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APPLETOS & LITCHFIELD, 
 
 SUCCESSORS TO PROUTY d- APPLE TOA', 
 Importers and Retailers of 
 
 PIHE CUTLERY Affl FISHIE TAC 
 
 RODS, REELS, and LINES of every description. 
 
 ARTIFICIAL FLIES of all kinds. 
 
 LEONARD'S and NICHOLS' SPLIT BAMBOOS. 
 
 ENGLISH POCKET and TABLE CUTLERY 
 of the Best Makes 
 
 SPORTSMEN'S and HUNTING KNIVES. 
 
 FINE RAZORS, warranted to give satisfaction. 
 
 SHAVING ARTICLES. 
 
 HAMMOCKS in great variety. 
 
 CAMP LANTERNS and AXES. 
 
 FISHING SUITS and SHOES. 
 
 APPLETON & LITCHFIELD, 
 304 Washington Street. 
 
 (2d door North of the Old South) 
 
 BOSTON, MASS. 
 

 ^^,- 
 
FISH: 
 
 THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS 
 
 AND THE 
 
 fHEtljotfS of Catdjing STtem, 
 
 TOGETHER WITH 
 
 FISHING AS A RECREATION. 
 
 BY 
 
 LORENZO Grouty. 
 
 ■ In such green palaces the first kings reigned. 
 Slept in their shades, and angels entertained; 
 With such old counsellors they did advise, 
 And by frequenting sacred groves grew wise." 
 
 BOSTON: 
 
 CUPPLES, UPHAM AND COMPANY, 
 
 ©in Corner Bookstore. 
 1883. 
 

 Copyright, by 
 CUPPLES, Upham and Company, 
 
 1&&S. 
 
 ELECTROTYPED. 
 BOSTON PTr-RF.OTYPF. FOUNDRY, 
 
TO 
 
 JHfjc fHans iFrtcntis of tf)E 'Sutljor 
 
 WHO IN PAST YEARS 
 
 HAVE ENCAMPED WITH HIM IN FOREST AND BY STREAM, 
 
 AND WHO DOUBTLESS IN READING THIS LITTLE 
 
 VOLUME WILL RECALL HIS PRESENCE 
 
 WITH PLEASANT MEMORIES J 
 
 AND 
 
 TO THOSE READERS WHO NOT HAVING KNOWN HIM 
 
 WILL FROxM THESE PAGES 
 
 MAKE SOME ACQUAINTANCE WITH HIS 
 
 LIFE AND CHARACTER. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Page 
 
 Preface i 
 
 General Remarks g 
 
 Fresh-Water Fish i6 
 
 The Angler's Apparatus 27 
 
 Rods and Lines 29 
 
 FLOATS AND LaNDING-NeTS 36 
 
 Fly-Fishing 38 
 
 Dabbing 40 
 
 Minnow-Spinning 41 
 
 Bottom-Fishing 44 
 
 Baits for Trout 46 
 
 The Salmon 48 
 
 The Blue Fish 52 
 
 The Black Fish 55 
 
 The Mackerel 58 
 
 The Scaupaug-Scup . . . , 59 
 
 The Common Shad 60 
 
VUl CONTENTS. 
 
 The Perch 60 
 
 The Smelt 64 
 
 Trip to Kempt, N, S., in 1879 .... 65 
 
 Trip to Nova Scotia in 1881 .... 71 
 
 A Day on Grand Lake 82 
 
 Two Days at Skiff Lake 85 
 
 Trip to Schoodie Lake in 1882 ... 86 
 
 Traps loi 
 
 In Memoriam 105 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The material of which this book is largely- 
 composed is from notes and manuscripts 
 which Mr. Prouty had been preparing during 
 the last few years of his life, suggested by 
 his experience in camp-life and active busi- 
 ness pursuits, with the intention of presenting 
 them to the public when the proper occasion 
 should come. Hence, in the compilation, 
 the book is not expected to be so complete as 
 it would have been could he have lived long 
 enough to have had the arrangement himself, 
 and have added more of his own practical ex- 
 perience and suggestions. 
 
 Mr. Prouty was born in Boston in 1839, 
 removed to Dorchester in 1841, and, passing 
 through the Grammar School, graduated at 
 Chauncy Hall School, in Boston. 
 
From early boyhood he manifested par- 
 ticular interest in fishing and angling, and 
 every opportunity was seized to indulge in 
 this favorite pastime. In 1855 he entered 
 the hardware store of Martin L. Bradford, 
 and naturally drifted into the department of 
 fishing-tackle, to which he gave his closest 
 attention, to make himself familiar with all 
 its details. His great love of the sport, his 
 experience in the forest and stream, and his 
 practical common sense, enabled him to mas- 
 ter this branch of their business, and he aided 
 largely its rapid growth and success during 
 the last few years of his life. In fact, so 
 well had he become known by the lovers of 
 this delightful ini, that he was made an offi- 
 cer of the Anglers' Association of Boston, 
 and was often quoted as an authority upon 
 angling throughout the land. 
 
 Of a modest and retiring nature, upright 
 in all his dealings with his fellow-men, and 
 of the keenest sensibilities, he made friends 
 
PREFACE, 3 
 
 daily, and never forfeited the friendship of 
 any. 
 
 When, after the confinement and arduous 
 duties of his business life, he left all behind 
 for the pleasure of the camp, to indulge in its 
 sport for rest and recreation, and to enjoy 
 the grandeur and teaching of nature, as only 
 those who are lovers of this noble and life- 
 giving a7't can truly enjoy them, away from 
 all the busy hum of the city, in the solitude 
 of the wilderness, then did he fully realize 
 that communion with his Father and God, 
 whom he loved with the simplicity of a child. 
 
 To the friends who have shared with him 
 his camp-life, it would be a pleasure to recall 
 the many conversations they have had with 
 him in those still evening hours, whilst the 
 same beautiful moon looked down so brightly 
 on them and on their loved ones at home, 
 and naught disturbed the silence but the 
 hoot of the solitary owl. 
 
 His sudden death, at the close of the de- 
 
4 PREFACE. 
 
 parted year, just when the future was open- 
 ing to him a career of usefuhiess and honor, 
 came Hke the "pall of night" to his large 
 circle of friends, as they realized that never 
 more would his familiar face and welcome 
 smile greet them. 
 
 How better could this brief memorial 
 sketch be closed than by giving this tribute, 
 sent to his beloved wife, from one of his 
 guides in the forest home, which is but 
 the echo of all who had the pleasure of his 
 acquaintance : — 
 
 Kempt, Queens County, N. S., April i, 1SS3. 
 Mv Dear Mrs. Proutv, — Your letter and 
 picture came safely to hand. We all think 
 that the picture is perfect, and so much 
 like him that we think he must speak to us ; 
 we are very much pleased to have it, and will 
 keep it as long as we live, which will help to 
 keep him fresh in our minds, though it is 
 with sad hearts that we look upon it, know- 
 
PREFACE. 5 
 
 ing that we can never see him more. We 
 were of the same age, and in one respect aUke : 
 we loved the forest and stream, and he said to 
 me, " I plan to come down here so long as I 
 live, and always want you to go \vith me." 
 He had planned for you to come with him 
 next fall, and had our camp-ground selected, 
 and my wife and daughter thought so much 
 of having you come ; but we will look in 
 vain. I have been with many parties, and 
 will go with many more, and where we used 
 to go ; and how many things I will see to 
 remind me of him, and cause the tears to fill 
 my eyes, which I will not have strength to 
 keep down, — such as the pools where we 
 have iished, the spots where we have lain, 
 and the trees he has felled with his own 
 hands. All these things will bring to mind 
 the pleasant hours that we have spent to- 
 gether, which never can be recalled. 
 
 Mr. Prouty endeared himself to all who 
 knew him down here, and many of my friends 
 
speak sadly of his death. As for myself, it 
 has caused a sadness which will last through 
 life, and which words fail to describe, for he 
 to me was a true friend and a brother, and I 
 think how little I have done for him to what 
 he has done for me ; he never knew how 
 much I thought of him for his acts of kind- 
 ness to me and to my ^family ; look where I 
 will about my home, I can see something to 
 remind me of him. 
 
 Please excuse me for writing so much, 
 and be sure he is mourned in more homes 
 than one. My wife, daughter, and myself 
 deeply sympathize with you and your dear 
 daughter, whom to us he so often spoke of. 
 May God comfort and protect you both, and 
 permit you to meet him in the world to come, 
 where parting will not be known, and tears 
 will never flow. 
 
 Yours in love, 
 
 David Freeman. 
 
FISH: THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
FISH: 
 
 THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 The Art of Angling is a very ancient one. 
 It is difficult to say when it did not exist. 
 Representations of fish and of fishing have 
 been found upon some of the oldest tombs 
 and most venerable remains extant. 
 
 In every community of savage life are 
 found instruments of angling, — rude enough, 
 but sufficiently effective for the wants of 
 those who employ them, — showing the 
 various inventions for fishing to have been 
 primitive and universal. 
 
 One of the first treatises on angling in the 
 English language is that of Dame Julianna 
 Bernes, published in 1496. The next is by 
 the well-known Isaac Walton, in 1653 ; and 
 since then the number of works of this 
 
lO FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 character has constantly increased, — indeed, 
 hardly any other subject has had so much 
 written about it. This is not strange, when 
 we consider that more than three-fourths 
 of the earth's surface is covered with water, 
 and teems with life in various forms. 
 
 Naturalists of the present day know of 
 upwards of thirteen thousand varieties of fish, 
 of which perhaps one-tenth belong to fresh- 
 water. 
 
 The importance of the fisheries on our own 
 coasts can hardly be exaggerated, whether 
 we consider the amount of wholesome food 
 which they yield, the pecuniary value of 
 their product, the number of persons em- 
 ployed, the stimulus furnished to ship and 
 boat-building, and, not least of all, their ser- 
 vice as a school for seamen, from which 
 the merchant marine, as well as the navy of 
 the country, derives its most important re- 
 cruits. The rapid growth of the country, 
 the construction of railroads, and the use of 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. ii 
 
 ice for packing, have furnished facilities for 
 sending fish in good condition to all mar- 
 kets ; and the demand for them has in- 
 creased in proportion. The discovery that 
 fish could be made to yield a valuable oil 
 by boiling has contributed an additional 
 means of consumption, and more recently 
 the packing of fish in tins prepared to keep 
 them fresh for any length of time has given 
 employment to both capital and men. But 
 it is with the fish which we take for our 
 sport that we are here concerned. In the 
 sea about our own coast we find the cod, 
 haddock, mackerel, tautog, perch, smelt, 
 striped bass, and bluefish. 
 
 The cod and haddock are taken in water 
 from fifty to one hundred feet deep, with a 
 strong line and sinkers heavy enough to 
 keep it down, and usually with two hooks 
 baited with clams. They swim near the 
 bottom, and when they are biting freely 
 afford considerable sport. 
 
12 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 The most beautiful of our salt-water fish, 
 the mackerel, appears on our coast during- 
 the month of May. Swimming near the 
 surface, it is taken with a small hook with 
 a bright piece of metal attached to make it 
 sink rapidly and at the same time to at- 
 tract the fish. Each person uses two of 
 these hooks and lines. In order to lure the 
 fish about the boat, "wash-bait" — that is, 
 fish ground up fine and mixed with water — 
 is thrown over, a little at a time. It is the 
 superior attraction of the metal bait which 
 captures them. When fishing from the 
 deck of a mackerel schooner, with all hands 
 engaged, the scene is exciting in the ex- 
 treme. Each man has a tub to throw his 
 catch in, and the constant flopping of the 
 fish reminds one of a drum-corps in active 
 operation. 
 
 The smelt, although small, is a choice 
 fish, and is readily taken from June till 
 winter with hook and line and stiff rod. In 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. 13 
 
 the winter it is taken through the ice in 
 the river mouths. 
 
 The tautog and perch are found near 
 rocks, upon the muscles, attached to which 
 they are accustomed to feed. They may be 
 caught with hand Hues from a boat an- 
 chored near the spot, or with a long rod 
 and line from the shore. The tautog is a 
 strong fish ; he takes his bait boldly, and 
 starts for the bottom with it, and if of good 
 size he gives some excitement and pleasure 
 in the taking. Perch are usually plenty, 
 and are easily taken. As they have small 
 mouths, small hooks should be used. 
 
 Bluefish, formerly very plenty during the 
 summer months, are not at present often 
 found this side of Cape Cod ; but the pleas- 
 ure of taking them will well repay a jour- 
 ney to the south side, or even to Nantucket 
 and Martha's Vineyard. The best method 
 of taking them is from a sail-boat. Two 
 or even four can fish at once. Fifty yards 
 
14 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 of Strong line should be used, and a hook 
 with metal run on it to load it, and cov- 
 ered with an inverted eel-skin for a bait. 
 The lines are trailed behind the boat when 
 four are fishing at once, and an out rigging 
 of wood is fastened at the stem, so as to 
 keep them from running too close together. 
 With the boat under full sail, all lines out, 
 and each one expectant, the excitement is 
 intense ; when the fish are reached, and 
 one feels a twitch on his line, he begins 
 to haul in as fast as possible, and if not 
 quick enough his fish springs ahead and 
 drops the hook. Often there will be a fish 
 on each line at once, and then such fun, 
 all pulling together ! The fish weigh from 
 four to ten pounds each. The skipper en- 
 deavors to keep the boat in the vicinity of 
 the school, and tacks about to run through 
 it, but often loses sight of it, for when 
 feeding with the current the fish move 
 rapidly. 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. I5 
 
 When plenty, from fifty to one hundred 
 fish are often taken a day, and it "is thor- 
 oughly tiresome work. 
 
 The striped bass is the king of salt-water 
 fish, and in the opinion of many gives as 
 much sport as the salmon. Twenty years 
 ago many were taken from the bridges in 
 Boston harbor, but with the growth of the 
 city the waters have become less pure, and 
 bass are now scarce there. 
 
 At many points on Cape Cod and south 
 of it there is still opportunity for this sport. 
 The method of fishing is to use a short, 
 stiff rod of eight feet in length, a reel with 
 six hundred feet of line, and a hook baited 
 with a piece of eel. From some rocky 
 point well out in the sea the bait is cast 
 as far as possible. The fish are moving 
 about looking for food, and if hungry take 
 in the bait. When one is hooked it is quite 
 a trial of skill and patience to capture him, 
 as, full of strength and courage, he will 
 
i6 fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 try every possible means to break away. 
 But when landed, if of good size, say from 
 twenty-five to fifty pounds, he will amply 
 repay all trials and disappointments. Many 
 of the islands south of Cape Cod are owned 
 by clubs which have fitted up houses and 
 employ men to "chum" or feed the fish so 
 as to keep them about the rocks, and thus 
 the owners are quite sure of sport whenever 
 the weather is favorable. 
 
 Fresh-Water Fish. 
 
 In the fresh-water pohds and rivers are 
 found the salmon, trout, pickerel, black bass, 
 and perch. 
 
 The pickerel lives in the warmer waters 
 and more sluggish streams ; it spawns in the 
 spring, and is in good condition most of the 
 year. Very good sport may be had in troll- 
 ing for it with the spoon baits, or with small 
 fish. In the winter, it is captured by setting 
 lines in holes cut through the ice. 
 
fish: their habits and haunts." 17 
 
 The black bass was brought to Massachu- 
 setts by Mr. Tisdale, of Wareham, about 
 thirty years ago, from New York, and has 
 been placed in many ponds, until now it is 
 so plenty as to take the most prominent place 
 among our fresh-water fish. Larger than the 
 perch, and full of pluck, it affords much 
 pleasure in the capture. The ponds in Ply- 
 mouth are well stocked with bass, and many 
 Boston people go there to fish. 
 
 I think few are aware what a pleasant 
 town Plymouth is, and what opportunities it 
 offers for fishing and other sports. Although 
 so near to Boston, its woods and lakes are as 
 wild as when the Pilgrims landed. 
 
 The trout is the most beautiful of all 
 fish, and has afforded recreation for thou- 
 sands of years to lovers of nature through- 
 out the Temperate Zone. The most plenty 
 of all the game fish, it may be angled 
 for with the commonest tackle, as a willow 
 stick cut by the side of the stream, or with 
 
i8 fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 very elaborate apparatus, and in either case 
 it gives to the enthusiastic fisherman the 
 keenest delight. 
 
 The old and young, the learned and igno- 
 rant, the poor and rich, all classes, ages and 
 conditions, have enjoyed angling for trout. 
 Once, nearly every stream in the Middle, 
 Northern, and Eastern States teemed with 
 both trout and salmon. The salmon has 
 been driven away, and, had not anglers inter- 
 fered to save the trout, they would now be 
 known only from books and from the stories 
 of the oldest inhabitants. 
 
 For bait-fishing, the convenient tackle is 
 a light rod of ten or twelve feet in length, 
 with reel and line, and small hooks, with 
 well-scoured worms for bait. The stream 
 should be approached with the greatest cau- 
 tion, as this fish is very wary, and the line 
 should be dropped lightly into the water, 
 and in an instant the fisherman may be re- 
 warded by a sudden pull and the landing of 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. I9 
 
 a fine trout. But to enjoy trout-fishing at 
 its best necessitates longer journeys and 
 camping out, requires more thought and 
 preparation. Where to go, how long to 
 stay, what to carry, and what will be the 
 expense, are the questions that arise. 
 
 Most of the camping trips from this lo- 
 cality are made either to Maine, to New 
 York, or to the Provinces. Maine offers 
 the best and handiest grounds. Trips may 
 be made to the Rangely Lakes, Moosehead 
 Lake, Grand Lake Stream, or the Dead 
 River country, with good success, either for 
 fishing or hunting ; and it is from such 
 trips, when we give nature a chance to deal 
 with us in her own way, that we experience 
 wonderful benefits to our mental and physi- 
 cal strength. 
 
 In the constant struggle of business re- 
 quirements the human system can hardly 
 hold its own. It needs a rest at least once 
 a year ; and not a rest only, but a change 
 
20 fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 of occupation, thought, and mode of life t 
 and nothing affords this so well as a trip to 
 the woods When exhausted physically, one 
 may not be equal to a hunting trip ; but he 
 can endure the light task of fishing, while 
 to succeed in this requires suf^cient thought 
 to keep his mind from drifting away to home 
 cares, and the exercise in the open air pro- 
 vokes an appetite that is astonishing. It has 
 been said that man degenerates without fre- 
 quent communion with nature. It certainly 
 is true that this communion increases his 
 reverence for and his appreciation of the 
 beautiful in nature. 
 
 To one making his first trip how^ delight- 
 fully new and strange all seems ! After 
 completing your journey to the stream, or 
 point of departure, you are probably met at 
 the landing by your guide, who, after shaking 
 hands and answering a few questions about 
 the possible sport and the parties already 
 in the woods, begins to arrange the things. 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. 21 
 
 or " traps," as they are called, in the canoe. 
 "Will that little thing," you wonder, "made 
 of birch bark and weighing not over fifty 
 pounds, carry us safely ? " But your respect 
 for it begins at once ; and as you spend day 
 after day in the bow, permitted to handle 
 the light paddle, and see how skilfully the 
 guide runs the rapids, avoiding the rocks 
 that seem ready to destroy the canoe, you 
 become attached to the frail craft with an 
 affection which you cannot forget when the 
 trip is ended. 
 
 Then the changing views of the winding 
 river as you move rapidly along causes an 
 ever new delight. At noon you step out 
 on some smooth beach well shaded by tall 
 trees, to prepare the noon meal, and how 
 you watch every motion of the guide as he 
 gathers the few sticks needed to start a 
 fire ! And when at length you are seated 
 on some smooth stone, holding your tin plate 
 in your lap, and with your tin of tea close 
 
22 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 at hand, you wonder what the folks at home 
 would think. 
 
 After a rest you start on again with re- 
 newed interest, the guide meanwhile, if talk- 
 ative, telling about his experiences in the 
 woods. And toward evening, when a good 
 spot offers, he suggests that you had better 
 encamp. Now there is still more novelty. 
 After getting the things out of the birch 
 and lifting it carefully from the water, the 
 guide starts back with his axe and soon 
 returns with long sticks to build the camp. 
 
 You look on eager to help, but ignorant 
 what to do. He selects a good, smooth spot, 
 sets up two saplings with crotched ends, 
 about eight feet apart, and lays another 
 across about six feet from the ground. 
 Then several are laid with one end on the 
 cross-piece, the other on the ground, making 
 a skeleton shed. He now peels some birch 
 bark in large pieces, and proceeds to shingle 
 the top by lapping the pieces over each 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 23 
 
 Other, all being held in place by more poles. 
 The ends are closed in by stakes driven 
 down and more bark. You now see that 
 you can be useful in getting fir boughs to 
 make a bed, and plenty of them. When 
 done, you look with much satisfaction on 
 your first house. If not expensive, it prom- 
 ises to be very comfortable, and scarcely 
 more than an hour has been occupied in 
 the building of it. 
 
 The guide now starts to fell a tree for 
 firewood, and in a few minutes you hear the 
 crash, and think "To-morrow I must try the 
 axe." Soon he appears with the pieces of 
 wood, and you watch the operation of build- 
 ing a fire. First two short pieces are laid 
 down for andirons ; then a heavy long piece 
 across for a backlog ; then small pieces for 
 the front, and, when ready, he lights up, and 
 soon all is in a ruddy blaze. Now begin 
 preparations for supper. Here you can help, 
 and the meal is quickly prepared. After 
 
24 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 supper you talk a little, smoke if you wish, 
 and are soon all ready to roll up in your 
 blanket, and find your boughs a right com- 
 fortable couch. While lost in sleep, your 
 mind miles away, you suddenly start up. A 
 most terrific scream greets your ears at no 
 great distance, and another, answering, from 
 the opposite side. Your hair fairly stands 
 on end. "What's that.'" you ask. "Oh, 
 nothing but the owls," answers the guide ; 
 and he turns over and is asleep at once. 
 You lie some time before you are lost again. 
 Morning comes. You are awake early, and 
 ready to jump up. The guide takes it rather 
 more easily, but soon is up, too ; and then 
 for the breakfast. While clearing up the 
 dishes the guide tells you, perhaps, about 
 Matalic, a poor old Indian, who formerly 
 lived all alone near where you are encamped, 
 — how one night two hunters, caught by a 
 storm, found his camp, and stopped over 
 nifrht. He was not there ; but in the morn- 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 25 
 
 ing, when one went for water to the spring, 
 he came upon Matalic nearly frozen. It 
 seems his eyes had been failing for some 
 time, and he had suddenly become blind, 
 and could not find his way back to his camp. 
 
 Soon you start hn again, with here a pool 
 with trout to fish, now a duck to try a shot 
 at, and each day bringing some new pleasure. 
 If it is the right season for floating for deer, 
 your guide will give you a chance at that. 
 Provided with a Jack-lamp placed overhead, 
 you sit perfectly still in the canoe, while 
 your guide plies the paddle without noise. 
 You listen in the dark for any sound of deer 
 feeding in the water, and, if heard, the guide 
 slowly paddles up. When near, the light is 
 thrown upon them. This shows the bright 
 eyes of the deer, at which you should fire. 
 If successful, it will add to your list of pro- 
 visions, as well as give you experience in a 
 new pleasure. So on day by day. 
 
 Stopping in camp if a rainy day occurs (a 
 
26 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 change, not uncomfortable, as a blazing' fire 
 keeps away all clamp and cold), gaining 
 strength each day, soon eager to do what 
 at first would have seemed a task to a city 
 man. P^very living thing in the woods has 
 a charm. The loons in the lake, the heron, 
 the eagle, the kingfisher, the hawks, — all 
 are watched with interest. The forest itself 
 grows upon you ; and when at length the 
 guide tells you that the time is nearly up, 
 you can hardly believe it possible, and you 
 prepare to return home almost sad to think 
 of leaving such freedom from care, and re- 
 solving if possible to return the next season. 
 Many men engage their guides for the 
 next trip without a thought how far off it 
 may be. 
 
 Angling has among its disciples a greater 
 number of scholarly and celebrated men 
 than any other sport. In fact, it is well 
 named " The Contemplative Man's Recrea- 
 tion." Many famous men of the past, as 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 2/ 
 
 well as of the present, are well-known as 
 fishermen. Daniel Webster was awful anx- 
 ious to get away from Washington when 
 detained over his fishing season. Presi- 
 dent Arthur has a reputation as a salmon 
 fisherman, with a fifty-pound fish to his 
 credit. It was on a salmon stream that he 
 first met Judge Gray, — a fact that, per- 
 haps, had much to do with the latter's 
 recent appointment. The celebrated Rev. 
 Dr. Bethune, of New York, was an ardent 
 disciple of Walton. Dr. John Todd, of 
 Boston, passed many days in the woods ; 
 and hundreds of tired clergymen, lawyers, 
 and workers in other confining pursuits 
 look forward to their trips to the woods 
 and lakes with an eagerness hardly de- 
 scribable. 
 
 The Angler's Apparatus. 
 It is impossible to be a successful angler 
 without such a complete and well-arranged 
 
28 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 assortment of tackle as will enable you to 
 be prepared for all times, seasons, and cir- 
 cumstances ; and a true brother of the craft 
 will find much to amuse him in the exercise 
 of his ingenuity in making and repairing 
 lines and files, and in the orderly disposition 
 of the materials of his art. 
 
 Of these the following is a list : Rods for 
 salmon-fishing, trolling, spinning the min- 
 now, or bleak, fly-fishing, and angling at the 
 bottom, and wincles or reels for running 
 tackle ; hooks, from No. 4 to No. 12, tied on 
 gut, hooks, from No. 10 to No. 1 3, tied on 
 hair, and loose hooks of all sizes ; paternos- 
 ters for perch, shoemaker's wax and sew- 
 ing silk, floats of various sizes, and caps for 
 floats, split shot, and plummets for taking 
 the depth of the water ; disgorger, clearing- 
 ring, and drag ; landing-net gaff, and kettle 
 for live fish ; gentle-box and bags for 
 worms ; a fishing-basket, creel, or game- 
 pouch, pair of pliers, a pair of scissors, pen- 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 29 
 
 knife, a book of artificial flies, a book of gen- 
 eral tackle. 
 
 Rods and Lines. 
 
 Choice rods are of the utmost consequence 
 to the angler's success ; and various instruc- 
 tions have been given by different authors 
 for selecting proper kinds of wood, and 
 manufacturing rods ; but as excellent rods 
 of every description are now to be purchased 
 in almost every part of the United States, 
 it is sufficient here to recommend such as 
 will be generally useful, and may be pro- 
 cured without difficulty at any of the fishing 
 stores. 
 
 In choosing a rod, be careful to examine 
 if the joints fit securely; if it be perfectly 
 straight when put together, and if it spring 
 equally in all its parts, from the butt to the 
 tip when bent. The rod for fly-fishing 
 should be thirteen feet long, and light, but 
 not too weak in the middle, — a fault common 
 in fly-rods. A rod for fly-fishing should be 
 
30 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 light, — the lighter the better, if the strength 
 be preserved and the action kept in the right 
 place, 
 
 A good fishing-rod is one of the essential 
 instruments of the angler, and the one to 
 which he pays the greatest attention. But 
 in remote country districts it is often sur- 
 prising how necessity sharpens the intellect 
 of the angler, and how he makes shift with 
 the simplest and rudest implements, and 
 really procures a good day's sport under the 
 most discouraging circumstances. 
 
 Every person who has visited the rural 
 districts with his rod in hand must have 
 seen instances of this kind, and felt a sort 
 of reproach that, with all his superior outfit, 
 he could not hope to surpass the success of 
 the simple but indefatigable rustic crafts- 
 men. 
 
 The qualities of a good rod will vary much 
 with the nature of the angling There need 
 be no great difference between a salmon 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. 31 
 
 rod and a trout-rod for fly-fishing, unless one 
 fishes very wide streams or lakes in open 
 boats ; in such cases a fourteen or sixteen- 
 foot double-handed rod is the best. A sin- 
 gle-handed rod ought to be from twelve to 
 fifteen feet in length, and it should be as 
 elastic as possible. The most beautiful rods 
 are those made of ash and lancewood ; but 
 a good lengthy rod, where it is not too 
 heavy for the single hand, gives the angler 
 a greater command over the water, and en- 
 ables him not only to throw his flies more 
 lightly, but often to reach distant spots, 
 where fine fish are lying, without over reach- 
 ing himself or having recourse to wading. 
 
 That which is commonly called "a general 
 rod" will be found most useful to the trav- 
 eller who has not an opportunity of carrying 
 more than one with him at a time, it being 
 so contrived that it may be used either for 
 fly-fishing, trolling, or bottom-fishing, as the 
 butt of the rod is bored, and contains several 
 
32 FISH : THEIR HAP.ITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 spare tips, — one for the fly, one for spinning 
 the minnow, one for the float, and another 
 for trolling, the whole being conveniently 
 packed up in a canvas bag. 
 
 Although this kind of rod will be found 
 highly serviceable, it is by no means to be 
 recommended when one has an opportunity 
 of employing separate and appropriate rods 
 for the different kinds of angling. The rod 
 used exclusively for fly-fishing should be 
 as light as is consistent with strength ; if 
 to be thrown with one hand, it should be 
 not more than twelve or fifteen feet long, 
 and if with both hands, not more than six- 
 teen to eighteen feet Indeed, a rod shorter 
 than either of these lengths specified would 
 be found very convenient in a narrow, 
 closely-wooded stream, where it is fre- 
 quently necessary to force the fly with a 
 short line under overhanging bushes. Some 
 anglers cannot be persuaded to use any other 
 fly-rod than one comi)osed of two pieces 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 33 
 
 only, and spliced in the middle : but this 
 is inconvenient to carry, and the jointed 
 rods are now brought to such perfection 
 that there is no doubt they will answer 
 every purpose of the spliced rod, besides 
 being more portable The Irish fly-rods are 
 screwed together at each joint, and are much 
 more elastic than the English rods. 
 
 The trolling-rod should be very strong, 
 and not less than twelve nor more than six- 
 teen feet in. length,' with large rings upon 
 it, that the line may run freely. The rod 
 for spinning the minnow, or bleak, should 
 be of bamboo-cane, from eighteen to twenty 
 feet long, with a tolerably stiff top ; the 
 rings should be placed at a moderate dis- 
 tance from each other, and be of medium 
 size. 
 
 The barbed rod, for angling with the 
 ledger bait, should have a stiff top and be 
 about eleven or twelve feet long; but for 
 flood-fishing it must be made lighter and 
 
34 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 something longer. The rod for roach or 
 dace should be of bamboo-cane ; and, if for 
 bank-fishlng, from eighteen to twenty feet 
 long ; but if for angling from a punt, not 
 more than eleven or twelve feet. It must 
 be very light, perfectly taper, and of a proper 
 degree of elasticity, as the angler's success 
 in roach or dace-fishing depends upon his 
 dexterity and quickness in striking when he 
 has a bite. Many anglers never fish with- 
 out running-tackle, that they may be always 
 prepared to encounter a large fish ; but they 
 must not hope to meet with the same sport 
 in roach and dace-fishing as those who use 
 a light rod, without rings, and a short line, 
 with which the chance of striking the fish 
 is much more certam. 
 
 The best lines for running-tackle are com- 
 pounded of silk and hair of different degrees 
 of strength and thickness, according to the 
 purpose for which they are intended. r\)r 
 salmon-fishing a strong "wind," large enough 
 
FISH : THEIF HABITS AND HAUNTS. 35 
 
 to contain from eighty to one hundred yards 
 of Hne, is requisite ; and for trout a brass 
 reel containing from thirty to forty yards 
 of line, gradually tapering to a few hairs at 
 the end, where a foot-hnk of gut holding 
 the flies is to be fixed. 
 
 Silkworm gut lines are from two to four 
 yards long, and are used as lengths to be 
 added to the line on the reel, either for fly- 
 fishing or bottom-fishing. Lines for trolling 
 are of several kinds, — some of twisted silk, 
 and others of silk and hair; but those sold 
 by the tackle-m.akers, called " patent troll- 
 ing lines," are in most general use. A 
 strong rod and from forty to sixty yards of 
 line are needed. Indian weed is a good 
 material for bottom-tackle, but inferior to 
 silkworm gut. Cat-lines, night-lines, and 
 trimmers may be purchased already fitted 
 up. 
 
 A "wind" or reel is used for running- 
 tackle, and is generally made of brass. The 
 
36 fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 multiplying reel was formerly much used, 
 but from its liability to get out of order a 
 plain reel without a strap is now preferred. 
 Reels are of various sizes, containing from 
 twenty to one hundred yards of line. The 
 paternoster is a line used for perch-fishing. 
 It is made of strong gut, and should be con- 
 nected with a running-line by a fine stud 
 swivel. It should contain three hooks of 
 sizes 7, 8, or 9, placed at equal distances 
 from each other ; the first near the bottom, 
 where a small plummet of lead is fixed to 
 sink the line, and the others at intervals 
 of from eighteen inches to two feet. The 
 hooks should be so contrived by means of 
 swivels as to revolve around the line, and 
 thereby give play to live minnows, wirh 
 which they should be baited, 
 
 Floats and Landing-Nets. 
 
 Much care and judgment are required in 
 adapting the float to the various streams or 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 37 
 
 waters in which one angles. A deep and 
 rapid river will require a float that will carry 
 from sixteen to twenty of No. 4 shot. If 
 the stream be deep, and the current gentle, 
 a float carrying one-half the number of shot 
 will be sufficiently heavy. When the water 
 is perfectly calm, a very light quill-float, 
 carrying two of No. 6 shot, should be used. 
 The smaller the float is the fewer should be 
 the number of shot ; and the finer the bot- 
 tom-tackle the greater will be the success 
 in fishing. The tip-capped float is the best 
 for pond-fishing and for gentle streams, as 
 the line is confined at each end of the float 
 by a cap, which enables one to strike at a 
 fish with greater precision than when using 
 a plugged float, which has a wire ring at the 
 bottom for the line to run through. 
 
 In shotting a line, a number of small shot 
 are preferable to a few large ones, as they 
 mark less distance in the water. The line 
 must be shotted till not more than the cap 
 
38 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 of the float is seen above the water, unless 
 the water be very rough from wind or a 
 rapid current ; in which case something more 
 of the float must swim above the water. 
 The porcupine-quill is a favorite float with 
 some anglers, but for a moderate stream a 
 swan-quill is preferable. 
 
 A landing-net may be purchased which 
 will unscrew from a socket in the handle, 
 into which socket a gaff or hook for landing 
 salmon, pike, and large trout may also be 
 screwed, and both, net and gaff may be car- 
 ried in the basket or creel till the river side 
 is reached. The handle should be four or 
 five feet long. 
 
 Fly-Fishing. 
 
 Fly-fishing is certainly the most pleasant 
 kind of angling, and it has many advantages 
 over every other mode. In the first place, 
 the apparatus is light and poitable ; for with 
 a slight rod twelve feet long (or, if for a nar- 
 row and wooded stream, one of ten feet only 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 39 
 
 would be more convenient), a rod containing 
 thirty yards of line, a book of artificial flies, 
 and a landing-net, one is fairly equipped for 
 the sport. In the second place, it is the 
 most cleanly and least cruel mode of angling, 
 as one is not obliged to soil his hands with 
 ground-bait or live-bait, or to torture living- 
 fish or insects on his hook. Another charm 
 in fly-fishing is that one is never restricted 
 to one spot, but continues to rove along the 
 banks of the stream, enjoying in his devious 
 paths all the varieties of its scenery. 
 
 In fly-fishing these rules should be ob- 
 served ; — 
 
 I. Always fish v/ith the sun before you 
 and the wind behind you ; if it should be 
 blowing in any other direction you will be 
 unable to cast your flies where you want 
 them to go. Cast straight before you, al- 
 lowing your flies to go with the stream as 
 far as possible, so as to imitate the natural 
 fly swimming. 
 
40 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 2. Take care to have your running-line 
 always clear ; for if there is any impediment, 
 and you happen to hook a good trout, he 
 will break your tackle to pieces before you 
 can free the line. 
 
 3. The water must be clear, the clearer 
 the better, provided the day be cloudy ; it 
 is useless fiy-fishing when the water is thick. 
 
 4. Different waters require different flies ; 
 those that may be good killers on one river 
 may not catch a single trout in another. 
 
 Fly-making is one of those delicate and 
 minute matters which can be learned ef- 
 fectually only by imitation, — just as a man 
 learns to make a shoe, a bucket, a chair, or 
 a table. One will learn more of fly-making 
 in an hour by the eye than in a twelve- 
 months by the understanding. 
 
 Tkout-Fishing ry Dabbing. 
 
 For this method of fishing, a fly-rod and 
 finest line, with two yards of fine casting- 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 4I 
 
 line, and a small hook, should be used. 
 Catch one of the flies similar to those at 
 which the trout are rising, and hook it 
 under the belly ; let the sun be in your 
 face and the wind behind you ; stand as far 
 from the bank as you can ; then drop the fly 
 lightly on the water, and if a fish does not 
 rise at it in a moment, lift it and let it drop 
 again ; if there is a fish about, the fly will not 
 be dropped many times before it is seized. 
 Be careful, when you strike, that you do not 
 break your line. You may do good exe- 
 cution by poking your rod under trees or 
 bushes overhanging the water, but you must 
 go carefully and quickly to work or you will 
 not have the shadow of a chance. 
 
 Minnow-Spinning and Bottom-Fishing. 
 
 The rod for spinning the minnow should 
 be thirteen or fourteen feet long, light and 
 not stiff. As the line is light, and the tackle 
 fine, one is likely to break them when he 
 
42 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 gets a run, if he fishes with a stiff rod. Be- 
 sides, trout, when hooked, sometimes make 
 tremendous leaps, and if one leap from you, 
 and the rod is very stiff, something will be 
 sure to break. The line for spinning the 
 minnow must be made of silk, plaited, one 
 hundred yards long. Tackle for spinning 
 the minnow, if one is going to fish in a river 
 where the fish are large, should be made of 
 three stout guts, not tied together, but 
 looped to three small swivels, one at each 
 joint, and a single hook with a small lead 
 twelve inches from the hook. This is the 
 very best tackle for spinning the min- 
 now for pike and perch, as well as trout. 
 But if you are going to fish in a small stream 
 or brook, where you know the fish are small, 
 finer gut should be used. The way to bait 
 this tackle is with a fine baiting-needle, 
 putting the needle in at the bait of the min- 
 now on one side and out at the mouth, draw- 
 ins: the shank of the hook inside the bait, 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS, 43 
 
 placing the bend of the hook so as to bend 
 the tail, and stitching the mouth up with a 
 needle and thread; the thread should be 
 lapped round the gut to keep the minnow 
 in place. If you are spinning for trout in 
 a river, fish under water, — in the rapid water 
 by the side of stone-walls or broken banks, 
 where the river comes dashing and boiling 
 furiously ; at mill-tails, and all such places ; 
 but only fish these places when the water 
 is clear. When there is a rise of water, and it 
 is discolored, fish in steady, shallow places, and 
 work your bait much, or the fish will not see it. 
 When you see a likely spot for trout, keep 
 as much out of sight as you can, as trout, 
 when feeding small fry, often lie within a 
 foot of the surface, so that they can easily 
 see you, and if a trout gets one glimpse of 
 either you or the rod he is off in a moment. 
 Spin the minnow against the stream, and 
 if the stream is deep enough, sink the min- 
 now three or four feet, and spin upwards, 
 
44 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 throw your bait as far as you can across the 
 stream ; then let it sink deep in the water 
 without touching the bottom, and spinning 
 to the surface. The best minnows for the 
 purpose are those of moderate size, with 
 their sides and belHes of a pearly whiteness. 
 If the angler has conveniences for keeping 
 them, they are all the better for being kept a 
 few days in clear, soft water, as this renders 
 them firmer and brighter. The twisting of 
 the minnow is the beauty of this kind of 
 angling ; the fish, seeing it at a great dis- 
 tance, fancy it is making all the haste it can 
 to escape, and they make more haste to 
 catch it. 
 
 Bottom-fishing with the worm is decidedly 
 an excellent mode of angling for trout. I 
 have caught trout with the worm when the 
 fly and minnow could not capture a single 
 fish ; and when it is done rightly, this method 
 cannot easily be surpassed. If the water is 
 clear, and you are to fish in a brook or small 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 45 
 
 stream, the most likely places are under 
 bushes, by the side of piles, under old trees 
 overhanging the water, or under anything 
 that can form a cover for trout. Sit down 
 very quietly ten or fifteen yards above the 
 place you have selected for fishing in. If the 
 stream is shallow opposite where you sit, and 
 then falls into a hole, all the better ; get the 
 right depth by trying, and then adjust the 
 quill-float so that the bait will just niiss the 
 bottom ; cut two or three worms in short 
 pieces and throw them in some yards above 
 you, and if the water is five or six feet deep 
 they will go to the bottom below you, just 
 where you want them ; put your bait on, 
 and then let it go down the stream, giv- 
 ing out line from the reel until the float is 
 under the bushes. The trout will bite, one 
 after another, without fear, and you can soon 
 fish out all there are in the hole. 
 
46 fish : their habits and haunts. 
 
 Baits for Trout. 
 
 The natural bait most generally used in 
 angling is the worm ; it may be used success- 
 fully for every kind of fresh-water fish, with 
 the exception of pickerel. The lob-worm is 
 in season from May to September, and may 
 be found at night with a candle or lantern in 
 any place where the grass is short. It is an 
 excellent bait for salmon, trout, and eels. 
 
 The red worm is small, and of a bright 
 red ; it is found in old manure heaps, in de- 
 cayed tanners'-bark, and on the borders of 
 old drains ; it is impossible to speak too highly 
 of the value of this worm to the angler, as 
 almost every kind of fresh-water fish will 
 take it eagerly. 
 
 To bait hooks with worms enter the point 
 of the hook a little below the head, threading 
 the worm carefully without breaking or bruis- 
 ing it to within a quarter of an inch of the 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 4/ 
 
 tail ; the shank of the hook must be well 
 covered with the worm. . 
 
 An angler should always be provided with 
 well-scoured worms, as they are more lively, 
 bright, and tough than when first taken from 
 the earth. There are various modes recom- 
 mended for scouring worms, but the use of 
 clean moss alone will answer every pur- 
 pose. The moss should be well washed 
 and squeezed till nearly dry, then placed in 
 an earthen pan to receive the worms, which 
 will be ready for use in four or five days. 
 Great care must be taken to keep the moss 
 sweet and clean by changing it every three 
 or four days, and washing it well, and if any 
 worms are dead they should be removed. 
 
 The grasshopper is found in short, dry 
 grass in the months of June, July, and 
 August, and is an excellent bait in bush- 
 fishins:. 
 
48 fish : their habits and haunts. 
 
 Salmon. 
 The salmon is the noblest of fresh-water 
 fish, and stands highest in the angler's esti- 
 mation. He is the king of the streams ; his 
 title to precedence has never yet been ques- 
 tioned ; his magnitude, his keen and lively 
 eye, his shining silvery scales, his muscular 
 powers, his rapid and graceful motions, his 
 beautiful proportions, his intellectual in- 
 stincts, and his rich, delicate flavor, all unite in 
 establishing his superiority over all other fish. 
 Neither should it be forgotten that salmon- 
 fishing is considered the angler's highest 
 sport, whilst it affords the best criterion of 
 his professional skill. Indeed, success in 
 angling for this noble fish may be deemed 
 the measure or standard of the angler's dex- 
 terity, — the test of his art, the legitimate 
 object of his loftiest aspirations, affording 
 undeniable proof of his fitness to take his 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 49 
 
 stand amongst the most accomplished adepts 
 of this interesting craft. 
 
 The salmon spawns generally in the 
 months of September and October, but there 
 is some difference in different rivers. It is 
 at this season that it is seen passing up the 
 river in enormous shoals, and leaping over 
 every obstacle which lies in its way. When 
 the salmon takes the fly the angler must 
 immediately give him time, and must particu- 
 larly bear in mind that the slightest rash- 
 ness at this crisis will set him at liberty 
 again. No matter how well-seasoned or 
 strong the tackle may be, no one can suc- 
 ceed in turning a salmon when he is first 
 hooked. It is only by giving comparatively 
 gentle tugs, or letting him feel the weight 
 and pressure of the rod and line at short 
 intervals, that you can make him rush about 
 backwards and forwards so as to exhaust his 
 strength. The greatest patience and cool- 
 ness are therefore indispensable. Many fish 
 
50 FISH : THEJK HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 will require unremitting care and skill for 
 two or three hours before they yield ; and 
 few of any size can be landed as they ought 
 to be in less than an hour. When the fish 
 bounds repeatedly out of the water the 
 chances are that he will succeed in breaking 
 his hold either by the main force of his fall 
 into the stream, or by tumbling across the 
 line. The latter accident scarcely ever fails 
 to set him free. When the fish takes what 
 is called "the sulks," the chances of killing 
 him, if the bottom is not favorable, are very 
 problematical. 
 
 A salmon will rise again and again at the 
 fly after he has missed it. In this he differs 
 widely from the trout. He has been seen to 
 miss the fly a dozen times in succession, 
 and at last take it greedily. Should he, 
 however, be slightly hooked in any instance 
 and break off, he will come no more, — at 
 any rate not for some time. 
 
 It is important for the angler to be able to 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. 51 
 
 detect with a glance of the eye the places 
 where salmon may with most probability be 
 expected to lie. It is not often that he is to 
 be found in long, straggling streams compara- 
 tively shallow, and not leading directly into 
 a longer or shorter reach of deep, still water. 
 He is always very shy of trusting himself in 
 such places. On the contrary, a rapid 
 stream, running directly into a sheet of deep 
 and still water, is his most probable haunts. 
 Many large fish, however, never go into the 
 stream at all; they keep in deep water 
 among large stones, brushwood, and old 
 sunken roots of trees. When, therefore, 
 there is a fine brisk curl on the surface of 
 the water, and it is otherwise in good con- 
 dition, the deeps are the place for finding 
 fish. The shallow end or tail of a good long 
 deep, where there is a broad bed of grander 
 slopes, is in all salmon rivers a favorite spot 
 for fly-fishers. 
 
 The building of dams and manufacturing 
 
52 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 establishments, by preventing the fish from 
 going up the river to deposit their spawn, 
 has almost annihilated the salmon in this 
 State. Forty-five years ago it was very 
 abundant in the Merrimac river. Now the 
 very few specimens taken are looked upon 
 as curiosities, and our market is supplied by 
 the Kennebec and St. John fisheries. 
 
 Blue-Fish. 
 
 This fish is a species of mackerel, and 
 sometimes passes under that name. He has 
 his peculiar grounds in the rivers and bays, 
 where he comes in schools from the ocean 
 during the months of June, July, and 
 August, after which he returns to the ocean 
 for the winter. He is taken only by trolling, 
 either with a bait of fish or with the artificial 
 squid. Trolling of late years has become a 
 favorite amusement in this country, and the 
 blue-fish affords to those who live in the 
 localities he frequents much pleasure. Troll- 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 53 
 
 ing is usually done from a good-sized boat, 
 with a guide who knows the ground, or else 
 by casting from the shore and drawing in re- 
 peatedly. The former method is the most 
 common. 
 
 The tackle is simple, cheap, and easily 
 arranged. It is composed of a squid of 
 bone, tin, or pearl, with a stout line from 
 one hundred to one hundred and fifty feet 
 long. From the boat while in full sail the 
 squid is thrown out, the fish hooked and 
 drawn in, and the squid thrown out again. 
 It is a good idea to have a length of wire 
 or stout gimp between the squid and line. 
 Often in such excursions a squid is lost at 
 a time when a lover of this sport can least 
 afford time in making the necessary repairs 
 to his damaged tackle. The line should be 
 of cotton, large and well laid, from forty to 
 sixty yards long ; a light line will not an- 
 swer, as in case a large fish is hooked there 
 is more than an even chance that the line 
 
54 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 will part before he is secured, and should 
 the fish be got in, the fisher's lacerated hands 
 will remind him that there is more comfort in 
 trolling with the regular squidding tackle. 
 With a good boat, a guide who understands 
 the locality, and a fine breeze of four or five 
 knots an hour, one may be pretty sure of good 
 sport. Having thrown out his squid with one 
 hundred and fifty feet of line, he ties the 
 end of the line securely to the boat, as 
 the fish sometimes strike with much force, 
 and neglect to fasten the line frequently 
 results in the loss of the whole thing. When 
 a school of fish is found, the boatman should 
 be particular in crossing and recrossing the 
 spot where the school is, as it frequently 
 happens that the most sport is had within 
 narrow limits. When the fish is struck the 
 line should be hauled in with a steady pull, 
 not jerked ; if the line be allowed to slack 
 the fish is apt to throw itself off. To disen- 
 gage the fish from the hook, take the squid 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. 55 
 
 in the right hand, and give it a shght shake 
 with the hook uppermost, and the fish will 
 drop off into the boat. The most favorable 
 places for blue-fish are Buzzard's Bay and 
 Wareham, on the Cape ; also Babylon, In- 
 slip, and Quogue, New York. Babylon and 
 Inslip are near New York City, and are 
 easy of access. 
 
 Black-Fish, or Tautog. 
 
 The name of this fish is derived from the 
 color of its back and sides, which are a 
 bluish or ebon-black. The black-fish abounds 
 in the vicinity of Long Island, and is a 
 constant inhabitant of salt-water. It never 
 visits the rivers, like the salmon, nor deserts 
 its dwelling-place. It is fond of rocks, reefs, 
 and rough bottoms. 
 
 Until within a few years the black-fish 
 was not found north of Buzzard's Bay, but it 
 will now be found in Massachusetts Bay. 
 It is a fine table-fish, and is well known to all 
 
56 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 epicures. It affords much amusement for 
 anglers. It is taken on reefs or about de- 
 tached rocks, where the food in which it 
 deHghts is found. 
 
 The usual baits employed- in taking black- 
 fish are the hard-shelled and soft-shelled 
 clam, the rock-crab, and soldier-crab or fid- 
 dler, the shrimp, and shedder-lobster or crab. 
 The last two are decidedly the best that can 
 be used. There is a very great difference 
 observable in the black-fish, even in those 
 feeding together at the same rock. Those 
 taken close to the rock are shorter, darker 
 colored, and thicker than those which are 
 found playing in the edge of the tide as it 
 sweeps past the rock. These are long, with 
 large heads, and of a light color, especially 
 about the head and snout, the latter fre- 
 quently being nearly white ; whence they are 
 called white-noses and tide-runners. They 
 seem to delight in the eddies at the very 
 edge of swift water, where they watch for 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. 57 
 
 the shrimp or crabs which are borne along 
 by the tide. You should cast the line a little 
 above the rock, and let the bait float with 
 the current past it. Holding the rod with an 
 even, ready hand, you present the bait to 
 his expectant eye in the most natural way ; 
 and to do this should always be the study of 
 the angler who wishes to succeed. 
 
 The best mode of arranging rod-tackle for 
 black-fish is this : attach two plaited gut- 
 snells, one of twelve inches and one of 
 eight inches, to a small brass ring ; put 
 a slide-sinker on the line, and tie to the 
 ring, and all is ready. The slide-sinker 
 is by far the best, as it is frequently 
 desirable to throw from a boat to a sunken 
 rock, and as the sinker lies on the bot- 
 tom the smallest action of the fish at the 
 bait is readily felt. When the black-fish 
 favors you with a bite, give particular atten- 
 tion and pull quickly, for he has a hard, 
 tough mouth ; and if your hook and tackle 
 
58 fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 are strong you need not be fearful of any 
 damage to your tools, and with proper care 
 you can call him in. The black-fish weighs 
 from one to ten pounds. 
 
 Mackerel. 
 On our coast the mackerel is taken in 
 nets in small numbers from the latter part 
 of May until about the loth of June. After 
 this it may be readily taken with the hook, 
 and is brought to market in large quantities. 
 Although as fresh fish mackerel are sold in 
 our markets along our whole coast for several 
 months of the year, and are considered by all 
 excellent food, their greatest value arises from 
 the employment they afford to an immense 
 number of persons by the process of salting 
 and packing, — the number of barrels in- 
 spected in Massachusetts each year being 
 about two hundred and fifty thousand. In 
 some years immense shoals of mackerel arc 
 readily met with, and vessels return from fish- 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 59 
 
 ing-trips in a few weeks with full cargoes, 
 while the same localities may be vis- 
 ited in other years and the efforts of the 
 fishermen prove fruitless. So peculiar are 
 the habits of this fish that oftentimes weeks 
 may pass, the fishing-smack be surrounded 
 by millions of fish sporting upon the surface 
 of the water, and scarce one will allow him- 
 self to be taken ; while, again, the success of 
 a few days will retrieve the disappointment 
 of nearly a season. 
 
 SCAPAUG-SCUP. 
 
 This fish is taken in large quantities in 
 Buzzard's Bay and Martha's Vineyard Sound, 
 but it had not been met with in Massachu- 
 setts Bay until within a few years. It has 
 latterly been found at Buzzard's Bay and 
 Holmes' Hole. It is one of the most com- 
 mon species in the harbors, and is used more 
 than any other fish when fresh. At the 
 latter place it is taken from the ist of June 
 
60 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 until the middle of October with the hook ; 
 after that date, in the ponds, with nets and 
 spears. 
 
 Common Shad. 
 This excellent species is brought to Bos- 
 ton market from the mouths of the neigh- 
 boring rivers in considerable quantities in 
 the spring of the year, and meets with a 
 ready sale. Shad and alewives go up the 
 rivers during the month of May. Their 
 usual weight is from one to four pounds. 
 
 The Perch. 
 The perch is second only to the pike in 
 boldness and voracity. He is gregarious, is 
 an inhabitant of almost all the rivers, lakes, 
 and ponds of the United States and Europe ; 
 he is the delight of the young angler, as 
 he bites at all times very freely at nearly 
 all kinds of bait offered him, and is to be 
 caught with the most humble kinds of 
 tackle. As he swims in shoals, twenty or 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 6l 
 
 thirty of them are sometimes taken in a 
 short time in one spot. But there are times 
 and seasons when it is past the angler's art 
 to tempt the perch to feed. The middle of 
 the day' in summer is very unfavorable ; and, 
 as a general rule, the best time for angling 
 for them is from sunrise to eight o'clock in 
 the morning, and from four o'clock till dark 
 in the evening. 
 
 The season for fishing perch is from 
 August till March. Its flesh is very firm 
 and white, of excellent flavor, and particu- 
 larly wholesome and easy to digest. Mr. 
 Yarrell says : " The perch, though common, 
 is one of the most beautiful of our fresh- 
 water fishes, and when in good condition its 
 colors are brilliant and striking. The upper 
 part of the body is a rich greenish-brown, 
 passing into golden-yellow ; the first dorsal 
 fin is brown, the membrane connecting two or 
 three of the first and last rays spotted with 
 black ; the second dorsal and pectoral fins, 
 
62 fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 pale brown ; ventral, anal, and caudal fins 
 bright vermilion." A pe-rch of three pounds 
 is considered large, but it has been taken 
 weighing six or eight pounds. The perch 
 loves to lie by the side of the stream, and 
 under deep banks or near beds of the water- 
 lily, the eddies at milltails-tide, and tumbling 
 bays, near old piles of wooden bridges or 
 old kemp shedding, as well as under project- 
 ing willow boughs. The best baits for perch 
 are the minnow, the gudgeon, the red worm, 
 and the brandling. 
 
 The common mode of angling for perch 
 in ponds is with a light, stiff rod, similar to 
 that used in worm-angling for trout, with a 
 short line of about the length of the rod, a 
 light float and a small sinker, with trout- 
 hook No. 2. The usual bait for the perch 
 in pond-fishing is the common ground- 
 worm, which it will take generally, if it will 
 take anything. In regard to minnow-fishing 
 for perch, Hoflfland says : " The minnow 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 63 
 
 may be used by fixing a No. 9 hook under 
 the back fin, or by passing it through 
 his lips, with a cork float carrying shot ac- 
 cording to the depth of the water. You 
 should fish within a few inches of the bot- 
 tom ; and when a fish bites, a little time 
 should be given before you strike, as the 
 perch is tender-mouthed, and if not well 
 hooked is apt to break his hold." 
 
 In concluding these remarks about perch- 
 fishing, it is proper to describe a means of 
 attracting the fish, which is not generally 
 known. It is a secret of such value to the 
 fisherman that he ought to feel amply repaid 
 for perusing these pages when he comes 
 upon it. 
 
 Procure a large glass bottle, like those seen 
 in the windows of chemists, — the clearer 
 the glass the better ; fill the bottle with river 
 water, and put into it a quantity of live and 
 lively minnows ; cover the top with a piece 
 of parchment with holes punctured in it ; 
 
64 fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 and tying a strong cord about the neck of the 
 bottle so prepared, sink it near a pile in a 
 river, or in a deep hole near the bank. This 
 should be done early in the morning or late 
 in the evening, when no one is about to 
 witness the operation ; conceal the cord and 
 the bottle for two days. At the end of that 
 time drop a paternoster baited with live min- 
 nows by the side of the bottle, and you may 
 be sure of excellent sport, as the sight of 
 the minnows in the bottle will have att/acted 
 numerous perch to the spot. 
 
 The Smelt. 
 The body of the smelt is long and slender ; 
 the color of the back a pale green, and the 
 belly a silvery white ; the scales are oval and 
 small, and fins are all of a yellowish white. 
 The smelt is remarkable for its ])leasant and 
 peculiar smell. It spawns in March or 
 April, and inhabits the fresh-water from 
 August till May. After spawning it returns 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 6$ 
 
 for a time to the sea. It feeds upon insects 
 and small fry, and is very fond of the 
 shrimp. It seldom exceeds seven or eight 
 inches in length. In fishing for smelt some- 
 times the paternoster is used as in perch- 
 fishing, baited with live shrimp or a small 
 bit of a smelt. It is generally taken in 
 deep water about our wharves, from August 
 to December. 
 
 Trip to Kempt, N.S., in 1879. — A Moose 
 Hunt. 
 I left Boston on the morning of Septem- 
 ber 17th, at eight o'clock, and had a nice, 
 smooth passage and a fine rest. I arrived 
 in Portland at 4.30 p.m., and soon left for 
 Eastport, reaching St. John at four p.m. on 
 the 1 8th. I stayed on board till the next 
 morning, and then took steamer " Em- 
 press " at eight o'clock for Annapolis, and 
 arrived there without much worthy of note. 
 At Kempt I met by appointment my guide. 
 
66 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 and stayed over-night at his house ; and let 
 me say just here, a better guide and woods- 
 man, a keener hunter and honester man 
 than my guide, David Freeman, cannot be 
 found. 
 
 We started with baggage for the lake at 
 ten A.M. of the 20th, and camped that night 
 at Puzzle Lake. In the morning we com- 
 menced to call for moose ; the moose an- 
 swered, but did not come up, so we pulled 
 up camp, and tramped through the clear, cool 
 morning to the foot of Progress Lake. We 
 did not attempt calling moose again, as our 
 natures demanded rest. However, I pulled 
 out a rod, and caught three trout weighing 
 fifteen pounds, which were soon cooked and 
 eaten. After a nice night's rest, only 
 broken by the owl's terrific screech and the 
 lonely call of the loon, we left our traps and 
 went to the west side of Long Lake to call ; 
 but it proved to be a bad night, stormy and 
 windy. On Wednesday we went to Long 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 6/ 
 
 Lake. This region abounds in beautiful 
 lakes, where there is fine fishing and hunt- 
 ing. In the morning I fished Shelburne 
 river, but the water was very high, so there 
 were few fish. The wind was high, and 
 there was no calling for moose, so we gave 
 up for the night, which was very cold, mak- 
 ing frost and ice. Next morning we started 
 for Irving Lake, some miles distant, but 
 there was no show for moose, with the wind 
 blowing great gales, so we went down Shel- 
 burne river to Sandy Lake, which took five 
 hours. Here fishing was good and the 
 scenery delightful. However, our object 
 was not yet achieved, and once more we 
 returned to Irving Lake, arriving late in the 
 afternoon, very tired ; but the wind had gone 
 down, the air was perfectly still, and David 
 said that this was the time. He made a 
 horn of birch, and uttered a low, plaintive 
 cry, and to our great delight a moose an- 
 swered our first call, and came slowly up. 
 
68 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 About half-past six the sun had gone down, 
 and the moon was hardly up, with a dense 
 fog over the bay ; still the moose came on 
 slowly. We were concealed by bushes, 
 lying flat on the ground. He advanced to 
 within thirty-five yards. I fired my first 
 shot, which struck him on the head, but to 
 feel sure I shot once more, struck him in 
 shoulder, and dropped him. He proved to 
 be a large, fine bull, with handsome horns. 
 We opened him at once, and returned to 
 our resting-place for the night, well satisfied 
 with the undertaking. Our journey was 
 well repaid to see this noble animal and 
 know that the desired object had been 
 gained. Next day, October ist, at five in 
 the morning, we skinned the moose, David 
 taking the skin for hunting-shoes, after he 
 had dried and tanned it. We covered up 
 the meat, and at nine o'clock started for 
 help, expecting to find two men getting 
 out shingles some five m'lles from us, but 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 69 
 
 they had gone. So we continued out of the 
 forest to Kempt, where we arrived at nine 
 o'clock in the evening, after a day of hard 
 but most healthful work. The next day we 
 returned to the lake to see if our meat was 
 all right, taking with us two extra men. We 
 arrived at six in the evening, too late for 
 work. October 3d, we cut up the meat, 
 and found that our animal weighed between 
 seven hundred and eight hundred pounds. 
 We loaded canoes and started for Kempt at 
 nine in the morning. We spent the night on 
 Big Carry, and reached the landing at twelve 
 o'clock. After dinner David and the men 
 started for home. I, being very tired, found 
 a good place and pitched camp and got all 
 housed for the night. At some time in the 
 small hours David returned, and in the early 
 morning we started for Eel river, where we 
 arrived about eleven in the forenoon. Here 
 we found partridges in great numbers, also 
 plenty of fish. We went down the river 
 
70 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 and did some fine fishi-ng ; shot a nice mink, 
 the skin of which David stretched on three 
 
 sticks, as I had promised A she should 
 
 have one ; and in the afternoon hunted par- 
 tridges. Tuesday, October 7th, we started for 
 Kempt, arriving at five in the afternoon. The 
 morning of October 8th was beautiful, and 
 David drove me to Digby, stopping for break- 
 fast (a good one it proved, our appetite being 
 keen after our long ride) with his sisters, 
 who own a fine farm. We reached Digby 
 at two, and spent the night at Lord Duf- 
 ferin's house. Next morning I took the 
 boat for St. John on my way home. I had 
 a very fine trip, with good weather. So 
 ended my first moose hunt, — a trip never 
 to be forgotten for my success both in hunt- 
 ing, and fishing, and for the beauties of the 
 country I saw. 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. /I 
 
 Trip to Nova Scotia, Sept., i88i. 
 
 I left Boston at 8 a.m., September 26th, 
 on steamer " City of Portland," and reached 
 Portland at half-past four o'clock, after a 
 good, smooth passage. There were very few 
 persons I knew on board, so I took to my 
 state-room for a long nap. We had a fine 
 run to Eastport and St. John. I spent the 
 night at Hotel Dufferin, and made a few 
 calls on friends. In the morning I took a 
 steamer to Annapolis. It was very foggy, 
 but the water was not rough. I found Free- 
 man at the wharf waiting for me. We soon 
 started for his house, where we arrived 
 at ten in the evening. This was a quick 
 run from Boston into the forests of Nova 
 Scotia. On the 29th we started for the 
 lake. We built a fire and had dinner at the 
 landing. A man and boy helped us across 
 the lake and the lonely carry. Having left 
 them we went to Mount Lake to call. It 
 
72 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 was a fine night, but we had no answer and 
 so gave it up. We arranged our apartments 
 for sleeping behind a big rock, and, strangely 
 ■enough for the first night out, slept well. 
 In the morning we went back to the carry, 
 and found all our things at the shore ; but 
 the man and boy were gone. We loaded all 
 into a canoe, and it was a very heavy load ; 
 but how much these canoes will carry when 
 filled by one who knows just how to do it, is 
 astonishing. 
 
 We reached Pisquaw Carry at noon, and 
 found John Freeman and five men logging. 
 John came down and helped us with our 
 things, and had us take dinner at his camp. 
 The bill of fare consisted of baked beans, 
 bread, and tea. How good it did taste ! 
 Before we left our camping-ground he came 
 up to our camp with a very bad cut in his 
 foot ; a twig had made the axe glance. If 
 an old chopper like this cuts himself it is a 
 warning to us green men to be very careful. 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. Jl 
 
 We Started from there at two p.m., and had 
 one more carry into Pippy Luggage Lake, 
 and then, with high water, had a very fine 
 run into Irving Lake. I hope some of my 
 many friends may be induced to make this 
 trip ; they will be well repaid. Freeman 
 would be glad to see them at all times ; he 
 would make their stay pleasant. We camped 
 in a new spot, well protected from storm and 
 wind, with a good lookout through the trees 
 up the lake. We had some rain in the night 
 and plenty of wind. The thermometer stood 
 at 65'', and there was a good bracing air. 
 It was the best camp I ever had, and I slept 
 as only a tired man can sleep. October ist, 
 we did not breakfast till half-past eight. 
 The wind was strong, but it was warm, the 
 thermometer making 68° in the shade. I 
 felt well, but lazy, and decided to stop 
 here and enjoy the sweet smell of pine and 
 spruce as well as the delightful prospect, 
 until the wind should go down. Haly, of 
 
74 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 California, was here one day before us, and 
 this made our chance of success rather less 
 than we had hoped. This morning I found 
 plenty of trout-bones, and concluded to try 
 the river. In the afternoon we fished a 
 little, getting some fine fish. We went to 
 the bay, but there was so much wind it 
 was of no use. We camped under rubber 
 blankets and were verv warm. Next morn- 
 ing the thermometer registered 55''; the 
 wind was northwest ; it was cloudy. We 
 had a nice breakfast of baked beans warmed 
 in tin-pan in ashes, boiled potatoes, coffee, 
 and toasted hard-bread. What appetites the 
 out-door life brings to us poor city chaps, 
 who see nothing but brick walls the most of 
 the year ! How little we know the beauties 
 of Dame Nature's book ! 
 
 I fished in the afternoon for a few minutes, 
 and caught si.x nice fish. I also shot a par- 
 tridge that had ventured near the camp. 
 The wind went down towards night, so we 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. y$ 
 
 went to the bog to call for moose. It was 
 a fine night at first, but we had no answer. 
 Before morning it rained hard, so we started 
 back to camp. We cut plenty of wood, and 
 had a good fire and breakfast, but grew tired 
 of waiting for clear weather. I did plenty 
 of sleeping this trip, as rain continually 
 followed me. It turned very cold, so we 
 put up shelter around the front of the camp, 
 and tried to be comfortable. At last the 
 wind and rain ceased, and the moon — almost 
 full — greeted us; a welcome sight. We 
 concluded to go and call on Irving Lake. 
 There was a light wind blowing towards us, 
 and after a while we got a faint answer in 
 the long distance from Moose Lake. We 
 again called. The answer came from nearer, 
 and showed the bull was with a cow. In a 
 little while both answered our repeated call, 
 and were moving with the wind down on 
 the other side of the bog in the woods. We 
 moved along on one side, and gave an occa- 
 
jG FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 sional call, waiting for an answer. We kept 
 this up for about a mile, when we got to a 
 place where the trees nearly met in the bog. 
 There we crossed, and found we were ahead 
 of them, with the wind towards us. While 
 waiting for an answer, or some sound to 
 break the great stillness, I saw a dark object 
 fifty or seventy-five yards distant from me 
 in the thick trees moving along. It fairly 
 made my hair stand on end. I made up my 
 mind to fire. As the darkness was great, I 
 fired as near the shoulder as I could aim 
 through the trees. While I put down an- 
 other shell with bullet, David ran ahead and 
 fired, as we could not see what the animal 
 was, and the moose, for such it proved to be, 
 dropped. My first shot was fatal, but of 
 course David did not know it. With both guns 
 unloaded, we went up to it ; I cut its throat. 
 As I stood up on a stump I saw another one 
 not thirty yards off coming up. I reached 
 my gun, and got in the last bullet I had. 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 7/ 
 
 The moose saw me, and turned quickly to 
 run. I fired at the .neck, and he dropped 
 instantly. I hardly understand how the shot 
 could be so fatal, as the animal proved to be 
 a bull, although with small horns. So in 
 one minute after seeing them we had two 
 fine moose, a cow and a bull, twelve hundred 
 pounds of meat, and the grand object of the 
 trip accomplished. Pretty good for only 
 nine days out, and a Boston boy at that ! 
 David cut the throat of the bull, and placed 
 the animals so as to bleed freely. I laid my- 
 self down to get a long breath. We started 
 back to camp, as it was now broad daylight. 
 At five in the morning, after breakfast, we 
 went to John Freeman's logging camp, arriv- 
 ing there about noon. He was not there, 
 but his head man and four others took their 
 large boat and returned with us. We landed 
 and reached the game about four in the 
 afternoon. Having skinned, cut up, and 
 packed seven loads of meat that night, all 
 
78 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS 
 
 slept in our camp, and we had a jolly night 
 of it. At half-past five in the morning all 
 but myself went after the remainder of the 
 meat. I packed up our traps, cut some 
 wood, and started a fire and got breakfast. 
 We had a fine trip in the birch to Free- 
 man's camp, where we left most of the meat 
 to be salted for winter use. Then we started 
 (amid many cheers from the loggers for our 
 present, and good wishes for future skill and 
 game) for Sargent's camp. We had more 
 wind, but reached there all right at four in 
 the afternoon We fixed camp, and had fine 
 moose-steaks for supper, which David knew 
 just how to cook, and I how to eat. It was 
 so juicy, — my mouth fairly waters now at 
 the thought ! Then we turned in for a well- 
 earned rest. At five o'clock next morning 
 we awoke. It was Sunday, September 9th, 
 a fine day, with the mercury at 65"^. David 
 went out home with the rest of the meat, 
 leaving me alone for a day and a half ; but 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 79 
 
 not alone, for I had all nature to com- 
 mune with and pleasant thoughts of home 
 and friends. But I was not to be left 
 even thus much alone, for three of Free- 
 man's men came to see me, thinking I was 
 lonely, and remained to dinner. We passed 
 the time pleasantly, and they left early in 
 the afternoon. I walked about a little while, 
 and then got supper and turned in. On 
 Monday, October loth, the thermometer 
 registered 40°, and there was some wind. 
 I got my breakfast, cut some wood, and 
 loafed until noon, finding myself somewhat 
 tired from the long tramp and the excitement 
 of the moose-shooting of the last few days. 
 For my dinner I made an omelet and fried 
 some pork and potatoes. I was pleased to 
 find myself quite successful and handy at 
 cooking. My journal of this date says : 
 " Sev^en p.:\[. No David yet ;■ think there 
 was too much wind. This camp is in a 
 beautiful spot, tall hemlocks all around it. 
 
80 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 with fine green tops ; quite a change from 
 the birch woods we were in at Irving Lake. 
 I feel how much every man degenerates 
 without frequent communion with nature. 
 The forest itself has a charm which grows 
 upon me. Selfishness, ambition, and care 
 have here no place, and a man is most truly 
 thrown upon his own resources to be alone 
 with nature. Reverence for and apprecia- 
 tion of the beautiful are elements which 
 enter into the character of every true angler; 
 but I must stop, for here comes David and 
 John Freeman, with three other men ; have 
 had a hard time to get here, — rain, wind ; 
 they were most exhausted, and very glad to 
 find warmth and shelter." 
 
 Tuesday was stormy. We fished some, 
 and got seven fine fish. Wc also hunted 
 ]-)artridges, but there was too much wind, 
 and we did not sec any. It still was cold 
 and stormy. 
 
 On Wednesday, the 12th, the thermome- 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. 8i 
 
 ter registered 32*^. Still it was a fine day 
 to go over all the lakes. We packed up 
 and started at eight a.m. Got to Jim Chal- 
 les' place, where we had dinner. We shot 
 four partridges and saw more, but the cover 
 was too thick to get them. We arrived at 
 David's home at five in the afternoon. 
 
 Early Thursday morning we started for 
 Annapolis. How hard it was to say good- 
 by for at least a year ! 
 
 Just here let me give David's recipe for 
 cooking a sirloin of venison, — a receipt not 
 to be despised. One must understand it to 
 succeed well. Two crotched sticks are set 
 up before the fire, and at the height of six 
 feet another is laid across them ; the meat 
 is suspended by a string to the crossbar, 
 close enough to the fire to roast, and is kept 
 constantly turning, so that all sides get an 
 equal amount of heat. It should be con- 
 stantly basted with the rich gravy that drops 
 from it while roastins:. 
 
82 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 A Day on Grand Lake Stream, 
 
 A party of two left Boston at eight 
 o'clock one Monday morning in June in the 
 steamer "New England," Captain Winches- 
 ter, for Calais. We had a fine trip to Portland, 
 where we stopped about an hour. Arriving 
 at Eastport, we left the steamer and took 
 the river boat called the "Queen," for Calais. 
 We reached Calais at three on Tuesday 
 afternoon and remained over-night. Ne.xt 
 morning we went by train to Lewy's Island, 
 — a ride of forty miles. There we found our 
 guide, one of the best, — an Indian of the 
 first class named Piel Tomah. (since this 
 trip I have had as guides his two sons, 
 of whom I shall speak later), and our cook, 
 with two canoes for us. We bought the 
 more bulky articles needed, such as pork, 
 potatoes, meat, and eggs, and embarked 
 upon the waters of Big Lake. This lake is 
 about twelve miles long, and we much en- 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 83 
 
 joyed paddling across in the light canoes. 
 We varied the pleasure by making a call 
 upon the Indian settlement on White Island, 
 where we found a church and some other 
 signs of civilization among the inhabitants. 
 Most of the women were engaged in basket- 
 making, and were very expert. We left or- 
 ders for some baskets to be ready when we 
 should return. The men were mostly busy in 
 the woods cutting knees for boats, for which 
 there is quite a demand. Those we saw at 
 home were building canoes, and afforded us 
 an opportunity of examining the process, 
 which is ingenious enough. We arrived at 
 the foot of Grand Lake Stream at three 
 o'clock, where we found a farm owned by a 
 Mr. Gould, whom we hired to carry our bag- 
 gage across the three-mile carry. The road 
 was very rough, but his horse seemed to 
 know every rock and stump, and at five 
 o'clock our baggage was on the ground near 
 the dam. We selected a good location for 
 
84 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 our tent, and soon had it pitched. Leaving 
 our guide to arrange matters, we put our rods 
 together and tried the fishing. We found 
 the insects very annoying, and were obliged 
 to use our veils and gloves ; thus protected 
 we soon raised a fine fish of the salmon 
 tribe. After several desperate plunges his 
 strength became exhausted and he was cap- 
 tured. The scales put him at three and one- 
 half pounds, — a very good beginning. This 
 fish resembles the salmon so closely that 
 most people call it the dwarf salmon. It sel- 
 dom weighs over four pounds, and averages 
 two pounds. We caught before dark some 
 ten or twelve fish, — none, however, so large 
 as the first one taken. The most successful 
 fly was a small salmon-fly, with mixed yellow 
 and red body. A fish cooked for supper 
 proved to be delicious. 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 85 
 
 Two Days at Skiff Lake. 
 
 With my friend I left Boston for Vance- 
 boro and McAdams Junction on the Eastern 
 road. We had a quick trip and a good one. 
 Our place for camping was an old hut left 
 by some long-gone loggers. We made our- 
 selves comfortable, having more company 
 than we had expected. On Monday, we went 
 on a tramp to Medea Lake. The water was 
 too low for fishing. On our way to Grass 
 Lake we passed through a pasture, where we 
 shot five partridges. We also shot six ducks, 
 one black and the rest red teal. They made 
 a fine dinner. On Tuesday we shot three 
 partridges, and caught thirteen pounds of 
 salmon and eleven pounds of trout. We 
 went to see if a bear-trap we had set was 
 sprung, and found a very large loup-cervier 
 caught by the foot. He was frantic with 
 rage. At first sight we thought it was a 
 large dog, but soon saw our mistake. J. 
 
86 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 fired his revolver and killed the animal by a 
 good shot in the head. We tied him up and 
 started home, to find that a trapper had 
 stolen our mink from the trap. We built 
 two new traps, and returning home skinned 
 our game, which was quite an interesting 
 operation. We made a stew of ducks, which 
 was the best yet. They were very fat, ten- 
 der, and delicious. Space forbids me to 
 speak of the fire, which so nearly consumed 
 our tent and the nether garments of my 
 companion. Fortunately, he was provided 
 with another pair. 
 
 Trip to Schoodie Lake — A Reminis- 
 cence OF the Summer of 1882. 
 
 Musquash Lake, one of the chain of 
 Schoodie Lakes, is situated in the town of 
 Waite, Washington County, Maine, and is 
 reached by cars from Boston 7'ia Eastern 
 and European roads, and by stage. One 
 warm evening in September, 1882, a small 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 8/ 
 
 party might have been seen wending its way 
 to the Eastern station, cii route for the 
 hunting-grounds of Maine. After bidding our 
 friends good-by at C , we left for Ban- 
 gor. As we entered the car great was our 
 surprise to find nearly all the occupants of 
 the sleeper were friends and acquaintances, 
 bound, as we soon learned, on pleasure ex- 
 cursions, either for fishing or gunning. With- 
 out further incident, beyond the usual dis- 
 comforts of a sleeper and of heavy clothing, 
 we arrived in Bangor. 
 
 The weather was not inspiring when we 
 left the car at five in the morning. It was 
 cold, dreary, and damp. We took a carriage 
 for the hotel, breakfasted, and left as soon 
 as possible, not forgetting to purchase on 
 the way a Bangor " umbrell," which ever 
 after proved a source of amusement to at 
 least two members of our party. At sevgn 
 A.M. we again started for the further East, 
 whither with mingled sunshine and rain, and 
 
88 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 accompanied by many of our friends of the 
 night before, we journeyed on until we 
 reached the Forest Station, not so named for 
 forest-trees, — as a place more void of natural 
 beauty or sentiment never existed. 
 
 Here our trouble began. As our expected 
 van for the baggage did not appear, our little 
 stage-driver, who seldom if ever gazed upon 
 so much baggage for one party, was entirely 
 at a loss what to do. Finally, deciding to 
 leave the larger portion, we mounted the 
 two-horse wagon, otherwise called stage, — 
 a party of six. The gentlemen of the party 
 did duty in holding on the trunks, while one 
 lady grasped all the bags in her reach. As 
 we mounted the steep hill the rack gave way. 
 Alas for pickles and trunks ! What would 
 then have become of us, had I not had the 
 never-failing string and wire to mend the 
 poor broken-down wagon. The baggage was 
 soon readjusted, and we all took seats as we 
 could find them, — a merry party, in spite of 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 89 
 
 mishaps. We arrived at Jackson Brook, and 
 went to the house of Mr. Dudley, who is a 
 good landlord, and tries in every way to 
 make it pleasant for his guests. There, too, 
 good guides can be procured. We found a 
 nice dinner, and did full justice to it ; after 
 which Mr. Dudley provided us with a com- 
 fortable wagon, two good horses, and a 
 talkative driver. We keenly enjoyed our 
 sixteen-mile drive- over a good but unfre- 
 quented road, through beautiful woods, with 
 here and there a farm-house, having a piece 
 of stove-funnel for a chimney. At Waite, 
 about six p.m., we ended our journey for 
 the night. We were warmly welcomed by 
 the host and his daughter. Warm fires were 
 kindled, and at once we began to feel at 
 home. Supper followed. " What delicious 
 milk!" was the cry, and all echoed it. 
 
 Having written home, we went to bed, 
 tired travellers, to dream of camp and woods. 
 But there was no sleep, for Pluvius reigned. 
 
go fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 Thunder, lightning, rain ! Was such thun- 
 der ever heard ? Wednesday morning found 
 us detained by a pouring rain-storm. We 
 were told "no woods to-day," and so it 
 proved ; but one gentleman, after arraying 
 himself in woods' attire, mounted the large 
 wagon, already filled with baggage and camp 
 supplies, for a five-mile drive, or rather 
 walk, through the woods. We bade him 
 a sorrowful good-by, as we, too, wanted to 
 see the beginning of camp-life. We watched 
 the clouds all day, but the rain still poured ; 
 but we passed the time very pleasantly with 
 work. Thursday morning, the clouds still 
 hung heavy, but at seven o'clock our char- 
 ioteer appeared for us, in spite of the fog. 
 With plenty of straw, and a few bags for bal- 
 last, we took our seats and made ready for 
 the worst ride we had ever taken. As our 
 host had told us, the road was nothing but 
 rocks and rocks, as any one who has been 
 over a logging road knows. The first mile 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 9I 
 
 through pastures was soon passed ; we en 
 tered the woods' road, and although it was 
 early morning the fog made it very dark. 
 Pen could not tell its roughness ; but 
 bruised bones and tired nerves were a 
 forcible language. Glad were we to see our 
 friends, and in canoes. They soon landed, 
 and were formally introduced to our Indian 
 friends (for so they proved to be). A nice 
 dinner in the open air was speedily got for 
 us, of which we were glad to partake. The 
 Indians soon built a fire in the cleft of a 
 rock, and made delicious coffee, which from 
 the tin dipper tasted like nectar. Also we 
 had corned beef, hard-bread, and a four-pound 
 salmon caught by trolling on the passage 
 down. After bidding our driver good-by, 
 we stepped into the canoes for our first ride. 
 How delightful we found them after our 
 hard ride in the cart ! It was like a cradle, 
 so quiet and so restful to our tired nerves. 
 After an hour's paddling we reached the 
 
92 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 head of the lake, which was to be our home 
 for a short time. 
 
 We had hardly reached camp when the 
 rain began to pour, but we were safely 
 housed, and so did not mind it. We found 
 our new quarters all ready, and nicely ar- 
 ranged for our comfort. This was a novel 
 experience, our first night in a woods' bed. 
 The hemlock boughs were nicely arranged, 
 fragrant and fresh, but not soft. We slept 
 well, and awoke refreshed. 
 
 Our cook was all that could be desired, 
 and during the weeks that followed he never 
 failed to give us the nicest the larder 
 afforded. Friday was spent in-doors, as the 
 rain fell in torrents, but the time passed 
 rapidly with work and reading. Occasion- 
 ally one of the guides would appear and give 
 us his views of the weather. So also passed 
 Saturday. Our gentlemen went out for 
 some fishing, but were glad to return to the 
 shelter of the tents. Sunday was spent in 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 93 
 
 letter-writing and reading, the rain still fall- 
 ing in such sheets that to go out was im- 
 possible. 
 
 In the evening we were astonished by 
 hearing low sounds of chanting ; and listen- 
 ing found our guards were chanting a mass, 
 they all being good Catholics. It was so 
 unexpected that we were completely sur- 
 prised as well as pleased. 
 
 On Monday the sky at last began to clear, 
 but the sun did not shine. J. and I took 
 our first walk a-round the beach, up into the 
 cove. We found the mink trap, and were 
 well pleased with our surroundings. L. 
 went for some fish, but not many were dis- 
 posed to bite that morning. On Monday 
 the dog started up a deer, and never came 
 back ; not liking his quarters, he ran home. 
 
 Tuesday L. and J. started for Pleasant 
 Lake, a long and tedious walk ; but they 
 accomplished their errand, after having 
 tramped twelve miles. They returned tired 
 
94 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 and hungry at nightfall. Wednesday the 
 hunter of Pleasant Lake appeared with two 
 fine dogs, and after breakfast we were away 
 for a hunt. About twelve o'clock a cry of 
 "deer! deer ! " came from our youngest, and 
 away we ran, soon to see our guide with a 
 nice deer in his canoe. 
 
 But where was L. ? There was question 
 after question till all had arrived. Soon the 
 deer was skinned, dressed, and ready for 
 eating ; and that the venison was enjoyed 
 was proved by the quantity that disappeared 
 with coffee accompaniment. Thursday L. 
 and Worster, the hunter, went to Oriole 
 Lake for fly-fishing. W^e passed our time 
 on the beautiful lake, quietly trolling for fish. 
 L. came back bringing with him a string of 
 speckled beauties, which Gabriel soon 
 brought us for our supper ; they were almost 
 too good to eat. On Friday, Worster and 
 L. started for another deer hunt ; and about 
 two hours after, to our great surprise, an- 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 95 
 
 other cry of "deer! deer!" came from the 
 lake. N. soon came for us ladies, and we were 
 glad to go into the canoe for a deer chase in 
 the lake. Our only thought was, "if L. were 
 only here." Our guide, who was always will- 
 ing to please us, left us with the beautiful 
 deer, paddled ashore, and then ran hatless 
 to the other lake, a mile or more distant. 
 He succeeded in finding L., who ran with 
 his gun over rocks and rills. How glad we 
 were to see him appear ! He was soon pad- 
 dled near us, when with one shot our deer 
 was killed. It was an exciting day, and 
 something was seen we . had never expected 
 to see. 
 
 To-day two persons from town appeared, 
 also three gentlemen who were camping at 
 the foot of the lake. We had a pleasant call, 
 and they were much pleased with our place 
 and quarters. Mr. \V. passed himself off as 
 Mr. C, much to our amusement later. 
 
 The next day we sent to Waite for salt 
 
96 FISH : THItIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 to cure skins and for letters, and we had 
 news from home. Saturday we took guides 
 and went to the old camp, where we spent 
 an hour looking at the log-camp and sur- 
 roundings. The weather was delightful. Soon 
 we left for home and dinner. After reading 
 and writing, J., L., and I started for a walk 
 through the woods back of the camp. Here 
 an owl attracted our attention. He was 
 soon brought down from his leafy perch, 
 and carried home as a trophy. That night 
 we had our great open-air fire lighted in 
 the open tent ; and a fine sight it was ! 
 Here, seated on the hemlock boughs, we 
 enjoyed a supper not soon to be forgotten. 
 Our guides served us some nice fried white- 
 fish just from the water, and hot tea. As we 
 had never tasted the fish before, and they are 
 delightfully fine, the enthusiasm of some 
 members of our party could hardly be de- 
 scribed. We sat fully enjoying everything 
 without reuard to time, but at last finding 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 97 
 
 that the small hours were approaching-, we 
 reluctantly retired to dream of fish, fires, 
 and Indians. 
 
 On Monday the wind blew great gales, 
 but we explored the woods by the camp, and 
 found it a delightful place. There were trout- 
 brooks in abundance, filled with the speckled 
 beauties. Here we strolled till Gabriel's 
 trumpet-like voice resounded through the 
 stillness. We had dinner, which always 
 brought together a merry party ; and what 
 a cook ! The ladies of the party had had 
 many fears of our guides, but their fear 
 soon became warm friendship. Gabriel To- 
 mah and Tomah Joe are some of the best 
 guides I have ever had. The former is the 
 Grand Sachem of the Passamaquoddy tribe of 
 Indians ; and Joe, who had represented his 
 people in the Augusta Legislature, was a 
 smart, intelligent man, ever ready and will- 
 ing to do all in his power for our comfort ; 
 while his assistant, Nouell, was indefatigable 
 
96 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 in getting the "old woman wood" for our 
 ladies, much to their amusement. The 
 home of the guides is Lewy's Island^ 
 where their occupation is canoe-building 
 and basket-making. Joe is an artist, as the 
 pictures of our party drawn on birch-bark 
 and presented to the ladies on our departure 
 can testify. 
 
 On Monday our guides proposed a trip to 
 Bear Mountain, and we assented. As we 
 looked across the lake at the rocky sides 
 rising so abruptly, Joe said no white woman 
 had ever been up there. Taking a guide in 
 each canoe, we soon were paddled across 
 the lake. The canoes were drawn up on 
 the bank, and we began the climb, and steep 
 and straight the precipice proved to be ; 
 but with two hours of hard work we reached 
 the summit, and were repaid a hundred times 
 for the labor. Such an extended view ! A 
 tree that obstructed a fine view of Grand 
 Lake was soon felled by Joe, who was ever 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 99 
 
 active. We remained, — never tired of the 
 beautiful scenery, varied by lakes, mountain, 
 and distant villages, — till word came that it 
 was time to start back ; but we did not start 
 till Joe, who had found a piece of burnt 
 wood, cut a slab trom a huge tree, and left 
 our pictures drawn upon it. Then, "Good- 
 by. Bear Mountain, — shall we ever ascend 
 your steep sides again ? " With a merry 
 cheer we took our downward way. 
 
 On Tuesday it was delightful weather. We 
 had a fine deer chase of two hours on the lake. 
 One of the ladies lost her hat, but that was 
 nothing. We killed our deer, a fine one, 
 weighing about three hundred and fifty 
 pounds. The guides soon got him ashore, 
 and dressed and skinned. Then the skins 
 were to be dried and stretched, which process 
 much interested the ladies, who had each 
 the promise of a skin for her home. We 
 need not tell of the delicious venison, 
 cooked in so many ways. Gabriel excelled 
 
lOO fish: their habits and haunts. 
 
 in his venison stews, and the quantity that 
 disappeared before our keen appetites is 
 ahnost beyond belief ; those of ray friends 
 who have spent any time in the woods need 
 not be told of this. 
 
 Wednesday we all went round the lakes, 
 each in his own canoe. We broke the 
 stillness by shouting to each other to wake 
 the echo, and a wonderful one it was. Echo 
 Lake in the White Mountains has not so 
 fine an echo. We spent our evening in 
 the light of a full harvest moon. J. would 
 call the echo, while the rest of us would 
 drift lazily with the wind and imagine 
 ourselves in Venice. What moonlight ! J. 
 was never tired of hearing the Indians sing 
 in their language, and of listening to the 
 echo. So passed our time, with no care or 
 thought of the morrow. We also stopped 
 for a short time at the deserted loggers' camp, 
 when, with our camera, we took some fine 
 pictures of place and friends. As for our 
 
FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. lOI 
 
 Indians, they were always ready to sit for 
 their pictures at any time. On our way 
 home we met our friend C, with his guide, 
 and it was very pleasant to exchange greet- 
 ing with one from the outside world, although 
 these same friends tried to escape us in 
 breaking camp. And then Friday, our last 
 day ! How short the time had seemed ; 
 was it possible that three weeks had passed .' 
 But all pleasant things must end, and at 
 length we broke camp, loading the three 
 ctnoes, which were lashed abreast, and filled 
 till they sank to their edges ; took the last 
 picture, — that of the departure ; bade good- 
 by to the woods, cove, and inlet, made one 
 last visit to the mink-trap and little cove, 
 and were gone. Shall we ever see old Mus- 
 quah again .? We say, " Oh, yes," and look 
 not behind us. 
 
 Traps. 
 For the benefit of those projecting camp- 
 ing parties are appended the following lists 
 
I02 FISH : THEIR HABITS AND HAUNTS. 
 
 of articles found convenient on excursions 
 I have made : — 
 
 TRIP FOR TWO PERSONS. 
 
 6 cans fishballs. 
 4 " tongue. 
 
 1 box salt. 
 
 ID lbs. sugar. 
 
 2 " soap. 
 2 " rice. 
 
 2 " raisins. 
 6 " cheese. 
 4 cans cocoa. 
 
 1 lb. tobacco (for guides), 
 i " pepper. 
 
 6 cans milk. 
 
 2 lbs. coffee. 
 
 2 " best English break- 
 fast tea. 
 
 4 cans corned beef, 
 lo " beans. 
 
 6 lbs. buckwheat. 
 ID " Hecker's flour. 
 I large liani. 
 8 lbs. breakfast ham. 
 25 " crackers. 
 
 5 " butter. 
 *3 doz. lemons. 
 
 4 boxes sardines. 
 12 doz. eggs. 
 
 ^ bushel potatoes. 
 
 Apples. 
 
 Liquors (for sickness). 
 
 Extract ginger. 
 
 CLOTHING NEEDED FOR 
 THE TRIP. 
 
 Coat. 
 
 Rubber coat. 
 
 Pants. 
 
 Short pants. 
 
 Cardigan shirt. ^ 
 
 Undershirt. 
 
 Woolen shirt. 
 
 Three pairs socks. 
 
 Tie. 
 
 Hat. 
 
 Slippers. 
 
 Handkerchiefs. 
 
 Towels. 
 
 Dish towels. 
 
 Needles and tliread. 
 
 6 bags (for provisions). 
 
 Oiled leggings. 
 
 Moccasins. 
 
 Knickerbockers. 
 
fish: their habits and haunts. 103 
 
 TRIP, 1882, FOR THREE PERSONS FOR THREE 
 WEEKS. 
 
 .3 guides. 
 
 18 cans cow milk. 
 
 2 cooked hams, very nice. 
 4 boxes potted tongue. 
 
 6 cans peaches. 
 6 " tomatoes. 
 6 green corn. 
 Ohves, pickles. 
 6 corned beef. 
 ^ doz. Iamb tongue. 
 
 3 lbs. sausage meat. 
 2 plum puddings. 
 
 2 cans clam chowder. 
 6 '' baked beans. 
 2 " condensed cofiFee. 
 30 lbs. hard-bread. 
 
 6 boxes sardines. 
 
 1 lb. pepper. 
 Box salt. 
 
 2 lbs. soap. 
 20 lbs. sugar. 
 Royal yeast powder. 
 
 6 lbs. coffee ; 4 lbs. tea. 
 25 " Hecker's flour. 
 
 2 new hams. 
 
 3 tongues. 
 
 10 lbs. of pork. 
 10 " lard. 
 
 3 doz. lemons, very essen- 
 tial. 
 ID lbs. butter; 6 dozen 
 
 EQUH\MENTS FOR TRIP TO MOOSEHEAD LAKE. 
 
 Tent large enough for six people, folded in canvas 
 bag. 
 
 Two blankets for each person. 
 
 Thick laced gaiter boots. 
 
 Slippers for camp ; sleeping hat. 
 
 Rubber pillow ; rubber bag ; rubber blankets. 
 
 Thick clothes ; and some thin clothes. 
 
 Landing-net made of oiled //>ien line, with large 
 meshes ; tin box, with lock, for eels ; two click reels, 
 and braided oiled-silk line enough to go on both reels 
 
I04 FISH : THEIR HABIT3 AND HAUNTS. 
 
 Fly-book, without flannel leaves, with pair scissors 
 inside. 
 
 One fly-rod weighing about eleven ounces. 
 
 One fly-rod weighing about sixteen ounces. 
 
 Spare tips ; spare rings ; tools for mending rods, 
 including small file, wax, etc. ; pincers ; black silk. 
 
 Flies — dozen and a half each, of black nackle, red 
 tail, scarlet ibis, with some white about them ; blue 
 jay, imported feathers ; golden pheasant, tinsel body ; 
 brown nackle. 
 
 If possible have half the above flies made large, — 
 the size of salmon flies. 
 
IN MEMORIAM. 
 
IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 It is with deep sorrow that I record the 
 death of Mr. Lorenzo Prouty, for many years 
 at the head of the fishing-tackle department 
 of the house of Bradford & Anthony, Boston. 
 For nearly a score of years had I known 
 him, and never in any other character than 
 as a courteous gentleman, a devoted angler, 
 and an honest man. 
 
 Amid the din of the busy town, at his 
 duty, it was my pleasant privilege to " drop 
 in " for a few moments and exchange words 
 with him about babbling brooks and secluded 
 lakes, and the fish thereof ; and to see him 
 no longer as of yore is another bitterness 
 added to life's fast increasing tally. His loss 
 will be deeply felt by all fishermen who were 
 wont to replenish their kit at his deft hands, 
 
I08 IN ME MORI AM, 
 
 and his sudden and sad "taking off" will be 
 deplored by all who knew him. 
 
 Here and now I am constrained to pay a 
 fond tribute of praise to an honest angler, 
 whose genial and kind face has been lately 
 hidden by the cerecloth of death, and whose 
 form has been lain away in the dust to await 
 the general resurrection at the last day. 
 How often in our j^iscatorial chat have I seen 
 his eye gleam with j^leasure and his face alit 
 with the love of the craft, of which he was 
 so thoroughly the master. 
 
 His was a type — and a right noble one — 
 of an honest angler's life and love ; and those 
 who knew and loved him the best miss him 
 and mourn him the most sincerely. Quiet, 
 gentle, unobtrusive, like many a pure stream 
 he was wont to love and cast his fly upon, 
 he passed from our sight so suddenly that 
 his loss cannot be fully realized. " Lord (to 
 us), keep his memory green, and may light 
 perpetual shine upon him ! " 
 
IN MEMORIAM. IO9 
 
 The memory of such is precious. Rcqiii- 
 escat in pace ! In this prayer I am sure 
 all brethren of the gentle art will join me. — 
 
 Forest and Stream. 
 
 To every angler throughout New England, 
 and even beyond its borders, the tidings of 
 the sudden death of Lorenzo Prouty will 
 come with a personal sense of bereavement. 
 His death is a loss to the constantly-increas- 
 ing ranks of gentlemen sportsmen. Next to 
 his own kith and kin, the brethren of the 
 "gentle art" will most seriously mourn his 
 entrance into rest, not grudgingly, for "after 
 life's fitful fever he sleeps well," but with an 
 individual and selfish regret that his inter- 
 course with them on earth is ended. In do- 
 mestic, social, and business life he was a 
 kindly, courteous, and honest man ; and the 
 rising of each day's sun shone on some new 
 friend, won to his side by the innate kind- 
 liness of his genial nature. He was a man 
 
no IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 and an angler after our beloved master Wal- 
 ton's own heart ; and he truly possessed and 
 practised many of the characteristics and vir- 
 tues of "good old Izaak Walton" of blessed 
 memory to all who "be quiet andgoa-angling." 
 
 Memory "harks back" through nearly a 
 score of years of acquaintance with this ac- 
 complished fisherman, and always with pleas- 
 ure ; and 'tis hard to realize that his deft 
 hand will no more cast the fly as an adept, 
 or his sound advice be given to the novice in 
 the craft which he so well loved and hon- 
 ored ! He will be missed in many a pleasant 
 camp, now sacred to his memory ; and with 
 trembling voice and uplifted hat will his 
 name be spoken by river and mere, on moor 
 and mountain. 
 
 Peace to thee, friend and angler ! Thy 
 memorials are in many hearts, and in the 
 fly-books and "kits" of thy angling friends 
 will be recalled the pleasant voice and smile. 
 
 — O. W. R., in Boston Transcript, Jan. 2. 1SS3. 
 
IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 An Angler's Rest. 
 
 IN MEMORIAM LORENZO PROUTY. 
 
 " After Lifcs fitful fever he sleeps welly 
 
 Sweet spring has come to the beck-side, 
 
 And to the mountain mere ; 
 Scattered her favors far and wide, 
 
 Attuned her voices clear; 
 But a void in all there seems : 
 
 As we wander, rod in hand, 
 We miss the ever-kindly gleams 
 
 Of his eye and grasp of hand. 
 
 A " quiet eye " and true he bore, — 
 
 Fair mirror of his heart ; 
 He loved the dappled meadows more 
 
 By far, than busy mart ; 
 And mountain pine and hemlock seem 
 
 To sigh, in sad refrain. 
 As they shade the babbling brooklet's gleam, 
 
 " He ne'er will come again ! " 
 
 The May-fly (o'er the silent " deep," 
 
 Whose semblance oft he cast) 
 Now tempts the lusty trout to leap 
 
 Till its brief life is past ; 
 
12 IN MEMOKIAM. 
 
 The gloaming comes, the camp-fire glows, 
 
 With ever-welcome grace, 
 But, from his new and long repose. 
 
 He comes not to his i^lace. 
 
 No huntsman's horn, no angler's glee. 
 
 Can rouse him from his sleep ; 
 But, in our stricken hearts, may we 
 
 His " memory green " aye keep ! 
 Afield or by the stream, he left 
 
 No " blaze " of shame or greed ; 
 A sportsman undefiled and deft, — 
 
 Our craft's Bayard, indeed ! 
 
 Time's silent stream on, ever on, 
 
 Unheeded by him flows ; 
 It bears us to the port he 's won, 
 
 Through "seasons" free and "close." 
 We sign the cross upon his grave, 
 
 With rod of true incline. 
 And, as we fish, on him we crave 
 
 Perpetual light may shine. 
 O. W. R., in Forest and Stream. 
 
 It will be sad news, indeed, to the many- 
 near and distant friends of Mr. I'routy, at the 
 
IN MEMORIAM. II3 
 
 beginning of the new year, to hear of his 
 decease, and sadder still when they learn 
 that the summons came suddenly, just as he 
 was about to embark in business with a friend 
 of years' standing, and with every prospect 
 of success. 
 
 Mr. Prouty had been in the employ of 
 Messrs. Bradford & Anthony, of this city, 
 for twenty-seven years, and was known far 
 and near by all lovers of the rod and gun as 
 a gentleman particularly adapted for the po- 
 sition which he occupied at the head of the 
 fishing-tackle department of the above house. 
 He was a true sportsman, a keen lover of 
 nature, a companionable friend, a tender 
 husband, a devoted father, and a man of the 
 strictest integrity. 
 
 It was expected, by his intimate friends, at 
 least, that he would have an interest in the 
 business of Messrs. Bradford & Anthony 
 after their retirement, he having done so 
 
114 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 much to build up that particular branch of 
 their business, for which he was by nature 
 and education so well qualified ; but it was 
 not to be, and during December he left 
 them to engage in a similar business with 
 his friend Mr. George B. Appleton, also long 
 and favorably known as being connected with 
 the same house. 
 
 No words of sympathy, however tenderly 
 expressed ; no words which we can utter, no 
 tears which we may shed, can restore to its 
 completeness that once so happy, now so 
 desolate home ; but to her who waits in 
 sadness may come to soften the asperity of 
 the blow the sad yet feeble consolation that 
 the departed loved one will be mourned in 
 many a household throughout our land. 
 Truly, — 
 
 " God moves in a mysterious way, 
 His wonders to perform." 
 
 — G. W. S., in Forest and Si ream. Jan., 1SS3. 
 
IN MEMORIAM, II5 
 
 One of our most beloved members of soci- 
 ety, a true-hearted fellow-man, a lover of all 
 nature as the great Designer made it — the 
 primeval forest and all that was placed 
 therein, and God's beautiful lakes and 
 streams, and their inhabitants, — in fact and 
 reality the type of a good man, and a true 
 sportsman, was Lorenzo Prouty. Few men 
 in the New England States were more 
 generally known and universally loved. — 
 
 M., in Forest and Stream. 
 
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 CUPPLE8, UPHAM & CO., PUBLISHERS, 
 
 BOSTON. 
 
TivcifiJi Editio?!. 
 
 CAPE COD FOLKS. 
 
 BY SALLY PRATT McLEAN. 
 
 Volume. 1 2m 0. 
 
 Price, $1.50. 12- Pages. Cloth, gilt. 
 
 "Those who take up this volume expecting a commonphice story with 
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 tears in tlie midst of laughter. One feels that the quaint characters described 
 here have tlK-ir counterparts, that it is real life upon the bleak Cape Cod of 
 which wc are reading. The warmest love flows out to Grandpa and 
 Grandma Spioer, wliosc horizon is bounded by the ocean upon which 
 Grandpa lias s]ient so many years of his life, and who are both so kindly 
 naturtd and full to tlie brim of goodness. lUnnv Cradlebow, the unlettered 
 youna: Ai«)llo, challensres our sympatliy from the first to the last, when he 
 loses'his life in trying to save that of hi's would-be rival." — To/ci/o Blade. 
 
 "There i.- real power in lier characterization. Real eloquence in her ac- 
 count of the uncultivated singing. . . Real pathos in the vague religious 
 opinions and intense religious sentiment of these simple, brave people." — 
 Boston Advertisfr. 
 
 " Her description of the provincial traits of this most provincial of all the 
 outlying New Enghind settlements, are admirable bits oi genre w Qx^mxor 
 shi'p." — Harper's xM<i§ 
 
 CUPPLES, UPHAM & CO., PUBLISHERS, 
 
 BOSTON. 
 
CAPE COD FOLKS. 
 
 a Xobd. 
 
 BY SALLY PRATT McLEAN. 
 
 Volume, \2iiio. ' ^,2-; Pages. Cloth, gilt. Priee, $i.^o. 
 
 CUPPLES, UPHAM & CO., Publishers, 
 BOSTON. 
 
 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS ON THE WRITINGS OF THE 
 
 NEW AMERICAN HUMORIST. 
 
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 incidents depicted in the book, that the observing reader finds it difficult to 
 persuade himself that he is not -reading- the autobiography of a vivacious 
 school-teacher in real life. The scenes and incidents of the novel are by 
 no means commonplace, however, and there is just enough of the improb- 
 able and impossible in the story to give it piquancy and thorough zest." — 
 Boston Post. 
 
 " We rather doubt the justice or policy of ranking the work as a novel, 
 for it is really a triumph of character sketching, with novulistic develop- 
 ments." — Boston Siiiidiiy Tiiiics. 
 
 " Every chapter is fresh and sparkling witli life and humor, and wc can- 
 not help but eulogize the author for her masterly hand and genius of storv- 
 telling." — A^. F. Star. 
 
 "Those who take up tliis volinne expecting a commonplace story with 
 which to wliile away a few hours, will find themselves most agreeabiy sur- 
 prised. It is full, from beginning to end, of the most delicious humor, 
 while through the whole runs a vein of pathos that touches and thrills to 
 tears in the midst of laughter. One feels that the quaint characters described 
 here have their counterparts, that it is real life upon the bleak Cape Cod of 
 which we are reading. The warmest love flows out to Grandpa and 
 Grandma Spicer, whose horizon is bounded by the ocean upon which 
 
Press l\olicis. 
 
 Grandpa has spent so many years of his life, and who are both so kindly 
 natured and full to the brim of goodness. Benny Cradlebow, the unlettered 
 young Apollo, challenges our sympathy from the first to the last, when he 
 loses his life in trying to save that of his would-be rival. 
 
 " The plot is nothing, and yet the reader is not aware of its absence. The 
 book is simply a picture of the events in a few months of the life of fc young 
 girl who was seized with the idea of doing missionary work, and goes to 
 Cape Cod as a teacher. It is as crisp as the air in that sea-bound place, and 
 as sparkling as its starry skies. That it is true to nature is evident from the 
 fact that its publishers have had a libel suit upon their hands on its account. 
 Buy and read it. You cannot fail to be entertained."— Toledo Blade. 
 
 " There is real power in her characterization. Real eloquence in her ac- 
 count of the uncultivated singing. . . Real pathos in the vague religious 
 opinions and intense religious sentiment of these simple, brave people." — 
 Boston Advertiser. 
 
 " Her description of the provincial traits of this most i)rovincial of all the 
 outlying New England settlements, are admirable bits oi genre \\ o\V.m<m- 
 ?^\\y." — Harper's Magazine. 
 
 "It is a rarely powerful and realistic picture of simple life." — Buffalo 
 Express. 
 
 "The author has given us a charmingly fresli and thoroughly recogniz- 
 able portraiture." —jV. Y. Traveller. 
 
 " It is a phenomenal work." — Portland Transcript. 
 
 " It is an insult to literature for well-read lawyers to treat this capital 
 novel as if it were a mere vulgar libel." — ^o.?/o« Transcript. 
 
 "That book has been the means of shaking literary Boston almost to 
 its very centre." — Quebec Chronicle. 
 
 " It is intensely amusing, and portr.iys. vividly and fiitlifully the daily life 
 of a peculiar people." — Golden Rule. 
 
 " It contains more and better character-writing than any book of its 
 kind we have seen for many a day." — Chicago Inter-Ocean. 
 
 "There are some delicious bits in ' Cape Cod Folks.' The literary style 
 is excellent, and the book is of a kind to please almost everybody." — ^Y. Y. 
 Herald. 
 
 " No man reads ' Cape Cod Folks ' with more delight than a genuine Cape 
 Codder. As I am one of that ilk, I am, of course, one of her admirers. 
 The bottom foct about her book is that it is true, and paints truth down to 
 its hidden roots, as the wont of genius is. This is the general verdict ot 
 those who ought to know. It is an American book, racy of the soil." — 
 Correspondence to Literary World. 
 
 "The touch of a new hand, at once original, intense, and dramatic, with 
 a vein of humor and a power of sarcasm warranting the belief that in this 
 work we have the beginning of a career and of a vv^mc" — Boston Herald. 
 
THE NEW NOVEL BT THE AUTHOR OF 
 ''CAPE COD FOLKS." 
 
 TOWHEAD; THE Story of a Girl 
 
 BY SALLY PRATT McLEAN, 
 
 AUTHOR OF "CAPE COD FOLKS." 
 
 / Volume. i2mo, cloth. Uniform zuitk ''Cape Cod Folks." 
 Price, Si. SO. 
 
 This is a story altogether American in plot and character. It combines 
 the same spirited and humorous style which characterized "Cape Cod 
 Folks," with that pathetic touch so peculiarly her own, which has made 
 Miss McLean such a plienomenon in the world of letters. 
 
 CUPPLES, UPHAM & CO., PUBLISHERS, 
 
 BOSTON. 
 
NICHOLS' 
 
 Popular Science News 
 
 AND 
 
 BOSTON JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY. 
 
 'E IRontljlg Journal at popular .Sctence. 
 
 CONDUCTED BY 
 
 Dr. JAS. R. NICHOLS and WM. J. ROLFE, A.M. 
 
 Esiablished in i&bs. Now hi its Seventeenth year. 
 One Dollar per Annum in advance. 
 
 The name Popular Sciexce News has been associated with the 
 Boston Journal of Chemistry, a paper long and favorably known in every 
 State of the Union. The design of this most successful and useful journal 
 has been to furnish in compact form, and at a loio price, the new facts in 
 science, mechanics, invention, art, agriculture, and medicine, which it is so 
 important should be widely disseminated among all reading people. 
 
 Its"success is due to the fact that it presents in plain language, which 
 all can understand, scientific discoveries and principles which are useful 
 to every one, no matter what may be their vocation or pursuit in life. 
 It is an indispensable 
 
 FAMILY JOURNAL, 
 
 which should be introduced to every fireside in the country. 
 
 Dr Nichols has edited this journal for a period of more than a sixth 
 of a century, and every number contains many pages of his instructive 
 and pleasant contributions. 
 
 Send One Dollar to Popular Science News Co., IGlHigli Street, 
 Boston. You will receive it promptly, and not regret tliiit you became 
 its patron. 
 
THE STORY OF IDA. 
 
 By FRANCESCA. 
 
 WITH A FINE PORTRAIT FRONTISPIECE, AND AN INTRODUCTION 
 
 BY JOHN RUSKIN. D.C.L. 
 
 vol. i6mo. Gray cloth and gilt. Price, 75 cts. 
 
 'pmS reprint of a little book which has been very popular in England is meet- 
 ing with a warm welcome throughout the country. Its popularity is due 
 mainly to the beauty of the story, although attention was called to it, in the 
 first place, by Mr. Ruskin in his lectures at Oxford, and in the preface to the 
 book. The pseudonym, "Francesca," is only a .slight change of the Christian 
 name of Miss Frances Alexander, a lady artist of Boston, now living in Florence. 
 The great merit of her paintings won her the friendship of Mr. Ruskin, at whose 
 urgent request "The Story of Ida" — written originally as a private memorial — 
 was published. In his preface Mr. Ruskin says : — 
 
 " Let it be noted with thankful reverence that this is the story of a Catholic 
 girl, written by a Protestant one, yet the two of them so united in the truth of 
 Christian faith, and in the joy of its love, that they are absolutely unconscious 
 of any difference in the forms or letter of their religion." 
 
 " ' The Story of Ida ' is a perfect gem of simple, unadorned narrative, and 
 the vohtme is a dainty little specimen of the bookmaker's art." — Buffalo 
 Express. 
 
 " The story is very touching." — Boston Advertiser. 
 
 " // is tender, loving, and deeply religions.'" — Worcester Spy. 
 
 " This exquisite little story, with its preface by John Kiiskin, depends for its 
 interest upon a certain religious simplicity and refinement of thought and 
 manners, which will commend it to those who like the works of Frances 
 Havergal and Hesba Stretton." — Boston Courier. 
 
 " The story is beautiful a7id touching iti its simplicity, purity, and pathos, and 
 is absolutely true in every particular" — Troy Times. 
 
 For sale by all booksellers, or mailed, postage paid, on receipt of the price, 
 by the publishers, 
 
 CUPPLES, UPHAM AND COMPANY, 
 
 283 Washington Street, Boston. 
 
The Deserted Ship ; a Story of the Atlantic. 
 
 By George Cupples, author of "The Green Hand." Hand- 
 somelj bound in cloth, gilt, extra. i2mo. Illustrated. $1.25. 
 
 " In these two absorbing sea stories — " The Deserted Ship," and " Driven to 
 Sea" — the peril and .adventure of a sailor's life are graphically described, its ameni- 
 ties and allurements being skillfully offset by pictures of its hardships and exposures, 
 and the virtues of endurance, fortitude, fideliiy, and courage are portrayed with 
 rough and ready, and highly attractive effusiveness."— //a r/i'r'j Magazine. 
 
 Fly Pishing in Maine Lakes ; or, Camp Life in the Wilderness. 
 
 By Maj. Charles W. Stevens, Commander of the Ancient 
 and Honorable Artillery Company, Boston. With colored 
 frontispiece of the best killing tlies, and rubricated title-page. 
 Square i2mo. Cloth. 201 pages. $1.25. 
 
 "It is written as naturally and unaffectedly as if told over the pipe, around the 
 evening fire, to a circle of brother sporismen."— Pittsburgh Telegraph. 
 
 ■' The book is really very liv \<f." — Cincinnati Commercial. 
 
 Hollo's Journey to Cambridge. 
 
 Illustrations and illuminated cover by Francis G. Attwood. 
 I vol. Quarto. 50 cents. 
 
 *^,* A satire upon Life at Harvard College in the form of a parody upon the 
 famous Rollo Story Books. Printed originally m the Harvard Lampoon, and later 
 compiled with the consent of the editors into a sqaure octavo in paper covers. The 
 cleverness of parody and satire and the familiarity of the subject have made this a 
 most decided hit. Already four editions have been exhausted, and the demand 
 promises to continue as long as Harvard College maintains its influence on surround- 
 ing social life, and humor continues to be an American characteristic. 
 
 Bicycle Tour in England and Wales. 
 
 By Capt. Sharpe and A. D. Chandler, President of tiie 
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Whence, What, Where? 
 
 A VIEW OF THE ORIGIN, NATURE, AND 
 DESTINY OF MAN 
 
 BY 
 JAMES R. NICHOLS, M.D., A.M. 
 
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