SF 991 .F84 Copy 1 lMiliar diseases of the dog dern methods of treatment t to feed & how to housebreak PROFUSEIjY iudustrated Copyright, 1916, by Cecil ffrench ^yne ^r^encn .yMa^co/ PTJBUESHEO BY The ffrench Remedy Company WASHIiSrOTON. D. C. U. S. A. PRICE in U. S. A. 10 Cents in Canada 20 Cents in Great Britain la. in France Fr. 1 OCT 28iSI6 5f c^^\ CI, A 4 4 5 ;j V V 7. THIS BOOK IS THE PROPERTY OF It is too valuable to be loaned or given away Duplicate copies may be obtained for 10c (stamps or coin) from The ffrench Remedy Company Washington, D. G. Nearest Depot at which the ffrench Remedies may be obtained : FOREWORD It is fit and proper to explain and justify one's existence. We exist because the Dog Owners of North America, and to a less extent of Europe, demand our existence, to the end that they may be supplied with something, the like of which they are unable to obtain from others. That something is our re- markable line of Remedies. This line is modest in extent — it consists only of some dozen different preparations — but it represents the best of medicaments that can be intelligently applied to the Dog by those who have not received a medical training. It goes no further. There is no room for the empirical or "sure-cure" type of dubious preparation amongst The ffrench Remedies. Moreover, we have consistently re- frained from placmg in the hands of the laity preparations for the treatment of obscure troubles, which for safe handling require the special surgical knowledge of the qualified prac- titioner. In this class of preparations belong, amongst others, those for treatment of Disorders of the Urinary Apparatus which are referred to elsewhere. Every one of The ffrench Remedies can be employed with absolute safety. By this we mean that there is not a single one which if administered in the prescribed dose by mistake under the wrong conditions can exert any ill-effect. It either does good or it does no harm. And, as the reader peruses the following pages he will become aware that in our productions we have limited our efforts to those preparations which are practicable, that we frankly advise him when he is treading on dangerous ground and should not trust to his own judgment in the selection of remedies, and that we do not seek to inveigle him into buying any preparation the use of which is not positively indicated. Everything we offer has time without number in the past, in the hands of our satisfied patrons, done what it purports to do, and we feel we can conscientiously solicit those who are still strangers to the excellent qualities of our preparations to use The ffrench Remedies in preference to all others. As to the value of what is written in the following pages we leave it to the judgment of the reader, confident that he will find it teeming with useful information put before him_ in a manner interesting, easily understood and novel — something quite different from that to which he has hitherto been ac- customed. The ffrench Remedy Company Washington. D. C. HOW TO FEED PROPER FOODSTUFFS. By nature the dog is carniv- orous. This means that his natural diet, like that of his cousin the wolf, is flesh. Under domesticat.v)n the dog has become omnivorous so that his appetite prompts him to par- take of a wide range of foodstuffs. An absolute flesh diet would be well assimilated by the domesticated dog if he had to roam and hunt for his nutriment as does the wolf, for in so doing he would secure the amount of exercise neces- sary to maintain his digestive, assimilative and excretory organs in good working order. But, during his long asso- ciation with human beings the dog has been permitted, with some few exceptions, to live a life of indolent ease with con- sequent sluggishness of body functions so that it has been found best to modify his natural diet, and whilst still main- taining the meat element, to substitute for part of it some- thing else. Experiments have shown that it is possible to maintain a dog weighing 85 pounds while at rest in a state of nutritive equilibrium on 31/3 pounds of lean meat daily. If fat to the amount of 5 or 6 ounces is substituted for a portion of the lean meat he can be kept in the same condi- tion on less than 3 pounds of the latter. In place of fat. sugar and starch may be used since they act in the same manner as fat. When meat and sugar or starch are eaten a domesticated dog will gain in weight more rapidly than when meat alone is fed. Starch can be supplied in the form of cereals and stale whole-wheat bread is one of the best of the cereals for this purpose; oatmeal, cornmeal, hominy and rice closely following. A well-balanced ration for the average healthy adult dog consists of part lean meat and part composed of any one of the farinaceous elements enu- merated above, well cooked together by boiling; but table scraps, properly proportioned, may be utilized for this pur- pose. The proportion of one to the other depends on the amount of daily exercise to which each dog is accustomed and must be ascertained by observation, but it should be borne in mind that a largely representative farinaceous or starchy diet is very poorly assimilated in the dog. For this reason, potatoes, which are rich in starch, are not proper nu- triment. This brings us to the subject of Milk. Whilst it is possible to maintain an adult, developed dog in nutritive equilibrium on an absolute diet of cow's milk for quite a long time, this substance, not being as rich as bitch's milk, is quite insufficient for developing puppies and so it becomes necessary to modify it to conform in nutritive elements to the latter, which is a simple procedure and easily undertaken. Modified milk becomes necessary in those cases where the maternal supply is inadequate to meet the demand of a husky litter and where, on account of the death of the mother, it is incumbent to substitute artificial feeding; and whilst not exactly necessary, may be advantageously employed to tide over the weaning process at from 6 to 8 weeks of age, which is always more or less of a set-back to all puppies for a few days till the digestive processes adapt themselves to the new conditions. In every 100 parts of average cow's milk there are approxi- mately 4 parts each of casein and fats, the two important nutritive elements in milk, whereas in every 100 parts of hitch's milk there are approximately 10 parts each of casein and fats. From this it will be seen that there are about 21/2 times more of these elements in bitch's milk than in cow's milk. Cow's milk can be made to approximate bitch's milk by allowing it to simmer on the stove till it has evaporated to somewhat more than half of its original volume, but we have a far more convenient form of evaporated cow's milk at hand in the shape of the ordinary canned evaporated milk ob- tainable at any grocery store. This has been evaporated in the proportion of 4 to 1. By diluting this with an equal volume of warm water, we get very near to the composition of bitch's milk, and there is the additional advantage of the canned milk l:)eing already sterilized and moreover it does not sour readily. Therefore, a can of condensed milk (the unsweetened variety) added to an equal volume of warm water makes as nearly as is practicable the proper modified milk for puppies. In view of what we now know concerning the readiness of microbes to develop rapidly in milk and the tendency such microbes have to cause intestinal troubles in puppies, which are the cause of so much grave-digging, it cannot be too strongly urged that all utensils concerned in artifi- cial feeding as well as the nutriment itself be sterilized by boiling immediately before feeding. On no account should sour milk ever be permitted to any puppy, for vmtold possibilities of bowel disorder lurk within it, and puppies, unlike hogs, are far from lieing immune to ordinary intestinal infection. Artificial feeding is best conducted in the manner shown in the accom- panying illustrations. The employment of the medicine-dropper or ink-filler with its small rubber bulb to serve as a nipple is essential for wee puppies and it is, of course, necessary to puncture a hole in the end of the bulb and to close the hole with the finger when drawing the nutriment up into the tube. In the case of the larger puppies one can begin at once with the regular feeding bottle and nipple. Nursing puppies of tender age must be frequently fed both day and night. At the age of four weeks, most puppies will begin to lap up liquids, or they may be taught to do this by sticking their muzzles down in a bowl of milk so that they will lick ofif that which adheres to their lips. Six weeks is the weaning age, by which time they should be freely partaking from the bowl of either modified milk, milk combined with any one of the patent foods, or milk combined with well-cooked oatmeal, which ration should form the weaning diet. From the time when the puppies first begin their lessons in self-feeding until they are taken away from the mother, the latter should be fed separately and prevented from eating the pup- pies' food, so that neither partakes of what is intended for the other. Beginning at eight weeks a regular developing diet to include meat should be substituted. When a puppy is once introduced to meat it usually thereafter craves it and difficulty may be experienced in getting it to continue to partake of milk. Millc, however, should still be offered, i. e., straight cow's milk now, since the necessity no longer exists to modify it, the elements lacking being secured in the meat. In the chapter on Worms it is explained what relationship a diet of milk bears to the development of these parasites. The feeding of puppies should be unstinted and should be pushed so as to bring about rapid development, but in aged and fat animals it is very often highly beneficial to ease up on the food supply even to the point of enforcing a fast of a few days. It should be remembered that a healthy dog in good condition can survive a fast of one month without sustaining any ill-effect and will actually live three months before starving to death, provided he is permitted to assuage his thirst all the time. As regards the feeding of bones, the practice is risky and serves no good purpose. In the remarks on The Teeth elsewhere reference is made to the uselessness of permitting bone-gnawing with the object of "keeping the teeth clean." It cannot be de- nied that dogs get a good deal of enjoyment out of bone- gnawing, and if bones are given with that object in view they should be of such size as to render it impossible for the animal to break them up and swallow the fragments, for sharp bone-fragments, particularly those of chickens, often become lodged in the throat or wedged between the teeth from which they are removed with difficulty, and many a dog has been destroyed, supposedly suffering from rabies, when it was merely making a frantic effort to dislodge a bone from its jaws. Splintered bones are very apt to wound the walls of the stomach and even to perforate the organ and bring about fatal peritonitis. Finally, old dogs com- monly suffer from impaction of the bowels caused by lodg- ment of bone-grit that has failed to become dissolved or digested in the stomach. When it is considered necessary to feed bone, as in rickets, it should be given in a shaved condition by means of the machines in use by poultry breeders. There are many different commercial foods on the market, all of which attract a certain following. But, it is hardly necessary to state that anything of this nature cannot be compared with fresh foodstuffs, not only from the point of view of nutritive qualities, but from a consideration of the dog's enjoyment of his life. Under certain circumstances dog biscuits are very convenient such as during hot weather and whenever there is difficulty in obtaining a supply of fresh meat. They are, in general, rather expensive and most of them offer one great objection in that they tend to produce relaxation of the liowels. Some dogs won't eat them at all. Raw eggs are highly recommended to promote the growth of the coat in long-haired animals. Fish may be given once a week for a change from the regular diet. Certain breeds such as those of Japanese and Chinese origin have from time immemorial been raised and maintained on a diet composed largely of fish and rice with never a taste of meat. It is hardly necessary to add that animals of such breeds should be fed on a diet to which they are accustomed. Vegetables are not natural to a dog and he does not need them, but if he likes them, no harm will be done by allowing them. Contrary to what is of such importance in a human being, a dog does not need to masticate and it is not wrong for him to bolt his food. The reason is stated in the chapter on The Teeth. But, meat should always be cut up fine and intimately mixed with whatever is added to it, otherwise the_ animal is apt to pick out the tid-bits and leave the re- mainder. Another popular fallacy is that a stick of sulphur should be kept constantly in the dog's pan of drinking water. Inasmuch as sulphur is insoluble in water it can hardly impart to the latter any nutritive or medicinal value. Sulphur is a good mechanical laxative but it must be actually administered in con- siderable amount to exert any effect, so that a sulphur stick placed in the water is useless. NUMBER OF MEALS DAILY. Frequent feeding of puppies is always indicated. Those of the small and me- dium sized breeds should be fed four times daily, whilst those of the largest breeds, in which rapid growth is desired, should be fed five times daily. As the puppy advances to maturity the number of times should be reduced until at the adult stage he should receive not more than two meals daily, consisting of a light one in the morning and a heavy one at night. Most packs of hunting breeds receive but one meal a day. A nursing bitch naturally requires a some- what augmented food supply so that she may maintain her- self in condition to properly nourish her offspring. A strong meat diet at such times induces a copious secretion of milk. Great care, however, should be exercised not to overfeed such an animal, particularly when the puppies are three or four weeks of age, as the appetite of the mother is then usually quite voracious and if permitted, the latter is apt to partake of more than she can digest with the result that she may suffer an attack of acute indigestion and be thrown into violent spasms, from whch she can only obtain relief by being made to eject the contents of her stomach. In fact, most cases of "Fits" in dogs of either sex are caused by acute indigestion, particularly during hot weather and when the animals are allowed to exercise a short time after having a full feed. Food should always be offered at regular feeding hours and anything left uneaten must be withdrawn and not left within reach of the animal. HOW TO OIVE MEDICINES Happily, this is extremely easy with The ffrench Remedies. The ffrench Remedies are compounded according to the principles of modern medication of the dog, first introduced to the public by Dr. ffrench in 1897, when he produced his inimitable little Vermicide Capsules, and that he was correct in his judgment that the time was ripe for an improvement over antiquated methods has since been abundantly demon- strated by the success that has attended their introduction and by the many attempts at imitation that have been made by others. Every one of The ffrench Remedies intended for internal administration is in concentrated and tasteless form either as a soft elastic Capsule or as a still smaller solid Globule. The advantages are obvious, for there is no un- pleasant taste to arouse the distrust and antagonisrn of the patient, there is assurance that the whole of the intended dose will reach its destination, and in those rarer instances where rebellion makes it almost impossible to administer medicine in any form in the direct manner, resort may be had to stratagem and the little dose passed off on the unsuspect- ing animal by burying it in a morsel of meat. These facts will be better appreciated when it is learned that in the breeding of Silver Foxes, an industry which has reached im- mensely valuable proportions. The ffrench Remedies are al- most exclusively used. The same is true with regard to Cats which are never very tractable for dosing. In these days of enlightenment and attainment in the sciences of chemistry and pharmacy there is absolutel^^ no reason to force a dog to swallow a dose of nauseous liquid, and any remedy put up in that form is evidence tliat the ways of the compounder have scarcely evolved beyond those of the dark ages. The following procedure should be observed in administer- ing a Capsule or Globule: Give one at a time. Open the mouth by pressing the cheeks between the teeth with the thumb and fingers and drop the object on the back of the tongue and immediately by quick movement with the thumb or finger, or with a round piece of wood about the size of a lead pencil with a smooth end, ram the object down the throat as far as can be reached, when it will be swallowed. There is no danger of ramming it too far or of pushing it the wrong way. If it is not swallowed, pour a little milk or water into the mouth with a teaspoon. Do not wet the ob- ject, thinking to make the administration easier. Hold the jaws closed until the object is swallowed. When it is neces- sary to resort to stratagem, procure small chunks of meat or cut well-boiled liver into little blocks, make a slit in each chunk or block, push the object within, close the openings, even bv sewjng them together if necessary, hold them before the patient in the open hand and offer them to him one at a time. HOW TO HOUSEBREAK To housebreak a puppy is quite a simple procedure provided proper methods, common sense and patience are observed. There is no need to bully a puppy to teach it habits of cleanliness; kindly instruction is all that is needed. Its education in this respect should commence as soon as it is weaned, and, it is hardly necessary to add, must take place in the house where the lesson is to be permanently applied, and not in a kennel. The puppy should always be turned out immediately after partaking of food as that is the time when it most desires to relieve itself, the entrance of food into the stomach causing increased bowel move- ments. During the day time it should be turned out of doors some five or six times and allowed to reenter the moment it has relieved itself. When caught in the act of uncleanli- ness it should be rebuked promptly by word of mouth and perhaps a light cufif and immediately turned outside, but it is worse than useless to rebuke or punish it upon the owner coming into a room to find it has misbehaved in his absence; more than likely it will not then connect the rebuke with the forbidden act, and no lesson will be learned. No puppy likes to soil the bed on which it reposes, and bearing this fact in mind, it is a good plan to restrict its range at night time to an enclosure just large enough to contain its bed, allowing it to run outside immediately before retiring and the very first thing in the morning before it has time to move else- where on the floor. By observing these instructions, most puppies will quickly learn good habits, but this presupposes that the condition of the bowels is healthy and there is no diarrhea, in which case it is better to keep the animal where it can have free access to the soil, or if the climate does not permit, to spread a newspaper on the floor with a mound of fresh earth scattered over it. Worms are often the cause of diarrhea so one must take care to get rid of the worms. l/eim/ciii/e^i 10 INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES FILM OVER THE EYES NATURE OF INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES. We can only treat here of the simplest forms of eye-trouble, i. e., inriammation of the whites or conjunctiva and of the trans- parent portion of the front of the eye, known as the cornea. This kind of inflammation is very common. We see it in most cases of Distemper, in some cases of Skin Disease, and very often existing alone and unassociated with any other trouble and sometimes confined solely to the cornea A flesh-colored growth occasionally occurs in the inner angle of the eye, which is to be distinguished from intfammation. CAUSE, It is always caused by pus-producing Microbes which may either invade the tissues when the vitality is lowered, as during the course of an infectious disease, or through a minute wound caused by some foreign body such as a particle of dust or the rubbing of an eyelash from a mal- formed eyelid. SYMPTOMS. The blood vessels of the conjunctiva be- come injected and a watery secretion at first forms and runs over the lids which are nearly closed and constantly winked. To this secretion is soon added matter or pus, which collects at the corners of the lids and at night time glues the lids together. According to the intensity of the inflammation the animal may exhibit considerable pain especially in strong light. When the cornea is involved a spot or film of varying density extends over it, which may be grayish, whitish, or reddish. The flesh-colored growth alluded to above, is always seen at the inner angle of the eyelids growing out from under- neath the third eyelid or haw. It is to be distinguished from prominence of the latter, which occurs quite commonly from congestion. TREATMENT. The first step is to search for and remove any active irritant and cleanse the eye of any pus that has collected. This is best done by means of dry absorbent cotton which enmeshes the pus much better than does wet cotton. When there is caked matter on the edges of the eyelids, it may be necessary to use warm water to remove it. After the pus has been removed, the lids must be spread apart and some of our "ff" EYE POWDER dropped right on the cornea and beneath the lids. The dry powder causes an almost immediate secretion of tears bv which it is soon dissolved and carried all over the eye. There is absolutely no pain attached to the procedure, though some dogs at first 11 Dr. Cecil ffrench's MUm DOi jiFHEtitn " ff " EYE POWDER "ff" EYE POWDER consists of a finely triturated powder which is dropped right on to the eye-hall. This causes an almost immediate secretion of tears which quickly dissolve the powder and carry it all over the eye so that the whole of the latter is bathed in the healing fluid. A rather novel method of medication, hut one which works to perfection. This preparation is indicated for all inflammatory con- ditions of the Eyes, such as Film over the Eye, Ulcers, Suppuration during Distemper or from other causes, and Wounds. Besides the healing ingredients, it contains 1 % of chloretone, a remarkable drug which has a benumbing effect on the irritated nerves and thereby allays pain and sensi- tiveness of the parts. PRICE Per Vial in U. S. A 50c in Canada $1. in Great Britain 5s. in France Fr. 6 12 regard the powder as a foreign body and attempt to rub the eve to displace it. After tlie first two or three applications and the soothing ingredients of the powder have had time to annul all feeling in the eye, there is no further objection. This treatment should be carried out three times daily and persisted in until the eye has cleared up. As a rule, severe inflammations of the eye are very slow to recover, sometimes taking weeks to clear up completely. The growth from underneath the third eyelid cannot be effaced by applications but must be removed by surgical means. CANKER OF THE EAR NATURE OF CANKER OF THE EAR. This disease is simply an inflammation or Eczema of the Ear, the same as Eczema occuring in any other part of the body. Some writers refer to "internal" and "external" Canker. This is a mistake. There is only one Canker of the Ear and that occurs in the canal or passage of the Ear. It is extremely rare that the disease involves the drum or internal parts of the organ. Sometimes we see ulceration on the edges of the flap which is nearly always a complication of, and second-, ary to. Canker of the passage, and which results from violent shaking of the earflaps owing to the irritation set up by the inflammation in the passage. This violent shaking some- times results in bruising and the formation of a tumor-like enlargement of the flap. Therefore, when these conditions are seen the ear passages should always be examined for Canker. CAUSE. The actual cause of Canker is the same as that of Eczema, namely, a local infection depending on the loss of the resistant power of the Blood-cells. But. the Microbes do not start up in business without some condition favoring their purpose. The condition is irritation of the parts en- gendered by an accumulation of wax, dirt and moisture. It is noteworthy that Canker occurs most frequently in dogs with pendent ears, such as Setters and Pointers, and rarely in dogs with erect or cropped ears. This is because in the former case there is little chance for ventilation and evapora- tion of moisture, so that the accumulated wax and dirt in the unexposed passage are pent up and converted into a ferment- ing compost-heap and when we remember that there is no possibility of drainage but that the corruption is retained in a sort of pocket, it is small wonder that inflammation and sores are brought about. 13 SYMPTOMS. In the acute form of Canker the ani- mal incessantly shakes its head, scratches its ear or rubs them along the ground. Examination of the ear reveals the skin of the inside hot, congested and tender, whilst the passage and recesses are coated with more or less wax and dirt. As the inflammation progresses, suppuration takes place and a fetid, purulent liquid is observed within the passage. One can always recognize the presence of ulcers and pus by the characteristic suction sound given forth upon manipulation of the base of the ear. If the disease exists on one side only the head is inclined to that direction as if the animal were trying to drain away the pus. TREATMENT. First of all, the inside of the ear must be thoroughly cleaned. This means that all the wax, dirt and pus must be removed from the passage and recesses. This can be done by irrigating the parts with moderately hot water by means of a gentle stream from a fountain syringe. Or, a piece of absorbent cotton can be tied to the blunt end of a crochet-hook or to any small stick having a knob, and this used as a swab to clean out the ear. This procedure may cause some pain, but it is an unavoidable evil and must be undertaken. After the ear has been thoroughly cleaned some of our CANKER GRANULE solution must be applied to the ulcers. Very little of the solution is needed, about half an eye-dropper full. It must be dropped into the passage and worked all over the inner parts and recesses by manipulating the outside of the ear at its base, between thumb and finger. The dog's head should be held firmly whilst this is being done as he may attempt to shake out the solution. The solution should be retained within the ear for several minutes and the dog then turned loose to shake it out. This procedure must be repeated twice daily in severe cases and once daily in light cases, the preliminary cleaning always being done first, until the parts have healed. There is sometimes a greater dis- charge of pus after the first few applications, but no notice need be taken of this, as it is a favorable sign. Ulcers on the edge of the flap are to be treated in the same way by direct application of the solution, any ulcers in the passage being treated at the same time. They are sometimes very stubborn and there should be no expectation of effecting their healing until the trouble in the passage and recesses is under control, i. e. until the inside irritation has subsided. The relationship between Eczema and Canker of the Ear has been pointed out. For this reason internal treatment in the latter is no less important than in the former, and whilst the local inflammation is being combatted by the means out- lined above, the internal economv should be regulated by administration of our TONIC GLOBULES. The tumor-like complications must be treated by an expert veterinarian. 14 CANKEll GRANULES [Non-poisonous] This is a non-poisonous healing Antiseptic Highly poten- tial in its capacity to destroy all Microbes that cause CANKER of the EAR, CANKER of the MOUTH. BLACK TONGUE, and ULCERS elsewhere. Its appli- cation to raw surfaces and ulcers causes no pam whatever and the rapid beneficial results following its use are truly remarkable. This Remedy may be absolutely relied on for terminating hitherto intractable Canker of the Ear and of the Mouth and Ulcers in any part of the body. In Black Tongue it must be used in the early stages of the disease before general blood-poisoning has set in, as its action is purely local and there is no known remedy that will save a dog in the advanced stages of blood-poisoning in which Black Tongue usually terminates. PRICE PerVialin U. S. A 50c in Canada $1. in Great Britain Ss. in France Fr. 6 15 THE TEETH AND CANKER OF THE MOUTH Deposits of Tartar are very commonly seen on the teeth of house dogs and lead to«a very objectionable condition known as Canker of the Mouth. Tartar is precipitated from the saliva m which it is excreted from the body in soluble form. This tartar, which is seen as a yellowish or greenish brown deposit, collects mostly at the base of the external face of the upper teeth, mostly on the molars and eye teeth, by con- stant accretion. The deposit gradually works its way into the socket in which the root of the tooth is embedded until the tooth becomes loosened and eventually drops out, the process causing an inflammation of the gums ( Rigg's Dis- ease) which progressively becomes worse until the cankered stage is reached. The odor from the mouth finally becomes intolerably foul. Whenever a dog has a bad breath, the reason for the same should first be sought amongst the teeth. This brings us to the question of giving bones and hard dog biscuits "to keep the teeth clean." From time immemorial every dog owner has had drummed into him this idea of bone and biscuit eatinor |-q keep the teeth clean. Never was greater nonsense written. As already stated, tartar, which consti- tutes dental uncleanliness, collects at the base or neck of the teeth where any rubbing process of bone or biscuit against tooth is impossible. On the other hand, bones are splendid tooth-wearers. One need only look at the teeth of a dog that has habitually gnawed bones to be convinced that these organs would have been in better state of preservation had they not been so used. Moreover, splintered and sharp bones are often the cause of fatal obstruction or perforation of some part of the alimentary tract. It is decidedly risky to allow dogs to eat bones. If it is desired to give bone as a foodstuff, it should be shaved by means of the machines in use by poultry breeders and fed in a finely divided condition. Another fallacy mostlv preached by the patent food manu- facturers is that food should be given dry to stimulate a flow of saliva and thereby aid digestion. Whilst this is perfectly true in the case of human beings, horses and cows, it is exactly the opposite in the dog, for the saliva of the dog hap- pens to be inert and has no digestive function to perform whatever. It is for this very reason that dogs rarely suffer from decayed teeth as do human beings. In human beings the saliva converts starchy matter into digestible sugar and this sugar is further converted into lactic acid and this acid causes decay of the teeth. The saliva of the dog not having 16 the power to convert starchy matter into sugar, no lactic acid is formed and no true decay of the teeth takes place. As a matter of fact, there is no need for a dog to masticate as there is for a human being. It is the stomach and the intes- tines that do the digestive work in the dog. If we watch a dog eating a large piece of meat we notice that he passes it to the back of his jaw and chews on it till his teeth have divided it into portions small enough for him to swallow, whereupon he gulps it down. There are two powerful molars in the back of the jaw, one in the upper and the other in the lower, opposite each other. These two molars have a scissor- like action and are the all-important teeth of the dog. He can get along without all the others, but these two molars are most important to him for cutting up his food, and if he loses them his food should be cut up for him. The eye- teeth serve as weapons of ofifence and defence, and the smaller front incisor teeth are merely for prehensile purposes. So that a dog doesn't have to masticate and nobody need be alarmed if he "bolts" his food, which is quite correct for him to do. A trouble not uncommonly seen in the mouths of puppies is WARTS. The latter are contagious from one puppy to an- other, but they do not remain long in evidence and always disappear in the course of two or three weeks. They have the appearance of miniature cauliflowers and are whitish in color and may be isolated or confluent. They are seen on the inner surface of the Cheeks and Lips, on the Giuns, and sometimes on the Tongue. When numerous they interfere with eating, are accompanied with a disagreeable odor and may cause drooling of saliva. TREATMENT. Tartar Deposits must be scraped ofif with a small dental chisel. Dogs that are subject to these desposits generally need attention to their teeth about once in six months. When there is odor present indicating disease of the sockets, our CANKER GRANULES should be used. Disease of the sockets is a far more dangerous condition than is generally believed, for the Microbes in the foul accumida- tions tend to enter the circulation and attack internal organs, notably the valves of the heart, causing heart disease. Loose teeth should always be extracted as they serve no purpose by remaining in the jaw and are often the cause of pain and discomfort to the animal. Warts never require treatment. They should be left alone for they will eventually disappear as spontaneously as they arose. The odorous secretion to which they give rise should be treated with the CANKER GRANULES. 17 This is an exceedingly infectious disease which sometimes sweeps through the dogs of an entire community, particularly in the South, where it annually causes a heavy mortality. It is not communicable to human beings but as it may easily be confused with rabies by the uninitiated, great caution should always be observed in handling a case. The disease involves not only the tongue and mouth, but the entire alimentary tract and results in death from general blood poisoning. All acute cases, and most of them are such, are hopeless from the start, but on general principles treatment should be attempted. SYMPTOMS. The animal is invariably depressed and a very bad odor emanates from the mouth on opening which a peculiar redness of the edges of the gums is to be noticed. The appetite is entirely lost and there is intense thirst with drooling of a ropy saliva. As the disease progresses the mouth becomes filled with a bloody saliva, the gums ulcerate, the tip of the tongue assumes a purple and finally chocolate- color and the animal objects to the mouth being handled. Vomiting takes place, looseness of the bowels is nearly always present, and if the skin is picked up it stands in the position in which it is left. Finally, just before death, the extremities become cold and clammy, and the animal falls into a comatose state. Contrasted with paralytic rabies, in which the tongue also becomes discolored, there is in the latter no dead or putrefying tissue and in rabies control of the lower jaw is more or less lost, the hind-quarters become paralyzed, and the whole demeanor of the animal is peculiar. TREATMENT. A solution made from our CANKER GRANULES should be freely used in the mouth several times daily and the ENTERIC GLOBULES administered internal- ly. In an effort to limit the activities of the causative mi crobes, the affected animal should be isolated and all surfaces with which it has come in contact thoroughly washed with a strong solution made with the "ff" ANTISEPTIC TABULES, all litter being burned. All the vaunted so-called Cures for this formidable disease which are to be seen advertised in the kennel papers should be left well alone and the claims of the vendors regarded as fakes. 18 9 The Terror of Wormviile The little Capsule that has built up a BIG BUSINESS INTESTIXAI. AVORMS DIFFERENT KINDS OF WORMS. For all practical purposes there are but three varieties of worms with which we need concern ourselves. These varieties are: the ROUND-WORM, the TAPE-WORM and the HOOK-WORM. The two former are found all over the United States, whilst the latter is most common in the Southern States and not at all uncommon in the Middle States. The intestine of the puppy seems to ofTer a soil particu- larly adapted to the development of ROUND-WORMS. This does not mean that this variety does not occur in Dlder dogs, for it does^ but whilst we nearly always find round-worms in puppies we do not so often find in them the other varieties. On the other hand, we more often find TAPE-WORMS in adult animals. HOW DO DOGS GET WORMS? It is quite common to hear the expression "Do not feed milk to your dog as it will cause worms." This is arrant nonsense. As with all other forms of animal life, so with intestinal worms, they cannot be developed in the intestine of the dog or anywhere else except as the ofifspring of pre-existing worms dwelling in the intestine of some other dog. Milk cannot cause worms any more than dough-nuts. Milk, however, being the most assimilable of all foods, equally as well to worms as to dogs, brings about their rapid development after they have already obtained access to the intestine. The puppy drinks the milk, and digests it, and before absorption into the system can take place, the worm, having lain back, taken things easy, and let the puppy do all the preparatory work, so to speak, gobbles it up as fast as it comes along. Instead 19 ROUND-WORMS ( Natural Size). At different stages of srowth. of the puppy getting the benefit, the worm gets it, and that is the reason why milk apparently "causes" worms. This is how puppies get ROUND-WORMS: Any dog harboring round-worms, passes innumerable eggs which have been deposited within the intestinal canal by the worms. These eggs are microscopic in size and are disseminated pretty well everywhere. They find lodgment on the teats of the mother and are therefrom taken into the mouth of the puppy and swallowed along with the milk, or they can get into the mouth of the puppy when it noses about on the ground or wherever it may be. TAPE-WORMS develop in a very different manner. No dog can get tape-worm direct from the egg of that worm. It requires another living animal to butt in between the egg and the dog. Any dog harboring tape-worms passes individual segments or links of segments of such worms (the so-called "Maw-worms"). These segments which are nothing more than envelopes containing millions of eggs, quickly ripen after passage, and their exterior membrane drying, they split asunder and disseminate the eggs far and wide. Dogs may swallow these eggs, but if they do, nothing results, as without passmg through, and undergoing certain morphologic changes in the body of some other intermediate animal they cannot develop into tape-worms. If, however, these eggs be swallowed by certain other animals, notably the ox, sheep, rabbit, flea, louse, they develop in the bodies of these latter into a sort of "half-way" or immature form of tape-worm, and if a dog swallows the body or portion of the body of one of these intermediate animals, the diges- tive juices of the dog's intestinal canal straightway set loose the latent "half-way" worm and it immediately begins to develop into a complete tape-worm. Tape-worms are always more common in the late fall and winter than at any other time of yearj and the reason is not far to seek, for the species of tape-worm most commonly found in the dog dwells in its intermediate form in the body of the dog-flea, and every- body knows that in summer time the dog-flea is more preva- lent than at any other time of the year. When parts of the larger animals contain the immature form of tape-worm and the parts are subjected to thorough boiling, the worm is destroyed, and this is a strong argument in favor of cooking all meat offered to the dog. But, as it is not always conve- 21 One of the commoner species of TAPE-WORMS (Natural Size.) Note the minute "head" at the fine extremity and the ripened and detached segments at the other extremity (the so-called "Maw-worms"). Some of the other species of Tape- worms are shaped somewhat differently, the segments being broader and shorter. nient to cook fleas and lice, and it is practically impossible to keep dogs free of them, the development of tape-worms seems inevitable, and we must take steps to get rid of these parasites before they have time to get rid of the dog. HOOK-WORMS are acquired in still a different manner. As in the case of the other species of worms, the eggs are passed and scattered far and wide. The eggs then hatch after an incubative period of from three or four to several days, the time taken depending on the temperature. A certain amount of moisture is also necessary. The hatching egg gives exit to a larval form of the worm. This larval form is ripe for entrance into the body of the first dog that comes along. It can enter directly by passing through the mouth or it can even penetrate the skin and get into the blood vessels and ultimately reach the intestine, and there develops into a mature worm and starts another generation. HOW ARE DOGS AFFECTED BY WORMS? SYMPTOMS OF THE PRESENCE OF WORMS, All intestinal worms are essentially parasites or "grafters." They live entirely on the product of labor of the dog and steal from him the nourishment which should go to build up his body or keep the same body in fit condition. But it does not stop at that, for they very often stir things up in their snug retreat to such an extent that the nervous system is rudely jarred and there results a "fit." And even that isn't all. Like all other animal creatures, worms throw off excreta of their own and these excreta being cast off into the intestine, are absorbed into the system of the dog, and cause all sorts of secondary disorders, amongst them being skin eruptions, rheumatic lameness and lesions in various parts of the body. And, to go still a step further, by their gnawing and biting habits (for some of them hang on tight to the wall of the intestine for fear of losing a soft snap) they start up inflammation and this inflammation is liable to become so severe as to lead to hemorrhage and death. Thus we may observe the following symptoms according as to which variety of worm is present : ROUND-WORMS. — One can always proceed safely on the assumption that every puppy has round-worms, and the symptoms should not be awaited if none have appeared by weaning time. The symptoms are a ravenous appetite, bloating after a meal giving the appearance of the so-called 2:i HOOK-WORMS (Nalural Size). "pot-belly," an unmistakeable wormy breath, whitening of the mucous membranes, particularly of the gums, occasion- ally the vomiting or passing of a worm, maybe a yellowish diarrhea, and worst of all — fits. TAPE-WORMS. — In tape-worm infestation the symptoms are not constant. But the most apparent and most import- ant as a means of recognition of the trouble is an irregular or ravenous appetite during which all sorts of foreign sub- stances may be devoured with apparent relish, and failure on the part of the dog to get fat in proportion to the amount of food it consumes. The coat generally becomes dry and harsh and unthrifty in appearance, the feces covered with slime or streaked with blood. Examination of the feces may show segments of the worm adherent to their surface. Sometimes the segments appear free at the anus and crawl on to the surrounding hair or even drop on to the floor and crawl across the latter. It is this ability of inde- pendent motion which makes some people regard them as a distinct variety or so-called "maw-worm." They are able to move by reason of the contraction of bands of muscular tissue which extend down their sides, but the motion is entirely aimless and dependent solely on the stimulus received from the surrounding temperature. Passage of the segments causes considerable itching which induces the animal to drag its anus along the ground. Fits often take place. Finally, it must be remembered that a dog may har- bor one or more tape-worms without showing any appre- ciable symptoms and the only safe course to pursue is to treat regularly in anticipation of them. HOOK-WORMS.— This form of parasitic infestation is more insidious in its indications than either of the others. The dog fails to thrive in spite of generous feeding and care. The appetite is indifferent and the animal is lazy. There is a decided paleness of the gums and whites of the eyes. Blood and slime are frequently passed and in advanced cases there is a bloody diarrhea. Sometimes the nose bleeds. A lameness in one or more legs is often present, which before the real state of affairs is recognized is attributed to rheumatism. It is not often the worms are seen in the stools. 25 VERMICIDE CAPSULES There is probably no Dog Remedy so widely known and so implicitly relied on by Dog Owners throughout the United States and Canada as these great little VERMICIDE CAPSULES. There is no other Worm Remedy, put up in any form whatever, that possesses the wonderful Com- bination feature which distinguishes V.Cs., namely, that of destroying and expelling with equal promptness and efficacy all three of the great parasitic scourges of the Dog— the Tape Worm, the Roundworm, and the Hook Worm. No other Worm Remedy covers the ground so completely. Furthermore, VERMICIDE CAP- SULES are absolutely harmless, even to the most delicaie animal. VERMICIDE CAPSULES "deliver the goods" and get the worms without getting the pup. When you go fishing, take along your dog and a box of V.Cs. V.Cs. come in two sizes, the Regular size for all dogs of ordinary size, including puppies, and the Special size for toy dogs and very delicate puppies. For dogs suffering from Hookworm alone, there is a SPECIAL HOOK- WORM CAPSULE, which contains a concentration of the ingredient that destroys this particular variety of worm, but it is only for use when the Hookworm is the sole parasite present. PRICE Per Box of 6 Capsules in U. S. A 25c in Canada 50c in Great Britain 2s. 6d. in France Fr. 3 Per Kennel Box of 100 Capsules in U. S. A.... $3. in Canada $5. in Great Britain ... 21s. in France Fr. 25 Special Hookworm Capsules same price. Each size and form of Capsule comes packed only in boxes of 6 and 100. No boxes containing mixed sizes are sold. 26 WHEN SHOULD VERMICIDE BE GIVEN ?— Whenever there are signs of either tape or round-worms. As a general thing, puppies should not be treated for worms until weaning time, i. e., at about six weeks of age. It must be remembered that the intestine of a very young animal is extremely delicate and anything of the nature of a foreign substance (as all worm remedies perforce must be, since if they were not they would be useless for the purpose for which they are intended) is best withheld until the intestine "is on its feet," so to speak, which is the case at six weeks of age. Nevertheless, young nursing puppies sometimes become very badly infested with round-worms, even as early as three weeks of age, to the imminent risk of their lives. In such cases, the only thing to do is to take a chance to get rid of the worms, for if we don't the worms will surely get rid of the puppy. For this purpose we have a special size capsule, which is sent only upon receipt of special request ( SPE- CIAL SIZE VERMICIDE CAPSULE FOR TOY DOGS) From the age of six weeks on, until they are a year old, they should be treated regularly with the Capsules of ordinary size once a month. After attaining the age of one year, all dogs should be treated periodically once every six months, or better still, once every three months. In every case the animal should be prepared for treatment. This means that Vermicide Capsules should not be given until the intestine is first emptied of its contents, either by waiting for natural bowel action to clear it, or by hastening matters with a laxative, for which purpose Purgative Pilules or castor oil are useful. The reason for this is that most worms lie close up to the wall of the intestine and even bury their heads within the latter in order to protect themselves and secure a firm hold, and if the intestine is distended with food-matter, the Vermicide is apt to mix with the latter and pass on without touching the worm, whereas if the intestine is empty, the Vermicide must hit the worm, and — good-bye worm ! The dose of Purgative Pilules is printed on the box in which they come and the dose of castor oil is all the way from I teaspoonful for a toy puppy up to 4 tablespoonfuls for a full- grown dog of the larger breeds. This should be given at least 12 hours before the Vermicide Capsules. In puppies it is rarely necessary to give a preparatory purga- tive because the muscular action of their intestines is brisk and 27 ':■!' PURGATIVE PILULES PURGATIVE PILULES form a convenient preparation for cleaning out the bowels. They are just the right thing for dogs to which it is difficult to administer castor oil, and they are so small that they can easily be given wrapped up in a piece of meat in cases of dogs that rebel at taking medi- cine in any form. There is just enough hyoscin in them to prevent griping and unlike most purgatives they act with exceeding gentleness and do not leave the bowels more bound up than ever before. For emptying the bowels prev- iously to treating for Worms and for supplementing the action of the Special Hookworm Capsules they may be used with great advantage and in place of castor oil. They are ideal for pampered pet dogs and for old house dogs that have difficulty in effecting a movement. PURGATIVE PILULES should be kept on hand at all times as a sort of household medicine for the family pet. PRICE Per Box of 30 Globules in U. S. A 25c in Canada 50c in Great Britain 28. 6d. in France Fr. 3 Per Kennel Box of 500 Globules in U. S. A. ... $3. in Canada $5. in Great Britain 21s. in France Fr. 25 28 the contents move on rapidly, but in older dogs and particu- larly in dogs of advanced years, bowel action is sluggish and the preparatory treatment outlined above is almost essential and in them a supplementary cleaning out is also often indicated. This supplementary cleaning out should be undertaken about 3 or 4 hours after giving the Vermicide Capsules. The reason for this is that tapeworms are extremely tenacious and it is sometimes very difficult to make them let go of their hold on the wall of the intestines, and if only just enough of the contents of the Vermicide Capsules reaches them to make them let go without killing them outright, they endeavor to take a fresh grip and hang on lower down in the intestines. From this it will readily be understood that the quicker the detached worms are made to completely evacuate the bowel the less chance will there be of their taking up a fresh position lower down, which would necessitate another and secondary treatment. The Purgative Pilules will sweep the whole bowel clean of the enemy from end to end. Vermicide Capsules have slight laxative action but will not necessarily bring about evacuation of the bowels unless worms are present. No food should be given until six hours have elapsed after administration of the Capsules. DOSE. — Excepting the Toy Breeds For all Puppies 1 Capsule For Dogs size of Fox Terriers 2 Capsules For Dogs size of Setters 4 Capsules For Dogs size of Danes and St. Bernards. 6 Capsules For Toy Breeds, the dose of the SPECIAL SIZE is: For Puppies 1 Capsule For Adults 2 Capsules These Special Size Capsules are meant only for the very small Toy breeds, not exceeding 5 lbs. in weight, and all puppies of from three to four weeks when it becomes necessary to treat such youngsters. All dogs weighing over 5 lbs. should receive the regular size. All the doses above stated are the minimum doses, such as are usually found equal to the work, but individual cases will now and again arise where larger doses are necessary, when double the ordinary doses may be given with absolute safety, for Vermicide Capsules are perfectly innocuous and will not harm any dog. 29 Immediately after giving the capsules, the animal should be placed where its stools can be examined for results. So rapid in action are the Vermicide Capsules that worms are some- times passed within ten minutes and rarely over half an hour is required to drive out every worm. When a tape-worm is passed, it is always advisable to look for the "head," because unless such comes away, the worm will go on growing and budding out segments. The "head" is at the small end of the worm and looks like a very small pin-head. It can readily be seen by putting the worm in a flat bottle containing water and holding the bottle up to the light and looking through it. No microscope is necessary. Sometimes tape-worms and also round-worms come away in entangled masses and in the case of round-worms a corkscrew formation is often noticeable. TREATMENT FOR HOOK ^ WORMS.— Vermicide Cap- sules are only slightly effective on hook-worms and will not with certainty destroy or expel them. For these cases we prepare a SPECIAL HOOK-WORM CAPSULE, obtainable upon application, at the same price as Vermicide Capsules. These Special Hook- Worm Capsules are given in the same manner as Vermicide Capsules, but not being in themselves laxative they should be followed two hours later by a dose of Purgative Pilules or castor oil. Usually, the treatment for hook-worms must be carried on for a considerable period in order to completely eradicate the parasites and quite a number of the Special Hook-Worm Capsules may have to be given. This is because re-infestation may take place very quickly, in spite of the utmost precaution. To give an idea of the diffi- culty of preventing re-infestation, it may be stated that the larvae of hook-worms can live as long as six months outside the body in suitable surroundings, and the constant passage of eggs in the ordinary way or in sudden large numbers under treatment may bring about a saturation of the soil with larvae in the immediate vicinity of the dog's home, which larvae in turn, for six months subsequently, may remain a possible source of re-infestation to the same dog or to any other dog that may come around. Therefore, in treating for hook-worms, the only safe course to pursue is to move the dog every day to new quarters, away from and beyond the reach of the larvae that will be constantly developing from the eggs that have been voided. Or, he should be kept in a well-drained concreted or asphalted yard which should be flushed daily to sweep away the eggs before the latter can undergo development into larvae. 30 To repent, single dosing for hook-worm is rarely efTectual but repeated and sometimes protracted dosing is necessary. Puppies should be treated on an empty stomach first thing in the morning every other day till not less than six treatments have been given and adult dogs should be treated eveiyday with as many as eight or ten treatments. It is often necessary to commence treating puppies as early as five weeks of age. REMEMBER THE FOLLOWING : Vermicide Capsules, as the name indicates, kill Worms, but that's all they do. They won't cure Distemper, mend broken bones, raise from the dead, or accomplish any other wonderful effect. No Worm can stand up before them, and if you administer them faithfully according to directions and they are not vomited, and you see no worms voided, you can be reasonably certain your dog had and has none, and that something else ails him. Some of the symptoms of worm infestation are also indica- tive of other troubles, and if you see a dog "sleigh-riding" about the floor, it does not necessarily mean that he has worms, but it is likely to be a sign of inflammation of the peri-anal glands, a very common trouble in dogs, or of the presence of the harmless Rectal Worms, a variety that has no pathogenic effect on the dog other than to cause itching, and which can be easily removed with an injection of salt and water. Remember, also, that dogs vomit very easily, especially on a full stomach, and that after getting Vermicide Capsules they should be closely watched to see that they don't vomit them. If they do, the dose must be repeated later, and it may be found necessary to try an alternative metliod of administer- ing the medicine, namely, by thoroughly cleaning out the bowels the day before and giving the Capsules one at a time, where more than one have to be given, at intervals of an hour, or even by opening the Capsules and mixing the contents with a teaspoonful of oil and giving them in such liquid form. Sometimes the Capsules even stay down best on a full stomach. There is no hard and fast rule, and whilst the regular way of giving the Capsules intact is rarely found to be impracticable, yet occasionally failure does attend this method, whereupon an alternative should be tried. Pregnant and Nursing Bitches can be safely treated at all times, as Vermicide Capsules have no effect on the uterus, nor on the puppies through the milk, as have most other worm remedies. If your dog shows fresh signs of worms two or three weeks after administration of Vermicide Capsules, don't blame the medicine for having failed to do the work. It means that your dog has become re-infesled from the same source as before, and you must seek and stamp out this source of infesta- tion, or else the trouble will recur indefinitely. 31 DIARRHKA. DYSENTERY NATURE OF DIARRHEA AND DYSENTERY. Diar- rhea should be regarded as an attempt on the part of the sys- tem to get rid of an irritant. The irritant may be of a gross nature such as worms, particularly hook-worms, indigestible foodstuffs, chemical poisons, laxative drugs, or it may be in the form of invisible offensive actions on the part of disease Microbes. The latter often get their work in after the former by a sort of "follow-up" method. Most diarrheas in the dog are due to the actions of disease Microbes, and dysentery is but an exaggerated diarrheal condition. Therefore, when we see diarrhea or dysentery in a dog, that is more than a mere temporary or passing manifestation, we may charge the trouble up to a local infection of the intestines or more rarely of the liver, and regard it as a veritable infectious process de- manding isolation of the sufferer. Infectious Diarrhea is a frequent complication of Distemper. Puppies during the nursing period or soon after weaning are peculiarly suscep- tible to infections of the bowels by Microbes, fruitful media of which are unclean feeding utensils or raw milk that has stood for any length of time. Diarrhea in puppies should al- ways be regarded as a danger-signal as it often leads up to early grave-digging. SYMPTOMS. Action of the bowels in a healthy dog should take place from one to three times daily, depending on the character of the food, and the feces should be cylindri- cal in shape and well-formed. The color varies from whitish- yellow to grayish-brown or even blackish, this also depending on the nature of the food. Simple yellow watery diarrhea caused by something indigestible is not difficult to recognize. Not only does it rapidly subside, but beyond being ac- companied with possibly a slight colic, there is no constitu- tional disturbance. It means that there has been an out- pouring of bile and liquid constituents of the blood into the bowel for the purpose of flushing out the latter and sweeping away the irritant. Infectious diarrhea is recognized by the following symptoms: At first an indifferent or even complete loss of appetite, irregular vomiting, great thirst, and perhaps for a day or two constipation. Then the looseness of the bowels comes on, the passages being frequent, copious, foul- smelling, slimy, perhaps streaked with blood, or mixed with a jelly-like matter and in color either greenish or black. Usually the subject loses flesh rapidly. Young puppies are apt to strain, especially when there is inflammation low down in the bowel, and this may bring on prolapse of the rectum. TREATMENT. In the infectious forms we must first endeavor to assist Nature in emptying the bowel of all putrid matter and then administer intestinal antiseptics to retard ■i2 ENTERIC GLOBULES ENTERIC GLOBULES do one thing and they do it thoroughly. They arrest DIARRHEA and DYSEN- TERY. They are a combination of pecuharly active intes- tinal antiseptics and astringents, whereby they quickly and effectually disinfect the entire Intestinal Canal so that the Microbes that cause these disorders can no longer exist. The beneficial results are observed almost immediately, whether it be in the diarrhea or Distemper or in that which is so commonly seen in recently-weaned puppies, as also in adult dogs that are paying the price for poking about in garbage pails. Following removal or Hookworms nothing will heal the inflamed intestine like ENTERIC GLOBULES. Diarrhea and Dysentery in kennels are very annovingand difficult to combat with ordinary remedies. ENTERIC GLOBULES should be kept on hand as a ready weapon of defense. PRICE Per Box of 30 Globuies in U. S. A. 50c in Canada $1. in Great Britfiin 5s. in France Fr. 6 Per Kennel Box of 500 Globules in U. S. A.... $6. in Canada $9. in Great Britain ... 42s. in France Fr. 50 further development of Microbes. For this purpose a dose of our PURGATIVE PILULES should first be administered and this followed up by a rigid course of treatment with the ENTERIC GLOBULES which are a combination of the best intestinal antiseptics and astringents that can be obtained. The stools usually begin to harden within 30 hours after commencing treatment with the Enteric Globules and gradu- ally turn dark green in color. Simple transitory diarrhea also calls for the flushing process. Chronic diarrhea that fails to respond to the line of treatment outlined above should arouse suspicion of the presence of Hookworms. The best methods of dealing- with the worm problem are des- cribed elsewhere in the chapter on Worms. To keep the kennel sweet and clean and aid in the destruc- tion of the causative Microbes, so that the trouble may be prevented from spreading to the other inmates, all surfaces which the sufferer has befouled should be freely sprinkled with a solution made with the "fi" ANTISEPTIC TAB- ULES. DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS Discussion of these troubles is purposely omitted and no remedies of this nature are offered for the reason that it is a very risky business for the amateur to try and diagnose or prescribe for this class of disorders. A single example will suffice. One of the commoner troubles of the urinary ap- paratus in the Dog is the formation of Stone. Such forma- tions tend to be passed off in the tirinary stream. But, it happens that in the male dog the urethra in part of its length is lodged in a sort of groove in a bone. The urethra where it lies free is distensile and permits of the passage of quite large formations until the point is reached where it enters the aforesaid groove where it can no longer expand and at this point formations invariably become stuck fast and oc- clude the passage so that the urine can no longer be voided. The average person, in ignorance of the true state of affairs and only aware that there is suppression of the flow of urine, supposes the kidneys need stimulating and thinks to relieve the condition by dosing with so-called "kidney pills" with the result that matters are quickly made worse and the animal soon succumbs to rupture of the bladder or uremic poisoning, whereas the only possible means of relief is by operative measures at the hands of a skilled surgeon. There is an old saying "Don't monkey with the buzz-saw." We will change it to "Don't monkey with urinary disorders" and advise owners to seek skilled advice when there is anything wrong with the waterworks. 34 FITS. CONVULSIONS. NERVE STORMS Mervous seizures may arise from many different causes. Those of most familiar occurrence result from any of the five following conditions, in frequency in about the order named: Acute Indigestion, particularly during hot weather Worms or Solid Foreign Bodies that have been swallowed Acute Indigestion in Bitches whilst nursing their young Poisoning Distemper Convulsions also occur more rarely during the progress of certain diseases, particularly when the nervous system is concerned but they hardly need to be considered here. They never result from the teething process, all statements in books to the contrary notwithstanding. The Fits which are so often seen on the streets and which give rise to the familiar "mad-dog scares" are nearly always the result of indigestion or the presence of worms. Worms ordinarily lie quiescent in the intestines particularly when an abundant food-supply comes steadily along, but once let something occur to upset their equilibrium, such as the intro- duction into the food of an element having vermicidal proper- ties, then the worms begin to squirm and wriggle to such an extent as to cause an "uproar" of the nervous system. The convulsions seen in the brood matron are caused by over- loading of the stomach owing to the voracious appetite en- gendered by the demands of the offspring. SYMPTOMS, In those instances where the dog is seized with fits whilst out walking it is perhaps first noticed to lag behind, then suddenly stop, emit a loud cry, and fall over on its side all the while continuing to cry. At this stage it may bite anything that is put within reach of its teeth and even its own body, and its legs which were at first extended now move violently, it foams at the mouth, and its eyeballs protrude. As soon as the convulsion subsides, it gets up, looks wildly about, then dashes off madly and aimlessly, usually ending up in some dark, secluded spot. In some cases the seizure takes place with extraordinary rapidity, par- ticularlj' where worms are concerned. A puppy may appear perfectly well and suddenly fall over on its side, make a few convulsive movements and die. On the other hand, the order of symptoms here mentioned may be reversed, a pro- 35 For profiucmj prvfr.pt Varcitins io Poiaontng »ne frora AcuU InJitMtfoii •nd durioj Hot WuUxr »o