indian lease from the Stockbridge tribe, in Stockbridge, Madison County, New York, 100 acres, which he improved and ultimately bought. He remained there until 1827, when he sold it, and purchased ninety acres of the same tribe, which he also improved. After living upon it for several years he again sold out and removed to Vernon, Oneida County, but two years later disposed of this property and bought fifty acres, upon which he made his home until 1844. Selling it, he emigrated to Wisconsin, while it was still a territory. They obtained a tract of 160 acres, in Oakland, Jeff- erson County, and there Mr. G. died October 2d, 1865. He had been for a long time in feeble health, and was found dead in his bed one morning. He had lived for years with his son Ezekiel S. The subject of this sketch married Miss Lucinda Goodrich, daughter of Charles and Clarisa Good- rich, of Oakland, Jefferson County, Wisconsin, December 30th, 1852. They had eight children, of whom there are six living, three sons and three daughters. Emily, who died at the age of 15, was born October I2th, 1853. Nancy G. was born December ist, 1854, and died December 25th, 1881. Lillian G. was born October 30th, 1857, at home. Lucinda and Clarinda, twins, born July 5th, 1859. Henry Charles born October 6th, 1863. Hall G. born July nth, 1867, and Perry Leigh was born May 3d, 1876. Mr. Goodrich, in 1850, in companj^ with five others, started from Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin, on an overland trip for the gold regions ■of California. In the outstart they provided themselves with two good wagons and seven horses and, although la}'ing in a large supply of feed and provisions, were compelled to leave two of their horses in the midst of the great desert, between Humboldt and Carson River, from want of food and water. The\' took, in starting 1,000 pounds of hard tack, designed for horse feed, but finding m.an)- j^erishing emigrants along the BIOGRAPHICAL. 64I route at these points divided their substance among them to prevent starvation. They succeeded in reaching the summit of the Sierra Nevada, and there, partaking- of their very last meal of supplies, were met by a train sent out from Sacramento with supplies of relief for the perishing ones behind them. They reached their destination unaided, and went to work to carve out their fortunes. At Hangtown the party separated. Mr. Goodrich taking one of them, Joel Ives, as partner, started with the two remaining horses for Sacramento, at which place they arrived on the 15th day of July, 1850, after five months wearisome travel. The five reached their destination, with one more who had joined the expedi- tion at St. Joseph, Missouri. Mr. Goodrich and Mr. Ives worked until August, when the latter sickened and died. Mr. G. remained but little more than a year, establishing a ranch and keeping supplies for miners, in connection with his other business. He bade farewell to the land of gold about the middle of November, 185 1, taking homeward passage on a sail vessel for San Juan, on the Nicarauga route, arriving at New York about the 20th of January. Upon reaching his home in Wisconsin he resumed farming on the old place, where he remained until 1869, when he sold his property in Wisconsin and made arrangements for a perma- nent home in Missouri. In that year he bought a portable saw mill and •erected it on the Tebo, near Calhoun, which he operated for about eight years. In 1871 he bought eighty acres of land near Calhoun, and moving his family settled upon it, still continuing to operate the mill until 1878, He then built a grist mill in Calhoun, which he still owns, in company with a partner, the style of the firm being Goodrich & Medberry. It is the only grist mill in the place. He now has 160 acres of beautiful farm, with fine buildings, and is one of the leading farmers of his neigh- borhood. His politics are Republican. He has one son connected with the Presbyterian Church of Calhoun. DR. J. W. GRAY, physician and surgeon at Calhoun, was born in Tebo Township, Henry County, Missouri, January 9, 1845. His father is W. A. Gray, a Baptist minister and a native of Kentucky, and his mother's maiden name was Mary Lofftus, also a Kentuckian by birth. J. W. was the fourth child in a family of twelve children. He was reared as a farmer, obtaining an education in the common schools and when seventeen years old he accepted a situation as clerk in a store at Windsor, which position he held till 1865. Going to St. Louis he studied dentistry for one year and afterwards returned to Windsor where he practiced dentistry and pros- ecuted the study of medicine. In 1870 he attended medical lectures at St. Louis one term then came again to Windsor and practiced both dent- istry and medicine till 1876. In the same year he was graduated from 41 642 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. the Keokuk Medical Collegr*. of Keokuk, Iowa, since which time he has followed his profession at Calhoun. He is a member of the Baptist Church and also belongs to the Masonic fraternity. May i, 1876, Dr. Gray was married to Miss Ada Munn, of Illinois. W. H. GUTRIDGE, druggist and dealer in druggist's sundries, a native of Lincoln County, Ohio, born March 17, 1830, and was asonof Payton and Elizabeth (Harbert) Gutridge, who were born in Ohio. W. H. was the eldest of a family of five children. When he was about three years old his parents removed to Missouri and located in Bates County, where he grew to manhood on a farm, receiving his education in the common schools. In 1847 he came to Calhoun, and followed farming till 1866, since which time he has been engaged in the drug trade, and in which he has been very successful. He is now one of the leading business men of the town. He is a mem- ber of Calhoun Lodge, No. 184, A. F. & A. M. July, 11, 1855, Mr. G. was married to Miss Delia Buster, a Virginian by birth. The}' have three children living: Edward B., Euphtus and James A. THOMAS J. HASTAIN, the owner of a fine farm of 243 acres about four miles northwest of Cal- houn, is an enterprising farmer and stock grower. He was born March 20, 1841, in the township where he now resides. His father, Daniel M. Hastain, was born December 25, 1808, in White County, Tennessee, while his mother, whose maiden name was Martha J. Wade, and a daughter of Dr. Wade, of Henry County, Missouri, was born in Cum- berland County, Kentucky. They had nine children, six daughters and three sons, of whom six are still living. One daughter, Susan M., was born February 23, 1844, and married George W. Pigg, of Henry County, October 12, 1861, and to them were born seven children, five sons and two daughters, of whom four survive, two sons and two daughters. Thomas J. Hastain commenced life for himself at the age of sixteen years, when he took charge of his father's farm, consisting at the time of 720 acres, located in Tebo. The senior Hastain at that time was pro- prietor of a hotel at Warsaw, which he had just purchased. He has had the principal management of the farm since then and a part of it he still owns, and now resides upon. November 6, 1877 he married Miss Sally M. daughter of Seymore and Julia A. Stone, of Henry County, They have one son, Thomas Stone, born September 30, 1878. Mr. Has- tain received for his services rendered upon the estate, ninety-five acres of the same, and subsequently bought 108 acres at one time and forty at another, holding now a tract of as fine land as can be found in his BIOGRAPHICAL. 6^3 locality. He is quite extensively engaged in farming operations, and deals largely in stock, horses, mules, and fine grades of cattle, hogs, etc. Although comparatively a young man, he has from long experience ren-- dered himself thoroughly competent to manage successfully his farn:> and all the legitimate business in connection therewith. He gives his- attention to his own business and this is to a certain extent the secret of his success. He is connected with the A. F. & A. M., belonging tc" Lodge No. 184, Calhoun ; also Clinton Royal Arch Chapter No. y^, and is one of the Patrons of Husbandry Grange No. 1064, of Cal- houn. Mrs. H. is identified with the Missionary Baptist Church oi' Calhoun. His political views are Democratic C. A. HILL, wagon maker and blacksmith, was born in Carroll County, Virginia;, March 15, 1819, and was a son ot William Hill, a Virginian by births who also followed that trade. His mother, formerly Hannah Anthony,, was a native of Virginia. When C. A. was twelve years of age his- parents moved to Centerville, Wayne, County, Indiana, where he was reared to manhood and received his education, there also learning his. trade in the wagon shop of his father. At the age of twenty-two he began to learn the blacksmith trade, following both of these occupa- tions in Indiana until 1865, when he moved to his present location. Here he has since carried on his business. He is a member of the Christian Church, and belongs to the Masonic fraternity. In April, 1845-, Mr. Hill was married to Miss Sallie Wilson, a native of Kentucky. The;^ have four children, William, John, George and Sallie M. NATHAN HINKLE, farmer and stock raiser was borr. September 21, 1852, in St. Clair County, Missouri, while his brother, Elisha Hinkle, was born November 18, 1858, in the same county. Both have acquired a good, practical English education. Their father, Mellville D. Hinkle, a farmer and' stock raiser by occupation, was born December 11, 1813. in Cumberlanci County, Kentucky, and married September 22, 1835, Miss Elizabetb Smith, who was born October 10, 1815, in Pulaski County, of that state They had nine children: Thirsa Ann, was born October 20, 1836, and' married William ToWns, of St. Clair County, June 29, 1853, dying March 21, 1855; George W. born May i, 1838, married Miss Phelps, of Cumberland' County, Kentucky; William McDonald, born March 29, 1840, died March 3.. 1845; Jane H. born October 9, 1842, died during the war. Hannah T. was* born February 24, 1845, and married Wilson Arnold, of St. Clair County;. Octavia, was born April 10, 1848, and married James P. Hastain, of' 644 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Henry County. John R. was born October 3, 1850, and married Miss Sally Crabtrce, also of this county. Nathan and Elisha Hinkle are the joint owners of 200 acres of fine farming land in this township, and here their parents reside with them. Though young men they possess the thrift, energy and ambition so necessary for success in farming. In 18S2, they completed a fine residence upon their farm. Elisha Hinkle is con- nected with the M. E. Church, South, Hickory Grove, of Tebo, Henry County. The mother's religious preferences are also with that church. They are Democratic in their political views. MRS. ELLEN HUKELL, daughter of Jacob and Eleanor Chastain, was born in Logan County, Kentucky, August 9, 1836. In April, 1837, she accompanied her parents to Benton County, Missouri, they settling near Warsaw, where her father entered a tract of 360 acres. Upon this he settled, occupying it until 1873 when he gave a portion of the land to his son, and exchanged the remainder for property in Springfield Township, Henry County. He died October 17, 1874, leaving besides his widow, three children to mourn his loss : John H., Susan A. and Ellen. The latter was married January 28, 1854, to Mortimer Hukell, who was born in 1817 in Ken- tucky. His early youth was passed there and at the age of seventeen he moved to Bourbon County, which was his home for four years. He came to Henry County, Missouri, in 1838, and subsequently, in company with J. C. McDaniel, improved a farm four miles southeast of Calhoun. In 1844 he married Miss E. Parazette and to them were born two child- ren, one of whom now survives, she now being the wife of Henry Dod- son, a resident of Kansas, and ex-sheriff of this county. In 1849 Mr. H. went overland to California, remaining there for three years. He returned but subsequently visited the same locality in the spring of 1853, retrac- ing his steps to Missouri the same year. His first wife died in 1847, ^"^1 he remained a widower until his marriage to Miss Chastain. They had ,a family of four daughters and two sons, of whom there are now living : Amanda L., born March 26, 1859, married E. B. Gutridge,. October 5, \i88o; Jacob A., conductor on the Missouri Pacific Railroad; Kate L., born April 26, 1864, and Bud, born September 18, 1866. Mr. H. died July 30, 1881, and from numerous newspaper articles written at his death we find that though prosperous in early life, and in possession of a for- tune at the commencement of the war, he, like others, met with reverses during that conflict, which swept away a greater portion of his property, after which he resided in Calhoun. He was a man of generous impulses, ever ready to afford help to the needy, and the esteem in who he was held was manifested by the large concourse of friends which attended his funeral, Mrs. Hukell now resides with her aged mother. She is a II BIOGRAPHICAL. 645 member of the Christian Church. Mrs. Chastain still owns a fine farm of 100 acres in Springfield Township. She is one of the constituent mem- bers of the Clear Creek Baptist Church. GILBERT HUDSON was born June 13, 1833, in Rush Township, Champaign County, Ohio, being the son of Shapley F. and Sarah (Cooper,) Hudson. The former^ a farmer and a stock raiser by occupation, was born April, 1805, and the latter, originally from New Jersey, October 15, 1807. They were mar- ried in 1832, and had seven children, of whom three daughters and a son are living. When a young man, Shapley Hudson went to Ohio, where he was engaged as foreman or overseer of the building of the Ohio canal for two years, being one of the first to make a trip upon that canal from Chillicothe to the terminus. Later, he was occupied in the construction of the National pike, and remained with the company until the completion of the road. Purchasing a tract of 300 acres of land in Champaign County, he gave his attention to agricultural pursuits for three years, sold his farm and moved to Auglaize County, same state. He resided upon a farm of 120 acres until 1856, when, going to Iowa, he leased a flouring mill, which he conducted until his death, April lO^ 1862. Mrs. Hudson now resides in Hardin County, and though 76 years of age, is still strong and in good health. Our subject was married March 2, 1854, to Miss Margaretta A. Suder, of Hardin County. They have six children : Minerva, born December 4, 1854; William H., born No- vember 6, 1856, and married Miss Lucy A. Hoover, of St. Clair County, July 17, 1875 ; Minda A., born February 25, 1858, married Cleveland Ballew, of this county, December 25, 1879; Dorinda A., born November 26, 185Q; John Shapley, born August 15, 1861, and Nancy E. S., born December 3, 1863. Dorinda was married December 25, i88i,to Edward Spivey, of Henry County. He was at work as eager in the employ of the Osage Coal Company at Lewis Station, and in January, 1882, met with an accident by falling 126 feet. He survived but 96 hours, dying on' the 8th inst. In 1865 Mr. Hudson, leaving Ohio, came to Missouri and purchased his present farm in 1866. He has 108 acres of fine bottom land, a part of which is within the corporation of Calhoun. He does considerable in the threshing business and has one of the Nichols & Sheppard's machines with a capacity of 600 bushels, and a Kinglan- Ferguson corn sheller. He is a member of the A. F. and A. M. fraternity. Politically he is a Democrat. Mrs. H. is connected with the Christian; Church. G. A. JEGGLIN is an extensive manufacturer of stoneware. The subject of this sketch was born in Boonville, Missouri, April 2, 1856. His father, John M.. f646 HISTORY OF henry county. Jegglin, a native of England, has been a large manufacturer of stone- •ware in Boonville for a number of years. His mother's maiden name iwas Anna M. Balliger. G. A. was the second of a family of lour child- u'cn. His youth was spent in Boonville in attending the public schools, j and he worked with his father until 1875. when he went to Marshall and ■ <:lerked in a store for fifteen months. Returning to his birthplace he j remained until becoming proficient in his present business. He worked 5even months at Palmyra, Missouri, and in 1880 came to Calhoun, where he labored at his trade until 188 1, then engaging in the business. This has rapidly increased from the start, and he now has in his employ about ten men, his ware finding a ready sale in Missouri and Kansas. L. L. KENSINGER, ! a member of the extensive milling firm of Goodrict & Kensinger, was j born in Miami County, Ohio, September 20, 1852. He is a son of E. S. I and Mary (Eller) Kensinger, natives of Ohio, and was the eldest of four I children. His youth was divided between working on a farm and attend- ■ ing the common schools, up to the age of sixteen, when he was occupied I in a mill at Covington. Ohio. He continued the milling business in i ■different parts Of Ohio till 1878, and then moved to Clinton, Henry County, Missouri, where he was employed in a mill one year. Since that time he has resided in Calhoun. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. -fraternity. Mr. K. was united in marriage June 22, 1880, to Miss E. E. .Lehman, who was born in Ohio. They have one child, Luther C. J. F. KEYSER, •dealer in groceries, was born in Page County, Virginia, July 23, 1833, and was a son of Andrew and Mary (Braubaker,) Keyser, also Vir- ginians by birth. His paternal grandfather was a soldier in the revolu- lionary war. J. F. was reared on a farm and educated in the subscrip- tion schools of his native state. In 1853 he went to California, where ilie was engaged in mining for 7 years, then returning to Virginia. In .April, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, loth Virginia Cavalry and par- ticipated in many important battles, receiving two severe wounds. In .1866 he emigrated to Cooper County, Missouri, where he resided till ?88o, (except one year while in California,) subsequently coming to Calhoun, Henry County, and here he has since resided, occupied in business. He is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Keyser was married January 23, 1866, to Miss Susie F. Williams, a native of Vir- ginia, by whom he has two children — William Frank and Maggie E. J \ ^' V ' <^Lj2^ BIOGRAPHICAL. 647 J. P. LEGG, owner and proprietor of a fine farm, comprising nearly 1,000 acres, located about three miles northwest of Calhoun, was born September 18, 1837, in Tebo Township, Henry County, Missouri. His father, Archibald C. Legg, was born September 12, 1804, in Greenbrier County, Virginia, and his mother, formerly Ann C. Cecil, was born October 2, 18 13, in Mont- gomery County, West Virginia. They were married December 23, 1834, and to them were born three children, two of whom are living. William T. was born September 13, 1835, and in January, 1861, married Miss Mary F. Thompson, of Jackson County, Missouri. He died December 26, 1872. Mary E. was born October 17, 1839, ^^^ is a resident of Henry County. Archibald C. Legg emigrated from his native state to Saline County, Missouri, in 1830, where he first bought eighty acres of land, and some village property, consisting of houses and building lots. He remained there for two years, engaged in merchandising, when he turned his attention to freighting, plying the trade between St. Louis and Santa Fe, New Mexico. Discontinuing that business at the expi- ration of two years, he settled again in Missouri, this time in Henry County, in 1836, He bought at first 160 acres in Tebo Township, and subsequently added to it, until he became one of the largest land own- ers in the county." He was one of the earliest pioneers here, and was for more than forty years identified with the growth and prosperity of the county. He seemed to be prospered in every avocation in life, and though for years afflicted with deafness, and toward the close of life with paralysis, he was a genial, pleasant man in the society with which he mingled. During the late war he was a Union man. He died July 15, 1879. His widow now lives with her only son, who conducts for her the affairs of the estate, in connection with his own farm. John P. Legg commenced life for himself at the age of twenty-one years. He mar- ried Miss Mary J. Finks December 13, 1858. She was the daughter of Captain Mark and Eliza Finks, of Henry County. By this union there were ten children, seven daughters and three sons, of whom eight sur- vive. Etta A. was born June 30, 1862, and died July 19, 1872; James A. was born May 25, 1864; Minnie F. was born December 13, 1866; Anna E. was born August 28, 1867; Mary J. was born February 15, 1869; Willie C. was born April 25, 1870; Clara B. was born April 20, 1872, and died August 16, 1875; Charles M. was born August 9, 1874; John H. was born July 19, 1876; Katy was born March i, 1878. Mr. Legg has for more than twenty years been engaged in farming and the raising and handling of stock. He has an estate second to none in this county, well watered, etc. He also has good timber lands. In the raising of stock Mr. L. takes great interest, especially in the Short Horn Durham breed. He has a number of well bred calves in the line of Short Horn 648 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. registered stock, and raises graded stock for the Texas market. In his transactions he is peculiarly fortunate. In order to provide water for his cattle he has recently been occupied in sinking a well shaft. Coal is abundant on his farm. His workmen, at the depth of forty feet,, passed through a fine vein of coal three and a half feet in thickness, at at depth of sixty feet four and a half feet, and still another of three feet at ninety feet below the surface, with an abundance of rock and slating for roofing purposes. At a depth of 180 feet a magnesian rock of more than thirty feet in thickness was found. Mr. Legg is Democratic in pol- itics. He belongs to the A. F. & A. M. and A. O. U. W. fraternities, having joined the former in 1869, and the latter in 1881. MAX McCANN, druggist, was born in Zanesville, Ohio, March 14, 1846, his father being Samuel McCann, a native of Pennsylvania. In 1816 he removed to Ohior and married Miss Caroline Irvin, originally from New Jersey. They had a family of twelve children, of whom the subject of this sketch was the sixth child. He was reared and educated in Ohio, and at the age of seventeen years began school teaching there, which he followed for fifteen years. In 1867 he removed to Henry County, Missouri, and settled at Shawnee Mound. He taught school in different parts of the county until 1881, when he engaged in the drug business at Calhoun, which he has since successfully continued. In September, 1878, Mr. McCann was appointed county school commissioner, and held the office until the spring following. He is a member of Calhoun Lodge, No. 184, A. F. & A. M. Novem.ber 5, 1877, he was married to Miss Bettie Givens, a native of Henry County. They have one child, Allen. Mr. and Mrs. McCann are members of the Presbyterian Church. JOHN W. MORGAN, one of Calhoun's most enterprising business men was a son of Jonathan and Nancy (Simpson) Morgan, who were both natives of Virginia- John was the ninth child of the family, which consisted of twelve child- ren and was born in Warren County, Kentucky, January 26, 1843. He was educated in the common schools of his native county and at Louis- ville. At the age of twenty he accepted a situation in a general store at Greencastle, and held the same position for four years, after which he was engaged as an educator till 1867. Coming to Calhoun, Henry County, Missouri, he continued to impart knowledge to the youthful minds till 1880. Since that time he has been manager of the lumber business in Calhoun for the Aurand & Dulany lumber company. In 1862 he enlisted in Company F, Twelfth Kentucky Cavalry, in which he BIOGRAPHICAL. 649 served till the close of the war. Mr. M. is a member of the Masonic fraternity. September 7, 1873, he was married to Miss Priscilla Ford, a Virginian by birth. They have three children: Earnest, Lillian and Norma. Mr. and Mrs. Morgan are members of the Christian Church. CHAUNCEY C. MAUPIN, miller, farmer and stock raiser, was born March 12, 1844, in St. Charles County, Missouri, being the son of Wallace C. Maupin, born October 25, 1817, in Albemarle County, East Virginia. His mother, formerly Mary Elizabeth Martha Jane Scott, was born in East Virginia about 1820. They were married near the year 1837, and by this union had six child- ren, four sons and two daughters, all of whom are living. They emi- grated in an early day to Missouri, and here Mrs. Maupin died March 6, of 1844 or 1845. Mr. M. is now a resident of Cedar County, Missouri. Chauncey C. Maupin, when a young man of twenty-one years, begran business for himself. He married Miss Lizzie M. Bass, daughter of Peter and Marian Bass, of Henry County, Missouri, May 18, 1865. They have six children, all sons, and residents of Henry County. In 1877 he bought eighty acres of land in Tebo Township, and in 1881 added eighty more. Li 1879 he erected in the township a mill for sawing purposes and the grinding of corn. He is actively engaged, both in farming and the mill business, and is constantly driven with custom at his mill, but does not allow his farm to lay idle. He is a thorough farmer and is highly respected in this vicinity. Mr. M. is a member of the Patrons of Husbandry. Both himself and wife are connected with the Methodist Church, South, of Calhoun. His political views are Democratic. JOHN MEDBERRY, livery man, at Calhoun, was born in Windham County, Connecticut, March 28, 1836, his parents being John and Lucy (Harvey) Medberry, natives of Connecticut. John was the only child in the family. He was reared and educated in his native county and when seventeen years ot age went to Wisconsin, where, in different parts of the state, he followed farming till 1878, except for three years while engaged in freighting in Colorado and Montana. In 1878 he came to Calhoun, Henry County, Missouri, and was interested in a flouring mill till August 1882, at that time com- mencing in his present business. Mr. M. is one of the leading citizens of Calhoun and has been one of its councilmen. March JO, i8s8, he was married to Miss Charlotte Potter, a native of New York. In October^ 1871, he was married to Susan Dawson, originally of Wisconsin. The family of Mr. M. consists of three children: Alvaro, Byron and Frank. 650 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. JUDGE M. B. MERRITT, owner of Cherry Grove farm, a fine estate of 520 acres, is a Tennesseean by birth, and was born April 27, 18 19, in Williamson County. His father, Benjamin Merritt, was born September i8th, 1782, in Wake County, North Carolina, and his mother, whose maiden name was Eliza- beth Barnett, was born May ist, 1791, in the same state. They were married January 21st, i8i3,and were the parents of eight children, three only of whom survive. Milton B., Mahala, (now the widow of Benjamin Fewell, of Callaway County, Missouri, who was born January 8th, 1804, and died June i8th, 1870, in Callaway County,) and Thirsa, now the wife of Benjamin C. Fewell of Henry County. Benjamin Merritt died May 13th, 1844, in Tennessee, and his widow died September 23d, 1872, in Tebo, Henry County. M. B. Merritt married Miss Susan A., daughter of Mason C, and Malinda L. Fewell, of Henry County, Missouri, Sep- tember 25th, 1844. ^y t'lis union there were eleven children, eight daughters and three sons, of whom eight are now living. Emily Dophe- lia, who married Richard F. Gaines, of this county, March i6th, 1876. Cerepta Virginia, who married Maranda R. Amick, also of the same county. Roschen Medora, who was born March 27th, 185 1, died Decem- ber 27th, 1869. Edith Livona, born February 7th, 1853, died September 7th, 1854. Lelia Theressa, born December 6th, i854,*and married Mr. C. E. Avery, February 21st, 1883. Arthur Fewell was born December rst, 1856, and is now a practicing physician and surgeon at Lucas. He received training at the St. Louis Medical College, and afterwards took his honors at the Jefferson College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in class of '81. Amantha A. was born January 5th, 1859. Serena E. was born March 28th, 1861. Mary E. was born June 3d, 1866, and Milton Edwin was born November 6th, 1871. Mason C. Fewell, the father of Mrs. Merritt, was born January 30th, 1797, in Culpeper County, Virginia, and was married in 1822 to Miss Malinda L. Wall, who was born Sep- tember 2d, 1799, i" Rockingham County, North Carolina. There were four children by this marriage, of whom only two are living, Mrs. Merritt and Harriet E., widow of Dr. Jacob Sipe, of this county. Mrs. Fewell died September 17th, 1829, in North Carolina, and Mr. Fewell died Feb- ruary 8th, 1873, in Tebo. The subject of this sketch, while a young man, came in company with Benjamin C. Fewell from Tennessee to Henry County, Missouri, in 1841. He was engaged in teaching for two years, when he was called by the death of his father, to his native state. Settling up the affairs of the estate he returned to Missouri in Septem- ber of 1844. He received 320 acres of land from his wife's father, and since that time has gone on improving his fortune and winning his way to the hearts of the people by whom he is surrounded. His lands are not confined to Henry County alone. He is also the owner of consider- BIOGRAPHICAL. 65 I able property in the county of Johnson. As a farmer and stock handler, he ranks high in this vicinity. His farm is well watered, and 300 acres are devoted to blue grass. He also handles cattle and hogs of good grades. Progression is the motto, and he has not failed to give honor to it through life. A man of high and generous impulses, of cheerful and genial spirits, he is boundless in his hospitalities. He is one of the directors of the First National Bank of Clinton. Politically he is a Dem- ocrat, and has served as judge and held other official positions for many years. He was compelled to resign his seat on the bench after the last election (in 1882) on account of deafness. He made an excellent judge and was held in high esteem by the members of the bar. WILLIAM P. MILLNER is the owner of "Glen Anna" farm, which contains 1,080 acres, and is situated eight miles northwest of Calhoun. He was born October 25, 1840, in Cascade, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, receiving his educational training in the Hampden-Sidney College of Prince Edward County, which school he left with honors, second to one only — W. H. Murkland, iate pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Baltimore, Maryland. Hi.^ father. Colonel M, M. Millner, was born in July, 1815, in Cascade, Pittsylvania' Comity, and his mother, formerly Lucy Maria Price, daugh- ter of Williamson Price, of Danville, Virginia, was born in the same county. They were married in 1838, and by this union there were three sons, of whom two are still living, William P. and James W. Mrs. Mill- ner died in 1845 in her native state. Mr. M. afterwards married Miss Mary S. Reynolds, of North Carolina, August 20, 1850. They had nine children, eight sons and a daughter, who is now deceased. M. M. Mill- ner died November 5, 1882, and his widow now resides on the old home- stead, formerly the home of Patrick Henry, a tract of 1.500 acres. W^il- liam Price Millner, the subject of this sketch, emigrated from his native state to Henry County, Missouri, in ^uly, 1873. He married Miss Mariam R., daughter of William and Elizabeth Fewell, October 12, of the same year. She was born June 11, 1838, in Rockingham County, North Caro- lina. Miss Fewell, after the death of her father, November 26, 1866, came into possession of the " Glen Anna" estate, which is now so ably managed by her husband. Their residence, a large and commodious one, was erected by Major John Williams in 1834, and remodeled by William Fewell in 1858. Mr. M. takes great interest in stock matters and has become well known in this connection. He has a fine half-mile track for the training of his fast stepping colts, and now has the far- famed Al. West, of the Hambletonian stock, valued at $5,000 and sired by General Wither's celebrated Al. Mont, of Lexington, Kentucky, by Alexander's Abdallah, and he bv Rysdvk's Hambletonian, etc. Al. West's 652 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. first dam, Bohanna's Wallace; second dam, Mambrino Chief; third dam» Mason's Whip, etc., etc. At the same age as Al. Mont, this promising- colt will be as renowned, heading the list as a breeder of trotters. Al. West's time is already 2:34, with very little training. Mr. M. has a cele- brated jack, while his sheep of the cctswold grade are superior to and unsurpassed by any, as conceded by Baldwin, an eastern dealer in Can- ada sheep. They have taken the lead in the county, and at the fairs and in market since 1876. He also gives some attention to hogs of the finer grades, and has twenty-one fine-bred cows. Mr. M. is connected with the Sardis-Bethlehem Baptist Church. He is a Democrat. JOHN R. PIGG, merchant at Calhoun, is the son of David H. Pigg, who was born in Clark County, Kentucky, December 23, 18 19. His parents were William and Polly (Hampton) Pigg. In 1843 he removed to Henry County, Missouri, and settled in Calhoun, where John R. was born July 19, 1850. He passed his youth in Calhoun, receiving his education in the common schools, and when about fifteen years old he went to work in his father's mill, remaining therein until 1S69, Then he engaged in merchandising with J. W. Tutridge, with whom he was associated until 1875, when- he sold out. He again embarked in the same business in that year and now owns a good store building which is filled with a large stock of general merchandise. He has taken a great interest in educational mat- ters, and has been elected director of the district a number of terms. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity of which he is secretary. At Cartnage, Illinois, July 4, 1872, Mr. Pigg was married to Miss Lucy J. Smith, a daughter of J. B. and Harriet Smith. They have three child- ren: Hattie M., Ella F. and Aggie D.; one, an infant is deceased. DR. J. F. ROBINSON, was Dorn February 15, 1S47, in Johnson County, Missouri, his parents being Jehu and Julia Ann Robinson, nee Oglesby. The former was born in 1812, in Tennessee, and the latter in 1822 in Kentucky, she having accompanied her parents to Cooper County, Missouri, in an early day. They were married about the year 1840, and had four sons and three daughters: Mary M., John E., Louisa, Jeremiah T., Sallie B. and James L., and of these our subject was the second son. Jehu Robinson was one of the first judges of Johnson County, and with his wife is now resid- ing at Warrensburg. Joseph F. entered the Missouri State University at the age of sixteen years, and was a student there for five years, gradu- ating in the class of 1870. In the fall of 1871 he entered the medical college at St. Louis, remained until July following, and upon leaving BlOGRAPIiiCAL. 653 that institution commenced the practice of his profession with Dr. J. W. Wall, an old and skilled physician and surgeon of this county. In two years Dr. R. entered the Jefferson Medical College, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, graduating with honor therefrom in the class of 1875. Coming again to Henry County, he resumed his practice, and has since had a most successful and uninterrupted patronage with the exception of the winter of 1878-Q, which he spent in New York City, attending a course of medical lectures. Dr. Robinson was married November 14, 1878, to Miss Linnie A., daughter of Dr. Jacob and Harriet E. Sipe, of Warrensburg. She is a lady of culture and refinement, and presides over the household affairs in a most worthy manner. The doctor is the owner of the extensive estate of 736 acres, located six miles north of Calhoun, known as "Meadow Farm." He has also 210 acres in this county, and 358 acres in Johnson County. He is now occupied in con- ducting this large farm together with his practice. He belongs to Cold- spring Lodge, No. 274, A. F. & A. M. of Henrietta, Johnson County, and is also a member of the Baptist Church at High Point. In politics he is a Democrat. MRS. HARRIET E. SIPE is the daughter of Mason C. Fewell, who was born January 8, 1797, in Culpeper County, Virginia, and who married in 1822, Miss Melinda L. Wall, originally of Rockingham County, North Carolina, born Septem- ber 2, 1799. She died in that state September 17, 1829. In 1839 Mr. Fewell, with three of his children, his mother and sister, came to Henry County in company with a colony of relatives and friends to the num- ber of 144 souls. For many years he was closely identified with the growth and prosperity of this county, and among its largest property holders and heaviest stock men. He owned, at his death, a fine estate of 1,000 acres, of which "Meadow Farm," (the present residence of Mrs. Sipe) forms a part. Harriet E. Fewell was married, September 10, 1857, to Dr. Jacob Sipe, of this county, and they had one son and one daugh- ter: Linnie A., born September 3, 1858, and Undrie T., born May 2, 1861, died July6, following. Dr. Sipe was a well known physician and surgeon and had an extensive practice in Henry County. In later life he gave considerable attention to the disease of the eye and was making the treatment of that member a specialty. November 14, 1862, he was appointed surgeon in Company K, Seventh Regiment Missouri Infantry, of the Confederate service, receiving his discharge September 16, 1863, Soon after this he was made prisoner and taken to Rolla, being placed in the hospital November 21, 1865. He died the third day after and his burial place is marked by a suitable monument erected by his widow. Mrs. Sipe is now residing at "Meadow Farm," near Calhoun. 654 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. HENKY SLACK was born in Linn County, Missouri, January 5, 1843. James C. Slack, his father, a native of Kentucky, came to Missouri, in 18 15, where he was married to Miss Carolina Humphry. The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm and obtained a common school education in Linn County. In 1865 he went to Nebraska, where he clerked in a general store for two years. In 1867 he removed to Henry County, Missouri, and followed farming until December 11, 1873, then engaging in the grocery business at Calhoun. In December, 1877, he was burned out. In the following year he built his present store building, a large brick structure, in the second story of which is the Masonic hail. He carries a complete stock of groceries, boots and shoes, etc., and is doing a sat- isfactory business. He has held the office of constable for four years and that of justice of the peace for eight years, and has been secretary of Calhoun Lodge No. 184, A. F. & A. M., for eight years. October i, 1873, Mr. Slack married Miss Martha Carter, a native of Virginia. Her. death occurred January i, 1881. Three children had been born to them: James, Harry and Vest. Mr. S. was again married November 30, 1881, to Mrs. Bettie Gray, a daughter of Judge Calvert. They have one child, Clifton. MRS. M. C. SQUIRES, was born July 24, 1846, and is the widow of the late Hon. G. W. Squires, of Henry County, Missouri. Her parents, J. R. and Elizabeth Linn, emigrated from North Carolina to Henry County, Missouri, in 1852, set- tling in Tebo, where they remained for many years, and they were ident- ified with the county's interests until their death. Mrs. L. died April 20, 1875. She was a member of the Christian Church, and led a consist- ent and faithful christian life, although a severe sufferer for years. Mr. L. was a carpenter by trade. He was also an exemplary member of the same church as his wife and a deacon therein for several years prior to this death, which occurred December 28, 1881. Both died at Cal- houn, and were taken to the Kidd Cemetery for interment. Mattie C, their daughter, was born in Surry County, North Carolina. She married Hon. G. W. Squires, of Henry County, Missouri, September 17, 1866. By this union there was one son, Case Burdett, born January 23, 1868. Mrs. S. is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, of Calhoun. Her husband died May 6, 1879. After his death the following account of his life was written : "Hon. George W. Squires was born in Athens County, Ohio, February 15, 1802. In 1818, being then a lad of sixteen, he com- menced steamboating on the Ohio River, between the cities of Pitts- burg and Louisville, on the first steamer launched upon that stream. After following that calling for eighteen years he emigrated to Missouri BIOGRAPHICAL. 655 and located in what is now called Henry County, but then Rives. At that date this locality was comparatively a wilderness, sparsely inhabi- ted and infested with Indians and wild beasts. In 1837, the year follow- ing his settlement in his new home, he took command of a company against the Osage Indians, and a year later commanded another com- pany against the Mormons, then at Far West, where he assisted in tak- ing the prophet, Jo. Smith, a prisoner. In 1850 he made an overland trip to California, in charge of one of the largest trains, which up to that time, had crossed the plains. After a sojourn of two years in the gold region he returned to Missouri, and again engaged in steamboating; this time on the Osage River, and did much to open navigation on that stream. In 1858, leaving the river, he went upon a farm in Henry County, and for a time was engaged extensively in handling stock for the southern market. On the outbreak of the civil war he retired to his farm where he remained up to the restoration of peace. Though advanced in years, his seat in the house of representatives was the only ♦ civil office to which he had ever aspired, or had ever held. While he was the oldest member of that body, he was scarcely less active or atten- tive in the house than the youngest of his associates. His excellent judgment on all matters, aside from his years, served to secure for him universal respect at the capitol. Politically he was a life long Democrat, casting his first vote for Jackson. He was a valuable member of the com- mittee on banks and corporations, and was one of the men whose mem- ory will live in the minds of those who knew him both as a private citi- zen and a public man." JEROME B. SQUIRES, is an enterprising, capable and thoroughgoing farmer. He was born November 12, 1837, '" ^^e township where he now resides, acquiring a good business education in youth. His father, the Hon. G. W. Squires, was born February 15, 1802, in Ohio, while his mother, whose maiden name was Adelaide Banister, was born November 9, 1805, in Putnam County, Virginia. They were married in 1823, and were the parents of six children, of whom four are living, three sons and one daughter. They emigrated from Virginia, to Henry County, Missouri, in 1835, and bought a tract of 260 acres near Calhoun. Here JVIr. Squire's remained for the remainder of life, with the exception of two years spent in California, and two years while occupied in steamboating upon the Osage River. In 1850 he was at the head of one of the largest companies that up to that day had ever crossed the plains. After his return from California he was for a time engaged upon the Osage River, and did much toward opening the stream to navigation, from St. Louis upward, in company with James Atkisson, of Warsaw, Benton County. Mrs. Squires died May 2, 1862. Mr. S. married Miss Mattie C. Linn, of this county, Sep- 656 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. tember 17, 1866. They had one child, a son (C. B.) who still resides with his widowed mother in Calhoun. Hon. G. W. Squires, departed this life, May 6, 1879. His son, Jerome B. Squires, at the Age of eighteen years, became a salesman in the mercantile business in the wholesale and retail establishment of James Atkisson, at Warsaw, Benton County, then the largest business place in Southwest Missouri. In 1865, he embarked in business at Sedalia, Pettis County, for L. S. Florshiem. In 1867, he •engaged in business for himself in Calhoun, where he dealt in general merchandise, doing a thriving trade for three years. He then sold his stock and formed a partnership with J. O. Edmondson, of that place, which existed for three years, when he disposed of his interest and com- menced dealing in stock. In 1861, February 12, he married Miss Hen- rietta, daughter of Asa and Sarah McNeely, of Benton County. She was born June 4, 1843, in that county. They had four children: Ella, born March 20, 1862, died January 17, 1863; Maggie, born September 16, 1864, married Dr. B. B. Barr, a physician and surgeon, now practi- cing at Shawnee Mound, with Dr. J. W. Bronaugh; George William; born May 12, 1866; Mamie T., born September 25, 1869, now attending school at Windsor. Mr. Squires, after buying and selling stock for three years, decided again to start in mercantile pursuits. He opened busi- ness at Calhoun, and after nearly four years attention to that calling, bought in the spring of 1878, his present farm, a tract of fine land, 208 acres. After closing his business in Calhoun, he engaged in farming, and has since that time made this and the raising of stock his exclusive business. He is a fine farmer and deals quite largely in stock. He has •some excellent cattle, and also does something in the line of raising "hogs. He is a member of the order of A. F. & A. M., Lodge No. 184, •Calhoun. Both himself and wife are of the Presbyterian faith. His polirical views are Democratic. ROBERT TREVEY, physician and surgeon of Calhoun, was born in St. Charles County, Mis- souri, September 13, 1840, and was a son of Joseph Y. Trevey, a native of Virginia, who was by occupation a farmer. The mother of Robert, formerly Jane Adams, was a daughter of Hugh Adams, a direct des- 'Cendant of John O. Adams The subject of this sketch was principally- reared and educated in his native county. When sixteen years of age he went to Virginia, where he attended an academ}' for three years. Returning to Missouri he was a student at the college at St. Charles one year. When about twenty years of age he entered the office of Dr. Samuel Overall, of St. Charles, with whom he read medicine two years, and subsequently attended a term of lectures in the St. Louis Medical •College. Upon going back to St. Charles he continued to read with his BIOGRAPHICAL. 657 preceptor, and was later graduated from the St. Louis Medical College in March 1866. In the same year he began the practice of his profes- sion in St. Louis, and followed it there till 1869, when he moved to his present location. Dr. Trevey is an excellent physician, deserving of being placed among the leaders in his profession. He has held many prominent offices in Henry County, in all of which he has proved a suc- cess. He is an active member of the Masonic fraternity. He was mar- ried Novem.ber 26, 1867, to Miss Marcie P. Thomas, of St. Louis. They have a fantWly of five children, Robert, Ola, Velpeau, Hale M. and Hallie. H. J. UNDERWOOD, of the firm of Underwood & Son, manufacturers of stoneware, Calhoun, was born in Starke County, Ohio, April 26, 1855, his father, H. H. Underwood, having been born in Pennsylvania February 3, 1833. He was a son of Joseph and Frances (Marsh) Underwood, natives of Pennsyl- vania. H. H. was taken to Ohio by his parents, where he was reared and educated. In 1852 he engaged in the manufacture of stoneware which he followed there until 1880, then removing to Calhoun. Octo- ber 7, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, Forty-second Ohio Infantry, and was discharged in November, 1864, having been in the hospital at New Orleans three months. He was married to Miss Caroline Rochess, October 7, 1852. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in Ohio, and has followed his present business since arriving at manhood. The firm are doing a good business and sell their ware to dealers in dif- ferent parts of this and other states. They make a specialty of vases, flower pots and terra cotta ware. Mr. Underwood was married October 27, 1878, to Miss Ada M. Dawson, a native of Ohio. They have two children, Carrie M. and Paul H. Mr. U. is a leading member of the Christian Church. MRS. MARTHA J. WALL, who at this time resides with her son-in-law, J. G. Callison, was born in Rockingham County, North Carolina, June 23, 1820, being the daughter of William M. and Elizabeth Wall, nee Walker, who were married May II, 1816. They had four children, of whom Martha is the only one now living. His first wife dying in May, 1825, William Wall married July 31, 1827, Miss Sarah A. Fewell. He came to Henry County, Missouri, in 1838, located six miles north of Calhoun and became quite wealthy. He erected the first steam flouring mill west of St. Louis in 1841 or 1842, but during the war it was burned by order of General Pope. Mr. W. died August 2, 1865, at the age of seventy-two years. Martha J. Wall was married May 17, 1843, to Rev. Samuel D. Gilbert, and to them were born two children. A daughter, Sarah F., was born September 26, 1844. 42 658 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. and subsequently became the wife of James H. Rlackvvell, she dying soon after her marriage. The son, William P., was born November 2, 1845; died May 3, 1857. Mr. Gilbert died September 13, 1847. On Aug- ust 21, 1850, Mrs. G. married William J. Wall, and they had four child- ren, two of whom survive, James R. and Hildred R. Mr. Wall departed this life August 19, 1873. Mrs. W. has been a member of the Sardis- Bethlehem Baptist Church for thirty years. THEODORE O. WILLIAMS, attorney-at-law, was born in Marion County, Missouri, April 17th, 1847, his parents being Lemuel and Nancy M. (Hammond) Williams, natives of Worcester County, Maryland. They were both born in February, 1808, and were married in 1835, emigrating to Hannibal, Missouri, in 1836. Lemuel Williams died in Windsor, Missouri, April 23, 1879, and his widow departed this life in Monroe County, March 9. 1883, aged 75 years. Theodore passed his youthful days in Monroe and Macon Coun- ties, this state, and in 1869 he took up his location near Tipton, where he taught school for four years. In January, 1870, he married Miss Sally J. Jones. They had four daughters, Rosa Lee, Cora V., Jessie M. and Shelly, of whom Rosa and Shelly died, while small. In 1873 Mr. Williams began the study of law with H. F. Rothwell, late congressman from the Tenth District of Missouri, and subsequently with his brother, T. N. Williams, in Lynchburg, Virginia. In 1878 he returned to Henry County, at first engaging in the practice of his profession at Windsor. He is now located in Calhoun, where he has built up an enviable reputa- tion as an attorney, and he is especially successful in his career as a criminal lawyer. Though comparatively a young man, he has become recognized as a prominent counselor among his brother practioners. Politically he is a Democrat. JOHN WILSON, farmer and stock raiser, was born June 18, 1806, in Greene County, Ten- nessee, acquiring his only education in the common schools of that locality. His father, Thomas Wilson, was an extensive farmer and stock raiser and a carpenter by trade. He was born in Botetourt County, Vir- ginia, December 6, 1771. His mother, formerly Margaret Sherrell, was born May 14, 1774, in North Carolina. They were married October 8, 1794, and had nine children, six daughters and three sons, of whom there are but four living, three daughters and one son. They emigrated from Tennessee to Lafayette County, Missouri, in 1830, settling near Lexington, where they remained for five years, then going to Tebo Township of the same county, now Henry. Mr. Wilson entered eighty BIOGRAPHICAL. 659^ acres of land and commenced farming, which he continued until his death, May 22, 1836. Mrs. W. survived him but eighteen months, depart- ing this life in October of 1839. The subject of this sketch was the only- administrator of the estate and bought the farm in 1839, of which he held possession until 1866, when he sold it, being settled upon land he had purchased in the years of 1839, 1840. 1842 and 1843, consisting of 700 acres, lying north of the old place. He married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Susan Jennings, of Lafayette County, and to- them were born eight children, four sons and four daughters. The eldest,. William T., born December 28, 1833, married Mrs. Eleanor, widow of" Samuel Reynolds and daughter of William M. Fewell, of Henry County, March 17, 1867. Thomas J. was born April 19, 1835, and married Miss Mary E. Gilliland, of Bates County, in March of i860. Harriette Ann was born August 22, 1838, and married Thomas J. Jennings, of Living- ston County, Missouri, November 14, 1882. John W. was born Decem-^ ber 5, 1847, and married Miss Nancy Woolfolk, ot Henry County, Mis- souri, January 22, 1871. Lon was born October 16, 1843. Mary E., born October 4, 1848, married T. J. Bosley, of Bates County, February 18,. 1879. Martha Jennie was born July 4, 1854. Charles E. was born Novem- ber 9, 1857. Mrs. W. died May 28, 1872. Mr. Wilson has resided upon his present farm ever since 1833, except for two years, when in Cali- fornia. In 1850 he took the overland route and went to California, mak- ing a stay there of two years, with a result of success. He returned via New York in 1852, and then engaged in farming and in the general rais- ing of stock. He was given a lieutenant's commission in 1832 by Gov- ernor Boggs. He erected his present residence in 1849. He belongs to- Lodge No. 29, A. F. & A. M., his membership dating from 1863. He has for nearly fifty years been identified with the M. E. Church South, of which his wife was also a member for many years. Five of his children also hold that relationship. Democratic in his views, he cast his first vote for Jackson in 1832 with nineteen other Democrats, two men voting for John O. Adams at that election, making a vote of twenty-two in the county of Lafayette. His sons now conduct the farm. They are capa- ble men and excellent managers of the place. WILLL-\M T. WILSON, owner of "Woodlawn Farm," an excellent tract of 992 acres, located in • the northwest portion of Tebo Township, about nine miles from Cal- houn, was born December 28, 1833, in Lexington, Lafayette County, . Missouri. His education xvas acquired in the common schools of that day. His father, John Wilson, was born June 18, 1806, in Greene County, Tennessee, and married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Susan Jennings, of Lafayette County, Missouri. By this union 660 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. there were four sons and four daughters, all of whom are living. The subject of this sketch commenced for himself in life at the age of twenty- one years. He married Mrs. Ella A. widow of Samuel M. Reynolds, and daughter of William and Elizabeth D. Fewell, of Henry County, Missouri, March 17, 1867. By her former union Mrs. W. had three children, and all are living. The eldest, William F., was born July 28, 1854, and married Miss Sallie B. Robinson, daughter of Colonel Jehu Robinson, of Johnson County, Missouri, October 15, 1878. Samuel M. was born September 11, 1859, and is now a merchant of Shawnee Mound. Anna L., was born September 22, 1861. By the last marriage there were three sons: Claude, born February 7, 1869, died July 28th of the same year; Arthur, born September i, 1870, died February 18, 1872; Oliver H., born August 26, 1874, died March 27, 1876. In 1868 Mr. Wilson began improvements upon a farm in Tebo Township, consisting of 440 acres, to which, in 1882, he added 452 acres, making 992 acres of magnificent land, and well watered with living springs. He raises not less than 15,000 or 20,000 bushels of corn, and is endeavoring to make wheat growing a success. He has a fine herd of short-horns, and is a man who thoroughly understands his business. He is one of the direc- tors of the First National Bank, of Clinton, and has resided in the county for half a century or more, and has been successful through all these years. He feeds from two to four or five car loads of cattle annually, and also makes the raising and handling of hogs a prominent thing. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M. order, belonging to lodge No. 274. Politically he is a Democrat. Mrs. W. is identified with the Sardis- Bethlehem Church. SH.^WNEE TOWNSHIP. WILLIAM ADAIR, section 14, is among the prominent farmers and stock raisers in this county. He is a son of Abner J. and Mary (Adkins) Adair, natives of Kentucky. William was the third in a family of eleven children, and was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, January 26, 183 1. While he was a child his parents removed to Missouri and settled in Jackson County, where he grew to manhood on a farm. In 1849 he went to Cal- ifornia, and was engaged in mining and stock raising until 185 1, when BIOGRAPHICAL. 66l he returned to Missouri. After remaining a short time he took a trip to New Mexico, but a few months later located again in Jackson County, where he followed farming until 1854, then he came to Henry County. His farm is one of the best improved in the county, and contains 870 acres, surrounded and sub-divided with good fences. His fine residence was built in 1877, at a cost of $3,000. Mr. Adair is one of the leading stock men of the state, and owns a fine herd of Short Horns, and feeds a large number of the best cattle shipped from this market. He is also interested in two large stock ranches in the state of Texas. He belongs to the Baptist Church, and is a member of the Masonic fraternity. March 17, 1853, he married Miss Dorcas A. Fuqua, a native of Kentucky, born June 20, 183 1. They have four children living, Susa Ann, Emma, Henry Clay and Canarisa. They have lost six: Martha E., Francis M., Laura, Johnnie and two infants. F. M. ANDERSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, is the son of Isaac Anderson, a native of Tennessee, who came to Henry County, Missouri, in 1835, and located in Big Creek Township where F. M. was born December 27, 1837. His mother's maiden name was Eliza Sharp, also originally from Tennessee. Young Anderson was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools of this county, and has since been engaged in farming, now owning 122 acres of land, well improved. During the late war he served under Colonel Lewis and participated in the battles of Lexington and Bear Creek. He is a member of the L O. O. F. fraternity. October 19, i860, Mr. Anderson was married to Miss Ocia Pernell, a daughter of F. A. Pernell, who served as clerk of the county court in Henry County for eighteen years. Mrs. A. is a native of Henry County, Missouri. They have two children: Ada B. and Charlie. BENJAMIN BARKER, farmer and stock raiser, section 9, v/as born in Kent County, Delaware,, in 1820, and was the son of John and Marion (French) Barker, who were natives of Delaware. Benjamin grew to mannood in his native state,, and received a common school education. In August, 1842, he came to Henry County, Missouri, where he has since resided, following farm- ing as his occupation. His estate contains 700 acres of level land, in a high state of cultivation. July 31, 185 1, Mr. Barker was married to Miss Mary Martin, originally from North Carolina. She died March 31, 1871, leaving one child, John R., who was born in Henry County, Missouri, April 10, 1852. John R. Barker was married November 27, 1879, to Miss Ella Casey, a daughter of George M. Casey. She was born Jan- uary 7, i860, in this county. 662 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. B. B. BARR. is a prominent physician and surgeon at Shawnee Mound. The subject of this sketch was born in Henry County, Missouri, January 4, 1857. His father, William T. Barr, was a native of Tennessee and a son of Robert Barr, originally of the same state. His father, Patrick Barr, was a native of Ireland. When B. B. was four years old his father went to Tennessee, •where he grew to manhood, being educated in the schools of Gallatin. When twenty years old he entered the office of Dr. J. B. Heard, of Gal- latin, Tennessee, with whom he read medicine for three years. In 1878 he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at Baltimore, and in 1880 was a student at the Bellevue Medical College, of New York, grad- uating from there in March, 1881. Since that time he has practiced his chosen profession at Shawnee Mound. He is a member of the Cumber- land Presbyterian Church and also belongs to the I. O. O. F. order. Sep- tember 15, 1881, the doctor was married to Miss Maggie Squares, of this • county. JUDGE LEWIS P. BEATY, farmer and stock raiser, section 16, is among the prominent men of this county, and none are more worthy of a representation in this work than he. He was born in Henry County, Missouri, October 16, 1837. His father, Joseph R. Beaty, was a native of Kentucky, and a son of Wil- liam Beaty, of the same state. Joseph R. was married December 1, .1836, to Miss Mary Prigmore. She was born in Allen County, Kentucky, "May 22, 1816, and came to Missouri in 1818, and in 1836 to Henry ■County. Joseph Beaty died in Henry County May 17, 1843. Lewis P. grew to manhood on the farm upon which he now lives, and obtained his education in the common schools. July 20, 1862, he enlisted in Com- pany F, Sixteenth Missouri Infantry of the Confederate army, and sur- rendered at Shreveport, Louisiana, June 5, 1865. After this he returned to Henry County, where he has since followed his chosen occupation, that of a farmer. He owns a landed estate of 175 acres, well improved. September 2, 1873, he was elected judge of the county court, and was re-elected to that office every term until 1882, when he was elected pre- siding judge of the county court. He is a member of the Christian Church, and belongs to the Masonic fraternity. September 30, 1856, Judge Beaty was married to Miss Frances E. Prewitt, a native of this county, born September 3, 1840. She died June 10, 1876, leaving four •children, Joseph G., James C, T. Dick and Walter L. Two children are -deceased. BENJAMIN BEATY, farmer and stock raiser, section 17, is the son of Joseph R. Beaty, a Ken- tuckian by birth, who was born March 23, 1803. He married Mary BIOGRAPHICAL. 663 Prigmore, also a native of Kentucky. They came to Henry County, Missouri, in 1836. Benjamin was born here April 26, 1839. He passed his younger days in the county of his birth, receiving a common school education. January 26, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, First Missouri Cavalry, and at the battle of Oak Hill received a wound in the foot. He remained in service until the close of the war, when he returned to this county. He owns 304 acres of good land and well improved, upon which is a barn built in 1881, at a cost of over $400. Mr. Beaty is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He was married to Miss Louisa Kimsey, a native of Henry County, March 26, 1868. She was born Janu- ary 16, 1 841. They have six children. Samuel, Joseph, Mary S., Jack- son, Abner and Fannie A. JOHN W. BRONAUGH, physician and surgeon, Shawnee Mound, was born in Mason County, Virginia, April 28, 1834, and is a son of Thomas and Nancy (Henderson) Bronaugh, natives of Virginia. The subject of this sketch was the oldest child in a family of seven children. In 1846 he moved with his parents to Henry County, Missouri, locating on a farm near Calhoun, where he grew to manhood. In 1856 he began the study of medicine under Dr. Sites, of Calhoun, with whom he remained till 1858, when, in the fall of that year he entered the St. Louis Medical College. He then began practicing at Germantown, Missouri, and continued it till the fall of i860, when he again entered college. He was graduated in the following spring. In June, 1861, he enlisted in the Confederate army as assistant surgeon of Col. Owen's battalion, resigning in October of the same year. He then settled in Arkansas, where he practiced his profession till June, 1862. Returning to Henry County, he practiced in Calhoun and vicinity till 1879, since which time he has resided at his present location. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and belongs to the Masonic fraternity. July 10, 1862, Dr. Bronaugh was married to Miss Georgia Knox, a native of Henry County, Missouri, where she was born February, i, 1844. They have four children, J. Frank, Marshal K., Percy and John F. R. L. CAMPBELL, farmer and stock raiser, section 33, was born in Lafayette County, Mis- souri, December 12, 1854, and was the son of G. K. Campbell, a farmer by occupation and a native of Alabama, and one of the early settlers of Lafayette County. His father was James Campbell. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Louisa Walker, a native of Missouri. R. L. was reared to manhood on his father's farm, and was educated in the common schools, following farming and stock raising at his birth- place until 1880, when he came to Henry County. His farm contains 664 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 360 acres of well improved land. His residence was built in 1880 at a cost of $1,000. He has two good orchards on the farm, and is feeding sixty-two head of cattle and 100 head of hogs. February 12, 1880, Mr. Campbell married Miss Lydia Huff, a daughter of Willis and Martha (Hocker) Huff She was born in Henry County, Missouri, December 29^ 1857. They have two children: Samuel K. and Warner Hocker. Mrs. C.'s father died October 21, 1865, and her mother, August 27, 1866. After their death she went to her Grandfather Hocker's, in Johnson County, where she grew up. GEORGE M. CASEY, section 24, is one of the representative citizens of Henry County, and none are more worthy of success than he. John Casey his father 'was a son of Stephen Casey, who was a native of South Carolina. John Casey was born in Kentuck)' in 1808, and was there married to Miss Amanda Smith, of the same state. Their family consisted of seven children, of whom the subject of this sketch was the fifth child. He was born in Hardin County, Kentucky, April 3, 1837. In 1842 his parents moved to Henry County, Missouri, and entered land in Shawnee Township, where George M. has since resided, and where he received his education. He now has a landed estate of 1,520 acres. His home farm is known as "Tebo Lawn," and contains 1,200 acres, ten miles northwest of Clinton. This is one of the finest improved farms in Southwest Missouri, being surrounded by hedge and rail fences, well watered by living springs and wells. His residence is a fine brick one, built in 1876, at a cost of $6,500 and his out buildings, etc., are excellent. Mr. C. has a superior herd of shorthorns, representing many of the most popular families of English and American Herd Book record. He is a successful breeder and one of the ranking shorthorn men of Southwest Missouri. He also owns large interests in two stock ranches in Texas, stocked with 35,000 head of cat- tle. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company F, Sixteenth Missouri Infantry of the Confederate service, and remained in action till the close of the war. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and belongs to the Masonic fraternity and commandery. August 13, 1857, Mr, Casey was married to Miss Lucy Croswhiet, of Randolph County, Missouri. They have nine children living: Thomas M., Amanda E. (now Mrs. John Barker), John S., Lulu, Minnie, George R., Eflfie, Annie P., and Lucy M. They have lost one, Mary A. JASPER L. COATS, farmer and stock raiser, section 3, was born in Cooper County, Missouri, February 2, 1828, his parents being William and Martha (Tracey) Coats, BIOGRAPHICAL. 66$' natives of Tennessee. He was the seventh of a family of nine children, and when six years old, his father removed to Callaway County, where he grew to manhood, receiving his education in common schools. At the age of eighteen years he began working at the blacksmith trade in' Fulton, which he followed two years. In 1848 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and worked at his trade one year in Calhoun. In 1849 he went to California, but returned to Henry County in 1850, and engaged in farming. He now owns a landed estate of 315 acres, well improved with a good house, outbuildings and an orchard, besides a supply of water. In 1865, he enlisted in the Union service, but was mustered out in six months, after which he was with the Enrolled Missouri Militia, until the close of the war. In i86i he was appointed sheriff of Henry County,, and held the office for about one year. He is a member of the Christian Church. April 11, 1854, Mr. Coats was married to Miss Sallie Freeman,, a native of Henry County, Missouri. She died September 28, 1862,. leaving two children: James W. and Lizzie. He was again married' March 30, 1845, to Mrs. Eliza Foster, a daughter of James- Patrick, They^ have three children: Marsh, Sallie, and George. R. E. COMER, farmer, section 25, was born in Cole County,. Missouri, May i, 1837, and was the son of Mark and Edna (Elliott) Comer. When he was about two years old his parents removed to Cooper County, where he passed his youthful days and attended the common schools. In March, 1854, he came to Henry County and engaged in farming. His farm now con- tains eighty acres, all in cultivation with good improvements, orchard, etc. Mr. Comer served nine months in the Missouri State Militia dur- ing the late war. He is a member of the M. E. Church. September 30^. 1866, he was married to Mrs. Amanda Barlow, a daughter of Jacob McFarland. They have five children: Aldridge, Emma A., Frank,. Reuben and William, CHARLES W. DRAKE, druggist at Huntingdale, was born in Henry County, Missouri, October 22, 1848, his parents being Jesse W. and Sallie Drake, nee McCarty. Charles divided the early days of his youth between working on a farm and attending the common schools in the county. In 1880 he embarked in the dry goods and grocery business at Huntingdale, following it until becoming engaged in the drug business. In 188 1 he was appointed jus- tice of the peace and in 1882 he was elected constable. February 4,. 1869, Mr. Drake married Miss Lucy A. Covington. They have three children: Hattie A., William C. and Harvey W. Mr. D. is a member of the M. E. Church South. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and is also connected with Agricola Lodge, No. 343, A. F. & A. M. 666 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. JOHN DUNAWAY, farmer and stock raiser, section 31, is a son of Isaac Dunaway, who was | born in Clark County, Kentucky, August 11, 1800. His father, William j Dunaway, was a native of Pennsylvania, and a soldier of the revolution- ary war. Isaac Dunaway come from Kentucky to Missouri in 18 19, locating in Lafayette County. He married Miss Rebecca Howard, a native of Tennessee, who is now deceased. Her husband resides with the subject of this sketch, who was born in Jackson County, Missouri, 1 April 24, 1828. When he was one year old the family moved to Johnson ' County, where he grew up. In 1844 he went to Arkansas and followed ' his chosen occupation for one year, and later in Cedar and Bates Coun- , ties, Missouri, till 1849, when he located in Henry County, where he ; now owns a landed estate of 1,000 acres, 880 of which are in cultivation. : It is one of the best stock farms in the county. Mr. Dunaway devotes his principal interest to the raising of stock. November 26, 1846, he was married to Miss Zenba Davis, of Bates County, Missouri. She died Octo- J ber 5, 1871, leaving a family of ten children, Susan J., Mary E., William M., Jasper, Malissa M., (deceased), Laura, (deceased), Cynthia, Maranda, Leonard and Bell. He was again married July 17, 1874, to Lucinda J. ] Cull, of Missouri. ] JASPER N. DUNAWAY | is also a leading farmer and stock raiser of this township. His father was Isaac Dunaway, a mention of whom was made in the sketch of John j Dunaway. Our subject was born in Johnson County, Missouri, Septem- ber 8, 1841. In 1844 he accompanied his parents to Arkansas, remain- ing there one year, and in 1844 came to Henry County, where he was reared and educated. He has since been engaged in farming in this county, except for six years, while in Barton County, Missouri. His farm contains 180 acres, most of it being in cultivation, and he is recog- nized as one of the prominent stock men in the county. He is a mem- ber of the Baptist Church. December 23, 1867, Mr. Dunaway married \ Miss Matilda Johnson, of Missouri. They have three children living, | Ada O., Elva D. and Edesa. They have also lost four children, William T., Lulu A., Alberta and Orestas. ', S. H. ELLIOTT, ' blacksmith, merchant and farmer, Shawnee Mound, was born in Cooper County, Missouri, February 27, 1847, his parents being William C. and : Sarah D. (Throckmorton) Elliott, the former of Tennessee and the lat- ; ter of North Carolina. S. H. was the seventh child in a family of eleven children. He was brought up and educated in his native county, and BIOGRAPHICAL. 66/ from 1862-4 was employed by the government as teamster. In 1864 he enlisted in Company H, Forty-fifth Missouri Infantry, and was dis- charged in June, i86s. He then worked at the blacksmith trade for one year in Bates County, subsequently moving to Calhoun, Henry County, where he followed his chosen calling till 1874. Then he came to Shawnee Mound. In June, 1882, he embarked in the hardware business. He also is the owner of a good farm of seventy acres. August ii, 1868, Mr. Elliott married Miss Mary Y. Clark, who was born in Henry County, Missouri, February 28, 1843. They have four children, Sarah O., George W., John H. C. and Lena J. They have lost two. Mr. and Mrs. E. are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. He belongs to the Masonic Fraternity. JAMES M. FREEMAN, • % farmer and stock raiser, section 29, is a son of Judge James Freeman, whose parents, Garratt and Nancy (Compton) Freeman, were natives of Maryland. He was born in Culpeper County, Virginia, April 18, 1806. He grew to manhood in his native county, receiving a common school education, and in 1839 he came to Henry County, Missouri, where the subject of this sketch was born March 11, 1844. He was reared as a farmer's boy, also being educated in the common schools and his occu- pation during life has been that of farming and stock raising. His farm is one of the best improved in the township, and contains 520 acres. His fine frame residence was built in 188 1 at a cost of $2,000. Mr. Freeman is one of the leading stock feeders in the township and is now feeding 150 head of cattle. He also has some fine short horns. He was a mem- ber of the Missouri State Militia during the late war. June 25, 1867, he married Miss H. A. Drake. Her death occurred June 6, 1877, and she left four children: James W., Willie R., Anna and Hattie A. Mr. F. was again married February 9, 1882, to Miss Lucy Howard. She was born in St. Clair County, Missouri, October 28, 1854. He is connected with the I. O. O. F. fraternity. D. T. HAMPTON, farmer and stock raiser, section 17, was born in Clark County, Kentucky, October i, 1835, his parents, George W. and Nancy (Jones) Hampton, also being natives of Kentucky. In 1839 ^is father removed to Henry County, Missouri, where D. T. grew to manhood, receiving a common school education. From the age of twenty-one until he was twenty-four years old he was engaged in school teaching. In 1858 he was employed as clerk by Kahn Bros, at Huntingdale, where he remained until 1861. Then he enlisted in Captain Stone's company, and was in the battles of Dry Wood, Lexington and Lone Jack. At the last battle he received a 668 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. , gun shot wound in the thigh. At the close of the war he was lieutenant! in Colonel King's regiment. After this Mr. Hampton returned to Henry County and resumed farming. His farm now contains 155 acres of well improved land. He is township trustee of the township and is also a member of the Christian Church. December 18, 1866, Mr. H. was mar-j ried to Miss Mary S. Lane, a native of Henry County. She died Novem- ber 10, 1880, leaving five children: Joseph R., Lucy, George W., Nora O. and James H. He was again married December 27, 188 1, to Mrs. Melvina Ross. L. H. HAMPTON, ^ agriculturist and raiser of stock, section 6, is the son of George W. Hampton, who was born in Clark County, Kentucky, September, i8i2.| His parents, David and Mary (Bryant) Hampton, were natives of North, Carolina. January 9, 1834, George W. Hampton was married to Miss Nancy Jones, of New York. He came to Henry County, Missouri, iri: 1839, and here L. H. Hampton was born, November 27, 1839. He has during life lived in his native county, making farming his occupation.! He now owns 245 acres of land in Johnson County and 270 acres in Henry County. In 1861 he enlisted in Capt. Gillits company and was; with Gen. Joe Shelby, in the battles of Cross Hollow, Springfield and Fayetteville, Arkansas. He was captured in Illinois and placed iiij prison at St. Louis, where he was confined at the close of the war. Hei is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. April 16, 1871, Mr. Hampton was married to Miss Mary E. Hodges, a native of Johnson County, Mis-j souri, born February 14, 1855, she died June 31, 1881, leaving three! children: William, David and Louis. SAMUEL G. INGRUM, • . . . I contractor and builder at Huntingdale, is the son of Hugh Ingrum, a! native of North Carolina, whose father was Walter Ingrum. The mother of Samuel, previous to her marriage, was Malinda Kennady, a Virginian by birth. Samuel was born in Washington County, Virginia, December^ 28, 1841. He was there reared on a farm and educated, and June 21, j 1861, enlisted in Company I, Forty-eighth Virginia Infantry, serving under Stonewall Jackson. He participated in many important battles, and surrendered in March, 1864, at Cumberland Gap. In the same year] he went to Lexington, Kentucky, where he was engaged in contracting and building, till 1879, when he moved to Henry County, Missouri. i Here he has since resided. January 13, 1866, Mr. Ingrum was married] to Miss Bettie Collins, a native of Washisgton County, Virginia, born; August 10, 1840. They have five children living: Samuel L., James L., Charles, Hester A. and Katie, and have lost one, Nannie D. Mr. and BIOGRAPHICAL. 669 Mrs. Ingrum are members of the M. E. Church, and he belongs to the I. O. O. F., in which lodge he is deputy grand master. FRANCIS M. LAND, farmer, stock raiser and carpenter, section 36, was born in Washington County, Illinois, September 20, 1848. His father, Thomas Land, was a native of Illinois, and a son of Aaron Land, a Virginian by birth. His mother's maiden name was Lydia Harggamon, originally from Tennes- see. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in Illinois, and worked at carpentering in that state until 1867, when he removed to Henry County, Missouri. Here he followed his chosen calling for one year. Since that time he has given his attention to farming, stock rais- ing and carpentering. His farm embraces 227 acres, 160 acres of which are in cultivation, and will average with any in the county. Mr. Land is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. He was married to Miss Martha A. Thomas, a native of Henry County, November 17, 1871. They have three children, Minnie, Nathan and Francis C. They lost one child, Alphus. J. HARVEY McCANN, farmer and stock raiser, section 4, a native of Muskingum County, Ohio, was born November 4, 1835, and is a son of Samuel and Caroline (Irvin) McCann, the former a native of Pennsylvania and son of James McCann, who came originally from Ireland. His father, John McCann, was born in Scotland. Caroline McCann was a native of New Jersey, and of Scotch ancestry. Young McCann was the second of a family of thirteen children. He grew to manhood in Ohio, and was there educated, and in 1857 he went to Watson, Illinois, where he was employed as an educator for five years. After this time he followed farming till 1867, when he moved to Henry County. Missouri, where he now has a farm of 127 acres. Since 1868 he has held the office of justice of the peace, and has ever taken great interest in educational matters. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. September 27, 1859, Mr. McCann was married to Miss Eliza McKee, of Ohio. She died December 3, 1879, leaving four children, Edgar, Elmer, Clarence and Clara. He was again married Jan- nary 26, 1881, to Miss Sallie Callaway, a native of Tennessee. F. M.. MAIZE, farmer and stock raiser, section 34, was born in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, June 24, 1825. His parents were George W. and Arminta (Hayes) Maize, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Missouri. When F. M. was fourteen years old they removed to Buch- anan County, Missouri, where he grew to manhood, there attending the 6/0 HISTORY OI' HENRV COUNTY. '. common schools. In 1847 he located in Nodaway County, and was , engaged in farming and stock raising until 1865, when he came to Henry , County. His landed estate now contains 325 acres in a high state of ' cultivation. In the fall of 1861 he enlisted in Captain Burns' Company, under General Price and remained with them until the close of the war. In March, 1847, Mr. Maize married Miss Rosana Cox, a Kentuckian by I birth. She died in 1855, leaving four children: Bettie (deceased), George ' W., Mintie and Joseph. In 1856 he was again married to Miss Sarah i Lawson, who died in 1866, and on January 8, 1867, Mr. M. married Mrs. Elizabeth Neal, a daughter of William Howerton. They have five child- , ren : Elmer, Rosia, Lee, Leonard and Walter. 1 V. J. MOORE, is a leading merchant and the postmaster of Huntingdale. The subject of this sketch was born in Simpson County, Kentucky, September 24, 1824. His father, John Moore, a native of Virginia, was a son of Thomas Moore, an old Revolutionary soldier. Mary A. Christman was the mai- den name of the mother of V. J., and she was a Kentuckian by birth. John Moore and his family moved to Macoupin County, Illinois, in 1828. ' Young Moore was reared and educated in Illinois on a farm and there followed agricultural pursuits till i855, when he came to Henry County, Missouri. Here he resumed the same occupation, now having a farm of I 240 acres. He began merchandising at Huntingdale in September, 1881, at which time he was appointed postmaster. He is a member of the M. E. Church, and also is connected with the Masonic fraternity. March 8, 1845, Mr. Moore was married to Miss Benie Husk}^ a native of 1 Alabama. She died in 1856, leaving two children, Milo C. and Clarinda | C, the latter now deceased. Mr. M. was married again in 1857, to < Rhoda C. Pinkerton, by whom he has seven children living: Uriah P., 1 John H., Mary J., Edwin P., Malinda M., Littie E. and William V. P. ' They have lost three children. I JOHN L. MOORE, \ merchant at Shawnee Mound, is a son of P. W. Moore, who was born in 1 Butler County, Kentucky, September 16, 1829. His father, James L. { Moore, was a native of Virginia, and a son of Samuel L. Moore, orig- j inally of the same state. P. W. Moore grew to manhood in his native county, where he was interested in farming until 1855, then coming to Henry County, Missouri. Here he has since followed the occupation of farming. November 25, 1856, he was married to Miss Miriam E. Casey, of Kentucky. She died March 10, 1862, leaving three children, John L., '' Martha P. and Robert E. now deceased. He was again married in 1865 : BIOGRAPHICAL. 67 1 to Miss Mary Croswhiet, also a native of Kentucky. They have five children, Amanda E., Thomas W., Alice, Lulu and Samuel F. The sub- ject of this sketch was born in Henry County, Missouri, January 28, 1858. He spent his youth on his father's farm, and received his educa- tion in the common schools of the county, and in January, 1883, he engaged in the hardware and implement business at Shawnee Mound with S. H. Elliott. They carry an excellent stock of goods, and are doing a thriving business. JAMES L. PAGE, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, was born in Logan County, Ken- tucky, April 18, 1835, being the son of Lemuel J. and Susan (Thomas) Page, natives of Virginia. His youth was divided between working on a 'farm and attending the common schools of Kentucky. In 1855 he came to Henry County, Missouri, where he has since been engaged in farming, except for three years during the war, when in Hancock County, Illinois. July 16, 1857, Mr. Page was married to Miss Marthy Levy, a native of Illinois. They have two children living, Laura and James L., and have lost one daughter, Susan. Mr. Page is a member of the Bap- tist Church. WILLIAM PAUL, farmer and stock raiser, section 32, was born in Hardin County, Ken- tucky, July 5, 1820. His father, George S. Paul, a native of Pennsylvania, was born in 1766, and was in the battle of New Orleans, which was fought on the 8th day of January, 181 5. His death occured in 1837. Elizabeth Purcell was the maiden name of William's mother. The subject of this sketch was the second of a family of seven children. He remained on his father's farm in Kentucky until February 5, 1842, when he came to Henry County, Missouri, settling on the farm which G. M. Casey now occupies. In 1845 he purchased his present place and commenced its improvement. It contains 610 acres of as good land as there is in the township, all well improved, with good houses, barns and orchards. He is now feeding three car loads of cattle. Mr. Paul has held the office of justice of the peace for thirty years, and was the first commissioner of Shawnee Township. He has been a member of the Masonic fraternity for thirty-three years. April 10, 185 1, he married Miss Millie A. Casey, a native of Kentucky. Her death occurred February, 1852. He was again married March 26, 1856, to Miss Angatela Barker, of Missouri. She died May i, 1873, leaving four children: John, Samuel, James and Rich- ard. They had lost four: George, William, Benona, Elizabeth. Mr. P. is connected with the M. E. Church. ^2 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. SAMUEL M. REYNOLDS, postmaster and junior member of the prominent firm of Wall & Rey- nolds, general merchants at Shawnee Mound, is the son of Samuel Rey- nolds, Esq., whose father, John Reynolds, was a native of North Caro- lina. The mother of our subject, formerly Ella Fewell, came originally from North Carolina. Samuel M. was the second of a family of three children. He was reared in the county of his birth, and was educated in the Fayette College and State University. After completing his education he returned to the home farm, upon which he remained until June, 1882, when he embarked in business at Shawnee Mound. In the same month he received the appointment of postmaster of the place. E. C. ROYSTON, physician and surgeon, Huntingdale, was born in Caroline County, Vir- ginia, March 4, 1830, being a son of Thomas and Susanna (Thornton) Royston, natives of Virginia. The subject of this sketch was the sev- enth of a family of twelve children. In November, 1839, his parents •removed to Marion County, Missouri, where his mother died in 1841. The same year his father came to Henry County, Missouri. E. C. received liis education in the common schools of Missouri, and when nineteen years old he began the study of medicine with Dr. R. T. Thornton, of Jackson County, Missouri. He read with him until 1850; then visited ■California and followed mining until 1852, when he returned to Missouri. He clerked in a store in Clinton until March, 1853, and at that time again took up the study of medicine in the office of Dr. Salmon. He ■continued this until 1854, when he entered the St. Louis Medical Col- lege. In March, 1855, he located southwest of Clinton and practiced until November of the same year, when he settled near Huntingdale. In 1868 he moved into that place. In October, 1872, he returned to the St. Louis Medical College, and was graduated in March, 1873. The doctor "has a very fine frame residence here, built in 1878 at a cost of $2,000. He was assistant surgeon in the Missouri State Guard for six months during the war and surgeon in the First Regiment of Missouri Rovers for twelve months. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. July 24, 1854, Dr. Royston was married to Mrs. Eliza J. Drake, a daughter of F. A. and Sallie (McCarty) Pernell. She was born in V^irginia November 15, 1827, and came to Henry County, Missouri, with her parents in 1834. There she married Jesse Drake August 16, 1845. His death occurred ■October 23, 1850. They had two children, Harriet and Charles W. The ■doctor and his wife have four children: Ida Belle, Eddie A., William P. and Sallie. William Royston is a graduate of the St. Louis Medical College. BIOGRAPHICAL. 673 JOSEPH SHARP, farmer and stock raiser, section 3, was born in Scotland, March 2, 182 1, his parents being Robert and Elizabeth (Hair) Sharp, natives of Scot- land. Joseph was the third in a family of six children. He grew to manhood in his native country and was there educated. In 1848 he emi- grated to America and located in Bond County, Illinois, where he was engaged in farming until 1865, then coming to Henry County, Missouri. He owns a well improved farm of 260 acres, upon which is a good house, an orchard and out buildings. He is a member of the Old School Pres- byterian Church. December 25, 1847, Mr. Sharp was married to Miss Ellen Scott, who was also born in Scotland. She died in October, 1862, leaving five children: Jane A., Robert, Frank, Elizabeth and Mary (now deceased). SAMUEL M. THOMPSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 35. The subject of this sketch was born in Henry County, Missouri, January 13, 1850. His father, Harrison Thomp- son, was a native of Indiana, and a son of Samuel Thompson. His mother's maiden name was Ella Gillit, of Missouri. S. M. was reared in this county and was educated in our common schools. When twenty years old he engaged in farming and stock raising, which occupation he has since followed. His farm contains 140 acres of land that will aver- age with any in the county, and upon it is a good orchard. Mr. T. has held the office of township clerk and assesor. He is a member of Agri- cola Lodge No. 343, A. F. & A. M., and Carr.sville Lodge No. 281, I. O. O. F., and the Encampment. February 3, 1876, he was married to Miss Fannie Quarles. She was born in Marion County, Missouri, January 2S, 1854. They have two children, Nellie and John. JACOB TINGLER, farmer and stock raiser, section i, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, February 27, 1827, and was the son of Frederick and Lydia (Dunham) Tingler, natives of Pennsylvania. Jacob grew to manhood in his native county and was educated in the common schools of the vicinity. In 1855 he went to Iowa, where he followed farming until 1867, then com- ing to Henry County, Missouri. Here he has since been interested in farming and stock raising. Mr. T. is truly a self-made man, starting in the world a poor boy. By his own energy he is now one of the promi- nent men of the county. His farm is one of the best improved in the township and contains 300 acres, surrounded and subdivided with good fences. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company I, Twentieth Iowa, and was discharged in July, 1865. February 15, 1870, Mr. Tingler was 674 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. married to Macila Whitermack, a daughter of P. Whitermack. She was born in Indiana May 24, 1845. ! JAMES W. WALL, i 1 of the firm of Wall & Reynolds, merchants at Shawnee Mound, was born in Henry County, Missouri, September 22, 1851. His father, James Wall, was a native of North Carolina, and a son of William M. Wall, of the same state. His mother's maiden name was Mary J. Fewell, of North Carolina. The subject of this sketch was the oldest of a family of six children. His youth was spent on a farm in ^ this county, and he attended for some time the common schools. Sub- i sequently he followed farming here until 1876, when he was employed as ' salesman in a store in Calhoun. In the same year he engaged in mer- chandising at Burnett's store, in Johnson County, and continued the business there and at other places in the same county until 1880, when he returned to the farm and lived upon it till July, 1881, when he established himself in the grocery business at Calhoun, and in 1882 he started in business at Shawnee Mound, with S. M. Reynolds. They carry a large stock of general merchandise, and are enjoying a most ] remunerative trade. Mr. Wall also owns a fine farm of 160 acres, well improved, with good house, out buildings, etc. Besides this he pos- ! sesses town property in Calhoun. He is a member of the Masonic fra- ternity. August 14, 1872, he married Miss Emma O. Avery, a daughter of Judge William Avery. Her death occurred January 7, 1875. JAMES WEBB, farmer and stock raiser, section 32, was born in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, May 25, 1821, and is a son of Samuel Webb, a weaver by occu- pation and a native of England, who emigrated to America in 1818. His mother's maiden name was Ellen Fletcher, and she was also born in England. James was reared and educated in his native city and there , learned the trade of machinist, at which he worked in Baltimore till 1842. From that time till 1848, he followed the same ocupation in Spring- field, Pekin, and Beardstown, Illinois. Farming then received his atten- tion till 1867, when he came to Henry County, Missouri, where he now owns a farm of 350 acres. May 27, 1845, Mr. W. was married to Miss '. Elizabeth Elam, a native of Illinois. They have nine children: Samuel A., Robert H., Francis A., Dora A., Mary E., Floda A., Mira T., Cora J., | and Malissa K. BIOGRAPHICAL. 675 FIELDS' CREEK TOWNSHIP. • — "•>?— «^— — 00 — - ^ ?< * LEWIS C. ALLEN, farmer and stock raiser, section 8, was born in Cumberland County, Kentucky, March 18, 183 1, being a son of George and Parmelia (Criss- man) Allen. The former a farmer by occupation and a native of Vir- ginia, was born April 23, 1787, and when a mere boy accompanied his parents to Kentucky where he was reared, educated and married. His death occurred January 31, 1858. Mrs. Allen came originally from Cum- berland County, Kentucky, where she was born March 14, 1798. She died September 4, 1835, leaving a family of eight children: Mary, Nor- man, Martha, Albert, Alfred, Robert, Lewis C. and James C. George Allen was married the second time to Hettie Hillis, and to them were born four children. Lewis C. was brought up as a farmer boy in his native county, and was also educated there, first starting out in life for himself as an agriculturist. In 1858 he removed to Missouri, settling in Linn County, where he improved a farm, and in the fall of 1866 came to Henry County. He now owns 190 acres of well watered and improved land, the result of his own industry and good management. Mr. Allen was married March 17, ^853, to Miss Fannie Pace, of Lewis County, Mis- souri, born March 13, 183 1. Her parents were Thomas and Dosia Pace nee Williams, both Virginians by birth. Her father was born December 5, 1801, and her mother, October 15, 1803, and after being married they settled in Cumberland County, Kentucky, moving thence to Lewis County, Missouri, in 1830. In 1841 they returned to Kentucky. Mrs. Pace died May 3, 1841, and left seven children : William, Sarah, Joseph, Fannie, Edward, John and Henry. Mr. P. is still living in Kentucky, Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Allen have two sons living: Albert M.,born Decem- ber 27, 1853, and James M., born November 5, 1859, ^"d one Elmer, deceased. Albert was married February 8, 1877, to Miss Nannie White,, a native of Pike County, Illinois. They have one child, Ernest. Mr. and Mrs. A. are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. ALBERT M. ALLEN, section 17, is among the prominent young farmers and stock raisers of Henry County. He was born December 27, 1853, in Cumberland County^ Kentucky, his father being L. C. Allen, a sketch of whose life appears elsewhere in this work. In 1858 Albert came to Linn County, Missouri, ^f]6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUX'l Y. with his parents, where the}- remained until 1866, then removing to Henry County. Here he was reared to manhood on his father's farm, receiving his education in the common schools of the county. When 22 years old he engaged in farming and stock raising. His farm now con- tains eighty acres, all in cultivation and well improved, upon which is a good young orchard. Mr. A. is a large cattle feeder and shipper. Feb- ruary 8, 1877, he married Miss Nannie White* a daughter of Joseph White. They have one child living, Ernest M., born December, 1881. They have lost one son, Elmer P. Mr. Allen is connected with the Cumberland Presb}-terian Church. DR. GEORGE M. BRITTS. At the beginning of the second quarter of the present century, the state of Indiana was a comparatively new territory, and known as a part of the Great West, which, from its unsurpassed fertility and the advant- ages it offered for settlement, was attracting an immense emigration from the older states, especially from Virginia and Kentucky. Among those from the former states who sought a fortune in the new Eldorado, was John Britts, father of the subject of the present sketch. The home \& left in Virginia was near Fincastle, Botetourt County, in the Roan- oke Valley, where his father, Adam Britts, a native of Prussia, had set- tled about the middle of the last century. John Britts' famih' consisted of ten children, five boys and five girls: Elizabeth (married to John Myers), Samuel, Catherine (John Myers' second wife), Margaret, died young, Joel, John, David, George M., born September 11, 1812, Mary (married to James Foster), Sarah (married to Allen Harrison). From the oldest to the youngest in the order named, all came west with their parents in 1832, and settling near Ladoga, Montgomery County, Indiana, coming overland down the great Kanawha Valley to Gallipolis; thence through Dayton, Ohio, and on to their new home. About the same year, 1S32, Dr. Henry Rogers, who was born Feb- ruary 9, 1792, and married June 5. 18 17, to Elizabeth Mackey Reid, emi- grated from near Winchester, Clark County, Kentucky, and settled in Montgomery County, Indiana. His family consisted of four sons and txvo daughters: John Alexander Rogers, born March 29, 1818; William Burgess Rogers, born March 29, 1819; Mary Jane Rogers, born November 27, 1820; Sophia Ann Rogers, born February 12, 1822; George Reid Rog- ers, born January 27, 1823, and Thomas S}'denham Rogers, born Febru- ary 18. 1824. The heads of these two families were neighbors and friends at this early day, and the families were more closely united by the marriage of Geo. M. Britts and Mary I.Rogers Dec. 10, 1835. From this union there were six children, all living at this date. John Henry, born Nov i, 1836, BIOGRAPHICAL. 677 named after his two grandfathers. Susan Elizabeth, born February 5th, 1839, single, named for her two grandmothers. Sarah Jane, born Jan- uary 19th, 1842, married to Elijah Reid, of Cass County, Missouri. Sophia Alice, born December 9th, 1844, married to Herman J. Huiskampi, Keokuk, Iowa. Mary Isabell, born December 20th, 1848, and married to Emerson Harris, Henry County, Missouri, and Georgie Ann Britts, born January 3d, 1855, married to Frank Taylor, of Henry County, Mis- souri. Immediately after his marriage George M. Britts began the study of medicine witn his father-in-law, which calling he has followed con- tinuously to the present day, though without the advantage of an edu- cation in a medical college. He, by virtue of native talent and ability, has obtained an honorable position in his profession, and enjoyed an extensive practice, and is now in his seventieth year and in vigorous health. In the fall of 1842 Dr. Henry Rogers' family, his son John A. Rogers, married to Catharine Gorman, Dr. George M. Britts, wife and his then two children, and two families by the name of Arnett, in all five families, emigrated from Indiana and settled in Henry County, Mis- souri, Dr. Henry Rogers locating in Clinton. Dr. John A. Rogers in the Parks neighborhood, twelve miles east of Clinton, and Dr. G, M. Britts at Calhoun, where he lived the remainder of 1842-3, and then in the summer of 1843 moved to Clinton. In a few months after their arrival in Missouri Dr. Henry Rogers lost his wife, who died at her brother's, John Reid's, house January 19th, 1843, and is buried in the family grounds, three miles southeast of Clinton. This misfortune and the idea that the climate was not healthy rendered Dr. Rogers dissatisfied. He remained at Clinton in the practice of medicine till August, 1843, when he determined to return to Indiana on a visit, taking with him his daughter Sophia and youngest son. After reaching his old home he was married September 26th, 1843, to Mrs. Jane Kirkpatrick, and decided never to return to Missouri. This was a great disappointment to the family as most of them, desired to remain in Missouri and make it their future home, but rather than have the family separated, especially the two daughters, all in 1844, except Dr. John A. Rogers and family, returned to the old home- stead in Indiana, where Dr. Britts lived until 1857, when he once more retraced his steps to Henry County, Missouri. Here he has since lived., lollowing his chosen profession with a good degree of success. WILLIAM H. CHILDERS, farmer and stock raiser, section 2, is a native of Henry County, Missouri, and was born December 30, 1842. His father, Washington Childers, originally of Logan County, Kentucky, came to Henry County, Mis- souri, in 1842. He married Miss Catharine Yates, also a Kentuckian by 6/8 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. birth. The subject of this sketch spent his youth on' the farm in this county, and received his education in the common schools. He followed agricultural pursuits until January i, 1862, when he enlisted in Captain Beaty's company. He was in a number of important battles, and sur- rendered at Shreveport, Louisiana. After the close of the war he returned to Henry County, where he has since continued to till the soil, and also the raising of stock. His farm contains eighty acres of good land, well improved, upon which is a fine orchard, and he is feeding thirty head of cattle. Mr. Childers was married November 24, 1866, to Miss Martha Webster, who was born in North Carolina. They have four children, John H., Lillia, MoUie and William P. He is connected with the Baptist Church. D. R. CLARK, farmer and stock raiser, section 8, owes his nativity to Estill County, Kentucky, where he was born May 26, 1842, being the son of William Clark, a farmer and moulder by occupation, and a native of Virginia. His mother's maiden name was Marion McKiney, and she was a Ken- tuckian by birth. Mr. Clark died in 1868. Mrs. C. is still living in Mis- souri. D. R. was the ninth of a family of fifteen children. His youth was passed on the farm in Kentucky, and when twenty years old he engaged in farming. In 1862 he enlisted in Company C, Seventh Ken- tucky Cavalry, remaing in the service until the close of the war. He was captured in Ohio, and spent about eighteen months of the time in prison at Camp Morton and Camp Douglass. At the close of the war he returned to Kentucky, and was located there until 1868, when he came to Henry County, Missouri, and here he has since resided, following farming and stock raising. His farm contains 202 acres of good land and well improved, with a fine residence, barn and orchard. Mr. C. is one of the largest stock feeders in the township, and usually feeds about 100 head, and he owns some fine stock. He is a. member of Tebo Lodge, No. 68, A. F. and A. M. July 22, 1862, he was married to Miss Celia Kimbrell, who was born in the State of Kentucky, December, 1837. Her death occurred August 26, 1882, and she left two charming daugh- ters: Alice D., and Fannie R. ALBERT COWDEN, farmer and stock raiser, section 7. was born in Boone County, Missouri, February 27, 1847, his parents being Robert A. and Catherine (Steffy) Cowden, natives of Virginia. He was the fifth of a family of seven children. His youth was spent on his father's farm and in attending the district schools of this county, and after arriving at his majority he engaged in farming. In 1867 he removed to Henry County, Missouri, BIOGRAPHICAL. 679 and has since resided here, following farming and stock raising. He owns 150 acres of land, of which 140 acres ^re in a high state of cultivation, and upon it is a fine residence, built in 1879. I" the spring of 1864 Mr. C. enlisted in Captain Ballard's Company, General Price's Army, with whom he remained until the close of the war. He is a member of the Baptist Church. March 29, 1877, Mr. Cowden married Miss Laura Cov- ington, a native of Henry County, Missouri, born October 2, 1859. They have two children, Owen and Charley. N. A. FIELDS. farmer, section 31, is a pioneer of this county, having came here May 10, 1834, and he is now the oldest settler in Fields' Creek Township. He was born in Grayson County, Virginia, February 24, 1812, and was a son of Joseph and Margaret (Hash) Fields. The former, a native of Guilford County, North Carolina, was born in 1761 and died in 1844. He went to Grayson County, Virginia, when a young man, and was there married in 1780. His wife was born in that county in 1764, and was there reared. They had a family of twelve children. In 1834 N. A. Fields accompanied his parents to Henry County, Missouri, settling where he now resides. He was the first deputy sheriff of Henry County, Missouri, appointed by the governor of the state. He early entered about 1,600 acres of land, and now owns some 700 acres. Mr. F. was married April 27, 1837, to Miss Mary E. Graham, a native of Smythe County, Virginia, born Decem- ber 9, 1816, and her parents were Robert and Catherine (Crockett) Graham, both originally from Virginia, who settled in Johnson County, Missouri, in 1833, where they died. Mr. and Mrs. F. have a family of eight children, Margaret C, Mary M., Amanda, Selest, Helen G., Telitha G., James E. and Sarah E. They have lost three, Robert G., Joseph and an infant. W. H. GRANT, farmer, section 24, is the owner of a farm consisting of 90 acres of improved land, underlaid by a strata of good coal forty inches thick. He is a native of Lafayette County, Missouri, born August 4, 1840. His parents were Vincent O. and Sarah A. (Burks) Grant, the former of Genessee County, New York, was born July 24, 18 12, and was a son of John and Mary (Osgood) Grant, natives of New York. Vincent O. was reared in his native state, and later went to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, with his parents, and while there served as sheriff for two years. He was a carpenter by trade, and in 1836 moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and in 1837 to Glasgow. There he was married October 9, 1839, his wife having been born in Jackson County, Alabama, October 31, 1818. She was a daughter of William and Sallie (Frost) Burks, of that state, and with 680 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. the family settled in Boone County, Missouri, in 1827. They came to Henry County in 1842, where they died. The subject of this sketch located in Clinton Township, Henry County, Missouri, in 1841, moving- to where he now resides in 1871. His father died March 17, 1880, leav- ing three children, W. H., Thankful Ann and Thomas A. His mother still survives. W. H. Grant was married November 8, i860, to Miss Emily A. Childers, a native of Logan County, Kentucky, born August 17, 1838. She was a daughter of George W. and Cassandra (Yeates) Childers, who were born and reared in Adair County. The father was born in 1814, and died September 18, 1882, while the mother, who was born in 1813, died in 1854. They settled in Henry County, Missouri, in 1841. Mr. and Mrs. G. have a family of four children living: Charles H., Anna A., Mary F. and Sarah A. They have lost three, Thomas B., William and an infant. Mr. Grant served in the late war as a member of the Eighth Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry. He is a Mason in good standing, belonging to Tebo Lodge at Clinton. F. C. HOLLAND, . farmer, section 32, is one of Henry County's earliest pioneers, having- come to the county in 1837 with his parents, Whitemill and Jane (Alex- ander) Holland, they settling near Brownington. He is a native of Trigg County, Kentucky, and was born January 15, 1819. His father was born in North Carolina in 1794 and was married in Kentucky, Mrs. H. being a native of that state. They had a family of nine children, ot whom F. C. was the eldest. He was married December 6, 1849, in Mis- souri to Miss Eliza A. Arnett, who came orginally from Bath County, Kentucky, born April 8, 1823. She was a daughter of Ahi and Parmelia (Evans) Arnett, both Kentuckians by birth. The former was born in 1800 and the latter in 1802. To them were born ten children, and of these Eliza was the eldest. The family moved to Montgomery County, Illinois, and later to Henry County, Missouri, in 1842. Mr. Holland and his wife settled in Clinton Township after their marriage and remained there till 1867, then moving to where they now reside. The farm con- sists of eighty acres of fine land, improved and well watered. They have reared a large family of children and are known for their kindness to orphans. They have lived to see Henry County in all the varied stages of her growth, and during the late war afforded relief to many widows and orphans. They are both members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. CONSTANTINE KECK, farmer, section 28, owes his nativity to Germany, where he was born July 4, 1835, his parents being M. J. and Margaret Keck, nee Kerns, also BIOGRAPHICAL. 68l originally of Germany. The latter died, leaving a family seven children: Michael, Catharine. Constantine, Herman, Carl, Margaret and Kilean. The senior Keck, subsequently married Miss E. C. Lefler, of Germany.. By this union there were two children, Anna and Isabel. When sixteen years of age, Constantine Keck emigrated to America, landing at New Orleans, going thence to St. Louis, Missouri, and finally he located at Boonville. In 1863 he came to Henry County, and during the late war was engaged in carrying passengers and the United States mail from Clinton to Sedalia. January 21, 1864. he was married to Miss Emaline Holly, of Montgomery County, Ohio, born October 9, 1843, and a daugh- ter of Daniel and Catherine Holly, both natives of Germany, who came to America, and finally settled in St. Clair County, Missouri. Mrs. Holly died in 1863, at the age of fifty-three years, but Mr. H. is now a resident of Sedalia, and is seventy-nine years old. They had eight children, besides Emaline, viz: Barbara, Phoebe, Elizabeth, Rudolph, Daniel, Ken- nel, Lou and Catharine. In 1866 Mr, Keck located where he at present resides, and now has a well improved farm of 160 acres, upon which is a fine brick house of eight rooms, costing $3,000. His other buildings are among the best in the township. He and his wife have five children: Joseph F., Katie, Herman, John and Fred. S. W. LEWIS, farmer and stock raiser, section 6, is the son of Robert Lewis, a native of Virginia, who removed to St. Louis County, Missouri, in 1818, remain- ing there until 1855, when he located in Cass County. S. W. was born- in that county December 30, 1855. His mother's maiden name was- Lucy Bacon, and she was also born in Missouri. Young Lewis spent his boyhood days on a farm and has since followed the occupation of farming, and in 1863 he came with his mother to Henry County, where he has continued to live. He was educated in the common schools of this vicinity, and also attended William Jewell College. His farm con- tains 203 acres of some of the finest land in the county, and is well improved. March 6, 1879, Mr. Lewis married Miss S. P. Covington, a daughter of John O. and Elizabeth (Barke) Covington. Her father was born in Delaware January 19, 1819, and came to Henry County, Mis- souri, in 1840. His death occurred September 13, 1863. Her mother was born in Kentucky July 13, 1825. Mrs. Lewis was born in Henry County, Missouri, April 2, 1862. They have two children, Ann B. and Alvia. JAMES M. LINDSAY, one of the early settlers of Henry County, was born in Madison, Rock- ingham County, North Carolina, February 2, 18 16. His father, Reuben* 682 IIISTOKV OF HENKV COUNTY. ! Lindsay was born in Virginia; he died in 1827. The maiden name of ! his mother was Sarah Wall, and she was born and reared in North Caro- lina. James Lindsay emigrated to Henry County, Missouri, in 1836, and settled in Fields' Creek Township, five miles north of Clinton, and was long numbered among the leading citizens of the county: He was twice married; first to Miss Mary A. Fox, of Kentucky, who died in 1847; his second marriage occurred September 23, 1848, to Miss S. Stone, a native of North Carolina. She was a daughter of S. Stone, originally of Salem, Stokes County, North Carolina. He was a large planter, and held various ipositions of honor and trust, but owing to impaired health, he came to \ Missouri, thinking a change of climate would be beneficial, having been induced to come to this locality, through his sons who had preceded him. Mr. Lindsay was engaged largely in farming and handling stock. He died August 28, 1864. His widow and daughter still survive him. Mrs. Lindsay, has in her possession a chair, which has long been in the family, and it is now 240 years old. It was made in early colonial days in Maryland, and from there taken to North Carolina, and thence to Missouri. R. T. LINDSAY, farmer and feeder of cattle, section 10, is one of the pioneers of this ' county, and was born in Rockingham County, North Carolina, April 3, 11827. His father, Reuben Lindsay, a native of Maryland, born in 1787, •moved with his parents to Rockingham County, North Carolina, when three years old, and was there reared and educated, later in life becom- ; ing an extensive planter and speculator in tobacco. He married Miss ! Sarah Walls in 1815, she being a native of Culpeper County, Virginia, \ born in 1790. After this event they settled in North Carolina. To them were born five children : Joshua, James, Morrison A., Robert arrd R. T. "The senior Lindsay, who had served as quartermaster at Norfolk, Vir- iginia, during the war of 1812, died in 1827, and his widow, with the fam- ily, came to Henry County, Missouri, settling where R. T. now resides. She was married a second time in 1844 to William Fewell and subse- quently returned to North Carolina where she died in April, 1865. The ! subject of this sketch is the only child of the family, now living. He •took up his permanent location in this county in 1839, and until the :spring of 1840 lived in Tebo Tjownship, at that time moving to his pres- ent residence. He was the second settler in Fields' Creek Township. Joseph Fields having preceded him only a short time. He was married I April 28, 1856, to Miss Margaret C. Stone, a native of Stokes County, ' North Carolina, born January 16, 1825, and a daughter of Salathiel and Jane (Close) Stone. Her father was born in Davidson County, North ., Carolina, in 1786, and died in 1862, while her mother, originally of Stokes ' County, was born in 1796, and died in 1872. They were married in 181 1 BIOGRAPHICAL. 683 and in 1847 came to Henry County, Missouri. They had a family of twelve children: Rebecca, Margaret, Eliza, C. D. C, C. L., Minerva, Flavety, John C, Susan, S. A., Nancy C. and Jesse T. After his mar- riage Mr. Lindsay and his wife settled in this township where Mrs. L. died March 2, 1881, leaving four children: James D., born November 7, 1857; Sarah J., born June 5, 1859; Reuben T., born November 2, 1861; and John S. W., born October 25, 1866. Mr. Lindsay's second marriage occurred July 28, 1881, to Mrs. C. A. Cummings, whose maiden name was Stone and a sister of his former wife. Her first husband, Rev. James Cummings, a native of North Carolina, who was born in 1826, died in this state, leaving two sons living: David S. and James F.; one, Jesse, was deceased. Mrs. Lindsay was born in North Carolina January 3, 1831, and accompanied her parents on their move to Missouri. During the late war Mr. L. served in the Sixteenth Regiment Missouri Volun- teer Infantry. He is a Royal Arch Mason and the family are members of the M. E. Church, South. WESLEY LOUDERMILK, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, owes his nativity to Caldwell County, North Carolina, where he was born September 27, 1838, being a son of Jacob and Sarah (Bently) Loudermilk, who came originally from the same county. They are now residents of Sangamon County, Illinois. Wesley began life for himself as a farmer. In 185 1 he went to Iowa, and in 1852 removed to Livingston County, Missouri, going thence in 1854 to Sangamon County, Illinois. In 1867 he first came to Henry County, Missouri, and settled in Deer Creek Township, where he farmed until December 2, 1868, then purchasing his present farm. This con- tains 130 acres of well improved land, situated one and one-half miles south of Clinton. His buildings are excellent, his residence being one of the best in the township. Mr. L. was married in Sangamon County, February 12, 1863, to Miss Minnie Organ, who was born in that county March 20, 1846. Her parents were George and Mary (Foster) Organ, Kentuckians by birth. The former is still living. Mr. and Mrs. Louder- milk have a family of five children: Alice, Iva, Ella, Arthur, and Maude. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Tebo Lodge No. 68. EDWARD CRESAP McCARTY was born in Hampshire County, Virginia, July 4, 1805, and is a direct descendant of some of the leaders of old revolutionary families. His paternal grandfather was a captain in the Virginia militia and partici- pated in the battles of Brandywine, Germantown and Trenton, and was under the command of Lafayette at the surrender of Cornwallis at York- 684 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. town. His maternal grandfather, was also a commissioned officer in Maryland. On the death of his father in 1828 Edward, as the oldest of a family of eight children, became the head of the household, and in the following year, with his mother and the family, he removed to Missouri and located on a tract of land in Saline County, where he remained till 1846. He then sold his farm and for several years was engaged in freighting government stores, and also in the Santa Fe trade. In 185a he ceased that business and moved to Jackson County, Missouri, where he gave his attention to farming. In 1857 he embarked in the commis- sion and forwarding business, and soon after was elected cashier of the branch of the Mechanics' Bank of St. Louis, situated at Kansas City. This position he filled until 1863, when he resigned and, returning to Saline County, resided there till the close of the war, when he came to Henry County. He found a wife in the person of Miss Mary Brown, a daughter of Judge B. B. Brown, of Virginia, and by this union there are eleven children living, Burnis C, Nora B., (now Mrs. R. McCarty) Bet- tie, Ruth, (now Mrs. E. Allison) Mary B., Nannie, Fannie, Charles I., James E., Edverda, Patrick H. They lost one daughter, Annie. In his political affiliations Mr. McCarty was an old line Whig, and as such was elected a member of the lower house of the general assembly of the state of Missouri, from Jackson County. In later years he has acted in the interest of the Democratic party. For almost half a century he has been a member of the Masonic fraternity, and was appointed by the Grand Lodge to superintend the erection of the building for the Masonic College at Lexington, Missouri. RICHARD McCARTY, farmer and stock raiser, section 15, is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Woodford County, September 14, 1827, being the son of Dennis and Ellen (Tombling) McCarty, natives of Virginia. In 1830 they came to Howard County, Missouri, and remained there until Richard was nine years old, when they removed to Boone County, which was their home for about six years. After this they spent two years in Cole County, next settling at Boonville. Young McCarty received his edu- cation in the common schools of the state, and in 1850 he went to Cali- fornia, where he followed mining and selling groceries for about three years. Returning to Missouri he bought cattle and in 1854 went back to California, and until 1857 was occupied in trading in cattle. He then retraced his steps to Missouri, and dealt in horses and mules at Boon- ville. At the commencecent of the late war he raised Company B, of Parson's Regiment, and was captain of the company for one year, when he was appointed recruiting officer for Gen. Price. He was in the bat- tles of Boonville, Wilson's Creek and Dry Wood, and was made prisoner BIOGRAPHICAL. 685 in 1863, and was taken to Fayette, Arkansas. He surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana. After the close of the war Mr. McCarty fol- lowed farming- in Texas one year, and in 1866 he again located at Boon- ville, where he was in the livery business until 1868. Comingto Clinton, Henry County, Missouri, he embarked in the grocery trade with Mr. Allison. After living in Clinton for about two years he resumed agri- cultural pursuits. His farm contains 160 acres of good land. He is a member of Tebo Lodge No. 68, A. F. & A. M. January 8, 1868, Mr. McC. married Miss Nora McCarty, a daughter of Col. E. C. McCarty. They have five children: Edward, Richard, Ruth, Burnis and Mary E. WILLIAM J. McCULLUM, farmer and stock raiser, section 2. The subject of this sketch was born in Hardin County, Kentucky, October i, 1845, his parents being Macon and Jane (Miller) McCullum, Kentuckians by birth. William J. was the fifth of a family of seven children. When he was about four years old the family started from Kentucky to Iowa. The night after taking the boat at Louisville his father was missing, and no trace of him could ever be found. The supposition was that he was drowned. His mother and family continued there journey and settled in Iowa, where they remained two years, then moving to Scotland County, Missouri. There the sub- ject of this sketch was reared and educated, and upon arriving at man- hood he engaged in farming, which he has since followed. In 1874 he came to Henry County. His farm embraces 140 acres of good land, well improved and all in cultivation. Mr. McC. has always taken a great interest in educational matters. Septem.ber 8, 1872, he was married to Miss T. Patterson, a native of Iowa. They have two children, Alva and Ida May. GEORGE B. McLEOD, farmer and stock raiser, section 21, was born in Morgan County, Mis- souri, July 4, 1847, being the son of William H. McLeod, a farmer by occupation, and Martha (Salmon) McLeod, both natives of North Caro- lina. George B. was the fifth of a family of seven children. He remained with his parents in Missouri until twelve years old, when he went to the state of Georgia with his grandfather, F. H. McLeod. There he continued to reside until 1866, receiving his education in the public schools and the military college at Marietta, Georgia. In 1866 he returned to Missouri and lived in Morgan County until the fall of 1867, when he came to Clinton, clerking in Salmon & Stone's Bank for ten months. Since that time he has followed farming and the raising and ship- ping of stock. His farm contains 160 acres, 1 10 acres of which are in culti- vation and under improvements, and it is well adapted for a stock 686 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. farm. Beneath it is a good vein of coal. Mr. McLeod was in the Georgia state service a short time during the war, and then enlisted in Company A, Battalion of Georgia Cadets. He was discharged at Augusta in May 1865. October 25, 1875, he married Miss Tabitha Fields, a daughter of N. A. Fields. She was born in Henry County, Missouri, January 4, 1853. They have two children, Catherine A. and Helen E. Mr. and Mrs. McLeod are members of the Cumberland Presb3'terian Church. WILLIAM MUNSON, a native of New York, was born August 14, 1823. His father, Frederick Munson, came originally from the same state. At the age of four years young Munson was taken to Portage County, Ohio, where he remained three years. Thence he removed to Muskingum County, and was edu- cated there. In 1846 he located in Green County, Wisconsin, and fol- lowed lead mining until March, 1865, when he went to Cole County, Illi- nois, farming in that vicinity for two years. In 1867 he came to Henry County, Missouri. He now has a farm of 470 acres of land, north of Clinton and 118 acres, where he lives, all well improved and surrounded with a hedge fence. He is feeding eighty head of cattle. Mr. M. was married November 15, 1846, to Miss Cynthia Trembley, of Ohio. They had eight children, Nannie A., Samuel W., Frederick F., Lucy C, Charles E., Cynthia E., Ida and Edgar C. Mrs. Munson's death occurred Novem- ber 15, 1874. February 22, 1879, he married Miss Sarah A. Smith. Mr. M. held the office of county judge from 1870 to 1876. His son, S. W. Munson, was born in Green County, Wisconsin, December 24, 1847. His youth was spent on the farm and he received his education in the com- mon schools of Wisconsin. He accompanied his parents on their move to Henry County, and has since resided here, following farming and stock raising. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, Frederick Munson was born in the same county and state as his brother, August 18, 1852. He was educated in the schools of Henry County and the State University at Columbia. He is connected with the Cumber- land Presbj'terian Church, and is also a member of the I. O. O. F. fra- ternity and commandery. Their farm is well improved, aud upon it they are feeding thirty head of cattle. They also have eighteen head of horses and mules. JOHN ODLE, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Franklin County, Indiana, March 6, 1835, being the son of John and Dorothy (Pertra) Odle. He was the youngest of a family of nine children. When about three years old his parents removed to Ray County, where he was reared to manhood on a farm, receiving his education in the common schools. He followed farm- BIOGRAPHICAL. 687" ing in that county until i860, when he came to Henry County, and here he has since resided, criving his attention to agricultural pursuits. His- farm contains 120 acres of well improved land. He has held the offices- of school director and road overseer. September 3, 1857, Mr. Odle mar- ried Miss Jeanette M. Wiggins, who died June 5. 1869, leaving four child- ren: Calvin, Annie, James W. and John H. January 16, 1870, he mar- ried Mary J. Martin. They have six children: Emilo, Frank, Ralph,. Lee, Grove and Kilby. Mr. Odle is a member of the Cumberland Pres- byterian Church. D. E. PRICE, farmer, section 33, a native of Washington County, Virginia, was born in^ 1842. His father, R. M. Price, married Miss Jane Dishman, and they also* were originally from Washington County. In 1867 they came to Henry County, Missouri, but in 1873 returned to Virginia. The subject of this sketch was brought up and educated in the state yf his birth, and during the late war served in Company I, Forty-eighth Regiment Virginia Vol- unteer Infantry. In 1867 he accompanied his parents to Missouri, set- tling where he now resides and has since devoted his time and attention to the tilling of the soil. In 1871 he married Miss Sarah R. Stolling who' was born in Henry County, Missouri, in 1852, being a daughter of Jacob and Jennie (Estus) Stolling of Virginia. She was brought up and attended school in this county. Mr. and Mrs. Price have a family of four children: Minnie, Gertrude, Sterling and Raleigh. They are bothi members of the Christian Church. GEORGE W. SINKS, farmer and stock raiser, section 8, was born in Hamilton County, Illinois, August 3, 1837, his parents being Paul and Elizabeth (Lyle) Sinks,, natives of Virginia. When George was twelve years old, they removed to St. Louis County, Missouri, where he resided until nineteen years of age, then returning to Illinois. He farmed in Hancock County, for about eighteen months, after which he worked at the cooper's trade for fourteen months in southern Illinois. In 1858 he crossed the plains to- Pike's Peak, but in about three months retraced his steps to Illinois. August 3, 1859. Mr. Sinks married Miss Armelia Lambrith, a native of Kentucky. He followed farming in Illinois until 1865, when he went to Kansas, farmed there until 1868 and then came to Henry County, Missouri. His farm embraces 197 acres, all under fence and v/elli' improved, upon which is a good house, barn and orchard. Mr. S. handles some cattle and hogs and also owns a number of fine cattle. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and belongs to the Encampment. He and his wife have a family of five children: Armila, William, LewiSj. Walter and Arthur. Mr. Sinks is connectedv/ith the M. E. Church. 688 HISTORY OF HEXRV COUNTY. L. A. SPANGLER. The subject of this sketch was born in McDonough County, Illi- nois, March 20, 1850. His father, Lewis Spangler, a native of Ken- tucky, came to Henry County, Missouri, in 1858. He married Miss Har- riet Sarles, originally from New York. L. A. was the eighth of a family ■of ten children. In 1863 his father returned to Illinois, where they remained a short time, then going to Idaho, where he followed farming four years. In 1863 he moved to Cass County, Missouri, and farmed until 1876, when he came to Henry County. There he has since resided, giving his attention to farming and the handling of stock. His educa- tion was obtained in the common schools of Missouri. Mr: S. is a mem- ber of Tebo Lodge, No. 68, A. F. & A. M., Signet Royal Arch Chapter and commandery. October 26, 1882, he married Miss Fannie Houston. She was born in Henry County, Missouri, October 19, 1863. WILLIAM STEEPS, farmer and stock raiser, section 29, was born in Germany in 1829. When about twent}' years of age he emigrated to America, and was engaged in farming near Milwaukee, Wisconsin, until 1867. when he came to Henry County, Missouri, and here he has since made his home, giving his attention to tilling the soil. His farm contains 140 acres of some of the richest land in the county and this is in a high state of cultivation, and the improvements are excellent. He handles stock quite exten- sively and has over 100 head of cattle. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. After settling in Wisconsin Mr. Steeps was married to Miss Dora Purath, a native of Germany. They have four children: Minnie, Ella, William and Johnnie. Mr. S. is connected with the M. E. Church. JOHN W. TAYLOR, farmer, section 32, originally of Woodford County, Kentucky, was born October 6, 1834, his parents being Richard and Caroline Ta\-lor, 7iee Whittinger, natives of the same county. The former was born in 1807, and is now a resident of Honey Creek Township, this county, the latter •died in 1841. They had a family of three children, of whom John W. was the oldest, and the only child now living. He started in life for himself in Kentucky as an agriculturist, and in i860 removed to Henry County, Missouri, settling where he now resides in the spring ot 1868. February 5, 1861, he married Miss Nancy Nash, who was born in Henry County, Missouri, March 15, 1841. She was a daughter of James and Sarah (Pegg) Nash, Tennesseeans by birth, who emigrated to Missouri in 1832, and located upon the present site of Calhoun. During the late war Mr. T. was in Colonel Owens' resfiment. He and his wife have a BIOGRAPHICAL. 689 family of two children. Kate F. was born January 21, 1862, and Wil- liam E. born September 17, 1867. They are both connected with the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Mr. T. is also a member of the Masonic fraternity. ELI WADE. The subject of this sketch was born in Floyd County, Virginia, Janu- ary 20, 1837, being the son of Owen and Lavina (Fliger) Floyd, natives of Virginia. Eli was the third of a family of twelve children. His youth was passed on the farm in Virginia, and he received a common school education, following farming until 1871, when he began working at wagon making and carpentering in Tennessee and Illinois. In 1872 he removed to Lafayette County, Missouri, giving his attention to farming two years, after which he worked at wagon making in Higginsville for three years. In 1876 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and remained in Clinton for one year. Since that time he has been occupied in farm- ing. In March, i88q, he took charge of the county farm and has con- tinued to manage it to the entire satisfaction of the citizens of the county. In 1861 he enlisted in Company D, Fifty-fourth Virginia Infantry, and was sergeant of his compan}'. At Bentonville he was captured and taken to Point Lookout, where he was confined for three months. He is a member of the M. E. Church, South. Mr. Wade was married November 14, 1874, to Miss Bettie Albine, of Lafayette County, Missouri. They have two children: Laura and Herbie. They have lost one child, Edgar. JOSEPH WHITE is a native of Brown County, Indiana, and was born September 13, 1834. His father, Michael White, a Virginian by birth, was a farmer by occu- pation, while his. mother came originally from Tennessee; her maiden name was Elizabeth Robertson. Joseph was the fourth of a family of thirteen children. His youth was spent on the farm and he received his education in common schools. When 21 years old he engaged in farm- ing and stock raising in Indiana, which he followed there until 1864. Then he removed to Cass County, Missouri, and remained there until 1868, tvhen he came to Henr}^ County, where he has since resided. His farm contains 610 acres, 520 acres in cultivation, embracing the best of land and well improved. Mr. White is a large stock raiser and feeder. He is one of the directors in the Henry County Bank. He was married May 21, 1856, to Miss Lavina Mitchell, a native of Pennsylvania. They have four children, Nancy, wife of Albert Allen, J. R., O. P., G. Lee. He is a member of Tebo Lodge, No. 68, A. F. & A. M. 44 690 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. BOGARD TOWNSHIP. JOHN W. BYERS, physician and surgeon, section 17, was born in Sullivan County, Tennes- ' see, April 5, 1829. His father, Benjamin Byers, a native of Maryland,' was a cabinet maker by trade. He removed to Tennessee and was mar- | ried there to Mary Owen. They raised a family of six children, the sub- ject of this sketch being the the third. His youth was spent in Tennes- see, and he received his education in the schools of that state and Vir- ginia. When nineteen years old he entered the office of Dr. A. C. Maxwell, of Washington County, Virginia, with whom he read medicine for about three years, when he began the practice of his chosen pro- fession. In 1855 he went to Kentucky and practiced there until 1865, then becoming an attendant at the Bellevue Medical College. After one term, in June, 1866, he graduated at Long Island Medical College. Returning to Kentucky, he resided there until 1867, when he came toj Missouri, stopped in Johnson County a short time and then removed to] Henry County. In 1873 he went to Arkansas and stayed until 1876,1 when he returned to Henry County. Here he has since been having aj successful practice. His farm contains eighty acres of choice land well! improved. The doctor is a member of the Presbyterian Church. June! 23, 1859, he married Emila J. Bofferd, a native of Kentucky. She died February 6, 1863. They had lost two children. He was again married May 7, 1867, to Sarah J. Bankinship, also of Kentucky. They have three { children: Herschel M., John M. and Benjamin Owen. RICHARD S. CORWINE, 1 farmer and stock feeder, section 28, was born February 9, 1813, in Mason j County, Kentucky, and was the son of George Corwine, a native of New! Jersey, who, when only five years old went to Kentucky with his parents,! where he was reared and then married Miss Nancy Thornton, a Vir-j ginia by birth. The subject of this sketch was the third child in the famih'. His youthful days were spent on his father's farm, his education! being received in the subscription schools. When nineteen years old he| went to Indianapolis, Indiana, and there worked at house carpentering for two years, when he became engaged in farming in Henry County, Indiana, though following his trade a part of the time. In 1872 he removed to Henry County, Missouri, and has since given his attention ¥ BIOGRAPHICAL. 691 to farming. His farm contains 160 acres surrounded and subdivided with hedge fence, well improved, etc. January 28, 1835, Mr. C. married Elizabeth B. Thornton, who was born May 21, 1813, in Mason County, Kentucky. They have seven children: George, Mary, Lucindia, Wil- liam, Richard, Ruth and John. They lost three children: Amanda C, Nancy A. and an infant. Mr. and Mrs Corwine and all their children are members of the Christian Church. DANIEL R. GARRISON, farmer and stock raiser section 4, was born in Woodford, Illinois, July 4, 1842. His father, Jacob J. Garrison, was a native of New Jersey. He followed steamboating for a number of years and then engaged in farm- ing. D. R. was the oldest of a family of five children. When he was fourteen years old his parents removed to Henry County, where he was brought up a farmer, being educated in the common schools. Upon arriving at manhood he commenced tilling the soil and now has a farm containing eighty acres of choice land, well improved. In [861 he enlisted in Company A, Seventh Missouri State Militia, and remained in the field for about three years. January 20, 1866, Mr. Garrison was married to Miss Eliza Dunham, a native of Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. G. are leading members of the United Brethren Church. CHARLES I. GOOCH, farmer and stock raiser, section 22, was born in Mason County, Ken- tucky, July 20, 1828. His father, Charles I. Gooch, was a horse dealer, and a native of Virginia. In 1800 he removed to Kentucky, where he married Tabitha Walton, a Virginian by birth. Young Charles was the sixth in a family of seven children. He was reared on a farm in Ken- tucky, and received his education in the subscription schools and commercial college at Covington. In 185 1 he came west and stopped at the town of Boonville, engaging in farming near there, where he remained for five years. In 1856 he was informed by an old friend of the excellent land to be entered in Henry County, and accordingly he came here and entered his land, which now constitutes a farm of 340 acres, under fence and improved, with a good house, barn and orchard. A superior vein of coal is on this farm. February 7, 1857, Mr. Gooch married Miss Sophia Ililigas, a native of Ohio. They have seven child- ren, Martha, Mary, Lucy, George, Henry and Eddie, living, and one, Samuel, deceased. WILLIAM W. HALL, tarmer and stock raiser, section 13, was born in Stokes County, North Carolina, March 26, 1823. His parents were William and Rhoda (Read- 692 rilSTORV OF HENRY COUNTY. I ford) Hall, also natives of North Carolina. The subject of this sketch' was the third of fourteen children, and when he was nine years old the family removed to Moniteau County, Missouri, when he was brought up| to labor on a farm. For a time he attended the subscription schools,! and when about 25 years old, engaged in farming, which occupation he; has since followed. In 1870 he came to Henry County. His farm is one! of the best improved in the township, and is well adapted to the raising of stock and grain. It contains 410 acres. Mr. Hall is a large cattlej feeder. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and also belongs to the' Masonic fraternity. March g, 1847, he was married to Miss Nancy J.i McDaniel. She was born in Cole County, Missouri, March 29, 1829- They have nine children, Rhoda J., John W., James R., Sarah A., Fan-] nie E., Jackson D., Henry O., Van Buren and Alonzo E. i J. D. HALL. ; The subject of this sketch came originally from Stokes County, North Carolina, where he was born October 11, 1828, the son of Williami and Rhoda Hall, nee Readford, who were also born in North Carolina.! J. D. was the seventh of a family of fourteen children. When he was about six years old his parents took up their residence in Moniteauj County, Missouri, and here he was reared to manhood on a farm and educated in the subscription schools of the county. From the age of twenty to twenty-five years, he worked at blacksmithing, after which he, became interested in the occupation of farming, which he has since' continued. In 1868 he removed to Henry County. His farm consists of 280 acres, all under fence, and is giving some attention to the cattle business, feeding at present about forty-five head. July 20, 1858, Mr. Halli married Miss Mary Cornell, a native of Jackson County, Missouri, born November 16, 183 1. They have seven children : Walter F., Oreon O., Jessie D., Alice C, Albert H., Hickman B. and Cora Belle. Mr. H. is connected with the Baptist Church, and is also a member of the Masonic order. \ RICHARD JEFFERSON, farmer, section 4, was born in the state of Delaware, November 16, 18 16, being the son of Isaac and Sarah (Groves) Jefferson, natives of Dela- ware. The former was a soldier in the war of 1812. Richard was the oldest of a family of nine children, six of whom grew up and only one of the family ever married. When he was an infant one year old he was taken to Kentuck3^ where he remained until 1821, then removing to Callaway County, Missouri. They lived there and in Benton, Platte anci Buchanan Counties until 1857, when Richard Jefferson came to Henry County, and engaged in farming and stock raising. His farm contains BIOGRAPniCAL. 693 216 acres of good land, well improved. His sister keeps house for him and is an excellent manager of household affairs. J. B. KNIPE, farmer and stock raiser, section ij, was born in Fayette County, Indiana, March 26, 1830, his parents, Thomas and Agnes (Briggs) Knipe, being natives of England. Young Knipe was the ninth of a family of ten children. His youth was spent on the farm in Indiana and he received his education in the common schools of that state, following farming and trading in stock until 1868, when he removed to Henry County, Missouri. Here he resumed the same calling, He owns 220 acres which will compare favorably with any in the county, as a stock and grain farm. Mr. Knipe is one of the largest stock feeders in the township. November 18, 1852, he was married to Miss Nancy M. Milliner, a native of Indiana. Her death occurred December 12, 1873. He has lost three children: Marshall E., Alsa F. and Lina M. He is a member of the Christian Church. THOMAS B. LITTLEJOHN, farmer and stock raiser, section 21, was born in the city of Brooklyn, New York, May 19, 1859. His father, Duncan Littlejohn, was a native of England, and for many years was a leading merchant and importer of Brooklyn. His mother's maiden name was Robina Woodford, also a native of New York. Thomas was the youngest of a family of five children, three sons and two daughters. He received his education in the schools of his native city, and when only sixteen years old became employed as a clerk in a large drug house in New York City. He held that responsible position for about two years. In 1877 he turned his face towards the West, and, becoming pleased with the appearance of the fertile prairies of Henry County, cast his lot with her people and engaged in agricultural pursuits. His farm, containing 320 acres, is well improved. Mr. L. is a large raiser and feeder of cattle. October 3, 1881, he was married to Miss Sarah Richardson, a most estimable lady and a daughter of D. C. Richardson. She was born in Cass County, Indiana, April 24, 1863. They have one child, Robina, born October 5, 1882. Mr. Littlejohn is a leading member of the Baptist Church. MILLER BROTHERS are prominent merchants at Urich. The firm is composed of Henry F. and R. F. Miller. The former was born in Bedford County, Pennsyl- vania, August 8, 1842, and was the son of Jonathan and Sarah A. (Gump) Miller, natives of that same county and state. The subject of this sketch was the oldest of a family of ten children, six sons and four daughters. 694 HISTORY or henr\ county. When eleven years old he removed to Illinois with his parents, where \ they remained on a farm until 1857, then coming to Henry County, Mis- souri. Henry lived on his father's farm until April i, 1862, when he enlisted in Company G, Seventh Missouri State Militia. He was dis- charged April 20, 1862, after which he returned home and engaged in farming. In May, 1880 he embarked in general merchandising at Urich, and in May, 1881, he entered into partnership with his brother. They ' carry a large stock of general merchandise and do a good business. Henry F. also owns a fine farm of eighty acres near the town. He held the office of township collector for three years, and that of justice of the | peace for four years. March 7, 1876, he married Miss Nancy Page, a native of Henry County, Missouri. They have a family of three child- 1 ren, Iney, Jonathan and Erastus. Mr. and Mrs. Miller are members of ] the Baptist Church. •Rhotew F. Miller, of this firm, was born in Henry County, Missouri, July 7, 1861. He also remained on his father's farm until sixteen years old, when he started in the mercantile business as salesman for J. A. Wells & Son, at Urich, being with them until 1881, when he formed a , partnership with his brother. He is a wide awake and energetic young business man. and is bound to succeed in his undertakings. S. M. OVERBEY. farmer and stock raiser, section 15, has in his possession a farm contain- ing 200 acres of well improved land, upon which is a good house and orchard. He was born in Halifax County, Virginia, March 30, 1831. His father, Zachariah Overbey, a farmer by occupation, was a native of Virginia, as was also his mother, Elizabeth. S. M. was the second in a family of ten children. When he was about three years old his parents 1 removed to Kentucky, where he grew up on a farm, obtaining a common school education. When twenty-one years of age he engaged in farm- ing, and in 1862 he enlisted in Company D, Eighth Kentucky Cavalry, ' being discharged in 1863. In the fall of the same year he was commis- sioned captain of Company C, Seventeenth Kentucky Cavalry. He was mustered out in 1865, after having participated in several most impor- tant battles. After the war Mr. Overbey returned to Kentucky, where he followed farming until 1867, when he came to Henry County, Mis- souri. He has held the office of township trustee. September 30, 1852, I he married Miss Margaret C. Reed, a Kentuckian by birth, born April 28, 1829. They have six children living: John A., William W., Eugene R., Robert A.. Fannie E. and Maggie. The}- have lost five children. Mr. O. is a member of ihe M. E. Church. BIOGRAPHICAL. 695 LTNDILLE McB. PAGE, farmer and school teacher, is one of the pioneers of Henry County. He was born in Lafayette County, Missouri, April 27, 1833, and is the son of Joseph and Sallie (Wade) Page, the former a native of North Caro- lina, and the latter a Virginian by birth. Joshua Page was a minister of the Christian Church, and also a school teacher. He preached the first sermon and taught the first school in Bayard Township, the latter being in a log school house in section 5- The subject of this sketch was the seventh of a family of twelve children. In 1835 his father settled in this county, and here his youth was spent on the farm and in attending the schools of the district, where he received a good education. He has remained in the county all the time since, except two and one-half years while in Texas, and he has continued the occupation of farming and teaching. His farm contains 200 acres of choice land, well improved. In 1858 he was elected justice of the peace, and has since held the office most of the time. He has also been a notary public for a number of years. He is a member of the Christian Church. May 27, 1856, Mr. Page was married to Miss Sarah J. Page, a native of Missouri. They have ten children living, Jennie, Royal M., John McB., William J., Flor- ence E., Dora D., Benjamin P., Lennie H., James J. and Richard. They have lost one child, Nancy E. JOHN POWERS, physician and surgeon, Urich, owes his nativity to Rensellaer County, New York, where he was born March 26, 1859. His father, John R. Powers, was a farmer by occupation and a native of New York, while his mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Williams, originally of Germany. When John was seven years old the senior Powers removed to Minne- sota where they remained until 1868, then coming to Henry County, Missouri. He received his education in the common schools of the county and at the State University, at Columbia. When only nineteen years old he attended the medical school at the State University and in 1880 he entered the Missouri Medical College, of St. Louis, graduating from that institution in March, 1881. In May of the same year he loca- ted at Urich, where he began the practice of his chosen profession. The doctor is having a large and successful practice and is a favorite of all who know him, and though young in years is looked upon as one of the rising members of the medical fraternity of this county. A. O. QUICK, farmer and stock raiser, section 34, was born in Johnson County, Mis- souri, September 3, 1853, ^"d was the son of D. C. Quick, a farmer and 696 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Stock raiser by occupation, who was born in Ohio, coming thence to Missouri, in 1844. Bessie E. Tannahill was the maiden name of the mother of the subject of our sketch. A. O. was reared on his father's farm, Johnson County, attending the district schools until he acquired a fair education. When twenty-two years old he engaged with his father in stock raising. In 1880 he removed to Henry County, and settled where he now resides, owning 320 acres of choice land that will average with any in in the county, and well improved. Mr. Quick has 100 head of fine cattle, 100 head of hogs, lO head of horses and mules. May 20, 1880, he was married to Miss Flora Davis, of Ohio. They have one child, Carrie, born June 5, 1881. Mr. Quick is a member of the United Brethren Church, GEORGE B. SIMPSON, farmer and stock raiser, section 21, was born in Kemp County, Canada, August 25, 1845. His father, George Simpson, was a native of Scotland, and by calling was a teacher and farmer. His mother's maiden name was Mary Truxler. George W. was the youngest in a family of three children, two sons and one daughter. He grew to manhood on the home farm and received his education in his native county. When about eighteen years old he engaged in farming, which he continued for about two years, then embarking in the milling business. This he followed until 1867, when he came to Henry County, Missouri, and resumed farm- ing. His estate embraces eighty acres of the best of land and is well improved, with a good residence and fine young orchard. In February, 1875, Mr. S. married Miss Ann Kepner, a native of Pennsylvania. They are members of the Baptist Church. They have two interesting daugh- ters, Effie and Maud. BROWNING STEWART, a prominent druggist at Urich, is a son of Harvey and Maggie (Burchnal) Stewart, the former a Virginian by birth, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania. Browning, the eldest of a family of five children, was born in the state of Virginia, October 26, 1855. When he was 12 years old his father came to Henry County, Missouri, and engaged in farming, and the son received his education in the public schools of Clinton. When he was 18 years old he began teaching school, and he taught in different parts of the county until 1881, when he engaged in the drug business at Urich. He has the only stock of drugs in the town and is enjoying a liberal patronage. May 16, 1882, Mr. Stewart married Miss May Stewart, a daughter of Dr. J. W, Stewart, She is a native of Mis- souri. Mr. S. is one of the leading men of the town, and is respected by all who know him. BIOGRAPHICAL. 69/ OLIVER E. WALLACE, M. D., physician and surgeon, at Urich, was born in Johnson County, Missouri, February 19, 1857, being the son of George W, and Margaret (Given) Wallace; his father a native of Tennessee and his mother of Missouri. Oliver was the second of a family of three children — two sons and one daughter. He was reared as a farmer's boy attending the schools of the county and the Warrensburg Normal School. In 1878 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Samuel Day, of Pittsville, with whom he remained for about eighteen months. In 1879 he entered the Physio- medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio, graduating there in March, 1881. In April of that year he located at Urich, where he began the practice of medicine, which has since been constantly increasing. During the winter of 1881-82 he returned to Cincinnati where he lectured in the college from whence he graduated. The doctor is a member of the Bap- tist Church and also belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity. December 4, 1882, he married Miss Lillie Harris, a native of Illinois. JOHN A. WELLS. The subject of this sketch resides on section 17, where he owns a fine farm of 280 acres, 180 of which are in cultivation and well improved. He is senior member of the firm of J. A. Wells & Son, merchants at Urich and Gunn City, and they carry a large stock of general merchan- dise and are enjoying an excellent trade at each place. Mr. Wells was born April 9, 1820, in Cumberland County, Kentucky, his parents being Joel and Martha (Allen) Wells, the former a native of Kentucky, and the latter of North Carolina. John A., the oldest in a family of ten children, was reared on his father's farm in Kentucky, and received his education in the subscription school. Upon arriving at manhood he became interested in farming, which he followed in Kentucky until 185 1, when he removed to Henry Countj^ Missouri. In 1859 he came to his present home. Mr. W. was in the Enrolled Missouri Militia and Home Guards during the late war. In 1866 he was elected county assessor of Henry County, and held the office for two years, and has also held the position of township clerk and assessor. December 13, 1849, he married Miss Molly A. Reed, a native of Kentucky. They are members of the Christian Church.' They have one child, Thomas W., who was born in Christian County, Kentucky, September 16, 1850. One child died in infancy. 698 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. BIG CREEK TOWNSHIP. ^ • ST ^^^^-y^i S-vz WILLIAM F. BARNETT, ■section 6, is among the thrifty farmers of Big Creek Township. He is a native of Johnson County, Missouri, and was born February 21, 1849, 'being the son of George H. Barnett, a Kentuckian by birth, who came to Missouri when a young man and located in Johnson County, where he entered land and improved a farm. He married Miss Mar^- F. Strange, also originally from Kentucky, and there continued to reside on his farm until his death in 1859. William F. Barnett grew to man- hood in the county of his birth, spending his youth on a farm. He was married there November i, 1874, to Miss Anna E. Satterwhite, a daugh- ter of John Satterwhite and a native of Virginia. Mrs. Barrett was born and reared in Johnson County. After his marriage Mr. B. farmed in that vicinity for about two and a half years, and in March, 1877, he •came to Henry County and bought the farm where he now resides. He has over 227 acres of land in fair cultivation, with a young orchard, and is now feeding sixty head of cattle and 150 hogs. Mr. and Mrs. Barnett have four children: Dora May, Daniel E., John H. and William. Mr. B. is a member of the I. O. O. F. at Norris. A. M. BUTCHER, farmer and stock feeder, section 17, was born in Licking County, Ohio, February 5, 1837. His father, Nathan Butcher, was a native of Hamp- shire County, Virginia, but removed to Ohio with his parents when a youth and settled in Licking County, being among the pioneers there. He grew to manhood, and was married in that county to Elizabeth Sil- lin, originally of Loudoun County, Virginia. After his father's death in 1843, A. M. Butcher resided with James Butcher, his grandfather, and ac- •companied him to Indiana in 1849, locating in Montgomery County. His youth was spent on a farm there and in attending the common schools, where he received a fair education. He was married October 27, 1859, to Miss Margaret E. Waugh, a daughter of Milo and Elizabeth Waugh, of Montgomery County, and after this continued to reside in Montgom- •ery County, occupied in farming and stock raising, until coming to Mis- souri in February, 1866, when he settled in Henry County. He has 440 ■acres of improved land, upon which is a good residence, barn, outbuild- ings, etc. There are about 200 acres in cultivation, the remainder being BIOGRAPHICAL. 699 pasture and timber. Mr. Butcher and his wife are members of the M. E. Church, South, and he belongs to the Masonic fraternity. He has held several local offices in his township, such as township clerk and treasurer. They have a family of nine children : Lizzie (wife of F. M. Engle, of Johnson County), James W., Parris P., Frank S., Charles W., Mary A., Milton E., Clinton E., and Harry E. H. C. CHITWOOD, farmer and stock raiser, section 16, is a native of Henry County, Mis- souri, having been born here October 23, 1840. Daniel Chitwood, his father, originally from Scott County, Tennessee, was born February 24, 1808, and grew to manhood in his native county, and was there married to Sally Pruett, a Kentuckian by birth. In 1829 the family removed to Missouri and located where the town of Lexington now is, but after residing there a short time came to Henry County, in 1833. He entered land for two years and improved the farm which the subject of this sketch now occupies. In 1850 Mr. Chitwood went overland to Califor- nia, and after spending one year in the gold mines returned by the way of the Isthmus and New Orleans. They had a family of eight children, all of whom grew to maturity and married, but only four of them are living at this time, H. C being the fifth child. His youth was spent on the farm in this county, and he enlisted in the Confederate army in 1862 in Colonel Lewis' regiment, participating in the battle of Prairie Grove, where he was taken prisoner. Upon being paroled he returned home, having served about six months. Mr. Chitwood was married January 24, 1861, to Miss Jane Hicks, a native of Moniteau County, but who was reared and educated in Henry County. She was a daughter of Abner Hicks. There were eight children by this marriage: Thomas H., VVil- lard A., Charles F., Viola A., Melissa A., Nancy E., Lavina and Willie. Mr. C.has a farm of 273 acres, with a good new residence and other improvements on the place. He and his wife are members of the M. E. Church South. JOHN DARK, farmer, section 15, was born in Ross County, Ohio, March i, 1821, being the son of Peter Darr, a native of Virginia, who removed to Ohio with his parents when a lad. There he grew to manhood and married Eve Eckenbarger, of German birth, but who was raised in Ohio. Peter Darr went to Elkhart County, Indiana, in 1827, and was one of the pion- eers of that county, where he entered land and improved a farm. John Darr spent his youth on this farm and in a flouring mill, and was mar- ried in Goshen, Indiana, January i, 1846, to Miss Ann Margaret E. C. Henkle, born in Germantown, Ohio, November 26, 1S27. She was a 700 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. daughter of the Rev^ Andrew Henkle. Mr. and Mrs. Darr have four children, Julia B., (wife of John Fleming) Edwin, Lucy E., (wife of Dr. Kinsey) and Frank C. They have lost three children, two of whom died in infancy, and Andrew M., died in Johnson County, October 15, 1852, at the age of 21 years. After his marriage Mr. Darr was occupied in conducting a flouring mill in Middleton, Butler Countj^, Ohio, for two years. In 1848 he returned to Indiana, where he resumed the flouring busi- ness until coming to Missouri in 1866, when he purchased a farm in John- son County. There he resided about fourteen years. In 1880, selling his Johnson County property, he settled on his present place. He has 140 acres of land in a fair state of cultivation and under improvements. DANIEL DAVIS, farmer and stock feeder, section 31, was born in Greene County, Ohio, March 28, 183 1, and was the son of Absalom Davis, a native of Kentucky, who went to Ohio when a young man and located in Greene County, being among the early pioneers there. He married Miss Elmira Searls, of Virginian birth but who was raised in Ohio. Daniel Davis grew to manhood in his native county on a farm, receiving a common school education. He was married in Madison County, Ohio, December 6, i860, to Miss Margaret Hill, a daughter of C. C. Hill, and originally from Clarke County, Ohio. They have seven children: Edna (wife of Isaac Farnsworth), Minnie D., Elmer H., Absalom, John, Bertha and Lida. They have lost two children: James M., died at the age of eighteen, and Willie, aged four years. After his marriage Mr. Davis resided in Madison County, occupied in farming and stock raising for ten years. In February, 1870, he came to Henry County, Missouri, and purchased the farm where he now resides, consisting of 240 acres, of which 200 are under fence and about 100 acres in pasture and meadow. There are fair buildings and improvements and a good orchard on the place. He feeds on an average two car loads of steers and about 200 head of hogs anually. Mr. Davis and wife are members of the United Brethren Church. WILLIAM H. DORMAN, merchant, a native of Henry County, Missouri, was born in Clinton, October 18, 1855, and is the son of Judge J. G. Dorman, a sketch of whose life appears elsewhere in this work. William H. spent his youth at Clinton attending the public school, where he received a good educa- tion in the common English branches, supplemented with a course at Jones' Commercial College, at St. Louis. In 1877 he became engaged in selling musical instruments and sewing machines at Clinton, and in 1880 started in the mercantile business at Warsaw, continuing in trade there BlUGRArHICAL. 7OI about one year. Selling out he purchased the property and stock of merchandise at his present place of business in Norris. He carries a large and well selected stock of general merchandise, including dry goods, clothing, groceries, etc., and is doing an extensive business. Mr. Dorman was appointed postmaster at Norris October 25, 1882. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and also of the Encampment. He was married in this county February 12, 1880, to Miss Alice L. Gray, a daughter of John L. Gray, who was one of the pioneer settlers of Henry County. They have one child, Lilith M., born October 12, 1882. Mr. Dorman is an enterprising business man, and one of the substantial men of this localit}'. JAMES A. DUNN, farmer and stock feeder, section 35, owes his nativity to Cooper County, Missouri, where he was born December 24, 1843. His father, Nathan J. Dunn, originally from Harrison County, Kentucky, grew to manhood there and married Zulina Ogle, who was a native of the same county. He came to Missouri in about 1835 and was one of the early settlers of Cooper County, where he entered land and improved a farm, the family living there until 1854, when they removed to Henry County. James A. Dunn grew to manhood in this county on the home farm, attending the common schools. He was married August 12, 1866, to Miss Jemima H. H. Harrington, of Henry County, and a daughter of William Harring- ton. She died January 21, 1879, leaving four children: William E., Nathan J., Eliza M. and Mary E. Mr. Dunn was married to Miss Mar- tha J. Tarter September 14, 1880. She is a Kentuckian by birth and a daughter of Calvin Tarter. They have two children, Ida J. and an infant. Mr. Dunn removed to his present farm in the spring of 1870. He has 508 acres of land, with 250 acres in his home place in cultivation and pasture, and he is also the owner of a farm of 160 acres on Big Creek. He makes a specialty of feeding stock, and feeds on an average two car loads of cattle and about seventy hogs. In May, 1861, he enlisted in Price's army and Colonel Lewis' regiment, and participated in a number of important engagements, among which were the battles of Lexington, Pea Ridge and Helena (Arkansas), Pleasant Hill (Louisiana). Mansfield and Jenkins' Ferry, besides numerous skirmishes. He escaped without a wound, but was knocked down with a bomb shell at Helena. Mr. Dunn is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He and his wife are connected with the M. E. Church South. M. R. GILLETTE, farmer and stock dealer, section 10, is one of the substantial men of Big Creek Township, and was born in Henry County November 18, 1832. 702 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Captain George H. Gillette, his father, was a native of Lincoln County, Kentucky, and was born April 8, 180,^. He came to Missouri when a young man, and was one of the pioneer settlers of St. Charles County, removing from there to Jackson County, and thence to Texas, where he spent but a short time. Returning to Missouri he located in Saline County, where he was married to Miss P'rances E. Hayes, af Tennessee. After his marriage he came to Henry County, which at that time was a part of Rives. He entered a section of land in Shawnee Township and improved a farm, upon which he lived until his death in 1857. He was captain of a militia company during the Mormon troubles. M. R. Gil- lette spent his youth on a farm in this county, and was married in the fall of i860 to Miss Sybbellow B. Huston, a Kentuckian by birth, but who was reared in Scotland County, Missouri. She was a daughter of John A. Huston. They have one daughter, Florence Belle. Mr. Gil- lette enlisted in the Confederate service in the fall of 1861, in Colonel Hunter's Cavalry Regiment, and served one year as General Hindman's escort. After this he was transferred to the St. Louis Legion, where he served until after the Helena fight; then joined General Hunter's regi- ment, in which he remained until the close of the war. He participated in a number of important engagements, among which were the fights of Lone Jack, Booneville and Springfield, Missouri, and at Pea Ridge and Helena, Arkansas. After the surrender of his army at Shreveport he returned to Missouri, and has since devoted his attention to farming and raising and dealing in stock. Mr. Gillette has 315 acres of land, with 280 acres in cultivation. WEBSTER W. GRAY, farmer and breeder of Hereford cattle, is a native of Henry County, Mis- souri, and v/as born July 9, 1853. His father, John L. Gray, who was born in Tennessee, came to Missouri when a young man and was or.e of the pioneer settlers of this county, here entering a tract of nearly 3,000 acres of land and improving a farm in Rig Creek Township. He was married here to Catherine E. Ross, of Kentucky, but also among the first settlers of the county. W. W. Gray passed his younger days on a farm and in attending the common schools. He received a good educa- tion at Central College, where he spent four years, nearly finishing the mathematical course. He was married February 7, 1877, to Miss Mattie E. Mclntire, also of Henry County, where she was reared and educated, and a daughter of D. C. and Agnes Mclntire. Mr. and Mrs. Gray have three children: Jessie Lee, Nellie Temple, and baby. They have lost one child, in infancy. After his marriage Mr. G. located on his farm, and has since been engaged in farming. He has 680 acres of good land, with 600 acres fenced and in cultivation, and two orchards of 250 trees, consisting of apple, peach, cherry and other fruits. He is extensively BIOGRAPrilCAL. 705 engaged in feeding cattle for the market, and has a patent burr for grinding feed for his stock, which is operated by wind power. This alsO' operates a large corn sheller and a cutting box. He is now making a specialty of breeding for the market thoroughbred and half-blood Here- ford cattle and has some fine animals. His herd is headed by Nobleman- 6th, a fine male animal, two years old, with Lady Lorn, 2d. Mr. Gray is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows' orders. His wife is con- nected with the M. E. Church South. JAMES HOUK, farmer and breeder of Berkshire hogs, was born in Moniteau County^ Missouri, June 30, 1850, his parents being Squire Houk, a native of Cooper County, and Susan (Howard) Houk. also of this state. James was brought up in his native county, spending his youth on the farm and attending the common schools. He was married March i?, i87i,toMiss Sarah Ann Redford, a daughter of William Redford, and also a native of Moniteau County. They have three children: Lucy Belle, Robert Lee and John Wesley. They have lost one daughter, Nora Lee, at the age of fifteen months. After his marriage Mr. Houk resided for three years- in Moniteau County, removing thence to Henry County in 1874. He owns a farm of eighty-six acres, all in cultivation, with a good young orchard, and he also has fifteen acres of timber. Mr. Houk is making a specialty of breeding thorough bred Berkshire hogs, and has some as- fine animals as can be found in the state. T. S. HOWARD, M. D. The subject of this 3ketch is a native of St. Clair County, Missouri^ where he was born January 24, 1853. His father, John G. Howard, a Kentyckian by birth, came to Missouri with his parents when quite small and first located in Morgan County, being among the pioneers there. He was married in Benton County to Amanda M. Cock. T. S, Howard was brought up in this county, and for quite a while attended the public schools. He commenced the study of his profession about the year 1872, at Huntingdale, under the tutorship of Dr. E. C. Royston, one of the pioneer physicians of the county, and attended his first course of lectures at the St. Louis Medical College in the winter of 1873-4, gradu- ating from that institution in the spring of 1876. After completing his studies, the doctor began the practice of medicine at Chilhowee, John- son County, where he remained about two years, removing thence to- Huntingdale in 1878. He practiced at that place for four years, and in 1882 came to Norris, where, though a recent arrival, he has built up a successful and increasing patronage. Dr. Howard was married Novem- 704 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ber 29, 1876, to Miss Ida Royston, of Henry County, and a daughter of Dr, E. C. Royston. They lost their only child, Georgie Garnett, who died March 25, 1881, at the age of three years and six months. Mrs. Howard is a member of the M. E. Church, South. The doctor belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows fraternity. J. S. HOWERTON, ,, 1 farmer and stock raiser, came originally from Rockingham County, North ; Carolina. His father, William Howerton, was a native of Virginia. There j he grew to maturity, and was married in North Carolina, to Miss Fran- | ces P. Wall, of that state, and a daughter of Richard Wall. William \ Howerton, Richard Wall and others, removed from North Carolina to Missouri in 1839, and located in Henry County. The former entered land and improved a farm in the northern part of the county, and resided upon it till his death in 1876. For seven years he had been a sufferer j from paralysis. J. S. Howerton passed his youth upon the home farm, ! and was married July 18, 1867, to Miss Eliza Ann Harrington, a native ] of Henr)^ County, and a daughter of William Harrington, who was also one of the pioneer settlers of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Howerton • have four children: Dophelia Belle, Susan Frances, Nancy Ann, and Sal- lie T. They have lost two: Oscar Lee, died September 10, 1872, at the j age of four years, and Mary E., died May 10, 1873, at the age of three 1 years and three months. After his marriage Mr. H. resided on the old homestead about six years. He removed to his present place in 1872, and now has 180 acres of land, 160 acres being in his home farm, fairly improved, with a good house and a young, bearing orchard. He enlisted in the Confederate army in 1862, and served in Hindman's body guard j until April, 1863, when he was transferred to Young's Battalion, serving 1 in the cavalry until the fall of Vicksburg. After this last engagement, J his regiment was reorganized and was known as the Tenth Missouri \ Cavalry, in which he served till the close of the war. He participated \ in a number of important engagements, among which were the fight at Helena, and Little Rock, Arkansas, Glasgow, and the numerous battles [ of Price's raid through Missouri. After the final surrender he returned | to Missouri. P. D. LANE, merchant and postmaster at Petersburg, is recognized as one of the thrifty and enterprising business men of Big Creek Township. He was born in Brown County, Ohio, January i, 1840, his parents being N. D. and Jane (McMahan) Lane, also natives of Ohio. In 1842 the family removed to Missouri, settling in Big Creek Township, Henry County. P. D. Lane grew up on this farm, receiving a good common school edu- BIOGRAPHICAL. 705 cation. When in his nineteenth year he taught a winter term of school, and after the close of his school he commenced clerking in a store at Shawnee Mound, remaining there about one year. In the spring of 1861 he enlisted in Owens' Battalion Cavalry, and in the spring of 1862 enlisted in the regular Confederate service, Colonel Jackman's Sixteenth Missouri Infantry, serving for about six months. He was imprisoned and then on parole the rest of the time till the close of the war. He participated in the engagements of Carthage, Wilson Creek, Pea Ridge and Walnut Grove. Returning to Missouri in 1865 Mr. Lane was engaged in farming and trading in stock about fifteen years. He built a business house at his present stand in 1880, put in a stock of general merchandise and is now doing a good business. He was appointed postmaster at Petersburg in the spring of 1881. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, (Agricola LodgeJ and is secretary of his lodge. Mr Lane was married in this county March 3, 1867, to Miss Christine Hiser, a native of Hickory County, but who was reared and educated in Henry County, and a daughter of John Hiser. They have a family of five children: Edwin, Minnie, Lena, Alice and Albert. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. WILLIAM J. McFARLAND, section 2, is a prominent farmer and stock dealer, of this township, and was born in Cooper County, Missouri, September 26, 1834. Jesse McFar- land, his father, a native of North Carolina, was born April 17, 1800. He removed to Missouri with his parents in 1811, and in 1816 located in Cooper County, and was among the earliest settlers of Missouri. He grew to manhood in Cooper County and married Ann McFarland,a dis- tant relative. The former was a farmer and mechanic and also a sur- veyor by occupation and when nineteen years old he assisted in the sur- veying of Rives County, and held several local offices in the county. He now resides at Pleasant Hill, Missouri, and celebrated his sixtieth wedding anniversary January 7, 1880. W. J. McFarland spent his youth on a farm in Cooper County and received a common school education. He was married there October 10, 1865, to Miss M. E. Mitchel, also of Cooper County, and a daughter of William J. Mitchel. They have three children: Edith L., Clarence W. and Albert W. After his marriage Mr. McFarland resided about two years in Cooper County and then removed to Henry County, buying land and improving the farm where he now resides. He has 355 acres, with 320 in good cultivation and under improvements, with an orchard of 100 choice bearing apple trees and a variety of other fruits. Mr. McFarland makes a specialty of rais- ing and handling stock, and feeds on an average two car loads of steers 45 706 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. and fifty hogs annually. He has some good graded stock. He and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. D. C. McINTIRE, farmer and stock raiser, section 22, was born in Clark County, Kentucky, October 25, 182 1, and was the son of Hugh Mclntire, a native of North ' Carolina, who moved with his parents at the age of seven to Clark j County, Kentucky, there being brought up. Francis Mclntire, his father, I was a soldier in the revolutionary war, and carried during life five i wounds received in that long struggle for American independence. D. ; C. Mclntire accompanied the family to Trimble County when seven years old and there grew to manhood. He came to Missouri in i84i,but , previously had spent six years traveling through Wisconsin, Iowa and , Illinois. He was married in Scotland County, Missouri, September 23, : 1847, to Miss Agnes F. Huston, of Boone County, Kentucky, who was 1 reared and educated there, and a daughter of Archibald Huston. They \ have six children: William Seldon, Joseph M., Homer H., Martha E. j (wife of W. W. Gray), Ada Lee and Daniel M. After this marriage Mr. | Mclntire located in Adair County, where he entered land and made a farm, making it his home for about eleven years. In 1858 he came to Henry County, locating on Honey Creek, and built a flour, grist and saw mill, and was engaged in milling about seven years. Selling his mill property, he purchased the farm where he now resides in 1865. This ] place consists of 270 acres of land, with 240 acres in cultivation and ] pasture, and upon it is a good residence and a fine orchard of about 250 | bearing trees of select fruits Mr. and Mrs. Mclntire are members of I the M. E. Church South. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity. I GEORGE W. McOUITTY, * a native of Boone County, Missouri, was born September 16, 1839. His ^ father. G. W. McQuitty, was a Kentuckian by birth, but removed to Mis- souri with his parents when a lad, and they were among the pioneer set- tlers of Boone County. He grew to manhood and was married there to Miss Elizabeth Roland, who also was of Kentucky birth, and a daughter of William Roland. After his marriage he located on a farm in Boone | County, where he resided till his death, in 1870. George W. Jr., spent his youth in his native county, receiving a good common school educa- tion He enlisted in the confederate army in February, 1862, in Com- j pany C, Sixth Missouri Infantry, under Col. Irvin, and participated in a I number of engagements, among which were the second fight at Corinth, luka, and Grand Gulf where he was taken prisoner and parolled after ' two months, then returning home. He was married in Boone Count)-, 1 BIOGRAPHICAL. JOf March i8, 1866, to Miss Lucinda Goslin, of the same county as himself^ and a daughter of Sylvester F. Goslin, one of the pioneers of that county. I'he year after his marriage Mr. McOuitty came to Henry Coun _,, bought land and improved the farm where he now resides. He has 280 acres, with about 230 acres fenced and in cultivation, a large- residence and a fine orchard being on the place. He has some good' stock and high graded cows and one thoroughbred male animal. Mr.. McQuitty lost his first wife by death October 25, 1870, she leaving two- children, John R. and Elizabeth A. He was married in Henry County January 25, 1875, to Miss Martha M. Johnson, a native of Kentucky, and a daughter of Robert R. Johnson. There are four children by this mar- riage: William T., Edith B., George N. and Alice D. He is a member of the Baptist and his wife belongs to the Christian denomination. A. B. REDFORD, section 18, owes his nativity to Knox County, East Tenessee, where he was born July 18, 18 19. His parents, Noah and Phebe (Dodson) Red- ford, were natives of Stokes County, North Carolina. In 1832 the family removed from North Carolina to Tennessee, and thence to Missouri, locating in Moniteau County. Here A. B. spent his 3^outhful days on a farm. He was married in Johnson County in March, 185 1, to Miss Han- nah Anderson, of that county and a daughter of John Anderson, one of the early settlers of Johnson County and a Kentuckian by birth. After his marriage Mr. R. lived for about six years in Johnson County, and in March, 1857, he came to Henry County, purchasing the farm where he now resides. He has about 1,500 acres, all under fence, with 200 acres in timber, the balance being in pasture and cultivation, with a good residence and orchard. He makes a specialty of feeding and dealing in stock, and feeds annually about lOO head of steers and a like number of hogs. Mr. Redford has raised a family of four children, all of whom are married: Noah O., John E., Robert V. and Serepta A., (wife of John A. Overby). He is a member of the Masonic order, and Mrs. R. belongs, to the M. E. Church South. MILO SPAULDING, farmer and stock feeder, section 27, was born in Seneca County, Ohiov February 3, 1846, and was the son of Daniel D. Spaulding, a native of New York, who grew to manhood there, removing to Ohio when a young man, and locating in Seneca County, where he married Mary Ann Trail, of Pennsylvania. Milo Spaulding spent his youth in Seneca County on a farm, enjoying the advantages of attending the public schools. In the fall of 1861, when in his sixteenth year, he enlisted in the Forty-ninth 708 HISTORY OP^ HENRY COUNTY. Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served thirteen months. He participated in the battle of Pittsburg Landing and minor engagements and skir- mishes. After his term of service expired he passed some four years in Indiana, Illinois and Kansas. He was married in Weston, Missouri, February, 7, 1866, to Mrs. Sarah Jane Millen, widow of John VV. Millen. Mrs. Spaulding was a daughter of James Lime, and is a native of Ken- tucky. Mr. S. subsequently removed to St. Louis, where he resided about three years, going thence to Henry County, Illinois, where he farmed one year. In the spring of 1870 he located in Henry County, Missouri, pur- chased land and improved a farm where he now resides. He has 120 acres in his home place, in cultivation with a good house, barn and out buildings and a young orchard. He also owns a farm of eighty acres in another tract, and sixty acres of timber land. Mr. Spaulding is one of the most successful farmers of Big Creek Township. He makes a specialty of feeding about one car load of steers and about thirty hogs annually. Mrs. Spaulding has three children by her first husband: John W., Mary E. and Charles Henry Millen. She is a member of the Mis- sionary Baptist Church. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity. DR. T. T. THORNTON was born October 18,1846, in Henry County, Missouri, and was the son of W. B. Thornton, a native of Kentucky, who was married to Augusta Toliver, also a Kentuckian by birth. About the year 1846 the family removed to Missouri, and located in Henry County at Calhoun, where W. B. Thornton carried on his trade, that of a saddler, until his death in 1850. After his father's death T. T. Thornton returned to Oldham County, Kentucky, and there grew to manhood, spending his youth on a farm. His education was acquired principally through his own efforts. At about the age of eighteen years he commenced the study of medi- cine under the tutorship of Dr. H. G. Duerson, one of the prominent physicians of Oldham County, and later attended lectures at the Ken- tucky School of Medicine at Louisville. After completing his studies at this college the doctor commenced the practice of his profession at Shady, Crittenden County, Kentucky, where he remained four years. In 1872 he located at Huntingdale, Henry County, Missouri, and continued practicing, in partnership with Dr. E. C. Royston.for two years. In 1874 he came to Norris, and here has built up a fine practice. Dr. Thornton was m'lrried in Huntingdale in October, 1873, to Miss Sallie Lewis, a daughter of Robert Lewis. She was born in St. Louis County, but was reared and educated in Cass County. Dr. and Mrs. Thornton have a family of five children, Lucy A., Alice, Emma L., Genevieve and Samuel L, The doctor is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders. His wife belongs to the Missionary Baptist Church. BIOGRAPHICAL. 709 I. M. VANCE, farmer and stock feeder, section 11, was born in Fayette County, Ohio, February 2, 1844. His parents, were B. H. Vance, born in Ohio in 1812, and Adeline (Myers) Vance, a native of the same state. The former was a farmer and stock dealer by occupation, and followed the stock business for a number of years. He removed with his family to Missouri in 1858 and located in Cooper County, where he lived about nine years, coming thence to Johnson County in 1867 and to Henry County in 1868. I. M. Vance spent his youth on a farm. He was married in Cass County in March, 1870, to Miss CyrenaCain, a native of Adams County, Illinois, but who was reared in Harrison County, Missouri. She was a daughter of Ephraim Cain. They have six children: Loella, Cora E., Anna Kate, Walter S., Frank and Henry B, Mr. Vance purchased and moved on his present farm in 1872. He has 183 acres of land, with 160 acres fenced and in a good state of cultivation, well improved, etc. He enlisted in April, 1863, in the Missouri State militia cavalry and served till dis- charged in September, 1865. He participated in the fights of Price's raid from the Osage to Jefferson City, some sixty days, with skirmishing every day, and he was also in a number of other important engage- ments. JOHN W. WAUGH, farmer and stock dealer, section 17, a successful and enterprising citizen of this locality, is a native of Montgomery County, Indiana, and was born December 13, 1839. His father, Milo Waugh, was born in Ross County, Ohio, and there grew to manhood and was married to Elizabeth Kiousa, of Fayette County, the same state. The family removed to Indiana in 183 1, and were among the pioneers of Montgomery County. Milo Waugh entered land there, and improved a farm, living upon it until his death in June, 1859. They had a family of eleven children, six sons and five daughters, the subject of this sketch being the fifth child. His youth was spent on his father's farm, with common school advantages, and he was married in the county of his birth, July 19. i860, to Miss Mary Hen- derson, of the same county, and a daughter of Alexander Henderson. She died in Indiana, June 28, 1864, leaving two children, William B., and Martha (wife of Ed. Dower). Mr. Waugh was married in Montgomery County, April 20, 1865, to Miss Julia A. Hamilton, who was also origin- ally of Montgomery County, and a daughter of John Hamilton. There are six children by this marriage: James H., Ed. R., Richard H., Mary E., Walter S., and Jennie May. After his marriage Mr. Waugh, was engaged in farming in his native county until his removal to Missouri, in 166, when buying land, he located where he now resides. He has a fine farm of 550 acres, about 400 acres of which are in cultivation and .7IO HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. pasture, upon which is a good two-story dwelling and outbuildings and a splendid orchard. PLEASANT R. WEBSTER. farmer and stock raiser, section 5, is one of the pioneer settlers of Henry County. He was born in Rockingham County, North Carolina, in April, 1821, his parents being Richard and Betsy (Black) Webster, also natives ■of North Carolina. Pleasant R., grew to manhood in his native county, •and spent his youth on a farm, enjoying fair opportunities for acquir- ing an education. He was married in Stokes County, North Carolina, to Miss Matilda J. Webster, of the same state. In 1854 Mr. Webster came west to Missouri and settled in Henry County, near Clinton, removing to his present farm in February, 1880. He has 120 acres of land under fence, and nearly all in cultivation. Mrs. Webster died July 28, 1880, leaving eleven children: Martin V.; Elizabeth, (wife of William H. Childis); Susan, (wife of Benjamin Childis); James R.; Hester J. (wife of Byron Dunham) ; Nancy J., (wife of John Newman) ; William, Siby, Everett Salina, Richard Lee, and Luther L. Mr. W. is a member of the Baptist Church. JAMES H. WEBSTER, farmer and stock raiser, section 19, a well known and prominent man of this township, is a native of Stokes County, North Carolina, and was born February 14, 1827. Pleasant Webster, his father, also originally from North Carolina, grew to manhood and was married in Stokes County to Miss Hester Foy, of that county. The subject of this sketch passed his youthful days in tilling the soil, and in his 19th year came to Missouri in the fall of 1845 and located in Henry County. Three years later, March 15, 1848, he was married to Miss Mary Jane Carpenter, of Kentucky, and a daughter of Wilson D. Carpenter, one of the pioneers of this county. She died February 4, 1864, and left four children living: P. W., Hester Ann (wife of J. Anderson), Sarah E. (wife of William Stanberry), and May C. Mr. Webster married his present wife, Mrs. Mary A. Lotspeich, widow of William Lotspeich and a daughter of Abraham Fisher, May 3, 1868. They have four children: Charles, Dora, Walter and Oscar. After his first marriage Mr. Webster located on Honey Creek, where he improved a farm and where he resided for seven years. He has since improved three other farms, and now owns i SO acres of land, with no acres fenced, upon which is a good house and a young orchard. He was elected justice of the peace for Big Creek Township and has since been re-elected, and has served continuously in that capacity for twelve years. Mr. and Mrs. Webster are members of the M. E. Church South. The former is connected with the Masonic fraternity. BIOGRAPHICAL. /I I L. A. WISELY, M. D., merchant at Norris, is a highly respected citizen of this locality, and was born in Wythe County, Virginia, May 25, 1829. His parents were Daniel and Mary A. (Straw) Wisely, also Virginians by birth. In 1837 the family came to Missouri and located in Callaway County, where Mr. Wisely entered land and improved a farm. In 1841 they removed to Howard County, where Daniel Wisely was engaged in farming until his death, in 1868. L. A. served an apprenticeship in the office of the Mis- souri Democrat, at Fayette, Missouri, and worked at the printing busi- ness for eight years, three years of the time in St. Louis. While in St. Louis he took advantage of the night schools and supplemented this knowledge by two years attendance at Howard College. After com- pleting his studies he bought out the Platte Argus, at Weston, publish- ing that paper, in connection with his brother, for three years. He studied medicine under the instruction of Dr. Bowers, of Weston, and took lectures at the University of Virginia, in i8S7, graduating in Phila- delphia from the Jefferson Medical College, in 1859. Upon the com- pletion of his medical course Dr. W. commenced the practice of his pro- fession in Howard County, in i860, continuing there for six years. In 1866 he came to Henry County, locating at Windsor, where he practiced for two years. In 1866 he purchased a farm, removed to Big Creek Township and carried on agricultural pursuits in connection with his professional duties. He removed to Norris in 1879 ^^^ engaged in the drug business, and now has an excellent stock of everything in his line of trade. The doctor is Democratic in politics, and takes a leading part in all the political issues of the day. He received the appointment and held the office of postmaster at Norris for four years, and was appointed notary in May, 1882. He was married in Howard County June 23, 1863, to Miss Mary F. Bass, a daughter of George P. Bass. She is a native of that county, and received her education at the Howard College. Dr. and Mrs. Wisely have three children, Edna M., George D. and Sally Tuttle. The former is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders. 712 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. HONEY CREEK TOWNSHIP. OWEN M. BUSH, farmer and stock raiser, section 24, was born March 4, 1843, i" Clark County, Kentucky, and was the son of Phillip W, Bush, a farmer and stock raiser by occupation, born October 31, 18 12, in Clark County, and Jane (Monroe) Bush, born April 12, 1823, in Jessamine County, Ken- tucky. They were married in December, 1841, and had six children, three sons and three daughters, all of whom are now living with the exception of one daughter. Owen accompanied his parents to Marion County in 1850, but remained there only one year, they then removing to Lafayette County, Missouri, and buying 240 acres of land. Here he obtained a common English education. In 1859 ^^- ^- ^^^^ ^is farm and purchased 640 acres in Bates County, but never settled on it on account of the war. In 1868 he sold his land in Bates County, returning to Lafayette County in 1874. O. M. Bush was married January 4, 1866, to Miss Mary E. Noel. By this marriage they have two sons. He came to Henry County in March, 1873, and bought (on section 24) eighty-four acres of land, upon which he located. In April, 1881, he purchased ninety acres more, on section 28, making for himself a fine farm of 174 acres. Mr. Bush is a man of extensive observation, and has held the office of magistrate, for several years in the township, having been first appointed to fill a vacancy for one year, and afterward elected for the term of four years in 1877. Politically he is a Democrat. PHILLIP BUSH, farmer and stock raiser, was born February 14th, 1856, in Lafayette County, Missouri. His father, Phillip W. Bush, was born October 31, 1812, in Clark County, Kentucky, and married in December, 1841, Miss Mary Jane Monroe, who was born April 26, 1823, in Jessamine County, Kentucky. By this union there were six children, three sons and three daughters, and all survive but one daughter. The subject of this sketch came to Henry County, Missouri, in November, 1880, and after remain- ing a few months, spending his time in farming and looking for a favor- able opportunity to locate, he bought eighty acres of la,nd on section 14. He resides with his mother, who lives near the farm he has recently purchased. He received in his boyhood a good English education, and although still a young man, is a practical farmer. He has a fair resi- BIOGRAPHICAL. /1 5. dence upon his farm, and everything about him denotes thrift and the successful agriculturist. In his political preferences he is a Democrat. WILLIAM A. McREYNOLDS was born February i, 1833, in Butler County, Kentucky, his parents being Benj. S. McReynolds, born July 15, 1806, in Logan County, Ken- tucky, and Elizabeth Ann, }iee Askew, who was born in July, 1809, in Campbell County, Virginia. They were married in July, 1830, in Logan County, Kentucky, and by this union had six children, four sons and two daughters, of whom our subject was the eldest son. Benjamin McReynolds remained a resident of Kentucky until his death. In youth he received only common school training, but being of studious habits became a most learned scholar. He learned the carpenter's trade and worked at it a number of years, and also took up carriage making, hir- ing several hands in that industry. He employed a blacksmith, and by- degrees became skilled, to some extent, in that business also. He fol- lowed both occupations for several years, and finally turned his atten- tion to the study of medicine, continuing the practice in after years, as taught by the Thompsonian schools of his day. Later in life he became a farmer, and the owner of quite a large tract of land in Kentucky, a part of which, proving rich in coal, he opened into mines, and did quite an extensive coal trade, shipping to different points both north and south. He served, during the early part of his career, as magistrate, for eighteen years or more, until (by virtue of the law of the state) he became sheriff, being the oldest official in the capacity of magistrate. This position he filled for one term. He was nominated in 1845 for the state legislature, his opponent being Lot Moore, of the same county, but was defeated on account of his scruples against being elected as a whisky candidate. He was also a candidate on the Democratic ticket for the succeeding term, but died before the election, July 3, 1847. William A. McReynolds, at the death of his father was a lad of but four- teen. At the age of nineteen he left home, determined to seek his own fortune, and commenced by working at the carpenter's bench. He learned the trade in Clarksville, Tennessee, remaining there for three years and then returned to Todd County, Kentucky, where he entered intO' business as a builder and contractor, continuing it for several years. He was engaged in building at Cairo during one season, where he owned considerable city propery. He spent one year in Illinois. In the year 1873 he was occupied during the winter in stock feeding, in company with a brother, and also for several years thereafter. Finally he decided to make Missouri his permanent home, and accordingly in the spring of 1882 bought a tract of nearly 1,200 acres, mostly in Honey Creek Town- ship, Henry County, his residence being on section 18. He has the 714 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. supervision of his estates in both townships, much of his land lying in White Oak. All of it is devoted to farmin'g purposes with the exception of forty acres of timber. Mr. McR. makes his home at present with Mrs. McKinney, his sister, a widowed lady, and her sons. He was once placed in nomination as a candidate in Todd County. Tennessee, for the legislature, on the Republican ticket, but was defeated through the ■treachery of some of his pretended friends, who had been instrumental in securing his nomination. He is Republican in sentiment, and has been since i86i. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, of Elkton. Todd County, Kentucky, having never changed his membership from that place. WHITE OAlt TOWNSHIP. 1.-^^!=®= EMANUEL BLECHER, farmer and stock raiser, was born September 22, 1827, in Columbia County, Pennsylvania. His father, Jacob Blecher, a farmer and weaver by occupation, was born in Pennsylvania in 1798, and died at the age of seventy-seven years in Columbia County, that state, in 1875. He mar- ried Miss Susanna Keller, of Columbia County, and they had seven children, three of whom are living, the subject of this sketch being the sixth. P2manuel spent his boyhood and youthful days at his birthplace, receiving but three months' schooling. He was married October 25, 1855, to Miss Mary Ann Farwer, of Wayne County, Ohio. By this union they have had nine children, five sons and four daughters, all living, except one daughter. In 1855 Mr. Blecher removed from his native state to Wayne County, Ohio, v/here he remained for three years, going thence to Wells County, Indiana, where for eight years he tollowed farming and stock raising. Moving to Champaign County, Illinois, he continued to farm for fourteen years, and in March of 1881 he came to Henry County, Missouri, with a view to settling in the state as a permanent resident. He has as yet purchased no farm, but intends to invest his means in farming and stock raising as soon as a suitable location can be found. Politically, he is a Democrat. BIOGRAPHICAL. ' 715 SAMUEL C. CRAIG, physician and surgeon, was born March 2, 1850, in Harrison County, Indiana, and was the son of P. R. Craig, who was born March 3, 1806, in Virginia. He was in early life a cooper by occupation, but abandoned his trade for farming. After leaving his native state, he moved first to Ohio, while a young man, and then to Indiana, where he settled as an agriculturist. In 1827 he married Miss Elizabeth Hiestand, born in Pennsylvania in 1809. By this marriage they had seven children, four of whom are living, our subject being the youwgest. He was early edu- cated in the common schools of Iowa, but fixing upon the practice of medicine as his profession, at the age of nineteen he commenced attend- ing a course of medical lectures at Ames, Story County, Iowa. His preceptor was James Bradley. In 1877 he came to Lucas, Henry County, Missouri, and commenced the practice of medicine, and since that time has remained there with a constantly increasing patronage. Dr. Craig was married March 8, 1877, to Miss Mary Shaw, of Ames, Iowa. They have one daughter, Winona Florence. JAMES GODWIN, farmer and stock raiser, section 29, was born February 28, 1808, in Fin- castle, Botetourt County, Virginia. His early history is shrouded in mystery, he having been found, together with another child, supposed to be a brother, on or near Delaware Bay. Consequently he is unable to give nativity, date of birth or nationality of his father. These broth- ers were taken up and cared for, and a man named Godwin reared our subject, giving him his name. The maiden name of his foster mother was Polly Mefford, a native of Fincastle, Virginia, at which place their marriage occurred. They had fifteen children, seven sons and eight daughters, of whom tvvo sons and one daughter survive. James was brought up in Rutledge, Granger County, Tennessee, where he received his education, which was limited to six months' schooling. He left home when 19 years of age, and has since worked his own way in life. He apprenticed himself to learn the blacksmith's trade, and after becoming proficient therein, commenced work at Sparta, Middle Tennessee, where he labored for six years as journeyman. For four years thereafter, he was engaged in business for himself at that point. Leaving there in March, 1837, he came to Missouri, and in April settled in Benton County, purchasing 320 acres of land, where he remained for twenty-seven years. February 5, 1833, he married Miss Elizabeth M. Anderson. They had no children of their own, but have brought up eleven children, and are now rearing a little boy and girl, making thirteen, who have found good homes under his hospitable roof Seven weddings have been celebrated 7l6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. in his house. During war times Mr. Godwin disposed of his property in Benton County and came to this county, where he has since princi- pally resided. He owns 146 acres of land on sections 28 and 29. He and his wife have for many years been active members of the M. E. Church South. GEORGE H. HACKNEY, a native of Cole County, Missouri, was born January 2, 1842, being the son of William VV. and Celia (Ragsdale) Hackney. The former was born August 10, 1798, in Chatham, North Carolina, while the latter came originally rrom Huntsdale, Alabama. To them were born seven sons and four daughters, all of whom survive but one son, who died at the age of eleven. George, the eighth child in the family, passed his youth and early manhood in the county of his birth, receiving a good English edu- cation. For three years he gave his attention to teaching, and in 1862 he enlisted as private in Co. E., Tenth Missouri cavalry. He was soon appointed duty sergeant and acted in that capacity during the remain- der of the war, being regularly discharged at Edgefield, Tennessee, June 27, 1865. Mr. Hackney was married December 26, 1866, to Miss Jose- phine E. Riggins, of Clinton, Missouri. They have had five sons and two daughters, and all are now living except one daughter, who died when three years old. In 1868 he commenced farming in Henry County,, and has since remained here. In 1870 he purchased 180 acres on sec- tion 27, to which he has later added eighty acres, and on this place he has lived for twelve years. His residence is situated on an eminence,, commanding an excellent view of the surrounding country. There is a very good prospect for coal underlying his farm. Politically he is a Democrat. He raises stock quite extensively. CHAPMAN H. Mcdonald, merchant, farmer and stock dealer, was born May 13, 1833, i" Frankfort, Kentucky, his parents being John McDonald, born December 2, 1805, in Culpeper County, Virginia, and Elizabeth W. (Knight) McDonald, born May 26, 1808, and also a Virginian by birth. They were married in Franklin County, Kentucky, in 1826 or 1827, and moved to the state of Illinois in 1834, in 1838, settlilig in Audrain County, Missouri. Here, on the 20th day of August, 1854, Mrs. McDonald died, leaving a family of eight children. In 1857 Mr. McD. came to Henry County, Missouri, and died June 29, 1880. They reared eight children, five sons and three daughters, only two of whom are now living: Chapman H. and Josiah G., the latter born September 20, 1836. at Mechanicsburg, Illinois. They emigrated with their parents about 1838 to Audrain County, Missouri,, and were educated in the common schools in their locality. The elder BIOGRAPHICAL. 717 brother subsequently attended a course of studies at the Commercial College, in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1857. He commenced life for himself in 1856, at Montevallo, Vernon County, Missouri, having chosen the mercantile channel for which he had been previously making prep- aration. On May day, 1S79, he was married to Miss Mariah E. Benner, of Vernon County. He opened his place of business as a merchant at Montevallo, in 1856, where he continued until 1863, then closing his store on account of the war. After the cessation of hostilities he resumed his business, settling in Henry County, Missouri, at Lucas Post- office, in White Oak Township, where he has since remained, doing bus- iness at present with his younger brother, Josiah G. Their interests in the main are one, both in merchandising, farming, and as general raisers of stock. Mr. C. H. McDonald is postmaster here, succeeding his father. He owns ninety acres (aside from the business interests) in or near his place of business. He has five children : William, Ida, Betsy, Olive and Parel. Politically he is a Democrat and religiously a Christian. JULIUS A. MATHEWS was born April 17, 1849, in Chariton County, Missouri. His father, Samuel Mathews, was born in October, 1810, in Mississippi, and was a farmer during his early life, emigrating to Chariton County, Missouri, in 1844. He purchased 160 acres in that county and remained until the commencement of the war, when he removed to Brunswick, and in 1861 engaged in merchandising. This business he continued for twelve years; then went to Kansas City, and after a short time came to Henry County in April, 1870. He was married in 1835 to Miss Betsy Avery, of Jack- son County, Mississippi. By this union there were eleven children, six sons and five daughters, of whom four only are now living. Three sons died in the Alton Prison during the civil v/ar, two in 1862 and the other in 1864. The subject of this sketch came to Henry County in 1867 and embarked in farming. He has remained here since that time, with the exception of three years, while in his native county and at Kansas City, though not permanently located at either place. He was married June 17, 1867, to Miss Nancy Jane Bruett, of Henry County, Missouri. To them have been born six children, three sons and three daughters, five of whom are living. Mr. M. was elected magistrate in White Oak Town- ship in November, 1882, for the term of four years. Himself and wife are connected with the Christian Church of Lucas. His political senti- ments are Democratic. GEORGE F. MITCHELL. merchant, born October i, 1854, in Perry County, Ohio, being a son of George and Eliza (Huston) Mitchell. The former was born in Virginia, 7l8 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. December 4, 1804, and the latter was a native of Ohio. They were mar- ried in 1834, and to them were born nine children, of whom only four are living. The youngest child, George F., accompanied the family to DeKalb County, Missouri, in 1868, but they remained there only a short time, coming thence to Henry County, and purchasing a tract of I40> acres of land. Young Mitchell received a limited education in boyhood, and resided upon the home farm until seventeen years of age. He then went to Clinton, resumed his studies at the Clinton High School, from which he afterwards graduated. At the age of nineteen he apprenticed himself to the printing business, and u^as in the employ of one office for four years, when he entered as partner for three years. Then he sold his interest and moved on to his father's farm, located three miles northeast of Clinton, in Fields' Creek Township, Henry County. After following the pursuit of agriculture for two years, he turned his attention to mer- chandising, opening his business at Lucas, March i, 1881. Here he has continued up to this time. He married Miss Blanches Stewart, Novem- ber, 12, 1876. They have three daughters: Carrie, Eliza, Jessie Hart^ and Nellie Lee. Miss Mitchell is a member of the Masonic fraternity,, belonging to Tebo Lodge, No. 68, of Clinton. He is a member of the M. E. Church, and Mrs. M. of the Cumberland Presbyterian. He is meet- ing with much success at Lucas, and his business is constantly increasing. JOHN SCHRODER, farmer and stock raiser, was born August 14, 1845, in Pittsburg, Penn- sylvania. Richard Schroder, his father, was born July 18, 1818, in Mont- gomery County, Pennsylvania, and married June 29, 1840, Miss Eliza Miller, who was born in March, 182 1, in Lebanon County, of that state. By this union they had three sons and two daughters, of whom all are living. The subject of this sketch received his early education in the common school in his native state, and later was sent to the Darlington Academy, at Darlington, Beaver County, for a term of two years, which institution he left at the age of twelve years. He came with his parents to Jefferson City, Missouri, in 1857, but after remaining a few months they removed to Bates County, settling in Prairie City, and here the senior Schroder erected the second house in that place. About a year later they came to Henry County. While a young man John Schroder was occupied as hotel clerk at Otterville for nearly three years. He subsequently entered Worthington & Warner's Commercial College and went through a six months' course, graduating in the spring of 1866. In the spring of 1867 the family returned to their farm in Henry County, consisting at that time of 480 acres, in a body. He was engaged in teaching for a short time in that locality, and during this period received an offer for his services at Jefferson Cit}', which offer was- accepted, and BIOGRAPHICAL. 719^ where he was employed from April i, 1868, to June i, 1871. Returning, to the farm he took charge of its affairs, and in 1880 came into posses- sion of 170 acres from the home farm, as his share of the inheritance, to which he has since added forty acres, erected a residence, etc. He was married March 14, 1872, to Miss Eliza Aiken, born in County Tyrone^ Ireland. November 7, 1844. She died November 17, 1875. Since 1871 he has held the position of township register for one term, during the entire time of the existence of said office; was then elected township clerk, and in 1875 was elected magistrate. Mr. S. has an excellent library, and among his books are McCauley's writings, Knight's popular history of England, Rollin's ancient history. Gibbon's Rome, Lasting,. Headley's Indian Races of America, Hume and many more of the stand- ard authors. In politics he is a Democrat. LUTHER I. STEWART was born October 12, 1845, in Monongalia County, Virginia, being the- son of John Stewart, born in that county in 1801. He was a farmer by calling, and was judge of the county court at the opening of the rebell- ion. Luther's mother, formerly Elizabeth Cox, was born in the same county in 1804. They were married in the year 1822 and had eight children, three of whom are living, the subject of our sketch being the- youngest. The family came to Henry County November 28, 1867. Young Stewart was educated in Morgantown, Western Virginia, at the Morgantown Academy. On coming to Missouri he bought too acres of land, upon which he built a residence. He was married November 24, 1869, to Miss Tennie C. Eliott. To them have been born eleven child- ren, and only four of these are living: Nattie M., Florence, Jennie Belle John W. Mr. Stewart formerly possessed 388 acres of farming land^. upon which he at present resides, but now he owns only forty acres. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. His political views are Dem- ocratic. Both himself and wife belong to the Presbyterian Church, Old School, holding their membership at Clinton. ZACHARY TAYLOR, farmer and stock raiser, was born November 2, 1851, at Cross Anchor,. Spartenburg County, South Carolina. His father, Steven Taylor, was. born in that county, and was an extensive planter and slave owner. He died in August, 1858. His mother, formerly Miss Matilda Jones, was born in the same locality as her husband. They were married about the year 1840, and had five children, three sons and two daughters, all stills living. Zachary Taylor was the youngest of them, and in 1866 he came to Henry County, with his sister's family, with whom he remained until; 720 IIIsrORV OK HENRY COUN TV. July 3. 1867. Then he was married to Miss Margaret E. Elder. By this union they had two children, one son and one daughter. Mr. T. received his early education in his native county, at Anthon's Academy, attend- ing school regularly for a term of six years, in that institution. On coming to Henry County he resumed his studies, pursuing them at the public school in Holden, Johnson County, for two years. In 1874 he took a trip to Oregon, remained for one year and visited California on his return. He has 121 acres of land, upon which he has erected a new mill, for flouring, the sawing of lumber, etc. Politicalh' he is Independ- ent, sustaining the best men for office. WALKER TOWNSHIP. JOHN CALDWELL, was born in Noble County, Ohio, September 18. 1844, and was the third in a family of five children, of whom one brother, William, and two sisters, Jane Neptune and Mary Moberly, are living. His parents were Robert Caldwell, a native of Pennsylvania, and Elizabeth Ann (Coles) Caldwell, originally from Ohio. His father died while the son was but a boy and his mother seven years after married a William Huddleston. Her death occurred in 1872. In the spring of 1864 Young Caldwell entered the Twentieth Ohio Infantry and was attached to General Sher- man's command and served with him through his memorable campaign, being discharged at Springfield in July, 1865. On Christmas day of that year, he was married in Noble County, Ohio, to Miss Abigal Neptune, who was born in Belmont County, Ohio, March 9, 1844. In the spring of 1867 they came to Missouri and for two years lived at Dresden, Pettis County. There he engaged in milling at which he worked until 1880, coming to Henry County in 1877 when he erected the mill on Deep- ^ater. In 1869 he purchased his present tract of land and in 1875 he moved upon it. He has 160 acres in cultivation and handles a number of cattle and hogs. He and his wife are identified with the Methodist Episcopal Church and in politics Mr. Caldwell is Republican. He stands prominent among the enterprising men of Walker Township and takes an active interest in all matters of moral and educational tendencies. His family has numbered eight children: Charles W., William Hamp- son, Nettie Jane, Francis Marion, Flora Ellen May, Florence Matilda, BIOGRAPHICAL. 72 1 Clifford Levy and one who died in infancy. Recently Mr. C. and wife have had the misfortune to lose their second son, William Hampson, who died on the 17th of November, 1882. He was born March 3, 1869, and was a promising boy of nearly fourteen years. REV. ROBERT M. GRAGG was born in Howard County, Missouri, July 18, 1826, the seventh in a family often children. His father, Malcom Gragg was a native of Ten- nessee, as was also his mother, whose maiden name was Rebecca Broad- hust. They were married in Tennessee. In or about 1833 they came to Missouri and located in Pettis County, where they lived some three years, moving in 1836 to Rives (now Henry) County, and settling on Deepwater, on what is now known as the "Stone Farm." He entered that tract of land and lived there some time, when, in company with his brother, Robert Gragg, he entered all of the timber land on what is known as Camp Branch. They both built houses on the creek and remained there until their deaths. Rebecca Gragg died in 1857, sr'd Malcom Gragg in the year 1862. Robert M. is therefore among the earliest settlers of Henry County. At the time his father settled there, only three families lived on the south side of Grand River for miles in either direction. He received comparatively little education, having attended school but four months, and his teacher was Miss Catherine Robards, the present wife of Dr. Toucey, of Bates County. Just after this term of school, young Robert was accidently shot by a schoolmate, and for many months his life hung in the scales that seemed about evenly balanced, but his youthful vigor carried him safely through the danger. On the 22d of February, in his twentieth year, he was married to Miss Catharine Cook, of Johnson County, and for several years he farmed in connection with his father. In 1855, he moved on his present farm, receiving eighty acres from his father. He entered two hundred acres more soon after, and until 1876, handled stock quite extensively. When about sixteen years old, Mr. Gragg united with the church, and until 1850, he was attached to the United Brethren, when he joined the Methodist Protestant Church. In 1846 he was licensed to preach in the United Brethren Church, and continued as a local preacher until 1855, when he was ordained a regular minister of the gospel in the Methodist Protestant, and for over thirty years he has told the story of the Cross. His whole time was devoted to the cause of the church until 1863. He was placed upon the Warrensburg circuit several times, and much of his time was devoted to evangelical work. He was the only preacher in this section of the state who filled regular appointments during the war. Mr. Gragg has had a family of twelve children, of whom two died in nfancy, and two promising young men, Jasper Marion and Christopher 46 722 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. C. died in the summer of 1876, within five days of each other. Those living are : Rebecca M., John W., Elizabeth J., Burton H., Sarah A., and Mary B. Of his brothers who are now living: William R., and Henry H. Three sisters are still living: Susan Short, Mary Ann Poage and Ellender Crabtree. ADAM HARNESS, one of the pioneers of Henry County, was born in Hardiville, Virginia, on the 8th of March, 1808. He was the ninth in a family of three girls and seven boys, children of Adam and Elizabeth (Baker) Harness. In 1836 Adam Harness, Jr., was married in St. Charles County, Missouri, to Miss Nancy Murdock. Before he had attained his majority he came to Missouri on business for his father, and subsequently engaged in teaching school, and taught in St. Charles and Gasconade Counties. He afterwards located in Jefferson County, where he lived for some time, then moving to St. Louis County, where he remained until the year of 1854, when he came to Western Missouri, settling on the place which he now occupies. He at first bought a preemption claim and then entered his farm, entering and purchasing about 1,000 acres. He com- menced growing stock, which he has since continued. Mr. Harness' neighbors when he settled here, were Dr. Gates, Judge Stewart, Stephen and Henry Vickars, and a Mr. Sevier. He has reared a family of nine children, of whom five are living: William, Joseph, Alexander, Mary Ann and Nancy, Jack, Elvira, Adam and an infant, are deceased. ^ ALVIN C. HART, | section 29, is a native of North Carolina, and was born in Stokes County on June 4, 1846. His parents were Ashael W. and Verlinda Hart, nee \ Vanhoy. In 1852 his father came to Henry County and lived one year | in White Oak Township, and in 1855 he entered 120 acres of land, where ' he died November 3, 1865. His wife followed him on the 6th of April, \ 1868. Alvin's youthful days were employed with his father until of age, \ and on December 28, 1869, he was married in Johnson County to Miss Lucretia Smith, a native of Johnson County. She lived but five years after her marriage, dying November 12, 1874, and leaving one child, | Arthur Wallace, born January 20, 1871. In 1875 Mr. Hart went to the | Pacific coast, where he remained one year. Since 1877 he has been farming, and now owns a farm containing 160 acres, about 100 acres being in cultivation. He is a prominent member of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. Of his father's family of ten children, five of whom are now living: Sebastian C, Timothy, Sarah B., (wife of James H, Piatt,) j and Mary E., (wife of James W. Hunt.) BIOGRAPHICAL. 723 HENRY R. HIBLER was born ten miles from St. Louis on the 30th of November, 18 12, and was the eldest of a family of eleven children, of whom three only are now living-, one brother, William, being in Jasper County, and a sister, Susan Sevier, living in Texas. He grew to manhood near St. Louis, and when twenty years old moved with his parents to Gasconade, now Osage County. After working several years in the lumber mills of South Mis- souri and rafting on the Osage River he began farming about the time of his father's death, in 1837, and he was married in Osage County March 6, 1842, to Miss Nancy Hill, of the same county. Her death occurred ten years afterward, and on the 28th of February, 1855, Mr, Hibler was married to Miss Paulina Parks. Subsequently he removed to Henry County, where he arrived in the winter of that year, soon securing a tract of 120 acres of a Mr. Landsman. Mrs. Hibler died Aug- ust 3, 1859, a"d two years thereafter Mr. H. married Miss Mary C. Shel- ley, who also died January 13, 1876. Mr. Hibler entered 160 acres of land in 1857 and had at one time nearly 800 acres. His farm now con- sists of 350 acres, in a good state of cultivation, and he has a place of about 100 acres near Clinton and two small farms in Walker Township. He has been an extensive buyer of stock, having followed shipping and driving for several years. He handles about fifty head of cattle, some hogs, a good flock of sheep and several horses. When Mr. Hibler set- tled in Henry County he had but few neighbors, the principal ones being Robert, John and Henry Gragg. He is a staunch Democrat and has voted at every presidential election since Monroe. He enlisted in the Mexican war as lieutenant in Colonel Daugherty's regiment, and was stationed for some time at Fort Leavenworth. Mr. Hibler's parents were Samuel and Charlotte (Groff) Hibler, both natives of Kentucky. His mother was born in Lexington December 10, 1791, and is yet living with her son. Though ninety-one years old, she retains much of the vigor of half a century ago. Mr. H. has had ten children, of whom four were of the first marriage; they are: Samuel S., the eldest, who died on Red River, Arkansas, December 9, 1864; Joseph F. and Franklin F,, twins (Joseph lives near his father and Franklin is in St. Clair County); the youngest is Mary Charlotte, wife of John Fisher, living in St. Clair County. There were two in the second family, Susan Margaret (wife of Jacob Marks), and Fieldon, who died in infancy. The youngest children are James W., Samuel H., Walie J. and Annie Isabel, all at home. NICHOLAS LONG, was born in Warren County, Tennessee, April i, 18 18, and was the son of William and Ruthie (Grimes) Long, the former of Virginia, and the latter 724 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. | of Irish descent. They came to Missouri in 1834, and in the following year settled in Miller County where they lived until 185 1, when Nicholas removed to Henry County, locating upon a tract of 200 acres in White j Oak Township. He began to enter land and entered in all about 2,300 acres. In 1857 he came upon his present farm. He was married in Mil- ler County, March 26, 1843, to Miss Elizabeth Armstrong, who was born in Tennessee, April 5, 1823. They have reared a family of twelve child- ren of whom the two eldest, Mary and Sarah, and the youngest, Ben- jamin F., have died; Mary when seventeen years old, Sarah when twenty- one, and Benjamin F. at the age of twelve years. All of the others are ; married and living near their parents. They are John J. (whose wife j was Minerva A. Carter), James M. (who married Martha Engles), George ; W., (the husband of Mary E. Elliot), Henry P. (whose companion was Cordelia Koontz), William and Nicholas C, the youngest, (who married \ Mattie Toalson.) The girls are Margaret Ann (wife of George Bailey), ; Julian Ann, (wife of Tim Hart), and Elizabeth (who married John Hill). William, the seventh in the family, was born in Henry County, January 16, 1856. He was employed on his father's farm until nineteen years old when his father gave him eighty acres of land and he began farming on his own account. On February 18, 1878, he married Miss Mary C Dix- son, daughter of Alfred Dixson. They have had four children: Annie E. \ Alonzo, Minnie, who died aged seven months, and Florence Eda. Mr. Long and wife are members of the M. E. Church, and he is a Republican in his political views. 1 JOSEPH W. MOBERLY was born in Noble County, Ohio, September 14, 1846, his parents being Joseph and Margaret (Prior) Moberly. Joseph was the third of six chil- dren, one of whom, Hezekiah, lives in the same township. Mr. Moberly's young days were spent upon his father's farm in Ohio, and when in his twentieth year he was married to Miss Mary Caldwell in Lawrence County, Ohio. He began farming and continued that occupation until > 1880, when he came to Henry County, Missouri, and located in Walker Township, buying a farm of eighty acres. He is now giving his atten- tion to tilling the soil, and is also raising cane to some extent, having the past year at least five acres, making 600 gallons. Mr. Moberly has I just erected a small store building on his farm and expects to put in a stock of general merchandise at an early date; and a postoffice will also be secured. He is one of the enterprising farmers of his section of the i county, and though a recent arrival here, is fast taking a position to which his business abilities and enterprise entitle him. Mr. Moberly has six children: Margaret Jane, Sarah Alice, Joseph William, Elbina, Ellen and Jeanettc May. I BIOGRAPHICAL. 725 WILLIAM MOORE was born in Lincoln County, Kentucky, September 22, 1830, and was the son of Samuel and Nancy Moore. He is the sixth of seven children, of whom one only, beside himself, is living, Mrs. Mary Bazzell. His parents died when he was quite young, and he grew to manhood in Mis- souri, having come to Johnson County in 1835. His youthful days were employed on a farm, and in November, 1852, he was married to Miss Nancy Tucker. In the spring of 1855 Mr. Moore came to Henry County and entered 160 acres of land, upon which he now lives. His farm con- tains 320 acres, and is in a fair state of cultivation, with good improve- ments. In April, 188 1, Mrs. Moore died, leaving nine children, six of whom are living: Mary A. Salmons; Emily, wife of Edward Walker; Louisa, Alice, Laura and George William. ROBERT A. THOMPSON. One of the most original minds in Henry County is that of Robert A. Thompson. Though quite a young man, and having received but a limited education, his genius and inventive mind are placing him among those who are public benefactors, through the means of his various labor saving inventions. He was born in Clarke County, Illinois, November 15, 185 1, and is the fifth of ten children, four of whom are living, James, John D. and Melissa, now Mrs. Labaugh. His father, Robert Thomp- son, was a native of the North of Ireland, and his mother, formerly Margaret Birney, was born in Lawrence County, Illinois, where they were married March 23, 1841. In the same year they came to Clay County, Missouri, and after living there six years returned to Clark County, Illinois. Entering land he lived there six years, when he came to Henry County, in 1854. He has entered nearly 800 acres, and also owns 320 acres in Hickory County. Mr. Robert Thompson enlisted in the Seventh Missouri during the war, and participated in the battle of Lone Jack, where he received six wounds, and was discharged at Green- field in February, 1863. Robert A. Thompson was married January 23, 1879, at Clinton, to Miss Mary C. McGrath, daughter of James McGrath, born February 10, 1858, in Jo. Daviess County, Illinois. They have two children, Anna Belle and Robert James. Mr. Thompson, being natur- ally of an inquiring disposition, closely noticed various labor saving inventions, and in the fall of 188 1 he began to experiment with a three horse equalizer, and has secured a patent on his invention. It has been pronounced the most complete equalizer ever patented. He has, also, a model for a corn planter attachment, for the check rower, which will obviate the necessity of a check line. He is also at work on a riding plow attachment which places the plow in front of the wheels. Other 726 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. minor inventions are receiving his attention. He, as was his father, is identified with the M. E. Church, and in politics is a Republican. JOSEPH WAGNER was born on the Juniata .River, in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, May 26, 18 14, and is the eldest of a family of eight children, three of whom, beside himself are living. John T. Wagner, his father, was also a native of the Keystone State. His mother's maiden name was Eliza- beth Cross, originally from Maryland. While quite young Joseph was taken to Licking County, Ohio, where he grew to maturity and on Sep- tember 13, 1836, when in his twenty-third year, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Covey, born in Maryland. They rented a farm for ten years, when he settled in Union County, on land given him by his father. After living in that locality tor nine years he returned to Licking Count}', and remained there until 1864, when he emigrated west and located in Green County, Iowa, where he made his home until 1869. Coming to Henry County in the spring of that year he settled where he now resides. The family has consisted of eight children: Martha Jane, the eldest, (wife of Samuel Carrier), and living at Rich Hill; Francis Marion, lives at Mon- roe, Wisconsin; James Monroe, married Mary M. Bailey, and is in Lead- ville, Colorado; Mary Ann is wife of Nathan Lake; Nancy Elizabeth is the wife of J. W. Bennett, at Rich Hill; Emily Eliza married David T. Owens; John Wesley married Elizabeth Harrison, and lives in Davis Township; the youngest, Samuel Cox, was recently married to Miss Marian Birge, and lives with his father. Mr. Wagner has been a justice of the peace for about six years, a position which he has filled with credit. RICHARD R. WALKER was born in Stokes, (now Forsyth) Count)', North Carolina, March 24, 1825. His parents, David Walker and Mary, m'c Bennett, who were both natives of North Carolina, had eight children in their family, of whom Richard was the sixth. Only five of the number are now living and he is the only one in Missouri. In 1855, September 2, he was married in Stokes County, North Carolina, to Miss Melissa Ann Hart, who died just four years afterward, on September 2, 1855. In the September following his marriage he came to Missouri and settled in White Oak Township, Henry County, where he entered a forty acre tract of land, upon which he lived one season. Then he entered forty acres on Grandady Branch. He also preempted a tract on Deepwater, upon which he built a house. In i860 Mr. Walker returned to North Carolina and remained four years, locating on his present place in the next year. His farm contains eighty acres, all improved. In 1874 he went to Texas, but stayed only two BIOGRAPHICAL. 72/ . years. He is a carpenter by trade, and much of his time has been employed at work at this calling. At the spring election of 1882 Mr. W. was chosen a justice of the peace. He is a Republican in politics, and is a micmberof the M. E. Church. He has one son, James T. ROBERT W. WALKER was born in New Forsythe County, North Carolina, (at that time Stokes County), October 15, 1845, and was the son of Ur. William and Eliza- beth B. (VanHoy) Walker, both natives of that state. The former was born in Stokes County, October 19, 1804, and his wife in November, 1809. His grandfather came from Ireland early in the last century. The family of VanHoys are of Holland descent, and the ancestors were probably co- temporaries with the Knickerbockers of New York, William and Eliza- beth were married October 19, 1828. Dr. Walker early began the practice of medicine, which he continued through life. He came to Missouri and to Henry County in the spring of 1852, in company with several other fam- ilies, and located on Deepwater, where he entered about 500 acres of land and where he lived until his death which occurred February 12, 188 1. On the lOth of the month the doctor was superintending the loading of some saw logs, and one falling upon him he sustained injuries which resulted in his death. He had been one of the county's most highly respected and influential men, and his death was seriously felt by hundreds whose good fortune it had been to know him. He was one of the pioneer physicians here, and his practice extended over a large scope of country. His soul was in the work, and when called upon to render professional services to suffering fellow beings, he never hesi- tated to comfort the distressed, though often without hope of pecuniary gain. He became a professor of religion when a young man, and was a member of the M. E. Church for upwards of forty years, but since 1865 he had been connected with the Cumberland Presbyterians, and lived a consistent Christian life. None were quicker to respond to charity's call, and to the stranger who approached his door the latch string was always on the outside. His wife, Elizabeth, survived him but a few months, dying on the 12th of the following September. Robert W. is the only son living, one, the second in the family, James H., dying in camp in 1862, at Georgetown, Pettis County, aged about thirty-one years. Four sisters are living : Flavia V., (wife of B. M. Wayne), Luzettie J. (wife of John C. Rice), Fiorina A., (wife of John R. Greenhalgh), and Candace O., (wife of John Anderson, of Pleasant Hill, Missouri.) Three sisters have died. The eldest of the family, Martha A., died in 1855, at the age of twenty-six, Mary E., in 1852, when eighteen years old, and Verlinda E., also in 1855, at fifteen years of age. Robert Walker was married October 15, 1868, at Knobnoster, to Miss Mary E. Smith, 728 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. daughter of a pioneer of Johnson County. She died of consumption November iq, 1877, leaving three children: Demarius Otelia, Charles Edward and William Jesse. Two years after this, Mr. Walker was mar- ried on November 24, 1879, to Miss Paulina McMillan, who was born in Forsythe County, North Carolina, January 17, 1859. They have one child, living: Lora Leona, and recently buried a little boy, Robert Ham- ilton, who died November 13, 1882. Mr. Walker received such educa- tion as could be gained in the schools of the county, prior to the war, and having access to his father's library, he soon acquired a thirst for reading and became familiar with standard works. He has served the people in the capacity of justice for some time, having been elected and afterwards appointed. Himself, wife, and eldest daughter are connected with the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Mr. Walker lives on a part of the land which his father entered on his coming to the country. DAVIS TOWNSHIP. JAMES ARMSTRONG was born in Madison County, Ohio, September 20, 1833, being the sixth of fifteen children, whose parents were Robert and Elizabeth (Earl) Armstrong, natives of Ohio. One sister, Mary J., is the wife of Dr. D. R. Caldwell; one is in Kansas City, and one brother, Robert, is at Shel- byville. The young days of James were spent on a farm, and he then engaged in mercantile pursuits at London, Ohio. In 1855 he moved to Bloomington, Illinois, and in 1856 to Kansas. For some years he was on the freight lines to Santa Fe. During the war he served in the Sec- ond Kansas Cavalry, taking part in some of the principal border fights and receiving two wounds. In 1868 he came to Henry County, Mis- souri, and began to improve a tract of land which his father had entered. His farm contains 640 acres and is one of the best in the county. Mr. Armstrong deals extensively in stock and is considered one of the most reliable men of this locality. He was married April 16, 1867, in Cham- paign County, Illinois, to Miss Minerva Crozen, who was born at Har- per's Ferry, Virginia, May 14, 1834. They have four children living: Harry, Claude, Robert and James O. One, Gracie, died at the age of fourteen months. BIOGRAPHICAL. 729 R. P. BLEVINS, is probably the oldest person now living who was born in the present limits of Henry County. He was born October 20, 183 1, in what is now Shawnee Township, on the Pleasant Walker farm. One child only was born in the county prior to his birth and that was the son of a colored woman in the family of Lang Avery, and that child is supposed to have died in infancy. "Pres.," as he is familiarly called, is the eldest of a fam- ily of five children, of whom all are living but Stephen, who died of small-pox at Bloody Island, St. Louis, in 1863. He had entered Price's command and was captured at Prairie Grove. His father, Ezekial Blev- ins, came from Kentucky to Missouri when a young man, and in John- son County met Miss Theresa Young, to whom he wa.s soon after mar- ried. They settled in Henry County in 1830, and after living three years in Shawnee he went to White Oak, where he secured a small farm and afterward entered 600 or 700 acres of land upon which he lived until his wife's death in 1861. Going to Johnson County he died there in the fall of 1865 at the age of fifty-three. When twenty-three years old R. P. borrowed $ 100 and entered eighty acres of land in section 23, and began to make a farm. January 14, 1854, he was married in Bates County to Miss Missouri Crockett, daughter of James Crockett, an early settler of that county. She was born in Indiana, May 16, 183 1. Mr. B. soon built a little log cabin and began a life of hard work. His first dealing in stock was by trading a rifle for fourteen head of hogs. He raised hogs for quite a while, until able to sell at one time, and then buying a few heifers, he laid the foundation for a stock business unsurpassed by any man in Henry County. He now owns over 2,700 acres of land in the best part of the county, and during the past year raised 2,000 acres of corn, and fed 350 head of beef cattle, about an average number for him to feed. He has on hand also 450 stock cattle. He has 900 head of feeding hogs and nearly 1,000 pigs, together with a flock of 400 Cotswold sheep. He raises 400 acres of meadow, and has excellent success in cultivating the tame grasses. He was formerly one of the most extensive shippers from this section of the state, but for three years has not done much in this line. Mr. Blevins is Democratic in politics and takes quite an active interest in educational matters. He has acquired his splendid com- petency by adhering to strict business principles, and good judgment in his labors. Certainly no man in the county dispenses hospitality with a more liberal hand or is more sincerely liked by those with whom he has dealings than " Pres." Blevins. He has a family of seven children. The eldest, John, has a farm of 640 acres, and is a thorough business man; his wife, was a Miss Belle Tolston. Mary is the wife of Benjamin Collins, Sarah Jane is the wife of John B. Cornett. Nancy Ann married Robert DeArman and lives in Bogard; Fred, Julia and Lottie Pearl are 730 HISTORY OF HENRV COUNTY. at home. Walter Reno, a lad of fourteen, has been in Mr. Blevins' fam- ily for four years. JEREMIAH BLEVINS was born in Johnson County, Missouri, October 24, 1837. ^ sketch of the life of his parents will be found in the biography of his brother, " Pres " Blevins. Jeremiah's early days were spent in hard work upon his father's farm, and in his twentieth year he was married, on Septem- ber 28, 1857, to Miss Mary E. Dunn. His father giving him a small piece of land, and managing to enter another small tract, he engaged in farm- ing, and in 1861 had acquired over 400 acres of land. When the call for arms was raised he enlisted at Lone Jack, at which place commenced his war record. Being in Colonel Cockrell's command he continued with him until the battle at Prairie Grove, Arkansas, where he and his brother Stephen were captured. He was confined at St. Louis, Alton and Chicago, and after being kept a prisoner for six months was exchanged at Petersburg, Virginia. He joined the forces again at Rich- mond and remained there for forty days, when he went south and re- joined his original commander at Meriden, Mississippi. He surrendered at Jackson, Mississippi, in 1865. He received but one serious wound, that being caused by a shell fracturing his left knee. When the war closed Mr. Blevins returned to Missouri and resumed his farming opera- tions, after an interruption of five years. His wife had lived but a few years after their marriage, and on his return in the fall of 1865 he married Miss Emily H. Feris, daughter of Charles Feris, of Bates County. His first wife had left him one son, George W., who has married Miss Martha DeArman. By his present wife he has five children: Virginia Ann, Stephen E. Dullie, Lizzie and Robert E. Lee. Mr. Blevins has been quite successful in his business undertakings, and now owns over 800 acres of good land, and has also a good farm in Texas. He feeds a moderate number of cattle each year, having about 125 head of stock at present. DR. R. M. BOLTON was born at Jefferson City, Missouri, on the eleventh of January, 1846, and is the seventh of a family of twelve children, seven boys and five girls. His parents were Meredith N. and Sarah Bolton, fiee Hall. The former of North Carolina family and the latter of Virginia birth. They came to Missouri in 1828 and lived in and near Jefferson City until their deaths. Mr. B. dying in 1877 and his widow in the next year. R. M. received fair school advantages in youth, having attended the Lafayette high school, under that staunch old educator. Dr. Arnot. He began the study of medicine at home and continued studying under his brother, Rufus L., a physician of long practice at Holden. In 187 1 he com- BIOGRAPHICAL. 73 I menced his practice in Johnson County, and after a time removed to Lucas, in Henry County, where he remained two years, then coming to Ladue, in 1874, and purchasing a drug store. He has since been prac- ticing his profession with good success. Dr. Bolton was married at Lucas, while engaged in his practice there, on October 15, 1872, to Miss Amelia K. Godwin, daughter of William Godwin. She is a native of Tennessee. They have two children, Howard and Roxana, and have also lost two, the eldest, Lewis, dying at three years, and the other in infancy. Mrs. Bolton is identified with the Methodist Church, South. DR. A. P. BOWMAN was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, on the 23d of May, 1819. His parents were of New Jersey birth, and were named Nathaniel and Ann (Buffin) Bowman. They reared a family of six children, of whom A. P. is the fourth, and he has been a resident of this state since the age of twenty years. He began to practice medicine when about twenty-seven years old, and followed the profession for ten years in Clay County, hav- ing spent one year in California. He came to Henry County in )86i, from Bates County, where he lived for four years just previous, and con- tinued the practice here under serious difficulties during the war, and since then until within the past three years, when he concluded to hand the practice to younger men. He has since devoted himself to the labors of the farm. Dr. Bowman was married October 28, 1846, to Miss Mariah M. Riley, daughter ot Major A. M. Riley, of Clay County. They have five children: Lucy Ann, (wife of John Henkle) Carrie A., (wife of J. T. Parks, in Franklin County), Alia L, in school at Kansas City, and two boys, T. C. and A. R. T. C. Bowman was born June 2, 1855, in Platte County, Missouri. A. R., born in Bates County, May 8, 185 1. They have received fair educational advantages, A. R. attending the Clinton public schools,'and T. C. having spent one year at Warrensburg Normal School. The youngest was married October 14, 1880, to Miss Ella Adair, daughter of William Adair. She died September 16, 1881, having one child, Locke. The brothers are farming quite extensively, having over 4Q0 acres of good land. They feed about fifty head of cattle and 100 hogs. The family are all identified with the Christian Church. JONATHAN W. BROWN is a native of Delaware, having been. born in Kent County May 31, 1843. His parents were F. C. and Ruth (Wyatt) Brown. J. W. is the eldest of fourteen children, eight of whom are now living in this county. The family came to Henry County in 1843 when he was but an infant, and his younger days were spent here. At the outbreak of the war he 732 HISTORY OF HENRY COaNTY. enlisted in the Sixtieth E. M. M. and was in the Forty-third Volunteer. He was stationed for nearly two years at St. Louis, where he did gen- eral duty. When Colonel Hollis organized his command at Clinton Mr. Brown was chosen as second lieutenant in Captain Whitworth's com- pany, in which capacity he served fourteen months. Upon peace being restored he engaged in farming operations, and on February 6, 1866, he was married to Miss Margaret Morgan, a native of Kentucky. She lived until October 20, 1874, when she died,Jeaving one child. On July 13 following Mr. Brown was married to Mrs. Eda A. Armstrong, widow of F. M. Armstrong. Mrs. Brown is the sister of R. P. Blevins. One child is living to bless this union, Josephine. In 1875 he moved upon his pres- ent farm, which contains eighty acres of excellent land. In politics he is Republican. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. fraternity and is identified with the Methodist Protestant Church. His wife is a Cumber- land Presbyterian. SAMUEL CALVERT was born in Franklin County, Kentucky, March i, 1831, being the son of Isaac and Mildred (Chambers) Calvert, both natives of Virginia. One brother, Cyrus, is in Kentucky, and one sister, Nancy MuUin, is in White Oak Township, this county. Samuel was reared on a farm, and Decem- ber 19, 1854, he was married to Miss Amanda E. Bodkin in Harrison County, Kentucky. March 31, 1868, she departed this life, and on April 27 of the^following year he was married in Clarke County, Missouri, to Miss Mary S. Beckett, a native of that county. She died in January, 1875. March 22, 1876, he married Mrs. Harriet N. Sullivan, whose maiden name was Wisely. She has one daughter, now the wife of S. C. Armstrong. Mr. Calvert has four children by his first marriage: Isaac N. (in Washington Territory), Catherine Z. (wife of James Shipp), Wil- liam S. and Mollie Belle. His second wife left him two children, Wood- ford and Ellen, in Clarke County. Mr. Calvert came to Henry County in 1858 and bought 620 acres of land. His farm now contains 280 acres, and he has been handling stock more or less while living here, now hav- ing one car load feeding, with about fifty head of stock cattle. During the war he served under Colonel Marmaduke and was wounded at the fight of Lone Jack. He is a thorough business man and a most hospita- ble gentleman. GEORGE W. CRUCE is a native of Kentucky, having been born in Livingston County, (now Crittenden) September 11, 1829. His parents were James and Nancy (Harrison) Cruce, also natives of Kentucky. George was the fifth of nine children, and he has one brother, James, in Vernon County, Mis- souri. In 1854 he first came to Missouri and then entered a half section BIOGRAPHICAL. 733 of land, but soon after went back to his native home. After an. absence of two years he returned to Missouri and began to improve his land. On the 7th of February, 1858, he was married to Miss Frances Hester, orig- inally of Tennessee. In 1862 he again returned to Kentucky, and remained there until the close of the rebellion, when he once more came to Missouri, and for four years was occupied at Warrensburg in clerking for the firm of Cruce & Bell. In 1869 he removed upon his farm. This contains 315 acres in one of the most agreeable sections of the county, all of which is in a fair state of cultivation, and he is improving his stock to some extent. Mr. Cruce is one of the more substantial and reliable men of this vicinity, and for ten years has held the office of jus- tice of the peace. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, having been admitted over thirty years ago. He has but two children, George, aged twenty-two, and Marshall, aged nineteen years. WILLIAM DAVIS was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, January 28, 1814, and was the son of Thomas and Sarah (Ruddell) Davis, natives of Virginia. William, the youngest of ten children, is the only one of the family now living. When he was eleven years old his parents removed to Pike County, Missouri, and settled near the village of Clarksville, being among the first settlers of that part of the state. At the age of twenty-two, Decem- 'ber 24, 1835, Mr. Davis was married to Miss Elizabeth Price. He was subsequently engaged in farming in Pike County, until 1856, when he came to Henry County and settled in the tract of land upon which he still lives. He was the first man to settle away from the timber in that section, but he located on the prairie and entered. nearly 3,oco acres of land. The first year he put lOO acres under fence and raised a crop of corn. He now has 400 acres in the farm, all improved, and about one- half in cultivatior). He is growing tame grass quite successfully, having seventy-five acres. He has handled a large number of cattle, and now keeps about seventy-five head, "^twenty being high graded Short Horns from the noted herd of Kissinger. He also keeps sixty Cotswold sheep and 100 Berkshire hogs. The town of Ladue is situated on land granted by Mr. Davis to the railroad company. His father died in Pike County in 1837, at the age of sixty-eight years, and his mother lived until ten years ago, having reached the age of ninety-six years. Mrs. Davis died January 14, 1878, having borne a family of twelve children, six of whom survive: Margaret Ann, (now Mrs. Carl Shy) William B., Mollie, (wife of George Mayes) Ellen, (wife of Henry Settles) George and Jennie, (wife of Porter Settles). John, the eldest, died when twenty-three years old. Sarah Frances died at twenty, and Thomas having entered the militia of Pike County, was killed by the accidental discharge of a gun 734 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. in the hands of a comrade. Lucinda and Henrietta were each about two years old, and Joseph had just became of age. On September 19, 1878, Mr. Davis was united in marriage to Mrs. Mary A. Rutledge. Her maiden name was Mary F. Waggener, and she was born in Mason County, Virginia, May 6, 1833, and was married in 1857 in Putnam County, Missouri, removing thence to Texas, where she lived for several years. She had five children: Annie, the eldest, (wife of John Harri- son); William died at fifteen, and Joseph, Charles and Minnie, are at home. Mr. 13. and wife are members of the Christian Church, and in politics he is a Republican. He is an energetic, thorough business man and a model farmer. JUDGE JAMES M. HARRISON was born in Mason County, West Virginia, May 24, 183 1. His father was William H. Harrison,' and his mother's maiden name was Esther Allen, both of old Virginia families. She died in 1854, but the former is residing on the old home farm in Western Virginia. He is a hale old gentleman of seventy-four years, and is living with his third wife. James was the second of eleven children, six of whom are living, two besides himself in Missouri, Caroline, (wife of William A. Pfost) and Virginia, (wife of James Porter.) He grew to manhood on his father's farm, and in his twenty-first year was married, January 10, 1852, to Miss Esther Fisher, of Virginia. In 1856 they came to Missouri and settled near Calhoun, where they lived on the " Draper Farm " two years, moving thence in 1858 to his present home. He ertered 160 acres of land and bought more as his means would allow, and his farm now contains about 700 acres of fine lartd suitable for stock growing or agriculture. Mr. Harrison is one of the substantial farmers of the county, and was chosen at the recent election judge of the county court, for the second district. During the war he served about six moftths with Price, and participated in the action at Drywood, and was also at the capture of Lexington. He afterward served in the state militia, and was at Sedalia at the time of the raid upon that place. In 1876, having suffered from poor health for some time, he went to California and spent one season in the moun- tains. Recuperating his failing health he has since devoted his atten- tion to the duties of the farm. Judge Harrison lost his wife on the 5th of December, 1877. She left four children: Mary Elizabeth, (wife of John W. Wagner), John W., (whose wife is Anna Rutlege), James H., (who married Mattie Birge) and Mordecia A. January 2, 188 1, he mar- ried Miss Margaret P. Green. They have one child, Clement J. BIOGRAPrilCAL, 735 O. C. HORRELL was born in Scott County, Illinois, November 17, 1821, being the son of Charles W. and Elizabeth (Carson) Horrell, both Kentuckians by birth, who settled in Illinois in 18 19. O. C. is the third of six children. He was married at the age of twenty-seven years, on October 22, 1848, to> Miss Elizabeth Sawyer, after which he located in Iowa, where they lived until coming to Missouri, in 1870. Then they took up their residence where they now live. His farm contains 160 acres on section 15. He has a family of six children: James B., Charles W., William B., Clara L.^ Ida Ann and Alice G. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of the M. E. Church, and has been a Mason for twenty years. J. M. AND H. M. HULL are prominent men of Henry County. Th£ former was born April 4, 1854, and the latter September 8, 1859, J. M. in Oneida County, New York, and H. M. in DeKalb County, Illinois. Their parents were Silas C. Hull, a native of New York, and Augusta P., nee Linebeck. They were married in Oneida County, New York, in 1850, and in 1856 settled in DeKalb County, Illinois, where they remained ten years, coming thence to Missouri in 1866. Their father died March 20, 1877, and since that time the boys have conducted the operations of the farm. This contains 120 acres, all improved, upon which they annually feed a car load of cattle and keep twenty hogs and thirty sheep. The elder of the brothers managed to acquire a fair common school education in youth, and for some years has employed the winter months in teaching school, and is considered one of the successful instructors of the county. Neither are married. SAMUEL H. JONES, M. D. * was born in Warren County, Missouri, November 27, 1837. His father, John Jones was an old practitioner of Warren County, having settled there in 1818 from Kentucky. He met his death by assassination in 1842. He had tried to have the laws enforced against evil doers, and at the hands of such men he received his death. Samuel's mother, for- merly Minerva B. Callaway, was a daughter of Flanders Callaway, promi- nent among the pioneers of Missouri, and who married the daughter of Daniel Boone, thus making Dr. Jones the great grandson of the famous hunter. A portion of the original stone that was placed at the head of Daniel Boone's grave, is now in Dr. Jones' possession. At his mother's death, when he was but sixteen years of age, he went to Franklin County, and lived with a brother. He attended DesPaine's College at St. Louis, and in 1857, he began to stud}' with Dr. Powell at Marthasville, Warren 736 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. County, but at the end of a year, entered with his brother at Newport, Franklin County, In 1859 he attended the St. Louis Medical College, where he graduated in the spring of 1861. He then began the practice of his profession at Miller's Landing, and July 16, 1861, he was married in St. Louis, to Miss Cynthia A. Griswold, who was born February 8, 1843. In the fall of the same year he entered the army service at Osceola, and was made assistant surgeon under Dr. Dorsey in Colonel Johnson's regiment in Parson's Brigade. He remained for eighteen months in Missouri and Arkansas, when he returned home and resumed' the prac- tice at Marthasville. In 1864 he removed to Williamsburg, Callaway County, and subsequently practiced in Warren County again for two years. In 1870 he came to Henry County, and located seven miles west of Clinton, and in 1872, took up his residence in Ladue, where he has a very successful practice. In 1878 he opened a drug store, and has since been handling a good stock. Dr. Jones has for a time been buying stock and grain and in each of these industries, is doing a fair trade. On the 8th of March 1880, his wife died. He has seven children living: Lee, Archibald N., Caroline A., Sallie P., Harvey, Jeffie, and Daniel B. Dr. Jones has been a member of the Masonic fraternity for nearly twenty- five years. STEPHEN A. D. MANON, commonly known as " Doug." Manon, was born in Licking County, Ohio, on the 6th of January, i860, and is the youngest of a family of seven children. His father, H. S. Manon, a native of Pennsylvania, was born January 2, 1810. His mother's name before marriage was Mary Palmer- ston, and she was born in New York, December 14, 1822. Mr. Manon has long been a prominent character in the politics of the Buckeye State. He was a delegate to the presidential convention which nominated Greeley and Brown, and also of the convention that drafted the present constitution of Ohio. He is now living a retired life. Of the family two besides our suject are living in Henry County: Martin VanBuren and Mrs. Lida Harville, widow of Alexander Harville. The others are Miles P., S. H., Ella and John T. In 1865 the family settled in Mason County, Illinois, where they lived nine years. Removing to Logan County, they remained there until the spring of 1881 when they came to Henry County. The farm contains 104 acres of good land, well improved •with good buildings, etc. They handle considerable stock, including about forty head of Berkshire hogs. "Doug." has received a fair educa- tion, mainly at Lincoln University, at Lincoln, Illinois, and since com- ing to Missouri has been the Missouri correspondent to the Lincoln Democrat. His marriage occurred on December 31, 1882. BIOGRAPHICAL. 737 CHARLES H. MERTEL is a native of Prussia, where he was born October 25, 1852, being the youfigest of three brothers, Edward and Frederick now living- in Illinois. His parents, Frederick and Natalea (Witchel) Mertel, were also born in Prussia. When -but four years old Charles was brought to Missouri, and after a short residence here went to Keokuk, Iowa, and in 1859 to St. Charles County, Missouri. There his father served in the militia during the war. In 1868 he came to Johnson County, and in 1870 to Henry, locating where Charles is now living. The senior Mertel died at War- saw, November 18, 1878, from the effect of a gunshot wound in the breast, received while on a hunting expedition in company with several gentlemen. It is unknown who fired the fatal shot, but it is supposed to have been some person hostile to the hunting party. The shot was fired through the tent at night while all inside were asleep. Mr. C. H. Mertel is one of the most progressive farmers of this neighborhood. His farm contains nearly 200 acres of excellent farming land, situated two miles north of LaDue. He was married February 22, 1877, to Miss Kate Cook, of this county, where she was born January 5, i860, being a daughter of the late Jacob Cook. Two children have blessed this union, Anna Florence and Etna May. Mr. Mertel and wife are mem- bers of the Lutheran Church, and in politics he is Independent. WILLIAM F. AND EUGENE D. MING were both born in Franklin County, Missouri, the former February i, 1849, and the latter January 25, 1855. Their parents were James M. and Jennie (Osborn) Ming. William was married January 30, 1878, to Miss Celeste Jeffries, who was born October 2, 1854, i" the same county as himself. They have one child, Robert D. Eugene was married Novem- ber 6, 1881, to Miss Laura May, born October 20, 1862. These brothers came to Henry County in 1878, and now have a desirable tract of 800 acres of land, 600 being in cultivation. They have 400 acres of corn 120 in wheat, and are feeding lOO head of beef cattle and a like number of stock cattle, with 400 hogs. They are men of more than ordinary culture and ability and have acquired a good education. William spent two years at the St. Louis University and was for some time at the Christian Brothers' Academy. Eugene received his education at the State University, and for a while was engaged in teaching after coming to Henry County. Both have passed some time in the mountains, where their father has large stock interests. HARRISON NOBLE was born in Franklin County, Kentucky, January 3, 18 18. His father, William Noble, a native of Virginia, was a soldier in the war of inde- 47 738 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1 pendence, participating in the battle of Guilford Court House. He mar- ; ried Hannah Miner, of Pennsylvania. Of a family of seven children, i Harrison was the sixth; four are now living. At the age of eleven years he was taken to Parke County, Indiana, where he grew to man's estate, and on his nineteenth birthday he was married to Miss OUey Spurgeon, also of Kentucky. His father died in 1841, and in the following year he emigrated to Missouri. Himself and wife drove with ox teams to their new home and settled in what is now Harrison County, Missouri, then a portion of Daviess. He was engaged in farming and in running a steam mill there for nearly forty years. In 1869 Mr. Noble came to 1 Henry County and bought a tract of land four miles south of Clinton, consisting of nearly 900 acres. He began to handle stock, and con- tinued farming until 1876, when he became interested in selling goods at LaDue, having the second store of any note in the place. He and his youngest son Harrison, sold goods for about two years, when he dis- 1 posed of his store interests and has since been occupied in handling and 1 manufacturing "Thompson's " washer. Mr. Noble is the inventor of all improved washing machine, and has received letters patent on his inven- tion. He has been keeping the LaDue Travelers' Home for two years, and his attention as " mine host" have brought the house into popular favor. He has two farms, one of 300 acres and one of eighty acres, and both are underlaid with four foot veins of coal. On the 5th of February, i i87i,the companion of Mr. Noble, she who had lent the helping hand, | and had assisted and comforted him for thirty-four years, died on the | 15th of May, 1875. He married Mrs. Margaret Mills, widow of James 1 Mills, who died in 1870. Her maiden name was Margaret Tisinger and | she was born in North Carolina. Mr. Noble has four children: John, Elizabeth, Harrison and Lewis, the last dying in Daviess County in May, 1881. John lives in Harrison County. Elizabeth is the wife of W, P. Martin and lives in Clinton Township. Plarrison lives in LaDue. His wife was Miss Julia Saunders. Mr. Noble is a member of the Metho- , dist Church. In politics he is a Greenbacker, having formerly been a ' Whig, and casting his first vote for General Harrison. ; Dr. JOSEPH NOBLE, | physician and surgeon at LaDue, was born in Parke County, Indiana, on the last day of February, 1846, and was next to the last of ten children, of whom six are now living. His parents were natives of Shelby County, Kentucky, and settled in Indiana soon after the Indian war. j Our subject bears the name of his father, and his mother's maiden name | was Sarah May. His early days were fully employed assisting his father in the labors of the farm, and he acquired a fair education, mainly in the country schools and at Belmore Seminary. At the age of sixteen j BIOGRAPHICAL. 739 years he enlisted in the Fifty-fifth Indiana Volunteers and remained in that command three months, being in the action at Richmond, Ken- tucky. At the expiration of a year spent at home he again responded to the call for troops, this time enlisting in the 149th Indiana, and remaining in service until discharged at Nashville in September, 1865. He then passed one year in school, and when twenty years of age came west and for two years was occupied in teaching in Henry and Jasper Counties, Missouri. Returning to Indiana in 1868 he began the study of medicine with Dr. John Wilcox, at Greencastle, Indiana, with whom he studied for two years, when he attended the lecture course of the University of Virginia. He graduated from that institution in June, 1870. He retraced his steps to Coatesville, Indiana, and then began a practice that has extended over twelve years. In the Centennial year he again came to Missouri, and locating at LaDue has gained an envia- ble reputation among the successful practitioners of the county. As well as being a successful physician Dr. Noble is a farmer of exceptional success. His farm contains 420 acres of good land, well improved, with far better than the customary buildings, and making one of the most desirable stock farms in the county. He handles about 150 cattle, feed- ing forty head of good steers and sixty hogs. On the 23d of February, 1873, the doctor was married to Miss Laura Layton, a native of Indiana, born July 16, 1856. Mrs. Noble is a member of the M. E. Church. Dr. Noble is Democratic, and for twenty years has been a member of the Masonic fraternity. J. W. PENLAND, farmer and stock grower, was born on the Holstein River, in Cocke County, Tennessee, August 23, 1845. His parents, Aaron and Catha- rine (Philips) Penland, were married in Tennessee, and were the parents of six children, three boys and three girls, all of whom are living. When seven years of age John W. was taken to Kentucky, but after living there orrly one year the family came on West to Illinois, settling in Washington County, where he lived with his father until the age of eigh- teen. Then he began to work by the month, which he continued for five or six years, and in 1869 he came with his father to Henry County, and for nearly two years had charge of the water tank at Grand River. His father, a brother and himself secured an interest in the Grand River toll road, and repairing the road they retained it until the expiration of the charter when it reverted to the county. Mr. Penland was then given charge of the Deepwater tank and ran that until August, 1880. In 1877 he secured his farm which consists of 280 acres. He has a fine stock and grain farm and usually handles about fifty head each of cattle and hogs. April I, 1872, he married Mrs. Annie Vanscoyk, who was born in Ver- million County, Indiana, September 29, 1847. She was the widow of J-^O HTSTOKV OF HENRY COUNTY. Allen Vanscoyk. who died January /, 1870. They were married in Indi- ana in 1864, and soon after came to Missouri. She has one girl, Gracie A., aged fifteen years, and she also lost a boy of twelve years, Jesse A., who died October 26. 1879. W. A. PFOST was born in Jackson County, West Virginia, January 8, 1837, being the 3on of Abraham and Elizabeth (Reader) Pfost. He was the third in a family of ten children, and one brother, Henry Clay, is in Montrose. Mr. Pfost was married at the age of twenty-two on F'ebruary 17, 1859, to Miss Caroline Harrison, sister of Judge J. M. Harrison. In 1869 he came to Henry County and began to farm in Davis Township, where he now lives, having 160 acres of land, nicely situated and well improved. He has been dealing extensively in live stock, and usually feeds two or three car loads of beef cattle and aims to handle a superior grade of stock. More men like our subject is what has made Henry County take ks place among the first counties of the state in a comparatively short space of time. Having but a very little property when he came from Virginia a few years ago, he has managed to acquire a fair competency by industry and good management. Mr. Pfost is Democratic in politics, and himself and wife are members of the M. E. Church South. They have a family of eight children: Lewis William (who has married Miss Katie Mullin), Theodore Henry, Geneva, Charlie, Nancy E., Erastus, Maude and an infant. MILES PRICE was born in Warren County, Missouri, October 25, 1834. His father was Job Price, and his mother's maiden name was Sarah Bryant. The former was born in St. Charles County, in 18 12, and his parents were companions of Daniel Boone and were with Boone when he lived at the present site of Brunswick. His grandfather settled on Camp Branch, Warren County, where he died, and where the family have since resided. Miles is the eldest of eleven children, all of whom have been spared by death's hand. Four are living in this county: William C, Rhoda, (wife of J. F". Archer), and Frances (wife of William C. Langford). Miles resided in Warren County until of age, when he came to Henry County, and in B856 he entered a half section of land in Clinton Township. Remain- ing two years he returned to Warren County, and in 1861 entered Maj. Breckenridge's regiment, with which he served until it was disbanded at Little Rock. The regiment was afterward reorganized at Red River, by Cal. A. W. Slayback, and he was elected captain of Company E. In 13863, be was taken prisoner in Boone County, and after a confinement of tijree months in the Gratiot Street prison, he in company with six others made his escape, staying until the close of the war in Texas. In 1865 15I0GRAPHICAL. 74* he returned to Warren County, and for five years was engaged in t'he Texas cattle trade. Coming again to Henry County, he settled on a tract of land which his father had secured some time previous. In i8Si he removed to his present farm, which contains i6o acres. He has z. valuable tract of land and has erected recently a handsome dwelling., which presents a most imposing appearance, standing as it does, upon 2. commanding eminence. Mr. Price was married March i, 1876, to Miss Julia Calvird, a sister of W. B. Calvird. They have three children: Johc K., Edna and an infant. GEORGE F. ROCK, dealer in general merchandise at LaDue, was born in Quincy, Illinois, July 19, 185 1. His father, George Rock was an Italian by birth, and coming t© America when a young man, married and had a family of seven children, of whom none are living but George, who was the youngest. His mother dying when he was tour weeks old, he was taken by a family living in Belleville, where he was kept one year. Then he was adopted by a mats named Adam Gaupp, with whom he lived until twenty-three years ol age. In 1865 they came to Henry County and lived three miles soutk of Clinton. Since the age of twenty-three, Mr. Rock has been at work steadily. He worked for $15 per month as farm hand for several months;, and in 1876 went to Illinois, where he was running with a steam thresher one fall, and for several seasons he has been hunting during the winter time. In the summer time he has worked on a farm and hunted and shipped small game in winter. He also learned the carpenter's trade and worked for Woodruff & Fuqua, contractors until December, 188 1. He then entered the dry goods store of Dennis Kehoe, and when his business was closed, he carried on the business of T. P. Bolis for three months. In May, 1882, Mr. Rock began his present business at LaDue,, where he carries a stock of $1,200, and is enjoying a good trade. On June 14, 1882, he was married to Miss Julia P. Ramsey, daughter of Elijah Ramsey, of Clinton. She was born at Warsaw, Missouri. Decem- ber II, 1861. She is a member of the Baptist Church. In politics, Mr. Rock is a Democrat. He has the push and energy that characterizes a live go-ahead business man, and ere long will doubtless receive the pat- ronage that he deserves. LAFAYETTE M. ROUNTREE was born in Greene County, Missouri, April 18, 1840, his parents being J. M. and Martha J. (Miller) Rountree, the former originally from North Carolina and the latter from Tennessee. They were married in Mis- souri in 1830. He is still living in Greene County but she died in 1872. Of twelve children Lafavette is the fifth and the eldest now alive. He 742 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. , stayed on his father's farm until of age, and soon after entered the county service of the Missouri State Militia. He was in the battles of Springfield, Wilson Creek, etc., being for some time in the sanguinary guerilla warfare of Western Missouri. He entered the service as a pri- vate but soon rose to first duty sergeant and afterward to captain. He returned to Greene County and remained there until 1872, engaged in a store for two years, and was for some time deputy county clerk under his father, who was clerk. In 1872 he came to Henry County, and March 23, of the following year he married Mrs. Diana Armstrong, widow of William J. Armstrong, who died in 1869. Her maiden name was Diana Blevins and she is the sister of R. P. Blevins. She had four children left her at Mr. Armstrong's death : Luellen, Thomas J., Matilda A. and Robert J. Luellen married T. M. Long and died at the age of twenty- two. Only one child survives to grace the home of Mr. Rountree and wife, James Lestie. They have lost two: Oscar, a boy of two years, and an infant. In 1877 Mr. Rountree came to his present farm which contains 120 acres. He is handling some cattle, having at present about eighty head, and 100 hogs. Mrs. Rountree is a member of the Cumber- land Presbyterian Church. Mr. R. has been a Mason for several years. WILLIAM W. SALMON was born in Greenville District, South Carolina, March 6, 1832, and was a son of Ezekial J. and Narcissa R. (Merritt) Salmon, both natives of the same state. William was the fourth of six boys and three girls, five of whom are now living, three being in Henry County. In 1840 the family came to Missouri and settled at Versailles, Morgan County, where his mother died in 1845 and his father in 185 1. After receiving a fair education he was sent to Washington College, East Tennessee, where he remained two years. He then began to study law, and upon study- ing one year his health failed, and in company with his brother he went to California, and for two years was engaged in mining. Returning to Versailles, he was occupied in mercantile pursuits until the war put a stop to all business. In 1863 he removed to St. Louis, and until 1869 was interested in the wholesale trade. Coming to Henry County in 1869. he located at Montrose, where he lived two years, and then removed to the farm. In 1876 he went to his present place. He has a desirable tract of 160 acres in a high state of cultivation and affording good improvements. Mr. Salmon was married in Cooper County May 30, 1858, to Miss Ann G. Tutt, who was born in Rappahannock County, Vir- ginia, January 30, 1836, her parents being Gabriel and Jane (Gardner) Tutt. They have eight children: Edwin W. (in the collector's office at Clinton), Jennie W. (wife of F. S. Ware), Sallie G., James T., Rosa G., Carrie M., Anna T. and George W. Mrs. Salmon is a highly accom- BIOGRAPHICAL. 743 plished lady and is of a family prominent in Missouri affairs. Her father was one of the early settlers of Cooper County, and for many years was one of the most prominent physicians of that section of the state. He died about 185 1. One brother of Mrs. Salmon, Thomas E. Tutt, is presi- dent of the Third National Bank of St. Louis. One, D. G., is in one of the most extensive commission houses of that city, and one, Benjamin G., is a Baptist minister at Liberty, Missouri. CARL SHY was born in Hesse Cassel, near Maraberg, Germany, February 2, 1838, his parents being Ludwick and Margaret (Smith) Shy. He was the only child, and his mother died when he was three years old. In his fifteenth year he came to America in order to obviate the necessity of giving the seven years service requisite in the German army. His father's brother, Charles Shy, was living in Lincoln County, Missouri, and to him he made his way. He remained two years with his uncle, and they both started for California, and coming through Henry County visit Thomas Shipp, an old friend of his uncle, they began doing mason work, and concluded to remain here. Mr. Shy continued to work at his trade until 1859, when he secured a piece of land and commenced farm- ing. At the outbreak of the war he enlisted at Georgetown in the Seventh Missouri, and remained in the service for three years, taking part in the battles of Lone Jack, Booneville, etc. Toward the close of the war he served six months in Col. Weaver's company of militia. Returning to his farm on August 6, 1865, he was united, in matrimony with Miss Margaret A. Davis, and since then he has lived on the home place. This contains 480 acres of good land, 340 acres being in cultiva- tion. He handles from fifty to eighty head of cattle and keeps a good grade of Short Horns. He and his wife have eight children: Mattie, William, Nettie, Florence, Warren, Clarence, Roy, and an infant. Mr. and Mrs. Shy are members of the Christian Church, and in politics he is Republican. JOHN A. SISSON was born in Kanawha County, West Virginia, February 6, 1837. His father, James C. Sisson, was born December 25, 1820, in Kanawha County, where he was was married, in October, 1842, to Miss Esther Hultz, born May 28, 1824. They lived in Western Virginia until 1853, then moved to Missouri, and until 1859 resided in Johnson County. Coming to Henry County in that year they settled on Deepwater, where the family now live. Mr. Sisson's death occurred January 14, 1880, and since that time John has been the head of the family. The farm is pleasantly sit- uated on the south side of Deepwater, and contains 280 acres of 744 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. improved land, and is well supplied with stock, he feeding each year from fifty to lOO head of beef cattle. The family has numbered eleven children, viz: Adam D., (who died at ten years), Henry, (living in But-^ ler), Martha, Nancy, John, Benjamin, Johannah, Mary, William, Laura and Lee. John was married September 24, 1875, to Miss Dora Dooley, daughter of H. J. Dooley. She died February 13, 1878, leaving two children, Lena, a bright little girl of seven years, and Pearl, aged four. DR. CHARLES R. STEWART, physician and surgeon, at Marvin postof^ce, was born in Greenup County, Kentucky, December 18, 1830, and is the eldest of ten children, five of whom are living. His parents were Price' Stewart, a native Kentuckian, and Mariah Remmek, who was born in New York. She died in 185 1, in Lee County, Iowa, and he in 1867 in Sullivan County, Missouri. When Charles R. was nine years of age the family removed to Lee County, Iowa, where he received a good common school educa- tion, and where he began the study of medicine under an old physician at Keokuk, with whom he studied two years. At the age of twenty-one he removed to Sullivan County, Missouri, and was interested in farming- until 1858, where he resumed the study of his chosen profession with Dr. Williams, at Newton, Putnam County. In 1861 he commenced practicing at Middlebury, Mercer County, and in the fall of the same year enlisted in Company C, Twenty-third Missouri Volunteers, and was in active service in Missouri and Tennessee for one year. He par- ticipated in the battle of Shiloh, and there received a musket ball in the right thigh. Being placed on detached service he did hospital duty for the remainder of the war, receiving the appointment of assistant sur- geon. He resumed the practice of his profession in Grundy County,. Missouri, and has since been engaged therein. He has practiced in Johnson, Cass, Bates, Benton, St. Clair and Henry Counties. In June,. 188 1, he located at his present field of labor, and has a highly satisfac- tory practice. Dr. Stewart's wife was formerly Miss Mary E. Griffith, of Benton County, to whom he was married March 6, 1879. They have two children, Charles, William J. and Mary Ellen. Dr. Stewart has been a member of the Masonic fraternity for upwards of twenty years and holds his membership with the Montrose Lodge. SAMUEL VANSANT, was born in Madison County, Illinois, April 8, 1841, being the son of Abner B. and Susan Crist. The former died in 1856, and his mother has since married James Crabb, of Davis Township. Samuel was the eldest of a family of four brothers and two sisters, of whom Joel and BIOGRAPHICAL. 745 George live in Cedar County, William is in Sedalia and the two sisters, Mary Olive and Elizabeth, still live in Madison County, Illinois. Samuel grew to manhood on his father's farm, receiving like a majority of the boys of that day, a limited education, such as was afforded in the com- mon schools, and such as he acquired by unassisted efforts. On the i6th of October, 1862, he married Miss Elizabeth Voyles, who was born in the same county as himself, on July 11, 1842. In 1868 he emigrated to Mis- souri and bought a tract of eighty acres, where he now lives, camping upon it until he had erected a suitable living room. He now has 160 acres of land in cultivation, and well improved with a good house and barn. He has a twenty-six inch vein of coal near his residence, Irom which he has taken large quantities of the black diamonds. Mr. V. has been quite suc- cessful in raising wheat; one piece of twenty-five acres, making one hun- dred bushels per acre in four year. Mr. Vansant and wife are parents of an interesting family of eight children, all of whom are living and at home. They are George, Emma, Joel, James, Bertie, Thomas, Arthur and Mat- tie. Mr. VanS. is a good farmer, an estimable citizen and a staunch Democrat. His wife and daughter, Emma, are members of the Christian Church. HENRY C. VICKARS, Prominent among the pioneers of this township is Mr. Vickars, who settled in Henry County in 1852. After living one year near Stone Chapel he located on his present farm, buying eighty acres, upon which a small house had been built. He soon after entered more land until his farm contained 400 acres. It embraces 160 acres at present and is pleasantly located on the south side of Deepwater. For many years Mr. Vickars dealt extensively in stock, raising large numbers of cattle and mules, but of late years he has devoted his attention more directly to agricultural pursuits and is living comfortably on his farm in the com- panionship of his excellent wife. Mr. Vickars is the youngest of a family of seven and was born in Mason County, Kentucky, on the 15th of May, 1819. His parents, James and Mary (Watson) Vickars, were natives of Virginia, and when Henry was six years of age they returned to Vir- ginia and settled in Kanawha County, where he grew to manhood. He was married February 7, 1843, to Miss Elizabeth Ann Roberts, who was born in Kanawha County, September 18, 1821, her parents being James and Sarah (Halley) Roberts. They lived in West Virginia ten years after they were married and until coming to Missouri. They have three children: James H., real estate agent at Montrose; Edwin Lee, in Lincoln, Nebraska, and Rosa, (wife of Dr. Richard B. Fewel.) Mrs. Vickars is a member of the Baptist Church. In political opinions Mr. Vickars is Democratic. • 746 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. OSAGE TOWNSHIP. ALBERT H. CAMP, merchant at Brownington, and one of the enterprising men of the town, was born in Chautauqua County, New York, February 9, 1855, being the son of A. H. Camp, a native of the same state. His mother, whose maiden name was Julia Hopkins, was born in Connecticut. Albert H. was brought up in the county of his birth, passing his youth mostly at school. He worked one year in the hardware business at Warren, Penn- sylvania, and in the fall of 1877 came west, and after looking through Kansas and parts of Missouri he located at Brownington. Here he embarked in his present business, and he now carries a good stock of shelf and heavy hardware, and is enjoying a thriving patronage. Mr. Camp was married in Norwalk, Ohio, December 25, 1876, to Miss Mary Watrouf, a daughter of George A. Watrouf, and a native of Ohio. They have one son, Frank. Mr. C. and his wife are members of the M. E. Church. CAPTAIN J. L. CONSALUS, a native of Seneca County, New York, was born January 23, 1835, his parents, Joseph and Elizabeth Consalus, nee Hendricks, having also come originally from that state. The youth of J. L. was spent on a farm and in attending the public schools. He came west in 1857, and after traveling through Michigan and Wisconsin, located in Henry County, Missouri, the same year, being one of the early settlers in this vicinity. At the breaking out of the war in 1 861, he enlisted in Co. I, Twenty- ninth Missouri volunteer infantry, and when his company was organized he was elected captain. He served in that company eight months and participated in the charge at Haines' BlufT, where he was wounded in the head. This produced a deafness, unfitting him for the service and causing his discharge. In the fall of 1864 he re-enlisted in the Forty- fifth Missouri infantry and served till the close of the war, taking part in the fights at Jefferson City and Arkansas Post. After the war he returned to Henry County, and in the following year located on the farm which he now occupies. In 1867 he laid out the town of Consville, near Brown- ing's Ferry and erected a store building and engaged in merchandising, and was appointed postmaster of his town. In this capacity he served several years. After Celling goods about six years he disposed of his goods, and has since been occupied in farming and stock raising. He BIOGRAPHICAL. 74/ owns 146 acres of land, with fair buildings and improvements. Mr. Consalus was married in this county in the fall of 1871 to Miss Jane Walker, of Indiana, and a daughter of David S. Walker. They have a family of three children: Samuel L., Fanny and Hattie. Mr. C. is a member of the M. E. Church. ISAAC N. DENHAM, farmer and stock raiser, section 32, originally from Barren County, Ken- tucky, was born August 4, 1840. His father, Joseph M. De'nham, was also a Kentuckian by birth and grew to manhood there, subsequently being married to Mary A. Parks, of the same state. In 1844 the family moved to Missouri and located in Osage Township, this county. Isaac N. was reared here. He was married December 29, 1864, to Miss Melissa J. M. Garland, a daughter of R. C. Garland, one of the prominent farm- ers and stock men of Osage Township. She is a native of Benton County, but was brought up and educated in Henry County. After his marriage Mr. Denham moved upon his present valuable farm, where he has since resided. He has 169 acres, with about 130 fenced. In Novem- ber, 1865, he had the misfortune to lose an arm by the accidental dis- charge of his gun. He enlisted in the Confederate service in August, 1862, and served about one year and surrendered at Warsaw. He par- ticipated in the fight at Lone Jack and a number of skirmishes. After his surrender he was in the Union service in the Enrolled Missouri Militia. After the service he settled on a farm and has since devoted his time to farming and stock raising. Mr. and Mrs. Denham have a family of four children: Richard G., Mary F., Lula Alice and Cora Edna. They lost one child in infancy, William C. Himself and wife are mem- bers of the Baptist Church. B. B. EDWARDS owes his nativity to Casey County, Kentucky, where he was born November 16, 1825. His father. Judge William B. Edwards, also of Kentucky birth, grew to manhood in Cumberland County, and was mar- ried there to Mariah Bledsoe, of that state. He was one of the promi- nent farmers of his county, and held several local offices. He was elected and held the office of county judge for a number of years. B. B. moved to Missouri with his parents in 1843 and first located in Johnson County, coming in about two years, or in 1845, to Henry County, where they entered land and improved a farm, and where William B. Edwards died in April, 1S60, his wife departing this life a few da}'s later. Our subject passed his youth on a farm, and he enlisted and served eighteen months in the war with Mexico, receiving a land warrant for his services. 748 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ; He was married in Benton County, April 7, 1850, to Miss Minerva A. j Hunter, of Illinois, and a daughter of Henry Hunter, one of the early ] settlers of this township. In the spring of 1862, he enlisted in Com- , pany E, Seventh Missouri State Militia Cavalry, and when the regiment was organized he was elected second lieutenant, serving as such till dis- charged, in 1865- He participated in a number of important engage- ' ments, among which was the battle of Nashville, Tennessee, and the ' fight at Jefferson City, Missouri, where nine of his company were killed, j After the close of the war he return to this county and engaged in the ; mercantile business at Leesville, selling goods there for two years. Dis- ' posing of his interests in this direction he came to his present farm, j This embraces 340 acres ot land, upon which is a good, large dwelling and orchard. He makes a specialty of the stock business, and is one of ' the largest dealers in this township. Mr. and Mrs. Edwards have six children: William H., Coleman C, B. B., Jr., N. G., Emery P. and Fanny ; F. He and his wife are members of the M. E. Church. ' RICHARD GARLAND, a thrifty farmer and stock man of this township, was born in Green '■ County, Kentucky, January 10, 1827. His parents, Jesse and Elizabeth (Smith) Garland, were Virginians b)^ birth. Richard accompanied the ! family to Missouri in 1836 and settled in Benton County, being among I the early pioneers there. He grew up in that county upon the home | farm, and was married there December 31, 1846 to Miss Nancy E. Edwards. After his marriage Mr. Garland resided in Benton County, (where he had entered and improved a farm) until about 1857, when he 1 sold out and came to Henry County, purchasing a farm on Grand River, 1 upon which he lived until i860. Selling that place, he moved to Osage | Township. He now has three farms, one of 320 acres of cultivated land in Fairview Township; one of 160 acres in Osage Township, and another 200 acres improved. He also owns seventy-six acres of timber land in ' Benton County. He has a good residence property where he lives, in 1 Brownington, upon which is a comfortable dwelling. Mr. Garland , makes a specialty of feeding cattle, and is feeding at this time seventy ■ head; also handles some mules and horses. He and his wife have a fam- ily of six children: Rosena E., Mellissa J., Ellen, Emily, Mary R. and Alice. Mr. and Mrs. G. are members of the Baptist Church. CAPTAIN REUBEN GOOD, a pioneer settler of this township, is a native of Montgomery County, Ohio, and was born January 1 1, 1825. Adam Good, his father, originally of Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, went to Ohio when a young man and located ii^ BIOGRAPHICAL. 749 Montgomery County, of which he was an early settler. He served in the war of 18 12. He was married in Montgomery County to Miss Mar- garet Hillagus who was born in Pennsylvania. Reuben Good grew to manhood in the county of his birth, spending his youth on the farm. In 1848, he moved to Indiana and located in Fountain County, where he resided about seven years. In 1856, going to Illinois, he passed the sum- mer in Hancock County, and coming thence to Missouri in the fall of 1856, he settled in Henry County where he improved a farm. His farm contains 720 acres all in cultivation and pasture. A good orchard of 200 apple, about 150 chefr}' and some plum trees is on the place. Besides his home place Mr. Good has a farm of 175 acres and a timber tract of 160 acres, partly in Henry and partly in St. Clair Counties. He is one of the largest stock feeders in the township and feeds on an average 200 head of steers and about the same number of hogs yearly. He was mar- ried June 20, 1854, to Miss Susan Huber, a native of Ohio, and a daugh- ter of Elisha and Catharine Huber. They have a family of five child- ren: Margaret C. (wife of John Darby), Ellen A., Theodore, Agnes J. and Christina. Mr. G. enlisted in 1862 in the Enrolled Missouri Militia and served as captain. He also served for about two }'ears in the army. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. JOHN L. HARDEMAN, M. D., one of the leading members of the medical fraternity in this locality, was born in Saline County, Missouri, February 27, i8S5- His father. Dr. G. O. Hardeman, was a native of Howard County, and his mother, for- merly Permelia A. Townsend, of Cooper County, Missouri. John L. accompanied his parents to Franklin County in 1857 and located at Gray's Summit, vvhere his youth was spent in attending the public schools. There he received his primary education, and was also for one year a student at Pritchett's Institute, and the two following years at the State University. He began the study of medicine with his father, and attended lectures at the St. Louis Medical College, where he graduated March 8, 1878. After completing his course the doctor commenced tlje practice of his profession at Brownington the same year, remaining there about two months, when he moved to LaDue and practiced there one year. In April, 1879, he returned to Brownington, and since then has built up a large and increasing practice, and by constant study he keeps apace with the progress of the profession. Dr. Hardeman was married in Franklin County to Miss Lizzie Jeffries, a daughter of Dr. Charles Jeffries and a native of that county. They have one child, Elvira P., who was born August 2, 1880. Mrs. H. is a member of the M. E. Church South. 750 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. JUDGE JOSEPH HILLEGAS, a representative man of Osage Township, was born in Burks County, Pennsylvania, April ii, 1812. His parents, Michael and Ann (Yeagle) Hillegas, were natives of Pennsylvania. Joseph accompanied the family to Ohio in 1815, they locating in Montgomery County, and being among the pioneer settlers here. He passed his youth on a farm and in learn- ing the tanners' trade, and was married there June 8, 1837, to Miss Han- nah Reed, a daughter of John Reed and originally of Pennsylvania. She was reared and educated in Montgomery County, where she had moved with her parents when four years old. In 1842 Mr. Hilligas went to Miami County, but in about four years returned to Montgomery County. After remaining about three years he located in Allen County, where he resided about five years, moving from there to Illinois, and living two years in Hancock County. In the fall of 1856 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and entered and purchased some land and improved the farm where he now resides. He has 660 acres, with 280 fenced and in fair cultivation. He was appointed one of the county judges in 1865, and was afterward elected and served six years in succession in that capac- ity. Mr. and Mrs. Hillegas have raised a family of six children: Mar- garet A., (wife of Samuel Evans) Michael J., William H., Sarah C, (wife of John Walker) George A. and Martin L. The judge and his wife are members of the M. E. Church. SAMUEL L. KIRTLY, stock dealer at Brownington, came originally from Boone County, Ken- tucky, where he was born July 10, 1846, being the son of Elijah and Mary Kirtly, nee Sandfords, also Kentuckians by birth. Samuel accom- panied his parents to Boone County, Missouri, in 1856, but after living there two years they came to Henry County, where he grew to man- hood, his youth being spent on a farm. In March, 1864, he enlisted in the Forty-fifth Missouri Volunteer Infantry and served till discharged, July 5. 1865. He participated in the fights at Jefferson City, Nashville, Tennessee, and Frankfort. After his discharge he returned to his home, and was married here December 24, 1867, to Miss Sarah F. Brown, a daughter of John P. Brown and a native of the county. After this he was engaged in farming and trading in cattle for about thirteen years. He is now giving his attention to the handling and feeding of cattle and hogs, and handles on an average about twenty-five car loads of cattle and twenty car loads of hogs annually. He is at present in partnership with J. L. Peeler in the stock business, and these gentlemen are feeding at this time 105 head of steers and about 175 head of hogs. Mrs. Kirtly died in March, 1873, leaving three children: Sidney May, Laura J. and BIOGRAPHICAL. 75! Rosa Bird. Mr. K. was subsequently married October 8, 1876, to Mrs, Emma Wagnor, of this county. She has one son by her former mar- riage, Arna Wagnor. There are three children by this last marriage: Ura, Lock. H. and Jane H. Mr. Kirtly is identified with the Democratic party and has filled several local offices in this township, among others that of constable for four consecutive years. His wife is a member of the Christian Church. WILLIAM FRANK MARTIN, farmer and stock feeder, section 15, a native of McD'onough County, Illinois, was born February 26, 1852. William Martin, his father, was a Virginian by birth, and there grew to manhood and married Martha C. Kirk, of the same state. L^pon leaving Virginiahe went to Kentucky, where he resided for a number of years, moving thence to Illinois, and being one of the pioneers of McDonough County. In 1856 he came to Missouri and settled in Henry County, where he entered land and improved a farm. Frank grew to manhood here, enjoying fair opportunities for acquiring a common education. He was married in September, 1876, to Miss Julia Renfro, of this county and a daughter of John H. B. Renfro. They have two children: James C, born November 30, 1877, and Edna F., born December 3, 1880. Mr. Martin has 640 acres of land, of which about 340 are under fence and in cultivation and pasture, with fair build- ings and improvements, and a young bearing orchard. He makes a specialty of raising and feeding cattle and feeds on an annual average about three car loads of steers and 100 head of hogs. He went tec Texas in 1872 and was occupied four years in the stock business in that state. HENRY MERSCH, farmer and stock raiser, section 32, was born April 10, 1826, in Prussia- Herman William Mersch, his father, and also his mother, whose maiden was Katharine Kullarmier, were natives of that country. Henry spent his youth in the public schools, where he received a good education in the common branches, and he was married at his birthplace in 1855 to- Miss Elizabeth Sutmiller, a daughter of Conrad Sutmiller, of the same locality. Emigrating to the United States in the fall of 1856, Mr. Mersch settled in Warren County, Missouri, where he lived for about ten years. He removed thence to Henry County in the spring of 1867, and pur- chased a farm in Osage Township, where he now resides. He has 200 acres of improved land, upon which is a good new house and convenient out buildings, and an orchard of about lOO apple and a like number of peach trees. Mr. and Mrs. Mersch have nine children: William, Mary (wife of J. G. Scheer), Herman, Caroline C, Henry, Frederick, John, 7,32 HISTORY OF HENRY COUXTY. Elizabeth and Emma. He and his wife are members of the Lutheran Church. JOHN G. MOHRWEIS, a native of Wurtemberg, was born January 25, 185 1, and was the son of Peter Mohrweis. His mother's maiden name was Christena Wehrlin, and they were also originally from that locality. John G. passed his youth, up to sixteen years of age, at the public schools of his birthplace, where he received a fair education. Emigrating to the United States in 1867 he located in Greene County, Illinois, where he commenced learn- ing the blacksmith trade, working there under instructions about two years. In 1869 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and for a time lived on a farm with his uncle, John M. Mohrweis, who is now one of the sub- stantial farmers of this county, where he settled in 1865. After remain- ing in Henry County about five years, Mr. M. returned to Illinois and worked on a farm about two and a half years. In 1877 he went to Ore- gon and located at Salem, where he spent two years in a machine shop. While in the west he passed some time traveling through Oregon and California. He retraced his steps to Missouri in the winter of 1882. PROF. R. D. MOORE, a man of recognized ability as a teacher in this community, was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, November 22, 1848, being the son of Thomas T. Moore, a native of Maryland, who early moved to Kentucky with his parents, where he was married to Delilah Stout, also of that state. R. D. grew to manhood in his native county, his youth being spent on his father's farm, and he received his primary education at the public schools. He afterwards entered the preparatory course of one year at Augusta College, and the next year entered the freshman class at Georgetown, College, of which he was a student for two years. He was then compelled to give up farther study on account of ill health, being at that time in the sophomore class. In the spring of 1878 he came to Missouri and located at Brownington, Henry County, where he has since been engaged in teaching the Brownington school with marked success. Prof. Moore was married in this county in August, 1879. to Miss Arizona Hudnut, of Iowa, and a daughter of Henry and Catherine Hudnut, of Fairview Township. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. GILBERT F. NALL, • farmer and stock feeder, section 33, came originally from Hardin County, Kentucky, where he was born July ii, 183S. His parents, A. J. and Theodocia Nail, 7iee Berry, were also Kentuckians by birth, Gilbert F. BIOGRAPHICAL. 753 spent his younger days in his native county on a farm, receiving his primary education at the common schools. When nineteen years of age he com- menced teaching, which he continued for six years. He was married in Washington County, Kentucky, April 9, 1863, to Miss Amanda F. Wright, of that county, and a daughter of Nathaniel Wright. Mr. Wall was sub- sequently engaged in farming in Hardin County, until he came to Mis- souri, in 1876, and locating first in Benton County. In 1871 he removed to Henry County and bought land and settled on his present place. He has 220 acres, of which 165 acres are in cultivation. Since coming here, he has taught two winter terms of school, but has since devoted his time to the farm and the raising and feeding of stock. Mr. and Mrs. Nail have a family of three children: E. F. Nail, Bertie Mabel, and Grace. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. OVERTON PARK, also known as one of the pioneer settlers of Osage Township, was born in Madison County, Kentucky, November 14, 1822, and was the son of James and Polly (Benton) Park, also Kentuckians by birth. Overton moved to Indiana with his parents in 1826 or 1827, and located in John- son County, being among the first settlers there. He was reared a far- mer, and in 1841 he came to Missouri, making his home first in Benton County, where he entered land and improved a farm. He was married in that county July 19, 1844, to Miss Ellen Foster. In 1855, selling this property, he moved to Henry County and improved the place which he now occupies. This embraces 360 acres, all under fence and in cultiva- tion, with a good two story house, located in section 36. Mrs. Parks died in October, 1870, leaving a family of eleven children: James, David, Siegle, Chillion, Nancy (wife of R. Trigg), Purlina (wife of Reuben Brown), Emily (wife of John Bunch\ Samantha (wife of Joseph Bunch), Hannah (wife of John Newell), and Mary. Mr. Park was married the second time in the fall of 1861 to Mrs. Jane Holland, formerly the wife of John Holland. They have four children: George, Overton, Milo and Carrie A. Mr. P. served in the enrolled militia during the rebellion and was first lieutenant in Captain Good's company, and as such participated in a number of skirmishes. He and his wife are members of the Chris- tian Church. J. J. STEPHENS, M. D., a prominent physician and surgeon of Henry County, is a native of Cooper County, Missouri, having been born in Boonville March 15, 1842. His father, P. D. Stephens, was a Virginian by birth, but moved with his parents to Missouri in about 1820, and located in Cooper County, of which they were among the earliest settlers. P. D. Stephens was mar- 754 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ried there to Miss Sarah Mitchell Howard. He was the first sheriff of Cooper County, serving two terms, and he was afterward engaged in merchandising at Boonville for a number of years. He subsequently went to Moniteau County, where he died in July, 1879. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in Cooper and Moniteau Counties, his youth being spent at school and in his father's store. He received his education at high schools and Rose Hill Seminary. He commenced the study of medicine in 1871 at Leesville, under Dr. J. P. Trullinger, a pio- neer physician of the county, and after attending lectures in the Mis- souri Medical College in St. Louis, graduated in the spring of 1877. Upon completing his studies the doctor began the practice of his pro- fession at Quincy, Missouri, where he remained three years, coming thence to Brownington in the fall of 188 1. Here he has a large and increasing practice, and is one of the best read and most successful phy- sicians of this vicinity, and is a close student even now. In January, 1882, he engaged in the drug business, and at this time carries a large stock of drugs and chemicals. Dr. Stephens was married at Tipton, Missouri, February 8, 1866, to Miss Lizzie J. Smith, a daughter of James T. Smith, and originally of Louisville, Kentucky. They have a family of six children: James Phillip, John Morse, Maria Laura, Joseph J., Minnie A. and Presley. Mrs. Stephens is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, and the doctor belongs to the Masonic fraternity. M. B. TAYLOR, M. D., was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, December 28, 1832, and was the son of Matthew and Mary (Baker) Taylor, also natives of that county. Our subject was reared in his native county on a farm, and in 1855 he went to Illinois and located in Coles County, engaged in the drug busi- ness at Mattoon for about one year. Shortly after settling in Illinois he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. T. B. Dora, one of the prominent physicians of Coles County. In the winter of 1856-7 he attended lectures at Cincinnati and graduated in January, 1858. After finishing his studies at college the doctor embarked in the practice of his profession in Moultrie County, Illinois, where he continued for about twelve years. Moving to Missouri in June, 1870, he located in Brown- ington, Henry County, and here has built up a fine practice and is recog- nized as one of the most successful physicians in the county. He was married in Moultrie County, Illinois, December 6, 1859, to Miss Mary E. Ellington, of that county, and a daughter of Daniel and Harriet Elling- ton. She died December 6, 1865, leaving two children, Laura B., now Mrs. C. W. Mercer, and Mattie E. The doctor was again married in Moultrie County, November 28, 1867, to Miss Mary F. Wilkerson, of Cal- laway County, Missouri, and a daughter of Moses Wilkerson. They BIOGRAPHICAL. 755,, have three children: Adda E., Lena L. and Ch'fford D. Dr. T. is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. He belongs to the Christian Church, as does also his wife. CHRISTIAN WIRTH, an enterprising mechanic of Brownington, owes his nativity to Prussia, where he was born July 2, 1845, being the son of Philip and Lizzie (Liasor) Wirth, also natives of that country. Christian was brought by his parents to the United States when an infant (in the winter of 1845), and settled in St. Clair County, Illinois, where he grew to man- hood, his youth being spent on a farm and at the public schools, where he received a fair common education. When seventeen years old he- commenced learning the wagon makers trade, and worked under instructions three years. Going to Waterloo, Monroe County, he worked a short time there, and also at different towns in the county and state about three years. In the spring of 1869 he came to Missouri and located in Clinton, Henry County, following his trade one year. He removed to Brownington in 1870 and has since carried on a shop at this place. Mr. Wirth has built up a good business and has established a reputation for industrious and fair dealing, exceeded by few. He was married in Illinois to Miss Mary Dietz, of that state, and a daughter or Adam Dietz, who came originally from Germany, Mr. and Mrs. W. have six children: George, Edward, Louisa, Ellen, Charles and Julia. ==^T^^^=^ i( ^5^:-^-^ FAIRVIEW TOWNSHIP. SETH A. CALDWELL, farmer and stock feeder, section 31, is a native of Franklin County, Mis- souri, and was born July 10, 1838. John Caldwell, his lather, was born in Kentucky in 1796, and in 1805 moved to Missouri with his parents, who were one of the first families settling in Franklin County. There he grew to manhood and married Mary Ann Stockton, also a Kentuckian by birth. He resided in Franklin County till his death, which occurred in 1862. The subject of this sketch passed his youth on a farm, having but very limited opportunities for schooling. He has, however, obtained a good education in the common English branches, almost entirely by 756 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. self culture, and he has taught in the public schools for a number of years. He was married in Franklin County, October 15, 1863, to Miss Paulina E. Campbell, of that locality, and a daughter of Harvey Camp- bell. Mr. Caldwell resided in Franklin County until February, 1878, when he came to Henry County and located in Fairview Township on the farm where he now resides. He has 240 acres of land, improved with a comfortable house and a young bearing orchard of 125 apple, about 1 50 peach and forty cherr}^ trees. During the past year about sixty- five acres of his farm, which were planted to corn, yielding forty bushels per acre. He is also engaged in feeding and trading in stock, and usu- ally feeds about one car load of steers and fifty hogs annually. He entered the Confederate service in the fall of 1864, in the Fourth Mis- souri cavalry, under Col. Burbridge, and served till the close of the vvar, participating in a number of engagements. After the close of the war he returned to his family. Mr. and Mrs. Caldwell have a family of five children: Robert E., Eugene S., Edgar V., Cynthia C. and John Harvey. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. J. C. CALLAWAY, farmer and stock raiser, section 22, was born in Edgar County, Illinois, August 25, 1831. Elijah Callaway, his father, was a native of Virginia, where he grew to manhood and married Elizabeth Peck, also of that state. He moved to Illinois in 1830, and was one of the pioneer settlers of Edgar County, where he died in the spring of 1832. J. C. Callaway grew to manhood in that county, his youth being spent upon the farm. He was married in Coles County, December 5, 1853, to Miss Harriet Ferguson, a Virginian by birth, and a daughter of Samuel Ferguson. He subsequently located in Coles County, where he lived until 1866, then sold out and came to Missouri, purchasing land and settling on a farm in Henry County, where he now resides. He has 210 acres, 200 under fence with fair improvements, upon which is a fine orchard of 300 apple and 300 peach and lOO cherry trees. He makes a specialty of raising corn and had the past year 155 acres, which yielded forty bushels per acre. Mr. and Mrs. Callaway have a family of eleven children: Cerilda, (now Mrs. Thomas Manbeck, of St. Clair Count}'), George W., Harriet, (wife of Oscar Roberts), Jerry M., Albert L., Katie, Sarah E., Minnie E., William H., Derinda and Myrtle Belle. Mr. C. is a member of the Bap- tist Church. DAVID A. CLARK, originally from Johnson Count)-, Missouri, was born February 14, 1835. His father, Andrew Clark, was a native of Kentucky, where he grew to manhood and married Miss Hannah Owsley, of the same state. He BIOGRAPHICAL. 757 removed to Missouri in 1834 '^"d located first in Johnson County, of which he was one of the pioneers, coming thence to Henry County in 1837. He then settled near Clinton. David grew up here on a farm and while young learned the blacksmiths' trade. He was married July 18, 1859, to Miss Sarah A. Comer, a daughter of Mark Comer. She is a Tennesseean by birth but was reared and educated in Cooper County. They have four children: Andrew A., James H., Georgia and John W. After his marriage Mr. Clark resided on a farm north of Clinton until the spring of 1882, when he sold it and purchased the place in Fairview Township which he now occupies. He has ninety acres of valuable land with eighty acres in cultivation and a young bearing orchard of 14Q apple and some peach trees. Mr. C. and his wife are members of the Methodist Church. GEORGE H. CROMER, farmer, section 30, was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Sep- tember 16, 1834, being the son of John Cromer, also a native of Pennsyl- vania, who was born in 1812. His mother, formerly Elizabeth Fink, came originally from the same state. John Cromer moved with his family from Lancaster to Adams County in 1841, where they lived about thir- teen years^ going thence to Darke County, Ohio, in 1854. George H. passed his youth on a farm and received a common school education. He was married in Darke County, November 25, 1856, to Miss Ellen Hufnagle, of Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Benja- min and Elizabeth Hufnagle. She moved to Ohio with her parents when about three years old, they settling in Darke County, where she was reared and educated. He was engaged in farming after this nine years, and in the fall of 1865 he came to Missouri, locating in Henry County. He moved on the farm where he now resides in 1870, having 160 acres^ all fenced and in cultivation and pasture. His new residence is a neat and substantial one, and his yard is tastily ornamented. Mr. Cromer is one of the thrifty farmers of this township. He and his wife have four children: William D., James H., and Ettie Jane and Nettie Belle, twins. Mr. and Mrs. C. are members of the Presbyterian Church. ALBERT DUNNING, farmer and stock dealer, owes his nativity to Trego County, Kentucky,, where he was born January 13, 1838. His father, S. Dunning, and also his mother, whose maiden name was Ada Morris, were Virginians by birth. Albert moved with his parents to Missouri in 1839 and located in Henry County, being among the early pioneers here. He spent his youth on the farm and grew to manhood in the county, coming to his- present location in 1874. He has 560 acres of land, with 520 under fence 758 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. and in cultiv^ation and pasture. He is quite extensively engaged in handling and feeding cattle and hogs, and the past season fed two car loads of steers and eighty-five head of stock cattle. Mr. Dunning was married in this county October lO, 1881, to Miss Ella M. Fudge, a native of Coles County, Illinois, and a daughter of Adam T. Fudge. There is one child by this marriage, Martha Belle, who was born March 17, 1882. Mr. D. is a member of the Browington Missionary Baptist Church. He served four years in the Confederate army during the war, having enlisted in the fall of 1861 in Colonel Lewis' Sixteenth Missouri Infantry. He participated in the fights of Carthage, Springfield, Lone Jack and Helena (Arkansas), where he received a wound in the cheek, and several other engagements. JOHN E. GANO, farmer and stock feeder, section 14, is a Virginian by birth and was born August 9, 1835, being the son of John S. and Mary (Hartsook) Gano, also natives of Virginia. The former moved to Illinois in 1841, and located in Greene County, where he entered and improved a farm. John passed his youth in that county on a farm, and in attending the common schools, where he received a fair education in the common English branches. He was married March 18, 1868, to Miss Isabella Long, a daughter of Edward and Priscilla Long, and a native of Greene County^ she having been reared and educated there. After this event Mr. Gano lived for two years in Greene County, and in the spring of 1870 he came to Missouri and located in Henry County, near Brownington, where he bought land upon which he resided eleven years. Selling that property he, in March, 1882, purchased the farm which he now occupies, consist- ing of 455 acres with nearly 400 acres under fence. Mr. Gano is an •industrious and thorough farmer and a man of good business qualifica- tions. He makes a specialty of feeding and handling stock and is now feeding fifty-five head of steers and 100 hogs. He gives considerable attention to corn raising, the past season having 270 acres, which yielded on an average forty bushels to the acre. THOMAS HAMILTON, farmer and stock raiser, sections 22 and 23, a native of Monogalia County, West Virginia, was born July 24, 1824. Stephen Hamilton, his father, was born in Virginia, and his mother, formerly Nancy Mackabee, was originally from Maryland. Thomas Hamilton moved to Indiana with his parents in 1830 and located in Delaware County, they being among the first families settling in that county, and grew to manhood in that county. He passed nis youth there upon a farm, and in 1848 came w-est to Illinois, locating first in Jersey County, where he farmed three BIOGRAPHICAL. • 759 years, then removing to Coles County. Here he entered land, and after living upon it four years he sold out, and in 1857 came to Henry County, Missouri, entering and improving the farm where he now resides. He has a fine body of land of 320 acres, upon which is a large two-story resi- dence, one of the best in the township. Mr. Hamilton was married in this county in September, 1858, to Miss Ann Elizabeth Paterson, a native of Indiana, and a daughter of Samuel Patterson. They have five chil- dren: Henry E., Silas S., Charles D., U. S. Grant and Venora S. Mr. and Mrs. H. are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. JAMES M. HORNER, farmer and stock trader, section 20, was born in Darke County, Ohio, September 8, 1840, being the son of Alexander Horner, a native of Adams County, Pennsylvania, who married Margaret McGorgon. of Maryland. The former was a soldier in the war of 18 12, and at one time served as deputy sheriff of the county of his birth. He moved to Ohio in 1833 and settled in Darke County, of which he was a pioneer. He filled numerous local offices there, and was treasurer of his township for twenty years in succession. He died in the spring of 1870. James M. Horner grew to manhood in his native county, his youth being spent on a farm and at the common schools. When eighteen years of age he com- menced learning the blacksmith's trade, and worked two years as an apprentice. He was married December 27, i860, to Miss Jane H. Cromer, a daughter of John Cromer. She was born in Pennsylvania, but was principally educated in Ohio. In February, 1864, Mr. H. enlisted in the Eighth Ohio Cavalry, under Colonel Gilbert, and served till discharged in August, 1865. He participated in the Lynchburg raid, the fight at Winchester and Cedar Creek, and on the night of January ii, 1865, he was taken prisoner at Beverly, and was held in Libby Prison for three months, and exchanged. After his discharge he returned to his home, and in the fall of 1865 removed to Missouri. The following spring he purchased and moved on his present place. He owns 137 acres, of which 100 acres are in cultivation and pasture, and well improved. His orchard contains 200 bearing apple, lOO peach and fifty cherry trees, etc; He makes a specialty of dealing in stock, and is one of the most successful farmers and stock men of this township. Mr. and Mrs. Horner have seven children: John A., Ettie May, Thomas Frank, James E., Claud Orville, and Anna V. and Glen Roy, twins. He is a member of the United Workmen and of the Grand Army of the Republic. Politically he is a Republican. HENRY HUDNUT, farmer and stock raiser, section 15, a thrifty and prominent farmer of Fairview Township, is a native of Wayne County, Ohio, having been 760 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. born there May 22, 1S32. His parents were David B. and Rebecca (Skamp) Hudnut, both originally from New Jersey. Colonel Skamp, grandfather of Rebecca Skamp, served under General Washington through the revolutionary war. D. H. Hudnut moved to Ohio in an early day and was one of the pioneer settlers of Wayne County. They sub- sequently went to St. Joseph County, Indiana, where the subject of this sketch was reared on a farm, receiving a fair education in the common English branches. In 1853 he located in Johnson County, Iowa, bought land and improved a farm, and was married there November 26, 1857, tO' Miss Elizabeth C. Posey, of Montgomery County, Indiana, and a daughter of Benjamin and Orpha Posey. Mrs. Hudnut moved to Iowa when a child, and was educated in Johnson County. After his marriage Mr. H. resided in that county for ten years, engaged in farming, and in 1867 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and bought a partially improved farm and settled where he now resides. He has 193 acres of land, mostly in cultivation and pasture, his fine orchard of 400 trees consisting of apple, peach, cherry and pear trees. There is a good house on the place located about twenty rods from the public road. Mr. and Mrs. Hudunt have six children: Arizona (now Mrs. Reuben Moore), William H., Lydia D., Maggie A., Wade W. and Hale. Himself, wife and three daughters are members of the Missionary Baptist Church at Brown- ington. H. C. KERR, farmer, section 20, owes his nativity to Adams County, Pennsylvania, where he was born November 18, 1824. Josiah Kerr, his father, was also born in that county, October 27, 1784, and was married there to Mary Campbell of the same county, born September 3, 1785. In the fall of 1828, the family moved to Ohio, and settled in Darke County, being among the first in that locality. Here the doctor was engaged in farming until his death, August 20, 1873. His wife had preceded him, she having died January 12, 1836. H. C. Kerr divided his youth between working on the home farm and attending during the winter months the comrnon schools. He was married February 5, 1857, to Miss Anna Mary Cromer, a native of Adams County, and a daughter of John Cromer. He subsequently took up his location on a farm in Darke County, Ohio, where he resided until moving to Missouri in the winter of 1879, when he settled in Henry County. Then he purchased the place which he now occupies. He has 280 acres all in cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Kerr have a family of five children: William J., James A., Josiah C.^ Izora J., and John H. C. Mr. K. and his wife are members of the Pres- byterian Church. BIOGRAPHICAL. 761 STEPHEN J. LOYD, farmer and stock feeder, section 11, was born in Washington County, Virginia, near Abingdon, February 17, 1839. His father, Thomas Loyd, was born in Russell County, Virginia, August 10, 181 1, but grew to man- hood in Washington County, where he married Fanny Ellington, also of Russell County. The family moved to Illinois in 1850 and located in Coles County, where they resided about fifteen years. In the fall of 1865 they came to Henry County, Missouri, and bought the farm where they now reside. Thomas Loyd lost his wife, who died while on a visit to Illinois in 1869, leaving two children, William C. and Stephen. The sub- ject of this sketch was reared in Coles County on a farm, and by attend- ing the common schools he received a fair education. He was married in that county in January, 1857, to Miss Sarah E. Hendricks, a daughter of Eureka Hendricks. She died in Illinois in 1859. He was again mar- ried in July, 1863, to Miss Nancy Ellington, and she also died, in Henry County, in 1866, leaving one child, William H. Mr. Loyd was married to his present wife, Mrs. Sarah Ellington, July [7, 1873. She was a daugh- ter of Jacob Pifer and is a native of Coles County, Illinois. Mrs. Loyd has three children by her former marriage: Sarah (now Mrs. John A. Wolf), Ida (wife of O. M. Potts), and George Ellington. By the last marriage there are four children: Stephen D., Wesley E. Martha A. and and Claud. Mr. L. and his father have 380 acres of land, with 220 under fence, upon which are fair buildings and other improvements. He is a man of good business qualifications, and has filled numerous local offices in his township. He is a member of the Masonic order. He belongs to the Christian Church and his wife is connected with the Missionary Bap- tists. WILLIAM McKEE, farmer and stock raiser, section 10, a native of Scotland, was born May 13, 1S22, being the son of John and Jane (Steele) McKee, also of that country. William emigrated to the United States with an uncle in 1834, and settled in Hampden County, Massachusetts, where he passed his youthful days on a farm, receiving a common school education. When sixteen years of age he commenced learning the horse farrier business at which he worked for about ten years. Going to Michigan in 1855, he was married in New Buffalo duriijg Christmas week of that year to Miss Martha Blair, of Hampden County, Massachusetts, and a daughter of Samuel Blair, one of the prominent men of that locality. Mrs. McKee was a lady of rare culture and attainments and was a teacher for a num- ber of years previous to her marriage. The following spring Mr. McK. moved to Wisconsin and after living one year in Milwaukee County, in the spring of 1S57 he went to Illinois and located near Joliet, where he 762 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. planted a crop. He soon sold out, and upon coming to Missouri the same year, settled in Henry County, bought land and began the culti- vation of the farm where he now resides. This contains 365 acres, of which 320 acres are fenced; twenty acres are devoted to tame meadow ' and there are about fifty-five acres of good timber, and plenty of living | water for stock. His house is a large, two-story structure, and his orchard consists of 100 bearing apple trees of select varieties. Mrs. McKee died February 29, 1880, and Mr. McK. was subsequently married in this county to Miss Charlotte Fisher, a daughter of James Fisher. They have one son, Lewis B., born December 28, 1881. Mrs. McKee is | a member of the Presbyterian Church. | JAMES F. FLECKER, farmer and stock dealer, section 28, a native of Augusta County, Vir- | ginia, was born August 29, 1843. His parents, John W. and Ann Eliza (Crawn) Flecker, were also born in the same county. James F. grew up there as a farmer's boy and enlisted in the Confederate army in March, 1862, serving three years in the Tenth Virginia cavalry. He partici- pated in numerous important engagements, among which were the bat- ] ties of Williamsport, the fights at Richmond and Fredericksburg and all 1 of the encounters around Richmond, and tvvo raids into Maryland and Pennsylvania, where they captured a large number of horses and cattle. Mr. Flecker came to Missouri with his parents in 1866 and settled in Henry County. He first bought only forty acres of land, but as his cir- cumstances would permit, he added to his original purchase until he now has 933 acres in cultivation and pasture, with the exception of about fifty acres of timber. He had planted in corn the past season 225 acres, which yielded about forty bushels to the acre. He makes a busi- ness of trading and feeding stock, and is one of the most successful stock men in this township. He has over 200 head of cattle, and is 1 feeding about fifty head of steers and seventy hogs. Mr. Flecker was ] married in the spring of 1874 to Miss Sarah Dodd, who died in about | five weeks thereafter. He was again married September 7, 1876, to Miss Millie Whiteford, a native of Illinois, and a daughter of George W. Whitford. They have three children: Ida Belle, Ettie May and Roberta Mendora. Mrs. P. is a member of the Christian Church. WILLIAM RUSK was born in Morgan County, Ohio, January 10, 1834. Humphrey Rusk, his father was a native of Belmont County, Ohio, while his mother whose maiden name was Margaret McDonald, was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania. William spent his early youth on a farm, and upon mov- DIOGRAPHICAL. 763 ing to Illinois with his parents in 1855, located in DeWitt County, where he grew up. He was married there, September 19, 1862. to Miss Rebecca Ann Farhner, of Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Jacob Farh- ner. Mr. Rusk, after his marriage farmed in DeWitt County for four years and in the fall of 1866, he went to Iowa, and settling in Linn County. After two years he came to Henry County, Missouri, in the fall of 1868, and bought land and improved the farm which he now occupies. He has 160 acres in a fair state of cultivation, and upon it is a good apple and peach orchard. He is devoting considerable attention to the cultivation of broom corn, and had raised the past year fifty acres of this product which averaged 500 pounds of brush to the acre. Mrs. Rusk died November i, 1872, leaving five children. The oldest, Jacob H. met with a runaway accident which caused his death at the age of twelve years. He died May 15, 1873. Horatio S., Lizzie M., James M., and Otha P. Mr. Rusk was afterwards married in Champaign County, Illinois, April 13, 1878, to Mrs. Mary S. Swayze, a daughter of Samuel Harnit. She is a native of Beaver County, Pennsylvania, and was reared and educated there and in Ohio. She is a lady of culture, and was a teacher for two years previous to her marriage with James Swayze, Mr. Swayze was originally of Ohio, but resided in Illinois at the time of his death, which occurred August 18, 1871. They had two children : Ira T. and James M. Swayze, Mr. and Mrs. Rusk have one son by their mar- riage, Willie H. C. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. R. is an Odd Fellow. ISAAC N. STRAW, farmer and stock raiser, section 32, v,^as born in Wyandot County, Ohio, October 27, 1836. Jason Straw, his father, who was a native of Vermont, went to Ohio when a young man, and settled in Wyandot County, of which he was an early settler. He was married in DeKalb County, Indiana, June 6, 1857, to Miss Ann Eliza Shock, a native of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, and a daughter of Peter Shock. There are ten children by this marriage Sarah E., (now Mrs. Homer Davis), Caroline, Charles E., Viola, Orin A., Milton O., Amanda, Homer A., Henry F. and Her- man. Mr. Straw moved to Missouri in 1869, and located on the farm where he now resides. He has 160 acres of good land, all in cultivation with improvements. His orchard contains 175 apple and 400 peach trees, about 200 of which are fine budded, and lOO cherry trees, with some smaller fruits. He enlisted in 1864 in the one hundred day service, in Com- pany C, I52d Ohio National Guards, and was a drummer of his company; and after serving his time he was discharged in the fall of 1864. Mr. Straw takes more than an ordinary interest in educational matters as indicated by his being elected and serving as a member of the school board for nine years in succession. 764 HISTORY OF HENR\ COUNTY. WILLIAM O. TROUT, farmer, section 32, owes his nativity to Warren County, Missouri, where he was born June 6, 1848. His father, William M. Trout, a native of Trimble County, Kentucky, was born on the i8th of May, 18 12, his parents having been Virginians by birth. He was married in the county of his birth to Miss Frances B. Duncan, also ot Kentucky. There is one son by this marriage, D. B. Trout, who resides in Ohio County, Ken- tuck\'. This wife died in Warren County, Missouri, July 12, 1841. Mr. T. was married the second time in Warren County July 12, 1844, to Harriet M. Pringle, of Connecticut. They had six children, only two of whom are living, William O. and Mary C, now Mrs. R. H. Britell, of Whiteside County, Illinois. William M. Trout moved from Kentucky to Missouri in 1841, and settled in Warren County, afterward living in St. Charles and Lincoln Counties until 1865, when he went to Illinois. He was located in Macoupin County until returning to Missouri in 1880. William O. spent his youth on a farm, and attended the common schools, where he received his primary education, supplemented with a term's attendance at the Carbondale College, in Southern Illinois. After com- pleting his studies he was occupied in teaching for two winter terms in Illinois. He was married in Whiteside County December 24, 1879, to Miss Dilla H. Morton, a native of Missouri, but who was reared and educated in Illinois. They have one child, Jessie A. Mr. T. came upon his present farm in March, 1881. He has 240 acres, all fenced, with 160 acres in cultivation, and eighty acres in pasture. He had the misfor- tune to lose a lower limb by an accident in 1868, while working with a threshing machine. The wounded member was amputated below the knee. 1 BEAR CREEK TOWNSHIP. 1 5Sir^s=®=?r2£3^®^ NICHOLAS ERHART was born in Bavaria, Germany, July 19, 183 1, and was the son of George and Susana Erhart, //t'f Schreffer, also natives of Bavaria. Nicholas emi- grated to the United States in 1844, and while on the way to Missouri his mother died in Pennsylvania. He spent his youth on a farm and was educated in his native country. He served in the Mexican war six months, and after his discharge was engaged in freighting to Santa Fe BIOGRAPHICAL. 765 for three years. In i(S52 he crossed the plains to California and remained two years. In the early part of 1855 he returned to Missouri and located land in Henry County with a warrant received for his service in the Mexican war. He now owns 1,300 acres. Mr. Erhart was married in this county in the summer of 1855 to Miss Melvina Coffelt, a Kentuckian by birth and a daughter of Philip Coffelt. They have four children: Melvina V. (now Mrs. C. Detro), Georgian G., Ida Belle and Nellie. Mrs. Erhart is a member of the M. E. Church. Mr. E. served one year in the Missouri State Militia and participated in the battle of Lone Jack. He is one of the largest stock feeders and dealers in his township. FRANK M. FLEMING, farmer, sections 28 and 29, is a prominent citizen of Henry County, and was born in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, May 15, 1845, his parents being John and Mary E. Fleming, natives of the same count}'. The former was born in October, 1824, and died in 1857, aged thirty-three years. F. M. Fleming was reared in his native county on the farm. He enlisted in 1861, in Company C, 123d Pennsj-lvania Volunteer Infantry, and after serving three years re-enlisted in the same regiment, with which he remained till discharged in July, 1865. His regiment went out with loio men, and at the close of the service only seventy-two of the original members were alive. He participated in the battles of Wil- liamsburg, Bottoms' Bridge, White Oak, Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, Har- rison's Landing, Newbern, and others. After his discharge, Mr. Flem- ing came west to Illinois and was engaged in farming in Henry County for four years. In 1869, returning to Pennsylvania, he was married in Westmoreland County on December 2, of that year, to Miss Susan E. Yokey, of that county, born February 20, 1847, and a daughter of S. P. Yokey. In May of the preceding year, Mr. F. came to Missouri, and located in the northern part of Henry County, where he purchased land and improved a farm of 240 acres. He farmed there for ten years, and in January, 1880, he moved to Bear Creek Township, and improved his present farm. He owns 1341 acres. Underlying this place is a vein of coal of a superior quality, which varies in thickness from two to three feet. Two fair residences are on his place and two good orchards. Mr. Fleming has a family of five children: Lulu May, Albert P., Embree E., Ettie E. and Carrie A. He and his wife are members of the Cumber- land Presbyterian Church. JONATHAN FOGELSONG farmer and stock raiser, section 17, is a native of Jackson County, Vir- ginia, and was born September 27, 1831. His parents, John and Mary (Fox) Fogelsong, came originally from the same county. The former 766 HISTORY OF HEXRY COUNTY. was a soldier of 1812. The subject of this sketch was reared upon a farm in the county of his birth, and in 1854 he came west, and settled in Bates County, Missouri, where he lived eleven years. In 1865 he moved to Henry County. He was married in Cooper County, October 17, 1866, to Miss Martha E. Cordery, of Buchanan County, Missouri, and a daughter of G. R. Cordery. In the spring of 187 1 he settled on his present place. He has 195 acres of land, well improved and adorned with a good bearing orchard of 120 apple trees of select varieties. He makes a specialty of feeding and raising stock for which his farm is well adapted. Mr. and Mrs. F. have one child, Cordelia j. He and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. CHARLES E. FOWLER, farmer and stock raiser, section 22, was born in Oldham County, Kentucky, February 15, 1855. Thomas C. Fowler, his father, was born in Brattleboro. Vermont. In early life he went on a vessel as a sailor and followed the seas for a number of years and then settled in Kentucky, where he was married to Miss Hattie McFadden, a native of that state. Subse- quently he engaged in the mercantile business in Kentucky, where he resided until 1856, and upon moving to Missouri he located first in Car- roll County, After living there nine years he went to St. Charles County, and here he was appointed railroad agent at Foristel, which position he occupied till his death, which occurried January 25, 1869. C. E. Fowler spent his youth until sixteen years old on a farm and attending the public school. In the spring of 1871 he commenced rail- roading, and was on the road as brakeman and fireman for about seven years. After leaving the business in 1878 he resumed farming in St. Clair County one year. He came to his present farm, which contains over 200 acres, in the spring of 1879. He is numbered among the thrifty farmers of this township. Mr. Fowler was married in this county Feb- ruary 10, 1880, to Miss Frances Williamson, a native of Missouri, and a daughter of John W. Williamson. They have one son, Winfield Scott, who was born March 13, 1882. Mrs. Fowler is a member of the M. E. Church, South. Jx-\MES W. GILBERT, farmer and stock raiser, section 18, was born in Cooper County, Mis- souri, August 31, 1839, ^^""^ ^vas the son of Benjamin Gilbert, a native of Virginia, who early moved to Kentucky, where he grew to manhood. He came to Missouri in about the year 1830, and settled in Cooper County. Locating at Boonville, he was occupied in working at his trade of cabinet making. He was married in that county to Miss Mary A. Neal, a Kentuckiaii by birth. James W. was an only child. He passed BIOGRAPHICAL. 767 his youth on a farm until sixteen years of age, when he moved to Henry County, and in the fall of 1861, he enlisted in the Confederate service in Price's cavalry, and participated in the battle of Lexington. In the spring of 1862 he was engaged as a teamster, and drove through to New Mexico, returning late the same year. The following winter he visited Denver. Early in 1863 he went to St. Louis and farmed near the city during the summer, and in 1863 he worked in Washington City at the carpenter's trade. In the summer of 1864 he followed carpentering in Leavenworth and Fort Smith in the quartermaster's department, and in the fall of the same year worked in Wyandotte. In the spring of 1865 he went to Julesburg, Colorado, and in February of 1866 returned to Missouri and took up his residence at Osceola, being employed in a wagon and repair shop for the summer. In the fall of 1866 he moved to Stockton, Cedar County, and lived there till the spring of 1867, thence to Clinton, Henry County. Mr. Gilbert was married in the fall ot 1868 to Miss Julia Atwood, of New York. In the spring of 1869 he moved to St. Clair County, bought a farm and devoted his time to agricultural pursuits for four years. In 1873 he came back to Henry County where he purchased a farm, where he now resides, containing 200 acres, all in pasture and cultivation. Underlying about forty acres of this place is a good vein of coal, about twenty-four inches thick. Mr. Gilbert and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. He belongs _ to the Masonic order. GEORGE W. GUTRIDGE, a native of Henry County, Missouri, was born December 25, 1846, and was the son of George Gutridge, who was born in Licking County, Ohio, his mother also being a native of that state. George Gutridge came to Missouri in 1838 and located in Henry County. He entered land in what is now Bear Creek Township and improved the farm where his family at this time lives. George W. spent his youth on his father's farm, and attending the schools of that day. He afterwards passed nine months at a select school in Brownville, Ohio. He was married at Brownville, October 10, 1867, to Miss Mary Swan, who was born, reared and educated in Licking County, Ohio, and a daughter of Monroe Swan. After his marriage Mr. Gutridge returned to Henry County where he has since been engaged in farming and stock raising. He has lOO acres of land in cultivation, and with good buildings and other improvements. He and his wife have a family of five children: Flora P., Eugene, George M., Cora Swan and Wilber King. Mr. Gutridge is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and himself and wife are connected with the M. E. Church, South. 768 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY'. HENRY HEARN, farmer, section 29, owes liis nativity to Auglaize County, Ohio, where he was born September 26, 1851. His parents, Jonathan and Louisa (Mason) Hearn, were natives of Maryland, where they grew to mature years and were married. They early went to Ohio and were among the pioneers of Auglaize County. Henry came to Missouri with the family in i860 and located in St. Clair County, only residing there however till the fall of 1 86 1, when they moved to Louisa County, Iowa. After liv- ing there till the close of the war, in the fall of 1865 they returned to St. Clair County. Henry Hearn passed his youth on a farm and in attending the common schools. He was married in St. Clair County March 9, 1878, to Miss Nancy A. Lotz, a native of Jay County, Indiana, and a daughter of James Lotz. He farmed after this three years in St. Clair and then came to Henry County. Subsequently he went to his farm, which contains fifty acres and valuable for its size, all being in cul- tivation with a good bearing orchard of about 120 apple and 100 peach trees, etc. THOMAL HUMMEL, farmer, section 22, is among the pioneers of Bear Creek Township and came originally from Mifflin County, Ohio, vvhere he was born October 4, 1829. Jacob M. Hummel, his father, was a native of Pennsylvania, as was also his mother, formerly Elizabeth Moyer. Thomas passed his younger days at his birthplace on a farm and worked about two years at the carpenter trade, receiving his education in the public schools of that county. He was married January 27, 1857, to Miss Catherine Miller, a native of Burks County, but reared and educated in Mifflin County. In March, 1857, Mr. Hummel moved to Illinois and located in Fulton County, where he farmed for about fifteen months, and in September, 1858, he came to Henry County, Missouri. Here he bought land and improved the farm where he now lives. At that time there were but a very few families in the township and hardly a house upon the prairie. He owns a good farm of 120 acres. He enlisted as a private in the Sev- enth Missouri State Militia Cavalry in April, 1862, and served till dis- charged in April, 1865. After his enlistment he was appointed corporal and in 1864 he was promoted to quartermaster sergeant. He participated in the fights of Shelby's raid and numerous skirmishes. Mr. and Mrs. Hummel have four children: Catherine E., Nevada M., Sarah G. and William T. JAMES M. MILLER, farmer, section 7, is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Bourbon County April 26, 1822. His father, J. M. Miller, originally from Scot- BIOGRAPHICAL. 769 land, emigrated to the United States when very young-, landing at Charlestown, South Carolina. Afterward he went to Kentucky, where he married Miss Mary Wayne, of Virginia. J. M. Miller, Sr., was teacher in the public schools of Kentucky and Illinois for forty-five years. He moved to Illinois in 1830 and settled in Edgar County, holding numer- ous local offices in that county. He was once elected county clerk, a position he held when he died. He also was appointed postmaster and for sixteen years discharged the duties of that office. James M. went with his parents to Illinois, and was brought up in Edgar County on the farm. His school privileges were very limited, but the greater part of his education has been obtained by self application. He enlisted in June, 1846, in Company H, Fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, under Colonel Ed Baker, and served one year in the war with Mexico. He was married in Edgar County, Illinois, July 20, 1848, to Miss Artemesa Elledge, originally of Kentucky, but later of Edgar County, Illinois. In the fall of 1848 Mr. Miller was elected clerk of the circuit court of Edgar County, and served four years. After the expiration of this term he was engaged in farming for three years, and in the fall of 1855 he moved to Missouri and located in Scotland County, where he lived two and one- half years. In the summer of 1858 he came to Henry County and set- tled on a farm ten miles south of Clinton. He is identified with the Republican party. In 1867 he was elected sheriff and served two years. He has made four assessments of the county, and during his life he has served thirty-two years as a member of the school board. In the fall of 1882 he was elected a justice ot the peace of Bear Creek Township, which office he now fills. In all of these positions he has proved a faithful and capable official. Mr. Miller's farm contains 300 acres, all fenced and in cultivation. He has raised a family of ten children: E. B., Clara, (wife of R. H. Dungan), William F., Ella, Isaac M., Maria L., Susan V., James M., Sherman and John S. Mrs. Miller departed this life June i, 1873. Mr. M. enlisted in the enrolled militia in August, 1862, and served till discharged, July 4, 1865. Shortly after enlisting he received a very severe wound, caused by an accidental gun shot through the right arm and in the lung, where the ball lodged and still remains. After recov- ering in a measure from his wound he was promoted to sergeant in the quarter master's department, where he served till discharged. B. F. MILLER, farmer, section 8, is a Kentuckian by birth, and was born August 21, 1828. B. F. accompanied his parents to Illinois in October, 1831, and settled in Edgar County, where he grew to manhood. His youth was spent on a farm and he received a common school education, supple- mented with two years attendance at the Paris Seminary. He was mar- 49 770 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. ried in that county December 25, 1855, to Miss Rebecca Laufman, a native of Maryland, but who was reared and educated in Pennsylvania and Illinois, and a daughter of Jacob and Margaret (Keefer) Laufman. Mr. Miller farmed in Edgar County until he came to Missouri in 1871. He owns eighty-four acres of land, all in a fair state of cultivation, with a good two-story residence and a young orchard. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have twelve children, two of whom are married, Alice is the wife of J. E. Odom; Susan H. is now Mrs. James H. Gutridge; Mary F. and Mar- garet Eugenia are prominent school teachers; Franklin K., James L., William, Amanda M., Ola Belle, Julian, Cyrus E. and Royal Albert. Mr. M. and his wife are members of the M. E. Church, South. He is identified with the Democratic party and has been elected to several responsible positions. While a resident of Edgar County, Illinois, he was elected and served four years as county surveyor, and since living in Henry County he has been elected at different times to important township offices. He is a man of good business qualifications and judgment, and has the entire confidence of the people. JOSEPH O. PERSONS, farmer and stock raiser, section 34, was born in Genesee County, New York, July 13, 1829, and was the son of Joseph Persons, a native of Penn- sylvania, and Betsy (Farwell) Persons, originally from New York. The former served in the war of 1812 and was wounded in the service and drew a pension until his death, which occurred in August, 1877. J- O- Persons divided his youthful days, until his sixteenth year, in his native county, between working on a farm and attending the common schools. In the fall of 1849 ^^ went to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and clerked in a grocery store for three years. Having entered a piece of land in Dodge County, he commenced improving it but after working for six months he sold the place and went to Neosho, in the same county, and learned the tinner's trade, after which he embarked in the grocery business at that place and was appointed postmaster there. He continued in busi- ness for about eighteen years, and in 1869 he sold out and moved to Pierce County where he took a homestead and improved a farm, which after living upon it for nine years, he sold, and in the fall of 1878 came to Henry County, Missouri, and purchased where he now lives. Mr. Persons was married in Neosho, Wisconsin, January 9, 1854, to Miss Cor- nelia Haun, of New York. She died in Pierce County, Wisconsin, December 4, 1873, leaving eight children: Alice E. (now the wife of D. Persons), Ella May, Dennis L., Alma V., (now Mrs. George Chapman), Francis H., Charles A., Reuben A. and James H. Mr. Persons was mar- ried in Neosho June 19, 1876, to Miss Louisa Wing, who was also born in New York. They are members of the M. E. Church. Mr. Persons BIOGRAPHICAL. 7/1 , served three years as justice of the peace in Neosho and also for eight years in Pierce County. L. C. SHOMAKER, farmer and stock dealer, section 9, a native of Pendleton County, Ken- tucky, was born October 21, 1852, his parents being Landers and Cath- erine (Metcalf) Shomaker, also Kentuckians by birth. L. C. moved to Missouri in 1855 with the family and located in Buchanan County, where they lived ten years, going thence to Shelby County. He was reared upon a farm and received a common school education, supplemented with fifteen months' attendance in the high school at Atchison, Kansas. Since completing his studies at this school he has been engaged in farm- ing. He came to Henry County in 1870 and moved to his present farm in 1880. L. C. Shomaker and a younger brother, J. H., jointly own 805 acres of land, with a sufficient supply of living water for stock. Four hundred acres are in cultivation and the remainder of the tract is pas- ture land. These brothers are prominent stock feeders and dealers in the township. L. C. Shomaker was married January 6, 1876, to Miss Anna E. Collins, a daughter of H. B. Collins, of Henry County. They have three children: Claude, Maud and Mark. JOHN SMITH, farmer and stock raiser, section 4, came originally from Adams County, Ohio, where he was born April 17, 1845. James P. Smith, his father, was a Kentuckian by birth, but early moved to Ohio with his parents, and settled in Adams County, where he grew to manhood and married Susan Thomas, also of Kentucky. The subject of this sketch went to Iowa with his parents in 1858, and located in Lee County, near Keokuk. His youth was spent on a farm, and he was educated at the public schools, supplemented with six months attendance at the Keokuk select school. In August, 1861, he enlisted in the Twenty-first Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and served till discharged in December, 1864, participating in a number of important engagements, among which were the battles of Shiloh. Corinth, and Red River, Arkansas, and after his discharge he moved to Clark County, Missouri, where he was engaged in farming until 1872. He came to Henry County in 1878. His farm contains 160 acres. A large portion of the place is underlaid with coal. The soil is a black loam and very productive. Mr. Smith was married in Scot- land County, Missouri, March 22, 1870, to Miss Mary E. Bryan, of Iowa, and a daughter of Nicholas Bryan. They have three children: Walter F., born May 8, 1873; Luther H., born April i, 1876, and Mary I., born February 14, 1881. Mrs. Smith is a member of the M. E. Church South. 772 MISTORV OK IIENRV COUNIV. ANDREW W. SNYDER, farmer and stock raiser, section 33, is a native of Onondaga Count}', New York, and was born January 30, 1837. His parents, Christopher and Elizabeth (Liphite) Snyder were also natives of New York. The former served in the war of 18 12 and received a land warrant for his services. The family on moving to Wisconsin in the spring of 1846, | were among the pioneer settlers of Dodge County, where they improved j a farm. Andrew W. grew to manhood in that county, and in 3'outh attended the public schools. In 1879, after traveling through a number" of the western states and territories, he bought land and located in j Henry County, Missouri, and owns 120 acres. Mr. Snyder was married 1 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, October 20, 1880, to Miss Ida May Miller, of Germany. Her mother died when she was a child, and she was reared j and educated in Milwaukee. She is a daughter of Stephen Miller. Mr. and Mrs. S. have one child, Matilda Augusta, born August i, 1881. He is an Ancient Odd Fellow, and is one of the neatest and most successful farmers in the township. TEAYS BROTHERS, James E. and Edward Teays, are natives of Missouri, and were born in! Henry County. Their father, James T. Teays, was born in West Vir- ; ginia, where he grew to manhood and married. He moved to Missouri in 1840 and settled in Henry County where he bought land and improved 1 the farm where these brothers now reside. He was one of the early pioneers of the county and was a man esteemed by a large circle of: friends and acquaintances. James and Edward here grew to manhood, spending their youth on the old home farm, and attending the common schools, where they were educated. They now own 920 acres of land in a body and mostly improved and in cultivation. There are two goodi farm residences upon it and also other buildings. They are extensively; engaged in feeding and handling cattle and hogs. Edward Teays was married in February, 1875, to Miss Sarah E. Dickinson, a daughter of; Samuel E. Dickinson. They have four children: Willie C, Mary E., James D. and Sarah V. They are members of the M. E. Church, South. There is a new church building located on this land (Teay's Chapel), built by subscription, and to which these brothers contributed largely and! liberally of their means. J. E. Teays is connected with the Masonic; fraternity. ! JOHN W. WHITTAKER | was born in Greene County, Penns}dv.ania, December 15, 1845, and wasj the son of John D. and Rebecca (Hammers) Whittaker, also natives ofi Pennsylvania. The former was a stock trader by calling and was ai BIOGRAPHICAL. 773 drover for over forty years. J. W. Whittaker passed his youth attend- ing school and assisting his father in the stock business until his six- teenth year. In 1862 he moved to Illinois and located in Woodford County, where he was engaged in farming for some nine years. Moving thence to Iroquois County in 1871, he was married there September 15, 1874, to Miss Adaline Hicks of Ohio, who was reared and educated in Woodford County, Illinois. She is a daughter of Thomas Hicks. After his marriage Mr. Whittaker resided about eighteen months in Illinois, and in the spring of 1876 came to Missouri and located on the farm where he now resides. He makes a specialty of handling and feeding stock, and is also one of the successful farmers of the county. Mr. and Mrs. W. have three children: Charles A., born July 8, 1875; Willie E., born June 18, 1877, and Madge Myrtle, born December 18, 1881. Mr. Whittaker is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. LEESVILLE TOWNSHIR CHRISTOPHER ANDERSON was born in Lunenburg County, Virginia, August 24, 1820. His parents, Christopher and Mary Anderson, were natives of Kentucky. The former who was born in 1796, served in the war of 18 12, and died in his native state December 23, 1865. The subject of this sketch spent his youth on the home farm, enjoying fair educational advantages in the subscrip- tion schools. In 1844 he commenced merchandising at Woodsdale, in the county of his birth, where he sold goods for about eighteen months, removing thence to Lewiston, the county seat. He continued business in the county for about five years, and in 1849, ii"^ company with William P. Gunn, started to make the overland trip to California. After going as far as Independence, Missouri, Mr. Anderson was taken with the cholera, and was left by his party, and after partially recovering he returned to St. Louis, where he was taken with a relapse. Upon recov- ering from this attack he enlisted in the regular army at St. Louis for a term of five years. The regiment was ordered to Florida and afterward to Santa Fe, New Mexico, and then went to the Indian Territory, where he was discharged at the expiration of his term of service. In 1854, he came to Henry County, and in the fall of 1855 bought an interest in a grocery house at Clinton. He remained here about two years and was 774 HISTORY OF IIENRV COUNTY. also engaged in the stock trade. In 1857, removing to the county h'ne of Morgan and Benton Counties, he started a country store, but after one year and a half moved to Benton County and was occupied in farm- ing until the breaking out of the war. From 1861 until 1865 he sold goods in Sedalia, and then went to Pleasant Hill, Cass County, and embarked in a retail and jobbing trade. In June, 1867, he brought his stock of goods to Leesville, and has since continued in the trade at this place. He owns about 400 acres of land, with good improvements, and in addition to being a successful merchant is a good farmer. Mr. Ander- son was first married in Benton County in 1857, to Miss Tobitha Brad- shaw, a native of Virginia. She died in Sedalia in 1864, leaving one child, Martha, wife of Dr. J. H. Baugh, of Leesville. Mr. A. was mar- ried again in Otterville, Cooper County, in February, 1866, to Miss Martha Bell, a daughter of B. H. Bell, an old merchant of that place. There are four children by this marriage: Christopher, Pauline, Mason and Berry. Mr. Anderson is a member of the Masonic order. His wife beloi'igs to the Old Shool Presbyterian Church. W. C. BRUMFIELD, M. D., is a native of Putnam County, Indiana, and was born May 16, 1854. being the son of Hon. James B. Brumfield, a Kentuckian by birth, who went to Indiana when a young man with his parents and located in Putnam County. James Brumfield was married in that county to Sophia Ann Rogers also of Kentucky. The former improved a farm and carried on a blacksmith shop in connection and afterward was also engaged in mer- chandising. He early took a prominent part in political matters; was nominated and elected to represent his count}^ and served two terms in the legislature. W. C. Brumfield passed his youth in his native county upon the farm, receiving his primary education at the public schools, supplemented with three years' attendance at the Green Castle College. He came west in November, 1873, settling at Clinton, Henry County, and commenced the study of medicine with Drs. Britts and Jennings as preceptors in the fall of the same year. He attended his first course of lectures at the St. Louis Medical College in the winter of 1874-75, and was graduated in the spring of 1877. He commenced the active prac- tice of his profession at Colesburg where he has built up a successful and constantly increasing pftitronage. He is a close student and keeps well posted in the advanced theories of his profession. FRANK CAMPBELL, deceased. The subject of this sketch was born in Ireland in March, 1830. His parents, Frank and Mary (Connell)^) Campbell, were both natives of BIOGRAPHICAL. 775 Ireland. Young Campbell grew to manhood in his native country on a farm, receiving a practical education in youth, but by self application in later years by a wide range of reading and close observation he was prepared, and taught several terms of school after moving to Henry County. He emigrated to the United States in about 1850 and located at Cincinnati, where he was a city mail carrier for four years. Coming to Missouri in 1855, he settled in Henry County, and bought land and improved the farm where his family now resides. He was married May 5, 1866, to Miss Mary Martin, also of Ireland, but who was reared and educated in Cincinnati, Ohio. Mrs. Campbell has a fam.ily of five child- ren: Maggie May, Frank, Mollie, John Carl and Eddie B. Mr. C. con- tinued to reside on his farm until his death, which occurred March 17, 1880. He took an active part in political matters and held several local offices in his township. Mrs. Campbell's farm contains 140 acres. CORNELIUS DIXON, section 6, is one of the enterprising farmers and stock dealers of this township. He was born in St. Joseph County, Indiana, September 16, 1840. His father, Hezekiah Dixon, a native of Ohio, grew to manhood in that state, and was married to Melinda HoUingshead, of the same locality. The family moved to Indiana in 1835 and settled in St. Joseph County, where they still reside. Cornelius passed his youthful days on the home farm, his early education being acquired in the common schools. He afterward attended the Mishawaka Academy, and spent about three years at the Northern Indiana College, preparing himself for a teacher. After completing his studies at this school he engaged in the mercantile business, in 1863, at Augusta, Illinois, continuing in trade there for one year. In 1864 he went to South Bend, Indiana, and gave his attention to business until 1870, when he removed to Missouri and settled in Henry County, working in a store the first winter, and in the following spring he went to farming, and has since divided his time between the farm in the summer and teaching during the winter. Mr. Dixon owns 300 acres of land in Henry County, 260 acres of which is fenced and under cultivation. Besides his home farm he owns a farm of 160 acres in Minnesota and town property in Mishawaka, Indiana. He was married at Augusta, Illinois, June 26, 1865, to Miss Drucilla A. Browning, a native of Hancock County, Illinois, and a daughter of C. W. Browning. They have a family of six children: Henry A., Edna B., VVilber C, Susan M., James E. and Melinda May. Mr. Dixon is a member of the Masonic fraternity. C. W. DUDEN, of the firm of Duden Bros., merchants at Colesburg, came originally from Licking County, Ohio, where he was born December 25, 1844. •JJ^ HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. David Duden, his father, and also his mother, whose maiden name was Ann Barrick, were natives of Pennsylvania. The family moved to Ohio in 1838, but afterward went to Knox County, where the subject of this sketch grew to manhood, spending his youth as a farmer's boy, and in a blacksmith shop with his father, where he learned his trade. He received a good education in the common schools. In March, 1863, he enlisted in the Ohio National Guards, I42d Infartry Regiment, and in September of the same year was discharged. He participated in the battles of Shenandoah and Petersburg, and others of less note. In 1865 Mr. Duden went to Iowa and taught school in 1865 and 1866 in Wayne County. He returned to Ohio in the fall and worked two years at his trade. In the spring of 1868, he came to Henry County, Missouri, and was occupied in teaching the first year, and in the fall of 1869, he resumed work at his trade at Colesburg, and continued that business nine years. In November, 1877, he embarked in the mercantile business, and he is doing a good trade. Mr. Duden was married in this county, December 22, 1872, to Miss Mary A. Hallford, a daughter of J. R. Hallford, a native of Moniteau County, Missouri. They have five children: Delia E., Aubra E., Ollie E., Fred E. and Eva E. Mr. D is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He was appointed postmaster at Colesburg in Octo- ber, 1 88 1. CHARLES P. DUNCAN, farmer and stock raiser, section 24, was born June 30, 1840, in Newton County, Missouri, being the son of Frederick M. Duncan, a native of Virginia, and of Scotch descent. His father Charles Duncan and a brother emigrated to the United States just previous to the war of 1812, and both served through that war, after which they returned to Virginia, where Charles Duncan lived until his death in 1856. F. M. Duncan grew up in Fauquier County and came from there to Missouri in 1834, first locating in Cooper County. He was engaged in clerking in a store at Boonville, and he was married in that county to Martha E. Parks, of Kentucky. After living in Cooper County four years he removed to Newton County, where he entered land and improved a farm and lived there until his death in 1855. Charles P. Duncan was the oldest of a family of two sons and four daughters. After the death of his lather he came to Henry County with his guardian. He enlisted in i86r in Porter's Regiment of Missouri State Guards, and after serving two months was discharged, when he re-enlisted in the regular Confederate service known as the Fifth Missouri Infantry. He served till captured May i, 1863. After being held a short time he was exchanged and transferred to Woodson's Missouri Cavalry, and attached to the army of Northern Virginia, where he served till the final surrender. He participated in numerous impor- tant engagements, among which were the battles of Pea Ridge, Grand BIOGRAPHICAL. 77/ Gulf, Mississippi, Battle of the Wilderness, and Newmarket, where he received a flesh wound in the shoulder, also at the battles of Corinth and luka, Mississippi, and numerous others of less importance. At the close of the war, Mr. Duncan returned to Henry County, and was mar- ried February 27, 1867, to Miss Mary J. Gordon, a daughter of Patterson Gordon. After his. marriage Mr. D. settled on a farm and has since been engaged in farming and stock raising. He moved to his present place in 1872, where he owns eighty acres. Mr. and Mrs. Duncan have one son, Elzie Duncan, who was born February 28, 1872, and daughter, Mattie L.. born December 23, 1867, died December 3, 1882. She was a universal favorite with her companions and teachers at school and was an invalid for two years and died as she had lived, respected by all who knew her. Mr. and Mrs. D. are members of the Christian Church. A. N. GORDON, farmer and stock raiser, section 23, was born in Henry County, Missouri, on August 24, 1850. His father, Patterson Gordon, a native of Ken- tucky, came to Missouri when a young man and located in Boone County in 1829. He was married there to Lucretia Forbes, also a Kentuckian by birth. After this he moved to Johnson County and thence to Rives, now Henry County, in the fall of 1834, settling on the place which the subject of this sketch occupies, and which land he entered and improved. A. N. Gordon spent his youth on this farm, receiving a common school education. He was married December 25, 1873, to Miss Amanda Dun- can, a native of Newton County, Missouri, and a daughter of Frederick M. Duncan. They have one child. Myrtle L. Mr. Gordon has ninety- three acres of land, with seventy acres fenced and in cultivation, upon which is a good house and a young bearing orchard of select fruits. DR. W. T. HILL, a native of Moniteau County, Missouri, was born June 3, 1829. His father. Green B. Hill, was originally from Virginia, but went from that state to Kentucky with his parents where he grew to manhood and mar- ried Pelina Evans, a Kentuckian by birth. In 1827 he moved to Mis- souri with his family and was one of the early pioneer settlers of Moni- teau (then a part of Cooper) County. Entering land, he improved a farm where he resided till hi^ death in December, 1866. Dr. Hill was reared in the county of his birth on a farm where he received a practical education. He commenced the study of medicine in the spring of 1853 under the instruction of Dr. William U. Smith with whom he remained for two years. He attended lectures at the St. Louis Medical College in the winter of 1853-54. After finishing his studies at this college he 778 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. commenced the practice of his profession at California in the spring of 1854, continuing it about one year when he came to Henry County, locat- ing at Leesville. He has built up a large and increasing practice and is one of the most successful physicians of this county. Dr. Hill was married in Benton County in May, 1857, to Miss Martha C. Chastain, a daughter of Joseph Chastain. Mrs. Hill is a native of Kentucky but was reared and educated in Benton County. They have a family of five children: Jennie, William O., M. M., Katie and Gertrude. Dr. Hill and wife are members of the Christian Church. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and has been one of the most active members of his lodge since its organization. REV. WILLIAM B. LAWLER was born in North Carolina November 4, 182 1, being the son of Evan Lawler, a native of the same county, and Sarah (Barker) Lawler, origin- ally from Randolph County. In 1827 the family moved to East Tennes- see and located in Henderson County, where William was reared, acquiring his education mostly by self application. He moved to Mis- souri in 1838, first settling in St. Clair County, of which he was one of the pioneers. He was married in Polk County November 21, 1843, to Miss Amelia Molder, a native of Tennessee and a daughter of Daniel Molder. Mr. Lawler resided in St. Clair County after his marriage until 1864, coming to Henry County in 1865, where he bought the farm and located where he now resides. He became a member of the Missionary Baptist Church in November, 1843, and in May, 1860, he began preach- ing and was regularly ordained a minister of the gospel in 1862, since which year he has devoted the most of his time to the study of his pro- fession and preaching. For the past sixteen years he has acted as pas- tor for different churches in the Tebo Association and is now serving three churches in that capacity. Mr. and Mrs. Lawler have seven child- ren: Daniel E., John T., William A., James W., Logan S., Theodocia E. and Robert T. G. They have also lost three children: Alfred F. died in December, 1878, at the age of twenty; May J. died June ii, 1871. aged sixteen years, and Sarah died in 1859, when seven years old. WILLIAM LOGAN, farmer and stock raiser, section 36, also a pioneer of Henry County, was born in Lincoln County, Kentucky, April 22, 1825. His parents, David and Nancy Logan, ;z^^ Parks, were natives of Kentucky. In 1826, the family moved to Missouri, and first located in Cooper County, where they resided about seven years, coming thence to Henry County in 1835, and being among the early settlers of the vicinity. They entered BIOGRAPHICAL. 779 land on Grand River and improved a farm in what is now Leesville Township. William Logan grew to manhood here and was married in the county in December 1846, to Miss Nancy Parks, a daughter of Reu- ben Parks, of this county. After his marriage, Mr. Logan settled on the farm where he now resides, buying raw land and improving it. He has 280 acres, with about 160 under fence and improved. Mr. and Mrs. L. have nine children: Franklin, Eliza J. (wife of Henry Pigg), Mary (wife of J. R. Parks), David R., William P., George V., Mattie P., Annie T., and John Alexander. DAVID LOGAN, a native of Henry County, Missouri, was born August 4, 1840, and is a son of David Logan and a brother of William Logan. David was born and reared on the farm which he now occupies. He received a fair edu- cation at the common schools, and was married in the county November 2. 1859, to Miss Martha A. Gordon, also of this county, and a daughter of Patterson Gordon, an early settler here. Mr. and Mrs. Logan have six children: Patterson D., John H., Arthur E., Clay T., Hugh G., Lelia V. He owns 200 acres of land, of which 140 are under fence and in a good state of cultivation. Mrs. Logan is a member of the Christian Church. JOHN McGINNESS, farmer and stock feeder, section 17, is one of the thrifty farmers of Lees- ville Township, and was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, January 31, 1827. His father, John McGinness, also a native of Pennsylvania, grew to manhood and was married in Greene County, to Eunice Wood- ruff, of the same state. Our subject was reared in the county of his birth upon the home farm, he enjoying good common school advantages. In 1848 he went to Virginia and located in Ritchie County, where he purchased a farm and where he resided until 1874. He came to Mis- souri in the following spring, and located in Henry County. Mr. Mc- Ginness was married in Ritchie County, Virginia, October 18, 1849, ^o Miss Mary Ann Woods, a daughter of James Woods, and originally from Pennsylvania. They have a family of eight children: James, died in 1878, at the age of twenty-eight years; Eunice, (now the wife of Reuben Rosebaugh); Eliza (wife of J. C. Jones); Adonigah W.; Lydia; Mary E. (wife of William Black); John L. and Josiah M. In January, 1862, Mr. McG. enlisted in Company K, Third Virginia Volunteer Infantry, and served in the Union army until discharged, in the spring of 1863. He participated in the second Bull Run fight, where he was wounded in the right arm disabling him. He also was in a number of skirmishes. After his discharge he returned to his home in Ritchie County. 780 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. E. SCULLY, of the firm of Anderson & Scully, merchants at Leesville, is a native of Stewartsville, Pennsylvania, and was born March lo, 1836. William Scully, his father, was born in Pennsylvania, and his mother, whose maiden name was Polly Frimyre, came originally from Germany, but was reared in Pennsylvania. E. Scully passed his youthful days mostly at school in Westmoreland County. He came to Missouri in 1858 and first located in Cooper County where he clerked in a store at Otter- ville for about fourteen or fifteen years. He was married at Otter- ville, December 31, 1869, to Miss Piety L. Bell, a daughter of B. H. Bell, a prominent merchant of Cooper County. In 1873, Mr. Scully moved to Leesville and since that time has been interested in business with Mr. Anderson, the first two years as clerk, and then in 1875 he bought a half interest in the establishment. They have since formed the firm of Anderson & Scully, and are now doing a good business, the patronage Avhich they are receiving, amply justifying them in keeping a complete and well assorted stock of general merchandise. HON. WILLIAM SHAKER, farmer and stock raiser, section 14, is a native of Wayne County, New York, and was born March 27, 1824. His parents, Jonas and Hannah (Roosa) Shafer, were also born in New York. In 183 1 the family moved to Ohio and located in Ashtabula County, where young William grew to manhood, spending his youth on a farm. When seventeen years of age he taught a district school. In 1845 he went to Iowa, but one year later settled in Hancock County, Illinois, where he resided for about four- teen years, engaged in farming and teaching during the winter months. In 1855 he embarked in the mercantile business at Nauvoo, and contin- ued the trade there three years. In 1858 he came to Missouri, locating in Henry County. Since his residence here he has taught two terms of school, but has also been interested in farming and stock raising. In 1866 Mr. Shafer was elected and represented Henry County in the state legislature one term. He has since held several local offices in his township. He was married in Ohio in 1848, to Miss L. C. Beckwith, a daughter of Jeremiah Beckwith, and a native ot Ohio. They have six children: M. W., Milo J., Mary E., Hannah Ida, William H. and Wal- ter P. Mr. Shafer, his wife and four oldest children are members of the Christian Church. Mr. S. owns a farm of 114 acres, with good buildings and other improvements. THOMAS J. SMITH, farmer and stock feeder, section 19, was born in Preston County, Vir- ginia, July 12, 1828, his parents being Riley and Eleanor Smith, both na- BIOGRAPHICAL. 78 1 tives of Virginia. The family early moved to Ohio, where they lived a few years, going thence to Indiana, locating in Hancock County, near Green- field, where Riley Smith died about 1838 or 1840. After his father's death, Thomas J. bound himself out until he arrived at his majority. His youth was spent on a farm mostly in Tipton County, and he had but limited opportunities for schooling, though having applied himself closely to study in later years. He was married in Tipton County, August 9, 1849, to Miss Ann Dickson, originally from Fayette County, Indiana, and a daughter of William and Sarah Dickson. Mr. Smith located and improved a farm in the green woods of Tipton County, and lived on it six years. He then sold out and removed to the county seat, and embarked in the mercantile business and stock dealing, continuing in this trade for six years. Purchasing 365 acres adjoining the town, he gaving his attention to farming and stock trading until 1880. He came to Henry County, Missouri, in 1880, and purchased a farm containing 162 acres, where he now resides. He makes a specialty of handling and feeding stock. Mr. S. is identified with the Democratic party and takes an active interest in political matters. He was elected and subsequently re-elected and served six years as county judge of Tipton County, his former home. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have a family of three children. William R., Charles Watson and Ora Dell. He is one of the leading auctioneers of Henry County, and has acted in this capacity for a num- ber of years. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. THOMAS STEWART, another old settler of the county, was born in Blount County, East Ten- nessee, March 17, 1823. His father, William Stewart, and also his mother, whose maiden name was Celia Stanton, were natives of the same state, and in 1839 they moved to Missouri, settling in Henry County on Grand River, near Brownington, where they entered land and improved a farm. Afterward they went to Osage Township and improved a farm, where Mr. S. died in 1843. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in this county, and was married in the fall of 1843 to Sarah A. Woolard, a native of North Carolina and a daughter of Thompson Wool- ard. After his marriage Mr. S. located on land in Leesville Township and improved his farm; he now owns 120 acres. Mr. Stewart is a black- smith and gunsmith by trade, and has worked at that business in con- nection with his farming operations for a number of years. He and his wife have a family of nine children: Sarah C. (wife of William Akers), Martha J. (wife of Wood Curds), James W., Celia E. (wife of Colman Edwards), Mary F. (wife of William McCowns), Thomas C, Andrew ]., Susan E. and Emma A. They have lost three children: Nancy P. died at the age of twenty- five j^ears; Margaret Ann, aged eleven years, and John H. when twenty-three years old. 782 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. CAPTAIN JOHN P. TURNPLR, farmer and stock raiser, section 29, is a native of Bourbon County, Ken- tucky, and was born December 18, 182 1. His father, Joseph Turner, a Virginian by birth, went to Kentucky when a young man and there married Susan Parks. John P. passed his younger days on the home ^arm, receiving his education at the Bourbon County Seminary where he acquired a fair education in the common English branches. In the spring of 1844 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and bought and entered 408 acres of land on Cedar Creek near Grand River. Mr. Tur- ner was married in this county in the fall of 1844 to Miss Rosa J. Parks, a daughter of Reuben Parks, a pioneer settler of the county. There were eight children by this marriage, three of whom are living: Perez, John and Nancy B.; five are deceased. Mrs. Turner died in November, 1874. The captain was again married, this time in Indiana, March 8, 1877, to Mrs. Harriet E. Duggins, a daughter of R. W. Mullis. She is a native of Hancock County, Indiana, but was reared and educated in Fayette County. They have three children: Lela Myrtle, Ala Delle and Bonnie. Mr. Turner served during the war in the Enrolled Missouri Militia and was captain of a company. He was also appointed and acted as county judge but resigned the position in 1864 and was then appointed assessor and made the assessment of the county. He also was elected under the township orgaization, assessor of his township, all of which positions he has filled faithfully and impartially. JUDGE VENLEMANS, farmer and stock raiser, section 20, is recognized as being one of the prominent men in Leesville Township. Mr. Venlemans is a native of Belgium, and was born October 2, 1824, near the battle grounds of Waterloo. His father, John F. Venlemans and his mother also were born in that country, and in 1834 the family emigrated to the United States, locating first in Louisiana, where they lived about seven years. They then became residents of Cooper County, where John grew to manhood on the farm. He was married in that county in May, 1852, to Miss Sarah E. Randel, of Indiana, and a daughter of David Randel. Mr. and Mrs. Venlemans have five children: Teressa A., (wife of John D. Eliott); John D., who is a bookkeeper for a wholesale house in St. Joseph, Missouri; Margaret A., Sarah C, Stephen P. They lost four children, three in infancy and one, Laura Bell, (wife of Henry Eberding) who died in September, 1878, at the age of nineteen. After his mar- riage Mr. V. located on a farm in Moniteau County, which he had pre- viously purchased and improved, but selling that place in 1854 he came to Henry County, when he bought land and improved the farm which BIOGRAPHICAL. 785 consists of 205 acres he now occupies. He enlisted in the Confederate service in November, 1862, and served till discharged in 1863. In 1864 he moved to Nebraska and located in Saline County, and lived there fire years, having been one of the early settlers of that county, and he wrote the petition and helped to organize the county. He was elected and served as county judge there for three }^ears. In 1869 he returned to his farm in this county, where he has since resided. He was elected one of the county judges of Henry County during the time of the township organization, and has held other local offices. He was elected and reelected to the office of justice of the peace, and has served as such for about twenty years. The judge belongs to the Masonic frater- nity, and has been an active member of his lodge since its organization. P^:^ ^ BETHLEHEM TOWNSHIP. C. C. BANTA was born in Cole County, Missouri, (now Moniteau) January i, 1833",. and is the third in a family of twelve children of whom eight are now living. His father was Henry Banta, and his mother^s maiden name wa.s Fanny Don Carlos, of Spanish descent. Her father was a soldier of the revolutionary struggle, and fought in the battle of Cowpens. In 1848' his parents came to Henry County and settled on Tebo, where they lived until 1861, then emigrating to the Pacific Coast, where they are still living. In 1852 Mr. Banta went to California and remained there until 1857, engaged in mining and lumbering. On his return to Mis- souri he settled on a farm. During a portion of the war he served in the militia. In 1866 he settled on his present farm, which consists of 640 acres, in a good state of cultivation. He is largely engaged in stock raising. Mr. Banta was married in Cooper County June 28, 1859, to- Miss Mary Smith, a native of Cole County. They have four children living: Christopher C, William Sherman, Mary Frances and Artie. His- neice, Bettie Banta, is also a member of his family. Mr. Banta is a man of liberal views and is much interested in education, showing his- interest by giving his children the advantages of the best schools in the state. His wife is a member of the Cumberland Presb\terian Church. 784 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. DANIEL A. BROOKS, farmer, section 25, came originally from Hopkins County, Kentucky, where he was born August 7, 18 14. He was there reared and educated, following farming till eighteen years of age, when he commenced clerk- ing at Belleville, Kentucky. After remaining there two years he clerked the succeeding two years at Princeton, Kentucky. In 1835 he engaged in the general merchandise business in his native county, continuing it till 1849. Removing to Caseyville, Kentucky, he was a merchant in that city till 1873. In the spring of 1874 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and settled on his present place, having entered the land in 1838. He now has 610 acres of fine land, 440 of which are under fence. Mr. Brooks was united in marriage November 30, 1836, with Miss Han- nah W. Eckols, of Tennessee. They have nine children: Susan E., Nan- nie O., Daniel A., Martha V., Amelia A. W., Mary E.. Georgia A., Augusta T. and Philip M. Mr. B. is a member of the Masonic fraternity and also belongs to the Episcopal Church. ' WILLIAM COLE. section 24. Few, indeed, are the old pioneers of Missouri who have been spared by death to tell of the hardships, pleasures and experiences of a life three-quarters of a century ago, and the many wonderful changes wrought in Missouri during that time. Among the class, however, who are still living may be mentioned William Cole. He was born in Sulli- van County, Tennessee, December 18, 1800, being the son of Isaac and Mary (Anderson) Cole, also natives of that count}'. The former died while William was quite young. His family consisted of three children, this subject being the only son and the second child. In 1S07, they removed to Wilson County, Tennessee, and after a residence there of two years went to Bedford County, which was their home for two years. Going thence to Franklin County, Tennessee, they resided there till 18 18, then came to Cooper County, Missouri, settling near Clark's Sta- tion, and it was on this place that the mother died in 1823. William Cole lived on the home place till about 1845, when he moved on the edge of Moniteau County, Missouri, there making a farm, which he occupied till 1866. Coming to Henry County, he settled where he now resides, having entered the same years previous. At that time he entered a large body of land, but has since given his children farms and otherwise dis- posed of it, now retaining a fine tract of 200 acres. Mr. Cole was mar- ried May 9, 1822, to Miss Rhoda Smiley, a native of Tennessee, born August 16, 1807. When ten years of age she had removed with her parents to Cooper County, Missouri. They have had eleven children: James A., Thomas S. deceased; Isaac T., Peter W., deceased; Hester A., BIOGRAPHICAL. 785 Stephen D., deceased; William A., Gustave H., Hugh G., Samuel B. and Lycurgus L. Mr. C. is a member of the Baptist Church. SOLOMON DAVIS, farmer, section 29, a native of Richland County, Ohio, was born April 27, 1825. His father, David Davis was born in Pennsylvania, and came to Ohio when quite a young man. His mother, formerly Sarah Zim- merman, was also originally from Pennsylvania. They reared ten child- ren of whom Solomon was the fifth. In about 1836, the family removed to Indiana, remaining in that state till the fall of 1837, when they came to Henry County, Missouri, the parents dying shortly after their arrival here. When fourteen years of age, young Davis being left an orphan, he worked as a farm laborer till 1847. Then he enlisted in the Mexican War as teamster, and made the trip across the plains. After the war closed he returned to Henry County, Missouri, and in 1850, emigrated to California, when for fourteen months he was occupied in mining. After this time he retraced his steps to this county, and entered the land where he now lives. In 1857 he settled upon it and now has a fine farm of 360 acres. Mr. Davis was married December 3, 1854, to Miss Mary Lee, a daughter of James Lee, an old pioneer of Henry County. They have eight children: Richard H., Neoma, James I., John W., Mary J., Hender- son, Orlena, and Sarah L. They are members of the Bethlehem Baptist Church. WILLIAM M. DOYLE, section 4, one of the enterprising and energetic men of the county, was born in White County, Middle Tennessee, April 12, 1836. His father, James H., was from South Carolina, and died November 6, 188 1. His mother is still living. Her maiden name was Elizabeth Fryer. Of ten children William was the fourth. One brother, Joseph A., is the former well known county clerk. The eldest, John W., is in Texas. Simon J. is in California. George W., Henry A. and Mary T. are still living in Tennessee. Young Doyle acquired a good education at the Union Hill Academy in Tennessee, and in 1S56, when twenty years of age, he came to Missouri in company with the Avery brothers. He engaged in teach- ing school in Henry County for some time, then returned to Tennessee, and in 1859 once more came to Missouri. He crossed the plains to Cali- fornia in company with W. A. Hastain and Mr. Avery with a drove of 109 head of cattle. He made about $700 in this enterprise and remained in California until the close of the war. While there he built toll bridges on Uba River. During the two last years he was in the silver mines of Nevada. In 1866 he returned to Clinton and gave his attention to the mercantile business with J. M. Avery for three years, and in that time 50 786 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Started a branch store at Birmingham, where they laid out the town. In 1870 he removed to his farm, which he began to improve and to deal in stock, and he has since been handling stock quite extensively. He has taken some interest in breeding short horns and has a herd of twenty thoroughbreds. Within the past year Mr. Doyle purchased a brand of cattle in Texas, one herd of 900 cattle and 130 horses. He has a fine farm of 960 acres lying three miles east of Clinton, all of which is in a good state of improvement; no acres are set to apples. In the spring of 1875 he was chosen cashier of the Clinton National Bank. He filled that position for one summer, and in November following, together with ^ W. H. Cock, engaged in the general commission business in St. Louis, remaining there but four months. In 1876 he lived in Bates County. In 1877 he again moved to his farm and has since resided there. May 9, 1867, Mr. Doyle was united by marriage to Miss Mary Walker, daughter of that old pioneer. Pleasant Walker. She was born in Shawnee Town- ship May I, 1849. They have five children living: Pleasant H., Bessie | Adeline, Sadie Belle, George and Joseph. Harvey, the eldest, died when ' one year old. Mary died at the age of five, January 26, 1882, and James and William, twins, aged eighteen months, died about the same time as Mary, making three children buried within the year. Mrs. Doyle is con- , nected with the Missionary Baptist Church. He is a member of the I. j O. O. F. fraternity, having joined that order while in California. j FRANCIS M. GROFF, | farmer, section 32, was born in Franklin County, Missouri, November | 22, 1831. His father, Henry Groff, a native of Lexington, Kentucky, was born February 14, 1799, and when an infant was brought by the ■ family to St. Louis County, Missouri, moving thence to Franklin County, j in 1824. He married Roda Franklin, who was born in North Carolina, I and who was there reared. She went to St. Louis County when a young lady and was there married. They had five children, Francis being the youngest. In the spring of 1850, they came to Henry County, Missouri, j settling near Brownington, where they resided till the death of the j father, in February, 1854. His mother's death occurred in 1832. In 1855 j F. M. Groff moved on the place where he now resides. He has 330 acres of well improved land, a portion of which is valuable coal land, A ' mine is now open upon it and in operation. It is a two and one-half j foot vein. Mr. Groff was united in marriage in August, 1854, to Miss Elvira B. Groff. They had one child, Caroline C. Mrs. Groff's death occurred in April, 1878. He was again married April 27, 1879, to Mrs- Climensia Burnsides, whose maiden name was Cox. They have one I child, Delila E. From 1863 to 1865 Mr. G. was justice of the peace of Bethlehem Township. In 1872 he was elected a judge of the county , court, and served one term. \ BIOGRAPHICAL. 787 WOODSON A. HASTAIN, farmer and stockman is a native of Henry County, Missouri, having been born five miles north of Calhoun on the 8th of October, 1835. His parents came from Tennessee the year previous to his birth. He is the fourth of five children, one sister, Jane, lives in St. Clair County, and one, Mary Ann Dice, near Warsaw, Benton County, one brother, John P. lives in Henry County. His mother, whose maiden name was Anna Green died while Woodson was in his youth and his father, Daniel M. C. Hastain, married Miss Martha Wall and they reared a family of nine children. Of these Thomas J. lives on the old homestead, and Susan E, Dilley resides at Calhoun. His father died soon after the war at War- saw, where he had lived a few years. In 1858, W. A. went to California, in company with others, taking a herd of cattle. While on the Pacific coast he was engaged in milling. He was married March 28, 1865, in Saline County, to Miss Sarah Walker, one of the first settlers of this county. She was born on Honey Creek, June 27, 1847. Mr. Hastain> lived in Johnson County until 1870, and then came back to his early home, buying a tract of eighty acres. His farm now contains 160 acres, beautifully situated and under cultivation and the improvements among the best in the county. He has been dealing extensively in stock, and is one of the principal shippers in his section of the county. His family of six children living are : William T., Anna A., Bertha May, Amy L., Stephen A. and George Woodson. Two: Pleasant W., and Johnnie L., died in infancy. Mr. Hastain is a sterling Democrat and is thoroughly imbued with the spirit of education and advancement. RICHARD HUDSON, farmer, section 24, is a native of Boone County, Missouri, and was born April 10, 183 1, being the son of Richard Hudson, of North Carolina,, who came to Boone County, Missouri, about 1824. His mother, whose maidan name was Elizabeth Harris, was a Kentuckian by birth. She was reared in that state and was there married. The family consisted of thirteen children, of whom Richard was the sixth. He was brought up in the county of his birth and there followed farming till 1853. Emi- grating to California, for two years he was engaged in mining. Then, he returned to Missouri and settled in Moniteau County, where, (and also on the edge of Cooper County) he was occupied in saw milling till. 1858. In the spring of 1866 he came to Henry County, and in the spring of 1876 settled where he now resides. He has a well improved farm of 120 acres. In 1879 he resumed saw milling on Cedar Creek, Leesville Township, conducting that business till January, 1883. Mr, Hudson was married January 21, 1858, to Miss Margaret E. Simmons, of Cooper 788 IlIS'lORV Oi' IIENRV COUNTY. County, Missouri. They have ten children living: Billie, Thomas R., Laura A., Boone, Kelley, Robert and Charlie, twins, Frank, Benton and Ethel G. Mr. H. is a member of the Masonic fraternity. In 1862 he enlisted in Company G, Second Missouri Regiment, Confederate State Militia, and served till 1864. ELI M. KNOLES, farmer and stock grower, came to Henry County, Missouri, in the fall of 1863, from Menard County, Illinois, where he had resided since 1849. He secured a tract of 280 acres, and is now living on a farm of 240 acres on section 2. Mr. Knoles was born in Gibson County, Indiana, January 29, 1814. His parents, Jesse and Elizabeth (Read) Knoles, were natives of Georgia. They died in Illinois. The family contained nine children, of whom Eli was third. Of these four are now living. He assisted his parents in improving new farms, living as all settlers of new countries must live, and in 1834, when but twenty years old he married Miss Louisa West, who was also born in Gibson County, Indiana, March 10, 181 5- They have reared six boys of whom the eldest, Hampson, died in the army; Marion, Jesse, Nathan, Henderson and Eli, all are living near their parents. Marion married Miss Mary Hutchison, Jesse mar- ried Miss Martha Eaton, Nathan married Miss Martha Turner, Hender- son's wife is Miss Jane Crawford, and the youngest, Eli, married Miss Sarah Van Winkle. Henderson's wife died in 1879, leaving three child- ren: Ida May, Abbie and Rinna Wright. JOHN W. LILE, farmer, section 18, was born in Livingston County, Missouri, January 24, 1838. His father, Allen Lile, a native of Tennessee, came to Missouri when a boy, and subsequently married Mary Cox, who was also born in Tennessee. They had ten children, John being the second child. He was reared to manhood and educated in his native county and has always followed the occupation of farming. In 1874 he came to Henrj' County and the year following settled where he now resides, having a farm of 160 acres. He has an excellent tract of land and is a most suc- cessful agriculturist. Mr. Lile was married in September, 1861, to Miss L. G. Parker of Missouri. They have nine children: Mary L., George, William A., Andy B., Alvia K., John M., Lillie D., Jennie and Laura E. Mr. L. is a member of the Baptist Church. CHARLES M. LILE, section 7. The subject of this sketch owes his nativity to Livingston County, Missouri, where he was born March 10, 1S41. He was there I BIOCzRAPHICAL. 789 brought up in the occupation of farming, and continued that avocation till 1863, when he emigrated to Montana Territor}/. He was engaged in mining and farming, and continued to reside there till the fall of 1866, when he returned to Livingston County, Missouri. After following farm- ing till 1872, he came to Henry County, and in 1877 bought and moved upon his present place. His landed estate consists of 160 acres, well improved. Mr. Lile was married December iq, 1868, to Miss Emily J. Gibins, a native of Missouri. They have seven children: Mary L., George A., Christina, William H., Charles E., Katie D. and James J. PEYTON B. PARKS, is a prominent farmer on section 13. He was born in Cooper County, Missouri, November 21, 1841, and was the son of James Y. Parks, who was born in 18 14, coming to Missouri at an early day. He married Nancy Adkins, a native of Missouri. They reared six children, Peyton being the fourth child. The senior Parks died in March, 1867, and his widow's death occurred in October, 1870. Young Parks was reared in his native county in the occupation of farming. He came to Henry County when just starting in life, and is now a progressive and success- ful farmer. He has a well improved farm of 150 acres on section 13. Mr. Parks was married October 28, 1866, to Miss Susan T. Randall, a native of Missouri. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and is also connected with the Masonic fraternity. ISAAC J. QUICK, farmer and justice of the peace, section i, is a native of Sullivan County, New York, and was born July 9, 1835, his father being Philip and his mother Mary (Tyree) Quick, also ©f Nevv York. They reared four child- ren, of whom Isaac was the third child. In 1836 the family removed to Peoria County, Illinois, where they resided till Isaac was seven years of age, at which time they went to Hancock County, Illinois, residing there till September, 1855. Then he emigrated to Missouri, settling in Henry County, and in 1857 located where he now resides. He has 172 acres of land well improved, and is one of our most successful farmers. Mr. Quick was married November 20, 1856, to Miss Sarah A. Peeler, a daughter of Major Peeler, an old pioneer of this county. They have six children living: Margaret A., Mary J., Allie V., Laura O., Susan I. and Rosa S. In the fall of 1873 Mr. Q. was elected justice of the peace of Bethlehem Township, the duties of which position he is now discharging to the satisfaction of all. GEORGE RAYMOND, farmer, section 13. The subject of this sketch originally from New York, was born March 27, 1832. His father, Jacob W. Raymond, was a native 790 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. of Massachusetts, and was born in i8o2. He was reared in Vermont, and was there married to Miss Mary Powers, who was born in that state. They moved to New York in 183 1, and in the fall of 1842, came to Ben- ton County, Missouri. The father died in Hickory County, Missouri, in 1864. George was brought up and educated in Benton County, and spent his youthful days in farming. He remained a resident of that county till February, 1868, when he came to Henry County, settling on a part of the farm he now owns. Upon arriving here he had compara- tively nothing, but by his energy, perseverance and close attention to business, he has risen to prominent financial standing. He now has a well improved farm of 170 acres, and is known as one of the most suc- cessful farmers in his township. Mr. Raymond was married July 26, 1854. to Miss Lydia Fuqua, a Kentuckian by birth. They have four children: Paschal W., Mary M., John W. and Horace R. Mr. R. is a mem- ber of the board of school directors of his district. ALFRED REID, farmer, section 7, is one of the earliest settlers of this county. John M. Reid, his father, was born in Madison County, Kentucky, and emigrated to Howard County, Missouri, in 1809. His wife, Margaret, was also of Madison County, and accompanied her father, Joseph Woolfskinn, to Howard County, Missouri, in 18 10. They had two children. Alfred was born in Howard County December 25, 1821, and when quite young the family removed to Cooper County where they resided until about 1830. Thence going to Saline County they lived there till October, 1832, when they came to Henry County, settling near where Mr. R. now resides. Here he was reared among the trials and hardships of pioneer life, and has always followed agricultural pursuits. He has where he lives over 123 acres of well improved land. Mr. Reid was united in marriage December 21, 1848, to Miss Nancy Lee, a native of Howard County, Missouri. They have five children: James A. John W., Sarah M., Mary E. and Marcy A. P'rom 1847 to 1850 Mr. R. was road overseer of Henry County. JOHN C. RIVERS, farmer, section 22, is one of the citizens of this county who is deserving of more than a passing notice. He was born in Green (now Taylor) County, Kentucky, January 14, 1833, His father, James Rivers, was a native of Kentucky and spent his entire life in that state. His mother, formerly Mary L Short, was born in Green County, Kentucky, March 13, 1802, and is still living there. Their family consisted of fourteen children, John being the second child. He was reared in the occupation of farming, receiving his education from the schools of Green County, BIOGRAPHICAL. 79I and at the age of seventeen he began school teaching, which profession he followed for three years. The first money he received from teaching was spent for his first pair of boots. In the fall of 1856 he came to Henry County, Missouri, arriving here October 14, when he settled on his pres- ent farm. In the spring of 1874 he built the residence which he now occupies. He has a fine farm of 240 acres in one body, and also owns 517 acres in the county. Mr. Rivers was united in marriage December 23, 1855, to Miss Ruth E. Wade, a Kentuckian by birth. They had three children: John W., Mary E. and William G. Mrs. R.'s death occurred March 31, 1875. He was again married April 16, 1876, to Mrs. Lorenia Hurt, whose maiden name was Hood. By this marriage there is one child, Campbell T. Mrs. R. has two children by her former husband, Saphronia and James M. In 1874 Mr. Rivers was elected public admin- istrator and served two years, and two years later he was re-elected to the same office, but he did not qualify, as his predecessor's time was for four instead of two. Previous to 1874 he held for some years the office of justice of the peace. In 1876 he was elected township trustee, serv- ing till the township organization was changed, in' 1877. In 188 1 he was elected justice of the peace of Bethlehem Township, which ofifice he now holds. HON. WILLIAM L. SHANKLAND. The present representative of Henry County in the lower house of the general assembly was born in Preble County, Ohio, on the 22d of December, 1S26, and was an only child. His father, Robert M. Shank- land, was a native of Kentucky, and his mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Gobble, was born in Virginia. William's early days were spent in Washington County, West Virginia, where he had access to good school facilities, of which he was not slow to avail himself After attending the academy at Abington for some time he came to this state in 1849, in company with his parents. They located in Moniteau County, and there his father died in 1868; his mother died in 1857, at the same place. Young Shankland entered the state university (at that time presided over by Dr. Shannon) soon after coming to the state, and in 185 1 he graduated from that institution, and among his classmates were two who are his coworkers in the present assembly. Senator James H. Walker, of Cooper, and Harry W. Cockrell, of Howard. After leav- ing school he served as surveyor for one year of Moniteau County, and sold goods for some time, and then taught school at Warsaw for over one year. He began the study of medicine under his father about 1853. In 1854-5 he attended the medical department of the Louisville Univer- sity. The same year he began to practice in Camden County, where he remained until the outbreak of the war, when he located at California, continuing his practice, and in 1864-5 he completed his medical course 792 HISTORY OF HENRY COJNTY. at the Jefferson College, Philadelphia, where he graduated in March, 1865. In 1866 he came to Henry County and secured a tract of land where he now lives and has since been engaged in the practice of his profession as well as the duties of the farm. His patronage extends for many miles in every direction and he has had remarkable success in his practice and stands in the front rank of his profession. Dr. Shank- land was married in Camden County, December 5, 1855, to Miss Jane Wilson. Her death occurred March 15, 1867, and she left three children: Elizabeth, who died at thirteen; William M., now a student at the uni- versity, and Josephine. In October, 1868, he was married to Miss Minerva Shankland, born October 30, 1833, in Nicholas County, Ken- tucky. The doctor and his wife are members of the Christian Church, to which he has belonged since quite a young man. He was chosen at the election to represent the county in the legislature over David A. Brooks the opposition candidate. REUBEN SLAVENS, farmer, section 28, came originally from Ohio, having been born in Pike County, September 27, 1825. His father, John Slavens, was born in West Virginia, and was there reared. His mother, formerly Mary Ruckman, was of Ohio, and was there married. They had eight children, of whom Reuben was the second. In 1835, the family removed to Vermillion County, Illinois, residing there about one year, and for the following eight months they lived in other parts of Illinois. In 1837, coming to Henry County, Missouri, they settled on section ii, Bethlehem Town- ship, and there his father died in 1863. His mother's death occurred in Ohio in 1827. In 1862, Mr. S. returned to Ohio and resided there till the spring of 1863, when his father's last sickness called him home. He soon resumed farming on his present place, which he settled in 1857. He has a fine farm of 280 acres, and is known throughout the county as a successful man. Mr. S. was married September 28, 1849, to Miss Nancy Stephenson, a native of Ohio. They have two children: John and Martha M. They are members of the Bethlehem Baptist Church. GEORGE W. SLAVENS, farmer, section 33, owes his nativity to Scioto County, Ohio, where he was born November 23, 1829. While he was a small boy the family removed to Indiana, where they remained about eighteen months, going thence to Vermillion County, Illinois. In 1837 they came to Henry County, Missouri, locating on section 11, Bethlehem Township, and being among the early settlers here. George spent his boyhood days in fol- lowing the plow, and attending the old log schools, which were then few BIOGRAPHICAL. 793 and far between. He remained with the family till the summer of 1854, subsequently settling on his present farm of 260 acres, all of which is well improved and fenced. Mr. Slavens was united in marriage August 4, 1853, to Miss Nancy J- Parks, of Henry County, Missouri. They had six children, four of whom are living: Mary C, John R., Susan E. and Jessie. Mrs. S.'s death occurred in December, 1867. He was again mar- ried, August 31, 1873, to Mrs. Agnes J. Nichols, whose maiden name was Parks. They had four children: Eldna G., Effie B,, Nannie and Charles S. M. TREADWAY, farmer, section 5, was born in Jessamine County, Kentucky, September 19, 1828, and was the son of Daniel F. Treadway, who was born August, 1 801, in that county, and there lived all his life. He married Miss Esther Organ, a native of the same county. Her death occurred in 1840. His father died May 2, 1881. Our subject was reared in the occupation of farming, and continued that calling till 1850, in which year he went to Bloomington, Illinois, and after a short residence there, to Sangamon County. He was engaged in farming till 1867, and soon came to Clin- ton, Missouri, residing in that city till the spring of 1869. He then set- tled on his present place and has since been identified with the farming industry 01 this county. He has a well improved farm of 245 acres, and deals quite largely in stock. Mr. Treadway was married July 27, 1852, to Miss Matilda Foster, of Illinois. She died April 24, 1876, leaving five children: Daniel F., Merriman F., Elizabeth F., Mary F. and Jennie. He was again married January ii, 1877, to Miss Susan Hopper, a native of Tennessee. They have two children, Gracie and Cora. Mr. T. is a member of the Masonic order, and also belongs to the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. ABSALOM VICKERS, farmer, section 15, was born in Muhlenburg (now McLean County), Ken- tucky, September 21, 1817. His father, John Vickers, was born in Edge- combe County, NorthCarolina, in 1796, and came to Kentucky when twelve years of age. His wife, formerly Mary Lands, was a Virginian by birth. The former died May 13, 1874, and the latter about 1848. Absalom was reared and educated in his native county and has spent his life in the occupation of farming. In October, 1850, he emigrated to Hancock County, Illinois, where he remained till the fall of 1854, then coming to Henry County, Missouri, and settling where he now resides, having a farm of fifty-six acres. Mr. V. has been a successful and progressive man through life, and were all men like him in our county there would be little need of courts, etc. He has been prominently identified with the Bethlehem Baptist Church almost since its organization, and is one of 794 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. its most liberal contributors and staunch supporters. He donated an acre of ground where their new church stands, and when it became .needed donated two more acres on which to have a cemetery. He was married October 5, 1837, to Miss Elizabeth Welch, a native of Kentucky. They have five children living: Laura, Adaline, Florence, Antoinette and John. From r868 to 1870 Mr. V. held the office of township treas- urer and clerk of Bethlehem Township. DEER CREEK TOWNSHIP. LEWIS W. ASHBY, farmer and breeder of fine stock, section 14, is a native of Henry County, Missouri, and was born February 9, 1857. His father, C. P. Ashby came to Missouri from Kentucky in 1853, ^"d was married in this county to Mrs. Susan Swift, widow of Shelby Swift; her maiden name was Susan Pinnell, and she was born in Virginia. Mr. Ashby resided in Henry County until the breaking out of the war, when he enlisted in the Con- federate army, serving until his health failed. Then he went south and has since lived in Arkansas. Lewis W. was reared and educated by his uncle, W. T. Beaty, and his youth was spent on the farm and in attend- ing common schools. He was married April 3, 1882, to Miss Minnie Palmer, also a native of this county, and a daughter of J. M. and Julia (Goff) Palmer, both of Henry County. Mr. Ashby and his wife are mem- bers of the M. E. Church, South, and he also belongs to the Masonic fraternity. He is devoting his attention to the breeding of thorough- bred Berkshire hogs, and has some of as pure blood as can be found in the state, and all are recorded in the Berkshire record. His stock has been on exhibition at numerous state fairs and always ranked amongthe best. WILLIAM T. BEATY, a pioneer citizen of Henry County, was born in Cumberland County, Kentucky, October 27, 1804. His father, Alexander Beaty, was a native ■of Virginia, and his mother, whose maiden name was Catherine Travis, came originally from Maryland. The former served in the revolutionary war. He removed to Kentucky at an early day and was one of the first .-settlers of Cumberland County. William T. was reared on a farm, and BIOGRAPHICAL. 79 5 while young learned the Gunsmith's trade. In 1830 he came to Missouri and located first in Saline County, and worked at his trade five years, removing to Henry County in 1835- He was one of the first settlers here, and soon entered land and improved the farm where he now resides. Mr. Beaty was married in this count}' February 25, 1836, to Miss Sallie Pinnell, a native of Virginia and a daughter of F. A. Pinnell. They reared a family of three children, all of whom are married and reside in Henry County. Mrs. Beaty died May 23, 1S76. RICHARD BOWEN, mine inspector of Henry County, owes his nativity to England, where he was born May 17, 1839. ^^'s parents, James and Elizabeth Bowen, ncc Tulip, were both natives of England. The former was a soldier in the English army, and was a Waterloo pensioner, and served also in the war of 1812. Richard Bowen grew to manhood in his native country, and at the age of eight years he commenced working in the mines. He immigrated to the United States in 1833, and located first in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, and worked in the mines about one year, remov- ing thence to Clarksburgh, West Virginia. Here he followed this occu- pation three years, then went to Ritchie County, and had charge of a coal mine four years. In 1871, he located in Alleghany County, Mary- land, and six years later, or in 1877, came to Missouri and settled in Henry Couty, taking charge of a mine for Bancroft & Co. He then had charge of the mines of the Osage Mining Company, in Henry County, until June, 1882. Mr. Bowen was appointed county inspector of coal mines for Henry County in July, 1882. He was married in England in February, 1858, to Miss Elizabeth Thompson, of that country, and a daughter of Ralph Thompson. They have four children: John, Eliza- beth, William S. and Robert T. Mr. Bowen has a farm of eighty acres, and he is devoting a portion of his time to farming. DAVID L. BURCH, farmer and stock raiser, section 20, was born in Putnam County, West Virginia, October 29, 1833. and was the son of Ziba Burch, a native of Connecticut. His mother's maiden nam.e was Martha Wallace, and was a Virginian by birth. David L. was the oldest of a family of two sons and two daughters. He grew to maturity in his native county, his youth being spent at school and in learning the brick masons' trade. When in his twentieth year he came to Missouri and located in Henry County, in 1854. He entered laud and worked a portion of his time in improving his farm, and has 160 acres in cultivation. He also owns 160 acres in another tract, and sixty acres in timber. Mr. B. was married in 796 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. December, 1856, to Miss Frances Finks, of Virginia, and a daughter of Mark Finks, of this county- They have two children, Thornton D. and George M. Mrs. Burch is a member of the M. E. Church, South. JOHN A. BUSHNELL, nephew. of Horace Bushnell, of Hartford, Connecticut, and descendant of David Bushnell, distinguished in the revolutionary war for the inven- tion of a submarine vessel designed to destroy the British fleet, was born in Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, Virginia, April 6, 1821, where he was reared and educated. Mr. Bushnell commenced merchan- dising in his native town when quite a young man, and his business was attended with marked success. But failing health caused him to under- take a trip to the West Indies, by which he believed he would be bene- fitted, and there he also thought he would again engage in merchandis- ing. Before embarking, however, he changed his purpose and came at once to Missouri, where he spent the remainder of his life. He first came to Boonville, then to Warsaw, and remaining only a short time at each of those places, he finally settled at Calhoun. Here he resumed merchandising and, attended with even greater success in business than in Virginia, he soon accumulated what was considered at that time a comfortable fortune. On the breaking out of the war, in 1861, he became identified with the South, and in the vicissitudes of property as well as life incident to civil strife. Returning to Calhoun at the close of the war, he was married two years afterward, August 15, 1867, to Miss Eugenia Bronaugh, and removed to St. Louis, where he again engaged in business and where he died in 1874. He left two sons, Horace and John A., and their mother, Mrs. Bushnell, still survives him. John A. Bushnell was a man of upright character and pure motives. He had that characteristic, that undefinable something, about him that made all who came in contact with him like the man. JUDGE C. C. BRONAUGH, one of the early settlers of Henry County, was born in Stafford County, Virginia, July 11, 1805. and emigrated to Missouri in 1840, settling in the county, where he died July 9, 1876. He was a son of Captain Wil- liam Bronaugh, also of Virginia, and was the first of a family of ten child- ren: C. C, T. J., L. L., Addison, William, Mary, Jennie, Maria, and Cath- erine, and ot them but four survive: T. J., L. L., Jennie and Catherine. Captain Bronaugh was also born in Stafford County, Virginia, and was married to Miss Mary C. Payton of the same county. Captain Bro- naugh served in the war of 1812, and his father, was a soldier of the Revolution. In 1850, though far advanced in years he had the courage BIOGRAPHICAL. 797 to face the trials and hardships of life in a new country, and removed to Missouri, where he settled in Cooper County, and lived until his death. Years afterwards there also his wife died. Had Captain Bronaugh been a man of less modesty than he was, the many eminent and excellent qualities which he possessed would doubtless have given him a higher place in the history of his times than not a few of wider fame but less merit enjoy. Descended from early colonial stock, from the splendid race of men who forced their way into the forests of an unknown conti- nent and laid deep and broad the foundations of great states, he repre- sented in his character all the sturdy virtues and inflexible courage that distinguished the founders of our civilization above the pioneers of any age. Devoted to law and order, and exact in the discharge of every duty, asking only the right to carve out his own fortune, by his own exertions, and brave enough to enforce it. True as a friend and kind and generous as a neighbor, he was a man that could be known but to be respected and admired. Coming of an excellent family and enjoying the advan- tages of a substantial education, he acquired an extensive knowledge of men of letters, and of the thought of the world by a wide range of read- ing. But it was in his family that he shone to the greatest advantage. A man of the strongest domestic effections, he was- singularly fortun- ate in the choice of a partner for life. Mary C. Bronaugh was a woman of rare beauty of mind and person, and her whole object in life seems to have been to make home happy. With such a wife it was perhaps not difficult to lead the gentle, tender life the fireside of Captain Bronaugh revealed. But such was the equanimity of his nature, such the great generosity of his heart and the strength of his affections that under any circumstances he could not but have been loved as a husband and honored as a father, and his daily walks and talks in life were in keeping with the purity of his character and the culture of his mind. If, with these qualities as a man, he had been ambitious of promo- tion in public life, to what postion might he not have attained. Related to the Lees, for whom one of his sons was named, and to the Paytons and many other eminent families of Virginia, his advancement would have been both certain and rapid. But he chose rather to remain to himself in the happier walks of private life, and this inclination, with the firm caste of his character, could not be overcome by the solicita- tion of friends. To him family was more than all the world and he devoted his whole life to his family. Except when called to the defense of his country and the common fireside of all, he was never known to accept an official trust of any kind. Modest, perhaps to a fault, he was the soul of honor and worth. Such was the man of whom Judge C. C. Bronaugh; of Henry County, was a son. To have known Captain Bron- augh and to judge of the son by the father would be to make a true esti- mate of the character of the latter, the subject of this sketch. If, per- 798 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. haps, Judge Bronaugh was not so self-depreciating as his father, he was nevertheless a man of extreme modesty and was not less worthy of uni- versal respect and esteem. The great force of character and close habits of thought of the father descended undiminished to the son and combined in his nature the profound piety that beautified his mother's life. In 1833 in Warrentown, Virginia, he married Miss Ann E. Waters, who still survives him. She is a daughter of William Waters, of that state, and a lady worthy in every respect to have been the wife of such a man. Of this union ten children were born: Eugenia (widow of the late John A. Bushnell), F. P., W. C, Thomas C, William W., Carrie M.. S. H., Frank W., Mollie C. and one that died in infancy. Mrs. Bushnell, with her two children, now resides with her mother and brothers at the old homestead. F. P. Bronaugh is a prominent stock dealer near Boon- ville, Missouri, and was a captain in the Confederate service under Gen- eral Price. He married in 1866 Miss Helen Meyers, a lady of superior culture and refinement, and has a family of five children. W. C, S. H. and F. W. are also largely engaged in stock dealing, ranking among the largest dealers in southwest Missouri. Frank W. and Carrie M. were educated at the state normal school, and graduated from that institution. Thomas C. Bronaugh died at his home in this county December 6, 1878, regretted by all who knew him. W. W. died in 1859, aged eleven years. Judge Bronaugh like his father had a quiet unobtrusive life and had no ambition to make himself prominent in pub- lic affairs. Being prevailed upon to accept the of^ce of county judge he was continuously elected to that position each term for a period oi ten years, when he refused to allow his name to be further used. The duties of his office, it is needless to say were discharged with singular fidelity and ability, and he retired from the position universally trusted and respected. Being a man of integrity, industry and of more than ordinary ability, as was to have been expected he accumulated a hand- some competency for himself and family and although greatly damaged in his estate by the war he rapidly recuperated from its effects and when he died was considered one of the substantial prooerty holders of a county of many wealthy men. He was an earnest and faithful member of the church, uniting many years ago with the Southern M. E. denom- ination, and his life was consistent with his professions. "His life was gentle ; ami the elements So mixed in him that naiure mi^ht stand up And say to all the world, 'this was a man.' " CAPTAIN A. D. CAMERON, farmer and stock raiser, section 6, is a native of Madison County, New York, and was born October 5, 1833. His father, Robert Cameron, was BIOGRAPHICAL. 799 also born in that county, while his mother, whose maiden name was Sarah Allen, came originally from VVilkesbarre County, Pennsylvania. The family early removed to Onondaga County, where A. D. Cameron< grew up. His youth was spent on a farm, and his primary education was obtained at the public schools. He attended the Morrisonville and Peterborough Academies for a number of terms, and finished his studies at the Cazenovia Seminary in Madison County. After completing his education he came west, and in the fall of 1854 located in Illinois, where he was engaged in teaching for one year. Removing to Iowa he resumed teaching for two years in VanBuren County. In the spring of 1857 he came to Missouri and purchased land in Henry County, after which he went to Howard County, where he taught until the breaking out of the war. In July, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Seventh Iowa Volunteer Infantry, and served till discharged, July 27, 1865. He entered the ser- vice as a private, but was promoted and filled several different positions, until promoted to captain of Company H, in July, 1864, in which posi- tion he served until the close of the war. He participated in a large number of important engagements, among which are the battles of Bel- mont, Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, Shilo, Siege of Corinth, the battle of luka and a number of others. He was in the battle of Atlanta, and was in Sherman's march to the sea. After the close of the war Captain Cameron embarked in the mercantile business at Titusville, Pennsyl- vania. In 1870 he returned to Missouri and settled in Henry County, where he has since been occupied in farming and stock raising. He has 270 acres of land, with a comfortable house. He is also engaged in breeding thoroughbred hogs, and has some fine blooded stock. Mr. Cameron was married in Poland, Mahoning County, Ohio, October 5> 1869, to Miss Mar}' W. Hines, a native of Trumbull County. They have three children, Cecil D., Mary Edith and Arthur W. E. K. CHALMERS, farmer and stock raiser, section 23, was born in Cooper County, Missouri,. January i, 1843, being the son of James B. Chalmers, a native of Mary- land, who grew to manhood there and married a Miss Evans, of the same state. The family removed to Missouri in an early day, and were among the pioneer settlers of Cooper County. In i860, they came to Henry County, where J. B. Chalmers died in 1873. E. K. was reared in this county as a farmer's boy, and enjoyed fair educational advantages. In 1862, he enlisted in the Confederate army, and serving about six months returned home. He subsequently served in the enrolled militia till the close of the war. Mr. Chalmers was married March 7, 1865, to Miss Emma J. East, of this county, and a daughter of George A. and Mary T. East. She died October 20, 1877, leaving three children: Mag- gie B., Frederick H. and John Ernest, 800 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. R. S. CRAMER, a prominent business man of Lewis and the present postmaster of the place, is a native of Wayne County, Ohio, and was born at Fredericks- burg September 24, 1854. His father, H. A. Cramer, originally from Pennsylvania, removed to Ohio with his parents and settled in Wayne County, where he was married to Miss Margaret Riddle. In 1854 the family located at Fort Dodge, Iowa, and were among the pioneer set- tlers of Webster County. R. S. Cramer grew to manhood in that count}', receiving his primary education at the public school, supplemented with three years' attendance at the Agricultural College at Ames, Iowa. After completing his studies he entered a store and clerked at Fort Dodge for about three years. He was married at that place December 19, 1875, to Miss J. A. Fleming, who was born in Pennsylvania and is a daughter of Thomas Fleming. About one year after his marriage Mr. Cramer removed to the Indian Territory, where he had charge of a store at McAlister for the Osage Coal Mining Company, remaining there two years. In the fall of 1877 he came to Lewis, Henry County, Missouri, purchased the stock and business of Thomas Terry, and has since con- tinued in business at this point. He carries a complete and well assorted stock of general merchandise and is doing a good business. He had the misfortune to be burned out in September, 1882, but has since erected a good building, 24x60 feet. He was appointed postmaster at Lewis in September, 1877. He and his wife have four children: Rolla T., Floyd A., Jennie and Bessie. Mr. C. is a member of the Masonic fraternity. ANDREW DATWIELER, section 31, is a thrifty farmer and stock man of this township, and was born in Switzerland February, 13, 1837. His parents, John and Elizabeth Datwieler, were both natives of that country, and in 1843 the family emigrated to the United States, locating in Franklin County, Missouri. John Datwieler bought land in .that county and improved a farm upon which he still resides. Andrew Datwieler grew to maturity in Franklin County, spending his youth upon the farm. He had but limited oppor- tunities for attending the public schools and his education was obtained mostly by self-application. He enlisted in the Union Army in the spring of 1861, first in the three months' service, and at the expiration of his term re-enlisted in the Seventeenth Missouri Volunteer Infantry under Colonel Gale, and served till discharged in the spring of 1S65. He participated in the fights of Springfield and Carthage Missouri, and other engagements of less importance, he, at the close of the war, return- ing to Franklin County. In the fall of 186S he came to Henr}' County .and bought the farm he now occupies, containing 214 acres. Mr. Dat- BIOGRAPHICAL. 8or weiler was married in this county February 12, 1870, to Miss Eva Janett, a native of Switzerland and a daughter of Christian Janett. They have five children: John C, Otto H., Lizzie Ida, Edward A. and Maggie. Mr. D. and his wife are members of the Lutheran Church. MAJOR THOMAS DAY. Among the prominent men of Deer Creek Township is the subject of this sketch. He was born in Belmont County, Ohio, June 2, 1837, being the son of William Day, a native of Loudoun County, Virginia, who accompanied his parents to Ohio and located in Guernsey County, where he grew to manhood and married Miss Julia Perry, of Ohio, and a niece of Commodore Perry, Thomas passed his youth mostly in school. His primary education was received at the common schools, and after- ward he spent two years at the Franklin College. After completing his studies he engaged in farming in Washington County, where he had previously moved. He was married there December 9, 1857, to Miss Maria T. Powell, a daughter of Elihu Powell, of Washington County. In the summer of 1862, Mr. Day enlisted as a private in Company G, Ninety-second Ohio Volunteers, and after passing the various grades of promotion, he was mustered out as major in the fall of 1864. He par- ticipated in a number of important engagements, among which was the fight at Ganley Bridge, West Virginia, and a series of engagements up and down the river during that season. In 1863, he went to Nashville, and was in the battles of Murfreesboro and Lookout Mountain. Just before the battle of Atlanta he resigned and went to the Army of the Potomac as adjutant of the 148th Ohio. After his discharge he returned to his home in Ohio. In April, 1866, he came to Missouri, locating at Windsor, Henry County, and was engaged in milling for one year. In 1867, he settled on a farm, and has since been engaged in farming, and teaching during the winter months. In connection with his farming operations he is raising thoroughbred Jersey cattle for the market. He has a herd of six, with Morton at the head. Mr. Day has been buying grain at Lewis since November i, 1882, for Foote Brothers, of Clinton. He has held the position of secretary of the fair association of Henry County three years. Mr. and Mrs. D. have one son, Elmer. BAYARD HOUSTON, farmer and stock raiser, section 19, owes his nativity to Delaware, where he was born September 7, 1834. His father, Jacob Houston, vvas a native of the same state, while his mother, whose maiden name was Sarah A. Taylor, came originally from Maryland. Jacob Houston died in 1838. Bayard spent his youth on a farm in Delaware and received a 51 802 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. common school education. In 1856 he removed to Missouri and located in Henry County, purchasing the farm where he now resides, containing 240 acres. Mr. Houston was married in Henry County, July i, 1858, to Miss Catherine Jane Adamson, a daughter of William and Frances Adamson. She was born in Bates County, Missouri, b'ut was reared in Henry County. They have nine children: Alice (wife of James Shan- gler), William, Frances (wife of L. Shangler), Thomas, Berry, John, Eliza, Bayard T. and Hattie. They have also lost two children, who died in infancy. Mr. Houston is a thrifty, enterprising man, and one of the substantial citizens of the county. WILLIAM B. JUSTICE, farmer and stock raiser, section 29, is a native of Carroll County, Ten- nessee, and was born December 24, 1834. His father, James Justice, who was born in North Carolina, removed to Tennessee when a youth, and there grew to maturity and was married to Sarah McCIure, also of Tennessee. William B., after the death of his father, which occurred in 1836, was reared by an uncle. His youth was passed on a farm and he attended the Lavinia High School and Bethel College, where he received a good education in the English branches. After completing studies, he clerked in a store for about three years at Hickman, Kentucky. In Janu- ary, 1856, he removed to St. Clair County, Illinois, and was engaged in farming for about eleven years, and in the fall of 1867 he came to Missouri, and settled on the farm where he now resides, containing 160 acres. Mr. Justice was married in St. Clair County, Illinois, August 27, 1856, to Mi:s Leandre E. Bagby, a daughter of Isom Bagby. She died in about six months. Mr. J. was again married October 21, 1858, to Miss Elizabeth PuUiam, a daughter of John and Mary A. PuUiam. They have two child- ren: James T. and Alice M., (wife of W. B. McHenry). Mr. and Mrs. McHenry, have one child, Fannie May, born October, 1881. HOWELL LEWIS. At six o'clock on the morning of April ii, 1883, Howell Lewis, one of the oldest settlers and one of the early pioneers of this county, closed his mortal life at the old family residence, near Lewis Station, this county. Deceased was born at Richmond, Virginia, July 10, 1808. He traced his genealogy distinctly from the Washington family. Betty Washington, sister of General Washington, was married to Colonel Fielding Lewis. They raised a large family. On December 12, 1770, a child was born to them and called Howell. He was reared to manhood and became a great favorite with his uncle. General Washington, and inherited from him 1,300 acres of land on the Kanawha River, in West BIOGRAPHICAL. 805 Virginia. On September 26, 1795. he was married to Ellen Hackley Pollard. To them were born eleven children, the subject of this sketch being the seventh. He was four years old when his father removed with his family, and twelve male and six female slaves and their children, under the care of " Old Jack," a trusty leader among them, and took possession of the large body of lands willed him by his uncle, General Washington. In 183 1 Howell Lewis and Emily G. Burch were married in Mason County, Virginia. He left his native home, and with his wife and young family turned his face towards the Great West, and located in this county in November, 1836, at his old homestead near Lewis, where he made his home during his entire residence in this state and wheie he yielded up his spirit to his Maker. His old homestead is located on the top of the rise, just north of the town of Lewis Station. For many years in the early history of the county it was the main stopping place on the road, and many a weary traveler enjoyed the open-hearted, unstinted old Virginia hospitality of its owner. Like all old men, he was fond of talking of the early days. With a bright native intellect and a well-stored mind, he would interest his hearers for hours in detail- ing reminiscences of the past. In 1849 M^- L., with others, were struck with the gold fever. After reaching New Mexico he concluded to return and let his fortune remain with his adopted state, Missouri. May 13, 1866, his wife died. He led an active, rugged life, and was blessed with good health until near its close. He was preceded to the grave but a few days by his second wife, Mrs. Mary A. Garrett, a widow lady to whom, he was married in 1872. JOHN W. MIDDLECOFF, a prominent farmer and stock raiser, on section 28, was born in St. Clair County, Illinois, December 18, 1822, and was the son of Hon. John Mid- dlecofT, a native of Hagerstown, Maryland. His mother came originally from Augusta County, Virginia. The former removed to Illinois in 1818,.. and was one of the pioneer settlers of St. Clair County. He represented his county in the legislature one term, and was adjutant general of the militia, but served a long time as captain previous to being elected adju- tant. He held this latter position until his death in 1835. John W. grew to manhood in his native county on a farm and attending school; three months during the winter. In 1866 he removed to Missouri and located in Henry County, where he bought and improved the farm where now lives. This embraces 400 acres in his homestead. He also> owns 185 acres of land in another tract, lying in four pieces. He is now devoting some attention to the breeding and raising of thoroughbredi Jersey cattle. Mr. Middlecoff was married in his native county Novem- ber 18,1846, to Miss Amy Anderson, of the same county. She died in g04 ilISTORV OF HENRY COUNTY. February, 1852. One son by this marriage is living, John T, Two are deceased, James A., died in December, 1870, at the age of twenty- three years. He served two years in the Union army, until discharged at the close of the war. Mr. Middlecoff was married a second time in St. Clair County, Illinois, January 5, 1854, to Miss Elizabeth Land, a daughter of Captain Aaron Land, one of the prominent men ot that county. They have ten children: B. C, A. L., Clara May, (wife of Col- onel Inloes) Lawrence, Mellie, John B., Elmer, Walter W., Ella and Archie A. Mr. and Mrs. M. are members of the M. E. Church. B. F. MUNDAY, farmer and stock raiser, section 23. The subject of this sketch is a native of Hendricks County, Indiana, and was born April 27, 1844, being the son of Harvey Munday, a Kentuckian by birth, who was born in 1810, and who was reared in that state and married Caroline Coghill, of Kentucky. The family removed to Indiana and were among the first settlers of Putnam, where Harvey Munday improved a farm and where he now resides. They have a family of eight sons and one daughter, Frank being the fifth son and sixth child. He spent his youth on the farm and in learning the carpenter trade. In 1861 he came to Missouri and settled in Henry County. Mr. Munday was married January 12, 1869, to Miss Mary G. East, of this county, a daughter of George A. and Mary T. East. Their family consists of five children: George H., Lizzie (died June 9, 1873, aged two years), Stewart L., Mary E., Benjamin F., Jr., and James C. He is a member of the Baptist Church. JAMES H. PADFIELD, a successful farmer and stock raiser on section 5, owes his nativity to St. Clair County, Illinois, where he was born November 14, 1842. John Padfield, his father, was a native of Kentucky, but removed to St. Clair County, Illinois, in an early day, where he married Nancy Ann Robin- son. James H. lost both his parents when a child, his father dying when the son was but four years old and his mother when he was seven years of age. His youth was spent on a farm in the summer and in attending the district school during the winter months, and he was married in the county of his birth, August 28, 1862, to Miss Amanda H. Fike, of the same county, and a daughter of Ashby and Mary Fike. They have two children: Bertha A. (wife of John Biggs), and Carrington W. Mr. Pad- field came to Missouri in February, 1866, and located in Henry County, where he bought the farm where he now resides, consisting of no acres. BIOGRAPHICAL. 805 WILLIAM A. SETTLES, farmer and stock raiser, section 28, was born in Pike County, Missouri, October 27, 1849, and was the son of J. H. Settles, a native of Kentucky, who removed to Missouri with his parents, they being among the pio- neer settlers of Pike County. J. H. Settles married Louisa Fielder, and about the year 1858 came from Pike to Henry County, where he bought a farm, on which he lived until his death, in May, 1863. William A. grew to manhood in this county on the farm, and received a common school education. He was married March 19, 1873, to Miss Elizabeth Hammond, of St. Clair County, Illinois, and a daughter of Jonah and Ruth Hammond. Having lost her parents when a child she came to Missouri with her grandmother, Nancy Hammond, under whose care and supervision she was reared and educated. She died January 12, 1882. She was a lady possessed of many noble qualities of mind and heart that endeared her not only to her husband and family, but to many friends. There is one child by this marriage, Ollie Settles, who was born July 25, 1878. Mr. Settles now has 370 acres of land. JAMES H. SETTLES, section 29, an energetic and enterprising farmer of this township, is a native of Pike County, Missouri, and was born January 13, 1853. His parents were J. H. and Louisa (Fielder) Settles. James H. spent his youth on a farm in this county, attending the common schools, where he was educated. He was married April 5, 1877, to Miss Rachel Ham- mond, originally from St. Clair County, Illinois, and a daughter of Jonah and Ruth Hammond. Her parents had died when she was a child, her mother departing this life January 14, i860, and her father February 8, of the same year. She was then brought up and educated by her grand- mother, Nancy Hammond, who removed with her family to Henry County, Missouri, in 1868. Nancy Hammond is a Kentuckian by birth, and was born in 1803. Her father, Joseph Cook, removed to St. Clair County, Illinois, from Kentucky, in 1825. Nancy was married there in 1826, to Isaac Hammond. There were two sons by this marriage, who grew to maturity, but are now deceased, Carroll and Jonah. Mr. and Mrs. Settles have one child, Robert J., who was born March 15, 1882. After his marriage Mr. Settles located on the farm where he now resides, lie owns 240 acres of land. CAPTAIN W. H. SHELDON, farmer and stock raiser, section 31, owes his nativity to Steuben County, New York, where he was born February 23, 1833, being the son of Allen 8o6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. Sheldon, a native of Massachusetts, and Chloe (Picket; Sheldon, origi- nally from Connecticut. The former served as drum major in the war of 1812, while his father, Ephesus Sheldon, was a colonel in the war of the Revolution and hi.s father wa5 a general in the same service. Allen Sheldon removed from New York to Illinois in 1840 and located in McHenry County, where he purchased land and improved a farm and lived until his death in February, 1870. W. H. grew to maturity in McHenry County and received his education at the public schools, supplemented with about two years' attendance at a select school. He enlisted September 10, 1861, in Company I, Eighth Illinois Cavalry as a private, but when his company was organized he was elected first lieu- tenant. After serving one year he resigned on account of ill health. Upon recovering he re-enlisted and clerked in the quartermaster's department until disabled by being thrown from a horse, when he was taken to the hospital, remaining there for four months and then was dis- charged. After this he returned to Illinois and was engaged in the real estate business and farming in McHenry County for about six years. In 1869 he located at Brownington, Henry County, Missouri, and was inter- ested in the mercantile business for about three years, removing to his farm, containing 153 acres, in Deer Creek Township, in December, 1878. Mr. Sheldon was married in Wisconsin, January 7, 1855, to Miss Nora Foley, a daughter of John Foley. She was born in Montgomery Count}', New York. They have three children: James H. (a merchant and post- master at Brownington), Charles W. and Allen. They have lost four children. CAPTAIN DARIUS SULLIVAN. section 7, a native of Dutchess County, New York, was born January 13, 1831. John Sullivan, his father, and also his mother, whose maiden name was Mary Washburn, were born in the same state. Darius passed his youthful days on a farm and in attending the common schools, where he received his primary education, supplemented with two years attend- ance at the Rochester High School. Removing from New York to Pennsylvania the family located in Erie County, and afterward in Ken- dall County, Illinois. In the fall of 1861 Mr. S. enlisted as a private in Company K, Eighth Illinois Cavalry, and served till October, 1864. He was promoted to second lieutenant January 3, 1862, and in July, 1863, was promoted to captain, serving in that capacity until his final dis- charge. He participated in the fights of Williamsburg and Gettysburg, and fought over the same ground at Brandy Station seven times. Imme- diately after the battle of Gettysburg he received a gunshot wound in the head which fractured his skull. After recovering, however, he par- ticipated in a number of other engagements. After his discharge he was appointed horse inspector for the government at Syracuse, New BIOGRAPHICAL. 80/ York, and served in that capacity until the close of the war. In the winter of 1865 Mr. Sullivan came to Clinton, Henry County, Missouri, and was appointed deputy sheriff, serving as such one year. He then embarked in the hardware business, which he continued for about three years. He was appointed postmaster at Clinton May 23, 1873, and made an efficient officer for about five years. After retiring from this office Mr. Sullivan spent one summer traveling with his family in Colorado, and since his return has been engaged in farming and stock raising. His farm includes 240 acres, with good improvements. He is giving his attention to the breeding and raising of thoroughbred short horn cattle, and has a herd of eleven, with the Eighth Duke of Walnut Hill, at the head and Lady Eleanor second; his stock is all recorded. Mr. Sullivan was married in Will County, Illinois, December 12, 1867, to Miss Han- nah J. Corbin, a daughter of Elihu Corbin, one of the prominent men of that county. Mrs. S. is a native of Ohio, but was reared and educated in Will County. They have three children: Arthur C, Alice B. and Emma H. Mrs. S. is a member of the M. E. Church. ABRAM WILEY, farmer and stock raiser, section lO, came originally from Cocke County, East Tennessee, where he was born in 1824. His father, A. Wiley, was a native of Shenandoah County, Virginia, and his mother, formerly Mar- garet Whitson, of Tennessee. The former was a soldier of the war of 1812. He removed from Tennessee to Missouri in the fall of 1830 and located in Lafayette County, where he lived about three years, then com- ing to Henry County. He settled in the northern part of the county, where he lived until his death, December 19, 1861. Abram grew to man- hood here upon the farm, and after reaching his majority he learned and worked at the carpenter's trade for about fourteen years. He was mar- ried January 21, 1858, to Miss Angeline Woolfalk, a Kentuckian by birth and a daughter of Charles T. Woolfalk. They have four children: Nan- nie (wife of Alonzo McElwrath), Maggie A., Robert G. and Charles Lewis. Mrs. McElwrath has one child. Mora. After his marriage Mr. Wiley located on land he had previously purchased and which he now occupies. He owns 170 acres. A large portion of the place is under- laid with coal. There is a coal shaft, where about 12,000 bushels of coal per month are being taken out. Mrs. Wiley is a member of the Missionary Baptist; Church, and the two daughters of the M. E. Church, South. 8o8 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP. P. W. CECIL was born September 14, 1827, in Montgomery County, Virginia, and was the son of Philip Cecil, who was born December 8, 1776, and Polly (Wygal) Cecil, born December 8, 1789. They were married May 22, 1826, and by this union had eleven children, five of whom are still living. They immigrated to Saline County, Missouri, in December, 183 1, when Mr. Cecil purchased a large tract of land on the forks of Salt Creek and Black Water, and lived there two years and then removed to Rives (now Henry) County, settling in Springfield Township in 1834. In 1836, he pre-empted 160 acres in addition to his former purchase. He died July 23, of the same year. In 1837, the subject of this sketch bought of the government 240 acres, and had the management of affairs for seven years, until the marriage of his mother, when he came into possession of 160 acres of the homestead, including the buildings. He married Miss Mary Ann Duncan, of Henry County, January ii, 1844. They had six children, four of whom were daughters. He has four children living. In 1858, he sold his farm and removed to Leesville, where he was engaged in merchandising for two years, but he again took possession of the farm in the fall of i860. He was elected a justice of the peace in 1846, and served two years, and was afterward appointed to fill vacancy in 1862, During the years of 1863-4, he was in Otterville, Cooper County, Mis- souri. Returning in the spring of 1865, he resumed farming. He was elected township trustee in 1872, and served one term. In 1874, he was elected county judge for the term of two years, and was again tendered the office, but declined to accept. During a residence of nearly half a century in the county, Judge Cecil has been one of its honored men, giv- ing his services often for it, and his influence is always on the side of right. Politically he is a Democrat. Mr. and Mrs. Cecil have been members of the Mt. Olivet Baptist Church for a period of thirty years. THOMAS G. COCK, farmer and stock raiser was born April 14, 1824, in, Campbell County, Virginia. His father, Chastain Cock, was born there, June 22, 1793, and by trade a tanner. He subsequently abandoned his trade and engaged in farming. His mother, formerly Mary Bronson, was born June 22, 1797, in Campbell County. They were married June 22, 1815, and to them were born eight children, six sons and two daughters, only one of BIOGRAPHICAL. 809 whom is living. Thomas Cock received but a limited education in youth, and in November, 1833, he emigrated with his parents to Christian County, Kentucky, where he remained four years, then removed to White Township, Benton County, Missouri. For ten years he farmed in that county, and on September 22, 1847, he married Miss Martha Bishop, of Kentucky, born February 3, 1828. By this union there were six daughters and two sons, all of whom are living. In December 1847, he removed from Benton County to Osage, Henry County, where he commenced farming for himself Two years later he sold his claim and began working for his brother in Springfield, with whom he continued one year. He then bought a claim and has added to his original pur- chase, until he now owns 560 acres. Mrs. Cock died February 6, 1865. November 21, 1865, he married Mrs. Henrietta L. Huff, of Johnson County, Missouri, widow of Dr. William Huff, and daughter of Maj. John W. WiUiams, of Henry County. They have had three sons, two of whom are living. In 1874, Mr. C. was elected township trustee, serv- ing for two years. Himself, wife and six of his daughters are connected with the Mount Olivet Baptist Church. The father of Mrs. Cock, Maj. John W. Williams, was born October 10, 1797, near Gallatin, Sumner County, Tennessee, and before his recollection, accompanied his parents to what is now Simpson, then Warren County, Kentucky, His father, John Williams, enlisted in the continental army at the commencement of the revolutionary war, and continued in service until its close. He commanded a volunteer company in the northwestern army in the war of 1812, and served in the senate of Kentucky ten years. His son, John W. Williams, after he had grown to manhood, filled various offices in his county, and was sheriff for several years, and had the honor of serving his county in the Kentucky legislature in the years 1833-4. Iri the year 1836, he moved with his family to Missouri, and settled in Henry County, near where he died. He filled the ofifi.e of brigade inspector or drill officer for seven years. He was a member of the Missouri legislsture in the years 1854-5. and was school commissioner for several years. He had been a member of the Baptist Church for thirty-seven years. When the civil war commenced he opposed secession, and being between sixty and seventy years of age, resolved to remain at home, and did so through- out the troubles. He died at his home, January 23, 1876. Mr. Williams, during his long career as a citizen of Henry County, held various offices of trust at the hands of the people of his county, and also filled his official station with honor to himself and his constituents. NICHOLAS C. DECKER, farmer and stock raiser, was born March 22, 1835, in Brooklyn, New York. He received his early education in that city. When sixteen 'SlO HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. years of age he entered the Wilton Boarding School, at Wilton, Con- necticut, for one year. His father, Stephen L. Decker, was born in New Lotts, Kings County, New York, in i8oi, and still resides in his native state, and although nearly eighty-two years of age, is actively engaged in superintending his farm. He married, November 15, 1828, Miss Han- nah Van Ausdale, of Kings County, born March 24, 1808; she died March 4, 1848. They had eight children, five sons and three daughters, ■six of whom are living. The subject of this sketch emigrated to Rock- ford, Illinois, in September of 1854, and soon became occupied in the manufacture of reapers, where he remained for eight years. He mar- ried Miss Sophia C. Schultz, of Orange County, New York, and a daughter of John D. and Catharine T. Schultz. By this union there were six children, four sons and two daughters, four of whom survive. After his marriage Mr. D. went to St. Louis and located eight miles north of the city, where he was employed as overseer on a large plantation for two years. Going to St. Louis city he engaged his services to a ship- ping firm, and remained there for eighteen months, when he took charge of another plantation for ten years. He then purchased the stock and implements and conducted the plantation as lessee for four years. While here Mrs. Decker died, on April 10, 1878. In March, of 188 1. he removed to Henry County, and bought a farm of 190 acres, on section II, Springfield Township. His farm is well improved and fenced, upon which is a new two-story house. October 26, 188 1, he married Mrs. Ruth M. Stevens, of Wabash, Indiana, who had one son by her former marriage. They were married at Hayden's Grove Church, this being the first ceremony performed in that church. In September, of 1882, he applied for a patent on an improvement of a cultivator, for the cultiva- tion of corn, broom corn, cotton and sugar cane. The patent was issued December 26, 1882. Mr. D. excels the county in raising broom ■corn, and he attributes his success to his new invention, claiming for its principal merit that it does the work of eight men with hoes, and it is susceptible of being attached to any cultivator, or a double or single shovel plow. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., while Mrs. Decker is identified with the Christian Church at Hayden Grove. HAMILTON PERRY FEWELL was born July 17, 1843, in Henry County, Missouri, and was the son of John H. Fewell, originally of Christian County, Kentucky, born Janu- ary 6, 1816, and who was a farmer by occupation. His mother, formerly Sarah Cannon, was born in 1809, in Alabama. They were married in Kentucky, in November, 1835, and emigrated to Henry County, Mis- souri, in 1838. By this union there were eight children, five of whom are living, Hamilton P. being the fourth child. He has always resided BIOGRAPHICAL. 8 II in Henry County with the exception of an absence of four years in Texas. He commenced life for himself at the age of sixteen, and has since that time relied upon his own exertions. At the opening ot the war he enlisted in the state service under Captain Bird D. Parks, and served for six months, and then in the regular army. Company G., Fifth Missouri Infantry Regiment, Captain McCowen commanding. He served in that company until the surrender of Vicksburg, July 3, 1863. He was among the prisoners taken at that battle, but on the way to parole camp made his escape, and crossing the river to McKinney, Texas, there joined General Genno's escort and went in pursuit of desert- ers, to Lockhart, in Southern Texas, where he was taken sick. Subse- quently recovering, he rejoined his company, but was with it only two days, as his commander, General Genno, was wounded at the battle of Poison Springs, and he, together with others, received permission to join General Shelby. Failing to reach the brigade, they joined Colonel Lawler, on the Arkansas River, with whom he remained two weeks. He joined Shelb}-'s raid in Missouri, and accompanied it to Boonville, in its attempt to join Price, but falling behind that company, he, together with five of his comrades, were separated from the army, and for twenty- nine days subsisted upon what they could obtain with their guns, Avhile passing through the Indian Territory. They finally reached Texas and remained until the spring pf 1865, when they joined Tuck Hill's inde- pendent company, and coming through to Missouri, surrendered at Lex-* ington to the Federal troops. He was paroled the same day, and went to Illinois, where he stopped for two months, thence to Red River Sta- tion, Mississippi, but after a short time went into Texas. A few months later he returned to Missouri and commenced trading in cattle, in which business he continued for three years. He subsequently settled in Henry County, and leasing a farm, has remained upon it for eleven years. JAMES HENRY FEWELL, was born April 20, 1837, near Dukedom, Graves County, Kentuck}^ and when two years old came with his parents to Henry County, with whom he remained until the age of eighteen. He attended the school known as the Longdon and Shanklin academy for a term of six months, at the age of seventeen and when eighteen years old he commenced the study of medicine at Calhoun, Henry County, his preceptor being Dr. Robert Hogan, of that place. In the same year he attended Pope's Medical College, of St. Louis, where he took a course of medical lec- tures for six months. He opened his first office for the practice of medi- cine at Windsor, .Henry County, Missouri, then removed to Little Osage, Vernon Count}-, and made it his home for one year. Changing his locality to Taborville, St. Clair Count}-, he settled permanently and con- 8l2 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. tinued his practice for several years, or up to the opening of the late war, when he engaged as surgeon in General Price's division at Little Little Rock, Arkansas. He served during the war in that capacity, and at its close went to San Antonio, Texas, where he engaged in the cot- ton trade, but after a short time, he returned to his father's home in Henry County. He was later interested in general stock raising and shipping, and followed this business four year, when he abandoned it and resumed farming, as his primary business, though raising and deal- ing in stock to some extent, while quietly pursuing his chosen calling. His death was a sudden and tragic one. On his return home from a neighbor's house, he fell from his saddle dead, from the effects, as was supposed, of poison, secretly administered by another. Mr. Fewell and family, together with some of their neighbors, soon after the burial, sus- pecting that foul play had been connected with the death of the deceased, began to investigate the circumstances connected with it, and found that a note of $200 had been given in the past, and there was evi- dence that said note had been changed unlawfully to read $1,200. Sub- sequent developments strengthened the suspicions against the suspected one, John Wickham, but the matter not being duly investigated from want of evidence, the suspected criminal was never arraigned in time to fasten suspicion upon him. However, in a few months, he suddenly and very suspiciously disappeared, and has never been heard of in the locality of Henry County. The lawful note of $200 has never been presented- WILLIAM C. GEORGE, farmer, was born September 25, 1806, in Caroline County, Virginia. His father, John George, who was born in 1770 or 1771, in Pennsylvania, emigrated with his parents when fifteen years of age, to Madison County, Virginia. His father died when he was twenty years old. He then engaged as an overseer, and continued in that business fifteen years. He married Miss Mary J. Long, of Orange County, Virginia, in 1803. They had ten children, four of whom are living. Mr. G. removed to Lincoln County, Kentucky, in 1816, and lived there until 1835, when he came to Rives County, Missouri. Mrs. George died about the year 1840, and after this her husband made his home among his children until his death in 1853. William C. George was married November 21, 1839, to Miss Eliza Collins, of Henry County, Missouri. To them were born four children, now living. Mrs. George died August 20, 1847. November 20, 1849, hs married Miss Adelia Hopkins, also of Henry County. To them were born two sons, one of whom is living. Mr. George's farm consisted of eighty acres. He added to this from time to time, until he became the owner of 620 acres. A large portion of this he has divided with his children. Although a man seventy-six years of age he BIOGRAPHICAL. 813 is still of active habits, and slow to yield to the infirmities of age. He and his wife, with two of his daughters and one son, are connected with the Mt. Olivet Baptist Church. His oldest son, John L., enlisted during the second year of the civil war, as private, and served in that capacity until the close of the war, participating in many battles with his com- pany, C, Seventh Missouri Cavalry. Politically he is a Republican. WILLIAM G. GEORGE was born August 30, 1857, in Springfield Township, Henry County, Mis- souri. At the age of twenty years he entered the Clinton Academy, where he remained for six months. Then he was under the instruction of Prof. W. H. Stahl for two years, graduating in his twenty-second year with honor. After leaving the academy he resumed his duties as instructor and has steadily been occupied in his profession since that time. His father, Alberton C. George, a farmer and stock raiser by call- ing, was born July 10, 18 14, in Caroline County, Virginia, and emigrated from Kentucky to Henry County, Missouri, about 1855. He married Miss Elizabeth Goff, of Henry County, October 31, 1839. ^Y this union there were five daughters and three sons, living. William George was married February 27, 1882, to Mrs. Sallie J., widow t)f Dr. W. F. Gird- ner, of Daviess County, Missouri. Mrs. G. has one daughter by her former marriage (Fanny Girdner), four years of age. Mr. George is a member of the A. F. & A. M. He is also identified with the Mt. Olivet Baptist Church. His political views are Democratic. REV. WILLIAM A. GRAY was born October 16, 18 15, in Christian County, Kentucky. His father, Joseph Gray, was born in 1777 in Dinwiddle County, Virginia, and was a farmer by occupation. He emigrated near the year 1800 to Kentucky and settled in Christian County, where he remained until 1839. Wil- liam's mother, formerly Matilda Scrieggs, was born in Buckingham County, Virginia, about 1782. They were married in 1800 in Christian County, Kentucky, and had five children. William A. Gray was the youngest of this family. He spent his early life in his native state, receiving a limited education, and in the fall of 1836 left home and went on a prospecting tour to the present Henry County, where he remained nearly two years. Returning to his native state, he passed one year there, making the final preparations for a future and permanent home in Missouri. He was married November 18, 1838, to Miss Mary Lofftus, of Christian County, Kentucky. By this union there were thirteen children, eleven sons and two daughters. In the year of 1839 he entered a tract of 160 acres of land, his parents also becoming residents of the county about the same time. Mr. Gray commenced school teaching in 1836, 8 14 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. previous to his coming here, and followed the calling for about fifteen years. His first school in Missouri was taught in Tebo Township. In June of 1843 he became identified with the Baptist Church of Clear Creek, Benton County, and from a sense of duty soon turned his atten- tion to the ministry, and, being encouraged by the church, proceeded to the work of preparation and began the study of theology, though under the most adverse circumstances, as he was compelled to go through the process of self-education in the then new country of his adoption. He was licensed in November, 1843, and was ordained in January, 1844, by Revs. J. T. Ricketts and W. P. Caldwell, and he commenced his life work immediately. His first text was: " Fear not, little flock, for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom." The citizens of Henry, Benton, Pettis, Johnson, St. Clair, Bates and Vernon Counties have long known Pastor Gray, many of whom have sat under and listened with pleasure and satisfaction to his preaching. Mrs. Gray died August i, i860, leaving twelve children. Mr. Gray was married again November 19, i860, to Mary A. Bibb, of Benton County. There were five children born to them. Though having devoted much of his time to the minis- try, with but little pecuniary compensation, he has been greatly pros- perous. His house was demolished April 7, 1842, by a cyclone, leaving no article of furniture nor vestige of household goods. A little child was snatched from its cradle only in time to save it from certain death, as the cradle was instantly filled with the debris of the falling house. Mr. Gray, in his attempt to reach the residence, was struck with a piece of flying timber, and fell crushed and bleeding, and his narrow escape is shown by the scar upon his head to this day. The neighbors restored his house, and he looks back with grateful remembrance to the kindness shown him and his family. He preached unmolested during the period of the war, and though men sought to intimidate, he fearlessly pro- claimed the gospel to those who chose to listen. He has perhaps preached over 5,000 sermons, besides performing extra duties in the community, which have been frequent. His second wife died June 10, 1875. On November 20, 1877, he married Martha M. Fewell, of Benton County, but originally from North Carolina. He has, without doubt, baptised more than a thousand candidates, and could give us no idea of the number of marriage rites performed during his long ministry. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Dr. J. W. Gray, son of Rev. Wm. A. Gray, was born February 20, 1840, in Springfield Township, Henry County, Missouri. During the years of 1856, '57 and '58, he attended the college at Calhoun, Henry County, conducted by the Tebo Baptist Association. On leaving the school, he commenced the study of medicine at Calhoun, Dr. Robert Hogan of that place being his preceptor. He continued his studies BIOGRAPHICAL. 8l$ during the years of- 1859 ^'"^d '60. and was interrupted in 1861 by the opening of the war. He suspended study for several months, giving his attention to the management of the tarm at home. In. November, i86i^ he resumed his studies with Dr. Alfred Head, of Benton County, andi passed nearly two years under that preceptor. He attended medical! lectures at St. Louis, Missouri. In the spring of 1864, he commenced the practice of his profession at Windsor, in Henry County. He was married in September, 1864, to Miss Clara Elizabeth Head, of Millers- burg, Callaway County, and a daughter of Dr. Alfred Head. They have six children. Dr. Gray continued his practice at Windsor for twelve years, when he removed to Springfield Township, this county, buying 235 acres of the old homstead, located on section 15. Besides attending to a large practice, he has charge of his farm, and is also engaged in general stock raising. He is a member of the Masonic order, and politically he is a Democrat. JOHN GOFF was born January 13, 1817, in Williamson County, Tennessee, being the son of William Goff, who was born June 18, 1783, in Washington County,. Virginia. He emigrated with his parents, when a small boy, to Wil- liamson County, Tennessee, where the family remained until 1830. His mother, whose maiden name was Edith Walker, was born August 14^ 1787, in Culpeper County, Virginia. They were married February 7^ 1805, and to them were born thirteen children, of whom three are living. They moved from Williamson County, Tennessee, in 1830, to Saline County, Missouri, and bought a tract of 120 acres, residing upon it for three years and a half, when, selling the farm, they came to what is now Henry County, on April 10, 1834. They purchased 200 acres of land in Tebo (now Springfield) Township, where they lived until they departed this life. William Goff died September 26, 1842, and his wife died October ii, 1843. He was one of the first judges of the county, three having been appointed at the same time. He served for six years in that capacity, or nearly up to the time of his demise, resigning on account of ill health just prior to his death. He held one of the first post offices in the county, there being two established at the same date. The other postmaster was Thomas B. Wallace or his brother, near where Clinton now stands. The subject of this sketch received his education before emigrating with his parents to Missouri. He commenced his struggle with life at the age of seventeen, and then had the care of his father's family, eight in number. He married Miss Mary J. Goff, of Henry County, February 17, 1874. By this union they have but one child, a daughter, six years old. In 1838 Mr. Goff attended the sale of government lands in Henry County, and made purchase of 160 acres, being at the time a resident of Tebo Township, where he stayed until 8l6 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. 1857. Then he moved to his land, and commenced building and improv- ing his farm, and erecting buildings. He subsequently bought lOO acres besides having entered 120 acres. In 1859 he purchased 153 acres for which he received no title until 1865. He possessed at one period more than 500 acres, but has now but 262 acres. His political views are Dem- ocratic. As is mentioned in another part of this work, the early courts were held at the GofT residence. RUEL W. JOHNSON. farmer and stock raiser, was born August 20, 1835, in Wood County, Virginia, his parents being Phineas Johnson, a farmer and blacksmith by trade, born May 6, 1809, in Pennsylvania, and Abigal (Ross) Johnson, born July 25, 1813, and originally from Ohio. They were married Decem- ber 12, 1833, and had eleven children, eight of whom are living. They were residents of Clark County, Missouri, at one time for ten years, removing thence to Henry County. Missouri. The education of R. W., was received in Wood County, Virginia, previous to the age of fourteen years. He left home in i860, and went to Clark County, Missouri, remaining until the following year, when he enlisted under Captain Watts, commander of what was called the Fox Rangers, a regiment of cavalry, which was soon organized into a regiment under Colonel Green, operating during the summer in Northern Missouri. Moving south in the fall, he joined General Price before Lexington, and served with him during the war, finally surrendering at Shreveport, Louisiana. He then returned to Clark County, Missouri, and from there went to McDonald County, Illinois, but a few months later locating in Bolivar County, Mis- sissippi. After a comparatively short time he returned to Missouri, and in less than a year found himself once more in the south, at Jackson, Mississippi. He returned to his father, in Henry County, in August, 1867, and with the senior Johnson joined in farming for nearly seven years. December 15, 1873, he married Mrs. Martha Wears, of Henry County, Missouri. By this union there was but one son. Mrs. J. died May 20, 1875. In 1877, January 20, he married Mrs. Eliza Chalmers, also of this county. They have a farm of forty acres, located on section 29. He was elected a justice of the peace in 1882, but declined to qualify. Politically he is a Democrat. ISAAC M. JOHNSON was born March 12, 1838, in Madison County, Ohio, and was the son of William and Felietia (Hall) Johnson, of the same county. The former was born in 1812. They were married September 27, 1832, and but crecently celebrated their golden wedding in their native place. To BIOGRAPHICAL. 817 them were born nine sons and one daughter, of whom six sons survive. Isaac M. commenced life for himself at the age of nineteen years. He had been quite an extensive traveler, having visited nearly every state in the Union, Canada, the British possessions and the territories. In 1864 he married Miss Inezetta Fasha, of Peoria, Illinois, and they have been blessed with five sons and two daughters. All are living save two sons. In 1870 Mr. Johnson commenced farming in Henry County, Mis- souri, purchasing his first farm of 190 acres, on which he remained two years. Then renting it, he removed with his family to Clinton, and was engaged in shipping live stock to the St. Louis market for four years. Then he made an exchange of property in Clinton for 494 acres of land in this township, and since then he has added thereto from time to time until he now owns a large and most valuable farm of 713 acres. In 1882 he sold his farm in Bethlehem Township. Mr. J. is one of the large cat- tle men of the county, and in this industry has met with far more than ordinary success. He was formerly quite an adapt in rail splitting, hav- ing split 565 rails for fencing purposes in five hours. Politically he is independent. ALEXANDER T. MADDEN wa^ born November 29, 1829, in Champaign County, Ohio. His father, Benjamin Madden, a shoemaker and farmer by occupation, was born in Virginia, and married Miss Charity Turner, who was born in Loudoun County, Virginia, in 1806. They had four children: Ann Eliza, Alexan- der T., John and Sarah. Two only survive. Benjamin Madden died some years since. The subject of this sketch married Miss Mary Jacobs, of Allen County, Ohio, a daughter of Peter and Anna Jacobs, and by this union there have been seven children, and three sons and one daughter are living. Mr. M. came to Henry County, Missouri, in 1865. After farming here five years he went to Jasper County and bought land, and remained there for ten years. In the fall of 1882 he returned to this county where he has since been engaged in farming. Politically he is Democratic. Mrs. M. is connected with the United Brethren Church. JOSEPH MAYGINNES was born October 10, 1830, in Donegal, Westmoreland County, Penn- sylvania, where also his father, A. Mayginnes, was born January 31, 1799. He was a farmer by occupation. His mother, whose maiden name was Jane Garvin, came originally from Berks County, Pennsylvania. They were married in 18 18, and to them were born eleven children. The senior Mayginnes died November 4, 1864, in Shelby County, Ohio. The subject of this sketch received his education in Shelby County in the common schools, and at the age of nineteen he left for Madison County» 53 8l8 HISTORY OF HENRY COUNTY. \ Ohio, in February, 1850, where he was engaged in working as a farm j laborer. In October of the same year he started for Henry County, j Missouri, remaining for six months, or more, and making his home with an older brother for the time. After looking about for a suitable loca- tion, he finally decided to return to Ohio. He was occupied in railroad- j ing for four years. He was married September 3, 1853, to Miss Sarah ] E. Fisher, of Covington, Miami County, Ohio. By this union there '. were ten daughters, all of whom are living. In September, 1856, Mr. M. j settled in Darke County, Ohio, and resumed the occupation of farming eight years, when selling out he removed to Johnson County, Kansas. ! At the expiration of five came to Henry County, Missouri, locating in Springfield Township. He owns 213 acres on section 11. He is enthus- iastic in regard to school matters, and takes great interest in the ■ advancement of education. Mr. Mayginnes and his wife, with five of , his daughters, are members of the Christian Church, at Hayden's Grove. I His political views are Democratic. I ( DAVID MICHAEL PHELPS, ! i farmer, section 3, was born January 31, 1842, in St. Clair County, Illi- i nois. His father, Michael Phelps, who was born in Knoxville, Tennes- I see, in 1797, was married in September, 1820 or 182 1, to Miss Ruth Luns- | ford, of St. Clair County, Illinois. They had thirteen children. Mrs. i Phelps died June 2, 1862, and Mr. P. was again married February 8, 1867, I to Miss Margaret Alexander, also of St. Clair County, Illinois. By the ' second union there was one son. David M. Phelps, the second son in , his father's family, received but a common English education in youth, \ commencing life for himself at the age of nineteen as a farm laborer. He was married March 17, 1864, to Miss Louisa Moore, of Belleville, St. , Clair County. Illinois. They have had four children, three of whom are ' living. In November, 1868, Mr. and Mrs. P. emigrated to Johnson ■ County, Missouri, where he purchased a farm of 120 acres, remaining i there for three years. He then came to Henry County and purchased the farm on which he now lives. Politically, he is a Democrat. HENRY LAWRENCE SETTLE, | I was born December 20, 1834, in Howard County, Missouri, and was the i son of William Henry Settle, born December 26, 181 1, in Frankford, Vir- 1 ginia. He immigrated with his parents to Howard County, Missouri, at | the age of eleven years. His mother, formerly Margaret. Crews, was j born August 28, 181";, in Scott County, Kentucky. She removed with ' her father's family to Howard County, Missouri, in 1826. They were < married in August, 1833, in that county, and by this union there were ] BIOGRAPHICAL. 819 - six children, four sons and one daughter, now living, the latter now a resident of Boone County. The sons all live in Howard County, except Henry L., who has for twenty-six years been a citizen of Henry County. His mother died December 7, 1878. He received his education in How- ard County before leaving his father's home, and in April, 1857, ^^ came to Henry County, and bought a tract of 400 acres, where he still resides. He was married May 4, 1858, to Miss Miranda Bradley, of this county. They have ten children. In the culture of broom corn he stands among the first in this neighborhood. He has been for two terms township assessor, and for many years director of schools in his district. He, his wife,' and two daughters are connected with the Christian Church at Hayden's Grove, Benton County. His political views are Democratic. JOEL STREIBY, farmer and stock raiser, was born February 7, 1840, in Kosciusko County, Indiana. His father, Wm. Streiby, was born in 1810, in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, as was also his mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Conrad. She was born in 1812. They were married in December, 183c* and by this union there were twelve children, ten of whom are living. They emigrated from Ohio to Indiana in 1833. The subject of this sketch received his education in his native county, and in April, 1861, enlisted in Company E, Twelfth Indiana Infantry Volunteers, as a pri- vate, Captain Williams, of Warsaw, Indiana, commanding. He remained with this regiment for four months, when it was transferred to the United States service, and he served for the remainder of that year,, when the regiment was regularly discharged at Washington. He re-enlisted in the fall of 1862, in Company I, Fiftieth Indiana Infantry,, and Avas appointed corporal, the regiment joining the Cumberland Divis- ion under General Thomas, serving in that capacity for several months.. He was appointed sergeant, holding the position during the remainder of the war. In July, 1865, his army corps was ordered to Texas, and remained there for four months, when they were regular discharged near San Antonio, thence returning to Indiana. Mr. Streiby was mar- ried December 21, 1865, to Miss Melvina Norris, of Kosciusko County, Indiana. They had four children, three of whom survive. In the fall of 1865, Mr. S. bought a farm in Cass County, Michigan, and in March,. 1866, removed to that state, where he stopped for three years, then retraced his steps to his native state, taking charge of his father's farm and affairs. He remained there for two years, when with his family he came to Henry County, Missouri, and purchased lOO acres of land. Since that time he has continued to be engaged in farming and general stock raising. He is one of the reliable men of this vicinity. In 1878 he was elected township trustee. His political preferences are Republican. 820 HISTORY OK HENRY COUNTY. JOSEPH WILLIAMS was born September 6, 1833, in Green County, Kentucky, as was also his parents, William A. and Anna (Pettus) Williams. The former was born in 1788 and the latter in 1792. They were married in 1809, and to them were born fourteen children, of whom eight are living. They emigrated in an early day to Tennessee near Nar.hville, and in 1835 removed to Johnson County, Missouri. Mr. Williams died in 1848, and his wife in 1854. Joseph Williams commenced life for himself at the age of sixteen as a farm laborer, which occupation he has since followed. June 5, 1855, he married Mrs. Elizabeth Williams, widow of Thomas Williams, of Johnson County. By this union there was one daughter. Mrs. Wil- liams died March 13, 1856. February 8, 1859, he married Miss Sarah E. Perkins, of Jefferson, Johnson County. They had thirteen children, nine of whom are now living. In March of the same year Mr. Williams moved to Bates County, Missouri. In two years he enlisted in the con- federate army and served until the close of the war, when he was dis- charged at Shreveport, Louisiana. He returned to his family in Mis- souri and farmed in Johnson County until 1872, when he came to Henry County. In 1875 he removed to Shelbj-ville, Shelby County. After one year he returned to Henry County and settled near Calhoun, and lived there five years, but owing to sickness in his family removed to Spring- field Township, where he bought ninety-five acres of land on section 30. Here he has since been engaged in farming, Mr. Williams is a mem- ber of the Masonic order. Himself, wife and one daughter are identi- fied with the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (Bronaugh Chapel). Polit- ically he is a Democrat. History of St. Clair County. CHAPTER I. THE VALLEY OF THE OSAGE— THE DAWN OF CIVILIZA- TION. SOUTHWEST MISSOURI— THE VANGUARD OF PROGRESSS— FROM 1830 TO 1840— HOUSE AND HOME COMFORTS— THE DAYS GIVEN TO CELEBRATION— FARMING TOOLS— THE BULL PLOWS— MILLS AND TRADING POINTS- HUNTING AND TRAPPING-THE HONEY BEE AND THE BEE TREE— INDIAN SIGN OF THE COMING OF THE PALE- FACES. THE DAWN OF CIVILIZAIION. In the heart of the grand old forest, A thousand miles to the west, Where a stream gushed out from the hillside, They halted at last for rest. And the silence of ages listened To the ax strike loud and dear, Divining a kingly presence In the tread of the pioneer. He formed of the prostrate branches A house that was strong and good ; The roof was of reeds from the streamlet, The chimney he built of wood; And there, by the winter fireside. While the flames up ihe chimney roared, He spoke of the good time coming, When plenty should crown his board. When the forest should fade like a vision And over the hillside and plain The orchard would spring in its beauty And the fields of golden grain. And tonight he sits by the fireside In a mansion quaint and old. With his children's children around him. Having reaped a thousanaiold. 822 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. What a splendid country is this Southwestern Missouri! Unsur- passed in the glory of its landscape and the equability of its climate, in the abundance and purity of its waters and the wealth of its soil, native grasses and coal fields, it offers to the capitalist, fanner and manufac- turer one of the grandest fields of enterprise between New York har- bor and the Golden Gate. In the heart of this beautiful region and in the beautiful valley of the Osage lies St. Clair County. Here was the famous hunting ground of the Osages and other tribes of Indians; here they drank of its healing waters; here they built their wigwams, and, until the palefaces came, were monarchs of all. But civilization had dawned, the East had become perfect day, and the star of the empire had taken up its march and westward wended its way. Nature had been lavish of her gifts. The woodlands and the prairies were filled with game, and the Indians were loth to part with the magnificent coun- try, the heritage of centuries, but the unfettered white man came and the red man was despoiled of his hunting ground. He left it, but not always in peace, and the hatchet and scalping knife have left many a crimson stain to attest the love of the Indian for the home of his fathers. There were but few of the children of the forest left in this section, and they were friendly when the first white man trod the soil of St. Clair County. The log cabin of the pioneer took the place of the Indian wigwams, and the beautiful valley of the Osage soon resounded to the music of the woodman's ax, the crack of his unerring rifle, and the grand old hills and magnificent prairies began to echo with the voice of civilization, and its fruitful soil returning to the pioneer a bounteous return for his labor. THE VANGUARD OF PROGRESS. The advance guard of the army of progress, the heroic and self- sacrificing band ot pioneers now took possession of the country. They — whose place is ever to the front of progress — began blazing the way which was to guide the grand army of occupation, an army imbued with that spirit of faith which builds and populates a country and makes it great and prosperous. There is such an expression as " those good old times," referring to the early history of our county, but the people of to-day have little knowledge, and less realization of the trials, troubles and privations of the early pioneer. The men and women of to-day may well leel thankful that they need not go through the bitter trials and dangers of the past to find the comfort of a home, and that they and their children have escaped the rude and scantily furnished cabin, and the privations and vexations of the lives of those early settlers. The few of these old pioneers who have been left to us should receive all the care that loving hearts can give. Years of devotion is but a small HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 823 recompense for the heroic sacrifice they have made in engrafting civili- zation and progress upon the soil of St. Clair County. FROM 1830 TO 1840. During the decade which embraces the first ten years of its history, the settlement of St. Clair County was in the earliest stages of pioneer life. In those days the people took no care to preserve history. They were too busily engaged in making it. Historically speaking they were the most important years of the county, for it was then that the founda- tion and corner stone of all the county's history and prospects were laid. Yet, this history is not remarkable for stirring events. It was, how- ever, a time of self-reliance and brave, persevering toil ; of privations cheerfully endured through faith in a good time coming. The experience of one settler was just about the same as that of others. They were almost invariably poor, they faced the same hardships and stood gen- erally on an equal footing. All the experience of the early pioneers of this county goes far to confirm the theory that, after all, happiness is pretty evenly balanced in this world. They had their privations and hardships, but they had also their own peculiar joys. If they were poor, they were free from the bur- den of pride and vanity; free also from the anxiety and care that always attends the possession of wealth. Other people's eyes cost them noth- ing. If they had few neighbors, they were on the best of terms with those they had. Envy, jealousy and strife had not crept in. A common interest and a common sympathy bound them together with the strong- est ties. They were a little world to themselves, and the good feeling that prevailed was all the stronger because they were so far removed from the great world of the east. Among these pioneers there was realized such a community of inter- est that there existed a community of feeling. There were no castes, except an aristocracy of benevolence, and no nobility, except a nobility of generosity. They were bound together with such a strong bond of sympathy, inspired by the consciousness of common hardship that they were practically communists. Neighbors did not even wait for an invitation or request to help one another. Was a settler's cabin burned or blown down ? No sooner was the fact known throughout the neighborhood than the settlers assembled to assist the unfortunate one to rebuild his home. They came with as little hesitation, and with as much alacrity as though they were all mem- bers of the same family and bound together by ties of blood. One man's interest was every other man's interest. Now this general state of feeling among the pioneers was by no means peculiar to these coun- 824 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. ties, although it was strongly illustrated here. It prevailed generally throughout the west during the time of the early settlement. The very nature of things taught the settlers the necessity of dwelling together in this spirit. It was their only protection. They had come far away from the well established reign of law, and entered a new country, where the civil authority was still feeble and totally unable to afford protection and redress grievances. Here the settlers lived some little time before there was an officer of the law in the county. Each man's protection was in the good will and friendship of those about him, and the thing any man might well dread was the ill will of the community. It was more ter- rible than the law. It was no uncommon thing in the early times for hardened men, who had no fears of jails or penitentiaries, to stand in great fear of the indignation of a pioneer community. HOUSE AND HOME COMFORTS. The first buildings in the county were not just like the log cabins that immediately succeeded them. The latter required some help and a good deal of labor to build. The very first buildings constructed were a cross between "hoop cabins" and Indian bark huts. As soon as enough men could be got together for a " cabin raising," then log cabins were in style. Many a pioneer can remember the happiest time of his life as that when he lived in one of these homely but comfortable old cabins. A window with sash and glass was a rarity, and was an evidence of wealth and aristocracy which but few could support. They were often made with greased paper put over the window, which admitted a little light, but more often there was nothing whatever over it, or the cracks between the logs, without either chinking or daubing, were the depend- ence for light and air. The doors were fastened with old-fashioned wooden latches, and for a friend, or neighbor, or traveler, the string always hung out, for the pioneers of the West were hospitable, and enter- tained visitors to the best of their ability. It is noticeable with what affection the pioneers speak of their old log cabins. It may be doubted whether palaces ever sheltered happier hearts than those homely cabins. They were made of logs, notched together at the corners, ribbed with poles and covered with boards split from a tree. A puncheon floor laid down, a hole cut in the end and a stick chimney run up. A clap- board door is made, a window is opened by cutting out a hole in the side or end two feet square, and finished with glass or transparency. The house is then "chinked" and "daubed" with mud. The cabin is now ready. The household and kitchen furniture is adjusted, and life on the frontier is begun in earnest. The one legged bedstead, now a piece of furniture of the past, was made by cutting a stick the proper length, boring holes at one end one HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 825 and a half inches in diameter, at right angles, and the same sized holes corresponding with those in the logs of the cabin the length and breadth desired for the bed, in which are inserted poles. Upon these poles clapboards are laid, or linn bark is interwoven consecutively from pole to pole. Upon this primitive structure the bed is laid. The convenience of a cook stove was not thought of, but instead the cooking was done by the faithful housewife in pots, kettles and skil- lets, on and about the big fireplace, and very frequently over and around, too, the distended pedal extremities of the legal sovereign of the house- hold, while the latter was indulging in the luxuries of the cob pipe, and discussing the probable results of a contemplated deer hunt on the Osage and its tributary, the Sac River. These log cabins were really not so bad after all. The people of to-day, familiarized with cooking stoves and ranges, would be ill at home were they compelled to prepare a meal with no other conveniences than those provided in a pioneer cabin. Rude fire- places were built in chimneys composed of mud and sticks, or at best, undressed stone. These fire-places served for heating and cooking pur- poses; also for ventilation. Around the cheerful blaze of this fire the meal was prepared, and these meals were not so bad either. As elsewhere remarked, they were not such as would tempt the epicure, but such as afforded the most healthful nourishment for a race of people who were driven to exposure and hardships which were their lot. We hear of few dyspeptics in those days. Another advantage of these cooking arrangements was that the stovepipe never fell down, and the pioneer was spared being subjected to the most trying of ordeals, and one probably more productive of profanity than any other. Before the country became supplied with mills, and even in some instances afterward, hominy-blocks were used. These exist now only in the memory of the oldest settlers, but as relics of the " long ago," a description of them will not be uninteresting: A tree of suitable size, say from eighteen inches to two feet in diameter, was selected in the forest and felled to the ground. If a cross- cut saw happened to be convenient, the tree was " butted " — that is, the kerf end was sawed off so that it would stand steady when ready for use. If there was no cross-cut saw in the neighborhood, strong arms and sharp axes were ready to do the work. Then the proper length, from four to five feet, was measured off and sawed or cut square. When this was done the block was raised on end and the work of cutting out a hollow in one of the ends was commenced. This was generally done with a common chopping axe. Sometimes a smaller one was used. When the cavity was judged to be large enough, a fire was built in it and carefully watched till the ragged edges were burned away. When com- pleted the hominy block somewhat resembled a druggist's mortar. Then S26 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. a pestle, or something to crush thej^corn was necessary. This was usually made from a suitably sized piece of timber, with an iron wedge attached, the large end down. This completed the machinery, and the block was ready for use. Sometimes one hominy block accommodated an entire neighborhood, and was the means of staying the hunger of many mouths. In giving the bill of fare above we should have added 7;/^^/, for of this they had plenty. Deer would be seen daily trooping over the prairie in droves of from twelve to twenty, and sometimes as many as fifty would be seen grazing together. Elk were also found, and wild turkeys and prairie chickens without number. Bears were not unknown. Music of the natural order was not wanting, and every night the pioneers were lulled to rest by the screeching of panthers and the howling of wolves. When the dogs ventured too far out froip the cabins at night, they would be driven back by the wolves chasing them up to the very cabin doors. Trapping wolves became a very profitable business after the state began to pay a bounty for wolf scalps. All the streams of water also abounded in fish, and a good supply of these could be procured at the expense of a little time and labor. Those who years ago improved the fishing advantages of the country never tire telling of the dainty meals which the streams afforded. No danger then of being ordered off a man's premises or arrested for trespass. One of the peculiar circumstances that surrounded the early life of the pioneers was a strange loneliness. The solitude seemed almost to oppress them. Months would pass during which they would scarcely see a human face outside of their own families. On occasions of special interest, such as election, holiday celebra- tions, or camp-meetings, it was nothing unusual for a few settlers who lived in the immediate neighborhood of the meeting to entertain scores of those who had come from a distance. Rough and rude though the surroundings may have been, the pio- neers were none the less sincere, hospitable and kind in their relations. It is true as a rule, and of universal application, that there is a greater degree of real humanity among the pioneers of any country than there is when the country becomes old and rich. If there is an absence of refinement, that absence is more than compensated in the presence of generous hearts and truthful lives. They are bold, industrious and enterprising. Generally speaking, they are earnest thinkers, and possess- ed of a diversified fund of useful, practical information. They hate cowards and shams of every kind, and above all things, falsehoods and deception, and cultivate an integrity which seldom permits them to prostitute themselves to a narrow policy of imposture. A few of them yet remain, and although some of their descendants are among the wealthy and most substantial people of the county, they have not forgotten their old HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 827 time hospitality and free and easy ways. In contrasting the present social affairs with pioneer times, one has well said : "Then, if a house was to be raised, every man ' turned out,' and often the woman too, and while the men piled up the logs that fashioned the primitive dwelling-place, the women prepared the dinner. Some- times it was cooked by big log fires near the site where the cabin was building; in other cases it was prepared at the nearest cabin, and at the proper hour was carried to where the men were at work. If one man in the neighborhood killed a beef, a pig or a deer, every other family in the neighborhood was sure to receive a piece." Of the old settlers, some are still living in the county, in the enjoy- ment of the fortunes they founded in early times, " having reaped an hundred-fold." Others have passed away, and many of them will not long survive. Several of them have gone to the Far West, and are still playing the part of pioneers. But wherever they may be, whatever fate may betide them, it is but truth to say that they were excellent men, as a class, and have left a deep and enduring impression upon the county and the state. " They builded better than they knew." They were, of course, men of activity and energy, or they would never have decided to face the trials of pioneer life. They were almost invariably poor, but the lessons taught them in the early days were of such a character that few of them remained so. They made their mistakes in business pur- suits like other men. Scarcely one of them but allowed golden oppor- tunities for pecuniary profit, at least to pass by unheeded. What are now some of the choicest farms in Henry and St. Clair Counties, were not taken up by the pioneers, who preferred land of very much less value. They have seen many of their prophecies fulfilled, and others come to naught. Whether they have attained the success they desired, their own hearts can tell. At that time it certainly would have been much more difficult for those old settlers to understand how it could be possible that thirty-five years hence, the citizens of the present age of the county's progress would be complaining of hard times and destitution, and that they them- selves perhaps, would be among that number, than it is now for us to appreciate how they could feel so cheerful and contented with their meagre means and humble lot of hardships and deprivations during those early pioneer days. The secret was, doubtless, that they lived within their means, how- ever limited, not coveting more of luxury and comfort than their income would afford, and the natural result wa,s prosperity and contentment, with always room for one more stranger at the fireside, and a cordial welcome to a place at their table for even the most hungry guest. It is sometimes remarked that there were no places for public enter- tainment till later years. The fact is, there were many such places, in 828 ■ HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. fact, every cabin was a place of entertainment, and these hotels were sometimes crowded to their utmost capacity. On such occasions, when bedtime came, the first family would take the back part of the cabin, and so continue filling up by families, until the limit was reached. The young- men slept in the wagon outside. In the morning, those nearest the door arose first and went outside to dress. Meals were served on the end of a wagon, and consisted of corn bread, buttermilk and fat pork, and occa- sionally coffee, to take away the morning chill. On Sundays, for a change, they had bread made of wheat " tramped out " oh the ground by horses, cleaned with a sheet and pounded by hand. This was the best^ the most fastidious they could obtain, and this only one day in seven. It was necessary that they should raise enough sod corn to take them through the coming winter, and also get as much breaking done as pos- sible. They brought with them enough corn to give the horses an occa- sional feed in order to keep them able for hard work, but in the main they had to live on prairie grass. The cattle got nothing else than grass. AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. An interesting comparison might be drawn between the conveni- ences which now make the life of a farmer a comparatively easy one, and the almost total lack of such conveniences in early days. The only plows they had at first were what they styled "bull plows."' The mould-boards were generally of wood, but in some cases they were half wood and half iron. The man who had one of the latter descrip- tion was looked upon as something of an aristocrat. But these old "bull plows" did good service, and they must be awarded the honor of first stirring the soil of St. Clair County, as well as that of all the first-class counties of this state. The amount of money which some farmers annually invest in agri- cultural implements would have kept the pioneer farmer in farming utensils during a whole lifetime. The pioneer farmer invested little money in such things, because they had little money to spare, and then again because the expensive machinery now used would not have been at all adapted to the requirements of pioneer farming. The "bull plow" was probably better adapted to the fields abounding in stumps and roots than would the modern sulky plow have been, and the old-fashioned wheat cradle did better execution than would a modern harvester under like circumstances. The prairies were seldom settled till after the pio- neer period, and that portion of the country which was the hardest to put under cultivation, and the most difficult to cultivate after it was improved, first was cultivated. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 829 MILLS AND TRADING POINTS. Notwithstanding the fact that some of the early settlers were ener- getic millwrights, who employed all their energy and what means they possessed in erecting mills at a few of the many favorite mill sites which abound in the county; yet going to mill in those days, when there were no roads, no bridges, no ferry boats, and scarcely any conveniences for traveling, was no small task where so many rivers and treacherous streams were to be crossed, and such a trip was often attended with great dan- ger to the traveler when these streams were swollen beyond their banks. But even under these circumstances some of the more adventurous and ingenious ones, in case of emergency, found the ways and means by which to cross the swollen streams and succeed in making the trip. At other times again all attempts failed them, and they were compelled to remain at home until the waters subsided and depend on the generosity of their fortunate neighbors. Some stories are related with regard to the danger, perils and hard- ships of forced travels to mills and for provisions, which remind one of forced marches in military campaigns, and when we hear of the heroic and daring conduct of the hardy pioneers in procuring bread for their loved ones, we think that here were heroes more valiant than any of the renowned soldiers of ancient or modern times. Not a railroad had yet entered the state, and there was scarcely a thought in the minds of the people here of such a thing ever reaching the wild West; and, if thought of, people had no conception of what a revolution a railroad and telegraph line through the county, would cause in its progress. Then there was less than 5,000 miles of railroad in the United States, and not a mile of track laid on this side of the Missis- sippi River, while now there are over 100,000 miles of railroad extend- ing their trunks and branches in every direction over our land. Supplies in those days were obtained at Harmony Mission and at Boonville. Mail was carried by river, wagon and on horseback. HUNTING AND TRAPPING. The sports and means of recreation were not so numerous and varied among the early settlers, as at present, but they were more enjoyable and invigorating than now. Hunters now-a-days would be only too glad to be able to find and enjoy their favorable opportunity for hunting and fishing, and even travel many miles, counting it rare pleasure to spend a few weeks on the water courses and wild prairies, in hunt and chase and fishing frolics, where not half so good hunting and fishing sport are furnished as was in this vicinity twenty-five and forty years ago. There were a good many 830 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. excellent hunters here at an early day, who enjoyed the sport as well as any can at the present time. Wild animals of almost every species known in the wilds of the West were found in great abundance. The prairies, and woods, and streams, and various bodies of water, were all thickly inhabited before the white man came and for some time afterward. Although the Indians slew many of them, yet the natural law prevailed here as well as else- where — " wild man and wild beast thrive together." Serpents were to be found in such large numbers, and of such immense size that some stories told by the early settlers would be incredible were it not for the large array of concurrent testimony, which is to be had from the most authentic sources. Deer, turkeys, ducks, geese, squirrels and various other kinds of choice game were plentiful and to be had at the expense of killing only. The fur animals were abundant; such as the otter, beaver, mink, muskrat, raccoon, panther, fox, wolf, wild-cat and bear. An old resident of the county told us, that in 1840, while he was traveling a distance of six miles, he saw as many as seventy-three deer in herds of from six to ten. He being an excellent rifle shot, could step out at any time and return with a fine buck for dinner. He had killed ten deer in two days. HUNTING BEE TREES. Another source of profitable recreation among the old settlers was that of hunting bees. • The forests along the water courses were especi- ally prolific of bee trees. They were found in great numbers on the different forks of Grand River, and in fact on all the important streams in the two counties. Many of the early settlers, during the late sum- mer, would go into camp for days at a time, for the purpose of hunting and securing the honey of the wild bees, which was not only extremely rich and found in great abundance, but always commanded a good price in the home market. The Indians have ever regarded the honey-bee as the forerunner of the white man, while it is a conceded fact that the quail always follows the footprints of civilization. CHAPTER 11. PIONEERS AND PROGRESS. THE PIONEERS-THE FIRST SETTLER-JACOB COONCE-HIS NEIGHBORS-LARGE ANIMALS- —THE APPLEGATES-THE FIRST SENATOR, JOSEPH MONTGOMERY— TABER AND HER SETTLERS— THE LAND OF THE FOREST KING-MONEGAW SPRINGS— EARLY POLITICAL HISTORY— FROM 1S35 TO 1S41— WEAUBLEAU AND MONEGAW— ROADS— 'INDIAN RAID— ALL OTHER POINTS— VARIOUS THINGS— ITEMS OF INTEREST. THE PIONEERS. Having given something of the troubles and trials, pleasures and vexations of the old pioneers, let us see who it was that led the van of progress, that blazed the way for civilization and Christianity, that these might cover a wider and more extended field, and who with nerve and brawn gave life to the wilderness, and marked the commencement of the era of material progress. JACOB COONCE. A name very familiar to the people of St. Clair County, is that of Jacob Coonce, a hunter of note, who when the sharp crack of his rifle was heard knew that death had found another victim, hunted through the hills and valleys of the Osage "^and the Sac as early as 1827. He was the type of the western hunter and trapper, and a sturdy pioneer, who reveled in the wild freedom of his western home. He was not all hunter- He had an eye for the beautiful country through which he traveled, as well as for the sight upon his never failing rifle, and as early as the year above spoken of he had marked the spot, or near it, where he had made up his mind would become his future home. In the year 183 1 Jacob Coonce erected the first cabin in the county of St. Clair. This cabin stood on the northwest quarter of section ii^ nearly a mile and a half west of the Sac River, in what is now Roscoe Township, in congressional township IJ, of range 26. It was here the pioneer leader first drove his stake, and it was on that land that the first corn was raised in St. Clair County. But this was not the spot which he had chosen for his home, when on his hunting expeditions, but he stopped a twelve months, and at last found it near Brush Creek, in what is now Washington Township, where he removed in the spring of 1832, and made it his future home. He still made hunting his principal 832 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. work, and in that early day the flint lock was about the only one in use, but the cap lock began to appear and Coonce concluded to have the lock on "Betsey" changed to a percussion lock, and in 1834 on a trip to St. Louis, which he took on horseback, he stopped at Robert H. Sproull's, then a resident of Henry County, living some six miles from Calhoun in Springfield Township, and a gunsmith by trade, to know if he could change the lock for him, and he would call for it on his return from St. Louis. SprouU agreed to do the job, and "Betsey" was left in his care. At that time Coonce wore moccasins, buckskin breeches, a coonskin cap, and had a large blanket, in those days called Indian blankets, thrown over his shoulders. He was rough looking, but the man was there. On his return he called for his rifle, and on receiving it patted it affectionately and said, "Old Bet, you and I have never been parted so long, and we won't be again." Then loading his rifle and trying on a cap, caught sight of a squirrel on the top of a tree, drew his gun to his shoul- der, the cap proved good and the squirrel family claimed a dead relative. Coonce smiled, turned to SprouU and said, "She is all right," and rode away. This was in the spring of 1834. Elijah Wamsley, Peter Francis and Dick DeShazo, Sanders Nance and others, were his neighbors. OTHER SETTLERS. Mr. Coonce did not run St. Clair County for any great length of time all alone. There were other palefaces who were anxious to pre- empt a few acres of this glorious domain, from which the Indians had departed. The fall and winter of 1833 witnessed the arrival of Ebenezer Gash and Wm. M. Gash, the latter with a large family, who settled on Coon Creek, now Doyal Township. Then came the Culbertsons in 1835, — Isaac, Joseph and Ira, — and still later came James and Robert Gardner, the latter the father of Dr. J. Wade Gardner, now and for years past a prominent citizen of Osceola and St. Clair County. Robert Gardner settled in what is now Collins Township, and James in Doyal, in the year 1838. Burdett Salm also settled on Coon Creek, near the Gashes. Joseph Gash was another brother. Thomas Piper, Daniel Brandt and Nicholas McMinn, with others, were known as living down in the Coon Creek settlement. SAC RIVER SETTLEMENT. On Sac River, in the forks, were Dan, Joe and Calvin Waldo, who came to this county among the first settlers, and lived in what is now Doyal Township, although Daniel Waldo purchased on the west side of Sac River, in Roscoe Township. That bend was known as Dan Waldo Bend, while Calvin bought the bend on the east side, or in Osceola Township, and was called the Cal. Waldo Bend. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 833 It was in this bend that the first store was established in St. Clair County outside of Osceola, and was the second store in the county, Cal- vin Waldo being the proprietor. On the forks of Sac River were Hill, Bob and John Burch and Nathaniel Bell. A. H. Wilkerson and Wash and Henry Whitlow, canrie about the same time. Old man Ward settled the place where Dr. Cox and Avery B. Howard afterward built the mill that is known as the Howard or Ritchie Mill. On the Weaubleau lived the widow Clarkson and William Clarkson, George McFarland, Simeon Boston, Henry Earl, James Gardner and Elija Rice, brother of the late Judge Rice; Jonas Musgrove, after whom the Musgrove Ford took its name; Joseph Coslow, who was the first set- tler on the farm now owned by Dr. Whaley, and Eliza Bucket, who set- tled just across the river from Coslow. Many of the old settlers will remember him as the first pill maker in the county. James Gardner, above spoken of, was the first justice of the peace of Weaubleau Township, St. Clair County, and was elected December 10, 1835. Andy Jones, of unsavory reputation, lived in this section. He was a great lover of horseflesh and was not over particular who it belonged to, and seldom went through the form of a purchase in securing it. He soon after emigrated. As his character became known the air seemed to grow oppressive, and in those days they cured a man of his propen- sities for other people's property by an invitation to emigrate or by a tightening of the jugular vein. Both remedies were a sure cure; the lat- ter, however, was the most permanent. Dr. Kelso and brothers were the first settlers of the Hoffman Bend section. The Kelso family consisted of old Andrew Kelso, John, Ben- jamin and Andrew, Jr, and an old man named Cassidy, who was a brother-in-law of Kelso, Sr. This family was considered pretty shrewd, and was inclined to make the most of their opportunities. This caused some feeling among their neighbors. They were charged with trying to secure the pre-emption claims of some of their neighbors, and they were invited to leave that portion of the country. It is said that Jesse Applegate was one of the settlers who waited upon them and gave them to understand that they had better seek a more congenial clime, or in case they did not grape vines were plentiful and the thickets dense. Soon after this the Kelsos emigrated up the river. When the Kelsos left, David Hoffman, who came from Virginia, set- tled near Roscoe, in 1836. He bought the Kelso place and started what is known to this day as Hoffman's Ferry, in 1839. At a session of the Rives, now Henry, County Court, on the 5th day of December, 1839, David Hoffman presented his petition to start a ferry across the Osage 53 834 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. \ River. It was granted him, with the privilege of making the following charges for ferryage: Four horse wagon, $i; man and horse, 25c; sin- ' gle horse, I2.^c; footman, I2^c; three horse wagon, 75c; two horse wagon, 50c; one horse dearbon, S7^c; cattle sheep and hogs, 3c each. i THE FIRST SENATOR. , I Then right across the river, or rather on the west side, lived Joseph Montgomery, who settled in what is now Springfield Township, Henry County, in the year 1834. He was one ot the first county judges of that county, its first sur- veyor, and afterwards, in 1838, the first senator from this senatorial dis- j trict. He was a Virginian by birth, and was a member of the legisla- ' turc of that commonwealth before his removal west. He settled on | section 6, township 37, range 26, and was prominent in the affairs of this | county in its early days. I John Perry, John Armingtrout, Robert Burch, John Burch and Nathaniel Bell were all settlers in 1835 and 1836, in what is now Roscoe Township. Jesse Applegate, Charles Applegate and Lindsey Apple- * gate were among these early settlers about 1834. Jesse Applegate was 1 a surveyor of note, and surveyed a good part of this country for the United States Government, finishing in 1838. At the time of the loca- tion of the county seat, the Applegate interest was out voted, and they became disgusted. They never entirely got over it, and in 1844, all three ', of the Applegates and Daniel Waldo removed to Oregon. A son of Jesse Applegate, Jesse A. Applegate, was the guide of the army that captured Captain Jack and his band of Modocs, in the lava beds. Theoderic Snuffer settled about one and a half miles north of Huff- man's Ferry, being neighbor to the Applegates and Montgomery. In I fact, all were neighbors in those days who lived within ten miles of each other. Near the ferry settled an old man by the name of Palmer, and in the low lands north of Huffman's Bend, in 1838, lived the widow Russel ' and several sons, David Cayens and David Moore. South of the river, ; and on what is now known as the Todd place, south of Roscoe, lived John Smith. He had fame as well as the John Smith of Pocahontas fame. The latter, however, our John Smith, was famous for making an . article called "Peach Brandy," and when there was a little honey mixed with it, it was looked upon in those days as a nectar for the gods. John Smith had numerous callers. In that vicinity was also found Joseph 1 Glenn, Staley Copenhaver and John and Sabe Cringer. John Cringer j was the father-in-law of the eminent Dr. James Smith, who was shot 1 and killed in 1850 by Marcellus Harris. In Appleton Township, near the head of Big INIonegaw, were John Hogan, whose children yet reside 1 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 835 in that section; Jesse Ridgvvay and the Colthaid family, who were neigh- bors of Mr. Hogan; Frank Sproull, John Dittee, Andrew Younce, John Rickey; and in Monegaw, John Hodgson, James Carroll and Joseph Hernden, were all early settlers. The latter was postmaster in 1839 of Monegaw post office, which he kept at his house for nine years. TABER. South of these, in what is now Taber Township, and on the east side, there lived Major Robertson, James Masterson, Colonel Beal and Jack Smar. Tom Kelso owned the ferry and sold to Huffman. David Kelso settled in section 6, Taber Township, and sold to John Smar, the first sheriff of St. Clair County, and then moved to section 32, township 38, range 28, where Colonel Charles Beal and family bought him out again in 1839; Kelso then went still further west. Beal and his sons subsequently went to Oregon. Robert Shortis, Martin McFerran, William P. Burck, Cyrus V. Robinson, Roberts, William Jordon and George Beals were all residents of this township (Taber) in 1837 and 1838. THE LAND OF THE GUIACUTAS. South of the Osage, in what is now Speedwell Township, there came in 1838 James M. Breckinridge, James Anderson, Allen Phillips, Wil- liam, Joseph, Randolph and John Whitley and Mack H. Goode. Others settled in this neighborhood soon after. It was the inhabitants of this township that first discovered the " Terror " of the Osage. The third store and second blacksmith shop in St. Clair County outside of Osceola were located on the north side of the river, just above the mouth of Coon Creek, on section 13 in what is now Roscoe Town- ship. The store was run by Patrick Shields and the blacksmith shop by John Bedell. All kinds of produce and stock was low then. Pork sold at $1.25, cows and calves from $6 to $8, and three and four-year-old steers from $8 to $10. The merchants hauled their goods from Boon- ville. MONEGAW SPRINGS. The first improvement at the now famous Monegaw Springs, in the southeastern part of Chalk Level Township, was made by Lindsey and Charles Applegate. This was about 1834, or the winter of 1834-5. They put up a small water mill and built a log cabin. James Anderson came in 1833, and, taking a fancy to the place, bought out the Applegate claim and settled at the springs that year. Near him Charles Reavis settled a mile or two away on the river, and in the forks of the Mone- gaw lived a man named Gum, and the farm is still known by that name. Perhaps it would be as well to digress right here. 836 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. t EARLY POLITICAL HISTORY. As most of our readers are aware, if not, they will learn it now, St. Clair County was attached to Rives, now Henry County, for all civil and military purposes on February ii, 1835. The official life of the count}^ ■dates from that time as a part of Rives, and was administered by the Rives County Court. The action of that court gives in a measure the early history of the county and the names of the early settlers, and if not the date they came, the date they were in the county at that day. To show these arrivals and to give the action of the court at different times is the cause of this digression. In many cases dates are important, and on comparison we find a marked contrast with the report of our old citizens with each other, and some of the dates found of record in the year 1835. First is given some of the actions of the Rives County Court, and then a list of names of those that settled here in 1835 or in the spring of 1836. ST. CLAIR TOWNSHIP. At the first session of the Rives County Court, the whole of St. Clair County was made a township of Rives under the name of St. Clair Township. This was on May 5, 1835. It was necessary to have an election, and one was ordered to be held at the house of Daniel Waldo, on the 24th day of October, 1835. Charles Applegate, Samuel Kelso and Charles Bowman were appointed judges. These persons were all in the county in 1834 and previous. Among the records were also found in 1835, names of Joseph Halbert, John J. Wyatt, and A. Jones. The election was held at the above date for a justice of the peace. WEAUBLEAU AND MONEGAW. On the 4th day of November, 1835, the Rives County Court made a change, giving what was St. Clair County two townships, naming them Weaubleau and Monegaw Townships, and their boundaries were des- cribed as follows: All that part of the county east of range line 25, and including the waters of Sac River, and running to the north boundary of the county, which township shall be known by the name of Wablaw [so spelled] Township. The other, including all that part of the county of St. Clair lying west of said division line aforesaid, shall be known as Monegaw Township. At this term of court, November 4, 1835, there was an election ordered to take place in each township on the loth day of December, 1835. The election in Weaubleau Township was to be held at the house of Ebenezer Gash, and the judges of the election were Ebenezer Gash, Simon Poston and Joel Starkey. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 837 In Monegaw Township the election was to be held at the house of Lindsey Applegate, and Eli Roberts, Samuel Kelso and Alexander Zeb- ley were appointed the judges. In the spring election of 1836, the same men were appointed judges, and the same houses made the voting pre- cincts. The order was of the same date as the first. Two justices of the the peace were elected at that December election of 1835, and James Gardner was elected for Weaubleau, and Jesse Applegate for Monegaw Township. Alexander McClelland was elected constable of Monegaw Town- ship at the August election, 1836, and the election was held at the house of John J. Wyatt. That in Weaubleau was still held at Ebenezer Gash's. PUBLIC ROADS. The first public road laid out in St. Clair County, was the road from and through Clinton, in Henry County. The Rives County Court made the order of record, that the road should start at the Johnson County line, at or near the high point of Post Oak, since called the high point of Tebo, and then to a point designed as the county seat of Rives County; thence south through the county of St. Clair, crossing the Osage River at Crow & Crutchfield's store, to the county line of Polk County, in the direction of Bolivar. Stephen Noel was appointed overseer for the part of the road laid out in St. Clair County. This, as was above remarked, was the first road, but at the same term or session of the Rives County Court, a day or two later, the following order was made of record: That a road be viewed from Crow & Crutchfield's store on the Osage River, to the Benton County line, in the direction of the seat of justice of said county. Both of these orders were made at the May term of the court, 1836, so that at that date Crow & Crutchfield's store was known. It is given that they started in the winter of 1835-6, or early in the latter year, and of course was the first store in St. Clair County. The second store was that of Calvin Waldo, in Waldo's Bend, on section 6, Osceola Township, which was in full blast in June, 1836, and then came the store of Patrick Shields, on the north side of the river on section 8, Roscoe Township, before mentioned, at the Hoffman Ferry. A SLIGHT SCARE. A report came to Osceola, or Crow & Crutchfield's, that a hunting party of Indians in the western part of the county were giving trouble, and that they were moving west. While not very badly scared, the cit- zens were somewhat alarmed, and the vision of a scalping knife per- 838 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. forming a circle around their heads with an Indian attachment at the handle, or to be made a target for a stone hatchet, was not really pleas- ant, and so Osceola turned out en masse. There were seven or eight people here at that time and they started for Calvin Waldo's to hold a council of war. Phillip Crow, Dr. P. M. Cox, W. H. Scobey and a few others started for the Bend. In the mean- time scouts had been sent out and were to report at the Bend. They arrived safe and it was soon ascertained that their scalps were safe. The Indians had got a trifle too much " fire water," and as there was quite a large hunting party of them, the settlers got scared at their wild antics and decamped, spreading the news that the Indians were on the war path. Scouting parties soon got at the truth. As the Indians sobered up they became docile and did not attempt to hurt anyone but them- selves. The Osceola Company, led by Phil. Crow as captain, and Dr. Cox, as surgeon, returned in triumph, and were welcomed by the entire population that was left at home. This was the first battle {^) which took place in the county after its settlement by the pale faces. A ROAD PETITION. The roads first above referred to were only the entering wedge and in 1838 Weaubleau Township had six road districts. On August 2, 1836, a petition was presented to the county court of Rives County for a road from Crow & Crutchfield's, on the Osage River, to the Benton County line. This petition is here given because it was signed by a large number of the settlers who came in 1833, 1834 or 1835, all of whom were in the county at the above date. Here are the names signed to that petition: Joseph Culbertson, James B. Sears, Willis Bush, Benjamin Miller, John M. Reed, Phillip Crow, Richard P. Crutchfield, Stephen Noel, Henry Hoover, Henry Earl, G. W. Rogers, Jonas Parton, Henry Ewell, Benja- min Robinson, Joel Starkey, Thomas F. Windsor, John Clarkson, Sr., John Clarkson, Jr., Elijah Bucket, Thomas F. Wright, William Vanlan- dingham, William Gash, Daniel Brandt, Josiah Culbertson, Jonas Mus- grove and Samuel Givens. All these lived east of range line 25, or in Weaubleau Township, principally in what are now Osceola, Polk and Doyal Townships, with some from the south side of Butler Township. AT OTHER POINTS. Osceola was among the early settlements, and followed those on Brush and Coon Creeks. Crow and Crutchfield came first in 1835; then Dr. S. P. Cox and his brothers, Richard, William and Joseph, Ashly Peebley, Jonas Alexander and Henry Hoover came in 1836, and Zach- HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 839 . ariah Lilly in the spring of 1837; Major Hains the same year. H. W. Crow, Charles P. Bullock, Stephen Noel and W. C. Thompson all were here in 1837, and before, or in the township. Old man Hoover and daughter, Ann Hoover, settled in the Horse Shoe Bend; Charles Bow- man, Benjamin Miller and others down the river. In the Tally Bend lived James Tally, John Tally and Thomas F. Wright. This side of them settled John C. Greenwell, in 1838; also S. C. Bruce. In Chalk Level were the Andersons, who came as early as 1835; Obanion Anderson, John Robert and James, the latter owner of Mone- gaw Springs in 1836, and Jacob Johnson: these were the earliest settlers of that township. Judge Hester and R. S. Nance settled in 1837 in what is now Doyal Township; and north, between them and Osceola, and scattered along the prairie, were Littleton Lunsford, Sam Wyatt, Joel Rodman, James Boatman, John W. Ritchie and Rodney Walker. The election in Weaubleau Township, in August, 1837, resulted in William F. Carter being elected justice of the peace, and Jesse Apple- gate was still a justice in Monegaw Township. In 1837, Christopher Greenup, David, James, William and John Burch all settled in what is now Butler Township. John G. Williams and William Crowley and the Bunch family were viewers of a road to or in the direction of Clinton in May, 1838. In this latter year quite a number of immigrants settled in the county. There were Moses and Wesley D. Pinkston, John E. Treahern, Thomas Piper, Richard Cren- shaw, H. W. and J. W. Moore, A. H. Wilkinson, John Thornton, John F. McClain, Absalom McClenshaw, John W. Teague, Parson James Cole, (now living in Taney County), James H. Middleton and Frederic Melton; also Roderick D. McCullough and Lewis R. Ashworth, the latter being elected a justice of the peace in 1840. Hugh Barnett, Sr., came in 1839-, so did John Barnett, H. Y. Small, John R. White and many others, which about completes the list of early settlers. THE MISSING. There are doubtless others whose names will be missing, but these may be found in the township histories, or among the list of the names of old settlers. It is not our intention to leave out any, yet a few names are likely, from causes unforseen, to be omitted. The pioneers of St. Clair County are worthy of this record, and those here given, have left names unsullied. It was left for those who came later to leave a few dark stains upon the history of St. Clair County, but those stains were not imprinted by those who came previous to the year i860. THE DECADE. The decade between 1830 and 1840, of which the record has been here given, was one of hardship to the pioneer, but he struggled bravely 840 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. and he conquered. The wilderness gave way to progress and prosperity marked the pathway and lightened the toil of the old settlers. His cabin at last gave way to a home of comfort, and the privations of the past, though remembered, did not mar the present or the glorious hope of the future. VARIOUS THINGS. The first application for a distribution of slave property in St. Clair County was made to the Rives County Court by the administrator of Gabriel P. Nash, May, 1838. The first application for that of guardian of minor heirs, was by William Gash, and they were his own children, eight in number. This also was at the May term 1838. Mr. Gash had lost his wife a short time before. The children were named Selina, Alfred, Martha, John, Mary, William, James and Elizabeth. The first ferry franchise granted in St. Clair County was to Phillip Crow, November 10, 1836. He was authorized to establish a ferry across the Osage at Osceola, and he was allowed to make the following charges: " For man and horse, I2^c; single man, 6c; head of cattle, sheep and hogs, 3c; one horse with carriage or wagon, 37c; two horses, do., 50c;; four horses, do., $i; and that the said Crow pay $2 tax thereof for twelve months." SALE OF SCHOOL LANDS. The first sale of school lands in St. Clair County was made by the order of the Rives County Court, August, 1838. The i6th section of township 38, of range 25, was sold. Phillip Crow borrowed of that money $488.55, at 10 per cent, .interest. He gave personal and mort- gage security. The next school land sold was the i6th section of town- ship 38, of range 24, and was ordered sold at the February term, 1841. This was the last act of the Rives County Court in the affairs of St. Clair County. ITEMS OF INTEREST. The first wrought iron plow ever used in the western part of St. Clair County was brought from Virginia, and used by Theodric Snuffer and Joe Montgomery. One of those old broken plows is yet to be seen on the old homestead of Snuffer, though it would require six yoke of good cattle to draw it through brush land to the depth of six inches. The stoutest and most active man among the early settlers was Joseph Baker. It was stated that he could, by a run of thirty paces, leap over a pole eight feet from the ground, and could heave a pound stone 100 yards. Baker was born and raised in the mountains of Vir- ginia, and was a brother-in-law of Theodric Snuffer. One of the old settlers, who came in 1838, in speaking of those early times, said: " We needed very little money in those days, as our win- HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 84I ters were short and our stock was fat the year round, while taxes never bothered the minds of the early settlers. Our school system was run by subscription, and when we didn't like a teacher wc dismissed him and got some one else. The women folks used to make all the wearing- apparel for the families— woolen in winter and flax linen in summer — while the men generally wore woolen shirts, buckskin trowsers and moccasins on their feet. Wild bear were in abundance, and when we wanted sweetmeats we had only to chop down a ' bee tree' and take the honey." REMOVALS. Quite a number of the early settlers of St. Clair County moved to other states and climes. Mention has been made of the emigration of the Waldos, Applegates and Beals to Oregon; Bullock lives in McDon- ald County; a few left for God-forsaken Kansas, and others like Dave Moore, Cayens and Palmer, went to the Lone Star State; a few went back to their eastern home, while others followed the setting sun. From " Montgomery's" article in the Osceola Sun we take the fol- lowing: " Among those who left in 1842 for the Lone Star State was Martin McFerran, a veteran of 18 12, and a man of energy with an inclination to see a good deal of this country. He remained in Texas some sixteen years and returned in 1858 and spent the remainder of his days among his old friends. He died in i860, at the residence of Theodric Snuffer^ in the seventieth year of his age. McFerran was one of those gallant sons of the Old Dominion who struck with a revenging hand at John Bull's hirelings in the war of 1812. Peace to the ashes of those gallant sons of feedom who sleep in the soil they helped to redeem from the ruthless hands of their oppressors ! Sons of America, disturb not their slumbers. Let them rest, calmly rest on the shores of our own beautiful river, in the land they loved so well, and beneath the starry banner^ emblem of the free and brave, which they so heroically defended. MONTGOMERY." CHAPTER III. ; AN OLD SETTLEMENT— WILD BEAST OF THE MOUNTALNS. , ■i A PIONEER COLONY -OLD SETTLER'S STORY-A ROCKY MOUNTAIN LION ANU GRIZZLY BEAR COMBINED ON THE RAMPAGE— THE HUXT— WHERE M1S5 MAT \VAS— FA' ING DANGER-ROCK HOUSE CAVE-THE MONSTER COMING— HE CAME— THE SAD AND MOURNFUL MARCH HOME-PIONEERS FROM 1832 TO 1840— PIONEERS NOW LIVING 1 —PETITION— PIONEER WOMEN— CONCLUSION. I I A PIONEER COLONY, ' 1 From the Appleton Journal of June 2, 1882, is taken the following ! interesting narrative of the arrival and settlement of four families in the ! year 1838, who have left their mark upon the material prosperity of St. ] Clair County. And yet, when taken all together, it is but a repetition of what all the early pioneers experienced in their wild western homes, ^ leaving names to be recorded high upon the scroll of fame, and a herit- , age to their children and their children's children that they will cherish while life lasts: ^ I It is a duty that we owe to the memory of those enterprising and ] hardy people, who had the courage to leave the older settlements with ' all their comforts and conveniences, and push boldly out into the deso- ' late western wilds to open the way for the thousands that should follow ' them, that a record should be kept of their doings and the credit due _j them be duly accorded for their achievements. But few of them now remain to tell the story. Among the number are Mr. and Mrs. Andrew ! Yonce, of Taber Township, in this county. Mrs. Yonce, a sprightly, intelligent old lady, while visiting her son in this city, was called upon in behalf of the Journal, and furnished the following items: j Andrew Yonce was born in Virginia April 3, 18 10. Esther Crut- haid (now Mrs. Yonce) was born in England November 25, 18 14. With her father's family she came to Virginia in 1829; married Mr. Yonce i November 10, 1836. [ In accordance with the well known motto, " Westward the tide of emigration takes its way," a party was made up in 1838, consisting of j four families, to commence a settlement in the wilds of Western Mis- ' souri. Mr. and Mrs. Yonce, with their first baby; Widow Cruthaid (Mrs. Yonce's mother), with six unmarried children; John Hodgson and wife .i (the latter a daughter of Mrs. Cruthaid), with their three children, and James Rickey, wife and two children, made up the party. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 843 They came with horses and wagons. Their wagon beds were of the high and capacious schooner style of those days, and as such were used by the Mormons who were then drifting about in the west. People whose houses they passed would call out, " There go some more Mor- mons." On their way through Missouri they met the soldiers returning from driving the Mormons from their settlements in Clay, Carroll and Pettis Counties. Our emigrants reached Monegaw Creek in what was then Rives County, now St. Clair County a little before Christmas, and were so well pleased with the country that they decided to settle there. Mr. Yonce first located in section 4, township 38, range 27, where M E. Washburn now lives, and the remainder of the party in the same vicinity. There were no other settlers on the creek. There was one store at Clinton, and a post office had just been established at Osceola. It cost twenty-five cents to pay postage in those days on a letter from Virginia, and Mrs. Yonce has now in her possession letters with that amount of postage charged thereon. No such thing as an envelepe was known in those days. The letters were sealed up with wafers of wax. They built log cabins with stick chimneys, generally of only one room; had no glass for windows; lived with mother earth for a floor the first year. As no sawed lumber could be obtained, they were obliged to make puncheon floors. Indians were plenty for many years, but they did not molest the settlers. Wild game of course was abundant. Deer in great droves, wolves, wild turkeys, and so forth, furnished ample sport for the huntsman, and the greater part of the game was excellent food. The settlers' horses, cattle, hogs and sheep would live the year round, and keep fat without feed, on the prairies and river bottoms. What grain the people needed was easily raised, there not being much market for it, there was nothing to stimulate the raising of large crops. They were independent of the woolen and cotton factories, as they spun and wove cotton, wool and flax for their own clothing. The woods were enlivened with the hum of the honey bee and and their stores of delicious sweets furnished a desirable addition to the settlers' bill of fare. Honey dew was then so abundant that sometimes the prairie chickens would become so encumbered with it they could not fly. The settlers went to Harmony Mission, near where Papinville, Bates County, now is, to trade. It was twenty miles away, and Mrs. Yonce used to go on horseback and return in a day, carrying along eggs in a basket to sell at five cents a dozen, and riding through grass long enough to tie over the horse's back. The Methodists were the first religious denomination to organize in the settlement. This was done at Mr. Yonce's house, about 1842. The first preacher was a Mr. McDaniel, of Benton County. In 1844, the great flood year, they could not cross the Osage to go to Ball's Mill, and were obliged to grate corn for their bread for two months. Mrs. Yonce remarked that she had raised twelve children, nine ■of them now living, and with a spark of pardonable pride, added: "I ■did not have a hired girl, either." 844 HISTORY OF ST. CLyUR COUNTY. j The following are the living children of Mr. Yonce: Fanny (now| Mrs. A. C. Ditty) lives three miles west of Johnson City; J. T. Yonce, ir>; the grocery business in Appleton City; T. J. and W. H. Yonce live ort, 'Monegaw Creek; J. A. Yonce lives in Saline County, Missouri; Maria and Addie E. Yonce, each married a Landon, and both live in Taberi Township. \ John Hodgson, a member of the pioneer party, died in 1874, and his; wife survived him but a few years. There are six of their children liv- ing: William lives in Osceola; Sallie (now Mrs. Beard) lives in Texas; Elizabeth (now Mrs. Dr. Shelton) lives in Appleton City; Joseph, Har- vey and Henry all live on or near Monegaw Creek. James Rickey, another of the pioneer party, died in 1862. Mrs. I Rickey lives with her only living child, Mrs. Sloss, in Appleton Cit}^ ' Of the six unmarried children brought here by Widow Cruthaid^I John died in 1852; Jacob now lives with Andrew Yonce; Thomas lives- on Monegaw Creek; Joseph died in 1858, and Adam died in 1859; Mar-j garet married a Mr. Sloss, an uncle of our former townsman. She is now! a widow, and lives in Texas. ' AN OLD settler's STORY— THE FIRST STEAMBOAT ON THE OSAGE j RIVER. j i There is nothing in the early history of St. Clair County, that exer- cises a more potent spell, or calls forth such unbounded pleasure^ even to-l this day, as an incident which transpired on the passage of the first' steamboat up the Osage River, which took place in the spring of 1844. There were no railroads at that day through this country, neither were there telegraph lines or telephones, there was nothing to herald thei arrival of the monster but its own unearthly shriek, which was enough tcj blanch the cheek of the bravest if he knew not what it was. It soundedj like the wail of a lost soul. The boat went up as high as Harmony^i Mission, in Bates County. The little steamer was named the "Floraj Jones," but there was nothing feminine in the roar of her furnaces or in.| the wild maniac howl of her steam whistle. Just what happened downl the river is hard to tell, but that the old settlers of St. Clair County were^ about half scared to death, is a veritable fact, which has been brought! down to us in history, no doubt embellished somewhat in its course, but in this narrative the facts are given, leaving nothing to imagination or sensation and naught set down in malice. i Well, when that steamer reached St. Clair County, there is no usei denying that very many of the old settlers living within sound of its infernal whistle were scared, not only out of their boots, but out of theiri homes and firesides, fields and farm. It seemed as if Inferno had broke loose, and the shriek was the last wail of the dying and damned. Mat- thew Arbuckle was plowing in his field about a mile or a little more from the river, when that unearthly shriek struck his ear. His hain stood on end, his face blanched and his horse was about as bad off. Hel HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 845 unhitched it, and managing to get on its back, nothwithstanding both being stricken with terror, het was about starting lor his cabin to bar himself from the savage beast, when another shriek struck him. That- was enough, horse and man lit out, and in one hour were in Papinville, fifteen miles distant, the horse white with foam and Arbuckle white with terror. Every hair on his head was like a porcupine quill, and he had no strength to even tell of the terrible animal from which he had made such a fortunate escape. But while all were, like Arbuckle, awfully scared, there were some who were ready to face any danger in defense of their homes and firesides, and no wild animal was going to run them out of their country, not as long as they held faith in their trusty rifle and had the nerve to pull the trigger. Among this number was Uncle John Whitley, who had seen service at New Orleans, and Uncle James Breckinridge. The neighbors gathered at Whitley's, who lived not far from the river, and a hunt was determined upon to kill the terrible ani- mal, which seemed from its voice to belong to a previous age, had wandered from its fastness in the great Rocky Mountains and was now trying to find its way back and keeping near the river to hide from view. The next morning after the boat had passed up, the country was aroused. They began to congregate at Uncle John Whitley's. Men, guns and dogs were ready. The settlers were determined to kill the animal, although every time it howled their cheeks blanched and they looked at each other in blank amazement. What, they thought, must be the size of the animal that could give out such an unearthly roar .'' Right here was an incident which showed strong parental love in Uncle John Whitley. The men had gathered together, nerved for the fight, the hounds were called in, and just before they were ready to start Mat, the daughter of Uncle John, had gone down to the river, 300 or 400 yards distant, for water. While they were talking the whistle of Flora was heard, and the old man leaped up about six feet and exclaimed: " Ride, men, " he yelled, *' ride. Mat went down to the river for water, and I expect she is dead before this," and springing upon his horse dashed for the river, followed by his neighbors, determined to bring in Mat's remains, if dead, or defend her to the death jf alive. It is hardly necessary to say that " Mat " was not dead, but was making fast time for the house, with her hair streaming in the wind, and her handsome face pale with fright. She had heard the beast. The troop of horse- men gallantly escorted her home, and Uncle John sternly commanded her to keep inside that cabin door. The hunters and hardy backwoodsmen of the Whitley Prairie sec- tion lying along the river, having congregated together in sufficient numbers, as they thought, to slay almost any beast if their pack of hounds would only bring the monster to bay, and were ready for the Iray. After seeing that their guns were well primed, and flints newly picked, 846 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. now adjusted their scalping knives and tomahawks, started with high hopes beaming in their bosoms, confident that their hounds would soon bring the noisy monster to bay. The heavy timber skirting the river was soon gained, and the monster was heard yelling a mile or two up the river. The hounds were eagerly encouraged to take the track of the animal and went off at a rapid rate to bring the king of beasts to bay, but all to no purpose. As they refused to take the track a second time a council was held, and many were the surmises advanced as to the species of the animal, and how he had wandered so far from his native habitation in the mountains, for none of the party doubted the fact he was an inhabitant of the Rocky range. In the meantime the owners of the Flora Jones seemed so proud of their new whistle that they sounded its shrill notes every hundred yards or two, but it was doubtless as much to surprise the inhabitants as anything else. BAND OF HEROES. • The gallant band of heroes who started out to interview ihis " king of beasts," which had created terror along the river, were: Captain John Whitley, Sr. ; first lieutenant, James Breckinridge; Benjamin Mor- ris, William Bacon, Hamilton Morris, Benjamin Burch, William Roark, Frank Roark, Benjamin Snyder and Snowden Morris. The four last were to have their knives ready that in case the volley from the rifles of the remainder of the band did not bring the beast down, and it came to close quarters, the above men were to go in with their knives. They accepted their dangerous parts without a moment's hesitation. The refusal of the dogs to hunt the animal seemed to nonplus the hunters. What to do was the question, and the situation showed it to be a monstrous one, for the animal was certainly at large and on the rampage. A council was held and the verdict was finally that they did not know what it was, but it was the most ferocious and noisy beast they had ever heard and one of which history had given them no account. The band scoured the Osage thickets all day, but still the dogs refused to take the scent. Breckinridge declared that they were no use whatever, and in a few days he would go to St. Louis and get a pack of Newfoundland dogs, and then if the thing was beast or devil and lived in or out of the water, the Newfoundlands would bring it to bay. In the meantime, the " Flora " had proceeded up the river to Papinville, and had got out of reach of the hunters, and its whistle could not be heard. They hunted all day and when night arrived they had yet got no traces of the terrible animal. Dark and threatening clouds began gathering in the west, and as night set in, it looked no good to the hunters if they had to face the storm which was approaching and which from appearances, was determined to make a night of it. Soon HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 84/ after, the storm broke loose, the rain came down in torrents, and Uncle John proposed to take refuge from the storm, and make ROCK HOUSE, a well known cave, as their lodging for the night. Just as they were about to start, the sudden baying of the hounds started all. Bringing their guns to their shoulders, they awaited the onset, as they supposed^ of the terrible beast, with staring eyeoall, but nerve strung and deter- mination written on their faces, to do or to die, as the issue might deter- mine. But instead of the beast, out jumped a fine buck, which was instantly riddled with bullets. Gathering up their venison, they started for the cave, and were soon comfortably fixed therein. A fire was kindled, and a plentiful supply of the delicious venison was soon roasted under the supervision of the commissary. The cave is a short distance below the mouth of Clear Creek, upon the south side of the river. The cave fronts to the northeast and is just at the brow or foot of the bluff. Uncle John Whitley and family wintered in this cave one winter, forty-four years ago. The size of the "front room" is twenty feet to the rock ceil- ing, thirty feet in width by forty or fifty feet in length, and a dry, white sand, mixed with pebbles and shells, covers the floor. After their supper, a guard was placed at the mouth of the cave, to prevent the monster,, should he be lying around, from entering the cave until the rest of the band had been aroused. As the gray of the morning began to appear, and the eastern sky take on its crimson blush, came also the shrill shriek of the monster, and then ending in a roar which seemed to make the forest tremble, and the cave re-echoed its sound to the excited minds of the hunters. A council of war was held, and while some thought a short cut for home was about as safe a plan as could be suggested,. Uncle John Whiteley and Uncle Jimmy Breckinridge were for stand- ing their ground, in fact, going out to meet their dread foe, and fight to the death. This was decided on. The monster was still roaring, and. was coming nearer and nearer, until they could actually hear him puff- ing and blowing, while making his way along the river bank, apparently- close to the water. THE TIME FOR ACTION. The moment of decisive action had come. The monster had given one unearthly shriek and roar, and was coming right down the river bank, and they must meet him. They at once took up their march for the river, and it must be said with blanched cheeks, but their nerves had been strung, and they had sworn together to take that beast dead or alive, or it would take them. They got close to the river bank, and each man selected his tree and made ready as they heard the monster coming; 848 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. around the bend not more than a hundred yards from where they had taken up their position. All at once the Flora shot into view, and upon her deck were a g-ay throng of passengers, apparently watching the sun- rise and making the time pass merrily. To say that Uncle John and, Jimmy Breckinridge and their band of heroes were astonished at the] sight, would but illy express their surprise, and when it had passed and! another shrill shriek of its whistle had sounded, as if to mock them, as] it passed out of sight and around the bend, at their unheard of mistake,; the picture of that band of old pioneers standing there, their rifles still at their shoulders and their faces looking as if petrified, was a scenCi for a painter, and Barnum could have made a fortune. The man whoj could have photographed that group as they stood, looks and all, wouldj have made a fortune. It was a scene worthy of the painter's brush. Butj let us drop the curtain over the harrowing scene. Their senses came tol them at last, and not a word was said or a funeral note at the grave! where their foe had perished, but being entirely too full for utterance,j each one of these gallant men, quietly and unostentatiously and with* sadness of mein, sought the privacy of their cabins, and thus ended thei hunt after the monster of the mountains of the Osage Valley. Therd was nothing tragic in this remarkable hunt, but to this day it is a themes of wonderment, and even Uncle Jimmy Breckenridge, shudders when i1'' is mentioned to him, and feels as if he would like to choke his questioneil until he couldn't speak. \ •1 THE PIONEERS FROM 1 832 TO 184O. Anderson, Obanion. Anderson, Robert. Anderson, John. Anderson, James. Applegate, Jesse. Applegate, Lindsey. Applegate, Charles. Addington, James. Ashworth, Lewis R. Allen, William. Arbuckle, Matthew. Armingtrout, John. Ayris, Albion. Ainsworth, William. Abston, Alborn D. Arterberry, Henry. Able, John. Anderson, Samuel. Anderson, Ambrose. Burch, Benjamin. Burch, John. Burch, Robert N. Breckinridge, James. Barnett, Sr., Hugh. Barnett, John. Bunch, James, Bunch, William. Bunch, David. Bunch, John. Beale, Charles. Beale. George. Beale, Jordan. Beale, William. Beale, Robert. Beale, Samuel. Beale, James. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 849 Bacon, William. Brandt, Daniel. Buncke, William P. Bowmar, Charles. Bayham, Joseph E. G. Bell, Nathaniel. Bush, Willis. Bruce, Simeon C. Bullock, Charles P. Baker, Joseph. Bedell, John. Browning, C. G. Bolinger, Joseph. Bullard, Alfred W. Burger, Abraham. Burger, James L. Blake, Larkin H. Bolds, Widow. Bolds, Raphael. Burton, Charles. Burton, David. Beale, Tavenor. Bacon, William. Coonce, Jacob. Cox, Dr. P. M. Cox, George M. Cox, William M. Cox, Richard B. Cox, Joseph W. Culbertson, John A. Culbertson, William. Culbertson, Josiah. Culbertson, Ira. Culbertson, Isaac. Culbertson, Joseph. Cruthaid, Widow. Cruthaid, Thomas. Cruthaid, Jacob. Cruthaid, Adam. Cruthaid, Joseph. Clarkson, John, Sr. Clarkson, John, Jr. Clarkson, William. Cole, Rev. James. Crenshaw, Richard. Coslow, Joseph. Calhoun, Andrew. Calhoun, James. Crutchfield, Richard P. Crow, Phillip. Crow, Henry W. Carter, William F. Copenhaver, Staley. Crowley, William. Carroll, James. Carroll, Widow. Cocke, R. P. Capity, Daniel. Clardy, Daniel. Cringer, John. Cringer, Sabe. Collins, David. Corbin, James F. Dooley, Henry E. Davis, Aaron. Ditter, John. Ditter, Frank. Ditter, James. Deshazo, Richard. DeLozier, Edward. DeLozier, Purren. Dudley, James. Fades, James A. Eason, Joseph. Ewell, Henry. Earl, Henry. Estlenger, Thomas. Francis, Peter. Francis, James. Gash, Ebenezer. Gash, William (eight children). Gash, Joseph D. Gum, . Gray, John G. Garnett, James V. Gardner, James. Gardner, William. Gardner, Robert. 54 850 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Gardner, James. Goode, Mack H. Ganter, Nicholas. Gordon, John. Given, Samuel. Greenup, Christopher. Goots, John. Greenwell, John C. Gates, Joshua. Graham, John. Gray, James D. • Gray, Robert. Hahn, Columbus. Howard, John. Howard, Avery. Howard, Seth M. Hoover, James. Hoover, Alexander. Hoover, Henry. Hoover, Matthew. Hodgson, John. Hodgson, Harvey. Hodgson, Henry. Haise, Harlan. Hoy, Isaac. Haley, Gabriel. Hester, Thomas. Hester, Anthony N. Hodgson, Joseph. Hogan, John. Holbert, Joseph. Holbert, Robert. Huffman, David. Huffman, Lemuel. Herndon, Joseph. Hedges, Samuel C. Harris, Samuel W. Hill, Wright. Hodgins, Stephens. Johnson, John J. Johnson, Jacob. Jones, Lowry. Jones, Nathan. Jones, Andrew^^^ Jones, Wm. Keyton, Jones. King, Wm. Kelso, Sr., Andrew Kelso, Jr., Andrew. Kelso, Samuel. Kelso, David. Kelso, Benjamin. Kelso, John. Lilly, Zachariah. Lunsford, Littleton. Lawler, Wm. B. Locke, R. P. Long, John. McClain, John T. McClain, Francis. McClellan, Alexander. McClenehan, Absalom. McCullough, Robert. McCullough, Roderic D. McCullough, William H. McDaniel, William. McFarland, George W. McFerran, Martin. Musgrove, Jonas. Miller, Benjamin. Montgomery, Joseph. Moore, Alexander D. Moore, J. W. Moore, H. W. Molder, Daniel. Morris, James. Melton, Frederic. Molder, Daniel. Montgomery, John M. Montgomery, Jacob. Marlow, William C. Masterson, James. Moore, Benjamin H. Middleton, James H. McMiner, Nicholas. McMurry, John G. Martin, Samuel H. Noel, Stephen. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 851 Newell, Abraham C. Nash, Gabriel P. Norris, James. Nance, Reuben S. Norton, John. Nance, Edmund. Phillips, Allen. Poston, Simeon. Parton, Jonas. Puckett, Elijah. Pinkston, Wesley D. Pinkston, Moses. Peebley, Ashford. Piper, Thomas. Perry, John. Pond, George W. Pearse, Thomas. Perrin, Daniel. Redman, Joel. Renfro, James. Ridgway, Jesse. Rickey, James. Rice, Elijah. Ripetoc, Ephraim. Reed, John M. Roark, William. Roberts, Eli. Roberts, Harris. Ritchie, A. C. Roark, Frank. Robertson, Benjamin. Roark, Samuel. Rogers, G W. Rogers, Isaac. Ruby, Henry. Ruby, Philip, Robinson, Cyrus V. Robinson, Reuben. Reavis, Charles. Reavis, Warren P. Russell, Widow. Stow, Richard. Suggs, Charles. Smarr, John. Shortis, Robert. Sproull, Robert H. Sproull, Frank. Snuffer, Theodoric. Snuffer, Owen. Small, William H. Sutliff, Julius. Short, Hiram. Short, George. Shields, Patrick. Smith, Obediah. Smith, John. Smith, Richard. Sears, James B. Scobey, William H. Sutherland, Uriah L. Starkey, Joel Snodgrass, Andrew S. Sheldon, Albert Sams, Burdett Simrall, James Sims, John D. Sims, Paris Thomas, Ervin Trahern, John L. Thompson, Filmore Thompson, W. C. Tally, James Teague, John W. Thornton, John T. Tyree, Abner C. Trotter, George Taylor, Irason Tally, John Teale, Isaac Thompson, Hezekiah Weddle, Moses D. Winston, James B. Wilson, James White, John R. , Williams, John G. Waldo, Daniel Waldo, Calvin Waldo, John 852 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COJNTY. Waldo, Joseph Whitley, John Whitley, William Whitley, Randolph Whitley, Joseph Windsor, Thomas F. Wilkinson, A. H. Wyatt, John J. Wamsley, Eliza Wris^ht, Thomas F. Wright, William Ware, George Whitlow, Washington Whitlow, Henry Weinmer, Peter Williams, Robert Younce, Andrew Yoast, Francis Zebley, Alexander Zucks, Christopher A list of pioneers now residing in St. Clair County, Missouri, who resided in the county in 1843 — a period of forty years: Bunce, S. C. Bedell, John Breckenridge, James M. . Barnett, John Bridges, J. V. Burchett, William H. Cox, Dr. P. M. Cocke, R. P. Carpenhaver, Thomas Culbertson, John A. Coulthird, Thomas Coulthird, Jacob Denson, John Dudley, William Ditty, James Cover, Levi Gardner, James D. Greenwell, J. C. Hunt, Burgess Howard, John G. Hester, Anthony Harper, Lemon Hahn, Columbus Harper, Green Hoover, James M. Lilley, Zachariah Looney, J. C. Phillips, Alvin Ridgeway, Jesse Reese, G. Renfro, J. Ruark, B. F. Sproul, R. H. Shryer. S. Sheldon, A. Scoby, W. H. Small, T. Sims, J. Thomas, E. White, J. R. Wright, J. M. Wolf, J: I. C. Yoast, F. Yonce. A. PETITION FOR ORGANIZATION. The people of St. Clair County began to feel the want of an inde- pendent organization. The pioneers from 1832 to 1841 had reached a list of some 200 voters, as our old settlers' record will show. That would give St. Clair County, January i, i84i,a population of something over 1,000. Clinton was thirty miles away, and it was a troublesome busi- ness to be running there for all the wants of the county. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 853 So in the fall of 1840 a petition for the organization of St. Clair County into an independent municipality was drawn up, and the follow- ing names were signed to it: Dr. P. M. Cox, James Renfro, Z. Lilley, W. H. Scobey, G. B. Culbertson, John Howard, J. C. Greenwell, Colum- bus Halin, H. N. Hester, R. P. Cocke, H. Y. Small, Albert Sheldon, John Barnett, John R. White, J. A. Culbertson, S. C. Bruce, Hiram Short, J. Ridgway, Thomas Cruthaid, George Short, R. H. Sproul, Ervin Thomas^ James Hoover and William B. Lawler. The petition was presented to the assembly, and an act was passed and approved February 15, 1841, making St. Clair an independent county^ with all the rights and privileges thereunto belonging. The men who came to the county after its organization may be mentioned in future pages, and especially those who have served the county in an official capacity, these latter appearing in the official history, which immediately follows that of the " Old Settlers." PIONEER WOMEN. In the history of the pioneers of Henry County, in this work, will be found a short tribute to the memory of the noble and heroic pioneer women of the county. It need not be duplicated here, as it is intended to apply to all who left home and friends in early days and followed fathers, brothers and husbands to the wild but growing. West, ever ready and willing to accept the burden put upon them, and lighten by their love and sacrifices the loved ones around them. They suffered their share of the privations of the times, and no names upon the scroll of fame stand higher than the noble and heroic band of pioneer women, who made civilization a reality, and smoothed the rugged path of the pioneer with willing hands and loving hearts. There will also be found following the list of names of Henry County's pioneers a poem which tells in verse much of the life of the old pioneers, and it is worthy of perusal. There will be much found in the pages, from first to last, that will give pleasure, information and food for thought. In closing this part of our work we can do no better than to give the closing words of " Montgomery," a correspondent of the Osce- ola Sun, from whom has been gathered many important facts. CONCLUSION. "The men who drove back the Indians, killed off the wild beasts, and redeemed this country from barbarism to a state of civilization; who opened the highway to travel; who cleared the forest, letting in the light of day and of civilization, and who redeemed the virgin soil with the ploughshare until it laughed with a harvest, are rapidly passing 854 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. away. They hear the summons to lay aside the burden of life and enter into that peaceful state of rest prepared for the Lord's laborers in the unseen beyond. Think of it.' When John Smar was elected sheriff some forty-two years ago, there was not much over i,ooo people in the county. Since that time the tide of population has spread from shore to shore. Why, in thirty years more we will be almost as densely populated as Europe. Not all of the old pioneers were cut down in the bloom of their man- hood days, or when their presence was most needed to clear the path- way for the march of Empire, but they lived on; many have reached a ripe old age and are still with us, their memory clear and eyes undimmed. But the old pioneer can never die." CHAPTER IV. THE BIRTH OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY— CULLINGS FROM THE COURT RECORDS. INDEPENDENCE— ACT OF ORGANIZATION, FEBRUARY 15, 1841— THE BOUNDARY OF 1845— COUNTY SEAT FIGHT-TWO SIDES TO A STORY— DEEDS OF THE LANDS DONATED FOR THE LOCATION OF A COUNTY SEAT— CIRCUIT COURT— SURVEY— ROADS AND BRIDGES-ASSESSED VALUATION, 1845 TO 1854-A YEARLY ESTIMATE-TAXATION AND CASH ON HAND. FROM DEPENDENCE TO INDEPENDENCE. The year 1840 closed the dependence of St. Clair County as a part of Rives, and she in 1841, put on the robes of an independent municipality, a sister among the counties which composed our glorious commonwealth, and was named in honor of General Arthur St. Clair, of revolutionary fame. The county had become populous, and the people had began to feel the want of something more desirable, and at the same time more convenient than being attached to the local government of an adjoining county. The legislature promptly acted upon the petition presented, and in February, 1841, St. Clair bloomed forth an independent munici- pality. The act of organization is as follows: All that territory within the following described limits, viz: Begin- ning at the southeast corner of township 37, in range 24; thence north on range line dividing ranges 23 and 24; thence west on the township line dividing townships 39 and 40; thence south on range line dividing ranges 28 and 29, to the township line dividing townships 34 and 35; thence east on same township line to the range line dividing ranges 24 and 25; thence north on said range line to the township line dividing townships 36 and 37; thence east to the place of beginning, is hereby declared a separate and distinct county, to be called and known by the name of the county of St. Clair. Joseph Montgomery, Calvin Waldo and Thomas F. Wright, of St. Clair County, are hereby appointed commissioners to superintend and conduct an election by the people of said county for the purpose of deciding on the most suitable point for the permanent seat of justice. The circuit and county courts for said county shall be holden at the dwelling house of William Gash until the permanent seat of justice for said county is established or the county court shall otherwise direct. Approved February 15, 1841. 856 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. The act which made St. Clair a part of and under the jurisdiction of Rives County, which might as well be given here, was passed by the general assembly February 11, 1835. Below is a copy of the act: Be it enacted by the Gener-al Assembly of the State of Missoiiri : All that portion of territory lying south of Rives County, west of Benton, now known by the name of St. Clair County, shall be attached to the County of Rives for all civil and military purposes, until other- wise provided by law. Just six years and four days after, " the otherwise provided by law" took place, as the above "organization act" shows. The original bound- ary did not seem to be satisfactory, which was given in the organization act, and on March 28, 1845, at the general session of the legislature, the line was changed so as to represent the present boundary of the county; which act of the general assembly was promptly passed, and was approved at the above date. This new boundary of the county was defined in words following: BOUNDARY OF ST. CLAIR. St. Clair, beginning at the northwest corner of township 39 and range 28; thence south with the range line to the southwest corner of section 7, township 36 and range 28; thence east to the southeast cor- ner of section 8, township 36 in range 26; thence south to the line divid- ing townships 35 and 36; thence east along said township line to the middle of range 24; thence north to the township line dividing town- ships 36 and 37; thence east to the range line dividing ranges 23 and 24; thence north to the township line dividing townships 39 and 40; thence west to the place of beginning. Approved March 28, 1845. At the time of the organization St. Clair County was composed of two townships under the names of Monegaw and Weaubleau, but when she appeared as a county the new county court divided it into six muni- cipal townships, viz: Monegaw, Speedwell, Washington, Polk, Osceola and Jackson. The first was in the northwest and was bounded on the north by Henry County, east by range line between ranges 26 and 27, south by the Osage River and west by Bates County. Speedwell was all south of the Osage and west of the Sac River. Washington was the present township of that name, Collins and half of Doyal. Polk cov- ered Dallas and Polk as now formed, being congressional townships 38 and 37. Jackson in the northeast east of the river, and Osceola from congressional 39, 38 and 37 of range 25. The court did nothing more of importance at that session. This court, the first ever held in the county, was held at the house of William Gash, in what is now Doyal Township, on section 28, and was held in May of that year. Two sessions of the court was held at HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 857 the house of William Gash, and two sessions at Wyatt's Grove, on sec- tion 16, of what is now Roscoe Township, and where the Applegate and Bell party proposed to establish the county seat. The location was- about a mile east of the present village of Roscoe. COUNTY SEAT FIGHT, Of course after the county was organized and commissioners appointed to locate the county seat, it did not take long to com- mence the hght. There are of course two sides to a story and they are here given, both from old settlers. The Osceola Pioneer says this: "Jesse Applegate was a leading spirit of the opposition. Early in the contest he made the discovery that a majority of the people were against him and as the law at that time only required a residence in the county of thirty days to become a voter, he went to other points and imported a vast army of voters. The day of election dawned after a heated campaign, and resulted in the choice of Osceola by a majority of seventeen." Applegate was was so disgusted, says the paper which published the above, with the result of the election, that he packed his traps and took his departure for Oregon, where, at one time, he became enor- mously rich. At the date of the election he was the richest man in the county, if not in Southwest Missouri. The capital was located here then, and here it will remain until time makes way for eternity. There is no doubt about the truth of the closing paragraph. Now comes the Applegate side: The election to decide the question of the location of the county seat was made by the order of the county court at its May term to take place in August, 1841. The judges were Joseph Montgomery, William Gash and Hugh Barnett, Sr. The election came off and- resulted in a majority of seven for Osceola, not seventeen. The Applegate party wanted it to be located on the southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of section 9, just north of Wyatt's farm, which was on school section 16. and the above 40 acre lot was within, at that time, about one half mile only, they claimed, from the geographical center of the county. Wyatt's Grove, so called,, is the present Ruckman place. As above stated, they failed by seven votes, and why they failed was, that the Crows, the Coxes, McClains and others, went to Sedalia and a few other places and imported between thirty and forty hands to make brick for the new court house, as they claimed, but as the Applegate party said, were principally tO' vote. " Vote early and often," and then they got beat only seven votes. This is the other side of the story. This did not yet quite end the struggle. There was a good deal of bitter feeling engendered, and Applegate hated to give it up. The commission appointed had sub- ^858 HISTORY OI'^ ST. CLAIR COUNTY. mitted the question to a vote and they were preparing to turn over to the county court the result of that vote, by making their report and producing sundry deeds, papers and cash, as the contribution of Crow & Co., promised on the location of the county seat being permanently located at Osceola. Then came the legal question, to be determined by the circuit court, which was appealed to. The Wyatt Grove party, through the person of Nathaniel Bell, brought in a legal document, vol- uminous in character, if not forcible in its wording. The circuit court was in session the same August, 1841, Judge Foster P. Wright on the bench, and the following document submitted to the court : "Upon the motion of Nathaniel Bell, the relator in an information in the nature of a qito wni-ranto, against Joseph Montgomer}', Calvin Waldo, and Thomas F. Wright, commissioners for the location of the county seat for St. Clair County, for leave to file the same, which motion was overruled." That seemed to end the struggle so far as "legal proceedings were concerned, for at the same time the commissioners above named, came into court and made report of their actions as commissioners for the location of the county seat. The report was presented to the court and the following order made of record: "Now at this day comes Joseph Montgomery, Calvin Waldo and Thomas F. Wright, commissioners appointed for the purpose of locating the county seat of St. Clair County, and made a report of their proceed- ings in locating said county seat, accompanied by the title deeds for the lands on which they located said county seat, together with the abstract and evidence of title, and the court having fully examined the title, deem the same good and sufficient, conveying to the said county of St. Clair, a title to the lands in fee simple, without any reserva- ation or condition, and the same is approved by the court. And it is ordered that the clerk of this court certify to the tribunal transacting ■county business for said St. Clair County, a copy of this decision and approval." This closed legal proceedings as well as all others, and there was as much rejoicing among the Crowites and the Coxes, as there was chagrin and disgust with the other party. The way being all clear the commis- sioners made their report of the vote, handed over a subscription paper and some money, etc., and then produced in court and turned them over to the county, four deeds of record, donating certain lots in Osceola and land, the consideration being that Osceola was to be the permanent seat of justice of St. Clair County. This deed reads: DEEDS TO THE COUNTY SEAT OF ST. CLAIR. Phillip Croxv and zvife to St. Clair County. " This indenture made and entered into this 20th day of May, in the year of our lord 1841, between Phillip Crow and Maria F., his wife, HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 859 of the county of St. Clair and state of Missouri of one part, and the county of St. Clair, aforesaid, of the other part, witnesseth. That for and in consideration that ihQ permanent seat of justice for the county of St. Clair shall be located at the town of Osceola, in said county, we, the parties of the first part, have this day granted, bargained and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain, sell and convey unto the county of St. Clair, aforesaid, certain lots and parcels of land, lying and being in the county aforesaid, and described as follows, to wit: and known upon the town plat of Osceola as lots Nos. 3, 9, 6 and 12, in block No. 3; lot No. 5, in block No. 13; lot No. 2, in block No. 14; lot No. 10, in block No. 15; lots Nos. 3, 4 and 5, in block No. 16; lots Nos. 2, 7 and 8, in block No. 19; lots Nos. 2, 3 and 8, in block No. 20; lots Nos. 7 and 8, in block No. 21; lots Nos. 4 and 5, in block No. 22; lots Nos. 7, 8, ii and 12, in block No. 23; lots Nos. 4, 5,6, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 12, in block No. 24; lots Nos. 10 and ii, in block No. 29; lots Nos. ii and 12, in block No. 30; lots Nos. 5, 6, 9 and 10, in block No. 31; lots Nos. i, 2. 3, 4, 5 and 6, in block No. 32; lots Nos. 5 and 6, in block No. 33; lot No. 2, in block No. 34; lots Nos. 9 and 10, in block No. 35; lots Nos. i and 10, in block No. 39; lots Nos. i and 2, in block No. 41; lots Nos. 3 and 4. in block No. 42; lots Nos. 7 and 8, in block No. 43, and also that part of the northwest fractional quarter of section 20, in township 38, of range 25, west, beginning at the termination of Locust Street, where it intersects Fifth Street; thence continuing the course of Locust Street until it intersects the quarter section line; thence west with said line until it intersects the township line; also, that part of said fractional quarter section beginning at the termination of Fourth Street, where it intersects Cedar Street; thence continuing the course of Fourth Street until it intersects the quarter section line; thence east with said line until it intersects the town line, containing about three (3) acres, be the same more or less; also, twenty acres of land adjoining the said town of Osceola, known as the east half of the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 20, in township 38, of range 25, west. To have and to hold the above described lots and parcels of land, together with all and singular the privileges and appurtenances thereunto belonging, unto the said county of St. Clair and her assigns forever, free from the claim or claims of them the parties of the first part, their or either of their heirs, executors and administrators; and the party of the first part for them- selves, their heirs, executors and administrators, do covenant and agree to and with the said county of St. Clair forever to warrant and defend the title to the same, free from all incumbrances, and from the claim or claims of all and every person or persons whatsoever, unto the only proper use and behoof the said county of St. Clair. In testimony whereof, we, the parties of the first part have hereunto subscribed our names and affixed our seals the day and date above written P. CROW, [SEAL.] MARIA F. CROW. [seal.] State of Missouri, ] ■County of St. Clair, f ' Be it remembered that on the 20th day of May, 1841, before me, the clerk of the circuit court within and for the county aforesaid, came P. Crow and Maria F. Crow, his wife, both personally known to me to be 86o HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. the persons whose names are subscribed to the foregoing instrument of writing, as having executed the same, and severally acknowledged the same to be their act and deed for the purposes therein men- tioned. The said Maria F. Crow being by me first made acquainted with the contents thereof, and examined separate and apart from her husband, whether she executed the said deed and relinquishes her dower to the lands and tenements therein mentioned voluntarily and without compulsion of her said husband, acknowledged and declared that she executed the said deed and relinquishes herd ower in the said lands and tenements therein mentioned voluntarily and without undue influence of her said husband. In testimony whereof, I, Charles P. Bullock, clerk of our said court, have hereunto subscribed by name and affixed my private seal, there being no seal of office yet provided, this 20th day of May, 1841. [SEAL.] CHARLES P. BULLOCK, Clerk. Filed this 20th day of May, i84i,and recorded nth December, 1841. Attest: Charles P. Buli.ock, Clerk. H. W. Croiu and wife to St. Clair Comity. This indenture, made and entered into this 2 1st day of May, in the year of our Lord 1841, between Henry \V. Crow and Virginia I., his wife, of the one part, and the county of St. Clair, in the state of Missouri, of the other part, witnesseth: That for and in consideration that the per- manent seat of justice of said county of St. Clair shall be made at the town of Osceola, in said county, we, the parties of the first part have this day granted, bargained and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain and sell, and convey to the county aforesaid a certain tract or j parcel of land, and described as follows, to wit: j Twenty acres of land off of the north end of the east half of the j southwest quarter of section 20, in township No. 38, of range No. 25. ] west, saving and excepting so much in the north part of said described east half of said quarter section as will be embraced in one block of the size of the blocks in the plat of the town of Osceola, to wit: 252 feet square, lying immediately southeast of the present limits of the town of ] Osceola, and directly southwest and adjoining the street known as Mul- berry Street, when it shall be extended so far; and southeast and ; bounded by Fifth Street, as already known in the town plat of said town j of Osceola. 1 To have and to hold the aforesaid described. tract or parcel of land, ] together with all and singular the privileges and appurtenances there- i unto belonging, unto the said county of St. Clair, free from the claim or j claims of them, the parties of the first part, their or either of their heirs^ j executors and administrators. And the parties of the first part do cov- j enant and agree to and with the said county aforesaid, that they, their heirs, executors and administrators will forever warrant and (^efend the \ same from the claim of every person or persons whatsoever, unto the I only proper use and behoof of the said county of St. Clair. In testimony whereof, we, the party of the first part, have hereunto^ subscribed our names and affixed our seals, this day and date first above i written. H. W. CROW. [seal.] VIRGINIA I. CROW, [seal.] j history of st. clair county. 86 1 State of Missouri, ) ■ County of St. Clair, \ ' ' Be it remembered that on this day, before me, the clerk of the cir- cuit court within and for the county aforesaid, came Henry W. Crow and Virginia I Crow, his wife, both personally known to me to be the persons whose names are subscribed to the foregoing instrument of writing, as having executed the same, and severally acknowledge the same to be their act and deed for the purposes therein mentioned. She, the said Virginia I. Crow, being by me first made acquainted with the contents thereof, and examined separate and apart from her said hus- band, whether she executed the said deed and relinquishes her dower to the lands and tenements therein mentioned voluntarily, and without compulsion of her said husband, acknowledged and declared she exe- cuted the said deed and relinquishes her dower in the said lands and tenements therein mentioned voluntarily and without undue influence of her said husband. In testimony whereof, I, Charles P. Bullock, Clerk of the Circuit Court for the county of St. Clair, have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed my private seal, there being no seal of office yet provided, this 20th day of May, 1841. CHARLES P. BULLOCK, Clerk. Filed on the 20th day of May and recorded the nth of Decem- ber, 184.1. Attest: CHARLES P. BULLOCK, Clerk. Joseph W. Cox to St. Clair Comity. This indenture, made and entered into this 20th day of May, in the year of our Lord, 1841, between Joseph W. Cox, of the county of St. Clair and state of Missouri, of the one part, and the county of St. Clair, in the state aforesaid, of the other part, witnesseth, that for and in con- sideration that the permanent seat of justice for the county aforesaid shall be located at the town of Osceola in said county, he, the party of the first part, has this day granted, bargained and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain, sell and convey unto the county aforesaid certain tracts or parcels of land lying and being in "said county, and described as follows, to wit: Three town lots known upon the plat of the town of Osceola as lots Nos. I, 2 and 3, in block No. 24; also ten acres of land off of the south- west corner of the southeast quarter of the northeast quarter of section No. 20, in township 38 of range 25, and commencing on the southwest corner of said quarter quarter and running from thence on the east line of said quarter quarter one-eighth of one mile; thence west one-eighth of one mile; thence north one-eighth of one mile to the north line of said quarter quarter; thence east to the beginning for boundary. To have and to hold the aforesaid tracts or parcels of land, together with all and singular, the privileges and appurtenances thereunto belonging, unto the said county of St. Clair free from the claim of him, the said Joseph W. Cox, his heirs, executors and administrators. And the said Joseph W. Cox for himself, his heirs, executors and administrators doth covenant and agree to, and with the said county forever to warrant and defend the title to the same tree from all incumbrance, and from the 862 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. claim or claims of all and every person or persons whatsoever unto the only proper use and behoof of the said county of St. Clair. In testimony whereof, I, the party of the first part, have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed my seal the day and date first above written. JOSEPH W. COX. [SEAL.] State of Missouri, |_ County of St. Clair, j " ' Be it remembered that on the 20th day of May, 1841, before me, the clerk of the circuit court for the county of St. Clair, came Joseph W. Cox, who is personally known to me to be the person whose name is subscribed to the foregoing instrument of writing or deed of conveyance, and acknowledged the same to be his act and deed for the purposes therein mentioned. In testimony whereof, I, Charles P. Bullock, clerk of our circuit court, have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed my private seal, there being no seal of office yet provided, this 20th day of May, 1841. [SEAL.] CHARLES P. BULLOCK, Clerk. Filed on the 20th day of May and recorded on the nth day of December, 1841. Attest: CHARLES P. BULLOCK. Clerk. P. M. Cox and Wife to St. Clair County. This indenture, made and entered into this 20th day of May, in the year of our Lord, 1841, between Pleasant M. Cox and Elizabeth M., his wife, of the county of St. Clair and state of Missouri, of the one part, and the county of St. Clair, in the state aforesaid, of the other part, witnesseth, that for and in consideration that t^XQ permanent seat of jus- tice shall be located at the town of Osceola, in said county, we, the party of the first part, have this day granted, bargained and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain, sell and convey unto the county of St. Clair aforesaid certain lots or parcels of land described as follows, to wit: Lots Nos. 3, 5, and 11, in block 28 ; lots Nos. i, 2, 3, and 5, in block 29; lots I, 8, 10 and ii, in block No. 44; lots 3, 4 and 6, in block No. 45, known upon the town plat of the town of Osceola, aforesaid. To have and to hold the aforesaid described lots or parcels of land together with all and singular, the privileges and appurtenances thereunto belonging to the said county of St. Clair, and her assigns, free from the claim or claims of them the party of the first part, their or either of their heirs, executors and administrators forever. And the party of the first part for themselves, their heirs, executors and administrators do covenant and agree to and with the said county of St. Clair forever to defend the title to the same, free from all incumbrance, and from the claim or claims of all and every person or persons whatsoever unto the only proper use and behoof of the county of St. Clair aforesaid. In testimony whereof, we the party of the first part have hereunto subscribed our names and affixed our seals, this day and date first above written. PLEASANT M. COX, [seal]. ELIZABETH M. COX, [seal]. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 865. State of Missouri, t County of St. Clair. \ Be it remembered that on this twentieth day of May, 1841, before me the clerk of the circuit court, within and for the county aforesaid^ came Pleasant M. Cox and Elizabeth M. Cox:, his wife, both personally known to me to be the persons whose names are subscribed to the fore- going instrument of writing as having executed the same and severally acknowledged the same to be their act and deed for the purposes therein^ mentioned. She, the said Elizabeth M. Cox, being by me first made acquainted with the contents thereof, and examined separate and apart from her husband, whether she executed the said deed, and relinquishes- her dower to the lands and tenements therein mentioned voluntarily and without compulsion of her said husband, acknowledged and declared that she executed the said deed and relinquishes her dower in the said lands and tenements therein mentioned voluntarily and without undue influence of her said husband. In testimony whereof, I, Charles P. Bullock, clerk of our said court,, have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed my private seal, there being no seal of office yet provided, this 20th day of May, 1841. [SEAL] CHARLES P. BULLOCK, Clerk. Filed this 20th day of May. Recorded the nth day of December^ 1841. CHARLES P. BULLOCK, Clerk. The subscription paper which accompanied these papers was placed in the hands of Simon Poston for collection. Twelve years after this subscription paper was turned over to the county court by the above named county seat commisioner, and ordered filed by the court August 10, 1853. This paper would be of value, if found, but a close search among old papers, as was recovered from Lane, failed to produce the desired document. The new county commissioner, William A. McClain, into whose hands all these papers fell, made a statement that there was still something due on that subscription paper, and if it could now be found, the names of those contributing towards the successful location of the county seat at this point, would be at this time of especial interest. The county court held four sessions previous to their removal to- Osceola. This was effected in the fall of 1841, and the November term of the county court was held at the new county seat. The circuit court which had held two previous sessions came also to Osceola. circuit court. The first circuit court held in St. Clair County, was at the house of William Gash, now Doyal Township, on Monday, March 29, 1841. The judge was Foster P. Wright; the sheriff, John Smarr, and the circuit clerk, Charles P. Bullock. Sheriff Smarr introduced his grand jury as- follows: Joseph H. Cox, foreman; Burdett Sams, Thomas Piper, Williami 864 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Culbertson, Isaac Culbertson, Joel Redman, William C. Marlow, Richard Stow, William Wright, Robert Anderson, David Collins, Randolph Whitley, John Reed, Obediah Smith, John Gordon, John Long and Rob- ert Williams. They brought in two indictments for grand larceny and both against the same persons named Charles Beale and William Beale, and their cases were continued until the next term of the circuit court, and a nolle prosequi was entered. In civil cases there was one of appeal, Samuel Rowark, vs. Thomas Hester, one suit on note in favor of the Bold's Es- tate vs. James Norris, and Mr. Charles Burton was up for a recognizance to keep the peace. The two terms of the circuit court and two terms of the county court were held at the house of William Gash, which was on section 28, Doyal Township. The two sessions of the circuit court, held at the house of William Gash, were those of March and August, but the third term of the circuit court held commencing on the 29th day of November, 1841, was held at the town of Osceola, above remarked, at the house of Pleasant M. Cox and Lawrence Lewis. The following year Mr. Nathaniel Bell was elected to the legislature as a panacea for the unfortunate attempt he made to " eat Crow." He however, came back satisfied with the honor conferred, and made the assertion that he found out he was a " damfool." He was succeded by Hugh Barnett, one of the first county judges. In fact, all of the ■members served but one term only, excepting Alexander McClain, who held three terms — from 1850 to 1856. Since that, time, as before, one term has been the rule. There was little of interest transpired during the early years of the county's history. There was nothing to break the monotony or regular routine of business affairs. The real exciting business of the county court did not begin until 1861 or 1862, and con- tinued then without a break until the railroad war began to take the shape of a regular siege. SURVEY. St. Clair County was claimed as the home of two men who were prominent for many years in the early history of this county. These men were engineers and surveyors by profession. They were Jesse Applegate and Joseph Montgomery. The former had charge of the government survey of this county and west of the state line. Joseph Montgomery surveyed Cedar and Dade Counties, and was the first appointed surveyor of Henry County, as well as its first senator, and also St. Clair's. Applegate made a name in the wilds of Oregon after he left St. Clair County, in sadness at the loss of his cherished anticipa- tions in securing the county seat near his home. Montgomery had a name ere he left the grand old state which is known as the mother of states and statesmen. He was both in the house and senate of that HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 865 state ere he left it for Missouri, fettling in Henry County, and was there, as here in St. Clair, its first county judge. In Applegate's survey- ing corps, Alvin Phillips is the only one living in the county. In Mr. Montgomery's corps in Dade and Cedar, were R. H. Sproull, of St. Clair; also, Harrison Ham, Joseph Baker and Mathias Houx, and James Gladden, James Goffand Lawrence George, of Henry County. ROADS. In the early days one of the most important items of business of the county was the laying out of roads. The first start in that line was made by the Rives County Court, which ordered some ten or a dozen roads cut out, nearly all either centering or radiating from " Crow & Crutchfield's" store on the Osage River. The first road overseer in the county was Stephen Noel. In 1837 there were six road districts formed in Weaubleau Township, which comprised the east half of the county. They numbered from one to six, and the following were appointed overseers, as follows, commencing with No. i: William M. Cox, Joseph Culbertson, Ebenezer Gash, John Clarkson, P. Crow and Henry T. Hoover. These were all appointed in December, 1837. On the west side there were but few, for with the exception of the Harmony Mission road, no one cared much for roads in that section; and with the exception of Roscoe Township, there were very few set- tlers in the west part of the county until 1840. Quite a number came in in 1838 and 1839, but the open prairies were good enough for roads- On the organization of the county, however, roads were laid out in what is now Taber, then in Roscoe others were laid out; and while Huffman's Ferry was not started till 1839, ^he ford and road had been in use a couple of years. From 1845 to 1850 the road business of the county was pretty evenly distributed. Monegaw Township, then taking in the present Appleton and Chalk Level, from its vast prairie range, was the last to get the benefit of roads. If a farmer fenced up the old route, the track would be made around it; and so even to this day there will be found "reaches" that traverse diagonally many miles of prairies, with here and there shorter cuts which lessen the distance to town. BRIDGES. The bridge question assumed but small importance in the county. No attempt was made to bridge the Osage, and numerous ferries were licensed, and near enough together to make them convenient. The Sac River was where the bridge movement got a grip on the county court. The Sac River Bridge near Waldo's, on the road to Roscoe, was a point which seemed to want a bridge, and to want it bad; and from first to 55 866 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. last some $25,000 has been spent at that place, and to-day there is no bride^e. In March, 1852, $2,500 was appropriated for a bridge across Sac River, at or near Daniel Waldo's. The money rested two years, and some interest was added to it, as, although the bridge was not built, the appropriation was not withdrawn. In 1854 a move was made for a bridge, the first of which was to have the first order rescinded of $2,500 and a new order made appropriating $3,500 to build the bridge. This was in November and the next spring* or May 15, 1855, three years after the first appropriation was made, a contract was entered into with James K. Farr, of Johnson County, to put up the said bridge in a substantial manner. It was not until 1857 that the bridge was completed, and by that time it had got up to $6,000 and the county court compromised on that figure with a guarantee that it should be kept in repair for four years by the contractor. With the exception of the Slough bridge near Osceola, this was the extent of the bridge building up to 1858. In fact there was little done besides repairs, and a few small bridges built, until 1868, when that same crossing of the Sac came in for another appropriation of $6,000 for a bridge and got it. ASvSESSED VALUATION. The wealth of the county was another item of interest. The assessed valuation of the county in 1845, the first record made, giving the aggregate was, on Real estate $ 97,320 Personal property 137,410 Town lots II ,900 $246,634 Pells. 326. This sum was nearly doubled in 1850, being, on Real estate $ 1 27,240 Personal property (all) 286,660 Town lots 16.512 $430,412 Polls, 482. The assessed valuation in 1853 was, on Real estate $1 50,803 Personal property 397,808 Town lots 21,413 $570,024 Polls, 571. That of 1854 was, total, $643,156, and polls, 607. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. S6j At the May term of the county court, May 13, 1854, a statement was made and placed upon record of the receipts and expenditures of the county for the preceding fiscal year, ending May i, 1854. Receipts — total $2,998 36 Expenditures — total " 1,642 88 Balance on hand $f.355 48' The previous year there was an excess of $863.06, which was added in the above total of receipts, which showed a net gain of receipts over expenditures of $492.42 for the last year. To this report was added these words: "There is no debt owing by the county of St. Clair." What a joyous sound would these words have if they could be truthfully- uttered now.^ Another item of that report is of interest, and that was the salary account of the county officers. The total paid was $696.97. The treasurer received $112 per annum, getting a warrant once in six months for $56. That salary was paid some ten years to John F, Weide- meyer. It was this salary which made him wealthy, or rather should be said, laid the foundation of his now handsome property. A YEARLY ESTIMATE. This seems to be a flourishing state of affairs, but the estimate for the fiscal year ending May i, 1855, taking it from the present standpoint of affairs, is a curiosity in its way. Certainly the people of St. Clair, no matter what may be the situation to-day, brought on by folly and fraud, were not, during the two decades from 1840 to i860, burdened with tax- ation. The clerk presented to the county court the following estimate of expenditures for the fiscal year ending May i, 1855: Building jail $ 800 00 Bridge on slough 75 00 Costs in criminal cases lOO 00 Ordinary expenses 1,000 00 Repairs in court house and square 100 00 $2,075 00 Cash on hand 1-355 48 Necessary to be raised $ 719 52 There was a population in the county at that time of not less than S.ooo souls, a poll of about 800, with an assessed valuation of $700,000, and they had the enormous sum of $719.52 to raise, of which $875 was for permanent improvements. Had it not been for that, they would have gotten through with what cash was already on hand, and had over $150 left. It is enough to make the old pioneer groan to see the growth of debt and expenses, as compared with the primitive ways of old. They can see that the country has progressed, but has it prospered, is the ques- tion that forces itself upon them. CHAPTER V. A COMBINATION OF SOLID FACTS MAKES CONTINUOUS j HISTORY. ' 1 I ELECTION ARRANGEMENTS- STATISTICAL AND OTHERWISE— SWAMP LAND REMARKS- BRAIN WAGES-MONTGOMERY'S GREAT EFFORT— OSCEOLA, JIM LANE-TOWNSHIP— , THE BOUNDARIES OF 1867— NAMES— ONCE MORE DIVIDED-AS IT WAS TO 1872. I ELECTION ARRANGEMENTS. '. i Changes in the settlement of the townships caused a change in many of their voting precincts, and for the annual election of 1854, the entire election precincts, or polling places, were made of record. Commencing at Monegaw Township, Coperas Springs, south of the present site of > Johnson City, was made the place. Speedwell came next, and William 1 Whitley's house was designated as the voting place, but not long after removed to Pleasant Hill School House, south and west of the Whitley Bend. Washington Township voted at the school house near William A. Jackson's. Polk followed at the residence of Andrew Baker, Jackson at D. L. Hamilton's old place, and Osceola at the court house. The only peculiarity about that election was that both in Polk and Washington \ Townships there was a tie on constable. The county court was the arbiter, and in the Polk Township case decided, as between Robert Hes- ( ter and Walker Jones, in favor of Hester, but in the Washington Town- ship case, as between George Rennison and Francis Yoast, the court found the thing so mixed and they were, as they expressed it, so " con- flusticated " that they were unable to decide the case satisfactory and dismissed it. Whether another election was called or whether the con- | testants pulled straws for the coveted prize is not found of record. , MELANGE. | The contract for building a jail, of which an estimate of $800 was made, was let to Lewis Fourmer for $685, which knocked off another hundred and odd dollars of taxation, leaving about $600 to raise to pay , all expenses. As "Montgomery" said, in his old settler's history, "taxa- | HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 869 tion did not trouble the old pioneer, and the tax gatherer was neither as important a personage as now or as uowelcomely received as in this day and generation," and "Montgomery" was right. By the by, " Mont- gomery," the able correspondent of the Sun, is no other than that hon- ored, respectable and high-toned citizen of Chalk Level Township, Mr. Owen Snuffer. It was decided also to fix up the court house yard in good style, and a contract was made with Mr. William H. Vaughan to set out in the court house yard seventy-five locust trees for the munificent sum of $to, and the sheriff was ordered to have the fence, gate and steps all put in order and be kept so during his term of office. What few locust trees now standing should be protected and trimmed. They cost money in the early days. Outside of the routine of daily life the county of St. Clair for the next few years had little passing that belongs to history outside of the one important fact that she grew and prospered. Osceola, the county seat, became a town of note and its population reached, at one time, between 1,300 and 1,500 souls. It became the southwestern depot for supplies, and was a wholesale market for a large portion of southwest Missouri. The county, of course, felt the inspiration. North of the Osage and west of that river, the land will vie with any in the state of Missouri, or any other state, in its productive capacity. South and east, while there is much good land, it is broken, hilly and stony, but what it lacks in the richness of soil is fully compensated by its infinite deposits of mineral wealth. But all this will be found in the chapter of the resources of St. Clair County, found further on in this work. STATISTICAL AND OTHERWISE. The assessment of St. Clair County, for 1855 was — Slaves $197,870 Personal property , .• i85>777 Money and notes 133,540 Real estate 212,027 Town lots 23,588 Total $752,822 The assessment of 1856 was $983,316. This increase was principally on the real estate, being something like $140,000, while the other $90,000 was divided between the other three articles of taxation. The receipts of 1856 amounted to $2,412 32 Including cash on hand and expenditures to 1,881 5^ $530 74 870 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. being the cash balance in the treasury. The assessments of i860, the latter just previous and the last before the war, will show what the peo- ple in St. Clair County lost in slave property alone, without taking into consideration the destruction of their homes and their personal property, outside of money and notes. Forty per cent, of their property was lost to them forever, and four years of labor added. The assessment of 1859 varied little Irom that of i860, being some $9,000 less in the aggregate, the real estate being $45,000 lower, and that difference made up in money and notes, the other items varying to make the above deficit or less aggregate amount. i860. 574 shares $ 285, 1 50 Money and notes 311 ,078 Other personal property 336,007 Real estate 1,140,456 Town lots 61,005 $2,133,706 Assessment 1855 752,802 Increase in five years $1,380,904 or nearly 300 per cent., while the total taxation \\^as about $3,500. This was remarkable, but it showed that it was really solid gain. The land was rated higher, but the demand from a rapidly increasing population warranted it. In fact, the county nearly doubled in population between 1850 and i860, its precise gain during that decade being ninety-two per cent. SWAMP LAND REMARKS. From 1854 to January, 1858, the principal business of the court was to dispose of the swamp land, and in this respect the highest praise can be given in the matter of selling, for among nearly a score of counties with which the writer has become acquainted, not one equaled in any respect the prices given in this county. Much of the money was lost by poverty brought on by the war, but much afterwards was saved, but not as agent of the county, Mr. Clarke thought, would equal the loss, in consequence of the land itself, in many cases, falling into the hands of the county again by failures. The amount of swamp land received by the county, and when and what it was sold for, and much other information relative to swamp lands, will be found in a chapter further along, under that head. It will be found interesting and instructive. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 8/1 THEIR SALARIES ARE RAISED. From the early days, before the fifties, the sum of two dollars a day was a big price, and the county court of St. Clair County, at its first ses- sion felt somewhat at a loss as to what compensation they should receive for their arduous duties as justices of the county court. William Gash, having a family of eight children and furnishing the rent of the court house free, thought one dollar per day was not out of the way. Mr. Hugh Barnett, Sr., not having at that time b^en a member of the legis- lature, coincided with Brother Gash, and thought one dollar was not too much, but Judge Montgomery had been there — he had been there sev- eral times, and knew brains were at a premium. In the legislature of his native state he had placed no less than three dollars in his pocket in watching during his first session how his fellow members done it, and while judge of the Henry County Court, and member of the Missouri State Senate, he knew what he was talking about, and he made, as he afterwards declared, the greatest effort of his life, or words to that effect, and Gash's old cabin rang with his eloquence, as he expatiated upon the value of their services as public servants who were, by their acts, to lay the foundation of a county, which in the future was to rank in wealth, enterprise and brain power with the most advanced in the state. He took his seat and a silence, deep and awful, fell upon those judges. Gash was overpowered, Montgomery had dropped exhausted from his masterly effort, and Barnett, with dim, but rising ambition, was studying the problem of compensation. Then a whisper broke the silence, and Judge Barnett moved in a voice scarcely audible, that $2 a day be allowed the county court. Mr. Gash, in a feeble voice, seconded the motion, and Judge Montgomery, presiding, promptly announced it carried, without the formality of a vote, and $2 per day was the salary of the justices until January, 1857, when it was raised to $3 per day. This is the story as told to us after forty-two years had gone fleeting by. In 1859, $548 was paid for a new tin roof for the court house, and $93 more for lumber to put the tin on. Then the court appropriated $125 to dig a well and cistern upon condition that the citizens contrib- uted the same amount. In January, i860, Osceola was given three voting precincts, Mone- gaw and Speedwell two, and the other townships remained with one each. Osceola took two sides of the court house and the old Snyder Mill, so called, on Muddy Creek, then owned by James Addington; Mon- egaw at Boot's Mill and at the town of Manoa; Speedwell, Pleasant Springs School House and at Brown's Mill, on Clear Creek, and the others at their usual places of voting. The same session the court granted $15 to help make a new survey of the town of Osceola. There was a new addition and it all was to be properly defined. 8/2 HISTORY OF ST. CT.AIR COUNTY. The period of the war was one fraught with troubles and vexations and its records, so far as county proceedings were concerned, were totally destroyed by fire, being, as the citizens believe, the work of an incendiary, instigated by interested parties. No evidence was forth- coming to show who were the principal person, or persons, or who were the instigators, but the belief exists, and always will, that those records were destroyed for a purpose in the early winter of 1864. The first record after July. 1861, commences January r, 1865. The blank in this is but partially filled, yet outside of the peculiar local character of these times, there is nothing much that history will find worthy of record. The heat of passion and the prejudices of the times, the troubles and trials of a county with but little law and order, is not a theme of pleasure to dwell upon. V DESTRUCTION OF OSCEOLA. This was the principal tragedy of the war, so far as St. Clair County was concerned, but it was enough. Jim Lane left a fearful record of his hands, but it was most terribly avenged. The livid glow of the torch and the rapid appropriation of the wealth of Osceola by the band of Jayhawkers under Lane, was a sight never to be forgotten. The people left their homes before the merciless horde, fearing lest they had no scruples to murder if their work of destroying the town was interferred with. They did their work thoroughly and well. The destruction of the town will be found graphically described in the history of the town- ship and city of Osceola. The doom of Lawrence, Kansas, took shape when Osceola fell, and was fearfully carried out. HOME MATTERS. Of course home matters were in a desperate strait. Taxes could not be collected, merchants were robbed, and when they went to col- lect debts due they found their customers and debtors in the same boat. The swamp lands and school lands had been sold and the money loaned, but pay day came amid the clash of arms and the destruc- tion of all values. Men who were rich became beggars, and neither private debts nor public debts could be collected from the debtors. Notes and ftiortgages remained impaired, and a fearful array of sjits were brought forth at the close of the internecine strife. In 1863 the delinquent tax list amounted to $4,748.77. This list increased in both the following years and proved the cause of infinite trouble before the people were able to pay it. There was previous to the war a large amount of money loaned out of the swamp and sixteenth section school lands fund, and in HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 875. the summer of 1865 the county court ordered suit brought at once, to collect or put in shape, the amount then found to be due, which was $22,599.82. The military bonds which had been issued in 1865 and 1865, were being presented for payment on taxes, etc., and that made money scarce in the treasury. The county court in session in July, 1865, decided to redeem the bonds of 1863 at par, and those of 1865 at eighty-five cents on the dollar. At the September term of the court, that honorable body voted themselves five dollars per day for services instead of three. The Bowles house inside the fort was used as a court house that year. About this time, John Wheeler, county assessor, presented his account for services rendered as assessor, and the following order is found of record: "Now at this day comes John Wheeler with his account against the State of Missouri, to wit: For listing 2,000 names at twenty cents per name, $150; which said account is found to be correct." Figuratively speaking, the above is a shining example of official mathematical proficiency. SOME ITEMS. Wolf scalps from 1865 to 1867 brought $3 each. Speedwell Township wanted to take in a part of Taber by making the congressional line between sections 37 and 38 the northern line of that township, but the proposition was refused and the Osage now was continued the line as before. The proposition advanced to appropriate $15,000 for a new court house gained favor and in June, 1866, that amount was appropriated by the county court. Following this came a remonstrance covering 187 names, but it fell upon barren soil. William O. Mead was appointed to superintend the construction. His first business was, however, to prepare plans for a court house and jail, and then advertise the same, which he attended to, and the con- tract was let to James L. Hicks. This contractor assigned his contract to John H. Brown, which Brown carried out, after having "one word " in his contract changed. This change was {rovci fine stone work to rubble or shuck, known as common stone work. The order was made to change the "word" aforesaid, on June 4, 1867, folio 211, book C. The con- tractor felt relieved and finished his contract according to the new stipu- lations. The Shields Brothers agreed to attend to the law business of the county for one year, from May, 1867, to May, 1868, for nothing; which offer the county court promptly accepted. 874 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Jackson Township was attached to Polk Township in June, 1866, which virtually extinguished that iron-hearted township, and it rebelled at the decree. The rebellion succeeded, and in January, 1867, Jackson again stepped forth a full-fledged township, whose rights there were none to dispute. The court house was completed and the first session of the county court held therein December 2, 1867, and the contractor received $14,840.43 for the work. The Sac River Bridge was let to contract May 7, 1868, at $5,100, and was completed September i, 1868. May 6, i858, Elias Disney, sheriff and collector, was asked to give an additional bond in five days of $84,000; he failed to do it, and was removed. Thomas B. Sutherland was appointed, and in the interval of his giving bond, J. Warde Gardner, coroner, was acting sheriff and col- lector. The county began to recover from the effects of the war after peace had spread her wings over the land, but that recovery was slow. Still the county was comparatively free from debt, and economy in county affairs had again assumed sway. The destruction of the county records had alarmed the people, for the reason that they believed they would not have been destroyed unless to cover up theft or extravagance, which would not bear the light of day. The canvass at the previous election had been exciting, the Conservatives had won the fight, and those who had ruled and controlled for nearly four years were compelled to give up their places and make room for the new order of things brought on by peace. A desire was expressed that war's extravagance should not continue, while a struggle was going on to build up the waste places and barren plains, the result of the strife. The election decided for law, order, economy and honest}', and the new state of affairs, under new officers, were to assume their places in history from January i, 1865. It was done, and also a new set of books had to be opened, for the record of four years was destroyed, and not a vestige of the doings of those years was left to tell the tale of either honesty or fraud. It was time a change was made. If the records of four years were worth burning, that of six or eight years would not want for a match to find themselves in ashes. Still, whatever wrong that fire covered up is past, and the future is nof likely to unravel it. So it will not be necessary to dwell upon it, but simply to record an act dark in its nature and susceptible of but one construction, and that was the concealment of fraud. The county court in 1867 concluded to publish the boundaries of the several townships, and make them of record, which was done. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 8/5 TOWNSHIPS. Ii: the loss of the county records by the raid of Jim Lane, a serious drawback was given to a complete history of the early actions of the county court, which required time and patience to overcome. The rec- ords missing were from its inception .to May, 1853, a period of twelve years. This missing part has been gathered, however, from, the old set- tlers of the county who are still living, and therefore there will be in this work almost a complete record of at least the important actions of the county court, and of events during that period. In July, 1867, the boundaries of the six municipal townships were slightly changed from the form they were made at the first session of the county court, in 1841. These changes, were, however, but slight, in fact although made, the people of the county knew little about them, except those living in the vicinity of the new and old lines of division. The great object was to have the record. The first and only attempt to change the old boundary lines was a petition from Speedwell Township, in May, 1866, to make congressional township line between townships 37 and 38, the north boundary of that township, from the Vernon County line to where said township line struck the river at the Montgomery bend, and then following the Osage to the mouth of the Sac, but the county court declined to make the change, and the Osage River was continued as its northern boundary. BOUNDARY OF 1 867. As mentioned above, there was a slight change made in 1867, which affected more particularly the eastern and northeastern sections of the county. This change gave the following tovvnship boundaries: OSCEOLA. Commencing at the Henry County line, at the center of town- ship 39, of range 26; thence south to the center of township line 37, range 26; thence east -to the west boundary line of township 37, of range 24; thence on a direct line north to the Henry County line. • MONEGAW. Bounded on the north by Henry County line; east, commencing at the Henry County line on the center line of township 39, of range 26; thence south to the Osage River; thence west, the Osage River being its south line, and west by Vernon and Bates Counties. [Should be west by Osage River and Bates County.] 876 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. ;* SPEEDWELL. The Osage River to be its northern boundary; the Sac River its east- ern boundary; south by Cedar County, and west by Vernon County. i WASHINGTON. i Bounded south by Polk County; thence commencing at the south- ; east corner of section 33, township 36, of range 24, and running north with the Hickory County line to the northeast corner of section 4^ ^ township 36, of range 24; thence west to the southeast corner of town- ' ship 37, range 2$; thence north to the northeast corner of section 24, \ township 37, of range 25; thence west on said line to Sac River; thence ! with Sac River to the northwest corner of section 16, township 36, of ' range 26; thence south to the Polk County line. j « POLK. I 1 Embracing township 37, of range 24, and the south half of township ; 38, of range 24. .1 JACKSON. i ! All of township 39, of range 24, and the north half of township 38,. I of range 24. 1 SOME MORE DIVISIONS. ] The growth of the county began to suggest smaller municipal 1 division and more of them. Voting precincts were too far apart to be ' at all convenient to the bulk of the voting population, and justices of the peace too scarce for business. This resulted in several petitions for 1 new townships in the next one and two years. . I Butler was the first township to be organized out of the original number, six, which had been the number since the county came into 1 existence. All of the townships were too large, and so the work of ; division, when once commenced, did not stop until nearly all the ori- ginal six had become reduced in their dimensions. Butler, as above j stated, was the first new township and Osceola the first to be despoiled. The following are the metes and bounds of * BUTLER TOWNSHIP. j It is ordered, adjudged and decreed that a new township be formed • out of the territory of Osceola Township, and bounded as follows, to wit: I On the north by the Henry County line; on the west by the eastern ; boundary line of Monegaw Township; on the east by the boundary line 1 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. ^"JJ of Jackson Township; south by the line dividing the tier of townships Nos. 38 and 39, it being- the east half of township 39, range 26, and the whole of township No. 39 of range 25. And it is further ordered that said new township be known and called Butler Township. This was in May, 1868. CHALK LEVEL. It was but a short time afterwards that another petition came in, and the organization of this township was consummated November 4, 1869, by the following order of the county court: Now, at this day, comes J. C. Trousdale, Rawley Llewellen and other citizens of Monegaw Township and ask that the court grant them a new township, their petition having been filed at the August term of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that it is to the interest of the people of said Monegaw Township that such a change should take place, it is therefore ordered by the court that a new muni- cipal township be established out of the territory of Monegaw Town- ship, to wit: Beginning at the northeast corner of section No. 3, township 39, of range 26, running west to the northwest corner of section 3, of township 39, of range 27; thence due south on said line to the Osage River, until it gets parallel with the beginning. And it is further ordered by the court that the name of said township as established be "Chalk Level Township, and that the clerk certify a true copy of the above to the secretary of state as required by law." This ended the matter for one year. At the end of that time it became Speedwell's turn to suffer a division, and from that we have ROSCOE TOWNSHIP. The petition was as follows: Whereas, it is shown that a petition was filed at the regular Novem- ber term, 1869, for a division of Speedwell Township, and no objections having been filed against the granting of said petition, and sufficient time having lapsed since the date of filing, and it appearing that it will be to the interest of the citizens of said township, it is therefore ordered by the court that said petition be granted, and to be divided as set forth in the petition, to wit: Commencing at the southeast corner of Speedwell Township ; thence north along its eastern boundary to the northeast corner of said township; thence westerly along its northern boundary to a point where the section line between sections 3, 4, 33, and 34, in town- ship 37, of range 27, intersects said northern boundary; thence south to the southern boundary of said township; thence east to the place of beginning, and that said new township be called and known as "Roscoe Township," February 11, 1870. This for a short time ended the new township business, but in 1880, Appleton City stepped to the front and asked that Monegaw might 878 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. again be despoiled, just a little for her benefit, say two-thirds of a con- gressional township. This was so modest, where modesty was hardly to be expected, that the county court could not refuse, and the result was the following petition, which was received and favorably acted upon: APPLETON TOWNSHIP. , Now at this day comes the said petitioners by their petition, and pray the court that a new municipal township be formed of the west ' two-thirds of congressional township 39, of range 28, to be known and ^ designated as Appleton Township, with a voting precinct at Appleton ' City, and that J. F. SIoss be appointed and commissioned a justice of the peace of said township. Ordered, that the petitioners' prayer be granted and a new township formed, as petitioned for, and J. F. Sloss be appointed and to become a justice of the peace, as prayed for. TAKER TOWNSHIP followed in August of the same year, and this was the boundary given her: • Now come certain citizens of township 38, of range 28, and ask the j court to grant a division of Monegaw Township, and establish a town- ship to be called " Taber Township," bounded as follows, viz: On the north by the township line between townships 38 and 39 from the Bates County line east to the line of "Chalk Level" Township; thence south < with said line to the Osage River; thence up said river to the Bates County line; thence with said line to the place of beginning. It is 1 ordered by the court that said new township be, and the same is, hereby ; erected and created under the name of "Taber" Township, and the i remainder of Monegaw Township, from which the said township of I " Taber" is hereby erected, to constitute the present township of Mone- ' gaw. August I, 1870. CHAPTER VI. A CHAPTER WHICH REFERS TO THE POCKET, AND EX- HIBITS SOME FIGURES. TAXATION— 1S61-1S71— VOTING POPULATION— HICKORY COUNTY'S FAILURE-POOR FARM- MONEY MATTERS— CHANGES-NEW COUNTY WARRANTS-ABOUT A NEW TOWNSHIP — LAND VALUATION IN 187-— COUNTY REVENUE— AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION— STEALING OF 1 HE BACK TAX BOOK— COUNTY SEAT REMOVAL- DELINQUENT LIST. TAXATION 1861-1871. The contrast between the tax books of 1861 and 1871, and the assessed valuation of the county, is a remarkable showing and rather appalling in its nature. The assessed valuation of St. Clair County in 1 861 was a total of $2,133,706. The taxation amounted to but about $3,500. Even this amount was not levied, as there was a considerable sum of money in the county treasury. This tax was so small that the people did not feel it. The assessed valuation in 1871 was a total of $2,943,196, an advance of about 39 per cent. Now look at the increase in taxes, from the tax books for 1871: County tax $55,041 35 School tax 24,869 19 State interest tax 7,327 99 State tax 7,377 99 Total $94,626 52 Here is the enormous total that the people had to pay in the shape of taxes in the year 1871. Had that tax been the same in proportion as that raised in 1861, the total tax would not have reached $6,000, yet the tax books show $94,626.52, or an increase of taxation alone of over $88,000. The whole property of the county was scarcely worth double this in 1845. VOTING POPULATION. While the census of 1870 only gave St. Clair County a population of 6,742, the registration of voters the same year shows that it must have exceeded 8,000. The registration by townships was as follows: 880 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COU^ITY. | Polk 87 Monegaw 231 Jackson 56 j Washington 146 j Osceola 258 Speedwell 97 Chalk Level 157 Butler 122 ! Roscoe 194 Total registration 1.348 1 The total registration in 1868 was 969, which shows an increase of 379, or over 40 per cent. This was a very handsome gain over 1868, and this was kept up the j entire decade from 1870 to 1880, few counties making more rapid pro- gress. HICKORY COUNTY WANTED IT. ! The people of St. Clair County got considerably excited in Decem- ber, 1872, by an attempt on the part of Hickory County to despoil her of two and a half congressional townships of land. The legislature was asked to take off from St. Clair one half of the township of Collins and all of Dallas and Polk, as now found, making range line 25, to township line 38, the boundary between Hickory and St. Clair, and then kindly consenting to allow St. Clair to retain Jackson Township, by making range line 24 the dividing line. This proposition, which the St. Clairites thought was equal to an iceberg in coolness, with something of the nature of a cast iron dog for cheek, was promptly, and as it proved, successfully resisted, and St. Clair held her own, and still holds it. It is evident that the boundary of St. Clair County, and the permanency of the county seat at Osceola, are settled questions among the people. The future is not likely to develop anything to alter this fiat of her citizens. ITEMS. The vote for the new township organization law. May 31, 1872, resulted in its acceptance by the people by a majority of 1,088, being 1,176 votes cast in its favor, to 85 against it. The change from supervisors to judges again, was in 1873. A large eagle was killed February 12, 1873, which measured from tip to tip— of the wings — eight feet two inches. Old settlers say it is the largest eagle ever killed in the county. It was killed in Roscoe Township by Alfred Burch, G. B. Parks, elected county judge in 1873, declined to serve, and Judge Thomas Henley was appointed by the governor in his place. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 88 1 . /. POOR FARM. The poor farm was purchased in 1871, Judge Henly acting for the county. The farm embraced a tract of 236 82-100 acres, on which was nineteen acres of wheat standing, for which the judge paid $2,900. He also paid $230 for a pair of good mules. The Florsheim farm of 120 acres was offered at $2,000, but declined, and the former purchased. This, it seems, did not suit some persons, and the county court went into an examination of the purchase, which it was reported had put money improperly into the pocket of Judge Henly. The investigation showed so plainly that the purchase was not only a fair one, but a good one, and that no stain rested upon the honor, integrity or manhood of Judge Henly, or upon Thomas B. Sutherland, that the county court dropped the whole matter with disgust. In October, 1872, an inventory was taken of property at the poor farm, which was reported as follows: Poor farm $2,900 00 Implements on poor farm 634 97 Other expenditures ^.307 20 Total cost $4,842 17 The commissioners reported" the poor well taken care of, but sug- gested that the fences needed better attention and more care taken of farm implements. The farm was purchased February 14, 1871, and its first manager was William P. Welch, who took charge and gave bond in the sum of $800 for the faithful discharge of his duties. MONEY MATTERS. The statement for the fiscal year ending May i, 1872, showed a very favorable exhibit: The county assessment and receipts were $13,070 45 County expenditures 10,928 42 Leaving this very handsome surplus $ 2,142 05 The same year the railroad fund collected amounted to $23,414 18 Paid out in interest 18,052 75 Railroad funds on hand $ 5,361 43 There was a still further payment of $3,950, but collections had also been made which nearly equaled it, and left a final balance of rail- road funds on hand at the above date of $5,302.59. This money, and some more of the same fund, was loaned out, and some trouble was raised over this action of the count}' court. 56 882 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. ANOTHER CHANGE. The new township organization law failed to give satisfaction in one particular and that was the county court being composed of four- teen supervisors, was too cumbrous and too expensive, and it was changed by act of legislation, to five judges; one to be voted for at large, to be the presiding justice of the county, and the others by dis- tricts; the four judges to hold respectively four, three, two and one years, to be decided by lot among themselves after their election. The board of supervisors therefore met together, divided the county into four districts and officiated at their own funeral in a dignified and sol- emn manner. Sadness somehow pervaded their meeting, for it was clearly to be seen that if five were chosen, nine would be left, if not more, for there might other candidates come forth and join the fray. The court, however, went manfully to work, and while sealing their own doom, divided the county into four judicial districts, as follows: District No. i. — Appleton, Taber, Monegaw and Chalk Level Town- ships. District No. 2. — Speedwell, Roscoe and Washington Townships. District No. 3. — Jackson, Polk, Dallas and Collins Townships. District No. 4. — Butler, Osceola and Doyal Townships. This division seemed satisfactory and an election was called which resulted in the selection for presiding judge, Asahel Heath. Those who were elected drew lots which resulted as follows: John P. Love, four years; T. J. Younger, three years; Thomas Henly, two years; John Breeden, one year. NEW COUNTY WARRANTS. There was, without doubt, a financial crisis pending. Money was a scarce commodity in St. Clair County. It was thought that relief would come by issuing county warrants in the form of bank bills, and the court decided to do so, and made an order to issue $25,000 in the denomina- tion of one dollar. These new warrants were printed in St. Louis, at a total cost to the county of $295. The matter can be better understood by the following article from the Osceola Democrat, December 6, 1873: The much talked of and anxiously looked for new county warrants have at length arrived and are being signed and distributed to those holding the old county warrants. We notice a great eagerness on the part of our citizens to get hold of them, and evident signs of relief are clearly to be seen. As to their great convenience as a circulating medium, no man will deny, and already we observe that our merchants are taking them as freely as the greenback paper. They are the prop- erty of the taxpayers of the county — their own paper — and they will circulate at par. Some little opposition existed to them at first, but that was soon put down by the unanimous sanction of the people, who needed HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 883 relief, and were demanding of the county court that they use the means within their power to grant that relief. That the prompt action in this matter by the court will be duly appreciated, no taxpayer will deny. By this method the county will save thousands of dollars, and the people be greatly relieved The example of other cities, towns and counties proves the practicability of the measure. Every assurance is given that the St. Clair County warrants will pass as freely in St. Louis as those of other counties and cities. The issue of these warrants gave financial relief, and the county warrants, which had been at a fearful discount, arose to par, being exchanged for the new issue dollar for dollar, and these latter notes used as currency. The county subsequently redeemed them, and those lost or destroyed by accident more than covered the original cost of issuing them. NOT GRANTED. A petition was put in circulation for the organization of a new town- ship out of Butler, Chalk Level and Monegaw, but which the county court refused to grant. ITEMS OF INTEREST. The Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad was assessed in 1874 at $67,400, being six and three-quarter miles within the county. This was at the rate of about $10,000 per mile. On an examination of the school and railroad fund it was found that $50,000 was outstanding, as loaned August i, 1874. This somewhat sur- prised the county court, and they ordered that all holders of the loan should give additional security when demanded, and that a thorough examination was also made in that particular. The office of "recorder of deeds" was made in 1874, the county showing a population of over 10,000. The circuit clerk and recorder had been, up to that date, one office. In granting this office under the law, the county court decided that no furniture was to be purchased, and the office should be in the same room with the circuit clerk. The rec- ords of the county court is again missing from September 11, 1874, to March, 1875. The census of 1876 gave St. Clair Count}^ a population of 11,242, and cost the state $407.26. About all the lawyers of Osceola were given a chance to make a fee out of the "back tax" business. The fee generally being 10 per cent, on actual collections. In 1877, August, Lawrence Lewis filed his bond for $130,000 as col- lector of the county, the office of collector and treasurer being one. The county records, or a portion of them, were stolen on the night of December 14, 1877. Five hundred dollars was offered for the thief or return of the records, but the reward was shortly after withdrawn. S84 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. In March, 1876, stock and implements to the poor farm were sold to the amount of $482.25. The back tax up to and including the year 1876, amounted to $78,- 043.13, and was reduced by collections to $62,529.06. This last sum was made up mostly by back taxes as follows: school tax, $15,275.67; railroad, $20,268.28; state, $9,966.70; county, $12,- ■849.78. This is what caused a stringency in the county finances. LAND AS ASSESSED BY TOWNSHIPS, 1875. Jackson, per acre $261 Butler, per acre 5 20 Chalk Level, per acre 4 05 Monegaw, per acre 5 08 Appleton, per acre 5 37^ Taber, per acre 4 42 Osceola, per acre 2 45 Polk, per acre 2 25 Dallas, per acre 3 45 Doyal, per acre 3 75 Roscoe, per acre 3 16 Speedwell, per acre . 4 42 Washington, per acre ■. 3 05 Collins, per acre . 2 40 The county revenue, its receipts, and the expenditures for 1875, is given, as it was about an average year. The fiscal year ending April I. St, 1876. RECEIPTS. Total receipts from all sources $ 11 ,497 48 EXPENDITURES. Total expenditure $8,058 12 Receipts in excess of expenditures 3,439 36 1877. Total revenue received during official year ending April 1st. .$10,026 61 Expenditures 8,892 81 $1,133 80 POOR FARM. Expenditures $i,333 33 Receipts 1,192 63 Mr. John W. Dooley's defalcation amounted to about $4,000 in round numbers, and the securities had to pay it. He left for Kansas, and up to this time has not returned. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 885 The amount that Elias Disney defaulted for was far more serious, being still in the neighborhood of $11,000. Mr. Disney has paid off a number of his bondsmen, but the county loses very little by either of them. The $22,000 missing railroad fund is the most serious loss, and of the county judges under whose administration it was spirited away two at least have left the county, with no prospects of returning. AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ASSOCIATION. The first incorporation of this kind was made July 23, 1874. It was called the St. Clair County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, and the incorporation was granted to G. W. Gabbert, R. White, James M. H. Ledbetta, W. S. Lock, Charles Green, et al. There was nothing of consequence done, and in fact proved a failure. The question of a fair was not, however, entirely lost sight of In the year 1876 it man- aged to take a new start, not altogether as a county organization, but as a joint effort on the part of the three counties of Henry, Bares and St. Clair. Appleton City, in the northwest corner of St. Clair County, was in a splendid central position to represent the three counties, being but one mile from the Bates County line and one and a half mile from that of Henry. The association made an excellent start in the spring of 1876, with stock taken to the amount of $2,000, and the first fair was held in September, 1876. St. Clair County took the most stock, and Appleton City was declared to be the location. Below will be found the names of the officers elected: President, A. McDougal; vice-presi- dent, A. B. Page; secretary, H. W. Grantley; treasurer, A. F. Wyckoff. Directors — A. B. Page, J. B. Newberry, B. D. Robinson, Bartlet Sherley and Samuel Shrout, of Bates County; Edward Mason, A. McDougal, W. P. Johnson, George Clark, W. M. Lewellen, F. Hoffstrom and A. M. Fer- guson, of St. Clair County, and George W. Holland, of Henry County. The association is still in prosperous existence, with fairs held annu- ally and very liberal premiums given. TAX BOOK TAKEN. The next most serious complication was the stealing of the tax book. A party came into town Tuesday, May 20, 1879, about midnight, looked up Treasurer VVonacott and had him open the collector's office, where they hunted up the back tax book containing the delinquent state, county, school, township and railroad taxes for 1877, which they carried off. The object they intended to accomplish was to avoid pay- ment of railroad tax. This was a high handed act and not in any case justifiable. The official action of the county authorities was the follow- ing : 886 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. To Jerome B. Jennincrs, county attorney of the County of St. Clair, in the State of Missouri: You are hereby notified that a body of armed men called at the house of my deputy, in the town of Osceola, county of St. Clair, and state of Missouri, on the 20th day of May, A. D. 1879, about the hour of midnight; demanding that he accompany them to the court house. Finding him sick and unable to comply with their demands, they went to the house of Mr. K. B. Wonacott, overpowering him and forcing him to accompany them to my office, from whence they took and carried away the Back Tax Book for the year 1877. This notice is given you that you may take such steps for the recov- ery of the same, and arrest of the perpetrators of the act, as you may deem proper. Witness my hand as collector of the county and state aforesaid, this 2 1st day of May, A. D. 1879. WILLIAM M. LEWELLEN. Collector of St. Clair County, Missouri. By Thomas D. Hicks, Deputy Collector. In pursuance of the above notice, I found, through the aid of George C. McNeil, constable of Osceola Township, the charred remains of one book, consisting of a part of the back, in the Osage Hills, south of Osce- ola and returned the same to the collector. J. B. JENNINGS, Prosecuting Attorney. It amounted to nothing, the parties to the crime being unknown. REMOVAL OF THE COUNTY SEAT. Appleton City was quite anxious a few years since to secure the county seat. She had, however, been so affected with the " big head " that instead of trying to making friends with the people of St. Clair County, made every possible effort to get herself disliked. Her papers were a terrible misfortune to her, as they, or most of them, had little but abuse for Osceola, while they claimed to be located in the very center of the "promised land." This was in a measure true. Appleton City can boast of a country surrounding her unsurpassed for its richness of soil and prolific production, but she was and is located in St. Clair County, and it would have been better to have joined hands with the people in all sections of the county than to claim so much independence of the one and her adoration for Bates and Henry. Under this state of affairs, although the southeastern townships seemed to have tried to " bite off their noses to spite their faces," the vote showed that the Appleton Cityites lacked 604 votes of the amount needed — a two-thirds majorit}- — the vote in November, 1880, being: For removal i-SS^ Against removal 980 376 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 88/ This small majority was rather disheartening-, and it will probably never be tried again. Osceola will always be the county seat. ADVANCING. The past few years have been prosperous ones for St. Clair County, and when her troubles are settled in regard to her railroad bonded debt, she is likely to prosper more rapidly. That she is improving financially, can be seen by the gradual lessening of the delinquent list from year to year for the past half decade. The figures tell their own story, and the improvement is marked. The delinquents for the past five years are in the following amounts: 1882, $4,210.74; 1881, $5,190.69; 1880, $5,811.78; 1879, $6,966.38; 1878, $7,004.14. This is certainly a gratifying reduction, and if St. Clair County's financial affairs are handled with sound judg- ment, her future is extremely bright and promising. DRUNK — INCAPACITATED. The following story is a pretty good one on one of the early courts, including clerk and sheriff, and it is given as told to us by one of the early county judges, who claims that it happened previous to his occu- pying a seat as one of the justices of the county court. Charles P. Bul- lock was clerk of the court, and occasionally, while getting too much of the "ardent," could pretty well realize his situation, and had, when "half seas over," a sort of solemn way with him, that at times was extremely amusing. While Joseph Montgomery was the presiding justice, he was afflicted with a great desire to sleep, which in his later years seemed to grow on him. While presiding at court if business would stop, he would go right off to sleep. At the sitting of the court mentioned, Bullock had about as much as he could carry, and while the court room was full business came to a stop, Judge Montgomery went to sleep, and soon Bullock arose and said in a solemn manner, " I move that this court adjourn, for the reason that the clerk is incapacitated fordoing business." The two judges voted his proposition down. He again arose, and steadying himself by the table said. "I move that this court adjourn for the reason that the sheriff and clerk are both incapacitated for doing business." The judges looked solemn, but again voted down his proposition. This seemed to stagger Bullock for a moment, then he again arose, courteously bowed to the judges, and straightening himself up, said, " I move this court adjourn for the reason that the presiding justice is asleep, and that the court, sheriff and clerk are drunk." This was a self-evident fact, and more than the crowd could stand, and they received it with a shout that made the old court house ring. The court adjourned. CHAPTER VII. ST. CLAIR COUNTY— ITS PHYSICAL FEATURES AND RE- SOURCES. BOUNDARY AND WEALTH-AREA AND WATER SUPPLY— PHYSICAL FEATURES— THE INDI- ANS' ELYSIUM-SAC RIVER— FARM AND STOCK— A RETROSPECT— MINERAL WEALTH -SILVER-SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE SILVER EXCITEMENT— PURE GALENA- IRON AND COAL FIE. DS, LMM ENS K— GOLD, SILVER, COPPER AND NICKEL. BOUNDARY AND WEALTH. The county is bounded on the north by Henry, on the south by Cedar, on the west by Bates and Vernon, and on the east by Hickory and Benton Counties. The country east and west of the Osage and Sac Rivers is more or less rough, abrupt, hilly and broken, and covered with a magnificent growth of heavy walnut, burr oak and ash, on the hill sides, and in the bottoms, on the streams and along the ravines. On the hills and uplands are to be found the different kinds of oak, hickory, elm, cedar, pawpaw, sugar maple and cherry in abundance. There are several tracts of excellent prairie land in the south and east part of the county, and this section has not been credited with what is really her just dues. While the rough and broken country is not of much value for agricultural purposes, it is an invaluable one for stock raising, for there are no better grass lands to be found. And then again, these hills and bluffs are not, perhaps, in reality less valuable than the beautiful, smiling prairies with its fruitful soil and generous and even prolific harvest. Those rough hills are full of minerals, lead, silver, coal, iron and copper, and are to be found in immense quantities and fully thirty kinds of mineral paint can be dug out of these hills. Osceola is underlaid with cement rock of a superior quality. All this is independ- ent of its wealth of timber. PHYSICAL FEATURES. Its physical- features are, in the north and west, of as beautiful roll- ing and undulating prairies as man's eye has ever rested upon, and for deepness and richness of soil is unsurpassed. Upon the Monegaw and Osage a wealth of timber is found, and in water, timber, soil and pro- HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 889 duction it is one of the favored spots of earth, and bears an advanced position as a part of that beautiful, fruitful and far famed country known as Southwest Missouri. AREA AND WATER SaPPLY. St. Clair County has an area of about 695 square miles, and in acres of 444,837 79-100. Just the exact number of acres can only be had by going over the fractional sections in detail, but it wont fall an acre short of the above, but will probably exceed it a tew acres. The county is thirty miles wide, by twenty-one and five-eighths miles north and south, less three square miles in the southeast corner. There is then to be added fifty-two sections in congressional township 36, and nearly two sections of land in the bend of the'Osage in the northwest corner of the county. WATER. The Osage River enters the county about the center of the western border. Its course, generally, is east until near the center of the county; thence the stream runs northeast for some eight miles, when its course changes to due north to within a mile of the northern edge of the county. Here it runs east, south and north, and again repeats its serpentine twist- ings, after which it leaves the county at the northeast corner. The Osage is navigable for small boats throughout the entire length embraced in St. Clair. During its wanderings in the limits of the county it attains a length of sixty miles or more, thus watering a large area of country and affording an unlimited water power for manufactories, mills, etc., etc. Sac River^ next to the Osage in size and importance, enters the county midway on the southern border, and its general course is east of southeast, forming a junction with the Osage near the center and three miles above Osceola. It waters the country for a distance of twenty- five miles and affords excellent water power for machinery. In the eastern portion of the county are Hogle's Creek, Bear Creek, Weaubleau' Creek and Bush Creek, all of which empty into the Osage River. In the southern part are Coon Creek, Brush Creek and Turkey Creek, which find an outlet in Sac River. In the western part are Sims' Creek, Coon Creek and Little and Big Clear Creek, which (except the Little Clear) empty into the Osage, and are between the Osage and Sac Rivers. The above creeks are south of the Osage and most of them head tjeyond the limits of the county. North of the Osage are Little and Big Monegaw, Salt Creek, Galli- nipper and Muddy. 890 HISTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. In addition to the large rivers and creeks enumerated above, the entire county is traversed by small creeks and rivulets arising from the numerous springs which burst forth indiscriminately here and there, fur- nishing not only an abundance of water for stock, but a pure, cold and sparkling beverage for man. Whenever necessary, water can be obtain- able at a depth of from twelve to thirty feet and in a quantity adequate for all farm uses. In addition to this wealth of waters, St. Clair County is famous for sulphur springs, whose medical waters are not surpassed in the United States. The best known, and which is famous for the medical proper- ties of its waters, are the Monegaws. These are not surpasseded by the famous Eureka Springs, of northwest Arkansas. Had St. Clair County the facilities to reach these springs which she ought to have had, they would have been, ere now, as extensively patronized, as they are k:.ovvn to be famous for their medical properties. But no railroads, no tele- graph, no bridges, with no road in fact, the people of St. Clair County robbed though they have been, have not made the most of their oppor- tunities. A wealth of soil, of timber, of minerals and of medical springs, yet all is yet in its infancy, although a half century has passed since its settlement. The Osage River, as above remarked, is navigable for small steam- ers as far up as Osceola and Roscoe, about six months in the year, and it should be made a navigable stream the year round. Railroads have been petted and fostered, and a kingdom in area and wealth given them, but nature's highway by the hands of the Almighty, for man's use and man's benefit, is contemptuously thrown aside; yet, if fostered, would add untold wealth to the people, by curbing the monster railroad mon- opoly within the bounds of reasonable charges, instead of extortionate rates. It will be a sorrowful day for the people of St. Clair when they allow the Osage River to become other than a public freight highway. THE INDIAN'S ELYSIUM. ' Among the beautiful streams which abound throughout the state of Missouri, few can be found that surpasses the Sac River. Its clear and rapid waters, bold bluffs, wooded hills and shady ravines, it was for cen- turies the favorite home of the Osages, and the famous Monegaws, their chief, when the pale faces took possession of the country, made a des- perate effort to retain possession of this beautiful river, and the lands upon its banks. Here, near the confluence of the Osage and Sac Rivers, was his summer home, and the caves found along the banks of the Osage made a shelter for him and his band of warriors in their vain attempt to prevent the pale faces from taking possession of his beautiful country. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 89 1 FARM AND STOCK. Now it is not to be wondered at that with all the resources thus found, to combine almost within the limits of the county the resources of a state, that the outlook for the future of St. Clair County is one of undoubted prosperity. The shackles of a bonded debt, and the curse of a land monopoly, are to be removed, however, before the full sunlight of prosperity can become perfect day. When that time comes, then will St. Clair County take her proper place as one of the richest and most populous counties in the state. Remove these terrible drawbacks to prosperity and immigrants will find a home here, and progress will become a watchword among her people. Her rich prairies will team with growing crops, and her hills and valleys with lowing herds, for the Almighty has blessed this land with all the attributes of a stock raising country. Perhaps the following from the Osceola Sun will express these facts more fully than the writer of these pages. It says: There is not a single element of the perfect stock country wanting in the climate, grasses, water supply, atmosphere, soil and position of St. Clair County. Here is the equable, medium and genial climate of Central Ohio and Middle Pennsylvania, tempered to high, healthful tone by the life-giving breeze from the wide-spreading plains of Kansas, — a climate whose every influence tends to health and longevity in men, animals and vegetation. The water supply, natural shelter of the densely wooded valleys and ravines, the marvelous growth of wild and domestic grasses, the immense corn cribs filled to repletion, the mild open winters, in which grazing rarely fails for more than sixty or eighty days, and the unaccountably cheap lands, make a superb stock country of this. For cattle, sheep and svvine husbandry, it has no superior in America. Even the stony, flint ridges are covered with a magnificent growth of wild grass. These hills being unfit for cultivation, will always give ample stock range. Then there is no part of St. Clair in which stock water is not abundant and the supply never-failing. Half the hogs fattened in the county never ate an ear of corn, their sole feed having been the " mast " which grows profusely upon the uncultivated portions of the county — hickory nuts, hazle nuts, acorns, etc. Sheep raising constitutes an important factor in farming. This county offers this industry many and vast advantages, the principal cost being in securing a herd for a start and providing a shelter. FARMING LANDS. While much has been said of its stock raising facilities, its farming lands are not behind. North of the Osage River and in the western portion of the county, is to be found the richest farming lands in Southwest Missouri, There is not much attention given to tame grasses, the prairie grasses furnishing sufficient hay and pasture for all 892 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. purposes, besides leaving a large surplus of hay which is shipped to other places. Timothy, blue grass and clover do well, and millet and Hungarian yield an immense crop. The prettiest undulating prairie land to be found in this country is in the northern and western portion of this county. You may take it in any direction within twelve or fifteen miles of Appleton City, and a richer soil and a country that lays better for farming is not to be found. The country is nearly level, just rolling enough for good natural drainage, and except where the pretty farm house, the neat trimmed hedge of Osage orange, the large herds of cattle and sheep, or the newly plowed cornfield breaks the monotony of the view, the whole county looks like one broad carpet of richest emer- ald. Such a country is hard to imagine. One must see it to appreciate its natural beauty and the fertility of its soil. Wheat, corn, barley, flax, tobacco, etc., yield well, and fruit raised in this county cannot be excelled, and the crop is most always a sure one. The yield of wheat will average from twenty to twenty-five bushels per acre, and of corn thirty-five to sixty-five bushels. With thorough cultivation farmers fre- quently excel these figures, and many of the bottom farm.s will pro- duce sixty and seventy bushels of corn per acre. Oats, rye, flax, barley, broom corn, sorghum, buckwheat and hemp yield well. Now in this connection, and for the truth of the preceding pages, some account should be given of what St. Clair County has done in a productive capacity. Taking her population the comparison can be made, and when so made it will be found that her wealth of soil has not been exaggerated, and that there are but few counties in the state that can show a better record, if there are any. A RETROSPECT. Before the resources are gone into in detail, let us refer to the fact that while growing faster than almost any county in the state previous to the war of 1861, the ten years succeeding that was one of almost death. Every muscle and fiber of her body has been vvrenched and paral}'zed through the period of strife, which not only devastated her fields, but drove her people from their homes. The following short sketch is given, from Campbell's history: " St. Clair County grew steadily until the war, when it was invaded by detached bodies of soldiers. Citizens were dragged from their homes at night and murdered, their houses burned and their families left desti- tute and terror stricken. On September 2, 1861, Osceola, then a consid- erable town, having a large trade with Arkansas and the Indian Terri- tory, was entered by General Jim Lane's command of about 1,500 men, and its court house and all other buildings except ten houses, were plun- dered and burned. A long line of wagons bore away the booty." ^ HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 893 This destruction of her leading town by the Jayhavvkers, and the overrunning of her territory, leaving desolation in their path, destroying the fruits of years and driving away her people, was a serious blow to her progress for many long years. In 1870 St. Clair County had a less population than in i860. Thus not only had that decade been the des- truction of her wealth, but she had even ceased to grow. Before the war, no doubt, her growth and prosperity was due, to a large extent, from the Osage River. Here were transportation facilities enjoyed by few counties, but the advent of railroads and the destructive influences of the war gave her a set back which has not even yet been recovered fully, notwithstanding the gigantic struggle she has made the past twelve years. As before remarked, remove the shackles of a monumental fraud and of her land monopoly, and St. Clair County will arise, and with the strength of a giant, assert her right to rank in all the elements of pros- perity, and in the culture and refinement of her people, with the best in the land. Her granite rock, her iron beds, her immense coal measure, her wealth of timber and the determined energy of her people, will prove her future station in the sisterhood of counties. The immigrant can find no better or cheaper home than in St. Clair County, and soon the iron horse and the electric wires will place her in contact with the outside world. Then those so fortunate as to have a home here will thank God and prosper. Before the statistics of her farm and stock are entered here, and the wealth of landed estate and personal property, something can be said of her mineral resources. That St. Clair County is immensely rich in coal and iron, is well known. That there is also lead in paying quantity is also well known, as well as her mineral paint and cement. Silver, cop- per and nickel have also been found, and it is believed by many that silver will yet be discovered in inexhaustible quantity. That indications are such is certain. MINERAL WEALTH. Whether coal can be called a mineral may be doubted, but it is, nevertheless, found under this head in this work. St. Clair County is, at least one-third of its territory, underlaid with a fine article of bituminous coal, with veins from twelve inches to six and seven feet in thickness. The veins so far discovered are generally from three to four feet in thick- ness and lie, comparatively speaking, close to the surface, being found from six to seventy-five feet in depth. These veins not only are found in hills, but upon the prairies. A three-foot vein of coal is found on sec- tion_i5, township 38, range 26. Another mine, with a vein fully as thick, within a mile and a half of Osceola, while the western part of Taber, in Monegaw and Chalk Level their entire southern portions, covering one- 894 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. third of their area, are all underlaid with coal, the veins running from three to six feet in thickness. When better transportation facilities are provided that section of St. Clair County will be a perfect mining camp. The basil rock in the north and western portion is limestone, under- neath which is found rich deposits of coal, which will richly pay for min- ing. Coal mines have been profitably wo/ked in different parts of the county, particularly in townships 37 and 39, range 27, and townships 36 and 38, range 26. The coal is of superior quality, ranging from two and a half to five feet in thickness, and is said to be equal to the best char- coal for working iron or steel. There is not much inducement to develop the rich coal deposits for home use, owing to the large amount of timber in the county. Mineral can be found in abundance all along the Osage cliffs. Some may ask why these mines are not opened. It is simply because the peo- ple have not the capital to develop them. The wealth is here, that is certain, and the coal mines of St. Clair County will some day prove of great wealth, and in supply simply inexhaustible. SILVER. The finding of silver in several places in the county has in times gone by created much excitement. There is not the least doubt that silver in good paying quantity will yet be mined in this count}'. A short time since, silver was discovered about one mile from the Horse Shoe Bend, on and near the Osage River, and within a few miles of Osceola. W. S. Gordon & Sons, Dill & Son, Hotchkiss, Patterson & Keith, men of experience, prospected for silver with strong hopes of yet finding it in paying quantities. One of the gentlemen was an old experienced miner, who had been in California, Colorado and Montana, and knows what "paying rock" is, and has faith in the development of the silver ore in these hills. Another excitement was created by finding silver on Bush Creek. Silver was found there a few years ago on the farm of Mr. W. Lamey, but has since died out, owing to the fact that while ore was found that would assay from ten dollars to eighty dollars per ton, it required capi- tal to work it. The search was not continued, and whether it exists in paying quantity has not since been ascertained. Specimens of ore from different sections of the county have been assayed and both silver and gold found. The greatest excitement with regard to finding silver was in 1872, when it was discovered in Hickory as well as in St. Clair County; and the following from the St. Louis Rural World will be of interest now> and much more so when capital shall have developed the wealth that is surely hid among the hills and ravines of this and adjoining counties. ■ HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 895 The article put a damper on those who believed in the metal being found in quantities; but since the article was written, there has been unmis- takable evidence that silver in St. Clair County is a solid reality. The Rural World said: THE SILVER EXCITEMENT IN ST. CLAIR AND HICKORY COUNTIES. On Bear Creek, in township 38, range 24, St. Clair County, for four months there has been great excitement over ore that has been found, supposed CO be silver. This mmeral occurs in a hard, carboniferous lime- stone, in a disseminated state, and in considerable quantities. After its discovery by Renfro & Milear the contagion spread, and James Anterby, Mr. Harding, A. J. Gibson, W. V. Rrdges, Jasper Bridges, Elisha Bridges, John Smith, John Keaton and John Morris have prospected, mined, blasted, dug, sweat, hoped, imagined, and no doubt prayed, for the great flow of treasure they were certain was soon to pour into their coffers. But days hurried into weeks, and months took on their record of time; men might be seen in groups, in silent, watchful moods, whis- pering of probable fortunes to be lost, or torn from them by some wiley miner, mineral company or lawyer sharper, who might be then spying out their hidden home of wealth. Haggard, eager, expectant and wan faces peer out from many places, as if weary of waiting, but yet san- guine of the coming of the silver treasure. News of silver was received ot such virgin purity that it was malleable enough to hammer out into sheets; every man in the vicinity was carrying a "pocket full of rocks," some of which reached our city through the hands of Hon. J. H. Bohn. By solicitation of Mr. J. S. Maffinger, of Hickory County, we visited this locality, and found the state of excitement above described. An examination made presents sulphuret of iron, pyrites of iron, antimony and carbonate of lime, with traces of nickle. There is connected with this excitement a legend of immense min- eral wealth found by the Spaniards long ago, and that a Spaniard a few weeks ago visited this locality and offered $500 to any one who would show a certain rock with some characters or designs upon it; the Span- iard went away, and to make the story a good one, the stone must be found. Accordingly, a stone said to contain a "turkey foot" and signs cut into it was at last discovered. Many have gazed in wonder and admiration at the characters, cut by some intelligent Castillian to hand down to other races of old Castile, the abiding place of untold wealth. The spot became almost sacred; worshippers came a long pilgrimage to the "turkey foot" Mecca, and gazed, wondered, admired and retreated backward, gazing as they went. Being shown to the secluded valley, where this stone with the mys- terious markings had been carried and hidden, we found simply a large flat stone whose surface bore the fissures and furrowings by the action of water upon the softer portions of the exposed surface. The imagina- tion had to be wonderfully drawn upon to present the faintest approach to the figure of a "turkey's foot." The power of a strong glass gave no trace of the work of a tool of any kind. The vicinity is no doubt rich in several valuable minerals, but there is no trace of silver to be found in any of the ores yet mined." 896 HISTORY OF ST. CLA.1R COUNTY. This closes the record of silver, but the fact that it does exist and in large quantity is fully believed, for evidence is not wanting of the "find," and the purity of the metal. PURE GALENA. That lead of a fine quantity and inexhaustible in quantity, lies under the surface of a considerable portion of St. Clair County is a fact too easily of proof to be gainsaid. The tollowing trom the Osceola Demo- crat was published in 1873. FINDING OF PURE GALENA LEAD ORE. Within the past twelve months frequent discoveries of lead have been made in this county, but by most persons it was thought not to exist in what is usually termed " paying quantities." On Tuesday last we were shown by Hon. Waldo P. Johnson one of the finest specimens of lead ore we have ever seen, consisting of a small lump weighing six pounds two ounces, which at first sight appears to be a lump of pure lead, as if having been run into a lump and then pressed flat, but an examination of it proves to be incorrect, as by striking on it with some hard substance, it crumbles. It is fully ninety per cent, lead, which will at once be observed to be a very superior ore. It was found on Sac River, about 10 miles south of Osceola. No man well versed in the mineral resources of this county, doubts that if the means were at hand to develop them, the quantity and qual- ity of the minerals of the county would be immense and superior. Enter- prise and capital is all that is wanting. Since the above was written, lead has been found perhaps in fifty ■different places, all showing ore of great purity. Scattered over the extent of country which these indications sho.v, there is an immense amount of this article to be found by a thorough prospecting of the country. In fact, it is hard to tell just what minerals underlie the sur- face of St. Clair County. Gold, silver, iron, copper, nickel, have been found, by accident in most cases. Coal and iron is apparent enough; the others will have to be more thoroughly developed to judge what their value may be, with the exception of lead, which is surely here, and in quantity simply infinite. In 1880, the Osceola Sun published the following in regard to a lead found in Monegaw, a distance of nearly twenty miles from that found on the Sac River. The Sun, after speaking of coal says : " LEAD has also been discovered in these rough regions, and unless the surface indications are false, and different from that of the lead region about Short Creek, Joplin, Granby, etc., there is abundance of it in this country. HI3T0RV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 89/ We have in our office specimens of the silver, iron and lead taken out of these hills by mere surface prospecting, and are satisfied from the speci- mens and indications that it will pay to go deeper. We saw some speci- mens of silver ore from the Hugh Johnson mines, in Monegaw Town- ship, which are said to contain silver in paying quantities, but as our time was too limited to visit the mines, we cannot judge of the quantity of the ore, except from hearsay, which places an almost fabulous value, not only on the silver, but also on the lead deposits found on the John- son farm and in the immediate vicinity." Take the range of hills which line the banks of the Osage and Sac Rirers, and you will find every kind of mineral and coal upon the surface, not in large quantities to be sure, but such surface indications as show plainly that under the sod and down among the rocks and deep in the bowels of these hills untold wealth lies yet hidden from sight. But the day is not far distant when the undeveloped resources of these bluffs will be brought to the light of day, and the eye feast upon untold wealth. IRON. It has long been demonstrated that there is an unlimited supply of iron ore, containing a paying per cent, of pure iron, in the hills of the Osage in this county. Jackson Township is rich in this metal, and it covers nearly one-third of the township. Splendid specimens have been picked up in Doyal, Dallas, Polk, Osceola, and in many other places, that it requires no further proof of the fact that it is here in large quan- tities, and that it belongs to that valuable ore known as brown hematite, while both specular and red hematite have been found as well. St. Clair County is rich in iron ore. COPPER AND NICKEL. Of copper and nickel, specimens have been found showing these minerals are here, but the indications have not been so great as to give any very great confidence that it exists here in large quantities. There is a strong belief that copper will be developed largely at some future day, and that a nickel mine will yet be unearthed of great value, but even if in these two minerals there should be found "but a limited supply, there will be found enough of the others mentioned to give St. Clair County a front rank among the mineral counties of the state, while in agricultural resources and stock raising, she will be fully abreast of her sister counties. CHAPTER Vlll. AGRICULTURAL AND STOCK STATISTICS. AGRICULTURE AND STOCK-GRAZING LANDS— ITS YIELD— FRUITS— PROGRESS IN ALL THINGS— COMPARISON MADE-CENSUS OF 1876-POPULATION— STOCK— PRODUCTS— THE YIELD OF 1880— STOCK RE'lURNS OF 1880-82— ASSESSMENT AND ASSESSED VAL- UATION. AGRICULTURAL AND STOCK. The portions of St. Clair County which are of agricultural worth and for stock raising purposes has proved, without exception, to be rich and productive. The north and west is perhaps the richest part of the county. The soil is deeper and stronger than is found in the eastern part, but still in every part of the county will be found land rich and soil strong, capable of a steady drain for years without exhaustion. The climate, soil, production and splendid water supply makes it unsur- passed, if not unequaled, as a stock raising country. Stock can graze nearly the year round, and but partial feeding is indulged in three months of the year. These facts, if more generally known, would be of great advantage to the county. Immigration might be turned to her fertile prairies, and her cheap lands for grazing purposes would invite the seeker after homes to settle here; but hiding your light under a bushel, people of St. Clair County, will not populate your waste places or bring to your uncultivated field the brawn which, with the help of Providence, makes waving fields of grain and herds on every hill. St. Clair has an inviting field for the immigrant; let this fact be known and its prosperity will be increased manyfold. Just what the early times produced in the way of cereals no record was ever kept. The assessed valuation of the county from year to year was a good criterion of her advancement; yet it had to be divided between the increase of personal property and the advance put upon real estate or from a greater amount of improved land placed upon the tax books from year to year. Since the war the economy rule has not been quite so much indulged in this particular, and there have been sev- eral publications of the growth of cereals, the increase of stock, etc. St. Clair County is adapted to the growth of corn, potatoes, wheat rye, oats, barley and the grasses. Tobacco, hemp, flax, broom corn and sorghum can be grown to great perfection and give splendid yield, but HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 899 up to this time they have not been cultivated to an extent beyond the need of home consumption. A few years ago the luxuriant prairie grasses formed the principal food, and the prairies the grazing ground for all kinds of stock. Of late years, however, the ranges have beert largely curtailed by new comers, and the rich prairies have been fenced in. Timothy and blue grass grow finely, and in many places the latter seem to come up spontaneously, crowding out the prairie grass by its- rapid growth, and especially in the uncultivated fields laid waste by the war. Of late years stock raising has been a prominent feature with the farmers of the county, and many of them are devoting their time to the improvement of their herds and in importation and breeding of fine stock. Its the stockmen's own country. FRUIT. In fruit there is no better county, but it has not been given that attention which its value, as well as its health giving qualities,, deserve. There are, however, some fine orchards, and one which can be mentioned is that of Robert White, of Chalk Level Township. Apples are a sure crop. Peaches, pears, and in fact all small fruits, are as though indigenous to the soil, and can be raised with great ease and with little care. Berries grow wild, and the gardens yield prolific wherever they- are cultivated. All these are but little grown, and it would be a paying; business, from the fruitfulness of the soil, to raise fruits and berries, if a way was secured to get them to market. These things will only be cul- tivated for home use until the advent of railroads. PROGRESS OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. In the growth and progress of St. Clair County, as written by" decade, her true prosperity is known, is seen and felt, that progress and that prosperity had advanced in a wonderful degree during the decade between 1870 and 1880. The previous ten years between i860 and 187O' had told fearfully against her, and neither the value of real estate or personal property or the population was as much in the latter year as iiu i860. But the process of recuperation had been going on for five years yet it had not been able to meet the drain of the preceding five years^ so that it fell far short of the values of ten years before. In 1879 a crime was committed in the stealing and destruction of the back tax books of 1877, which dastardly act excited a St. Louis paper to comment vigorously, not only upon the act, but also reflected severely upon the people of the county and its resources. The paper was lamentably ignorant for one which claims to be among the foremost in the state in knowledge and enterprise. 900 (ITSTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. i It was ably replied to, and received such an excoriation that it left it in a very damaging condition mentally. However, the paper man- aged to recover sufficiently to slightly deprecate its unfortunate casti- gation, and call for proof. The answer admirably set forth the growth and progress of the county from 1870 to 1878, from carefully compiled statistics that could not be questioned, and from 1870 to this date, 1883, the progress and development of St. Clair County has had few equals among the sisterhood of counties in the state. STATE CENSUS. * The most complete exhibit of the county's productive capacity is that given for the year 1876, being compiled under state auspices, and covered the whole ground, both in population and progress. Compare this table with the census of 1886, when taken, and the real progress of St. Clair for the decade can be clearly seen. The following are the census returns of 1876: White males 5.619 White females 5-374 Total whites 10,993 Colored males I19 Colored females 120 Total colored 248 Total population 11 ,242 Horses 5J048 Mules 1,268 Jacks 23. Jennets 8 Cattle 17.925 Sheep II ,094 Hogs 17,^34 Bushels wheat 27,253 Bushels corn 1,346,915 ' Bushels oats 75.471 Bushels flax 43.^97 Bushels rye 616 Pounds tobacco 42-544 Pounds wool 23,047 Tons hay 24,577 Gallons wine 70 Gallons molasses 54-703 Money, notes, bonds and other credits $1 13-^45 All other personal property 130,489 Total valuation by the assessor 665.836 Valuation of real estate 1,422,327 This statement is full and complete, showing population and products. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 901 The yield of grain in St. Clair County in 1880 showed, in some res- pects, a wonderful increase. The yield of cereals was: Corn, 50,502 acres — 1,614,817 bushels; wheat, 13,207 acres — 121,961 bushels; Oats, 5,305 acres — 77,132 bushels; Rye, 94 acres — 957 bushels; buckwheat, 17 acres — 210 bushels. This, in comparison with 1876, was an increase of the fol- lowing: on corn, about 17 per cent.; on wheat, 450 per cent.; on oats, about 2 per cent.; on rye, about 50 per cent. If you will refer to the table of 1876 for stock, you will again see a wonderful increase of from fifty to one hundred and fifty per cent., while a still more rapid advance has been made the past two years. Cattle has gained in number thirty-three per cent. Horses, 18 per cent.; sheep, 40 per cent.; while hogs have been sold closer and fallen off about thirty per cent. From the tables here given, there will be no trouble to see the growth of the county, acres of land in cultivation, of cereals and stock, and thus this work will become invaluable as a book of reference. The following are the assessed valuations for the years named: 1880. Acres 418,871 72-100, value, $1,294,410 Town lots 2,392 " 140,025 Horses 6,502, value, $ 164,838 $1,434,435 Mules 1,343, Asses and jennets 40, Neat cattle 25,121, Sheep 1 5,766, Hogs 30,786, All other live stock Money, notes, etc All other personal property 39.597 975 261,764 16,170 38,625 430 224.794 207,196 954,389 Total, real and personal $2,388,824 1SS2. Acres 419,025, value, $1,859,575 Town lots 2,661, " 184 230 Horses 7,796, value, $270,350 $2,043,805 Mules 1,230, Asses and jennets 42, Neat Cattle 33-732, Sheep 20,358, Hogs 22,790, Money, notes, etc All other personal property 63,880 1,645 438,325 27,240 40,130 226,225 250,760 1,318,555 Total, real and personal property $3>362,36o 902 HISTORY OF ST. CT.AIR COUNTY The assessment is forty cents state tax and thirty cents county tax, for general purposes, and ten cents road tax, making a total of eighty cents on the $100. This is a very light tax. The county, April i, 1883, has no floating and no debt of any kind, except the bonded railroad indebtedness still unsettled. An attempt will be made the present year to compromise the same. The people are likely to vote for a comprom- ise at from forty to fifty cents on the dollar, 5-20 year bonds, drawing six per cent interest, the latter, annually. Such a proposition should carry, not for the justice of the thing but for the welfare of the county. The debt would exceed then over $200,000, but it should be settled. CHAPTER IX. RAILROADS VS. NO RAILROADS. THE CLINTON & MEMPHIS BRANCH- SUBSCRIPTION, $25o,ooo-THE ORDER IN FULL— SAT- ISFIED AND BONDS DELIVERED— RETURNING REASON— AN ACCOUNT RENDERED BY NO VOUCHERS PRODUCED— TAXATION AND RAILROAD FUND— INVESTIGATION —THE REPORT— STEALING IN BULK— STEALING IN DETAIL-THE LADUE SWINDLE ON CONTRACTS— NO LEW BUT PLENTY OF SUITS— Sgoooo AND THE ATTORNEYS IN THE CASES. RAILROAD HISTORY. The railroad history may be said to date from January i, 1870. During that month a petition was circulated, and at the February term, 1870, that petition, numbering some 400 names, was presented to the county court. It was, in substance, a request that the court subscribe $250,000 to the stock of the Clinton & Memphis branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company. The court laid the petition over for action until the first Tuesday in April, 1870. The court was composed of Wil- liam A. Mitchell, William Collins and Thomas F. Robinson as judges. There were remonstrances against, as well as for petition for subscription to stock, and it resulted, on a count, to be 435 petitions for a railroad to be built through the center of the county, 261 names remonstrating against a subscription to any railroad for any amount, and 768 names petitioning. the county court to subscribe $250,000, conditioned, that the road run through the county and a depot located within a one-half mile ot the court house. Upon this statement of the wishes of the tax payers the county court made the following order, of record April 5, 1870: It is considered, and ordered by the court, that the county of St. Clair, Missouri, take and subscribe to the capital stock of the Memphis & Kansas City Railroad Company the sum of $250,000. Upon condition that said road run through the said county on the most practical and feasible central route. Said stock to be paid for in bonds of St. Clair County, payable at such times, and with such rate of interest, as the county may designate, when the final order is made for the issue of said bonds. Of which said bonds $50,000 shall be issued and delivered to said company when five miles of said road shall be graded, running toward the Osage River from the county line, and $100,000 when said road is graded to the bank of the Osage River and a bridge constructed over the same; and the remaining $100,000 when the said road shall be graded entirely through the county; and that none 904 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. of said bonds shall be issued until the said road shall be permanently located. And that William A. Mitchell be and he is here appointed agent to take and subscribe the said stock, and that said agent shall make a report to this court at each regular term thereof of all things transacted by him with said railroad company for the approval or rejection of this court. Had the correct name of the road been given in the above order and its provisions strictly carried out the people of St. Clair County would not have to-day to mourn over $200,000 stolen and an accumulat- ing interest of more than that amount, with a St. Louis lawyer trying to bulldoze the people into paying for the fraud. By the following order, which was made of record June 21, 1870, the people can see the differ- ence in the two orders, and while the first bears upon its face safe con- ditions to the people because of work actually to be performed before payment was made, the other allows them to take the pay zvhen a con- tract was let. Here is the record: That the county of St. Clair subscribe for and take 2,500 shares of the capital stock of the Clinton & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neo- sho Railroad, each share being of the denomination of $100 and amount- ing in the aggregate to the sum of $250,000, under and by virtue of the authority in the charter of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company con- tained, and under the act of the general assembly of the state of Mis- souri entitled "An act to aid the building of branch railroads in the state of Missouri," approved March 28, 1868, and in accordance with the orders of the board of directors of said Tebo & Neosho Railroad Com- pany establishing the branch railroad and authorizing subscription to the capital stock thereof, adopted on the 6th day of June, 1870, the said capital stock to be paid for by the issue and delivery to the committee appointed to construct said branch road, of the coupon bonds of the county of St. Clair of the denomination of $1,000, each bearing date the 1st day of July, 1870, with interest at the rate of 10 per cent per annum, payable twelve years after the date thereof; the said bonds to be signed by the presiding justice of this court, and attested by the clerk of the court under the seal thereof, and the coupons to be signed by the said cler<; the said subscription being made, however, upon the following express terms and conditions, that is to say: First — That the said road shall be located through the county of St. Clair, from its northern limits southwardly upon the most practicable route in the direction of Memphis, in the State of Tennessee. Second — That the proceeds of said bonds shall be applied to and expended in the construction of said branch railroad within the limits of the county of St Clair. Third — That none of the bonds of the county shall be issued and delivered as aforesaid until the work of graduation and masonry is let to contract within the limits of said county, to responsible persons, nor until the work of graduation and masonry upon said branch road is similarly let to contract within the limits of Henry County, and the court shall be satisfied that the graduation and masonry from Clinton to HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 905 the northern line of St. Clair County is so let to contract; and when the court shall be satisfied that graduation and masonry shall be let to the northern line of St. Clair, one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars of said bonds shall be delivered; and when the graduation and masonry shall be so let to contract to the southern bank of the Osage River, seventy-five thousand dollars additional bonds shall be delivered; and when the graduation and masonry shall be let to contract to the south- ern line of said county, the remaining fifty thousand shall be delivered. Fourth — That all the coupons for interest which shall have matured or would have matured had the bonds been issued and delivered orior to said letting or lettings to contract, shall, upon the delivery of said bonds as aforesaid, be cut off and retained by the county treasurer and destroyed in the presence of the court. Ordered further, that William A. Mitchell be and he is hereby appointed the agent of the county to subscribe the said stock to aid in the construction of the Clinton and Memphis Branch of the Tebo and Neosho Railroad, in accordance with the terms of the foregoing order, and that he cause to be prepared and signed the said coupon bonds of the said county of St. Clair, and that he deliver the same only in accord- ance with the foregoing order. And it is further ordered by the court that all orders heretofore made by this court in reference to taking stock in the Kansas City and Memphis Railroad by said county, be and the same are hereby rescinded. On November 7th, at a SPECIAL TERM, the county court ordered the delivery of the bonds, being satisfied that the contracts had been let. The order is as follows: Whereas, The Clinton & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho railroad company has exhibited to this court satisfactory evidence that the gradaution and masonry on said road from the city of Clinton to the south line of Henry County, and from the south line of Henry County to the south line of St. Clair County, has been let to contract to respon- sible persons; Now, therefore, in pursuance of an order of this court, made on the 21st day of June, 1870, be it ordered and adjudged, that the iull amount of bonds subscribed to the capital stock of said branch railroad, including the five bonds heretofore delivered in pursuance of said last mentioned order, for and in the name of St. Clair County, State of Mis- souri, to wit: Two hundred and fifty (250) bonds of the denomination of one thousand dollars each, be at once signed, sealed and delivered to said branch railroad company, or to its financial agents, appointed to receive and negotiate the same. Then went $250,000 into the hands of the La Dues, whose reputa- tion was, even at that day, of a fragrant odor, and into those of DeWitt C. Stone, and a voice seemed to float in the air, saying: " Good-bye,, bonds." 906 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Stone is dead, but before he died he exclaimed to a friend, " I wish to God I had never had anything to do with that railroad, and I would j give all I am worth if I never had." The cry of anguish came too late, ! but why did he not try to make restitution ? The LaDues fled thecoun- ! try. They were the chief of the gang, backed and aided by thieves in | Kansas City and elsewhere. Poor Cline was killed, others left the coun- | try for their country's good, and a few only are left, who, while under 1 the ban of suspicion, have securely covered their tracks so far as to be able to defy legal investigation. But men of honor, honesty and man- hood would not accept thrice the amount of their wealth, and carry such '* a reputation before the world and to their graves. They carry with them ! the curses of an outraged people. 1 The order subscribing $250,000 was made as above June 21,1870, | and November 7, 1870, that amount was placed in the hands of Dewitt C. Stone, of Clinton, and the LaDues. Investigation shows that 237 bonds of the 250 were disposed of. No account of the other thirteen j bonds had been received. The July coupons of 1870, were cut off, excepting five coupons of $50 each, of which no account has been made. They may have been left on to cover expenses. After Mr. Mitchell ceased to be agent, William M. Cox was appointed i August 10, 1871, and he was authorized to go into the selling scheme, or 1 consolidation scheme, if such came up. It came up, of course. The I object was to consolidate, sell, transfer and muddle, so that the whole- 1 sale thieving could not be traced. The managers were plausible and ' accomplished in the art of lying, and St. Clair County was not alone ; fooled, but every county on the line. i RETURNING REASON. ' The county court was still blind to the fact that there had been a ' wholesale robbery of the people's money, and when C. H. Sweeney and I others asked that the railroad tax be set aside and the levy withdrawn, I it was promptly sat down on. This levy was $1.20, on the $100 valu- ■ ation. The next move was the swapping off of the original stock for that of a mythical company called the Kansas City, Memphis & Mobile Rail- road Company, and that piece of legerdemain was neatly performed November 11, 1871. That was a big nail driven in the coffin which held the fraud and prevented its resurrection. The court, still blind, if nothing worse, at the special December -I term, 1871, present Judges Thomas F. Robinson and William Collins, refused an investigation and ordered the treasurer to pa}' the interest coupons of January i, 1872. j HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 907 In the meantime Jackson County became aroused. Kansas City was the headquarters of the thieves and conspirators and the county court of that county was compelled to make an order refusing any more bonds until a full report was made and vouchers shown. Then came the time that the thieves claim to have used fifty odd thousand dollars of the St. Clair County bonds in Jackson County. It was stealing with the left hand to cover up the thieving of the right. There were months of good stealing left yet, and they were not quite ready to step down and out. That report will be found in full in the Henry County railroad history, and need not be introduced here, but it should be read, and it will be noticed, voiicJiers were demanded. The gang got a trifle scared, and a batch of reports made out, no two alike. St. Clair County got the following document, claiming $131,000 paid out, and not a voucher to show for it, and only the word, honor and honesty (.'') of A. D. LaDue, supplemented, doubtless, by the words of such other honest men (?) as the Mastins, P. A. LaDue, et al. The statement reads: To the Honorable County Conrt of St. Clair County, Missouri : In obedience to your request, I have the nonor to report that our company has expended in the construction of the Kansas City, Mem- phis & Mobile Railroad, in the county of St. Clair, the sums hereinafter stated: Construction, &c $77-055 52 Ties, timber, &c 15 ,964 67 Engineering and outfit, &c 8,245 52 Contingent expenses, &c., including pay of secretary, attor- ney's fees, salaries of officers, traveling expenses, books and stationery, expenses of financial agents, expenses of the general office and superintendent's office, including all the incidental expenses on the South Division, pro rated between the counties of Henry and St. Clair 11,687 70 Rolling stock 11,804 50 Interest, discount, &c 1-975 42 Commissions paid brokers on sale of 157 St. Clair bonds. . . . 3,925 OO Right of way, &c 530 00 Total expended $131,188 33 The company has realized from the sale of 157 St. Clair bonds 129,319 03 Expenditures exceed receipts $ 1,869 30 The financial agents of the company have sold the balance of the St. Clair bonds, 93 in number, to A. H. Nicolay, of New York, at 82^ cents and accrued interest, the proceeds of which have not yet been paid over to the company on account, as I am informed, of the neglect of your honorable court in having the interest promptl}' met. 908 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Hoping you will do all in your power to uphold the credit of your county and therefore assist the company in their endeavors to put the road in operation from Clinton to Osceola at as early a day as practic- able, the present season, I remain. Yours truly, A. D. LaDUE, General Superintendent. This was early in 1872. In the meantime Treasurer Dooley had been ordered to pay interest on the January coupon, and March 28, 1872 made the following statement of the railroad fund: RECEIPTS. Amount received $22,604 47 EXPENDITURES. Interest on coupons paid $ 16,775 00 Commission to collector 1,072 69 Expenses to Clinton, telegraphing, etc 25 00 Express charges 75 Treasurer's commission 89 61 Commission to banks 49 87 Amount on hand 4.591 55 Total $22,604 47 $22,604 47 Here went $22,000, and the prompt paying of the interest enabled the gang to dispose of the remainder of the bonds, and of course they were sold. However, the people began in dead earnest to stop further rob- bery, and the county court of St. Clair, like that of Jackson, was com- pelled to submit to the wishes and commands of the people. The com- mand was for the investigation, and that no railroad tax levy should be made. On May 6, 1872, this order was made, " That no more taxes be paid or levied to pay interest on railroad bonds until the road was com- pleted to the Osage River, or satisfactory evidence given that it would be so built within a reasonable time." At the same term, on May 9, 1872, the following preamble was made of record: Whereas, At the present May term of the county court it is made the duty of said court to levy taxes to pay the county indebtedness, and Whereas, For various causes and reasons unto the court appear- ing, and after mature consideration it is ordered and decreed by said county court, that for the present no tax be levied for the year 1872 on the personal and real property in said county of St. Clair for the pur- pose of paying the interest on the bonds issued by said county of Clin- ton and Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, which bonds were subscribed by said court on the 21st day of June, 1870. The court also appointed Messrs. F. C. Nesbit, Simeon Bruce and Charles H. Sweeney a committee on the part of the county to examine into and report upon the financial condition of the company. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 909 Soon after their appointment the gentlemen comprising the above committee started on their tour ot investigation, Kansas City being their objective point. REPORT OF THE INVESTIGATING COMMITTEE. The committee returned, and they made the following report of their work: To the Honorable County Court of St. Clair County, Missouri. The undersigned committee appointed at the May term of this court to make out and present to said court a statement showing the present condition of the $250,000 of bonds heretofore issued to the Clinton & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad Company, beg leave to state that a few days previous to our appointment a change had been made in the officers and directors of said company, and that the office of said company had been removed from Clinton to Kansas City, and on account of said recent change in the officers of the company your com- mittee were not able to make at that time as full a report as they might otherwise have done. Reference is here made to the exhibits marked A and B, and hereto attached, all of which is respectfully submitted. Exhibit A shows the number of St. Clair County bonds sold, when sold, by whom sold and how much sold for, and in substance is as fol- lows: From February 3, 1871, until October 5, 1871, Northrup & Co. sold: I II bonds of $1,000 each for $ 68,048 16 Third National Bank of St. Louis sold 46 bonds of $1,000 each for 34,450 00 J. B. Colt took 13 bonds of $1,000 each at 1 1,354 09 A. H. Nickoly 24 $1,000 bonds at 20,344 07 Making a total of 194 bonds of $1,000 each which netted .$160,966 69 EXHIBIT B. Attorney's fees in preparation of first mortgage bonds 600 OO Printing bonds, stationery, traveling expenses 650 00 Commission on sale of bonds 3.162 50 Right of way, attorney's fees, telegraphing, etc., from, the organization of the company to the present time 6,754 20 Frank McCabe, second class masonry 7,439 24 J. B. Colt, clearing, grubbing, excavation and third class masonry 16,230 60 H. .Hale, clearing, grubbing, excavation, rip rap and third class masonry 49, 176 6^ Engineering expenses 7-493 7^ Tie and lumber account 17.165 67 Interest, discount and stamps. . . 1,691 25 Officers' salary . 2,212 72 Depot ground at Clinton 2,500 00 Office rent 1280a 9IO HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Two locomotives 7,000 00 Flat cars i .700 00 Passenger cars 3.250 00 Freight on same 1 56 00 Expenses since consolidation 3.750 00 Total expenses. .$i3r,o6o 57 Aggregate amount for which 194 bonds sold 160,966 69 Aggregate of expenses per exhibit B 131,060 57 $ 29,906 [2 One-half value two passenger cars on hand 3,250 00 Bonds unsold 56,000 00 Assets on hand $ 89,156 12 Your committee beg leave to further report that the two locomo- tives and twelve flat cars mentioned in Exhibit "A," have been sold by the railroad company; that half the purchase money for said locomotives and cars was paid out of the funds realized from the sale of St. Clair County bonds, and this county would be entitled to a credit by way of an increase of assets, for one half the amount for which said locomotives and cars sold, but which amount your committee are unable to report. Said locomotives and cars originally cost $17,400. And your committee further find that the railroad company have paid for and taken up inter- est coupons out from the bonds of St. Clair County; that said coupons are now in the hands of the company, and were paid for out of the money raised or realized by the sale of St. Clair County bonds, which interest coupons amount in the agregate to $7,850. Also that said com- pany have purchased and now have implements, consisting of plows, scrapers, picks, spades, etc., to the amount of $900, one-half of which were paid for by St. Clair County. C. H. SWEENEY, ) S. C. BRUCE, V Committee. F. C. NESBIT, ) STEALING IN BULK. Stealing in bulk is probably the best term to designate the bond steal from Jackson County to St. Clair County, inclusive, but that lacked over $50,000 of the funds they managed to secure out of Henry and St. Clair Counties. What bends were taken without any account being rendered, were, as above remarked, taken in bulk; but these adepts in appropriating other people's property, were willing, like a two-edged sword, to cut both ways, or while stealing in bulk, did not for a moment hesitate to steal in detail, and this they accomplished by fraudulent contracts. STEALING IN DETAIL. To give the history of A. D. LaDue's rascality in this connection, would take up pages, but the total stealing can be given to a cent, HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 91 I SO that the people can tell where at least fifty-five thousand and odd dollars went to. In the railroad article in the Henry County part of this work, will be found the "engineer's confession" of a part of the steal; but since that portion was written, the entire figures have been put in possession of the writer or historian of this work. These statements and exhib- its are voluminous in detail, giving yards of earth, of rock, in fact all the details of a railroad contract for making a road bed. The con- tracts were made at certain prices, and paid for understandingly, at much less figures; A (ew figures are given, that the people can under- stand the way it was done. For instance: The contract reads, for earth work, 22 cents per yard; loose rock, 60 cents per yard; solid rock, $1.25, and so on through every item. Now, by collusion, that work was paid for as follows: Earth, 27 cents; loose rock, $1.00; solid rock, $1.75. The dif- ference in these prices was put into the hands of LaDue and his co-thieves, who were working upon the Pennsylvania plan of " addition, division and silence." With this understanding, the figures show the following clear steal: J. B. Colt's contract in both Henry and St. Clair Counties sections i to 15, inclusive $ 23,980 37 J. B. Colt's contract, sections 16 to 20, inclusive 4,560 97 H. Hale's contract, sections 20 to 25, inclusive 13.377 37 William Weaver's contract (sub), sections 16 to 20 inclusive, 2,645 59 F. McCabe's contract, sections 2 to 1 1 and sections 22 to 24, inclusive 10,640 13 $55,204 43 This was the amount of the steal on the contracts let, as regard the prices paid for the work. Whether there was still a further fraud com- mitted by charging for an excessive amount of work done, is not of record. That is, there may have been 500 yards of solid rock exca- vated while the account may have been made out at 600 yards. There may have been collusion on the part of the contractors with engi- neer, as well as with the manager. The footings show: Total work done in Henry County $114,439 92 Total work done in St. Clair County 68,736 47 $183,176 39 Stealings 55,204 43 $127,971 96 This last amount is all the people of Henry and St. Clair Counties ever got for $450,000 in bonds, and that work was lost to them by the road going into bankruptcy. Here was $128,000 in round numbers act- 912 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. ually expended, and honestly for work done, though so far as it done any good, or was of any benefit to the people, the thieves might as well have taken the whole of it. It shows, however, that they were willing to give the people about twenty-five cents on the dollar of the bonds, while they stole nearly three-fourths. All this was accomplished within two years after getting possession of the bonds, for in November, 1872, the work ceased. All subsequent acts relate to the bonds and their payment. SUITS COMMENCED. Of course there was but one result to be expected when the county court withheld the railroad tax levy, and that was suits commenced by the bondholders to get their interest on the bonds. There was some talk about $90,000 in bonds yet unsold, but that did not prove true, as Nickolay's suit called for 233 of the 250 bonds issued. If there were that many unsold it probably represented the total in the hands of the company and which they promptly got rid of It would have been a good piece of legal work to have put this man Nickolay on the witness stand to show of whom he got those bonds, for it seems he was making the fight for nearly all, and he held a large portion in trust for some one. There were quite a number of suits for small amounts started, but the Nickolay suit was the most important and he gained his case, but he has not as yet received all of his money. Ten years of litigation has passed and those stolen bonds are not yet paid — a gratifying fact. THAT $90,000 IN BONDS. In the matter of the $90,000 of railroad bonds remaining unsold, the county court of St. Clair orders that the county attorney be instructed to correspond with all persons and parties whom he may see proper, and find out where said bonds are and whether the same are sold or unsold. This order was made January 22, 1873. There was on hand July i, 1872, of railroad tax fund $ 5.834 55 And collected to January i, 1873 4.195 04 $10,029 59 Of this there was loaned to twenty-nine persons 6,648 75 . $ 3o8o 84 Paid collections and commissions 237 65 Railroad funds on hand $ 3,i43 19 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY ATTORNEYS IN THE CASE. 913 The county court met February 18, 1873, to take into consideration the suit of A. H. Nickolay against St. Clair County, for the interest on 233 bonds. The court decided to resist its payment, and Nesbit & Fur- guson, attorneys, were employed by the county to defend the suit, upon a retainer's fee of $250, and if the suit was won in favor of the county they were to have $2,500 more. The order shows that Nicholay had a portion of that $90,000 in bonds reported missing, of which a search had been ordered less than one month before. The court appointed John W. Plumbley, Scott Nesbit and William Barnett as a committee to look after the railroad business, and secure the services of further attor- neys if necessary. This was February 19, 1873. The committee employed on March 5, 1873, Phillip & Vest, of Sedalia, to assist the first named attorneys in defending St. Clair County in the Nickolay suit. They were paid a retainer's fee of $250, and a contingent fee of $2,000 if the suit was decided in favor of the county. The next attorney retained, April 9, 1873, was Thomas C. Reynold, upon his own proposition, to win the suit against A. H. Nicholay in the United States District Court he was to be paid $5,000, if he failed he was to receive no fee. There were other attorneys retained, but the contracts were about the same as above. 58 CHAPTER X. EVIDENCES OF FRAUD AND THE LEGAL FIGHT. THE CHARGE AND THE EVIDENCE -JOHNSON AND MEAD EXO.VERATED-WHO IS RES- PONSIBLE-SOME LETTERS— A FEW RESOLUTIONS-THE PEOPLE EXPRESS THEIR VIEWS— THE liONDHOLDERS PROPOSE AND VHE PEOPLE DISPOSE— MANDAMUS VS. REASON— THE VOTE ON THE 20 CENT COMPROMISE-SOME BONDS PURCHASED— THE LAST CALL. Matters worked this way for about twelve months, when the county court decided on an investigation. SOME EVIDENCE. There had been, on the part of some people, an evident desire to fasten a portion of the fraud locally. The investigation resulted in prov- ing that the placing of the bonds were in the hands of D. C. Stone, of Clinton, president of the construction company. There was no fraud proven against the directors of the company from St. Clair County, Messrs. Johnson and Mead, but a lamentable want of prudence, caution and business ability. There is another thing connected with this bond business which is the fact that you can trace the bonds to when and where they were sold, but you cannot find out where the money went to. Men not worth a dollar, hardly, a few years ago, are wealthy now, but how.'' They can account for it only after the manner of a certain congressman who, from a very small beginning when he entered congress, became the possessor of over half a million dollars in a few years on a salary of five thousand. He said, on being asked how he so rapidly accumulated such amount of wealth: " My wife dis- charged our cook and has been doing the work herself." The county court concluded as above to start an investigation, and it is given below as taken from the record: TESTIMONY TAKEN BEFORE THE COUNTY COURT. The following is the testimon)/ taken before the county court at their recent meeting, in regard to the issuing of St. Clair County Bonds to the Kansas City and Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Rail- road and other matters connected therewith: HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 915 William O. Mead, of lawful age, being sworn to tell the whole truth of his knowledge touching certain bonds, issued by St. Clair County, to what is known as the Kansas City & Memphis Railroad Company, says in answer to questions, as follows: Question — Do you know when the County Court issued bonds to the Clinton and Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Railroad.-* Answer — I knew nothing of it at the time, learned of it afterwards. Q. — Do you know anything of the origin of the railroad subscription, by whom it originated and whether there was any fraudulent means used to secure it.-* A. I only know that petitions were put in circulation to the county court to make such subscription, and some against it; others with certain conditions. The question of taking a vote, according to my recollection, was discussed, and it was thought best by some to act upon petitions, as under the law at that time, a large proportion of the heaviest tax- payers of the county could not vote. I know of no fraudulent means being used. In fact, of my own knowledge, I knew very little of what was going on about it, I thought our County Attorney, J. C. Ferguson, Esq., would look well to our interests. O. — Do you know when, where and under what circumstances said bonds were issued and delivered, to whom delivered, and by whom signed ? A. — I do not know when nor where said bonds were issued and delivered; never have yet seen one one of them, nor do I know under what circumstances they were issued; knew nothing of it, but was informed that such was the case some time afterwards; don't recollect how long, nor do I know to whom they were delivered. Q. — Do you know whether all of said bonds were sold, and to whom, and at what price .'' A. — I know nothing more than the reports which have been made to the county court by A. D. LaDue, superintendent, and C. H. Sweeney, F. C. Nesbit and S. C. Bruce, committee of the county court, which showed, in substance, the reports made by the financial agents of the company up to that time. The balance, I understand, was paid out for work done in Jackson County, with the understanding with Jackson County that she would refund them with her bonds, which were to be delivered when the debts then owing were paid off. I only speak of my understanding. My recollection now is, that the report of the financial agents show that they were sold at from eighty to eighty-seven cents on the dollar. My impression is that the sales were all made before my con- nection with the road. I do not know to whom said bonds were sold. Q. —Do you know whether the agents who sold said bonds guaran- teed the payment of the interest thereon ? A. — I do not know anything on that point; never heard of it until a few daj's ago, here in Osceola. O. In the discharge of your duty as secretary of said railroad, did you keep an account of the finances of said company? A. I did not; it was only my duty to record the proceedings of the board of directors. WILLIAM O. MEAD. Thomas F. Robinson, being duly sworn, testified as follows: I was a member of the county court when the bonds were issued* I think A. D. LaDue and D. C. Stone were here to receive the bonds. I gi6 IlIS'lORY O]' ST. CLAIR COUNTY. saw the bonds after they were lithoi^raphed. I do not know of any one receiving more than their legal fees for signing the bonds. No one con- sulted me concerning the bonds issued, in any manner whatever. I heard it stated that Mr. P. A. LaDue received a commission for getting up the bonds. Mr. T. J. Monroe was clerk of the county court at the time the bonds were signed; don't know when nor where they were signed. There were five bonds signed in the first place. Mr, D. P. Shield was the man appointed to get the bonds lithographed. My impression is that the five bonds were issued to defray incidental expenses. The only time I ever saw the bonds was in the arms of D. P. Shield, who was the agent appointed by the court to get the bonds. I do not know of any proposition to bribe; no one ever approached me. The court were all in favor of turning over the bonds finally. My impres- sions were that Judge Mitchell and R. S. Graham were the first com- missioners from the county. I opposed the order of turninp" over the bonds. THOMAS F. ROBINSON. Robert S. Graham, of lawful age, being produced and duly sworn, says: When the bonds were issued I think I was secretary of the board of construction of said railroad company. Saw T. J. Monroe when he was signing the bonds. Never saw them afterwards. My opinion is that Judge Mitchel turned the bonds over to D. C. Stone and VV. P. Johnson. They gave their receipt to him for them, and when the certificate of stock was delivered to the county b}^ the railroad company, that receipt was turned over to D. C. Stone. Do not know who received the bonds. Do not know whether the bonds were ever sold. Only know that D. C. Stone and W. P. Johnson were appointed the financial agents of the company to go to New York to sell the bonds. Mr. Stone did not go, but Mr. Harvy Salmon and W. P. Johnson went to New York to sell the bonds. I do not know whether they sold them or not. Mr. Stone told me that part of the bonds were sold. Judges Mitchell and Johnson and myself were the directors at that time from this county. I was appointed director by the Tebo & Nesho Railroad Company. Do not know whether the company owned any of the bonds or not when I left the company. Mr. Stone told me the bonds were selling from eighty-three cents upward. Do not know of any bribery in connection with the matter. Do not know of any individuals receiving any pecuniary benefits in con- nection with the railroad company other than salaries. So far as I know, the business has been fairly and honestly conducted. William A. Mitch- ell was not a member of the company when the bonds were resigned. Do not know how many bonds have been sold. The impression that a commission was paid upon the railroad subscription to an agent is incor- rect — at least was not allowed while I was in the board. When an agent was employed I opposed any payment of commission on the subscrip- tion of St. Clair Countv, and succeeded in having it excepted from such contract. ' R. S. GRAHAM. Thomas J. Monroe being duly sworn, upon his oath deposes and says : I was clerk of the county court in 1870; was clerk of tjie county court when the bonds were signed. William A. Mitchell signed the bonds as presiding judge of the county, and I countersigned them as tllSTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 917 county clerk; the court was composed of Judges Mitchell, Collins and Robinson. When I signed the bonds I delivered them to William A. Mitchell. They were signed in the county clerk's office, and in the back room of my drug store. The seal was put on them in the office of the county clerk. I do not know who Judge Mitchell delivered them to. I do not know of my own knowledge who took the bonds out of the county, but my own opinion is that P. A. LaDue took them out of the county. I was under the impression that one of the LaDues was here when the bonds were signed. There was no inducement offered me to sign the bonds. The bonds were signed in vacation. Do not know of any bribe being offered for the signing of the bonds. Judge Collins seemed disinclined to vote for the bonds, but finally voted for them. Judges Mitchell and Robinson favored the issuing the bonds from the beginning. I think Judge Mitchell and R. S. Graham were the directors in the railroad company from this county when the bonds were deliv- ered. I opposed the signing of the bonds, but finally did so under an order of the court. T. J. MONROE. F. C. Nesbit states as follows: On the trial we made proof that Harvey Salmon told Nickolay about the errors complained of by the county, but the judges held that the testimony was invalid, and that it made no difference. The attorneys, Philip & Vest, recommended an appeal, and entered into an agreement with the bondholders that the Henry County case should be appealed, and ours should be decided on the same points. The investigation caused considerable excitement, and there were several railroad meetings held in different parts of the county, and all denounced it as the " railroad swindle," and opposed all tax levies for railroad purposes. This was in the summer and fall of 1874. St. Clair County was not alone, but the people in every county on the line were aroused to this, the most gigantic fraud of modern times, considering the amount invested, and the question was asked and great anxiety expressed over the reply, "Who is responsible. -^ " The people were keenly alive to get all possible information and whether the road would ever be built. Even at this day could a railroad be constructed from this point to Kansas City the people of St. Clair County would be about willing to pay the original amount of their sub- scription, but they are determined not to pay the demand of the bond- holder if it costs years of litigation. Such a road would in itself add greatly to the taxable wealth of the county and aid materially in devel- oping its resources; but to have given the money and having nothing at all for it is what makes the burden so grievous. Over a million dollars in bonds have been subscribed to this enterprise by the counties of Jack- son, Cass, Henry and St. Clair, and have been sold for between $800,000 and $900,000; and all this money has been squandered by somebody, if not actually stolen. 9l8 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. i A road from Kansas City to Osceola and to Springfield, Missouri, was what the people wanted, and would have considered the money well j spent, even though the stock was not worth a dollar, and the whole amount was a bonus to those who built it, as it would have been. It j would not only give a competing line of transportation, but would have j opened a direct route to the southern market. July 14, 1875, Mr. T. M. Johnson was appointed financial agent to purchase and compromise the outstanding railroad bonds. He made a few purchases, all upon a basis of about 66| per cent, but purchased some $1,200 in bonds and coupons . and paid $863.75, ^"d then some seven bonds more at 55 per cent. In all eleven bonds were purchased, and two others were bought of local owners, one being received from the proprietor of the Democrat to \ cover a loan of $832.61. The number of the one above was not given^ j but the eleven purchased by Mr. Johnson were numbered 3, yS, 79, 82, 1 188, 215, 218, 233, 234, 235 and 237, and that bought of D. P. Shield was numbered 241, and $751.58 paid for it. In 1876, they also tried to get a majority vote to compromise at fifty cents on the dollar, in 5-20 six per ' cent, bonds, but it would not work. The same year a tax levy of $1.75 on the one hundred dollars valuation was made to pay the Nickolay judgment, the case having been decided against the county. Two other judgments j were secured against the county, and three-quarters ot one per cent, and j one-quarter of one per cent, was levied in 1877, to pay them. J. D. Fish ' and F. Heidelkoper were the holders of the judgments. In the mean- ' time Mr. Johnson's appointment of 1875, had been withdrawn and noth- j ing done, but he was again appointed May 14, 1877, and revoked again | in October of the same year. The people rebelled so strongly against j the purchase of the bonds at any price, that the county court ordered it j stopped. j ^ REFUSED TO RATIFY. The term of the county court held September 12, 1877, the follow- ! ing letter addressed to T. M. Johnson, is of record of that date. It is in ] words following. j Osceola, September 12, 1877. | Mr. T. M. Johnson: | Dear Sir — In answer to yours of the 8th of August, we say to you j that it is the desire and the express wish of the court that you enter into j no contract whatever at the present time, for either bonds, coupons or 1 judgments. We desire a full court when we act on this matter, also an ] expression from the bona fide tax paying citizens of the whole county. Judge Heath is sick at present and not able to attend We will write you again in November. Respectfully, THOMAS HENLEY, P. J. WILLIAM RICE, A. J. i HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 919 At a special, or called term, of the county court, held October 2, 1877, it revoked the appointment of Mr. Johnson as county agent. The cause of this seemed to be that the county clerk presented to the court a letter from Mr. Johnson, dated St. Louis County, Missouri, September 12, 1877, the same date as their letter ordering no further purchases, of which, the county clerk stated, was received by him on September 27, 1877, thirteen days after its date. This letter was as follows: St. Louis County, -Missouri, September 12, 1877. To the judges of the county court of St. Clair County, Missouri: Gentlemen — Under your order, and in conformity with your instructions, I succeeded on Monday last in entering into a written con- tract with a Mr. Foote, of New York, for the purchase of fifteen bonds, with coupons due July i, 1875, and all due since attached at 66| cents on the dollar, principal and accrued interest, and also for the purchase of parts of judgments against St. Clair County in favor of A. H. Nickolay and J. D. Fisk against St. Clair County, amounting to the sum of $8,491.26, all to be paid for in bonds of St. Clair County, to run twenty years with 6 per cent, interest, payable semi-annually at the State Savings Bank, St. Louis, Missouri. This is better than I expected to be able to do when I last wrote you. I also made another contract with Mr. Foote for such additional bonds, coupons and judgments as he might procure from time to time, at the same price and payable in the same manner. All of which I trust may be satisfactory. The bonds and coupons above mentioned have been delivered to me under the contract, and I hold them for the county. It will be necessary for the court to take proper steps to have the new bonds prepared. Respectfully yours, [Signed] THOMAS. M. JOHNSON. The court did not approve of Mr. Johnson's actions as a financier, and made the following order in reference to this letter and contents: "And which being duly heard and duly considered by the court, and the terms and conditions of compromise therein made being duly understood, and the court being fully advised in the premises, doth refuse to accept the compromise made by said Johnson, and doth fully and entirely reject his action therein." Mr. Egger was appointed on December 15, 1877, and $1,858.10 placed in his hand by warrant, but that was also withdrawn, and the purchase of bonds ended. In November, the people held a sort of indignation meeting, and passed the following resolutions. Resolved, That the county court be requested to order a special election to be held for the election of one man from each township, to comprise an executive committee who shall be empowered to confer with the county court in the railroad matter, and that action shall be final. 920 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Resolved, That said committee shall be allowed one vote for each township. Resolved, That we request the different townships to make out poll books and hold and report the election, free of charge, to the county court; said election to be held on Saturday, November 17, 1877. Resolved, That we request that the county court stay the pro- ceedings by law to collect the delinquent railroad tax for all previous years. Resolved, That we request that the county court make a record of repudiation of all bonds not aecounted for. Resolved, That the county court be requested to resign from this date. After this expression of opinion the meeting adjourned. The peo- ple were evidently getting their blood up, and it was a well known fact that the people of St. Clair, when aroused, were found equal to the emer- gency. The heavy assessment to pay these judgments was being opposed by them in a determined manner, and from November, 1877, to February 6, 1878, the opposition grew stronger. Another meeting was held at the county seat, which gave the fol- lowing emphatic EXPRESSION FROM THE PEOPLE. On February 6, 1878, a railway meeting was held at Osceola, in oppo- sition to the payment of the railroad tax by all lawful means. All was for this proposition except Judge Wycoff, who iavored a compromise and requested the meeting not to tie the hands of the county court. The meeting was quiet and orderly. The following preamble and reso- lutions were passed : Whereas, A former county court issued bonds to the amount of $250,000 to the Clinton & Memphis Branch of the Tebo & Neosho Rail- road Company, and Whereas, The people have never by any means requested the court to issue bonds upon any such terms as governed the issue of said bonds. And Whereas, These bonds, interests and costs, now amount to more than $400,000. And Whereas, With times hard and money scarce, even if we had the inclination, we could not pay so great a debt without reducing many of us and our familes to a state of poverty too grievous to be born. And Whereas, We never have, and so far as we can see, never will receive one cent of profit from said bonds. And Whereas, We believe said bonds were fraudulently issued, and therefore null and void. And Whereas, We do not believe either justice or honor requires us to pay said bonds or any of part of them; therefore be it Resolved, That not because we think we owe anything, but because we desire peace and quietude, and because we wish to be law abiding citizens, we are willing to compromise our back railroad tax with the county court upon the basis of one cent on the dollar; and be it HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 92 1 Resolved, further, than the compromise as set forth in resolution first, we will not go, and our property shall not be sold for the purpose of paying- said bonds, or any part of them; and be it Resolved, We are in favor of the strict collection of all other taxes, state, county, school, etc. K. B. WONACOTT, Chairman. Matters again rested until July, when the bondholder, though a Mr, Henderson, a lawyer with some local reputation in the city of St. Louis, sent the following proposition: St. Louis, Mo, July ii, 1879. To Messrs. John C. Ferguson and J. W. Robinson: Gentlemen: In order to compromise and settle the indebtedness of St. Clair County, Missouri, I propose, so far as I am interested per- sonally or as an attorney, to accept and receive in full of my claims as follows, to wit: Thirty-five per centum of the principal and interest of the judg- ments against said county. The payment on said judgments to be in cash to the extent of at least $20,000, to be equally and ratably divided and paid on the judgments in favor of James D. Fish, dated April 28, 1875, for $16,434.44, and of A. H. Nicholay for $30,150, dated April 22, 1874, and of Frederick Hindchopper for $3,187.31, dated April 19, 1876, If any balance remain unpaid on said judgments after using the said twenty thousand dollars, I will accept in payment of said balance twenty y-ear bonds of the county, being six per cent per annum, payable semi- annually. The bonds to be dated July i, 1879. Second, for all bonds and coupons held or in any manner controlled by me, I will accept in full payment thereof, new bonds of the county, to bear six per cent, interest, payable semi-annually, and to run twenty years, to be dated July i, 1879, The new bonds to be equal in amount to 33^ per cent, of the principal and interest of the old bonds and cou- pon.s thus surrendered. If the county prefer making the new bonds bear ten per cent, semi- annual interest, instead of six per cent., I will then take new bonds, such as I have described, bearing ten per cent., equal in amount to twenty- three per cent, of the balance due on the judgments, bonds and coupons so surrendered. This proposition is open for acceptance until the loth day of Sep- tember, 1879. J- B. HENDERSON. August 4, 1879, the following was sent Mr. Henderson. The reso- lutions were drawn up, submitted, and were unanimously adopted and read: Whereas, It is exceedingly desirable that the present depreciation in value of real estate and the attendant depression of the business enterprise and activity of the citizens of St. Clair County, Missouri, should be relieved by a judicious settlement of our railroad bond indebt- edness; and. Whereas, Certain propositions have been submitted the county court by Hon. John B. Henderson to compromise said indebtedness on a basis of 23 and 33^ per cent of the bond debt, and the cash payment of the judgments on a basis of 35 per cent thereof; and. 922 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Whereas, It is now believed (and we think can readily be estab- lished by competent proof) that said entire indebtedness could have been settled by renewal bonds, runninjy twenty years, at six per cent interest, redeemable at the pleasure of the county; therefore, be it resolved: First — That we are unalterably opposed to any settlement of the judgments at any basis, unless the whole debt is settled and adjusted. Second — That we respectfully decline the propositions submitted by Mr. Henderson for the reason that said entire debt can be adjusted and settled at much lower figures and thousands of dollars saved the people of this county. Third — That any settlement of this railroad debt or any part thereof by our county court itself, without first submitting the matter to a vote by the people, would be regarded by the people as a criminal violation of the duty the court owes the people and of the trust reposed in them. Respectfully submitted, J. WADE GARDNER, A. C. MARQUIS, JOHN P. LOVE, J. D. GLENN, Committee. The next move was in the shape of a mandamus in the Stewart suit, and the county court made the following entry in the records of their proceedings: MANDAMUS VS. REASONS. David C. Stewart having received a judgment against the count}', and failing to collect the same, a mandamus was served on the county court, April 17, 1880, the court made the following order of record, for several reasons: " In the matter of David D. Stewart, plaintiff, vs. St. Clarr County, and the justices of the county court thereof, an alternate writ of man- damus having been served upon the justices of the county court ot St. Clair County, Missouri, in the above entitled cause, on the 15th day of April, t88o, commanding them to draw a warrant on the treasurer for the amount of the judgment rendered in the above entitled cause, that is, for the sum of $9,420.98 with six per cent, interest and costs, amount- ing to $240.35. Said judgment representing unpaid coupons on railroad bonds, alleged to have been issued by said county. It is ordered by the court that no warrant be drawn to pay said judgment, for the rea- son, among other good and sufficient reasons, that there is no money in the treasury of said county that can be used for that purpose, and no tax is ordered to be levied to pay said judgment, for the reasons, with the good and sufficient reasons, that under the law of the state the coun- ty court is not authorized to levy any tax for any purpose at this term of court." Those resolutions and the preamble seemed to settle things for a few months. Then a fresh start was taken by fifty influential tax payers, asking an order for a vote of the people on a proposition to fund at 20 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 923 cents on the dollar. The order was made, a vote taken October 31^ 1879, and carried by a large majority of the votes, though but a light vote, only about one-third being polled. THE VOTE ON COMPROMISE. Townships. For. Against. Osceola 61 33 Washington 28 2 Polk 21 2 Taber 49 — Butler 21 23 Chalk Level 35 5 Dallas 20 9 Monegaw 47 2 Doyal 41 15 Speedwell 63 8 Collins 18 9 Appleton 34 31 Roscoe 33 9 Jackson 4 3 Total 475 151 Making a majority of 324. PURCHASES. Mr. A. C. Marquis having been appointed financial agent, paid on the Nickolay & Fish judgments $9,933.07, and purchased five bonds, Nos. 104, 126. 133, 139 and 189, and seventy-one coupons, past due, (the entry on record was seventy-two,) for the sum of $2,920. This was in Octo- ber, 1880. November 9, 188 1, there was a further payment of $4,495.10 on these judgments, and he charged for his services a total of $153.54, which was in addition to the payments on the judgments. Twelve other past due coupons were purchased for $200, or 33^ per cent, of their face, and this ended, up to the present time, all purchases of bonds or coupons. The people stopped it. Thus matters have remained up to the present time, no action of moment having been taken on the twenty cent compromise. There is an evident determination on the part of the bondholders to force things, the same lawyer, Henderson, coming to Osceola to instruct the people as to the fiat of the bondholders. It is pretty well believed that the bondholders would be willing to take 33^ cents on the dollar, and it is also believed that this man Henderson is fighting the counties on his own risk, taking all over the above sum as his pay. He is already, if reports are true, a rich man from the money he has made in this com- promise business^and it looks as if he had set his figures to pocket $50,000 out of the people of St. Clair. A settlement at 33I to 40 cents 924 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. on the dollar would be better than further litigation; but when the bond- holders ask more, they should be compelled to fight for it, and their agent or agents entitled to anything from a cold ducking in the healing waters of the Osage River, to a coat of tar and feathers. At the March term, 1883, the county court caused the following to be entered of record: To the people of Si. Clair County: Ordered, that in the matter of the railroad indebtedness: Whereas, Judgments for a large amount have already been ren- dered against the county on the railroad bonded indebtedness, and man- damus proceedings are being continually served on the county court, commanding them to levy taxes sufficient to pay said judgments; and Whereas, The entire bonded debt of the county, issued for railroad purposes is now due, and suits are being brought to recover judgments thereon; and Whereas, It is the belief of the judges of this court that a fair and reasonable compromise of said indebtedness can be obtained by the peo- ple of the county; and Whereas, We believe that an effort to that end should be made by the people in conjunction with the county court; therefore, Resolved, That it is hereby recommended to the people of the county, that they meet in their respective townships on Saturday, the 5th day of May, 1883, and when so assembled, that they appoint and select five delegates in each township, belonging to different political parties, whose duty it shall be to convene in the court house in Osceola, on the 7th day of May, 1883, and consult among themselves and with the creditors of the county, with a view of agreeing, if possible, on some terms of compromise of said indebtedness, that may be satisfactory to the people and acceptable to the creditors. And here it ends. The May meeting will come too late for this work, but the writer trusts that the long vexed bond question will be amicably and justly settled. Js^5!^» CHAPTER XL MEN'S PASSIONS HAVING FULL SWAY— CRIMES AND CAS- UALTIES. THE PISTOL-SHOT DOWN IN COLD BLOOD- THE MURDER OF HIS VICTIM-DEATH OF HUGHES— THE KILLING OF JOHN D. BAUCOM— JOHN BERRY DECLARED NOT GUILTY —MURDER ANU SUICIDE— COLONEL CHARLES SIMS AND WIFE— JEALOUSY AND INSANITY— THE NOTED TRAIN ROBBERS AND OUTLAWS— THE YOUN'JER BROTHERS —THE GREAT BATTLE, AND DEATH OF J(JHN YOUNGER-LOCAL DETECTIVES A FAIL- URE—THE VIGILANTS-FATE OF F. J. FRANCE. CRIMES AND CASUALTY. To tell of the crimes and casualties of the county from its incep- tion to thf present time would be superfluous. Many accidents and and crimes of minor importance have transpired, more of personal than of an historical nature, an(3 need not be again revived or brought to the memory of the people. Of those^which, from their brutality, or from the prominence of the parties in social life, a few of the most important are given, and the record is extended enough, and dark enough to sat- isfy history, while the remainder can well be left to that oblivion in which they are buried. SHOT DOWN IN COLD BLOOD. One of those terrible crimes for which human nature can scarcely understand, and which causes a shudder of horror to pass through the frame, was the murder of John Hughes by the hands of Jacob Fleming- The following description of both the murderer and his victim is victim is taken from the local paper: THE VICTIM. James Hughes, the deceased, was a cripple, ex-Union soldier, severely wounded in the battle of Stone River, and a hard working, quiet and inoffensive man. He came to this county from Ohio, where he leaves a wife and two children, whom he had made preparations to bring here at an early day. Ordinarily he was a sober man and not a fre- quenter of saloons; but on this occasion, yielding to some unknown 926 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. influence, he entered the Arcade, and became sonnevvhat under the influ- ence of liquor, but not boisterous or quarrelsome. THE MURDERER. Jacob Fleming, the murderer, though comparatively young in years, is a notorious desperado— one whose hands, we are told, have frequently been imbrued in the blood of fellow mortals. He developed into man- hood during the late war, and entering the Missouri Militia, thirsting for revenge on account of real or imaginary wrongs, gave uncontrolled license to his passions in this direction, and numerous murders, house- burnings, etc., are attributed to his agency and the encouragement of others. On a former occasion he took the life of a man in Osceola, shot at another in Roscoe, and generally conducted himself in such a man- ner as tc be a terror to all law-abiding citizens. He is a married man» and the father of two interesting children, happily too young at present to realize the depth of disgrace into which they have been plunged by their reckless father. His wife is said to be an estimable woman, and has made constant efforts to reform him, but to no purpose. There was serious talk of lynching him, but we are pleased to know that wise counsel prevailed, and those who were rash enough to engage in such an act dissuaded from their purpose. He is now in the hands of the law, and although he has succeeded in obtaining a'change of venue from this county, which it was perfectly natural for his counsel to apply for, we feel assured he will have a fair and impartial trial, and justice done in the premises. The belief of the editor was not carried out and Jacob Fleming suffered for his crime at the hands of Judge Lynch: The change of venue was probably the cause o{ this sudden action, for it was known only to the participators until the time for action had arrived as laid down in their programme. THE INQUESl. The coroner's inquest on the body of James Hughes was as follows: We find that the said James Hughes came to his death by two pis- tol shots, fired on the 17th 'day of June, 1871, by the hands of Jacob Fleming, on. the evening of said day, in the saloon of John D.Ander- son, in the town of Osceola. The jury was Messrs. Dooley, Gardner, Prock, Hanks, Cole and Mitchell, and the coroner, Mr. Daniels. Twelve days after, on the night of June 29, 1871, a vigilant committee numbering nearly 100 men, rode up to jail and demanded the keys. Of course this was refused. The vigilants, however, came on business. They promptly forced the door with a heavy hammer brought for the purpose, proceeded quietly to the HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 927 cell, which door they also broke down, and took out their prisoner. No words were spoken. All had been arranged beforehand, and the work was systematically carried out. With the prisoner in their possession, they took up their march for the old brick yard, and without words quickly strung him up. The prisoner was stoically silent, and took his fate bravely. He made no appeal, but went to his doom quietly, for he was wise enough to know he was then beyond human help. The vigi- lants surrounded the gallows and remained until one of their number stepped forward, examined the body ana pronounced him dead. They then turned, sought their horses and retired. They were effectually disguised. On June 24, 1875, J. L. Hicks, living in Osceola, was killed by the town marshal, John E. Cole. Hicks was on a drunken spree, disturbing the peace, and Cole undertook to quiet him, failing in which, he attempted to arrest him. This Hicks resented by striking Cole with a hickory stick. The marshal shot twice at him, and wounded him in the head and arm. Hicks was then taken into a store, but a few minutes after he attacked Cole with a heavy chair, when Cole again shot him twice through the body, killing him. Hicks was a very powerful man and very desperate when drunk. Cole's action was sustained by the citizens. THE KILLING OF JOHN D. BAUCOM. The killing of John D. Baucom occurred on the 19th day of July, 1875, near Johnson City, in Monegaw Township. He was shot by John Berry, who claimed that Baucom had broken up the peace of his family, and in a manner that only blood could atone. Before the coroner's jury the following evidence was taken on the day of the murder : Mrs. Lucy Berry being duly sworn testifies, that she recognizes the body as that of John Baucom. I did not see John Berry shoot at John Baucom, I did not see Baucom pass when the gun was fired. I did not see John Berry take the gun out of the house. I heard the report of the gun, it being out of the house. I suppose he (Berry) had shot Baucom. John Berry was out of doors when the gun was fired, there being two shots fired. Berry came back in the house with the gun. L. J. Berry said for me to go to E. C. Berry's and stay. John Berry did not go to E. C. Berry's with me, he came afterwards; I don't know where he went. LUCY J. BERRY. E. C. Berry being duly sworn, testified : I recognize the body as that of John Baucom. I suppose John Berry shot him. He told me that he shot John Baucom. I did not know whether he hit Baucom or not, but suppose he did. It happened at John Berry's house. The last time I saw John Berry he was at my house. E. C. BERRY. Dr. J. W. Wheeler, W. W. Washburn and H. Lear, being sworn, testified: 928 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. We recognized the body as that of John Baucom. We naade the examination and found three wounds upon his body, one taking effect in the mouth, knocking out five teeth,— four below and one above, — also cutting the tip of his tongue; another shot taking effect on the breast above the region of the left clavical; the third shot taking effect about two inches below and about the same distance in front of the axila, passing between the first and second ribs, and ranging upwards and backwards. We suppose it severed the arterv. DR. J. W. WHEELER. DR. W. W. WASHBURN. DR. H. LEAR. The following is the verdict of the coroner's jury: We, the jury, being householders in Monegaw Township, in the county of St. Clair, and state of Missouri, summoned to view the dead body of John Baucom, find that he came to his death by a gun shot wound received at the hands of John Berry. J. B. BURR. Foreman. JAMES McH. LEDBETTER, Coroner. This verdict required the arrest of John Berry, but he immediately fled the country, going in turn to Iowa, Minnesota, Illinois, Arkansas and Texas, finally going back to Illinois. The governor of Missouri offered a reward of $300 for his apprehension, to which was added $100 each by the father and wife of the deceased. These rewards were suf- ficient to place persons on the lookout, and in 1877 he was arrested in Illinois and brought back to this county and placed in jail to await trial. The trial was docketed for the September term of the circuit court, in 1877, but the defense asked a continuance, and it was carried over to the March term, 1878. On the 7th of March the state and the defense being both ready for trial, the case was opened and the jury selected as follows: W. T. Anderson, William Wynkoop, William Gash, William E. Short, James P. Skillman, Thomas W. Wright, Samuel Cul- bertson, E. S. Knowles, James Anderson, G. L. Burch, Charles Wilker- son, H. M. Cotton. The state at once opened the case wMth J. W. Silsby and E. J. Smith conducting the prosecution, while Nesbit & Ferguson, W. P. Shel- don and Waldo P. Johnson appeared for the defendant. Some- twenty- five witnesses were examined, taking testimony occupying the court until Saturday noon. On the opening of the court after dinner. Mr. Silsby opened in a sixty-minute speech, followed by Waldo P. Johnson for the defense. John C. Ferguson and F. C. Nesbit each spoke in turn, and the case was closed by E. J. Smith for the state. The ability of the lawyers in the case and the stubbornness of the defense had attracted a large num- ber of citizens of the county, and the court room was crowded. Intense interest was felt in the case, and it was evident that the public leaned to HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 929 the side of the accused. If a man could not defend the honor of his family when assailed without being given years of penal servitude, what could be expected of the law in any case? Such were the comments freely spoken outside of the court room. The case was given to the jury about ten o'clock Saturday night, and after being out only half an hour, they returned with a verdict of not guilty. Thus ended a trial that during its progress had created intense interest and which was generally regarded as a just verdict. MURDER AND SUICIDE. Scarcely had the excitement died out of the killing of John D. Bau- com when the people of St. Clair were startled with the reported mur- der of Colonel Charles Sims and his wife, a wealthy and prominent citi- zen of the county, living about a mile from the celebrated Monegaw Springs. The rumor, unfortunately, proved true that Colonel Sims and his wife were dead, but the tragic affair was the result of jealousy, and Colonel Sims had first killed his wife and then deliberately killed him- self He was the victim of jealousy, which brought on at times tem- porary insanity. The local report as gathered was published as follows: DEATH OF COLONEL SIMS AND WIFE. Colonel Charles Sims, a prominent and wealthy citizen of this county, living about one mile from Monegaw Springs, shot his wife twice and then shot himself, on last Friday morning. The following particu- lars we have learned: Colonel Sims and his wife had some angry words on Thursday of last week, and again on Thursday night, which caused Mrs. Sims to leave the room in which Colonel Sims slept, and go into the room with the servant girl, where she slept that night. Early the next morning Colonel Sims went to the room in which his wife and the servant girl slept, and called to them to get up, which they did. When the girl left the room Mrs. Sims was putting on her shoes. When out milk- ing near the house, the girl heard some loud talking and angry words, and then two pistol shots in quick succession. After the lapse of a few monents she heard the third shot. The hired man and the girl went at once to the house, where they found both lying on the floor dead. We also learn that Colonel Sims had been up the whole night, and wrote his will, dividing his property between different parties, leaving but a por- tion to his two children, daughters. Jealousy seems to have been the real cause of this terrible crime. Those who were acquainted with Mrs. Sims feel confident there were no grounds for the surmises of Colonel Sims. 59 930 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. The coroner's jury found nothing to controvert the above, and it seems to be the true solution of the terrible affair. Another report pub- lished was the same in substance. It reads: Colonel Sims was a partner with Waldo P. Johnson in the Monegaw Sprines, and it appears that he wanted to sell the same, but his wife refused to Bign the papers. Lately he came in from the west, and was stopping with his wife at the Widow McBride's, near the springs. All along he had complained of a pain in his head, and it has been thought by some that he was partially deranged. Last Friday parties heard pis- tol shots near the house, and they went to the spot and found him and his wife dead. He first killed her, and then shot himself through the heart. The affair took place on the morning of July 23, 1875, and will long be remembered by the citizens of the county, because of the tragic death and the high and prominent position of the parties in the social world. NOTED OUTLAWS. In the annals of crime, or in the exhibition of courage that was absolutely without fear, the James and Younger brothers perhaps had few equals, and as a desperate band of outlaws their career has been unexampled in the history of any age or country. They are now no more, so far as daring deeds is concerned. Some are dead, others living, but the latter are suffering punishment for their crimes. They may have had, and probably did have, full cause during the late war for carrying out a spirit of revenge for the murder and abuse of their families, but in the robbing of banks and railroad trains, they well knew they were out- side of the law, and in becoming outlaws as they did, choosing that mode of life, it is safe to say they knew its penalties, and were prepared to submit to them if caught. They have been caught and are now serv- ing out their punishment, but they have never complained. To the Younger brothers, who have made history in extended years of crime, St. Clair County is beholded for some exciting scenes, and part of that history is a part of the record of St. Clair County. From the Osceola Democrat is given an episode in the life of these outlaws, which took place within the county, and therefore belongs here, and the closing chapter in their career, which took place at Fairbault, Minnesota, Novem- ber 20, 1876, when three of these brothers pleaded guilty to crime, and were given a life sentence in the penitentiary of that state. The follow- ing are the articles from the Democrat : THE GREAT BATTLE. The whole community was thrown into excitement on Wednesday morning by the report reaching town that a desperate and bloody bat- HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 93 1 tie had been fouglit near Monegaw, on the road leading from Roscoe to Chalk Level, about three miles from Roscoe, and near the farm of Mr. Theodrick Snuffer, between a couple of United States detectives and John and James Younger, the defectives having along with them as guide, Mr. Ed. B. Daniels, a young man of Osceola. One of the detec- tives, named Wright, made his escape back to Osceola, and was unable to give full particulars of the fight and its results, but gavTe it as his opinion that his partner and Daniels had surrendered and would be killed. Friends of Young Daniels at once crossed the river and went a few miles to ascertain what was the result, and soon returned with the information that Ed. Daniels and John Younger had been killed and the detective, Allen, mortally wounded, when a hack was procured and sent over to bring the body of Ed. Daniels to town, as also the wounded detective. The excitement grew high and Sheriff Johnson thought it best to send out his deputy, Simpson Beckley, with a posse of men, and prevent, if possible, (in case there should be anything like a mob visit the scene of the battlefield) any disturbance. Some half dozen men were at once summoned, but before starting information was received that the wounded detective had been taken to Roscoe. The sheriff's posse then proceeded to Roscoe, and our special reporter accompanied them with a view to ascertaining full and authentic information of the whole affray. Roscoe was reached about five o'clock in the evening, where we found the wounded Detective Allen, at the Roscoe House, under charge of Dr. A. C. Marquis. We found Mr. Allen suffering considerably from his wounds, which consisted of a broken left arm, with several buckshot in it, and a pistol shot through the left lung, the ball entering in front and passing through the body, the wound having been caused by being dis- charged from a large sized navy revolver. In our interview with him., he stated the same in substance as his evidence before the coroner's jury, which will be found below. The shooting occurred about three o'clock on Tuesday afternoon, the 17th instant, and word was sent to Roscoe the same evening, when some of the citizens of that place went out and staid with the wounded and dead men until Wednesday morning, when Justice St. Clair, of Ros- coe summoned a jury and an inquest was lield over the dead bodies, which is here reported in full. The body of Ed. Daniel was taken to Osceola and that of John Younger was buried in the afternoon. We went from Roscoe to the residence of Mr. Snuffer and there learned that the Younger boys, John and James, had come to his resi- dence about one half hour previous to the appearance of the detectives and young Daniel, they, the Youngers, eating dinner at the time they passed. After eating their dinner, John Younger remarked to his brother James that they would follow those men and see who they were, stating at the time that he supposed they were detectives, and when they caught up with them the battle commenced, as reported below. We passed over the battle ground, and must confess we were sur- prised to find it the place it is, as, from the reports, as well as from the evidence of both detectives as to having been taken by surprise, we are at a loss to see how such a thing was possible. It is to be presumed that the detectives were on the watch, as they certainly knew the char- acter of the men they were after. The ground is a beautiful grove, >932 HISTORY OV ST. CLAIR COUNTY. thinly studded with small trees, without underbrush or leaves on the trees, and any one approaching could readily be seen for three or four hundred yards. Mr. Alva Wycoff, of Appleton City, a q-entleman of prominence and highly respected, went to the house of Mr. Snuffer on Wednesday night and learned all the particulars, and when we met him on Thursday morning he assured us that there need be no fears of mobbing, so far as the citizens of that portion of the county were concerned, as it would be left to the detectives, in whom they had full confidence. The body of Ed. Daniel was deposited in its last resting place, in the cemetery, this (Friday) morning. Dr. Marquis thinks there is a probability that the detective, Allen, will recover from his wounds, although they are severe. The citizens of Roscoe are giving the wounded man every attention possible. A dis- patch was sent to Chicago on Thursday for his wife to come on. The following is the evidence before the coroner's inquest, held on the bodies of Edward Daniel and John Younger: W. J. Allen, being duly sworn, testified as follows: Yesterday about half past two o'clock, the 17th day of March, 1874, E. B. Daniels and myself were riding along the road from Roscoe to 'Chalk Level, which road runs past the house of one Theodoric Snuffer, and about three miles from the town of Roscoe, and in St. Clair County, Missouri. Daniels and myself were riding side by side, and Wright a short distance ahead of us; some noise behind us attracted our atten- tion, and we looked back and saw two men on horseback coming toward us, and one was armed with a double-barrel shotgun, the other with revolvers; don't know if the other had shotgun or not; the one had the shotgun cocked, both barrels, and ordered us to halt; Wright drew his pistol and put spurs to his horse and rode off; they ordered him to halt, and shot at him and shot off his hat, but he kept on riding. Dan- iels and myself stopped, standing across the road on our horses; they rode up to us and ordered us to take off our pistols and drop them in the road, the one with the gun covering me all the tim.e with the gun. We dropped our pistols on the ground, and one of the men told the other to follow Wright and bring him back, but he refused to go, saying he would stay with him; one of the men picked up the revolvers we had dropped, and looking at them, remarked they were damn fine pistols, and they must make them a present of them; one of them then asked me where we came from, and I said from Osceola; he then wanted to know what we were doing in this part of the country; I replied, ramb- ling around. One of them then said, you were up here one day before; I replied that we were not; he then said we had been at the Springs; I replied that we had been at the Springs, but had not been inquiring for them, that we did not know them, and they said detectives had been up there hunting for them all the time, and they were going to stop it. Daniels then said, "I am no detective; I can show you who I am and where I belong;" and one of them said he knew him, and then turned to me and said, "what in in hell are you rid- ing around here with all them pistols on for.^ and I said: "Good God! is not every man wearing them that is traveling and have I not as much right to wear them as any one else .'*" and the one that had the shot gun said, " Hold on, young man, we don't want any of that," HI3T0RV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 933 and then lowered the gun, cocked, in a threatening manner; then Dan- iels had some talk with them, and one of them got off his horse and picked up the pistols; two of them were mine and one was Daniels'; the one mounted had the gun drawn on me, and I concluded that they intended to kill us. I reached my hand behind me and drew a No. 2 Smith & Wesson pistol and cocked it and fired at the one on horseback, and my horse frightened at the report of the pistol and turned to run, I heard two shots and my left arm fell, and then I had no control over my horse, and he jumped into the bushes and the trees and checked his speed, and I tried to get hold of the rein with my right hand to bring him into the road; one of the men rode by me and fired two shots at me, one of which took effect in my left side, and I lost all control of my horse and he turned into the brush and a small tree struck me and knocked me out of the saddle. I then got up and staggered across the road and lay down until I was found. No one else was present. W. J. ALLEN. Subscribed and sworn to, before me, this i8th day of March, 1874. JAMES ST. CLAIR. TESTIMONY OF JOHN M'FARRIN. I heard a shot a couple of hundred yards from my house, and I found out after the first shot that it was John and James Younger; after the first shot they ceased firing for some time, and then commenced again, but I had not seen any of the parties; but after several shots had been fired, another man, who I did not know, come down the road, and I think they were both shooting at one-another; I am certain that John Younger was shooting at the other man; he continued to run down the road east of here; I think John Younger passed the man on the grey here; about the time John Younger passed him I saw him sink on his hcrse, as if going to fall; don't know what become of him afterwards; then Younger turned to come west and began to sink, and then fell of^ his horse; then James Younger came down here a foot to where John Younger was lay- ing and the horse that John Younger was riding, and that was the last I saw of James Younger. JOHN McFARRIN. X. Subscribed and sworn to before me, this 18th day of March, 1874. JAMES ST. CLAIR, J. P. TESTIMONY OF JOHN R. M'FARRIN. The testimony of John R. McFarrin was corroborative of that of John McFarrin, both of whom were together. TESTIMONY OF THEODRICK SNUFFER. The men came to my house and inquired the way to Mrs. Sims; the third man came along afterwards and overtook them; the two Youngers, John and James, after they had passed, followed them; I saw James Younger after the fight; he told me that John Younger was dead; that they had killed one of the men and that one other had been wounded and got awav; that they had wounded Allen; that Allen had a pistol secreted and fired the first shot. THEODRICK SNUFFER. Subscribed and sworn to before me, this i8th day of ?vlarch, 1874. JAMES ST. CLAIR, J. P. 934 HISTORY OF st. clair county. TESTIMONY OF G. \Y. M'DONALD. John Younger fell from his horse; James Younger came running up to where John had fallen and called me to him; he then turned him (John Younger) over and took some revolvers off of him, and a watch and something else out of his pockets; I do not know what else; I saw John Younger and another man shooting at each other when the first firing commenced; I think James Younger took four revolvers off of John Younger, his brother; he threw one over the fence and told me to keep it; he then told me to catch a horse and go down and tell Snuffer's folks. G. w. Mcdonald. Sworn to and subscribed before me, the i8th day of March, 1874. JAMES ST. CLAIR, J. P. TESTIMONY OF DRS. MARQUIS AND LEWIS. All we know concerning the death of the two men, being the same that the inquest is being held over, is that the one, John Younger, came to his death from the effects of a gunshot wound, which entered the right side of his neck, touching the clavical bone on the upper side, and about two inches from the meredian, went nearly straight through the neck; the orifice is small, indicating that he was shot with a small ball The other man, Edwin B. Daniels, came to his death from the effect of a gunshot wound, which entered the left side of the neck, about one inch from the meredian line, and about midway of the neck, opposite the cxsophagus, and as per examination, went nearly straight through the neck, striking the bone; the orifice was pretty large, indicating that the ball was of a pretty large size. A. C. MAROUIS, M. D. L, LEWIS, M. D. Subscribed and sworn to before me, this iSth day of March, 1874. JAMES ST. CLAIR, J. P. The following names comprise the coroner's jury, with A. Ray as foreman: A. Ray, G. W. Cox, J. Davis, W. Holmes. R. C. Gill and H. Greason. The verdict of the jury was as follows: We, the jur}', find that John Younger came to his death by a pistol shot, supposed to be in the hands of W. J. Allen. A. RAY, Foreman. We, the jury, find that Edward B. Daniel came to his death b}' a pistol shot, supposed to have been fired by the hand of James Younger. A. RAY, Foreman. LOCAL DETECTIVES — HOW THEY DIDN'T CAPTURE THE OUTLAWS. Some three months previous to the above exciting battle and its terrible result, some few men at Appleton City concluded to capture the outlaws and secure the large reward which had been offered for them, besides throwing a halo around their own head and making the HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 935 State echo with the glory of their great achievement. Just where the glory comes in will be found in the following narrative, which is both truthful and interesting: THE YOUNGERS ARE HUNTED AND CAPTURE THEIR PURSUERS. Upon the morning of December 7, 1873, Mr. Joseph Morrow, of Chalk Level Township, upon starting from his residence to mount his horse, which was hitched at the front gate, he noticed a party of six men approaching. Paying little attention he mounted his horse and started for a neighbor's house. By this time the advancing party attracted his attention by two pistol shots, at the same time calling on him to halt, but Mr. Morrow put spurs to his horse and dashed away. Some of the Younger boys, as it happened, were in the neighbor- hood, and a friend of the boys met the six doubly armed men. Ot him the party inquired for certain ones of the Youngers, stating that one of the Youngers was riding a horse that had been stolen in Clay Count}-, Missouri, and that they (the party) were upon the hunt tor the Youngers. Learning that a party were in search of them, the Youngers started on the war trail, in search of the himtittg party. The six men extended their search to Roscoe, which place they reached on the morning of the 8th instant. They next scoured the Osage Hills, going in the direction of Chalk Level, but after traveling the Chalk Level road some three miles, they filed off to the left in the direction of Monegaw Springs. The Younger boys being in search of the hunting party all the while, came upon and captured the party, or four of them at the Monegaw Springs. Two of the party having gone on to Chalk Level, of course were not captured. The Youngers, after disarming their prisoners, took them to Mr. Wil- son's hotel, and had a good breakfast prepared for them, but the poor fellows felt so cheap that their appetites entirely failed them, and all, with the exception ot Mr. Cobb, of Appleton City, ate sparingly, and Mr. Wycoff could not relish any of the delicacies which were so bounti- fully set before them. After breakfast was over, one of the Younger boys stated to the prisoners: " Now, gentlemen, we have you in our possession, and can do with you as we wish; and if you (the hunting party) had me and my brothers in your power, beyond a doubt you would kill every one of us. But zue are men — men^possessing too much brave blood to be guilty of such cruel butchery." The Youngers further stated that were certain parties whose political views were different from theirs at the breaking out of the war in 1861, and certain men of that party had murdered their dear old father, who, at that time was living in Jackson County, Missouri, 936 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. a peaceable citizen, and all for the purpose of robbing him of a few hundred dollars in cash. The most damnable act beiiic^ to strip their widowed mother of all stock and provisions of every kind; burning her house over her head, thus turning her penniless out in the cold storms of winter — the snow six inches deep— and her and the younger children did not have enough clothes to protect them from the win- try blasts. She was then compelled to call upon friend and stranger for assistance — for clothes enough to keep her and her little children from freezing. She was drove from place to place, and finally brought to an untimely grave, caused by exposure, and the wretched treatment she received at the hands of the Federals. Humanity shudders at the thought! " There are a few of the d — d party here who had a hand in that first hellish act, and you are still trying to implicate me and my brothers in every crime committed in Missouri, or any other state. Now, gentle- men, we set you at liberty, go to your homes and stay there. We want to stay the hand of blood, if possible, but if we can't be permitted to live as peaceable citizens, the blame will rest upon other men's shoulders, and not upon ours. This we disdain. You know that my brother. Cole Younger, was accused of being one of the party who robbed, or had a hand in the robbery of the railroad in Iowa, which was committed some time ago. At that time I and my brother were in St. Clair County, Missouri. This we can prove by the very best citizens of the county, men whose word is always acceptable. When a certain party found out that we could prove our innocence, in regard to the Iowa railroad robbery, then we were horse thieves, insist- ing that we had stolen horses. As we can prove a good title to every horse we have had in our possession since the war, the d — d fool party, who differs with us politically, has called upon Governor Woodson, of Missouri, to hunt us out of St. Clair County, as if we were thieves and rob- bers. But I do hope that Governor Woodson has too much intelligence to believe any such radical lies, told by men whose hands are still red with the blood of our innocent old father, who was most brutally mur- dered during the war. They committed this and other damnable acts, and try to conceal their crimes by shouting ' murder ' at the back of other people. And why ? They would rejoice in the destruction of me and my brothers simply because they fear some vengeance at our hands — a just retribution. This we also disdain, and all we pray for is to be let alone to enjoy ourselves in peace. The war is long since past, and as we know there is a just God, who will punish the crimes of all wrong doers, with Him we are willing to let the matter rest. " Now mount your horses, gentlemen, and go back to Appleton City and stay there. We don't want to hurt you, and don't drive us to kill any of you, for such is a very unpleasant task. We wish you a safe and HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 937 pleasant journey home, but under no circumstances must you come back. Good bye." Our correspondent says that after the speech was finished, the Younger boys each bid the party " God-speed," thus showing that they bear no* ill will toward any of them. We learn further that the four brave, stalwart men, who could not bag their game, mounted their horses, and it is safe to conclude that in the future they will attend to their own business. These were the only incidents of importance which transpired within the county, of these noted outlaws. There have been many other crimes and casualties. Marcellus Har- ris killed Dr. James Smith at Osceola; and it was said to have been a plain case of murder. He was cleared by the law, only to be waylaid and assassinated about a year after, 1861, not over one-fourth of a mile from the court house. John McMahon killed Elisha Ellis, which, of course, he denied. Then came the murderers, Smith, Park, Pierce and Gilbert, the three former who took passage across the " dark river " by the courtesy of Judge Lynch. There was some trouble about this, and Governor Phelps proposed to give Judge Lynch a specimen of his legal power, but it did not succeed very well. It, however, made the judge's representatives considerably excited, and they came resolutely to the front and stood up for their acts in the following specimen of lynch law literature, stating their position, and the why and the wherefore of Judge Lynch's pro- ceedings. Here is the document in full: LETTER FROM THE MODERATORS — PROCEEDINGS OF THE HANGING AFFRAY. Osceola, Missouri, May 19, 1880. We, the moderators of St. Clair, have hung Smith, Parks and Pierce, and we wanted Gilbert, but Parks and Pierce said that Gilbert was gone off on trial. He was hid back in the corner, and they denied his being there until we got in about fifty steps of where we hung them, when Parks said, " boys I won't lie about it," and said that Gilbert was back in the jail in the corner of the cell. It was too late to go bacic and catch him, for he was out and gone. He was not seen by any of the crowd that night, for we wanted him as bad as we did the rest of them. The rea- son we shot Smith was because he had a knife and tried to fight, when they shot him, and he started to run, when they shot him with a gun. We expect it was a lucky thing for Tom Emerson that he was shot, for Smith would have tried him and may be killed him and got away. We have understood that Smith's wife brought him a pair of trousers which had the knife concealed in them. We have done the work and we did it for the benefit of the honest people of St. Clair County, that try to make an honest living for their families. Criminals can be tried by the law and a decision given, and 938 HISTORY OF ST. Ct.AIR COUNTY. then run at large after costing the county three or four thousand dol- lars, at the peojjle's expense, and then the guilty go unpunished. We don't want to hurt or damage anybody only the ones that we think are guilty. Our unjust demands are more than we can stand without heap- ing an overload on us. This county has been imposed upon by a cer- tain class of men, and they are mostly lawyers, and we are getting tired of it; the law is not any account and propose trying mob law. MODERATORS. Perhaps the saddest case of all was that of F, J. France, which had been written up for this work in full, but the following comments and •condensation of the case from the Osceola Sun of March 15, 1883, gives all that is necessary, and the unfortunate close. An attempt will be made to have him pardoned, and it is the wish of all those who know the man and the circumstances that the pardon may be granted. The Sun says: We are sorry to say that the supreme court has approved the verdict of the lower court, and F. J. France is now an inmate of the Missouri Penitentiary. About five years ago France killed a young man by the name of Dickey for the alleged crime of seducing his (France's) wife. He was arrested and lodged in jail at Osceola, where he remained for nearly a year, and at the trial of his case in 1879 the jury found him guilty of murder and assessed his punishment at forty years in the pen- itentiary. An appeal was taken to the supreme court, and pending a hearing of the cause, France succeeded in giving bonds, and was a free man up to last Tuesday. Something out of the ordinary run of affairs was used to his disadvantage, and his troubles since that date have been enough to set a stronger man crazy. In 1881 his wife filed divorce proceedings, and while her prayer was granted, so gallant a fight was made by his lawyers that he was made equal owner of his minor children — they spending the winter with their father and summer with their mother. In 1882 the grand jury found an indictment against him for the murder of a young man by the name of Johnson, several years since. Three other parties were also indicted for this latter murder, but France was hurried off to Jefferson City before the case had been tried. Concerning the former life of France the Sun knows nothing, but during the past four years he has been closely watched by us, and has governed himself in an honest, straightforward and gentlemanly way. Being always at work, ever ready to turn his hand to his trade (carpentering) or anything else that promised him a ■dollar, drinking nothing save water, he has endeavored to atone for his past acts, and we but voice the public sentiment when we wish that his trial had resulted otherwise. CHAPTER XII. COUNTY OFFICIALS AND COUNTY POLITICS. COUNTY SEAT COMMISSIONERS— JUSTICES OF THE PEACE, 1840 AND 1841— COUNTY OFFI- CIALS FROM COUNTY JUSTICES TO CIRCUIT JUDGES— RESOLUTIONS OF RESPECT- POLITICAL— THE VOTE FROM 1870 TO 1S76, AND COMPARED— SENATORIAL— THE ELECTION OF 1882-THE STATUS OF PARTIES. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 1840 and 1841, William Carter, H. W. Crow, William Gash, L. R. Ashworth, James Simrall, George Trotter, John G. Gray, Samuel P. Hedges, William M. Cox, A. D. Moore, George Lewis. COMMISSIONERS TO LOCATE COUNTY SEAT. 1841 — Joseph Montgomery, Calvin Waldo, Thomas F. Wright. COUNTY JUDGES. 1841— Joseph Montgomery, presiding; William Gash, Hugh Bar- nett, Sr., resigned. 1844 — Joseph Montgomery, resigned, William Gash, Thomas F. Wright, appointed. 1846 — Thomas F. Wright, appointed. Judge Smith, Edmund Nance. 1848 — Judge Smith, presiding; Edmund Nance, Thomas F. Wright. 1850 — James T. Gray, presiding; Harlem Hayes, Calvin Waldo. 1852 — Calvin Waldo, presiding; Harlem Hayes, James D. Gray. 1854 — Calvin Waldo, presiding; Anthony N. Hester, James H. Green, died November, 1855. 1856 — Calvin Waldo, presiding; Anthony N. Hester, Joshua Rick- man, appointed. 1858 — Joshua Rickman, presiding; William Rice, Uriah L. Suther- land. 940 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 1865 — William A. Mitchell, presiding; Elias Disney, resigned November, 1866, Rawley Llewellen. 1866 — William A. Mitchell, presiding; Rawley Llewellen, William Collins, appointed. 1868 — William A. Mitchell, presiding; William Collins, Thomas F. Robinson. 1870 and 1872, to July — Thomas Henly, presiding; William Collins, Thomas F. Robinson. BOARD OF SUPERVISORS. 1872 — John p. Low, Jackson Township; William Barnett, Butler Township; Joshua Rickman, Chalk Level Township; Scott Nesbit, Mon- egaw Township; Christopher Shoe, Appleton Township; Asahael Heath, Taber Township; Thales H. Wright, Osceola Township; William H. Moore, Polk Township; J. J. C. Wolfe, Dallas Township; Hugh L. M. Doyal, Doyal Township; John Breeden, Roscoe Township; William A. Long, Speedwell Township; Cyrus Baker, R. R. Moore, Washington Township; John W. Plumblee, Collins Township. A BENCH OF FIVE JUDGES. 1873 — Asahael Heath, presiding; John P. Love, Thomas F. Younger,. '■ Thomas Henley, John Breeden. * 1875 — ^Asahael Hiath, presiding; John P. Love, T. J. Younger, Wil- liam Barnett, John Breeden. ] 1877 — William Rice, presiding; William Barnett, A. F. Wycoff, T. j M. Cover, John Breeden. | REDUCED TO THREE. • I 1877 — Thomas Henly, presiding; Ashael Hiath, William Rice. , 1878 — R. R. Moore, John T. Tandy, Thomas J. Younger, presiding, j 1879 — R- R- Mopre, presiding; J. W. Robinson, J. T. Tandy. 1880— R. R. Mo'ore, Phillip VanAllen, Jasper Grimes. 1882— J. C. Phillips, E. L. Harper, Mayfield Hoshaw. DEATH OF CALVIN WALDO. The death of Judge Calvin Waldo, occurred February 17, 1858, while presiding justice of the St. Clair County Court, which position he ] had held some eight years. His death was mourned by a large circle of j friends and relatives. He was a prominent and at the same time was I one of the oldest and most honored citizens of the county. The county court met after his death, March 10, passed the follow- ; ing resolutions and adjourned court : HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 94I Whereas, Since the adjournment of the February term of this court, in the dispensation of his Providence, it has pleased our All Wise Creator to remove from us Judge Calvin Waldo, the worthy presiding justice of this court, who died at his residence on the 17th of February, 1858, therefore Resolved, That we feel the afflictive hand thus laid upon us, doubt- less for our good, and endeavor humbly to submit to His divine will, and that we feel admonished that we too, with the rapidity of time, are pass- ing away. Resolved, That we tender to the widow, family and relatives of the deceased the tenderest sympathies of our nature. Resolved, That the foregoing preamble and resolutions be entered upon the records of this court, and that a copy of the same be furnished the widow and family of the deceased. RESOLUTIONS OF REGARD. At the April term of the county court, 1877, Asahel Heath, who had been presiding justice of the county court for four years, retired, and William Price took his place. But his co-laborers could not let him retire without an expression of regard for one who had so ably and so impartially presided over their deliberations. The court made the following preamble and resolutions a matter of record, and they read: JUDGE ASAHEL HEATH. Whereas, It has come to pass in the revolution of human events that we are about to sever our official connection with Asahel Heath, the presiding justice of the county court, and Whereas, During the four years that he has presided over us, questions of grave moment have arisen, and a very critical period in the history of the county court has passed; and Whereas, It is meet and htting that in parting officially with one in whom we have been so pleasantly associated, as well during times that tried men's nerves as during the smoother and more even course of official duty; therefore, be it •* Resolved, That the members of the court sincerely regret the sever- ance of official connection which is about to take place between them- selves and Judge Heath. Resolved, That in his fearless and faithful performance of difficult duties during a critical period in the history of St. Clair County, he has deserved the just praise of all true citizens. Resolved, That we desire here to express our admiration of that strict impartiality, strong common sense and unswerving integrity which has always governed him in the performance of the duties of his position. Resolved, That in Judge Heath the people have always found a willing and faithful servant, and that in his retirement from the bench he takes \\\\.\\ him to the peace and quiet of domestic life, the deep regret of his associates and the universal esteem of his fellow citizens. 942 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the record of the court, and that a certified copy of them be presented to Judge Heath by the Clerk. (Signed) JOHN BREEDEN, A. F. WYCOFF, L. M. COVER, WILLIAM BARNETT, Associate Justices of St. Clair County Court. JAMES H. LINNEY, Clerk. WILLIAM M. COX, Sheriff LAWRENCE LEWIS, Treasurer. DANIEL P. MORGAN, Deputy Sheriff. L. B. CHURCH, Deputy Clerk.' G. N. LILLY, Deputy Treasurer. COQNTY SEAT COMMISSIONERS. 1841, Simeon Poston; 1854, William A. McCIain. BRIDGE COMMISSIONERS. 1854, John T. McClain; 1859, Aurelius B. Harris. SWAMP LAND COMMISSIONERS. 185 1, Robert H. SprouU; 1870, Albert G. Clarke. CLAIM AGENT. 1864, John Dawson. SUPERVISORS OF REGISTRATION. 1866, Jacob Pugh; 1870, Lindsay Barnes. ROAD COMMISSIONERS. 1867, C. C. Owens; 1870, Ralph C. Bowles. COUNTY CLERKS, 1841, Charles P. Bullock; 1850, James W. Beck; 1859, Daniel P. Morgan; 1862, John J. Scott, appointed; 1862, John Dawson, elected; 1864, Lindsay Barnes; 1866, William O. Mead, resigned; 1870, Thomas J. Monroe, appointed; 1870, George M. Outhwaite, elected unexpired term; 1870, James H. Linney; 1878, William M. Cox; 1882, Thomas D. Hicks, present incumbent. SHERIFF AND CO1.LECTORS. 1841, John Smarr, died 1844; 1844, John L. Trahem; 1846, Zacha- riah Lilley; 1850, George Preston; 1854, Daniel P. Morgan; 1858, Rob- HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 943. ert p. Cocke; 1863, Broadus G. Roberts, resigned November, 1866; 1866, Elias Disney, removed May 11, 1868; 1868, J. Wade Gardner, acting sheriff; 1868, Thomas B. Sutherland, appointed; 1868, William William- son, elected; 1870, Samuel H. Donovan; 1872, James R. Johnston; 1876, William M. Cox; 1S7S. John P. Gordon; 18S2, A. D. Jones, present incum- bent. COUNTY TREASURERS. 1841, William H. McCullough; 1848, Waldo P. Johnson; 1852, John F. Weidmeyer; 1862, John F. Mitchell, resigned; 1864, John Dawson;; i860, John W. Dooley; 1874, Lawrence Lewis; 1878, Kenerly B. Won- acott; 1880, James K Wilkinson; 1882, Ignatius M. Woodall. COLLECTORS. 1878, William M. Llewellen; 1882, John P. Gordon. COUNTY ASSESSORS. 1850, J. M. Barding; 1845, Abram Miller; 1858, district No. i, town- ships 39, 38 and 37, range 24, Abram Miller; district No. 2, townships 39, 38 and 'i)'j, range 25, Merrill G. Phillips; district No. 3, township 39, 38, and 37, range 26, John Burch; district No. 4, townships 39, 38, and 37, range 27, all of township 36 that lies in range 27, Thomas F. Wright; district No. 5, townships 39, 38 and 37, range 28. and all of township 36 that lies in range 28, Lafayette F. Willingham; district No. 6, all of ranges 24, 25, and 26, that lie in township 36 in St. Clair County, Urich L. Sutherland; 1S59, district No. I, Thomas F. Wright, district No. 2, Marcellus J. Har- ris; district No. 3, John F. Metcalf; district No. 4, William L. Browning; district No. 5, William F. Beard; district No. 6, William L. King. BY THE COUNTY. i860, Abram Miller; 1864, John Wheeler; 1866, Hugh B. Cole; 1867, S. D. Whitten; 1869, Jacob Pugh; 1870, S-. D. Whitten; 1872, township organization law; 1877, Thad. M. Gardner; 1878, Daniel Williams; 1880, A. H. Butler; 1882, John J. Hawkins. CIRCUIT CLERKS AND RECORDERS. i860, James W. Beck; 1865, C. B. Starkey; 1866, William D. Gra- ham. CIRCUIT CLERKS. 1874 — James M. Pugh, present incumbent.. 944 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. RECORDERS. 1874, Daniel P. Morgan; 1878, W. U. Townsend; 1882, Daniel P. Morgan. JUDGES OF PROBATE. 1867, William A. Mitchell; 1870, G. W. Shields; 1872, T. Johnson and Charles H. Sweeney; 1874, Alex Walker, died in effice; 1876, John P. Love, present incumbent. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATORS. 1865, Henry Denny; 1870, J. L. Ross; 1874, Thomas Tucker; 1876, John T. Harper. COUNTY SURVEYORS. 1841, R. Sanders Nance, to 1862; 1866, John J. Scott; 1868, I. N. Graham; 1872, Ralph C. Bowles, present incumbent. SCHOOL COMMISSIONERS. 1851, E. C. Davis; 1853, William F. Carter; i860, Cortes Tincher; 1864, Lindsay Barnes; 1866, William O. Mead; 1867, John W. Coen, 1870, — Hill; 1872, William Rice; 1876, W. W. Warren, resigned Jan- uary, 1879; 1879, F- H. Miller; i88r, John S. Smith. COUNTY LAND COMMISSIONERS. 1859, Samuel P. Hedges; 1865, William C. Reader, resigned; 1866, Samuel C. Chumbly; 1867, Thomas J. Monroe, resigned; 1869, E. T. Daniel; 1873, Frank C. Nesbit; 1876, Thomas M. Johnson; 1877, Frank P. Hosteller; 1880, Eli W. Cooley; 1883, W. W. Stiaffner. CORONERS. 1856, Columbus Kahn; 1865, A. G. Clarke; 1866, J. Wade Gardner; 1870, William B. Sharpe; 1872, David McDowell; 1874, J. V. Miller; 1876, A. C. Davidson; 1878, A. C. Marquis; 1880, A. C. Davidson, pres- ent incumbent. COUNTY PHYSICIANS. 1868, A. C. Marquis; 1869, B. L. Dozier; 1870, B. F. Stevens; 1874, B. L. Dozier; 1875, Hamilton Kibbie; 1876, J. Wade Gardner; 1877, N. P.Wright; 1878, Cally Hamblin; 1879, T. H. Wright; 1881, Cally Hamb- lin, present incumbent. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 945 MANAGERS POOR FARM. 1871, William P. Welsh; 1873, Jacob Longan; 1878, R. W. Perren; 1879, Daniel P. Morgan; 1880, Frank Hannah; 1881, A. Canady; 1882, W. J. Perrin. REPRESENTATIVES. 1842, Nathaniel Bell; 1844, Hugh Barnett; 1846, Waldo P. Johnson 1848, John T. Crenshaw; 1850, Alex McClain; 1856, George Preston 1858, Dr. P. M. Cox; i860, Dr. William Trollinger; 1862, B. F. Cook 1864, George Preston; 1866, John Whittaker; 1868, John L. Vickers 1870, C. A. Schooley; 1872, John C. Furguson; 1874, John T. Metcalf: 1876, Frank C. Nesbit; 1878, T. Jeff Younger; 1880, John W. Wright 1882, M. B. Strickland, present incumbent. COUNTY ATTORNEYS. 1866, Shield Brothers; 1868, G. W. Shield; 1869, Albert G. Clarke; 1870, John C. Ferguson; 1872, James A.Ramsey, resigned; 1872, Frank C. Nesbit; 1873, T. H. Wells; 1875, T. M. Johnson; 1877, J. W. Silsby; 1879, J- B. Jennings; 1880. William P. Sheldon; 1882, Albert E. Ross, present incumbent. CIRCUIT JUDGES. 1841, Foster P. Wright; 185 1, Waldo P. Johnson; 1854, Dewitt C. Ballou; 1858, Foster P. Wright; 1865, Burr H. Emerson; 1868, David McGaughay, resigned 1872; 1872, John D. Parkinson, unexpired term; 1874, John D. Parkinson; 1880, Charles G. Burton, present incumbent. TWENTY-FIFTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT. St. Clair, Vernon, Barton, Cedar and Dade Counties, 1883. CIRCUIT ATTORNEYS. 1841, George Dixon; i84"4, Thomas Ruffin; 1848, Waldo P. John- son; 185 1, Burr H. Emerson; 1858, Thomas W. Freeman; 1865, David P. Shields; 1867, Samuel S. Burdett; 1868, William S. Shirk; 1869, William N. Pickerill; 1872, Charles G. Burton. Office vacated. POLITICAL — VOTE. St. Clair County was, before the war, a little more inclined to Dem- ocracy than what at that day was called the Whig party. It was not until the war that a change took place, and from i860 to 1870, the Republican party held power. The election that year made a change, 946 HISTORY O]" ST. CLAIR COUNTY or partly so, and the Democrats came into power. The vote of 1870 ia given so that it can be compared with later years, and the political status of the county known for comparison with future elections. Before the war, while sometimes political feelings ran high, there was no ill will engendered, except for the moment, and sectional strife was unknown. Of later years too much of this feeling has been carried into politics and a bad spirit excited, which has done much local harm, as well as in a general way to imperil the spirit of unity among the sister- hood of states. The gospel of hate is dying out, and those who would carry it into social or political life are rapidly crossing the " dark rirer," and it is well. A union of hearts and a union of hands, which none can sever, must be the future of the states. THE VOTE OF NOVEMBER 8, 187O. Representative — Graham 490 Schooley 62 1 Sheriff— Rothgeb 460 Donovan 65 1 Circuit Clerk — Graham 555 Pugh 527 County Clerk — Johnston 478 Linney 625 County Justice — Vestal 469 Henley 636 Treasurer — McNeil 484 Dooley 609 Public Administrator — Vaughan 486 Ross 581 Assessor — Foote 466 Whitten 634 Coroner — Clark 494 Sharp 598 Superintendent of Schools — Barber 455 Hill 628 Superintendent Registration — Thomas 506 Barnes 542 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, 947 NOVEMBER 3, 1 874. For Judge Twenty-fifth Judicial Circuit — John D. Parkinson* 1 541 For Representative — Thomas J. Younger* 802 John T. Metcalf 878 For Treasurer and Collector — Dr. Lawrence Lewis* . . 863 R. R. Moore 85s For Clerk of County Court — John R. Hopkins* 736 James H. Linney 883 For Prosecuting Attorney — Thomas M. Johnson* 842 R. S. Emmons , 822 For Clerk of Circuit Court — John R. Jenkins* 711 James M. Pugh 970 For Recorder of Deeds — Daniel P. Morgan* 941 W. W. Warren 742 For Probate Judge — William M. Cox* 797 Alex. Walker 904 For Sheriff — James R. Johnston* * 926 James A. Sisler 77 1 For Public Administrator — John T. Harper* : 848 Thomas Tucker 851 For Coroner — Dr. N. P. Wright* 841 J. V. Miller . 845 For Constitutional Amendment — Yes 1319 No 36 For Convention — Yes 588 No 706 1876. Legislature — Frank C. Nesbit* 1,227 Emerson Barber 868 Treasurer and Collector — Lawrence Lewis* 1,184 L. L. H. Cherrington 913 Sheriff- William M. Cox* 1,1 19 Perry C. Hoshaw 95^ *Dem'jcrats. 948 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Prosecuting Attorney — James W. Silsby* i,i34 David P. Shield 93^ Judge of Probate — John P. Love* i,i49 Edwin Mason 929 Public Administrator — John T. Harper* 1,158 W. V. Bridges 950 Surveyor — Ralph C. Bowles* ... i ,096 Coroner — A. C. Davidson* 2,048 These tables give the political complexion of the county. The democ- racy seemed to have gradually gained ground for the preceding six years. This did not hold good, however, two years after, when the Greenback party came to the front and elected their men. This party was some- thing of the nature of the Patrons of Husbandry, had high aims and an honest purpose, but it fell before the blighting influence of demagogues : and political adventurers, who, with adamantine cheek and desperate 1 resolves, determined to rule or ruin the party. " They had been in a num- ber of cases, in party parlance, " kicked out of th'e ranks," and they sought I other fields for power and pelf They succeeded, and with a few " imprac- j ticables," became the leaders of the new party, and it insured the down- fall of a splendid organization, with " people's rights " as their platform. It should never, that is " hardly ever," have sought an extended or national issue. County organization and state ought to have satisfied it, while it was in its infancy and cutting its teeth, but in grasping after the infinite it lost its state and local power, which alone could result in , benefit to the people. It is a heavy contract to overpower the policy ,j and strength of a party in a nation, but county organizations kept up for j a few years, would have been strong enough to demand state reform, and ^ could have won. To-day the true principles of the Greenback party are right, as they were eight years ago, but they want like the Grange, to ■ dissolve their national and even state organizations, and return to county affairs, taking men for their honesty, ability and business capacity, elect- 4 ing them, and letting party, and "Oh, he's a good fellow," be sat down upon. I Brains, energy and enterprise to the front, voters of St. Clair, and \ let that alone become the battle cry of your party. Progress will then 1 find an abiding place within your border, and material prosperity will , be found in every household. That should be the spirit of Democracy as against centralization, and the Greenback party might well join the ' throng. The year 1878 brought the Greenbackers, as above remarked, ' *Dciii ,-cials. , HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 949 to the front, and the following is the county vote, of the three parties in the election of that year: GREENBACK TICKET. 1. R. R. Moore 1218 2. James M. Pugh 1 188 3. T. J. Younger 1 143 4. William Lewellan 1098 5. Daniel Williams 1085 6. A. C. Marquis 108 1 7. A. L. Gilstrap 1073 8. William M. Cox 1070 9. A. W. St. John 1070 10. F. H. Richards 1067 11. M. H. Ritchey 1061 12. K. B. Wannacott 1057 13. J. P. Gordon 1046 DEMOCRATIC TICKET. Mr. D. A. Armond led this ticket with a majority vote of 941 J. M. Woodall 881 D. P Morgan 819 J. R. Johnston 811 A. C. Davidson 782 W. E. Shelton . • 773 R. D. Shannon 756 J. R. WaddiU 696 E. H. Norton 692 J. E. McHenry 688 A. M. Sevier 678 William Griffeth 6^7 R. H. Sproul 672 REPUBLICAN TICKET, 1. James H. Linney -. 763 2. A. F. Wyckoff 759 3. W. P. Sheldon 714 4. W. C. Holsapple 67 1 5. Joseph M. Baker • 639 6. Roderic Baldwin 638 7. Frank Kimsey 632 8. C. G. Burton 628 9. E. F. Denney 627 10. John P Tracy . . 61Q 11. Thomas Anderson 618 12. John E. Abbe 607 13. Daniel Gilson 605 Total vote in St. Clair County for constitutional amendment 14 Against 2265 950 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. TOTAL VOTE POLLED IN EACH TOWNSHIP. Appleton 467 Butler 201 Chalk Level 1 36 Collins 126 Dallas 95 Doyal 146 Jackson 103 Monegaw 336 Osceola 226 Pclk 109 Roscoe 210 Speedwell 188 Taber 178 Washington 67 Total polled ; 2408 SENATORIAL. Henry and St. Clair Counties in early days belonged to the same state senatorial district. The first district formed after St. Clair was organized was in 1845, when it was changed, or other counties added to it. The district in 1845 was formed of Bates, Henry, St. Clair, Cedar and Dade. In 1855, this district was changed and called the Twenty- third Senatorial District, and the counties of Benton, Pettis, Henry, St. Clair and Hickory composed it. It was connected with Henry up to 1876, its last senator being LaDue, who ran against Blodgett, with the following result: LaDue. Blodgett. Benton 818 934 Johnson 2,565 2,349 St. Clair i . 1 74 i .047 Henry, majority 461 Total 5,018 4,330 LaDue's majority, 688. It was then known as the Fifteenth Senatorial District. After the new constitution was accepted it became the Twentieth Senatorial Dis- trict, and formed by uniting the counties of Polk, Hickory, St. Clair, Dal- las, Dade and Cedar. The broken term or two years, from 1876 to 1878, was represented by W. Q. Paxson, succeeded by the Hon. D. A. Armond of Dade County in 1878. The nomination of 1882 was given to E. P. Baldwin, of Hickory County, who was elected and will hold until 1886. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 95 1 THE ELECTION OF 1882, in detail, is given below, showing the vote of the three contending parties, Democrat, Greenback and Republican, in order of their relative strength. The county is now believed to be reliably Democratic in its political outlook. The first named are Democrats, the second Greenback and the third Republican. The result: Congress — Morgan 987 Spring 849 Terrill 746 Collector — Cocke 1 ,076 Gordon i , 1 30 Denney 556 County clerk — Hicks 1,103 Younger i .03 1 Reese 611 Treasurer — Woodall 1,052 Yoast 895 Metzer 826 Assessor — Hawkins 1,022 Williams 986 Butler . 764 Attorneys — Ross 1,078 Warden 954 Sheldon 720 Representatives — Strickland 917 Falcon 854 Grantley 799 Sheriff- Jones 1 138 Hill 891 Wright 736 Probate Judge — Love 1029 Tandy 967 Hodkins 753 Circuit Clerk — Evans 1012 Pugh 1 1 17 Pyatt 246 Coroner — Davidson 1058 952 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Coroner — Marquis 942 McNeill 771 Recorder — Morgan 1083 Dade 878 Daniels 795 Presiding Judge — Phillips 1 135 Grimes 977 Hillegas 547 First District — Harper 1 543 Pvatt 322 Houk 532 Second District — m^^M Blalock '377 Hoshaw 1 502 Wingfield 347 CHAPTER Xlll. ODDS AND ENDS. THE GOLD FEVER— CAPTAIN WALDO'S COMPANY— WHAT BECAME OF THEM— PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY-RISE AND DECLINE— NUMBER OF GRANGES— A FEW REMARKS — THE MILLING INTEREST— MILLS, WHEN AND WHERE BUILT-SOME SUGGESTIONS— THE GRASSHOPPER-THE LOSS AND THE RELIEF— ROSCOE EXPRESSES THANKS- FIRST DEED OF R ECO !iD -SWAMP LANDS— POPULATION THE GOLD FEVER. St. Clair County did not escape the excitement which rolled over the country like a huge wave, carrying all before it, in the year 1849. The discovery of gold in California seemed fairly to electrify the nation, and the people swarmed every outlet that led to the Western Eldorado, By sea. around the Horn, or across the Isthmus, or the arid plains, on foot even, on horseback and in wagons, cattle, horses and mules for transportation, — it was the wildest and most impetuous hegira of mod- ern times. It was not exactly a " craze," but it was a consuming fever which, when once struck in, was impossible to cure except by going to the far-off land. It did not take long for the states to pour a hundred thousand able-bodied men into the gold fields of California, besides leaving the bones of a few thousand more to mark the route for those behind, to bleach and rot upon the plains and desert places, which were found far too numerous in their pathway. The fever took a virulent hold of a good many citizens of St. Clair County. As it spread it took a business shape and a company arrange- ment was effected whereby they could, in modern parlance, " pool their issues " for a trip to the Pacific coast. This was effected and William Waldo was elected captain of the company, and Ervin Thomas in charge of transportation. Under this arrangement a company of nearly fifty men was formed, the names of forty-two being here appended. FOR THE LAND OF GOLD. List of those who crossed the plains in 1849: Captain William Waldo, Steve Hodgin, Robert Foster, William Hodgin, Thomas Elkins, John Reed, 954 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Stephen Elkins, George Weir, Jonathan Culbertson, James Curry, William Curry, James Culbertson, William Marlow, James McMinn, John Abb, Oliver Culbertson, John Wamsley, Harrison Dent, Henry Dent, Albert Gardner, Jeff Gardner, William Smarr, Henry Roberts, Simpson Morgan, Russell Keller, John Wright, Richard Fuell, Mayfield Hoshaw, John Robinson,. George Robinson, Wash Robinson, Tigner Bailey, John Johnston, Joseph Burke, Alec Ray, Ervin Thomas, William Rice, John Waldo, wife & Nathan (colored) with twenty-four wagons and two hundred head of stock, cattle, mules and horses. The train crossed the Osage at Osceola, April 24, 1849, reaching the diggings in five months and seventeen days. One man, John Reed, died on the head waters of the Humboldt River, and John Waldo, John Wamsley and Alec Ray died shortly after reaching California. There were a few persons who left St. Clair County for California on their own hook, as it were, going alone to take their chances in the struggle for wealth, but the names above are all that could be remem- bered. The company under Waldo reached as high as sixty wagons before they reached California, by others joining them, and they got through with no serious trouble, yet suffered much from the fatigue of the trip. Some returned, others made California their home, but it is doubtful if the wealth taken out of the county to pay the expenses of the trip and the outfit was ever returned. California soon became a state from the flood of immigration which so suddenly overwhelmed her, and in the language of "lodge" resolu- tions, what was our loss was her gain. So another state was added and another star placed upon the banner of the free, and with this accom- plished let us be content. The trials and sufferings are passed, and past, let them be forgotten, remembering only the good and the grand achievement in the building up of a powerful state. PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. This order flourished here in St. Clair County as it did in all other parts of the country from 1873 to 1875. It then commenced to droop, and at this date, 1883, it is virtually at an end so far as any outside influ- HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 955 €nce is concerned. The order is still in existence. It has its national and state organization, but locally it is done, and yet it was the county organization which gave it power, and which caused monopolists to tremble, railway kings to bow in submision to their will, and the only instance in the years of practiced arrogance and haughty power, which they had exercised, they ever admitted any other power master. But they tumbled before the banded yeomanry of the land, and their knees shook with apprehension when Grangers demanded their rights. The granges in this county reached the number of sixteen up to September, 1873, and their names, all but two, were Bear Creek, Menoa. Concord, Monegaw, Fidelity, Pomona, Liberty, Pleasant View, Morning Star, Rosebud, Magnolia, Weaubleau, Mt. Carmel, Union. There may have been others, but no record of them was given us. They established a county council in 1877, and for a few years ruled in politics. ITS DECADENCE. It has still an organization in the county, and some few are still active, but the tremendous power wielded from 1873 to 1876 is gone, and to the monopolists and railway magnates it is only remembered as a frightful visage, the terrible fabric of a dream. The Patrons of Hus- bandry wielded a great power for good, and it is somewhat strange that this power so quickly passed away. Men got in the lead who could not grasp the great incentive that moved the people to action, and weak in intellect, the power which was placed in their hands was allowed to slip away. These men have still managed to remain as its almoners, though powerless in ability to distribute among the Grangers of the country the gift of independence from the thraldom of monopolies, yet pensioners •upon the bounty of the agricultural world, held in bondage by consoli- dated power and immense financial resources of their enslavers. If the power of 1875 is ever again wielded by the farmers and working men of the country, they must remove from place every man connected with the State and National Granges. Organize by counties, and instead of passing over that power in the hands of a select few, wield it at home — in every county of the state — then when the power of this local organization is gathered together it will be found that it is as of other years, irresistible. There would be no harm in a state convention of representative men to compare notes, but do not delegate your power to a central few, who will wield it honestly perhaps, but if lacking in intellect or in nerve, may control that power, as before, to your ruin. There are not over a half dozen counties in the state that the farmers cannot control if they will, and to-day their enslavement is the result of their own want of ■energy and the delegation of their power to others, at the dictate of part}' leaders or whippers-in, instead of wielding it themselves. 956 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. The principles of the Patrons of Husbandry are right, but a hundred thousand dollar building, erected at the expense of the farmers, for a few so-called heads of the order to rest in luxurious ease, was about as lamentable a piece of folly as could be conceived on the part of the farmers, but a splendid financial trick and scheme for those who live in this costly building, and are living at the expense of many a farmer who has but a cabin to cover him. Shut down on your National Grange,, farmers of St. Clair, and look to your local interests. GRIST AND SAW MILLS. Among the first things the old pioneer found to be a great necessity was a mill. Among all their trials, "going to mill" was the equal of any, if not the greatest. Going from forty to sixty miles, a bag of corn across the horse's back, and compelled to walk and lead it, was some- thing they dreaded, and which they contrived several ways to avoid. First was the hole burned in the end of a log, and with the iron wedge used to split logs and rails, fastened on to a handle, was the pestle and mortar used in those days. Then came the hand mill fastened up to a tree, and that was a decided improvement over pestle and mortar. Then- came the horse mill, or the band mill, as some would call, and that seemed to be a thing of perfection and a joy to those who had prac- ticed a year or two on the two first named. But even that was slow work. It is said that a sharp boy being sent to mill and being very tired of waiting, blurted out to the proprie- tor of one of these mills that "he could eat that corn ineal as fast as he ground it." The miller looked up and asked the fretted boy how long he could do it, and he replied, "until I starved." Undoubtedly they were slow to work for fifteen bushels was considered a big day's work. However, there was no reason why the old settlers of St. Clair County should remain long practicing these primitive modes, when nature had given it a power that need only to be guided by the genius of man to furnish all with food. Hardly a county in the state has the grand water power of St. Clair County. The Osage^ and Sac Rivers are a veritable mine of wealth in a manufacturing point of view, while other streams like the Big Monegaw, the Weaubleau and Brush Creek can be tound, capable of a power, which if utilized to its full capacity, would prove of inestimable value. THE FIRST MILL. The first water mill was put up in i84i,onthe Sac River, southwest from Osceola about ten miles. It was krfown for miles around by the name of the "Ritchie Mill." It was with one exception the only mill of the kind in the county for several years. It had two run of burrs and did a good business. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 957 The next mill that is remembered was put up in 1845. James Gard- ner, one of the first justices of the peace in the county, erected a mill on Weaubleau Creek; in Polk Township. It was a grist and saw mill, and had an extensive patronage, especially east and south. The mill stood for about ten year.';, when high water carried it off. There was another mill put up on the Weaubleau, an account of which will be found further along in this article. There were but three mills running in the year 1861. From that time to 1867, very little was added to the milling prop- erty of the county. In the latter year a practical mechanic and miller by the name of A. M. Fuqua, settled in the county, and gave his whole time and attention to the milling business, both in the erecting and management of them. He had a fine field to display his ability. He was the builder of nearly every mill in the county from that day to this. He is now a prominent citizen of Osceola, and the proprietor of one, and joint proprietor with his son in the two mills located at the county seat. The Wagner mill was built in 1867, with two run of burrs, and a Mr. Brown erected a saw mill the same year on the Osage, near where the present flouring mills stand, or nearly directly in the rear of the resi- dence of James H. Linney, but down on the river. It was taken down and moved to the Sac to saw the lumber for the $6,000 bridge across that historic stream, and from there it started on a trip to Vernon County, then back to the Sac, and finally found a resting place at Osce- ola, as the property of Mr. Fuqua, A saw and grist mill was put up in 1869, with two run of burrs, which was finished in the winter of 1869-70. One of these mills before the war was owned by James Tally, on the Osage, at Tally's Bend. Samuel Martin put up a mill on the Weaubleau in 1873 in the cor- ner of Doyal Township, and it was kept running for four years. It was then sold and taken to Roscoe where it is yet doing effective duty. The Taberville Mill remained a while at that point, being the first put up there, but was subsequently removed to Appleton City and was the first mill in that lively little city and is yet part of the extensive milling and flour manufacturing establishment of C. Shoe & Son. A grist and saw mill was erected at what was called " Looney's Springs," in February, 1S78, which done some excellent work. These are the principal mills of note in the county, or that have ever been erected. There have been some others, both saw and grist, but not of much force. To-day there is room for manufacturing establishments, for water power is abundant, but until St. Clair yields a greater amount of grain her present milling interest will be able to do the work. GRASSHOPPERS. Grasshopper year was the year 1875 and it is as prominent and as well remembered as the centennial year, 1876. St. Clair County was not as 958 IIISTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. heavily afflicted as some but it made havoc with the northern and west- i ern townships, and from Butler to Speedwell they proved a sad reality i in the destruction of the growing crops. Committees of relief were | formed and aid asked for those who were unable, from their own i resources, to meet the tide of destruction or recuperate from the blow. \ The relief committee at Appleton City was organized June lO, 1875, with A. F. Wyckoff, chairman; A. Luchsinger, treasurer; W. D. Clark, ' superintendent of distribution; R. S. Emmons, secretary, who kept a ' correct record of the proceedings of the committee. Thus the committee on relief was systematically organized for busi- ness, with a knowledge of their responsibilities and with an eye to prompt relief for the sufferers. The next move was to appoint an active , and responsible committeeman in each of the suffering townships, to ' become the connecting link between those needing help and the depot ! of supplies, which was at Appleton City. I The gentleman so appointed was to give the order from his town- ship to those who needed assistance, and his endorsement of the voucher j was sufficient. I The following gentlemen were appointed in their respective town- ! ships to give the necessary vouchers to applicants for aid who are resi- ] dents of said townships: Osceola Township, Scott Nesbit; Monegaw Township, Charles Nesbit; Chalk Level Township, L. S. Cherington and [ G. M. Gabbert; Butler Township, William Hook; Tabor Township, John 1 Hill. Other townships needing aid applied through their township trus- j tees, except those in Appleton Township, who went direct to the super- 1 intendent of distribution. There were three other townships contiguous to Appleton City which received their assistance from that point, and the following per- 1 sons were appointed to act for the sufferers in those townships: Thomas S. Long; Deepwater Township, Henry County, William Earhart; Deep- : water Township, Bates County, S. C. Sturtevant; Hudson Township, | Bates County, J. B. Wells. ! At the time this committee was formed, some supplies had come to \ ha^. One car load, mostly corn, had reached Appleton City, and more j wa?'telegraphed as being on the way. Of course, only to those unable \ to purchase were supplies furnished free. Seed was furnished at a nominal cost to those able to pay. Potatoes, white beans and corn for j seed, as well as to eat were divided out. The principal sufferers were j north and west of St. Clair and were relieved from the supply depot at | Appleton City. j Everything that a generous public could do was done, and those ' living in the eastern part of the state were not slow in contributing to 1 the relief of their sorrowing neighbors in the western part. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 959 The labor and living of a year was gone within ten days, and it was not to be wondered at that blank despair seized upon the minds of many which even the relief offered seemed but a mocking, when viewed by a mind dazed and a sorrowing heart. But it is past, and if not forgotten, as it cannot be, yet it now seems as but a frightful dream, once realized, but now gone, may it be hoped, forever. THE OLDEST DEED OF RECORD. This indenture, made and entered into on the i6th day of March, 1839, between Henry W. Crow and Virginia I., his wife, Phillip Crow and Maria F., his wife, and Richard P. Crutchfield and Matilda M., his wife, of the county of Rives and state of Missouri, of the one part, and Joseph W. Cox, of the county and state aforesaid, of the other part. Witnesseth, that the said H. W. Crow and Virginia I., his wife, P. Crow and Maria F., his wife, and R. P. Crutchfield and Matilda M., his wife, for and in consideration of the sum of $50, to them in hand paid, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged,, do hereby grant, bargain, sell,, convey and confirm unto the said J. W. Cox, his heirs and assigns for- ever, one certain lot in the town of Osceola, county of Rives and state of Missouri, known as lot No. 3, in block No. 24, together with all and singular, the appurtenances thereunto belonging, or in anywise apper- taining, to have and to hold the above described premises, unto the said J. W. Cox, his heirs and assigns, forever, and we will warrant and' defend the same against the claim of ourselves, our heirs and assigns, and against the claims of all other persons whatsoever. As witness our hands and seals this day and date above written. H. W. CROW. [SEAL.] P. CROW. [SEAL.] VIRGINIA I. CROW. [seal.] MARIA F. CROW. [seal.] R. P. CRUTCHFIELD. [seal.] M. P. CRUTCHFIELD. [seal.] State of Missouri, ) Rives County, j" " ' I, William F. Carter, an acting justice of the peace for the county and state aforesaid, do hereby certify that the above named W. H. Crow and Virginia I., his wife, P. Crow and Maria F., his wife, and R. P. Crutchfield and Matilda M., his wife, have duly acknowledged this deed according to law. I further certify that the said H. W. Crow and Vir- ginia I. are man and wife, that P. Crow and Maria F. are man and wife,, and that R. P. Crutchfield and Matilda M. are man and wife. I also cer- tify that I have examined Virginia I. Crow, Maria F. Crow and Matilda M. Crutchfield privately and apart from their respective husbands, and they say that they have freely relinquished all their right and title tc the within mentioned property, without compulsion or undue influenc of their husbands. Given under my hand and seal this 30th day of March, 1839. WILLIAM F. CARTER. [seal.] \ I 960 history of st. clair county. i State of Missouri, County of Rives, f ^^" ! I, F. A. Pinnell, recorder, within and for the county aforesaid, do ' hereby certify that the foregoing instrument of writing was recorded in ; book C, pages 108 and 109. j Given under my hand and seal of court, at office, this 30th day of i October, A. D. 184.0. F. A. PINNELL, Clerk. Filed for record October 2, 1844, and recorded January 7, 1845. SWAMP LANDS. | The swamp lands of St. Clair County were selected by Robert H. [ SprouU, and amounted to 26,034 50-100 acres, patented to the county in 1855. The first sale ot swamp lands took place at the county seat in 1 September, 1855, and Daniel P. Morgan made his report to the October | term of the court. It sold at $1.25 per acre, and the court at that term | ordered the sheriff to continue the sale, both public and private, at the , same price per acre. On the completion of that first sale $506.17 was 1 paid Mr. Sproull for selecting the land. i In 1856 the lands were withdrawn from sale and advertised in the , Independent for a public sale, October i, 1856. The sale came off as did ] several others at a later date, and these sales were not reported until ' 1859. The largest sales during that period were as follows: John Sifford, 3,662 98-100 acres, at $2.38 7-10 per acre, $8,743.11. Waldo P. Johnson, 4,801 53-100 acres, at 93 cents per acre, $4,- ] 465.41. , Sundry persons, 1,495 49-100 acres, at $2.67 1-7 per acre, $3,995.10. | Sundry persons, 3,783 6-100 acres, at 75 cents per acre, $2,837.30. i Sundry persons, 548 68-100 acres, at $1.25 per acre, $685.85. I Later, John McMurtry bought 2,284 23-100 acres and paid $3,220.92; | Waldo P. Johnson, 205 28-100 acres and paid $408.60. | There were other small sales added, which and the total is here ' given: Amount patented to county, acres 26,034 50-100 1 Gross sales, acres 21,813 52-100 > Acres remaining 4.220 98-100 The loss to the school fund of this money loaned amounted to a ! good many thousand dollars on account of the war, and caused many law suits and much trouble. The next sale of note was to Gabriel S. Masky, who purchased I 517 63-100 acres. GETTING AT THE SITUATION. ■ Nothing had been seriously done after the war to trace out the ' unsold land, or iro into the examination of the tracts which had been ! HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 961 default, until 1869, Then the county court, which should have sooner looked to the interests of the schools of the county, appointed Albert G. Clarke agent. He was to go back to the first sale and tract of land and purchasers, see who had paid and who had defaulted, and he was given full power to unravel the matter, and when satisfied to advertise the land belonging to the county, notify unpaid holders to come forward and pay'up, and all who failed to advertise their lands also. In the meantime, the county court, November 6, 1869, appointed Thomas B. Sutherland and R. H. SprouU to show the selected swamp lands of the county as a basis for Mr. Clarke's work. They reported to the court two months afterward, or in January, 1870, and reported also their account of $564 for the two months' work, which was paid. Mr. Clarke was ready by fall, and he advertised a sale September 21, and another November 10, 1870. The September sale amounted to: 3,433 49-100 acres and brought $14,395 25 The November sale 501 4-100 acres and brought 1,267 50 Total sale $ 1 5,662 75 For the remaining land there were no bidders. The county yet owns sixteen sections of swamp lands, which will probably be of great value in a few years, and with the forfeited land, the school fund will not be a loser to exceed $5,000 by the losses of the war. There is probably not a county in the state that sold its swamp lands for the prices reached by St. Clair, or lost less outside the losses of the war. POPULATION OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. The county of St. Clair having been organized in 1841, the first enumeration was the census of 1850. St. Clair, however, was settled in 1833, but being a part of and attached to Rives (now Henry) County, until 1841, her population in 1840 can only be approximately given, but will be found to have been, in round numbers, about 2,300. Therefore, the population is here given by decade, up to and including i860, for the county in the aggregate. White. Col'd. Total. Population of 1840 2,200 Pupulation of 1850 3,107 449 3,556 Population of i860 6,229 5^3 6,812 CENSUS OF 1870. The census of 1870 is here given by townships, as previous to this changes in the municipal divisions and in boundaries have been so great as to preclude the giving of correct figures for these divisions. The townships, with the white and colored population, is as follows: 61 962 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. White. Col'd. Total.^ Butler Township 640 6 646I Chalk Level Township 840 11 85 1| Jackson Township 410 I 41 1| Monejraw Township 1,433 i i,434' Osceola Township 882 y^ 957J Polk Township 316 31^ Roscoc Township 873 49- 922! Speedwell Township 603 3 6o6| Washington Township 593 6 5991 .1 6,590 152 6,742, White. Col'd. Total.j Osceola (town) 286 45 331; Roscoe (town) 302 . . 302; Taberville (town) 157 3 i6oi This is not a flattering showing, in fact it is a very bad exhibit, the; loss in population in the aggregate being seventy; that is, there was: seventy more population in i860 than in 1870. This loss, however, wasj exclusively among the colored people. The gain of white population during the decade was 361, and the loss of the colored population 431, or seventy more than the gain of the whites, thus reducing the aggregate just that number. The colored population in i860 was 583; in 1850, 449, — a gain of 134; but in 1870 there were but 152 colored people in the county. What caused this exodus is not explained. IHE CENSUS OF 1880. The new township organization law of 1872, called forth in St. Clair i County, as in others, a revisions of the municipal divisions, increasingi their number, and rearranging the boundaries. Instead of nine town- ships, as in 1870, there were in 1880 no less than fourteen. During the decade Appleton City was founded in the northwest corner of the county, and Taberville seems to have died. The growth of the county, however, was a source of pride for the census of 1880, as much so as the census return of 1870 was mortifying. It is hardly to be believed that this lat- ' ter census was correct. The mistakes and blunders of the census of i 1870 is beyond all comprehension. THE INCREASE. I The growth of St. Clair County is here summarized, and its percent, of gain or loss, leaving out fractions, shown for each ten years, or decade 1 of its existence: ! Population, 1840 — 2,200. i 1850 — 3,556. Gain of 62 per cent. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 963 i860 — 6,812. Gain of 92 per cent. 1870 — 6,742. Loss of I per cent. 1880 — 14,125. Gain of no per cent. This was a splendid increase, of which few counties can boast of the decade past and the future is certainly bright for continued prosperity- POPULATION BY TOWNSHIPS. Appleton 1,983 Butler 1,399 Chalk Level 861 Collins 863 Dallas 635 Doyal 838 Jackson 775 Monegaw 1,321 Osceola 1,162 Polk 605 Roscoe 1,253 Speedwell I.I33 Taber • 95 1 Washington • 346 14,125 POPULATION OF TOWNS. Appleton City 1,034 Osceola 373 Roscoe .^ 172 1,579 Agricultural population 12,546 In cities and towns i»579 Total County 14,125 CHAPTER XIV. WAR RECORD-PRESS— EARLY BAR. FROM 1 86 1 TO 1865. 5 The troubles, trials and, we add, the crimes of this eventful period' is not a pleasant theme to dwell upon, even after nearly two decades of; time has softened the memory of those who still live, or has lessened i the sorrow for those who gave up life to a cause they believed to be 1 right. When war's first alarm had echoed through the hills and valleys of: the Osage the people awoke, and, while for peace and union, were mostly Southern in their ideas and views. A small minority joined the Federal cause, and had not the Kansas Jayhawkers destroyed Osceola many more would have joined the Federal forces, but Lane and his murderous i followers of thieves and assassins came near driving out all Union sen- timent from the hearts of the people. How Osceola was pillage'd and destroyed, and how fearfully and ter-; ribly avenged will be found in the history of Osceola in this work. What < is known of Confederate sympathy for the cause of the South is gath- | ered from the volunteers, who numbered between 800 and 900 men, who joined that cause from St. Clair County. But their record is not found j here. The Confederate muster rolls were seldom kept, but doubtless in the Confederate archives, captured or found and taken to Washington, would reveal much of what is now only known to the participants of the ^ struggle, and they are fast passing the river of death to the mysterious beyond. 1 The destruction of Osceola was so far in advance of any other act | of vandalism in the county that little else that occurred was worthy of history. When the muttering of the storm was first heard and the Osage j hills began to re-echo the approach of it, the leading citizens of Osceola] called a meeting and issued an address to the people of St. Clair County. ; It is here given in full, and will be found of interest to those who are yet living and gave their names and influence to this address, and to the ; present and future as a part of that history which has left a dark blot ' upon its pages, and which, as time presses on, future generations will j HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 965 wonder why the people in those days gave way to passion and engaged in the murderous strife of a civil war. The names marked with a star {^) are those of parties who are now dead. To our fellow citizens, friends and acquaintances in this section of the state. We are in the midst of an excitement unparalleled in our history, but it should be remembered and born in mind by all good citizens, that the state of Missouri is yet a member of the Federal Union. The peo- ple are still under the broad aegis of the constitution and laws which guarantee to every citizen protection to his person and property, and the free enjoyment of his opinions. And while we stand by the consti- tutional and proper authorities of our state, and will cheerfully obey its mandates, yet we would invoke our fellow citizens, by every consider- ation dear to the rights of men, to abstain from all violence whatever, upon citizens in your midst, on account of differences of political views. Let them be permitted to enjoy them, at their usual places of abode, free and unmolested. We exhort you to use no violence, in word or deed, to their persons or property — for all should remember that any such rash conduct will never prosper a. Just cause. Hastily, in conclusion, we invoke you to keep the peace in your neighborhoods, and let every man's person or property be kept invio- late, under the constitution and laws of the state. "William J. Mayo, *Samuel C. Harrison, Waldo P. Johnson. *W. Dorrell, *William A. McClain, Samuel Moore, ^George H. Vaughan, *Thomas B. Johnson, J. F. Weidmeyer, *Aaron Trippitt, D. P. Morgan, *James W. Beck, *John T. Crenshaw, Thomas R. Vaughan, *W. L. Vaughan, *Joseph W. Cox, ■=^M. J. Harris, *William Rice, R. C Vaughan, P. M. Cox, R. R. Cocke, T. N. Henly, *T. W. Mitchell, S. C. Bruce, "John T. McClain, John J. Yeater, *E. D. Murphy. Osceola, Missouri, May 18, 1861. A few months after that Jim Lane convinced them that they were, instead of being protected, wholly unprotected in their person and prop- erty. FEDERAL TROOPS. The first company raised for the northern army was Company D, of the Sixteenth Regiment of Enrolled Missouri Militia, of whom Ben- jamin F. Cook was chosen captain. The company was organized August 2, 1861, and through the kind- ness of Captain Cook, who is still a resident of St. Clair County, we 966 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. came in possession of the muster roll of his company, and give the names in full. On the date above mentioned sixty-nine ofificers and men joined and formed the company, and the remainder connected themselves soon after. The following is the muster roll referred to: MUSTER ROLL OF CAPTAIN COOK'S COMPANY, AUGUST 2, 1 86 1. Benjamin F. Cook, captain, John Wheeler, ist lieutenant, Joseph Whitaker, 2d lieutenant, John Whitaker, orderly sergeant, Hugh B. Cole, sergeant, Mark Renfro John M. Martin, " Jacob Thompson, " William B. Robertson, sergeant, James Gilbert, corporal, Francis M. Cole, corporal, Robert H.Fisher, " James Cauthon, " Washington V. Bridges, corporal, Broadus G. Roberts, " Richard D. Deer, Isaac Tucker, " William C. Holesapple, William J. Hutton, James A. Hicks, George W. Casey, Robert M. Leonard, Robert A, Leonard, James M. Lord, Robert Lawler, Joseph H, Martin, John C. Miller, Caloway Melton, George E. Marlow. Benjamin F. Roberts. Joseph Roberts. Isaac Robinson. Stephen J. Renfro. James T. Reynolds. John Saunders. Robert D. Sheeks. John O. Bristow, William Bristow, Albert G. Clements, Sterling Cooper, Franklin Choice, Joseph L. DeLozier, Jacob Ernest, Seth H. Fisher, James French, William D. Gamblin, John Higgins, William T. Higgins, Jacob Higgins, Francis N. Higgins, Joseph L. Higgins, Filmore R. Higgins, Henry Hall, John J. Hawkins, John B. Hutton, John Hubbs, John T. Keton, George W. Leonard, Richard Lennox, Thomas Lord, William O. Martin, Robert C. Martin, Daniel Miller, Jacob Swank. George Walker. John Witt. Benjamin F. Weir. George W. Wyatt. William H. Burchett. William Belisle. James Boswell. Robert P. Cole. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 967 Austin Sheeks. Bethnell Hendricks. Isaac Hendricks. Parish Brown. Henry Snyder. William F. Thompson. Ewing E, Thompson. Thomas J. Tucker. Thomas Tucker. William Todd. George Chapman. Gabriel Cove. Charles DeShazo. Thomas H. Fletcher. Oliver P. Fletcher. George Eskridge. Robert J. Meredith. Oliver B. Copeland. Thomas R. Parsons. John O. Smith. The company was organized by Captain Chase, of the First Iowa Cavalry. Captain Burdette also raised a company, or battalion, and joined Colonel Hays' regiment. The First Iowa Cavalry, above spoken of, was quartered in Osceola after it was destroyed. There were quite a number more who joined the Federal forces, and although all the names have not been remembered, most of them have been gathered and are here appended. Other muster rolls were not be had, but the following were volunteers from St. Clair County during the war, and are in addition to Captain Cook's company: Jacob Pugh. David Pugh. James M. Pugh. Anderson Morton. Ralph C. Bowles. James T. Cole. Francis M. Ayres. Frank Graham. John T. Campbell, William V. Fisher. W.W.Robinson. William Price. John W. Price. Charles Burton. Thomas Burton. William W. Lord. J. J. Delozier. W. H. Wyatt. Thomas Wyatt. John Casey. N. T. Casey. W. W. Walters . John Dawson. • Elias Disney. James J. Reavis. Joseph Zohrenger. Otto Zohrenger. William Thomas. W. P. Sheldon. Thomas Roberts. John E. Mc Williams. R. W. Perrin. William James Perrin. John T. Redman. Littleton Clarkson. Teff Higgins. J. J. Sheeks. Jesse Fowler. Jacob Fleming. Bass Summers. T. W. Miller. John R. Bradshaw. S. B. Hodges. McCloud Benson. C. L. Ayres. J. C. Hartley. Daniel Shippey. David McGee. John Upton. 968 HISTORY OF ST. CI. AIR COUNTY. There were some local deeds committed that may well be forgotten, many that oblivion should cover and memory fail to record, but these were among those who were too cowardly to meet as brave men should, face to face upon the field of battle. But the war ceased after four years of a desperate struggle, which has few parallels in the annals of history. The blue and the gray fought, as brave men always do, for the cause they believed to be just, and in courage and endurance they proved themselves noble sons of the patriots of 1776, who in years agone were famous in song and story, whose deeds of daring are recorded among the bravest of brave men in the annals of our country's history, and whose heroic self-sacrificing lives will ever adorn the pages of that immortal record which flashed to the world a nation born and liberty triumphant. THE PRESS OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. To give a history of the press of St. Clair County would fill a vol- ume, for it has been a sort of graveyard for many years for the fourth estate. A recoKl of the rise and fall from year to year will be sufficient . to show that the newspaper has not flourished in St. Clair County. The first paper published in the county was at Osceola, the county seat, in 1853. William H. Mayo was the publisher, and an able, but erratic genius, named Edward C. Davis was the editor. He became state superintendent of schools, a forger, jail bird and drunkard, but was unde- niably the ablest writer that ever graced the tripod in St. Clair County. In 1854 Mayo & Lamkin were publishers. This paper was called the Osceola Independent. Later Richard (Dick) Divens was publisher up to as late as i860. This was the only paper which flourished in ante- belhiiii days. The first paper after the war was the Osceola Herald, by the Gra- ham Bros., started in 1866 and died June 4, 1874. November 29, 1872, the Graham Bros, sold the paper to Thomas D. Hicks and Louis M. Reese. They continued until July 24, 1873, when Hicks stopped and the Graham Bros, with Reese, entered upon its publication. It continued until January 27, 1874, when it suspended for six weeks and- then started up again with the old proprietors, Robert S. and William D. Graham, and continued until June 4, 1874, as above stated, and died. Politically it was Republican. There was a Missouri Democrat in 1866, but who run it was not stated. The first paper that came under the name of a Democratic paper was the Osage Valley, J. Wade Gardner, publisher. It changed its name to Democrat, and this is probably the paper referred to above, and the Osage Valley was the first started, the same year as the Herald. The change from the above name to Osceola Democrat, occurred July HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 969 I, 1871, Mr. Gardner's valeditory and Mr. T. C. Davis' salutatory appearing in the paper of that date, John W. Dooley, publisher. This was a ten day arrangement, for on July 10, 1871, Thad M. Gardner became publisher, Mr. Davis retaining the editorship. Mr. Davis con- tinued until May 25, 1872, when he retired from the editorial position, and Mr. Gardner tried it alone until July 20, 1872, when he sold out and A. C. Appier assumed control at that date. June 13, 1873, the Democrat suspended. However, it started up again and A. C. Appier & Co. con- tinued until June 25, 1874, when A. C. Appier quit, and on July 2 the paper came out under the auspices of H. P. Appier & Co. as publishers. Then July 23 A. C. Appier and Charles H. Lucas assumed control of the paper, the former as publisher and the latter as editor. This was the situation for the political campaign, after which, November 24, 1874, the paper again suspended, and Messrs. Appier & Lucas retired. After a two weeks' rest, a brave citizen of the county purchased the office. His name was John R. Hopkins, and the paper was still called the Democrat, xvith John R. Hopkins & Co. publishers. This»occurred December 10, 1874, and an editorial head was added February 18, 1875, in the person of F. M. Woodbury. After three months of labor, Mr. Woodbury said: Farewell.- — With this issue our connection as editor of the Dem- ocrat ceases. To all we bid adieu. F. H. WOODBURY. May 27, 1875, the above was published, and the next issue, June 3, 1875, A. C. Appier serenely came to the front and announced that he would be, henceforth, editor. This continued up to August 12, 1875, when that horror of horrors, an opposition Democratic paper, sounded its note of defiance, and claiming to be the only original " simon pure," placed at once that original legend at the head of its editorial columns, double-leaded and in black-faced type: " We have come to stay." Before going on with the recital of this interesting drama, it may be well to remark that from the ashes of the dead Herald arose a bloom- ing flower, and as the Grange business at that time assumed consider- able importance, the flower was christened the farmers' friend. Wade W. Shaffner assumed the paternity of this exotic, while the Graham Brothers, manfully backed by their party, stood sponsors for the innocent. However, it blossomed out more like a sunflower than a lily, and as Mr. Shaffner was pretty well stocked with brains it made a gal- lant fight. It started April 4, 1874, with its first issue, but it blossomed a little ahead of time, and to recuperate waited until May 9th for its next issue. Then it continued until June 4th, when it accomplished 970 HISTORY OF ST. CT.AIR COUNTY. the unparalleled feat of swallowing the Herald. As a business transac- j tion this was a grand suceess, but when it was required of the genial ' Shaffner that he was, on general principles, to also swallow the entire Republican party of St. Clair County, the melancholly fact is here I recorded that his stomach rebelled, and — but in saying farewell let us drop a tear. The golden stairs were reached in November, 1874. HOW LONG IT STAYED. The advent of the Osceola Sentinel seemed to impress Mr. Hopkins that perhaps the rising commercial metropolis of the county would sup- ' port a Democratic paper, and he therefore removed the Democrat office to 'Appleton City and issued his first number November 2, 1875, T. C. Davis editor. He had suspended his paper a few weeks preparing for his removal from Osceola. The Sentinel had started out with T. C. Davis as editor, but he withdrew and went to Appleton City with the Demo- 1 crat. H§ only remained two months on that paper, when F. H. Wood- bury took charge, January 5, 1876. j Dr. H. C. Kibber took the helm of the Sentinel after Mr. Davis, in August, 1876, and held the position some months. Dr. Kibber brought ' his journalistic experience from Roscoe. Time passed on and time generally brings changes, and there was no exception in the year 1876. Mr. John Hopkins had got enough of the newspaper business in Appleton City, from a Democratic standpoint, and promptly came to the front and Osceola, by purchasing in May, 1876, the Osceola Sentinel and consolidated it with the Appleton City, formerly Osceola Democrat, and removed his material from Appleton City to Osceola. His last issue of the Democrat in the former city was 1 June I, 1876. SENTINEL-DEMOCRAT. The first issue of the consolidated paper called the Sentinel-Demo- crat was on June 15, 1876, F. H. Woodbury, editor, and John R. Hopkins, publisher. For two years and six months this paper was the organ of the Democratic party, or until January i, 1878. THE OSCEOLA SUN. January 3, 1878, the Sentinel-Democrat was sold, the purchaser being Thad. M. Gardner, who changed the name to the Osceola Sun. Mr. Gardner and Thomas C. Davis being the editors. Mr. Gardner retained control until September 12, 1878, when F. H. Woodbury became publisher, and Mr. Davis continuing its editor. This continued for two months, when on November i, 1878, Davis retires and Rufus P. Woodbury was made editor. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 97 1 March 6, 1879, R- P- Woodbury says farewell, and Lewis M. Reese takes charge as editor and proprietor. This was to continue but a short time, for Thad. M. Gardner took the helm again, April, 1880. Ill health caused Mr. Gardner to retire from journalism in 188 1, and Charles H. Lucas & Co. became proprietors, C. H. Lucas, editor. It is still owned by them and is the acknowledged organ of the Democratic party of St. Clair County. It is well and ably edited and is in a sound financial con- dition. The present spring has been added a power press, new type, etc. THE VOICE, a greenback paper in sentiment, was first established in Appleton City, but as that was known to be the graveyard of any paper not strictly Republican in sentiment, the Voice, having been purchased by Mr. Llewellen, or a controlling interest, was removed to Osceola before death could claim it as its own. The paper was removed in March, 1881. Mr. F. Chamberlain first started it, but on removal to Osceola was in the editorial charge of T. S. Smith. The latter person is still editor and the owners are Marquis & Smith. It is also provided with a power press, and has been successful since its advent into Osceola. THE PLATONIST was a venture of T. M. Johnson. The Banner of Truth, by W. M. Love, January, i, 1882, and the Prohibition Call, started August i, 1882, by J. F. Watkins, the latter edited with somewhat more zeal than discretion, are now, with the exception of the former, still issued occasionally. ROSCOE GAZETTE was published in Roscoe Village in 1870, and ceased to exist in 1871, its material being removed to Osceola. Dr. Kibber had been its editor. TEMPERANCE STANDARD was the work of F. H. Woodbury, and was started in 1878 or 1879, ^"d .was published at Lowry City. These were the only papers published outside of the cities of Osceola and Appleton City in the county. PRESS OF APPLETON CITY. Like Osceola, the press of this city have met with sorrow, disap- pointment and changes in the past; but like the latter city, its solitary press is now on a pretty solid foundation. Appleton City, with its pop- ulation of 1,500, is not a reading or a paper sustaining community. It 972 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. has but one paper, while Osceola, with only one-third its population, fairly supports two. This may not be altogether the fault of the people. They were deluged with an article scarcely to be called mediocre, but they did have a few good papers started, which they gave no better sup- port than those which proved more of a curse than a blessing. THE NEWS was the first paper published in Appleton City, and its first issue was May 4, 1871. Bancroft & Coston, editors and publishers. It was a five column folio, and devoted to real estate as its principal feature. GAZETTE. This was the next venture, and came out March 15, 1873; Cobb & Emmons, proprietors, and the latter, R. S. Emmons, editor. D. C. Meyers became publisher. It then changed to Meyers & Stone. It was published about one and a half years, and the office was then unfortunately burned out. It was also the property of J. B. Egger and H. C. Donohue, with John Henderson as business manager, which was after the fire. These gen- tlemen sold the Gazette to T. W. Cobb & Bro. July 22, 1875. Dr. T. C. Murray, their editor, retiring April 22, 1875. On August 16, 1875, the Cobbs changed the name to the Appleton City PILOT. The paper continued until July 12, 1877, as T. W. Cobb & Bro. pro- prietors, but at this last mentioned date, Dell Cobb assumed control until July 26, just two weeks, when he sold out to C. F. Meyer & Co. as editors and publishers, the firm being C. F, Meyers and D. C. Meyers. In the meantime the Appleton City Democrat had come and gone, as will be seen in the article " Osceola Press." The Messrs. Meyers employed, October 13, 1877, Will D. Graham and that winter or following spring changed its name to the Voice of the People, and, as will be seen by the Osceola article, it was removed to Osceola and is still living, and successfully, too. THE LEADER. The next venture was the Leader, by Reese & Cobb, in the spring of 1878. This continued until August i, same year, when Mr. Reese retired and the Cobb Bros, took charge. On November 6, 1879, the Cobb Bros, sold out to Mr. E. Krom, who proved a competent journal- ist, and changing the name to Courier, made it one of the brightest HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 973 papers issued in Southwest Missouri. This continued until January i, i88i, when Mr. Krom closed his journalist career, and entered into another business. He is now assistant postmaster of Appleton City, has charge of the office and is an esteemed resident of that city. PANTAGRAPH. The irrepressible Cobb Bros, again came to the front and brought the next week, January 8, i88i, the Pantagraph, a successor to the Courier, or the firm was Dell Cobb & Co. The following August a company calling themselves the Journal Company, bought out the Pantagraph, and the first issue of the Appleton City Journal was on August i8, 1881. All of these papers flew the Republican banner. March 16, 1882, Mr. B. F. Terry was editor and proprietor of the Journal, and in November, 1882, Charles Hilton suc- ceeded to the establishment, as editor and publisher. He is a hardwork- ing journalist, and is on the high road to success, and his paper is the pride of the city. THE EARLY BAR. The early bar of St. Clair County, those who practiced in the courts and rode the circuit were, in legal parlance, a brainy set of men, and many of them have since become noted in the forum, in the field and in the political arena. Thomas Ruffin was circuit attorney, then a member of congress from North Carolina, resigned his seat, raised a regiment and fell in the cause of the Confederacy. He was one of the brightest stars in the galaxy of legal lights, a giant among men of intellect. Of Judge Waldo P.Johnson, whose home was here for somany years, few words need be said, for he ranks with the noblest in the state, and his history is a household story in St. Clair County. Judges Ballou, Wright and Emerson rose to the bench, and wore the ermine with grace, dignity and ability. Many others played a conspicuous part in the legal arena of their times, and are worthy of a prominent place in the history of the bench and bar of the state. The following names and date they commenced practicing at the bar in this county may be of interest to the legal fraternity: Benjamin P. Major, November 30, 1841; George Dixon, first circuit attorney, 1841; J. W. Davis, November 30, 1841; Felix Hunton, Robert Stewart and James Winston, August, 1841; Messrs. Major and Stewart acted as cir- cuit attorneys pro tevt. for a short time; E. C. Davis, 1842; A. M. Tutt, John T. Crenshaw, R. P. Clark, William S. Mayo and William H. Ollee, 1843; Thomas Ruffin, July 3, 1843; L. Abney, December 4, 1843; C. C. 974 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Smith, April i, 1844; Waldo P. Johnson, September 30, 1844; R. A. Bout^han, October 8, 1845; W. A. C. Ballou, April 7, 1846; Burr H. Emer- son, 1846; S. M. Grant, April 23, 1848; Thomas P. Engle, May 3, 1853; O. C. Hall, October 28, 1855; Thomas W. Freeman, M. L. Means, Foster P. Wright and William A. McClain, October 29, 1855; S. Chandler, May 6, 1856; A. B. Whipple, December 9, 1856; Allison Wamsley, 1857; T. H. Richardson, March 10, 1859; James D. Perkins, March 8, i860; Thomas B. Johnson, September 3, i860; George H. Vaughan, September 4, i860; John F. Snyder, i860. These were the principal names who practiced in this judicial cir- cuit up to i860. Since that time many of the ablest lawyers in the state have practiced in the courts here. There were J. P. Tracy, R. T. Butler and James Masters, of Stockton, Hickory County; Sidney Wil- son. Amos S. Smith, Charles Kroff and W. O. Paxton, all of Hermitage, Missouri; William N. Pickerill, M. A. Fike and Banton G. Boone, Clin- ton, Missouri; Governor John S. Phelps, Hon. T. A. Sherwood, Spring- field, Missouri; George G. Vest, Sedalia; Colonel M. W. Johnson, Linn Creek; T. M. Johnson, Nevada; T. H. Well. On March 21, 1871, H. S. Douglas, of Osceola, was admitted to the bar, and C. A. Sweeney, of Roscoe, Judge McGaughey on the bench. CHAPTER XV. OSCEOLA TOWNSHIP— SOME ASTOUNDING FACTS PLAINLY STATED. POPULATION— STOCK— VINEYARDS— METES AND BOUNDS-THE PIONEER, AND WHEN HE CAME— TOWN OF OSCEOLA— ITS RISE, PROGRESS AND DESTRUCTION-THE NEW CITY OF OSCEOLA— WHAT SHE WAS, AND IS, AND WILL BE. SOME WORDS FITLY SPOKEN. This is one of the central townships of the county, and time will de- velop it as one of the richest. The Osage River passes through it from southwest to northeast, making it one of the grandest in the bold out- lines of its rugged cliff, the density of its woodlands and the windings of its beautiful river, whose high bluffs, magnificent caves and its valleys and ravines, gives it a most weird and fanciful appearance. All those who have traversed its sinuous course have exclaimed, "How grand the sight." Nature has indeed been lavish of her gifts, and the swiftly glid- ing waters of the Osage River sings a soft low lullaby, as they pass on to the murmuring sea. And in those bluffs lie countless millions of wealth. They are one vast bed of coal, lead, cement, rock and mineral paint. All these and other metals have been found, and when art has exposed this hidden wealth, and nature given up the countless millions now within her bosom, then will the people wonder at the sight. And this is the future of Osceola Township, for man's energy will not be daunted or relaxed until this vast wealth has been uncovered, and the richness of nature's secret gifts exposed to view, What this township may become in the near future is not hard to discern. With coal within its limits and iron on its border, with the Osage River navigable to its door and railroad transportation certain in the near future, and will undoubtedly become a large and prosperous manufacturing point, a veritable second Pittsburg, situated upon its hundred hills. When the tremendous water power of her river is util- ized, and the steam engine exerts its power, it will make music for countless thousands, who will then find homes and pleasures here. A climate unsurpassed for its health giving properties. The richness of its soil, the mineral wealth of hills and bluffs. Nature has scarcely ever made a more desirable place for man's habitation than this portion of St. Clair County. 976 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. SOMETHING OF A LOCAL NATURE. Osceola Township was first settled in 1833, and the present city of Osceola in 1834. The Osage River runs diagonally through the town- ship, dividing it into nearly two equal parts. The Weaubleau flows into the Osage from the south, touching its eastern border and northeastern. Little Brush Creek, a small stream, is also south of the Osage, and runs north through the central portion of the township and empties into it. Gallinipper Creek is the principal stream north of the river, and extends over a considerable amount of territory before mingling its waters with those of the Osage, The township has considerable more of timber than prairie; in fact, with the exception of about seven sections south of the river and central in the township, and five sections in the northwest corner, the remainder can be mostly designated as timber land, with here and there a patch of prairie. The bottom lands lying along the Osage are among the richest lands to be found in the county, the soil being a fine alluvial, from three to six feet in depth, and simply inex- haustible. The prairie land and the timbered upland are good agricul- tural lands, fertile to a high degree, while south of the Osage River the country, especially along its banks, is broken and hilly, but away from the river is of the same general nature of the prairies and woodland north of it. TIMBER. South of the Osage River and along the banks of its numerous tributaries timber grows to perfection. There are walnut, hickory, beach, ash, and nearly every other kind that could be enumerated. All this timber is rapidly becoming valuable. AREA AND POPULATION. Osceola Township is six miles north and south by eight miles east and west, and in round numbers has 48 sections, or an area of 30,720 acres. This number of acres is probably exceeded by nearly or quite 1 50 from the irregular lines of its southwestern border, formed by the Osage River, which enters the township from that point, and is made a part of its boundary, gaining, however, as above shown, somewhat more than it loses. It is one of the six original townships formed by the first county court, in May, 1841. When it became a part of Rives County in 1834, the county court of that county at first gave the county of St. Clair the name of St. Clair Township, but in November, 1835, changed it into two townships, calling them Monegaw and Weaubleau. Osceola was then Weaubleau Township, or a part thereof, and its west line, now as then, HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 977 was the west line of the township. The original size of Osceola Town- ship was its present width, but extended three miles further south, and then north to the Henry County line. It was between 1867 and 1870 that she was shorn of her territory, south, and it was in 1867 that Butler was taken from the northern portion of her limits. The township is yet of fair proportion, being one and a third of a congressional township in size. Here, then, we have a township rich in agricultural and mineral lands, rich in cement rock and mineral paint; rich in coal, building stone and forests of timber; a water power that could turn the mills of a Lowell, and a climate that brings the hue of health to the cheek, the fullness of life to the footsteps, and activity to the brain. This is what has made Osceola in former years the pride of southwest Missouri, and which the civil war, led by a band of Kansas jayhawkers, and all that name implies, was turned into a wilderness and kept thus for years. But the dawn of a brighter and more glorious day is at hand, and Osce- ola, township and city, are moving with buoyant steps and hope in the ascendant, to meet the good time coming. STOCK RAISING. • There is not a country in the world better adapted to stock raising than St. Clair County, and Osceola Township is one of the most favored portions of it. The farmers are rapidly improving their stock by the adding of new blood. Cattle, sheep, hogs, etc., require little care dur- ing the winter, two months being the estimated time of feeding. VINEYARDS would pay well. The country is adapted to the raising of all kinds of fruits and berries, and a wine press, backed by a good vineyard, would pay a good profit on the investment. Fruit raising of all kinds is profit- able. POPULATION. The population of the township in i860 was 2,077, of which 1,794 were whites and 283 colored. Then the war came on, and the census of 1870 gave Osceola 957, of whom 921 were whites and 36 were colored. Add to this population that of Butler, 646, and there was still a falling off during that decade of 474, of which over half, or 247, were colored. Many have supposed that recuperation commenced when the war ended, but this was not so. The devastations brought- on by the con- flict were not effaced for years, and while the people struggled from the outset to recover from the blighting and disastrous effects of that period, the light of hope gave no color to their cheeks until at least a half decade had been passed. It was not until 1870 that the promise of a 978 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. brighter future gave any token of dawning upon a country who had once known Lane, the Kansas Jayhawker. From 1870 to 1880 progress was slow, but it was nevertheless sure. In 1876 the state census showed a population of 1,094, and that of 1880, 1,162. This of course is not a rapid growth; neither have the past three years become more so, but the township is growing slowly, yet surely, and at this time has about 1,350, with a decided promise at this time of a much more rapid growth than at any other time in her past history. METES AND BOUNDS. ^ Her metes and bounds, as given from the map, would be on the north Butler Township; east, Polk; south, Doyal, and west. Chalk Level and a portion of the Osage River. Her boundary, as recorded upon the county records, so made in 1872, is described below: Commencing at the southeast corner of township 38, range 25, thence running north along the township line to the northeast corner of said township; thence running west along the township line to the northwest corner of section 2 in township 38, range 26; thence running south along the section line to the center ot the main channel of the Osage River; thence along said main channel to the place where the Sac River empties into said Osage River; thence up the center of the main channel of said Sac River to a point where the section line between sections 6 and 7, in township 37 of range 25 crosses said river; thence east along said section line to the southwest corner of section 5 in said township; thence running north along the section line to the northwest corner of said section 5; thence running east along the township line to place of beginning. THE PIONEER, AND WHEN HE CAME. Among the early pioneers who settled in Osceola Township, it is rather hard to tell who really came first. Daniel Perrin, who came in 1835, and settled on section 23, east of the town site of Osceola, was among the first. Jonas Musgrove, northeast of the town, on the Osage River, came the same year. Fowler, of whom Fowler's Bend is named after, came soon after, but he was in Jackson or Polk Township. Philip Crow came from Kentucky in the winter of 1835, and so did Reuben S. Nance, familiarly known as Sanders Nance, who for twenty years was surveyor of the county from 1841 to 1861. Nance and Philip Crow had a row, and the timber which Nance had hauled on the ground to build a cabin, and the first where the town of Osceola now stands, was given up by Nance, and Crow took possession. This was in the winter of 1835-6. The store of Crow & Crutchfield was opened in March, 1836, and was the first store in St. Clair County, Richard P. Crutchfield, from Kentuck}', HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 979 joining Crow that winter. Ashby Peebly was another early settler, who came in 1835. In 1836, in April, Dr. Pleasant M. Cox, from Tennessee, arrived and settled on section 20, the same that Philip Crow was on. With the doctor came his brothers. William and Joseph, the former set- tling on section 21. Charles Bowmar was another early arrival, and belongs to the pioneers of 1836, and to him may be added Washington and Henry Whitlow. They also done business in Osceola, and the sec- ond in the town. They, however, settled first south of town a short dis- tance. Bowmar lived north of the river, and his neighbors, in 1837, were Joseph Coslow and Zachariah Lilly, who settled on the northwest quarter of section 20. South of the river, in the central and southern portions of the township, were Rodney Walker, Samuel Wyatt, Joel Starkey, Joel Rodman, James Boatman and John W. Ritchie. Starkey settled on section 32, Wyatt on 28, and the others as neighbors. Littleton Lunsford, a Hardshell Baptist, also settled near the above, on 29. He was a specimen of the Lorenzo Dow style of preaching, and his description of Satan's kingdom was enough to make every particu- lar hair upon a man's head stand right up. He was thoroughly Calvin- istic in doctrine, and he preached with all the fervor of his nature, and with an eloquence which at this day is scarcely found among the clergy, even at the salary of $10,000 a year. His education was limited, but his native genius and oratory was a theme of wonder in all that region round about. There are a few of the old settlers yet living who remem- ber this gladiator of the pulpit, and who shudder to this day while thinking of Lunsford as he hurled his thunderbolts of wrath upon their devoted heads. Where a portion of the Lilly farm now lies, was owned in 1836 by Alexander and Henry Hoover, neighbors also of Charles Bowmar; and Jonas Caton settled the Walker place, near the ford of the Osage by that name. James Clayton, George W. McFarland and Major Harris, a son-in-law of Dr. P. M. Cox, all settled in this township, although the Harris place is now in Doyal. John Thompson came in 1840, and settled on section 28, and was from Tennessee. He located on the south part of the southwest quarter. McFarland, above mentioned, staked his claim on section 36, in the southeast corner of the township. It is stated that Phillip Crow started, in 1838, the first mill in Cedar County, on Bear Creek. It was located about three miles northeast of where the town of Stockton is now located, and was for quite a long time the only mill in that section of country. James Gardner, who made his home at the county seat, was for a while a resident of Polk Township. John W. Bridges, Rev. David Ware and Elder Keeney, Stephen Noel, David Corbin and son and William C. Thompson, were all settlers in and near Osceola in 1838. Charles P. 9S0 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Bullock, SO long county and circuit clerk, and the first lawyer in St. Clair County, settled east of town, on section 15. Mr. Bullock, it is said, still lives, and is a resident of Pineville, McDonald County. Very few of those whose names are given above are now living, but one who still maintains an erect bearing with a mind clear and a mem- ory that is remarkable, is Dr. P. M. Cox. From him we gathered much valuable information, and the thanks of the writer of this history is here earnestly given. MELANGE. The first white child born in the county was a girl, in 1837, the daughter of William Cox. The first white male child born in the county was George M. Cox, a few months later, in 1837. The first resident physician in the county was Dr. Pleasant M. Cox, in 1836. The first justice of the peace was James Gardner in 1835. The first colored child born in the county was called Willie Cox, his mother being owned by Mr. William Cox. This child was born in 1837. The first blacksmith shop in the county was started by John W. Bridges in 1836 or '37. The first store in the county was Crow & Crutchfield's in March, 1836. The first attorney was Charles P, Bullock. The first resident mininster was Littleton Lunsford. The first election held in Osceola Township was at Crow & Crutch- field's in Angust, 1838. There had been other elections but the polling places were in Doyal at Gash's. James Gardner taught the first school in Osceola Township. The first horse mill was in 1837, and was the property of Dr. P. M. Cox. The first frame house, lumber whip-sawed, was put up in 1839. John G. Wright was killed May 3, 1872, by a piece of rock crushing his skull, from a blast let off by men, while working in the cut north of town for the Memphis railroad. Two men, while on a hunt in November, 1872, found a tin can in a hollow tree with $3,000 in gold inclosed. They divided. The churches of the township are located at the county seat, and will be found in that part of this work. Schools outside of the city of Osceola number 5, and each district has a school house, frame, amply provided with all necessary conveniences. The state school fund for St. Clair County to be distributed in May, 1883, amounts to $4,200.65. The same for Henry County (not received in time and therefore entered here) is the sum of $6,002.45. There are HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 98 1 in St. Clair County ninety-eight school districts and ninety-four school houses. The report of the county superintendent of schools for 1882, though promised and repeatedly called for, which would have been of interest here, was withheld. For what reason cannot be by this writer explained. The value of school property in 1881, last report, was $32,- 370, and the school fund, county and township, $36,183,50. OSCEOLA TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 1874 — Zach. Lilly, trustee; John Butcher, collector; H. L. Luttrel, assessor; C. J. Harrison, clerk. 1875 — Zacheriah Lilly, trustee; J. Wade Gardner, collector; C. C. Dorrell, clerk; J. R. Hopkins and J. W. Silsby, justices of peace; P. M. Cox, assessor; John Satterwhite, constable. While the future of the township is now bright and promising, it will require much from those already living within its borders to let its advantages be known. It is to the developing of its mineral resources and utilizing of its splendid water power that will give it material pro- gress. It has not the extended field for agriculturalists that some of the other townships possess, but its location, commanding, as it will, both railroad and water transportation, gives it a greater and earlier promise of advanced prosperity than almost any other township in the county. Its people should be up and doing and its vast resources advertised to the world. It needs capital to develop these; therefore let it not hide its light under a bushel measure. ST. CLAIR COUNTY SEAT. Osceola, the county seat, is situated on the south bank of the Osage River. The surroundings for several miles are rich in mineral, particu- larly iron ore. Men familiar with the Pennsylvania iron region and the iron mountains of Missouri say that the hematite in this county, and particularly in Jackson and Monegaw Townships, is far superior to any- thing they had ever seen. Manufactories are the chief need of the town, and owing to the tim- ber, mineral and water here, are a sure thing in the near future. The Osage River furnishes plenty of water to turn wheels and supply manu- factories for all purposes. Sac River empties into the Osage nearly in sight of the town, and the latter is nearly as large as the Osage itself. The Osage River is navigable to this point several months of the year, and with a small outlay by the government large boats could run to this city fhe whole year round. Before the advent of railroads Osceola was considered as the head of navigation of the Osage River, and all Southwest Missouri and a por- 982 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUN'IV. tion of Arkansas came here for their goods. A city of 1,500 souls stood here, one of the liveliest towns in the state, but Jim Lane laid the place in ashes and left not even a house to mark the point where it stood. ITS BIRTH. The first house built upon the site of the city of Osceola was built in the winter of 1835-36. Sanders Nance and his colored man, Martin, cut the logs and hauled them to the bluff back of the residence of James H. Linney, Trouble as to who staked out the claim arose between Nance and Phillip Crow, and the former vacated the ground, giving Crow possession. Phillip Crow put up the house and also a store, of poles. He was joined by Richard P. Crutchfield, and in March, or about April ist, 1836, the first store within the limits of St. Clair Coun- ty was started on the banks of Osage River. It was known as the "crossing of the Osage at Crow & Crutchfield's," for several years, and the name, " Osceola," was given it after the celebrated Indian chief of that name. Crow & Crutchfield were soon joined by others, and Dr. P. M. Cox, Joseph Cox and William Cox, all brothers, came in May, 1836. Dr. Cox purchased the land adjoining Crow's. Finding it a good trading point, Messrs. Cox and Crow decided to lay out a town, and they located the same mostly on section 20. Soon after the store and house of poles, which was the liquid refreshment establishment of the embryo city, Phillip Crow started to build him a residence. He did so, on the point where the present lumber yard stands, near Mr. F. R. James's brick residence. Dr. Cox first built on the point just this side of the railroad, on the northeast quarter of section 20, and after- ward staked his claim on section 17. The Cox brothers, Dr. P. M., William and Joseph, opened the second store in Osceola, in the spring of 1837- James Gardner opened the first hotel, a double log with a passage way between. Bridges & Dudley run a blacksmith shop, Dr. Cox healed the sick, and the ministers were of the circuit riding class. Steven Noel started the first saloon in the place, and was the first road overseer in the county, having been appointed by the Rives County Court in 1836. William C. Thompson started a saddler's shop in 1838. In 1839 David Corbin and son built the first frame house put up in the town. When completed it was occupied as a tailor shop b}' a Frenchman named Ernest Leming. The lumber used was whipsawed by the old man Corbin and his sons, in the old style of whipsawing of that day. The next house, which the owner's extravagance led to fine lumber instead of logs for floors, etc., was that of Lawrence Lewis. The joists and planks in his house and the floor of his barn were sawed by HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 983 hand, and the plank floor of his residence was the second laid down in the county. By this time Osceola began to show signs of permanent improve- ments, and for the next two years grew steadily. In 1840 the popula- tion had reached the number of about fifty to sixty, and Crow and Crutchfield had a portion of their land platted. The first sale of lots, of which the deed was made of record, was two lots sold for $25 each, by the above named parties, to James Dudley and Washington Whitlow on February 21, 1840, and was recorded the following year after the organization of St. Clair County. The lots were lot i, in block 20, and lot I, in block 21, filed for record March 2Q, and recorded April 10 1841. The first lot sold by the county seat commissioner, was lot number 5, block 16, for $13.12^, on March 14, 1842, in three installments of six months each. The growth of the town, and the near approach of an independent organization of the county, caused the Osceoleans to be on their metal, for they wanted to secure for themselves the county seat. So, taking in the situation early, they prepared for the struggle and won. ATTRACTING ATTENTION. The beautiful valley of the Osage and the magnificent region of country which lined its banks, extending back for miles, began to attract the attention of those seeking homes, in at that time called the region of the setting sun. Osceola from its commanding situation, its magnifi- cent surroundings, comprising the valley and the uplands, the hills and prairies of Southwest Missouri became the Mecca, which brought its devotees from not only its own state, but from Arkansas and the Indian Territory. WHY IT BECAME NOTED. It was one of the first trading posts estabished in the interior of Missouri, and at an early day steamboats navigated the Osage, making the town the headwaters of navigation. Yes, situated in the heart of Southwest Missouri, in the rich and fertile valley of the Osage, and has within easy and convenient access, an abundance of superior coal, lead, copper and iron; the celebrated Monegaw Springs, which possess supe- rior medicinal qualities, and will some day be the great summer resort of the south and west, is it any wonder that she grew and prospered, and became a city of 1,500 to 2,000 people. Then look at her productive capacity. If it is true that water, wood, stone and coal are requisites for a number one location for a town or city, all these are here. Water runs by the town in such quantity as to float steamboats six months in the year, and all who have lived or traveled in this country know that the 984 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Osage water is pure. Of wood, the finest bodies of hard timber in the west are found. On the Sac River, which empties into the Osage two miles above Osceola, are also some of the finest bodies of timber to be found anywhere. Coal is everywhere, all around and probably under the city, nearly crowded out by an inexhaustible supply of water lime rock for manu- facturing cement. Of this there are two different, independent strat- ums, a strata of at least twenty-four feet in thickness, which has an exposed front on the river bank from which the rock can be obtained for years without blasting, and is pronounced equal in every respect to that j of the celebrated Louisville cement. Here are both the fosiliferous and ; non-fosiliferous formations. Another very important feature in this con- nection, is the fact that no other locality in the country possesses advan- 1 tages over this, so far as cheapness is concerned in its manufacture, wood and coal in abundance and with an outlet to market by means of the | Osage River. Any amount that can be required of fine building stone, j either sand or lime stone, lies in the immediate vicinity of the town, i Some of the very best of lime is that made from this limestone, while right adjoining Osceola is some as fine brick clay as is to be found west I of St. Louis, In the immediate vicinity of Monegaw Springs, eight miles up the \ Osage River from the city, there is a large and valuable deposit of iron, ■ which can easily be brought down the river and smelted in the furnaces ' builded and operated here. Such was Osceola and her surrounding up to the commencement of the civil war. She commanded the trade of an extensive circle of coun- ! try. Her merchants kept stocks of all kinds of goods, exceeding hun- 1 dreds of thousands of dollars in value. Osceola, then the pride of all i Southwest Missouri and portions of Arkansas, was razed to the ground, I not a house being left to mark the spot where a few hours previously had ' teemed and toiled nearly 2,000 souls. 1 From a correspondent of the Osceola Sun we extract the following, ' giving a vivid description of the destruction of this important town and | trading post: THE BURNING OF OSCEOLA BY JIM LANE. ! The " Border War " was know all over the United States long before the first cannon boomed at Sumpter, and grew out of the questions that had long been agitated, whether Kansas should be a free or slave state, and it culminated in the election, the freesoilers carrying the day by a : small majority. Jim Lane and others of less notoriety began a warfare 1 all along the frontier counties in Missouri, bordering on Kansas. This I grew more bitter when Missouri began retaliation, crossing the border j HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUN'JV. 985 into Kansas and committing many depradations in revenge for deeds that had been committed in their state. It was these bands that afterwards became noted as the Missouri and Kansas guerillas. .Jim Lane, long before 1861, had threatened to make a raid on Osceola, for the purpose of robbing the bank at this point. Osceola, at that time was the great metropolis of southwest Missouri, and in fact, it was the greatest commercial city west of Jeffer- son City or southwest of Boonville. The people of St. Clair County had nothing to do with casting illegal votes in the Kansas election, nor had they taken any part in the border war. About the first of December, i860, Jim Lane collected together about one hundred and fifty of his followers and started for Osceola. After moving his band as far east as Papinville, he retraced his steps back across the border line, and his band disbanded, subject to the call of their leader. The cause of his sudden change of mind was that the citizens of St. Clair County had been informed of the object of his visit, and had collected in force for the defense of their beautiful county seat. Fully five hundred well armed men were ready to met him and they remained on" guard till all danger was over. Lane kept up his agitation of a raid on Osceola, and pictured to his followers in glowing colors the vast amount of wealth that would be secured from the town and bank, but they well knew that the old pioneers would never give their consent, and that the streams would be dyed with blood as long as the old Virginians and Kentuckians, by whom the county was populated, had strength enough to level the ever ready and never failing rifle. Soon after this futile attempt of Lane's the thunder of battle sounded along Columbia's southern shore. Fort Sumpter fell, star after star shot from the cluster of states, and southern blood and valor were at fever heat and rallying to arms. 1 86 1 was here, and war was inaugurated. The blaze of battle began to scorch the fair fields of the sunny south, and the great commonwealth of Missouri was suffering terribly from invading armies on three sides of her, she being almost a desolate daughter of the Southern Confed- eracy. Illinois joined with Kansas and sent untold numbers of plunder- ers into the richest districts of Missouri. Banks were robbed, the wealthiest citizens plundered, stock driven off, and wagons and teams stolen and loaded with the goods taken from the people, and wearing apparel and jewelry of every description was taken from the ladies. There never was a richer field for plunder than Missouri in 1861. The people flew to arms. Old men and boys alike, regardless of age, form- ed themselves into home guards for protection against the numerous bands of outlaws that overran the state. Guerilla bands were organized all along the bloody border, and a jayhawker and guerilla war began in earnest. Old men and boys were murdered by the jayhawker bands for opinions' sake, and "blood for blood " became the rallying cry; and, 986 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. to give a more bitter aspect to the feeling, black flags were unfurled by both parties, and the glare of the burning houses served to show where the human monsters had left their prey. As men were now hurrying off to join the regular army the Mis- souri border was left pretty much unprotected, and the Jayhawkers widened their field of operations. In September, 1861, while General Price's army was at Lexington, and no Confederate soldiers in St. Clair County, except a few stragglers and recruiting officers, Lane considered his chance for carrying out his long neglected threat of burning and sacking Osceola. It stands on the right or south bank of the Osage River, and is one of the healthiest towns in the West, being situated upon a beautiful elevation 200 feet above the river bed and surrounded by beautiful, rolling ridges, at the foot of which gush forth springs of sparkling water of the finest quality and taste. St. Clair County was settled up by a thrifty and enterprising people, who turned their atten- tion largely to stock raising, and a majority of them had grown wealthy before hostilities began. Men of wealth and enterprise bought property in Osceola and went into business. The town is considered at the head of navigation, although the boats have ascended as far up the beautiful stream as Taberville, at or near the western boundary of the county. Boats ascended the river as far as Osceola regularly before the breaking out of the war, and the town became the great shipping point for eleven counties in the Southwest, and goods were also hauled from this point to Benton County, Arkansas. The town had grown to large proportions, and was a mine of wealth to the citizens of the county. To show the flourishing condition of our county in i860, it is only necessary to say we had a common school fund of $98,000. There were twelve or fifteen business houses in town, and several did wholesale as well as retail business. Prominent among the business men we may mention Johnson & Vaughn, John F. Weidemeyer & Son, dry goods; John Yeater, dry goods and groceries; Sterns & Baker, saddlery, and Sterns also had a shoe shop; Dorchester, hardware; Clark Vaughn, hardware; Dr. Dorrell, drugs; Henry Pollard and Richard Fuell, hotels and livery. Besides these we had one furniture store, sev- eral saloons and blacksmith shops, several church houses, a carding fac- tory, tan yard and several other businesses, including a bank and news- paper office. The newspaper was owned by Richard (Dick) Devin, who died not long since. The bank was contolled and principally owned by Messrs. Johnson, Vaughn and Weidmeyer. The court house was a fine brick structure which had been built at a cost of $15,000 to the county. Johnson & Vaughn and John F. Weidmeyer & Son did wholesale busi- ness, and at times as many as a hundred wagons from the southwest counties were on the streets or backyards waiting for loading at these two business houses. The place had long been the " apple in the eye" HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 987 of Jim Lane as the richest strike in the southwest, and on the 22d day of September, 1861, he collected together about two hundred of his band and from a point near Fort Scott made a bee line for the town. The bank deposits, amounting to about $150,000, had been removed to other cities for better security, as the directors knew the exposed con- dition of the place, and Lane's desire to raid the town. The line of march of the Jayhawkers led down the south side of the Osage River from Fort Scott to Osceola, a distance of about sixty miles. They crossed Sac River at the Waldo Ford. Sac River is a small stream that empties into the Osage two miles above Osceola. On the 23d day of September, 1861, about eight o'clock P. M., Lane and his band entered the town with torches in hand and two pieces of artillery. No Confederate soldiers were occupying the town at the time of their entrance, but Captain John M. Weidemeyer and fortj' men chanced to be in the vicinity, and as Lane entered the town they fired upon him from the brush, and then slowly retreated in the direction of Warsaw. Weidemeyer has since often been heard to say that if he could have pictured the scene which a short twenty-four hours was to bring forth, he and his men would have died in their tracks before deserting the doomed city. The pillage soon began. Instead of pursuing Weidemeyer the Jayhawkers burst open the doors of the bank and removed the safe that had contained the money, and blew it open, but only a (e\v private papers of no value to any one except the owners rewarded them for their trouble. Finding himself balked, Lane flew into a towering rage, and swore the whole town should suffer the consequences, and be burned and pillaged. The clan were ordered to search the town for anything of value. No citizens from the country were allowed to pass the pickets under any circumstances while the pillage was going on. The morning of the 24th, Dr. John Trollinger and three others wished to cross the river into town, not knowing that it was infested by Lane and his band. They arrived on the opposite side of the river and hallooed for a skiff to bring them over. This was done, but no sooner were they safely landed than they were fired upon by fifty or sixty out- laws. The doctor received eleven buckshot wounds, though not of a serious character, and one of his friends, named Summers, was shot in the mouth with a minnie ball, which carried away a part of his jawbone and injured him for life. The other two managed to escape, leaving their horses in the hands of the enemy. As Zachariah Lilley, one of the old pioneers of the county, and a man greatly beloved by all who know him, was fording the river on horseback, aiming to come to town, he was fired on by the guard, and the gentleman had to wheel his horse and dash into the timber to save his life, the bullets whistling around him in a very unpleasant manner, but fortunately he escaped unscathed. 988 HISTORY or ST. CLAIR COUNTY ] In this manner they fired on everyone who dared to approach the j town. By night the pillage was over, and a large wagon train had been ; loaded with the spoils. Negroes swarmed to Lane like flies around a carcass, and were permitted to load themselves down with goods of every description. What was considered of little value or too bulky for j easy removal was thrown into the streets. Hundreds of barrels of whisky had their heads knocked out, and the contents formed little rivu- lets and ran into the river. The court house was broken open and the j county records destroyed. And now Lane ordered his men to scatter and apply the torch to every house in town. The band went to work, | and soon the business portion of the town was a seething mass of flames.] The fire leaped from house to house. The flames and smoke seemed ] to have reached their element, but still the storm raged on. The county i buildings were soon enveloped by the devouring fiend, but still the ' flames went up It was not long before the entire city of magnificence ■ and wealth — the pride of the entire people of Southwest Missouri, was a smoking mass of ruins. Even the women and children were not allowed to move anything from their burning houses, and much suffer- ing was the result. Soon the work of destruction was finished. Lane ' and his men started with their plunder for Kansas, leaving old age and j helpless innocence to keep vigil over the dead and wounded, and water; with tears the spot which only a few short hours before had been peace- i ful, contented, happy homes. In Lane's official report to the govern- 1 ment he said he had taken $ 1, 000,000 worth of goods away with him, I and it could not have fallen short of that amount, and it is safe to say he ' destroyed a great deal more than he carried away. , But the city of Osceola was fearfully avenged when Lawrence, j Kansas, was razed to the ground, and the inhabitants scattered to the \ four winds of heaven. I THE NEW LIFE. I I The war ended, as all wars do in time, and Osceola arose to a new life. The destruction of the old town had been complete, and ai new city on the banks of the beautiful Osage was to be raised upon its! ruins. All was not lost. The land was there, some of the owners still! lived, and the spot nature had marked out for the homes of a generous and hospitable people was to be restored, and where all was ruin and ' desolation, a glorious city was to arise, and a cultured and refined peo- ! pie would make of it bright and beautiful homes, and for true and j generous hospitality, an abiding place. 1 So new Osceola commenced life, not rapidly but steadily, and where 1 but a (qw years since was ruin, now stands an embryo city .of" some 1 550 inhabitants, with a future before it unsurpassed in all the length i and breadth of this land. All her wealth of timber and mineral ' HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 989 resources are still left her, the boundless prairies, the rich upland and imperishable bottom lands are still there to give up annually the richness of their inexhaustible nature, her water power and the enter- prise of her citizens will yet place her in an enviable position before her sister cities. At the close of the war a new order of things were inaugurated and the town soon took a reasonable start and grew, not so fast as could be wished for, but steadily and solidly. The want of railroad facilities were a drawback, for the road north of her and one south drew the travel away, but a brighter day is dawning, and before the present decade has passed two railroads will be at her door, bringing and receiving wealth as they pass. Her growth required the incorporation of the village into a town, and to this end a petition was circulated, with the following result. OSCEOLA INCORPORATED. The people of Osceola concluded, like Roscoe, to become a body politic; so they also came before the county court to have their village raised to the dignity of a town. The petition was presented to the county court for action August 6, 1868, and reads as follows: Whereas, The petition of W. O. Mead, J. W. Ramsey, E. J. Smith, Thomas J. Monroe, Wm. D. Graham, J. Wade Gardner, Lindsey Barnes, Thomas D. Hicks, Alfred G. Clarke, T. B. Sutherland, F. W. Johnston, E. B. Daniel, Charles E. Spedden, W. S. Terry, Joseph P. Landes, R. S. Graham, E. P. Bartlett, W. P. Sheldon, William H. Scoby, G. W. Shields, E. T. Daniel, William Williamson and Henry Florsheim has this day been filed, praying that they may be incorporated in the following metes and bounds, to wit: As the same is laid out and described in the ori- ginal town plat of said town of Osceola drawn by Phillip Crow and R. P. Crutchfield, and now remains on file in the office of the clerk of the circuit court and recorder of said county of St. Clair, and also described and set out in the plat of Cole's addition to the said town of Oscola be, and the court being satisfied that two-thirds of the inhabitants of said town be incorporated within the boundsabove mentioned, and they shall be known as the " Inhabitants of the town of Osceola," and the court appoints as trustees William O. Mead, T. B. Sutherland, William Wil- liamson, Charles E. Spedden and Henry Florsheim until legal termina- tion. The above named trustees failed to qualify in the time prescribed by law, and their appointment was revoked, and on December 14, 1868, E. T. Daniels, William Williamson, Thomas B. Sutherland, J. Wade Gard- ner and William O. Mead were appointed as trustees upon the same condition as the others, "until legal termination thereof" The same year, 1868, Cole's addition was added, but before the date of incorpora- tion. 990 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, { There was very little to change the steady progress of the city for several years. The hope of a railroad enthused the people for awhile, but it turned to ashes on their lips and fraud triumphed. The Hopkin- son Mill was started in 1870 and completed June 15, 187 1. It was a good mill, with all the modern jflouring machinery in use at that date. It was named the "Eclipse Mill," and had three run of burrs, while the building itself on a solid rock foundation was 30x40 feet in size, two and one -half stories high. The expected advent of a railroad started the citizens into activity, and the improvements during the year were many. Among these improvements the following property holders put up one or more buildings: T. Amrine, J. Baldwin, E. P. Bartlett, D. N. Batchelor, J. Bowers, Lewis Conant, G. Culley, F. Daniel, E. T. Daniels, S. G. Dis- brow, J. W. Dooley, S. H. Donovan, S. Faurot, J. C. Ferguson, W. Fuqua, J. L. Hicks, J. T. Hopkinson, G. Jones, H. Kibbie, P. Knipe, D. C. McNeil, L. A. Mentzer & Co. (post office), G. S. Monroe, A. J. Moore, W. Moore, J. L. Osborn & Co., W. H. Osborn, A. B. Brock, J. P. Ryan, W. P. Sheldon, D. P. Shield, A. S. Stewart, trustees M. E. Church, W. Williamson, W. F. Wynkoop. Mr. John Hancock also erected a fine residence. This, however, did not include all, while in many cases repairs and additions would foot up to considerable sums. STAGE LINES. A daily line of coaches to Clinton, started in 1871, making close connections with trains east and west on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad. A tri-weekly line to Bolivar was also started, affording the means of transit to that point, from which stages left for Springfield, Lebanon and other parts of the southwest. There were seventeen business houses in the city in 1875, besides six lawyers, five physicians, one saloon, two hotels, one dentist, three carpenters, one steam saw and grist mill, one cooper, one blacksmith and one paint shop, two livery stables, two banks and one newspaper. This was not much improved until 1880 the town remaining almost sta- tionary in its growth. The trouble with the railroad debt caused gen- eral stagnation. INCIDENTS OCCURRING. Osceola Cornet Band flourished in 1870, It " petered " out. The weather in the summer of 1870 was extremely warm at spells, and a record was kept for two weeks, that from June 23, at 12, as below: dgs above zere. June 23 95 June 24 94 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 991 dgs above zero. June 25 94 June 26 84 June 27 94 June 28 97 June 29 98 Then again in July, 1870, as follows: July 14 91 July 15 92 July 16 92 July 17 100 July 18 95 July 19 94 July 20 , 94 An average of 94 degrees above zero for seven consecutive days, each. SEVERE STORMS. The most remarkable snow storm ever passed over Osceola, occur- red January 5, 1871. Starting in with a rain storm, the thermome- ter standing at 65 degrees, and then within an hour turning first to sleet and then to snow, continuing almost constantly from' Thursdayr at 9 p. m., to Sunday morning, when the snow lay on the ground to the depth of about 14 inches. Nothing was like it according to the report of the "oldest inhabitant," though something of the kind, but not so severe, happened in 1863. William Sanders, a desperate character, was shot and killed by Marshal John P. Wilson, in trying to secure his arrest, September 27, 1872. The Osceola Savings Bank opened for business, September 2, 1872. John Hancock, president; W. O. Mead, cashier. A fire occurred on the night of December 7, 1872, destroying a barn and contents, valued at $500. L. A. Mentzer lost a valuable horse at the same time. A hack line was established in January, 1872, between Osceola and Appleton City. The Osage Literary Club was in existence in 1872 and 1873, and a Philosophic-Literary club was again started in 1879; They are of the past. An Archery Club was organized which attained considerable skill. In a trial of skill between opposing sides the following were the win- ners: Capt. J. H. Linney, Miss Sallie Harris, Mrs. E. L. Landes, Miss Lizzie Lilley, Mrs. J. H. Linney,. Mrs. J. H. Lucas, Will Lilley, L. Con- ant, Miss Ella Amrine. \^ 992 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. JUDGE LYNCH. One of the most exciting incidents in the record of the town of Osceola took place on the night of May 12, 1880. Murders had been committed, and somehow while the victims perished, the perpetrators always managed to escape. This got to be very trying to the people, for it made crifqinals bolder and men's lives were constantly in jeop- ardy. At last, when some three or four murderers were confined in jail, the vigilants, under Judge Lynch, decided to take matters in their own hands, and they did. On the night above mentioned about 150 men marched up to the jail and ordering the sheriff not to interfere, coolly broke the locks and took out Smith, who was confined for killing Triplett; Parks and Pierce, who had been confined for some time for the killing of Bohan, and delib- erately hung all three. They were well armed and thoroughly disguised but left word that hereafter murderers would suffer the penalties of their crimes and lawyers would not be allowed to clear them. The bodies were left hanging until daylight and then taken down and brought to the court house. A coroner's jury decided that Judge Lynch had ordered the execution of the criminals, but could not lay their hands on this important personage, and this ended the horror. MAKING A SQUARE. The people of Osceola did not wish exactly to square the circle but they did wish that the boundary of the town of Osceola should not have angular lines, but to have square corners and right angles and this was effected in May. 1882, as follows: BOUNDARY OF OSCEOLA. On the 4th day of May, 1882, the town of Osceola petitioned to have her boundary enlarged, and produced a plat which was filed, of land adjoining the town of Osceola. Some of this land platted was subdivided into lots and streets and the other lands contained in the boundary set forth below with that portion already subdivided, is neces- sary to make Osceola even and with regular boundar\- lines. These lands added and included in the plat filed are described as follows: Beginning at meander post 6, on the right bank of the Osage River, at a point where the line between fractional sections 19 and 20, in town- ship 38, of range 25, enters the Osage River on the south side, also the initial descriptive point from whence the town of Osceola was originally laid out; thence south on line between sections 19 and 20, 32 chains and 14 links, according to the L^nited States survey, to the southwest corner of the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 20; thence HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 993 east on the line between the north and south half of the south half of section 20, 60 chains, more or less, according to the United States sur- vey, to the center of the southeast quarter of said section 20; thence north 80 chains, more or less, according to the United States survey, to the center of the southeast quarter of section 17; thence west on the line between the north and south half of the southeast quarter of said section 17, 20 chains, more or less, according to the United States sur- vey, to the quarter section line running north and south through the center of said section 17; thence north on said quarter section line 14 chains and 60 links, more or less, to the Osage River; thence follovv^ing the meanderings of the Osage River up the river on the right bank to meander post 6. the place of beginning. The court further finds that the foregoing boundary and description of the corporation, as aforesaid, is inclusive of the original boundary of the town of Osceola, Missouri, and that the said description compre- hends the addition to the town of Osceola according to the plat of survey. Therefore, be it ordered, adjudged and decreed that the land described as aforesaid, be added to and incorporated within the corpor- ation of the town of Osceola, Missouri, and that this order be spread on the records of the court. POSTMASTERS. The first postmaster of Osceola was Philip Crow, in 1838. In 1862, Daniel H. Webster became postmaster, and in 1870, L. A. Mentzer, a very popular gentleman, became postmaster, and is still in charge of the ofifice. CHURCHES OF OSCEOLA — PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. On the first Sabbath in March, 1842, a number of the citizens belonging to the above denomination decided upon the organization of a church, and the following named persons were the original members: Samuel W. Harris, Robert Osborn, Lawrence Lewis, Elizabeth Cox, Melissa Osborn, Samuel S. Moore, Dooey Osborn, Elizabeth Osborn. The Revs. Amasa Jones and E. P. Nod organized the church. The Rev. Amasa Jones was one of the first preachers and teachers at Harmony Mission, going there in the year 1820, and from there removing to or near a place called Germantown, in the year 1838. The congregation had no regular pastor up to 1855, and at this time its communicants numbered twenty-two. The elders of the church were Samuel W. Har- ris and Robert Osborn. Up to 1859 the church was supplied by the Rev. Amasa Jones, Rev. G. W. Harlan and Rev. J. V. Barks. In Feb- ruary of the latter year, the Rev. J. V. Barks was unanimously invited to act as stated supply for that year, which he did, and this ended the proceedings of the church of ante bellum days. When peace had come, and prosperity or the hope of prasperity had begun to dawn in the minds of the people, the old members of the church once more thought of its reorganization, and in September, 1867, 994 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. this was accomplished by the Rev. J. M. Brown, with the following list of members: G. W. Shield, Thomas J. Monroe, T. B. Ney, Miss A. E. Wise, Miss L. Hicks, E. P. Bartlett, Miss J. A. Scobey and J. P. Landes. The church was named the " Presbyterian Church of Osceola." On November 28, 1868, the Rev. D. C. Milner, who had been called to the pastorate, preached his first sermon and remained in charge three years, and proved himself an earnest and faithful embassador for Christ. A church building was needed, and in the winter of 1870-1 prepara- tions were made to erect a brick church ample in accommodation for all who wish to come, and this was done. The church, a fine brick building, was completed ready for occupancy in 1871, and was and is one of the most imposing brick structures in the city. It was then to be dedicated, and this occurred soon after, and a description of the ceremony is here given, with a short history of the church. The dedication was by the Rev. C. H. Dunlap, of Sedalia, whose eloquence and impressive manners caused deep feeling throughout the ceremony. He took the following for his text, being the first verse of the I22d Psalm: "And I was glad when they said unto me, 'Let us go up into the house of the Lord.'" Some items concerning the "rise and progress" of this building may not prove uninteresting to our readers. The subscription paper was first started by the Rev. J. M. Brown, now of Neosho, over three years since. Two lots were kindly donated by the Hon. Waldo P. John- son, three lots purchased by extra subscription and the corner stone of the building was laid in 1870. The original cost of the building, which is 38x56, together with the current value of the lots, makes the entire church property worth about $4,500. This building was the first church edifice completed since the war. Its interior arrangements are comfortable and pleasant, and its exterior neat and attractive. In 1872 the Rev. G. W. McMillen began his labors for the church, and severed his connection in 1873. In addition, from 1874 to 1879, the following named pastors officiated, in the order named: Rev. William P. Baker, (now dead) Rev. William M. Reed and Rev. S. W. Mitchell. From the latter date to the present time, with but short intervals, the Rev. J. F. Watkins has ministered to the church. It has prospered greatly under his administration. It has now a membership of sixty. Present session of church, Hugh R. McAllister, Scott Nesbit and W. E. Lilley. M. E. CHURCH, SOUTH. Tljis church was organized before the war, and had a fine church building, which was destroyed by fire with Osceola's destruction. The church was re-organized in 1871, with the tollowing members: Mrs. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 995 Augusta Baldwin, Dr. Doyal and wife, and Mrs. James Hicks and two others, names forc^otten. Their present membership is thirty-one. Rev. Mr. Prottsman was the presiding elder and organized the church. The pastors have been Rev. Briggs, Rev. Armstrong, Rev. Bruding Rev. Doner, Rev. Hultz, Rev. James Baughrenburg, Rev. Stewart, and the present pastor. Rev. James Proctor. The society built a very neat church (frame) in i88i, costing $8oo. The Sunday School has sixty-five scholars, I. M. Woodall superintendent. The school is in a prosperous condition, as is also the church. CHRISTIAN CHURCH. This church was organized in 1871, by Elder W. J. Burge, of Henry County, with' sixty members, the following names only being given: Dr. Hamilton and wife, Mrs. Sutherland, James R. Johnston and wife, James M. Pugh and W. W. Warren. Since its organization Elder War- ren has been its pastor. Its members now number thirty. REMARKS. The writer failed to receive, though often asked for, the report of the Baptist, and many churches returned but skeleton remarks. The only full and satisfactory report came from the Presbyterian Church and is given in full. All others would have been as well treated had reports been sent in as requested. M. E. CHURCH. After the close of the war, in 1865, this church was organized with Thomas M Johnson, Mrs. Anna Johnson, E. J. Smith, Dr. D. C. McNiel, William W. Johnson, Mary Gardner, E. M. Westfall, Susan Reese, G. H. Whitaker and wife, L. N. Davis and wife, Pauline J. Landes, John Stock- man, Mary J. Landes, Bidkah Jones and wife, George Outhwaight and wife, and Mary F. and Susan A. Outhwaight as its original members. The present membership is forty, and the pastors have officiated in the order here given: Rev. D. C. McNiel, Rev. A. R. Nichols, Rev. Gas- corn, Rev. A. Y. Graham, Rev. F. M. W. Smith, Rev. C. H. Wooley and Rev. E. J. Hunt. The Rev. C. H. Wooley died in the third year of his pastorate, and on April 28, 1879. They erected a very handsome frame church at a cost of $2,500, but the year was not stated. The Sabbath School has about 100 pupils, a union school and about equally divided, under the superintendency of Levi A. Mentzer, and is in a very flourishing condition under his able management. The pas- tors have been earnest and efficient in the discharge of their duties. 996 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUN'n'. The ladies of the church purchased two lots, paying $225 each, through their own exertions, and deserve credit for their unselfish work. GEM LODGE, NO. 1 55, A. O. U. W. This lodge was instituted by W. R. Sheen, D. D. G. M. W., August 29, 1879. Drs. D. C. McNeil and N. P. Wright were appointed as medical examiners. The charter members were Robert Latz, Oscar Q. McNeil, W. W. Warren, Jacob H. Donovan, W. M. Cox, James H. Linney, A. S. Stewart, L. Conants, N. P. Wright, Francis P. Daniels and Joseph P. Landes. The first officers were : Robert Latz, M. W.; W. W. Warren, P. M. W.; Jacob Donovan, G. F.; A. S. Stewart, O.; F. P. Daniels, G.; Oscar Q. McNeil, R.; L. Conant, Fin.; Joseph P. Landes, Receiver; W. M. Cox, I. W.; N. P. Wright, O. W.; N. P. Wright. Examining Surgeon. Number of members 37. Two members have died within thirty days, and their families received their beneficiary of $2,000. The present officers are: T. H. Wright, P. M. W. ; J. Wade Gardner, M. W.; W. O. Mead, G. F.; W.C. Holsapple, O.; O. Q. McNeil, Recorder; Jacob H. Donovan, G.; D. D. K. Holly, Fin.; Joseph L. English, Receiver; L. Samuels, L W.; Charles Gaubatz, O. W.; John Seevers, Med. Ex. The lodge is in a flourishing condition and contemplate the erection of a hall the present year. OSCEOLA LODGE NO. 65, L O. O. F., was first instituted October 2r, 1853. Its hall and papers were destroyed by fire in 1861, when Osceola was burned, and the charter reclaimed July 2, 1867. The charter members were Lawrence Lewis, W. B. Mur- ray, John J. Scott, William M. Cox, William H. Scobey, Francis M. Coe. The first officers were: John J. Scott, N. G.; William H. Scobey, V. G.; William M. Cox, Secretary; and L. Lewis, Treasurer. The present membership is thirty, and the officers are: W. C. Holsapple, N. G.; John Severs, V. G.; W. A, Daniels, Secretary; and Joseph L. English, Treasurer. HOREB CHAPTER NO. 47, R. A. M., Osceola, Missouri, was organized April 3, 1868, under dispensation, and instituted by Dr. D. C. McNeil, P. H. P., by authority of G. H. P. of Missouri. The following were the officers and members: E. P. Bartlett, M. E. H. P.; T. B. Sutherland, E. K.; J. W. Gardner. E. S.; S. S. Burdett, C. H.; W. D. Grayham, P. S.; EHas Disney, R. A. C; J. H. Thomas, M. 3d v.; W. M. Cox, M. 2d V.; J. P. Landes, M. ist V.; W. O. Mead, Sec- retary; B. L. Dawson, Guard. Since this chapter has been formed, two others have been formed, in part of the members belonging here, so that HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, 997 the membership is yet small, numbering at this time sixteen. The chapter is composed of the leading men of the city, and is in good working order. The present officers are as follows: John H. Lucas, H. P.; W. M. Cox, K, ; A. G. Cornelius, S.; D. K. Holly, Treasurer; Jacob Donovan, Secretary; James H. Linney, C. H.; Robert Latz, P. S.; J. Wade Gard- ner, R. A. C; T. H. Wright, M. T. V.; T. D. Hicks, M. S. V.; J. P. Lan- des, M. F. v.; Thomas Amrin, G. .ST. CLAIR LODGE, NO. 273, A. F. & A. M. This lodge was organized at the city of Osceola December, 1867, and the following were its officers: Samuel S. Burdette, W. M.; Elias Disney, S. W.; John H. Thomas, Jr., J. W.; Thomas B. Sutherland, Treas- urer; William D. Graham, Secretary; William O. Mead, S. D.; E. P. Bartlett, J. D.; D. P. Shield, T.; William M. Cox and T. B. Nay, Stew- ards. In 1872 they built a handsome lodge room over the Hancock store at a cost of $2,000, and this sum is now, with interest, nearly all paid. The hall was dedicated with impressive ceremony, on St. John's day, June 24, 1873. The books of the lodge show a membership of 130. Deaths, (4) removals, etc., have reduced this number, but there are still some fifty active members. The officers are: C. J. Harrison, W. M.; William C. Holsapple, S. W.; D. K. Holly, J. W.; J. H. Lucas, S. D.; Dr. J. W^ade Gardner, J. D.; Franc P. Daniel, Treasurer; B. B. Bennett, Secretary; Levi A. Mentzer, and Scott Nesbit, Stewards; John M. Renfro, Tyler. POPULATION OF OSCEOLA. The population of the city is, after much research, given at the the dates mentioned, and will be found as the only correct record: Population in 1840 50 Population in 1850 477 Population in 1855 1062 Population in i860 1523 AFTER THE WAR. Population in 1865 183 Population in 1870 331 Population in 1880 373 Population in 1883 562 The town proper is like the county, out of debt, the railroad bond debt of the latter excepted. 998 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. TO\VN OFFICIALS. 1874— W. T. Johnson, W. O. Mead, F. C. Nesbit, L. A. Mentzer and W. D. Lowder, trustees. 1878 — William T. Johnson, Robert Latz, Franz Daniel, L. A. Ment- zer, F. P. Hostetter, board of trustees; W. T. Johnson, mayor; Louis M. Reese, clerk; G. W. Shield, attorney; John E. Cole, marshal; John E. Cole, assessor and collector. The city, in 1883, having the necessary population to become a city of the fourth class, it voted March 27, 1883, upon the question and was carried by sixty majority. The first election for town officers, April 3, 1S83, gave the following result: For Mayor — Thomas M. Johnson 66 Dr. J. Wade Gardner 50 For Marshal- Henry T. Calvird 75 Wesley G. Shepherd 26 B. F. Jones 13 Aldermen, First ward — John P. Gordon 45 Joel Y. Wilson 21 T. H. Wright S John Seevers 33 Aldermen, Second ward — John C. Whaley 50 John R. Hamblin 48 John Hancock 3 Walter Dunn i Capt. James i The vote for commissioner of schools in this district is as follows: John S. Smith 69 T. M. Johnson 46 Joel Mvers ' 14 W. W. Mallory ; i The vote as far as heard from, is as follows: John S. Smith 315 T. M. Johnson 103 Joel Myers 103 W. W. Mallory 79 M. Roderick 25 BUSINESS OF 1883. 4 dry goods and general stores. 2 hardware and stove stores. 2 agricultural implement stores. i grocery and furniture store. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 999 I furniture store. I variety store. 1 boot and shoe store. 2 lumber yards. 2 printing and job ofifices. 1 steam saw mill. 2 meat markets. 3 boarding houses. 2 feed yards and stables. 2 barbers. 1 millinery store. 2 drug stores. 2 harness stores. 1 bank. 2 steam flouring mills. 2 blacksmith and wagon shops. 3 hotels. 1 livery and sale stable. 2 carpenters and builders. I saloon. PROFESSIONS. 4 physicians. 5 churches. 9 lawyers. Biographies of all the leading lawyers will be found under that head. ST. CLAIR COUNTY BANK was organized as a state bank in 1870, with a capital of $50,000, its pres- ident being William W. Sanford, of St. Louis, Missouri; vice president, John C. Nesbit, and cashier, Joseph P. Landis. The stockholders organ- izing the bank were: "William W. Sanford, John C. Nesbit, Joseph P. Landes, Frank C. Nesbit, E. I. Smith, John C. Ferguson, Waldo P.John- son and Scott Nesbit. In March, 1874, Scott Nesbit removed to Osceola from his farm and took the position of assistant cashier, which position he has occupied ever since. William W. Sanford died in the city of St. Louis in Febru- ary, 1882. The present officers are L. A. Mentzer, president; John C. Nesbit, vice president; Joseph P. Landes, cashier; Scott Nesbit, assist- ant cashier. This institution has done much to develop the business of the county, and has in the course of its thirteen years of business accumulated a fine surplus "fund in addition to its original capital. It was f he first bank organized in the county after the war. There is nothing now to stop the onward progress of the city ot Osceola. She has secured a healthy growth, and having doffed the habiliments of youth, will now progress from manhood's stage. She has within and around her all the elements of solid prosperity. She has a generous, cultured, refined and hospitable people; she is a growing town in the most prosperous state in the Union, and therefore her progress and material prosperity is as assured as the rising and setting of the sun in its diurnal course, and let us believe that her people are well worthy the bright future in store for them CHAPTER XVI. APPLETON TOWNSHIP. ITS BOUNDS-WATER, TIMBER AND AREA-POPULATION-PRODUCTION-PIONEERS AND PROGRESS-APPLETON CITY-ARLINGTON-INCORPORATED- ITS FIRST SETTLERS- APPLETON CITY ON JANUARY i, 1883-MANUFACTURES-ITS RAILROAD SHIPMENTS- DISTRICT FAIR. APPLETON TOWNSHIP. This was the last township organized in St. Clair, and this was in 1880. The township was taken from the west side of Monegaw, and the growth of Appleton City in the northwest corner, which had become the commercial metropolis of the county, demanded better and nearer township facilities. This arrangement was effected by petition to the county court, when Appleton City became satisfied that, although the commercial metropolis of the county as aforesaid, she was not St. Clair County by several townships. The township is bounded in the north by Henry County, on the east by Monegaw Township, on the south by Taber Township, and on the west by Bates County. For beauty of landscape, the fruitfulness of its soil, in the variety of its productive capacity, Ap- pleton Township has no superior in Southwest Missouri. The county court gave its description as follows : BOUNDED. "Established and being bounded by the congressional lines of town- ship number 39. of range 28," — June 5, 1872. WATER, TIMBER, AND AREA. The township is fairly watered, the Big Monegaw Creek entering the township on the north side near the center and running west of south some six miles, turns thence in a southeasterly direction to the southeast corner of the county, flowing into the Osage River. The Little Monegaw rises in the north, and running south on the east side of the township, empties into the Big Monegaw, about one-half mile from the southern line of the township. These are the principal streams and with HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. lOOI their branches, makes the north, central and eastern part of the town- ship vvell watered. Timber is only found on the Monegaw, and the township is a prairie with a rolling surface, splendid drainage and unsur- passed for grapes, cereals or vegetables. It is this quality of the soil and its varied productiveness, combined with the facility of railroad transportation, which has made the prosper- ous city of Appleton, with its commanding position of wealth and enter- prise. The township, owing to the fraction addition to congressional town- ship 39 on its northern border, is seven and a half miles north and south by SIX (the regular width) east and west, containing about forty-five sections of land, or 28,800 acres. GROWTH AND POPULATION. The growth of the township has not kept pace with the city, but that is not to be expected. The city draws both from Henry and Bates County much sustenance and is not a town of local township import- ance, but is the financial and commercial center of a large scope of country. Its population in 1876 was 1.354 Its population in 1880 was 1.983 A gain in four years of 629 Of this the township is given 949. The total increase shows a gain of fifty per cent in four years, which ought to satisfy the people. The assessor's returns for 1876 gave the following statement of the township's productiveness in stock and cereals, with a probable town- ship or farming population of 700, and ranks with other townships as follows: HOW IT STOOD. In horses it was fourth and had 472 head. In cattle it was third and had 1,700 head. In sheep it was sixth and had 889 head. In hogs it was tenth and had 1,097 head. In corn it was sixth and had 118,860 bushels. In oats it was sixth and had 5,980 bushels. In hay it was second and had 3,609 tons. In the valuation of real estate it was second. While this is a very small showing for the capability of the town- ship, it is an exceedingly good one when the population is considered. What Appleton Township needs is a few thousand immigrants to give substantial bottom to her capital cit)% and to develop her great 1002 HISTORY OF ST. CI.AIR COUNTY. agricultural and mineral resources. Of the latter, strictly speaking, she has none, but of coal she has an abundance; and those resources would have been spoken of more extensively had our request for information been granted. "Self" is being guarded with scrupulous care, while " public spirit" goes a begging. This is not productive of general pros- perity, whatever it may do to advance an individual one. There is no question but what a public spirit is the foundation stone of general pros- perity, while a selfish spirit, born of personal interest alone, is the curse of every enterprise of a public nature, and finally reacts upon those who practice it, — if not always financially, it never fails socially. Their standing is only sustained by money, and generallyonly tolerated then ; by the public. j THE PIONEERS. I The township of Appleton, as now known, was a part of Monegaw, j and Monegaw Township was organized by the Rives County Court, , November, 1835. When St. Clair itself took on the robe of independ- ence, the name Monegaw was not changed, but its dimensions were i curtailed. Appleton Township was not settled as early as many others, because of its vast prairies. The pioneer preferred to be near water and wood- j land, and as this was found in the southeast corner of the township, there was its first settlement. On the Big Monegaw, or near it, James ! Carroll settled in 1839, and his wife is still living. . John and Franklin Dittee came and settled within about two miles j of the Yonces, neighbors, in Monegaw. Mrs. Carroll's settlement was j known as the " English Settlement." All these came in 1838. A. C. ! Dittee at this time lives on the old homestead on section 26, and they all j came from Tennessee. i Phillip Ruby settled near where Appleton City now stands or south | of it, on section 8. A. Buskirk owns the place, and this was the most | northerly settlement in the township. Ruby came in 1840 and was also i from Tennessee. Then Henry Ruby, John Norton and Aaron Davis j came the same summer or early in the fall of 1840, and settled on section 21, some two miles east of south from Phillip. The settlers all followed \ up the bank of the big Monegaw from the starting point, which was the j " English Settlement." There were no roads, no mills, and, as Mrs. Car- • roll expressed it, " no nothing," when they came except the land, tim- \ ber and water and the wild animals of the forests. j Jesse Ridgway, who settled on section 34, may be called the oldest 'i settler of the township. He is still living and is a man of good mem- • ory and enjoys the growth and prosperity of the country and looks back i with a vivid interest on the times and trials of his early daj's. He set- i tied on his present homestead in 1837. James Carroll, above spoken of, ■ HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IOO3 may have come first and Ridgway followed, but there was but a few weeks apart in their arrival. James Dittee came in 1839 ^'id settled on section 35. The Rev. William Browning, of the M. E. Church, was among the early arrivals, as early as 1838, and was the first preacher in that part of the country. He settled on section 23. Rev. L. R. Ash- worth, mentioned in Roscoe and other townships, a Baptist, preached occasionally in that section. Of course the services were held at the cabins of the farmers, for unless a neighborhood was sufficiently large to make a log school house a necessity, none were put up, and so the settlers had services at their own houses when the circuit rider came, or a local preacher settled in their neighborhood. The regular church of those days was the log school house. Even at this day, in many districts, the school and church are the public school buildings of the neighborhood. THE TRADING POINT. Clinton and Osceola were the trading points for this whole section of country. Crow & Crutchfield, at Osceola, and the Wallace Brothers at Clinton, were the leading merchants. John F. Weidemyer at Osceola a few years later done a large business with the people in this township. The roads were through the open woods and prairies, and pretty gen- erally in a straight line, but the new farms fenced in makes the distance at this day some five to six miles greater. The hog known as the rail, or hazel splitter, was the breed brought to this country, and while being a hog, was a self-sustaining one if there was a good crop of mast. He had little of the nature of the Poland China or the Berkshire. He had several other names, but the old settlers know the breed, and some of these yet think that he has not, even at this day, a superior. Although the youngest of the townships, Appleton has eight school districts, has given earnest and unremitting work to advance the cause of education in the township, and to provide for the growing youths and maidens ample facilities for a thorough English education. In this work it has been successful, and there is no township in the county has a more thorough or perfect system, for none but able educators are employed. POLITICALLY. Politically Appleton. Tovvnship, perhaps it would be better to say the city, is strongly Republican. Its township officers, elected in 1875, were as follows: W. D. Clark, trustee; G. W. Clark, assessor; C. E.Smith, collector; E. Mason, clerk; H. M. Colton, constable; M. S. Davis and L. D. Fay, justices of the peace. The township is not certain to remain politically in its present course, and may follow the other townships in the county, and vote the 1004 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Democratic ticket. The county may be considered Democratic by a fair majority at this time. The township, as a whole, is a good one in every- thing that goes to enrich an energetic and thriving population, and so far Appleton leads in the energy and progressive spirit of her people. For awhile an aggressive spirit was evinced by her people, born of rapid growth, but it is now conservative, and her prospects are more bright than at any time before in her history. APPLETON CITY dates its birth but a short time in advance of the arrival of the iron horse, or what was known as the Tebo & Neosho Railroad, now the Mis- souri, Kansas & Texas Division of the Missouri Pacific Railroad. It is situated in the northwest corner of 'St. Clair County, within one mile of the Bates County line and one and a half from the southern border of Henry. It is about midway between Butler, the county seat of Bates, and Osceola, the county seat of St. Clair County, and is the commercial metropolis of a wide extent of country, and is destined to grow and prosper as time passes on, for it has been fortunate in its location and in the progressive spirit of its people. The town was not so first named. In 1868 William M. Prier pur- chased the ground that is now embraced within the ciiy limits of Apple- ton and platted a portion of it for a town. He failed to realize on it at that time. Then came a local paper with this description of the town of Arling- ton: Many will ask where and how large the town of Arlington is. It is the first station in St. Clair County on the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad, and although laid out but a couple of weeks since, is a town of considerable size. From a gentleman who visited the town one day this week we learn that there are some thirty good buildings completed and under construction, and double or treble that number under con- tract. So we are to have a live railroad town in the northwest corner. Good! We feel proud of the addition of this young giant of our county, and hope at no distant day to view the young city where but a few days ago was waving corn. The town of Arlington above described was platted, or rather laid out, September 22, 1870, and the above article was published October 6, 1870. This is about all that "Arlington" ever amounted to, but it is -a far prettier name than the town now has, and although gratitude is a good thing, it could have been expressed without spoiling a pretty name. But the two attempts to start a town was followed by a third, and this time success crowned their efforts. From the columns of an Apple- ton City paper, then edited by the present assistant postmaster, is taken this: Hi:>TORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IOO5 RETROSPECT. "The country adjacent to Appleton City comprises the finest portions of the three great counties of Bates, Henry and St. Clair, and is unex- ceeded in beauty and fertility. It is but a few years ago, where now stands one of the most flourishing towns of the southwest, the buffalo and deer sported over its undulating prairie, with none to molest save the red men of the forest. After the close of the great civil conflict, the surrounding country became settled, and the places now occupied by residences and business houses, streets and alleys, was then invaded by the ploughshare of the husbandman, and converted into magnificent fields of waving grain, and of nutritious grasses. Then came a change." A COMMANDING VIEW. The town is built on an elevation, which commands a view of the country for miles in every direction. It is principally located on section 5, and extends northward on fractional section 5, and part of fractional section 6 is platted also. The town was platted in October, 1870, or in the first week of November. The town plat was the work of a Mr. Tracy, and was acknowledged before J. Trousdale, notary public, and then placed upon the records. Having effected this the next move was for the citizens who had settled there to get up a petition for the incor- poration of the town, which was accomplished and the petition presented to the county court, and the following action taken at the February term, 1871. INCORPORATION OF APPLETON CITY. A petition to this court having been filed on the 5th day of Decem- ber, 1870, in the office of the clerk of this court, asking for an order by this court for the incorporation of the said town of Appleton City, and the establishment of a police for the local government thereof, the court being satisfied that more than two-thirds of the taxable inhabit- ants of the said town have signed said petition, and also that the prayer of said petitioners is reasonable, the court doth therefore order and declare said town incorporated, and the inhabitants thereof shall be a body politic and corporate by the name and style of the "Inhabitants of Appleton City," and by that name they and their successors shall be known in law; have perpetual succession, unless disincorporated; sue and be sued; plead and implead; defend and be defended in all courts, in all actions, pleas and matters whatsoever; may grant, purchase, hold and receive property, real and personal, withing the limits of said town, and no other, — burial grounds and cemeteries excepted, — and may lease, sell and dispose of the same for the benefit of said town; and may have a common seal, and break and alter the same at pleasure; and said' inhabitants shall henceforth have and enjoy all the rights, powers and privileges that can be granted or conferred to or on them by the order I006 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. of this court; the said town being described and included within the following described metes and bounds, to wit: Commencing at the southeast corner of lot No. i, of the northwest quarter of section 5, in township 39, of range 28, west of the 5th princi- pal meridian; thence north to the northeast corner of lot 4 in said quar- ter section; thence west to the northwest corner of said lot No. 4, of the northwest quarter of section No. 5 1 thence south to the southwest corner of said lot No. 4; thence west to the northwest corner of the east half of lot No. 3 of the northeast quarter of section No. 6, in the said township and range; thence south to the southwest corner of the said east half of lot No. 3; thence west of the northwest corner of lot 2 of the northeast quarter of said section No. 6; thence south to the southwest corner of lot i, in norcheast quarter of section 6, township 39, of range 28; thence east to the place of beginning, being in all 520 acres, more or less, in said town incorporated as here stated. It appearing to the satisfaction of the court that there are less than 2,500 inhabitants within the limits of said town, as the said limits are described, the court doth hereby appoint R. H. Long, R. S. Emmons, A. McGregor, John Nichols and Z. Burgin as trustees of the said town of Appleton City, and it is ordered that said trustees appointed as herein stated, hold their respective of^ces as such trustees until legal termina- tion of said office. This made it a full fledged town, and the citizens were ready to go to work to malce it the leading point for trade in that section of the coun- try, and how well they have worked the past decade, can be seen in the splendid growth of the city and the commercial advantages it possesses. In 1870 the only building on the site where now stands the flourish- ing city of Appleton City was a small frame house belonging to William Prier. A post and slab fence extended along what is now the business street, and north of that was a fine field of corn, while south of it was unfenced prairie, covered with an unbroken sea of waving grass, ready for the mower, but with no one to mow it. In the latter part of Sep- tember Appleton City was founded. The town company organized with a capital of $16,000. The corporate limits embraced lots i, 2, 3 and 4 of the northwest of section 5, and lots i and 2 and east one-half of 3 of the northeast of section 6, in all 520 acres. Lots 2 and 3 in section 5 were plotted and recorded, and for several years constituted Appleton City. The first building placed upon the new town site was brought from near Rockville by Charles Speddin, and placed upon lot 14, block 15, and occupied as a store. It is now a part of the dwelling house in which M. Downey lives. Hodkins, King and R. S. Emmons were pioneers in the dry goods trade; Charley Speddin in groceries. Dr. H. H. Taylor opened the first hotel in a building moved from Hudson. M. S. Davis opened out trade in the hardware line, and in a few weeks was followed by Luchsinger & Streifl". HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 100/ Mrs. Dunbar brought on the first stock of millinery. The railroad was completed to the place October 19, 1870. Coal in abundance is found on the edge of the city, and with the shipping facilities of the M., K. & T. railroad, and the mountains of iron within from fifteen' to twenty miles, Appleton City should be a manufac- turing point of some importance; but St. Clair County, like most of the counties of Missouri, has failed to advertise its resources and advant- ages, and as a natural consequence, less favored points, with more public enterprise, are far in advance of them. The town and surrounding country is filling up gradually, but con- sidering the location, climate, soil and other advantages the thousands of acres of rich prairie lands that are being offered at very low figures, should have been taken up long ago, and Appleton City should now have a population of at least 5,000 psople, considering its location. In 1871, in the early spring, the following were the total business houses in existence: Hodkins & King, Emmons & Co., dry goods; David & Wyatt and G. R. Pickerell, groceries; Parks & Luchsinger and Davis & Bronson, hardware; Levy & Co. and J. Dunbar, clothing; G. W. Chrisman, Mason & Commisky, J. L. Barret and Dr. Shirely, drugs; Prier, Garth & Co. and W. F. Cameron, J. C. Trousdale and R. S. Emmons, lumber; R. S. Emmons and J. F. Atkinson, insurance; A. B. Clifton, watches and jewelry. In a short time another railroad was expected to cross the line of country in which Appleton City was situated, and the citizens expressed a desire to contribute a bonus to get the road. They held an election November 5, 1872, to decide upon a subscription of $20,000, on the con- dition that the Fort Scott, Jefferson City & St. Louis railroad would make Appleton City a point and maintain a depot, and the road to be completed by October i, 1873. The bonds were voted but the road failed to realize on its programme and was never built. So Appleton City is yet a town of one railroad. The first paper started in Appleton City, was the Argus, by Messrs. Stone & Meyers. It was an eight-column folio, and its first issue was September 7, 1871. It started put with a platform, of which a new coun- ty', taken off of Bates, Henry and St. Clair, was to be formed, and Apple- ton City to be the county seat. It was an unfortunate mistake, for not only did St. Clair County oppose the scheme, but Henry and Bates also, and it did more to retard the progress of the city than all other causes combined. It alienated the people of its own county, except those con- tiguous, and also got the opposition of those in adjoining counties. For a few years its newspapers were a detriment to its growth, with a few ambitious spirits, whose judgment was sadly deficient. It has recovered from its craze, and instead of bidding defiance tO' all mankind I008 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. is anxious and willing to work in harmony with people of its own county, and contend for trade and mastery by business energy. This is the right spirit, and Appleton City has grown and prospered since it has taken this course. The county seat craze made, however, sad havoc with its early prosperity. Since 1876, it has made wonderful progress. In 1878, A. D. LaDue and A. F. Wyckoff, each, laid out a part of lot I, of section 5, and in 1880, A. Buskirk plotted a part of lot 2, north- east quarter of section 5, as additions to the city. Up to 1876, the town had no brick buildings within its limits, in fact, its main street was like all railroad towns, nearly all being one story buildings. W. D. Clark, that year, built the first brick, being a two story business house, which he occupied as a grocery store. On January i, 1883, there were seventeen brick and stone buildings in the city. That the business of the city may be known in future years, we give from the Journal of the city, Charles Hilton, editor and publisher, the following brief synopsis of its business interests: It says: When we consider the fact that not half the soil of the coun- try tributary to Appleton City has ever been under cultivation, the result in the building up and advanced progress of Appleton City, has been a wonderful success. With an inexhaustible supply of coal, water plenty, and other favorable conditions, we believe that almost any branch of manufacturing would find this a good point. The first good grain elevator between Sedalia and Fort Scott was built at this place by Luchsinger & StreifT. in 188 1. It is now occupied by G. W. Johns & Co. Wyckoff & McFarlane have just completed an elevator, and these two firms, having each ample warehouse room, are handling an immense amount of grain and seeds. Fourth Street is the principal business street of the city, is macad- amized with the blue limestone that abounds in the vicinity. The pride of our city is Durley Hall, built in 188 1 by our towns- man, H. W. Grantley, containing one of the finest opera halls in South- west Missouri, and is the pride of our city. It is a magnificent two story brick, no feet deep, fifty feet wide and forty-five feet in height, and cost $20,000. It has a front and rear entrance, the former eight feet wide, leading to the hall by an easy stairway. The lower story con. tains two fine stores, and the upper or second story is given, with the exception of two front rooms, entirely to the hall and its dressing rooms, etc. The hall was named after a fi-iend of the proprietor who resides at Bloomington, Illinois, in which city is a another opera house of the same name. The Durley Opera House stands as a monument of business energy and enterprise in which the proprietor, as well as the citizens can feel a just pride. From the first Appleton City commanded the trade of a large extent of country and as the fertile lands were put under the plow and the natural HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IOO9 pastures covered with herds of cattle, the shipping of grain and stock from this point grew to an immense figure. More brick buildings will probably be built in 1883 than any pre- ceding year. Adams & Wescot burned a half million brick a little southeast of town in 1882, and plenty of good building stone is found just outside of the city limits. The following account gives the names of the dealers in the branches named : E. Allen, N. S. Gardner, Klein Bros., J. Schempp, J. D. Hedrick, C. O. Hedrick, House & Son, and Ellis & Wix, are the dry goods firms. Joseph Reid, W. D. Clark, House & Son, S. B. Shaw, J Schempp, Stout, Guerant & Yonce, Gait & Henson, Ellis & Wix, Andy Naylor, and P. S. Cartwright are the grocery dealers. Luchsinger & Streifif, J. L. Rood, R. Sutmiller & Co. and Clark & Burns are the hardware dealers. Palace Drug House, White Bros, and J. R. Baugh, drugs. J. F. Boyd & Co., and J. R. Hurley & Co., are the lumber men. E. O. Dierfield and James Forbes, saddles and harness. James Forbes is the hide and wool merchant. Luchsinger & Streiff, Wyckoff & McFarlane are agricultural imple- ment dealers. Donnohue & Belisle, Stephenson, Griggs & Bailey, French, Payne, and others are the stock shippers. Pickerill, Hosmer, and Payne & Sons, keep livery stables. The Prier House and the Appleton House are the hotels. ^ Latsch is the watchmaker and jeweler. R. Burdge is a photographer. George Moody and T. Rainwater, marble works. Mrs. J. R. Pickerill, Mrs. Spring, Mrs. W. W. Chapel, fancy dress goods and milinery. E. M. King and J. M. Wakeman, keep books, toys, notions, etc. M. H. Wilson deals in musical instruments. D. G. Wells, sewing machines. Koopman & Shrout, and Fehrion & Son, meat market. C. L. Anderson, VanHall & Son, and Anthony & Son, each do their part towards keeping the people well shod. There are four blacksmith shops, at which the muscular sons of Vulcan wield the hammer, while painters, masons and bricklayers, car- penters are too numerous to mention, but the first-class mechanical work of all sorts that our city can exhibit, proves that we are lacking nothing in these classes of artisans. J. D. Ballaugh, Snyder, VanHall, and Weaver & Kain, keep res- taurants. 64 lOIO HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. There are two licensed saloons, kept by B. D. Patrick and James McCartys. j Jacob Schempp was a pioneer in the grocery trade and now owns and occupies a large two-story brick, and does a heavy business in both the dry goods and grocery line. James Hodkins, A. F. Wyckoff, William Prier, E. M. King, M. S. Davis, Z. Burgin, J. R. Pickerill, L. Davis, C. M. Meddaugh, John Thorn, R. Sutmiller, C. Spedden, W. T. B. Wetherby and Eli Wells were among the pioneers and are still there. The legal fraternity is well represented by Judge Shields, H. W. Grantley, Gilbreath & Ross and W. W. Chapel. All of these attorneys are engaged in the land business, which is also carried on by George Markey. The physicians are W. E. Shelton, P. E. Caimes, M. B. Kinchloe, T. Roten and C. E. Wing. A. C. Kincheloe, dentist. James Hodkins, Judge Shields, M. S. Davis, George Markey and S. C. Sturtevant, insurance agents. There are two first-class tonsorial artists in Appleton City — L. A. Williams, who has been in the midst of the people during nearly the whole history of the place, and Mr. Woodley (colored) also has a barber shop on the south side of the street. Mrs. Wilson, music teacher. Journal Office, Charles Hilton, publisher. William Steele, merchant tailor. Frank Barrett, H. C. Farris, house and sign painters. William Lamey, feed stable and yard. Kellogg, Thorne & Vannice, contractors and builders. Johnson & Slaughter, contractors and builders. Prier House, J. A. James, proprietor. Three boarding houses. One Masonic hall. Two public wells, one with a force pump and the other an iron turbine wind mill. BANKS. The first bank in Appleton City was established in November, 1873, by F. Egger & Sons, and on March 20, 1882, was organized as the First National Bank, with an authorized capital of $200,000, and a paid up capital of $55,000. The present officers are John C. Bram, president; F. Egger, vice-president; John B. Egger, cashier. The directors are John C. Bram, F. Egger, John Baldwin, A. Buskirk, and R. F. Guer- rant. The Merchants' Bank was organized in 1881, with a paid up capital of $30,000. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. lOII CHURCHES. The first religious meetings and Sunday Schools in the place were held in the upper room of Hodkins & King's dry goods store, the build- ing now occupied by Andy Naylor as a grocery. The Presbyterians had a church at Hudson, and undertook to move it to^Appleton City. It was cut down through the middle, one half .conveyed to its destination with oxen and trucks, but while the other half was on the way, being left for the night, was set on fire by some unknown person and burned. The half remaining was used in the construction of the present Pres- byterian Church, being the first in the place. Rev. Jackson having recently resigned his place as pastor of that church, they are just now without a regular pulpit supply. The Methodists have a building, with Rev. Hamel pastor in charge. The Baptists have a new building, with Rev. Thompson as their stated preacher. The Christians have a good house, also with Rev. Claypool in charge. The German Lutheran Church also have a building and regular ser- vices. Pastor, Rev. U. Sopher. The colored people have a church building, in which their school is kept, but no regular preaching at this time. The different churches each have flourishing Sunday Schools. APPLETON CITY MILLS, C. Shoe & Son, proprietors, is situated near the business portion of the town, west of the depot. The building is a two and a half story frame, with a basement, and is forty feet front by fifty feet deep, with a two story addition, twenty by fifty. There are four run of French burrs, with a grinding capacity of seventy-five barrels per day. The engine is thirty horse power and of good workmanship, and the quality of flour unex- celled. Messrs. Shoe & Son bought this mill at Taberville and moved it here four years ago. They have the latest improved machinery, and have added the new patent process flour to their manufactures, — a very important addition. They have two burrs on wheat, one on middlings and one on corn. They purchased and used in their mill in 1882, 35,000 bushels of wheat and 20,000 of corn, making 1,400,000 pounds of flour, 350,000 pounds bran and 70,00 pounds shipstuff CHEESE FACTORY. In April, 188 1, Mr. O. C. Beach, from Illinois, commenced the man- ufacture of cheese at Appleton City, having erected a building for that purpose. His first year's business proving highly satisfactory, he again started his works for 1882. The season commences in April and ends- I0I2 HISTORY OI' ST. CLAIR COUNTY in November. Mr. Beach has two vats of 600 gallons capacity, and his milk receipts are 1,600 pounds per day, with a full capacity of 6,000 pounds. He has also a revolving- churn of 200 gallons capacity. The building is three stories high, and arranged most perfectly for the busi- ness. It is a fact easily proven that the farmers within a radius of five miles of his factory can make more money by keeping cows and pat- ronizing this institution than in any other branch of farming. Business for 1882: Milk received, 201,511 pounds; cheese made, 18,210 pounds; net proceeds, $2,183.20. The Appleton City planing mill, owned by Moore Brothers, turns out sash, doors, blinds, moldings, brackets, and all kinds of work usually done at a first class planing mill. R. M. Raymond carries on the manufacture of carriages, and sells about $3,500 worth of his own work annually. Raymond & Moore have a stock of factory made carriages. In the fall of 1882, Taylor and French built a fruit evaporator that used several thousand bushels of apples, and thus made a market for the surplus apples that were not suitable for shipping. SHIPMENTS BY RAILROAD. The following are the shipments for six months, ending on the lOth of April, 1880: Car loads. Hogs 192 Cattle 125 Mules and horses 35 Sheep 14 Wheat 96 Corn 162 Oats 21 Flax seed 37 Castor beans 5 Potatoes 2 Flour 9 Corn meal 7 Total 705 There was in 1881 and 1882, a fair advance. Especially will this showing be largely increased the present year, on account of the good crops of 1882. The month of January, a dull month, showed the follow- ing heavy shipments: Cars. Cattle 65 Hogs 18 Green apples 2 Corn 77 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IOI3 Flax seed 2 Sheep 2 Total 166 It is expected that over 2,500 full cars will be shipped the present year. A FEW FACTS. The Appleton City News, published by Bancroft & Castor, March, 1 87 1, was the first published in Appleton City, and not the Argus, by Meyers & Stone, which did not start until sometime after. It was short lived. The first child born in the city was James Clifton, son of A. B. Clif- ton, in 1871. In 1882, J. E. Gladden laid out another addition on lot 3, northeast of section 5. The population of Appleton City in 1880 was 1.034. It is probably now about 1,300, and expects to double itself by 1890. In 1880 Appleton City boasted of a brass band. The largest fire Appleton City experienced was in 1872, which destroyed the office of the Appleton City Argus, three or four buildings,, a considerable amount of lumber and a large lot of corn. Appleton City is sixty miles from Sedalia and fifty-two from Fort Scott. By the completion of the Clinton & Kansas City Road it will be about TOO miles from the latter city. The Appleton City Savings Bank closed its doors November 15, 1877. The cashier had disappeared, but the cash was in the safe. The business had been loosely managed and had by bad debts absorbed the capital. DISTRICT FAIR. The people of Appleton have secured one prize, the district fair. With such a country around these fairs should be made the all-important event of the year, and strenuous efforts kept up to increase the attrac- tions from year to year. In this the business men of Appleton City should be open-handed and generous, for they do not have to wait " after many days " for their return of outlay. But the population of the surrounding counties is increasing, and unless that fair improves and grows county fairs will be started that will militate against its growth and success. So far it has been well managed, but it has lacked pro- gressiveness. It must not be a district fair only in name, but in fact. It must be more than a county fair; if not, county fairs will encroach upon its territory. Men only of enlarged views and business capacity should be given in charge. A mind dwarfed by self-interest is not the one to take charge of a public enterprise. I0I4 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. The receipts and expenditures of 1880 are here given, and when those of 1885 shall have been published, let a comparison be made, and may that comparison show an increased progress in every department that will excite the admiration of the people. The receipts and expenditures of St. Clair, Bates and Henry Dis- trict Fair Association during fair week, September 29, 30 and October i and 2, 1880, were: RECEIPTS. Total amount received at gate $1 ,672 1 5 Entrance fee on stock 428 35 On stand privileges 185 00 Stall rent and citizens' purse 184 25 $2,469 75 EXPENDITURES. Total amount paid on premiums $1,723 90 For printing 46 25 Police and work on grounds ■ 143 10 On indebtedness of association 351 80 Freight 4 50 Postage and stationery 12 50 Material and repair on grounds 107 45 $2,389 45 Cash in treasury 80 30 Attest: Ave E. Page, Secretary. $2,469 75 J. B. EGGER, Treasurer. The officers January i, 1883, were H. W. Grantley, president; Rob- ert Stubblefield, vice president; A. E. Page secretary; J. B. Egger, treasurer. Directors— George Clark, Robert Stubblefield, J. N. Cham- bers, Charles Nesbit, Frank Gilbreath, H. Livingstone, E. K. Clark, Thomas Payne, Clark Wix and H. W. Grantley. The first organization of this fair with the names of its stockholders .and first officers will be found in the general history. CITY OFFICERS AND POST OFFICE — 1882. Mayor — E. Mason. Marshal— I. H. Nichols. Councilmen — First Ward, J. R. Baugh; Second Ward, Thomas Strieff; Third Ward, James Messick. The school board consists of H. W. Grantley, W. F. McColley, A. Luchsinger, F. H. Miller. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IOI5 H. W. Grantley, postmaster, was appointed and took possession of the office February 20, 1880, having succeeded C. F. Meyers. The offi- cial statement and receipts of the office for 1881,. reported January i, 1882, is given below: Total receipts for 188 r $3,430 12 Total expended for 1881 1,300 00 Net proceeds $2,130 12 Money orders issued 2,184 amounting to $23,425 80 Money orders paid 592 " 8,556 1/ Fees of money order office 242 10 The returns for 1882 were not reported in time for this work. The first postmaster of Appleton City was J. R. Pickerill, in 1871. CHURCHES AND LODGES — LUTHERAN CHURCH. The Lutheran Church of Appleton City was organized May 22, 1873, with the following original members: Jacob Schempp, James Galles, J. Sholts, P. Herman, D. Steltes, W. Aarimg, John Niltry and J. A. Schell- man. The church was erected in 1873, at a cost of $400. and $150 was paid for the lot. It has a membership of twenty-one, the Rev. O. Spier pastor. The pastor is also superintendent of the Sunday School, which is in a flourishing condition, with twenty-five pupils. FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. This church was organized in 1874, and its first list of members contains the following names: L. Talbot, F. Browning, C. Howell, W. D. Walbridge, Sidney Talbot, George W. Troup, W. Stout, C. Scott, Charles Burge, Dr. E. C. Kinchelo, Mrs. G. Burge, S. Talbot, H. Weth- erby, S. Rood, E. French, S. Harding, A. Walbridge, J. B. Milburn and Mrs. H. Harvey. This was a good beginning, and since then the church has grown until it now numbers sixty-three members. Brother Samuel Victor served as pastor three years, and Brother Israel Tompkins one year, 1882. The church is a handsome frame building, put up in 1880 at a cost of $1,500. The Sunday School connected with this church is pro- gressing finely, with an attendance of fifty-five scholars, William B. Stout being its loving and able superintendent. FIRSl PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, of Appleton City, was organized December 28, 1867, and was located on the northeast corner of block 8, in said city, in 1871. Its original mem- I0l6 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. bers were: E. S. Chapin, Sarah Chapin, Julia Fields, H. H. Peipmen and A. E. Peipmen, his wife, Mrs. Sarah A. Taylor and Mrs. Esther Long. It has a present membership of sixty, and the following named pastors have officiated as such, in the order named: Rev. Seth G. Clarke, Rev. William M. Newton, Rev. R. H. Jackson and Rev. A. B. Martin. The church, a frame one, was erected in iSyir at a cost of $3,000. The Sabbath school, which is under the charge B. P. Dugan, has an average attendance of some sixty pupils, and is a strong auxiliary to the church. The church organized as above, was in Hudson, Bates County, Mis- souri, but on the laying out of Appleton City, most of its members removed to the new city and decided to move the church building also, which was done. APPLETON CITY LODGE, NO. 412, A. F. AND A. M. was organized May 26, 1876, and elected the following as its first officers: J. C. McFarland, W. M.; James Hodkins, S. W.; R. H. Long, J. W.; C. D. Clark, Secretary. Its present officers are: C. O. Hedrick, W. M.; H. W. Grantley, S. W.; A* H. Butler, J. W.; Joseph Klein, Secretary. The lodge is in good condition, financially and otherwise, and num- bers at this time 59 members. GEORGE FRANK GOULEY CHAPTER, R. A. M., was organized January 14, 1876. The first officers were: W. H. Stone, H. P.; S. S. Burdett, K.; A. F. Wyckoff, S.; T. B. Sutherland, Treasurer; Edwin Mason, Secretary; J. C. McFarlane, C. H.; A. M. Ferguson, P. S.; R. C. Neeley, R. A. C; W. F. McCalley, G. M. 3d Vail; Christopher Shoe, G. M. 2d Vail; W. E. Shelton, G. M. ist Vail; William M. Prier, Guard. The present officers are: W. H. Stone, H. P.; H. W. Grantley, K.; N. S. Gardner, S.; C. Shoe, Treasurer; Joseph Klein, Secretary; A. Naylor, C. H.; William F. McCalley, P. S.; Ezra Clark, R. A. C; A. H. Butler, G. M. 3d Vail; F. Hoffstrom, G. M. 2d Vail; J. C. McFarlane, G. M. 1st Vail; William M. Prier, Guard. Number of members, 35. ST. CLAIR LODGE, NO. IO4, A. O. U. W., was organized February 6, 1879, with the following as charter members and first officers: Joseph Reid, P. M. W.; N. S. Gardner, M. W.; L. A. Williams, O.; C. F. Myers, Recorder; W. E. Shelton, F.; John F. Boyd, R.; D. E. Wyckoff, G.; M. E. Witter, G. F.; William Vannice, I. W.; Geo. Markey, O. W.; Dr. W. E. Shelton, M. E. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 101/ It numbers at present over fifty members, has had but two deaths since its organization and is in fine financial condition. The present officers are: E. Krom, M. W.; A. E. Page, P. M. W.; E. M. Pyle. Recorder; VV. D. Clark, R. ; E. M. Pyle, F. ; L. A. Williams, O. ; R. L. Booth, G. F.; James Wyckoff. G.; A. Black, O. W.; Joseph Reid, I. W.; Dr. W. E. Shelton, M. E. MINNEHAHA LODGE, NO. 41I, I. O. G. T., was organized April 26, 1880, by Elder Daniel K. Shields, with sixty^ charter members. Its first officers were: N. B. McNemer, L. D.; Dr. W. E. Shelton. W. C. T.; Nettie Tuttle, W. V. T.; C. O. Hedrick, C; F. H. Miller, R.S.; Anna Donohue, A. S.; Sarah Adams, F. S.; A. D. Foreman, Treasurer; James Wakeman, M.; I. L. King, D. M.; W. B. Teller, I. S. G.; Anna Vannice, O. S. G.; Mrs. H. C. Sloss, R. H. S.; Mrs. Fannie Neeley, L. H. S. Its present officers, February i, 1883, are: Dr. M. B. Kinchloe, L. D.; J. A. Moor, W. C. T.; Retta Adams, W. V. T.; Rev. T. G. Wood, C; O. C. Beach, R. S.; Mollie Wolverton, A. S.; Angie Garner, F. S.; E. H. Adams, Treasurer; Theodore Morgan, M.; Lillie Wood, D. M.; Etta Ingalls, I. S G.; H. B. Johns, O. S. G.; Eddie Allen, R. H. S.; C. Clark, L. H. S. The present membership is seventy and their meetings are held weekly. ENCAMPMENT NO. 86, I. O. O. F. Charter was granted May 23, 1879. The following are its present officers: John F. Rooll, C. P.; George Markey, H. P.; Samuel Drake, S. W. ; Thomas Streiff, Treasurer; J. W. Wakeman, S. LODGE NO. 366, I. O. O. F. Charter was granted May 19, 1877, and was instituted by George McKeen, of St. Louis, Missouri, with the following charter members: G. H. Whitaker, N. G.; Thomas Streiff, Secretary, W. O. Mead, T. The present officers are: G. W. John, N. G.; V. W. Pyatt, V. G.; J. W. Wakeman, Secretary; Jasper Talbot, P. S.; J. W. Wakeman, Treas- urer; Thomas Streiff, R. S.; W. R. Vannice, L. S.; J. B. Nuckles, W.; E. M. Pyle, C; George Markey, R. S. S.; J. B. Egger, L. S. S. Amount paid for charitable purposes, $1,000; cash on hand, in bonds- and securities and paraphernalia, $i,ioo. Present membership, fifty-six. PUBLIC SCHOOL. In 1871, a substantial and commodious brick school house was- erected upon a rise of ground west of the railroad at a cost of over $16,000, and was for years the most conspicuous building in the place.. 10 1 8 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. The growth of the city has been such that the school for the year 1882 became so crowded that in the fall of that year an additional room room was provided and five teachers are employed. Prof A. E iHart, of Indiana, is principal and is seconded by S. C. Sturtevant and Misses Sarah Gault, Mollie Wolverton and Angle Garnar. These educational facilities are supplemented by the Star Academy, with Professor J. R. McFarren, as principal, and Mrs. R. M. Sharp, assist- ant. Pupils are prepared for college; penmanship, bookkeeping, and drawing are specialties, and a more skillful penman than the professor is not to be found. The Germans have been having an excellent private school carried on in their church by a Mr. Herter, and will be continued by Rev. O. Spher, the pastor of the German Lutheran Church. The interests of the colored children are also looked after by the school -board. School is in operation in their church building, where the dusky •sons and daughters of Africa have the opportunity of qualifying them- selves for future usefulness. The number of pupils in 1877, was 173; number enrolled, 144; num- iber of pupils in 1878, 198; number enrolled, 162; number of pupils in .1879, 232; number enrolled, 205; number enrolled in 1882, 318. CHAPTER XVII. MONEGAW AND CHALK LEVEL TOWNSHIPS. MON EG AW— METES AND BOUND:;— TOPOGRAPHICAL— PIONEER DAYS— SETTLED AND BY WHOM— JOHNSON CI lY -CHURCHES-OHIO POST OFFICE-SCHOOLS AND POPULA- TION—CHALK LEVEL-BOUNDARY - POPULATION AND PRODUCTION— CHURCk- CHALK LEVEL VILLAGE- MONEGAW SPRINGS-OSAGE BLUFF AND CAVES. AN ORIGINAL TOWNSHIP. This was one of the original townships, and was first organized in 1841. Its boundaries were then defined by the county court at the May term, and included within its limits the present townships of Appleton, Taber and Chalk Level, as well as its own territory as now defined. As the population of the county increased, it was from time to time shorn of its fair domain, giving life and independence to other municipalities. It is in size a pretty fair township yet, and is second in size in the county, only being excelled by Speedwell, whose children become famous hunt- ers as soon as they are able to carry a rifle. But while this last sentence is a fact, it is a digression, and therefore return to our subject. Monegaw has an acreage in round numbers of 41,280 acres. The map shows that it is bounded* on the north by Henry County, east by Chalk Level Township, south by Taber and west by Taber and Apple- ton Townships. In the last reorganization of townships its metes and bounds were thus described : MONEGAW TOWNSHIP. " Established and bounded as follows : Commencing at the south- east corner of section 13, of township 38, of range 27; thence running north along the township line to the northern boundary line of the county; thence west along said boundary line to the northwest corner of township 39, of range 27; thence south along the township line to the southwest corner of section 18, in township 38, of range 27; thence run- ning east along the section line to the place of beginning." ITS PHYSICAL FEATURES. Monegaw possesses in beauty of landscape, in the depth and rich- ness of its soil, as fine a body of prairie land as can be found in either 1020 HISTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. this or any other county sufficiently undulating for thorough drainage. It is in all respects a perfect agricultural township, and when these vast and fertile lands shall be put under cultivation her productive resources will astonish those who are unacquainted with the extraordinary pro- ductiveness of these lands. It is extremely doubtful if more corn was raised in any township in the state of Missouri, in the proportion to population than Monegaw raised in 1876. With a total population of 1,055 men, women and children she raised 256,600 bushels of corn. In the county that year Monegaw was first in corn, as above; first in cattle, 2,333 head; first in hay, 5,130 tons; second in mules; third in horses, 493; sheep, 1,049; hogs, 1,835, and in the value of her real estate; fourth in population, 1,025; and fifth in oats, 6,995. What she turned out in the great yield of the year 1879 is not of record. The one-third of the township lying in the southern part contains immense coal fields, probably far in excess in quantity, as it is superior in quality, of the cel- ebrated coal beds of Bates County. Southern Monegaw is one vast coal field. Other minerals are also found, but coal is everywhere from two feet to twelve feet in thickness. It will not be long ere this wealth, almost limitless, will be brought to the surface, and the coal fields of Monegaw noted the country over. It will turn out a wonderful amount of productive mineral wealth some day. Springs and water, found in wells from fifteen to fifty feet in depth, furnishes water for the northern and central portion, and the Little Monegaw waters the southeastern section of the township. The Big Monegaw invades about three miles of its territory in the southwest, and a branch leads out, bearing north, but is only sufficient for stock purposes. When its resources are fully developed, in coal, minerals, cereals and stock, Monegaw Township will unfold such enormous wealth as to cause intense astonishment to the people of the county and state. The pioneers of Monegaw settled mostly in the southern part along the Little and Big Monegaw and their branches. The wide, open expanse of prairie lying to the north, so beautiful to the eye, found no reponse from the pioneer, and he placed his affections upon the forests and timber, upon the crystal streams whose rippling water slaked their thirst and made the irrigation of their fields unnecessary. Here in the south, less than a mile from where Johnson City now stands, the English settlement, so-called, made a start and four families a home. Joseph Car- roll came in 1837 and put up the first cabin, and James Rickey, Bunkem Anderson, John Hodgson and Joseph Herndon all settled in the south- west corner of Monegaw Township. The former came in 1838, but Mr. Herndon not until 1843. The Widow Colthaid, with her sons, John Thomas, Jacob, Joseph and Adam, made the wood ring with the sound of their axes, south of Johnson City, settling on sections 32 and 35. Andrew Younce settled on the north one-half of the southeast one- HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. I02I quarter of section 30, and Robert Allison on section 32. Adam Boots settled on section 30, all in 1839-40. On the east side were James Terry and Peter Terry, the son of James. They settled on section 25, 39, 27. So did Irason Taylor, John R. Llewellen on section 26, Henry Ledbetter on section 24, Ira Ledbetter and Harrison Underwood on section 13, and a Mr. Zuck on section 23. These were the settlers who came previous to 1845. There are a few of those old pioneers still liv- ing, and the descendants of others now occupy the fair fields and homes, and Monegaw can boast of some enterprising people. " Bunkem " Anderson, so-called, started the first horse mill, down on or near the creek, in 1839, southwest of Johnson City. The first school was taught in an old log cabin, put up for school purpose, at Coperas Springs, in 1846. That was the first school house erected, but several years before that a Dr. Trotter taught a school, about 1843, and the cabin he taught in was burned down by the boys. They got tired of their teacher, and brought the winter term to a sud- den end. At the August term of the county court of St. Clair County, John Hodgson and Ernest Laney, at the November term ot the same year, petitioned to be admitted to citizens and received certificates of appli- cation. Their five years' term of probation ended in 1846, and at the April term of the circuit court, John Hodgson was admitted to full citi- zenship. Laney was probably admitted also, if alive, but the records fail to state it. On Reid's Creek, in 1857, there was a grist mill and a saw mill put up. It had two runs of stone and called the Monegaw Mills. It disap- peared during the troubles. JOHNSON CITY. This village came into being at the close of the war, A. J. Crigler building and opening the first store, soon followed by William Hodg- son. Then Joseph Herndon built the first blacksmith shop and rented it to G. W. Stephens for three years. This gave the town a local habi- tation, and the name given it was in honor of Andrew Johnson, then president of the United States. The land was owned by James E. Patterson and William Hodg- son, and lies on sections 29 and 30, in the southeast corner ot 30, and the southwest of 29. Away back in 1844 or '45, Joseph Herndon became the postmaster of Monegaw Post Office, and held the same for nine years. His house and his hat generally constituted the post office, being about equally divided according to circumstances. If there was a logging bee or a " raisin'," and he attended, the post office would be found in his hat. After him came John Reid, and he held on until the office was abolished. I022 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. and Johnson City, the capital of Monegaw Township, started intO' being. From 1865 to 1873 the postmasters of Johnson City were in the order named, the first being J. L. Ross, then W. W. Rider, J. W. Peck. J. \V. Wheeler, Hiram Wells and the present one, P. Wheeler. The merchants of the city were, first, A. J. Crigler, then Hodgson & Crigler, Blakely & Ross, W. W. Rider, A. J. Cobb, John Hodgson, William Hodgson, J. W. Wheeler and P. Wheeler. The three last are doing business in 1883. John B. Englert has an extensive wagon, and blacksmithing estab- lishment, turning out a good wagon complete. Freeman Flat has a blacksmith and wagon repair shop. Elias Disney, ex-sheriff, carpenter. There is a good, substantial frame school house, which is also used" as a union church, erected in 1879. The denominations using this building are Cumberland Presbyterian, Christian, M. E. Church and Baptist. Orion Post Office was started in May, 1871, and C. J. Baldwin was postmaster. There is no such office now, and probably Ohio Post Office has taken its place. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. The Westfield Presbyterian Church was organized in 1873, with eleven members, including the minister The names of the members were George Burk and wife, J. T. Nesbit and wife, James Parsley and wife, C. W. Nesbit and wife, Mrs. Barbara Warner, and Mrs. Gardner. From this small beginning this church has grown and spread until it now numbers something upwards of eighty members, is in a flourishing con- dition, and disseminate a wide spread influence for good. In the year 1881. a new church edifice was erected at a cost of $1,350, substantial in its building, and neatly though plainly furnished, and capable of seating a large congregation in a comfortable manner, being in size 46x32 feet. The first preacher after the organization was the Rev. W. M. Newton. The church, costing some $1,500, was completed in June of 1881, and dedicated the same month, the Rev. William M. Newton officiating. The first preacher in the new church was the Rev. R. H. Jackson, and he still retains his pastorship, and is doing loving work in his Master's cause. In connection with the church is a hve acre lot to be used as a cemetery, and no pains or expense will be spared to make this sacred spot a beautiful "city of the dead." OHIO rOSTOFFICE was established in 1878, v/ith Robert McGauthey as postmaster. It was located about one and a half miles west of its present location. It is HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO23; now on the northwest corner of section 13, township 39, range 27. The office was first offered to John G. Warner, who declined it in January,. 1878, and it therefore did not open until March, and a new postmaster found. It was moved to its present site November 15, 1882, and S. G. Craig appointed postmaster. The latter gentleman opened a store, now Ohio, in July, 1882, and the office was turned over to him at the above date, his appointment dating from October, a month previous. SCHOOLS. In the number of her school districts, Monegaw Township exceeds- all others in the county, having eleven, all with good substantial school buildings, and the people of the township are priding themselves with the belief, that in school facilities, and in the educational advancement of the children of school age in the township, they are in the lead. This is something they may well take pride in, for culture and refinement and material progress go hand in hand. If the past and present is only ant incentive to the future, all will be well. The local officers in this township; selected in 1875, were for Trustee — William Llewellen. Clerk — M. Yeoman. Collector— W. H. Wheeler. Assessor — C. Thornbury. Constable — C. F. Younger. Justices of the Peace — E. C. Berry, C. J. Baldwin. September 6, 1882, Monegaw Township was divided into two voting precincts, one to be at John.son City, the other at the Ohio Schoolhouse. Population, 1870 i,434^ 1876 — two townships taken off 1,02c. 1880 1,321 CHALK LEVEL TOWNSHIP, was originally a part of Monegaw Township, when that township and Weaubleau composed the municipal divisions of St. Clair, while under the civil jurisdiction of Rives County. When it became St. Clair, in fact, it was still Monegaw, and remained so until November 4, 1869, when Chalk Level became one of the municipal divisions of the county. Just why such a name was given is hard to say. It is level enough in its northern part, but there is precious little level ground in the southern portion of the township. The people, however, are "pretty level headed," which will be a solution of the question, satisfactory to the general reader, and they "can. chalk "^ it down. It is- the "beanpole" township of the county 1024 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. being a trifle over thirteen and a half miles north and south by a width of just four miles. It is bounded on the north by Henry County, east by Butler, Osceola and a portion of Roscoe, south by the latter town- ship and the Osage River, and west by Taber and Monegaw, and has an area in acres of about 34,000, the north two thirds being splendid prairie land, gently undulating and rich in every productive quality. The south third is broken, rough, stony and hilly, with bold bluffs jutting out from the banks of the Osage, with only about one fourth fit for cultiva- tion and the rest excellent grass and grazing lands. This land could be purchased cheap and it is the home of the sheep. But what this portion of the township lacks in agricultural wealth and resources is more than made up by coal and lead. The former is found nearly in every part of it, and lead indications are more numerous than in any ■other section of the county, although both Collins and Doyal claim to possess this metal in large quantities. In this portion of the township are the famous Monegaw Springs, whose wealth of mineral and healing waters will yet make it a Mecca for the invalids of the states. These springs will be more particularly described a few pages ahead. Some three miles east of these springs is a white sulphur spring of great med- ical quality, and one of the most pleasant to the taste of any of the medical waters in the county. This spring is found on the northwest quarter of the northwest quarter of section 27, township 38, range 26, and is called the Salt Creek Springs. John C. Looney was the first owner of these springs. Dr. John Elliott settled near these springs in 1850, opened a general store near them and tried to get up a summer resort, but failed simply because transportation was not to be found .except on horseback and in wagons for twenty-five or thirty miles. THE OLD SETTLERS. The early settlers of the county much preferred the broken in the southern than the rolling prairies of the north, and the first settlers of what is now Chalk Level Township settled mostly in the southern por- tion of it. Those who settled previous to and during the 3'ear 1838 were John I. Wood, from Virginia, who settled on fractional section 3 1 in the south- west corner of the township, on the Osage River, in 1837; Robert Ander- son lived north him, the same year, at Monegaw Springs; Simeon C. Bruce settled on section 4, township 38, range 26; John C. Looney, sec- tion 27, same township and range; Paris Sims on section 21, same town- t ship and range; Alexander Hoover on section 7, same township and range; M. C. David on section 5, township 39, range 26, and Noah Win- ston on section 32, township 39, range 26. These were all early settlers. The Alexander Hoover above mentioned was the son of Alexander HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO25 Hoover, of Taber Township. Theoderic Snuffer, from Montgomery- County, Virginia, settled on the south half of southeast quarter of sec- tion 32 and south half of southwest quarter of section 33 in 1838, and Owen Snuffer, his son, came with him, then some twelve years of age, and now a prominent citizen of the county. Elisha Thomas, another son of the "Old Dominion," came in 1840 and located on the west half of southeast quarter of section 33. Then Martin McFerran, a brave and gallant soldier of the war of 1812, also from Virginia, found a home on the southwest quarter of southwest quarter and northwest quarter of northwest quarter of sections 28 and 33. He came in 1838. Then John Bedell came the same year, or very early in 1839, and purchased the east half of northeast quarter of section 32 for the erection of a cabin, but in the latter part of that year or in the spring of i§40 John Bedell was awakening the people of Huffman's Ferry with the ring of his anvil. There were a few settlers, well known, that came a few years later. There was Elder John F. Thompson, of Virginia, came in 1843, took the California fever in 1849, 1^^ for the golden land in 1850, having run a tannery some six years, and was known on that account, far and wide. He arrived safely and was successful, for he sent his wife $r,8oo, but that was the last his family or friends have ever heard from him. He prob- ably has passed to the golden shore. Lowry Jones came in 1844, and Finis Anderson in 1848, and the northern portion of the township gathered in its settlers mostly between 1840 and 1850. The township could not be called progressive, and it was that por- tion of Monegaw which seemed to settle slowly. As above referred. Chalk Level was not organized until 1869, and remained as such until 1872, when its described boundaries were placed upon the records with its sister townships. It was as follows: CHALK LEVEL. Established and bounded as follows, to wit: Commencing at the center of the main channel of the Osage River, where the section line be- tween sections twenty-six and twenty-seven, in township thirty-eight, range twenty-six, crosses said river, thence north along said section line to the northern boundary line of the county, thence west along said boundary line to the northwest corner of township thirty-nine, range twenty-six, thence south along the township line to the center of the main channel of the Osage River, thence along said main channel to a point where the township line between township thirty-seven, range twenty-six, and township thirty-eight, range twenty-six, crosses said river, thence east along said township line to 1:he center of the main channel of said river, thence along said main channel to the place of beginning. And the above is its present boundary. 1026 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, On the re-organization of the township, local officers were elected for several j^ears, and in 1875 the following were chosen the township officers: George Lyon, Trustee; L. L. Cherington, Collector; William M. Cox, Assessor; J. M. Rickman, Clerk; T. O. Dark, Constable; George Withrow and E. H. French, Justices of the Peace. SCHOOLS. Probably the first school house in the township was erected in 1845, made of logs, and a subscription school and was taught by Robert Smarr, a son of John Smarr, the first sheriff. The Smarrs came from Virginia. Another school was taught in that, or southern part of the township, a select school, by Henry J. Speed, in 1858. Then Theoderic Snuffer, a few years later, donated an acre of land for a school house, and it was built on the land, being on the northeast quarter of the north- east quarter of section 32, 38, 26. These were all the early schools, but from the foundation of that 'log school house erected in 1845, there have arisen no less than ten full school districts, and one other in connection with a fractional district with Butler Township. The most of those school buildings are frame with all the modern conveniences, and there is no township in the county where better educational advantages can be found. There has not been much progress in the growth of Chalk Level, in population or wealth, but she is in the advance of all others in proportion to population, in the cause of education. To this will soon be added a more energetic work in the cause of material progress, and when that day is reached it will be a happy one for her people. POPULATION AND PRODUCTION. Among the townships. Chalk Level alone has remained at a stand- still during the past decade, and in fact may be said to have retrogaded, for her gain of only ten in ten years falls far short of a natural increase. The population in 1870 was 851 The population in 1880 was 861 This is not a flattering exhibit. The outcome of her cereal and stock production is also below what it should be according to population. In 1876, Chalk Level was seventh in the number of horses and corn yield, sixth in that of cattle and real estate, and fourth in mules, which gave her a few mules ahead, but her people should not feel mulish in reading the paragraph. They should wake up and not allow other townships, no richer in agricultural resources, no greater in the wealth of their min- eral deposits, to exceed her in material progress. There is that within Chalk Level Township that can make her, in spite of all opposition, the equal of any of her sister townships, and her citizens must respond to- the demand of an enlightened and progressive era. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO27 CHURCHES. There is a Cumberland Presbyterian Church on section 32, township 39, range 26. Thfe Baptists have just completed a church edifice on sec- tion 28, to\vnship 3Q, range 26. Methodists have a log church building on section 5, township 38, range 26. The Campbellites and other denom- inations use the school house at Chalk Level Village. The Christian Church, organized last October (1882), use the union church building last mentioned, in section 5, township 38, range 26. The original members were W. T. Robinson and wife, Mary E. and Frances Lewis, M.. B. Hall and wife, J. F. Alexander, wife and daughter, Mary Rickman, N. L. and J. T. Rickman. They have a membership of thirty- five, and the Rev. William Burge is their pastor. The first preachers in the township were the Rev. John Neely, and the Rev. William Browning, both of the M. E. Church. VILLAGE OF CHALK LEVEL. This village was first started in 1866, and Mr. Ab. Simmons, built the first store, and was its first merchant. Hackett & Casey opened the first blacksmith shop; George Lyons, the first carpenter, and Dr. E. H. French, its first physician. The first postmaster was probably Abraham Simmons, as he had the first store. But away back between 1840 and 1850, a post office was kept by William Browning at his residence on his farm. J. Truesdale was the second postmaster, Ab. Simmons, the third, Mac. Wilson, the fourth, in 1874, Gabriel Waldron, in 1875, A. D. John- son, in 1876, G. B. Atkinson, in 1877, A. A. Cleveland, 1878, and the present postmaster is W. T. Robinson. The oldest settler now living in the township is S. C. Bruce, an honored citizen of the county. W. T. Robinson keeps a general store. Dr. John S. Wilson, a drug and grocery store combined. Samuel Brundon has the only blacksmith shop, and Dr. E. H. French still occupies his position in the healing art he has so long and so successfully held. It is not a large town, but for a country village has quite an exten- sive trade. It has beautiful scenery north, east and west of it, with many thriving farmers, and the village has not by any means reached its growth. It will never be very large, but it will be a great convenience to the people around who are likely to sustain it, because it is a neces- sity. MONEGAW SPRINGS. These famous springs take their name from the equally famous Indian chief, " Monegaw," who was for many years the moving spirit of the Osage tribe of Indians, as well as their chief, A nobler Indian, or a 1028 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. better specimen of physical manhood than the celebrated chief, nevei led a band of warriors into mortal combat. Tall, straight as an arrow, and of great strength, he led even where none but the most reckless dare to follow, and combined with this was a native intellect that had few equals outside of those celebrated chiefs, Black Hawk and Tecum- seh. He was in looks and bearing and in ability, a counterpart of the latter chief, a spirit which would not brook restraint, or be subject to control. Such was Monegaw, and when the pale faces became at last as leaves of the forest in number, and when his band of braves had been reduced to but a handful in number, though their proud spirits were yet unbroken, Monegaw saw the hopelessness of the struggle, and calling his few noble braves, told them that the homes and hunting grounds of the fathers were no longer theirs, and that their home was toward the setting sun. " Go," he sadly said, " but Monegaw is your chief no longer. My hunting ground has been taken from me. My home on the Osage and the Sac is now in the hands of the white man, and that which has been my home shall be my burial place, and I will leave here only to go to the happy hunting ground beyond the skies." He ceased speaking, all was silent a few moments, then one by one his few braves silently left him, giving him a sad look of farewell. This party was at the cave near the springs, and in that cave " Mon- egaw," the greatest and bravest of the Osage Indians, starved himself to death. His proud spirit was broken, and this beautiful country with it rugged grandeur, became, as he said, the spot where his spirit should go to the " Great Father " and there find rest. His stronghold was the frowning cliffs of the Osage and those bold and rugged bluffs which extend from the mouth of the Little Monegaw to that of the Big Monegaw, and the beautiful caves there found was his refuge when he returned from the war path or from raids upon the white man. These bluffs are about two miles in length. It is so rough and cragged that a person can only look upon it with a shudder, and in many places the top of the bluff extends or projects over the river many feet. In other places there are to be found rock houses or caves which are very large and roomy. The upper, or west end of this irregular bluff is hemmed in by a heavy forest foliage, which extend their branches close over the rocky walls, and would afford protection or concealment to any band or body of robbers, murderers, or demons, who might infest the country. This high bluff rises in some places a thousand feet above the bed of the river In some of the rock houses are to be seen various inscriptions which will call one's mind back for hundreds of years — when this fair land, now dotted over with magnificent farms, towns, cities and happy homes, was a vast wilderness, inhabited by various bands of sav- ages and every species of beasts of prey. At the mouth of one of the caves lies large sand rocks, which have large and deep furrows or grooves HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, IO29 cut in them. There is no doubt but that the cutting was done by the Indians in whetting or dressing up the points of their spikes, spears and arrows, preparatory to going on a hunt or to take the war trail; near the front or entrance on the side of one of these caves can be seen a cutting representing three warriors, dressed in war paint and feathers, upon the line of march, one following the other. On entering the room and look- ing at the rocky ceiling one will behold many inscriptions of various things. There are turtles swimming in all directions, warriors swim- ming the river, some leading ponies, while others are carrying their spears, bows and arrows, and in the background can be seen what appears to be a living Indian wrapped in a blanket. Let it be said, however, that the palefaces, on finding his remains in the cave, gave them a decent burial, and the trappings found by his side and which proved his identity were placed in his grave that he might find them in the happy hunting ground beyond. Farewell, old Chief " Monegaw," farewell! And from him these springs take their name. Lindsay and Charles Applegate were the first to settle at or by these springs, and they put up a cabin there in 1833 or early in 1834. They had put up also a little water mill, the first in the county, but small. In 1835 James Anderson bought the Applegates' claim and lived there for several years. The Andersons came from Virginia. The forty acres lying directly south of the springs is where Anderson raised his log cabin. The healing qualities of these waters were well known to them, and the place was called by the French trappers who passed through the county " Stinking Waters," and there are evidences that many Indians of other tribes besides the Osages came to these springs to recuperate their health. The old settler had great confidence in ^e healthfulness of the waters of these springs, but it was not until about 1850 that their great medical qualities became known and circulated. It was in 1850 or 1851 that congress sent out a board of medical experts to examine the water of these springs, for there are nearly 100 in all, and other medical waters found, and their report was to the effect that they were the best black sulphur spring water and containing greater medical properties than any other to be found in the United States. Springs are numerous and found in different portions of the county. The salt springs situated about five miles southwest from Osceola before referred to, sulphur springs at Taberville and on Salt Creek, and numer- ous chalybeate springs in other parts of the county have attained more or less fame; but the greatest of those which have excited the most curi- osity as well as containing the greatest medical properties are the famous MONEGAW SPRINGS, situated in Monegaw Township, one mile north of the Osage River, seven miles from the county seat, and sixteen miles from Appleton City. I030 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. These springs are contained within a distance of about 200 feet, and are 102 in number, each spring being different from all the others. Some have different properties; some are more strongly impregnated with sulphur than others; some of the springs are more or less salt, and one at least is the purest, clear fresh water to be found in the county. The springs are black, white and yellow sulphur, chalybeate and pure water. Many chronic cases of long standing, which had been pronounced incurable by leading physicians, have been cured by the use of these springs. The neighbors tell of several cases of rheumatism and dys- pepsia of years' standing that were cured in a short time. Monegaw Cave, situated about a half mile from the springs, has been explored nearly a mile. In some places the roof is forty feet high, and adorned by nature in a wonderful manner. One could well imagine themselves in " Alladin's cave," while gazing on the quartz crystal and other curiosities with which this wonderful cave is adorned. Specimens of silver ore have been discovered here, apparently rich; but as no assay has been had, their value is unknown. In sight of this cave, and cover- ing a surface of at least forty acres, we traveled over thousands of " red hematite," the richest iron ore known in this or any other country. In other places we found the blue specular in immense quantities, and con- venient to both is coal and timber, capable of furnishing coke and char- coal to be used in utilizing these wonderful mountains of ore. MONEGAW CITY. As a town it was rather slow to grow, but a Mr. Houck seems first to have made_more extensively known the famous medical properties of the waters. He was the first to start the embryo city of Monegaw, and started in as the first merchant. He worked hard to let the virtues of the springs become known, and by 1856 and 1857, the city of Monegaw had a population of some 400. It was not, however, very easy of access, and the war ended the town, for it has since then ceased to exist. A good hotel building is there, and the famous springs still bubble up and run over with their crystal waters, but that is all that is now left. The future of these springs is, however, now bright. A company has been formed to resurrect the dead city and to open up a m.eans of ingress and egress, that it will become a pleasure to visit the springs, instead of seri- ous annoyance and trouble. It is in fact to be made a summer resort, with all the modern appliances of convenience and comfort, while enjoy- ing its life and health sustaining waters. CHAPTER XVIII. BUTLER, JACKSON AND POLK TOWNSHIPS. BUTLER TOWNSHIP-THE FIRST BREAK— ONE OF SEVEN— TOPOGRAPHY AND AREA— PRO- DUCTION AND POPULATION— WATER AND .TIMBER— SETTLED AND BY WHOM— GEORGE W. PENN— LOWRY CITY— CHURCHES, SCHOOLS, LODGES AND BUSINESS- JACKSON TOWNSHIP-MINERAL NOT AGRICULTURAL-METES AND BOUNDS-WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS-CHURCHES, POST OFFICES AND SCHOOLS-POLK TOWNSHIP- BORDER TOWNSHIP- BOUNDS- A SINGULAR SPRING— PIONEERS— WATER, TIMBER AND SOME ROCK-POPULATION — PRODUCnON— CHURCHES AND SCHOOLS— ITS GENERAL FEATURES BUTLER, ONE OF SEVEN. This township was the first new township made out of the original six, which constituted the municipal divisions of the county. Its first boundaries will be found in the general history, but the present is here given, taken from the records. It is nearly eight and a half miles north and south by seven and a half miles east and west, covering an area in round numbers of about 38,000 acres. The Osage River being its prin- cipal eastern boundary, it has a large number of fractional sections. Geographically it is bounded on the north by Henry County, east by the Osage River, except a strip in the northeast corner, which is divided from Jackson Township by range line between ranges 24 and 25; on the south by Osceola, and on the west by Chalk Level Township. On the new divisions organized in 1872, the township boundaries were placed upon the records as then made. This record, as regards this township, reads: TOWNSHIP OF BUTLER is bounded as follows: "Commencing in the center of the main channel of the Osage River, at a point where the south line of township 39, of range 25 crosses said river; thence down the main channel of said river to a point where the east line of said township crosses said river; thence running north to the boundary line of the county; thence west along said boundary line to a point where the section line between sections 2 and 3 in township 39, of range 26, intersects said boundary line; thence running south along said section line to the southwest corner of section 35 in said township; thence east along the township line to the center of the main channel of the Osage River; thence down the main channel of said river to the place of beginning." I032 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. PHYSICAL FEATURES. Butler Township is fully four-fifths prairie land, and it is admitted by competent judges to be the equal of any in the county. For beauty of landscape, richness of soil and wealth of production, Butler Town- ship, if not first, will rank as such before many years. With the advent of the Clinton & Osceola Railroad through its center, from north to south, it will be one of the most desirable homes for immigrants to be found. This will be accomplished within a few short months, and But- ler will rank as one of the wealthiest townships in the county. Its pop- ulation in 1880 was 1,399, ^"<^ is probably now 1,500. It is the largest population of any township excepting Appleton, and far exceeds that township in agricultural population. In 1870 it was less in population than Chalk Level, but now exceeds it. Its gain during the past decade is as follows: Population in 1880 i,399 Population in 1870 646 Gain 753 or a trifle over 115 per cent. This was more rapid than any other town- ship in the county. WATER AND TIMBER. The Osage River on its eastern border is its resource for water, with the exception of two small branches, which empty into the Osage, and Gallinipper Creek, which touches a portion of its southern and western border. There are a few springs within the township, and water is easy to obtain by sinking wells from twelve to forty feet. The timber lies along the bank of the Osage River, on the eastern side, and is of value. In minerals, the township is rather bare, though it is believed that lead exists in the southeastern partj on and near the river. THE EARLY SETTLERS. Among the earliest settlers in the township was Hugh Barnett, who settled on section 24, and came in the year 1838. Two sons, John and William, came with him. John settled on section 23. James Addington settled on section 14; John C. Greenwell on section 13, near the river, the same year. Christopher Greenup, James, William, John and Daniel Bunch all came in 1839, ^^^ settled on sections 2, 3 and 11. J. G. Wil- liams and William Crowley came in 1837, and were viewers of a road in May, 1838, being appointed by the Henry County Court. Williams is now, if living, a resident of Colorado. William Snell also lived on sec- tion 14, and came about 1839. These settlers were leading citizens of HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO33; the county for many years, and have left the impress of their energy of character upon the township. These were all in township 39, range 25. In 1840, there came Eli Oden, who settled on section 35, as alsa did C. G. Browning, township 39, of range 26. Hiram and Horatio Short came the same year and made section 26 their home, same township and range. Clifton Browning and a Dr. Browning and Dr. Giles came also in 1840. C. G. Browning bought the southeast quarter of northeast quarter of section 35, of James V. Garnett, an early settler who came in 1837. Besides the few names here mentioned, there were very few settlers on the west side of thfe township as early as 1840. They clus- tered near the river and along its banks for miles, but no settler was hardy enough in those days to settle upon the open prairie, miles from running water and timbered land. One of the first camping grounds in St. Clair County, was the Meth- odist camping grounds, located on the southeast quarter of section 25, township 39, of range 26. This ground was used as such as early as 1845, and people were known to come from twenty to thirty miles to- attend the meetings. Each brought their provisions along, and it was a regular camping out, the meetings holding as long as the provisions held out. This was the Lord's work, resting upon the endurance of the settlers to stand the short rations. So far as the early settlers of Butler are concerned, they were in pretty good circumstances on their arrival. Not much wealth as rated at this day, but enough to purchase their lands and give them a start without enduring the troubles of a debt hanging over them. The Bunches, Barnetts, Greenwells, all came prepared to- secure homes, and only their living to work for. They and their descen- dents have prospered. The people of Butler have looked for many years for railroad trans- portation through their township. High hopes or great expectations had taken hold of their minds, and they had even gone so far as to lay out a city of metropolitan proportions to meet their new view of life when the outside world could be reached with the iron horse as the mode of travel. There are bright hopes now for this long deferred railroad being completed, and when it is the citizens of Butler will have cause for rejoicing. It will not only be a convenience but a source of wealth. A PROMINENT CITIZEN. In 1841 George W. Penn came to St. Clair County and settled in Butler Township. He was born on the 9th day of December, 1813, in Caswell County, North Carolina. For thirty years Butler Township had no more active and enterprising a citizen. He died September 18, 1871,. at the age of fifty-eight years. When the town of Lowry was laid out he was one of its first merchants as well as its first hotel keeper. These 1034 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. he opened in May. 187 1, and lived but four months afterward. He belonged to the M. K. Church, South, and when the death of George W. Penn was announced not only Lowry City and Hutler Township mourned but St. Clair County had reason to weep for her loss. Under the new township law the following local officers were elected in the spring election of 1875: John Walker, trustee; D. B. Scobey, collector; R. W. Wright, clerk; Daniel Williams, assessor; S. M. Gracey and Jonathan Cooley, justices of the peace, and H. H. Sn\'der, con- stable. LOWRY CItV. The Pride of the Prairie is located on section 13, township 39, range 26, with as handsome a surrounding as the eye would wish to dwell upon. Those grassy slopes, dotted here and there with neat farm houses, well- stocked barns and herds of graded cattle tell of thrift and plenty, and in the midst of this, on rising ground bathed in the sunlight, stands the " Pride of the Prarie," great in the promise of a glorious future. It lies about seven and a half miles a little north and west of Osceola, and about eighteen and a half miles from Applcton City, a little south of west, and is directly on the line of the railroad now in process of con- struction between Clinton and Osceola, some twent}' miles from the lat- ter place. The city is regularlarly laid out; all thoroughfares running north and south are avenues, while the streets cross these at right angles, thus combining beauty and symmetry. It is on the high divide between the Osage and Grand Rivers, and the country to the north, south and west can be seen for miles. WHEN LAID OUT. I Early in March, 1871, the then proposed railroad between Osceola and Clinton having assured John Hancock that his offer was accepted, a plat of the town was drawn and a lithograph of the plat executed. Of course the new town became the absorbing theme in that section, and a number of the people were ready to purchase lots and take their chances for prosperity and wealth in the embryo city. In May, 1871, John Han- cock named this new town " Lowry City," in honor of a wealthy resident of Evansville, Indiana, for whom he formerly clerked j-ears ago. The town soon gave evidence of rapid growth, and in the year of its birth made a vigorous and healthy progress. G. W. & J. P. Wright put up the first store or business house, and were the first merchants. Dr. J. P. Wright was the first physician; D. M. Reid started the first blacksmith shop; R. Wright was the first car- penter, and C. F. Huebner the first shoemaker; and these settled all in the spring of 1871. The business firms then were: I HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO35 J. P. Wright and Co., general store. G. W. Wright, drugs, groceries, boots and shoes. G. W. Houx, hardware. C. F. Huebner, harness and boots and shoes. The first postmaster was J. P. Wright, and he was succeeded by J. il. Hopkins. The third was William Hook; fourth, John B. Bell, and ;he present postmaster, J. H. Trissel. Physicians, Dr. J. P. Wright and Dr. Joseph A. Mee. Dentists, E. J. Deringer and A. S. Wright. Tinner, Joseph R. Barnett. Blacksmith, W. D. Poindexter. Wagon manufacturer, — Vemiller. Wright House, G. W. Wright, proprietor. Hotel Penn, Mrs. Penn. Carpenters, J. H. Trissell and Mr. Fields. Grange Store, Phillip H. Clear. Drugs and groceries, W. G. Browning. Millinery, Mrs. Y. U. Poindexter. Dry Goods, H. Tutloch. Billiard Hall, James Cardwell. On May 8, 1872, Lowry City became a voting precinct, the polling Dlace being removed from Walker's School House. The public sale of ots took place November 20, 1871, in which some forty odd lots were iold, ranging in price from $26 to $145, and had the railroad been built, IS was expected, Lowry City to-day would have been the second city in ;ize in the county, if not the first. LOWRY CITY LODGE NO. 403 A. F. & A. M., ,vas organized in October, 1873. Its first officers were: A. M. Head, W. VI.; James Mahan, S. W.; William Cox, J. W.; George M. Gobbert, Sec- retary; John Cash, Treasurer; J. R. Jenkins, S. D.; R. W. Garnett, J. D.; John Barnett, T. Its present officers, 1883, are J. R. Barnett, W. M.; W. W. Gass, S. W.; Dr. James M. Mee, J. W.; David Chinn, Secretary. Original members, A. M. Mead, William M. Cox, Joseph Mahan, fohn Cash, George M. Gobbert, John R. Jenkins, R. W. Garnett and [ohn Barnett. The order is in good condition and has grown steadily. It now numbers thirty-three members, and a neat hall of their own. LOWRY LODGE NO. 407, I. O. O. F., was organized May 19, 1881, with the following charter members: John H. Trissel, C. F. Huebner, W. P. Snyder, C. W. Wright, Thomas R. But- 1036 HISTORY OF ST. Cl.AIR COUNTY. ler, Joseph Barter, Newton Dowers, P. H. Clear, S. J. Duvall, William Conner, J. C. Stockman, H. Denny, Thomas Dean and D. Tucker. The first officers were elected and installed as follows: J. C. Stock- man, N. G,; M. C. Mowbray, V. G.; C. F. Huebner, Secretary. v Second officers: C. F. Huebner, N. G.; M. F. Davis, V. G.; M. ci Mowbray, Secretary. Third officers: M. C. Mowbray, N. G.; N. Dowers, V. G.; F. D.'- Lacost, Secretary. Fourth officers: P. H. Clear, N. G.; Jonas Rathgib, V. G.; A. C. Winters, Secretary. The lodge is progressing finely, and has a membership of twenty- two. PLEASANT VIEW GRANGE, NO. 1 526, was organized at Lowry City, January 20, 1874, by Deputy M. V. B. Page, of Vernon County, Missouri, with the following named persons as charter members: J. C. Waldron and wife. Jonathan Cooley, H. W. Sale, J. K. Wilkin- son, Robert McF'arlin, Jr., and wife, W. H. Sparks and wife, Jonathan Hearn, A. M. Dyke, J. M. Francis, R. F. Lyon, Joseph Hannah and wife, E. E. Hall and wife, Isaac Hearn, Henry Hearn, Mrs. Evaline Cooper- son, James H. Walters, L. C. Walters, James Reasoner, O. P. Duvall. The first officers were, J. C. Waldron, Master; Jonathan Cooley, Secretary. Term of office expired January i, 1875. J. M. Francis was elected Master, and E. E. Hall, Secretary. Term of office expired January i, 1876. Jonathan Cooley was elected Master, and Robert McFarlin, Secre- tary, Term of office expired January i, 1877. H. W. Sale was elected Master, and R. McFarlin re-elected Secre- tary, They held their offices until March, 1878. Jonathan Cooley was elected Master, and P. H. Clear, Secretary. During this year the Grange became dormant, and did not meet regu- lar until August 2, 1879, when it met and reorganized, with Jonathan Cooley, Master, and P. H. Clear, Secretary. January i, P. H. Clear was chosen Master, and F. W. Sale, Secre- tary. Term of office expired January i, 1881. P. H. Clear was re-elected Master, and H. W. Sale re-elected Sec- retary. Term of office expired January i, 18S2. P. H. Clear was re-elected Master, and J. M. Francis, Secretary. Term of office expired January i, 1883. Daniel Williams was chosen Master, and J. M. Francis re-elected Secretary. Present number of members, males, 41; females, 17. Total, 58. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, IO37 The members of this Grange are owners of a large two story frame building 20x60 feet in size, with store room below and hall above, and are out of debt. M. E. CHURCH. The M. E. Church, now of Lowry City was organized in 1865, by a few earnest people. They were William Hook, B . H . Woodbury, George W. Houk and Henry Houk. The present membership is fifty. The church was built in 1878, frame in construction and cost $900, Since 1870 the pastors have been the same as the Osceola M. E. Church; this church being in the same circuit. There is a Union Sunday School In a flourishing condition numbering seventy-five pupils, with B. H. Woodbury of the M. E. Church, superintendent, FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH is comparatively a new organization, it being first called together March 24, 1882, the folio wii^rf^med members effecting its organization: C. Brom and 'wife, R. D. Lawlor and wife, Sarah F. Penn, Taxanna F. Smith, G. H. Matthew and wife, John G. Baynhan and wife, Morgan Wright and wife, A. S. Wright, Missouri Poindexter, J. P. Wright and G. W. Mahan. Its first pastor was the Rev. R. D. Lawler. The church has a promising future, with an extended influence for good. SCHOOLS. They have nine school districts in Butler Township, besides another in connection with Chalk Level Township, about one half of the terri- tory lying in each township. These schools average six months each, have a full average attendance, and have the past few years advanced rapidly. This is accounted for by the fact that good teachers have been employed, the qualifications of the man being taken into considera- tion and not wages. The demands of the people for educational facili- ties have been advantageously met. JACKSON TOWNSHIP. As an agricultural township Jackson cannot be called first-class, although there are some prairie and bottom lands within her border equal to the best. But her wealth lies in her immense iron bed which covers nearly, if not quite, one third of her area. Central Jackson is simply a bed of iron ore and covers some twelve sections of land. This is wealth if communication with the outside world becomes a living reality. Iron furnaces, with coal all around, would build up the waste places in the township. The northern portion of the west along the 1038 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Osat:^e River and a strip along its southern border are as good agricul- tural lands as are to be found. This land has been appreciated for in the last decade Jackson Count)' has gained rapidly in population. The population in 18S0 was 775 The population in 1870 was 411 334 This is a gain of about eighty per cent, and above the average gain of the townships. The Osage River makes her western boundary very irregular and the same can be said of its northern boundary in part, for the meandering of that stream waters its northern part and then forms a portion of its northern boundary. This makes at least half of tiie township well wooded and watered, and to this may be credited her surprising growth when taken into consideration that one-third of her territory can not be cultivated for agricultural purposes. There is no better stock country than that to be found in the northern and western part of this town- ship. IRON ORE. When the wealth of her mineral shall be brought to the surface and utilized as it should be, Jackson. Township will not be lacking in the essentials of prosperity. Those iron beds will not be exhausted for years, and when her mineral wealth shall have been developed, combin- ed with her agricultural and stock resources, Jackson will not need to take a back seat in either wealth or population. METES AND BOUNDS. Jackson Township lies in the northeast corner of the county, Henry County being on the north, Benton on the east, Polk Township on the south and Butler Township on the west. She is more partiularly described by the order of the county court: JACKSON. Established and bounded as follows, to wit: Commencing at the southeast corner of township thirty-nine, range twenty-four, thence run- ning north along the township line to the northeast corner of said town- ship, taking in all of township forty, range twenty-three and twenty-four, that is in St. Clair County, thence running along the northern boundary of the county to the northwest corner of said township thirty-nine, range twenty-four, thence south along the township line to the center of the main channel of the Osage River, thence up the center of said main channel to a point where the south line of said township crosses said river, thence east to the place of beginning. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO39 Excepting the Osage River, there are no streams of importance in the township. A few minor branches flow into the above named river, but with the exception of giving plenty of stock water are but of little consequence. The Osage, however, makes several deep bends into the township, watering nearly its entire north half. WHITE SULPHUR. In the northeast corner of the township, on fractional section i, is to be found one of the finest springs of white sulphur water to be seen in the state. It was first discovered by John E. Bouldin in 1837, and is- highly prized to this day. The windings of the Osage make numerous important bends, and on the ridges from the top down on both sides to the river is found splendid land and cattle ranges. The Horsehoe Bend in the south corner makes a very pretty horseshoe in shape, and reaches some two miles into Jackson Township and the land in the bend belong- ing to Butler Township. On the north we have Tally's Bend, Waldo Bend and Dawson Bend. AREA. In area Jackson Township is eight and a half miles north and south b)' an average of about six and a half miles east and west, and in round numbers has about 30,000 acres of land, not all, as was before remarked, good agricultural or farming land, but such a splendid combination of mineral wealth and productive soil as to give a promise of a bright future. WHEN SETTLED. This township may be considered to have been settled from 1836 to 1840; that is, the old pioneers who blazed the way for civilization and progress, settled there during those years and left their impress for all time. Within what is now the present boundary of Jackson Township^ settled quite a number who became prominent in those early days in the history of the county. J. E. Bouldin came in 1836; one of the Daw- sons in 1837. The first settled on fractional section i, and the latter on fractional section 2. John Waldo was on fractional sections 3 and 4, the same year; then there was Thomas F. Wright, from Kentucky, in 1837, who settled on fractional sections 5 and 6; John Tally, from Alabama, on the same section 6; James Foster on 5. Wright was a justice of the peace and a county judge, succeeding Judge Barnett in 1842. There came from Tennessee, in 1837' and 1838, several settlers, among whom were Thomas Copenhaver, who drove his stake on section 26; John Thompson on section 23; L. Gover, section 26; also E. L. Harper; then A. Miller, on section 24; Gideon W. Smith on section 2, and Neshack I 1040 . IIISTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Tipton on section 35. or fractional section i, township 40. range 24. Jesse Lovney first settled on section ?3. and he too. like Tally, came from Alabama. James Tally came in 1837, and with his brother John settled in the bend which goes by their name. Josiah Dent settled on section 5, and William Brown on fractional section 4; and these com- plete the list of most of the early settlers of Jackson Township. BAKER AND ICONIUM. There are two post offices within the township, one known as Baker, on fractional section 4, opened in 1869, Elijah Smith, postmaster, until 1872, and since that time Elder W. M. Love has acted, and the office called Iconium, which was opened in March, 1879, with a weekly mail to both places. At Iconium. Mr. C. W, Wright i" postmaster, and also a merchant, keeping a general store. Mr. Armstrong runs the only blacksmith shop. Mr. James L. Bernard is now erecting a store building, intending to open another store at that place. There is a good country around Iconium, and there is no reason why it should not become a flourishing country town. Iconium is located on section 26, in the southwest portion of the township. Under the new township organization law, the following persons were elected at the April election in 1874: Hiram Gray, trustee; A. Miller, clerk; Silas R. Miller, assessor; Levi M. Gover, collector; A. G. Wood, constable, (to fill vacanc}'); John Copenhaver, Ben. Brake, L. C. Mathews and John J. Smith, road overseers. At the election 1882, the township organization law was again adopted, it having been annulled in 1878. THE PRAIRIE GROVE BAPTIST CHURCH was organized on the fourth Sunday in April, 1868, and is located on the northwest quarter of section 4. north of the Osage River. Its organiza- tion was effected by Revs. Thomas Briggs and W. P. Wright, the fol- lowing being the names of the original members: W. H. Sibley, M. Wright, Sydney Kirtley, Samuel Garwood, S. J. Smith, Hugh Ingram, R. Eversole, William Parker, Henry Hollace, Catharine Wright, Ann Evarett, Nancy Parker, Lavisa Dent and Martha Copenhaver. The present membership is fifty-two. The pastors who have offici- ated are as follows: PLlder R. D. Lawler. Elder W. P. Wright, Elder J. H. Sands, Elder W. M. Love, the present pastor, who has labored as such for the past seven years. M. Wright is clerk. The church's first and present place of worship is the school building erected for both pur- poses, a neat frame building costing the sum of $800. The\- ha\'e also a HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. I04r flourishing Sunday School connected with the church with an attend- ance of thirty-five scholars. Its superintendent is S. B. Davidson, who has made it a success. WRIGHT'S CREEK BAPTIST CHURCH, was organized in February, 1866, by the Rev. William P. Wright, and Rev. C. V. Maddox. It is located on the northwest quarter of section 6. The first house of worship erected was in 1872, size 22x30, and of logs. This building was accidently burned a month after its completion. The present church was built in 1877, and is a handsome and substantial frame structure, in size 22x32, neatly finished and furnished and at a cost of $650. Its members who united in the organization were Rev. William H. Sibley and wife, James Foster and wife, James M. Lane and wife, Thomas Wright and wife, Morgan Wright and wife, Lucinda Commons, Lavisa Dent, C. R. Fields and wife, Rev. C. V. Maddox and wife, and Lucinda Dent, (colored). The church has grown and prospered, and now has a membership of seventy-one. A very pleasant Sabbath School under the superinten- dency of Mr. A. C. Tally is connected with the church and has a regu- lar attendance of some twenty-five pupils, Its present pastor is the Rev. William P. Wright. SCHOOLS. The schools of this township are well attended and number five. The school and church on section 6, is a fine building costing some $800. Take it altogether and the cause of education is receiving all care and attention, and the future is bright with promise. * POLK TOWNSHIP, lies upon the eastern border of the county, being bounded on the north by Jackson Township, east by Hickor)^ County, south by Dallas and west by Osceola Township. It was one of the six original townships of 1841. In old times Dallas was a part of this township, and at one time Jackson was also added to it, and remained so some seven months, when Jackson was again taken off, and made a separate township. At the passage of the new organization law, the boundaries of Polk Township were defined and made of record as follows: Commencing at the southeast corner of township 38, range 24; thence running north along the township line to the northeast corner of said township: thence running west along the township line to the center of the main channel of the Osage River; thence up said main channel to a point where the township line between township 39, of 66 1042 HISTORY 01" ST. CLAIR COUNTY range 24. and township 39, of ranf^c 25, crosses said river; thence south along said township line to the southwest corner of township 38, of range 24; thence east along the township line to the place of beginning. The central and northern part of this township is good tillable land, the south part is stony and broken, and while there is some good land, the most of it is of light soil. This township, like Jackson, has a large amount of iron ore within its limits, while it has numerous springs which give rise to Bear Creek and another small stream north of it. One of the curiotities of the township is a spring in the southeast corner of section 16, near the residence of John Poling. The water in this spring in the winter is rather warm in temperature, while in the summer it is nearly ice cold, being a change of some twenty degrees in temperature between the cold of summer and the heat or warmth of winter. It of course never freezes over. James Gardner, Simeon Poston, Ash Peebly and Matt. Hoover all came way back in 1833 or 1834. James Gardner was elected a justice of the peace December 10, 1835, the county then being named Rives. Simeon Poston was the first county seat commissioner and held it for twelve years. The records of the Rives County Court show that James Gardner was elected a justice of the peace for " VVablaw " Township. This is the way the name was spelled in those days. Peebly was from Howard County and Hoover from North Carolina. All along the banks of Weaubleau Creek on the east and west sides settlers built their cabins, and along in 1S34 to 1837 came William Clarkson, George McFarland, Henry Earl, Jonas Musgrove (the ford across the Osage being named after him), Elijah Puckett and William C. Marlow, the latter settling on the east half of the southwest quarter of section 6. Anthony Hester, who was county judge in 1854 and now lives in Butler Township, first settled on section 19, and above him on Weaubleau Creek, on the east side about one mile, Edmond Nance set- tled. On the same side of the stream and three-quarters of a mile above Nance was the claim and cabin of Richard Crenshaw. Just down the creek a half mile Joseph Benum settled, but he was just over the line in what is now Osceola Township. In May, 1841, Richard Crenshaw purchased of Fielding A. Pinnel, of Henry County, clerk of that county for sixteen years, the east half of the southeast quarter of section 18, township n, range 24, now Dallas Township. Albom D. Ashton, William Gardner and Joseph Bolinger, all came before 1840, and the latter owned a mill site on Weaubleau Creek. It was the northwest fractional quarter of section 19, township 38, range 24. On this same site a mill was built in 1845, by Mr. James Gardner. It was a grist and saw mill, the former having two runs of burrs, and was probably the second mill erected in the county. It stood for ten years and then the booming waters of the muddy WV-aubleau HISTORY OF ST. Ci>AIR COUNTY. IO43 took it into an affectionate embrace and delivered it to the swelling bosom of the beautiful Osage. WATER AND TIMBER. The Osage touches its northwest corner as it makes its curve for the Horseshoe Bend. Bear Creek empties into the Osage at the bend, and this stream rises in the southeast, has numerous heads or branches and then forming one stream about one mile southeast from the center of the township, and then running northeast finds its way in the Osage as above. The bottom land along Bear Creek is very rich and productive, but the township, taken altogether, is hilly and broken. On Bear Creek and in the northern part lies the best of the agricultural lands. Silver and lead, as well as iron is said to exist in the township, but the latter is certain and destined to be a valuable adjunct to its wealth. Its timber covers over two-thirds of the township, and while there is much small and scraggy, there is also on Bear Creek and on the bend ot the Osage, much valuable timber. The township will always, or for years to come, have good stock ranges, and it is a good stock township. AREA AND POPULATION. Polk Township in size is a congressional township of six miles square, and would have had, but for a strip in the Horse Shoe bend of the Osage. 23,040 acres. That strip is about lOO acres, which gives it 22,940 acres. Population in 1880 605 Population in 1870 316 Gain 289 Not quite, but very nearly doubling its population the past decade. Take the amount of unproductive soil and this is a remarkable increase. When you take the character of the country into consideration it is a little surprising that the increase per cent, the past decade is greater in the eastern than in the western portion. The township in population is next to the smallest, Washington Township alone having a less popula- tion. The stock ranges is probably one of the causes for much of the mineral lands, so-called, are good grass lands. In the agricultural resources of the county will be found the assessed valuation of the township in 1876. That of 1874 is here given, as fol- lows: ♦ Value. Horses 239 $8,132 Mules 55 1.973 Cattle 578 5,866 Sheep 638 784 I044 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Value. Hogs 1.057 I 431 Moneys I.I33 All other property 24.536 Total value personal property $43-855 In 1871 there was a talk of a layout of a town on what is called " Thousand Acre Prairie," but it did not succeed. This was in the northern and eastern part of the township. Polk Township has no post office within its bounds. BETHEL CHURCH. The Bethel Baptist Church of Polk Township is one of the oldest, if not the oldest, church organization in the county, and was for years the only church for many miles around. It was first organized on April 29. 1837, by Rev. Elijah Williams and Rev. Hiram Savage. It is located in the northern part of the township, and had an old log cabin as its first place of worship, outside of the cabins of the members. The original members of this church were: William Owsley, Enoch Cyrus, Rebecca Cyrus, Harvey Harper, Francis Owsley, Abraham C. Nowell, John M. Harper, Nancy Harper, Mary Carr, Sarah Perkins, Bird Estes, Mary Estes, Elizabeth Commons, Joseph Harrison, Prenilla Harrison, Sarah Powell, Benjamin Barnett, Sarah Harris, Hannah Barnett, Hannah Roberts, PLlizabeth Reeves, Eliza Donaught, Samuel Bishop. Its first pastor was the Rev. Littleton Lunsford, in 1837, and he was followed by Revs. William Owsley, James Richardson, H. P. Parker, M. Monroe, M. Walker and John Hatfield. Their first church was built of logs, by a portion of the members, in 1845. The second church, of the same material, was erected in 1850, and the last, also erected of hewn logs, was put up in 1870, at a cost of $200, subscription raised of the members of the church. Mr. Harvey G. Harper has been most of the time officiating as the church clerk at their meetings. The church has a regular pastor, and holds its covenant meetings on the fourth Saturday and Sunday follow- ing. Its present membership is eighteen, and its congregation large. The schools of Polk Township, number 4, and each have a good house. The attendance is fully up to the average, being about seventy per cent, of those of school age. CHAPTER XIX. DALLAS, COLLINS, DOYAL AND WASHINGTON TOWNSHIPS, DALLAS TOWNSHIP-WHEN, WHERK AND HOW MUCH-THEY CAME— SETTLED-AMONG OTHER THIN'GS-THE OLD LOG CHURCH-KING'S PRAIRIE-POLITICAL AND OTHER- WISE— COLLINS TOWNSHIP, AND A VOLUME OF FACTS— THE NAME— 1830 TO 1840— THE LOOM-THE GOOD WORD-DOYAL TOWNSHIP— WAS THE CREATION OF 1872— THE ADVANCE GUARD-COON CKEEK-ITS EARLY ARRlVALS-POPUl ATION AND AREA— DOYAL'S BOUNDS-HER CHUReHES AND SCHOOLS— ELECTION OF 1874— WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP, ONE OF THE ORIGINAL SIX— METES AND BOUNDS-THE SAC RIVER AND BRUSH CREEK- THE ADVENT OF JACOB COONCE-GAME AND OIHER SETTLERS-ITS SCHOOLS, ETC.— IN MEMORIAL. DALLAS TOWNSHIP. This township lies in the southeast corner of the county, being^ bound on the north by Polk Township, east by Hickory County, south by Hickory County and Collins Township and West by Doyal Town- ship. It is congressional township in size and was placed upon the record June 5, 1872, with its metes and bounds described as follows: Established and being the congressional township number 37, of range number 24. Originally, and for a great number of years, Dallas Township, as now known, was a part of Polk, in fact Polk Township covered this ter- ritory up to the above date. AREA AND TIMBER. Its area as described gives it 23,040 acres of land, about four-fifths timber and one-fifth prairie. The Weaubleau Creek rises just over the border in Hickory County, enters the township in the southeast corner, and then passes diagonally across the township, and then north on its wester border, and leaves the township in the northwest corner. Weau- bleau Creek is a stream large enough and water enough for milling pur- poses, and waters with its branches a large portion of the township. It is rich in minerals, both lead and iron are known to exist, and capital alone is needed to develop this important addition to her wealth. Tim- ber of a good quality is found on the Weaubleau, water in springs and creeks plentiful, and the bottoms on the Weaubleau rich, with a deep, 1046 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. rich and alluvial soil. As a stock raisinj^ township it has no superior in the county. Its surface, however, is broken and hilly, and in some places considerable rock is found. Iron is found from the center of the township west and nortiiwest to Doyal, and that township is also well supplied with a larjje amount of this ore. Limestone is plenty, the low lands are rich, and the red land excellent for wheat. Before the war Dallas, then Polk, was a good tobacco township, and for that crop it has some excellent land. The lead ore is found in several places, and quite an excitement was raised a few years since, in 1873, when lead was found on section 27, near Wolfe's Mill, not a half mile from James Doyal's. When this mineral shall be developed, it will bring a new era of pros- perity to the township. THE OLD SETTLERS. Elijah Rice may be said to be among the earliest settlers in this township. He came in 1837, and settled on the southeast quarter of sec- tion 7. Thomas Hester and Robert Hester came soon after as did Anthony Hester, of Polk Township. Robert Hester settled on the south half of the northeast quarter of section ID, and the Widow Nancy Slo- cum now owns the same property. Richard Crenshaw, as stated in Polk Township history, was there in 1841, but came a few years sooner. Thomas Hester settled what is now the Stiles land, being the southwest quarter of section 7. In 1840, W. R. Cauthon, who came from Tennessee, located on section 29 of the west half of the southwest quarter. Thomas Chilton the next year purchased the southeast half of the southeast quarter, and the southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of section 8. The Wares came in 1836, and they located on sections 21 and 22, and took up nearly the whole of it. There were Thompson Emmons and Jackson Ware, and came from Virginia. They moved away many years ago and the land they cultivated is now a forest. James Cauthon came in the winter of 1841-2, and settled on section 14, and John J. C. Wolfe came the same year and settled on section 22. John D. Sims settled on section 21. and Edward DeLozier, on section 20, now the W. B. Robinson place. These all came in 1842. These were the men that followed the star of empire, and made civilization a success. The settlers when they first located followed the banks of Weaubleau Creek, in that they secured water, fuel and game. Deer, turkey, wild cats, foxes and wolves were plentiful, while now and then a bear would raise his shaggy head, from his lair in the thick brush. Hunting was sometimes a pastime, but other times it meant work for the winter's meat. Then the logging bee was something that meant hard work but it helped a neighbor out, and a " raisin " was another of those neigh- HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO47 borly traits that made all old settlers brothers. R. Eads and Francis Yoast built the first water mill in the township in 1844 and sold it to John J. C. Wolfe. William Morrison had a blacksmith shop and the first one as early as 1837. He settled on section 24. This township in an early day was somewhat infested with snakes, and the gentle rattle- snake, the familiar blacksnake and the innocent striped or garter snake could generally be found without much seeking. AMONG OTHER THINGS. The first school house was erected in 1840 and on the west half of the northeast quarter of section 19. It was on Richard Crenshaw's land. It was a subscription school, built of nice logs all rounded as nature made them, with no door and a mud chimney. It was in this classic hall of education that the present popular and able county treasurer of St. Clair County received his first rudiments of learning, where he received those impressive lessons of which the hickory limb formed so essential a part, the down stroke being heavy and the up stroke light. Of course he is a Democrat of the Jacksonian stripe. Of these educational facilities Dallas Township has four, and there is a fractional district united with Doyal. The school buildings of this day are comfortable with all the necessary articles for a thorough course of a common school education. There was another old log school house on section 8 on the north half of the west half of the southwest quarter. This was on what was called the old Wilkinson place. THE LOG CHURCH. Then there was a log church building erected especially for religious services on the southwest quarter of the northeast quarter of section 29. This was probably the first exclusive church building erected in the county outside of Osceola. There was an earlier church organization in the county, but not a church. The first ministers to hold religious services in the township were the Rev. Marcus Monroe, Baptist, and the Rev. Daniel Murphy. These earnest men and doers of the Lord's work preached throughout the whole eastern part of the country from Henry to Hickory, Benton and Polk Counties. No churches then, but the cabin of the settler, became the sanctuary of the Lord. The first resident minister was the Rev. Christopher Woodall, of the Baptist denomination, father of the present county treasurer, who came in the year 1840. They have no church building in the township of note, but several organizations. 1048 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COJNTY. Dallas Township, taken together, may be said to be a good stock raising and cereal growing township. There is quite a large portion broken land, somewhat hilly and rough, but still excellent stock ranges. Her red land is good wheat land and her bottom lands none better for corn. It is mostly timbered, very little prairie in proportion. Sandstone, excellent for building purpose, is found, perhaps too much of it. The limestone soil is strong, and some flint is found. The township may be said to be rolling, as a general thing. In 1880, Dallas Township had a population of 635, this being its first census recorded except in 1876, when its population was 548. This would show that it had received little or no immigration. The King Prairie, so called, is the most noted in the township, cov- ering some three sections. The Kings came in 1834 or '35, and owned some 400 acres, and from them it took its name, and is as pretty a piece of land as can be found anywhere. Rolling enough to have good drain- age, the soil deep, rich and fruitful, it is looked upon as the garden spot of Dallas Township. One curious thing in connection with this township is that a few deer and wild turkeys are yet found within its limits, but this probably arises from its close proximity to Hickory County, which may be con- sidered one of the finest counties in the state for the home of wild animals. LONG RIDGE CHURCH. The organization known as the Long Ridge Church was formed by the united efforts of a few earnest people, in the year 1-869. Among those who joined in this praiseworthy work were: William Tucker, wife and family, Mrs. Strickland, Jesse Bullard, the organization being conducted by the Rev. Armstrong, who was its first pastor. He was succeed by the following pastors in the order named: Revs. Breeding, Danner, Woodward, Herndon, Hultz, Logan, Banberg, and the Rev. Proctor, present pastor. They have no church building, but hold ser- vices at the Stiles School House. The membership is nearly thirty. The class has been for some time principally presided over by William Tucker. He was appointed in 1869 steward, and has served since that date. Politically, Dallas Township was Republican from the close of the war until 1880, when the Democrats claimed her redemption. She was generally about two-thirds to three-fourths Republican, as will be seen by the election tables of 1870-4-6. The last election, in the fall of 1882, she went, for the first time, Democratic in many years. The local election for township officers in 1875 gave the following: G. W. Martin, Trustee; E. M. Kimsey, Assessor; John Stark, Collector; W. G. Cauthon, Constable; James Cauthon and John V. Miller, Justices of the Peace. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 104^ COLLINS TOWNSHIP. This is the southeast township of St. Clair County, and consists of about equal parts of prairie and wooded land. The magnificent prairie valleys formed by the erodings of the past; the beautifully clear, crystal waters; its richly diversified growth of forest of fine timber, and the bold outlines of the jutting cliffs found here and there along the banks of the beautiful streams, all tend to render Collins one of the most pic- turesque townships in the county. This justly called magnificent town- ship embraces within its limits 23,040 acres, nearly all of which is tilla- ble land, rich in undeveloped resources. You may ask why is this land valuable. Picture to yourself a forest filled with babbling brooks and grasses fine, a pasture for herds of cattle that none could want better, and filled with such timber as the oak, walnut, hickory, sugar maple, elm and other varieties. Such is Collins Township in all of its real and natural beauty, and as such adds much to its wealth. In this township are found val- leys of the richest alluvial soil and undulating upland that for purposes of cultivation cannot be surpassed in the county. These are all sources of wealth to Collins Township. This is not all that tends to make its lands valuable. Along Brush Creek in the southern part, and the "Little Weaubleau " in the north- ern, are found some of the best quarries of sand and lime stone, suitable alike for rubble work or brown stone front. These quarries, with the rich coal and mineral deposits along Coon Creek, add still other sources of wealth, which summed up make fine forests of fine timber, fine val- leys of fine land, beautiful uplands with rich and succulent grasses, fine stones created from fine sand. What township could ask more or greater wealth from nature.-* The record of township boundaries in 1872 gave COLLINS, bounded as follows: "Commencing at the southeast corner of section 4, township 36, of range 24; running thence west on the township line to the northwest corner of section 3, township 36, of range 25; thence south on the section line to the southern boundary of the county; thence east to the southeast corner of section 33, of township 36, of range 24,-; thence north along the county line to the place of beginning." June 5, 1872. Collins was originally a part of Washington, one of the original townships formed when the county was organized in 1841, and remained a part of that township until 1872, when it became the present Collins Township. Collins is bounded on the north by Doyal and Dallas Townships, on the east by Hickory County, on the south by Polk and Cedar Counties^ and on the west by Washington. 1050 HISTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. THE NAME "COLLINS." The county court of St. Clair County in 1872 complying with the provision of what is known as the " new township law," cut old Wash- ington asunder and from it constructed two townships, one to retain the name of the " father of our country," and one to yet receive a name. The citizens of the new township came forward at this time, and with great appreciation for the services of one of the judges of the county court, asked that it might be named in honor of Judge William Collins. Accordingly the county court complied with the request and named the new township " Collins." The people of this township equal in energy and thrift the citizens of any township in the county. They have worked hard to make them- selves and families homes. Many well cultivated farms and comfortable residences give evidence that their labor has not been in vain. As a township Collins, since her formation, has steadily improved and emi- gration has kept pace with her improvements. THE EARlY pioneers. Perhaps the first settlement ever made in Collins Township by the pale faces, was made by Daniel Molder, of Tennessee, who, in 1831, came to Collins and located on section 21, of township 34, range 24. Mr. Molder, who seems to dispute the first settler with Jacob Coonce, with characteristic energy built him a log hut, and proceeded to establish himself a permanent home in the then wilderness. His nearest neigh- bor was some miles distant. But this was not to last long, for in the spring of 1832, James Francis, of Tennessee, settled near him, and estab- lished neighborly intercourse. Another neighbor made his appearance in this district in 1833. Isaac Culbertson cast his lot with his brother pioneers in Collins Township. The immigration of 1834, brought such pioneers as Albion Ayres, Isaac Rogers, William Allen, Richard Deshazo, A. M. McMiner and L. R. Ashworth, who lived in Roscoe, a minister of God's word, who, while attending to the duties of his little patch of corn, would on Sunday mornings visit some near neighbor, who lived not more than three, four or five miles distant, and by preaching the good word cheered the hearts of many downcast spirits to renewed exertions. After this, followed Peter Francis in 1835, Francis Yoast in 1836, Samuel H. Martin in 1837, Robert Gardner in 1839, and William King the following fall. Of the old pioneers, there now remain but two. These are Mr. Yoast and Mr. Peter P>ancis. Mrs. Dolly Martin, the wife of Samuel Martin, is still living, and enjoys the friendship, esteem and love of all with whom she is acquainted. i HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO5 I The first school in the township was taught by a man named Wayne. He charged for his services $2.50 per scholar for a term of three months, and received in pay, as legal tender, coonskins and corn. He taught in the neighbors' houses, and " traveled around." From this time the edu- cational interests of Collins Township was one of the chief interests, and to-day this township ranks second to none in educational facilities. THE LOOM. This first manufacturer that ever trod the soil of St. Clair County, was Samuel Martin. In 1836, Mr. Martin's family were nearly out of the necessary wearing apparel, and as there were no ready made clothing to be found closer than St. Louis, it devolved upon him to furnish a means for manufacturing the necessary goods from which to make it. Therefore, in July, he commenced work. None knew what he was constructing, but while looking at the great beams, some fourteen feet long, swung to the roof of a log kitchen, some surmised what would be the result of so much patient labor. They were correct in their surmises, for after three months of hard work Mr. Martin produced a full grown loom. His wife was the first to use it, finishing on the 13th day ot September a piece of jeans seven yards in length. This was the first piece of cloth ever made in St. Clair County, one yard, of which is now in the possession of Mrs. Dolly Martin, the lady who wove it. It is not known to a certainty who was the first child born in the town- ship, but perhaps John R., a son of Daniel Molder, born in 1838. The first death was in the month of July in 1834, and was a son of Mr. Isaac Cul- bertson. SCHOOLS. The first school house of which we could receive any information was located in section 12, and was built of logs; dimensions, twenty by fourteen feet. After this, several such buildings were put up, but all have been replaced by structures more commodious. THE GOOD \YORD. The first sermon preached in Collins Township was by the Rev. L. R. Ashworth, at the house of Mr. Culbertson. COON CREEK BAPTIST CHURCH is 4nost beautifully located on a rising eminence in the midst of what is known as Allen's Prairie, on section ii, in one of the finest agricultural and best cultivated sections of the county. It is also one of the oldest 1052 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNIY. churches, having been organized in the year 1842, and from its position commands one of the most extensive and pleasing views to be found any where in this section of the country. The original members of this church were : Evan Lollery and wife, William Culbertson and wife, Garner Phillips and wife, L. R. Ashworth and wife. Rev. L. R. Ash- worth and Rev. D. R. Murphy organized the church in the year above mentioned, the former being its first pastor. The new church was erected in August, 1872, at a cost of some $Coo, and is a neat frame structure, plainly but substantially built and finished. The first pastor to succeed the Rev. L. R. Ashworth was Rev. James Wheeler, followed by Rev. V. Burge, Rev. J. T. Metcalf, Rev. W. F. Shackelford and the present pastor, the Rev. J. M. Freeman. The pas- tors have all remained quite a number of years; the Rev. J. T. Metcalf officiating for fourteen years, and none less than four. They have con- nected with the church a Sunday School whose pupils number sixty-five and very ably and successfully conducted by T. J. Browning. DOYAL TOWNSHIP is the creation of the new organization law of 1872, but its territory has been there all the time. It is in fact about the oldest settled township in the county, and can date back to 1832 and 1833. The first election ever held in St. Clair County was held in this township, October 24, 1835, and was for a justice of the peace. The election was held at the house of Daniel Waldo, on section 8. Waldo owned on s'ections 12 and 13, across Sac River, but his cabin was in Doyal, on section 8, as above. THE ADVANCE GUARD. The Waldos, Gashs and Culbertsons came in 1832-3. They were followed by Reuben S. Nance, the first surveyor of the county in 1835, in the spring of that year. Mr. Nance started the second or third store in this county in 1836, whether before Calvin Waldo's or not, is hard to say. Waldo was in full blast in June, 1836, and Nance purchased two bills of goods in St. Louis, one on April 4, 1836, and one on April 5, the follow- ing day, and he opened a store on Coon Creek on the arrival of these goods. The time of travel is not known. The bills above spoken of were in the hands of the writers. Clardy clerked it for him the same year, for in November, 1836, Clardy went to St. Louis, and there settled or paid all of Nance's purchases up to that date. In 1837 it became Nance & Clardy, and continued until 1839. Nance settled on section 34. COON CREEK. In the Coon Creek Settlement were Joseph P^benezer, William Gash and Thomas Piper, in 1834, Joseph Isaac Culbertson in 1835, P. HISTOR\"' OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO53 DeLozier, wife and three children, in 1834. Joe Culbertson settled on sec- tion 15, and Thomas Piper on section 26. Daniel Brandt, Ben Sams, and Nicholas Miner. Brandt settled on section 32. Burdet same on same section, William Culbertson on section 33. Nance first on section 28, and others on section 32, and John A. Culbertson on section 27, the latter, however, did not come until 1837, and his father, William, came with him. The Culbertsons came from Marion County, Missouri. Eb Gash's place, on section 22, who came in 1833, is now owned by James Elliott. John Goots came in 1837 and made section 20 his home, and James Gardner, from Virginia, settled on section 29, in 1838. William Gash first settled on section 36, and remained one year, and then settled on section in 1834. It was on this section that the first county and cir- cuit court was held in St. Clair County. The Waldos settled on the Sac River. James A. Eads and Filmore Thompson came in 1840, the former settling on section 17 and the latter on 30. These were the early settlers of Doyal, and quite a number of them have made history. ITEMS. John Goots started a horse mill about a mile from Coon Creek, on section 20, soon after he came. The first preacher was Littleton Lunsford a Hard Shell Baptist. The first school house was put up on section 33, and John Able was the first teacher. This was'in 1837, and the building, or cabin, was on the banks of Coon Creek. This was also the first church. Eb Gash's wife died in 1840. Selina Gash and Washington Whitlow was the first marriage, and in 1841. Dr. P. M. Cox, now living hale and hearty at the age of seventy- three years, was the first physician. He came in 1836 and commenced practice at once. Dr. Lawrence was the second physician. They practiced over an extensive scope of country. The Rev. Even Loler, a Missionary Baptist, settled in the Coon Creek Valley. Three of his sons are now living, and all are preachers, one in this county, one in Henry County, and one in the state of Nebraska. The old man finally lost his reason and died in 1867. In 1870, a post office was established in the township and called Doyleston. It was on the Bolivar road, some seven miles south of Osce- ola, and got started in December. H. L. M. Doyal was postmaster. It has been closed. The next post office, by courtesy, was on the Humanville road, at the house of John A. Culbertson. It being about twelve miles 1054 IIISTOKV 0¥ ST. CLAIR COUNTY. to a post office they were dropped off there for a number of years, com- mencing about 1850. TOrOGRAI'IIV. Doyal Township is about equally divided between prairie and tim- ber. The township is rather rolling, but not too much so, except on the Sac River, where it is somewhat broken. There are some very fine stretches of prairie that are as rich in soil and productive capacity as they are beautiful to look at. Along Coon Creek the land is exceed- ingly fruitful, and some of the finest farms in the county can be found on this creek. The western portion is the most broken. Cook Creek rises in the southeastern part of the township, and running northwest, empties into the Sac River about three miles from the northern bound- ary of the township. Sac River is its western border, the Weaubleau touches its northeast corner, and Little Brush Creek reaches it, or takes its rise in the central part, running north, and emptying its waters in the Osage. The timber is good, the soil rich, and in mineral production Doyal is well supplied. Iron ore is plenty, and lead is believed to exist in large quantities, and a few years ago quite an excitement was raised by finding some nearly pure galena near the Sac River. There also is coal said to exist, but it has not yet been found. In fact, no search has ever to any great extent been made for mineral or coal in St. Clair County; all that is known has been stumbled on by accident. But so much has thus been discovered that the matter of vast mineral and coal deposits is an estab- lished fact. The agricultural productions of the township cover the whole range of cereals and tobacco. The land is suited to all. and the grasses grow luxuriantly. Stock finds good grazing land and long ranges, and this line of farming could be profitably carried on. POPULATION AND AREA. In area Doyal is somewhat larger than a congressional township, having about forty and a half sections of land or 25,920 acres. The Sac River causes many fractional sections. Her municipal boundary is given as follows on the records: Established and being all of congressional township 37 of range 25, and township 37 of range 26 east of Sac River, excepting section No. 6, township 37 of range 25. June 5, 1872. This is on the north by Osceola, on the east by Dallas, south by Wash- ington and west by Roscoe Townships, striking the Sac River at section 6, township 37, range 25, which divides it from Roscoe. , , HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 1055 Doyal Township's first census was taken under state auspices in 1876,. which gave her a population ot 756. Four years after, 1880, she had gained 82, or a total of 838. This was not more than a natural increase, and therefore cannot be said to be gaining very fast; yet there is room for greater exertion and energy on the part of her people. SCHOOLS. Her school districts number five and a half and a fraction, and her school year has averaged four months. The schools have, the past year, been well kept, with a higher grade of teachers. The school house on section 36 is used by the Christian Church denomination, they having no church building of their own. PLEASANT HILL CHURCH, DISCIPLES OF CHRIST, was organized in 1852, on section 36, township 37, range 26. The orig- inal members were William Dudley and wife, James Dudley and wife, Thomas Piper and wife, Mrs. McMinn, S. S. Stearnes and wife, George Preston and wife, Mrs. Stewart and Thomas Hester and wife. The pres- ent membership numbers fifty, and the church is growing gradually. A church was built in 1861, frame, at a cost of $400. Its pastors have been Revs. H. A. Speed, B. D. Smith, See Byba, E. P. Belshe, G. W. Phillips, W. W. Warren. Elder Cropper and Rev. W. C. Blalock. The present pastor is the Rev. W. W. Warren, who has officiated the past ten years, with the exception of eighteen months, when the pulpit was filled by the Rev. W. C. Blalock and Elder Cropper, ELECTION. The township officers elected in 1874 were: Trustee, William J. Horn; Collector, James S. Nance; Assessor, Thomas F. Heffern; Clerk, Almon Miner. WASHINQTON TOWNSHIP. This is the south central township of the county, being bounded on the north by Roscoe and Doyal Townships, east by Collins Township, south by Hickory County and west by Hickory County and Roscoe Township, and in size is a trifle less than a congressional township, hav- ing 35 J sections, or, in round numbers, 22,720 acres of pretty well assort- ed land, from good to indifferent. In 1872, the following was made its boundaries: TOWNSHIP BOUNDARY. Established and bounded as follows: Commencing at the north- east corner of section 4, township 36, of range 25; thence west to Sac 1056 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. River; thence followinj^ the meanderings of said river to the northwest corner of section 16. townsliip 36. of ranire 26, crossing the river to the Cedar County line; thence south along the Cedar Count)' line to the south line of the county; thence east along the county line to the south- east corner of section 33. township 36, of range 25; thence north to the place of beginning. June 5. 1872. Topographically speaking, W'ashington Township has a very uneven, rolling and broken surface, and has less good agricultural lands ofanyinthe county. It is, however, a splendid stock township, for grasses grow finely and even luxuriantl\-, while water is abundant. There is a wealth of timber in the township, some may be small, but there are some strips well filled with a heavy growth of forest. The Sac River and Brush Creek and Turke}' Creek, furnishes an abundant supply of water, and the principal business should be stock raising. Brush Creek comes in in the southeast corner of the township and flows northwest, emptying its waters into the Sac River. Turkey Creek is on its southwest and runs almost due north and falls also into the Sac, and the township is interlaced with branches flowing into these streams. THE ARRIVALS. Washington Township can claim as being the home of the first set- tler in St. Clair County, Jacob Coonce. Although Mr. Coonce lived one year in Roscoe Township, he moved to Washington in 1832, and ever afterward made it his home. The Gibsons made it their home in 1836, settling on section 15, township 36, range 25; John Haney and Rich- ard Haney on section 16, John Snell on section 33, and John Denson on section 14. These pioneers came in 1S37 and 1838. Elisha Wamsley, Peter Francis and Richard DeShazo all came in 1835, and William Allen in 1836, and settled on section 6; Alfred Burks in 1837, and James Stams in 1839, settling on the Sac River. Jacob Rowe settled on sec- tion 28, in the southwest corner, in 1842. This covers most of the early settlers of Washington; then one of the Gash family and one of the Cul- bertson's settled in this township in 1834, but their precise location or section was hard to find and being ver}' near the Doyal line have prob- ably been credited to that toW^nship, but the\- undoubtedly settled in Washington. POPULATION, ETC. In 1870 Washington, then including Collins Township, had a popu- lation of 599. In 1876, after being despoiled of Collins Township, it had but a population of 301, and in 1880 it had only increased to 346. Washington is not a good cereal township, yet there are some splen- did lands on Brush Creek, and some excellent bottom land on Sac River. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO57 But stock men need not go to Texas for cheap land or extended ranges if they but new the value of this township for stock raising, and its proximity to markets. CHURCHES AND SCHOOLS. Its church facilities are found at the school houses of the township, of which there are three full districts and one half district, connected with Collins. IN MEMORIAL. This sketch is closed with an obituary of Jacob Coonce, the oldest settler in the county, taken fron the Osceola Sun, and no more worthy subject has yet been found to have his memory embalmed in the hearts of the rising generation. Here is the article: Death has again laid his remorseless hand upon one of the citizens of St. Clair, the victim being one of the early pioneers and most estim- able men of the county, whose residence here dates back more than half a century. Jacob Coonce breathed his last at his old homestead in Washington Township on Sunday, April 21, 1878. Uncle Jake, as he was familiarly called, was, at the time of his death, nearly seventy-five years of age. He was born and reared in St. Louis County, Missouri. When just entering the threshold of manhood he went to the mountains in the northwest, remaining there for several years, after which he visited the British colonies, under the leadership of General Dodge. His first visit to the portion of Missouri now com- prising St. Clair County was made in 1827, coming into this region on a hunting and trapping tour, and making his headquarters near where now stands Howard's, or Ritchie's Mill, on Sac River. He then ranged from Gasconade up to the above named point. An Indian trading post was situated upon Sac River on what is now known as the " Captain Harris Farm," and was kept by a man named Hogle. Mr. Coonce permanently settled in St. Clair County in 183 1, locating on the farm where his death occurred forty-seven years later. Having previously obtained permission of the agent of the Osage Indi- ans to make his home where he did, and being naturally of a kind and peaceable disposition, his residence during the stay of the red man in his vicinity was never marred by any trouble. His first neighbors were Daniel Waldo, Daniel Brant, Nick McMinn, Ebenezer Gash and the father of Albert G. Gardner, all of whom have years ago passed into the valley of death. In 1847 Mr. Coonce enlisted for service in the war of the United States with Mexico, joining Captain Smithton's company under General Sterling Price. He served .in this war until its termination in 1848, when he returned to his farm in this county. Uncle Jake and Missouri's famous scout, Kit Carson, were personal friends, and were comrades and fellow- sufferers in some of the western exploring expeditions headed and guided by Carson. When the rebellion arose Mr. Coonce naturally sympathized with the cause of the South, but never took up arms against the government. 67 1058 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. In 1863, when the unsettled state of affairs in Southwest Missouri made it impossible for even a man of his years to remain at home in safety, he removed to Boone County, and passed the next four years at his old occupation of farming. Peace being restored he returned to his farm in Washington Township, twelve miles south of Osceola, where he has since resided. Like the true pioneer. Uncle Jake possessed a most kind and chari- table disposition, and was always ready to assist a fellow-being in dis- tress; generous in all his transactions, he had few enemies and counted his iriends by the score. The weight of many years had caused his once vigorous step to totter in feebleness and dimmed his sight, but the warm impulses of the true man were as strong within him as ever, and deep sorrow for his loss mantles the neighborhood wherein he died. CHAPTER XX. ROSCOE, SPEEDWELL AND TABER TOWNSHIPS. ROSCOE TOWNSHIP— WHAT IT WAS IN 1872— WHEN SETTLED— RELIGION AND EDUCATION —THE VILLAGE OF ROSCOE— WHEN INCORPORATED— 1870 TO 1880— GAZETTE-BUSI- NESS— SPEEDWELL TOWNSHIP-POPULATION, AREA AND BOUNDS-PIONEERS AND HUNTERS-WATER, TIMBER, STOCK AND CEREALS— FAMOUS HUNTERS— TIFFIN -ITS SETTLEMENT, SCHOOLS, ETC.— TAKER TOWNSHIP— WHEN SETTLED AND BY WHOM —VILLAGE OF TABERVILLE-ITS DESTRUCTION- AFTER THE WAR— HEAD OF NAVI- GATION— CHURCHES AND SCHOOL— ADDITION AND PARK. ROSCOE TOWNSHIP is probably the most hilly, mountainous, broken and stony township in this county, excepting Washington. For quarries of fine building stone it has no superior, and some day the wealth of her granite rock may be utilized. Now it is of little value. After leaving the Osage River on her north border, the west and southwest one-third of the township is fine prairie land, and there is another strip in the northeast, covering some six sections, which is rich in soil and of great productive capacity. Its land is strong, and the bottom land of the Osage and Sac Rivers is of very deep alluvial soil, and one of the best tobacco and corn growing bodies of land to be found in the county. GEOGRAPHICALLY AND OTHERWISE. Roscoe Township has considerable more miles of border than any other township, and about as winding and tortuous an one as can well be imagined. The Osage gives it nearly all its northern border, while the Sac makes its eastern line. ROSCOE. Established and bounded as follows, to wit: "Commencing at a point where Sac River empties into the Osage River, in section 31, township 38, range 25; thence west, meandering with said Osage River to a point where said river crosses the township line between tovvnship 38, range 26, and township 37, range 26, crossing the river; thence west on said township line to where it again strikes said river, thence with the river to the section line, where the river crosses, between sections 3 and 4, township 37, range 27; thence south to the county line; thence I060 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. east to the northwest quarter of section i6. township 36, range 26; thence following^ the meanderings of Sac River to the point of be- ginning. " Its position on the map gives its boundaries in connection with other townships as follows: North the Osage River, vvhich separates it from Taber, and parts of Chalk Level and Osceola. On the east the Sac River separates fromOsceola. Do)'al and Washington; south, Doyal Township and Cedar Count}-, and west by Speedwell Township. It is in size the third township in the count)-, being only exceeded by Monegaw and Speedwell. In round numbers it has 62 sections of land, or an acreage of 39,680 acres. It has an abundance of coal in the northern part, and doubtless every kind of mineral that is found in the count}-. Its lead blossoms are rich, giving ever}' indication of large quantities of this metal, and when you combine all the advantages, the wealth that lies under its surface, its fine quaries of many varieties of stone and mar- ble, the richness of its bottom land and its wealth of timber and agri- cultural resources, Roscoe Township has a fine field for future develop- ment and surprising growth in productive wealth. In the state census of 1876, the production of a county was given by townships. In St. Clair Count}', Roscoe held her own. She was first in the yield of tobacco, 14,500; first in hogs, 2,339; first in oats, 11,- 434 bushels; second in horses, 522; third in mules, 119; third in the yield of corn, 136,756 bushels, and seventh in cattle and sheep, having 1,534 of the former and 684 of the latter, and at this da}' these figures are more than doubled. There are no more enterprising and hard working farmers, and none more progressive than those who claim Ros- coe Township as their home. WHEN SETTLED. Roscoe Township has the honor of having the first cabin erected within the limits of St. Clair County, within her border. The noted hunter and trapper, Jacob Coonce, put up the first cabin, and located it on section ii, in the spring of 183 1, and the first corn ever raised in the county was planted b}- him around that cabin. In the following year, 1832, Jacob Coonce moved to Washington Township and settled on Brush Creek. The Kelsos were about the next that settled in the township, and Samuel Kelso settled on what has since been known as Huffman's Ferr}- and Bend. In 1838, David Huffman purchased his claim. The Kelsos then moved to section 5, Taber Township, and soon John Smarr, the first sheriff of St. Clair County, bought them out, and they then started up the river, and managed to drop down on section 32, of the same town- ship, Taber. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO61 Colonel Beal came to this section with a large family, and liking the location, purchased their claim and they moved still on. This last sale was made in 1839. Huffman came from Virginia, .and first settled in 1836, on" section 32, Chalk Level Township, near the Roscoe line, and now owned by N. B. Greene. It was Thomas Kelso who owned the bend and David set- tled on section 6. The Rives County Court granted a license to Huffman at the December term, 1839, to run a ferry at that point, it being the second ferry across the Osage River. Nathaniel Bell, the first representative from the new county of St. Clair, settled on section 33, Lemuel Huffman on the same section, Nich- olas Ganter on section 22, John Burch on section 23 and James Wilson on section 9. Most of these came early in the thirties. Wright Hill had a horse mill in 1837, and this was patronized far and near. Abram Copenhaver settled on section 17 and owned the land on which the town of Roscoe now stands, and John Smith, of peach brandy fame, lived on section 19, and to this latter may be attributed in early times the old pioneers' love for old Roscoe, or then known as Speedwell, or rather might be said Monegaw Township. John Smith's peach and honey was considered worth a few miles' travel, and not a few of the old pioneers made it a business to do some traveling. John and Sabe Cringer lived near Copenhaver and were his neighbors. Ervin Thomas settled on section 10 in 1837, and Joseph Montgom- ery on section 6, west side of the Osage, in 1837. He probably located his claim in 1836, but he was at that time judge of the Rives County Court. He came from Virginia, and died at his home on section 6 in 1854. John Armingtrout settled on section 5 and John Perry on section 4. Both came from Virginia and in the year 1837. Wyatt's Grove on the northwest quarter of the northeast quarter was the location of the county seat for two terms, and it was just north of this line, on section 9, that the fight was made for the location of the county seat in 1841. William Moore settled on section 10, and Horace McDaniels on section 28. These came in 1838. Henry Arterbury came in 1838 also and lived near McDaniel, and was among the first sons-in- law in the county, and the first in Roscoe Township. He married Miss McDaniel in 1839, and Jesse Applegate, justice ot the peace, officiated. They removed after their marriage to Osceola Township, and settled on section 6. A Mr. Ward located the claim on the Roscoe side of the Sac River, upon which in 1841 the Howard & Ritchie mill was built, the first water mill in the county. He came in 1837. John Howard came from Kentucky, and lived a while in Polk Township, and then moved in 1840 to the Ward place, and in the following year erected the mill. There was also a saw mill at the same place. I06j history of ST. CI.AIR COUNTY. SCHOOLS. The hist school was a subscription school, and an old log cabin stood for years, which had been erected in the fall of 183S by the neigh- bors for school purposes. James Hrady taught the first school and he was succeeded in the winter of 1S39 40 t)y Joseph Waldo. This was several }-ears before the organization of school district. After St. Clair became a county, Lewis R. Ashworth also taught a school in 1839, and was tlie first preacher in the township. That old school house also became the first place of worship in the township. The present educa- tional facilities of Roscoe are good. There are eight public school buildings besides a school district formed of a part of Speedwell and a part in Roscoe. These schools are well provided with all the necessary paraphernalia for a good common school education. In this the people of Roscoe have exercised wise fore- thought, v'hich will reap them a glorious harvest ere many years. The Rev. A. R. Ashworth was a minister of the Christian Church. There is now the Pleasant Grove Baptist Church on the western border of the township, which is in a flourishing condition, and there is situ- ated near Roscoe village the " Roscoe Congregation of Disciples of Christ," which was organized in 1871. The names of the original mem- bers of this church were: Mayfield Hoshaw and wife, Valentine Ruck- man, Martha Ruckman, Rebecca Burch, J. M. Quinley, Charles Bedell. Julia Moore, George Hendricks, Malinda Jenkins (colored), Susan Bedell and Nancy Thomas. The church has grown with the growth of the sur- rounding country and has now a membership of fifty. The pastors are Rev. W. W. Warren and Rev. W. C. Blalock. The latter was pastor but one year, and the former, with that exception, since the church was organized and is its present pastor, earnest and faithful to his charge. The first store kept in the township was by Patrick Shields who opened up near the ferry, and at the same time and place a blacksmith shop went into operation by the strong arms of John Iredell, and this was in the spring of 1840. Up the river in 1840 Ebenezer Ball located near where Chalk Level joins Roscoe, about three miles from Huffman's Ferry. WHEN IT BECAME ROSCOE. Roscoe Township came into being Februar)- ii, 1870. The petition was drawn up and circulated in October, 1869, asking for the division of Speedwell Township. This was numerously signed by the " east side " people and presented to the county court in November follo\ving. It then was laid over to the February term, 1870, and the j)ra)-er of the petitioners granted on the day above named. In 1872 her boundaries, as found in the first part of this chapter, were defined and placed upon the HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO63 records. In 1875 the follovving township officers were elected, at the spring election: J. Burch, Collector; J. Dale, Clerk; W. Shackleford, Assessor; C. Breeden, Constable; A. Freeman and J. St. Clair, Justices of the Peace. It is said the original village was located on the river near the ferry, and that not until after the war was it carried to the bluff, its present location. The land was owned by William Goetz. It was then quite a flourishing village, and for many years was, in fact, the largest town in the county, numbering at one time about 600 in population. It was on the southwest trail from Sedalia, in the days of wagons and stage coaches, to the southwest and grew and flourished. The hotel was kept by Matilda Hart, and was erected in 1867. The Missouri, Kansas & Texas Road having been completed from Sedalia to Fort Scott in 1869, or at least through Henry County, caused the rapid decline of Roscoe and the building up of Appleton City. In 1870 it had fallen off nearly one-half and had a population of 302, within twenty-nine even then of being equal in size to Osceola. INCORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF ROSCOE. It being one of the oldest settled towns or villages in the county, it was among the first to aspire to the dignity of an incorporated town. On August 3, 1868, a petition was presented to the county asking for an order of incorporation of the town of Roscoe, and that petition was in words following: Whereas, The petition of Thomas Riggs, G. W. Chrisman, Solo- mon Daniel, James F. Atkinson, Isaac Crowder, F. H. J. Ligon, G. W. Burges, A. S. Hart, James St. Clair, A. F. Edger, S. G. Disbrow, Willet Gardner, Charles W. Gardner, A. C. Shears, D. T. Bartley, R. M. Servis, G. W. Cox, F. Stewart, A. Edwinten, Samuel E. Hoover, Charles J. Shel- lenberger, Jacob Kephart, John Morris, R. C. Gill, M. R. Wilson, B. R. T. Copenhaver, Alonzo Ray. S. K. Marbovey, John H. Simmey, W. W, Dickey, L. W. Folsom, Isaac Bain, Daniel Hackey, L. H. Brown, J. P. Smith, D. P. Shippey and S. H. Duffey has this day been filed, praying this court to incorporate the village of Roscoe in the county of St. Clair and state of Missouri, in pursuance of section i, chapter 41 of general statutes, it is therefore ordered, adjudged and decreed by the court that the inhabitants of all that district of country, situated in the county of St. Clair embraced within the limits hereinafter prescribed, and the inhabitants within such bounds shall be a body politic and corporate by the name and style of "The Inhabitants of the Town of Roscoe," and by that name they and their successors shall be known in law, have per- petual succession unless disincorporated, sue and be sued, plead and be . impleaded, defend and be defended in all courts, and in all actions, pleas and matters whatsoever; may grant, purchase, hold and receive prop- erty, real and personal, within such town and no other (burial grounds and cemeteries excepted), and may lease, sell and dispose of the same 1064 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. for the benefit of the town; may have a common seal, and may break and alter the same at pleasure. The corporate power and duties of said town shall be vested in a board of trustees, to consist of five members. The first board of trustees shall be appointed by the county court, and shall continue in office until successors are elected and qualified, and such successors shall be chosen by the qualified electors residing in said town, on the first Monday in April in every year, and such trustees shall have such powers as is contemplated by the act authorizing the county court to incorporate towns. The corporate limits of said town shall comprise all that district of country situated in the county of St. Clair, to wit: Commencing at the southeast corner of section 17; thence running north along the section line to the center of the main channel of the Osage River; thence up said channel to a point where the section line between section 7 and section 8 crosses the river; thence south along said line to the southwest corner of section 17; thence east to the place of beginning. All in township 37, of range 26. The trustees appointed were William H. Mannering. Jacob Kephart George W. Burgess, Alonzo Ray and James F. Atkinson, and they were to hold their office until their successors were elected and qualified. 1870 TO 1880. From 1870 to 1880, Roscoe still felt the blighting effects of a rail- road town, and was reduced to a population of 172. That was its lowest ebb, and it has now about 250, and will grow as the country settles, and will probably by the next United States census reach her old status. Roscoe lies about ten miles southwest of Osceola, and has school facilities equal to Appleton City, and superior to that of the county seat. Its public school is a fine two story brick building. In 1869, Roscoe aspired to a newspaper, and one was started by I. B. Boyle, and called the Roscoe Gazette. Boyle was somewhat given to intemperance, and after quite a protracted spree at Kansas City, on recovering suffered considerable pain and took morphine to relieve it. He took an overdose and died from its effects September 7, 1870. Charles Daniel had become the publisher and Dr. Kibber the editor, about January 7, 1870, and was continued several months, when it was finally removed to Osceola, the same year. That was the first and last paper published within its classic precincts. Where the present village of Roscoe stands, Abraham Copenhaver lived and erected the first house on its site, but it was then his farm, but moving the town back and over the bluff, placed it on his land. The first house was erected by H. Burch, in 1867. It was a business house, and he was the first merchant. Dr. G. Selsby was the first phy- sician, Jacob Kehart made music from his anvils, and E. M. Lutz, in a minor key, added that of the hammer and saw; these were the first in their respective departments. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO65 The postmasters have been: William H. Manning, Charles Gard- ner, — Parks, Henry Swan, Alonzo Ray, Joseph St. Clair, Miss Shucker, Miss Jessie Allen, Miss Perry Pepper, Frank S. Oyer. The M. E. Church, of which Rev. Proctor is pastor, hold services on every first Sabbath, and on Saturday night previous. The Sabbath school meets every Sunday morning at nine A, M. Roscoe Lodge No. 342, A. F. & A. M., meets on Thursday night on or before the full moon in each month. W. W. Warren is the present W. M., and G. P. Brown is Secretary. Rosebud Grange. No. 817, meets every second and fourth Saturday, at two o'clock, in their hall. The present officers are: J. S. Lewellen, W. M.; V. Ruckman, Lecturer; George P. Brown, Secretary. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. Perry Pepper, Roscoe House. Metcalf & Burch, general merchandise. J. E. Wells, hardware. Thomas Houston, harness. William Butler, general merchandise. A. Waymire, blacksmith. M. Baker, blacksmith. B. F. Pepper, wagon maker. A. C. Marquis, M. D., physician. Thomas Anderson, M. D., physician. Roddy & Addams, millers. Mrs. Lucy Hoshaw, millinery. PLEASANT SPRING CHURCH. Pleasant Spring Baptist Church was organized in 1847, on section 14, some three miles west of Roscoe village. The names are not all given of the original members, but those who joined in organizing the church were: O. Smith, B. T. Morris and wife, Snoden T. Morris and Nancy Morris. The church has grown until it now has ninety-eight members. Its church building was erected in i860, but was destroyed during the late war, and not since rebuilt. Its pastors have been as follows: Revs. O. Smith, John Ford, J. B. Box, John C. Brasher, John T. Metcalf, Harvey Smith, Elder Birdsong, W. B. Belisle and perhaps oth- ers. The Sabbath school is well attended, has sixty pupils on its roll and is ably conducted by W. B. Belisle. M. E. CHURCH, SOUTH. This church was organized in 1870, in the southern part of the township, by J. H. Pyles, Jacob Smith and wife, Mrs. Kirkland, Mrs. I066 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Jane Pyles, William Robertson, Sr. and wife, William Robertson, Jr. and wife, Richard Robertson and wife and J. C. McDonald and wife. From this small beginning the church has grovvm and prospered, and has now a membership of ninety. They built a neat frame church in the spring of 1881, costing $500. The names of the pastors who officiated as such, are here given in their order: Revs. Armstrong, Joseph Breeding, W. T. Banner, R. W. Reynolds, J. N. Anthony, — Barrenburg, W. D. Stew- art and J. M. Proctor. Connected with the church is a Sunday school of sixty scholars, under the the superintendenc}' of Richard P)'les. SPEEDWELL TO\YNSHIP is celebrated in song and story for her renowned hunters of pioneer days. Speedwell Township is one of the six original townships, and included within her borders the present territory of Roscoe. It was of course laid out at the May term of the county court in 1841. The present township is divided about equally between prairie and timber, and is a good cereal and stock township. It has, since 1870, been steadily grow- ing, and adding during the last decade about 90 per cent to its popula- tion has done it by a general average each year or each five years. In 1870 her population was 606 1875 882 1880 1,133 This was a gain of 276 in the first five years, and 251 the last half of the decade, or 527 for the entire decade. This is not quite up to the average of the entire county, but it will do. AREA AND BOUNDS. This township is the largest in the county and will average about seven and a half miles north and south, by nine miles in width, east and west. The Osage River which constitutes her northern boundary line is not altogether straight in its course, and it would require the count of her fractional sections to give her exact area in acres, but in round num- bers she has some 44,000, and perhaps a few acres over. Her general boundary can be described as follows: On the north by the Osage River^ east by Roscoe Township, south by Cedar County, and west by Vernon County. In 1872 the several municipal boundaries of the county were made a matter of record, and in the following will be found the congres- sional township and range, which gives her geographical boundaries. SPEED\YELL. Established and bounded as follows, to wit: Commencing at that point between sections 3 and 4, in township 37, range 27, where the HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO67 Osage River crosses the line between said sections, thence following the meanderings of said river to the west line of the county, thence south on county line to the south line of the county, thence east to the southeast corner of section 9, township 36, range 27, thence north to the place of beginning. THE ARRIVAL OF PIONEERS. Among those who came in the last half of the thirties were Allen Phillips, who settled on section 8, township 36, range 28, almost in the southwest corner of the township. James Anderson about the same time settled on section 11, township 37, range 28. They were probably the first but were not left long the monarchs of all they surveyed. Uncle John Whitley, always called so by the early settlers, and John R. Whit- ley, a son, James Breckenridge, Ben Burch and a few other followed the first named closely. Uncle John settled on section 8, town 37, range 27; Breckenridge on section 22, same township and range; and Benjamin Burch on section 4, in same township and range. There were William Bacon section 18; Hamilton Morris, Benjamin T. and Snowdon Morris, all brothers; the first settling on se'ction 28. Benjamin on section 14 and the latter on section 11; James S. McKinley on section 16 In town- ship 37, range 28, came Uriah Sutherland, a prominent citizen of the county; James Breckenridge, one of the noted hunters, settling on sec- tion 22; William and Frank Roark, also famous; and Benjamin F. Sny- der on section 24, who well remembers the perils of the early days. WATER, TIMBER AND PRODUCTION. Those who lived in Speedwell Township are not deficient in love and belief in the superior attractions of that township, and to hear some of them talk a belief in a sort of heaven upon earth would creep unsus- pectingly into the mind of the hearer. Clear Creek, which takes its name from its clear and sparkling water, enters the township in the southwest corner, runs north in a very crooked and tortuous manner to near the center of the township and then, as serpentine in its course as a stream can well be, crosses the township in a northeasterly direction and empties in the Osage. The rippling waters of the Little Clear Creek rises in the central southern part of the township, running north discharges its waters in its larger namesake. These beautiful streams and their branches water the entire township, and its wooded hills and ravines and its beautiful undulating prairies makes it indeed a fair land to look upon, and per- haps her enthusiastic citizens are not far out of the way in claiming for it something of the nature of the promised land. I068 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. STOCK AND CEREALS. Speedwell Township in its productions stood, in 1876, first in sheep, having 1,349 head; second in cattle, with 1,968; third in horses, with 459; fourth in corn, with 131,9150 bushels, and fifth in hogs, with 1,563 head, in the list of municipal townships. BAND OF FAMOUS HUNTERS. There are many incidents in all parts of the country of the life of the early settlers, pioneers who came west before the era of steamboats, railroads and telegraph, and of which they knew nothing for many after years, except from transient travelers, or some item from a stray news- paper which had found its way to their cabin. This want of knowledge of the result of man's genius was the occa- sion of one of the most ludicrous episodes that ever happened in this or any other county. It was the trip of the first steamboat on the Osage River as far up as St. Clair County, whose whistle had a most unearthly screech and roar, more like that of "an infuriated wild beast of the jun- gles than that of a steam whistle. The facts and incidents of this strange theme will be found in the " Old Settlers." the opening of St. Clair County history, but the band of hunters who made themselves famous belong to Speedwell Township, and therefore she is not only entitled to being a land of promise, but of having the most noted and famous band of hunters who ever drew a bead upon a denizen of the forest, whose names will ever remain high on the roll of fame among the noted hunt- ers of pioneers days. Their names are here given to history, as well as to the memory of those who were their neighbors and friends. NAMES. John Whitley, James Breckenridge, Benj. Burch, William Roark, Frank Roark, Benjamin F. Snyder, Hamilton Morris, Benjamin T. Mor- ris, James Anderson, Snowden Morris, John R. Whitley and William Bacon. It is reported that William Randolph, who settled on section 22 near James Breckenridge, was also one of the band, but not his brother Joseph, who settled on section 9, both in township 37 of range 28. ROCK HOUSE. This is the name of a cave in the bluffs which overlooks the Osage River at what is called " Whitley's Bend." It is a beautiful cave, with an entrance wide enough for a man to pass through on horseback, and the rocks around and high up the mountain bluff have quaint figures cut into them and names which few can understand. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. I069 It was the rendezvous of the Indians for ages. No doubt with care- ful examination this cave could be found far more extensive than is now even supposed. Not far beyond is another and smaller cave, which connects by a narrow passage with the larger one. The grown men of the neighbor- hood know little of these caves, but their children (boys) can give some wonderful accounts of the numerous passages to be found leading from both the large and smaller cave. These caves are found all along the banks of the Osage, but excite but little interest or curiosity among the people; some living close by for years have never yet seen them. They are well worth scientific exploration, which would develop undoubtedly much that would be found valuable in regard to the mineral resources of the county, as well as food for the curious in the geological formation of the country. WHEN DISMEMBERED. In February, 1870, Roscoe Township, as now formed, was taken from the territory of Speedwell, leaving her boundaries as here described. The same year, the farmers, or a portion of them, associated them- selves with a few farmers of Bacon Township, in Vernon County, joining, and organized a farmers' club. This was on April 9, 1870, and the fol- lowing officers were elected: Joseph Lewis, President; Dr. William Long, Vice-President; B. Robinson, Secretary; J. A. Purinton, Corres- ponding Secretary. It was called the Osage Farmers' Association, and held its organi- zation until 1873, when it was united to or swallowed up by the Patrons of Husbandry, or Granges. These latter continued until the Greenback- ers took possession of the township in 1878. ITS CAPITAL. Speedwell maybe called exclusively an agricultural and stock town- ship, with cotton rock and sandstone sufificient for building purposes, but it has no large town, or very much of a village within its limits. TIFFIN. This little village is the capital of Speedwell Township, and is the only village, as well as post office within its limits. Tiffin is located on section 13, in township 37, of range 28, but close to range 27, and at the confluence of Little Clear Creek with Big Clear Creek. It has a hand- some location, a rich country around it, and will prove a village of no small importance in the coming years. Clear Creek is quite a large stream here, and a mill was put up a few years ago known as Pape's Mill. I070 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Gideon Pape owned the land, and put up the first store in connection with his mill, in 1876. In July of the same year, the first post office in Speedwell Township was given it, with Gideon Pape postmaster, keeping the place at his store. Gideon Pape is still postmaster, and keeps a general store. Theodore Wemley, drug store; William H. Pollet, phy- sician and surgeon; Mr. Seby, blacksmith, and Henry Lockliter, wagon maker. The ferry across Big Clear Creek is in charge of John E. Vogel. The saw mill, which had been running so many years closed out a few months since. The town was surveyed and platted in April, 1878, Ralph C Bowles, county surveyor, surveyed and laid out the town that year and month. Tiffin will grow and Speedwell Township will increase in population and prosper, because she has a soil and climate, which is all that need be demanded, and an enterprising and industrious people. That is the reason, and it is all sufficient. SCHOOL. Her educational facilities are first class, having no less than eight school districts, besides one divided between her and Roscoe. There is not a child within the township but has the opportunity to receive a good common school education, and they have done it for the people have organized these number of schools for the express purpose of seeing that their children have not the want of learning, as was the fate of the old pioneers. TABER TO^VNSHIP. This township lies on the western border of the county with Apple- ton and Monegaw Townships on the north, Monegaw and Chalk Level on the east, with the bend of the Osage. That river on the south, sep- arating it from Roscoe, Speedwell and Bates County on the west. It is a large township, something in the shape of a shoe, being some twelve miles wide on the south side, extending across to congressional township No. 3, and an average of six and a half miles, north and south in range 28. In round numbers its area is about 38,000 acres of land, and four- fifths of it as rich and inviting prairie land as the eye need dwell upon. Its water supply is the Osage River on the south, in the northeast the Big Monegaw, and upon these streams will be found about all the timber in the township. The eastern portion lying south of Monegaw Town- ship has a considerable growth of young oaks, which covers some ten or twelve sections of land. In its coal area it is the third township in the county, the whole northeast being underlaid with it, the veins being from two to six and a half feet in thickness. Monegaw and Appleton Townships may have more coal than Tabor, and Chalk Level comes in i HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. lO/B as fourth. Some day there will be immense wealth taken out of the bowels of the earth in this and adjoining townships. The coal is supe- rior to the Rich Hill coal, and is, to a great extent, the quality known as gas coal. It is superior to that used for heating and cooking pur- poses, called steam coal. FIRST SETTLERS. They came in the year 1836, and a few may have been scattered here and there a year or two sooner. There was a cabin erected on the northwest corner of section 36, the fractional part lying in Taber and west of the river bend. It was put up in 1835. It was called the Green farm, or place, but little is known of the man, when he really came, or where from, or where he went to. Robert H. Sproull, of Virginia, came in 1836 and settled on the northwest quarter of section 12, township 38, range 28. He was a con- nection of Joseph Montgomery, and came the same time, the latter, however, locating on section 6, Roscoe Township, on the west side of the river and bend. Mr. Sproull was followed by John Smarr, in 1836, who bought out David Kelso's claim on section 6, township 37, of range 27. Kelso moved further west, settling on 32, same township, but in range 28, and in 1838, the Beal family arrived and bought out Kelso- again. The Beals all came from Virginia, and there were a good many of them, Charles was the old man, and Robert, William, Jordan, George and two or three more, and two of the same name, Samuel and James Beal, but they belonged to another family. William P. Burck" was a son-in-law of Beal's, and settled on section 35. He, also, came from Virginia. Martin McFerran, well and widely known in those days, settled on the same section. Cyrus V. Robinson joined him on section 34, 38, 27, in 1838. McFerran came in 1837. Robert Shortess- came also in 1837, and was a neighbor of Robinson's, settling on the same section, 34. He came from Ohio. James Masterson came soon after. These were the principal early settlers, and all came prior to the year 1839. The Younces also settled in this township in 1838, though some have located them in Monegaw and others in the southeast corner of Appleton. A very complete history of this family and three or four neighbors, is given in the third chapter of St. Clair County history. The first birth in the township was a daughter of Mrs. Younce, and the first death, also, fell to her lot in the loss of a little two year old daughter,, the first year they came. WHEN FORMED. Taber Township kept pace with the general population of the coun- ty, not as rapid growth in early days, but steady. 1072 IIISTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. It was then a part of Monegaw Township and did not come into existence until 1870, and then too late to reap the Denefit of the census of that year. Monegaw was then the largest township and had the largest population. At the August term of the county court in 1870 Taber Township was formed and her boundary described as follows: Is composed of all that part of Monegaw Township south of the township line between township 38 of range 28 and township 39 of range 28, and west of the west line of Chalk Level Township. The township thus remained for two years, when, under the new township organization law, Taber's METES AM) BOUNDS were given as follows: Established and bounded as follows, to wit: Commencing at the center of the main channel of the Osage River where the township line between township 38, range 26, and township 38, range 27, where said line crosses said Osage River; thence north with said township line to the northeast corner of section 24 in township 38; range 27; thence west along the section line to the southwest corner of section 18, said town- ship and range; thence north to the northeast corner of township 38, range 28; thence west along the township line to the northwest corner of said township; thence south along the township line to the center of the main channel of the Osage River; thence along the main channel of the river to the place of beginning. The people of Taber have not been as energetic it would seem as some other portions of the county; has been more inclined to take things as they came than to make any extraordinary attempt in pro- gressive work. Yet Taber is a fine field for the agriculturist, and if there is any virtue in good land easy of tillage Taber ought to advance, and that rapidly. Perhaps the soil is too rich, and a living comes with so little exer- tion, that indolence instead of energy has got the upper hand. Not all are so, but take the township together and it is not noted for energy or much progress. It will, however, be easy to inaugurate an era of prog- ress, for there is nothing wanted but energy, and but little of that if perseverance is added. As before stated, Taber Township was organized too late for the census of 1870, but in 1880 her population numbered 951 souls, being the seventh in that line in the county. In 1876 her population was an even 700, so that the gain since then has been fair — something like 35 per cent, in four years, or about ninety per cent, for the decade. It should more than double itself the present decade. In stock and cereal it is up to the average, and in flax leads all other townships. If its advantages were onl}- known, Taber Township vwould come to the front rapidly. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO73 VILLAGE OF TABERVILLE. The village of Taberyille was laid out in the year 1859, and was sur- veyed and platted by Robert H. Sproull. The land upon which the village rested belonged to Dr. Taber. He formed a company and had the village platted as above stated. They included some twenty-five acres in the town plat. Dr. Taber, who was at the head of the town company, built the first house, a store building, and opened the first store, keeping a general stock, suited for country trade. A blacksmith shop was also started. The first physician was Dr. James Smith, who had practiced several years previous in the township and in Speedwell. It finally reached a population of about 250 to 300 people. In the winter of 1862-3, the Fed- eral troops took possession, the town being held alternately by the mili- tia and the state troops. The latter had possession in the summer of 1863. After holding possession some eight or nine months, the troops left, and the bushwhackers made a descent upon it as a Federal post, and destroyed all the business houses, leaving the dwelling houses all standing, and doing no futher damage. A Mr. Roundtree kept store also. It was the second store in the place. A Mr. Purienton kept a store there for about five years, and boasts of a large trade, for he is still in the business, a good portion coming from Bates County. The hotel was kept by Brown Hill. Dr. Taber started the first ferry across the Osage at that point, in 1858, and then he was followed some years later by Milton Heath, and was called Heath's Ferry. In 1871, it had a good grist and saw mill, and in 1875, a woolen mill flourished, owned by Dr. Long and others. The flouring mill was owned by Messrs. Rycroft & Moore, and was called the Taberville Mill. It is now doing duty at Appleton City. After the war Captain Cornelius, the efficient and popular deputy county clerk, opened a store in Taberville, and continued business for some time. His forte, however, is looking after the county affairs through his spectacles in the clerk's office. The town has seen its worst days, has touched the bottom round of the ladder, and will now and henceforth rise. Slowly it may be, but the opening is upward and it must ascend. THE HEAD OF NAVIGATION. The town of Taberville may be considered to be at the head of nav- igation on the Osage River. In high water boats have ascended the river to Papinville, in Bates C-ounty, but there are too many bars and shoal places above it to make it safe for boating. It is beautifully situ- ated on the north bank of the Osage, and has a splendid view of the magni£cent prairies which surround it on every side — a country that is 1074 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. rich in productiveness and ought to sustain a village ten times the size of the capital city of Taber Township. Just what the population is at this time is hard to state. In 1870 the census gave it a population of 160, and in 1880 it was not thought large enough to be mentioned, yet it must have nearly a hundred citizens living in or near it. The Whitley prairies lie to the north and east and all around it is plain to be seen an agricultural garden, and as the oldest town in the county with the equal, if not the superior, of any in the county in its surroundings, there is no reason why Taberville should not become, in a few years, a city at least of the fourth class. But she cannot sleep for four or five years if she expects to grow. CHURCH AND SCHOOL. A very laudable enterprise has been started the past year, that of building up a church and an educational institute of the first class. The beauty and healthfulness of the location commends it to all, and there is no reason why a flourishing educational institute should not be sus- tained when it becomes known. Quite a large number of citizens donated land to the church for the purpose above mentioned. Mr. John Hill donated twenty-five acres to the church adjoining the town of Taberville. Milton Heath gave five acres, with several fine sulphur springs upon it. Waldo P. Johnson con- tributed ten acres, and R. A. Gregory donated timber for the church building. It is a M. E. Church, and the school, etc. will be under its care. On the twenty-five acres donated by Mr. Hill, it is proposed to plat a town and call it Mount Taber, and will be an addition to the old town. The five acres contributed by Mr. Heath, is reserved for a park and pleasure ground, and the very valuable sulphur springs are taken care of. This five acres has a splendid grove of forest trees, and upon this beautiful spot in August, 1882, a camp meeting was held. The present year (1883), it is expected that both church and school buildings will be erected, and a school term opened the coming fall. The park ground is all fenced. MOUNT TABER CHRISTIAN CHURCH was organized March 4, 1882, in the Burns Schoolhouse, with the follow- ing members: H. L. Pheris and wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Tremain, Langhorn Dade and wife, Mrs. Sarah Willis, Nancy Cockrell, William H. Boatman, Alonzo Jennings, Mrs. Eunice Binns, Mrs. Tabitha Binns, and Mrs. Mol- lie Pingrey. The present membership is twenty-two. Arrangements have been made to erect a church building on section 27, township 38, range 27, which is one of the finest locations in the township, or even in the county. The church building is to be completed the present yearr 188:1. HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. IO73, In addition, there is in the township of Taber an M. E. church, sit- uated on section 19, township 38, range 27, a neat frame building,' put up at a cost of $750, in 1880. There are also eight public school districts in the townships, all well fitted up for the educational advancement of the pupils attending, and in this respect Taber Township has kept fully to the front in educational interests and progress. With all her advant- ages, energy, on the part of her people, will make her future one of great promise. BIOGRAPHICAL. zr^ ^Mrc « b - i» — i' — ^ 6 '^^ — -I — e) OSCEOLA TOWNSHIP. WILLIAM E. BELL, M. D., was born in Polk County, Missouri, in 1847, and is the son of Robert H. Bell, M. D., a native of Lexington, Kentucky, born in 18 19. He studied medicine in Lexington, and graduated at the Transylvania college in that city. Coming to Missouri, he settled in Polk County, practicing there and in Benton County for fifteen years, and then removed to Pet- tis County, where he is now a prominent physician. William's mother was formerly Sarah M. Ferguson, a Kentuckian by birth. He was the oldest of five children. While young, he fitted himself for the practice of medicine, studying with his father as percepter. He received a good acedemic education, and after a thorough preparation he practiced in Polk County two years, and for two years in Benton and Hickor}- Counties. He attended two full courses of lectures at the medical col- lege in St. Louis, where he was graduated in 1879. I" September, 1880, he came to Osceola, where he secured a good practice. He is making the diseases of women and children a specialty, and when not otherwise engaged, his time is taken up in the investigation of diseases, and keep- ing up with the new complications and their remedies. Few men of his age have made a more enviable reputation than Dr. Bell. PARIS BROWN, farmer and stock raiser, section 27, was born in Washington County, Kentucky, August 12, 1838, and was the son of Wesley Brown, of Ken- tucky, who died in 1846. His mother, Elizabeth (Peters) Brown, with her family came to Washington County, Missouri, in 1848, and was there married to Thomas Calvird, who died in 1868, his widow dying in 1879. BIOGRAPHICAL. IO77 Of the first family of six children Paris was the third. By the second marriage there were five children. Paris was reared principally in this county, and with the habits of industry instilled in his youth he has been successful in securing a valuable farm of 480 acres, and he is recognized as one of St.- Clair County's prominent farmers. Mr. Brown married Mary Jane Peebly July 11, 1855. She died June 10, 1862, leaving one child, James H. He afterward married Mary Ann Wilkerson. She died in 1868, and left one child, Mary Ida. Mr. B. married Mrs. Lucinda, widow of John Flemming, in 1870. They have five children: Wesley, Mary Ann, Silas H., and Charles and William, (twins). Politically he is a Republican. He belongs to the M. E. Church, South. ALONZO A. CLEVELAND, farmer, stock raiser and dealer, section 13, was born in Randolph County, Indiana, December i, 1853, and was the son of Morgan H. Cleveland, of New York, who married Miss Lucinda Brandon, of Ohio, a daughter of John Brandon, originally from Ireland. They had nine children. Mor- gan Cleveland was a merchant for thirty-five years in one town in Indiana. He went to California in 1849, ^'"'d remained long enough* to acquire quite a fortune, and on his return he bought 1,600 acress of land. He came to St. Clair County, Missouri, in 1865, and died in 1870. Alonzo A. received a good education in youth, and had advantages of a thor- ough business training in his father's store. At the age of eighteen, he commenced teaching school, and followed it at intervals for several years. In 1878 he started a store in Chalk Level, and after conducting it four years, sold out and bought his present farm of 140 acres. Polit- ically he is a very active Greenbacker, having done much in organizing the party. LEWIS CONAUT, dealer in general merchandise, was born in Androscoggin County, Maine, in May, 1830, being the son of Benjamin Conaut, of Bridgewa.ter, Massachusetts, who was a soldier in the war of 18 12. His father, Lott Conaut, was also born in Massachusetts and participated in the revolu- tionary war. Benjamin's wife, formerly E. Staples, was born in Maine. Lewis was the eighth child of a family of ten children. In 1853 he emi- grated to VanWert County, Ohio, and after several business ventures engaged in the grocery and provision trade and as agent for the Ameri- can Encyclopedia, in which he was satisfactorily successful. He enlisted during the war and served four months. In 1866 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and in 1870 engaged in his present business with W. A. Dale as partner, and after two years he bought Mr. Dale's interest. He is the oldest merchant in the city. John Butcher was with him for 1 078 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. eleven months and James H. Linney was his partner fifteen months. In 1882 he put in operation an apple evaporator, and in the fruit season did a successful business. He was married January i, 1862, to Miss Ange- lina S. Williamson, daui^hter of John W. Williamson, a native of New Jersey. They have three children: Lewis H., Arthur B. and Albert E. Mr. C. is a Republican in politics and his religious belief is with the Universalists. He is a Mason and a member of the A. O. U. W. fra- ternity. CAPTAIN BENJAMIN F. COOK was born in Franklin County, Virginia, August 31, 18 16. His father, John Cook, who was born in Franklin County, Virginia, was the son of Captain James Cook, of the same state, who was killed at Sansbury, South Carolina, in the Revolutionary war. The family are of English descent and are from the same locality as was Captain Cook the navi- gator. The mother of Benjamin was formerly Aura Belcher, of Vir- ginia, and of French ancestry. Their family consisted of nine children of whom Benjamin was the sixth. He was reared there and learned the trade of tobacconist, working at that employment forty-four years. In 18^8 he came to Missouri and settled in St. Clair County on a farm. In 1862 he organized a company of Union troops for the Sixtieth Regi- ment Enrolled Missouri Militia and was elected captain. Afterwards Company H, of the Provisional Regiment was raised and he was put in command. In the spring of 1864 he organized a company of volunteer mounted militia whose duty it was to keep track of marauding parties, in which capacity he acted until the close of the war. In 1863 he was elected a member of the state legislature, performing the duties of that position with much ability. Mr. Cook married Miss Julia A. F. Mitchell in September, 1842. She died in 1849, leaving three children: William B., Mary E. and Lafayette. In 1850 he married Susan A. F. Meridith, daughter of James Meridith, of Virginia. They have seven children : Sarah V., Eliza D., Susan E., James H., John Rives, Mirand A. and William R. Politically Mr. C. is a Republican. He is an active mem- ber of the Grange. ALFRED GRIFFITH CORNELIUS, deputy county clerk, was born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in 1825, and is the son of James Cornelius, of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, who was mar- ried in 1820 to Elizabeth PLUiott. Her father, James Elliott, came from Ireland. In 1837 the family moved to Morgan County, Ohio, where Mr. C. was engaged in business for many years. Mrs. Cornelius died in 1872, and her husband in 1880. Alfred G. received a good primar}- edu- cation at home, and then entered Granville College, remaining two BIOGRAPHICAL. IO79 years and qualifying himself for teaching school, which profession he followed for some time. In the spring of 1853 he formed a partnership with his father in the drug trade in Morgan County, which he continued for two years. Selling out he embarked in general merchandising, in 1857, but soon after was burned out. In i8S9he opened a grocery store and continued the business until 1861. In July of the same year he enlisted in the Twenty-fifth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Com- pany H, and was appointed orderly sergeant. His regiment partici- pated in the second battle of Bull Run and he was also in many of the engagements of the Potomac. For meritorious conduct he was pro- moted to lieutenant, and then to captain, and made a capable and effi- cient officer. After returning home, in October, 1865, he came to Mis- souri and farmed in Johnson County until 1869, when he resumed gen- eral merchandising, this time in Taberville. In 1878 he sold out. In the spring of 1879 he was appointed deputy county elerk, and served three years. In the spring of 1883 he was again appointed deputy county clerk. Mr. C. married Miss Emaline Miller, of Pennsylvania, in 1854. They have three children: A. Branch, Edward M. and Kate M. The latter married Mr. Thomas David, of this city. Politically he is a Democrat, and he is a Royal Arch Mason. FRANZ POWELL DANIEL, " harness and saddle manufacturer, was born in Poland, Prussia, February 19, 1836, his parents being John and Hannah W. Daniel. He learned the harness trade, commencing when fourteen years of age, and in Octo- ber, 1857, he enlisted in the German army, in the cavalry service, and was detailed as saddlemaker of the regiment. June 28, 1866, he emi- grated to America, and settled in Chicago, Illinois, where he worked at his trade. He came to Osceola, Missouri, December 28, 1868, and in April of the next year he opened a harness shop, and is now proprietor of the oldest establishment in town, and he is having a prosperous trade. Mr. Daniel married Miss Antonia Dierfield, of Germany, in January, 1863. She died in Chicago June, 1867, leaving one son, Powell. His second wife was Bertha Dierfield (sister of his first wife). By this mar- riage they have four children: George. Agatha, Tell and Anna. Mr. D., politically, is a Democrat, and he is also a member of the A. O. U. W. and Masonic fraternity. THOMAS ADDISON EMERSON, blacksmith and wagonmaker, was born in Cumberland County, Ken- tucky, in 1849. His father, Samuel R. Emerson was born in Green County, Kentucky, in 1801. His grandfather came from Ireland. Thomas' mother, Elizabeth H. Bledsoe was born in Cumberland County, Ken- lOSo HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. tucky. Her father was Benjamin B, Bledsoe, of England. Samuel Emerson came to Missouri, and settled in Georgetown, Pettis County, in 185 1, making a claim on the land where Sedalia now stands. He was an attorney for many years, and after living in Taney, Benton, and John- son Counties, he finally located in Bolivar, Polk County, and bought a farm, and for a while divided his time between farming and his profes- sion. He subsequently devoted his time to the farm until his death in 1865. His widow died in 1871. He was the third son of a family of seven, all of whom were attorneys. The subject of this sketch is the eighth of nine children, of whom but three sons survive: Samuel P., W. B.. and Thomas A., and all are blacksmiths. In 1869, Mr. E. came to this city, and is now doing a good business at his trade. He married Miss Sally E. Prock, October 26, 1874. She is the daughter of Ambrose Prock. They have two children: Ralph, and Rosa Bell. Politically he is a Greenbacker. He was deputy sheriff of this county and jailor for five years. JOSEPH L. ENGLISH, was born in St. Louis, February 12, 1830. His father, E. English, who was born in Norfolk, Virginia, in 1788, was a carpenter by trade, and came to St. Louis in 1816. He married Miss Catherine Foulks, born in Pennsylvania, March 18, 1800. Her father was Christopher Foulks, originally from Germany, and a tobacconist by calling. Mr. English died in St. Louis, August 14, 1866, and his wife died Novem.ber 28, 1882. They raised a family of twenty-one children, twelve boys and nine girls, Joseph L. being the seventh. He learned the tinner's trade at his birth place, and when twenty-one years of age went to Chester, Illinois, and open a tin and stove store. In one year he sold out, and returned to St. Louis, and commenced the brewing business, which he continued for four years. In 1853, he came to Warsaw, and resumed the tin and stove business. In i860, he came to Osceola, and conducted a drug business with Washington Dorrell. In 1862, Osceola was burned, and his stock shared the fate of the city. After remaining here for a year, he returned to St. Louis, entering into work for the government at his trade, and continuing it until the close of the war. After one year's residence in Sedalia, he came to Osceola, and in 1867, formed a partnership with William Shelton, and they built the first tin and stove store in town, and one of the first buildings erected in the town. Since 1870, he has been alone, doing a very successful business. In 1883, on account of poor health, he disposed of his stock of goods and stoves and retired from business. In 1855, he married Miss Mary Dorrell, the daughter of Dr. W. Dorrell. She died in 1870, leaving two children, Alonzo and Lillie. His second wife was Sarah M. Stovall, of Franklin County, whom he married in 1873. Her father was Thomas Stovall. They have two child- BIOGRAPHICAL. lOSl ren, Thomas and Maud. Mr. English votes the Democratic ticket. Mrs. E. is a member of the Baptist Church. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. and the A. O. U. W. fraternities. JOHN NATHANIEL EVERETT was born in Henry County, Missouri, February 28, 1858, his parents being Simeon and Ann Rebecca (Thornton) Everett, Virginians by birth. The father of the former was Nathaniel Everett, also of Vir- ginia, his wife being a daughter of J. T. Thornton, of Virginia, born in 1800. Simeon Everett came to Missouri and settled in Henry County in 1842, John T. Thornton having located there in 1839. ^^ owned the ferry across Grand River in Osage Township. Mr. Thornton is now eighty-three years of age and has been deaf for thirty years. He now lives with his daughter, Mrs. A. R. Everett, in Brownington. The sub- ject of this sketch worked hard on the farm from the time he was a small boy until 1870, when the family moved to Clinton, and he entered the Democrat office and learned the printer's trade. He worked in that office eleven years. He came to this city in October, 1882, and is now foreman of the Voice printing office. Mr. Everett married Miss Maggie Schrewsberry April 3, 188 1. They have one child, Nellie May, born September 14, 1882. Politically, he is a Democrat. He belongs to the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. JOHN C. FERGUSON. "Died at his residence at Osceola, Missouri, November 15, 1881, John C. Ferguson, in the thirty-seventh year of his age." This brief notice tells of the closing of the life of one of the most brilliant, accom- plished -and rising young men in the state. He came to Osceola in the year 1868, commenced the practice of law, and it was not long ere his mental strength manifested itself. In 1870 he was appointed prosecut- ing attorney for St. Clair County, and in 1872 was elected to the lower house of the general assembly, where he became, by his ability, one of the leading members of that body, although one of its youngest. Public attention was attracted to him by the able and vigorous manner in which he advocated and defended the celebrated "Assumption Bill."' He was chosen presidential elector for this district in 1876 and made a brilliant canvass. But in no sphere was labor so congenial or his repu- tation greater than in his chosen profession. As a lawyer he was learned and able, a safe and judicious counsellor, a bright and polished orator; he stood throughout the southwest with but few equals and no superior. As a citizen he was ever ready to aid and assist in every movement to advance the interests of his county and her people. As a man he was I082 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTV. modest and retiring, generous to a fault, scorned a mean act and had a contempt for shams. Ever kind and considerate to the poor, his very last act while on his bed of sickness was one of charity. He was ever tender to the weak, only defiant to the strong. He was married in 1873 to Miss Mary F. Outhwait, who, with two children, a boy and girl, sur- cive him. ANDREW MONROE FUOUA, proprietor of the Leveta Mills, was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, in 1823, and was the son of Colonel Washington Fuqua, of Virginia, who moved to Kentucky in an early day. In 185 1 he went to Edgar County Illinois, where he lived until his death in 1879. Andrew's mother was formerly Rebecca Wilson, a Kentuckian by birth, and of Irish descent. She died in 1875. They had a familj' of fourteen child- ren of whom Andrew M. was the fourth child. He worked while a bo\- with his father at the carpenter trade, and when seventeen years old he went to milling, building and repairing mills, etc. In 185 i he moved to Coles Counly, Illinois, and settled on a farm, and fitted up a horse- power saw mill which he operated winters. He afterwards built a steam saw and grist mill. In 1867 he came to Missouri and settled in Osceola. He first repaired a mill on Ogle Creek, in Hickory Cou..ty. He then bought and repaired one on Weaubleau Creek. Purchasing an old mill at Warsaw, he set it up at Taberville, but subsequently disposed of it and came to Osceola in 187 1, erecting the first grist mill in the place. He is a half owner of the Eclipse Mills, of this city which his son runs, and also owns and conducts the Leveta Mills besides a fine saw mill. He has owned and operated seven different mills in the county. Mr. Fuqua married Miss Ellen Saunders, in 1845. She died in 1847, leaving one child, Marion. He married for his second wife, Malina Grose in 1847. They have four sons: James E., David P., Joseph N. and Rile\' F., all millers. One son, William, while at work on a railroad was killed by the cars, and another son, John, died in Illinois. JAMES E. FUQUA was born in Fleming County, Kentucky, June 23, 1850. He came to Missouri with his father in 1867 and settled in Taberville, St. Clair County, where he remained for some time. James E. has been educated to the milling business, and in connection with his father who owns one- half of the Eclipse Mills, he has operated and owned more saw and grist mills in St. Clair County than any other man in the county. Mr. Fuqua married Miss Anna E. Shields October 20, 1873. They have four child- ren: Laura, Beeta, Edmond and John. Crickett died September 5, 1882. Politically he is a Democrat. BIOGRAPHICAL. IO83 J. WADE GARDNER, M. D. In the latter part of the last century, the grandfather of our subject, emigrated from Scotland to America, settling in Virginia, where he farmed until his death. His son, Robert F. Gardner, was born August 7, 1805, in Campbell County, Virginia. He located in Marshall County, Tennessee, in 1838, and in 1841 settled in St. Clair County, Missouri, where he died when fifty-six years old, in October, 1861. J. Wade Gardner, the eldest of five children of Robert T. and Susan B. (Beck) Gardner, was born in Marshall County, Tennessee, May 10, 1839, and when but two years old was brought by his parents to St. Clair County, where they gave him his early education in the schools of Osceola. In his eighteenth year he began the study of medicine under Dr. G. W. DoUel, with whom he remained three years. In 1859 ^^ located in Dal- las, Texas, but after remaining a short time he returned to Missouri, and entered upon the practice of medicine, and connected with it the drug business in Wellsville, Dade County. At the breaking out of the war in 1861, he removed to Neosho, and was in charge of a hospital under General Rains' command until January, 1862, when he went to Arkansas- The following June, on his return to Pineville, McDonald County, Mis- souri, he was taken prisoner, but was released upon taking the oath of allegiance to the United States' government, and in July, 1862, returned to Osceola. He remained on his father's farm, practicing medicine in the neighborhood until the fall of 1864, when he moved to St. Louis, but only stayed there one year, when he came back to Osceola, and was appointed deputy clerk, which position he held until January i, 1867. From that time until January i, 1871, he was engaged in the real estate agency and mercantile business, and aLo practiced his profession. He was then reappointed deputy clerk and held the position six months, when he was obliged to resign, having on the first day of July, 1871, established the Osage Valley, a Democratic paper. The duties of his new calling demanding all his time. But in a short time he disposed of his newspaper office and again turned his attention to the real estate business in connection with the practice of medicine, which he has con- tinued to the present time. In 1876 he was the county physician. Dr. Gardner has always taken an active part in politics. In i860 he was appointed elector on the Bell and Everett presidential ticket and in 1864, to the same position on the McClellan ticket. During Governor Brown's administration he was elected clerk of the senate committee on appor- tionment or redistricting the state into representative senatorial and congressional districts. He was a delegate to the Democratic State Convention of 1862, 1873, and 1874, and also held various positions of importance in his county. The Doctor took a very active part in oppos- ing the payment of county bonds issued for railroad purposes in advance 1084 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. of the completion of the roads, and has taken a leading part in the endeavor to compromise the county indebtedness for the encouragement of immigration. He is a member of Horeb Royal Arch Chapter No. 47, of the Masonic fraternity. September 7, 1859 ^^^ was married to Miss Mary R. Devin, daughter of Judge William R. and Rebecca (Oliver) Devin, of Polk County, Missouri, but orginally from Virginia. By her he has one child: Rosanna, born June 21, 1867. JOHN PARKS GORDON was born in St. Louis, Missouri, December 16, 1837, and was the son of Preston Gordon, who was born and raised in Mercer County, Kentucky, and who settled in St. Louis when it was a village. After living there for about twenty-five years, he came to St. Clair County in 1855, where he purchased 1,000 acres of land. He died in 1875. The mother of John, formerly Julia Ann Baker, was born in St. Louis County, Missouri, and died December 7, 1861. They had eight children of whom the sub- ject of this sketch is the eldest. He worked on his father's farm, making the raising of stock a leading feature, and very soon grew into promi- nence as a stock dealer. In 1861 he entered in the Missouri State Guards for six months, then entered the regular service, and served in the trans- Mississippi district. He was engaged in many hard battles^ and in a skirmish in Cedar County he received a severe wound, the ball entering near his left shoulder, passing through his body and coming out at his right hip. After his recovery in nine months he joined the regiment with which he remained until the close of the war in 1865. In 1868 he went to Texas and engaged in raising cotton and farming. Returning in 1876 he was elected sheriff and was re-elected in 1880, faithfully discharging the duties of this position for two terms. In 1882 he was elected county collector. Mr. Gordon married in 1872 Mary Ann Glass Dickson, daughter of John M. Dickson, of Grayson County, Texas. She died in 1876. He married for his second wife Miss Ida Patterson in i88r. She is the daughter of William N. Patterson. They have one child, William Henry. Politically he is a Greenbacker, and religiously a Baptist, and he belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity. DR. C. M. HAMBLIN was born in Franklin County, Virginia, March 4, 1824. His father, Thomas Hamblin, was a native of Giles County, Virginia, and his grand- father, M. Hamblin, came with his wife from P2ngland. The former died in Kentucky, in 1847, his widow surviving until 1858. They had seven children. C. M. grew up on a farm, and by study at home and attend- ing the common schools, obtained a good education. The family moved BIOGRAPHICAL. IO85 to Kentucky in 1833. In 1856, he came to Missouri and settled in Ver- non County, entering 900 acres of land, which he commenced to improve. When the war broke out he joined the Fifteenth Missouri Cavalry, was appointed hospital steward, and acted as assistant surgeon with Surgeon Maynard. He had studied medicine previous to entering the army, and he was necessarily obliged to prescribe for the sick. Having the advice of the surgeon, and assisting in many surgical operations, it proved a good school, of which he at once took advantage. At the close of the war he returned to Kentucky, where he remained until 1872, then came to Osceola, and engaged in the practice of medicine. He has had charge of the sick at the poor farm for five years by appointment, and is the present county physician. Dr. H. married Miss Lucinda Sutherland in 1846. She was the daughter of David Sutherland, of Kentucky, origin- ally from Scotland. They have five children living: John Robert, Dan- iel, Mollie, Callahan and Minnis. The doctor is a Republican. He has belonged to the Christian Church for thirty years, and he is a Mason. John R. Hamblin, of the firm of Hamblin Brothers, proprietors of livery and feed stable, is a son of Dr. C. M. Hamblin, and was born in 1850, in Logan County, Kentucky. He moved to Missouri with his father, and settled in Vernon County in 1856, and in 1861, he went to Humanville. In 1872, he came to Osceola, from Kentucky, and has here been engaged in business of various kinds, operating an engine for some three years. In 1878, he was one of a company who took contracts for carrying the United States mails to different points, one route being to Appleton City, &c. In 1880, he bought with his brother the livery barn, where he is also doing a large feed business. Mr. Hamblin married Miss Martha Smith, in 1872. She is the daughter of Edvvard Smith, of Logan County, Kentucky. They have two children, Robert and Claudius. Politically he is a Republican. He belongs to the Christian Church, and is also a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W. fraternities. He is one of the city councilmen. CHARLES J. HARRISON. attorney at law, was born in Monroe County, Missouri, January i, 1850. His father, Francis M. Harrison, was born in Kentucky and cam.e with his father, Charles Harrison, to Missouri about, the year 1830. The mother was also born in Kentucky, her maiden name being Nancy Mil- dred Collins. The subject of this sketch was the second of seven child- ren, and his early years were passed upon a farm. He received such education as the public schools afforded until at the age of nineteen, when he entered the Shelbyville Academy, where he remained one year. The following year he entered the University at Lexington, Kentucky, for a thorough course, but owing to reverses in his father's fortune he I0.S6 rilSTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. was compelled to abandon that idea and return home before the end of the first year. In 1871 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and engaged in the real estate business at Appleton City, where he remained until the fall of 1872. Then entering the office of Hurdette & Smith, at Osceola, he began the study of law. By hard study, and aided by the firm of Hurdett & Smith, he was enabled at the September term, 1873, of the St. Clair Count)' Circuit Court, to pass a satisfactory examinatiort and be admitted to the bar. On being admitted to the bar he was taken in as a partner by the firm, under whom he read, the firm name being Burdett, Smith & Harrison. In 1874 the senior member of the firm received the appointment of commissioner of the general land office at Washington, District of Columbia, and removed to that city. Messrs. Smith & Harrison continued in business in Osceola until 1875, when they removed to Sedalia, Missouri, where Mr. H. lived one year, and then returned to St. Clair County and was occupied in other business than the law until the year 1878, when he again resumed the practice of law. In 1880 he formed a partnership with Hon. John C. Ferguson and Hon. F. C. Nesbit, which continued until the fall of 1881, when the death of Mr. Ferguson dissolved the firm. He subsequently united with Judge John D. Parkinson, under the firm name of Parkinson & Harrison, which still continues. Mr. Harrison was married May 18, 1876, to Miss Lulu Constable, and by this union they have two children, Elma and Thomas. Mr. H. is not a member of any church, is a Democrat and a Mason. Mc. HERNDON was born April 22, 1852, in Ozark County, Missouri, his parents being Rev. H. W. and Martha A. C. (Piland) Herndon, who were married December 2, 1847. The former, a physician and surgeon by profession, was born in East Tennessee, while the latter, a daughter of Samuel and Martha Piland, was born November 22, 1830, in Hartford County, North Carolina. Tothem were born six sons and three daughters. One son, Joseph S., who was born September 28 ,1848, was an honored student of the Medical College at Salem, Oregon, and graduated at the head of a class of 100 pupils, taking the prize offered that year. He engaged in the practice of medicine at Salem, and is now the principal physician and surgeon at the penitentiary in Olympia, Washington Territory, and is also the surgeon of the Northern Pacific Railroad. He married Miss Mary E, Turner, of Linn County, Oregon. One daughter, Mary A., born August 15, 1850, married L. H. Gist, of this county. Mc. married Miss Mary E. Bair, of Jasper County, Missouri, January 10, 1875, and by this union there are three daughters: Celia L., born November 5, 1875; Nora, born April 26, 1878, and Lillie A., born November 12, 1880. The next daughter, Macy, who was born January 24, 1854, married Charles C. Din- BIOGRAPHICAL. lOS/ ney, of Oliver, born March 4, 1856, died August 21 of the same year. Martha J., born June II, 1857, married William Cleveland. Jasper N., born March 30, 1859, married Lydia J. McConnell. Samuel F. and James H. were born October 9, 1865. The Rev. H. W. Herndon died several years ago. His widow now resides with one of her sons. Mc. lives not far from the old homestead, and is actively engaged in farming and the raising of stock. Politically, he is a Greenbacker. He is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. THOMAS DAWSON HICKS was born in Wilson County, Tennessee, January 5, 1847. His father, James L. Hicks, was also born in that couniy, December 20, 1820, and he was the son of Thomas M. Hicks, born at Greenfield Court House, North Carolina. The mother of Thomas, formerly Miss L. J. Hancock, of the same county, as her husband, was born in 1825. They moved to- Missouri and settled in Hickory County in 1852, coming to this county in 1865, and locating in Osceola. He was shot on the street and killed June 23, 1875, by the city marshal. Mrs. Hicks died July 26, 1871. They left three children, of whom Thom.as D. is the oldest. He learned the printers' trade in this city at which he worked for seven years. In 1873, in company with Louis M. Reese, they published the Osceola Herald for one year. In 1875 he was occupied in clerical work in the county offices. In 1878 he was appointed deputy county collector, and performed his official duties very satisfactorily. In 1882 he was elected county clerk. Mr. Hicks married Mrs. Mary E. Hubbs, November 9, 1873. She was the daughter of Andrew J. Strain, of this county. They have one child, Mabel Burleigh. Mr. Hicks is a staunch Democrat. He belongs to the M. E. Church and is a Royal Arch Mason and is also connected with the I. O. O. F. and the A. O. U. W. fraternities. James L. Hicks, the father of Thomas D., enlisted in the Eleventh Volunteer Cavalry in the spring of 1863 and served in the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas and Missouri, and in 1865 he received an honorable discharge. His daugh- ter, Nancy Hicks, married Mr. James M. Pugh, circuit clerk. DANIEL K. HOLLY, druggist, etc., was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, in 185 1, his par- ents being Daniel and Catherine Holly, both natives of Germany. The former came to this country in 183 1 and settled in Butler County, Ohio, moving thence to Montgomery County, and later to McLean County, Illinois. In 1838 he came to Missouri and settled in St. Clair County on a farm. In the spring of 1868 he removed to Sedalia. They had a family of thirteen children, eight now living. Daniel K. was the young- I088 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. est child, and after leaving home he was engaged in various kinds of business with varied success. In 1877 ^e came to Osceola. In 1879 ^^ purchased a stock of drugs, to which he has added, and now carries a stock that would be a credit to a larger city. He commenced with lim- ited means, but by good management and attention to business has established himself in a paying trade. Mr. Holly married Miss Frankie Archibald November 26, 1S79. She was the daughter of Thomas Archi- bald, of Ohio. They were of English extraction, but were brought up in New York. They have two children, Mabel Alice and Vesta. Poli- tically, he is a Republican. He belongs to the Masonic fraternit}' and the A. O. U. W. THOMAS HENLEY, farmer and proprietor of the Osceola Ferry, was born in Herefordshire, England, in November, 1825, his parents being Mathew and Elizabeth Henley. They came to this country in the fall of 1841, settling in Law- rence County, Pennsylvania, on a farm. They had a family of seven children. Thomas, the oldest son, remained at home until the death of his father, in 1846. January i, 185 1, he went to California and Oregon, but returned in December, 1852, well paid for his adventure. Selling his interest in the old homestead to his brother he purchased a farm in the vicinit5^ The oil excitement enhanced the value of his land and he sold his farm at a large advance. In the fall of 1866 he came to Osceola and bought land. He began improving and repairing the damages incurred during the war, and now has one of the desirable homes of the county. He was elected county judge in 1870, and served one term. He was also appointed judge by Governors Woodson and Phelps. As an official he was both capable and honest, and performed his duties with great credit to himself and acceptably to the county. Judge Hen- ley was married in Pennsylvania to Miss Ann Cook in 1850. She died in 1866, leaving four children: Mathew C, Thomas J., William C. and Anna V., now Mrs. William Gallaway. He married Miss Catharine Cracraft for his second wife in 1878. They have one child, Rosa Ella, born February 7, 1880. The judge votes the Democratic ticket and belongs to the Masonic order. In 1866 he bought a half interest of the Osceola Ferry and 230 acres of land belonging to it. In 1881 he bought the entire interest and now owns and manages the ferry and farm. THOMAS MOORE JOHNSON was born in Osceola in 185 1, and is the son of the Hon. Waldo P. John- son, who was born in 1817, in Harrison Count}', Virginia. His grand- father was William Johnson, a native of New York, and an uncle of his was once governor of\'irginia. Waldo P.Johnson came to Missouri BIOGRAPHICAL. IO8.9 and settled in this county in 1842. He received a collegiate education, studied law at Clarksburg, Virginia, and was admitted to practice at that place. Coming west he located in St. Clair County. He first opened an office in Osceola, and has since been occupied in the practice of his profession. In 1846, he was elected a member of the legislature after having started with the army for the Mexican War, but he returned and occupied his seat. In 1848, he was elected county treasurer. In 1850, he was elected circuit attorney, and in 185 1, he was succeeded by the Hon. Burr H. Emerson, Mr. J. having been elected judge of this judi- cial district. In 1861, he was elected United States Senator, and the same year was chosen one of the commissioners to meet in Washington to negotiate terms of peace. He cast his fortune and influence with the Confederacy, and resigned his seat in the United States Senate, and became a member of the Confederate Senate. During the war he was appointed colonel of a Confederate regiment, and remained with it until the close of hostilities. In 1875, he was elected a delegate to the state constitutional convention, and was elected its president. After remain- ing for some two years in Sedalia, he returned to this city, and soon after removed to St. Louis, where he has since lived. His large property and real estate interests in this county and Southwestern Missouri requires much of his time in Osceola. He was married in 1847. to Miss Emily Moore. She was the daughter of Thomas Moore, of Maryland. They have a family of four sons: William T., Thomas Moore, St. Clair and Charles P. Thomas Moore received a classical education at Notre Dame College, Indiana, graduating in 1871, and receiving the degree of A. B. He studied law with his father, and was admitted to the bar in 1872. In 1874, he was elected prosecuting attorney of St. Clair County, and dis- charged the duties of the office with great satisfaction. In 1877, he moved to St. Louis County, and opened an office for the practice of law, and also edited a paper. He returned to St. Clair County in 1879, ^"^ is now connected with the law firm of Johnson & Lucas. In 188 1, he was elected mayor of the city, and also re-elected in 1882. Mr. J. mar- ried Miss Alice Barr, in May, 1881. She is the daughter of Rev. C. J. Barr, of this county. Mr. Johnson is a close student, is well versed with all the leading authors, and he is recognized as a man that has given more attention to scientific questions than any one in the county. JOHN POPE LOVE, judge of the probate court, was born in Knox County, Tennessee, July 28, 1828. His father, Thomas B. Love, was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, in 1794, being the son of John Love, originally from Ire- land, who went to East Tennessee in an early day. The mother of John P. was formerly Susan Smith, of Tennessee. Her father was from Eng- 69 lOQO HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. land. Mrs. Love died in Tennesse June 15, 1861, and her husband died in 1874. They had seven children, of whom J. P. is the second child. He was reared on a farm, but his early school training was somewhat ne<:^lected, though by self-application he acquired a practical education and attained a prominent social position. In 1850 he moved to Chero- kee County, North Carolina, where he farmed three years. He then returned to Tennessee, and in the spring of 1858 came to Missouri atid settled in St. Clair County and improved a farm. In 1872 he was elected county judge. In 1876 he was elected probate judge. He was re-elected in 1878, 1880 and in 1882, a sufficient proof of his faithful services in that important office. Judge Love was married in 1848 to Miss Narcis- sus N. Niell, who was the daughter of John Niell, of Polk County, Ten- nessee. She died in 1853, leaving three children. Mr. L. married Miss Elizabeth N. Barker in 1855, daughter of Burrell Barker, of McMinn County, Tennessee. They have a family of twelve children. The judge in his political affiliations is a Democrat, and he is a member of the Masonic order. In June, 1861, he enlisted in the Missouri State Guard and served eight months. He was in the- engagements at Carthage, Springfield, Dry Wood and Lexington: In 1862 he enlisted in the Six- teenth Missouri Infantry, Colonel Caldwell commanding, and was elected lieutenant and promoted to captain. He served during the war, sur- rendering at Shreveport. CHARLES HENDERSON LUCAS, editor and proprietor of the Osceola Sun, owes his nativity to Danville, Kentucky, having been born there May 27, 1854. He was a son of Wil- liam C. and Hannah F. Lucas. His grandfather (for whom he was named) was one of the first settlers, and among the first merchants in central Kentucky. It was after him that one of the finest female acad- emies in the southern states was named, Henderson (now Caldwell) Institute. Charles H. Lucas received a good education in youth, spend- ing one year in Centre College, but before graduating he removed to Roscoe, Missouri, in 1870. He subsequently came to Osceola, and has since principally made this his home with the exception of two or three years passed in seeing the world. Becoming desirous of familiarizing himself with the printers' trade, he entered the office of the Osceola Democrat, and later was occupied in working in the large job offices of St. Louis. He took editorial charge of the Osceola Democrat for the campaign of 1874, and in June of that year he was married to Miss Lillie J. Appier, whose parents reside in St. Louis, where her father owns a large printing establishment, he being editor of the National American and owner of the Personal Rights Advocate. In 1876, in connection with the Hon. Logan McKce, Mr. Lucas founded the Danville Tribune, ! BIOGRAPHICAL. IO9I which was pronounced the handsomest and most vigorous paper ir» Kentucky. Returning to Missouri he accepted the position of editor of the Sedalia Bazoo, with which he was so connected for eighteen months. In 1880 he purchased the Osceola Sun, and has since continued to man- age that paper with marked success. BEV. H. McILHENNY, was born in Bath County, Kentucky, July 2, 1828, and is the son of John C. Mcllhenny, of Charleston, South Carolina, whose father, James Mcllhenny, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, and was a graduate of the university there. He left Edinburgh on account of his republican principles, and came to the United States in 1774, settling in South Caro- lina. He enlisted in the war of the Revolution and was with General Marion for three years, was subsequently promoted to colonel, and then placed on the staff of Washington. After the close of the war he returned to South Carolina and engaged in farming. In 18 15 he moved to Ken- tucky, and died there in 1840. John Mcllhenny married Mary Young, of Virginia. Her mother, formerly Mary Brice, came originally from Scotland. Mr. Mcl.'s paternal grandmother was also born in Scotland, and was a sister of John C. Calhoun. They had twelve children, the subject of this sketch being the ninth. His father came to Jackson County, Missouri, in 1833, and returned to Kentucky in 1840, where he died. Bev. H. went back to Kentucky in 1845. In 1847 he enlisted in the Mexican war, and was interpreter to General Thomas Marshall. He received an honorable discharge and returned to Kentucky, and attended an academy for two years. Then he engaged in merchandising until 1853. In 1854, he returned to Missouri and settled in Cass County and farmed for three years. He then clerked in a store in Harrisonville. In 1858 he was elected justice of the peace and served until 1861, when he removed to Boonville and was again elected justice of the peace, hold- ing this position until 1866. Going to Sedalia he engaged in clerking; and remained there until 1870. He came thence to Roscoe, and in 1871 to Osceola. He has served as justice of the peace in this city two or three terms. Mr. Mcllhenny, married Miss Mary Kincaid in 1853 in Nicholas County, Kentucky. She was the daughter of Colonel Samuel B. Kincaid, of Kentucky, who settled in Cass County in 1854. They have eight children: Sarah A. (Mrs. George Monroe); Nancy B. (Mrs. Thomas Gordon), John Calhoun, Samuel B., Bev. H., Mattie A., Nellie Lee, and Addie (twins). WILLIAM O. MEAD, attorney at law, is a great grandson of William Mead, who was a native of England, and who came to America before the war of independence. He served as a soldier during the entire struggle. John Mead, his son, 1092 llIsrOKY OK ST. CLAIR COUN'l'V. was a captain in the war of 1812. John G., the son of John Mead, and the father of William O., was born in Virginia. He married Elizabeth Pickel, of Virginia. She was of German and French descent. The sub- ject of this sketch is the oldest of thirteen children, eight sons and five daughters. He came to Missouri with the family in 1850, and set- tled in Polk County, where they still live. He attended the common schools for several years, and in 1859 he commenced a regular course in the Bolivar Academy. After two years of study he left the school to take part in the war. He joined the Fifteenth Missouri Infantry, (Union army) and after six months enlisted in the Eighth Missouri State Mili- tia, December 18, 1861, of which J. W. McClurg was colonel. He served as orderly sergeant until 1863, when he was promoted to a lieutenancy. In September, 1864, he again re-enlisted in the Thirteenth Missouri Cavalry, served as lieutenant until October 23, 1864, when he received a severe wound at the battle of Big Blue, which caused him to resign. He came from the army to this city in December, 1864. He had previously commenced the study of law, and now resumed the preparation for his life work. In 1866 he was elected county clerk. In the spring of 1867 he was admitted to the bar, before B. H. Emerson, circuit judge, and in the spring of 1868 formed a partnership with E. J. Smith and S. S. Bur- dette. In 1872 Mr. M. commenced the banking business, but in 1877 the bank closed its doors, though paying 95 cents on the dollar. In the winter of 1877 he moved to Texas, where he practiced law for two years. He then went to Dakota Territory for six months, and after returning to this city opened a law office, making the real estate law a specialty. In July, 188 1, George A Neal became a partner, and the firm name is now known as Mead & Neal. Mr. Mead married Miss Henrietta R. Dawson December 15, 1864. She was the daughter of John Dawson, of this city, and was born in Virginia. They have two children, Julia and Ethlyn. In politics he is a Republican, and religiously a Baptist. He is a Royal Arch Mason, a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the A. O. U. W. He was inter- ested in the railroad enterprise in the county, and from 1872 till 1876 was secretary of the same. LEVI AUGUSTUS MENTZER was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, August 3, 1840, being the son of John Mentzer, a native of the same state and grandson of Simeon Mentzer, originally of Maryland. Levi's mother was formerly Mary Curry, also of Pennsylvania. They had si.x children. Of the three liv- ing Levi A. is the second. When twelve years old his mother died and he went to live with an uncle in Lancaster Count}', in who.ie store he was employed at $3 per month. He remained there for ten years, with I BIOGRAPHICAL. IO93 but little increase of pay. He then entered the employ of Samuel Watts in Mifflin County and worked seven years at $12 per month. Mr. Ment- zer now feeling confidence in his own ability to start business for him- self, rented a room in Belleville, where he had clerked seven years, bought a small stock of goods, and during the three years in which he was engaged in business made his mark as a successful merchant. In 1869 he came to Osceola and formed a partnership in business with Joseph Landes. They remained together until 1871, when Thomas B. Sutherland bought the interest of Mr. Landes, and the new partnership existed for three years. At this time Mr. Mentzer purchased the inter- est of Mr. S. March 8, 1874, and since that time he has been doing a large trade in general merchandise. He is a stockholder in the bank of this city and in 1882 was elected its president. In 1871 Mr. Mentzer was appointed postmaster of Osceola and has held the position since that period. In 1862 he joined the T3ist Pennsylvania Regiment Volunteer Infantry for nine months, participating in the battles of Fred- ericksburg December 13, 1862. Mr. M. married Miss Mary E. Goodhart January 1 1, 1865. She was the daughter of Joseph and Nancy Goodhart. They have two children, Bertie and Carrie. Mr. Mentzer is a Republi- can, and for eighteen years has been one of the prominent and leading members of the M. E. Church. He also belongs to the Masonic frater- nity. HENRY JOSEPH MORELLY was born January 18, 1852, in Kingwood, West Virginia. His father, Charles Morelly, was born in Hanover, Germany. He learned the stone mason and plasterers' trade in youth and also received the excellent schooling of the country. He married Christina Orderholt in Germany and they came to America in the fall of 185 1, settling in West Virginia, and bought a farm where Mr. M. worked at his trade. In 1864 he removed to Coles County, Illinois, remaining there for two years. In 1866 he came to Henry County, Missouri, and located in Clinton, where he farmed and worked at his trade. He also opened a meat market which he conducted for several years. In 1870 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, purchased a farm and opened a market in Osceola. He now has two farms and lives on section 35. Mr. and Mrs. M. have seven children: Henry Joseph, Charles, Louisa (wife of Harmon Weber), Priscilla (now Mrs. William Hurst), David, Lowry and Emma. Henry J. Morelly, the subject of this sketch and oldest son of Charles, has worked with his father and learned the stone masons' trade and butchering business. After coming to this city he opened a market with his father. The latter giving up the business, the son has continued and he is doing a satisfactory business. Henry J. is a Baptist and belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity. I094 lllSTOKV OF ST. Cl.AlR COUNTY. DANIEL P. MORGAN, ^ countv recorder, was born in Sumner County, Middle Tennessee, Octo- ber 4, 1816, and was the son of Charles Mori^an, a i^rominent citizen of his count}', who held various offices of honor and trust, and who died in 1S60. Mr. Morgan's mother, Sally (Parker) Morgan, was born in Tenn- essee. Daniel P., the subject of this sketch, was the oldest of a family of seven children. His early life was spent in his father's store, and in November, 1850, he came to Missouri, settling near Osceola, where he improved a farm. In 1852, he was appointed deputy sheriff, and served for two years. In 1854, he was elected sheriff, and was re-elected in 1856. In i860, he was elected county clerk, and was serving as such when the town was burned by Jim Lane. Mr. M. lived on his farm until 1874, when he was elected recorder. After a period of four years he was again elected recorder, in 1882. He married Miss Susan M. Thompson, in 1838. She was the daughter of William Thompson, of Ohio, who in an early day moved near Nashville, Tennessee. Her mother's maiden name was Polly Parker, a sister of D. P. Morgan's grandfather. They have five children: Charles, John, Daniel, Kittie and Susan. The two eldest child- ren are dead. Mary Jane married J. W. Barr, who died leaving two children, one since deceased, and Edward Lee, who now seventeen years old, lives with his grandfather. Mr. Morgan is a Democrat, is a mem- ber of the M. E. Church South, and a Mason. He has been faithful in the discharge of his official duties and has served the people in a man- ner highly satisfactory to all. SCOTT NESBIT was born in Mt. Jackson, Pennsylvania, November 25, 1846. He received a common school education, and like many America^ boj's with that slight equipment started out to " paddle his own canoe" in the general race. He first entered business as a dealer in Canada pine lumber until a high protective duty being put on it virtually prohibited its importa- tion. A few months later he entered the dry goods business at Eden- burg, Pennsylvania, succeeding quite well until failing health compelled him to seek a different climate. In 1870 he removed to St. Clair County, Missouri, and opened a stock farm in Monegaw Township, continuing in that business until March, 1874, when he removed to Osceola, Missouri, to take the position of assistant cashier, a position he still occupies, in the St. Clair Count)' Bank, of which he was one of the original incor- porators. He is the third son of John C. and Harriett Nesbit, both of whom are still living in this count}'. The other brothers are Charles W. Nesbit, a farmer of St. Clair County, who is well known as one of the most advanced breeders of thoroughbred stock in Southwest Missouri, BIOGRAPHICAL. IO95 and the Hon. Frank C. Nesbit, who represented St. Clair County in the Missouri Legislature in 1876, and was also the Hancock elector for his district in 1880, and has for two terms held the position of secretary of the Missouri Senate. Mr. Nesbit has a natural talent for the banking business, and is looked upon as one of the best financiers in the state. GEORGE ALFRED NEAL was born December 17, 1856. His grandfather, James Neal, a native of Virginia emigrated to Kentucky at an early day. Moses W., the father of George, was born in Kentucky, October 7, 1825. He married Miss Lucretia A. King. He was for many years a popular hotel man in Ken- tucky. In 1858, he removed to Indiana. At the outbreak of the war he enlisted in the Thirty-ninth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was com- missioned first lieutenant on the 31st of December, 1862. He fell mor- tally wounded at the battle of Murfreesboro. The subject of this sketch is the oldest of three living children. He commenced attending the public schools of Indiana, when five years of age, and after his father's death he returned with his mother to Kentucky. At the age of fifteen he entered Smithfield College and remained there until twenty years old. He then entered the law office of Benjamin S. Robbins, and read law under his instruction for one year, soon returning to Smithfield Col- lege he resumed his legal studies in Louisville, Kentucky, until March, 1881, when he was admitted to the bar. In April of that year he came to Osceola. He was married December 24, 1881, to Miss Lily Bell High, of Louisville, Kentucky. * RICHARD W. PERRIN was born January ii, 1842, in Osceola, Missouri, his lather being Daniel Perrin, who came to this county in 1835 from Ohio. He was a stone and brick mason by trade and he made the first brick in this county. He settled on Brush Creek, east of the city, and married Jane Clark- ston, of Cooper County. He died in 1879, his wife having preceded him in 1859. They had six sons: Richard W., James, Joseph N., Daniel^ (George W. died in 188 1) and John Wesley. Mr. Perrin married for his second wife, Mrs. Sally Redman, and they had one son, Andrew Wesley, Richard W. learned the mason's trade in youth and worked at it more or less through life. In the spring of 1862 he enlisted in the Elev- enth Missouri Cavalry, under Colonel William D. Woods. They were in Missouri, Texas, Arkansas and Tennessee and he took part in many hard fought battles and skirmishes. At the close of the war he returned home and in 1867, August 22, was married to Miss Nannie Bell. They 1096 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. have five children: Ann E., Jane, Charles W., Jani«s E. and Estclla Mr. Perrin has the contract for carrying mail from this city to Appleton- and to Quincy and also to Humansville. JAMES M. PUGH, circuit clerk and abstractor of titles, was born near Columbus, Ohio, September 2, 1845. His father was Andrew J. Pugh, who came to Mis- souri in 1857, and settled in St. Clair County. He served in the Mexi- can war and was wounded at Cerro Gordo, but remained through the war with the regiment of mounted rifles from Ohio. In 1861 he took sides with the Union and became commander of Freemont's Scouts and Guides. After the army under Freemont were disbanded, Mr. Pugh joined the Sixtieth Regiment of Enrolled Missouri Militia, in which he received the commission of major in 1862. He served until the close of the war. He was soon after appointed sheriff of St. Clair County by Governor Gamble, but immediately resigned in favor of Mr. Roberts, In 1875, he moved to Cedar County where he now lives. Mrs. Pugh died in 1879. James M. received but limited advantages tor acquiring an education, but by self application he fitted himself for a teacher, and for several terms was so occupied. He was later engaged in clerking in the county offices, and in 1870, was appointed deputy clerk, and assisted in the circuit clerk's duties until 1874, when he was elected circuit clerk. In 1879 he was re-elected and again in 1882. In 1879 he purchased a half interest of the Shields Brothers in their abstract books. In October. 1863 he joined the Second Kansas Cavalry, and was with General Steele in Arkansas for two years. Mr. Pugh married Miss Nannie Hicks, May 28, 1871. She was the daughter of J. L. Hicks. They have three child- ren: Ruth, Addie and Bessie. Politically he is a Greenbacker. He belongs to the Christian Church, and is also a Mason, and a member of the I. 0.0. F. LOUIS M. REESE, dealer in lumber, etc., was born in Osceola, Missouri, in 1850, and was the son of Lewis M. Reese, originally from Tennessee. In 1866 Louis commenced working at the printing business, which he followed as com- positor, and editor and publisher until 1881, having been connected with the Herald at Osceola, the Courier at Appleton City, and the Sun in Osceola. In the winter of 1881 he embarked in the lumber trade, and he is now doing a successful business. He married Miss Emma J. Lewis in 1881, a daughter of Dr. L. Lewis, who was born in Virginia December 15, 18 13. Dr. Lewis was a son of Howell Lewis and a grand- son of Fielding Lewis, who married Bettie Washington, sister of George Washington. Dr. Lewis was a prominent physician. He came to BIOGRAPFIICAL. IO97 Osceola in 1839, ^♦^^ ^^^ many years was county treasurer. Dr. Lewis- died December 20, 1878. He was twice married, first to Mary Ferguson February 8, 1843. She died December 24, 1845. His second marriage occurred March 14, 1853, to Mary E. Reynolds. Politically Mr. R. is a Republican. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. JOHN SERVERS, physician and surgeon, was born in Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa, in 1843, his father being Alfred Seevers, a native of Coshocton County, Ohio, he having emigrated to Iowa in 1840. He was largely and most successfully engaged in the nursery and fruit business, and in an early day supplied trees for many adjoining counties. His fine collection of fruit at the Centennial was admired by many. The maiden name of John's mother was Maria Bryan, of Pennsylvania. His grandfather Seevers served through the war of 1812 and his grandfather Bryan came origin- ally from Ireland. His father is a near relative of Judge Seevers, of the supreme court of Iowa. Having determined when a boy to be a phy- sician, John bent all his energies in that direction. In 1862 he went to- Colorado and spent two years. On his return in 1864 he commenced the study of medicine. In 1865 he attended a course of lectures at the Medical College at Keokuk, Iowa, where he graduated in 1876. His professional education was acquired by his own efforts, and he is deserv- ing the success that has attended his career here. He came to Osceola in 1881. Dr. Seevers married Miss Fidelia E. Freeborn in 1868, She was the daughter of Joseph Freeborn, of Winterset, Iowa, formerly from Ohio. They have four children: Iowa, Grace, Nellie and Roxy. The doctor is a prominent member and elder in the Presbyterian Church. He is a Mason and also belongs to the I. O. O. F. He has been a mem- ber of the city council and takes an active part in the improvements of the city. WADE W. SHAFFNER, attorney, was born in Harrison County, Virginia, September ii, 1848. He attended in youth the common schools, though the greater part of his education was obtained at home. In 1859 the family moved to Penn- sylvania, and in 1861 they went to Sangamon County, Illinois. In 1869 Wade Shaffner came to Missouri, settling on a farm and divided his time between teaching school in winter and working on a farm in summer with his father. In 1874, he became editor of the Farmers' Friend, a paper published in Osceola in the interests of agriculture. He con- tinued teaching until March 9, 1878, when he entered the law office of the late John C. Ferguson, where, under his instruction, he was prepared for admission to the bar, September 11, 1879, before Judge John D. 1098 HIstOR\ OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Parkinson. Mr. Shaffner married Miss Josephine O. Clevenger January 1, 1880. She is the daughter of the late George Clevenger. They have lost one child Gertrude. Politically Mr. Shaffner is a Democrat. He belongs to the Piesbyterian Church and is a Mason. Isaac Shaffner, father of Wade W., is a farmer by occupation, and now lives in Chalk Level Township. He was born in Dauphin Count}-, Pennsylvania, June 17, 1823, and was the son of Frederick Shaffner. His mother was formerly Catharine Dihler, who died in i860. Isaac, the third of eleven children, early went to Virginia, residing there until 1855. He then came to Illinois and remained until 1868, when he moved to this county and settled where he now lives. He married Mel- vina Leach, December 9, 1847, in Fauquier County, Virginia. She is the daughter of Thornton K. Leach, of Virginia, a soldier in the war of 1812. They have four children: Wade W., Mary A. (now Mrs. John Warner), Jacob M. and Luther L. Politically he is a Democrat and his religious preferences Presbyterian. WESLEY G. SHEPHERD, was birn in Wells County, Indiana, December 29, 1853, ^^is father being Thomas Shepherd, originally from Ross County, Ohio, who was one of the first to settle in Bluffton, the county seat, he building the first house in the city. In 1857 ^'^^ went to Navoo, Illinois, remained for two years, and then came with a colony to Henry County. In 1874 they moved to this county and settled one mile from Osceola, on the old Cox farm. Wesley's mother was formerly Clarissa Gracey, of Ross County, Ohio. They have two children living: W. G. and Ellen. In 1870, Wesley went to the Indian Territory, and was one of the parties driven out by the order of the government, losing everything he had. He returned home and made a new start. He was then engaged in various occupations in different localities. In 1879 ^^ opened a restaurant, which has since grown into an hotel, and he is doing a successful business. He has held the office of city marshal. He married Miss C. Lyon, November 8, 1880. She was a daughter of Samuel Lyon. Her grandfather, Thomas Shep- pard served in the Federal army, and he was the guide of the hrst com- pany of United States soldiers in Henry County. JOHN S. SMITH. editor of The Voice of the People, is a native of Jay County, Indiana, and was born March 13, 1848. His father, Aaron Smith, was born in Ohio and his grandfather, Martin Smith, was a Virginian by birth. The mother of John S. was Mary Dillman, of Randolph County, Indiana, she being a daughter of William Dillman, whose father was robbed and murdered for his money in Chester County, Pennsylvania, in 1852. The BIOGRAPHICAL. IO99 subject of this sketch is the oldest of eight children. His father removed to Dallas County, Iowa, while he was young, and there he was reared, improving his limited facilities for acquiring an education until he was qualified for teaching school. In 1 864 he enlisted in the Forty-sixth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, and after some months spent in the service he was discharged on account of disability. After his return he attended school for a time, and in 1867 went to St. Clair County, Missouri, and taught one term of school. He then returned to Iowa, and the succeeding ten years he was engaged in teaching, and succeeded in winning an enviable reputation as a painstaking, competent and faithful instructor. In 1877 he returned to St. Clair County and took charge of a school at Johnson City. In 1879 he took charge of The Voice of the People, and con- ducted it for the company owning it until 1882, when he purchased it, and he has since associated Dr. A. C. Marquis with him, and they are publishing one of the most readable papers in Southwest Missouri. In 1881, in the interest of the Greenback and Reform party, Mr. Smith was elected county school commissioner, an office he has proved himself amply qualified to fill. He was married October 21, 188 1, to Miss Annie B. Nalley, a daughter of William Nalley, of this county, originally from Pike County, Missouri. They have one son, Clyde S., born September I, 1882. JOSEPH H. URICH was born November 20, 1846, in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, while his brother, Harry B., was born in Blair County of the same state. Their father, a carpenter by trade and also a farmer, was born December 21, 1818, in York County, Pennsylvania, and now resides in Cook County, Illinois. He was married in 1844 to Miss Elizabeth Drawbaugh, of Cum- berland County, born September 18, 1818. Their family consisted of William, who died in infancy, John D., Joseph H., Harry B., Martha R. (now Mrs. E. C. McCloud), Edward O., and David, who also died while an infant. Mrs. Urich died March 21. 1877. Joseph H. (our subject) leaving his native state in August, 1865, settled in Grundy Count}', Illi- nois, where he remained for four years. In August, 1869, he came to this county. August 21, 1871, he married Miss Henrietta M. Peebly, daughter of Thomas A. and Margaret Ann Peebly. She died September 27, 1882, leaving three children: Hamilton W., born March 10, 1872; Mattie E., born December 9, 1874, and Delia May, born August 23, 1877. Harry B. Urich, upon removing from Pennsylvania in April, 1863, went to Morris, Grundy County, Illinois, where he lived for fourteen years; then, on account of failing health, he visited Florida for eighteen months and returned north as far as St. Clair County, Missouri. In April, 1881, in connection with his brother, he erected a saw mill, and they are also associated toijether in farming and raising stock. Mrs. H. M. Urich was iioo iiisroKY or st. clair county. a member of the Christian Church. Joseph H. Urich is a Democrat, while his brother is Republican in politics. The former belongs to the A. F. & A. M. fraternity. Thomas Ashford Peebly was born December lO, 1811, in Knoxville, Tennessee, and in 1818 accompanied his parents to Howard County. Missouri. Moving to St. Clair County in 1834, he purchased land. He owned at his death 530 acres. December ii, 1839, he married Miss Mar- garet A. Hoover. Her mother, with five children, came to this county in 1835. Mr. and Mrs. Peebly had five children: Mary J., born July 20, 1841, married Paris Brown July 1 1, 1861, and died June 10, 1862; Martha A., born April 4, 1843 (wife of David Tapping); James, born March 15, 1845, died October ii following; Ellen, born October 28, 1847, died November 7, 1847, and Henrietta M., whose death is recorded above. Mr. P. died F'ebruary 14, 1876, and his widow now resides upon the old estate. SAMUEL ADAMS WARDEN, attorney at law, is the fourth of a family of nine children born to Sam- uel and Loretta (RichardsJ Warden, natives of Pennsylvania. Samuel was born in Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, July 27, 1838. He received a practical education in youth and when seventeen years of age was employed as a clerk in a store, where he remained two years, and dur- ing his leisure hours read law. He subsequently took a commercial course in bookkeeping and was employed as a bookkeeper in Chicago and St. Louis, but the business being too confining he went to Cooper County, Missouri, in 1866. The following three years he was interested in agricultural pursuits. Having early formed a desire to become a lawyer, he resumed the study of law, and in 1869 was admitted to the bar by Judge Rice in Cooper County. In 1871 he opened an office in Sedalia and lived there ten years. In May, 1881, he removed to Osce- ola. Mr. W. was married June 4, 1862, in St. Louis to Miss Virginia E. Fisher, a daughter of W. P. Fisher, a native of Virginia. Mrs. Warden died December 22, 1882, leaving two children: William Fisher and Beverly S. Mr. W. is a prominent member of the Greenback party and he started the Labor Greenback Advocate in Sedalia, the first paper of its kind in the state. He has rendered his party efficient service as a forcible and effective speaker. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and the A. O. U. W. lodges. ELDER WILLIAM WILCOX WARREN was born in Boyle County, Kentucky, June 25, 1837, and was the son of Dr. William W. Warren, who was born in Kentucky, in 1808, he being of English ancestry. He received a liberal education, and was graduated BIOGRAl'HICAL. HOI at the Transylvania University of Kentucky. After practicing for some time he went to Mississippi, and in 1843 came to Missouri and settled in Lafayette County. He died in 1876. He married Miss Maria S. Speed, of Kentucky, who was of Scotch descent. They had nine child- ren, of whom William was the third. He received an academic educa- tion, and in 1859, he came to St. Clair County and taught school, and he has been engaged in this occupation for many years. In 1867 he com- menced preaching and in 1868, he was ordained by the Christian Church and since that date has been an active minister. He owns 700 acres of land and lives on section 14. Mr. W. married Miss Mary E. Coonce, in March, 1862. She was the daughter of Jacob Coonce, the first settler to make a home in St. Clair County in 183 1. They have five children: Bailey and Wirt (twins), Mary P., Willis K., and Henry Jacob. In poli- tics he is a Democrat. He has held the ofifice of county school commis- sioner. He is a Mason and a member of the A. O. U. W. fraternity. H. WEBER, the son of Anton and Catherine G. Weber, natives of Baden, Germany, was born in Alsace, Germany, January 9, 1851. He received a good practical education in his youth, and learned the trade of shoemaking. In 1873 he emigrated to the United States and settled in St. Louis, working at his trade in that city three years. Then he went to Clinton, Henry County, from whence, after working two years, he removed to Osceola and opened a shop. He owns a good business building, carries a complete stock of goods and is doing a successful business. Mr. Weber married Miss Louisa Morelly March 10, 1878. She is the daugh- ter of. Charles Morelly. They have two children, Charles and Florence. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. Politically he is a Republican, and in his religious preferences a Catholic. JOHN CALVIN WHALEY, M. D., comes of old revolutionary stock. His great grandfather, James Wha- ley, born in Virginia, removed to Kentucky at an early day. He served in the revolutionary war, and furnished his hired man with a horse and paid him a salary for service in the same cause. Edward Whaley, the son of James, came to Kentucky with his father when thirteen years old. He married and settled in Bouibon County, Kentucky. In 1819 he located lands in what is now Marion County, Missouri. He entered these lands at the first land sales in St. Louis in 1821. Albert Whaley, the father of John C, and Polly Bird were married December 21, 1826. The doctor's grandfather came to Missouri with his family and slaves in 182 1 and improved the lands he had previously located. He was the first county surveyor of Marion County and a member of the first grand II02 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY, jury. The subject of this sketch was born in Marion County, Missouri, December i6, 1838, and was the seventh of a family of thirteen child- ren. He was reared on a farm, and received a good practical education at McGee and St. Paul Colleges. After leaving school he taught for seven years in Texas. In 1861 he enlisted in the Confederate army at the call of Governor Jackson and was commissioned a first lieutenant. After the battle of Lexington he was appointed adjutant to Colonel Franklin with the rank of captain, and he served in that capacity until wounded and captured near Bragg's School House in Shelby County. He was confined at Palmyra, St. Louis and Alton and succeeded in mak- ing his escape. He rejoined Price's army in Mississippi and became a volunteer aid to General Green in the luka Springs expedition. He went to Texas on important duty, and after the surrender he went to New Mexico and the mountains. In 1866 he was at Waco, where he engaged in teaching school and pursuing his medical studies. He com- menced his professional career in Clernard County. In 1869 he removed to Arkansas, near Fayetteville, and practiced there until 1875. when he came to Osceola, where he has since been actively pursuing his chosen profession. In connection with Mr. G. W. O'Conner he is largely inter- ested in stock raising. Dr. W. was married in September, 1867, to Mrs. B. Deckerd, widow of B. Deckerd, who was killed in a battle in the Red River expedition. Mrs. W. has three children by her former marriage: Hugh, Ben and Bettie. Dr. and Mrs. W. have one son. Politically, the doctor in a Democrat, and he is also a Mason. I. M. WOODALL, county treasurer and one of the most worthy and popular officials of St. Clair County, was born in St. Clair County, Missouri, in May, 1845, and was the son of Christopher Woodall, of Virginia, who came to this state in 1840. The mother of I. M. was formerly Margaret Simms, who was born in Virginia, and died in 1847. ^Ii"- ^V. died in 1858. They left six children, of whom our subject is the youngest. He made the best use of his limited opportunities for acquiring an education in youth. He now owns a farm of 265 acres on section 21, in Collins Township. He was collector under the township organization, and has been a lead- ing citizen in the township and county for many years. In 1882 he was elected county treasurer, and entered upon the duties of his office Janu- ary I, 1883. He enlisted in the Fifteenth Missouri Cavalry, Company M. for two years, and was mustered out at Springfield, Missouri, July 17, 1865. Mr. Woodall married Miss Minnie Fletcher in 1867. She was the daughter of Nathan and Sarah (Barnctt) Fletcher, of Georgia. They have four children: John D., William, Sarah Margaret and James F'ran- cis. Mr. W. is a Democrat and a member of the Baptist Church. BIOGRAPHICAL. II03 APPLETO.N TOWNSHIP. 1 5"SE\rS^>=«rzS^(> JOHN R. BAUGH, dealer in drugs and druggists' sundries, is a native of Tippecanoe County, Indiana, and was born October 23, 1841. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the schools of the county of his birth, being engaged in farming until October, 1866. He then came to Henry County, Missouri, and embarked in the drug business at Leesville where he remained until 1880, when he removed to Appleton City. In 1882 he again established himself in the drug business, having at that time built his present large brick business house. Mr. Baugh was married March I, 1865, to Miss Eliza J. Campbell, of Ohio. They have two children: Mary F. and Frederick P. Mr. B. is a member of the Masonic frater- nity. In 1882 he was one of the councilmen of Appleton City. ROBERT L. BOOTH, of the firm of Sutmiller & Co., dealers in hardware, etc., was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan, December 13, 1847. When nine years of age he removed with his family to Green County, Wisconsin, where he was brought up and educated. When eighteen years of age he began work- ing at the tinners' trade at Monroe, Wisconsin, and was so occupied till August, 1869, when he went to Ottawa, Kansas. Three months later he located in Decatur, Illinois, and after remaining there six weeks he came to Appleton City and entered the employ of Luchinger & Streifif^ with whom he continued till 1875. Then he became a partner in the firm of Butler & Booth, hardware dealers, this relation existing till October, 1876, when, with his present partner, he engaged in the hard- ware trade at Schell City, Missouri, in April, 1877. They carried on. business there until removing their stock to Appleton City in 1880. Mr. Booth was married September i, 1872, to Miss Maria J. Belt, of Missouri. They have one child, Henley C. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W. fraternities. He also belongs to the Christian Church. JOHN BURNS, section 17, originally from Scotland, was born December 25, 1826. His father, James Burns, was a native of Banfshire, Scotland, and was a 1104 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. descendant of the famil}- from which Robert Burns, the poet came. John's mother, formerly Isabella McKinzie, was also born in Scotland. They reared a family of ten children, of whom he was the >'oungest. James Burns died in 1833, and his widow's death occurred in 1834. John was thus left an orphan when in his ninth year. When but sixteen years of age he enlisted in the English army, and served three years and four months, during which time he was over a large portion of England, Ire- land and his native country.. After his service in the English army he returned to Scotland, and was engaged in tunnel mining till 1849, ^vhen he emigrated to America and located in DuPage County, Illinois, farming there till November, 1869. He then came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and settled on his present place which includes 214 acres of improved land. Mr. Burns was married December 7, 1848, to Miss Margaret Nesbit. also a native of Scotland. They have seven children: James, Robert, Jennie, William, Thomas, Carrie and Daisy. Three are deceased: Mary, Isabelle, and an infant. They are members of the Presbyterian Church. ABRAM BUSKIRK. P'ew men in this county are as prominently known in connection with the stock business and farming interests of this vicinity as the sub- ject (Tf this sketch. He is a native of Tompkins County, New York, and was born November 9, 1841. His parents, George and Anna (Bron- dyke) Buskirk, came originally from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. The father died in 1849 and his mother died in 1811. Abram, left an orphan at the age of ten years, was subsequently reared in the family of Moses Barker of that county, till fifteen years old, when he went to Kendall County, Illinois, there working at farming for two years. In 1858 he too^: a trip to California, reaching that state in January, 1869, and was occupied in mining and logging till July, 1877. In November, 1877, he came to Henry County, Missouri, and in December, following, settled in St. Clair County on his present place. His landed estate con- sists of 1,000 acres of land, 220 of which are the home place and upon it he has one of the finest brick residences in the county. March 7, 1878, Mr. Buskirk was united in marriage with Miss Flora Moore, a native of New York. They have five children. Anna. Etta, Nellie, Ethel and Frank. PAUL E. CALMES. M. D., was born in Clark County, Kentucky, May 7, 1841. His father, John W. Calmes, a native of Woodford County, Kentucky, married Miss Ann Evans, originally of Clark County. They reared five children, Paul E. being the oldest. When he was sixteen \-ears old the famih- moved to Lexington, Missouri, and in the fall of 1S59 ^t.' began the stud\- of medi- BIOGRAPHICAL. IIO5 cine with Dr. Alexander ot that city. This he continued until the sprinq- of 1861, when he enlisted in Captain Wilson's company of Missouri State Guard. He served until the disbandment of the company, and then he returned to Lexington and resumed his studies under Dr. Wil- liam Ruffin until the fall of 1864, when he went south as a soldier under General Price. In the winters of 1866-7 and 1867-8 he attended lec- tures at Louisville, and was graduated in the latter year. After prac- ticing in Jackson, Lafayette and Bates Counties until December, 1869, he came to Appleton City, where he has since been a prominent and successful practitioner. Dr. Calmes was married October 24, 1872, to Miss Fannie Churchill, of Kentucky. He is a member of the L O. O. F. fraternity. The doctor attended the Louisville Medical College during terms of 1877-8, and received a diploma from this institution in the spring of 1878. WILLIAM W. CHAPEL, attorney at law and notary public, is a native of Chenango County, New York, and was born September i, 1839. He was reared in the county of his birth, and was educated at the academy of Cincinnatus, New York. In 1859 hs attended a term of the law school of Albany, New York, and in September, 1861, he enlisted in the late war in Company C, 157th New York Volunteer Regiment, remaining in the service till mustered out at Charleston, North Carolina, July 10, 1865. . Returning home he was engaged in farming till November, 1867, when he moved to Hamil- ton, Caldwell County, Missouri, and embarked in the real estate business and the practice of law, being admitted to the bar of that county in February, 1868. In March, 1882, he came to Appleton City and has since been successfully occupied in the practice of law. Mr. Chapel was married December 13, 1865, to Miss Alice G. Pritchard, a native of New York. They had four children: Minnie, Mary, William and Frank. He was again married March 4, 1875, to Miss Alice Penny, of Missouri. Mr. C. is a member of the I. O. O. F. WILLIAM D. CLARK was born February, 18, i8z:i4, in DuPage County, Illinois. His father, David K. Clark came from New York when a boy, .and his father built the first frame house erected in Chicago. His mother's maiden name was Mary Jarvis, born in Rochester, New York. William was third in a family of five children. At the age of fourteen he went to Wausekea, Minnesota, where he remained three years. Returning, he enlisted in February, 1862, in Company F, Fifty-third Illinois Volunteers, and in the battle of Jackson, Mississippi, October 5, 1863 he was wounded in the lower limb and for some time was in hospital at Vicksburg, and afterwards in II06 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Chicago. As soon as able he was assigned duty at Camp Douglass, where he remained till 1865, when he was discharged. In 1867, Mr. Clark- came to Missouri, and engaged in farming in St. Clair County. In 1874 he embarked in the grocery business at Appleton City, which he has since continued, now enjoying about the finest trade in the city. He was married November 8, 1870, to Miss Matilda Walker, a native of Madison County, Indiana. They have two children living : Ora M., and Ethel E. Mr. Clark has been entrusted with some official position nearly all the time since living in the town. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. fraternity and is connected with the Presbyterian Church. JOSEPH CLARK. section 24, was born November 30, 1848, in Macoupin County, Illinois, his parents being Randall and Lucy Gray) Clark. The former was a native of South Carolina and the latter was a Virginian by birth. They moved to Macoupin County, Illinois, in an early day and there reared thirteen children, of whom Joseph was the si.xth. He grew up on a farm at his birth place, and there remained until October. 1871, when he settled in St. Clair County, Missouri. Here he now owns a farm of 24O acres of land. Mr. Clark was married August 9, 1871, to Miss Jane Walker, a native of Illinois. To them have been born seven children: Edgar F., Theodore E., Bertha, Branton L., Ethel O., Valentine and Katie. MORRIS S. DAVIS was born in Yates County, New York, January 16, 18 16. His father, Malachi Davis, was a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and his mother, formerly Catherine Kress, was born in the same state. They reared eight children, Morris being the second. When he was eight years old the family removed to Allegany County, New York, where he grew up, and from his fifteenth j^ear he was engaged at the trade of cabinet maker, which he continued three years. For the following three years he worked at the millwright trade, and then gave his attention to carpentering and farming till 1869. Moving to Bates County, Missouri, remained till October, 1870, then coming to Appleton City, where he embarked in the hardware, business, opening the first store of the kind in this city. He received the first bill of goods which entered the place, obtaining them before the town was named. After two years of mer- cantile life he disposed of his stock. In 1872 he was appointed justice of the peace, and in 1873 was elected to the same position, and served by re-election nine years. During that time he was a notary public and still holds this position. He is now a member of the city council. Mr. Davis was married June 16. 1839, to Miss Hester Ketchum, of Allegany BIOGRAPHICAL. I lOf County, New York. They have three children: Freeman I., Latanius M. and Lavina M., the latter two being twins. JAMES DITTY, section 35. Prominent among- the pioneer settlers of this county is James Ditty, who was born June 27, 18 17, in Wythe County, West Vir- ginia. His parents were Abraham and Jennie (Ferguson) Ditty and while he was yet in his infancy they removed to Tennessee and settled in what is now Putnam County. In 1839 James Ditty came to St. Clair County and settled where he now resides. He has been married three times, first to Miss Charlotte Fergus, December 8, 1842. She died in the following November and April 14, 1850, he married Miss Elizabeth Burke, who died October 26. 1862, leaving four children: John B., Samuel H., Frances J. and James A. His present wife was Miss Susan Sproul, a native of Missouri. They were married November 5, 1864, and have five children: Francis R., Pike M., Dilly A., Nora and Elizabeth. Mn Ditty has a farm of 33s acres, 300 of which are well improved. He is one of the leading farmers of his section of the county and has done much in developing the interests of St. Clair County. ABRAM C. DITTY, section 26. One of the oldest settlers of St. Clair County, is he whose name heads this sketch. Mr. Ditty has lived in this county nearly half a century, having been brought here in 1838, when but one j^ear old. He was born in the adjoining county of Henry on November 3, 1837, his father subsequently settling on the farm, upon which the son now lives. The senior Ditty dying in 1847, the remainder of the family returned to Tennessee, where Abram lived with his grandfather until sixteen years old, when he again came to St. Clair County. In 1862 he served a short time in Company E, Sixteenth Regim-ent, and in 1864 in Company A, Wood's Battalion of Price's army, and was with the forces at the surrender at Shreveport in May, 1865. Spending a few months in Saline County, he then came back to St. Clair in August of the same year, and on the 22d of the following February was married to Miss Fannie Yonce, daughter of Andrew Yonce. She was born in St. Clair County October ii, 1840. Seven children have been born to them: Wil- liam F., Robert E., James iVf., OUie N., Charles A., Wade H. and Edna E. Mr. Ditty's farm contains 140 acres, well improved, upon which, at a cost of several hundred dollars, he has built a commodious house. He is prominent in the educational matters of this district. U08 IlISTORV OK ST. CLAIR COUN'IY. JOSIAM DODGE was born in Wasliington County, Tennessee, November 19. 1827. lie was there reared till seventeen years of age, when he settled in Pulaski County, Missouri, engaging in farming. In 184C he enlisted in the Mexi- can war under Captain Stein at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and served in Company D., First Dragoons of Kentucky, till September 28, 1848. During his service he was wounded with a lance in the thigh, and at Tucker's Bayou was thrown from his horse, which disabled him for some time. In 1848 he returned to Pulaski County, Missouri, where he remained till i8;)0. Emigrating to California, he mined and dealt in stock till September, 1879. when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He has a fine farm of 200 acres under cultivation. Mr. Dodge was mar- ried September 8, 1853, to Miss Lucy Willoughby. They had six child- ren, four of whom are living: Ellen, Charles, Jefferson and William. Mrs. Dodge's death occurred in January, 1863. He was again married January 18, 1864, to Miss Margaret Underwood, of Jackson County, Mis- souri-. They had one child, Josiah B. His second wife died in August, 1866, and he was subsequently married to Elizabeth Fames September 28. 1868. His present wife was formerly Betty Kirby, a native of Ten- nessee. They have had five children: Kirby, Lydia, Lucy, Jeriel and Jessie. FREDOLIN EGGER, was born June 5, 1827, in canton of Glarus, Switzerland, being the oldest of five children, born to John B. P^gger and his wife, formerh' Anna Elmer. During the persecution of the followers of Martin Luther in 1530, the Egger family emigrated from Austria to Switzerland, where for many years they occupied a prominent position in the history of that country. Fredolin Egger, grandfather of Fredolin was a leading citizen of the canton of Glarus, one of the first manufacturers of Switzerland, and very prominent in the state until his accidental death in 18 17 in the fifty-sixth year of his age. His son, John Balthasar Egger was born June 5, 1794, in the canton of Glarus, where he was a manufacturer of paper. He died in 1870. The maternal grandfather of Fredolin was John Henry Elmer, a well known politician of Switzerland, and at one time ambass- ador to Sardinia, and representative of his canton in the Swiss Congress. His son, Jacob Elmer also represented the canton of Glarus in council. Fredolin Egger attended the high schools of his canton until sixteen years old, when he was sent to the university of Lausanne, Switzerland. On leaving college he traveled for one year through France. Returning home he became salesman and traveling agent for his father, and was thus engaged until 1850. In that jear he came to America, traveled through the Mississippi valley, and located in the Swiss colony of New ^ BIOGRAPHICAL. IIO9 Glarus, Wisconsin. At that place he was occupied in merchandising until 1853, when he returned to Switzerland. In the spring of 1854, having been appointed agent for the colony he returned to Wisconsin and for two years performed duties pertaining to his position. He received high commendation from his employers in the form of a written certificate, as follows : The undersigned emigrant committee certify by these presents that Messrs, Fredolin Egger and Frederick Streiff, of New Glarus, Wiscon- sin, appointed by power of attorney, dated 1854. as our representatives, have as such affected a complete liquidation of the interests of our society in the colony of New Glarus, to our entire satisfaction, and that we have found their accounts with us in perfect conformity, as well as duly received the ultimate balance in favor of this society. The undersigned regard it further as their duty to testify their sin- cere thanks to said Messrs. Egger and Streiff, for the intelligent and energetic manner in which they have conducted our affairs in the colony, relieving them herewith of all and every responsibility in this matter. At the same time, and in conclusion, the undersigned cannot help expressing their deep regret at the ungrateful behavior on the part of our former countrymen who have enjoyed our protection have blamed themselves by the continual vexation of ourselves and of our said rep- resentatives. Done in Schwanden, Canton of Glarus, Switzerland. To the President of the Emigration Committee. [SEAL] PETER JENNY, Counselor and Member of Government. Mr. E. acted as agent for the colony for two years and at the end of that time started in the mercantile and private banking business. He also served as postmaster and justice of the peace until 1874 when not being suited with the condition of the country and wishing to change his business he settled at Appleton City, St. Claii County, Missouri, and engaged in the banking business. He is a member of the Swiss Reformed Church and also belongs to the Knights of Pythias. He was married April 22, 1854, to Miss Anna Streiff, daughter of Thomas and Anna (Elmer) Streiff, of the Canton of Glarus, of Switzerland. They had eleven child- ren, six of whom are living: John B., Thomas, Fredolin, Catherine, Fannie and Anna. Mrs. Egger died December 21, 1865, and Mr. E. was married June 10, 1866, to his second wife, Mrs. Catharine (Zweife) Walcher. JACOB J. EYE, section 4, is a native of Pendleton County, West Virginia, and was born October 20, 1840, He was brought up in the occupation of farming, and continued it at his birthplace till March, 1870, when he came to Missouri, locating in Henry County, near the St. Clair County line. In 1872, he settled on his present farm. He has a fine tract of 282 acres, well improved. Mr. Eye was married May 10, 1862, to Miss T. Davis, who mo HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. came originally from West Virginia. They have eight children: Mar\- r., Floyd D., Ulra C, Jacob F., Robert L., James V., Gertie M., and an infant. Mr. E. was a soldier in Company K, Twenty-fifth Virginia Reg- iment, and served through the war. WALTER R. FARNHAM was born in Genesee County, New York, June 24, 1835. In 1842 his father's family removed to Erie County, New York, where thej- resided till 1850, in that year going to Winnebago County, Illinois. Here Wal- ter farmed till May, i86g, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, locating on a farm near where Appleton City now stands. Since his arrival in this county he has improved several farms and has done more than his share toward the improvement of this township. He settled on his present place, which consists of 250 acres, 200 being in one bod\', in the spring of 1883. Mr. Farnham was married February 10, 1861, to Miss Clara A. Mann, a native of Canada, born August ii, 1832. They have three children living: Etta A., Helen M. and Eunice F. THOMAS F. GEORGE, section 7, a native of Logan County, Ohio, was born August 23, 1833. When four years of age he accompanied the family to Madison Count}-, Indiana, where he was reared on his father's farm, there receiving his education. In 1863 he enlisted in Company B, 134th Indiana Regiment, serving till October, 1865, and in that year he moved to Jackson County. Missouri. After residing there three years he came to St. Clair Count}-, settling where he now resides in the spring of 1869. His farm consists of eighty-two acres. Mr. George was married March 4, 1S54, to Miss Prudence Cumins, a native of Ohio. They have one child, Francis. They are members of the M. E. Church. HARRY M. GRANTLEY, attorney and notary public, a leading and enterprising man of Apple- ton City, was born at Oxford, England, July lO, 'iSSO, and is the seventh of ten children of an old established English family. At the age of seventeen years he came to New York, where he remained until 1S71, when, moving further west, he located at Hloomington, Illinois. October 2, 1872, he was united in marriage to Miss Susan Dimmitt, daughter of William Dimmitt, a prominent citizen of Bloomington. In the spring of 1874, Mr. Grantley came to Missouri and located at Butler where he lived a short time, then choosing Appleton Cit}- as a more desirable point to enter into the jiractice of his profession. He was soon after BIOGRAPHICAL. IIII admitted to the bar of St. Clair County and has since been engaged in the practice of law. He has shown a commendable public spiritedness in promoting the interests of the town, and is the spring of 1881 erected, at a cost of $17,000, the Durley Opera House. He is identified with the I. O. O. F. and is a Knight Templar. Mr. Grantley and wife have five children: Edith M., Alice S., Arthur W., Harry W. and Grace E. JOHN D. HEDRICK, dealer in clothing and gent's furnishing goods, is a native of Bates County, Missouri, and was born January 10, 1847. He was reared on his father's farm till thirteen years of age, when he left home, and was engaged in farm work till June, 1862, then enlisting in Company D, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, and serving till July, 1865. Going to St. Clair County, Illinois, he remained three months, then returned to Bates County, Mis- souri, where he farmed two years. In 1872, he came to Appleton City with a team of mules and a wagon, which he traded for a small stock of groceries, giving in addition his note for seventy-five dollars. By hon- esty, perseverance and energy, he has attained the well merited position of being recognized as one of the successful and solid merchants of this city. In 1875, he added a general stock of goods, and the following year his brother, C. O. Hedrick, became a member of the firm, which was known as Hedrick Brothers, till August, 1882. Then John Hedrick took charge of the clothing department, and has since continued the same. He carries a large stock of goods, and is doing a prosperous business. Mr. H. was married, November 19, 1875, to Miss Mary M. Compton, of Bates County, Missouri. They have five children: Frank D., Charlie, Roy C, Lulu and Otto. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and the A. O. U. W. fraternities. CHARLES HILTON is the popular editor of the Appleton City Journal. The subject of this sketch came originally from Washington County, Virginia, where he was born May 11, 1856. He resided in that vicinity till 1868, when the family removed to Marion, Illinois. There he began learning the print- ing trade in 1870, which he continued till 1878. Coming to Appleton City, he held a position on the Voice of the People for two years, and worked on the cases of the Advocate at Clinton, Missouri, for six months. Going to Osceola he resumed his connection with the Voice of the People, being its local editor, for ten months, when he accepted the foremanship of the Journal office in this city. In November, 1882, he became its editor and publisher. Mr. Hilton was married January 22, 1882, to Miss Anna Barnes, a native of Osceola, Missouri. Mr. H, deserves great credit for the success which he has made in his profes- I I 12 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. sion. He was left an orphan at an early age, and his efforts to rise in life were made under many difficulties, and, though enemies assailed him on every point, he has risen»steadily and received a well merited posi- tion. He publishes one of the best papers in the county, and his repu- tation as an honest, upright man is well known. ELIAS HINKLEY, section 23, was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, May 8, 1830. When he was ten years of age his father removed to Richland County, Ohio, and four years after to Noble County, Indiana. About 1856 Elias spent one year in Wisconsin, but returned to Indiana, where he resided until 1866. From that time until 1879, when he came to Missouri, he was engaged in milling in Michigan in the counties of Eaton and Mont- calm. Since coming to this state Mr. Hinkley has been farming, and now has a well improved farm of eighty acres. He was married Octo- ber 20, 1855, to Miss Mary J. Warner, a native of Ohio. They have seven children: Corydon D., Ada, Leora, Cassias M., Harry B., C. C. and Bertie E. JAMES HODKINS was born November 14, 1830, in Brown County, Ohio, being the fifth of seven children and the only one now living. His father, also named James, a native of Kentucky, was born near Lexington in 1795. His mother's maiden name was Sarah Cross, born about the same time as her husband in Brown County, Ohio. Their lives were spent in Ohio, both dying some twenty years ago. Young Hodkins was reared on the home farm, and in his eighteenth year he began to teach school, which he followed for several years. He had taken a course in vocal music at the Musical Academy of Decatur, Ohio, and employed some of his time as instructor of music. In 1855 he began a mercantile business at Hig- ginsport, Ohio, which he followed until 1869, when he located at Hud- son, Missouri, and in 1870 came to Appleton City, opening the first store at that place. After remaining here three years he went to the Osage Iron Works, where he managed the company's store for some months. He then returned and for three years had charge of the Galena House, now Appleton House. For about seven years Mr. Hodkins has been bookkeeper for Wyckoff & McFarlane and has repeatedly held the office of justice of the peace, and being a prominent school man, has been placed upon the school board, where he has done much to advance the interests of the public school of this city. He was married October 14, 1S56, to Miss Henrietta Bryan, a native of the same state as himself. Her death occurred October i, 1876, she leaving four children: Sallie 1^., Charles E., living, and Olive H. and Clarence M., now dead. Mr. H. BIOGRAPHICAL. III3 was again married April 21, 1880, to Miss Mary E. Bryrus, also of Ohio. They have one child, Mary C. Mr. Hodkins has been a Mason for nearly thirty years. JOHN R. HOPKINS, attorney, dealer in real estate and collecting agent, was born in Clinton County Kentucky, February 12, 1843. He lived there till 1850, when the family removed to St. Clair County, Missouri, and here John was principally reared, following the occupation of farming. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company B., Sixteenth Missouri Regiment, Confed- erate States Army, and served till parolled at Shreveport, Louisiana, June 8, 1865. He then went to Paris Texas, where he remained till November, 1865, when he returned to this county. In the spring of 1866 he made a trip to Montana Territory. After his return he resumed •farming until 1868, when he embarked in the business at Chalk Level, there continuing till September, 1870. The succeeding two years he was in business in Lowry City, Missouri. In 1872 he removed to Osce- ola and edited the St. Clair County Democrat for three years. Coming to Appleton City, Missouri, he engaged in the drug business under the firm name of F. McCrary & Co., and afterwards W. G. Browning & Co., which in one year was changed to Hopkins & Woodberry. They sold out in June, 1881. Mr. H. then, with his former partner, embarked in the wholesale cigar and tobacco business in Kansas City, and he is still interested in this business. In May, 1882, he returned to this city and has since been occupied in his present calling. He was married Octo- ber 31, 1867, to Miss Martha J. Browning, a native of Missouri. They have four children: Susan A., Emma, Frank and Lizzie. During 1866 and 1867 he held the position of deputy sheriff. Mr. H. is a member of the Masonic fraternity and also of the A. O. U. W. GEORGE W. JOHN, of the firm of G. W. John & Co., grain dealers, owes his nativity to Delaware County, Indiana, where he was born March 24, 1833. From his fourteenth year he was reared in Wayne County, Indiana, where he also received his education, having made farming his occupation from his youth. In October, 1868, he emigrated to Missouri, and settled near Roscoe, St. Clair County, and was there engaged in farming till the fall of 1872. Locating on a farm on Ohio Prairie he followed agricultural pursuits till June, 1878. He then came to Appleton City and embarked in the grain business. Mr. John was married May 18, 1853, to Miss Lucy Goetel, of Pennsylvania. They have five children: Curtis E., Mary V., Lincoln, Hudson B. and Elmer E. Mr. J. is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. He belongs to the M. E. Church. 1114 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. THOiMAi^W. JUDY, farmer, section 5, a native of Montgomery County, Kentuck)-, was born August 13, 1842, his parents being Jeremiah V. and Lucelia (Allen) Judy. Kentuckians by birth. The former died in April, 1862. In 1843. the family removed to Cooper County, Missouri, where Thomas grew up on a farm. In 1859, he emigrated to California, and was there engaged in freighting and mining. In the fall of 1869. he returned to Cooper County, Missouri, and the following spring again visited California, embarking in mercantile pursuits at Wheatland. In 1879. ^^ retraced his steps to Missouri, settling in St. Clair County. He now has a fine farm of 1 50 acres. Mr. Judy was married June 28, 1874, to Miss Nettie Kesner, originally from Pennsylvania. They have four children: Maud> Fred, Murray and Harry. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternit\'. MOSES B. KINCHELOE, M. D. Among the well known professional men of St. Clair Count)' may be mentioned the subject of this sketch. He is a native of Spencer County, Kentucky, and was born October 6, 1S45. His father, Almanj'or Kincheloe, was also born in that county P'ebruary 6, 1816, and his grand- father, Jesse, an eminent physician, was a native of Virginia. The mother of Moses, formerly Elvira Buckner, was born in Spencer County July 4, 182 1. She was a daughter of Moses V. Buckner, who was born in that county April 12, 1799. Moses B. was the second child ot a fam- ily of five children. His mother's death occurred in October, 1856, and his early life was spent in acquiring his primary education and working on a farm. In 1868 he took a literary course at the Georgetown College ot Kentucky. In 1869 he taught school and passed his leisure hours in reading medicine under Dr. H. D. Rodman. He attended the Medical University of Louisville, Kentucky, and afterward settled in Bullitt County, Kentucky. In 1873 he attended another course of lectures and was graduated in the spring of 1874. In 1879 he came to Appleton Cit\'. Missouri, and opened an office. In the spring of 1S80 he formed a part- nership with Dr. W. E. Shelton, this relation existing till January, 1881, since which time he has been alone. Dr. K. was united in marriage July 7, 188 1, to Mrs. Nannie Neeley, whose maiden name was Royce, a native of Richmond, Kentuck\-. He is a member of the Masonic fra- ternity. RICHARD T. KING. section 2, was born in Washington County. Tennessee, November 28, 1817. He was reared in his native count}' till twenty years of age. His parents, James and Lydia (Tilton) King, were of Scotch-English descent. J BIOGRAPHICAL. II 15 The death of the former occurred in March, 1856, his widow dying in June, 1859. When twenty years old James, with the family, removed to McDonough County, Illinois, where he resided twelve years. Going to Warren County, Illinois, he was prominently occupied in farming, and there he still owns land. In September, 1879, he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and in February, 1879, bought and settled where he now resides. He has 160 acres of well irriproved farm land and is one of our substantial farmers. Mr. King was married November 28, 1839, to Miss Martha A. Holden, a native of Ohio. They have eight children: Phoebe, William, James M., Jonathan H., Mirah H., Isabel L., Franklin T. and Charles W. While a resident of Wan en County, Illinois, Mr. K. was supervisor of Pleasant Township and a justice of the peace for twelve years. EDWARD M. KING. dealer in books, stationery, confectionery, toys, etc., was born in Brown County, Ohio, February' 7, 1846. He was reared to manhood in his native county and in 1861-2 he attended the Antioch College, of Yellow Springs, Ohio. During the terms of 1862-3-4, he was a student at the Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, and in 1864-5 he took a commercial course at Bryant & Stratton's College, of Cleveland. In January, 1865, he went to Thibodaux, Louisiana, where he was engaged in the grocery and pro- vision business until the spring of 1868. Returning to Ohio, he remained at home until the fall of that year. He then came to Missouri, settling in Hudson, Bates County, where he was occupied in trade, till the fall of 1869, when he moved his stock of goods to Appleton City. The firm was at that time known as King & Hcdkins. They erected one of the first buildings in the place and were occupied in the grocery trade till the spring of 1872. In the spring of 1873, Mr. King embarked in his present business, which he has made a great success. He was united in marriage January 28, 1880, with Jennie M. Burton, a native of Randolph County, Missouri. They have one child, an infant. He is a member of the Masonic order, and of the Presbyterian church. JOSEPH KLEIN, of the firm of Klein Bros., merchants at Appleton City, is a native of Austria, and was born April 18, 1848. When he was nine years old the family emigrated to America and settled in St. Louis, Missouri, where he was educated in the common schools of that city. When eighteen years of age he began to learn the confectionery trade and was so engaged for four years. P^or eighteen months thereafcer he was occu- pied in the rope works in New St. Louis. There he was employed as salesman for different firms until 1870 when he engaged in the clothing IIl6 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. business. In 1S73 he came to this city and clerked for S. Klein & Bros. In 1876 he became a member of the firm. Mr. K. was married April II, 1880, to Miss Helen Wolman, a native of Germany. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and belongs to Queen City Lod<^e, No. 258, I. O. H. R., of Scdalia, Missouri. PHILIP KLEIN, of the well known establishment of Klein Bros., came originally from Austria, where he was born February 27, 1850. When he was about seven years old the family came to America and settled in St. Louis, Missouri. When sixteen years old he became engaged in the trade of baker in St. Louis, working for thirteen months. Then for two and a half years he was occupied with his father in the pottery business. After being employed as a clerk in a clothing store until 1863, he started in the clothing business with his brothers in St. Louis. In 1867 he went to Vicksburg, Mississippi. In March, 1870, he came to Appleton City, and with his brother, S. Klein, established himself in business. Mr. K. was married April 6, 188 1, to Miss Sarah Sicher, of St. Louis. He is a mem- ber of Queen City Lodge, No. 258, I. O. B. B. ELIJAH S. KNOWLES, section 16, is a native of Gibson County, Indiana, and was born Decem- ber 18, 1834. When three years old he was brought by the family to Logan County, Illinois, where they resided till 1844. They then removed to Menard County, Illinois, and there our subject was engaged in farm- ing with his father till the spring of 1856. Going to McClennan Count\\ Texas, he resided in that locality till 1864, when visited Mexico. He traveled extensively through that country, and in November, 1864, returned to Menard County, Illinois, where he remained till February, 1866. Coming thence to Butler County, Missouri, he farmed till the fall of 1868, and then, after a short residence in Iron County, Missouri, set- tled in Washington County, Missouri. November 13, 1872, he came to St. Clair County, and in the spring of 1873 located on his farm, which consists of 120 acres. Mr. K. is a class leader in the M. E. Church, and a well known Sunday School worker. He is also a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. He was married November 21, 1858, to Miss Mary J. Taylor, of Illinois. They have eight children: Charles E., Robert S., Albert D., James T., Mary E., Adam, Virgil W. and Gracie. JOHN W. LQUGH, section 12, a native of West Virginia, was born in "Pendleton County May 12, 1835. His parents, Michael and Phcebe H. Lough, were natives BIOGRAPHICAL. HI/ of that county, as was also John Lough, the grandfather of John W. Michael Lough died in 1852. Our subject was reared and educated at his birthplace, and when seventeen years old began working at the car- pentering trade, which he continued until July, 1862. Then he enlisted in Company K., Sixty-second West Virginia Infantry, Confederate ser- vice. In 1865 he returned home and remained until October, 1869, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. His farm is one of the best in the county and contains 480 acres Mr. Lough is a stock feeder and dealer of considerable prominence. He was married November 7, i860, to Miss Jane Waggoner, of West Virginia, by whom he had two child- ren, Robert D. and Albert L. She died September 7, 1867. He was again married April 23, 1875, to Miss Julia Stubbs, of Illinois. They have one child, Effie L. Mr. L. is a member of the A. O. U. W. frater- nity and belongs to the Presbyterian Church. WILLIAM B. McNEMAR, of the firm of J. F. Boyd & Co., extensive dealers in lumber, was born in Hardy County, West Virginia, October 27, 1844. His father, Elias McNemar, was a native of Virginia as also was his mother, formerly Katherine Hilky. They reared eight children, of whom William B. was the seventh. At the age of eighteen years he emigrated to McLean County, Illinois, and there farmed till 1870. He was then engaged in clerical work at Lexington, Illinois, one year, after which he became an employee of Chasey, Mayham & Co., grain dealers at that point, with whom he remained till the fall of 1876. Coming to Appleton City he again gave his attention to the grain business here and at Montrose till 1878 when he became manager of Wyatt & Boyd's lumber business. In February, 1882, he entered as managing partner into the firm which is now known as J. F. Boyd & Co. Mr. McNemar was married July 3, 1881, to Miss Emma McCorkle, a native of Iowa. They have one child, Mary E. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity and is a Good Templar. He also belongs to the Christian Church. GEORGE MARKEY, real estate, loan, and insurance agent, is a native of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, and was born December 6, 1847. His father, James Markey, was born in Ohio about the year 18 11, and his mother, formerly Sarah E. Norris, was also a native of the same state. When George was three years old, the family removed to Noble County, Ohio, where he was reared and received a common school education. In February, 1864, he enlisted in Company C, Twenty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served till mustered out August 7, 1865. Returning to Ohio, he settled IIl8 niSTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. in Monroe County, and attended school for eic^hteen months. He then entered the employ of a prominent stock dealer, with whom he remained till the spring of 1870, when he came to Pettis County, Missouri, and lived there until the fall of 1873. ^^e was engaged in the grocery busi- ness at Dresden, Missouri, until May, 1874, and for the following two years he sold goods at Ridge Prairie, Saline County. Thence in Novem- ber, 1876, h • went to Hughsville, Pettis County, Missouri, where he was occupied in trade till December, 1877. He then came to Appleton City and in the spring of 1878, he engaged in his present business. Mr. M. was married July 4, 1868, to Miss Mary J. Hartline, a native of Ohio They had six children: Etta S., Beulah J., George W., Gracie H., Mary D., William T. J. His wife's death occurred January 21, 1883. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and also of the A. O. U. W. and belongs to the M. E. Church. CHARLES MOORE, section 28, was born in Troy, New York, June 15, 1829. When four years of age he was taken to Richland County, Ohio, where he grew to manhood, there being educated in the common schools. He was engaged in farming and stock dealing in Ohio until 1859, when he removed to Detroit, Michigan, where his attention was given to the lumber business for two years. In 1861 he went to Chicago and enlisted in Company C, Twenty-third Illinois, in the famous Milligan's brigade. He was dis- charged at New Creek, West Virginia, June 15, 1864. He then enlisted in Company A. Nineteenth Regiment, Regular army, and was discharged at Fort Arbuckle, Indian Territory, in July, 1867. After this he went to Fort Smith, Arkansas, and then came to Sedalia with a drove of cattle. Returning to Ohio he remained until September, 1873, when he located in St. Clair County, Missouri. He has since been engaged in farming, and now owns a fine farm of 420 acres. Mr. Moore was married Novem- ber 19, 1871, to Miss Catherine Miller. They have four children: Wil- liam C, Katie, John H. and Laura R. JOHN A. J. MOORE, of the well known firm of Moore Bros., proprietors of planing mill and contractors and builders, owes his nativity to Rutland County, Vermont, where he was born March 24, 1848. He remained there till sixteen years of age, when he went to Wayne County, Michigan, where he lived till_ 1866. Going thence to Wisconsin, he worked at the carpenter's trade. In June, 1869, he came to Henry County, Missouri, where he engaged in contracting and building. In 1871 he went to Osceola, and in April, 1872, became occupied in mining in Colorado. After three years he was in San Francisco, California, and Port Gamble, Washington Territory, BIOCxRAPHICAL. III9 until December, 1876, when he returned to Henry County, Missouri. In May, 1877, he came to this city and commenced contracting. From 188 1 to 1882 he was in Butler, Missouri, managing a planing mill. In March, 1882, he returned and erected his present mill. Mr. Moore was married January 2, 1881, to Miss Lillie Childres, of Missouri. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and is also a Good Templar. ANDREW J. MOORE, also a member of the firm of Moore Brothers, came originally from Rut- land County, Vermont, having been born there June 6, 1846. He was reared in that locality, and from his youth followed the carpenter's trade. In September, 1868, he moved to Dunn County, Wisconsin, where he remained till June, 1869, then coming to Benton County, Missouri, where he resided one year. In December, 1870, he removed to Osceola, Mis- souri, and engaged in contracting and building till 1878, when he came to Appleton City. In the fall of 1880 he went to Butler, Missouri, and conducted a planing mill till March, 18S2, when he returned to Appleton City. Here he and his brother have since been occupied in their present business. Mr. Moore was married May 12, 1869, to Miss Joanna Ryan, of Connecticut. They have three children, Mattie V., Callie A. and Alman. GEORGE MOODY, proprietor of the Appleton City Marble Works, was born in Boston, Massachusetts, March 28, 1853, and was a son of Joseph and Johanna (Drummond) Moody, who were natives of Scotland. George remained in his native city till seventeen years of age, when he went to Fort Scott, Kansas, there engaging in the marble business. He remained till 1876; then came to Appleton and established his present business, which is perhaps the largest in his line in Southwest Missouri. He has a branch house at Lamar, Missouri. Mr. Moody was married August 23, 1874, to Miss Ida Manning, a native of St. Louis, Missouri. They have three children: Albert, Mabel J. and an infant. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. ANDREW NAYLOR was born in Highland County, Ohio, November 19, 1852. His father,. James H. Naylor, was a native of that county and was born in 1818. His mother, formerly Jane Kincaid, came originally from the same state. They had seven children, Andrew being the youngest. When seven years of age the family moved to Brown County, Ohio, and lived there until 1867, when they settled in Henry County, Missouri, near Windsor. From December, 1867, to the spring of 1868 he attended school at Clin- 1 120 IIISTOKV OK ST. CLAIR COUNTV. ton, Missouri. In 1868 he was engaged at tiie trade of carriage paint- ing, which he continued two years. Going to Hutler, Missouri, he worked at that trade till September, 1872, when he came to Appleton City and clerked with different firms until January, 1883. He then established himself in the grocery trade. Mr. Naylor was married Januarj' 18, 187S, to Miss Sarah B. Hodkins, of Ohio, a daughter of James Hodkins. They have one child, Charles A. He is a member of the Masonic order. JOHN B. PAYNE, of the firm of Payne & Son, proprietors of livery and feed stable, was born in Upshire County, West Virginia, November 2, 1856. He remained in the vicinity of his birthplace until ten years of age, when, with the family, he came to Henry County, Missouri. He was brought up there and received his education, living in that county until, with his father, he established his present business, in November, 1881. The building which they occupy is 140x30 feet, two stories in height and contains a good stock of horses, buggies, etc. Mr. Payne is a-member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and is also a Good Templar. JAMES CHRISTOPHER PHILLIPS, presiding judge of St. Clair County, was born in Simpson County, Ken- tucky, September 12, 1849, being the son of James Phillips, of Georgia. His mother, formerly Margaret F. Black, was a Kentuckian by birth. James Phillips had four children by his first marriage and si'x by the last. Of these the subject of this sketch is the third child. His mother died in 1879 while on a visit to this county. His father is still living in Ken- tucky at the advanced age of almost eighty-two years. James C. came to Missouri in 1872 and settled in Henry Count}-, remaining there five years. He then removed to Appleton Township, this county, where he owns a farm of 240 acres on section 4. He is one of the progressive men of this county, keeping well apace with all the improvements of the day. With the exception of a small sum received from his father, he has been the architect of his own fortune. His education was obtained at the common schools yet he had an enquiring mind, and by reading and study has acquired such knowledge as has qualified him for important positions in life. He married Miss Mary L. Harris in 1869. She was the daughter of Eli R. Harris, of Simpson County, Kentucky. Her mother was Lucinda Bland, daughter of Milton Bland, of Kentucky. Mr. Phillips is a Democrat and belongs to the Christian Church. He was elected presiding judge of the county court in November, 1882. JOHN R. PICKER ILL is a native of Ripley, Brown Count}', Ohio, was born Jul}- 26, 1843. He was brought up upon his father's farm and followed that occupation till BIOGRAPHICAL. I 121 the breaking out of the war, when he enlisted in September, 1861, in Company M, Fifth Ohio Cavalry Regiment, serving three years and three months. After this he returned home and in February, 1865, came to Henry County, Missouri, where he engaged in farming. In 1870 he came to Appleton City, and embarked in the grocery business, con- tinuing the same for two years. In January, iS/r, he was appointed postmaster and held that position four years, being the first postmaster appointed at Appleton. In 1875 he established himself in the livery and stock business, the former of which he now continues. Mr. Pickerill was married in August, 1874, to Miss Allie McCorkle, a native of Indi- ana. His first marriage, however, occurred to Miss Hannah Rice, Octo- ber 27, 1865. They had two children: George R., and Willie S. Mr. P. was mayor of Appleton City, from April, 1880, to April, 1882. RANSOM M. RAYMOND, of the Appleton City Carriage Works, came originally from Orleans County, New York, where he was born April 30, 1838. When four years old he was taken by the family to Benton County, Missouri, where he was reared on his father's farm. In 1858 he moved to Quincy, Hickory County. In 1861 he enlisted in Compahy A, Eighth Missouri Cavalry, and served until discharged, January 25, 1865. Returning to Quincy, he worked at the blacksmith trade until 1868. when he went to Greenfield, Dade County, where he lived until 1876. Then he established his pres- ent business in Appleton City. Mr. Raymond was married June i, 1865, to Miss Harriet B. J. Long, of Dade County, Missouri. Thej^ have six children: Lulu, Ottie, Helen, Frank, Alice and Robert. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. ABRAM W. ROBINSON, was born in Peoria County, Illinois, October, 18, 1841. His father, William Robinson, was born in Jefferson County, Virginia, November 27, 18015. He came to Peoria County, Illinois, in 1827, and remained there until his death, which occurred at his home in Medina Township, September 14, 1881. He was married in 1833 to Catharine Wiedman who was born in Champaign County, Ohio. They had a family of six children, four sons and two daughters. The subject of this sketch was the third son and was brought up on his father's farm, receiving his education at the com- mon schools during the winter. He lost his mother at the age of eight years. With the outburst of the civil strife in i86[, he responded to the nation's call for troops and enlisted in the three months' service, returning at the expiration of that time. For several years after that he was employed by the government in buying cattle and shipping them I 122 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. to the armies in the South, until ill health obliged him to discontinue the business. After the war he spent about a year in St. Louis and in traveling. He then returned to Macoupin County, Illinois, and worked as a farm hand. He then rented a farm for awhile, and in October, 1871, with what he had accumulated, he came to St. Clair County and bought 160 acres in section 15. The 14th day of January, 1872, he commenced its improvement, and by hard labor, toiling in a way utterly detrimental to his health, earned and built up a home. (October 22. 1873, he married Miss Cora H. Clark, who was born in DuPage County, Illinois, October 9, 1848. Her father, David H. Clark, was struck dead by lightning March 17, 1850. (Mr. Robinson's mother died the next day, the iSth of March, 1850). He was born in Ohio and was one of the first settlers in Illinois. He married Mary Jarvis, who was born in New York. Her parents were among the first settlers in Illinois and her father built the first frame house in Chicago. She died in St. Clair County, Missouri, May 2, 1872. Mr. Robinson bought in 1875, 160 acres of land in section 23. In 1878 he purchased eighty acres more, and in 1879, five acres in section i, also owning forty acres in section 16. He was a great worker and a warm friend to the poor and those in need of assistance. He was the father of three children: Frank C, born April 19, 1875; Roy D., born June 25, 1876, and Harry R., born July 13, 1879. The summer of 1 88 1 he bought a steam threshing machine and went with that part of the summer and fall. November 5 he was injured by slipping from the step of a wagon box and this terminated in pneumonia fever. He died December i, 1881. He was a member of the A. F. & A. M. fraternity for twelve years and his burial was conducted by them the following Sunday. A large concourse of friends followed him to his last resting place — the Appleton cemetery. WILLIAM E. SHELTON, M. D. was born in Spartanburg District, South Carolina, August 5, 1838. His father, Michael Shelton, was a native of Pittsylvania County, Virginia, but was reared in South Carolina. His mother, Delila (Keller) Shelton, was born in South Carolina. Their family consisted of six children, our subject being the youngest. In 1845 they removed to Lexington, Mis- souri, where Mrs. S. died in 1857, and Mr. S. in 1863. In 1858 William removed to Warrenton, Warren County, Missouri, and the fall following (1859) began the study of medicine under Dr. C. D. Strother, with whom he remained as a student until 1S61. In i86i-2 he attended the St. Louis Medical College. In March, 1863, he enlisted in Company D. First Mississippi Regiment, Light Artillery, C. S. A., and was taken prisoner in the rear of Vicksburg, and held at Camp Morton, Indian- apolis, Indiana, till February, 1865. The succeeding three months he BIOGRAPHICAL. II 23 spent in Mississippi. About June, 1865, he returned to Warren County, Missouri, and October 10, 1865, came to St. Clair County, and was act- ively engaged in the practice of medicine near Johnson City till 1870. In that year he went to Papinville, Bates County, Missouri, and devoted his attention to his profession for three months. Going back to Johnson City he resided there till October, 1872, when he came to Appleton City, Since his arrival here he has been a prominent practitioner. During the term of 188 1-2 he attended the Bellevue Hospital Medical College of New York, and graduated from that institution at the expiration of that term. He is a member of the Masonic order and has attained to the Templar degrees. He also belongs to the I. O. O. F., and is a prominent member of the Good Templars. Dr. Shelton was mayor of this city in 1873-4-5. and has been chairman of the school board for the past eight years. He was united in marriage in April, 1866, to Miss Elizabeth Dodgson, a native of this county. They have three children, Mitchell C, John D. and Theodocia H. CHRISTOPHER SHOE, proprietor of the Apipleton City Mills, came originally from Germany, where he was born July 23, 1831. When he was two and a half years old thefamilyemigrated to America, locating in Richland County, Ohio, which was their home for six years. Moving thence to Rock Island County, Illi- nois, they lived there one year, and then farmed in Scott County, Iowa, until 184.9. For five years they gave their attention to saw milling and after this farmed and operated a saw mill alternately each for three years. Going to Union County of the same state, Mr. Shoe ran a saw mill ami carding factory, which was destroyed by fire. As a result he erected a large grist and saw mill, conducting it for five years. In 1869 he came to St. Clair County and engaged in farming. In September, 1877, he erected his present large mills. He is also a prominent farmer of the county, owning one of the finest farms in this section. Mr. Shoe was married September 22, 1847, to Miss Nancy Forgey, a native of Indiana. They have nine children : Margaret, David, Esther, Mary, John W., Christopher L., Sarah E., William E., and Nancy L. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. In 1873, he was one of the county commis- sioners. WILLIAM B. STOUT, of the firm of Stout & Co., is a native of Harrison County, West Vir- ginia, and was born July 3, 1854. His father, also originally of that state, was born November 4, 1818. His mother, whose maiden name was Amanda Blake, was born in West Virginia August 5, 18 16. They had eight children, William being the sixth child. His father died Sep- 1 124 HISTORY OF ST. CI.AIK COUNTY. tember 24, 1876. He resided in the county of his birth until sixteen years old, when the family came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and here he farmed for three years. Then he eni^a^ed in school teachinL,^ which he continued until April, 1881, when he embarked in his present busi- ness. He is a megiber of the Baptist Church. SAMUKL C. STURTEVANT, a descendant of the old Puritan stock, traces his lineage back to the Allerton family, who were on board the Mayflower, and also to the Cush- mans, who, as the agents of the Pilgrims in England, chartered the vessel for the first voyage. Samuel's father, Carleton Sturtevant, was a native of Litchfield County, Connecticut, and in 1823 emigrated to Ruggles. then of Huron, now of Ashland County, Ohio. Our subject was born on July 24, 1838. His primary education was received in the common schools, but this he supplemented with an attendance at Huron Insti- tute, Milan, Ohio. In October, i860, he married Adelaide E. Taylor, a most estimable lady. Emigrating to Bates County, Missouri, Mr. S. set- tled in Deepwater Township in the winter of 1867-68, and devoted his attention to farming and school teaching. He was*R prominent citizen of that county until the summer of 1S82. when he removed to Appleton City. St. Clair County. He has five children: Carleton VV. (now in the class of civil engineers at the State University, Columbia, Missouri), Cora Allerton, Marion Cushman, Adelaide K. and Winfield E. RUDOLPH SUTMILLER. a member of the extensive establishment of Sutmiller & Co., dealers in hardware, stoves, tinware, furniture, etc., is a native of Hanover. Ger- many, and was born July 20, 1840. He was reared in that country, and when fourteen years of age was apprenticed to the cabinet maker's trade, at which he served a term of four years. Emigrating to America, he landed at New Orleans, and there worked six weeks, when he went to St. Louis, Missouri. He followed his trade in that city and vicinity till June, 1862, then enlisting in the United States army, and serving one year. He soon came to Warren County, Missouri, and was engaged in contracting and building six years. He made his home in Clinton for eif^hteen months, after which he came to Appleton City and continued contracting and building, and erected many of the best buildings in the city. In April, 1877, he with his present partner, R. L. Booth, embarked in the hardware business at Schcll City, Missouri, where they had a good trade till 1880. They then removed their business to Appleton City, and now carry a large stock in this line, and are enjoying a lucrative patron- age. Mr. Sutmiller was married June i, 1SS3, to Miss Frances C. Haw- BIOGRAPHICAL. II?5 kins, a native of Illinois. They have two children : Mary E. and Eliza M. They are members of the Lutheran Church. SALATHIAL TALBOT, sections 4 and 5, originally from Barber County, West Virginia, was born October 3, 1832. His parents Robert and Mary (Woodford) Tal- bot, were both natives of that connty, and were there reared and mar- ried. They had a family of thirteen children, of whom our subject was the seventh child. He was brought up on his father's farm, and when nineteen years of age began school teaching, which profession he con- tinued six years. In the fall of 1865 he moved to Henry County, Mis- souri, and resided there till 1872, then returning home. In 1875 he again came to Missouri and located in St. Clair County on his present place. His farm contains 320 acres of choice land in excellent cultivation. Mr. Talbot was married March i, 1854, to Miss Rachel Dickison, of West Virginia. They have had eleven children, eight of whom are now liv- ing: Jasper M., L. D. M., Demetrias W., Salathial S., Mary B., Harriet L. Rosa G. and Myrtle A. They are members of the Baptist Church. During the war Mr. T. enlisted, in 1862, in Company E, Sixty-second Virginia Regiment, and was acting quartermaster of the same toward the close of the war, and at the surrender of General Lee he was com- misary of the Twentieth Virginia Regiment. , ' WILLIAM L. THOMAS (deceased) was born in Nicholas County, Kentucky, August 9, 1809. He was there brought up, following farming till 1850, when he came to Saline County, Missouri. Here he was engaged in farming and stock dealing till 1865. Going to St. Charles County, Missouri, he continued to reside in that locality till 1871, in which year he came to St. Clair County, and at that time had some 1,000 acres of choice land. Mr. Thomas was married May 16, 1866, to Miss Lizzie McFadden, a daugh- ter of John McFadden, of Henry County, Kentucky. Mr. Thomas' death occurred May 8, 1880. He was through life an honest, upright and enterprising man, and his liberality, kindness and benevolence were well known. Almost the last act of this man was a generous one. Mrs. Thomas, since her husband's death, has successfully managed the most of his estate. She is beloved and respected by all who know her. CHARLES M. WHITE, of the firm of White Bros., druggists, is a native of Cedar County, Mis- souri, and was born April 15, 1855. When he was four years old the family removed to Morgan County, Missouri, where he was reared to 1126 IIISTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. manhood there also receiving his education. When seventeen years old he engaged in the drug business as clerk at Versailles, Missouri, where he remained one year. Then he held a like position at Ottcr- ville, Missouri, for two years. He subsequently went to Bonham, Texas, and after residing there one year, returned to Missouri and for two years made his home at Pilot Grove. Then he embarked in the drug trade at Houstonia, where he carried on business two years. The fol- lowing }"ear he spent as a commercial traveler for a Sedalia house. He removed to Colorado and was engaged in mining from the spring of 1879 to the spring of 1881, when he came to Appleton City, and with his brother purchased their present stock of drugs. The)- are now doing an excellent business. JOSEPH YANCE, a member of the well known establishment of Stout & Co., was born in St. Clair County, Missouri, November 11, 1842. His parents were among the first settlers of Taber Township. He was reared to manhood on his father's farm and obtained his education in the common school.-;. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company I, Colonel Shelby's battalion, serv- ing until paroled at Fort Scott, Kansas, in June, 1865. He then farmed in Vernon County, Missouri, for eight months, and later went to Platte Count}', Missouri. In the fall of 1866 he returned to St. Clair County and lived here until 1873, when he took a trip to California. After one year he came back here and farmed until 1881. Then he became iden- tified with the firm of Stout & Co. Mr. Yance was married November 19. 1868, to Miss Mary Ketcham, of Indiana. The)' have four children: Bertha B., Nona K. L., Tamer B, and Louis A. MONEGAW TOWNSHIP. J. M. ALLEN, section 24, is a native af P'ayette County, Ohio, and was born October 3, i835.» His father, James F. Allen, originally from Pennsylvania, mar- ried Miss Jane DeWitt, of Ohio. He settled in Ohio in an earl)- da)-, and subsequently removed to Cedar Count)', Iowa, and lived there rhrec years, then returning to Ohio. J. M. Allen grew to maturity in his native count)', and was married at Fairvicw, Randolph County, Indiana, BIOGRAPHICAL. 1127 February 19, 1857, to Miss Elizabeth J. Cleveland, a daughter of M. H. Cleveland. She was born in that county. They have ten children: William H., Charles E., Francis M., Albert S.. Elmer E., Alton H., Jen- nie, Millie J.. Anna E. and Daisy D. After living for three years in Fayette County Mr. Allen moved to Randolph County, where he resided three years, and then returned to Fayette County. In the fall of 1865 he located in St. Clair County, Missouri, coming upon his present farm of 160 acres in 1869. WILSON ARNOLD, section 4, was born in Gwinnett County, Georgia, June 29, 1840, and was the son of Colonel Henry J. Arnold, a native of Virginia, and Mary Frances (Watley) Arnold, of Georgia. Wilson spent his youth until about eighteen years old on a farm at his birthplace. In 1856 he came to Missouri with his parents and located within three miles of Kansas City, but shortly after went to Kansas. They soon removed to Bates County, Missouri, on account of the Kansas troubles. Wilson Arnold took a trip to Texas in 1859 ^^^ spent two years in that state. Return- ing to Missouri in 1861, he enlisted in the Confederate service in June of that year under Colonel Payton, but was afterward transferred to Shelby's First Missouri Cavalry and served till the close of the war, when he surrendered at Shreveport. He participated in the fights of Lone Jack, Wilson's Creek, Missouri; Prairie Grove, Helena, Jenkins' Ferry, Arkansas, and Cape Girardeau. He was wounded at Lexington and also at Wilson's Creek. After the final surrender he returned to his family, who had removed to Benton County, where he farmed for two years. In 1867 he went to Henry County and resided there ten years. In March, 1877, Mr. Arnold came to St. Clair County, locating on his present farm in March, 1882. He has 160 acres, all improved. Mr. Arnold was married in this county April 2, 1862, to Miss Hannah F. Hinkle, a native of Kentucky and a daughter of D. M. Hinkle, who was one of the pioneer settlers of St. Clair County. They have five children: James W., Henry J., George W., Ollie Octavia and Joseph M. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold are members of the M. E. Church, South. WILLIAM C. BEACH, section 5. was born in Ashland County, Ohio, November 8, 1827, his parents being Daniel and Lorana Beach nee Sackett, both natives of Connecticut. The former, born in 1785, was a soldier in the war of 1812, and his father was killed in the Revolutionary war, eight balls having been shot through him. Daniel Beach died May 21, 1862. William C, the youngest of a family of seven children, grew to manhood in his native county on a farm, receiving a good common school education, II2S HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. supplemented with two years' attendance at the Ashland Academy. After finishing his studies he engaged in farming. In 1852 he went to California and spent two years in the gold mines, and upon returning worked the home farm in connection with his brother. Before settling in Missouri in 1869 he traveled extensively in Iowa, Illinoi^ Wisconsin and Texas, but believing that Missouri had advantages over those states for farming and stock raising, he located where he now resides. Mr. Beach owns about 800 acres of land, all under fence and mostly with good hedge of which he has over twelve miles, and the farm is all in culti- vation and pasture. He was married in Ashland County, Ohio, Decem- ber 15, 1868, to Miss Marietta Long, a native of Pennsylvania, but reared and educated in Ohio, and a daughter of Abram P. Long. They have a family of four children: Emma C, Daniel B., Maud L. and Ettie L- MARTIN S. BOOTS, section 24, a substantial farmer and stock feeder of this county was born in Randolph County, Indiana, January 31, 1841, being the son of Martin and Susanna (Shoemaker) Boots, both natives of Virginia. The former, a blacksmith by trade, removed to Missouri in 1853, and located in St. Clair County. Martin S. spent his youth on a farm in the county, and in the spring of 1861 he enlisted in the Confederate service under Gen- eral Rice, and served six months in the mounted infantry, when he was discharged. He re-enlisted in July, 1862, in the Union army, in Com- pany H., Thirty-ninth Iowa Infantry, and served till discharged in the spring of 1865. He was taken prisoner at Corinth, July 7, 1863, and held as such for eight months and exchanged. While in the Confederate service he participated in the fights of Carthage, Springfield and Lex- ington, Missouri, and others. After the close of the war he returned to Iowa, where he spent one season, and in the fall of 1865, he again came to St. Clair County, where he has since been engaged in farming and the raising and feeding of stock. He has 729 acres of land mostly fenced, divided into three farms, upon which are three residences. He handles about 140 head of cattle annually, and the past season fed five carloads of cattle and one of hogs. He is one of the most successful citizens in this vicinity. Mr. Boots was married in the winter of 1861, to Miss Sarah Ann Lewellen, a daughter of Felix Lewellen. She is a native of Indi- ana, but was reared and educated in St. Clair County. They have a family of six children: Mary, Julia, Margaret, Marion P., Ollie and Sam- uel. Mr. and Mrs. Boots are members of the M. E. Church, South. THOMAS CAMPBELL, farmer and stock raiser, section 19, was born in Blount County, Tennes- see, April 18. 181 1. William Campbell, his father, was a Virginian by BIOGRAPHICAL. II 29 birth, while his mother, formerly Margaret Biddell, was born in Ten- nessee. William Campbell early removed to Tennessee with his parents and was one of the first settlers of Blount County. Thomas passed his youth on a farm, receiving his education at the subscription schools. He was married in Humphreys County May 10, 1832, to Miss Frances Prince, of that county, and who was born July 17. 1813. She is a daughter of William Prince, Esq., a pioneer settler of Humphreys County. They have nine children. Eliza, (wife of Harvey Douglas), Isabelle, (wife of Bevley Hall), Minerva, (wife of James Moore), Caroline, (wife of John Horner), Margaret, (wife of J. M. DeHart), Cornelia, (wife of Joseph Hodgins), Albert and Mary, (wife of William Yonce). Mr. Campbell removed to Illinois in 1837 and located in Pike County. In the spring of 1855 he settled in Adair County, Missouri, where he resided eight years, going thence, in t863, to Davis County, lawa, where he lived six years. In 1869 he returned to Missouri and located where he now resides. He has 120 acres of land, with eighty acres in cultivation and improved. He is a Mason. JOHN W. CARROLL, section 30, originally from Roane County, Tennessee, was born Decem- ber 9, 1845, being a son of Alfred and Barshaba (Miller) Carroll, natives of South Carolina. In 1859 ^^e family removed to Missouri and settled in St. Clair County. John W., the fourth son of a family of nine child- ren, grew to maturity in this county upon a farm. He was married December 9, 1872, to Mrs. Tamar Richey, a widow of James Richey and a daughter of Thomas Coulthard. She emigrated to the United States with her parents in 1829 and settled in Virginia, where she was married the following year to Mr. Richey, who came to Missouri in 1838 or 1840, Mrs. Carroll has one daughter by her former marriage, Mrs. Hannah Slaws, widow of John F. Slaws. Mr. C. owns 1,200 acres of land, with 916 acres in his home farm under cultivation. He feeds quite a number of cattle and hogs annually. He belongs to both the A. F. & A. M. and I. O. O. F. fraternities and is a member of the Presbyterian Church, while his wife is connected with the M. E. Church, South. JAMES G. COFFIN, a well known and prominent citizen of Monegaw Township, was born in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1848. J. G. Coffin, his father, a native of Massachusetts, was born in 1816, and married Miss Isabella C. Anderson, a Virginian by birth. James G., the eldest son of a family of seven children, grew to maturity in his native county, his primary education having been given him by a private tutor. After a prepara- 1130 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COu'NTV. tory course he attended and graduated at the Western University in 1867. Upon completing his studies he was engaged in clerking in the banking house of William H. Williams & Co., in Pittsburg, one year. He then was employed in the office of his father, who was the general western agent of the Franklin Fire Insurance Company. Coming west in 1869. he purchased land in St. Clair County and engaged in handling stock. In November, 1871, he returned to Pennsylvania and worked in the office with his father three years. In 1875 he again came to St. Clair County and commenced farming and the stock business. In 1878 he was interested in the mercantile business at Appleton City. Mr. Coffin was married in this county November 4, 1879, to Miss M. Virginia Wilson, daughter, of J. W. Wilson. Mr. C. has 200 acres of land with forty acres in cultivation. He was appointed a justice of the peace of his township in 1881. He is identified with the Republican party and is well posted on the political issues of the day. He was nominated by his party and elected justice at the election of 1882. Mr. Coffin has been a delegate to numerous county and state conventions. SAMUEL G. CRAIG, merchant and postmaster at Ohio post office, was born in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, September 12, 1853. his parents being Joseph and Eliza (Kennedy) Craig, both natives of Ireland. They emigrated to the United States in 1840 and located in Pittsburg, Pennsj'lvania. Samuel G., the youngest son and sixth child of a family of seven children, spent his youth on a farm in his native county and received a good common school education, supplemented with a course at Copp's Commercial College at Paynesville, Ohio. After completing his studies he engaged in farming two years. In January, 1877, he went to Oregon, spent one year and in the fall of the same year returned and located in St. Clair County, Missouri. He was occupied in farming about four years, and in 1882, he embarked in the mercantile business at his present place. He carries a good stock of general merchandise, and is doing a fair business. Mr. Craig was appointed postmaster of the Ohio post office in October, 1882. He was married February 26, 1879, to Miss Emma M. Holden, a daughter of Henry Holden. She is a native of and was reared and edu- cated in Illinois. They have three children: Joseph D., PIttie T. and Charles H. Mr. and Mrs. Craig are members of the Presbyterian Church. CHARLES C. DISNEY. a prominent contractor and builder at Johnson City, was born in Ander- son County, Tennessee, November 3, 185 i, and is a son of Judge Elias and Tabitha (Lovely) Disney, also natives of Tennessee. In 1856 the BIOGRAPHICAL. II3I family moved to Missouri and located in Gasconade County, where they resided about two years, coming- thence to St. Clair County in the spring of 1859. Elias Disney has since been elected and served as county judge. He was also a lieutenant of a militia company during the late war. Charles C. was the third child of a family of three sons and one daughter. He spent his youth on a farm and received a good education in the English branches, and after completing his studies he engaged in teaching in the public schools, and now ranks as one of the best instruct- ors in the county. He has taught the last three years in Johnson City. He has also learned the carpenter's trade, and when not occupied in teaching follows the business of contractor and builder. He has worked at this during the summer seasons for the last four years. Mr. Disney was married December 22, 1872, to Miss Macy Herndon, of Ozark County, Missouri, and a daughter of Henry \V. and Martha A. C. Hern- don. They have four children: Walter Eugene, Estella Rose, Elva Eve- line and Edgar E. They lost one child, Minnie Belle, who died in Feb- ruary, 1879. CAPTAIN DANIEL GILLSON, section 10, owes his nativity to Marion County, Ohio, where he was born July 26, 1834. His parents were D. and Elizabeth (Stilwell) Gillson, natives of Orange County, New York. The family removed to Ohio in about 18 16, and were among the pioneer settlers of Delaware County, but shortly after went to Marion County. Daniel grew to manhood on his father's farm, and received a good education at the public schools, supplemented with a course at a commercial college. After completing his studies he was engaged in the mercantile business about four years. In 1856 he came west and traveled through a number of the western states. He enlisted in August, 1862, in Company D, I2ist Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, and served till discharged, in June 1865. He enlisted as a private and filled the position of sergeant and second and first lieu- tenant, and afterward was promoted to captain. He participated in some fifteen important engagements, among which were Perryville, Chickamaugua, Atlanta, Jonesborough, etc. He was taken prisoner at Perryville and held as such for four months, when he was paroled. After the close of the war Mr. Gillson returned to Ohio and resided two years in Clinton County. He came to St. Clair County, Missouri, in 1868 and farmed about two years, and in 1870 he was occupied in conducting a flouring mill at Osceola, continuing it for two years. Li 1873 he removed to Appleton City and carried on the mercantile business about five years, when he sold out and removed to his present farm in the spring of 1878, He has 143 acres in cultivation and well improved. He devotes some attention to the breeding and raising of thoroughbred and high craded cattle and Berkshire hogs. Mr. Gillson was married in Lewis- I 131' HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. <, burg. Ohio, March i8, 1866, to Miss Emma A. Martin, a daughter of j John Martin. They have one daughter, Millie M. He and his wife are i members of the Presbyterian Church. ; MICHAEL GORE. j section 18, was born in Trigg County, Kentucky, April 28, 1829. His ' father, M. Gore, was a native of Virginia, and his mother, whose maiden ' name was Elizabeth Mitchell, was a Kentuckian by birth. Michael . spent his youth on a farm in Trigg County and in 1849 ^^ removed to j Illinois and located in Macoupin County, wherehe purchased land and i engaged in farming and stock raising. In 1881 he came to Missouri and ^ settled where he now resides. He owns 170 acres of land well improved. , Mr. Gore held several local offices during his residence in Illinois. He ' was commissioner of highways and bridges for three years in Macoupin 1 County and was then re-elected. He was married while there, October i, 1849, to Miss Mouen Maxwell, a daughter of Ered Maxwell. She was born in Sangamon County, Illinois. Mr. and Mrs Gore have four chil- dren: Eliza (wife of John Allen), James, E. V. and Ezra A. He and j his wife are members of the United Baptist Church, and he belongs to j the Masonic fraternity. JAMES D. GORE, ; i farmer and stock raiser, section 19, owes his nativity to Macoupin County, Illinois, where he was born March 25, 1853, being the son of Michael and Mouen (Maxwell) Gore. James passed his boyhood on his father's farm and received a fair education at the public schools. He , was married in his native county, April 3, 1873, to Miss Margaret New, | a daughter of Charles New. She was born in Scott County, Illinois. , They have one daughter, Lily May, who was born May 8, 1879. Mr. : Gore farmed in Illinois until the fall of 188 1 when he removed to Mis- j souri, locating where he now resides. He has a farm of seventy acres, ' all in cultivation. Mrs. Gore is a member of the Baptist Church. ' GEORGE GRAHAM, . j section I, a native of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, was born in Octo- ^ ber, 1822, his parents being Thomas and Mary CAlexander) Graham. George grew to manhood in Pennsylvania on a farm, and he married ' Miss Maria Moore, also of Pennsylvania. Some four years after this he removed to Kentucky and from there to Ohio, locating in Noble County where he resided until 1S62. Then he went to Coles County, Illinois, 1 and farmed about fourteen years. In March, 1876, he located in St. ' Clair County, Missouri. Mrs. Graham died January 18, 188 1, leaving three children: Susanna (wife of L. L. Shafner), J. G., and T. P. who was BIOGRAPillCAL. I 1 33 married December 15, 1881, to Miss L. B. Leonard, and they have one child, Anna May. Mr. Graham lost two sons, one W. M. died in 1869 at the age of twenty-five years, and G. W. died in childhood. Mr. G. is a member of the Presbyterian Church and of the Masonic fraternity. J. G. Graham, the oldest son of the subject of this sketch, now owns the home faim which consists of 220 acres under good cultivation and improvement. WESLEY GRIFFITH, section i, a prominent farmer and stock man of this county, was born in Macon County, Illinois, January 22, 1841. His father, B. Griffith, was a native of Ross County, Pennsylvania, and his mother, formerly Leah Deafenbaugh, of Hawkins County, same state. The former was one of the pioneer settlers of Macon County, Illinois. In 1851 he removed to DeWitt County, where he is now a leading farmer and stock raiser. Wesley spent his youth on his father's farm, enjoying good common school advantages. He came to Missouri in 1869 and located in St. Clair County, settling on the farm where he now resides. He has 860 acres of land, with 320 in cultivation. He makes a specialty of feeding cattle and feeds on an average three car loads of steers and about fifty hogs annually. Mr. Griffith was married in Henry County February 18, 1876, to Miss Sarah E. Kirk, a daughter of James A. Kirk. She came origin- ally from Rowan County. Kentucky. They have two children, Maud M. and Ida. They lost one child in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Griffith are mem- bers of the Christian Church. J. P. HASTAIN, farmer and stock raiser, section 10, was born in White County, Tennes- see, January 24, 183 1. His father, D. M. Hastain was a native of the same state, and his mother's maiden name was Anna Green. In 1834. the family removed to Missouri, and first located in Henry County, being among the pioneer settlers there. J. P. Hastain was reared as a farmer's boy and in 1850, when in his nineteenth year, he went to Cali- fornia, and worked in the gold mines for fifteen years, returning to Mis- souri in 1865. He was married in Henry County, March 21, 1867, to Miss Octavia Hinkle, a daughter of M. D. Hinkle. She is a Kentuckian by birth, but removed to Missouri with her parents and was reared and educated in Henry County. They have a family of four children: Cecelia, Eddie, Jennie G. and William J. Three children died in infancy, Mary F., Lena May, and T. J. After farming in Henry County for six years, Mr. Hastain removed to California in 1873, and spent one season, the following year returning to Henry County, Missouri, where he farmed about eight years. In March, 1880, he came to St. Clair County I I 34 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. and settled on the farm where he now reside<>. He has i6o acres of land all under cultivation. He and his wife are members of the M. H. Church, South. FREDERICK HOFFSTROM, farmer and stock raiser, section 23, is a native of Sweden, and was born Auj^ust 26, 1829, his parents being Niles F. and Sophia (Hardorph) Hoffstrom, also originally from Sweden. The former was an officer in the army of Sweden, which position he held at his death in 1846 or 1847. Fred Hoffstrom grew to manhood and received a good education in the country of his birth, there learning the trade of dyer and finisher. He emigrated to the United States in 1849 and worked at his trade at dif- ferent places in Illinois for three years. Moving thence to Niagara Falls he worked one and one-half years and afterward went to Fredonia, Chautauqua County, where he engaged in business for himself. In the spring of 1853 he took a trip to California by way of the Isthmus, and after spending three years returned in the winter of 1856. He then pur- chased land in Washington County, Iowa, and farmed three years. In the spring of 1869 he returned to California, going from there to Nevada, where he engaged in mining at Virginia City. In nearly four years he retraced his steps to his family in the summer of 1863, bringing with him a herd of California horses. He farmed until 1865 when he sold out and came to Missouri, locating in St. Clair County, where he purchased land and improved the farm which he now occupies. Mr. Hoffstrom owns 400 acres and he is one of the most successful farmers and stock raisers in the county. He was married in Aurora, Illinois, February 9, 1 85 1, to Miss Almina Elizabeth Morgan, a native of New York, and a daughter of C. B. Morgan. They have three children: Clara S. (wife of Wilson Hartzell), Frank H. and Lilly Belle. Mrs. Hoffstrom is a mem- ber of the Christian Church. Mr. H. is a Mason. JAMES A. KIRK, section i, was born in Morgan County, Kentucky, September 25, 1830, and is a son of Alexander and Elizabeth (Nickell) Kirk, both Kentuck- ians by birth. James A. passed his youth on a farm, and was married in Rowan County, in October, 1855. to Miss Telitha Clark, a native of Fleming County, and a daughter of Dixon Clark. After his marriage Mr. Kirk resided in Rowan County about eight years and in 1863 removed to Missouri and located first in Linn County, residing there some nine years. Selling out he went to Texas, spent one season then returned to Missouri and settled in St. Clair County. He came on his present farm in the spring of 1881 and now has 160 acres all in cultiva- tion. He makes a specialty of feeding cattle for the market. Mr. and BIOGRAPHICAL. II35 Mrs. Kirk have seven children: Sarah E. (wife of Wesley Griffith), Adella F., Philip, Dixon, Emma, Herbert, and Walter. Mr. Kirk is one of the substantial men of this locality. He and his wife are members of the Christian Church. J. McH. LEDBETTER, section 24, a native of Sumner County, Tennessee, was born December 18, 1831. His father, Ira Ledbetter, came originally from Alabama, and his mother, whose maiden name was Lucy Brown, was born in Ten- nessee. The former removed with his parents to Tennessee when a }-outh and there grew to manhood. In 1841 he located in St. Clair County, Missouri, and was among the early settlers here. He purchased a large tract of land, was a substantial man of the county, and owned a large number of slaves. J. McH. Ledbetter passed his youth on his father's farm. He was married in August, 1852, to Miss Mary Henley, a daughter of T. N. Henley. She was also born in Tennessee. They have a family of three children: Sarah L. (wife of John Shoemaker), Thomas Ira, and Robert M. Mr. L. now owns 386 acres of land. 280 acres being under fence and mostly in cultivation. He went to Califor- nia in 1850, in company with Captain Ball and others and spent about eighteen months in the gold mines, returning to Missouri in 1852. He enlisted in 1862 in General Price's Infantry and served till the close of the war, participating in a. number of important engagements, among which were Cornith, Grand Gulf, Baker's Creek and Vicksburg. After the latter fight he was in the western department and was in nearly all of the engagements of Price's army. He received five wounds, one through the knee and one through the foot being the most serious. He returned home after the surrender and has since been engaged in farm- ing and the stock business. Mr. and Mrs. Ledbetter are members of the M. E. Church, South. He was a justice of the peace for ten consec- utive years, and has filled other local ofifices being at present clerk of the school board. He is a Mason. FELIX LEWELLEN, section 34, is a Virginian by birth and was born November 5, 1822. His parents were Samuel and Elizabeth Lewellen, nee Gough, also natives of Virginia. About the year 1834 the family removed to Indiana and set- tled in Delaware County, being among the early settlers there. They had twelve children, of whom the subject of this sketch was the young- est. He grew to maturity in his native county, and was married in the spring of 1840 to Miss Margaret Tharp, a daughter of Alexander Tharp. They had five children: William M., ot Osceola, Elizabeth (wife of Mr. Lillard), Beersheba (wife of William Hodgins), Sarah (wife of Mart. I 136 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Boots), and Thomas. Mrs. L. died in Indiana in the summer of 1849. Mr. Lewellen was subsequently married to Miss Susanna Hamilton. There are six children b}- this union: Rebecca, Samuel. Margaret, Jack- son, Timothy and Drusilla. Mr. Lewellen lost his second wife, who died in St. Clair County January 16, 1862. He was married to his present wife, then Mrs. Nancy Ann VVeddle, and a dauijhter of Jacob Beaver, in the sprin^^ of 186^. After his fir.-.t marriai^e he resided in Indiana about fifteen years. In the fall of 1855 he came to Missouri and located on the farm where he now resides, he having at this time 460 acres. Mr. Lewellen is a thrifty and successful farmer and one of the leading citi- zens of the county. THOMAS LEWELLEN. The subject of this sketch was born in Delaware County, Indiana. December 22, 1848, being a son of Felix and Margaret (Tharp) Lewel- len. In 1855, the family removed to Missouri and located in St. Clair County. Thomas grew up on his father's farm and was married August 4. 1872, to Miss Sarah Berry, a daughter of Enoch Berry. She is a native of Moultrie County. Illinois. They had three children: Verna, Wil- liam A. and Homer. After his marriage Mr. Lewellen settled on a farm in this township, coming on his present place in section 14, in August 1878, and he now has 560 acres. Mr. L. devotes considerable attention to the feeding of cattle. SAMUEL D. LEWELLEN, farmer and stock feeder, section 21. The subject of this sketch owes his nativit}' to Delaware County, Indiana, where he was born Januar\- 19* ^853. His father, Felix Lewellen, married Miss Susanna Hamilton in Delaware County, Indiana. Samuel removed to Missouri with his parents in 1855 and here his youthful days were passed in filling the soil. He was married in this county June 4, 1875, to Miss Mable Wed- dle, a daughter of Alexander Weddle. She is a native of Bates Count>-, but was reared in St. Clair. Mr. Lewellen has a family of three child- ren: Elmer Lee, Claud E. and Maud. His farm contains 320 acres of land, all fenced, with 180 acres in cultivation. He feeds about two car loads of steers yearly and about fifty hogs. JOHN E. PAGE, section 10, was born October 17, 1844, in Livingston County, New York, and was a son of Albert and Abigal Page, both natives of the same state. John E. was reared upon a farm, receiving his education at the common schools and at the Nunda Academ}-. Coming west in 1866, ht located first in Bates County, Missouri, where he resided about three BIOGRAPHICAL. 1 1 37 years. He removed to St. Clair County in February, 1869, and came on his present farm in the fall of 1870. This consists of 300 acres, with 240 in his home place and sixty acres of timber. Mr. Page devotes some attention to stock feeding. He was married in this county in February, 1871, to Miss Virginia Corbly, a native of Iowa (where she was reared and educated), and a daughter of William Corbly. They have two child- ren, Mary Octavia and Jessie M. B. N. FRIER, farmer and stock raiser, section 24, a native of Edgar County, Illinois, was born April 25, 1840, and is a son of Edward H. and Narcissia (Lowry) Frier. The family early removed to Illinois, and were among the first settlers ot Edgar County. In 1854, they located in Clark County, Iowa, coming thence to Missouri in 1870. B. N. Frier spent his youth on the home farm, and was married in Clark County, Iowa, in Jan- uary, 1862, to Miss Agnes Landies, a daughter of Samuel Landies, and a native of Greene County, Indiana. They have four children : Maggie, (wife of William Frazee), Samuel E., Frank L.,and Maud After residing in Clark County about eleven years, Mr. P., in March, 1873, came to Missouri and located in St. Clair County. He now has 240 acres of land, with 200 acres in cultivation. In June, 1862, he enlisted in Com- pany D, Eighteenth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, and served till discharged in February, 1863. He participated in the fight at Springfield, Missouri, and a number of others. GEORGE Y. PYEATT, farmer and stock feeder, section 10, was born in Richland County, Ohio, on March 6, 1834. Jacob Pyeatt, his father, also a native of Ohio, was born in 1802, and his mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Stewart, came originally from Vermont. In 1838 the family removed to Illinois and were among the early settlers of Perry County. George Y. passed his youth on the farm in that county, and was married there February 14, 1856, to Miss Teresa Wells, a daughter of Lewis Wells, of the same locality. Mr. P. after his marriage was engaged in farming in Perry County about twenty-one years. In 1877 he came to Missouri and located in St. Clair County, moving on his present farm in 1880. He has 120 acres of land, all improved, and upon it feeds considerable stock for the market. Mr. and Mrs. Pyeatt have six children: Virgil W., Philena F., (wife of Cyrus H. Hinkle), Alverta E., (wife of Harley A. Hinkle), Alfred G., Sabra W., (wife of Edward J. Allenson) and Her- schel S. Two are deceased, Emma F,, died in 1874, at the age of four- teen years and Alice A., died in infancy. Mr. Pyeatt and his wife are I 1 38 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. i members of the Christian Church. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. lodge at Osceola. I JOHN T. RIDGWAY, ' section 17, is a native of Howard County, Missouri, and was born Janu- > ary ii, 1838. his parents being Jesse and Anna (Wiley) Ridgway, Ken- tuckians by birth. The former came to Missouri in 18 19 with his par- ents who were among the pioneer settlers of Howiird County. Jesse Ridgway removed to St. Clair County, in 1840. John F. spent his youth on the farm in this county, and was married October 16, 1866, to Miss Ophelia Catherine Thompson, a daughter of John F. Thompson. She was born in this county and was here reared. She died June 2, 1875, leaving three children: Mattie Ann Lee, Robert F. and Ettie F. j Mr. Ridgway was then married August 15, 1875, to Mrs. Ann Mains,] widow of James Mains. She had two children by her former marriage; William T. and George H. Mains. There are three children by this lat- ter union: James H. H., John Ed. and Mary Ann. Mr. R. now owns 240 acres of land, of which 150 are in good cultivation. He also owns 160 acres in another tract. In 1862 he enlisted in Company D., General Coffey's Regiment, Missouri State Guards, and served about six months, then re-enlisting in the regular Confederate service, under General 1 Cockerel. He served three months in this regiment and was transferred to Young's Cavalry Battalion and served about one year. He partici- ! pated in the fights of Prairie Grove, Arkansas, Springfield, Missouri, and j others. He received a wound below the knee at Springfield and was disabled about two months. He was taken a prisoner at this time and held thirteen months, then escaping. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. EDWARD D. SAYLES, farmer and stock raiser, section 12, was born in Summit County, Ohio, August 8, 1856. His father, Dr. Dwight Sayles, married Miss Estella Wright, and they were also both natives of Ohio. The former died July , 24, 1862. Edward D. was raised a farmer and received a good educa- 1 tion at the common schools and the Talmage High School. After com- ' pleting his studies he was foreman in a fire brick establishment for one year. In 1871 he came to Missouri and purchased the land where he now resides. After living there one summer he returned to Ohio. In 1876 he came back to his farm in St. Clair County. He went to Colo- rado in the spring of 1880 and spent the summer, returning to his farm in the fall. He has eighty acres of good land, and is devoting some attention to the breeding and raising of fine stock. He has a flock of 120 graded Cotswold sheep and a herd of eight head of thoroughbred shorthorn cattle. Mr. Sa}'les was married February 23, 1882, to Miss BlOGRAPIllCAL. 1 1 39 Barbara Warner, a daughter of Abraham Warner. She is a native of and was reared and educated in Washtenaw County, Michigan. J. B. SCOTT, far'mer, section 7, was born in Bucyrus, Ohio. June 26, 1849, being a son of T. W. and Susan (Kintnei) Scott. The former was born in Pennsyl- vania, and the latter in Indiana. T. W. Scott early went to Ohio with his parents, who were among the first settlers of Richland and Crawford Counties. He removed to DeKalb County, Indiana, in i86r, where the subject of this sketch grew to manhood. He was educated in the com- mon and higher schools, and after completing his studies was engaged in teaching and taught for six years in the public schools of Michigan and Indiana. He has made the study of phrenology a speciality, and delivers an able lecture on this subject. Mr. Scott was married in DeKalb County, November 5, 1874, to Miss Emeline A. Clark, a daugh- ter of O. C. Clark. She died in 1877. He was again married in DeKalb County, December 30, 1880, to Miss Minnie Wagner, a daughter of Jacob Wagner. She is a native of Michigan but was reared and educated in DeKalb County. Mr. Scott came to Missouri in the spring of 1882, and located on land which he had previously purchased in this county. He has 160 acres, but at present resides on a tract of eighty acres belonging to his father, which he is farming. GEORGE W. SHORT, a native of Kentucky, was born June 18, 181 1, his parents being George and Catharine (Monical) Short. George W. was the second son of six sons and five daughters. In 1813 the family removed to Indiana and located in Washington County, where they were among the pioneer set- tlers. Our subject grew to manhood in Washington County, and was married October 13, 1831, to Easter Carleton, of that county. There were nine children by this marriage: Elizabeth (deceased), Nancy C, William L., Hannah (wife of C. Minns), George F. (deceased), Samuel R., Margaret (wife of John Lewellen, Easter Ann (deceased) and David W. Mrs. Short died in the fall of 1862. Mr. S. was married in Putnam County, Indiana, January 24, 1865, to Mrs. Cynthia Ann Hines. a widow of John Hines and a daughter of Thomas Read. She was a Kentuckian by birth. She has one son by her former marriage, Franklin Hines. There are two children by this last union. General Alonzo Sherman and Ama Cynthia. Mr. Short removed from Indiana to Missouri in 1839 and first located in Howard County, but in the fall of 1840 came to this county and settled on his present farm. He now owns 235 acres of land, but has owned 800 acres, of which he has given the larger portion to his II40 IIISTOUV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. children. lie enlisted in March, 1862, in Company E of the Seventh; Missouri Cavalry and served till discharged in thespring of 1863. After this he returned home, and re-enlisted and served in the Home Guards until the close of the war. Mr. and Mrs. Short are members of the M. E. Church. ISAAC SLUDER. farmer and stock raiser, section 4, was born in Hendricks County, Indi- ana, August 30, 1839. ^^^ father, Henry Sluder, was a native of the, same state, and his mother, whose maiden name was Nancy Lockhart, came originally from West Virginia. The family early removed to Owen County, and from there to Washington and then to Sullivan County, where Henry Sluder died in 1864. Isaac grew to maturity in Indiana, and after removing to Sullivan County he learned the shoemakers trade, working at the business about twenty years. He was married in Sulli-] van County April 20, 1859, to Miss Nancy Chestnut, a daughter of James i Chestnut. They had four children: Martha E., (wife of Walter Ken- nett), Mary F., (wife of Martin Anderson), Ollie O. and Emma. Mrs. Sluder died in St. Clair County February 16, 1881. Mr. S. was marriedi in this county June 2, 1881, to Mrs. Eliza Parker, widow of Elias Parker. She was born in Ohio. but moved west after her marriage and settled in St. Clair County. She has three children by her first husband, Estella Ann, Frank C. and Alice J. Parker. Mr. and Mrs. Sluder have one child. John Edward. Mr. S. removed to Missouri in 1880, settling on the farm where he now resides in 1881. There are 400 acres of excellent land in his place. HON. M. B. STRICKLAND. Among the prominent men of St. Clair County is the subject of this; sketch, who was born in Franklin County, Missouri, August 8, 1835. His father, E. B. Strickland, was a native of Georgia, and his mother, for- merly Sarah K. Caldwell, was a Kentuckian by birth. E. B. Strickland was one of the early settlers and leading men of Franklin County. M. B. grew to manhood at his birth place on a farm, receiving a good com- mon school education. He was married in St. Louis County, May 5,^ 1857, to Miss Mary Conway, a daughter of Samuel Conway. She is a native of St. Louis County. After this event Mr. S. resided in Franklin County until 1877, and in March of that year came to St. Clair County' and purchased the farm where he now resides. He has 480 acres, improved, and makes a business of raising and feeding cattle, fattening! annually about two car loads of steers. He takes a prominent part in! the political issues of the day, and was nominated and elected to repre- sent his county in the legislature at the general election of 1882. This! position he filled with honorable distinction. Mr. and Mrs. Strickland BIOGRAPHICAL. 1141 have a family of five children: Virgil C, Mary, Virginia S., Ada L. and James L. Himself, wife and oldest daughter are members of the Presbvterian Church. PHILIP WARNER, section ii, a native of Washtenaw County, Michigan, was born Febru- ary 28, 1858, and is a son of Abraham and Barbara (Layer) Warner, who were natives of Germany. Philip spent his youth on the farm at his birthplace, receiving a common school education. In the fall of 1870 he came to Missouri and bought land and settled in St. Clair County. Here he has a farm of eighty acres. Mr. Warner was married in this county September 17, 1878, to Mrs. Mollie Ruebush, a widow of Joseph Rue- bush, and a daughter of Henry R. Holden. She has one child by her former marriage, Thomas Ruebush. Mr. and Mrs. W. have two children, Hirdie B. and Harry T. He and his wife are members of the Presbyter- ian Church. DR. J. W. WHEELER, merchant at Johnson City, was born in Dearborn County, Indiana, Sep- tember 7, 1844, his parents being Captain Piercy and Jerusha Ann (Holiday) Wheeler. In July, 1862, when in his eighteenth year, J. W. enlisted in the Ninety-first Indiana volunteer infantry, and after nine months service he re-enlisted in the 105th regiment. After four months in this regiment he again re-enlisted in the 147th, and served till dis- charged in June, 1865. After his discharge he returned home and attended school at Moors' Hill College for two years and received a good education in the English branches. In the fall and winter of 1867 and 1868 he took a course of lectures at the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical College. Coming to Missouri in the spring of 1868, he commenced the practice of his profession at Hudson, Bates County. The fol- lowing year he came to St. Clair County and located at Johnson City, and has since continued in the practice at this place. The Doctor has built up a large patronage and is accounted one of the most success- ful physicians in the county. He engaged in the drug business in 1S70, and in 1878 he added a complete stock of general merchandise. He is identified with the Republican party; was elected township collector and collected the tax for two years. He owns about 1,300 acres of land in St. Clair County, about 600 acres of which are improved, besides con- siderable town property and land in Cedar County. He is extensively occupied in feeding cattle and hogs for the market. The doctor is a man of good business habits and qualifications, and has made what prop- erty he owns since coming to the county. He was married here Decem- ber 8, 1870, to Miss Ariadnah Isabelle Peck, a daughter of John W, Peck, of Greencastle, Indiana. They have two children: Glennie F. and Harry P. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. 1 142 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. | JOSEPHUS WINCHESTER, section 4, was born Auc^ust 4, 18 15, in Guilford County. North Carolina. I his parents being William and Margaret (Witt)') Winchester, natives of the same state. In 1830 the family removed to Kentucky and located ■ in Callaway County. Josephus, the second son of five sons and seven I daughters, spent his youth on a farm in that county, and was married May 14. 1839, to Miss Nancy Ann Rayburn. a daughter of John Ray- burn. She was a native of Stewart County, Tennessee, but removed to Kentucky when a child and there grew to maturity. Mr. Winchester, after his marriage, resided in Kentucky about eleven years, coming to Missouri in 1850, and locating in St. Clair County. Here he bought land and improved the farm where he now resides, it containing 300 , acres with about IQO under fence. He has nine children: Newton L., VAlza J. (widow of S. Hoover). Melinda (wife of C. Weir), Emily (wife j of Lee Carroll , Rebecca (wife of D. L. HerndonJ, James J.. Margaret (wife of C. S. Reding). William W. and E. C. Mr. and Mrs. Winchester I are members of the Baptist Church. The former belongs to the Masonic fraternity. ■■« U- ( - vj >• CHALK LEVEL TOWNSHIP. ^S :~~^ f REV. C. J. BARR, minister and farmer, section 34, was born in Simpson County, Kentuck}', January 8, 1819, being a son of Silas and Sarah (Headelston) Barr, natives of North Carolina. C. J. grew to manhood on his father's farm, and was educated in Withe College, Tennessee. He was ordained a minister of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church in 1845, and then was engaged in preaching and school teaching in that state until 1856, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. Here he has since been occu- pied in the ministry and farming. His farm contains 245 acres, 2CXD of which are in a high state of cultivation. May ii, 1848, Mr. Barr was married to Miss Martha A. Scobey, of Tennessee. They have two children, Robert F. and Alice J. BIOGRAPHICAL. II43 SAMUEL BRAMNAN, blacksmith at Chalk Level, was born in Tennessee July 25, 1850, his par- ents being Samuel and Phebe (Killian) Bramnan, natives of Tennessee. When our subject was an infant the family moved to Arkansas, where he grew to manhood, receiving his education in the common schools. He worked in his father's blacksmith shop until the death of the senior Bramnan, which occurred in 1852. Since that time Samuel has followed his trade in Arkansas, Texas, Iowa and Missouri. In 1878 he moved to Chalk Level, where he now has a good shop and is doing a fair business. Mr. B. was married December 29, 1879, to Miss Hannah White, of Illi- nois. They have two children, Claud Lee and Sterling. DAVID W. COONCE, only son of Jacob Coonce, was born in Washington Township, this county, January 2, 1850. He received a limited education at home, but in 1867, went to the Notre Dame College, Indiana, and took a commer- cial course of two years. He married Miss Mary Clevenger, of St. Clair County, in 1880. They have two children: James Elmer and an infant. Jacob Coonce, the first man to settle in the county, was born in St. Charles County, Missouri Territory, February 6, 1806. His father, Jacob Coonce was born in Pennsylvania, and was a miller by trade, and also a farmer. Young Jacob left home when fourteen years of age and made his way alone from that time. The first money he ever earned was a silver dollar, which he kept as long as he lived, and now it is the property of Elder W. W. Warren, his son-in-law. He was in the Black Hawk war with General Dodge in 1833, and in the Mexican War under Colonel Doniphan. He married Mrs. Lovina Wamsley in 1839, a daugh- ter of Jedediah Waldo, of Harrison County, Virginia. They had three children: Mary E., now Mrs. W. W. Warren, Elizabeth O., who married Thomas Dudley, and died in 187 1, and David W. Mr. Coonce came to this county in 1827, and selected a site for a home near a large spring in the township of Washington, some fourteen miles south of Osceola. In 183 1, he returned to this county, and afterwards made his home near this spring during life. He died in 1878. His claim embraced 720 acres. Mrs. Coonce died in 1868. Mr. C. was a great hunter, and spent much of his time in an early day in roving o'er hills and dales. In an Indian battle he received a severe wound on the head by a tomahawk, five in his party capturing sixteen Indians. Mention of this pioneer is made elsewhere in this work. M. L. COOPER, farmer, section 5, was born in Greene County, Tennessee, July 21, 1840, and was a son of John A. and Sarah (Law) Cooper, both natives of Ten- I 144 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. nessee. When M. L. was five years of age his parents moved to West Virginia, and in two years to Clinton County, Missouri, where he became grown. March 17, 1864, he was married to Miss Lucy A. Estes, a native of Missouri. He followed farming in Clinton County, Missouri, till 1867, when he moved to Ray Countx', and in 1870 came to St. Clair County where he now has a fine farm of 250 acres. During the war he held a commission as captain in Slack's Division, and participated in many important battles. He has been constable of his township for six years. He is now a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church and also belongs to the Grange. Mr. C. is the father of eight children: Sarah E., George W., John B., Albert L., Charles B., Elmer M., Archibald and Ann C. WILLIAM M. COX, section 28, was born in Hopkins County, Kentucky, May 22, 1833. His father, Howell B. Cox, originally from North Carolina, was a son of Samuel Cox, of Richmond, Virginia, whose father early came from Eng- land. William's mother, formerly Henrietta Steen, of Hopkins County, Kentucky, was a daughter of Nathan Steen, a Kentuckian by birth, and a friend and companion of Daniel Boone. Howell Cox was for many years engaged as pilot on the Mississippi River, and was also interested in a successful business in which he became very wealthy. But serious reverses overtook him and he lost his property. He died in Kentucky in 1849, his wife having preceded him in 1835. In 1853 William M., the only surviving son of his parents, went to California and was occupied in mining a portion of the time, also having an interest in the Pilot Creek Canal and being agent for the company. He remained there for three years with satisfactory results; then returned to Kentucky and and attended school for a time, when he came to Missouri, settling in St. Clair County. Purchasing a farm, he commenced its improvement, and has since been largely interested in raising, handling and shipping stock. In 1868, the political parties being in an unorganized condition, he took an active part in bringing the Democratic party back to its for- mer status, and received the nomination for probate judge. In 1876 he was elected county sheriff, and in 1878 was elected clerk of the county, serving for four years. Mr. Cox now has a fine farm of 785 acres in this township. He is a member of the M. E. Church South, is a Royal Arch Mason and belongs to the I. O. O. F. and the A. O. U. W. fraternities. He married Miss Phebe H. Cox February 12, 1856. She v/as the daugh- ter of William M. Cox, of Tennessee, and she died November 5, 1873, leaving three children: Howell S., Cargill C, and Phebe T., since deceased. His second wife was Mrs. Mary E. Palmer Clark. They have two children, Eudora and Agnes. BIOGRAPHICAL. II45 REV. THOMAS B. FREEMAN, minister and farmer, section 19, is a native of Roane County, Tennessee, and was born November 8, 1825. His father, John Freeman, was a son of James Freeman, originally from England and a revolutionary soldier. The mother of our subject, whose maiden name was Susan Davis, was born in North Carolina. Thomas B. grew to manhood on the farm at his birthplace and received his education in the common schools. He was engaged in trading in stock in Tennessee until 1847, when he enlisted in the Mexican war, remaining in service until its close. Then he returned to Tennessee, and in 1851 moved to Greene County, Mis- souri, where he followed farming and dealing in stock until 1865, at that time going to Howard County. In 1868 he came to St. Clair County. Mr. F.'s landed estate consists of 500 acres, well improved. He was ordained a minister of the Baptist Church in 1864, and since that time has been occupied in the ministry at different places. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Mr. Freeman was married March 20, 1849, to Miss Martha Alexander, also of Tennessee. She died September 2. 1877, leaving seven children: Sarah E., Lulu H., Samuel H,, Mary E., George B., Marion M. and Margaret D. He was again married June 27, 1878, to Mrs. Mary A. McBride, a daughter of Joseph H. Green. She was born in Tennessee November 20, 1826. She was first married to James Carlisle in April, 1848. He died in 1854. They had one child, David W. She was again married August 26, i860, to Phillip McBride, who died July 3, 1864. They had one child, Arminta J. >. E. H. FRENCH, physician and surgeon at Chalk Level, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, August 30, 1825, and was a son of William and Mary (Bunda) French, the former of Maryland and the latter of North Carolina He grew to manhood on his- father's farm in Ohio, receiving a collegiate education in the colleges of Barnesville and Delaware. At the age of twenty-two he began the study of medicine with Dr. John Young, remaining with him two years. In 1846 he went to Illinois and con- tinued his studies till 1848, when he entered the Ohio Medical College, of Cincinnati, from which institution he was graduated in 1849. Then he located in Bloomington, Illinois, where he was engaged in the prac- tice of his profession for several years, and afterwards in Story County, Iowa. In 1859 he settled in Neosho, Newton County, Missouri. From 1863 till 1865 he was surgeon in the United States army. In 1865 he located in Austin, Cass County, and in 1867 he went to McDonald County. In 1872 he came to his present residence, where he has enjoyed a lucrative practice, having here met with much success. While in I 146 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. McDonald Count}' he was county surveyor for five years, and also held other minor offices. August 9, i860. Mr. French was married to Miss Mary J. Mason, of Greene County, Missouri. She died May 15, 1865, leaving one child, Eliza J. He was again married September 6, 1868, to Miss Elizabeth Bailey, of Indiana. They have six children: Charles, William, Rosa, Ella, Albert and Franklin. DR. R. W. GARNETT. ph/sician and farmer, section 33. was born in Barren County, Kentucky, June 3, 1828, his parents being William I. and Emily (Willis) Garnett, natives of Virginia. R. W. was the third of a family of five children. He grew to manhood in Kentuck}-, receiving his education in the schools of that state and at the age of seventeen began the study of medicine with Dr. John Green of Barren County. He read with him about three years after which he began practicing in that county where he remained until 1855. Then he, came to St. Clair County, Missouri, where he has since practiced his profession and followed farming. His farm contains 200 acres and will average with any in this section. He is a member of the Baptist Church and belongs to the Masonic frater- nity. August 2, i860. Dr. G. was married to Miss Julia A. Ledbetter. She was born in St. Clair County, Missouri, September 9, 1842. They have eight children: William I., Lucy Lee, Ed., Docia, Ermine, Bettie, Josia, and Dick. NICHOLAS B. GREEN was born in Lafayette County, Missouri, March 29. 1838. and was a son of Joseph and Jane G. Green, natives of Tennessee. In 185 i his par- ents moved to St. Clair County, Missouri. He was reared upon his father's farm and received an education in the common schools of Mis- souri. Mr. G. is now one of the leading farmers in his township and owns a farm containing 605 acres, well improved. Two hundred acres are under fence and in a high state of cultivation. He is at present feeding eighty-two head of cattle. He received a wound at the battle of Lone Jack during the war. May 2, 1861, Mr. Green was married to Miss Elizabeth Browning, a native of Virginia. They have six children: Susan. Permela, Isabelle, Joseph H., Robert L., and Bessie. They have lost five children. He is a member of the Grange. DANIEL B. KIDD. farmer and stock raiser, section 16. one of the representative citizens of St. Clair Count}-, was born in Madison County, Kentucky, August 22, 1833. His parents were Allen and Mildred (Gorland) Kidd, both natives BIOGRAPHICAL. 1 1 47 of Virginia. When Daniel B. was about one year old they moved to Columbia, Boone County, Missouri, and in 1840 to Pettis County. In 1841 Johnson Count}' became their home, they going thence in 1843 to Lexington, Lafayette County. In 1848 they located in Henry County, Missouri. Allen Kidd was an excellent carpenter and worked in these various points on public buildings. Daniel B., having learned the trade of wool carding in Henry County, located at Osceola, St. Clair County, in 1853 and was engaged in following that business for four years. The succeeding two years he was occupied in farming, and then for one year gave his attention to wool carding at Taberville and then in Seda- Ha, where he was engaged in manufacturing wagons and speculating. In 1867 he returned to St. Clair County and here has since been inter- ested in farming and raising stock. His landed estate consists of 3,600 acres, his home farm being well improved. He is feeding 123 head of beef cattle and 200 head of stock cattle. He also makes a specialty of fine blooded stock, having a superior herd of short horns. He is a member of the Christian Church and belongs to the I. O. O. F. Novem- ber 6, 1856, Mr. Kidd was married to Miss Mary Ledbetter, a native of Tennessee. She was born December 29, 1836. They have five chil- dren: Christopher C, Daniel B., Jr., Charles B., Marion and Logan C. GEORGE H. LYONS, farmer, section 7, was born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, October 9, 1826, his father being Jacob Lyons, a native of Pennsylvania. He was a son of William Lyons, who came originallj' from Germany. The mother of George, formerly Ann Hertzog, was born in Germany. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated at his birthplace, there learning the trade of carpenter, which he followed in his native state till 1855. Then he moved to Linn County, Iowa, and worked at his chosen calling till 1867, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He now owns a farm of 240 acres of excellent land. December 27, i860, Mr. Lyon mar- ried Miss Sarah A. Bolton, of Indiana. They have nine children: Jacob C, William B., Margaret R., John E., Mary A., Jennie E., Anna B., Abraham W. and Bertha. P. A. MOTTLEY, farmer and stock raiser, section 20, was born December 13, 1823, in Pitt- sylvania County, Virginia, his parents being David and Gibia (Nichols) Mottley, Virginians by birth P. A. remained in his native county until fifteen years old when he went to Tennessee, there follow- ing farming until 1846. Coming to St. Clair County, Missouri, he settled on the farm which he now occupies. He has since lived in this county, excepting from 1848 to 1855, which time he spent in California and Mex- II4S HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. ico. His farm contains i.ioo acres, 300 of which are in cultivation. Mr. M. was a soldier in the Mexican war. He was treasurer of his township during the township organization. January 8, 1863, he was married to Miss Zilia Parks, a native of Missouri. They have a family of seven children: Margaret J. and James D., twins, Francis A., George L., Mer- ritt r>., Wade H. and Sarah. JOHN VV. PIERCE, farmer and insurance agent, section 22, was born in Washington Count}', New York, January 20, i88, died April 16, 1882. Mr. H. settled upon his present farm in 1842, and has resfded in the county since that time. He devotes much time and attention to stock raising. He is a member of the Primitive Baptist Church, organized in 1836. In politics he is a Greenbacker. JAMES RILEY JOHNSTON was born in Warren County, Missouri, October 2^.823, -^ -^ *e^on of Joseph Johnston, a Virginian by birth, born F'^bruary 16 .784, who in 805 married Miss Rebecca Bryan. She was onginaly from Clark County, Kentucky, and was born April 8. 17^. They had nirteen child- ren, of whom only four are now living. In .843 'l^^f^""' ^ "Zcl .2 St Clair County, Missouri, and here the senior Johnston died March 12, ,850, his widow surviving until April 5, .875. when she a so passed away^ JaLs R. came into possession of the homestead ^^f" the death o his father, but in ,877 exchanged this property for a farm of '^o^'cresin Polk Township, moving upon it in the spring of «hat year. In 872 he was elected sheriff of this county and re-elected in >874, and during his term of office he resided in Osceola. Mr. J. was married September 5. 856. to Miss Harriet Gist, daughter of Thomas and Margaret Gist of this ounty. To them were born eight children: Joseph Emmett (died luly 24 1865), Ellen, William T., John H. (died in infancy), Andrew B, Eva O Fannie and Rebecca M. Mr. J. followed farming as his chief !ccupa ion, but at times tau.ht school. In .880 he was appomted ce - sus enumerator for Polk and Dallas Townships, but - -ou^;/ health was obliged to give it up. He died on June '■ '8«°' ^^'^ =^" '^'^ ness of nineteen days, and having been a member of the Masonic lod.e Il6? HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. at Osceola, was buried by that order in the familj' cemeter)' in Jackson Township. He was a zealous member of the Christian Church, and during his life was a man honored and respected by all for his uniform kindness and upright daily walk. WILLIAM PAYNE. originall}' from Greene County, Tennessee, was born July 14, 1830, his parents being Eleazer and Elizabeth (Looney) Payne, both natives of Hawkins County, Tennessee, the former born in 1808, and the latter in 1809. Their marriage occurred in 1827, and to them were born ten children, of whom but two daughters and one son are living. Emigrat- ing to St. Clair County, Missouri, in 1842, they remained there for three years, then returning to Tennessee. Mr. Payne died September 18, 1845, and his widow now resides with her only son, William, in this township. In 1855 our subject purchased 120 acres of land in Polk Township, this county, upon which he has since lived. November 12, 1848, he married Miss Mahala Suiter, also a Tennesseean by birth. They were the par- ents of six sons and five daughters, all of whom survive save one daughter. Mrs. Payne died in 1873. About four years thereafter Mr. P. married Mrs. Mary A., widow of John W. Ellis, of this county. They have had three children, two daughters and one son. Mrs. Payne has three daughters by her former marriage. Mi. P. is one of the most enterprising agriculturists in the township in which he resides. In poli- tics he is a Greenbacker. Himself and wife are identified with the Methodist Protestant Church. JOHN POLING was born in Randolph Count)', Virginia, September 8, 1816, his parents, John and Margaret Poling, nee Gainer, also being natives of the same county. The former, born in 1796, died while our subject was an infant, and the latter was born in 1799. Their marriage occurred in 18 14. One year after the death of her husband, Mrs. Poling married Abner Schoon- over, of the same county, and with him emigrated to Macon County, Missouri. They had nine children, and of these three daughters only are living. Mr. S. died March i, 1862. He was a celebrated fifer, and was fife-major of the Eleventh regiment, Missouri State militia. His widow also died in 1862. John Poling, the only child in his father's family, was brought up by his stepfather, and was married to Miss Emily Palon, of Barbour County, Virginia. To them were born three children: Edith M., Arch E. and Luther G. Mrs. P. died August 9, 1874. He was afterwards married to Mrs. Sarah Bernard, w^dow of James Bernard, of St. Clair County, who has five children living, and all residents of this BIOGRAPHICAL. I163 county. Mr. Poling now resides on section 9, of this township, where he owns 160 acres. He also owns a farm in the central portion of the town- ship, upon which is a celebrated spring, known as the Poling Spring. He has been very successful in the cultivation and raising of wheat, and one year from three bushels of seed sown on less than three acres of land realized 105 bushels, an average of nearly thirty-five bushels per acre. He also raises considerable corn. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and politically is Democratic. ALEXANDER M. RICE is a native of Sumner County, Tennessee, and was born July 30, 1845. His parents, William and Lena Rice, nee Cotton, were born in the same county, and they had a family of six daughters and four sons, of whom there are now living Henry S., Mary M., Sassandre Alice, and Alexan- der M. Rice. The latter was married in 1865 to Miss Ellen Hooper, daughter of Claybourne and Mary Hooper, of this county. They have had eight children, but only five survive: James A., Mary M., Anna, William E. and Estella. Mr. Rice commenced life for himself at the age of eighteen years, and in 1880 he purchased his first farm, of lOO acres, located on section 8 of this township, about eight or nine miles north- east of Osceola. Since that time he has been improving this place. He is very industrious and energetic, and is rapidly assuming a place among the enterprising agriculturists of the vicinity. His farm is well adapted for stock raising. Mr. Rice and his wife are identified with the M. E. Church, which meets at Sheldon's school house, this township. His political views are Democratic. ALBERT B. SHELDON was born December 27, 18 16, near Hartford, Connecticut, his parents being Pardon and Nancy Sheldon, ncc Mann, both of whom were born near Providence, Rhode Island, in the year 1780. They had three sons and three daughters. Pardon died June 18, 1822, in Connecticut, and his widow departed this life in 1836 in Rhode Island. In 1837, leaving the state of his birth, Albert B. Sheldon went to St. Louis, Missouri, and was occupied for a time in traveling through Missouri, Illinois, Arkansas and the Cherokee Nation in the interest of a clock business. Subse- quently, with Nicholas Campbell, he purchased a stock of general mer- chandise and took it as far as Boonville, then going in search of a suita- ble location. Upon reaching Fairfield, in Benton County, they opened up a business in a log structure erected for the purpose on August 20, 1837. In December of that year Mr. S. received an appointment as postmaster. He continued this trade for three years, and on December I 164 IITSTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 25, 1839, Miss Eliza Gardner, of St. Clair County, who was born Sep- tember 10, 1822. in Marion County, Missouri, became his wife. Her father, James Gardner, was among the oldest pioneers of this county. He was originally from Georgia, but emigrated to Tennessee in an early day, going thence to Marion County, Missouri, and later to this county in 1833, before it was organized. He, together with Crow and Crutch- field, located the town of Osceola, erecting the first store above the gov- ernment trading post, conducted by Bishop and Hogle. Mr. and Mrs, Sheldon have had nine children, six sons and three daughters, of whom there are living: William P., married a Miss Seaby, of Osceola; Luther W., married Anna White, of Monroe City; Thomas J., born September 15, 1853, ^^^ Marietta, born December 15, 1855, (wife of Dr. Nathaniel Wright, of this county. After his marriage Mr. S. purchased eighty acres of land on King's Prairie, but eight years later sold it and bought 120 acres in Polk Township. He has since then been a large land owner, but now has only 160 acres, upon which he resides. He and his wife have been members of the Christian Church for thirty-five years. His political views are Democratic and he has served as magistrate in this township. LUTHER W. SHELDON was born January 23, 1845, in St. Clair County, Missouri, and was the son of Albert B. and Eliza (Gardner) Sheldon, who had been married December 25, 1839. The former was born near Hartford, Connecticut, December 27, 18 16, and the latter was born December 10, 1822, and of the original family of nine chidren — six sons and three daughters — four children survive: William P., Thomas J., Marietta and Luther W. The last named son married Miss Anna E. White, of Marion County, Mis- souri and they have had five children. William Albert, born September 9. 1871; Shelby W., born January 9, 1873; Bessie and Byron (twins), born September 2, 1877, (both died in early infancy); and Hattie May, born May 14, 1879. I" 1868 M^"- Sheldon purchased seventy-five acres of land on section 8, of this township, and subsequently bought eighty acres adjoining. He has since been actively engaged in farming and stock raising and is one of the model farmers of Polk Township. He is a member of the L O. O. F. fraternity at Osceola and is also connected with the M. E. Church, South, while his wife belongs to the Missionary Baptist Church, at Osceola. Politically he is a Democrat. JOHN A. WISNER was born May 3, 1837, and was a native of Canton Basel, Switzerland, where his parents, Adam and Catharine Wisner, were also born, the former in October, 181 1, and the latter March 23, 18 17. They were mar- BIOGRAPHICAL. II65 ried April 6, 1836, and had seven sons and six daughters, and of this number two sons and three daughters have died. Emigrating to America in 1843, they first settled in Virginia, purchasing lOO acres of land and remaining upon it for four years. In 1847 Mr. W. sold this property, went to Sciota County, Ohio, and three years la+^er removed to Van Buren County, Iowa, where he bought a forty acre tract. After resid- ing in Iowa about six years, he came to Cooper County, Missouri, in the spring of 1859, ^"^ '^^ 1S60 to St. Clair County. He bought 160 acres of land in this township, but in two years exchanging places, secured one ol 170 acres in Osceola Township, where he lived until his death, July 30, 1871. His widow now resides with one of her sons in this township. John A. Wisner, our subject, was married April i, i860, to Miss Lora Clark, of Van Buren County, Iowa. They have eight children: Joseph, born January 29, 1861; Sarah, born September i, 1862, (wife of George W. Garrison, of this county); Martha A., born March 20, 1864; Laura and Lora, (twins) born April 29, 1867; Jessie, born December 17, 1869; Jeremiah, born May 16, 1872, and Adam Clark, born January 30, 1875. In 1866 Mr. Wisner purchased a farm of eighty-two acres in Polk Town- ship, upon which he still resides. In 1876 he was nominated and elected to the position of magistrate, and was re-elected in 1878 and again in 1880, still holding that office. Mrs. W. and five children are members of the M. E. Church. He is a Democrat. NATHANIEL P. WRIGHT, M. D., a native of Washington County, Kentucky, was born May i, 1849, and was the son of Nathaniel Wright of the same county, born October 14, 1806, who on October 11, 1831, married Miss Elizabeth Parker, who was born in Culpeper County, Virginia, October ii, 1813. Of their original family of twelve children eleven are now living: Elizabeth V., John W., Amanda P., Missouri, James K. P., Kitty H., C. W., Alice A., Anna E., Albert S., and of this number the subject of this sketch was the fifth son and eighth child. One son, Thomas J., a graduate of the medical col- lege at Louisville, died in his native state. Nathaniel P., was educated at his birthplace, and also an attended the medical college at Louisville, where he graduated in the class of 1875-76. In 1868 the senior Wright, with his family, emigrated to St. Clair County, Missouri, settling first in Jackson and later in Polk Township. The Doctor was married Novem- ber I, 1876, to Marietta Sheldon, daughter of Albert B. and Eliza CGardner) Sheldon, of this township, They have three children: Leo S., born December 6, 1877; Julia, born August 27, 1879; and Ethel, born January 9, 1882. Though commencing his practice against a strong and well established competition, Dr. Wright has met with flattering success, and to a patronage which he richly deserves, it extending beyond the Il66 fllSrOKV OF ST. CLAIR COUN TV. limits of St. Clair County, into Hickory and Benton. The first mill in this locality was erected on a part of his present farm. He owns 350 acres of land and has had great success in the raising of wheat. He is a member of the Mt. Olivet Baptist Church, Henry County, and also belongs to the A. F. & A. M., and A. O. U. W. fraternities. Politically he is a Democrat. His wife is connected with the M. E. Church, South, of Bear Creek. DALLAS TOWNSHIP. MILLARD FILLMORE ALLEN. a native of Allen County, Kentucky, was born in 1850, and was the son of Lee Allen, a Kentuckian by birth, born in 1825, who, in 1848, was married to Elizabeth Russell, of the same state. In 1853, the family leaving the state of their birth, went to Arkansas, from whence, after living there three years, they came to St. Clair County, Missouri, locat- ing where Millard F. now resides. In 1872 he was married to Miss Samantha Myers, a daughter of Daniel Myers, of this county. They have had five children: Loge, Bird, Nola, Bert and Delia. Four of these are living. Mr. Allen is the owner of a beautiful tarm of 240 acres, sit- uated in a valley on one of the confluences of Weaubleau Creek, and for agricultural purposes this is unsurpassed in the township. Politically he is a Democrat. GEORGE W. BAZZILL, originally from Delaware County, Indiana, was born August 3, 1S37. His father, Ezekiel Bazzill, was born in 1792 in Virginia, and in that state learned his trade of boot and shoe makinr. After following that occupation some time he married during the s immer of 1816, Miss Tamor Massie, and to them were born eleven children, of whom George W. is the seventh. While he was a small boy his father removed to Cooper County, Missouri, thence to Johnson County, and finally to Col- orado in 1859. Returning from that state Mr. B. stopped at Platte City, and until about the year 1865 was engaged in car building. In 1861 he was married to Miss lona Buck, who subsequently died, leaving one child, Mary lona. His second marriage occurred in 1869 to Miss Mary M. Nolan, and by this union there arc two children now living: Sidney BIOGRAPHICAL. I167 C. and Tamor E. She also died and Mr. B. was again married in 1880, the maiden name of his third wife being Malinda L. Duegan. They have one child, Lexey May. He is the owner of 160 acres of excellent land in section 5. and also a farm of eighty acres on section 6, of this township. His residence is situated on an elevation commanding an extensive view ot the surrounding country. Mr. Brazzill is a member of Long Ridge Church. MITCHELL Y. CAUTHON was born on the 21st of December. 185 1, in St. Clair County, Missouri. James Cauthon, his father, a carpenter by trade and a native of Mis- souri, was born in 1824, and in 1849 married Miss Eliza Burse, of this county and a daughter of Zach. Burse, Esq. To them were born thir- teen children, of whom Mitchell Y. was the second child. He resided on the home place until his marriage, in 1867, to Miss Penelope Dodson, and they have had four children: James E., William R., George M. and Izona. Politically, Mr. C. is a staunch Republican and always has been such. He owns eighty acres of land, and besides farming is interested in stock raising to some extent. JAMES R. CARR, a prominent young farmer of this township, was born in Monroe County, Illinois, in 1857. His parents, Jonathan and Maria (Parker) Carr, were both natives of Illinois, the former having been born in 1833. They were married in 1854. James R. remained at home until 1874, when he came to Missouri and commenced work as a farm hand. In 1877 he was married to Miss Harriet Renfro, daughter of Markis Renfro, of Dallas Township. They have two bright children, Bertie and William K. JOHN T. CARVER was born in Carter County, Kentucky, on November 4, 1830, his parents being Morgan and Harriet Carver, nee Pierce. The former was born in Albermarle County, Virginia, in 1755, and was a farmer by occupation. Shortly after his marriage he emigrated to Kentucky in 1828, and ir* 1863 died in Carter County at the advanced age of 108 years. John T. was the fourth child of a family of fourteen. In i860 he was united in marriage with Miss Ameseta Peters, of Virginia birth. Just previous to the late civil war he came to this county, and during that conflict, on account of his party principles, which were Democratic, he was twice threatened with lynch law. Mr. and Mrs. Carver have had sixteen children: Alice Gertrude, Fannie Belle, George, Ella, John Morgan, Emma Dora, William Worth, James T., Emma Sarah, Charles Edward, Il68 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COaNTV. Laura Elizabeth, Harry, Sylva, Thomas F., Joseph D. and Ameseta. Two of these died while \-ouni^. Mr. C. is a member of the United Brethern Church, of Mt. Carmel. He owns i68 acres of land on King's Prairie, and is extensively engage in the raising of stock. WILLIAM COWIN, farmer, came originally from East Tennessee, where he was born in 1833. His parents were George and Lydia (Thornton) Cowin, the former born in July, 1800, and the latter on the first day of the first year of the nine- teenth century. Their m arriage occurred in 1823, and to them were born eight children, of whom William was the youngest. He lived in his native state until 1836, when he accompanied his father to Missouri, settling in Saline County. There he was reared upon a farm and enjoy- ed the advantages of attending the schools of the locality, gladly avail- ing himself of such opportunities. In 1870 he was married to Miss Elizabeth Fizer, of Saline County, a daughter of Henry Fizer, Mr. Cowin now owns a fine farm of 200 acres. Politically he is a Democrat. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. JAMES MADISON DELOZIER owes his nativity to South Carolina, where he was born in 1813. Edward H. Delozier, his father, born in Maryland in 1779, was married in 1812 to Miss Frances Dyre, a Virginian by birth, who was born in 1784. James M. Delozier is recognized as being one of the earliest settlers of this county, having come here while it was in its unimproved state, and after years of toil and privations, encountering many difficulties, has succeeded in securing a landed estate of 140 acres on King's Prairie, situated out of the line of bluffs bordering Weaubleau Creek. In 1847 he was married to Melissa Jane Todd, daughter of John B. Todd, of this county. They have had fourteen children: George W.., Joseph J., Mary C, James E., William J., Martha J., Rebecca F., John A., Francis M., Henry, Robert, John W., Margaret and Lucy A. Politically, he is a Republican of the strongest type. During the late war he served in the Eighth Missouri under Colonel McClurg. JAMES W. AND JOHN C. GREEN are sons of Elziphaniah Green, who was born in Bath Count}', Kentucky, December 15, 1815. In 1840, while in Nicholas County, he met Miss Sarah J. Bell, to whom he was united in marriage the following spring. They had a family of ten children, James being the oldest and John C. the sixth child. The former was born in Nicholas County in 1842, and BIOGRAPHICAL. 1 169 in 1858 accompanied his parents to Missouri, they settling in Cooper County. In 1877 J, W. Green was married to Miss Martha A. Hatfield, and to them were born three children: John W., Peter E. and Joseph Francis. The oldest son is dead. John C. Green was born in 1858, and •continued to reside with the family on the old homestead until 1876, when he married Miss Lucy J. Wyatt, daughter of George Wyatt. They have had two children, Elizabeth A. and Ella S. These brothers now own and reside upon the land formerly occupied by their father, consist- ing of 254 acres, in section 3. They are farmers possessed with a most energetic will. JAMES R. STILES was born in Johnson County, Missouri, in 1847, and was the son of Dennis Stiles, a Kentuckian by birth, born in 1818, who, in 1838, emigrated to Johnson County, being one of the first settlers there. He was married twice, the second time in 1845, to Miss Tamson Bazzill, daughter of Ezekiel Bazzill. They had seven children, four sons and three daughters, James being the eldest child. In 1866 the senior Stiles leaving Johnson County, came to St. Clair County. A few years later, or in August, 1870, James R. was united in marriage with Miss Mary M. Jackson. They had five children, four of whom are living: James Henry, Lizzie S., Clara B. and Rolla J. The eldest son, Johnny Lewis, died August 18, 1881. Mr. Stiles is the owner of a farm of lOO acres, located in section 7. He is much interested in stock matters and gives considerable atten- tion to fine stock, having some excellent animals. Formerly he was politically a Democrat, but later began to be found in the ranks of the Greenback party. He is a member of the Baptist Church at Macedonia and also belongs to the Grange, Concord lodge. Mr. S.'s mother, a native of Virginia, born in 1807, is now living and in the enjoyment of good health. THOMAS TERRY, the son of James and Nancy P. Terry, was born in King William County, Virginia, on the 25th of December, 1817. His father, a native of the same county, was born in 1778, and died there. In 1797 his marriage occurred, his wife also being a Virginian by birth, and they had a family often children, of whom Thomas was the ninth child. In 1842, leaving the state of his birth, he emigrated to St. Louis County, Missouri, and after living there for eight years, moved to St. Clair County, which has since been his home. About the year 1845, he was married in Cole County, Missouri, to Miss Mary J. Walser, a daughter of Squire P. Wal- ser. They have had ten children: Elizabeth A., Squire Walser, Elvira, Cass, John S., Eliza, Daniel Elias, Magoon, Stanton, and Albert G. In politics, Mr, Terry is a Republican, though never having taken any active I I/O HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. part in political matters. He is connected with the Baptist denomina- tion. WILLIAM TUCKER. a twin brother of Elizabeth Tucker, was born in Lincoln County, Ken- tucky, in 1828, the eldest of a family of eight children, seven of whom grew to maturity. Early Tucker, his father, who was also born in Lin- coln County in 1802, remained there occupied in farming and trapping until 1832, when he emigrated to Johnson (at that period Lafayette) County, bringing his entire possessions in an ox-cart, while the family, who were large enough to do so, walked by the way. After his arrival here in order to build a cabin he was compelled (as elsewhere stated) to send fourteen miles for help to raise the structure. Previous to this, in 1827, he had married Miss Lucretia Owsley, of Lincoln County, Ken- tucky, and a niece of Governor Owsley. William was brought up in this vicinity upon a farm, and while school was held attended the ses- sions, though compelled to travel a distance of four miles through a trackless forest to the school house. On January ii, 1846, he was mar- ried to Miss Amanda Bazzill, daughter of Ezekiel Bazzill. To them were born six children: Mary P., born in 185 i; Samuel H., born in 1853; James M., born in 1855; Melvin J., born 1856; John F., born in i860; and William P., born in 1866. Mr. Tucker was brought up a Whig, afterwards voted the Democratic ticket and is now a Greenbacker. He is a mem- ber of the M. E. Church, South, belongs to the Grange and also to the Masonic fraternity. He is the owner of a most excellent farm in section 7, and upon it raises considerable stock, the quality and purity of which is surpassed by none, and in numbers but few are in advance of him. In 1850 Mr. Tucker's brother Henry, together with William Smith and a man named Moore, left Johnson County for the gold fields of California. Within three years Smith and Moore died, and Henry Tucker, having amassed quite a fortune, began to make preparations for his return. Starting he got as far as Boonville, where, overtaken by robbers, he was poisoned, stripped of even his clothes, robbed of his hard earned money, and placed upon the stage in an unconscious condition for Georgetown, where he arrived but he never knew his own father, who met him at that point. William Tucker now has in his posession the purse tiiat contained the money of his murdered brother. JOHN T. TUCKER is a native of Gasconade County, Missouri, and was born in 1853, being the son of Thomas and Jane (Miller) Tucker, both origin all\- from Ten- nessee, the former having been born in 1830. They were married in 1852. In 1866 John T., still a small boy, came to this township, and lias BIOGRAPHICAL. liyt since continued to reside here. In 1874 he was married to Miss Mary Walters, a daughter of William Walters, and by this marriage there were four children, three of whom survive: William C, Nellie F. and Efifie. One died in infancy. Mr. T. is by occupation a farmer, but occa- sionally follows the trade of blacksmith, in which he is quite an adept. JOHN J. C. WOOLF was born in Caldwell County, Kentucky, on the 20th of June, 18 17, his father being Alfred Woolf, of the same county, born July 26, 1784. He was married in i8i2, his wife, a Kentuckian by birth, having been born in 1786. John J. C. Woolf was united in marriage in 1836 Jto Miss Ellen Bigs, a daughter of Elisha Bigs, of the same county as himself. Soon after, emigrating to Missouri, he located near Warsaw, Benton County, and upon living there for two or three years, in 1840 came to St. Clair County and settled, where he now resides, upon Weaubleau Creek. By his first marriage he had one child, a son, Henry Clay, now living in Livingston County. He was married a second time, in St. Clair County, to Miss Elizabeth Stealy, daughter of Jack Stealy, July 20, 1840. His third wife was Sealy M. Wade, to whom he was married in 1876. In 1856 Mr. Woolf purchased a mill on Weaubleau, known as Woolf's Mill, and successfully operated it during the war and after for twenty years. During the course of the civil war he remained neutral, taking no part on either side, and by his uniform courtesy and gentlemanly bearing was unmolested. He is now the owner of 1,080 acres of very fine land situated in the bottoms of Weaubleau. COLLINS TOWNSHIP. JOSEPH P. BUTCHER, a prominent member of the Greenback party in St. Clair County and an influential citizen of this township, was born in Murray County, Tennes- see, May 16, 1823. His father, Isaac Butcher, who was born in 1784 in Loudoun County, Virginia, embraced the faith of Alexander Campbell and became a minister in the Christian Church. In 1806 he married Miss Rebecca Renfro, daughter of Peter Renfro, well known in the early history of Kentucky. To them were born thirteen children, of whom' II72 FIISTORV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Joseph P. was the tenth in number. He remained in his native state until six years old, when (1829) he went to Illinois, making it his home until 1869. At that time he came to this county. While residing in Illinois he took a prospecting tour to California in 1851, and returned with most satisfactory success in one }'car. In 1S53 Mr. Butcher was married to Miss Emeline Wood, of Macoupin County, Illinois, a daughter of Abraham Wood and granddaughter of Edman Wood. They have had seven children: Mary E., A. W., Clara E., Francis L., Charles F., (who died August 25, 1863) Cora B. and Francis H. These children are well educated and possess a natural fondness for study. Mr. B. is a pow- erful advocate of the Greenback doctrine and a most agreeable conversa- tionalist, while his hospitality is exceeded by few. He has repeatedly^ been offered the position of judge and twice has been asked to represent his county in the state legislature. His early education was obtained through his own efforts at night by the light of the tallow candle, and he afterwards fitted himself for entrance into the medical fraternity and studied medicine. This he discontinued and engaged in farming and stock raising. Mr. B. owns 280 acres of land in Coon Creek Valley, upon which he has a fine residence. FRANKLIN CHOICE, farmer and stock raiser, is a Virginian by birth, and was born in 1820. His father, John Choice, who was also born in Virginia, was married to Miss Jane Haygood in 18 13, and they had five children, of whom Frank- lin was the youngest. He resided with his parents until 1842, and in that year was married to Miss Martha E. Copeland, of Cumberland County, Virginia. To them were born eight children: William F., Mary, Laura V., Augusta M., Charles, Mattie J., Louisa and Anna. In 1859 Mr. Choice, leaving his native state, emigrated to Missouri and settled in St. Clair County, on the place which he now occupies. He has eighty acres in his farm, it being very productive land, and upon it is a good residence. He is most thorough in his transactions, and this is the cause of his success. In politics he is a Republican. He was a mem- ber of the militia under Captain Cook during the late war. JUDGE WILLIAM COLLINS, a well known citizen of this county was born in Pulaski County. Ken- tucky, May 17, 1819, and is the second son of William and Sarah Collins, nee Porterfield, both natives of Washington Count}', Virginia. The for- mer was born in 1784, and the latter in 1790, they having been married in 1 8 10. Young William remained at home until eleven }-ears of age, ■when he went to Adair Count}-, Kentuck}', to live with an uncle. Here BIOGRAPHICAL. I 1 73 he received his education, and spent the rest of his time in working upon farms there, until 1854, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, set- tling in what is now known as Collins Township (then Washington). In the )'ear 1847, he was married in Russell County, Kentucky, to Miss Anna L. Miller, a daughter of the late Nathaniel Miller. To them were born eight children: Nathaniel J. Charles P., Martha M., William S., Milly A., John S., Sallie J., and Mary E. Politically, Mr. Collins is a Republican, and in 1866, was nominated by that party for judge of the county court. After am exciting campaign, in which the Democrats exerted themselves nobly, he was elected and served faithfully and well, winning the approbation of all. During his administration, the act known as "The New Township Act," was passed, and in accordance with its provisions, Washington Township was divided, one part retain- ing the name of Washington. It becoming necessary to name the terri- tory thus taken off, the name of him who had served so well and had discharged his official duties with such good judgment, was proposed and so thereafter called. Judge Collins has now retired from political life, and is devoting his attention to the cultivation of his larm at the same time filling the position of postmaster of Collins. He owns i6g acres of land. JOSIAII J. CONN, farmer, section 21, is the son of Josiah Conn, originally from Tennessee, who in 1837 feft that state, emigrating to Cooper County, Missouri. After living there some time he removed first to Camden County and thence to Dallas, where he died in 1863. The subject of this sketch was mar- ried in 1850 to Miss Evaline Stockton, daughter of Josiah Stockton. She died, leaving one child, Elizabeth. In 1854 Mr. C. was again married; this time to Miss Amanda Hendricks, of Dallas County and a daughter of Mark Hendricks. They have been blessed with a family of ten child- ren: John A., Felix S., James L., William H., Columbus T., Mary I., Vir- ginia T., Dorothy C , George F. and Minnie E. Two of these are deceased. During the late war Mr. Conn served in Company G, Chit- wood's command of the Missouri State Volunteers, in the capacity of corporal. He is a Master Mason and belongs to Modern Lodge, No. 144, of Humansville, Polk County. His farm embraces 200 acres of land. He was formerly occupied in the stock business, but on account of fail- ing health was obliged to give it up. ALFRED L. GASH, a native of Marion County, Missouri, was born September 20, 1823, his parents, William and Elizabeth Gash, having been among the earliest settlers of St. Clair County. The former was born in East Tennessee 1174 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. and in 1820, was married in Marion Count)-, Missouri, to which locality he had moved in 1S18. In 1835 the family came to this county, locating al)out one mile from the present residence of Alfred L. Here William Gash died in 1847, his wife departing this life in 1858. In 1848 the sub- ject of this sketch was married to Miss Lucinda Phillips, a daughter of Gomer Phillips, an old resident of this county. They have seven child- ren living: Jane E., Mary C, William G., Martha L., John T., James G. and Lucinda L. Mr. Gash is at present living upon and conducting the farm of a brother who is in California. , GEORGE G. HUNT, originally from Devonshire, England, was born in September, 1853. His father, Nicholas Hunt, was a prominent stock breeder of that country. His mother's maiden name was Jane Gill, and they were married in 1843. To them were born eight children, of whom George G. was the fifth child. Leaving his native country in 1871 he emigrated to Amer- ica and located in West Virginia. In the fall of 1873 he removed to Lafayette County, Missouri, and after making his home there for eight years came to his present place of residence. He is the owner of a good farm of 160 acres, and is acknowledged to be one of the leaders in the stock industry in Henry County. His flock of sheep number 480 head, and other stock in proportion. He is possessed of great thrift and energy and is one of the most enterprising agriculturists in this vicinity. While in England Mr. Hunt was a Conservative and is now a Democrat. WILLIAM O. MARTIN, a son of one of the oldest inhabitants of St. Clair Count}- and a pioneer of great ability, was born in Henry County, Virginia, earh' in the spring of 1837. Samuel H. Martin, his father, a Virginian by birth, was born February 20, 1813, and in 1834 v/as married to Miss Doroth)- B. Allen, of Henry County, that state, and a daughter of WMUiam Allen. She was born June 4, 18 17, and at this time is still living though in feeble health. In 1837, Samuel Martin, together with his family, removed to Missouri, and upon looking around for a location finally settled in Collins Town- ship, St. Clair County. Many were the hardships which they endured, and in the erection of a cabin, Mrs. M. kept off the savages while her husband built the structure. In the spring of 1839 a son, John, was born, and finally the family numbered nine children: Joseph H.. twins (not named), Jane E. and Letha. After living upon Brush Creek one year Mr. M. moved to the place now occupied by his widow, and wliile living entered here over i.ooo acres of land. William O. Martin was married January 21, 1866, to Miss Elizabeth Thompson, a daughter of Enos and BIOGRAPHICAL. II75 Elizabeth Thompson. They had five children: Letha, Remus, William R.. Alice F. and an infant. Of these two only are living. Mr. M. owns 283 acres of excellent land in Doyal Township but is now living with his mother and conducting the affairs of her estate. His wife is deceased. During the late war he served in the militia. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and belongs to lodge No. 310 at Humansville, Polk County. SAMUEL D. MINKS, blacksmith and wagon maker, is a Kentuckian by birth, and was born on April 14, 1842, his parents being Gillson and Susan Minks, nee Car- penter, the former also a native of Kentucky. Samuel remained at home and attended school until the breaking out of the civil war, when, fired with patriotism, he left the parental roof and in 1863 enlisted in Company D, First Arkansas infantry. After serving for two years and seven months he was honorably discharged. Upon the close of this struggle Mr. M. came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and was married here in 1868 to Miss Melvina Burcuett. They had five children: John W.. Silas P., William H., Cora and Richard G. His second marriage occurred in 1879, ^o Miss Martha Cox. Mr. Minks is the owner of 320 acres of land in this township, with a good orchard, residence, etc. Upon it is also a blacksmith shop, where he follows his trade. RILEY OVERTON, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Vego County, Indiana, in 1837. His father, Matthias Overton, was a native of Scotland, but left that country when he was ten years of age, coming to the United States and locating in Switzerland County, North Carolina. After residing there a few years he moved to Indiana. In 1822 he married Miss Nancy Whaley, of North Carolina, and to them were born eight children. When Riley was but four years old his father died, and he continued to live with his mother until he was thirteen, then binding himself out to work until his seventeenth year. This contract expiring, he worked at different places for a time, and was then married to Miss Leona Wright Gunn, a daugh- ter of John Gunn, of Vego County, Indiana, They have had three sons and three daughters: Mary E., Ella F., Edgar R., William R., Harriet C, and Arthur H., politically Mr. Overton is a Republican. Me is one of the prominent farmers of this township, and now owns 319 acres of valuable land, under fence and well improved, upon which is a good vineyard, residence and outbuildings. JAMES B. OWEN, section 29, a representative citizen of this township, is the son of Josiah and Sarah Owen, iiee Butcher, and was born in Gasconade County, Mis- I 176 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. souri, in 1833. His father was born in South Carolina in 1801, and in 1824 was married, his wife having come originally from Calhoun, Ten- nessee. They had twelve children. James being the hfth child. Previous to his birth the senior Owen had moved to Gasconade County, Missouri, but when nine years old the subject of this sketch, leaving that vicinity, went to Camden County in 1842, to Dade County in 1843, Hickory in 1848, Cooper in i860, and finally settled in St. Clair County in 1869. In 1855 Mr. Owen was married in Hickory County to Lucy A. Dickinson, and they are the parents of eleven children: Marion J., William, Med- ford. Louisa C, James M., Mary S., Sarah M., Nancy R., Mattie D., Charlie J. and John F. Mr. O. is a leading member of the Democratic party, and has been a delegate to conventions at Osceola every year since in the county. He took an active part in the rebellion, and was engaged in forty-two battles, first serving as lieutenant and then as quartermaster general. He received three severe wounds, and had three horses shot from under him. His landed estate embraces 240 acres. JOHN W. PLUMBLEE was born in White County, Tennessee, March 15, 1835, his father bein^ William Plumblee, a Virginian by birth, born in August, 1800, who, while young, left that state and accompanied his father to Tennessee. In 1826, he was married there to Miss Sarah Lewellen, a daughter of Jacob Lewellen, of Tennessee. John W. was the fourth child in a family often children. When yet a small boy (three years old), he accom- panied the family to Newton County, Missouri, but a short time after- wards removed to Berryville, Arkansas, at which time this place was made up of one house and a stable owne^ by the senior Plumblee. Leav- ing there in 1858, he emigrated to Texas, but in i860, returned to Arkansas, where he was residing at the breaking out of the civil war. In 1862, Mr. P. entered the United States service as a volunteer in Com- pany E, First Arkansas Cavalry Regiment, serving as such till June t,0, 1863, when he was transferred to the Fourth Arkansas Cavalry Regiment, and mustered in as a lieutenant. He was discharged at the close of' the war. In 1864. in accordance with a proclamation of President Lincoln, made to fill vacancies in the House of Representatives of the state of Arkansas, he was elected a representative and served until its adjourn- ment in 1865. In 1863 his family had removed to Greene County, Mis- souri, and here he joined them in 1865, soon after locating on his present farm. In 1872 he was elected a judge of the county court of St. Clair, and subsequently served as collector of Collins Township for about three years. In 1855 he was married to Sarah P. Hayter, daughter of Thomas B. Hayter, of Carroll County, Arkansas. They have had ten children: Francis J., Elizabeth C, Mary C, William T. (died in 1869), BIOGRAPHICAL. II77 John B., Martha A., Sarah M., Paulina E. (died in 1870), James M. and Anna M. Mr. Plumblee is now actively engaged in farming and stock- raising and owns a fine farm of 210 acres in section 29. JOHN R. SINK is a native of Wilmington, Delaware, and was born in 1826. John Sink, his father, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1800, was married on the 14th day of July, 1822, to Miss Sallie A. Peterson, of Wilmington, and by this union there were three children, of whom John R. was the youngest. He accompanied his father to Kentucky while young, and lived there until seventeen years of age, when he emigrated to Green County, Illinois, living there until 1880. Then he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and has here gained for himself an enviable reputation as a progressive agriculturist and citizen. In 1848 he married Miss Mary M. Story, a daughter of Vincent Si:ory, Esq., and a resident of Morgan County, Illinois. They have had a family of twelve children: John Vin- cent, George W., James J., Lydia A., Sallie J., Mary J., Nancy H., Charles M., Martha E., Harry A., Ida E. and Eugene. Two of these are deceased. Mr. S. first came to this county during the fall of 1873, purchasing the land which he now occupies, consisting of 288 acres. Politically he is a Democrat. He is master of the Grange at Mitchell, Greene County, Illinois. WILLIAM H. TILLERY owes his nativity to Knox County, Tennessee, having been born there September 20, 1840. His parents, Sampson and Catharine (Yoast) Til- lery, both of Knox County, were married December 23, 1840. The for- mer was born January 17, 1791. William H. was the twelfth of a family of thirteen children. In August, 1859, he was united in marriage with Miss Martha E. Parker, of Knox County, Tennessee. In October fol- lowing, leaving his native county, he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and settled on the farm now owned by J. P. Butcher in this township. In i860 their eldest child, Mary L., was born, and since then they have had nine children: Sampson M., Emily T., Catharine E., C. L., William M., James J., John A., Frederick M. and Lulu G. The family has never experienced a day of sickness, and with one exception, when the arm of Emily was broken, never has a physician been in the house for the pur- pose of administering medical relief. Mr. T. was formerly a very exten- sive dealer in mules, and was the acknowledged leader of this industry in this vicinity. In 1880, on account of failing health, he discontinued the business, and now devotes his attention to the cultivation of his farm, one of the finest in the township, situated on Coon Creek, and J 1/8 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. vunder <^ood improvemeiit.s. PoliticalU', he is a staunch Republican. He is a Master Mason and a prominent member of the Grange in this town- ship. Mr. Tillery once had a narrow escape from death, tlie circum- stances of which were as follows: " Having been deputized, in August, 1880, to serve a warrant of arrest on a horse thief who had previously •stolen a horse in that district, he started after the criminal, overtook and arrested him, and while returning to Osceola, his attention being •directed to other parties coming down the toad, the thief with great rapidity drew his revolver and fired at Mr. T., the ball entering his neck just back of the jugular vein on the right side, and passing behind the throttle, came out on the left side; it then entered the shoul- der, and glancing back from the blade, fell into his vest pocket." JOHN S. WINGFIELD. •was born in March, 18 16, in Virginia, his parents being Christopher and Nancy (Stockton) Wingfield, also Virginians b\' birth, who were married in 1814. The former was born in 1788. and the latter in 1793. John S. the eldest of ten children, was brought up in the county of his birth, and lived at home principally until his marriage, in 1847, to Miss Har- riet M. Bondurant. They have had ten children: Mary F", Christopher T., Millard P., Nancy J., Sarah E., Susan L., Charles P., Harriet M.. and James M., and of this number three have died. In 1859 Mr. W. came to St. Clair County, locating in Collins Township, where he has since lived, gaining for himself an enviable reputation. The Republican party, recognizing his ability, nominated him for the position of county judge, but the Democratic party being in the majority, he failed to be elected. Mr. Wingfield's farm, one of the best to be found in the east- •ern part of the county, consists of 210 acres on the Weaubleau Creek. FRANCIS YOAST. farmer and stock dealer, section 16, is the son of John Yoast, who was born in Germany in 1794, emigrating to the United States in 1808 with his father — a cooper by trade, he having come to this country to follow that occupation. He first located in Virginia, and after living there one 3'ear went to Ohio, and in 18 10 emigrated to Knoxville, Tennessee. In 1812 John Yoast was married to Miss Elizabeth Ware, of Blount County, Tennessee. From this marriage there was born on the 23d day of Decem- ber, 1814, a son, Francis. The senior Yoast, together with his family, came to Missouri in 1836, locating in Collins Township, of this county, and our subject has done much toward its improvement since his resi- dence here. At that time this county was known as Rives, and he has often visited Osceola when it contained but one store. In 1838 one of BIOGRAPHICAL. - II79 the first, if not the first marriage ceremonies, was solemnized in Collins Township. During the late war Mr. Yoast was actively engaged in the cause of the union. He is a member of the Methodist Church and polit- ically a Greenbacker, though formerly a Republican. He owns 265 acres of land. BUTLER TOWNSHIP. WILLIAM BARNETT, farmer and stock raiser, section 26, was born in Lafayette County, Mis- souri, May 15, 1828, his parents being Hugh and Mary (Cummins) Bar- rett, natives of North Carolina. In 1839 they came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and settled on section 23, in Butler Township. William here grew to manhood, receiving the advantages of a common school educa- tion. In 1850 he went to California where he followed mining two years, then returning to St. Clair County. He owns 240 acres of good land, well improved. In January, 1862. he enlisted in Company E, Fourth Missouri Infantry, was first lieutenant and participated in a num- ber of important battles, among which were Pea Ridge, Port Hudson, and Corinth. At the latter battle he was wounded in the shoulder. In 1872 he was elected one of the judges of the county court and held the office until 1877. February 10, 1853, Mr. Barnett married Miss Eliza- beth Ledbetter, a native of Tennessee. They have a family of ten children: Lucy, Ira J., William L., James, Mattie, Cora, Agnes, Bettie, Johnnie and Richard. They have lost one son, Hugh. W. G. BROWNING. druggist at Lowry City, was born in St. Clair County, Missouri, April 3, 185 I, and is a son of C. G. and Susan (Barnett) Browning, the former a native of Tennessee and the latter of Missouri. They were among the early pioneers of this county. W. G. has been reared and educated in the county of his birth, making farming his occupation till 1876, when he began in the drug business at Appleton City. There he continued that business till 1878, when he located in Lowry City. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. February 22, 1876, Mr. Browning married Sarah E. McCrary, a native of Indiana. She died July 28, 1880. He was again married November 12, 1882, to Miss Flora King, of Illinois. IlSo HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. P. H. clp:ar is the son of Philip Clear, who was a native of Pennsylvania, his father, Jacob Clear, also having been born in that state. Parmelia Clapp was the maiden name of the mother of P. H. The subject of this sketch was born in Randolph County, Indiana, July 25, 1841. He grew to manhood in his native county and there received the advantages of the public schools. August 9, 1862, he enlisted in the Sixty ninth Indiana Volun- teers and at the battle of Port Gibson he received a wound which caused the amputation of one of his lower limbs. He was discharged July 5. 1865. Returning to Indiana he followed farming in the summer and teaching during the winter months. In 1869 he moved to Ohio, but in 1872 retraced his steps to Indiana where he taught school until 1876. At that time he came to St. Clair County and was occupied in teaching until 1882 when he became manager of the Lowry City Association. They carry a general stock of goods and are doing a good business. Mr. C. owns one of the best improved farms in this township. He is a member of the Christian Church and also belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity. January 19, 1867, Mr. Clear married Miss Sarah A. Fisher, a native of Indiana. They have seven children: Arthur B., George W., Luther E., Oscar, Henry D., Grace and Blanch. B. VV. COCK, farmer and stock raiser, section 23, is a son of Robert P. Cock, who was born in Virginia September 26, 18 14. His father was Benjamin Cock. November 16, 1833, Robert was married to Miss Mary Pulliam, a Vir- ginian. B. W. was born in Hanover County, Virginia, January 16, 1837. When only two years old his parents moved to St. Clair County, Mis- souri, where he grew up on his father's farm, receiving a common school education. He has followed farming through life, and now owns a landed estate of 520 acres. June i, 1861, he enlisted in the Confederate army and was captain of Company B, Sixteenth Missouri Infantry, afterwards being promoted to major. He was in many important battles. May i, 1861, Mr. Cock married Miss Mary Barnett, of St. Clair County, Mis- souri. They have a family of five children: Mattie, Ida, Stella, Delia and Blanche. They have lost three: Lemuel, Robert and Hugh. NEWTON DOWERS, section 17, was born in Riple)- Count}-, Indiana, December 29, 1843, ^^'s parents being Alexander and Kisiah (Lacock) Dowers, natives of Indiana. Newton was reared in his native county, and was there edu- cated in the common schools. About the year 1861 he went to Edgar County, Illinois, where he was employed in farming until 1878. Then he BIOGRAPHICAL. II81 came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He owns a farm of eighty acres. Mr. D. is a member of the M. E. Church, and also belongs to the I. O. O. F. order. December 22, 1864, he married Miss Caroline Gilkey, a native of Illinois. She died February 13. 1878, leaving five children: Allen A., John O., Erie A., Emma and Ira B. August 21, 1879, he was again married to Mrs. Katie Penrodd, of Texas. They have three chil- dren: George W., Nellie and Charles W. D. N. EDWARDS, section 3, was born in Casey County, Kentucky, March 10, 1837, being the son of William and Maria (Bledsoe) Edwards. When D. N. was about six years old his father moved to Johnson County Missouri, where the family remained four years. After this they went to Benton County, where our subject was reared and educated. In 1854 he settled in Henry County, and was engaged in farming until i860, when he came to St. Clair County. His farm contains 400 acres of as good land as there is in the township. In 1861 he enlisted in Company C, Missouri State Militia, and served until the close of the war. Mr. E. is a member of the Christian Church. December 3, 1859, he married Miss Mary Roth- gib, a native of Ohio. They have six children: Carrie E., William B., Lewis, Laura E., Elsa and Cora. S. M. EVANS, farmer and stock raiser, section 3, was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, December 11, 1834. His father, James Evans, a native of Pennsylvania, married Miss Hulda Morris, who was born in New Jersey. When S. M. was two years old his parents moved to Hancock County, Illinois, where he was brought up and educated. He followed farming there until 1857, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. His present farm contains 1 10 acres. In 1874 Mr. E. was elected justice of the peace. He is a member of the Christian Church, October 21, 1859, he married Miss Margaret Hilliges, a native of Ohio. They have six children: Sarah P., David W., Joseph H., Michael H., Christina and Ella May. JAMES D. FLETCHER, farmer, section 28, is the son of Oliver Fletcher, a native of Kentucky, who was there married to Miss Jane Harvey, of the same state. They came to Cole County, Missouri, in 1843, where James D. was born December 28, 1849. I" 1854 the family came to St. Clair County, Mis- souri, and here our subject was reared and attended school. He has since followed farming in this county except from 1869 to 1874, which time he IlS2 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Spent in Texas, the Indian Nation and Arkansas. He owns a farm of l6o acres. August 3, 1S79, Mr. Fletcher married Miss S. Lyons, a native of Indiana. They have one chihl, Walter S. S. M. GRACY, farmer, section 17, was born in Ross County, Ohio, October 17, 1844. His parents were Samuel and Rachel (Snively) Gracy, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Pennsylvania. When S. M was five years old they moved to Wells County, Indiana, where he grew to man- hood and received his education. Mr. G. was employed in farming and school teaching in Indiana until 1872, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. Here he has since followed teaching and farming. His farm now contains 100 acres. In 1875 he was elected a justice of the peace, and has since held that position. He is a member of the Masonic fra- ternity and of the Grange. March 30, 1871, he was married to Miss Mary Scoffter, of Indiana. They have four children: Jennie, Louisa, Ettie and Charles. They have lost two: Alfred and Harriet. T. A. HAWKINS. The subject of this sketch was born in Crawford County, Missouri, June 9, 1842. His parents were P. E. and Joannah (Music) Hawkins, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Missouri. T. A. grew up in Maries County, Missouri, and was there educated in the common schools. He was engaged in farming and milling in that locality until 1876, when he came to St. Clair County. His farm is situated in section 17 of Chalk Level Township and contains 120 acres. Mr. H. is consta- ble of Butler Township. He is a member of the Baptist Church. March 20, 1863, he married Miss Emma Blockham, a native of Missouri. They have seven children: Eliza C, William T., James M., Joseph M., Mattie J., Emily and Charles L. WILLIAM H. HILLEGAS, section 9, was born May 22, 1844, in Montgomery County, Ohio. His father, Joseph Hillegas, a native of Pennsylvania, was born in 1805, and subsequently accompanied his parents to Ohio, where, in 1830 he mar- ried Miss Hannah Reed, who was also born in Pennsylvania in 1810. Upon leaving Ohio, he removed to Indiana, thence to Illinois, and later, in the fall of 1857, to Henry County, Missouri. He still resides there, having served two terms as county judge. Through the failure of the railroad company he became a heavy loser. October 24, 1868, William H. Hillegas (one of a family of eight children) married Miss Huldah A. daughter of J. W. and Mary Pattison, of Jasper County, Missouri. BIOGRAPHICAL. 1 1 85 They have five children: Charles E., born July 9, 1869; Effie M,, borrj August 3, 1874; Gertrude, born October 20, 1877; Joseph William, born August 22, 1880; and Michael E., born December 8, 1883. Mr. H. became a resident of Henry County in 1857, and March 7, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, Seventh Missouri State Militia, Cavalry, as a private. He thus served two years, was then made corporal and served until mustered out, March 7, 1865. In 1868 he purchased 160 acres of his present farm and in the fall of 1882 120 acres adjoining, and here he noiv has a well improved place. He raises cattle to some extent. Mr. and Mrs. H. are members of the M. E. Church at Lowry City. Politi- cally he is a Republican. F. J. HUBBARD, farmer, section 8, was born in Arkansas August 31, 1846, his parents being Henry and Mariette E. (Henry) Hubbard, the former a native of New York and the latter of Louisiana. F. J. was the eldest of a family of six children. When he was about one year old his parents moved to Illinois where they remained a short time, then coming to Missouri and locating in Benton County. There he was reared and educated. In 1865 he came to Henry County and was engaged in farming until 1871, at that period moving to Clinton where he remained one year. After that he settled in St. Clair County, Missouri, where he has been engaged in farming. He owns a farm of 120 acres. Mr. H. is a member of the M. E, Church. In October, 1871, he was married to Miss Eliza Briden- stine, a native of Ohio. C. F. HUEBNER, manufacturer and dealer in boots, shoes and harness, was born in Perry- County, Ohio, August 16, 1847, '^"d is a son of Charles and Mary (Gre- mer) Huebner, natives of Germany. He grew to manhood in Somerset,. Ohio, where he was educated. His father being a shoe maker by trade, the son also worked with him till grown. In 1869 he went to Clinton,. Henry County, Missouri, where he was employed by Captain Fike as clerk till 1872, when he came to St. Clair County. Then he began farm- ing and continued it till 1880, when he embarked in business at Lowry- City. He also owns a farm of eighty acres. Mr. Huebner is a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. June 6, 1871, he was married to Miss Jennie S. Christman, a native of Pennsylvania. They have a family of five children: Minnie, Rosa, Docia, Carrie and an infant. JAMES R. KELLY, farmer and stock raiser, section 16, was born in Cooper County, Missouri, and was the son of William J. Kelly, one of the first settlers of that I 184 ' HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. county. The maiden name of his mother was Martha Mocklin. When James was six years old his parents moved to Cole County, where they resided for about eight years, afterwards locating in Benton County, where James was reared to manhood. In 1857 he went to California and followed teaming until 1861, when he returned to Benton County and farmed until 1865. Then he moved to Kentucky and was engaged in farming until 1868, when he settled in St. Clair County, Missouri. He owns a farm of 100 acres, well improved. Mr. K. was in the Mis- souri State militia during the late war. September 3, 1865, he was mar- ried to Mrs. J. D. Townsland, a native of Missouri. They have six chil- dren: Matilda B., William J., Maud, Caroline, Maggie E. and Ore L. J. A. MANNERING, farmer and stock raiser, section 5. was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, March 12, 1839, ^"d was the son of John and Julia A. (Garwood) Man- nering, the former a native of Delaware and the latter of Ohio. When J. A. was about eight years old, his parents moved to South Bend, where they remained one year, going thence to Hancock County, Illinois. There our subject grew to manhood and received his education. He fol- lowed farming and stock raising in Iowa from 1856 to 1 866, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He now owns a farm of 200 acres, making one of the best improved farms in the township. Mr. M. has held the office of township assessor. He is a member of the Christian Church. February ii, 1864, he married Miss Sussa P. Evans, a native of Illinois. They have seven children: Zella O., J. Frank, William H., Maggie, Christina. Samuel E., and James A. JAMES A. MEE, physician and surgeon, was born in Erie Count}', Pennsylvania, Septem- ber 17, 1858. His father, Joseph Mee, was a native of Pennsj-lvania and a son of William Mee, who came originally from England. The mother of James M., whose maiden name was Amanda Anderson, was also born in Pennsylvania. When our subject was twelve years of age his parents moved to Osage County, Missouri, where he was reared and educated. At the age of nineteen he began the study of medicine with Dr. N. B. Jones, of Maries County, Missouri, and June 28, 1881, he was graduated from the Kentucky School of Medicine at Louisville. Then he located at Lowry City, where he has met with excellent success. He is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. March 26, 1882, Dr. Mee was married to Miss Ella Stovern, a native of Missouri. BIOGRAPHICAL. II85 FRANK M. MILLER, farmer and stock raiser, section 6, was born in Benton County, Missouri, November 8, 1838. His father, William Miller, was a Kentuckian by birth, and a son of Henry Miller, a native of North Carolina. The maiden name of his mother was Levina Williams, of Georgia. The sub- ject of this sketch was reared in Benton County and there received a common school education. He followed school teaching in that county for about five years and then engaged in merchandising at Warsaw for five years. In 1873 he came to St. Clair County and now owns a farm containing 165 acres, all well improved. In 1862 he enlisted in the Enrolled Missouri Militia, and was discharged in 1864. Mr. M. held the office of deputy United States Assessoj, for the counties of Hickory, Benton and Camden for some time. He was also postmaster at War- saw under Lincoln. He is a member of the Christian Church. Novem- ber 8, i860, Mr. Miller was married to Miss C. Gilley, a native of Ten- nessee. They have nine children: Alice C, Ida M., Walter S., Francis M., Willis H., Nellie C, Clarence A. and Clara M. (twins) and Alma M. DAVID SNYDER, farmer, section 16, came originally from Darke County, Ohio, where he was born in 1845. His parents, Pearson and Susan (Hidley) Snyder, moved to St. Clair County, Missouri, in 1857, where David was reared and educated. He now owns a fine farm, which contains 165 acres, and it is a good stock farm. He was married in 1867 to Miss Milliard W^oolry, a jiative of Missouri. They have three children living: Pearson, Charley and John. JAMES P. SNYDER, farmer and stock raiser, section 17, is a native of Ohio and was born in Darke County, May 28, 1847, being the son of Pearson and Susan Snyder, nee Hidley, natives of New Jersey and Ohio respectively. James P. was the third of a family of six children. When ten years old his parents came to St Clair County, Missouri, where he was brought up, attending for a time the common schools. He owns a farm of 300 acres, most of which is under fence and well improved. May 9, 1867, Mr. S. married Miss Frances Bunch, of this county. They have two children, Birdie A. and Arvel. H. H. SNYDER, farmer, section 28, was born in Darke County, Ohio, November 6, 1842* His father, Pearson Snyder, a native of New Jeysey, died in this county March 13, 1862. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Susan Hidley, originally from Ohio. She died in November, 1850. H. 75 Il86 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. H. came to St. Clair County with his parents in 1857. He received his education in the schools of Ohio and Missouri. He has followed farm- ing in this county since his arrival at manhood. In March, 18G3, he enlisted in Company B, Eleventh Missouri Cavalry, and was discharged August II, 1865. Mr. S. held the office of township constable six years. September 6, 1866, he married Miss Hannah J. McKinsley. a native of Kentucky. They have four children: Ida B., James W., Effie M., Eliz- abeth T. They lost one son, David E. JAMES W. TITUS, farmer and stock raiser, section 18, was born in Loudoun County, Vir- ginia, February 22, 1839, his parents, Jeremiah and Susan (Goodheart) Titus having been Virginians by birth, James W. was the oldest of a family of six children. When sixteen years old he was taken by his father to Muskingum County, Ohio, where he grew to manhood. He farmed in Ohio until i860, when he moved to Coles County, Illinois, con- tinuing his former occupation until 1868, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He owns a farm of 183 acres, well improved. Mr. T. has worked at the carpentering business for the last twenty years. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company H, Seventy-ninth Illinois Volunteers, and was discharged December 15, 1863. He is a member of the M. E. Church, and belongs to both the Masonic fraternity and the Grange. February 23, i860, he married Miss Caroline Roberts, of Ohio. They have seven children: S. A., Martha S., Lydia, Thomas J., James F. John H. and Ira N. They lost two children. JOHN H. TRISSEL, postmaster at Lowry City, was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, Feb- ruary 28, 1846, being the son of Joseph and Rachael (Garwood) Trissel. His youth was spent in Ohio and he was educated in the common schools, following engineering in that state until 1889, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. Here he manufactured brick for one year, after which he gave his attention to farming and carpentering until 1873. Returning to Ohio he was employed as engineer until 1878, when he again came to St. Clair County. August i, 1881, he was appointed postmaster, which position he now fills. In June, 1862, he enlisted in Company K, First Ohio Heavy Artillery and was discharged July 25, 1865. He is a member of the M. E. Church and belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity. August 25, 1868, Mr. Trissel married Miss Elizabeth J. Houk, a daughter of George W. and Caroline (Simmon) Hauk, the for- mer a native of Ohio and the latter of Maryland. Mr. and Mrs. T. have a family of six children. Harvey L., Lucy A., Garlie, Callie, George and Bessie. BIOGRAPHICAL. I187 JOHN WALKER, farmer, section 21, was born in Miami County, Ohio, May 12, 1834. His father, Alexander Walker, a native of West Virginia, was a son of James Walker, a Virginian by birth and a soldier in the war of 18 12. The maiden name of John's mother was Catherine Sheppard, originally from Maryland. John was reared in Ohio and was educated in the common schools. In 1856 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, where he has since followed farming, now owning eighty acres of good land, well watered, etc. Mr. W. has held a number of township offices, among which are those of trustee and constable. September 18, 1856, he was married to Miss Mary Riegel, a native of Ohio. They have nine chil- dren: Sarah A., Jacob A., Nehemian, Lydia, John L., James M., Oliver S., Rudolph and Nellie1V[. DAVID WALKER, farmer, section 17, a native of Darke County, Ohio, was born January 7, 1842, being the son of Alexander and Catherine (Sheppard) Walker, natives of Virginia. David was the fourth child of a family of ten child- ren. In 1856 his parents moved to St. Clair County, Missouri, where he arrived at manhood, engaging in farming and stock raising. His farm is well improved and coiitains 120 acres. His fine residence was built in 188 1. Mr. W. was in the Missouri State Militia during the late war. February 23, 1864, he married Miss Frances Kellerinan, who was born in Indiana May 9, 1842. They have seven children: William, Anna B., James P., Mary E., Charles, Minnie A. and Cora. T. E. WILKINSON, farmer, section 11, was born in Warren County, Tennessee, February 28. 1836. His parents, Charles and Malissa (Cantrell) Wilkinson, were natives of South Carolina, and his great grandfather was a general in the Revolutionary war. When T. E. was about two years old the family moved to Missouri and located in Crawford County where they resided until he was sixteen years old, then going to Gasconade County. There he grew to manhood, receiving his education in the common schools. He followed farming in that county until 1870, when he came to St. Clair County. His present farm contains 170 acres of land. Mr. W. is a member of the Baptist Church and also belongs to the Masonic fraternity. November 25, i860, he was married to Miss Sarah Walton, a native of Missouri. They have five children: Elizabeth M., George W., Mary M., Eliza B. and John T. They have lost two children. #l88 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. ALONZO C. WINTERS, plasterer at Lowry City, was born in Pike County, Illinois, March 20, 1858, and was the son of Benjamin H. and Emeline (Cobbj Winters, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of New York. Alonzo was reared in his native state and was there educated. His father was a plasterer by trade and the son worked with him in Illinois until 1877, when he eame to St. Clair County, Missouri, He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. March 13, 1881. Mr. Winters was married to Miss LulaGracy, a native of Indiana. They have one child, Irving B. Mr. and Mrs. Win- ters belong to the M. E. Church. GEORGE W. WRIGHT, merchant at Lowry City, is a native of Washington Count}-, Kentucky, and was born July 4, 1844, being the son of Morgan Wright, a Ken- tuckian by birth, whose father, William P. Wright, was one of the pio- neers of Kentucky, and a revolutionary soldier. The mother of George W., formerly Elizabeth Hickerson, was also born in Kentucky. The subject of this sketch was the sixth of a family of nine children. He grew to manhood on his father's farm, and was educated in the common schools. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Morgan's company, and was rn the service until 1863. After this he returned to Kentucky and fol- Towed farming until 1865, when he began the study of medicine with Dr. J. W. Wright. He read with him one year, and then attended one course of lectures at Miami Medical College at Cincinnati. Returning to Kentucky he remained until 1870, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. In 187 1 he built the first business house in Lowry City, and engaged in trade. He carries a full stock of drugs, groceries, etc., and is doing a good business. He is also proprietor of the Wright House, an excellent hotel. Mr. W. was township clerk six years. He is a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. November 21, 1872, he married Miss Jennie G. Shinn. of this county. They have three children, Lillia, Min- •oie M. and Franklin P. JAMES POLK WRIGHT, M. D., was born in Washington County, Kentucky, December 23, 1844. His parents were Nathaniel and Matilda (Moore) Wright, natives of Vir- ginia. James Polk grew to manhood in his native county and there received the advantages of the common schools. He was engaged in farming till 1866, when he embarked in merchandising in High Grove, Kentucky, and at the same time was occupied in reading medicine with his brother, Dr. J. W. Wright. After this he was graduated from the BIOGRAPHICAL. II89 medical department of the University of Louisville, Kentucky. In iS/i he located at Lowry City, where he has since been interested in the practice of his profession, and he is recognized as being one of the lead- ing citizens of that vicinity. He is also the senior member of the firm of J. P. Wright & Co., merchants of Lowry City. He belongs to the Bap- tist Church, and also to the Masonic fraternity. December 14, 1879, Dr. W. was married to Miss Emma Hubner, a native of Ohio. They have one child: Walter E. DOYAL TOWNSHIP. DR. PLEASANT M. COX. No man in St. Clair County is better or more familiarly known than Dr. P. M. Cox, and no name is more of a household word than his, he being the first physician in the county. He was born in Daviess County, Kentucky, November 12, 1809, and was the son of Meredith Cox, a Virginian by birth, whose father, Samuel Cox, came originally from Ireland. Meredith Cox married Miss Margaret McFarland, who was also born in Virginia. Pleasant, the fourth of five sons, accompa- nied his father to Missouri when nine years old, the senior Cox settling in Lincoln County, where he died, in 1835. In the fall of 1836 our sub- ject moved to Osceola, this county, with his mother, who died in the following year. Pleasant M. was deprived in early life of such educa- tional advantages as he desired but still devoted his entire energies to the study of medicine. He read under the instruction of Dr. Eastern, of Pike County, and also with Dr. Nash, and after a thorough prepara- tion, attended lectures at the Transylvania University, at Lexington, Kentucky, in 1830-31. He subsequently practiced his profession in Lincoln County, Missouri, until 1836, when he came to this county, prac- ticing for some twenty years. In 1839 Dr. L. Lewis settled in Osceola and formed a partnership with Dr. Cox, which relation existed for sev- eral years. The latter entered portions of section 17, 20, 21 and 22 in this township, became a large land owner and a prominent citizen in southwest Missouri. Building a residence and store he was in company with Z. Lilley and others occupied in trade, and at the outbreak of the war was one of the wealthiest men in the county. In 1858 he was IigO IIISTOUV OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. elected a member of the state legislature. During the war he was in Texas, and in 1865 went to Fayette, Arkansas, where he opened a drug store, sending the children of his daughter, Mrs. Dr. Harris, to school. In 1875 he returned to Osceola, but at jjresent resides on his farm known as the Dr. Harris' place, which is managed by his son, Pleasant M., who is a large stock raiser and dealer. The Doctor was married in October, 1833, to Miss Elizabeth M. McClannahan, daughter of Elijah McClanna- han, of Virginia. They have two children living: Margaret A., widow of Dr. E. E. Harris, and Pleasant Madison. Edwin Eugene Harris, M. D., was born in Albermarle County, Virginia, March 30, 1828, his par- ents being Major Samuel W. and Sarah Miller (Ward) Harris, of Vir- ginia. He attended school for ten years and in 1840 came to Osceola, Missouri, and subsequently studied medicine with Dr. L. Lewis. He attended medical lectures at Louisville and graduated with honor in 1850. October 6, 1853, he married Miss Margaret Cox, daughter of Dr. P. M. Cox, and to them were born three daughters: Bettie Virginia, Sarah Eugenia and Agnes M. During the war Dr. Harris entered the military service of the Confederate army as surgeon in General Clark's Cavalry Division in the Trans-Mississippi department and was one of the most faithful and capable of surgeons. He died in Arkansas before the war closed. JOHN DAWSON, owes his nativity to Patrick County, Virginia, where he was born March 30, 1822. His father, P.lijah Dawson, originally from Maryland, married Miss Henrietta Coble, of North Carolina, and a niece of the Hon. Howell Coble, of Georgia. They came to Missouri in 1832, and settled in Craw- ford County. They reared a family of seven children, of whom John was the third in number. His education was obtained at home and he taught school and also clerked in a store for several years, coming to this county in 1848. He afterwards taught at Pierce City for eight months. Mr. D. early made claims of land lying on Weaubleau Creek, and after improving it sold the property and bought elsewhere, and in this he was very successful. Finally selling out he came to Roscoe and engaged in clerking. In 1861 he enlisted in the six months' service under Captain J. J. Tulley's Twenty-seventh Missouri Mounted Infantry, and on December 18, 1861, he entered Company A, Eighth Regiment, Missouri State Militia Cavalry, Captain David Stockton, commanding. On May 7, 1863, he was honorabl)' discharged to accept the appointment of county clerk for St. Clair County, and this position he held for one \'ear, then resigning. In November, 1864. he was appointed county treasurer, and served as such by appointment and re-election for six years. During his official term he was also occupied in selling goods, haviuiT the office ot treasurer in his store. Purchasing a farm he still BIOGRAPHICAL. 119! continued business in the city, but in 1876 moved upon this place, which is in section 3, containing 350 acres of excellent land. Mr. Dawson was married December 22, 1848, to Miss Edna Cole, of this county, who died October 11, 1866, leaving one child, Henrietta Ruth, now the wife of W. O. Mead. His second wife was Miss Narcissus E. Devin, to whom he was married February 24, 1867. Her father was Judge W. R. Devin, of Polk County, Virginia, and also of Tennessee. There is one child liv- ing by this marriage, Vista Lucetta, born January 4, 1872. One son, Thomas W. died August 26, 1871. This wife died August 30, 1874. Mr, D. was married the third time May 17, 1875, to Mary Ann Josephine George, of Polk County. Politically he is a Republican. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. In all positions of life, Mr. Dawson has proven himself a competent and honest man, both in and out of official positions. WILLIAM DUDLEY, a native of Lancaster County, Virginia, was born February 2, 1811, being the son of Landron and Mary Dudley, nee Rivier, also Virginians by birth, and the former served in the war of 18 12, and was killed in service. They had six children, three of whom are living, two sons and one daughter. Mrs. D. died in 1813 in Virginia. Leaving the state of his birth at the age of eighteen years, William Dudley moved to Lin- coln County, Missouri, purchased eighty acres of land and remained upon it for one year. In 1833 he married Miss Almeda Jemmerson, of Lincoln County, who died there, leaving one son, David L. He died during the late war. His second marriage occurred to Miss Nancy Stevens, also of Lincoln County. To them were born three sons and two daughters of whom only Almeda (wife of William J. Horn of this township) and Mary A. (wife of Samuel J. Hurst, of Cedar County) are living. In 1848, Mr. Dudley came to St. Clair County and has since lived in Doyal Township. He first purchased a half section of land and in 1861 owned 1,000 acres, but after dividing much among his children only has now 440 acres. He deals quite extensively in cattle and other stock and his farm is among the best in the township. Mr. D. was one of the constituent members of the Christian Church at Pleasant Hill, this county, and has been connected with the Christian Church for half a century. His wife and three daughters belong to the same church. In his political views he is a Greenbacker. J. J. ELGAN, farmer, section 15, was born in Greene County, Indiana, September 10, 1855, and is the son of James M. and Leah (Guthrie) Elgan. The sub- ject of this sketch came to this county in 1876 and now owns a farm of I 192 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. 300 acres. He married Miss Rebecca J. Doyal in 1878. They have a family of three children. Mrs. Elgan's father was H. L. M. Doyal, a native of Illinois, who moved to this county in 1866, and he became one of the large farmers of St. Clair County. In 1882 he moved to Texas, where he now resides. He married a Miss L. Copeland, of Tennessee. To them were born seven children. JAMES ELLIOTT, who for a period of twenty-five years has been a resident of St. Clair County, owes his nativity to Ireland, from which country he emigrated at an early day and settled in Carroll County, Ohio. In 1855 he removed to Linn County, Iowa, and lived there until 1858, when he came to this county. During the late war he served three years in the state militia. He owns nearly 1,500 acres of land and is one of the large tax payers of the county. His homestead on section 22 is noted as being the place where the first county court was held, it then being in the possession of Ebenezer Gash. Mr. Elliott holds the office of justice of the peace. He was married in 1855 to Miss Mary Scott, of Linn County, Iowa. By this union there are eleven children living: Jane, John, Josey, James, Abra- ham L., Sarah, Richard, Scott, Millie, Celia and Rebecca. Three are deceased. JAMES D. GARDNER, one cf the substantial and prosperous farmers of Doyal Township, was born in Campbell County, Tennessee, April 15, 1820. His father, John Gardner, was a native of Scotland, but was reared within four miles of London, England. His mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Finch. The subject of this sketch accompanied his father to Virginia, where he lived until 1841, and in the spring of 1842 came to Missouri. After a residence here of five years, he returned to Virginia, where he lived one year and then once more came to this county, which has since been his home. November 13, 1865, he came to where he now lives. He mar- ried Miss Charlotte T. Allen February 24, 1853. She was born in Henry County, Virginia, but came with her parents to this county in 1838. Their family consists of two children: Harriet J., (now Mrs. T. Wheeden) and W. F. They have lost two: Martha E. and Mary E. Mr. Gardner is known as a man of excellent judgment, cautious in all business trans- actions, upright and honorable in all his dealings, and merits the esteem in which he is held by the community. EDWARD A. HARE was born in Hampshire County, West Virginia, February 28, 1845, and was the son of Matthew and Martha (Ruckman) Hare, of the same BIOGRAPHICAL. IIQJ county, the former born March 9, 1800, and the latter October 28, 1809, They were married February 24, 1842, and of the original family of six sons and one daughter three sons and the daughter only survive. In 187 1 Mr. Hare, Sr., leaving his native state, emigrated to St. Clair County, Missouri, settling in this township. He and his sons, E. A. and Paran, purchased 287 acres and located upon it the same year. This land was divided in 1876, Edward retaining 165 acres on section 25, ta which in 1880 he added twenty-nine acres. To his share of 122 acres Paran has added sixteen acres. These constitute excellent farms and are well improved. In November, 1880, Matthew Hare died, after a short illness, in his eighty-first year. His widow still resides with her son, Edward. Mr. H. was a church member for over half a century, and Mrs. Hare and her two sons are also connected with the Christian' Church. Paran Hare belongs to the A. F. & A. M. fraternity. GEORGE W. HARPER was born in Crawford County, Ohio, March 9, 1836, his father being Samuel J. Harper, born in 1805 in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. He lived there until 1820, and then removed to Crawford County, Ohio, going thence to Lee County, Iowa, in 1840. After living there until 1875 he came with his son George W. to Doyal Township, St. Clair County, Missouri, where he now resides. In 1872 the subject of this sketch was married to Miss Arlena Morgan, of Polk County, Missouri, and by this union there were born three children, Edgar, Olive E. and Elmer M., making a most interesting and attractive family. In 1857" Mr. Harper went to California and remained there, occupied in minings for some time, during which' period he was quite successful, and he is now recognized as being one of the solid financial men of this county. He owns 150 acres of land on Coon Creek, and his beautiful residence is situated on section 36, of this township. He has never taken an active part in politics, preferring the quiet of home life to the turmoil of strife attendant upon a life of publicity. W. J. HORN, farmer and stock raiser, sec<"ion 25, was born in Wilson County, Tennes- see, February 29, 1840. His father, Dr. S. W. Horn, was a native of Virginia and a practicing physician. He came to Cedar County at an early period of the county's history and had a large and successful prac- tice in Cedar and adjoining counties, and though now well advanced in years, is still able to respond to the calls of many of his old friends. His wife was formerly Margaret Tyree, also of Virginia. W. J. received a good practical English education. His early life was spent on a farm,. I 194 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COJNTV. and he has principally followed this calling, excepting for four years, while railroading. His farm consists of i6o acres of choice land, well improved. In educational matters he has taken an active interest, and has repeatedly served as school director. Mr. Home married Miss A. Dudley September i6, 1866. She was born in 1844 and is a daughter of William and Nancy (Stevens) Dudley, natives of Virginia. They have a family of eight children: Mary L., Cora, Maggie, Ettie F., James \V., Martha Virginia, Lemuel and Samuel \V. Mr. H. is a member of the Masonic order and the I. O. O. F. JOHN MELOY is one of the prosperous farmers of this township. He was born in Har- rison County, Virginia, December 14, 1826, and was reared there on a farm. After living for two years in Ohio, in 1855 he removed to Clark County, Illinois, and resided there until 1862 when he came to Henry County, Missouri, and after five years in the southern part of that county settled in St. Clair County. He owns 520 acres of land and his dwelling, which is built of variegated stone, taken from the quarries on his farm, is one of the most substantial in the township. He married Miss Nancy Smith in 1855. She was born in Virginia. They have three children: Mary, Sarah and Alvin. THOMAS ROBERTS was born in Rutherford County, Tennessee, in 1841, and was the son of Jesse Roberts, originally of South Carolina, born in 1778. About the year 1798 he was married, but his wife subsequently dying, he removed to Tennessee, where in 1833 (or thereabouts) he married for his second wife Miss Rachel McChristian, a Tennesseean by birth. They had seven children, of whom our subject was the fifth child. Four years after the birth of Thomas his father, leaving Rutherford County, emigrated to Kentucky, and four years later, or in 1849, came to Missouri and settled in Benton County, about ten miles above Warsaw on the Osage River. In the spring of 1854 he brought his family to St. Clair County, locating at Tyler's Bend. A few years later he died, leaving the tamih' in straightened circum.stances. His widow dying soon afterwards, the care and support of the family fell upon Thomas and his brother Joseph. They were equal to the emergency, however, and being possessed of an indomitable will and energy, succeeded admirably in their undertaking. After encountering many obstacles and privations brought about by the late civil war they now own 250 acres of as valuable rolling land as is in the county, it being located in section 13. On September 6, 1866, Thomas Roberts was married to Miss Martha I. Graham, and they BIOGRAriilCAL. I 1 95 have two sons and three daughters: William, Mary E., Lucy Belle, Marian F. and Emily Lucretia. Joseph Roberts was born February 15, 1842, in Rutherford County Tennessee, and also accompanied his father to this county. The education of these brothers has been obtained entirely through their own efforts and by the light of the fire at night, no one having taught them even the alphabet. They are both identified with the Greenback movement and are numbered among the prominent citizens of this county. WILLIAM F. THOMPSON was born January 10, 1836, in Simpson County, Kentucky, and was the son of Tillman Thompson, who was also born in Kentucky in 181 1. He lived in that state until 1840, when he came to this county, Lcating where the subject of this sketch now resides. In 1834 he married Miss Adaline Earnest, daughter of Jacob and Lucinda Earnest. They had twelve children: William F., Jacob, Monroe, Carrol, Ed\\in, Matilda, Perry, Ellen, Paulina, George, Cornelius and Lomba. William F. remained at home until 1858, and on March 24th of that year was united in marriage with Miss Leah Culbertson, of St. Clair County, and a daughter of Isaac Culbertson, mention of whom is made elsewhere in our history. To them eleven children were born: Paulina, born in 1S61; Adaline, born in 1863; Harriet, born in 1865; one unnamed, born in 1867; Julia, born in 1868; Sherman, born in 1870; Flora, born in 1872; Logan, born in 1874; Delia, born in 1876; Lulu, born in 1879; "^^d Gene- via, born in 1882. Of these only five are now living. Mr. Thompson is the owner of 150 acres of excellent land, and to some extent is engaged in the stock business. Politically he is a Republican. JOHN RYLAND TUCKER, •a native of Johnson County, Missouri, was born in 1842, being the youngest child in a family of four sons and four daughters. Early Tucker, his father, was born in Lincoln County, Kentucky. February 4, 1802, and followed farming there until 1832, when he removed to Lafay- ette (now Johnson) County, Missouri. Soon after his settlement there he built a cabin, having to send fourteen miles for men to assist in rais- ing it. About the year 1827 he was married to Lucretia Owsley, a niece of George Owsley and a native of Lincoln County, Kentucky. John R. remained upon the farm of his father, in Johnson County, until Febru- ary 9, 1862, when he was married to Jane Richardson, of that county. To them were born six children, but three only survive: Logan M., Lulu Belle and Lilly May. Mr. T. was at one time a Republican in his polit- ical views, but is now connected with the "National" party. His wife is a member of the M. E. Church, South. I 196 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. JAMES B. VAUGHAN, a native of Coffee County, Tennessee, was born in 1840, his par- ents being Obediah and Nancy Vaughan. The former was born in Cul- peper County, Virginia, in 1821, and early emigrating to Tennessee, was married there in 1839. He continued to live in that state until James was two years old, when, in 1842, he came with the family to St. Clair County, Missouri. He was a hardy pioneer, and endured many hard- ships in his new home. Being a great trapper and hunter, he found ample time here to engage in this sport. Young Vaughan spent his early life in this county, tilling the soil in summer and hunting during the winter months, and he well remembers when the hide of the deer, wolf, etc., was the currency of the day. In 1858 he married Miss Martha Lord,' daughter of James Lord, one of the oldest settlers of St. Clair County. To them were born nine children, eight of whom are living: Nancy E., Sarah, Mary, Maudy, Daisy, Emma and Eddy. Sarah F. died when two years old. Mr. V. i^ a Republican in his political preferences, and he is a member of the Baptist Church at Bear Creek. WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. .» • Bj FRANCIS M. BRANSON, farmer, was born in 1844, and was the eldest of a family of nine child- ren born to John and Julia Ann (Davenport) Branson. Francis M. was married in 1863 to Miss Nancy Hughes. They had six children: John, George W., Francis M., Martin, Anna, Julia Ann and William A. In 1877 Mr. B. was married a second time to Miss Lizzie Woody. They have one child, Sidney Margaret. He first came to St. Clair County, Missouri, in 1867, but has also been leading rather an unsettled life, hav- ing lived in Arkansas, Tennessee and Kentucky during this time. PERRY MILLSAPS was born in Wayne County, Kentucky, on the 30th of August, 1828, being the son of H. Millsaps, Esq., who was also born there in 1802. In 1824 he married Miss Rebecca Hoofacre, of the same county. Em>grat- BIOGRAPHICAL. II97 iiigto the sparsely settled territory of Missouri in 1829, the senior Mill- saps located in Lincoln County, and in 1838 his wife died. His second marriage occurred in 1840 to Miss Ellen Parsons. Perry lived with his father until 1854 when he was married to Miss Elizabeth Capps, of Lin- coln County. They had ten children: Barton, Clara A., Mary, Rebecca, David, Timothy, Washington, Katie, Walter and Josephine. Mr. and Mrs. M. are members of the Christian Church, and also belong to the Missouri State Grange. During the Mexican war of 1845-46 he served as aid-de-camp, and in the civil war he enlisted in Henderson's Brigade, September 4, 1861, serving until the close of the war, and being promo- ted from private to orderly sergeant. Politically he was formerly a Republican. JUDGE R. R. MOORE, a prominent citizen of St, Clair County, was born in Kentucky, October 15, 1825, his parents being Jonathan and L. T. (Turpin) Moore, both Kentuckians by birth. The former was born April 20, 1879, and died in May, 1855, while the latter, who was born May 18, 1783, died in 1873. They were married in 1814. R. R. Moore, the sixth child of a family of eight children, was an early settler in this county, having come in 1845, and remained here since. In 1858 he was married to Miss T. E. David- son, and they have had five children: John M., Rukins R., Mary E., Martha J. and William T. Mr. Moore served in the capacity of county judge very acceptably for five years. He is now one of the largest land owners in this county. JOHN R. PACE, a native of Pitt County, Virginia, was born in 183 1. His father, Francis Pace, originally of Goochland County, Virginia, was born in 1798, and first married Miss Lucy Davis. His second marriage occurred in 1830, to Miss Maria Griggs, also of Virginia. By this union there were eight children, John R. being the eldest. In 1854 he was married to Miss Mary Burton, and they are the parents of three children: James F., Wil- liam P. and Martha E. Mr. Pace came to this county in 1855, immedi- ately after his marriage, and now owns 320 acres of valuable land. In his political preferences he is a Democrat. ROBERT D. SHEEKS was born in Obion County, Tennessee, in 1830, and was the son of Jesse Sheeks, a Kentuckian, by birth, who after his marriage in that state, removed to Tennessee. After his death his widow married again, and in 1845 Robert D. accompanied his step-father to St. Clair County, Mis- souri He was married in 1858 to Miss Nancy Deshazo, of Collins IIQS history of ST. CI.AIR COUNTY. Township, this county, and a dau.c^hter of Robert and Elizabeth Deshazo. The\- have eight children: Rufus P., Martha J.. William R., Cornelius, Benjamin F., Mary E., Lucy and Cora. Mr. Sheeks is the owner of a good farm of 415 acres. P. B. WONACOTT, school teacher, was born in Cass County, Illinois, in 1853, and was the son of K. B. Wonacott, who was married in 1841 to Margaret Bell, of Virginia. They were the parents of eight children, of whom the sub- ject of this sketch was the eighth in number. He remained at home until at the age of twenty-three years, when he entered school at Weaubleau Institute, remaining there for two years, and then left thoroughly pre- pared for the duties of teaching. On May 9, 1848, Mr. W. married Miss Nannie J. McConnell, daughter'of Joseph McConnell. They have two children, Maggie and Lawson. He is a Greenbacker in his political faith and a member of the M. E. Church. He is at present teaching school in this township. ^t^©-^.=^T^2^=-l-^3-^^^- ROSCOE TOWNSHIP. JOSEPH E. ADDAMS, miller, vvas born in Gallia, County, Ohio, April 6, 1855, his parents, Rich- ard and Nancy (Nicenhouser) Addams, having been Virginians by birth. Joseph E., the youngest of a family of three children, remained in Ohio until sixteen years old, when he came to Polk County, Missouri, there being reared. He was engaged in farming in that county until 1877, when he was employed in a mill at Humansville. After remaining until 1881, he became occupied in the milling business at Roscoe, with Mr. Roddy. He is a member of the Christian Church. August 24, 1879, Mr. Addams vvas married to Miss Rebecca Roddy, a native of Tennes- see. They have two children: Nanty R. and an infant. THOMAS ANDERSON. M. D., a native of Morgan County, Indiana, was born August 7, 1839, ^"^ is a son of Joel P. Anderson, a V^irginian by birth, whose father, Eli Ander- son, was a son of Joshua, of Puritan blood. Thomas' mother, forn'kerly BIOGRAPHICAL. I I99 Lydia Vass, was born in North Carolina. In 1848 the family emigrated to Iowa, where he was reared, receiving his education at the Ashland Sem- inary. He followed farming till 1862, when he enlisted in Company E, Twenty-second Iowa regiment, serving till discharged, July 5. 1865. At the battle of Winchester he was taken prisoner and confined in the Libby Prison twenty days, then being exchanged. After his discharge he returned to Iowa and engaged in the practice of medicine, having in 18^8 and 1859 attended the Keokuk (Iowa) Medical College. He remained there till 1870, when he removed to Polk County, Missouri, where he resided till 1875. Going to Lawrence County, Missouri, he practiced till 1877, in v/hich year he came to Roscoe. In 1880 he was elected coroner of this county, serving one term. He is a member of the M. E. Church. Dr. Anderson was united in marriage October 13, 1859, to Miss Sarah Foster, of Iowa. They have nine children: Joel P., Anna J., John T., Mary, N. F. B., Minnie, William H. and Thomas E. Joel P. has obtained an excellent education by his own exertion. M. G. BABB, carpenter, was born in Keokuk County, Iowa, January 2, 1849, ^^^ was the son of James and Mary (Hefling) Babb, natives of Kentucky. M. G. was reared at his birthplace, and was there educated in the common schools. He was engaged in farming until 1866, when he came to Macon County, Missouri, and after following farming one year he worked at carpentering in Grundy County until 1869. Then he came to Roscoe. In November, 1882 he was elected justice of the peace. He is a member of the M. E. Church and belongs to the I. O. G, T. May 6, 1869, Mr. Babb was married to Miss M. Royce. His piesent wife's maiden name was Martha Dunkle, whom he married May 2, 1876. They have three children, Herbert, Rufus E. and Charles. RALPH C. BOWLES, county surveyor, was born April 30, 1827, in the southern part of Maine. His father, John C. Bowles, was born January i, 1800, and received an academic education. He early united with the Baptist Church and about the year 1820 commenced preaching. His ministerial duties call- ing him into New York state, he there met Miss Phoebe Wilson, to whom ho was married September 4, 1825. She was a daughter of Captain Wilson, of revolutionary fame, a well known man who died at the Bat- tle of Bridgewater, while in defense of his country. During the next year Mr. Bowles was actively engaged in preaching the gospel and in the following spring his son, Ralph, was born. It was the father's wish that his boy should become a minister and with that end in view Ralph I?00 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. was placed first in the public schools and later in Springdale Academy, and having: durinp; the meantime gone to Michigan, he entered the State University at Ann Arbor. Tiring of so close application he left that institution, but subsequently again became a student therein, this time for the purpose of qualifying himself for a civil engineer and land sur- veyor. By great perseverance and hard study he made rapid progress, graduating in June, 1847, first in his class though but a little over twenty years old. He soon entered the employ of the government as a survp"'or, and under this engagement visited Green Bay, Forts Sullivan and iikato, and other points on the Upper Mississippi. He continued this tciiling until the year 1859 then locating in this count\'. In i860 Mr. B. was married to Mrs. Elizabeth Brashears, widow of Waymack Brashears, and daughter of Gilbert Deer. To them have been born five children: John C., Anna F., Jessie A., Ervin T. and R. E. During the war Mr. Bowles enlisted in the Eighth Regiment, Missouri Volunteers, Colonel McClurg commanding, and was soon transferred to the position of topographical engineer. In 1872 he was nominated by his party and elected to the position of county surveyor. Politicalh- he is a Demo- crat. He resides on section 18. GEORGE P. BROWN, farmer and stock dealer and proprietor of Hoffman's Ferry, was born in Carroll County, Maryland, January 3, 1854. His parents were Lewis H. and Susan (Hudson) Brown, natives of Maryland. George was the youngest of a family of six children. In 1868 he came to Missouri, but the next year returned to Maryland, where he was employed in a com- mission house for two years and in the grocery business for one year. In 1872 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. In March of the same year he \vent to Dallas, Texas, where he was interested in the queens- ware business one year. He was then emploj'ed as bookkeeper in a wholesale drug house for four years. In 1877 he returned to St. Clair ■County, Missouri, and in March of 1878 embarked in general merchan- dising at Roscoe. In January, 1879, he sold out and commenced deal- ing in stock. In June, 1881, he became proprietor of Hoffman's Ferry, one of the best on the river. He owns a farm of ninety-two acres, well improved. Mr. Brown is a member of the Masonic fraternity. January 18, 1882, he was married to Miss Lucy M. Baker, a native of St. Clair County, Missouri. They have one child, an infant.' THOMAS BURCH, of the firm of Metcalf and Burch, merchants, is a native of St. Clair Count}-, Missouri, and was born January 13, 1861, being a son of Benja- BIOGRAPHICAL. I20I -min Burch, an old settler of this county, mention of whom is found elsewhere in this work. Thomas was reared on his father's farm and received his education from the schools of this county. In 1882 he became engaged in business with his present partner at Roscoe. JUDGE MAYFIELD HOSHAW, farmer, section 9, is a native of Ross County, Ohio, and was born June .29, 1820. His parents were Jacob and Jane (Cox) Hoshaw, the former a Virginian by birth, and the latter originally from North Carolina,/ lay- field was the fourth child of a family of eleven children. Whenr..-. was ten years old the family moved to Indiana, where he grew to manhood and was educated. In 1839 he emigrated to Missouri, locating in Law- rence County, and was engaged in farming and stock raising in that and Jasper Counties, until going overland to California. In 185 1 he returned to Lawrence County, Missouri, and in 1861, moved to Jasper County where he remained until 1864, then coming to St. Clair County. He now owns a farm of 240 acres. In 1882 he was elected judge of the county court of St. Clair County. He is a member of the Christian Church. January 17, 1841, Mr. Hoshaw was married to Miss Frances Hopkins, who died in January, 1848, leaving two children: Jane and Perry. In October, 185 1, he was again married to Miss Millie Brown. Her death occurred in January, 1855, she leaving one child: Samuel. He was afterwards married in November, 1855, to Betsie A. Nichols. She died in September, 1858, leaving two children: Angelina and Eliza. August II, 1859, Mr. H. was married to his present wife, whose maiden name was Frances Moore. They have six children: William, Lounta, Thomas, Lucy, Amos, and George W. THOMAS HUSTON, manufacturer of and dealer in harness and saddles, was born in Fulton, Callaway County, Missouri, April 9, 1837. His father, William Huston, a saddler by trade, was a Virginian by birth and one of the pioneers of Missouri, having come to this state in 1828. He married Rebecca C. Huttsell, of Kentucky. When Thomas was eight years old the family removed to Clinton Count3^ Missouri, and after a short residence there removed to Kansas City. In i8t;o he began learning the trade he now so successfully follows, working in that city for three years. Going to Richmond, Missouri, he worked four years, then returned to Kansas City and remained one year. Thence to Ft. Scott, Kansas, where he engaged in the harness business. In 1870 he came to Roscoe. Mr. Huston was married August 2, 1862, to Miss Martha Dickey, whose death occurred October 30, 1865, she leaving one child, Harry. He 1202 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. was again married October 6, 1868, to Miss Elmirah Burch, of this county. They have three children: Effie, Dottie and Grace. W. W. MALLORY was born in Monroe County, Missouri, May 20, 1849, ^"^ ^^as a son of J. R. and Lucecia (Wilson) Mallory, natives of Kentucky. The subject of this sketch spent his youth in his native county, where he was afterward engaged in farming until 1871, then moving to Hickory County. He has been occupied in teaching in different parts of St. Clair County for nine years. He owns a farm of eighty acres of land, well improved, in section 20. Mr. M. is a member of the Christian Church, and also belongs to the Masonic fraternity. July 25, 1877, he was married to Miss Florence Dolly, of Missouri. They have two children, P>astus E. and Maggie. A. C. MARQUIS, M. D., is a native of Darke County, Ohio, and was born September 7, 1832, his parents being James and Mary (Casner) Marquis, Virginians by birth. The former died in Cedar County, Missouri, March 31, 18S1. A. C. was the second of a family of eleven children. When he was about three and a half years old the family moved to Jay County, Indiana, where he grew to manhood, there receiving his education. At the age of twenty- one years he began the study of medicine with his father, who was an old and experienced physician. In 1855 he graduated from the Miami Medical College. Locating in Adams County, Indiana, he practiced for a few months, but his health being poor, he traveled for about one year in Virginia. He then returned to Indiana and engaged with his father in practicing. In 1858 he came to Missouri, where he was occupied in different occupations until i860, when he settled in Cedar County, Mis- souri. In 1 86 1 he was appointed post physician and in 1863 he was appointed assistant surgeon at Clinton. In 1863 he located one mile from Osceola, where he practiced until 1872, when he moved to Roscoe. Here he has since resided. The doctor is a large land owner, his landed estate containing over 700 acres. He is a member of the Christian Church and is connected with the I. O. O. F. fraternity. He has been twice married, first to Miss Sarah E. Westfall, of Ohio, December 22, 1863. She died October 18, 1873, leaving four children: James, Adeniga, Mary and Thomas. He was afterwards married to Miss Adosa Eller. of Indiana, June 30, 1871. They have four children: Elson, Maude, Claud and Myrtle. REV. JOHN T. METCALF, merchant at Roscoe, was born in F"auquier County, Virginia, March 15, 1827. His father, Lewis Metcalf, a native of Virginia, having been a BIOGRAPHICAL. 1205 son of Asa Metcalf, who was originally of Scotland. Susan St. Clair, the mother of John T., was also a Virginian by birth. The subject of this sketch was the oldest of five children. When he was sixteen years of age he accompanied the family to Howard County, Missouri, where he resided till 1850, then going to California, where he was engaged in min- ing and merchandising till 1853. In 1854 he located in St. Clair County, Missouri, and commenced farming. He now has a fine farm of 320 acres of land in section 30, and for the past five years he has been a promi- nent merchant of Roscoe. In 1856 he was elected assessor of the county,.- serving one term. In 1874 he was elected representative of the county and served in the legislature one term. July 19, 1834, Mr. Metcalf was united in marriage with Miss Susan C. Marshall, a native of Virginia. They have six children: Lewis H., Martha A., Mary S., William T.,. Laura and Luther. Mr. M. is a member of the Masonic order. He has been connected with the Baptist Church for over thirty years, and has been a minister of that faith since his ordination in January, i860. L. W. MILLS, manager of F. Egger's mercantile house at Roscoe, is a native of Washington County, Arkansas, and was born April 3, 1840. He is a son of Aaron and Millie (Samuels) Mills, natives of Indiana. When he was but an infant the family removed to Dade County, Missouri, there remaining till he was nine years of age, when they returned to Arkan- sas, settling at Fayetteville. In 1861 L. W. went to Texas, there resid- ing till 1868, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He is a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and belongs to the M. E. Church. He was married in August, 1859, to Miss Sarah E. Edmondson, a native of Missouri. They have one child living, Lewis A., born October 4, 1875. WILLIAM M. MOORE, farmer, section 10, was born in Roscoe Township, St. Clair County, Mis- souri, March i, 1848. His father, William Moore, and his mother,. Fanny Moore, were natives of Virginia. They were among the first settlers of this county. William was the fifth of a family of nine chil- dren. He spent his youth here and received his education in the com- mon schools. His present farm contains 160 acres, well improved, upon which is a good orchard, etc. Mr. M. is a member of the Christian Church, September 19, 1876, he was married to Miss Eliza Hoshaw. They have three children: Ida May, Lulu E. and Laura. BENJ. F. PEPPER, wagon maker, a native of Hampshire County, West Virginia, was born- July 13, 1833, his parents being James and Catherine (Wise) Pepper, I204 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. originally from Virginia. Benjamin F. was the eldest of a family of seven children. He was reared on his father's farm in Virginia and there obtained his education, remaining at home until 1857, when he emigrated to Hancock County, Illinois. There he followed farming tor eighteen months. Going to Alton he was employed as salesman for J. D. Freeman for three years when he acted as a guard in the prison at that {)lace for a number of years, after which he worked at carpentering and wagon making in different parts of Illinois until 1871. Then he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and farmed two years, soon settling in Roscoe. He has since been occupied in the manufacture of wagons, etc., and also owns a farm of 180 acres. In December, 1858, Mr. Pepper, married Miss Sarah Johnson, a native of New Jersey. They have two children: Douglas L. and Florence. J. H. PILES, farmer, section 10, a native of Hampshire County, West Virginia, was born August 27, 1832, and was a son of John and PLlizabeth (Buck- man) Piles, Virginians by birth. J. H. was reared on his father's farm in Virginia, and was educated in the common schools. He followed farm- ing there until 1870, when he emigrated to Missouri and located in St. Clair County. Here he owns a farm of 310 acres, which will average with any in the township. He is also a large stock raiser, now having about 120 head of cattle. At the breaking out of the late war he was appointed captain of the 114th regiment, Virginia State Militia. In 1862 he enlisted in Stonewall Jackson's Brigade, and at the battle of Marion Hill he was wounded and afterwards was unable for infantry service. He was then made captain of Company K, Forty-seventh Virginia Cav- alry, and served until the close of the war. He is a member of the M. E. Church, South. January 17, 1856. Mr. Piles was married to Miss Jane Robinson, of Virginia. They have ten children: William T., Mary E., Martha E., Dora A., John R., Rebecca S., Richard J., Robert Lee, Ida May and Estella. ALONZO RAY, merchant, was born in Portage County, Ohio, May 10, 1823. His parents •were John and Palmira (Root) Ray, the former a native of West Virginia, and the latter of Vermont. They reared six children, of whom Alonzo was the second child. He was brought up and educated in his native state, and in 1843 he went to Chicago, where he worked two years at the harness trade. He then located at Lafayette, Indiana, and was occupied at his chosen calling two years, and also at various places till 1849, when he emigrated to California. There he was interested in min- ing till 185 1. Returning to Illinois he remained till i860, when he went BIOGRAPHICAL. . 1205 to Kansas, where he was engaged in farming till 1867. Then he came to Roscoe and has since been engaged in merchandising. He has held the office of justice of the peace for some years, and he was postmaster of this place for seven years. Mr. Ray has been three times married, first to Miss Fannie Eyemer, of New York, November 26, 1853. Her death occurred June 14, 1855. He was again married February 5, 1856, to Mrs. Caroline Kinyon, a daughter of James Lee. She died August 23, 1876. He was married to his present wife January 8, 1878, her name being Mrs. Mary L. Barr. He has two children by his second wife, Restory and Willis H. ERVIN THOMAS, farmer, section 10, was born in Grayson County, Virginia, June 16, 1812. His father, Nathan Thomas, born in North Carolina, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war under General Green, and was at the battle of Guil- ford court house. North Carolina. Ervin's grandparents were originally from Wales. His mother, formerly, Rebecca Pool, (of English parent- age) came from North Carolna. He was the ninth of ten children. After the war his father moved into Virginia, when he bought a farm. Young Ervin remained at home for several years, and for a time was in Florida. In 1839 ^^ came to Missouri and settled in Roscoe Township, near where he now lives. In 1849 he went to California with William Walters and others and remained three years. He now has a finely improved farm of 120 acres. During the late war General Lyon's army destroyed nearly all his property while on their raid after Price's army, and then Mr. Thomas joined Price for protection. He was out six months. He married Nancy Crider, November 17, 1833, i^'' Grayson County, Virginia. She was the daughter of Henry Crider, of Virginia. They have four children living: Margaret Ann (now Mrs. Thomas Hackett, of Kansas City), Jane (Mrs. Thomas J. Sherley, who died in 188 1), Sarah (now Mrs. H. Gest), Susan (wife of Charles Bidell), and Edwin E., now in Colorado. Politically he is a Democrat. He belongs to the Christian Church, and is a member of the Masonic order. ANDREW WAYMIRE, blacksmith at Roscoe, is a native of Warren County, Indiana, and was born October 29, 1828. He is a son of Isaac and Rachel Waymire, who were natives of Ohio. Andrew was the fourth of a family of nine child- ren. When ten years of age he accompanied his parents to Buchanan County, Missouri, where he was reared to manhood, and he was engaged in farming in Missouri and Iowa till 1859. Then he worked at the gun- smith's trade in Iowa till 1868, when he removed to Arkansas, becoming occupied at the trade of blacksmith for three years. He worked in Law- f206 HISTORY OK ST. CLAIR COUNTY. rcnco County, Missouri, till 1874, when he came to Roscoe, and has since been interested in blacksmithing. Mr. Waymire was married Decem- ber I, 1S46, to Miss Malissa Barrow, of Kentuck}-. They have five child- ren living: Huldah, Maria, John, Charles and Albert. JOHN E. WELLS, hardware merchant at Roscoe, was born in Carroll Count)', Missouri, September 22, 1857. His parents were Daniel W. and Margaret (Cra- ven) Wells, the former a native of Illinois, and the latter of Missouri. When John E. was an infant he was taken by his "grandfather to Clay County, Missouri, where he was reared and educated. In 1875 he removed to Harrison County, Missouri, and clerked in a store there, and then in Gentry Count)- till 1878, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. Here he followed school teaching till the spring of 1883, when he engaged in the hardware business. He is a member of the M. E. Church, South, and belongs to the I. O. G. T. ■.,^^^^,(^i^^ SPEEDWELL TOWNSHIP. B. F. BURCH, farmer and stock dealer, section 4, is a native of Hard)- Count)-, Vir- ginia, and was born July 4, 1833. His parents were Robert N. and Rebecca (Swisher) Burch, Virginians b)- birth. In 1S42 this family moved to St. Clair County, Missouri, where B. F. has since resided. He has made farming and dealing in stock his occupation during life, and now owns a landed estate of over 1,000 acres. His home farm contains a fine orchard and is well improved. In 1850 he went to California, where he was engaged in mining till the spring of 1855. In August, 1856, Mr. Burch was married to Miss Martha A. Metcalf, originally from Virginia. The)- have eleven children: Emma, Lucy J.. Missouri A., John T., James O., Mary E., Francis, Edna, Frances M. and Eddie. OLIVER H. P. BURCH. farmer and stock raiser, section 10. was born in St. Clair Count)-. Mis- souri, December 17, 1839, ant! has made this his home during life. In BIOGRAPHICAL. 120/ 1861 he enlisted in the Confederate service in which he remained till the close of the war. March 10, 1869, Mr. B. was married to Miss Ade- line McLain, a native of Tennessee. They have four children: Charles A., John P. Austin D.', and Robert H. S. G. DAVIS, farmer and plasterer, section 16, was born in Cole County, Missouri, July 20, 1842, and is a son of Peter E. and Catherine (McKinsey) DaviS; who were natives of Kentucky. The subject of this sketch was reared to the occupation of farming and the trade of plastering, which his father also followed. In 1859 they moved to Benton County, Missouri, where S. G. followed his present business till 1875. He then went to Polk County, Missouri, and one year later came to St. Clair County, where he has since resided. He now has a farm of 160 acres. February i, i860, Mr. Davis was married to Miss Eliza J. Bowman, who was born in Ben- ton County, Missouri, September 16, 1843. She died June 19, 188 1, leav- ing six children: Eugenia, Peter, Jasper, Charley, Ella M,. and Preston. Mr. D. is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. WILLIAM HENRY DOOLEY, farmer and stock raiser, is the owner of 120 acres of land on section 20. He was born in Polk County, Missouri, in January, 1838, being a son of Henry E. Dooley, of Georgia, who was born in 1800. His mother's maiden name was Jane Cornelius, of South Carolina. They came to Missouri in 1830, and settled in Greene County, near Springfield, arriv- ing here before the Indian title became extinct. They were forced to return to the eastern part of the state, remaining there until 1832, when they again came back and once more located near Springfield. In 1836 he moved to Polk County and settled in Bolivar, building the first house, which was afterwards used for a court house for some years. In 1843 they went into Greene Township, Hickory County, where Mr. D. bought several hundred acres of land and made extensive improvements. He died in 1849. Mrs. Dooly is yet living in Hickory County, and is eighty- six years old. They had seven children, of whom Wm. H. was the young- est. He resided with the family in Hickory County until 1873, when he purchased a farm in Speedwell Township, where he now resides. He married Amanda E. Nance in 1869. She was the daughter of Saunders Nance, who came here in 1835, from Virginia. They have five children: John L., Leanna, Azalin, Henry Emmet, and Ezra. JAMES HARVEY McKlNLEY, farmer and stock raiser, is the owner of lOO acres of land on section 16. He was born in Russell County, Kentucky, in 1834, and was the son of I208 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. Solomon McKinley, who was originally from Kentucky. His grand- father, Michael McKinley, together with a younger brother, secreted themselves, when boys, in a vessel and left for America, unknown tc^ their parents. After arriving in this country, in due time he joined the army, and was with Washington through the revolution. In 1812 he was with General Jackson at New Orleans, and was killed on the cele- brated 8th of January. James' mother, formerly Ann Cane, was a daughter of Charles Cane, of Pennsylvania. Her grandfather was also in the revolution. They raised nine children, of whom James H. was the fifth. He learned the carpenter's trade in youth, and in 1853 came to Missouri and settled in St. Clair County, near where he now lives. He married Miss Sarah C. Todd in 1857. She was the daughter of Daniel P. Todd, of Kentucky. They have eight children: William Fil- more, James Daniel, Thomas Price, Rhoda Jane, Samuel Tilden, Peter,. Sarah Catharine and Edna. Three died in infancy. Politically he is a Democrat, and he has been a member of the Baptist Church for thirty years. WILLIAM H. P0TTP:R, physician and surgeon at Tiffin, was born in Genesee County, New York, June 2, 1838, and is the son of John and Julia A. (Stillwellj Pot- ter, natives of New York. When William H. was about nine years of age his parents, with the family, moved to Washington County, Wis- consin, where he grew to manhood, his time being spent on a farm and in a store. In the spring of i860 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Hayes, of Boston. In the spring of 1861 he enlisted in Company K, Second Wisconsin Infantry, and in the fall of the same year the com- pany was transferred and known as Company A., First Artillery. He remained in service three years, acting as hospital steward. After this he traveled till 1869 when he located in Saline County, Nebraska, there commencing the practice ot medicine. He continued it till 1879 when he located in Bates County. In 1882 he came to Taberville, St. Clair County and in the fall of the same year, took up his residence at Tiffin. The doctor is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He was married October 11, 1868, to Miss Helen Hildreth, a native of Wisconsin. GIDEON PAPE. dealer in general merchandise at Tiffin, is a native of Germany, and was born July 21, 1846. He was reared and educated in his native country, and was there engaged in agricultural pursuits till 1865, when he emi- grated to America, landing at New York. After this he traveled until 1871, when, coming to St. Clair County, Missouri, he located on the Osage, where he followed the milling business until 1876. Then he BIOGRAPHICAL. I209 began in his present business, in which he has been very successful, and he is now one of the leading business men of the county. He is a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. Mr. Pape was married October 2, 1873, to Miss Elizabeth M. Bogle, of Niagara County, New York. They have three children: Charlotta A., Stella A. and Edith E. BUCKNER RUSSELL, farmer and stock dealer, section 21, was born in Moniteau County, Mis- souri, May 13, 1837. His father, John Russell, was a native of Kentucky, and married Miss Nancy Alley, of the same state. They had nine chil- dren, the subject of this sketch being the fourth child. He was reared to manhood in his native county, and was there educated, also follow- ing farming in the locality till 1866, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. His landed estate consists of 600 acres. During the war the greater part of his time was occupied in the Confederate service. Mr. R. is a member of the Masonic fraternity. November 8, 1866, he was married to Miss Matilda Harriman, of Illinois. By this union they have four children: John W., Geneva, Elsie G. and Myrtie. T. F. TRUE, farmer, section 20, was born in Dearborn County, Indiana, October 4, 1845, being a son of Nelson and Mary E. (Piles) True, also natives of Indiana. T. F. was reared and educated in the county of his birth, where he was engaged in farming till 1866. Then he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and now owns a farm of 220 acres. In 1861 he enlisted in Company G, Fifty-seventh Indiana, remaining in service till the dose of the war. Mr. True was married July 5, 1867, to Miss Fannie Tives, a native of Moniteau County, Missouri. They have four chil- dren: Nelson, William A., Laura J. and Charles F. GEORGE WAGNER, farmer and stock raiser, section 17. The subject of this sketch is one of the prominent men of Speedwell Township and one worthy of men- tion in the history of this county. He is a native of Germany and was born January 28, 1826. When but four years old he was brought to ' America by his parents, who located at Petersburg, Virginia. George there received the benefits of the common schools, and in 1842 he went back to Germany, where he entered the Heidelberg University of Baden-Baden There he took a thorough course in sur- veying, engineering and jurisprudence, learning the Greek, Latin and Hebrew languages. He was graduated from that institution in 1847, Returning to Petersburg, Virginia, he was engaged in ornamental gar 12 10 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. deniiii^, at which he accumulated a large amount of wealth. This was all lost during the war. In 1861 he enlisted in the Confederate service and was made regimental quartermaster of Roger A. Pryor's regiment, and after a short time was promoted to brigade quartermaster, which position he filled for eight months. Alter that time he filled the posi- tion of first assistant chief quartermaster of General Longstreet's corps until the surrender of General Lee. After the close of the war he lemained in Petersburg, Virginia, for eighteen months, when he went to Kingman County, Kansas. He was occupied in farming and raising stock till 1878, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. Here he now has 320 acres of land, eighty acres in Vernon County and 320 acres of good farming land in Kansas, and he is one of the most pratical farmers of this county. In 1874 he was elected probate judge of King- man County, Kansas, which office he held four years. Mr. W. is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. In February, 1849, he was married to Miss Caroline Bloom, a native of Virginia. She died in 1878, leaving five children: George, Herman, William, Caroline and Louisa. He was married again in July, 1881, to Mrs. Mary J. Price, of Ohio. Her maiden name was Russell. Mr. and Mrs. W. are members of the Baptist Church. EDWIN WRIGHT, farmer and stock dealer, section 5, was born in Licking County. Ohio, June 10, 1840. His parents were William S. and Samantha (Stedman) Wright, natives of Massachusetts. A colony had emigrated from Gran- ville, Massachusetts, and located in Licking County, Ohio, when William Wright was about six years of age, hence the name of Granville, Ohio. Edwin was reared and educated in his native county, and there engaged in farming till 1859, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, where he resided till 1861, then returning to Ohio. He went from there with a number of men and enlisted in Company D, Thirteenth Missouri, which was afterward changed to the Twenty-second Ohio. He remained in service fourteen months, holding the position of corporal. In the fall of 1863 he went to Coles County, Illinois, and in the summer of 1865 came to St. Clair County, Missouri, where he has since followed his present occupation, having a landed estate of 880 acres. His farm is one of the best improved in this vicinity, and upon it is located a com- modious and convenient residence, and one of the best barns in the county. On his farm is a number of medical springs, equal to those of Eldorado, his nearest trading point. He has also a very fine stone quary equal to any in the state. July 27, 1864, Mr. Wright was married to Miss Fannie Bartlett, a native of Indiana. She was born in Februar\-, 1843, being a daughter of Charles and P^mcline Bartlett, the former of New Hampshire and the latter of Kentuck}-. The family of Mr. and Mrs. W. consists of three children, Charles E., Maud and George S. BIOGRAPHICAL. 12 II TABER TOWNSHIP. -==3) r-CE^?=§>=J~: JOHN C. AMMONS, farmer, section 5, was born in Warren County, Ohio, April 23, 1833, and when eight years old, he moved with his parents to Henry County, and four years later to Hancock County, Illinois, where he grew to manhood, He was there engaged in farming until 1870, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and here he has a farm of 200 acres. January 19, 1865. Mr. A. was married to Miss Julianna Eckles, a native of Ohio. They have five children: Florence V., Gilbert L., Ida B., Eddison S., and John R. William Ammons the father of John C. Ammons, was a son of Wil- liam and Teressa (Swindler) Ammons, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania. William, junior, was born in Warren County, Ohio, December 16, 181 1. He was reared in his native county on a farm, and has followed farming through life. He was married in Ohio to Miss Mary Cassady, January 7, 1832. They have had nine children. In 1844 they moved to Henry County, Indiana, and in 1848 to Hancock County, Illinois, and in 1867 to St. Clair County, Missouri. Mrs. Mary Ammons was born in Warren County, Ohio, February 4, 18 12. THOMAS V. BISHOP, farmer, section 35, the son of James and Rachael (Van Winkle) Bishop, natives of New Jersey, was born in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, March 28, 1820. He was reared on his farm in his native county, and in 1S50 he moved to Mercer County, Illinois, and in 1868 came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He has followed farming during life, and now has a farm of eighty-four acres. January 25, 1844, Mr. Bishop was married to ]\Iiss Elizabeth A. Gallop, of New York. They have had eleven children, eight of whom are living: Mary M., Martha A., Ruby S., Martin H., Julia L., James R., Elizabeth A. and Lee J. Mr. and Mrs. B. are mem- bers of the Christian Church. S. H. BOTHWELL, stock dealer, section 22, is a native of Vinton County, Ohio, and was born on October 29, 1854, his parents being A. W. and Julia E. (Potter) Bothwell, the former of Ohio and the latter originally from Pennsylva- nia. When S. H. was ten years of age the family removed to Clay County, Illinois, where he grew to manhood. He received the advan- 12 I 2 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. tages of the common schools of Illinois, after which he attended the normal school of Lebanon, Ohio. Mr. Bothwell has ever followed farm- ing and dealing in stock during life. In the spring of i88o he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. frater- nit)'. He was married February 27, 1S78, to Miss Bell West, of Clay County, Illinois. She was born June 22, 1857, her father, Joseph West, having been born in Pennsylvania. Her mother, formerly Mary Came- ron, was also a native of Pennsylvania. They have one child, Jessie. JACOB W. CARROLL, the owner of a farm consisting of 200 acres, located in section 19, is a native of Tennessee, and was born in Roane County, March 6, 1844. When he was about ten years of age he came to St. Clair County, Mis- souri, where he has since resided. In 1862 he enlisted in Company I, Seventh Missouri Infantry, of the Confederate service, and remained in active service until the close of the war. January 16, 1873, Mr. Carroll married Miss Lizzie Ellis, a Kentuckian by birth. They have one child, Myrtie J. Z. T. CARROLL, farmer, section t,6, was born in Roane County, Tennessee, March 16, 1849. H^ came to St. Clair County, ^Missouri, with his parents when but a child, and has since continued to make his home here. He now owns a farm of 100 acres. Mr. Carroll married August 25, 1870, Miss Mary J., a daughter of J. M. Hoover, and a native of Missouri. They have four children: Samantha Lee, Willard Gillmore, Georgia Ann and Dora Miller. H. P. COCKRELL, farmer, section 12, is the son of Peter B. Cockrell, a native of Bourbon County, Kentucky, who was married in Cooper County, Missouri, to Miss Elizabeth Sproul, originally of Virginia. H. P. was born in Cooper County, Missouri, May 23, 1839. About the year 1847 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, where he now has a farm of eighty acres. In 1863 he enlisted in the Missouri State Militia Cavalry, served two years, one month and two days and was mustered out as sergeant. In Decem- ber, 1869, Mr. C. was married to Miss Harriet J. Sproul, a native of St. Clair County, Missouri. They have had four children, three of whom are now living: Margaret G., Nellie S. and Mollie A. E. J. E. CORBIN, farmer, section 7, is a native of Ohio and was born in Licking County February 9, 1836, being a son of William and Sophia (Boyer) Corbin, BIOGRAPHICAL. 12 I 3 both Virginians by birth. J. E. was the youngest in the family, which consisted of eight children. In 1844 he moved with his parents to Noble County, Indiana, where he grew to manhood, there completing his edu- cation. In 1856 hewent to LaPorte, of the same state, and in 1861 to Sangamon County, Illinois, where, from 1863 to 1867, he was employed as wood workman in the car shops of Springfield. In 1867 he moved to Missouri, locating in Bates County till 1869, when he came to St. Clair County, where he now has a farm of 240 acres, which, in regard to improvements, is surpassed by no farm in the county. December 30, 1863, Mr. Corbin was married to Miss Sarah E. McKinney, by whom he has three children: Oliver E., William and Jennie B. Mrs. C. was born in Sangamon County, Illinois, September 3, 1844. She was reared and educated in that county, where she resided till her marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Corbin are members of the Christian Church. DR. A. C. DAVIDSON, a prominent physician and surgeon at Taberville. His father, Alfred Davidson, was a native of Kentucky, as was also his mother, whose maiden name was Mary J. Adams. A. C. was born in Warren County, Kentucky, October 22, 1848. In August, 1857, he moved with his par- ents to Shawnee County, Kansas, where they located on a farm and lived till the fall of 1865. Coming to Missouri they settled in Hickory County, and in 1874 our subject located in Taberville. In 1878 he began the study of medicine under Dr. J. H. Newman, and in 1874 commenced his practice, and has since been very successful. He was also engaged in the drug business from 1874 till September 28, 1882, when his store was burned. Since living in this county he has been county coroner several terms. Dr. Davidson was married November 12, 1876, to Miss Ida L. Baker, who was born in Cooper County, Missouri, March 18, 1861. He died August 19, 1880. He was married again April 9, 1882, to Miss Rosa Ayers, a native of Saline County, Missouri; born August 19, 1862. The doctor is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the I. O. O. F. BIRD ESTES, farmer, section 10, was born in St. Clair County, Illinois, September 6, 1 84 1. His father, Jackson Estes, was a Kentuckian by birth, while his mother, whose maiden name was Abigail Jackson, was a native of Illi- nois. When Bird was but a child his parents moved to Benton County, Missouri, where he grew to manhood, there being engaged in farming till 1867, when he went to Henry County. In 1869 he came to St. Clair County, and here has since resided. His farm contains 120 acres. In August, 1862, he joined the Enrolled Militia, and in December, 1863, 12 14 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNIY. he re-enlisted in the state militia under Colonel Philips, being mus- tered out July II, 1865, as sergeant. September 3, 1865, he was married to Miss Lucy A. Bradley, of Henry County, Missouri, born December 15, 1845- They have four children: Eugenie B., Nellie D., Agnes D., and Harry C. Mr. and Mrs. E. are members of the Baptist Church. ROBERT F. GUERRANT, farmer and stock raiser, is a son of Stephen and Sallie (Harris) Guer- rant, both natives of Virginia (the former of French descent) and was born in Buckingham County, Virginia, February 16, 1826. He was there reared and educated, and in 1849 he moved to Saline County, Missouri, and in 1878 came to St. Clair County. He has followed the occupation of farming during life and his farm now contains 176 acres, on which is located the best residence in Tabor Township. His other improve- ments are also above the average of those in the county. Mr. Guerrant is one of the stock holders in the First National Bank of Appleton City. He has been twice married. First March 17, 1853, to Miss Zerrilda Hill, of Saline County, who died November 30, 1874, leaving a family of five children: Walter, L., William T., Malinda A., Samuel and Ralph. Miss Susan M. Hudgen, of Buckingham County, Virginia, became his second wife, their marriage occurring February 20, 1878. By this union they have one child, Albert C. HENRY F. HAND, section 27, was born in Chittenden County, Vermont, May 27, 1845, being a son of Francis and T. (Smith) Hand, the former originally from Eng- land and the latter from Vermont. Henry received his education in the Brandon Seminary of Rutland County. He grew up on a farm and has principally followed that occupation during life. In the spring of 1S65 he moved to Calhoun County, Michigan, and in 1866 to Jackson County, of the same state. In 1868 he accepted a position as station agent at Adrian, Michigan., for the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railroad, which he held for one year. In 1870 he came to St. Clair County, Mis- souri, and has resided here since, and during this period he has been the leading sheep dealer and raiser in the county. His farm contains 640 acres, and this is mostly utilized in the raising of sheep and other stock. He has on an average from 1,000 to 1,600 head, and at other times has had between 1,900 and 2,000. Mr. Hand was married Feb- ruary 7, 1875, to Miss Charlotte Laskin, a native of Michigan. They have four children: Emma, Freddie, Mable and Frank. BIOGRAPHICAL. 121 J MILTON HEATH, one of the prominent citizens of Taberville and owner of the Taberville Ferry, was born in Lawrence County, Illinois, November ii, 1847. He was there reared and educated, coming to St. Clair County in 1868. He has Followed farming principally during life, and has been owner of the Taberville ferry since 1874. His boat in present use was built in 1882. Mr. H. is a member of the Masonic fraternity. His father. Judge A. Heath, a son ot Ashel and Aylcy (Curens) Heath, natives of Virginia, was the twelfth child of a family of fourteen children, and was born in Sullivan County, Indiana, March 6, 1823. When he was an infant his parents removed to Lawrence County, Illinois, and there he grew to manhood and was reared to the occupation of farming, which he has since followed. In 1866, he went to Hancock County, and in 1868 came to St. Clair County, Missouri. In 1873 he purchased the Taberville Ferry. While in Lawrence County, Illinois, he served as one of the county commissioners three terms. In 1872 he was elected by the Democratic party as one of the county judges of St. Clair County, serv- ing four years. He is a member of Star Lodge, No. 419, A. F. &: A. M. Judge Heath was married August 19, 1844, to Miss Mary Wright and they have eight children living: Robert, Milton, Lafayette, William J. John S., Jennie, Holbert, and Sherman. Mrs. H. was born in Ripley County, Indiana, February 19, 1828. Her father Josiah Wright was a native of Kentucky, as also was her mother, whose maiden name was Martha Hamilton. GEORGE HILL, SR., section 32, son of John and Margaret (Schineltzer) Hill, natives of Penn- sylvania, was born in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, January 23, 18 16. He was there brought up and educated and was considered one of the most practical farmers of that state. He followed this occu- pation in Northumberland and Lycoming Counties until 1880, except from 1849 to 1863, during which time he resided in St. Joseph County, Michigan. In 1S80 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. He and his sons now at home have a landed estate of nearly 600 acres. He was married February 24, 1840, to Miss Martha Brown. They have had ten children, nine of whom are living: Robert B., John, William B., Jane, George, Jr., Margaret, Martha B., Charles and Susan L. Mrs. Hill is the youngest of a family of twelve children, and was born in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, February 24, 1816. Her father, William Brown, was a native of Ireland, and her mother, formerly Jane Brown, came originally from Pennsylvania. Jane Brown was a daughter of Mathew and Eleaner (Torbit) Brown, the former of Pennsylvania and the latter of Scotland. The father of Mrs. Hill was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. I2l6 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY, JOHN HILL, justice of the peace, notary public and dealer in real estate, is a son of George Hill, and was born in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania. He was reared in that county and there received an academic education. In the fall of 1864 he went to Salem, Marion County, Illinois, where he studied law with Judge Michael Schaeffer, remaining one 3'ear. Going south he located in Arkansas, where he was engaged in merchandising and raising cotton. In the spring of 1868 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, and for the first two years taught school, and in 1870 he was elected county superintendent of schools, holding the office two years. Since that time he has been occupied in farming and dealing in stock, having at the present time a landed estate of about 1,500 acres. March 26, 1879, he was commissioned notary public, and in December, 1882, was appointed justice of the peace of Taberville. Mr. Hill was married September 20, 1869, to Miss Mary J. Coulthard. of St. Clair County, Missouri, born October 28, 185 1. Her father, Joseph Coulthard, was a native of England, and her mother, formerly Catherine Truxiel, was born in Ohio. The family of Mr. and Mrs. H. consists of four children: George, Martha B., Katie M. and Josephine B. In 1863 he enlisted in the Pennsylvania Militia, and remained in service during the Gettysburg raid. WILLIAM BROWN HILL is proprietor of the Taberville Hotel, and is also a dealer in and feeder of stock. His father was George Hill, Esq. William was born in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, March 2, 1844. He was reared there, except three years spent in St. Joseph County, Michigan. He was edu- cated in the common schools of his native county and the Wyoming seminary of the Wyoming Valley. After following farming till 1870 he engaged in the grocery business at Williamsport City, which he contin- ued four years. In September, 1876, he went to Salt Lake City. Utah, where he accepted the position as deputy clerk of the United States district court of Utah. In July, 1877 he resigned his position and came to St. Clair County, where he has since been dealing in stock. His hotel has gained a good reputation and is a credit to the place. While in Pennsylvania Mr. H. was captain in the Twelfth Regiment of National Guards of Pennsylvania. Since coming to St. Clair County he acted as deputy sheriff under John P. Gordon. At the convention of the Green- back party, in September, 1882, he was nominated as their candidate for sheriff of the county. Mr. H. is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and of the patriot order Sons of America, belonging to Camp 26, of Williamsport City, Pennsylvania. He was married the first time Sep- tember, 19, 1872, to Miss Josephine Good, who was born in May, 1858. BIOGRAPHICAL. 1217 She died January 16, 1878, leaving two children: Laura G., born Octo- ber 19, 1873, and Josia G., born November 12, 1877, and who died August 12, 1878- He was again married January 3, 1882, to Miss Julia L. Bishop, of Rock Island County, Illinois, born May 14, 1859. Her father, Thomas V. Bishop was a native of Pennsylvania, and her mother, Elizabeth Gallop, of the same state. J. M. HOOVER, Sr., farmer and stock dealer, section 32, was born in Lee County, Virginia, September i, 1823. He is a son of Alexander and Margaret E (Smith) Hoover, the former originally of Virginia and the latter of Ohio. They had a family of eight children, the subject of this sketch being the third child. In the fall of 1835 the Hoover family moved to St. Clair County, Missouri, and located near Osceola. Alexander Hoover died in July, 1865, and his wife in October, 1880. J. M. has followed farming and deal- ing in stock in this county since he grew to manhood, and is now one of the leading and most respected citizens of his township. He has a landed estate of 388 acres. He served three years in the Missouri State militia. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. June 16, 1841, he was married to Mrs. Mary N. Hembre, a daughter of Hugh Allison. She was born in Warren County, Tennessee, December 12, 1837. Mr. and Mrs. H. have had eleven children, six of whom are now living: James M., William S., Josephine, Rebecca, Eliza H, and Lillie M. JAMES M. HOOVER, JR., is a farmer on section 31. His father was James M. Hoover, a sketch of whose life is elsewhere to be found. He has made farming his occupa- tion during life in this county, having been born here February 5, 1856. He was for sometime in different locations of Southwest Missouri, working in the lead mines. He was married February i, 1880, to Miss Sarah D. Suggs, a native of Moniteau County, Missouri, and a daughter of John and Mary A. (Wade) Suggs. Mrs. H. was born May 24, 1861. They have one child, Charles W. ALBERT HOYT, section 6. The paternal great-grandfather of Albert Hoyt, Benjamin Hoyt, was born in England June 7, 1702, and was killed in the battle of Ticonderoga during the French war. His son, Robert Hoyt, was born in England May 6, 1753, and was there married to Miss Jane Hall. Ben- jamin Hoyt, a son of Robert, was born in New Braintree, Massachusetts, March 13, 1785, and died in Illinois August 31, 1845, having been mar- 77 I2l8 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. ricd to Miss Dorothy Walker at Richmond, New York, December 31, 1 8 10. She was born near the White Mountains of Vermont December 17, 1792, and was a daughter of John W. Walker, a native of Vermont, and a descendant of an old and noted family of England. She died in Illinois February 4, 1873. The family of Benjamin and Dorothy Hoyt consists of eleven children, seven sons and four daughters, of whom the subject of this sketch was the forth child. He was born in Middlebury, Genesee County, New York, January 14, 18 18. When he was an infant the family removed to Trumbull County, Ohio, but after the age of twelve years was reared in Portage County, learning the carpenter's trade with his father. He followed that occupation in Portage County until 1838, afterward working in different parts of Iowa and Missouri until 1840, when he returned to Lake County, Ohio. There he was mar- ried December 17, 1840, to Miss Calista Norris, who was born in Genesee County, New York, September 20, 1816. She died in Lake County June 18, 1844, leaving two children, Julia and Albertus E. In 1845 Mr. H. went to Adams County, Illinois, where he was engaged in farming until 1856, then locating in Lewis County, Missouri. In 1874 he returned to Adams County, where he resided until 1877. Since that time he has been a resident of this county. December 23, 1848, Mr. Hoyt was mar- ried in Adams County to Miss Samantha Willard, who was born in Overton County, Tennessee, July 12, 1827, They have had seven child- ren, four of whom are living: Henrietta, Calista, Addison G. and James W. In May, 1847 he enlisted in the Mexican war, and was discharged November 7, 1848. JOHN B. JEFFRIES, farmer, section i, is a son of Elijah G. and Elizabeth P. (Winfrey) Jef- fries, natives of Kentucky, and was born in Carroll County, Missouri, December 5. i853- ^^^ i86s he moved, with his parents to McDonough County, Illinois, and in 1869 they settled in Bates County, coming to St. Clair County in 1875, where he has since resided. He was reared on a farm and has followed farming during life. His present place contains eighty-six acres and he also has forty acres of timber. Mr. Jeffries was married February 25, 1875, to Miss Sarrilda A. Pease. They have two children: Willie B. and Anna B. ELISHA LANDON, owner of a farm containing 200 acres, is a native of Canada, and was born November 19, 18 15. His parents were Heman and Lovica (Edwards) Landon, the former a native of New Haven and the latter of Vermont. The subject of this sketch was reared in the county of his birth, where he received a fair education. In 1845 he moved to Lee ferOGRAPHlCAL. iii9 County, Iowa, and located in Nashville, where he was engaged in vari- ous occupations. In 1850 he settled in Hancock County, Illinois, and gave his attention to farming till 1869, then coming to St. Clair County, Missouri. In 1881 he moved to Shell City for the purpose of educating his children and there he has a fine property. He has held the offices of clerk and collector of Taber Township, and was treasurer of the inde- pendent district of Taberville for eight years. October 13, 1861, Mr. Landon was married to Mrs. Louisa Turner, whose maiden name was Chapman, a native of Indiana. They have two children: Asa C. and Theodocia L. Mr. and Mrs. L. are members of the Christian Church. ASA LANDON, farmer, section 5, was a son of Rev. Edmond Landon, a minister of the Christian Church, who was born in Canada, and who died in St. Clair County, Missouri, in September, 1876. He married Miss Orpha Clark, also of Canada, who now resides on section 6, Taber Township, this county. Asa was born near Toronto December 25, 1842. His parents moved to Adams County, Illinois, when he was but a child and two years later went to Nashville, Lee County, Iowa, where they resided two years. Returning to Illinois they located in Hancock County, and in the spring of 1857 moved to Bates County, Missouri. In the follow- ing spring they came to St. Clair County, where he now has a farm of 190 acres. Mr. L., for the last thirteen years, has been engaged in growing hedge plants and cultivating hedges with very satisfactory results. Mr. Landon was married April 22, 1869, to Miss Maria Yonce. Seven children have been born to them: Morris F., Addie F., Mollie O., Agnes v., George L., Louisa W., and Lovica G. MERRITT LARKIN, farmer and stock dealer, section 26, is a son of Enos Larkin, who was born in Rensellaer County, New York, October 2, 1812. July 19, 1834, he was married to Miss Permelia P. Kemp. She was born near Lowell, Massachusetts, February 21, 1813. In August, 1835, they moved to Michigan, and in 1866 came to St. Clair County, Missouri, where Enos died March 29, 1875. Mrs. L. now resides with the subject of this sketch, who is one of a family of seven children. He was born in Lenaway County, Michigan, March 22, 1836. He was reared and educated in Calhoun County, and came to St. Clair County with his father, having in i860 gone to California, where he was engaged in farming and milling till 1865. He now has a farm of 360 acres. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and of the A. F. & A. M. fraternities. Mr. Larkin was married June 15, 1867, to Miss Jennie Yonce, a native of Virginia. She 1?20 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUNTY. died in March, 1868. He was again married June 15, 1873, to Mrs. Sarah A. Bouland, a daughter of Calvin Parks. She was born in St- Clair County, Missouri, February 10, 1853. JOSEPH MOLLENKOPF, farmer, section 11, was born in Marion County, Indiana, October 20, 1846. His father, John J. Mollenkopf, was a native of Germany, and his mother, formerly Julia A. Painter, came originally from Pennsylvania. Joseph was reared and educated in his native county, following the occu- pation of farming in Indiana until 1871, when he came to Missouri, locating in Johnson County. There he resided until 1876. Since that time he has been a citizen of St. Clair County, his tarm containing forty- six acres. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. Mr. M. was married December 9, 1873, to Miss Malissa E. Snell, of Stark County, Illinois.. She was born January 14, 1854. They have two children: Emanuel W. and Samuel F. MICHAEL MAJORS, farmer, section 14, is a grandson of John Majors, a native of Maryland, and son of Elisha Majors, who was born in Kentucky, and married Miss Catherine Hufaker, also of that state, she being a daughter of Christo- pher Hufaker. The subject of this sketch was born in Wayne County, Kentucky, July 18, 1824. In the fall of 1837, his parents moved to Clay County, Missouri, where he grew to manhood on a farm. He has made farming his principal occupation during life, yet has worked some at various trades. He is a natural mechanic, and was the architect of the buildings on his farm, which are above the average. His landed estate in this county consists of 200 acres. Mr. M. had but limited advantages to obtain an education in youth, but has improved his time in reading and has taken great interest in educational matters. During the late war he served in Gen. Joe Shelby's command for four months. In 1849, (under the gold excitement) he went to California, where he was engaged in mining and dealing in stock till the spring of 185 1. He has been a citi- zen of St. Clair County since 1871. He was married March 3, 1852, to • Miss Permeter Crowley. She was born in Clay County, Missouri, Feb- ruary 23, 1833. Her father, Samuel Crowley, was a native of Virginia, and her mother, Nancy (Lane) Crowley, of Kentucky. They have six children: Nancy C, Elisha W. R., Henry B., Martha A., Perry L. E. and George S. A. S. AND J. R. MASTERSON are sons of George W. and Eliza Masterson, who were natives of Ken- tucky. The two sons were born in Mason County, Kentucky, A. S. BIOGRAPHICAL. 1 22 1 September 25, 1841, and J. R. on August 20, 1843. They were reared and educated in Platte County, Missouri, where their mother now resides and where their father died. In 1862 A. S. Masterson enlisted in the Confederate service in which he served till the close of the war. After this he was engaged in various occupations in Texas till 1868, when he returned to Platte County, where he was engaged in farming till 1871. Then he came to St. Clair County. April 19, 1873, he was married to Miss Emma F. Wilson, a native of Illinois. They have four children: Cora M., Zulema F., Robert R. and George E. J. R. Masterson resided in Platte County, Missouri, till 1869, except during 1863-4, when he was freighting on the plains. In 1869 he came to St. Clair County, Missouri, where he has since been occupied in farming. In 1875-6 he was in Arkansas dealing in stock. Mr. M. was married November 30, 1873, to Miss M. F. Barnett, a native of Missouri. They have one child, George W. A. S. and J. R. Masterson are both members of the I. O. O. F. fra- ternity. J. A. PURINTON. The subject of this sketch is the leading merchant of Taberville, and among those prominent in St. Clair County. He carries a stock of goods equal to any firm in the county, and also has a store at Bain's Ferry. He is a son of John and Lois (Felch) Purinton, the former of Massachusetts and the latter of New Hampshire. J. A., the only child, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, August 20, 1825. At the age of five years he was left fatherless when he moved to Lynn, Massachusetts, making his home with his uncle. There he was educated in the acad- emy. His uncle being a manufacturer and wholesale dealer in shoes, J. A. was employed in the factory and store until 1848 when he went to Athens, Ohio, where he was engaged in merchandising for two years. He then followed the same business in St. Paris, Ohio, until 1861, when he enlisted in Company A., Sixty-sixth Ohio, being mustered in October of the same year, and assigned to the commissary department in which he served until the close of the war. The most of the time he was quarter- master. Going to Indianapolis, Indiana, he became buyer and general manager for Spousler & McCrery, wholesale dealers in house furnishing goods and queensware, remaining with them for two years, when he loca- ted in Warrensburg, Missouri, engaging in the furniture business. After three years he purchased and entered large tracts of land in Vernon and St. Clair Counties, since which time he has been interested in the stock business. He has been occupied in the mercantile business at Taber- ville since 1876. Mr. P., during life has taken great interest in educa- tional matters and is one of the men to whom Warrensburg is much indebted for having one of the finest schools of the state. He is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. Mr. P. was married November 3, 1850, 12:^2 illStOKY OF St. CLAIR COUNTV. to Miss Lusetta Culver, a native of Madison County, Ohio. They have seven children. John, Frank A., James H., Charles A., Lucius L., Asa and Ella. JOHN W. SHOUP, farmer, section 30, is a son of Reason Shoup, a native of Adams County, Ohio, his parents having come originally from Pennsylvania. The mother of John W., whose maiden name was Elizabeth Foster, was also born in Adams County, Ohio. Her parents were Virginians by birth. The subject of this sketch, the third child in a family of six children, was born in Adams County, Ohio, August 9, 1839. When he was six years old his parents moved to Lee County, Iowa, where he grew to manhood, spending his boyhood days on a farm. He has made farming his occupation during life. August 20, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Thirteenth United States Infantry, and remained in service three years, participating in many important battles, among which were Chickasau, Bayou, Arkansas Post, sieges of Jackson and Vicksburg, and others. After being mustered out he went to Putnam County, Missouri, where he was married to Miss Mollie E. Price, after which he resided in Put- nam County till 1870. Then he came to his present location, where he has a farm of no acres. Mrs. S. was born in Jefferson County, Iowa, May 16, 1844. She was a daughter of Joseph and Mary A. (Puffenbar- ger) Price, who were natives of Ohio. The family of Mr. and Mrs. S. have numbered eight children, six of whom are living: Ostella F., Cora L., George T., Ef^e A., James M. and Fannie A, J. O. SMITH, farmer, section 5. The subject of this sketch was born in Crawford County, Illinois, October 15, 1836. He is a son of James W. and P!liza- beth (Watts) Smith, the former originally from Kentucky, and the latter of Illinois. When J. O. was two years old, his father moved to Wayne County, Kentucky, his mother having died in Illinois. Mr. Smith was reared in Wayne County and received an academic education. In i860, he went to Wayne County, Iowa, and in 1862, to Putnam County, Mis- souri, where he resided till 1867. Since that time he has been a citizen of St. Clair County. He has followed farming during life and now has a farm of ninety acres. Mr. S. was married in September, 1858, to Miss Sarah A. Huffaker, a native of Wayne County, Kentucky. By this union they have eight children: Henry S., James J., Maggie A., Rosa B., Wil- liam, Charles R., Walter and Lulu E. D. C. TREMAIN, M. D. section 3, is a son of Edwin Tremain, who was born in England in May, 1803, and who was married in Ohio to Miss Sarah Hutsell, born in that iilOGRAl'UlCAL. 1223 State in February, 1804. They now reside in Vinton County, Ohio. They had a family of four children, D. C. being the second child. He was born in Athens, (now Vinton County) Ohio, March 26, 1843. He was there reared and received the advantage of a common school edu- cation, after which he entered the Normal School of Lebanon. In June, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Fourth Virginia of the Federal army, and remained in services four months, when he was mustered out as commissary of subsistence. Returning to Ohio he continued the study of medicine, which he had began previous to the war, and in 1836 was graduated from the Ohio Medical College. In 1877 he located in John- son County, Kansas, having received the appointment from the governor as physician and surgeon for the Shawnee Indians. He held that appoint- ment for two years, but continued the practice of medicine in that county until 1876, when he came to St. Clair County, Missouri. Here he is considered to be one of the most prominent in the profession. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity, and the encampment. Dr. T. was married September 26, 1859, to Miss Lizzie Evans. She was born in Mason County, Kentucky, September 24, 1850. They have three children: Dema, Ralph and Mabel. GARLAND C. TURNER, farmer and stock raiser, section 17, was born in Simpson County, Ken- tucky, September 25, 1835. His father, John Turner, was a native of Kentucky as also was his mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Bluette. Garland was reared and educated in his native county, and there resided till 1870 when he moved to Henry County, Missouri, and in 188 1 he came to St. Clair County. He has made farming his occupa- tion during life and now has a well improved farm of 140 acres. During his residence in Henry County he was assessor for one term under the township organization. He has always taken great interest in educa- tional matters. Mr. Turner was married August 28, 1856, to Miss Sarah Breedlove who was born in Virginia, August 28, 1836. They have five children: John W., Sallie, Forrest E., Georgia and Bascar. Mr. and Mrs. F. are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. P. WALLACE, farmer, section 7, was born in Hancock County, Indiana, November 22, 1850. His father, John J. Wallace, a native of North Carolina, was mar- ried to Miss Eliza Sergeant, of Indiana, who now lives in Bates County, her husband being deceased. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in the county of his birth. When about seventeen years old he came to Missouri and located in Bates County, where he lived until 1875, then coming to his present location. Here he now has a farm of 1224 HISTORY OF ST. CLAIR COUN I'Y. i6o acres. He was married February 5, 1873, to Miss Naomi F. Fleemer, who was born in Monroe County, Indiana, July 30, 1853. She was a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Hendricks) Fleemer, the former of Indi- ana, and the latter of Kentucky. The family of Mr W. consists of two children, Minnie and Eva. They are members of the Christian Church. ANDREW YONCE, one of the pioneers of St. Clair County, who resides on section 12, of this township, is a son of John Yonce, a native of Virginia, and of Ger- man descent. Andrew was born in Wythe County, Virginia, April 3, 18 10. He was there reared and educated in both English and German schools. November 10, 1830, he was married to Miss Esther Coulthard, and in 1838 they moved to St. Clair County, Missouri, locating on Big Monegaw, three miles northeast of where he now resides. He afterwards entered the land that comprises his present farm, which contains 160 acres, a portion of which is underlaid with a rich vein of coal. When he first settled in this vicinity his nearest neighbor was five miles distant and the Indians were more numerous than the white men. His trading points were Osceola and Harmony Mission, his post ofifice being at the former place. He and his wife are members of the M. E. Church and for some two years religious services were held at their residence. Mrs. Yonce was born in England, November 25, 1814. She was a daughter of Thomas and Ester (CraigJ Coulthard, who crossed the sea with nine children in 1829, and located in Wythe County, Virginia. Mrs. Y. was educated in England. Their family have numbered twelve children, nine of whom are living. Joseph T., born November ii, 1842, and mar- ried November 16, 1868, Miss Mary E. Ketcham, of Indiana ; Flarvious J., born May 4, 1844, married June 5, 1873, Miss Susanna Burke; William H., bor 1 July 4, 1846, married November 14, 1875, Miss Mary E. Camp- bell; JoJ n A., born September 10, 1849, and married July 19, 1875, Miss Rebecca Burke; Frances, born October 11, 1840, married February 22, 1866, A. C. Ditty; Maria L., born December 12, 1847, and married April 22, 1869, A. Lan-don; Henrietta E., born November 6, 1853, married March 13, 1873, John B. Ditty; Florence O., born August 31, 1856, mar- ried February 4, 1877, G. L. Woolsey; Ad'riana C, born June 21, 1858, married July 4, 1878, H. Landon. Kd ^9 0. -r '3 I .*'% ^^--^ ^.1969>i \ C, vP -6/ v^ o