>^?iw7~^S<^ iSCHAMuen MEMORIAL GENERAL ULYSSES S. GRINT. MEMORIAL ULYSSES S. GRANT FROM THK CITY OF BOSTON. The humblest soldier who carrieil a musket is entitled to as much credit for the results of the war as those who were in command. — Speech of Grant in Hamburg, Germany, 1811. Although a soldier by profession, I have ne%'er felt any fondness for war, and I have never advocated it except as a means of peace. — Speech of Grant in London, ISll. BOSTON : PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE CITY COUNCIL. M I) C C C L X X X V . ELrz ■"-B74- W.T. ]^ib. LH^'' PRESS OF -,!:ROCKWELL& ' -', 5- S^^:' ir:^\ tf / ■ ■ --i) CHURCHILL*- BOSTON. CITY OF BOSTON. I>j Board of Aldermen, October 2C>, 18S3. Ordered, That the Clerk of Committees be authorized to prepare for publication the proceedings of the City Council upon the death of Gen. Ultsses S. Grant, together with an account of the Memorial Services on the 22d of October, at Tremont Temple, including the Eulogy pronounced on the occasion by Rev. Henry Ward Beechek; that six thousand copies be printed, and fifty copies furnished to each member of the City Council, and the remaining copies dis- tributed under the direction of the Committee on Printing; the expense thereby incurred to be charged to the appropriation for Incidentals. Passed. Sent down for concurrence. Nov. 5, came up concurreil. Approved by the Mayor Nov. 7, 1885. A true copy. Attest: AUG. N. SAMPSON, City Clerk. CONTENTS. Services Action of the City Government De:itli of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant Proceedings of the Board of Aldermen Remarks of Ills Honor Mayor O'Brien Resolutions offereel by Alderman Hart Remarks of Ahlerman Hart . Remarks of Alderman Donovan Action relative to attcndinf; Funeral and holding Memorial Proceedings of the Common Council Remarks of William M. Osborne Remarks of Isaac Rosnosky . Remarks of William Taylor, Jr. Remarks of Harvey N. Collison Remarks of Charles W. Whitcomb Remarks of Benjamin B. Jenks Remarks of Francis L. White . Remarks of William H. H. Emmons Meeting in Faneuil Hall . Opening Address of His Excellency Governor Robinson Resolutions offered by Ex-Mayor Prince Remarks of Ex-Mayor Prince . Address of Hon. Charles Devens Memorial Services .... Prayer by Rev. B. F. Hamilton Ode by Mrs. Julia Ward Howe Poem by Miss Louise Imogen Guiney EuLOGT BT Henrv Ward Beecheu Final Proceedings .... Chronological Taisle of the Life of General Ulysses S. Grant Pack 9 n 13 13 16 17 19 21 23 23 25 27 28 29 30 31 31 37 42 46 47 50 61 64 67 69 75 101 105 ACTION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT. DEATH OF GENERAL ULYSSES S. GRANT. Ulysses Simpson Gkant, the eighteenth President of the United States, and the ilhistrioiis Union General, died at eight minutes past eight ocloek, on the morning of Thursday, July 23, 1885J' at Mount McGregor, in the State of New York. For several months prior to his death General Grant had been sufl'ering from a cancerous atfection of the throat, Mhich had assumed a malignant character and seriously undermined his health, and occasioned to his friends the deepest anxiety regard- ing his condition. Upon the advent of warm Aveather his physicians advised his speedy removal from his city home in New York to the more favoralile retirement of the country, and, on the sixteenth day of June, he was accordingly conveyed to the summer residence of Mr. Joseph AV. Drexel, at Mount McGregor, in the Adirondacks. lie arrived at his destination in an extremely weakened condition, but afterwards I'allied, and at times during the interval of liis .sojourn at ]\Iount McGregor seemed fo imi>rove in health and strength. A\'ith characteristic fortitude he bore the torments of a cruel and fatal disease without a nuu-nuu', and almost in the face of death calmly devoted his closing days to the i)reparatioii of his memoirs. This task appar- ently engrossed the mind of the dying hero, and his life was spared long enough to enable him to complete the literary labor he had undertaken. He lingered l)ut a few short weeks in his new home, — weeks of pain and suti'cring on his part, and of tender solicitude on the part of his friends and the nation for 12 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. ■whom 1r' had done so much. His death took place as al)Ove stated, and General Grant passed awaj', surrounded by the meniljcrs of his household and loving friends, and mourned l)}- the ■whole civilized world. The intelligence of the death of General Grant was flashed by telegraph over the country, and, immediately upon the reception of the sad news in Boston, the iire-alarm 1)ells, with their solemn tolling, announced to our pcoi)ie that the d3ing General, whose suflerings had so long held their hearts, had closed his eartlily career. The following call was issued by His Honor Mayor O'Brien to the members of the two branches of the City Council to assemble in their respective chambers and take appropriate action regarding the calamity that had befallen the nation : — CITY OF BOSTON. Executive Dep^aetjient, July 23, 1885. To the Honorable City Council of Boston: — Having been informed of the deatli, vvhicli occurred this morning, of Ulysses S. Grant, ex-President of the United States, you are hereby requested to assemble in your respective chambers, on this Thursday afternoon, at two o'clock, for the purpose of taking such action touch- ing the sorrowful event as will ajDpropriately express the sympathy of our citizens over this national bereavement and their resj^ect for the memory of the illustrious de- ceased. HUGH O'BEIE^^, Mayor. ACTIOX OF THE CITY GOVEUXMENT. 13 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOARD OF ALDERMEN. His Honor JIayor O'Brien presided and read the call, whicli was sent down. The Mayor then made the following: address: — Gextlemex of the Boaed of Aldermex, — It is a solemn event Avhich calls us together to-day. The news of the death of Genei-al Ulysses S. Grant is in the jjossession of the world. Throughout civilized countries the announcement of that sad fitct is visibly felt. The nation, which the dead hero did so much to presei've, has the tmqnalified sympathy of all other lands at this moment. This fact alone is one of the strongest e\idences of the greatness of the departed. T\lien we glance at the past, and reflect on the achieve- ments of General Grant, it is not strange that America keenly mourns his loss. ^STo citizen of the present gen- eration has stood so prominently before tlie public as General Grant, or has rendered more distinguished ser- vices to his country. Comparatively ttnknown at the commencement of the late war, his patriotism and love of country led him to take an active part early in the strug- gle, and his bravery, his courage, and his indomitable Avill soon placed him at the head of om- army. Dm-ing the long struggle that followed, in victory or defeat, he never faltered. Determined and resolute, he felt the importance of his position. He knew that on his success depended the preservation of the Union. He was always true to his country, and his name will be honored 14 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. and respected for all time for the distinguished services he rendered that country in her hour of need. An in- domitable "will and courage characterized his whole life, even through the dark days which preceded his journey into the valley of death. If he had any faults they are forgotten in remembrance of his many virtues. When peace was proclaimed he was elevated by his fellow-counti-ymen to the highest position in their gift. As the successor of Washington, and Adams, and Jef- ferson, and Jackson, and Lincoln, he became, by common consent, the first man in the republic, and it may well be said of him that he was " first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen." j!^ow that he has gone, it is our duty, as liberty-loving peoj^le, to jjlace upon record our tributes of love and re- spect for his memory as a man, a citizen, and a soldier. While all other sections of the Union are remembering him, Boston desii'es to add its grateful acknowledgments for the services he rendered it as a part of this rej^nblic in the dark days of war. Honesty of purpose, coiirage, patriotism, and honor were among the qualities which he possessed in an eminent degree. These were all placed at the disposal of his country at a time when their worth was of inestimable value. The Avhole Union profited by them, and the city of Boston will ever cherish the share of glory and honor which came to it through the efforts of this renowned soldier. In the prime of life he has been taken from among us. With a robust constitution, there was a prospect that he would li^'e for many years, and enjoy a peaceful old age. Providence has willed it otherwise. ACTION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 15 It is sad to reflect that, in the late financial crisis, the last year of his life was one of trouhle and embarrass- ment, through BO act of his, and over which he had no control. He lost his worldly possessions, hut he pre- served his manhood, his integrity, and his honor, by voluntarily giving up all that he possessed, even the presents that a grateful nation and admiring friends had forced upon him. He met the disaster with the same courage and fortitude that marked every act of his public life. His countrymen, liowever, were determined that he should never sufter financially. From all sections of the land Congress was petitioned to place him on the retired list of the ai-my, so as to enable him to pass the remainder of his days in peaceful repose. He was not permitted, however, long to enjoy this manifestation of the gratitude of the nation. It came at a time when the hand of death had marked him as its victim; but it must have been a consolation to liiiii, in his dying hours, to know that his country held him in sucli grateful remembrance. All honor to liis memory! Eternal peace to the great soldier, the true patriot! Since he stood in the breach, some twenty 3'ears ago, the nation has wonderfully in- creased and prospered. We are more united than ever. There is now no doubt about the preservation of the Union. Fifty-five millions of people now mourn his loss and bless his memory. Every State and city and town in the republic now mourns for the illustrious dead. His name for all time will be handed down as the benefactor of his country and of his race. In this hour of mourning we should remember that 16 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. death spares no one. "We must all pass, sooner or later, to that "undiscovered country from whose bourn no traveller returns." "The hoast of heraltln-, the pomp of power. And all that beautj-, all that wealth e'er gave, Await alike the inevitable hour, — The paths of gloiy lead but to the grave." I would suggest that arrangements be made by the City Council to have a formal eulogy pronounced at an early day upon the life and character of General Grant. The Chair awaits the pleasure of the Board. Alderman Hart ofl'ered the following : — Resolved, That the City Council of Boston has learned with the profoundest sorroAV of the death of General Ulysses S. Geaxt, ex-President of the United States. Resolved, That the city of Boston, in common with our fellow-citizens in all sections of the country, desires to express its sincere sorrow over this national bereavement, and to offer its tribute of affection and respect to the memory of the gallant hero whose acts in life have done so much to preserve our Union. Resolved, That liy the death of General Grant the country has lost an illustrious soldier, whose fame is world-Avide, and whose name will ever be reverenced by the whole American people. As a patriot he will be re- membered always with love and gratitude by all future generations. In history the name of Grant must be ACTIOX OF THE CITV GOVr.RX.MEXT. 17 coupled with those of Washington and Lineuhi. Like them he Avas a man of great deeds, the fame of which Avill never die. Besolvnl, That Gent-ral Grant's life is eminently wor- thy of emulation by all intelligent and patriotic young men, noted, as it Avas, for a strict regard for all the virtues in priwite life, and for doing, in his official career, onlv those things AA^hich have i-edounded to the benefit of all his countrymen. The type of citizen Avhich was portrayed by these qualities is the only kind thi-ough Avliich this country can be preserved. Resolved, That the members of the City Council, indi- vidually and collectiA-ely, extend to the afflicted family of the deceased ex-President their Avarmcst and sincere spnpathies in this sorrowful hour. Alderman Hart said : — Mr. Mayor, — The noblest ti-ibute which we pay to the most illustrious men is to understand them rather than to praise them, and to act in our sphere of life, be it wide or narroAv, as the}' acted in theirs. General Grant has been intrusted Avith the very highest powers and honors in the gift of the American people. A special military rank was created that he might adorn it. Yet he re- signed it in order to fill the presidency, to AA'hich he was called by the suftrages of his countrymen. So marked and profuse Avere the favors Avhich the greatest nation on earth — our nation — showered upon the eminent captain who crushed the rebellion, that some of our best-informed and ti-uly patriotic felloAV-citizens charged him AA'ith 18 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. Cpesarism. But what followed? Suspected at houie by the few, who misjudged him, General Grant encircled the globe, and received the heartfelt homage of mighty rulers and great foreign nations. Then he returned to the unostentatious simplicities of private life, and finally, broken in health and fortune, tried to retrieve his shat- tered estate by the humble labors and toils of his pen. Thus has he illustrated the virtues which, in centuries long piist, made Rome the mistress of the world. He has wielded the power of a Csesar Avithout making a Caesar's mistake. He never sought power or place: they were conferred upon him by a free people. He nevei- asked for popular favors: they were offered to him. As very few men he has been honored, trusted, admired, loved. And, lest his cup should run over, he has been called upon to taste the bitterness of life to its very dregs. He has been betrayed by those whom he trusted; he has suffered shame and reproach from those whom he shielded and honored. He has tasted the triumphs of victory, Avhen the cause of our Union was trembling in the scale; twice has he occupied the presidency of the United States, than which there is no higher place on earth; and yet this captain of an incomparable army of freemen, this supreme magistrate of the great republic, has been selected, in the course of nature, which is the providence of Almighty God, to sufler in body, mind, and estate, like the hum- blest and the sorrow-laden of men whose name and fame will not be recorded by the Muse of History. General Grant leaves to us an example of vast power never perverted to the detriment of his country. On the field he fought for the perpetuity of the Union; In the ACTIOX OF TIIK CITY GOVERNMENT. 19 hig-hest civil office he defeiuknl ihe honor of his country; and everywhere he retained that sinipUcity of conduct ■\vhicli is tlie honor of the true republican. And this example, chastened by grief and sorrow, thank God, is imperishal)le. Surely, his fame is secure, and though he himself Avill no longer be seen in the public or private society of his country, the very grief which now fills our hearts with most tender emotions and our eyes with the tril)ute of our tears indicates that in a very high sense a noble man cannot die. The Union, one and inseparable, is not so much his monument as the liandiwork and crown of his immortal dai-ing. He lives in the United States, in the hearts of its people, in all true hearts. And as long as republican freedom lives, so long will General Grant, the great commander, the defender of our honor, and the simplest of men, live as truly as if there were no death, and as if the natural course of a human life were but its own sunrise and sunset. AkIcriiKiii DoxovAX said : — Mr. Mayor, — In rising to second tlie resolutions that have been offered by Alderman Hart, I desire to do so in recognition of the valuable services which have been rendered by General Grant to the nation. The histoiy of our land is full of the deeds of her children who have added lustre to her gloiy; j'et among them all there is not one whose services have been fraught with such lasting results for the people's and the nation's good as those of the dead soldier for wliom Ave mourn to-day. When the war cloud of rebellion lowered upon us, and in 20 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. the darkest days of those stirring times, a strong man was given to us, who, by his ability and generalship, turned the tide of victory in favor of the Union. It is not claiming too much to say that to General Grant, as much as to any one man, we owe the perpetuity of our free institutions and the continuation of our government as an undivided Union. This was accomplished when the rebellion was overthrown and the war was at an end. Called from the camp and field — Avhich he had rendered illustrious in the annals of the world's history — to the council of the nation, he brought the same sterling quali- ties and indomitable will and energy. The ruler of armies became the ruler of a peaceful nation. His administration as President, as regards the individual, was above re- proach. The faults and errors, if there were any, were born of the times, and were the i-esult of the transition through which the people were passing. When from war and armies we changed to the pursuits of peace and happiness no man can say that the chief magistrate of a free people could have been worthier or more patriotic than he who had led the Union armies to victory. In other lands he who serves the state and fights her battles is crowned with titles, gifts of money and worldly honors; but in oui- country they crown the hero with the love of the people. Years have passed since General Grant contributed those great services which will ever render his memoi-y green and give him a place in the people's love with Washington and liincoln. To-day, after having missed a soldier's death, he lies dead, while a whole nation mourns. His last days, though clouded with worldly troubles, were brightened by the esteem and ACTION OF THE CITY COVKKNMENT. 21 love shown for him by his fellow-countrymen. I am forcibly reminded here of that time when rude dissension divided the people of the Union, and of those words of the great General, "Let us have peace." It found an an- swering echo in the hearts of millions. To-day fifty mil- lions of freemen give forth that sentiment, and pray that he to whom they owe so much may rest in peace. On motion of Alderman Donovan a rising vote was taken. The resolutions were passed unanimously. Sent down. Alderman Welch offered the following : — Ordered, That His Honor the Mayor cause the City Hall and Faneuil Hall to be appropriately draped, the flags to be displayed at half-mast upon the public build- ings and grounds, and to have the City Hall and other public buildings closed on the day and the bells tolled during the hour set apart for the funeral of the late Gen- eral Grant. Passed. Sent down. Alderman Whitten offered the following: — Ordered, That a joint special committee, consisting of His Honor the Mayor, the Chairman, and two other mem- bers of the Board of Aldermen, the President and three other members of the Common Council, be appointed to attend the funeral of the late ex-President Grant, the ex- pense attending the same, together with all other expenses incurred, to be charged to the contingent fund foi- joint committees. 22 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRAXT. Passed, and Alderman Hakt and Welch were appointed on said conniiittee. Sent down. Alderman Donovan ofiered the i'ollowing : — Ordered, That a eulogy upon the life and public ser- vices of Ulysses S. Grant be pronounced at an early day before the City Council and the citizens of Boston, and that a committee of three members of this Board, with such as the Common Council may join, be appointed to make suitable an-angements tlierefor. Passed, and Aldermen Donovan, Curtis, and Fernald were appointed on said committee. Sent down. The JMayor read the followinii: : — Executive Depaetment, July 23, 1885. To the. Honor ahle City Council: — I transmit herewith for your consideration a communi- cation from C. F. Hartson, Superintendent of Tremont Temple. HUGH O'BKIEIS^, Mayor. Boston, July 23, 1885. Hon. Hugh O'Brien: — Dear Sir, — As the city authorities will no doubt de- sire to suitably honor the memory of the late great com- mander of our armies, and ex-President of the United ACTION OF THE CITY GOVEKNMENT. 23 States, who has justiiassed away, in behalf of the trustees I respectfully tender to the City Council the free use of Tremont Temple, at such time as they may please to des- ignate for such a purpose, and Remain, very respectfully, C. p. IIAKTSOX, Superintendent. Referred, on motion of Alderman Donovan, to the Committee on Eulogy. Adjourned, on motion of Alderman Hart. PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMON COUNCIL. The Common Council was called to order at 2.20. President Jenkins in the chair, and a quorum present. The call was read and placed on tile. The resolutions adopted by the other Ijranch were read and were put on their passage. Mr. Osborne, of Ward 21, said: — Mr. President, — I rise to utter a few words in sup- port of the sentiments so appropriately expressed in the resolutions befoi'e us. This is the third time in the his- tory of this g-reat nation that the hearts of the Avhole people have been bowed down Avith soitow at the un- timely death of one of our most distinguished men. Twenty years ago last April the assassin's bullet took away from us our good and great President, Abraham 24 MEMUKIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. Lincoln. It was in tlie moment of liis greatest happiness, when the cares, anxieties, and great responsibiUties of a long and bloody war were almost at an end. The great Captain whom we monrn to-day had borne to Washington and laid at his feet the surrender of Lee and the army of "Virginia. Four years ago the whole people Avere stricken Avith grief at the death of the mni'dered Garfield. And noAV to-day we are met to pay our tribute of respect to him Avho has been foremost in the hearts of all the people, oar General of the Army. He was never defeated in Avar, and from Fort Donelson to Aj^pomattox all along the line are Avritten the glories of his great A'ictories. His name is the most illustrious borne by any man in his time. He has stood upon the highest pinnacle of human distinction. His renoAVU has filled every land under the sun, and Avith modesty, meekness, and simplicity he has seen, not only the poor and the humble, but the titled nobility of all Europe and Asia bow and uncover before him. He had that estimable quality of mind and heart that neA^er alloAved him to forget his friends. " Their adoj^tion tried he grappled to them Avith hooks of steel." If he had a Aveakness, it Avas that of trusting his friends too im- plicitly; but it is a weakness rather to be praised than censured. In his terrible suifering he shoAved that same silent endurance and patient fortitude and courage that were ever Avith him as our great commander, and having passed safely and successfully through " the most disas- trous chances of moving accidents by flood and field," he has been left to contend Avith that malignant monster ACTUiX OF TIIK CITY COVEUXMKXT. 25 known as cancer of the thi'oat. niul the lieroism of tlic closing hours of his Ufe, with his mind clear and tranciuil, went beyond that of the battle-field. Suffering untold a"-ony, as the disease daily gnawed at his throat, he fought death as an equal. Mr. President and Gentlemen of the Council, we remem- ber Avhat General Grant did when many of our present voters were in their cradles. We remember the nation's peril, its tribulations, its safety, and how he foresaw its growth, and its destiny. In such a moment as this we i-ecog- nize the dead patriot as posterity and history' will know him. In this recognition the Xorth and the South, the East and the West, Democrat and Kcpubliean, black and white, become as brothers. The dead hero Avrought for us all. Great was he in life, but greater will he be in death. And while time shall last, and mankind shall hear of the deeds of Washington, Lincoln, and Grant, they will stand out as the three great characters of xVmerican histor3\ We will ever guard with equal and sleepless vigilance their mighty woith, and cherish their memories forevei-. " They were the histre lights of their day, The . . . giants. Who clave the darkness asunder, And beaconed us where we are." Mr. RosxoSKY, of Ward 16. said: — Mr. President, — I desire to second the resolutions that have been otfered in respect to the acts and career of the great Union General whose death has just taken place; and I wish to speak from the stand-point of one 26 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. boi'n in a foreign land, who came to this conntiy at an early age, and has ever since enjoyed those privileges which have been secnred to the people of the United States lai'gely throngh the successful efforts of the dead hero whom we now revere. Coming to this country, as I did, when the civil war was in progress, and from a country where military genius was looked upon with tlie greatest admiration I could not fail to take the deepest interest in the stirring events that were then taking place, in the tei-i-ible strife that was raging between the contending armies of the I^orth and the South; and as my sympathies were all in the cause of the former, my attention was especially and immediately called to the leaders of the Union armies. General Grant was at that time just coming into promi- nence, and had begun to make himself felt in the struggle which he was destined to carry through to a successful termination. His genius as a military commander had already asserted itself, and I well remember his gradual but steady progress, from seeming obscurity in an lui- important place in the South-west to the pioud position of Commander-in-Chief of the Union Armies. 2io one who lived in those stirring times can ever forget how the hopes of the nation were centred around this one man, and how, when Lee's snn-ender at Appomattox occurred, and the reliellion received its death-blow, General Grant was hailed as the second deliverer of his country, and assigned to a position side by side, I might almost say, with the immortal " Father of his country," George Washington. The earthly career of the great Union General is now ACTIOX OF THE CITY GOVKKN.MEN T. '2i terminated, l)ut the remembrance of liis great deeds, and the greater benefits he secured thereby to his country, will long linger in the hearts of the jieople. Criticism is out of place npon an occasion of this kind. History, in calmer mood, Avill mete out full justice to the dead hei-o; and, in the meantime, it is but right and projier to refer to those conspicuous traits in the character of General Grant that command our admiration, and that Ave all should eauilate. jNIr. President, I second the resolutions. Mv. Taylor, of A^':l^(l 8, 8;iifT, — It is, sir, a sad duty that devolves iipon me to add to what my friend from Ward ]6 has said in seconding tbe passage of the resolutions. The occa- sion is a cause of regret for our country, our State, and our city. In politics there are principles which divide us, but at such a time as this, sorrow cloaks all Init our mourning in forgetfulness. In tlie country's history tbere have been many men of the hour Avho have received the homage of the American people. To a AVashington, a Jefferson, a Jackson, a Lincoln, and a Grant lias this homage of a great people been bestowed. At such a time as this we forget whatever of doulit we may have had of the wisdom of personal acts, and alone remember the patriot and leader of a host in which many who were dear to us fought for the glory of the old flag. We alone see the American, the soldier, and the loyal citizen, and in our admiration forget our jjrejudices. In his many trials and snfierings for the past jcnr tlie reunited country looked pityingly towards his bedside, and from the en- 28 MEMORIAL OF UIA'SSES S. GKAXT. campments and reunions of the l:)oys Avho -vvoi-e the gray have been sent greetings of i^eace, love, and good-will to the great commander of the blue, and to-day they mourn the common loss of the Avhole nation. In bidding fare- well to General Grant, we do so not as to a successful politician, not as to a military chief, but rather as to a fellow-countryman and loyal citizen. Mr. CoLLisox, of AA'nnl T), said : — Mr. President, — For that great General to whom so often and so justly the hearts of the men of America have ofiered the laurel wreath, for him to-day we twine the cypress. Day after day has the struggle, so sure to end in death, gone on. Hope has given way to anxiety, anxiety to fear, and fear to final despair. Xow the end has come, and the country weeps at the loss of her son who braved danger in all its forms for freedom's sake. His life was above all that of a true American. There is, perhaps, no other land in the world Avhei'e such a career could have been possible. Born in humble state, owing nothing to i-ank, he flies at the nation's call to her rescue; stoutly, too, did he stand for her, — a tower of strength in the darkest hours; and then, when at last peace, follow- ing her victorious eagles, comes again, he is hailed as his country's saviour. Having served bravely and well upon the field of battle, he yields to the mighty cry of his coun- trymen, and is elevated to the chair of Washington to lead in happier and more peaceful Avays the people whom he loved so Avell, presei'ving always tlic simplicity and purity of his chai-aeter, and then goes back to retirement, I'e-. ACTIUN Ul' TllK CITY GOVERNMENT. 29 taining still the love of all. Wherever floats the starry flag of freedom, the flag that insiiired our dead hero in the victorious and glorious services he gave his country that liberty and unity might continue to exist in the Western World, the name and the fame of Ulysses S. Grant, soldier, President, patriot, are known everywhere, even to the humblest and lowliest of God's creatures. I need not tell you of the life of this man. It is an open book, which every man has read, and, reading, wondered and admired. !N^ow the last page, the last words, have been written; never will that book be closed, but still open will it remain as the years and the ages roll on forever ceaselessly, an inspiring incentive to love of country. Mr. "WHiTCorvrii, of '\^';u■d 18, ,s;ii(l : — Mr. President, — I desire to add but a word to the tributes already paid to the departed by the eloquent remarks of my fellow-members in the Council. As I listened to their inspiring and fitting words I have been reminded how inadequate to exj^ress the wide- spread grief of our nation and city are all human utter- ances. General Grant, our grandest soldier since the days of Washington, a sufferer for months with a malig- nant disease, and without complaining, has at last l>een released from his earthly bondage, ami his patient and patriotic soul borne to its haven of final rest. But although he, by his physical presence, will never again inspire the victoi'ious army on martial fields, nor success- fully undertake the important responsibilities of ofiicial civil life, Avhich as President of the United States he so 30 MEMOKIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. modestly assumed, yet his-noble cai-eer, as remarkable as it was honorable, slwll, in its perpetuation in the history of oui- country, live forever an enduring monument to his patriotic zeal in behalf of the cause of human liberty and to his undying and exemplary devotion to the welfare of his native land. May the grateful memory of a sorrow- stricken people keep forever fresh in the minds of our youth the name of one of ' America's most honored Presidents, and greatest benefoctors, Ulysses S. Grant. I join most heartily, Mr. President, in seconding the resolutions. Mr. Jknks, of Ward O, said : — Mr. President, — To-day the tolling bells of mourning announced to the citizens of the repubhc that a most illus- trious and honored man had passed away. For weeks a grateful and sympathetic people had directed anxious attention to the bedside of the patriot sufferer. "We gladly embrace the occasion to ofter our tribute of respect and devotion to the memory of one whom, through years of trial and advei-sity, when the life of the nation was endangered, was regarded as onr leader, and in whom we placed our foith, confidence, and dependence. Later, when the impending dangers of civil discord had rolled away, we recall the unanimity and enthusiasm with which a gi-ateful people called him to the enjoyment of the highest honor in the gift of the i-epublic. His term of office expired, modest and unassuming, he retired to private life with the blessings of all his fellow- citizens upon him. That one, whose life had been spent ACTION OF THE CITV GOVERNMENT. 31 in the midst of dang-er and great aftairs, should be taken from us by insidious disease, Avhich ])reyed upon his life and rendered his last moments those of great suflerin"- and pain, we can but deeply deplore, recognizing through it all the heroic fortitude with wliicli lie bore the afHietion. Sir. "White, of Ward 17, said: — Mr. President, — It seems to me that T can add nothing moi-e to what has been covered by the I'esolutions. He who was our gi-eatest citizen, a man more eminent and honored here and abroad than any citizen or ruler of any nation, has been stricken with death. He was an undaunted soldier, a magnanimous conqueror, the Presi- dent and ruler who loved his whole people and his whole country. He stood befoi-e the world the first American citizen, not because he was the leader of our armies or the President, but because he represented American citizen- ship in all its breadth ; and his memory will be loved and cherished by the people of the North, South, East, and West, as long as the stars and stripes are the emblems of our nation. T join, Mr. President, in seconding the resolutions. Mr. Emmons, of "Ward 1. said: — Mr. President, — I, too, endorse the resolutions now before the Council. It is fitting that the city of Boston should meet by its representatives on this day and testify to the respect which we have for the distinguished dead, 32 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. and to mingle our sorrow with that of the rest of the citizens of this republic, and with the ftimily of the de- ceased. On this day the eyes of the civilized world are turned to Mt. McGregor. There lies a man, stricken Avith death only this moi-ning, who made a name which shall be immortal. That man, born in obscurity a little moi-e than sixty-three years ago, spending forty yeai's of his life in obscurity, bounded in four years to the foremost place in this nation. That man must have been a man of o-enius. That man must have been raised up of God to meet the emergency which came upon this nation. And well did he meet that emergency. Starting in the "West Avhen the disasters to our arms in the East had cast down the nation, and rendered us fearful that a great calamity mif>-ht come upon us which would ruin the nation, — starting in the West, at Fort Donelson, he threw the first ray of cheer upon our darkened horizon; and from that day to Appomattox, as has been well said, he brought us nothing but good tidings. In every emergency, wherever he has been placed, he has acquitted himself as a faithful servant, and as the master of the situation. When at Yicksburg, the attack upon the N^orth had failed, when the design of cutting ofl' the city by a canal hud failed, j)assing his army down the Avest side of the river, compel- liu"- the o-unboats to mui the batteries that crowned the lieight and lined the Avater-side, throwing his army across to the south side of the city, and swinging out from his base of supplies, he fought tAvo armies at once, separated them, drove one army into Yicksburg and there imprisoned it, and then defeated the other, — the man that did that must have been a man of genius, especially ACTION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 33 when wc Icnow that he did it in the face of the adverse counsels of most of his subordinate officers. When one army was shut ujj in Chattanooga, when another army was beleaguered at Knoxvillc, General Grant Avas summoned to the relief of those armies, and well did he acquit himself there. Summoning his forces from dilierent quarters, until he was able to assume the aggressive, he fought the battles above the clouds, stormed Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, and drove the enemy back. The man who did that was cer- tainly a military genius of the highest order. Summoned afterwards to take coimnand of the Army of the Potomac, I well remember when he came there, for I was one of the humble soldiers of the army. I remember with what cheer he came to us, and how we believed he would finally lead us to victory; and he did. And soon the Wilderness and Appomattox crowned the victorious army with success, and crowned him with laurels also. At Appomattox not only was he crowned with military laurels, but he was crowned with other laurels too. The foe having laid down his arms, the spectacle was presented of the victor feeding the van- quished, and saying unto them, " Go, and be disturbed no more, so long as you observe your parole and the laws of the land." From that time to this they have not been disturbed, and it was owing to the clemency of General Grant, I have no doubt, that much mischief was averted from this nation. I think that in the battles of the "Wil- derness the genius of General Grant shone out most illustriously. It may be easy to read of those battles, to see that so many thousand men battled with each other, 34 ME.MDKIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. that so many were killed and wounded; but to woi-k out the details of those battles required a master mind. Op- erating troops in the midst of woods is no easy task ; but General Grant distinguished himself there, and showed the military genius which he had exhibited through the war. Forming his lines with the roads in his rear he was ready to meet the attack of General Lee whenever he chose to bring on his eohunns to the assault. Break- ing a portion of his army from the right of his line, he marched it by the road in his rear and placed it upon his left, keeping the remainder always in line ready for attack. In that masterly way he Avorked his way to Petersburg, and fought his way from there to Eichmond. Elevated by his fellow-citizens, after the glorious close of the war, to be the President of these United States, he acquitted himself as well as it was possible un- der the circumstances. It was as a military man that General Grant's genius is most acknowledged. As a business man he was evidently not a success. In all other walks he did not exhibit the genius which he did in military affairs, and it is evident to my mind, from tlie circumstances v/hich took place, that he was the instru- ment raised up of God to meet the emergency. "When the war commenced no man on this continent had seen a hundred thousand men under arms. The wars of the Revolution were fought with a handful of men; battles were won in Mexico with a few thousand soldiers; and to place a man at the head of hundreds of thousands of men, as was done at the outset of the late war, would certainly have ended in disaster, unless he was raised up and had the training for it. General Grant commanded ACTION OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 35 a company, and llicn a regiment, and passed tln-oiigli various degrees of promotion, each step preparing him for the nest, and each experience preparing him for the entire charge of the army. And well did he do it. And he has shown the same fortitude in his sickness that he did in l)attle. He has sternly faced the foe, and he has fought the good fight to its end. His career is now over, and we can say, ]^forth, South, East, and West, with no bit- terness, with no animosity, that the name of General Grant will live as long as history records an illustrious name upon its pages. The resolutions were passed in eoncurreiiee hy ;i unaninious rising vote. Messrs. Osborne, of AVard 21; Dennc}*, of AVard 12; and White, of "Ward 17 were joined to tlie committee. The order for the display of flags, tolling of bells, etc., on the da}' of General Grant's funeral was passed in concurrence. The order for a eulogy was passed in concurrence, and Messrs. Coe,' of Ward 23 ; Ennnous, of AVard 1 ; Taylor, of Ward 8; Hersey, of Ward 21 : and W. II. Alurpliy. of AVanl 3, were joined to the committee. Adjourned on motion of Air. Rosnosky. ' Mr. Whitcomb, of Ward 18, was subsequently appointed on the committee, in place of Mr. Coe, who resigned. MEETING IN EANEUIL HALL. MEETING INFANEUIL HALL. In accordance with the expressed desire of many citizens a public meeting was called in Faucui] Hall for JMonday, the twenty-seventh of July, at twelve o'clock noon. At the appointed time the hall was well filled with a representative gathering of people anxious to listen to words of eulogy of the nation's fore- most citizen. Among those on the platfoi-m were His Excellency Governor George D. Eobinson, His Honor Mayor Hugh O'Brien, Judge Charles Devens, ex-Mayor F. O. Prince, Hon. Henry 13. Pcirce, Secretary of State ; Hon. F. W. Lincoln, Solomon B. Stebbins, Edward S. Tobey, Thomas J. Gargan, Dr. H. I. Bowditch, Matthew Bolles, Bishop Mallalieu. The meeting was opened with remarks by the IMayor, who spoke as follows : — OPENING EEJIARKS OF HIS HONOR IVIAYOR O'BRIEN. Surrounded by these draperies of mourning, the occasion that calls us together is solemn and impressive. The great soldier, on whose strong arm we relied in our hour of need, lias at last been conquered. Death claims the victory, and ^ye bow down to the Supreme "Will. But a few lioui-s after the telegrani announced the death of General Grant the City Council met and paid a tribute to his memory. It is also very apjjropriate to 40 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. open the doors of Faneuil Hall and invite our citizens generally to unite in honoring the illustrious dead. In this historic hall, sacred to the memory of "Warren, of Paul Revere, of Sam. Adams, of John Hancock, and other revolutionary spirits who laid the foundation of this great nation, it is but right that we should do all we can to honor the name and memory of the great soldier, who, in his day and generation, did more than any other man to preserve it. I will now request His Excellency the Governor of the State to preside on this occasion, and I take pleasure in introducing him. Thus introduced, the Governor came forward amid applause. He said : — I take the liberty to call upon Bishop W. F. Mallalieu, of itiew Orleans, who Avill invoke the Divine blessing. Bishop Mallalieu oflered the following prayer: — "Lord, Thou hast been our dwelling-place in all genera- tions. Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever Thou hadst formed the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting Thou art God." But we are like the " grass which groweth up ; in the evening it is cut down and withereth ; " and yet in deepest sorrow we turn to Thee, the source of all comfoi-t; in darkest hours we look to Thee for light; when all earthly helps and hopes fail Ave trust still in Thee, since each child of Thine may say, " Yea, though I walk through the Yalley of the MEETIXC; IX FAXEIIL HALL. 41 Shadow of Death I will fear no evil, for Thou art with me. Thy rod and Thy staff they comfort me." O God! we Avalk even now amid the shadows of death, and we call upon Thee to he near us and let us feel Tliy presence and Thy love. Thou hast visited us and taken from us the idol of our hearts. A prince and a mighty man has fallen. The faithful husband, the loving father, the stead- fast friend, the truest patriot, the grandest leader of men, the ever victorious general, the most magnanimous con- queror, the incomparable statesman, the most patient of sufferers, the lunnl)le Christian, our own beloved God- given Grant rests from his trials while the nation mourns his loss. - God pity us and have compassion upon us! We thank Thee, our heavenly Fathei-, that in the day of trouble Thou didst raise up this man; that Thou didst keep him amid all perils and didst enable him to preserve the life of the nation, and secure for all its people the blessings of civil and religious liberty. "We thank Thee for the bright example he has left to us and to future gen- erations, of courage, perseverance, heroism, unselfish philanthropy and patriotism. We thank Thee that at last he was permitted to pass away in peace and quietness, blessed Avith the loving ministries of Avife and children and friends, and comforted by the warmest sympathies and prayers of all the people of this laud. And now, O God! we most hmnbly pray Thee to bestow Thy blessing upon us who are assembled in this place hallowed by im- mortal memories. May this hour be one of lasting profit to all our souls. As we think of hini whose virtues we commemorate may grace be given ils to emulate nil that 4:2 MEMOKIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. was excellent in his charaetei* that we may share with him the Divine approval. But we pray Thee, as all our people, North and South and East and "West, shall l)ow in solemn, tearful silence around the dead, may all wrath and bitterness be banished from all hearts, and may friendship, unity, and righteousness everywhere prevail and abound. We tenderly commend to Thee the deeply afflicted family. God of all mercy and grace, bless the widow, be near her to comfort and console, to soothe and strengthen, to watch over her in all the future, and let Thine own mfinite love be her abiding portion. Bless the children, and in all the years to come may they share in the richest gifts of Thine own bountiful hand. O God! sanctify to the good of our own nation and rulers, and to the good of all the nations and rulers of the earth, the life and death, the example and influence of the departed. Give us such divine help that we may live in Thy fear, and faithfully perform our Avork, and then bring us to the rest and home of Thine own children, lor the sake of Jesus Christ, Thine only Son, our Saviour; to whom with the Father and the Holy Spirit be all praise and glory, woi'ld without end. Amen. ADDRESS OF HIS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR GEORGE D. ROBINSON. The sadness of the event which touches all hearts brings this assemblage together to-day. Everywhere throughout the land, whether in the crowded city or in the remote cottage, there is a deep feeling of sympathy MEETING IN FANEIIL HALL. 43 and personal bereavement because one who was dear and great and true has gone out from the poo[)K; forever. My lips are not to speak liis eulogy here, nor is it the duty of tliis moment to attempt to make a just and fair and comprehensive estimate of his work and life. We pause ere the grave opens to receive his remains, and Avith bowed heads recognize the hand of the great Providence over us; proudly chei'ishing the memory of him whom we loved and honored and trusted, we pause for a moment amid our tears and our sighs to express appreciation of his life. The great hero, over whose bed of pain and sutfering for man}' months, millions have bent day after day in tearful sympathy and prayerful hope, that great hero was none the less one because he was of the common lot of humanity. He Avas a man bom under no circumstances of fortune but found in the call of the country to duty, a sum- mons to a development to which his great powers and unflinching fortitude and unmoved calmness never proved unequal. The stoiy of his rapid advancement from the unevent- ful life of a private citizen, by successive victorious steps in campaign after cami)aign, until in response to the universal demands of the peo])le he became the great chieftain of the greatest armies that were ever marshalled, in the most remarkable conflict of the world, — that story is wondei'ful beyond woi'ds to describe. One need not recount it here; the facts are within the memory and knowledge of the great body of our people. Again, too, we linger not to speak of his career as the great civil magistrate of this republic; we point not to the leading 44 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. acts of his adininistration; we leave to history tliat shall be written in the coming years the full estimate of his great life in the field and in the presidential chaii-. But there is one thought that to me demands emphasis at this time, and out of it conies the impression that is so firm in the hearts of the people. True, his opportunities and success as a military leader placed him before the people; again is it true that his exalted station as President of the United States moved him farther forward into the first rank among men; but I dare say that the people have felt closer to Ulysses S. Grant, and had a deeper symj^athy with him, and a surer trust in him, not because of his military leadership alone, nor of his services as Chief Magistrate of the Republic, but because he was first and last a true American citizen. Stepping from citizenship through the high I'anks and places of power, he was yet man enough Avhen the respon- sibilities could be laid down, to put aside his great influ- ence and control, and to be one among his fellow-men. iNo flattery ever nnmanned him; no honoi's, however abundantly they Avei-e bestowed, at home oi' abroad ever corrupted him; no attentions ever swerved him from the constant, prevailing recognition that he Avas an American. Indeed, he illustrated through all his life the sure and perfect type of the strong, intelligent, loyal, fearless man, unspoiled by honors. More demands our admiration at this time. i*^o one fails to see his great power as a man among men manifested to a higher degree in his particijiation in home life. He, the loving and true husljand, the fond father, found in the domestic circle the greatest MEETING IN FANEUIL HALL. 45 delights of his lile. And as tlie w('el-i-eat civil strife. The crowds that collected about his house in the great city, Avhen some two or three months ago his death seemed immediate, were not mere curiosity- seekers, — there were fathers and brothers; there were mothers that had given their sons; there were girls, elderly women now, who had given up their lovers. To me these groups seemed infinite!}' affecting, for they were those Avho in that struggle had parted forever from their best and bravest. To the great chieftain who had led them thi'ough so many a iiot and bloody day they brought the unite offering of tlieir reverence and love, for it was to him they owed that those noble lives had not been sacrificed in vain. As he was the chieftain so he was the representative of the Federal army; that army which, springing from the people itself, vindicated the in- tegrity of the American Union, swept fi-om its States the curse of slavery and lifted a nation to a higlier and nobler life. Long since that great ami}' has passed away, yet it shall not be forgotten that in its day and generation and in its time and place it did for this country deeds worthy of immortal honor. It is twenty-foiu- years since the g-reat battle summei' of 18G1. To each of us they have brought joy and sorrow in their mingled web, but Ave turn back to that time fi-eshly still as the tolling bell and the muffed drum announce that Grant has sunk to his Hnal repose. " No'er to the chambers whoro the mightT|- rest Since their foundation came a nobler jruest." 52 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. To-day is not one for criticism even if it l)e candid, and not nnlvindly. Our sense of loss is too acute, our emo- tions are too keen. Xor perhaps at any time could those of ns who have followed him, who have known what it Avas to lean upon that determined will, who have seen him with the lig-ht of battle on his cheek, assnme ever to speak of him Avith the cold neutrality of impartial history. If to that great tribunal all mnst come we are not competent to sit thereon as judges. Some future histoi-ian, some Parkman, some Bancroft, shall compare him with the great captains of antiquity or of modern history, shall weigh in nice scales his successes or his failures, the means at his command, the pui-poscs he had in view, the resnlts he finally accomplished, and shall then assign him his appropriate place. Higli although it must be, for this I shall care little, for his name is written indelibly upon a nobler list. His place is not with the Caesars and the Hannibals, the Fredericks or Kapoleons, and the conquer- ors of earth who have waded to fame or empire thi-ough blood and cai'uage, but with those who in the hour of danger and distress have borne upon their shoulders the weight of mighty States, who have prefei-red patriotism, duty, and honor to any selfish aggrandizement, wlio have drawn the sword reluctantly, who have sheathed it will- ingly when the time for reconciliation had come, and at the head of Avhom stands peerless and innnortal our own "Washington. His fiime, like that of Washington, shall form forever one of the brightest jewels in the radiant crown of the Republic. It shall broaden and Avideu as her domains shall spread, as her vast and fertile wastes shall be peopled, and as great cities shall rise whei-e to- MEETING IN FANEUIL HALL. 53 day only the hum of the wild bee breaks the stilhiess of the fragrant air. Yet to no generation of men ean he be all that he has been to us. Already to many almost ap- proaehing middle life his achievements are but historical. But in lis, who were of his time, there is a personal love and veneration tow^nrd him which cannot be communi- cated to others. All around him throughout the broad land there stretches the Avide circle of those who perhaps never looked upon his bodily jMX'sence, that feel his loss as a personal grief. He has so inwrought himself with their just and patriotic feeling in the years that are past, that to them the earth itself seems less fair, this gor- geous, glowing summer less bright, now that he is gone. "Willingly would I speak some words that shall tell the love we have borne him, the honor in which we hold his great deeds, the gratitude w^e have for all he has so sjilendidly done, but I realize how poor my utterance is. The mean and soidid pecuniary cares that vexed his closing years of life but showed how ti'uly resolute and upright he was. In selecting men in military life in whom to repose confidence, his view was singularly correct and just; it might be said to be perfect. He was a soldier to the inmost core ; he knew everything that he needed then and made no mistakes. His education and studies had not fitted him with the same judgment in civil life. It was an error of a trustful, generous nature that led him to stand by those in whom he had once reposed confidence, even after there Avas legitimate reason for dis- trust. He gave generously and withdrew reluctantl}^, and thus as a civilian he was more than once grievously abused in official life. That he should show the same 54 MEMOKIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. disposition in dealing with his private and personal affairs might have been anticipated. But it was an error which most grievously he was compelled to answer. Betrayed by cnnning, intriguing knaves, when finnni-ial ruin came he met it with the old calm resolution. He was ready at once to strip himself of all he possessed, even of the very gifts which Avere the just memorials of his fame, that he might satisfy.those Avho had trusted in him. Financial and commercial honor were as dear to him as any other honor. Calmly and resolutely he devoted him- self to those unaccustomed labors by which he hoped to provide for those he w^as to leave behind him, and although racking pains always assailed him, although the weary brain and the once strong hand from time to time refused their office, he had the satisfaction of knowing that what he had undertaken he had accomplished. Rec- ognition of his great services, even if somewhat tardily, came in his restoi-ation to that position in the army Avhich he had resigned in obedience to the call of the country, and it was a profound gi-atifieation to him to feel, ere he passed away, that the pecuniary future of his family would be ]irovided for. Let them believe tliat the tender- est love of a grateful people will encompass them always. It is twenty years since the only name worthy to be mentioned with that of General Grant has passed into history. It seems like a caprice of fortune that while the great soldier of the war of the rebellion went almost unscathed through an hundred fights, its gi'eat statesman should die by the assassin's hand. As to the great Hebrew chieftain who had led Israel through the Red Sea and the desert, it was ordained that he should but look on MEETIN(i IX FANEUIL HALL. 0() the i)i-oini.seil land, so to Abniliaiu l/nifoln it Avas i;iven but to know that the Union was restored, that liis life's woi'k was done, and to die in the hour of final triumph. Between these great men from the day they met, and they had never seen each other's faces until after nearly three years of wai-, until the day Mr. 'Lmeoln died, there had been the most generous confidence, the most trustful regard, the most firm faith that each had done in the past and would do in the future the utmost possible to sustain the other. IIow like a wondrous romance it reads, that in that time of less than three years, from a simple captain, whose offer of his services to the War Department was thought of so little consequence that the letter, although since carefully searched for, cannot be found. Grant had risen from rank to rank, mitil he became the Lieutenant- General who was to unite all the military springs of action in a single hand, to govern them by a single will ; to see, to use his own expression, that the armies of the Union pulled no longer " like a balky team," but were moved and animated by a single purpose! Yet his Avay had not been one of uninterrupted success, and there had been no success that had not been won by his own wisdom and courage. He had seized and controlled the Ohio and held Kentucky in the Union ; he had opened the Tennessee and the CumlK'rland by the victories of Forts Henry and Donelson; but the nuich misunderstood battle of Shiloh had reduced him, imcomplainingly always, to a subordinate command under General Halleck, whose own failure at Corinth finally gave to him the command of all forces operating to open the Mississippi. Again 5G MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRAXT. and again dnring the often repeated repulses from Yicks- burg, there had been attempts to remove him, mainly at the instanee of those who did ]iot comprehend the vast- ness of the prol)lem Avith -which he had to deal. Mr. Lincoln had stood by him, saying in his peculiar way, '^ I rather like that man. I guess I will try him a little longer," until at last Ticksburg was taken bj^ a movement marked with the audacity of a master in the art of Avar, Avho dares to violate established rules and make excep- tions, Avhen great emergencies demand that great risks shall be run. The -ith of July, ISGo, was the proudest day the armies of the Union up to that time had ever known, fur the thunders of the cannon that announced in the East the great victoiy of Gettysburg were answered from the West by those that told that the Mississippi in all its niiii'htv length ran unvexed to the sea. Ilis victory at Chattanooga followed the placing of the armies of the "West under his sole control, and the time had come when he was to dii-ect the armies of the whole Union. His place Avas thereafter Avitli the Army of the Potomac as the n^ost decisive point of struggle, although its immediate connnand remained Avith General Meade. It Avas only thus and through its A'icinity to the capital that he could direct cAcry military operation. As he entered upon the great campaign of 1864, Mr. Lincoln said: " If there is anything Avanting Avhich is Avithin my poAver to ffive, do not fail to let me know it. And noAV Avith a brave army and a just cause may God sustain yon." And General Grant had answered, " Should my success be less than I desire or expect, the least I can say is the fault is not Avith you." MEETING IN FANEUIL HALL. 57 Side by side they stood together thus through all the desperate days that ensued, until in April, 1865, the terrific and protracted struggle was ended between the two great armies of the East; the long-tried, always faithiul Army of the Potomac held its great rival, the Army of North Virginia, in the iron embrace of its gleaming wall of bayonets, and the sword of Lee was laid, figuratively at least, in the conquering hand of Grant. Side by side Lincoln and Grant will stand for- ever in the pantheon of history, and somewhere in the eternal plan we would willingly believe those great spirits shall yet guard and shield the land they loved and served so well. Whatever General Grant's errors or his Aveaknesses, — and he was mortal, — like the spots on the sun they but show the brightness of the surrounding surface, and we readil}' forget them as we remember the vast debt we owe. Whether without him we could have achieved success, it is certain that only through him we did achieve success. He Avas thoroughly patriotic, and his patriotism sprang from his faith in the American Union. He had been educated to the service of the government; he had looked to this rather than to the parties that exist under it, whose zeal sometimes leads men to forget that there can be no i)arty success worth having that is not for the benefit of all. His political affiliations were slight enough, perhaps, but they had not been with the i^arty that elected Mr. Lincoln. He knew well, however, that this frame of government once destroyed could never be reconstructed. He had no faith in any theory which made the United States powerless to protect itself. He 58 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. comprehended fully the real reason >vhy the slave States, dissatisfied with just and necessary restraint, sought to extricate themselves from the Union; and he knew that a war commencing for its integrity, would broaden and widen until it became one for the liberty of all men, and there was neither master nor slave in the land. His letter to his brother-in-law, lately published, although written during the first week of the Avar ; his written remark to General Buckner in their interestiuii- interview iust before he died, " that the Avar had been worth all that it had cost," show how strongly he felt that, purified by the fires of the rebellion, the Union had risen grand and more august among nations. Who shall say he Avas not right? Who shall say that if all the noble lives so freely olfered could be restored, but with them must return the once discordant Union Avith its system of slaver}^, they Avho gave would consent to have them purchased at such a price? General Grant Avas not of those Avho supposed that the conflict Avith the South Avas to be any sunnner's day campaign; he knew the position of the South, its re- sources, its mihtary capacity, and the fact that acting on the defensive it Avould move its armies on interior lines. He recognized the difficulty in dealing Avith so vast an extent of territory, and that in a war Avith a hostile people, rather than a hostile army only, Ave could often hold but the tracts of territory immediately under our camp-fires. Yet he never doubted of ultimate success. He never believed that this country Avas to be rent asunder by faction or dragged to its doom by traitors. He said to General Badeau once, Avho had MEETING IN FANEUIL HALL. 59 asked him if the prospect never appalled him, tliat he had always felt i^erfectly certain of success. Thus though to him many days were dark and disastrous, none Avcre despondent. "The simple faith in success you have always manifested," said Sherman to him, "I can liken to nothin"- else than the faith a Christian has in the Saviour." His remarkahle persistence has caused him sometimes to he looked on as a mere dog^'ed fighter. Xo suggestion coidd he more preposterous. He felt sure of his plan hefore he commenced, then temporaiy obstructions and difficulties did not dismay him, and whatever wei-e the checks he went on Avith resolution to the end. If stern and unyielding in the hour of conflict, in the hour of victory no man was ever more generous and magnanimous. He felt always that those Avith whom we wari'cd were our erring countrymen, and that, when they submitted to the inevitable changes that war had made, strife Avas at an end. But he never proposed to yield or tamper Avitli what had been won for liberty and hiunanity in that strife. He has passed be3' the Presidency three vital questions were to be solved : — L The statns of the four miUion emancipated slaves. 2. The adjustment of the political relations of the dislocated States. • 3. The restraint and control of that gulf-stream of Finance Avhich threatened to wash out the foundations of honest industry, and which brought to the nation more moral mischief than had the whole war itself. We are in peril from golden quicksands yet. Grant was eminently wise upon this question. His veto saved the country from a vitiated and corrupting circulation. The exaltation of the domestic African to immediate citizenship was the most audacious act of faith and fidelity that ever was witnessed. Their fidelity to the duties of bondage was most Christian. In all the Avar, knowing that their emancipa- tion was to be gained or lost, there was never an msui'rec- tion, nor a recorded instance of cruelty or insubordina- tion. This came not from cowardice; for, when, in the later periods of the war, they were enlisted and drilled, they made soldiers so brave as to extort admiration and praise from prejudice itself. They deserved their liberty for their good conduct. But Avere they prepared for citizenship? The safety of our civil economy rests upon the intelligence of the citizen. But the slaves in mass Avere greatly ignorant. It Avas a political necessity to arm them with the ballot as a means of self-defence. In many of the Sonthern States a probationary state 96 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. would have been wiser, bat in others it would have re- manded them to substantial bondage. In this grand department of Statesmanship, General Grant accepted the vieAVS of the most eminent Eepubli- cans, — Stanton, Chase, Sumner, Thad. Stevens, Fessen- den, Sherman, Garfield, Conlding, Evarts, and of all the great leaders. In the readjustment of the political relations of the South he was wise, generous, and magnanimous in his career. ]N^ot a line in letter, speech, or message can be found that would wound the self-respect of Southern citizens. When the dangerous heresy of a greenback currency had gained political power, and Congress was disposed to oi^en the floodgates of a rotten currency, his veto, an act of courage, turned back the deluge and saved the land from a whole generation of mischief. Plad he done but this one thing he would have deserved well of histoiy. The respects in which he fell below the line of sound statesmanship — and these are not a few — are to be attributed to the influence of advisers whom he had taken into his confidence. Such was his loyalty to friendship that it must be set down as a fliult, — a fault rarely found among public men. Many springs of mischief were opened which still flow. When it was proposed to nominate Gi-ant for a third term the real objections to the movement among wise and dispassionate men was not so much against Grant as against the staif which would come in Avith him. On the whole, if one considers the intrinsic difiiculty of the question belonging to his administration, the THE Kri.oGY. 97 stormy days of politics ami parties duriiii;" his eight years, it must be admitted that the country OAves to his unselfish disposition, to his general wisdom, to his nnsullied integ- rity, if not the meed of wisest, yet the reputation of one who, pi-ceminent in war, was eminent in administration, more perhaps by the wisdom of a noble nature than by that intelligence which is bred oidy by experience. Imperious counsellors and corrupt parasites dimmed the light of his political administration. We turn from Gi'ant's public life to his unrcstful private life. After a return from a tour of tlu' world, during Avhich lie met on all hands a distinguished recep- tion, he ventured upon the dangerous road of speculation. The desire of large wealth was deep-seated in Grant's soul. His early experience of poverty had pi'obably taken away from it all romance. Had wealth been sought by a legitimate production of real property he would have added one more laurel to his career. But, with childlike simplicity of ignorance, he committed all he had to the Avild chances of legalized gambling. But a few days before the humiliating crash came he believed himself to be Avorth three millions of dollars! AVhat service had been rendered for it? What equivalent of industry, skill, productiveness, distribution, or conven- ience? IS^one. Did he never think that this golden robe, with Avhich he designed to clothe his declining years, was Avoven of air, Avas in its nature unsubstantial, and not reputable? His success was a gorgeous bubble, reflecting on its brilliant surface all the hues of heaven, but Avhich grcAV thinner as it swelled larger. A touch dispelled the illusion and left him poor. 98 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. It is a sig-nificant proof of the impression produced upon the pubUc mind of the essential honesty of his mind, and of the simplicity of his ignorance of practical busi- ness, that the whole nation condoned his folly, and believed in his intentional honesty. But the iron had entered his soul. That which all the hardsliips of war, and the wearing- anxieties of public administration could not do, the shame and bitterness of this great bankrujitcy achieved. The resisting forces of his body gave way. A disease in ambush sjjrang forth and cai'ried him captive. Patiently he sat in the region and shadow of death. A mild heroism of gentleness and patience hovered about him. The iron will, that had upheld him in all the vicissitudes of war, still in a gracious guise sustained his lingering hours. His household love, never tarnisbed, never abated, now roused him to one last heroic achievement, — to provide for the future of his family. No longer were there golden hopes for himself. The vision of wealth had vanished. But love took its place, and, under Aveakness, pain, and anguish, he wrought out a history of his remarkable careei'. A kindly liand administered the trust. It has amply secured his loved household from want. "When the last lines were written he laid l)ack upon his couch and bi-eathed back his great soul to God, whom he had worshipped unostentatiously after the manner of his fathers. A man he was without vices, with an absolute hatred of lies, and an ineradicable love of truth, of a perfect loyalty to friendship, neither envious of others nor selfish THE EULOnv. 99 for liinisflf. AVilli a zeal lor tlu' pulilic good, unfeig-ned, he has left to incmory only such weaknesses as connect him with Ininiauity, and such virtues as will rank him among hei'oes. The tidings of his death, long exijected, gave a shock to the whole world. Governments, rulei-s, eminent statesmen, and scholars from all civilized nations gave sincere tokens of sympath3^ For the hour, sympathy rolled as a Avave over all our own land. It closed the last furrow of war, it extinguished the last prejudice, it effaced the last vestige of hatred, and cursed be the hand that shall bring them back! Johnston and Buckner on one side, Sherman and Sheri- dan upon the other, of his bier, he has come to his tomb a silent symbol that Liberty had conquered Slavery, Patri- otism Rebellion, and Peace War. He rests in peace, ^o drum or cannon shall disturb his rest. Sleep, Hero, until another trumpet shall shake the heavens and the earth ! Then come forth to glory in im- mortality. L.cfC. FINAL PROCEEDINGS. FINAL PEOCEEDINGS. At a mcetins; of the Board ol' Aldermen, lield on the twenty- sixth of Octol)er, 1884, Aklcnnan Patrick J. Donovan oftered the following resolutions, which were unanimously adopted : — Mesolved, That the thanks of the City Council l^e ex- pressed to tlie Rev. Henry Wakd Beecher for his inter- esting and patriotic etdogy on the Ufe and character of General Ulysses S. Gran-i', delivered before the city authorities on the 22d inst., in Treniont Temple, and that Mr. Beecher be rerpiosted to furnish a copy of his eulogy for publication. Resolved, That the thanks of the City Council be ex- pressed to the United IStates authorities in Boston for the loan to the city of the portrait of General Ulysses S. Grant, for the memorial services in his honor at Tremont Temple on the 22d inst. Resolved, That the thanks of the City Council be ex- pressed to Professor Moses True Browx for the accept- able mannei- in which he performed the Aniy of reader at the memorial services at Tremont Temple on the 22d inst., in honor of General Ulysses S. Grant. Resolved, That the thanks of the City Council be ex- tended to the Rev. B. F. Hamilton for jierforming the 104 MEMORIAL OF ULYSSES S. GRANT. duty of chaplain at the memorial services at Tremont Temple on the 22d inst., in honor of General Ulysses S. Grant. Hesolved, That the thanks of the City Council be ex- tended to Miss Louise Imogen Guiney for the beautiful and approjjriate poem, composed by her, at the city's re- quest, and contributed to the memorial services on the 22d inst., in honor of General Ulysses S. Grant. Mesoloed, That the thanks of the City Council be ex- pressed to Mrs. Julia Ward Howe for her admirable poetical contribution to the memorial services at Tremont Temple on the 22d inst., in honor of General Ulysses S. Grant. Resolved, Tliat the thanks of the City Coimcil be ex- expressed to the trustees of Tremont Temple for their courtesy in allowing the city the free use of tlieir hall for the memorial services on the 22d inst., in honor of Gen- eral Ulysses S. Grant. Severally passed iinanimously. Seut down. The Common Council on the fifth of November following, con- curred with the Aldermen in the passage of the resolutions, and they Mere approved by the Mayor November 7, 1885. CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE LIFE OF GEN. ULYSSES S. GRANT.' 1822. April 27. Born at Point Pleasant, Ohio. 1839, . . ■ Entered West Point 1843. . . . Graduated from West Point 1847 September 8. Mads First Lieutenant on the battle-field of Molino del Ray, Mexico. 1847. September 13. Made Captain for bravery at Chepultepec, Mexico. 1861. June 17 Colonel of Volunteers. 1851. August 23. Brigadier-General of Volunteers. 1862. February 16. Major-General of Volunteers. 1863. July 4. Major-General of the Regular Army. 1864. March 9. Lieutenant-General 1865. July 26. General of the Army. 1867. August 12, Secretary of War, sd interim. 1869, March 4, President of the United States. 1877. . . . Citizen. 1885. March 3. General of United States Army, retired list. 1885. July 23. Died at Mount McGregor, New York, 1885, August 8, Buried at Riverside Park, New York City, 'From "Life :iml Deeds uf Gen. Grant," by Rev. P. C. Hiadley. 'ft