Cross Cut saws AND HOW TO KEEP THEM UP By W. S. TAYLOR Price, Twenty -five Cents Copyright 1922, by W. S. Taylor TT3 0EC-5- 2? CU69169J *\< •/ /)/ CROSS CUT SAWS AND HOW TO KEEP THEM UP. By W. S. Taylor. Question 1. Why can some men cut more timber with a two cutter cross cut saw than a fcur cutter? Answer. They do not understand filing* and jointing. You can pull a two cutter when not properly adjust- ed, but not a four cutter. There are n ore cutting points in the four cut- ter which will pull harder than the two cutter. This gives many users the id "a ihat the two cutter will cut more timber. The fact is this per- centage of users can not put either saw ready for service. There are no two cutter saws. They are one cut- there being one tooth sec in op- posite direction between two rakers and by the loss of a tooth or paint there is no other tooth to take its place in a section, two teeth and two rakers. This would make a so-called four cutter only a two cutter, but they are known as two and fcur cutters. Question 2. Why do practically all the larger lumber and timber com- panies use fcur cutters only? Answer. JBeeause when properly prepared the four cutter will cut faster and last longer, and all large lumber or timber companies have first class cress cut filers to -'keep the saws up. Page Three Question 3. Why are narrow four cutters more practical than wider saws? Answer. Six inches and under in the center are narrow saws; over six inches are classed as wide saws. Probably the more a man knows about upkeep the more narrow saws will be demanded. Besides a narrow blade will give more clearance in the log. Often wide saws bucking off the log or, chopping out the blade with the ax when in a small log pinch; they also accumulate rosin in pine cutting. The narrow blade eliminates friction and uses less kercsene oil. They are manufactured on scientific mechanical ideas. (So the more complicated in construction.) Will cut easier and faster when understood. Question 4. Why are the 14x20 and 14x19 gauge saws being demanded instead of the wide thick back saws? Answer. Because they pull lighter and give more clearance. Question 5. Should users bear down on the blade when sawing logs or timber to get a greater capacity? Answer. Not unless the blade has lost, or never received the raker ad- justment. The rakers sometimes called drags, must absolutely have the correct length to suit the kind of cutting or size of timber, either hard- wood or softwood, and should be swaged and hooked. This saw with proper raker adjustment will not need the old method of bearing down and pushing. Puj/e Four Question 6. What is the longest Fuccessful cross cut and where used? Answer. Twenty feet, and used on the Pacific coast. Question 7. What is the scientific rule applied in selecting the fastest cutting saw from stcck? Answer. The fastest cutting cross cut will have the a-reatest number of cutting points, not less than 3-8 inch wide and protected by shapely teeth, rakers, and sufficient gullet space. Question 8. Should loop or end handles be used? Answer. Loop. They are usually shorter and can be removed or ap- plied quicker in case of accident. Question 9. Should long or short handles be used? Answer. Short. They make the blade run much stiffer, cut straighter through the log. When your saw be- comes short or the teeth in the cen- ter of saw from jointing or wear cut off your handles 1 inch to one fourth of inch of loss of teeth by wear or ser- vice. Question 10. Will the round point tooth cut as "fast as the straight bevel? Answer. Probably faster, but it will take longer to file a saw with the round point. In filing the round point be sure that you do not file Page Five below the jointing. This would ex- pose the raker, making the saw pull hard. Question 11. What is the best grade of steel now used in cross cut saws ? Answer. Good Tungston with a mild temper. All manufacturers are now using good steel in saws that will receive the hammer for swagemg the rakers. Question 12. Why do some users break the cutting points with setting hammer? Answer. Because they do not re- tain the shape and file bevel that the factory gave them. Question 13. Will the wide 14x20 gauge saw pull as easy as the nar- row 14x20 gauge blade? Answer. No. See Answer to Ques- tion No. 3. Question 14. What is the standard circle to the cutting side of a cross cut saw? Answer. That which is obtained by the movement of the blade across the log to make every tooth cut from bark to bark for each stroke of the saw. Question 15. Does a standard cross cut saw increase or decrease in cutting as it wears down? Payc Suv Answer. A new saw will increase as the proper adjustment is discover- ed, usually three to five filings and jointings, then a gradual decrease as the blade wears down to the sectional bar holding the teeth together. Never use a pull set especially on short teeth. Question 16. What pattern file she aid be used on cross cut saws? Answer. Seven inch fine. Six inch will do. No operator can pre- pare a saw, with a 10 inch mill saw file for jointing and fliing, an iron v/edge, back of the axe, or sledge ham- mer for anvil. Nail hammers, Kress or Woolworth hammers for setting. Or one eye shut for a spider. Use the best factory saw tools only, for results. Question 17. What is a competent set or anvil for cross cuts? Answer. Factory anvils tempered and three times as heavy as the ham- mer used, say 18 to 24 ounces and hammer not over 10 ounces. Use while saw is in rack. Question 18. What saw tool has the greatest accomplishments for jointing the teeth on a man move- ment circle, and the rakers fcr any desired length? Answer. All factories build saw tools that will do the work. The sec-ret of success is the knowledge of the user to give them proper ad- justment for the service required. Pa