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JC^ 9035 
 
 Bureau of Mines Information Circular/1985 
 
 Principal Deposits of Strategic 
 and Critical Minerals in Nevada 
 
 By N. T. Lowe, Russell G. Raney, and John R. Norberg 
 
 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 
 
 i75l 
 
 AflNES 75TH A^^ 
 
Information Circular 9035 
 
 Principal Deposits of Strategic 
 and Critical Minerals in Nevada 
 
 By N. T Lo\ve, Russell G. Raney, and John R. Norberg 
 
 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 
 
 Donald Paul Model, Secretary 
 
 BUREAU OF MINES 
 Robert C. Horton, Director 
 
As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior 
 has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural 
 resources. This includes fostering the wisest use of our land and water re- 
 sources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving the environmental and 
 cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for 
 the enjoyment of life through outdow recreation. The Department assesses 
 our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is 
 in the best interests of all our people. The Department also has a major re- 
 sponsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who 
 live in Island Territories under U.S. administration. 
 
 
 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data: 
 
 Lowe, N. T. (Nathan T.) 
 
 Principal deposits of strategic and critical minerals in Nevada. 
 
 (Information circular / United States Department of the Interior, 
 Bureau of Mines ; 9035) 
 
 Supt. of Docs, no.: I 28.27:9035. 
 
 1. Ore-deposits— Nevada. 2. Strategic materials— Nevada. I. Raney, 
 Russell G. II. Norberg, John R, III. Title. IV, Series: Information 
 circular (United States. Bureau of Mines) ; 9035. 
 
 TNa&r.U4 [TN24.N31 622s [553. 4'09793] 85-600061 
 
 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office 
 
 Washington, D.C. 20402 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 111 
 
 Page 
 
 Page 
 
 Abstract 1 
 
 Introduction 2 
 
 Acknowledgments 2 
 
 Organization of report 2 
 
 Commodity and deposit selection 3 
 
 Summary of mining activity in Nevada 6 
 
 Infrastructural and institutional factors affecting 
 
 mining activities in Nevada 7 
 
 Utilities 7 
 
 Electricity 7 
 
 Natural gas 7 
 
 Water 10 
 
 Transportation 12 
 
 Rail 12 
 
 Road 15 
 
 Regulation and taxation 19 
 
 Mining regulations 19 
 
 Taxation 19 
 
 Mineral processing facilities 20 
 
 Milling facilities 20 
 
 Smelting and refining 30 
 
 Review of selected mineral commodities in 
 
 Nevada 32 
 
 Aluminum 32 
 
 Antimony 34 
 
 Barite 36 
 
 Beryllium 38 
 
 Copper 40 
 
 Fluorspar 42 
 
 Gold 42 
 
 Iron ore 46 
 
 Lead and zinc 48 
 
 Lithium 50 
 
 Magnesium 52 
 
 Manganese 54 
 
 Mercury 56 
 
 Molybdenum 58 
 
 Silver 60 
 
 Tungsten 62 
 
 Abstracts of selected deposits in Nevada 64 
 
 Alligator Ridge 66 
 
 Ann 67 
 
 Ann Mason 68 
 
 Antimony King 69 
 
 Argenta 70 
 
 Atlanta ." 71 
 
 Aurora 72 
 
 B & B 73 
 
 B & C Springs 74 
 
 Bald Mountain 75 
 
 Basic, Inc 76 
 
 Battle Mountain Copper Basin 77 
 
 Battle Mountain Copper Canyon 78 
 
 Bear 79 
 
 Bell Mountain 80 
 
 Big Ledge 81 
 
 Bisoni 82 
 
 Bloody Canyon 83 
 
 Blue Star 84 
 
 Bootstrap 85 
 
 Borealis 86 
 
 Boulder City 87 
 
 Bray-Beulah . . , 88 
 
 Buckhorn 89 
 
 Buckingham 90 
 
 Buena Vista 91 
 
 Bullion-Monarch 92 
 
 C-M Alunite 93 
 
 Calico Hills 94 
 
 Candelaria 95 
 
 Carlin 96 
 
 Carson River 97 
 
 Caselton 98 
 
 Crowell 99 
 
 Dayton 100 
 
 Dee 101 
 
 Dodge-Ford 102 
 
 Dry Canyon 103 
 
 East Northumberland 104 
 
 Easy Miner 105 
 
 Emerson 106 
 
 Enfield Bell 107 
 
 Fannie Ryan 108 
 
 Fencemaker 109 
 
 Fish Creek 110 
 
 Garnet-Tennessee Mountain Ill 
 
 Getchell 112 
 
 Gibellini 113 
 
 Gold Quarry 114 
 
 Goldfield 115 
 
 Goldstrike 116 
 
 Grooseberry 117 
 
 Greystone 118 
 
 Gunmetal 119 
 
 Hard Luck-Pradier 120 
 
 Heavy Spar 121 
 
 Hollywood 122 
 
 Horse Canyon 123 
 
 Indian Springs 124 
 
 Jungle 125 
 
 Kay 126 
 
 Lakes 127 
 
 Linka 128 
 
 Maggie Creek 129 
 
 Mammoth 130 
 
 Manhattan 131 
 
 McArthur 132 
 
 McDermitt 133 
 
 McGill Tailings 134 
 
 Minnesota 135 
 
 Modarelli 136 
 
 Montana Mountains 137 
 
 Mount Hope 138 
 
 Mount Wheeler 139 
 
 Mountain Springs 140 
 
 Nevada Moly 141 
 
 Nevada Scheelite 142 
 
 Northumberland 143 
 
 Nyco 144 
 
 Overton 145 
 
 P & S 146 
 
 Pan American 147 
 
 Phelps-Stokes 148 
 
 Pinson 149 
 
 Piute 150 
 
 Preble 151 
 
IV 
 
 Page Page 
 
 Prince 152 Stormy Creek 170 
 
 Pumpkin Hollow 153 Sutherland 171 
 
 Queen Lode 154 Taylor 172 
 
 Rain 155 Three Kids 173 
 
 Rainbow 156 Tonkin Springs 174 
 
 Relief Canyon 157 Tonopah 175 
 
 Ridge 7129 158 Tonapah Divide 176 
 
 Robinson district 159 Tonopah Hasbrouck 177 
 
 Rochester 160 Victoria 178 
 
 Rossi 161 Virgin River 179 
 
 Round Mountain 162 Ward 180 
 
 Ruby Hill 163 White Caps 181 
 
 Santa Fe 164 White Pine 182 
 
 Silver Peak 165 Windfall 183 
 
 Sixteen-to-One 166 Yerington 184 
 
 Snoose 167 References 185 
 
 Springer 168 Appendix A.— List of symbols and abbreviations . . 202 
 
 Sterling 169 Appendix B.— Common conversion factors 202 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 1. Location of selected principal deposits in Nevada 4 
 
 2. Major electrical transmission lines, principal substations, and in-state generating facilities in Nevada .... 8 
 
 3. Major certificated electricity service areas in Nevada 9 
 
 4. Natural gas distribution system in Nevada 11 
 
 5. Hydrographic regions and designated groimd water recharge areas of Nevada 13 
 
 6. Rail network of Nevada 14 
 
 7. General highway map of Nevada 16 
 
 8. Highway distances between principal Nevada communities 17 
 
 9. Highway accessibility for transporting nonreducible loads above legal weight limits 18 
 
 10. Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada 21 
 
 11. Regional secondary processing facilities significant to Nevada 30 
 
 12. Aluminum in Nevada 33 
 
 13. Antimony in Nevada 35 
 
 14. Barite in Nevada 37 
 
 15. Beryllium in Nevada 39 
 
 16. Copper in Nevada 41 
 
 17. Fluorspar in Nevada 43 
 
 18. Gold in Nevada 45 
 
 19. Iron in Nevada 47 
 
 20. Lead-zinc in Nevada 49 
 
 21. Lithium in Nevada 51 
 
 22. Magnesivim in Nevada 53 
 
 23. Manganese in Nevada 55 
 
 24. Merctiry in Nevada 57 
 
 25. Molybdeniun in Nevada 59 
 
 26. Silver in Nevada 61 
 
 27. Tungsten in Nevada 63 
 
 28. Location of principal deposits with deposit abstracts 65 
 
 TABLES 
 
 1. Selected principal deposit index 5 
 
 2. Distribution of principal deposits of selected commodities in Nevada, by county 6 
 
 3. Representative industrial electrical power rates in Nevada 10 
 
 4. Nevada water simunary 12 
 
 5. Rail carriers and railage 15 
 
 6. Permits required in Nevada before initiation of mining or milling 20 
 
 7. Niunerical index of selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada 22 
 
 8. Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada 23 
 
 9. Deposit abstract index 64 
 
UNIT OF MEASURE ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS REPORT 
 
 cm 
 
 centimeter 
 
 g 
 
 gram 
 
 g/t 
 
 gram per metric ton 
 
 gal/min 
 
 gallon per minute 
 
 gal/ton 
 
 gallon per short ton 
 
 ha 
 
 hectare 
 
 kg 
 
 kilogram 
 
 kg/t 
 
 kilogram per metric ton 
 
 km 
 
 kilometer 
 
 km* 
 
 square kilometer 
 
 kV 
 
 kilovolt 
 
 kW 
 
 kilowatt 
 
 kWh 
 
 kilowatt hour 
 
 L/s 
 
 liter per second 
 
 L/t 
 
 liter per metric ton 
 
 lb 
 
 pound 
 
 MW 
 
 megawatt 
 
 m 
 
 meter 
 
 m^" 
 
 square meter 
 
 m^ 
 
 cubic meter 
 
 m'/d 
 
 cubic meter per day 
 
 m'»/h 
 
 cubic meter per hoxu- 
 
 mi* 
 
 square mile 
 
 oz 
 
 ounce 
 
 ppm 
 
 parts per million 
 
 t 
 
 metric ton 
 
 t/a 
 
 metric ton per year 
 
 t/d 
 
 metric ton per day 
 
 t/h 
 
 metric ton per hour 
 
 t/month 
 
 metric ton per month 
 
 t/wk 
 
 metric ton per week 
 
 ton 
 
 short ton 
 
 ton/h 
 
 short ton per hour 
 
 ton/yr 
 
 short ton per year 
 
 tr oz 
 
 troy ounce 
 
 tr oz/ton 
 
 troy ounce per short ton 
 
 wt % 
 
 weight percent 
 
 yd" 
 
 cubic yard 
 
 ydVa 
 
 cubic yard per year 
 
 yd^/d 
 
 cubic yard per day 
 
 yd='/h 
 
 cubic yard per hour 
 
 yr 
 
 year 
 
PRINCIPAL DEPOSITS OF STRATEGIC AND 
 CRITICAL MINERALS IN NEVADA 
 
 By N. T. Lowe,i Russell G. Raney,^ and John R. Norberg^ 
 
 ABSTRACT 
 
 This Bureau of Mines publication presents salient deposit information in abstract 
 form on 119 principal mineral deposits in the State of Nevada. Commodity coverage 
 addresses 17 critical and strategic commodities that appear to have commercial pro- 
 duction potential in the State. The core of the deposits described is taken from those 
 properties evaluated under the Bureau of Mines Minerals Availability Program (MAP); 
 additional deposits are included to provide a more complete coverage. Institutional and 
 infrastructviral factors affecting mineral development are also discussed. 
 
 'Physical scientist. 
 •Geologist. 
 
 'Supervisory physical scientist. 
 Western Field Operations Center, Bureau of Mines, Spokane, WA. 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 About a decade ago, the Bureau of Mines embarked 
 upon an ambitious program to systematically assess 
 mineral supplies available to the U.S. economy. The 
 Minerals Availability Program (MAP), formally established 
 in 1974 {727),'^ provides current appraisals of nonfuel 
 mineral supplies for consideration in the development of 
 U.S. minerals policies. Results of these appraisals are 
 published on a commodity basis in a series of availability 
 reports that describe the supply of a commodity from 
 domestic or foreign sources in terms of tonnage-price 
 relationships. 
 
 The keystones of MAP appraisals are deposit-specific 
 evaluations conducted by geologists and engineers of the 
 Bureau's Field Operations Centers and by contractors. The 
 deposit evaluations examine in detail the geologic, engineer- 
 ing, and economic factors that determine the viability of 
 individual deposits. Deposit data are obtained from many 
 sources, including published and unpublished Bureau 
 reports, records, and files; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 
 Bulletins, Professional Papers, and other reports; technical 
 and professional journals; State and other Federal agency 
 publications; proprietary company reports; data generated 
 during field examinations; and information obtained from 
 knowledgeable individuals. 
 
 The Bureau's purpose in publishing this prototype 
 
 report is to present, in a single volume, nonproprietary data 
 on 119 selected principal deposits of strategic and critical 
 minerals in the State of Nevada. The easy-to-read format 
 provides locational, geological, and operational data for 
 selected deposits along with discussions of institutional and 
 infrastructural factors affecting mineral development in the 
 State. 
 
 Much of the deposit-specific data were derived from 
 MAP deposit evaluations that have been conducted over the 
 past 10 yr. Additional deposit data, as well as information 
 on transportation, water, electricity, natural gas, and taxes 
 were gathered from recent newspapers and jom-nals and 
 from interviews with company and State officials. Data on 
 mineral production and mining history were obtained from 
 Bureau and Nevada Bureau of Mines publications. It is an- 
 ticipated that the information contained in this publication 
 will be of benefit to geologists, mining engineers, pros- 
 pectors, mining companies, suppliers of mining and mill- 
 ing equipment, and others directly involved in the State's 
 mineral industry. It is also anticipated that the data will 
 be equally as valuable to city, county, and State planners, 
 transportation and utilities commissions, local tax advisory 
 boards, and other public and private organizations that 
 develop policies affecting mining and mineral development 
 in Nevada. 
 
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 
 
 The authors wish to thank the State of Nevada, Divi- 
 sion of Environmental Protection and Nevada Division of 
 Mine Inspection, for their assistance and information. In 
 addition, the authors wish to thank the Nevada Department 
 of Transportation for graciously allowing the use of State 
 highway base maps in this publication. 
 
 Special gratitude is extended to the entire staff of the 
 
 Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. Particvilar thanks 
 is given to J. H. Schilling, director; K. Papke, assistant 
 director; H. F. Bonham, Jr., geologist; and J. Tingley, min- 
 ing geologist, for their assistance in selecting the deposits 
 included in this report, as well as providing supplemental 
 deposit data. 
 
 ORGANIZATION OF REPORT 
 
 This publication is organized into two principal sec- 
 tions: an introductory statewide section followed by a site- 
 specific deposit section. 
 
 The introductory section presents background informa- 
 tion on the minerals industry of Nevada, a description of 
 some existing infrastructure-institutional factors that af- 
 fect commercial development of Nevada's mineral deposits, 
 and a commodity review. 
 
 The infrastructure subsection contains brief discussions 
 and maps of the transportation Giighway and railroad) and 
 utility (electricity, natural gas, and water) networks in the 
 State. It also contains general information on milling or 
 beneficiation facilities, and permitting and taxation pro- 
 cedures and policies with respect to mineral development 
 in Nevada. 
 
 The commodity review consists of narrative, tabular. 
 
 ^Italic numbers in parentheses refer to items in the list of references 
 preceding the appendexes. 
 
 and map data that are intended to give a statewide over- 
 view of principal commodities associated with the deposits 
 described. In addition to a brief narrative, each review con- 
 tains data abstracted from the Bureau's Minerals Industry 
 Location System (MILS). Production data were obtained 
 from the Bureau's Minerals Yearbooks and Mineral Com- 
 modity Summaries, and from other published or publicly 
 available sources (728-729). The reviews also include a 
 listing of selected principal deposits in the State. (Most of 
 the principal deposits are described in greater detail in the 
 deposit abstract section.) The reserve-resource estimates are 
 from published soiu-ces and, where necessary, have been 
 converted to the International System of Units (SD 
 equivalents for ease of comparison. The column headed 
 "Size" reflects the authors' professional judgment of the 
 total resotu-ce contained in the deposit. The terms "small," 
 "medivmi," and "large" are based primarily on the size 
 categories published by the USGS {236); definitions of the 
 terms are provided for each commodity. The associated loca- 
 
tion map shows the principal deposits along with other oc- 
 currences of the commodity. 
 
 The largest section of the publication is the deposit 
 abstract section. It is composed of a series of single-page 
 summaries of information pertaining to 119 selected 
 mineral properties in Nevada. The simimaries or abstracts 
 are arranged alphabetically by the property's primary 
 name. They are intended to report deposit information 
 available through 1984; undoubtedly, the status, ownership, 
 and some other data may have changed during the period 
 between manuscript completion and report publication. 
 
 Each abstract is composed of the following six main sub- 
 ject areas: 
 
 1. Deposit name and commodity. 
 
 2. Location and ownership. 
 
 3. Geology. 
 
 4. Development. 
 
 5. Published reserves and/or resources. 
 
 6. References. 
 
 Within each subject area there are several individual data 
 elements. Not all data elements, however, are reported for 
 each deposit; proprietary data have been omitted and some 
 information has yet to be determined or is not presently 
 available. SI measurements are used throughout the deposit 
 abstracts except for published reserves and/or resources. 
 Reserve-resovirce data are reported in terms and units of 
 
 the cited publication. (It is incumbent upon the reader to 
 evaluate the reserve-resource data in the light of his or her 
 own knowledge, experience, and assessment of the source's 
 credibility.) In contrast, published reserve-resource data in 
 the commodity reviews have been converted by the authors 
 into SI measurements for comparison pvu-poses. The 
 reference section includes bibliographic references for the 
 deposit, the USGS 1:250,000 quadrangle and largest scale 
 map on which the deposit is located, and the Bureau's file 
 reference or sequence number. The sequence number is a 
 10-digit number that is unique to the deposit and allows 
 rapid retrieval of relevant data from the MAP data base. 
 Two other file references, the Mine Safety and Health Ad- 
 ministration (MSHA) number (Mid number), which is 
 assigned by MSHA to active properties, and the USGS 
 Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), are also includ- 
 ed. The MRDS is the former USGS Computerized Resources 
 Information Bank (CRIB). 
 
 An extensive, but not exhaustive, reference section 
 follows the deposit abstracts. The intent of the reference 
 section is to provide the reader with additional sources of 
 information about the deposits described in the main body 
 of the report. Although an individual reference may not 
 specifically mention the deposit, the reference contains 
 geological, mining, metallurgical, economic, or other data 
 pertinent to the deposit. 
 
 COMMODITY AND DEPOSIT SELECTION 
 
 This publication is in a sense a directory of principal 
 strategic and critical mineral deposits in the State of 
 Nevada. Deposit and commodity coverage mainly reflects 
 the Bureau's work conducted under MAP. The MAP is con- 
 cerned with a continuing assessment of the geologic, 
 engineering, and economic availability of mineral supplies 
 for the U.S. economy. Although the Bureau's ultimate ob- 
 jective is to incorporate all nonfuel mineral commodities 
 into MAP, current MAP studies cover only the following 
 strategic or critical commodities: 
 
 Aluminum 
 
 Graphite 
 
 Potash 
 
 Antimony 
 
 Iron 
 
 Rare Earths 
 
 Asbestos 
 
 Lead 
 
 Silver 
 
 Barite 
 
 Lithium 
 
 Sulfur 
 
 Beryllium 
 
 Magnesium 
 
 Tin 
 
 Chromium 
 
 Manganese 
 
 Titanium 
 
 Cobalt 
 
 Mercury 
 
 Thorium 
 
 Columbium- 
 
 Molybdenum 
 
 Tungsten 
 
 Tantalum 
 
 Nickel 
 
 Zinc 
 
 Copper 
 
 Phosphate 
 
 Zirconium- 
 
 Fluorspar 
 
 Platinum 
 
 Hafnium 
 
 Gold 
 
 
 
 All of these commodities, with exception of hafnium, 
 reportedly occur in Nevada. Based on current knowledge, 
 however, only those commodities in italics appear to have 
 potential commercial production opportunities; this publica- 
 tion focuses on deposits whose principal commodity is one 
 of the 17 commodities so indicated. 
 
 Under MAP, the Bm-eau has evaluated nearly 100 
 deposits in Nevada. Most were found to have identified 
 reserves or resources; it is these deposits that form the core 
 of the deposit abstract section in this report. Descriptions 
 of other properties that appear to have commercial poten- 
 tial and which have yet to be evaluated under MAP, are 
 also included to provide a more complete commodity 
 coverage. 
 
 Final deposit selection was made after consultation with 
 individuals and agencies familiar with the Nevada mining 
 industry. In addition to hosting one of the commodities 
 listed (as a principal commodity), deposit selection was based 
 on one or more of the following criteria: 
 
 1. The deposit has been evaluated under MAP. 
 
 2. Information on substantial reserves or resources has 
 been published for the deposit. 
 
 3. The deposit is a producing or past producing mine with 
 known production potential. 
 
 4. The deposit is a nonproducing property with a known 
 production potential based on proprietary and/or public ex- 
 ploration and economic data. 
 
 5. Sufficient nonproprietary geological and operational 
 data exist to permit completion of a deposit abstract. 
 
 Figure 1 and table 1 show the locations and names of 
 the 167 principal deposits selected for this report; deposit 
 abstracts have been prepared for 119 of the principal 
 deposits. 
 
 Table 2 shows the distribution (by commodity) of prin- 
 cipal deposits and properties with deposit abstracts for each 
 county. — 
 
^29 
 
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 37 
 
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 30 
 
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 39- 
 
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 87 
 
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 153 
 
 ,156 
 
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 154 
 
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 147 
 
 \ ,148 
 
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 159 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 
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 ,163 
 
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 ,160 I 
 
 ^^ ._-164 166^ > 
 
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 X 167/ ! 
 
 X' 
 
 Figure 1 .—Location of selected principal deposits in Nevada. 
 
Table 1 . — Selected principal deposit index 
 
 (Refer to figure 1) 
 
 Deposit name 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Deposit name 
 
 Deposit name 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Deposit name 
 
 (') 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Indian Springs' .... 
 
 Jungle' 
 
 Easy Miner' 
 
 Wells 
 
 Snoose' 
 
 Big Ledge' 
 
 Stormy Creel<' 
 
 Garnet-Tennessee 
 
 Mountain'. 
 
 Mesona 
 
 Enfield Bell' 
 
 Gance Creek 
 
 Q-Bar 
 
 Dexter 
 
 Lakes' 
 
 Fish Creek' 
 
 Heavy Spar' 
 
 Gold Quarry' 
 
 Maggie Creek' 
 
 Carlin' 
 
 Bullion Monarch' 
 
 Blue Star' 
 
 Goldstrike' 
 
 Bootstrap' 
 
 Dee' 
 
 Queen Lode' 
 
 Rossi' 
 
 Ivanhoe 
 
 McDermitt' 
 
 Montana Mountains' . 
 
 Getchell' 
 
 Tonopah' 
 
 Riley Extension 
 
 Riley 
 
 Granite Creek 
 
 Pinson' 
 
 Preble' 
 
 Hog Ranch 
 
 Lewis 
 
 Springer' 
 
 Florida Canyon 
 
 Bloody Canyon' 
 
 Rochester' 
 
 Sutherland' 
 
 Relief Canyon' 
 
 Hollywood' 
 
 Fencemaker' 
 
 Dodge-Ford' 
 
 Buena Vista' 
 
 Piute' 
 
 Hoyt 
 
 Drumm 
 
 IHX 
 
 Victoria' 
 
 Rain' 
 
 Argenta' 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 
 Copper Basin'. 
 
 Buckingham' 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 
 Copper Canyon'. 
 
 Miller 
 
 Pleasant View 
 
 Slaven Canyon 
 
 Fire Creek 
 
 Hilltop 
 
 Mountain Springs' . . . 
 
 Greystone' 
 
 Modarelll' 
 
 Buckhorn' 
 
 Horse Canyon' 
 
 Cortez 
 
 Bald Mountain 
 
 Tonkin Springs' 
 
 Gold Bar 
 
 Mount Hope' 
 
 Bald Mountain' 
 
 Alligator Ridge' 
 
 Mountain View 
 
 Ruby Hill' 
 
 Windfall' 
 
 BisonI' 
 
 GIbelllnl' 
 
 Ridge 71 29' 
 
 Monte Cristo 
 
 McQIII Tailings' 
 
 W 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaSOt 
 
 W 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaSOt 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Hg 
 
 Li 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Sb 
 
 Ag 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Cu 
 
 Mo 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaSQ4 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Mo 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Au 
 
 CaFj 
 
 Mn 
 
 Zn 
 
 W 
 
 Cu 
 
 84. 
 85. 
 86. 
 87. 
 88. 
 89. 
 90. 
 91. 
 92. 
 93. 
 94. 
 95. 
 96. 
 97. 
 98. 
 99. 
 100 
 101 
 102 
 
 103 
 104 
 105 
 106 
 107 
 108 
 109 
 110 
 111 
 112 
 113 
 114 
 115 
 116 
 117 
 118 
 119 
 120 
 121 
 122 
 123 
 124 
 125 
 126 
 127 
 128 
 129 
 130 
 131 
 132 
 133 
 134 
 135 
 
 136 
 137 
 138 
 139 
 140 
 141 
 142 
 143 
 144 
 145 
 146 
 147 
 148 
 149 
 ISO 
 151 
 152 
 153 
 154 
 155 
 156 
 157 
 158 
 159 
 160 
 161 
 162 
 163 
 164 
 165 
 166 
 167 
 
 Robinson district' . . . 
 
 Ward' 
 
 Taylor' 
 
 Mount Wheeler' 
 
 Altanta' 
 
 White Pine' 
 
 Linka' 
 
 Dry Canyon 
 
 Antimony King' 
 
 Dry Canyon' 
 
 Bray-Beulah' 
 
 Hard Luck-Pradier' . . 
 
 Reeds Canyon 
 
 Victorine-Kingston . . . 
 
 P & S' 
 
 Kay' 
 
 Northumberland' . . . . 
 
 Ann' 
 
 East Northumber- 
 land'. 
 
 Round Mountain'. . . . 
 
 White Caps' 
 
 Manhattan' 
 
 Nevada Moly' 
 
 Gooseberry' 
 
 Dayton' 
 
 Gold Hill 
 
 Lucerne 
 
 Carson River' 
 
 Minnesota' 
 
 McArthur' 
 
 Buckskin 
 
 Ann Mason' 
 
 Yerington' 
 
 Bear' 
 
 Pumpkin Hollow' . . . . 
 
 Calico Hills' 
 
 Bell Mountain' 
 
 Rawhide 
 
 Nevada Scheellte' . . . 
 
 Phelps-Stokes' 
 
 Basic, Inc.' 
 
 Union Canyon 
 
 Chicago Lode 
 
 B & C Springs' 
 
 Paradise Peak 
 
 Hawthorne 
 
 Borealis' 
 
 Aurora' 
 
 Santa Fe' 
 
 Gunmetal' 
 
 Desert Scheellte . . . . 
 
 Pilot Mountain 
 district. 
 
 Pine Nut 
 
 Candelaria' 
 
 New Potosi 
 
 B & B' 
 
 Tonopah Hasbrouck'. 
 
 Tonopah Divide' . . . . 
 
 Goldfield' 
 
 Goldfleld district 
 
 Silver Peak' 
 
 Mohawk 
 
 Sixteen-to-One' 
 
 Crowell' 
 
 Sterling' 
 
 Rainbow' 
 
 Nyco' 
 
 Horseshoe 
 
 Mammoth' 
 
 Caselton' 
 
 Prince' 
 
 Pan American' 
 
 Emerson' 
 
 Boyd 
 
 C-M Alunite' 
 
 Overton' 
 
 Virgin River' 
 
 Fannie Ryan' 
 
 Three Kids' 
 
 Potosi 
 
 Yellow Pine 
 
 Argentena 
 
 Boulder City' 
 
 Eldorado Canyon . . . . 
 
 Cu 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Ag 
 
 Be 
 
 Au 
 
 CaF2 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaSOi 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 Sb 
 Au 
 Mo 
 Ag 
 Fe 
 Au 
 Au 
 
 Hg 
 
 Fe 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 Cu 
 
 Cu 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Fe 
 
 MgO 
 
 CaF2 
 
 CaFi 
 
 Mo 
 
 Au 
 
 Al 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 Hg 
 
 Mo 
 Ag 
 Sb 
 
 Hg 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Al 
 
 Li 
 
 Ag 
 
 Ag 
 
 CaFz 
 
 Au 
 
 CaFj 
 
 CaFa 
 
 CaFj 
 
 CaFj 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 W 
 
 Al 
 
 Al 
 
 MgO 
 
 Mn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Au 
 
 Alligator Ridge' . . . 
 
 Ann' 
 
 Ann Mason' 
 
 Antimony King' ... 
 
 Argenta' 
 
 Argentena 
 
 Atlanta' 
 
 Aurora' 
 
 B & B' 
 
 B & C Springs' 
 
 Bald Mountain' ... 
 
 Bald Mountain 
 
 Basic, Inc.' 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 Copper Basin'. 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 Copper Canyon'. 
 
 Bear' 
 
 Bell Mountain' 
 
 Big Ledge' 
 
 Bisoni' 
 
 Bloody Canyon' . . 
 
 Blue Star' 
 
 Bootstrap' 
 
 Borealis' 
 
 Boulder City' 
 
 Boyd 
 
 Bray-Beulah' 
 
 Buckhorn' 
 
 Buckingham' 
 
 Buckskin 
 
 Buena Vista' 
 
 Bullion Monarch' . . 
 
 C-M Alunite' 
 
 Calico Hills' 
 
 Candelaria' 
 
 Carlin' 
 
 Carson River' 
 
 Caselton' 
 
 Chicago Lode 
 
 Cortez 
 
 Crowell' 
 
 Dayton' 
 
 Dee' 
 
 Desert Scheellte . . 
 
 Dexter 
 
 Dodge-Ford' 
 
 Drumm 
 
 Dry Canyon 
 
 Dry Canyon' 
 
 East Northumber- 
 land'. 
 
 Easy Miner' 
 
 Eldorado Canyon . 
 
 Emerson' 
 
 Enfield Bell' 
 
 Fannie Ryan' .... 
 
 Fencemaker' 
 
 Fire Creek 
 
 Fish Creek' 
 
 Florida Canyon . . . 
 
 Gance Creek 
 
 Garnet-Tennessee 
 Mountain'. 
 
 Getchell' 
 
 Gibellini' 
 
 Gold Bar 
 
 Gold Hill 
 
 Gold Quarry' 
 
 Goldfield' 
 
 Goldfield district . . 
 
 Goldstrike' 
 
 Gooseberry' 
 
 Granite Creek .... 
 
 Greystone' 
 
 Gunmetal' 
 
 Hard Luck-Pradler' 
 
 Hawthorne 
 
 Heavy Spar' 
 
 Hilltop 
 
 Hog Ranch 
 
 Hollywood' 
 
 Horse Canyon' . . . 
 
 Horseshoe 
 
 Hoyt 
 
 IHX 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Cu 
 
 Sb 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Hg 
 
 Mo 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 MgO 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 CaFj 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Mn 
 
 Al 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 Mo 
 
 Au 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 Al 
 
 Fe 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 Hg 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 CaFj 
 
 Au 
 
 CaFz 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Fe 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 Sb 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Mn 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Mn 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Al 
 
 Au 
 
 Ag 
 
 W 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Sb 
 
 Al 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 75 
 101 
 115 
 
 92 
 
 55 
 165 
 
 88 
 131 
 139 
 127 
 
 74 
 
 70 
 124 
 
 56 
 
 58 
 
 117 
 
 120 
 
 6 
 
 79 
 
 41 
 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 130 
 
 166 
 
 157 
 
 94 
 
 67 
 
 57 
 
 114 
 
 48 
 
 20 
 
 158 
 
 119 
 
 137 
 
 19 
 
 111 
 
 153 
 
 126 
 
 69 
 
 147 
 
 108 
 
 24 
 
 134 
 
 13 
 
 47 
 
 51 
 
 91 
 
 93 
 
 102 
 
 3 
 
 167 
 
 156 
 
 10 
 
 161 
 
 46 
 
 62 
 
 15 
 
 40 
 
 11 
 
 8 
 
 30 
 80 
 72 
 
 109 
 17 
 
 142 
 
 143 
 22 
 
 107 
 34 
 65 
 
 133 
 95 
 
 129 
 16 
 63 
 37 
 45 
 68 
 
 151 
 50 
 52 
 
 Indian Springs' .... 
 
 Ivanhoe 
 
 Jungle' 
 
 Kay' 
 
 Lakes' 
 
 Lewis 
 
 Linka' 
 
 Lucerne 
 
 Maggie Creek' 
 
 Mammoth' 
 
 Manhattan' 
 
 McArthur' 
 
 McDermitt' 
 
 McGill Tailings' .... 
 
 Mesona 
 
 Miller 
 
 Minnesota' 
 
 Modarelll' 
 
 Mohawk 
 
 Montana Mountains' 
 
 Monte Cristo 
 
 Mount Hope' 
 
 Mount Wheeler'. . . . 
 Mountain Springs' . . 
 
 Mountain View 
 
 Nevada Moly' 
 
 Nevada Scheellte' 
 
 New Potosi 
 
 Northumberland' . . . 
 
 Nyco' 
 
 Overton' 
 
 P & S' 
 
 Pan American' .... 
 
 Paraside Peak 
 
 Phelps-Stokes' .... 
 Pilot Mountain 
 district. 
 
 Pine Nut 
 
 Pinson' 
 
 Piute' 
 
 Pleasant View 
 
 Potosi 
 
 Preble' 
 
 Prince' 
 
 Pumpkin Hollow' . . . 
 
 Q-Bar 
 
 Queen Lode' 
 
 Rain' 
 
 Rainbovi/' 
 
 Rawhide 
 
 Reeds Canyon 
 
 Relief Canyon' .... 
 
 Ridge 7129' 
 
 Riley 
 
 Riley Extension .... 
 Robinson district' . . 
 Rochester' 
 
 Rossi' 
 
 Round Mountain' . . 
 
 Ruby Hill' 
 
 Santa Fe' 
 
 Silver Peak' 
 
 Sixteen-to-One' .... 
 Slaven Canyon .... 
 
 Snoose' 
 
 Springer' 
 
 Sterling' 
 
 Stormy Creek' 
 
 Sutherland' 
 
 Taylor' 
 
 Three Kids' 
 
 Tonkin Springs' .... 
 
 Tonopah' 
 
 Tonopah Divide' . . . 
 Tonopah Hasbrouck' 
 
 Union Canyon 
 
 Victoria' 
 
 Victorine-Kingston . . 
 
 Virgin River' 
 
 Ward' 
 
 Wells 
 
 White Caps' 
 
 White Pine' 
 
 Windfall' 
 
 Yellow Pine 
 
 Yerington' 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 CaFz 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 Hg 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Ag 
 
 Li 
 
 W 
 
 Mo 
 
 Be 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Mo 
 
 W 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 CaFj 
 
 MgO 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Au 
 
 Fe 
 
 Hg 
 
 Mo 
 
 Au 
 
 Fe 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Au 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Fe 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Zn 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 Cu 
 
 Ag 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Au 
 
 Li 
 
 Ag 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Sb 
 
 Ag 
 
 Mn 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 Mn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 W 
 
 Sb 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Au 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Cu 
 
 1 
 
 27 
 
 2 
 
 99 
 
 14 
 
 38 
 
 90 
 
 110 
 
 18 
 
 152 
 
 105 
 
 113 
 
 28 
 
 83 
 
 9 
 
 59 
 
 112 
 
 66 
 
 145 
 
 29 
 
 82 
 
 73 
 
 87 
 
 64 
 
 76 
 
 106 
 
 122 
 
 138 
 
 100 
 
 150 
 
 159 
 
 98 
 
 155 
 
 128 
 
 123 
 
 135 
 
 136 
 
 35 
 
 49 
 
 60 
 
 163 
 
 36 
 
 154 
 
 118 
 
 12 
 
 25 
 
 54 
 
 149 
 
 121 
 
 96 
 
 44 
 
 81 
 
 33 
 
 32 
 
 84 
 
 42 
 
 26 
 
 103 
 
 77 
 
 132 
 
 144 
 
 146 
 
 61 
 
 5 
 
 39 
 
 148 
 
 7 
 
 43 
 
 86 
 
 162 
 
 71 
 
 31 
 
 141 
 
 140 
 
 125 
 
 53 
 
 97 
 
 160 
 
 65 
 
 4 
 
 104 
 
 89 
 
 78 
 
 164 
 
 116 
 
 'Primary commodity. 
 
 'Deposit abstract in report. 
 
Table 2. — Distribution of principal deposits of selected commodities in Nevada, by county 
 
 County 
 
 Aluminum 
 
 Antimony 
 
 Barite 
 
 Beryllium 
 
 Copper 
 
 Fluorspar 
 
 Gold 
 
 Iron ore 
 
 Lead-zinc 
 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Carson City 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Churchill . . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Clark 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 Douglas. . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Elko 
 
 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 Esmeralda 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eureka . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 Humboldt . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lander . . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lincoln . . . 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 Lyon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 Mineral . . . 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Nye 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Pershing . . 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 Storey 
 
 \A/ochno 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 White Pine 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Total . . . 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 23 
 
 17 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 52 
 
 33 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 
 Lithium 
 
 Magnesium 
 
 Manganese 
 
 Mercury 
 
 Molybdenum 
 
 Silver 
 
 Tungsten 
 
 Total 
 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Dep 
 
 Abs 
 
 Deposit 
 
 Abstract 
 
 Carson City 
 Churchill . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 5 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 Clark 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 Douglas . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 Elko 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 23 
 
 17 
 
 Esmeralda 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 Eureka . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 16 
 
 Humboldt . 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 Lander . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 11 
 
 Lincoln . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 Lyon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 Mineral . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 13 
 
 7 
 
 Nye 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 18 
 
 Pershing . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 9 
 
 Storey 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 Washoe . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 White Pine 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 Total . . . 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 167 
 
 119 
 
 NOTE: — No entry in a column indicates that no principal deposits were identified or no abstract was prepared. 
 
 SUMMARY OF MINING ACTIVITIES IN NEVADA {30, 382, 728) 
 
 Mining has long occupied an important place in the 
 history and economy of Nevada. Through television and 
 movies, millions of Americans are aware, albeit vaguely, 
 of the fabulous wealth created from mining of the State's 
 gold and silver deposits during the late 19th and early 20th 
 century. Some people may also be aware that Nevada 
 achieved statehood in 1864 in part because of the Union's 
 need of precious metals to finance the Civil War. Few peo- 
 ple outside the mining commimity, however, are aware that 
 mining continues as a major contributor to the State's 
 economy. Although only ranked 13th nationally in the 
 value of nonfuel mineral production, Nevada led the nation 
 in 1982 in the output of gold, barite, mercury, and 
 magnesite. In addition, it was second in mine production 
 of diatomite and lithiimi minerals, and third in output of 
 fluorspar, molybdenum, and tungsten concentrates. 
 
 The first mining in Nevada was conducted by Indians 
 in search of tvtrquoise and salt. Franciscan monks and their 
 Mexican converts worked gold placers, silver lodes, and tur- 
 quoise deposits in Clark County prior to the 1840's. 
 Evidence indicates that Mexicans also mined in the San An- 
 tone mining district in about 1854, and French trappers 
 
 from Canada journeyed as far south as Nye Coxmty, perhaps 
 in search of gold or silver, prior to the 1860's. The late 
 1850's, however, is generally accepted as the beginning of 
 Nevada's mining industry with the discovery of the Potosi 
 Mine in the Goodsprings district, Clark County (1855 or 
 1857), and the Comstock Lode in Storey County (1859). 
 These discoveries stimulated numerous other discoveries 
 throughout the State, and both the economy and the popula- 
 tion increased rapidly. 
 
 Over the next two decades, output from the State's 
 mines, particularly those of the Comstock Lode, grew and 
 reached a peak in about 1878. In the 1880's, mineral pro- 
 duction began a precipitous decline that continued into the 
 20th century. Recovery began in the early 1900's with the 
 discovery and subsequent production of silver and gold from 
 ore bodies in the Tonopah, Goldfield, Rochester, and other 
 mining districts. About the same time, significant copper 
 production from the Ely and Yerington districts, and zinc 
 production from the Goodsprings district began. The value 
 of mineral production rose to a peak during World War I, 
 but after the war, metal prices fell and output once again 
 declined. 
 
During the 1930's, in response to increased gold and 
 silver prices and increased demand for base metals, output 
 again increased from Nevada's mines. In spite of periodic 
 setbacks, production generally continued to expand through 
 World War II and into the postwar period. Output reached 
 a peak in 1956 when constant dollar value of mineral pro- 
 duction for the State was nearly $202^ million. In 1957, out- 
 put slumped 30% when copper prices fell, lead and zinc de- 
 mand declined, and the Federal Government curtailed the 
 tungsten purchasing program. Since bottoming in 1958 
 when constant dollar value of mineral production was 
 slightly over $103^ million, the constant dollar value of pro- 
 duction of nonfuel minerals has grown to nearly $254' 
 million in 1982. 
 
 Although Nevada periodically was among the leading 
 States in domestic production of timgsten, manganese, gold, 
 barite, and mercury, it was the mining, milling, and 
 smelting of copper ores that dominated the State's mineral 
 industry from the mid-1930's to mid-1970's. During a two- 
 decade period, from 1955 to 1974, annual copper produc- 
 tion accounted for over 50% of the State's total value of non- 
 fuel mineral output. The only exception during these 20 yr 
 occurred in 1967 when a protracted industry-wide strike 
 resulted in a substantial reduction in copper production. In 
 spite of the strike, the value of copper ore mined in 1967 
 amounted to nearly $39 million or about 43% of the State's 
 total mineral production. 
 
 Nevada's copper output peaked in 1970 when the ore 
 mined yielded nearly 97,000 1 of copper valued at over $123 
 million or about two-thirds of the State's total mineral pro- 
 duction. Mine output slowly decreased through the early 
 and mid-1970's; in 1978, it plummeted when the three 
 leading companies ceased operations citing poor market con- 
 ditions and environmental restrictions as causes. Copper 
 
 output has increased modestly since the 1979 low point; 
 however, production data are withheld from publication at 
 the request of the producers to safeguard proprietary com- 
 pany data. 
 
 Nevada is currently experiencing a modern day "gold 
 rush," and gold has replaced copper as the most important 
 commodity mined in the State. In 1983, for the fourth con- 
 secutive year, Nevada led the Nation in primary gold pro- 
 duction in which mines yielded more than 47% of the gold 
 produced domestically. 
 
 The resurgence of gold mining stems from two unrelated 
 factors. First was the discovery in the early 1960's of low- 
 grade, near-surface, disseminated, micrometer-sized gold 
 resources in northeastern Eureka County. The discovery 
 was followed by development of and subsequent production 
 from the Carlin Mine in 1965 and the Cortez Mine in 1969. 
 Second was the dramatic increase in domestic gold prices 
 caused by the establishment of the two-tier pricing system 
 in March 1968, which created an open market price for gold 
 that could fluctuate with supply and demand, and by the 
 removal of restrictions on private ownership of gold in 
 December 1974. 
 
 As a result of these two actions, the price of gold rose 
 from $1.13/g ($35/tr oz) in 1967 to over $19.29/g ($600/tr 
 oz) in 1980, and provided the economic incentive for 
 domestic producers to explore and develop deposits. As a 
 consequence, Nevada has seen a large increase in gold ex- 
 ploration activities over the past decade, which has resulted 
 in the development of many new mines, either currently 
 operating or projected to come on-stream in the next few 
 years. The outlook is for Nevada's mines to yield more than 
 a million ounces annually by the mid-1980's if the present 
 trend continues. 
 
 INFRASTRUCTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING 
 MINING ACTIVITIES IN NEVADA 
 
 UTILITIES 
 
 Electricity 
 
 Nevada is served by a mix of investor-owned £md public- 
 ly owned electric utility systems. Figvu-e 2 displays the 
 distribution of major electrical transmission lines, principal 
 substations, and in-state generating facilities. Figure 3 il- 
 lustrates the certificated service areas as designated by the 
 Nevada Public Service Commission for the State's larger 
 distribution systems. Several smaller systems occxu* 
 throughout the State but are not shown on figure 3. 
 
 According to the Public Service Commission, utilities 
 having a certificated service area have exclusive rights to 
 market electricity in the area. The utilities also have an 
 obligation to provide power to all new consumers. Service 
 in the uncertificated areas is somewhat competitive with 
 any utility having the right to market electricity subject 
 to granting of a certificate by the Public Service 
 Commission. 
 
 As of December 1983, all principal utilities had in- 
 
 *1972 constant dollar, gross national product basis. 
 
 dicated electrical supplies were generally adequate for new 
 or expanded mining and mineral processing facilities. 
 However, large consumers should expect up to a 2-yr lead 
 time for planning, permitting, and construction of new 
 power lines and ancillary facilities. In addition, mining con- 
 sumers would be required to pay the total installation cost 
 of facilities serving their operations prior to the beginning 
 of construction. In late 1982, the cost of a 10-MW substa- 
 tion was estimated at about $450,000, £iny three-phase line 
 at approximately $19,000/km ($30,000/mi), and a 138-kV 
 transmission line at $50,000/km ($80,000/mi). Although 
 recovery of construction capital is generally incorporated 
 into rate schedules, some isolated mining operations have 
 installed diesel-powered plants for generating electricity 
 rather than incur the large capital expenditure required 
 for construction of transmission facilities. 
 
 Table 3 presents representative industrial power rates 
 for the principal utilities in Nevada. 
 
 Natural Gas (689) 
 
 Natural gas is supplied to Nevada by two main 
 transmission lines. One line enters the State from the north 
 
Virginia -| 
 City 
 
 Figure 2.— Major electrical transmission lines, principal substations, and in-state generating facilities in Nevada. 
 
LEGEND 
 
 CPN C.P National 
 
 HEC Harney Electric Coop. 
 
 IPC Idaho Power Co. 
 
 LCPD Lincoln County Power District 
 
 MWP Mt. Wheeler Power Co. 
 
 NPC Nevada Power Co. 
 
 OPD Overton Power District 5 
 
 RRE Raft River Rural Electric Coop. 
 
 SPP Sierra Pacific Power Co. 
 
 VEA Valley Electric Assoc. 
 
 WRE Wells Rural Electric Co. 
 
 5C 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 U 1 lll H I J » » i»,«- / 
 
 LAS yE(ffiS£^ V J 
 
 ^v CPN I 
 
 Figure 3.— Major certificated electricity service areas in Nevada. 
 
10 
 
 Table 3. — Representative industrial electrical power rates in 
 Nevada, Decemt>er 1983 
 
 utility 
 
 C. P. National 
 
 Harney Electric Cooperative, Inc. 
 
 Idaho Power Co.^ 
 
 Lincoln County Power District 1 . 
 
 Mt. Wheeler Power Company . . . 
 
 Nevada Power Co 
 
 Overton Power District 5 
 
 Raft River Rural Electric Cooperative 
 Sierra Pacific Power Co 
 
 Valley Electric Association, Inc.s 
 Wells Rural Electric Co 
 
 Customer 
 
 monthly 
 
 meter 
 
 charge 
 
 $5.30 
 
 150.00 
 
 NAp 
 
 86.40 
 
 2.60 
 
 3.50 
 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 50.00 
 
 Demand 
 charge 
 
 per kW/ 
 month 
 
 NAp 
 
 $5.00 
 
 2.50 
 
 1.35 
 
 2.75 
 
 2.90 
 
 1.10 
 
 4.75 
 
 65.181 
 M.48J 
 8.176 
 4.00 
 
 Energy 
 
 charge 
 
 per kW.h 
 
 used 
 
 $0.05132 
 .039 
 .1557 
 .0099 
 
 f2.0537 
 
 13.0453 
 
 .0441 
 
 ■".030 
 
 =.024 
 
 '.025 
 
 . .024 
 
 .05217 
 
 .028 
 .035 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 1 Idaho Power Co. has made an application to the State of Nevada re- 
 questing a 57% increase in the energy charge. 
 21st 50,000 kW.h. 
 30ver 50,000 kW.h. 
 "Ist 100 kW.h. 
 =Over 100 kW-h. 
 
 61st 1,000 kW; 1,000-kW minimum. 
 70ver 1 ,000 kW. 
 ^Only single-phase power available. 
 
 and after crossing the Idaho-Nevada State line in Elko 
 County, runs directly to the Reno-Sparks area. The line has 
 main laterals serving gas to Winnemucca, Battle Mountain, 
 and Elko; to Fernley, Fallon, and Gabbs; to the Fort Chur- 
 chill area; to Yerington; and to the Carson City and Minden 
 areas. The second transmission line supplies gas from the 
 southwest States. It enters the southernmost tip of the State 
 and terminates in the Las Vegas area after passing north 
 through Searchlight and Henderson. Short laterals extend 
 to the Davis Dam, Blue Diamond gypsum mine and plant 
 (a short distance west of Las Vegas), and Glendale areas. 
 Figure 4 shows the natural gas transmission network in 
 Nevada. 
 
 The Southwest Gas Corp. (Southwest) is the intrastate 
 supplier of gas and owns all main transmission and lateral 
 lines. Southwest furnishes gas to the Sierra Pacific Power 
 (SPP) and C. P. National (CPN) public utility companies for 
 distribution. Sierra Pacific resells the gas in its service ter- 
 ritory that essentially consists of the Reno, Sparks, and Ver- 
 di municipalities (106). C. P. National distributes gas at 
 retail in the city of Henderson, located south of Las Vegas. 
 Southwest's Northern and Southern Divisions distribute 
 gas to all other communities served by natural gas in the 
 State. Cities and towns served by the Northern Division 
 include Elko, Carlin, Battle Mountain, Winnemucca, 
 Lovelock, Fernley, Fallon, Wadsworth, Dayton, Silver 
 Springs, Garnerville, Silver City, Minden, Incline Village, 
 and Stateline. The Southern Division retail sales include 
 customers in the Las Vegas, North Las Vegas, and Boulder 
 City areas. 
 
 Southwest's extensive Nevada pipeline network was 
 built as a result of potential revenues to be gained from the 
 use of natural gas for firing steam electric generators and 
 in mining and metal refining operations (106). In response 
 to a rapid rise in gas rates, a major defection of large-volvune 
 industrial and powerplant customers occurred between 1980 
 and 1982. Those customers who could, switched from gas 
 
 to residual oil for their fuel needs. Due primarily to this 
 decline of industrial customers within the Southwest 
 system, natural gas supplies are, and will be, readily 
 available in the foreseeable future for existing and new in- 
 dustrial customers. 
 
 Water {384, 459, 682, 684) 
 
 Nevada is the most arid State in the Union averaging 
 slightly less than 23 cm of precipitation annually. Precipita- 
 tion will vary from about 7.5 cm in the most arid valley 
 -to 100 to 150 cm in certain mountainous areas. About 84% 
 of Nevada's land area lies within the Great Basin section 
 of the Basin and Range province. The Great Basin area is 
 characterized by drainage flows into enclosed basins rather 
 than the sea. Water supplying these intermontane basins 
 is principally from storm runoff and snowmelt occurring 
 mostly during the spring and early summer months. Ex- 
 cept for times of high flow when ephemeral lakes or playas 
 may be formed, most mountain streams terminate prior to 
 reaching the basin floors. The annual evaporation rate is 
 high within the State, ranging from about 1 m in the north- 
 eastern part of the State to as high as 2 m in the southern- 
 most part. Nevada has few large streams or rivers. Unlike 
 those in other States, these streams decrease in size and 
 increase in dissolved mineral content as they flow. Nevada 
 has several large lakes, but these are generally peripheral 
 to the central portion of the State's land mass. 
 
 Nevada mining operations rely heavily on grovmd water 
 as a source of water. The water supply is usually developed 
 by a well, often several, drilled into deep saturated 
 sediments filling the intermontane basins. Though often 
 containing immense quantities of water built up and stored 
 over centuries, the average annual water recharge is 
 relatively small. If water usage is not kept at or below the 
 rate of recharge, shortages will result. Prolonged ground 
 water consumption greater than annual recharge would 
 result in long-term problems for all users. It has been 
 estimated that, even in the largest of Nevada's basins, the 
 annual recharge does not greatly exceed 61.7 million m^, 
 and in perhaps half the valleys, recharge is less than 18.5 
 million. Table 4 presents a summary of Nevada water 
 resources (682). 
 
 There are other factors besides the limited supply that 
 affect the supply and availability of water in Nevada for 
 development. These include water quality, low yield, 
 temperature, ground water movement, and water rights. 
 In some basins or portions thereof, water may be highly 
 mineralized or contain substantial amounts of undesirable 
 dissolved salts. Generally, water resources for mining are 
 developed on the edges of basins where water is usually of 
 higher quality compared with that contained in the central 
 portions of the basin. Some basins known to have moderate- 
 to-large yields will have areas of low yield, which results 
 in wells with high drawdown rates. Though usually not a 
 great problem for mine and mill consumption, above nor- 
 mal water temperatures occur in many areas of the State. 
 
 Problems also arise in developing water resources in 
 basins that are closed topographically but are not closed 
 hydraulically. As a result of water moving from one basin 
 to another beneath topographic divides, water development 
 and consumption in one basin can have broad unexpected 
 effects in adjacent basins. Problems with water availabili- 
 ty due to infringement of water rights occur throughout the 
 State. The problems are exacerbated by the largely 
 unknown and little understood hydraulic systems, par- 
 
11 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 '«« Main transmission 
 Transmission lateral 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 Compressor stations 
 
 50 
 
 
 1 
 
 Humboldt 
 
 Tl 
 
 Elko 
 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 Pershlno jf | \ 
 
 
 \^l 
 
 JlCtiurchill] eJeKaLhi.. P,n« 
 
 
 
 on C 1 
 
 
 
 Looufl 
 -Car* 
 —Store 
 
 las 
 y 
 
 \ / \ Nye 
 XEsmeralda 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 
 \ 
 
 Clark 
 
 Figure 4.— Natural gas distribution system in Nevada. 
 
12 
 
 Table 4. — Nevada water summary {682) 
 
 Estimated annual average precipitation 
 
 Surface water: 
 
 Estimated runoff from mountains 
 
 Estimated inflow crossing State line 
 
 (excluding Colorado River) 
 
 Colorado River 
 
 Estimated outflow crossing State line 
 
 (excluding Colorado River)i 
 
 Colorado River 
 
 Surface water storage capacity (excluding 
 State's portion of Mead, Mohave, Tahoe, 
 
 and Topaz) 
 
 Lake Mead 
 
 Lake Mohave 
 
 Lake Tahoe 
 
 Topaz Lake 
 
 Ground water (budget for valley-fill 
 reservoirs):^ 
 
 Estimated inflow 
 
 Estimated outflow 
 
 Recharge from precipitation 
 
 Perennial yield of valley-fill reservoirs .... 
 Stored in upper 100 ft of saturated valley 
 
 fill 
 
 Estimated transitional storage reserve .... 
 
 Estimated outflow crossing State line 
 
 Estimated inflow crossing State line 
 
 106 acre ft 
 
 54 
 
 3.2 
 
 1.3 
 9.7 
 
 .7 
 9.4 
 
 25 
 29.7 
 1.82 
 122 
 .0594 
 
 2 
 2 
 
 2.2 
 1.7 
 
 250 
 84 
 
 .15 
 .003 
 
 includes 1970 flow to Lake Mead from Las Vegas Wash. 
 ^Water underground in a given valley. 
 
 ticularly those outside of the larger municipality and 
 agricultural areas. Difficulties specifically occur as a result 
 of not fully understanding the interaction between surface 
 waters and ground water. The surface waters have long 
 been appropriated, and as ground water is continually 
 developed and utilized, surface water soiu-ces, with their 
 attached legal prior use rights, may be adversely impacted. 
 
 In an arid State such as Nevada where water supplies 
 are scarce and valuable, it has been necessary for the State 
 government to strictly control and regulate its use. The 
 State office that exercises authority over water use is the 
 Division of Water Resources (DWR) of the State Department 
 of Conservation and Natural Resources. The State Engineer 
 is the executive head of DWR and administers the ap- 
 propriation of public waters. The Division of Water 
 Resources operates under a complex set of laws that have 
 been developed over the past 100 yr of Nevada water usage. 
 
 For water planning and management purposes, the 
 State of Nevada has been divided into 14 major 
 hydrographic regions (fig. 5) of which all but two lie within 
 the Great Basin. In tm-n, the hydrographic regions are fur- 
 ther subdivided into 255 hydrographic areas. Nevada State 
 law authorizes the State Engineer to designate ground 
 water basins, to establish preferred uses of water within 
 the basins, and to limit withdrawal in these areas. 
 
 As State policy, withdrawal of ground water is generedly 
 limited to that naturally recharged to the ground water 
 basin. Additionally, Nevada Revised Statute (NRS) 533.035 
 states that "beneficial use shall be the basis, measure, and 
 the limit of the right to the use of water." These guidelines 
 result in the State Engineer assigning "designated" status 
 to hydrographic Eireas where ground water resources are 
 being depleted. By the end of 1983 there were 86 
 hydrographic areas throughout the State that have been 
 so designated. In the interest of public welfare, NRS 534.120 
 authorizes and directs the State Engineer to declare pre- 
 ferred uses within these basins. Preferred uses are limited 
 
 to domestic, municipal, quasimunicipal, mining, industrial, 
 irrigation, and stock-watering uses. After preferred uses 
 have been established for a designated basin, the State 
 Engineer is required to appropriate the scaurce water sup- 
 plies in the best interest of the public when acting on water 
 permit applications. In 1983, the State Engineer's office 
 stated that domestic and municipal uses had the highest 
 preferred order of use; mining had the next highest priori- 
 ty, above irrigation. The reason given for mining's high 
 priority is its relatively short consumptive lifespan and im- 
 portance in securing water for mine development in areas 
 where water demand approaches and exceeds the available 
 supply. 
 
 To gain water rights for mining and milling use, a com- 
 pany must submit an application for a permit to appropriate 
 to the State Engineer. By State statue, the State Engineer 
 is required to approve an application if there is unap- 
 propriated water at the requested source of supply and 
 where the applicant's use does not tend to impair the value 
 of existing rights or otherwise be detrimental to the pubic 
 interest. An approved application— a permit— grants the ap- 
 plicant the right to appropriate a designated amovmt of 
 water, from a particular source, for a defined purpose, and 
 for use at a defined location. 
 
 Major mine development has encountered water 
 availability problems in the past and no doubt will face in- 
 creasing difficulties in the future as it competes with other 
 users for scarce supplies. To date, mining has been accom- 
 modated for its water needs; however, the State is required 
 to protect the existing rights of water users and to promote 
 the general welfare of the State. As a result, some mine 
 developments have been required to obtain water from 
 relatively distant locations. 
 
 TRANSPORTATION 
 
 The Nevada highway and rail transportation systems 
 were developed imder the influences of supply and demand. 
 State highways initially were developed along frontier 
 trails. Once much more extensive, railroads in the State 
 were built to carry Nevada ores from mines to distant 
 smelters. In many cases they were replaced by highways 
 in response to social pressures for road connections between 
 towns. Many rail lines have been abandoned. 
 
 Rail {686, 732) 
 
 Nevada is served by two major railroads with transcon- 
 tinental connections, the Southern Pacific and the Union 
 Pacific. The Union Pacific more than doubled its rail length 
 within the State after merging with the Western Pacific 
 Railroad Co. in 1983. Nevada is also served by two in- 
 trastate railroads: the Nevada Northern and the U.S. Gjrp- 
 sum. The Nevada Northern is a short-line carrier that 
 suspended operations in December 1983. The U.S. Gjrpsum 
 is a private line with less than 10 km of track. 
 
 Nevada's rail system is comprised of 2,421 km of rail 
 lines consisting of 2,002 km of mainline and 419 km of 
 branchline. Figure 6 shows Nevada's rail system. Table 5 
 summarizes the State rail system by carrier. 
 
 Nevada Northern Railway Co.— "The Nevada Northern 
 is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Kennecott Copper Corp. 
 The line runs in a general north-south direction and 
 traverses portions of Elko and White Pine Counties. At 
 Cobre (Shafter), the Nevada Northern connects with the 
 
13 
 
 Hydrographic Regions 
 
 I.Norlhweet Region 
 
 2. Black Rock Desert Region 
 
 3. Snake River Basin 
 
 4. Humboldt River Basin 
 6. West Central Region 
 
 6. Truckee River Basin 
 
 7. Western Region 
 
 8. Carson River Basin 
 
 9. Walker River Basin 
 
 10. Central Region 
 
 1 1. Qreat Salt Lake Basin 
 
 12. Escalente Desert Basin 
 
 13. Colorado River Basin 
 
 14. Death Valley Basin 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 Hydrographic region boundary 
 
 Undesignated 
 
 Designated 
 
 [;X:';-j Water permits not being issued 
 |:|:|||;| Designated (restricted uses) 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 Figure 5.— Hydrographic regions and designated ground water recharge areas of Nevada. 
 
14 
 
 Reni 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 — Freight service only 
 
 I I I I Freight and passenger service 
 
 SP Southern Pacific 
 
 UP Union Pacific 
 
 NN Nevada Northern 
 
 use U.S.Gypsum 
 
 9 Passenger stations 
 
 TT f^ail flag stops 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 Figure 6.— Rail networit of Nevada. (Base map, courtesy Nevada Department of Transportation.) 
 
15 
 
 Table 5. — Rail carriers and railage, kilometers 
 
 Carrier 
 
 Mainline 
 
 Branchline 
 
 Total 
 
 pet 
 
 Nevada Northern Railway Co 
 
 Southern Pacific Transportation Co. 
 
 Union Pacific Railroad Co 
 
 U.S. Gypsum 
 
 238.2 
 
 723.5 
 
 1,030.5 
 
 9.7 
 
 18.8 
 
 234.2 
 
 165.9 
 
 
 
 257.0 
 
 957.7 
 
 1,196.4 
 
 9.7 
 
 10.6 
 
 39.6 
 
 49.4 
 
 .4 
 
 Total 
 
 2,001.9 
 
 418.9 
 
 2,420.8 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 mainline of the Southern Pacific; further south it connects 
 with the Union Pacific (formerly Western Pacific) track. The 
 mainline extends south to Kennecott Copper Corp. inactive 
 copper mines in the Robinson mining district. Two branch- 
 lines of the Nevada Northern connect the mainline to Ken- 
 necott's concentrator and smelter at McGill. After cessa- 
 tion of copper mining at the Ruth in 1976, the rail line has 
 experienced limited use. The rail line was not abandoned 
 but has suspended operations. Kennecott filed for abandon- 
 ment in 1984. Notice of suspensions of operations are filed 
 with the State for 6-month periods at a time. 
 
 Southern Pacific Transportation Co.— The Southern 
 Pacific Transportation Co. is the largest of the Southern 
 Pacific Co. subsidiaries. The company has broad financial 
 interests including transportation, communications, and 
 land management and development. Southern Pacific's in- 
 volvement in transportation includes rail, truck, piggyback, 
 and pipeline systems. 
 
 The Southern Pacific rail system links markets in 12 
 States in the west and southwest, and handles transcon- 
 tinental shipments through the rail centers of New Orleans, 
 Tucumcari (NM), Ogden, St. Louis, and Memphis. Interna- 
 tional rail shipments within Southern Pacific's system move 
 through the U.S. Gulf and Pacific coasts and along the Mex- 
 ican border. 
 
 In Nevada, the Southern Pacific offers direct mainline 
 service to major markets in Oregon, California, Utah, 
 Arizona, and New Mexico. Additionally, through-service is 
 offered to points in the Pacific Northwest, Midwest, and 
 Eastern United States. Extending east-west across northern 
 Nevada, the Southern Pacific operates between Ogden, UT, 
 and Roseville, CA. Connections in the Southern Pacific's 
 Nevada rail system are made with the Union Pacific 
 Railroad Co. (former Western Pacific) at Winnemucca and 
 the Nevada Northern Railway Co. at Cobre {686). 
 
 The Southern Pacific has two branchlines in Nevada, 
 both of which leave the mainline at Hazen, about 70 km 
 east of Reno. One branch, the Mina, runs in a southerly 
 direction from Hazen for about 210 km to Mina. The other 
 branch, the Fallon, runs easterly about 25 km to Fallon. 
 
 Union Pacific Railroad Co.— The Union Pacific Railroad 
 Co. transports diverse products and is a part of intermodal 
 traffic in the States of California, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, 
 Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, 
 Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. After the 1983 merger 
 with the Western Pacific Railroad Co., the Union Pacific 
 added about 723 km of track (688 km of mainline) in north- 
 ern Nevada to its existing 473 km northeast-southwest 
 track system (including 342 km of mainline) in southern 
 Nevada. 
 
 The Union Pacific rail line runs west from Salt Lake 
 City, enters northern Nevada, and parallels the Southern 
 Pacific's track in a cooperative paired track arrangement 
 between a point near Wells to Winnemucca. Connections 
 with the Nevada Northern and the Southern Pacific are at 
 Shafter and Winnemucca, respectively. One branchline 
 
 operated in the company's northern Nevada system runs 
 53 km (35 km of Nevada railage) from a connection point 
 with the mainline at Reno Junction in northeastern Califor- 
 nia to the northern Reno area. 
 
 In southern Nevada, the Union Pacific passes through 
 Las Vegas, and has about 343 km of mainline track, and 
 about 130 km of branchline. The mainline connects major 
 cities and towns of southern Nevada with direct lines 
 southwest to Los Angeles and northeast to the Salt Lake 
 City, Provo, and Ogden areas. From this hub area, direct 
 lines exist west to San Francisco; northwest to Portland, 
 Tacoma, and Seattle; and east where many connections ex- 
 ist for rail haulage to Gulf Coast ports. 
 
 Union Pacific's four branchlines in southern Nevada are 
 the Pioche, Prince, Mead Lake, and Boulder City. Several 
 major spurs connect the branchlines to industrial areas and 
 military installations. The Pioche Branch, about 52 km in 
 length, connects the Union Pacific mainline at Caliente and 
 terminates to the north near Pioche. The Prince Branch con- 
 nects with the Pioche Branch and extends 14 km west to 
 the Caselton and Prince Mines in the Pioche mining district. 
 The Mead Lake and Boulder City branchy connect the 
 mainline with the Nevada towns of Overton, Henderson, 
 and Boulder City. 
 
 U.S. Gypsum.— The U.S. G5T)sum Co. operates a 10-km- 
 long private railroad fi:om its Empire plant in Washoe Coun- 
 ty to a connection point with the Union Pacific Railroad 
 at Gerlach, NV. Company practice in 1982 was to ship out- 
 bound finished products using five to eight cars. Two or 
 three cars were used to haul inbound raw materials (686). 
 
 Road 
 
 Nevada's highway and road system is key to the min- 
 ing industry's successful development of the State's mineral 
 wealth. The system serves the seventh largest State in the 
 Union, containing about 288,200 km* (110,500 mi*) of land. 
 The States stretches about 780 km (485 miles) north-south 
 and about 505 km (315 miles) east-west. Federal and State 
 highways serve interstate and intrastate movements, 
 respectively. The county road system serves intracounty 
 movement not served by the State system. 
 
 Nevada is traversed east to west by interstate highways 
 1-80 and 1-15. Interstate 80 traverses northern Nevada 
 directly connecting its cities and communities including 
 Elko, Battle Mountain, Winnemucca, and Reno to 
 Sacramento and San Francisco to the west, and Salt Lake 
 City to the east. Interstate 15 passes through Las Vegas 
 providing direct connections to Los Angeles and the Salt 
 Lake City area. Interstate highways comprise about 875 
 km of the State's approximately 88,100 km (1980) of roads, 
 highways, and streets (687). State and county rural 
 highways and roads make up about 77,700 km. Figures 7 
 and 8 show the State's road and highway system and the 
 approximate haul distances between major points. Figure 
 9 shows the relative accessibility of intrastate routes when 
 planning for transport of heavy "overweight" mine or mill 
 equipment loads. 
 
 Generally, intrastate movement of mine products is by 
 truck. Commonly, movement of ores and concentrates over 
 the State road and highway system is by contract carrier. 
 Long-distance interstate movement of mine or mill products, 
 characterized by large bulk and low general value, is most 
 often by rail after products are trucked to railheads. High 
 unit value products such as mercury and gold may be 
 trucked for long distances. However, gold dorfe -bullion is 
 
16 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 50 
 
 Figure 7.— General highway map of Nevada. (Courtesy Nevada Department of Transportation.) 
 
17 
 
 223 
 330 Francisco.CA 
 
 DelU.UT 
 
 1 33*'^ George.UT 
 
 Figure 8.— Highway distances between principal Nevada communities. 
 
18 
 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 Least restrictive 
 
 More restrictive 
 
 Most restrictive 
 
 Most restrictive -critical; expect difficulty 
 in obtaining State approval for haulage 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 Figure 9.— Highway accessibility for transporting nonreducible loads above legal weight limits. 
 (Base map, courtesy Nevada Department of transportation.) 
 
19 
 
 often transported to refineries by air from the State's ma- 
 jor gold mines. 
 
 Because transportation can be a significant element in 
 overall resource exploitation, mine operators attempt to 
 keep their mine-to-mill or mine-to-market transportation 
 costs as low as possible. Efforts have been made to persuade 
 the State to increase the legal maximum weight limitations 
 on State and county roads, or to grant special permits or 
 waivers for continuous haulage of overweight loads. 
 Because of potentially increased damage to road surfaces, 
 State policy has not yielded in this area. However, the State 
 does grant permits for single or one-way haulage of 
 nonreducible overweight loads, such as might be en- 
 coiintered when delivering heavy mine and mill equipment 
 to a minesite. In Nevada, approval to haul such loads is dif- 
 ficult to get during the spring months when the frost is 
 thawing, and during periods when the subgrade lacks 
 stability because of high moisture content. 
 
 REGULATION AND TAXATION 
 
 Mining is critically important to Nevada. Mining and 
 mineral exploration are particularly vital to the economies 
 of nimierous small towns and cities, some of which are 
 almost completely dependent upon the mining industry. The 
 influence on the economies of the State's large cities is more 
 indirect. The mining industry contributes substantially to 
 the State's economy through jobs, taxes, freight revenues, 
 and the support of satellite industries. Nevada mining 
 regulations and taxation are generally favorable to the 
 mineral industry (i 07) as the State recognizes the impor- 
 tance of a prosperous and stable mineral industry. 
 
 Mining Regulations 
 
 Most regulation governing development of Nevada 
 mineral resources occurs at the State level: "Air quality 
 control may be regulated at the county or municipal levels; 
 solid waste management may be regulated at the county 
 level; and zoning and special uses are regulated at the 
 municipal level" (731). 
 
 A major portion of Nevada mining law deals with claim 
 location, millsites, tunnel rights, claim disposition, partner- 
 ships, and licensing of equipment operators. The most 
 restrictive State laws relate to mining safety and health, 
 and air and water quality control. The State has adopted 
 all mandatory Federal health and safety standards as 
 published by MSHA, and the Occupational Safety and 
 Health Administration (OSHA) of the U.S. Department of 
 Labor. The State Inspector of Mines, Division of Mine In- 
 spection, State of Nevada Department of Industrial Rela- 
 tions is responsible for insuring industry compliance with 
 mine safety regulations. 
 
 By State statute all water supply sources within the 
 State, whether surface or underground, belong to the public, 
 and their usage is regulated by the Division of Water 
 Resources. Federal and State air and water quality laws 
 are administered by the Nevada Division of Environmen- 
 tal Protection. The State air and water quality laws are 
 generally no more stringent than Federal laws. 
 
 Nevada has no State clearinghouse or one-stop permit 
 agency that serves to consolidate the permitting process 
 within the State. Table 6 outlines State and Federal per- 
 mits (and agency contacts) required during planning, 
 development, and construction. The table is based on 
 
 Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Special Publication 
 L-6, State and Federal Permits Required in Nevada Before 
 Mining or Milling Can Begin (rev. 1981), available from 
 Nevada Bureau of Mines and Gteology, Reno, NV 89557. The 
 publication contains data compiled by the Nevada Depart- 
 ment of Minerals (formerly State Division of Mineral 
 Resources) on when permits are required, maximum and 
 minimum times to obtain permits, permit costs, re- 
 quirements for public notice, and other information required 
 by the granting agency. Communication with the Nevada 
 Department of Minerals (400 West King Street, Suite 106, 
 Carson City, NV 89710, (702) 855-5050), is recommended 
 for information regarding changes or additions to regula- 
 tions and permitting procedures related to mining. 
 
 Similar information is available and explained in 
 greater detail in Permit Requirements for Development of 
 Energy and Other Selected Natural Resources for the State 
 of Nevada, 1981, prepared for Four Corners Regional Com- 
 mission and the U.S. Geological Survey (731). This docu- 
 ment, available for several western States, is obtainable 
 from U.S. Greological Survey, Environmental Affairs Office, 
 760 National Center, Reston, VA 22092. 
 
 Taxation (18) 
 
 Principal taxes paid by Nevada mining operations are 
 taxes on net proceeds, property taxes on mine and mill 
 equipment and improvements, and sales tax paid when pur- 
 chasing equipment and supplies. Other taxes are levied on 
 patented mine claims, and on oil-gas-geothermal leases. 
 
 The net-proceeds-of-mines tax is imposed on net earn- 
 ings resulting from the sale of the product of the mining 
 operation. The Nevada Department of Taxation is directed 
 by State statute to determine the net proceeds of a mining 
 operation from detailed financial data the mining company 
 is required to submit. The net proceeds, which are subject 
 to taxation, are based on gross yield or value of the product 
 less allowable deductions for operating expenses. These 
 deductions include, but are not limited to, actual costs for 
 the following: 
 
 1. Extracting ore from the mines. 
 
 2. Transporting the mine product to the place of reduc- 
 tion, refining, or sale. 
 
 3. Reduction, refining, and sale. 
 
 4. Marketing and delivering the product and the conver- 
 sion of the product into money. 
 
 5. Maintenance and repair of equipment and facilities. 
 
 6. Fire insurance. 
 
 7. Depreciation of the original capitalized cost of 
 machinery, facilities, etc. 
 
 8. Mine development work. 
 
 9. Royalties. 
 
 The tax rate imposed upon the net proceeds earned from 
 mining is equal to the ad valorem (property tax) rate set 
 by the county assessor for other property within the same 
 respective taxing jurisdiction. 
 
 Mining companies are also subject to a property tax 
 assessed on mine and mill improvements and equipment. 
 Property appraisal is conducted by the State Department 
 of Taxation and is subject to the local jurisdiction tax rate 
 set by the county assessor. Nevada's statutes limit the rate 
 of the ad valorem property tax to a maximum of $3.64 for 
 each $100 assessed valuation. Assessed value is set at 35% 
 of the statutorily defined taxable value of the property. In 
 turn, taxable value is based on the cost appraisal approach 
 where value is determined by establishing the replacement 
 
20 
 
 Table 6.— Permits required in Nevada before initiation of mining or milling (20C) 
 
 Requirement Granting agency or agency to contact 
 
 State: 
 Permit to construct campsite Nevada Division of Healtli, Bureau of Consumer Health Protection Services 
 
 505 East King St., Carson City, NV 89710 
 
 (702) 885-4750 
 Endangered wildlife Nevada Department of Wildlife 
 
 P.O. Box 10678 
 
 1100 Valley Road, Reno, NV 89520 
 
 (702) 784-6214 
 Endangered plants Nevada Division of Forestry, Dept. of Conservation and Natural Resources 
 
 201 South Fall St., Carson City, NV 89710 
 
 (702) 885-4350 
 Air quality permit to construct Nevada Division of Environmental Protection 
 
 201 South Fall St., Carson City, NV 89710 
 
 (702) 885-4670 
 
 Nevada water pollution control permit Do. 
 
 Authorization for disposal of solid wastes Do. 
 
 Air quality permit to operate Do. 
 
 Hazardous waste Do. 
 
 Permit to appropriate the public waters .... Nevada Division of Water Resources 
 
 201 South Fall St., Carson City, NV 89710 
 
 (702) 885-4380 
 
 Permit to construct tailings dam Do. 
 
 Opening and closing mines State Inspector of Mines 
 
 1380 S. Curry St., Carson City. NV 89710 
 
 (702) 885-5243 
 Historic preservation Nevada Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology 
 
 201 South Fall St., Carson City, NV 89710 
 
 (702) 885-5138 
 
 Federal: 
 Use of BLM-administered land Bureau of Land Management— State Office 
 
 Division of Mineral Resources 
 
 300 Booth St., P.O. Box 1200, Reno, NV 89520 
 
 (702) 784-5676 
 
 Use of BLM-administered land under wilderness review Do. 
 
 Temporary use of BLM-administered land Do. 
 
 Prevention of significant deterioration Environmental Protection Agency 
 
 Division of New Source Section, Air Management 
 
 215 Fremont St., San Francisco, CA 94105 
 
 (415)974-8110 
 Right of way for transmission corridor Bureau of Land Management 
 
 Branch of Appraisal 
 4 300 Booth St., P.O. Box 1200, Reno, NV 89520 
 
 (702) 784-5474 
 
 Road access (ROW) Do. 
 
 Purchase, transport, or storage of explosives Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms 
 
 350 South Center St., Reno, NV 89501 
 
 (702) 784-5251 
 Flora and fauna U.S. Forest Service 
 
 1200 Franklin Way, Sparks, NV 89431 
 
 (702) 784-5331 
 Notification of commencement of operation Mine Safety and Health Administration 
 
 3680 Grant Drive, Reno, NV 89509 
 
 (702) 784-5892 
 Patenting mining claims Bureau of Land Management 
 
 300 Booth St., P.O. Box 1200, Reno, NV 89520 
 
 (702) 784-5751 
 
 City and County: General plan, building permit. Contact respective city or county government affected by a proposed opera- 
 
 special-use permit, zoning cliange, business license. tion for information on what permits may be required. 
 
 costs, minus straight-line depreciation. The average Nevada 
 ad valorem taxation per $100 of assessed value, as of August 
 1983, was $2.12. Current State statute limits annual growth 
 in ad valorem revenue derived from old property in the ag- 
 gregate to 4.5% without a vote of the people. 
 
 The third principal tax eiffecting mining companies is 
 the sales and use tax. In 1981, the sales tax was increased 
 statewide from 3.5% to 5.75%. Only Washoe County has a 
 higher rate of 6%, imposed in November 1982. 
 
 For a comparative study of mine tax impact in Nevada 
 and six western States, see reference 107. 
 
 MINERAL PROCESSING FACILITIES 
 Milling Facilities 
 
 Nevada beneficiation facilities are shown in figure 10 
 and listed in tables 7 and 8. Although the State has signifi- 
 cant processing facilities for such commodities as diatomite, 
 gypsum, limestone, salt, and colemanite, the facilities 
 shown and listed are limited to those that process any of 
 the 17 commodities designated in the introduction of this 
 report. The State hosts primary beneficiation facilities for 
 
21 
 
 the processing of ores of antimony, beirium, copper, gold, 
 silver, lead-zinc, magnesium, mercury, molybdenum, 
 tungsten, and lithium brines. 
 
 Much of the data given in figure 10 and tables 7 and 
 8 are from the directories of active Nevada mine operations 
 compiled and published annually by the Division of Mine 
 Inspection, Department of Industrial Relations, State of 
 Nevada {683, 685, 688). Mill capacity and type of operation 
 data were derived from journals, newspapers, and personal 
 communication with the owners and operators. The figure 
 and tables are not intended to be comprehensive; rather, 
 the data are intended to show the 1983-84 status of 
 strategic mineral process development within the State. 
 
 Over the past several years there has existed an excess 
 of in-state milling capacity for copper, tungsten, and lead- 
 zinc. This continuing trend through 1983 and into 1984 was 
 caused, at least in part, by low commodity prices and related 
 foreign competition. In 1983, the outward signs of a similar 
 demise appeared for barite with many mines and/or mills 
 producing at much reduced levels and some operations clos- 
 ing. Fluctuating market conditions tend to have a major 
 impact on in-state lithium (lithium carbonate as the prod- 
 uct), mercury, and molybdenum production because each 
 of these commodities are produced by a single, "large" 
 operation. Mill production from Nevada's lithium and mer- 
 cviry properties has been relatively stable in recent years; 
 however, molybdenum (concentrate) production has fluc- 
 tuated and at the end of 1983, following an 8-month shut- 
 down, output remained less than capacity. 
 
 Activity in the State's precious metal industry has been 
 robust in the past several years. Several milling facilities 
 have operated at rates exceeding design capacity. Mill con- 
 versions from other commodity products to gold production 
 have occurred. Expansion of existing gold processing 
 facilities to greater capacities and the use of multiple proc- 
 esses are common. The precious metal industry, gold 
 especially, is by far the largest segment of Nevada's cur- 
 rent mining industry. Of the 389 large and small Nevada 
 mining operations active in 1983, gold and silver operations 
 comprised about 57%. 
 
 Smelting and Refining 
 
 Nevada hosts one smelting and one processing facility 
 that have been available for custom processing of copper 
 and tungsten concentrates. The Kennecott smelter at 
 McGill processed copper concentrates prior to its closure in 
 
 June 1983. Kennametal, Inc., Nevada Division, is solely 
 dependent on custom tungsten concentrates for its opera- 
 tion located a short distance north of Fallon. 
 
 The Kennecott smelter, colocated with the company's 
 19,500 t/d (21,500 ton/d) flotation concentrator, has the 
 capacity to produce 45,000 t/a (50,000 ton/yr) of blister cop- 
 per. It has operated on an intermittent basis after the com- 
 pany's nearby Ruth Mine closed in 1978. Since then, the 
 smelter has survived on stockpiled copper concentrates, and 
 on custom concentrates processed for other copper com- 
 panies or from Kennecott's other operations. The smelter 
 closed because of the inability to obtain adequate concen- 
 trates. Kennecott plans to continue maintenance of the 
 facilities in the event domestic copper industry conditions 
 improve. 
 
 The Kennametal processing plant buys tungsten con- 
 centrates on the world market. As of early 1984, domestic 
 concentrates were not being offered, and the plant's sup- 
 ply sources were from foreign suppliers only. The company 
 purchased concentrates meeting normal tungsten specifica- 
 tions with 60% WO3. Minimum amount accepted per ship- 
 ment is 450 1 (500 ton). Sulfur content above 1.5% is penal- 
 ized (734). 
 
 Smelting facilities are common to Nevada's numerous 
 gold operations. The facilities are captive and seldom con- 
 sider smelting outside concentrates. Dore product is sent 
 generally to east and west coast companies for refining. 
 
 Figure 1 1 shows and lists principal smelting and refin- 
 ing processing facilities in the immediate area significant 
 to Nevada. The figure does not include the Battle Moun- 
 tain area barite grinding facilities (fig. 10). Facilities listed 
 in the figure either currently buy, or have in the past, 
 bought custom concentrates. The figure lists a much smaller 
 nmnber of copper, lead, and zinc smelting-refining facilities 
 than would have been included 15 yr ago. The closing of 
 smelting and refinery facilities has added significantly to 
 the distances companies, especially the smaller operations, 
 must ship their concentrates for treatment (734). Even 
 Nevada's largest operations, such as Anacon^ Company's 
 Nevada Moly Mine,® may have to ship concentrates great 
 distances for smelting. As an example, the molybdenum con- 
 centrates from the molybdenum-copper mine have been 
 shipped to roasting facilities in Iowa, Pennsylvania, 
 Canada, and Europe. 
 
 "Nevada Moly Mine indefinitely suspended operations in January 
 1985 because of poor market conditions. 
 
22 
 
 Table 7.— Numerical index of selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada 
 
 (Refer to fiflure 10) 
 
 I 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Name 
 
 Commod- 
 ity! 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Name 
 
 Commod- 
 ity! 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Name 
 
 Commod- 
 ity! 
 
 1.. 
 2.. 
 3.. 
 4.. 
 5.. 
 6.. 
 
 7.. 
 8.. 
 9.. 
 10. 
 11. 
 12. 
 13. 
 14. 
 15. 
 
 16. 
 17. 
 18. 
 19. 
 20. 
 21. 
 22. 
 23. 
 24. 
 25. 
 
 26. 
 
 27. 
 
 28. 
 
 29. 
 30. 
 31. 
 32. 
 33. 
 34. 
 35. 
 36. 
 37. 
 38. 
 39. 
 40. 
 41. 
 
 McDermitt 
 
 Oxbow Tungsten 
 
 Dry Creek 
 
 Stormy Creel< 
 
 Wells 
 
 Enfield Bell (Jerritt 
 
 Canyon). 
 
 Dexter 
 
 Esmeralda 
 
 Getchell 
 
 Pinson 
 
 Rossi 
 
 Dee 
 
 Bootstrap 
 
 Goldstrike 
 
 Bullion Monarch (Universal 
 
 Gas of Montana). 
 
 Carlin 
 
 Eisenmann 
 
 Patsy Ann 
 
 Gold Quarry 
 
 Maggie Creek 
 
 Nevada Barth 
 
 Dunphy 
 
 Argenta 
 
 Dresser 
 
 Battle Mountain Grinding 
 
 (IMCO). 
 Battle Mountain Copper 
 
 Basin. 
 Battle Mountain Copper 
 
 Canyon Precipitation 
 
 plant. 
 Battle Mountain Copper 
 
 Canyon. 
 
 Independence 
 
 Bateman Canyon 
 
 Fire Creek 
 
 Major Barite 
 
 Grey Eagfe 
 
 Buckhorn 
 
 Cortez leach 
 
 Cortez 
 
 Greystone 
 
 Mountain Springs (IMCO) . . 
 Mountain Springs (FMC) . . 
 
 Jupiter 
 
 Fortune Cookie 
 
 Hg 
 
 W 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Fe 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Cu 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 Ag 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 42. 
 43. 
 44. 
 45. 
 46. 
 47. 
 48. 
 49. 
 50. 
 51. 
 52. 
 53. 
 54. 
 55. 
 56. 
 
 57. 
 58. 
 
 59. 
 60. 
 61. 
 62. 
 63. 
 64. 
 65. 
 66. 
 67. 
 68. 
 69. 
 70. 
 71. 
 72. 
 73. 
 74. 
 75. 
 76. 
 77. 
 78. 
 79. 
 80. 
 81. 
 82. 
 83. 
 84. 
 85. 
 86. 
 87. 
 
 Springer 
 
 Lewis 
 
 Global 
 
 Imlay Canyon 
 
 Nevada Packard 
 
 Oreana 
 
 F. M. Wright 
 
 Relief Canyon 
 
 Gold Hill 
 
 Bernlce Canyon 
 
 Tungsten Mountain 
 
 New Pass 
 
 Allen 
 
 Austin Resources 
 
 Bullion Monarch 
 
 (Monarch Mining). 
 
 Bauer 
 
 Precious Metals (Brazos, 
 
 Imperial-Klondike). 
 
 Victorine (Sumich) 
 
 Silver Center-Wonder 
 
 Anchor Cox Canyon 
 
 Kennametal 
 
 Fallon 
 
 John Young (Wheeler) . . . . 
 
 Fisk 
 
 Nevada Pacific 
 
 Gooseberry 
 
 American Flat 
 
 Haywood-Santiago 
 
 Bennetts 
 
 Donovan 
 
 DeLaMare 
 
 Buckskin 
 
 Veta Grande 
 
 Bell Mountain 
 
 Nevada Scheelite 
 
 Paymaster 
 
 lone Placer 
 
 Luning 
 
 Nevada Works 
 
 Paradise Peak 
 
 Santa Fe 
 
 Kinkead 
 
 Borealls 
 
 Aurora 
 
 Ashby 
 
 New Boston 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Ag 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Sb 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Ag 
 
 Ag 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 MgO 
 
 MgO 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 88. 
 89. 
 90. 
 91. 
 92. 
 93. 
 94. 
 95. 
 96. 
 97. 
 
 98. 
 99. 
 100 
 101 
 102 
 103 
 104 
 105 
 106 
 
 107 
 108 
 
 109 
 110 
 111 
 112 
 113 
 114 
 115 
 116 
 117 
 118 
 119 
 120 
 121 
 122 
 
 123 
 124 
 125 
 126 
 127 
 128 
 129 
 
 Red Rock 
 
 Aden 
 
 Potosi 
 
 Candelaria 
 
 Argentum 
 
 G&S 
 
 Northumberland 
 
 East Northumberland . . 
 
 Round Mountain 
 
 Manhattan (Arizona Hill- 
 side Mining Co). 
 
 Manhattan (Tenneco) . . 
 
 Nevada Moly 
 
 Tonopah West (Miller's) 
 
 Boss 
 
 Jumbo 
 
 Tonopah Divide 
 
 Silver Peak 
 
 Sixteen-to-One 
 
 Goldfield Tailings 
 (Blackhawk). 
 
 Goldfield (Trafalgar) 
 
 Goldfield (Southern 
 Pacific, Noranda, P.G. 
 &U). 
 
 Spicer Mining Co., Inc. . 
 
 Montgomery Shoshone . 
 
 Sterling 
 
 Victoria 
 
 Bald Mountain 
 
 Alligator Ridge 
 
 Windfall 
 
 McGill Smelter 
 
 McGill Concentrator . . . 
 
 Sunshine Puritan 
 
 Ward 
 
 Taylor 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 Research Silver (Silver 
 Horn). 
 
 Pioche 
 
 Caselton 
 
 Emerson 
 
 Mockingbird 
 
 Continental 
 
 Oro Oe Mojave 
 
 Jetco 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Mo 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Li 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 Au 
 Au 
 Cu 
 Au 
 Au 
 Au 
 Cu 
 Cu 
 Cu 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 ! Principal commodity. 
 
23 
 
 • Active, 1984 (production 
 and/or development) 
 
 o Inactive 
 
 Figure 10.— Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada. 
 
24 
 
 Pb,Zn(1) 
 
 
 NAME 
 
 COMPANY 
 
 TYPE 
 
 STATUS 
 
 1 
 
 Trail plant, B.C. 
 
 COMINCO, Ltd. 
 
 A 
 
 a 
 
 2 
 
 Tacoma plant 
 
 ASARCO, Inc. 
 
 A 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 Bunker Hill 
 
 Bunker Ltd. Part. 
 
 AB 
 
 b 
 
 4 
 
 Kellogg plant 
 
 Sunshine Mining Co. 
 
 B 
 
 c 
 
 5 
 
 East Helena plant 
 
 ASARCO, Inc. 
 
 A 
 
 a* 
 
 6 
 
 Salt Lake City plant 
 
 Johnson-Matthey 
 
 B 
 
 c 
 
 7 
 
 Geneva plant, Provo 
 
 U.S. Steel Corp. 
 
 A 
 
 a 
 
 8 
 
 Mc Gill 
 
 Kennecott 
 
 A 
 
 b 
 
 9 
 
 Fallon plant 
 
 Kennametal 
 
 C 
 
 a 
 
 10 
 
 Pine Creek plant 
 
 Union Carbide 
 
 C 
 
 b 
 
 11 
 
 Los Angeles plant 
 
 Engelhard 
 
 B 
 
 a 
 
 12 
 
 Miami plant 
 
 Inspiration Consolidation 
 
 AB 
 
 a 
 
 13 
 
 Hayden plant 
 
 ASARCO, Inc. 
 
 A 
 
 a 
 
 14 
 
 Douglas plant 
 
 Phelps Dodge 
 
 A 
 
 a 
 
 15 
 
 El Paso plant 
 
 ASARCO, Inc. 
 
 A 
 
 a 
 
 16 
 
 Amarillo plant 
 
 ASARCO, Inc. 
 
 B 
 
 a 
 
 17 
 
 Corpus Chrlsti plant 
 
 ASARCO, Inc. 
 
 B 
 
 b,a 
 
 Type: A, smelter; B, refinery; C, chemical 
 
 Status: a, activei b, idle; c, under construction or expansion 
 
 'Closure planned In spring 1 985 
 
 Cu(141f 
 
 Figure 1 1 .—Regional secondary processing facilities significant to Nevada. 
 
25 
 
 Table 8.— Selected beneflciation facilities in Nevada 
 
 Name and operator 
 
 County 
 
 Status 
 
 Map 
 No.' 
 
 Method 
 
 Capacity^ 
 
 Type 
 
 Comments 
 
 ANTIMONY 
 
 Bernice Canyon; 
 Howard Turley. 
 
 Churchill . . . 
 
 Idle 
 
 51 
 
 Mill, screen . . . 
 
 1.8 t/h 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity is ball mill capacity. 
 
 
 Owner hopes to operate the mill 
 in 1985 with possible addition 
 of flotation circuit. The mine 
 was operational in 1984. Ore 
 contains Au, Ag. 
 
 BARITE 
 
 Allen; Tom Norris 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 54 
 
 Mill, gravity 
 
 Oig)- 
 
 36 t/h 
 
 A 
 
 Produces about 18 t/h product. 
 Equipment comprised of 1 roll 
 
 Mining Co. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 crusher and 1 jig. 
 
 Argenta; Milchem, 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 , . . do . . . 
 
 23 
 
 Mill, gravity. 
 
 136 t/h crush, 
 
 A, B 
 
 Reportedly operating at 55% to 
 
 Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 grind. 
 
 16.4 t/h grind. 
 
 
 60% of capacity; has accepted 
 custom in the past. 
 
 Bateman Canyon; Mil- 
 
 do 
 
 Idle 
 
 30 
 
 Mill, gravity 
 
 Gig)- 
 
 54 t/h 
 
 A, B 
 
 Custom work accepted in past and 
 will consider custom in future. 
 
 chem, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 25 
 
 Mill, grind. 
 
 360 t/d, 27 t/h ... 
 
 A, B 
 
 127,000-t/a capacity. 3 grinding 
 
 Grinding; Imco 
 
 
 
 
 classification. 
 
 
 
 mills, 9-t/h capacity each. 
 
 Services, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dresser (Battle 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 24 
 
 Mill, crush, 
 
 32 t/h, total 
 
 A,B 
 
 Grinding plant; 3 roller mills. 
 
 Mountain); Dresser 
 
 
 
 
 grind. 
 
 grind. 
 
 
 Reported operating at about 60% 
 
 Minerals. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 capacity in early 1983. Would 
 consider taking custom ore if 
 spare capacity exists. 
 
 Dry Creek; Chromalloy 
 
 Elko 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Mill, gravity 
 
 180 to 230 t/h ... 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity is jaw crusher. 
 
 Mining and Minerals 
 
 
 
 
 Gig)- 
 
 
 
 
 (owner), leased by 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Circle A Construc- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tion. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dunphy; N. L. Indus- 
 
 Eureka 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 22 
 
 Mill, gravity, 
 
 110 t/h 
 
 A, B 
 
 f-lave done and would consider 
 
 tries, Baroid Di- 
 
 
 
 
 flotation. 
 
 
 
 custom grinding, not flotation; 
 
 vision. 
 
 
 
 
 grind. 
 
 
 
 73-t/h railcar loading capacity. 
 
 East Northumberland; 
 
 Nye 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 95 
 
 Mill, gravity . . . 
 
 1,365 t/d, 90 t/h 
 
 A, B 
 
 Portable crusher; peak load for _ 
 
 All Minerals, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 crushing circuit is 136 t/h. 
 
 Eisenmann; Eisenmann 
 
 Eureka 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 17 
 
 Mill, crush, jig. 
 
 272,000 t/a 
 
 A, B 
 
 Possesses 2 jigs; has done custom 
 
 Chemical Co. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 crushing and would consider 
 custom jigging. In 1984, mill feed 
 was stockpiled ore from its Lakes 
 Mine. 
 Formerly a fluorspar mill, bought 
 
 Fallon; Standard Slag 
 
 Churchill . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 63 
 
 Mill, flotation . . 
 
 7.3 t/h product . . . 
 
 A, B 
 
 Co. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 to feed P & S barite mine ore. 
 
 Greystone; Dresser 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 37 
 
 Mill, gravity 
 
 110 t/h estimated 
 
 A 
 
 Mill is portable; capable of 
 
 Minerals. 
 
 
 
 
 Gig). 
 
 product. 
 
 
 producing 907,000-t/a product. 
 
 Jumbo; GEO Drilling 
 
 Nye 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 102 
 
 Mill, crush. 
 
 272 t/h 
 
 A 
 
 Active in 1983; status unknown in 
 
 Ruids, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 screen. 
 
 
 
 1984. 
 
 Kinkead; Kinkead Min- 
 
 Mineral .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 83 
 
 do 
 
 23 t/h 
 
 A 
 
 Mill has flotation capability; 
 intermittent operation. Jig 
 
 ing and Construction. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 capacity— 14 t/h. Normally 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 operates at 90 t/d. 
 
 Mountain Springs 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 39 
 
 Mill, crush. 
 
 63,000 t/a 
 
 A 
 
 Primary crusher design capacity 
 
 (FMC); FMC Corp. 
 
 
 
 
 screen. 
 
 
 
 is about 181 t/h. 
 
 Mountain Springs 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 38 
 
 Mill, jig, table. 
 
 400,000 t/a. 
 
 A 
 
 
 (IMCO); Imco 
 
 
 
 
 flotation. 
 
 127,000 t/a 
 
 
 
 Services, Inc. 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 ground product. 
 
 
 
 Patsy Ann; Unichem 
 
 Eureka 
 
 Idle 
 
 18 
 
 Gravity Qig) . . . 
 
 30 to 34 t/h 
 
 A 
 
 2 jigs. New equipment operated 
 
 Minerals, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 about 2 months in 1983; no 
 crusher. Product capacity is 10.9 
 t/jig; jigs processed Coyote Mine 
 
 nro 
 
 Rossi; Tom Norris, 
 
 Elko 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 11 
 
 Mill, gravity . . . 
 
 108 t/h 
 
 A 
 
 Ui C7> 
 
 Minesite portable 2-stage 
 crushing with 2 jigs; produces 
 
 Inc. (contractor). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 about 907 t product over 14 h/d. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Product goes to Dunphy plant. 
 
 Stormy Creek; Old 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 4 
 
 Mill, screen. 
 
 272 t/h crush, 
 
 A, B 
 
 Operated partial year of 1983; 
 
 Soldier Minerals. 
 
 
 
 
 gravity (jig). 
 
 109 t/h jig. 
 
 
 idle in 1984. Will consider custom 
 milling. 
 
 See explanatory notes at end of table. 
 
26 
 
 Table 8.— Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada— Continued 
 
 Name and operator 
 
 County 
 
 Status 
 
 Map 
 No.1 
 
 Method 
 
 Capacity^ 
 
 Type 
 
 Comments 
 
 COPPER 
 
 Battle Mountain Cop- 
 per Basin (Electro- 
 lytic Plant); Duval 
 Corp. 
 
 Battle Mountain Cop- 
 per Canyon Precipi- 
 tation Plant; Duval 
 Corp. 
 
 McGill Concentrator; 
 Kennecott Minerals 
 Co. 
 
 McGill Smelter; Ken- 
 necott Minerals Co. 
 
 Oro De Mojave; 
 Quadra Mining & 
 Development. 
 
 Sunshine Puritan; 
 Kennecott Minerals 
 Co. 
 
 Victoria; Hecia Min- 
 ing Co. 
 
 Lander . . 
 
 .do. 
 
 White Pine , 
 
 .do. 
 
 Clark. 
 
 White Pine , 
 
 Elko 
 
 Active . 
 
 .do. 
 
 Idle 
 
 Idle, 
 standby. 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 Idle 
 
 ... do . 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 117 
 
 116 
 
 128 
 
 118 
 
 112 
 
 Solvent extrac- 
 tion, electro- 
 winning. 
 
 Leach-precipita- 
 tion. 
 
 Mill, flotation 
 
 Smelter 
 
 Mill, flotation, 
 jigging, CCD- 
 Merrill-Crowe 
 precipitation. 
 
 Leach-precipita- 
 tion. 
 
 Mill, flotation 
 
 5,170 t/a. 
 
 1 ,562-t/a product 
 (at peak). 
 
 19,500 t/d. 
 
 45,000-t/a prod- 
 uct. 
 
 73 t/h 
 
 <200-t/month 
 product. 
 
 907 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 B 
 
 Capacity is annual cathode 
 capacity. Closed indefinitely in 
 December 1984. 
 
 Capacity in terms of year's out- 
 put. Plant treats leach solu- 
 tions from Copper Canyon Mine 
 dumps. 1984 estimated produc- 
 tion is at levels of 50% to 70% of 
 peak production capacity. 
 
 Located adjacent to McGill smelter. 
 
 Product is blister Cu. Processed 
 Kennecott's Robinson district 
 concentrate through 1978. 
 
 Production began in 1984. Also 
 recovers Pb, Ag, and Au. 
 
 Production from unit greatly re- 
 duced when mining at the Ruth 
 open pit copper mine ceased in 
 1978. Very small amount of pro- 
 duction to February 1983. 
 
 Intermittent operation. 
 
 GOLD AND/OR SILVER 
 
 Aden; Hugh C. Ingle . . 
 
 Mineral 
 
 Idle 
 
 89 
 
 Mill, gravity, 
 flotation. 
 
 <15 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Has done custom in the past. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Alligator Ridge; Am- 
 
 White Pine . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 114 
 
 Mill, heap 
 
 2, 700 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers Au with byproduct Ag 
 
 selco Minerals, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 and Hg. 
 
 American Flat; United 
 
 Storey 
 
 . . do . . . 
 
 68 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 
 907 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Operating at capacity in 1984. 
 
 Mining Co. of Ne- 
 
 
 
 
 tion. 
 
 
 
 
 vada, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Anchor Cox Canyon; 
 
 Churchill . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 61 
 
 Vat leach, cy- 
 
 72 t over 3- to 4-d 
 
 A 
 
 No crushing facilities by December 
 
 Anchor Mine, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 anidation. 
 
 period. 
 
 
 1984, though operators reportedly 
 are in search of a crusher. 
 
 Argentum: Combined 
 Metals & Recovery 
 
 Esmeralda . 
 
 do 
 
 92 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 tion (flota- 
 
 360 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Capacity is crushing ability for 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 flotation circuit. On standby 
 
 Systems. 
 
 
 
 
 tion). 
 
 
 
 in 1984. Will buy ore. 
 
 Ashby; Hugh C. Ingle, 
 Jr. 
 
 Mineral 
 
 do 
 
 86 
 
 Mill heap 
 
 <1 t/d ... 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity is estimated. 
 
 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 
 Atlanta; Standard 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 do 
 
 121 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 tion. 
 
 520 t/d ... 
 
 A, B 
 
 Has taken custom in past. 
 
 Slag Co. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Aurora; Centennial 
 
 Mineral .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 85 
 
 Mill, heap 
 leach, cyani- 
 
 900 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Cone crusher capacity 91 t/h; 
 jaw crusher capacity 136 t/h. 
 
 Exploration Corp. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 
 Austin Resources; 
 
 Lander . . . 
 
 Idle 
 
 55 
 
 Mill, flotation . . 
 
 68 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Mill is intact and has processed 
 
 Austin Resources 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ag ore only. 
 
 Corp. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bald Mountain; Placer 
 
 White Pine . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 113 
 
 Mill, heap 
 
 57 Us (900 gal/ 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers primarily Au. Full pro- 
 
 U.S. 
 
 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 dation. 
 
 min). 
 
 
 duction will be reached about 
 January 1985. Capacity is for car- 
 bon reccovery plant. 
 
 Battle Mountain Cop- 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 Active, 
 
 28 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 
 3,200 to 3,600 
 
 A 
 
 Expansion to unknown capacity 
 
 per Canyon; Duval 
 
 
 devel- 
 
 
 tion, gravity. 
 
 t/d. 
 
 
 planned for 1983 completion. 
 
 Corp. 
 
 
 opment. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Crusher rated capacity 726 t/h. 
 
 Bauer; Bauer Metals, 
 
 do 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 57 
 
 Mill, agglomer- 
 ation, heap 
 
 907 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Operation leaches tailings. Pri- 
 marily extracts Ag, byproduct 
 
 Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 
 
 
 Au. Commenced production In 
 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 1983; full production in 1984. 
 
 Bell Mountain; Bell 
 
 Churchill . . . 
 
 Devel- 
 
 75 
 
 Mill, cyanlda- 
 
 650 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity is 1982 preliminary. 
 
 Mountain Mining 
 Co. 
 
 
 opment. 
 
 
 tion (tank). 
 
 
 
 See explanatory notes at end of table. 
 
27 
 
 Table 8. — Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada— Continued 
 
 Name and operator 
 
 County 
 
 Status 
 
 Map 
 No.1 
 
 Method 
 
 Capacity^ 
 
 Type 
 
 Comments 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD AND/OR SILVER- 
 
 -Continued 
 
 
 
 Bennetts; John Ben- 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Idle 
 
 70 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 
 32 t/d .... 
 
 B 
 
 Type questionable. Reportedly 
 inactive since about 1942. Major 
 
 nett (owner). 
 
 
 
 tlon. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 components still present. 
 
 Bootstrap; Carlin 
 
 Elko 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 13 
 
 Heap leach, cy- 
 
 200,000 t/a 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers Au only. Dump leach. 
 
 Gold Mining Co. 
 
 
 
 
 anidation. 
 
 
 
 On-site plant consists of a 
 4-stage carbon column circuit. 
 The gold-loaded carbon is 
 stripped, acid washed, and 
 regenerated at the Carlin mill. 
 
 Borealls; Tenneco 
 
 Mineral 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 84 
 
 Mill, heap 
 
 2,270 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers Hg also. Crushing cir- 
 
 Minerals Co. 
 
 
 
 
 leach, crush, 
 screen. 
 
 
 
 cuit capacity 272 t/h; Hg retort 
 feed 0.9 t/8-h d; smelting furnace 
 feed 0.9 t/8-h d. 
 
 Boss; Falcon Mining 
 
 Esmeralda . 
 
 Active, 
 
 101 
 
 Mill, heap 
 
 180 t/h 
 
 A, B 
 
 Production anticipated to com- 
 mence fall 1984. Crusher moved 
 
 and Exploration Co. 
 
 
 devel- 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 
 
 
 
 
 opment. 
 
 
 datlon. 
 
 
 
 from Tonopah Divide Mine. Will 
 consider buying compatible ore. 
 
 Buckhorn; Cominco 
 
 Eureka .... 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 34 
 
 Mill, heap 
 
 260 t/h crush .... 
 
 A 
 
 Heaps to be built at 2,270 t/d 
 
 American, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 datlon. 
 
 
 
 ore, or 680,000 t/a. 
 
 Buckskin; Pacific 
 
 Douglas . . . 
 
 Devel- 
 
 73 
 
 Mill 
 
 270 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 
 Silver Corp. 
 
 
 opment. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bullion Monarch; 
 
 Lander 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 56 
 
 Mill, flotation . . 
 
 450 to 540 t/d . . . 
 
 A, B 
 
 Recovers Ag. Will buy high-grade 
 
 Monarch Mining. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 compatible to circuit; minimum lot 
 450 t. 1-t/h (24-h/d) smelter near 
 completion. 
 
 Bullion Monarch; Uni- 
 
 Eureka 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 tlon. 
 
 360 t/d ".":".". . 
 
 A 
 
 Normal feed rate about 180 t/d. 
 
 versal Gas of Mon- 
 
 
 
 tana. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Candelaria; NERCO 
 
 Mineral .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 91 
 
 Crush, screen. 
 
 7,300 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Primarily produces Ag. 
 
 Metals. 
 
 
 
 
 heap leach, 
 cyanidatlon. 
 
 
 
 
 Carlin; Carlin Gold 
 
 Eureka 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 16 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 
 2,450 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers Hg also. Capacity is 
 
 Mining Co. 
 
 
 
 
 tlon. 
 
 
 
 combined 2,000 t/d oxide and 
 450 t/d carbonaceous ore 
 capacities. 
 
 Continental; Conti- 
 
 Clark 
 
 Inactive . . 
 
 127 
 
 Heap leach, cy- 
 
 See comments . . . 
 
 A 
 
 Became inactive in 1984. Has two 
 
 nental Co. 
 
 
 
 
 anidatlon. 
 
 
 
 4,500-t leach ponds. Zn 
 precipitation. 
 
 Cortez Leach; Cortez 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 35 
 
 Heap leach, cy- 
 
 57 Us (900 gal/ 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity Is carbon-in-pulp plant. 
 
 Gold Mines. 
 
 
 
 
 anidatlon. 
 
 min). 
 
 
 
 Cortez; Cortez Gold 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 36 
 
 Mill, carbon-in- 
 
 1.800 t/d, >1 80 
 
 A 
 
 Processes ore from Horse Canyon 
 
 Mines. 
 
 
 
 
 leach tanks 
 and carbon 
 columns, 
 cyanidation. 
 
 t/h. 
 
 
 Mine. Capacity is planned feed 
 rate (660,000 t/a). 
 
 Dee; Dee Gold 
 
 Elko 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 
 820 t/d, 286 t/h. 
 
 A 
 
 Operation began in fall 1984. 
 
 Mining Co. 
 
 
 
 
 tion. 
 
 
 
 
 DeLaMare; R. W. De- 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Idle 
 
 72 
 
 do 
 
 45 t/d 
 
 B 
 
 Type questionable. Reportedly 
 inactive since about 1942. Major 
 
 LaMare (owner). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 components still present. 
 
 Dexter; Pecos Re- 
 
 Elko 
 
 Active, 
 
 7 
 
 Heap leach, cy- 
 
 16 Us (250 gal/ 
 
 A 
 
 Test heap leaching began in 1984. 
 
 sources. 
 
 
 devel- 
 opment. 
 
 
 anidation, 
 Merrill-Crowe 
 precious 
 metal plant 
 recovery. 
 
 min). 
 
 
 Capacity is Merrill-Crowe plant 
 purchased from Tuscaroa Asso- 
 ciates. 
 
 Donovan; Mike 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Idle 
 
 71 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 tion. 
 
 45 t/d 
 
 B 
 
 Type questionable. Reportedly 
 inactive since 1879. Major com- 
 
 Donovan (owner). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ponents still present. 
 
 Enfield Bell (Jerritt 
 
 Elko 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 6 
 
 do 
 
 3,040 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Original capacity was 2,750 t/d 
 
 Canyon); Freeport 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 in 1981. 
 
 Gold Co. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Esmeralda; Merrill A. 
 
 do 
 
 Idle 
 
 8 
 
 Mill, crush. 
 
 23 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Last period of mill operation was 
 
 Nelson (owner). 
 
 
 
 
 grind, gravity 
 (table). 
 
 
 
 for a short period in 1981. 
 
 See explanatory notes at end of table. 
 
28 
 
 Table 8.— Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada— Continued 
 
 Name and operator 
 
 County 
 
 Status 
 
 Map 
 No.' 
 
 Method 
 
 Capacity^ 
 
 Type 
 
 Comments 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD AND/OR SILVER— Continued 
 
 
 
 F. M. Wright; F. M. 
 Wright Mining Co. 
 
 Pershing . . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 48 
 
 Mill, flotation. 
 
 45 t/d 
 
 B 
 
 Has run as captive mill. Pres- 
 ently processes precious metals. 
 
 
 
 gravity. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Has processed base metal 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 sulfides and tungsten. 
 
 Fire Creek; Mines Re- 
 
 Lander — 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 31 
 
 Heap leach, cy- 
 
 30,400 t per 6(M 
 
 A 
 
 
 sources, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 anidation, 
 carbon col- 
 umn recovery. 
 
 period batch 
 process. 
 
 
 
 Fortune Cookie; Pro- 
 
 Pershing . . . 
 
 Active. 
 
 41 
 
 Placer, gravity. 
 
 1,500 to 2,300 
 
 A 
 
 Feasibility and expansk>n to 
 
 quip, Inc. 
 
 
 produc- 
 tion, 
 devel- 
 opment. 
 
 
 
 mVshift (2,000 
 to 3,000 ydV 
 shift). See 
 comments. 
 
 
 4,600 to 7,600 m» (6.000 to 
 10.000 yd3) on a 1-shift basis 
 planned for 1985. 
 
 G & S; Robert E. 
 
 Nye 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 93 
 
 Mill, gravity . . . 
 
 18 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Capacity estimated. Past product 
 was tungsten. 
 
 Wilson. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Getchell; Watterson 
 
 Humboldt . . 
 
 Develop- 
 ment, 
 
 9 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 tion. 
 
 91 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 1983 activity was test leaching. 
 
 Mining, Contractor. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 feasi- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 bility. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Global; Global Nat- 
 
 Pershing . . . 
 
 AcUve . . . 
 
 44 
 
 Placer washing 
 
 60 m»/h (80 yd3/h) 
 
 A 
 
 
 ural Resources, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 plant, trom- 
 mel screen 
 and sluice 
 boxes. 
 
 
 
 
 Gold Hill; Fisk and 
 
 Churchill . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 50 
 
 Mill, vat leach. 
 
 1,360t/month.... 
 
 A 
 
 
 Robertson Mining. 
 
 
 
 
 cyanidation, 
 activated car- 
 bon. 
 
 
 
 
 Gold Quarry; Carlin 
 
 Eureka 
 
 Develop- 
 
 19 
 
 Heap leach; 
 
 6,120 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Will recover byproduct Hg. Mill 
 
 Gold Mining Co. 
 
 
 ment. 
 
 
 mill agitated 
 leach, carbon- 
 in-pulp. 
 
 
 
 to come on-stream in late 1985. 
 processing about 2.3 millton t/a 
 ore. 
 
 Goldfield; Trafalgar 
 
 Esmeralda . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 107 
 
 Agglomeration, 
 
 See comments . . . 
 
 A 
 
 Operation reportedly shut down in 
 
 Mines partnership. 
 
 
 
 
 heap leach, 
 cyanidation. 
 
 
 
 1984 with equipment still on-site. 
 Plan was to reprocess 91 million 
 t mill tailings. Reportedly, only 
 27.000 to 36.000 t material 
 placed on heap. 
 
 Goldfield (Southern 
 
 ....do.... 
 
 Develop- 
 
 108 
 
 do 
 
 1.090 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Information in December 1984 in- 
 
 Pacific, Noranda, 
 
 
 ment. 
 
 
 
 
 
 dicated the development plan 
 
 P.G. & U. joint 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 may have been abandoned. 
 
 venture); Blackhawk 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mines Corp. (opera- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tor). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Goldfield Tailings; 
 
 ....do.... 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 106 
 
 do 
 
 23,000 t/a 
 
 A 
 
 
 Blackhawk Mines 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corp. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Goldstrike; Western 
 
 Eureka 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 14 
 
 Cyanide heap 
 
 1.500,000 m3 
 
 A, B 
 
 Does no custom but may consider 
 
 States Minerals 
 
 
 
 
 leach of 
 
 (2,000,000 
 
 
 it if ore is compatible. 
 
 Corp. 
 
 
 
 
 mine-run ore. 
 
 yd^/a) material 
 handled. 
 
 
 Annual tonnage ore and waste 
 estimated 3.6 million t. 
 
 Gooseberry; Asamera 
 Minerals (U.S.), 
 Inc. 
 
 Grey Eagie; Grey 
 Eagle Mining Co. 
 
 Storey 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 67 
 
 Mill, cyanida- 
 tion. 
 
 320 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Principal commodity is Ag. Full 
 
 
 
 
 
 production reached in fall 1984. 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 33 
 
 Mill, crush. 
 
 45 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 
 gravity. 
 
 
 
 
 Haywood-Santiago; 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Develop- 
 
 69 
 
 Mill, heap 
 
 15.8 L/s pregnant 
 
 A, B 
 
 Will consider buying ore after 1 
 
 NEVEX Gold Co., 
 
 
 ment. 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 
 solution. 
 
 
 yr of production. Production 
 
 Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 anticipated to commence in 
 November 1984. Full production 
 anticipated to commence In first 
 quarter 1985. 
 
 Imlay Canyon; Bill 
 
 Pershing . . . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 45 
 
 Placer washing 
 
 15- to 19-m»/h 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers Au. W. and Hg. Placer 
 
 Dale. 
 
 
 
 
 plant; trom- 
 mel screen 
 and sluice 
 boxes. 
 
 (20- to 25-yd9/h) 
 test capacity. 
 
 
 operatton. Capacity will be 
 increased in 1985 from stated 
 test capacity. 
 
 See explanatory notes at end of table. 
 
29 
 
 Table 8. — Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada — Continued 
 
 Name and operator 
 
 County 
 
 Status 
 
 Map 
 No.i 
 
 Method 
 
 Capacity' 
 
 Type 
 
 Comments 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD AND/OR SILVER- 
 
 -Continued 
 
 
 
 Independence; United 
 Mining and Milling. 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 29 
 
 Mill, cyanide 
 vat leach. 
 
 45 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Principal commodity is Ag, by- 
 product Au. Will consider custom. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mill burned and rebuilt in 1983. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Operating less than capacity in 
 1984. 
 Ore comes from their lone Placer 
 
 lone Placer; Marshall 
 
 Nye 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 78 
 
 Mill, screen. 
 
 270 t/h 
 
 A 
 
 Earth Resources, 
 Inc. 
 Jetco; Jetco Enter- 
 
 
 
 
 gravity. 
 
 
 
 and Sky Claims. 
 
 Clark 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 129 
 
 Mill, tank leach 
 
 NA 
 
 A, B 
 
 May take custom. Has 25- by 91- 
 
 prises, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 cm (10- by 36-in) jaw crusher and 
 1.2- by 1.5-m (4- by 5-ft) ball mill. 
 
 Jupiter; Circle A 
 Construction. 
 
 Pershing . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 40 
 
 Mill, char-ln- 
 
 1 .4 t/h 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 pulp, cyani- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 
 Lewis; Standard Slag 
 
 Co. 
 Maggie Creek; Carlin 
 
 Humboldt . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 43 
 
 Mill, heap leach 
 
 3,200 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Production began in August 1984. 
 
 Eureka 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Heap leach, cy- 
 
 2,300 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Milling grade is trucked and 
 
 Gold Mining Co. 
 
 
 
 
 anidation. 
 
 
 
 processed at Carlin mill. 
 
 Major Barlte; Major 
 Barite Co. 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 32 
 
 Mill, gravity . . . 
 
 90 t/h 
 
 A, B 
 
 Formerly called the Bradshaw 
 (processed barite). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Manhattan; Arizona 
 
 Nye 
 
 Active, 
 
 97 
 
 Heap leach, cy- 
 
 NA 
 
 A 
 
 Mine capacity is about 2,720 t/d. 
 
 Hillside Mining Co. 
 
 
 standby. 
 
 
 anidation. 
 
 
 
 No crushing facilities. 
 
 Manhattan; Tenneco 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 98 
 
 Mill, gravity. 
 
 2,700 t/d crush. 
 
 A 
 
 Plant startup in January 1984. 
 
 Minerals Co. 
 
 
 
 
 flotation, cy- 
 anidation. 
 
 1,360 t/d flota- 
 tion. 
 
 
 
 Mockingbird; P.G. 
 Harrison and James 
 
 Clark 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 126 
 
 Mill, gravity . . . 
 
 2 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Has accepted custom but does not 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 at present; intermittently 
 
 Harris. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 active. 
 
 Montgomery Shoshone; 
 
 Nye 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 110 
 
 Mill, screen, 
 
 450 t/d crush 
 
 A, B 
 
 Possesses two 680-t vats; Inter- 
 
 Bullfrog Mining 
 
 
 
 
 crush, vat 
 
 
 
 mittently active. 
 
 Enterprises. 
 
 
 
 
 leach. 
 
 
 
 
 Nevada Pacific; Neva- 
 
 Washoe . . . 
 
 Develop- 
 
 66 
 
 Gravity, jigs, 
 
 1,500 m3/d (2,000 
 
 A 
 
 Construction in progress in 
 
 da Pacific Mining 
 
 
 ment. 
 
 
 tables. 
 
 yd3/d). 
 
 
 December 1984 on mine and mill 
 
 Co. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 to process a 1 .5 million m^ (6 
 million yd3) eluvial gold deposit. 
 
 Nevada Packard; Neva- 
 
 Pershing . . . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 46 
 
 Heap leach, cy- 
 
 200 gal/min 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers primarily Ag. 140-t/h 
 
 da Packard (joint 
 
 
 
 
 anidation, Zn 
 
 
 
 capacity crusher. Sold In 1984. 
 
 venture). 
 
 
 
 
 dust precipi- 
 tation. 
 
 
 
 Production ceased In July 1984. 
 Possesses 3 Shriver clarifier 
 presses and 2 precipitation 
 presses. 
 
 New Boston; New Bos- 
 
 Mineral .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 87 
 
 Mill, screen. 
 
 150 t/h 
 
 A, B 
 
 Cyanidation. 
 
 ton Mining Co. 
 
 
 
 
 heap leach. 
 
 
 
 
 New Pass; Donald 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 Idle 
 
 53 
 
 Mill, heap 
 leach, cyani- 
 
 36 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity is approximate. 
 
 Jung. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 
 Northumberland; 
 
 Nye 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 94 
 
 do 
 
 4,500 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 
 Cyprus Mines Corp. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oreana; Coronado Oil 
 
 Pershing . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 47 
 
 Mill, flotation. 
 
 90 t/d (has never 
 
 A, B 
 
 Has processed Au, Sb, W. Minor 
 
 & Minerals Co. 
 
 
 
 
 gravity. 
 
 operated over 
 45 t/d). 
 
 
 production early 1983; none in 
 1984. Production anticipated 
 commencing again In first quarter 
 1985. 
 
 Paradise Peak; FMC 
 
 Nye 
 
 Active, 
 
 81 
 
 Mill, cyani- 
 
 907,000 t/a 
 
 A 
 
 Proposed capacity is estimated. 
 
 Corp. 
 
 
 devel- 
 opment. 
 
 
 dation, agita- 
 tion, leach- 
 ing. 
 
 
 
 Hg will be produced as by- 
 product. Production planned to 
 commence in 1986. 
 
 Paymaster; Jesse R. 
 Wilson. 
 
 do 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 77 
 
 Mill, tank cya- 
 nide leach, 
 
 90 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity is tank capacity. Ag 
 recovery very minor. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 carbon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 recovery. 
 
 
 
 
 PInson; PInson Mining 
 
 Humboldt . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 10 
 
 Mill, carbon-in- 
 
 1,360 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers byproduct Hg. In 1984, 
 
 Co. 
 
 
 
 
 pulp, cyani- 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 about 25% of ore mined was 
 heap leached. 
 
 See explanatory notes at end of table. 
 
30 
 
 Table 8.— Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada— Continued 
 
 Name and operator 
 
 County 
 
 Status 
 
 Map 
 No.1 
 
 Method 
 
 Capacity^ 
 
 Type 
 
 Comments 
 
 
 
 
 GOLD AND/OR SILVER- 
 
 -Continued 
 
 
 
 Ploche; Holllngshead 
 Mining Contracting. 
 
 Lincoln .... 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 123 
 
 Mill, flotation. 
 
 23 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Some custom work has been done. 
 
 
 
 
 gravity. 
 
 
 
 
 Potosi; S & R Mining 
 
 Mineral .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 90 
 
 Crush, screen. 
 
 230 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Portable crusher. 
 
 & Milling. 
 
 
 
 
 heap leach, 
 cyanidation. 
 
 
 
 
 Precious Metals (Bra- 
 zos, Imperial-Klon- 
 
 Lander .... 
 
 Inactive . . 
 
 58 
 
 Mill, flotation . . 
 
 180 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Anticipated restart of production 
 in early 1984. Reportedly 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 dike); Precious Met- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 bought in late 1984 by Spirit 
 
 als, Inc. of Texas. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oil Co., Billings, MT. 
 
 Red Rock; Tseng Min- 
 
 Mineral .... 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 88 
 
 Mill, pond 
 
 90t/hr 
 
 B 
 
 Leases Ladd Enterprise mill. Has 
 
 ing Co. 
 
 
 
 
 leach, 
 screen. 
 
 
 
 unused flotation capability. 
 Ladd has about 180-t/h crushing 
 capacity. 
 
 Relief Canyon; Lacana 
 
 Pershing . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 49 
 
 Mill, heap 
 
 4,500 t/d. 
 
 A 
 
 300-t/h design crushing capacity. 
 
 Mining, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 dation. 
 
 907,000 t/a. 
 
 
 Average annual product to be 
 680 kg (22,000 tr oz) Au. 
 
 Research Silver (Sil- 
 ver Horn); Silver 
 
 Lincoln .... 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 122 
 
 Mill, flotation. 
 
 320 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 
 
 
 
 cyanidation. 
 
 
 
 
 Horn Research Mill 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Corp. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Round Mountain; 
 
 Nye 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 96 
 
 Mill, heap 
 
 9,000 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Construction of a 36,000-t/d- 
 
 Smoky Valley Mining 
 
 
 
 
 leach, cyani- 
 
 
 
 capacity mill is being considered 
 
 Co. 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 in 1 984 for possible operation in 
 1987. 
 Production planned by December 
 
 Santa Fe; Lacana Min- 
 
 Mineral .... 
 
 Develop- 
 
 82 
 
 do 
 
 See comments . . . 
 
 A 
 
 ing Corp. 
 
 
 ment. 
 
 
 
 
 
 1985 at minimum ore throughput 
 of 590,000 t/a. 
 
 Silver Center-Wonder; 
 
 Churchill . . . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 60 
 
 do 
 
 5,400 t/wk, 136 
 
 A 
 
 Processes Wonder Mine tailings 
 
 Belmont Resources. 
 
 
 
 
 
 t/h. 
 
 
 and Silver Center Mine new ore. 
 Capacity is March 1 984 process 
 rate. 
 Has bought compatible ore. 
 
 Sixteen-to-One; Sun- 
 
 Esmeralda . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 105 
 
 Mill, tank leach 
 
 635 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 shine Mining Co. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Crushing capacity about 130 t/h. 
 Principal commodity is Ag. 
 
 Spicer Mining Co., 
 
 Nye 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 109 
 
 Mill, agglomera- 
 
 70- to 90-t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Active in 1984. Also performs 
 
 Inc.; Nevada Mines 
 
 
 
 
 tion, heap 
 
 pilot crushing. 
 
 
 custom assay. Processes captive 
 
 & Minerals, Spicer 
 
 
 
 
 leach. 
 
 
 
 ore from Mayflower Mine. Ag- 
 
 Mining Co., Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 glomeration capacity 230 t/d; test 
 mill 23 t/d; carbon stripping 340 
 kg/batch. 
 
 Sterling; Saga Ex- 
 ploration Co. 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 111 
 
 Mill, heap 
 leach, cyani- 
 
 82 t/h .:.. 
 
 A 
 
 Projected daily crushing rate is 
 270 t. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 
 Taylor; Silver King 
 
 White Pine . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 120 
 
 Mill, cyani- 
 
 1,800 t/d, 91 t/h.. 
 
 A, B 
 
 Recovers primarily Ag. Has ac- 
 
 Mines, Inc. 
 
 
 
 
 dation. 
 
 
 
 cepted custom. Normal operating 
 rate is 1,090 t/d. 
 
 Tonopah Divide; Ebco 
 
 Esmeralda . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 103 
 
 Mill, crush. 
 
 910 t/d, 180 t/h .. 
 
 A 
 
 Production expected to cease fall 
 
 Enterprises. 
 
 
 
 
 screen, heap. 
 
 
 
 1984. Crusher will be moved to 
 company's Boss Mine. 
 
 Tonopah West (Mil- 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 100 
 
 Mill, tank leach 
 
 1,090 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Recovers principally Ag with minor 
 
 ler's); TW-MNR 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Au. Reprocesses old tailings In 
 
 Assoc. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tonopah district. Operations were 
 suspended in July 1984 for an in- 
 definite period. 
 
 Veta Grande; 20th 
 
 Douglas . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 74 
 
 Mill, gravity. 
 
 180 t/d, 36 t/h ... 
 
 A, B 
 
 Intermittent operation. 
 
 Century Energy 
 
 
 
 
 flotation. 
 
 
 
 
 Corp. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Victorine (Sumich); 
 New Beginnings 
 
 Lander 
 
 Active, 
 
 59 
 
 Mill, jig, flo- 
 tation, cya- 
 
 320 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Capacity is current crusher ca- 
 
 
 devel- 
 
 
 
 
 pacity; design capacity is 450 
 
 Resources. 
 
 
 opment. 
 
 
 nide regrind, 
 electrowin- 
 ning (Ag), 
 smelting. 
 
 
 
 t/d. Production to begin in 
 mid-December 1984. Company 
 will consider custom. 
 
 Windfall; Windfall 
 
 Eureka 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 115 
 
 Cyanidation, 
 
 1,100 Vd 
 
 A 
 
 Inactive most of 1983. 
 
 Venture. 
 
 
 
 
 heap leach. 
 
 
 
 
 See explanatory notes at end of table. 
 
31 
 
 Table 8.— Selected beneficiation facilities in Nevada— Continued 
 
 Name and operator 
 
 County 
 
 Status 
 
 Map 
 No.i 
 
 Method 
 
 Capacity^ 
 
 Type 
 
 Comments 
 
 IRON 
 
 Nevada Barth; Nevada 
 Barth Corp. 
 
 Eureka .... 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 21 
 
 Mill, crush, 
 screen. 
 
 200 to 300 t/h . . . 
 
 A 
 
 Feed is from stockpiles. Normal 
 operating rate is 455 t/d. 
 
 LEAD— ZINC 
 
 Caselton; Combined 
 Metals Reduction Co. 
 
 Ward; Silver Kings 
 Mines, Inc. 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 Idle 
 
 Develop- 
 ment, 
 design. 
 
 124 
 119 
 
 Flotation 
 
 Mill, flotation . . 
 
 1,270 t/d 
 
 1,100 t/d 
 
 A, B 
 
 Idle since about 1978. Plans In 
 
 1984 are to reopen by 1986. Will 
 be looking for ore to purchase. 
 
 Construction planned to begin In 
 
 1985 with completion In late 
 1986. Will recover Ag and Cu 
 also. Design will allow for in- 
 crease in capacity to 1 ,800 to 
 2,700 t/d. 
 
 LITHIUM 
 
 Silver Peak; Foote 
 Mineral. 
 
 Esmeralda . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 104 
 
 Solar evapora- 
 tion, chem- 
 ical, refinery. 
 
 7,260 t/a 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity in terms of production. 
 Product is lithium carbonate 
 (LizCOa). 
 
 MAGNESIUM (MAGNESITE— MgO) 
 
 Luning; C-E Basic .... 
 Nevada Works; C-E 
 Basic. 
 
 Nye 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 Active . . . 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 79 
 80 
 
 Mill, screen . . . 
 Mill, calcine, 
 flotation. 
 
 NA 
 
 2,000 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Capacity is estimated. 
 
 MERCURY 
 
 McDermitt; McDermItt 
 Mine Joint Venture. 
 
 Humboldt . . 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Mill, flotation, 
 distillation. 
 
 2,200 t/d flota- 
 tion; 0.45-t/h 
 furnace. 
 
 A 
 
 Product Is elemental Hg. 
 
 
 
 
 
 MOLYBDENUN 
 
 il 
 
 
 
 Nevada Moly; Anacon- 
 da Minerals Co. 
 
 Nye 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 99 
 
 Mill, flotation, 
 tank leach. 
 
 20,000 t/d 
 
 A 
 
 Also recovers Cu. Product Is 
 
 M0S2. 
 
 TUNGSTEN 
 
 Emerson; Union Car- 
 
 Lincoln .... 
 Churchill . . . 
 
 .... do ... . 
 
 .... do ... . 
 Mineral 
 
 Elko 
 
 Pershing . . . 
 Churchill . . . 
 
 Elko 
 
 Idle 
 
 Active . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 Idle 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 Active . . . 
 
 Idle 
 
 125 
 65 
 
 64 
 
 62 
 76 
 
 2 
 
 42 
 52 
 
 5 
 
 Mill, flotation . . 
 Mill, gravity . . . 
 
 Mill, gravity, 
 amalgama- 
 tion. 
 
 Chemical 
 
 Gravity 
 
 Mill, gravity, 
 flotation. 
 
 Flotation 
 
 Mill, table, 
 flotation. 
 
 Gravity, flota- 
 tion. 
 
 907 t/d 
 
 A 
 A 
 
 A, B 
 
 B 
 A 
 
 A 
 
 A 
 A 
 
 A 
 
 Mill Intact and on standby. 
 
 bide Corp. 
 Fisk; Gee Mines 
 
 0.9 t/h 
 
 Mill leased to Gee Mines, which ran 
 
 John Young (Wheeler); 
 John Young (owner). 
 
 Kennametal; Kenna- 
 
 metal, Inc. 
 Nevada Scheellte; 
 
 Natural Resources 
 
 Development, Inc. 
 Oxbow Tungsten; 
 
 P.A.B. Oil Mining 
 
 Co. 
 
 Springer; Utah Inter- 
 national, Inc. 
 
 Tungsten Mountain; 
 Opportunity Village 
 (owner). 
 
 Wells; Nevada Milling 
 Inc. 
 
 0.45 t/h 
 
 Ag ore through it in 1984. 
 Originally built to process 
 tungsten ore. 
 Also recovers Au. Idle in 1984. 
 
 Proprietary data . . 
 113 t/d, 36 t/h ... 
 
 181 t/d 
 
 Has accepted custom and will 
 consider custom In the future. 
 
 A secondary processing plant, 
 refinery. 
 
 36-t/h jaw crusher capacity. In 
 1984, mill being dismantled and 
 equipment sold. 
 
 Last known operating year was 
 1978. Mill reportedly not in- 
 tact. Possesses flotation cells and 
 tables. Crushing equipment 
 removed. 
 
 Normal crushing rate is about 
 900 t/d. Final product is am- 
 monium paratungstate. 
 
 Mill originally set up for tungsten 
 
 1 ,800 t/d 
 
 1.8 t/h 
 
 91 t/h 
 
 recovery. Contains 5 tables 
 and 2 flotation cells. In 1984, Pt, 
 with minor Au and Ag, recovery 
 was attempted. 
 Rehabilitated in December 1983; 
 
 
 operating in 1984. 
 
 A Captive. 
 
 B Custom or accepts custom. 
 
 NA Not available. 
 
 1 Refer to figure 10. 
 
 ^Approximate feed unless otherwise noted In comments. 
 
 NOTE.— An entry of "mill" in method indicates crushing ability. 
 
32 
 
 REVIEW OF SELECTED MINERAL COMMODITIES IN NEVADA 
 
 ALUMINUM 
 
 Aluminum, the third most abundant element in the 
 Earth's crust, is second only to iron in terms of value of non- 
 fuel mineral products in world commerce. The United 
 States, the world's largest producer of alimiinum metal, has 
 accounted for about 30% of the world smelter output over 
 the past 5 yr. At the present time, the only commercially 
 viable smelter feed for the production of aluminum metal 
 is alumina (AI2O3) obained from bauxite ores. The United 
 States imports over 90% of the aluminum raw material 
 (both bauxite and alumina) it uses; however, it is technically 
 
 feasible to produce aluminum from domestic nonbauxite 
 materials such as high-alumina clays, alunite, anorthosite, 
 dawsonite in spent oil shale, and coal waste. Several 
 deposits of nonbauxitic aluminous materials occur in 
 Nevada— several hundred million metric tons of alunitiz- 
 ed rock «30% alunite) has been identified in the southern 
 part of the State and significant deposits of kyanite-related 
 minerals occur in Douglas, Mineral, and Pershing Coun- 
 ties (239). Future development of these resources depends 
 on their ability to economically compete with foreign baux- 
 ite deposits and other domestic nonbavixitic sources of 
 supply. 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Aluminum in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 68 
 
 Producers' 
 
 Known principal deposits 4 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 1 
 
 '■Producers of materials for aluminum only. 
 
 Reported Bauxite Production— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States' 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 1979 
 1980 
 1981 
 1982 
 1983 
 
 1,669 
 1,821 
 1,559 
 1,510 
 732 
 679 
 
 $23,185 
 24,875 
 22,353 
 26,489 
 12,334 
 11,309 
 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 NRP 
 
 NRP No reported production. 
 
 'From 1978 to 1982, between 74% and 82% of domestically mined bauxite 
 was used in tfie production of alumina. In 1983, no domestically mined baux- 
 ite was used in the production of aluminum metal. 
 
 Principal Known Aluminum Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 2103 1 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Boyd 
 
 C-M Alunites 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 do 
 
 Esmeralda . . . 
 
 do 
 
 Mineral 
 
 Past producer3 
 
 Prospect 
 
 Explored 
 
 do 
 
 Past producer 
 
 Alunite 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Andalusite, corundum .... 
 
 Small . . . 
 
 Medium . 
 
 . . . do . . . 
 . . . do . . . 
 . . . do . . . 
 
 43 
 289 
 
 («) 
 
 100 
 60,000 
 13,608- 
 27,216 
 
 "29.3 
 
 '•21.5 
 
 («) 
 
 "22 
 "20 
 '27 
 
 1978 
 
 NAp 
 
 1978 
 1978 
 1967 
 
 239 
 NAp 
 239 
 
 Goldfleld district: 
 CTR leases 
 
 MTZ lease 
 
 239 
 
 Hawthorne 
 
 277 
 
 NAp not applicable. 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained AI2O3: Large, >100 million; medium, 1 million to 100 million; small, <1 million. 
 
 ^Rounded. 
 
 3Lens of alunite mined for fertilizer. 
 
 "Wt % alunite. 
 
 ^Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 «No published data have been located. 
 
 TWt % AI2O3. 
 
33 
 
 1 
 
 ! 
 J. 
 
 
 f 
 i 
 
 
 
 r- L 
 
 i 
 
 {RENO 
 
 ! S 
 
 \ 
 
 k: 
 
 \ 
 
 ( 
 
 f 
 
 / 
 
 .L 
 
 ^Hawthofne\ 
 
 X 
 
 
 N 
 
 **(joldfield 
 .^ jdlstrlct 
 
 ^Elko 
 
 J 
 
 ! 
 
 
 ^Boyd 
 
 A! 
 
 C-M Alunitei 
 
 SO 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 » Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 \i 
 
 O 
 
 LAS VECa^S 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 r 
 
 • > 
 
 \ 
 
 Figure 12.— Aluminum in Nevada. 
 
34 
 
 ANTIMONY 
 
 Antimony, a brittle, silver-white metal, is consumed in 
 minor amounts when compared with other base metals. Ap- 
 parent U.S. annual antimony consumption averaged 
 slightly more than 32,000 t from 1978 through 1983. In 
 1983, about 50% of consumption need was satisfied by 
 recycling of old scrap, principally plates from lead-acid bat- 
 teries. The remainder was supplied by domestic mines and 
 imports of antimony metal, compounds, and ores. From 1978 
 to 1982 reported U.S. mine production averaged about 
 580 t, or less than 2% of domestic consumption. 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Antimony in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 239 
 
 Producers' 44 
 
 Known principal deposits 13 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 9 
 
 1 Includes past producers. 
 
 Antimony has been sporadically recovered from Nevada 
 mines since the 1860's. The principal periods of production 
 were during World War I and World War 11, when increased 
 demand and reduced imports caused antimony prices to in- 
 crease. The last recorded production of antimony in Nevada 
 was in 1974. 
 
 Reported Antimony Production^— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 10M 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 103t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 
 724 
 
 W 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1979 
 
 655 
 
 W 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1980 
 
 311 
 
 W 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1981 
 
 586 
 
 W 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1982 
 
 456 
 
 W 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1983 
 
 760 
 
 W 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP No reported production. 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 
 'Antimony content of domestic ores and concentrates. 
 
 Principal Known Antimony Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 103 1 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Antimony King^ . . . 
 Bloody Canyon^ . . . 
 
 Bray-Beulah2 
 
 Drumm 
 
 Dry Canyon^ 
 
 Fencemaker^ 
 
 Hard Luck-Pradier2 
 
 Hollyvi/ood2 
 
 Hoyt 
 
 IHX 
 
 New Potosi 
 
 Sutherland2 
 
 White Caps2 . .• 
 
 Lander . . 
 Pershing 
 Lander . . 
 Churchill 
 Lander . . 
 Pershing 
 Lander . . 
 Pershing 
 Churchill 
 
 do 
 
 Mineral . 
 Pershing 
 Nye .... 
 
 Past producer 
 ..,,... do . . 
 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb, Ag 
 
 Sb, Ag 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb. Ag 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb, Ag 
 
 Sb, Ag 
 
 Sb, Ag 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au, Ag, Pb, Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au, Sb, As, Hg 
 
 Small 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Unknown . 
 
 Small 
 
 Medium . . 
 
 Small 
 
 do 
 
 Unknown . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Small 
 
 do 
 
 
 P) 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained Sb: Large, >50,000; medium, 5,000 to 50,000; small, <5,000. 
 
 ^Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 3No published data have been located. 
 
35 
 
 \ 
 
 Bloody 
 ' "anyon 
 
 
 SufherlandA ^ 
 
 lA ^ 
 
 » Hollywood AFencerriaker 
 
 Ireno 
 
 I O 
 
 r^1 
 
 IHX? 
 
 
 Drumml 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 / .y 
 
 a; 
 
 
 ^bry Canyon/Antimony King 
 ^ray-Beuiat^g^^ LuckiPradier 
 
 
 / 
 
 AWhite 
 Caps 
 
 New PqtosiA / 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 • Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 Douglas 
 Careon CKy ^ 
 ' — Storey \E8meralda 
 
 
 
 o .^-*.» 
 
 LAS VEGAS 
 
 Figure 13.— Antimony in Nevada. 
 
36 
 
 BARITE 
 
 Barite (barium sulfate) is primarily used as a weighting 
 agent in oil well drilling (over 90% of 1982 production), paint 
 manufacturing, glassmaking, rubber, and as a source of 
 barivun chemicals. In 1981, domestic production of barite 
 reached record levels of 2.5 million t; in 1982, production 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Barite in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 235 
 
 Producers' 125 
 
 Known principal deposits 23 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 17 
 
 '■Includes past producers. 
 
 decreased to 1.67 million t; and by 1983, domestic output 
 declined to only 26% of the 1981 level. Of the seven States 
 reporting production in 1982, Nevada accounted for 85% 
 of the total. 
 
 Reported Barite Production— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 
 1,969 
 
 $45,130 
 
 1,622 
 
 $30,034 
 
 1979 
 
 1,916 
 
 53,581 
 
 1,637 
 
 35,707 
 
 1980 
 
 2,037 
 
 65,957 
 
 1,740 
 
 47,800 
 
 1981 
 
 2,585 
 
 102,439 
 
 2,252 
 
 79,716 
 
 1982 
 
 1,674 
 
 69,522 
 
 1,429 
 
 52,727 
 
 1983 
 
 684 
 
 29,203 
 
 601 
 
 21,736 
 
 Principal Known Barite Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 2103 1 
 
 spgr 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Ann3 
 
 Argenta3 
 
 Bald Mountain 
 
 Big Ledge' 
 
 East Northumberland' 
 
 Easy Miner' 
 
 Fish Creel<3 
 
 Greystone' 
 
 Heavy Spar3 
 
 Jungle' 
 
 Kay3 
 
 Lakes' 
 
 Miller 
 
 Mountain Springs' . . . 
 
 P & S' 
 
 Pleasant View 
 
 Q-Bar 
 
 Queen Lode' 
 
 Reeds Canyon .■ 
 
 Rossi' 
 
 Slaven Canyon 
 
 Snoose' 
 
 Stormy Creek' 
 
 Nye 
 
 Lander . . 
 
 do . 
 
 Elko . . . . 
 
 Nye 
 
 Elko . . . . 
 
 do . 
 
 Lander . . 
 Elko . . . . 
 
 do . 
 
 Nye 
 
 Elko . . . . 
 Lander . . 
 
 do . 
 
 Nye 
 
 Lander . . 
 Elko . . . . 
 
 do . 
 
 Lander . . 
 Elko . . . . 
 Lander . . 
 Elko . . . . 
 do . 
 
 Explored 
 
 Producer 
 
 Past producer . 
 
 Explored 
 
 Producer 
 
 Past producer . 
 
 Explored 
 
 Producer 
 
 Past producer . 
 
 do . . 
 
 Explored 
 
 Past producer. 
 
 do . . 
 
 Producer 
 
 do . . 
 
 Past producer. 
 
 Explored 
 
 Past producer. 
 
 Explored 
 
 Past producer. 
 
 Producer 
 
 Past producer. 
 do . . 
 
 BaSOa 
 BaSO^ 
 BaSO* 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaSOi 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 BaS04 
 
 Medium 
 . . . do . . 
 Unknown 
 Medium 
 . . . do . . 
 . . . do . . 
 Large . . 
 Medium 
 . . . do . . 
 . . . do . . 
 . . . do . . 
 Large . . 
 Unknown 
 Large . . 
 Medium 
 Unknown 
 . . . do . . 
 Medium 
 Unknown 
 Large . . 
 Unknown 
 Medium 
 . . . do . . 
 
 (*) 
 C) 
 {') 
 
 n 
 (*) 
 
 C) 
 
 {") 
 (') 
 {*) 
 {') 
 {*) 
 
 7,300 
 {') 
 {') 
 (') 
 {*) 
 (') 
 (*) 
 (*) 
 {*) 
 C) 
 
 {*) 
 {'■) 
 
 {') 
 
 C) 
 
 (') 
 
 C) 
 C) 
 
 (*) 
 
 C) 
 
 (*) 
 (*) 
 
 C) 
 C) 
 C) 
 
 {*) 
 {*) 
 (*} 
 (*) 
 (*) 
 (*) 
 {*) 
 
 C) 
 
 {*) 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 1982 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 304 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained barite: Large, >5 million; medium 50,000 to 5 million; small, <50,000. 
 
 2Rounded. 
 
 'Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 *No published data have been located. 
 
37 
 
 
 RENO 
 
 o ^ 
 
 -^M 
 
 K 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 < 
 
 \ ^ 
 
 % stormy 
 Creek 
 
 lungle 
 
 15ueen i 
 
 ! 
 
 
 ,: Ao-Bar 
 R08»l / 
 
 A #Lakes 
 
 fde™ "^Fish Creek 
 ^ Heavy Spar 
 
 ♦CI °Elko 
 
 Ledge' 
 Snoose 
 
 Miner 
 
 A^igental !» 
 
 1. /'l "'":g4p.easln.V. 
 Steven Canyon^ j view \ 
 
 "/Spring? A ' GJeystone \ 
 
 ABbld 
 M(^ntain 
 
 i....- 
 
 AReeds 
 Canyon 
 
 P& S 
 
 Ann 
 
 KaV 
 East Northumbertand 
 
 > 
 
 V 
 
 \ 
 
 
 \ 
 
 J 
 
 ..!..__ j. 
 
 Y 
 
 so 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 
 ' Occurrence 
 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 O' 
 
 LAS VEGAS 
 
 GAS r^ \-J 
 
 > 
 
 \ 
 
 Figure 14.— Barite in Nevada. 
 
38 
 
 BERYLLIUM 
 
 Beryllium, a lightweight, hard metal with a high 
 strength-to-weight ratio, has high electrical, thermal shock, 
 and corrosion resistance as well as high thermal conduc- 
 tivity. Although high costs have limited the amount of 
 beryllium consumed (annual domestic consumption from 
 1978 through 1982 averaged 234 t), it is used where its 
 unique combination of physical characteristics are required. 
 Its uses are varied and range from components in electronic 
 switchgear, to brake shoes, to heat shields in aerospace 
 equipment, to neutron moderators or reflectors in nuclear 
 
 reactors. About 80% of the U.S. consumption of beryllium 
 is in the form of copper alloys; the remainder is evenly di- 
 vided between beryllium oxide and beryllium metal. Prior 
 to the development of the Spor Mountain bertrandite 
 deposits in Utah in the late 1960's, the United States was 
 almost wholly dependent on imported beryl to meet 
 domestic demand. Since that time the United States has 
 become a major producer capable of supplying much of its 
 beryllium requirements. Nevada has several beryllium oc- 
 currences; however, only small amounts have been mined 
 in the past. 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Beryllium in Nevada 
 
 Reported Beryllium Production— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 {728-729) 
 
 Total properties 22 
 
 Producers^ 5 
 
 Known principal deposits 1 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 1 
 
 includes past producers. 
 
 Domestic production of beryllium is withheld from publication to avoid 
 disclosing company proprietary data. No beryllium production was reported 
 in Nevada from 1978 through 1983. 
 
 Principal Known Beryllium Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 10M 
 
 wt% 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Mount Wheeler^ 
 
 White Pine . . 
 
 Developed 
 
 Be, CaFj, W 
 
 Large . . . 
 
 (=•) 
 
 (^) 
 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 ^Based on estimate of metric tons of contained BeO: Large, >1,000; medium, 10 to 1,000; small, <10. 
 
 ^Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 ^No published data have been located. 
 
39 
 
 ~L. 
 
 s 
 
 RENO ^—^'I I 
 
 / .^ \ 
 
 ...i. 
 
 \ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^^N^ 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 > Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 ■~~\. 
 
 I 
 
 ■\ 
 
 /•■' 
 
 \ 
 
 
 J 
 
 \, 
 
 Mount Wheeler 
 
 'V 
 
 _..J 
 
 X LAS VEGAS t \_y 
 
 Figure 15.— Beryllium in Nevada. 
 
40 
 
 COPPER 
 
 Copper, primarily used by ancient civilizations for 
 jewelry, coinage, and weaponry, is used by modern society 
 in thousands of applications because it possesses a versatili- 
 ty siupassed by few metals. More than 50% of the copper 
 produced domestically is used in the electrical and com- 
 munications industries, while another 40% is used in brass 
 mills. 
 
 A lengthy labor strike in 1980 effectively immobilized 
 10 major domestic producers, which resulted in a substan- 
 tial production decrease when compared with 1979 levels. 
 In 1981, 15 mines in Nevada were producing copper ore, 
 the bulk of which was from Duval's Copper Basin Mine; 
 only 3 mines reported copper production in 1982. Although 
 the United States continues to be a major copper produc- 
 ing nation, in 1982, for the first year since 1934 and for on- 
 ly the second year since 1883, the United States did not lead 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Copper in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 1,116 
 
 Producers' 637 
 
 Known principal deposits 8 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 8 
 
 includes past producers. 
 
 the world in newly mined copper. In 1982, the United States 
 ranked second behind Chile and ahead of the U.S.S.R., 
 Canada, Zambia, and 58 other countries. 
 
 A copper deposit was announced by Plexus Resources 
 Corp., Salt Lake City, UT, in its 1984 annual report. The 
 deposit, called the Lyon, is part of the Pvmipkin Hollow iron- 
 copper skarn complex in east-central Lyon County. The 
 deep-seated Lyon deposit is reported to contain high-grade 
 geologic reserves of 7.5 million tons of 3.1% Cu, 8.6 g/t Ag, 
 and 0.51 g/t Au. Additionally, there is 26 million tons of 
 1.1% Cu peripheral to the high-grade zone. Unfortunately, 
 the announcement of this significant copper deposit came 
 too late for inclusion in this section's copper table and loca- 
 tion map (fig. 16). 
 
 Reported Copper Production^— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States' 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 2103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 1979 
 1980 
 1981 
 1982 
 1983 
 
 1,358 
 1.444 
 1.181 
 1.538 
 1,140 
 1,038 
 
 $1,990 
 2.961 
 2.667 
 2.886 
 1,840 
 1,750 
 
 20 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 
 $30 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 
 'Contained copper. 
 
 ^Rounded. 
 
 Principai Known Copper Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 wt o/o 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Ann Mason3 
 
 Battle Mountain Copper 
 Basin.3 
 
 Bear3 
 
 McArthur3 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Lander 
 
 Lyon 
 
 do 
 
 Explored 
 
 Standby 
 
 Explored 
 
 do 
 
 Explored 
 
 Past producer 
 
 Standby 
 
 Past producer 
 
 Cu, Mo 
 
 Cu, Ag, Au 
 
 Cu, Mo, Au, Ag 
 
 Cu 
 
 Large . . . 
 Medium . 
 
 Large . . . 
 do . . 
 
 449,056 
 860 
 
 453,592 
 
 11,793 
 
 36,287- 
 
 72,575 
 
 82,554 
 
 1,353 
 
 135 
 
 115,122 
 
 0.4 
 
 1.49 
 ■».925 
 =13.32 
 .4 
 .43 
 .3- 
 .4 
 .67 
 62.34 
 '2.51 
 .34 
 
 1976 
 
 1978 
 1978 
 1978 
 1979 
 1976 
 1979 
 
 1976 
 1977 
 1977 
 1982 
 
 829 
 
 707 
 707 
 707 
 829 
 822 
 
 McGill Tailings3 
 
 Robinson district3 
 
 Victorias 
 
 Yerington3 
 
 White Pine . . . 
 
 do 
 
 Elko 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Cu, Ag, Au 
 
 Cu, Mo, Au, Ag 
 
 Cu, Ag, Bi 
 
 Cu, Mo, Ag, Au 
 
 Medium . 
 
 Large . . . 
 Medium . 
 
 Large . . . 
 
 413 
 
 792 
 337 
 337 
 49 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained Cu: Large, >1 million; medium, 50,000 to 1 million; small, <50,000. 
 
 ^Rounded. 
 
 sDeposit abstract in directory. 
 
 *gytAg. 
 
 5g/t Au. 
 
 'Proven. 
 
 'Probable. 
 
41 
 
 ti \ 
 
 I- 
 
 
 *« i 
 
 1 
 
 /^^^Battle Mountain Copper Basin 
 
 JBENq 
 
 s / 
 
 J'"^^ 
 
 — ^ ^~^ 
 
 f 
 
 \ 
 "I 
 /Ic Arthur S 
 
 %♦ 
 
 j^j 
 
 Ann Masopi/ 
 
 VBear 
 
 
 
 /. ^ 
 
 so 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 • Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 S K 
 
 ■■ -I 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 ! 
 
 
 » * 
 
 1 
 
 
 ,> 
 
 ! 
 
 
 «# 
 
 ! 
 
 - 
 
 
 Avicforia 
 
 
 « 
 
 «?3 
 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 ! 
 1 
 
 
 * 
 
 «# 
 
 
 McGill Tailings ' \ 
 
 Robinson district 
 
 X 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 » ^ 
 
 O . 
 
 LAS VEG)\S 
 
 r 
 
 Figure 16.— Copper in Nevada. 
 
42 
 
 FLUORSPAR 
 
 Fluorspar is a nonmetallic aggregate containing a suf- 
 ficient quantity of fluorite (CaFj) to be of commercial value. 
 Two producers in southern Illinois accounted for over 90% 
 of the domestic fluorspar production in 1983; the remainder 
 was from Nevada and Texas. The manufacture of 
 hydrofluoric acid, used in the aluminum, fluorchemical, and 
 uranium industries, accounted for approximately 64% of the 
 fluorspar consumed domestically in 1983. Another 34% was 
 used as a flux in steelmaking. Enamels, glass manufacture. 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Fluorspar in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 1 52 
 
 Producers^ 47 
 
 Known principal deposits 9 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 6 
 
 1 1ncludes past producers. 
 
 coatings for welding rods, and other end uses accounted for 
 the remainder of 1983 consumption. In 1981, 1982, and 
 1983, the Crowell Mine (Daisy) in Nye County was the sole 
 producer of fluorspar in Nevada. The metallurgical grade 
 fluorspar produced at the Crowell Mine was shipped to steel 
 plants in California. 
 
 Reported Fluorspar Production^— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 {728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States' 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 2103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 
 117,415 
 
 $13,261 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1979 
 
 99,154 
 
 12,162 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1980 
 
 84,037 
 
 12.611 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1981 
 
 104,693 
 
 18,412 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1982 
 
 69,869 
 
 13,293 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1983 
 
 55,000 
 
 10,000 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 
 'As measured by finished shipments. 
 
 2Rounded. 
 
 Principal Known Fluorspar Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size! 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 103 t 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Bisoni2 
 
 Chicago Lode 
 
 Crowel|2 
 
 Horseshoe 
 
 Mammoth^ 
 
 Nyco2 
 
 Rainbow2 
 
 Union Canyon 
 
 White Pine2 
 
 Eureka 
 
 Nye 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Explored prospect .... 
 
 Past producer 
 
 Producer 
 
 Past producer 
 
 Explored 
 
 Past producer 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Explored prospect .... 
 
 CaFz, Zn, Be 
 
 CaFa 
 
 CaFz 
 
 CaFt 
 
 CaFa 
 
 CaFz 
 
 CaF2 
 
 CaFz 
 
 CaFz 
 
 Large . . . 
 Unknown 
 Medium . 
 Unknown 
 Medium . 
 . . . do . . . 
 Small . . . 
 Unknown 
 Large . . . 
 
 (^) 
 
 (^) 
 (') 
 
 (^) 
 
 (') 
 {') 
 (^) 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 1 Based on estimate of metric tons of contained CaF2: Large, >5 million; medium, 50,000 to 5 million; small, <50,000. 
 
 zQeposit abstract in directory. 
 
 3No published data have been located. 
 
 GOLD 
 
 Gold production in Nevada increased from 26% of total 
 U.S. production in 1978 to 47% of U.S. total in 1983. Since 
 1980, Nevada has been the largest gold producing State. 
 Nevada gold production more than tripled between 1978 
 and 1983. Nevada 1982 gold production was 28,626 kg. Pro- 
 duction by the end of 1984 could easily be at the annual 
 rate of 29,000 kg. After mid-decade, Nevada could be an- 
 nually producing 31,000 kg (1 million oz) gold as new prop- 
 erties come on stream and several existing producers 
 complete expansion. As a comparison, total 1983 U.S. gold 
 production was 60,900 kg. 
 
 Most Nevada gold discoveries are very recent. An- 
 nouncement of new Nevada discoveries and plans for mine- 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Gold in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 2,476 
 
 Producers' 1 ,726 
 
 Known principal deposits 52 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 33 
 
 'Includes past producers. 
 
 mill development have been commonplace up to the present 
 time. 
 
 One of the most recent discoveries was announced by 
 AMAX Inc. in February 1985. Named the Sleeper, this gold 
 and silver ore body is located about 50 km northwest of Win- 
 nemucca in Humboldt County. AMAX intends to develop 
 and produce initially from a high-grade portion of the 3.8 
 million t ore body that, on the whole, averages 4.5 g/t Au 
 and 25 g/t Ag. Production is scheduled to commence by 
 mid-1986 at the mine rate of 450 t/d, producing about 1,700 
 kg Au and 1,900 kg Ag annually. Unfortunately, the an- 
 nouncement of this significant Nevada discovery came too 
 late to include in the tabulation of principal known gold 
 deposits below and on figure 18. 
 
 Reported Gold Production^- United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 106 kg 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 kg 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 1979 
 1980 
 1981 
 1982 
 1983 
 
 31.1 
 30.0 
 30.2 
 42.9 
 45.6 
 60.9 
 
 $193,324 
 296,550 
 594,050 
 633,918 
 550,966 
 829,929 
 
 8,125 
 
 7,779 
 
 8,662 
 
 16,323 
 
 23,548 
 
 28,626 
 
 $50,496 
 76,905 
 170,595 
 241,220 
 284,601 
 390,226 
 
 'Data are rounded. 
 
43 
 
 1 
 
 ( 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 J 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 
 • Oocurrenoe 
 ^ Principal deposit 
 
 'XJ 
 
 Flgur* 17.— Fluorspar In Nevada. 
 
44 
 
 Principal Known Gold Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Sizei 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 2108 t 
 
 g/t Au 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Alligator Ridge^ . 
 Atlanta^ 
 
 Aurora^ 
 
 Bald Mountain^ 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 Copper Canyon:^ 
 Fortitude. 
 
 Bell Mountain^ . . . 
 
 Blue Star3 
 
 Bootstraps 
 Borealis^ . 
 
 Buckhorn^ 
 
 Buckskin 
 
 Bullion Monarch^ 
 
 Carlin3 
 
 Cortez 
 
 Dee3 
 
 Dexter: 
 High-grade zone 
 
 Low-grade zone 
 
 Dry Canyon (Quito) . 
 Eldorado Canyon . . 
 Enfield Bell (Jerritt 
 Canyon).3 
 
 Fire Creek 
 
 Florida Canyon . . . . 
 
 Gance Creek 
 
 Getchell3 
 
 Gold Bar 
 
 Gold Hill .... 
 Gold Quarry3 . 
 
 Goldfield3 
 
 Goldstrike3 
 
 Hilltop 
 
 Hog Ranch 
 
 Horse Canyon^ . . 
 
 Ivanhoe 
 
 Lewis 
 
 Lucerne 
 
 Maggie Creek^ . . 
 
 Manhattan* 
 
 Mesona 
 
 Northumberland* . 
 Paradise Peak . . . 
 
 Pinson* 
 
 Preble* 
 
 Rain* 
 
 Rawhide 
 
 Relief Canyon* . . 
 Round Mountain* 
 
 Santa Fe* 
 
 Sterling* 
 
 Tonkin Springs:* 
 
 Upper zone 
 
 Lower zone 
 
 Tonopah Divide* 
 
 Tonopah Hasbrouck* 
 
 Victorine-Kingston . 
 Windfall* 
 
 White Pine 
 Lincoln . . . 
 
 Mineral . . . 
 
 White Pine 
 Lander .... 
 
 Churchill 
 Eureka . 
 
 Elko . . . 
 Mineral 
 
 Eureka . 
 
 Douglas . 
 Eureka . 
 .... do 
 .... do 
 Elko . . . . 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Lander . 
 Clark . . 
 Elko . . . 
 
 Lander . . . 
 Pershing . 
 
 Elko 
 
 Humboldt 
 
 Eureka 
 Storey . 
 Eureka 
 
 Esmeralda . 
 Eureka . . . 
 Lander . . . . 
 Washoe . . . 
 Eureka . . . 
 
 Elko 
 
 Humboldt . 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Eureka . . . 
 
 Nye 
 
 Elko 
 
 Nye 
 
 .... do . . 
 
 Humboldt . 
 
 .... do . . 
 
 Elko 
 
 Mineral . . . 
 Pershing . . 
 Nye 
 
 Mineral 
 
 Nye 
 
 Eureka . . . 
 .... do . . 
 Esmeralda . 
 .... do . . 
 
 Lander . 
 Eureka 
 
 Active-producer 
 do . . . 
 
 Active-producer, 
 
 testing and 
 
 developing. 
 Active-testing and 
 
 developing. 
 Active-producer . . 
 
 Active-developing, 
 
 exploration. 
 Active-intermittent 
 
 producer. 
 Active-producer* . 
 do 
 
 do. 
 
 Active-developing .... 
 
 Active-producer 
 
 do 
 
 Active-past producer* 
 Active-producer 
 
 Active-exploration 
 
 .do. 
 
 Active-exploration 
 
 do 
 
 Active-producer . . 
 
 Active-producer . . . . 
 Inactive-explored . . . 
 Active-exploration . . 
 Active-past producer, 
 
 exploration. 
 Active-exploration 
 
 Inactive 
 
 Active-developing 
 
 do ... . 
 
 Active-producer . 
 Active-feasibility . 
 Active-exploration 
 Active-producer . 
 Inactive-explored 
 Active-developing 
 Inactive-explored 
 Active-producer . 
 
 do ... . 
 
 Active-exploration 
 Active-producer . 
 Active-developing 
 
 Active-producer 
 
 do ... . 
 
 Active-exploration 
 
 do ... . 
 
 Active-producer . 
 do ... . 
 
 Active-feasibility . 
 Active-producer . 
 
 Active-exploration 
 
 do 
 
 Active-producer . . 
 Active-exploration 
 
 Active-producer, 
 
 exploration. 
 Active-producer . . 
 
 Au, Ag, Hg 
 Au, Ag. . . . 
 
 Au, Ag. 
 
 Au . . . . 
 Au, Ag. 
 
 Au, Ag . 
 
 Au . . . . 
 
 Au, Ag. . . . 
 Au, Ag, Hg 
 
 Au, Ag. . . . 
 
 Au, Cu, Ag 
 Au, Ag. . . . 
 Au, Ag, Hg 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au, Ag. 
 
 Au, Ag. 
 
 Au, Sb. 
 Au . . . . 
 Au . . . . 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au, Ag, W. 
 
 Au . . . . 
 Au, Ag. 
 Au. Hg 
 
 Au, Ag. 
 Au, Ag . 
 Au . . . . 
 Au . . . . 
 Au . . . . 
 Au . . . . 
 Au, Ag . 
 Au . . . . 
 Au . . . . 
 Au, Ag. 
 Au . . . . 
 Au, Ag. 
 Au, Ag. 
 
 Au. Ag, Hg 
 
 Au . . . . 
 Au, Ag . 
 Au, Ag. 
 Au, Ag. 
 Au. Ag . 
 
 Au, Ag . 
 
 Au. Ag. Hg 
 
 Au . . . . 
 Au . . . . 
 Au, Ag . 
 Au, Ag. 
 
 Au, Ag . 
 Au, Ag. 
 
 Medium 
 Small . . 
 
 . . . do , . 
 
 . . . do . . 
 Medium 
 
 Small . 
 
 ... do . 
 
 ... do . 
 ... do . 
 
 ... do . 
 
 ... do . 
 Small . 
 Medium 
 Small . 
 ... do . 
 
 . . . do . . 
 
 . . . do . . 
 
 Small . . 
 Unknown 
 Medium 
 
 Small . . 
 . . . do . . 
 Unknown 
 Small . . 
 
 . . . do . . 
 . . . do . . 
 Large . . 
 
 Small . . 
 
 do., 
 .do., 
 .do., 
 .do.. 
 • do.. 
 
 do.. 
 
 do., 
 .do., 
 -do.. 
 
 do., 
 .do.. 
 Medium 
 
 Small . 
 
 ... do . 
 ... do . 
 ... do . 
 ... do . 
 Large . 
 
 Small . 
 
 ... do . 
 
 ... do . 
 ... do . 
 ... do . 
 ... do . 
 
 ... do . 
 
 ... do . 
 
 3.5 
 .9 
 
 1.4 
 
 2.5 
 
 14.5 
 
 2.5 
 
 1.6 
 
 <.9 
 2.3- 
 2.7 
 4.5 
 
 .36 
 
 en 
 
 84.08 
 
 en 
 
 102.420 
 "1.010 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.7 
 
 1.36 
 
 12.4 
 
 .32 
 18 
 
 2.950 
 
 9 
 
 2.5 
 
 en 
 
 12166 
 13122 
 1.919 
 (^ 
 i''9.34 
 
 (15) 
 
 3.121 
 
 (16) 
 
 >9.1 
 
 O 
 
 3.3 
 
 4.5 
 
 15.4 
 9.1 
 
 '02.7 
 
 "2.2 
 
 1.6 
 
 1V.5 
 
 (18) 
 
 8 
 177.3 
 
 1910.4 
 
 .18 
 
 2.3 
 .45 
 
 4.5 
 
 O 
 2.7 
 
 3.1 
 
 3.0 
 <55.0 
 
 4.42 
 <10.0 
 
 3.1 
 
 4.8 
 "18.0 
 
 2.02 
 -•56 
 4.1 
 
 4100 
 
 1.5 
 2.7 
 *2.1 
 1.5 
 420 
 C) 
 
 en 
 
 85.5 
 
 O 
 103.94 
 11.96 
 
 1.37 
 -^5.1 
 34 
 <2.4 
 6.9 
 O 
 7.03 
 
 2 
 .7 
 
 6.2 
 5.5 
 3 
 
 en 
 
 121.47 
 
 1*1.65 
 
 2.4 
 
 i<2.5 
 
 1.89 
 
 (16) 
 
 NA 
 
 O 
 2.7 
 1.2 
 
 1.5 
 3.4 
 *103 
 103.19 
 11.89 
 2.13 
 2.85 
 
 (18) 
 
 1.1 
 1.5 
 4.79 
 1.88 
 420.9 
 6.9 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 (n 
 
 2 
 
 451 
 
 1 
 
 1983 
 1980 
 
 1982 
 
 1984 
 
 1983 
 
 1984 
 
 1974 
 
 1979 
 1981 
 
 1983 
 
 1983 
 NAp 
 1983 
 NAp 
 1983 
 
 1984 
 
 1984 
 
 1984 
 NAp 
 1984 
 
 1982 
 1984 
 NAp 
 1982 
 
 1984 
 NAp 
 1983 
 
 1984 
 NAp 
 1984 
 1984 
 1982 
 1984 
 1984 
 NAp 
 1984 
 1983 
 NAp 
 1981 
 1984 
 
 1983 
 
 1984 
 1983 
 1964 
 1984 
 1981 
 
 1983 
 
 1983 
 
 1983 
 1983 
 NAp 
 1982 
 
 NAp 
 
 1975 
 
 15 
 61 
 
 309, 444 
 
 499 
 
 435 
 
 208 
 
 517 
 
 378 
 383 
 
 769 
 
 394 
 
 NAp 
 
 511 
 
 NAp 
 
 493 
 
 524, 534 
 
 524, 534 
 
 799 
 NAp 
 313 
 
 611 
 662 
 NAp 
 61 
 
 660 
 NAp 
 511 
 
 502 
 
 NAp 
 
 532 
 
 611 
 
 564 
 
 611 
 
 501 
 
 NAp 
 
 511 
 
 311 
 
 NAp 
 
 61 
 
 611, 772 
 
 667 
 
 770 
 511 
 611 
 658 
 388 
 
 531, 657 
 
 533 
 
 241 
 241 
 NAp 
 611 
 
 NAp 
 
 805 
 
 NAp Not applicable. NA Not available. 
 
 1 Based on estimate of metric tons of contained Au: Large, >90; medium, 90 
 to 30; small <30. 
 
 2Rounded. 
 
 *Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 "Silver. 
 
45 
 
 sPit inactive, reserves depleted. Low-grade dump is being leaclied. 
 ^Development ore assayed 6.9 g/t Au, 0.9% Cu, and 14 g/t Ag. 
 ^No published data have been located. 
 ^Quantity and grade include Carlin and Blue Star reserves. 
 ^Low-grade and high-stripping-ratio resource believed remaining; dump 
 material currently being mined. 
 i°Mill grade. 
 1' Leach grade. 
 i^Total resource. 
 
 ^'Recoverable reserve. 
 
 '■•Contains 5.2 million t averaging 2.7 g/t amenable to open-pit mining. 
 i5Contains >3,000 kg Au. 
 i^Contains >15,000 kg Au. 
 •'Contains 3.1 million t averaging 5.04 g/t Au. 
 •^Contains >18,000 kg Au. 
 
 •'Contains 6.3 million t oxide ore averaging 1.6 g/t Au and 15 g/t Ag, and 
 4.1 million t sulfide ore averaging 2.26 g/t Au and 30.9 g/t Ag. 
 
 Dry A!? 
 
 Canymi : * 
 
 >~ J, ~ \ « "t!^ » / ^*Viotorine-Kingston 
 
 ^ •« ^ t u" B^ell Mountain*! «* «^ "K' 
 
 XL*! J A' « i .» „ t ^Northumber 
 
 h, 
 
 land 
 
 Paradise Peak' 
 
 A * 
 
 xAi 
 
 Santa Fern 
 
 ^Borealis ^m. "" 
 
 Roundi§<S 
 Mountain 
 
 > 
 
 Manhattan 
 
 ."/ 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 Tonopah^sjonop 
 Hasbrouck^" Divic 
 
 ah 
 de 
 
 '^oldfiefd 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 « Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 Humboldt 
 Pershing y*"^ 
 
 .ureka 
 
 1 
 
 Elko 
 
 
 
 icilurchlllj J 
 
 White Pine 
 
 i 
 1 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 
 J^i 
 
 Looufl 
 l-CaiK 
 —Store' 
 
 las 
 
 HlC 
 f 
 
 \Mln6ral\ 
 \E8fnen 
 
 Nye 
 ilda 
 
 \ 
 
 
 Clark 
 
 \ « ^^Sterling 
 
 t 
 
 \ 
 
 o 
 
 LAS VEGAS 
 
 Eldoradof 
 
 ^^^ Canyon I 
 
 Figure 18.— Gold in Nevada. 
 
46 
 
 IRON ORE 
 
 U.S. iron ore production, down about 50% in 1982 when 
 compared with 1981 levels, was at the lowest since 1938. 
 The reduction was largely due to the decline in iron and 
 steel production. In California, a major mine was per- 
 manently closed and 9 of 13 taconite operations in the Lake 
 Superior District were closed 7 to 12 months. In Nevada, 
 the Nevada-Barth Corp. continued to ship ore to the Geneva, 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Iron Ore in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 216 
 
 Producers' 77 
 
 Known principal deposits 9 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 9 
 
 ''Includes past producers. 
 
 UT, facility from its mine stockpile near Carlin; production 
 reportedly ended in 1980 because of exhaustion of ore 
 reserves. Two other mines, the Iron Mine in Churchill Coim- 
 ty and the Cooney Brothers, Pershing County, also reported 
 shipments in 1982. 
 
 Reported Iron Ore Production^— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 {728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 2103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 1979 
 1980 
 1981 
 1982 
 1983 
 
 84,542 
 87,602 
 70,711 
 73,340 
 36,330 
 45,006 
 
 $2,401 ,387 
 2,814,440 
 2,544,121 
 2,915,239 
 1,491,809 
 1,944,988 
 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 100.6 
 78.9 
 W 
 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 $1,490 
 1,119 
 W 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 'As measured by shipments; includes byproduct ore. 
 2Rounded. 
 
 Principal Known Iron Ore Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Buena Vista3 
 
 Calico Hills3 
 
 Dayton3 
 
 Dodge-Ford3 
 
 Churchill 
 
 Mineral 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Pershing 
 
 Douglas 
 
 Eureka 
 
 Nye 
 
 Pershing 
 
 Lyon 
 
 Past producer 
 
 Unknown 
 
 Explored prospect. . . . 
 
 Past producer 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Explored prospect .... 
 do 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe, Cu 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe, Cu, Au, Ag 
 
 Medium . 
 Small . . . 
 Medium . 
 ...do... 
 Small . . . 
 Medium . 
 Small . . . 
 Large . . . 
 ...do... 
 
 46,000 
 
 (=) 
 46,000 
 
 (=) 
 {«) 
 45,000 
 (=) 
 (=) 
 250,000 
 
 28.5 
 (^) 
 42 
 
 (=) 
 
 {') 
 
 42.7 
 
 (=) 
 40 
 
 6.3 
 
 1971 
 NAp 
 1971 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 1971 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 1969 
 
 ■»454 
 NAp 
 454 
 NAp 
 
 Minnesota3 
 
 Modarelli3 
 
 Phelps-Stokes3 
 
 Piute3 
 
 Pumpkin Hollow3 
 
 NAp 
 454 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 771 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained Fe: Large, >100 million; medium, 5 million to 100 million; small, <5 million. 
 
 ^Rounded. 
 
 3Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 ''Buena Vista published reserves-resources are for 3 separate ore bodies and include measured, indicated, and inferred estimates. 
 
 ^No published data have been located. 
 
 6Wt % Cu. 
 
47 
 
 /n 
 
 ...PiMie^.. 
 
 3odge-Ford / 
 
 iSna Vista 
 
 bENO 
 
 O f- i 
 
 I s '' 
 
 J" 
 
 / ,,'- DaytonN 
 
 ^^-..-^s.-.k ..A ^ 
 
 Minnesota' 
 
 >X , 
 
 .1- 
 
 A / ^Calico Hills A » 
 
 Pumpkin : Hollow ! ' \ 
 
 \, i 1 ' ^ 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 « Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 Phelps-Stokes 
 
 / 
 
 \ / 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 -Douglas ^yMlneral > 
 
 -Carson City 
 
 -Storey \E8meralda 
 
 ^Modakelli 
 
 \ 
 
 I 
 
 J 
 
 y 
 
 ( 
 
 i 
 
 LAS VEG*S ( V»»/ 
 
 
 Figure 19.— Iron in Nevada. 
 
48 
 
 LEAD AND ZINC 
 
 Lead and zinc are two of the most widely used metals 
 in world industry. In terms of tonnage used, lead and zinc 
 rank fifth and fourth, respectively, after iron, aluminum, 
 and copper. In 1982, world mine production of lead and zinc 
 was estimated at 3.5 million and 6.2 million t, respectively, 
 while output from U.S. mines was estimated at 513,000 t 
 lead and 303,000 t zinc. 
 
 Although Nevada is not a major producer of either lead 
 or zinc, both metals have been periodically recovered from 
 Nevada mines. The last significant period of production was 
 during the mid-1970's when the Pan American Mine in 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Lead and Zinc in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 1 ,506 
 
 Producers' 1 ,051 
 
 Known principal deposits 10 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 6 
 
 'Includes past producers. 
 
 Lincoln County was operated by the Bunker Hill Co. Since 
 1979, however, output of lead and zinc has been small. 
 
 Reported Lead and Zinc Production— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (722-723) 
 
 Year 
 
 Lead 
 
 103 1 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 Zinc 
 
 103 1 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 UNITED STATES 
 
 1978 
 
 '530 
 
 $393,516 
 
 '303 
 
 $206,854 
 
 1979 
 
 '526 
 
 609,929 
 
 '267 
 
 219,841 
 
 1980 
 
 '550 
 
 515,189 
 
 '317 
 
 261,671 
 
 1981 
 
 '446 
 
 358,821 
 
 '312 
 
 306,879 
 
 1982 
 
 '513 
 
 288,579 
 
 '303 
 
 257,116 
 
 1983 
 
 '449 
 
 214.623 
 
 '275 
 
 251,204 
 
 NEVADA 
 
 1978 
 
 0.653 
 
 $485 
 
 1.371 
 
 $937 
 
 1979 
 
 .024 
 
 28 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 1980 
 
 .026 
 
 24 
 
 .002 
 
 2 
 
 1981 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 1982 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 
 
 
 
 1983 
 
 .014 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 'Rounded. 
 
 Principal Known Lead and/or Zinc Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 2103 t 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Argentena . . . . 
 
 Caselton3 
 
 Mountain View. 
 Pan American3 
 
 Potosi 
 
 Prince3 
 
 Ridge 71293. 
 Ruby Hil|3 . . 
 
 Clark . . 
 Lincoln 
 Eureka 
 Lincoln 
 
 Past producer. 
 
 do . 
 
 do . 
 
 do . 
 
 Clark ... 
 Lincoln . 
 Eureka . 
 do 
 
 do 
 do 
 
 Explored . . 
 Developed 
 
 Ward3 . 
 
 White Pine . . , 
 
 Active-developing . 
 
 Yellow Pine Clark 
 
 Past producer. 
 
 Zn, Pb, Ag, Au, Cu, V . 
 
 Zn, Pb, Ag, Mn 
 
 Zn, Pb, Ag, Cu, Au . . . . 
 Zn, Pb, Ag, Mn 
 
 Zn, Ag, Pb 
 
 Zn, Pb, Ag, Mn 
 
 Zn, V, Mo, Se, oil shale 
 Zn, Au, Ag, Pb 
 
 Zn, Pb, Ag, Cu 
 
 Zn, Pb, Ag, Cu, Au . . . . 
 
 Small . . 
 Medium 
 Small . . 
 Medium 
 
 Small . . 
 Medium 
 ...do. . 
 ...do.. 
 
 .do 
 
 (*) 
 
 (*) 
 
 1,992 
 
 (*) 
 
 (*) 
 
 (*) 
 
 2,841 
 
 4,500 
 
 .do. 
 
 (*) 
 
 {*) 
 (*) 
 
 51.17 
 
 62.45 
 72.07 
 (Sic) 
 C) 
 (*) 
 C) 
 53.7 
 68.3 
 95.48 
 
 7194 
 95.5 
 
 7103 
 '"1.4 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 1982 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 1982 
 
 1983 
 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 168 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 168 
 
 637 
 
 NAp 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained Pb and Zn: 
 
 2Rounded. 
 
 3Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 "No published data have been located. 
 
 5Wt % Pb. 
 
 6Wt % Zn. 
 
 7g/t Ag. 
 
 8g/t Au. 
 
 ^Combined wt % Zn-Pb. 
 
 '"Wt % Cu. 
 
 Large, >1 million; medium, 50,000 to 1 million; small, <50,000. 
 
49 
 
 
 ■u 
 
 ".n. 
 
 u. 
 
 ■In 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 »-. 
 
 s 
 
 ( 
 
 
 \T 
 
 o ^ 
 
 Mountain •» / 
 View " 
 
 ! 
 
 • I 
 
 / 
 
 
 A Ruby. 
 
 \ 
 
 ...k.. 
 
 i Ridge ^ 
 I 7129 • 
 
 
 ,i ^- 
 
 ■'■^jr;;-- «|t 
 
 Ward 
 
 Vv 
 
 C'» ^ 
 
 " / 
 
 \ / • 
 
 
 *»' 
 
 \/ 
 
 . *N 
 
 Caselton ; 
 
 Pan , 
 American 
 
 T 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 SO 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 > Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 HmOoktt 
 PenhktoT 
 
 Eho 
 
 
 
 JlChurchHj 
 
 "' 1 
 
 
 -^l 
 
 J90 r T- 
 
 
 Looug 
 '-Cam 
 —Stare 
 
 in CI 
 y 
 
 \e«toibI(*i 
 
 V 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 \ 
 
 CW 
 
 •.I 
 
 ■ I . •■ J 
 
 \ ' • • . ' 
 
 V ' • O -.- . / 
 
 \^ I . LAS VEGks C^ \^ 
 
 N ?c;<osi \ 
 
 \ ^ * ^ 
 
 X*' AYellow Rine V 
 
 rgentena 
 
 X. 
 
 Figure 20.— Lead-zinc in Nevada. 
 
50 
 
 LITHIUM 
 
 Lithium is the lightest weight, lowest density, and most 
 electrochemically reactive metal known. It finds use in a 
 variety of commercial or industrial applications. The United 
 States is the world's largest consumer of lithium and from 
 1978 through 1983, apparent domestic consumption aver- 
 aged 2,833 t. In 1983, the aluminum industry, the largest 
 lithium user, accounted for about one-third of domestic con- 
 sumption. Other consuming industries include ceramic and 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Lithium In Nevada 
 
 Total properties 2 
 
 Producers! 1 
 
 Known principal deposits 2 
 
 Deposit abstracts In di rectory 2 
 
 ! Includes past producers. 
 
 specialty glass, lubricant, air conditioning, synthetic rub- 
 ber, and primary batteries. 
 
 The United States is also the world's largest producer 
 of lithium. In addition to supplying domestic needs, U.S. 
 producers provide about 70% of market-economy countries 
 supply of lithium. Approximately three-fourths of U.S. out- 
 put is obtained from pegmatite deposits in North Carolina. 
 The remainder is from lithium-bearing brines in Clayton 
 Valley, NV. Currently, there is significant exploration ac- 
 tivity in the McDermitt Caldera area near the Nevada- 
 Oregon border where an extensive deposit of hectorite, a 
 lithium-bearing clay, occurs. 
 
 Reported Lithium Production— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (722-723) 
 
 Lithium production data for both the United States and Nevada are withheld 
 to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 
 Principal Known Lithium Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Slzei 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 wt o/o 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Montana Mountains^ 
 
 Silver Peak' 
 
 Humboldt .... 
 Esmeralda 
 
 Explored 
 
 Producer 
 
 LI, U 
 
 LI 
 
 Large . . . 
 ...do... 
 
 41 
 
 
 NAp 
 1979 
 
 NAp 
 638 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 iBased on estimate of metric tons of contained LIOj: Large, >100,000; medium, 10,000 to 100,000; small, <10,000. 
 
 ^Rounded. 
 
 'Deposit abstract In directory. 
 
 "No published data have been'located. 
 
 sLi as LI2CO3. 
 
51 
 
 T„ 
 
 RENO 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 ) 
 
 \ i 1 
 
 \ 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 A Montana 
 Mountains 
 
 1^_. 
 
 y~ 
 
 /" 
 
 ASilver • 
 Peak 
 
 DougtaB X^*"^'^ 
 ■-Carson City 
 ' — Storey \E8merakto 
 
 I I 
 
 J 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 o 
 
 LAS VEGAS 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 
 Figure 21 .—Lithium in Nevada. 
 
52 
 
 MAGNESIUM 
 
 Magnesium, the eighth most abundant element in the 
 Earth's cnist, has two basic commercial forms: magnesium 
 metal and magnesium compounds. Apparent U.S. annual 
 consmnption of magnesium metal averaged 111,000 1 from 
 1978 through 1983, and for the same period, apparent an- 
 nual domestic consumption of magnesium compounds 
 averaged nearly 705,000 t (magnesium content). In 1983, 
 about 53% of consumption of metallic magnesium was in 
 the production of aluminvmi-based alloys. Other uses of the 
 metal included magnesium castings and wrought products; 
 reducing agents for titanium, zirconium, uranium, and 
 beryllium metal; cathodic protection; and production of 
 nodular cast iron. About 80% of the magnesium compovmds 
 used in the United States is in the form of magnesia (MgO) 
 for high-temperature, basic refractory materials. The steel 
 industry, the largest consumer of magnesia refractories, 
 uses about 5.5 kg of MgO per metric ton of steel ingot pro- 
 duced. Magnesium compounds are also used in the produc- 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Magnesium in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 35 
 
 Producers' 2 
 
 Known principal deposits 2 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 2 
 
 includes past producers. 
 
 tion of a variety of other industrial and consumer goods 
 including such diverse products as pulp and paper, sugar, 
 rubber, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, fertilizers, textiles, 
 glass, paint, cements, and ceramics. 
 
 In the United States, magnesiimi metal and magnesivun 
 compounds are recovered from seawater, well and lake 
 brines, dolomite, brucite, and magnesite. 
 
 Prior to World War II, Nevada produced minor amoimts 
 of magnesium compounds; however, in the early 1940's pro- 
 duction of magnesia greatly expanded principally for feed 
 to the Grovernment-built magnesium metal plant near 
 Henderson, NV. All of the ore was obtained from deposits 
 near Gabbs in Nye County. Magnesite mining for the pro- 
 duction of refractory grade magnesia began in 1949 and has 
 been carried out since. 
 
 Reported Magnesium Production^— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (722-723) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 
 1,378 
 
 $221,626 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1979 
 
 1,428 
 
 234,306 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1980 
 
 1,297 
 
 277,506 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1981 
 
 1,114 
 
 262,265 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1982 
 
 915 
 
 222,287 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 1983 
 
 935 
 
 216,765 
 
 W 
 
 
 W 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 'Magnesium compounds shipped and used. 
 2Rounded. 
 
 Principal Known Magnesium Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Basic, lnc.3 
 
 Overton3 
 
 Nye 
 
 Clark 
 
 Producer 
 
 Explored 
 
 MgO 
 
 MgO 
 
 Large . . . 
 Medium . 
 
 24,500 
 (^ 
 
 «<5 
 
 
 1956 
 NAp 
 
 749 
 NAp 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons contained MgO: Large, >10 million; medium, 100,000 to 10 million; small, <100,000. 
 
 ^Bounded. 
 
 3Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 "Wt % CaO. 
 
 ^No published data have been located. 
 
53 
 
 u 
 
 "■T"" 
 
 L-... 
 
 o ^■' 
 
 / "-1 
 
 ~-^: \ 
 
 ..^■~ 
 
 \ 
 
 ^ { 
 
 
 ^^\] 
 
 \ 
 
 
 / 
 
 ABasic, Inc. 
 
 V 
 
 so 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 • Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 \. 
 
 
 
 Humboldt 
 
 
 
 
 % 
 
 
 
 Elko 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Pershing j 
 
 .A 
 
 
 
 \ fa" 
 
 
 
 _—>lChurohlllJ 
 
 :ureka 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 -JjL 
 
 <!" / 
 
 Looug 
 
 ai 
 
 \Mlneral\ 
 
 Nya 
 
 L-Caraon Ctty \/ ^ 
 
 
 ' — Storey \E«men 
 
 iltla 
 
 Lincoln 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Claik 
 
 Ik 
 
 \ 
 
 ! 
 
 
 i 
 
 A > 
 
 Overton' 1 
 
 \^ J LAS VEGAS /""^ \^ 
 
 Figure 22.— Magnesium in Nevada. 
 
54 
 
 MANGANESE 
 
 Manganese, an extremely critical material in an in- 
 dustrial economy, is essential in the production of virtually 
 all steels and pig iron. When added to the melt in small 
 amounts (approximately 6.8 kg/t), manganese acts as a 
 scavenger by combining with oxygen and sulfur to form 
 easily removable slag. When added in larger amounts (10% 
 to 14%), manganese imparts a work hardening charac- 
 teristic to steel without sacrificing other desired properties. 
 Manganese added to aluminum, magnesium, and copper 
 increases strength, hardness, and/or corrosion resistance. 
 Other uses of manganese include the production of dry cell 
 batteries and chemicals. 
 
 The United States is almost totally dependent on im- 
 ports to satisfy domestic manganese demand. Between 1978 
 and 1982, net U.S. import reliance ranged from 97% to 99% 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Manganese in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 209 
 
 Producers^ 69 
 
 Known principal deposits 5 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 5 
 
 includes past producers. 
 
 of domestic consumption. During war or other periods of 
 artificially high prices, however, domestic mines have pro- 
 duced high-grade manganese ore or concentrates (>35% 
 manganese). The Three Kids Mine in Clark County, the 
 largest manganese producer in Nevada, is reported to have 
 yielded more than 600,000 1 of concentrates averaging about 
 45% manganese {727). Other major manganese past pro- 
 ducers in Nevada include the Black Diablo Mine in Per- 
 shing County and the Caselton and Pioche No. 1 and 2 in 
 Lincoln County. There has been no reported manganese pro- 
 duction in Nevada since 1961. 
 
 Reported Manganese Production^— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (722-723) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 
 34,723 
 
 $3,074 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1979 
 
 27,998 
 
 2,902 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1980 
 
 20,553 
 
 2,444 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1981 
 
 22,067 
 
 2,890 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1982 
 
 3,614 
 
 293 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1983 
 
 3,335 
 
 216 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP No reported production. 
 
 1 Manganese content of manganiferous ore (5% to 35% Mn, natural) 
 shipped. Shipments are used as a measure of manganiferous ore produc- 
 tion. No manganese ore (35% or more Mn, natural) was reported shipped 
 from 1978 through 1983. 
 
 Principal Known Manganese Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 2103 t 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Boulder City^ 
 
 Fannie Ryan^ 
 
 Gibellini3 
 
 Three Kids3 
 
 Clark 
 
 do 
 
 Eureka 
 
 Clark 
 
 do 
 
 Explored 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Past producer 
 
 Expored 
 
 Mn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Mn, Ni, Zn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Medium . 
 Small . . . 
 . . . do . . . 
 Large . . . 
 . ..do... 
 
 13,600 
 23 
 
 n 
 
 7,230 
 290 
 
 3 
 7.6 
 
 (*) 
 13.2 
 10 
 
 1949 
 1949 
 NAp 
 1982 
 1949 
 
 407 
 407 
 NAp 
 351 
 
 Virgin River3 
 
 407 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained Mn: Large, >1 million; medium, 100,000 to 1 million; small, <100,000. 
 
 ^Rounded. 
 
 3Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 ^No published data have been located. 
 
55 
 
 IRENO 
 
 I O r 
 
 
 / ,/ 
 
 / 
 
 ,.A 
 
 J 
 
 N 
 
 i. 
 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 * Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 ■ J® 
 
 7' 
 
 / 
 
 \ 
 
 / 
 
 [L- 
 
 
 ) 
 
 CI £^ ; 
 
 / \ 
 
 \ 
 
 DouotfiB \Mineral N 
 Carson Ctty 
 ^—Storey \Eo(neraMa 
 
 ! 
 
 vj 
 
 
 ! 
 
 * 5 
 I 
 
 Virgin | 
 Fannie ,,(\River i 
 
 Three Kids^ < V»^ 
 
 Boulder City / 
 
 X \ 
 
 Figure 23.— Manganese in Nevada. 
 
56 
 
 MERCURY 
 
 Mercury possesses a combination of useful properties, 
 namely, liquidity at ordinary temperatures, chemical 
 stability, good electrical conductivity, high density and sur- 
 face tension, uniform volume expansion, toxicity of its com- 
 pounds for use in fungicides and other pesticides, and an 
 ability to alloy readily. This latter property in particular, 
 resulted in mercury having an important role in Nevada's 
 early mining history. At one time, cinnabar was widely 
 mined throughout the State and mercury, recovered by 
 retorting, was used in early day gold mine operations to 
 recover free gold and silver from placer and lode ores. This 
 practice all but disappeared when free-milling ores were 
 depleted and the cyanide process was developed. Today, over 
 half of domestic mercury consumption is used in electrical 
 apparatus. Other areas of principal use are in the elec- 
 trolytic production of chlorine and caustic soda, mildew- 
 proofing paint, and in industrial and control instruments. 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Mercury in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 283 
 
 Producers^ 124 
 
 Known principal deposits 4 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 3 
 
 1 1ncludes past producers. 
 
 In recent years, Nevada has been the largest producer 
 of primary mercury in the United States. In 1983, the State 
 was the Nation's sole producer. Placer U.S. Inc.'s McDer- 
 mitt Mine accounted for 99.8% of U.S. total mercury mine 
 production in 1982, or 85% of total domestic mine and 
 secondary mercury production. In 1983, Nevada supplied 
 the nation with about 50% of the 50,000 flasks reported con- 
 sumed. Although the bulk of mercury is produced from the 
 McDermitt Mine, the Carlin, Pinson, and Borealis gold 
 mines produce small quantities of mercury as a byproduct 
 of gold refining. When the Paradise Peak gold mine com- 
 mences production in the near future, about 90 t or 2,600 
 flasks of mercury is expected to be produced annually. An 
 additional unknown quantity of mercury will be produced 
 at the proposed Gold Quarry gold mine. 
 
 Reported Mercury Production— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 {728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 Flasks 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 Flasks 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 1979 
 1980 
 1981 
 1982 
 1983 
 
 24,163 
 29,519 
 30,657 
 27,904 
 25,760 
 25,070 
 
 $3,705 
 
 8,299 
 
 11,939 
 
 11,549 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 24,163 
 29,368 
 30,431 
 27,819 
 25,760 
 25,070 
 
 $3,705 
 
 8,256 
 
 11,851 
 
 11,514 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 
 Principal Known Mercury Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Slzei 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 '103 1 kg/t Year Reference 
 
 B & B3 
 
 Carson RIvers 
 
 McDermitt3 . . •. 
 
 Pilot Mountain district 
 
 Esmeralda . 
 Carson City 
 
 Humboldt . . 
 Mineral . . . . 
 
 Inactive-past producer 
 Inactlve-Comstock 
 wastes. 
 
 Active-producer 
 
 Inactive-past producer 
 
 Hg, Sb , . . 
 Hg, Au, Ag 
 
 Hg 
 
 Hg 
 
 Small . . . 
 Medium . 
 
 ,.,do... 
 
 Small- . . . 
 
 medium 
 
 1,202 
 
 C) 
 4.44 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 1982 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 564 
 NAp 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 ^Based on estimate of flasks of contained Hg; Large, >500,000; medium, 500,000 to 10,000; small, <10,000. 
 
 'Rounded. 
 
 3Deposlt abstract in directory. 
 
 ^No published data have been located. 
 
^McDermitt 
 
 57 
 
 RENO 
 
 o 
 
 .-M 
 
 /^Garson 
 . - "River 
 
 \ 
 
 \ h 
 
 fk 
 
 i 
 
 - — 1 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -n 
 
 T 
 
 
 
 
 *r / 
 
 1^ 
 
 it... 
 
 ?i " 
 
 ■#^J*ilot W^untain district 
 
 / 
 
 \ 
 
 X, 
 
 t 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 LEGEND 
 
 o Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 B & B 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 Douglat X^^'"^*'!^ 
 Carson City 
 • — Storey \E»rnerelda 
 
 f 
 
 o 
 
 LAS VEGAS 
 
 > 
 
 Figure 24.— Mercury in Nevada. 
 
58 
 
 MOLYBDENUM 
 
 Molybdenum, a silver-white metallic element, is used 
 as an alloying agent, refractory metal, and in lubricants, 
 catalysts, and pigments. The United States has consistently 
 been the world's largest producer of molybdenum, ac- 
 counting for about two-thirds of the world annual output 
 from 1976 through 1981. In 1982, however, the U.S. share 
 of world production declined to about 41%, when domestic 
 mines produced an estimated 38,275,000 kg of molybdenum, 
 down from 63,458,000 kg in 1981. In 1983 U.S. mine out- 
 put declined by nearly 60% and accounted for less than 25% 
 of world molybdenum production. 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Molybdenum In Nevada 
 
 Total properties 162 
 
 Producers' 2 
 
 Known principal deposits 5 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 4 
 
 'Includes past producers. 
 
 Until 1980, the molybdenum produced in Nevada was 
 as a byproduct of cooper ore. By the end of 1981, Nevada's 
 first primary molybdenum mine, the Anaconda Minerals 
 Co. Nevada Moly Mine, was on-stream; however, no 
 shipments were made. The mine operated through 
 mid-1982, when the mill was shut down for modifications. 
 Although milling resumed in October, the operation was 
 again shut down in January 1983 because of the worldwide 
 oversupply of molybdenum. In September 1983, operations 
 resumed at 60% capacity. 
 
 Reported Molybdenum Production— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 {728-72S) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 1103 t 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 non 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 
 60 
 
 $607,950 
 
 45 
 
 $469 
 
 1979 
 
 55 
 
 871,068 
 
 18 
 
 242 
 
 1960 
 
 68 
 
 1,344,181 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1961 
 
 63 
 
 995,541 
 
 NRP 
 
 NRP 
 
 1982 
 
 38 
 
 504,069 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 1983 
 
 15 
 
 167,164 
 
 W 
 
 W 
 
 NRP No reported production. 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 
 'Rounded. 
 
 Principal Known Molybdenum Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 103 1 
 
 Published reserves-res ources 
 
 Reference 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 B & C Springs^ 
 Buckingham' . . 
 Mount Hope' . . 
 
 Nevada Moly' 
 Pine Nut 
 
 Nye . . . 
 Lander . 
 Eureka . 
 
 Nye . . . 
 Mineral . 
 
 Explored . . 
 
 do . 
 
 Developing 
 
 Producer . . 
 
 Mo, Cu, Ag . . . . 
 Mo, Ag, Cu, W . 
 
 Mo 
 
 Explored 
 
 Mo, Cu 
 Mo, W. 
 
 Large 
 .do 
 .do 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 131,000 
 907,000 
 406,000 
 
 455,000 
 
 82,000 
 
 0.12 
 .06 
 
 3.13- 
 
 .32 
 
 .072 
 
 ".068 
 
 .06 
 
 1983 
 1962 
 1961 
 
 1983 
 
 1983 
 
 710 
 701 
 383 
 
 736 
 
 794 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained Mo: Large, >200,000; medium, 5,000 to 200,000; small, <5,000. 
 'Deposit abstract in directory. 
 3Wt % MoSj 
 
 *m % Cu. 
 
59 
 
 I RENO 
 
 1,. 
 
 
 --; 
 
 o ^" / 
 
 ■■~~y'- i 
 
 J- 
 
 
 L..., 
 
 \r 
 
 
 
 L —I 'J 
 
 '1 o. 
 
 Buckingham 
 
 
 \ V,^.. 
 
 Mount Hope ; 
 
 A ) 
 
 r~ 
 
 f 
 \ 
 
 1 B a C Springs 
 
 . ....L..... 
 
 Pine Nut 
 
 A 
 
 \ A 
 
 Nevada Moly 
 
 \ 
 
 ; 
 
 ...1 
 
 i 
 
 ! 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 ' Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 \ 
 
 -Doufltaa \Mlnera)\ 
 
 •CarsOTi City 
 
 -Storey XEsmeratda 
 
 \ 
 
 O 
 
 LAS VEGAS 
 
 \ 
 
 Figure 25.— Molybdenum in Nevada. 
 
60 
 
 SILVER 
 
 Both silver and gold have long been used as storehouses 
 for wealth; however, silver possesses physical and chemical 
 properties that also make it critical in producing many 
 modern industrial and consumer products. Silver's unique 
 properties include the highest electrical and thermal con- 
 ductivity of all metals; the forming of photosensitive com- 
 pounds; the resistance to oxidation at high temperatures 
 while maintaining strength; and exceptional malleability 
 and ductility. In 1982, U.S. consumers used about 4.66 
 million kg of silver while domestic mines yielded only slight- 
 ly more than 1.25 million kg of primary metal or about 27% 
 of apparent domestic consumption (728). Mines in Nevada 
 contributed about 7.8% of the total domestic mine output 
 and the State ranked fifth behind Idaho, Arizona, Montana, 
 and Utah. 
 
 Nevada, the Silver State, earned its nickname eeirly in 
 its history when the rich ore bodies in the Comstock, 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral Industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Silver in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 2,479 
 
 Producers' 1 ,740 
 
 Known principal deposits 6 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 5 
 
 ''Includes past producers. 
 
 Tonopah, and Eureka districts were discovered and min- 
 ed. A recent revival in Nevada's silver mining industry 
 began in 1979 in response to sharp increases in silver prices. 
 Although industry activity slowed in 1981 and 1982, the 
 revival had resumed momentvmi by 1983; the Sixteen-to- 
 One commenced production in February 1982, and the 
 Candelaria Mine, the Nation's largest open-pit silver mine, 
 reopened in August 1983. 
 
 Nevada silver production is likely to increase over the 
 next several years, especially if precious metal prices re- 
 main attractive. A major share of the increase will be from 
 "bj^roduct" silver produced from Nevada's expanding gold 
 mining industry. Several large gold mines are undergoing 
 expansion and recent new discoveries may yield substan- 
 tial silver. The Ward Mine should add a significant quan- 
 tity of silver to the State's annual output when production 
 commences after 1986. 
 
 Reported Silver Production— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 1103 kg 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 kg 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 
 1,225 
 
 $212,681 
 
 25,004 
 
 $4,341 
 
 1979 
 
 1,179 
 
 420,261 
 
 17,431 
 
 6,215 
 
 1980 
 
 1,006 
 
 666,955 
 
 29,237 
 
 19,392 
 
 1981 
 
 1,265 
 
 427,987 
 
 94,538 
 
 31,975 
 
 1982 
 
 1,252 
 
 319,902 
 
 97,735 
 
 24,981 
 
 1983 
 
 1,350 
 
 496,671 
 
 160,618 
 
 59,073 
 
 'Rounded. 
 
 Principal Known Silver Deposits in Nevada^ 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size2 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 
 3103 t 
 
 g/t 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Candelaria* 
 
 Gooseberry* 
 
 Mohawk 
 
 Rochester* 
 
 Mineral 
 
 Storey 
 
 Esmeralda 
 
 Pershing 
 
 Esmeralda 
 
 White Pine 
 
 Active-producer 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Active-feasibility 
 
 Ag, Au 
 
 Ag, Au 
 
 Ag 
 
 Ag, Au 
 
 Ag, Au 
 
 Ag, Au 
 
 Medium . 
 Small . . . 
 
 .. do... 
 Medium 
 
 Small . . . 
 
 Medium . 
 
 16,800 
 509 
 
 180 
 80,100 
 
 1,000 
 
 6,000 
 
 37.4 
 349 
 
 58.9 
 480 
 51 
 5.24 
 190 
 
 5.96 
 110 
 
 1983 
 1984 
 
 1980 
 1983 
 
 1984 
 
 1983 
 
 423 
 504 
 
 762 
 94 
 
 Sixteen-to-One* 
 
 Active-producer 
 
 700 
 
 Taylor* 
 
 do 
 
 637 
 
 'Many of Nevada's gold deposits also contain significant silver reserves-resources and with moderate price changes could be described as silver properties; 
 many of these gold-silver deposits are listed under "Principal Known Gold Deposits in Nevada." 
 zfiased on estimate of metric tons of contained Ag: Large, >1 0,000; medium, 10,000 to 500; small, <500. 
 3Rounded. 
 
 *Deposit abstract in directory. 
 5g/t Au. 
 
61 
 
 1.. .._'_ 
 
 
 \ 
 
 »„«« 
 
 "S 
 
 •O j-^'^ A^Gooieberry 
 
 i*^ 
 
 
 V 
 
 
 K' L, 
 
 \1 - 
 
 ^v • ■ : 
 
 • I 
 
 
 Candetaria' 
 
 / 
 
 X Mohawk t 
 
 x 
 
 SIxteen-to-One 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 Taylor 
 
 \ 
 
 1 «« 
 
 I 
 
 A 
 
 ■"-**' ** 
 
 I \ 
 
 l*h%, \ 
 
 •< . 
 
 
 \ 
 
 60 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 • Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 \ 
 
 N J , l-AS VEOAS ^"""^ V-/ 
 
 \- 
 
 
 Figure 26.— Silver In Nevada. 
 
62 
 
 TUNGSTEN 
 
 Tungsten, vital to the defense industry, is essential for 
 high-speed wear-resistant applications in most plant, mine, 
 construction, and drilling operations, and for lamp filaments 
 and many other pure metal uses. It is an important alloy- 
 ing element in tool steel. Approximately 95% of domestic 
 tungsten production, up about 31% in 1981 from 1980 levels, 
 came from two mines in California and one each in Colorado 
 and Nevada. The Emerson Mine, Lincoln County, NV, was 
 that State's largest producer, accounting for over 90% of 
 
 Bureau of Mines Mineral industry Location System 
 (MILS) Data— Tungsten in Nevada 
 
 Total properties 597 
 
 Producers' 321 
 
 Known principal deposits 14 
 
 Deposit abstracts in di rectory 8 
 
 'Includes past producers. 
 
 production in 1981. The Emerson, Nevada Scheelite, 
 Springer, Red Ant No. 2, Bobby No. 4, and Wells Tungsten 
 reportedly produced in 1981. As of July 1983, tungsten pro- 
 duction in Nevada was at a much lower level as a result 
 of depressed tungsten market conditions. In 1984, the prin- 
 cipal Nevada tungsten mines remain closed. 
 
 Reported Tungsten Production^— United 
 States and Nevada, 1978-83 (728-729) 
 
 Year 
 
 United States 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 2103 kg 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 2103 kg 
 
 Value, 103 
 
 1978 
 1979 
 1980 
 1981 
 1982 
 1983 
 
 3,130 
 3,014 
 2,738 
 3,545 
 1,575 
 1,016 
 
 $56,961 
 55,785 
 50,575 
 62,231 
 22,062 
 10,528 
 
 119 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 
 »1,687 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 W 
 
 W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data. 
 'Production as measured by mine shipments, sales, or marketable pro- 
 duction (including consumption by producers). 
 2Rounded. 
 
 Principal Known Tungsten Deposits in Nevada 
 
 Deposit 
 
 County 
 
 Current status 
 
 Commodity 
 
 Size' 
 
 Published reserves-resources 
 
 2103 1 
 
 wt % 
 
 Year 
 
 Reference 
 
 Desert Scheelite . . 
 
 Emerson^ 
 
 Garnet-Tennessee 
 
 Mountain.^ 
 Granite Creek . . . . 
 
 Gunmetal" 
 
 Indian Springs^ . . . 
 
 Linka* 
 
 Monte Cristo 
 
 Nevada Scheelite^ 
 
 Riley 
 
 Riley Extension-. . . 
 
 Springer" 
 
 Tonopah* 
 
 Wells 
 
 Mineral 
 Lincoln 
 Elko... 
 
 Humboldt 
 Mineral . . 
 Elko 
 
 Past producer 
 
 Standby 
 
 Past producer 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 
 Developed . . . 
 
 Lander . . . 
 White Pine 
 Mineral . . . 
 Humboldt . 
 
 do .. 
 
 Pershing . . 
 Humboldt . 
 Elko 
 
 Past producer . . . . 
 Explored prospect . 
 Past producer . . . . 
 
 do . ... 
 
 do .... 
 
 Standby 
 
 Past producer . . . . 
 Producer 
 
 W 
 
 W, Mo, Zn, CaFj, U 
 W, Mo 
 
 W, Mo 
 
 W, Mo, Au 
 
 W 
 
 W, Mo 
 
 W, Mo 
 
 W, Cu, Mo 
 
 W, Cu, Zn, Pb 
 
 W, Cu, Zn, Pb 
 
 W, Mo 
 
 W, Cu, Mo 
 
 W 
 
 Small . . 
 Large . . 
 Medium 
 
 Small 
 Large 
 ...do 
 
 Small 
 Large 
 .. .do 
 Small 
 ...do 
 Large 
 Medium 
 Small . 
 
 {') 
 359 
 
 {') 
 
 12,610 
 39,000 
 
 (') 
 
 (') 
 
 (=>) 
 
 {') 
 50.42 
 
 P) 
 
 (^) 
 
 5.265 
 5.164 
 
 (=>) 
 
 (=•) 
 
 (=>) 
 
 (=") 
 
 P) 
 (=>) 
 P) 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 1977 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 1970 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 526, 527 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 147 
 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 NAp 
 
 NAp Not applicable. 
 
 'Based on estimate of metric tons of contained W: 
 
 ^Rounded. 
 
 3No published data have been located. 
 
 "Deposit abstract in directory. 
 
 5Wt % WO3. 
 
 Large, >1 0,000; medium, 500 to 10,000; small, <500. 
 
63 
 
 U- 
 
 i 
 I 
 
 u 
 
 Seno ^ — »-/~^ I 
 O ^ / I 
 
 X \ 
 
 ( t 
 
 V* f 
 
 i ' 
 
 
 Gal'net-Tennessee Mountain^ ^ 
 
 «« Tonopatu^ 
 Riley Exteitslon^i^pji^y 
 
 Granite Creek A | 
 
 A 
 
 Indian S 
 Springs! 
 
 Ayy«"s 
 
 j 
 
 ^Springer |_ » ^ 
 
 )f~r 
 
 -\ 
 
 r 
 
 A 
 
 Nevada y 
 
 ' 'Scheelite i 
 
 Gurtinetayi^r^'s^ Scheelite 
 
 Linka i 
 
 / 
 
 
 . i 
 
 T 
 
 / 
 
 -r- I 
 
 A. 
 
 .._i 
 
 Monte Cristo 
 
 «• 1 
 
 ! 
 
 A 
 
 Emerson 
 
 n 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 LEGEND 
 > Occurrence 
 A Principal deposit 
 
 I LAS VEGAS (^ V^y 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 
 Figure 27.— Tungsten in Nevada. 
 
64 
 
 ABSTRACTS OF SELECTED DEPOSITS IN NEVADA 
 
 As previously described, the heart of this publication 
 consists of single-page, site-specific deposit abstracts for 119 
 
 selected deposits in Nevada. Figure 28 and table 9 serve 
 as an index for the deposit abstract section. 
 
 TABLE 9.— Deposit abstract index 
 
 (Refer to figure 28) 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Deposit name 
 
 V) 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Deposit name 
 
 V) 
 
 Deposit name 
 
 V) 
 
 Map 
 No. 
 
 Deposit name 
 
 V) 
 
 1.. 
 2.. 
 3.. 
 4.. 
 5.. 
 6.. 
 7.. 
 
 8.. 
 9.. 
 10. 
 11. 
 12. 
 13. 
 14. 
 15. 
 16. 
 17. 
 18. 
 19. 
 20. 
 21. 
 22. 
 23. 
 24. 
 25. 
 26. 
 27. 
 28. 
 29. 
 30. 
 31. 
 32. 
 33. 
 34. 
 35. 
 36. 
 37. 
 38. 
 39. 
 40. 
 
 41. 
 42. 
 
 43. 
 44, 
 45. 
 46. 
 47. 
 48. 
 49. 
 50. 
 51. 
 52. 
 53. 
 54. 
 55. 
 56. 
 57. 
 58. 
 59. 
 
 Indian Springs .... 
 
 Easy Miner 
 
 Snoose 
 
 Big Ledge 
 
 Stormy Creek 
 
 Jungle 
 
 Garnet-Tennessee 
 
 Mountain. 
 
 McDermItt 
 
 Montana Mountains 
 
 Enfield Bell 
 
 Lal<es 
 
 Fish Creel< 
 
 Heavy Spar 
 
 Gold Quarry 
 
 Maggie Creek 
 
 Carlin 
 
 Bullion Monarch . . . 
 
 Blue Star 
 
 Goidstrlke 
 
 Bootstrap 
 
 Dee 
 
 Queen Lode 
 
 Rossi 
 
 Getchell 
 
 Tonopah 
 
 Pinson 
 
 Preble 
 
 Springer 
 
 Bloody Canyon .... 
 
 Rochester 
 
 Relief Canyon 
 
 Sutherland 
 
 Hollywood 
 
 Dodge-Ford 
 
 Fencemaker 
 
 Buena Vista 
 
 Piute 
 
 Rain 
 
 Argents 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 
 Copper Basin, 
 
 Buckingham 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 
 Copper Canyon. 
 Mountain Springs . . 
 
 Qreystone 
 
 Modarelll 
 
 Buckhorn 
 
 Horse Canyon .... 
 Tonkin Springs . . . . 
 
 Mount Hope 
 
 Victoria 
 
 Bald Mountain . . . . 
 Alligator Ridge . . . . 
 
 Ruby Hill 
 
 Windfall 
 
 BIsoni 
 
 GIbellini 
 
 Ridge 7129 
 
 Linka 
 
 Antimony King . . . . 
 
 W 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Hg 
 
 Li 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Sb 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Fe 
 
 Sb 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Cu 
 
 Mo 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 6aS04 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Mo 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Au 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Mn 
 
 Zn 
 
 W 
 
 Sb 
 
 60. 
 61. 
 62. 
 63. 
 64. 
 65. 
 66. 
 67. 
 68. 
 69. 
 70. 
 71. 
 72. 
 73. 
 74. 
 75. 
 76. 
 77. 
 78. 
 79. 
 80. 
 81. 
 82. 
 83. 
 84. 
 85. 
 86. 
 87. 
 
 88. 
 89. 
 90. 
 91. 
 92. 
 93. 
 94. 
 95. 
 96. 
 97. 
 98. 
 99. 
 100 
 101 
 102 
 103 
 104 
 105 
 106 
 107 
 108 
 109 
 110 
 111 
 112 
 113 
 114 
 115 
 116 
 117 
 118 
 119 
 
 Dry Canyon 
 
 Hard Luck-Pradier . 
 
 Bray-Beulah 
 
 Gooseberry 
 
 Dayton 
 
 Carson River 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 McArthur 
 
 Ann Mason 
 
 Yerington 
 
 Bear 
 
 Pumpkin Hollow . . . 
 
 Calico Hills 
 
 Bell Mountain 
 
 Nevada Scheelite . . 
 Phelps-Stokes .... 
 
 Basic, Inc 
 
 B & C Springs 
 
 Santa Fe 
 
 Borealls 
 
 Aurora 
 
 Gunmetal 
 
 Candelaria 
 
 B&B 
 
 P&S 
 
 Northumberland . . . 
 
 Ann 
 
 East Northumber- 
 land. 
 
 Kay 
 
 Round Mountain . . 
 
 White Caps 
 
 Manhattan 
 
 Nevada Moly 
 
 Tonopah Divide . . . 
 Tonopah Hasbrouck 
 
 Sliver Peak 
 
 SIxteen-to-One .... 
 
 Goldfleld 
 
 Crowell 
 
 Sterling 
 
 McGIII Tailings .... 
 Robinson district . . 
 
 Ward 
 
 Taylor 
 
 Mount Wheeler . . . 
 
 White Pine 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 Mammoth 
 
 Nyco 
 
 Rainbow 
 
 Caselton 
 
 Prince 
 
 Pan American .... 
 
 Emerson 
 
 C-M Alunlte 
 
 Overton 
 
 Virgin River 
 
 Fannie Ryan 
 
 Three Kids 
 
 Boulder City 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Sb 
 
 Ag 
 
 Fe 
 
 Hg 
 
 Fe 
 
 Cu 
 
 Cu 
 
 Cu 
 
 Cu 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Fe 
 
 MgO 
 
 Mo 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Ag 
 
 Hg 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 Mo 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 LI 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 Cu 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Ag 
 
 Be 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Au 
 
 CaFa 
 
 CaF2 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 W 
 
 Al 
 
 MgO 
 
 Mn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Mn 
 
 Alligator Ridge . . . 
 
 Ann 
 
 Ann Mason 
 
 Antimony King . . . 
 
 Argenta 
 
 Atlanta 
 
 Aurora 
 
 B&B 
 
 B & C Springs . . . 
 
 Bald Mountain . . . 
 
 Basic, Inc 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 Copper Basin. 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 Copper Canyon. 
 
 Bear 
 
 Bell Mountain . . . . 
 
 Big Ledge 
 
 BIsoni 
 
 Bloody Canyon . . . 
 
 Blue Star 
 
 Bootstrap 
 
 Borealls 
 
 Boulder City 
 
 Bray-Beulah 
 
 Buckhorn 
 
 Buckingham 
 
 Buena Vista 
 
 Bullion Monarch . . 
 
 C-M Alunlte 
 
 Calico Hills 
 
 Candelaria 
 
 Carlin 
 
 Carson River . , , , 
 
 Caselton 
 
 Crowell 
 
 Dayton 
 
 Dee 
 
 Dodge-Ford 
 
 Dry Canyon 
 
 East Northumber- 
 land, 
 
 Easy Miner , 
 
 Emerson , , . 
 
 Enfield Bell . 
 
 Fannie Ryan 
 
 Fencemaker 
 
 Fish Creek . 
 
 Garnet-Tennessee 
 Mountain. 
 
 Getchell 
 
 GIbelllnl 
 
 Gold Quarry 
 
 Goldfleld 
 
 Gold Strike 
 
 Gooseberry 
 
 Greystone 
 
 Gunmetal 
 
 Hard Luck-Pradier 
 
 Heavy Spar 
 
 Hollywood 
 
 Horse Canyon . . . 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Cu 
 
 Sb 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Hg 
 
 Mo 
 Au 
 MgO 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Mn 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 Mo 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 Al 
 
 Fe 
 
 Ag 
 
 Au 
 
 Hg 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 Fe 
 
 Sb 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Mn 
 
 Sb 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Mn 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Ag 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Sb 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Sb 
 
 Au 
 
 52 
 86 
 68 
 59 
 39 
 106 
 80 
 83 
 77 
 51 
 76 
 40 
 
 42 
 
 70 
 73 
 4 
 55 
 29 
 18 
 20 
 79 
 
 119 
 62 
 46 
 41 
 36 
 17 
 
 114 
 72 
 82 
 16 
 65 
 
 110 
 98 
 64 
 21 
 34 
 60 
 87 
 
 2 
 
 113 
 
 10 
 
 117 
 
 35 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 24 
 56 
 14 
 97 
 19 
 63 
 44 
 81 
 61 
 13 
 33 
 47 
 
 Indian Springs .... 
 
 Jungle 
 
 Kay 
 
 Lakes 
 
 Linka 
 
 Maggie Creek 
 
 Mammoth 
 
 Manhattan 
 
 McArthur 
 
 McDermitt 
 
 McGill Tailings .... 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Modarelll 
 
 Montana Mountains 
 
 Mount Hope 
 
 Mount Wheeler . . . 
 Mountain Springs . . 
 
 Nevada Moly 
 
 Nevada Scheelite . . 
 Northumberland . . . 
 
 Nyco 
 
 Overton 
 
 P&S 
 
 Pan American .... 
 
 Phelps-Stokes 
 
 Pinson 
 
 Piute 
 
 Preble 
 
 Prince 
 
 Pumpkin Hollow . . . 
 
 Queen Lode 
 
 Rain 
 
 Rainbow 
 
 Relief Canyon .... 
 
 Ridge 71 29 
 
 Robinson district . . 
 
 Rochester 
 
 Rossi 
 
 Round Mountain . . 
 
 Ruby Hill 
 
 Santa Fe 
 
 Silver Peak 
 
 SIxteen-to-One 
 
 Snoose 
 
 Springer 
 
 Sterling 
 
 Stormy Creek 
 
 Sutherland 
 
 Taylor 
 
 Three Kids 
 
 Tonkin Springs .... 
 
 Tonopah 
 
 Tonopah Divide . . . 
 Tonopah Hasbrouck 
 
 Victoria 
 
 Virgin River 
 
 Ward 
 
 White Caps 
 
 White Pine 
 
 Windfall 
 
 Yerington 
 
 W 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 CaFj 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 Hg 
 
 Cu 
 
 Fe 
 
 Fe 
 
 Li 
 
 Mo 
 
 Be 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Mo 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 CaF2 
 
 MgO 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 Fe 
 
 Au 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Fe 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Au 
 
 Zn 
 
 Cu 
 
 Ag 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Au 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Au 
 
 LI 
 
 Ag 
 
 BaS04 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 BaS04 
 
 Sb 
 
 Ag 
 
 Mn 
 
 Au 
 
 W 
 
 Au 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 Mn 
 
 Pb-Zn 
 
 Sb 
 
 CaF2 
 
 Au 
 
 Cu 
 
 'Primary commodity. 
 
65 
 
 /' 
 
 \ 
 
 ,10 
 
 24 
 
 3/ 
 
 '-:^ 
 
 23 
 
 25 
 26^' 
 
 22^ •-'' 
 - - -2Jpv-<r2CLj^i2 
 
 28—. 
 
 29 — • 
 
 
 -27 
 
 39 '17' A 1 
 -l^ \ t 15 14t 
 
 K-~ 
 
 \ 
 
 38 
 
 42 
 
 30 
 
 32-. ./ 
 
 31 
 -33 
 
 / 43-^. _44 , ^« ^ 
 -46 \ 
 
 50^ 
 
 RENO ^ . — -/" 
 
 O r ' 
 
 / ^_64 
 
 37- 
 
 :M.*rn35„i 
 
 -•36 j 
 
 -47 
 ^48 
 
 ^ 
 
 49 ^ ^ 
 
 52 
 
 59 
 60^ i 
 
 ,53, 
 
 ^ 
 
 — ^^^L. \ 
 
 73 
 
 \- 
 
 62 
 
 /-61 
 
 .—58 
 
 55-^* sV ^ 
 
 ...J- 57: 
 
 
 . — 101 
 
 100 
 
 ,103 
 
 66- 
 
 -67 
 
 /'f—T^' \ /*r --75 
 
 168 69 \ ' 1 
 
 71 
 
 • — 76 
 v'\77 
 
 84 
 
 \ /85 
 
 >.— 86 
 88^ \87 
 
 . — 89 
 
 105 
 
 / ^-v. 
 
 102--. ./I 
 
 104/ 
 
 
 78- 
 
 "Xi: 
 
 -79 
 
 •C-80 
 
 81- 
 
 -. X /N 
 
 90 
 
 82 /• \ 'x 
 
 92 
 
 108 
 
 / 
 
 107 
 
 '83 
 
 95 93 
 
 \ 97,^ 
 
 ^96 
 
 109- 
 
 X..: 
 
 J13 
 
 
 \^\./99 
 
 106 
 
 /1 10 ! 
 
 112/ 
 
 \111 
 
 114s 
 
 -/ 
 
 115 I 
 
 50 
 
 Scale, miles 
 
 Figure 28.— Location of principal deposits with deposit atistracts. 
 
 /1 16 I 
 
 'Vr-'-^J 
 
 X 
 
 119/ f 
 
 \ 
 
 1 
 
66 
 
 ALLIGATOR RIDGE— GOLD 
 
 Ore body names: Veintage 1, 2, eind 3 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag, Hg 
 (Au-Ag ratio = 9:1) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County White Pine. 
 
 Mining district Buck Mountain (8 km north of mine). 
 
 Elevation 2,250 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Public, BLM-administered. 
 
 General location About 60 km northeast of Eureka. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 1, T 22 N, R 57 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°48'24" N. 
 
 Longitude 115°31'12" W. 
 
 Owner Amselco Minerals, Inc., Denver, CO (subsidiary of Selection Trust Ltd., London, England), 50%; NERCO Minerals Co., 
 
 Fairbanks, AK (subsidiary of Pacific Power & Light Co., Portland, OR), 50% (1984). 
 Operator Amselco Minerals, Inc. (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY' 
 
 TVpe of ore body Disseminated; stratabound. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding; faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 20° E: nearly horizontal. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Age of mineralization . . . Tertiary (5 to 30 million yr). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 915. 
 
 Width 305. 
 
 Thickness 75. 
 
 Depth 120 (deepest ore body). 
 
 Mineral names Gold (coarse free and submicrometer free); 
 
 oxide zone— specular hematite, jarosite, stibiconite, goethite, drusy 
 quartz, barite, calcite, gypsum, alunite, kaolinite; carbonaceous ore— 
 stibnite, pyrite, orpiment, realgar, calcite. 
 
 Host formation 
 
 . . . . Pilot Shale. 
 
 (Geologic age '. . 
 
 . . . . Mississippian. 
 
 Rock relationships ..... 
 
 . . . . Siltstone, silicified-brecciated, 
 
 
 contains ore. 
 
 
 Siltstone, unaltered carbonaceous 
 
 
 calcareous, is unaltered, unmineralized 
 
 
 Pilot Shale. 
 
 
 Limestone is above and below host 
 
 
 rock. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Jasperoid silicification, oxidation, decar- 
 
 
 bonatization. 
 
 Size 
 
 . . . . Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status . Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit: 680,000-t/a capacity. 
 
 Year of discovery June 1976. 
 
 Discovery method Outcrop sampling. 
 
 Initial production May 1981. 
 
 Past production 1,980.3 kg (63,668 tr oz) Au, 
 
 141.8 kg (4,558 tr oz) Ag (1981) 
 
 (133). . 
 Total, 1.8 million t (2 million ton) 
 
 ore with 3.91 g/t (0.114 tr oz/lon) 
 
 leachable metal (1981-83) (15). 
 Annual production rate . About 1,900 kg Au (60,000 tr oz), 
 
 440 kg Ag (14,000 tr oz). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site wells, 180 m deep. 
 
 Road requirement - . . Amselco improved about 50 km of 
 
 county road. 
 Distance to power Supply ... 50- to 60-km poWerline constructed. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Agglomeration, heap cyanide leaching, 
 
 carbon adsorption, electrolysis, 
 
 smelting. 
 
 Process rate .... 680,000 t/a (2,700 t/d). 
 
 Product type .". . . Dora bullion bars; 92% Au, 6% Ag. 
 
 Distance shipped About 700 km. 
 
 Destination ..'...; Anaheim, CA." 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 1 . . Not reported in reference 14,000,000 tons 
 
 2 . .Demonstrated 5,000,000 tons 
 
 a . .Proven 3,900,000 tons 
 
 15, 61, 82, 83, 90, 111, 133, 163, 227, 284, 297, 298, 358, 378, 
 400, 412, 481, 565, 587, 681, 835. 
 
 0.12 tr oz/ton Au 1981 
 
 0.12 tr oz/ton Au (average stripping ratio of 3.08:1; 1981 
 
 tons waste:tons ore). 
 
 0.092 tr oz/ton Au (stripping ratio = 3.5:1) 1983 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Ely, 1:250,000. 
 
 Cold Creek, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320330470. 
 
 Mid number 2601624. 
 
 61 
 835 
 
 i5 
 
 'The deposit, as presently defined, consists of 4 separate but adjacent minereilized areas. Ore bodies are irregular but roughly circular in plan with widths 
 of 100 to 200 m, lengths of 200 m, and thicknesses estimated at 40 to 50 m. Pilot Shale host is approximately 60 to 90 m thick but thins and disappears 
 to the west and south. 1984 projected mine life is mid-1988. 
 
67 
 
 ANN— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaSO^ 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Northumberland. 
 
 Elevation 2,500 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Federal; National forest. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 66 km southeast of Austin. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 28, T 13 N, R 46 E. 
 
 38 "55 '40" N. 
 
 116 "47 '45" W. 
 
 Owner W. B. Kohlmoos, N. S. Mallory, T. Corder (1983). 
 
 Operator Dresser Industries, Dallas, TX (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Bedded replacement. 
 
 Origin Sedimentary. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 40° E: 45° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Minercdized zone aver- Unknown. 
 
 age dimensions, m. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Type of operation Possible surface. 
 
 Year of discovery ...... 1967. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 338, 367, 368, 646, 623, 624. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size . 
 
 Pinecone. 
 
 Devonian. 
 
 Chert. 
 
 Claystone, lies over ore. 
 
 Mudstone. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location 
 
 <3 km. 
 <10 km. 
 <10 km. 
 No mill. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 Northumberland Pass, 7.5'. 
 0320230718. 
 
 ^gg 
 
68 
 
 ANN MASON— COPPER 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Cu, Mo 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Lyon. 
 
 Elevation 1,829 m. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 58 km southeast of Carson City. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 13, T 13 N, R 24 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°59'03" N. 
 
 Longitude 119°14'47" W. 
 
 Owner. 
 
 Host formation 
 
 Yerington Batholith. 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships 
 
 Jurassic. 
 
 . . . . Quartz monzonite, encloses ore, gangue 
 
 
 Porphyrtic quartz monzo- 
 nite, encloses ore, gangue. 
 Granodiorite, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 
 Quartz monzonite porphyry dikes; 
 highest ore grades occur near 
 dikes. 
 
 
 Tertiary volcanics; above ore on the 
 north. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Sodic-calcic, potassic, propylitic, 
 
 sodic, sericitic. 
 
 Size 
 
 Large. 
 
 The Anaconda Minerals Co., Denver, CO (a wholly owned subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield Co., Denver, COX1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, porphyry copper. 
 
 Oiigin Magmatic, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Dikes, faulting. 
 
 Plunge and dip of West: gentle, 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . 168 million yr. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 2,360. 
 
 Thickness -t-530. 
 
 Depth 90 to -1-240. 
 
 Mineral names Chalcopyrite, pyrite, bomite, 
 
 molybdenite, goethite, limonite, chrysocolla, hematite, quartz, 
 K-feldspar, plagioclase, hornblende, biotite, magnetite, sphene, 
 apatite, zircon, ilmenite, augite, chlorite, sericite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored prospect. 
 
 Type of operation Prospect. 
 
 Year of discovery 1968. 
 
 Discovery method Geophysical, drilling. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade Year Reference 
 
 1 . .Not reported in reference 495,000,000 tons 0.40% Cu 1976 829 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 126, 128, 453, 567, 695, 822, 829. USGS quad maps Walker Lake, 1:250,000. 
 
 Yerington, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320190169. 
 
 Comments: Copper mineradization is contemporaneous with and spatially related to a swarm of quartz monzonite porphyry dikes that intrude into granodiorite 
 and quartz monzonite. Mineralized zone dimensions are for >0.2% Cu. 
 
69 
 
 ANTIMONY KING— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: Last Chance, Pine, Dry Canyon, Big Creek, Stokes, 
 Mammoth, Mountain View, Commodore, Confidence 
 
 Commodities: Sb 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Mining district Big Creek. 
 
 Elevation 2,682 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 Owner Donald Colson (1984). 
 
 Lessee FMC Corp., Reno, NV (1984). 
 
 Type of ore body Shear zone; fracture zone. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting; fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 55° W: 55" W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 200. 
 
 Width 40. 
 
 Thickness 2. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Stibnite, pyrite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Year of discovery 1890. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1907, 
 
 Last production 1970. 
 
 Past production 454 t Sb metal (376). 
 
 (Jeneral location About 12 km southwest of Austin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 26, T 18 N, R 43 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°23'27" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°06'08" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Valmy. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Shale, encloses ore. 
 
 Limestone, encloses ore. 
 
 Sandstone, near ore. 
 
 Chert, near ore. 
 
 Siltstone, near ore. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <50 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 376, 693. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Millett, 1:250,000. 
 
 Austin, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320150034. 
 
 Comments: Some production apparently combined with or reported as output from the Dry Canyon antimony mine. 
 
70 
 
 ARGENTA— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: Barium King, Milchem, Nevada Barite, 
 Yuba-Shelton, Baryte No. 1, 3 
 
 Commodities: BaSO« 
 
 LOCATlON-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Mining district Argenta. 
 
 Elevation 1,890 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Public; private. 
 
 General location About 18 km east of Battle Motmtain. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 19, T 32 N, R 47 E. 
 
 Latitude 40''38'14" N. 
 
 Longitude 116''44'20" W. 
 
 Owner Milchem, Inc., Battle Mountain, NV (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding; lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N lO" E: 20° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 400. 
 
 Width 170. 
 
 Thickness 15. 
 
 Depth 60. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Open pit. 
 
 Initial production 1935. 
 
 Last production 1983. 
 
 Past production About 5,215,000 t barite mined 
 
 to January 1982 (.385). 
 
 Host formation Slaven. 
 
 Geologic age Devonian. 
 
 Rock relationships Chert, lies over ore, encloses ore. 
 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location 65 km north of mine. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Crushing, jigging, grinding. 
 
 Product type Jigged and ground barite. 
 
 Distance shipped Gulf Coast, California, Wyoming, and 
 
 Canada. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 87, 283, 330, 346, 385, 392, 546, 548, 601, 688, 693. 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Dimphy, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320150057. 
 
 Mid number 2600635. 
 
 Comments: Existing pit operations cover about 40.5 ha. The Argenta has been divided into 6 mtgor areas for development, of which 2 are currently being 
 stripped and mined. 
 
71 
 
 ATLANTA— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Atlanta Home, Atlanta Strip, Hillside, 
 Sparrow Hawk, Pactolion Fraction, Belle 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag, 
 minor U 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lincoln. 
 
 Mining district Atlanta. 
 
 Elevation 2,073 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 General location About 80 km northeast of Pioche. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 24, T 7 N, R 68 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°27'57" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°19'18" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Standard Slag Co., Reno, NV (1984). 
 
 Owner Bobcat Properties, Inc., Fort Lauderdale, FL (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated gold in shear-breccia zone. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal; open space filling 
 
 of breccia zone. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular (planet). 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, silicification, brecciation. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 5" E: 45" W. 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Tertiary. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions 
 (breccia zone), m: 
 
 Length 200. 
 
 Width 250. 
 
 Mineral names (Sold (microscopic), silver (microscopic), 
 
 limonite, quartz, mangemese oxides, jasperoid, hematite, barite, clay. 
 
 Host formation Ely Springs Dolomite (see comments). 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Dolomite, massive dolomite below ore 
 
 zone. 
 Jasperoid breccia, portions are ore. 
 Quartz porphyry, near ore, in places 
 
 contains low-grade gold. 
 Alteration Silicification, intense; kaolinitic 
 
 argillization; alunitization. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 14 km. 
 
 Road requirement Existing to site. 
 
 Distance to power supply. . . On-site, 26-km line. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active, producing. 
 
 Milling method Cyanide leach, countercurrent decan- 
 
 tation, Merrill-Crowe zinc precipi- 
 tation, smelting. 
 
 Process rate 520 t/d (570 ton/d). 
 
 Product type Bullion. 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; multiple bench. 
 
 Year of discovery About 1906; reactivated in 1974. 
 
 Initial production 1975 (Standard Slag). 
 
 Last production Ongoing 1984. 
 
 Past production May 1, 1975, to May 31, 1982: 
 
 2,500 kg (80,000 tr oz) Au, 
 
 12,000 kg (400,000 tr oz) Ag. 
 
 Estimated total ore milled is 
 
 860,000 t (.680). 
 Annual production rate. . Estimated 400 kg (13,000 tr oz) 
 
 Au and 2,000 kg (65,000 tr oz) 
 
 Ag (132). 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade Year Reference 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 1,100,000 tons 0.08 tr oz/ton Au; 1.6 tr oz/ton Ag 1980 61 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 61, 102, 132, 207, 265, 288, 289, 393, 412, 617, 678, 680, 723, 724. USGS quad maps Lund, 1:250,000. 
 
 Atlanta, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320170169. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M032067. 
 
 Mid number 2601143. 
 
 Comments: The Atlfuita ore body carries disseminated submicroscopic gold and uranium within a breccia zone consisting of brecciated fragments of limestone 
 (Ordovician-Ely Springs Dolomite), quartz porphyry, quartzite (Ordovician-Eureka Quartzite), volcanic rocks (possibly Tertiary-ignimbrites), 
 jasperoid. Breccia is cemented chiefly by quartz. The ore zone has been intruded by qusulz-porphyry and is bounded by 2 high-angle, west- 
 dipping normal faults. Tertiary volcanic ignimbrites form the hanging wall; the Ely Springs Dolomite forms the footwall. 
 
72 
 
 AURORA— GOLD 
 
 Patented claim names: Silver Lining Consolidated, Humboldt, 
 
 Humboldt W., Astor, Alice C. Dennis 
 Alternate names: Humboldt East Claims, Himiboldt West Claims 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 
 County Mineral. 
 
 Mining district Aurora. 
 
 Elevation 2,290 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 35 km north of Hawthorne. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 17, T 5 N, R 28 E. 
 
 38° 12 '23" N. 
 
 118°53'16" W. 
 
 Owner-lessee Electra North West Resources, Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada (1983). 
 
 Owner-lessee Centennial Minerals, Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada (1983). 
 
 Operator Centennial Exploration Corp. (1983). 
 
 (Portions of the property are leased from Hanna Mining Co. and from Houston International Minerals.) 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein. 
 
 C^gin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 40» E: 60 to 70» W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization ... 10 million yr. 
 
 Pit zone average 
 dimensions (1983 
 plan), m: 
 
 Length 490. 
 
 Width 60 to 120. 
 
 Depth 12 to 36. 
 
 Mineral names Native gold, quartz, sulfides (sparse) 
 
 (typical mineralogy of ore veins has been quartz, adularia, argenti- 
 ferous tetrahedrite, pyrite, ch^lcopyrite, and soft blue-gray material 
 containing gold, and native gold). 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Alteration (district) , 
 Size 
 
 Volcanics. 
 
 Tertiary. 
 
 Andesite, altered, encloses ore. 
 
 Quartz, vein encloses ore, vein is 
 
 ore. 
 Potassic, argillic, propylitic. 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer; developing. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery District discovery in 1860. 
 
 Discovery method Unknown. 
 
 Distance to water supply. 
 
 Initial production 
 Past production . . 
 
 June 1983 (planned). 
 
 The first dore was planned to be 
 poured in July 1983. Planned 
 production for 1983 was 77,000 t 
 containing about 300 kg gold. 
 Anticipated recovery was 70%. 
 Total waste production planned was 
 200,000 t (309). 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Mill location 
 
 Mill status 
 
 Milling method 
 
 Process rate . 
 Product type 
 
 900 m, from abandoned underground 
 
 workings. 
 No new access road required. 
 On-site diesel electric generation. 
 On-site. 
 Active-testing. 
 Test cyanide heap leach, adsorption- 
 
 desorption columns, electrolysis, 
 
 smelting. 
 90-t jaw and cone crusher, estimate 
 
 about 1,600 t/d and 196,000 t/a. 
 Gold dore. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 L.Probable and inferred 1,500,000 tons , 
 
 2..Not reported in reference 1,200,000 tons . 
 
 7, 90, 228, 309, 366, 444, 698. 
 
 0.129 tr oz/ton Au 1983 309 
 
 0.13 tr oz/ton Au; 0.30 tr oz/ton Ag 1982 444 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Walker Lake, 1:250,000. 
 
 Aurora, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320210544. 
 
 Mid number 2601790. 
 
 Comments: Ore body reflected in published reserves is reported to be open at depth and along strike. 
 
73 
 
 B & B— MERCURY 
 
 Alternate names: Chrysler, Kollsman Mine 
 
 Commodities: Hg, Sb 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Esmeralda. 
 
 Mining district Oneota (Fish Lake Valley). 
 
 Elevation 2,414 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 General location About 91 km west of Tonopah and 
 
 27 km northwest of Dyer. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 1, T 1 S, R 33 E. 
 
 Latitude 37°53'17" N. 
 
 Longitude 118°15'04" W. 
 
 Owner Robert W. Hughes Oocator), Las Vegas, NV (1982). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated; breccia fill. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting; lithology; bedding. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m 
 (estimated): 
 
 Length 600. 
 
 Width 300. 
 
 Thickness 15. 
 
 Mineral naunes Cinnabar, schuetteite, chalcedony, opal, 
 
 zeolites, alimite, kermesite. 
 
 Host formation Volcanics. 
 
 Geologic age Tertiary. 
 
 Rock relationships Opalite blsinket, encloses ore, 
 
 gangue. 
 Rhyolite tuff, lies under ore. 
 Andesite breccia, near ore. 
 
 Alteration Extensive silicification of 
 
 rhyolite tuffs. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface; underground. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; drift. 
 
 Year of discovery 1925. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1927. 
 
 Last production 1970. 
 
 Past production See comments. 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Dismantled. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 8, 29, 42, 103, 148, 276, 376. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Mariposa, 1:250,000. 
 
 Benton, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320090084. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M055003. 
 
 Comments: Published past production data are obscure and some production credited to the B & B Mine between 1957 and 1970 was taken from other 
 ore bodies netu-by. Mercury production from the district is probably about 8,000 flasks. The remaining reserves are low grade and Isu-ge tonnage. 
 
74 
 
 B & C SPRINGS— MOLYBDENUM 
 
 Alternate names: B C Project, B C Well, U.V. Industries Moly Prospect 
 
 Commodities: Mo, Cu, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Paradise Peak. 
 
 Elevation 2,140 m. 
 
 Topography Rolling. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 General location About 76 km northeast of Hawthorne. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 34, T 11 N, R 37 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°46'50" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°48'06" W. 
 
 Owner Sharon Steel Corp., Miami Beach, FL (1982). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated; fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal; contact metasomatic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular; tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology; igneous. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 15° E: 06° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,195. 
 
 Width 465. 
 
 Thickness 51. 
 
 Depth 172. 
 
 Mineral names Molybdenite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, 
 
 tetrahedrite, sphalerite, covellite, magnetite, calcite, dolomite, quartz. 
 
 Host formation Luning. 
 
 Geologic age Upper Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Limestone, is ore, encloses ore. 
 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-explored prospect. 
 
 Year of discovery 1968. 
 
 Discovery method Geophysical anomaly. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement <60 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <60 km. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 CloBS Quantity Grade Year Reference 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 131,000,000 t 0.12% Mo 1983 710 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 11, 29, 166, 196, 367, 368, 433, 626, 646, 710, 750, 768, 827, 828, 837. 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:260,000. 
 
 Paradise Peak, 7.6'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320230678. 
 
75 
 
 BALD MOUNTAIN— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: BF Claim Group, Top Group 
 
 Commodities: Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County White Pine. 
 
 Mining district Bald Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 2,440 m. 
 
 Topography Mountainous. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 130 km northwest of Ely. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sees. 16, 17, 18, T 24 N, R 57 E 
 
 (unsurveyed). 
 
 Latitude 39''57'55" N. 
 
 Longitude 115''34'31" W. 
 
 Owner-operator 
 
 Placer U.S., Inc., San Francisco, CA (subsidiary of Placer Development Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada), 
 76% ownership (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated. 
 
 O^gin Probably hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Unknown. 
 
 Faulting, lithology. 
 Northwest: 10" to 20° E. 
 
 District ore controls 
 Strike and dip of 
 
 district rocks. 
 Mineralized zone devel- 
 opment dimensions, m: 
 
 Area 1 Area 3 Area 5 Top area 
 
 Length 600 600 600 760 
 
 Width 600 460 300 760 
 
 Mineral names Unavailable 
 
 (Known district minerals include quartz, jasper, pyrite, calcite, stib- 
 nite, malachite, chrysocolla, cerussite, powellite, molybdenite.) 
 
 Host formation Unknown. 
 
 Geologic age Unknown. 
 
 Rock relationships Limey shales, surface, at drill 
 
 roads. 
 Limestone, surface, at drill roads. 
 Size Small. 
 
 NOTE: Past district gold production came from veinlike replace- 
 ment deposits in breccia zones (some jasperoid) along northwest-, 
 northeast-, or north-striking faults in limestone; northwest- or west- 
 striking quartz veins in quartz monzonite porphyry, and valley placers. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-testing; exploration; development. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Conventional open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery Exploration since 1975. 
 
 Discovery method (jieochemical; drilling. 
 
 Initial production 1983 (initial testing). 
 
 Last production Ongoing. 
 
 Past production For 2 months, 109 kg (3,500 tr oz) Au was 
 
 produced from 60,000 t of ore during test 
 heap leaching (1983) (499). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site; deep well. 
 
 Road requirement Access— 13 km improvement; 3 km new. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Unknown. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Construction. 
 
 Milling method Conventional cyanide heap leach- 
 study ongoing whether carbon- 
 adsorption or zinc precipitation for gold 
 recovery. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 1 . .Reserves indicated 1,600,000 t 
 
 2 . . Not reported in reference' 200,000 tons . 
 
 3 . . Indicated and inferred 2,800,000 tons . 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 3.43 g/t Au 1981 563 
 
 0.10 tr oz/ton Au 1983 495 
 
 0.09 tr oz/ton Au 1984 499 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 58, 284, 496, 499, 663, 577, 587, 618, 786. USGS quad maps Ely, 1:250,000. 
 
 Cold Creek Ranch, 16'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320330503. 
 
 Comments: In 1983, mining of 230,000 1 of ore from Area 6 at the rate of 1,800 t/d began for test heap leaching. Tests were scheduled to begin in September 
 1983 and end in June 1984. Intensive ongoing exploration in 1983 was defining reserves in the 3 other adjacent eu-eas. Reserves are contained 
 in 6 deposits. 
 
 'This resource was described as minable reserves for test work. 
 
76 
 
 BASIC, INC.— MAGNESITE 
 
 Alternate names: Gabbs 
 
 Commodities: MgO 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Gabbs. 
 
 Elevation 1,646 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Private; BLM administered. 
 
 Owner C-E Basic, Gabbs, NV (1984). 
 
 IVpe of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Otigin Metaunorphism; hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular; massive. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,520. 
 
 Width 1,000. 
 
 Thickness 60. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Magnesite, brucite. 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of Operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1927. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1941. 
 
 Last production 1984. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 General location About 74 km northetist of Hawthorne. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 26, T 12 N, R 36 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°52'11" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°53'50" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Luning. 
 
 Geologic age Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Limestone, lies imder ore. 
 
 Shale, lies under ore. 
 
 Dolomite, replaced by ore, 
 gangue. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Crushing, heavy media, flotation, 
 
 calcining. 
 
 Process rate 2,000 t/d. 
 
 Product type Refractory magnesia. 
 
 Distance shipped 46 km. 
 
 Destination Luning, NV, for transshipment. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 l..Mea8ured 27,000,000 tons . 
 
 2.. Do 18,000,000 tons . 
 
 3.. Do 7,000,000 tons , 
 
 4..Indicated 2,000,000 tons . 
 
 5.. Do 100,000 tons, 
 
 212, 273, 357, 368, 609, 688, 699, 733, 749. 
 
 Magnesite containing <5% CaO 1956 
 
 Magnesite containing 5% to 26% CaO 1966 
 
 Magnesite containing >26% CaO 1956 
 
 Magnesite containing <5% CaO 1956 
 
 Magnesite containing 5% to 26% CaO 1956 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 Paradise Peak, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230168. 
 
 Mid number 2600864. 
 
 749 
 749 
 749 
 749 
 749 
 
« M Wi W Ml 
 
 77 
 
 BATTLE MOUNTAIN COPPER BASIN— COPPER 
 
 Alternate names: Copper Basin Mine-Duval Corp. 
 
 Commodities: Cu, Ag, Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Mining district Battle Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 1,615 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 10 km southwest of Battle 
 
 Mountain. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 32, T 32 N, R 44 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°36'12" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°02'50" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Duval Corp., Tucson, AZ (subsidiary of Pennzoil Co., Houston, TX) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated; stockwork. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal; oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous; fracturing. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,000. 
 
 Width 600. 
 
 Thickness 30. 
 
 Depth 75. 
 
 Mineral names Malachite, chrysocolla, cuprite. 
 
 Current status Active-standby. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Bench (berm). 
 
 Year of discovery <1869. 
 
 Discovery method Ore in place. 
 
 Initial production 1897. 
 
 Last production Possibly 1981. 
 
 Host formation Igneous intrusive. 
 
 Geologic age Upper Cretaceous. 
 
 Rock relationships Quartz monzonite, ore in fractures, 
 
 gangue. 
 Conglomerate, gangue. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply 
 
 <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <50 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active, standby. 
 
 Milling method Solvent extraction; electrowinning. 
 
 Process rate 5,170-t/a (18-t/d) output capacity. 
 
 Product type Cathode quality copper. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 L.Measured 948,000 tons 
 
 2. .Not reported in reference 3,066,000 tons (mill) . 
 
 22,657,000 tons 
 (leach). 
 
 144, 220, 591, 606, 641, 648, 693, 705, 707, 708, 717, 742. 
 
 1.49% Cu; 0.027 tr oz/ton Au; 0.39 tr oz/ton Ag 1978 707 
 
 1.75% Cu (sulfide) 1968 606 
 
 0.41% Cu (oxide) 1968 606 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000 
 
 Antler Peak, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320150003. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030001. 
 
 Mid number 2600220. 
 
78 
 
 BATTLE MOUNTAIN COPPER CANYON— GOLD 
 
 Alternate neunes: Copper Canyon Mine 
 
 Ore body names: Northeast, Tomboy, Minnie, Fortitude 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag (Cu 
 formerly produced from 
 ac(jacent pit) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Mining district Battle Mountain 
 
 Elevation 1,700 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Private; public-BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 20 km southwest of Battle 
 
 Mountain. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 34, T 31 N, R 43 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°31'12" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°07'13" W. 
 
 Owner-operator 
 
 Duval Corp., Tucson, AZ (subsidiary of Pennzoil Co., Houston, TX) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 TVpe of ore body Stockwork (Fortitude ore body). 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic, replacement. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faults; fractures. 
 
 Strike and dip of North: vertical. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Middle Tertiary (37 million yr). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m 
 (estimated): 
 
 Length 520. 
 
 Width 340. 
 
 Thickness 120. 
 
 Depth 75. 
 
 Mineral names Free gold, silver, pyrrhotite, pyrite, 
 
 "soluble" copper. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 (jleologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Size 
 
 Battle. 
 
 Pennsylvanian. 
 
 Unav£iilable. 
 
 Silicification. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer, development. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1981 (announced— Fortitude). 
 
 Discovery method Geologic inference, geochemical 
 
 sampling; drilling. 
 
 Initial production Dec. 1984 from Fortitude ore body. 
 
 Annual production rate . Reported 1983 mill expansion will enable 
 comptmy to produce 4.7 t Au and 46.7 t Ag during 1985, when pro- 
 duction from the Fortitude ore body comes on-stream; currently about 
 36,000 t/d ore produced. 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km, wells in Reese Valley. 
 
 Road requirement Existing. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Existing, 5 km. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active-producing, expansion. 
 
 Milling method Gravity (20%)— tabled, amalgamated, 
 
 retorted. 
 Cyanide agitated tank leach (80%)— 
 
 carbon-in-pulp, electrolysis, smelting. 
 
 Process rate 3,200 to 3,400 t/d (1982). 
 
 Product type Dore bullion bars, 95% to 96% Au-Ag. 
 
 Destination Engelhard Industries, Union City and 
 
 Anaheim, CA. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 Minnie and Tomboy: 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 3,900,000 tons . 
 
 Fortitude: 
 
 L.Proven and probable 16,000,000 tons , 
 
 2..Not reported in reference 14,500,000 
 
 3.. Do 15,000,000 tons . 
 
 0.09 tr oz/ton Au; 0.28 tr oz/ton Ag 1981 164 
 
 0.15 tr oz/ton Au; 0.57 tr oz/ton Ag 1981 164 
 
 4.8 g/t Au; 18 g/t Ag 1983 435 
 
 2,400,000 tr oz Au; 9,200,000 tr oz Ag 1984 400 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 13, 33, 34, 35, 54, 55, 56, 57, 88, 89, 90, 141, 142, 143, 144, 
 149, 151, 164, 224, 317, 328, 378, 381, 391, 412, 434, 435, 437, 438, 
 465, 484, 500, 558, 588, 590, 591, 605, 606, 608, 641, 693, 706, 707, 
 709, 711, 712, 742, 817, 818, 820, 825, 838. 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Antler Peak, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320150631. 
 
 Mid number 260550. 
 
 Comments: Production began in 1967 as a copper property. Operations shifted about 1978 to adjacent gold-silver ore bodies when copper prices declined 
 and precious metal prices climbed. The existing flotation mill was converted to precious metal recovery. Of 4 separate gold ore bodies, the 
 Minnie and Tomboy were mined initially and are essentially depleted. The Fortitude ore body, described above, is the largest with development 
 completed in 1984. The mill expansion to handle Fortitude ore will enable Duval to produce 4.7 t (150,000 tr oz) Au and 46.7 t (1.5 million 
 tr oz) Ag during 1985 (434). 
 
79 
 
 BEAR— COPPER 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Conunodities: Cu, Mo, Au, 
 Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lyon. 
 
 Mining district Mason Valley. 
 
 Elevation 1,329 m. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 64 km southeast of Carson City. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 4, T 13 N, R 25 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°00'47" N. 
 
 Longitude 119°11'24" W. 
 
 Owner The Anaconda Minerals Co., Denver, CO (subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield Co., Denver, CO) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement; disseminated. 
 
 Ci-igin Hydrothermal; oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Unknown. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous; contact zone; faulting. 
 
 Mineral names Chalcopyrite, pyrite, bomite, 
 
 molybdenite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored prospect. 
 
 Type of operation Prospect. 
 
 Year of discovery 1961. 
 
 Discovery method Auxiliary mineral in place. 
 
 Host formation Porphjrry dikes. 
 
 Geologic age Tertiary. 
 
 Rock relationships QuEirtz monzonite, encloses ore, gang^e. 
 
 Granodiorite, near ore. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply ... <10 km. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 500,000,000 tons . . 
 
 453, 695, 822, 829. 
 
 Grade Year 
 
 0.40% Cu 1979 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 Wabuska, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320190171. 
 
 Reference 
 829 
 
 Comments: The deposit does not outcrop and is deeply buried. 
 
80 
 
 BELL MOUNTAIN— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Churchill. 
 
 Mining district Fairview. 
 
 Elevation 1,810 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 60 km southeast of Fallon. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 10, T 15 N, R 34 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°10'45" N. 
 
 Longitude 118°07'59" W. 
 
 Owner Nevada Silver, Inc. (subsidiary of American Pyramid Resources, Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada), 100% 
 
 (1982). 
 Owner-operator Southern Pacific Land Co. (if option agreement met in 1984, will own 66.6% of the property and will 
 
 become the operator) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Vein; brecciated, sheared. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing; faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 90° W: 45° S (Main Vein), 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length >1,600 (reserves developed on 300 m). 
 
 Width . >115 (downdip). 
 
 Thickness 10 to 18. 
 
 Mineral names Possible electrum and argentite, 
 
 native silver, cerargyrite, possible acanthite, yellow-gray chlorides, 
 manganiferous calcite, ocherous limonite, quartz, adularia, barite, 
 fluorspar, rhodochrosite, montmorillonite. 
 
 Host formation Undifferentiated volcanics. 
 
 Geologic age Tertieiry (Miocene). 
 
 Rock relationships Rhyolite pyroclastics, encloses ore 
 
 (vein). 
 Tuff, air fall, encloses ore (vein). 
 Basalt dikes, near ore. 
 Calcite-quartz vein, contains ore. 
 
 Alteration Broad silicification, chloritization, 
 
 and eirgillization with seritization 
 close to walls of vein; oxidation. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Cxirrent status Active-development; exploration. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open-pit; on 5-m benches. 
 
 Year of discovery Unavailable. 
 
 Discovery method Unvailable. 
 
 Initial production 1927. 
 
 Past production 35 t ore; 17 g/t (0.5 tr oz/ton) Au; 
 
 562 g/t (16.4 tr oz/ton) Ag. 
 Annual production rate Anticipate 1.43 t Au; 37.5 t Ag 
 
 (recovery from proven reserves). 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 12 km pipeline from well at 
 
 Stingaree Flat. 
 
 Road requirement 12 km to U.S. Highway 50. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site caterpillar diesels. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Development. 
 
 Milling method Tank cyanidation (CCD); zinc 
 
 precipitation, smelting. 
 
 Process rate 650 t/d (1982 preliminary). 
 
 Product tjfpe Dore bullion (Ag-Au 30:1). 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVESRESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 1.. Proven 1,000,000 t 
 
 2. .Not reported in reference 1,500,000 to 
 
 2,000,000 t. 
 
 3..Proven 1,000,000 tons , 
 
 Probable 1,000,000 tons , 
 
 Possible 500,000 tons , 
 
 1.5 g/t Au; 50 g/t Ag (Main Vein) 1982 40 
 
 4.2 g/t Au; 100 g/t Ag (Zphinz Zone); 1982 71 
 grade based on assay of first crosscut. 
 
 0.055 tr oz/ton Au; 1.4 tr oz/ton Ag 1984 208 
 
 0.022 tr oz/ton Au; 1.0 tr oz/ton Ag 1984 208 
 
 0.14 tr oz/ton Au; 3.3 tr oz/ton Ag (Zphinz Zone) 1984 208 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 Bell Canyon, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320010050. 
 
 Mid number 2601775. 
 
 Comments: Sulfides and sulfosalts have been completely leached from the vein. Origined ore minerals were electrum and argentite. Zphinz Zone was discovered 
 as a cross structure of Main Vein in about 1982. Large reserves of low-grade 'ore* reported as extensions of Main Vein. Recent discovery of 
 ore in the Zphinz Zone could alter original development plans. 
 
 40, 71, 84, 208, 224, 802. 
 
81 
 
 BIG LEDGE— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaS04 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSmP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Snake Mountains. 
 
 Elevation 2,440 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private leetses and unpat- 
 ented claims on public lands 
 administered by BLM. 
 
 Owner Mary's River Ranch (1983). 
 
 Operator Chromalloy American Corp., St. Louis, MO (1983). 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 53 km northwest of Wells. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 27, T 42 N, R 61 E. 
 
 41°29'57" N. 
 
 115°03'02" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation; hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular; irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding; lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 15° to 45° E: 30° to 45° NW. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Minertilized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 380. 
 
 Width 105. 
 
 Thickness 30. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size 
 
 Valmy. 
 
 Ordovician, 
 
 Chert, lies along ore, encloses ore. 
 
 Shale, lies along ore, encloses ore. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Type of operation Possible surface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1978. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . Unknown. 
 
 Road requirement <50 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 77, 95, 123, 205, 226, 278, 546, 669, 716, 775, 778. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Wells, 1:250,000. 
 Black Butte NE, 7.5'. 
 0320070904. 
 
82 
 
 BISONI— FLUORINE 
 
 Alternate names: Bisoni Fluorite, Fish Creek 
 
 Commodities: CaF„ Zn, 
 Be 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Fish Creek. 
 
 Elevation 2,316 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domsun BLM administered. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Maynard and Lester Bisoni (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size 
 
 TVpe of ore body Disseminated; replacement; fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular; massive. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology; bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 45° W: 5° S. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,200. 
 
 Width 790. 
 
 Thickness 98. 
 
 Depth 34. 
 
 Mineral names Fluorite, quartz, calcite, limonite, 
 
 sphalerite, beryl, hematite, muscovite, scheelite, molybdenite, sericite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored prospect. Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Year of discovery 1960. Distance to power supply . 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 About 15 km southwest of Eureka. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 23, T 18 N, R 52 E. 
 
 39''26'12" N. 
 
 116'>05'17" W. 
 
 Antelope Valley Limestone. 
 Middle Ordovician. 
 Limestone, ore in fractures. 
 Limestone, encloses ore. 
 Large. 
 
 <10km. 
 <50km. 
 <60 km. 
 
 275, 281, 645, 593. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Millet, 1:250,000. 
 Bellevue Peak, 15'. 
 0320110195. 
 
83 
 
 BLOODY CANYON— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: Red Star, Hutton 
 
 Commodities: Sb, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSmP 
 
 County Pershing. 
 
 Mining district Star. 
 
 Elevation 1,976 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 General location About 16 km south of Imlay. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 36, T 31 N, R 34 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°31'02" N. 
 
 Longitude IIS'OS'OS" W. 
 
 Owner Hybert L. Neal (1960). 
 
 Operator Metro-dyne International, Inc., Oreana, NV (1970). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting; fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of 
 mineralized zone: 
 
 West Vein N 10° W: 80° to 85° E. 
 
 East Vein N 10° to 26° B: 80° to 86° E. 
 
 Mineralized vein aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 100. 
 
 Width 60. 
 
 Thickness 1. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Stibnite, pyrite. 
 
 Host formation Koipato. 
 
 Geologic age Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Rhyolite, encloses ore. 
 
 Limestone, near ore. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 kni. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 IVpe of operation Underground. 
 
 Year of discovery 1868. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1907. 
 
 Last production 1942. 
 
 Past production 100 t metal (376). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 74. 329, 376. USGS quad maps Lovelock, 1:260,000. 
 
 Imlay, 16'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320270294. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M060338. 
 
 Comments: The Bloody Canyon is reported to be second only to the Sutherland Mine in antimony production; principal periods of production were in 
 1907 and 1917-21. 
 
84 
 
 BLUE STAR— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Number 8, South Pit, East Pit, North Pit 
 
 Commodities: Au, 
 turquoise 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSmP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Lynn. 
 
 Elevation 1,830 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 43 km northwest of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 4, T 35 N, R 50 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°56'35" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°21'38" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Carlin Gold Mining Co., Carlin, NV (subsidiary of Newmont Mining Corp., New York, NY) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular in plan. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting; fracturing; lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of Northwest: unknown, 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Miocene (37.5 million yr). 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 365. 
 
 Width 200. 
 
 Thickness 90. 
 
 Mineral names Quartz, clays, sericite, kaolinite, 
 
 calcite, barite, pyrite, realgar, orpiment, stibnite, cinnabar, 
 native gold, turquoise, chrysocolla, malachite, euchroite, 
 montmorillonite, sphalerite. 
 
 Host formation 
 
 . . . . Vinini (in upper plate of Roberts 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships 
 
 Mountains Thrust Fault). 
 . . . . Ordovician. 
 . . . . Sandy siltstone, ore in fractures, 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Size 
 
 gangue, most favored host. 
 Cherty shale, adjacent to ore. 
 Quartzite sandstone, contains some 
 
 ore. 
 Limestone, dolomitic limestone, 
 
 sandy calcareous siltstone, beneath 
 
 ore. 
 Dacite porphyry dikes, near ore. 
 Quartz diorite plug, about 3 km 
 
 north. 
 Jasperoid, near ore. 
 
 Silicification, sericitic kaolinitic 
 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer (intermittent). 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; bench. Mining by Carlin 
 
 Gold Mining Co. began in 1974 and 
 
 consists of 3 pits. 
 
 Year of discovery 1959 (first claimed for turquoise 
 
 in 1929). 
 Discovery method Unknown. 
 
 Initial production 1975. 
 
 Last production Ongoing 1983. 
 
 Past production About 124 kg (4,000 tr oz) in 1980 
 
 (132). 
 
 Road requirement 8-km access road to Carlin Mine 
 
 built in 1974. 
 Mill location Mill grade trucked 8 km to Carlin 
 
 mill. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Agitated cyanide leach, CCD; 
 
 oxidation-chlorination pretreatment 
 
 for carbonaceous ore; CCD wash; 
 
 Merrill-Crowe zinc precipitation, 
 
 smelting. 
 Product tjrpe Dore bars, weighing about 34 kg. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade Year Reference 
 
 l..Not reported in reference' 1,800,000 tons 0.12 tr oz/ton Au 1974 517 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 59, 61, 90, 132, 182, 183, 319, 398, 458, 505, 517, USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 570, 593, 616. Rodeo Creek NE, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110166. 
 
 Mid number 2600500. 
 
 Comments: This property was initially developed for its high-quality turquoise. In 1968, Newmont Mining Corp. acquired property and subsequent 
 drilling defined 3 ore bodies (South, East, North) with reserves described above. 
 
 'Resource referred to £is reserves. 
 
85 
 
 BOOTSTRAP— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Bootstrap Mine Dump 
 
 Commodities: Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County 
 
 Mining district 
 
 Elevation 
 
 Topography . . . 
 Domain 
 
 Elko. 
 Bootstrap. 
 1,750 m. 
 Rolling hills. 
 Private. 
 
 General location About 56 km northwest of Ceirlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 10, T 36 N, R 49 E. 
 
 Latitude 41°01'08" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°24'58" W. 
 
 Owner-operator 
 
 Ceirlin Gold Mining Co., Ceirlin, NV (subsidiary of Newmont Mining Corp., New York, NY) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Vinini (upper plate of Roberts 
 
 Mountains Thrust Fault). 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Brecciated limestone, contains ore 
 
 in fractures. 
 Siltstone, contains ore in fractures. 
 Porphyry dikes, contains ore in 
 
 fractures. 
 Jasperoid, jasperoid breccia, near 
 ore. 
 
 Alteration Argillic, silicification. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 Type of ore body 
 
 Disseminiated. 
 
 Origin 
 
 Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body 
 
 . Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls 
 
 Faulting, fracturing, lithology 
 N 70° E. 
 
 Strike of mineralized 
 
 zone. 
 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 
 
 age dimensions, m 
 
 
 (estimated): 
 
 
 Length 
 
 . 400. 
 
 Width 
 
 . 180. 
 
 Mineral names 
 
 Undetermined. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status . . . 
 Type of operation 
 Mining method . . 
 
 Year of discovery 
 Discovery method 
 Initial production 
 
 Last production 
 
 Past production 
 
 Annual production rate 
 
 Active, producing. 
 
 Surface, low-grade dump leach. 
 
 Open pit (inactive-ore body 
 
 depleted). Mining began by 
 
 Carlin Mining Co. in 1973. 
 
 About 1940; Newmont made additional 
 
 discoveries in early 1970'b. 
 Surface sampling, drilling. 
 
 Late 1950'8 or early I960's; 
 
 Carlin in 1975. Present dump 
 
 leach began in 1979. 
 From open pit in 1978. Leach 
 
 dump to produce until end of 1985 
 
 or 1986. 
 104.5 kg Au (1983) (511). About 
 
 820,000 t, 0.86 g/t Au ore has 
 
 been treated into mid-1984. 
 About 200 kg Au at peak, less 
 
 currently. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site wells. 
 
 Road requiiement Existing, 19-km access road built to 
 
 Carlin Mine. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site diesel electric generation. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Dump cyanide heap leach, carbon 
 
 adsorption. 
 
 F*rocess rate 200,000 t/a ore, at 54% Au recovery. 
 
 Product type Gold-loaded carbon in drums. 
 
 Distance shipped 19 km. 
 
 Destination Carlin mill at Carlin Mine for fur- 
 ther processing by caustic-cyanide 
 solution, strip solution, electro- 
 winning on steel wool and smelted 
 to dore products. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 l,.Not reported in reference . 
 2..Proven 
 
 Quantity 
 2,100,000 tons . . 
 <1,000,000 tons . 
 
 Year Reference 
 1974 510 
 
 1979 378 
 
 83, 186, 226, 319, 378, 398, 412, 606, 606, 610, 
 611, 689, 616, 669. 
 
 Grade 
 
 About 0.16 tr oz/ton Au (includes Carlin's 
 Blue Star Mine 1974 unmined reserves). 
 
 0.044 tr oz/ton Au (0.028 to 0.063 tr oz/ton; 
 low-grade material stockpiled from previous 
 mining operation). 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:260,000. 
 
 Santa Renia Field, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070349. 
 
 Mid number 2600601. 
 
 Comments: About 800,000 t of low-grade material containing 0.96 g/t was stockpiled for leaching from previous mining. Heap leaching of this 
 material continues after construction of dump leach facility in 1978. 
 
86 
 
 BOREALiS— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Jaunies Ridge,* East Ridge Project 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag, Hg 
 (byproduct mercury) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Mineral. 
 
 Mining district Aurora. 
 
 Elevation 2,195 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 General location About 24 km southwest of Hawthorne. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 17, T 6 N, R 29 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°22'57" N. 
 
 Longitude 118''45'36" W. 
 
 Owner Houston International Minerals Corp. (HIMCO), Denver, CO (subsidiary of Tenneco, Inc.) (1983). 
 
 Operator W. E. Vining Co. (contractor), Carson City, NV (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Breccia fill; stratiform; disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Lenticular (flattened football). 
 
 Ore controls Faults; lithology; fractures; hot 
 
 springs vents. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 55 °E: relatively flat. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization ... 5 to 12 million yr, possibly Pliocene. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 370. 
 
 Width 152. 
 
 Thickness 60. 
 
 Mineral names Quartz, hematite, montmorillonite, 
 
 chlorite, calcite, pyrite, barite, kaolinite, alunite. 
 
 Host formation Esmeralda, Volcanics. 
 
 Geologic age Miocene. 
 
 Rock relationships Silicified andesite breccia, is ore. 
 
 Sponge rock (altered tufD, is ore. 
 Andesite flows and breccia, lies 
 
 under ore. 
 Andesite and ash flow tuff, lies 
 along ore. 
 
 Alteration Potassic, silicification, oxidation 
 
 (ore zone), argillic, kaolin, 
 propylitic (country rock). 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open-pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1977 (HIMCO began exploration). 
 
 Discovery method Geochemical anomaly. 
 
 Initial production 1981. 
 
 Last production .' Ongoing. 
 
 Annual production rate . About 544,000 t ore planned, 
 
 about 934 kg combined Au and Ag, 
 about 870 kg (28,000 tr oz) Au. 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 5 km (wells to plan site tanks). 
 
 Road requirement 0.5 km new plant access. 
 
 Distance to power supply ... 11 km. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Agglomeration, cyanide heap leach- 
 ing, Merrill-Crowe zinc precipi- 
 tation. 
 
 Process rate Crusher, 2,270 t/d. 
 
 Process type 34-kg dore buttons. 
 
 Destination By air to Reno, NV, then shipped to 
 
 Handy & Harmon, Attleboro, MA. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 L.Identified 2,500,000 to 
 
 3,000,000 tons. 
 
 73, 196, 209, 228, 287, 356, 378, 380, 383, 485, 
 488, 512, 598, 651, 688, 696, 766. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 0.08 tr oz/ton Au; 0.62 tr oz/ton Ag 1981 383 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Walker Lake, 1:250,000. 
 
 Aiu-ora 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320210463. 
 
 Mid number 2601655. 
 
 •Jamies Ridge is another discrete ore body discovered in 1982, 6 km northeast of Borealis deposit. This 250-m by 100-m by 30-m-thick deposit was placed 
 in production in April 1983 for about 7 months of mining to depletion. Production: first exploited in 1906 and again in the late 1950's; no records available. 
 
87 
 
 BOULDER CITY-MANGANESE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Mn 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Clark. 
 
 Mining district Las Vegas. 
 
 Elevation 671 m. 
 
 Topography Rolling. 
 
 Domain Municipality. 
 
 Owner City of Boulder City, NV (1980). 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal; sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding; lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of East-west: 4 ° S. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,158. 
 
 Width 716. 
 
 Thickness 18. 
 
 Depth 7. 
 
 Mineral names Wad. 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Type of operation Possible surface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1941. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 General location About 39 km southeast of Las Vegas. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 23, T 23 S, R 64 E. 
 
 Latitude 35°56'45" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°47'23" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Muddy Creek. 
 
 Geologic age Miocene. 
 
 Rock relationships Gypsiferous sandstone, encloses ore, 
 
 lies over and under ore. 
 
 Tuff, lies over and under ore. 
 
 Gravel, lies over ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location 
 
 <10 km. 
 None. 
 <10km. 
 No mill. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES' 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 L.Indicated 1,000,000 tons . 
 
 2.. Do 3.000,000 tons . 
 
 3.. Do 6,000,000 tons . 
 
 4.. Do 15,000,000 tons , 
 
 Grade 
 
 36, 41, 267, 354, 386, 407, 547, 721, 733, 844. 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 Average: 7.5% Mn; cutoff: 5% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 4.5% Mn; cutoff: 3% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 4.0% Mn; cutoff: 2% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 3.0% Mn; cutoff: 1% Mn 1949 407 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Kingman, 1:250,000. 
 
 Boulder City, 7.5'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320030322. 
 
 'Tonnages are cumulative and rounded to nearest million. 
 
88 
 
 BRAY-BEULAH— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: Beulah, Genesee, Aberasturi 
 
 Commodities: Sb, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Mining district Big Creek. 
 
 Elevation 2,804 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 22 km south of Austin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 27, T 17 N, R 43 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°18'26" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°07'52" W. 
 
 Owner. 
 
 Mary J. Bray (Beulah Claim), James O. Holmes (Genesee Claim) (1963). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 30° W: 45° to 85° SW. 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Thickness 1. 
 
 Mineral names Stibnite, pyrite, graphite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Year of discovery 1864. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1891. 
 
 Past production >908 t Sb metal (376). 
 
 Host formation Valmy. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationship Siliceous slate, encloses ore. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <50 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 376, 693. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVESRESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Millett, 1:250,000. 
 
 Austin, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320150192. 
 
 Comments: The Bray-Beulah is reported to be the third largest antimony producer in Nevada. 
 
89 
 
 BUCKHORN— GOLD 
 
 Associated names: Barbi Lake Copper Mines, North Buckhom, 
 South Buckhom, North Aspen, South Aspen 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 (Au-Ag ratio = 1:15) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Buckhom. 
 
 Elevation 2,100 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 90 km southwest of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sees. 30, 31, T 27 N, R 49 E. 
 
 Latitude 40n0'53'' N. 
 
 Longitude 116''29'33" W. 
 
 Owner. 
 
 Cominco American, Inc., Spokane, WA (76%), and Pembina International Corp., Calgary, AB, Canada, combined 
 will manage the operation. Pembina, as a minority partner, will put up a share of the development money for an 
 identical profit sharing percentage (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Breccia (fault); vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal; oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular; pods. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting; igneous; lithology (breccia). 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Pliocene (14.6 million yr). 
 Pit average dimensions, 
 m (estimated): 
 
 North Buckhom South Buckhom 
 
 Length 400 360 
 
 Width 340 230 
 
 Mineral names Native gold and silver, pyrite 
 
 (argentiferous and auriferous), limonite, marcasite, adularia, 
 kaolinite, montmorillonite. 
 
 Host formation Undifferentiated basaltic andesite 
 
 flows. 
 
 Geologic age Pliocene 
 
 Rock relationships Shale and siltstone, encloses ore. 
 
 Basaltic andesitic flows, lies 
 
 above ore. 
 Gravels and conglomerates, lies 
 
 beneath ore (Tertiary). 
 Breccia, silicified, in places is 
 ore. 
 
 Alteration Argillic, kaolinization. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producing. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; about 1,191,000 t/a 
 
 ore (1,034,000 t waste and 
 subgrade) over 4 yr. 
 
 Year of discovery 1908. 
 
 Discovery method Surface prospecting. 
 
 Initial production Early 1984 (for Cominco). 
 
 Past production Operations through 1950 yielded 
 
 about 1,200 kg Au and 10,000 kg 
 Ag; mining and milling beginning 
 in 1979 yielded about 470 kg/a Au 
 a32). 
 
 Annual production rate . Producing about 934 kg Au and 
 8,400 kg Ag. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site, <1 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Unavailable. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Development. 
 
 Milling method Agglomeration, cyanide heap leach, 
 
 Merrill-Crowe zinc precipitation, 
 
 smelting. 
 Process rate 680,000 t/a; crusher, 259 t/h 
 
 (285 ton/h). 
 Product type Probably dore. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 L.Not reported in reference £,000,000 tons . 
 
 132, 135, 452, 593, 594, 675, 769, 779, 780, 781, 782, 
 784, 787, 833. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 0.044 tr oz/ton Au; 0.583 tr oz/ton Ag 1983 769 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 US(jS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Horse Creek Valley, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110167. 
 
 USGS MRDS number W016362. 
 
 Mid number 2600785. 
 
 Comments: Buckhom Mine consists of at least 2 ore bodies. Current plans are to operate 2 separate open pits, the North Buckhom and the South Buckhom. 
 Ore occurs within 60 m of surface. Ore is within oxide and sulfide zones. Company projected mine life from 1984 is 4 yr; mill, 7 yr. 
 
90 
 
 BUCKINGHAM— MOLYBDENUM 
 
 Alternate names: AMAX Molybdenum Deposit, Rocky Mountain Energy Moly Deposit Commodities: Mo, Ag, Cu, 
 
 W 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lander. General location About 11 km southwest of Battle 
 
 Mining district Battle Mountain. Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 1,798 m. Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Topography Rugged. Tract Sec. 30, T 32 N, R 44 E. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered Latitude 40°36'56" N. 
 
 Longitude 117''03'42" W 
 
 Owner AMAX, Inc., Denver, CO (33%); Rocky Mountain Energy Co., Broomfield, CO (Union Pacific Corp.) (1984). 
 
 Operator AMAX, Inc. (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Stockwork; disseminated. Host formation Widely varying lithologies. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal; contact metasomatic. Geologic age Cambrian; Tertiary. 
 
 Shape of ore body Massive; irregular. Size Large. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous; fracturing. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 2,000. 
 
 Width 1,200. 
 
 Thickness 640. 
 
 Mineral names Pyrite, molybdenite, pyrrhotite, 
 
 chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, arsenopyrite, bismuthinite, 
 freibergite, tetrahedrite, quartz, scheelite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-explored prospect. Distance to water supply . . . Undetermined. 
 
 Type of operation Prospect. Road requirement Undetermined. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Undetermined. 
 
 Year of discovery Undetermined. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Orade Year Reference 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 907,000,000 tons 0.06% Mo 1982 701 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 66, 381, 688, 690, 691, 592, 606, 606, 610, 693, USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:260,000. 
 
 701, 706, 712, 717, 742, 794, 803, 813, 837. Antler Peak, 16'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320150108. 
 
 Comments: Ore largely in fractures in homfels and queulzites of the Harmony Formation (Cambrian). 
 
91 
 
 BUENA VISTA— IRON 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Fe 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Churchill. 
 
 Mining district Mineral Basin. 
 
 Elevation 1,341 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 36 km southwest of Lovelock. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 4, T 24 N, R 34 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°58'25" N. 
 
 Longitude 118°09'55" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Southern Pacific Co., San Francisco, CA; U.S. Steel Corp., Salt Lake City, UT (1975). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, breccia fill, disseminated. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, irregular, pipelike. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous, faulting. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 3,353. 
 
 Width 914. 
 
 Thickness 137. 
 
 Mineral names Magnetite, hematite, scapolite, 
 
 chlorite, calcite, quartz, apatite, sphene, hornblende. 
 
 Host formation Leach. 
 
 Geologic age Pennsylvanian. 
 
 Rock relationships Lamprophyre, lies along ore, near ore. 
 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1962. 
 
 Last production 1960. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 l..Mea8ured> 18,000,000 long tons . 
 
 2..Indicated' 3,000,000 long tons . 
 
 3..Measured* 5,000,000 long tons . 
 
 4..Indicated* 900,000 long tons . 
 
 5..Inferred' 5,700,000 long tons . 
 
 6..Measured' 5,500,000 long tons . 
 
 7..Indicated' 2,400,000 long tons . 
 
 8..Inferred' 4,700,000 long tons . 
 
 10, 75, 160, 282, 324, 332, 367, 454, 616, 636, 668, 
 679, 683, 733, 761, 802, 841. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 32.7% Fe. 1971 454 
 
 33.3% Fe 1971 454 
 
 26.2% Fe 1971 454 
 
 22.1% Fe 1971 454 
 
 22.1% Fe 1971 454 
 
 25.5% Fe 1971 454 
 
 25.5% Fe 1971 454 
 
 25.5% Fe 1971 454 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 Dixie Hot Springs, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320010043. 
 
 'West ore body. 
 
 'South Central ore body. 
 
 •East ore body. 
 
92 
 
 BUILLION MONARCH— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Polar Resources Pit 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Lynn. 
 
 Elevation 1,770 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 Genertd location About 30 km northwest of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 10, T 35 N, R 50 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°55'03' N. 
 
 Longitude 116°20'37" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Universal Gas (Montana), Inc., Elko, NV (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Vein (fault zone); disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Podlike (along fault zone). 
 
 Ore controls Faulting; fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of 
 minertdized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 Length 
 
 N 50° W: steeply northeast. 
 
 Miocene. 
 
 270. 
 
 Width Unknown. 
 
 Pit depth 6 (estimated 1982). 
 
 Minered names Queutz, iron oxides, clays. 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Conventional open pit. 
 
 Past production More than 90,000 t ore produced 
 
 by 1981 (728). 
 
 Host rocks Roberts Mountains and Volcanics. 
 
 Geologic age Devonian (Roberts Mountaiiu), 
 
 Tertiary (Volcanics). 
 
 Rock relationships Fault gouge, contains ore, is ore. 
 
 Limestone, lies imder ore (footwall). 
 Volcanics, lies above ore (hanging 
 
 wall). 
 Jasperoid, near ore. 
 
 Alteration Silicification (gold zone), 
 
 argillic (carbonate wall rock). 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site, developed. 
 
 Road requirement Developed to site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Carbon-in-pulp cyanide. 
 
 Process rate 180 t/d (peak load 360 t/d). 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information; however, published grade is 0.2 tr oz/ton Au (see comments) (.690). 
 
 REFERENCES 
 182, 183, 593, 690, 728. 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Rodeo Creek NE, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110214. 
 
 Mid number 2601343. 
 
 Comments: Average grade ranges from 7.5 to 56.6 g/t Au; highest grade reaching 240 to 270 g/t Au. 
 
93 
 
 C-M ALUNITE— ALUMINUM 
 
 Alternate names: Clover Mountains 
 
 Commodities: Al, KiSO,, S 
 
 County Lincoln. 
 
 Mining district Unorganized. 
 
 Elevation 1,610 m. 
 
 Topography Rolling. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Earth Sciences, Inc., Golden, CO (1984). 
 
 About 43 km southeast of Caliente. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 10, T 7 S, R 70 E (unsurveyed). 
 
 37°21'19" N. 
 
 114°10'05" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Undetermined. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous, lithology. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 3,000. 
 
 Width 3,000. 
 
 Thickness 16. 
 
 Depth 6. 
 
 Mineral names Alunite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size 
 
 Volcanics. 
 
 Tertiary. 
 
 Agglomerate, replaced by ore. 
 
 Tuff, replaced by ore. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-raw prospect. 
 
 Type of operation Possible surface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1971. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <60 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 239, 649, 724, 763. 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Caliente, 1:260,000. 
 Jack Mountain, 7,6'. 
 0320170001. 
 
94 
 
 CALICO HILLS— IRON 
 
 Alternate names: Calico Deposit Commodities: Fe, Cu 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Mineral. General location About 51 km south of Fallon. 
 
 Mining district Unincorporated. Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Elevation 1,390 m. Tract Sec. 5, T 13 N, R 29 E. 
 
 Topography Gentle. Latitude 39°01'03" N. 
 
 Domain Indian reservation. Longitude 118°45'54" W. 
 
 Owner Undetermined. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, fissure vein. Host formation Possibly Luning. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatism. Geologic age Upper Triassic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Unknown (possibly lenticular). Rock names Sandstone. 
 
 Ore controls Contact zone, lithology, faulting. Shale. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- Unknown. Limestone. 
 
 age dimensions, m. Skarn (tactite). 
 
 Mineral names Magnetite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, Size Large. 
 
 chalcopyrite, grossularite, actinolite, epidote, galena, sphalerite, 
 
 molybdenite, tremolite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Cvurent status Unknown. Distance to water supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Type of operation FVospect. Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Year of discovery 1963. 
 
 Discovery method Geophysical anomaly. 
 
 Initial production None. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. Moore reports (454) that the Calico Hills deposit contains a very Iftrge quantity of material averaging 
 20% Fe and 0.07% Cu, and that high-grade portions have an average grade of 44% Fe. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 454, 598, 740. USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 Weber Reservoir, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320210388. 
 
95 
 
 CANDELARIA— SILVER 
 
 Alternate names: Candelaria Partners Mine and Plant 
 Pit names: Lucky Hill, Mt. Diablo, Northern Belle 
 
 Commodities: Ag, Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Mineral. 
 
 Mining district Candelaria. 
 
 Elevation 1,731 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 80 km south of Hawthorne. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 3. T 3 N, R 35 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°09'32" N. 
 
 Longitude IWOS'll" W. 
 
 Owner-operator NERCO Metals, Inc., Fairbanks, AK (subsidiary of Pacific Power & Light Co., Portland, OR) (1984). 
 
 Owner CoCa Mines, Inc., Denver, CO (owns 37% limited partnerships) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 IVpe of ore body Disseminated, veins parallel to bedding. 
 
 Otigin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 45° E: 40° to 60° N. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Early Cretaceous. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,230. 
 
 Width 40. 
 
 Thickness 130. 
 
 Open pit depth 90 to 120. 
 
 Mineral names Limonite, jarosite, gold, jamesonite, 
 
 pyrite, chalcopyrite (minor), galena (minor), clays, dolomite. 
 
 Host formation Candelaria. 
 
 (jeologic age Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Shale (tuffaceous), serpentinite, 
 
 contains ore. 
 
 Alteration Silicification, dolomization. 
 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface, heap leach. 
 
 Mining method Open pit (2,400,000-t/a ore capac- 
 ity; 32,600-t/d ore plus waste of 
 which 9,300 t is recovered ore). 
 
 Year of discovery 1863. 
 
 Discovery method Surface outcrop. 
 
 Initial production August 1980 by Occidental; 
 
 August 1983 by NERCO. 
 Last production June 1982 by Occidental; ongoing 
 
 production by NERCO. 
 
 Past production 8,389 kg Ag (1980) (165). 
 
 52,100 kg Ag, >286 kg Au (1981) 
 
 (165, 764). 
 Annual production rate . About 53,000 kg Ag (1.7 million tr 
 
 oz) and 280 kg Au (9,000 tr oz) 
 
 produced between April and September. 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 8 km to two 300-m wells. 
 
 Road requirement About 10 km, county road improved. 
 
 Distance to power supply ... 14 km, 69-kV power. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Agglomeration, cyanide heap leach, 
 
 Merrill-Crowe zinc dust precipita- 
 tion. 
 
 Mill feed capacity 7,300-t/d heap leach facility. 
 
 Product type Dore bullion (34-kg buttons). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 l..Proven 12 to 13,000,000 tons 
 
 2..Not reported in reference 18,500,000 tons 
 
 48, 82, 83, 90, 92, 133, 158, 165, 197, 208, 300, 
 305, 378, 412, 423, 427, 436, 440, 491, 498, 540, 
 ,598. 599, 649, 655, 688, 691, 763, 764, 776, 777. 
 
 3.15 tr oz/ton Ag and 0.002 tr oz/ton Au 1980 158 
 
 1.09 tr oz/ton Ag (with gold byproduct) 1982 423 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USCtS quad maps Walker Lake, 1:260,000. 
 
 Candelaria, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320210476. 
 
 Mid number 2601511. 
 
 Comments: The Candelaria Mine is the largest open pit silver mine in the United States. NERCO plans 5,000-ton/d mine rate (1.6 million tr oz) Ag 
 production. A deeper ore body of massive sulfide nature has been tentatively recognized. 
 
96 
 
 Ore body names: Carlin-West, Main, East 
 
 CARLIN— GOLD 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag, Hg 
 (byproduct mercury) 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Lynn. 
 
 Elevation 1,877 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 32 km north of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 14, T 35 N, R 50 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°54'41" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°19'13" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Carlin Gold Mining Co., Carlin, NV (subsidiary of Newmont Mining Corp., New York, NY) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, replacement stratiform. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Fractures (near attitude of host rocks), 
 
 breccia zones, faults, lithology. 
 Northeast: 60° W. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Mid-Tertiary. 
 
 Strike and dip of 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Age of mineralization . 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions (esti- 
 mated exposure at 
 mine), m: 
 
 Length 2,000. 
 
 Width 800. 
 
 Thickness 100. 
 
 Mineral names Gold, pyrite, barite, iron oxides, arseno- 
 
 pyrite, realgar, stibnite, cinnabar, galena, calcite, kaolinite, quartz, 
 sericite, ellisite, weissbergite, avicennite, lorandite. 
 
 Alteration 
 Size 
 
 Upper Roberts Mountains. 
 
 Upper SiluriEin and Lower Devonian. 
 
 Dolomitic siltstone, replaced by ore, 
 
 ore in fractures, gangue. 
 Silty dolomite, replaced by ore, ore in 
 
 fractures, gangue. 
 Silty to sandy carbonaceous 
 
 dolomitic limestone, in 
 
 vicinity of ore (unmineralized, 
 
 unaltered host formation). 
 Feldspar porphyry dikes, in mine area, 
 
 sometimes contains gold. 
 Argillization, silicification, 
 
 pyritization, decarbonatization. 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit— 6-m benches, 26,000 t/d ore and 
 
 waste mined. 
 
 Year of discovery 1962. 
 
 Discovery method Creological inference, surface mapping, 
 
 geochemical sampling, drilling. 
 
 Initial production 1965. 
 
 Last production Ongoing 1983. 
 
 Past production (in- 94,700 kg (3,044,000 tr oz) Au (1965-79) 
 
 eludes production (.61). 
 
 from Carlin, Bootstrap, 17,311 kg (556,559 tr oz) Au; includes 
 
 Blue Star, and 2,442 kg (78,523 tr oz) Au from heap leach 
 
 Maggie Creek pits). (1980-83) {BID. 
 
 Annual production rate . 3,700 kg Au (Carlin mill only) {BID. 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 4 km by pipeline from wells. 
 
 Road requirement 32 km paved access road built. 
 
 Distance to power supply ... 75 km from Battle Mountain area. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Agitated cyanide leach, CCD; oxidation- 
 
 chlorination pretreatment circuit for 
 carbonaceous ores; Merrill-Crowe zinc 
 precipitation. 
 
 Process rate 2,000 t/d oxide ore, 460 t/d carbonaceous 
 
 ore (Newmont's 1983 annual report- 
 mill capacity of 2,496 t/d). 
 
 Product type Dore buttons (about 34-kg), about 95% 
 
 Au; byproduct mercury. 
 
 Destination Various refiners (Englehard, Handy & 
 
 Harmon, et al). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 11,000,000 tons , 
 
 Orade 
 
 Year 
 1964 
 
 2.. Do' 4,700,000 tons . , 
 
 3,.Proven and probable 4,497,000 tons . , 
 
 0.32 tr oz/ton Au (original reserves, Carlin pit 
 only, stripping ratio = 3:1). 
 
 0.164 tr oz/ton Au 1982 
 
 0.160 tr oz/ton Au (includes Blue Star) 1983 
 
 Reference 
 
 319, 398 
 
 2 
 511 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 2, 6, 27, 59, 61, 83, 90, 114, 115, 132, 182, 183, 230, 233, 234, 
 240, 245, 247, 248, 297, 319, 378, 398, 409, 410, 411, 435, 606, 
 511, 516, 562, 569, 571, 672, 573, 589, 593, 616, 692, 773. 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Rodeo Creek NE, 7.6', 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110027. 
 
 Mid number 2600062. 
 
 Comments: Silver and mercury production is minor. Some published sources state most favorable host lithology as silty dolomitic limestone. 
 
 'Resource is referred to as reserves. 
 
97 
 
 CARSON RIVER— MERCURY 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Hg, possible 
 Au, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Carson City. 
 
 Mining district Delaware. 
 
 Elevation 1,375 m. 
 
 Topography River bed; in hilly to rugged terrain. 
 
 Domcun BLM administered. 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Host 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Claimants Rocky Comers, Craig Marwell, Korey Famworth, Carson City, NV (1982). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Placer. 
 
 Origin Mill tailing. 
 
 Shape of ore body Disseminated; stratiform. 
 
 Ore controls River channel. 
 
 Age of deposit Recent (1862— see Published Reserves- 
 Resources section). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions (esti- 
 mated), m: 
 
 Length <900. 
 
 Width <15. 
 
 Thickness Thin. 
 
 Mineral names Mercury. 
 
 Size. 
 
 About 13 km east of Carson City. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 7, T 15 N, R 21 E. 
 
 39°10'52" N. 
 
 119°39'56" W. 
 
 Carson River bottom. 
 
 Quaternary. 
 
 Stream gravel, contains mercury. 
 
 Various bedrock, contains mercury. 
 
 Unknown, possibly medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-limited exploration. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Placer. 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location 
 
 On-site. 
 On-site. 
 3 km. 
 No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information.* 
 
 3, 29, 96, 189, 453, 509, 585, 586, 736. 
 
 Comments: Mercury is present in deep holes, bedrock, and gravel beds. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 New Empire, 7.5'. 
 USBM sequence number 0325100062. 
 
 'It has been reported that perhaps up to 14 to 15 million lb of mercury foimd its way into the river when mercury vras used to recover precious 
 metals from the Comstock (1982) (3). 
 
98 
 
 CASELTON— LEAD-ZINC 
 
 Alternate names: Combined Metals Reduction, Raymond and Ely 
 
 Commodities: Zn, Pb, Ag, 
 Au, Mn 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lincoln. 
 
 Mining district Pioche. 
 
 Elevation 1,890 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 General location About 1 km south of Pioche. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 29, T 1 N, R 67 E. 
 
 Latitude 37°55'06" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°29'01" W. 
 
 Owner Kerr-McGee Corp., Oklahoma City, OK (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, faulting. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 2,440. 
 
 Width 400. 
 
 Thickness 10. 
 
 Depth 300. 
 
 Mineral names Sphalerite, galena, manganosiderite. 
 
 Host formation Lyndon. 
 
 Geologic age Middle Cambrian. 
 
 Rock relationships Limestone, replaced by ore, encloses ore. 
 
 Host formation Combined Metal Member of 
 
 Pioche Shale. 
 
 Geologic age Lower Cambrian. 
 
 Rock relationships Limestone, replaced by ore, 
 
 encloses ore. 
 Shale, lies over ore, lies under ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Room and pillar. 
 
 Year of discovery 1864. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1864. 
 
 Last production 1958. 
 
 Past production 2.96 million t sulfide ore averaging 
 
 171.4 g/t Ag, 4.5% Pb, and 12% Zn 
 
 (724). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site.* 
 
 Mill status Inactive, standby. 
 
 Milling method Flotation. 
 
 Process rate 1,400 t/d. 
 
 Product type Zinc concentrate, lead concentrate. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information.' 
 
 216, 274, 322, 720, 721, 724, 791. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Caliente, 1:250,000. 
 
 Pioche, 7.6'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320170099. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M032004. 
 
 'Caselton mill is owned by Combined Metals Reduction Corp. 
 
 'Sulfide ore has been largely exhausted; large quantities of oxidized ore remain. 
 
99 
 
 CROWELL— FLUORINE 
 
 Alternate names: Daisy Mine, Fluorspar Mine, Beatty Fluorspar, Betsy Mine 
 
 Commodities: CaF, 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Fluorine. 
 
 Elevation 1,366 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner-operator Crowell Fluorspar Co., Beatty, NV (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, breccia fill, fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular, pipelike, lenticular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, lithology 
 
 Strike and dip of N45°E:88''E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 274. 
 
 Width 8. 
 
 Thickness 152. 
 
 Depth 25. 
 
 Mineral names Fluorite, cinnabar, calcite, quartz, 
 
 orthoclase, montmorillonite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size . 
 
 About 102 km southeast of Croldfield. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 23, T 12 S, R 47 E. 
 
 36° 52 '52" N. 
 
 116''41'40" W. 
 
 NoptJi. 
 
 Upper Cambrian. 
 
 Dolomite, replaced by ore. 
 
 Limestone, lies along ore, replaced 
 
 by ore. 
 Shale, lies along ore. 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Open stope. 
 
 Year of discovery 1918. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1919. 
 
 Past production 185,527 t (1919-76). 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 <10 km. 
 
 None. 
 On-site. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 4, 31, 97, 98, 99, 207, 213, 217, 266, 275, 281, 283, 368, 373, 
 381, 401, 545, 557, 714, 733, 811, 812, 815, 816. 
 
 USGS quad maps Death Valley, 1:250,000. 
 
 Bare Mountain, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230001. 
 
 USGS MRDS number W006927. 
 
 Mid number 2600091. 
 
100 
 
 DAYTON— IRON 
 
 Alternate names: Rosetta Mine 
 
 Commodities: Fe 
 
 County Lyon. 
 
 Mining district Red Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 1,370 m. 
 
 Topography Rolling. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Utah International, San Francisco, CA (1966). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 TVpe of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic, oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Massive. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, igneous. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 400. 
 
 Width 150. 
 
 Thickness 150. 
 
 Depth 5. 
 
 Mineral names Hematite, limonite, magnetite, pyrite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size. 
 
 About 36 km southeast of Reno. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 6, T 17 N. R 23 E. 
 
 39°21'56" N. 
 
 119°26'57" W. 
 
 Metamorphosed sediments. 
 Triassic. 
 
 Marble, replaced by ore. 
 Skam (tactite), replaced by ore. 
 Homfels, replaced by ore. 
 Gneiss, encloses ore, gangue. 
 Schist, encloses ore, gangue. 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored prospect. 
 
 Type of operation Prospect. 
 
 Mining method Proposed open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1910. 
 
 Discovery method Test shaft, bedrock sampling. 
 
 Initial production Unknown. 
 
 Last production None. 
 
 Past production A small quantity mined during World 
 
 War n for ship ballast (454). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 45,000,000 long tons . 42% Fe 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 110. 113, 214, 453, 454, 536, 569, 580, 583, 600, 696. USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence ntunber 
 
 <10 km. 
 None. 
 <10 km. 
 
 Year Reference 
 1971 464 
 
 Reno, 1:260,000. 
 Churchill Butte, 15'. 
 0320190060. 
 
101 
 
 DEE— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Boulder Creek deposit 
 
 Commodities: Au 
 Ag (not recovered) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Bootstrap. 
 
 Elevation 1,645 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 46 km northwest of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 34, T 37 N, R 49 E. 
 
 Sec. 3, T 36 N, R 49 E. 
 
 Latitude 41°01'26" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°25'18" W. 
 
 Owner Cordex V Syndicate (1984). 
 
 Operator Dee Gold Mining Co. (Cordex V operational entity) (Dee Gold comprises Rayrock Mines, Inc., Lacana Mining Corp., 
 
 Dome Exploration Ltd., all of Toronto, ON, Canada; each with 29.3%; J. S. Livermore, 12%. Rayrock will manage the 
 
 operation for the partnership company). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Elongate. 
 
 Ore controls Faults (steep normal). 
 
 Strike and dip of East-west: unavailable. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Planned pit average 
 dimensions (approxi- 
 mate), m: 
 
 Length 800. 
 
 Width 800 (at widest point, narrow at 
 
 each end). 
 
 Pit area 23 ha (57 acres). 
 
 Mineral names Free gold (oxidized ore zone). 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Pit; about 800 t/d ore will be 
 
 mined; stripping ratio = 7:1. 
 
 Year of discovery Mid-1970's by Phillip Davis, 
 
 local prospector. 
 Discovery method Surface outcropping, geochemical, 
 
 drilling. 
 
 Initial production September-October 1984. 
 
 Annual production rate . About 1,200 kg (38,000 tr oz) Au anticipated 
 
 for first 2 yr, then 1,000 kg/yr (33,000 tr 
 
 oz) gold thereafter. 
 
 Host formation Vinini (upper plate of Roberts 
 
 Mountains Thrust Fault). 
 Rock relationships Silicic shale and chert, is ore, 
 
 gangue. 
 Jasperoid, near ore, contains some 
 
 Au. 
 Alteration Silicification, pyritization, 
 
 argillic. 
 Size Small. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site wells. 
 
 Road requirement About 3 km haul access. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . About 9 km to Rossi area. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Under construction. 
 
 Milling methods Agitated cyanide leach, c£irbon-in- 
 
 pulp, electrolysis. 
 Heap leach. 
 
 Process rate 820 t/d. 
 
 Product type Dore bullion. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 l..Not reported in reference 
 2..Probable 
 
 Quantity 
 
 1,110,000 tons . 
 2,670,000 tons . 
 2,670,000 tons . 
 1,100,000 tons . 
 
 14, 27, 28, 59, 61, 72, 90, 226, 278, 493, 529, 530, 555, 659, 
 669, 754. 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 0.028 tr oz/ton Au (leach grade) 1983 493 
 
 0.115 tr oz/ton Au (milling grade) 1983 493 
 
 0.115 tr oz/ton Au 1984 659 
 
 Heap leach, low grade 1984 659 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250„000. 
 
 Santa Renia Fields, 7.5'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320070126. 
 
 Comments: Property adjoins Carlin's Bootstrap Mine and was acquired by Cordex in 1981. Minimum mine life is 8 yr. During 1981 and 1982, about 240 
 exploratory drill holes were completed in proposed pit area. In late summer and early fall of 1982, 2 pilot-scale heap leach tests were conducted. 
 Silver (high grade) reported tied to silica beneath gold zone. Company reported mine life is 8 yr from 1984. 
 
102 
 
 DODGE-FORD<-IRON 
 
 Alternate names: Ford Mine, Iron Horse, Iron Colt 
 
 Commodities: Fe 
 
 County Pershing. 
 
 Mining district Mineral Basin. 
 
 Elevation 1,262 m. 
 
 Topography Gentle. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM 
 
 administered. 
 
 Owner C. W. Hunley, et al (1971). 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 25 km southeast of Lovelock. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 6, T 25 N, R 34 E. 
 
 40''04'10" N. 
 
 118''12'00" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 l^PB of ore body Replacement, breccia fill, disseminated. 
 
 OMgin Contact metasomatic, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Lenticular, tabular. 
 
 Orecontrolr Faulting, igneous. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 450. 
 
 Width 300. 
 
 Thickness 10. 
 
 Depth 3. 
 
 Mineral names Magnetite, scapolite, apatite, chlorite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size 
 
 Metavolcanics. 
 Upper Jurassic. 
 Andesite, gangue. 
 Diorite, gangue. 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 TVpe of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1952. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral not in place. 
 
 Initial production 1954. 
 
 Last production 1961. 
 
 Past production 800,000 t prior to 1971 (454). 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 <10km. 
 
 None. 
 
 <50km. 
 
 No published reserve-resoiu-ce information. 
 
 329, 454. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Lovelock, 1:250,000. 
 
 Buffalo Mountain, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320270390. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M060449. 
 
103 
 
 DRY CANYON— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: Antimony No. 4, Beulah, Bray 
 
 Commodities'. Sb, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Mining district Big Creek. 
 
 Elevation 2,505 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 Owner Mary J. Bray (1958). 
 
 General location About 13 km southwest of Austin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 35, T 18 N, R 43 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°22'51" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°06'41" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 35° W: 55° SW. 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Thickness 0.3. 
 
 Mineral names Stibnite, pyrite, tetrahedrite, sphalerite. 
 
 Host formation Valmy. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Limestone, encloses ore. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Year of discovery Unknown. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production Undetermined. 
 
 Last production 1916-18. 
 
 Past production 272 t of 55% Sb (376). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <50 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 376, 693. 
 
 USGS quad maps Millett, 1:250,000. 
 
 Austin, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320150136. 
 
 Comments: Some production apparently combined with or reported as output from Antimony King (Last Chance) Mine. 
 
104 
 
 EAST NORTHUMBERLAND—BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: Bluestone, IMCO Pit, All Minerals, Liesa, 
 Merry Christmas, Blackstar 
 
 Commodites: BaS04 
 
 LOCATIONOWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Northumberland. 
 
 Elevation 2,380 m. 
 
 Tiqiiography Rugged. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 Owner-operator All Minerals Corp., Murray, UT (1983). 
 
 General location About 67 km southeast of Austin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 5, T 12 N, R 46 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°53'37" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°49'30" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 IVpo of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation, metamorphic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Lenticular, irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 70° E: 10° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,600. 
 
 Width 100. 
 
 Thickness 16. 
 
 Depth 16. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 IVpc of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1967. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1976. 
 
 Last production 1983. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Host formation Pinecone. 
 
 Geologic age Devonian. 
 
 Rock relationships Chert, lies over ore. 
 
 Shale, lies over ore. 
 
 Mudstone, lies under ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site generation. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Jigging. 
 
 Process rate 514 t/d. 
 
 Product type Crude bfirite. 
 
 Destination California, Oklahoma, Texas. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 87, 338, 367, 368, 646, 601, 623, 624. 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 Northumberland Pass, 7.5', 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230183. 
 
 Mid number 2600847. 
 
 Comments: The deposit occurs as 3 separate ore bodies: Liesa Group, All Minerals Group, and Merry Christmas Group. 
 
105 
 
 EASY MINER— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaSO, 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Elk. 
 
 Mining district Snake Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 1,900 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Public and private. 
 
 General location About 29 km northeast of Wells. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sees. 11, 12, T 40 N, R 63 E. 
 
 Latitude 41°21'45" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°48'04" W. 
 
 Owner-operator A. W. Arnold and Associates, Houston, TX (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Syngenetic-diagenetic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of North-south: 30° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 120. 
 
 Width 90. 
 
 Thickness 30. 
 
 Depth to 6. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1970's. 
 
 Discovery method Geological. 
 
 Initial production 1980. 
 
 Last production 1982. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Host formation Valmy. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Chert, overlies ore. 
 
 Argillite, underlies ore. 
 
 Chert, underlies ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site (diesel generator). 
 
 Mill location Mine site. 
 
 Mill status Idle. 
 
 Milling method Gravity separation. 
 
 Process rate 1,200 t/d. 
 
 Product type 3.95 sp gr beu-ite-rich rock. 
 
 Distance shipped Truck— 35 km, then rail either 
 
 2,000 km or 3,000 km, depending 
 
 on market. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 226, 646, 612, 669, 716. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Wells, 1:250,000. 
 
 Melandco, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070887. 
 
 Mid number 2601667. 
 
106 
 
 EMERSON— TUNGSTEN 
 
 Alternate names: Tempiute, Tem Piute, Lincoln, Wah Chang Tungsten Mine 
 North Tempiute, South Thumb 
 
 Commodities: W, Mo, Zn, 
 CaF„U 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lincoln. 
 
 Mining district Tem Piute. 
 
 Elevation 2,013 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. 
 
 Greneral location About 99 km west of Caliente. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 36, T 3 S, R 56 E. 
 
 Latitude 37''38'28" N. 
 
 Longitude 115°37'49" W. 
 
 Owner Teledyne, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, 75%; North Tempiute Mining and Development, Hiko, NV, 25% (1981). 
 
 Operator Union Carbide Corp., Mining and Metals Div., Alamo, NV (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, disseminated, shear zone. Host formation . . . 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic, hydrothermal. Geologic age 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. Rock relationships . 
 
 Ore controls Contact zone, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 40° E: 60° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 2,000. Size 
 
 Width 500. 
 
 Thickness 15. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Scapolite, tremolite, muscovite, magnetite, 
 
 bismuth, scheelite, sphalerite, fluorite, molybdenite, garnet, pyrite, 
 pyrrhotite. 
 
 Guilmette. 
 
 Mississippian. 
 
 Limestone, replaced by ore, lies along 
 
 ore. 
 Homfels, near ore. 
 Quartzite, neau- ore. 
 Msffble, lies along ore. 
 Skam (tactite), is ore, gangue. 
 Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-standby. 
 
 Type of operation Surface-underground. 
 
 Mining method Shrinkage stoping, open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1916. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1937. 
 
 Last production 1981. 
 
 Past production Several million kilograms of tungsten metal 
 
 recovered. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Inactive. 
 
 Milling method Scheelite flotation. 
 
 Product type WO, concentrate. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 52, 69, 137, 231, 271, 343, 553, 724, 738, 800, 843, 848. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Caliente, 1:250,000. 
 
 Tempiute Mountain, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320170012. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030087. 
 
 Mid number 2600340. 
 
107 
 
 ENFIELD BELL— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Bell, Jerritt Canyon, Freeport Gold 
 
 Ore body ncunes: Marlboro Canyon, Alchem, North Generator Hill, 
 Lower Generator Hill, West Generator Hill 
 
 Commodities: Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNEBSfflP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Jerritt Canyon. 
 
 Elevation 1,925 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain National forest (mine); BLM administered 
 
 (mill); private. 
 
 (Jeneral location About 80 km northwest of Elko. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sees. 33, 34, 35, T 41 N, R 54 E; 
 
 Sec. 3, T 40 N, R 54 E. 
 
 Latitude 41°23'44" N. 
 
 Longitude 115°59'39" W. 
 
 Owner Freeport Gold Co., New York, NY (70%) (subsidiary of Freeport-McMoran, Inc., New York, NY); FMC Gold, Inc., 
 
 Chicago, IL (30%) (1985). 
 Operator Freeport Gold Co. (1985). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 IVpe of ore body Disseminated, stratiform, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, elongate. 
 
 Ore controls Faults, fractures, lithology. 
 
 Host formations . 
 
 Strike and dip of 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . 
 
 Ore body dimensions 
 (approximate), m: 
 
 Length 
 
 Width 
 
 Thickness 
 
 Unknown. 
 Mid-Tertiary. 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 MiU'lboro Otherfour ore bodies 
 1,220. 230 to 760. 
 
 120. 60 to 120. 
 
 110. Unknown. 
 
 Mineral names Gold (free), gold (tied to organics), 
 
 pyrite, realgar, oripiment, arsenopyrite, cinnabar, stibnite, barite, 
 calcite, quartz. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Size .... 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Hansen Creek (primary); 
 Roberts Mountains (basal 60 m). 
 Upper Ordovician. 
 Lower Silurian. 
 Hansen Creek: 
 
 Chert carbonate, jsisperoid, lies 
 under ore, lies over ore. 
 
 Dolomite, above ore. 
 
 Carbonaceous beinded limestone, is ore, 
 lies along ore, gangue. 
 
 Bioclastic limestone, under ore. 
 Roberts Mountains: 
 
 Dolomite, lies above ore. 
 
 Calcareous siltstone, encloses ore, 
 is ore, gangue. 
 Silicification (over ore zone), 
 
 oxidation and argillic 
 
 {iround jasperoid (minor), 
 
 and carbonization. 
 Medium. 
 
 Current status Producer-active. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit, multiple bench, about 
 
 4,400 t/d ore, 23,000 t/d waste; 
 
 stripping ratio = 7.9:1. 
 
 Year of discovery 1971 (anomedy), 1973 (Alchem ore body); 
 
 1976 (Marlboro Canyon). 
 Discovery method Geochemical, geologic inference, drilling. 
 
 Initial production July 1981. 
 
 Past production 426 kg Au (13,700 tr oz) in sales, (1981) 
 
 (316). 
 >6,100 kg (196,000 tr oz) Au (1982) (435). 
 8,150 kg (262,000 tr oz) Au forecast (1984) 
 (418). 
 Annual production rate . 6,000 kg (200,000 tr oz; dore annual 
 rated capacity (435). 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 3 km to deep wells. 
 
 Road requirement 10 km paved plant access. 
 
 Distance to power supply ... 26 km, 120 kV. 
 
 Mill location 13 km east of mine (truck). 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Agitated cyanide leach (pretreatment of 
 
 carbonaceous ore by preoxidation 
 chlorination); carbon-in-pulp; zinc 
 precipitation; electrolysis. 
 
 Process rate 3,040 t/d (3,350 ton/d); original capacity 
 
 was 2,490 t/d (50% of capacity oxide 
 circuit, 50% carbonaceous circuit). 
 
 Product type Dore bullion bars (about 34 kg each). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 1 . .Proven and probable 11,614,000 tons 0.233 tr oz/ton Au 1983 551 
 
 2.. Do 13,700,000 tons 0.205 tr oz/ton Au 1984 313 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 63, 61, 86, 90, 116, 173, 190, 224, 226, 263, 264, 278, 297, 299, 302, USGS quad maps Wells, 1:260,000. 
 
 306, 313, 316, 336, 344, 346, 348, 376, 378, 416, 418, 423, 430, 436, California Mountain, 7.6'. 
 
 479, 661, 599, 612, 616, 669, 688, 692, 730, 773, 839. USBM sequence number 0320070879. 
 
 Mid number 2601620. 
 
 Comments: Mineral zone is in lower plate of Roberts Mountains Thnist Fault. Ore is carbonaceous (50%) and oxide (50%) requiring segregation during 
 milling. Area of 6 ore bodies measures about 1,200 m by 3,300 m, and about 100 m thick. 
 
108 
 
 FANNIE RYAN— MANGANESE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Mn 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSmP 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 County Clark. 
 
 Mining district Las Vegas. 
 
 Elevation 610 m. 
 
 Topography Rolling. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 Owner United States (managed by BLM) (1980). 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 55° E: 30° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 300. 
 
 Width 176. 
 
 Thickness 3.7. 
 
 Depth 25. 
 
 Mineral names Wad. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Type of operation Possible surface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1941. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 (General location About 24 km southeast of Las Vegas. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 36, T 21 S, R 63 E. 
 
 Latitude 36°05'06" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°53'27' W. 
 
 Host formation Muddy Oeek.* 
 
 Geologic age Pliocene. 
 
 Rock relationships Gypsiferous sfindstone, encloses ore, 
 
 lies over ore. 
 Gravel, lies over ore. 
 Size Small. 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES* 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 1 . . Measured 9(K) tons 
 
 2.. Do 1,720 tons 
 
 3.. Do 2,380 tons 
 
 4.. Do 3,%0tons 
 
 5 . . Do 25,800 tons 
 
 354, 386, 407, 547, 721. 
 
 Average: 17.2% Mn; cutoff: 15% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 15.7% Mn; cutoff: 12% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 14.3% Mn; cutoff: 10% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 12.6% Mn; cutoff: 8% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 7.6% Mn; cutoff: 5% Mn 1949 407 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USCtS quad maps Las Vegas, 1:250,000. 
 
 Henderson, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320030008. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M031084. 
 
 'Manganiferous zone consists of 3 beds ranging 0.76 to 2.5 m thick. 
 Tonnages are cumulative. 
 
109 
 
 FENCEMAKER— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: Fenstonmaker, Lucky Lode, S & W 
 
 Commodities: Sb 
 
 County Pershing. 
 
 Mining district Table Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 1,600 m. 
 
 Topography Rolling. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Silver Bell Mining and Developing, Inc., Lovelock, NV (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Shear zone, replacement, disseminated. 
 
 OWgin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular, tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 30° E: 30° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 25. 
 
 Width 4. 
 
 Thickness 13. 
 
 Depth 7. 
 
 Mineral names Stibnite, cinnabar, chalcopyrite, 
 
 silver, gold, calcite, quartz. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size . 
 
 About 53 km east of Lovelock. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 31, T 26 N, R 37 E. 
 
 40°04'19" N. 
 
 117°51'26" W. 
 
 Boyer Ranch. 
 
 Middle Jurassic. 
 
 Limestone, encloses ore, replaced by 
 
 ore. 
 Shale, lies over ore, lies under ore 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Past producer-standby. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Open stope. 
 
 Year of discovery 1880. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1880. 
 
 Last production 1982. 
 
 Past production 1 t Sb metal (376). 
 
 Distance to water supply , 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill locaton 
 
 On-site. 
 None. 
 On-site. 
 On-site. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 29, 68, 329, 376, 381, 464, 541, 671, 672. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Fencemaker, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320270414. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M055423. 
 
 Mid number 2601650. 
 
110 
 
 FISH CREEK— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaS04 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Swales Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 1,950 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 General location About 27 km north of Carlin. 
 
 Meridiim Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 2, T 35 N, R 52 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°57'10" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°06'15" W. 
 
 Owner Maggie Creek Ranch Co., Elko, NV; New Park Resources, Inc., Metairie, LA (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 50° to 60°E: 10° to 20° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 2,100. 
 
 Width 300. 
 
 Thickness 15. 
 
 Depth 1. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Host formation Vinini. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Chert, encloses ore. 
 
 Siltstone, replaced by ore. 
 
 Sandstone, lies over ore. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored (extensively drilled). 
 
 Type of operation Possible surface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1955. 
 
 Discovery method Ore minertd in place. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <30 km. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 87, 185, 226, 283, 349, 546, 669. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Swales Mountain, 7.5'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320070901. 
 
Ill 
 
 GARNET-TENNESSEE MOUNTAIN— TUNGSTEN 
 
 Alternate names: Knowles Bros. Tungsten Claims, Tennessee Mountain Mine, 
 Tennessee Mountain, Garnet Tungsten, Garnet 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Alder. 
 
 Elevation 2,438 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 LOCATION-OWlSfERSfflP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Conamodities: W, Mo 
 
 About 24 km east of Mountain City. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 17, T 45 N, R 56 E. 
 
 41°47'41" N. 
 
 115°40'25" W. 
 
 Owner Knowles Bros., 50%; P. D. Montrose, 50% (1981). 
 
 Operator PAB Oil and Mining (1981). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic, metamorphism. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Contact zone, igneous. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 50° W: 55° S. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 335. 
 
 Width 53. 
 
 Thickness 8. 
 
 Depth 53. 
 
 Mineral names Scheelite, powellite, molybdenite, pyrite, 
 
 chalcopyrite, magnetite, garnet, uraninite, chlorite, epidote. 
 
 Host formation . . 
 
 (jeologic age 
 
 Rock relationship 
 
 Size, 
 
 Tennessee Mountain. 
 
 Ordovician. 
 
 Limestone, encloses ore, replaced 
 
 by ore. 
 Shale, encloses ore, replaced by ore. 
 Skarn (tactite), replaced by ore. 
 Homfels, replaced by ore. 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Sublevel. 
 
 Year of discovery 1949. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1970. 
 
 Last production 1977. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade 
 
 1 . . Not reported in reference 396,000 tons 0.42% WO, 
 
 REFERENCES 
 70, 91, 139, 154, 226, 278, 526, 527, 669, 733. USGS quad maps . . . . 
 
 On-site. 
 None. 
 >100 km. 
 
 Year Reference 
 1977 526, 527 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 USGS MRDS number . . . 
 
 Wells, 1:250,000. 
 Rowland, 15'. 
 0320070011. 
 D001177. 
 
112 
 
 GETCHELL— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag, W, 
 As 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Humboldt. 
 
 Mining district Potosi. 
 
 Elevation 1,707 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM adminstered. 
 
 General location About 70 km northeast of Winnemucca. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 33, T 39 N, R 42 E. 
 
 Latitude 41°12'59" N. 
 
 Longitude 117n5'23" W. 
 
 Owner FRM Minerals, Inc., Denver, CO (subsidiary of First Mississippi Corp., Jackson, MS) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Sheetlike, irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, fracturing, folding, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 25° W: 45° to 90° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Age of mineralization . . . Cretaceous to Miocene (90 million yr). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length >2,100. 
 
 Width 1,000 (downdip). 
 
 Thickness 12 (assay walls). 
 
 Mineral names Native gold, quartz (Au), carbon 
 
 (Au), pyrite (Au), arsenopyrite (Au), calcite, kaolinite, chlorite, 
 
 realgar, orpiment, cinnabar, stibnite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, 
 
 marcasite, magnetite, barite, fluorite, chabasite, getchellite, 
 
 galkhaite, scheelite. 
 
 Host formation Preble. 
 
 Geologic age Cambrian. 
 
 Rock relationships Gouge (quartz, carbon, clay), is 
 
 ore, encloses ore, gangue. 
 Argillite, sheared and replaced by 
 gouge, ore in fractures, gangue. 
 Arenaceous limestone, sheared aad 
 replaced by gouge, ore in fi-ac- 
 tures, gangue. 
 Shale, lies over ore, lies imder ore. 
 Granodiorite and dacite porphyry 
 dikes, near ore. 
 
 Alteration Silicification, decarbonatization, 
 
 sericitic, argillic, chlorite. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-past producer, exploration. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; tailings and dump 
 
 recovery was being planned by 
 Conoco (see comments). 
 
 Year of discovery 1934. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1938. 
 
 Last production 1967. 
 
 Past production 12,069 kg (388,033 tr oz) Au (1938-50); 
 
 no production in 1946-47 (44). 
 1,916,910 t (2,113,030 tons), 9.29 g/t 
 
 (0.271 tr oz/ton) Au (1962-67) (44). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement Existing. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Existing. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active (1983). 
 
 Milling method Tailings test-cyanide leach tank, 
 
 carbon columns. 
 
 Process rate 91 t/d. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 1 . . Not reported in reference 3,200,000 tons . . . 
 
 2.. Do 3,250,000 tons .. . 
 
 Possible 10,000,000 tons . . . 
 
 3 . . Proven 1,400,000 tons . . . 
 
 4 . . Not reported in reference >750,000 tr oz' . . 
 
 0.3 tr oz/ton Au; 0.1 tr oz/ton Ag 1982 690 
 
 0.18 tr oz/ton Au 1982 61 
 
 0.16 tr oz/ton Au 1982 61 
 
 0.22 tr oz/t Au 1983 84 
 
 Not applicable 1983 201 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 43, 44, 45, 47, 61, 67, 79, 81, 84, 174, 201, 232, 242, 243, 269, 270, 285, 
 292, 308, 334, 335, 336, 364, 425, 616, 628, 656, 690, 702, 773, 801, 
 807, 808. 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250,000. 
 
 Osgood Mountains, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320130063. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030027. 
 
 Mid number 2601801. 
 
 Comments: Gold mineralization has also been observed on the Village Fault, located 300 m east of the Getchell Fault described above. Conoco, Inc. sold 
 the property in 1983. Plans were to dewater and explore the 3 existing pits beginning in mid-1983. Two phases of development were plan- 
 ned: Phase I— heap leaching existing tailings and old mine waste material from 1983 to 1994; Phase 11— open pit mining with associated milling 
 operations. Construction wets to start in late 1985, with production commencing 1 jrr later. 
 
 •Company reports "reserves appear to exceed" troy ounce total. 
 
113 
 
 GIBELLINI— MANGANESE 
 
 Alternate names: Nigtmz Manganese-Nickel, Black Iron 
 
 Commodities: Mn, Ni, Zn 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Fish Creek. 
 
 Elevation 2,103 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 Owner Louis Gibellini (1976). 
 
 Type of ore body Shear zone, replacement. 
 
 Orig^ HydrothermeJ, replacement. 
 
 Shape of ore body Pipelike, massive. 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 70° E: 30° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 50. 
 
 Width 30. 
 
 Thickness 20. 
 
 Depth 10. 
 
 Minertil names Psilomelane, pyrolusite. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size , 
 
 About 27 km south of Eureka. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 35, T 16 N, R 52 E. 
 
 39°12'30" N. 
 
 116°05'23" W. 
 
 Vinini. 
 
 Lower Devonian. 
 
 Limestone, ore in fractures. 
 
 Sandstone, lies along ore, lies over 
 
 ore. 
 Shale, near ore, lies along ore. 
 Chert, near ore, lies along ore. 
 Quartzite, near ore, lies along ore. 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Ciurent status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Type of operation Surface, undergroimd. 
 
 Year of discovery 1942. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Past production No production; 2 car lots shipped in 1953 
 
 for testing, averaged 31.7% Mn {721). 
 
 Distance to water supply , 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location , 
 
 <3 km. 
 None. 
 <100 km. 
 No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 51, 593, 721. 
 
 USGS quad maps Millett, 1:250,000. 
 
 Cockalorum Wash, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110006. 
 
 USGS MRDS number W000698. 
 
 Comments: The mangcuiese-rich material contains equal amounts of pyrolusite and psilomelane; it also contains appreciable amounts of zinc, nickel, 
 and minor amounts of cobedt, copper, vanadium, and molybdenum. An analysis of a metallurgical sample revealed the following in per- 
 cent (51): 
 
 Mn 
 
 Fe 
 
 m 
 
 Co 
 
 Zn 
 
 Cu 
 
 Mo 
 
 v.o. 
 
 Ba 
 
 CaO 
 
 S 
 
 Insol 
 
 AkO, 
 
 18.6 
 
 3.0 
 
 1.7 • 
 
 0.3 
 
 3.2 
 
 0.12 
 
 0.11 
 
 0.88 
 
 3.7 
 
 2.3 
 
 0.2 
 
 41.6 
 
 6.0 
 
114 
 
 GOLD QUARRY— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Au, Hg 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Maggie Creek. 
 
 Elevation 1,658 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private, private lease, BLM 
 
 administered. 
 
 General location About 23 km south-southeast of Carlin 
 
 Mine. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 34, 35, T 34 N, R 51 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°47'27" N. 
 
 Longitude llSnS'OO" W. 
 
 Owner Newmont Mining Corp., New York, NY (1985). 
 
 Operator Carlin Gold Mining Co., Carlin, NV (subsidiary of Newmont Mining Corp.) (1986). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Pipelike. 
 
 Ore controls Faults; lithology. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions 
 (estimated), m: 
 
 Length 620. 
 
 Width 460. 
 
 Mineral names Native gold. 
 
 Host formation Vinini (upper plate of Roberts 
 
 Mountains Thrust Fault). 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Cherts, contains ore in shears and 
 
 fractures, gangue. 
 Quartzites, contains ore in shears 
 
 and fractures, gangue. 
 Siltstones, probable host of new 
 
 discovery. 
 Carbonates, probable host of new 
 discovery. 
 
 Alteration Silicification (jasperoid), argillic. 
 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Ciurent status . . . 
 Type of operation 
 Mining method . . 
 
 Year of discovery 
 Discovery method 
 
 Initied production 
 Past production . . 
 
 Annual producton rate . 
 
 Active-development, construction. 
 Surface. 
 
 Open pit; will mine about 2.3 
 million t/a ore. 
 
 1977 (new). 
 
 Geological inference, drilling. 
 
 1936; by Newmont from full-scale test heap 
 
 leach (about 1982-83); mill production 
 
 scheduled to commence August 1985. 
 54.1 t (59.7 tons), 14.3 g/t (0.417 tr oz/ton) 
 
 Au, 30.2 g/t (0.88 tr oz/ton) Ag (1936) 
 
 (593). 
 1,314-ig (42,230 tr oz) from 886,202 t 
 
 (976,871 tons) ore from test heap leach 
 
 (1983) (511). 
 5,300 kg Au (170,000 tr oz) anticipated 
 
 beginning August 1985. 
 
 Mill location On-site probable. 
 
 Mill status Development. 
 
 Milling method Cyanide heap leach and cyanide 
 
 agitated leach, carbon-in-pulp 
 
 gold recovery. 
 
 Process rate 6,120 t/d (6,750 ton/d) ore. 
 
 Product type Dore bars and byproduct Hg. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade Year Reference 
 
 1 . . Proven and probable 45,000,000 tons .... 0.078 tr oz ton/Au (high grade) 1983 511 
 
 89,000,000 tons 0.032 tr oz ton/Au Gow grade, stripping ratio 1.6:1) 1983 511 
 
 49,000,000 tons 0.029 tr oz ton/Au (unrecoverable) 1983 511 
 
 Total 183,000,000 tons .... 0.043 tr oz ton/Au (recoverable and imrecoverable) 1983 511 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 27, 90, 116, 134, 184, 224. 237, 319, 435, 505, 507, 511, 514, 593, 834. USCJS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Schroeder Mountain, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110219. 
 
 Mid number 2601635. 
 
 Comments: Mine-mill construction began in the spring of 1984. Newmont pays royalties of 18% on 87.5% of the mineral rights held by Ash and Thornton. 
 Geology and ore characteristics are reported much the same as at Carlin. In 1982, full-scale heap leaching and milling tests were conducted. 
 Total recoverable high- and low-grade 1983 proven and probable reserves is 134 million tons, 0.048 tr oz/ton Au. 
 
115 
 
 GOLDFIELD— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Goldfield Project, Pacific Gold and Uranium, 
 Goldfield Consolidated Main Vein 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 (Au-Ag ratio about 3:1) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Esmeralda. 
 
 Mining district Goldfield. 
 
 Elevation 1,720 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly-mountainous. 
 
 Domain Patented claims. 
 
 General location About 40 km south of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sees. 25, 26, 36, T 2 S, R 42 E. 
 
 Latitude 37°43'30" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°13'11" W. 
 
 Owner Davis Goldfield Mining Co. (receives 7.6% net royalty increasing to 10%) (1983). 
 
 Lessees Southern Pacific Land Co., San Francisco, CA, 50%; Noranda Exploration, Inc., Toronto, ON, Ctmada, 25%; Pacific Giold 
 
 and Uranium, Inc. (PG & U), Los Angeles, CA 25% (1983). 
 Operator Blackhawk Mines Corp. (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 IVpc of ore body Vein systems, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore bodies Variable-pipes, lenticular, tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faults, fractures. 
 
 Strike and dip of North: 30° to 40° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Miocene. 
 
 Proposed pit average 
 dimensions 
 (estimated), m: 
 
 Length 460. 
 
 Width 45. 
 
 Thickness 30. 
 
 Mineral names Native gold, famatinite, tetra- 
 
 hedrite-tennantite, bismuthinite, goldfieldite, chalcopyrite, 
 galena, sphalerite, sylvanite, hessite, petzite, calaverite, 
 pyrite, quartz, jasperoid, limonite, halloysite, gypsum. 
 
 Host formations . 
 
 (jleologic ages 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Size 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-developing. 
 
 Tyi>e of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit (shallow). 
 
 Year of discovery ...... 1902 (district); 1981 (option acquired 
 
 by Noranda and PG & U). 
 Discovery method Recent drilling. 
 
 Initial production Anticipated fourth quarter 1984. 
 
 Last production Unknown. 
 
 Past production Di8trict-130,326 kg Au; 45,107 kg 
 
 Ag; 3,479 t Cu; 23 t Pb from 7,021,750 t 
 ore (1903-60). 1948-51 production 
 withheld (8). 
 
 Annual production rate . About 270,000 t ore. 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Mill location 
 
 Mill status 
 
 Milling method 
 
 Process rate 
 
 Porphyritic Rhyodacite. 
 Quartz Latite flows and tuffs 
 
 (Kendall TufD. 
 Lower Miocene. 
 Oligocene. 
 Silicified porphyritic rhyodacite, 
 
 portions are ore, encloses ore 
 
 (major host). 
 Porphyritic rhyodacite, gangue. 
 Silicified quartz latite, portions 
 
 are ore, encloses ore. 
 Quartz latite, gangue. 
 Siliceous shale and argillite, lies 
 
 beneath ore (Ordovician Palmetto 
 
 Formation). 
 Quartz' inonzonite, lies beneath ore 
 
 (Tertiary). 
 Highly bleached and altered— 
 
 advanced argillization, aluniti- 
 
 zation, silicification. 
 Small. 
 
 Two 300-gpm wells near plant site. 
 
 2.4 km (improvement). 
 
 3.2 km. 
 
 Near mine. 
 
 Development. 
 
 Anticipated agglomerated cyanide 
 
 heap leach; zinc precipitation or 
 
 carbon absorption. 
 About 1,100 t/d ore. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 1 . .Not reported in reference 500,000 tons 0.07 tr oz/ton Au 1980 162 
 
 2. .Proven 2,115,000 tons 0.070 tr oz/ton Au 1984 502 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 7, 8, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 162, 208, 209, 246, 325, 340, 497, 502, 576, USGS quad maps Goldfield, 1:250,000. 
 
 627, 631, 632, 703, 809. Goldfield, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320090415. 
 
 Comments: Specific geology of the proposed pit area was not available, (jleologic data describe the area of the district that will host the proposed develop- 
 ment work. Reserve tonnage reported from 3 discrete ore bodies along (joldfield ledge. Reserve cutoff grade is 0.020 tr oz/ton Au. 
 
116 
 
 GOLDSTRIKE— GOLD 
 
 Ore body names: Long Lac deposit, Bazza (past open pits: Goldstrike No. 6, 
 Goldstrike No. 9, Pan Cana No. 1, E. P. No. 1, E. P. No. 2) 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 (Au-Ag ratio = 20:1) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Lynn. 
 
 Elevation 1,700 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 38 km northwest of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 30, T 36 N, R 50 E. 
 
 Sec. 24, T 36 N, R 49 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°58'12" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°21'55" W. 
 
 Operator Western States Minerals Corp., Wheat Ridge, CO (in a joint venture partnership with Pan Cana Industries) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated. Host formation . . . 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular to elongated lensoid. (geologic age 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, ii-acturing-brecciation, lithology. Rock relationships . 
 
 Strike of mineralized N 55° W. 
 
 zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Cretaceous (78 million yr). 
 Mineralized area aver- 
 age dimensions 
 
 (estimated), m: 
 
 Length 2,100. 
 
 Width 1,400. 
 
 Thickness 75 to 170.. 
 
 Depth 10. 
 
 Principal minerals Pyrite (auriferous), marcasite 
 
 (auriferous), quartz, sericite, kaolinite, montomorillonite, goethite. 
 
 Other Chalcopyrite, scheelite, hematite, 
 
 garnet, diopsite, tremolite, calcite, barite, jarosite, variscite, 
 
 chalcedony, alunite, stibnite, aragonite, realgar, orpiment. Alteration 
 
 arsenopyrite, sphalerite. Size 
 
 Vinini Formation (most favorable); 
 
 skam, latite, dike, gramodiorite. 
 Ordoviciem (Vinini). 
 Argillites (carbonaceous), fractures 
 
 contain ore. 
 Shales (sometimes carbonaceous), 
 
 fractures contain ore. 
 Siltstone, fractures contain ore. 
 Quartzite (minor), near ore, gangue. 
 Chert (minor), near ore, gangue. 
 Limestone (rare), gangue. 
 Granodiorite-to-diorite stock, 
 
 contains ore (Early Cretaceous). 
 Quartz latite and latite dikes, 
 
 contains ore. 
 Skam (zenoliths in diorite stock), 
 
 contains ore. 
 Jasperoid, above ore, near ore. 
 Silicification, argillic, sericite. 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method- Open pit. 
 
 Initial production 1976-77 (by Pan Cana Industries). 
 
 Past production About 230 kg Au (1979) {1321 
 
 Road requirement None, existing to the site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Cyanide heap leach. 
 
 Process rate Unknown. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 132, 182, 183, 460, 593, 690. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Elko, 1:250,000. 
 
 Rodeo Creek NE, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110168. 
 
 Mid number 2601089. 
 
 Comments: Best mineralization occurs at intersection of high-angle structures and following low-angle structures. About 4 to 5 areas or zones of gold 
 mineralization occur in the mine area. Northwest-trending high-angle faults (pre-mineral) have dominant control over mineralization. Individual 
 mineral zones are 60 to 300 m in length with northwest elongation and 15 to 60 m in width. Both oxide and unoxidized ore exists. Oxide ore 
 is known to exist up to 90 m in depth. Unoxidized sulfide ore has been as shallow as 20 m. 
 
117 
 
 GOOSEBERRY— SILVER 
 
 Alternate names: Gooseberry Claims, Red Top Claims 
 
 Commodities: Ag, Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Storey. 
 
 Mining district Unorganized. 
 
 Elevation 1,646 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed, private (patented claims); 
 
 BLM administered (unpatented claims). 
 
 General location About 24 km east of Reno. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 25, T 19 N, R 22 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°29'03" N. 
 
 Longitude 119°27'52" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Asamera Minerals (U.S.), Inc., Reno, NV (subsidiary of Asamera, Inc., Calgfuy, AB, Canada), 75% (1984). 
 
 Owner lean Ptesources Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada, 25% (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein, shear zone, disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 20° W: 80° S. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Tertiary. 
 Vein average dimen- 
 sions, m: 
 
 Length >900. 
 
 Width >440 (downdip). 
 
 Thickness 2.5. 
 
 Mineral names Electrum, argentite, native gold and silver, 
 
 pyrite, stephemite, minor galena, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, calcite, 
 quartz, adularia. 
 
 Host formation 
 
 Kate Peak. 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 . . . . Miocene. 
 
 Rock relationships 
 
 Dacite porphyry, ore in veins and 
 
 
 fractures, gangue. 
 
 
 Rhyodacite, ore in veins and 
 
 
 fractures, gangue. 
 
 
 Flow breccia, near ore. 
 
 
 Calcite-quartz-adularia vein, contains 
 
 
 ore, gangue. 
 
 
 Granodiorite, near ore. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Propylitic, argillic. 
 
 Size 
 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer.' 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Cut-and-flll stoping (by yearend 1983, 
 
 26% of mill feed will be drawn by 
 
 shrinkage stoping). 
 
 Year of discovery 1906. 
 
 Discovery method Surface outcrop. 
 
 Initial production 1976, by Westcoast Oil end Gas Corp.; 
 
 1983, by Asamera. 
 
 Last production 1981, Westcoast Oil and Gas Corp.; 
 
 Asamera currently producing in 1985. 
 
 Past production 15,551 kg Ag (1980) (165). 
 
 4,959 kg Ag (1981) il6B). 
 
 9,528.7 kg Ag, 216.7 kg Au (1983) {172). 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 11 km, pumped from river. 
 
 Road requirement Existing. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Flotation, cyanidation of concentrate, 
 
 Merrill-Crowe zinc dust 
 precipitation. 
 
 Process rate 320 t/d. 
 
 Product type Pb, Ag, Au precipitate. 
 
 Destination Englehard Industries, Los Angeles, CA. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 1 . .Proven and probable 607,000 tons 'k 
 
 Possible 730,000 tons f 
 
 2. .Reserves 500,000 tons . . . 
 
 3. .Proven and probable 561,300 tons . . . 
 
 Grade Year 
 
 9.73 tr oz/ton Ag; 0.23 tr oz/ton Au 1983 
 
 9 tr oz/ton Ag; 0.25 tr oz/ton Au 1984 
 
 10.18 tr oz/ton Ag; 0.26 tr oz/ton Au 1984 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 Reference 
 
 101 
 
 537 
 504 
 
 66, 90, 101, 165, 172, 378, 412, 470, 504, 528, 537, 597, 607, 695, 783. 
 
 USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 Churchill Butte, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320290018. 
 
 Mid number 2600249. 
 
 Comments: Asamera is considering installation of an on-site plant to produce dore bullion, from the precipitate. In 1982, Asamera acquired the proper- 
 ty from Scurry -Rainbow (subsidiary of Westcoast Oil and Gas Corp.), which had been operating the Gooseberry. 
 
 'Gooseberry production was suspended in February 1985 because of depressed metal prices. Exploration and development was reported to continue 
 during the suspension. 
 
118 
 
 GREYSTONE— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaSO^ 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Mining district Bullion. 
 
 Elevation 2,000 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 Owner Dresser Industries, Dallas, TX (1984). 
 
 General location About 41 km south of Battle Mountain. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 26, T 28 N, R 45 E. 
 
 Latitude 40n6'27" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°52'21" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary, replacement. 
 
 dngin Sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 40° W: 30° S. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 900. 
 
 Width 110. 
 
 Thickness 90. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral nsmies Barite. 
 
 Host formation Slaven Chert. 
 
 Geologic age Devonian. 
 
 Rock relationships Chert, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 Shale, encloses ore. 
 
 Limestone, encloses ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1951. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1954. 
 
 Last production 1983. 
 
 Past production More than 3.6 million t mined, 
 
 processed, and shipped (385). 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill statiis Operating. 
 
 Milling method Crushing, screening, jigging. 
 
 Process rate 1,813 t/d. 
 
 Product type Crushed bsirite concentrate. 
 
 Distance shipped 46 km. 
 
 Destination Battle Mountain, NV. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 76, 87, 218, 283, 330, 346, 385, 392, 546, 548, 601, 693. 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Mt. Lewis, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320150073. 
 
 Mid number 2600411. 
 
 Comments: The Greystone is reported to be the largest producing barite mine in the covmtry and one of the largest ever discovered and developed 
 (385). 
 
119 
 
 GUNMETAL— TUNGSTEN 
 
 Alternate names: Desert Scheelite; Garnet; Lindsay; Summeriield 
 
 Commodities: W, Mo, Au 
 
 Coimty Mineral. 
 
 Mining district Shoshone. 
 
 Elevation 2,255 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Union Carbide Corp., Danbuiy, CT (1981). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size. 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, faulting. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 214. 
 
 Thickness 15. 
 
 Mineral names Scheelite, garnet, galena, tetrahedrite, 
 
 molybdenite, sphalerite, quartz, calcite, epidote. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. Distance to water supply . 
 
 Type of operation Surface-underground. Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Year of discovery 1916. 
 
 Discovery method Unknown. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 About 70 km northwest of Tonopah. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 18, T 6 N, R 37 E. 
 
 38''23'10" N. 
 
 117''53'40" W. 
 
 Luning. 
 
 Triassic. 
 
 Limestone, replaced by ore. 
 
 Marble, gangue, encloses ore. 
 
 Skam (tactite), gangue, encloses 
 
 ore. 
 Large. 
 
 On-site. 
 None. 
 <50 km. 
 
 223, 343, 444, 598, 608, 733, 740, 774. 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320210054. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030116. 
 
120 
 
 HARD LUCK-PRADIER— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: Pradier, Romano, Big Creek Commodities: Sb, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lander. General location About 22 km south of Austin. 
 
 Mining district Big Creek. Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Elevation 2,804 m. Tract Sec. 27, T 17 N, R 43 E. 
 
 Topography Rugged. Latitude 39°18'17" N. 
 
 Longitude H7°07'57" W. 
 
 Owner Big Creek Mining and Milling Co., Austin, NV (1958). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Silicified fault breccia. Host formation Valmy. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, podlike. Rock relationships Shale, encloses ore. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting. Slate, encloses ore. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 20° W: flat lying. Size SmalL 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Mineral names Stibnite, malachite, tetrahedrite, azurite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Type of operation Underground, surface. Road requirement <50 km. 
 
 Mining method Unknown. Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 Year of discovery Prior to 1936. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production About 1936. 
 
 Last production 1968. 
 
 Past production 68 t Sb metal (376). 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 376, 693. USGS quad maps Millett, 1:260,000. 
 
 Austin, 16'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320160193. 
 
 Comments: Stibnite occurs as blebs, small pods, and single crystals. 
 
121 
 
 HEAVY SPAR— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaSOt 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Swales Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 1,686 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 25 km north of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 10, T 35 N, R 52 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°56'12" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°06'51" W. 
 
 Owner New Park Resources, Inc., Metairie, LA (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 IVpe of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 15° E: 45° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 213. 
 
 Width 91. 
 
 Thickness 16. 
 
 Depth to 16. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1963. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1981. 
 
 Last production 1983. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Host formation Vinini. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Siltstone, replaced by ore. 
 
 Chert, encloses ore. 
 
 Shale, encloses ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 87, 186, 226, 283, 349, 646, 669. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:260,000. 
 
 Swales Mountain, 7.6'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070098. 
 
 Mid number 2601673. 
 
 Comments: The property ceased production in 1983 because of depressed barite market conditions. The Heavy Spar may be an extension of the Fish 
 Creek deposit in sec. 2, T 36 N, R 52 E. 
 
122 
 
 HOLLYWOOD— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: Lakeview, Antelope Springs, Lee 
 
 Commodities: Sb, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Pershing. 
 
 Mining district Antelope Springs (Relief, Pershing). 
 
 Elevation 1,390 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 Owner Alma D. Priester (1960). 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 35° to 60° W: 60° to 65° NE. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length >50. 
 
 Width Unknown. 
 
 Thickness 0.5. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Stibnite, pyrite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Unknown. 
 
 Year of discovery 1864. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1916. 
 
 Last production 1967. -,.,.. 
 
 Past production 464 t Sb metal {376). 
 
 General location About 29 km east of Lovelock. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 2, T 26 N, R 34 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°08'54" N. 
 
 Longitude 118°07'04" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Grass Valley. 
 
 Geologic age Upper Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Calcareous shale, near ore. 
 
 Limestone, near ore. 
 
 Siltstone, near ore. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location 
 
 <10km. 
 <3 km. 
 <50 km. 
 
 Ore shipped to Austin, NV, for 
 milling in 1967. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 329, 376, 718. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Lovelock, 1:250,000. 
 
 Buffalo Mountain, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320270361. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M060417. 
 
 Comments: Principal period of production from the Hollywood Mine was during World War I. 
 
123 
 
 HORSE CANYON— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Cortez-Mill Canyon. 
 
 Elevation 2,530 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 100 km southwest of Elko. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 3, T 26 N, R 48 E (unsurveyed). 
 
 Latitude 40°08'50" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°32'45" W. 
 
 Owners Placer U.S., Inc., San Francisco, CA (subsidiary of Placer Development, Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada); Kennecott Copper 
 
 Corp., Salt Lake City, UT; Vernon F. Taylor, Jr. (1984). 
 Operator Cortez Gold Mines (operational entity of Placer U.S., Inc.) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Ore controls Faults, fractures, lithology. 
 
 Planned pit size 27 ha (68 acres). 
 
 MinersJ neunes Native gold, quartz, iron oxides, clays, 
 
 barite, jeisperoid, jarosite. 
 
 Host formation Vinini (upper plate of Roberts Mountains 
 
 Thrust Fault). 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Shale, in part cherty and carbonaceous, 
 
 ore host. 
 Siltstone, ore host. 
 Rhyolite dikes, near ore, intrudes host 
 
 (Miocene). 
 Silicified jasperoid breccia, hosted in 
 Vinini. 
 
 Alteration Silicification, iron staining, bleaching. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface, mine rate about 660,000 
 
 t/a ore; stripping ratio is about 3:1 
 
 (waste:ore). 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Initial production February 1983 (mining); 
 
 May 1983 (milling). 
 
 Annual production rate 
 
 600 kg (20,000 tr oz) Au (1983); 
 then 1,200 kg (40,000 tr oz) Au thereafter. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site at Cortez. 
 
 Road requirement About 22 km to Cortez mill. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Existing to Cortez mill. 
 
 Mill location Cortez mill (22 km haulage from 
 
 mine). 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Agitated tank cyanide leach (CIL-carbon 
 
 in leach), carbon columns, pressure 
 
 stripping, electrolysis-steel wool, 
 
 smelting. 
 
 Process rate 1,800 t/d (2,000 ton/d). 
 
 Product type Dore buttons. • 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 3,121,000 t 1.89 g/t Au ..... .1982 564 
 
 2. . Do 3,400,000 tons 0.055 tr oz/ton Au . . 1983 169 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 27, 84, 90, 100, 169, 170, 219, 426, 513, 564, 593, 692, 780, 781, 785. USGS quad maps .... ....... Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Cortez, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320110228. 
 
 Comments: The Horse Canyon ore is milled at the Cortez mill. The Cortez gold deposit was mined until 1973 when mining operations shifted west to 
 Placer Amex's Gold Acres gold deposit across the valley. Mining and milling continued until February 1976. Cortez and Gold Acres dumps 
 were leached to 1980. In 1980, mining on other Cortez and Gold Acres dumps began; Cortez material was leached and Gold Acres material 
 milled. Horse Canyon ore replaced output from Cxold Acres low-grade dumps in May 1983. The Cortez dumps were still actively being mined 
 and leached in late 1983. Company reported mine life is less than 5 jrr from 1983. 
 
124 
 
 INDIAN SPRINGS— TUNGSTEN 
 
 Alternate names: None Commodities: W 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 Coimty Elko. Creneral location About 82 km northeast of Wells. 
 
 Mining district Delano. Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Elevation 2,047 m. Tract Sec. 10, T 43 N, R 68 E. 
 
 Topography Rugged. Latitude 41°37'29" N. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. Longitude 114°14'46" W. 
 
 Owner Norman Ludwig; AZL Resources, Inc., Phoenix, AZ; Utah International, Inc., San Framcisco, CA (1981). 
 
 Operator Utah International, Inc. (1981). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Stockwork, replacement. Host formation Pequop. 
 
 Ol*igin Hydrothermal, contact metasomatic. Geologic age Upper Permian. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregiilar. Rock relationships Sandstone, ore in fi-actures, replaced 
 
 Ore controls Contact zone, igneous. by ore. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 30° E: 90° E. Size Large. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,524. 
 
 Width 150. 
 
 Thickness 30. 
 
 Depth 30. 
 
 Mineral names Scheelite, garnet, powellite, pyrite, 
 
 chalcopyrite, molybdenite, galena, sphalerite, tetrahedrite, chalcocite, 
 argentite, bomite, covellite, magnetite, goethite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-developed deposit. Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Year of discovery 1951. Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production None. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade Year Reference 
 
 1. .Not reported in reference 43,600,000 tons 0.164% WO, 1970 147 
 
 2. . Do 13,900,000 tons 0.265% WO, 1970 147 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 147, 226, 278, 538, 661, 669. USGS quad maps Wells, 1:250,000. 
 
 Delano Mountain, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070016. 
 
 USGS MRDS number D002193. 
 
-^ 
 
 125 
 
 JUNGLE— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: Jungle A & B, Boies, Consolation, Jungle Extension, Ala 
 
 Commodities: BaSOt 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Snake Mountains. 
 
 Elevation 2,135 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed; patented mining cledms and 
 
 located mining claims on public lands 
 administered by BLM. 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridiem 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 48 km northeast of Wells. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 7, T 42 N, R 62 E. 
 
 41°32'30" N. 
 
 114°59'42" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Chromalloy American Corp., St. Louis, MO (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of Flat lying. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length >180. 
 
 Width 170. 
 
 Thickness 8.5. 
 
 Depth 35. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer (standby). 
 
 lype of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1955. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1977. 
 
 Last production 1981. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Host formation . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationship 
 
 Size , 
 
 Valmy. 
 
 Ordovician. 
 
 Chert, encloses ore. 
 
 Shale, encloses ore. 
 
 Conglomerate, encloses ore. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Mill location 
 
 Mill status 
 
 Milling method 
 
 Product type 
 
 Distance shipped 
 
 >10km. 
 None. 
 <50 km. 
 
 Off-site 18 km east. 
 Standby. 
 
 Crushing, screening, jigging. 
 Unground barite concentrate. 
 70 km to Wells, NV, by truck; then 
 2,350 km to Cyril, OK, by rail. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 77, 95, 123, 205, 226, 278, 646, 669, 688, 716, 775, 778. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Wells, 1:250,000. 
 
 Boies Reservoir, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070367. 
 
 Mid number 2601098. 
 
126 
 
 KAY-BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaS04 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Northumberland. 
 
 Elevation 2,820 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Chromalloy American Corp., St. Louis, MO (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement 
 
 Origin Sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 45° E: 10° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length Unknown. 
 
 Width Unknown. 
 
 Thickness 1.5. 
 
 Depth 11. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Type of operation Possible surface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1958. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size . 
 
 About 56 km southeeist of Austin. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 14, T 13 N, R 45 E. 
 
 38 ° 57 '50 "N. 
 
 116°51'58" W. 
 
 Pinecone. 
 
 Devonian. 
 
 Chert, encloses ore 
 
 Shale, encloses ore. 
 
 Greenstone, encloses ore. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location 
 
 On-site. 
 On-site. 
 <10 km. 
 No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 338, 357, 368, 546, 623, 624. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 Northumberland, 7.5', 
 0320230719. 
 
^qjg 
 
 127 
 
 LAKES-BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaSO, 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Lakes. 
 
 Elevation 2,220 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 46 km north of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 1, T 37 N, R 51 E. 
 
 Latitude 41''08'06'' N. 
 
 Longitude 116°11'36" W. 
 
 Owner 25 Corporation, Lincoln, NE; ML Baroid (a division of NL Industries, Inc., New York, NY~lessee) (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Bedded. 
 
 Origin Replacement. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, massive. 
 
 Strike and dip of S 45° W: 5° S. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 320 
 
 Width 185. 
 
 Thickness 45. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Ciirrent status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1955. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1973. 
 
 Last production 1981. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Host formation Vinini. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Chert, lies under ore, replaced by ore. 
 
 Tuffs, lies over ore. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 l..Not reported in reference.. 
 
 87, 226, 304, 546, 669. 
 
 Quantity 
 8,000,000 tons . 
 
 Grade Year 
 
 4.10 sp gr 1982 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 Reference 
 304 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250,000. 
 
 Lake Mountain, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070354. 
 
 Mid number 2600959. 
 
 Comments: Ownership of the Lakes deposit has been the subject of 2.5 yr of litigation. In June 1982, the Nevada Supreme Court ruled in favor of NL Industries. 
 
128 
 
 LINKA-TUNGSTEN 
 
 Alternate names: Gametite, Spruce 
 Mountain, Toiyabe Claims 
 
 Commodities: W, Mo 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Elevation 1,800 m. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Consolidated Uranium Mines, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT (1972). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, sheEur zone. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatism, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, contact zone. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 153. 
 
 Width 12. 
 
 Thickness 46. 
 
 Mineral names Scheelite, quartz, garnet, epidote, 
 
 calcite, molybdenite, pyrite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size . 
 
 About 27 km southeast of Austin. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 18, T 17 N, R 45-1/2 E. 
 
 39°19'00" N. 
 
 116°50'00" W. 
 
 Antelope Valley. 
 
 Ordovician. 
 
 Marble, lies along ore. 
 
 Hornfels, lies along ore. 
 
 Limestone, replaced by ore. 
 
 Skarn, is ore, gangue. 
 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface-underground. 
 
 Year of discovery 1941. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Distance to water supply , 
 Distance to power supply , 
 
 <3 km. 
 <50 km. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 404, 693, 733. USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 USGS MRDS number . . . 
 
 Millett, 1:250,000. 
 Spencer Hot Springs, 15'. 
 0320150011. 
 M030019. 
 
129 
 
 MAGGIE CREEK-GOLD 
 
 Ore body names: Main, West 
 
 Commodities: Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Maggie Creek (Schroeder). 
 
 Elevation 1,603 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed, private, private lease, 
 
 BLM administered. 
 
 Greneral location About 11 km north of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 4, T 34 N, R 51 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°51'49" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°14'47" W. 
 
 Owner Newmont Mining Corp., New York, NY (1985). 
 
 Operator Carlin Gold Mining Co. (subsidiary of Newmont Mining Corp.) (1985). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, replacement, stratiform. 
 
 (Mgin Hydrothermal, oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls High-angle fault, northeast-trend- 
 ing fracture zone, lithology. 
 Strike of mineralized About N 30° E. 
 
 zone. 
 Age of mineralization . . . Mid-Tertiaiy. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Main West 
 
 Length 730 120 
 
 Width 60 to 180 120 
 
 Thickness 40 (estimated) 40 (estimated) 
 
 Pit area 85.7 ha (210 acres). 
 
 Mineral names Native gold, pyrite, quartz, clays, 
 
 carbon (not associated with gold), barite, chert, illite, kaolinite, 
 montmorillonite. 
 
 Host formation 
 
 (jleologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Size . 
 
 Roberts Mountains (upper plate of 
 Roberts Mountains Thrust Fault). 
 
 Upper Silurian. 
 
 Argillaceous dolomitic limestone, 
 ore in fractures, replaced by ore, 
 gangue. 
 
 Siltstone, ore in fractures, re- 
 placed by ore, gangue. 
 
 Shale, ore in iractxires, replaced by 
 ore, gangue. 
 
 Sandstone, ore in fractures, gangue. 
 
 Silicification, decarbonation, 
 argillization. 
 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit, about 15,000 t/d ore 
 
 and waste mined. Mining began 
 
 in July 1980. 
 
 Year of discovery 1976-77. 
 
 Discovery method (jeological inference, drilling. 
 
 Initiad production April 1981 fleach facility 
 
 commissioned). 
 Past production 987.19 kg (31,739 tr oz) Au from 
 
 240,794 t (265,430 tons) ore 
 
 treated (1983) (511). 
 Annual production 450,000 t (600,000 tons) leaching grade 
 
 ore; estimated 220,000 t (240,000 tons) 
 
 milling grade. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site wells. 
 
 Road requirement 23 km to Carlin mill. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site diesel electric generation, 
 
 1,300 kW (four 275-kW units, one 
 200-kW standby unit). 
 
 Mill location Heap leach-on-site; milling ore to 
 
 Carlin mill. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling methods Leaching grade ore-cyanide agglom- 
 eration, cyanide heap leach, carbon 
 adsorption, electrolysis, smelting. 
 Milling grade-agitated cyanide 
 leach, CCD, Merrill-Crowe 
 zinc precipitation. 
 
 Process rate Leaching grade-2,300 t/d (450,000 t/a). 
 
 Milling grade~l,040 t/d is trucked and 
 processed at Carlin mill. 
 
 Product type Dore bullion approximately 960 fine. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 4,350,000 t' . . . 
 
 2..Proven and probable 3,606,000 tons . 
 
 Above contains 2,202,000 tons . 
 
 27, 59, 90, 129, 184, 319, 398, 400, 435, 505, 508, 511, 593, 
 688, 832. 
 
 3.20 g/t Au (milling plus leaching grade) 1980 435 
 
 0.079 tr oz/ton Au 1983 511 
 
 0.037 tr oz/ton Au 1983 511 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Schroeder Mountain, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110182. 
 
 Mid nvmiber 2601635. 
 
 Comments: Maggie Creek deposit adjoins the Gold Quarry property. 
 
 •Published reserves consist of about 2.09 million t, 5.14 g/t Au milling grade ore, and 2.26 million t, 1.3 g/t Au leaching grade. Anticipated last 
 year of production is 1986. 
 
130 
 
 MAMMOTH-FLUORINE 
 
 Alternate names: Star Mine, Perkins Claim, Perkins Prospect, Pine Creek Prospect, 
 Carlson Prospect, Rocket Group and Big Jim, Jumbo Prospect, Horseshoe, Northern 
 Horseshoe, Higrade, White Horse, North Star Group 
 
 Commodities: CaF, 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Quinn Canyon Range. 
 
 Elevation 2,256 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 Owner Norman E. Wood (1976). 
 
 Type of ore body Breccia fill, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular, lenticular. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, contact zone. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 15° E: 15° to 30° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 229. 
 
 Width 30. 
 
 Thickness 30. 
 
 Mineral names Fluorspar, jasper, calcite. 
 
 General location About 101 km west of Caliente. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 2, T 3 N, R 56 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°09'04" N. 
 
 Longitude 115°39'20" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Antelope Formation. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Limestone, ore in fractures, 
 
 replaced by ore. 
 
 Host formation Shingle Pass. 
 
 Geologic age Tertiary. 
 
 Rock relationships Unspecified extrusive, ore in 
 
 fractures. 
 
 Host formation Needles Range. 
 
 Geologic age Tertiary. 
 
 Rock relationships Unspecified extrusive, ore in 
 
 fractures. 
 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored prospect. Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Year of discovery 1943. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 281, 283, 357, 545, 604, 733, 815, 816. 
 
 USGS quad maps Lund, 1:250,000. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230202. 
 
131 
 
 MANHATTAN-GOLD 
 
 Related names: Houston Oil & Minerals Manhattan (HIMCO) Project Claim Group 
 includes Big Four, Mayflower, Reilly Fraction, Iron Queen, Iron King, Gold Wedge, 
 Little Grey, Jumping Jack, June, St. George, Stray Dog, Skookum 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Manhattan. 
 
 Elevation 1,290 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 56 km northeast of Tonopah. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 23, T 8 N, R 44 E. 
 
 38° 32 19" N. 
 
 117°00'31" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Tenneco Minerals Corp., Inc., Houston, TX (1985). 
 
 (Mining is by contractor-W.E. Vining, Csirson City, NV.) 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, stockwork-quartz 
 
 veining. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faults, iractures (joints). 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Miocene (16 million yr.) 
 
 Mineral names Free gold, electrum, quartz, calcite, 
 
 adularia, manganese oxide, pyrite, iron oxide. 
 
 Host formation (Jold Hill. 
 
 Geologic age Cambrian. 
 
 Rock relationships Schist, ore in fractures, gangue. 
 
 Pyrite, shale, ore in fractures, 
 
 gangue. 
 Quartzite, sandstone, ore in 
 fractures, gangue. 
 
 Alteration Pyritization. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit (by contract); about 
 
 2,700 t/d ore. 
 
 Year of discovery 1866, silver first discovered in 
 
 district; 1905, gold discovered. 
 Discovery method Geochemical, drilling. 
 
 Initial production 1980 by HIMCO; late 1983 for 
 
 Tenneco. 
 Last production Late 1982 by HIMCO; ongoing for 
 
 Tenneco (1985). 
 Annual production rate . Between 810 kg Au and 840 kg Au 
 
 anticipated (26,000 to 27,000 
 
 tr oz). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement Existing. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Unknown. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Gravity concentration, flotation, 
 
 batch cyanide agitated leach, 
 Merrill-Crowe zinc precipitation. 
 
 Process rate Crusher about 2,700 t/d; flotation 
 
 about 1,369 t/d. 
 
 Product type Au-Ag precipitate. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 l...Proven 5,000,000 tons , 
 
 90, 136, 191, 192, 194, 311, 357, 368, 378, 494, 584, 719, 
 768. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 0.036 tr oz/ton Au 1983 311 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 Manhattan, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230395. 
 
 Mid number 2601566. 
 
 Comments: The mine was' temporarily shut down between January 1982 and fall of 1983. 
 
132 
 
 McARTHUR-COPPER 
 
 Alternate names: None Commodities: Cu 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Lyon. General location About 45 km southeast of Carson 
 
 Mining district Mason. City. 
 
 Elevation 1,438 m. Meridian Moimt Diablo. 
 
 Topography Gentle. Tract Sec. 25, T 14 N, R 24 E. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. Latitude 39°02'56" N. 
 
 Longitude 119°14'17" W. 
 
 Ovimer The Anaconda Minertds Co., Denver, CO (a wholly owned subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield Co., Denver, CO) (1979). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, breccia fill. Host formation Igneous intrusive. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic, hydrothermal. Geologic age Mesozoic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Unknown. Rock relationships Quartz monzonite, replaced by ore. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous, fracturing, faulting. gangue. 
 
 Strike of mineralized N 70° W. Breccia, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 zone. Size Large. 
 
 Mineral names Chalcocite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, 
 
 cuprite, malachite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored prospect. Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Discovery method Trenching, drilling. Distance to power supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Last production 1943. 
 
 Past production Reported 5 carloads ore shipped in 
 
 1943 (695). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade Year Reference 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 13,000,000 tons 0.43% Cu 1976 822 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 126, 128, 453, 567, 695, 822, 824. USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 Wabuska, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320190023. 
 
 Comments: Extensive exploration done by the Bureau in 1948-50; further drilling done by Anaconda Co. in 1974. 
 
133 
 
 McDERMITT-MERCURY 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Hg 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Humboldt. 
 
 Mining district Opalite (Cordero). 
 
 Elevation 1,402 m. 
 
 Topography Flat. 
 
 Domain Mixed; BLM administered, public 
 
 lands-private. 
 
 General location About 10 km southwest of McDermitt. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 27, T 47 N, R 37 E. 
 
 Latitude 41 "5513" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°48'37" W. 
 
 Ovraer-operator Placer U.S. Inc., San Francisco, CA (subsidiary of Placer Development Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada), 51% (1983). 
 
 Owner Sterling Mineral Venture, 49% (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular overall. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 45° W: 4° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Miocene. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 760. 
 
 Width 670. 
 
 Thickness 6. 
 
 Depth 30. 
 
 Mineral names Cinnabar, corderoite, montmorillonite, 
 
 chalcedony, iron and manganese oxides, calcite, cristobalite, gypsum, 
 alunite, apatite, stibnite, alpha tridynite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Alteration 
 Size 
 
 Tuffaceous sediment (lake beds). 
 
 Miocene. 
 
 Clay, is ore, encloses ore. 
 
 Chert, under ore, is ore. 
 
 Argillic. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; overall stripping ratio 
 
 is about 4.7:1 waste:ore. 
 
 Year of discovery 1941 (drill penetration of ore body). 
 
 Discovery method Geological inference. 
 
 Initied production 1975 (stripping began in 1974). 
 
 Past production 237,000 t, 4.51 kg/t Hg ore milled; 
 
 489,000 kg Hg metal production 
 
 (1981) (564). 
 
 273,000 t, 4.06 kg/t Hg ore milled; 
 452,000 kg Hg metal production 
 
 (1982) {5641 
 
 Annual production rate . About 240,000 t ore and 20,000 
 flasks. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site wells. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Flotation, distillation. 
 
 Process rate 2,200 t/d ore, 90 t/h (furnace- 
 
 0.45 t/h Hg concentrate). 
 Product type Refined mercury. 
 
 Distance shipped 4,348 km. 
 
 Destination New York, NY, and various other 
 
 national locations. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 1. .Indicated 
 
 2..Measured 
 
 3.. Do 
 
 4.. Do 
 
 Quantity 
 
 3,000,000 tons . 
 1,648,000 t . . . . 
 
 1,410,000 t 
 
 1,202,000 t 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 10 lb Hg/ton 1976 596 
 
 0.5 wt pet Hg 1980 563 
 
 5.15 kg/t Hg 1981 564 
 
 4.44 kg/t Hg 1982 564 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 7, 29, 104, 202, 229, 276, 406, 466, 468, 474, 563, 564, 
 596, 602, 615, 639, 642, 643, 673, 725, 801, 845. 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250,000. 
 
 Jordan Meadows, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320130259. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M054731. 
 
 Mid number 2600646. 
 
 Comments: Largest mercury producer in the United States. Individual ore bodies are asymmetric lenslike bodies that thin and decrease in grade away 
 from hot spring centers of mineralization. Reported final pit depth will be about 50 m. The ore body is estimated to contain 400,000 flasks 
 of mercury. 
 
134 
 
 McGILL TAILINGS-COPPER 
 
 Alternate names: Keystone Dumps 
 
 Commodities: Cu 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County White Pine. 
 
 Mining district Robinson Canyon. 
 
 Elevation 1,865 m. 
 
 Topography Gentle. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 19 km northeast of Ely. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 29, T 18 N, R 64 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°23'55" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°47'44" W. 
 
 Owner Kennecott Copper Corp., Salt Lake City, UT (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Mill waste, tailings. 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Mining method Surface. 
 
 Identified resources Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 40,000,000 to 
 
 80,000,000 
 
 0.3 to 0.4% Cu 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 Year Reference 
 1979 413 
 
 160, 284, 413. 473, 477. 
 
 USGS quad maps Ely, 1:250,000. 
 
 McGill, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320330056. 
 
 Comments: The tailings deposit at McGill represents a 70-yr accumulation of tailings from the adjacent concentrator. Over the years the "natural classification 
 of the coarse and heavy particles resulted in a deposit of minable grade copper-bearing material suitable for concentrating and smelting" (473). 
 In 1978-79, Kennecott conducted exploration and feasibility studies on the deposit. In the fall of 1979, Kennecott annotmced that recovery 
 of copper from about 800 ha (2,000 acres) awaited only a corporate go-ahead. It was stated that an investment of $15 million would be required 
 and would "pay for itself in less than a year" U60). The plan was to use conveyors to transport 9.5 million t (10.5 million tons) annually back 
 to the mill and smelter facilities for reprocessing. Recycling of the 0.5% Cu tailings would take between 8 and 10 yr U60). 
 
135 
 
 MINNESOTA— IRON 
 
 Alternate names: Standard Slag Mine, Minnesota Copper Lode Claim 
 
 Commodities: Fe 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Douglas. 
 
 Mining district Buckskin. 
 
 Elevation 1,823 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 38 km southeast of Carson 
 
 City. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 19, T 14 N, R 24 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°04'04" N. 
 
 Longitude 119°20'00" W. 
 
 Owners V. Cox; J. Adams; A. J. Hawkins; M. Russell; L. J. Anderson; Standard Slag Co., Reno, NV (1975). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 TVpe of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irreguleir. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, lithology. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 244. 
 
 Width 152. 
 
 Thickness 122. 
 
 Mineral names Magnetite, hematite, dolomite, pyrite, 
 
 chalcopyrite, martite, magnesite, malachite, chlorite, sericite. 
 
 Host formation Sedimentary Series. 
 
 Geologic age Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Dolomite, replaced by ore, gangue. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Surface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1900. 
 
 Discovery method Auxiliary mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1916. 
 
 Last production 1967. 
 
 Past production 4,000,000 t ore and concentrate through 
 
 1967 (454). 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 296, 381, 453, 454, 580. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 Como, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320050021 
 
 USGS MRDS number W016379. 
 
136 
 
 MODARELLI— IRON 
 
 Alternate names: Amarilla Deposit, Requa Mine, Simplot Mine 
 
 Conunodities: Fe 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Modarelli. 
 
 Elevation 2,067 m. 
 
 Topography Very rugged. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 Owner Linda and Vincent Modarelli (1981). 
 
 Owner-operator J. R. Simplot Co., Boise, ID (1981). 
 
 IVpe of ore body Replacement, stockwork. 
 
 O^gin Contact metasomatic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 45° W: 60° N. 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Mineral names Hematite, magnetite, quartz, 
 
 calcite, apatite. 
 
 General location About 39 km south of Cau-lin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 30, T 29 N, R 51 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°21'59" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°15'44" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Older Volcanic Series. 
 
 Geologic age Oligocene. 
 
 Rock relationships Tuff, near ore, 
 
 Dacite, near ore. 
 
 Latite, near ore. 
 
 Rhyolite, replaced by ore, ore in 
 fractures. 
 
 Andesite, lies under ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Siuface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1903. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1951. 
 
 Last production 1959. 
 
 Past production 406,000 t mined between 1951-59 (454). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade 
 
 l..Indicated. 44,000,000 long tons. 42.75% Fe, 1.05% P.O. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 Year Reference 
 1971 454 
 
 10, 76, 150, 235, 282, 324, 332, 366, 454, 462, 536, 568, 
 583, 593, 625, 733, 751. 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 USGS MRDS number . . . 
 
 Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 Frenchie Creek, 15'. 
 0320110028. 
 W016363. 
 
137 
 
 MONTANA MOUNTAINS— LITHIUM 
 
 Alternate names: McDermitt Caldera Lithium; Kings River Lithium; Uravada Commodities: Li, U 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Humboldt. General location About 48 km southwest of McDermitt. 
 
 Mining district None; closest is Opalite (McDermitt), Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 38 km northeast. Tract Sec. 24, T 45 N, R, 34 E. 
 
 Elevation 2,080 m. Latitude 41°45'44" N. 
 
 Domain Public, BLM administered. Longitude 118°06'29" W. 
 
 Owners J. M. Huber Corp., Macon, GA (1984); Chevron Resources, Denver, CO (1984); Jim and Grace LeBret, Frank and Ann 
 
 Bengoa, Orovada, NV (1984); Norman LeBret, Priscilla Vaagen, George and Lynn LeBret, Spoksme, WA (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Volcemic moat deposits. Host formation Tuffaceous sediments. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, hot springs. Geologic age Tertiary. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. Rock relationships Hectorite, is ore. 
 
 Ore controls Hot springs vent zones, moat sediments. Alteration Zeolite. 
 
 Strike and dip of Horizontal. Size Large. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Tertiary. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 15,000. 
 
 Width 1,000. 
 
 Thickness 75. 
 
 Depth 75. 
 
 Mineral names Smectite, calcite, chalcedony, analcime. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-exploration. Distance to water supply ... 6 km. 
 
 TVpe of operation Possible surface. Road requirement Paved haul road. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. Distance to power supply ... 5 km. 
 
 Year of discovery 1979. 
 
 Discovery method Field mapping, drilling. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 108, 125, 155, 221, 244, 379, 396, 397, 602, USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250,000. 
 
 603, 638, 801. Disaster Peak, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320130482. 
 
 Comments: Potentially the largest single lithium resource in the United States containing a drill-hole-indicated resource of 200 million t averaging 
 1.2% Li,0. 
 
138 
 
 MOUNT HOPE— MOLYBDENUM 
 
 Alternate neiines: Whim Shaft, Lorraine Workings, Nevada Mom Prospect 
 
 Commodities: Mo, Zn, Cd, 
 Pb, Cu, Ag, Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Mt. Hope. 
 
 Elevation 2,240 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 Owner EXXON Corp., New York, NY (1982). 
 
 Type of ore body Stockwork, disseminated 
 
 porphyry molybdenum. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Stockwork. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous, faulting, fracturing. 
 
 Pit average dimen- 
 sions (proposed), km: 
 
 Length 2. 
 
 Width 1.75. 
 
 Mineral names Molybdenite; other minerals unknown. 
 
 General location About 34 km southesist of Exireka. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 18, T 22 N, R 52 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°47'15" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°09'29" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation 
 Geologic age . . . 
 Size 
 
 Quartz porphyry (major host). 
 
 Mid-Tertiary. 
 
 Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-developing"-exploration. 
 
 Type of operation Surface (proposed). 
 
 Mining method Open pit; mining 27,000 t/d ore, 
 
 using large electric shovels 
 
 was proposed. 
 
 Year of discovery 1870 (Pb and Zn); 1981 (Mo dis- 
 covery announced). 
 Discovery method Drilling, geochemistry. 
 
 Initial production 1886. 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 16 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply ... 32 km. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status I*roposed. 
 
 Milling method Concentrator, hydrometEillurgical, 
 
 conversion plant (proposed). 
 
 Product type Molybdic acid, ferromolybdenum 
 
 (proposed). 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 450,000,000 tons ... 
 
 383, 395, 448, 593, 793, 813, 837. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 0.13% to 0.32% MoSj 1981 383 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Millett, 1:250,000. 
 
 Garden Valley, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110037. 
 
 USGS MRDS number W016396. 
 
 Mid number 2601132. 
 
 Conmients: Molybdenum was first observed in a drill hole drilled by Phillips Petroleum in 1970-71. The higher grade mineralization is reported to occxir 
 where the asymmetric halos of alteration and molybdenum mineralization merge around 2 deep coaxial stocks. Molybdenite has been reported 
 to occur at depths ranging from 46 m to 960 m. 
 
139 
 
 MOUNT WHEELER-BERYLLIUM 
 
 Alternate names: Pole Adit 
 
 Commodites: Be, CaF„ W 
 
 County White Pine. 
 
 Mining dirtrlet Mt. Waahlngton. 
 
 Elevation 2,377 m. 
 
 Topography Very r\igged. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Mt. Wheeler Mines, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, fiuure vein, shear zone. Host formation 
 
 Origin Ui^nown. Geologic age 
 
 Shape of ore body Lenticular. Rock relationships. ...... 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing, bedding. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: Size 
 
 Length 1,000. 
 
 Width 8. 
 
 Thickness 6. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Minered names Phenacite, fluorite, acheelite, beryl, 
 
 bertrandite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-developed. Distance to water supply . 
 
 Type of operation Possible underground. Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Year of discovery 1959. Mill location 
 
 Discovery method Auxiliary minerals in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 About 60 km southeast of Ely. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 16, T 12 N, R 68 E. 
 
 38°53'50" N. 
 
 114'2016" W, 
 
 Pioche Shale. 
 
 Cambrian. 
 
 Limestone, replaced by ore. 
 
 Shale, lies over ore. 
 
 Shale, lies under ore. 
 
 Large. 
 
 On-site. 
 None. 
 <10 km. 
 No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 119, 122, 249, 250, 275, 284, 359, 679, 797, 798. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 uses quad maps Lund, 1:250,000. 
 
 Wheeler Peak, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320330039. 
 
 USGS MRDS number D001197. 
 
140 
 
 MOUNTAIN SPRINGS— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: FMC Mine 
 
 Commodities: BaSO« 
 
 LOCATION^WNERSHIP 
 
 County Lander. 
 
 Mining district Mountain Springs. 
 
 Elevation 1,663 m. 
 
 Topography Rolling. 
 
 Domain Mixed, BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 39 km south of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 8, T 28 N, R 44 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°18'25" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°02'26" W. 
 
 Owner FMC Corp. Inc., Chicago, IL (1984). 
 
 Operator FMC Corp. Inc.; IMCO Services— milling (a wholly owned subsidiary of Halliburton Co., Dallas, TX) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 (Drigin Sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabiilar. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 30° W: 46° S. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 244. 
 
 Width 36. 
 
 Thickness 30. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Host formation Slaven. 
 
 (jreologic age Devonian. 
 
 Rock relationships Chert, lies over ore, encloses ore. 
 
 Limestone, lies over ore. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1947. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1962. 
 
 Last production Ongoing. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road reqviirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Producer-standby. 
 
 Milling method ('). 
 
 Process rate FMC-63,000 t/a; IMCO— 400,000 t/a. 
 
 Product type Crushed concentrated barite. 
 
 Distance shipped 44 km. 
 
 Destination Battle Mountain, NV. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 78, 87, 131, 173, 315, 330, 346, 347, 386, 392, 
 646, 648, 601, 688, 693, 736. 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 McCoy, 16'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320150072. 
 
 Mid number 2600401. 
 
 'FMC Corp. operates a small crushing and screening plant; IMCO Services operates a large beneficiation plant. The IMCO plant incorporates jig- 
 ging, tabling, eind flotation concentrating techniques. 
 
141 
 
 NEVADA MOLY— MOLYBDENUM 
 
 Alternate names: Anaconda-Nevada Moly Prospect, Hall Copper, Hall Hand 
 Property, Liberty Mine, San Antonio Mine, Hall Molly 
 
 Conunodites: Mo, Cu, Ag, 
 Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district San Antone. 
 
 Elevation 1,798 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 General location About 27 km northwest of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 5, T 5 N, R 42 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°19'23" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°17'31" W. 
 
 Owner-operator The Anaconda Minerals Co., Denver, CO (a wholly owned subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield Co., Denver, CO) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, stockwork, disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Pipelike, cylindrical. 
 
 Ore controls Contact zone, igneous, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 45° E: 15° to 50° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 760. 
 
 Width 760. 
 
 Thickness 40. 
 
 Depth 3. 
 
 Mineral names Creedite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite, 
 
 chalcocite, molybenite, pyrrhotite, malachite, azurite, 
 powellite, limonite, galena. 
 
 Host formation Valmy. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Quartz porphyry, is ore. 
 
 Metamorphosed sediments, ore in 
 fractures, along bedding planes. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer.' 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit, conventional truck and 
 
 shovel with 14-m benches. 
 
 Year of discovery 1863. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Production Full production capabilities reached 
 
 in December 1981. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Operating. 
 
 Milling method Two-product bulk flotation. 
 
 Process rate 20,000 t/d (full capacity). 
 
 Product type MoS, concentrate to leach plant; 
 
 Cu concentrate to smelter. MoS, 
 product capacity is estimated 7,260 t/a. 
 
 PU6USHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 455,000,000 t . . 
 
 26, 161, 181, 196, 279, 310, 355, 357, 368, 402, 420, 
 469, 472, 475, 599, 608, 619, 736, 759, 813, 837, 
 842. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 0.072% Mo, 0.06% Cu 1983 736 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 Sem Antonio Ranch, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230005. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030038. 
 
 Comments: Eighty percent of resotirce is in the quartz porphyry intrusive. 
 
 'The Nevada Moly Mine indeflnitely suspended operations in Jemuary 1985 because of poor market conditions. 
 
142 
 
 NEVADA SCHEELITE— TUNGSTEN 
 
 Alternate names: Leonard Mine 
 
 Commodities: W, Cu, Mo 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Mineral. 
 
 Mining district Regent-Rawhide. 
 
 Elevation 1,565 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 58 km northeast of Hawthorne. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 1, T 13 N, R 32 E. 
 
 Latitude 39-01 '00" N. 
 
 Longitude 118n9'30" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Natural Resources Development Ltd., Reno, NV (subsidiary of NRD Mining, Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada) (1982). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Shear zone, replacement. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Contact zone, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 25" E: 80° E. 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 2,000. 
 
 Width 20. 
 
 Mineral names Scheelite, wollastonite, garnet, pyrite, 
 
 chalcopyrite, molybdenite, magnetite, epidote, calcite. 
 
 Host formation Luning. 
 
 Geologic age Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Granite, lies along ore, lies over 
 
 ore. 
 
 Skam (tactite), is ore. 
 
 Limestone, lies along ore, replaced 
 by ore. 
 
 Homfels, lies along ore, near ore. 
 
 Tuff, near ore. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Overhand square set. 
 
 Year of discovery 1930. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1937. 
 
 Last production 1982. 
 
 Past production 301,000 stu' of WO, (704). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site; mill dismantled 1984. 
 
 Product type WO, concentrate (65%). 
 
 Distemce shipped 90 km by truck. 
 
 Destination Fallon, NV (Kennametal). 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 215, 275, 598, 704, 733, 740, 774. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Reno, 1:250,000. 
 
 Big Kasock Mountain, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320210033. 
 
 Mid number 2600614. 
 
 'stu = short ton unit = 20 lb of contained WO,. 
 
143 
 
 NORTHUMBERLAND— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Cyprus Northumberland 
 Ore body names: Chipmunk, Main 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 (Au-Ag ratio = 2:1) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 Coimty Nye. 
 
 Mining district Northumberland. 
 
 Elevation 2,600 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 General location About 120 km northeast of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 24, T 13 N, R 45 E (unsurveyed). 
 
 Latitude 38°57'29" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°50'44" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Cyprus Northumberland Mining Co., Austin, NV (subsidiary of Amoco Metals Co., Englewood, CO) (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, stratabound, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular, relatively tabular or flat. 
 
 Ore controls Faults, igneous contact, fractures, 
 
 lithology. 
 
 Strike of mineralized West-northwest. 
 
 zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Late Cretaceous (84.6 million yr). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions 
 
 Length 1,100. 
 
 Width 240. 
 
 Thickness 18 to 21. 
 
 Depth to 9 (Main). 
 
 Mineral names Gold, arsenopyrite, pyrite, stibnite, 
 
 realgar, orpiment, cinnabar, calcite, quartz, jasperoid, dolomite, 
 
 barite, carbon. 
 
 Host formations Vinini. 
 
 Roberts Mountains. 
 
 Geologic ages Ordovician. 
 
 Silurian. 
 
 Rock relationships Tuff, lies above ore. 
 
 Carbonaceous shales, contains 
 
 disseminated gold (Vinini). 
 Calcareous siltstone, contains 
 
 disseminated gold (Vinini). 
 Jasperoid replaced limestone, 
 
 portions are ore, lies above ore. 
 Jursissic granitic intrusive, occurs 
 as sills in host rocks, is 
 mineralized. 
 
 Alteration Silicification, argillic (Paleozoic), 
 
 sericitic (intrusive). 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Conventional open pit; mine about 
 
 4,500 t/d ore. 
 
 Year of discovery 1936 flow-grade gold in district). 
 
 Discovery method Surface sampling and drilling. 
 
 Initial production Early 1981 (Cyprus-Amoco). 
 
 Annual production rate . About 620 kg Au (20,000 tr oz). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site, 3 wells at mill. 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site, diesel electric generator. 
 
 Mill location Off-site, 14 km. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Cyanide heap leach, carbon adsorption 
 
 columns, stripping, electro-winning, 
 
 smelting. 
 Process rate Crusher— 4,500 t/d (5,000 ton/d), 
 
 5d/wk. 
 Product t3rpe Au-Ag dore bullion. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 l..Proven 6,000,000 tons 
 
 2..Not reported in reference 17,000,000 tons 
 
 60, 61, 207, 222, 232, 338, 357, 368, 403, 404, 405, 
 461, 480, 539, 599, 601, 616, 623, 624, 630, 692, 
 752, 761, 773, 831. 
 
 0.065 tr oz/ton Au 1979 831 
 
 0.045 tr oz/ton Au 1981 61 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 Northumberland Pass, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230403. 
 
 Mid number 2601661. 
 
 Comments: Ore reportedly occurs in and adjacent to a thrust fault separating lower plate Roberts Mountains Formation from upper plate Vinini Forma- 
 tion. Amoco 1983 operational plans were to mine the Main ore body to completion in 1985, then mine the Chipmunk ore body from 1985 to 
 1993. The crusher is co-located with the ore bodies; crushed ore is hauled west to the leaching facility at the mouth of West Northumberlsmd 
 Canyon in Big Smoky Valley. Ore heaps for leaching will be constructed at the rate of 5 to 6 per year. Heaps measure about 1,000 m long, 
 46 m wide, and 6 m high. 
 
144 
 
 NYCO— FLUORINE 
 
 Alternate names: Spar #1-3 
 
 Commodities: CaFi 
 
 LOCATION-OWNEBSmP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Quinn Canyon Range. 
 
 Elevation 2,560 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 General location About 117 km west of Pioche. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 34, T 3 N, R 55 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°04'42" N. 
 
 Longitude 115°46'05" W. 
 
 Owner C. Solan, 33%; W. Stable, 33%; Don W. Terrill, 33% (1981). 
 
 Operator Teledyne Wah Chang (subsidiary of Teledyne Industries, Los Angeles, CA) (1957). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein, breccia fill. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Lenticular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 80° E: 49° N. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Minercdized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 91. 
 
 Width 91. 
 
 Thickness 9. 
 
 Mineral names Fluorite, sericite, kaolinite, quartz, pyrite. 
 
 Host formation Shingle Pass Tuff. 
 
 Geologic age Tertiary. 
 
 Rock relationships Tuff, ore in fractures. 
 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Year of discovery 1950. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1951. 
 
 Last production Undetermined. 
 
 Past production 998 t. 
 
 Road requirement <10 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 281, 283, 357, 545, 604, 733, 815, 816. 
 
 USGS quad maps Lund, 1:250,000. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230201. 
 
145 
 
 OVERTON— MAGNESITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: MgO 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 Coimty Clark. 
 
 Mining district Overton. 
 
 Elevation 463 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 Owner Laura Gentry, Las Vegas, NV (1983). 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, lenticular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 20° W: 34° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 3,000. 
 
 Width 18. 
 
 Thickness 90. 
 
 Depth 12. 
 
 Mineral names Magnesite, quartz, feldspar, 
 
 plagioclase, dolomite. 
 
 General location About 20 km southeast of Moapa. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 34, T 16 S, R 67 E. 
 
 Latitude 36°30'05" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°29'04" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Horse Spring. 
 
 Geologic age Tertiary. 
 
 Rock relationships Siltstone, lies under ore. 
 
 Dolomite, replaced by ore, gangue. 
 
 Siltstone, lies over ore. 
 
 Conglomerate, lies over ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. Distance to water supply . 
 
 Type of operation Surface. Road requirement 
 
 Mining method Open pit. Distance to power supply . 
 
 Mill location 
 
 Year of discovery 1915. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production Unknown. 
 
 Last production Unknown. 
 
 Past production Small— data not available. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 <3 km. 
 None. 
 <10 km. 
 No mill. 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 850,000 tons' 
 
 2.. Do 3,700,000 tons' 
 
 3.. Do 5,100,000 tons' 
 
 266, 386. 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 38% MgO (minimum) 1936 266 
 
 34% MgO (minimum) 1936 266 
 
 30% MgO (minimum) 1936 266 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Las Vegas, 1:250,000. 
 
 Overton, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320030011. 
 
 'In beds 6 in. or more thick. Tonnages are cumulative. 
 
146 
 
 P ft 8-BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: Old Soldier Mine 
 
 Commodltiea: BaSO« 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining diitrict Northumberland. 
 
 Elevation 2,440 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain National forest. 
 
 Owner Standard Slag Co., Reno, NV (1983). 
 
 IVpe of ore body Stratiform. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation, metamorphism. 
 
 Shape of ore body Lenticular, 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 45° E: 16° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 160. 
 
 Width 135. 
 
 Thickness 36. 
 
 Depth 50. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 General location About 62 km southeast of Austin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 14, T 13 N, R 46 E. 
 
 Latitude 3e'68'll'' N. 
 
 Longitude 116<'62'47" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Pinecone. 
 
 Geologic age Middle Devonian. 
 
 Rock relationships Chert, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 ' Quartzite, encloses ore, gangue. 
 \ Siltstone, encloses ore, gangue. 
 \ Shale, encloses ore, gangue. 
 ' Dacite, near ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1961. 
 
 Discovery method Unknown. 
 
 Initial production 1977. 
 
 Last production 1985. 
 
 Past production 713,782 t ore (1978-80) (16). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distftnce to power supply . . . <100 km. 
 
 Mill location Fallon, NV. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Flotation. 
 
 Process rate 130 t/d. 
 
 Product type Crushed barite. 
 
 Distance shipped 695 km. 
 
 Destination Bakersfield, CA. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 16, 87, 338, 357, 368, 546, 623, 624. 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 Jet Springs, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230716. 
 
 Mid number 2600823. 
 
147 
 
 PAN AMERICAN-LEAO-ZfNC 
 
 Alternate names; St. Patrick Mining Co. 
 
 Commodities: Zn, Pb, Ag, 
 Au, Mn, Fe 
 
 County Lincoln. 
 
 Mining district Comet. 
 
 Elevation 1,964 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Resco International, Houston, TX (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 TVpe of ore body Replacement, fissure vein. Host formation . . . 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. Geologic age 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, faulting. Rock relationships . 
 
 Strike and dip of North-south: 10° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 430. ^Size 
 
 Width 200. 
 
 Thickness 6. 
 
 Depth 250. 
 
 Mineral names Sphalerite, galena, psilomelane, pyrolusite. 
 
 About 16 km southwest of Pioche. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 9, T 1 S, R 66 E. 
 
 37°52'16" N. 
 
 114«36'19" W. 
 
 Combined Metals Member of Pioche 
 
 Shale. 
 Lower Cambrian. 
 Shale, lies over ore, near ore. 
 Limestone, lies over ore, replaced 
 
 by ore. 
 Lamprophyre, lies along ore, lies 
 
 over ore. 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Room and pillar. 
 
 Year of discovery 1929. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. ' 
 
 Initial production 1947. 
 
 Last production 1978. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location 
 
 On-site. 
 
 None. 
 
 On-site. 
 
 Pan American ore was concentrated 
 
 at the Caselton mill diving its 
 
 last period of production. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 l..Provon' , 
 
 Quantity 
 2,196,000 tons . 
 
 168, 216, 274, 322, 720, 721, 724, 791. 
 
 Grade 
 Pb, 1.17%; Zn, 2.45%; Ag, 2.07% (sic) 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USCtS quad maps 
 
 Year Reference 
 1982 168 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 USGS MRDS number . . . 
 Mid number 
 
 Caliente, 1:250,000. 
 Bennett Pass, 7.5'. 
 0320170045. 
 M032032. 
 02600229. 
 
 'Reserves listed under St. Patrick Mining Co., Inc. 
 
148 
 
 PHELPS-STOKES— IRON 
 
 Alternate names: Iron Mountain Claims, Stokes Iron Mine, 
 Phelps-Stokes Iron Deposit 
 
 Commodities: Fe 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Gabbs. 
 
 Elevation 1,865 m. 
 
 Topography Gentle. 
 
 Domain Mixed, private. 
 
 General location About 80 km northeast of Hawthorne. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 21, T 12 N, R 37 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°53'14" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°49'45" W. 
 
 Owner Grace Church; Standard Slag Co., Reno, NV (1975). 
 
 Operator Standard Slag Co. (1975). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 TVpe of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, lithology, contact zone. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 75° W: 60° N. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 550. 
 
 Width 61. 
 
 Thickness 122. 
 
 Mineral names Magnetite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, hematite, 
 
 gypsum, chlorite, sericite, actinolite, phlogopite, kaolin, calcite, 
 augite, quartz, feldspar. 
 
 Host formation Liming. 
 
 Geologic age Upper Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Shale, lies above ore. 
 
 Dolomite, encloses ore. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Ciirrent status Inactive-psist producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Yeeo- of discovery 1902. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1949. 
 
 Last production 1957. 
 
 Past production : 1,200,000 t shipping grade ore and 
 
 concentrates (454). 
 
 Distance to water supply. 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply. 
 
 <10 km. 
 None. 
 <50 km. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 357, 368, 454, 580, 750. 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 Paradise Peak, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320230155. 
 
149 
 
 PINSON— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Ogee-Pinson 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag, 
 Hg (recovered byproduct) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Humboldt. 
 
 Mining district Potosi. 
 
 Elevation 1,600 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 64 km northeast of Winnemucca. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 32, T 38 N, R 42 E. 
 
 Latitude 41°07'45" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°17'30" W. 
 
 Owner . . . 
 Operator . 
 
 J. S. Livermore, P. E. Galli, D. M. Duncan (21%); Lacana Mining, Inc. (26.25%); Rayrock Mines, Inc. (26.6%); United 
 
 Siscoe Mines, Inc. (26.26%); all of Toronto, ON, Canada (1986). 
 Pinson Mining Co., Winnemucca, NV (1985). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, breccia fill, replacement 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, fractures, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of Northeast; 40° to 50° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Late Cretaceous (90 million yr). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 370. 
 
 Width 130 (downdip). 
 
 Thickness 66. 
 
 Depth About 6. 
 
 Mineral names Gold, quartz, chalcedony, pyrite, 
 
 marcasite, sericite, kaolinite, calcite, jasper, cinnabar. 
 
 Host formation 
 
 . . . . Comus. 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships 
 
 . . . . Thin-bedded siltstone and limestone. 
 
 
 contains lower grade ore. 
 
 
 Massive limestone, replaced by ore. 
 
 
 lies above ore. 
 
 
 Jasperoid breccia, replaces lime- 
 
 
 stone above, is ore (m^or host). 
 
 
 Andesite dikes, near ore (altered 
 
 
 to clay). 
 
 
 Phyllitic shale, lies beneath ore 
 
 
 and is fault footwall (Cambrian 
 
 
 Preble Formation). 
 
 Alteration 
 
 . . . . Silicification (ore zone), seriti- 
 
 
 zation (wallrock), oxidation. 
 
 Size 
 
 .... Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current itatui Active-producer, exploration. 
 
 Type of operation Surface, 
 
 Mining method Open pit; about 1,200 t/d ore 
 
 and 17,000 t/d waite mined. 
 
 Year of diMOvery 1946; again in 1B71. 
 
 DlKOvery method 1946— outcrop; 1971 -geological 
 
 inference and drilling. 
 
 Initial production 
 Part production . , 
 
 Annual production rate 
 
 CUus 
 
 January 1961 (milling); late 
 
 1982 (heap leaching), Expected 
 
 mine life is 10 yr. 
 About 91,000 t ore, shipped to 
 
 Getchell Mine (1949-60) {318). 
 110,440 t ore mined (1980) (16). 
 340,937 t ore milled; 1,763.3 kg 
 
 Au recovered (1981) (372). 
 460,663 t ore milled; 2,200 kg Au 
 
 recovered (1982) (372). 
 1,700 kg Au recovered (1983) (523); 
 
 1,900 kg Au forecast (1984) (623). 
 About 1,741 kg Au (56,000 tr oz). 
 
 Distance to water supply , , , <10 km. 
 
 Road requirement <1 km. 
 
 Distance to power eupply ... <1 km (road and power line to 
 
 Oetchell Mine runi vei^ near 
 Plnton). 
 
 Mill location On-iite. 
 
 Mill status Active, 
 
 Milling method Cyanide heap leach. Cyanide pre- 
 
 treatment, carbon column-agitated 
 leach, CIP, electrolysis, smelting. 
 
 Process rate 1,360 t/d (1,600 ton^d) (1983). 
 
 Product type Dore bullion bars; 34 to 41 kg each, 
 
 960 to 976 flne (mercury recovery 
 is 0.9 kg per cathode, 12 to 14 
 cathodes are refined per shift). 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 L.Indicated 3,245,000 tons , 
 
 2.. Do 5,000,000 tons , 
 
 3..Proven 3,000,000 tons , 
 
 Do 2,400,000 tons , 
 
 16, 47, 79, 83, 90, 173, 204, 269, 285, 290, 292, 318, 
 372, 378, 412, 436, 439, 443, 482, 523, 526, 664, 655, 
 560, 561, 566, 578, 640, 662, 667, 713, 770, 773, 801. 
 
 0.105 tr oz/ton Au (diluted mill grade) 1980 640 
 
 0.025 tr oz/ton Au Oeach grade) 1980 664 
 
 0.093 tr oz/ton Au (mill grade) 1983 667 
 
 0.026 tr oz/ton Au Geach grade) 1983 667 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250,000. 
 
 Osgood Mountains, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320130220. 
 
 Mid number 2601597. 
 
 Conmients: Two pits are planned for development. Huttl (292) reports 3,760 t ore assaying 6.38 g/t Au was produced at the Ogee-Pinson. Original rated 
 mill capacity in 1980 weis 907 t/d (1,000 ton/d). In 1983, exploration drilling resulted in additional indicated resource along the mineral zone 
 extension. The new discovery is fairly deep and narrow. 
 
150 
 
 PIUTE— IRON 
 
 Alternate names: None Commodities: Fe 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHP 
 
 County Pershing. General location About 20 km southeast of Lovelock. 
 
 Mining district Wildhorse. Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Elevation 1,207 m. Tract Sec. 25, T 25 N, R 32 E. 
 
 Topography Gentle. Latitude 40°00'30" N. 
 
 Domain Tederal. Longitude 118°20'30" W. 
 
 Owner C. W. Hunley, 60%; E. L. and H. C. Stephenson, 30%; R. W. and L. M. Belanger, 10% (1975). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 T^pe of ore body Breccia fill, replacement, disseminated. Host formation Star Peak Group. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic. Geologic age Triassic. 
 
 Shape of ore body Pipelike. Rock relationships Breccia, replaced by ore, ore in 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing. fractures. 
 
 Minereilized zone aver- Andesite, encloses ore. 
 
 age dimensions, m: Marble, replaced by ore. 
 
 Depth 230. Size Large. 
 
 Mineral names Magnetite, pyrite, calcite, alabanite. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored prospect. Distance to water supply. . . >10 km. 
 
 Type of operation Possible surface. Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Year of discovery 1952. 
 
 Discovery method Geophysical anomaly. 
 
 Past production None. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information.' 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 329, 454. USGS quad maps Lovelock, 1:250,000. 
 
 Lovelock, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number . . . 0320270382. 
 USGS MRDS number M060441. 
 
 Comments: Southern Pacific Land Co. ovtrns adjacent odd numbered sections. 
 
 'Moore reports (454) ". . .an enormous quantity of material containing more than 20 percent iron, a very large quantity averaging more than 30 
 percent iron, and substantial quantity containing more than 50 percent iron." 
 
151 
 
 PREBLE— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Humboldt. 
 
 Mining district Potosi. 
 
 Elevation 1,430 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 27 km due east of Winnemucca. 
 
 Meridian Moimt Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 18, T 36 N, R 41 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°58'23" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°24'00" W. 
 
 Owner D. M. Duncan, P. E. Galli, J. S. Livemore, 21%; Lacana Mining, Inc., 26.26%; United Siscoe Mines, Inc., 26.25%; 
 
 Rayrock Mines, Inc., 26.5%; all of Toronto, ON, Canada (1985). 
 Operator Pinson Mining Co., Winneucca, NV (1985). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothennal, shear zone. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of Northeast: 30° SE. 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Late Cretaceous. 
 
 Mineredized zone aver- 
 age dimensions (main 
 ore body), m: 
 
 Length 300. 
 
 Thickness 96. 
 
 Excavation depth . . . 360 (planned). 
 
 Mineral names (Sold, pyrite, clay, limonite, 
 
 geothite, lepidocrocite, quartz, chalcopyrite. 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1972. 
 
 Discovery method Float and outcrop chip sampling; 
 
 geochemical. 
 
 Initial production Fourth quarter 1984. 
 
 Annual production rate . 330,000 t ore anticipated. 
 
 Host formation Preble. 
 
 Geologic age Cambrian. 
 
 Rock relationships Massive limestone, replaced by ore, 
 
 gangue. 
 Carbonaceous calcareous shale, re- 
 placed by ore, gangue (principal 
 host). 
 Dolomite, in area, but not associ- 
 ated with gold. 
 Andesite sills (altered to clay), 
 lies beneath ore, lies between 
 ore horizons. 
 Granodiorite, near ore. 
 
 Alteration Silicification, oxidation. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Mill location Pinson Mine and on-site heap leach. 
 
 Mill status Pinson mill active. 
 
 Milling method Pinson is carbon column, agitated 
 
 leach, CIP. 
 
 Process rate See Pinson abstract. 
 
 Product type Ore. 
 
 Distance shipped About 24 km by truck. 
 
 Destination Pinson mill. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 L.Indicated 1,340,000 tons . 
 
 2..Not reported in reference 1,242,000 tons . 
 
 3.. Do 1,800,000 tons . 
 
 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 198, 204, 372, 435, 
 439, 443, 482, 554, 560, 561, 578, 611, 640, 770, 
 801. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 0.08 tr oz/ton Au fleach grade) 1980 554 
 
 0.073 tr oz/ton Au 1983 372 
 
 0.062 tr oz/ton Au 1984 770 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 (jolconda, 7.5'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320130443. 
 
 Comments: The mineralized zone can be traced for at least 1,200 m along strike. 
 
152 
 
 PRINCE— LEAD-ZINC 
 
 Alternate names: Virginia Louise, Davidson (Prince Consolidated Mining Co.) 
 
 Commodities; Zn, Pb, Ag, 
 Au, Mn 
 
 County Lincoln. 
 
 Mining district Pioche. 
 
 Elevation 1,780 m. 
 
 Topography Gentle. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner. 
 
 Prince Consolidated Mining Co., Pioche, NV (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, fissure vein. 
 
 Oirigin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 20° W: 15° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 380. 
 
 Width Unknown. 
 
 Thickness 13. 
 
 Mineral names Cerussite, anglesite, hemimorphite, 
 
 braunite, pyrolusite, goethite, limonite, hematite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size. 
 
 About 4 km southwest of Pioche. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 33, T 1 N, R 67 E. 
 
 37°54'04" N. 
 
 114°28'23" W. 
 
 Lyndon Limestone. 
 Middle Cambrian. 
 Limestone, encloses ore, ore in 
 
 fractures. 
 Shale, lies under ore, lies along 
 
 ore. 
 Quartzite, lies under ore, lies 
 
 along ore. 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer 
 
 Type of operation Underground-glory hole. 
 
 Year of discovery 1869. 
 
 Discovery method ...... Ore mineral In place. 
 
 Initial production 1870. 
 
 Last production 1949. 
 
 Paat production 1,112,000 t ore averaging 102.8 g/t 
 
 Ag; 1.03 g/t Au; 3% Pb; 4% Zn; and 
 
 12% Mn (724). 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location 
 
 <3km. 
 None. 
 On-site, 
 No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource Information,' 
 
 216, 274, 322, 333, 720, 721, 724, 791. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps . . . . 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 USGS MRDS number . . . 
 
 Caliente, 1:260,000. 
 Pioche, 7.6'. 
 0320170023. 
 D000023. 
 
 'Much oxidized ore is reported as remaining; however, no published estimate is available. 
 
153 
 
 PUMPKIN HOLLOW— IRON 
 
 Alternate names: Lyon Copper-Iron Deposits, Lyon Claims 
 
 Ore body names: Northwest Deposit, North Deposit, South Deposit, East Deposit, E-2 Deposit 
 
 Commodities: Fe, Cu, Au, 
 Ag 
 
 County Lyon. 
 
 Mining district Unorganized. 
 
 Elevation 1,428 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSmP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 68 km southeast of Carson City. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 3, T 12 N, R 26 E. 
 
 38°56'25" N. 
 
 119°03'03" W. 
 
 Owner U.S. Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (1984). 
 
 Plexus Resources Co., Salt Lake City, UT (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 TVpe of ore body Replacement, disseminated. 
 
 Otigin Contact metasomatism, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Contact zone, lithology, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of Northeasterly: steeply northwest. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 853. 
 
 Width 610. 
 
 Thickness 114. 
 
 Depth 107. 
 
 Mineral names Magnetite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, 
 
 chalcopyrite, actinolite, hedenbergite, diopside, calcite, chlorite, 
 epidote, tremolite, garnet, talc, serpentine, quartz, bomite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size . 
 
 Metasedimentary rocks. 
 Triassic. 
 
 Limestone, replaced by ore. 
 Shale, replaced by ore. 
 Chert, replaced by ore. 
 Skam (tactite), is ore, gangue. 
 Marble, replaced by ore, gangue. 
 Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Type of operation Prospect. 
 
 Year of discovery 1960. 
 
 Discovery method Geophysical einomaly. 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 >10km. 
 <10 km. 
 <50 km. 
 
 Past production None. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 250,000,000 long tons 40% Fe, 0.3% Cu 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 Year Reference 
 1969 771 
 
 360, 453, 454, 668, 695, 771. 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 USGS MRDS number . . . 
 
 Walker Lake, 1:250,000. 
 Yerington, 15'. 
 0320190181. 
 W016414. 
 
 Comments: The Pumpkin Hollow deposits contain 6 discrete ore bodies. 
 
164 
 
 QUEEN LODE-BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaSOt 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Bootstrap. 
 
 Elevation 1,860 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian . 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude . . 
 Longitude . 
 
 About 67 km southeast of Battle 
 
 Mountain. 
 Mount Diablo. 
 Sec. 27, T 37 N, R 49 E. 
 41 •0319" N. 
 H6''26'50". 
 
 Owner NL Baroid-NL Industries, Inc., Houston, TX (1986). 
 
 Operator Tom Norris Construction (mining contractor), Battle Mountain, NV (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation, hydrothermal (sub- 
 marine hot springs). 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, massive, irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 30° E: 65° N. 
 
 minerftlized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 300. 
 
 Width 90. 
 
 Thickness 6. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer (standby). 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1938. 
 
 Discovery method Ore minerad in place. 
 
 Initial production 1976. 
 
 Last production 1982. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size 
 
 Vinini. 
 
 Ordovician. 
 
 Chert, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 Siltstone, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 Shale, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 Conglomerate, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distemce to power supply , 
 
 Mill location 
 
 Mill status 
 
 Milling method 
 
 Product type 
 
 Destination 
 
 On-site. 
 None. 
 
 Mine— on-site generation. 
 Mill— on-site commercial supply. 
 Dunphy Siding, 48 km south of mine. 
 Standby. 
 
 Flotation, grinding. 
 Fine ground barite. 
 Alaska, West Coast, and inter- 
 mountain markets. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 77, 95, 123, 226, 278, 392, 546, 669, 688, 
 775, 778, 796. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250,000. 
 
 Santa Renia Fields, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070364. 
 
 Mid number 2601148. 
 
 Comments: The Queen Lode is mined in coi^unction with the Rossi (Sage Hen). 
 
155 
 
 RAIN-GOLD 
 
 Ore body names: Main, Southeaet Extension 
 
 Commodities; Au, Ag 
 (Au-Ag ratio = 10-20:1) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Carlin. 
 
 Elevation 2,070 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Possibly private. 
 
 General location About 14 km southeast of Carlin. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 3, T 31 N, R 63 E. 
 
 Sec. 33, T 32 N, R 53 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°36'35" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°00'25" W. 
 
 Owner Newmont Mining Corp., New York, NY (1985). 
 
 Operator Carlin Gold Mining Co., Carlin, NV (subsidiary of Newmont Mining Corp.) (1985). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Epithermal, disseminated, sediment-hosted. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, epithermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body West-northwest elongate manto. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, fracturing, lithology 
 
 (minor). 
 
 Strike and dip of N 30° to 40° W: dip southwest 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length About 730. 
 
 Thickness 110 (maiximum). 
 
 Depth 46. 
 
 Mineral names Gold, quartz, barite, limonite, 
 
 manganese oxides, hematite, jarosite, calcite, illite, kaolinite. 
 
 Host formation Webb. 
 
 Geologic age Mississippian. 
 
 Rock relationships Jasperoid breccia, contains ore. 
 
 Siltstone and breccia, contains ore. 
 
 Sandstones, contains ore. 
 
 Shales, contains ore. 
 
 Alteration Silicification, oxidation, argilli- 
 
 zation, baritization, bleaching. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-exploration, feasibility, standby. 
 
 Type of operation Surface 
 
 Mining method Proposed open pit. 
 
 Yetir of discovery 1980. 
 
 Discovery method Geochemical-rock chip sample, 
 
 drilling. 
 
 Initial production Pending development; possibly 1990's. 
 
 Past production None. 
 
 Mill location Likely will be co-located with mine. 
 
 Mill status No mill. 
 
 Milling method Cyanide heap leach probable. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 8,300,000 tons 
 
 Above contains 3,400,000 tons , 
 
 27, 59, 61, 90, 118, 224, 226, 319, 350, 363, 511, 581, 
 663, 664, 665, 669. 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 0.083 tr oz/ton Au (ore in-place) 1983 511 
 
 0.147 tr oz/ton Au 1983 511 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Winnemucca, 1:250,000. 
 
 Dixie Flats, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320070271. 
 
 Comments: Development of the Rain deposit is expected to recommence after Gold Quarry goes into production. Further drilling may disclose greater 
 reserves as the ore body is reportedly open at depth and to the east. Ore is in fractures and occurs in the axis of a regional north-northwest 
 plunging antiform. At Rain, the antiform is marked by a high-angle reverse fault trending west-northwest and dipping steeply southwest. 
 
156 
 
 RAINBOW— FLUORINE 
 
 Alternate names: Bruno Prospect, Fluorspar Corp. of America, Hope 
 
 Commodities; CaF, 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Quinn Canyon Range. 
 
 Elevation 2,042 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 117 km west of Pioche. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 1, T 2 N, R 54 E. 
 
 Latitude 30°03'47" N. 
 
 Longitude 115°51'17" W. 
 
 Owner. 
 
 Wesley Koyen, Alamo, NV (Rainbow and Emerald Claims); Ed Slavin, Tonopah, NV (Bruno Claims) (1981). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Lenticular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, igneous. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 20° E: 40° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 2,414. 
 
 Width 805. 
 
 Thickness 30. 
 
 Mineral names Fluorite, quartz. 
 
 Ciurent status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Surface open stope. 
 
 Year of discovery 1941. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1945. 
 
 Last production 1946. 
 
 Past production 181 t (545). 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size . 
 
 Volcanic rocks undivided. 
 
 Tertiary. 
 
 Tuff, ore in fractures. 
 
 Rhyolite, ore in fractures. 
 
 Dacite, ore in fractures. 
 
 Latite. 
 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 <10 km. 
 <50 km. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 281, 283, 357, 368, 545, 604, 733, 815, 816. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Lund, 1:250,000. 
 0320230200. 
 
157 
 
 RELIEF CANYON— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: (site of) Emerald Spar Fluorite deposit 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag, 
 CaF, (nonrecoverable) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Pershing. 
 
 Mining district Relief-Antelope Springs. 
 
 Elevation 1,646 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed, Federal, private lease. 
 
 General location About 24 km east of Lovelock. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 16, T 27 N, R 34 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°12'16" N. 
 
 Longitude 118°10'13" W. 
 
 Owner-operator 
 
 Lacana Mining Corp., Toronto, ON, Canada (1985). 
 
 (The development of the property is a joint venture; Lacana's partner is unknown.) 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Tjrpe of ore body Disseminated epithermal gold, 
 
 stratabound. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular triangular wedge or 
 
 bell-shape in plan. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, lithology. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Unknown, possibly from Late 
 Cretaceous to Late Tertiary. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 730. 
 
 Width 550. 
 
 Thickness to >30. 
 
 (deposit open to the southwest) 
 
 Mineral names Native gold or electrum, quartz, pyrite, 
 
 sericite, hematite, fluorspar, jasperoid, clay. 
 
 Host formations 
 
 GSeologic age 
 
 Rock relationships 
 
 Grass Valley. 
 
 Natchez Pass (Cane Springs). 
 . . . . Late Triassic. 
 . . . . Argillite, quartzite, siltstone. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Size 
 
 shale (Grass Valley), adjacent and 
 
 above principal ore zone. 
 Jasperoid breccia zone, contains 
 
 ore. 
 Carbonaceous dolomitic limestone, 
 
 minor shale and siltstone (Natchez 
 
 Pass), adjacent and below principal 
 
 ore zone. 
 Jasperoid silicification, argillic, 
 
 iron staining, intense oxidation. 
 . . . . Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 IVpe of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Conventional open pit; mine 4,600 t/d 
 
 ore, and about 6,400 t/d waite, 
 
 Year of dlwovery 1979-82. 
 
 Diieovery method Mapping, gtream ledlment (ampling, 
 
 drilling by Duval Corp, 
 
 Initial production September-Oetober 1984, 
 
 Pait production None. 
 
 Annual production rate . 762 kg (24,600 tr oz) Au, 
 
 Distance to water supply , , , 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply , , , 
 
 Mill location , , , , 
 
 Mill itatuB 
 
 Milling method 
 
 Proceii rate 
 
 <6km, 
 <6km, 
 <6km, 
 On-eite, 
 Active, 
 Agglomeration, sodium cyanide heap 
 
 leach, carbon column recovery. 
 About 4,600 t/d. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 CUus 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 l,.Not reported in reference 7,000,000 tons . 
 
 2,. Do' 8,000,000 tons , 
 
 3.. Do* 
 
 9,000,000 tons . 
 
 0.042 tr oz/ton Au 
 
 0.04 tr oz/ton Au (diluted ore; stripping 
 
 ratio = 1.6:1). 
 0.032 tr oz/ton Au (stripping ratio = 2:1) 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 1983 
 1983 
 
 1984 
 
 630 
 199 
 
 668 
 
 90, 199, 224, 329, 331, 496, 626, 630, 668, 662, 766, 
 810. 
 
 USGS quad maps Lovelock, 1:260,000, 
 
 Buffalo Mountain, 16'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320270720. 
 
 Comments: Gold is in and near jasperoid silicification principally within a sedimentary breccia at the contact between the above 2 host formations. 
 
 'Resource is referred to as preliminary pit plan diluted reserves. 
 'Resource is referred to as minable reserves. 
 
158 
 
 RIDGE 71 29— ZINC 
 
 Alternate names: Gibellini, Bisoni Properties 
 
 Commodities: Zn, V, Mo, 
 Se, oil shale 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Fish Creek. 
 
 Elevation 2,164 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Unknown. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSmP 
 
 Greneral location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner. 
 
 Maynard and Lester Bisoni; Noranda Exploration, Inc., Lakewood CO (1979). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation, oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length >600. 
 
 Width 300. 
 
 Thickness 60. 
 
 Depth Surface. 
 
 Mineral names Sphalerite, metahewettite, molybdenite, 
 
 kerogen. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size. 
 
 About 37 km southwest of Eureka. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 3, T 15 N, R 52 E. 
 
 39° 12 '30" N. 
 
 116°05'34" W. 
 
 Woodruff. 
 
 Devonian. 
 
 Mudstone, encloses ore. 
 
 Siltstone, encloses ore. 
 
 Chert, nejir ore. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 Type of operation Possible underground. 
 
 Year of discovery Unknown. 
 
 Discovery method Drilling, trenching. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 Mill location 
 
 Unknown. 
 <10 km. 
 <50 km. 
 No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 112, 333, 593. 
 
 Comments; Assay results: Unoxidized rock, 
 
 ppm 
 V . . . . 3,000- 7,000 
 Zn ... 4,000-18,000 
 Se.... 30- 200 
 Mo . . . 70- 960 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Oxidized rock, 
 
 ppm 
 
 6,000-8,000 
 
 30- 100 
 
 200- 400 
 
 30- 80 
 
 Millett, 1:250,000. 
 Cockalorum Wash, 15'. 
 0320110222. 
 
 Fresh black rock yielded as much as 12 gal/ton (50 L/t) syncrude oil (112). 
 
159 
 
 ROBINSON DISTRICT— COPPER 
 
 Includes: New Ruth Pit, Ruth-Kimberly, Veteran-Tripp Open Pit, 
 Veteran-Tripp Underground, Veteran-Tripp Lo-Grade 
 
 Commodities: Cu, Mo, Ag, 
 Au, platinum group 
 metals 
 
 County White Pine. 
 
 Mining district Robinson. 
 
 Elevation 1,920 to 2,320 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner-operator Kennecott Copper Corp., Salt Lake City, UT (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, replacement, vein Host formation . . . 
 
 supergene, stockwork. Geologic age 
 
 Origin Hydrothermed, oxidation, replacement. Rock relationships . 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular, massive. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous, fracturing, lithology. 
 
 District dimensions: 
 
 Length 19 km. 
 
 Width 14 km. 
 
 Depth to 500 m. Size 
 
 Mineral neunes Chalcopyrite, bomite, molybdenite, 
 
 argentite, pyrite, chalcocite, cerussite, calcite, fluorite, pyrolusite, 
 
 braunite, hemimorphite, smithsonite, native gold, scheelite, hematite, 
 
 jeu:t)site, malachite, azurite, cuprite, native copper, chalcanthite. 
 
 About 10 km west of Ely. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 T 16 N, R 62-63 E. 
 
 39 "15 '20" N. 
 
 114 "67 '69" W. 
 
 Various (18 formations). 
 
 Ordovician-Tertiary. 
 
 Various sedimentary, encloses ore, 
 
 replaced by ore. 
 Quartz monzonite, encloses ore, 
 
 is ore. 
 Metamorphosed and/or altered 
 
 sedimentary, encloses ore, is ore. 
 Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit, underground. 
 
 Year of discovery 1867. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1870. 
 
 Last production 1978. 
 
 Past production Greater than 204 million t ore. 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Mill location 
 
 Mill status 
 
 Milling method 
 
 Process rate 
 
 On-site. 
 
 None. 
 
 On-site. 
 
 McGill, 32 km. 
 
 Inactive. 
 
 Flotation. 
 
 19,972 t/d. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information.' 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 1, 17, 37, 38, 39, 127, 264, 280, 284, 293, 294, 321, 341, 
 374, 419, 432, 438, 556, 674, 792, 806, 819, 820, 821, 
 825, 826. 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 Ely, 1:250,000. 
 Ruth, 7.5'. 
 
 *In 1976, Kennecott Copper Corp. reported that 454,000 t of copper could be recovered from 82,554,000 t ore averaging 0.67% Cu (792). 
 
160 
 
 ROCHESTER— SILVER 
 
 Alternate names: Silver State, Nenzel Hill 
 
 Commodites: Ag, Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Pershing. 
 
 Mining district Rochester. 
 
 Elevation 1,829 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly, rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private, BLM administered 
 
 (4 patented claims and 20 
 unpatented lode claims). 
 
 General location About 30 km northeast of Lovelock. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 15, 16, 21, 22, T 28 N, R 34 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°17'23" N. 
 
 Longitude 118"'12'00" W. 
 
 Owner Royal Apex Silver, Inc., Wallace, ID (Coeur d'Alene Mines Corp. owns 49.8% of Royal Apex) (1983). 
 
 Operator Coeur d'Alene Mines Corp., Wallace, ID, lessee (acquired 85% of net operating property); ASARCO, Inc., 
 
 New York, NY, holds a small royalty interest (1985). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, stockwork. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Faults, fractures. 
 
 Strike of mineralized Northeast. 
 
 zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Late Cretaceous (70 to 80 million yr). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,150. 
 
 Width 750. 
 
 Thickness to >200. 
 
 Depth 0, 
 
 Mineral names Argentian tetrahedrite, chlorargyrite, 
 
 silver, acanthite, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, electrum, 
 
 pyrite (95% of sulfides), quartz, sericite (numerous others). 
 
 Host formation 
 
 . . . . Koipato Group (Weaver, Rochester 
 
 
 Limerick Formations). 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Permian-Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships 
 
 . . . . Rhyolite ash-flow tuffs, volcani- 
 
 
 elastics, contains veins and 
 
 
 disseminated silver (Weaver 
 
 
 Formation). 
 
 
 Rhyolite flows and tuffs, contains 
 
 
 veins and disseminated silver 
 
 
 (Rochester Formation). 
 
 Alteration 
 
 . . . . Silicification, pyritization, 
 
 
 sericitic, oxidation. 
 
 Size 
 
 . . . . Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status . . . 
 Type of operation 
 Mining method . . 
 
 Year of discovery 
 
 Initial production 
 Lait production . . 
 Post production , . 
 
 Active-past producer, feasibility. 
 Possible surface. 
 Possible open pit. 
 
 1912 (high-grade silver ore). 
 
 1912. 
 
 1951. 
 
 District-- >2,e9S kg Au; 276,000 kg Ag; 
 
 12.7 t Cu; 162 t Pb; 30 t Zn (329). 
 
 Distance to water supply . , 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . . 
 
 Unavailable. 
 Unavailable. 
 Unavailable. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 L.Probable 70,000,000 tons 1 
 
 Possible 30,000,000 tons J 
 
 2. .Not reported in reference 75,000,000 tons . . . 
 
 3.. Do >100,000,000 tons . . . 
 
 4..Indicated 88,300,000 tons. . . 
 
 61, 74, 93, 94, 159, 323, 329, 362, 613, 662, 745, 
 746, 756, 776, 777. 
 
 Orade Year 
 
 1.39 tr oz/ton Ag; 0.0072 tr oz/ton Au 1980 
 
 1.5 tr oz/ton Ag 1981 
 
 1 to 2 tr oz/ton Ag; "small amounts of Au" 1981 
 
 1.5 tr oz/ton Ag; 0.007 tr oz/ton Au 1983 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 Reference 
 
 169 
 
 61 
 745 
 94 
 
 USGS quad maps Lovelock, 1:250,000. 
 
 Unionville, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320270673. 
 
 Comments: Coeur d'Alene Mines Corp. purchased ASARCO's interest in the property in 1983. Mineral zone dimensions represent disseminated 
 silver grade higher than 34 g/t (>1 oz/ton). From 1969-82, ASARCO reportedly spent $2.9 million in exploration costs on the property. 
 Work in 1984 included large-scale leach testing and about 1,800 m of core drilling. In 1984, the drilling season expanded total mineral- 
 ized material to 102.1 million t. 
 
161 
 
 ROSSI— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: Sage Hen, Dunphy, National Lead Co. 
 
 Commodities: BaSO^ 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Bootstrap. 
 
 Elevation 1,770 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and ELM administered 
 
 public lands. 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 66 km southeast of Battle 
 
 Mountain. 
 Mount Diablo. 
 Sec. 22, T 37 N, R 49 E. 
 41°04'03" N. 
 116°25'31" W. 
 
 Owner NL Baroid-NL Industries, Inc., Houston, TX (1983). 
 
 Operator Tom Norris Construction (mining contractor). Battle Mountain, NV (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 IVpe of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation, hydrothermal (sub- 
 marine hot springs). 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, massive, irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 55° E: 60° N. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,800. 
 
 Width Unknown. 
 
 Thickness 10. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Barite, chert, witherite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer (standby). 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1937. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1947. 
 
 Last production 1982. 
 
 Past production ConHdential proprietary data. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Size . 
 
 Vinini. 
 
 Ordovician. 
 
 Chert, encloses ore, gangue. 
 
 Shale, near ore, gangue. 
 
 Quartzite, near ore. 
 
 Limestone, near ore. 
 
 Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 Mill location 
 Mill status . . 
 
 Milling method 
 
 Product type . . 
 
 Destination . . 
 
 On-site. 
 
 None. 
 
 Mine — on-site generator. 
 
 Mill— on-site commercial supply. 
 
 Dunphy Siding, 48 km south of mine. 
 
 Standby. 
 
 Jigging, flotation, grinding. 
 Finely groimd barite. 
 Alaska, West Coast, and inter- 
 mountain markets. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 71, 87, 95, 123, 226, 278, 392, 449, 546, 669, 688, 
 775, 778, 796. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250,000. 
 
 Santa Renia Fields, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070094. 
 
 Mid number 2600397. 
 
 Comments: The Rossi (Sage Hen) is mined in conjunction with the Queen Lode. 
 
162 
 
 ROUND MOUNTAIN— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Smoky Valley Mine, Round Mountain Common Operation 
 Related names: Sunnyside Pit, Southeast Pit 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 (Au-Ag ratio s 1:2) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Round Mountain (Jefferson Canyon). 
 
 Elevation 1,920 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 80 km north of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo, 
 
 Tract Sec. 19, T 10 N, R 44 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°42'30" N. 
 
 Longitude IIT'OS'OO" W. 
 
 Owner Louisiana Land and Exploration Co. (LL & E), Lakewood, CO, 60%; Felmont Oil, New York, NY, 26%; Case, 
 
 Pomeroy and Co., 26% (1984). (Echo Bay Mines Ltd., Edmonton, AB, Canada, bought LL & E's 60% interest subject 
 to completion of deflnitive agreement, expected in January 1986.) 
 
 Operator Smoky Valley Mining Division of Copper Range Co. (subsidiary of LL & E) (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, fissure vein, 
 
 stockwork. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Unknown. 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of Northwest: southwest. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Age of mineralization . . . Miocene (26 million yr). 
 Mineralized area dimen- 
 sions (excluding outly- 
 ing placer areas), m: 
 
 Length 1,800. 
 
 Width 1,200. 
 
 Thickness >760. 
 
 (Disseminated zone is about 600 m wide and 1,700 m long.) 
 
 Mineral names Electrum, auriferous pyrite, free 
 
 gold, pyrite, limonite, adularia, quartz, fluorite, realgar, alunite, 
 calcite. 
 
 Principal host formation . . . Tertiary Volcanics (Jefferson 
 
 Caldera). 
 
 Geologic age Oligocene. 
 
 Rock relationships Quaternary gravel, is ore (resource 
 
 unknown). 
 Densely welded rhyolite ignimbrite, 
 
 is ore, in veins and stockwork. 
 Poorly welded rhyolite ignimbrite, 
 is ore, disseminated (contains 
 largest ore reserves). 
 Lithic tuff, is ore in veins. 
 Shale, slate, quartzite (Ordo- 
 
 vician), is ore in veins. 
 Granite (Cretaceous Shoshone), is 
 ore in veins. 
 
 Alteration Sericitic, propylitic, eu-gillic, 
 
 siliciflcation, oxidation. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer, expansion 
 
 feasibility. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; with 1983 production rate 
 
 of 9,000 t/d ore, 23,000 t/d waste. 
 
 Year of discovery 1901 (district lode gold); 1906 
 
 placer gold); 1979 (LL & E). 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place, drilling. 
 
 Initial production 1906; again in 1976 (LL & E). 
 
 Past production 16,700 kg Au (district) (1901-59) (422). 
 
 7,493.6 kg Au and 3,940.2 kg Ag 
 (1977-81) (.422). 
 
 2,256.9 kg Au (1982). 
 
 2,900 kg Au, 1,700 kg Ag (1983). 
 
 3,100 kg Au planned (1984) (670). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . 13.7 km to stream frpm Jett Canyon. 
 
 Road requirement About 1 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling niethod Cyanide heap leach, carbon adsorption, 
 
 electrowinning, smelting. 
 
 Pad process rate 48-d cycle, 9,000 t/d. 
 
 Product type Dore bullion (2/3 Au, 1/3 Ag).' 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 11,617,000 tons 
 
 2..Proven and probable 195,400,000 tons 
 
 3..Indicated 228,300,000 tons 
 
 46, 61, 83, 84, 90, 169, 187, 193, 196, 196, 301, 303, 
 312, 357, 368, 378, 387, 388, 404, 408, 412, 416, 
 422, 431, 447, 492, 550, 616, 620, 621, 622, 670, 
 767, 795, 840. 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 0.061 tr oz/ton Au, 0.07 tr oz/ton Ag 1974 412 
 
 (original reserves, cutoff grade 0.02 tr oz Au). 
 0.043 tr oz/ton Au, 0.023 tr oz/ton Ag (114,400,000 1981 388 
 
 tons proven and 81,000,000 tons probable (undiluted). 
 0.03715 tr oz/ton Au 1983 169 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:250,000. 
 
 Round Mountain, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230149. 
 
 USGS MRDS number W001574. 
 
 Mid number 2600594. 
 
 Comments: A 36,000-t/d (40,000-ton/d) mill to attain 90% recovery of reserves is under study. Reserves reported in 1983 delineated from 1977 
 through 1982. This reserve includes production in the intervening years. 
 
163 
 RUBY HILL-ZINC 
 
 Alternate names: Fad Shaft, Eureka Corporation Mine, Look Out Mine, CommoditieB: Zn, Au, Ag, 
 
 Locan Shaft Pb 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. General location About 2 km west of Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Eureka. Meridian Mount Diablo, 
 
 Elevation 2,100 m. Tract Sec. 22, T 19 N, R 63 E. 
 
 Topography Hilly. Latitude 39°30'21" N, 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. Longitude 116°69'02" W. 
 
 Owner Richmond-Eureka Corp., Miami Beach, FL, 75%; Silver Eureka Corp., Toronto, ON, Canada, 26% (1966). 
 
 (Sharon Steel Corp., Miami Beach, FL, owns 82% of Richmond-Eureka Corp.) 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 TVpe of ore body Replacement, breccia fill. Host formation Eldorado Dolomite. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. Geologic age Mid-Cambrian. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular, pipelike. Rock relationships Limestone, encloses ore, replaced 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, fracturing, lithology. by ore. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 40° W: 60° NE (Ruby Hill Fault); Dolomite, lies under ore. 
 
 mineralized zone. N 90° E: 01° W (trend of deep Alteration Intense pyritic alteration. 
 
 sulfides). Size Medium. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 600. 
 
 Width 370. 
 
 Thickness <245. 
 
 Depth 730. 
 
 Mineral names Pyrite, sphalerite, galena, smithsonite, 
 
 cerrusite, arsenopyrite, argentite, gold. (Gold is present in pyrite and 
 arsenopjrrite; silver is contained in solid solution with galena.) 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-standby; partially developed. Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. Road requirement Existing paved road. 
 
 Mining method Cut and fill. Distance to power supply ... <5 km to on-site substation. 
 
 Mill location On-site (building and infra- 
 Year of discovery Late 1930's (deep sulfide ore body). structure). 
 
 Discovery method Diamond drilling. Mill status Equipment removed. 
 
 Initial production 1866 (Eiu-eka district). 
 
 Last production 1964 (estimated). 
 
 Past production None from deep sulfide deposit. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade Year Reference 
 
 l..Indicated 3,132,000 tons 0.16 tr oz/ton Au; 5.65 tr oz/ton Ag; 3.7% Pb; 8.3% Zn. 1982 168 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 50, 84, 105, 152, 168, 238, 255, 256, 257, 261, 326, USGS quad maps Ely, 1:250,000. 
 
 389, 450, 451, 518, 519, 520, 521, 593,.697, Eureka, 15'. 
 
 722, 741. USBM sequence number 0320110093. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030021. 
 
 Mid number 2600233. 
 
 Comments: There has been no commercial production from the deep sulfide ore body. In 1975, a 245-t sample was taken for metallurgical testing. 
 Excessive water and metallurgical problems have long hampered development of the deposit. 
 
164 
 
 SANTA FE— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 (Au-Ag ratio = 1:15) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Mineral. 
 
 Mining district Santa Fe. 
 
 Elevation 1,490 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 42 km east of Hawthorne. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 2, T 8 N, R 34 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°35'05" N. 
 
 Longitude 118°09'20" W. 
 
 Owner Westley Mines Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada, 82%; Brican Resources Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada, 18%; (1984). 
 
 Operator Lacana Mining Corp., Reno, NV (will earn 51% interest by late 1985 if presently held agreement conditions are met) 
 
 (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, epithermstl, 
 
 replacement in breccia fill. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular, pipelike. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 30° to 40° W: 75° to 80° NE. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Miocene. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 530 to 1,100. 
 
 Width 120. 
 
 Thickness >300. 
 
 Mineral names (jold, silver, pyrite, quartz, jasper, 
 
 chalcedony, carbonaceous material, sericite, kaolinite, stibnite, 
 hematite, barite, calcite. 
 
 Host formations Guild Mine Member of Mickey Pass 
 
 Tuff. 
 Pamlico. 
 
 Geologic ages Oliogocene. 
 
 Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Rhyodacite tuff (densely welded), 
 
 above ore, encloses ore. 
 Limestone (medium-grained), encloses 
 
 ore, lies along ore, below ore. 
 Jasperoid breccia, is ore. 
 
 Alteration Silicification, carbonitization, 
 
 sericitic. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-feasibility. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit proposed (300 m long by 
 
 60 wide). 
 
 Year of discovery Claims first staked early 1960's. 
 
 Annual production rate 
 
 590,000 t/a ore smticipated as 
 minimum throughput. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . Unknown. 
 
 Road requirement 0.8 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Unknown. 
 
 Mill location On-site (planned). 
 
 Mill status Feasibility study-1983. 
 
 Milling method Cyanide heap leach anticipated; 
 
 small scale, on-site heap leaching 
 was planned for 1984. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 4,360,000 tons 
 
 2.. Do 5,000,000 tons (oxide) . 
 
 4,500,000 tons (sulfide) 
 
 3.. Do 7,000,000 tons (oxide) . 
 
 4.. Do 6,900,000 tons (oxide) . 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 0.082 tr oz/ton Au; 1.22 tr oz/ton Ag 1981 690 
 
 0.04 tr oz/ton Au; 0.45 tr oz/ton Ag 1984 657 
 
 0.066 tr oz/ton Au; 0.9 tr oz/ton Ag 1984 657 
 
 0.041 tr oz/ton Au; 0.45 tr oz/ton Ag 1984 786 
 
 0.048 tr oz/ton Au 1984 531 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Walker Lake, 1:250,000. 
 
 Luning, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320210280. 
 
 USGS MRDS number W016420. 
 
 Comments: Gold and silver occur within a pyritic jasperoid replacement of brecciated carbonate and volcanic rocks. By December 1982, drilling had 
 not defined bottom of minereilized pipe. In June 1983, Westley Mines Ltd. was carrying out feasibility studies into the development of an 
 open pit mine using heap leach for metal recovery. 
 
 86, 130, 196, 463, 503, 523, 531, 598, 650, 657, 
 690, 786. 
 
165 
 
 SILVER PEAK— LITHIUM 
 
 Alternate names: Clayton Valley 
 
 Commodities: LijCO, 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Esmeralda. 
 
 Mining district Silver Peak. 
 
 Elevation 1,300 m. 
 
 Topography Flat. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 Owner-operator Foote Minerals Co., Exton, PA (1985). 
 
 TVpe of ore body Subsurface brine. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, evaporation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Evaporation. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- Covers an area of 8,300 ha, 
 
 age dimensions. up to 460 m thick. 
 
 Mineral names Hectorite.' 
 
 General location About 49 km southwest of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 22, T 2 S, R 39 E. 
 
 Latitude 37°4510" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°38'20" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Esmeralda. 
 
 Geologic age Tertiary. 
 
 Rock relationships Evaporites, encloses brine. 
 
 Clays, encloses brine. 
 
 Silts, encloses brine. 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Wells. 
 
 Mining method Solution mining. 
 
 Year of discovery Early 1900's. 
 
 Discovery method Drilling. 
 
 Initial production 1966. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement On-site. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location Silver Peak. 
 
 Mill status Operating. 
 
 Milling method Solar evaporation; chemical 
 
 precipitation. 
 
 Process rate 1,200 t/a Li. 
 
 Product type Lithium carbonate. 
 
 Distance shipped 84 km from Silver Peak. 
 
 Destination Sold f.o.b. bagging plant at Mina, NV. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 l..Possible 386,250,000 t 
 
 2.. Demonstrated 45,000 tons . . . . 
 
 8, 32. 109, 117, 146, 345, 369, 370, 371, 535, 542, 543, 
 544, 595, 614, 638, 677, 747, 748, 804. 
 
 0.02% Li 1978 345 
 
 Li as LijCO, 1979 638 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Goldfield, 1:250,000. 
 
 Silver Peak, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320090109. 
 
 'Lithium occurs as a constituent in a subsurface saline brine; hectorite may be the source of the brine's lithium content. 
 
166 
 
 SIXTEEN-TO-ONE— SILVER 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Ag, Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Esmeralda. 
 
 Mining district Red Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 2,130 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged, mountainous. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 100 km southwest of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 32, T 2 S, R 38 E. 
 
 Latitude 37°42'57" N. 
 
 Longitude H7°47'06" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Sunshine Mining Co., Dallas, TX, 66-2/3% (1985). 
 
 Owner Mid-Continent Mining Co., Denver, CO, 33-1/3% (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure vein. 
 
 Oirigin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 40" to 70° E: 65° to 90° SE. 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 580. 
 
 Thickness 6.7. 
 
 Development depth . . 240. 
 
 Mineral names Argentite-acanthite, proustite, 
 
 pyrargyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, native silver 
 (minor), native gold, galena, sphalerite, pyrite, quartz, calcite, barite 
 (minor), siderite (minor). 
 
 Host formation Volcanics. 
 
 Geologic age Miocene. 
 
 Rock relationships Quartz vein, portions are ore. 
 
 Andesite (tuff flows and tuifaceous 
 
 sediments), primary host to vein. 
 Rhyolite (tuff, flow breccias), host 
 
 to vein in uppermost levels. 
 Alteration Silicification (footwall), argillic 
 
 (hanging wall). 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Sublevel blasthole stoping; 
 
 685 t/d ore (1983). 
 
 Year of discovery 1935 (first staked). 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production February 1982. 
 
 Past production 19,490.8 kg (626,643 tr oz) Ag; 
 
 138.5 kg (4,453 tr oz) Au (1982) (698). 
 28,065.3 kg (902,321 tr oz) Ag; 
 218.9 kg (7,037 tr oz) Au (1983) (700). 
 
 Distance to water supply ... At millsite, 400-m well. 
 
 Road requirement 14-km road improvement. 
 
 Distance to power supply ... 8 to 14 km, 24.6 kV. 
 
 Mill location 5.6 km east of mine. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Cyanide leach tank, CCD, zinc dust 
 
 precipitation. 
 
 Process rate 635 t/d (700 ton/d). 
 
 Product type 20- to 30-kg dore buttons. 
 
 Destination Airlifted to Sunshine's Big Creek 
 
 Refinery, Kellogg, ID. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 l..Not reported in reference' 1,100,000 tons . 
 
 2..Proven and probable 1,077,572 tons . 
 
 7, 8, 124. 171, 224, 307, 339, 483, 487, 489, 
 653, 694, 698, 699, 700, 765, 847. 
 
 8.38 tr oz/ton Ag; 0.03 tr oz/ton Au 1982 847 
 
 5.4 tr oz/ton Ag; 0.028 tr oz/ton Au 1984 700 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Goldfield, 1:260,000. 
 
 Piper Peak, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320090134. 
 
 Mid number 2601638. 
 
 Comments: 1983 metal output recovered from ore averaging 1.65 g/t Au and 187 g/t Ag. 1983 mill output averaged 564 t per operating day. Sunshine's 
 1983 annual report states the potential for additional reserves is excellent as drilling on the western and downdip extensions of the Sixteen-to- 
 One Vein has intersected mineralization. Simshine reports the neeirby Nivloc Mine, under its control, contains up to 900,000 t of minable ore. 
 
 'Reserve is minable reserve; includes 10% dilution of 1 tr oz/ton Ag, 0.01 tr oz/ton Au, and represents reserves above 6,650-ft elevation. 
 
167 
 
 SNOOSE— BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: Snoose Creek 
 
 Commodities: BaSO, 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Snake Mountains. 
 
 Elevation 2,100 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 28 km due north of Wells. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 4, T 40 N, R 62 E. 
 
 Latitude 41°23'00" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°58'17" W. 
 
 Owner Minerals— Grube Estate, 50%; AZL Resources, Phoenix, AZ, 25%; Superior Oil Co., Sparks, NV, 25%. 
 
 Surface-Sierra Pacific Power Co., Reno, NV (1983). 
 Operator Chromalloy American Corp., St. Louis, MO (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Sedimentation, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Massive, tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 30° W: 35° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 335. 
 
 Width 130. 
 
 Thickness 14. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer (standby). 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1978. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1978. 
 
 Last production 1982. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Host formation Valmy. 
 
 CJeologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Greenstone, lies over ore. 
 
 Siltstone, encloses ore. 
 
 Chert, near ore. 
 
 Limestone, encloses ore. 
 
 Shale, encloses ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . Millsite. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . Mill on-site generation. 
 
 Mill location 34 km northeast of mine. 
 
 Mill status Standby. 
 
 Milling method Crushing, screening, jigging. 
 
 Mill feed capacity 565 t/d. 
 
 Product type Unground barite concentrate. 
 
 Distance shipped 56 km to Wells, NV, by truck; 
 
 then 2,350 km to Cyril, OK, 
 
 by rail. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 77, 95, 123, 226, 278, 449, 546, 669, 716, 
 775, 778. 
 
 USGS quad maps Wells, 1:250,000. 
 
 Loomis Mountain, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070856. 
 
 Mid number 2601759. 
 
168 
 
 SPRINGER— TUNGSTEN 
 
 Alternate ncunes: Nevada-Massachusetts, Sutton, Stank Mine, Humboldt Mine, 
 Uncle Sam, Summit Mine, Mill City, Humboldt-Springer, Tungsten 
 
 Commodities: W, Mo 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Pershing. 
 
 Mining district Mill City. 
 
 Elevation 1,493 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 13 km north of Imlay. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 35, T 34 N, R 34 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°46'53" N. 
 
 Longitude 118°07'56" W. 
 
 Owner General Electric Corp., Fairfield, CT, 80%; Broken Hills Proprietary, Ltd., Melbourne, Australia, 20% (1983). 
 
 Operator Utah International, Inc., San Francisco, CA (a wholly owned subsidiary of Broken Hills Proprietary, Ltd.) (1983). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, fissure vein. 
 
 Origin Contact metasomatic, hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 20° E: 70° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,524. 
 
 Width 400. 
 
 Thickness 9.6. 
 
 Mineral names Scheelite, molybdenite, chalco- 
 
 pyrite, turquoise, arsenopyrite, stilbite, pyrrhotite, gaunet, pyrite. 
 
 Host formation Raspberry. 
 
 Geologic age Upper Triassic. 
 
 Rock relationshps Limestone, replaced by ore, gangue. 
 
 Hornfels, lies over ore, lies under 
 ore. 
 
 Slate, lies over ore, lies under 
 
 Size, 
 
 Quartzite, lies over ore, lies under 
 
 ore. 
 Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-developed (standby). 
 
 Type of operation Undergroimd. 
 
 Mining method Shrinkage stope (65%), cut and fill 
 
 (36%). 
 
 Year of discovery 1914. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1982 (from district, 1917). 
 
 Last production Produced for a period in 1982. 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status On standby. 
 
 Milling method Flotation and chemical (APT). 
 
 Process rate 907 t/d. 
 
 Product type APT. 
 
 Distance shipped 3,496 km by truck. 
 
 Destination Cleveland, OH (G.E.'s Refractory 
 
 Metals products). 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 206, 259, 260, 263, 314, 329, 342, 343, 352, 
 376, 421, 478, 608, 685, 715, 739, 774, 830, 
 846,848. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Lovelock, 1:260,000. 
 
 Eugene Mountains Area, 16'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320270048. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M060313. 
 
 Mid number 2600964. 
 
169 
 
 STERLING— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Diamond Queen, Gold Ranch, North Panauna, Panama, 
 Abrose Open Pit 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag, Hg, 
 Sb (Au-Ag ratio = 100:1) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Bare Mountain. 
 
 Elevation 1,220 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged, mountainous. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 10 km east of Beatty. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 5, T 13 S, R 48 E (unsurveyed). 
 
 Latitude 36°49'50" N. 
 
 Longitude 116°38'25" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Saga Exploration Co., Winnemucca, NV (1984). 
 
 Owner Geomex Development, Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada, 46.5% (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, fault zone, fissure-filling. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore control Fault (thrust). 
 
 Strike and dip of North: unknown. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . 13.9 million yr. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length Undetermined. 
 
 Width Up to 25. 
 
 Thickness Up to 20. 
 
 Mineral names Free gold, kaolinite, halloysite, 
 
 alunite, limonite, jarosite, calcite, fluorite, stibnite, 
 cerrusite, gatlena, possible cinnabar and pyrite. 
 
 Host formations Wood Canyon. 
 
 Bonanza King. 
 
 Geologic ages Possible Precambrian. 
 
 Cambrian. 
 
 Rock relationships Siltstone (breccia), contains ore 
 
 (upper plate. Bonanza King). 
 Shale, contains ore (upper plate, 
 
 Bonanza King). 
 Breccia, common in ore zone. 
 Jasperoid (breccia), near ore, may 
 
 be ore. 
 Dolomite (breccia), near ore, lies 
 beneath ore. 
 
 Alteration Oxidation, silicification (below 
 
 ore), kaolinization. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground, surface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1980 by Cordex exploration. 
 
 Discovery method Unavailable. 
 
 Initial production 1980. 
 
 Past production 289 kg Au (9,303 tr oz) (1983) (533). 
 
 Annual production rate . 280 to 370 kg Au. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . Unknown. 
 
 Road requirement Unknown. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site diesel electric generation. 
 
 Mill location Estimated 1 km east of mine. 
 
 Mill status Active. 
 
 Milling method Cyanide heap leach, carbon column 
 
 recovery. 
 Process rate 270 t/d (300 ton/d) projected in 
 
 1980 for crxisher; crusher rated 
 
 capacity is 82 t/h (90 ton/h) 
 
 (see comments). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 l..Not reported in reference' 250,000 tons 
 
 2..Proven, probable, possible* 200,000 tons 
 
 61, 97, 98, 209, 210, 533. 
 
 0.5 tr oz/ton Au 1980 61 
 
 0.20 oz/ton Au 1983 533 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Death Valley, 1:250,000. 
 
 Bare mountain, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230486. 
 
 Mid number 2601503. 
 
 Comments: Garside and Tingley (210) report disseminated gold mineralization occurs along thrust fault between upper plate siltstone and lower plate 
 dolomite. The ore occurs mainly in the siltstone of the upper plate. Ore contains up to 0.5% Hg. In 1980, a test heap was planned in May 
 and full-scale leaching was anticipated to commence as early as June or July 1980. 
 
 'Garside and Tingley (210) report ore below 0.1 tr oz/ton Au not mined. Ore grades are generally 0.5 to 1 tr oz/ton Au, but can be up to 4 tr oz/ton 
 Au. 
 'Additional 7,600 tr oz recoverable gold reported in open pit. Total recoverable gold reserves is an estimated 41,000 tr oz. 
 
170 
 
 STORMY CREEK-BARITE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: BaSO« 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Snake Mountains. 
 
 Elevation 2,196 m. 
 
 Topo^aphy Rugged. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 Owner' .... (1983). 
 
 Lessee Old Soldier Minerals, Houston, TX (1983). 
 
 Operator Oeowest Services, Inc., Elko, NV (1983). 
 
 General location About 36 km northwest of Wells. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 27, T 42 N, R 61 E. 
 
 Latitude 41«31'24" N. 
 
 Longitude llS-ll'Sl" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Probably submarine volcanism. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 15 ° W: nearly flat lying. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 300. 
 
 Width 200. 
 
 Thickness 12. 
 
 Depth 5. 
 
 Mineral names Barite. 
 
 Host formation Valmy. 
 
 Geologic age Ordovician. 
 
 Rock relationships Limestone, lies over ore. 
 
 Chert, lies over ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer (standby). 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery Unknown. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1981. 
 
 Last production 1982. 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site generation. 
 
 Mill location 10.4 km from mine. 
 
 Mill status Standby. 
 
 Milling method Crushing, jigging. 
 
 Process rate 908 t/d. 
 
 Product type Crude barite. 
 
 Distance shipped 3,000 km to Abbeville, LA; 2,000 km 
 
 to Elk City, OK. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 87, 205, 226, 330, 392, 546, 548, 612, 669, 
 688, 716. 
 
 USGS quad maps Wells, 1:250,000. 
 
 Stormy Peak, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070882. 
 
 Mid number 2601592. 
 
 'Ownership is divided among numerous individuals of the Wright and Marble families of Deeth, NV. 
 
171 
 
 SUTHERLAND— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: Reid, Salvation, Kermesite, Thies-Hutchins 
 
 Commodities: Sb 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Pershing. 
 
 Mining district Block Knob. 
 
 Elevation 1,603 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 General location About 19 km east of Lovelock. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 15, T 27 N, R 33 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°12'45" N. 
 
 Longitude 118°15'35" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Saga Exploration Co., Winnemucca, NV (1976). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fault fissure. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of Northwest: 80° W to 80° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 150. 
 
 Width 75. 
 
 Thickness 1. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Minered names Stibnite. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Year of discovery Unknown— prior to 1870. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1870. 
 
 Last production 1975. 
 
 Past production 1,542 t Sb metal {376). 
 
 Host formation Possible Auld Lang Syne Group. 
 
 Geologic ages Triassic. 
 
 Jurassic. 
 Rock relationships Sandstone, encloses ore. 
 
 Shale, near ore. 
 
 Limestone, encloses ore. 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <50 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 No published reserve-resoxirce information. 
 
 329, 376, 683, 718. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Lovelock, 1:250,000. 
 
 Lovelock, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320270355. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M060406. 
 
 Mid number 2600544. 
 
 Comments: Sutherland Mine is reported to have been the largest antimony producer in Nevada. Most of the production was during World War I. 
 
172 
 
 TAYLOR— SILVER 
 
 Associated pit names: Northwest, Northeast, Bishop, Argus 
 
 Commodities: Ag, Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County White Pine. 
 
 Mining district Taylor. 
 
 Elevation 2,290 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly, rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private £uid National forest. 
 
 General location About 24 km southeast of Ely. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 16, T 14 N, R 65 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°04'40" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°40'50" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Silver King Mines, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, 50% (1984). 
 
 Owner NERCO Minerals Co., Fairbanks, AK, 50% (A subsidiary of Pacific Power and Light Co., Portland, OR) (1984). 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, breccia fill, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, blanketlike. 
 
 Ore controls Fractures, folding, bedding. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 18° W: 40° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Age of mineralization . 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions (of 
 central higher 
 deposit), m: 
 
 Length 
 
 Width 150. 
 
 Thickness 15. 
 
 Depth 9. 
 
 Mineral names Argentite, native silver, possible 
 
 cerargyrite, rare gedena, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, sphalerite, stib- 
 nite, calcite, clay, limonite, rare fluorite. 
 
 Cretaceous or Tertiary. 
 
 900. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 
 Host formation 
 
 . . . . Guilmette (possibly Joana). 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 . . . . Devonian. 
 
 Rock relationships 
 
 . . . . Limestone breccia, encloses ore. 
 
 
 Jasperoid limestone, is ore, gangue 
 
 
 Rhyolitic dikes and sills, intrudes 
 
 
 ore, contains ore zenoliths. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Silicification (jasperiod). 
 
 Size 
 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer.' 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit, benched; ore production 
 
 about 1,500 t/d; stripping 
 ratio = 1.7:1 (waste:ore). 
 
 Year of discovery 1868 (district); early 1960's 
 
 (present deposit). 
 Discovery method Percussion drilling. 
 
 Initial production 1965 (by Silver King, underground); 
 
 May 1981 (open pit). 
 
 Past production District— about 54,000 t ore, 690 
 
 g/t Ag (prior to 1885). 
 District— about 91,000 t ore, 340 
 
 g/t Ag (1920-60). 
 Taylor underground— 3,600 t ore, 
 
 1,030 gA; Ag (1964). 
 Taylor Pit->87,000 kg Ag (1982 to 
 early 1984) (676). 
 Annual production rate . 2,600 to 3,300 kg (85,000 to 105,000 
 tr oz/month). 
 
 Distance to water supply ... 1.8 km to deep wells. 
 
 Road requirement 6 km was improved. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . 5-km 69-kV line installed. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status I*roducing. 
 
 Milling method Agitated cyanide leach, CCD, zinc 
 
 dust precipitation. 
 
 Process rate 1,090 t/d (1,200 ton/d). 
 
 Product type Silver precipitate. 
 
 Distfince shipped 885 km. 
 
 Destination Handy & Harmon, El Monte, CA. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 L.Proven and indicated 10,000,000 tons . 
 
 2..Measured and indicated 7,000,000 tons . 
 
 12, 90, 120, 121, 153, 157, 165, 167, 251, 252, 284, 
 390, 414, 428, 429, 441, 442, 445, 446, 582, 636, 
 637, 644, 647, 652, 654, 676, 760, 777, 789, 790. 
 
 3.2 tr oz/ton Ag 1980 
 
 3.2 tr oz/ton Ag (cutoff 2 tr oz/ton Ag) 1983 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Ely, 1:250,000. 
 
 Conners Pass, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320330465. 
 
 Mid number 2601564. 
 
 636 
 637 
 
 Comments: Mineralized zone— asynmietrical-plunging anticline; orientation of dimensions are gross estimates. 
 
 'The Taylor Mine closed after December 31, 1984, because of depressed silver prices. 
 
173 
 
 THREE KIDS— MANGANESE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Mn 
 
 County Clark. 
 
 Mining district Las Vegas. 
 
 Elevation 550 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain Mixed 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owner Sam's Ranch Estate, Inc., Las Vegas, NV (1984). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 45° E: 30° N. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimension, m: 
 
 Length 417. 
 
 Width 396. 
 
 Thickness 12. 
 
 Depth 39. 
 
 Mineral names Wad, psilomelane, pyrolusite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size . 
 
 About 23 km southeast of Las Vega 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 35, T 21 S, R 63 E. 
 
 36°04'50" N. 
 
 114°47'23" W. 
 
 Muddy Creek. 
 
 Pliocene. 
 
 Shale, lies over ore. 
 
 Evaporite, lies over ore. 
 
 Gypsiferous sandstone, is ore. 
 
 Dolomite, lies over ore. 
 
 Andesite, lies under ore. 
 
 Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive, past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1917. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1917. 
 
 Last production 1961. 
 
 Past production 2,260,000 t ore averaging 18% Mn 
 
 yielded nearly 610,000 t of concen- 
 rates averaging 45% Mn (733). 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply , 
 Mill location 
 
 On-site. 
 None. 
 On-site. 
 
 Milling facilities have been removed 
 from site. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 L.Demonstrated 7,230,000 t 
 
 9, 41, 262, 267, 291, 327, 351, 386, 399, 407, 
 457, 547, 721, 726, 733, 743, 744. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 13.2% Mn 1982 351 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Las Vegas, 1:250,000. 
 
 Henderson, 7.5'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320030010. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M031085. 
 
174 
 
 TONKIN SPRINGS— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Rob ClEiim Group 
 
 Commodities: Au 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Antelope. 
 
 Elevation 2,130 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly, mountainous. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 About 95 km northeast of Eureka. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 3, T 23-1/2 N, R 49 E. 
 
 39°54'27" N. 
 
 116°26'54" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Silver State Mine Corp., Denver, CO, 55% (1985). 
 
 Owner Precambrian Exploration, Inc., Lakewood, CO, 45% (1985). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Stratiform; irregular in plan. 
 
 Ore controls Northwest-trending fractures, volcanic 
 
 capping, sill-like intrusive. 
 Strike and dip of Northwest: nearly horizontal. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Age of mineralization . . . Tertieu^. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 450. 
 
 Width 300. 
 
 Thickness: 
 
 Zone 85. 
 
 Bed =5 to =25. 
 
 Depth to 70. 
 
 Mineral names PVrite (auriferous), arsenopyrite 
 
 (auriferous), possible free gold, realgar, orpiment, stibnite, calcite, 
 jasper. (About 75% of the gold is thought to occur in sulfides.) 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships. 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Size . 
 
 Lower Vinini. 
 
 Ordovician. 
 
 Sandy dolomite limestone-jasperoid 
 replacement, contains ore. 
 
 Black CEirbonaceous shale, near ore. 
 
 Calcarenite, jasperoid replacement 
 contains ore (best host). 
 
 Siltstones, neai ore. 
 
 Chert, near ore. 
 
 Intrusives (syenite), near ore. 
 
 Tertiary volc8inics, above ore. 
 
 Silicification (jasperoid develop- 
 ment), calcification, carboniza- 
 tion. 
 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-exploration. 
 
 Type of operation Would be surface. 
 
 Mining method Would be open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1981. 
 
 Discovery method (jeochemical survey, geological mapping. 
 
 Initial production No production schedule established. 
 
 Past production None. 
 
 Distance to water supply. . . Unknown. 
 
 Road requirement Unknown. 
 
 Distance to power supply. . . Unknown. 
 
 Mill status Feasibility. 
 
 Milling method Would require an autoclave system or 
 
 some type of pressure chlorination- 
 pressure acidation treatment. 
 
 PU6USHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 4,000,000 tons 
 
 2..Indicated 2,500,000 tons 
 
 Indicated 500,000 tons 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 0.05 tr oz/ton Au 
 
 0.09 tr oz/ton Au; Upper Zone, stripping 
 
 ratio = 2.4:1 (waste:ore). 
 0.09 tr oz/ton Au; Lower Zone, stripping 
 
 ratio = 14.7:1 (w£iste:ore). 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 1976 
 1983 
 
 1983 
 
 616 
 241 
 
 241 
 
 27, 241, 486, 593, 616. 
 
 USGS quad maps Millett, 1:250,000. 
 
 Roberts Creek Mountains, 15'. 
 USBM sequence number 0320110229. 
 
 Comments: A northwest-trending set of high-angle normal faults, probably associated with basin and range rifling, is most important of two faulting pat- 
 terns for mineralization. Gold distribution is homogeneous throughout microfractured rock along strike of mineral trend. 
 
175 
 
 TONOPAH— TUNGSTEN 
 
 Alternate names: Moly Tonopah, Jack 
 
 Commodities: W, Cu, Mo 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Humboldt. 
 
 Mining district Potosi. 
 
 Elevation 1,743 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Unknown. 
 
 Owner-operator Unavailable. 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement, contact metasomatism. 
 
 Origin Sedimentary, igneous intrusion. 
 
 Shape of ore body Undetermined. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, fracturing, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of North-northeast: east. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length >907. 
 
 Width Unknown. 
 
 Thickness Up to 4.6. 
 
 Depth Unknown. 
 
 Mineral names Chrysocolla, calcite, epidote, quartz 
 
 pjTite, chalcopyrite, molybdenite, scheelite, powellite. 
 
 General location About 53 km northeast of Winnemucca. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 33, T 39 N, R 42 E. 
 
 Latitude 41°12'36" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°15'26" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Preble. 
 
 Geologic age Cambrian. 
 
 Rock relationships Granodiorite, lies along ore. 
 
 Skam, is ore. 
 
 Marble, lies along ore, encloses 
 
 ore. 
 Homfels, lies along ore, encloses 
 
 ore. 
 Limestone, replaced by ore, lies 
 along ore. 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Svirface, underground. 
 
 Mining method Open pit, overhand stope. 
 
 Year of discovery Before 1950. 
 
 Discovery method Undetermined. 
 
 Initial production 1950. 
 
 Last production Unknown. 
 
 Past production 19,750 tons ore, averaging 0.3% 
 
 WOj containing 5,925 short ton 
 units' WO, (285). 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 Road requirement On-site. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 263, 269, 270, 272, 285, 801. 
 
 USGS quad maps McDermitt, 1:250,000. 
 
 Osgood Mountains, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320130047. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030029. 
 
 Comments: Property is 183 to 366 m west of South Extension pit of the Getchell gold mine, operated by Getchell Mine, Inc., 1950-55. See references for 
 Getchell Mine for additional information. 
 
 •Short ton unit = 20 lb of contained WO,. 
 
176 
 
 TONOPAH DIVIDE— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Old Big Divide, Gold Hill, Gold Mountain, Divide 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Esmeralda. 
 
 Mining district Divide. 
 
 Elevation 1,890 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly, mountainous. 
 
 Domain Unknown. 
 
 Gienereil location About 10 km south of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 26, T 2 N, R 42 E. 
 
 Latitude 37°59'42" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°14'17" W. 
 
 Owner Tonopah Divide Mining Co., Reno, NV (1984). 
 
 Operator Ebco Enterprises, Tonopah, NV (Parent company is Falcon Explorations Co., Emeryville, CA. A lease-option agreement 
 
 on the property has been held since 1980.) (1984) 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 IVpe of ore body Vein, disseminated in stockwork. Host formations . . . 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faults, fractures (shear zone). (Jeologic age 
 
 Strike and dip of N 40° W: nearly vertical (main Rock relationships. 
 
 mineralized zone. lode). 
 Age of mineralization . . . Miocene (16 to 17 million yr). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions (size Alteration 
 
 Eis determined by assay 
 walls) (361), m: 
 
 Length 150. 
 
 Width 135. Size 
 
 Thickness 6.5. 
 
 Depth 0. 
 
 Minereil names Cerargjrite, "sooty" argentite, 
 
 molybdenite, powellite, ferrimolydite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, au-gen- 
 tiferous galena, possible tetrahedrite, limonite, sericite, pyrite, 
 adularia, quartz, kaolinite. 
 
 Volcanics— Fraction Breccia (princi- 
 pal host). 
 
 Siebert— Oddie Rhyolite. 
 
 Tertiary. 
 
 Rhyolitic volcanics, fractures 
 contain ore, gangue. 
 
 Rhyolitic breccia, fractures contain 
 ore, gangue. 
 
 Minor silicification, sericitic, 
 chloritic, oxidation, pyritization; 
 potassic, and propylitic zoned 
 around fault zone. 
 
 Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; 1981-82 production rate 
 
 was about 900 t/d ore. 
 
 Year of discovery 1902, Au; 1917, Ag (district). 
 
 Initial production About 1912; 1981 by Falcon Ex- 
 ploration Co. 
 
 Last production Closed in July 1982; reported active 
 
 in 1983-84. Open pit expected 
 to be mined out by end of 1984. 
 
 Past production District total; 101,866 kg 
 
 (3,275,079 tr oz) Ag; 1,010 kg 
 (32,474 tr oz) Au. Most produc- 
 tion from 1920-29 and from 
 Tonopah Divide Mine (209). 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply , 
 Mill location 
 
 Mill status .... 
 Milling method 
 
 Process rate - 
 
 On-site, 154-m well (mill). 
 
 Existing. 
 
 Unknown. 
 
 10 km southwest of mine in Alkali 
 Flat. 
 
 Active. 
 
 Cyanide heap leach, zinc precipita- 
 tion (Ag), carbon precipitation 
 (Au). 
 
 907 t/d (1,000 ton/d) (1981); rated 
 crusher capacity of 181 t/h (200 
 toaJh). 
 
 No published reserve-resource information.' 
 
 7, 8, 62, 63, 64, 65, 209, 211, 361, 377, 629, 703. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Goldfield, 1:250,000. 
 
 Mud Lake, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320090087. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030063. 
 
 Mid number 2601527. 
 
 Comments: Original mine life planned in 1981 was 5 yr. The mine plan was to initially mine and truck 70,000 t of mine dumps to the millsite at 
 the approximate rate of 907 t/d. After completion of mining the dumps, mining would commence on the main open pit that contains ap- 
 proximately 1.46 million t ore. Each heap pad contains approximately 360,000 t ore. 
 
 •Falcon Exploration 1981 operations plans were to initially mine about 1.5 million t of combined dimip material and lode material. Garside and 
 Tingley's field examination report of March 26, 1982 (211), states that the average grade is 8.6 g/t (0.25 tr oz/ton) Ag and about 2.7 g/t (0.08 tr 
 oz/ton) Au. 
 
177 
 
 TONOPAH HASBROUCK— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 County Esmeralda. 
 
 Mining district Divide. 
 
 Elevation 1,735 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly, mountainous. 
 
 Domain BLM administered, private. 
 
 Owner Cordex Exploration Co., Reno, NV (1984). 
 
 General location About 8 km southwest of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 33, T 2 N, R 42 E. 
 
 Latitude 37°59'29" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°16'09" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Fissure veins, disseminated. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Faulting, fracturing, lithology. 
 
 Age of minersdization . . . Mid-Miocene (15.5 to 16.5 million yr). 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length >1,500 (workings). 
 
 Depth >90. 
 
 Mineral names Free gold, electrum, argentite, silver 
 
 halides, pyrite, quartz, sericite. 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Alteration 
 
 Size 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-exploration, past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Explored by Cordex for low-grade 
 
 precious meted open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1902, Ag discovered in district; 
 
 1974, exploration commenced by 
 Cordex Exploration Co. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity Grade 
 
 l..Not reported in reference 5,000,000 tons 0.06 tr oz/ton Au, 1.5 tr oz/ton Ag . . . . 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Siebert (Volcanic). 
 
 Miocene. 
 
 Rhyolite tuff, contains disseminated 
 Au. 
 
 Dacite and rhyolite breccia, con- 
 tains ore. 
 
 VolcaniclEistics, cut by ore veins, 
 below disseminated Au. 
 
 Argillic, silicification, oxidation; 
 potfissic, phyllic, propylitic zones 
 around fractures and faults. 
 
 Small. 
 
 Year Reference 
 1982 611 
 
 7, 8, 62, 63, 64, 65, 209, 211, 224, 361, 377, 381, 
 611, 629. 
 
 Goldfield, 1:250,000. 
 Klondike 7.5'. 
 0320090339. 
 
 Comments: Sixteen samples taken from silicified sedimentary rocks on Hasbrouck Mountain by the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology in the 
 1970's averaged 2 g/t (0.06 tr oz/ton) Au and 43.2 g/t (1.26 tr oz/ton) Ag (211). 
 
178 
 
 VICTORIA— COPPER 
 
 Alternate names: Anaconda- Victoria 
 
 Commodities: Cu, Ag, Bi 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Elko. 
 
 Mining district Dolly Varden. 
 
 Elevation 2,316 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 Owner-operator Hecla Mining Co., Wallace, ID (1985). 
 
 General location About 126 km northeast of Ely. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 5, T 28 N, R 66 E. 
 
 Latitude 40°19'45" N. 
 
 Longitude 114''33'05" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Skam-breccia pipe. Host formation . . . 
 
 Origin Solution collapse, contact metamorphism. Geologic age 
 
 Shape of ore body Arcuate in plan. Rock relationships. 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing, contact zone. 
 
 Dip of mineralized 45° 
 
 zone. 
 Age of mineralization . . . Possibly Cretaceous. 
 Mineredized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 100. 
 
 Width 175. 
 
 Thickness 180. 
 
 Mineral names Chalcopyrite, pyrite, chfilcocite. Alteration 
 
 bomite, bismuthinite, quartz, calcite, wittichenite, Size 
 
 covellite, chrysocolla, malachite, azurite, native copper (minor), 
 cuprite, Fe-oxides, diopside, calcite. 
 
 Pequop. 
 Permian. 
 
 Limestone, encloses ore, breccia 
 
 contains ore. 
 Dolomite, encloses ore, breccia 
 
 contains ore. 
 Calceu-eous sandstone-quartzite, 
 
 encloses ore, breccia contains ore. 
 Quartz latite porphyry dike, near 
 
 ore. 
 Porphyritic quartz monzonite, 
 
 beneath ore. 
 Siliciiication, argillic, oxidation. 
 Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-peist producer, standby. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Mining method Sublevel block caving. 
 
 Year of discovery 1872. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1973-74 (Anaconda). 
 
 hast production 1977 (Anaconda); 1981 (Day Mines, 
 
 Inc.-Hecla Mining Co.). 
 
 Past production Confidential proprietary data. 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Inactive, standby. 
 
 Milling method Flotation. 
 
 Process rate 907 t/d. 
 
 Ihroduct type Cu-Ag concentrate. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 l..Proven 1,491,200 tons . 
 
 2..Probable ; . 148,383 tons , 
 
 25, 226, 337, 476, 669, 788, 823, 824, 836. 
 
 2.34% Cu 1977 337 
 
 2.51% Cu 1977 337 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Elko, 1:250,000. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320070001. 
 
 USGS MRDS number W002693. 
 
 Mid number 2600668. 
 
 Comments: See reference 836 for additional reserve-resource data. Anaconda Minerals Co. explored the ore body in the early 1940's. Day Mines, Inc., pur- 
 chased the property from Anaconda in 1979. Day Mines wm purchased by Hecla in 1981. The Victoria ore body is a breccia-fill deposit in 
 the Pequop Limestone Formation near the contact of the Melrose porphyritic quartz monzonite stock of Cretaceous-Jurassic age. Bedded limestone, 
 dolomite, and sandstone sediments of the Pequop surrounding the Victoria ore body have strikes trending from N 34° E to almost due east. 
 Dips ramge from 0° to 34° S to SW, with an average dip of approximately 20° SW (337). 
 
179 
 
 VIRGIN RIVER— MANGANESE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Mn 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Clark. 
 
 Mining district Virgin River. 
 
 Elevation 439 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain National recreation i 
 
 General location About 61 km east of Las Vegas. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 13, T 20 S, R 67 E. 
 
 Latitude 36°11'40" N. 
 
 Longitude 114''27'28" W. 
 
 Owner United States (managed by National Park Service) (1985). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 IVpe of ore body Sedimentary. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, sedimentation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, lithology. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 6° W: 30° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,460. 
 
 Width 260. 
 
 Thickness 7. 
 
 Depth 39. 
 
 Mineral names Wad. 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored. 
 
 IVpe of operation Possible suiface. 
 
 Year of discovery 1902. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production No production. 
 
 Host formation Muddy Creek. 
 
 Geologic age Pliocene. 
 
 Rock relationships Shale, lies over ore. 
 
 Gypsiferous sandstone, is ore. 
 
 Basalt, lies over and under ore.' 
 Size Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement <60 km. 
 
 Distance to power supply . . . <60 km. 
 
 Mill location No mill. 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES' 
 
 Class 
 
 Quantity 
 
 1.. Measured 14,000 tons 
 
 2.. Do 55,000 tons 
 
 3.. Do 134,000 tons 
 
 4.. Do 215,000 tons 
 
 5.. Do 320,000 tons 
 
 9, 262, 267, 291, 327, 353, 386. 407, 547, 
 721, 726, 733 
 
 Grade 
 
 Year Reference 
 
 Average: 17% Mn: cutoff": 15% Mn: 1949 407 
 
 Average: 15% Mn; cutoff": 12% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 13% Mn; cutoff: 10% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 12% Mn; cutoff": 8% Mn 1949 407 
 
 Average: 10% Mn; cutoff: 5% Mn 1949 407 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Las Vegas, 1:250,000. 
 
 Virgin Basin, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320030009. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M031088. 
 
 'A 4.5-m basalt flow separates 2 manganiferous beds. 
 
 Tonnages are cumulative and represent minimum mining width of 0.95 m. 
 
180 
 
 WARD— ZINC-LEAD 
 
 Associated ore bodies: Caroline, Good Luck 
 
 County White Pine. 
 
 Mining district Ward. 
 
 Elevation 2,560 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain BLM administered. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 Commodities: Zn-Pb, Ag, 
 Cu, Au, Mo (Mo— not 
 recoverable, deep seated) 
 
 General location About 13 km south-southwest of Ely. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 15, T 14 N, R 63 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°04'45" N. 
 
 Longitude 114°52'55" W. 
 
 Owner-operator Silver King Mines, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT (60%); Pacific Silver Corp., Salt Lake City, UT (40%) (1985). 
 
 Royalties to Gulf Oil Corp., Denver, CO (a 2-1/2% net smelter return (NSR) on future production until accruance of $3.5 million); 
 
 Phillips Petroleum Co., Bartlesville, OK (a 3% NSR). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular, mantos. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 55° W: 20° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Tertiary. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 760. 
 
 Width 60. 
 
 Thickness 14. 
 
 Depth 280. 
 
 Mineral names Sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, 
 
 pyrite, covellite, chalcocite, barite, smithsonite, molybdenite, 
 jasperoid. 
 
 Host formations Ely. 
 
 Joana. 
 
 Guilmette Limestone. 
 Gieologic ages Pennsylvanian. 
 
 Mississippian. 
 
 Devonian. 
 Rock relationships Limestone, g£ingue. 
 
 Skam, replaced by ore. 
 
 Marble, gangue. 
 
 Tertiary monzonite stock, sills, 
 dikes, intrudes ore. 
 
 Alteration Carbonization, silicification. 
 
 Size Medium. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Active-development. 
 
 Type of operation Underground, access by twin 1,370-m 
 
 declines. 
 
 Mining method Unknown. 
 
 Yejir of discovery 1968 (deep ore bodies). 
 
 Discovery method ; (jieological inference, drilling. 
 
 Initial production Expected in 1986-87. 
 
 Last production 1967 (district). 
 
 Distance to water supply ... <3 km. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Disteuice to power supply . . . <10 km. 
 
 Mill location On-site. 
 
 Mill status Development. 
 
 Milling method Flotation. 
 
 Process rate 1,100 t/d (1,200 ton/d) planned. 
 
 Construction to begin in 1985, 
 completion in late 1986. 
 
 Product type Zn, Cu, Pb concentrates. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 l..Not reported in reference' 5,000,000 tons , 
 
 Indicated 17,000,000 tons 
 
 Year Reference 
 1983 637 
 
 1983 637 
 
 Grade 
 
 3 tr oz/ton Ag; 1.4% Cu; 5.5% combined Pb-Zn at 
 
 North Good Luck portion of deposit. 
 30 million tr oz Ag; 2 billion lb combined Cu, 
 
 Pb, and Zn. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Ely, 1:250,000. 
 
 Ely, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320330112. 
 
 USGS MRDS number W016410. 
 
 Mid number 2600576. 
 
 Comments: A 1,100-t/d (1,200-tonyd) flotation plant is being designed such that capacity can be increased to 1,800 t/d or 2,700 t/d (2,000 or 3,000 
 ton/d) at a later date. The first 5 yr of production are anticipated to average 100 g/t Ag, 5.5% Zn, and 1.4% Cu. 
 
 145, 153, 166, 188, 203, 224, 258, 268, 284, 381, 
 424, 433, 471, 490, 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 
 644, 645, 757, 776. 
 
 'Resource is referred to as blocked. 
 
181 
 
 WHITE CAPS— ANTIMONY 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: Au, Sb, As, 
 Hg 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Manhattan. 
 
 Elevation 2,438 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Unknown. 
 
 General location About 66 km northeast of Tonopah. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 21, T 8 N, R 44 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°31'54" N. 
 
 Longitude 117°02'57" W. 
 
 Owner Argus Resources, Inc., Glendale, CA (1986). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Replacement. 
 
 Origin Replacement of limestone. 
 
 Shape of ore body Irregular. 
 
 Ore controls Lithology, faulting. 
 
 Mineralized zone aver- Unknown, 
 age dimensions. 
 
 Mineral names Grold, realgar, pyrite, stibnite, 
 
 fluorite, cinnabar, orpiment. 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer. 
 
 Type of operation Underground. 
 
 Year of discovery 1905. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Host formation White Caps Limestone Member of the 
 
 Gold Hill Formation. 
 
 Geologic age Cambrian. 
 
 Rock relationships Limestone, replaced by ore. 
 
 Size Small. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Distance to water supply . . . Can be developed on-site. 
 
 Road requirement None. 
 
 Distance to power supply ... <10 km. 
 
 Mill location Unknown. 
 
 Initial production 1911. 
 
 Last production 1964. 
 
 Past production $2.6 million Au; 46 t Sb metal (376). 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 29, 191, 192, 194, 196, 276, 357, 368, 376, 814. 
 
 USGS quad maps Tonopah, 1:260,000. 
 
 Manhattan, 7.6'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320230120. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M05530. 
 
 Comments: White Caps Mine is primarily a gold deposit containing appreciable amounts of antimony in the form of stibnite. 
 
182 
 
 WHITE PINE— FLUORINE 
 
 Alternate names: None 
 
 Commodities: CaFj 
 
 County Nye. 
 
 Mining district Unorganized. 
 
 Elevation 2,438 m. 
 
 Topography Hilly. 
 
 Domain , . National forest. 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSfflP 
 
 General location 
 
 Meridian 
 
 Tract 
 
 Latitude 
 
 Longitude 
 
 Owners Maynard and Lester Bisoni (1981). 
 
 IVpe of ore body Disseminated, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Tabular. 
 
 Ore controls Bedding, faulting. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 40° W: 30° E. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 990. 
 
 Width 300. 
 
 Thickness 210. 
 
 Mineral names Fluorite, calcite, quartz, vesuvianite, 
 
 mica, diopside, orthoclase, chlorite. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation . . . 
 
 Geologic age 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size. 
 
 About 61 km southwest of Ely. 
 
 Mount Diablo. 
 
 Sec. 21, T 12 N, R 58 E. 
 
 38°52'57" N. 
 
 115°26'55" W. 
 
 Lincoln Peak. 
 
 Cambrian. 
 
 Phyllite, encloses ore, ore in 
 
 fractures. 
 Limestone, encloses ore, replaced by 
 
 ore. 
 Rhyolite, near ore. 
 Quartz monzonite, near ore. 
 Quartz diorite, near ore. 
 Large. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-explored prospect. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Proposed open pit. 
 
 Year of discovery 1976. 
 
 Discovery method Ore minerad in place. 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 
 Road requirement 
 
 Distance to power supply . 
 
 On-site. 
 <10 km. 
 <50 km. 
 
 Initial production None. 
 
 No published reserve-resource information. 
 
 465, 456, 545. 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps 
 
 USBM sequence number 
 
 Lund, 1:250,000. 
 Currant Mountain, 15'. 
 0320230667. 
 
183 
 
 WINDFALL— GOLD 
 
 Alternate names: Eureka Windfall Mine, Western-Windfall Project 
 Ore bodies: Windfall, Rustler, Paroni 
 
 Commodities: Au, Ag 
 (Au-Ag ratio =5.7:1) 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Eureka. 
 
 Mining district Eureka (Pinto). 
 
 Elevation 2,330 m. 
 
 Topography Rugged. 
 
 Domain Mixed; private and BLM administered. 
 
 General location About 6.5 km south of Eureka. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 2, T 18 N, R 53 E. 
 
 Latitude 39°27'15" N. 
 
 Longitude 115°58'42" W. 
 
 Owner Western Mining Services Ltd., Reno, NV (subsidiary of Western Gets, Oil and Mining, Reno, NV) (1982). 
 
 Operator Western- Windfall Ltd., Eureka, NV (operational entity of Western Mining Services Ltd.) (1982). 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, replacement. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal, oxidation. 
 
 Shape of ore body Sheeted, wedge-shaped. 
 
 Ore controls Fracturing, faulting, folding, lithology. 
 
 Age of mineralization . . . Late Cretaceous-Tertieiry. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length About 2,000. 
 
 Width 30 to 60. 
 
 Thickness >300. 
 
 (Rustler ore body— 400 m by 200 m by 300 m deep). 
 
 Mineral names Free gold, silver, iron oxides, arsenopyrite, 
 
 kaolinite, jasperoid, quartz, calcite. 
 
 Host formations . 
 (jreologic ages . . . 
 
 Rock relationships . 
 
 Size . 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Ciurent status Active-producer. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. 
 
 Mining method Open pit; multiple bench (3 m); 
 
 about 320,000 t/a ore. 
 
 Year of discovery 1902 or 1908; rediscovered in 1974 
 
 by Idaho Mining Corp. 
 Discovery method Geochemical anomaly (1974); drilling. 
 
 Initial production 1975. 
 
 Last production 1983. 
 
 Past production About 59,000 t ore, 10 g/t Au (1908-19) 
 
 {232); published production of 
 recent yesirs is unavailable. 
 
 Annual production rate . Reported 200 kg (5,000 tr oz) Au from 
 leaching about 320,000 t ore (1982) 
 
 Distance to water supply . 
 Distance to power supply , 
 
 Mill location 
 
 Mill status 
 
 Milling method 
 
 Process rate . 
 Product type 
 
 Hamburg Dolomite. 
 
 Dunderberg Shale. 
 
 Mid-Cambrian. 
 
 Upper Cambrian. 
 
 Sanded dolomite, ore in fractures, 
 lies under ore (Windfall ore body). 
 
 Shale, ore in fractures, lies above 
 ore. 
 
 Jasperoid, contains ore (Rustler ore 
 body). 
 
 Oligocene intrusive and extrusive 
 rhyodacite, lies near ore, lies 
 above ore (ore bodies localize 
 along shale-dolomite contact). 
 
 Small. 
 
 6.5 km to wells. 
 
 3.2-km electric transmission line 
 installed. 
 
 On-site. 
 
 Active. 
 
 Cyanide heap leach, carbon adsorp- 
 tion, electrolysis, smelting. 
 
 1,100 t/d (1,250 ton/d) (1980). 
 
 Dore bullion (60% Au, 30% Ag). 
 
 PUBUSHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 L.Proven and indicated 3,000,000 tons . 
 
 80, 83, 232, 365, 378, 412, 518, 520, 522, 552, 
 593, 692, 775, 805. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 0.03 tr oz/ton Au 1975 805 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Ely, 1:250,000. 
 
 Pinto Summit, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320110142. 
 
 Mid number 2600891. 
 
 Comments: The Hambvu-g Dolomite is the principal host. The Windfall Mine reopened and shut down again in 1983. As a result of the permeable 
 texture of the Windfall ore, it was not necessary to crush it prior to heap leaching. Pond irrigation (rather than sprinkler irrigation) 
 enables year-round leaching operations. The Windfall ore body is depleted, the Rustler ore body is being mined, and the Paroni ore body 
 is being developed. 
 
184 
 
 YERINGTON— COPPER 
 
 Alternate names: Anaconda Copper, Empire Nevada 
 
 Commodities: Cu, Mo, Ag, 
 Au 
 
 LOCATION-OWNERSHIP 
 
 County Lyon. 
 
 Mining district Mason. 
 
 Elevation 1,366 m. 
 
 Topography Rolling. 
 
 Domain Private. 
 
 Owner' Don Tibbals, Yerington, NV (1985). 
 
 General location About 53 km southeast of Carson City. 
 
 Meridian Mount Diablo. 
 
 Tract Sec. 16, T 13 N, R 25 E. 
 
 Latitude 38°59'01" N. 
 
 Longitude 119°11'35" W. 
 
 GEOLOGY 
 
 Host formation Yerington Batholith. 
 
 Geologic age Jurassic. 
 
 Rock relationships Quartz monzonite, ore in fractures, 
 
 gangue. 
 Granodiorite, ore in fractures, 
 
 gangue. 
 Size Large. 
 
 Type of ore body Disseminated, stockwork. 
 
 Origin Hydrothermal. 
 
 Shape of ore body Massive. 
 
 Ore controls Igneous, fracturing. 
 
 Strike and dip of N 60° W: 05° W. 
 
 mineralized zone. 
 Mineralized zone aver- 
 age dimensions, m: 
 
 Length 1,650. 
 
 Width 490. 
 
 Thickness 195. 
 
 Depth 60. 
 
 Mineral names Chalcopyrite, bornite, covellite, pyrite, 
 
 magnetite, chrysocolla, cuprite, tenorite, malachite, chalcocite, copper. 
 
 DEVELOPMENT 
 
 Current status Inactive-past producer, abandoned. Distance to virater supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Type of operation Surface. Road requirement None. 
 
 Mining method Open pit. Distance to power supply . . . On-site. 
 
 Mill status Dismantled. 
 
 Year of discovery 1865. 
 
 Discovery method Ore mineral in place. 
 
 Initial production 1953. 
 
 Last production 1978. 
 
 Past production 771,000 t Cu from 144 million t ore (49). 
 
 PUBLISHED RESERVES-RESOURCES 
 
 Class Quantity 
 
 L.Not reported in reference 126,900,000 tons 
 
 25, 49, 126, 128, 140, 286, 295, 320, 360, 
 453, 467, 567, 574, 575, 666, 695, 822, 
 824. 
 
 Grade Year Reference 
 
 0.343% Cu 1982 49 
 
 REFERENCES 
 
 USGS quad maps Walker Lake, 1:250,000. 
 
 Yerington, 15'. 
 
 USBM sequence number 0320190001. 
 
 USGS MRDS number M030104. 
 
 Mid number 2600085. 
 
 'In 1982, Don Tibbals reached an agreement to purchase the Yerington property from the Anaconda Minerals Co., Denver, CO. At that time, Tib- 
 bals planned to convert most of the 3,295 ha (8,143 acres) into an industrial park, consisting of about 60 industrial buildings, 170 homes, 20 apart- 
 ments, recreational buildings, and utilities including a sewage system. 
 
185 
 
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186 
 
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 47. Berger, B. R., and B. E. Taylor. Pre-Cenozoic Normal Faulting 
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 48. Big Sky Pay Dirt (Bisbee, AZ). Nevada's Historic Candelaria 
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 49. Anaconda Reviewing Bids for Yerington. Nov. 1982, 
 
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 50. Binyon, E. 0. Exploration of the Gold, Silver, Lead, and Zinc 
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 51. Gibellini Manganese-Zinc-Nickel Deposits, Eureka 
 
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 52. Binyon, E. O., G. H. Holmes, Jr., and A. C. Johnson. In- 
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 53. Birak, D. J. Geology of the Enfield Bell Mine and Jerritt 
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 54. Blake, D. W., and E. L. Kretschmer. Gold Deposits at Cop- 
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 55. Blake, D. W., E. L. Kretschmer, and T. G. Theodore. Geology 
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 56. Blake, D. W., T. G. Theodore, J. N. Batchelder, and E. L. 
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 57. Blake, D. W., T. G. Theodore, and E. L. Kretschmer. Altera- 
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 58. Blake, J. W. Geology of the Bald Mountain Intrusive, Ruby 
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 59. Bloomstein, E. I. Ammonia Alteration is a Geochemical Link 
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 60. Bohn, E. E., Jr., and I. J. Goldstein. Electron Microscopy of 
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 61. Bonham, H. F., Jr. Reserves, Host Rocks, and Ages of Bulk- 
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 62. Bonham, H. F., Jr., and L. J. Garside. Road Log and Trip 
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 63. Tonopah Mining District and Vicinity. Guidebook 
 
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 64. Geology of the Tonopah, Lone Mountain, Klondike, 
 
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 65. Geochemical Reconnaissance of the Tonopah, Lone 
 
 Mountain, Klondike, and Northern Mud Lake Quadrangles, 
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 66. Bonham, H. F., Jr., and K. G. Papke. Geology and Mineral 
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 67. Brooks, R. A., and B. R. Berger. Relationship of Soil-Mercury 
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 68. Burke, D. B. Reinterpretation of the Tobin Thrust: Pre- 
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 69. Buseck, P. R. Contact Metasomatism and Ore Deposition, 
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 70. Bushnell, K. 0. Geology of the Rowland Quadrangle, Elko 
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 71. California Mining Journal. American Pyramid Discovers 
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 72. $24 Million Mine Project to Start in Nevada. V. 52, 
 
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 73. Callicutt, W. Borealis: The Economic Advantages of a Fast- 
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 74. Cameron, E. N. Geology and Mineralization of the 
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 75. Carlson, G. N., and R. A. Bauer. Hibbing Taconite Story— 
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 76. Castelli, A. V. Barite— 113th Annual Survey and Outlook. 
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 77. Barite— U.S. Production Continues Strong, Sets 
 
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 78. Barite— 1 14th Annual Survey and Outlook. Eng. and 
 
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 79. Cavender, W. S. Integrated Mineral Exploration in the 
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 80. Chaffee, M. A., C. L. Forn, J. R. Hassemer, J. D. Hoffman, 
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 81. Chamberlain, C. C. Mining Methods With Emphasis on Cost 
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 82. Chamberlain, P. D. Heap Leaching and Pilot Testing of Gold 
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 83. Chamberlain, P. G., and M. G. Pojar. Gold and Silver 
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 84. Chender, M. (ed.). Gold Projects in the United States: A Mine- 
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 85. Churkin, M., Jr., and M. Kay. Graptolite-Bearing Ordovi- 
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 86. Clark, C. W. Geology and Ore Deposits of the Santa Fe 
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 87. Clarke, G. (ed.). Baiytes in Nevada— Back to Pre- 1974 Levels. 
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 88. Clement, S. C. Mineralogy and Petrology of the Copper 
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 89. Supergene Copper Concentration in Altered 
 
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 90. Clisby, H. Nevada's Precious Metals Picture Looking Bet- 
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 91. Coats, R. R., and E. H. McKee. Ages of Plutons and Types 
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 92. CoCa Mines, Inc. Annual Report, 1982. 1983, 8 pp. 
 
 93. Coeur d'Alene Mines Corp. Press release. Dec. 19, 1983, 1 
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 94. Annual Report, 1983. 1984, p. 6. 
 
 95. Coope, B. M. (ed.). World Barytes Producers— A Review. Ind. 
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 96. Cooper, J. J. Total Mercury in Fishes and Selected Biota in 
 
187 
 
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 97. Cornwall, H. R. Geology and Mineral Deposits of Southern 
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 98. Cornwall, H. R., and F. J. Kleinhampl. Geology of the Bare 
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 99. Geology of Bullfrog Quadrangle and Ore Deposits 
 
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 100. Cortez Gold Mines. Company Report (Description of the 
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 101. Cotter, N. Asamera in High Gear at Gooseberry Mine. The 
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 102. Cox. J. W. Geology and Mineralization of the Atlanta 
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 103. Crowder, D. F., P. T. Robinson, and D. L. Harris. Geologic 
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 104. Curry, D. L. The Geology of the Cordero Quicksilver Mine 
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 105. Curtis, J. S. Silver-Lead Deposits of Eureka, Nevada. U.S. 
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 106. Dahl, A. J. Natural Gas in Transition (Part II). Nevada 
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 107. Davidoff, R. L., and R. J. Hurdelbrink. Taxation and the 
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 108. Davidson, C. F. Recovery of I.ithium From Clay by Selec- 
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 109. Davis, J. R., and J. D. Vine. Stratigraphic and Tectonic Set- 
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 110. Davis, L. E., and R. Y. Ashizawa. The Mineral Industry of 
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 111. De Mull, T. J., and R. A. Womack. Heap Leaching at 
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 112. Desborough, G. A., F. G. Poole, R. K. Hose, and A. S. Radtke. 
 Metals in Devonian Kerogenous Marine Strata at Gibellini and 
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 113. Desy, D. H. Iron and Steel. Ch. in Mineral Facts and Prob- 
 lems, 1980 Edition. BuMines B 671, 1981, pp. 455-480. 
 
 114. Dickson, F. W. Physical Chemical Processes Affecting 
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 115. Dickson, F. W., R. O. Rye, and A. S. Radtke. The Carlin 
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 116. Dillard, G. Nevada Gold Production Continuing Upward, 
 Setting Records. Intermountain Pay Dirt (Bisbee, AZ), No. 42, Mar. 
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 117. Dole, R. B. Exploration of Salines in Silver Peak Marsh, 
 Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 530, 1913, pp. 330-345. 
 
 118. Dott, R. H., Jr. Pennsylvanian Stratigraphy of Elko and 
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 119. Drewes, H. Structural Geology of the Southern Snake 
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 120. Stratigraphic and Structural Controls of Mineraliza- 
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 Prof. Paper 450-B, 1962, pp. B1-B3. 
 
 121. Geology of the Connors Pass Quadrangle, Schell 
 
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 557, 1967, 93 pp., scale 1:48,000. 
 
 122. Drewes, H., and A. R. Palmer. Cambrian Rocks of Southern 
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 123. Dunham, A. C, and J. S. Hanor. Controls on Barite 
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 124. Earnest, D. F. Geology of the Sixteen-to-One Mine, 
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 125. Edlund, V. E. Lime-Gypsum Processing of McDermitt Clay 
 for Lithium Recovery. BuMines RI 8832, 1983, 15 pp. 
 
 126. Einaudi, M. Description of Skarns Associated With 
 Porphyry Copper Plutons. Paper in Advances in Geology of the 
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 127. General Features and Origins of Skarns Associated 
 
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 the Porphyry Copper Deposits, Southwestern North America, ed. 
 by S. R. Titley. Univ. AZ Press, Tuscon, AZ, 1982, pp. 185- 
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 128. Yerington Skarns; Field Trip 10, Skarn Deposits. 
 
 Paper in Exploration for Ore Deposits of the North American Cor- 
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 129. Ekburg, C. Geochemistry and Alteration Studies at Carlin 
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 130. Ekren, E. B. Stratigraphy, Preliminary Petrology, and Some 
 Structural Features of Tertiary Volcanic Rocks in the Gabbs Valley 
 and Gillis Ranges, Mineral County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 
 1464, 1980, 54 pp. 
 
 131. Elevatorski, E. A. Nevada Industrial Minerals. Minobras, 
 1973, 62 pp. 
 
 132. Disseminated/Replacement Gold Deposits. 
 
 Minobras, 1981, 114 pp. 
 
 133. Elko (NV) Daily Free Press. Nevada Mines Acquired by 
 NERCO, Inc. Feb. 11, 1983, p. 11. 
 
 134. Magazine Describes Deal Arranged at Gold Quarry. 
 
 Feb. 22, 1983, p. 1. 
 
 135. . $12 Million Gold Project Announced at Buckhorn. 
 
 Sept. 19, 1983, p. 12. 
 
 136. Emmons, W. H., and G. H. Garrey. Notes on the Manhat- 
 tan District. Paper in Preliminary Account of Goldfield, Bullfrog, 
 and Their Districts in Southeast Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 
 303, 1907, pp. 84-93. 
 
 137. Engel, A. L. Treatment Tests of Scheelite Ores and Tailings. 
 BuMines RI 4867, 1952, 11 pp. 
 
 138. Preliminary Tests of Nevada Oxidized Copper Ores. 
 
 BuMines RI 4952, 1953, 6 pp. 
 
 139. Engel, A. L., and E. S. Shedd. Treatment Tests of Scheelite 
 Ores From California, Nevada, and Utah. BuMines RI 5087, 1954, 
 24 pp. 
 
 140. Engineering and Mining Journal. Yerington Mine Starts 
 Production. V. 155, No. 1, 1954, pp. 112-113, 166, 168. 
 
 141. Duval Corp. V. 166, No. 7, 1965, pp. 118-119. 
 
 142. News Briefs/Nevada-Duval Corp. V. 166, No. 9, 
 
 1965, p. 186. 
 
 143. Duval Corp. V. 167, No. 1, 1966, p. 128. 
 
 144. This Month in Mining: Duval Expects Full Produc- 
 tion at Nevada Property in 1967. V. 167, No. 7, 1966, p. 100. 
 
 145. _____ . This Month in Mining: Phillips and Silver King 
 Discover Second Cu-Zn-Ag Ore Zone in Nevada. V. 170, No. 11, 
 1969, p. 111. 
 
 146. Silver Peak Gives Bright Look to Foote Minerals 
 
 Company Lithium Picture. V. 171, No. 4, 1970, pp. 71-73. 
 
 147. Firms Developing a Large Tungsten Deposit in Elko 
 
 County, Nevada. V. 171, No. 12, 1970, p. 96. 
 
 148. International Directory of Mining and Mineral 
 
 Processing Operations: Section 2A— United States Mine/Plant 
 Units. 1971, p. 119. 
 
188 
 
 149. 
 
 . This Month in Mining: Duval Gets Independent 
 
 Study of Copper Process. V. 173, No. 5, 1972, p. 24. 
 
 150. North American Iron Ore-Part I. V. 175, No. 11, 
 
 1974, pp. 83-162. 
 
 151. Duval and Cyprus Testing Ferric Chloride Leaches. 
 
 V. 176, No. 6, 1975, p. 134. 
 
 152. International Directory of Mining and Mineral 
 
 Processing Operations: Section 2A— United States Mine/Plant 
 Units, 1977, p. 205. 
 
 153. . News Briefs/In the U.S.-Nevada. V. 178, No. 10, 
 
 1977, p. 150. 
 
 154. Svu-vey of Mine and Plant Expansion. V. 179, No. 
 
 1, 1978, p. 75. 
 
 155. Placer Amex Finds Uranium in Tertiary Caldera. 
 
 V. 180, No. 2, 1979, pp. 29-31. 
 
 156. Exploration Roundup— U.S.: U. V. Industries. V. 
 
 180, No. 2, 1979, p. 184. 
 
 157. . New Briefs/In the U.S.-Nevada. V. 180, No. 5, 
 
 1979, p. 192. 
 
 158. This Month in Mining: U.S.-Nevada. The 
 
 Candelaria Silver Properties. V. 181, No. 1, 1980, p. 158. 
 
 159. Exploration Roundup. Ongoing Projects: U.S.— 
 
 Asarco, Inc. V. 181, No. 1, 1980, p. 170. 
 
 160. This Month in Mining: Kennecott Will Recover Cop- 
 per From Tailings Area. V. 181, No. 2, 1980, p. 48. 
 
 161. This Month in Mining: Anaconda's Nevada Moly 
 
 Project To Go On Stream in Fall of 1981. V. 181, No. 3, 1980, pp. 
 39, 43. 
 
 162. Exploration Roundup. High Gold Prices Spur Fran- 
 tic Exploration, the Nevada Discoveries. V. 181, No. 10, 1980, p. 31. 
 
 163. This Month in Mining: U.S.— Nevada-Alligator 
 
 Ridge Uses Heap Leaching To Produce Gold Bullion Ores. V. 182, 
 No. 8, 1981, pp. 35-37. 
 
 164. Exploration Roundup. Ongoing Projects— U.S. V. 
 
 182, No. 12, 1981, p. 31. 
 
 165. 45 Top U.S. Silver Mmes and 27 Leading U.S. Silver 
 
 Mining Companies. V. 183, No. 6, 1982, p. 15. 
 
 166. This Month in Mining: Silver King Will Place Ward 
 
 Property Into Production in 1985. V. 183, No. 7, 1982, p. 49. 
 
 167. News Brief/In the U.S.-Nevada. V. 183, No. 11, 
 
 1982, pp. 168-169. 
 
 168. International Directory of Mining and Mineral 
 
 Processing Operations: Section 2A— United States Mine/Plant 
 Units. 1982, p. 221. 
 
 169. This Month in Mining: Nevada. V. 184, No. 6, 1983, 
 
 pp. 45, 119. 
 
 170. This Month in Mining: Cortez Gold Mines. V. 184, 
 
 No. 6, 1983, p. 119. 
 
 171. Sunshine's New Sixteen-to-One Silver Mine: Mass 
 
 Production Systems Applied to a Small Mine at a Remote Nevada 
 Location. V. 185, No. 5, 1984, pp. 46-52. 
 
 172. This Month in Mining: Gold and Silver Projects 
 
 Dominate Recovering U.S. Mining Scene. V. 185, No. 6, 1984, p. 21. 
 
 173. Book of Flowsheets. McGraw-Hill, 1984, 207 pp. 
 
 174. Erickson, R. L., A. P. Marranzino, U. Oda, and W. W. Janes. 
 Greochemical Exploration Near the Getchell Mine, Humboldt 
 County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1198-A, 1964, 26 pp. 
 
 175. Erickson, R. L., and S. P. Marsh. Geochemical, Aero- 
 magnetic, and Generalized Greologic Maps Showing Distribution 
 and Abundance of Mercury and Arsenic, Golconda and Iron Point 
 Quadrangles, Humboldt County, Nevada. U.S. (Jeol. Surv. Misc. 
 Field Studies Map MF-312, 1971, scale 1:24,000. 
 
 176. Geochemical, Aeromagnetic, and Generalized 
 
 Geologic Maps Showing Distribution and Abundance of Antimony 
 and Tungsten, Gk)lconda and Iron Point Quadrangles, Humboldt 
 County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Field Studies Map MF-313, 
 1971, scale 1:24,000. 
 
 177. (Jeochemical, Aeromagnetic, and Generalized 
 
 Geologic Maps Showing Distribution and Abundance of Gold and 
 Copper, Golconda and Iron Point Quadrangles, Humboldt County, 
 Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Field Studies Map MF-314, 1971, 
 scale 1:24,000. 
 
 178. __^ . Geochemical, Aeromagnetic, and Generalized 
 Geologic Maps Showing Distribution and Abundance of Lead and 
 
 Silver, Golconda and Iron Point Quadrangles, Humboldt County, 
 Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Field Studies Map MF-315, 1971, 
 scale 1:24,000. 
 
 179. . Geochemical, Aeromagnetic, and Generalized 
 
 Geologic Maps Showing Distribution and Abundance of 
 Molybdenum and Zinc, Golconda and Iron Point Quadrangles, 
 Humboldt County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Field Studies 
 Map MF-345, 1972, scale 1:24,000. 
 
 180. Geologic Map of the Golconda Quadrangle, Hum- 
 boldt County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Geol. Quad. Map GQ-1174, 
 1974, scale 1:24,000. 
 
 181. Ervine, W. B. The Geology and Mineral Zoning of the 
 Spanish Belt Mining District, Nye County, Nevada. Ph.D. Diss., 
 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, 1972, 258 pp. 
 
 182. Evans, J. G. Geologic Map of the Rodeo Creek NE 
 Quadrangle, Evireka County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Geol. Quad. 
 Map GQ-1116, 1974, scale 1:24,000. 
 
 183. Geology of the Rodeo Creek NE and Welches 
 
 Canyon Quadrangles, Eureka County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. 
 Bull. 1473, 1980, 81 pp. 
 
 184. Evans, J. G., and L. D. Cress. Preliminary Geologic Map 
 of the Schroeder Mountain Quadrangle, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. 
 Misc. Field Studies Map MF-324, 1972, scale 1:24,000. 
 
 185. Evans, J. G., and K. B. Ketner. Geologic Map of the Swales 
 Mountain Quadrangle and Part of the Adobe Simmiit Quadrangle, 
 Elko County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Map 1-667, 1971, scale 
 1:24,000. 
 
 186. Evans, J. G., and T. E., Mullens. The Bootstrap Window, 
 Elko and Eureka Counties, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. J. Res., v. 
 4, No. 1, 1975, pp. 119-125. 
 
 187. Evans, K. J. Smokey Valley Open Pit Gold Mine. The Min. 
 Record (Denver), v. 94, No. 33, Aug. 18, 1982, p. 3. 
 
 188. Everett, F. D. Reconnaissance of Tellurium Resovirces in 
 Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Utah— Including Selected Data 
 From Other Western States and Mexico. BuMines RI 6350, 1964, 
 pp. 15, 20-21. 
 
 189. Everson, R. A., B. G. Quinn, and R. G. Wamock. Mercury 
 Contamination of the Carson River and Lahontan Reservoir, 
 Nevada. Westminster Studies Series. Westminster Series, 
 Westminster College, Salt Lake City, UT, July 1982, 13 pp. 
 
 190. Fagan, J. J. Carboniferous Cherts, Turbidites, and Volcanic 
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 304. . Eisenman Says It Had "Hand Shake" Deal ou Half 
 
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 305. Oxymin Shuts Down Candelaria Mine as Silver 
 
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 306. Jerritt Canyon Helps Freeport-McMoran Through 
 
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 307. . Sunshine's New 16 to 1 Nevada Silver Mine is Near- 
 
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 310. Anaconda to Gamble, Plans to Restart Tonopah 
 
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 311. HIMCO Bringing Manhattan Back on Line. No. 45, 
 
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 312. Homestake Expanding With Felmont Oil Purchase: 
 
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 411. Carlin Gold Mining Company, Carlin, Nevada. 
 
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 412. Gold and Silver Cyanidation Plant Practice. V. II., 
 
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 414. Silver King Open-Pits Low Grade Silver From 
 
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 415. Metals Week. Precious Metals: The Jerritt Canyon Mine 
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 416. Gold Output Should Increase by 22% to 93,000 Oz. 
 
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 417. . Precious Metals: Newmont's Gold Quarry Onstream 
 
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 423. Mining Activity Digest. New Development Highlights, The 
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 424. New Development Highlights, Silver King Mines 
 
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 426. U.S. Mine/Plant Activity— Nevada: Placer Amex, 
 
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 427. New Development Highlights: Ceremonies Took 
 
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 428. Mining Congress Journal. Mining is Being Resumed in the 
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 429. Silver King Mines, Inc., Has Dedicated Its Taylor 
 
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 430. Construction of the Jerritt Canyon, Nev., Gold Proj- 
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 431. Louisiana Land Has Gold Reserve Estimates. V. 68, 
 
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 434. Duval Corp., U.S. and International Mineral News 
 
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 435. Mining Journal (London). New Gold Horizons. V. 300, No. 
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 436. Mining Week. United States. Official Reopening of 
 
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 437. Mining Activity in the Western World. Table C— 
 
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 438. Processing of Copper Sulphide Ores: Froth Flota- 
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 439. Pinson, Nevada— A New Open Pit Gold Mine. V. 
 
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 440. Mining Record (Denver). Occidental Minerals Developing 
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 441. Silver King Opens the Taylor Silver Mine and Plant. 
 
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 442. . Silver King in Full Production. V. 93, No. 25, 1981, 
 
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 443. Pinson Gold Mine and Invisible Gold. V. 93, No. 49, 
 
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 444. Merger of Electra Resources and Pacific Northwest. 
 
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 445. Nevada Silver Mine Closed. V. 94, No. 26, 1982, p. 6. 
 
 446. . Silver Prices Force Shutdown of Nevada Silver 
 
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 447. Nevada's Open Pit Gold Mines Making a Profit. V. 
 
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 454. Moore, L. Economic Evaluation of California-Nevada Iron 
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 456. . Tertiary Tectonics of the White Pine-Grant Range 
 
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 458. Morrissey, F. R. Turquoise Deposits of Nevada. NV Bur. 
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 459. Morros, P. G. Summary of Statutory Procedures in Mak- 
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 465. Nash, J. T., and T. G. Theodore. Ore Fluids in the Porphyry 
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194 
 
 467. 
 468. 
 
 .. Newsletter. No. 291, June 15, 1977, pp. 1-2. 
 .. Nevada Mercury Mine Increases '77 Output. Bull., 
 
 504. 
 
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 V. 2, No. 5, 1978, p. 13. 
 
 469. Anaconda's Moly Property Gets Another Evalua- 
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 470. Nevada's Gooseberry Mine is Profiled by Mine 
 
 Geologist. Bull., v. 2, No. 7, 1978, pp. 12-13. 
 
 471. Gulf Oil Drills Ward Mountain for Copper-Silver- 
 Zinc. Bull., v. 2, No. 10, 1978, p. 11. 
 
 472. U.V. Industries, Colby Mines Drill for Moly 
 
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 473. Kennecott Starts Engineering To Recover Copper 
 
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 474. Mercury Mine: Depressed Market; But Safety Stan- 
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 475. FTC Move Huge Nevada 'Moly' Mine Closer to 
 
 Reality. Bull., v. 3, No. 7, 1979, pp. 3-4. 
 
 476. Day Mines Will Re-Activate Elko Underground Cop- 
 per Mine. Bull., v. 3, No. 7, 1979, p. 5. 
 
 477. Kennecott Budgets $12-$15 Million for Recovery 
 
 of Tailings. Bull., v. 3, No. 7, 1979, p. 11. 
 
 478. G.E. to Re-Open Tungsten Mine in Pershing County. 
 
 Bull., V. 3, No. 8, 1979, pp. 1-2. 
 
 479. Freeport Reserves Expanded; Milling Upped to 2,750 
 
 tpd. Bull., V. 4, 1980, pp. 4-7. 
 
 480. Cyprus to Put Northumberland Gold Mine Into Pro- 
 duction. Bull., V. 4, Aug.-Oct. 1980, p. 16. 
 
 481. List, Santini Welcomes Amselco's New Gold "Heap 
 
 Leach" Mine. Bull, v. 5, No. 2, 1981, pp. 1-2. 
 
 482. Pinson Gold Mine in Production With Efficient, 
 
 Automated Mill. Bull., v. 5, No. 2, 1981, pp. 2-3. 
 
 483. Sunshine's Silver Peak Mine Unlike Famed Silver 
 
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 484. Duval Corporation Discovery Boosts Open Pit Gold 
 
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 485. Santini, HIMCO Officials Join Dedication of New 
 
 Borealis Mine. Bull., v. 5, No. 6, 1981, pp. 10-11. 
 
 486. Energy Reserves Group Finds Gold Mineralization 
 
 in Eureka County. Bull., v. 5, No. 6, 1981, p. 16. 
 
 487. Santini Lauds Opening of Silver Peak Underground 
 
 Silver Mine. Bull., v. 6, No. 1, 1982, pp. 14-15. 
 
 488. HIMCO's Borealis Gold Mine Geology Described 
 
 in Report. Bull., v. 6, No. 2, 1982, pp. 14-15. 
 
 489. Sunshine Sixteen-To-One Mine Opens in Silver 
 
 Peak; Bucks Trend. Bull., v. 6, No. 3, 1982, pp. 6-7. 
 
 490. Silver King's Ward Mine Near Ely Gearing for Pro- 
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 491. NERCO Makes Bid for Two Large Precious Metal 
 
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 492. Smoky Valley Mine Benefits Told; Land Ownership 
 
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 493. Dee Gold Mine Gears Up; Bids Out for Construc- 
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 494. Tenneco Restarts Open-Pit Gold Mine at Historic 
 
 Manhattan. Bull., v. 7, No. 3, 1983, p. 8. 
 
 495. Placer Amex Test Run of New Open-Pit Gold Mine. 
 
 Bull., v. 7, No. 3, 1983, p. 10. 
 
 496. Lacana Constructs Test "Heaps" for Relief Canyon 
 
 Mine. Bull., v. 7, No. 3, 1983, p. 14. 
 
 497. Goldfield May Be Scene of Joint Venture Open-Pit 
 
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 498. NERCO Reopens Nation's Largest Open Pit Silver 
 
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 499. Placer Development Targets U.S. Activities on 
 
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 500. Fortitude Gold-Silver Mine Boosts Duval's Nevada 
 
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 501. Industrial Development Bonds Used To Help 
 
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 502. Blackhawk and Southern Pacific Joint Venture 
 
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 503. Lacana Becomes Operator of Santa Fe Gold 
 
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 505. Carlin Gold Mining Co. Tour 1, NV Min. Assoc. 
 
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 524. Pecos Plans $1.5 Million Program at Dexter Mine 
 
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 527. Oxbow Nevada Tungsten Mill Expansion Is in 
 
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 528. Home Oil, Scurry, and Asamera in U.S. Gold-Silver 
 
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 532. Ruskin Plans Drilling Hilltop Gold Property. June 
 
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 630. Silberman, M.L., and E.H. McKee. K-Ar Ages of Granitic 
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 631. Ages of Tertiary Volcanic Rocks and Hydrothermal 
 
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 633. Silver King Mines, Inc. (Salt Lake City, UT). Annual Report, 
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 634. Annual Report, Year Ended Apr. 30, 1978. 12 pp. 
 
 635. Annual Report, Year Ended Mar. 31, 1980. 12 pp. 
 
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 637. Annual Report, Year Ended Mar. 31, 1983. 16 pp. 
 
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 640. Skillings, D.N., Jr. Pinson Mining Company Marking First 
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 1982, pp. 8-12. 
 
 641. Skillings' Mining Review. Duval Starts Up Battle Moun- 
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 642. Placer Amex's New McDermitt Mercury Mine: 
 
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 643. . McDermitt Mercury Mine at Designed Capacity of 
 
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 644. Silver King Acquires Ward Property: Option on 
 
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 645. _. Gulf Oil Acquires 51 Percent of Silver King's 
 
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 646. News(&Rumor)FromtheBush. V. 68,No. 3, 1979, 
 
 p. 27. 
 
 647. Denison Acquires Option on the Taylor Silver Prop- 
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 648. Duval Starts Copper Facility at Battle Mountain, 
 
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 649. First Silver Poured at Candelaria Mine in Nevada. 
 
 V. 70, No. 7, 1981, p. 23. 
 
 650. Ventures West Option for Brican Resources Santa 
 
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 651. Borealis Gold/Silver Mine of Tenneco Begins Out- 
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 652. Ore Processing Operations at Silver King's Taylor 
 
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 653. Sunshine Dedicates 16-to-l Silver Project in 
 
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 654. Silver Production Resumes at Taylor Open Pit 
 
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 655. NERCO Agrees To Acquire Oxymin From Occiden- 
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 656. News (& Rumor) From the Bush. V. 72, No. 37, 
 
 1983, p. 10. 
 
 657. Westley/Lacana Agreement To Fund Santa Fe Proj- 
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 659. Dee Open Pit Gold Mine and Mill in Nevada for 
 
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 660. Atlas Corp. Announces Discovery of Gold Bar 
 
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 686. Final Report-1982 Update-Nevada State Rail 
 
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 688. _, Directory of Nevada Mine Operations Active Dur- 
 
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 728. 
 
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 733. U.S. Senate. Mineral and Water Resources of Nevada. 88th 
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 734. An Assessment of Factors Affecting Small Mining 
 
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 737. Van Denburgh, A.S. Mercury in the Carson and Truckee 
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 739. . Reconnaissance of Mining Districts in Pershing 
 
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 741. Reconnaissance of Mining Districts in Eureka 
 
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 745. Vikre, P.G. Geology and Silver Mineralization of the 
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 750. Geology ofthe Paradise Peak Quadrangle, Nevada. 
 
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 752. Walker, P. Canfield: U.S. Gold Production Will Hit 2M 
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 753. Walker, W.W., and D.N. Stevens. The Earth Sciences- 
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 754. Wallace, A.B., and F.W. Bergwall. Geology and Gold 
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 Geologic Map ofthe Buffalo Mountain Quadrangle, Pershing and 
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 756. Wallace, R.E., D.B. Tatlock, N.J. Siberling, and W.P. Irwin. 
 Geologic Map of the Unionville Quadrangle, Pershing County, 
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 757. Wallace (ID) Miner. Gulf Oil To Develop Ward Mountain 
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 758. Molybdenum Found in Nye County, Nevada. Jan. 
 
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 759. Development of Big Moly Mine in Nevada Nears 
 
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 760. Silver King Sells Interest in Claims. Aug. 30, 1979, 
 
 p. 2. 
 
 761. Cyprus Files Plan of Operation in Nevada. Aug. 
 
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 762. Nevada's Mohawk Mine Producing. Dec. 11, 1980, 
 
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 764. 
 
 Oxymin Shuts Down Candelaria. June 24, 1982, 
 
 Oxymin Shuts Down Candelaria Mine as Silver 
 
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 765. Profit Predicted for 16-to-l Mine. Sept. 9, 1982, p. 5. 
 
 766. Ore Body Found at Borealis. Jan. 6, 1983, p. 3. 
 
 767. Roimd Mountain Gold Mine for Sale. Apr. 21, 1983, 
 
 p. 3. 
 
 768. Houston Reopens Gold Mine. July 28, 1983, p. 2. 
 
 769. Cominco Will Work Buckhorn Gold Deposit. Sept. 
 
 22, 1983, p. 3. 
 
 770. Pinson Pegs Fall Opening. Aug. 30, 1984, p. 1. 
 
 771. Wall Street Journal (New York). U.S. Steel Confirms Iron 
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 772. FMC Finds Deposits of Gold and Silver Ore. Jan. 
 
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 773. Wargo, J.G. The Next Exploration Stage for Carlin-Type 
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 776. Watson, B.N. Large Low Grade Silver Deposits in N. 
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 777. Bulk Tonnage, Low-Grade Silver Deposits— Update 
 
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 778. Watson, I. Barytes— U.S. Drilling Downturn Weighs Heavily 
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 779. Wells, J.D., and J.E. Elliott. Preliminary Geologic and 
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 780. Geochemical Reconnaissance of the Cortez-Buck- 
 
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 781. Wells, J.D., J.E. Elliott, and J.D. Obradovich. Age ofthe 
 Igneous Rocks Associated With Ore Deposits, Cortez-Buckhorn 
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 C127-C135. 
 
 782. Wells, J.D., and M.L. Silberman. K-Ar Age of Mineraliza- 
 tion at Buckhorn, Eureka County, Nevada. IsochronAVest, No. 8, 
 1973, p. 37. 
 
 783. Wenatchee (WA) World. Asamera Mining To Call for Bids 
 for Gold Mining Shafts, Tunnels. June 16, 1983, p. 14. 
 
 784. Gold in Nevada. Sept. 9, 1983, p. 17. 
 
 785. Western Miner (Vancouver, BC). Alive in the West: Cana- 
 dian Exploration and Mining; Wide-Ranging Interests of Placer 
 Development. V. 57, No. 4, Apr. 1984, pp. 9-12. 
 
 786. Lacana Mining Active in Precious Metals. V. 57, 
 
 No. 4, Apr., 1985, pp. 24-25. 
 
 787. Western Mining Letter (Bisbee, AZ). Cominco's Buckhorn 
 Gold Mine Set to Come on Line in Early 1984. No. 12, Nov. 7, 1982, 
 p. 3. 
 
 788. Western Mining News (Spokane, WA). Day Acquires Vic- 
 toria Mine. May 25, 1979, p. 1. 
 
 789. Silver King Gets $1 Million in Asset Sales. Aug. 
 
 24, 1979, p. 1. 
 
 790. Silver King Mines' New Production Puts Them in 
 
 Top 10 in Silver. June 12, 1981, p. 1. 
 
 791. Westgate, L.G., and A. Knopf. Geology and Ore Deposits 
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 792. Westra, G. Porphyry Copper Genesis at Ely, Nevada in 
 Papers on Mineral Deposits of Western North America. NV Bur. 
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 793. The Use of Geochemistry in the Search for 
 
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 Reno, NV, Mar. 25-28, 1984, p. 28. 
 
 794. Westra, G., and S.B. Keith. Classification and Genesis of 
 
200 
 
 Stockwork Molybdenum Deposits. Econ. Geol. and Bull. Sec. Econ. 
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 795. White, L. Heap Leaching Will Produce 85,000 oz/yr of Dore 
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 1977, pp. 70-72. 
 
 796. _^ . Nevada Barite Output Up Sharply in '70's. Paper 
 
 in Engineering and Mining Journal Operating Handbook of 
 Mineral Surface Mining and Exploration, ed. by R. Hoppe. McGraw- 
 Hill, V. 2, 1978, pp. 444-445. 
 
 797. Whitebread, D.H. Geologic Map of the Wheeler Peak and 
 Highland Ridge Further Planning Areas, White Pine County, 
 Nevada. U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Field Studies Map, MF 1343-A, 
 1982, scale 1:62,500. 
 
 798. Whitebread, D.H., and D.E. Lee. Geology of the Mount 
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 U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof Paper 424-C, 1961, pp. C120-C122. 
 
 799. Whittemore, R.N. Geology and Geochemistry of the Quito 
 Prospect. Abstr. in Exploration for Ore Deposits of the North 
 American Cordillera. Symp. of Assoc. Expl. Geochem., Reno, NV, 
 Mar. 25-28, 1984, p. 32. 
 
 800. Wiegand, J. Variation in Composition of Three Granitic 
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 801. Willden, R. Geology and Mineral Deposits of Humboldt 
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 802. Willden, R., and R.C. Speed. Geology and Mineral Deposits 
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 804. Wilson, C.W. Bouguer Gravity Map of Clayton Valley, 
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 805. Wilson, W.L. Heap Leaching Gold Ore, Eureka Windfall 
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 posium on Gold (Reno, NV, Apr. 21-24, 1980). Univ. NV, Reno, NV, 
 1980, 10 pp. 
 
 806. Wilson, W.R. Geology of the Robinson Mining District, 
 Nevada. Guidebook to Mineral Deposits of the Central Great Basin, 
 Nevada. NV Bur. Mines and Geol. Rep. 32, 1978, pp. 55-61. 
 
 807. Wise, F. Roasting Improves (jold Recovery at Cietchell Mine. 
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 809. Wisser, E. Relation of Ore Deposition to Doming in the 
 North American Cordillera. Geol. Soc. Am. Memoir 77, 1960, 
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 Mar. 25-28, 1984, p. 46. 
 
 811. Wood, H.B. Fluorspar. Eng. and Min. J., v. 173, No. 3, 1972, 
 pp. 151-153. 
 
 812. Fluorspar Briquetters Expanding Output. Eng. and 
 
 Min. J., V. 179, No. 7, 1978, pp. 81-83. 
 
 813. Woodcock, J.R. Molybdenum— A Guide to North American 
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 817. World Mining (San Francisco). Esperanza and Ithaca Peak 
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 818. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Duval Corporation, Battle Mountain Production and Costs. 
 V. 8, No. 7, 1972, p. 41. 
 
 819. Short Tons of Ore Mined and Waste Stripped at Key 
 
 United States Open Pit Mines in 1968, 1969, 1970, and 1971. V. 
 8, No. 7, 1972, p. 144. 
 
 820. Short Tons of Ore Mined and Waste Stripped at Key 
 
 United States Open Pit Mines in 1970, 1971, 1972, and 1973. V. 
 
 27, No. 7, 1974, pp. 198-199. 
 
 821. J Short Tons of Ore Mined and Waste Stripped at Key 
 
 United States Open Pit Mines in 1971, 1972, 1973, and 1974. V. 
 
 28, No. 7, 1975, p. 204. 
 
 822. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Yerington District Will be a Major Future Porphyry Cop- 
 per Producer. V. 29, No. 3, 1976, p. 82. 
 
 823. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Tenneco Drops Out, Asarco Makes Higher Bid for Shares 
 To Control Anaconda. V. 29, No. 5, 1976, pp. 97-98. 
 
 824. Oil Company, ARCO, Purchases Copper Company. 
 
 V. 30, No. 2, 1977, pp. 64-68. 
 
 825. _. Short Tons of Ore Mined and Waste Stripped at Key 
 
 United States Open Pit Mines in 1973, 1974, 1975, and 1976. Table 
 in 1976 Review and Summary of United States Underground, Open 
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 826. Short Tons of Ore Mined and Waste Stripped at Key 
 
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 827. U.V. Industries Drills MoS^ Deposit. V. 31, No. 8, 
 
 1978, p. 69. 
 
 828. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada. V. 31, No. 10, 1978, p. 187. 
 
 829. Anaconda— Atlantic Richfield Must Divest Cu 
 
 Reserves. V. 32. No. 5, 1979, p. 65. 
 
 830. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Utah Announces Plans to Reopen Springer Mine. V. 32, 
 No. 13, 1979, p. 82. 
 
 831. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Cyprus Studies Au Pit at Northumberland. V. 33, No. 5, 
 1980, p. 86. 
 
 832. Newmont Will Increase CJold Production With Mag- 
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 833. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada. V. 34, No. 5, 1981, p. 92. 
 
 834. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Newmont Raises Reserves Estimates for Gold Quarry. V. 
 34, No. 6, 1981, pp. 147, 150. 
 
 835. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Nevada's Alligator Ridge Gold Mine Comes on Stream. 
 V. 34, No. 8, 1981, p. 65. 
 
 836. Victoria Copper Mine Shut Down by Day Mines. 
 
 V. 34, No. 10, 1981, p. 76. 
 
 837. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Nevada May be the Next Big Molybdenum Producer. V. 
 34, No. 12, 1981, p. 77. 
 
 838. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada; Duval Discovers Silver and (jold Near Battle Mountain. 
 V. 35, No. 1, 1982, p. 35. 
 
 839. What's Going on in World Mining— United States: 
 
 Nevada, V. 35, No. 6, 1982, p. 105. 
 
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 263-270. 
 
 841. Wright, L.B. Southern Pacific's Geologists Find 132,000 
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 pp. 1176-1177. 
 
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201 
 
 Tem Piute District, Lincoln County, Nevada. U.S. Geol. Svur. OFR 
 51-89, 1951, 12 pp. 
 
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 12 pp. 
 
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 7912, 1959, 120 pp. 
 
202 
 
 APPENDIX A.— LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 CHEMICAL SYMBOLS 
 
 Ag Silver. 
 
 Al Aluminum. 
 
 AI2O3 Alumina. 
 
 APT Ammonium paratungstate. 
 
 Au Gold. 
 
 Ba Barium. 
 
 BaS04 Barium sulfate, barite. 
 
 Be Beryllium. 
 
 Ca Calcium. 
 
 CaFj Fluorite, fluorspar. 
 
 CaO Calcium oxide. 
 
 Co Cobalt. 
 
 Cu Copper. 
 
 F Fluorine. 
 
 Fe Iron. 
 
 Hg Mercury. 
 
 Li Lithium. 
 
 LiOj Lithia. 
 
 LijCOg Lithium carbonate. 
 
 Mg Magnesium. 
 
 MgO Magnesia. 
 
 Mn Manganese. 
 
 Mo Molybdenum. 
 
 M0S2 Molybdenite, molybdenum sulfide. 
 
 Ni Nickel. 
 
 Pb Lead. 
 
 S Sulfur. 
 
 Sb Antimony . 
 
 Se Selenium. 
 
 V Vanadivun. 
 
 V2O5 Vanadium pentoxide. 
 
 W Tungsten. 
 
 WO3 Tungsten trioxide. 
 
 Zn . Zinc. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS ABBREVIATIONS 
 AND SYMBOLS 
 
 BLM (U.S.) Bureau of Land Management. 
 
 CCD Countercurrent decantation. 
 
 Insol Insoluble. 
 
 MRDS Mineral Resources Data System. 
 
 ppt Precipitation. 
 
 quad Quadrangle. 
 
 R Range. 
 
 Sec Section. 
 
 T Township. 
 
 USBM (U.S.) Bureau of Mines. 
 
 USGS U.S. Geological Survey. 
 
 ° Degree. 
 
 ' Minute of arc (plane angle). 
 
 " Second of arc (plane angle). 
 
 APPENDIX B.— COMMON CONVERSION FACTORS^ 
 
 To convert to kilograms (kg) 
 
 from— Multiply by- 
 Grams 0.001 
 
 Troy ounces .0311035 
 
 Pounds (avoirdupois) .453592 
 
 Short tons 907.185 
 
 Metric tons 1,000.0 
 
 To convert to metric tons (t) 
 
 from— Multiply by- 
 Grams 0.000001 
 
 Pounds (avoirdupois) .000453592 
 
 Kilograms .001 
 
 Short tons .907185 
 
 To convert to troy ounces ifr oz) 
 
 from— Multiply by- 
 Grams 0.0321507 
 
 Pennyweights .05 
 
 Pounds (avoirdupois) 14.5833 
 
 Kilograms 32.1507 
 
 Short tons 29,166.7 
 
 Metric tons 32,150.7 
 
 To convert to pounds (lb) from— Multiply by- 
 Grams 0.00220462 
 
 Troy ounces .0685714 
 
 Kilograms 2.20462 
 
 Short tons 2,000.0 
 
 Metric tons 2,204.62 
 
 To convert to short tons (ton) 
 
 from— Multiply by- 
 Grams 0.00000110231 
 
 Pounds (avoirdupois) .0005 
 
 Kilograms .00110231 
 
 Metric tons 1.10231 
 
 To convert to 76-lb flasks from— Multiply by- 
 Grams 0.0000290082 
 
 Pounds (avoirdupois) .0131579 
 
 Kilograms 0.0290082 
 
 Short tons 26.3158 
 
 Metric tons 29.0082 
 
 To convert to grams per metric 
 ton from— Multiply by- 
 Troy ounces per short ton 34.2857 
 
 To convert to troy ounces per 
 short ton from— Multiply by- 
 Grams per metric ton 0.0291667 
 
 To convert to cubic meters (m^) 
 from— Multiply by- 
 Acre feet 1,233.6192 
 
 ■Except for cubic meter conversion to acre feet, conversion factors are 
 from BuMines Statistical Standard 1-83, June 6, 1983. 
 
 Note: Boldface conversion factors are exact. 
 
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