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 INDIANA SOCIETY 
 
 OF 
 
 SONS of the REVOLUTION 
 
 Significance of the Sons of the Revolution 
 History of the General Society 
 
 Constitution and By-Laws 
 Indiana Society 
 
 Instructions to Applicants and 
 List of Members 
 
 1911 
 
HISTORY, CONSTITUTION, BY-LAWS 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS TO APPLICANTS 
 
 AND A LIST OF MEMBERS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 SOCIETY OF SONS OF 
 
 THE REVOLUTION 
 
 IN INDIANA 
 
 <2i^-~ TrTi^^ 
 
 PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY 
 1911 
 
THE INDIANA SOCIETY OF SONS OF THE 
 REVOLUTION. 
 
 The Society is: 
 
 (1) A patriotic society, perpetuating the memory of the 
 brave deeds of the forefathers, promoting patriotism in the pres- 
 ent time, educating the young, inspiring respect for the flag, and 
 providing and erecting memorials to those whose services in the 
 military, naval and civil life of the Colonies helped to bring about 
 American independence. 
 
 (2) A genealogical and historical society, preserving- lines 
 of family descent and family historical data; also manuscripts, 
 records and other documents relating to the Revolutionary period. 
 
 (3) A society for conserving pride in clean, strong and hon- 
 orable family stocks, thereby giving men an ideal to live up to 
 and to add to, tending to make them better men both in citizen- 
 ship and in the home. 
 
 The Meaning and Ideals of the Sons of the Revolution. 
 
 A people which takes no pride in the noble achievements of 
 remote ancestors will never achieve anything worthy to be re- 
 membered with pride by remote descendants. 
 
 It is impossible not to respect the sentiment which indicates 
 itself by those tokens. 
 
 It is a sentiment which belongs to the higher and purer part 
 of human nature, and which adds not a little to the strength of 
 the States. — Macaulay. 
 
 I propose to show in this book that a man's natural abilities 
 are derived by inheritance, under exactly the same limitations as 
 are the form and physical features of the whole organic world. 
 Consequently, * ^i^ * j^ would be quite practicable to produce 
 a highly gifted race of men by judicious marriages during sev- 
 eral consecutive generations. * . "f * I conclude that each gen- 
 eration has enormous power ove'r'the natural gifts of those that 
 follow, and maintain that it is a duty we owe to humanity to in- 
 vestigate the range of that power, and to exercise it in a way that, 
 
^SB- 
 
 without being unwise towards ourselves, shall be most advan- 
 tageous to future inhabitants of the earth. — From "Hereditary 
 Genius," by Sir Francis Galton. 
 
 It is maintained by Helvetius and his set, that an infant of 
 genius is quite the same as any other infant, only that certain 
 surprisingly favorable influences accompany him through life, 
 especially through childhood, and expand him, while others lie 
 close folded, and continue dunces. "^ '''' * With w'hich opin- 
 ion, cries Teufelsdockh, "I should as soon agree as with this 
 other — that an acorn might, by favorable or unfavorable in- 
 fluences of soil and climate, be nursed into a cabbage, or the 
 cabbage-seed into an oak. Nevertheless," continues he, "I, too, 
 acknowledge the all but omnipotence of early culture and nur- 
 ture." — From "Sartor Resartus," by Carlyle. 
 
 Whether it be in character, disposition, energy, intellect or 
 physical power, we each receive at our birth a definite en- 
 dowment, allegorized by the parable related in St. Matthew, 
 some receiving many talents', others few ; but each person be- 
 ing responsible for the profitable use of that which has been 
 entrusted to him — Second Huxley Lecture of Sir Francis 
 Galton. 
 
 The chief moral trait of a winning race is stability of char- 
 acter. Primitive peoples are usually over-emotional and poised 
 unstably between smiles and tears. They act quickly, if at 
 all, and according to the impulse of the moment. * * * 
 We recall Carlyle's comparing Gallic fire, which is as the 
 crackling of dry thorns under a pot, with the Teutonic fire, 
 which rises slowly but will melt iron. In private endeavor per- 
 severance, in the social economy the keeping of promises, and 
 in the state steadfastness — these are the requisites of success, 
 and they all depend on stability of character. * * * The su- 
 periority of a race cannot be preserved without pride of blood 
 and an uncompromising attitude tow^ard the lower races. 
 * * * Since the higher culture should be kept pure as well 
 as the hijrher blood, that race is stronger which, down to the 
 
cultivator or the artisan, has a strong sense of its superiority. — 
 From "The Causes of Race Superiority," by Edward A. Ross. 
 
 The importance to human society of positive characteris- 
 tics in the germ plasm needs little argument. All will admit 
 the debt of society to the Bach family, containing musicians 
 for eig^ht generations, of which twenty-nine eminent ones were 
 assembled at one fam.ily gathering; to the family of the painter 
 Titian (Vecellio), with nine painters of merit; to the Ber- 
 nouilli family, of Swiss origin, with ten members famous as 
 mathematicians, physicists and naturalists ; to the Jussieu fam- 
 ily, of France, with five eminent botanists ; to the Darwin 
 family, which gave not only Charles Darwin, his eminent 
 grandfather, Erasmus, and his cousin, Francis' Galton, but also 
 among the children of Charles, a mathematical astronomer of 
 the first rank, a professor of plant physiology at Cambridge 
 University, an inventor of scientific instruments of precision, 
 and a member of Parliament ; in this country to an Adams 
 family of statesmen, an Abbott family of authors, a Beecher 
 family of authors and preachers, and an Edwards family that 
 has supplied this country with many of its great college presi- 
 dents and educators, men of science, leaders in philanthropic 
 movements, inventors, and leaders in the industrial world. 
 Important as are these great families, their qualities represent 
 only a small fraction of the powerful hereditary characteristics 
 that are inherent in our best protoplasm. In this day of con- 
 servation, would that we might keep in mind that this' proto- 
 plasm is our most valuable national resource, and that our 
 greatest duty to the future is to maintain it and transmit it 
 improved to subsequent generations, to the end that our 
 human society may be maintained and improved. — From "The 
 Influence of Heredity on Human Society," by Charles B. Dav- 
 enport (Annals of the American Academy, Race Improvement 
 in the United States). 
 
 Not to mention the exposure of weakling children by the 
 various races, restrictions on marriage of one kind or another 
 have been imposed by almost all peoples. * * * Since 
 Christianity and civilization have emphasized the worth of the 
 
 4 
 
individual, the voluntary elimination of the unfit has been lim- 
 ited to the execution of offenders against political or religious 
 laws, and the forced segregation of certain other classes, like 
 paupers, insane persons, idiots and lepers. * * * Eugenics 
 includes, not only the prevention of unfit, but the conscious 
 attempt to produce the more fit ; indeed, it is in the latter 
 sense that the word is most often used. Strictly speaking, 
 however, it must include all attempts to improve the physical 
 equipment of the individual in so far as he acquires it by 
 heredity. The recent emphasis upon eugenics is a direct out- 
 come of modern science. * * * Comte, Herbert Spencer, 
 in fact nearly all modern philosophers, have laid emphasis on 
 making this world better, without reference to what may hap- 
 pen in any other world. The culmination of this movement 
 is found in such men as Nietzche, Bernard Shaw and Presi- 
 dent Roosevelt. The Christ ideal is no longer one of religious 
 contemplation, but of human perfection ; the superman, work- 
 ing in a strenuous life to produce a better world here and now, 
 is the one who attracts the admiration of men today. Science 
 has aided this movement in another way by showing that, in 
 the last century, too much emphasis was laid upon environment 
 and too little upon heredity. Education, environment, can de- 
 velop and modify; they cannot create. Modern biology shows 
 how different organisms react upon the same environment; 
 and that, by selecting individuals who react in certain ways, 
 more can be accomplished than by merely changing the en- 
 vironment of the total number. * * * Nietzche's defini- 
 tion of marriage, as the union of two with the object of pro- 
 ducing beings higher than themselves, is beginning to be seri- 
 ously'considered. * * * That heredity counts for more 
 than environment is shown by the importance attached to the 
 former, as compared with latter, by the insurance companies. 
 * * * As Professor P'earson says: "You cannot change 
 the leopard's spots, and you cannot change bad stock to good ; 
 you may dilute it, possibly spread it over a wide area, spoiling 
 good stock, but until it ceases to multiply it Avill not cease to 
 be." * * * Immigration of undesirables contributes to 
 what George William Curtis called the ''watering of the na- 
 tion's life-blood." One of America's greatest problems is how 
 best to keep Teutonic stock and traditions in the ascendency. 
 
Just at this point 1 seem to hear something said of the colossal 
 Teutonic conceit which thinks its race better than others. I 
 frankly accept the challenge. I do believe that, in recent cen- 
 turies, the Teutonic stock has been the finest in the world. 
 The Iberic had its day; but compare the history of the Span- 
 ish-American republics for three hundred years with that of 
 England, Germany, Scandinavia and the United States. If 
 our country had been settled by Galicians, Croatians, Sicilians 
 or Greeks, can anyone suppose that our institutions and 
 achievements would have been what they have or that the 
 movement toward political and religious' liberty throu.s^hout 
 all the world would have been the same? * * * jf the 
 facts show, as I believe they do, that a considerable propor- 
 tion of the immigrants coming today are below the average of 
 our citizenship, mentally, morally and physically, and if they 
 have tended to lower that average, why is it ungenerous to 
 say, "You shall not come faster than we can lift you to our 
 level or higher, and those of you who are very far below our 
 level shall not come until you fit 3^ourselves for our condi- 
 tions"? * * * The undesirables of Southern Europe and 
 of Asia also multiply much more rapidly than the hieher class 
 peoples of Anglo-Saxon origin, so that the multiplication of 
 the fitest among the latter should be encouraged at the same 
 time we are restricting the entrance of the unfit among the 
 former. * * * To sum up, the open hand may not be the 
 most generous attitude, either toward our foreign-born citi- 
 zens, toward present immigrants, toward future immigrants, 
 or toward the world at large. In the words' of Phillips "Rrnoks : 
 "If the world, in the great march of centuries, is going to be 
 richer for the development of a certain national character, 
 built up by a larger type of manhood here, then for the world's 
 sake, for the sake of every nation that would pour in upon it 
 that which would disturb that development, we have a rio-ht 
 to stand guard over it." — Contracted from a paper on "Eu- 
 genics, Ethics and Immigration," by Prescott F. Hall. 
 
 The men who made their way to the British Isles have 
 shown themselves the most masterful and achieving of the 
 Germanic race, while their ofifshoots in America and Australia, 
 
in spite of some mixture, show the highest level of individual 
 efficiency found in any people of the Anglo-Saxon breed. 
 * * ^ There is no doubt that the form of society which a 
 race adopts is potent to paral3^ze or to release its energy. In 
 this' respect Americans are especially fortunate, for their en- 
 ergies are stimulated to the utmost by democracy. — From 
 "Causes of Race Superiority," by E. A. Ross. 
 
 It is said that democracy is fighting against the best-de- 
 termined and most peremptory of biological laws, namely, the 
 law of heredity, with which law the social structure of mon- 
 archial and oligarchical states is in strict conformity. This 
 criticism fails to recognize the distinction between artificial 
 privileges transmissible without regard to inherited virtues or 
 powers, and inheritable virtues or powers transmissible with- 
 out regard to hereditary privileges. Artificial privileges will 
 be abolished by a democracy; natural, inheritable virtues or 
 powers are as surely transmissible under a democracy as un- 
 der any other form of government. Families can be made just 
 as enduring in a democratic as in an oligarchic state, if fam- 
 ily permanence be desired and aimed at. The desire for the 
 continuity of vigorous families, and for the reproduction of 
 beauty, genius and nobility of character is universal. "From 
 fairest creatures we desire increase," is the commonest of sen- 
 timents. The American multitude will not take the children 
 of distingushed persons on trust; but it is delighted when an 
 able man has an abler son, or a lovely mother a lovelier daugh- 
 ter. That a democracy does not prescribe the close intermar- 
 riage which characterizes a strict aristocracy, so-called, is 
 physically not a disadvantage, but a greater advantage for the 
 freer society. The French nobility and the Englsh House of 
 Lords furnish good evidence that aristocracies do not succeed 
 in perpetuating select types of intellect or of character. 
 
 In the future there will undoubtedly be seen a great in- 
 crease in the number of permanent families in the United 
 States — families in which honor, education and property will 
 be transmitted with reasonable certainty ; and a fair beginning 
 has already been made. On the quinquennial catalogue of Har- 
 
 7 
 
vard University there are about five hundred and sixty fam- 
 ily stocks which have been represented by g-raduates at inter- 
 vals for at least one hundred years. On the Yale catalogue 
 there are about four hundred and twenty such family stocks, 
 and it is probable that all other American colleges which have 
 existed one hundred years or more show similar facts in pro- 
 portion to their age and to the number of their graduates. 
 There is nothing in American institutions to prevent this na- 
 tural process from extending and continuing. The college 
 graduate who does not send his son to college is a curious ex- 
 ception. American colleges are, indeed, chiefly recruited from 
 the sons of men who were not college-bred themselves ; for 
 democratic society is mobile, and permits young men of ability 
 to rise easily from the lower to the higher levels. But, on the 
 other hand, nothing in the constitution of society forces men 
 down who have once risen, or prevents their children or grand- 
 children from staying on the higher level if they have the 
 virtue in them. 
 
 The interest in family genealogies has much increased of 
 late years, and hundreds of thousands of persons are already 
 recorded in printed volumes which have been compiled and 
 published by voluntary contributions or by the zeal of indi- 
 viduals'. In the Harvard University Library are four hundred 
 and fifteen American family genealogies, three-quarters of 
 which have been printed since 1860. * * * When some 
 American Galton desires, in the next century, to study heredi- 
 tary genius or character under a democracy, he will find ready 
 to his hand an enormous mass of material. There are in the 
 United States one hundred and forty-eight historical societies', 
 most of them recently established, which give a large share of 
 their attention to biography, genealogy, necrology and kindred 
 topics.* Persons and families of local note, the settlement 
 and development of new towns, and the rise of new industries 
 "are commemorated by these societies, which are accumulating 
 and preserving materials for the philosophical historian who 
 shall hereafter describe the social condition of a democracy 
 which in a hundred years overran the habitable parts of a con- 
 tinent. 
 
 * Massachusetts and North Dakota are providing for recording famly lines in one 
 of the State departments. 
 
 8 
 
Two things are necessary to a family permanence — edu- 
 cation and bodily vigor, in every generation. To secure these 
 two things, the holding and the transmission of moderate prop- 
 erties in families must be so well provided by law and custom 
 as to be possible for large numbers of families. For the ob- 
 jects in view, great properties are not so desirable as moderate 
 or even small properties, since the transmission of health and 
 education with great properties is not so sure as' with small 
 properties. * * * 
 
 The holding and the transmission of property in families 
 are, however, only means to two ends — namely, education and 
 health in successive generations. From the first, the Ameri- 
 can democracy recognized the fact that education was of su- 
 preme importance to it — the elementary education for all, the 
 higher for all the naturally selected ; but it awakened much 
 later to the necessity of attending to the health of the people. 
 European aristocracies have always secured themselves in a 
 measure against physical degeneration by keeping a large pro- 
 portion of their men in training as soldiers and sportsmen, 
 and most of their women at ease in country seats. In our 
 democratic society, which at first thought only of work and 
 production, it is now to be seen that public attention is di- 
 rected more and more to the means of preserving and increas- 
 ing health and vigor. Some of these means are country 
 schools for city children, country or seaside houses for fami- 
 lies, public parks and gardens, out-of-door sports, systematic 
 physical training in schools and colleges, vacations for business 
 and professional men, and improvements in the dwellings and 
 the diet of all classes. Democracy leaves marriages and social 
 groups to be determined by natural afiFiliation or congeniality 
 of tastes and pursuits, which is the effective principle in the 
 association of cultivated persons under all forms of govern- 
 ment. So far from having any quarrel with the law of heredi- 
 tary transmission, it leaves the principle of heredity perfectly 
 free to act ; but it does not add to the natural sanctions of that 
 principle an unnecessary bounty of privileges conferred by law. 
 
 From this consideration of the supposed conflict between 
 democracy and the law of heredity the transition is easy to 
 my last topic; namely, the effect of democratic institutions on 
 
 9 
 
the production of ladies and gentlemen. There can be no ques- 
 tion that a general amelioration of manners is brought about 
 in a democracy by public schools, democratic churches, public 
 conveyances without distinction of class, universal suffrage, 
 town-meetings, and all the multifarious associations in which 
 democratic society delights ; but this general amelioration 
 mig'ht exist, and yet the highest types of manners might fail. 
 Do these fail? On this important point American experience 
 is already interesting, and I think conclusive. Forty years 
 ago Emerson said it was a chief felicity of our country, that 
 it excelled in women. It excels more and more. Who has 
 not seen in public and in private life American women unsur- 
 passable in grace and graciousness, in serenity and dignity, in 
 effluent gladness and abounding courtesy? Now, the lady is 
 the consummate fruit of human society at its best. In all the 
 higher walks of American life there are men whose bearing 
 and aspect at once distinguish them as gentlemen. They have 
 personal force, magnanimity, moderation and refinement : they 
 are quick to see and to sympathize ; they are pure, brave and 
 firm. These are also the qualities that command success; and 
 herein lies the only natural connection between the possession 
 of property and nobility of character. In a mobile or free so- 
 ciety the excellent or noble man is likely to win ease and in- 
 dependence ; but it does not follow that under any form of 
 government the man of many possessions is necessarily excel- 
 lent. On the evidence of my reading and of my personal ob- 
 servation at home and abroad, I fully believe that there is a 
 larger proportion of ladies and g'entlemen in the United States 
 than in any other country. This proposition is, I think, true 
 with the highest definition of the term "lady" or "gentleman" ; 
 but it is also true, if ladies and gentlemen are only persons 
 who are clean and well-dressed, who speak gently and eat 
 with their forks. It is unnecessary, however, to claim any su- 
 periority for democracy in this respect ; enough that the high- 
 est types of manners in men and women are produced abund- 
 antly on democratic soil. 
 
 It would appear, then, from American experience that neith- 
 er generations of privileged ancestors, nor large inherited pos- 
 sessions, are necessary to the making of a lady or gentleman. 
 
 10 
 
What is necessary? In the first place, natural gifts. The gen- 
 tleman is born in a democracy no less than in a monarchy. 
 In other words, he is a person of fine bodily and spiritual 
 qualities, mostly innate. Secondly, he must have, through ele- 
 mentary education, early access to books, and therefore to 
 great thoughts and high examples. Thirdly, he must be early 
 brought into contact with some refined and noble person — 
 father, mother, teacher, pastor, employer or friend. These 
 are the only necessary conditions in peaceful times and in law- 
 abiding communities like ours. Accordingly, such facts as 
 the following are common in the United States : One of the 
 numerous' children of a small farmer manages to fit himself for 
 college, Avorks his way through college, becomes a lawyer, at 
 forty is a much-trusted man in one of the chief cities of the 
 Union, and is distinguished for the courtesy and dignity of his 
 bearing and speech. The son of a country blacksmith is taught 
 and helped to a small college by his minister; he himself be- 
 comes a minister, has a long fight with poverty and ill-health, 
 but at forty-five holds as high a place as his profession af- 
 fords, and every line in his face and every tone in his voice 
 betoken the gentleman. The sons and daughters of a success- 
 ful shopkeeper take the hig-hest places in the most cultivated 
 society of their native place, and well deserve the pre-eminence 
 accorded to them. The daughter of a man of very imperfect 
 education, who began life with nothing and became a rich 
 merchant, is singularly beautiful from youth to age, and pos- 
 sesses to the highest degree the charm of dignified and gracious 
 manners. A young girl, not long out of school, the child of 
 respectable but obscure parents, marries a public man, and in 
 conspicuous station bears herself with a grace, dis- 
 cretion and nobleness which she could not have exceeded had 
 her blood been royal for seven generations. Striking cases of 
 this kind will occur to every person in this assembly. They 
 are every-day phenomena in American society. What conclu- 
 sion do they establish? They prove that the social mobility 
 of a democracy, which permits the excellent and well-endowed 
 of either sex to rise and to seek out each other, and which 
 gives every advantageous variation or sport in a family stock 
 free opportunity to develop, is immeasurably more beneficial 
 
 11 
 
to a nation than any selective in-breeding, founded on class dis- 
 tinctions, which has ever been devised. Since democracy has 
 every advantage for producing in due season and proportion 
 the best human types, it is reasonable to expect that science 
 and literature, music and art, and all the finer graces of society 
 will develop and thrive in America, as soon as the more urgent 
 tasks of subduing a wilderness and organizing society upon 
 an untried plan are fairly accomplished. 
 
 Such are some of the reasons drawn from experience for be- 
 lieving that our ship of state is stout and sound ; but she sails — 
 
 * * * the sea 
 Of storm-engendering liberty — 
 
 the happiness of the greatest number her destined haven. Her 
 safety requires incessant watchfulness and readiness. With- 
 out trusty eyes on the lookout and a prompt hand at the wheel, 
 the stoutest ship may be dismantled by a passing squall. It is 
 only intelligence and discipline which carry the ship to its port. 
 — From an essay, The Working of the American Democracy, 
 in "American Contributions to Civilization," by Charles W. 
 Eliot, former president of Harvard University. 
 
 It seems to me that the principal means of preserving use- 
 ful families in democratic society ought to be fully discussed; 
 because the family, rather than the individual, is the important 
 social unit ; because the perpetuation of sound families is of 
 the highest social interest ; and because the democratic form of 
 government is that form which in a few years, or a few gen- 
 erations, will prevail all over the civilized world. To that dis- 
 cussion I venture to contribute the following considerations : 
 
 It must be observed, in the first place, that the social free- 
 dom and mobility which permit every superior person to rise 
 to his appropriate level in democratic society would be doubt- 
 ful advantages if for every person or family which should rise 
 another should sink. If society as a whole is to gain by mo- 
 bility and openness of structure, those who rise must stay up 
 in successive generations, that the higher levels of society may 
 be constantly enlarged, and that the proportion of pure, gentle, 
 
 12 
 
magnanimous and refined persons may be steadily increased. 
 New-risen talent should reinforce the upper ranks. New fami- 
 lies' rising to eminent station should be additions to those which 
 already hold high place in the regard of their neighbors, and 
 should not be merely substitutes for decaying families. In 
 feudal society, when a man had once risen to high rank, there 
 were systematic arrangements, like primogeniture and entailed 
 estates, for keeping his posterity in the same social order. A 
 democratic society sanctions no such arrangements, and does 
 not need them ; yet, for the interests of the state, the assured 
 permanence of superior families is quite as important as the 
 free starting of such families. 
 
 Before going further, I ought to explain what I mean by 
 good, superior family stocks. I certainly do not mean merely 
 rich families. Some rich families are physically and morally 
 superior; others are not. Obviously, in our country sudden 
 and inordinate wealth makes it not easier, but harder, to bring 
 up a family well. Neither do I have sole reference to profes- 
 sional or other soft-handed people who live in cities. On the 
 contrary, such persons often lack the physical vigor which is 
 essential to a good family stock. I have in mind sturdy, hard- 
 working, capable and trustworthy people, who are generally 
 in comfortable circumstances simply because their qualities are 
 those which command reasonable material, as well as moral, 
 success. I have in mind, for instance, a family whose mem- 
 bers have multiplied and thriven in one New England village 
 for 130 years, always industrious, well-to-do and respected, but 
 never rich or highly educated, working with their hands, hold- 
 ing town and county offices, leading in village enterprises, in- 
 dependent, upright and robust. I have in mind the thousand 
 family stocks which are represented by graduates, at intervals, 
 for one hundred years or more, on the catalogues of Harvard 
 and Yale colleges' — families in which comfort, education and 
 good character have been transmitted, if riches or high place 
 have not. The men of a good family stock may be farmers, 
 mechanics, professional men, merchants, or that sort of men of 
 leisure who work hard for the public. But while I give this 
 broad meaning to the term "good family stocks,'' I hold that 
 one kind of family ought especially to be multiplied and per- 
 
 13 
 
petuated, namely, the family in which gentle manners, culti- 
 vated tastes and honorable sentiments are hereditary. Democ- 
 racy must show that it can not only ameliorate the average lot, 
 but also produce, as the generations pass, a larger proportion 
 of hig^hly cultivated people than any other form of govern- 
 ment. 
 
 What, then, are the means of perpetuating good family 
 stocks in a democracy? The first is country life. In this re- 
 gard, democracies have much to learn from those European 
 aristocracies which have proved to be durable. All the vig- 
 orous aristocracies of past centuries lived in the country a 
 large part of the year. The men were soldiers and sportsmen, 
 for the most part, and lived on detached estates sparsely peo- 
 pled by an argicultural and martial tenantry. They were 
 oftener in camp than in the town or city. Their women lived 
 in castles, halls or chateaux in the open country almost the 
 whole year, and their children were born and brought up 
 there. The aristocratic and noble families of modern Europe 
 still have their principal seats in the country, and go to town 
 only for a few months of the year. These customs maintain 
 vigor of body and equability of mind. It is not necessary, 
 however, to go to Europe to find illustrations of modes of life 
 favorable to the healthy development and preservation of su- 
 perior families. In the last century, and in the early part of 
 this century, the country minister and the country lawyer in 
 New England were often founders, or members by descent, of 
 large and vigorous family stocks, in which well-being and well- 
 doing were securely transmitted. Their lives were tranquil, 
 simple, not too laborious and sufficiently intellectual ; and their 
 occupations took them much out of doors. They had a recog- 
 nized leadership in the village communities where they made 
 their homes, and also in the commonwealth at large. They 
 took thought for education in general, and for the recruiting of 
 their own professions ; and they had a steadying and uplifting- 
 sense of responsibility for social order and progress, and for 
 state righteousness. In many cases they transmitted their 
 professions in their own families. So excellent were these com- 
 bined conditions for bringing up robust and capable families, 
 that today a large proportion of New England families of con- 
 
 14 
 
spicuous merit are descended on one side or the other from 
 a minister or a lawyer. 
 
 In American society of today the conditions of professional 
 and business life are ordinarily unfavorable to the establish- 
 ment of families in the country. ''' * * A very practical 
 question, then, is how to resist, in the interest of the family, 
 the tendency to live in cities and in large towns. For families 
 in easy circumstances there is' no better way than that which 
 European experience has proved to be good, namely, the pos- 
 session of two houses, one in the country and the other in the 
 city, the first to be occupied for the larger part of the year; 
 but this method is costly, and involves a good many things 
 not noticed at first sight. * * * During the past thirty 
 years there has been in the Eastern States a great increase in 
 the number of families using two houses, and the tendency in 
 such families has been to spend a longer and longer time in the 
 country or by the seaside. 
 
 The next change for the better to be noticed is the adop- 
 tion of suburban life by great numbers of families, both poor 
 and well-to-do, the heads of which must do their daily work 
 in cities. Recent improvements in steam and electric railway 
 transportation make it easy for a family man, whose work is 
 in the city from eig^it or nine o'clock to five or six o'clock, to 
 live fifteen or even twenty miles from his office or shop. The 
 chances are strong that the death-rate in an open-built suburb, 
 provided with good water and good sewers', will be decidedly 
 lower than in the city; indeed, "that it will not be more than 
 from one-half to three-quarters of the city death-rate. In the 
 5uburb are better air, more sun and more tranquil life. 
 
 A third mode of combating the ill effects of density of pop- 
 ulation, and of giving city families some of the advantages of 
 country life, is by increasing in cities the provision of public 
 squares, gardens, boulevards and public parks'. The city open 
 square or garden is one thing, and the city park quite another ; 
 the former being properly an open-air sitting-room or nursery 
 for the neighboring people, the second being a large piece of 
 open country brought into the city. Both are needful in much 
 larger number and area than it has been the custom to provide 
 in American cities. It is important also to cultivate among our 
 
 15 
 
people the habit of using all the squares and parks they have, 
 for Americans are very far behind Europeans in the intelli- 
 gent use of such reservations. 
 
 I venture to state next the proposition that a permanent 
 family should have a permanent dwelling-place, domicile or 
 home town. In older societies this has always been the case. 
 Indeed, a place often lent its name to a family. In American 
 society the identification of a family with a place is compara- 
 tively rare. In American cities and large towns there are yet 
 no such things as permanent family houses. Even in the old- 
 est cities of the East, hardly any family lives in a single house 
 through the whole of a generation, and two successive genera- 
 tions are rarely born in the same house. Rapid changes of 
 residence are the rule for almost everybody, so that a city di- 
 rectory which is more than one year old is untrustworthy for 
 home addresses'. The quick growth of the chief American 
 cities, and the conversion of residence quarters into business 
 quarters, partly account for the nomadic habits of their in- 
 habitants ; but the inevitable loss of social dignity and repose, 
 and the diminution of local pride and public spirit, are just 
 as grevious as if there were no such physical causes for the 
 restlessness of the population. The human mind can scarcely 
 attribute dignity and social consideration to a family which 
 lives in a hotel, or which moves into a new flat every first of 
 May. 
 
 In the country, however, things are much better. In the 
 older States there are many families which have inhabited the 
 same town for several generations, a few which have inhabited 
 the same house for three generations, and many farms that 
 have been in the same family for several generations ; and in 
 more and more cases prosperous men, who have made money 
 in business or by their professions, return to the places where 
 their ancestors lived, and repossess themselves of ancestral 
 farms which had pased into other hands. In the country it 
 is quite possible, under a democratic form of government, that 
 a permanent family should have a permanent dwelling; and 
 in any village or rural town such a family dwelling is always 
 an object of interest and satisfaction. To procure, keep and 
 transmit such a homestead is a laudable family ambition. It 
 
 16 
 
can be accomplished wherever testamentary dispositions are 
 free, and the object in view is considered a reasonable and de- 
 sirable one. It must be confessed, however, that very few 
 country houses in the United States have thus far been built 
 to last. We build cheap, fragile and combustible dwellings, 
 which, as a rule, are hardly more durable than the paper houses 
 of the Japanese. Nevertheless, our families might at least do 
 as well as the Japanese families, which are said to live a thou- 
 sand or fifteen hundred years on the same spot, although in a 
 series of slight houses. 
 
 The next means of promoting family permanence is the 
 transmission of a family business or occupation from father 
 to sons. In all old countries this inheritance of a trade, shop 
 or profession is a matter of course ; but in our new society, 
 planted on a fresh continent, it has not been necessary thus 
 far for every family to avail itself, in the struggle for a good 
 living, of the advantage which inherited aptitude gives. But 
 as population grows denser and competition for advantageous 
 occupations grows more strenuous, and as industries become 
 more refined and more subdivided, the same forces which have 
 produced the transmission of occupations' in families in Eu- 
 rope and Asia will produce it here. * * * 
 
 The most important of all aids in perpetuating sound fam- 
 ily stocks is education. Whatever level of education a family 
 has reached in one generation, that level at least should be at- 
 tained by the succeeding generation. It is a bad sign of fam- 
 ily continuance if a farmer, who was himself sent away from 
 home to a country academy for two or three terms, does not 
 give his son the same or a corres])onding opportunity. It is 
 a bad sign if a clerk in the city, who himself went through the 
 high school, is content that his son should stop at the gram- 
 mar school. It is a bad sign if a professional man, whose fath- 
 er sent him to college, cannot do as much for his son. Dimin- 
 ution of educational privileges in a family generally means 
 either decline in material prosperity or loss of perception of 
 mental and spiritual values. The latter loss is a deal worse 
 than loss of property in its effect on family permanence ; for 
 low intelectual and moral standards are fatal to family worth, 
 whereas countless excellent families meet with reverses in 
 
 17 
 
business, suffer losses by flood or fire, or confide in untrust- 
 worthy persons, and yet survive with all their inherent men- 
 tal and spiritual excellences. In a righteous democracy the 
 qualities which make a family permanent are purity, integrity, 
 common sense and well-directed ambition. Neither plain liv- 
 ing nor rich living is essential, but high thinking is. Now, the 
 ultimate object of education, whether elementary, secondary, 
 or higher, is to develop high thinking. What, for example, is 
 the prime object of teaching a child to read? Is' it that he may 
 be able to read a w^ay bill, a promissory note, or an invoice? 
 Is it that he may be able to earn his living? No! These are 
 merely incidental and comparatively insignificant advantages. 
 The prime object is to expand his intelligence, to enrich his 
 imagination, to introduce him to all the best human types both 
 of the past and of the present, to give him the key to all knowl- 
 edge, to fill him with wonder and awe, and to inspire him with 
 hope and love. Nothing less than this' is the object of learning 
 to read; nothing better or more vital than this is the object of 
 the most prolonged and elaborate education. The improve- 
 ment of the human being in all his higher attributes and powers 
 is the true end ; other advantages are reaped on the way, but 
 the essential gain is a purified, elevated and expanded mind. 
 We often hear it said that high school graduates have learned 
 too much, or have been trained out of their sphere — whatever 
 that may mean — and that colleges do not produce the captains 
 of industry. Such criticisms fly very wide of their mark. They 
 do not conform to the facts, and they betray in those who 
 make them a fundamental misconception of the ultimate ob- 
 ject of all education. The object of education and of family 
 life is not to promote industry and trade ; rather the supreme 
 object of all industry and trade is to promote education and 
 the normal domestic joys. We should not live to work, but 
 work to live — live in the home aft'ections, in the knowledge and 
 love of nature, in the delights' of reading and contemplation, 
 in the search for truth, and in the worship of the beautiful 
 and good. In urging this view of the object of education, I 
 have presented the only argument needed to convince a fair- 
 minded man that the family which would last must look to 
 the education of its children. * * * 
 
 18 
 
If adequate laws and institutions provide for the safe hold- 
 ing and transmission of property, whatever promotes thrift 
 and accumulation of property in families promotes family 
 permanence. Democracy distrusts exaggerated accumulations 
 of property in single hands ; but it firmly believes in private 
 property to that extent which aflfords reasonable privacy for 
 the family, promotes family continuance and gives full play 
 to the family motive for making soil, sea and all other natural 
 resources productive for human uses. Thus democratic leg- 
 islation incorporates and protects savings banks, trust com- 
 panies, insurance companies of all kinds, benefit societies and 
 co-operative loan and building associations, which are all use- 
 ful institutions for promoting thrift, if they are vigilantly 
 watched and wisely controlled by the state. But the most di- 
 rect legislative contribution to family permanence, apart from 
 marriage and divorce laws, is to be found in the laws regulat- 
 ing the transmission of land, buildings, implements, wagons, 
 vessels, household goods and domestic animals, both by will 
 or contract and in the absence of will or contract. The great 
 majority of families hold no other kinds of property than 
 these, the ancient and universal kinds. Stocks and bonds, 
 forms of property which have practically been created within 
 forty years, are held only by an insignificant proportion of 
 families; so that legislation affecting unfavorably the trans- 
 mission of these new forms of property from one generation 
 to another could not be very injurious to the family as an in- 
 stitution. For example, succession taxes on stocks and bonds 
 might be imposed without serious' harm. On the other hand, 
 any legislation which should destroy or greatly impair the 
 inheritable value of land, or of improvements on land, would 
 be a heavy blow at family permanence, particularly in a state 
 where land is for the most part owned by the occupiers. The 
 farm, the village lot and the town or city house with its ap- 
 purtenances and contents, constitute transmissible family prop- 
 erty in the vast majority of cases. In the interests of the fam- 
 ily, democratic legislation on inheritances should chiefly re- 
 gard, not the few estates which are counted in hundreds of 
 thousands' of dollars, but the millions which are counted in 
 hundreds of dollars. Inheritances of a few hundreds of dol- 
 
 19 
 
lars have a great importance from the point of view of family 
 permanence; for most inheritances are on that scale, and five 
 hundred dollars means a favorable start in life for any young 
 working man or woman. The proposal to destroy by taxation 
 the transmissible value of land seems to be aimed at the few 
 unreasonably rich, but it would strike hardest the frugal and 
 hard-working millions. 
 
 Lastly, family permanence is promoted by the careful 
 training of successive generations in truth, gentleness, purity 
 and honor. It is a delightful fact that these noble qualities 
 are in the highest degree hereditary, and just as much so in a 
 democratic as in an aristocratic society. They are to be ac- 
 quired also by imitation and association ; so that a good family 
 stock almost invariably possesses and transmits some of them. 
 Truth is the sturdiest and commonest of these virtues ; gentle- 
 ness is a rarer endowment ; purity and honor are the finest and 
 rarest of them all. In a gentleman or lady they are all com- 
 bined. Democratic society has already proved that ladies and 
 gentlemen can be made much more quickly than people used 
 to suppose ; but since it has been in existence hardly one hun- 
 dred years, it has not yet had time to demonstrate its full ef- 
 fect in producing and multiplying the best family stocks. It 
 has already done enough, however, to justify us' in believing 
 that in this important respect, as in many others, it will prove 
 itself the best of all forms of social organization. 
 
 Does any one ask. Why take so much thought for the 
 permanence of superior families? I reply that the family is 
 the main object of all the striving and struggling of most 
 men, and that the welfare of the family is the ultimate end 
 of all industry, trade, education and government. If the fam- 
 ily under a democratic form of government is prosperous and 
 permanent, the state, and civilization itself, will be safer and 
 safer through all generations. — From an ess^Lj, Family Stocks 
 in a Democracy, in "American Contributions' to Civilization," 
 by Charles W. Eliot. 
 
 A democratic structure of society imposes new duties on 
 public education, and demands of it a great variety of new 
 services. The freedom of individual action which character- 
 
 20 
 
izes a democracy results in great inequalities of condition ; and 
 the immense material resources of modern democratic society 
 create an endless variety of occupations and grades of service- 
 ableness, which match an endless variety of capacity in the 
 individual citizens. Democratic wealth and democratic edu- 
 cation combine to create among the citizens many different 
 levels of serviceableness, and many different grades of physical 
 refinement and mental cultivation. In a democracy education 
 is the chief factor in determining the social classification, al- 
 though birth contributes, since birth often determines the early 
 material and spiritual environment. 
 
 The education of the child, as Rabelais, Montaigne, Comen- 
 ius, Locke, Rousseau and Pestalozzi understood education, is 
 the only way in a democracy of transmitting high position from 
 one generation to another. The transmission of mere money 
 will not accomplish this result ; and, moreover, intellectual and 
 artistic tastes and personal excellences of body and soul are 
 more surely transmissible than property. ^ ^ * The idea 
 that useful knowledge can not be cultural must be dismissed. 
 * * * In order to preserve what has already been won, col- 
 lectivism must provide for the transmission not only of the 
 skill of the artisan, but of his right spirit in work. * * * 
 It demands that every kind of education shall produce useful 
 men, filled with the spirit of serviceableness. * * * In ed- 
 ucation — which is a slow process— the attention of reformers 
 is always concentrated upon modification, amelioration or 
 transformation, and they are quite sure that these changes 
 require for complete fulfillment, not days or years, but gen- 
 erations. 
 
 * * * Public education and the cultivation in selected 
 individuals of the power to imagine, invent and co-ordinate 
 have kept pace with the amazing material development of the 
 nineteenth century .-^Charles W. Eliot, former president of 
 Harvard University, in ''The Conflict Between Individualism 
 and Collectivism in a Democracy." 
 
 It must be remembered that ability is not identical \yith 
 eminence. Ability is the product of ancestry and training. 
 
 21 
 
Eminence is an accident of social conditions. — From "The 
 American People," by John R. Commons. 
 
 In education it is not sufficient to be merely accurate. It 
 is necessary to hold fast to the higihest ideal. Once this ideal 
 gains control of a student's life, that student will undertake 
 faithfully and courageously whatever duties lie before him, 
 whether they concern his professional life, his social life, or 
 his country's service. — From "The Educated Man and the 
 State," by Henry S. Pritchett. 
 
 In any system of education, classic, scientific or manual, 
 accuracy and idealism are far more important than mere knowl- 
 edge. For the formation of habits of accuracy and the de- 
 velopment of ideals are themselves the very essence of char- 
 acter-building. — From "Education and Religion," by Arthur T. 
 Hadley, president of Yale University. 
 
 I would not be understood as advocating mere learning. 
 The gentleman of culture who simply enjoys his culture and 
 his superiority has no place in the world today. The scholar 
 should be a patriot in a large sense. The age demands expres- 
 sion. The church is less than ever satisfied with mere sub- 
 jective religious enjoyment, it engages in practical work for 
 humanity. * * * Education is not education unless it 
 stimulates self-activity.— From "American Problems," by 
 James H. Baker. 
 
 "In France," said Sainte-Beuve, "the first consideration for 
 us is not whether we are amused and pleased by a work of art 
 or mind, nor is it whether we are touched by it. What we 
 seek above all to learn is, whether we were right in being 
 amused with it, and in applauding it, and in being moved by 
 it." And Mr. Mathew Arnold, who translates this passage, 
 adds that, "These are very remarkable words, and they are, I 
 believe, in the main, quite true. A Frenchman has, to a con- 
 siderable degree what one may call a conscience in intellectual 
 matters ; he has an active belief that there is a right and wrong 
 in them, that he is bound to honor and obey the right, that he 
 
 22 
 
is disgraced by cleaving to the wrong." The conscience that 
 all the world has in moral matters, the Frenchman has also in 
 intellectual — and especially in literary matters. 
 
 The intellectual conscience is necessary to the cultivation 
 and conservation of good taste and the highest enjoyment in 
 all things. It is the product of high intellectual power and 
 discrimination and is fostered both by correct social and ma- 
 terial environment and the tendencies that are latent in 
 heredity. 
 
 The spirit of the Society of Sons of the Revolution is not 
 to dififerentiate its members from society at large, but to be 
 useful in a patriotic way and to preserve to its members all 
 those advantages that belong to old families and long lines of 
 descent, with the qualities that give those advantages. Thus 
 the members may be stronger to assist in leavening society 
 with those qualities that a worthy pride in clean and honorable 
 family history and tradition contribute to the general wel- 
 fare. This spirit is the spirit of morality and gentility and 
 fellowship and not of snobbery and of narrow and conceited 
 aristocracy. It is the spirit of aristocracy in the original and 
 best meaning of that word, the spirit of the best citizenship. 
 The Society's social motive is to preserve and cultivate in its 
 members those refinements and forces of character that have 
 distinguished the best people of all times and all nations. — 
 From"'The Book of the Sons of the Revolution in Indiana, 
 Number Two." 
 
 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE GENERAL SOCIETY OF 
 SONS OF THE REVOLUTION. 
 
 The Society of the Cincinnati was instituted at the canton- 
 ment of the American army on the Hudson River, the thir- 
 teenth day of May, 1783. The articles of association contained 
 the following provisions: "To perpetuate, therefore, as well 
 the remembrance of this vast event [American freedom and 
 independence], as the mutual friendships which have been 
 formed under the pressure of common danger, and in many 
 instances cemented by the blood of the parties, the officers of 
 the American army do hereby, in the most solemn manner, 
 
 23 
 
associate, constitute and combine themselves into one society 
 of friends, to endure as long as they shall endure, or any of 
 their eldest male posterity, and in failure thereof, the collat- 
 eral branches, who may be judged worthy of becoming its 
 supporters and members." 
 
 All officers of the American army, as well as those who 
 resigned with honor, after three years' service in the capacity 
 of officers, or who had been rendered supernumerary and hon- 
 orably discharged, in one of the several reductions of the army, 
 or who had continued to the end of the war, and all French 
 officers who served in the co-operating army under Count 
 d'Estaing, or auxiliary army under Count de Rochambeau, and 
 held or attained the rank of Colonel for such services, or who 
 had commanded a French fleet or ship of war on the American 
 coast, were entitled to become original members. 
 
 The Cincinnati is organically one society, but, for conven- 
 ience, is subdivided into State societies, there being thirteen. 
 A society was also instituted in France under the direct pat- 
 ronage of Louis XVI, but was dispersed in the Reign of Ter- 
 ror in 1793. On the original roll of membership appeared the 
 names of nearly all the great historic military and naval char- 
 acters of the Revolution. George Washington and Alexander 
 Hamilton were early officers of the general society. 
 
 The establishment of the Cincinnati met with a most bitter 
 opposition throughout the young nation. By Jefferson, Samuel 
 and John Adams, Gerry, Jay, Franklin and many others dis- 
 tinguished in the civil departments of the government, it was 
 denounced as an order of chivalry, making rapid strides to- 
 wards an hereditary military nobility, sowing the seeds of 
 vanity, ambition, corruption, discord and sedition. In 1784 
 several objectionable features of the organic law were recom- 
 mended to be changed, but, notwithstanding these recommen- 
 dations were embodied in a letter by General Washington to 
 the State societies, and were endorsed by him, the changes 
 were not made. Franklin got a new impression of the society 
 when he returned from France, and on July 7th, 1789, he was 
 elected a member of the Pennsylvania Society and partici- 
 pated in its meetings. 
 
 If maintained upon its present foundation, especially as re- 
 
 24 
 
gards the succession, confined to the male order of primo- 
 geniture, the Cincinnati will, in time, become extinct. The 
 Sons of the Revolution will then be called upon to perpetuate 
 its glories and keep its memory green. It was in March, 188^. 
 that Hamilton Fish, President-General of the Cincinnati, said, 
 "I regard the Society of Sons of the Revolution as a younger 
 brother of the Cincinnati, laboring to perpetuate the same prin- 
 ciples and inheriting the same memories which belonged to 
 the Cincinnati." 
 
 The origin of the Sons of the Revolution, the second pa- 
 triotic society, built on a more permanent basis, is interesting. 
 
 With December 16th, 1873, the centennial of the Boston 
 Tea Party, commenced a notable sequence of official and pub- 
 lic celebrations commemorating the heroic occurrences in our 
 great struggle for independence, which aroused to activity the 
 hearts of those who cherished the deeds of their ancestors. 
 
 The Society of the Cincinnati had ceased to exist in most 
 of the original States, and where it had retained its autonomy 
 it had become inconsiderable in numbers, and, refraining from 
 participation with other organizations in the celebration of na- 
 tional events, it had practically resolved itself into an exclusive 
 social aristocrac}^, and lost its influence as a leader in the com- 
 memoration of the military campaigns of our history. 
 
 This condition of its affairs made a deep impression upon 
 the minds of many who were jealous of the brilliant fame of 
 that society, and it was hoped that the present advent of cen- 
 tennial years would be propitious for restoring that order to 
 its original position of ascendancy. 
 
 Mr. John Austin Stevens presented the subject to the Hon- 
 orable Hamilton Fish, the President-General, representing that 
 there was no organized body, other than the Cincinnati, to take 
 the lead in patr'iotic observances ; that the dissolution of most 
 of the State associations, and the rapidly decreasing member- 
 ship of the others, most surely indicated the ultimate extinc- 
 tion of the entire Society, unless its doors were opened for an 
 increase in numbers, and he urged that the institution be so 
 amended that all male descendants of original subscribers, or 
 of any officer who was entitled to membership, might be eli- 
 gible 'for membership into that organization. The suggestion 
 
 25 
 
was received in a kindly spirit, but Mr. Stevens was informed 
 that the unanimous sentiment of the Cincinnati prohibited any 
 departure from the precedents of nearly a century, and no 
 change could be made from the established rule of eligibility. 
 
 Mr. Stevens was gravely impressed by these conditions. 
 
 Endowed with the profound erudition of the discriminating 
 historian, with a thorough comprehension of the emotions and 
 passions which control all human action, and gifted with that 
 acuteness of philosophical reasoning which so surely arrives 
 at unequivocal conclusions, he felt that the time was ripe for 
 the organization of a great patriotic society upon the broadest 
 foundations of association, catholic as to its membership in 
 right of ancestors of the Revolution, and which might be made 
 a factor for good in the direction of public affairs and the in- 
 culcation of principles of honor and patriotism in the hearts 
 of the young. 
 
 With faith in the goodness of his cause, he presented the 
 matter to those of his associates whom he knew to be in full 
 accord with his sentiments, and on the eighteenth day of De- 
 cember, 1875, in the rooms of the New York Historical So- 
 ciety, a meeting was held to discuss the feasibility of this 
 project. 
 
 The proposition of Mr. Stevens was heartily endorsed, and. 
 by a happy inspiration, a name unique and descriptive was se- 
 lected for the new society. 
 
 In 1765, on nearly the same spot, and under the vows of 
 Masonic secrecy, was organized "The Sons of Liberty," whose 
 purpose was resistance to the Stamp Act, and the insidious en- 
 croachment of England upon the rights of the Colonies. The 
 movement spread rapidly from Boston to Savannah, and its 
 members were the leaders in all those aggressive acts of op- 
 position which finally compelled a repeal of the law. 
 
 The term "Sons of Liberty" was first used by Colonel Barre 
 in one of his speeches before Parliament, denouncing its 
 despotic course toward America. 
 
 In adopting the name, "Sons of the Revolution," the com- 
 mittee chose an appellation significant of its purpose to con- 
 serve those eternal principles of honor, patriotism, liberty and 
 justice, the heritage from "The Sons of Liberty," and which 
 
 26 
 
name we hope most devoutly will endure until time shall end. 
 
 A second meeting was had at the same place on January 
 15, 1876, when Mr. Stevens presented a constitution which, 
 after thoughtful consideration, was unanimously approved and 
 signed by all who were present. 
 
 This was the institution of the Society of Sons of the 
 Revolution, and Mr. Stevens was requested to make such pub- 
 lic announcement of the fact as he might think suitable. He 
 issued the following circular letter: 
 ''Sons of the Revolution : 
 
 "The society of the Cincinnati, founded at West Point by 
 the officers' of the Army of the Revolution in 1783, originally 
 limited its membership to descendants of officers in the elder 
 branch, and with a temporary and short variation from the 
 rule, has ever maintained its restriction. 
 
 'The approach of the Centennial Anniversary of American 
 Independence is an appropriate time for the formation of a 
 society on a broader basis, which may include all descendants 
 of those who served with the Army of the Revolution. 
 
 "The undersigned have formed themselves into a society 
 under the name of 
 
 'SONS OF THE REVOLUTION,' 
 and invite the membership of all who, like themselves, are 
 descendants of officers or soldiers of the Revolutionary Army. 
 
 "The object of the society is to take part in the Centennial 
 Exhibition at Philadelphia. 
 
 "A meeting will be held for organization at the rooms of 
 the New York Historical Society on the morning of Tuesday, 
 the 22d of February, next (1876), at 12 o'clock. 
 
 "All persons having a right and desire to become members 
 may send their names and the names of those they represent 
 to the undersigned (Box 88, Station 'D,' New York Post 
 Office) . JOHN AUSTIN STEVENS." 
 
 But few acceptances of this invitation were received, and, 
 deferring further action, Mr. Stevens awaited with patience a 
 more propitious occasion to present the features of this new 
 society. 
 
 At the close of the year 1883, the centennial anniversaries 
 
 27 
 
of the evacuation of New York, and of Washington's last meet- 
 ing with his officers, were events which indicated to Mr. 
 Stevens and his associates that the time had come for a suc- 
 cessful and permanent establishment of the order. 
 
 Elaborate preparations were made for a dinner at Fraunce's 
 tavern, to be given on December 4, 1883, in commemoration of 
 the close of Washington's military career, in that afifectionate 
 and pathetic farewell to his officers, "With a heart full of love 
 and gratitude, I now take leave of you. I most devoutly wish 
 that your latter days may be prosperous and happy as your 
 former ones have been glorious and honorable." 
 
 Here, at the time indicated, in the identical "long room" 
 used by Washington and his men, assembled a company of 
 representative New York citizens, gentlemen distinguished in 
 the mercantile world and in the walks of science, literature, 
 medicine, jurisprudence and the church. 
 
 A souvenir of this banquet is the white and gold Haviland 
 porcelain turtle bowl, upon which was burned in blue the 
 portrait of Washington, with the legend in red: 
 
 "COMMEMORATION FEAST, 
 IN HONOR OF THE ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVER- 
 SARY OF WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL TO HIS 
 OFFICERS. AT THE LONG ROOM, 
 FRAUNCES' TAVERN, 
 TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 4, 1883." 
 
 The constitution of the Society of Sons of the Revolution 
 was presented by Mr. Stevens and his associates, and it was 
 received with enthusiastic acclaim. The original document 
 was brought from the archives of the Historical Society where 
 it had been deposited, and it was signed by all present who 
 were eligible by Revolutionary descent, more than forty gen- 
 tlemen affixing their signatures, and the New York Society 
 was organized by the election of John Austin Stevens, Presi- 
 dent ; John Cochrane,* Vice-President ; Austin Huntington, 
 Secretary, and George H. Potts, Treasurer. 
 
 On the twenty-ninth day of April, 1884, a certificate of in- 
 corporation was executed by the following gentlemen : John 
 Austin Stevens, John Cochrane, Austin Huntington, George H. 
 
 * Member of the Society of the Cincinnati. 
 
 28 
 
Potts, Frederick S. Tallmadge, George W. W. Houghton, Asa 
 Bird Gardiner, Thomas H. Edsall, Joseph W. Drexel, James 
 Mortimer Montgomery, James Duane Livingstone, Alexander 
 R. Thompson, Jr., and John Bleeker Miller, and on May 2, 
 1884, Judge George C. Barrett signed the certificate of incor- 
 poration. 
 
 Public attention was immediately attracted to this new so- 
 ciety, and an increase of membership followed, not alone from 
 New York, but from the adjoining states. At the annual elec- 
 tion of 1884, Mr. Frederick Samuel Tallmadge was elected 
 President, in which office he was continued for the remainder 
 of his life, and George Washington Wright Houghton was 
 chosen Secretary, serving until 1886, when he was succeeded 
 by James Mortimer Montgomery. Upon the organization of 
 the General Society at Washington, on April 19, 1890, Mr. 
 Montgomery was elected General Secretary, but the great 
 prosperity of the New York Society, resulting from his ener- 
 getic labors, had been so marked that its members insisted he 
 should continue in the charge of its affairs. In 1893, however, 
 the accumulation of work in the General Society made it im- 
 possible for him to retain both positions, and he declined a re- 
 election by New York. 
 
 At the time of the centennial celebration of the adoption 
 of the constitution of the United States, this society had 
 increased to upwards of four hundred members, and the mate- 
 rial of which this membership was composed was of such 
 substantial and good standing in the community that when a 
 committee of two hundred was appointed by the Mayor from 
 among the citizens of New York to take the management of 
 the magnificent celebration, thirty-six of its members were 
 found to be members of the Society of Sons of the Revolution. 
 A number of them were again placed upon the most important 
 sub-committees, and were intrusted with the most responsible 
 and laborious duties. The Society itself was given the highest 
 place of honor next to the Society of the Cincinnati, and 
 paraded as an escort to the President to their full number. 
 
 Societies were next organized in Pennsylvania and the Dis- 
 trict of Columbia. 
 
 In the early part of 1890, the large increase of membership 
 
 29 
 
in New York, Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia, and 
 the unanimous manifestation of a desire for a closer bond of 
 association between these societies, and the establishment of 
 some general rules under which their proceedings might be 
 harmonized, resulted in the appointment of committees from 
 New York and Pennsylvania to consider the feasibility of a 
 union, and report their joint action to their several societies. 
 The committee appointed from New York consisted of George 
 Clinton Genet, Chairman ; Charles H. Woodrufif, John J. Riker, 
 John G. Floyd and Alexander R. Thompson, Jr. Pennsylvania 
 appointed Richard McCall Cadwalader, Chairman ; J. Edward 
 Carpenter, J. Granville Leach, Clifford Stanley Sims and Her- 
 man Burgin. 
 
 At a conference of these committees in Philadelphia, Feb- 
 ruary 12, 1890, to which was added Mr. Arthur Henry Button 
 from the District of Columbia, the fundamental principles for 
 a general society were evolved, and to Mr. Sims was given the 
 honor of drawing a constitution. 
 
 Clifford Stanley Sims was a justice of the New Jersey 
 Court of Errors and Appeals, and, for many years. President 
 of the New Jersey Society of Cincinnati. In the draft of a 
 constitution for the Sons of the Revolution, he took as a model 
 the institution of the Cincinnati. A comparative analysis of 
 the two instruments will disclose how closely he followed such 
 of the sections of the institution as were appropriate for the 
 new society, adopting, in many portions, the exact language 
 of the original document; and in submitting the result of his 
 labors, he stated that he had omitted provisions for amend- 
 ments, believing the course pursued by the Cincinnati, for such 
 emergencies, to be the best. 
 
 The constitution prepared by Mr. Sims received the ap- 
 proval of the Pennsylvania Society, by which it was unani- 
 mously ratified, and on the following April third, similar action 
 was taken by the District of Columbia Society. 
 
 At a generally attended meeting of New York, held in the 
 Masonic Temple on March 8, 1890, over which Mr. Tallmadge 
 presided, the report of the joint committee, with a draft of the 
 proposed constitution, was presented and enthusiastically ap- 
 proved and ratified, and in pursuance of such action, delegates 
 
 30 
 
were appointed to meet representatives' from Pennsylvania and 
 the District of Columbia in joint convention. 
 
 A great reward was about to be received for the anxious 
 thought and untired labors of eight years, by the establishment 
 of a confederation, modeled upon the relations of the several 
 states to the general government, and wherein the doctrine of 
 state's rights was admitted to an extreme limit. Practically 
 the only limitation upon the powers' of the independent state 
 societies was in the eligibility clause, which is as follows: 
 
 "Any male person above the age of twenty-one years, of 
 good character, and a descendant of one who, as a military, 
 naval or marine officer, soldier, sailor or marine, in actual 
 service, under the authority of any of the thirteen colonies or 
 states', or of the continental congress, and remaining always 
 loyal to such authority, or a descendant of one who signed the 
 Declaration of Independence, or of one who, as a member of the 
 continental congress or of the congress of any of the colonies 
 or states, or as an official appointed by or under the authority 
 of any such legislative bodies, actually assisted in the estab- 
 lishment of American Independence by services rendered dur- 
 ing the War of the Revolution, becoming thereby liable to con- 
 viction of treason against the government of Great Britain, but 
 remaining ahvays loyal to the authority of the colonies or 
 states, shall be eligible to membership in the society." 
 
 So much has been said and written concerning the eligibil- 
 ity provisions for membership in the Society of Sons of the 
 Revolution ; and so many erroneous charges have been made — 
 we charitably believe through misinformation — in regard to the 
 collateral feature embraced in the constitutions of a few of 
 our state societies, that it is thought a relation of that paricular 
 phase of our experiences may be proper in this place, although 
 it anticipates by a few years the logical sequence of events. 
 
 Article 2 of the constitution of the parent society, adopted 
 by that corporation prior to the organization of the General 
 Society, contained the following clause: 
 
 "Provided further: That where there shall be no surviving 
 issue in direct lineal succession from an officer, soldier, sailor, 
 or marine w'ho died or was killed while in actual service as 
 aforesaid, or from an officer who received, by formal resolve, 
 
 31 
 
the appropriation of the continental congress for Revolution- 
 ary services, or from a signer of the Declaration of Independ- 
 ence, the claim of eligibility shall descend and be limited to 
 one representative at a time in the nearest collateral line of 
 descent from such propositus, who may be otherwise qualified 
 as herein required, and to be designated by the Society; and 
 no other descendants in collateral lines shall be admitted in 
 right of any services whatever." 
 
 One of the purposes of the organization of the society, as 
 stated in the preamble, was *'To perpetuate the memory of the 
 men who, in military, naval or civil service, by their acts or 
 council, achieved American independence," and it was felt not 
 only to be an expression of gratitude for the sacrifice of such 
 lives, but an act of justice to those who left no children or 
 children's children, that their names should be perpetuated 
 upon the records, with those, more fortunate, who left a loving 
 posterity. 
 
 The second paragraph of the institution of the Cincinnati 
 states that "The officers of the American army do hereby in 
 the most solemn manner, associate, constitute and combine 
 themselves into one society of friends, to endure as long as 
 they shall endure or any of their eldest male posterity, and in 
 failure thereof the collateral branches who may be judged 
 worthy of becoming its supporters and members." 
 
 Follow^ing the precedent, New^ York adopted the provision 
 for collateral representation ; the restriction that only one rep- 
 resentation should be received, was a safeguard against any 
 honest charge of relaxation of the strict rule for admission. 
 
 The constitution of the New York society was so admirable 
 in its general features, that it w^as the foundation for the 
 constitutions of the other state societies, and in some of them 
 this identical provision for a collateral representation was in- 
 serted, but only two or three states besides New York admitted 
 any one to membership under this restriction. 
 
 At a meeting of the General Societv in Faneuil Hall, on 
 April 19, 1895, Mr. Rukard Hurd, of Minnesota, moved the 
 adoption of the following, viz. : 
 
 ''Resolved, That the General Society directs the attention 
 of state societies' whose constitutions contain eligibility 
 
 32 
 
through collaterals, that the same is in conflict with the consti- 
 tution of the General Society." 
 
 Mr. Charles Henry Jones, of Pennsylvania, seconded the 
 motion and the resolution was unanirnously adopted by states, 
 as well as viva voce. 
 
 The collateral clause was subsequently eliminated from the 
 several state constitutions and the matter has been forever 
 put to rest. 
 
 It has been charged that Americans are a litigious people, 
 and that no legislature or convention ever assembles without 
 having among its number that ubiquitous individual who is 
 always ready with an amendment to established rules of ac- 
 tion ; and the committee which passed upon the constitution 
 drawn by Judge Sims, having before them the precedents of 
 the Cincinnati, actuated by the same ideas that prevailed in the 
 construction of that institution, and for the purpose of safe- 
 guarding the rights of the weaker states against undesired 
 amendments to the constitution, which might be adopted by 
 merely a majority vote of the preponderating Atlantic influ- 
 ence, very wisely omitted any mode or procedure for change 
 or amendment, and as it is the law of the Cincinnati that no 
 change can be made in its institution without the ''unanimous 
 vote of the representation of all the state societies," so was it 
 intended in this constitution that no amendment could be made 
 against the objection of a single state. This is most explicitly 
 affirmed in the record of the proceedings of the General Society 
 at Trenton, April 23, 1892, at New York, February 16, 1893, 
 and at Baltimore, April 19, 1894, when the law was enunciated 
 and unequivocally sanctioned that no amendment to the con- 
 stitution of the General Society of Sons of the Revolution can 
 become effective without the consent of all the state societies. 
 This has been accepted as the general rule in all subsequent 
 meetings; and, like the subject of collateral eligibility, it must 
 undoubtedly be considered as the settled law of this organiza- 
 tion. 
 
 At Washington, on the nineteenth day of April, 1890, in 
 Chamberlin's Hotel, the deputies from the three societies of 
 New York, Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia were 
 called to order by Mr. Tallmadge, and that assemblage of dis- 
 
 33 
 
tinguished gentlemen effected the consummation of the work 
 so ardently desired. The General Society of Sons of the Revo- 
 lution was established upon the broadest foundations of frater- 
 nal and ancestral association and state equality, and the fol- 
 lowing gentlemen were the first officers elected : 
 General President, 
 Ex-Governor John Lee Carroll, of Maryland. 
 General Vice-President, 
 Major William Wayne, of Pennsylvania. 
 General Secretary, 
 James Mortimer Montgomery, of New York. 
 
 Assistant General Secretary, 
 Timothy Matlack Cheesman, of New York. 
 
 General Treasurer, 
 Richard McCall Cadwalader, of Pennsylvania. 
 Assistant General Treasurer, 
 Arthur Henry Button, of the District of Columbia. 
 General Chaplain, 
 Daniel Cony Weston, D. D., of New York. 
 Mr. John Austin Stevens, the founder of the Society of 
 Sons of the Revolution, belonged to the class of 1846, of Har- 
 vard University. He was grandson of Brevet-Colonel Ebe- 
 nezer Stevens, of the Second Regiment, Continental Corps of 
 Artillery in the Revolution, and is known as the accomplished 
 founder of the Magazine of American History. 
 
 The National Society holds triennial meetings, the next 
 being held in Washington, D. C, April 19, 1911. 
 
 A short history of the Indiana Society of Sons of the Revo- 
 lution may be found in The Book of the Sons of the Revolu- 
 tion in Indiana, Number Two, which may be found in the 
 city library and in the state library. 
 
 Note : A statement of the difference between this Society 
 and the Society of Sons of the American Revolution is pur- 
 posely omitted. The latter society has several times proposed 
 a union, but there are points of difference which make a union 
 impossible. The Sons of the American Revolution was organ- 
 ized in New York, April 30, 1889, and was incorporated in 
 1906. It absorbed a California society of descendants of Revo- 
 lutionary patriots, called the Sons of Revolutionary Sires, 
 
 34 
 
organized July 4, 1875, and oftentimes dates its own origin 
 back to the time of birth of the latter organization. The New 
 York or Empire State Society was organized February 11, 
 1890. Any person desiring information on this subject may 
 consult the following: 
 
 An Explanation of Some of the Differences between the 
 Society of Sons of the Revolution and the Society of Sons of 
 the American Revolution. Printed by Allen, Lane and Scott, 
 P'hiladelphia, 1890. The Army and Navy Journal October 17, 
 1891 ; circular letter of the New York Society, February 22, 
 1893; circular letter of the General Society, Baltimore, April 
 5, 1893; letter of the Alassachusetts Society, October, 1896; 
 Digest of the Proceedings of Meeting of the General Society 
 at Philadelphia, April 19, 1897; Delegates' Reports to the 
 Tennessee Society, October 19, 1897 ; Delegates' Reports to the 
 Massachusetts Society, November 22, 1897. 
 
 CONSTITUTION, INDIANA SOCIETY. 
 
 ARTICLE L 
 Name of Society. 
 
 The Society shall be known by the name, style and title of 
 ''Society of Sons of the Revolution in the State of Indiana." 
 
 ARTICLE II. 
 Objects. 
 
 The objects of the Society are social, educational and pa- 
 triotic, and the Society is formed for the particular purpose 
 of perpetuating the memory of the men who, in military, naval 
 and civil service of the Colonies and of the Continental Con- 
 gress, by their acts or counsel, achieved the Independence of 
 the Country; and to further the proper celebration of the 
 anniversaries of the birthday of Washington and prominent 
 events connected with the War of the Revolution ; to collect 
 and secure for preservation the manuscripts, records and other 
 documents relating to that period ; to inspire the members of 
 the Society with the patriotic spirit of their forefathers ; and 
 to promote the feeling of fellowship among its members. 
 
 35 
 
ARTICLE III. 
 Membership. 
 
 Any male person above the age of 21 years shall be eligible 
 to membership in this Society who is lineally descended from 
 any ancestor as the propositus, who, either as a military, naval 
 or marine officer, soldier, sailor or marine, or official in the 
 service of any one of the thirteen original Colonies or States 
 or of the National Government represented or composed of 
 those Colonies or States, assisted in establishing American 
 Independence during the War of the Revolution, between the 
 19th day of April, 1775, when hostilities commenced, and the 
 19th day of April, 1783, when they were ordered to cease. 
 
 Provided, That when the claim of eligibility is based on the 
 service of an ancestor in the "minute men" or the "militia" it 
 must be satisfactorily shown that such ancestor was actually 
 called into the service of the State or United States and per- 
 formed garrison or field duty; and. 
 
 Provided, That when the claim of eligibility is based on 
 the service of an ancestor as a "sailor" or "marine" it must in 
 like manner be shown that such service was other than shore 
 duty and regularly performed in the Continental Navy, or the 
 navy of one of the original thirteen States, or on an armed 
 vessel, other than a merchant ship, which sailed under letters 
 of marque and reprisal, and that such ancestor of the applicant 
 was duly enrolled in the ship's company either as an officer, 
 seaman or otherwise than as a passenger ; and, 
 
 Provided, further, That when the claim of eligibility is 
 based on the service of an ancestor as an "official" such service 
 must have been performed in the Civil Service of the United 
 States or of one of the thirteen original States, and must have 
 been sufficiently important in character to have rendered the 
 official specially liable to arrest and imprisonment, the same 
 as a combatant, if captured by the enemy, as well as liable to 
 conviction of treason against the government of Great Britain. 
 
 In the construction of this Article the Volunteer Aides-de- 
 Camp of General Officers in Continental Service, who were 
 duly anounced as such and who actually served in the field 
 during a campaign, shall be comprehended as having per- 
 formed qualifying service. 
 
 36 
 
The civil officials and military forces of the State of Ver- 
 mont during the War of the Revolution shall also be compre- 
 hended in the same manner as if they had belonged to one of 
 the thirteen original States. 
 
 No service of an ancestor shall be deemed as qualifying 
 service for membership in this Society where such ancestor, 
 after having assisted in the cause of American Independence, 
 shall have subsequently either adhered to the enemy or failed 
 to maintain an honorable record throughout the War of the 
 Revolution. 
 
 No person shall be admitted as a member of this Society 
 unless he be eligible under one of the provisions of this Article 
 and unless of good moral character and adjudged worthy of 
 becoming a member. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 Officers. 
 
 The officers of the Society shall consist of a President, a 
 First Vice-President, a Second Vice-President, a Third Vice- 
 President, a Fourth Vice-President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, 
 a Registrar, an Historian, a Chaplain, and a Board of Man- 
 agers, who shall be chosen by ballot from among the members 
 thereof annually to serve for the term of one year, or until 
 their successors are elected and qualified. 
 
 Provided, That the tenure of office for any person shall not 
 be more than two years in succession, and that no person 
 shall be eligible for re-election to the office which he has held 
 until one year has elapsed after the end of his term of service. 
 This is not to apply, however, to the Board of Managers and 
 the Historian. 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 Board of Managers. 
 
 The Board of Managers of the Society shall be nineteen in 
 number, namely: The President, the Vice-Presidents, the 
 Secretary, the Treasurer, the Registrar, the Historian and the 
 Chaplain, ex-officio, and nine others, who shall be chosen by 
 ballot from among the members of the Society annually to 
 serve for the term of one year and until their successors are 
 elected and qualified. The Board shall have power to fill va- 
 
 37 
 
cancies ocurring in their own number, and to fill newly created 
 offices between annual meetings. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 Admission of Members. 
 Every application for membership shall be made in writing, 
 subscribed by the applicant and approved by two members 
 over their signatures. Applications shall contain or be accom- 
 panied by proof of eligibility, and such applications and proofs 
 shall be submitted to the Board of Managers, who shall have 
 full power to determine the qualifications of the applicant. 
 Payments of the initiation fee and dues required by the By- 
 Laws of this Society shall be prerequisites of membership. 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 Subjects Prohibited. 
 No question involving religious doctrine or the party poli- 
 tics of the day within the United States shall ever be discussed 
 or considered in any meeting of the Society. 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 Commemorations. 
 It shall be a standing regulation that the members shall, 
 when practicable, hold a commemorative celebration and dine 
 together at least once every year. 
 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 
 Seal and Insignia. 
 
 The Seal of the Society, the Insignia to be worn by the 
 
 members and the rules governing the use of the latter, shall 
 
 be such as are, or may be hereafter, prescribed by the General 
 
 Society of Sons of the Revolution. 
 
 The Secretary shall be the custodian of the seal. 
 The Treasurer of the Society shall procure and issue the 
 Insignia to the members and shall keep a record of all issued 
 by him. Such Insignia shall be returned to the Treasurer 
 by any member who may formally withdraw, resign or be 
 expelled, but otherwise shall be deemed an heirloom. 
 
 No member shall receive more than one badge, unless to 
 replace one, the loss or destruction of w^hich shall first be satis- 
 factorily established. The badge shall never be worn as an 
 article of jewelry. 
 
 38 
 
On occasions other than meetings for any stated purpose 
 or celebration, members may wear a rosette of the prescribed 
 ribbon and pattern in the upper button hole of the left lapel of 
 the coat. The Treasurer shall procure and issue the rosettes 
 to members. 
 
 ARTICLE X. 
 Alterations and Amendments. 
 
 No alterations or amendments of the Constitution of this 
 Society shall be made unless notice thereof be duly given in 
 writing, signed by the member proposing the same, at a meet- 
 ing of the Society, and unless the same shall be adopted at a 
 subsequent meeting by a vote of three-fourths of the members 
 present, and in the notices issued for such meeting the fact 
 shall be stated that a proposed amendment to the Constitution 
 will be considered. 
 
 BY-LAWS, INDIANA SOCIETY. 
 
 SECTION I. 
 Fees, Dues and Contributions. 
 
 The initiation fee shall be two dollars ; the annual dues 
 three dollars, payable on or before the 1st day of October in 
 each year. 
 
 Provided, That all new members shall pay pro rata from 
 the date of their admission. The payment at one time of fifty 
 ($50) dollars shall constitute a life membership. The pay- 
 ment at one time of one hundred ($100) dollars shall consti- 
 tute a perpetual or endowed membership, and upon the death 
 of any member so paying, the membership shall be held by his 
 eldest son or such other descendant from the ancestor from 
 whom he claims, as he may nominate ; in failure of such nomi- 
 nation the Society may decide which of the descendants shall 
 hold the membership; Provided, always. That the Society re- 
 serves to itself the privilege of reiecting any nomination that 
 may not be acceptable to it. All those holding life or en- 
 dowed memberships shall be exempt from the payment of the 
 initiation fee and annual dues. 
 
 SECTION II. 
 Permanent Fund. 
 
 All life and endowed membership fees, as well as donations 
 
 39 
 
which may be paid the Society, shall remain forever the use 
 of the Society as a Permanent Fund, the income only of which 
 may be expended. 
 
 SECTION III. 
 Annual Meeting. 
 
 The annual meeting of the Society shall be held in the city 
 of Indianapolis, on the 19th day of October (except when that 
 day is a Saturday or Sunday, when the date shall be left to 
 the discretion of the Board of Managers), at which a general 
 election of officers and managers by ballot shall take place. In 
 such election a majority of the ballots given for any officer or 
 manager shall constitute a choice; but if, on the first ballot, 
 no person shall receive such majority, then a further balloting 
 shall take place, in which a plurality of votes given for any 
 officer or manager shall determine the choice. 
 SECTION IV. 
 Quorum. 
 
 At all meetings of the Society eight (8) members shall 
 constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The ayes 
 and nays shall be called at any meeting of the Society upon 
 the demand of five members. 
 
 SECTION V. 
 President. 
 
 The President — or, in his absence, the Vice-Presidents in 
 their order, or, in the absence of all, a Chairman pro tempore — 
 shall preside at all meetings of the Society and shall have a 
 deciding vote, in case of a tie. He shall preserve order and 
 decide all questions of order, subject to an appeal to the Sb- 
 ciet}'. The President shall be, ex-officio, a member of all com- 
 mittees. 
 
 SECTION VI. 
 Secretary. 
 
 The Secretary shall conduct the general correspondence of 
 the Society. He shall notify all members' of their election 
 and of such other matters as may be required of the Society. 
 He shall have charge of the Seal, Certificate of Incorporation, 
 Constitution, By-Laws and Records of the Society and shall 
 issue certificates of membership. He. together with the pre- 
 siding officer, shall certify all acts of the Society and in proper 
 
 40 
 
cases' authenticate them under seal. He shall affix the Seal to 
 all properly authenticated certificates of membership and trans- 
 mit them without delay to the members for whom they shall 
 be issued. He shall, under the direction of the President or 
 Vice-President, give due notice of the time and place of all 
 meetings of the Society and attend the same. He shall keep 
 fair and accurate records of all the proceedings and orders of 
 the Society and shall give notice to the several officers of all 
 votes, orders, resolutions and proceedings of the Society affect- 
 ing them or appertaining to their respective duties. He shall 
 be Secretary of the Board of Managers and keep the record of 
 their meetings in the regular minute book of the Society. 
 
 SECTION VH. 
 Treasurer. 
 
 The Treasurer shall collect and deposit the funds and secur- 
 ities of the Society in a reliable bank to the credit of said 
 Society. Said funds shall be used for no other purpose than 
 for said Society. Out of these funds he shall pay such sums 
 as may be ordered by the Society or by the Board of Man- 
 agers. He shall keep a true account of his receipts and pay- 
 ments, and at each annual meeting shall render a statement 
 to the Society when a committee shall be appointed to 
 audit his accounts. He shall give such bond as the Board of 
 Managers shall require. 
 
 SECTION VIII. 
 Registrar. 
 The Registrar shall keep a roll of members and in his hands 
 shall be lodged all the proofs of membership qualification and 
 all the historical and other papers of which the Society may 
 become possessed ; and he, under the direction of the Board 
 of Managers, shall make copies of such similar documents as 
 the owners thereof may not be willing to leave permanently 
 in the keeping of the Society. 
 
 SECTION IX. 
 Chaplain. 
 The Chaplain shall be a regularly ordained minister of a 
 Christian denomination and shall perform such duties as ordi- 
 narily appertain to such office. 
 
 41 
 
SECTION X. 
 Historian. 
 
 The Historian shall procure from the Secretary, the Regis- 
 trar, and other reliable sources, historical papers, or other re- 
 liable data, and carefully compile a history of the Society from 
 its organization ; and transcribe the same in a book, which 
 shall be the property of the Society. He shall keep a detailed 
 record of the events happening within the Society, which shall 
 include a list of the members admitted during the year, and 
 present the same to the Society at each annual meeting, to- 
 gether with the yearly necrological list and suitable biogra- 
 phies of the deceased members. He shall edit and prepare 
 for publication such historical addresses, essays, papers, and 
 other documents of an historical character, which the Secre- 
 tary may be required to publish. 
 
 SECTION XL 
 Board of Managers. 
 
 The Board of Managers shall consist of nineteen members, 
 namely: The President, the Vice-Presidents, the Secretary, the 
 Registrar, the Treasurer, the Historian and the Chaplain, ex- 
 ofificio, and nine other members. At least five members of the 
 entire Board shall be residents of the city of Indianapolis, Indi- 
 ana. All the Board shall be elected at the annual meeting. 
 They shall elect their own Chairman. In case of a vacancy in 
 any of these offices the Board may fill it until the next 
 election. They shall judge of the qualifications of the candi- 
 dates for admission to the Society and upon the recommenda- 
 tion of the Committee on Admissions shall have power to elect 
 the same to membership. They shall, through the Secretary, 
 call special meetings at any time upon the written request of 
 three members of the Society and at such other times as they 
 see fit. They shall recommend plans for promoting the objects 
 of the Society, shall digest and prepare business and shall 
 authorize the disbursement and expenditure of unappropriated 
 money in the treasury for the payment of the current expenses 
 of the Society. They shall generally superintend the interests 
 of the Society and perform all such duties as may be committed 
 to them by the Society. At each annual meeting of the vSo- 
 ciety they shall make a general report. At all meetings of the 
 
 42 
 
Board of Managers four members shall constitute a quorum 
 for the transaction of business. 
 
 SECTION XII. 
 Amendments. 
 No alteration of the By-Laws of the Society shall be made 
 unless such alteration shall have been proposed at a previous 
 meeting and shall be adopted by a majority of the members 
 present at any meeting of the Society, five days' notice thereof 
 having been given each member. 
 
 SECTION XIII. 
 Order of Business. 
 At all meetings of the Society and of the Board of Man- 
 agers the following order of business shall be observed, so far 
 as may be applicable. 
 
 1. Prayer by the Chaplain. 
 
 2. Reading of minutes of prior meetings not previously 
 acted upon. 
 
 3. Election of officers and managers when necessary. 
 
 4. Reports of Officers. 
 
 5. Reports of Committees. 
 
 6. Unfinished business. 
 
 7. Miscellaneous business. 
 
 SECTION XIV. ^ 
 Committee on Admissions. 
 The Chairman of the Board of Managers shall appoint 
 annually three members thereof as a Committee on Admis- 
 sions, whose duty it shall be to pass upon the qualifications 
 of applicants for admission to the Society and to submit a 
 report thereof to the Board of Managers. 
 SECTION XV. 
 Expulsion and Suspension. 
 The Board of Managers shall have power to expel any 
 enrolled member of this Society who, by conduct unbecoming 
 a gentleman and a man of honor, or by an opposition to the 
 interests of the community in general or of this Society in par- 
 ticular, may render himself unworthy to continue a member; 
 or who shall persistently transgress', or without good excuse, 
 wilfully neglect or fail in the performance of any obligation 
 enjoined by the Constitution, By-Laws or any standing rule 
 
 43 
 
of this Society: Provided, That such member shall have re- 
 ceived at least ten days' notice in writing- of the complaint pre- 
 ferred against him and of the time and place for hearing the 
 complaint and have been thereby afforded an opportunity to be 
 heard in person. 
 
 Whenever the cause of expulsion shall not have involved 
 moral turpitude or unworthiness any member thus expelled 
 may, upon the unanimous recommendation of the Board of 
 Manag-ers, but not otherwise, be restored to membership by 
 the Society at any meeting. 
 
 The Board of Managers shall drop from the roll the name 
 of any enrolled member of the Society who shall be two years 
 in arrears in payment of dues and who. on notice to pay the 
 dues, shall fail and neglect to do so within thirty days there- 
 after ; and upon being thus dropped his membership shall cease 
 and determine ; but he may be restored to membership at any 
 time by the Board of Managers on his application therefor and 
 upon his payment of all such arrears and of the annual dues 
 from the date when he was dropped to the date of his restora- 
 tion. The Board of Managers may also suspend any ofificer from 
 the performance of his duties for cause, which proceeding 
 must be reported to the Society and acted upon by it within 
 thirty days, either by revision of the suspension or removal 
 of the suspended officer from office, or otherwise the suspen- 
 sion shall cease. 
 
 SECTION XVI. 
 Resignation. 
 
 No resignation or withdrawal from membership by any 
 member enrolled in this Society shall become effective as a 
 release from the obligations thereof, unless consented to and 
 accepted by the Board of INfanagers. 
 
 SECTION XVII. 
 Disqualification. 
 
 No person who may be enrolled as a member of this Societv 
 shall be permitted to continue in membership when the proofs 
 of claim of qualification by descent shall be found to be defect- 
 ive and insufficient to substantiate such claim or not properly 
 authenticated. The Society or Board of Managers may, at 
 any time after thirty days' notice to such person to properly 
 
 44 
 
substantiate or authenticate his claim, require the Secretary 
 to erase his name from the list of members, and such person 
 shall thereupon cease to be a member; Provided, He shall have 
 failed or neglected to comply satisfactorily with such notice. 
 
 Where the Board of Managers shall direct the erasure of 
 a person's name for a cause comprehended under this section 
 such person shall have the right of appeal to the next annual 
 meeting of the Society; but he shall not be restored to mem- 
 bership unless by a vote of three-fourths of the members pres- 
 ent on that occasion, or at a subsequent meeting to which the 
 consideration of the appeal may have been specially postponed. 
 SECTION XVIII. 
 Service of Notices. 
 It shall be the duty of every member to inform the Secre- 
 tary by written communication of his place of residence, his 
 postoffice address' and of any change thereof. 
 
 Service of any notice under the Constitution or By-Laws 
 upon any member of the Society, addressed to him at his last 
 recorded place of residence or postoffice address and forwarded 
 by mail, shall be deemed sufficient service of such notice. 
 SECTION XIX. 
 Elections. 
 The Board of Managers in their discretion may appoint a 
 nominating committee to select members to be voted for as 
 officers of the Society at the annual meetings. Said selections 
 shall be purely advisory and shall in no way prevent any mem- 
 ber from voting for any other member for any office m the 
 Society. The voting shall be by ballot and the person receiv- 
 ing the majority of all votes cast shall be declared elected. 
 SECTION XX. 
 Delegates to the General Society. 
 Delegates to the General Society shall be chosen by the 
 members of this Society at its meeting next preceding that of 
 the General Society; and, failing such choice, shall be selected 
 by the Board of Managers. 
 
 SECTION XXL 
 Decease of Members. 
 Upon the decease of any member notice thereof and time 
 and place of the funeral shall be given by the Secretary by 
 
 45 
 
mail or publication, and it shall be the duty of members when 
 practicable to attend the obsequies. Any member, upon being 
 informed of the death of another member, shall see that the 
 Secretary is promptly notified of the fact. 
 
 The Board of Managers are empowered and directed to pur- 
 chase a flag- of standard size and present it to the family of 
 each deceased member to be preserved as an heirloom. 
 SECTION XXII. 
 Local Societies. 
 
 When five or more members' of this Society, residing within 
 proximity, outside of Indianapolis, petition the Board of Man- 
 agers, it may authorize and empower such petitioners to form 
 
 a local Chapter, to be known as Chapter 
 
 of the Society of Sons of the Revolution in the State of 
 Indiana. Such Chapter, when authorized, may adopt such 
 local regulations' and by-laws as to it may seem proper, pro- 
 vided that such regulations do not conflict in any particular 
 with the Constitution of the General Society or with the Con- 
 stitution and By-Laws of the Society of the State of Indiana. 
 The officers of local chapers shall be a President, a Vice-Presi- 
 dent, a Secretary, a Treasurer and an Executive Committee. 
 The senior officer may attend the meetings of the Board of 
 Managers of the Indiana State Society, notice whereof shall be 
 sent to him by the Secretary of the State Society. 
 SECTION XXIII. 
 Certificate of Membership. 
 
 Every member, upon the payment of a fee of one dollar, 
 shall be entitled to receive a certificate of membership, which 
 shall be authenticated by the President and Secretary and 
 countersigned by the Registrar of the Society and to which the 
 Seal of the Sons of the Revolution shall be affixed. The certifi- 
 cate shall be in form following: 
 
 SONS OF THE REVOLUTION IN THE STATE OF 
 INDIANA 
 
 Be it known that 
 
 of by right of descent 
 
 from of 
 
 46 
 
who aided in achieving American Independence during the 
 War of the Revolution, has' been duly admitted to membership 
 in the Society of Sons of the Revolution in the State of 
 
 Indiana, this day of in the year 
 
 of our Lord and of the Independence of the United 
 
 States of America the one hundred and 
 
 President. 
 (Seal.) Secretary. 
 
 Registrar. 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS TO APPLICANTS. 
 
 The application must be presented singly, upon the form 
 issued by the Society. 
 
 The record of the ancestor's military service should be 
 given fully but concisely. 
 
 It is not necessary to show the pedigree any further back 
 than the ancestor who served in the war. 
 
 The Society does not accept encyclopedias, genealogical 
 works, or town or county histories', except such as contain 
 rosters, as authorities for proofs of service. 
 
 In referring to printed works, the volume and page should 
 be given. 
 
 Reference to authorities in manuscript must be accompa- 
 nied by certified copies, and authentic family records must 
 be submitted, if required. 
 
 Every application must be signed by applicant and sworn 
 to by him, and it must be endorsed by two members of the 
 Society. 
 
 When the applicant is not personally known to any mem- 
 ber of the Society whom he can ask to recommend his appli- 
 cation, he must submit to the Secretary, when he files his 
 papers, the names of two reputable citizens of the State to 
 whom he refers by permission. 
 
 When an applicant claims' descent from more than one 
 
 47 
 
Revolutionary ancestor, then a supplementary application 
 must be made for each ancestor. 
 
 Supplementary claims are to be treated in form and pro- 
 cedure precisely as original applications. There is no extra 
 cost for filing supplementary claims. 
 
 The officers of the Society will render assistance, when 
 called upon, in making- search to find proof of ancestor's 
 services. 
 
 To begin to make a search for proofs, the applicant must 
 know the State the ancestor served from, and in writing offi- 
 cials simply ask ''for the military service of A. B., said to have 
 been a soldier in the Revolutionary War," and they will inform 
 you what rank they find and any other data the records show. 
 Also give the name of town or county he served from, if you 
 know, and officer he served under. 
 
 The Indiana State Library contains many volumes of rec- 
 ords of the Revolution from all the original States, and records 
 are also to be found in the Indianapolis City Library. Some 
 of the books one might consult are Heitman's Historical Regis- 
 ter (if the ancestor was an officer), Saffel's Records' of the 
 Revolution, the Indiana G. A. R. Register (1908), which con- 
 tains a list of Indiana Revolutionary pensioners. When a 
 name of a Revolutionary soldier can be found in any State or 
 government publication, or in any record whose authority is 
 unquestioned, a reference to the publication, with the volume 
 and page number, is as satisfactory as a certificate from State 
 or Government officers. In visiting a library, ask for all books 
 containing rolls of soldiers from the State in which you are 
 interested. 
 
 If the ancestor was granted a pension for services in the 
 Revolutionary War, a certificate, giving ancestor's military 
 history, may be secured by addressing the Commissioner of 
 Pensions at Washington. No charge is made for such cer- 
 tificate. 
 
 The Adjutant General's office, War Department, Washing- 
 ton, D. C, has a card index of all Revolutionary soldiers whose 
 service is recorded in muster rolls in possession of the War 
 Department, and will furnish information without charge. 
 
 48 
 
■Correspond with the following officials and others named, in 
 the various States, for certificates of military service and the 
 fees for search and for furnishing the certificate : 
 
 Vermont — Consult "Rolls of Soldiers in the Revolutionary 
 War, 1775 to 1783." Write Adjutant General of Vermont, 
 Montpelier. 
 
 New Hampshire — ^Consult ''State Papers of New Hamp- 
 shire," Vols. XIV to XVH. Write Secretary of State, Con- 
 cord. 
 
 Massachusetts — Write Secretary of the Commonwealth, 
 Boston. See "JMassachusetts Soldiers and Sailors in the Revo- 
 lutionary War." Many records in State House, Indianapolis. 
 
 Rhode Island — Write Secretary of State, Providence. No 
 charge for making research. Where name is found and certifi- 
 cate furnished, $1.50. Consult "Vital Record of Rhode Island," 
 Vol. XII, and "Revolutionary Defenses in Rhode Island." 
 
 Connecticut — This State has published a very complete 
 roster, containing 27,000 names. Address Adjutant Gen- 
 eral, Hartford. Charges a small fee for a certificate, usually $1. 
 See "Connecticut men in the Revolution," and publications of 
 the Historical Society. 
 
 New York — This State has published a roster, containing 
 40,000 names, which volume is in the State Library at Indian- 
 apolis. Consult "New York in the Revolution," and "New 
 York Archives," Vol. 1. 
 
 New Jersey has very complete records. Write Adjutant 
 General, Trenton. Consult "New Jersey Men in the Revolu- 
 tion." 
 
 Pennsylvania— Write State Librarian, Harrisburg, for cer- 
 tificate. The charge will be from $1 to $3, according to the 
 length of research. Consult "Pennsylvania Archives." 
 
 Delaware— Write Secretary of State, Dover. The charge 
 for making copies is 2 cents per line, and $1 for certificate. 
 Consult "Papers of the Historical Society of Delaware," Vols. 
 XIII to XVI. 
 
 Maryland— Write Commissioner of the Land Office, An- 
 napolis, who will make search for name for 25 cents, and 75 
 
 49 
 
cents additional for furnishing certificate. Also see "Maryland 
 Archives," Vols. 11, 12, 16, and "Record Journal of the Council 
 of Safety," etc., Vol. 18. 
 
 Virginia — See "Saffel's Records of the Revolution" and "The 
 Virginia Magazine." The Revolutionary records in this State 
 are very meager, and it is difficult to find anything. Informa- 
 tion consists mainly of the records of land bounty warrants, 
 which were issued by the State to the soldiers who served 
 three years or more. Write Mr. W. G. Stanard, 314 West 
 Carey street, Richmond, Va., a gentleman highly recommend- 
 ed, who has given considerable attention to tracing Virginia 
 genealogies, and who will make a search of everything there 
 is available at the State Capitol to find the name, for which 
 he charges $5, to be paid in advance. If he finds the name 
 he will furnish certificate of whatever he finds without addi- 
 tional cost. 
 
 North Carolina — It is difficult to get data from this State. 
 The legislature made a large appropriation to gather data of 
 the Revolution, but it resulted in more Colonial history. There 
 is a list of Continental troops in the Continental Line and of 
 Officers with dates of commissions, numbering less than 700. 
 Write State Auditor, Raleigh, N. C. 
 
 South Carolina — Th'^re are no rosters in existence of the 
 Revolutionary soldiers from this State. "Gregg's History of 
 the Old Cheraws" and "Safifel's Records of the Revolutionary 
 War" contain some names of officers and privates from 
 this State. Address A. S. Salley, Jr., Secretary State Histor- 
 ical Commission, Columbia, S. C. 
 
 Georgia — Write Secretary, Georgia Historical Society, Sa- 
 vannah, for information of Georgia soldiers. That society has 
 books and manuscripts which contain much useful information 
 relating to the Revolutionary period. Also see Third Report 
 of the D. A. R. (Senate Document 219, 2d Sess. 56th Con- 
 gress), containing roll of Georgia soldiers. 
 
 50 
 
DECEASED MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY OF SONS OF THE 
 REVOLUTION IN INDIANA. 
 
 Benjamin Harrison Indianapolis 
 
 Jesse Claiborne Tarkington Indianapolis 
 
 Eugene A. Robison Greenwood 
 
 Benjamin D. Miner Indianapolis 
 
 Rev. Charles N. Sims Liberty 
 
 William S. R. Tarkington Indianapolis 
 
 Albert C. Jennison Crawfordsville 
 
 William C. Smock Indianapolis 
 
 William Henry Wright Indianapolis 
 
 Maurice Thompson Crawfordsville 
 
 Moses Gates (original son) Valparaiso 
 
 William Douglas (original son) Logansport 
 
 Joseph Moore (original son) Bedford 
 
 Dorsey L. Anderson Greencastle 
 
 MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY OF SONS OF THE REVOLUTION IN 
 THE STATE OF INDIANA. 
 
 Bishop John Hazen White Michigan City 
 
 John Grenville Mott Michigan City 
 
 Edmund L. Brown Seymour 
 
 William L. Elder 201 Saks Building 
 
 John D. Pugh Shelbyville 
 
 Dr. H. Alden Adams 14 West Ohio Street 
 
 John M. Lilly Weston, Mass. 
 
 James H. S. Lowes When Building 
 
 John W. Minor, Jr Indianapolis 
 
 Albert O. Lockridge Greencastle 
 
 Claude L. Thompson Crawfordsville 
 
 Levi A. Barnett Danville 
 
 Charles S. Tilton Flat 4, 425 N. Delaware Street 
 
 Henry Van Brunt Terre Haute 
 
 William Allen Wood State Life Building 
 
 Albert G. Snider 227 South Meridian Street 
 
 Leslie D. Clancy 75 North Ritter Avenue 
 
 M. H. Ingrim Winamac 
 
 Col. John T. Barnett 2001 North Delaware Street 
 
 Benjamin Kelsey 1508 College Avenue 
 
 Rev. Allan B. Philputt Flat 2, The Vendome 
 
 David M. Parry Golden Hill 
 
 Rev. Lewis Brown 65, The Rink 
 
 Eddy M. Campbell American National Bank Building 
 
 Louis J. Blaker 2344 North Meridian Street 
 
 Barton W. Cole 5654 East Washington Street 
 
 Hiram B. Patten 427 Lemcke Building 
 
 R. Carl Minton 2621 Ashland Avenue 
 
 Gen. Charles Henry Noble 2104 North Alabama Street 
 
 51 
 
Maj. Fletcher E. Marsh Syracuse 
 
 Richard H. Sullivan Wichita, Kan. 
 
 Charles F. Remy 1603 Park Avenue 
 
 Jared R. Buell 128 West 20th Street 
 
 Dr. Leon T. Leach 1511 North Meridian Street 
 
 Theodore W. Barhydt Terre Haute 
 
 Dr. M. M. Boggs Macy 
 
 Scott V. Smith 1119 North Capitol Avenue 
 
 Capt. William E. Hay ward 919 North Capitol Avenue 
 
 Newton Booth Tarkington 1100 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Ernest B. Cole 1936 Broadway 
 
 Claude G. Richie 1844 North Delaware Street 
 
 Worth W. Pepple Michigan City 
 
 Col. Russell Benjamin Harrison Newton Claypool Building 
 
 Dr. Harry E. Smock Franklin 
 
 Louis B.. Ewbank State Life Building 
 
 George B. Lockwood Marion 
 
 Nicholas McCarty Harrison 1519 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Henry D. Pierce 1415 North Meridian Street 
 
 Edward L. McKee 1503 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Warren David Cole Paris, Illinois 
 
 Charles S. Levings Paris, Illinois 
 
 Albert E. Martz Arcadia 
 
 Henry Allen Luce Cody, Wyoming 
 
 Capt. William E. English Hotel English 
 
 Meredith Nicholson 1500 North Delaware Street 
 
 Charles W. Moores 1918 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Henry Waite Colgan 1140 North New Jersey Street 
 
 Gen. William J. McKee 1213 North Delaware Street 
 
 William Lowe Bryan Bloomington 
 
 Frank B. Fowler K. P. Castle Hall 
 
 Judge Hileary Q. Houghton Shoals 
 
 Inman H. Fowler Spencer 
 
 Lieut. Guy Eugene Bucker Mooresville 
 
 Capt. Charles Leo Barry 404 Lemcke Building 
 
 Dr. Edwin G. Kyte Methodist Hospital 
 
 Alexander Hamilton Clark's, Louisiana 
 
 Sanford D. Farrabee 2402 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Charles J. Lynn 3509 Washington Boulevard 
 
 Arthur J. Hamrick Greencastle 
 
 Capt. Charles S. Maltby 5423 Julian Avenue 
 
 Samuel T. Conkling Indiana Pythian Building 
 
 Andrew Jackson Hedges (original) Richmond 
 
 Gen. Charles A. Garrard 1211 Broadway 
 
 Col. Theodore J. Louden Bloomington 
 
 Maj. William M. Louden Bloomington 
 
 Wellington Alexander Clark (original) Crown Point 
 
 Henry B. Heywood 1506 North New Jersey Street 
 
 John P. Heywood 1506 North New Jersey Street 
 
 52 
 
Horace C. Starr 1708 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Capt. Milton Garrigus Kokomo 
 
 Stuart Eagleson 2301 Prairie Avenue, Ctiicago 
 
 Dr. Jewett V. Reed 416 East 1th Street 
 
 James A. Woodburn , Bloomington 
 
 Albert C. Jennison, Jr Crawfordsville 
 
 Sidney F. Daily 519 West McCarty Street 
 
 Thomas A. Daily 1017 Lemcke Building 
 
 Albert M. Bristor 901 Law Building 
 
 Bennett B. Bobbitt 2450 Park Avenue 
 
 Rev. Henry Webb Johnson South Bend 
 
 Henry C. Churchman 1914 North Delaware Street 
 
 William J. Greenwood Newton Claypool Building 
 
 Eugene B. Scofield 146 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Curtis G. Shake Vincennes 
 
 George L. Stebbins 608 Board of Trade Building 
 
 Paul Comstock Richmond 
 
 Judge Charles T. Hanna 1017 Lemcke Building 
 
 Frank M. Steele Shoals 
 
 Augustin Boice 1505 North Delaware Street 
 
 Capt. Robert H. Tyndall 106 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Judge Robert W. McBride State Life Building 
 
 Arthur N. Shoup 418 East 19th Street 
 
 William C. Van Arsdel Greencastle 
 
 Charles N. Williams Farmers' Trust Company 
 
 Franklin Landers Bridges 1205 Park Avenue 
 
 Charles Sumner Clancy 3555 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Capt. Herbert W. McBride State Life Building 
 
 Thomas T. Moore Greencastle 
 
 Granville C. Moore Greencastle 
 
 Mark Dennis 1619 North Alabama Street 
 
 William L. Bridges 830 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Albert P. Smith 128 East Washington Street 
 
 Marshall T. Levey 44 South Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Seymour L. Davis 20 East Michigan Street 
 
 Howe S. Landers 1008 Odd Fellow Building 
 
 Albert S. Pierson 3239 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Dr. Ralph S. Chappell 605 Traction Terminal Building 
 
 Edward A. Remy Seymour 
 
 Rohert C. Ramsay Hotel English 
 
 Elliott R. Tibbets 237 East Ohio Street 
 
 William Henry Parkinson Rensselaer 
 
 Ralph M. Ketcham 1008 Odd Fellow Building 
 
 Herbert L. Whitehead 3440 Central Avenue 
 
 Joseph A. Minturn 835 Indiana Pythian Building 
 
 Judge Alexander C. Ayres 500 Indiana Trust Building 
 
 Larned Irwin Snodgrass 1701 North Alabama Street 
 
 Ovid Butler Jameson 1029 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 John Tarkington Jameson 1029 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 53 
 
William Franklin Landers 1832 North Pennsylvania Street 
 
 Daniel W. Layman 1219 North New Jersey Street 
 
 Alexander M. Stewart 816 North Meridian Street 
 
 Richard M. Smock 507 East 21st Street 
 
 William Allen Moore .1723 Talbott Avenue 
 
 Robert Layman Dorsey 1219 North New Jersey Street 
 
 John W. Ramsay 704 North Capitol Avenue 
 
 Harvey B. Stout, Jr Meridian Heights 
 
 OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FROM ITS ORGANIZATION 
 SEPTEMBER 30, 1897. 
 
 1897. 
 
 President Jesse Claiborne Tarkington 
 
 Vice-President » .John Grenville Mott 
 
 Secretary Harold Taylor 
 
 Treasurer John D. Pugh 
 
 Registrar Dr. H. Alden Adams 
 
 Chaplain Rt. Rev. John Hazen White 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers William Line Elder 
 
 1898. 
 
 President Jesse Claiborne Tarkington 
 
 Vice-President John Grenville Mott 
 
 Secretary William Allen Wood 
 
 Treasurer Benjamin D. Miner 
 
 Registrar Dr. H. Alden Adams 
 
 Chaplain Rt. Rev. John Hazen White 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers William Line Elder 
 
 1899. 
 
 President Jesse Claiborne Tarkington 
 
 Vice-President John Grenville Mott 
 
 Secretary William Allen Wood 
 
 Treasurer Benjamin D. Miner 
 
 Registrar Dr. H. Alden Adams 
 
 Chaplain Rt. Rev. John Hazen White 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers William Line Elder 
 
 1900. 
 
 President Jesse Claiborne Tarkington 
 
 Vice-President John Grenville Mott 
 
 Secretary William Allen Wood 
 
 Treasurer Benjamin D. Miner 
 
 Registrar Dr. H. Alden Adams 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Allan B. Philputt 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers William Line Elder 
 
 1901. 
 
 President William Line Elder 
 
 Vice-President John Grenville Mott 
 
 Secretary John W. Minor, Jr. 
 
 Treasurer Benjamin D. Miner 
 
 Registrar Charles Sewall Tilton 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Lewis Brown 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers Jesse Claiborne Tarkington 
 
 54 
 
1902 
 
 President John Grenville Mott 
 
 Vice-President David M. Parry 
 
 Secretary Leslie Dale Clancy 
 
 Treasurer Dr. Harry Alden Adams 
 
 Registrar Charles Sewall Tilton 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Lewis Brown 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers Col. John T. Barnett 
 
 1903. 
 
 President William Allen Wood 
 
 Vice-President Newton Booth Tarkington 
 
 Secretary Ernest Byron Cole 
 
 Treasurer Dr. Harry Alden Adams 
 
 Registrar Scott Voss Smith 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Stanley C, Hughes 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers Col. John T. Barnett 
 
 1904. 
 
 President Rev. Allan B. Philputt 
 
 Vice-President Meredith Nicholson 
 
 Secretary Louis J. Blaker 
 
 Treasurer Hiram B. Patten 
 
 Registrar Scott Voss Smith 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Lewis Brown 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers Col. John T. Barnett 
 
 1905-1906. 
 
 President Louis J. Blaker 
 
 First Vice-President William Lowe Bryan 
 
 Second Vice-President Bishop John Hazen White 
 
 Third Vice President Lemuel Ford Perdue 
 
 Fourth Vice-President Hileary Q. Houghton 
 
 Secretary Leslie Dale Clancy 
 
 Treasurer Hiram B. Patten 
 
 Registrar Dr. Leon T. Leach 
 
 Historian Ernest Byron Cole 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Lewis Brown 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers Col. John T. Barnett 
 
 1906-1907. 
 
 President Rev. Lewis Brown 
 
 First Vice-President Capt. William E. English 
 
 Second Vice President John G. Mott 
 
 Third Vice-President David M. Parry 
 
 Fourth Vice-President R. Carle Minton 
 
 Secretary Hiram B. Patten 
 
 Treasurer Frank B. Fowler 
 
 Registrar Henry W. Colgan 
 
 Historian Ernest B. Cole 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Charles N. Sims 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers Col. John T. Barnett 
 
 55 
 
1907-1908. 
 
 President Col. John T. Barnett 
 
 First Vice-President William Lowe Bryan 
 
 Second Vice-President Meredith Nicholson 
 
 Third Vice-President John Grenville Mott 
 
 Fourth Vice-President Newton Booth Tarkington 
 
 Secretary Hiram B. Patten 
 
 Treasurer Frank B. Fowler 
 
 Registrar Henry Waite Colgan 
 
 Historian Charles L. Barry 
 
 Chaplain Allan B. Philputt 
 
 Chairman Board of Managers William Line Elder 
 
 1908-1909. 
 
 President William Lowe Bryan 
 
 First Vice-President Dr. H. Alden Adams 
 
 Second Vice-President Rt. Rev. John Hazen White 
 
 Third Vice-President John G. Mott 
 
 Fourth Vice-President Alexander Hamilton 
 
 Secretary ^. Leslie D. Clancy 
 
 Treasurer Hiram B. Patten 
 
 Registrar William C. Smock 
 
 Historian Charles L. Barry 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Lewis Brown 
 
 Board of Managers. 
 Chairman, Col. John T. Barnett. 
 Samuel T. Conkling Chas. A. Garrard 
 
 Edward L. McKee William L. Elder 
 
 Louis J. Blaker Rev. Allan B. Philputt 
 
 Col. Russell B. Harrison Inman H. Fowler 
 
 1909-1910. 
 
 President , David McLean Parry 
 
 First Vice-President James Albert Woodburn 
 
 Second Vice-President Gen. Charles Henry Noble 
 
 Third Vice President Newton Booth Tarkington 
 
 Fourth Vice-President Rev. Lewis Brown 
 
 Secretary Capt. Charles S. Maltby 
 
 Treasurer Hiram B. Patten 
 
 Registrar Bennett B. Bobbitt 
 
 Historian Capt. Charles L. Barry 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Henry Webb Johnson 
 
 Board of Managers. 
 Chairman, Col. John T. Barnett. 
 William Allen Wood Charles T. Hanna 
 
 Samuel T. Conkling Rev. Allan B. Philputt 
 
 Maj. Charles A. Garrard Henry C. Churchman 
 
 William L. Elder Col. Russell B. Harrison 
 
 1910-1911. 
 
 President Hiram B. Patten 
 
 First Vice-President Horace C. Starr 
 
 56 
 
Second Vice-President George B. Lockwood 
 
 Third Vice-President Albert O. Lockridge 
 
 Fourth Vice-President Paul Comstock 
 
 Secretary Albert M. Bristor 
 
 Treasurer Charles Sumner Clancy- 
 Registrar Mark Dennis 
 
 Historian Charles L. Barry 
 
 Chaplain Rev. Lewis Brown 
 
 Board of Managers. 
 Chairman, William Allen Wood 
 
 Charles T. Hanna Robert W. McBride 
 
 Charles J. Lynn Col. Russell B. Harrison. 
 
 Samuel T. Conkling William L. Elder 
 
 Charles A. Garrard Col. John T. Bamett 
 
 Memorials and Other Property of Historic Interest Owned or 
 Erected by the Sons of the Revolution. 
 
 Fraunces' Tavern, of Colonial and Revolutionary fame, cor- 
 ner of Broad and Pearl streets, New York City, purchased and 
 restored by the New York Society. Washington bade fare- 
 well to his officers here, December 4, 1783. 
 
 Statue of Nathan Hale, by Macmonnies, erected in City 
 Hall Park, New York, which was a parade ground for Wash- 
 ington's troops in 1776. 
 
 Bronze memorial, in high relief, erected in Annapolis in 
 honor of the French who assisted in securing American inde- 
 pendence. 
 
 Bronze memorial, commemorating the battle of Long Is- 
 land and marking the line of defense. 
 
 Bronze tablet, commemorating the battle of Harlem 
 Heights, erected on the walls of Columbia University, New 
 York. 
 
 Bronze tablet, to mark American encampments in 1776, 
 
 erected on the walls of the College of the City of New York. 
 
 Bronze tablet, Nassau Hall, Princeton University; two 
 
 bronze tablets to perpetuate memory of Revolutionary events 
 
 in Charleston, South Carolina, and many other memorials. 
 
 57 
 

MAY 26 19^1 
 
 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 011 711 280 9 
 
 Elliott R. TibV.ets & Co.