Class Ea4- Book JA5_l:l5^ Copyright r COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. OFFICIAL SOUVENIR. PUWLISMCD BY nEDFORfir- nERCURY* Something New DON'T fail to take a ride in the Observation Autos over the famous PAUL REVERE ROUTE from Arlington Heights to the Old North Bridge at Concord. All points of interest explained by EXPERT GUIDES Among other places visited are Lexington Battle Ground, Buckman Tavern, Hancock- Clarke House, the homes of Emerson, Alcott, Hawthorne and the Old Manse. Cars leave Arlington Heights hourly from lo A.M., until 5 P.M. Round trip covers more than 20 miles Pare, One Dollar LEXINGTON &> CONCORD SIGHT-SEEING CO. EDV^^ARD W. TAYLOR, Manager TEL. 5a-3 LBXtNGTON THE WESTERLY^ GRA/^ITE COAPA/^Y +++ BLUE * R.CD riwK ♦• WMrrt GRAAITC MARBLE • BRO/IZC SLATE + f L 1 JJJ5 BoYLSTO/s Street TCL.+ BACR.6AY 2-»ai-2 BOSTOAI. /*\ASS. COMPLIMENTS OF Houghton & Dutton Boston, Mass. / / "S^ w MEDFORD PAST AND PRESENT 275th Anniversary '4^# OF Medford, Massachusetts June, 1905 Issued with the Approval of the Printing Committee of the 275th Anniversary Celebration PlIRl.ISHKD BY MEDFORD MERCURY '905 f K \ r:: r- LIBRARY of OONGRESs] Two Copies riegeivni AUG 15 1905 Uou»rii!iii tiiuji OUISS «. AAc. Nu KNiiuA viMis Fri;\isiii';i) iiv ■\V. .). J>uiiixs()N Engkavincj Company, IIo.stun PAI'KR FURNISHED liV Aknoid-Roberts Company, libsTox printing material fvrni.siiei) by" American Ty'pe Founders Company-, Boston riiKss\v()i!K done hy fii;om:K E Chosby Comi'any, Boston rookkixdinci done 1!y Fi;ei)ki;ii'1v Ekles & Comi'any, Boston Entered iirrordinii tu Art of Coiir/refiK, April 37, i.W.5, by the Medford Puhli>iliii>a Compani/, iledford. Miixmchusctts, in the office of the Liljrarian of Comjrens, Washinnton, D. C. JXTltdDVCTOIlV Tf'O (ijipi-djirhilrli/ ruiimii'iiiunilr in iirniuiui'iil /nnii llir rclrhra- ^ tioii (if llir III-,, liiiiiilri il (111(1 Kcrciaii-Jiflli (iiiKh-crxdr!/ (if llic fdundiiKj I'f the 'I', ,11-11 (if Mctiford, this tidiii-ciiir in inniicd viiilcr tlir title (if '■ M(il/(in!. I'list (did Present." SVi, cffarl hiix hcci, sjiarcd III iiiiiK-i' if ciiiiiiiiirt ii-illi tlic di(/iiity and ittipoHanrc nj llir (iica- siiiii. (iiid it is issued III/ the Medford MerrHi-i/, whieh far iiidny i/('((i:s lids heeii cldsely ideiilifled v'it/t the hisliin/ iind prdijress of the eitji. II is the vm-l: iif Medford irrilers mid drlisaus dud is jirinted dud imlilislicd in Medfdrd. Far iiidiii/ i/riii-s dflcr l/ie nniiiversnri/ has passed, this sdiirenir vnll recall In miiul //,,■ ,//„- ridus history nf Medfard and the deeds iif the men mid irinnrn ii-lid dssisled in esldhlishiin/ her fame aiiil iiriisjnrili/. II is an dceiirdte, interestiinj and rdlniihle record of tivo hundred and f,eveiity-jive years of mnnicipnl life. Ei-er since Medfur sitting down: For Salem, where we landed, pleased us not. And to that purpose, some were sent to the Bay, to search up the rivers for a con- venient place; who, upon their return, re- ported to have found a good jdace upon Mistick; but . . . we found a place that liked us better, three leagues up Charles river.. . .Hut. . .we were forced to change c(Uinsel.an(lfor our present shelter toplant disperscdly . . . some of us upon Mistii'k, whicli we named Meadford." (M((Ks. llist. Hiji-ictij CoUectiouK.) John Winthrop,for many years the f Winthrop that the first few years of the settlement at Medford were prosperous. The earlier history of Medford is but imperfectly known, as the records of the Town unfortunately go back no farther than 1073, for by some fatality, the first twenty or thirty pages of the manuscript are missing, being lost or destroyed, — a loss which has been a source of constant disappointment to the gleaner of the true history of that early period. Governor Mathew Cradock, who sent his men to Medford, was the founder and patron of Medford. lie was the richest member of the Massachusetts Bay Com- pany, being especially instrumental in its formation in 1628, which was the first sys- tematic effort for the permanent settle- ment of the Colony. Thus Mathew Cradock, Governor of the Company, in its commercial capacity, and not its political head in America, although he never came to the Colony or to his plan- tation at Mistick, or Medford, may well be honored,notalone by Medford, but Jlassa- chusetts ; for his zeal, wealth and personal influence contributed much in promoting the interests and prosperity of the Puritan causrd until the beginning of the eighteenth century, when at last they be- <-ame the hapless victims to the encroach- ment of civilization. The little settlement at Medford Nour- ished and I5rospereduntill041,whenupon the death of its patron, Mathew Cradock, the blessings of his establishment and jiat- ronage were withdrawn. The fishermen, coopers, woodchoppers and shijiwrights sought other fields, and the peojjle left were few in number and so poor that they could not support a settled minis- ter, — the last humiliation a Puritan com- munity could be called upon to endure. It " l(j41. It is ordered that all fariups tliat are witliin the bounds of any town should bee of the towne in w'"'' they lye, exce]it Meadford." And later, in 1084, the General Court, upon a "petition of the inhabitants in Meadford," took the following action: — "•Jl Octo. 1084. The magists judg meet to grant ye petioners' request and de- clare Meadford hath bitin and is a pecul- iar and haue ]iowers as other Townes as to prudential Is and tlieir brethren the dep- uties hereto consenting. Ki>w. Rawson, Secret. Consented to by the Deimties. Wii, 1,1AM ToHRKT, Clerie." ( K.rlnii-ls/i-itiii i'lihinkil Hfconlx. ) By reason of the unusual conditions of the settlement in the first half century of MKDFOrH), PAST A.\l) I'UKSKNT its lifi', JlciUdnl was never inecirporated a Town, althiiUfih many printeil authori- ties speak of Medforil as a Town, incor- |)orat^d in 1030; but this is an error arising from the fact that taxes were as- sessed to the settlement, whicli were paid by Cradock. After the deaths of Cradock and Win- throp, Medford passed many years of un- certain prosperity, — years of hardship and disajipointment, of which there is very meagre rei>ort. T}ie records, even tliough lost, could hardly have been com- plete, for as was the case in all the early settlements, tlie Colonists and tlieir im- of soldiers to the Indian and French wars, and later in that ej>och of patriotic excite- ment wliich culminated in the Revolution, its inhabitants were in full sympathy with tlie sentiment of the times and performed valiant service in behalf of liberty and the cause of their country. Tliese facts of tlie early history of Med- ford can never be spoken of in a spirit of disparagement, either in the case of the early inhabitants, or that magnifi- cent man, Mathew Cradock; for they were the result of exceptional circum- stances and jiortray an example of adver- sity and liardship which often confronted He caused mucli unhappiness to the com- munity, and after a long and tedious con- troversy between the inhabitants and Woodbridge involving compensation and as to the question of his being a settled minister, the General Court declared that he "was not legally the minister," and ordered the community "to settle an- other without delay." The people then "humbly begged the General Court not to impose a minister upon them without tlieir consent" and voted in spiritual equity to Woodbridge: "The difference hath been as tenderly, carefully and well managed as we could." MEDFORD SQUARE AS IT IS TO-DAV mediate successors were not occupied with the recording of history or the glo- ries of their past, but with the making of history and with the duties of the pres- ent and hopes of the future. After languishing many years, about 171.5, the settlenu'ut began to recuperate and recover from its desperate circum- stances; for the honest yeomen, the bone and sinew of the Colonists, after being thrown upon their own res(mrces, proved and again established the standing of their race. With their numbers somewliat mul- tiplied, they at last brought renewed life and vigor into the .settlenumt, so that it played a creilitable part in the events of early American liistory. It sent its quota those sturdy pioneers of the cdd days. That heroic sjiirit which carried them through the limg and painful period of misfortune was strengthened by the pul- pit, although Jledford had no settled Min- ister or Church until alnujst the eiglit- eenth century; its people went elsewhere, and often some divine or tutor from Harvard College came to j)reach and ad- minister to their spiritual needs. The celebrated James Noyes, under Cradock's patronage, preached here in l(i:!4. The Reverend John Hancock, grand- father of the patriot, preached here in 1092-03. Then the Reverend Benjamin Woodbridge, a litigious parson, got a tenacious grasp on the pulpitof Medfoi-d. In 1724, the advent of that enunent preacher, the Reverend Ebenezer Turrel, brought a long period of peace and hapi>i- nessto the community. He presided here until his death, in 177S. The third minister was the learned preacherand patriot, Rev- erend David Osgood, in 1774. Ilewasanex- ceediugly honu'Iy man. On one occasion he nu't a boy from Maiden in Medford Square. Being nearsighted, lie reniarke; second, t' 10, and for third, iui- jirisonment." People were wliijiped f(ir uttering mali- cious and scandalous speech, punishe- lution, the hills and valleys of Medford, Somerville and Cambridge were a rendez- vous where patrif)ts camped, marched and fimght in their struggle for huinan equality. Many and interesting are the tales of our local patriots. There was Ilarrv l!ond. tlie blarksmith THE GOVERNOR BROOKS HOMESTE.\D of the village, in whose shop, situated at the corner of Main street and the Turn- jiike, many a patriot scheme was planned and nnfh The taverns of Medford became a fa- vorite retreat for the Hessian and British officers of Burgoyne's army, when, as jirisoners, they were quartered at Winte r Hill. They were treated well, for old- fashioned hospitality would not refuse to make endurable the enforced stay of the conquered enemy. Not far from the smithy's headquar- ters and from these famous inns was the Ki lyall House, the rendezvous of the Tory and adherents of the King, where amidst grand surroundings, feasting and wine, the important questions of the day were si-offed at and but lightly treated. The patriot smithy fell at Bunker Hill. He informed his wife, the night before, he was going to the battle on the morrow to serve his country. The tall, stalwart form of Harry Bond was seen waving aloft, at the clo.se of the battle, the colo- nial flag, whenthe fabil buUetof a grena- dier laid him low. His (dd blacksmith shop, a weather-beaten, unpretentious af- fair, very soon disappeared. The Royall House, the nursery of Tory schemes, still stands. The ill-fated expedition to Quebec, under Arnns held high military offices in tlie service of our country during the stirring times from 18(31-0.5. The Lawrence Light Guard was one of the first companies to volunteer in 1861, and one of the last to be mustered out of service in 186.5, and again in 1898. Medford has always voted generously to support the country in time of need. Her HERBERT A. WE1T52 sons have never been found wanting, for they have fought in every battlefield since the birth of our Republic. The Tories of Medford in Revolutionary days, such as Royall, were not treated unkindly. It is pleasantly said that " to carry on his farm after his departure was found to be sometimes difficult: for the honest man's scythe refused to cut Tory grass, and his oxen would not plough Tory ground." So true a friend, so generous a bene- factor, so useful a citizen, — for he was a representative to the General Court and for years a councillor, — and so true a Christian was Royall, that we may in part pardon his weak heart, cowardice and Toryism. Royall died in England, broken-hearted and disgraced. He bequeathed two thou- sand acres of land to found the first law professorship at Harvard University. There was another Tory in Medford Joseph Thompson, who chartered a ship and committed depredations upon the people. The historic treasures of old Medford have during the past decade fast disap- peared, as at one time, at almost every corner, one could turn some page of his- tory. The march of progress, forgetful- ness of the past, by a careless public, have erased Tuuch of value. The Medford Historical Society has done much to preserve ancient historic 12 MKliFdHlK I'A.ST AJSD PRESENT Iiniiirs, ri'cnrds :ui(l lucnuiiH-ntts and to keep alive the i5atriotic spirit, as has also Meilford's foremost citizen, General Samuel C. Lawrence. On the old Andover Turnpike, passing Spot Pond, may be seen evidence of the settlement of the Scotch-Irish, who came from Londonderry, X. H., in 171i1, intro- ducing the foot siiinning wheel and the cultureof potatoes. ( )nc ramblingtlirougli the Fells may see evidence of this settle- ment, — idd orchards, ruins of old cellars, clumps of old familiar garden flowers, "lingering lovingly around fild mossy launched. The other two industries still exist. Tlie old muster ground during the war became the famous Mystic Park track, a rendezvous of the renowned horsemen and horses for more than a quarter of a century. A wave of virtuous sentiment, a few years past, overcame the community, and the oncefamous sporting ground was dismantled, and there now remains but fond reccdlection and the ruins of this popular old race track. The population of Medford steadily in- creased, and although business and man- Tlu' early settlement of Medford under the patronage of Mathew Cradock and the iiiunediate leadership and wisdom of Winthrop and Dudley, was not less aus- picious than the beginning of its munici- pal career. Medford's first Mayor was that distin- gtushed stddier and public-sjiirited citi- zen. General Samuel C. Lawrence, whose administration of the city was afortunate one. His devotion to public duty and the integrity and wisdom of his administra- tion were a worthy examiile to his suc- cessors in the public service. MEDFOKD SQUARE, SHOWING THE OLD TOWN PUMP crundjling walls," with other tokens of places once occupied, now deserterosperous. The shi]il)uil(ling came to a close in 1S73, when the last s]iii> built at Jledford was utacturing interests languished and no new interests settled here, the village flourished until it was incorporated a city in 18fl2. Its civic life, prior to its incorporation, was not unlike that of other villages and ci>mmunities. Its affairs were adminis- tered in old New England style, and not- withstanding it was never incorporated a Town, town meetings were held in the good old way, and public affairs were well nuinagcd. lie has done much to make Medford what it is to-day. He presented Medford with one of tlic finest and liest con- structed Ariuoiy l)uildings in the world as the lionic of the local military com- pany, the Lawrence Light (iuard. This magniticent gift is a fitting monument to his devotion to Medford and his public service. His successors as Mayor were Baxter E. Perry, Lewis H. Lovcring, Charles S. 13 MKDFOUI), PAST A.MJ 7 '/?/■> AW 7 Baxter and the present emiiiiibeiit of tlie office, Micliael F. Dwyer. "Such," in the ■words of one of its his- torians, "is J[eout it upon the ice. Fnmi thence (towards the N. W. about half a mile) they came to the top (if a v<'ry higli rock, beneath which, (to- deep interest iu the public schools, and t(j-day we have a system of public educa- tion which is the pride of the citizens; modern and well equipped school build- ings, and an excellent teaching force. This is one of the most important attrac- tions iu making Medford a residential wards the N.) lies a goodly plain, part '■''^y- open land, and part wofxly. . . . This iJace they called Cheese Koek, because, when they weiit to eat somewhat, they had no elieese, (the gn (lur ji>inney thnnigh Jlistick, which is a small town of ab't a hundreil houses, i>leasantly situated, near to which is a fine country seat belonging to Isaac Koyall, being one of the grandest in N. America." Thus early it had a reputation for what it is to-day. To-day, as then, Medford has its fine estates and residences, with a poinilation of nearly twenty-one thou- sand. Throughout the City one is pleased w itli the attractive and well built houses and lawns that may be seen. Medford, beautifully situated (in rising ground, on both sides of the Mystic Kiver, is built up iu au attractive style, with good roads, most of which are macadamized; good railroad service; ex- cellent water and sewerage systems, re- of the increasing value of land, which has suiting from the Metropolitan systems; increased in value in Medfcird from ten surrounded by the beautiful Middlesex sliillings anacre, in lOo."), to the high val- Fells on the north; and interspersed ues of the iiresent day. throughout the City are small public Medford can lay no claim to having au parks and playgrounds. Surrounding the industrial or nuiiuifactiiring reputation City are fine boulevards connecting with to-day, for with an exception or two, the great Metropolitan system around there are no important manufacturing lioston. plants located here. Throughout Medford, are several at Kdncationally, our City is on an equal- tractive streets ornamented with shade ity with any in our Commonwealth. The trees. From many points throughout the people of Medford have always taken a City, one is impressed with the pictur- esque views t(i \w had. The natural beauty of Medforil and its environments has been enhanced by the treatment prin- cipally bronglit about by the Metropoli- tan systems, and there is ample evidence that the art of man has been able to re|ilace the wants of nature. Jlcdford has many advantages as a resi- dential city and few disadvantages. It is to-day a beautiful, well appointed subur- ban city, inviting every stranger who likes to stay for a few hours, or days, or permanently; for Medford offers to the visitors, or to those contemplating mak- ing it their home, something good and lieautiful. It is beautiful by nature, enhanced by tin- spirit of its citizens, for it all remains with them what the city and its institu- tions shall be socially, politically, resi- dentially and so on. The Medford of the past and the Med- ford of to-day is the product of industry, frugality and intelligence and of those nioial principles implanted here by the eaily I'liritan and Tilgrim. Kicher than they and their successors by the wealth of their example, let us remember that the only conditions of life are change and progress. It is our duty to preserve and transmit the blessings of our inheritance unim- paired, — rather, improved, — in civic pur. ity, to the generations that are to succeed us. This superior trust can only be exe- cuted by maintaining the virtue of our ancestors, for the same agencies which en- al>lcd them to acquire will be needed to enalile us to preserve. ".V jieople which takes no pride in the nolde achievements of remoter ancestors," wrote Macauley "will never achieve any- thing worthy to be remembered with pride by remote descendants." "Let us now |iraise famous men, and our fathers that begat us. .\11 these were honored iiL tlieir genera- tions, and were the ghiry of their times. Tliere be of them, that have left a name behind them, that their praises might be reported." (EcctcKtustirits, xliv. 1, T, S.J AiiTiionrriKS: — Colnnial Recurd, Mass. Hist. Snc. Collections, Wintlirop Hist, of New England, Fiiitliingliam Hist, of Charleston, Brooks' Hist., Usher.s' Jtist. of Medford, Hntchinsons', etc.. Town Records of Medford, Historical Regt'ter, Medford Hist. Society. 15 SAMUEL C. LAWRENCE, FIRST MAYOR OF Medfobd Hi^oric Houses of Medford I'.Y .loriN 11. lIooPEli OLB 1®¥a'L1L n®m% ° ISD® °yned/or(],A\ass. IN sjieakiiig . 4, "/ the ili'ilford IliitnricKl liifijisti'r.) All that x>ortion of the Ten Hills Farm now situated in Medford, came into the possession of Lieutenant Governor John Usher, through his wife Elizabeth Lidgett U.sher, in the year 1092. Mr. Usher came to reside on his farm in the year 1097 and continued here until his death, in the year 1720. His heirs conveyed to Isaac Koyall, senior, in the year 1732. Mr. Koyall re- sided here from tlie year 17^57 to 1739, the date of his death. His son, Isaac Koyall, junior, succeeded to the estate, and it is supposed that under his directions the mansion assumed its present shape. By the annexation of the Koyall Farm and other estates on the south side of the Mhiir<>i:ii. r.isT AM) i-UKshwr OLD WELr.IN'GTOV HOUSE, FORMERTA' THE I'.T.AXrHARD ESTATE Mystic River to the town of Jledford, in the year 17')4, Colonel Royall beeame a resident of Medford and took great in- terest in the welfare of the town. The breaking out of the war of the Revolution found him halting between two ox^inions. His fears finally prevailed, and he left his home April 1(1, 1117), never to return. He died in England, in the year 1781. His es- tate was conliscated by the Common- wealth of Massachusetts. The mansion house was the favorite quarters of the American officers during the seige of Boston. The old Slave Quarteis share with the mansion house the interest that attaches to the whole estate. The Royall House is now owned by Miss Catherine Geer. WELLINGTON KAIIMIIOUSB On April 1, 1G:!4, the General Court granted to Reverend .Jnathan Brfxiks in the year 1791. The estate is now in the possession of the Brooks heirs. BLANCHAKDS TAVEKN Blancliard's Tavern stood just south of Cradock Bridge; and in 1833, a portion of it was removed to a new location oppo- site Mystic avenue, and remodeled into a double tenement house. It is now num- bered 133 and V?,'i Main street. It is now owned by the heirs fif Orchard Peasley and the heirs of John D. Small. SHIP STREET IN THE OLDEX DAYS, (FHOM w.\TER coLOi! sketch by rER.Missiu>- OF Fkeu H. C. Woulley; Roads and Bridges of Medford COMPILKL) KRU.M (JLD KkcOKUs BY JOUN H. HOOPEK COURSE OF MIDDLESEX CAXAL TIIROL'i . 11 ItliOOKS' ESTATE ROADS THERE can be no iluubt but that the early paths or roads of old Jledford were located substantially where our great highways now are, and it is probable that in many cases they fol- lowed the I lid Indian trails along the banks (■f the river and out into the country. The nearest, and, in fact, the principal land route between Salem and other set- tlements in eastern and ntirthern Xew England, and Charlestown, Boston and tl\e other settlements on the south side of ^Massachusetts liay, was through Medford by the way of what are now known as Salem, South and Main streets, crossing the river at the ford or, after the building of Mistick Bridge, fiver tliat bridge. The fi ird was situated in that bend of the river extending from South street next west of Mr. Chandler's house and landing near the new Armory on High street. Pasture Hill in those days extended to the bank of the river, and it is very likely that travel- ers from Salem to Charlestown passed a long the bank of the river, entering what is now High streetnear the presentSquare. It is also very probable that, prior to the building of Mistick Bridge, the traveled path to and from the ford on the south side of the river ran across lots, so to speak, instead of turning the nearly square cor- ner now made by Main and South streets. Salem street is shown upon a maj) sup- posed to have been made in the year HioS, and Main street and the Menotomy Road (part of Broadway) on one made in the year 16;j7. Salem street was spoken of as early as the year 1038 by the several names of "Salem path," "Salem highway," ■■ Tlie way to Mistick," and " Salem path to Mistickford." A portion of High street was spoken of that same year as the "Ware highway," and later as "the way to the Wears." The River road (Riverside ave- nue) was referred to In the year l(i.5T as "the common highway leading from the Mansion Hou.se (Wellington) unto Charles- town Commons and Meadford House." Meadford House was Governor Cradock's Farmhouse situated in or near the present Square. Woburn records say tliat on the fourteenth of the seventh month, 1646: " Edward Convers and Samuel Richard- sou are appointed to lay out a liighway between tliis town and Mistick Bridge, being joined with some of Charlestown, and some of Mistick house." .June 16, 1663, the records of the County Court say that a committee was ap- pointed by the Court to lay out a high- way between Cambridge and Woburn, through Medford. This location cannot be determined; probably it was by way of the milldam across Mistick River, and over the present lines of Grove street. October 1, 1672, the County Court ap- pointed a committee to lay out a highway between Cambridge and Medford, and April 1, 1673, the committee reported as foUows:— " To begin upon the county highway at a certain brook running through and upon Sim'ms, his land, so as to run on the east side of Mistick Pond, as the highway now runs, until it comes to a certain Black Oak standing by an old ditch on tlie plain, and then to run down in the Held to tlie mill, through Captain Tim Wheeler's land and so to pass over the River, at and upon the dam that pertains to the mill." From this description we Knd that this way commenced upon the highway lead- ing from Woburn to Mistick Bridge at Symmes' Corner in Winchester, running over the present location of Grove street, upon the lines of a former highway; no doubt, the way laid out in the year 1063. The milldam referred to was built by Thomas Broughman, in the year 1656. The mill was on the Arlington side of the river. December 23, 1673, the County Court appointed two committees: one to lay outa highway between Mistick bridge and Woburn, and the other to settle the highway from Cambridge to Mahlen. •23 MEDFO 111). PAST A.XD PRESENT April ", 1074, the committee on tlie highway from Mistiik Uridge to Woburii, nuule their report. Siuh landmarks as '• IJare lliU" and "Elbow IliU" are men- tioned, as liare Ilill is the hill at Symmes' Corner, and Elbow Uill is a part of Oak Grove Cemetery. It is clear that the high- way laid out by this committee was sub- stantially the same as was laid out in the year 1641), and is probably the location of the highway as it exists at the present day from \\'oburn through Winchester, and over Xorth Winthrop, Woburn, High and Main streets to Cradock Briilge. On the above mentioned day, the committee appointed to settle the highway between Cambridge and ilalden made its report : " From the new County road by the Slate Hill, over the sorrelly plain through Wr. Winthrop"s farm to the road leading til Mistick Bridge, and from there o\er Gravelly Bridge, and to the left over the plains to Maldi'U." The sorrelly plains is the land on eaih side of Harvard street. [August 22, 169.5.] " A Complaint was made to the County Court about an in- cuiubrance upon a Country Highway leading from Woburn to Cambridge, on the east side of Jlistick Ponds."" A warrant was isstied to a committee to repair to said Highway as soon as may be, and remove any incumbrance that maybe deemed a common nuisance. The committee reported JIarch 10, 16f)o-flG: "That they had laid open the country road except a short space by the house of Caleb Brooks, he having x'lanted an ori'hard thereon, which bears fruit. He jiromised to allow a free and convenient passage through his yard until the next County Court. ..." The return of the committee was con- sidered by the Court. "It being an ancient Highway, saving that the way go through the orchard of Caleb Brooks, shall be through said Brooks his yard, it being judged by the Court to be the Country Highway, with- out any further comi)ensation to be paid for it."'' At the session of the County Court, held March 22, 1708-09, the sheriff of Middlesex offered a motion, referring to a county road that is needful to be laid out from Menotomy road, so across Meno- tomy fields, over the ware, through Med. ford, to the place called Mr. Convers' Mills in Woburn, the Court appointed a committee to enquire into the convenience of the highway and whether it is needful. On the eighth day of July, 1709, the committee report: " That having visited the road leading from Menotomy (Arlington) to Convers' Mill in the township of Woburn, both in the Ancient road where Wheeler his mill formerly stood, and also the road leading through Adams his gate, leading by Mr. Jonathan Uunster over Mistick Kiver, at a idace commonly called the Wears. And we do judge it most convenient for the publick and least prejvidicial tip any pri- vate person, that said ancient road lead- ing by said mill cannot reasonably be made passable, but that the road leading from Adams his gate is the most advan- tagious for the jmblick and least preju- dicial to any particular person. And that the .said roadsliould hi' continued asnow improved, allowing three rods in width from said gate to the northermost line in Simms his farm." The cci\irt tlicrcupou issued an order' f(ir a jury to lay out the said highway. yards in Medford."' This way is now known as Fulton street. Most, if not all, of these highways within the limits of Medford were laid out over ways already existing. It was the custom in those days of defining the bounds of a highway by means of a stump, a rock or a niaiked tree. Such bounds soon disappeared and rendend a new laying otit of the way necessary. Some part of the trouble in keeping the lines of a road defined arose from the tendency of abutting owners to encroach as much as possible upon the highway. Witness the action of Caleb Brooks previously referred to. In the records of the County Court and in our own town records, may be found numer- ous references to encroacliments uponour highways. Taking into consideration the FOOT BUID(iE OVER C.iXAL IN KROOKS' EST.\TE and on October 2.'i, 1709, the jury sub- mitted their report: '• Beginning at Adams his gate in said Menotomy, allow ing three rods in breadth to the Wares, in the same place where the road lyeth and hath been for a long time iuil5rfive, Ui connect their landing at "No-Man"s- Friend" with the woodlots north of the then Medford line. Tlie way ran across Salem street and over a portion of the jiresent location of Fnlton street. Love lane was laid out at tlie same time. It leads to Pine Hill. Foster's coui't is an ancient way leading from tlie River road to " Labor in vain " landing. This location was sometimes called Wiggin's Corner. Next west, at the southerly end of Park street, was a short way leading to a landing place, which was afterwards tlie site of Magoun's shipyard and shij)- house. Following up the river, at tlie southerly end of Cross street was "No- Man's-Friend," or Wade's Landing. Tliis was the site of Lapham's shipyard. From High street a way led to a landing called the Bank; it was the northerly end of the ford. Vessels were built at this landing. It is now occupied by tlie new Armory and grounds. Kaiigeways laid out by the town of Charlestown across the " Stinted Pas- tures " leadingfrom Broadway, in Somer- ville, to Mystic River. Two of them are still open, the third rangeway known as North street, and the second rangeway known as Winthrop street. The Hrst range- way remained ojien but a short time; it ran over Colleg'j Hill near the chapel, and ended at the landing place on the river called the F'ord. There was a land- ing place at the end of tlie second range- way, and still another justeast of the Bos- ton and Lowell Railroad. This landing was reached by a short way leading westerly by the Rev.^rend William Smith's house from the third rangeway. Jlr. Smith was the father of Abigail Adams, wife of President .John AcLims. Union street, and the way leading from Main street to Bean's coal wharf, were laid out about the year 1720. South street was early called "the way to the Ford," afterwards " Fish House lane '" It was the work of Governor ('radocks agent, and was built of wood, one hundred fifty-four feet, five inches long, and about ten feet wide; and was raised about three feet above marsh level. Its approach on the sout h side was by means of a causeway. The date of its commencement is un- known, probably as early as tlie year 16.34, the date of Governor Cradock's grant. It is shown upon the plan of Governor \Viiithrop's Ten Hills Farm, made in the year l(w7. Charlestown records say that on the twenty-sixth of the tenth montli, IGSfi; '• It was ordered that Mr. Walter Palmer and Richard Sjnagiic should follow the suit at the Quarter Court against Mr. Cradock's agent for stopping up Mistick River with a Bridge, to the hindrance of boats and exacting t
Al MEDFORD, PAST Ayi) PHESEyT an i>i)posite clii-t'otion from the ime updii ■wliic-h it rested. This abutment was abnut ten feet in wirUh and was found to be in a perfect state of preservation. Tliis bridge, as will be hereinafter shown, was both rude and weak in its construction, in need of frequent repairs, and from the jieculiar cireuiustances connected with its care and maintenance, a source of con- stant annoyance, not only to the in- habitants of Medford, but also to the inliabitants of the neighboring towns, as well as to the Great and General Court. The first reference to this bridge in the records of the General Court is in the year 163!): ■'At the (leneral Court held in Hoston tlic liL'd of the :;d month (called May) 1(>W. .Mr. ilatthew Cradork is freed from rates to the County by agreement of the Court, for the year ensuing from this day, in re- gard to his charge in building the bridge, and the County is to tinish it at the charge of the public. Mr. Davidson and Lieut. Sprague to see it done and to bring in their bill of charges." Iti the years 1641, 1643 and 1646, the re- pairing of Mistick Bridge came before the General Court,and each time a committee was chosen to make necessary repairs at the charge of the Treasury. In March, a committee was chosen to view Mistick Bridge, and at the same session " it was voted by the whole Court that Slistick Bridge should be made and maintained by the County at the public charge.'' In 16.i7, it was dei-reed that the towns of Charlestown, Medford, ilalden, Wo- burnand Reading should, for the future, mend and maintain Mistick Bridge. The towns aforesaid were often complained of and were summoned into court to make answer to defects in the northerly half of Mistick Bridge. At a meeting of the Town of Jledford, lirld May 13,1761, a committee was chosen '■ to treat with Woburn, Reading and ^[al- den, concerning Medford bridge, and ti^ acquit any of tlieni that shall comply from all further charge, arnd to treat with the General Court, if there be reason." The result of the treat with these towns discharged them from any further care of Mistick Bridge. In the year 17.')4, that part of Medford on the south side i>f tlie river was set off from Charlestown, to Medford, and as a consequence, Medford assumed the care of the southerly half of Mistick Bridge, so that by the arrangment with the three towns above mentioned, Medfordassumed the sole care of the bridge. In the year 1780, the Town of Medford proposed to wi, 1804, the town chose a conunittee to examine tile bridge, and report in what manner it sliould be repaired; and April 2, 1804, the committee repi ated that it was expedient that a new bridge be built. The cost of building without a draw, and including the cost of a temporary bridge, was estimated at one thousand dollars. The town accepted the report, re- chi ise the committee,and authorized them to contract for a new bridge. Private par- ties subscribed two hundred and eiglity dollars towards the building of the draw, but tlie sum was found tube insufficient; and on ilay 3, 180.5, the town instructed the Committee to go on and finish it. In 18-2!l, a town meeting was held and tlie committee in charge were Instructed to build with a draw. In the year 18:',:',^ (ieorge Fuller built at his yard above the bridge, a shij) of four hundred and forty tons burden, and was obliged to make changes in the draw in order to allow her to pass down the river. In the years 1834, 1830, and in 184.5, the draw was again widened. The last widening gave a pass- ageway of forty feet. In the year 1872, the ship yards above the bridge liaving been abandoned, the selectmen petitioneil the (ieneral Court for permission to builil a level bridge. This petition was granted with the proviso for a movable section forty feet in width. In the year 1870, sun- dry inhabitants again petitioned the Gen- eral Court, asking that this proviso be repealed. This was done, and the iircsent stone bridge was built in the year 1880. THE BRIDGE AT THE WEARS The first mention of a bridge at the Wears is in the town records of March 1, 1609: "Put to vote whether the town will give Jtr. .John .lohnson three pounds towards building a sufficient horse bridge over the Wears, said bridge being railed on each side, and tlie said bridge raised so high as there may be a fit p>assage for boats and rafts up and down said river. Voted in the affirmative." In December, 1721, the towns of Med- ford and Charlestown were complained of for not maintaining a bridge at the Wears. This complaint was dismissed. Again in December, 1736; May. 17:!8. and in May, 174;!, the said towns were in- dicted by the (irand Jury for neglecting to erect a bridge at the Wears. The defence of Medford was that the ford was easy and convenient, and that Med- ford people seldom or never traveled that way. Each time the towns were found not guilty. In the year 1746, a petition was pre- sented to (iovernor Shirley and the Gen- eral Court, askingforabridge acrossMis- tick River at the Wears. Charlestown and Medford both opposed this petition, but the General Court granted the same and the above named towns were ordered to build abridge. This bridge has been sev- eral times rebuilt. It assumed its present shape in the year 1802. The care and main- tenance of it is now a charge to the City of Jledford and the town of Arlington. GRAVELLY AND OTHER BRIDGES Gravelly Bridge is located in Salem street over Gravelly Creek, and it must have been built in the early days of the settlement of the town. April 27, 1710, a committee was appointed to view and con- sider wliat method may be most lU'oper for the repairing of Gravelly Bridge and to re- port at the next meeting; and June 11, 1716, the town voted to raise £5 to repair the meeting house and mend Gravelly Bridge. In the year 17.51, the town voted to rebuild this bridge with stone. Tlie bridges over Marble and Whitmore Bi ks in High street were, by order of the town, I'cbuilt of stone. All of these bridges were built so as to allow of ford- ing places, on one or both sides, to allow of the watering of horses and cattle. At Riverside avenue, the bridge over Giuvelly Greek was built in the year 1746 by private parties for the purpose of mak- ing a convenient way to the tide-mill. By agreement with the owners of the land over which this way was laid, the bridge was built of stone. The bridge over Mystic River at Har- vard avenue was built in the year 1856: it is situated in Medfiu-d and Arlington, and, by vote of the town, was named "Usher's Bridge." The bridge at Winthrop street over Mys- tic River was built in the year 1857 and named Winthrop Bridge. The decree of the county commissioners required that it should be built with a draw or movable section so as to allow for the jmssage of vessels. The rtrstbridgeatBostonavenue, called the Boston Avenue Bridge, was built in tlie year 1873. It is situated in tlu> cities MEDFORD, PAST A XI) PBESENT ft Jledford and Somerville. It is located llLl^ just been .■..mplctcd by tlic J[eti-o[Hili- There arc ;ils.. briilyvs si..ner.s. at Winthrop, Xc.rthancKirove streets, and (Tossed 51 ystie River. It has witliin a few „, , . , , ^ ti i ^ ^ ., , ,.,,,, «,,,., The bridge overtlie Boston anil L..\vell "Me at Harvard street over saul street. years been rebuilt of stone. Tlie bridgeat Auburn street was built in the year 187.;. l!''il''"'>d (Southern Division of the Host,.n Wlie,, tlie Mi.hUesex Canal was in ..per- Jliddle.sex Avenue Bridge was built in ''"'^ ilaine Railroad) was lirst built in the ation tliere were bridges over .said eanal tlie year 1873. It is situated in the cities J'*'ai' l''^'''l- It has within a few years been at Mystic avenue, Main, Winthrop, North of Medford and .Somerville. A new bridge rebuilt. and High streets. BRIDGE OVER THE MYSTIC AND ITS BUILDER Military Hi^ory of Medford Hy IIki-kn Tii.DKN Wild IN the days when our fathers fomuled the Conimiinwealth, Indian alarms were constantly expected and one or two garrison houses, similar to those which stand in Medford to-day as monu- ments to the past, wereanecessity. Owing however, to the friendly relations with the natives whom Cradock's men found hei'e, the tragic element is lacking in our early history. The first tax upon the inhabitants of Medford, levied in lOoO, was for the mili- tary instruction of all males over ten years of age; and, asearlyas 1081, tlie men of Charlestown, Medford and Cambridge met "at a convenient place above the In- dian wigwams " for monthly trainings, — a custom which answered thedouble pur- pose of insi)iringthe savages with awe and the white men with military enthusiasm. Ill 1();!7, two hundred soldiers were marslialled in Massachusetts liay from Hoston, Salem, Saugus, Ipswich, New- bury, Roxbury, Hingham and Jledford, each town's quota beinjT in proportion to its population. Our little "peculiar," not yet arrived at the full dignity of a town, furnished three men. In liJoS, the custom begun in 1631 was modilicd,and Jledford men were allowed to " lyst themselves in the trayne band of Gambrig", being no longer compelled to "travajle vnto Charls Toune. " In 1074, Medford "souldgers" were exercised by a sergeant, not being obliged to train regularly with other towns, but still be- ing too few to make a full company. This was just at the beginning of King Philip's war. A little later, Jonathan Wade was made captain of the " Three County Trooji" of hor.se, which was one of the nii>st famous military organiza- tions in tlie colonies. It was of impor- tance enough to have a special flag de- signed for it in England, and the device upon the banner, an uplifted arm bearing a sword, became, with slight modifica- tion, the crest of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The troop was active during King Philip's war, and on the scattered muster rolls we find mention of several Medford men who were in the blot>diest battles. One of them, James Stokes, "impressed" for service, was wounded. John Bradshaw, junior, was in Captain W^illiam Turner's company at the fight above Deerfield when the latter was killed. After the death of Philip we hear of John Whitmore, one of the nine householders of Medford, engaged in Indian warfare in the neighborhood of Saco, Maine. In 1691, the military {strength of the little town was much increased, and that year a major, a captain, a lieutenant, au ensign, two sergeants and two corporals appear on a list of twenty-seven tax- payers including one woman. The doings of the militia during Queen Anne's war are very imjierfectly chroni- cled in Massachusetts records; but we know that Captain Peter Tufts, who lived in the " Cradock House," was ordered with his troop of horse to reinforce the jiursuers of the Indians after the massa- cre at Grotou. A muster roll, dated 174S, shows that Medford had a company of sixty men ready for duty under Captain Samuel Brooks. At Louisburg, in 174.5, one of these men, William Tufts, junior, a lad of eight- een, when the troops were for the sixth time storming the Island Battery, scaled the wall, climbed tlie flagstaff, tore down the French standard and substituted his own red coat to represent the British colors. The actso stimulated his comrades and demoralized the French that the for- tification was taken, and in a few days the city was in the hands of the English- The boy camethroughthe exploit without a scratch and lived many years to wear his honors. He is credited with being the first man in Massachusetts to enlist for this expedition. During the French and Indian War, Captain Ebenezer Marrow, Cajjtain Caleb Brooks, and Captain Seth Blodget, all of Medford, commanded companies, in all of which were a good proportion of their townsmen. Muster rolls show that Med- ford had men on the eastern frontier in 1754, at Crown Point, 17.55; in Canada, 1758, and in Nova Scotia, 1759-60. Among the "eentinels, " as privates were called in the French wars, we find many names which were repeated on the Revolutionary muster rolls. Wlien Paul Revere halted at the old house still standing at the corner of High street and Bradlee rt)ad and aroused Cap- tain Isaac Hall of the Minutemen, the sons of these veterans, and in some cases the old s«ddiers themselves, answered the summons. Henry Putnam, who was killed on April 19, 1775, had served as a lieuten- ant at the capture of Louisburg in 1758, and William Polly, who died of wounds received at Menotomy, was the son of Jacob who had served in King George's war. The Medford Minutemen, after the battle of Lexington, went into camp at Prospect Hill, where one of their number died. Two were discharged and joined Arucdd's ill-fated expedition to Canada. MEDFOUI). f'A.'-T AM) /'/,'/•> /-."V V m 1 ' ?fc^ \ ^^ \ \ Is MEDFOIll). I'. 1ST AND PRESEXT In March of 1770, Captain Hall and his at Prospect Hill, and was present at the visiiinsan hasten the brigade there, camp in 1790, although lie seems to have In .July, 1771), twelve men were sent to in which was the Medford company. He prar accejitcd orders from the major general Hall died there. In the fall, another quota service. On the day following the evaiMi- only, and on the field it always took the went to Xew York. Meanwliik^ the militia ation of Boston, Brooks went with Wasli- riglit at general review. It was noted for were guarding stores, large quantities of ingtou to New York. He distinguished its fine drilling and appearance, and was which were collected and distributed himself at Saratoga, and later was made especially commended by Washington from Medford. Constant drafts called for sub-inspector of the army under Baron during his visit in 1780. It existed till men to go to Connecticut, Rhode Island Steuben. An autograph letter from Wash- 1828, when it resigned its commission, and, for short terms, to New York. These ington in regard to this appcuntmeut can In the war of 1812, the company did quotas were made up from the resident be seen at the Public Library of this city, duty at the Powder House, near Medford militia. When the officers of the American line; but as the politics of the town were At the close of 177(), the affairs were so forces were almost in revolt onaccountof very strongly against the policy of the grave, and the army was in such need of real and fancied wrongs, Colonel Brooks" government, comparatively few enlist- recruits, that Washington sent Colonel infiuence was largely instrumental in nieuts were made. Those who did enlist IJrooksandCaptaiuPritcliard, of Medford, preventing the disruption of the army. had but little sympathy from the towns- to Massachusetts to enlist men for three Thomas Pritchard was noted as a tac- people, as some of the records show, years or thewar.Theirpersonal popularity tician and for his bravery. Francis Tufts One man is spoken of as being in "Mr. was so great that they succeeded wattles in the vicinity of ,„i tlie field by General Gates, and in Edmund Gates and Abiel R. Shedd Saratoga which preceded liurgoyne's sur- 1780, was commissioned adjutant. A rcgi- were killed in battle, and John Blanch- render, mental book in the possession of one of ard, a boy "bound out" to Captain During the long years of the struggle for his descendants shows that he had served Worth, of Nantucket, was taken prisoner independence, this town gave hersonsand in that capacity since August 12, 177!). He when his master's ship was captured by her money in aid of the cause. Two hun- was atBunker Hill, havingmarched from the British. Captain John Le Bosquet, dred and forty men are distinctly credited Salem, and also served at Ticonderoga wholiadbeenaprisoner at Halifax during to her, beside others that are not so easily in 1770-77. the Revolution, suffei-ed a similar fate identified. Sixt^/-four others are recorded During the first year of the war this during the second war, at Liverpool, after who gave liberally of their money. The town was a rallying place fi.ir troops from losing the shix^ he commanded, population was t lien less than a thousand. New Hampshire and JIaine. Brigade head- Lieutenant John Brooks, eldest son of Benjamin, Ricliard, Isaac, Ebenezer, quarters were at the Royall estate, ami (;eneral John Brooks, was killed at the Stephen tertius and Stephen 4th, reprt- there prisoners were brought when cap- battle of Lake Erie, September 13, 181;'.. .senting three families of Hall, and others tured at points north of Boston. Alexander Scammel Brooks, his brother, not so prominent in town affairs, literally After thedefeatof Burgoyne'samiy, the was an officer in this war, and remained gave theirfortunes.Itisrecordedthatthis Hessianofficerswerequarteredat Porter's in the army till his death by accident in home guard voluntarily accepted depre- Tavern in the market place, and the rank ISMO. dated money from the town and reserved and file on Winter Hill. The Medford Light Infantry nnist not for the poor the little hard money that the Almost before the echoes of the Rev- be confounded with the militia company selectmen had at their command. The olution had died away. Shay's Bebelliim, which was in existence from the close of most famous of Medtord's soldiers of the because of troubles growing out of dis- the Revolution until about 1830, and Revolution were Colonel John Brooks, satisfaction in regard to the payment of which received into its ranks, in 1828, Captain Thomas Pritchard and Adjutant soldiers' claims, called the Medfordmilitia the members of the disbanded company. Francis Tufts, who served fnmi 177.'i to iutothe fieldagain. John Brookswas then. At the next muster. Captain Sparrcll the close of the war. All had the personal in 178."), a major general. He and Captain appeared on the field, says the History acquaintance and the esteem of General Ephraim Hall were present at themeeting of Medford, with one hundred ninety-six Washington, and were given commissions ,,f the council which considered the best men. Moses Hall, a veteran of the Revo- of trust under him. ^vay of dealing with the insurgents and of hition, Samuel Teel, Galen James, John Colonel Brooks, called by his devoted pnitecting the court which was to sit at T. White, John Sparrell, Josliua T. Foster patients "Dr. Brcjoks," but known to us Concord in a few days. and others commanded the militia at as "Governor Brooks," as he was tlie On recommendation of General Brooks, various times. chief magistrate of Massachusetts from the Medford Lightlnfantrywasorganized The next military organization of any 1816 to 1823, began his military service and put into service at Worcester, under importance was the Brooks Phalanx, as a Captain of Reading Minutemen. He Captain Hall. ..rganized in 1841 and named in honor of immediately enlisted for the war, served The treasurer's books show that pro- Governor Brooks, which coutiiinnl until MEDFOUD, PAST AND PRESENT 1849. This company, made up of some of the best young men of the place, was quite the fashion; but, on account of the decided disapproval of the Mexican war by the people of New England, did not figure in active service. Uniforms with plumed hats, and the standard presented by the ladies of Medford, made this com- pany very ornamental on training days or at public functions, and, under such men as Captain Samuel Blanchard and those who succeeded him, accomplished good military work. The headquarters was a little room in the north-east corner of the second story in the town hall build- ing, and the drill room the scanty floor space between the stationary seats, ranged ampliitheatre fashion, around the sides of the hall. Only one regiment went from Massa- chusetts to the Mexican war. The roll at the State House does not give the resi- dences of the enlisted men. Only one, Franklin Ramsdell, of Company K, is recorded as a native of Medford, and only three or four men, residents of Medford. entered the army. The Lawrence Light Guard was des- tined to perform the longest service for the country of any military body ever existing in Medford. On March 2", 1851, the company was commissioned in Winchester as Company A, seventh regiment, was designated as Comjiany E, in 1852, and became Com- pany E, tifth regiment, in 1855. The original name was the Winchester Liglit (iuard, and Frederick O. Prince, after- ward mayor of Boston, was the first captain. An independent company with Henry W. Usher, captain, was formed in Med- ford in 1853; and armed, uniformed and equipped at its own expense and provided with an armory in Uslier's Building, was patiently awaiting an opportunity to be commissioned as a regular company in the volunteer militia of the state. In 1855, a sufKcient number of the members of this company went to Winchester and enlisted on the seventh of March in the Light Guard, with the purpose of reor- ganizing and transferring the company to Medford. There, on the twentieth of March, it adopted the name Lawrence, in lionor of Daniel Lawrence. Henry W. Usher was the flrst captain, and Asa Law, first lieutenant. After the resignation f)f the former, the Matter held command un- til February 14, 1856, when Samuel C. Lawrence was commissioned captain. He DANIEL L.4WREXrE resigned April 2, 18.57, while living in Cliicago, but was elected captain again June 21, 1858, and served to June 30, 18.59, wlien he was commissioned major, and was succeeded by Captain John Hutchins. The new company has been prosperous from its beginning, and has made an enviable record. Colonel Samuel C. Lawrence, of the Fifth Massachusetts, was one of the first to assemble his "minutemen" in April, 18G1. From shipyard, paint shop, car- penter's bench and store or office, the men of the Light Guard hurried to join tlieir regiment. Company E received its order for active service late in the evening of April 18, and reported in Faneuil Hall the next forenoon with full ranks. It was mustered into the service of the United States, for three months, at Washington, ilay 1, and performed faithful and effi- cient service. In the battle of Bull Run, on July 21, 1861, several men were wounded; the color bearer, William H. Lawrence, was killed, and Colonel Lawrence was wounded. The company's term of service having expired, they returned home to eidist again in August of the next year, as Company C, thirty-ninth regiment, for three years. Their first duties were picketing the shore of the Potomac and acting as pro- vost guard in Washington, but just after the Battle of Gettysburg they were trans- ferred to the Army of the Potomac. They participated in the long battle of the Wilderness, leaving some fif their num- ber on the field at Laurel Hill and otlier battle grounds. The company lost eighteen men killed and wounded during tlic thirty-eight days of constant fighting by day and marching by night. Three men were missing, one of whom is known to have died at Ander- sonville. MKDFOUD, I'AST AJSD rUKHEJUT III August, l«i4, at Welilon Kailro;i(l, tlie comiMiny lost one man killed, ;uiil nineU'en taken prisoners, incUuliug tlio captain. The survivors almost dread tu speak of the fearful sufferings of their imijrisonment. Captain Flutchins, Ser- geant Jolni Henry Eames and Milton F. Knberts are now the only ones living wIid went through that terrible experience. Kedueed in numbers by death, disease, imprisonment and special duty. Company C, in command of Lieutenant McDavitt, of Woburn, wlio was transferred from an- other company, began the march tliat tci- minated at Ajiponuittox. Immediately after the departure •., Lewis, 189.5-90-97-99; J. Frank Ilandjlett, fj,it,,f,,i 1^^^,^,. ,,.,^„^^ ^„,,j ^^^ ^^^^^_ Johnstown and Kansas flood sufferer 1898; William F. Clewell, 1900; J,,hn L. Brockway, 1901-02; Isaac II. Gardner, 190.5. S. C. Lawrence Woman's Relief Corps Hv M. Scs.vx Goodale TH E women of Medford have always been zealous in patriotic work. In 1862, the Union Soldiers' Relief Society was organized. Its members represented all the religious societies in town, with the exception of the Unitarian, which denomination had a society of its own. The object was '"to manufacture, collect and forward hospital supjdies, garments and reading matter to sick and wounded soldiers." In May, 1879, Corps .5 was organized, and among its first members were several lailies who had served faithfully in these soldiers' relief societies. The Medford Corps is a branch of a national order numbering one hundred and lifty thousand women, the largest charitable organization in the world. At its birth, which occurred in Fitchburgin 1879, it numbered but twenty-three mem- THE XOTED PROVIUENCE Sl'RIXG hers; but the cause appealed to the sym- sachusetts work for its basis. The wmk pathy and patriotism of the women of is broad. It cares for many rooms in Sol- Slassachusetts, and its growth was rapid, diers' Homes, furnishes flags for school The first department president was Jlrs. buildings, assists in Memorial Day observ. Sarah E. Fuller, of this city, an earnest, aiices, has sent large sums in relief to I's, crated to tlic wi>rk by her sacrifice during and has full charge of the preservation of the war. Andersonville Prison property. This is in As a pioneer worker. Corps 5 earned a addition to its work of relief, which has record of good service. In 1883, a national amounted to two million six hundred organization was formed, adopting Mas- thou.sand dollars since organization. Miss Clara Barton, of Red Cross fame, who was familiar with the conditions at Anderson- ville, .said: "Men never suffered more and lived; men never died more nobly."' On this historic spot, on which fourteen thousand brave men perished, several states have erected monuments in grate- ful memory of their brave boys' heroism, which nothing has ever surpassed in the World's history. Over the noted Provi- dence Sjjring, which, after an electric storm, burst forth pure and sparkling, bringing renewed life to our men. who had had nothing to drink but the contami- nated water of the creek, the Woman's Relief Corps has erected a bc:iutiful pavilion. The description of the work at large has been given explicitly, because in it Corps 5 has borne its part, participating in two soldiers' carnivals, furnishing and caring for a room at the Soldiers' Home in Chel- sea; in 1890 standing side by side with Post 66 in entertaining Milwaukee Post and families, and always standing ready ELLA PRESCOTT FULLER to assist the Post in relief work. iiiiiiiiniiif^iiiir ;■*>.'' 36 MEDFOUD, PAST AND PRE SENT MEMORIAL TO SARAH BRADLEE FULTUX In Memorial Day observances the Corps has ever rendered aid, this year condiut- ing a most impressive service beside the waters of the river in memory of the sol- dier saihir dead. Since its organization, in 1870, it lias expended in cliarity fmir th(iusanf the tomb in which she lies. The inscription is as follows: — SAKAII ISUADLEE FULTON 1740 1835 A HEROINE OK THE KEVOLUTION ERECTED BY THE SARAH liRADLEE FULTON CHAPTER 1). A. K. 1900 In 1901, plans were discussed for ll;e occupation of the Koyall House, and on Aj)ril 19, the Chapter having j)artially f ui- nished it with gifts and loans of historic value, held a recejition. In April, 1902, during the reign of Miss Wild as regent, a colonial tea and recep- tion was tendered the president-general, Mrs. Charles W. Fairbanks. At the close of the reception the Chapter entertained Mrs. Fairbanks and suite at the home of Mrs. Kidder. In October, 1904, in the old cenu'tery, a boulder, in memory of the forty-one New Hampshire soldiers who fell at Bunker Hill, was dedicated. The regent opened the ceremonies, and Miss Eliza (iill gave a historical address of much interest. President Roberts, of the New Hampshire Sons of the Ki'volution, Hon- orable Alvin Burleigh and other distin- guished guests from New Hampshire were i)resent. Within a few months, largely through the efforts of Miss Helen Wild, a Royall House Association has been formed. Its object is to obtain pos- session of the Royall House, by purchase or otherwise, and to keep it open as a place of historic interest. It already num- bers one hundred and fourteen membersi and is increasing, which pnunises well for its future. The Medford Chapter has been called "the working chapter" by some of its sisters in the organization. As to its deserving the name, we leave the reader to judge as he examines its record of ear- nest endeavor to be worthy the ancestry from which it sprung. 11 lA E. WARKEX Daughters of Veterans By Elizaueth J. Joyce THE National ( )rder of the Daughters of Veterans was organized .June 5, 1885, at Massillon, Ohio, with a charter list of less than fifty mem- bers. The organization is not formed for profit, but to perpetuate the memories of the men who so gallantly defended their country and flag in the dark days of the rebellion and to aid them and their widows and orphans when helpless and in distress, to aid the (irand Army of the Re- public, to comnu'morate the deeds of their CATHERINE T. MiCURDY fallen comrades on the thiitieth of ilay until such time as this duty shall devolve upon their descendants. The eligibility of the Order, which can never be changed, is: — all daughters or granddaughters of soldiers, sailors orma- rnes who served in the Union Army or Navy during the war of 1801-65. The articles of incorporation were se- cured by Hart Post No. 1:U, Department fif Ohio, Grand Army of the Republic, in December, 1885. From the time of organi- zation the growth has been steadily in- creasing. Massachusetts Departnu^nt was formed in 1890 with three tents, — Dorchester, Newton and Worcester. The department work has shown that the interest is keen in the < )rder, and with the present membership of nearly a thous- and members, the prospect is better than at any previous time. The jiresent officers are: department president, Miss Nina A. Littletield, Cambridge; senior vice. Miss Millie C. Leighton, Clinton; junior vice, Miss Anna M. Ayniar, Medford ; chaplain, Mrs. S. Elizabeth Trull, Marlboro; treas- urer, Mrs. Etta S. Paine, Somerville; in- spector. Miss Georgia Staples, Lowell; instituting and installing officer, Mrs. Elizabeth J. Joyce, Medford; secretary, Mrs. Lucy Allen, Worcester. Mrs. Ida E. Warren, of Worcester, is the National President. The local Tent was instituted in March, 1898, with a charter list of thirty-six mem- MEDFOIiD, PA.sr A.\D PliESENT bers. The name nf Sarah E. Fuller, so long associated with the \Vi unan's Relief Corps, was taken by the Tent, anil it has aimed to keep the trend of her work ever before it as an example. The Tent has worked quietly, but surely, and has been steadily fjaining ever since its organization. The relief work done in the pastyears amounts to something over five hundred dollars, while the floral work represents a gener- ous amount spent at the National Encamp- ment, held in lioston in August, 1904. The idea of entertaining the (i. A. R. in some fitting manner was conceived by this Tent, and for that purpose the Royall House was secured for one day, at which time over fifteen hundred visitors availed them- selves of the opportunity of accepting the hospitality of the Tent in that grand old mansion. The various members also did much individually toward making the guests of the week at home in Be iston, serv- iiigi>n various committees and doingtheir wi>rk faithfully. The first president of the Tent, Miss Georgetta Palmer, did much good work in starting the Tent on its way, and each one that followed proved herself faithful to her work. At the various fairs and entertainments held by the department the Tent has been fnremost in contribution and help to swell the funds to be used tor charitable purposes. Miss Catherine T. McCurdy, the present president, became a member as soon as her age admitted, she gaining her eligibility from her maternal grandfather, who performed faithful and meritorious service through, 19u:i, has sixty-three members, and in every way is in a flourish- ing condition. In 190:5, a large lot in Oak Grove Cemetery was placed in charge of this Association for the burial of Spanish-American war veterans, and the graves of such were carefully cared for on Memorial Day. One member of Camp 31, who had thrilling experience in Santiago, holds a medal of honor, conferred by United States Congress. The Camp is preparing to appropriately receive the body of Lieutenant Garrett Barry from the Phillipines, where he was twice promoted for bravery, and where but a few months since he was treacherously killed by a native. Several boys of 1898 are honoring Medford by serving their country in foreign lands with courage and fidelity. MEDFOIU). I'As-f A\l> rUKSEXT I.YDIA JIAKIA CHILD Prominent Women m the Hi^ory of Medford THAT woman's wi>rk has always jilayt'd ail iinpiM'tant part in the WDi'ld's history is not denied, and tlie records of Medford bear'testi- mony toherability and influeiue through- out tlie two hundred and seventy-five years of its existence. The wisest of men said: " Let thine eyes look right on, and let thine eyelids look straight before thee;" but at this mile- stone in our fair city's history, it is both natural and lifting to glance backward to those whose words and deeds have been interwoven with its progress, to dwell with ajipreciative thoughts on their use- fulness, and grasp from them, perchance, the secret of their power. The tirstwoman tobe mentioned in "ye town of Medford" records was Madame Wade, the second wife of Jonathan Wade, who came over from England in 1032, and was among the first purchasers of land from the Cradock heirs. Jladame Wade fell heir to a large estate on the death of her husband, in 1089, a c< irrect proportion being div Ided between Dudley, a son of his first wife, Deborah (Dudley) Wade, and their five daughters, Deborah (Dunster), Prudence (Swan), Katharine (Wyer), Susanna (Willis), and Elizabeth Wade. It is reasonable to presume that this family of girls was j^rominent in the town. The old brick homestead where they lived is still standing in the rear of the Savings Bank on High street. Although they had ample means, their father paying the highest tax in town for several years, they were not brought up in Idleness but in strict discipline, assisted In making the porridge and Indian pud- ding for the family meals, made the cheese, turned the Hax and spinning wheels, and wove the cloth for the family clothes, bed and table linen. On Sunday Madame Wade and her fam- ily occupied the pew in the meeting-house which was assigned by the committee according to the quality of the family, — which In their case was "first quality." Madame Wade married Mr. Xathanlel Thomas, and the town records refer to churchcontrlbutlons by Madame Thomas. Mrs. Lydia Peirce and her daughter, Rebecca, are wt)rthy of note at this time. Their long lives, covering a period of elghty-twoand eighty-one years, respect- ively, represent Itard labor which poverty forced them to perform, but which was honorably and faithfully discharged. The ff>rmer was born in 1085, the daughter of Stephen Francis and Hannah (Hall) Fran- cis. She married Nathaniel Peirce, a licensed Innholder in Medford, and after his death, which occurred in 1719, she applied for a license and kept a tavern for eight successive years. The tavern stood on HIght street, at the foot of "Mann SImonds' Hill."' Her hi>me being located opposite the meeting-house at Meeting-house Brook, it was convenient for her son to serve the town as sexton, and for Mrs. Peirce to be employed to sweep the meeting-house, which she did for fifteen years, i. e., from 17:55 to 1750; also, for ten years after the death of her son, Nathaniel, she called the people to worship by ringing the meeting-house bell. In 1748, the task of sweeping fell upon her daughter, Rebecca, who continued for nineteen years. Thus we find this hard but imi)ortant service to the town per- formed by mother and daughter for more than a quarter of a century. Among the pastors' wives of Medford, in the old days, was Jane (Colman) Turell, the daughter of Benjamin Colman, of Boston, the fifth minister in Medford's parish. She came to Medford at the age of eighteen, the handsome, accomplished, dark-eyed bride of Reverend Ebenezer Turell. The wedding day was August 11, 1720, previous to which a relative living in Medford wrote the following letter, which is of interest and highly prized at the present time by one of f writing jioems and verse, for which she showed an aptitude at an early age. Her short life ended at the age of twenty-seven, when she died in 1820, leav- ing one little son, Samuel, the last of three children. The wife of Reverend David Osgood was Hannah Breed, of BlUerlca, whom he married in 1780. Their daughters, the Misses Mary and Lucy Osgood, were prominent In the affairs of the town, and women of rare breeding and worth. Miss Lucy was born June 17, 1791, and died on the anniversary of her eighty-second birthday (1S7.'5). Many of our present resi- dents remember with feelings of love and great respect her commanding presence and superior mind. She was well versed in several languages, and took up the study of ( Jerman when over seventy years old, becoming a fine German scholar. She was an ardent worker in the church, which was firmly established under Unitarian- ism during her father's ministry. At MEBFOni), PAST AND PRESENT her death the old homestead was left by her will to the Unitarian Society for a parsonage. MARIA (GOWEN) BKOOKS "I next looked over a small trunk of papers. From time to time they have been saved, wlien my imagination was under the influence of a strong but vague liope that I should one day or other be loved and renowned, and live hmger than my natural life in the history of the country of my forefatliers, and in that where I first beheld the light." Such are the lines, penned at Cuba, in the poem, " Idonien, or The Vale of Yumuri," by " JIariaDel Occidente," who first beheld the light of day in Medtord, more than a century ago, in 1741). She was then the pretty baby daughter of William and Ellen (Cutter) Gowen, named Maria. Afterward she received the baptismal name of Mary Abigail Brooks, and some years later adopted the nomde plume of "Maria Del Occidente."' Her father, a goldsmith by x>rofession, died during reduced circumstances wlu-n Maria was only fourteen years of age. Two years later, at the age of sixteen, she be- came the wife of her brother-in-law, John Brooks, a wealthy merchant of Boston, who had done nuich for her education. At the age of nine years she had dis- played a wonderful gift of song and poetry. Eeverses in fortune came, and she was again leftalmost penniless, when a widow at the age of twenty-nine, with her two children, Edgar and Horace. Among her personalities was a love for the pictur- esque and a fondness for dainty white dresses. It is said she always wore either white or gray. Miss Lucy U.sgood, in men- tioning a visit of Mrs. Maria Gowen Brooks to Medford, says : "I have a dim recollection of a lady walking out at odd hours, dressed in white at odd seasons, and of being told thatshe was Mrs. Brooks of the Gowen family, a poetess. She and her family disajipeared, and years after I learned that we had a 'flower'of genius' among us, and in our stujiidity knew it not." The year following her husband's death, she went to Cuba to live with a relative. Southey, who had a strong friendship for this Medford poetess, declared her poem, "Zophiel," to be superior to Sap- pho's famous "Aphrodite." Tributes of admiration were expressed by Charles Lamb ; and John Greenleaf Whittier calls it " a remarkable jioeiu," and tlie imjias- sioned song "a perfect gem." In 1845, the romantic and restless life of Maria ((iowen) ]5rooks was brought to a close, at the age of fifty-one, while at her home in Matanzas, Cuba. She was buried in a beautiful Grecian temple, built to suit her fancy, on the banks of the river Yumuri, which runs through hi'r lauds in Cuba, and is thus described l)y (lustafsim: — "The little temple is bowered in a labyrinth ( if orange trees, cocoas and palms, the mango and rose-ajiple, the ruddy pomegranate and the shady tamarind ; while thecoffee-lields spread away in alternate tesselations of white flowers and scarlet berries." LYDIA MAUIA CHILI) The name of Lydia Maria Child has become a household word in Medford, so well known is her remarkable career. She was born on February 11, 1S02, in the brick house at the corner of Salem and Ashland streets, now occupied by the Jledtord Historical Society. She was the daughter of David and Susannah (Band) Francis. Her father was a baker, and became wealthy through his famous "Medford crackers." Maria was the youngestof liveehildren. She attended the Dame School kept by " Marm Betty," later the Medford Academy, and was con- sidered remarkably proficient in her studies. At the age of twelve, the loss of her nuither was a great misfortune; and a year later, when her older sister, Mary, was married, she would not be reconciled, and exhibited a strong self-will by posi- tively refusing to attend the wedding; but, with her kitten for a companion, took a stroll up the lane during the marriage ceremony. Books beyond her years were daily com- panions, and her fatlier became alarmed at the jiossible ettect on the bright young mind of Maria, and so sent her to the much-loved sister's home at Norridge. wock, on the Kennebec, in Maine. Here her fondness for books did not decrease, but the society of many cultivated peo- ple were a means of heliifulness and inspiration. During this visit she employed a part of the time in making an exquisite infant's gown, finished in fine needlework and beautiful embroidery. It is still preserved and kept, as a relic of her handiwork, at the rooms of the Historical Society. At the age of twenty-three she wrote her first book, "Hobomok," which was receiveil with enthusiasm and established her reputation as a writer. This was fol- 42 lowed by " The Rebels: a Tale of the Revo- lution"; "Flowers for Children", and in ISiiOsheeditedthe "JuvenileMiscellany," which became immensely pojiular. A favorite expression to her sister was: " Nature never intended me for anything but a single life, and I am not going to quarrel with her plans;" but this oft- avowed purpose was overcome by the persuasive powers of the highly accom- l)lished and gifted scholar, David Lee Child, whom she married at Watertown, October 19, 182S. A list of the wedding presents, copied from a letter to her sister, is character- istic of the primitive times: — "A prettybutter-knife and cream-ladle, a study lamp; from Mrs. Thaxter a jar of pickles; Mrs. White sent me a keg of tongues; Jlrs. Tyler Bigelow, a pair of jjlated candlesticks; Emily Marshall, a pair of stellar hinijis; ilary JI., polished steel suutfers on a plated tray. "Jly mantua-maker has been here a week. I have a claret-colored silk jielisse, lined witlistraw-ccdored silk, nuide in the extent of the mode enough to make any- body stare; one black figured levantine silk, and one swiss nuislin. Clarissa Bige- low is to be bridesmaid, and I liave bought thirty-five pounds of cake of Nichols." She speaks of their home as a " proper little martin box," situated on Harvard street, Boston. During the next five years her jiopu- larity as a writer increased; publishers paid good prices for any manuscript from her pen; the "North American Review" declared "that no woman could out-rank her." With the pubiisliing of her famous work, " An Ajipeal in lielialf of That Class of Americans Called Africans," popular sentiment ran high against her, and, like a tidal wave, suddenly swept honors and patronage from her; but it only infused her with a more patriotic sjiirit of right and justice. Moving to a farm in Connecticut, Jlr. Child conceived several schemes to earn money, all of which proved failures, not being adajjted to that line of work, and much of the earnings of Mrs. Child were used in the experiments. Feeling the necessity of assisting the finances of the family, Mrs. Child accepted a proposition in New York to eilit tlie "Anti-Slavery Standard." The following year she joined her hus- band at West NewU>n, and a little later made a home with the aged father, David Francis, at Wayland. Here Mr. and Mrs. Child spent twenty- MEDFOni), rAsT AXD 1'HEsENT two years, mutually happy in the quiet her hiinor, soon after her death in Xoveni- of their home, enjoying literary works of ber, 1835. She was buried in the old the bestauthors, and looking always for Salem-streeteemetery. Five years ago, the the cheerful side of life. Chapter of the Daughters of the Ameri- She often spenta winter in Medford, at can Revolution, who had taken the nan\e the home of the Misses Osgood, and was of Sarah Hradlee Fulton, erected a tablet here in 1850 and 1800, during the exciting to her memory, dedicating it with appro- times preceding the Civil war. priate exercises. The tablet was enhanced Mrs. Child was instrumental in arrang- in interest and value because of the fact iiig for the first anti-slavery meeting to be held in the town hall in Medford. Iler death came suddenly in 18S0. Wen- dell Phillips officiated at her funeral. Like a benediction, during the lastearthlyserv- ice for Lydia Maria Child, in the small g, burying-ground at Wayland, the sky was spanned by a gorgeous rainbow. SARAH BRADLEE KULTON The daring deeds, inspired by a love of liberty and justice, of Sarah Bradlee Fulton liave been rehearsed with interest around the hearth-stone of many Medford families. Born in Dorchester, in 1740, her girl- hood and early womanliood were spent (luring the stirring times whicli led to the Revolutionary war. In 1TG2, she married John Fulton. Mrs. Fulton was a frequent visitor at the home of her brother, Nathaniel Bradlee, of Boston, and was a prominent figure at his house on the evening of the famous "Tea Party " in Boston Ilai-bor, assisting in disguising her brother and other patriots in their Indian garb. In 1772, Mr. and Mrs. Fulton andfamily came to Medford where Sarah Bradlee Fulton spent the remaining sixty-three years of her life. Her first home was located on Main street, a short distance from Cradock Bridge, and the latch string was always out to her numerous friends, (ienerals Washington and Lafayette were her guests and her home became head- quarters for General Stark's New Hamp- shire regiment. Many wounded were brought from the battle of Bunker Hill to the field hos- that for more than fifty years it served as a door-step to Jlrs. Fulton's house. MARY ELIZABETH (pBESTON) STEARNS The subject of this sketch was born in Norridgewock, Maine, January 21, 1S21, married George Luther Stearns, and SARAH E. FULLER coming to Medford, made a residence on the avenue which bears the name of l>ital which was established near South Stearns. Mrs. Stearns was intensely inter- street; and here Mrs. Fulton made herself ested with her husband in the cause of useful in nursing and caring for the artlicted ones. Her courage was tested by the oft re- peated story of her walk from Medford to within the enemy's lines in Boston to deliver despatches for General Washing- ton. At the close of the war the home was the African race, bwn, was kept sacred in her household; and at her death, November 28, 1!)01, by her request, she was buried on December 2. HARRIET WINSI.OW HALI. The name of Harriet W. Hall, who passed away just two months ago, is most deservedly worthy of more than a brief mention at this time. She was one of Jledford's very own daughters by birth and a life long residence of seventy-six years ; she was the daughter of John King, a prominent family in the town's history. Mrs. Hall was interested in every good work, and her whole life is a splendid rec(U-d of useful activity. The bells which sweetly ring from the spire of the Epis- copal Church were a gift froiii lier hand, and in many ways she liberally aided in advancing the cause of her church and Iler home city. SARAH E. FULIjEE Patriotism has ever been linked with tlie name of Sarah E. Fuller, because of ;i life work devoted to the cause of her I "untry and its emblem. Born in Portland, Maine, August 1, 183S, llie daugliter of Samuel Mills, a staunch :ilMilitionist, coupledwith strong religious -.(■ntiments, it is not strange that "God :iiid Country " should have precedence in I he thoughts and deeds of his daughter. ( omlng to East Boston in early life, she later married George W. Fuller, of Can- t•?«, and her interest did notecase in the By virtue of the services of Captain times of peace. When S. C. Lawrence John Vinton, of Braintree, in the Revo- Relief Corps, No. ."), W. R. C, was organ- lutionary war, she is a member of the "'-*"'l> she was among the first to lend a Sarah Bradlee Fulton Chapter, D. A. of :\redford. R., liand, and became a charter member; later she was elected its second president, serving two years. For twenty-three years she has been a member of the Ladies' Aid Association of the Soldiers' Home, Chelsea. Through- out her busy outside life, the home has always held the first place, where she has been the adviser and inspiration of three daughters and one son. MAUT E. S.^.RGF.XT Miss Mary E. Sargent was appointed librarian of the Medford Public Library in 18111, and the broad and liberal policy which she at once adopted placed the Jledford library in the front ranks of Mas- sachusetts libraries. Slie was joint author with her sister of the book entitled '■ Reading for the Young," issued in 1890. This was the first published annotated list of books for the young, and was extensively used in other libraries and in schools. Free access to the library shelves, the use of bulletins, and the posting of newspaper clippings on current events or on subjects of special interest; the intro- duction of educational games and puzzles, dissected maps, and of the " story hour " in the children's room; the loaning of books to the public schools of Meclford, nr i. t 1 r. .. 1 thus making each school a branch librarv Mount Auburn Cemetery, and a man verv ^i , ■^.■J^ . , "'" """"^"^'^''^'y. , ,„ .•.,. .„,] :.. ._.._,. , the e.\lnbition of photographs from the Library Art Club, of which she is secre- tary, —these are only a few of the im- ELLEN M. GILL From the Vintons Mrs. Gill inherited her love of flowers and fondness for hor- ticulture. Benjamin Vinton French, a relative, was a member of and vice-presi- dent of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society; also one of the founders of largely interested in agriculture and horticulture. It was not strange that this flower enthusiast shoidd become a member of the Horticultural Society, and has con- tinued her active interest since 186.5. Mr. and Mrs. Gill came to Medford in June, 1834, and her present home has been occupied since 1860. Much credit is due to the ambition and business ability of Mrs. Gill for the improvements and well-kept apjiearance of her greenhouses provements and advantages which Jliss Sargent has made a part of the library equipment. Imitation is said to be the most delicate flattery, and Miss Sargent may well feel herself flattered and honored by the many neighboring libraries that have borrowed her methods and copied her ideas. The Library School of Albany, Xew York ; the and grounds. She has proved that the I'l'^tt Institute, of Brooklyn, Xew York, profession of florist is an honorable, sue- ^"^1 Simmons College, of Boston, have cessful and attractive one for women to elected this library as one to visit for engage in. At the present time, although inspiration and methods. 44 MEDFORD, PAST AND PEESEXT But the si)irit that underlies the tei liiii- cal working (if the library is, after all, the chief charm to its patrons. Everyone^ is made to feel that his quest, whatever it may be, is of primary importance; that all available information will be put at " his disposal, and that however laborious the search for material, it will be faitli- fully and cheerfully made for him. And this spirit of disinterested helpfulness which pervades all branches of (lie library work finds its inspiration in the clear insight, the keen perception, the sympa- thetic personality of the head librarian. Miss Sargent. S AHA II WAKNER BROOKS One of the most remarkable women living among us to-day is the autlioress Sarah Warner Brooks, alnuist eiglity-four years of age. In the seclusion of her lilac-em- bowered home on High street, she is literally a shut-in because of physical weakness, but in mind and heart she has the buoyancy of youth, U'mpered and softened by "sad lessons with the years." Through the medium of tlic jien her active brain is still giving out to the world rich and helpful thoughts in poem and story. Her latest book is entitled "A (Jarden wilh House Attached," and is of local interest as it is the story of " Tlie Lilacs," — the garden and home of the Brooks family in Jledfonl. It is a history of the foriuer occupants of the Brooks' JIansion and its motto is taken from Longfellow's " Haunted Houses." Mrs. Brooks was born at Sag Harbor, in 1821, and bad the misfortune to lose both mother and father at an early age. In 1840 she married Isaac Austin Brooks, of Medford, the son of Isaac Brooks, wlio died at Liverpool where he had been apjioiiited American consul. Much t)f her married life was spent in Cambridge, and on the death of her husband, twelve years ago, she made her residence at the Brooks Mansion. Among her six children only one remains, Edward C. Brooks, who with his family resides at the home of his mother. ANNIE HINKS RYDER Annie Ilinks Ryder is another of Med- ford's prominent women. She was born in Provincetown, Massachusetts. On the paternal side she sprang from the sturdy race of Cape Cod seamen, while on tlic maternal side she descended from a long line of Mayflower Pilgrims. Her earliest years were spent in her native town and in Cambridge, but when still a child she removed with her parents and brothers to Medford, Here she attended the public schools, graduating from tlie High School in 1871. Her life work as a teacher began in the Maiden High School, where for six years she gave her strength to the education of boys and girls. Feeling an esiiecial inter- est in the training of girls, she left the Jlaldcn school to devote herself to the instruction of girls in private schools and classes. This wiM'k for girls she has fol- lowed for many years, and at present has a day school for girls in this city. •V^JP SARAH -WARNER BROOKS, AT "THE LILACS," WEST MEDFORD To Medford schools and teachers she has always felt a deep obligation, reckoning them among the highest aids to any meas- ure of success she has attained. After graduation in this city, she pursued her studies at Maplewood Seminary, Pitts- field, and later with private instructors in lioston. Perhaps the work by wliich Miss Kyder is best known away from her home city, is lu-r contributions to the literature of girlhood. It is a pleasure to find that her books, "Hold Up Your Heads, Girls," " Go Right On, Girls," and " Xew Every Morning," have had a wide circulation. MEDFORI), PAST AND PRESENT HETTY FULTON WAIT Medford has one teacher whose work extends over a continuous period of fifty-three years. Miss Hetty Fulton Wait was born itt Medford, January 28, 1835, entered the public schools in 1844, and graduated from the High School when Charles Cummings was then principal, in 18.')1. On June 1, 1852, she began teaching in the Cross Street Alphabet School. On the completion of the Everett schoolhouse, in 1S52, she was transferred to the Old Park Street building, which The changes in buildings have been the least of the many changes in our schools since her connection with them began. In 1852, Medford had a small schoolhouse at West Medford, one at Symmes Corner, the High and Centre Grammar schools on High street, the East Oranimar on Park street, the East Alphabet on Cross street, and the South Alphabet on Back, now Union street. Her first school had one hundred and ten scholars, two of them about four years and a half old. It had three classes, HETTY FULTON WAIT was destroyed by lire in March, 1S55. This was rejilaced by the Swan School, dedicated on Christmas Day, 1855, where she continued her work till, in 1808, she was transferred to the James School, then on Ship street. When, in 1884, the James building was moved to its present location on Spring street, she went thither and still teaches there. The James build- ing was partly destroyed by fire in 1885, so two schoolhouses have been burned over her head. the A 15 C, the second class, just begin- ning to read, the third class, reading a little. Writing was not a part of the reg- ular course until children got out of the Alphabet into the Primary school, now called Intermediate; but, as a matter of fact, Miss Wait often began the instruc- tion of her pupils in writing in her Aljihabet school. She used liurnstead's Primer and the North American Arithnu'tic. Her salary was one hundred and eighty dollars. In 1800, writing was made part of the course in the Intermediate, not Primary, schools, for the first and seci>nd classes. It is now taught in the first grade of the Primary schools. Music was introduced as a study, in 1871, in the Primary and Intermediate schools, and Miss Wait's pupils were among the first to show what good work the little ones could do. Drawing was added in 187o, the teach- ers of the town, with the first class in the High School being taught by Mr. B. W. Putnam. The School Connnittee when she began were Messrs. Timothy Cutting, Hosea Ballon, junior; Robert Ells, and Sanford B. Perry. Miss Wait is a member of the Unitar- ian Church, the Teachers' Club, the Medford Historical Society, the Royall House Association, and the Sarah Brad- lee Fulton Chapter of the D. A. R. (named in hiuior of her great-grand- mother). A reception was given in her honor on June 1, 1002, on the completion of her fiftieth year as a teacher in Medford. M. SUSAN GOODALE Mrs. M. Susan Goodale is well known in Medford for her good deeds as well as from a long residence. Her interest in the cause of the soldiers of the Civil war dates back to her school days when she received lessons of loyalty from a patri- otic father, Joseph L. Goldthwait, who aided the cause financially and organized a society for the care of the families of soldiers. So interested was his daughter in the work, that out of school ln>urs she so- licited funds and gave a Thanksgiving dinner to soldiers' families in her neigh- borhood. Iler father passing from this life soon after victory was won, she has honored his memory by a continued in- terest in the cause he loved. In early womanhood she was married to Oeorge L. Goodale, who served in the forty-third Massachusetts reginu'nt and who has since been the department com- mander of the G. A. R. and inspector- general on the staff of the commander- in-chief. He is now a cai)tain in the regular army and is stationed at Astoria, Oregon. It was but natural that when S. 0. Lawrence Relief Corps, No. 5, W. R. C, was organized in Medford, in 1870, that Mrs. Goodale should be a charter mem- ber. She was the first senior vice-presi- dent, was elected president in l!^81 and MKDFdlH), I'ASr AM) I'UKSEyT re-eloctpil tliree years in suroessinn. Fnim the year ISSl her ability was recdgiiized by her appointment upon many impor- tant committees; and in 1883 she was elected department senior vice-president, and a year laterdepartment president, to whieh office she was unanimonsly re- elected in 1885. Iler interest in the work has never flagged and especially in that of the relief of needy veterans and their families. For several years she has served as chairiiiaii of the department relief committee, and there she has shown exceptional judg- ment and ability. Mrs. Goodale iidierits much of lier patriotic spirit from Kevohitionary an- cestors. She was the first regent of the Sarah Hradlce Fulton Chapter of the I). A. K., of Medford, and has been actively inter- ested in the jireservation of the Royall House, which is so picturesque and of so much historic interest to the city. She was formerly an active member of the Medford Woman's Club, but has re- cently turned her attention more to the societies which are doing philanthropic work. She is a director of the Home for Aged Men and Women, Medford, and has worked faithfully in the Ladies' Aid Society of the Soldiers' Home, Chelsea. ZIPPOBAH SAWYKR Anumg the women identified with the histiu-y of Jledtord for many years, is Miss Zipporah Sawyer, who has always been actively interested along educational lines. Her long, continued service as a teaclur in the Everett School, from July 0, 18.")T, to March, 1S75, proves her successful career; her position was that of first assistant, lier brother Kufus Sawyer be- ing principal for thirty-four years. On her resignation, in 187."j, she was immediately honored by election as a member of the school board which place she occupied niost acceptably for eighteen years. Interested in the commendable objects of the Medford Historical society she is one of its life members, also an honorary member of the Teachers' (Juild and has a niendjership in the Unitarian Cliureli. Miss Sawyer was born in IJolton, the daughterof Dr. Levi and Hannah(Xourse) Sawyer, and can trace her ancestry back to Revolutionary heroes. She has many pleasant memories of her life work as a teacher and it is a great pleasure to her to meet so many of her old pupils who are now filling im- jiortant positions in the affairs of the city. Tier brother, Rufus Sawyer, was long identified with Medford's educational in- terests and was principal of the Everett Scliool many years. ALICE C. AYKES Miss Alice C. Ayres is the daughter of John and PUizabeth Ayres who came to Jli'dford in 18l)(;. Mr. Ayres at once be- came interested in the town and its wel- fare and was one of the original directors of the Savings Bank; also he was among the first to organize the movement tliat resulted in buying the land and making our Oak Grove Cemetery. The family lived here fifteen years and then moved to Roxbury and Hoston re- turning to Medford after an interim of a few years. In September, 180G, Miss Alice Ayres and her sister started the Medford Shakes- peare Club which still exists. At first it consisted of aboutone dozen young ladies who met once a week and cast tlie plays of Shakespeare aniimg its members; the parts were always carefully prepared and well read. Soon after it was organized, a number of tlieir married friends were added. The club has continued its work uninterrupt- edly to the present time. It is said to be the oldest organization of its kincare have been carefully studied, the best literature on the subject thoroughly considered, and many of the classic plays of Greece and Rome have been read. There have been three presidents of this club:Miss Alice C. Ayres, Mrs. C. \. liemis and Mrs. R. P. Hallowell whonow hcdds that office. Miss Ayres was one of the managers of the Massachusetts Infant Asylum that was established in West Medford about thirty years ago, located on Allston street. It was given up on account of a change in the State arrangement for the jioor. Babies and nurses were received at this IIi>nie, and many were boarded in Med- ford families. Mrs. Sise, Miss Helen Porter, Mrs. Randall, Miss Fannie Bemis, Mr. and Mrs. N. P. Hallowell and many others assisted in this way in caring for many hundreds of the poor children of the state. Miss Ayres is a lirm l>eliever in , however, it was voted that the master instructgirls two hours a day after the boys were dismissed; and, in 17P0, they were allowed four hours during three months in the summer. MEDFORD, PAST AXD PliESENT Greenleaf, Betsey Stimpson, Susan Hall, Elizabeth M. }5radbury, Xancy Fultipu. These most worthy teachers of the olden days must have proved their proficiency in the art of teaching, demonstrating it so plainly for a quarter of a century that in March 3, 1817, itwas decided that women were comiietent to teach the public school. Mrs. Abijah Kendall was the first woman employed who taught the girls in the same school where her husband took charge of the boys. Two years later, 1810, public primary schools were established and designated in the earlyrecords as "Women's schnols" because women were largely employed to SUSAXSA ROWSON As the tr>wn grew and cliildren became more numerous, it was voted, in 1704, to pay the schoolmistres.ses for instructing those children who were excluded from the public school, not being seven years of age,and whose parents were not able to l)ay the expense of the private school. Miss Eliza Francis was the first to avail herself of this opportunity, and was fol- loweil by others in the following order as they appear on the books of the selectmen : Sally Tufts, Prudence Foster, Mrs. Ben- jamin Pratt, Rebecca Blanchard, Susanna Usher, Abigail Simonds, Lucy Shedd, HannahGreenleaf,BethiahIIatch, Harriet teach them. Among the early ones we find Sally and Harriet Richardson teaching in a room fitted out for the purpose at their home, at the corner of High street and Hastings lane. They received two dollars a week for .six summer months. Miss Eliza Gray taught the primary school and allthe girls in the brick schf)i>l- house; Miss Eliza B. Wait, the east<'rn school, at the house of Rhoda Turner, located on Riverside avenue. SISASNA KOWSON' While changes were going on in the town's system of schools, Medford was receiving a reputation for excellent pri- vate schools; and in 1800, Miss Susanna Rowson, of London birth (but who came to Boston with her father at the age of four years), was attracted to Medford, and ojiened a boarding school for girls in the fine mansion known as the Bigelow Place. It was located on the grounds where the Episcopal Churchnow stands and became one of the most popular in the country, pupils coming from other states and from the British provinces. Miss Rowson had received a thorough education and had made herself famous as an actress, writer and teacher. At the age of twenty-eight she published "Charlotte Temple, or A tale of Truth," which took the world by storm. At that time she was pronounced the ablest fe- male writer of the day. She published a dictionary, a geography and other elemen- tary books for the benefit of her pupils. Miss Peggy Swan, of Medford, assisted Miss Rowson in the school as a teacher in penmanship. The school sustained its well deserved popularity throughout the three years of its existence. After twenty-five years of faithful teaching Miss Rowson retired. She died in 1824 at the age of sixty-three. Miss Hannah Swan taught a private school in the Jonathan Watson house on High street; and afterward, with Miss Ann Rose, opened a boarding school in the GarrisonHouse, which was very successful and filled by young ladies representing the best families of the state. Miss Eliza Bradbury also made a private school on Southstreet famousby her untiring efforts as a teacher. It is sometimes referred to as an academy. ANNA (DAVIs) HALLOWEI.L The name of Hallowell has been well known in Medford since the days of anti- slavery, and the subject of this sketch brought within our borders a portion of the sjiirit of her grandmother, Lucretia Mott of Philadelphia, well known the country over for lier pronounced position as an abolitionist. She was the daughter of Edward M. and Maria (Mott) Davis, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She married Richard Price Hallowell, a merchant in Boston, and removed to Medford in 1850, to theirpresent residence on High street. She was actively interested in anti" slavery, woman suffrage and the cause of the colored people; she is still working along these lines, and in connection with her husband is interested in the Cal- houn colored school of Alabama; also the Colored Woman's Home in Boston. She is a member of the Medford Women's 48 MKDFOHI), I'AST A XI) rHJ-JSKXT Club, tlie New ?:iit;laiiil Chili, and lias in all iihilaiithrnjiic work, and was a char- ceased, whose iiiteivst in deaf ehildreii held office in the Free Religiiius Assoeia- ter member of the Medford Woman's led her to found the Sarah Fuller Home tion of Boston. Club, working always in its interest. She for youngdeaf mutes, which is sodelight- ( )f Quaker jiarentage, the simplieity of was also active in the Unitarian Churcli. fully located in West Medford; Miss Eliza Quakerism runs through her home life. At her death she left a sum of money L. Clarke, who has served as matron and She is the mother of two sons and two for the benefit of the poor and aged of luincipal of the Sarah Fuller Home since daughters. Mrs. May (Hallowell) Loud, Medford. thi; first day of its existence on June 1"), the oldest daughter, is an artist of note I" quick succession tlie mind recalls 188S, each liave proved her efficiency and and well known as a portrait painter, the names of those in the Lawrence fami- success. Mrs. Lucretia Mott Churchill is the wife lies, whose liberal assistance in every Among the writers who have contrib- ofa physician in Chicago. Mrs. Hallowell g"'>A cause can always be relied upon, uted literary works to the library and are is a writer of note of present day litera- Miss Mary Porter, who, like her higlily- elassed as Jledford authors, not already ture, and has contributed quite a number esteemed cousin, Miss Helen Porter, has referred to, are: — Josephine L. Richard of works which have been received with always been identified with philanthropic botanist, who has written on "Wild great favor. work, and is at present one of the man- Flowers and Ferns"; Maud K. Welling- Miss HKLFN POKTFK ^^''"''' "" tl^" ^"^rd for the Home for Aged ton, "Rhymes," in 1003; Mrs. Benjamin ' ' Men and Women; Miss Ellen M.Barr, a r. Hayes, sonnets; Mrs. F. L Paradise The memory of Mis.s Helen Porter and well-known and successful teacher, now ,„nnets; Miss Emily Hallowell, daughter her kindly w.irds and deeds can m.t easily deceased; Miss Harriet Brown, Miss Ella „f Mrs. Edward N. Hallowell has col- be erased. She was born in Medford at t^ Buibank the l\ri>;ses: Athertnn i\ri%: i ^ i ' ' / .t i ' , . i^. jiuioank, tne Misses Atneiton, xMis. lected many negro ballads and is a thehomeof her parents George W. and t. P. Smith, Miss Katherine H. Stone, compiler of " Calhoun Plantation Songs." nelen(Hall) Porter, on South street Her Miss Louise F. Hunt, all educators of „ .p^ee would permit, sketches of a life seemed overflowing with loving kind- t,,e pastand present, and dozens of others i„„g list of prominent women might be ness and generous impulse, which m a who have been interested in the literary, ^dded, for it can be truly said that quiet way carried cheer and comfort to domestic, social and scientific lines of >r,.dford can claim many homes. Miss Porter was interested club life; Mrs. Louise Brooks, now de- •• Honorable women ... not a few." ^^ ^ ^ r -^ ^ T^ Tir ^ o o Fold-out Placeholder This fold-out is being digitized, and will be inserted at a future date. ^^ ^ 0/^ Y- ^ CO ^ ^ v> O ^ ^ Tir ^ ^ Fold-out Placeholder This fold-out is being digitized, and will be inserted at a future date. Tufts College GoMPiLKi) BY Samuel Elder AIIISTolIY of MiMlfi.nl w,,ul(l to- day 111' iiui>iiiiilete without an ac- count of Tufts College and its history since the inception of the uiovcment, in 1847, resulting in its foun- dation by the Reverend Thomas J. Saw- yer, of Xcw York, the Kevercnd Ilosea liallou, 2d, of Medford, and the lleverend Thonuis Whitteniore, of Candjridgeport. Our people feel a sort of proprietary in- terest in the institution; anil they have watched witli pride th(^ constant growth aiul hioadciiing of its scope of work, since in tlie year 1S.")7, when its gradua^ tiiig class nundiered but three, to the ju-esent tinu', when the idass of liXl.') num- bi'rs one hundred and seventy-live; and they recognize and apjireciate the won- derful changes during tliese years which liave taken place on and around College Hill, through the addition of college buildings and residem^es for college offi- cials, and licautifying of the surrounding gi2, by the General Court of Massachusetts. The movement resulting in the found- ing of the College was set on foot in 1S47, through the efforts of the above-named gentlemen. After much consideration, the work of raising a fund of one hundred thousand rivileges, honors, or degrees of said col- lege, on account of the religious opinions he may entertain."' This provision lias always been inter- preted by the Trustees and Faculty in its broadest sense. The non-sectarian char- acter of the work of the College is amply shown by the membership of its Faculty and student body. The truth, and not the maintenance of any religious or political doctrine, has been the aim of its rescardi ,and of its instruction. The first Faculty meeting was held October 0, 1854, when there were in College students forming the Sophomore and the Freshman class. The only building at that time was the main College building, now known as Ballon Hall. The next building to be erected was a small, brick dormitory, now the Library building. The large dormi- tory known as East Hall was the next aildition to the group, and, in 1872, ^Yest Hall was opened to students. It was ten years before building operations were re- newed by the College. The original Faculty numbered five. The first class, of three members, was graduated in IS'n. MIXER AND PAIGE At the outset, provision was made for a course of study leading to the degree of Bachelor of Arts. The only feature of its work peculiar to Tufts College in these years of its beginning was the attention given to the study of history. Tlie first president of the College, the Reverend Hosea Ballou, 2d, D.D., was likewise Pro- fessor of History and of Intellectual Philosophy, and gave instruction in his- tory remarkable alike for its quantity and quality, at a time when the study was liardly recognized in American colleges. The Reverend Hosea Ballou, 2d, was born in Guilford, Vermont, October 13, IT'.iO. He was the son of Asahel Ballou, and the grand-nephew of Hosea Ballou, who was at that time just coming intu prominence as a jireacher. The boyhood of young Hosea was spent in the adjacent town of Halifax, his family having re- moved tliere a few years after his birth. As a lad he displayed a taste for books, and hopes were entertained that he might be able to obtain a college education. While scarcely more than a boy, his mind became oi'cupied with questions of re- ligion, and he turned then towards Uni- versalism. Possessing a great gift of eloquence, it was not unnatural that he sliould adopt the minstry as his profes- sion. Accordingly, he studied theology, anil in a short time was prepared for his work. In June, 1838, Mr. Ballou became set- tled over a parish in Medford, where he continued preaching until called to spend his best endeavors and accomplish their WEST 3IEDF0RI), PAST AND PRESENT richest results within the building upon tlie summit of College Hill, to which an aft'ectionate remembrance has since given his name. Dr. ]3allou was one of the prime movers in the founding of Tufts College. When Dr.Sawyer declined the presidency, it was offered, in 1853, to him; but it was with great hesitation that he accepted the po- sition, lie doubted his fitness for the place and feared his lack of college train- ing W(juld be an impedinuMit to his use- fulness; but he could not fail to see that after the refusal of Dr. Sawyer he was the industry. Many of liis contemporaries may have excelled him inbrilliancy of scholar- ship, probal)ly£ew in solid attainmentand soundness of learning. Dr. Ballou was .succeeded in presidency by the Reverend Alonzo Ames Miner, D.D., LL.D., who was inauguratedin 1802, and continuevidence, Rhode Island, where he remained until his resig- nation, in 1875, to accept the presidency of Tufts. President Capen's administration was one of marked growth for the College. lie was a man of progressive ideas and great common sense in applying them. He was thoroughly in touch with the student in- terests. President Capen died March 22, 1905, honored as a public man, a successful ed- ucator, and essentially a gentleman in the widest sense of the word. His funeral was attended by the Governor of the Com- monwealth and other dignitaries, and ofti- cial notice of his decease taken by the City Government of Medford. The College buildings are seventeen in number. Ballon Hall contains recitation- rooms, the room of the President and Faculty, and the offices of the Dean, the Registrar, and the Bursar. It contains also the college bookstore. Other buildings are Barnum Museum; Goddard Chapel; God- IIOSEA BALLOU, 2D. dard Gymnasium; the Library; the Chem- ical Building; three dormitories, — East Hall, West Hall, and Dean Hall, for men; the Commons Building, containing the Commons dining-hall, the post-office, and rooms for students; Metcalf Hall and the Start House, for women students. The Bromfield-Pearson School building is available for technical courses of the Col- lege. Two buildings. Miner Halland Paige Hall, are devoted to the use of the Divin- ity .School. A new building, the Robinson Hall, provides for work in certain of the jjhysical sciences. A power-hfiuse has been added, supi)lying light, heat, and power to the engineering buildings. The Barnum Museum of Natural His- tory was built in 1883-84 by the late Phineas T. Barnum, who gave the College a fund for its maintenance and for the ad- dition of two wings to the central build- ing. One of these wings has been erected. In addition to laboratory rooms, it affords space for the display of mineralogical and geological collections. The College is also indebted to Mr. Barnum for the larger portion of its zoo- logical collection. This serves to illustrate all groups of the animal kingdom, and is especially rich in skeletons and mounted skins of mammals, the whole being well adapted for the purposes of instruction. The botanical collection consists of an herbarium cimtaining a representatif)n of the flora of New England, besides many specimens from Europe and the southern and western states. The geological collec- tion contains representatives of the va- MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESENT ridus types of rocks, as well as of fossils from all formations. The mineralooical collection embraces fine examples of most of the species. The laboratories ami Icitiue-rooms of the department of (Jeology are inthe main Museum bnililing. The geolojj'cal labo- ratory is provided with petrologieal mi- croscopes, instruments for making rock sections, ami other instruments. The min- eralogical laboratory jiossesses the appa- ratus necessary for the determination of minerals, the analysis of ores, and e.ssay work. The biological laboratories are in the newly-erected wing. The laboratory for elementary work is furnished with all necessary facilities, while the laborato- ries (two in number) for advanced and research work have all tlie ai)iiliances needed for investigation on the lines of anatomy, histology, and embryology. Goddard Gymnasium, the gift of Mrs. Mary T. Goddard, is well fitted for class and individual work, and is ])rovid('d with all the apparatus found in a well-equipped gymnasium. The building of the department of Chemistry contains laboratories for gen- eral inorganic, organic, analytical, and metallurgical chemistry, a large lecture- room, library and weighing-room, and the private laboratories of the professors in charge. Rooms are provided with all the modern laboratory conveniences, and are well supplied with apparatus and chemicals. Robinson Hall is a memorial to the late Charles Robinson, and is designed for the use of the department of Engineering. It contains the physical and electrical labo- ratories, and drafting rooms for the de_ partment of Civil Engineering. In addition to recitation rooms and olHces of the in- structors, there is a large lecture hall and a library. The Bromfield-Pearson Building com- prises the drafting and recitation rooms, offices, and shops for conducting the spe- cial courses of the school. It is used also for the department of drawing and for the shop-work in the College. The drafting- rooms are three in number, separated from the noise and vibration of the shops. Each student is provided with a separate bench, forge, lathe and tools. A twenty-five horse- power engine furnishes the motive power for the shops, and also serves for experi- mental work in the study of the steam engine. A one-hundred-and-tifty-light dy- REVERENl) Dlt. A. A. MINER namo, designed and built at the College, provides the drafting-rooms and shops with electric lights. The halls for the accommodation of students in the College of Letters are six in number. East, West, and Dean Halls, and the Commons building, for men, are arranged with convenient rooms in suites, are warmed by steam, lighted by gas, and have good modern plumbing. These halls provide rooms for two hundred and fifty men. Metcalf Hall, with accommodations for twenty-four women students, is a gift to the College by Albert Metcalf, of New- t( in. Every safeguard of health is provided. The Start House furnishes another home for women, witli a matron and rooms for tliirteen students. (ioddard Clia pel, erected in 1882-S:i, is the gift of Mrs. Mary T. Goddard, as a memorial of her liusljand.the late Thomas A. Goddard. Morning prayers are held daily, at which attendance is required. The care of the pulpit on Sunday devolves upon the President of the College; but variety and interest are given the preach- ing service by frequent exchange with neighboring clergymen. A trained choir, composed of men and women students, sings on Sunday. Attendance ui^m Sun- day service is required; but permission is freely given to those who desire to at- tend elsewhere. The college year begins on the third Thursday in September, and ends at Com- mencement, the third Wednesday in June. The charge for instruction in all de- partments in the College of Letters except the department of Engineering, is one hundred dollars a year, or four hundred 66 MEDFOnl). PAST AXI) PIt?:SENT ^.\ (iODDAKD ClIAl'EL METCALF MEDFORD, PAST AXD PRESENT W BARXUM MUSEUM dollars fm' the full Cdurse k'ailiujj to any ilegive other than in enfjineerin};, whether the course be completetl in three, four or more years. The charge for instruction in the Department of Engineering is one hundred and twenty dollars a year. Owing to the rapid growth of the Med- ical and Dental departments of the Col- lege, it was found necessary to provide increased laboratory facilities. Accord- ingly, in 1000, the trustees voted to provide a new building, and land was purchased ill Boston, on the corners of Iluntington and Rogers avenues and Conrtland anr of the Roxbury Universalist Church in 189.5, and is still its pastor. He received the degree of A. M. from Tufts, in 1880, after a post graduate course, and was granted an honorary de- gree of S. T. D. in 1880. He has been a trustee of Tufts College since 189."), and for the greater part of the time chairman of the executive committee. Dr. Hamilton is the author of a book, "The Church and Secular Life,"' and several essays. He is a member of several ROBINSON MEDVOUl). PAST A XI) PnESENT REVEREND DOCTOR HAMILTON MEVFOIU), PAST Ayv VUESEyT clubs and organizations, antl chaplain of Washington Lodge A. F. and A. M., in Roxbury. WILMAM ROI^MN SIIIPMAN William Uollin Shijinian, Dean of the Faculty of Ai'ts and Sciences, was born in Evansville, Vermont, May 4, 1830, and was graduated from Middlebury College in 1859. From the age of sixteen to the end of his college course he taught school one term or more in every year. He was jirincipal of an academy nt South Wood- stock, Vermont, lS59-180^3, resigning the position to secure means for establishing a modern academy. From this work he was called, in the summer of 18(34, to the professorship of rhetoric, logic and Eng- lish literature in Tufts College, and en- tered upon its duties the first of October following. The work he had begun in Vermont resulted in the building of (iod- dard Seminary at Barre, Vermont, a school in close relations with the college since its opening, early in 1870. For the last thirty years Dean Shipman has been president of the trustees of this seminary and a member of its executive committee, devoting a great deal of time to its inter- ests. He was ordained to the ministry in 1805, and for twenty-five years preacheil most of the Sundays, although never in full pastoral relations. Ilis work in tlie College was almost exclusively teaching for thirty-five years. In 1809, he was granted a year's leave of absence, which he spent in travel, chiefly in Europe. ( in his return he was appointed dean and relieved from a large part of his teaching. lie received the degree of A. M. from Middlebury, in 1802; of D. D. from St. Lawrence, in 1882; of LL.D. from Tufts in 1899, and from Middlebury in 190U. PROFESSOR AMOS K. DOLBEAK Professor Amos E. Dolbear was born at Norwich, Connecticut, Xovember 10, 1837.11 is parents died while he was young, and he received a few years of schooling at Newport, Rhode Island. He has been a farm hand in New Hampshire and Missouri, a workman in shipyards and jirinting olticcs, .a pistol maker, a pioneer .school teacher in Ilarville, Wisconsin, in the Ozark mountains, where he was twice mobbed by riotous inhabitants. He has walked from Missouri to the east, supporting himself by work and by play- ing on the violin. In turn he has been a machinist, an employe of the Spring- field armory, a student at Ohio Wes- leyan Academy and at the University of Jlichigan, in the latter becoming an instructor; has been twice head of geo- DEAN SHIPMAN SECRETARY CHASE logical expeditions sent to the great lakes. He has been once shipwrecked; was twice elected Mayor of Bethany, West Virginia, where he was professor at Bethany College. He has also been an assistant professor at the Kentucky Uni- versity. In 1874, Professor Dolbear accepted the Chair of Physics and Chemistry at Tufts, since which time his name has become world-widely known by reas(m of his important electrical inventions, and as author of valuable technical scientific works. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; a mendier of the Twentieth Century and Authors' Clubs, of Boston; the American Philo- sophical Si>ciety, of Washington, and National Institution of Art, Science and Literature, of New York. As early as 1882 he filed an application for patents on his appliances for telegraphing with- out wires, and in 1896 photographed a body through a board table by means of an electrical discharge. At Paris he re- ceived a silver medal, aiul from London, in 1882, a gold medal, both for his con- tributions to science. MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESEXT CHARLES II. LEUNAKU AMO-S i-:. lioLliEAR CHARLES llALL LEOXAKD GARDNER CHACE ANTHONY 62 ilEDFUlll), I'AST AM) I'llEf^EM Professor Dolbear was married in 1800 to Alice J. Ilood, and has three suns and two daughters. HARRY GRAY CHASE Harry (;ray Chase, Secretary o£ the Facnlty of Arts and Sciences, was born in West Xewbury, Massachusetts, Sep- tember 10, 1871. He attended the pnblic schools of the town and fitted for college in the local High School and Dean Acad- emy, Franklin, Massachusetts. He grad- uated from Tufts College in 1893 with the degree of Bachelor of Science in Elec- trical Engineering. From the fall of 1803 to the spring of 180.") he was employed in the electrical department of the West End Street Railway Comjiany. In the spring of 1805 he was appointed Assistant in Electrical Engineering in Tufts College. In January, 1800, he was appointed In- structor in Electrical Engineering. In 1807 he was appointed Registrar of tile Col- lege, and in 1800 was elected Secretary of the Facnlty. In the college year 1800-1000 he served as Walker Special Instructor in Mathematics. In 1902 he was appointed Assistant Professor of Physics, which position with that of Secretary of the Facnlty of Arts and Sciences is occupied at tlie present time. He served as a mem- ber of the school committee of his local town for five years, and is a member of educational and scientific societies. Professor Chase was married, Xoveni- ber 23, 1897, to Miss Mary F. Cook, of Gloucester. They have two sons and one daugliter. PROFESSOR GARDNER CHACB ANTUONY Gardner Chace Anthony, Dean of the Engineering Department, was born in Providence, Rhode Island, April 24, IS.jO. His ancestors were among the early set- tlers of Massachusetts and the first set- tlers of Providence. He began to attend school at the age (.>f five years, and three years later entered the English and Classical school whei-e he re- mained for nearly nine years, leaving a few months before graduation on account of a severe illness. In October of 1874, he entered the drafting room of the Provi- dence Steam Engine Company and re- mained therefor more than a year. During this time he prepared to enter Brown University and was admitted in the win- terof 1875-70. He jHirsued courses inmath- ematics and science, together with such engineering as was given in those days, until the fall of 1877 when be entered Tufts College to continue special studies. MEDICAL AXD DENTAL SCHOOLS INTERIOR OF GODDARD GTMNASTOM 63 it ED FORD, PAST AND PRESENT In t)utiiber of 1S7S, he entered the em- ploy of the Harris-Corliss Engine Com- pany, where he remained for nearly three years, and then returned to the employ of the rrovidence Steam Engine Company, remaining until November, 1SS4. During the yearfollowing he wasengaged on pat- ent work, general engineering, and also as designer for the Brown & Sharpe Man- ufacturing Company. Mr. Anthony began to teach in 188."), his first position being in the Rhode Island School of Design, in which he became di- rector of the mechanical department. In connection with this position he also tilled thatof instructor of drawing in the Provi- dence High School, which position he con- tinued to fill for six years. In 1887, he founded the RhodeIslandTence; and on March 16, was ordained and installed with very pleasing ceremonies. FIRST BAPTIST CIIIRCII As long ago as 1818, the home of Miss Polly Blanchard, then on High street near the present Centre Grammar School, was the place where the few Baptist be- lievers assembled and held their first meetings. The band of workers lield their meet- ings with interest and regularity for twenty years, until, in 1840, Moses Par- sons, member of a Baptist church in Marshfield, with others, tn the first Sunday of June. 1901, the be- loved former pastor. Reverend George 31. Preston, received into the fellowship of the church. Reverend JIaurice A. Levy and his esteemed wife. Mr. Levy had resigned the charge of the Baptist Church at Hingham, Massachusetts, hav- ing graduated previously from Newton Tlie(dogical Institute. Reverend Mr. Levy is still pastor, and in his pastorate, thus far, has demonstrated remarkable ability as a preacher, pastor, leader, courteous gentleman and hon- on'7, to tliat of the First Trinitarian Congregational Church of Medford. In January, 1805, Dr. Marvin resigned, but remained until November 8, when Reverend James T. JlcCollum, a far dif- ferent man than any of his predecessors, took charge of affairs. In nine years after Mr. McCollum's setllenient, he died, November 25, 1874, greatly lamented. The original Mystic Church had its establishment in the Town Hall, May 9, 1847, and sixty members, two months later, were formally orgainzed by a large ecclesiastical council. The present church edifice was erected during the summer of 1848, and dedicated February 14, 1849. Reverend Abner B. Warner, a nei)hew of the first pastor of the Second Church, was installeressive ■eremony, the Reverend Burt Leon Yorke from the choir by a heavy brass railing, preaching the sennon. Reverend Edward The choir seats are of black walnut, and C. Hood, a former jiastor, offered the there are chairs and low desks for tiie prayer, and the sermon was preached by rector. The pulpit, in the north side of Reverend Edward C. Moore, of Harvaril the chancel, is of black walnut, octagonal University. in shape, with buttressed sides and deep This beautiful structure at the corner Gothic panels. The lectern of polished of High and AUston streets, a location of brass and fine design is a menmrial. convenieiu-e, adjacent to the parsonage The organ occupies a position in the and a fitting neighbor to the Brooks south side of the chancel, and is of the School, stands as a menmrial to the late Hook & Hastings make. The singing is Deacon Henry L. Barnes, fulfilling his by a vested choir of girls and boys all fond desire as "an edifice worthy of the surpliced in white and black. lot" which he gave and made possible The alcove, where formerly stood the by a large legacy which he bequeathed, organ, has been changed into a baptistery, together with the monetary gifts during and contains a font, the gift of Reverend his lifetime. Mr. Hutchins, on one side of which is The first church had been dedicated at a tablet inscribed to the memory of the corner of Harvard avenue and Itowers Margaret (iordon Hutchins. The font street about thirty-two years ago. stands on a slab of Kibbe stone; the base The nuiin entrance of the church of to- is of Tennessee marble, and from it rises day is of granolithic flooring, has deep five shafts, the central one being of Med- tower windows, and leads to two vesti- fordgranite taken from old Pasture Hill, bules. Massive doors open into the Four other shafts are of French red mar- auditorium, which accommodates five ble, surmounted by capitals of artistically hundred. Ten clerestories give light, and wrought wreaths of lilies of the valley, easily operated ventilating ajiparatus is Tlie octagonal bowl is of Knoxville l)ink provided. Tlie large High street window marble. Cherub heads are sculptured on and six double windowsalso furnish light, four sides, and on the fifth the words: Rich red velvet carpeting upon floor and ••One Lord, one faith, one baptism." platform is from the firm of Pray & Son, There are, besides the windows, tablet laid by direction of II. S. L. Cullington, memorials to Miss Mary E. King, who ,,f this place. The quartered oak pews, gave her services for more than twenty- semi-circularly arranged, front the pulpit, five years to tlie ciuirch as organist, and conveniently high, and the platform seats who died August 12, 1877; one to the a dozen. memory of Mrs. Gorham Brooks; one to The pulpitdesk, of solid quartered oak, Mrs. Helen Adams Elliot; a window to bears upon the front beautiful carving, Mrs. Ellen Shepherd Brooks, wife of embodying the lines of the large front Gorham Brooks, erected by her sons window, and is in nu-mory of Benjamin Peter Chanlon aiul Shepherd Brooks; a C.Leonard, a gift from his sister, Mrs. brass cross and vases on the altar and Charles H. Parker. Mrs. B. C. Leonard retable from Mrs. Dudley C. Hall. gave the large Bilile which is the Amer- The communion service is a very ele- ican revised version. gant and costly one. Mrs. Dudley Hall The bell, recastfroni the old ime, weighs MEDFOIW, PAST AXD rUESEyT ri)XGREi;ATIOXAL CHCRCH. WEST MEDFORI) alone twenty-two hundred pounds; with accessories, thirty-eight hundred iiounds. It is inscribed "We went through fin and through water, but Thou broughtost us out into a wealthy place." '■<> cnnii let us worship and how down; Ictusknerl before Jehovah our Maker." The first pastor, Reverend Marshall JI. Cutter, served until 1882. Reverend Edward C.Hood was installed September 13, 1882, and served seven years, being succeeded by Reverend Her- bert Warner Stebbins, who came in Oc- tober, 1889. The next pastor was Rever- end Judson Van Clancy, who accepted a call January 19, 189(5, coming from Union Congregational Church of Weymouth. It was during his pastorate that the first edifice burned early March 4, 1900, at an estimated loss of twenty thousand dol- lars On the preceding Sunday commun- ion service was held. The church bell, upon which was a fire tapper, sounded REVEREND BURT LEON YORKE the alarm of the disastrous conflagration. Ilnlton Hall was utilized f(U' services. Iteverend Mr. Clancy resigned October 18, I'.iOo, to accept a call to St. Lawrence t'hurch, of Portland, Maine. Reverend Hurt Leon Yorke, Jl. A., was called from Bridgeport, Connecticut, and April 12, 19o.",, was installed as the pasttu-. Tliis is but a brief outline of the church Hi-owth, step by step, ever onward. Pas- tors and people have worked together, 'rnnpnrary adversities have only been as purifying portions leading to greater things, spiritually and socially. riaXITY METHODIST EPISCOPAL CIIIKCH The Methodists of West Medford began in the early sixties to form what has since become one of the most influential religious organizations in this city. There were a good many of the Meth- odistic persuasion living in this section of the then town, who went to adjoining places for Sunday worship; but this did 74 MEDFORD, PAST A.XD PKESEyT not answer all the requirements of the soul's needs to many, and so a faithful little band of workers conceived the idea of holding weekly class meetings, which is a peculiarly Methodist idea anushed rapidly, anil iti four months the building was dedicated to the service of God, and on the Sunday following the society took the name <'f tlie Trinity M. E. Church of Medford, the membership then being fourteen, with a church pmperty of nine thousand dollars, on which tlu're was a debt of four thou- sand seven hundred dollars. Reverend S. S. Curry was the preacher as supply, ami a Sunday school was organized the same day. The society had ministers who have since become famous in the denomina- tion. There have been Reverends L. L. II. Hamilton, E. C. Ilerdman, John F. Brant, William Full, Jarvis A. Ames, George M. Smiley, Cliarles W. Wilder, Frederick X. Upham, William J. Ilamlileton, William J. Pomfret and William M. Cassidy. During Jlr. Upham's pastorate the fifteenth anniversary was taken notice of with appro jjriate services. While Mr. Cassidy was here the church building was sold and moved away, and a new edi- fice started, the corner-stone being laid July 2:!, 189ij, at six o'clock. The new church was dedicated March 11, 1897, at 2.1.') p.m., with great ceremony. On June 19 and 20, 1898, came the REVEREND SYLVESTER S. KLYXE twenty-fifth anniversary. Mr. Cassidy re- mained with the church four years, which is longer than any minister has preached for this society, and Arthur William L. Xelson became pastor. At this anniver- sary. Reverend N. T. Whitaker, D.D., preached the sermon on the nineteenth, morning, and Reverend D. R. Thorndike, I). D., presiding elder, preached in the evening. On the twentieth, a reunion of former friends and former pastors took place. TIUN'ITV METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH ilKUFOlU), PAST ASD I'UESKyT followed by a banquet at which pastors o£ MeUl'oril cluuxhcs took pai't. Following Jlr. Nelson's pastorate came Reverends Arthur Bonner and Georuc A. Cooke. Reverend Sylvester S. Klyne was the next pastor. Its present house of worship is a great credit to the society. The auditorium has lifty-seven pews, but the facility of add- ing to the accommodating space is met by raising of a pretty partition opening into a large vestry, which also has sliding liartitious to make even more room. But the beauty of the church is the addition of the many memorial windows which are installed. Xo churcdi in this city has so many of tliis nature, and none are more beautiful. The church, as one sees it to-day, is prosperous and harmonious. Mr. Jlann and his fanuly are still connected with it, doing good work and greatly interested. Nelson Taylor is another old-time worker and has an active Bible class. There are many young men in the society who are grand workers, and the ladies are greatly interested in the church's success, as shown by their earnestness in everything given them to do. UNION CONGUEUATIONAL CHURl U The church interior, with its terra cotta tint and oak pews and tinish, is pretty, and has the appearance of great activity. The organ, the generous gift of Elisha REVBREXD JOHN WILD Pierce, is a sjieaking memorial to this departed benefactor. I'NION COX(iRF.(iATIONATj CHURCH The Union Congregational Church, worshiping on Marion street, had its be- ginning in the chapel on Broadway, just over the line in Somerville, at the corner of Alfred street. On the twenty-ninth of October, 1887, the Union Congregational Church can be said to have made aformal beginning as a religious body. Twenty- eight were received by letter and twenty- two by confession of faith. November 7, 1887, the articles of faith and covenant were adopted by the church. December 1, a C(Uincil was held in the chapel to recognize the new church. The church continued to grow with such prosjierity that on February 24 of the following year, it was decided to buy a lot of land on Marion street, in this ci ty, upon which to build a church. The prudential committee was made a building committee, and on April 20, the romnuttee reported plans for a church, thirty feet by fifty feet, and work was commenced. Reverend F. J. Kelly had been active in the formation of the church, and on July 17, 1888, he was called to become pastor. On the sixteenth of .Inly, Mr. Kelly re- signed, greatly to the regret of the new society, and on October 27, Reverend C. C. Bruce came to preach for these people. 76 MKDFOUD, I'AtiT AMD FJIESENT November 3, 1880, he was chosen pastor for six months. In June, 1800, Reverend Mr. Bruce was re-elected pastor. The society had moved into the brick building at the corner of Main and Harvard streets, now occupied by E. B. Thorndike & Son as a printing iitiice, and had taken quite a start. On May 20, ISOl, Mr. Bruce resigned and Augustl4of that year. Reverend Benjamin A. Dean came to preach. August 189.5, Reverend Mr. Dean re- signed as pastor and was succeeded by Reverend Isaac Pierson, December 6, ISO."), who occupied thy pastorate on the twen- tieth of the same month. October 13, 1003, Mr. Pierson felt called upcjn to resign to go to another Held. He did great work and left a strong society. The pulpit was supplied by several min- isters for a season, until May 1, of last year, when Reverend John Wild, then lo- cated at Hanover, accepted a call and has since continued to the evident satisfac- tion of the whole people of the church. ST. JOSEPH'S KOMAX CATHOLIC CHURCH Until 1S40, there were no public serv- ices of the Roman Catholic sect held in this city. People were obliged to go to East Cambridge in order to attend church, and there being no means of cimveyance, to walk was their only way in whicli to g"- This long distance means of getting to SAINT JOSEPH'S ROMAN TATHOLIC CHURCH to administer to the religious needs of ^^en the Reverend Thomas (Reason was these people. j,l,,,.p,l j.^ ^^^^^^^ ^j ^,,^ p.,j.j^j,_ The attendants were made up of pec.ple In April, 1877, that part of Medford in service ended in 1840, however, when a from the several towns around Medford. wliich the edifice was located was ceded number of earnest Catholics hired the Services were held for a time once a to Maiden, after several unsuccessful pre- Town Hall and Reverend Manassch P. month and congregations were quite vious attempts in previous years to bring Doherty, a priest from Cambridge, came large. Those who felt the need of special ab<'\it this result, and on March 24, 1878, ministrations in the way of confession, the Catholics of Medford wishing to have comfort and counsel were heard in the a cluirch home of their own, purchased old Wade dwelling house then located on the edifice belonging to the Second Con- High street, nearly opposite Bradleeroad. gregational Church, on High street, and In IS.");"), Reverend John Ryan took on Easter of that year it was dedicated charge of the church and gave it an im- to the service of the Roman Catholic re- petus that was earnestly desired. He set about to build a church, and lo- cated it on the easterly part of the town in order to accommodate not only the became pastor and died as such Medford people, but those from Maiden, serving two years. Everett, and Arlington as well, there be- ing no churches anywhere in these places or vicinity. The first service was held in the new church in IS.")."). Father Ryan was succeeded by Rev- ligion and the first service held therein. In 1883, the church became a separate parish and Reverend Richard Donnelly after The church was fortunate in having appointed to it Reverend Michael (Jilli- gan, who was over this church for four- teen years, in which he did great service for the Catholics by building a new edifice UEVEREND THOMAS L. FLANAGAN" erend Thomas Scully, who was a war and parish house and increasing the rhaplain, and who since leaving Medford number of attendants very considerably, wcm additil was organized in February 6, 1899, the parish unani- 1, 189(1, with S. T. Kirk as its first niously called the Reverend Theodore A. rintciiilent, and it has since grown Fischer, then at AVarren, Massachusetts, as pastor, and he was Installed on June 19 following; and thus commenced what has been to date a very successful pastor- ate, with many good results. These things, with other efforts of the pastor, resulted in a meeting on April 11, 1900, in the vestry, at which a Universal- ist Church was formed, consisting of thirty-five members, eleven of whom came by letter, and on Easter Sunday follow- ing they received the fellowship of the Tniversalist Church, and the Holy Com- munion was partaken of for the first time. The church has continued to flourish, and most reasonably so. harmony, energy and deep interest being the thoughts n]>- permost in the minds and desires of the |ii'ople banded together as tlie Hillside I'niversalist Church. November 20, 1901, Jlr. Kirk resigned ;is clerk, and Henry A. Peakes was elected to the double position of cli-rk and Ireasurer, January 2(), 1902. The society has many adjuncts, one lieing a Men's Club. The Y. P. C. U. is another important function, and has a REVEREND HOMER B. POTTER junior branch also very active. 79 MEDFOnn, PAST AXD PRESENT The ladies" .social part is cared for by the band of Willing Workers, whith not only does real good heart and handwork among the needy, but which gets up a parish supper on the fourth Tuesday of each month, and any who choose may attend, sure of a cordial welcome and a royal good time. The pretty, light-timbered ceiling and walls, the tasty-looking organ at the right of the pulpit platform, the handsome stained glass windows, one of which is a memorial to Tristram Talbot, who took a great interest in the church and was an honored veteran and citizen; the easy- sitting pews, the large audience of one hundred and fifty-two, all combine to make a visitor feel at home. HILI..SIDE METHODIST CHURCH In the year 180.5 union open-air meet- ings were held at the Hillside, and the question of a church organization was agitated. The sentiment was strongly in favorof a Methodist Church. At a meeting held June 10, 1896, with the Reverend Mr. Dight in the chair, it was voted to secure the services of Reverend L. W. Wood, a theological student of Boston University, as a permanent supply; and July 31, of the same year, it was voted to purchase a lot of land for a church. The committee previously appointed to consider the ju-opriety of organizing a Methodist church reported favorably, and August 17, 1806, the church was (jr- ganized by Keverend J. < ). Knowles, D.D., presiding elder, and the disciplinary offi- cers were chosen. During the winter of 1895 and spring of 1896, meetings were held in private houses in various parts of the Hillside. Subsecjuently a house on Dearborn street belonging to Messrs. Leavitt and Woodworth, was secured, where services were held till May 14, moo. L. W. Wood supplied the charge from August 17, 1896, to June, 1897; F. L. Buzzell from September, 1897, to April 1, 1898; Edward W. Strecker, April, 1898, to April, 1899; E. O. Grimes, April, 1899, to August, 1899, when it was placed under the care of A. AV. L. H'elsted, commenc- ing his pastorate May 1, 1900. Conversions and baptisms have been frequent during the present pastorate. Congregations are uniformally good, and the people in this section are attentive hearers. The church is composed of the working classes; they are a self-sacrific- ing people, and give largely of their means to siii:iport the work. Harmony jirevails between jiastor and peoi)le, and the wish expressed by many is that the present relations may remain unchanged for many years to come. Mr. Hackett is a native of Scotland, anrd's people may well look kindly upon its Historical Society, which, as known to the world, is one of the most important associations in kindred lines in the country. So highly is its collec- tions of historical data and objects re- garded that its rooms are visited annually by students from Harvard College and frequently by scholars from abroad. 84 Social Clubs of Medford The Medford Club lU' A ('HAUTIUI All'^MBKR IX till- full of ISin, Janu'S L. Blaokmar, tliiMi jin'sidcnt of the Cycle Club, iu- vilcd about twenty residents of Me those already existing in our vicin- ity. The town government had given way to the new city, so many thought that such a scheme would be "ujj to date,"' MEDFOKD CLUB HOUSE aheli)to tlie city and an enjoyment to its members. A few enthusiasts declared it feasible; many thouglit it would be a n(m success; out-siders offered caustic remarks, wanted to know whether " two tigers would be kept," one emblematic of Tammany and the other of Canlicld. The proposed Club was thoroughly discussed, especially in the cars, perhaps more so than in the committee room. The organizers heard nothing, but went ahead with their jdans. A sufficient number having declared their willingness not only to join, but to give llicir linancial support, a charterwas applied for, which on May 6, 1892, was granted to Messrs. JohnD. Street, George W. Greene, James L. Blackmar, William 1!. Lawrence, John W. Rockwell, William C. Craig, JosiahE. Teel, Herman L. Buss, their associates and successors. The charter members of the Club met in a room in the (Ipera House building and organized as follows: Executive com- mittee: president, John T>. Street; vice presidents, General S. C. Lawrence, J. Henry Norcross, James Bean ; secretary, MEDFOIil). PAST A.\!) I'ltESEyT James L. Blackmar; treasurer, CTeorge \V. Greene; directors, ,Inlm D. Street, J. Henry Norcross, James L. Blackmar, Walter L. Hall, M.D., John W. Rockwell, Herman L. Buss, General S. C. Lawrence, James Bean, George W. Green, William B. Lawrence, William C. Craig, Josiah R. Teel. While the undertaking was not at all arduous, it contained just enough busi- ness detail to keep the officers quite busy. It was the privilege of each member to subinit his ideas, as to the clubhouse membership, and the way it should be run, yet there was no unnecessary fric- tion; nothing but a growing enthusiasm. While they enjoyed no clubhouse facil- ities, every member willingly paid fine year's assessments towards defraying the necessary initial expenses. A committee on clubhouse site or loca- tion, consisting of J. Henry Norcross, Walter L. Hall, JI. D., and William B. Lawrence were aijpointed. After a thor- ough examination, the large lot on the summit of Prospect Park was recom- mended and adopted by the Club. A building committee consisting of Walter L. Hall, M. D., J. R. Teel, Oliver White, W. B. Lawrence, W. A. Thomp- son and W. P. Martin undertook to visit the different clubhouses, consult archi- tects and bring in plans of a building sat- isfactory to tlie members, harmonious tu its surroundings, and within the cost of what the Club could atford. In due time the Club decided to accept the plans of Loring & Phipps. The question now was, how to raise money. So a finance committee consist- ing of J. Henry Norcross, F. E. Chandler, William B. Lawrence, Oran Brown, Oliver Hammond, L. W. Putfer, E. F. Allen and Benjamin F. Leimard was appointed. These gentlemen dectided ( m a plan which proved successful. The membership list was still growing. While it was the plan to have a member- ship of at least two hundred, yet gentle- men were not admitted indiscriminately. It made no difference what the social jiosition of the applicant was, — he might be a clerk or a banker, — what was abso- lutely necessary was that he and his family should, in a reasonable way, be acceptable to other Club members. When the house was about ready for its interior decoration and furnishings, the member- ship list was full. So the task of provid- ing suitable furnishings was delegated a committee consisting of I). II. liradlec, W. A. Thcimpscin and William Leavens. The ladies requested the privilege of furnishing their own parlor, which was cheerfully granted; they appointed their committee and paid their own bills, amounting to about six hundred dollars. The formal opening of the clubhouse took place on Monday, June 12, and con- sistedof a receptiouand musicaol,fllowed by dancing and supper, and was a de- cided success in every way. Not only the social side was cultivated, but a series of very interesting smoke talks was inaugu- rated. Of c. Wright; vice presidents. Honorable Wni. C. Wait, Walter D. Hall, M. D., Evcntl W. Stone; secretary, James L. Blackmar; treasurer, H.C.Jackson, junior; directors, Corliss Wadleigh, L. W. Drake, J. II. Wheeler, Honorable W. C. Wait, Everett W.Stone, H. C. Jackson, junior, R. A. Drake, D. C. Melville, I. (). Wright, W. I). n;ill, -M. D., James L. IJhi.kiiuii-. The Neighborhood Club I!v W. F. i\TAcv THE Neighborhood Chib, of West Medford, was organized in 1902, through the efforts of Messrs. AVilliani F. Macy and Thomas C. Ilovey, who foreseeing a need for some organization of a x'urely social character in the community, called a meeting of a few of the representative citizens in that part of the city, and proposed the pur- chase of the Bacouestate, at the junction of Allston, Woburn and Brooks streets, wliich was then in the market, and the formation of a family club, to which women and children should be admitted as members on the same basis as men. The idea met with favor at once, and the money was soon subscribed to pur- chase the estate, whicli comprised a large dwelling house of ab be made a legal iucoriKiration and, accordingly, on the third of May, 18'.IT, Ruth (Jibson, Alii'C C. Ayres, Edith Sise, Katherine M. Crockett, Edith W. Wait, Clara E.Langell, Mary H. Hayes, Netta H. Perry, Helen C. Dearborn, Caroline R. Nottage, Mary E. Kingsley, Annie I. Hersey, Jane M. Mar- tin, Fanny E. Bemis, Katherine H. Stone, Mary L. Capenand Caroline Turner, their associates and successors, were legally f>rganized, and established as, and were marizes were taken at the Eastern Division meet held on the Merrimac River. Tlie purchase of a war canoe and new rganization with captain, .secretary and measurer, and conducts its races under the rules of the M. Y. R. A. The membershiii of the Club lias in- creased from sixty at tlie end of tlie first year to one hundred and tliirty-six at the present time, the largest number in its history. The Club has not only been prominent in racing, but has for the past three years supported a first class base ball team. The upper My.stic Lake on which a greater part of the canoeing is done, was first used as a water supply by the city of Charlestown in lS(i4, anil by Charles- town and Boston until 11S'.I8, when it was given up as a regular water supply. Starting at the railri)ad bridge over the Ahajona River and following the shores, the total distance around the lake is four miles. Inside this course is an area of two hundred acres. From the dam between the two lakes to the gut before entering Bacon's Pond the distance is three thou- sand four hundred feet ; tlie greatest width is two thousand two hundred feet and soundings have been made to the dejith of ninety feet. The lakes are bnrdered on the east side by the Metropolitan Park Boulevard and tlie beautiful Brooks estate on which are situated three magnificent mansicms.This estate has been in the possession of the Brooks family since Revolutionary times. The market gardens for which Arlington is so famous and the low outlying hills form a rich setting on the west side. In the centre of this panorama is situated the home of the Medford Boat Club. ■".m 4m ^mflHp^flHjj^^^' ^ V ' pi ■r /' j^^B" '^'^ ^^■^^^*d4^^^K^ ,i,ji Ltj^K .J ^R 1 r4p ': ^ ^M- ^^^ff4 k t' ; 1 /j[^ Medford Fire Department By Ciiakles E. Bacon, Ciiikf ExtiiNEF.ii ENGINE NUMBER ONE TTTE first aetinn nf the town on rccoril relating to lire, was May T^, 17(50, when it was voted tliat two fire hooks be provided for the use of the town. March 7, 1703: Voted to raise £20, 13s, 4d, for procuring a fire-engine, if the rest can be pnu'iircd l>y subscrijitinn. Honor- able Isaac Koyall, Stciihcn Ilall, Esquire, and Captain Seth Hlodget, were chosen a coniniittee to pmcure the engine and re- ceive the subscriptions. This resnlted in the purchase of an engine called the "Grasshopper," which was placed near the market. This engine was removed to the West End, April 1, IT'.lll, (when another had been obtained), and was kept in the barn attaclied to the " Angier House." March 11, 170.5: For the first time, nine fire-wards and twelve enginemen were ap- pointed by vote of the town. In 178"), a few gentlemen associated themselves under the name of the "Med- ford Amicalile Fire Society," with the motto, "Amicis nobisque." Twenty-four nuMnbers only were allowed and they SI demnly engaged ti i govern themselves by the nine regulations which they adopted. These regulations embraced all the com- jnon provisions for cho'ce of officers and transaction of business which such an association Would n'(|uire. The third jii'd- vidcil that "cacli member .shall keep con- stantly in good oi'der, hanging up in some convenient place in his dwelling house two leatlier buckets, of convenient size, in whii'li sha 11 be two bags and one screwkey, each bag measuring one yanl and three- quarters in length, and three-quarters of a yard in breadth." If the bags (U- buckets of any mcmlicr were o>it of ]ilace at any quarterly insiicitiou, he was oljliged to pay a fine; oE twenty-five cents for each article so out of place. MEDFOIil), PAST A\l> PRESENT Candidates for admission were to be proposed three months before election, and three votes in the negative prevented membership. "The members shall dine together on the first Wednesday in August annually." They continued their existence till tlie year 1S40, when the society was dissolved. A nuniberot lire buckets formerly used by niendjcrs of this society still hang in tlie carriage room of Hook and Ladder Com- pany No. 1. September 9, ITfiC), it was voted to pro- cuic a new engine. These engines served the |iiii'iiosc of tlic town till a lat(> period. Turner, .James Hyde, .John IJarrington, S. Kradforil, N. Crocker, T. Bridges and C. Herbert. February 22, 1808: The following were appointed members of the West End En- gine Company: L. Wynian, I. Brooks, J. F. Floyd, L. Buckman, J. Buckman, P. lioach, W. Harris, I. Symmes, D. West, W. Brooks, .J. Dickinson, J. Wyman. July 3, 1814, officers were elected as fol- lows: Timothy Dexter, foreman of Engine No. 1; C. Turner, clerk. On April 18, 18-.'.-), James Floyd was elected foreman of En- gine No. 1, James B. Curtis, foreman of Engine No. :3. constitution and by-laws recommended by the committee were adopted by the company, with tlie approval of the select- men. The company was organized and was named Washington Hook and Ladder Company No.l, the charter for same being signed by the Honorable Levi Lincoln, as (iovernor, this being the only fire com- pany now holding a charter designating them a Company of Ilook and Laddermen. This company claims to be the oldest active company in the United States, of which the City of Medford may justly be ]irou(l. The first knfpwn officers of this ClUliK EN(;i\i;i i; i;a< ux ami iiik department TUIiXOt'T The firemen were .selected fnnu the most reliable and energetic of all the citizens, and once a month each engine was exam- ined and played. The record is very incomplete from the last date till 1828. We find that on May 4, 1807, Seth Bradford and Noth Crocker were appointed enginemen of the new engine. June 8, 1807, Isaac Brooks ap- pointed an engineman on Engine No. 1. On June 8, 1807, it was voted to have a new set of wheels for the West End en- gine. June 14, 1808, the following persons were apjiointed members of the Fire De- partment: Timothy Dexter, Jonas Jones, William Buckman, Joseph Manning, T. Blanchard, William Bradbury, Jacob Tufts, Moses Winship, Anson Dexter, Jolm Williams, Thatcher Magoun, Calvin Marcli :i, 1828: Voted that the select- men be a committee to examine and con- sider the necessity of procuring a new engine for the west part of the town. July 28, 1828, the first record of the organization of a new engine company for the west part of the town. At a meeting of the selectmen, April G, 1S28, itwas voted to buy new suction hose for Engine No. 4, called Washington. In the year 1828, the Legislature of the Commonwealth having passed an Act authorizing the town of Medford to ap- I)ointa company of Hook and Laddermen, at a meeting held by the selectmen on July 6, of that year, a ccmimittee was ap- pointed to form such a company. The action of the committee was ap- proved by the town authorities, and the company, elected July 20, 1829, were John B. Fitch, moderator, and (ieorge W. Porter, clerk. This company is still in existence, and is now hicated in the Cen- tral Engine House, Maine street. It has always been a popular branch of the Fire Dejiartment; and from first to last, we find the names of some of the most re- spectable citizens of the town enrolled in its membership. The present officers are: Frank Hathaway, Captain; Charles H. Hartshorn, lieutenant; Samuel G. Jepson, clerk ; C. Ernest Larkin, treasurer; Ladder nu'n James H. Chase, Frank 15. Blodget, George L. Newliall, William F. Bartlett, F. Russell Waterman, and Herbert E Bradish. November 14, 1831, the town voted to give a supper each year to the firemen. 00 MEDFOnn, PAST AND rHESENT November 9, ISi'i, the town voted that fire-engines may be used to water ships in course of construction, and proper com- pensation be I'eqiiircMl tlierefor. March 0, 1S:!T: At tliis time tlien- was a general call for a more extended and effi- cient defence against lire; and the town voted that it approve tlie Kevised Stat- utes, Section 1!I-1>1. la the year 18:59, the town petitioned the Legislature for an act of incorpora- tion of their Fire Department. This sug- gested to tlie Legislature the importance of considering the whole subject; and on the ninth day of April, the present law was past. The next day they authorizeaMy, and the J. Q. Adams, No. 4. The Governor Brooks, No. 1, was lo- cated on Back street, on lot of land now used as a jiublic Pound, and was officered as follows: James F. Floyd, foreman; DavidKimball, assistant foreman; George L. Stearns, clerk; Luther Angier, treas- urer. This company continued its organi- zation till March 17, 18.58, when by order of the engineers, they were disbanded. General Jackson, No. 2, or the Western Engine Company, was first located in a building near "MarmSyniond.sIiill," and after a few years was located in the rear of the First Parish Meeting-house, Zac. Wynian was foreman and James F. Floyd, clerk. J. Q. Adams, No. 4, was located at the sliip yard nearly opposite Park street, and having no suction hose was used for watering ships. March 2l\ 1840, the first board of engi- neers was appointed as follows: James (). Curtis, Daniel W. Lawrence, Elisha Stetson, S. I. Lappin, John P. Clirby. Meeting April 8, 1840: Daniel W. Law- rence declined to serve on board of engi- neers, and David Foster was appointed to serve. April 25, 1840, J. P. Clirby resigned, and George V. Porter was ap]iointed. Mr. Porter refused to serve :iii(l .lolui T. White was appointed. April 19, 1841, the selectmen appointed S. Lappin, chief, and F. E. Foster, J. T. White, E. Stetson, D. Foster as a board of engineers for the year. March 7, 1842, the chief engineer made his (irst annual report. The selectmen re- ajipointed the same board of engineers for the ensuing year, and the same board was reappointed for the year 1843. Samuel Lappin served as chief engineer from February 15, 1843, to February 14, 1845. Pyam Cushing served as chief engi- neer from February 15, 1845, to February 14, 1840. Benjamin II. Samson served as chief engineer from February 15, 1840, to February 14, 1850. The engine " (irasshopper " was sold to Hunneman & Company during the year 1849. Nathan Richards served as chief engi- neer for the years 18.50-51. Benjamin K. Tcele, served as chief engineer from Feb- ruary 15, 1852, to February 14, 1854. Anthony Waterman served as chief engi- neer for the year 1855. May 1, 1855, Washington Engine CUlX(i STREET 02 MEDFORD, PAST AND I'ltESENT foreman; Alninii Klack, spchikI assistant foreman; .loiiatliaii N. Sylvester, elerk; Iliram Simmoml, steward. This company was (lisbaniled in the year 1S71. Judah Loring served as chief engineer for the year ISrjO. John Brown served as chief engineer for tlie years 1857-r)8-r)0-60-()l. MYSTIC HOSE COMPANY NO. 1 Tliis company was organized March ICi, 1860, and was hicated inliviildingon High street, now occupied by tlie (i. A. II. as hea(hjuarters. The comjiany at that time had a f our-wheek^d Iiand }iose-reel, and a company of eighteen men, and was offi- cered as foUowsr George W. W. Saville, foreman; Gonhin Ilayden, second fore- man; V. E. Tescliemacher, clerk and treas- urer; G. W. Williamson, steward. A few years later, this hand reel was exchanged for a two-wheel hose reel, called a jumi)er, .Still later this reel was <-lianged, and a four-wheeled horse-hose-recl was then in- stalled. This reel was in commission till 1800, when a two-horse Abbott & Down- ing hose wag(in was jilaced in commis- sion, and this wagon is still in service. CHIEF EMilNEER liACON AND ASSISTANT ENGINEERS CLARK AND WATERMAN tral engine-house on Main street, where Nathan 11. Wait, clerk; Henry 51. James, it is quartered at the present time. The John F. Chick, Richard W. Clark, Robert The company remained in the High street ollicers and members of the comjiany to- J. Lindsey, Patrick J. Waldrf)n, Frank engine-house till the year ISSO, when its day are as foUows: George A. Hooker, E. James, hose men; .ludson A. Tlanson, quarters were removed to the new cen- captain; Adam G. Clark, lieutenant; driver. -J»rsr=-i«-- HUUK AND LADDER IX FRONT OF CENTRAL STATION 93 MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESENT HOSE COMPANY NO. 4 This comiiany was organized March 27, 1890, and tlie liose-roel formerly used by Hose coniimny No. 1, was placed in com- mission in this house, together with the old horse, called Dianu)nd. This was the lirst horse owned by the FireDejiartment. The ofKcers of the company at the time of organization were Sam Mclntiro, fore- man; C. Ernest Larkin, clerk. This reel was used by this company till ilay 2, 1902, when a new two-horse wagon built by A. C. Symmes, similar to the wagon used by Hose Xo. 1, was placed in com- mission in this house, which is located During the year 1872, a lot of land was bought on Canal street to build an en- ginehouse on, and the fcdlowing year the house was built, and is in use at the pres- ent time. Tlu^ first hose carriage bought was a hand hose reel, and this carriage was used till the year 1881, when a horse carriage was bcuight and placed in com- mission. This carriage was used till the year 1889, when a dcuible tank llabcock chemical engine was hi mghtand the Henry Hastings Hose Company Xo. 1 name was changed to Chemical Company Xo. 1, and the company was reduced from six to four men. This chcnucal engine was driver; Thomas D. Collins, lieutenant; Jolin Snnth, clerk; and the f(jllowing hosemen: .Jcdin H. Qualey, Leon V. Walker, Edward E. Tapkee. COMHINATION C. COMPANY This company was organized Decem- ber 9, 1872, and was then known as J. W. Mitchell Hose Company Xo. 3, and was located on the corner of Park and Wash- ington street. The company r(dl at that time was: W. F. Aldcn, foreuum; I. F. R. Hosea, junior, first assistant foreman; Frank Irving, second assistant foreman; W. E. Ellis, treasurer; H. A. Smith, stew- ard; A. P. Joyce, clerk. At this time the on Spring street, the present members being as follows: William R. Ordway, captain and driver; John Antrobus, lieu- tenant; James B. Barnes, clerk; Irving T. Ham, Warren W. Foye, Lewis H. Day, Richard Archibald, hosemen. COMBINATION A. COMPANY This company was organized during the year 1872, and was at that time known as Hose Company No. 2, and having no house to put the hose reel in, it was kept in livery stable cjwned by D. K. Richard- son, located on High street, West Med- ff>rd. The first officers were: A. A. Sam- son, foreman; D. K. Ric-hardson, first assistant foreman; J. A. Manning, second assistant foreman; H. H. Hooper, clerk; R. D. Carpenter, treasurer; M. F. Roberts, steward. COMBINATION A COMPANY, CANAL STREET used till the year 1900, when a combina- tion hose and chemical wagon was placed in commission. This wagon is in service at the present time and the comjiany is as follows: Frank H. Walker, captain and driver; J. Curtis Wiswell, clerk; John L. Tutton, J. O. C. X'eilson, Frederick J. Meagher, William S. Chamberlin, hose- men. COMBINATION B. COMPANY Tlie engine house at South Medford, corner of Medford and Albion streets, was built and occupied during the year 1894, and a double tank Ilolhuvay com- bination hose and chemical wagon placed in commission. The same officers are in command of this company as at time of the organization of the company, as fol- lows: Thomas A. Qualey, captain and company was equijiped with a four- wheeled hose-reel ; this reel was in service till the year 188.5, when a hose wagon was placed in commission. This wagon remained in commission till May 9, 1900, when a combination hose and chemical wagon built by C. X''. Perkins, was placed in commission, and the. name of the com- pany was changed to Combination C. Company. The officers and members at the present time are: W. L. Richards, captain; Benjaman F. Samson, lieuten- ant, and driver; O. C. Xicoll, clerk; C. S. liurrell, treasurer; F. E. Samson, J. B. Simpson, Merrill M. Gray, hosemen. FIRST KIRE ENGINE BOUGUT At a town meeting, held March 11, 1861, it was voted to purchase a steam tire en- gine and to dispose of one of the hand- MEDFOlil), J'AST AND FliESJijyT COMBINATION C COMPAJVT, SAF.EM STREET engines, antton, (ieorge L. Barr, Moses C. Vinal. Board of engineers, 18(57. Benjamin II. Samson, chief; George 1,. P.arr, A. N. Cotton, L. F. Brooks, D. W. Lawrenci', assistant engineers. Board of engineers, 1868. Benjamin 11. Samson, chief; (J. L. Barr; L. F. Bror(>perty. The As.soeiation's second fault is idiarity, which, as they construe the word, implies all uu'u are equally entitled to tors'iveness, regardless of creed, social cnvironmeut or iiolitical affiliation. I'er- haps those two faults are sufficient to class it :is very faulty, because, being so humanly human ami so mindful of the fact that the ditTerences between men's classilieations are largely dejiendent ujnin the thickness of tbe masks they wear, they are, as an asscjciation, in a class by themselves in our community. There may be some people in Medford who are uiuicquainted with a hook and ladder man's duty. To them we say, it's the jollie.st s(U-t of work, especially on a cold night, when, after finding a warm sjKjt in bed, one turns out to a fire, runs a mile or two, shoves up a hundred or more feet of ladders, hooks the side of a buiiiing building down, tumbles over hose, gets a dozen or more gallons of freezing water down his back, his eyes ;iml lungs full of smoke, and so on, — all for the honor i^f serving his fellow-citi- zens. Do you wonder at su<'b men being very faulty? The annual uxeeting of our venerable Association is held on the first Monday in .May. Then, with full respect for tin- Luce law, but without working uiuler the same, their officers are elected and sworn in. The other meetings follow in daily succession, and embrace a banqiu-t on every holiday. I'ulike some organizations in .Medio i-d's list of municipal friends, our honorable Hook and Laksi Shepherd Brooks, Edward Hrooks. Frank Brooks, and their families, sturdy sinews in our early life, got to the train on their own time, or got'left, as did ,J. E. Ober, Samuel E. Teele. .J. V. Richardson, Brothers Daniel Richardson, Williain Cheeney, .Tohn Norton, Moses Mann, and others. Down Park street way, the people were early risers by their own clocks; yet, at times, T. C. N^ewcomb, William C. Childs, and Deacon Jfiller made record runs to the old wooden de- pot. Edmund Pennell, Walter Gushing, and Frank Davenport were boys then, and, as a pointer on their futures, were never late. Men whom we have known! Well, hav- ing known Medford since it was a town of only five thousand inhabitants, we have, by force of circumstances, known many men in it. We knew .lim'Fitz, — "Butcher Fitz" was his sobriquet, — who had a fine lot of trout on Valley street, and, all in all, was a beneficial citizen. Then there was George, Joe and Isaac Xewton, sons of early settlers, each a character distinct. Brother Joe was much given to horses and oxen, and delighted in "snaking" ship timbers, at times to the detriment of some cattle. Brother George was a farmer of some renown, while Isaac gave to our life all he was capable of giving. Eleazar Wright we knew well, — a man of genius in many ways, a generous citi- zen, the father of Jfiddlesex Fells. No man can have a more beautiful, exjuess- ive or lasting monument than the Fells lands; yet, as a reminder that we appre- ciate the man who, by gift of time, energy, genius and money, caused public action to define itself in the preservation of our grand forests, a monument built by public subscription on Pine Hill would be in keeping with our apprecia- tion of him. Measuring his rapid jiace by tapiiing the walk with his cane, we see ,Tndge B. F. Hayes crossing Cradock Bridge during the last tolls of Brother Gowing's bell* The Judge was, oh, so swift, it really tired one's eyes to watch his movements. But, as a caballero of the first rank, he was unexcelled. His courtesy was a daily lesson in good manners to all of us. F. E. Foster was never late. Not he. VVhen the sun was drowsily looking over the Azores he could be seen as a boy on Wellington's farm, and as a man on the lundicr wliart. making fruitful use of his time. Frank A. Gray w'as not always late for the train. Usually he. a man of small stature and big brain, trotted down High street seeing only those who, from his social view point, were eligible to a morning greeting. .James W. Tufts was a lovable man. While growing from an humble begin- ning in the store now occupied by Daniel N. Howard to the millionaire owner r>f Pinehnrst, he never forgot to be a human citizen, who stood for the higher life in all ways. Then comes the "Old Roman!" Oh! Nick. Morning to you! With the grace of Chesterfield, the sage of the eastern meadows, our faithful representative in the General Court hands out an " Old Medford " cigar and passes to the train, while wishing us " good luck for the day." " Whoa! " Rather shrill was that com- mand. Yet a merry one withal, and Henian Allen, jumping from his home- made gig, set to work hurrying the men who were then, as they have been con- stantly since, digging up the Square. Bi'other Allen was "on the police" at times, and, as a sort of " steady love." kept the highways in repairs. We remem- ber seeing him in "town meetin'," once in particular, when Auburn Dwyermade his famous speech while seconding a mo- tion made by Alfred Stephens. You all reniember Alfred, and how the Angels of the Plains wheeled him home in a barrow, a-la-Pickwick, after the lunch of the famous hunting party. Shades of good fellows ! There 's Luther Angier! What's that he's saying to J. N. Gibbs while they walk in the .shades? "Yes — yes — yes; yes, Gibbs." "Can't you ever say no? " replied Brother Gibbs. " Yes — ye.s — yes, " answers Bi'other Angier. Well, Ijuther was a master of letters, trade and diplomacy. May his bed over the river be even softer than the old sofa in his office. Coming in at the east end of the depot, sacred to Brother Gowing's memory, we see another Luther, he whose last name was Brooks. Swinging along with a mili- tary step, wearing his accustojned broad black hat, he is telling one of his ethical stories to George Lauriat. You knew George? Certainly, and with jileasure, as all the people here in the early days knew tlie q>iiet, introspective man. Elbridge Teele never hurried visibly, but from early dawn to closing time he was an example of perjjetual mf)tion ap- plied to proclucing profitable results. He acconqilished many enduring things, as is jiroven by the sons and the business bearing his name. Now, Walter Bates, it you drive so rapidly through the Square some one will be hurt, perhaps yourself. Don't ynu see Jojihanus and gentle William standing in the door of the town bird cage? Jo- phanus has an eye on you, Walter, and gentle William has an eye im him. Say! Walter Bates was just a big l>unch fif true humanity. Never a poor family went hungry if he knew of their needs. He had a weakness for old buildings, but it was a paying hobby. He went home too early for Medford's good. (iood morning, Arthur Reagan! Look- ing for new stars or examining the pave- ment? Arthur passes on with such a kindly greeting as, in his musical brogue, made one merry. To Ben Wriglit. Medford owed Jlystic Park, and to that park not a little of its pros])erity and pleasure. Mr. Wright ran the track on honest lines, as did Horace Willis. The reputation of Slystic Park has been fully as beneficial to us, as has been that of some of those who plotted the closing of this world-wide known place of honorable sport. When Uncle Alec Symnu-s dntfed liis hat and drew frou\ it a short-six, one knew he was in a jolly mood. He knew every well and other source for water in the town, and, as chief of our firedejiart- ment, has never been excelled, even by Arthur, who greased the pole in the new " ingine house." Alec Symmes was a gen- ius at many things other than building wagons or shoeing horses. He was one of the men we cling to, because his frank, honest, lovable nature made for him encUiring friendshiji. Morning, Uncle David Simpson! Turn round, will yon? Ha! ha! "Them's the new pants, are they? Fit fine, David, but the port suspender is, as Commodoie Boynton would say, just a little slack in the dead-eye. David, my boy, how 's the colt? All right, eh? Well, Bijou is a jewel. Clam chowders by the Hot Water Ram- blers Friday night? Good ! we '11 all be there. Have the register working, and, if MEDFOh'D, PAST AND PTIESENT the numbers get mixerl, send for Parker R. Dr. Daniel Swan! One must speak of fonl in;iii was an un<|uestione(l honor." Never was a hotel run better than him reverently. He was a true, good Sa- See tluin! Tlieri' is Mr. Elisha Tainter N Tavei-M. Never was a host benefit of humanity. His nuuiey was sim- be Simi truer to his duty tlian Uncle David Sini]i- soii. of lourse, (4entle James helped out in many ways, and was always to be n-- lied on, as he is to-day. Did you know Tom Crockwell? We saw him grow from boyhood into as use- ply a loan frimi the (ireat Father t ful and honorable maidiood as has been distributed to suffering man. given to Medford during all her years. Medford can give no better evidence of Xo better sim, brother, husband and ),('r ai>preciation of true gootain Gushing, from (Jarden street, having a growl with Tliomas Hil! on the lien (picstitiii. .\ddison Childsaiid .1. C. Hand are discussing the value of )iatent kindlings as comjiared with coal. There, the crowd lias passed, anil now we ctimc to one \\ ho, dear tit his tamily. will long be remembered for his devotion banquet where Hrotberllerseyheldforth. il,i,-ing the Civil war, you I'ared for those to his ideals of life: Eleazar Hoynton the plume of Vanderbilt's pet would have left behind by soldiers from Kockland, trailed in the dust. Ilersey was one of Maine. You would swap horses, Merrow, those rare men from whom the milk of and once got stuck on a " talking horse," faithful to his ]iriiiciplcs in tow n meet iiif; smiling on all he meets, our citizen-]ioli- tician, who, ]iriiininent in his church. industrious and helpfid in the (General Court and State Senate, passes by, say- ing: "Let the celebration be worthy of Mwdfoi-d's liighest ideals." lirother Hoyn- ton was a di]ilomat, a shrewd business rallying ground, leaving Brother Smith, a staunch man of the old school, to un- human kindness runs out. He was, — well, ijut never mind, old man, those days are he was Ben Hersey incomparable. We over, as are the ones sacred to riibl>cr knew him thoroughly, and from him heels. learned much to make life more as the .Ichn I). Small was one of the promjit- Creatiir intended it should be. ^.^.j- members of the Washington Hook John F. Batchelder could n't run much, and Ladder Comiiany. When an alarm m;in, an active cluirch otticial. because of aldermanic tendencies. But rung in he would saunter along in the John Smith was so long a factor in he could speak in tones far-reaching, and wake of the truck, asking every passer Mcdford Square that the pantheon looks did. .lohn was a master in his line, and where the blaze was. f)nce, when a blaze Idiicly w itlmut him. KbenWaterman filled ever ready to do a neighborly kindness. came in Wellington, he got as far as the in lirother SinitlTs moving jiicture for a Talk about horses and you must think Hall farm, sat on a wall, and waited tor short time but. answering the always- of James Golden. Why? Because he was, "the boys" to get back. John I), had a heeded call, passed on to the universal in that line, what Raphael was in art. very musi('al voice, one of those express- Brother Jim? Yes, he was all which the jng an effort to mix soprano with bass, title implies, and a manly brother, too. 'Twasa pleasure to buy goods of him, dis]iuted possession of the shadows of Look at that pile of brain, and the keen because, as he said, "he always sold Medford's corinthian pillars. When John eye under the brow; at the tangled heap goods at a loss." W^e know he did, be- Smith rode his fiery steed at the end of of eyebrow when those smug doctors ^anse. Bill Floyd backed up his state- a huse-recl ro]ie, something was doing stare. What a mouth, all clani]ied and ments, and was himself liacked up by along the line, lie got the machine to the barred, to shut in a secret truth: .\nd jiju Tufts. You know liill I'loyd? No? liii always in time for the boys to save, then whenhe laughs, what a glare thnuigh Then you missed acquaintance with as at least, the cellar. his beard of his broad, white tooth! Thus g,,fid a chap as William B. Thomas, and j,, ,,1,1 "town meetin' " days it was James O. Curtis comes back to us with Kill Thomas wasa staractorinthe huniau instructive and pleasurable to watch the memories of the days when he built ships ihje. .lim Tufts was known as the Earl of "vegulars" line up in their reserved seats. and the foniulation for an honorably Gravelly Creek. Whether he was by Down front, on the left, could always be gained fortune. right, or not, a titled gentleman, does ^^.j.,, j„tlg(. Harlow. Tall was this kin of If I'orte Hartshorn had bequeathed ns not matter, because he was a prime layer lilackstone, big of frame, and fertile of all lie knew about the Boston Phalanx, ,,f i, ricks, and. with Stim Derby, made thought. In s|ieech he was always taking we would have material for such a book ^^^^.i, ., ,,..,,„ ,,„ ^^^p information line as .j f,.,,^), i|,,|,i ,,r ideas, like this: "Mr. as would sell "P *';; J'* ^^''.'"11'!,''!' ..'.'.' caused Dr. Dorr to wonder at the capa- „,„derator, 1 move yon, sir, that— ahem! bilities of the human brain. — 1 move you, sir, that — " When he Speaking of Dr. Dorr reminds us of tinally got the Tnotiim into his words, how- handsome he was in the saddle after or the words into his motion. Brother Boynton, or Wilcox, or Ayers, would duly How the old friends crowd around us second the sauie, and the battle would now' They come in reality, too, each say- be on, for the right side regulars gener- ino- "Make the celebration a success ally opposed the left siders, and thus worthy of the old days, when to be a Med- would run the fight. James M. U.sher, a profitable publication. Porte made re- liable goods, as his sons attest. Porte was wit, a scholar, and a scientist. He might not have been able to beat Nat .\mes at checkers, but he could ■' squirt returning from the Civil war. a hose" or ground a gun with the best of them, (iillis knew that, and often tells how the artist in harnesses could measure a "boss" with his eye. and fit him, off- hand, to a reliable suit of oak-tanned. LolC MEDFOni). PAST AND PRESENT tall, angular, wigged and unctuous, next WDulfl move an amendment to Judge Harlow"s motion. Brother lioynton would sjjeak against the amendnu-nt, and be heartily seconded by his friend, Damon Wilcox. Then Judge Hayes — everwitful anil droll, though clear and concise — would get against the twain and be sec" onded by our honored friend (41eason from the sunset end of the town. Moder- ator Hooper would look wiser than Soc- rates, pound a bit with his gavel, wink at Tarker R., and regulate the contest fire of the shoals of anger. Charley Kussell would poj) up iu the body of the house, inject a few of his soda ideas into the general air, and then subside in favor of Nick Keyou — he of few words. If the tight touched tlie laying out of Valley street, or in any other way the expendi- ture f>f public numey, then was the battle fierce, especially from the right, where for many years lived the economical statesmen. Do you remember those men and those days? Yes! Well, the days were ones of prosperity, and the men such as safely build communities. James M. Usher was a striking example of a self-made man; Thomas Harlow, a scholarly credit to any community; John Ayers, a conservative in whom nu'u trusted. Those were good days, and n(jw, as an echo from the old standard bearers, we hear, as a voice vote on the question of having a celebra- tion of our two hundred and seventy-fiftli anniversary, such a roar of ayes as causes the pantheon to rock on its foundation, even though there be in it tw-enty-one aldermen of weighty brain power. Again we hear the old crew shout — even Alfred Stephens, Taylor Tay and Alvah Cotton: " Town meetings are the safest municii)al tribunals! " In the old political days we had some lu)t tights, in wliich blow's were not placed with such finesse as comes in the pol- ished line of our unequalled Brother Fay. Then we "fit" and liealed up after- wards. Xow, our hands are often gloved and our fists greased; that is, we have heard of such careful handling of politi- cal opponents. To settle the question, just watch the city committee. They fight by the latest rules, at all times. This section was suggested by friends who came up from the air around Taint cr street. First came Dennis McCilliciuldy, he who knew politic* fnpm A to /.. both ways, and was one of Medford's history makers. Then came Peter and John Dona- hue, men who took pride in our louii, and did work bringing credit to tlic com- munity. Those men "fit" in oui' idd political battles, and, win or lose, kept up the fight because each season brought new issues. Dennis, above named, could sing, and tlius ran a part of one of jiis victorious liymiis: — " We Avere slandinj^ foot to loot, and jiiving shoot for shoot ; Hot and stronj^ went our volleys at the l)lue; We knelt, but not for j;rac-(% and the fuse lit up the face Of the gunner, as the rountl shot l)y us tlew. O, the bugle it blew loud, the shot drove in a cloud. And the l)ayouets of the boys were at play ; The old colonel, putting fust, was aliuost like to bust. With shouting, ' Faugh a ballagh ! clear the way !' " That "s the real song, and John Crowley will back up the statement. Thomas R. Peck, manufacturer of hats, fii'c warden, stately gentlemen. He comes up from the Turnpike, a picture of old days never to be forgotten, a pleasant re- minder of business and social honor. Quietly up Salem street, greeting all he meets with a smile and kind words, comes Dennis Dyer, one of our earliest citizens after the town became an embroyo city. Mr. Dwyer was a man of high ideals and strong purposes; never an active politi- cian, but always a citizen in whom men trusted. His sons bear evidence to his and their mf)ther's forceful character. What "s that noise over the bridge V Music ! Sure 's your born it is, and, — yes — that^s Charley Dyer beating the dritm. Heigho ! It 's the old Medford Band ! Walter Emerson, Big Lewis and all ! Be- hind them comes Captain Charles Currier at the head fif a regiment of men we have known. There's Brother Wilkinson, slow of speecli. but quick at making a good picture; .1. II. An-hibald, ever on the square; Jim Hathaway, whose knives were sta)ile goods wherever known. There's .lotham Slctsciii marking time with Joseph .lames while Andrew Butters and Hugh Campbell exchange fish stories. There's longman (Jiddthwaite searching for a penny in the grass, while Xed Man- ning passes lemonade along the halting line. Fred Harlow and Dutchey Coleman are marching along at a lively gait, the former being in haste to get a sketch of Jones Emerson, who, in Betsey Baker's old chaise is joining the advance guard. There 's a man with a canoe on his head; oh — yes. He's the rentice strike fif " Pure Vermont'' labels. Edward Hooper, Charles Hooper, Edwin Hooi)er;yes, and Samuel Cu.shing the etherial; there they ccmie. There's Henry Hastings telling Ha rryBradleeabout the time when Ceorge Porter was foreman of a hose company and fell through Jim Usher's floor. Then there's Brickyard Buzzel and Captain Bully Redman — all good men and true — there — they've turned in at iietsey Baker's — ah. mc! Xow comes James Bean, (iorist-mer- chant. He was a qu:iinl chaiadci- in many ways, but always helpful, whether in church, political, social, or business affairs. Pyam Cushing! Tliere was as concrete a character as ever lived in Medford. You all knew him, the dealer in coals, etc \\ liere the path turns north around the lawn west of City Hall anne.x, was a small, ancient building wherein II. X. Peak used to barber and sell papers. Other sorts of sells came there later when the shiqi became the "Reading Room." and was tenanted by the story-tellers who. always truthful, were presided .imt by Honorable Daiuel Lawrence, and iiuhuled such congenial spirits as Colonel Higelow, John P. Perry and .Tohn Russidl. Daniel Lawrence was a first citizen to whom young men may wisely look for an example of thrift, courage, honesty and patience. He could spin a yarn, and did, once in a while. tJne, in which I). W. fig- ured, he told with increasiiig mirth as the years drew him on to tlie eternal rest. That story referred to a Sunday when I). W. was very anxious to attenil church. Jlerely by accident, of course, fishing was excellent, that day, and, again by acci- dent, D. W. didn't go to church. The re- sult came at dinner time, ■when the father, wishing to encourage the son in good ways, asked him what the text was. Pos- sibly D. W. used that text for bait; in any event, he couldn't rc|icat it. Tlic father, with one of his merry winks said to the son: "I didn't see you in church, my boy, therefore it is safe to say you got there after the service was over." MEDFOin), PAST AND PRESENT ilnw tliatnkl ••^licadinj; Uimhh " itIioimI iiinn.u.s. Ui-otluT Xedwasa niinlel fanner tln-imoli hjs s|iih-s which was at imc(> at- ti) the iuniioent yarns of the '■ regulars"! and his stock gave milk and eggs for many traeting and liiiiiiorinis. And a number Squire I'erry was tlie original of that people who had not their cash value. ""*' at Moyds. like liis sjiips, was this episode in Simpson's Tavern wlieriGen- Tales about him and the rhilistines,about eitizen. eral George fouuda boarder in bed with a him and the Samaritans, and other Hibli- P'rom _North and Soutli and all around funeral subject. He was a thrifty citizen cal parties, might be told to the extent of come tliose we have known in Medford, who served in town ofUc-e many years. many chapters. J£r. Hastings was sucli a all saying : " Tell the folks I believe in the .lolui Russell, an old time builder of man as friends never forget. celebration." Had we a year to devote to liouses, was a cjuict num. Iliriftyand sin- Siieaking about the Bible leads to a tfie record, we might begin to tell of all '•ere. welcome thought about Father Donnelly, those men who have jiassed on. We might Wlicn tluMild jioliiical |iot liolled, How- He was priest,nianandfriend, — adisciple tell of our friend George Nichols' many ard Sawyer goi di.wn |u business; a in whom the Master's spirit abounded, noble traits of character; about Brothers square man lie was; anil, wit li . I. Iliiward Now comes Father GiUigaii, our w;irin Butters, X(n-they, PaliiiiT and Sprague. VViggin, also fi-oiu the sunset end ucli deep shadows on the western slopes, we turn more often to them and seek the strength coming from their example. May those who cele- brate our next anniversary turn with ilen whom we have known! As the sun equal pride to us. I'KOPOSED CARNE(ilE LIliUARY HUILDLVG, FOR TUFTS COLT.KGE Medford's Public Benefadions MEDFORD HOME FOR AGKl) MEN AM) WOMEN Medford Home for Aged Men and W^omen Fur many ycai's it had l)t:'en the earnest desire of a few iiliilanthroiiio ladies to establish in Jledford a home for aged men and women. Means were taken to ascertain if a sufficient number of people were interested to guarantee its success. I''ive citizens gave five hundred dollars each; lithers subscribed sums ranging from one dollar to two hun(lre add to the many ex- MKDFdUlK PAST AM) I'UKsKXT penses incidental to sickness that of a trained nurse, would most gratefully pay a small sum for skillful service once or twice a day, a sujiposition that lias proved true. The nurses' attendance can be oli- tained by applying to any physician ot tlie city, or to a member of the board of management, the visits always witlioiit cost to those unable to pay; but in con- ditions where it is possible, it is consid- cr'cd best for all concernewn lie- low the Jleiiotoiuy Itiver. 'riiis hit- ler is now known as Ali'wil'e lirook. .lusl aei'oss llie I ir-ook were corn mills, anil the eounlry road from (.'amlii-idiJc' imssed over the rivi'r northwaril crossins; the "way to the wean'" toward "Ohorn." South of Hiu-h street; this has lony heen >an to be sjioki'n of as the West Knd, the Kast ICml. and tlie t'entre, in connection with the sulijc-ct of schools. The western section liasusnally lii'crr lorr- sidered to be that west of Winllir-oi. Sqtrar-e. Within this terr-itory the meeting- houses were, the first and secoml. thelirst sidioolliouse, the tavern, the town iiouiul, several mills and hri<'kyar(ls,anda f^'oodly nunrher of the dwellinfjs. lon<; since r-e- moved and forgotten. Through the entiiv length of Iliuir street, galloped Revere, and close after him went the nrinute men toward Lex- iirglon. Returning, they were refresheilat tlie Brooks" farm, and over the sanre road they brought William I'oUy, tlieir- wounded comrade, lioirre to ilie. Ill 1802, the Middlesex Canal was birilt for neaidy two miles througli the West Knd, having a lock landing ami tavern here, and was used for lifty years. In 18:;-t-:i") tlie IJoston and Lowell Railway came, revolutionizing the mode of travel ami the carrying trade, ami sowing the seeils of future progress. The ship build- ing interest wa.s served by the new mode ( pf carriage as well as by the (dd waterway, and gi-eat piles of ship timber were un- loaderr the site ol this w as brrilt a new hoirse of lir-ick. irr 1S12. and as such was used till 18."i2, when the iirstil ril iorr was r-emoved lo tlie rrew ly (-onstrircted house on I'ui-- cliase str-eet. The liirilding ami land having been sold liy the towrr. it was entirely i-emodeled in 18.")4, ami with the Mystic Hall build- ing erei-ted in 18.")2, and the large mansion hoirse on High street adjoining the hall, w:is used for sevei-al years as a Young- Ladies' .Seniinar-y. This had an e.xtensive patronage, ami was irrrder the dir-ection of Mrs. Kliza Smith, and in 18.")!) the scl 1 was removed to Washington, I).C. A tire in 18(i4 destroyed all the houses between Mystic Hall and the river on the left of High street, and but one on the right. In 18GG, the house occupied by .John Duane was built, and his florists' business established in the greenhou.ses recently denrolished. Somewheie along this road, in the early part of the last century, lived the last couple of liberated slaves. Sulk and Lucy. In the old times thei-e wei-e slaves in the households of Jledford. A little way irp Grove streetstill stands tile brick wall built by I'oinp. (the slave of Thoirras Brooks) in frorrt of his master's residerree. This was torn down in the lifties and the stone mansion hiiill on the hill top. but I'ornp's handiwork si ill reniains. after one huiuli-ed and twenty-live years. In 184."), the ti-ai-t of land lying eastward from the i-ailway, and both sides of High street was laid out in house lots, and nu- merous elms wereplanted along its streets which have now attained great size and beauty. Writing in 18.")."), Mr. Brooks, Med" ford's historian, said, that in nitre years thirty-live houses had been bitilt upon this tract. As during the last thirty-tive years, but two have been demolished, orre destroyed by fire, and one removed, these thirty-tive may be easily located, and in- dicate that uji to 184."), the dwellings of the West End were almost eritir-ely along- High street with orre or- two oir Wobiri-ri street. In 18.">1. the little village was well nigh willed oril by the desti-nctive visita- tion of the gr-eat tornado. Tw o new liouses were entii-ely destroyed, others )iartially so, and one nran fatally injured, w Idle oi-ehards and fences wer-e upi-ooted and carried away. In 18.")2, that tei-ritor-y lying west of the railroad and south of High street, was also plotted by T. V. Sntith. The Middle- sex Canal had just been discontinued, and its lock and aipieduet across the MEBFOTiT), PAST ANT> PRESENT river were, for nearly twenty years after, ])k-tiiresque ruins. Eight houses were built upon tliis traet, anil a few trees lilanteil, when the death of Mr. Smith bronchi tlie enterprise to a standstill, and it thus remained till the spring of ISTo. when ihi' properly, having passed into (Jther ownership, building oijera- tions were begun anew. In 1832, a social organization called the "West Wedford Lyceum and Literary Association" was fornieil. and a post oIKce was established. With the building of Purchase (now Winllirnp) street, the distance to Woburn was shortened, and a more level road ob- tained. This made Woburn street still more, what it was long ago called, a ■■country road,'" while the business of Medford (■i>nci'ntr;Ued near Mcdfiu'd Square. 1 The lirst west district schoolhouse (destroyed by the tornado) had given place to a new one, made needful by the building of the thirty-five houses alluded to; and in 'Ch, with remarkable foresight, an ampli' lot was secured and a larger one built, partly Unished inside, with vacant rooms and hall. The lyceum had provided for social and literary needs, while the worshipful thought found local expr<'ssion in the .Methodistclass meeting and the mothers' meetings of '()4, and these leading to the organization of a Sabbath sch.wd in Mystic Hall in ISCm, and a Sunday preaching service in lsr,s. Both these religious efforts were unde- nominational, or union, as sometimes caUed, serving well their purposes, till, in 1S7-2, two cluirches were organizeil, and pr.>ceeded at once to erect houses of worship. These were Trinity Methodist Kpiscopal, April 1, 1872, and West Med- ford Congregational, June 12, 1872. In 188!), a Universalist .society was fornuid,andworshiiiped in MysticIIall till 18'.)1, when it discontiiuicd services and gave up its (U-ganization. In 1891, a primitive Methodist churdi was organizeil and continued till 18'.t:'., holding its services In Pierce's Hall. In 1891), the West Medford P.apti.st Church, after several months of ptiblic meetings in Mystic Uall, made organization and erected their tasteful house of worship, and was so(ni followed by the Shiloh Uaptists, whose modest chapel was dedi- cated in December, 1899. The Roman Cath- olics for several years have had service.s, first a Sabbath school, and later a service in llolton Uall, and now are a distinct parish known, since March, VM'i, as St. Piaphacl's. Contract is already awarded for the erection of a new <-hurch edifice on High street. It will be noticed that the churches lirst formed and which have outgrown their first houses, were of the same order of those located beyond Medford Square; while those situated nearer Winthrop Square remained, until the present year, the only ones of their denomination in the city. This tended to increase the individ- uality of West Medford. So, in 1884, there developed a strong desire to become a town. Efforts were made in that direction, ami lacked but few votes in the next (General Court of being successful. The following year the eft'ort was renewed. Meanwhile the outlying districts atother parts of the town had grown. Old Medford had wakened, and by its growth had reached the requisite number of inhabi- tants at which a city charter might be obtained. The petitioners had "leave to withdraw." This they did gracefully. Those most enthusiastic in favor of sep- aration, though regretting that it came not to be a fact, in loyalty to the jirinci- ples of good citizenship, i-ejoice in all that makes for the prosjjerity of the whole city, and give their best endeavor for its accomplishment. The West end is a residential section. In 1870, it had but one store, a grocery, then but a few years established. At the present writing there are nearly forty. Mattresses on which quiet slumbers may be had are made liere, anil granite doni-ste|is for the houses of the living, and toudtstones and monuments for the dead, are also made, and havebeenfor fifty years. Two livery and boarding stables supply good teams, and if your auto gets cranky and refuses to move, that can be made to do so just off from High street. These, and the various tradesmen that build the dwellings and keep them in re- pair, form the local business contingent, therefore West Medford is residential. Men go elsewhere (and women, too) to toil and accumulate, and return licre to enjoy the results of their labor — to live. The steam railway, whose equiji- ment and service would astonish its pro- jectors could they return to it, and the two divisions of the great electric system make this |iossible. (iood roads, well kept, occupy the place of the ancient ways, and new ones are opened as occa- sion requires. Take a stroll on Allston street, and ascend the hill, — the "Mystic Mount" of fifty years ago. "Hastings Heights" is the official name it now bears. Walk slowly, save your breath, and take in the scene. Walk up the steps, or take the easier path around. There is the old flag- staff, a mast of a Medford-built ship, after traversing many seas, and located once in Old Medford, then again near Mystic Hall, for over thirty-five years has stood here on good foundation, the solid rock, and bears aloft the bird o' freedom and Old (ilory. Now asceiul the stone tower and look, and what a cyclorania is about you, only rivalled in Medford by that from the Lawrence tower. Northward stretch the Fells, an unbroken sea of foliage, and the nearer hills of our own northern boumlary, in whose valley and on whose wooded sloi)e is the silent city — Oak Grove. Heyond is the tapering spire and glistening cross of Winchester Church. Westward, the Mystic lakes, and the wooded hills beyond, stretching away to the heights of Arlington, across the val- ley up which the British marched once and back again. Trace its course by the smoke of the locomotive as it climbs the hills. Soutlnvard and toward the east, spire after sjiire, the gilded dome of the State House, and the granite shaft of Bunker Hill, and the lofty chimneys, and the long bridges. On Medford's southern border, and overlapping a little into Som- erville, the growing cluster of Tufts Col- lege buildings. Now follow the course of the Mystic, encircling the west end. Since time began, its waters have restlessly flowed both ways, and for years have borne away the many ships built upon its banks. Ere long it will be said of it: "There shall be no more sea," and the tides will conu' im more. I!ut broader, deeper and more beautiful will it be when the work of the Park Commission, already begun, shall have been completed. Below, on every side, lies the subject of our sketch, grown in thirty-five years from a village of less than one hundred houses, with a jiossible population of five hundred, to well nigh five thou.sand at the present view. Seen from this vantage point, it may well be called the Forest City. ( )u this anniversary day it is a wav- ing mass of green, in which many of the residences and streets are hidden. Of the various churches, only the great oiien tower and shining cross of Trinity is vis- ible. Where once the canal boats crejit slowly along, the trolley car moves rap- idly, but goes notbeneath the granite arch built eighty-five years ago and still pre- served on the Brooks estate. Instead, it turns and follows the route of Paul Re- MEDFOJiJ). PAST AND PHESENT were, covering a distance in t«o Imuis that the eanal required all day to do. Soon after that bridge was bnilt, its owner, Mr. Brooks, planted tlic trees in the triangular park between Grove and High .streets, and enclosed it with a sub- stantial fence, — the beginning of the park system. Through his estate and those of the other Brooks families ex- tends Grove street toward and into Win- chester, terminating at S.yninies' corner, where was the Le Bosquet House, the birthplace of Governor Brooks. After passing the Brooks mansion (erected in 1802), the sidewalk disap- pears and the stone walls on either side are vine-covered, and the roadway bor- dered with turf and shrub for the entire distance, — a beautiful drive, with broad fields on either side, and sloping gently away to the lake and parkway. No more beautiful view can be found than that seen by looking across the Mystic Upper Lake, but possibly equalled by a look back from the other side toward this. Walk around the stone railway station, built in 1885, the first of the new ones of this division, and unique in design. Stroll along High street and note the spreading elms that arch the way, and bless the foresight of the planters of them. The church and the schoolhouse are near to- gether as of olurn road. Grove street. But no trees are in the triangle, and here none are needed. The three great sycamores before the house lean well for- ward and reaih their long arms in loving shade across the street. More than si.xty years the busy travel has been diverted, but the trees have kept on growing hence all along the way; and to-day no pleas- anter location can be found for homes retired and beautiful. But these are not the only streets; they are but the main artery and outer circle of a net-work of well lighted and shady ways in this homelike section of Med- ford. Ft)r while the West End has its fra- ternal orders and Neighborhood Club, as well as the various church societies, it is an aggregation of homes ; conipa ratively few houses being double, and apartment houses fewer still. But what of the people that have made it what it is? According to the average of human life the schocd children of to-day that throng our streets and schoolhouses are the eighth generation from .John Win- throp's time, .June 17, Itjoll. Of the earliest ones we know Imt little in detail, and that gathereHH'slends. A little later, and from the annual im- ports of our towns, we may gatlicr meagre facts, and read between the lines. Some of the old names and old-fashioned fami" lies remain, but the great majority are new. Truly the fashion of this world changeth. The [lious deacon. .Inlm Whitman, wlio once livi'd on High street, where the Ferguson Building now is, has none to bear his name here ; the great elm tree is gone, only the brook near by, and that even in danger of losing its identity in the Playstead. The same location for the last fifty years has been associated w ith the name of Usher. His name was given to the bridge at Harvard avenue, and later to one of the new streets near by, as also Mr. Brooks to another and to the scho(d in '.jl. There is Hastings Park, a Wyman street, a Gleason School and street, and a Hall School. Aside from these, no family names are thus ai>proi)riated for our daily use and remembrance. A few names are memorialized upon the windows of the Jlethodist Episcojial and Baptist churches, but unless the church records are exi>licit, after a few years the question will be vaiidy asked, " Who were these men and women? " Perchance the answer may be given : "No one bears the name here now; they were remembered thus becau.se of their interest and labors for the church." So has it been during the history of the city from the earliest time. Thomas Willis, who gave the land for tlic lirst meeting house, .John Brad- shaw, Timothy Wheeler, and later the various Brooks', and as the years have come and gone and with them the peo- ple, eacli has added to the effort in the march of progress, making the city what it is to-day. During the last fifty years, and esjie- cially the last thirty-five, has been the remarkable growth of the West End, and of the whide city as well. It is time the liistory of Jledford was rewritten; be- ginning where the Reverend Charles Brooks left it, and correcting a few errors in that, now known to exist, and bringing it in completeness to the present time, a period of fifty years. When this shall be done, it will be seen what tlie Meadford, ■• up thi' Mistick lliver six miles." of li).;ii, .lune IT, has grown unto. Let us hope that those of to-day who celebrali' the two hundred and seventy-fifth return i.f our city's natal day, that shall witness the tercentemiial, may find the West End the dwelling place of a (iod serving, nuiii loving, and law abiding people. MKDFOlllK PAST AND PRESENT BENJAMIN F. HAYES DANIEL \V. LAWRENald was chosen, with re-elec- tions ever since. George B. Green has been treasurer since 1S6S; Reverend H. 0. De Long has been chaplain since 187S. Progress in all that makes for goo ! Lorenzo L. Green, most eminent high membership, stability and exalted Masonry characterizes this Chapter. The officers installed January, 1905, were: priest; Frederick A. Folsom, king; William G. Taylor. scTibe; George B. Green, treasurer; Charles D. Archibald, secretary; Henry C. De Long, chaplain; George H. Archibald, captain of host; Fred R. Charnock, principal sojourner; Herbert A. Sullivan, royal arch cap- tain; Clifton Loring. master third veil; Thomas Jackson, master second veil; Leonard B. Allen, master first veil; Arthur Clifford, senior steward; Arthur Partridge, junior steward; Harry J. Newhall, tyler; Edward Brown, junior, organist; S. C. Lawrence. D. W. La,w- rence, J. Gilman Waite. trustees of permanent fund. In the Medford Council, Royal and Select Masters. Masonry as an organ- ized body reaches its zenith. Medford Council is and always has been a credit to cryptic Masonry. It is the next step in the ancient craft, of which the blue lodge and chapter are beginners and forerunners. Their charter was granted December 8,' 1869, to the following charter mem- bers; Benjamin A. Hersey. Nehemiah T. Merritt. D. W. Laiwrence, James P. Richardson, Alfred Haskell, S. C. Law- rence. David Simpson. S. B. Harring- ton, Henry C. Miller, Charles E. Joyce. L. F. Brooks. P. R. Litchfield and Louis H. Fisher. The council was constituted and dedicated January 7, 1870, by Most Puissant Grand Master Charles E. Powers, when the following officers were installed: Benjamin A. Hersey. thrice illustrious master; Nehemiah T. Merritt, deputy master; Alfred Has- kell, principal conductor of work; David Simpson, master of ceremonies; George B. Green, treasurer; Parker R. Litchfield, recorder; James P. Richard- son, captain of guard; William A. Webbe, conductor of council; Joseph Kelley, steward; Benjamin Paoe, sen- tinel. The chief officers have been: Ben- jamin A. Hersey, Alfred Haskell, Alvin R. Reed. James S, Sturtevant. Bernard II. W. IXIRH Boon. Charles A. T. Bloom. Samuel G. Jepson. W. B. Lawrence, J. Fred Han- nah. Walter L. Hall, J. Gilman Waite, Oliver Whyte. Frank W. Garran. Alfred P. Vialle and Josiah E. Gates. George B. Green has been treasurer thirty- five years, and Charles D. Archibald has been recorder twenty-seven years. The present officers are: Calvin H. Clark, thrice illustrious master; J. C. B. GRKEN Miller, junior deputy master; Predd H. Thomas, principal conductor of work; George B. Green, treasurer; Charles D. Arc-hil>ald. recorder; J. B. Richmond, chaplain; G. H. Archibald, master of ceremonies; Adam Weir, captain of guard; D. F. Coughlin. conductor of council; Howard S. Hill, steward; Harry J. Newhall, sentinel. The mem- bership is about one hundred and fifty. Cradock Temple. No. 43, Rathborne Sisters, was instituted on Wednesday afternoon, March 15, 1905, in Odd Fel- lows' Hall, when seventeen sisters were obligated by officers of the Grand Tem- ple of Rathborne Sisters of Massachu- setts. In the evening a sumptuous supper was served, many guests being present from Lynn. Cambridge. Boston and ad- iacent cities. In the evening the fol- lon-ing were installed into office in an impressive manner, by Serena A. Ben- son, as Past Chief: Laura E. Jeffrey, most excellent chief: Lois A. iStevenson, excellent senior; Clara E. Gardner, excellent junior; Mabel C. Smardon, manager; Lillian G. Carpenter, mistress of rec- ords and correspondence; Frances W. Mills, mistress of finance; Anna M. Johnson, protector; Irena Angus, guard; Mary J. Tobin. Emma Alden, Mabel Smardon were elected trustees, and Mary A. Le Cain, representative to the Grand Temple of Massachusetts. Two members were initiated by the degree staff of St. Omer Temple of Cambridge. Fifteen members of the Knights of i^^ythias were made members. Middlesex Chapter. 64, Order Eastern Star, a Masonic order, meets in Odd Fellows' Hall, West Medford. the first and third Tuesdays of each month. It was organized November 8, 1898, and constituted May 9, 1899. The officers are: Gertrude C. Wilson, worthy matron; Robert F. Rogers, worthy patron; Mrs. Mima D. Smart, associate matron; Mrs. Lizzie S. Harlow, secretary; Albert A. Wilson, treasurer; Mrs. Lillian G. Ober. conductress; Mrs. Ella \. Shedd, associate conductress; past matron. .Mrs. Frances H. Foster, chaplain; past matron. Miss Bessie L. Kent, marshal: .Mrs. Adelaide B. Morss. pianist; Star Points: Mrs. Florence C. Cutter, Adah; Mrs. Louise H. Grimes. Ruth; Miss ;Susie L. Rogers, Esther; Mrs. Jessie K. Chute. Martha; Mrs. Emma W. Dame. Electra; Mrs. Carrie B. Menchin. warder, and Charles E. Hall, sentinel. Past matrons are: Mrs. Frances H. MEDFOUI), PAST AS/) PUKsI^JST Foster, Mrs. Emma P. Cummings, Mrs. Harrietts H. Kent. Miss Bessie L. Kent, Mrs. Mary E. Judlvius and Mrs. Estella J. Lane. Past patrons are: Henry W. Foster, Edward P. Kent, Cliarles A. Hearsey, George D. Cummings. William G. Tay- lor and Albert A. Wilson. Odd Fellows A. F. K. llA.slvEIil, Odd Fellowship has for many years appealed to the interests of Medford men, and the city includes among its citizens a great number who are mem- bers of lodges and higher branches of the order, here and elsewhere. Harmony Lodge, in Medford proper, is piosperous and living up to its ideals of fraternity and beneficence. It was instituted April 4, 1845, and held meet- ings in a, hall of the Boston & Maine station. At a later date the charter was surrendered to the Grand Lodge, and Odd Fellowship in Medford lapsed until 1874, when Alvah N. Cotton, W. H. Northey, A. M. Robinson, J. W. Robinson, George L. Berg, H. T. Wood, James Duryea, L. W. Cummings, Wil- bur Tolman and John M. Keyon. all members of the old lodge, applied for a new charter. Their request was granted and the Lodge re-created by its institution March 13, 1874, with Alvah N. Cotton as noble grand. The Lodge has flour- ished ever since, been true to its prin- ciple.s, and by its fraternal spirit has held the esteem of sister lodges. In April. 1902, the Lodge celebrated its twenty-eighth anniversary by music, speeches and an excellent exemplfica- tion of the first degree, in the presence of about two hundrd and fifty guests, including large delegations from other lodges. The officers serving until July, 190.^. are: Noble grand, A. F. F. Haskell; vice grand, F. W. Thorpe; recording secretary, G. W. Lovering; financial secretary, J. S. Rogers; treasurer, J. F. W. Ames; chaplain, L. F. Cole; war- den, 0. C. Parker; conductor, W. B. Scrannage; outside guardian, F. M. Hathaway; inside guardian, A. Antro- bus; right supporter noble grand, A. N. Newman; left supporter noble gi'and, E. P. Randall; right supporter vice grand, E. Glawson; left supporter vice grand, R. Roupe; right scene sup- porter, Henry Sterling; left scene sup- porter, J. D. Stanley. The lodge meets Mondays in Odd Fellows' Hall, 10 High street. Mount Vernon Lodge, No. 186, I. 0. O. F.. at West Medford, was instituted September 4, 1878, by Albert W. Fes- senden. M. W. grand master, assisted by W, W. Gardner, D. G. M.; E. Dana Bancroft, as grand warden; Charles D. Cole, grand secretary; Julius L. Clark, grand treasurer; E. A. Spaulding, grand marshal, and E. D. Layton, as grand guide. The charter members were George D. Booker, Amos B. Morss, Charles W. Macy, George B. Sinclair, William H. Babb and John iS. Parker. One brother was admitted by card, and the follow- ing oflicers were elected and installed: Amos B. Morss, noble grand; Charles W. Macy, vice grand; William H. Babb, secretary, and Fred F. Gage, treasurer. During the evening twenty-six candi- dates were initiated, the work being done by Howard Lodge. No. 22, of Charlestown. The lodge was presented with a fine Bible by Hairmony Lodge of Medford, and a seal by Paul Revere Lodge of Somerville. The Lodge grew gradually until 1881, when enthusiasm waned, almost dis- couraging the few who were most active. In 1886 a revival of interest was felt and there has been great prog- ress up to the present day. For many years the lodge room was in the old Usher block, but on the completion of the Holton building the lodge moved into a hall especially fitted for them in commodious manner, on Harvard ave- nue. On their twenty-fifth anniversary Mount Vernon Lodge celebrated by a reunion, when an entertainment was provided, reminiscences were related and a collation served. Fraternity has been one of the strong points of the Lodge, and it is known also for the creditable manner in which the degrees are invariably worked. Amos B. Morss is the only remaining charter member who attends meetings regularly. Meetings are held Wednes- day evenings. The present officers, who serve until July, 190.5, are; Olonzo A. Gamage, noble grand; Robert A. Rogers, vice grand; Harry W. Rock wood, secretary; Cuthbert H. Lowell, financial secre- tary; Nahum E. Wilber, treasurer; George H. Walkling, warden; Alexan- der R. Johnston, conductor; William S. Smith, outside guardian; John L. Tutten, inside guardian; Charles L. Russell, right supporter noble grand; Frank A. Oxnard, left supporter noble grand; George W. Rockwood. right supporter vice grand; Jeremiah M. Clark, left supporter vice grand; Mor- timer E. Wilber, chaplain. Mystic Encampment, No. 81, I. O. 0. F., is but a little over nine years of age. having been instituted April 30. 1S96. Its first officers were: Chief pa- triarch, William Leavens; high priest. Charles L. Fitzhenry; senior warden. Charles A. Hearsey; junior warden, William F. Kreuger; scribe, George W. Lovering; treasurer, Albert P. Ames; outside sentinel, Charles H. Walley; inside sentinel, W. S. Richmond; guide, G. B. F. Maxwell; watches, W. E. Ober, A. R. Brooks, L. E. Parsons, C. R. Worth; high priest guards, G. W. Aus- tin and B. Gowing. The encampment has a large and in- creasing membership of those Odd Fel- lows who desire a higher insight into the principles of the order. Meetings are held the second and fourth Fridays of each month in Odd Fellows' Hall, Medford. In January, 1905, the present oiflcers were installed, as follows: Chief patri- arch, Charles A. Ptiillips; high priest, John F. W. Ames: senior warden, Ed- ward P. Randall; .iunior warden, Frank E. Brackett; scribe, Albert N. New- man: treasurer, Myron G. Curtis; out- side sentinel, Charles H. Walley; in- side sentinel. C. E. Berry; watches, T. E. Rackcliffe. Frank P. Pierce, Frank A. Barrows, William S. Richards, Jr.; first G. of T.. Warren B. Scrannage; second G. of T.. Oliver C. Parker. Mystic Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., M. U., was instituted February 2, 1904. in Odd Fel- lows' Hall, after a series of public meetings. The charter list numbered sixty-nine. Provincial Grand Master Joseph N. Hanaford, of New Bedford, and Pro- vincial Corresponding Sewetary James W. Gregg, of Lowell, officiated and in- stalled these officers: Noble grand, Al- bert H. Tainter; vice grand, Osman Melendy; permanent secretary, Frank S. Cowperthwaite; elective secretary, A. H. Witham; treasurer, Arthur T. Lioomis; supporters noble grand, C. Newcomb and G. A. Thomas; support- ers vice grand, F. W. Mills and J. I. Fisher; scene supporters, W. N. Lon- don and G. Carpenter; warden, S. G. Kennedy; conductor, A. Smith; inside guardian, F. W. Blake; outside guard- ian, H. W. Heaton; chaplain, F. W. Lambert. The officers installed last January were: Noble grand, Hugh G. Kennedy; vice grand, Walter N. London; G. M., Edward R. Wharton; permanent sec- retary, Charles A. Hardy; elective sec- retary, Arthur K. Hooker; treasurer, Arthur T. Loomis; right supporter noble grand, F. C. Smajley; left sup- porter noble grand, Warren L. Faulk- ner; right supporter vice grand, Frank H. Culley; left supporter vice grand, Frederick D. Reed; L. M. and C, Wil- liam H. Stevens; warden, Francis George; conductor, George L. Poland; inside guajdian, Harry Masterson. Meetings are held first and third Tues- days of each month, in Odd Fellows' Hall. Elks Although but little over a year in existence, Medford lodge, No. 915, Benevolent Order of Elks, is a most lively organization and includes many of the men most prominent in public life. The lodge was instituted May 27, 1904, with sixty-seven charter mem- bers. The first officers were: Charles A. Phillips, exalted ruler; Edward W. Mitchell, esteemed leading knight; W. F. Leahy, esteemed loyal knight; Jas C. D. Clark, esteemed lecturing knight; F. N. Beals, secretary; J. F. Reagan, treasurer; L. G. Braydon, tyler; F. W. Gow, inner guard; J. H. Gowing, esquire; Andrew F. Curtin, P. F. Gahan, W. H. Bacheller, trustees. Those in office now are: Edward W. Mitchell, exalted ruler; William F. L^eahy, esteemed leading laiight; Louis G. Bragdon, esteemed loyal knight; Fred W. Gow, esteemed lectur- ing knight; Charles A. Phillips, secre- -VEDFORn. PAST AND PRESENT tary; J. F. Reagan, treasurer; James H. Gowing, esquire; Dennis M. Sween- ey, tyler; Michael F. Dwyer, chaplain: Wallace J. Wood, inner guard; Arthur T. Loomis, organist; Walter T. Burke. lodge physician. The present mem- bership is about 12.5, and meetings are the first and third Thursdays of each month in Odd Fellows' Hall. In April, 1905, the lodge held a benefit on a large scale which was a great success. Knights of Pythias Cradock I^odge, No. 104, was in- stituted August 16, 1893, with a mem- bership of twenty-three, and William N. Titus was elected the first chancel- lor commander. Allston P. Joyce was made past-chancellor. The lodge is in a thriving condition and much in- terest is shown at the meetings. The travelling shield of many of the lodges have vjsited this lodge which now numbers nearly one hundred. The following are the officers for the ensuing year: C. C, F. W. Lam- brot; V. C, H. L. Carpenter; P.. J. R. Smith; K. of R. and S., W. H. Tobin; M. of F., C. A. Benson; M. A.. J. E. Simpson; M. W., George Smardon; I G., John Glenn; O. G.. Robert Grady; M. E., A. H Tainter; representatives to the Grand Lodge, Allston P. Joyce and George Smardon. Meetings are held the first and third Wednesdays of each month. Trinity Lodge. No. 84, New England Order of Protection was instituted March 29. 1889, by D. D. S. Warden W. R. Fobes and suite, with these officers: P. W., Mrs. J. F. Hamblett: W., C. A. Grover; V W., S. G. Jepson: secre- tary. Mrs. H. W. Pierce; F. S.. C. E. Brigham; treasurer, H. W. Way; chap- lain. Miss Mary Jepson; guide. Frauk Hayden: guardian. J. F. Hamblett; sentinel. F. W. Smith. Meetings are held second and fourtli Wednesdays each month in G. A. R. hall. their ninth anniversary by an elab- orate banquet. The officers are: John F. Reagan, grand knight; J. H. O'Bri- en, financial secretary; C. J. Casey, recording secretary; Edward J. Con- nors, treasurer; P. Frank Ward, war- den: Michael S. Grady, chancellor; Frank Lewis, advocate; Andrew F. Curtiss, Edward J. Gaffey, John J. Mulkerin, trustees; Dr. W. J. Burke, physician. Royal Arcanum Medford Council, Royal Aj-canum was instituted May 31, 1878, and meets the second and fourth Friday even- ings in (irand Army Hall. The present officers, installed January 13. 1905, are: Regent, William H. Warren; vice re- gent. Charles W. McPherson; orator, Herbert L. B. Lawton; past regent; Horace C. Wight; secretary, George H. Wight; collector, Edward W. Hayes; treasurer, Charles W. Fowle; chaplain, Frederick W. Brigham: guide. James A. Barnes: warden, Frederick A. Co.s- grove; sentry. William Howe; trustee, three years. J. Henry Norcross. Knights of Honor Knights of Columbus Medford Council, Number 141, Knights of Columbus, was organized December 27, 1893, and meets the first and third Mondays of each month in their hall at Main street. It is very prosperous, has about one hun- dred and tiftv members, and celebrated Medford Lodge, 231, Knights of Honor, was instituted February 18, 1876, and meets The present officers are: Past dicta- tor. Samuel G. Jepson: dictator, James B. Ewell; vice-dictator, William P. Treet; assistant dictator, William Parry; chaplain, Calvin H. Clark; re- porter, Robert M. Spinney; financial reporter, Ira W. Hamlin; treasurer, Henry Parsons; guide, Edward F. Smith: sentinel, Charles H. Oliver. Mystic Lodge. 883. K. of H., was instituted February 7, 1878, with thir- ty-seven members to start with. The officers now are: Past dictator, Wil- liam J. Weeks; dictator. Franz Die- bold; assistant dictator, Artemas Poole; reporter, Amos B. Morss; fin- ancial reporter, Joseph N. Leach; treasurer. Joseph E. Ober; guide. Charles H. Parker; chaplain, J. Gordcm Kempton; guardian. William J. Cheney; sentinel, George H. Fuller; C. E. Finney, C. H. Parker, J. E. Ober, trustees. Charles F. Loring Council. R. A. of West Medford. was instituted April 13. 1892. Meetings are held second and fourth Fridays of each month in Odd mkdfohd. past axd puksext Fellows' hall. Harvard avenue. The officers are: Regent. Arthur N. Foque: vice regent, George W. Rockwood; past regent, Joseph M. Jost; secretary, Claire P. Sibley; treasurer, Harry L. Shaw; collector; Cuthbort H. Lowell; orator, Perez E. Martin; guide, E. P. Hall; chaplain, Harry Smith; warden. Harry E. Smart; sentry. Henry E. Gamester. Hibernians Division 4, Ancient Order of Hiber- nians was organized in August 1S95, and has now one hundred and twenty- five members, meeting the first Tues- day and third Sunday of each month at 2S Jfain street. It is the succes- sor of Division 14, which surrendered its charter several years ago. The tenth anniversary will be celebrated this year. OfHcers are: Frank M. Quinn, president; Peter J. Kelley, vice- president; Edward J. Gatfey, financial secretary; Charles T. Daly, recording secretary; Frank J. Dunn, treasurer; Patrick McKeon, sergeant-at-arms ; William Lawless, sentinel; Rev. P. T. Higgins, chaplain; Dr. Edward W. Barrett, physician. The ladies auxil- iary has for its president Mrs. John J. Crockwell. West Medford Reading Club One of the oldest organizations in Medford is the WEST MEDFORD READING CLUB, which held its first meeting December 5, 1877, at the resi- dence of Mr. and Mrs. David H Hrown, 10.1 Allston street, who with Mrs. P. D. Richards were most active in its organization. The membership was limited to twenty-five, and later to thirty. Dr. John L. Coffin was the first secretary, and Mr. Brown was chairman of the first executive com- mittee. As its object the club aimed to encourage the literary tastes and mental inprovenient of its members, and to strengthen their social life. Dis- cussions and papers covering a wide range of thought in literature, art, and science, history, sociology, industr.v, etc., ancient and modern. Special study has been made of special lines of progress. Meetings are held at the homes of members, on al(ernatin,g Tuesdays, from October to May. Of the charter list, Mr. and Mrs. D. H. Brown, Mrs. P. D. Richards, Mrs. L. L. Dame, Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Hobbs, and Miss Caroline E. Swift are the seven of the charter list whose interests have been maintained in the club. The club starts, in October, 1905, on its twenty-ninth year with a program of subjects on Japanese affairs, sociology, race questions, and philosophy. The executive committee is: Frederick V. Fuller, Miss Caroline E. Swift and George H. Folger. D. H. Brown is secretary, having succeeded Mrs. H. M. Wyatt, who served as such many years. Public Schools of Medford To tell of the public schools of Med- ford is to tell of strenuous effort, of faithful service, of integrity, of pub- lic devotion, of high-minded ambition, of all those civic virtues which are in- stilled into the minds of Medford boys and girls in the daily routine of school work. If the citizen of Medford is punctual and painstaking in duty, if he is loyal and conscienticius in serv- ice, if he is well-versed, not only in the letter, but in the spirit of knowl- edge and wisdom, it is because he has found his guidance and his inspi- ration in the Public Schools of Med- ford. If we should travel back away from the shriek of the steam engine, the whirr of the auto and the clang- clang of the electric car, back into the day before yesterday of Medford life, and try to get some vague idea JIEDFOKU HIGH SCHOOL of the schools of the little village, we should And small, unsightly school- houses, where the children were crowded together, sometimes nine little victims on one bench, children, who throve, however, in spite of the foul air of the over-heated, ill-venti- lated room, children who would have laughed to scorn the germ theory and the microbe theory, in the bliss of a blessed ignorance denied their more scientific descendants. Poor little school buildings! Not larger than the electric car which whirls through our streets, but large enough to hold in embryo the strong, forceful manhood and womanhood of the Medford of to- day. We cannot go back fully two hundred and seventy-five years in the history of our schools, for we find the first record no earlier than 1719, when the town voted "to hire some meet person to Iveep a writing school for three or four months in the winter season," a committee of seven men was chosen "to treat with some per- son to keep said school." The mys- tic number, "seven," worked no charm here for the committee failed to report and the writing school failed to materialize. However, later in the same year, on November oO, the town voted to keep a school for writing and reading three or four months during the ensuing winter and the name of Master Henry Davidson was reported for schoolmaster for three months at a salary of three pounds and his board, the money to be raised by tax- ation if not forthcoming by voluntary subscription. On February 22, 1720, the town voted to choose a committee 120 MliVFOlCl). /M.S7' Ayi) PRESENT LEONARD J. MANNING of five men to select a site for a schoolhouse to accommodate the whole town, but there is no record that such a building was ever erected. It is possible that the town grew so rapidly that one schoolhouse was found in- suflBcient for the accommodation of all its children. Be that as it may, the winter of the next year, 1721, two schools were established, one at the east end of the town, under Master Henry Davidson, and one at the west end under Master Caleb Brooks, and these are the first schoolmasters whose names appear on the records of the town of Medford previous to the Revolutionary war. These early schools that were to be built "to accommodate the whole town," meant only the boys of the town. The Medford fathers of 1720 and thereabouts, had an exalted opin- ion of the native graces and abilities of womanhood. A woman needed no education. She was, by nature, gifted with imagination, intuition, "mother- wit;" the girls of Medford were plenty good enough just as God made them and could not be improved by any foolish inventions sought out by man. The judgment of the Medford fathers was unimpeachable; the Med- ford girls were and are among the very best in the land, but in the year 1734 it was decided that the town might venture "to gild refined gold and paint the lily," for in that year the Medford girls were admitted to the Medford Public Schools on the same footing and with the same privileges as the Medford boys. No convulsions of Nature followed this daring innovation; there were no town feuds: there was no strife or division in family life, the whole ma- chinery of the body politic moved on without an additional creak and the 121 girls went to school and quietly took their places at the head of tlie class. After such a heroic change had been adopted it is not surprising to find that Medford schools made persistent if often slow advances as the years went by, keeping always well abreast of the best educational thought of the day. If the upward step was some- times halting, and the burden of ex- pense seemed to the taxpayers quite too heavy to be borne, the liberal party always eventually routed the conservative and proved to the peo- ple of Medford that every dollar spent on its public schools would be re- turned sooner or later in some form or other to the honor of Medford and to its material as well as intellec- tual well-being. And there came a time when Massachusetts awoke to a realization that New England pluck and New England courage and even New EngUuul iMiiiscieiu-f, did not give the sum total of a well-rounded character; that the sturdy granite must be beautified, brightened, adorned; that aesthetic training was just as needful for the proper devel- opment of the child as were the solid branches already pursued. And so music and drawing were introduced into the Massachusetts schools, not so much for the training of the voice or the training of the hand and eye; the appeal was made to the finer nature of the child; he was made to feel that beauty, imagination, senti- ment are not silly fancies unworthy a virile manhood, but that they are mighty underlying forces in the world's work. And Medford, foremost always among Massachusetts towns to recognize the needs of its school children, introduced music in 1S63 and drawing in 1872 into its public schools. And how the boys of forty years ago hated to sing! It was unmanly; it was effeminate; it was Miss Nancy- ish! Many a boy would rather take a flogging than have his voice tried in open court, and many of them did. The sons and grandsons of those Med- ford boys will help swell the chorus of joy and thanksgiving on Medford's two hundred and seventy-fifth anni- versary, for the charm of music has entered into their souls. Medford can claim no opera stars among its boys and girls, but it can claim sing- ers of rare ability and artists of world-wide fame, who received their first training in the public schools, and in whatever state or in whatever country they make their home there will the name of Medford be honored. More and more generally the opinion MEDFOIID, PAST AND PEESEXT is held among educators that the re- sponsibility of the child's training be- longs to the state, for It is the state that will claim his service in later years. The spasmodic and often un- scientific teaching of the home has been gradually supplanted by approved methods of education even in what be- longs strictly to home life. All the principal cities of Massachusetts— Medford among the rest— have intro- duced cooking and sewing into the school curriculum. The Medford girls are allowed to study Latin and Greek with the Medford boys, but they must never be allowed to forget that to keep the home in order and to pre- pare nutritious dishes on strictly scientific principles is the first, it not the whole, duty of woman. Towards the close of the last cen- tury a spirit of dissatisfaction and unrest prevailed in educational cir- cles and in business circles as well. It was claimed that the schools were not doing their full duty by the child; they were not fitting him for the real everyday work of the world, and throughout the land the cry arose for manual training schools. The hand as well as the brain must be trained, the "whole boy" must be sent to school. Never would a good, all- round citizen be sent out into the world until all of the faculties were educated. The American boy, with all his boasted inheritance of Ameri- can ingenuity, of Yankee ingenuity, was, after all, no match for the skilled artisan of Germany when he took his place beside him in the workshop. And so manual training schools sprang up all over the land and Medford, still keeping in the front rank of Massachusetts schools, in 1893 estab- lished a manual training school for the children of the eighth and ninth grades. The Kindergarten became a part of the Medford school organiza- tion in 1894, and now seven Kinder- gartens are supported by the city. Perhaps in no part of Medford's school system is the improvement so marked as in the education of the youngest children. In the early schools the poor little tots were kept steadily at work on the three R's, with no change or variety save the stated periods of recess, when the little girls walked sedately back and forth with arms around each other, and the little boys worked off their surplus energy in good, wholesome fights. What won- der that most of them learned to hate school, and that even the brightest minds were dulled by the treadmill routine in which they were kept by BROOKS SCHOOL faithful but untrained teachers! And what wonder that the Medford chil- dren of to-day love their schools and go not unwillingly "with shining morning face" to enjoy the songs and games, and marching, the paper weav- ing and bead stringing, the drawing and clay modelling and all the delight- ful variety of the daily school session. All this seems like play to the chil- dren and it would have seemed like play, and very silly play at that, to the primary teachers of Medford's early schools. But the little ones are being trained by this seeming play to a careful use of hand and eye, to a liabit nt quick perception and accuracy, a habit which their f>i'a'i I'UEtiENT 111 ' : *m "^Wl «ffll Tfl! fill" : III in 1 f! II III Ml 1 i mi •1 11 "^'li ,'' ' i - 1 f r':- 1 ■ 1 1 i-^ i nr ui(ii|W iia|U(iifl ^iipipi 111 nm 111 ran xn iiirei ai 111 Kflmi ,J^^i^ V^A^LCS & H01_X /^RCH X5. PROPOSED JAMES SCHOOL BUII.DINO A. Hervey, dear to every Medford teacher who enjoyed his informal visits and the originality of his sug- gestions, acted as supervisor of the Medford schools from 1873 to 1887. Dr. Kj)hraim Hunt served as Siijieiinteii- dent of Schools from 1887 to 18!).-). Ami in 1895 Mr. Charles H. Morss, the pres- ent Superintendent, took charge of the Medford schools. By his rare execu- tive ability and skill in organization he has gradually welded together the work of the different grades into one comprehensive system, increasing ma- terially the harmony and strength ut the schools. It is often claimed that sentiment is dead; that this is an age of ma- terialism, a prosaic age. It is not a prosaic age when we "sail under the sea, or through the air, talk through space and see through flesh and blood." It is not a prosaic age when things merely "dreamed" of in the "Arabian Nights" have become reali- ties. It is not a prosaic age when the mind and soul of the world expresses itself so grandly in the poetry of mo- tion. It is not a prosaic age when men are willing to take time from the cares of business and the rush and hurry of money-getting to pay loving tribute to Medford on the dawn of her two hundred and seventy-fifth birth- day. The Public Schools do not train the child of to-day for a prosaic age. They do not neglect to educate hand, eye, mind for the everyday work of the world, but they do more and better; they educate the soul of the child. Music, pictures, the best and noblest in literature and art, are his familiar friends feeding his imagina- tion and inspiring him with a love of the good and true and beautiful. Poetry and sentiment are not dead. The Public Schools will never let them die. And so long as the dear old world lives it will measure time by heart-beats, and "live in feelings, not in figures on a dial." 126 Medford, Old and New ]{y Allston p. Joyce increase in the number returned, ;il- though (luring the time which has elapsed since the date referred to the lerrilory ot the town was largely di- minished, the most serious loss being in the part set off when Winchester was incorporated in 1S5II. The growth of the town, as is invariably the case, developed sectionalism and in the ad- ministration of affairs, the carrying on I'f pulilic inipriiv<'iMcnts eri- ence of the highest order, and a native love for educational work; in fact he is, in a quiet way, au enthusiast on educa- tional lines: Reverend Henry C. DeLong, a peer among divines, a master among scholars, a citizen whose force is in every good thing: Honoralile .James A. Hervey, one fif the most scholarly men in tlie nation, thorough in all things; a man to whose life posterity will point for an example of thehighest type of citizenshiji. Medford is, and justly, proud of many components of its life. Of none is it more safely proud than of its Public Library. 130 Medford Railroad Accommodations 1!y MoliTIMKK E. WlT.liHK FRED E. <-HES [.AKK 1>A\ II) K. AK< illUAI.I EI.LsW ..Kill PrULIC travelfrom Medfci-d U> Hos- tnii, jirevidus to I80I. was by means of stage ciiaclies or private car- riages. In that year the Boston and Lowell Railroaid was surveyed through West Medford, partially in response to a petition in 18vi!l. The Middlesex Canal, however, was owned by men who little desired to see their enterprise rendered useless, so they strenuously ojniosed the idea of a railway by all the most ingen- ious arguments at their eommaml. In a report of legislative proceedings pub- lished Janviary '25. 1830, an Ipswich man was reported to have said: "Railways. Mr. Speaker, may ib. well enough in old countries, but will never l)e the thing tor so young a country as this. When you can make the rivers run back, it will be time enough to make a railway." Xi.t- withstanding the pathetic remonstrances of the canal proprietors, the projectors of till' new road persisted and secured a charter, dated|.Iune .5, 1830, bearing names of John F. Loring, Lemuel Pope, Isaac P. Davis, Kirk Hoot, Patrick T. .Jackson. George W. Lyman, and Daniel P. Parker. There were five directors, and one tlinu- saud shares were issued. Within twenty years thereafter the canal lost all patrnn- age. Its mission was over, and its owners sadly gave up. The cost of the railroad was enormousi as granite blf)cks were used beneath the rails, with the idea of greater durability to account for the great outlay. The con- tact of iron againststone showed the tolly of the experiment, as the rails, machinery of tile locomotives and cars wore out so rajiidly tliat wooden ties were substituted. There have been three stations at West Medford, first a small affair built 18:!."). now forming part uf a liouse near Pres- cott street: tile next was Iniilt about 18.")."), and the present unique structure, of stDUe. was built in 188."). Until 1881, the telegrapli in tlie station was used ex- clusively for railroad i)iirposes. In that year, on petition of prominent citizens, the general public were allowed to send telegraph messages. One of the first advertisements of the road, .lime I'T, 183."), reads as follows: "The cars will continue to run, till further notice, as at present, viz. : Leave Lowell at I) a.m. and !"_'.30 p.m. Leave I?i)ston at 9 a.m. and .").:!0 p.m. Xn baggage can be taken except what belongs to passengers. Allowance to each, forty pounds. As soon as burtlien cars can be provided, notice will be given tor the transportation of merchandise." Passengers were required to tell the con- ductor at which station they wished to stop, whereupon he would signal the en- ineertostopthe train at the iiroi)er place. The signal was a rnunddisk, which would be jprojected from the side of the train. Tliis'would be seen by the engineer, and lie did the rest. In January, 1873, the road generously passed a rule allowing ordained clergymen to ride at half fare, and instructed ticket masters to provide clergymen in their vicinity with tickets. The railroad was a most important factor in opening up West Medford's real estate, the building up of new houses, and the acquisition of a large residential population of a class materially and so- cially advantageous to the city. The stations on the Lowell Railroad — now the southern division of the Boston and .Maine — are West Medford, once called Medf..rd (;ates. Medford Hillside, once Meclford Steps, anfl Tufts Cullcge, formerly called College Hill. The Medford Branch Railroad was in- corporated March 7, 184.'). The names of the petitioners were: James (). Curtis, Henry L. Stearns, Joseph Manning, junior, Daniel Lawrence, Nathaniel H_ Bishop and Andrew Blanchard, junior. January 22, 1845, the town of Medford passed a resolution favoring the branch, and a committee of citizens employed James Hayward to make surveys where- by an estimate of the cost might be known. This was done, and the estimate of cost of excavations, masonry, buildings, superstructures, etc., was thirty-eight thousand two hundred and eight dcdlars MEDFOUD, PAST AND PliE.SENT and sixty cents. By act of incijrporation, capital stock was limited to one thou- sand shares, at one hundred dollars each. The branch was completed, and proved satisfactory. The Meii tlic branch are at Park street and Glciiwmxl. Wellington station is on the main line near the curve of the branch. The station agents on the Mcilfiml Branch Kailroad are as follows: V. E. Cliesley, entered service of B. & M. R. R. January l.i, 1SS:1. appointed agent at'Medford, .luly (i, I'.li);!. Judc C. Clark, entered service of B. it M. R. R., November 20, 1869, appointed agent at Park street, June ?>, 1870. Uavid E. Archibald, entered service of B. & M. K. R., April 1, 1877, appointed agent at Glenwood, July G, 1903. Charles A. Ellsworth, entered service and appointed agent at Wellington, Ajuil ■j;;, lS8:i. The Stoneham branch mad, incorpo- rated May_l.i, 1851, by Thaddeus Richard- son, Amasa Farrier and William Young, was commenced and graded from Stone- ham into bounds of Jledford. Further construction suddenly ceased, and tlie project was abandoned. T:: HUUSE BUILT BY CRAUOCKS -MEN 132 The Medford Police Department TUK law-enfdi'cing power of the tiiwn in the early years was ((in- filled to the services of constaliles elected annually at town meetings. These fnnctionaries were selected for their bravery to go out nights, or break np a row down on the patch, or drive tliieving boys out of orchards and away from line estates. Tile badge of the constable and the billy he secreted in his pocket were his emblems of authority. The small boy did not run around the corner every time he saw a "blue-coat" coming, cognizant of the fact that he deserved punishment, for in tlie early days there were no "blue-couts," and the little law-breaker went bathing in full daylight, shied a rock through the win- dow of an unoccupied house, or did anytliing else lie took a notion to do. After a while the selectmen appointed special policemen "without pay," the business men of the town generally com- posing tile rank and lile of the defenders of law and order. When one of the "specials " made an arrest, he called it good fortune, as he took in quite a witness fee for attending trial, travel, and summoning witnesses. There is no record that these specials ever took part in the apprehension of murderers, desperados or thieves. The lock-up was in the basement of tlic engine house. High street. In tlie year ISTO. three patrolmen were appointed for night duty, and the police station removed to the town hall build- ing, where it remained until July, 1895, 133 MEDFOBD, PAtiT AND PRESENT when the new building was oeeuiiiecl. The removal tf> the new site was an event of joy to oftieers and prisoners alike, for no more inconvenient and disagreeable place could have been [used for any purpose. In 1874, the police force was reorgan- ized, with (-leorge W. W. Saville as chief. Mr. Saville was possessed of special fitness for the work which he had on hand to perform, and the wisdom which he displayed is still seen in the j'resent able condition of the force. Mr. Saville was a deputy sheriff of Middlesex county, and the duties of that position required his whole time. He is now special sheriff of the county. August 1, 1884, Chief Saville ga\e way to General .Jophanus H. Wliitney, who bad been a jjatrolman since 18"(i. (ieneral Whitney remained until November 21, 1887, when he resigned to accept his present position of detective on the State police force. Edward C. Holmes, who bad been a patrolman since September 14, 1881, was promoted tf> be the head of the depart- ment (in General Whitney's departure, and he now holds the position, paying to it his closest attention, and performing his duties with ability, courtesy and fair- ness. He is greatly esteemed by citizens and associates as well. In 1881, the force consisted of a chief and six patrolmen. It now consists of a chief, one sergeant, nineteen patrolmen, four reserve and nine special officers. A new patrol wagon has just lieen con- structed, and the Gamewell police signal system has recently been installed. The present headquarters are as good as any force of the size of Medford's could ask. It was one of General Lawrence's progressive ideas to secure the present building during his administration. The officers of the force are as follows ; Chief, Emery D. Holmes; sergeant, William G. Ewell; patrolman, John Grady, James H. Kane, P. Frank Ward, Francis C. Thieler, Frederick J. Lewis, Alfi-ed Haskell, Charles H. Watson, Daniel K. Richardson, Daniel W. Connors, George H. Lenox, William G. Golding, Charles H. Ewell, Thomas F. Connors, John B. A. Buffum, J. Everett Pierce, William H. Gowing, Daniel J. Fitzjjatrick, John J. Manning, John F. Welch; reserve patrolman, Jeremiah J. Ilartwell, Frederick W. Blake, Alexander M. Higgins, Michael Callahan. MAGOUN MANSION ON HIGH STREET 134 Fraternities of Medford Purity Rebekah Lodge No. y4, I. O. O. F., is made up of a large memeber- ship which has grown from an active charter list whtn the lodge was in- stituted in 1S91. Meetings are held second and fourth Tuesdays of each month in Odd Fellows' Hall, Medford. The officers are: Noble Grand, Mrs. Edith L. Richards; vice-grand, Mrs. Alice Staples; recording secretary, Mrs. Jessie Richards: financial secre- tary, Miss Helen Lauriat; treasurer, Mrs. Abbie Richards; warden, Mrs. i.^ay Young; conductor, Miss Addle Newcomb; inside guardian; Mrs. Nel- lie Metcalf; outside guardian, Myron G. Curtis; chaplain, Mrs. Jennie Scrannage; supporters, noble grand, i.xrs. Carrie Young and Mrs. George E. Getchell; supporters, vice-grand, Mrs. Ida Wolfe and Miss Addie Sears; banner bearers, Mrs. Angie F. Claris, Mrs. Lilla Oliver, Mrs. Carrie Palmer and Mrs. Levi Cole; past grand, Mrs. Myron G. Curtis. ^uard of wigwam; Richard Clark, guard of forest. Hiawatha Tribe, No. 34, of the Im- proved Order of Red Men was institu- tedi February 3, 1S87, and during its existence has adopted many pale fac- es. Meetings are held In G. A. R. hall, the first and second Tuesdays of each month. The officers elected June, 1905, are: J. T. Michener, pro- phet; John F. Readon, sachem; M. F. Buckley, senior sagamore; Charles Dineen, junior sagamore; Charles H. Black, chief of records; Edward L. Fitzpatrick, collector of wampum; J. M. Bragdon, keeper of wampum; L. L.. Bragdon, first sanap; James Green- wood, second sanap; N. F. Porter, Home Lodge, No. 124. Knights and Ladies of Honor was instituted De- cember 31, 1878 with twenty-three charter members, many of whom have since died. Wiih continued prosperi- ty, the lodge has a membership or six- ty. The officers for the present year of Home Lodge are: Past protector, Eben F. Roberts; protector, Mrs. S. A. Ben- son; vice-protector, Carl A. Benson; secretary, W. P. Treet; financial secretary, F. W. Holt; treasurer, Mrs. E. M. W. Holt; chaplain, Mrs. D. B. F. Clark; guide, J. Walter Stevenson: guardian, ^vlrs. L. R. Stevenson; sen- tinel, C. H. Clark. Since Odd Fel- lows' Hall was erected, its meetings are held therein, the second and fourth Thursdays of each month. West Medford. The first officers were: P. N. C, Mrs. Annette Crowell; N. C, M. P. Bearse; V. N. C, Mrs. Augusta R. Crosby; prelate, Herbert N. Ack- erman; treasurer, J. H. Gerrish; F. K. of R. W. H. Henderson; K. of Rec, J. H. Chute; Herald, W. E. Ober; W. I. G., Mrs. F. L. Wolf; W. O. G., P. A. Oxnard. The oflBcers installed January, I'JOS, were: Cuthbert H. Low- ell, noble commander: Mrs. Helen Dunklee, vice-commander; Nathan T. Souther, noble keeper of records; Charles J. Eeles, financial keeper olf records; Mrs. Clara Stewart, treasur- er; Miss Julia Howard, worthy pre- late; Alexander R. Johnston, worthy herald; Miss Elizabeth Canty, past noble commander: Frank Marshall, warder inner gate; Percy Wolfe, war- der outer gate. Meetings are held first audi third Mondays of each month in Odd P\dliiws' Hall. Mystic court. No. 77, M. C. 0. F. cel- ebrated Its fifteenth anniversary De- cember 12, 1904. in Haniiony Hall. Officers now are: C. R, Patrick Phe- lan; V. C. R., Thomas O'Brien; R. S., William F. McNeill: F. S., Michael J. Maher; treasurer, John J. Crockwell; S. C, Peter Kelley; J. C, Bartholo- mew Piggott; I. S., Michael Beatly; O. S., Edward Maginuis; trustees, John Crowley, John J. Crockwell and Luke Coyne; court physician, Dr. W. J. Burke. UNITED ORDER GOLDEN CROSS Brooks Commandery United Order of Golden Cross was instituted Jan. 7, 1889, in Mystic hall, Foresters of America are represent- ed in Medford by Court City of Med- ford, which is five years of age, and has ninety-six members. The officers are: Junior past chief ranger, Daniel F. Cantwell; chief ranger, M. F. Buckley ; sub-chief ranger, Thomas Mc- Mahon; treasurer, J. P. Bresnahan; financial secretary, William Golden; recording secretary, P. J. Flemming; senior woodward, James E. Barry; junior woodward, A. J. McDonald; senior beadle, .Tames Hayes; junior beadle, T. Tucker; lecturer, M. J. Bresnahan: trustees, A. P. McDonald, John C. Gillis, M. Mahoney; physician, G. H. Packard. The Medford National Bank FOR many years the business iiifii of Medford waited for some enter- prising man or men to launi-h foi'tU tire idea of providing a place in which the exchange of money and the accommodation of note discounts might be made. The Savings Bank formed one system of banking, but it was not of tlie commercial nature. It was impossible to borrow small sumsof money or a note or to get discounts on larger amnunts at the savings institution. The lucicliiiiil'- DANA 1. MCIXTIKK were forced to keep their aci-inuits in National banks out of town or else keep their funds in the safes, which was not wi.se, neither was it business-like. It was as late as the winter of IS'.iii that anyone showed "sand" enougli to enter upon the undertaknig. Ilonorable Lewis H. Lovering, the mayoratthe time, saw the necessity of a bank, and also saw a possibly good investment for ca}iital invested under economical and enterjiris- ine regim6. lie called several meetings and had nu- merous personal interviews with several of the principal men of the city, and, as a result, on December 1, 1899, the first meeting of the incorporators of tlic luo- posed bank was held at the office of the mayor, Lewis H. Lovering. Articles of association were drawn up and signed by the the following gentlemen: Jnlin 1). Street, .lohn F. Libby, Benjamin C. Leonard, .Joseph E. Ober, .James W. Dunphy, William P. Martin, (i. l'>lward Smith, Ilervey A. Hanscom, William Wardwell, Josei)h K. Manning, Lewis H. Lovering, Benjamin F. Ilayes, Lombard, Williams, Dana I. Mclntire, Charles II. Adan\s, William E. Barrett, Edward W. Ilayes, Samuel C. Lawrence, .Josiali I!. Teele. On February 1, 19UU, the bank opened its doors for business at its present (|uarters in the Opera House building on High street. Since then there has been a steady and assured growth at business and now, at the close of the fifth year of its e.Kistence,'the Jledford National Bank is an institution, the success of which has far exceeded the exjiectations of every- one and is a credit to our city and indis- pensable to her citizens. Dana I. Mclntire was the first presi- dent, which office he now holds. H. K. Reynolds, junior, of the Faneuil Ilall National Bank, of Boston, was the first cashier, but after five months he resigned, and July, 1900, was succeeded by Charles II. Barnes, the present cashier. Changes have taken place in the owner- ship of the bank's stock which at lirst was controlled by Boston parties, but later has been more widely distributed, and is now owned almost wholly by resi- dents of Medford. The institution which is local as to ownership, gets considera- ble Boston business and dep(jsits through the hustling qualities of its officers and board of directors. Lewis H. Lovering, Dana I. Mclntire, William P. Martin, Charles H. Sawyer, .losiah ;R. Teel. Austin L. Baker, Law- rence T. Sawyerare the present directors. The fidlo wing are the officers of the bank; President, Dana I. Mclntire; vice-jiresi- dent, Charles H. Sawyer; cashier, Charles II. Barnes; attorney, William P. Martin; tinance committee, D. I. Mclntire, William P. Martin. Dana I. Mclntire, president of the JIe. jiinck and J. H. Norton, both carpenters and builders; also an ailvertisement publish- ing the town ordinance on use of water, with Parker Litchfield, clerk of the water board. The two outside pages were given uj) to miscellaneous family reading. stories, and poetry. The two inside images were devoted to local items, also news from Winchester and Arlington, editor- ials and advertising. The news partially reflected the town life, discussing re- moval of town pump, agitating a new town hall, expatiating on the beauties of Medford, its development, new indus- tries, church and society activities, criti- cisms of town fathers, births, deaths, and some marriages, ]n'aising the schools, referring often to Frank Hervey's read- ings, to James M. Usher's public acts of the day, mingling the serious, humorous, sarcastic and aggressive. The "Journal" was puljlished until about 1874, when, havingbeen purchased by Thomas A. Scott, it was soon discon- tinued. The second newspaper in the town was "The Medford Chronicle," a seven- colu7iin ijaper, first aiipearing January, 1872, edited and published by Amos B. Morss, also of West Medford. This paper was of four pages, and quite similar in make-up to its predecessor. Mr. Morss, who now at lives at 21 Auburn street, still retains a few copies of his paper, wliich was issued Saturdays, with office at Medford Square. He is almost the first, if not first, pub- lisher to use what are termed " patent outsides." Next came the •■ Medford Mercury," an eight-column, four-page paper, first issued December 18, 1880. It was pub- lished by Samuel W. Lawrence, and, al- though William E. Smythe was local editor for a while, George W. Stetson served as such until three years ago. In January, 1882, Mr. Lawrence purchased the '■Chronicle" and united it with his paper. During its long career the "Mercury" has seen several other papers enjoy nu>re or less ephemeral existence. They have started out with brilliant expectations of long life and usefulness in spreading the news and coining shekels, but sooner or later they were consigned to the news- jjaper graveyards. The " Riverside News " was a transient sheet, bright and snappy while it lasted. It was published in Medford proper, by S. A. Wetmore, and a few copies of it are in existence. In 18(12, the " .Medford City News " was started, with publii'ation office on Salem street, near Park street. William R. Mur- phy was its first editor. He occupied the desk but a short time, when Charles H. Hillman assumed the position, and the paper is remembered for its newsy, vigor- ous character. It lived about fourteen months. No sooner had it ceased to breathe, metaphorically speaking, than the " Jled- ford Times " began to seek subscribers. It was published at Pleasant-street court by a man whose last name was Longhead. A few months sufficed for its birth, life and death. Another paper that seemed destined to beconu' popular and of long life was the "Medford Citizen," which made its first public appearance October 11, 1001. The Citizen was issued by experienced news- paper men, who made it Interesting, able, progressive and pimgent. Charles Daniels Rooney, a former Medford boy, but now resident in Winchester, was editor. He was also a correspondent of the Boston Globe. Charles H. Hillman, a Boston Herald man, was business manager, and Richard T. Howard, of the Boston Jour- nal, was advertising manager; these men, with Charles S. Baxter and Lombard Wil- liams, forming a cimipany. Shortly after- wards this company was increased by the addition of James Mott Hallowell and (Jilbert Hodges. The editorial office was at first in the Opera House building, then moved to the building at 7 High street. It was on February 14, 1902, that the " Medford Mercury " was sold to ,John F. Wood, of Gleasondale; and Samuel W. Law- MEDFOUIK PAST AND PliESKNT reiiee, after tweiity-cme years of faithful, conscientious work, relinciuished his con- nection with the paper owing to ill heal tli. Mr. Wood, with his brother Charles A. Wood, maintained the Mercury in a man- ner evidencing their long experience in suburban journalism. The two pajiers continued to lead separate lives until October, 1002, when by a business ar- rangement the two were merged into the Mercury-Citizen, so-called for a short time, and then early in 1004, the old title, " Medford Mercury," was resumed in full and the jilant and office of publication was removed to 80 Main street, where it now is. The edition for the West Medford district was designated "The Citizen" and all others "The Medford Mercury." Owing to the postal laws this arrangement was not feasible. The word " Citizen " was dropped entirely, and " Medford Mercury " remained. At the beginning of .January, 1005, an- other business arrangement was effected whereby -John F. Wood sold his interest in The Medford Publishing Company, as the business title had been, and the "Mercury" changed its personnel. JIany improvements in plant and office accommodations, and an increased office force, have resulted in producinga paper excellent in quality and quantity of news, editorials, advertisements, and live local articles of special interest. Captain Henry W. Pitman, of Somer- ville, an experienced newspaper man and familiar with Medford people and affairs, is the present editor of the " Mercury." fieorge W. Stetson on Decemljer 17, 100:^, became editor of a new paper, the " Medford Leader," which was published by E. B.Thorndike & Company, with pub- lication office at Main street. Since Jan- uary, 190.5, E. B. Thorndike has, incom- 139 pany with his son, confined his attention to general printing and type-setting busi- ness at the corner of Main and Harvard streets. In closing, it would not be well to omit four single publications by .James M. Usher in 1S80. The " Keformer," of April 22, was issued to agitate public opinion in favor of a constitutional amendment pro- hibiting the manufacture or sale of intox icants. The "Advertiser," .June 22, was what its name implies, and besides many local "ads "was mainlycomposed of stere- otyped matter. The "Middlesex Union," of .June 20, was practically the same as the "Advertiser," except that it contained a sermon preached by Reverend .Tames M. Usher. The "Brooks Advocate," .Jan- uary 2fi, was devoted to a presentation of arguments favorable to the incorporation of West Medford as a separate town un- der name of Brooks. The issue also con- MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESENT tnined facts intended to show West Med- ciples of ditferent people. Since 1870, its way. Its endeavor is to publish a local ford's individual importance inevery way, therefore, the city has not lacked the newspaper which shall he enterprising, to support the arguments advanced. Many means of disseminating information of gjert able, progressive, and devoted to single issues at various times have been any nature. The Medford Mercury, how- ^^^^ -^^^^ interests of Aledford. published to proclaim pet ideas and prin- ever, has steadily held the even tenor of THE "OPTIMUS" PRESS ON WHICH THE MERCURY IS PRINTED 140 The Cities of the Dead By John 11. Hodi-er Sdl.niERS' MONUMENT IN OAKIGROVE CEMETERY The Old Burying Place THE tirstiueiitidiiof a burying place in the town of Medford was when the estate ()£ Major Jonathan Wade was divided among liis heirs. Major Wade died in the year lOSO, and in the divi.sion of his estate there was set off to Dudley Wade, his only surviv- ing son, "that little pasture called tlie Burying Plaee, allowing f>nly one-quarter of an acre of the said burying place, with a gangway to it, to be a burying place for the whole family."' This ijrivate burying place was the nucleus of the Old Salem Street Burying (iround. Whether it was so u.sed by the inhabitants of the plantation prior to the jmrchase of the estate by Major Wade cannot be determined, as there are no stonesantedatiug Ma jorWade's purchase. As the town increased in population it became desirable that there should be a burying jilace established for the whole town, .\cciu-dingly, at a town meeting held on the twentieth day of March 1705, it was " Put to vote, whether the town shall discourse Mr. Dudley Wade, refer- ring to the proposals made this meeting l)y Stephen Willis, Jun., in said Wade's behalf, respecting the burying place in Medford, and make return to the town, at the next town's meeting." Voted in the affirmative. Whatever may have been the nature of the proposals made to tlie town in regard to this burying place, it is evident that no action was taken at that time, result- ing in bringing the burying place into the possession of the town, for, on the twelfth day of August 1709, Dudley Wade sold to Stephen Willis, "Upland and marsh, with part of a barn standing on the same . . . with the liberty of a passageway for a Cart at all times through the burying MEDFORB, PAST AND PRESENT jilaoe (if said Wade and liberty of sjiread- ing hay on the same.'" The barn men- tioned in this sale was the "C4reat Barn'' of Major Wade's and doubtless also that of (iovernor Cradook. Between the above mentioned date and May 15, 171", the town came into posses- sion of the buryingjilace (there is no rec- ord of any transfer either in the town or county records) as will be seen by a vote of the town passed May l."i. 1717. "Put to vote, w'hether the town will choose a a Comnuttee to join with the Selectmen to view some land ottered by Jlr. Aaron Cleaveland and .lidin Willis, for the en- largement of the burying iilace near Mis- tick Bridge, and to bring in a report to the town of same at the next town-meet- ing, both of the price of said land and the convenience of the same for the use aforesaid."" Voted in the affirmative, an have the front of tlie burying place fenced in with a hand- some board fence, with gates in the middle of said burying place," and one year later, nothing having been done to- wards building the fence, the town voted: "that the committee chosen in March last passed, be continued, viz: — tci fence thef routof the burying place, and tliey are desired to fence as soon as convenient."" The subject of building tombs in the bui'ying place came first before the town on the fifth day of March, 17:^8-39, when a committee was chosen to confer with any persons in said town that desire to build tombs, and March 7, 17.'J7, the town voted " that some of the inhabitants may build tombs in the front of the burying place where the fence stands." In the year 1773, the town again en- larged the burying place by the purcliase of land from Christopher Page. In con- sideration of the sum of six pounds he sells the town fourteen square rods of land adjoining the burying place, bounded niprtherly on the Country road leading to Charlestown sixteen feet; westerly on other land of said Page eleven and one fourth rods; southerly upon Hezekiah Blanchard's land sixteen feet and easterly upon the burying place. The deed is dated December 18, 1767. Again May 2.5, 1776, Samuel Teel sold to the town about one-fourth acre of land bounded northerly on the Country road; easterly on the burying place; southerly on Captain Isaac Hall's land; westerly on a way leading from the Country road down to the w'harfs. In the year 1773. the town voted unani- mously to sell to Hezekiah Blanchard twelve square feet of land adjoining the burying place for the .sum of twelve shil- lings lawful money. Mr. Blanchard atthat time owned and operated the distillery in the building now occupied by the Boston & Maine Railroad Company as an engine honse. A few years later, as will be seen by the deed of Samuel Teel. the distillery was owned by Captain Isaac Hall. May 11, 178.5, the selectmen were ap- pointed to fence the burying place and to paint said fence. It was also voted "that no Cattle be permitted to graze therein." At another meeting, held May 11, 1780, the subject of building tombs again came before the town, and liberty was given to any person or persons to build tombs under the direction of the selectmen. Some years later we find that the cost of buihling a tondi was ni' hun- dred feet of land, reserving to himself one lot for a burial place, he giving fifty dol- lars for the choice of lots after the Hon- orable Peter C. Brooks should have made his choice. The Honorable P. C. Krooks offered the sum of five hundred dollars towards defraying the cost of enclosing the new part of the burying ground with a suitable enclosure, asking only in re- turn a small lot less than twenty feet square for his own use. These several iim- posals were accepted by the town. A sub- .stantial stone wall was built around the new addition, and it was divided into ten lots. Mr. Brooks chose lot \n. 4, aiul Mr. Lawrence lot Xo. .5. The remainderof the lots were sold by auction to the highest bidders. The folliiwing is an abstract of Mr. Lawrence's deed to the town: — "A lot of land on the easterly side of the old burying ground. Containing M.Spi'., square feet. Bounded, beginning at the southerly corner of the cdd burying ground, at the end of the board fence then standing on the northerly line of the Medfnnl llranch Railroad location, thence easterly in the direction of said fence 'H feet; thence northerly by other land ipf grantor 171 feet; thence westerly by land of the Baptist Society :Uio feet; thence southerly by the burying ground to the point begun at." The lines between tlie l!a|itist Society and the burying place were also adjusted. A few years ago some of the new lots being abandoned by their jiropriet(us. the town sold a small parcel of land to the late Charles H. Day, who purchased the old Baptist Church and land. erecting a jioor house; and at a town one in 1ST:; and another in l!iO:!, and all meeting held May 6, 1810, a committee the improvements of a modern cemetery previously appointed who were to con- have been installed, until Old Grove sider and report on the subject of a new Cemetery is one of the finest in the Ijurial ground, reported in favor of using vicinity of the great iiictro]M)lis. Tliere the above mentioned land for such pur- poses. The town adopted the recommenda- tion of the committee and authorized the selectmen to lay out the sauu' into fam- ily lots, construct proper passageways and plant trees and otherwise improve the same. This was diinc and many family lots were sold. That i)art of the land de- voted tobnrial puriioseswas .set back from the street. Fronting on the street was a pound, ami in the year 18.>'! it was voted to remove the pound, extend the burial grounds to Cross street, and build thereon a suitable iron fence with a stld lluryiug Place. The Cross Street Burying Ground AUGUST 111. 1811, the town imr- chased of .Jonathan Brooks, tlie guardian of .Jacob Wait, one acre and forty rods of land on the west side III Cross street, for the i'ur]>ose of Oak Grove Cemetery In tlie year 1S4S, tile town of Medfnnl. actuated by the doings of people in other places, began to consider the establish- ment of a burying ground to l)e owneil by the town. Xovemljer VI, 1849, a committee rejiorted in favor of purchasing ten and a half acresof land, of Leonard Bncknant. at fifty dollars per acre. This land was afterwanls taken for an almshouse, but in .July, 18.">2, the present Oak (irove Cemetery had its inception, the land be- ing bought of Edward Bronks and con- tained twelve acres, and the jirice paid was five thousand dollars. The sum of two thousand four hundred and seventy- two dollars was spent a year later' on the grounds. W'lirk w;is l)egun and carried on, and (ietiil>er :)1, Is.V!, the spot was solemnly consecrated by religious services. It was a year and a half befc, wliich then traversed the Nashua river between Pepperell and Groton, and where a party of patriotic women under the lead of Mrs. Wright, seized and held a tory bearer of dispatches from Can- ada to the British authorities in Bos- ton. At an early age and before I thought of a collegiate education, I was sent to Amherst, where I was en- .gaged as the clerk in a country gro- cery, and I speak ot this Amherst ex- perience because of one notable cir- cumstance, and that was the frequent appearance during my stay there of a handsome young lawyer from Hills- boro, Franklin Pierce by name, whose object at Amherst was two-fold, legal business at the court house and the ■attentions' he was paying the lady. Miss Appleton. a daughter of one of the Bowdoin College presidents, who afterward became Mrs. Pierce. I never saw General Pierce but once af- ter my Amherst life, and that was in the summer of 1852, when he was the Democratic candidate for President. He came into the old Boston & Maine station one afternoon to take the train for Concord. He was practically un- noticed by the crowd at the station. But I soon gave those around me to understand that the trim, soldierly looking gentleman was Candidate Pierce, and the future President was soon holding an informal reception in his car, which seemed to be gratifying to all concerned. I fitted for college," continued Mr. Cummings. "at the Pep- perell Academy and graduated at 145 MEDFOUD, PAST AND PRESENT Dartmouth in 1842, in a class of eighty- seven men, a large class for those days, and since that day there have not been a great many larger classes. The first man on the list was Attorney- General Akerman, one of the numerous cabinet officers of the Grant adminis- trations. There were also Chief Jus- tice Brigham of the Massachusetts Supreme Court, Governor B. F. Flan- ders of Louisiana, Superintendent John D. Philbrick of the Boston pub- lic schools, Drs. John E. Tyler and Clement A. Walker, well known Massa- chusetts alienists, and Professor John S. Woodman of Dartmouth. Of these eighty-seven men that embarked on life's career at that 1842 commence- ment, sixty-two years old, I think only six survive to tell the story of their respective lives, and if you have the space you can give the names. They are John P. Averill of Concord, New Hampshire, 88, and from 1848 to 1866 he was the principal of the old Chap- man School in Boston; Reverend George P. Cummings of San Diego, California, 84; Reverend Henry L. Bul- len of Moline, Illinois, 84; Amos W. Hovey of Bristol Springs, New York, 86; William G. Perry, M. D., Exeter, New Hampshire, 81; and myself. At the time of our graduation there was more or less agitation of the slavery question throughout New England, and out of the queer anomalies of that day was the proslavery sentiments of President Lord of Dartmouth, the head of a New England college, among the liberty-inspiring granite hills of New Hampshire, taking the southern side of that irrepressible issue. But so far as noticeable at the time, or since. Dr. Lord's defection from the strictly mor- al side of the slavery question had little or no effect on the alumni of the college, and when the war set- tled the matter there was no more heard of the old discussion of the sub- ject at Hanover or elsewhere. I grad- uated at Andover Theological Semi- nary in 1846, intending, in common with other Dartmouth men of that time, to enter the ministry. But my health failed me at an important junc- ture in my career and I resumed teach- ing, having previously taught in sev- eral schools at Brookline, New Hamp- shire (my first being in Brookline, New Hampshire, in 1835), and one of my pupils in the Brookline school is now a lady resident of Medford. Af- ter a short experience at the Abington Academy in the fall of 1846 I applied for the place, then vacant, of princi- pal of the Medford High School, the second school of the kind in the state, the Lowell school standing at the head of seniority list, and Dr. Hosea Ballon, afterwards president of Tufts College, was on the Medford School Committee. 'What do you do with your bad boys?' asked Dr. Ballon, with a quizzical look. 'O, I never have any bad boys. Dr. Ballon,' I replied, an answer that. it was said, successfully settled my candidacy, and out of twenty-two ap- plicants I received the appointment. The school in 1846 had only ninety pupils — it has five hundred now — Med- ford and Maiden both had a population of .seven thuusand, a .stage fare twenty- five cents, ran to lidston, and nearly everybody, as a cimsequence, had to walk. The Middlesex Canal, in 1S4(>, was still carrying freight, finally suc- cumbing to the railroad in 185(1. As for the methods of instruction in the public schools, there has been a com- plete revolution. The old studies, or ways of imparting them, have given place to so many modern ideas and frills that the teachers of a genera- tion ago, unless they have remained in the harness and kept step to this march of progress, would now have much to learn themselves before they could go into the classroom as instruc- tors. As regards the comparative ef- fectiveness of the old and the new methods, time alone is the better judge. But I do know that my eleven hundred scholars (among whom I count thirteen lawyers, ten doctors, ten ministers, and sixty-two teachers in the Medford schools) in the main have been very good men and women, in nearly every state in the union, have not forgotten the teachings of one who always sought to give to them the best that was in him, and of whom and aljout whom their old preceptor al- ways hears with the greatest of in- terest and pleasure. I took the Med- ford High in its infancy," concluded Mr. Cummings, "although seven prin- cipals, including Judges Isaac Ames and Edwin Wright of the Boston courts had preceded me, and when I retired from the work of thirty years I was satisfied, in my own mind, that great progress had been made, and that Med- ford's chief educational institution had kept abreast of the times." iMKS. IjEWI.S II. I.OVEKIXi: LEWIS II. I.OVEIUNG LEWIS HUTCHINSON LOVERING, former Mayor of Medford, has been a resident at West Medford for thirty- two years, coming from Greenwood, Maine, where he was born April 18, 1849. It was in Greenwood and Nor- way of the Pine Tree State, that he received his schooling, and as a young man was in tlie lumber business six years, and learned the carpenter trade. After settling in West Medford he carried on a grocery and provision -^a'^'- '5i!rw RESIDENCE OF LEWIS II. LOVERING MEDFOIW, VAST AND PliJiSEXT I.KWIS It. I.OVKIlINli business with his brother, Francis H. Loverino- at the furner of IIii;li street and Harvard avenue. He disposed of his interest in that business to his brother in 1S85, and established a real estate and building bu.siness which has been greatly beneficial to the interests of the city and to him- self. Mr. Levering has always been a staunch Repuldican, and served the town for seventeen years in all its elective officers, and after the city government was adopted he was may- or for four years, from 1897 to 1890. He is now a member of the Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners. He was one of the founders of the Medford National Bank and has always been a director there. He is a member of Mount Vernon Lodge, No. 186, I. O. O. F., of the Historical Society, and of the Medford Club. It was thirty years ago that he marriedi Miss Emma Fran- ces Woods, who was born in Monroe, Maine. She was a teacher in the pub- lic schools there for many years, and since her residence in West Medford has been a prominent member of the West Medford Baptist church, and of the Ladies' oocial Union connected with that churcn. She has been presi- dent for many years. She is also a di- rector in the Medford Home for Aged Men and Women, and has large in- terests in other organizations of the city. Mr. and Mrs. Lovering reside at .'iS Hoston avenue. Their only S(ui, Frank W. Lovering, with his wife and daughter, Marjorie Eleanor, live on I^overing Road, adjoining his father's estate. IIONOKAHI.K WILLIAM li. LAWUKNCE ] WH^LIAM BADGER LAWRENCE, son of General and Mrs. S. C. Lawrence, was born in Charlestown, November 16, 18.56. On the maternal side he is a descendant of Giles Badger, who came from England with his two broth- ers, and who was at Newbury in 1643. and there died January 11, 1647. His maternal great-grandfather was John Taylor, a captain in the Revolutionary war. and his grandfather was Rever- end William Badger, a well-known Freewill Baptist minister of Maine, for whom he was named. Mr. Lawrence was educated in the Boston Latin School and at Harvard College. At the Latin School he was a Franklin medal scholar, and in 1874-75 was col- onel of the Boston school regiment at the celebration of the 25ilth anniver- sary celebration of the founding of Boston. In college he was a member of the Phi Beca Kappa and Signet societies, and graduated with honors in the well-known class of '79. He fit- ted for his profession at the Harvard l^aw S'chool, graduating in the class of 18S2, received the degree of LL. B.. and was admitted to the State and United States Courts in the spring of 188;!. Upon his return from extended 147 MEDFOIiD, PA.ST ASD PRESEXT travel in Europe, he began practice that year in ihe office of the late Nathan Morse, one of Boston's best known lawyers. Since 1886 he has had offices at No. 40 Water street, Boston, anil has given special attention to railroad and corporation law. He is a member of the Boston Bar Associa- tion and one of the proprietors of the Social Law Library. Mr. Lawrence has long been identified with Med- ford's public affairs. While it was a town he served on the board of select- men and as overseer of the poor (from 1888 to 1890), and was instrumental in securing the passage, in 1890, of the original gypsy moth legislation ap- propriating fifty thousand dollars. In 1891, and again in 1892, he represented Medford in the lower house of the Legislature; and, in 1893, and again in 1894, he was senator for the First Middlesex District (comprising the cities of Somerville and Medford and the towns of Arlington and Winches- ter). While in the House, he served on the committees on the judiciary, proliate, and insolvency, and drainage; and in the Senate, both terms, as chair- man of the committees on the treas- ury and of the joint committee on ex- penditures, and a member of the com- mittees on the judiciary and floor chairman of the committee on rules. In the election of Honorable Henry Cabot Lodge to the United States Sen- ate, in January, 1893, Mr. Lawrence took an active part in securing a written agreement of a majority of the House and a majority of the Sen- ale (being thus a majority of the whole Legislature in joint convention), to hold a caucus for United States sen- ator — a then innovation requiring courage and persistency to accomplish — to select therein a representative Republican as a candidate regardless of Democratic wishes or coalition, and to abide by the result. He has al- ways taken a warm interest in public matters, and has been especially active in promoting progressive mimicipal movements, notably the passage, against vigorous opposition, of the Metropolitan Sewerage Act, which has proved of such benefit to the district whereby was abated the sewage nuisance in Mystic River and lower Mystic Pond. In the years 188.5-89 he was active in averting the threat- ened division of the town of Medford, and later in securing the city charter. He has been for some years a trustee of the Medford Savings Bank. He was a charter member and one of the organizers of the Medford Club, and has been a member of the University Club almost from its inception. In politics Mr. Lawrence is a Republican, an active member of the party organ- ization, in 1891-92 serving on the Re- publican State Committee. The cities and towns comprising the then new congressional district were Democratic by over six hundred votes. His abil- ity to organize and systematize affairs was shown while a member of the State Committee by a thorough can- vass of the district, especially in the City of Somerville, where over three thousand Republican voters were ad- ded to the voting list, and six hundred more were added to the list in Med- ford, Arlington and Winchester, thus securing a majority of one thousand over the two thousand Democratic votes which were newly added in Cam- bridge and other parts of the district, and ensuring the election of Honorable Samuel W. McCall to Congress and a Republican district which has ever re- mained secure. Last April the eighth congressional district sent him as a delegate to the Republican National Convention where he represented the cities of Cambridge, Somerville, Med- ford and Woburn, and the towns of Arlington, Belmont and Winchester, in the nomination of Theodore Roosevelt and Charles Warren Fairbanks, for President and Vice-President. Mr. Lawrence has for some years been interested in railroad matters. He is clerk of the board of directors of the Boston and Maine Railroad, and of the corporation, and is a director of the Central Massachusetts Railroad and clerk of the Danvers Railroad Company and of the Newburyport Rail- road Company and of the Central Mas- sachusetts Railroad. For ten years he was one of the directors of the Somer- ville Journal Company. Mr. Lawrence for several years devoted considerable time to the Masonic fraternity, being a past master of Mount Hermon Lodge, past high priest of Mystic Roy- al Arch Chapter, past thrice illustri- ous master of Medford Council, Royal and Select Masters, past commander of Boston Commandery, Knights Templars, past district deputy grand master, past junior grand w-arden of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, past deputy grand high priest of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Massa- chusetts, past grand master of the Grand Council, Royal and Select Mas- ters of Massachusetts, also its grand treasurer, and a member, since 1896, of the Supreme Council, thirty-third degree, Scottish Rite, N. M. J. Mr. Lawrence was married Oct. 2, 1883, to Alice May, daughter of J. Henry and Emily (Nickerson) Sears, of Brewster, Massachusetts, and a lineal descendant of Richard Sears, who settled in Plym- outh, Massachusetts, in 1623. Mrs. Lawrence is also descended, in eight different lines of descent, from Elder William Brewster, and also from Geo. Soule, another of the Mayflower pil- grims, and of other well-known Cape Cod families. Four children have been born to them, Marjorie, Samuel Crock- er, 2d, Ruth and William B., junior. The family reside at Medford most of the year, but nave also a summer resi- dence at South Yarmouth for the last dozen years. J. GJILMAN WAITE is a native of .J. I.II.MA.N WAITIC the town of Hubbardston, where his ancestry for three generations before him have lived. At the close of his school days, he entered upon the duties of teaching with a fairly good degree of success. This work he gave up for a clerkship in Boston in the year 1864, since which time he has been employed as bookkeeper and at the present time as secretary in Masonic Temple, Boston. Since the summer of 1868 he has been a resident of Medford. In 1873 he became a member of its School Committee, having been unani- mously re-elected to that honorable position until the chajige from town to city government in 1893, when he declined further election, a continu- ous service of twenty years. During several of the later years he served as secretary and later as chairman of the board. When the Board of Sinking Fund Commissioners of Medford was established, he wa,s elected a member thereof, and by several re-elections served until the town became a city. Of this board he also served as secre- tary. He was also chosen clerk of the Medford Savings Bank at its annual meeting of the corporation in 1875, which position he still holds, as well as that of trustee. In political life he is a staunch Republican, who always votes the straight. In this, however, he takes no particular pride, for he could not well be anything else and be de- scended from an ancestry that gave the country a Roger Sherman. In the years 1S9T and 1S9S he served the citv in the lower branch of the General Court Fur mcire than forty years ^Ir. Waite has found much pleasure in his Masonic connections. To his liberal 148 MEDFORD, PAUT AND PllESENT temperament, the tenets of the institu- tion oft'ereti much attraction. He holds the memory of the maaiy happy hours spent in the society of true, tried and trusty friends, whom he has made tuere, among his choicest recollections. In his time he has served his lod.£;e, chapter, council and commandery as presidin.i; offleer. For three years he served the Grand Chapter of Massa- chusetts as its presiding officer, and for one year was, by ai!)pointment, deputy grand master of the Grand Ijodge of Massachusetts. As a citizen of Medford he is highly esteemed, and will be remembered by the younger generation for his twenty years of faithful, able and conscientious service on the School Committee. GEu-GE a. DELANO, born at Bath, Maine, in 18.51, has resided in Medford practically all of his active life and has been a generous, helpful citi>;en. He is a man of large learning who is known in this country and abroad as a financier, author and politician of sterling honesty and strong peronal- ity. ( APTAIX IlinililOKr F. STAl'I.KS HERBERT FRANKLIN STAPLES was born in Bloomfleld, Vermont, Sep- tenibn- 11, lSli:l. lie went to Salfiii when quite young, where he was edu- cated and resided about twenty-five years, when he went to Amesbury and lived a year, coming to Medford nine years ago. He entered the employ of the Eastern railroad company when eighteen years of age. and remained in its service several years, leaving tn accept a position with F. M. Page & Company of Salem, dealers in shoe findings, travelling for the firm through the south and west. After re- maining with the Page concern seven years, he took up his residence in Med- ford and engaged in Boston with the Boston & Maine Railroad Company to have charge of the Pullman car re- pairs. Six years ago Mr. Staples start- ed in the floor wax and oil business, in Ship Avenue, on his own account, un- der the firm name of H. F. Staples & Company, George E. Dickey being the junior partner. The firm has become one of the largest and most celebrated in its line by reason of the excellence of its products, and struct attention to business on the part of the two young men conducting the same. Upon com- ing to Medford, Captain Staples took a great deal of interest in its munici- pal and social affairs, and in 1903 was elected to the Common Council from Ward 2, and rendered signal service for the city upon various committees. He was elected to the Board of Alder- men as alderman-at-large for the pres- ent year and is serving the city with marked credit to himself and the peo- ple who elected him. Mr. Staples has been connected with the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, through all the grades from private to captain, the connections being wholly with Com- pany H., Eighth Infantry, of Salem. The company under his command was considered one of the best in the ser- vice. He was retired in 1896, at his own request, and is now a captain on the retired list, liable for detail for duty at any moment. Captain Staples is an Odd Fellow, a member of A. O. U. W. and of Medford Lodge of Elks. lie resides at 14li Salem street and is a most genial home maker andi en- tertainer. Boston, A])ril 12. 1832, where he lived for twenty-five years, when he married and came to Medford in ISGO and en- listed in the Lawrence Light Guard. In 1SG2 he enlisted in the company for three years, serving his full time. He joined the fire department in 18G2 and has been an active member for forty- three years, holding the position of foreman two years and clerk thirty- eight years. He was formerly in the employ of H. N. Hooper & Company, Ijrass finishers, Boston. He is now a night inspector in the Boston Custom House. He is a member of Mount Hermon Lodge, Mystic Royal Arch Chapter, Medford Council, Coeur de Leon Commandery and Medford Lodge, Knights of Honor, of which he is a past dictator. iAMIKI, li. JKI'SON SAMUEL G. JEPSON was born in JOHX F. I.ITilSY JOHN FULLER LIBBY, son of John Webb, and Betsy B. tDingley) Libby, was born on February 3, 1863, at Richmond, Maine. He was educated in the common schools of his native town and was graduated from Bow- doin College with the class of 1885. Mr. Libby was principal of the Waldo- boro, Maine, High School in 1886, and 1887 he held the position of associate principal at Bridgton Academy. Dur- ing the period of teaching school he studied law at Portland, Maine, and also with Charles E. Littlefleld at Rockland, Maine. In 1892 he came to Boston and in connection with John E, Hanly conducted a law business as Hanly & Libby, until 1897, when he opened oftices of his own at 15 Court square. Mr. Libby served as Mayor's clerk from 1S97 to 19i i>i,.M I. or u.vi;ii\ m riii.\ Houghton & Dutton, when the house was founded in January. 1S74. became a partner in the latter firm about Jan- uary, 1S77. Mr. Dutton married Alice M. Houghton, daughter of S. S. Houghton, in October, 1877. They have three children. Marion Houghton. now Mrs. Erving P. Morse. Mary Con- verse and Alice. After marriage he resided at Wyoming until the spring of 1892, when he moved to his pres- ent residence in Medford. M. K. MINIM) J[?;LVILLE E. >n'.Nl!t) was born in Round Pond, Maine, October 8, 18-57, and received his education in the schools of his native town, follow- ing the sea during the period between sessions. At the age of eighteen he shipped as a seaman until his twenty- second year when he came to Boston, and entered the store of Henry S. Lombard, where he is at the present time. He is a member of Howard Lodge, I. O. O. F., of Charlestown; Mt. Mermon, A. F. and A. M.; Mystic Royal Arch Chapter, Coeur de Leon Commandery, K. T., and. Medford Council, No. 94, R. A. Mr. Munro resides at 59 George street and has a wife and five children. He is at the present time an alderman elected at large. JAMES COLBY DORR CLARK, son of William P. and Annie G. Clark, was born in this city, June 10, 1872. Captain Clark attended the Med- ford schools and subsequently went to Tufts Collenv pjio-ineerinc; School, spending his summer vacations en- gineering wherever he was employed. He was graduated from the Tufts Med- ical School in 18(14, and during his col- lege career taught evening school four MEVFORD, PAUT AND PIIESENT seasons here in Medford. Upon his graduation he was appointed assist- ant to Professor W. L. Hall in the chair of Theory and Practice of Medi- cine of Tufts College medical school and was holding this position at the outbreak of the Spanish war. At that time Captain Clark was commanding Company E. Fifth infantry. He im- mediately recruited the company to the war strength of lot! inen. and was the first ofiicer in the regiment to report a company with full ranks ready for duty. After nine months' service with the Second army corps. Captain Clark was mustered out with his company at Greenville. South Caro- lina. March 31. 1899. On returning to Medford he resumed the practice of medicine. The struggle to keep up the interest of the company after the war, on account of poor armory accom- modations and the fact that men who had seen actual service do not care to continue citizen soldiery was a hard one, but Captain Clark has been per- sistent, as well as able, and today he has one of the best commands, oc- cupying one of the finest company ar- mories in the state, lie was elected to the city council in 1900 by an overwhehti- ing vote and served with marked abil- ity. In 1901 he was appointed city phy- sician, and. like all his previous posi- tions of trust, its duties were well per- formed. At the outbreak of smallpox he volunteered his services to Mayor Baxter and was isolated at the pest house five weeks, where he success- fully treated the seven cases commit- ted to his charge. In l!10:;-04 he^was'^a representative in the (leneral Ct>urt. In 1894 he married May Chadbourne, a classmate at Tufts Medical School, and they are now associated in the medical profession at Washington Square. EDWARD EVERETT ELDER was born in Cambridge, August 15, 1879. His early education was received in the schools of that city and of Revere, and at the Chelsea High School. In the fall of 1895 he entered Harvard University. During his academic ca- reer he was awarded second year hon- ors in history and government and held the Slade and Bowditch scholar- ships. He received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1899. "magna cum laude." and final honors in political science and special mention in his- tory. During these years he also en- gaged in teaching in the evening schools of Cambridge. After graduat- ing from college he entered Harvard Law School. While in the law school he was a member of the Parsons Law Club and of the Choate Club, and uti- lized his historical training in assist- ing Honorable Charles Francis Adams, the eminent publicist, in the prepara- tion of his historical works. In 1902 he received the degree of Bachelor of Laws with honor. He was admitted to the bar shortly afterwards and imme- diately entered the office of Elder & Whitman, of which firm Judge Wait of this city was formerly a member. He severed his connection with this firm in the spring of 1903, to form a partnership with Albert R. MacKu- sick of Boston, well known as one of the trial attorneys of the Boston Ele- vated Railway Company. This part- nership was later enlarged by the ad- dition of John G. Brackett of Arling- ton, son of ex-Governor J. Q. A. Brac- kett. These gentlemen are now asso- ciated with Mr. Elder under the firm name of Elder, MacKusick & Brac- kett. with offices in the Beacon build- ing. (1 Beacon street, Boston. During the two years following his admission to the bar Mr. Elder resided in Boston, whei-e he was identified with the work of the Public School Association, and during the last year of his residence served as a member of its executive committee and chairman of its Ward Ten committee. He was actively in- terested, also, in other movements fa- voring good municipal government. Mr. Elder is a member of the Eco- nomic Club of Boston, of the Boston City Club, and of the Bar Association of the city of Boston. XORWt X )D PENROSE IIALLOWELL sS. WILLIAM MARSH.\I,L CUD- WORTH was born in Scituate, Mass., January 15, 1814, and died at his home in Medford, Mass., February 3, 1877. He was a son of Benjamin and Nancy (Hatch) Cudworth; he was without doubt a lineal descendant of General James Ciulworth of London. William Marshall Cudworth attended the dis- trict school of his native town until he was 14 years old, when he began his career as a sailor, going to sea with his father, who was master of a vessel, and continuing with him five years. He then entered the employ of Mr. Briggs iit South Boston, with whom he served an apprenticeship of five years at the ship-building trade, afterward working there for three years. The following two years, in company with a Mr. Gushing of Med- ford, he was engp,ged in shippin.g pine lumber from Virginia to Boston. Re- MEDFOni), PAST AXD PnESEXT Academy. Andover. At twenty-one years of age Mr. Boynton came to Boston and commenced his life worlc with Boynton & Miller, of which firm Honorable Nehemiah Boynton was the senior partner, wholesale grocer and ship chandlers. Mr. E. Boynton becom- ing a partner in 1S49. The firm was subsequently changed to Boynton & Hervey, and yet again in 1S55 to N. Boynton & Company, the subject of this sketch being a member of the firm. In 1SG8, the Honorable Nehemiah Boynton died, and Eleazar Boynton, up to the time of his death, remained the senior partner. Mr. Boynton was married in Boston. October 9, 1852, to Mary, the daughter of Simeon and Sal- ly (Plummer) Chadbourne. Four chil- dren were born to them. They are Mary, Dodge, Edward P., Nehemiah (the present popular pastor of the Clinton Avenue Congregational Church. Brooklyn. New York). Mr. unbroken line of pedigree for thirty generations. Mr. isovnton died June 5, 19(11. WlM.l.V.M .M. lU DWOKTII turning north, he began shipbuilding in .\Iedford. forming with Elisha Hay- den, under the firm name of Hayden & Cudworth. a partnership which con- tinued until ISbo. During that time the firm built 40 vessels, including some of the finest ever launched up- on the Mystic, one of them being the "Hemisphere," a ship of imusual dimensions for those days. This firm hart a reputation for excellent work, and was classed among the best ship- building firms o!' New England. Af- ter retiring from ship-building in 1S65. Mr. Cudworth dirt not engage in ac- tive business pursuits, but took great interest in local affairs, serving the town as selectman and in other capaci- ties, being a useful and hi.ghly esteem- ed citizen. He was a Republican in politics, and in 1860 represented Med- ford in the State Legislature. He at- tended the Orthodox Church. Mr. Cudworth married, March 27, 1851, at Providence, R. I., Mary Catherine Benton, of Denmark, Me. Two chil- dren were born of this union, namely: Geraldine A. and William M. Cud- worth, .Ir. The latter was born in Medford, May 9, 1860, and died in in- fancy. Geraldine A. Cudworth was born January '6, 1852, in Medford, and was educated there. On December 16, 1874, she married Francis Eugene Perley, of Topsfield. She now resides in Mertford with her wirtowert mother. ELEAZAR BOYNTON, son of Elea- zar and Sally iBlatchford) Boynton. was born September 29, 1824, in Rock- port, Essex county. His early educa- tion was obtained in the natural course of attendance upon the public and pri- vate schools of his native village, sup- plemented by instruction at Phillips ELEAZAK nOYNTON Boynton was an active and influential member of the Mystic Congregational Church during his residence here. His fellow citizens bestowed upon him many an official honor. He in turn, al- ways was loyal to them and their in- terests, and notably in late years was honorably conspicuous in contributing largly by his wisdom, his experience in public affairs, and his wide acquain- tance with the leading citizens of the Commonwealth, to the prosperity and integrity of the town he loved so well. Mr. Boynton was a member of the school committee, a member of the board of selectmen in 1861, when the war of the rebellion commenced and chairman of the board in 1861. Hb represented the town in the House of Representatives in 1865, and the First Middlesex district in the Senate in 1885 and 1886. The Boynton baro- nets and peers of England show an CIIALES B. DIXII.^M CHARLES B. iJUNHAM was born in Virden, Illinois, of eastern parents so- journing in the west, who returned with him to . .edford when he was two years old. He was educated in the public schools here, graduating at the iiigh School in the class of 1886. He was president of lue Alumni Associa- tion in j-„. o, when the works of art were presented to the High School and was one of the committee making the selections. After graduating from the High Scnool he attended the Art School of Professor George H. Bartlett, principal of the Normal Art School of Boston. In 1888, Mr. Dun- ham entered the architectural office of H. S. Mackay of Boston, continuin.g his studies privately with professors of the Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology, and in the classes of the Bos- ton Architectural Club. In 1S92 Mr. Dunham was taken into co-partnership with Mackay. Four years later he went to Europe to pursue further study of architecture, travelling ex- tensively on the continent and in Great Britain. He dissolved partner- ship in 1899 and entered business on his own account, continuing to the present time with offices at 6 Bea- con Street, Boston. Mr. Dunham has designed many extensive and costly buildings, among them being the Ho- tels Tuileries, Empire, Ericson and Chesterfield, all on Commonwealth Avenue, Boston; The First Baptist Church (jn JIassachusetts avenue. Ar- lington; Baptist Church at Watertown; First Baptist Church of Hamilton, New York; besides other churches and. business blocks in Boston. Mr. Dun- 154 MKUFORD, PAST AXD PUKSENT IIESIDENiK OF E. P, liOYNTON ham rlesigned the Franklin School- house, Medford; Hose 3 flre station on Salem street, the Kitle Range Iniilcl- ings lor the Lawrence Light Guards: The Randall Block at the corner of Salem and t'mss streets; the stable for the Medford Highway department, and many residences in this city and elsewhere. was a member of the Medford Jubilee chorus under W. A. Webber. For twenty years he has been a member of the Handel-Haydn Society. Mr. Boynton has been honored by that so- ciety three times, being twice elected to its Board of Government and is now serving the third- term. He serv- ed one term as vice-president and one term as Its president. He mar- ried Annie M. Bradley, daughter of Ira and Marietta Bradley, of Maiden, in June. 1877. who died in March, 1893. Mr. Boynton has two sons, Eleazar Bradley and Paul Hervey Boynton. He is a director in the Lauett Mills of West Point, Georgia: Vice Commodore of the Boston Yacht club, and a mem- ber of the firm of Wellington. Sears & Co., one of the largest firms in their line in the country. i;il\V.\Kl) p. liOYNTOX EDWARD P. BOYNTON, son of Eleazar and ivlary C. Boynton, was born in Boston, February 25, 18.55. He was brought to Medford by his parents when one year old. At the age of six- teen he began to sing tenor in the chorus and quartette of the Mystic church and later was connected with the choir of Grace church. He also AI.I)KHM.\N HENRY STEUl.ING 155 MOSES C. VIN.4.I, MOSES C. VINAL was bom in Scit- uate, October 4, 182S, and began his trade of Masonry in New Bedford, Massachusetts. He moved to Med- ford forty-five years ago and entered the employ of J. G. Floyd & Son, and later formed a partnership with Will- iam Northey, until Mr. Northey's death, when he continued the business in his own name until 19i)4. Mr. Vi- nal has one daughter, Mrs. Edward J. Roiiinson, of Magoun Avenue. All his dealings have been honorable with his many patrons, and he has the satis- faction of knowing, as he must, that his work and life have been greatly appreciated by all with whom he has been in business and social relations. WILL C. EDDY, Secretary of the Executive Committee of the 275th An niversary Celebration, was born in Jamestown, New York, October 14, 1857. His early education was in the district schools and finished in the Jamestown Collegiate Institute and High School. His early ancestry came to this country in l(!3il. He is a lineal descendant of John and Priscilla Alden, and eligible to membership in the S. A. R. and Mayflower Descen- dants. On leaving school, at the age of nineteen, he entered the printing and publishing business and has held responsible positions in connection with it. It was through liis efforts that the Medford Historical Society was started, and he has been an active worker in this most active organiza- tion. . His persistent backing of Presi- dent Brown brought about the celebra- tion of the 275th anniversary of the founding of Medford. He is Secretary of Mystic Camera Club, one of the MEDFORD, PASl AND PUESEXT wn.i, c. Kiinv oldest organizations of its kind in the vicinity of Boston, being its represen- tative in tlie New England Lantern- Slide Exchange, with one exception, since the local ciub joined that organi- zation in ISSO. He was for years and is now, secretary of the Mystic Clnb, and tor four years of the Exchange. He was a charter member of Kisling- biiry Lodge, Knights of Pythias, of Rochester, New York, but transferred to the Grand Domain of Massachusetts, where he has become a past chancel- lor, representative to the Grand Lodge, and for five years grand, trustee of the Grand Lodge, having been elected three successive terms. For ten years he was a member of the Republican City Comniiteee, always a worker for oth- ers, but never seeking office himself. Has resided in Medford for eighteen years. He is one of the best known photographers in New England, prin- cipally through his work along his- toric lines. His collection of nega- tives embrace the entire length of the coast from Portland, Maine, to Charleston, South Carolina. PHILLIP SCOTT was born in Edin- burgh, Scotland, December 14, 1871. He arrived in Boston in 1880 and went to Everett school, Dorchester, after- wards moving to East Longmeadow. Massachusetts in 1882, attended the village school and while doing so car- ried the mail from the postoffice to the train. He was the first newsboy in the village, and left school at the age of thirteen, entering the employ of Springfield Electric Company of Springfield, Massachusetts, Mr. Scott moved to Boston and went to work for the Highland Railway just before the consolidation as tow boy, then as con- I'lill.lP seoTT ductor in Division one and two. When the electrics started he went to work in the repair shop at Grove Hall, and then at AUston. He went to South Boston as night foreman at the change from horse to electrics, then as day foreman, afterwards going to Everett and taking charge of the Everett sta- tion. In 1901 he was placed in charge of the Medford station, which is one of the largest on the Boston Eelvated Railway. He married Lydia A. Chip- man of Wellfleet, Massachusetts, No- vember 23, 1890, and has a family of six, four boys and two girls. I.OKEN/.O I'. BENKT LORENZO P. BENET, was born in Boston in 1847, and has lived in Med- ford for the past twenty years. He has been identified with the cigar business during all of his mercantile career, having a large factory at 2.57 1-2 Friend street, Boston, Mr. Benet resides at 40 Emerson street. AI.DIOU.MAN 11A1;K\ IIU. U1,KY 15(j CnAKI.KS li. IILKASOX CHARLES BEMIS' GLEASON, youngest son of Daniel A. and Annie Hall Gleason, was pova at 375 High street, West Medford. September fl, 1872. He was educated in the Med- ford public schools, entering the High MKnFOUD, PAST ASD PliESEXT School as first scholar in his class. Af- ter four years in the High School, under its famous master, Lorin L. Dame, he entered Harvard College, with honors, in the fall of 1890. He graduated in 1894, receiving the de- gree of A. B., "magna cum laude," and entered the Harvard Law School from which in 1S97, he received the degree of L. L. B. In March preceding grad- uation, he was admitted to the bar. and after graduation he entered the offlce of the well known law firm of Ropes, Gray & Loring. Since 1898, ]\lr. Glea- son has been assistant to George C. Travis, attorney for the Boston Ele- vated Railway Company, in the noise cases and other law work growing out of the construction of the elevated rail- way system in Boston. He is a mem- ber of the Medford Club, Neighbor- hood Club, Puritan Club and Eastern Yacht Club, and is a trustee of the Medford Savings Bank. with his parents in 1862. He was edu- cated in the public schools of Lebanon and Kimball Union Academy, Meri- W. .^.KTIMl! .JONES W. ARTHUR JONES', was born in South Wales in 1862. and came to this country when a boy, locating in Penn- sylvania, and learned the trade of cabi- net maker and Joiner, later accepting a position as travelling salesman for a furniture concern, leaving them fif- teen years ago to enter the parquet floor business in Boston. He is presi- dent of the Boston Floor Company manufacturers, wholesale and retail dealers of fine floors and floor sun dries, making a specialty of parquet floors. IVlr. Jones reside*^ at 26 Monu- ment street. CHESTER J. PIKE was born at Chelsea, Vermont, November 8, 1859, moving to Lebanon, New Hampshire, ClIKSTEU ,J. I'IKE den. New Hampshire. Mr. Pike start- ed as a boy at Springfield. Massachu- setts, and in 1879 came to Boston and entered the employ of the National Rubber Company as selling agent, from which firm he resigned in 1888 to a ccept a like position with the Wales Goodyear Rubber Company. I:i 19(13 he was appointed selling agent for the Hood Rubber Company, which position he now occupies. He moved to Medford at the time of his marriage in 1883. EDWARD WHEATON TEELE was born on Forest street, April 27, 1851; has resided all his life in Medford, and for forty years has lived at No. 13 Pearl street. This liouse was the homestead of his father, Benjamin Royal Teele, a well known business man and town officer of Medford, winch was his home from early man- hood, although he was born just with- in the present boundary of West Som- erville. He married Miss Marianne S. Fernald of Charlestown, and Edward W. Teele was their only son. He, like his father, has been interested in town and city affairs, and has served as a member of the Common Council and Board of Aldern\en. He early took up commercial life and is now tlie propri- etor of a wholesale paper business in Boston. He is a member of the pru- dential committee of the First Parish church, with which his father's family has been connected since colonial days. He married Miss Jennie R. Stone of Winchester, and nas had two children, E[>W.\KII W. TKEl^E Bessie and Royal. The son survives, who is the namesake of his grandfa- ther, Benjamin Royal Teele, who in- herited the name from his maternal grandmother, Miriam Royall, one of the famous family of early times. MICHAEL F. DWYER is a native of Medford, having been born on High street in Ward 2 in 1S.53, and is now 52 years of age. He was for many years both as boy and man a resident of Ward 2. from which he moved in 1900 to his present ho.nie on South street in Ward 4. He was educated in Medford's Dublic schools, and has always lived within her borders. Here he learned his trade, and here he went into business on his own account in 1882, and from that time to the pres- ent has occupied the same store in Medford square. He early took an in- terest in public affairs, and from 187S to 1891 frequently served as moderat- or the old town meetin.gs, presiding over all held in 1891, the last year of town government, the city charter having been accepted that year and (he new city government inaugurat- ed in 1892. As moderator, he select- ed and appointed the committee which drafted the original city charter. Mr. Dwyer was elected Mayor at the last election. He is married and has a famil.v of children of which any man may well feel proud. EDMUND T. HASTINGS, the son of Edmund T. Hastings, who was born in Boston in 1787, and died in Medford in 1867. was born in Boston in ISlC, and died in Medford in 1867. During his life in Medford he lived on High street, and was a great social factor. His father did much toward the im- provement of the western part of the city, and was a member of the Society MEDFORD, PAST A.ND PRESENT ^w Joseph Manning, under the firm name of F. R. Poster & Co. Upon the death of Mr. Manning his son, Jas. R. Manning, succeeded him in the part- nership. He was interested in Medford's lo- cal affairs in early life, and was a member of the Are department, and afterwards for two years a member of the board of engineers. In ISdO he served as a member of the board of selectmen. In 1874 he was elected to the board of water commissioners and served the town in that capacity until 1S93. He was for 17 years a trustee of the Medford Savings Bank, and for a considerable portion of that time a member of the board of investment. In 1S50 he married Martha E. Blan- chard, who died in 1852. One son was born to them. Frank G. Foster. In 1^5G be married Emily A. Olcott; two sons were born to them, George O. Foster and J. Manning Foster. He died May 2, 1893. ij£ EDMUND T. TIASTINUS of Cincinnati, and his son, Edmund T., .Ir., succeeded him in that order. His grandfather. Major John Hastings, was an original member of the order. FRANCIS K. FOSTER FRANCIS E. FOSTER was born in Roxbury, Mass., June 29, 1824. Be- fore he reached the age of manhood he came to Medford, and for some years was employed as foreman upon the Wellington farm. Later he en- tered the employ of Captain Andrew Blanchard, lumber merchant, with whom he remained until 1849 when he entered into partnership with Mr. NATIIANIKI, I'. AMI ^ NATHANIEL PLUMER AMES, the subject of this sketch, was born in Campion, New Hampshire, September 4, 1833. In 1852 he came to Medford and established a painting and glaz mg business on Main street, which establishment has been in existence ever since. Mr. Ames has always been noted for his congeniality, his integrity and honesty. He resides at 75 South street. GEORGE HERVEY, than whom there was no more thoroughly Med- ford man in his day, left to the com- munity an heritage of progeny in Hon. James A. Hervey. Franl^ Hervey and George F. Hervey, equal in all res- spects to his noble citizenship. GEORGE HERVEY As one of the earliest brothers of Mount Hermon lodge, F. & A. M.. he was notably loyal to the welfare of the order in days when loyalty im- plied sacrifice. As a merchant tailor, Mr. Hervey set a pace for excellence of worii which has not been surpassed in Medford, if elsewhere. Many years postmaster, he filled the position in a quiei manner, yet with a thoroughness in keeping with his character. Mr. Hervey was a, natural student, and especially enjoyed Shakespeare. He was very quick of wit, graceful in deportment and withal, a thorough gentleman of the old school. DUDLEY COTTON HALL was born in the house on High street now occu- pied by Dr. N. F. Chandler, September 29, 1818. Mr. Hall could tra,ce his lin- eage back for more than 260 years, on the male side, and it is a remarkable fact that all of these male ancestors were born in Medford and continuously resided here. Brooks' History of Med- ford traces his pedigree baelv to 1730, and it is possible that his ancestors previous to that date may have also been residents of Medford. Mr. Hall was one of the very few alive, if indeed he was not the only one, who shook hands with General Lafayette at the time of his visit to Medford in 1824. He was six years old, and remembered the occasion distinctly, and he often spoke of the reception which was held in the old Gov. Brooks house that stood on the site where the Medford Savings Bank is now located. He was educated in the old-line school (Green's), located at that time at Jamaica Plain. On at- taining manhood Mr. Hall formed a partnership with the late Joseph Man- ning, under the name of Manning & Hall, wholesale grocers, and did busi- ness for several years on Central Wharf. Boston. He located at New Or- leans, and for several years acted as 158 MEDFOnn, PAST AND PliESENT DUDI.KY C. IIAI>L purchasing agent for a number of New England cotton mills. He then entered into business in Boston and became largely interested in timber lands in the West and also in New England, the iirm conducting this business being Hersey, Staples & Hall. He retained membership in this firm for several yea.rs and later was in the wholesale tea business on State street, retiring therefrom June S, 1S99. In early life he was a >..iig. He tlien became a Demo- crat, and for years was one of the leaders of the party in Medford. Dur- ing the active business career of Mr. Hall he was a director of the New Eng- land Bank and also served on the board of trustees of the Medford Slavings Bank. His name is to be found on the records of Gen. Jackson En.gine Com- pany, No. 2, and of Washington Hook and Ladder Company, showing that he was interested in the work of saving property from the flames. Mr. Hall was an esteemed member of the "Associates of 1S18" and also of the Veteran Fire- men's Association. In deeds of charity and benevolence Mr. Hall was known to have a quiet and unostentatious way of doing good. Perhaps his best-known gift was "that of the rectory on High street, which he himself superintended the erection of in 1872 and gave to Grace Church parish in the early spring of 1873. JAMES OTIS GOODWIN, son of George T. and Martha (Waitt) Good- win, was boi-n in this city, April 2fi, 1844. His father was born in Plym- outh; his mother in Medford, the daughter of Darius Waitt, a man promi- nent in affairs of this town in the early part of the nineteenth century. On both sides, Mr. Goodwin claims Pilgrim ancestry and, through his mother, descent from John Waite, one of the founders of Maiden. He was educated in the Medford schools, and took a year's course in navigation at the well lencd Ids pres- J cut drug store in the (Jpera House block on High street. Mr. Smith has become immensely iiojiular, not only witli his customers l)ut also with a large circle of WINSEOW JOYCK, son ..f (laknian our i.eoplc. He is projiiietor of llic Su- and Mahala Joyce, was born Feliruary perba alleys, and was captain of the 0, 1844, in this city. He was educated in Medford team in the (xreater lioston lier iiublic schools, and graduated from league. He stands Idgh in the esteem of tlu> High School in ISliU. Jlr. Joyce en- his fellow bowlers. He is well kiU)wn for WINSI.OW JOYCE his deep interest in base ball, being one of the world's famous " Tessie " Brigade of lioston Royal Kooters. His great inter- est in sports led liim to appointment on the committee on athletic sports, ami he was made chairman of the sub-com- mittee on baseball. liesides being a siiorting enthusiast. Mr. Snnth is a mendier of the Elks. Camp 4-'), of the Sons of Veterans, Vet- eran ^'ireman's Associations, and the Manchester Unity of odd F(dlows. RUFUS SAWYER, a man who made a strong impression upon the life of the town of Medford, came here to teach the East Grammar School, Sep- tember 1, 1S52, but was soon after transferred to the Everett School, where he taught until his resignation in 1886 — a continuous service of tnir- ty-four years. None attended his school who do not recall their school days with pleasant memories. As a friend and as a teacher there are hosts who can attest with pleasure to his luany noble traits of character and manliness which manifested them- selves in his daily life. He was born in Bolton, Massachusetts, December 21, 1823. He never married, but the house on Salem street, wdiich he shared with his sister, was always open to his friends and hers. He died August 4, 1896. SILAS F. WILD, driving an ox cart in which were the household ef- fects of his father's family, made his entry into Medford at the age of four- teen, in ISMl!. He was the son of Silas and Ruth (Reed I. and was born in Braintree, Massachusetts, where bis ancestors had lived for five genera- tions. August 21. 1818. His family settled in Medford in the bouse, which, on account of the change in the city line, now stands at the northwest cor- ner of Pleasant street, and the Fells- way, Maiden. At the age of seven- teen, he became the apprentice of Deacon Eells, of whom he learned the trade of ship joiner, which he followed until 18-50, when he bought the provi- sion store in the "old brick block" in the square. At various times he en- gaged in the ice, express and car- riage business. He succeeded Cap- tain Samuel Blanchard as auctioneer and continued to hold a license until his death. He was a member of the Brooks Phalanx; and in 1862. enlisted in Co. F, .5th Infantry, for nine months. He was for several years street com- missioner and selectman. He married in Bradford, M.issachusetts. October 26, 1843, Lucy D. Smith, a teacher at Winter Hill, Somerville, and made his home in the hoase now numbered 189 Salem street, next to the house which his father had built the previous year. This, with the exception of seven MEDVOUll. PAST A XI) PUKSEXT years, was his home for the rest of his life. He died December 15, 1882, The Kditor of the Mercury wrote of liim at the time of his deatli: "He was a thoroughly honest man. blessed with sound common sense, strong of convic- tion, sturdy of purpose, conscious of the duties of citizenship and conscien- tious in their nerformance." WAI.TEK F. CrsllINU WALTER F. GUSHING was born in Medford. September 15. 1857; attended the public schools till fourteen years of age. when, owing to ill health, he was obliovd tu leave the High Si-hmd, whieli he had just entered. The day he left school, he found employment in a sta- tionery store in Boston, and has been connected with that business continu- ously ever since, excepting the inter- val from 1878 to 1881, spent in South- ern California. He has been promi- nent as a society man, is a member of Warren Lodge A. O. U. W.. Medford Council !)4, R. A., Mt. Hermon I^odge F. A. M.. and Mystic Royal Arch Chap- ter, Past Grand of Harmony Lodge, I. O. O. F., and has been for several years treasurer of the First Baptist Church, and a member of its standing cnmniittee; served four years as alder- man, being a member of the first city gov ernnient. and in 1896 chairman of the being a member of the first city gov- board; he was appointed a park com- missioner by Mayor I^overing. and served three years. For fifteen years he has been a member of the well known firm of Adams, Gushing & Fos- ter, 168 Devonshire street. For four years he served as president of the Boston Stationers' Association, and a member of the State Board of Trade as a delegate from that body, and now represents them as a delegate to the Boston Associated Board of Trade. In politics he has always been a Republi- can. FREDERICK B. FURBISH, was born in Eliot, Maine. January 21. 1849. and purchased the house at 50 Park street, moving from Cambridge, Mas- sachusetts, in September, 1902. On September 29, 1872, he married Sarah Lucretia Grant, of South Berwick. Maine. They have had Ave children three of whom are now living: Rena Cecilia. Louis nnd Frederick Baker, Mr. Furbish is now in business in Cambridge as carpenter and builder Vi'here he has been since 1887. RKSIDENCE OF CHARLE.S A. RECORD. 121 Otis Street. JUMl'S A. ZINN JULIUS A. ZINN was born in Ham- burg, Germany, January 13, 1862, and after studying the floral business there for a number of years came to Boston and became identified with the same line of business. In 1896 he establish- ed his present business and has met with every success. Mr. Zinu is identi- fied fraternally with many branches of Masonry. Odd Fellowship, and a mem- ber of several social and automobile clubs. He has resided in Medford for the past eleven years on Dudley street. lilOSlDKNCH OF FKKDEKICK H. FlKUISll 161 JilEBFORD, PAST AN^D PRESENT IRWIN O. WRIGHT AMOS M. ROBERTS FRANK E. CHANDLER RESIDENCE OF SHEPARD BROOKS, GROVE STREET MEDFOIU), PAST Ayj) I'HESEyT WILTOX li. FAY WILToX r>rR(iKSS FAY. tlic smi c.f Benjamin W., and Anna Gove (E<1- munds) Fay. was born at Fairmount. now Hyde Park. Massacluisetts. Octo- ber 3. 18r>5. He was educated in the Boston public sclioois, graduating from English High School in the class of 1883, afterwards attending Ellis school for boys. Mr. Fay prepared foe college but deciding upon a business career entered the employ of Bliss, Fa- byan & Company, as an accountant, and still remains with this concern. He is the son of a prominent manu- facturer of the latter part of the fifties and early sixties. His paternal grand- father was Park Fay. a prominent citi- zen of Southboro. His maternal grandfather was Jonathan Edmunds of Salisbury. New Hampshire, a man of great integrity and intellect. His great uncle. Isaac Fay is well remem- bered as a citizen and benefactor of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Mr. Fay caiiu' ti> Jlcdford tiftccn years ago. He was married to Helen Frances Rich- ardson, daughter of Mrs. Luther F. Richardson of this city, in 1893. They liave (ine child, Katherine Stearns Fay. He is a member of the Middlesex club. Republican Club of Massachusett?, Medford club, Medford Boat club. Neighborhood club and Medford His- torical Society. Mr. Fay is ch.airman of the Republican City committee, which office he has held for the past five years. He is treasurer of the Sth Middlesex district committee, and a member of the Medford Park Commis- sion. .Xiudnsr the many benutitul rcsdeuccs In Medford wliiidi enhancethe appearance of the city. Kids;eb(ilni, the residence of Mr. and Mrs. Wilton H. Fay. Wyman street, may well be classed as one of the finest appointed ami architei'turally liar- uionious. It is Kiifilish in style, and in its surnuuidinys — widl ;uT;uii;ed grounds and adjacent dweJliM^s — has a quiet dionity of an ideal sul)urban home. The Inuise interior is riidily, not lav- ishly, furnished, nor inconsistent with "enuine comfort. .\ spacious hall conveys the first impressions of satisfaction, while the living room on tile left and the charm- ing pink reception ajiartment on the right are in i)erfect accord with require- ments. Then there are the (duimbers, light and airy, with all tludr a))purte- nances an \/-:U7fSEMENTS yust try a TRI-MOUNT CIGAR L. P. BENET & CO. For Sale Everywhere PAPKEE BROTHERS niMlk anb Cream A SELECTED TABLE MILK DELll'EREI) IN ALL PARTS OF MEDFORD DAILY, ALSO LIGHT AND HEATT CREAM IN HALF-PINT, PINT AND i2_UAR7- JARS. Dairies ar Lexington, Mass., and Bellows Falls, Vt. 25 WINCHESTER STREET TELEPHONE JOSEPH A. FABELLO 1f3aiv Bresscr ONE HUNDRED FORTT-NINE SALEM STREET RANDALL BLOCK, MEDFORD GEORGE E. HOLBROOK funeral Director and Undertaker Residence : 49 Dudley Street Telephone 244-2 Adatns^ Cushmg and Foster MANUFACTURING AND IMPORTING STATIONERS 168 DEVONSHIRE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Warren 8z: Torrens (5i'0cev8 374 Salem Street, MEDFORD SYLVESTER LACY Real €$tate Broker and Auctioneer 47 Court Street, BOSTON Residence, 94 Central Ave., cor Grant GEORGE H. BEAN ESTABLISHED i8''i €ut flou)er$ and Bedding Plants WHOLESALE GROWER OF BOSTON FERNS, GERANIUMS and CARNATIONS Funeral Designs a Specialty 242 HIGH STREET, MEDFORD MEDFolUi, PAST AXn rT!ESEXT-AJ>rEnTISEMEXTS SiMmm MOUNTMN RESORTS OF EASTERN & NORTHERN NEWENOLflNDanditie MARITIME PROVINCES T Reached bv the Bosio i^MftlNE ■^^MIROAD jn|llu5trated descriptive pamphlets b^ ( containing complete maps) have been issued under the following titles, and will be mailed upon receipt of 2^ m stamps for each booK_iiS) All AtoNO Shore Among theMouniains Ukesanb Streams FishiwoandHuntino Merrimack Valley IakeSunapee Southeast New Hampshire Southwest New Hampshire TheHoosacCointryandDeerfieidValley Valley of the CoNistaicur AND Northern Vermont Central Massachusetts The Monadnock Region Lake Memphremaogg Portfolios . *9'' Mountains of New England Seashore OF New England Rivers OF New England Iakes OF New England Picturesque New England ,^ HISTORIC— MISCELLANEOUS TmeChARLES RIVERtotheHuDSON Will be sent upon receipt of 6 cents for each book UMMER Tourist Book ^T-' Giving list of Tours and Rates. Hotel and Boarding House list and other valuable information., free COLORED BIRDS EYE VIEWfrohMT WASHINGTON COLORED Bl RDS EYE VIEWof LAKE WlNNIPESftU KEE Sent on receipt of 6'' for each Erall'/Wir,it,oii-sm^lufo7l^senffcryMMrfmer^ ^ ' ' -^n / FLANDERS, OENL PASSR 6. T(CK£T AOEN7 MED FORD, PAST AND PRESENT— ADVERTISEMENTS To a Musical Child IjTb There is nothing that M. will give greater dehght ( than this beautiful col- lection. It comprises one hundred and forty- one songs that have been sung by the chil- dren of all nations for generations ; a fragrant wreath from an old- time garden. The love of music, which is natural in all children, will respond readily to the inspiration of these fine old melodies. The book contains two hundred and twenty-six pages, is printed on paper of the best quality, and is bound in attractive and serviceable covers. Price, $2.00. OLIVER DITSON COMPANY 150 Tremont Street, Boston R. C. SARGENT Bcntist 120 BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON ESTABLISHED 1847 ( by J. N. GIBBS) 3ewclcr ffr Repair, Rtnoi'uit and &// BATCHES, CLOCKS, JElFELRr and Khuired Goodi Optician EYES EXAMINED BT THE MOST APPROFED MODERN METHODS & GLASSES ACCURATELr FITTED Stationer And Dealer in SOU FEN IRS of Hinurie Med ford C. D. TUCKER S MAIN STREET MEDFORD SiSUARE Hervey's Tea Store AND BOSTON BRANCH GROCERY Store Established in 1864 JTi£fh-Clas5 Soocis at JLow iPrices MEDFORD SQUARE Telephone 111-2. Richard D. Kimball Co. HEATING VENTILATING ELECTRIC WATER Beacon Building 6 Beacon St. Boston Globe Gas Light Co. cf Boston, Mass. Incorporated in 1874, under the Laws of Massachusetts for doing a Street Light Business. C They are prepared to give estimates for furnishing and maintaining Gas or Gasolene Mantle Street Lamps. C We Sell, Lease or Contract. C Agents also for the Angle Lamps ; the very best inside lamps. ^I, Gas appliances of all kinds and Agents for the celebrated Khotal and Primus Cooking and Heating Stoves. C Special Line of Gas, Hot Plates and Cookers. GLOBE GAS LIGHT CO. n ^ 79 Union Street, Boston, Mass. MEDFORD, PAST AND PRESENT — AD VERTISEMENTS Hardware Cutlery Garden Tools Wheelbarrows Kitchen Furnishings Wooden Ware Crockery Lamps Bathroom Fixtures Welsbach Goods Ranges Heaters Plumbing Heating Tin Roofing Gas Fitting Page & Curtin 42-48 HIGH ST. Telephone J0>=2 Brown-Ketchum Iron Works INDIANAPOLIS, IND. ©rnamental anb Structural llron aub Steel Fred W. Robinson Sales Age? It 1 66 Devonshire Street - BOSTON GEO. E. CROSBY, Tremiira WM. E. CROSBY, Prcu.lait LUTHER B. LYMAN, Sfa-ft,!^ Telephone 2909 Main Cut and Half- Tone Work Geo. E. Crosby Co. printers 234 & 236 Congress Street BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS CATALOGUES BROCHURES Printers of '•'■Medford^ Past and Present"" MEDFOIID, PAST AXD PliKSKXT ^ AUVIiirnsKMEXTS MEDFORD MERCURY ne A^odel Home Paper PROGRESSn'E AND UP-1()-DATE Witty Mercurials, Able and Spicy Editorials on Local and (Jeneral Subjects. Society and Political News. ^^-^— ^— — ^— — Sl'BSCRIl'TIOX $2.00 a year $1.00 for six tfiontlis EVERY HOME THAT IS AN IDEAL ONE HAS THE MERCURY EACH WEEK MEDFORD COAL CO. We will sell you the best coal cheaper than any other dealer In Medford, Special inducements to those buying now. Watch for our ads in The Mercury, medford Office "Boston Office 92 Riverside Avenue 15 State Street Tel. 215 Medford Tel. 5096 Main MEDFUUl), PAST ASD l-UKSEXT—An\ERT/SEM/:.\7\S MEDFORD'S BOSTON STORE Did \ou know that the dry goods store now known as The Boston Store has been in existence sixty over years ? Yes surely it is one of Medford's land marks, BUT ITS POLICY IS STRICTLY UP TO DATE — always alert to its customers' needs, and open at all times to kindly criticism and suggestions, that it ma\' better serye the people of Medford. We do not claim to beat Boston stores, but we can equal them, and saye you TIME, IFORRT AND MONET %.':%. 8 H I OH ST. MEDFORD, MASS. Incorporated February 1 , 1 900 Capital, 5100,000 MEDFORD NATIONAL BANK OFFERS EVERY BANKING FACILITY OBTAINABLE ija Interest paid on balances of $500 and oyer, subject to check 3^ Interest paid on Certificates of Deposit not subject to check FOREIGN DRAFTS ALL OI'ER THE 110 RED A^LA^4T1C NATIONAL BANK. BOSTON Corrrsponifnts NATIONAL CITY BANK NEH'- YORK i-ouRrH srRHi;T national bank PHIL.-JDEl.l'HI.-J DANA 1. McINTIRE Preudent DANA I. McINTIRE LEWIS H. LOVERING LAWRENCE T. SAWYER ©fficers CHARLES H. SAWYER FiiC Prc^iiient 3?irfttor6 CHARLES H. SAWYER JOSIAH R. TEEL CHARLES H. BARNES Caih'ter WILLIAM P. MARTIN AUSTIN L. BAKER WILLIAM P. MARTIN, jimrni M AUG 15 1905» MEDFOED, PAST AW I'llESENT—AUVEIiTISEMENTS A LITTLE BETTER THAN ANY OTHER C/. Cv. yi. CIGARS Thompson, Brown 8z: Co. Ebucational Ipubli8bei8 76 SUMMER STREET, BOSTON JOHN A. THOMPSON DAVID H. BROWN FRANK SMITH Since 1849 J. E. CAME COi\H^\NY MAKERS OF Billiard, Pool and Combination Tables " Improved Waich Spring " and New "Vivex" Cushions FURNISHINGS AND REPAIRS 114 SUDBURY STREET, BOSTON Telephone Haymarkct 61 *s ■ane *e *e 4« *e *e ■*« ■8H© •9« •8« ■a« •9« ■8« 5« u7?e use of Pictures in Printed Mat- 11 ter attracts the eye of the pubhc and always arouses interest m the narrative. The use of T^icimes H simplifies composition ; a T^idure || with a plain statement of facts has more genuine advertising value than the most elaborate 1 arrangement of types without a picture. a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a* a'* a* a* a« a* a« a« LB Mr '07 ^be flBebtorb Savings JSank CbartereJ), jfebruar? 26, 1869 Assets, May I, 1905 $2,524,247.66 president DANIEL A. GLEASON Vice-presidents SAMUEL C. LAWRENCE WM. GUSHING WAIT XTcustees DANIEL A. GLEASON JAMES P. RICHARDSON J. HENRY NORCROSS J. OILMAN WAITE ROSEWELL B. LAWRENCE NORWOOD P. HALLOWELL WILLIAM B. LAWRENCE EDWARD F. ALLEN JOSEPH A. CHAPIN FRANK E. CHANDLER EDWARD S. RANDALL FREDERICK H. KIDDER WM. P. MARTIN SIDNEY GLEASON GEORGE O. FOSTER CHARLES H. PARKER CHARLES B. GLEASON Hu&iting Committee WILLIAM N. HOMER JOSIAH E. GATES HARRY B. BALLOU 3Boar& of Unvestment DANIEL A. GLEASON, Chairman FRANK E. CHANDLER EDWARD S. RANDALL EDWARD F. ALLEN CHARLES H. PARKER Clerft J. OILMAN WAITE treasurer CHARLES B. BUSS BANK OPEN EVERY WEEK DAY 8.00 to 11.00 A.M.; 3.00 to 6.00 P.M. and SATURDAY, 7.00 to 9.00 P.M. Boston & Maine Railroad THE GREAT RAILROAD SYSTEM OF NEW ENGLANI %\)t ^Bopiilar Courtst 3aoute to t^t VACATION RESORTS of New England and the Maritime Provinces '^ I ^T The shortest and most picturesque route between Boston and Buffalo, Chicago, St. Louis and the West, Southwest and the Pacific Coast. C C C. ^JThe shortest and only line running through sleeping cars between Boston and Montreal, St. Paul and Minneapolis. C. ^ Lo