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MEDICAL LECTURES 
 
 TO 
 
 GENTLEMEN: 
 
 BY 
 
 JAMES McCLINTOCK, A.M., M.D., 
 
 Assistant to Adjunct Professor of Anatomy in JefTer* 
 son Medical College, Philadelphia, from 1829 to 1833; 
 Founder of and Lecturer on Anatomy, Physiology 
 and Surgery, Philadelphia School of Anatomy, 
 1838 to 18 17"; Professor of Anatomy, Physiology, 
 and Surgery, and acting Professor of Midwifery, 
 Philadelphia College of Medicine, 1847 to 1853 ; 
 One of the Consulting Physicians to Phila- 
 delphia Hospital. &c, 1839 to 1811 ; Lecturer 
 on Anatomy aud Physiology, Dickinson 
 College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1843 and 
 1844 ; President and Professor of Anato- 
 my and Surgery, Castleton Medical 
 College, Vt., 1841 to 1843 ; Professor 
 of Anatomy and Physiology, Berk- 
 shire Medical Institution, Pitts- 
 field, Massachusetts, 1841 ; and 
 other Medical Colleges : 
 
 In 1857 and 1858 Physician in Chief to the Philadelphia 
 Hospital, Lunatic Asylum and Alms House ; for- 
 merly Member of the Philadelphia Medi- 
 cal Society; Medico-Chirurgical Col- 
 lege of Philadelphia ; and 
 American Medical 
 Association. 
 
 PUBLISHED BY 
 
 PROFESSOR JAMES McCLIiSTTOCR, M. D., 
 
 No. 823 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Price fifty Cents. 
 Hiese " Lectures" will be sent by mail free of postage* 
 
P x*\ 
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1872, by 
 
 James McClintock, M. D., 
 in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 
 
TO THE READER. 
 
 For forty years past in my courses of in- 
 struction I have lectured more fully upon 
 the subjects of this little book than was 
 usual with medical teachers. The reading 
 of " Tissot on Onanism/' about fifty years 
 ago, and my own observations convinced 
 me there were few subjects so neglected, or 
 that required more attention than the mat- 
 ters herein referred to. I was often request- 
 ed to publish my thoughts, but as my in- 
 struction was always given extemporaneous- 
 ly, I put oft" from time to time, until my 
 lectures in Concert Hall, in 1869. These 
 were attended by such large audiences, ma- 
 ny of whom had asked me to print, that 
 I employed a Phonographer to write what 
 I uttered. From his text I have made the 
 following pages. Hoping they may do all 
 the good I desire I respectfully leave them 
 with you. 
 
 Philadelphia, 823 Race Street. 
 
MEDICAL LECTURES. 
 
 LECTURE FIRST. 
 
 Gentlemen — 
 
 I am to call your attention to-night 
 to some of the parts of the human body 
 which in every way they can be examined 
 are justly considered among the most im- 
 portant in the physical organization. I al- 
 lude to the Urinary and Reproductive Or- 
 gans of Man. I shall speak of their struct- 
 ure, their uses, the abuses to which they are 
 frequently subjected, some of the diseases 
 they are liable to, and suggest such general 
 hygiene management as all can follow. Be- 
 fore a general audience I cannot enter into 
 details of the medical treatment requisite 
 for the diseases of which I shall speak ; each 
 case must be examined by itself, and such 
 remedial means resorted to as its circum- 
 stances indicate. In all medical science 
 there is not a single specific known to cure 
 1* (5) 
 
6 Medical Lectures 
 
 any one disease to which the body is liable; 
 but it is true that after proper education, 
 and experience in the actual observation of 
 cases, some men can adapt remedies and 
 make combinations that accomplish more 
 satisfactory results than can be attained by 
 those not properly informed. There is no 
 royal road in the practice of medicine; men 
 must acquire the knowledge necessary in 
 this vocation by hard work, close observa- 
 tion, and the application of the best knowl- 
 edge that can be attained in the ways I 
 have mentioned. 
 
 Before engaging in the examination of 
 the special subjects that are to constitute 
 our theme I think it best to give you a gen- 
 eral, but brief, account of the parts which 
 compose the human body. 
 
 The human frame is made up of various 
 parts which are technically called Organs. 
 In the state of absolute health these or- 
 gans subserve their different purposes in so 
 perfect a manner that the functions of the 
 body are performed with entire ease and 
 
To Gentlemen. 7 
 
 regularity; so that each organ does its du- 
 ties without the cognizance of the otters. 
 A man in perfect health does not know, by 
 any perceptible symptoms, that he has a 
 stomach, a brain, or nerves. 
 
 All the constituents of the body are either 
 Solids or Fluids — the latter traversing the 
 former in all directions. Amonsj the Solids 
 the following may be enumerated : Bones, 
 the foundation of the body ; Cartilages, elas- 
 tic substances that protect the ends of the 
 bones from friction, and answer other pur- 
 poses ; Ligaments, strong bands that tie the 
 bones together and form coverings for the 
 parts; Muscles, layers or masses, which con- 
 stitute the flesh of animals, and which are 
 used to bring the parts together and separ-* 
 ate them from each other. The Nerves are 
 masses of a so-called nervous substance in 
 the skull, spine, and other locations, pro- 
 longed into white cords, which traverse 
 the whole body, serving to unite and con. 
 nect the different parts with each other, 
 and with the brain, in the discharge of their 
 
8 Medical Lectures 
 
 duties. The Glands are structures some- 
 times in the shape of a bag, which throw off 
 various secretions that are used for different 
 purposes, or else cast off as useless and effete. 
 Membranes are the coverings and linings of 
 various exposed parts, both on the outside 
 and inside of the body. Thus the outer 
 skin, and also the lining of the throat, 
 stomach, &c, are membranes. Fat is found 
 in many parts of the body acting as a cush- 
 ion, and to give rotundity and fulness of 
 development. The Vessels are divided into 
 classes according to the fluid they convey, 
 as arteries, veins, lacteals, &c. There are 
 also some other solids which serve to com- 
 plete the organization. 
 
 The Fluids may be divided into three 
 general classes : 1st. Those which go to form 
 blood, as chyle, lymph, &c. 2d. The blood, 
 divided into two kinds, arterial and venous, 
 from difference of color, properties, &c. The 
 quantity of blood varies according to cir- 
 cumstances, but in a middle-aged healthy 
 man it is generally estimated to be from 
 
To Gentlemen. 9 
 
 twenty-five to thirty pounds. 3d. The fluids 
 that are formed from the blood, as the sweat, 
 saliva, &c. 
 
 Few are aware of the disparity that ex- 
 ists between the solids and fluids, as to quan- 
 tity, in the composition of the human body. 
 Contrary to the general belief, the fluids 
 largely preponderate; — thus, if a body un- 
 der ordinary circumstances be equal to one 
 hundred pounds, it will be found, after tho- 
 rough drying, to weigh but ten to twenty 
 pounds. 
 
 Where several organs unite to perform 
 one function, an apparatus is said to be 
 formed. Thus, several organs of dissimilar 
 structure act together in breathing, and 
 constitute the Respiratory (or Breathing) 
 apparatus. 
 
 I present you the basis structure, or 
 foundation of the body. It is called the 
 Skeleton, a dried body. In it are two 
 hundred and eleven distinct pieces, or bones, 
 excluding thirty-two teeth, in the adult, 
 and eight small bones in the ears. The 
 
10 Medical Lectures 
 
 skeleton consists of the Head, containing 
 twenty-two bones, divided into Skull and 
 Face — in the first are eight bones ; in the 
 second fourteen bones. The Trunk has fifty- 
 six bones ; twenty-four vertebrae, turning 
 bones, which form the back-bone or spine ; 
 twenty-four ribs, twelve on each side ; one 
 breast-bone, five pieces which prolong the 
 spine, and two broad or plate like pieces. 
 The trunk is divided into the neck, chest, 
 abdomen or belly, and the pelvis or basin. 
 The upper extremities, sixty-eight bones, 
 divided into shoulder, two bones; the arm, 
 one ; the fore-arm, two ; and the hand, twen- 
 ty-nine bones on each side. The inferior 
 extremities, sixty-four bones, divided into 
 thigh one, knee one, leg two, and foot twenty- 
 eight bones each. There is, besides, a horse- 
 shoe like bone in the throat, — making two 
 hundred and eleven in the skeleton. 
 
 Many of the bones move upon each other, 
 forming joints ; the ends, or opposing surf- 
 aces of these, and some others, are covered 
 by a smooth elastic white substance called 
 
To Gentlemen. 11 
 
 cartilage. The contiguous parts of most 
 bones are held together by bands, or bags of 
 strong white inelastic, but flexible, threads 
 which form ligaments. All the bones are 
 covered by the same white threads, that 
 make a close investment of fibrous tissue 
 named periosteum, or bone covering. The 
 skeleton is covered by masses of flesh called 
 muscles. Of these there are between four 
 and five hundred that have been named. 
 The muscular fibres can shorten themselves 
 so as to approximate different parts : this is 
 contractility. Some of the muscles act under 
 the control of the will and are called volun- 
 tary — others perform their functions with- 
 out consciousness, and hence are described 
 as involuntary ; while there is a third class 
 which is sometimes directed by the will, and 
 at other times acts without such influence 
 and is involuntary. 
 
 The muscles vary in size and form, and 
 are connected with adjoining parts by white 
 shining threads formed into cords and lay- 
 ers, and named tendons, or sinews. Every 
 
12 Medical Lectures 
 
 muscle is surrounded by a thin skin of 
 spongy substance which forms an invest- 
 ment for each piece, and a boundary between 
 contiguous parts. This is called Cellular 
 Tissue. To give symmetrical rotundity to 
 the figure and fill up the spaces between the 
 muscles and other parts, there are masses or 
 layers of a white greasy granulated sub- 
 stance which is called Fat, or Adipose Tis- 
 sue. Running to and among the parts I 
 have mentioned are tubes which brino; blood 
 from the body and distribute it as they pass ; 
 these are Arteries. Accompanying the ar- 
 teries, and also traversing the body without 
 them, are vessels which return the blood 
 not needed for the functions of the parts, 
 to the chest, and are called Veins. Passing 
 with the vessels, and in some places without 
 them, are seen many cords of soft white sub- 
 stance ; these are Nerves. Of the vessels and 
 nerves I shall speak more fully when I refer 
 to the circulatory and nervous apparatus* 
 The organs thus far mentioned are mostly 
 found upon the exterior of the skeleton.— 
 
To Gentlemen. 13 
 
 They are bound down, and entirely covered 
 by a perfect investment named the Skin. 
 This consists of three layers: one has in it 
 small cells which secrete a coloring matter, 
 a second is very soft and filled with vessels 
 and nerves, the third or outer covering is a 
 scaly layer called Cuticle, or Epidermis. Be- 
 neath the skin are manv small masses with 
 which hairs are connected ; others send 
 through the layers fine tubes that convey 
 an effete watery substance from the blood 
 to the outer surface to be cast off. It is 
 calculated that a man's entire skin surface 
 will measure seventy-two square feet, and 
 every square inch is perforated by about 
 twelve hundred orifices, of the tubes, or 
 pores of the skin, by which the watery fluid 
 just spoken of exudes, and that in this way 
 there is cast out of the system about one 
 pound of used up matter every day. Some- 
 times this substance passes off as a vapor, 
 and is insensible perspiration — at other times 
 this effete matter assumes a distinct fluid 
 
 form and is then called perspiration, or sweat 
 
 9 
 
14 Medical Lectures 
 
 It is calculated if the tubes by which these 
 " pores" empty were arranged in one line it 
 would be twenty-eight miles long. 
 
 I will now pass to a brief exposition of 
 the organs that are situated in the skeleton, 
 or more or less protected by it. On each 
 side of the face below the forehead we find 
 a globular mass, the Eye, or organ of vision, 
 which has connected with it pieces of fat, 
 glandular substance, muscles, blood vessels, 
 and nerves ; the whole protected by the eye- 
 lids, eye-lashes, and eye-brows. Below and 
 between the eyes is a prominent bony and 
 soft projection, the Nose ; in it are two open- 
 ings leading into cavernous spaces and tubes 
 separated by a partition — these, the nares 
 or nostrils, and the nose, form the organ of 
 smell. Under the nose is the elliptical open- 
 ing, of the Mouth, bounded by muscnlar sub- 
 stance, covered by the skin, and lined by a 
 delicate structure called mucus membrane 
 extending outwards and backwards, is an 
 oblong cavity bounded on the sides by the 
 teeth and cheeks, below by the tongue, and 
 
To Gentlemen. 15 
 
 above by the palate. Oh each side are three 
 masses called salivary glands, which secrete 
 the peculiar fluid poured into the mouth 
 while eating. Behind the mouth is a move- 
 able partition, the soft palate, from the cen- 
 tre of which hangs a tongue like piece, the 
 Uvula. On each side the soft palate divides 
 into two arches supported by pillars ; be- 
 tween these are the Tonsils, or almonds of 
 the ears. Behind the mouth is a cavity, the 
 Throat, surrounded by a fleshy funnel-shaped 
 bag, the Pharynx. In the throat beside the 
 orifice from the mouth are openings from 
 the nostrils, the ears, the windpipe and gul- 
 let — but of these I will speak presently. On 
 each side of the head is an appendage called 
 External Ear, from which runs a canal in- 
 wards to most complicated and beautiful 
 structures which form the middle and in- 
 ternal ear; the whole constitute the organ 
 of hearing. I have spoken of openings in 
 the throat which lead to the windpipe and 
 gullet : the back one is the orifice of the di- 
 gestive tube, the front one is the mouth of 
 
16 Medical Lectures 
 
 the windpipe which passing downwards to 
 the chest is part of the breathing apparatus. 
 The respiratory or breathing apparatus 
 consists of a tribe called the Windpipe, and 
 two spongy masses denominated Lungs. 
 The upper part of the windpipe communi- 
 cates with the mouth and nose; the lower 
 part of the tube divides into smaller branches 
 until they become so fine that they are im- 
 perceptible to the naked eye, and are lost in 
 minute cells. The upper part of the wind- 
 pipe, for about an inch and a half below the 
 chin, is called the Larynx, or vocal box. The 
 front part of this is very prominent in some 
 individuals, especially males, and is named 
 " Adam's Apple." Below the larynx, form- 
 ing the middle of the windpipe for about 
 five inches, is the Trachea, or rough tube. A 
 little way below the upper part of the breast 
 bone the trachea terminates by dividing in- 
 to two tubes, which are called the Bronchi, 
 and these proceed to various parts of the 
 chest under the name of the Bronchial Tubes, 
 and finally terminate in the small cells be- 
 
To Gentlemen. 17 
 
 fore mentioned, and known as bronchial cells. 
 It is computed that these cells, which are 
 not seen by the naked eye, number in both 
 lungs six hundred millions. 
 
 The windpipe is made up chiefly of carti- 
 laginous pieces, which are held together by 
 certain most beautiful contrivances ; and the 
 entire tube is lined by a kind of skin that 
 runs from the nose and mouth down into 
 the smallest bronchial cells, and is called 
 a Mucus Membrane. It is' supposed that if 
 this membrane were removed from the 
 windpipe and cells, and spread out it would 
 cover a surface twelve feet square. 
 
 The windpipe is placed in front of the 
 neck, in full view, while the lungs are hid 
 from observation by the Chest the walls of 
 which are bony, covered by muscles and 
 other substances, and lined by a delicate 
 membrane, which also covers the lungs, and 
 t is called Pleura. 
 
 The right lung is thicker and shorter 
 than the left, and is divided into three parts 
 or lobes. The left lung is longer and thinner 
 2* B 
 
18 Medical Lectures 
 
 than the right ; it has but two parts or lobes 
 The front end of each lung is about oppo- 
 site to the sixth rib, from which the end is 
 prolonged backwards and downwards until 
 it terminates opposite the tenth or eleventh 
 rib. The chest is bounded in front by the 
 breast bone and cartilages of the ribs, on 
 each side by the ribs, behind by twelve ver- 
 tebra or pieces of the spine, below by an 
 arched muscular and tendonous floor, the 
 Midriff, or Diaphragm, which separates the 
 cavity of the chest from the abdomen. A 
 well formed male adult measures from thir- 
 ty-four to forty inches around the chest. — 
 All the boundaries of this part move suffi- 
 ciently to allow of an alternate enlargement 
 and diminution of its cavity. 
 
 A few inches below the head the pharynx 
 or throat terminates in a membranous tube, 
 that runs downwards for nine or ten inches 
 in the back of the chest, the Esophagus, or 
 Gullet, which penetrating the diaphragm to 
 the left of the mesian line gets into the abdo- 
 men and ends in the Stomach. This a conoid- 
 
To Gentlemen. 19 
 
 al sac extending from under the ribs on the 
 left side more or less obliquely across the 
 belly into the right side. The stomach is 
 large and bulging on the left side, and gra- 
 dually lessons until it terminates in the In- 
 testinal Canal ; where it ends there is a thick 
 ring called Pylorus, or Porter, which con- 
 tracts the orifice of communication. Under 
 ordinary circumstances the stomach will 
 contain two to three pints of matter. The 
 Intestines, or Bowels, commence at the right 
 end of the stomach, and form a tube about 
 thirty feet long, which terminates between 
 the buttocks in the Anus. That portion of 
 the canal beginning at the stomach is about 
 twenty-four feet long ; it is folded and pack- 
 ed so closely as to occupy the smallest possi- 
 ble space in the abdomen ; this small bowel, 
 divided i nto Duodenum, Jejunum and Ilium, 
 ends in the large intestine or Colon, in the 
 right side just inside of the bone which 
 forms the side wall of the pelvis ; from this 
 point it passes upwards on the right side 
 until it gets near the ribs, thence across to 
 
20 Medical Lectures 
 
 the left side where it goes higher than the 
 right side, and forming a curve passes down 
 the left side to the point opposite to which 
 it started. The large bowel is about five 
 feet long, and terminates in the Rectum, or 
 straight Bowel ; this is about ten inches long, 
 and running downwards in front of the back 
 wall of the pelvis ends at the anus. The 
 Digestive Tube begins at the lips, and in- 
 cludes the mouth, throat, esophagus, stom- 
 ach, small and large intestines. That part 
 of the tube in the abdomen and pelvis has 
 four more or less perfect coats. The inner 
 coat is Mucus Membrane, so arranged in 
 plaits or folds that if it w 7 ere stretched out 
 it would be much longer than the rest of 
 the tube, the outer coats are cellular, muscu- 
 lar and serous substance. This last, under 
 the name of Peritoneum, lines the abdominal 
 walls, and after covering the bowels forms 
 folds which fasten the tube to the spine and 
 contiguous parts. Between the layers of 
 these folds are many blood vessels, nerves, 
 numerous small masses called glands which 
 
To Gentlemen. 21 
 
 are connected with the bowels by small ves- 
 sels named Lacteals, or milk tubes ; these pass 
 through the glands and run between the folds 
 of peritoneum towards the spine and empty 
 into the Thoracic Duct, which terminates 
 in a vein in the lower part of the left side of 
 the neck. Attached to the left side of the 
 stomach is anovoidal mass weighing usual- 
 ly about six ounces; it looks like a large clot 
 of blood and is named Spleen. Behind the 
 stomach lies a structure about nine inches 
 long, half an inch thick, and from one to 
 two inches wide, and named Fancreas, or 
 Sweet Bread ; it secretes a fluid like saliva. 
 The pancreas is traversed by a tube or duct 
 which enters the duodenum. 
 
 Immediately under the right ribs and 
 stretching into the left side is found the Liv- 
 er, the largest gland in the body. This organ 
 is about twelve inches long, six to eight 
 inches wide, and from one to five inches 
 thick; it weighs about three and a half 
 pounds. The liver is largely supplied with 
 blood vessels, and nerves. Upon the under 
 
22 Medical Lectures 
 
 side is placed a pear shaped bag called Gall 
 Bladder. The liver consists of small grains 
 which are aggregated to form the organ. 
 Starting in each granule is a small tube 
 which uniting with its fellows form the 
 Biliary Duct ; this passes a few inches and 
 is joined by the Cystic Duct, or excretory 
 tube of the gall bladder. The vessel thus 
 formed is the Common Duct, which after 
 passing a short space terminates near the 
 pancreatic duct in the duodenum about four 
 inches from the end of the stomach. In a 
 healthy condition the liver secretes about 
 four ounces of fluid, Bile, every day. 
 
 All the organs I have mentioned unite in 
 one work and form the Digestive Apparatus. 
 The process by which the food is' changed, 
 Digestion, is one of the most important and 
 interesting in the animal economy. The 
 food solid taken into the mouth is cut and 
 ground by the teeth, Mastication, mixed 
 with the saliva, Insalivation, carried into 
 the throat, swallowed, Deglutition, passed 
 down the esophagus into the stomach, where 
 
To Gentlemen. 23 
 
 meeting the juices there found, it is soaked 
 and compressed by the walls of that organ 
 and changed into a substance called Chyme ; 
 the process is chyraification ; the chyme goes 
 out of the stomach into the duodenum where 
 after passing about four inches it meets the 
 bile and pancreatic fluid; after mixing with 
 them the digesting matter is divided into 
 two parts, one attaches itself closely to the 
 inner wall of the bowel, and in its course 
 onwards is increased by the nutritive por- 
 tion of the second part, and converted by 
 the process of chylitication into chyle. As 
 the chyle is forced along by the contractions 
 of the muscular coat of the bowels the ori- 
 fices of the little vessels before mentioned, 
 lacteals, suck it up and it is carried by these 
 tubes to the thoracic duct and conveyed to 
 the vein in the neck previously referred to; 
 it then passes into the circulation, and after 
 being gradually formed into blood feeds 
 every part of the body. 
 
 In the chest, between the lungs, encroach- 
 ing upon the left side we find a sac of fibrous 
 
24 Medical Lectures 
 
 structure called Pericardium,, or Heart Bag, 
 lined by a shining membrane of serous char- 
 acter like the pleura and peritoneum ; within 
 this is a conoid al organ of muscular and ten- 
 donous substance, the Heart ; this lies base 
 upwards, rather obliquely from the middle 
 line towards the left side. The heart is 
 about six inches long, foiir inches wide at 
 the baseband varies from two to three inch- 
 es in thickness ; it weighs usually about six 
 ounces. The base is nearly opposite the 
 middle of the breast bone, while the apex 
 will be found between the sixth and eighth 
 ribs, as it may be contracted or relaxed. — 
 The heart is divided by a partition into 
 right and left sides. In the base of the or- 
 gan are two cavities with ear like append- 
 ages, and called Auricles ; below these and 
 communicating with them by openings are 
 two other cavities named Ventricles. Tw t o 
 large veins empty the blood from different 
 parts of the body into the right auricle; 
 when this is filled;each cavity holds about 
 two ounces ; its thin walls contract and the 
 
To Gentlemen. 25 
 
 fluid flows into tire right ventricle; when 
 the cavity is distended its thicker walls are 
 shortened and the fluid is forced through 
 the Pulmonary Artery into the lungs ; thus 
 far the blood is very dark colored, Venous 
 Blood ; in passing through the lungs it is 
 changed, as I will explain presently, and 
 assumes a bright hue, it is Arterial Blood 
 now ; the vessels gradually diminish in size 
 until they are not perceptible to the naked 
 eye, Capillaries, and terminate in the pulmo- 
 nary veins, and these, four in number, pour 
 it into the left auricle, this forces it the left 
 ventricle, whose walls are very thick and 
 strong, thence it is passed into a large arte- 
 ry, the Aorta, by whose branches it is dis- 
 tributed to all parts of the body. 
 
 As I have said, the blood passes through 
 the lungs. This fluid is' of two colors ; the 
 one dark colored, indeed almost black, call- 
 ed venous, and the other a bright red, named 
 arterial blood. The dark colored blood, 
 passing through minute vessels that are 
 spread over the mucus membrane lining 
 
 O 
 
26 Medical Lectures 
 
 the bronchial or air cells, is brought into 
 contact with the air that is taken into the 
 lungs by the act of inspiration. The taking 
 in of air, or inspiration, is effected about six- 
 teen times each minute, and, in ordinary 
 circumstances about twenty inches of air 
 pass into the lungs by each inspiration. By 
 this contact with the air a great change is 
 effected in the blood ; it gives off carbona- 
 ceous matter that mixes with the air re- 
 tained in the lungs, and its color is altered 
 from purple, venous blood, to the bright 
 red hue that indicates arterial blood. Other 
 changes also occur. 
 
 The red blood contains more oxygen and 
 has a greater capacity for heat than the 
 darker blood. By the act of expiration the 
 air not required in the lungs is thrown out 
 with the carbonaceous matter before men- 
 tioned, and the same processes, inspiration 
 and expiration are repeated several times 
 in a minute, so that as the dark blood is 
 brought into the lungs it may be constantly 
 changed or revivified. Respiration is form- 
 
To Gentlemen. 27 
 
 ed by the alternate acts of inspiration and 
 expiration. It is then carried by appropri- 
 ate vessels to the Heart, from which it is 
 forced into arteries, that convey it to all 
 parts of the body, where such quantities 
 are supplied as are necessary for nutrition 
 and other functions. The remainder, going 
 on, meets with other blood, which had been 
 previously sent to the part, and which, hav- 
 ing performed its duty, is changed in color, 
 and become purple or venous. The two 
 fluids intimately mix, and are carried back 
 to the heart to be sent through the lungs 
 and go again through the circuit that has 
 been described. 
 
 As the blood passes through the arteries 
 they dilate and contract alternately, and a 
 wave like movement is readily observed in 
 any superficial artery, as at the wrist, this 
 " movement" is the Pulse — this is synchro- 
 nas with the contractions of the heart. The 
 heart contracts or throws out the blood 
 about seventy-two times per minute. The 
 condition of the circulation is very closely 
 
28 Medical Lectures 
 
 ascertained by counting the inspirations and. 
 multiplying them by four and a half; thus 
 sixteen inspirations in a minute multiplied 
 by four and a half equal seventy-two, a suf* 
 ficient approximation for any practical pur- 
 pose. 
 
 The whole blood of the body is estimated 
 to be about twenty-eight pounds, sixteen 
 ounces to the pound, equal to four hundred 
 and forty-eight ounces. Please remember 
 that in using the figures I have mentioned 
 I do not imply mathematical accuracy, but 
 I am sufficiently near the mark for all ordi- 
 nary purposes. 
 
 Sometimes parts containing the same gen r 
 eral elements, but in different shapes, are 
 grouped together and called a System, i. e. 
 the brain, spinal marrow, and nerves, are 
 spoken of as one whole, and called the Nerv- 
 ous System. 
 
 This system is generally understood, even 
 by the unskilled in anatomy, to be one of 
 the most important in the body, and this 
 popular impression is fully sustained by sci- 
 
To Gentlemen. 29 
 
 entific authority. One of the best state- 
 ments of the uses of this system is given in 
 a recent work, as follows — "The nervous 
 system controls the functions of the animal 
 econonry, receives impressions from external 
 objects, and transmits those impressions to 
 the understanding." The correctness of this 
 exposition will be readily appreciated when 
 we remember that portions of this system 
 are found in every part of the body, and that 
 the different structures are tied together by 
 the freely communicating and everywhere 
 present nerves. 
 
 The Brain is the large soft mass situated 
 in the skull. It varies in weight, in the 
 male it is from forty to fifty-six ounces. 
 Five-sixths of the mass form the Cerebrum, 
 or great brain ; the other sixth, lying in the 
 back part of the head, is called Cerebellum, 
 or little brain, and is situated under the first 
 or great brain. Connected with the brain 
 is a rounded cord, the Spinal Marrow, which 
 traverses the canal formed by the vertebrae 
 or bones of the spine. Passing to and from 
 3* 
 
30 Medical Lectures 
 
 the brain and spinal marrow are white cords 
 which I have spoken of as Nerves ; those 
 which go out convey power from within, 
 while the ones which pass in transmit the 
 sensasions made by impressions received by 
 the organs ; the first are called nerves of mo- 
 tion, the second are the nerves of sensation. 
 Besides these are the nerves which control 
 particular functions, as seeing, &c, and are 
 named nerves of special sense. Many years 
 ago, 1848, 1 compared this arrangement of 
 nervous matter and its functions to the 
 Magnetic Telegraph, and an examination 
 will demonstrate I think, the aptness of the 
 simile. In addition to the parts mentioned 
 we find in different parts of the body many 
 nervous cords, with knot like arrangements 
 in various places, Ganglia, which pass from 
 organ to organ, uniting the various parts, 
 and seeming to produce a sympathy of ac- 
 tion between them. These irregular nerves 
 form the Sympathetic System. 
 
 The nervous system has long been looked 
 upon as the medium through which the 
 
To Gentlemen. 31 
 
 mind or soul operates. So important is this 
 union of immaterial essense and material 
 substance considered, that the most profound 
 theologians, the best physiologists and phy- 
 sicians, and the learned of all professions, 
 have spent much time and put forth many 
 hypotheses with a view to explain this won- 
 derful union. But thus for, although many 
 beautiful speculations have been promulga- 
 ted, the manner of the connexion and the 
 mode in which the mind, an emanation 
 from the Deity, is united with and operates 
 through human organs, is not yet demon- 
 strated. But notwithstanding no perfect 
 exposition of the arrangement can be made 
 by finite mortals, Providence has permitted 
 us to learn enough of his wonderful works 
 to apprehend at least the fact that mind and 
 body reciprocally operate upon each other. 
 My hearers will please understand clearly 
 that I repudiate entirely all ideas of materi- 
 alism, or that perverted, so called, philoso- 
 phy, that attempts to explain mental phe- 
 nomena, by any known law of physiology or 
 
32 Medical Lectures 
 
 other branch of natural science. My belief 
 is, that in the functions of the human body 
 an essence called mind, is so intimately con- 
 nected with the bodily organs by means of 
 the nervous system, that diseases or disor- 
 der of the functions of the body will inter- 
 fere with the operations of the mind, and 
 that derangements of mental functions will 
 produce disorder or disease in the organs of 
 the physical structure. 
 
 It is believed that diseases of the nervous 
 and muscular systems prevail more in our 
 own country than in any other. The Ameri- 
 can climate is far drier and more stimulating 
 than the European, and it quickens the nerv- 
 ous system to far greater activity. This is 
 one, among many reasons, for the acknowl- 
 edged fact, that the Americans are quicker 
 wittecl, more inventive, and, to use a home 
 word, " smarter" than Europeans generally. 
 Taken in connexion with the fact that the 
 means of getting at least moderate wealth 
 are within every one's reach, this peculiarity 
 of climate gives us another national charac- 
 
To Gentlemen. 33 
 
 teristic, viz. the desire to "go ahead," to get 
 rapidly rich, and the willingness to work in- 
 cessantly, both with brain and hands, by day 
 and by night, to accomplish this object. — 
 Few are aware, amid the hurry of business, 
 the incitements of ambition, and the almost 
 universal abuse of the sexual organs, of the 
 physical wear and tear they are all the while 
 undergoing. The result is that they either 
 break down suddenly with nervous prostra- 
 tion, heart disease, &c, or else (and more 
 commonly) lay the foundation for life-long 
 suffering, or for rapid decay, in dyspepsia, 
 neuralgia, nervous weakness, insanity, sper- 
 matorhcea, heart disease, or consumption. 
 The Urinary organs are the Kidneys, two, 
 and the Bladder. Each kidney is of brown 
 color, about four inches long, two wide, and 
 one inch thick, and weighs about four 
 ounces. The kidneys are placed in the back 
 of the abdomen, in the loins, one on each 
 6ide of the spine, and behind the bowels. 
 A very good idea of them may be had from 
 an examination of a sheep's kidney. Each 
 c 
 
34 Medical Lectures 
 
 organ is more or less convex, but flattened 
 on each surface ; the front or spinal edge has 
 in it a deep notch, occupied by nerves and 
 vessels passing in and out. The right kid- 
 ney is lower down, nearer the pelvis, than 
 the left. On the top of each kidney is a fat- 
 ty like mass called the capsule of the kidney. 
 "When the kidney is cut through from side 
 to side, its outer part for about half an inch 
 in thickness is seen to be formed of small 
 grains ; the inner portion is an aggregation 
 of small tubes which converge, and form 
 many little nipple eminences — each of these 
 has a small open depression at its apex ; the 
 " eminences" are surrounded by little bags 
 which end in a tube, Ureter, about ten inches 
 long, that runs to the back of the lower 
 part of the bladder. 
 
 The kidneys are very liberally supplied 
 with blood, and they secrete or form the 
 fluid known as Urine. There is made from 
 thirty-two to forty ounces, one quart to one 
 quart and a quarter, of this fluid every day, 
 under ordinary circumstances, but the quan- 
 
To Gentlemen 35 
 
 tity is relatively greater in cold weather. 
 The urine passes drop by drop through the 
 ureters, or urine tubes, into the Bladder. 
 Asa general thing the urine is of pale straw 
 color, with its acid, alkaline and other con- 
 stituents so equally blended that it is of 
 neutral character, but in some disordered 
 or diseased conditions it changes in hue, be- 
 coming pale or a very dark color, and its 
 composition is so disturbed that it is dis- 
 tinctly alkaline or acid, and from being 
 comparatively inodorous it becomes fetid. 
 At times some of its ingredients separate 
 and form sandy granules which are called 
 Gravel. Occasionally these " granules" grow T 
 together and iovm. Stone. And in many 
 other ways the functions of the kidneys are 
 deranged either by disease in themselves, or 
 sympathetically from irregular actions of 
 other organs. 
 
 The Bladder is a somewhat oval sac, flat- 
 tened at the base. It is situated in the pel- 
 vis or basin ; in its general condition it will 
 contain from one to two pints of fluid, but 
 
86 Medical Lectures 
 
 when distended I have known it to hold 
 from four to five pints of urine. The walls 
 of the bladder are thin, and separable into 
 four more or less perfect coats. The greater 
 part of the organ is smooth and uniform, 
 but as we approach the lower portion, at a 
 contracted part called its Neck, changes oc- 
 cur. We find a firm substance about the 
 size of a horse chestnut, up to middle age, 
 equally divided into two parts or lobes, this 
 is the Prostrate Gland. As life advances, 
 especially in those who have committed sex- 
 ual abuse, a prominence forms in the inside 
 of the bladder between the two parts, and 
 is called the third lobe of the prostrate. Up 
 to middle age, in a healthy condition, the 
 urine may be retained for several hours, but 
 when enlargement occurs, or other diseases, 
 of which I shall speak shortly, are present, 
 the urine must be voided more frequently. 
 If a finger be well oiled and passed gently, 
 with the end curved forward, for a short 
 distance through the anus, the size and lo 
 cation of the prostrate can be readily learn- 
 
To Gentlemen. 37 
 
 ed. Connected with the prostrate and run- 
 ning backwards obliquely from it are two 
 oblong spongy bags called Seminal Vesicles. 
 A short distance above these, towards the 
 sides of of the bladder the ureters are seen 
 penetrating the walls of the organ obliquely. 
 Between the " vesicles" two hard tubes are 
 placed ; these come from the testicles, and 
 will be explained directly. Within the pros- 
 trate is a short tube ; the opening at the in- 
 ner end of this is the mouth of the bladder, 
 through which the urine, semen, and some- 
 times other fluids, pass into the urethra to 
 be excreted at the outer end of that tube. 
 
 The Sexual organs are the Penis and Testi- 
 cles. The first, penis, is attached by two 
 roots or legs to the front bones of the pelvis, 
 from which it passes downward, in the flac- 
 cid condition, from five to eight inches, and 
 is cylindroidal in shape. It is divided into 
 roots of which I have spoken, body and head, 
 the roots passing from the pelvis form two 
 rounded bodies, united in the middle, full 
 of small caverns, and hence called the Cav- 
 4 
 
38 Medical Lectures 
 
 ernous bodies; between and below these is 
 an elongated spongy mass, the Spongy body, 
 which passing to the ends of the cavernous 
 bodies expands and forms a cap like covering 
 which is the head, or glans, of the penis. The 
 back part of the "head" is bounded by a 
 prominent oblique ridge called the crown of 
 the penis ; between this and the ends of the 
 cavernous bodies is a groove named the 
 neck of the penis. The head is covered by 
 a smooth skin of mucus membrane. The 
 entire organ is protected by a sheath like 
 covering of common skin, near the extrem- 
 ity of the organ this skin forms a more or 
 less perfect fold, the prepuce. This skin 
 covers the head in boyhood, and sometimes 
 continues elongated, producing disorders to 
 be referred to hereafter, and frequently the 
 operation of circumcision must be perform- 
 ed to obtain relief. On the under surface it 
 sends forward a little process which ties the 
 prepuce to the head, and thus is formed the 
 frocnum, or bridle. Within the skin of the 
 prepuce as it surrounds the neck of the pe 
 
To Gentlemen. 39 
 
 nis are many little pouches, like fingers of a 
 glove, in which is formed a white secretion, 
 smegma, if this be allowed to accumulate, or 
 if careful washing of the parts be neglected, 
 great irritation is excited, a discharge re- 
 sembling; gonorrhoea occurs, or ulceration 
 like syphilis is formed; these " pouches" are 
 ^called the glands of Tyson. 
 
 The spongy body is traversed by a canal, 
 the urethra, through which the urine passes 
 from the bladder; this runs beyond the pe- 
 nis to the mouth of the bladder ; the part 
 intervening between the prostrate and the 
 spongy body is the membranous portion of 
 the urethra, and is from half an inch to an 
 inch long. Above the " roots" is a mass of 
 fatty matter, the mons veneris, covered with 
 hair. 
 
 Hanging from the penis and adjoining 
 parts, between the thighs, is a bag, the 
 Scrotum. Its outer surface is more or less 
 covered by hair, within it there are a thin 
 layer of muscular substance and a layer of 
 serous membrane. Inside of these coverings 
 
40 Medical Lectures 
 
 we find, on each side, an organ about an 
 inch and a quarter long, three-quarters of an 
 inch wide, and half an inch thick ; these are 
 the Testicles. The left testicle is usually an 
 inch or so lower than the right. These or- 
 gans are very liberally supplied with vessels 
 and nerves, and are exquisitely sensitive. 
 Each testicle is surrounded by a close coat- 
 ing of fibrous structure. Each organ con- 
 sists of numerous small masses called lobuli, 
 or little tubes. Every one of these bodies, 
 lobuli, is made of a thread like tube which 
 is folded and packed in such a waj^ as to 
 take the least posssible room ; if this were 
 stretched out it would form a tube nearly a 
 mile long. These tubes after many convo- 
 lutions end in a conduit, on each side, that 
 passes out of the scrotum and through the 
 walls of the abdomen, and terminates in the 
 base of the bladder. These conduits, or ex- 
 cretory tubes, are about ten inches long, and 
 are named vasa dejerentia. These vessels, 
 nerves and other substances form cords, 
 spermatic cords, which keep the tisticles sus- 
 
To Gentlemen. , 41 
 
 pencled in the scrotum. The testicles secrete 
 or form from the blood, of which they receive 
 a large quantity as I have said, a creamy or 
 white of egg like fluid, which is the Semen, 
 or masculine liquor. The quantity of this 
 liquor formed in a day varies according to 
 the condition of the organs, whether quies- 
 cent or sexually excited ; in the former case 
 it may be from half a dram to a dram in 
 twenty-four hours. When examined under 
 the microscope there are found in semen 
 many little tadpole like substances moving 
 about quickly as though endowed with the 
 most intense vitality ; these are the sperma- 
 torrzoea, or seminal animalcules. It is gene- 
 rally believed that these bodies give to the 
 semen impregnating or vitalizing power. 
 The semen is the most concentrated or 
 strongest secretion in the body. It is sup- 
 pused that twenty-five ounces of blood are 
 used in forming one ounce of this fluid. If 
 this calculation be true, and it is sufficientlv 
 approximative to teach us an important les- 
 son, we learn that the waste of one ounce of 
 4* 
 
42 . Medical Lectures 
 
 semen is equal to the loss of one-eighteenth 
 of all the blood in the body. Please bear 
 this fact in mind ; I shall refer to it again. 
 
 It is not my purpose to explain how im- 
 pregnation follows the union of the sexes ; I 
 have told you briefly of the structure of the 
 sexual organs, by whose use we fulfil God's 
 command " Be fruitful, and multiply, and 
 replenish the earth." 
 
 I have not attempted a, minute description 
 of the body or its functions, but I have said 
 enough to enable us to appreciate Shak- 
 speare's beautiful exposition of the human 
 being: " What a piece of work is man! 
 How noble in reason ! How infinite in facul- 
 ties ! in action, how like an angel ! in appre- 
 hension, how like^ a god ! the beauty of the 
 world ! the paragon of animals ! " 
 
 There is no human act which yields so 
 much pleasure as that afforded by the use 
 of the sexual organs in the discharge of one 
 of their functions — cohabitation with a wo- 
 man. But it does not follow because God 
 made our organs of generation and endow- 
 
To Gentlemen. 43 
 
 ed us, within certain limits, with the desire 
 for, and power of sexual intercourse, that a 
 man should »>e all the time thinking of it 
 or trying to do it, although the absorbing 
 thought with some men is how to get the 
 most pleasure in sexual gratification in the 
 shortest time. 
 
 Any machine if constantly worked will 
 soon give out, while man, who is the " Tem- 
 ple of the living God," and made up by 
 pieces of the most perfect machinery ever 
 conceived of, seems to forget or ignore the 
 fact that the excessive working of one part 
 ♦ impairs its usefulness, or entirely destroys 
 its power ; nor does the mischief stop in the 
 abused, part, but through the connexion or 
 sympathy which unites all parts into one 
 harmonious whole, other organs, even seem- 
 ingly remote ones, are disordered, the func- 
 tions of all parts become perverted, health 
 is permanently impaired, and loss of life is 
 the forfeit paid for the abuse of the organs, 
 or for the inordinant and wicked gratifica- 
 tion of a natural and pleasure yielding 
 function. 
 
44 Medical Lectures 
 
 I have been asked very often how many 
 times can a man practice sexual inter- 
 course? My reply has been, and is T I cannot 
 tell definitely. I know one man who is 
 satisfied once a week, and I attend another 
 whose average number of acts of sexual in- 
 tercourse is twenty times every seven days. 
 They are both of middle age; the first en- 
 joys constant good health, and is placid in 
 temper; the second, although naturally ro- 
 bust, is of irritable temper, has had quick 
 attacks of dangerous character, and is al- 
 most certain, unless lie stop in his mad ca- 
 reer, and change his wicked course, that 
 he will die in the sexual act, or from some 
 sudden attack of disease in the head or 
 heart, and which will be clearly traceable to 
 his abuse of one of God's gifts. Many years 
 as;o a clerical friend asked me how often a 
 man might have intercourse without in- 
 juring the health of his wife or himself. 
 Before I replied, I inquired how often they 
 did it? Thev were about thirty-five years 
 old, and healthy ; his answer was, " once 
 
To Gentlemen. 45 
 
 every day, and occasionally more than that * 
 to make up for lost time during her men- 
 struation." I told him that once a week was 
 enough for health and all proper pleasure. 
 I added, you are a theologian and should 
 remember Luther's opinion that twice a 
 week was enough of this gratification for 
 all reasonable and right minded people. 
 The age at which sexual power commences, 
 as indicated by the seminal secretion, varies, 
 but in this climate at about fourteen years 
 such changes are manifested in the male as 
 show that he is passing from childhood to 
 adolescence, the period of Puberty has ar- 
 rived. The u changes" are seen in the mor- 
 al as well as physical condition ; in some 
 eases the boy becomes more modest and re- 
 served, while in others he gets bolder, more 
 self possessed and shows traits of incipient 
 manliness. In warmer climates puberty is 
 developed earlier than here, while in cold 
 latitudes it is generally later. At this period 
 semen is formed, and its presence seems to 
 give an energy and feelings not previously 
 
46 Medical Lectures. 
 
 possessed. The seminal formation indicates 
 procreative power, but it is not the evidence 
 of the first sexual desire, for this often exists 
 years before the fluid is developed, but it is 
 true that from this period, puberty, the vi- 
 rile power continues until old age, unless 
 the man by his sexual abuse shall have so 
 much impaired his vital powers as to de- 
 stroy his capacity. 
 
 After the age of fifty, in ordinary cases, 
 the power of man to do the sexual act di- 
 minishes until it is quite gone at from sixty 
 to sixty-five years, but I have known it to 
 continue much longer. Some years ago I 
 had a patient between seventy-two and three 
 years of age who assured me had sexual in- 
 tercourse once a week, and could do it as 
 well as when he was fifty. But this is an 
 exceptional case. I have often heard men 
 over sixty boast that they could perform 
 the act as well as when they were forty, ex- 
 cept tfiat it now. at over sixty, took them 
 a little longer. From this statement one 
 might infer that from the commencement 
 
To Gentlemen. 47 
 
 of the effort it required a longer time for 
 enjoyment than previously. A very slight 
 analysis of facts will show that this story 
 is not true ; in any ordinary case if a man 
 commence the sexual act at twenty, and 
 tew wait until that age, and practice it even 
 moderately until sixty will have used up his 
 venereal power ; his mind can still think of 
 the enjoyment as intensely as before, but 
 the muscles which erect the penis have par- 
 tially lost their power and do not obey the 
 will as at earlier age. When he attempts 
 the act he has thought of it intensely and is 
 much excited, and when he tries the per- 
 formance even with a half erect penis, the 
 semen is soon ejected and he is done, with- 
 out power to renew the effort until many 
 hours or days elapse. Thus many men of 
 this age die in the act, or very soon suc- 
 cumb after its performance. If men would 
 only thank God for the pleasure he has en- 
 abled them to enjoy, and think that there is 
 a limit to human power, they would not so 
 strain themselves to attain what it is impos- 
 sible for them to accomplish. 
 
48 Medical Lectures 
 
 Man attains his stature and full develop- 
 ment of his organs as a general thing be- 
 tween the twentieth and twenty-fifth year of 
 his age, and if he be wise and wish to enjoy 
 all his functions to a " good old age," he 
 will not use Jhis sexual organs in the genera- 
 tive act before this period. But how few 
 " w r ise" people do we find ; there are few y 
 very few, that retain their virgin as St, 
 Paul calls it until even the earliest year 
 named. As soon as semen is formed most 
 boys think they are quite or nearly men 7 
 and to prove their manly powder they plunge 
 into all kinds of venereal excesses. Al- 
 though they have not the power of procrea- 
 tion until puberty is passed, it is an unfor- 
 tunate, but positive fact that there are few 
 boy& who have not indulged in sexual exci- 
 tation either by themselves or with other 
 boys, in the abominable, wicked, and soul 
 destroying habit of 8 elf -Pollution or Mastur- 
 bation. The word Onanism is sometimes 
 used as a synonyme, but it differs greatly 
 from the " secret vice.' 7 On this subject I 
 
To Gentlemen. 49 
 
 advise you to read the 38th chapter of Gen- 
 esis and Dr. Adam Clarke's Commentary 
 thereon. There is no age or condition of 
 life in which there are not some who pur- 
 sue this loathsome practice. As many of 
 you are aware my experience as a physician 
 runs back for more than forty years, in 
 which time I have always had a very large 
 private practice, I have been physician to 
 public institutions, consulting physician 
 and Physician in Chief to the Philadelphia 
 Hospital, Lunatic Asylum and Alms House. 
 I have taught some department of medical 
 knowledge every year since 1829, I have 
 been connected as teacher and Professor 
 with many literary and Medical Institu- 
 tions, my courses of instruction have inclu- 
 ded all the branches usually taught in Med- 
 ical Colleges except Chemistry. Many of 
 the most prominent physicians, and the 
 most distinguished teachers and professors 
 in our land have been my pupils. And I 
 believe with two or three exceptions, I have 
 taught Surgery longer than any man in the 
 5 D 
 
50 Medical Lectures 
 
 United States. I do not state these facts 
 boastingly, but for the information of those 
 who do not know me or my history, and to 
 show that my experience and means of ob- 
 servation have been as great as this country 
 can afford. 
 
 Among the many that have been under 
 my care for the relief of some of the dis- 
 eases produced by masturbation, were the 
 sons of Physicians, Clergymen, Judges, 
 Lawyers, and all other vocations. I have 
 treated many medical and theological stu- 
 dents, and I am satisfied there are few, if 
 any, institutions of learning from the pri- 
 maiy school to the highest university in 
 which there are not many victims of this 
 devil hatched habit. Nor is the practice 
 confined to any age, I have detected it in 
 boys four years old, and found it in the man 
 of sixty. I have seen it among married men 
 as w T ell as single men. I might give you 
 many cases as illustrations, but time will 
 not permit. 
 
 The space of an ordinary lecture or two 
 
To Gentlemen. 51 
 
 would afford me time to tell you the terri- 
 ble effects of masturbation or excessive ve- 
 nery. I will refer in a short way to some 
 of the derangements of the nervous and 
 muscular systems and other organs. After- 
 wards I shall speak more particularly of 
 some diseases that impair health and short- 
 en life. 
 
 As a consequence of nervous derangements, 
 the other systems of the body become more 
 or less irregular in their functions. But no 
 one system is more intimately connected 
 with or readily sympathises with the nerv- 
 ous than the muscular system ; hence dis- 
 eases or disorders of the one are always ac- 
 companied or followed by some perverted 
 action of the other. 
 
 The symptoms which indicate disease or 
 disorder of these systems are very numerous. 
 They show themselves sometimes in the 
 head iu the shape of headache, more or less 
 severe, ringing and strange noises in the 
 ears, imperfections of vision, motes floating, 
 or flashes of light passing before the eyes, 
 
52 Medical Lectures 
 
 itching and irritation of the nose, dryness 
 of the mouth, and sour or disagreeable 
 taste. In the throat and chest will some- 
 times be found difficulty of swallowing, ir- 
 ritation about the lungs as indicated by oc- 
 casional attacks of difficulty of breathing, 
 and indisposition or inability to lie down, 
 irregular action of the heart, as palpitations, 
 at times a feeling as though the heart had 
 ceased occasionally to act, and the patient 
 experiences most distressing sensations of 
 weakness, sinking and death-like feeling; 
 want of appetite, sickness of stomach, sen- 
 sation of fulness, weight and uneasiness un- 
 der the left lower ribs; heartburn and water 
 brash often ensue. The patient sometimes 
 experiences slight pains and uneasiness in 
 the right side, which appear to pass to the 
 shoulders of centre of the back, between the 
 shoulder blades. He is troubled with flatu- 
 lence and rumblings in the bowels; the 
 bowels themselves are generally irregular, 
 sometimes costive, at other times loose ; the 
 urine is occasionally discharged more fre- 
 
To Gentlemen. 53 
 
 quently than natural, in larger quantity, 
 and of pale color; in other cases the quanti- 
 ty is small, the color deepened, and it ap- 
 pears to contain some foreign matter float- 
 ing in it ; while in other cases again there are 
 frequent calls but difficulty is experienced 
 in evacuating the bladder. There are pains 
 in the back or uneasy sensations in that re- 
 gion, with a general feeling of lassitude or 
 indisposition to take exercise or make bodily 
 effort. 
 
 The foregoing symptoms, more or less 
 combined, generally indicate either some 
 lesion of the nervous or muscular svstem, 
 or of both together, produced by the general 
 causes previously referred to, or else some 
 disorder of^their functional action. 
 
 The excessive excitement accompanying 
 the venereal act produces irregular determi- 
 nations of blood which sometimes rupture 
 one or more vessels in the lungs, to be follow- 
 ed by quick or slow consumption. Should 
 the head be the congested part, apoplexy 
 5* 
 
54 Medical Lectures 
 
 may come on and be succeeded by paralysis, 
 epilepsy or insanity. 
 
 I might increase the list of ailments to 
 much greater length, but I have said enough 
 to show you the effects upon the general 
 system of the violations of God's law, to 
 which I have referred. 
 
 From the terrible effects of masturbation, 
 part of which only have I detailed, one 
 would naturally think that parents and 
 physicians should be cognizant of the facts, 
 but this is very often not the case ; the father 
 attributes the son's failing health to some 
 peculiar Providential affliction, and if a hint 
 of the true condition be given, he becomes 
 angry that such vile conduct should be im- 
 puted to his son. The following statement 
 will show that physicians are sometimes 
 wofully ignorant of these matters. About 
 twenty-five years ago I met Dr. B., an or- 
 thodox Quaker, a well informed Christian 
 man, one of our best physicians and engaged 
 in a large practice, he graduated about 1805. 
 He said to me, " I am told Doctor that in 
 
To Gentlemen. 55 
 
 thy surgical lectures thee Says much about 
 masturbation." I replied " Yes, every year 
 since I have been a teacher or professor in 
 a medical institution I give, in my course, 
 one or two lectures on this subject, and 
 Doctor B. I am sorry to say I fear I am 
 one of the few medical teachers that speak 
 fully of this vice and its terrible conse- 
 quences." Says my friend, " I have prac- 
 tised forty years and have seen very little 
 of this thing ; does thee think it is com- 
 mon ?" I answered " No, Doctor, I do not 
 think it is very common, I know it is prac- 
 tised much oftener than good people like 
 you imagine. In your practice you have 
 treated young persons affected thus and so, 
 what think you are are the causes ? " "I 
 supposed such symptoms arose from dyspep- 
 sia, heart irritability or nervousness ; but I 
 know," added he, " that thee has had great 
 means of observation, and, believing thee to 
 know I shall examine more closely hereaf- 
 ter." 
 
 The object of the remarks I have made 
 
56 Medical Lectures 
 
 will be but imperfectly attained unless we 
 learn some means to prevent the practice by 
 young boys, and, second, to adopt a course 
 for those more advanced in life, that they 
 can obtain the relief or cure of the terrible 
 conditions they" have plunged themselves 
 into. 
 
 I trust that parents among my listeners 
 are now satisfied of the great prevalence of 
 this vice, and the great responsibility God 
 has devolved upon them in giving them 
 children to rear. My suggestions will be 
 hygienic, and I will try to make them so 
 plain that the most ignorant can follow 
 them. First From the earliest infancy the 
 child should be so carefully fed that de- 
 rangements of the digestive organs will be 
 avoided, and the formation of worms in the 
 bowels prevented. These parasites are sup- 
 posed by many to be natural and necessary 
 during childhood ; this a great error, they 
 are produced by improper diet, lack of pro- 
 per cleanliness, &c. "When they do exist 
 they often accumulate in the lower bowel, 
 
To Gentlemen. 57 
 
 and establish irritation there which is readi- 
 ly communicated to the adjoining bladder 
 and penis. It will generally be found that 
 children thus afflicted urinate oftener than 
 others, scratch the anus, and titillate the 
 penis to relieve the irritation, and thus is 
 established in the very young' a habit which 
 often destroys life. In addition to proper 
 feeding the child should be kept thoroughy 
 clean. 
 
 Second. Children should always sleep 
 alone. They should not be allowed to visit 
 out-houses, or private rooms with servants 
 or other boys. Whenever a call occurs for 
 natural evacuations the mother should at- 
 tend to her boy herself, or only intrust him 
 to one whose age and proper principles jus- 
 tify the confidence. In all cases the great- 
 est care should be taken that the bladder 
 and bowels of the child are fully evacuated 
 before he goes to bed. 
 
 I might give many cases to prove the ne- 
 cessity of the course mentioned, but I will 
 not delay. I think my advice will be suffi- 
 cient to all who know me. 
 
58 Medical Lectures 
 
 Third. As the boy gets older, explain fully 
 and affectionately to him the course of liv- 
 ing he should pursue, and caution him 
 against beginning the habit either from 
 natural impulse or the teachings of those 
 older and more corrupt than himself. Un- 
 til at least fifteen years old, all boys should 
 avoid hot bread, pies, rich pudding and fried 
 food, coffee, tea, stimulating drinks and to- 
 bacco. They ought to live on milk, water, 
 bread, crackers, potatoes, rice, tomatoes 
 and the ordinary vegetables, and fruits in 
 their seasons. They should eat animal food 
 but once a day, and that at dinner from 
 twelve to two o'clock. They should be as 
 much as possible in the open air. They 
 should learn boxing, dancing, rowing and 
 other athletic exercises. I advise you to 
 send your sons to the gymnasium of my 
 friend Mr. Thomas Barrett. They should be 
 taught to enjoy life, that they are respon- 
 sible beings, and that their early conduct 
 makes or mars their subsequent existence. 
 Parents should always be truthful to, and, 
 
. To Gentlemen. 59 
 
 as far as possible, confidential with their 
 boys. There is more sense and honor in 
 children than people imagine. I know that 
 some persons think it better to let children 
 grow up ignorant of these matters, fearing 
 they might excite improper thoughts. I 
 pity these "mistaken souls," if they ever 
 knew the fact, they forget that from the 
 time of Adarn we " are prone to evil as the 
 sparks to fly upward." 
 
 When puberty is reached the boy passes 
 somewhat from the control of the father, 
 but his care should not be relaxed, and his 
 affectionate watching should be continued. 
 A boy at a school, or literary institution, 
 even if before virtuous, and not practising 
 self-pollution, is very apt to acquire the 
 habit from the example or advice of others, 
 and hence the necessity of special parental 
 care. Free advice and full instruction 
 should be freely given him, and some pro- 
 per book upon this subject be j)laced in his 
 hands for careful study. Such general hy- 
 gienic course" as I have advised for younger 
 
60 Medical Lectures 
 
 boys should be carried out. Among the 
 best means to induce and maintain health 
 is bathing, by washing, or swimming. As 
 access to open water cannot always be had, 
 the most healthful and delightful method 
 of bathing is by the Turkish Bath. No one 
 who has not enjoyed this luxury can appre- 
 ciate the feelings of buoyancy, and delight- 
 ful sensations which follow the "bath/' At 
 the establishment of the Messrs. Elvins the 
 "bath" is given in the most scientific and 
 pleasant manner. 
 
 From my remarks in the beginning of 
 this lecture, it must be obvious to you that 
 it would be improper to suggest the use of 
 drugs to you. I could tell you of some 
 medicines that might do good where proper 
 professional advice cannot be obtained, but 
 the right and best course is to seek the aid 
 of a good Surgeon, as soon as the boy's 
 health begins to give way. He should be 
 informed fully of all the facts, and his ad- 
 vice implicitly followed. Be very careful 
 whom you select; many physicians will not 
 
To Gentlemen. 61 
 
 treat such cases, and comparatively few un- 
 derstand them, as was the case with my 
 friend Dr. B. of whom I spoke a while ago. 
 It is a very good thing for all healthy 
 persons of whatever age to spend a few 
 minutes in bed after waking, for the pur- 
 pose of turning, and stretching to get the 
 blood circulating properly, and let the nerv- 
 ous system get fairly started in its work. 
 But the very opposite course should be ta- 
 ken by boys and pollutors ; when they wake 
 up it is very usual for them to examine the 
 virile organs, thus producing sexual excite- 
 ment, which generally ends in masturba- 
 tion. They should get up as soon as they 
 fairly wake, and at the very beginning 
 of the day banish or restrain all thoughts 
 of sexual enjoyment. All such persons 
 should lie on hard beds, and, if possible, 
 avoid sleeping on the back. To induce pol- 
 lutors and those who have nocturnal emis- 
 sions to avoid lying on the back, they should 
 make a knot in the middle of a long towel, 
 and after placing the " knot" over the spine 
 6 
 
62 Medical Lectures 
 
 tie it around the loins, and keep it on all 
 night. All such persons should prevent 
 lecherous thoughts, especially before going 
 to or while in bed. 
 
 LECTURE SECOND. 
 
 I pass now to the examination of results 
 manifested in the genital and urinary or- 
 gans. Under ordinary circumstances the 
 semen is evacuated only in the sexual act, 
 but in the pollutor or sensualist it is dis- 
 charged to such an extent without excite- 
 ment as to impair health seriously, or de- 
 velop diseases which destroy life. This dis- 
 charge is named Spermatorrhoea, or sperm 
 flow. After a discharge of urine, evacuation 
 of the bowels, riding on horseback or strain- 
 ing in any way, the attention of the patient 
 is arrested by a white of egg like effusion 
 from the urethra which sometimes exudes 
 drop by drop, or flows in a stream to the 
 
To Gentlemen. 63 
 
 extent of a teaspoonful or more in a day. 
 Fortunately this discharge is not always 
 pure semen, but is partially from the semi- 
 nal vesicles, prostrate gland and urethra, 
 but still the drain is sufficient to produce in 
 a few days many or all the symptoms I have 
 mentioned. You will readily understand 
 wKat terrible conditions may follow if you 
 remember what I said of the quantity of 
 blood necessary to make one ounce of this 
 fluid. The sufferings of the opium eater 
 are relatively nothing to the tortures of the 
 sensualist; and although he is suffering a 
 just punishment, it is pitiable to witness 
 the gloom and agony that so frequently af- 
 fect such persons. 
 
 The bladder lies upon the rectum, or last 
 bowel, for a short distance above the anus, 
 and sometimes sperm discharge is occasion- 
 ed by piles and other diseases of the intes- 
 tine. 
 
 Under ordinary circumstances the urine 
 flows, after the discharge begins, in an un- 
 interrupted stream until it is all evacuated ; 
 
64 Medical Lectures 
 
 and it is not voided more than once in four 
 or five hours, if so often, and a healthy 
 male after he evacuates his bladder as he 
 goes to bed, can lie until he gets up again, 
 without disturbance from the urinary secre- 
 tion. But as very few men are "healthy" 
 in these organs, about four out of every ten 
 experience more or less severely the trou- 
 bles I shall detail presently. But first I will 
 state a fact well known to properly inform- 
 ed physicians, i. e., any organ or part used 
 exclusively requires and receives more blood 
 than is natural to it, and diseased action or 
 irritation is established ; hence the medical 
 maxim " where there is irritation there will 
 be a flux" or increase of fluids, and as a se- 
 quence diseased action will soon be establish- 
 ed. In masturbators and sensualists, as a 
 general thing, the flow of urine is not so 
 free as in a healthy condition, and the man- 
 ner of a discharge is greatly altered. The 
 change to which I refer occurs so gradually 
 that a patient is hardly conscious of it until 
 he finds positive difficulty in urination, or 
 
To Gentlemen. 65 
 
 is annoyed by the frequency of the discharge. 
 When his attention is called to the matter, 
 he learns he desires to make water more fre- 
 quently than before, that the stream is di- 
 minished in size, is more twisted than for- 
 merly, or comes out in two or three streams. 
 He observes too that the call to pass water 
 is more urgent, although no annoyance was 
 felt till a few minutes before, and that when 
 he tries to evacuate the stream will not be- 
 gin at once, it passes drop by drop at first, 
 and gradually increases in size, until the 
 hi adder, as he supposes, is emptied; but 
 much to his surprise he finds when his pe- 
 nis is returned to its place that there is a 
 dribbling of urine, or his inclinations to dis- 
 charge are so strong he must expose the or- 
 gan again, and allow the few drops of re- 
 tained fluid to be forced out. There 'is 
 established a deposit from the blood in the 
 form of a thread like constriction, (there 
 may be one or more of them) a swelling on 
 some part of the tube, or an elongated de- 
 posit which greatly diminishes the size of 
 6* E 
 
66 Medical Lectures 
 
 the canal, and thus is formed Scricture of 
 the Urethra. Besides the troubles I have 
 mentioned, he will soon observe that more 
 or less semen flows from the urethra, pro- 
 ducing the distressing symptoms I referred 
 to in speaking of spermatorrhoea. After 
 this condition exists a longer or shorter 
 time, he finds, to his great mortification, 
 that when he attempts sexual connexion he 
 is either unable to perform it, or he finishes 
 before he hardly feels that he has com- 
 menced it, and in a very short time he be- 
 comes Impotent 
 
 To his great mortification and increase 
 of sufferings he will often be troubled with 
 emissions of semen in his sleep, Nocturnal 
 Emissions ; and very often this discharge 
 occurs without the amorous sensations 
 which are occasionally present. 
 
 And all this *too before a man is thirty 
 years old ; nor does his punishment cease 
 here. He will be attacked with pain in the 
 back, and chills resembling fever and ague, 
 his urine will change in character some- 
 
To Gentlemen. 67 
 
 times being very light colored, but general- 
 ly dark hued, very offensive, thicker than 
 natural, and when quiet a short time de- 
 positing a sediment containing albumen, 
 semen, purulent matter, sandy substance, or 
 all combined. The bladder is rarely tho- 
 roughly emptied, the constituents of the 
 urine separate from each other, and gravel 
 or stone in the bladder is formed. 
 
 Beside these troubles, a stricture of the 
 urethra, even not a very close one, will so 
 retard the flow of urine that dilatation of 
 the tube occurs behind the contracted part 
 until quite a sac is formed, the stretching 
 of parts bursts the lining membrane, the 
 urine works its wav down between the scro- 
 turn and anus, one or more swellings occur, 
 orifices are formed by which matter is first 
 discharged, then urine flows, continues in- 
 definitely, and thus is developed Fistulce in 
 Perineo ; and in a short time the poor suf- 
 ferer becomes loathsome to himself and all 
 the friends around him. 
 
 During this condition, stricture, if the pa- 
 
68 Medical Lectures 
 
 tient take cold, commit an excess in diet, 
 or drink a few glasses of intoxicating liquor, 
 he may find that he can not pass water at 
 all. In such a case distressing arid danger- 
 ous symptoms are soon developed, a Physi- 
 cian is sent for, and he being as a rule igno- 
 rant of the anatomy of the parts cannot af- 
 ford relief, for medicines are generally in- 
 efficient ; an operation must be performed 
 which the mere practitioner of medicine is 
 incompetent to attempt, a Surgeon is called 
 in and after much trouble he draws the 
 fluid off by a Catheter, a hollow tube; but 
 frequently he fails to accomplish the evacu- 
 ation, and then he must perform a punctur- 
 ing or cutting operation, from which, or the 
 subsequent inflammation, or nervous shock, ■ 
 the patient may die. 
 
 All the symptoms and structural changes 
 that I have mentioned may be produced by 
 mechanical injuries of the parts, but in a 
 large majority of cases they are occasioned 
 by masturbation, or excessive venery. 
 
 If any of my youthful auditors be guilty 
 
To Gentlemen. 69 
 
 of the vices I have named, I wish here to 
 caution them, if they have escaped thus far, 
 not to flatter themselves they will elude the 
 penalties of their wickedness, unless they 
 quit at once their evil courses, and devote 
 themselves to virtuous conduct, and live as 
 rational and responsible beings should do. 
 
 A man aflected by any of the ills I have 
 mentioned should pursue the hygienic 
 course and method of living I explained a 
 while ago, page 56. The special treatment 
 will be both medical and mechanical. He 
 should put himself at once under the care 
 of a practitioner of medicine. There should 
 not be any concealments, perfect frankness 
 must exist between attendant and patient. 
 And here, gentlemen, if you know any one 
 needing medical counsel for such ailments, 
 advise him to consult a Surg eon. He is al- 
 ways best qualified in these cases ; he is a 
 better anatomist, and should be as good a 
 Therapeutist as the physician or ordinary 
 practitioner of medicine can possibly be. 
 Naturally, the patient will be anxious to 
 
70 Medical Lectures 
 
 know how long a time will be required for 
 his treatment. Sciolists and quacks will 
 promise to cure in a few weeks, but no well 
 informed surgeon will commit himself as to 
 time ; he will pledge himself to give the pa- 
 tient his best care, and help him to regain 
 his health in the shortest possible period. 
 
 From the earliest time of which we have 
 any authentic record it has been known 
 that men and women who indulged in pro- 
 miscuous sexual intercourse were liable to 
 disease of the parts, the consequences of 
 which often pervaded the whole system, 
 eating and destroying all the organs in its 
 course, saturating the entire organization 
 with such a virulent poison, that if either 
 party have progeny they will be so tainted 
 that they are frequently rotten, or have in 
 them such diseased tendencies that their 
 health is constantly impaired by some form 
 of disordered action, and they become vic- 
 tims of any kind of derangement they may 
 be exposed to. In many cases the disease is 
 of so virulent a character that the lives of 
 
To Geotlemen. 71 
 
 the parties orgiually affected are speedily 
 destroyed. 
 
 This terrible curse is called Venereal Dis- 
 ease. This disease is supposed by some to 
 be of American origin ; but a very superfi- 
 cial examination will show that it was 
 known long before the discovery of this 
 country. Indeed, many good historians in- 
 sist that it was well known to, and described 
 by Moses. As to its mode of origin we are 
 equally in the dark in reference to this mat- 
 ter as to many other things. There are 
 many ignorant, would be philosophers, who 
 readily account for all phenomena by say- 
 ing the parties were dirty, and the junction 
 of filthy parts evolved the infectious disease 
 which has been, and is, such a terrible 
 scourge to the world. Or whether we take 
 the view of some that it is a direct punish- 
 ment from God for the violation of his haw, 
 the fact is well known that the disease pre- 
 vails to an incalcuble extent, and that its 
 consequences are often manifested where 
 they are rarely suspected. In no case proba- 
 
72 Medical Lectures 
 
 bly is the saying of Scripture " that the sins 
 of the father shall he visited upon the child- 
 ren to the third and fourth generation," so 
 fearfully manifested as by the phenomena 
 of this malady. 
 
 Venereal disease is manifested in two 
 forms. In the first variety the irritation is 
 usually confined to the affected organs and 
 contiguous parts, and generally there are 
 few indications of poisoning of the system. 
 or constitutional disturbance. This "first 
 variety" or "form" is called Gonorrhoea, or 
 Clap. The second kind of disease is naxjied 
 Syphilis , or Pox. Both varieties of the dis- 
 ease are infectious, or communicable by the 
 application of the viris to a susceptible part. 
 I do not think either of them contagious, or 
 that they can be contracted through the 
 air, or from the effluvia of an affected per- 
 son. Nor do I believe that the poison of 
 clap will produce pox, or vice versa ; but I 
 do know that the diseases are often present 
 in the same individual at one time. 
 
 I will now describe the manner in which 
 
To Gentlemen. 73 
 
 clap is manifested, and the course it gene- 
 rally pursues. In from one day to three 
 weeks after a man has had improper sexual 
 intercourse, (and by this I mean connexion 
 with any other woman than his wife,) he 
 will observe a trouble about the end of the 
 penis ; it feels larger and a little more ten- 
 der than usual. An examination shows 
 that the lips of the urethra are slightly 
 swollen, and redder than natural. After 
 some hours, or a few days, he will have 
 more frequent calls to urinate than before ; 
 the urine will flow in a small stream, and 
 the discharge will be accompanied by the 
 most intense burning pain, and in some in- 
 stances small quantities of blood will pass at 
 each time of evacuation- After a day or 
 two, in most cases, a whitish discharge will 
 occur, and the Ardor Urine, or heat ofj 
 urine will gradually diminish. This condi- 
 tion may continue from one to two weeks, 
 and while it lasts there may be symptoms 
 of fever, or other signs of constitutional dis- 
 turbance, indicated by pain in the back, 
 7 
 
74 Medical Lectures 
 
 headache, bad taste in the mouth, and slight 
 chills. During the night the patient will 
 frequently be wakened up by painful erec- 
 tions of the penis ; this is Chordee. The or- 
 gan is sometimes bent downwards like a 
 bow, at other times it is drawn to one side. 
 This state of things indicates great excite- 
 ment or inflammation of the urethra. Af- 
 ter a short time the discharge changes from 
 a " whitish" to a yellow color. It resembles 
 thick cream, and is called Pus. During the 
 preceding stage if the prepuce be long it 
 often becomes so swollen that it can not be 
 retracted to expose the head of the penis, 
 and thus is developed Phimosis. Sometin>es 
 when the covering is drawn back, it being 
 unnaturally contracted, the head of the penis 
 swells and the skin cannot be brought for- 
 ward, and a very dangerous condition 
 named Paraphymosis is manifested. 
 
 Although the "ardor urinse" maj" dimin- 
 ish in the second stage it does not always 
 subside, but continues more or less through 
 the whole course of the disease. Sometime 
 
To Gentlemen. 75 
 
 after the discharge of matter is fully estab- 
 lished, slight pain occurs in one of the testi- 
 cles, accompanied by a dragging, disagree- 
 able sensation in the groins, extending up 
 to the back. The " discharge" diminishes, 
 and may quit entirely ; the patient flatters 
 himself he is well or nearly so, but in the 
 meantime the testicle increases in size, gets 
 very heavy, and is exquisitely painful, de- 
 veloping the disease known as Orchitis, In- 
 flammation of the Testicle, or Hernia Hu- 
 moralis. In many cases signs of severe con- 
 stitutional disturbance show themselves, 
 such as chills followed by hot sensations, 
 severe pain in the back, headache, nausea, 
 and loss of appetite, ending in a perfect at- 
 tack of fever. Gradually the disturbance 
 ceases in the testicle first affected, a com- 
 parative quiet of a day or two follows, and 
 then the same symptoms appear from de- 
 rangement of the other testicle. Under 
 proper treatment these evidences of diseased 
 action generally disappear in from six to 
 fourteen days ; but I have known them to 
 
76 Medical Lectures 
 
 remain much longer, and to end in suppu- 
 ration and entire destruction of the testicle. 
 While this disease of the testicles continues 
 the patient generally congratulates himself 
 that his gonorrhoea is gone, but to his cha- 
 grin he discovers that as the " orchitis" goes 
 away the discharge from his urethra re- 
 appears, and, he finds that like Monsieur 
 Tonson, his friend has come back again. 
 About this time he may have a swelling in 
 his groin, Sympathetic Bubo, although this 
 is more likely to occur at an earlier stage ; 
 pains will be manifested in his joints, accom- 
 panied by stiffness and swelling — he has 
 Gonorrheal Hheumatism ; or sometimes a 
 rash of red pimples will show itself over 
 many parts of the surface of the body, and 
 this is called Gonorrhoea!, Hash. 
 
 During this time the frequent desire to 
 urinate will pass away, and the burning in 
 the evacuation disappear, but the purulent 
 discharge is still present, although gradual* 
 ly diminishing until it ceases entirely. 
 
 If the patient live properly, do not rashly 
 
To Gentlemen. 77 
 
 expose himself, and be strictly temperate 
 and virtuous, he will soon find himself en- 
 tirely well ; but if he commit a venereal or 
 bacchanalian impropriety his disease is like- 
 ly to re-appear, and he be subjected to all 
 the pains and penalties he had previously 
 undergone. Even after a man seems entire- 
 ly recovered, he has, in many cases, a slimy 
 discharge from his urethra which is called 
 Chronic Gonorrhoea, or Gleet This some- 
 times continues for months as a mere con- 
 sequence of the previous clap, but all expe- 
 rienced surgeons know that it is more gen- 
 erally an evidence of stricture of the urethra. 
 I refer you to my remarks on this condi- 
 tion. 
 
 Gonorrhoea is a painful, filthy, and some- 
 times dangerous condition, and it is very 
 natural the patient desires to get clear of it 
 in the shortest possible time ; but here he 
 finds a great difficulty ; there is no knowing 
 how long it will last. In the whole course 
 of a phj'sician's practice there are rarely as 
 many difficulties presented in the treatment 
 
78 Medical Lectures 
 
 of any case as in the management of clap. 
 In nearly every instance the presence of the 
 disease must be concealed from the friends 
 and family of the patient, and, in many 
 cases to prevent detection, he is forced to go 
 out, and attend to the duties of his vocation, 
 while to accomplish a quick return to health 
 he should be confined to bed for some days. 
 Hence the dilemma of a truthful surgeon 
 when asked by a patient how long a time 
 will pass before he gets well. I have treat- 
 ed venereal diseases for forty-five years. 
 Often I have had fifty patients at a time 
 under my care, and I cannot yet say how 
 soon a patient will get well of clap. Often- 
 times I have seen the disease go away, and 
 the patient continue well, after a treatment 
 of from one to seven days. In the manage- 
 ment of such cases a cure is not always 
 effected when the discharge is stopped, or 
 the running arrested. The patient should 
 employ an honest man, and good surgeon, 
 trust him implicitly, follow his directions, 
 and be satisfied that he will be well and 
 
To Gentlemen. 79 
 
 safely cured in the shortest possible time. 
 The average period of treatment in Gonor- 
 rhoea is six to eight weeks. 
 
 I have said that Gonorrhoea follows im- 
 proper sexual intercourse, but there are 
 other causes which produce diseases very 
 similar to this condition, that may occur in 
 the most virtuous people, and the presence 
 
 of which often destrovs the confidence of 
 
 t/ 
 
 husband or wife in the chastity of the other. 
 I have spoken of the elongated prepuce 
 generally found in boys, and which some- 
 times continues through life, and suggested 
 circumcision as the remedy. The secretion 
 from the glands of Tyson occasionally pro- 
 duces such irritation that purulent matter 
 is formed in large quantities, the part swells, 
 trouble in urination comes on, and many of 
 the symptoms of clap are developed ; this 
 condition is called Blenorrhoea. Although 
 it is doubtful whether such discharge would 
 inoculate or poison a sound person, it is cer- 
 tain that great annoyance is produced, and, 
 if a man be married it will be almost im- 
 
80 Medical Lectures 
 
 possible for him to convince his wife that 
 he has not been incontinent. If a man have 
 connexion with a woman just before, imme- 
 diately after, or during her monthly dis- 
 charge, he may be so contaminated that he 
 will suffer from a disease presenting all the 
 phenomena of virulent Gonorrhoea. Here 
 is another exemplification of punishment 
 following; a violation of nature's laws. I do 
 not assert that all men who have inter- 
 course with menstruous women will be af- 
 flicted in this way, but I do allege that such 
 consequences are sufficiently frequent to 
 make men abstain at such times, if they 
 wish to avoid personal suffering, and keep 
 clear of the trouble that will be sure to fol- 
 low from the complaints of their " better 
 halves." 
 
 "Women w r ho are not as particular as they 
 should be in keeping the generative organs 
 in a perfectly clean condition, and others 
 who suffer with irritation of the bladder, 
 falling of the womb, or piles, are liable to a 
 very troublesome disease called Leucorrhoea, 
 
To Gentlemen. 81 
 
 or Whites. This discharge is sometimes of 
 so acrid a character that the patient suffers 
 severely, and in many cases it is almost im- 
 possible to determine whether the disease be 
 Leucorrhcea or Gonorrhoea. But though I 
 know that in most of these'cases the woman 
 is entirely virtuous, the husband may con- 
 tract such disease from her that it is almost 
 impossible to convince him that she has 
 been true to her marital vows. 
 
 From my previous remarks I think you 
 are satisfied that no one can positively say 
 how long a time must pass before a Gonor- 
 rhoea will get well or " run itself out." 
 Many years ago I attended a man with 
 severe clap who was entirely well after 
 forty -eight hours treatment. I have seen 
 many, get well in a week, but generally a 
 longer time is required to attain a satisfac- 
 tory result. I know that many persons call- 
 ing themselves doctors advertise that they 
 treated thousands of cases with unerring 
 certainty, and that they always cure in a 
 few days. Beware of such pretenders, some 
 
82 Medical Lectures 
 
 of the worst cases I have ever seen have 
 come from under the care of such people. 
 Be careful how you use the prescriptions of 
 friends, and others who have had the dis- 
 ease and were speedily cured by a remedy 
 compounded by a physician, and which 
 never fails. There is no specific for Gonor- 
 rhoea; nor are injections any more sure, 
 although they are often used with great ad- 
 vantage, they are frequently more danger- 
 ous than internal medicines. They may dry 
 up the discharge, but their use leaves a 
 diseased condition which is frequently fol- 
 lowed by stricture and other dangerous 
 conditions. I might spend much time in the 
 account of terrible cases I have seen as 
 results of the malpractice to which I have 
 referred, but I think I have said enough to 
 warn you of the danger of tampering with 
 this disease. 
 
 Until the patient secures the treatment 
 of a good practitioner, he should keep as 
 quiet as possible, live on mild diet, take 
 some gentle saline medicine, wash the parts, 
 
To Gentlemen. 83 
 
 wrap the organ with a strip of muslin that 
 has been saturated with water of ordinary 
 temperature, sling it in such a way as to 
 keep the head elevated. He should not use , 
 strings or ligatures, unless very loosely ap- 
 plied, around the parts. 
 
 It is said that " an ounce of prevention is 
 better than a pound of cure," and, fortu- 
 nately for men that will go astray they may 
 generally avoid the penalty, by proper clean- 
 liness and certain medical applications. 
 
 The second form of venereal disease, Sy- 
 philis, or Pox, shows itself in different ways, 
 and hence medical men usually speak of it 
 as ^primary, secondary, and tertiary. The first, 
 primary, generally shows itself within a few 
 days after the contaminating connexion, 
 although it may not be evolved for three or 
 four weeks. A slight uneasiness is gene- 
 rally felt in the head or fore-skin covering 
 of the organ, which leads to examination? 
 and then may be found a small red pimple, 
 like a flea-bite. This- gradually enlarges, 
 the Dase hardens, while the apex becomes 
 
84 Medical" Lectures. 
 
 white and soft ; after a while the top breaks, 
 a little matter is discharged, an ulcer is 
 formed, the centre of which is dug out, 
 while the margins form a hard ring ; the 
 base of the sore is firm ; the whole thing 
 may not be larger than half a common pea. 
 This is called a True, Indurated Chancre, or 
 venereal sore. There may be more than 
 one chancre, and there is no definite local- 
 ity — they show themselves on the prepuce, 
 head, or body of the organ, the mons vene- 
 rus, the scrotum, and indeed, in any place 
 where the virus is applied. 
 
 In some instances instead of appearing as 
 a "pimple" the disease begins like a scratch, 
 or abrasion, and men, especially married 
 men, say they are chafed. This u scratch" 
 gradually enlarges, and may pass around the 
 part affected ; this is Soft Chancre, or non- 
 indurated sore. Occasionally the sore rapid- 
 ly enlarges, dark colored or black spots are 
 formed, the parts are very much inflamed, 
 pieces are soon eaten away and drop off; 
 this is the Sloughing Ulcer. Ignorant prac- 
 
To Gentlemen 85 
 
 titioners and quacks to humbug patients, 
 and to show their own importance, gravely 
 assure their patient he has Black, or French 
 Pox, and it is fortunate he had him for his 
 attendant. In another phase of this disease 
 it will be observed that while the sore seems 
 to heal at one end it will gradually extend 
 at the other, and go on until it eats away a 
 great extent of the organ. This is called 
 the Phagedenic Ulcer. The sloughing sore, 
 and this variety are more frequently accom 
 panied by signs of constitutional disturb- 
 ance of immediate kind, than are the others 
 I have described. 
 
 So far the forms of disease I have referred 
 to may be considered as local, and can gene- 
 eally be cured, if properly managed, in from 
 two to six weeks, and without subsequent 
 constitutional contamination ; but the pa- 
 tient should be told plainly this is not al- 
 ways the case ; there is constant risk. Un- 
 der the best management failures occur ; no 
 doctor can guarantee a cure in any given 
 8 
 
86 Medical Lectures 
 
 time, and none but a quack or ignorant pre- 
 tender will assume to do so. 
 
 Soon after the manifestion of the symp- 
 toms I have detailed, more or less inflamma- 
 tion occurs in the affected part, and a pain- 
 ful red line passes from it to the groin, 
 where inflammation of one or more glands 
 occurs. If this happen early in the disease, 
 while there is inflammation in or about the 
 sore, the swelling is called Sympathetic Bu~ 
 60, an effect of irritation such as may follow 
 an injury, from any cause, of the limb be- 
 low. But if the disease have existed some 
 days, and a bubo occurs, it shows that the 
 poison is entering the system, and is the 
 first evidence of constitutional contamina- 
 tion. In many cases this swelling can be so 
 treated that it will disappear without injury 
 to the system ; but in other instances the 
 inflammation or virulence is so great that 
 suppuration occurs, and a troublesome ulcer 
 is left. 
 
 During the progress of the primary symp- 
 toms, or after they have disappeared, and 
 
To Gentlemen* &7 
 
 the patient flatters himself he is well, other 
 phenomena are evolved constituting second- 
 ary symptoms. These may not show for 
 several weeks after entire recovery seems to 
 have been effected. The attention of the 
 patient is attracted to his throat by a sen- 
 sation of trifling soreness, and a little diffi- 
 culty of swallowing ; an examination shows 
 great engorgement, and inflammation pre- 
 senting a peculiar copperish-red appearance; 
 and very often there are seen ulcers, similar 
 to the primary sores, upon the uvula or 
 some other part of the soft palate. If suc- 
 cessful treatment be not adopted speedily, 
 the disease may eat away the parts affected, 
 impairing the power of enunciation. From 
 the throat it passes to the hard palate, rot- 
 ting away the membrane and bones there 
 found, it reaches into the nose and upper 
 jaw bones, and continues its ravages until 
 these give way ; thence it goes to the front, 
 it attacks the nose, and corrodes away un- 
 til it destroys this organ, and produces an 
 unsightly and disgusting appearance." Dur- 
 
88 Medical Lectures 
 
 ing this time so noisome an odor emanates 
 from the patient, that he is loathsome to 
 himself and those around him ; or the dis- 
 ease may pass downwards into the wind- 
 pipe; then the voice changes, becoming 
 hoarse and rough, and is sometimes almost, 
 if not wholly, lost, so that the poor fellow 
 can only speak in whispers. Ulceration 
 soon follows, cough comes on, blood is spat 
 up, appetite diminishes, emaciation and hec- 
 tic fever soon follow, and in a short time he 
 dies of what is called Galloping Consump- 
 tion. 
 
 During these symptoms, or after they 
 have subsided, reddish pimples show them- 
 selves about the roots of the hair, and 
 thence extending gradually, cover the whole 
 body. Sometimes the eruption comes out 
 in copper colored blotches, or crusty or 
 horny formations. It presents different ap- 
 pearances, but in all cases it is a very un- 
 pleasant manifestation. 
 
 Many months are likely to pass before 
 the patient gets clear of these secondary 
 
To Gentlemen. 89 
 
 symptoms, if they are cured at all, and there 
 is still great reason, to fear he must pass 
 through another and more tedious ordeal. 
 Towards the end of the secondary stage, or 
 even weeks or months after he seems to be 
 well, he will be attacked w r ith severe pain 
 in the shin, or in some bone superficially 
 placed. This "pain" generally wakes him 
 after midnight, continues several hours, and 
 sometimes almost entirely disappears during 
 the day. The affected part inflames, in- 
 creases in size, and becomes very heavy. A 
 special enlargement is seen about the mid- 
 dle of the aflected part ; this is called a Node, 
 or venereal swelling, and thus the Tertiary 
 stage is fully evolved. The disease passes 
 along the bone, and when the ends are 
 reached they gradually rot away, and the 
 joints are destroyed, so that if he recovers 
 he is crippled for life ; or in lighter cases he 
 suffers from some pain in the bones or joints, 
 and has what is named Venereal Rheuma- 
 tism. In almost all cases, after secondary 
 or tertiary symptoms are developed, the 
 8* 
 
90 Medical Lectures 
 
 system is so poisoned that if he become a 
 father he transmits to. his offspring some 
 taint or diseased tendency which renders 
 the child delicate and so fragile that its life 
 gives way under causes which in proper de- 
 velopment would produce little or no effect. 
 I do not say that symptons of pox, strictly 
 speaking, are manifested in the progeny, 
 but I do most positively assert that the seeds 
 of many diseases which occasion early death 
 are transmitted by the father, mother, or 
 some other ancestor. I am perfectly satis- 
 fied, after the study and extended observa- 
 tion of nearly fifty years, that more diseases 
 are devoloped, and more morbid tendencies 
 transmitted, as consequences of improper 
 use of the sexual organs, than from any 
 other cause with which we are acquainted. 
 Can syphilis be prevented while improper 
 sexual intercourse is practised ? I answer, 
 yes, by cleanliness, and the use of such med- 
 ical preventive as the well informed Sur- 
 geon will explain. Every one knows that 
 under proper management the primary 
 
To Gentlemen. 91 
 
 symptoms are readily controlled, and may 
 be recovered from in a few days or weeks. 
 But in all cases of either Gonorrhoea or Sy- 
 philis, the disease seems cured while it is in 
 abeyance, and may readily be re-developed ; 
 hence the patient should continue a virtu- 
 ous, temperate life, and use his medicines 
 for weeks or months after all symptoms 
 have subsided. This advice is specially and 
 forcibly applicable in all cases of pox. As 
 I have explained, there are various forms 
 of syphilis. One stage may be followed by 
 another, and another, until all have been 
 passed, or the life of the patient is destroy- 
 ed. It is not true that one form shows it- 
 self before the preceding one is gone. Ex- 
 perience has taught us many of the tricks 
 of this disease, but we cannot explain why 
 after weeks or months have passed and the 
 patient is apparently well, new symptoms 
 should show themselves and continue for 
 months, years, or through life. All I say is 
 these are the phenomena of the disease. I 
 am often asked is secondary or tertiary sy- 
 
92 Medical Lectures 
 
 philis curable, or do patients ever recover 
 fully. I answer positively, yes, they are 
 " curable," and patients do " recover" from 
 either or both conditions. During my long 
 practice I have frequently treated from fifty 
 to one hundred venereal patients in a week, 
 and although I'have seen some die in a few 
 months after the first manifestation, I know 
 I have seen many recover from all varieties 
 of this disease, and live for years in seeming 
 good health and procreate robust children ; 
 still it is equally true many were mutilated, 
 or never recovered some of their functions. 
 There are many diseases resembling pox 
 that are not at all syphilitic. Where clean- 
 liness is not practised the secretion from the 
 glands of Tyson besides producing the dis- 
 ease I have spoken of as Blenorrhoea, some- 
 times is so acrid as to occasion an ulceration 
 closely resembling chancre. Occasionally a 
 tettery condition which is as hard to treat 
 as true venereal disease is manifested, and 
 may continue for months. The improper 
 use of mercury is occasionally followed by 
 
To Gentlemen. 93 
 
 symptoms which closely resemble those of 
 venereal. These affections are called Pseudo, 
 or False Syphilis. 
 
 There are several diseases of the urinary 
 and reproducing organs of which I shall 
 speak hereafter. These are B right's Disease, 
 .Diabetes, Catarrh of the Bladder, Diseases 
 of the Prostrate Gland, Circocele, Variocele, 
 and Hydrocele. 
 
 I have not given you " fancy sketches" 
 of the conditions to which I have referred. 
 I have given you but one definition from a 
 professional book. I have not copied a sin- 
 gle statement from any written or printed 
 medical work ; I have not quoted anything ; 
 although I shall give you an extract pre- 
 sently. I have seen and treated much more 
 than X have told you. All my statements 
 are based upon my own experience, and you 
 are all aware that I have seen and taught 
 enough about these things to have acquired 
 some character as authority upon all the 
 subjects I have adverted to. I advise pa- 
 tients with syphilis to pursue the same hy- 
 
94 Medical Lectures 
 
 gienic treatment, aud recourse to surgical 
 management that I mentioned when speak- 
 ing of Gonorrhoea. I have avoided recom- 
 mendations of medicines, for, as I think, 
 the very best reason, viz., you would be 
 more injured than benefitted by such ad- 
 vice. Go to a good Doctor, do exactly as 
 he directs you — he is the means, under 
 Providence, to cure you. I say avoid quacks 
 and pretenders. I am aware that many 
 physicians do not know how, or will not 
 treat these cases ; but there are qualified 
 practitioners w 7 ho attend them. It is not 
 necessary that I speak of other than myself. 
 For forty years in my teachings and prac- 
 tice I have made a specialty of the treatment 
 of polluters, sensualists, those suffering from 
 affections of the kidneys and bladder, strict- 
 ure of the urethra, and all forms of venereal 
 disease. I devote six hours every day, ex- 
 cept Sunda}% from three o'clock to eight 
 o'clock, p. m., to the particular management 
 of these cases, either from personal applica- 
 tions or written communications. From 
 
To Gentlemen. 95 
 
 ten o'clock, a. m., to three o'clock, p. m., I 
 
 attend to general cases. I know that the 
 pledge charlatans make they will not use 
 copaiva or mercury in the treatment of these 
 diseases, and the parade of administering to 
 thousands who have been given up by 
 " other Doctors," and that they are the pro- 
 per resort after all other means fail, induce 
 many unwary persons to put themselves 
 under the care of these Quacks and ignorant 
 pretenders. But I am glad to say the time 
 has come when well informed physicians 
 are shaking off the fears of loosing caste, &c, 
 that have heretofore prevented them an- 
 nouncing and properly advertising that they 
 will treat such diseases. 
 
 One of my former students, a classical 
 scholar, thoroughly versed in medicine, a 
 practitioner of thirty years, my friend H. J. 
 Brown, A. M., M*D., formerly of this city, 
 and now of Detroit, Michigan, has lately 
 published a work on a Criminal Abortion," 
 in which he gives such remarks as I think 
 exactly appropriate, and which so thorough- 
 
96 Medical Lectukes 
 
 ly accord with my own sentiments on this 
 subject, that I give you a long extract from 
 his book : 
 
 " The better portion of the profession may 
 look with contempt upon these quacks, and 
 be content to denounce them as imposters 
 and knaves, but they do so in vain ; they 
 have become too formidable for any 
 such means to disturb them. They are in- 
 directly protected by law, they derive im- 
 mense revenues from their practice, and a 
 depraved public opinion sustains them ; they 
 can well afford to laugh at such attempts 
 to destroy them. 
 
 Reputable Physicians must openly treat Sex- 
 ual Diseases as a specialty. A child may see 
 that the evil will continue until good and 
 true medical men devote themselves exclu- 
 sively and openly to the* treatment of all 
 forms of sexual disorders. This is the pro- 
 fessional Rubicon that must first be passed. 
 
 Argue the matter as you will, so long as 
 good men stand aloof, rougish quacks will 
 
To Gentlemen- 97 
 
 continue to exert their demoralising power 
 over society. The profession must therefore 
 be committed to a special, open, practical 
 business antagonism to this form of quack- 
 ery. Duty and humanity alike demand that 
 the very best men in the profession should 
 take hold of the matter openly and above 
 board, with a firm and manly grasp. The 
 London Lancet, in reviewing Acton's book 
 on the reproductive system, says, 4 The only 
 way by which some of the most important 
 functional ailments and aberrant physiolo- 
 gic states afflicting humanity can be rescued 
 from the grasp of the most disgusting and 
 villainous quackery, and treated with ben- 
 efit to the patient, is by scientific and con- 
 scientious practitioners openly taking them 
 under their own charge.' Another medical 
 writer says, 4 Until the monster quackery is 
 seized by the throat and hurled from his 
 throne, ascended and held by force of bra- 
 zen impudence and popular advertising, by 
 responsible medical men in each community 
 who will devote themselves publicly and 
 9 G 
 
98 Medical Lectures 
 
 especially to the treatment of sexual dis- 
 ual diseases, we cannot hope to be delivered 
 from the manifold and terrible evils which 
 beset society from this cause, among which 
 not the least is the prevalent crime of foeti- 
 cide ' 
 
 " The difficulties in the way. This is a very 
 bold stand ; but it is a very sacred mission. 
 Many reputable physicians are very reluc- 
 tant about becoming identified publicly 
 with the treatment of impure diseases, not 
 because they fear that public opinion might 
 associate them with this tribe of medical 
 Ishmaelites, the venereal quacks. But this 
 could not occur with the thinking and 
 really moral public ; only with the portion 
 of it whose opinion is characteristically in- 
 consistent, fitful and worthless. And shall 
 a badly educated public opinion, which 
 might venture to trace some approval of the 
 sin of the patient in the professional ser- 
 vices rendered, deter a man of purity and 
 courage from discharging an imperative 
 and obvious duty to society ? For the same 
 
To Gentlemen. 99 
 
 reason no physician of reputation could at- 
 tend the diseases induced by intemperance 
 and other like causes, without similar im- 
 plication. 
 
 "The odium of an act often consists in the 
 way in which it is done, and this is of that 
 kind. Acton, of London, is esteemed no 
 
 less a gentleman and surgeon because he 
 makes the treatment of sexual diseases a 
 specialty. And whose medical opinions are 
 quoted with greater confidence, and whose 
 memoiy more revered than Hunter's, the 
 father of venereal surgery in England ? Ri- 
 cord and Cullerier, devoted to the same spe- 
 cialty, are princes among the surgeons of 
 Paris, and magnates of the city ; so is Sig- 
 mund, of Vienna. It maybe hinted that 
 this will do in Europe, but not in America. 
 But why ? Are they less moral there than 
 here ? Alas for the truth ! I know we are 
 accustomed to think of Paris as the most 
 iniquitous city on earth ; but the fact is un- 
 deniable that to-day New York is before 
 Paris in this particular ; and the smaller 
 
100 Medical Lectures 
 
 towns of France suffer nothing, nay gain 
 much, in comparisen with the interior towns 
 of America. Foeticide is less prevalent in 
 Europe than in the United States, especially 
 in those portions of it in which foundling 
 institutions exist. The damage to society 
 arising from syphilis is not so great in Ham- 
 burg, Vienna, or Paris, as in the large cities 
 of our own country. The explanation is 
 found in the fact that the most eminent 
 medical men of the nation are in open 
 charge of this branch of practice and con- 
 trol it, and that they exert a paramount in- 
 fluence in the organization of foundling 
 homes and venereal hospitals. 
 
 u Acting upon the wholesome maxim that 
 an evil which cannot be absolutely abated 
 should be controlled, they seize hold of it 
 with a bold and steady arm. "We place no 
 restraint upon disease and make no provi- 
 sion for those who fall into temptation, lest 
 we forsooth abet vice and license crime! 
 How much better that we should receive 
 the instruction which the larger experience 
 
To Gentlemen. 101 
 
 of the older nations of the world furnishes, 
 and promptly adopt its better way of deal- 
 ing with a prevalent vice, and restraining 
 the ravages of a terrible disease. 
 
 "But it must not be forgotten that this 
 branch of practice is by no means confined 
 to the treatment of impure disease, nor of 
 patients who have contracted them in a 
 blameworthy way. Many sexual disorders 
 are due to ignorance and misfortune. This 
 is true of sufferers from excesses of the mar- 
 riage bed ignorantly indulged in ; of the in- 
 nocent wife afflicted by the embraces of a 
 truant and diseased husband; of the sub- 
 jects of masturbation taught it in youth 
 and not aware of its ruinous effects ; and of 
 that very large class of sufferers from hered- 
 itary syphilis. Again, many of the disor- 
 ders of the sexual svstem are due to other 
 causes than impure disease or polluting ha- 
 bits — to colds, to local injuries, to other or- 
 ganic injuries, and general bad health. Dis- 
 orders of the sexual system arising in this 
 blameless way alone are very numerous. — 
 9* 
 
102 Medical Lectures 
 
 ISTow, shall this class of innocent sufferers 
 be abandoned to the quacks? Can there be 
 a more honorable calling than that of min- 
 istering to the wants of such victims of mis- 
 fortune and disease? But why abandon the 
 guilty, even the guiltiest, to the quack, and 
 treat them as exiles from humanity, given 
 over and sealed to irretrievable infamy and 
 ruin ? Did not Jesus heal Mary Magdelene? 
 Did he not declare that Publicans and Har- 
 lots should enter into the kingdom of Hea- 
 ven before the Pharisees and great men? 
 Which means that Publicans who sinned 
 above board, and Harlots who sinned by 
 profession, guilty as they were, were never- 
 theless proper subjects of his mission ; and 
 w r hen they desired to be healed, were more 
 deserving of his compassion, and had better 
 hope of his forgiveness, than the hypocriti- 
 cal aristocracy who committed all the crimes 
 of the Publicans and Harlots in secret, and 
 covered them over with long prayers and a 
 show of alms-giving in public. By what 
 authority then can the physician of the se- 
 
To Gentlemen. 103 
 
 verest morality stand aloof from such suf- 
 ferers? Morality is a code of laws for the 
 instruction and reformation of the guilty. 
 Human salvation itself is based upon the 
 fact that the world which it would save is 
 guilty. Who then shall cast the first stone? 
 Jesus with the Magdelene demonstrated the 
 practical operation of the gospel ; as its Great 
 Physician, he stood to the lowest in moral 
 health. Medicine is a system of humanity 
 working under the gospel ; its portals then 
 must be thrown widely open that every 
 form of disease may enter ; and he only is 
 the Good Samaritan-Physician who asks no 
 unnecessary questions, but hastens to pour 
 into the wounds of the suffering the oil and 
 wine of his benign profession ! 
 
 " How the Venereal Quacks have gained 
 their place of power. It being settled then, 
 that there is really no grave difficulty in the 
 way of good men publicly devoting them- 
 selves to the treatment of sexual diseases, 
 that they in point of fact, find an impera- 
 tive duty devolving upon them, and a wide 
 
104 Medical Lectures 
 
 field for honorable service opened to them, 
 (a field almost unequalled for the exercise 
 of humanity,) the question arises as to how, 
 in a business point of view, these quacks 
 may be deposed from their place of power 
 over tempted women. A word in regard 
 to the way in which they gained that power 
 may help us. A few physicians, (happily 
 very few) righteous over much, declined 
 sexual practice for the reason that being a 
 transgressor he deserves no aid of medicine 
 or human sympathy. Other physicians, (a 
 much larger class) anxious to derive a libe- 
 ral revenue therefrom, exerted themselves 
 especially to obtain patients of this kind 
 and treat them under cover, lest the business 
 might prejudice other departments of prac- 
 tice. When, from whatever cause, legiti- 
 mate sources of cure were closed or veiled, 
 the victims of disease would naturally be at- 
 tracted by the open solicitations of those 
 who sought such patients. This was the 
 auspicious opportunity for unscrupulous ad- 
 venturers, and the venereal quacks quick to 
 
To Gentlemen. 105 
 
 discover the advantage, came boldly before 
 the public by extensive and persistent ad- 
 vertising, and secured attention and patron- 
 age. In their intercourse with society, some 
 physicians have shown so much bad temper 
 in the defence of what they deemed legiti- 
 mate practice, done so much to excite the 
 suspicions, and so little to enlighten* the 
 judgment of the masses, in the bewilder- 
 ment of a predominating confusion and dis- 
 trust, the people largely sought refuge in 
 quackery. Others have been busy with 
 medical ethics, some of the rules of which 
 are but illy calculated to promote a harmo- 
 ny among the members of the profession, 
 defend the suffering from quackery, or com- 
 mand the respect and confidence of the pub- 
 lic. Whilst then some have been practising 
 phariseeism, and. others duplicity, and still 
 others wasting their time and temper in 
 fruitless debates about " pathies" and im- 
 practicable ethics, these shrewd quacks have 
 been energetically using the various forms 
 of successful advertising, and have come to 
 
106 Medical Lectures 
 
 occupy the places which rightfully belong 
 to other men. 
 
 " Physicians must Advertise. From the 
 foregoing we may understand the secret of 
 successful quackery ; the quack lives by ad- 
 vertising: especially by seizing auspicious 
 opportunities. Let the man of education ad- 
 vertise too, and the quack will be more than 
 matched in his strong hold ; for he will have 
 skill, education and character against him. 
 Let him advertise as extensively as does the 
 quack — by the newspapers, by pamphlets, 
 and small books, in short by whatever forms 
 are known to be most successful. For each 
 physician to exert a silent influence against 
 the evil in the discharge of the duties of 
 private practice, is to do but little of the 
 very much that needs to be done. All good 
 physicians have been doing this for years, 
 but quackery and foeticide have assumed a 
 magnitude which makes every virtuous 
 member of society stand aghast. The quack 
 has the start of the regular physician. One 
 advertising quack is more extensively 
 
To Gentlemen. 107 
 
 known than any three of the best medical 
 men in the state taken together, and will 
 do more harm in a year than they can re- 
 pair in a lifetime in a private way. Until 
 good men are known to an equal extent as 
 specialists in this particular practice, there 
 can be no advantageous contact between 
 the moral forces of virtuous and vicious 
 practice; and between skill and incapacity. 
 The quack has become strong in printer's 
 ink, and so must the regular physician be 
 who would enter into successful competi- 
 tion. The evil has become a public one, 
 and must be met by a public remedy. 
 
 u Medical Etiquette. Public opinion will 
 universally sustain this plan of general ad- 
 vertising. The man of business especially 
 will approve it. Medical etiquette alone 
 may utter an objection. And what is medi- 
 cal etiquette ? A dozen physicians in a giv- 
 en community, having no authority but 
 such as they assume, who by no means en- 
 gross all the talent, learning and character 
 of the fifty doctors who compose the pro- 
 
108 Medical Lecttjkes 
 
 fession in that community, band togethet 
 and call themselves a medical society, and 
 ;nake rules not only for their own govern- 
 ment, but ungenerously attempt to foist 
 them upon public attention as the authori- 
 tative rules of the Medical Profession as a 
 body, to which every medical man, no mat- 
 ter what his qualifications, must render obe- 
 dience or be denounced. This is medical 
 etiquette. One of these rules is, that it is 
 unprofessional to advertise, as if that were 
 only suited to the more vulgar business of 
 the merchant and mechanic, 
 
 "Such societies have special advantages^ 
 no doubt, and perhaps others ; but this un- 
 authorized censorship over those who do not 
 wish to avail themselves of whatever advan- 
 tages they may possess is an assumption 
 which they must cease to exercise or forfeit 
 the good opinion of thinking men both in 
 and out of the profession. The assurance 
 of this little junto of twelve, this attempt 
 rf the few to bind the many, may hold young 
 loctors in terror of printer's ink, but it will 
 
To Gentlemen. 109 
 
 do little more. It is entirely harmless, 
 harmless in its puerility, and eminently ri- 
 diculous in view of the well known fact, 
 commonly acknowledged among physicians, 
 that there never was a society of this kind 
 that did not violate its own rules. Even the 
 American Medical Association, (of which 
 we were one of the founders, but have long 
 since withdrawn) the most important con- 
 ventional body in the country, has just fur- 
 nished an instance of this in offering a prize 
 for an essay on criminal abortion, for popu- 
 lar circulation, and awarding to a Boston 
 physician the prize for a very good and 
 much needed little book. 
 
 "It is a very happy beginning in a very 
 desirable quarter ; but look at in a business 
 point of view. Whatever else it may ac- 
 complish, (and it will accomplish much 
 else, for which the writer deserves public 
 gratitude), it is the best professional adver- 
 tisement that physicians could issue, and 
 covers much of the very ground we are 
 taking; and whatever else the association 
 10 
 
110 Medical Lectures 
 
 may have intended, it could not have made 
 a stronger concession to the demand for 
 popular medical papers and books, which 
 involves the plan of general advertising. 
 
 " Such works are needed ; but to be con- 
 sistent, the society should expunge all about 
 advertising; from its rules. A Medical Di- 
 ploma is the highest legal and scientific au- 
 thority a physician can possess in this coun- 
 try. Professor Meigs says, 'I look upon 
 that diploma as an authority given me by 
 state commissioners, and in the name of the 
 state constituting me judge, to act at my 
 peril under the indications of an upright 
 and enlightened conscientious judgment/ 
 The instructions and privileges of such a 
 document are paramount to the interdict of 
 all irresponsible medical societies. How the 
 holder shall become known to the public is 
 simply a matter of business of which he is 
 the sole judge, and advertising is not for- 
 bidden, nor even discountenanced, by the 
 high authority under which he acts. The 
 manner in which he shall practice is left to 
 
To Gentlemen. Ill 
 
 his judgment aud conscience, and he must 
 stand or fall by its results as judged of by 
 the people. We grant that Diplomas are 
 often issued by medical schools of a low 
 grade, and that incompetent persons often 
 hold them, but this does not destroy their 
 authoritative character. It would no doubt 
 be a very important and desirable gain if 
 every aspirant for the degree of M. D. either 
 before or after he has attained it, and as an 
 imperative condition of his right to prac- 
 tice the profession of medicine should be 
 obliged to pass the ordeal of examination, 
 according to a very high standard of pre- 
 liminary and scientific attainment, of a 
 board of national examiners, constituted by 
 law, who should have no pecuniary interest 
 in the number of persons passed. But un- 
 til such advance, or some other equivalent 
 safeguard can be reached, the Diploma, 
 such as it is, must remain the controlling 
 charter of privilege to its holder, and- ought 
 to protect him from ungenerous interference, 
 and invidious distinction. 
 
 "It then remains for medical men of ed- 
 
112 Medical Lectures. 
 
 ucation and character in every community, 
 to devote themselves assiduously to this 
 special practice, if they would discharge an 
 imperative duty of the times, and. accom- 
 plish a great work ; to take a bold, open,' 
 and conscientious stand against this form of 
 quackery ; to meet it in every way — by ex- 
 tensive newspaper advertising, by famil- 
 iarly written pamphlets and books address- 
 ed to the masses, explaining its tricks and 
 its dangers, putting youth on their guard, 
 and cautioning women; in short, by any 
 and every honest and proper means promis- 
 ing success. ]STo untruth should be uttered 
 in their advertisements, none need be, none 
 would be by men of truth, such as the 
 emergency requires ; no superhuman cures 
 need be guaranteed, nor certificates forged 
 to prove them ; nothing need be said not 
 entirely consistent with the quiet of a good 
 conscience, or consonant with an unblemish- 
 ed reputation. The sky of public opinion 
 will soon clear, and the brightest star will 
 prove to be the one which rose in the thick* 
 est cloud." 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 LETTERS, RESOLUTIONS, 
 
 AND 
 
 TESTIMONIALS. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 
 
 In the Boston Medical and Surgical Jour- 
 nal, one of the oldest, most respectable and 
 influential periodicals in the country, for 
 many years past edited by J. V. C. Smith, 
 M. D., formerly the efficient* Mayor of Bos- 
 ton, there have appeared short biographical 
 notices of some of the most prominent phy- 
 sicians of the land. Among these there 
 was published in vol. 47, No. 25, (Wednes- 
 day, January 22d, 1851), the following 
 sketch of James McClintock M. D. : 
 
 " How curious is it that nature produces 
 men, constituted intellectually, morally and 
 physically, to act the part of pioneers — 
 
 (115) 
 
116 Biographical Sketch. - 
 
 squatters, both in the wilderness of this 
 world at large, and in the wilds of science 
 and art. And how T surely do these giants 
 secure to themselves the finger of scorn and 
 derision for overstepping the mark prescrib- 
 ed 'by a 'just precedent. 5 How certainly 
 will jealous mediocrity shrug the shoulder 
 and turn up the eye in holy horror, at the 
 enormities of a character which it can 
 neither fathom nor imitate. 
 
 " John McClintock, the father of James, 
 emigrated from Tyrone County, Ireland, in 
 the year 1807. The latter was born in Lan- 
 caster County, Pennsylvania, in 1809. The 
 father, in the following year, moved to 
 Philadelphia, and engaged in mercantile 
 pursuits, and Avas for many years success- 
 ful, but in the sequel experienced the re- 
 verses almost inseparable from such business 
 in this country. However sweet may be 
 the uses of adversty in their result, they are 
 bitter in their experience. The stimilus of 
 poverty, to the robust mind, has produced 
 
Biographical Sketch. 117 
 
 characters which the* world has admired 
 and valued ; they alone are placed upon the 
 scroll of history. The countless numbers 
 who have been overwhelmed, are forgotten 
 or overlooked. Dr. Warren, in his Diary, 
 has described the trials of a young physician 
 through this fiery ordeal, this " vale of 
 tears/' with an eloquence and truth that 
 leave nothing to desire. The physician in a 
 large city, who by his mind alone can com- 
 pete with wealth and talent is no ordinary 
 man. Such is the man whose sketch w y e 
 now attempt. 
 
 " James commenced the study of medicine 
 in the office of Dr. John Eberle, in 1826. 
 He had received a good English education, 
 and possessed considerable knowledge of the 
 Latin and Greek languages, with a slight 
 acquaintance with the French and German. 
 The medical profession was the object of his 
 boyish dreams ; he would be a doctor, and 
 not only that, but he would be a 4 head doc- 
 tor. 5 Years before he had entered a medical 
 
118 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 
 
 office, he had read medical works with avid- 
 ity, and had subjected his family to various 
 annoyances, .by his dissections of animals. 
 His absorbing love of the profession, his 
 zeal and untiring industry, made him the 
 favorite of his preceptor. 
 
 " The value of such a preceptor as Eberle 
 to the active and erratic McClintock was 
 great. His extensive learning, his cool judg- 
 ment, and general simplicity and truthful- 
 ness of character, were well calculated to 
 lead the pupil to studious, systematic and 
 persevering labor. After drilling him in 
 the strictest medical portion of his studies, 
 and giving him an opportunity to witness 
 an extensive office practice, he transferred 
 him to the office of Dr. George McClellan, 
 to be taught the principles and practice of 
 surgery. To those who knew McClellan, it 
 is no slight praise to say that McClintock 
 was the student of whom he was most 
 proud, and his assistant in many important 
 operations. 
 
Biographical Sketch. 119 
 
 " During his pupilage, young McClintock 
 enjoyed the advantage afforded by the prac- 
 tice of the Pennsylvania Hospital and Phil- 
 adelphia Almshouse Infirmary. lie attend- 
 ed and practised post-obit examinations and 
 dissections with the utmost ardor. He at- 
 tended the first course of lectures delivered 
 ' in the Jefferson College, in Prune Street, in 
 a 'building which the College had rented. 
 He was one of the first graduates of that 
 school, after its occupation of its present 
 site. 
 
 " The incorporation of Jefferson College 
 formed an epoch in the history of American 
 medicine. The question was agitated in 
 the Legislature with a zeal and an interest 
 that usually characterize partisan measures. 
 Years rolled on before the profession of 
 Philadelphia could be reconciled to the 
 legitimacy of a second college. These pre- 
 judices operated against the graduates of 
 the Jefferson and other colleges, until time, 
 talent, and success verified the fact that 
 
120 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH, 
 
 competition in science, as in everything 
 else, is the life of enterprise. From 1829 to 
 1832, McOlintock assisted the adjunct pro- 
 fessor in the dissecting hall, and in 1833 he 
 delivered a course of Lectures on Obstetrics 
 to a private class in the college. 
 
 "In 1830 he was appointed one of the 
 vaccine physicians for the city. This office 
 he held until 1841. In 1832 he was attach- 
 ed to one of the city cholera hospitals, and 
 was on duty in the prison on the dreadful 
 outbreak of cholera in August. In 1838 he 
 opened a dissecting room, and commenced 
 to deliver Lectures on Anatomy and Sur 
 gery to the largest private classes ever col- 
 lected in this country. This was due main- 
 ly to his independence and great power of 
 demonstrative teaching. Neither the tal- 
 ented and accomplished Godman, nor the 
 energetic McClellan, drew such classes to 
 hear them. Avoiding all attachment or sy- 
 cophancy to those who are supposed to dis- 
 tribute patronage to rising merit, he boldly 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 121 
 
 struck out a line of action for himself, and 
 was successful in maintaining it. In 1839 
 lie was appointed one of the attending phy- 
 sicians to the Almshouse Infirmary ; w T hich 
 station he filled for several years. In 1841 
 he was appointed Professor of Anatomy and 
 Physiology, in Castleton, Vt. ; he also lec- 
 tured in Pittsfield, Mass. In 1842 he re- 
 turned to Philadelphia, and re-established 
 the * School of Anatomy.' This year he de- 
 clined the chair of Anatomy in the "Wash- 
 ington University, Baltimore. 
 
 " He continued to lecture to large private 
 classes up to 1847, when he applied for an 
 act of incorporation for the ' Philadelphia 
 College of Medicine,' with the same powers 
 as the other schools. He had no difficulty 
 in obtaining it. In every county of the 
 State w r ere physicians who had been his pu- 
 pils, and were his warm personal friends. 
 The bill passed both houses, with a rapidity 
 almost unprecedented. In the following 
 summer the first session was held in the hall 
 11 
 
122 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH, 
 
 of the College of Pharmacy. Soon the Adel- 
 phi Hall, in Fifth Street, below "Walnut, 
 was purchased, and the second course was 
 delivered during the winter of 1847-8 in this 
 large and commodious building, where the 
 faculty still teach. It will thus be seen that 
 the School has two full courses annually — 
 one commencing; in October and ending* in 
 March, the other commencing in March and 
 ending in July. Every facility for medical 
 instruction which Philadelphia affords is at 
 the command of this flourishing school — 
 which during the last year numbered some 
 two hundred and twenty pupils, and bids 
 fair to improve largely in the year coming. 
 
 "Asa lecturer Dr. McClintock is off-hand, 
 extemporaneous and ready — using neither 
 written lectures nor notes. He is, perhaps, 
 the most happy demonstrative lecturer in 
 this country, particularly in Anatomy and 
 Surgery. His denominational connexion is 
 with the Methodists, among whom one of 
 his brothers is a distinguished preacher, 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 123 
 
 and is also a classic author. The general 
 tone of Dr. MeClintoek's character is that 
 of openness and bonhommie, perhaps too 
 frank for a cringing, wealth-loving commu- 
 nity, who are apt to adopt Talleyrand's no- 
 tion, and consider language as the means of 
 concealing their thoughts. Feeling his own 
 strength, he scorns the little arts of the 
 weak, and hence is a mark for the imbecile, 
 malicious and saintly. As an operator, he 
 is firm, cautious and rapid, with full confi- 
 dence in his own abilities. In his domestic 
 relations he is most happy, at least in the 
 Israelitish sense, having a large and amiable 
 family, to which he is most affectionately 
 and tenderly devoted. This beautiful trait 
 of character is very winning in men of his 
 energy and ambition, and contrasts finely 
 with the more masculine points. As a 
 friend, he is true and faithful, and will at 
 any time defend those whom he respects or 
 loves. Of course, as an enemy he is equally 
 open, decided and manly. His is the san- 
 guine temperament, with a large head cov- 
 
124 TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 erecl with light curly hair, a broad chest, 
 and well-built and compact frame. He is 
 well calculated to endure the labors of his 
 most arduous profession. 
 
 "Long may he live, to show to young 
 men without friends or fortune what can be 
 done by a manly self-reliance, and an energy 
 and industry which will not acknowledge 
 that there is such a word as fail." 
 
 " The following Letter was reported to the 
 Philadelphia Preachers' Meeting, held June 
 21st, 1869, by the Committee appointed to 
 draft resolutions expressive of its apprecia- 
 tion of Dr. McClintock's Lecture on the 
 Human Voice, wdiich was unanimously 
 
 adopted. 
 
 Nathan B. Durell, Secretary. 
 
 Prof James McClintockj M.D. 
 Dear Sir: • 
 
 "We take pleasure in saying 
 that we listened to your learned, yet wisely 
 
. TESTIMONIALS. 125 
 
 popularised Lecture on Monday, the 14th 
 inst., with delight, and we trust with profit. 
 Your evident familiarity with the subject 
 so ably handled gives us the assurance of 
 correctness in such statements as you had 
 not time fully to illustrate. 
 
 Accept our thanks, dear sir, with the as- 
 surance of our best wishes and earnest pray- 
 ers for your present and eternal welfare. 
 
 Isaac Mast, 
 John Ruth, 
 S. W. Thomas, 
 M. H. Sisty, 
 
 Committee/* 
 
 " Philadelphia, May 1th, 1869. 
 Pbof. James McClintock, M. D. 
 Dear Si7* : 
 
 Having learned that you 
 have obtained from Dr. Auzoux, of Paris, 
 a large collection of Models and other Pre- 
 parations, with the intention of giving pop- 
 ular Lectures on Anatomy, Physiology, &c, 
 11* 
 
126 TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 and believing that such information as yon 
 can impart will be beneficial to our fellow- 
 citizens, request you to give a course in our 
 city, at as early a day as may be convenient 
 to you. 
 
 We are, respectfully, 
 
 Yours, &c, 
 Henry D. Moore, Collector of the Port, 
 Gen. Henry H. Bingham, Post Master, 
 Hon. James Pollock, Ex-Governor of 
 Pennsylvania, and Director of the XL 
 S. Mint, 
 Hon. Daniel M. Fox, Mayor of Philada. 
 Hon. Morton McMichael, Ex-Mayor 
 
 of Philadelphia, 
 Hon. Alexander Henry, Ex-Mayor of 
 
 Philadelphia, 
 Hon. Richard Vaux, Ex-Mayor of Phil- 
 adelphia, 
 Gen. Hector Tyndale, 
 Thomas S. Smith, Esq., former Collector 
 
 of the Port, 
 William Devine, Esq., Manufacturer, 
 Hon. Samuel J. Randall, M. C. first 
 district, Pennsylvania, 
 
TESTIMONIALS. . 127 
 
 Gen. J. T. Owen, Recorder of Deeds, 
 C. A. Walborn, Esq., Ex-Post Master, 
 John R. Read, Esq. 
 Gen. Peter Lyle, Sheriff of Philadelphia, 
 W. J. Mullen, Esq., Prison Agent, 
 J. R. Burden, M. D., formerly Speaker 
 of the Senate of Pennsylvania. 
 
 "To the Editor of the Daily State Gazette. 
 
 Trenton, iV*. J"., September 10, 1869. 
 In view of the course of Lectures on Phi- 
 siology, &c, soon to be delivered in this city 
 by Professor James McClintock, of Phila- 
 delphia, I beg to say to the citizens of Tren- 
 ton, and to all others to whom it may con- 
 cern, that having listened to Medical Lec- 
 tures from Professors connected with Col- 
 leges in the cities of New York, Philadel- 
 phia, Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Paris, and 
 having heard many lectures by Professor 
 McClintock, I am free to sav that the latter 
 can and does impart more instruction in a 
 
 
128 TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 given time than any Medical Lecturer to 
 whom I ever listened. I recommend every- 
 body to attend his Lectures. 
 
 J. E. Freese, M. D." 
 
 From the Journal and Statesman. 
 
 Wilmington, Del,, Friday, October 8th, 1869. 
 
 Dr. McClintock's Lecture. — The follow- 
 ing correspondence explains itself: 
 
 Wilmington, Sept. 30th, 1869. 
 James MeClintock, M. D. 
 
 Dear Doctor :— We have heard of the 
 interest of your popular course of Lectures 
 on the Science of Life, the art of preserving 
 health, &c. The people need, and very ma- 
 ny desire, increased intelligence on these 
 practical subjects. Believing that you have 
 the ability and taste to unfold these themes 
 appropriately, and, concerned for the im- 
 provement and advantage of the communi- 
 ty, of which we constitute a part, we invite 
 you to fix an early day, for the delivery of 
 
TESTIMONIALS. 129 
 
 your useful course of Lectures in our city 
 
 of Wilmington. 
 
 Rev. Alfred Cookman, 
 Charles B. Shaw Esq. 
 Hon. Charles B. Lore, 
 Rev. G. W. Folwell, 
 Rev. W. H. H. Marsh, 
 Rev. Samuel L. Gracey, 
 Rev. J. F. Clymer. 
 
 From the Lancaster Intelligencer. 
 
 Monday Evening, January 'drd, 1870. 
 
 " A Great Lecturer. — Dr. James McClin- 
 tock delivered bis last Lecture on Sat- 
 urday evening to an audience composed 
 solely of gentlemen. His manner of hand- 
 ling the important subjects treated of in a 
 special Lecture was most appropriate and 
 worthy of all commendation. It is a rare 
 thing that our citizens are favored with 
 lectures of such a high character as those' 
 which have been delivered here by Profes- 
 sor McClintock." 
 
 I 
 
130 TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 The following Resolutions from the min- 
 utes of the " Philadelphia College of Medi- 
 cine," August 28th, 1853, will show the es- 
 timation in which Professor McClintock 
 was held by his associates. Dr. J. R. Bur- 
 den, President, and Dr. Robert Kildufte, 
 Secretary, pro tern. — 
 
 44 Resolved, That it is with feelings of sin- 
 cere regret the Corporators of the Philadel- 
 phia College of Medicine have received the 
 resignation of Dr. McClintock, as Professor 
 of Anatomy,* in that Institution — a situa- 
 tion held by him since the organization of 
 the College. 
 
 "Resolved, That as the Founder of the 
 Philadelphia College, Dr. McClintock is de- 
 serving of much praise, in adding another 
 to the many excellent means of Medical In- 
 struction existing in Philadelphia ; and in 
 the opinion of this Board, much of the suc- 
 cess of the Philadelphia College is to be at- 
 
 *Dr. McClintock had previously resigned the Chair 
 of Surgery in the College. 
 
TESTIMONIALS. 131 
 
 tributed to his great business energy and 
 capacity as a Lecturer and Demonstrator 
 of this branch of teaching, in which depart- 
 ment we believe he has no superior living" 
 
 From the Philadelphia Evening Herald. 
 
 May 31^, 1869, 
 
 " Merited Testimonials. — At the close of the 
 
 course of Lectures at Concert Hall, by Prof. 
 
 James McClintock, M. D., the Rev. Samuel 
 
 W. Thomas was called to preside, and the 
 
 following were unanimously adopted : 
 
 " Whereas, Professor James McClintock, 
 having completed his course of Lectures to 
 Ladies and Gentlemen on Anatomy, Phy 
 siology, and Hygiene, we deem it eminently 
 
 due to him, and becoming in us, to express 
 our satisfaction derived therefrom, there 
 fore, 
 
 " Resolved, That we bear willing testimony 
 to the interesting, able and successful man- 
 ner in which he has discharged his difficult 
 task of imparting a knowledge of these im- 
 
132 TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 portant matters in language adapted to the 
 comprehension even of those before unac- 
 quainted with the subject. 
 
 " Resolved, That we most earnestly com- 
 mend his highly instructive Lectures to all 
 desirous of obtaining information respecting 
 the wonderful organization of our physical 
 being, and the laws by which it may be 
 preserved, and our health and happiness 
 promoted. 
 
 " Resolved, That a copy of these Resolu- 
 tions be presented to the Professor, with our 
 earnest request that he resume his Lectures 
 at his earliest convenience." 
 
 On the succeeding evening, at the close 
 of the course to Gentlemen only, the Rev. 
 John Chambers presided, and the following 
 were offered by Dr. J. E. Harned : 
 
 " Whereas, We, as a class, have listened 
 with great satisfaction and instruction to 
 the course of popular Lectures delivered by 
 Professor James McClintock, feel it our du- 
 
TESTIMONIALS. 133 
 
 ty, In justice to ourselves, and as a mark of 
 our sincere regard and esteem for him, to 
 adopt unanimously, the following Resolu- 
 tions : 
 
 " Resolved, That we, his fellow-citizens, 
 tender him our grateful acknowledgments 
 for his valuable Lectures, and most cordial- 
 ly recommend him to any intelligent com- 
 munity w 7 herever he may travel, as a most 
 able Lecturer, and thoroughly competent 
 instructor of Anatomy, Surgery, Physiology 
 and Hygiene. 
 
 " Resolved, That we earnestly request him 
 to repeat his course of Lectures in this city 
 at his earliest convenience. 
 
 " Resolved, That a copy of these Resolu- 
 tions be presented to him with our warmest 
 w r ishes for his success." 
 
 From the Daily State Gazette. 
 
 Trenton, N. J., Sept 24, 1869. 
 " At an impromptu meeting of the admi- 
 rers of Prof. McClintock, whereof Baltus 
 12 
 
134 TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 Pickel, Esq. was chairman, the following 
 Preamble and Resolutions offered by Dr. J. 
 R. Freese, were unanimously adopted : 
 
 " Whereas, We, who have attended the 
 course of Anatomical, Physiological, and 
 Hygienic Lectures, just concluded in this 1 
 city by Professor James McClintock, M. D., 
 of Philadelphia, have been highly pleased, 
 and greatly instructed therewith, therefore, 
 
 " Resolved, That we heartily approve of 
 both the matter and manner of Professor 
 McClintock's Lectures, and believe no one 
 can attend without being pleased and great- 
 ly instructed in matters relating to their 
 own well-being. 
 
 " Resolved, That we return the Professor 
 our thanks for the chaste, courteous, yet 
 eloquent and forcible manner in which the 
 Lectures have been delivered, and most 
 heartily commend the course to any and all 
 communities that may be so fortunate as to 
 secure their delivery. 
 
 " Resolved, That we should be pleased to 
 
TESTIMONIALS. 135 
 
 have the Professor to repeat the course of 
 Lectures in this city whenever it may suit 
 his convenience." 
 
 From the Daily True American. 
 
 Trenton, N. J., Sept. 10th, 1869. 
 
 " Those of our citizens who are acquaint- 
 ed with the Eev. Dr. Halsey, Presbyterian 
 clergyman of ]STorristown, Pa., will read 
 with interest the following expression of his 
 opinion after hearing Dr. McClintock's Lec- 
 tures.: 
 
 " That he had, when a young man, stu- 
 died medicine; attended lectures by the 
 most distinguished teachers in the medical 
 colleges of America, and that from any one, 
 or from all of them, he had not obtained as 
 much clear, solid knowledge, as^he had 
 gained by listening to Dr. McClintock's 
 course in this borough. I must also add 
 that the Lectures have been characterized 
 by concise, chaste, ' and appropriate lan- 
 guage. While those who have, as I have. 
 
13b TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 attended the entire series of Lectures, will 
 cheerfully bear testimony that while full of 
 instruction, they have not been marred by 
 an improper expression, or aught that could 
 offend the most fastidious taste." 
 
 "Prof. James MeClintock, M.D., 
 
 of Philadelphia : — 
 
 The undersigned 
 being personally acquainted with Professor 
 James McClintock, M. D., as a practitioner 
 of Medicine and Surgery, and being familiar 
 with his history, testify to his high charac- 
 ter as a teacher and as one of the most suc- 
 cessful Physicians and Surgeons of this city, 
 and recommend him to the public in the 
 various towns and cities he may visit. 
 Philadelphia, March 7th, 1869. 
 
 Rev. Joseph Castle, D.D., 
 
 " P. Coombe, 
 
 " G. D. C arrow, D. D., 
 
 " John Walker Jackson, 
 
 " J. Cunningham, M. D., 
 
 " B. H. Nadal, D. D., 
 
 " C. Cooke, D.D., 
 
 " R. W. Humphreys, 
 
 " William L. Gray, 
 
 " Joseph Mason, 
 
TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 187 
 
 Rev. T. C. Murphy, M. D., 
 ' R. H. Pattison, D. D., 
 u George W. Lybrand, 
 u Alexander M. Wiggins, 
 ; ' T. A. Fernley, 
 1 L. D. McClintock, 
 
 George W. McLaughlin." 
 
 From Ministers of the Methodist Episcopal 
 Church in New Jersey : — 
 
 " We, the undersigned, being acquainted 
 with the personal and professional character 
 of James McClintock, M. D., do hereby, 
 with great pleasure, recommend him as com- 
 petent to give 'advice' and to practice his 
 profession as Physician and Surgeon ; he be- 
 ing eminently distinguished in both de- 
 partments. 
 
 Millville, New Jersey, March 22d, 1869. 
 
 Charles H. Whitecar, 
 William Walton, 
 L. Rusling, 
 A. E. Ballard, 
 A. K. Street, 
 
 George K. Morris." 
 
 VA' 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 North Western Christian Advocate, Chica- 
 go, 111.— " Dr. McClintock, of Philadelphia, 
 has long been acknowledged one of the most 
 scientific, wise, skilful and successful prac- 
 titioners of the age," 
 
 City Item, Philadelphia. — "It would be 
 insulting to the established reputation of 
 this eminent practitioner, (Dr. James Mc 
 Clintock) to commend him to the public. 
 No physician in the country stands higher 
 or is more universally esteemed." 
 
 Boston Journal, Mass. — " Prof. Ja^mes Mc 
 Clintock, one of the most talented physi- 
 cians of the country." 
 
 Daily Times, New York. — " The wisest 
 and best men in the country have been pa- 
 tients of Dr. James McClintock ; some of 
 our greatest physicians have been his pu- 
 pils." 
 
 The Journal and Statesman, "Wilmington, 
 Del.—" Prof. James McGlintock's skill, 
 learning and scientific research have placed 
 him foremost on the list of distinguished 
 professors and popular lecturers." 
 
 (138) 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 139 
 
 Lancaster Intelligencer \ Pa. — "We do but 
 re-echo the sentiment of all who heard him, 
 (Dr. McClintock) when we say that he is 
 one of the most entertaining; lecturers in 
 America." 
 
 " Daily Gazette and Bulletin, Williams- 
 port, Pa. — " Dr. McClintock is a fine speak- 
 er; his rhetoric admirable, his elocution 
 faultless, and his subject one which forty 
 years of experience has made him entire 
 master of." u Those who require the services 
 of an experienced Physician and Surgeon, 
 need not have the least hesitation in placing 
 themselves under the Doctor's care, as we 
 know him to be a most competent physician 
 of the highest standing;." 
 
 Sunday Dispatch, Philad. — "Dr. McClin- 
 tock is a gentleman of culture, high stand- 
 ing, and long experience as a medical and 
 surgical teacher and demonstrator." 
 
 Sunday Transcript, Philad. — " The high 
 character of Prof. McClintock as a teacher 
 of medicine is a full guarantee that the Lec- 
 tures will be able and instructive." 
 
 National Defender, Norristown, Pa. — 
 u The Professor has surpassed himself, as 
 
140 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 the continued attention and frequent ap- 
 plause of his audience has testified." 
 
 The Herald and Free Press, Norristown, 
 Pa. — " Prof. McCIintock is one of the most 
 experienced Physicians and Surgeons. 
 
 Norristown Republican. — "The Professor 
 is a pleasant speaker, and will no doubt in- 
 struct as well as please our citizens. " 
 
 Norristown Register. — " It is seldom that 
 our people have an opportunity to listen to 
 so eloquent and instructive a speaker." 
 
 Daily State Gazette, Trenton, N. J. — 
 "Prof. James McCIintock delivered an able 
 Lecture which was received with interest 
 and applause, on Physiology as a part of 
 Common School Education, in the New Jer- 
 say Normal School, before the National Ed- 
 ucational Convention, by invitation/' 
 
 Bordentown Register, N. J. — " Professor 
 James McCIintock, of Philadelphia, who is 
 probablv the ablest medical Lecturer of the 
 age." 
 
 Monmouth Inquirer ', N. J. — " He (Dr. Mc 
 Clintock) is said, in point of oratory, to re- 
 semble, and, in compass of voice, to excel 
 the celebrated temperance orator Cough." 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 141 
 
 Monmouth Democrat, N. J. — " Prof. Mc 
 Clintock, an eminent savan, who has stood 
 at the head of the medical profession in 
 Philadelphia, for a quarter of a century." 
 
 Pioneer, Bridgeton, 1ST. J. — " Dr. McClin- 
 tock was the most popular Lecturer in the 
 city, (Philadelphia) and is recognized as one 
 of the first Physicians and Surgeons of the 
 age." 
 
 Sunday Atlas, Philad. — "Prof. McClin- 
 tock stands in the very front rank of the 
 medical profession in this city." 
 
 The Age^ Philad. — " In this city it is hard- 
 ly necessary so speak of Dr. McClintock's 
 great capacity and experience, for he is ac- 
 knowledged to be one of the most eloquent 
 and instructive teachers the country has 
 over produced." 
 
 Sunday Mercury, Philad. — "One of our % 
 first physicians, who has been acknowledged' 
 to be one of the best teachers and practi- 
 tioners of the age." 
 
 The Philadelphia Inquirer. — u Prof. Mc 
 Clintock, has been a practitioner and teach- 
 er in this city for more than a generation, 
 and is well known to be one of our most 
 successful Physicians and Surgeons." 
 
142 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 Evening Bulletin. — "Dr. McClintock has al- 
 ways been distinguished as a liberalist, and as a 
 Lecturer equalled by few, excelled by none, and 
 his experience as a Physician and Surgeon of 
 forty years standing has been as extensive as 
 any man's in this city." 
 
 Evening Telegraph. — " Prof. McClintock has 
 long been known as a learned and eloquent 
 teacher of medicine." 
 
 The Evening Star. — " Prof. James McClin- 
 tock now one of our oldest Physicians and most 
 popular teacher*." 
 
 The Press. — " In this city where he, Dr. Mc 
 Clintock, is so well known as one of the highest 
 professional authorities/ 7 , 
 
 Evening Herald. — "If any man in America 
 can by the versatility of his descriptions, and the 
 enthusiasm inspired by the love of his theme 
 cause the skeleton of man to appear to speak 
 with a voice rich in illustrations of utility and 
 beauty that man is Professor James McClintock,, 
 our learned townsman." 
 
 Sunday Times.—" Prof. James McClintock, 
 our justly celebrated teacher of Anatomy and 
 Surgery having attained the highest pinnacle 
 of fame in the profession, has always been very 
 Hberal in imparting information to non-profes- 
 sionals." * 
 
 North American and Gazette. — " Dr. McClin- 
 tock is too well known to the Philadelphia pub- 
 lic, to need anv reference from us." 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 143 
 
 TJie Morning Post. — " Prof. McClintock has 
 devoted the greater part of his life to his profes- 
 sion. He is a fluent speaker, and is thoroughly 
 versed in the subject on which he will Lecture.' 7 
 
 Public Ledger. — " Dr. McClintock is one of 
 our best Medical Lecturers, a Physician of cul- 
 ture and ripe experience." 
 
 Daily True American, Trenton, 1ST. J. — " Dr. 
 McClintock is wonderfully effective as a teacher, 
 he is thoroughly versed in his subject, and is elo- 
 quent in his expositions." 
 
 Daily State Gazette, Trenton, 1ST. J._" The 
 Lectures of Dr. McClintock are all that was 
 claimed of them. These Lectures are very edify- 
 ing and profitable." 
 
 Daily Commercial, Wilmington, Del. — " Dr. 
 McClintock is one of the most eloquent speakers 
 that has ever visited our city, and as a medical 
 teacher he has long been acknowledged to have 
 few equals, and no superior." 
 
 The Methodist, New York.— " Prof. James 
 McClintock is an able teacher and experienced 
 Physician and Surgeon." 
 
 The Christian Advocate, New York, (From 
 its Philadelphia correspondent). — "Dr. McClin- 
 tock having been invited at a previous session 
 to address us, very generously complied on Mon- 
 day last. The attendance w r as large, aud the 
 •distinguished Lecturer, in an address of tw r o 
 hours' length, kept the attention of his clerical 
 auditors without weariness either on his par.t or 
 
144 NOTICES. 
 
 ours. The subject was Eloquence. With perfect 
 familiarity with the subject, and an excellent 
 model in himself, we enjoyed a rich treat. 7 
 
 The Lycoming Standard, Williamsport, Pa. — ■ 
 " From Dr. McClintock's great capacity, vast ex- 
 perience, and extended practice, there is no man 
 better fitted to give the people advice r and heal 
 them in case they are sick." 
 
 Newark Daily Mercury, N. J.—" Dr. McClin- 
 tock is well known as a man of integrity and 
 superior medical attainments, and entire confi- 
 dence may be reposed in any statement he makes." 
 
 PROFESSOR JAMES McCLINTOCK, M.D. r 
 
 No. 823 Bace Street, P7iiladelpMa, Pa., 
 
 or one of his Assistant Physicians, may be consulted 
 Daily, (except Sunday,.) from three o'clock to eight 
 o'clock, P.M., on all Derangements of the Kidneys, 
 Bladder, and Reproductive Organs, 
 
 Consulting Letters will be answered promptly. 
 Please write the names of the Post Office, County, 
 and State. 
 
 This Book can be obtained at Professor McClin- 
 toek's Offices, No. 828 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Price 50 cents. It may also be bought of all Periodic 
 cal Dealers and Booksellers, or from the Offices by 
 Mail, Persons wishing for the Lectures will please 
 enclose 50 cents, and the names of the Post Office, 
 County, and State, and the Book will be sent by return 
 Mail, 
 
(l { 
 
 ( 
 
 ) TO 
 
 MEDICAL LECTURES 
 
 GENTLEMEN : 
 
 i! BY 
 
 JAMES McCLLNTOCK, A. M., M. D. \ 
 
 \ 
 
 ( 
 
 ) PUBLISHED BY 
 
 ( , PROFESSOR JAMES McCLINTOCK, M. D. 
 
 ) Tm 88? Hupp rt ii n i i^ Philadelphia, Pa. \ 
 
 \ Price fifty Cents. J 
 ]) These " Lectures" will be sent by mail free of postage- \ 
 
 '4u %V/J/ fia£S*^cs-^J&6J2~ 
 
PROFESSOR JAMES McCLINTOCK, M.D 
 
 823 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa., 
 
 or one of his Assistant Physicians, may be 
 consulted Daily, (except Sunday,) from 
 three o'clock to eight o'clock, P. M., on all 
 Derangements of the Kidneys, Bladder, and 
 Reproductive Organs. 
 
 ggp Consulting Letters will be answered 
 promptly. Please write the names of Post 
 Office, County, and State. 
 
 JSJT* This Book can be obtained at Pro- 
 fessor McClintock's Offices, 823 Race Street, 
 Philadelphia, Pa., price 50 cents. It may 
 also be bought of all Periodical Dealers and 
 Booksellers, or from the Offices by mail. 
 
 Persons writing for the Lectures will 
 please enclose 50 cents, and give the names 
 of the Post Office, County, and State, and 
 the Book will be sent by return mail, post- 
 age paid. 
 
gj«=^ 
 
 PROFESSC 
 
 823 Kac 
 
 f )or one of h 
 ^consulted 
 ( > three o'eloc 
 ^Derangeme 
 ^Reproducti 
 
 > Jlg^Cor 
 ^promptly. 
 \ Office, Com 
 
 fessor McCl 
 
 Philadelphi 
 
 ' also be bou< 
 
 Booksellers 
 
 Persons 
 ( please enclo 
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