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CATHOLICITY AND ITS GROWTH IN WORCESTER. 
 
 By JOHN J. RIORDAN, A. M. 
 
 The Heart of the Coninionweahh, 
 as the city of Worcester has been 
 aptly termed, is a beautiful city. It 
 teems to-day with varied industries 
 and it includes in its population about 
 as many nationalities as a great 
 metropolis. Jew and Gentile, Cau- 
 casian and Mongolian all brush elbows 
 in this thriving" and growing munici- 
 pality. But time was a half century 
 or more ago when it was otherwise. 
 Then Worcester, which had not 
 attained to the dignity of anything 
 more than a prosperous town, ap- 
 j)roaching so to speak its majority, 
 was the conservative and model New 
 England village, with few exceptions 
 made up of the "old families" whose 
 influence in the community had shaped 
 its affairs for years almost indefinite 
 in number and extending back before 
 the days of the Revolution. But the 
 men of those times must have come 
 of goodly stock, for their descend- 
 ants to-day are counted among the 
 fairest and most lil)eral-minded of 
 Worcester's citizens. They have been 
 conservative but, all things considered. 
 they have not been unfair. It would 
 be strange if they should have wel- 
 comed with anything but suspicion, a 
 people, the first of any foreigners, to 
 come among them, and whose religion 
 they had been taught for two hundred 
 \ears to abominate. To their credit 
 it mav be trutlifullv said that to-dav 
 
 ihc descendants of these old families, 
 cordially and without narrowness of 
 mind or purpose, welcome the Catho- 
 lic Irish emigrants as men who have 
 in them that which makes good 
 citizens and companionable neigh- 
 bors. There have been agitations, it 
 is true, tending to stir up strife and 
 with a purpose of creating hostility on 
 the part of Protestants towards the 
 Catholics. Indeed, where is the New 
 Englf»nd community that this could 
 not be said of it at some time in its 
 history? But in Worcester it has 
 sprung without exception from among 
 those who have done less for the wel- 
 fare of the people than their Catholic 
 brethren; who came later than the 
 Irish and who gathered their inspira- 
 tions of bigotry from other sources 
 and received their training in other 
 localities. These agitations, however, 
 never assumed alarming proportions. 
 I'efore they could do so the sounder 
 sense of the better portion of the citi- 
 zenship has always made itself known 
 and felt, so that what may have seemed 
 dangerous in the beginning has gen- 
 erally turned out either a shibboleth or 
 a boomerang, harmful to its promoters 
 and of no consequence to the Catho- 
 lics. 
 
 The pioneers of sixty years ago, the 
 first to settle in Worcester, and who 
 are the j^redecessors of the present 
 generation, held in afTection and grati- 
 
ins GRACE, ARCHBISHOP WILLIAMS OF BOSTON. 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 tude, William Lincoln the Historian, 
 who was their first friend in Worces- 
 ter; he quickly recognized their better 
 qualities and stood by them in those 
 early days when they most needed the 
 support of such a friend. He came of 
 a distinguished family; the son of Jef- 
 ferson's attorney-general ; a brother of 
 a Governor of Massachusetts, and 
 himself a man of distinguished attain- 
 ments, but whose early death ended 
 what promised to be a celebrated 
 career as a litterateur and scholar in 
 history. It was he who came to the 
 assistance of the Irish Catholics of 
 sixty years ago, few in numbers and 
 unknown in the comnumity and with 
 no one among themselves of suf^cient 
 influence to combat the suspicion and 
 hostility that prevailed. He purchased 
 the land upon which the first house 
 for religious worship for the Catholics 
 was erected and immediately turned it 
 over to them for this purpose. The 
 Catholics of a later day remember 
 with affection, as those of to-day 
 revere, the memory of Alexander H. 
 Bullock, w'ho was their neighbor as 
 he was indeed their friend. He, w^ith 
 the late lamented idol of Irish hearts 
 in this Commonwealth, Judge Mc- 
 Cafiferty, the first Catholic to sit upon 
 the bench in Massachusetts, and whose 
 memory is especially revered by Wor- 
 cester Irishmen and their children, 
 fought, in opposition to the sentiment 
 that then prevailed, in his efforts to 
 place the college of the Holy Cross 
 upon an equality with other colleges in 
 the State. When Governor Bullock, 
 then Speaker of the State House of 
 Representatives, defended the Catholics 
 as good citizens and entitled to the 
 same prerogatives as those who dififered 
 from them in religious opinion, he did 
 what few of the j^olitical leaders of the 
 time had the courage to do. Fanati- 
 cism prevailed as it never prevailed 
 before or since, and he literally took his 
 future political life in his hands in a 
 cause that he knew was right, though 
 unpopular. and which presaged disaster 
 to any future political i>rt'frniuMit. 
 
 THIO ],.\1 i; niSHOP O'RKILLY. 
 
 Men who since that time have beconu- 
 distinguished in the councils of the 
 State and nation were then deepl\ 
 immersed in the inner machination>- 
 of secret societies who believed, and 
 let us trust, honestly, though ignor- 
 antly, that the Roman Catholic Church 
 w^as a menace to republican institu- 
 tions. No wonder that the Catholics 
 of Worcester of years ago revere the 
 memory of Governor Bullock. A still 
 later generation equally respect and 
 admire the first citizen of the present 
 Massachusetts, Senator Hoar. He. 
 too, found the seeds of good citizen- 
 ship in them when others doubted, and 
 long before he indicated the greatness 
 that w'as evidently inherent in him 
 and which has since attested his worth 
 as one of the foremost statesmen of 
 the nation, he proved himself their 
 friend ready to sound their praises, as 
 he did not hesitate to point out their 
 faults, in the public gatherings, where 
 they may have come under discussion. 
 These men and others, trained on 
 similar lines of broad culture and safe 
 iudgment, whose ancestors have been 
 ideiititicd witli Wdrcester for a him- 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 dred years or more, have been the 
 friends of the Irish Cathohcs from the 
 time when the first few pioneers came 
 in the early thirties. No wonder that 
 the Cathohcs of to-day insist that Wor- 
 cester is a good city to hve in. They 
 have httle reason to think otherwise. 
 They have attained an enviable posi- 
 tion in the community and their rep- 
 resentatives are respected and courted 
 by all classes of the people. But what 
 they are, they owe to their fathers who 
 came here in the early days and whose 
 struggles against an active hostility to 
 maintain the faith of their fatherland 
 can be but dimly realized in these days 
 when the Catholic has no such ani- 
 mosity to encounter, but is rather 
 weighed up on his individual merits 
 and without regard to his religious 
 belief. To those pioneers without 
 whose material aid there would be slow 
 progress in building up a Catholic 
 sentiment should be accorded praise 
 for their many sacrifices. They 
 labored under difficulties such as the 
 younger generation to-day cannot 
 realize; but they never faltered. They 
 came of a race that knows better 
 perhaps than most other races in the 
 world, that the best things in life are 
 the glory of God and the salvation of 
 men. They gave of their time and 
 their money, and little the early set- 
 tlers could have had tO' spare; but of 
 what they had they gave freely, and 
 the first Catholic church in Worcester 
 was finally built within a few years 
 after these emigrants took up their resi- 
 dence in the town. It is related by the 
 early settlers, few if any of whom are 
 living today, that when it was first 
 proposed tO' build a Catholic church it 
 caused great excitement among the 
 native-born, and expressions of dissat- 
 isfaction were freely heard and threats 
 of destroying the building were even as 
 freelv made — for many of the natives 
 looked upon the Irish as something 
 akin to barbarians. This feeling of 
 alarm and anxiety must have been 
 quickly allayed, and probably did not 
 dominate the entire community. As 
 the Irish began to be understood they 
 
 were received kindly and in those early 
 times were encouraged in their strug- 
 gle to support themselves and to give 
 an education to their children. Dur- 
 ing all these years since that time they 
 have made every sacrifice for their de- 
 scendants while they have clung firmly 
 to their religion, an object lesson to 
 those about them of the fact that the 
 closer they cling to their religion and 
 the observance of its rites, the better 
 citizens they are. Worcester has to- 
 day, in proportion to its entire popu- 
 lation, larger numbers of educated 
 Catholics of Irish birth or antecedents 
 than of any other nationality or creed. 
 Catholic lawyers and doctors are 
 numerous, exercising a commanding 
 influence in the community. Catholics 
 are ecjually numerous as instructors of 
 youth, and are numbered in every 
 iDranch of business, while many places 
 of honor and large responsibility are 
 creditably filled by them. They have 
 their own savings bank; they direct 
 one of the best hospitals in the city, 
 whose worth is so well recognized that 
 Protestants in large numbers seek 
 treatment there, and the Catholic Col- 
 lege of Holy Cross gives added fame 
 to Worcester. In a word, the Catholic 
 pioneer of sixty or fifty or even less 
 years ago could not have dreamed that 
 his efforts and those of the other Irish 
 emigrants in Worcester were to bear 
 such ample fruit. Catholic citizens of 
 to-day owe their present acknowl- 
 edged standing to three conditions: the 
 sacrifices made by their fathers, not as 
 a rule educated men, but possessed of 
 that honest pride which is an inherent 
 instinct of the race; the opportunities 
 for advanced education afforded by a 
 Catholic college situated at their door; 
 and finally and of greater weight in 
 making the Irish Catholics good citi- 
 zens and good men, a devoted priest- 
 hood, composed with few exceptions 
 of men whose lives have been ideal, 
 who have carefully watched over and 
 guided their flocks and who as a rule 
 have held the confidence and respect 
 of Protestants and Catholics alike. 
 It is more than seventv vears ago 
 
SUFFRAGAN BISHOPS OF THK AKCI IDIOC'FSK OF BOSTON. 
 
 Rev. Denis M. Bradley. D. D. 
 }•; hop of Manchester, N. H. 
 Rev. Thos. D. Beaven. D. D. 
 Bishop of Springtield, Mass. 
 
 Rt. Rev. Louis De Goesl)riand. D. 
 Bishoii of Burlington. V:. 
 Rt. Rev. Michael Tierney. D. D. 
 Bishop of Hartford. Conn. 
 
 lit. Rev. James A. Healy, D. 
 
 Bishop cf Portland, Me. 
 Rl. Rev. Matthew Harkins, D. 
 Bishop of Providence, R. I. 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 since the first Catholics came to Wor- 
 cester. They were chiefly Irish emi- 
 grants who were attracted by the 
 building of the Blackstone Canal, 
 which promised for central Massachu- 
 setts an outlet to the sea by way of 
 Providence, Rhode Island. This work 
 continued for two years or more and 
 many of the laborers remained to settle 
 
 went on the number of Catholics in- 
 creased and soon they began to feel 
 the need of the ministrations of their 
 religion to enable them to combat the 
 difficulties surrounding them. They 
 keenly felt the need of a priest of God 
 to baptize their children and bring to 
 their dying the consolation of religion. 
 Therefore these humble laborers, who, 
 
 RT. RKV. Mc;ii. THOMAS GRIFFIN, D. D., CHANCEJ.LOR. 
 
 in the town. Later, when the con- 
 struction of the Boston and Worces- 
 ter Railroad and the western division 
 to Albany was begun a much larger 
 number came to assist in the work. 
 It is universally acknowledged and 
 often referred to by public speakers 
 that this great project would have 
 been much retarded without those 
 Irish laborers, since they furnished the 
 labor that otherwise, in those times, 
 could not have been secured. As time 
 
 through every vicissitude, retained 
 their faith, begged Bishop Fenwick, 
 whose See embraced all New England, 
 to send them a priest, whom they prom- 
 ised to assist in every way. But the 
 Bishop of this great territory had but 
 a little band of helpers and for a time 
 could not satisfy the appeal. Within 
 a year, however, their request was 
 granted, and Father James Fitton 
 came one Sunday every month to ofifer 
 up for them the Holy Sacrifice of the 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 Mass. He may well be termed the less than seventy years ago. To-day. 
 Missionary Priest of New England, instead of the single bishop of those 
 Time and again he passed and re- times, six mitred princes of the Church 
 
 SI". I'All.S CHURCH, WORCESTER. 
 
 passed through each of the New Eng- hold spiritual sway and hundreds of 
 
 land States, wherever he thought his priests minister to the wants of the 
 
 priestly ministrations might "be re- people. At least four grand cathedrals 
 
 quired. He was one of the first natives lift their lofty spires to heaven upon 
 
 of Boston to be consecrated with the spots where Eather Fitton preached. 
 
 Holy Oils of ordination, and that was and administered the sacraments to 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 faithful and de\oted bands of Catho- 
 lics. Ofttimes with nO' covering but 
 the broad canopy of heaven and upon 
 a temporary and roughly constructed 
 altar he offered up the sacrifice of the 
 Mass. His labors were prodigious. 
 Cold, hunger, storm, suffering, nothing 
 seemed able to stay this saintly man. 
 He made the beginning of ten parishes 
 in Connecticut, twelve in Massachu- 
 setts and others in the different New 
 England States. Later, when his unre- 
 mitting labors and increasing years 
 began to warn him that a life of such 
 hardship and activity must cease, he 
 was stationed in Boston, where he con- 
 tinued his work for the glory of God, 
 erecting three churches in that city. 
 To his zeal for Catholic education the 
 Catholics of Worcester and all New 
 England are indebted for the begin- 
 ning of that splendid educational in- 
 stitution, the College of the Holy 
 Cross. This was the character of the 
 priest who built the first Catholic 
 church in Worcester. He found his 
 tiock, though few in numbers, deter- 
 mined and anxious to have a church 
 of their own. At the first Mass that 
 Father Fitton celebrated the sum of 
 five hundred dollars was collected to 
 form the nucleus of a church fund, a 
 remarkable sum in those days and 
 probably contributed by less than fifty 
 persons. Encouraged by the spirit of 
 zeal on the part of his people. Father 
 Fitton immediately began to look 
 about him to obtain a desirable church 
 site. Fie encountered difficulties, 
 owing to the objection of some of the 
 natives to selling land for such a pur- 
 pose as the building of a Catholic 
 church; but, as has been stated, the 
 spot where the present St. John's 
 stands was finally secured through the 
 kindly assistance of William Lincoln. 
 It was the heart of an old pasture, with 
 only a by-path running through it. 
 The corner-stone of a small church 
 62x32 feet was laid July 7, 1834, and 
 was dedicated in 1836, much to the joy 
 of the few Catholics of that day. It was 
 named Christ Church and it was the 
 
 first church in the now diocese of 
 Springfield. It was a modest begin- 
 ning and did not presage the remark- 
 able growth of Catholicity in Worces- 
 ter since that time. Twelve churches 
 are now occupied for Catholic wor- 
 ship, some of them among the hand- 
 somest church structures in the State. 
 The "old" St. John's, as the older resi- 
 dents affectionately term it, stands to- 
 day almost as it stood when it was 
 dedicated in 1846, by Right Rev. 
 Bishop Fitzpatrick. It succeeded 
 Christ Church, which in ten years had 
 become too small to accommodate all 
 the Catholics in town. It was con- 
 sidered an elegant structure in those 
 days, as indeed it must have been, for 
 it still retains an imposing and solid 
 appearance. 
 
 There have been many able and 
 eloquent priests connected with this 
 parish, among them Rev. John Boyce, 
 a distinguished lecturer and a gifted 
 writer, who is known to the world 
 under the noni de plume of Paul Pep- 
 pergrass. 
 
 "Shandy McGuire," one of Father 
 Boyce's first literary ventures, at- 
 tracted the notice of two continents, 
 and was translated into the different 
 languages, while the literary world 
 predicted for its author a brilliant 
 career. Dr. Brownson, in a review of 
 this book at the time of its publication, 
 assigned to Father Boyce rank as a 
 writer above Moore, Griflin or any of 
 the Irish writers of that dav. The late 
 Bishop O'Reilly has been heard to say 
 that he considered Father Boyce when 
 at his best, the most eloquent preacher 
 he had heard, and in his judgment 
 superior to the great Dominican, 
 Father Tom Burke. While the out- 
 side world knew Father Boyce best as 
 a man of extraordinary literarv talents 
 and eloquence, his own parishioners in 
 St. John's loved him for his holy zeal 
 and his boundless acts of charity. His 
 name has a lasting place in the mem- 
 orv of the Catholics of fortv years ago. 
 At his death in 1864 no less than one 
 hundred prelates and priests and five 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTEK. 
 
 thousand laynuMi were in attendance 
 at his fimcral obsequies. 
 
 The late Right Rev. 1'. T. ()d>ieilly. 
 D. D., the first bishop of the Spriuij- 
 field (Hocese, went out from St. John's 
 to assume the labors of his episcopacy. 
 He came as an assistant to l'"ather 
 Boyce in 1857, just after his own ordi- 
 nation to the ]M-iestho()d, and licre. as 
 
 close of his episcopacy a s^-reat diocese 
 wlnjse burden he had btjrne so suc- 
 cessfully to the control of over two 
 hundred loyal, learned and iniited 
 priests. 
 
 The eloquent and scholarly rector of 
 the Catholic University, Right Rev. 
 Thomas J. Conaty, D. "D., served his 
 curac\- in this church before he was 
 
 ViCRY HH\-. JOHN J. I'OWKR, V. G. 
 
 curate and priest, zealously and lov- 
 ingly, an example of every priestly 
 virtue, he labored until his consecra- 
 tion in 1870, at the age of thirty-seven 
 years, the then youngest bishop in the 
 country. IJishop Healy said of him 
 that "he found the diocese of wood and 
 left it of precious stones." For 
 twenty-two years he ruled the diocese 
 with wisdom and love, building 
 churches, schools, convents. hos])itals 
 and oq^hanages, and leaving at the 
 
 appointed to the pastorate of the Sa- 
 cred Heart. The permanent rector of 
 Chicopee, who did much for the 
 younger people of Worcester and who 
 is known as a pulpit orator of distin- 
 guished attainment, Rev. John J. Mc- 
 Coy, also servetl his curacy here, 
 as likewise did Rev. Dr. Garri- 
 gan, the vice rector of the Catholic 
 University. But after all that may be 
 said in praise of the others, the priest 
 who is best known by the present St. 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 John's people is Mgr. Griffin, D. D., 
 the present pastor, who came to St. 
 John's fresh from his ordination to 
 the Holy Priesthood. This was in 
 1867, during the pastorate of the 
 late Bishop O'Reilly. "From him 
 to whom much has been given 
 much will be required" applies with 
 peculiar force to Mgr. Grif^n. When 
 he succeeded to the charge of St. 
 John's he assumed the administra- 
 tion of the affairs of the largest parish 
 in the Springfield diocese. But he 
 added to his priestly labors by the 
 erection of the Notre Dame Convent 
 School for Girls, the largest school of 
 this description in the diocese. He 
 later built a school of large propor- 
 tion for boys, and planned it to meet 
 the needs of six hundred scholars. He 
 purchased the estate upon which was 
 established in 1893 the House of 
 Providence Hospital. In recognition 
 of his great labors the Holy Father in 
 1889 made Father Griffin a domestic 
 prelate, and in the same year he was 
 further honored with the Doctorate of 
 Divinity by St. Mary's Seminary, Bal- 
 timore, where he made his theological 
 studies. To quote a prominent rector 
 of the Springfield diocese who' for 
 eight years served as a curate at St. 
 John's: "He is a strong man of clear 
 head and honest heart. His learning is 
 more solid and serious than showy. 
 He is not an orator; but no man of 
 the Springfield diocese can talk- 
 sounder sense or fill his sermons with 
 greater weight of truth's real gold. 
 He has had the revenues of a large 
 and generous parish for years; yet 
 those who know him best know him 
 to be a poor man, who has spent his 
 means in God's work and is now 
 rounding out a good life in ceaseless 
 watching of church and school and 
 convent and hosijital. 
 
 "Facile princeps!" Priest and lay- 
 man, Catholic and Protestant, without 
 exception accord this title to the cler- 
 gyman longest in continuous service in 
 VVorcester, Very Rev. John J. Power, 
 
 D. D., the Vicar General of the dio- 
 cese. No man in the community for 
 forty years and more has exercised a 
 greater influence among the people. 
 He is distinguished for his learning, 
 and as a pulpit orator has a charm 
 and iniluence peculiarly his own. His 
 reputation for eloquence is not con- 
 fined to his own diocese, and his 
 Lenten sermons for many years have 
 attracted congregations only limited 
 by the capacity of his church. With 
 an outer bearing somewhat bordering 
 on austerity, to those who know him 
 best the simplicity and gentleness that 
 always characterize a manly man 
 are both shown in him to a marked 
 degree. Among the older settlers and 
 those of his own congregation he is 
 invariably referred to by the most 
 aft'ectionate title of Father John. 
 Punctuality, truthfulness and honesty 
 are three virtues that emphasize them- 
 selves with him, and without these no 
 one could expect to remain long 
 worthy of his esteem. Rev. Dr. 
 Power promoted the first public hos- 
 pital the city ever knew. He main- 
 tains an orphanage now fostered by 
 the diocese to some extent, but always 
 dependent upon him for support. He 
 has been a valuable member of the 
 School Committee and a trustee of the 
 Public Library, — in all positions a 
 credit to himself, the city and the 
 Catholic people. His first pastorate 
 was St. Anne's, where he remained for 
 sixteen years until 1872. In 1869, 
 under his direction, was laid the 
 corner-stone of St. Paul's Church, 
 the finest church in Worcester and the 
 most imposing church structure in the 
 diocese. Its construction was an un- 
 dertaking such as few men would dare 
 to assume. Its cost was more than 
 $200,000, but to the shrewdness and 
 business sagacity for which Dr. Power 
 has always been distinguished, this 
 magnificent structure now stands abso- 
 lutely free from, debt; and the hope of 
 his life, as he feelingly expressed it 
 when makiii"" the clad announcement 
 
CATHOLICirV IN WORCESTER. 
 
 a few years ago, has been consuni- 
 niated. "Whatever others may do 
 after I have gone, with the help of 
 God, St. Paul's shall never again dur- 
 ing my pastorate be burdened with 
 debt," was what he said to his congre- 
 gation, and it is absolutely safe to say 
 that this will prove true. His whole 
 life has been to his people a lesson of 
 
 every action breathes of kindness, and 
 he is as much beloved by his people 
 as he is esteemd by his associates. He 
 is the founder of the new St. Anne's 
 Church, whose corner-stone was laid 
 in 1885. Next to St. Paul's it is the 
 most commanding Catholic Church in 
 Worcester. Its cost was about $80,000 
 and its seating capacity is 1,200. In 
 
 RKV. JOHX ilOYCK (.Paul Peppergrass). 
 
 avoiding obligations difficult to meet 
 and of living within their means. 
 
 When Dr. Power, after a sixteen 
 years' pastorate, left St. Anne's for the 
 new St. Paul's, he was succeeded by 
 Rev. Dennis Scannell, who had served 
 the few years of his curacy with him. 
 No priest in the diocese is more be- 
 loved by his associates than is Father 
 Scannell. As gentle as a child, his 
 
 1895 Father Scannell celebrated the 
 twenty-fifth anniversary of his ordina- 
 tion to the priesthood, upon which 
 occasion the people of Worcester, 
 without regard to creed, united in pre- 
 senting him a testimonial such as had 
 never before been bestowed upon any 
 pastor in Worcester. The fourth 
 oldest pastor in point of service is 
 Rev. Robert Walsh, who organized 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 RKV. BANIEL F. McfMLLICUDDV. 
 
 and has been the only pastor of the 
 Church of the Immaculate Concep- 
 tion. The corner-stone of this church 
 was laid in 1873, ^^"d it is the church 
 of the Catholic people of the north 
 end of the city. Father Walsh is not 
 an ostentatious man, but like his con- 
 freres who have seen the Catholic 
 population increase and multiply, he is 
 beloved and held in affection by his 
 ])eople. 
 
 Rev. Dr. Power, Mgr. Grif^n, 
 Father Scannell and Father Walsh are 
 the four pastors around whom cluster 
 the memories of the earlier Worcester 
 Catholicity as it is known to-day, and 
 there are probably no four pastors in 
 any community who have served their 
 people for a longer number of years 
 or who are more beloved for the good 
 they have accomplished. They have 
 been safe counsellors and advisers to 
 
 those under their spiritual care, and 
 their names will be indelibly associated 
 with their churches long after they 
 have gone from their temporal pos- 
 sessions to their eternal reward. Few 
 pastors can point to such long-con- 
 tinued service in one city: Dr. Power, 
 with forty years to his credit; Mgr. 
 Griffin, thirty years; Father Scannell 
 and Father \\'alsh with almost an 
 equal number. What a lesson for 
 good this in itself contains. The first 
 pastor of the younger generation in 
 Worcester is one who has given fame 
 to the entire city. Rt. Rev. Dr. 
 Conaty served both his curacy and his 
 pastorship in this community. Of 
 late years honors have crowded them- 
 selves upon him. At a banquet given 
 at his elevation to the rectorship of the 
 Catholic University, and which was 
 attended by the most distinguished 
 citizens of Worcester, he took occa- 
 sion to say that he should always claim 
 Worcester as his home. Dr. Conaty 
 was the first pastor of the Church of 
 the Sacred Ileart. It is needless to 
 say that his reputation is national. He 
 is now a priest for quarter of a cen- 
 tury. From the beginning he has been 
 a public man. Prominent in every 
 movement in church and state long 
 before he became the director of 
 higher Catholic education in this re- 
 public, his friendship was courted by 
 statesmen of eminence in the nation. 
 The city proudly claims him as one of 
 its sons, and Protestant as well as 
 Catholic is glorified by the high 
 honors that have come to him. 
 
 Next in point of service among the 
 Catholic pastors is Rev. D. H. O'Neil, 
 who came to W^orcester as a young- 
 curate more than twenty-five years 
 ago. He built St. Peter's Church in 
 1884 and has been its only pastor. The 
 remaining Irish Catholic church is St. 
 Stephen's, whose territory was cut off 
 from St. John's in 1887. The pastor, 
 Rev. Daniel F. McGillicuddy, is Wor- 
 cester born, bred and educated. He is 
 the youngest Catholic pastor in point 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 of years in the city, lie is not so 
 young, however, but that he is already 
 (hstinguished as a man of much abiUty 
 and sound financial judgment. He is 
 not so much an orator as he is a man 
 of capacity and able management. He 
 is active in the temperance movement 
 and is at present the president of the 
 temperance societies of the diocese. 
 With the exception of his predecessor 
 at St. Stephen's, Father jMcClillicuddy 
 is the only Worcester man a pastor in 
 the home of his boyhood. Of the re- 
 maining Catholic churches in Worces- 
 ter, three are devoted to the people of 
 h>ench nationality, one for the Ital- 
 ians and one for the Poles. 
 
 In mercantile and professional life 
 men of Celtic birth and ancestry have 
 made a satisfying progress in Worces- 
 ter, and this has been specially striking 
 during the past twenty years. In 
 1877, just a generation ago, there were 
 not over three Catholic physicians in 
 the entire city, and no larger number 
 of lawyers. Xow, of 176 practicing" 
 physicians of all schools. Catholics 
 claim 35; and of tii lawyers in prac- 
 tice 26 are Catholics. This large and 
 rapid increase in the professions has 
 not come from recent emigration, as 
 it represents almost, if not entirely, 
 those native born; but it is rather be- 
 cause the Irish are a race that obey 
 the Biblical injunction to increase and 
 multiply. This lesson of a twenty 
 years' increase in the number of 
 Catholic professional men indicates 
 somewhat the probabilities of the 
 future. But no calculation of Catho- 
 lic progress now and hereafter ought 
 to be made without pausing to con- 
 sider the great debt that the present 
 generation owes to its ancestors; not 
 so much for what they as a class 
 achieved, but rather for what they 
 made it possible for the present gener- 
 ation to achieve. They laid the foun- 
 dation, slow indeed at first, for the 
 education of their children; and while 
 they came without means and with a 
 limited education themselves, they 
 did possess the one essential of good 
 
 citizenship, subnnssion to authority. 
 The early Irish emigrants in Worces- 
 ter, if they were rich in nothing else, 
 might claim an abundance of faith, 
 and that faith taught them submission 
 to Divine authority, to the law of 
 God, and submission to the consti- 
 tuted authorities of the land. In the 
 earlier years of their residence it is 
 not sur])risng that most of their chil- 
 dren who received the training of a 
 higher education followed in the foot- 
 steps of the Apostles in teaching their 
 people how to live, to create and foster 
 morality and to attain the maximum 
 degree of human happiness. 
 
 Worcester Irishmen have given to 
 the holy vocation of the priesthood not 
 less than sixty of theirsons — a remark- 
 able showing for so short a space of 
 time, but not more remarkable than 
 the advancement made by their chil- 
 dren on other lines. They are repre- 
 sented among the civil engineers, the 
 chemists, the dentists and the elec- 
 tricians. They have their young men 
 high in journalism and among the 
 most influential of W'orcester news- 
 paper men. In mercantile life many 
 have attained much success in a small 
 way, but in the larger field of trade, 
 finance and manufacture they are as 
 yet almost without representation. 
 Based on the Catholic population, 
 wealth and progress, this is not as it 
 should be. But with the results 
 achieved in other directions and profit- 
 ing by the lessons learned, the Catho- 
 lics of Worcester may reasonably hop.' 
 for a participation in these great inter- 
 ests in the coming years. 
 
 A ])ricf review of Catholic prog- 
 ress in Worcester would be incomplete 
 without a reference to the Catholic 
 Hos])ital of St. Mncent's. Its situation 
 is one of the best in W^orcester for hos- 
 pital purposes. Covering eight acres 
 of ground, it occupies as healthful and 
 connnanding a site as could be de- 
 sired. It is under the direction of a 
 connnunity of the Sisters of Provi- 
 dence, whose mother house is located 
 at Tlohoke. They have no permanent 
 
CATHOLICITY IN WORCESTER. 
 
 fund or endowment. It is not secta- 
 rian and is largely patronized by Prot- 
 estants as well as Catholics. 
 
 Worcester Catholics are proud, as 
 they have reason to be, of their Catho- 
 lic military company. The Emmet 
 Guards were organized more than 
 forty years ago as a part of the militia 
 of Massachusetts, but when fanaticism 
 was rife, they, in connection with other 
 Catholic companies, were disbanded by 
 order of the State authorities; but this 
 did not by any means quell their patri- 
 otic spirit, and when the call to arms 
 was sounded in 1861 they were among 
 the first to volunteer their services in 
 defense of the f^ag. From their ranks 
 were furnished no less than thirty-two 
 commissioned ofificers, a noble record 
 and one perhaps not exceeded by 
 many companies during the rebellion. 
 This company is perpetuated in the 
 
 Massachusetts militia of to-day by the 
 sons of these men, and occupies a high 
 place for its ef^ciency. 
 
 Besides the Washington Club, Wor- 
 cester has many Catholic organizations. 
 They include a council of the Knights of 
 Columbus, a temperance organization 
 in almost every parish and a number 
 of divisions of the Ancient Order of 
 Hibernians. They have their chari- 
 table societies, their Catholic Truth so- 
 cieties, and their Leagues of the Sacred 
 Heart, all doing good, each in its own 
 particular sphere. 
 
 In conclusion, I might reiterate 
 what I emphasized in the beginning: 
 Worcester is a good place to live in. 
 And this thriving, growing, industri- 
 ous inland city owes its present pros- 
 perity to nO' portion of its people more 
 than it does to those of the Catholic 
 faith. 
 
 ST. JOHN'S BOYS' SCHOOL, WORCESTER. 
 ERECTED BY RT. REV. THOMAS GRI FPIN, D. D. 
 
A PROSPEROUS CATHOLIC CLUB IN CENTRAL 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 By JOHN J. RIORDAN, A. M. 
 
 There is no social organization in 
 Worcester better or more favorably 
 known than the Washington Club. 
 For the past fifteen years it has been 
 distinctively the leading Catholic so- 
 ciety among the young men in the 
 city, and it has always been notable for 
 the scholarly attainments and versatile 
 accomplishments of its members. Its 
 theatrical productions which it occa- 
 sionally presents at the Worcester 
 Theatre are sure to attract the elite of 
 the city, while its banquets and social 
 gatherings are famed for their literary 
 and social merit. It includes not one 
 or two orators, but a score of brilliant 
 speakers; and in years gone by every 
 Catholic singer, almost without ex- 
 ception, has been found upon its roll 
 of membership. Under such circum- 
 stances it is not strange that the Wash- 
 ington Club should be considered one 
 of the controlling centres of the social 
 and intellectual well-being of Worces- 
 ter. It was organized in October, 
 1882, and incorporated in 1884. Its 
 coming into existence was not the 
 result of mature deliberation, nor was 
 it because there was felt to be any need 
 of such a society for the fuller enjoy- 
 ment of social acquaintanceship. It was 
 only a chance thought (suggested by 
 a passing event) that led to its forma- 
 tion. A young man, one of a party 
 of four,* gathered in social converse, 
 
 *These fovn- young men were Jno. J. 
 Riordan, the first president of the club; 
 James F. Guerin, the first secretary; 
 Lawrence W. Lehy, the first treasurer, 
 and M. F. Heffern. a member of the first 
 board of directors, and later a secretary 
 of the organization. 
 
 expressed the opinion that a closer 
 afhhation among a few young men, 
 already closely bound together, might 
 increase the happiness and pleasure of 
 all. Acting ujjon this suggestion and 
 without a smgle thouglit mat tliis or- 
 ganization would be anything more 
 than the binding more closely of a few 
 congenial spirits, the promoters of the 
 club called a meeting of those who 
 would probably give an endorsement 
 to the project. It began with an en- 
 rollment of seventeen, which formed 
 the nucleus of the present membership 
 of one hundred and forty. The begin- 
 ning was humble, as befitted an organ- 
 ization of modest means and of youth- 
 ful members, the age of its promoters, 
 with few exceptions, being under 
 twenty-one years ; but it has grown and 
 flourished, spreading out and extend- 
 ing its influence. The Washington 
 Club was not the first organization 
 among Catholic young men in Worces- 
 ter to be noticed for the prominence of 
 its members. It had a creditable prede- 
 cessor in the Grattan Literary Society, 
 which in its time included most of the 
 Catholic young men of a literary turn 
 of mind, and among whose members 
 could be found more men in propor- 
 tion to its membership who later 
 entered the professions than probably 
 anv similar organization in the Com- 
 monwealth. Many of the present 
 Catholic pastors in the Springfield 
 Diocese were in their early Worcester 
 days numbered as Grattans. It gradu- 
 ated lawvers and physicians who have 
 since become famous, but at the 
 organization of the \\'a<hington it was 
 
ir.lSHJNCTON CLi'B. 
 
 run, IP J. (('('oxxKLL. 
 
 Philip J. O'ConnclI, LL. B.. who is now 
 president of the Wasliington Chib, was born 
 in Worcester in i8;o. Irle graduated from 
 the High School in 1889, and after a few 
 years in business, entered the Boston Uni- 
 versity Law School, where he graduated 
 LL. B. in 1895. He immediately entered 
 upon the practice of law in Worcester, and 
 has already built up a lucrative business. 
 He was elected a member of the City Gov- 
 ernment in 1895, and re-elected for two 
 years in 1896, and is considered the leader 
 of the Democrats in that body. Mr. O'Con- 
 nell is a forceful speaker and a ready de- 
 bater, and has a promising career before 
 him. 
 
 ])ractica]]\- merged into it and soon 
 afterwards passed ottt of existence. 
 
 'Iliough the mcml)crship of the clul) 
 is made up exclusively of men of the 
 Catholic faith, it docs not and never 
 has fliscussed relii^ious questions 
 wiihin its doors. Its members have at 
 all times stood ready to lend a helping- 
 hand to anv charitable cause, both in- 
 
 dividually and collectively, and this 
 willingness has been often put to a 
 test; but the club makes no claim of 
 heing^ beneficent in its purposes. Poli- 
 tics are proscribed and a member's 
 l)olitical opinions are no criterion of 
 his good fellowship. During all these 
 years of vigorous, active life the only 
 standard by which a])])licants for ad- 
 mission have been judged is their 
 honesty in their dealings with their 
 fellow-man and their respectability and 
 ])ro]jity of character. Perhaps this 
 simple requirement has made the 
 Washington Club the successful or- 
 ganization that it has proved itself 
 to be. 
 
 While it is in no sense a boat- 
 ing club it maintains a handsome and 
 commodious clubhouse at Lake Ouin- 
 sigamond. the water resort of Worces- 
 
 JOHN J. RTORDAN. A. M. 
 First President. 1SS2 to 1.SS3; IS85 to 1S86 
 
IV A SHINGrON CLUB. 
 
 ter people. This lake nestles between 
 the Worcester and Shrewsbury hills 
 and is as delightful a sheet of water 
 as can be found in the State. From 
 end to end, for six miles, it stretches 
 alon"- through var\in^- scenery beauti- 
 
 being practically split in the middle, 
 which forbids a straightaway course 
 for rowing. A movement recently 
 undertaken to substitute a suspension 
 bridge for the present roadbed prom- 
 ises to make this one of the four- 
 
 WASHINGTON Cl.i;U HOUSE AT LAKH g 11 NSU i A:M0XD. 
 
 ful to contemplate. At its widest 
 point it is, from shore to shore, 
 about three-fourths of a mile in width. 
 Here Harvard and Yale, a score of 
 years ago, rowed their annual cham- 
 pionship races; but for a number of 
 years few important rowing events 
 iiave taken place, owing to the course 
 
 mile rowing courses of the country. 
 At the present time there are a full 
 dozen clubhouses on the shores of this 
 magnificent sheet of water, and most 
 of tliem of elaborate proportions; but 
 when the Washingtons decided to 
 locate a summer home in 1886, only 
 one clubhouse was to be Um\u(\ there. 
 
WASHINGTON CLUB. 
 
 MARK F. COSGROVE. 
 
 Mark F. Cosgrove, ilie third president 
 of the Washington Club, is one of Wor- 
 cester's prosperous business men. He has 
 always been identified with the shoe trade 
 since leaving school, and for the past five 
 years has been ])roprietor of one of the 
 leading shoe stores of the city. He was 
 the first Grand Knight of Worcester Coun- 
 cil of the Knights of Columbus, and he is 
 also a member of the American Order of 
 Foresters. 
 
 In 1887 the clubhouse was erected, and 
 here the members are wont to g'ather 
 in goodly numbers during the sum- 
 mer months, after the business of the 
 day is over. The club grounds com- 
 prise an acre of land on the Shrews- 
 bury side, with an uninterrupted view 
 extending for three-quarters of a mile. 
 This retreat is accessible by steamer, 
 but not as readily reached by those 
 who might come to the lake for a day's 
 outing. The clubhouse was erected at 
 an expense of over $4,000 and has 
 been arldcd to and greatly improved. 
 It was planned entirely for social pur- 
 
 poses and, with its broad verandas, 
 affords an excellent place for the mem- 
 bers to enjoy both the beautiful 
 scenery of hills and woodland and the 
 cool sunniier breezes which come 
 down the lake at this, one of its broad- 
 est j)arts. The interior is all that a 
 social club could desire. The first 
 floor is given up to an extensive lobby, 
 the dining-room, kitchen, lavatory and 
 lockers for the members. The upper 
 portion, where during the summer 
 season many important social func- 
 tions are held, includes a large assem- 
 1ily room and sleeping apartments for 
 those members who make the club- 
 house their home during this portion 
 of the year. The bathing facilities are 
 the best. Many of the members come 
 especially for this recreation, and after 
 enjoying a ciuiet lunch easily return to 
 the city in the early evening for social 
 or other engagements. 
 
 The city quarters of the club, prac- 
 tically from the beginning up to a 
 year ago, were located on Front 
 Street, opposite the Central Park in 
 \\^orcester and near the centre of busi- 
 ness. They were commodious and 
 elegantly decorated. Handsomely fur- 
 nished, they attracted the members in 
 large numbers during the fall, winter 
 and spring months. They comprised 
 a parlor of extensive proportions, an 
 assembly room and a billiard and pool 
 room. 
 
 Few Catholic men of any promi- 
 nence who have visited Worcester in 
 the last ten years have failed to visit 
 these rooms, while the impromptu 
 spreads in their honor have been nu- 
 merous and enjoyable, notably those 
 which have been given to Irishmen 
 who have lectured in Worcester in the 
 Irish cause, and those given to Ameri- 
 can actors of Irish antecedents who 
 have appeared in theatrical perform- 
 ances. 
 
 The club rooms were moved to a 
 Main Street building in November a 
 year ago. Quarters were specially pre- 
 pared and fitted for its use and were 
 
WASHINGTON CLUB. 
 
 luxuriously furnished, but a disastrous 
 fire in the early part of the present 
 year literally razed the building to the 
 Sfround, totally destrovins; evervthinof. 
 
 Street, which it has handsomely deco- 
 rated and refurnished. At one of the 
 recent anniversary celebrations the ora- 
 tor of the evening, in a descriptive 
 
 JAMES F. GUERIN. 
 
 James F. Guerin was born in Worcester 
 in 1862. After completing his education 
 in the public schools, he entered the drug 
 business and for ten years past has been 
 one of the leading druggists of Worcester. 
 He is a prominent member of the Maissa- 
 chusetts State Pharmaceutical Association, 
 and is now serving his third year as Sec- 
 retary of that Board. He is an ex-Presi- 
 dent of St. Anne's Temperance Society, and 
 was a leading member of the Worcester 
 
 School Board for 'six years from 1887-1893, 
 being one of the youngest men ever elected 
 to that body. Mr. Guerin was the prime 
 mover in organizing the Washingtons, 
 serving as secretary for four years, as vice- 
 president one year; and president two years, 
 1887-1889. He is also a member of the 
 American Order of Foresters and of the 
 A. O. H., is a trustee of St. Vincent's Hos- 
 pital, and has been identified with all Cath- 
 olic movements of late years in Worcester. 
 
 and with it went all the valuable pos- 
 sessions of the Washingtons. including 
 costly paintings and elegant memen- 
 toes presented by other organizations. 
 The club has just entered into new 
 quarters in the building erected on the 
 site of its former rooms on Main 
 
 review, among other good things, 
 said: 
 
 "A city thrives and prospers in 
 proportion to the number of skilled 
 artisans it contains and in the means 
 of employment it furnishes for them. 
 How much more strongly can this be 
 
ll\ISII/\GTON CLUB. 
 
 men have organized clul)s patterned 
 after the Washington, and it is a 
 ])leasure to contemplate that our repu- 
 tation has not confined itself to our 
 own city, but has extended its influ- 
 ence throughout the State. In all the 
 vears of our existence I do not think- 
 that the club has taken a backward 
 
 THOMAS J. BARRETT. 
 
 Thomas J. Barrett, D. D. S., is a grad- 
 uate of tlie Worcester schools and of the 
 Philadelphia Dental College. He has been 
 in practice as a dentist in Worcester for the 
 pa;t twelve years, and is very prominent 
 in his profession. He was appointed by 
 the late Governor Russell a member of the 
 State Board of Dentistry, and re-appointed 
 by Governor Wolcott. Dr. Barrett has 
 been frequently mentioned for political 
 office, but has always refused to be con- 
 sidered in that respect. He was the fourth 
 president of the Washingtons, is president 
 of the Wapiti Club, a member of the Elks, 
 the Clover Club in Boston, and of many 
 other organizations. 
 
 said of an organization which em- 
 braces active minds educated in many 
 different directions, where all meet 
 upon a conunon basis and where each 
 may glean from those about him. 
 When we remember that our member- 
 ship is greatly varied it is little to be 
 wondered at after all that we have pros- 
 pered and have so much to be thankful 
 for. Tn other cities voung Catholic 
 
 M. J. P. McCAFFERTY. 
 
 M. J. P. McCafferty, the sixth president 
 of the Washingtons. has been identified 
 with Worcester interests since leaving 
 school. He is the agent and superinten- 
 dent of the Worcester Cycle Manufacturing 
 Co., and previously the manager of the 
 Worcester Steel Works. For twelve years 
 from 1883 to 1895, Mr. McCafferty was a 
 member of the Worcester School Board, 
 serving for more than half of that period 
 as the chairman of the important com- 
 mittee on Evening Schools, and is a trus- 
 tee of St. Vincent's Hospital. Mr. Mc- 
 Cafferty is a nephew of the late Judge Mc- 
 Cafferty, and is a man of sterling worth, 
 possessing the confidence of the entire com- 
 munity. 
 
jun 
 
 13 1907 
 
 WASHINGTON CLUB. 
 
 / ' ^'■ 
 
 EDWARD J. McMAUdX. 
 
 Edward J. McMahon, LL. B., graduated 
 from the Worcester High School in 1881 
 and from the Boston University Law 
 School in 1885, LL. B., cum laude. He has 
 been in practice in Worcester since that 
 time, and he has built up a large and lucra- 
 tive clientage. He was a member of the 
 Worcester City Government from 1889 to 
 1893, and was the Democratic leader in 
 that body, serving on the most important 
 committees. He has been the nominee of 
 his party for District Attorney. Clerk of 
 Courts nnd Senator for his district. He is 
 well known as an orator of exceptional 
 force and delivered the addresis in behalf 
 of the laymen at the St. John's Parish Jubi- 
 lee celebration, and he has frequently ap- 
 peared as a public speaker. Mr. McMahon 
 
 was the eighth president of the Washing- 
 ton Club. He is a Past Chancellor of the 
 Knights of Columbus, a member of the 
 A. O. H. and of the B. P. O. Elks, and is 
 one of the most prominent of Worcester's 
 younger citizens. 
 
 step. We have had the confidence 
 and respect of our friends durhig 
 these years, and never for a moment 
 has there been any doubt of our retain- 
 ing it, nor has it been even remotely 
 suggested, as it has been so often 
 said of social chibs, that the young 
 man crossing our portals 'leaves him- 
 self open to serious danger of con- 
 tamination.' " 
 
 The minstrel performances, which 
 were annual events for years, were 
 the social events of Worcester. The 
 club beyond most organizations is 
 gifted with writers, singers and ama- 
 teur actors, many of whom would 
 adorn the professional boards. It has 
 just entered upon the sixteenth year 
 of its existence and gives promise of 
 flourishing and continuing an import- 
 ant factor in the Heart of the Com- 
 monwealth for an indefinite number of 
 years to come. The list of presidents 
 upon whose shoulders has rested the 
 responsibility of conducting the club's 
 affairs incltides the names of many 
 gentlemen wdio are among the promi- 
 nent citizens of Worcester. In the 
 order of election thev are as follows: 
 John T. Riordan, 1882-83, 1885-86: 
 John J. Casey, 1883-85; Mark F. Cos- 
 grove, 1886-87: James F. Guerin. 
 1887-89: Thomas j. Barrett, 1889-91: 
 M. J. P. McCafiferty, 1891-92; Patrick 
 O'Day, 1892-93; Edward J. McMahon, 
 1893-94; Edmund J. Somers, 1894-95; 
 John B. Ratigan, 1895-96; Thomas 
 H. I^all, 1896-97; I^hilip J. O'Con- 
 nell, iS97. 
 
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