LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. Slieli'.En-F-i UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ^=-^l^^"&s ■9ij-^ -fetvj ii4_^-u. ^l J- t Rolling Great Iron Vien Trestle. Coke Ovens. Frambes Lumber Co. Mill. Fort Payne Furnace. Ice Factory. Fire Clay Works. Southern Pavement Co. Stove Works. Dustin-Hubbard M'f'g Co, Stand Pipe. BiRDSEYE View ok Fort Payne, Lookin Q Court House. ROM Lookout Mountain, August, 1890. ks. ght Station DeKalb Hotel. Coal i^ Iron Co, Opera Railroad Station. Building. House. Al.ib..in.t Uuilders' Hardware Co. Fort Payne Academy. FCRT PAg/NE, ALABAMA, ILLUSTKATEB. February, 1889 — August, 1890. PUBLISHED Bg THE Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company, CAPITAL, $5,000,000. ' ^It is the intention of tlic stockholders and officers of The Fort^Payne Coal and Iron Company to build a manufacturing dty in the Wills I 'alley at Fort Payne, and if the results obtained in other localities, many of them with far less advan- tages, call be taken as a criterion, the accomplishme?it of the object can readily be attained. The Company has laid the foundations broad, and surrounded the enterprise with men whose financial skill and judgment are a guarantee that the inexhaustible resources of this fine property will be carefully and fully developed, and, as a natural result of such developme7it, a city will rise in its midst." — [Prospectus, January, 1889. FOR TIIK KUl^FIIwMKNT OF THK PROMISKS QUOTKD ABOVK, THK READER IS REFERRED TO THE FOLI.OWING PAGES. 7 JOURNAL PRINTING HOUSE, ELIZABETH, N. J. NOV po loqp ■ OFFICERS. Pirsidciil COL. J. W. vSPAULDING. First ]-ur-Pirs!dai/, . . HON. D. H. GOODELL. Seco>id ]-ia-Prcsidcnf, . HON. HENRY B. PEIRCE. Manager, .... HON. C. O. GODFREY. Treasurer F. H. TOBEY, Fort Payne, Alabama. Secrelarv HENRY T. POPE, Fort Payne, Alabama. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. W. p. Rice, Fort Payne, President Union Investment Co., Kansas City. Hon. D. H. Goodell, Governor of New Hampshire, Antrim, N. H. Hon. Hknry B. Peirce, Secretary of State of Massachn.'-etts, Abington, Massachu.setts. Gen. Selden Connor, ex-Governor of Maine, Pre.sident of Northern Banking Company, Portland, Maine. Col. J. W. vSpaulding, Fort Payne, Alabama. Hon. F. G. Jillson, Vice-President and Treasurer of Rhode Island Mortgage and Trust Co., Providence, Rhode Island. Horatio Adams, Kingston, Massachusetts. Dr. J. M. Ford, Kansas City, Missouri. C. O. Godfrey, ex-Mayor of Fort Payne, Alabama. GKNERAI. OFFICES: HR-VNCH OFIICKS: FORT PAYNE, AI.A15AM.V. 15 STATK STRKKT. m>STON. MASS. 40:! PKO\'n>ENT H'EirG, PHll.A.. 1*A. f =>-^.\ The Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company. HE Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company was organized in the fall of :S88, and after making a close examination of min- eral lands in Alabama, purchased thirty-two thousand acres of land in the vicinity of Fort Payne, DeKalb County. The site of the city in January, 1889, was a little village on the Alabama Great Southern Railroad, fifty-one miles south from Chattanooga, Tenn., and ninety-one miles north from Birmingham. At a meeting held in Birmingham in No- vember, 1888, the or- ganization was com- pleted, officers and directors elected, and the capital of the company fixed at five million dollars. Four million dollars o f the stock was after- wards offered to the public, mainly in the New England states, and was taken in one month. Ten thousand shares were reserved as treasury stock, and was offered to the original stockholders a few months ago ; it was readily taken by them and their friends. On the fourth of February, i88g, the pioneers of the new city arrived in the town, and began the foundations of a community that has grown with such rapidity and solidity that it astonishes even its most sanguine advocates. The work of surveying, grading and building has gone on steadily until now — about eighteen mouths since it began — a model city stands on the cotton fields in the Wills Valley. The camera of the photographer, which always tells the truth, exhibits in the pages of this book the results of the untiring energy and sleepless care of the projectors and directors of this enterprise. The city, however, changes daily, and by the time this book reaches its readers many new fea- tures not portrayed will be fixtures in Fort Paj'ne. Those who first vis- ited this valley were charmed with its Ijeauty and were loud in its praises, and a closer acquaintance has proved that the city and surrounding country reveals new beauties of scenery ever)' time they are visited. The mountain ranges — Lookout on the east and Sand Mountain on the west — are delightful, winter and summer ; they abound in romantic scenery, rocky glens and tumbling water. Within twenty miles there are vmtrodden forests and dense jungles where wild beasts and game abound. The location, from Soo to 1200 FORT PAYNE, ALABAMA, IDLUSTRATED. feet above tide water, tempers the sun's heat even on the hottest days, and the nights are cool and restful. The water that supplies the city is drawn from springs fed by the streams that flow from the heart of the mountain. The men who control Fort Payne are mainh- from New Eng- land. Many of the most ener- getic citizens, however, are either natives of the county or young men from various southern cities. The greatest care has been taken in the de- scription in this book of the min- eral resources of the Company, to show exactly what have been developed by the experts and engineers em- ployed. The re- sults of the work for the past eigh- teen mouths are detailed b}' them in the articles on iron and coal, etc. Much yet remains to be done to fully develop the great deposits of coal and iron, but what has been accom- plished has been done thoroughly and with a view to the future. Selections have been made of various scenes and buildings to give an idea of the progress of the works of the Coal and Iron Com- pany, but it would be impossible in the limits of this work to por- trav all that could be shown. Maink Stiikkt. The mining and manufacture of iron being one of the chief industries of Fort Payne, the Coal and Iron Company have made extra efforts to encourage the establishment of iron-working plants, and in a short time the raw material will be introduced at the southern end of the city at the furnaces, and from thence pass to the .\labama Hardware Man- ufacturing Com- pany and other factories at the northern part of the city, and be put on the mark- et as finished goods. (~) n e of the principal plants built by the com- pany is the Fire Brick and Tile works. It is one of the largest and best a p - ])ointed works i 11 the United Slates, and now manufactures fire brick and tiles, drain aud sewer pipe, aud terra cotta work. It is now pushed to the fullest capacity, aud will be enlarged shortly in order to meet demands for its wares, both in Fort Payne and elsewhere. A complete stove works, making nearlj- loo patterns of stoves and varieties of hollow ware, has already become crowded for room, and must immediately increase its capacity in order to sup- ply stoves, etc., ordered from various parts of the South and West. The plant belongs to the Company. THK FORT PAYNE COAL AND IRON COMPANY, Genekal Offices Fort Pavne Coal and Iron Company. FORT PATNE, ALABAMA, rLLIISTRATED. The elaborate system of water works which supplies water to the city has now nine miles of mains and fifty fire-plugs in the corporation limits, and furnishes pure, sparkling water, of which the following analysis was made by Prof LefFnian, of Philadelphia, April 29th, 1S90 : 715 \\'alnlt St., PHlLADEtrHIA, Apr. 29, 1890. Dear Sir : The following are the results of the an- alysis of the sample of water sent by you. The figures are in grains to the U. S. gallon : Total Solids. . 7.54 Chlorine, . . .26 SO in Sulphates, .15 Calcium, . . 2,6g Magnesium, . .11 Nitrogen in Ni- trites, . . . NONE Nitrogen in Ni- trates, . . .04 Nitrogen in Am- monium, . NONE Nitrogen by Per- manganate, .0043 The above results indicated water of high organic pur- ity. The total solids consist almost entirely of calcium carbonate. The quantity of this is calculated from the calcium amounting to 6.5 grains per U. S, gallon. The water is quite suitable for all manufacturing purposes. It is an excellent drinking water. HENRY LEFFMAN. An electric light plant furnishes arc lights for street purposes and incandescent lights for stores, public buildings and dwelliugs, and is the property of the parent company. The DeKalb Hotel, erected bj' the Company in 1889, upon an entire square in the centre of the city, at a large cost, is mod- ern and complete in all its appointments, and ranks among the best hotels in the Union. It has been patronized by thousands and has merited the warm encomiums passed upon it by guests from home and abroad. It has made the stay of visitors from the North to Fort Payne pleasant and agreeable, and is a favorite resort of the entire country within 100 miles, on accoimt of its cuisiue and admirable management. Early in the formation of the city an exhibit hall was built by the managers in which to show the various ores, coals, timbers, clays, etc., to be found on the property of the Company-. This hall has become entire- ly inadequate to contain the various speci- mens, etc., and a new and elegant building in which to display not only ores, but all manufactures of iron, wood, clay, etc., pro- duced in the city, will be built opposite the new railway station. One of the natural curiosities of Fort Payne is its Man- itou cave, a won- derful . formation in the limestone rocks in the side of Lookout moun- tain. It was prob- alih' oue of the natural fortresses of the Cherokee Indians, and from its rocks the Con- federate govern- ment made salt- petre. It abounds in beautiful for- mations, subter- ranean rivers and cascades. A sur- vey has been made for several miles b}' the company, bridges, stairs and railings built, and guides provided. When lighted, as it often is, by thousands of caudles, it presents a sight never to be forgotten. Electric lights will be introduced and new wonders will doubtless be revealed. Around the entrance of the cave a beauti- ful park has been laid out, and it is a place of resort by visitors. THE FORT PAYNE COAL^AND IRON COMPANT. Fort Payne Fire Clay Works. Each of the squares on this map represents a section, one mile squ.ire. ^ov eminent survey. The shaded portions represent the property of the Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company. p IRON ORES, MIXES, ECKXACES, STEEE. WKST of the City of Fort Payne, running parallel to the Lookout and Sand Mountain ranges, is a series of ridges from two hundred and fifty to three hundred feet in height, and well covered with forest trees. The ridge nearest the city, and upon whose slope Fort Payne is being built, is called Iron Mountain, from the great quantity of iron ore contained in it. The above-named ridges extend the whole length of the Wills Valley, being a section of a similar mineral belt extending from Birmingham on the south to Chattanooga, Tenn., on the north, and are practically one mass of iron ore, compri>ing the main ore deposit owned by the Company. The seams of the richest ore vary from three to thirty-two feet in thickness, and lie in parallel strata separated by beds of sand- stone and the clayey soil, which is red in color owing to the presence of a large per cent, of oxide of iron, caused by the in- filtration of water from the ore. An analysis of some of this soil has given as high as eleven per cent, of metallic iron. The iron mines now being developed are located in Iron Moun- tain, west of the Fort Payne Furnace Company's plant, and east of the Bay State Furnace Company. On the east slope at a dis- tance of about So3 feet from the Fort Pavue Furnace Stock House TKKSTi.r fkmm IIkown CiKii Mine is opened and now operated the Brosvn Ore or Limonite mine. This has been fully developed by stripping and by drift into the face of the ore, and is known to extend in a southerly direction 1,500 feet before it goes beneath the surface. It also extends northerly to Mill Gap with a thickness at the drift of twenty-four feet of good ore. The indications show very plainly that this thickness will be inci eased from five to ten feet as it runs under the hill. A large body of this ore, enough to run the furnaces for years, can be used without wash- ing. An analysis of the un- washed ore shows : Silica 20.02 per cent. Metallic Iron, . 47.09 " Phosphorus, . 0.2S " This analysis represents the "run of mine" as it will be deliv- ered to the furnace stock house. An incline is built by which the ore can be run directly into the stock house of the Fort Payne furnace, or loaded at the Fort Payne and Eastern Railroad on cars for market. As now devel- oped the mine will have a capac- ity of 200 tons per day. On the west side of Iron Mountain the red hematite ore has been fully developed to show five distinct veins of iron ore, vary- ing in thickness at the outcrop from three to fourteen feet. The three foot veins of ore increase in thickness as the drift extends into the mountain, some of them now showing a thickness of 10 FORT PAYNE, ALABAMA, ILLUSTBATEU. seven feet. These veins lie above one another in a distance of 200 feet from the highest to the lowest, and are divided by sand- stone and clay ranging from twenty-five to fifty feet in thickness. The red hematite belongs geologically tc the fossil iron ore, which is so called from the fact that the iron oxide appears in the shape of complete or fragmentary shells of marine animals, partly bivalves, partly snails, partly sea lilies or crinoids. An analysis of a sample of this ore obtained by boring through the thickness of the different veins shows : Silica, 4. 1 1 per cent. ; metallic iron, 25.39 per cent. ; caustic lime, 30.13 per cent. ; phospho- rus, 0.336 per cent. This ore, al- though low in iron, is really a valuable ore for the furnace, the high per cent, of caustic lime making it desirable for a flux for the soft hematite and limonite ores, thus reducing the amount of limestone to be added to the mixture in the furnace. At the outcrop of the red hematite ores, where it has been ex- posed to the elements, it is known as the soft red ore, and when freshly mined can be easily cut with a carpenter's saw. This ore can be readily mined by stripping, and is of such good quality that it is economy to strip a foot of surface for every inch thick- Gi-EN Avenue Mine. ness of ore, unless hard rock is encountered. An analysis of a sample of the soft red hematite ore, an average of all the vein as it will be delivered to the furnaces, shows : Silica, 10.37 per cent.; metallic iron, 55.34 per cent. ; phosphorus, 0.46 per cent. ; caustic lime, 1.07 per cent. All of the ores on the east of Iron Mountain, including the red hematite veins and the soft ore, will be loaded into mine cars by chutes, thence run l)y gravity to the loading ter- minal of an in- cline, which will convey it to a discharging sta- tion on the line of the railroad. It will then be weighed and conveyed to its destination. The machinery of the different inclines will work auto- matically, the loaded cars in their descent pulling up the empties. -As now planned the ore can be got out in a most economical manner, and can be taken from the mine and loaded on the cars without rehandling. The present capacity of the red ore mines is about 300 tons per day. The cost of getting out either the red or brown ore, when the mines are in working condition, will be 75 cents per ton. From the Mill gap, extending north from one and a half to two miles above the city, the same veins of brown aud red ore have been traced and their quantity and quality fully developed. . v-%fc. i"^^; ■^••'^ IKON. 11 i'uK-i r'A\,NK Furnace 13 FORT PAYNE, AI.ABAMA, ILXilTSTRATED. The brown ore is found in larger quantities and same quality as that now worked, and the red ores, both hard and soft, are shown in their proper position, well defined and known to be the same as that which is now being mined About 30,000 tons of the soft and hard ore have been expos- ed by stripping directly west of the centre of the city on Iron Mountain. It is proposed in the near future to open these mines with a view of supplying the market from Bir- mingham on the south to Chatta- nooga on the north. From the mines the ore will be conveyed to the top of the ridge,and thence down to a spur of the A. G. S. railroad by an endless wire rope haulage system, by which the ore will be loaded into iron buckets, passing over the mountain to a terminal discharging station at the railroad, and automatically weighed into the cars. This plant will have a capacity of 1,000 tons a day. Besides the above mentioned fields, large bodies of iron ore have been located on the Sand Mountain range, iucludiug a man- ganese ore or pyrolusite. This ore has been analysized by Prof. Brainerd, of Birmingham, and shown to have 54 per cent, of man- ganese, a very rich ore, which could be shipped to Pennsylvania, or better still, could be smelted in the form of spiegeleisen or ferro-manganese This ore in the future is destin- ed to be a source of large income to the Company. Deposits of red and brown ore have been also located on Look- out range, but being found in such abundance on Iron Moun- tain, they have not yet been giv- en much atten- tion by the min- ing engineer. The articles on coal and iron have been pre- pared by Col. J. H. Mullin, min- ing engineer. KT Payne Stove Works. Manufacture of Iron. Iron ores as they come from the miners' cars consist of differ- ent forms of oxide of iron, {metallic iron combined with different portions of oxygen), and also foreign matter, silica (in the form of sand and clay), phosphorus, sulphur, etc. Much of the clay and sand is removed from the ore by washing, but a certain portion IRON. 13 passes through the furnace and is finally removed by the action of heat and the different gases resulting from the combustion of the fuel and limestone. The operation of reducing the iron ores to metallic iron in the blast furnace is strictly a chemical one, a chemist's assay carried on on a grand scale, using masses of ore and flux measured by the hundred pounds instead of a few grams. The operation, however, is one of accuracy, nothing being left to chance, but following the chemist's analysis the proportion of every part of the material put into the furnace (the " burden ") is calculated, the proper amount of air necessarj- to produce the required amount of heat is known ; therefore, with a well designed furnace, managed by a skillful founder and using good ores, it is easy to produce any grade of iron required by the market. The blast furnace having been properlj- " dried out, " or freed from all moisture contained in the brick work, is filled up inside with fuel. A short scaffold of lumber is first built, cord wood then piled in "on end " until it reaches nearly to the "bosh " ; coke is then added and fire applied to the bottom. After the whole mass is well lighted, light charges of ore, coke and lime- stone are added, sometimes furnace cinder is used, and after six or eight hours the blast is gently " turned on " and the gas passes through the down-comer and gas flues to the boilers and stoves, furnishing heat for steam and hot blast. In the meantime the proper charge of ore, coke and limestone have been put in the furnace until it is filled within, say, twelve feet of the top. The action of the gases and the combustion of the fuel and the reduction of the limestone to caustic lime, have removed the oxygen from the oxides of iron, converting it to metallic iron. The carbon from the fuel and the silica from the ore have furnished the required amount of carbon and silicon; the result is cast-iron. The interior of the blast furnace has been divided into three zones. Commencing at the top is the zone of preparation, from thence to about half way from the bosh to tuyeres is called the zone of reduction, and thence to a point just above the tuyeres is the zone of fusion. In about two hours after charging into the furnace the ore commences to lose its oxygen at not quite red heat. The first signs of metallic iron are seen in about six hours, when the mass is red hot. In half an hour more than fifty per cent, of the oxygen is removed at a temperature suflicieut to soften wrought iron, and a complete reduction will occur in about nine hours, when the mass of metal is ready to pass into the crucible of the furnace. From the top of the furnace down to the tuyere the walls slightly widen, to allow the contents to pass downward as rapidly as possible, but from the bosh the walls approach each other, forming a funnel-shaped shaft, which compresses the mass of melted ore aud limestone, forming an arch above the tuyeres, and the great weight of material above presses this together, and, like a huge sponge, the contents are " squeezed " out and drop, a fiery rain of molten iron and cinder, to the bottom. The slag, or cin- der, being lighter, floats on top of the iron, and protects it from the oxidizing influence of the heated air. This continued rain of iron and cinder gradualh' fills the cruci- ble of the furnace, and as fast as cinder reaches a certain height, the cinder notch is opened and the slag is blown out. This is done as often as necessary, and when the melted iron has accumu- lated in sufficient quantity the iron notch is tapped and the iron is run out and cast iuto pi.gs. The process of filling a blast fur- nace is continuous throughout the twenty-four hours. A cast is made from three to four times in twentv-four hours. The Fort Payne Furnace Company. The Fort Payne Furnace Company was organized on the 27th of April, 1889, with a capital of f2oo,ooo. The directors are : W. P. Rice, J. M. Ford, J. W. Spaulding, C. O. Godfrey, S. C. Hatha- way, H. B. Peirce aud H. B. Hill. J. M. Ford is president; C. O. Godfrey, vicc-preiudent ; S. C. Hathaway Jr., secretary and treas- urer, and John H. MuUin, superintendent, (iround was broken for the construction of the foundations May 24, 18S9. The foun- dations were put in by h'red. Wagner. The iron work, including pumps and engines, by Alex. K. Rarig & Co., of Columbus, O., and all the brick work by John McGarry & Co. This furnace is located on Gault avenue, one mile south of the DeKalb hotel, on the main line of the Fort Payne and Eastern railroad. The property consists of ten acres of land and is a very desirable site. The stack is 65 by 14 feet, which is small compar- ed to most southern furnaces, but was selected by the superin- 14 FORT PAYNE, ALABAMA, IliLUSTRATED. Fort Payne Rolling Mill. tendent because it is better adapted to the ores of the district than larger sizes. The nominal daily capacity is 75 tons. The blast is heated by three Siemens-Cowper fire brick stoves, each 65 by 16 feet. The cast house is brick, no by 45 feet, with corrugated iron roof. The stock house is frame, iron roof and sides, T50 b\- 75 feet, with two tracks fifteen feet high. An iron hoist lower, with a Craue vertical hoist, takes the stock to the tunnel head. The engine house is brick, 55 by 35 feet. It has two blast engines, each 72 by 48 by 36 steam cylinder. The steam is supplied by eight boilers, each 52 inches by 28 feet, with two 18-inch flues. The draft stack is iron, 170 feet high, and 8 feet 6 inches in diame- ter in the clear. There are two Gordon supply pumps, 15 by iS inches, and two boiler feed pumps, 9 by 16 inches. An 8 inch artesian well supplies pure water to the boilers and furnace. IRON. 15 This furnace is very eligibly located for its supply of raw materials, and the owners believe that pig iron can be made in it at a less cost than at any other locality. The Bay State Furnace Company. The Bay State Furnace Company was organized ou April 19th, 1890, with a cap- ital of 1250,000. The directors are C O. God- frey, H. B. Hill, J. W. Spaulding, A. W. Train and S. Reed Allen, all of Fort Payne; Adna Brown, Spring- field, Vt. ; A. E. Hemphill, Holy- oke, Mass. ; J. L. H. Cobb.Lew- iston, Me., and R. P. Kingman, Brockton, Mass. The officers are President, C. O. Godfrey ; vice- president and general mana- ger, H. B. Hill ; treasurer, H. B. Hill ; secretary. True P. Pierce. Ground was broken for the con- struction of the fouudatiou April 27, 1890, and the contract award- ed to John McGairj' & Co. The iron work was contracted for by Messrs. Alex. K. Rarig & Co., of Columbus, Ohio, builders of the Fort Payne furnace. The I5a)' State furnace is located 3,500 feet west of the Fort Payne furnace, on Little Wills creek, and near the Glen Avenue boulevard. The property consists of fifteen acres of land, and is very desirably located on account of water, and for i,L k 1 K 1^^ %1 pmmmi^ H L ^j ^ ^^Hl |iHHH|| 1 ^^Hpf .^r ^^^^T -jJr 1 B^BBteg^^^^^ ? ^ 1 'iMirr „«,»^ „^_- 1 1 ^^^^ i i .",■/•*.'"_ .'/■ ■. ■■ -_ A riENERAi. View of Iron Mountain -Looking East from GAKKFnr Farm. dumping cinder slag. This land gives ample room for two more furnaces when desired, and the reservoir, constructed at a slight cost, is a great point in favor of this location, water for furnace purposes in some cities costing from $4,000 to $5,000 per year. The reservoir is a natural formation, which if dammed slightly at one end. would contain three to four millions of gallons of water, and is only 100 feet from the furnace. Ly- ing close to the foot of Iron Mountain, ore can be put into the stock house by chutes from the great vein ; ore, coke and limestone being delivered to either furnace at the same price. The Company have erected a large boarding house and sufTic- i e n t dwellings to accommodate their employees. The furnace lies ou the line of the Fort Payne and Eastern railroad, between the Sand Mountain coal fields and Iron Mountain, and has a full and complete system of tracks. The capacity of it will be about 75 tons per day. The maps of the Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company's property and the city of Fort Payne were prepared from official sources by Messrs. Christensen and Blanchard, civil engineers, and the rail- road map was made by W. T. Carley and J. W. Bailey, railroad engineers, all of the Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company. 1« TORT PAYNE, ALABAMA, ILLUSTRATED. Steel. The business of the Fort Payne Rolling Mill is the manufacture of soft steel from the pig iron, smelted in the furnaces at Fort Payne. This pig iron, as it is well known, contains from three- quarters to one and one-quarter per cent, of phosphorus, which it is necessary to remove from the metal in order to obtain from the steel converting furnaces a merchantable article. This result is obtained by melting the pig iron in an open hearth regenerative furnace, substantially the same as is used in all the different countries of the world where steel is manufactured. The process for removing the phosphorus from the metal consists simply in lining the melting chamber of the furnace with magnesia, and the use of raw limestone to absorb the phosphorus. This material is imported from Europe in two forms — one of which is a brick, which is made under heavy pressure after the magnesia has been calcined, and the other is in a loose state as it comes from the calcining furuaces. The bricks are used to form the melting chamber, and the loose material to repair the cham- ber from time to time. This material has been in use in Europe since 1858, and is now extensively used in the United States ; furnaces lined with this material often running a year without repair. It is now an established fact that soft steel, or ingot iron, manufactured by this process is the softest and most ductile steel now offered in the markets of the world. Tests of this steel have been made, showing a tensile strength, reduction of area and elastic limit fully up to the United States government require- ments, viz. : Tensile strength, 58,000 pounds ; elongation 34 per cent ; reduction of area, 54 per cent. This steel was made from a low grade of mottled iron purchased from different furnaces in Alabama. The analysis of this steel averages : Carbon, .07 ; phosphorus, .02, showing the phosphorus to be practically elini- inated from the metal. The Fort Payne Rolling Mill will soon be ready to supply in any quantity, steel of above quality, to manufacturers requiring the best grades. The plant consists of two 15-ton open hearth furnaces, one 32-inch, two high reversible blooming mills, one 22-inch nail plate train, capable of rolling plates 15 inch wide, down to No. 21 guage ; one i6inch bar mill, and one ginch guide mill. The plant is so arranged that the pig iron can be converted into steel, and carried through the rolls and made into merchantable bars and plates without loss of heat. In conjunction with the mill the company have arranged to put into operation a number of self-feeding uail machines, by which they will work up into nails a great portion of material which, by its size, would have to be remelted. The establishment of this mill has resulted in the location of a number of iron-working plants in Fort Payne, and all kinds of stamped iron, wire goods, hardware, steel rails, etc., can be made from its productions. The officers of this company are C. O. Godfre}-, president ; A. W. Train, vice-president and general manager ; H. R. Godfrey, secretary and treasurer ; all of P'ort Pavne. Limestone. Limestone is found in abundance on the Lookout range of mountains in two stratas, locally known as the upper and lower limestone veins. They are both shown on the face of the moun- tain. The upper limestone strata is from 75 to 100 feet thick, extending from Beeson's Gap to several miles below the city ; and the lower strata crops out at the foot of the mountain and extends north beyond the limits of the town. These limestones are of excellent quality, suitable for furnace flux, easily quarried, and can be delivered at the furnace stock house at thirty-five cents per ton. On the east side of Red Ridge or Iron Mountain, closely connected with the red ores, limestone appears in abundance and excellent quality. It can be easily quarried and is sufficient in quantity to supply all the furnaces which will be built here for many years to come. (^_ COAL 3 MINES, COKE AND OVENS. 1 HE coke which is used for fuel to convert the ores into pig iron is made from a seam of coking coal locall}' known as the Castle Rock Seam. It is opened on Lookout Mountain J and shows a thickness of thirty to sixty inches. The Look- out mine, opened during the past year by driving entries, is well ventilated, has good drainage and dry roadways ; and the coke ovens, in full operation, will have a capacity of 2co tons a day, which may be increas- ed at pleasure. At the Lookout mine, which is situated on the Fort Payne and Eastern R a i 1- road, a village has been built with houses for operatives. A school house, church, store and post office have been estab- lished, and a tele- phone connects the store with the Company's Genek.m. View of Sand office in the city. On Sand Mountain this same seam of coal has been opened in six different places, showing the same quality, from 30 to 44 inches in thickness. An area of about fifteen square miles of coal can be reached on Sand Mountain, extending from the bluff east to Town creek, and it is proposed in the near future to open these fields by a shaft or shafts, and establish a large coke plant of 1,000 ovens and a mining center. The locality, topography and mineral resources of this mountain seem to warrant the belief that here we have a second Connellsville. On Lookout a large area of unbroken coal field can be worked from the present openings. Adjoining this tract is another sec- tion of unbroken coal, as shown by prospecting with the diamond drill in several places. This field can be mined ad- vantageously by shafts located near the line of the Fort Payne and Eastern Railroad, at a point most favor- ably situated for a mining town and a coking plant. North of this point to Bee- sou's Gap, is a continuous field of coking coal, which is cut out at the ravine making the gap. Crossing this the coal opens the same in quality, but thickening up to about five feet. A second seam of coal lying above this is here distinctly defined MOI'NT ATN- :iNG West. 18 FORT PAYNE, ALABAMA, ILLUSTRATED. ^s^"!?* 2"' showing from 24 to 37 inches. This same seam has been opened opposite the city (Edgemout mine), and shows 37 inches, nnder- ly iug a bed of iire-clay eight feet in thickness. This coal and clay are advantageously situated for mining in an economical manner, the output being conveyed by an incline to the Fort Payne and Eastern railroad, about 1,000 feet below. Coke. Coke is the car- bonaceous resi- due produced when the coal is subjected to a strong heat, out of contact with the air, until the volatile constit- uents are driven off. It consists essentially of carbon, (the so- called fixed car- bon), together with the incom- bustible matters or ash contained in the coal from which it is de- rived. In addi- tion to these it almost invaria- ■^ Li'OKOL'T (Mining) \"illagi:-. bly contains small quantities of hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, the whole, however, not exceeding two or three per cent. It also contains water, the amount of which may vary considerably according to the method of manufacture. When pro. 1'mKT PA\Nr: FiRNAt F. The oldest form and simplest form of " clamp " or " kilu " for coking coal is the bee-hive oven, consistinj; of a round chamber about eleven feet iu diameter, with a cylindrical wall and domed roof rising about six and one-half feet above the floor. A hole about one foot in diameter in the crown of the roof serves for charging, and the finished coke is drawn through a door in the wall about two and one-half feet square. When cleared for a fresh charge, the oven being red luil, ^niall coal is introduced through the hole on the roof, and spread uniformly over the floor uutil it is filled up to a level of the springing of the roof, when the doorway is filled with loose bricks, which give a sufficient passage between them for admission of air to ignite the gases given off by the distillation of the heated coal. After a few hours these airways must be closed b\- plastering up the Ijrickwork, COAL. ai except the top layer, which is left open for twenty-four hours. The heat developed by the burning gases causes the coking to proceed downward until the entire charge is converted, this tak- ing from forty-eight to seventy-two hours, according to the quan- tity of the coal. When the escape of flame from the hole in the roof ceases, all apertures are stopped whereby air can enter to the incandescent mass, which be- ing no longer protected by an atmosphere o f combustible gas- es, would burn to waste if brought in contact with the atmosphere. At this point all holes in the oven and chimne)' are entirely closed for about twelve hours, when the door is opened, and the coke, which forms a coherent mass, somewhat less in size than the orig- inal charge and divided by a system of columnar joints, is remov- ed by hooks and scrapers ; water from a hose being used to queuch the glowing coke as it is brought out. In some cases the cooling of the coke is effected by watering before drawing. A certain amount of sulphur is removed by this method, as the steam gen- erated, being brought into contact with the sulphide of iron in the heated mass, formed from pyrites in the coal, produces sulphu- retted hydrogen and magnetic oxide of iron. The amount of de- sulphurization by this method is, however, practically insignifi- cant, as the operation does not last long enough to permit the mass of fuel to be affected. The proportion of sulphur in finished Fort Payne Exhibition Building. coke, as compared with that of the original, may be roughly stated at about one-half. The Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company have erected a plant of one hundred bee-hive ovens Forest " ^-Highland /'■Green (» Cryslal Lake " // Mound ('ity. / Fire Clay Mines. y Wgemoni Mines. A'— Mountain Parl(. /, -Mcturdy Addition. Af ( ave Addition. ,V Manit.-m (ave I'ark. O Iloiiglass Addition. /'-'Ilmniiis & Howaid Addi- t ion f) W ttodhiml Cemelcr>'- REFERENCES: . Alabama Hardware Mf^ Co. . A. G. S. I'.issenger St.ition. . Opera House. . Fort Payne Coal and Iron Co. Block. . DcK.ilb Hotel. . Union Park. , Site of new Kxposition Build- inc. . Cook & Rawles Block. . Ford Block. . Fort Payne .Academy. . People's S.ivings B-mk. Presbyterian (. hurch. . Methodist ("htirch. Court House. , Old Kxposition Building. Baptist Church. , Academy. 19. DeKalb Lumber Co. Fort Payne Water Works Station. 20. Fort Payne Electric Light Station. 21. Dustin Hubbard Mfg Co. 22. Fort Payne Fire ("lay Works. «3. Fort Payne Stove Works. 24. Fort P.^yne Ice Plant. 25. Frambes Lumber Co. 26. Southern Pavement ("o. 27. Coke Ovens. 28. Fort Payne Furnace Co. 39. Sewage Crematory Plant. 30. Bay State Furnace Co. 31. Fort Payne Rolling Mill. 32. Lime \Vorks. 33. Fort Payne Basket and Pai:k- age Co. m^ S^ or (O^^ Do Ka lb Co' VI I CI Ijii ma . ffunt AMrre^j by L /V. C/i r i . r ^M,f'/-_'. .'/uu. nt'JO. fWUI.,,,. I'„r,l.ll-l. IITY AIS1> KAKM VKOl'KKTV. McCuRDY Addition — One-eicjhtli of a mile north of the Cave Addition, oti high rolling ground, good residence lots, 50x100 feet. Haralson Addition — This property lies immediately north of the Forest Addi- tion along the slope of Iron Mountain and is covered with trees. This is the location of the proposed grand hotel, and the view of the valley is very fine. It is three- quarters of a mile from the centre. Lots 50x125 feet and 75x150 feet. Fort Payne. — The section of the city desig- nated on the map of the cit}' as Fort Payne, is that section of the city which includes the original village site, and lies west of the A. G. S. R. R., extend- ing from the Fort Payne furnace on the south to within one mile of Crystal Lake on the north, and is bounded west by Forest avenue, includ- ing also a section of land east of the railroad, now partly occupied by manufactories. The southern part is devoted to manufactories, the central part to business, and the northern part to residence sites. The Company offers special inducements to investors. School Hoi? Thoma.S and Howard Addition — Lies one-quarter mile east of the rolling mill and furnace on F. P. & E. R. R. It is on high roll- ing ground. Lots are 50x150 feet, suitable for tenement houses. Douglass Ad- D I t I o N — Lies near the south- ern portion of the city, and has been reserved for the colored pop- ulation. Lots are 40x1 17>^ in size. Mound City — lies on the brow of Lookout Mountain, on the line of the Fort Payne and East- ern Railroad, and about three miles from the city. It is near the fire- clay and coal mines at Bee- -son's Gap. A tract of forty acres has been laid out with streets, and lots are 150x200 feet. The Coal and Iron Co. have in both the Big and Little Wills Valleys good farming lauds, and also farm property on Lookout and Sand Mountains. Wherever these lands have been cultivated they have yielded good returns to the fanner. They are located near to the railroads, and are of easy access to the city and a good market for farm products. Applications to the office of the Compau}- will receive prompt atteutiou. 36 V«RT PAYNE, vVI^ABAMA, IXLUSTRATED. TENNDSSEE SOUTH Skouiina Pro rORT PAYNE posed Li?if \ EASTERN /? AIL ROAD : ■-■■ Co..t 3..,. Fort Payne and Eastern Railroad. The Mineral Railroad now in operation was built anil is now owned by the Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company. It is designed to form a link in a through east and west line to connect the Tennessee River with the Atlantic coast. It has been named and called by the Company the Fort Payne and Eastern Railroad. The charter in the state of Alabama, however, is called the Gun- tersville. Fort Payne and Chattooga Valley Railroad. An organ- ization has been perfected under that charter with the following officers : W. P. Rice, president ; J. W. Spaulding, vice-president ; C. O. Godfrey, general manager ; F. H. Tobey. cashier, and the following directors : W. P. Rice, J. W. Spaulding, C. O. Godfrey, J. M. Ford, F. H. Tobey, Wm. Warner, L. A. Dobbs, E. E. Park- er, H. C. Young. Another charter crosses the state of Georgia, and is in the name of the Fort Payne and Eastern Railroad Com- pany. Both charters were granted in 18S9. FORT PAVNE WATKR AVORKS. Pimping Station and Springs of the Fort Pavne Water Works The City or Fort Payne. T I lie city of Fort Payue was chartered by act of the legisla- ture of Alabama February 28, 1889, and the first municipal ilection for mayor and councilmeu was held July i, 1889. The fol- lowing officers were elected : Mayor, C. O. Godlrey ; aldermen, A. W. Train, J. J. Nix, W. H. H. M i n o t , A . F . Payne and S. E. Dobbs. Under the charter thus ob- taiued ordi- nances were passed for the government of the city, includ- ing laws against the saleof liquor A police depart- ment was organ- ized, sanitary in- spection, street opening, grad- ing, sewerage, etc ccmber 2, i were provided for. The city was bonded De- for the following purposes : Sewerage, $35,000 ; streets, |io,ooo, and city building, f 10,000. A complete system of sewerage, under competent engineers, is now in progress, which includes a deodorizing cistern and a cre- mating furnace. It is the policy of the city to proceed as fast as possible to open and grade streets and avenues, thirteen miles of which were graded by July, 1890, and to extend the water and street light sys- tem as rapidly as possible. The products of the Southern Pavement Com- pany, whose plant is in the city, will euablc the council to pave streets in the near future at a minimun: of cost with as- li halt blocks. Many difficul- ties in the topog- raphy of the city- have been over- come, and as fast as streets are lo- cated they are built upon, ofteu before they can be graded. Care has been taken to provide parks and drives, and Gault avenue, the main business street and driving avenue, which runs the entire length of the city and iuto the adjacent country, and the Glen avenue boulevard, are as fine streets as any in the United States. The class of dwellings built in the city are fully equal to h.-.LH. AT Union Park. THE CITY or FORT PAT HE. 29 any city of the North, as a few examples pictured iu this book will show. Gault avenue has some fine business blocks, and a large number are under contract at present. The taxable property in Fort Payne iu 1888 was $146,633 ; in The health of the city since its foundation has been excellent. In spite of the discomforts and exposures incident to the found- ing of a new town, deaths have been very few, either among new- settlers or in the old village. 1889, $1,189,268, and in 1S90, $3,000,000. The rate of taxation is fixed by state law for the city and county and is one-half of one per cent, for each. The census figures for 1S90 are not 3et available, but will not show less than 3,575 people, and if taken in the fall of 1S90 it would show nearer 7,000, owing to the influx of operatives. There are three church edifices in the city, Methodist, (South), Cumberland Presbyterian, and Baptist. A Congregational society will be formed in the coming fall, (1890), and a Methodist cinirch, (North), and an l^piscopal church are organized and worship in halls. Karly in 18S9 a Young Men's Christian .Association was organized, and handsome rooms, with magazines and ))apers, are FORT PAYNE, ALABAMA, ILLITSTRATEK. open every evetiiug, and religious meetings are held weekly. The colored people have churches in various parts of the city. The secret societies are Masonic, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and a post of the G. A. R., which includes many loyal mountaineers. There is one large private school and several district schools- including a colored school in the Douglass Addition. Measures are being taken to es- tablish a high grade school, which is to be the nucleus of tech- nical schools and eventually a univer- sity. A system of public schools will be provided for the city, which will be man- aged on a liberal scale. Numbers of new and elegant private residences will be open for social festiv- ities in a few months, and the coming win- ter will inaugurate the home life of the citizens of I'ort Payne as never before, and the abodes of cuhure and refinement will add a new charm to the city. The temperature of the Wills Valley during the hottest season, on account of the altitude, is always endurable, and the nights are cool. From the fact that scores of Northern-born men stayed the entire year of 1889, most of the time out of doors, with none of the comforts now enjoyed, is a proof that the Southern high- lands is a salubrious place to live in. On the mountain top, imnie- Residence of O. S, Powers, Esq. alread}- established with their convenient proximity to the iron other parts of the cit)-, abundant room for many other nianufac- and coal mines and other mineral deposits, and their connection turiug industries. The residences of the cit}- are mainly in the with the markets of the country by the railroads. The distance northern part and on the slopes of the surrounding hills. Residence of James M. Vernon, Esq. FINANCIAL AND REAI^ KSTATE. ST BANK-OF-FORT-PAYNE Organized March j, 1889, with a Capital of )g^o,ooo, Increased July, 1890, to )^ioo,ooo. W. p. RICE, President. r \v. p, rice, J. D. RAVVLES, J. M. FORD, Vice-President. directors. j. m. FORD, C. O. GODFREY, F. H. TOBEY, Cashier. I J. W. SPAULDING, I,. A. DOBBS, DIVIDENDS, MARCH AND JULY, 1 S90, ID PER CENT. L. L. COCHRAN, F. H. TOBEY. 3S FORT PAYITE, AliABAMA, rLLUSTRATED. First /National Bank of Fort Payne. ORGANIZED AQGUST 1, 1889, CAPITAL, $50,000, SURPLUS, $1,500, W. p. RICE, President. A. W. TRAIN, Vice-President. GEO. E. LATHKOP, Cashier. E P. LANDERS, Asst Cashier. Dl RECTORS. W. P. RICE, E. B. COOK., G. E. I.ATHROP, C. O. GODFREY .\ W. TR.^IN, DIVIDENDS, 4- PER CENT., JANUARY AND JULY, 1 S90. PINANCIAl, AND REAL, ESTATE. .■59 PEOPLE'S SAVINGS BANK. Directors : Incorporated Under Laws of Alabama, June 21, 1S90. CAPITAL, $50,000. .1. W. SPAULDING, Prcsidettt, F. H. TOBEY, Vice-President^ A. C. SPAULDING, Cashier^ JOHN A. McCURDY, Col. J. H. MULLIN, Gen. H. B. HILL, HENRY T. POPE, J. J. NIX, W. A. BRADLEY. SAFE DEPOSIT VAULT. The People's Savings Bank will add a Safe Deposit business, and are erecting a large steel vault. The vault is composed of "Brooklyn chrome steel and iron," fastened with heavy steel plugs and counter-sunk machine screws, making a secure burglar-proof structure. The vault is secured by a day door iuside of heavy double doors, with combination lock and massive outer door, weighing four tons. The total weight of the vestibule and inner doors is six and a half tons. The vault contains five hundred safes of various sizes, which will be rented by the j-ear. No safe can be opened without the " master key " in the hands of the bank and the key of the holder. 40 FOKX PAYNiC, ALABAMA, LLIiUSTRATEU. Port Payne investment ©o. A Corporation, Organized June 2j^ i8Sg. Capital, $1^0.^50. This Company was incorporated for the purpose of managing, in a methodical and judicious manner, large land interests. The Company owns in fee nearly 1,700 acres of land^ consisting of city lots and Improved acreage property located in various parts of the City of Fort Payne, and in the County of DeKalb, immediately adjacent to the city. Quite a portion of the land has been platted and is on sale. A small fractional part of the land owned by the Company has been disposed of, and the proceeds divided to the stock- holders, the contributors having already received 75 per cent, on their investment. The very large amount of land still remaining, and its desirable location, assure the stock- holders several hundred per cent, ultimate profits on their investment. President, W. P. RICE. Vice-President, J. \V. SPAULDIXG. Secretary and Treasurer, TRUE P. PIERCE. Directors: W. p. Rick. Horatio Adams, F. A. TonKv, J. W. Spaulding, C. O. Godfrp;y, True P. Pierce. THE • SOUTHERN • BANKING • COMPANY. Chartered March, 1889. Capital Stock, $100,000. The Company is chartered to do a general banking burliness .md is empowerd *' To buy, improve, lease or ^l-U lands , to biiild, lease, rent or otherwise use buildings or land of any desciiplion; to issue bonds not exceeding the amount of real estate held by it; to issue bills, noti:s, mortgages and securities; to guarantee indebtedness to persons and corporations; to deal in stocks as trustee, or to take stock in any other corporation." The Banking Company investigates titles, and will make reports on the value of any mineral or timber land in Northern Alabama, Georgia or Tennessee, and if thoroughly satis- factory to them, advise their purchase, and not otherwise. The Southern Banking Company, through its correspondents in the Northern States and in Europe, can render valuable assistance to owners of Southern properties. C. O. GODFREY, President. A. W. TRAIN, Vice-President, E. DUDLEY FREEMAN, Secretary. TRUE P. PIERCE, Attorney. Directors— <^. O. Godfrey, A. W. Train, E. Dudlev Freeman. True P. Pierce, J. W. Spaueding, Sel,den Connor, Horatio Adams. (INVESTMENT COMPANY.) INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF ALABAMA, AUGUST, 1890. WILL GIVE ESPECIAL ATTENTION AS INVESTORS' AGENTS FOR ALL SECTIONS OF THE SOUTH, AND TO ATTAIN THAT PURPOSE RESPECTFULLY SOLICIT CORRESPONDENCE. ADDRESS S. F. SHAW, Pres't, Biddeford, Me. J. H. HATCH, Treas., Fort Payne, Ala. FINANCIAL, ANU REAL KSTATE. 41 GORDON & V/HITTEAORE, Real Estate k^^ Investments. Rents Collected. g^,^I'^^-;^%'??gMORE, \ Ko.n,e.y or Boston, Mass. FORT PAYN E, A LA BAA A. REAL ESTATE.— Gilt Edge Business Property, in the very heart of the city. Best Residence Property within city limits and in all Additions to the city. For description see article entitled "City Properly." I N VESTM ENTS— Special attention given to making investments for non-residents, in Real Estate, Stocks, Bonds, Etc. CENTALS. — Rents promptly collected and remitted. Personal attention given to care of property. REFERENCES. — Fort Payne Coal and Ikon Co., First National Bank, and Bank of Fort Payne. Boston References given if desired. J. GILBERT, Woonsocket, R. I. A. K. WOODWARD, Kingston, Mass. Gilbert & Woodward. ^-^•ReAL ••• EST/\TE ••■ Bl^OKEh^S.-fe--^ XLJp ^XPT^ON AP^P^IXIOIM I'ie-; immediately south-east of the Rolling Mill, and between Gault Avenue and the A. G. S. R. R. ; one mile I *! C* O 1 IZf 1 Z)kJ in r\LJLJlll«^LN fr,,m the Depot, a. id the proposed Street Railway line running next to the lots. Lots rnn from 75 x 125 to 50 X 100 Streets graded and land level. PROPERTY F(!)R SALE in all Addilions described by the Coal and Iron Company in thi^ book. Special attention given to Investments made by non-residents. Houses for sale and to let. Rents Collected, and a General Real Estate business transacted. SAgfiffli I^eal ^ Estate ^ Broker, FORT PAYNE, ALABAAA. A large list of Business and Residence property in ,ill parts of this city. SOLE AGENT for the KEITH ADDITION. The KEITH ADDITION is sittmted on the west side of Gault Avenue, and adjoins the Furnace, Rolling Mill, Lime Works, and Basket Factory. Gaiilt, Grand and Alabama Avenues pass through this Addition The street - railroad will pass this property. This Addition contains over 100 fine Business and Residence Lots, which are elevated and well drained. Correspondence solicited from any person who wishes to become interested in Fort Payne. REFERENCES— J. W. Spaulding. President Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company ; C. O. Godfrey, Manager Fort Payne Coal and Iron Company : R. P. Kinsman, President Home National Bank, Brockton, Mass. 42 FORT PAYNE, ALABAMA, ILLUSTRATED. ^^=^ RICE INVESTMENT COMPANY (3=^- FORT PAYNE, ALABAMA. ^^^.T-J^'^^'Affw X . . . . -T . . . Capital $250,000 GEO. E. SMALLEY, Treasurer. t ^ ^ •> Transacts a General Loan and Investment Business. Buys and Negotiates Commercial Paper, City, Town, County and State Bonds. Negotiates Long and Short Time Loans. Pays 6 per cent, interest on 6 months, 7 per cent, on 9 months, .Tnd 8 per cent, on 12 months or longer time deposits. e. D. KeAME-R, .. .. Keal Estate Broker, GAULT AVENUE, FORT PAYNE. Specials for Large Syndicates. Fine Gold Property, Silver and Lead Mines, Marble Lands and Select Town Sites, Coal, Ore and Timber Lands, City and Suburban Property, Residence and Business Property. Rentals and Collections attended to, Correspondence solicited. =^ THE DEKALB COUNTY ABSTRACT COMPANY OF FORT PAYNE, ALABAMA, For the Investigatioa of Land Titles. An Abstract of Title to any Land or Lot in DeKalb County, Ala. Complete Abstract Books. EUGENE THOMAS. Attorney. CHAS. M. SAWYER. Manager, ^^J. A. WILDER^^i^ Real ^ Estate-, and © Investment, Correspondence Solicited. ORF^ICE, I=IRST ISHTIONT^L BHINK BUILDING. ABBOTT & PEAKES, © Iiisurciiice ♦ Agents © ''^'^^:Z^ o'^ur^un-::: s"r:"'^'^ office ; no. 4 cook & Rawle's building, Gault Ave, rNDUSTRIES AND MANTjrACTURES. 43 E. B. COOK. J. D. RAWLES. Fort - Payne ■ Hardware - Company. OEORGE UNIACKE. Dealers in General and Builders' Hardware, Carpenters' Tools, Mining Supplies, Stoves, Tinware, Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Brushes, Etc. Agents for the Celebrated Atlas Ready Mixed Paints. 44 PORT PAYNB, AX.ABAMA, rLLtJSTRATED. The Alabama IBuilders' -H ardware /Vyanufacturing" 0o. «^«,.ilt!liiiiiiiH I'' ■•.''5 fas . the . name . implies,. will Manufacture . an . Extensive Line . OF . ALL . Grades . of builders' Hardware, from . the . most . elaborate Designs . in BRONZE METAL TO . THE . Cheaper . Grades . of Iron . Goods, . with . home . mar- ket . FOR . MOST . of . THE . PRO- DUCT. The . OUTLOOK . IS . ONE OF . THE . BRIGHTEST, . AND . IT . IS LOOKED . UPON . AS . ONE . WHICH WILL . BRING . WITH . IT . ITS . OWN REWARD, . INASMUCH . AS . THE LINE OF . GOODS . PRODUCED . WILL BE . OF . SUCH . A NATURE . THAT IT . WILL . REQUIRE . A . HIGH . .\ND INTELLIGENT . CLASS . OF . OPERATIVES . TO . PRODUCE . THE . DESIRED . RESULTS ; . HENCE . IN . THE . ESTABLISHMENT . OF . THIS INDUSTRY . WE . ARE . ASSURED . THAT . THE . CITIZENS . OF . FORT . PAYNE . WILL . BE . PROUD . TO . CLASS . ITS . EMPLOYEES . AS AMONG . HER . BEST . CITIZENS. E. B. COOK, / 'icc-Prcsidait & Trcas. E. S. STEVENS, Secretary. INDUSTRIES AND MANUFACTURJES. 45 DaSTlN'H^BBARD /^ANarAGTtiRlNS 00- ENGINEERS, FOUNDERS ^^'' MACHINISTS, Machinists' Tools, Steam Engines, Cotton Machinery, and General Machine Work, LOCATED ON ANDERSON STREET AND THE A. G. S. R. R. The Machine Shop is 40x160 feet, and 40x40 feet, two stories; Foundry, 40x100 feet; Engine and Coder House, 40x80 fuel: I'.atern Shop, 40x100 feet, two stories; Pattern House, 30x60 feet. A boiler-making and sheet-iron shop will be erected in connetnion with the plant. The works are already engaged in castin and making machinery for various plants in the city, and will do a very extensive business with the city and surrounding country during the coming winter. 46 FORT PATNE, ALABAMA, rLLTJSTRATED. JSOUTHERISr 2AVENENT COMPANY" OF Fort Payne, Alabama. HENRY B. PEIRCE, President. CHAS. H. GIFFORD, Treasurer. The Southern Pavement Company is organized under the laws of Alabama, has a capital of |6o,ooo — six hundred shares of fioo each— and has obtained from the International Pavement Company of Baltimore, Maryland, the exclusive right to manufacture and sell compressed Asphalt Block and Tile Pavement in East Tennessee, nearly all of Georgia, and in all of Alabama and Mississippi. The quality of this pavement, which renders it specially desirable for residence streets, may be briefly stated thus : 1. It is comparatively smooth vrithout being inherently slippery, nor does it polish from use, as is the case with stone blocks. 2. It is comparatively noiseless, giving forth but little sound from the striking of the iron shoes of horses, or the rolling of wheels upon it — a most desirable quality for residence- street pavement. 3. It is sanitary in the highest degree ; the blocks are non-absorbent, and being uniform are laid close together, and the joints, which are filled with fine clean sand, are soon practically closed by compression from traffic, thus preventing the absorption of noxious liquids. 4. It is durable when laid on a gravel and sand foundation. It has stood well for as long as seven or eight years under a very heavy traffic, and it will remain in good order without repair at least ten years, and in streets where the traffic is light it will last for twenty years. And if laid on a cement concrete foundation it will greatly increase the tenure of durability. The dimensions of the blocks are 12 by 4 by 5 inches, weighing about 21 pounds each. The dimensions of the tiles are 8 by 8 by 2>^ inches, weighing about 14 pounds each. They are also made hexagonal in form. Capacity of the plant 6,000 blocks per day of ten hours. Blocks made from our limestone have greater durability than any yet made by this process, which is duly protected by patents in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, France and other countries. Blocks produced by this mechanism have been in use in Baltimore, Philadelphia, Washington and in other cities many years, and have given complete satisfaction. Correspondence from all points in the vSouth relative to public or private work is invited. INDUSTRIES AND MANUFACTURES. 47 Raii^ — ■-- , -JUMwi^*. ;,... f-^5^^ 1 (r- S ^^mi^jmmm RS*^ •>* i^^H|i^^^|^Hi^^B^^H|BH^pR|^^^^^^| .;^ ' ' ny^iwiiHiB ■ __'i^i^fK^" - j«p, -■- ::-■•• 'm^mfm- "CSB^I^ ^"^' — s****^?™^* ^^E:::-?--^ C. M. FRAMBES, V. Y. FRAMRES. H. S. FRAMBEF. THE FRAMBES LUMBER CO. The grounds and buildings occupy about four acres, and are located on Ninth St. .a.nd the A. G. S. R. R. .\bout 75 men are employed They are Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Lumber and Mill Work, Manufacturers of .Sash, Doors and Blinds, Mouldings, Turning and Scroll Work, iS:c. Orna- mental and Carved Work, Interior I'ittings for Banks, Public Buildings and Dwellings, in standard and fancy- woods a specialty. Dry kiln capacity lo.ooo feet per day. FORT PAYNE Bagl^et and pBcI^age FACTORY. Situate at the southern end of the city on the line of the A. G. S. R R. The grounds and buildings cover 3; acres. Local woods are used ex- clusively for making Splint Baskets, Butter Dishes, Crates, Spokes, .^xe and other Handles, ThinVeueers,&c. The factory employs 150 hands, and is extending its trade every day. E. G. GoODP.-\,STURE, Genera/ 3/aiiagcr. .d^. .^rjg .,--.:■ INDUSTRIES AND MANUFACTURKS. 4» Of course, you will want to see what we The ^ushmore S. H, DOBBS ^ CO., Hardware Co. Groceries, •^ Keed, + c^c. have to say. ,Tr i t- n j r^, , ^ -^ We are emphatically and ever- its short, ... but it I lastingly, means | Yours for business, a"heap." The Rushmore Hardware Co. GflULT AVE., BET. FORD S VINE STS. The Largest Line of First-class Goods in the City. :iZEGET7XBLES ?^IND POULTRY. School Books, Blank Books, Pocket Books, Memorandunis. Purses, Etc., Writing Paper, Envelopes. Inks, all Colors, Periodicals, Games, cSc, Wm. F. Manninq, BOOKS p>^^ STT^TIONERY, Rubber Stamps MADE TO ORDER. At the Post Office, OPER/q HOUJE DRUQ 5T0RE DR. W. S. DUFF, Proprietor. P; GENERKL. MSSORTA^ENT OR D R UG S. C H e 7UTI C H 1_ S KND SUNDRIES. OFERri HOUSE PLOCK, Q/IMLT /lUE. jvf ILLlNEIjY, ](0TI0f(S mB ]|rESSMAK1NG, ^ /niSS bEE VATTERS, '^MT'^T'^'^/Tf • .-, ■ • • • GAULT AVE. Made and Trimmed in the Latest Styles, The (■ tnest Work Giiaranteed, REFERg?JtE>; The Best Families in the city. CITY DRUG STORE. F. M. Proctor, Proprietor, W. H. .A,SHMAN, Manager. FOUT PAYNE, AI.AISAMA, II>LUSTRATED. W. p. RICE, President. R. K. DUNN, Manager. J. G. RICE, Secretary. ESTABLISHED FEBRUARY, 1BS9. G.E. L\THROP, Treasurer * De Kalb Ua/nBER G2 * •DEALERS \H Sash, Doors, Blinds, Lath and Shingles, Brackets, Mouldino-s, Builders' Supplies, &c. ^^ ESTIMATES AND PRICES FURNISHED ON APPLICATION. ^^s Gault Ave. Meat Market. A. A. Gallaway, Proprietor. • » SWIFT'S . WESTERN . DRESSED . BEEF. SALT . AND . SMOKED . MEATS . and . PROVISIONS. Potted Hams, Corned Tongues, Etc. Dressed Poultry. RCHITECT. I Public Bui!din •