gressive Agricultural Programs A Helpful Book for Rural Schools, Granges and Other Farmers' Clubs WRITTEN AND COMPILED BY MIGNON QUAW (University of Montana) Price 60 Cents (Boards $1.00) Published By Eldridge Entertainment House "The House That Helps" Franklin, OUo also Denver, Colo. 944 South Logan St. New Song-Recitations HERE is a list of very clever child- impersonations or good encores for children. The lines are by Margaret Fassitt, the music by Anna and Harry C. Eldridge. They will be winners on your program. Ain't It The limit? Botkia nuvbar en Ym Ask khml Your Fixins I soc \l Santa Sbuldn't Come To Mc _ Yn Bees And Had Pae Measles f "so Both in one aiMaber I Wish I Had A Ckger-cake Both in 50c I me Up y In A Tfej Both in on« Bomher Wlien Da% Took Me Up , ^^ EUdridge Entertainment House FRANKUm, OHIO also DENVER. COLO. 944 S. L^eras Si. Vfe ■ I Progressive Agricultural Programs BY MIGNON QUAW (LFniversity of Montana) Contains Complete Programs Furthering the Interests of Agriculture^ PRICE Paper 60c, Cloth $1.00 Copyright 1922, Eldridge Entertainment House. PUBLISHED BY ELDRIDGE ENTERTAINMENT HOUSE Franklin, Ohio Denver, Colo. 944 S. Logan St. Ci-. <■■■ C ':^ C}A6y387'J UlL oC ,^2c CO INDEX PAGE Vegetable Program ---4 Livestock Program on the Pure-Bred - - 22 Silos and Silage Program 36 Agriculture in High Schools 56 Program on Child Feeding 83 Program for Bird Day 109 Vegetable Program Suggestions for Popularizing Vegetables In Schools: Have pupils write language lessons about vegetables. Have them make posters vv^ith vege- tables. One-minute talks about vegetables would be good. Ofl'er a simple prize for the child that finds out the most interesting fact about vegetables during the week. Have each child pledge himself to try to ciit with relish some vegetable he or she has formerly disliked. Give a prize for the best vegetable game that is in- vented. Have pupils write vegetable letters, praising vegetables to some far-distant friend. In Towns: Get dealers interested in boosting sale of vegetables. Have them get up special window dis- plays of vegetables, laying particular emphasis on their health value. Also have them work up special interest in gardening and seeds from a vegetable standpoint. If the Extension worker has many fine recipes new and especially good, for the preparation of the most common vegetables, get them mimeographed and put them on the counters of grocery stores for distribution to the cus- tomers. Home Economics girls from high school and pub- lic school could conduct demonstrations in these stores, showing new and appetizing v/ays to cook vegetables. Give everybody who enters a sample. Th.e dealers will usually be glad to furnish the vegetables free of charge. In dowri-town v.-indows, demonstrations of vege- tables could be carried on. A fine program might be ar- ranged such as: 1st day: vegetables for the babies, their preparation, etc.; 2nd day: vegetables for the sick; 3rd day: vegetables for the ordinary meal; 4th day: new ways of preparing common vegetables ; 5th day : compar- ative food value of vegetables and other foods. Well-knovvn doctors could write vegetable articles 4 Progressive Agricultural Programs for the local newspaper. Testimonials could also be ob- tained from nurses, experienced housewives, home eco- nomics teachers, etc. If the school is putting on the program they might write a vegetable invitation to members of the com- munity to attend this program. Such an invitation might be written on a piece of paper and colored to re- semble a potato, a beet, a carrot, etc. Rhymes always please, so the following rhyme might be written on it: The time has come, the neighbors say, to talk of many things: Of parsnips, peas, and spinach, and cabbage fit for kings. And though you may not carrot all for on- ions, corn and beans, And up to yet have never met the famous "vitameens," We're asking you to beet it to the school house, if you will, And lettuce demonstrate to you the good old "vegetabil." (Hour of meeting) (Day of meeting) Decorations : The decorations about the walls should get people into a "vegetable frame of mind." A few pla- cards will do this best of all. Such things as "Why take a tonic in the spring? Why not eat greens instead?" "How many jars of vegetables did you can last summer, Mrs. Housewife?" "How many kinds of vegetables did you refuse to eat?" "The vegetable is one of our best friends — cultivate it." "A fine vegetable garden means a healthy family." People looking at such signs as these will begin to talk vegetables before the program begins. Their interest is sharpened by this conversation with their neighbors. Another good thing is to ask each woman and man to describe the preparation of their fav- orite vegetable. To describe the preparation of the one they like least. Progressive Agricultural Programs Program Chairman — (He may be dressed to resemble a po- tato. A brown sack of gingham, denim, or bnrlap would make this garment. It sJiould have darker brown eyes marked, out on it.) Ladies and gentlemen: We have but one subject on our program tonight and that is veg- etables. They ("we" if this part is taken by Mr. Po- tato) feel that too long has the vegetable been neglected. And we wish to show you how valuable an article of our diet it is and get you interested in a bigger, better gar- den than you had last summer, and more cans of vege- tables on your shelves ready for winter use. First of all, (Mr. or Miss Onion, if vegetables take this pait) will lead you in some songs. Mr. Onion was chosen as he has such a strong voice. Community Singing I Costume of Onion : Have a little cap drawn up in a peak at the top like the neck of a dried onion. Costume should be pals yellow with ribs of brown.) You folks know that I stay with you, all right. I am no quitter, am I ? And I ought to be able to lead this singing for I've plenty of scents. The first song we're going to sing is a well-known tune, "Bringing in the Sheaves." You all know it. Now, I am going to beat time and give you the key. ( Suggestions for song : Have it copied on heav>' wrapping paper in large black lettering and held up by two tall men or have it typewritten and present each one in the audience with a copy so they may all sing. A good little souvenir would be a booklet cut like some vegetable with these songs written in it.) Vegetables to Eat Tune — "Bringing in the Sheaves." Celery for breakfast, spinach greens for dinner, And a dish of cabbage in the dewey eve, Make our cheeks grow rosy; make our spirits brighter, Filling us with vitamines from the growing leaves. Progressive Agricultural Programs Chorus: In the growing leaves, green and growing leaves, We all need the vitamines, in the growing leaves. Grow them in the garden, serve them at the meal- time. For their vitamines our spirt often grieves, Spinach, eat it freely; lettuce, eat a plenty; In our daily diet, we must have the leaves. (Chorus:) Can them for the winter; store them in the cellar; Serve them to the children; 'twill your mind relieve, For you will be certain that they will be getting Necessary vitamines found in growing leaves. {Chorus:) {Better tell everybody hoiv to pronounce vitamine. Vy-ta-mi7i. Then they ivHl all sing the same ivord.) Leader — Fine, folks, that was just fine. Now, our next song is to the tune of "Tramp, tramp, tramp." Let me hum it through while you read over the words of the song. {They run through song in silence ivhile leader hums air.) If You're Feeling Bad Tu7ie — "Tramp, Tramp, Tramp." When you're feeling down and out with dyspepsia, nerves and gout. When your liver fails to function as it should. All the patent dopes you've tried, all the different "paths" beside, Never, never found a thing that does you good. Chorus : You need carrots in your diet, onions, beets and spin- ach greens, AH your ills will fade away, If you eat a lot each day Of these vegetables so full of vitamines. Progressive Agricultural Programs Parsnips, fried or fricaseed; rutabagas? yes, indeed! Lettuce, turnips, and a stalk of celery, With tomatoes, corn and beans. (Don't forget the spinach greens!) From your aches and pains will surely set you free. Char lis: Veg-ee-tables in our diet, Swiss chard, kale and other gi*eens, Just to keep our systems right, Make us feel good day and night, By supplying the important vitamines. Leade) — Ihat is all we shall sing today. If you people ate vegetables with the enthusiasm with which you sing about them, there would be few mal-nourishsd ones among us. Chairman — That singing was surely good. By its vigor, I'm sure that you are all friends here of us vege- tables. The next number on our program is a demon- stration showing a vegetable factory at work. Sweet corn will give us this demonstration. I don't have to introduce her for you know her very well. A Vegetable Factory {Suggestions for costuming: — The tone of this cos- tume is yellow and green. A little yellow dress, reaching to the feet and marked off into kernels, with a green over-dress open at the sides to show the kernels, could he worn. Soft yarn could fall fram the head like corn silk and take tlie place of hair.) Ladies and gentlem^en : From the time I was a tiny seed in the ground, I have been running a big food fac- tory. That's pretty good for a girl three months old, isn't it? I haven't been on a single strike, either, or had one lockout. As for an eight-hour day, I don't know such a thing. My day is twenty-four hours long. The first thing I did was to take up moisture from the soil, swell up and burst. I'll admit I was very proud and that is what made me burst, I presume. When I burst, I Progressive Agricultural Programs sent down some roots and sent up some shoots. This is just what you men do when you build the foundation of your factories and install machinery. I did not lose much time. I was put into the ground the middle of May and in just one week mj^ shoot was above the ground. Of course I had two good workers; heat and moisture, to help me. The minute the shoot was up I took on a w^onderful helper, Mr. Sun. I had no need of light before. Now, when I got above ground, light was very necessary to me. I wish to call attention to a leaf of mine. {Shows a leaf of corn stalk.) On this under side there are thousands of little gates, let us call them, through which I take in carbon from the air. I call them gates because they open and shut. Whenever the weather is cool and there is plenty of moisture pumped up by the lea'-es, they open ; but when the v.'eather is dry and very hot and there is danger of the leaves losing their moisture by evaporation, the little gates close tightly. Meantime my roots are pumping up water from the soil. When this water meets the carbon in these gates of the leaf, the sun gets busy and joins them, making starch, just as a factory worker mixes copper and tin and makes brass. Then I immediately send this starch out all over my factory — to the roots, shoots, stems and leaves. The roots, at the same time they pump up water, are pumping up some minerals from the soil. These go especially into my seeds and fruits, and into the framework of the leaves. This makes them grow and enlarge my factory. The bigger the plant gets, the faster it can manufacture food. You see I am working toward one end, and that is to produce an ear of corn. After that I can shut down and quit. W^hen my starch is first. put into a seed, it is moist and milky. It is a good vegetable then, but would never do for winter storage, as it w'ould not keep. Hence I must dry the starch in the seed. I tell the roots to lay off at their pumping and so the moisture is gradually withdrawn. Of course this is hard on the leaves They wither up 10 Progressive Agricultural Programs and die — but you see the great thing is the ear of corn, and so I pay no attention. In October or thereabouts, I have a fine ear of corn manufactured for seed and for food. In my seeds or kernels there is stored up the starch made by my leaves and the minerals pumped up by the roots. And as there is no further use for my fac- tory, I let it wither up and die. Chairman — The story of Miss Corn is like that of all the vegetables. Their factories produce starch and mineral matter. But just as textile factories can put out different styles and patterns of materials, so the vegetables differ in the minerals they contain. For in- stance, spinach has a high percentage of calcium, phos- phorus and iron; onions and cabbage contain much sul- phur; celery has calcium and phosphorus. We are new going to see what element vegetables contain that are needed by the body. (Mr. Body speaks.) If Miss Corn and the other veg- etables are busy running factories storing up food, I am the machine that makes use of the food they manufac- ture. Now any good machine that runs as steadily as I do must be kept up in good shape; all its parts must be renewed and strengthened from time to time. This is what the mineral does which Miss Corn spoke of. These are the body minerals I need: calcium, magnesium, so- dium,, potasium, sulphur, phosphorus, iron, chlorine, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, iodine, fluorine, sil- icon. Iron goes to make up blood, calcium and phos- phorus go into bones. Calcium is also necessary for coagulation of the blood. You know how doctors say that lack of iodine is the cause of goitre. These minerals af- fect me in a most mysterious fashion. And most of them I 7nust get from vegetables. I cannot get iron by eating nails or sulphur by eating matches. Now, you have been singing of vitamines. They are very mysterious things found in vegetables, that are vitally necessary to health and vitality and keeping this human engine running. Experiments have been made Progressive Agricidtural Programs 11 on guinea pigs in which they are kept frcm eating green things and they grow weak and sickly. They need vitamines. These vitamines are found in cabbage, tur- nips, beets and carrots and canned tomatoes. AH of the green vegetables, such as spinach, contain these mys- terious vitamines. Another thing vegetables do is to keep my system cleaned out and running properly. You know what it means to let a furnace get clogged up with ashes. Bulky vegetables act just like a chimney sweeper who takes his broom and cleans out the clogged mate- rial from the chimney. My machine has over forty feet of piping called intestines. Now these must be swept and cleaned or they get clogged up. Bulky vegetables — cabbage, celery, spinach and the like, do this for me. That has to do with keeping the engine in repair. Now as to its running and doing the work required of it. Every engine must have fuel and some engines must have heat. Now my engine needs both. Starch fur- nishes this energy and heat. Potatoes, carrots, peas and beans in particular furnish me with this starch. I'll warrant you every man here knows how necessary it is to feed his cattle green stuff and bulky food to keep them in good condition. Human machines are built on the same principle. I heard a lady say the other day that her doctor had ordered her to take a strong tonic with lots of iron in it. Why doesn't tl vt same lady eat more vegetables that are strong in iron? Eating vege- tables is Nature's way and is best. Chairman — My, they are mysterious, these vita-> mines! Our next number is a song by some of the Greens. This family is a very large one and not all of them could be present tonight. But Misses Spinach, Dan- delion, Russian Thistle, and Mustard are here. Some of you may rather dislike Miss Dandelion and Miss Mus- tard and think they are nothing but bad weeds. I want to say right now, they make the best of greens. If you want to get rid of them, just can them. 12 Progressive Agricultural Programs Quartette by the Greens (Suggestions for costuming — Make these costumes of tissue paper, sewing it to the dresses of the little girls who take part. Dandelion should be a many-petalled, yellow blossom; Russian TJiistle is thinno- and taller, and entirely green: Spinadi has a toucli of red among the green; Mustard is a ifcllou- blossoin of four petals. They all march out on the stage together. If possible, have them do some easy little dance step to the music as they enter.) Tune — "My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean." As weeds we have long masqueraded, And only a few wise ones knew How useful we were in the diet. Or learned all the good things we do. Chorus: Sweeping, sweeping, all of the bodily trash away. Sweeping, sweeping, cleansing the system each day. But that is not all of the blessing, We're able to give to mankind ; We also are good lubricators, And old Mother Nature designed. Chorus: Lu-bri-ca-ting, all of the body machin-ery, Lu-bri-ca-ting, keeping it running sn^ioothly From out of our mineral content. For bodily needs we provide. Help build up the bones and the muscles, The tissues and organs inside. Chorus: Building, building, keeping the framework in good repair. Building tissues, putting the minerals there. Chairman — Well, I shall never look on a dandelion as the worthless weed I used to think it was. And now vre come to another phase of vegetables. I imagine some Progressive Agricultural Programs 13 people in the audience are thinking to themselves right now, "Oh, I simply hate greens. I never could eat them." Here is one great obstacle to overcome in the eating of vegetables, and that is a dislike for certain ones. — is going to give us a little discussion of this subject and suggest some ways to overcome this prejudice. A Dislike for Food Nature starts all us animals with a hearty liking for the food we need. Experiments have shown if a self- feeder is provided for hogs where they are able to select from many different kinds of food, they always pick out the right amounts of each to keep themselves in good condition. It is a sad fact that few human beings use the good judgment of pigs in their eating. They grum- ble over the foods that are necessary for their healthy development, saying, "I don't like milk," "I can't bear eggs," "I never taste a mouthful of cabbage." Nature started us out all right. If w^e have gone wrong in the matter of eating it is our ov/n fault. Much of this dis- taste for food is im.itation. A small child, hearing its parents say they do not like onions, decides he does not like them either, and so he forms the habit of not liking them. Dislike for food very closely resembles a dislike of people. You can find good in every human being if you will only take time to find it out. Begin with little children and teach them to eat what is set before them without comment. Resolve to eat a certain food with real enjoyment ;taste it slowly; chew it well. The cook of the family can overcome many prejudices toward veg- etables by preparing them in different fashions. Much of our pleasure in food comes from the dainty look of it. Few people care for green peas served with a thick, lumpy, unseasoned mass of milk gravj^ heaped all over them. Take some vegetable you are not fond of — cab- bage, onions, carrots, spinach, bests, potatoes, corn — make up your mind you will try to get truly acquainted with him and see v/hat kind of a fellow he really is. Do not force yourself to do this. Just make up your mind 14 Progressive Agriculeural Programs it is a trifling matter anyhow, of no consequence to any- body but you; get interested in talking of pleasant things at the table to the other diners ; take a small mouthful of Mr. Vegetable; think to yourself, "Why, I really like this!"; fi-nish the helping; above all, don't think you have done anything heroic. You are just dis- playing a little of the common sense your brother ani- mal, the pig, possesses. And, now, in this connection, let me show you a little scene called "The Punishment" (As speaker finishes, the curtain goes np and dis- closes a dinner table[ with several people eating together — father, mother, son and daughter.) Father — (throwing down fork) Heavens! Pota- toes! Again! When I simply can't stand them, {He ■pushes dish away.) Son — (imitating him) Don't push them over to me. I hate them, too. Mother — (timidly) I'm sorry. I just don't know what to cook any more, somehow. Nobody seems to like anything. Daughter — Yes they do. Pass those pickles. Father — What's in this dish? {Looks in.) .On- ions I Son — Onions ! Daughter — Onions ! Mother- — They told us at the club the other day v/hat a fine thing they were for keeping the body in good condition. Daughter — Mother! You learn more weird things at that old club of yours. The onion is simply impossible. Nobody in the best circles uses it any more. Why, to have the odor of onion on my breath would simply ostra- cize me at school. Son — Pass the catsup. Progressive Agricultural Programs 15 Father — Well, I'm taking a tonic from now on. Doc- tor says my system needs more iron. Mother — Why don't you eat spinach instead? It's got iron in it. Father — Spinach! I can't stand vegetables of any kind. Mother — How does the tonic taste? Father — Oh, it is just miserable tasting stuff. Mother — Well, spinach isn't any worse and yet you will pay a doctor and take a whole bottleful of medicine and not try one dish of spinach. Daughter — Spinach! Ish! That is regular cow feed. Pass the red pepper, please. No, I think, Mother, dear, you are out of date. I believe the vegetable is like the ear — it has disappeared. Son — Pass the meat, please, Father. Mother — Well, I wish one of you folks had to cook for this family for a few days. You don't like eggs and you don't like milk and you refuse to eat vegetables and you turn up your noses at rice and beans. I think you are just a lot of fussy old maids. You deserve to be starved till you'll be willing to eat anything, (She flounces out of the room.) Daughter — Why, how funny! Mother is usually so good tempered. So7i — (yaivning) The onion she ate strengthened her temper. Father — Well, I've got to go take my tonic right after dinner. {Curtain is drawn. Table is cleared, and family is shown sitting about table again.) Father — Well, well, where's the food? Daughter — We've been waiting fully ten minutes. Son — Mother, oh, Mother! Where's the dinner? (In comes a tall figure dressed in black. It has d pale face and skinny hands.) 16 Progressive Agrlei'Itural Prourams Father — Who are you? Figure — I am Hunger. Your wife has hired me to attend to the family for a week. She has gone on a visit. Son — Hunger? I never met you before. Well, get a move on. Where are the eats? Hinujcr — Here. (Puts a hare plate 07i table.) rjancjliter — Nothing! Well, that's a great way to serve us I FLunger — You don't deserve any better treatment. Such kickers as you people deserve to starve. Son — Oh, well, we weren't very hungry anyvv'ay. Father — I'll give each one of you children a spoon- ful of my tonic. Dangliter — Nothing doing \ CURTAIN (TJie speaker who introdnced this aet eomes out to audience and says: "My fiiends, ire u:iU consider that twenty-four Jiours have passed since th.is last scene.") (Curtain pulled aside.) Father — Hunger! Hurry u]) with our dinner. We are Ijusy people and nuist get back to work. Daughter — I should say so. I'll be late for school. Son — Weil, I wish Mother would get buck. She's a great one, going off and leaving us like this! {Hunger appears uAtJi a dish of cabbage.) Father — Cabbage ! Son — Cabbage! Daughter — Cabbage ! Hunger — Have some? Father — I tell you I simply can't eat it. It makes me sick. Daughter — I hate the very smell of it. Take it away ! Son — Feed for cattle! Nothing else. CURTAIN Progressive Agricultural Programs 17 r (Speaker says: "Thirty-six hours have passed.") {Curtain pulled aside.) Mother — {Sits at table dishing out food) Sorry, dears, but I have only the things you don't like for din- ner today. Daughter — What? (She looks eagerly at her moth- er.) Mother — Vveil, potatoes, onions — Father — Who "said I didn't like potatoes? Sow— I never said I didn't like onions. Hurry, Mother, I'm starved to death. Daughter— Me, too. (Passes plate.) Mother — But, my dear, your breath — Daughter — Bother my breath. I'll stay av/ay from people. Besides that, I think that is all nonsense. Father — Did you ever taste anything more delicious than these potatoes? Son — Say, have you had a bite of the onions? Daughter — I never, never, never ate such a v/on- derful meal, Mother, dear. Father — Did you know. Mother, that vegetables are rich in iron? Well, they are, and I'm going to eat them as a tonic from now on. Mother — Are you, dear? How nice! CURTAIN Ciiairman—lt is true that any distaste for food may be overcom.e by starvation. Do you mothers know that in big hospitals little children who won't drink milk are starved till they will take it? This sounds very harsh, but it is wise, after all, for just one starving time is sufficient. Of course there are very few people who will take this method, for it means a struggle and hardship. In Roumania the little children were all starved for fats in their diet. A ship came into harbor laden with cod liver oil. Now, you all know the nasty taste of this oil. 18 Progressive Agricultural Programs These children were so starved for fats that they took the oil with positive relish. We now come to a great mysterious element in food called the Vitamines. Their presence was only recently discovered. There are three vitamines and they are now going to tell you who they are. The Vitamines . Fat Soluble A: SuggesUoyis for Costuming — Have each one of tlic three bring in the ki^ids of food in which they are contained, such as A has a carrot, a sweet po- tato^ an egg, some cheese, butter, etc.; B has some of the natural foods; C. has raw foods. As they mention these foods, have tlicm hold them up to the audience. A recites — • They call me simply Little A, I'm soluble in fat; Just do v/ithout me every day, And see where you'll be at. I'm found in cream and butter fat; If my presence you would tell — Oh, Just choose eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables That may be colored yellow. I'm needed for your proper growth; I know this funny seems, But, as they've yellow in them, too, I'm found in spinach greens. Chairman — I wish to stop this dialogue for a mom- ent to point out one or two more things about Little A. An exp'Oriment was made on two rats of the same age. One was given plenty of this element and made a rapid growth; the other was kept from it and never grew at all. In Europe, many of the children in the famJne- stricken countries are suffering from eye trouble. This vitamine seems to be strongly connected v/ith eye dis- orders. Rickets also mr.y be connected with it — but of that scientists are not yet r -'.re. Many laborers in rough Progressive Agricultural Programs 19 lumber camps and other places where fresh fruits and vegetables are hard to get develop eye trouble. Water Soluble B— My name is only Little B, I'm Vitamine's small daughter, You surely must have lots of me; I'm soluble in water. I'm found in most all natural foods, Whole cereals, cabbage, yeast. And fruits and onions, turnips, too, On me you all should feast. I regulate your body and I keep it healthy, too; And give you all an appetite — This is the work I do. Chairman — I am going to add a vv^ord to what B has said about herself. You all know what a boom yeast has had because of its health-giving qualities. Well, none of us would have to eat yeast if we would just eat more vegetables, for they contain this vitamine. The organs of the body are continually wasting away because of the fact that they are continually working. Therefore, they need rebuilding. This Vitamine helps build them up. Water Soluble C— My name j^ou'll guess, is simply C, I'm soluble in water, too; From spring fever I'll set you free, Oh, lots of things I do. I'm found in vegetables and fruits. Especially in cabbage slaw, But heating drives me quite a wa.y, So you should eat me raw. Eat some raw food once every day. Raw lettuce, carrots, fruit. An onion, parsley, celery, Whate'er your taste may suit. 2U Progressive Agrici'Itiiral Programs All— In your future eating, friends, No matter where the scenes, Please don't forget you owe your health To us three Vitamines. Chairman — As to little C, remem])er, folks, that canned tomatoes and orange juice contain them, and that cold slaw, especially, has much of this element in it. Remember also that heat drives them away — all but the heating of tomatoes. That is rather mysterious, but it is true. Now, bottle-fed babies have their milk heated; this drives out this vitamine. The babies need this ele- ment that is gone or th.ey will get the scurvy, '^he thing, therefore, to do with them is to supply it in som.e other form. Give them orange juice, and if you haven't any oranges, give them the juice of canned tomatoes, A tiny baby two months old can ta;:c n tcarpoonful of or- ange juice. If the baby doesn't v.T.nt it, compel it to take the juice of the tomato or orange by holding its nose. Arctic explorers, especially, feci the need of this ele- ment. You all know how men vp in Alaska or tlie frigid zones get the scu.rvy. This is because they have no raw foods. Vrhy, in some places a raw potato is worth any amount of money. I wish everyliody here M^ould have as their motto, "One raw food per day." And now we will have a few i^ointers on the grov\'ing of some of these good vegetables. Some Pointers on How to Grovv Greens Ladies and gentlemen: You probal)ly realise now, if you ciid not before, the value of a garden and espe- cially of the green leafy plants — lettuce, mustard, spin- ach, cabbage, etc. So a few pointers on how to grow them i)est will, I know, be welcome. The best spinach can be grown from a fall seeding in late August or Sep- tember, by throv.'ing a little straw over the plants for winter protection. That can be done for 1923. But for 1922, the best we can do is to seed early and often. At least six seedings of .spinach should be made at intervals 21 Progressive AgricnlUiral Progiams ; of ten clays, the first seeding as soon as tho ground can be worked. Plant less and oftener. Raise pleaty for canning-. Of lettuce, make at least four seedings, and of radishes three. In fact, all garden vegetables that are eaten young, fresh and tender should be sown in succes- sion. Three seedings of peas, and two of beans, carrots and beets are best. Lettuce that may chance to get too old and bitter should be cut and fed to the chickens, and a young tender second growth will be secured. For winter storage: A 50-foot row of well-grown carrots or salsify will give you one to two bushels; of beets, rutabagas or turnips, two or three bushels. A similar row of witloof chicory will give an abundance of winter greens during January, February and iMarch, when planted in the cellar every two weeks. In fact, there is no good reason why we don't all have plenty of greens and vegetables the year round now since we have learned all about them. Chairman — Ladies and gentlemen: This concludes our program. But we hate to have it just end with no definite results. You all have seen the benefits of vege- tables. I wish we could all sign up tonight that we will put in a vegetable garden, and when the products are ready, that we will either can or store them for winter use. (// possible, pass about slips of paper and have per- sons sign up for gardens.) Refreshments (Here is ivhere vegetables are served in attractive forms.) Livestock Program on the Pure-Bred DATA FURNISHED BY C. N. ARNETT AND G. L. CLELAND of the ANIMAL HUSBANDRY DEPARTMENT Introductory Speech by Chairman Community Singing Talk on Breeds of Animals Discussion on Breeds of Animals Calisthenics Talk on Prize Winning Stock by Boys' and Girls' Club Youngster Talk: "Does the Pure-Bred Pay?" Recitation : "Sob Story o fan old Stockman" Dialogue on "Economical Feeding" Competitive Livestock Game Refreshments List of Bulletins for Obtaining Information 22 Livestock Program on the Pure-Bred This program has been prepared with the idea oi arousing community interest in the subject of livestock. In a great many communities a few men whose business interests lie in the livestock industry meet together throughout the v/inter to carry on live stock projects in the Farm Bureau. By skillfully sugar coating the work they have to do, they might just as well enlist the in- terest and co-operation of everybody in the community, men, women and children. It is an axiom that men are only boys grown tall. If a program can be filled full of laughter, variety and something that will appeal to ev- erybody, you can depend upon it that the next time an- other such meeting is held each person present at the first one will come and bring a friend. So why not m.ake livestock a fine winter game in your community? Planning is half the success of any enterprise. This program is prepared with the intention of helping you with your planning. Use some, none, or all of it — it is undeniable that even if you violently disagree with sug- gestions made here, those same suggestions have started your mind into similar channels and will help you evolve a program of your own. Livestock is a tremendous subject and may be ap- proached from a thousand charming angles, each one of which could be made the subject for a pleasant evening of entertainment. For instance: One could take up one evening on just the different breeds of beef cattle; of sheep; the question of sheep on the small farm; of breeds of swine; of dairy cattle; of feeds and feeding; of community owned sires; of pure-bred stock vs. the 23 24 Pro(jii.ssivf Agricultural Programs grade animal; of marketing; of horses. If you talk, sin&, laugh and eat the substantial Duroc Jersey for an entire evening, you may depend upon it that administra- tions may come and go, international events may fade away into obscurity, but never will that porky animal be forgot. The particular livestock program that follows is general — its object is to arouse interest in the entire question of livestock and therefore it is concerned with Breeding and Feeding. An effort has been made to pro- vide something which will interest the women and chil- dren, for it is not a square deal to invite them to come and be bored to death with heavy discussions and pure business. An effort has also l)een made to inject var- iety into it. If the audience has been sitting still for some time, let them move about. If there has been a good deal of talking, stop and have some singing. If there has been a rather serious atmosphere for some time, break it with a good hearty laugh and best of all, send everybody away happy because of having had some- thing to eat. If you wish to secure a livestock specialist or an outside speaker for this program, be sure and tell him what angle you wish him to talk from and also hoin much time is allotted to him. He will thank you for this, as no man wants to talk and miss the mark Itecause he does not know what the community is especially in- terested in. There is no well-chosen subject on earth which cannot bo pretty well discussed in thirty minutes of straight talking on the part of the speaker. After that, let him pause and allow people to ask questions. There is a universal rebellion in town and country against the old-time three-hour harangue, which left the audience numb and exhausted. We have tried to get a great many people in the community involved in this program, for if there is one person we are :.ll interested in. it is ourselves, and if we get a chance to express ourselves in some fashion at a Progressive Agricultural Programs 25 meeting we are convinced that it was a most successful event. "Make it snappy" is a modern slang phrase which spells success in every program. Vaudeville performers realize this as the prime essential in their offerings and it is remarkable what they can accomplish in the twenty minutes allotted to them. The chairman should be full of pep. On him depends the speed with which the pro- gram moves. He should avoid reading the numbers on the program, but if perchance he is obliged to do this he should arm himself with a first class light so he can read smoothly and with ease. Every speaker on the program should make an effort to he heard. This is not difficult if just a little care is given to the matter : clear enuncia- tion is the great essential and directing the voice straight at the audience. Too often speakers turn to the side, turn to point toward the rear of the stage or talk down at their feet, and the audience loses what they are say- ing. All this may sound rather self-evident and didac- tic, but it is not advanced in any spirit of arrogance; only a great desire to see the most successful possible program presented. Chairman — Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls: A few miles from one of the largest cities of Indiana is a little town that can't be reached by the steam railroads. Yet, on a single day this summer, enthusiastic buyers from almost every state in the Union sought it out and paid it a visit. What's more, in that single day they spent in that little fresh-water hamlet, one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, currency of the realm ! The an- swer — pure breds! That is our subject this evening — ■ the pure-bred viewed from every angle. Feeding him, breeding him — everything about him. We want the la- dies to participate in our discussions and the boys and girls also, for it is the boys and girls who are going to carry on the farming business after we old folks are dead and gone. Most every number on this program is one in which everybody can take part and that is particu- 2G Progressice Aijricuitxral Programs larly true of the first thing we are going to do, which is to sing. is going to lead us in this good old pastime. Let's sing just like they used to do in the good singing school of our grandfathers and grandmothers. Community Singing Suggestions for this: Have the words of these songs copied on heavy wrapping paper in large black let- tering. To do this a bottle of printer's ink is required, and a camel's hair brush, each of which cost 25 cents at any sta.tionery store. Hang the strips of paper, one over the other on a clothes line across the front of the stage where they will be well lighted. This enables the audience to see clearly the words of the songs they are going to sing and is advantageous in another way, as it keeps their heads up and makes their voices carry bet- ter. The leader should start with a familiar song that will encourage the audience. He (or she) should know the words of every song to be sung. There is everything in self-confidence, and even though his knees are tremb- ling he should conceal this fact and assume an air of calm assurance that his audience will sing and sing well. He ; hould give the key to the singers so that they will be singing true, and beat time so they will stay together. As these songs are unfamiliar as to words, it would be very wise to read or sing them over once first so the aud- ience may see just what they are. A good thing would be to sing one or two of them twice. And a further good precaution is to have some staunch friends on front seats who will give their unqualified moral and musical support. Leader of Singing — Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls. I have here some songs about livestock which we are going to sing. will play for us, I am going to beat the time and I know we are going to make a fine singing bee of this. Our first song is to the tune of which you all know very well. I shall read over the words first so you may all see of what they Pror/ressive A(iricidt ural Pyogram.-^ 27 consist. They are supposed to be quite funny — at least I was told by the author that they were funny. Gone Are The Days Tune— "Old Black Joe" Gone are the days when the rangy scrub I raised,, Gone are those days, and I say Oh, heaven be praised! Gone are those days, for the pure-bred now I grow, I learned just how to do it in the Farm Bureau. Cho) i(s — They're growing, they're growing, Tho my bank account be low, My pure-bred stock will raise it — Thanks to Farm Bureau. Pure-Bred Stock Tu7ie — "Sivanee River" Down on my farm in County, I've got some stock. My market price for them is steady — firm as Gibral- ter's Rock, All my neighbors wonder how I do it — Gee! how I laugh ! When I get full three hundred dollars for each small yearling calf. Chon/s — All my stock's becoming pure-bred, I always have a buyer. All my success is due to one thing — my pure-bred (Jersey, Holstein, Guernsey) sire. Cows Tune — "Smiles" There are cows that make you happy There are cows that make you blue, There are Hereford cows that make good beefsteak. There are cows of dual purpose, too, There are soft-eyed Guernseys, gentle Ayreshires, That are everything a cow should be. 28 Progi-essive Agricultural Prograw But, when it comes to giving milk, sir. Why, the Holstein's the cow for me! Bovine Prohibition Tunc — -"Long Trail" Oh, the cows in our community got an awful streak one day, They joined the W. C. T, U. and resolved no more to stray ; It was regular local option, I recall it v/ith a sigh, The day our cows all organized and voted to go dry. Chairman — That sursly sounded fine. If we talk as well as we sing, we surely ought to have a fine meeting. The next number on our program is a series of five-min- ute talks on the subject of breeds of animals. We're go- ing to take to talk about. \Htre take up the kind of animals that the commuuifij is fjiost interested in — coivs, dairy and beef; pigs; sheep; }iors;_s. Have each man instrux-ted to advance in the fiv minutes his argu- ments in favor of his favorite breed.) It v^ill be inter- '. 14. Strongly flavored silage tends to taint the milk; this can be prevented by feeding the silage immediately after milking. Bulletins on Silos Construction of a Silo; West Virginia, Bulletin, No. 129. Pit Silos; U. S. Farmers' Bulletin, No. 825. The Silo and Its Use; Missouri Bulletin No. 133. Homemade Silos; Montana Extension Bulletin No. 21. Pit, Semipit and Bank Silos; Nebraska Bulletin No. 39. Silo Construction ; Iowa Experiment Station Bulle- tin No. 189. Modern Silos Used in Nebraska; Nebraska Exten- sion Bulletin No. 40. Filling the Silo; Nebraska Extension Bulletin No. 21. Filling the Silo; Missouri Extension Circular No. 5. Progressive Agricultural Programs 55 Bulletins on Growing and Feeding Sunflowers Growing and feeding Sunflowers in Montana; Mon- tana Experiment Station Bulletin No. 131. Silage vs. Grain for Dairy Cows. Ohio Agr. Ex- periment Station, Bulletin No. 155. Winter Rations for Dairy Heifers ; Missouri Agr. Experiment Station Bulletin No. 158. Corn Silage, Silage the Keystone of Economical Cat- tle Feeding; Indiana Agr. Experiment Station Bulletin No. 235. Corn Silage in Rations for Fattening Steers; Mis- souri Agr. Experiment Station Bulletin No. 150 Corn Silage and Alfalfa for Beef Production; Ne- braska Agr. Experiment Station No. 151. Sheep Feeding; Indiana Agr. Exp. Station Bulletins 179, 221, 202. The Value of Silage in the Winter Ration for the Breeding Flock; New Hampshire Agr. Exp. Station, Circular No. 16. Feeding Lambs in the Fall; Nebraska Agr. Exp. Station Bulletin No. 167. Corn Silage for Winter Feed of Ewes and Young Lambs; Indiana Agr. Exp. Station Bulletin 147. Rations for Breeding Ewes; Missouri Agr. Exp. Station Bulletin No. 120. Agriculture In High Schools Suggestions for Arrangements It is a very good thing to get the audience into an agricultural frame ol mind before the program begins. To do this, nothing could be better than to have upon the walls placards with agricultural slogans on them. These could be printed on white paper in big black let- tering and be short and to the point. Such things as "Agriculture is the longest trail in the world"; "Theory and practice must go hand in hand"; "As ye reap, so shall ye sow — sow pure seed"; "The farmer is the Atlas of the world"; etc., etc. A very fine exhibit of interesting agricultural work done by the high school could be arranged upon the walls and on tables near the front of the stage. Such things as grains, manual training work, samples of soils, ger- mination tests for seeds, etc. The agricultural teacher should be able to think of many fine and interesting ex- hibits that will show how much his boys are learning. All of these should be made as self-explanatory as pos- sible and have big signs on them to attract attention. This is a fine practice in advertising. The test of this program is that you should send everybody out de- lighted with agriculture and with the boys who put the program on. Make the other pupils in the high school wish they were taking the Agricultural course. If there is a printing press in the high school, why not have printed programs? Advertise and get your audience out to hear this program. Every boy should make it his business to see that at least five farmers from his community come in to Progressive Agricultural Programs 57 see this program. Posters in windows, good write-ups in the local newspaper, announcements at public gath- erings are fine ways of advertising meetings. But noth- ing is so effective as the personal invitation over the phone or by a personal letter. This will be a good pro- gram and you should be assured that you will have a big audience to play to. "Make the program snappy" — this is the motto of vaudeville performers. Make it yours. You can make your program move with professional quickness by the following methods: Be sure that every speaker is closely heard to the most remote corners of the room. Practice speaking loud enough from the very start. Enunciate clearly. Be careful of the ends of your sentences and do not make them like this : "Agriculture is the most important subjeees tha zzzzzzrrrrrrr — " Place your voice on your lips and teeth, do not let it lodge far back in your throat. Remember, the aud- ience that cannot hear, promptly loses interest. Another thing, have every act right on the minute. Just as soon as the chairman has announced a number, have it appear — no long waits. Have your program full of variety. Chairman — Ladies and gentlemen: Agriculture is the bulwark of our nation. If every farmer in the United States should go on a strike, in a very short time the country would be starving. There is no kind of la- bor we need more than that of the farmer. One ordinar- ily thinks that farming requires no scientific knowledge whatever — any old person can farm — make a failure of everything else and there still remains farming. This is not true. There is no line of business that is sur- rounded with more complications — the farmer has to be a specialist in many lines. And we are going to try to show you tonight a little of what high schools are doing 58 Progressive Agricidturol Programs in the teaching of agriculture to its students. We can only hope to touch a few of the high spots, for each one of the subjects on our program tonight could well be the subject of months of careful study and scientific re- search. But we want you all to go away with the feeling that agriculture is as interesting a line of work as you can find anywhere. Now the first thing on our program is going to be a community sing. We want you all to sing a little agriculture and get into an agricultural frame of mind. will lead us in this singing. Community Singing { Suggcstio7is: If this program takes place at night in the high school auditorium, have the songs written on glass slides in printer's ink and project them on a cur- tain with the stercopticon which all Physics departments contain. The song leader of course is standing in the dark, so have him, or her, carry a flash light to beat time with. The pianist should also have a good strong flash to see to play the accompaniments by. If the program takes place in the day time or there is no stereopticon, write the songs on wrapping paper in black printer's ink with a camel's hair brush. Make the letters of the song at least three inches high, so they may be plainly seen from the farthest corner of the room. The songs sug- gested here are made brief just so they will not require too much paper in the writing. Start with a familiar tune, always, in community singing, thus getting the confidence of your audience. The song leader should know the words by heart so he will not be obliged to turn and look at the song. Be sure and read them over first so people can see how they go, having the accompanist play as you do so. Better sing each song twice. Never beg an audience to sing. Walk out on the stage as though of course they were going to sing and they will catch your confidence. Beat time with few gestures and very sure ones. Be sure and give the right key to the aud- ience so they will all be on the key. Always tell them Progressive Agricultural Programs 59 when 3'ou are ready to sing. Be good natured and don't take yourself too seriously. Leader — Ladies and gentlemen : I saw in the paper the other day where one negro had assaulted another and cut him up quite badly. Both were hauled into court. The assailant was noted for his fine voice. So the judge said to him: "Sing for us, George, and then I'll pro- nounce your verdict." So George sang and sang so v/on- derfully that the unanimous opinion of the court was that he should go free, which he promptly did. Folks, everybody loves singing and most everybody can sing in some sort of a fashion. Now, I haven't much of a voice myself but I like to sing. Now then, let's see how well we can do on these songs I've got here tonight. The tunes are all familiar and we have written some paro- dies on the words and here they are, copied plainly on this wrapping paper. (Unwraps sorigs.) I am going to ask and (two men or boys) to hold up these songs for me so you all can see them. Can you all see? Well, will you move where you can? Now I'll read the words over for you while the pianist plays. ( He does so.) Have you all got the key? Very well — ready, go. [Then sing songs.) High School Agriculture Tu7ie — Long, Loyig Trail Oh, the high school course in farming Is a daisy, you'll agree, Before this program's over, And we want you all to see, Agriculture is the biggest thing You'll find this whole world through, So come with me, and I'll go down That long, long trail with you. Leader — Folks, that was good. Novv', let's take this song to the tune of "The Old Oaken Bucket." I'll read the words over first. (Caution — he careful or your aud- ience will get off the tune on this line : "We learn about soils, etc." Know the tune of the song well yourself.) 60 Progressive Agricultural Programs Theory and Practice Tune — "Old Oaken Bucket" Oh, theory's fine when it's linked up with practice, And that's what our high school is keeping in view. We study from text books, how things should be done, then Those same things we go and immediately do. We learn about soils, then we plov/ for our fathers. We study 'bout seeds, then those same seeds we sow. There're cattle and chickens and pigs, yes, and horses, We practice upon them the things that we know. Chorus — The old days of text books with no actual practice. Yes, all of those days in the discard must go. Leader — Our last song is to the tune of "Dixie" and I know you will find it a good stirring old one, especially if any of you are from the South. Come on, now, folks, make it snappy. Ready, go — Our Farmers Oh, the farming business is a great big thing, And a song of praise I'd like to sing. To the farmer — and his wife — and the rest who make it go. They feed the world and they clothe it, too, Why, what would all the others do. Without cotton, and wool, and meat and milk and fruit? Chorus — Oh, we cannot do without them, hooray, hooray. And so we'll sing about them and Proclaim that in this mighty land, I :We need — them more — than any other people.:] Leader — Thank you, my friends, for your fine sing- ing. Chairman — I want to echo what the song leader said. You certainly are good co-operators. We are go- ing to have a few community stunts tonight in which we Progressive Agricultural Programs 61 ask you all to participate. The next number on our pro- gram is our agricultural menu. High school courses of study are more or less like a meal — the cooks try to pre- pare a wholesome, well-balanced ration and to make it attractive. Now, we want you to see what you think of our educational menu. The High School Agricultural Menu {Suggestion: This can all be prepared before the program begins, so that it will not take aiiy time to set the stage and of course the curtains are drawn whiU^ the commu7iity song leader is busy with his work. Have four tables in a row across the stage. Seated at each of themi are four students. One table is to be labelled "Freshman", one "Sophomore", one "Junior", and one "Senior." As the curtains are drawn the diners are looking at menu cards. A waiter with the conventional napkin over his arm, comes in to the Freshman table. Each speaker in turn addresses him.) First- Waiter, in this bill of fare I see You offer animal husbandry. Waiter — Yes, sir, that is true. Secoml— And, waiter, may I ask of you, Just what this dish comprises; I Would like to know before I try. Waiter — Why, surely, sir. It takes the calf, The pig, the sheep, the 'horse — one-half You study from a charming text. Third— We do? Then what, I ask, is next? Waiter — ■ You learn to feed and house them right. To judge them, market them — C2 Progressive Agricultural Programs Fourth- Good night! How can you learn this from a book? Waiter — ■ Then on the actual stock you look, You visit farms, you do the work. There's not a single thing you shirk. First— Now, I see here a second meal, What's called Farm Shop Work, and I feel Confusion — nay, almost disorder, What is this thing — before I order? Waiter- Farm Shop Work, folks, means making racks. And wagon boxes, milk stools, jacks. Second — - I hate to say I'm such a fool, But I don't know how to make a stool. Waiter — • Well, that's just what this aims to teach. Third— I think I'll order — it's a peach. Waiter — Just look around (gestures to things on exhibit) and you will see How practical this work can be. Fourth- All right, I place my order now. Waiter — We'll give good service, never fear. (Moves to Sophomore table.) First- Well, waiter, can this menu touch the Freshmen's? Waiter — You'll get just as much. Progressive Agricnltn ral Program s 63 Second — This study, here, of soils, ah, me — I wonder what it's going to be? Waiter — Well, soils and crops is big, And hard at this course you must dig. Third — ( daintily ) Oh, dear, soils must of course mean dirt. Waiter — Well, some on you won't do much hurt. Fourth — I suppose in crops we study seeds. Waiter — • Why, yes, all kinds — including weeds. You learn how to prepare the ground, What kinds in your own home are found. You put in crops, you cultivate — First — • Where is this done? You did not state. Waiter — ■ You do this on your father's place. Seco7id — I s'pose we set our dads a pace. Waiter — You bet you do — you'll show him things That careful cultivation brings. Third- Well, here's a course in tractors — Fun! I'd like to know just how they're run. Waiter — Well, you will know before you're through. Fourth — I guess I'll take that course in tractors, too. Waiter— You learn to take them all apart, And reassemble from the start. And do I understand that here I get Four orders for this course? 64 Progressive Agricultural Programs All— You bet! {Waiter 7noves to third table, "Junior."} First — This course looks like the finest pickin's, For it's a hill of fare of chicken. Waiter — Poultry and dairying — you're right. Second — We juniors all are mighty bright, Come tell of this course and how To tackle it — Waiter — You milk a cow — Third— I milked just once. I almost died, By getting on the cow's wrong side. Waiter — If you had been so awful bright You'd have known her wrong side from her right Fourth — And do we actually care for hens And herd them in their little pens? {J^akes this sound silly.) Waiter — • You bet you do. And records keep Of feeding, produce — there's a heap You'll learn before the year is through. Shall I place the order for all four of you? First— We'll like this course just like the dickens,. For all of us are fond of chickens. {Waiter moves to fourth table, "Senior."} First — This course sounds most detestable. And very undigestible. Progressive Agricultural Programs 65 Rural economics, sociology, farm manage- ment—all these dull three Just simply get my mental goat. Waiter^ They would if you learned them all by rote, But when you every one apply, You'll find they are not one bit dry. Second — P'arm Management — sounds good to me, I wonder what that course can be? Waiter — It means you're learning business ways To run a ranch. The things you raise You know the cost of — Third— Mercy me! Just like they run a groceree, Or any other store in town. Waiter— Why, sure. You do the things up brown. Fourth— I suppose you learn to buy and sell. Waiter — You do, and learn it well Of course. First- Well, this sounds better than I thought. Second — I'd like to have this course ail taught. Waiter- Well, gentlemen, I'm glad you place Your orders. In this farming race It needs a lot of study, so Your work successfully will go. (As he goes out.) I hope you'll find our service good. And get all of the things you should. CURTAIN 66 Progressive Agricultural Programs Chairman — Well, that looks like a pretty good menu, doesn't it? Stock, seeds, soils, manual training, tractors, poultry, dairying, farm management, market- ing — looks as though almost all the activities of the farm are included. The next number on our program is a demonstra- tion by -^ . This modern day and age produces many people of the Missourian type, who want it to be shown. Well, is going to show you. Demonstration {Suggestions for this: Have it last about fifteen minuLes. Appeal as much to the eye as possible. Shoiv by all manner of tests that may easily be seen from the audience what you are trying to make clear. In begin- ning this demonstration, state clearly any underlying principles and half of your difficulty is over with. Use the blackboard, hut bo very careful in doing this not to turn away from your audience and if you do, talk very loiidhj and- distincthj. It is poor busi7iess usually to 2}ciss things about the audience while you talk, as it distracts their attention from what you are saying. The difficulty of a demonstration is to keep talking while you are ivorking with your hands. Practice this demonstration until you have it down to a fine point. If possible, put in a joke or two, now and then. Try to get people to ask questions. Be sure and hold up your experiments or illustrative ma- terial where fJie fartiicst person in the room may see it.) [Composition of Soils (See "A") I Moisture in Soils ("B") I Working of Soils ; especially Demonstration of Soils} summer fallowing ("C") I Fertilization of soils I Alkali soils ( litmus test) [Acid soils (litmus test) (A) Physical composition of Soils: Humus, sandy loam, heavy clay. Put separate samples in shallow pans. Progressive Agricultural Programs 67 moisten them, work them with knife and let them dry. Do this some time before the demonstration. At the demonstration, the effect of plowing a wet soil can be shown. The humus and sandy loam will be friable. The heavy gumbo or clay will make a hard clod. Run these through the fingers so the audience can see. Another interesting phase of this demonstration would be to add humus to the gumbo and treat in the same way. (B) Moisture in Soils: Place the four samples pre- viously mentioned in glass tubes open at both ends. (Small lamp chimneys will do.) Tie a thin cheesecloth over one end to hold the soil in and set them in shallow pans of water. Do this several hours before the demiOnstration. The talk can be given on moisture holding capacity and rate of capillary movement. Take a lump of sugar and show rising of water in soils with the aid of col- ored water. (C) Working of Soils: One of the essential things is to keep down weeds. This is a most important subject and one of great interest to farmers. A talk on the correct methods of summer fallowing would be very fine. You might make the talk more interesting by illustrating furrow at board. A good thing would be to go to several farmers who had summer fallowed and get their yields. This will carry great weight, especially to an audience of farmers. Caution: So as not to incur any criticism of being impractical, all this program should be carefully adapted to local conditions. For instance, if a boy should get up and advocate manuring soils heavily in a dry climate, where it could not rot, he would lay himself open to the criticism of being merely a book farmer. This talk could be made most charming with the aid of actual soil and simple experiments performed G8 Progressive Agricidtural Programs where tha audience might see. In all this you can maiH- tain the interest by constantly linking your work up with local conditions. Get samples of local soils, refer to certain well-known pieces of land, etc. This local inter- est N\ ill surely bring out (luestions from your audience if any of them are farmers. [Germination tests (actual experience) I Growth of Seeds (have some seeds in I stages of growth showing how it car- Demonstration I ries food enough, in itself to get the of j plant to the surface, etc.) Seeds I Grading outfit ( borrow one from local I elevator to show how grain is graded I commercially. This might be made [ very interesting, indeed.) In this, as in tiie previous demonstration, keep your appeal a local one. Discuss only seeds that are locally grovvU. There are many other things you could demonstrate and this is entirely your problem to select the thing you have been studying that best adapts itself to demoristra- tion. However, have only one subject spoken about and demonstrated. One is enough. Chairman — I am sure we all have learned a good deal about from . He certainly did show us all right. I said there would be something on the program for the entire audience, didn't I? All right, we're going to have get up and give us seme barnyard yells. Now, we high school folks have our jells, college people have their yells — why should not farmers have their yells? Everywhere you hear teams rooting — why not the plow horses? Why shouldn't the pigs root for one another? I see plainly that you agree with me in this. So let's hear you give these yells with vim and vigor. Yell Leader — Are you with me folks? I see you are. Now, the first "yell we're going to have tonight is Progressive Agricultural Programs 69 one about potatoes — which represent an almost univer- sal interest among the farmers. Seldom will you find a, ranch that does not raise some potatoes. Vv'e cannot say enough in their praise. So let's yell for them.. This is the yell: Spuds for paw. Spuds for maw, Baked or boiled or Raw, raw, raw! Now, let's yell it. Everybody stand up. One, two, three — go. {They yell it.) Now, here's one for the sheep, pigs and cows. Begin slowly at first, growing faster and louder till you end in a great big shout. Ugh, ugh, ugh, baaa, baaa, baaa, (slow) Ugh, ugh, ugh, baaa, baaa, baaa, (faster) Ugh, ugh, ugh, baaa, baaa, baaa, (very fast) (Now fairly shout) MOOOOOOOOOO! Now, we're going to do Vv'hat is called the siren yell. Nothing is better adapted to this yell than the bawling of a cov/. In fact when she bawls she is one of the very best siren yell leaders you could find. To give a siren yell, we begin softly, swell up in the loudest sounds of which we are capable and then sing down to almost a whisper. Come on, folks; first I'll give you the yell and show you how it is done. MooooooOOOOOOOoooooo ! Suggestions: The writer was much handicapped by lack of knowledge of rural conditions. The average high school boy should be able to make up far better yells than these which are merely suggestive. In giving yells, much is dependent on making the audience under- stand clearly just what the yell is and to be sure they know the words before they yell them. A good idea mignt be to have them written on wrapping paper in big black lettering. Be sure and choose a fellow with much personal magnetism and self-confidence for this stunt. 70 Progressive Agricultural Programs Chairman — You certainly do get a lot of good team work out of rooting together. I had no idea that the animals on the farm were so up-to-date — ahead of us, in fact. They've been giving these yells for centuries, while we high school and college folks have been at it a comparatively short time. The next number on our pro- gram has to do with tractors. You know the Freshman course has in it a comprehensive course on tractors and engines in general. will give to you a rather sad little story about one tractor in particular, and a farmer in general. A Tractor Tragedy Tune — "CascT Joyies" (May be used as a recitation, omitting chorus.) Oh, come all you farmers if you want to hear About a farmer and a tractor dear. Oh, it sure was dear when it came to expense, The farmer who owned it had dollars but no sense. Chorus — Farmer Brown he went and bought a tractor, Farmer Brown was sorry he did so. Farmer Brown knew nothing 'bout a tractor, And almost all the time that tractor wouldn't go. Oh, he fixed her up and started to plow. But something happened, he didn't know how, And she stopped dead still in the middle of the road. For nobody knew that tractor's telegraph code. (Chorus:) Well, they lost two days and went to town, And brought an expert engineer down. He got her going and he told them how Her inner workings were as simple as a cow. (Chorus:) Progressive AgricnUiiral Programs 71 They started to plow next week, you bet, And that old tractor's besn going yet, But somebody must have tried to be mean, And threw a monkey wrench into that poor machine. {Chorus:) Then Farmer Brown got mad lor fair. He swore hot oaths and he tore his hair. And he left her there just where she died. And went back to horses, though it hurt his pride. {Chorus:) Now, about that time his son entered High, And resolved that the Aggie course he'd have to try, And before the Freshman year was past. He knew a tractor from first to last. {Chorus:) One fresh spring day, when the birds sang svv'eet, Young Brown and that tractor both chanced to meet, Out in the field where she'd been for days, He resolved that he would help that poor old tractor mend her ways. {Chorus:) So he took her apart and put her back new. And gave her fly-wheel a twist or two, She purred with content like a happy cat. As young Brown guided her from where he sat. {Chorus:) Old Brown was rounding the hill on a plow, Behind five horses, he was thinking how A tractor sure is a worthless thing. And never more worthless than in the spring. {Chorus:) He raised his eyes to the azure blue. And he saw sumpin coniin', first thing he knew. The tractor and his son went sailing by, And when he saw them he could not believe his eye, {Chorus:) Progressive Auricidtural Programs Well, Farmer Brown thinks high school pays.. And he lifts his voice in a song of praise, The Aggie course he thinks is great, For it taught his son a tractor to recusitate. Chorus — - Farmer Brown, he's plowing with that tractor. Farmer Brown has no more troubles now, Farmer Brown has no bills for repairs. For his son does the business and knows just how. Encore This tale has a moral, it's plain to see, If from engineering worries, you would be free, Send your boy to high school, no it's or but's, And he will learn an engine from its soup to nuts. Chort's — • He will iearn quite all about a tractor, Autos, too, will be his specialtee. He will save repair bills by the dozen, And keep your engines running, oh yes siree! (Sfiggcslions: An effective rendition of this song would be to have a bench. Enter a young fellow in work- ing clothes, carrying a ukelele or a guitar. He sits down on the bench, tunes up the instrument carelessly, hums a little in a hit and miss fashion and then begins this song. The only precaution is to be sure that every word is distinctly heard. Do not sing if people are laughing, as they miss what is being said. Chairman — -Wasn't it Shakespeare who remarked, "The Play's the Thing"? We are going to listen to a little dramatization of one of the studies we take up in our Agricultural course. It is called, "How Bob Saved the Day." Progressive Agricultural Programs 73 How Bob Saved the Day Characters : Mr. I. B. Slow, who is asleep on the job. Bob, his son, a student at high school. Thieves: Drought, Continuous Cropping, Poor Seed, Weeds, Poor Marketing, One Crop Methods. Saviors of Slow: Summer Fallow, Rotation of Crops, Pure Seed, Cultivation, Co-operative Market- ing, Diversification. Scene — A table round ivhich are grouped the viU tains of the piece — the thieves. This should much resem- ble a scene in movie underworld dramas. There are glasses, cards, etc., on the table. Drought should be dressed to appear dry and shrivelled. A long tube of brown cambric ivould be good for him. Continuous Cropping should appear pale and languid. Poor Seed looks as scrubby as possible. Weeds should be rank and big ayid look utterly worthless. Poor Marketing shoidd be a doddering , uncertain old man. One Crop Methods shoidd be big and aggressive and egotistic. Of course, these need 7iot be costuMed, but if the girls in the Home Economics class coidd make some costumes, it tooidd be a fine thing. In order to have them clearly imderstood, maybe a sign on the chest of each one would be a good thing.) Drought — You need never fear he'll wake up. I. B. Slow is as sound asleep as if he were dead. Continuous Cropping — Suppose, Mr. Drought, he were to stir though, when we start off with his treasure? Poor Seed — Oh, mercy! Continuous Cropping, you're so afraid. I've done this same thing hundreds of times. They never wake up — Weeds— Till it is too late. Poor Seed — We know 'em, don't we. Weed, old fel- low. (Pats hitn on the back.) Progressive Agricultural Programs Weeds — Indeed we do, Poor Seed. Bad Marketing^Shaking a tremulous finger) I'm an old man, but I've got more farmers in my day than any of you. Just let Bad Marketing have the first whack at him. I'll show you. One Crop Methods — I don't know about that. I be- lieve I've just about got you skinned. Bad Marketing — in fact, all of you. AU — {offended) Is that so? How? 0. C. Methods — Why, by getting him to put all his eggs in one basket. He's depended on me for years, now. I've been his main prop — in fact his only prop, and I'd like to know what is going to happen to him when I withdrav/. Drought — You always were an individualist, One Crop. Now, this job needs a little co-operation. Bad- Marketing, you Bad Mar. — You caij't expect any from me. Why, that's where I base all my success in past years — on lack of co-operation. Weeds — Come, come, we've talked enough. Let's get busy. The thing to do is to go at once to his farm, sneak up on him and rob him while he is sleeping so soundly. Poor Seed — There's just one thing we need to fear. Drought— What is that? Poor Seed — There's one member of Slow's family who is not asleep, and that is his son, who is going to high school. Weeds — Pooh! He's in town — learning things about us out of books and never putting a thing into practice. Poor Seed, you're just naturally fearful. Bad Mar. — I'm the oldest of any of you here, and I claim the first right to the treasures. Con. Crop. — Yes, you are the oldest, Bad Marketing, Weeds — Come on; stop that quarrelling. It gets you nowhere. Come on. (Exeunt all; or draw curtaiyi.) Progressive A.firiculhiral Programs Scene 2. In the middle of the room sits I. B. Slow, surrounded by his treasure in bags labelled "gold." He is fast asleep and snoring loudly. In front of him at a table are the remnants of a meal showing hs has catnn and drunk a great deal. In corae the thieves with handkerchiefs on their faces like masks. They steal off ivith his gold, hut before tJaij go they speak a bit in subdued to7ies. Bad Mar. — Ha, ha, ha, old Slow. I knov/ you. Fast asleep as usual. Poor Seed — Ssh ! I don't want him to catch me here. V/eeds — Land, we could overpower him if he did wake up. ( TJie farmer stirs and Poor Seed gives a lit- tle siiriik and falls back.) Con. Crop. — Coward! 0. C. Methods — Well, Fm going to get out of here while the getting's good. Drought — Me, too. {They all pack off Sloiv's goods, le\aving iiim nothing.) Curtain Scene 3. Same as Scene two. Farmer Slotv is ivaking up slotvlij and urith many yawns. He looks srailingly around, then his face grows solemn and he rubs his eyes as he sees his treaure gone. He rises from, his chair, gives a terrible groan and rushes to the door crying "Helpli Thieves!" Bob — (rushing into room) Why, father, what is the matter? Slow — My treasure! My treasure! Gone! Bob— Gonel Sloiv — Yes, I had it just a bit ago. I was counting my gold and eating my supper and now it is gone ! Gone ! Bob — It must have been stolen. ■/6 Progressive Af/ricultural Programs Sloiv — Stolen! Of course it was stolen. But who did it? Boh — (examining footprints) Ah! Sloio — What have you found? Bob — If I am not mistaken, Drought has been here for one. Yes, and Weeds and Poor Seed and ( looks fur- ther) Bad Marketing, Continuous Cropping, One Crop Methods— Slow — Why, how do you know? Bob — We learned all about their footprints and traces in school. You see, Father, we take a lot of de- tective work there. Slow — Oh, if you could get me back my treasure! Bob — I believe I can. Dad. But you'll have to help. We made some weapons in school just for the purpose of overpowering these villains. I'll go and get them. [Exit.) Slow — Oh, my treasure, my treasure! Bob — {returning n-itJi several pieces of equipment) Now, Dad, you take this gun and buckle on this belt. .S/o;r— What are they? Bob — The belt is full of Pure Seeds, the gun is co- operative marketing. Take this canteen, too, for the terrible enemy. Drought. Slow — What is in it? Bob — Summer fallow. It's a, mighty good rem- edy for him. Sloic — What are those things you are carrying? Bob — This bomb I'm going to throw is Cultivation. That will surely bring down Weeds. And with these gloves I am going to spar with Continuous Cropping — they are Rotation of Crops. Slow — Are we going on foot, son? Bob — No, indeed, we are going to ride in the Di- versification Super-Six machine I brought from high school. It is warranted not to break down, no matter Progressive Agricultural Programs 77 how bad the roads are. Ready, Father? All right, come ahead. (Exeunt, and after sounds of scuffle and yells, re- enter, bringing in the thieves, bou7id, and the recovered treasure..) Slow — My son, I owe this all to you. Boh — Not all, Father. You put up one of the best fights I have ever seen. Slow — Say, I didn't do so worse, did I? Well, they'll never get me again, thanks to your high school. Educa- tion does pay, after all. Bob — It's a mighty good weapon. Father. Curtain Chairman — You have all been sitting still for some time and so I am going to ask and to open the windows and to lead us in some calisthenics. You know a good teacher sees to it that her pupils do not sit still too long at a time. Calisthenics Leader — Folks, exercise is a mighty fine thing whether we take it in the form of work or play. Now, I have noticed that there are a great many occupations that offer a remarkable opportunity for the development of certain muscles, and so we are going to take some of these exercises. {Suggestions: Here have the leader take such ex- ercises as pitching bundles, milking, digging post holes, etc. Tell which muscles are developed by them and after explaining very clearly, have the audience go through the exercises. Better count time so that everybody may do it in as ship-shape manner as possible. This physical drill for the audience should not consume more than five or six minutes, so do not be too deliberate about it.) (Another suggestion is to tell some exercise that would rest tired muscles — rest a man who had been plowing all day, etc.) Progressive Agricultural Programs Chairman — I'm sure if you feel like me, that you regard this time as very well spent. The next number on the program is another little dramatic episode en- titled "His Choice." (Suggestions for tJiis scene: Farmer Smith is loll- ing back in an easy chair, smoking. At a piano, playing to him is a pretty, but sloppy, girl.) Farmer Smith — You play very well, Miss Manage- ment, but I guess I'd better go out and mend that fence now. Miss M. — Oh, don't. It's so cold and snowy — just stay here. See, I have a new piece to sing to you. It goes like this : Pack up your business in your old kit bag and smile, smile, smile. Let all the fences simply go to rack, and smile, boy, that's the style. What's the use of working hard, it never was worth while — So — forget the things that should be done about the farm and smile, smile, smile. F. S, — My, that's a pretty song. But I guess I'd better get up now and go and figure out how to beautify my place next summer. You know I've planned to set out some ti'ees and Miss M. — You don't like me. (Pouts.) F. S. — Yes, I do, Miss Management, but I've really got so many things that ought to be done. Miss M. — You men are all alike. I knew a hardware man once that was too tiresome for anything. He just would figure and figure and plan and plan. I simply lost all my respect for him. F. S. — But I'll bet his business was well run. Miss M. — Course it was. It couldn't help but be. But what was the use? I believe in never doing today what you can put off till tomorrow. Progressive Agricultural Programs 79 F. S. — And then, you know tomorrow never comes. Miss M. — Well, that's just the point. F. S. — You are a mighty entertaining girl. Miss Management; but really, I — I must begin by keeping ac- counts. I want to know just what my farm is paying this summer. Miss M. — I won't listen to you! I won't! (Begins to play a dreamy waltz.) F. S. — My, that's pretty. (Leans back; closes eyes.) Miss M. — {Recites softly to music) Just like a gypsy, you've fiddled this whole life thru, Always postponing the thing that you ought to do. Hoping that some day your luck would break, Wandering, squandering, your life on some mistake. And now that I've found you, your life will be one big waste, For aimless idling you're forming an awful taste. For business you may hanker as a banker would do, But I will never fail to camp right on the trail Of men like you. (Farmer Smith snores loudly. In comes a high school boy, ivalkiyig briskly. Miss M. continues to play softly and hum to herself.) Boy — How do you do. Miss Management? Miss M. — (rising icily) I beg your pardon. Have we ever met before? Boy — Not exactly — but I've heard so much about you in high school I really feel that I know you. Shake. (He catches hold of her hand and fairly wrings it.) Miss M. — Oh, you great brute! You hurt me! Let me alone. (She wrenches her hand free.) Boy — I've got a friend here I want you to know. (Goes out of room a momcMt.) (Returyis ivith a charm- ing, businesslike looking young ivoman in a strictly tailored dress.) Boy — I want you to meet Miss Business. 80 Progressive Agricultural Programs Miss M. — I don't believe I care to, thanks. (Turns her back.) Miss Busltiess — That's all right. Why pretend we're friends ? (Farmer Smith wakes up and looks about him, rub- bing iiis eyes. He sees the new girl and smiles in de- light.) Boy — Father, I want you to meet Miss Business. F. S.~ (springing from chair) Pleased, I am sure. Have we never met befoi'e? Miss B. — I've been near your farm several times, but never stopped before. Your son brought me here today. Miss M. — Listen to this song, dear, {begins to sing again.) F. S. — I believe we've had enough music for the day. {Tu)-us a cold shoulder on Miss M.) Are you going to be in our neighborhood long, Miss Business? Miss B. — I hope to make my home here. But of course that is more or less uncertain. F. S. — Well, anything I can do to make your stay permanent, I'll sure be glad to do. {Boy steals off. Miss M. poutiuglii sits at piano, softly playing and looking\ now and then at farmer and Miss B. Powders nose.) Miss B. — Thank you. On the other hand, if there is anything I can do to help you with your farming, let me do it. You see, I am pretty experienced. I've worked for bankers, grocers, dry goods merchants — in fact, all business men. But I just love the farm and the country. F. S. — {moving closer) You do? Miss B. — Yes, I do. And I've always wondered why farmers were not classed as business men — isn't that a great libel on their methods? F. S. — Well, I guess it's because they don't employ business methods. Tell me, now, what you think of my farm and the way I manage it. Progressive Agricultural Programs 81 Miss B. — Well, you won't mind if I tell you a few things or ask you a few questions? F. S. — I'd be flattered at your attention. Miss B. — Very well, then. How many trips did you make to town last week for supplies? F. S. — Let me see — I went in Monday for a sack of flour — Wednesday for sugar and the mail — Thursday for nails — just three times, that's all. Miss B. — What does it cost you to go to town? F. S. — Well, gasoline costs about sixty cents a round trip. Miss B. — How long does it take you? F. S. — I usually stay all day. Miss B. — And the wear and tear on a car — (busy figuring.) I estimate that every trip costs you in los^ of time, a meal in town, gasoline, wear and tear on the car, just about So. 70. {Get correct figures here.) Three trips this week, $20.10. That's a pretty big leak there, isn't it? F. S.— Why, what would you do? Miss B. — I'd make only about three trips a month, instead of dozens. Now then, what did it cost you to break your land last spring? F. S. — I never kept track. Miss B. — How are you going to find out what the actual cost of your crop will be this fall? Miss M. — I call that an impertinent question. Miss B. — I beg your pardon; it is a most pertinent question. F. S. — It {5 a pertinent question. Miss M. — Stung again ! Miss B. — When did you last take an inventory of your farm? Miss M. — Well, of all the nerve — to ask such a ques- tion ! F. S. — Inventory — Miss B. — Yes, how much have you got tied up in 82 Progressive Agricultural Programs farm machinery, what are your operating expenses, where are some of your biggest leaks, which line of bus- iness paid poorest last year, which paid the most? — Miss M. — Good night! (She leaves with elaborate anger.) F. S. — That's coming pretty thick and fast, Miss Business. Miss B. — Do you find me attractive? F. S. — More so than any person I know. Miss 5.— And you'd like to have me help you? F. S. — I think you'd make a lovely helpmeet. Miss B. — Weil, then, let's get to work on this. F. S. — One thing first, dear. {Draics closer.) Miss 5.— What is it? F. S. — What do you say to a lifelong partnership between you and me? Miss B. — I told you I loved the country — F. S.— And me? Miss B. — And you. (Boy appears and they start away from each other.) Boy — Excuse me, Father, but I've come to take Miss Business home. F. S. — She's not going, son, she's going to stay with us always. Boy — Hooray ! Curtain Chairman — Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes our program. We want to thank you for your most courteous attention and hope that in our modest way we have entertained and instructed you this evening. If there are any questions you wish to ask, do it, and we will endeavor to answer them to the best of our ability. I just wish to say in closing that we hope we have given everybody here today, a little of the deep feeling of re- spect and admiration we have for agriculture, the oldest, the most widespread and the most important business in the world. Program on Child Feeding DATA FURNISHED BY MARY ANN GRABER FOOD SPECIALIST Suggestions for Advertising, etc. Introductory remarks by Chairman Community Singing Monolougue by Mai Nutrition Dialogue by the Good Foods Demonstration of What Good Food Does Songtette by the Food Dont's Playlet: "How Billy Drank the Milk" Calisthenics A Protest by Mr. Stomach A Weighing and Measuring Demonstration The Hot School Lunch: In four Episodes Refreshments Child Feeding Program This program has been prepared vvith the idea of haviiiji: it used in town and country schools, thereby arousiiiir the interest of the grown-ups in this most vi- tal subject of food. Children wield a tremendous influ- ence with adults and they make an entering wedge where nothing else could penetrate. Teachers and we who have taught know that too long has the school system of the United States been divorced entirely from the vital, throl)l)ing prol)lems of everyday life, Vv'hich the chil- dren themselves in time will be obliged to face. No ar- gument is necessary to teachers to interest them in having their youngsters put on programs which have to do with such problems. The school could as well as not become a tremendous force for good in the community and the starter of all kinds of forward movements. The following program is intended primarily to promote the hot school lunch in districts that do not have it, "out for schools that already have installed the lunch and for town schools which do not have this prob- lem, a sufficient program has been offered so that the hot school lunch can be omitted entirely and still make a good production. If there is a Home Demonstration Agent in your county, she is the one to whom to apply for assistance in organi:nng foods v/ork in the community. The chiklren might charge a small entrance fee as a starter on their equipme-nt for the hot school lunch. The charts for weighing and measuring boys and girls may be obtained from Child Health Organization, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City, and cost ten cents each. There is also a school room record chart that costs five centSj and may be obtained from The Superintend- 84 Progressive Agricultural Programs 85 ent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Wash- ington, D. C. Parents are very glad to see this material and it would be a fine idea to pass them around. In case parents wished to begin the weighing and measuring of their children, they might use the scales of somebody in the neighborhood for it is rather discour- aging to a school board and patrons of the school to be told they must buy expensive scales first thing of all. To get people out to the meeting, talk over the com- munity with the children some recess and appoint dif- ferent children to give personal invitations to people in the neighborhood to come. If each child should be re- sponsible for seeing that ten people knew about the meeting, and kept these people informed every day for five days beforehand, you may be sure they would come if they possibly could. Suggestions for decorating school room : If the audience can be started talking about food problems when they get to the meeting, much of their inertia and indifference will be overcome. Some posters on the walls of the school room would be a fine thing. They could bear such legends as these: "You heat water and food for your stock, why not for us children?" — "33 per cent, of school boys and girls are malnourished" — "Are your pigs losing weight? Some of us kids are." — "It's not laziness; it's malnourishment." — "The pancake has handicapped many a child." — "The way to a child's health is through his stomach." — etc. These would make good writing exercises for the children. Have a list of hot school lunch equipment written on the board. Appoint some wide-awake child as chairman. In- sist from the very first rehearsals that every child talk so he or she may be clearly heard in the farthest part of the room. Appoint ushers to seat people; children to keep the ventilation good. 86 Progressive Agricultural Programs PROGRAM Chairman — Folks, there is an old adage, "We eat to live," that applies more to us children than it does to anybody else. For we are a good deal like a building in the process of construction; it takes a lot of bricks and mortar and lath and plaster and other things to build us up. You grown-ups are already built and all you have to do is to keep your building running properly. Tonight we are going to discuss just one subject and that is the feeding of children. Now, all you men know how to properly feed pigs and cattle to make them grow and keep them healthy. You ladies know what chickens need and little calves. But we children feel that none of you know etiough about what we little human calves need, and we're going to give you a feeding lesson tonight and tell you just what we want. The first thing on our pro- gram is some singing in which we ask you all to join. is going to lead us. Community Singing Qf there is nobody to lead this, have the children sing the songs without the audience joining in. The community singing, however, is well worth while. Copy these short choruses on wrapping paper in big black lettering done with a camel's hair brush and printer's ink. Both of these may be had for 25 cents each at a hardware store or stationery store. Hang these strips of wrapping paper on a wire strung across the front of the stage, being sure it is well lighted so the audience may read the words easily. Have the leader of the sing- ing stand where he or she may be plainly seen and beat time so everybody will stay together. Be sure that the audience gets the key, so they will all be singing in harmony.) Leader — Friends, I know you are going to sing in fine shape tonight for the songs are parodies to very well-known tunes and you can all see the words, so you need not sing "la, la, la." Now, I am going to beat time, Progressive Agricultural Programs 87 but first of all let me read over the words of the songs (or hum them over). Can you all see them plainly? Will you move where you can see? Thank you. (Goes thru each song first.) Now, then, are you all on the key? Ready — go ! Food Tune — ■"Tipperary" It's a big job, this feeding problem, it's a big job you know, But it's food that makes the nation, strong or weak or great, and so, We will teach you folks this evening what it is we youngsters need, And you will know of what importance is the right kind of feed. Good Food Tune — "A merica" Oh, good food, 'tis of thee, Food of good quality. Of thee we sing; Of milk and eggs and rice, Of vegetables so nice, You're surely worth the price That you may bring. Good Food Tune — "John Brown's Body" Mine eyes have seen the glory of good food for little folk. In the wheel of this great universe it forms a mighty spoke. It can make or mar their future and that's not one bit a joke, As they go marching on. 88 Progressive Agricultural Programs Chorus — Feed the child the food to make him Strong and well and full of vigor. He will thank you when he grows up, A useful, happy man. Leader — Th.ank you for your hearty singing. You have helped our program along as nothing else could. Chairman — I want to echo what the song leader said. You certainly did help our program. We have one or two other things tonight in which you all can participate and we hope you v;ill respond as well as you did v.'ith the singing. The next number is a speech by an old enemy of the child. His name is iMAL NUTRI- TION. Come on, Mai, and tell the audience who you are. (Here a tall cltUd, drrssed iu long floving black draperies, .'evf yliy for 6 boys, S girls, fairies, peasants, attendant:*, etc. The Princess is downhearted and refuses to be con- soled. The fiddler plays, peasants do folk-dances, fai- ries drill, b- not until she gets the silver sandais is she contented. Plays 1 hour or more. Price, 25c. When Betty Saw the Pilgrims By Margaret Howard. A pretty story sliowsngr how dissatisfied Betty was cured by her mother, who tells the story of tiie hardships of the Pilgrims, wUich is illustrated by ten tableaux. Large numbers oi <:!hil- dren can be used. Plays about 30 minutes. Price, 25c. Princess Rosy Cheeks By EfTie Sammond Balph. A "good health" play for children, which is very impressive. Introduces Fresh Air Fairies, Soap and Water Fairies, Tooth Brush Brigade, Food Fairies, Rest Fairies, and others. Good- sized cast required with two older children. Plays about 1 hour. Price, 3Sc. Queen Loving Heart By Jean Ross. A splendid children's play, teacfa'ng many good lessons. A pretty story of the crowning of Loving Heart, her capture by the Indians and sub- sequent re! ease, because of her kindness. Can be used for May Day play. 11 speaki]ig parts, Indians, etc Plays aiwut 45 minutes. Price, 2Sc. Eldridge Entertainment House FRANKLIN, OHIO alsci DENVER, COLO. 944 S. Logan St. V5s; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS I 002 782 708 1 ioney-Makkg Eniertaioment N@?^es kr Charch, Scboei or Loi^e Miss Nibbs' Novelty Shop By Atta Becker. This <• « no^el and IittMorotu en* tertainmeat, introducing Xlza Abb, Mis* Nibbs, two travelios saleameo, shoppers, mechanical dells and mechaneal maid of all work. A good little etont wh«r» a rhort, clean, huaioroas number is desired. Plajra about 30 minutes. Price, 25c, The Brightville Indoor Chautauqua By Bessie Baker and Nellie Hanna. Here is a brand new idea for an evening's entertainment. It Is in 5 parts, each pr.rt reprenentlag a day at Cbautauqua. Gives vide srcpe for introduction of larce cast and raany r.;, ton. A lot of fun and some wholesome lessons are contained In the conversatioa of the dolls who dis- cuss the motives of their donors. Splen^d for Youns People's or Missionary Societies. 10 gfrlc, 1 boy. or all slrls. Time, 20 mlButae. Prise, 16c. Fmding the Key A dialog and drill for 10 or IS fftrls and boyc. Sufm able for any rellsioue precrant, bat especially (er Eaater. Time, 20 minutes. Deals with problems of youtbi, recreations, etc; also with those a Conunon- ity Life and the present spirit of Unrest. Interspersed with suggested songs. Drfll very effeeCtve. 25e. ' "' -■■ -..:■■.. . - i— !- i W ' ). I. J. II .. Eldridge Entertainment Hoiis« CRANKLIN, OHIO als« DENVER. &XJX 944 a. Logan SC J