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PROHIBITION 
 
 rs 
 
 LICENSE. 
 
 BY 
 
 D. S. DUUGAN, 
 
 jiu^hor of On the ^ocA;, 
 
 "■ License to. make the strong man weak ? 
 License Xhe wife's fond heart to break ? 
 License to kindle hate and strife ? 
 pceuse to whet the murderer's knife ? " 
 
 ' "■ •"■/RIGHT '*>?X 
 .'•5 , col 
 
 OsKALOosA, Iowa : ~ :>■ .... c* * .^-^ 
 
 CENTRAL BOOK CONCERN, 
 1875 
 
r 
 
 Entered according to act of Congress, in tke year 1875 by 
 
 CENTRAL BOOK CONCERN, 
 
 i» the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washiugton. D. C. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The serial published some months ago in the 
 Evangelist, entitled '' Prohibition vs License/' 
 awoke much interest in the subjects discussed, 
 and there have been so many demands for back 
 papers, which cannot be suppb'ed, we have, after 
 many urgent requests by prominent citizens, 
 both in and out of the church, consented to 
 publish these articles in tract form. 
 
 Consequently we have re-arranged the arti- 
 cles for the form in which they are now pre- 
 sented. Besides we have added one chapter to 
 the original matter. 
 
 As to the contents of the work, you must be 
 your own judge. But I sincerely hope that it 
 may contribute something toward that senti- 
 ment that will enable us to deal justly and 
 sensibly with the evils of intemperance. 
 
PROHIBITION vs LICENSE. 
 
 CHAPTER I, 
 
 A STATEMENT OF THE QUESTION, WITH mTKO- 
 DUCTORY REMARKS, 
 
 For many years temperance men have been 
 struggling to put away the iniquity of drunk- 
 enness, and reclaim the fallen. Much has beer 
 done, but very much yet remains to be done« 
 That intemperance is an evil^ every reader of 
 these pages is supposed to fully believe. You 
 are supposed also to know that the sale and use 
 of intoxicating liquors as a beverage, is the great- 
 est of financial curses. And also that the use that 
 is now made of these liquors, stands in the way of 
 the education of our people, withholding many 
 hundreds of thousands of our children from 
 our public schools, and in the way of our re- 
 ligion, and all good morals. Such primary les- 
 sons you are supposed to have learned. But 
 the practical question of to-day is, how shall 
 we free our country from the traffic in intox- 
 icants? Here we may differ. We do not claim 
 that our judgment is at all infallible in such 
 matters, yet we have had enough experience in 
 the war with the giant to entitle our thoughts 
 to some consideration. 
 
8 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 The first view of the subject to which we pay 
 our respects is, that we must license the traffic 
 thus putting it under the control of law. In 
 order to such a license a man may be required to 
 have so many free-holders in the precinct, to 
 ask for such license for said saloonist, assuring 
 the proper officers that he is a gentleman of 
 good moral character and standing. Thus will 
 we be able to prevent the lowest class of men^ 
 from obtaining license or engaging in the busi- 
 ness. That any man supposes that there is any 
 common sense in that plea, taxes our credulity 
 greatly to believe. In the first place, no man 
 of good moral character would ever want to 
 sell whiskey. And in the second place, any 
 free-holder that would go on a man's bond in 
 order that he might have license to poison his 
 fellow-men, would not be particular whether 
 the man had a character or not ; in the opinion 
 of such men, character is not essential to the 
 business! Besides, it is superlative folly to 
 talk of controlling a crime by licensing it. We 
 are not so simple about other things. No man 
 pleads for a license to steal or murder, and yet 
 these crimes are far less injurious to the public 
 than that of selling whiskey. It comes then, 
 so far as v/e may reason the question, to this : 
 to sell intoxicants is a crime, and cannot, there- 
 fore, in the very nature of things be licensed, 
 but must be prohibited. 
 
CHAPTER IL 
 
 DECEPTION AND EVASIVENESS OF THE LICENSE 
 
 SYSTEM. 
 
 It is assumed that intoxicating beverages will 
 be sold and drank ; and that while the evil 
 cannot b'.^ prevented, it may be so rc^gulated as 
 to make it less injurious to the world by pre- 
 venting that kind of houses in which men are 
 most likely to be ruined. 
 
 But if licensing the liquor traffic resulted as 
 they argue that it should, still the system 
 would be wrong. If it would prevent the low- 
 est Kind of doggeries a:^d only permit those 
 approximating more nearly to respectability, 
 the result would be all the worse. No man be- 
 comes a drunkard, at most but few, from the 
 temptations held out at the lower order of sa- 
 loons. The young man does not see there the 
 kind of dram-drinker that he would prefer to 
 be; their noses are too blue and their clothes 
 too tattered and torn ; and his self-respect abso- 
 lutely shrinks from going in with. such a filthy 
 set. But it is when he passes one of those 
 brilliantly illuminated halls, where no drunk- 
 ards are permitted to obtain anything to drink ; 
 
 where Judge goes, and where honorable 
 
 men ^^ not a few ^' obtain ^^ a little wine for the 
 stomach's sake and their often infirmities ; '^ 
 where everything is done up in the most gen- 
 
10 PROHIBITIOK VS LICENSE. 
 
 teel style that business of such a nature will 
 permit, that he feels disposed to pass an hour in 
 watching a game of billiard:?, and even to take 
 a glass of some '^ 'perfectly harmless temperance 
 drinlc,^^ Now what endangers public safety in 
 the matter of intemperance, is the constantly 
 recruiting efforts that are being made. If there 
 were not six hundred thousand new tipplers 
 added to the roll annually, drunkards would 
 become extinct in a few years. Sixty thousand 
 of them go to an untimely grave every year, 
 which would soon thin their ranks if it were 
 not for the fact that their places are being filled 
 by others who are decoyed into the meshes of 
 iniquity by the more attractive places and the 
 more honorable gentlemen who go there. But 
 if the saloons were all kept on the low order 
 that some of them are, but very few would be 
 deceived by them. But when the business can 
 be elevated to the plane proposed by the license 
 system, then there is danger ; for deception is 
 then made easy. 
 
 Right here, again, I fault the system, in that 
 it refuses liquor to the man that is in the habit 
 of becoming intoxicated, or who is in a state 
 of intoxication, as well as to minors. True, 
 none of these restrictions are regarded by rum- 
 sellers ; for a man that is mean enough t© 
 engage in that business has no real respect for 
 the law. And the idea that he could ever find 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 11 
 
 a man too drunk or unsteady^ or too young to 
 need a drink if he has the money to pay for it, 
 is preposterous in the extreme. What does he 
 know or care about such things? What he 
 does business for is the money. If he gets it, 
 he is satisiied. H^ vv he gets it, he has decided 
 to be none of your business. 
 
 But suppose that they had a conscience lil^e 
 other men, and would follow out the demands 
 of law. What then ? Only this : they would 
 sell by the dram to a young man until his sys- 
 tem would become so entirely under the influ- 
 ence of the poison, and his common sense 
 should so fail, and he would lose his self-respect 
 to the extent of becoming willing to be known 
 as a drunkard, then they would shut him out 
 of doors and declare him an unfit subject to 
 deal with. But when a man has fallen so low 
 as that, he will send for it by the quantity and 
 drink it somewhere else. While this pretended 
 decency of the law would not protect the peo- 
 ple that it had permitted first to be ruined, it 
 would only become the more powerful to en- 
 tangle the youn^ and unsuspecting into that 
 web of iniquity from which they find them 
 selves unable to escape. 
 
 But some one says, it is a source of revenue, 
 and asissts in educating our children. I think 
 if our children are to be educated on this kind 
 of tax, it will be a feature of syntax (sintax) 
 
12 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 not before understood. Let us look this thing 
 in the face. One hundred producers make ab- 
 solute net gain of one thousand apiece. Out 
 of this all their expenses are to be met. Would 
 it increase their ability to educate their children 
 to take half of their produce and burn it? 
 And yet they would better burn it than rot it 
 and make it into alcohol to poison themselves 
 with ! Now what is not proper for a hundred 
 men to doj is not proper tor a thousand^ or a 
 million, or a nation to do. The truth is, in so far 
 as the license system permits the sale of intox- 
 icants, it withholds both the ability and the 
 dispiisition to educate the children. What is 
 gained, therefore, by license in the way of ed- 
 ucational funds has been lost a thousand times 
 in morals, industry, stability, intelligence, and 
 general prosperity. My whole nature spurns 
 the idea of gathering a little tax at the expense 
 of blood ! Gathered from the dying groans of 
 the drunkard, the sighs of the broken-hearted 
 widow, and the piercing cries of helpless, hun- 
 gry, orphans! Let us cease to lull our con- 
 sciences to sleep by such feeble attempts at 
 logic as that of taxing whiskey to educate our 
 childreue 
 
 We have been trying to show that the license 
 system is wrong in its very nature. That is, 
 we have furnished a few specimens of practical 
 injustice. To those vvho have devoted much 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 13 
 
 time to the subject^ we have already said more 
 than was strictly necessary. But it is not 
 every good temperance man that is fully in- 
 formed on all these questions. Hence the 
 necessity of having a fair understanding with 
 our friends. I cannot leave this part of my 
 subject without further reference to the essen- 
 tial error of the license system. 
 
 If the sale of intoxicating drinks is a proper 
 and ])rofitable pursuit, then why fine it before- 
 hand ? The license system reminds me of the 
 man who always kicked his boys whenever they 
 jjassed him. He said it they did not need it 
 then, they soon would. So our law seems to 
 regard the traffic in liquors as being essentially 
 v/rong, and therefore to be punished by fine to 
 begin with. 
 
 1 hate a monopoly in anything, for it can 
 only had to tyranny ; at least such is its history. 
 But why a monopoly should be allowed in rum- 
 selling more than in anything else, I do not 
 know. As to its preventing bad men from sell- 
 ing, is the merest nonsense in existence. — 
 Scarcely will any other man seek for or obtain 
 a license; for no man who has the cause of 
 humanity at heart will, understandingly, engage 
 in such a nefarious business. Hence it makes 
 money the standard of character necessary to 
 engage in this traffic. Now, I think that any 
 poor wretch who may want to deal out poison 
 
14 PROHIBITION V8 LICENSE. 
 
 by the ten cents' worth, ought to have the same 
 right to take the life of his fellow man for 
 raoney that the rich man has. As this is a free 
 country, let him exercise his gift. The whiskey 
 that he would sell would only make loafers, 
 loungers, vagabonds : brutalize, debauch, ruin, 
 blunt all the finer sensibilities of the soul, 
 cause poverty, destroy the peace in the family 
 and in society, dethrone the reason and wreck 
 the manhood; sow the seeds ot degradation 
 and death ; bloat and blacken and blister a:nd 
 blight the body ; fill the country with helpless 
 orphans and broken-hearted widows, and cover 
 the land with shame and disgrace, just the 
 same as that which is sold by that more fortu- 
 nate gentleman who is able to sport ^^ a good 
 moral character !'' And hence the injustice 
 of our law must be apparent, as it refuses one 
 of the inalienable (?) rights lo a poor, worthless 
 creature, for no other reason than his want of 
 money to buy license to kill men and be happy 
 and respectable ! 
 
 But there is sometimes a plea made for the 
 license law like this : We must license the 
 sale of rum, so that it may come legitimately 
 under the control and regulation of law.—- 
 Such a plea, how^ever, is so utterly void of any 
 common sense that we would here pay it no 
 attention, but for our respect for those who 
 offer it. There are many crimes of minor im- 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 15 
 
 portance that onr law deals with bv prohibiting 
 them. If any man would ar^^^^ th-at we must 
 license theft, or larceny, or fraud, in order to 
 bring it under the control of law, it would only 
 excite contempt for the author. The argument 
 itself is really based upon the idea that selling 
 whiskey is not wrong iu itself; but it is only 
 when abused by being conducted in an im- 
 proper manner. This, however, we have al- 
 ready considered, and have decided that the 
 traffic in intoxicants is the most withering, 
 blio^htino^ curse that has ever befallen our coun- 
 try. Sril! further we have seen that when the 
 saloon is raised in the scale of its degradation 
 looking toward decency, its power for evil is 
 increased ; that it then becomes capable of de- 
 ceiving many who would never be decoyed into 
 one of those lower haunts of vice. Hence, the 
 saloon business is a crime again-t humanity, 
 and, like any other crime, cannot be regulated. 
 That is not what law proposes to do with crime. 
 Suppose that we talk sentimentally about reg- 
 ulating murder by law ? Our logic would then 
 only equal that of those who argue that we 
 must regulate the rum traffic— by a license law ! 
 If a man must buy a license in order to sell 
 whiskey, I can see no reason why he ought not 
 to be permitted to drink it in the same w^ay. 
 When a man drinks he endangers not only him- 
 self but his property, and the lives of other men, 
 
16 PEOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 and even the lives of his wife and children. A 
 man is therefore criminal when he does that 
 which he knows leads to destruction and mis- 
 ery, or, at least, to the probability of such 
 things. Now if crime is to be regulated by law, 
 especially that of the sale of alcohol, I cannot 
 see why a man should not be required to take 
 out a license to drink it. This, too, might go 
 to increase the school fund ! And a man would 
 then have purchased the riglit to any kind of a 
 debauch that might happen to suit his peculiar 
 taste. It would then be his right to squander 
 his means with the ^' gentlemen of good moral 
 character and standing '^ who have been em- 
 ployed by the people to corrupt their sons, im 
 poverish the community, and ruin the country. 
 Having purchased this liberty with a great sum 
 of money, he would then be free, not only to 
 drink whiskey, but to commit whatever crimes 
 it might prompt. And whatever of infamy, of 
 theft, of lust unbridled, of brutality, beastiality 
 and loathsomeness that would naturally follow 
 his inebriety, would have all been arranged and 
 provided for by the prepaid indulgence ! No 
 man could then call in question his right to 
 beat his wife for not having dinner ready f r 
 her lord, when there was nothing to make it of, 
 or no fuel to cook it with, for this would be one 
 of the consequential privileges that he would 
 have purchased in obtaining his license ! This 
 
PEOHIBITIOK VS LICENSE. 17 
 
 would surely make it all right. No one could 
 object to a gentleman like that having the priv- 
 ilege of wrecking his manhood^ impoverishing 
 his family^ and losing his own soul, especially 
 if he would first pay a small sum of money in- 
 to our school fund for such a pleasure and priv- 
 ilege ! Besides, it would not at all inconven- 
 ience him. He could as easily prove a good 
 character before the law as the saloon-keeper. 
 Let the license law then be made consistent 
 with itselfj or let it be repealed. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 WHAT IS DONE IN THE SALOONS AND WHAT 
 SALOON-KEEPERS KNOW OF THEIR TRAFFIC. 
 
 The saloon-keeper knows that his business is 
 infamous ; that he is hurrying men into the 
 grave ; that he is impoverishing the people ; 
 that he is corrupting society. Rev. John Rus- 
 sell of Detroit, Michigan, tells us that in a lec- 
 ture one night on the subject of temperance he 
 spoke in the presence of a leading rumseller. 
 That evening he happened to be unusually se- 
 vere on saloon-keepers, throwing at them what 
 
18 PEOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 his insight would f-nable him to say of th- ir 
 death-olealiog trade. Alter the iectiire he was 
 introduced to the liquor man, when the fallow- 
 ing conversation was had : — 
 
 Saloonist.— -^^ Well, Mr. Russell, you were a 
 little hard on whiskey-sellers.''^ 
 
 ^^ Yes, sir, I did the best I knew, yet I was 
 not vain enough to suppose that I was capable 
 of equalling the facts. ^* 
 
 ^^ I see, sir,'^sald the saloonist ^^thatyou do not 
 understand the infernal business as well as I 
 do.'^ 
 
 There is many a trutli told in a jest, and I 
 think that that was one. Those men know 
 more of their own meanness than we do. They 
 are not at all ignorant of th.e results of their 
 business. They are by no means proud of their 
 work. The machinist, the farmer, the tailor, 
 the boot-maker, are all proud of their most suc- 
 cessful efforts. But if the saloon-keeper sees 
 one of his customers wallowing in a drunken 
 fit, he does not invite the attention of the pass- 
 ing crowed to the evidences of his success in his 
 ^' legitimate calling. ^^ No, indeed, he feels that 
 the less said about his success the better. 
 
 ^^Why don^t these "gentlemen of good moral 
 character ^^ attend the State fairs "and compete 
 for the prize? Why do the committees con- 
 stantly forget to advertise the regular prizes for 
 the most successful effort in this " honorable 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 19 
 
 calliiig?" T iiijagiue one of them renting a 
 stall on the fair-ground, and putting into it a 
 sample of his work. And when the proper 
 committee passes that way, he calls their atten- 
 tion to his work. — ^^Now, gentlemen, do you see 
 that poor, thinly clad, half- starved, pale, deject- 
 ed looking woman there in that corner?'^ 
 
 ^^Yes.^^ 
 
 ^'Well, those ragged, starved, frightened 
 looking children are hers ; arnH they woe-be- 
 gone, til o ugh T^ 
 
 ^'They are indeed.'^ 
 
 ^'Now, gentlemen, look at that bloated, stu- 
 pid, idiotic, ragged, don^fc-care-a-continental 
 looking specimen of the genus homo? Isn^t he 
 about as low down as you can get ^em on top 
 of dirt? eh ? Did you ever see a more com- 
 j)letely demoralized, befuddled, dumbfounded, 
 everlastingly-done- for piece of humanity, since 
 Judas Iscariot slew Job with a cane ? Now 
 did ye ? eh r 
 
 " Never.'^ 
 
 *^ That under lip didn't always swing the 
 way it does now. He was drinking one day 
 and got into a row with Ike Plunket and some 
 how in the affray he got his lip split, his jaw 
 bone cracked, and three of his under teeth 
 knocked out. That left eye was knocked out 
 in another fuss ; and at another time he fell out 
 of a carriage and his head struck a rock and 
 
20 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 made that peeled placa you see there. AH th.at 
 has been done by the whiskey that was gotten at 
 my poison shop. You see, gentlemen^ that he 
 was a downright good looking man once/^ 
 
 *^ Now, gentlemen^ this man and his family 
 have been reduced to this wretched condition 
 in three years' time. It was one of the happiest 
 families I ever saw. They had a nice, cozy 
 little home, all their own ; he v^^rought at car- 
 pentry and came home at six every evening ; 
 always found his smiling, happy wife waiting 
 for him at the little gate. Their rooms were 
 the quintessence of taste and refinement. They 
 loved each other with a purity and perfectness 
 that would do credit to angels. Their prayers 
 and songs went up higher, and passed the stars 
 with greater ease and swifter velocity than those 
 sent up from any church in the land, for they 
 emanated from as pure hearts as the earth could 
 boast. He was a gentleman of credit and re- 
 spectability, and she w^as one of the cheeriest, 
 happiest, little Christian women that ever lived. 
 Really, sirs, when w^e took this man in hand, 
 protected as he was by his love of home, sus- 
 tained by his self-respect and fortified by his 
 religion, I looked upon him as one of the most 
 doubtful and difficult cases I ever. saw. But I 
 had a respectable saloon. Honorable men took 
 light drinks in my house, and through their 
 influence, and our professions of peisonal 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 21 
 
 friendship, we decoyed him, little by little, until 
 he would spend time with us to the neglect of 
 business. After that, of course, it was easy. 
 And now, at the end of three years, he is before 
 you, the miserable apology for a man that you 
 see him. He is now^ but the merest shadow of 
 his former self. Buf, sirs, he is not the only 
 evidence of our skill and accomplishment in 
 the trade. Gradually has the beauty faded 
 from the cheek of that wHiman ; her eyes have 
 lost their lustre; tears, instead of smiles indi- 
 cate the changed condition of her heart. Shame 
 and disgrace and poverty are her portion; her 
 home has been sold; joy has faded from her 
 heart; and now as I have turned her husband 
 over to the lower order of slaughter-pens, I 
 think that six months more will end his life and 
 hers too, and send the little boys to the poor- 
 house. Can't you give me the blue ribbon ? ^' 
 A few men may be found in the liquor busi- 
 ness who may not know the evil that must nec- 
 essarily result from their work. Such men 
 may be persuaded to desist from the death- deal- 
 ing traffic. Such men only need to have the 
 facts clearly stated, and their better natures 
 would revolt at their occupation. But the 
 great majority of them are not ignorant of what 
 they are doing. And about the only way to 
 cause them to repent, is to prohibit them from 
 their chosen w^ork, or so instruct and persuade 
 
22 PKOHIBITION VS LIGEjSSE. 
 
 the public that they will cease to have custom. 
 And yet I think it possible for an old, hardened, 
 con sci?. nee- seared saloon-keeper to be regener- 
 ated. Six years in the penitentiary, four years 
 in the house of correction, and three or four 
 years in some good water-cure establishment 
 might elevate him to the moral plane of ordi- 
 nary thieves, when his entire conver.'^ion might 
 be anticipated without any unnecessary delay. 
 I humbly beseech those who have not yet lost 
 all interest in a future state of being to I'epent 
 while they can. There is an old stanza that 
 says, 
 
 " As long as the lamp holds out to burn, 
 The vilest sinner may return." 
 
 But I am not sure that the sentiment is cor- 
 rect. 1 believe it possible for a man to sin 
 away all his moral powers, thus forcing lumself 
 beyond recovery. Not that divine mercy 
 would not pardon if he came, but he may ren- 
 der himself unable to come. A man may have 
 forgiveness for having sinned against God, but 
 when he sins against himself, he may have gone 
 beyond the reach of mercy, for he may be una- 
 ble to provide pardon and the required release. 
 
 It may be thought that we are a little too 
 severe on those engaged in the- sale of rum. 
 But I do not think that [ have in any way ex- 
 aggerated the evils of the rum traffic. ^' What 
 I have written, I have written./^ If I should 
 
PEOHIBITIvON YS LICENSE, 23 
 
 ever try to call a man by all evil names and 
 accu-e him of being gnilty of all crimes, I 
 would feel satisfied by just calling him a rum- 
 seller. 
 
 If my son .slionld be met bv a hip-hwavman 
 and robbed of his hard-earned fortune I would 
 encourage him to go out again into the world 
 and earn another. His health and 'strength 
 would be left, his credit would yet be good, 
 and the world would yet be before him. True, 
 I should not feel well toward the villain who 
 did the deed, but to estimate the crime proper- 
 ly, I am compelled to say, that he has only 
 taken my sou's fortune, all else are his. But if 
 he is met the second time, and not only robbed 
 of his fortune, but also of his life, and is 
 brought to me but a mangled corpse, I would 
 weep only as a father could weep. This would 
 be an end of earthly hopes, and the murderer 
 would be infinitely worse, in my estimation, 
 than the highway robber who took only the 
 money but left his person and his life untouch- 
 ed. But if some bloodless villian should decoy 
 him into a saloon and cause him to become a 
 drunkard and thus lose, not only his money, 
 but. his health, his honor, his integrity, his 
 common sense, his love of truth, his life, and 
 even his soul, I would regard him as being in- 
 comparably meaner than either of the first two. 
 Even the murderer stops with taking the life 
 
24 PROHIBITION YS LICENSE, 
 
 aud money of bis victim, but the rum- seller 
 takes all that life holds dear; disgraces even the 
 relatives of the unfortunate man ; prepares him 
 for the abode of the damned and then sends him 
 to that Gehenna ^* where the worm dieth not 
 and the fire is not quenched/^ Such men are 
 not simply dealing out death to a worthless class 
 of humanity ; they have first made them worth- 
 less ; for some of the brightest intellects of the 
 nation have been ruined by this tempter. Ap- 
 petite, when poisoned, has proved more than a 
 match for their minds and they have fallen a 
 prey to the vice. But for the rum trade they 
 would have been honorable men in society, 
 skilled in the practice of medicine, and orna- 
 ments and potencies for good in our legislative 
 halls. But they have been ensnared by the 
 temptation, have fallen by its power, and are 
 made to fill drunkard's graves. 
 
 But I will yet pray that God may pity the 
 saloon-keeper, the legislators who will pass a 
 license law, and the men who vote for them. 
 
PKOHIBITION VS LICENSEo 25 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 THE KIND OF LIQUOKS THAT ARE DEALT OUT 
 AT THE PRESENT TIME BY SALOOISIST8 AND 
 DRUGGISTS, AND EVEN SOLD AT WHOLE- 
 SALE. 
 
 I have been requested to ^peak a word on the 
 subject of poisoning liquors. I tear that manj 
 dp not realize that they cannot get any pure 
 liquors. We once saw old men stagger on the 
 streets. Now, if given to intoxication, they 
 do not live to be old. A few years^ use of the 
 stuff that is now sold for whiskey^ will put any 
 ordinary man on the cooling board. The 
 physician who will now prescribe brandy as a 
 medicine, and leave the patient to be supplied 
 from the market, must either be a consecrated 
 dunce or have an interest in a coffin shop. A 
 few /'fanatics 071 temperance,^'* less than a year 
 ago, in Lincoln, Nebraska, obtained twelve 
 samples of liquors in that city and submitted 
 them to Prof. Aughey, of the State University, 
 for an analysis. Here is his report : 
 
 Lincoln, Neb., April 25, 1874. 
 REPORT TO THE LINCOLN CITY TEMPERANCE SOCIETY, 
 
 In accordance with ycur request, I have made a careful analysis of 
 the liquors brought me two weeks ago. The following is the result : 
 No. 1. *' Detwiler^s Black Mariah.^^ 
 1. Sugar of lead, 8 grains to the quart. 2, Strychnine, a large 
 
26 PKOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 amount. 3, Strontla. 4, Beuaine. o, Potash, 6, Brazil wooil, 
 1, AlC'i)hbl, 17 per cent. 
 
 No. 2. " Quick'' s best ickiskey.''^ 
 
 1. Sugar of lead, 8 grains to the quart. 2, Strychnine. 3, Stron- 
 tla. 4, Potash. 5, Benzine. 6, Brazil wood. 7, Alcohol, 18 per 
 cent. 
 
 iVb. 3. '^IClutch's whiskey J ^ 
 
 1. Sugar of lead 8)^ grains to the quart. 2, Strychnine. 3, Stron- 
 tia. 4, Potash. 5, Lcgwo15d. {Ko Alcohol. Please Note.) 
 
 No. 4. '■'■Hodskiii's whiskey.''^ 
 
 1. Sugar of lead, 8)^ grains to the'qu^irt. 2, Strychnine 3, Stron- 
 tla. 4, Potash. 5, Logwood. \_No Alcohol. Please note.] 
 No. 5. ^^ Leigh' on and. Brown'' s best port ivine.'''' 
 
 1. Sugar of lead, 8 grains to the quart. 2, Potash and soda carbon* 
 ates. 3, Logwood. 4, Alcohol, 9 per cent. 
 
 No. 6. ^'■Baily and Andrew'' s lohiskey''^ 
 1 . Sugar of lead, 7 grains to the quart. 2, Strychnine. 3, Potash. 
 4, Strontia. 5, Benzine. 6, Brazilwood. 7, Alcohol, 15 per cent. 
 
 No 7. '^ Brock and Co^s. port wine.''^ 
 1. Sugar of lead. 2, Potash, and Soda carbonates in largo quanti- 
 ties, 3, Logwood. 4, Alcohol, 9 per cent. 
 
 No. 8. ^'Kellogg and Meed's brandy.''^ 
 1. Sugar of lead, 7 grains to the quart. 2, Strontia. 3, Brazil- 
 wood. 4, Alcohol, 25 per cent. 
 
 Ax>. 9. ^'■McYaughlvii's gin.^^ 
 
 1. Sugar of lead, 5 grains to the quart. 2, Strychnine. 3, Stron- 
 tia. 4, Potash. 5, Benzine. 6, Alcohol, 16 per cent. 
 No. 10. ^^Zerung and Harley''s angelica luine.^^ 
 1. Sugar of lead, 2 grains to the quart. 2, Potash, and soda carbon- 
 ates. 3, Brazil wood. 4, Alcohol, 12 per cent. 
 
 No. 11. ''^Zerung and Harley''s best Bourbon whiskey.^'' 
 1. Sugar of lead, 6 grains to the quart. 2, Strontia. 3, Brazil- 
 wood. 4, Alcohol, 12 per cent. 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICEN^SE. 27 
 
 iVb. 12. "5'. S. Broclc's common whislcey.^^ 
 
 1. Sugar of lead 9 grains lo the quart. 2, Strychnine. 3, Stron- 
 tia. 4, Potash. 5, Benziao. 6. Brazil- wool. 7, Alcohol 15 per 
 cent 
 
 This analysis is not exhaustive, as I did not separate the sugar 
 which some of the liquors contained in the form of caramel, or the cay- 
 enne pepper which all the whiskies contained, more or less. The pois- 
 onous substances, however. I carefully separated. The absolute 
 amount of sugar of lead, strychnine and strontia, was remarkably large. 
 The poisonous qualities of these substances are so well known, that 
 nothing here needs to be said about them. 
 
 In many of these liquors there is strychnine enough in a quart, to 
 kill a man if it were taken separate from any other mixture and at one 
 dose ; the same is true of the sugar of lead. 
 
 In good whiskey, the amount of alcohol should be from 40 to 50 per 
 cent. But In these liquors, it ranged only fr()m 15 to 25 per cent; the 
 larger i)ercentages belonging to the brandies and gin. 
 
 As 40:i)d liquors as some of these whiskies, could be profitably 
 manufactured for thirty cents a gallon ; and none of these liquors are 
 what they purport to be. 
 
 If any oqb 'doubts that these poisons are found in common liquors, 
 if such doubter will come to the University laboratory in the afternoon 
 1 will separate and precipitate lead, strontia, &c., in his presence. 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 SAM'L AUGIIEY, 
 Prof, of Chemistry in University of Nebraska. 
 
 When this report was published, there was 
 '* DO small stir ^^ in the city. Some saloon- 
 keepers declared that they did not know that 
 they had been dealing out such poisons. But 
 the wholesale dealers, and some of the drug- 
 gists were involved ; some of the most interest- 
 ed, denied the correctness oi the analysis, but 
 they did not dare to put it to the proof. Many 
 of those who had been drinking these liquors, 
 quit their use and took to beer as a substitute, 
 
28 PROHIBITION V8 LICEKSE. 
 
 not knowing that beer is as badly dealt with as 
 anything else. At best, it is but a miserable 
 slop, containing but about two per cent of nu- 
 tritious aliment, the rest being hop tea, alcohol, 
 and rotten swill. 
 
 I have noted these things that you may 
 realize what we authorize, when we license the 
 sale of these things. For Vvhat is done in Lin- 
 coln, is done elsewhere. I do not pretend that 
 the honesty of whiskey sellers in that city is 
 equal to the sugar of lead in their liquors, and 
 yet I supp®se that they will compare favorably 
 with rumsellers in general. There may be 
 men among them that do not know that they 
 are dealing in such poisons, but such men will 
 discontinue the business when they come to 
 know what they are dealing in, if they have 
 a single spark of honesty or humanity left. 
 
 If our bakers were known to sell poisoned 
 bread, we could prosecute them for it. But 
 when men sell the most loathsome poisons in 
 liquors, we must permit it ! Does any one say 
 that we only license the sale of pure liquors ? 
 I call his attention to the fact that the license 
 law provides no means for preventing the sale 
 of any kind of stuff that may suit the saloonist 
 best. 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 29 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 WHAT WE HAVE GAlNED. 
 
 We have no* particular desire just now to 
 deal with the use of alcohol as a medicine. 
 Yet we freely give our opinion that it contains 
 neither food nor medicine. But if it may be 
 beneficial in the healing art, then it is not a 
 food, even though it were not poisoned. Hence 
 as a beverage it should be prohibited. No man 
 will be guilty of such folly in the'use of arsen- 
 ic, strychnine, or any other powerful drug. 
 He would not presume to know his own condition 
 — never having studie4 medicine, and prescribe 
 so much calomel. But the manner in which 
 this whole matter is treated in our license 
 law keeps up the idea that it is only the abuse 
 of the thing as a beverage that makes it an evib 
 While the truth is it is neither good for a sick 
 man nor a well man, and is never taken into the 
 human system except for injury. My opinion 
 is that when we come to be freed from the delu- 
 sion that has so long obscured the sight of the 
 people of America and Europe that we will de- 
 mand of our men of medicine to discontinue its 
 use. 
 
 I apprehend that the time is coming when 
 those who will provide anything that can in- 
 
30 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 toxicate as an entertainment will be regarded 
 not only with suspicion but they will be looked 
 upon as those whose education has been sadly 
 neglected. 
 
 We are >ometimes given to despondency. 
 But when we think of the lethargy and 
 thoughtless indifference on this subject a few 
 years ago^ and compare the public sentiment of 
 those times with the activity and energy mani- 
 fested in the matter to-day _, we have reason to 
 thank God and take courage. And yet we do 
 not expect that time alone will remove the evil. 
 We are fully convinced that while we are gain- 
 ing ground, that we must continue to fight until 
 the last saloon is closed and the last distillery 
 ceases its operations. 
 
 Public sentiment has already decided, and all 
 men know that the sale of alcohol is an abom- 
 inable business. Once our taverns had a bar, 
 they all had them ; indeed, tavern and whiskey 
 were nearly synonymous terms. Every public 
 gathering had to be disgraced with rum. A. 
 man could not harvest without whiskey. It 
 was thought to be indispensible^ in wet weather, 
 to keep a man dry ; in dry weather to prevent 
 him from being too dry ; in hot weather to 
 cool him, and in cool weather to warm him ! 
 For wounds, bruises, and snake-bites, it was the 
 only panacea. But the world advances. Alco- 
 hol has been convicted of all the crimes knowD 
 
PKOHIBITION VS LICENSE, 31 
 
 to history. It has been dismissed ^from the 
 harvest and the public gathering; in the re- 
 spectable hotel it has no longer a place. It 
 has been crowded out of the public walks and 
 elbowed out of decent society. If it exists in 
 connection with the hotel, it is put off down in 
 the cellar, or out of the hearing of respectable 
 guests. If a man opens a saloon on the street, 
 he pu^s a screen in the door fur the simple rea- 
 son that it has become so disrespectable to at- 
 tend such places that young men would not go 
 there unless there was something to protect 
 them from the public gaze. 
 
 On the other hand, temperance is becoming 
 popular. Almost all men now claim to be tem- 
 perance men. If the saloon-keepers of the 
 nation were to come together in council, the 
 first resolution that they would likely pass 
 would be that they are in favor of temperance. 
 They would only claim that they differed from 
 other men in the manner of promoting the 
 good cause. Of course all this would be bun- 
 combe, but it shows which way the wind blows. 
 
32 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE, 
 
 CHAPTER VI, 
 
 THE LICENSE SYSTEM IS AYROXG IN ITS VERY 
 NATURE, AND UNSUCCESSFUL IN PRACTICE. 
 
 The principle of the liquor license is radically 
 wrong in that it prohibits the smaller crimes 
 and licenses and permits the greater ones. Yon 
 do not need me to tell yon over again the ex- 
 penses and financial burden that this traffic lays 
 on the shoulders of the honest yeomanry of the 
 country. It is not necessary for me to say that 
 its wholesale cost in 1873 was one billion and 
 four hundred and eighty-seven million dollars ; 
 that it employed the time of six hundred 
 thousand bar- tenders ; that it incurred the ex- 
 penses of the room rent of one hundred and 
 sixty thousand buildings; that it monopolized 
 the time of two million men, made vagrants by 
 drink ; that it cost the country ninety million 
 dollars to try the cases in court occasioned by 
 drunkenness ; that it sent sixty thousand to a 
 drunkard^s grave and a drunkard^s hell; these 
 are only some of the smaller evils. If our 
 railroads cost on an average twenty thousand 
 dollars per mile, the seventy-two thousand miles 
 in the United States have cost one billion four 
 hundred and forty thousand dollars, — lacking 
 more than forty thousand, of equalling the 
 wholesale cost of alcohol for a single year. 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 33 
 
 Slavery had its evils ; it enslaved four millions 
 of human beings for whom Christ died. But 
 alcohol enslaves the souls and bodies of a much 
 greater number. African slavery may have 
 been a financial curse to the nation, but its 
 financial evils would not equal a mill on a 
 thousand dollars of the cost of rum. Our civil 
 war cost us much, in money, in life, in anxie- 
 ty, and in corruption, but nothing to compare 
 with the cost of alcohol in these respects. We 
 would better sport an internal war with all its 
 train of evil results, than continue the sale of 
 rum. 
 
 Now if our government would license six hun- 
 dred thousand sleight-of-hand performers, to go 
 about over the country and dement as many 
 young men as could be persuaded into their 
 deceptive arrangements, we might be content 
 for, though our sons would be unsafe, their 
 lives would be left and we would hope to find 
 some treatment that would restore them. If we 
 should give permits to steal and plunder, still 
 we might protect ourselves against these legal 
 thieves, and our lives and health and mental 
 strength and honor would be left. Should iour 
 hundred thousand murderers obtain privilege 
 to engage in their business by assuring the gov- 
 ernment that they are ''gentlemen of good moral 
 character/^ it might be inconvenient and unsafe, 
 but still we leave behiud us a good name and 
 
34 PBOHTBITION YS LICE.X&E. 
 
 character that might be copied by our childreii> 
 and take with us a clean soul out into the pres- 
 ence of God. But the rum trade is the full 
 equal of all these crimes; it ruins the health, 
 corrupts the morals, blunts the finer sensibilities 
 of the human heart, bloats and j^oisous and 
 brutalizes the man until he becomes a demon 
 incarnate; robs him of his hard earning, wrecks 
 his manhood and dements his brain; it takes 
 away his respectability and clothes him in rags ; 
 it takes the bread from the wives and children 
 of its dupes, and leaves them broken-hearted, if 
 not broken-licaded, as well as disgraced and 
 penniless; it corrupts and blights the soul and 
 sends the man to an untimely grave. Now I 
 plead in the name of justice and common sense, 
 that our law should not be guilty of the incon- 
 sistency of prohibiting those smaller crimes and 
 licensing one that lifts its hydra-headed uncov- 
 ered ugliness in fearful altitude above all others 
 of this age. Yes sir, if crime must be licensed 
 and made respectable, then license men to train 
 rattle-snakes, that they may fasten their j)oison- 
 ous fangs into the very hearts of innocent child- 
 ren ; license them to keep mad-dogs for the 
 destruction of life and happiness ; license them 
 to engage in these comparatively harmless 
 things, but let us listen to the sighs and groans 
 coming up from the graves of the drunken 
 dead, and hear the ceaseless heart-piercing wails 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 35 
 
 of their ruined families, before we license the 
 rum trafSc. 
 
 If only our people could be made to realize 
 their responsibility, that what we do by the 
 hands of another we do as really as if we acted 
 independently of such an agent, that when we 
 make a law that permits crime to run riot at 
 noonday, and that when men are killed as 
 the result of such a law, that we are guilty of 
 the blood of a brother, we might be still more 
 aroused on the question than what we are. 
 Having witnessed the utter incompetency of the 
 license system to bring us any relief from the 
 evils of intemperance, finding that it has failed^ 
 as it must, of any practical good to those Btates 
 that have tried it, seeing that it is wrong in the 
 nature of things, to license that which is evil, 
 and that the sale of whiskey is the greatest evil 
 of the present time, we ask, are we not ready 
 now to deal sensibly with this question? While 
 men are ready to exercise common sense in ref- 
 erence to all other crimes, we wonder how long 
 it will be before the crime of rum -selling may 
 be dealt with in justice ? In another chapter 
 we will tell you why we make haste so slowly in 
 this work of redeeming our country from the 
 ''gall of bitterness and bond of iniquity J^ But 
 from all that is now before us, we arrive at the 
 inevitable conclusion that it is the duty of our 
 
36 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 law-makers to prohibit, not only the crime of 
 drunkenness, but the still worse crime of mak- 
 ing drunkards. 
 
CHAPTER VII. 
 
 A MAN HAS THE RIGHT TO DO WITH HIS OWN 
 AS HE PLEASES, ONLY WHEN HE DOES NOT 
 INJURE OTHERS THEREBY. 
 
 It sometimes argued that a man has a right 
 to do with his own as he pleases, and therefore 
 men and laws have no right to interfere with 
 his business. If he chooses to sell whiskey 
 then it is his right to do so, since it is his prop- 
 erty. But if that argument is good then the 
 license system is wrong, since it may debar 
 some from this inalienable right, they not being 
 able to pay the requisite amount. 
 V But it is not true in the absolute, that a man 
 may do as he pleases with his own. Since such 
 a privilege granted to the unprincipled would 
 work the insecurity of the person or property 
 of another. By a wrong or vicious use of liis 
 own, a man might do violence to other men, 
 which he has no natural, and saould have no 
 legal right to do. Hence, a man may not burn 
 down his own house, since, if he does not> en- 
 danger the houses of other men, or destroy the 
 life of some one within, yet he destroys the 
 
38 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 property of the common wealthy and by so 
 much, injures the community as he burns up 
 its capital. A man may not ignite a prairie 
 fire when by so doing he renders the property 
 of another unsafe. The land might be his own 
 but it makes no difference in the eyes of law 
 and justice. If a man should start a glue man-*"^ 
 ufactory in the heart of our city, though hi:; 
 work would be a profitable one in many re- 
 spects, yet its fumes would create an unhealthy 
 and oflensive atmosphere. It would be dispens- 
 ed with, and no claims of a right to do as he 
 pleases with his own, would protect him in the 
 eyes of a refined and sensible community. To 
 keep a hotel is right, to keep hogs is well 
 enough, to give them the offal of the house is 
 judicious and economical, but where swine and 
 slops become offensive to the health and happi- 
 ness of the people, neither the city fathers nor 
 the citizens listen to any claims of individual 
 rights, but demand that the nuisance shall be 
 abated. A man might buy lots in this city and 
 proceed to construct a powder magazine thereon, 
 under the pretense of a right to do as he pleases 
 with his own. But the people would be indig- 
 nant at the idea. Nor would be be permitted 
 to continue in his business. This plea then 
 must be so circumscribed, that when a man 
 does as he pleases with his own he will not 
 please to do that which will injure other per- 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 39 
 
 i^OD^, or even endanger their lives or their 
 property. 
 
 The more common or popular plea, however, 
 that is now made by riimseliers and their po- 
 litical abettors is, that it is the inalienable right 
 of every man to eat and drink that which he 
 pleases. If this can be estahlislied their work 
 is light. Their right to sell that which it is 
 right for men to use could hardly be called in 
 question. 
 
 But let us exauiine this assumption a little. 
 Man has some things in common with the ani- 
 mal creation, such as flesh, blood, bones, in- 
 stinct, and intuition. He has also other mental 
 qualities not j^ossessed by animals in general. 
 Those declare that he is an animal while these 
 affirm his superiority over all other earthly 
 existences. Vv^hen man gratifies his appetite or 
 his lust, he yields to the demands of his inferior 
 nature. The instinct of animals is their guard 
 against the vinlation of law. But man haa 
 been left without such protection, for his super- 
 ior powers of thought and reason must be his 
 guide. The demands of his lower or animal 
 nature must be held in obeyance to his superior 
 intellectual endowment. His desire to accumu- 
 late property is a much higher aspiration than 
 the desire .to pamper and pet, and become the 
 tlave of his appetite, for it stands in the list of 
 shose qualities that belong to his higher nature. 
 
40 PEOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 Can we not argue then as it is man's nature to 
 accumulate proj3erty^ that he can therefore do so 
 in that way that seems good to him ? But the 
 law and the common sense of all men, say no ! 
 It a man shall undertake to enhance the value 
 of his property to the injury of his neiglibor, 
 the whole civilized world stands ready with a 
 vote. Our law is supposed to have its founda- 
 tion in justice when it refuses one man the 
 privilege of taking something for nothing. 
 Indeed this principle of justice underlies all the 
 enactments of our law with reference to theft 
 and fraud. 
 
 This may be fixed upon then as an axiom ; a 
 man has the natural and legal right to increase 
 his property in any way that he pleases, pro- 
 vided, that he shall not interfere to the injury 
 of the rights, person, or property of any one 
 else. But if he may not accumulate property, 
 regardless of the consequences to any one but 
 himself, and his desire to do so is a higher law 
 than that of mere appetite, it is senseless to 
 argue that he may appease his appetite in any 
 w^ay he pleases without regard to the interests 
 of other people. 
 
 The question then comes to this: can the 
 eating and drinking of what one pleases inter- 
 fere with the natural rights of others? If we 
 answer in the aflirmative then the boasted posi- 
 tion of liquor dealers is gone. 
 
PnOHIBITION VS LICENSEo 41 
 
 If a man eats or drinks that which destroys 
 his life, health, or liis usefulness, he thereby 
 injures, to some extent, every other man. But 
 especially is his immediate community poorer 
 in proportion to the amount of capital thus 
 withdrawn from its resources. But when we 
 come to reckon the evils of whiskey drinking, 
 they are so numerous and of such fearful mag- 
 nitude, that it is an absolute strain npon our 
 charity to regard any man as both sane and 
 honest who will contend for a minute that any 
 man has any natural right to make a brute of 
 himself in that way. It is now commonly 
 known that to the account of intoxicating 
 drinks, is charged nine-tenths of all the crimes 
 brought into our courts. Can any man in his 
 senses believe that it is the right of any man to 
 drink that which will cause him to commit 
 crime ? Like all wrongs, these things come by 
 degrees. The man first drinks occasionally 
 with a friend, then by himself, then he neglects 
 business to loaf around haunts of vice; his 
 family is impoverished, he becomes reckless, 
 and, under the influence of the ^' narcotico acrid 
 poison/^ he commits murder or theft! Now it 
 may be difficult to determine the exact time of 
 his responsibility, but none will fail to charge 
 up the crime, along with his neglect of family 
 and business, to the drink that ^has at last 
 brought him to ruin. Hence a man has no 
 
42 PROHIBITIOK VS LICENSE. 
 
 more right to drink that which will cause him 
 to commit a crime than to commit the crime- 
 itself. Again, it is certain that a man has 
 neither the right to drinK, nor the right to sell 
 intoxicating beverages; for these are the ac- 
 knowledged causes of nine-tenths of all the 
 crime of the country to-day. 
 
CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 PROHIBITION IS CONSTITUTIONAL. 
 
 Some years ago it was commonly said in op- 
 position to prohibition that it was unconstitu- 
 tional. In so grave an assembly as the Nebras- 
 ka Legislature, only two years ago, it was 
 regarded by a few men as unconstitutionaL 
 And though most people at the present time 
 know better, yet it may not be wholly out of 
 place, even in these articles, to give a few decis- 
 ions on this subject. For the benefit of such 
 as may have an interest in sach things, I will 
 quote from the fifth volume of Howard's Re- 
 ports of the Supreme Court of the U. S. 
 
 Justice Carton said : '^ If the State has 
 power of restraint by license to any extent, she 
 may go to the length of prohibiting sales alto- 
 gether.'^ [Page 611.] 
 
 Hon. Justice Daniels said of imports when 
 cleared of all duty and subject to the owner : 
 '^ They are like all other property of the citi- 
 zens, and should be equally the subjects of do- 
 mestic regulation and taxation, whether owned 
 by an importer or vender.'' [Page 614.] 
 
44 PKOHIBITIOX VS I.ICEXSE. 
 
 And in reply to the argument that the im- 
 porter purchases the right to sell when he pays 
 duties to the government^ the Judge says; '^No 
 such right as the one supposed is purchased by 
 the importer. He has not purchased, and can- 
 not purchase from the government, that which 
 could not insure to him a sale independent of 
 the law and policy of the States/^ [Page 617,] 
 
 Hon. Justice Grier says : ^^ It is not neces- 
 sary to array the appalling statistics of misery, 
 pauperism, and crime, which have their origin 
 in the use and abuse of ardent spirits. The 
 policy power which is exclusively in the State 
 is competent to the correction of these great 
 evils, and all measures of restraint or prohibi- 
 tion necessary to effect that purpose are within 
 the scope of that authority ; and if a loss of 
 revenue should accrue to the United States 
 from a diminished consumption ol ardent spir- 
 its, she will be a gainer a thousand-fold in the 
 health, wealth, and happiness of the people. ^^ 
 [Page 632.]. 
 
 Does some one say that the Hon. Justice was 
 a little prejudiced in favor of the temperance 
 cause ? I have only to answer that it does not 
 appear in the decision. He has only said what 
 his sound judgment and thorough acquaintance 
 with law demanded of him. Hon. Justice Mc- 
 Lean has also rendered several decisions. — 
 
PKOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 45 
 
 Among the many good things that he has said, 
 1 quote the following : 
 
 ^' A license to sell is a matter of policy and 
 revenue within the power of the State. '^ [Page 
 589.] '^ If th.e foreign article be injurious to 
 the health and morals of the community, a 
 State may prohibit the sale of it/' [Page 
 565.] Again he says : ^^ No one can claim a 
 license to retail spirits as a matter of right.^' 
 [Pa,^e 597.] 
 
 We could give almost any amount of this 
 kind of authority, for supposing that Prohibi- 
 tion is constitutional. Indeed we know that it 
 is, and will be, till the constitution sliall be dif- 
 ferently interpreted. One quotation from Chief 
 Justice Taney, and we will desist from t4iis con- 
 stitutional investigation. He says: ^^ If any 
 State deems the retail and internal traffic in 
 ardent spirits injurious to its citizens and calcu- 
 lated to produce idleness, vice, or debauchery, 
 I see nothing in the constitution of the United 
 States to prevent it from regulating or restrain- 
 ing the traffic, or from Prohibiting it altogether, 
 if it thinks proper.^' [P^g^ 577.] 
 
 So much for the constitutional right to pro- 
 hibit the sale of intoxicating liquors. If any 
 man asserts to the contrary, it is either because 
 he is very ignorant, or very willful. 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 A PROHIBITORY LAW CAN BE ENFORCED^ BUT 
 A LICENSE LAW CANNOT. 
 
 It is sometimes said that, although a prohib- 
 itory law may be perfectly coDstitiitional^ it is 
 very inexpedient. For, say they, it cannot be 
 enforced. ^^ We cannot enforce the law that we 
 now hav2y and how could ice operate a law of great- 
 er severity and strictness f It is not the penalties 
 of law so ranch as the ohservance and respect of 
 law that corrects public wrongs. And if we enact 
 a law that is to become a dead letter, we simply edu- 
 cate the pjeople to disregard the laiv, and insomuch 
 as we influence the puhlic mind^ educate it to a dis- 
 regard of our statutes.'^ 
 
 To me this is a special pleading that needs 
 ventilation. It is based upon several false 
 hypotheses. 1. This is false in the very nature 
 of things which we will show in due time. 
 2. It takes for granted that all laws that deal 
 with crime in general, are better " regarded than 
 a prohibitory liquor law would be. 3. That 
 there is something in the traffic in whiskey that 
 renders it impossible to be prevented. Of 
 
PEOHIBITION YS LICENSE. 47 
 
 course a special pleader may assuiiie his 
 premises and make a fair show in argument. 
 But we intend to assail these premises, and 
 show that they are not only not in existencCj 
 but the facts are quite averse to their declara- 
 tions. 
 
 For the present I want to notice the utter 
 impossibility of enforcing a license law. 1. To 
 grant license to honorable men, and refuse it to 
 all who are not '' gentlemen of good moral 
 character/^ is such a huge joke that one expects 
 the whole plan to be tricky. Nor is the matter 
 mended any by demanding that he shall file 
 certain papers with the county or city clerk, con- 
 taining the signatures of twelve freeholders in 
 the precinct^ asking that this ^^ gentleman ^^ shall 
 have a license granted him to sell whiskey. 
 For if there are that number of men who are 
 mean enough to be the tool of the saloonist 
 they can easily be made freeholders In any com- 
 munity where there is likely to be any trouble 
 in obtaining a license. Hence these forms are 
 the merest shams and only intended to blind 
 the thoughtless with the appearance of justice. 
 2. The law forbids him then to sell to minors^ 
 one intoxicated^ or one who is in the habit of 
 becoming intoxicated^ and then leaves him to 
 decide who are such. Now I do not need to say 
 that such a law is beyond the power of any 
 common wealth to operate. It simply puts up 
 
48 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 a blind before the public and then leaves these 
 rum-traffickers to sell to whom they please. 3. 
 The civil damage law sometimes tacked on to a 
 license law is so arranged that some injured 
 person must file the complaint. But before the 
 wife^ or son^ or daughter, or father, or mother, 
 would file such complaint, he would have to 
 lose self-respect, or be driven to desperation or 
 madness, And such persons would have so 
 little influence before the courts, that the cause 
 would be but little regarded. All opportunities 
 are granted to avoid and frustrate the ends of 
 the law. And the license system as a w^hole 
 has, in its history, been one of shame and scan- 
 dal to the people, and advantage t<> the workers 
 of iniquity. It is feeble and unjust in its nature, 
 and furnishes no means of enforcement. 
 
 Just now there are men to be found who 
 maintain that in those States where a prohibi- 
 tion law has been tried, the people have discov- 
 ered that it is powerless to restrain the vice of 
 intemperance, and therefore they are tired of it. 
 They claim that this is true because of the re- 
 cent elections. They tell us that the late 
 Democratic gains are owing to the fact that as a 
 party, there has been no disposition to meddle 
 with the temperance question ; but that the 
 Republican party has unwisely permitted tem- 
 perance men to dictate portions of its platform. 
 
 Now as much as I dislike to speak of politic- 
 
PEOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 49 
 
 al matters, yet necessity is laid upon me to 
 answer this logic of events. In all justice, 
 then, to all concerned, I must say that neither 
 of these parties, up to the present time, has 
 dared to take any definite action in tavor of 
 temperance. And the little that the Republi- 
 can party has dared to put into its state and 
 national platforms, on the subject of temper- 
 ance, has been almost entirely against prohibi- 
 tion. That the last iiational platform contained 
 one of the most offensive planks on this subject, 
 that has ever been 'submitted to a civilized peo- 
 ple, and that the thought of that article has 
 been adopted in substance by that party in 
 several of its State conventions, needs only to 
 be stated, for those who read know it to be a 
 fact. Not only so, but the little that it has said, 
 as in Maine and some other temperance States, 
 that is succeptible of another thought, is also 
 capable of a definition in every way suitable to 
 the whiskey traffic. These articles that have 
 had in them the slighest coloring of temperance 
 principles, have been framed with as much skill 
 as Grecian auricles ; framed so ingeniously that 
 they mean just what the reader or hearer wishes 
 them to mean. If, therefore, it is true that the 
 Republican party has lost by reason of any 
 position on this question, it is because its posi- 
 tion has been on the wrong side of that subject, 
 that is, in opposition to prohibition. It is true, 
 
60 PROHIBITION VS LICP:XSE. 
 
 however, that whiskey men are putting forth a 
 mighty effort to influence political parties, and 
 legisUitures in favor of their traffic. And one 
 that knew no better, might be deceived into the 
 opinion that the money raised from one hundred 
 and sixty thousand saloons is furnishing an un- 
 answerable argument to both legislators and 
 judges, politicians, and parties. But it is not 
 true that there has been any decision by the 
 people, indicating their unwillingness to pro- 
 hibit the sale of intoxicants, 
 
 This seems a proper place to notice the as- 
 sertion that is frequently made by men who 
 would gladly assist the rumseller, that there is 
 more liquor sold in and drunk under the Maine 
 liquor law than under the license laws. It is, 
 perhaps, true that those who assert this, are not 
 worthy of any attention, nor is it at all probable 
 that they will pay any attention to what we 
 may say on the subject, and yet we feel like 
 calling attention to a few facts, for the correct- 
 ness of which our revenue Reports are respon- 
 sible. I will just call attention then to the 
 '* Revenue on Spirits in 1873.'^ 
 
 Population, Revenue. 
 
 Massacliusetts under Prohibition 1,231,360 11,674,460.07 
 
 Ohio under License 2,339,511 10,887.498.53 
 
 Illinois under License 1,711,951 3,727,790.43 
 
 Indiana under License 1,850,428 .5,065,229.03 
 
 Elaine under Prohibition 628,297 81,114.80 
 
 Maryland under License 687,049 1,084,396.40 
 
 New Hampshire under Prohibition 326,173 79,679.63 
 
 Kew Jersey under License 572,037 773,188.44 
 
PHOHIBITIOK VS LICENSE. 53 
 
 Now let it be remembered that the Prohibitory 
 laws of Massachusetts and New Hampshire are 
 a long ways from perfection, and then we will 
 begin to see what the effect of such laws are. 
 Let us balance two States, Maine and Maryland. 
 Maryland had a few thousand the largest popu- 
 lation and paid in revenue |1,084,386.40 under 
 1 'cense, while Maine under IProhibition, with 
 almost the same population, paid $81,113.80, or 
 :vbout one-thirteenth of the amount according 
 to her numbers that was paid by Maryland. 
 
 Ordinary ci)mmon sense ought to be sufficient 
 to teach any man that a prohibitory law with 
 any power of enforcement at all, would pre- 
 vent, to a very great extent, the sale and use of 
 intoxicating beverages. Rumsellers themselves 
 know this ; and hence they use every possible 
 means to prevent the enactment of such laws. 
 And I am fully convinced that the facts will 
 bear me out in this mild statement, that even 
 imperfect as such laws have been, and as feebly 
 as they have been enforced, they have reduced 
 the sale and use of intoxicants, where they 
 have been tried, seventy-five per cent belovT 
 what has obtained in those States where the 
 traffic has been licensed, and that crime in 
 general has been abated in the same ratio. 
 
 Then let us be strong and quit ourselves like 
 men. If we are to make war with the beast, 
 the time has come for us to use at least ordinary 
 
52 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 discretion. If we will abate the nuisance, we 
 must prohibit it. We must make our law to 
 frown upon that traffic that is threatening our 
 nation ; that is debauching and brutalizing and 
 ruining our race. Not that we would discour- 
 age any attempt at the use of moral suasion. 
 Much may be done in that way no doubt. 
 But the evil can never be removed until we 
 lay hold upon it with the hand of law, and 
 thunder in the ears of those who are retailing 
 this death and damnation to the poeple : ^^Take 
 these thiings hence /^ 
 
CHAPTER X. 
 
 A few semi-temperance men are yet prating 
 about local option. Now after the severest ex- 
 ercise of charity^ I am unable to look upon this 
 as anything but a milk-sop, for rumsellers, 
 while at the same time they would have credit 
 with decent people for temperance principles. 
 This law generally leaves it with the counties 
 and cities of the first and second class to say^ 
 once in so often, whether the sale of intoxicat- 
 ing beverages shall be permitted in their re- 
 spective localities or not. And if permitted, 
 then rum may be sold without let or hindrance, 
 or under such restrictions or limitations as 
 may be found in the respective codes. 
 
 In favor of this, it is usually urged that a 
 law can only be executed in those communities 
 where the public sentiment has been cultivated 
 up to the point of its enforcement, and there- 
 fore would be but a dead letter on the statute 
 books where such education has not been had. 
 And it is further argued that it is the best 
 means of educating the people on the subject to 
 cause them to have to vote on the subject once 
 in two or three years. In answer to this, it 
 
54 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 must be said that law has always been in ad- 
 vance of the moral sentiment of those who 
 violate it. And if we can only have such a law 
 as will be in accordance with the wishes of all 
 the people, we will never have a law of any 
 kind. Nor would there be any particular need 
 of any. Law is usually supposed to be bene- 
 ficial in two respects. 1. In restraining the 
 vicious. 2. In educating the ignorant. If a 
 law should not be enacted till its principles shall 
 first have come to be universally respected^ then 
 the purposes for which all laws are given are 
 wholly thwarted. We would as well refuse the 
 prescription of the physician till first w^e have 
 recovered from disease. Is it said that they 
 are not asking for universal respect, but only 
 that general education that will make the en- 
 forcement possible? I ask, what do you mean 
 by enforcement ? Do you mean a perfect en- 
 forcement, in which no violation shall occur ? 
 I have statistics at hand, and they shall be forth- 
 coming in due tkne, showing that the enforce- 
 ment of a prohibitory liquor law is quite as 
 possible, yea, even as probable, as that of any 
 other law restraining vice. It is true that there 
 have been many difficulties in the way, from 
 the weakening enactments of legislatures, as 
 nearly as possible, nullifying the law itself. 
 Our laws are usually had by party legislation, 
 the dominant party ruling. But these parties 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 55 
 
 have been looking out for support, and hence, 
 while they have courtesied to temperance influ- 
 ence, they have generally made obeisance to the 
 rum power, enacting a law with one hand and 
 killing it with the other. And yet with all the 
 hindrances thrown in the way, its demands 
 have been as well respected as any other law, in 
 proportion to the enormity of the evil prohibit- 
 ed. 
 
 There is no philosophic reason why men may 
 not be restrained from selling and drinking 
 whiskey as well as prevented from any other 
 crime against themselves or the community in 
 which they live. Our law does not propose to 
 license or permit infamy. It is based upon the 
 presumption that, though the law may not be 
 perfectly regarded, yet it can be, to some ex- 
 tent, at least, executed. And yet there are 
 many reasons why a law prohibiting that name- 
 less crime, can never be perfectly enforced, that 
 do not exist as obstacles in the way of the en- 
 forcement of a prohibitory liquor law. The 
 appetite for intoxicants is not natural, and the 
 disposition to sell it, comes only Irom the love 
 of money, without the necessary conscience to 
 determine the right course by which the end 
 shall be reached. And there can be found no 
 reason, in the nature of things, why that crime 
 may not be restrained as well as others. 
 
 But if the law by prohibiting the crime of 
 
56 PEOHIBITIOK VS LTCEX8K. 
 
 which we speak, could not be any better eiifoic- 
 ed than the law against adultery^ still, it would 
 be a shame against our common humanity not 
 to prohibit it. It ought, at least, to free itself 
 from the charge of conniving at the crime. 
 The law can at least make it disreputable to 
 engage in the business. 
 
 But just what makes it necessary for us to 
 reach prohibition by local option no man can 
 tell. Why not approach the suppression of 
 every other crime in the same way as well as 
 that of intemperance ? Suppose that our legis- 
 lature in undertaking to prevent the lottery 
 stealing arrangements of the Sons of Belial 
 should give us local option on that subject ? 
 And what would we think of the head and 
 heart of the man who would claim that such a 
 law cannot be executed in all communities, and, 
 therefore, should only exist in those places 
 where the people have been sufficiently educat- 
 ed on the subject? We might suppose that he 
 had some kind of interest in the business him- 
 self, or that he felt himself in need of the pat- 
 ronage of those who had ! If a man should 
 argue that a law against murder will be violated 
 and disrepected in some localities and, there- 
 fore, that that crime should be dealt with by 
 license and local option, you would regard him 
 a fit subject for the next legislature ! Now I 
 shall not say that local option is not better in 
 
PHOHIBITION VS LlCEiV.SH. 57 
 
 restraining the crime of stealing or murder or 
 that worst of crimes at the present time — rum- 
 selling, than no option at alL but I do say that 
 it is powerless to reach the cause and correct 
 the evil. It might stop a good many saloons in 
 country localities and in those counties where 
 they are not in much danger of being injured 
 by the trade, but in those cities and counties 
 where law^ is needed to prevent the vice, will be 
 the very places where local option will be pow- 
 erless to administer the necessary correction. 
 Besides, if a county contains a city of the first 
 or second class that can muster a bare majority 
 for license, that city will sell about all of the 
 abominable stuff that the whole county other- 
 w^ise would. The business of making drunk- 
 ards and vagabonds will simply have been 
 taken out of the hands of the many and put 
 into the hands of the few. 
 
 But w^ho knows just what is meant by local 
 option ? Do we mean license in newly settled 
 territories till the temperance element will have 
 made war on the traffic in rum, or do we mean 
 Prohibition, till the wliiskey element will have 
 raised the question and become the belligerents 
 in the campaign? The former is the usual 
 manner if not the only form in which it has as 
 yet made its appearance. This makes the tem- 
 perence men bear the expense, and labor against 
 
58 PEOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 established customs and prejudices. But in 
 whatever form it may be presented I submit, 
 that if the locality is less than a State which 
 is to determine the privilege of selling pois- 
 on^ that local option is a failure, being 
 wrong, essentially wrong, in its very nature, 
 and perfectly impracticable, and barren of any 
 very profitable results. 
 
 If I were a wholesale dealer in liquors and 
 wished to monopolize the business, and were 
 situated in a city of the first or second class aud 
 felt sure that license would carry in that place, 
 then I would favor local option, since it would 
 giye me the trade that might otherwise be di- 
 vided amongst a great many dmall dealers in 
 rum. 
 
 If I were a politician of the first or second 
 class — a mere politician, and felt that I must 
 have office; that I could not live without 
 office ; and that, in order to get it I must do 
 something that would quiet the ** temperance 
 fanatics,''^ and yet not to any particular extent, 
 injure the business of my whiskey friends, to 
 whom I would have to look for the money to 
 conduct the campaigns, then I might favor it ; 
 seeing that in that way I could ^^ become all 
 things to all men, that at least, by all means, I 
 might gain some ^^ votes. But why any man, 
 with common sense, untrammeled with business 
 €r political aspirations should fav^or ^* local 
 
PHOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 59 
 
 option ^^ instead of prohibition is perfectly inex- 
 plieable. 
 
CHAPTER XI. 
 
 WHAT HINDERS? 
 
 Our enemies are doing much to prevent the 
 enactment and enforcement of wholesome laws 
 in relation to the traffic in intoxicants. But 
 our pretended friends are doing much more. 
 This has always been true ; it is the history of 
 all reformations. The battle has to be fought 
 by a few courageous men and women, who have 
 to meet an organized and united enemy, and 
 also to arrange for their own invalids, who 
 never have any ability to resist the enemy. If 
 they were only dead, they would be out of their 
 own misery and our way. But no, they will 
 neither live nor die for the good of the country. 
 Whiskey men can give three millions to influ- 
 ence our general election. But if we were to 
 ask a large class of so-called temperance men 
 to make any reasonable expenditure of means 
 for any such purpose, they would absolutely 
 look at us a second time. Up to this time we 
 have not made any effort that is worthy of the 
 cause \ve plead. 
 
PKOHIBITION VS LICENSE. 6J 
 
 Liquor men have been united and consistent; 
 they have paid their money freely, and have 
 evidently influenced legislators, judges, jurors^ 
 and officers of every grade and rank by their 
 free distribution of mammon. True, we have 
 provoked this liberality by endangering their 
 crafi. But we speak of facts, and not of moral 
 qualities. To call these men liberal because 
 th(y have given great sums of money for 
 the purpose of having the privilege of contin- 
 uing in their work of ruin, is to commit a seri- 
 ous blunder. But though there has not been 
 one noble impulse in all they have done, yet 
 we are not to be blinded to the fact that w^hat 
 they have done and are now doing have a 
 potency to influence our law-making and law- 
 executing powers in their favor. And though, 
 for the good of mankind, the little that we 
 have done for the cause of temperance, is many 
 hundred times the amount ever performed by 
 rumsellers, except for selfish ends, yet we are 
 frank to confess that we have manifested but 
 little of that good sense and liberal effbrt that 
 the world had a right to expect of us. We 
 have been wont to expect too much from the 
 justness of our cause, without the proper means 
 of bringing it before the people. 
 
 Again, our professional men have been un- 
 willing to take any certain position on the 
 subject. Editor, doctor, lawyer, and politician 
 
62 PROHIBITION YS LICENSE. 
 
 of every grade and rank, for fear of losing pat- 
 ronage, custom, or votes, either indirectly favor 
 rumsellers or do so little as to be almost wholly 
 worthless to the cause which they pretend to 
 love. Man) of these would be glad to work 
 in the interests of the temperance cause if they 
 were only sure that it would immediately tri- 
 umph. Now the man who wnll rent a building 
 for saloon purposes, who will sign a license 
 bond, publish a whiskey advertisement in the 
 columns of his paper, or manage a case in court 
 for a saloon-keeper, vote for a license law, or 
 for a party that supports it, in all or any of 
 the.-e ways assists the cause of the drunkard- 
 maker, and, in so far, helps to ruin the country. 
 
 Evtn prerchers have trimmed their sails be- 
 fore the popular breeze. They have feared that 
 the church coffers would be empty, that their 
 popularity would be endangered, and their 
 audiences diminished, if their pulpits should 
 give any certain sound in opposition to the 
 death-dealing traffic. Many of them are en- 
 tirely too religious for any such worldly con- 
 siderations. 
 
 I do not speak of all preachers, nor all of 
 any other class, for many of these are men of 
 principle and common sense ; have love for 
 God and love for men, and are not too religious 
 or too political to do their duty ; but I speak 
 of many in all these classes, who, by reason of 
 
PROHIBITION VS LICE]>fSE. 63 
 
 their selfish unwillingness to assume just re- 
 sponsibilities^ are a standing disgrace and an 
 immc nse clo^ to the temperance reformation. 
 
 The present political parties are a hinderance of 
 fearful proportions^ to any effective legislation 
 against the lohislcey business. They occupy no 
 position on this questiots. A man may be just 
 as good a Republican or Democrat either, when 
 drunk as when sober. And^ I am sorry to say 
 it, about as apt to have the support of the 
 leaders of these parties for any office thut he 
 wishes, if he is in the habit of drinking as if 
 he were a sober man. Both of these bodies 
 are hopelessly divided on the question. Hence 
 neither can take any definite stand on the sub- 
 ject and live. It is impossible, thrrefcre, that 
 either of these {>arlies should give us any 
 effective legislation in the matter. Up to the 
 present time they have indicated their 
 worldly wisdom, in satisfying the temperance 
 element, by enacting a law that, on the surface, 
 shows a willinoness to suppress the liquor traf- 
 fic, but inwardly is wanting in every element 
 of vital energy. Thus they have aimed to 
 quiet all, giving to one class a law, and assur- 
 ing the other that the law is impracticable and 
 therefore impotent to hinder their trade. This 
 is especially true with every license law that 
 has been enacted. And up to this time we cm 
 hardly say that prohibition has been fairly tried 
 
64 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 in a single State. Not that these le<^islatures 
 are wanting the ability to frame a ju.^t and 
 effective iaw, but they have had to save their 
 parties. 
 
 Not (jnly so, but the executive offices are 
 filled by these same parties. And whatever 
 may be the individual dtsires of the men elect- 
 ed, they are made to know that they are the 
 representatives of a party whose policy is to 
 have no position, and take no action, looking to 
 the suppression of the liquor traffic. Of course 
 we now and then get a man elected by one of 
 these parties who will be true to his convictions, 
 whether he pleases his political masters or not. 
 But such a man is doomed to a short ])olitical 
 career. The wire-workers of the party will 
 not favor his second nomination. Most men, 
 knowing these things to be so, and hoping for a 
 continuation in office, will do as little as they 
 can, for fear of offending one wing or the other 
 ot the party that elected them. Hence the 
 condition of the political powers that now are, 
 will, as it has been in the past, prevent both the 
 enactment of righteous laws on the subject, and 
 their enforcement when enacted. 
 
 Sometimes we are told that temperance men 
 ought to attend the primaries and secure the 
 nomination of good men, and in that way make 
 themselves master of the situation. And yet 
 men ought to know that no great good can be 
 
PROHIBITION VS LTCENSK. 65 
 
 reached in this way. In the first place, the ar- 
 rangements are made by the party manipulaters 
 long before the unsuspecting temperance men 
 have thought of it; for they work for pay, 
 while we have no aim but the good of the 
 country. And in most places, it is not difficult 
 for saloon men to run in a few gravel trains 
 and vote as many whiskey tickets at a primary 
 election as they may w^ant, to elect any man 
 they wish to have attend the nominating con- 
 vention. And, further, we have already found 
 that, even though we should now and then suc- 
 ceed in se(;uring the nomination and election 
 of a good man in this way, yet the majority of 
 them come to have respect to the recompense 
 of reward ; and the hope of continual support 
 from the old party prevents the effort that ought 
 to be made to prohibit the rum trade. 
 
 Again, it is said that we ought to ask our par- 
 ties to adopt a prohibition plank in the plat- 
 form, for this would certainly be definite enough 
 to demand certain action of all its servants. 
 This we have done. But our entreaties have 
 been answered by repeated injuries. The lead- 
 ers in these parties expect that temperance 
 men, who earn an honest living, who are not 
 seeking any office, and who have no monied 
 interest in the question, except the general 
 well-being of the country, can be lashed into 
 the old party traces and made to support any 
 
66 PKOHIBITKJN VB LICPLNSE. 
 
 man at the polls, that ^' the good old party '^ 
 may nomiuate. But they know that, it is not so 
 with whiskey men. They have a personal in- 
 terest in the question, and will act with no 
 party bt yond the precincts of individual advan- 
 tage. Hence^ they are assured of keeping us 
 without heeding our petitions, and also that they 
 would have to part cumpany with the entiie 
 whiskey vote, if the party should take any 
 definite position against the sale of intoxicating 
 beveraii^es. The result is_, that they have not 
 and will not take any position in the matter. 
 
 And if one of the parties shouhl put a pro- 
 hibitory piauk in its platform it would commit 
 suicide in the operation. For it would lose its 
 entire whiskey vote, without gaining temper- 
 ance votes enough from the other party to make 
 up the (ieficit. For, as much as we dislike to 
 own it, yet it is true^ that many among us Jire 
 weak and sickly, and many sleep, and would 
 vote again with their old party, if not from 
 love for it, at leas-t from hatred to the other 
 party against ^which they have contended so 
 many years. '^Well, then, what do you ])ropose 
 to do about it ?^^ says the whiskey-loving politi- 
 cian of to-day. I answer for only one of the 
 friends of truth and justice, I propo-e to try to 
 unite all. w^ho love humanity, r.gainst this giant 
 evil against W' hich we contend, not simply in per- 
 suading all we can to desist from the use of that 
 
PitOHIBITION VS LICENSK, 67 
 
 which can intoxicate, but in voting only for 
 sober, honest, competent men. In doing this I 
 hav(^ no doubt that a new political party will 
 come into btdn^ that will dare to deal with the 
 liviiig issues of cur a^e and nation. For, so 
 far as I can now^ see, such a party is an absolute 
 necessity, both to enact and to enforce a law 
 prohibiting the manufacture, importation, sale, 
 and use of that which can intoxicate. I have no 
 doubt that if all the legal voters in the United 
 States could be had to vote directly on this 
 issu(-. License or Prohibition, that three out 
 of every hv« would vote the latter. Hence I 
 have hope for my country. It may indeed re- 
 quire time before men can be disentangled from 
 their present political relations so as to act 
 acc^rding to their better judgment in this mat- 
 ter, but the day will come. ^' That which now 
 lets loill let till it be taken out of the loay,^^ but 
 these powers that now O'ppose humanity; that 
 now license the worst crime that has ever been 
 committed, will be removed. I have ceased to 
 expect the regeneration of either political par- 
 ty. But T hope and pray for their death. 
 
 A word to my friends and I am done. The 
 success of our cause is the hope of our nation. 
 Our people are becoming a nation of drunkards. 
 And unless we can roll back these sulphurious 
 clouds, w^e shall be as Sodom, and Gomorrah, as 
 Babylon, Nineveh, and Jerusalem. The flood- 
 
68 PROHIBITION VS LICENSE. 
 
 gates of iniquity are opened wide, the crater is 
 belching rivers of burning corruption. Up^ 
 and to your post. Be strong and quit you like 
 men. The battle is to be fierce. God grant 
 that it may be shortened for the elect^s sake. 
 Support no man, as you love your soul, for any 
 office, who is unsound on the question of Pro- 
 hibition. Work, work, and God bless the 
 right. 
 
A Successful Sunday School. 
 
 Sunday-school workers have usually fuuiid the following ditiicuJtieB 
 in the way of success: 1. The want of prompt and regular aitend- 
 auce. 2. To meet the necessary expen-es of the sciiool. 
 
 To assist in overcoming these two difficulties we have pr. pared the 
 following Series oi' Caids. First the 
 
 FAI ; IIFUL SERIES, 
 which have proven of great service in securing the desired attend.^nce: 
 and second, the 
 
 FINANCIAL SERIES, 
 wliich have proven equally successful in solving the money problem. 
 
 SUNDAY SCEOOL CARDS 
 
 No. 49. THE PLEDGE.— To be used for securing a pledge from 
 each pupil to contribute so much every Sunday. 24 in 
 package, - - . _ - - 25 
 
 No. oO. BE FAITHFUL CARDS— To be given to each pupil 
 every Sunday for faithful and prompt attendance. A 
 beautiful little card, printed in a variety of colors. — 
 100 in package, - - - - - - 30 
 
 No. 51. EVER FAITHFUL— To be given monthly by redeeming 
 the Be Faithful cards. We have just got ont a new 
 style of this card, with a beautifu! chromo picture in 
 the center. It is a beauty. 40 in package, - - 50 
 
 No. 52. THE CROWN.— This is the finest card on our list, and is 
 to be used for redeeming the Ever Faithful Cards at 
 the end of each quarter. Per package - - - 60 
 
 CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSIT. 
 A very handsome card, with Scripture texts tastefully ar- 
 ranged, with the amount deposited printed m the background. 
 100 in package. Assorted colors. 
 
 No 53. Certificate of Deposit. 100 one cent checks, in pack, - 4'"» 
 No. 54. *' " 100 two cent checks in pack. - 40 
 
 No. 55. " " 160 three cent checks, in pack, - 40 
 
 No. 56. " " 100 five cent checks, in pack, - 40 
 
 No. 57. " " 100 one, two, three, and five cent 
 
 cheeks, - - - 40 
 
 No. 58. THE FAITHFUL STEWART— To be used for redeem- 
 ing the Certificates of Deposit. This is a very hand- 
 some card, printed in several colors, with a beautifnl 
 chromo picture on each card. 12 in package, - - 35 
 No. 59. THE GEM— A superb chromo card, 8x10 inches, suitable 
 for framing. It is designed to redeem the Faithful 
 Stewart. 10 in package, . . - - 52.00 
 
 In addition to the above, we keep a large stock of Cards of all styles 
 and prices, from various publishers. 
 
 CENTRA!. BOOK CONCERN, 
 
 Oskaloosa, Iowa. 
 
THE ECLECTIC 
 
 BIBLE LESSONS, 
 
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 Edited by Prof. S. P, Lucy. 
 
 These ]ev*vSons are pu>>lished monthly on fine book paper, in magaziiie 
 form. Prof. S. P. Liiey, who has had large experience as a teacher and 
 in ci^unduy-school work, will prepare the lessons. This fact alone v\ili 
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 valuable to every one engaged in Sunday school work. Every teacher 
 should have them. 
 
 The following congratulation and encouragement from the pen «f 
 Bro. Monser indicates the value ( f these lessons and the high estima- 
 tion in which they are held by those most competent to judge of their 
 won h : ' 
 
 " De Soto, Iowa, Jan. 8th, 1875, 
 
 "Dear Bro. Lucy: — Let me congratulate you on your skill in get- 
 ting up the lessons for the Sunday-school. I am glad you are not 
 afraid to make use freely of all aids. You are right in giving us an 
 Eclectic lesson. Use whcitever of the National Sunday school Teacher 
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 thought, and we do not care where it comes from, so that it is Scriptur- 
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 Printed on fine book paper, magazine form, each number containing 
 a month's lessons, with the sacred text printed in full. Also Notes, 
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 If one month's lessons are ordered at a time, the rates will be (cash 
 in advance) as follows : 
 
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 Address €ENTRAIi BOOK CONCER]!^, 
 
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 BIBI.£ vs SPIRITUA1.ISM. By (i. T. (•arpe>-ter. 
 
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 ious happiness. But all will be found of chaste and pj-etty senti- 
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 THE I>I\INITY OF CHRIST A]M> DIAI.ITY OF 
 
 MAX. By Eid. Joinas Hartzel, author of " The Kingdom of 
 Heaven and its Government," "The Covenants," "Evidences 
 of Christianity," "Controversial Letters," etc., etc. 
 
 PROPOSITIONS: 
 Part 1. Was the Christ of the Netv Testament the son of tuohx- 
 
 man parents f 
 Part II. Is dfan a Duality, or is he wholly Mortal ? 
 
 No grander and more important propositions were ever sub- 
 mitted to the human understanding than those discussed in this 
 work. The discussion is, to©, at once timely, able, and' thorough- 
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 writers of the century. This book is the ripened fruits of the 
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 has written because he had something to say that he deeply felt 
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 These articles were first published in the Evangelist, and excited 
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 Price percopv, 15 cts.; per doz., §1.50 ; per hundred, ^10.00. 
 
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Prohibition 7S License 
 
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THE DESTINY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE WICKED. 
 
 An oral discussion held atBIoomfield, lo^a, Feb. 2-5, 1875, between 
 
 O. T. CARPENTER, of the Church of Chrii^t, 
 
 and 
 
 JOHX HUOMEiS, Universalist. 
 
 PROPOSITIONS. 
 
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 kind. 
 
 2. The Scriptures Teach the Endless Punishment of those who Die in 
 Wilful Disohedienee to the Gospel. 
 
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