;f :>-•; v * * • °„ 'o o ^. ^*\' 9 i a1 A o * q^ v O V) * • * r V ; v* f COPYRIGHT 1902 L. A. VAUGHT Printed and Bound by M. A. DONOHUE & CO. PREFACE. The purpose of this book is to acquaint all with the elements of human nature and enable them to read these elements in all men, women and children in all countries. At least fifty thousand careful examinations have been made to prove the truthfulness of the nature and loca- tion of these elements. More than a million observations have been made to confirm the examinations. Therefore, it is given the world to be depended upon. Taken in its entirety it is absolutely reliable. Its facts can be completely demonstrated by all who will take the unprejudiced pains to do so. It is ready for use. It is practical. Use it. L. A. Vaught, INTRODUCTION. Human character is. the same as human nature in its last analysis. Human nature is composed of elements that are unchangeable in their nature and the same the world over. At least forty-two of these elements are now known. Individual character is a particular combi- nation of these elements in which some lead or predom- inate. To read character,, then, is to understand these ele- ments and determine their individual and relative strength in men, women and children. This can be done. Heads, faces and bodies tell the story. To Handle Human Nature To Educate Human Nature To Train Human Nature To Govern Human Nature To Perfect Human Nature DEFINITELY SAFELY AND SUCCESSFULLY Is to clearly understand the ELEMENTS OF HUMAN NATURE Vaught's Practical Character Reader. THE ELEMENTS of HUMAN NATURE Language. Number. Order. Color. Weight. Size. Form. Individuality. Eventuality. Locality. Time. Tune. Alimentiveness. Acquisitiveness. Constructiveness. Mirthfulness. Causality. Comparison. Human Nature. Suavity. Imitation. Ideality. Sublimity. Spirituality. Benevolence. Hope. Veneration. Firmness. ConscientiousnesSo Cautiousness. Secretiveness. Destructiveness. Combativeness. Vitativeness. Amativeness. Parental Love. Conjugality. Inhabitiveness. Friendship. Continuity. Approbativeness. Self-esteem. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 9 Observe for yourself. THE HEART OF CHARACTER. The very heart of human character is the faculty of Conscientiousness. It is the core. No character is sound that is not strong here. An apple is not sound that is rotten at the core. A human body is not strong with a weak backbone. Neither is a soul morally strong with a weak faculty of Conscientiousness. It is the nuecleolis of substantial character. The heart of anything is the most important part about it. To im- prove human character specifically is to develop this fac- ulty. All other methods are necessarily empirical, gen- eral and indefinite. HIGH TIME TO BE DEFINITE. It is time to be definite in education. It is time to be definite iin the study of man. It is time to be definite in talking, writing or preach- ing about human questions — high time. To be definite is to understand the elements of human nature. io Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Positively Honest /. Make a sharp contrast between this and the opposite. He that hath eyes to see, let him see. Here is a good head from a back view. What a wonderful difference between this and the other ! HONESTY. Honesty is almost wholly made up of the element of Conscientiousness alone. To be positively honest is to have a strong degree of this faculty, Self-esteem and Firmness. These three faculties, when predomi- nant in the mental constitution of anyone will make him wholly reliable. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. ii Here is an outline of a head that we want all men, women and children to perfectly fix in their minds. Make use of every opportunity you have of looking at heads from a back view. DECEITFULNESS. The elements of human nature that make people deceitful are Approbativeness, Amativeness, Secretive- ness, Alimentiveness, Acquisitiveness and Vitativeness. When these are very strong and Conscientiousness, Friendship, Benevolence, Self-esteem and Veneration weak, one will take the cake for deceitfulness. 12 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. HEAD and FACE \t ff&z^ // k^J It will pay all to remember the shape of this head and face. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 13 Here is the exact location from a side view of the most reliable faculty of the human mind — Conscientiousness. UNDERHANDEDNESS. Those who take underhanded ways of doing selfish things may be known by having predominant elements of Secretiveness, Approbativeness, Amativeness and Acquisitiveness. With Conscientiousness, Self-esteem and Combative- ness weak they will take to underhanded ways very soon after birth. Just observe or examine closely enough to learn if the four first named faculties are in the lead and you may rest absolutely assured that the party is underhanded in his ways whatever he may cla«im to the contrary. HOSPITALITY. The elements of hospitality are Friendship, Benevo- lence and Approbativeness. i4 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. DECEITFUL EYE An eye like this will represent a character that is positively deceitful. Why not use your own eyes and not be deceived by such? L J (DECEITFUL CHIN Study this chin young ladies and gentlemen and do not depend too much upon the constancy of anyone with a similar chin. DECEITFUL MOUTH One with a mouth like this can be very agreeable and still have the most selfish ax to grind. Clearly remember this shape and apply it. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 15 HONEST HONEST NOSE EYE t HONES? MOUH f HONEST CHIN Vv.^HT'Qj^ArT^rAL^ Reader. ^DECEITFUL EAR Keep your eyes open in dealing with people with ears like this. [^SINCERITY. The insincere man or woman is without enough ientiousness Self-esteem, Friendship, Conjugality, tal Love, Veneration, Benevolence and Com- bativ* i be courageous, self-respectful, honest and frank. Then some of his selfish faculties will incere words, protestations, actions and Be sure that one lias a strong degree of . Self-esteem, Friendship and Benevo- you depend upon his promises. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. iy JUDGE THOMAS McINTYRE COOLEY. A Standard of honesty. Here is a head and face that truly represent natural, inherent honesty. Specially study his face, and par- ticularly his eyes. ,s Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Gustave Kindt. Alias French Gus, Burglar and Tool-maker. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 19 ALL THE SIGNS OF HONESTY. An open eye. An eye that is steady. An eye that can look you in the eye without an effort. An eye that does not look furtively nor out of the corners at you. An eye that is not restless. Upper eyelids that are inclined to form angles. Perpendicular wrinkles between the brows above the base of the nose. A strong, straight-lined, clear-cut nose. A firm, steady mouth. A square chin. A well-formed ear that is somewhat square at the top and bottom- Straight lines anywhere in the face. Open hands. Square finger tips. A walk in which the heel strikes the floor first. A tendency to throw the toes outward instead of inward in walking. Lack of pretension. A disposition to consider any question. Frankness of manner. Disposition to trust others. Lack of suspicion. A candid, straightforward manner of statement. A voice that is clear, natural and direct in its tone. More important than all alse : a well-developed upper backhead and particularly a high rather square and convex back tophead. CONCENTRATION. The power of voluntary concentration is to be found in the elments of Firmness, Self-esteem, Continuity and Combativeness. With these four elements and Individuality one can concentrate his intellectual facul- ties on any subject he chooses and as long as he desires. Very simple when one understands it. 20 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Here is a masculine head and face, made so by the aline faculties of the mind. Masculinity is in- t lo certain faculties. When these are in the lead they not only give a masculine nature but form the masculine head, face and body. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 2t Why is this head and face the opposite of the mas- culine? Because the feminine faculties are predom- inant. There is a great vital truth right here. 22 V.\ re, llT's PRACTICAL CHARACTER READER. i ascertain by observation and examination if the feminine faculties named are predominant and the rest can be taken absolutely for granted. It is better to understand and begin with causes than to simply notice effects. The causes of all kinds of heads, and bodies that are natural are the elements of human nature. tnir illustration of positive masculine and fern- mine Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 23 MASCULINITY. One is masculine by virtue of certain faculties. Masculinity is made up of certain faculties or mind elements just as certainly as the United States is made up of states and territories. These are: Destructiveness, Combativeness, Firmness, Self-esteem, Amativeness, Causality, Number and Constructiveness. When these eight elements of human nature predominate in one's mental composition he will have a masculine mind, voice, head, face and body. Human Nature builds the body. Certain elements of human nature when in the lead, build a body on masculine lines. The head will be square in front, high in the crown, nearly perpendicular in the back and the face will be broad nose large and broad, the upper lip straight, the mouth large, stiff and cut in straight lines, the chin large, thick and square, the jaw square, neck large and shoulders square. This will be true, whether man or woman. FEMININITY. While certain primary faculties make one masculine other faculties just as certainly make one feminine. To be feminine in disposition, head, face and body is to have the faculties of Benevolence, Parental Love, Approbativeness, Cautiousness, Conjugality, Compari- son, Spirituality, Human Nature and Eventuality in the lead in the formation of one's mind. The head will be narrow from ear to ear, the backhead round with the upper' portion fullest, the frontal part of the tophead high and broad, the forehead nicely curved and fullest in the center beginning at the base of the nose. The nose will be small and curved, the eyes round, the mouth small and beautifully curved and the chin and neck small. The shoulders will be curved, the hips broad and the body as a whole more round or curved than square. 24 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. A GENUINE MOTHER. We affirm in the most absolute manner that words can be used that mother love is located exactly where this backhead projects most. To be a true, natural mother is to have this faculty highly developed. Young men, fix this picture in your minds. MOTHER LOVE. Mother love is nothing more nor less than the faculty "t Parenl il Love. It all comes from this one faculty. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. an UNRE- LIABLE MOTHER This is a striking illustration. It will pay all to remem- ber this head formation and especially all men who would select wives who will make good mothers. SLOVENLINESS. Why is one slovenly? Because his faculties of Ideal- ity, Order, Self-esteem and Approbativeness are weak. Positively nothing more true. ANOTHER KIND OF- CRYING. There are selfish children who seem to cry but do not. They use the cry as a means to an end. This should not be termed crying, but calling, bawling, howling, screech- ing. 26 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. ^\ume /> The above illustration represents a very important fact. To be a genuine father is to have a strong faculty of Parental Love and there is only one faculty of this kind and one place to look for it. No man with a de- ficient, perpendicular back head is a natural father. A GENUINE FATHER. ■ nuine father has strong faculties of Parental Love, Conscientiousness, Friendship, Approba- •"1 Self esteem. The chief of these is Parental Tins social element gives an instinctive love of children and therefore a fatherly nature. Be sure that villi large Conscientiousness and vill not go back on his children. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 27 We emphatically advise women to distinctly bear in mind that all men with heads shaped like this are unreli- able as fathers. ,8 Vaught's Practical Ch aracter Reader Young ladies, indelibly fix this shape of head in your memories. Any man who will make a natural, kind and true husband will have a head in outline from a Bide view like this. PREJUDICE. composed of Friendship, Parental Love, ty, [nhabitiveness, Approbativeness, Venera- tion and Destructiveness. These elements when in the ■ roe a strong feeling for something or some- and against the opposite. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 29 The reason this man is an unreliable husband is be- cause he is very weak in Conjugality and Parental Love and exceedingly strong in Amativeness. Young ladies, beware of such men as husbands. BIGAMY. Bigamy comes directly from Amativeness. Con- scientiousness is weak and Secretiveness large. POLYGAMY. Polygamy is an amalgamation of Amativeness, Spir- ituality and Veneration. Strange, but perfectly true. 30 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. LOVE. What is love? How may it surely be determined? Love is made up of three individual sentiments : Friend- ship, Conjugality and Amativeness. Therefore it may be understood, measured and analyzed. There can be no love between the sexes without some degree of these three primary sentiments or elements of mind. They are located in the backhead. This is the first place to look for love. Go to head quarters. But one may have much more of one of these elements of love than another. Here is the "rub." This can be determined by proceeding to read character in the following way : When the base of the backhead is larger and fuller than the upper part, passional or amatory love is in the lead. This kind of love is physical and not lasting. The eyes will have thick lids and not be very open; the lips will be large, coarse and par- ticularly developed in the center of each; the chin will be large and thick downward. When Conjugality is in the lead, the upper part of the backhead will be the largest and fullest. This will give a round, full, symmetrical form to the entire back- head. This faculty never flirts, while Amativeness docs. Conjugality is devoted to one. It likes the company of one. It desires marriage, while Amative- desires a good time and is indifferent about mar- When Conjugality is in the lead of Amativeness in one's love nature, the eyes will be open and candid, the lips refined, nicely curved and not very thick nor full m the tenter; the chin will be comparatively thin and the neck not large. When Friendship is in the lead of the other two the upper part of the backhead will be decidedly the fullest, especially in width. The lips will '"iuld not make this more plain. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 33 HOW TO LEAD CHILDREN. There is no rule by which children can be handled — the composite make-up of the human mind makes null and void the universal practicality of a rule. The very best way is to understand children — to under- stand them part by part or elementally. Each child is composed of fundamental elements. Each inherits these in different degrees of strength. A very accurate knowledge of the individual and relative strength of these faculties in a child is the only reliable basis of leading children properly. Without this knowledge, parents and teachers have to experiment with children and then never truly know whether they are proceed- ing in the proper way or not. What we mean by the proper way is that way that will best fit the child for future Self-control, Success, Health and Happiness. Any child can be led if fully known. Every child has some strong faculties or at least some that are stronger than others. Paradoxical as it may seem, in one sense these are the child's weaknesses. He will give attention through them. By means of these strong faculties he may be led into a higher channel. The above illustration shows how one kind of boy may be easily led. The ring (as it were) to which the cord is attached is put through his backhead — the region of his affections. When a boy has a round, full back- head like this he can be led easily by means of his af- fections. He will respond quickly to friendly ap- proaches. He likes to be loved and petted. He will be interested, too, in pets of some kind — a dog, pony, parrot or pig. By means of these he can be led into the study of natural history and science if properly handled. Parents and teachers should know what heads mean. They should know the faculties that are located in the different parts of the head. Very much safer would be their guidance and successful their government of children. $4 Vaugiit's Practical Character Reader. One may be strong intellectually and socially idiotic, listinctly represented by this head and face. HYPNOTIC POWER. Wha1 constitutes hypnotic power? It is made up of •M, Firmness, Combativeness, Secretiveness, Spirituality, Human Nature, Individuality, and De- reat self-confidence, will, olness, secrecy, tact, mysterious- ■ entration, which constitute hypnotic power, .lit ones make eight." Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 35 JULIA WARD HOWE. Author of the "Battle Hymn of the Republic," etc., etc. A sincere face, of the thinking, listening type. The faculty of Individuality is negative. 36 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. PROF. A. GRAHAM BELL. A remarkable degree of the faculty of Individuality, the center of observation. Vaught's Practica l Character Reader. 37 We wish to emphasize in the most absolute way the fact that so far as a human being is concerned all danger lies in these two faculties. They are easily located and should be understood by every man, woman and child. Be on guard against the danger in such men and women. PUGNACITY. Pugnacity comes directly from Combativeness. Then if Destructiveness, Approbativeness and Amativeness are also very strong one will be positively pugnacious. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Anyone with a head like this is dangerous in a vicious sense because Destructiveness is very strong and Cau- tiousness and Conscientiousness weak. THE TWO DANGEROUS ELEMENTS OF II I'M AX NATURE. There are only two dangerous elements in human nature. We mean just what we say — there are only two dangerous elements in human nature. Then when you wish to determine whether there is anything dan- gerous in a man, woman or child, examine his or her head and ascertain if Destructiveness or Amativeness rong. No one of the other elements can hurt you Without these two there could be eduction, enticing into vice or leading astrav on one hand, nor any anger, hatred, revenge, rage, vio- vindictiveness, poisoning or murdering on the other. Fix this truth in your intellect and then look for the developmenl of these two faculties. If they possible danger always, and Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 39 when Conscientiousness, Benevolence and Friendship are weak, positive danger. Nothing known by man is more absolutely true than this. The above illustration speaks volumes for itself. Destructiveness is the center of all the characteristics named here. PROFANITY. There is only one faculty in the human mind that can give one any desire to really swear, and this is De- 40 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. structiveness. Children may be led into using pro- fane words by the faculties of Imitation and Appro- bativeness, but when one really d s any one or anything he uses Destructiveness. Children with De- structiveness predominant take to swearing like a duck to water. Those who have this faculty weak and large Benevolence and Veneration are horrified by profanity. Anyone with large Destructiveness will have a strong tendency to swear. '-i.t any modification of words, we say that no feel any degree of revenge without the faculty " Destructiveness. Here is the very heart of it Vaught's Practical Character Reader 41 REVENGE. There is only one element of human nature whereby any man, woman or child, of any tribe, nationality or race can feel revengeful. This is the element called Destructiveness. All of the other elements may be cheated, beaten or robbed and manifest no revenge. Why? Because they are not constituted that way. Look, then, for a positive faculty of Destructiveness if you wish to know whether there is that in one that will hold a grudge and resolve to get even Ill-will, hatred, malice, revenge — all must come through the element of Destructiveness. How? By means of some other element being hurt or imposed upon. Cheat Acquisitiveness and it will try to get revenge through Destructiveness. Offend Approbativeness and it will do the same. Hurt Parental Love by hurting a child and it will fly to Destructiveness and the two will cry for revenge. All the other faculties have to go to Destructiveness if they mete out revenge for being unjustly dealt with. ALL THE SIGNS OF ENERGY. A broad head from ear to ear. A large and broad Roman nose. A stiff upper lip. A high crown of the head. Dense, wiry hair. No surplus flesh. A bright, snappy eye. A large, square chin. A square jaw. Rather large bones. Square shoulders. Large cheeks. More than all else, strong faculties of Destructiveness, Combativeness, Firmness, Approbativeness and Ama- tiveness. FRIVOLITY. A frivolous disposition comes from a dominant degree of Amativeness, Approbativeness and Mirthfulness. *a Vaught's Practical Character Reader 6 TngP Anyone with a head like the above is dangerous be- cause Conscientiousness is weak and Amativeness very strong. In an immoral sense this man is positively dangerous. BRUTALITY. I low may one be brutal? means of large Destructiveness and some other selfish faculty Like Alimentiveness, Acquisitiveness, Amativeness or Approbativeness. Alimentiveness or Destructiveness will make one brutal when hungry or intoxicated. and Destuctiveness will make one brutal in the getting and holding of money or property. and Destructiveness will make one brutal m the gratification of lust. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 43 Approbativeness and Destructiveness will make one brutal in rivalry and jealousy. In all such case one must remember that Benevo- lence, Conscientiousness, Friendship, Conjugality and Parental Love are not strongly developed. Always look or examine to see how strong these faculties are. CRUEL EYES Notice the straightness This is a true picture of of the upper lids and how a gross, sensual chin, hard they press down up- on the balls. This means possible cruelty. WHAT IS SAVAGEISM? Savageism is a predominating degree of Destructive- ness with small Benevolence. MILITARY NATURE. The composition of military nature is Combative- ness, Destructiveness and Approbativeness. The first to give a love of combat, the second of shooting and the third of fame and victory. MOODS. The human mind is so many sided that one can show a great variety of moods. A particular mood is , a particular faculty in a high or predominating state of action. A mirthful mood is the element of Mirthfulness leading all the others in action. A surly mood is Destructiveness leading. A friendly mood is friendship in the lead of all others in action. 44 Vaught's Practica l Character R eader. Sensuality is wholly made up of two elements — Ali- mentiveness and Amativeness. This illustration shows the location of these and when very strong in head and face. Remember the picture and apply it to others. SENSUALITY. Sensuality can be gotten right at. It can come from rce than two fundamental elements of the mind, to wit: Alimentiveness and Amativeness. The istatory and the second amatory pleasure. To Lean all round sensualist, then, is to simply live in or under these two faculties. They are as easily located and almost as easily seen. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 45 The different kinds of energy localized. Al- ways look for energy ex- actly where it is located. A striking comparison. Some have less ability than they think they have and some a great deal more. ENERGY. The two primary and exact sources of energy are Com- bativeness and Destructiveness. These two elements are inherently active. That is, they love action or effort without any attachments or other axes to grind. De- structiveness is the fundamental element of all energy that comes under the head of forceful. Combativeness covers all energy that contends. The two together, like everything of a forceful, struggling, wrestling, pushing, driving, destroying, overcoming kind, whether it be a desk that is hard to open, a game of football, a stump in the field or a mountain that has to be tunneled or re- moved. This is their pleasure. 46 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Indelibly fix this in your memories. Till- THINKING STUDENT. > think out and understand the principles, defini- s, causes, laws and solutions of educational is to possess a strong degree of Causality Comparison. These two elements, therefore, when '"ant.inako the thinking student Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 47 All should fix this outline in their minds and com- pare it with the opposite. THE VISUAL STUDENT. The student who is mentally organized to learn chiefly by vision has the mind elements of Individuality, Form, Size, Locality, Color and Order predominant. One may have perfect eyes and be weak in these facul- ties, and learn very poorly by vision. This is a great fact for educators. 4 8 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. This head speaks for itself. It is an emphatic fact. AWKWARDNESS. Why i iwkward? Because he has predomi- g faculties of Approbativeness, Destructiveness, and weak faculties of Human Nature, Individuality, Weight, Time, Amativeness, Combative- and Self-esteem. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 49 Fix this outline to stay fixed in your mind, because it will pay you to do so. GREED. The primary elements of greed are Alimentiveness and Acquisitiveness. Suppose these two elements are very strong and Benevolence, Conscientiousness and Friendship very weak. Then one will be an out and out pig. 5 c Vattght^Practical CharacterJR eader. >QVAV\e5S\ , 7 Pluck is a fact. Here is an illustration that explains the fundamental elements of it. PLUCK. The elemental ingredients of pluck arc Combative- Firmness, Destructiveness, Self-esteem. The chief one is Combativeness. If moral pluck, Conscien- is added. Add any other element to the primary elements and you get a particular kind ot pluck. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 51 THE TWO PRIMARY CAUSES OF NERVOUSNESS Here we hit the nail right on the head. All mental nervousness and nearly all physical nervousness springs directly from these two elements. This is a great tact for all who are thus afflicted and for all teachers, parents, physicians and psychologists. 5 2 Vaught s Practical Character Reader. The two elements of fear and nervousness from a back view. BLUSHING. To blush is to have enough of the element of Appro- bativeness to make one fear some kind of ridicule or criticism. Without this faculty no one can blush. If Sell esteem is weak and Conscientiousness, Cautious- md Veneration strong one will be a great blusher. CASTE. omes from only two elements of human nature; Approbativeness and Self-esteem, but chiefly from the former. It is a mixture of vanity and self-importance, and wholly without merit. There may be talent and chars tmected with it, but the feeling itself is wholly the product <>t two selfish elements. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 53 Here is a striking illustration of the wants, accumu- lations and expressions of a single faculty — Approba- tiveness. VANITY. The center of human vanity is the faculty or element called Approbativeness. To be vain is to be nattered through this faculty. When this faculty is very strong one is subject to some kind of flattery and can easily be made vain. No other element of human nature cares for praise. It is easy to locate this faculty in the head. It causes the head to be held to one side. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. It makes the voice affected. It curls the mustache upward. It does the same yvifri the corners of the lips. It shows the upper teeth when praised, and minces the walk. When the crown of the head is high and the center of it where Self-esteem is located is low, this faculty will be very active. Then if the faculty of human nature is weak there -will be great susceptibility to flattery. JUST PRESS THE RIGHT BUTTON. Whenever you wish to get the attention Of Jones or Smith, O'Connor or Dutton, DoaM whistle nor sing, nor profane things' mention: fust walk up to the head and press the right button. HEAD Work. do head work a good degree of two mind elements itely necessary. These are Comparison and An should bear tins in mind Never se- •"]• work unless he has a *ood ' dements. To do constructive tructiveness. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 55 WHICH TOUCHES THE LINE? The above illustration is a very instructive one. It will enable our readers to get at the predominant characteristics of anyone at a glance when they fully understand it, and when the individual to be read has one or more predominant faculties. That part of the face or head that projects most forward (if n orma l) tells what part of the mind is predominant. Special development of parts of head or face means special strength of certain faculties. When the upper forehead is the most pronounced in development the reasoning or thinking faculties 56 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. (Causality and Comparison) of the mind are predom- inant. Such a person will be an abstract, absent- minded thinker. Is very likely to be an ideal theorist. He may be a profound philosopher but not very prac- tical. When the nose gets to the line first there is a very different character because other faculties are pre- dominant in the mental constitution. In such cases some of the courageous, selfish, forceful faculties pre- dominate. In a word, energetic force is predominant in the individual. We do not say, however, that such a person will necessarily be a very strong character in every particular. He may have no very strong faculties, but when this part of the face does predom- inate the faculties that go with it do also. Combativeness and Destructiveness are the two faculties that correspond with the convex anterior projection of the bridge of the nose, while if the nose is thick at the same time, Acquisitiveness and perhaps Secretiveness are also strong. Such people have some kind of active energy, and when the nose is broad, selfish energy. There is a very different set of faculties predomi- nant when the lips touch the perpendicular line first. Then the appetites and social sentiments predominate. Such are impulsive, sentimental, sensual and often voluptuous. They make emotional speakers and are almost wholly governed by impulse. Where the chin is the most forward feature, tenacity of life is predominant, and if the chin is square and persistence is also very strong. Where the chin square and long but thick in muscular cover- and fleshy, sexual passion is stronger than per- nee. When these four divisions of the face are all strongly developed or when they show a positive convex form, will be a strong character intellectually, execu- tively, vitally and sentimentally. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 57 Here we have a well balanced or level head. What is a level head? In common parlance it is the way of saying that one has a well-balanced mind. What a well-balanced mind is, is no easy thing to explain. An incomplete explanation would be this: One with Human Nature, Causality, Individuality, Number, Conscientiousness, Acquisitiveness, Firmness, Combat- iveness and Self-esteem, predominant. 5 8 vaught's Practical Character Reader. Here can be seen the faculties of the mind that build the lower jaw — to wit: Amativeness, Combativeness, Destructiveness and Firmness. PUGILISM. The mind elements that give a love of pugilism are Combath Destructiveness, Amativeness and Ap- prob Just as certainly as these four faculties redominant in anyone he will be fond of baseball, ill, athletics anil boxing. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 59 The principal reason that one has a long face with all the features turning downward as indicated in this illus- tration, is because those faculties of the mind that ought to fill out his top head and make it round and full are de- ficient. A roof- shaped head is pessimistic. DISAGREEABLENESS. The make-up of Disagreeableness is Destructiveness, Firmness, Approbativeness, Secretiveness arid Aliment- iyeness. When these are strong and the five agreeable faculties are weak, one is very disagreeable generally. Such a person will tease, combat, boast, criticise and de- light in worrying others. A GREAT PROBLEM SOLVED. THE REASON WHY OF HUMAN DIVERSITY. The number of Human Beings that may exist without two being alike. A MATHEMATICAL SOLUTION. According to Permutation, the forty-two individual faculties of which the human mind is composed may com- bine in 2, 810, 01.2, 235, 50.5, 75.9, 797, 086, 28.5, 212, 489, 023,- 129,540,768,000,000,000 different ways, which will ac- count for all the diversity of the human family in the past, at present and for a few hundred million years in the future. no Vaught's Practical Character Reader. This picture shows how moral reformers shoot at random at vice. They do not know the location of vice, and therefore shoot wildly. Not a single arrow has hit the bull's eye. THE CENTER OF THE SOCIAL EVIL. Tin- social evil is a fact. Many good and learned people are trying to check, modify or suppress it. Their Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 6i intentions are good. They shoot at it with tongue and pen. That is, they suppose they shoot at it. They shoot, but, unfortunately, they do not shoot any more definitely at it than if they stepped out of their houses upon a dark night when the moon was down, electric lights out, and shot into space in the hope of hitting a burglar. Why don't they draw a bead on it? Answer: They do not know the location of it. They do not know the nature of it. They do not know the source of it. They do not know that it is a single element of the mind. They do not know when nor where to commence to correct it. They ought to know. They can know. They can know exactly. They can know very soon after the babe is born. They can, if they will, learn the location of the faculty in the brain. Observe the illustration. Not one of the marksmen has hit the "bull's-eye." Every shot has missed. What a de- plorable waste of time, energy and arrows! They have hit the intellect, which is in front, the moral faculties, which are in the tophead, pride and vanity, which are in the back crown of the head, but not a single one has even come close to the exact source of the evil. They have not even crippled it. How could they cripple it till they hit it? How can they hit it till they know where it is? It is located in the little brain directly back of the two bony prominences that may be found and felt behind the ears. When very strong in child, woman or man this region will be decidedly full or convex in form. It is immediately below a fissure that runs horizontally above it, and partly separates the little brain from the big brain, or, in other words, the cere- bellum from the cerebrum. Its name is Amativeness. We now have it "spotted." We know where to look for it. No longer is it necessary to shoot at random. We can now see it so distinctly and individually that we can hit it every time if we are good shots. 62 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. FEMININE MASCULINE SELFISH FOXY PHYSICAL BALANCED MENTAL MUSICAL Just look for yourself. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 6-< Get all of this. Many are somewhat organized like the above. Here is a complete and pointed explanation of the reason one cannot say no. IMPULSIVENESS. What makes people impulsive? Intellect is not impulsive. There is no impulse in a single intellectual faculty. There is no impulse in Firmness or Self-esteem, There is impulse in Cautiousness, Destructiveness. Benevolence, Friendship, Approbativeness, Parental Love, Combativeness, Amativeness, Alimentiveness, Inhabitiveness, Veneration, Acquisitiveness, Ideality 64 Vaught's Practica l Character Reader. Mirthfulness, Hope and Sublimity. To be impulsive then is to let one or more of these elements act without regulation. Impulses start in these faculties. If they are much stronger than Self-esteem, Firmness, Con- scientiousness, Human Nature and Causality in anyone he will be impulsive. Simply ascertain by a close examination of the head by sight or hand or both if the five last named faculties are predominant or not and you can tell whether one belongs to the impulsive class or not. This shows the loca- Men, women and chil- tion of the sensitive fac- dren with such shaped ulty of Approbativeness heads as this are fitfuL from a back view. It is They are deficient in ap- one that all should exact- plication, perseverance, ly locate. decision and resolute, un- changeable will. CHANGEABLENESS. A positive disposition to change comes from Local- •nstructiveness and Destructiveness, with weak Veneration, Firmness, Self-esteem, Continu- ity and Inhabitiveness RATTLES. ■ kittles is to let the element of An- gel unduly excited. This faculty causes it, blushing and embarrassment. No other element has the power to rattle. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 65 PERSONAL MAGNETISM. To be magnetic is to have very strong faculties of Friendship, Amativeness, Alimentiveness, Combative- ness, Human Nature, Benevolence, Mirthfulness, Firm- ness, Causality, Language and Comparison. Amativeness and Alimentiveness furnish the vital magnetism. Friendship, Benevolence and Mirthful- ness the social magnetism. Combativeness and Firm- ness the courageous magnetism. Language, Causality Comparison and Human Nature the intellectual mag- netism. The three that have by far more to do in making one magnetic than all others are Friendship, Combativeness and Amativeness. These three facul- ties when very strong will make anyone magnetic. James G. Blaine had Friendship. General Phil Sher- idan, Combativeness, and Brigham Young, Amative- ness. Unite these in a predominant degree in one man and you have the "secret" of personal magnetism. PHYSICAL CHARMS. Physical charms are the product of strong, healthy faculties of Amativeness, Alimentiveness and Parental Love with a fair degree of Combativeness and Destruc- tiveness. THE ARGUMENTATIVE DISPOSITION. The fundamental and specific source of the argumenta- tive disposition is Combativeness. This faculty likes to contend for contention's sake. United with Language it will contend with words. If Approbativeness is added to these two, there will be a wordy contention for victory. If Firmness is added there will be a persistent spirit of contention. If Causality is added to these, there will be a wordy, ambitional, persistent, logical contention. Destructiveness will add force and bitter- ness to the contention and may be blows or pistols. If Secretiveness, Human Nature and Constructiveness are also strong and Conscientiousness weak the contender will resort to strategy, ingenuity and cunning in his con- tentions. In this way the argumentative disposition may be gotten at fully and fundamentally. 66 Ya light's Practical Character Reader. A very valuable fact is illustrated right here. Vital et ism wholly comes from this region. Not an BS from any other faculty of the mind or part of the brain. Vaught's Practical Character Readei 67 DEFICIENT IN VITAL MAGNETISM Anyone can demonstrate the truthfulness of the above by mere observation. LATENT VITALITY. If a child has a strong development of Alimentive- ness, Vitativeness and Amativeness it will have much latent vitality. It may be puny and not grow well for a while but if rightly cared for will surprise the parents and friends by growing into a strong man or woman. In such cases there has been arrested development by sickness of mother, prenatal influences or improper food. Always go to the brain for certainty in any kind of character reading. 68 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. This is another illustration of the fact that if you press the right button (excite the right faculty) you will get the right response. Touch approbativeness and you will raise the upper lip. DISPOSITION TO CROW. The M crowing" faculty is Approbativeness. None other. Others will give force to the crowing, but not ' the desire, [f Destructiveness is strong and Be- li nee and Conscientiousness weak, one will "rub it in RELIGIOUSNESS. The fundamental religious elements are Spirituality and Veneration. Their first assistants are Hope, Be- an. 1 Conscientiousness. Without the two aiions could have ever been. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 69 ELISHA GRAY. A scientific form of head. Great perceptive faculties. ■jo Vaught's Practical Character Reader. *-**** THE KEYNOTE OP EDISON'S GENIUS. ,lHM,n ( lcrs(o ( Hl-clearly understood. auseitisaiw* ultics. These "facul- ^^""J uiiuclt>lUOQ. y understood because it is alwavs and 1 faculties. Twf^i Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 71 ties can be understood and measured in all men, women and children. If there is any particular kind of genius there is always a very high development of those fundamental faculties that constitute the particular kind of genius. Mechan- ical genius is made of mental elements that by their very nature cannot constitute literary, musical or commercial genius. Thomas A. Edison's genius is well known as the in- ventive. It is not commercial or musical. The "keynote" of it is the elemental faculty of Con- structiveness. His portrait overwhelmingly indicates this. That great convex development of the middle side temples is the result of a very strong degree of the fac- ulty of Constructiveness which has its seat here and de- velops its two organs (one in each hemisphere) till they positively determine the formation of the external skull. The second element of his inventive genius is Causality the logical thinking faculty. These two faculties are the two most original faculties of the forty-two facultied soul. His eyes and head show an active faculty of Spirit- uality also which gives him a consciousness of the undis- covered and faith in his efforts. He has a great development of those faculties that the constitution of the human mind necessitates to possess the very original inventive genius that he has so remark- ably displayed. CURIOSITY. Curiosity is the product of Individuality, Causality, Spirituality, Constructiveness, Approbativeness, Secret- iveness and Amativeness. Individuality gives a desire to see a thing; Causality to understand it; Spirituality to marvel at it; Constructiveness to understand how it is constructed; Approbativeness to get it before some- body else does; Secretiveness to suspiciously pry into it and Amativeness to revel in the scandal of it. When these faculties are predominant in one he is a veritable curiosity seeker, looker and investigator. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Destructiveness is the center of human temper. The nine other faculties that stir it up principally are Vitative- ness, Amativeness, Alimentiveness, Acquisitiveness, Con- jugality, Inhabitiveness, Approbativeness, Conscien- tiousness and Veneration. TEMPER. Human temper has a beginning. In one sense, we • faculty ; yet this is not ex- tinction of the faculty from Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 73 which temper springs is not exactly one of temper. This much may be said, however, there is a faculty without which no one can feel any temper. This faculty is Destructiveness. Its function is not simply to destroy; it is dynamic force. It is, also, the only faculty by means of which one can feel anger, malice and the tendency to crush or destroy. In itself it will not result in a manifestation of this kind. It is only when some other faculty is hurt that Destructiveness be- comes angry. PRETENSION. The elements of pretension are Approbativeness, Ali- mentiveness, Acquisitiveness, Amativeness. There are no other elements that can give any desire to pretend. To successfully pretend is to have in addition to the above named, Secretiveness and Human Nature. Not to be pretentious is to have Conscientiousness and Self- esteem predominant. 74 Vaug ht's Practical Character Reader. DIAGNOSE YOUR OWN CASE. Make use of the following definite self-knowledge. It vou are nervous your faculties of Cautiousness and Approbativeness are dominating the rest of you. [f you cannot say no to one of the same sex, your Friendship, Approbativeness and Benevolence are rela- tively too strong. If you cannot say no to the opposite sex, it is Ama- tiveness, Approbativeness and Benevolence. I f you cannot say no to children, it is Parental Love Benevolence and Approbativeness that prevent you. I f you get rattled easily your faculties of Self-esteem and Firmness are not large enough. If you get the "blues' ' easily, your Self-esteem, Com- bativeness, Firmness, Spirituality and Hope are too weak. If you are irritable, Approbativeness, Destructiveness and Combativeness have got the upper hand of you. I I you are absent-minded, Individuality, Locality, Hu- man Nature and Cautiousness are not large enough to keep in front. Just as surely as you keep these'facul- ties in front you will never become absent-minded. If vou fail to remember names, Language, Self-esteem, Approbativeness and Tune are not so strong as they ought to be to make you give particular attention to them. People with these faculties strong always give attention to names and therefore remember them. It" you are broad between the eyes, however, you can remember names by writing them down and fixing them in your faculty of Form. It you hesitate or stammer in speech, you are deficient m Self-esteem, Firmness and Combativeness and should immediately cultivate these three faculties by the most courageous and self-respectful action. borrow trouble, the trouble with you is too much Cautiousness and Approbativeness. tempted to steal because you love some- roperty or watermelons, it is because Ac- and Alimentiveness are pretty strong in Ml make-up. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 75 If you are inclined to hold a grudge, remember that it is only because your Destructiveness is larger than your Benevolence and Conscientiousness. If you think you are going to die and don't, your Vi- tativeness and Cautiousness have command of you. If you believe that "every man has his price'' your own Conscientiousness is very weak. If you imagine that someone has slighted you, your Approbativeness is much too strong for its antidote, Self-esteem. If you won't sleep in room thirteen at a hotel, your faculty of Spirituality is too strong for your Comparison and Causality. If you cannot keep your mouth shut, your Firmness, Self-esteem and Secretiveness are too weak. If these three faculties were predominant in you, your mouth would shut up like a clam. If you forget dates your faculties of Time and Num- ber are weak. If you are impatient your faculties of Self-esteem, Firmness, Conscientiousness, Causality, Spirituality, Hope and Veneration are not strong enough. These, when dominant in one, give him the patience of Job. If you are not attractive, your faculties of Friendship, Amativeness, Ideality, Benevolence and Order are not as strong as they should be. Cultivate them. IRRITABILITY. Irritability starts in the faculty or element of Ap- probativeness. This is the sensitive faculty. It has a great deal to do with making a sensitive, nervous system. Now if Destructiveness and Combativeness are also large one will possess the chief elements of irritability. This is just as true as one and two make three. Let these three faculties positively predom- inate over all the others and anyone will be positively irritable. Simply ascertain if these faculties predom- inate in one and you will find an irritable man, woman or child with absolute certaintv. ;'> Vaught's Practical Character Reader. £ -%%i||[I# This illustration represents the manifold productions of a single faculty-Mirthfulness. It chiefly makes the clown, the comedian, the wit and the humorist LOVE OF MISCHIEF.. M,rM^,in nnWr u-i f Spri . ngS directl y fro ™ the element of ! l Y S s V H ' U " ¥ V ° rv stron 2- Veneration retiveness, Destructiveness and Human ° ne f wi11 fun over in fun-loving mischief nk on others in school and out o! Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 77 The above illustration shows the location of two mind elements that a child, even, can see. ft is almost incon- ceivable that anyone cannot see the formation of head that these two faculties, when dominant, produce. They stand out in bold relief upon millions of men, women and children. Two such dangerous faculties should be as quickly seen as the nose and ears. They are De- structiveness and Amativeness. ;8 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. FLIRTATION. Why does one want to flirt ? Because of Amativeness and Approbativeness, and these only. If these two faculties are very strong in One, he or she will have a strong tendency to flirt. If they predominate, one will be an out and out flirt. Both faculties are very easily understood, and may be easily measured in others. Look directly for these two faculties for flirtation. r/f£C£NT£R OF JEALOUSY OF MVNDEIT T/fECENr&f or iMMnc of character. In this one the climate is exceedingly hot. The conse- quence is that the most violent storms are generated and sweep over the rest of the mental territory with terrific Hot (ires of passion spring up and set the whole body aflame. Wars, murders, arsons, delirium tremens Vaught's Practical Character Reader, hi and mad houses are the fertile productions of this zone. Verily it is not far from H . It may be this is the veritable place. It ought to be investigated at least. Volcanic eruptions take place here which show sub- terranean fires. The result is terrible. Millions are de- stroyed. Millions more are maimed for life. And yet the human family is hardly aware of the location of this terrible zone. Would it not be wiser and safer to teach our children more mental geography and less African and Asiatic ? WHY SOME BOYS CANNOT RAISE A MUSTACHE. Suppose a boy resembles his mother and she resembles her mother, she will be very feminine. He will probably have the upper face of his mother and particularly the upper lip. If he has a very feminine upper lip he will never produce a heavy mustache however much he may shave it and use hair developers. The masculine nature is not there and therefore he cannot produce that which must come from masculine faculties. It is a question of faculty. No woman will have beard unless she has some masculine faculties. Some of these are Causality, Self-Esteem, Amative- ness, Destructiveness, Firmness, and Combativeness. Any young man who has a strong degree of these six faculties will have little trouble in producing a mustache ; in fact it will produce itself, or in other words it will have back of it those qualities that build a large upper lip and then adorn it with hair. LOOK ARIGHT. Look for sociality and affection in the back head. Look for pride, will and ambition in the crown of the head. Look for force, cunning and avarice in the side head. Look for taste and constructiveness in the upper side temples. Look for reliability, sympathy and spirituality in the whole top head. Look for observation and practical talent in the lower forehead. Look for thought, reason and originality in the upper forehead. na Vaught's Practical Cjiaracter^eader. -J^-^S-g^ S These three divisions of the head represent three di- visions of the mind corresponding in nature to the names here. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 113 The three-fold nature of human nature is illustrated in the above. LOVE OF THE OCCULT. There is a faculty called Spirituality that gives one a love of the mysterious, supernatural and occult. When highly developed and Ideality and Sublimity are also positive, one will have a great attraction toward hypno- tism, theosophy, spiritualism, astrology, metaphysics and all kinds of occult thought and manifestations. With these three faculties very weak the opposite will be true. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Cautiousness and the other faculties that unite with it to produce fear. Fear of Death — Vitativeness and Cautiousness. Fear of God — Veneration and Cautiousness. Fear of Ridicule — Approbativeness and Cautiousness. Pecuniary Fear — Acquisitiveness and Cautiousness. Parental Fear — Parental Love and Cautiousness. Superstitious Fear — Spirituality and Cautiousness. Spontaneous Fear — Cautiousness. INFIDELITY. The positive cause of Infidelity is Amativeness. When this faculty is strong and the faculties of Conscientious- ness, Benevolence, Friendship and Self-esteem not so strong, infidelity to wife or husband may come about. There can be no certainty in human character without at least a strong faculty of Conscientiousness. For the good of nil concerned we affirm that when the elements oi Self-esteem and Conscientiousness are weak in anv man or woman there will be much likelihood of infidelity. Ob. nan and women, learn to read character element lementl Vaught's Practical Character Reader*, ii THE CORN FACULTY Or the Exact Source of Corns. Few would believe at first thought that there is a direct relation between a human faculty and corns, but such is a fact. Corns and bunions are nearly all produced by one faculty. It is not exactly a corn faculty. We hardly think corns are of sufficient importance to be honored by Creation with a faculty by which we directly perceive them as the faculty of Color perceives colors. One little corn, if it is properly situated, will come into perfect con- n6 Vaught's Practical Gharacter Reader, tact with the whole mind, which is made up of forty-two faculties. No one who has had much experience with corns will doubt the power of a corn to take charge of the larger part of the sensory nervous system and make a sweeping report up to head-quarters. Corns do not "just grow." Every product has a proper ' producer. Corns are produced, not always purposely, but still they are produced. It looks a little strange that one should be endowed with a faculty that will produce corns. We might go further and say that we can tell by an examina- nation of the head, without seeing the walk or taking the trouble to find out whether the shoes are three sizes too small or not, whether one is fertile in the production of corns. This corn faculty, as we said at the commencement, is not a new faculty. It is as old as the race. It not only produces corns, but many other extraneous, abnormal physical formations. What else could put rings in the lips, deform the skull and produce the pretty little feet of the Chinese? It is a contracting faculty. In fact, it is a greater contractor than all the other faculties com- bined. It does not take on contracts, yet it does a large contracting business. It runs many large manufac- tories. It employs hundreds of thousands. It has an af- finity for rich stones, pearls, diamonds, and tombstones. It not only likes the latter while living, but by virtue of its great contracting power often gives those who have no1 quite such a strong degree of it an untimely chance to place one at the head of the body of one who had it too lai^e. I> nt a faculty that is strong enough to build a corset manufactory can do most anything. It can even tell a "fish story.' ' It is a very lively faculty while it lasts, and its name is not wisdom — but plain Approbativeness. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 117 A poor money saver. ALTRUISM. A genuine altruist has Benevolence, Conscientiousness and Friendship predominant. SOCIALISM. The socialistic nature is made up of Friendship, Con- scientiousness, Benevolence and Ideality, with deficient Self-esteem, Acquisitiveness and Approbativeness. No one will be a socialist who has the three last named facul- ties in the lead. 8 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. The above illustration shows that two Roman noses aro surely too many in one family, especially in hus- band and wife. AFFECTATION. Tli is unfortunate weakness of human nature comes di- rectly from a single faculty or mental element, to wit: Approbativeness. It is a false desire to please and be able. Conscientiousness and Self-esteem are al- ways weak in such people. No one can be affected with these two faculties predominant. Remember that affectation is always wholly insincere. One can be very bland, affable, deferential, respectful, kind, agreeable and entertaining without an iota of tation. Just find one with Benevolence, Veneration, Iship, Suavity, and Conscientiousness strong and [uickly prove it. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 119 Amativeness, Vitativeness and Alimentiveness with their Heart, Lung and Stomach Centers in the Face. INTENSITY. The mental elements that make people intense in their natures are Approbativeness, Destructiveness, Combat - iveness, Cautiousness, Firmness and Conscientiousness. These faculties key them up to a high pitch. Approba- tiveness makes one ambitiously intense, Destructiveness forcefully intense, Cautiousness watchfully intense, Com- bativeness aggressively intense, Conscientiousness duti- fully intense and Firmness wilfully intense. Such peo- ple lead "strenuous" lives. 120 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. The center of human will is defective here. This illus- tration shows where Firmness ought to be. CONSERVATISM. The mental elements that make conservatism are Cautiousness, Approbativeness, Veneration,- Acquisi- s and Secretiveness. Find these ant in the mind and head of anyone and you tual, living, certain conservative. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 121 REV. LYMAN ABBOTT. A great predominance of the intellectual and moral faculties. 122 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Arthur Flanagan, a child genius. GENIUS. Genius is nothing more or less than the inheritance of an unusual degree of one or more faculties. It is a very simple fact. AMBITION. Ambition is not energy. It is not industry. Cor- rectly speaking it is a desire to be, possess or accomplish some thing. The chief element of it is Approbativeness. This faculty gives all the desire. When Self-esteem, Com- bativeness, Destructiveness and Firmness are added, one will be very energetic in carrying out this desire which becomes actual ambition. The distinct kind of ambi- tion will be decided by the other predominant faculty. Por instance, if to these five elements is added a predomi- nant element of Acquisitiveness the ambition will be commercial in kind. I UNGEROUSLY INCOMPETENT. We pronounce every teacher, parent, minister and re- former who is not thoroughly acquainted with the 42 fundamental faculties of which human beings are com- I as dangerously incompetent. just as true as it would be for the same parties irgery without a definite knowledge of the ■ he body. Vaught's Practical C haracter Reader. 123 INTELLECTUAL IDIOCY HUMAN IDIOCY. One may be idiotic in one thing and at the same time may be a genius along another line. To understand the various kinds of human idiocy one must positively under- stand the genetic faculties that constitute the human mind. We give below a fundamental analysis of several dis- tinct kinds of idiocy. For instance, Social Idiocy is spe- cifically and fundamentally a very weak degree of the faculties of Friendship, Conjugality, Parental Love, Amativeness. This is absolute truth. Vital Idiocy is simply and specifically a weak degree of the fundamental faculties of Alimenti veness , Amativeness, Vitativeness. Moral Idiocy is a weak degree of the fundamental fac- ulties of Conscientiousness , Benevolence, Veneration. 124 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Will Idiocy is a weak degree of the fundamental facul- ties of Firmness, Combativeness, Destructiveness. Artistic Idiocy is a weak degree of the fundamental fac- ulties of Ideality, Sublimity, Form, Color. Mechanical Idiocy is a weak degree of the fundamental faculties of Constructiveness , Size, Form. Mathematical Idiocv is a weak degree of Number, Causality. When one has learned the true nature of a single fun- damental faculty, he has made the first definite step in the understanding of idiocy — or any other condition or power of the human mind. WHAT MAKES PEOPLE SLOW? That which makes people slow is a sum of faculties. These are the slow-goers: Cautiousness, Conscientious- ness, Causality, "Approbativeness, Veneration, Ideality and Order. When anyone has these very much in the lead of all others he will be very cautious, conscientious, thorough, conservative, reverential, painstaking and systematic. Cautiousness puts on the safety brakes, Conscientiousness wants to be sure it is right, Causality wishes to know the reasons for the proposed move, Ap- probativeness waits for somebody to set the style, Ven- eration clings to the good old customs, Ideality wishes to put on some more finishing touches and Order says stematic about it please. Suppose these faculties ■ ill weak in the mental make-up of one; he would be inconsiderate, thoughtless, indifferent, irrev- ide, disorderly, and go it pell-mell, hit-or-miss, w,t,|: nblance o\ prudent consideration. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 125 EYES AND HEAD. Eyes and heads go together. Probably very few have thought of this. Eyes are not merely organs of vision. More nearly than any other facial features they may ex- press character: in other words, their possibility in the expression of character is more varied and complete. It might' be said correctly that they express all phases of character in a transient way. They cannot express all the faculties in a permanent way very well. What we mean is that the position of the muscles around the eyes will not represent strikingly each individual faculty. But this much is certain, every sentiment is expressed through the eyes. This is not done with the eyeballs but with the lids that cover the eyeballs. It is almost wholly the contraction and relaxation of the lids that gives expres- sion to the eyes. 26 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. A secretive eye, for instance, is secretive because the lids are put into a secretive position. This par- ticular position is not an open one . Secretiveness does not open the eyes. It cannot act upon the eyes in this way. On the contrary, it gently and yet somewhat tightly closes them. It shuts up the eyes to a great de- gree. It draws down the curtains over the eyeballs. When one wishes to shut off the public from gazing in al 1ms windows he pulls down the curtains; when one wants to shut off strangers from gazing into his soul he shuts down his soul windows and pulls down the curtains until see out only through little slits between the lids. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 127 The relation between the eyes and the head, then, is a relation of cause and effect, and is as close as cause and effect ; it would be more nearly correct to say that the re- lation is between faculties and the eyes. Faculties are always mental and simply express themselves first through the head ; yet in every normal instance the eyes will correspond with the formation of the head. For in- stance, if one has more brain in his back-head than any- where else, he will have loving, affectionate eyes; he will have eyes that speak love, and glow with friendship. He will have the eyes of the husband, the wife, the friend, the brother, the sister, the mother, the father, and some- times all of these mixed. The eyes, therefore, not only express transient activ- ities of the mind, but if certain faculties of the mind posi- tively predominate in the mental constitution there will be a permanent formation of the eyes. Affectionate eyes are rather thick-lidded, somewhat open, soft, slightly in- clined to droop, nicely curved, prominent, larger than small, without any strong angular or straight lines. Love never makes a straight line. It is not hard enough to make a straight line. In contrast with these, if heads are very broad from ear to ear or in the middle lobes, and the back-head is only fairly developed, there will be cunning, cautious, hard, revengeful, grasping, coarse eyes. These are made by the faculties in the side-head. In other words, they are made by Combativeness, Destructiveness, Vitative- ness, Secretiveness, Cautiousness, Acquisitiveness and Alimentiveness. If these faculties positively predomi- nate in one's mental make-up, the eyes will be a striking contrast to the eyes just mentioned. When one sees eyes that are closely shut, the upper lid coming hard down upon the ball, and they look sideways and out of the corners frequently, he may put it down that such eyes represent selfish, dangerous and unreliable people. 2 8 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. The dark area covers all of the head territory of selfish- ness that can be seen from a side view. Do not look any- where else for it upon the head. HUMAN NATURE OF TRUSTS. The fundamental elements of human nature that give a love of trusts arc Acquisitiveness, Approbativeness, Self-esteem, Firmness, Combativeness and Destructive- It is specifically a love of financial power and these selfish elements, with Acquisitiveness in the lead, titute just this kind of human nature. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 129 As is the head so is the body. The outline of one head here is almost wholly mental and the body is very frail and delicate correspondingly. The outline of the other is positively vital, and you can see the difference in phys- ical development. MODESTY. Genuine modesty is the product of Ideality, Conscien- tiousness, Veneration and Approbativeness with weak faculties of Self-esteem, Amativeness and Alimentive- ness. AGREEABLENESS. The agreeable elements of human nature are Friend- ship, Benevolence, Veneration, Suavity, Approbative- ness and Conscientiousness. Each of these in its own way tries to be agreeable, and when all are strong one is friendly, gentle, respectful, affable, catering and accom- modating. 130 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. BEAUTY. To be beautiful in face and body is to be endowed with a predominating degree of Ideality, Parental Love, Ama- tiveness, Conjugality, Alimentiveness, Human Nature, Suavity, Benevolence, Conscientiousness, Hope, Spirit- uality, Comparison, Mirthfulness, and Causality. These faculties give health, magnetism, a fine physical figure, shapely hands, a well formed neck, red and nicely curved lips, a fine nose and beautiful, sincere, lustrous, intelli- gent eyes. If Alimentiveness is too large, one will be too fat; if Destructiveness, Combativeness and Firmness are pre- dominant, too angular and bony; if Approbativeness, is in the lead, too vain and affected; if Hope and Mirth- fulness are too weak, one will be "long-faced," and if Amativeness is too weak one will have a poor physical form. If one would be beautiful let her keep in good health Amativeness and Alimentiveness and cultivate Ideality, Mirthfulness, Hope, Conscientiousness, Causality, Com- parison, Friendship, Benevolence, Parental Love, Con- jugality and Spirituality. FORCEFUL RESISTANCE. Forceful resistance in children, women and men comes directly from Combativeness, Destructiveness and Firmness. Any man woman, or child who has a strong degree of these three faculties will be very force- ful in resistance in either a mental or physical way. If to these three faculties are added strong faculties of Appro- val lvcness and Self-esteem, there will be a whirlwind oi forceful, determined resistance. INTUITION. The faculty called Human Nature is the center of in- tuition. The talent for character reading and diagnos- ing diseases comes principally from this faculty The nature, disposition or character of anything or' anyone n instinctively by this element of mind. Strictly ing, it is the only intuitional faculty. Other facul- Spirituality and Benevolence aid it, by giving; era! psychical and tender nature, but these have .tuition in and of themselves Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 131 Here is cautiousness extremely developed from a back view. Such people hesitate and manifest timidity and even cowardice. PROCRASTINATION. A procrastinator is strongly endowed with Cautious- ness and negatively endowed with Combativeness, Self- esteem, Destructiveness, Firmness, Approbativeness and Conscientiousness. General McClellan of the Civil war was constituted somewhat this way. Anyone strongly equipped with the six last-named faculties will be ready in decision, quick in action and take right hold of what he is to do and do it up with dispatch. He likes to do a thing then and there. He has the courage and force to carry out his judgment and sense of duty. 1^2 Vaught's Practical Character Reaber. WILL. Will makes straight lines and angles. If these pre- dominate in the face and head, Will will predominate in the mind. TASTE. Taste runs to curves. The more curved lines in the face and head the more artisitc taste in the mind. FEELING. Feelings tend toward roundness. When roundness predominates in head and face feeling predominates in the mind. SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INSANITY. The mind elements that give one susceptibility to in- sanity are Spirituality, Cautiousness, Veneration, Ap- probativeness, Conscientiousness, Parental Love, Friend- ship, Conjugality, Ideality and ConstrUctiveness. These give keen susceptibility to hallucinations, delusions, fears, remorses, criticisms, failures, blues, griefs, disap- pointments and false imaginations. Spirituality is the center of susceptibility to delusions, hallucinations and in connection with Veneration, of re- ligious insanity. Cautiousness is the center of fears of danger and m union with Approbativeness of despondency and mel- ancholia. Constructiveness is the center of invention and when " »ng in one he is liable to have "wheels in his head'! Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 133 Spirituality, Veneration, Cautiousness and Approba- tiveness have caused the largest number of insane cases. There is a mild form of insanity very prevalent in this country now, caused by the faculties of Ideality and Spirituality. The inherent preventitives of Insanity are the facul- ties of Human Nature, Causality, Self-esteem, Combat- iveness, Firmness, Hope and Mirthfulness. If these are weak, one is liable to go to that excess that some mental derangement will occur. VITAL TEMPERAMENT MENTAL TEMP EAR EAR AMBITIOUS EAR MOTIVE TEMP. EAR EAR OF THE UNCULTIVATED SELFISH AND TENACIOUS OF LIFE 134 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Jealousy projects a muscle under the red part of the lower lip, as indicated in the illustration. Notice the jealous, furtive glance of the eye also. GOSSIPING. A love of gossip comes directly from Approbative- ness, Secret iveness and Destructiveness. Look di- rectly for these three faculties and if they are found in a predominating degree in anyone you may rest assured he or she will gossip. Approbativeness is the captain and its two aids are Secretiveness and Destructive- ness. Why? Because Approbativeness likes to excel in something and the other two gladly help it in this kind of distinction. HOMESICKNESS. ^ Tlic mental elements that cause "homesickness" are Friendship, Conjugality, Parental Love and Inhabi- tiveni -. It is regard for the inmates of the house thaf chiefly produces what is termed homesickness. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 135 Alimentivenessor ap- Two heads and two outlines petite and its connection of face. As is the head, so with the lips. is the face. HUNTING. The love of hunting comes from. Destructiveness, Com- bativeness, Secretiveness, Alimentiveness with Appro- bativeness. The skill from Human Nature, Secretive- ness, Individuality, Locality, Size, Weight and Ama- tiveness. Human Nature learns the habits of game. Secretiveness gives the foxy desire to catch. Individ- uality the ability to spot single objects. Size, to meas- ure distance in shooting. Weight, the intuitive percep- tion of where to shoot. Locality the love and ability to travel, and Amativeness the power to co-ordinate or use the muscles all together. UNSTEADINESS. The matter with people who are unsteady is a de- ficiency of the faculties of Firmness, Self-esteem, Con- tinuity and Conscientiousness. These round out the crown of the head. If the crown of anyone's head is flat or deficient in development it may be put down as a certainty that the party will be fickle, restless, unstable, and generally unreliable in fulfilling, prom- ises and sticking to undertakings. These are the ele- ments of mind that give steadiness and stability and this part of the head you must look to for such a char- acter. 136 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. POINTERS. The broader the head the more selfishness. The higher the crown the more pride. The fuller the backhead the more affection. The fuller the upper side temples the more taste. The fuller the lower forehead the more practicality. The fuller the upper forehead and the less the lower the more theory. The rounder the head the more feeling. The more square the head the more thought and exactness. ■ The less basilar development the less animal. The narrower the head the less force. The less backhead the colder the disposition. The more closed the eyes the more secrecy. The higher the eyebrows from the pupils of the eyes the more credulity. The more middle face the more energy. The more lower face the more sensuality. The finer the hair the finer the brain. The tougher the hair the tougher the brain. The thicker the scalp and skull 1 the less brain. The fuller the whole tophead the more reliability. The thinner the lips the less affection. The more the teeth are shown the more love of ap- plause. The more features that turn upward the more cheer- fulness. The more affectation in the voice the less substantial character. The more boastfulness the less courage. TEASING. The desire to tease comes from Destructiveness, Mirth- fulness, Combativeness and Approbativeness. De- structiveness is rough and likes to get others into trouble. Mirthfulness enjoys all the fun there is in it. Combat- iveness gives the love of conflict and Approbativeness • s ov.r the success. These are the teasers, sure. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 137 D. L. Moody represents in his head formation a great deal of human energy. THE TWO POSITIVELY ENERGETIC DIVISIONS OF THE MIND. The two positively energetic divisions of the mind are found in the sidehead and crown. Anyone with both of these divisions highly developed will be positively en- ergetic. Then look for a broad head and high crown for positive energy. AN OUTLINE OF A FUNDAMENTAL SYSTEM OF CHARACTER READING. First. Inherited faculties* Second. Native difference in the size of these fac- ulties. Third. The localization of these faculties. Fourth. Their brain organs. Fifth. The size of these brain organs. Sixth. The shape of the head that the unequal size of these organs causes. Seventh. The size of the head that is the result of the size of the forty-two faculties. Eighth. The quality of the whole body that is grown by these faculties. If certain faculties predom- 138 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. inate, the body must necessarily be of a certain quality. Ninth. The temperament that is the result of a predominance of certain faculties. Tenth. The individual anatomy that is the neces- sary result of a predominating temperament. Eleventh. The physiognomy that is a necessary consequence of faculties expressing themselves by means of the facial anatomy and physiology. Twelfth. The general physiology of the body that is the necessary concomitant of the forty-two faculties. PATIENCE. What is the stuff out of which patience is made? The warp and woof of patience is Conscientiousness, Cautiousness, Ideality, Order, Causality, Benevolence, Veneration, Spirituality, Firmness, Continuity, Con- jugality, Parental Love, Hope and Friendship. The four chief elements of patience are Conscientiousness, Ideality, Continuity and Firmness. Anyone with these four faculties very strong will be patient. Conscientiousness likes conscientious labor; Ideality likes to finish off; Continuity likes to continue along the line started upon, and Firmness likes to persevere. When Approbativeness, Self-esteem, Destructiveness, Combativeness, Alimentiveness and Acquisitiveness are dominant in adults or children, impatience will be man- ifested frequently. WHO ARE SUSPICIOUS? The suspicious have Secretiveness, Approbativeness, Acquisitiveness, Amativeness and Cautiousness highly developed. These selfish elements predominant would make an angel suspicious. Such people are naturally cunning, deceitful, selfish, jealous and fearful, and spontaneously produce ideas that nearly everybody else are. They take their own minds as standards and instinctively believe that "All are rogues till proven innocent." There is no other way to be suspicious. You can always find some of these faculties strong in suspicious people and Conscientiousness, Benevo- and Spirituality weak. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 139 \ FRANCIS REA McMILLEN A Musical Genius. H Vaught's Practical Character Reader. HENRY GEORGE. Fine forehead with a great development of the frontal part of the tophead showing a very positive degree of Benevolence. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 141 +-mAMAr/V£N£SS A TRINITY OF TRAITORS. Human Treachery is a fact. Fortunately, it is not a very common fact ; yet it has occurred. Probably all of our readers have had a little taste of it. Three of the forty-two elements of which human nature is composed may be called treacherous. Either of these three will go back on acquaintance, friend or kindred. When they are fully understood, one understands the very founda- tion of treachery. They are Amativeness, Acquisitive- ness and Approbativeness. . Either one may be treach- erous when in the lead. Amativeness has proved treach- erous thousands of times in love. Those who have this faculty positively predominant are very treacherous, so far as .constancy and reliability are concerned in associa- tion, love and marriage. The flirt, the sensualist, the bigamist and the seducer are living examples. In itself 142 Vattg ht's Practical Character Reader. this faculty has no regard for the welfare of the one in which it is interested for the moment. Only when it unites with some of the higher faculties can it be helpful. Therefore all who depend upon this kind of love or this faculty in association, companionship, courtship, pro- spective marriage and marriage itself will be positively disappointed. It is not reliable unless sustained by higher faculties like Conjugality, Friendship and Con- scientiousness. Again, Acquisitiveness is treacherous. How little it takes sometimes, of money, to prove unreliable. How many will sell their souls for a "mess of pottage.' ' Some can even be bought for a dollar. Acquisitiveness itself is positively selfish. It looks out for No. i wholly. If money is the root of all evil, this faculty is the root of all evil. It is the only faculty that loves money. When sufficiently strong it will go back on friends, kindred and country. It will prove traitor to every obligation and all kinds of domestic and civic responsibility. Again, Approbativeness is treacherous. It is the cen- ter of ambition. To attain fame and excel somebody for the sake of. the plaudits of the world, this faculty makes thousands treacherous. Some politicians are treacherous. This is the center of selfish politics. If this faculty positively dominates there is no certainty of honesty and reliability. It makes many untruthful. It causes them to use all kinds of deceit. It is altogether the most deceitful faculty of the forty-two. It is the most pretentious. It is the center of affectation, false modesty, false pretenses and false everything. These three faculties can be spotted. The traitors of l)u man nature can be distinctly known and distinctly lo- cated. The other thirty-nine together have probably never done i-iooth as much treacherous work as these three have. Nearly all human treachery can be traced to one or more of these three faculties. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 143 INSTINCTIVE! LOVE OF LIFE) FIRST LAW OF) NATURE IS I SELF PRESERV- [ AT I ON" j THE CAT, CATFISH, TEXAS PONY AND HARD SHELLED TURTLE RESISTANCE TO DEATH Use your own eyes and notice how enormously devel- oped people are right behind the ears who are very tenacious of life. One can see such development at a glance, ten to twenty feet away. VITALITY. Vitality is specifically inherent in Alimentiveness. Secondarily in Amativeness. To these add the ele- ment of Vitativeness and you have innate love of life, as well as vitality. Together they give all there is of vitalitv and constitute what is called constitution. 144 Vaugiit's Practical Character Reader. HOW TO READ THE NOSE. The nose may be divided into three, distinct parts as indicated in the above figure. The bony part represents the Motive Tempera- ment. The tip represents the Men- tal Temperament. The wings rep- resent the Vital Temperament. How true this is may be clearly 'seen in very marked cases of each temperament. Take a distinct Vi- tal Temperament and study the nose that goes with it and then do the same with the Motive and Men- tal temperaments. Generals Sheridan, Sherman, Logan, Miles, Napoleon, Moltke, Napier had or have Motive noses. So has Admiral Dewey. So had Lincoln and Grant. Washington and Beecher had the three more nearly equal. Lord Salisbury, Robert Ingersoll, Senator Mason and Dwight L. Moody show plenty of the vital part of the nose. Herbert Spencer, Eugene Field and Robert Louis Stevenson show a distinct predominance of the Mental part. It is a question of the predominance of faculties. A distinct Vital Temperament cannot produce a Mental form of nose. Noses mean something. They have direct causes. These are the faculties. They may be much mixed, but in such cases the faculties and temperaments will be cor- respondingly mixed. As is the head so is the temperament and as is the tem- perament so is the nose. PEOPLE WHOM ANIMALS LOVE. Some people attract animals. Why? Because they have strong Friendship, Parental Love and Amative- Any man, woman or child with these three facul- strongwill attract animals. No one with an backhead will attract and pet animals, Vauc.ht's Practical Charac ter Reader. 145 FANATICISM You can prove the truthfulness of the above by using your own eyes and minds. FANATICISM. A fanatic is one with Veneration, Spirituality, Con- scientiousness and Approbativeness positively strong and especially Veneration. There is no other way under the sun for one to be a fanatic. HANDIWORK. To do handiwork successfully is to possess a good degree of the following elements: Individuality, Size, Form, Weight, Locality, Color, Order, Number and Constructiveness. These are the faculties that the eyes and hands require to see objects quickly and ac- curately and to measure, weigh, touch, color, arrange, number and place them. 146 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. A SIGN OF IGNORANCE. All who facetiously or otherwise use the word "bump' ' when speaking of the forty-two or more primary facul- ties that constitute human nature and use localized brain centers, expose their own ignorance. There is a world of difference between formation and "bump.' ' ABSENT-MINDEDNESS. With weak faculties of Secretiveness, Cautiousness, Approbativeness, Human Nature and Individuality and strong faculties of Causality, Ideality, Sublimity, Spirituality and Conscientiousness one will be amus- ingly and humiliatingly absent-minded. SUPERSTITION. Superstition has a perfectly definite source — the faculty of Spirituality. No one can be at all supersti- tious without this faculty. It is the only faculty that .gives anyone any sense of and confidence in the mystic. To be superstitious, then, is to have a positive develop- ment of this faculty. The particular kind of supersti- tion will be decided by the other strongest faculty in one's mental make-up. If Cautiousness and Vitativeness unite with Spiritual- ity one will expect death; if Parental love and Cautious- ness are strong, he will expect the death of a child. Al- ways remember that Spirituality is that element of mind that gives one confidence in number thirteen, Friday, a new moon or a jackrabbit's foot as a good or bad sign, omen or mascot. A superstitious fear of the Devil is caused by Spiritual- ity, Cautiousness, Conscientiousness, Veneration, De- structiveness and Secretiveness. A superstitious fear of 5 the product of Spirituality, Veneration, Cautious- Vitativeness and Conscientiousness. When Hu- 'v and Causality are predominant and Spirit- uality and Veneration negative one will be inclined to pooh-pooh all so-called signs and omens Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 147 We want all our readers to fix this head and face in their minds. It is a positive standard of constitutional laziness. LAZINESS. Genuine laziness is the result of deficient Destruc- tiveness, Combativeness, Approbativeness, Acquisitive- 148 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. ness, Self-esteem, Firmness and Conscientiousness. No one really likes hard work of any kind who is weak in the faculties of Destructiveness and Combativeness. These two faculties are the fundamental causes of posi- tive energy of some kind. Just what they will like to do is determined by some other strong faculty. If Acquisitiveness is strong they will work for money or property. If Approbativeness is strong, for fame and victory. FEAR OF RIDICULE. FAILURE CRITICISM AND PUBLIC OPINION FEAR OF INJURY. DISEASE AND DEATH TO SELF. KINDRED AND FRIENDS . Here is a whole volume of truth in a few words. Anyone can overwhelmingly demonstrate the truth- fulness of this by careful observation and examination. FEAR. There are two elements of fear in the human mind— fear of danger and fear of criticism. These come from cautiousness and Approbativeness respectively. This s ^bsolute truth. No other part of the mind can feel an) feai whatever. Go directly then to these two Vaught's Practical Character Reader 149 faculties for fear. What one will fear about most is determined by the other larger faculties. BORROWING TROUBLE. There are only two trouble borrowing elements in human v nature. All who borrow trouble must do so by means of one or both of these. All apprehension, expectation and anticipation of a troublesome kind is produced by the elemental faculties of Cautiousness and Approbativeness. To understand why one borrows trouble is to understand the nature of these two mental elements. To tell in advance whether one will borrow trouble is to decide how large these two faculties are in one's make-up. They can be depended upon to borrow trouble just as certainly as they are large enough and especially when they predominate over all others. Then they will borrow worlds of trouble. Other fac- ulites may trouble one but they never borrow trouble. HESITATION. A hesitator is strongly endowed with Cautiousness, Approbativeness and Conscientiousness. These give one respectively, fear of danger, fear of ridicule and fear of doing wrong, and therefore hesitation. BASHFULNESS. Bashfulness almost wholly comes from the faculty of Approbativeness. If to this faculty is added large faculties of Cautiousness, Veneration, Ideality and Conscientiousness, there will be a complete bashful tendency. Then if Self-esteem and Combativeness are weak one will be positively bashful. COWARDICE. Cowardice emanates from the faculty of Cautiousness chiefly. This faculty with Vitativeness causes physical cowardice. Moral cowardice chiefly comes from Ap- probativeness. This faculty or element of human na- ture makes one afraid of public opinion. The genuine, all around coward, therefore, is weak in Conscientious- ness, Self-esteem, Combativeness, Friendship, Conju- gality, Parental Love, and Benevolence, and strong in Cautiousness, Approbativeness and Vitativeness. ! 5 o Va ught's Practical Character Reader. The above illustration is full of meaning. Many have frightful dreams. They spring from a very active con- dition of Cautiousness. One gets into all kinds of dan- gers while asleep when this faculty is very large. REASON. To reason is to have Causality and Comparison. No other faculties can think in any way or degree. This is a very important fact. MARVELOUS. The most marvelous fact in all history and in human life today is the extreme ignorance of the majority of the world's teachers concerning the constitution of 'human Statesmen, jurists and presidents of universi- mrvelously ignorant of the elements that consti- titution. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 151 A STRIKING ILLUSTRATION OF THE MARVEL- OUS ABSURDITY OF HAVING A VITAL FACE AND BODY ON A MENTAL HEAD. Heads do not grow on bodies. The absolutely opposite is true. The head is headquarters for all else below. Faculties have their headquarters in the brain. They build the brain for their uses. That is what is is for. By means of the brain they build the body and run it. Study the illustration. Observe the non-correspondence between head and face. Did you ever see that kind of a face on that kind of a head ? In a mental head the base of the brain is relatively small. When this is so it is an impossibility to possess a large vital and muscular body, because the vital faculties have their centers in the base of the brain and this must be largely developed before there can be a large vital face and body. As is the mind so is the brain and as is the brain so is the face. 52 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. WHERE THE PRESIDENTIAL BEE BUZZES. The buzzing of the presidential bee is nowhere else than in the faculty of Approbativeness. No further ex- planation is needed. COURAGE. There arc two kinds of courage. Hence there are enters of courage. Combativeness is the center of physical courage, Self-esteem of mental courage. two together constitute the inherent nature of courage. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 153 JECEITFUL NOSE Remember this nose when you deal with people. GAMBLING. The very center of the disposition to gamble is com- bativeness. The second element is Spirituality. The third Secretiveness. The fourth Acquisitiveness. HOW TO READ CHARACTER FROM GESTURES. All downward gestures mean a strong faculty of De- structiveness. All flowing cr curved gestures mean strong faculties of Time, Weight and Ideality. All pointed gestures mean strong Perceptive faculties with Combativeness, Destructiveness, Conscientiousness and Self-esteem back of them. All expansive gestures mean strong faculties of Sub- limity, Ideality, Spirituality and Hope. All descriptive gestures of objects mean strong Per- ceptive faculties. All gestures mean force, feeling, imagination and per- ceptive intellect stronger than Causality, Firmness and Self-esteem. These three last named faculties give a cool, dignified, self-controlled, logical cast of mind that enables one to reason in a very calm, judicial way with- out giving way to force, feeling and gesture. 154 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. MIXED HEADS AND FACES. A human being is composed of masculine and feminine faculties. Not equally, however. One may inherit the feminine faculties decidedly in the lead of the masculine. Vnother may inherit the forty-two faculties in a reversed condition. Sometimes a whole group of feminine facul- herited. When this is the case then a corre- spond »le degree of that part of the brain that Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 155 these faculties use is built up in feminine form and also the face. This is mixed inheritance. It results in mixed heads, faces and bodies. Study the two illustrations. The first is the opposite of the second. In it all above the line is feminine; nose, eyes, brows, forehead and tophead. Here you see the true feminine form of head and face as far as it extends. All below the line is masculine; neck, jaws, chin, mouth, backhead and back tophead. 156 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Certain faculties are fundamentally and always mascu- line. The only way to understand masculinity is to understand the faculties of masculinity. No one can have a masculine nature, head, face, body and voice, without a predominance of certain faculties that are masculine. This is just as true of feminine nature, head, face, body and voice. Masculine faculties are more pos- itive in their nature and form head, face and body in an- gular lines. Feminine faculties are more negative in their nature and form head, face and body in curved lines. S v 1 ^ 1 HUMAN ATTRACTION. Two opposite divisions of human nature are struggling for the mastery. It is a contest between the faculties oi the frontal brain and the faculties of the occipital brain— between the intellectual faculties and the social faculties between the school-room and the home, the studio and the club-room, books and balls, thought and tnent, study and society, learning and entertain- ' hard application" and a "good time." Par- e actual reality of it; so do teachers. It is for many Vaught's Practical Character Rea der. 157 The social faculties are five in number. They are all grouped together in the backhead, or, more properly, the cerebellum and the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. Ex- ternally they cover about the head territory indicated in the illustration. Their names are Amativeness, Conju- gality, Parental Love, Inhabitiveness and Friendship. These five faculties like home, association, courtship, marriage, domestic life, the fireside, parties, entertain- ments, weddings, picnics, clubs, balls and "gay times." They are directly the opposite of the intellectual. As a magnet they come in direct conflict with intellectual con- centration. They divert the mind from study. The heart of the question of co-education is right here. The chief intellectual faculties are Causality, Compar- ison, Eventuality, Number, Language, Human Nature, Constructiveness and Ideality. These give a funda- mental love of knowledge for its own sake. They love history, literature, science and philosophy. When these faculties are predominant in a child there will be an in- stinctive tendency to books. Such a child will get knowl- edge under the most unfavorable circumstances. When both the social and intellectual faculties are strong, and equally strong, then comes the "tug of war.' ' Then it is a conflict between the social magnet and the intellectual magnet. GULLIBILITY. Some people are gullible. They are gullible because they have some or all of the following faculties predomi- nant: Spirituality, Conscientiousness, Benevolence, Friendship, Conjugality, Parental Love, Ideality, 'Sub- limity, Approbativeness and the faculties of Human Na- ture and Secretiveness weak. Anyone with weak faculties of Secretiveness and Hu- man Nature is open to gullibility. Either of the first named faculties are open doors for confidence men and women. Thousands are fleeced daily, to a greater or less degree, through the faculty of Spirituality. Of all the faculties of the human mind this is the most gullible. 158 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. WHAT WE SEE GHOSTS WITH. Our Spiritual Eyes, there such a thing as spiritual vision? If there is it >( - found ,n the Unction of the faculty of Spiritu- ality. 1 his faculty lias been definitely located. The Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 159 two centers in the brain used by this faculty are located where you see the two eyes. These, therefore, may very properly be called our spiritual eyes. At any rate those who have a strong faculty of Spirituality are more sus- ceptible to all kinds of thoughts of a mystic or psychical kind. They tend instinctively to the occult of some kind — Spiritualism, Theosophy or Astrology. They be- lieve in influences, omens, impressions, spirits and ghosts. ALL THE SIGNS OF SELFISHNESS. A closely shut, thick-lidded eye, with the upper lid pressing down so that it makes nearly a horizontal line. When there is also a furtive glance sidewise and a droop at the corner, selfishness is certain. A thick nose, particularly just above its wings, with a tendency to turn down. A closely shut mouth, yet thick lips, which do not show the red part very much. A projection of the muscle under the lower lip causing it to look sullen and jealous. A large, thick chin, especially one that is thick down- ward from the corners of the month. A heavy, coarse lower jaw. A large neck. Ears in which the lower half is much the stronger. A voice that is hard and cunning. A disposition to boast, and particularly to command and domineer. To be absolutely sure, closely notice the shape of the head If it is very broad from ear to ear, full all around at the base, very high in the crown and pinched and unde- veloped in the upper back head and top head, positive selfishness is an absolute certainty. i6o Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Benevolence large with its forehead wrinkles. HUMAN GOODNESS. The tophead is the seat of the larger number of the faculties of human goodness. No one can be positively reliable without a strong development of Benevolence, Hope, Veneration, Spirituality and Conscientiousness. These fill out, or more correctly round out the tophead. It is noi enough for the head to arch beautifully when looked at from a side view. When looked at from a front or back view it may be Gonical in shape. If so, the faculties of Conscientiousness, Hope and Spirituality will be comparatively weak ; hence people with such heads will not be perfectly reliable. In the <-ent( T of the frontal half of the tophead is lo- faculty of Benevolence. The illustration shows the location and a strong degree of the faculty. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. i6j Be very careful to locate it correctly, and then judge of its development by ascertaining if the head is convex, plane or concave at this location. In a few cases it may be found so much stronger than the surrounding facul- ties that it will stand out alone very much like the half of a sphere. It affects a frontal muscle that covers the forehead until it makes little horizontal wrinkles across the forehead, as may be seen in the illustration. It may properly be called the kindly feeling. It is the opposite of Destructiveness. It is the most tender ele- ment of the human soul. It counteracts human selfish- ness. It is one of the human civilizers. It is the chief element of generosity, charity and humanitarianism. If this section of the head is low and flat there will be little kindness manifested and practically no humani- tarianism. It is the opposite of hatred, revenge and fe- rocity. Faith, hope and charity, but the greatest of these is charity The reason the lips meet in the kiss is because the af- fectionate faculties have their nervous centers in the lips. 162 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. HOW CHARACTER OUTS. Allan Pinkerton, the great detective, took for his rule "murder will out.' ' This is just as true of human char- acter. In fact it stands exposed all of the time. It is exactly like a language. He who understands a language can read it anywhere and at all times. The human bod} 7 completely exposes one all of the time. Why?' Because it wholly represents and indicates all of the human nature or mind that uses it. " He that has eyes to see let him see." Faculties have a sixfold way of expressing or exposing themselves. Phrenologically through their brain organs. Physiognomically through their facial centers. Temperamentally through brain and body. Qualitatively in organic quality. Motionally through all movements. Vocally through the voice. Take the faculty of Combativeness for illustration. This faculty expresses itself in a positive development of the head about one inch and a half back from the center of the tip of each ear. It exposes itself in a convex form of the lower half of the nose. It exposes itself in a compact, wiry quality of the body. It exposes itself in the motive temperament. ft exposes itself in a high-pitched, courageous, con- tentious voice. It exposes itself in throwing the head a little backward and to one side, in a springy walk and defensive attitude of i he body. Tn this sixfold way nearly all faculties expose them- es. So that he who runs may read, if he will but learn and feel, and Look and listen. T1 itific, systematic, character reading. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 163 A HARP OF FORTY-TWO STRINGS. A human being is a harp of forty-two totally different strings. All of the music and discord of human associa- tion is performed on these strings. They are elemental strings. They never wear out. If played upon prop- erly, they grow stronger instead of weaker. In this they are unlike the strings of all other musical instru- ments. Their power is in action. These strings can be developed. They are not in an equal degree of strength 1 64 Va ught's Practical Character Reader. at birth. If they were, all would naturally be in tune. The majority of the human family are out of tune. These strings are not in harmony; they do not in many cases work in unison. They constitute, however, the most wonderful instrument in existence. We should know them more fully even than we know the strings of any man-made instrument. We should know how to handle them properly. RETICENCE. Instinctive reticence springs from Secretiveness. When it is dominant in the mental organization of one and Cau- tiousness, Human Nature and Firmness are also very strong one will be a veritable sphinx. CURIOSITY. The mental elements that constitute the composition of curiosity are Secretiveness, Spirituality, Sublimity, Approbativeness, Amativeness, Ideality, Individuality, Causality and Constructiveness. These faculties when strong enough in one's make-up will give an intense de- sire to see or know things that are new, novel, hidden, mystical, strange and unusual. ACCOMMODATING. Why is one naturally accommodating? Because he has strong elements of Benevolence, Conscientiousness, Approbativeness and Friendship. These four mind ele- ments together give one great pleasure in accommodat- ing others. BOASTFULNESS. To boast is to have a strong faculty of Approbative- ness. No other element cares to boast. Then, 1 if Con- scientiousness is rather weak and Self-esteem and Com- bat iveness fairly strong one will be addicted to great boastfulness. NEATNESS. The innate elements of neatness are Ideality, Sublim- it < >rder. Add to these Approbativeness and Self- m to give the pride to be neat, and you have actual ness. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 16$ WHY SANTA COMES AND HOW HE GETS HERE. Even an imaginary character can be fully interpreted by means of predominant faculties. Such a jolly, cun- ning, child-loving old soul as Santa Claus could only exist in fact or fiction by possessing a great degree of the fol- lowing faculties : Benevolence. Comparison. Mirthfulness. Constructiveness. Locality. Weight. 1 66 Vaugh t's Practical Character Reader. Cautiousness. Secretiveness. Destructiveness. Friendship. Parental Love. Parental Love and Friendship wake him up from his long, long slumber. Destructiveness enables him to " get a move on himself.' ' He goes about slyly and cau- tiously at night by means of Secretiveness and Cautious- ness. He finds his way by means of Locality, and noise- lessly climbs to the tops of houses and down the chimneys by means of Weight. He is very ingenious and a great judge of mechanical toys, because of his large Constructiveness. Look at the merry, cunning twinkle in his eye. This comes from Mirthfulness in conjunction with Secretive- ness. He also has sharp classifying power. He grades his goods nicely. He recognizes the eternal fitness of things. He does the right thing at the right time. Com- parison enables him to do this. He not only loves chil- dren, but is a natural humanitarian. He is a kindly old fellow. Good nature beams from his physiognomy. He seems to be at peace with the whole world. This broad, general, helpful disposition springs from a large faculty of Benevolence. These are his predominating faculties. They are quite accurately localized by the figures i to 1 1 in the two outlines of his head. His face is also an interesting study. Notice the round convex formation of his cheeks. This indicates wonderful lung power. His circulation must be excel- lent. This enables him to stand the coldest climate. All in all, he is a merry old fellow. WILL. The two principal elements of the human will are Firmness and Combativeness. Take these two ele- ments and add any other and you will have any par- ticular kind ©f will. These and Conscientiousness make a moral will. These and Destructiveness, a forceful \pprobativeness, an ambitional will. d Acquisitiveness constitute a commercial will. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 167 LOOK ON THIS AND THEN ON THAT. WHAT TWO PICTURES TELL. Study these two pictures. They tell a graphic story. And yet' heads mean nothing — to some people. Why not be candid? Where is the wisdom of being blind — of having eyes and seeing not? What's the use of being prejudiced ? The above is the outline of a head in wdiich the think- ing, moral and esthetic faculties are dominant. In fact, all of the higher faculties are dominant. This is shown by the high forehead, the broad temples, the high frontal tophead and the expansion of the upper half of the back- head. These are the seats of all the better, cheerful, unselfish, humane, refined, esthetic, moral and spiritual faculties. When predominant they shape' the head as Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 168 shown. As is the head so will be the face. Ob- serve the face. How cheerful, refined, generous, friendly, tender, true and happy. Compare it with this. Observe that the shape of the head here is the very opposite of the other. See how the face corresponds. One is the antithesis of the other. And yet there is nothing in heads and faces; nothing in Phrenology and Physiognomy! Let us see if there is not. Which of those two would you rather meet on a lonely highway? Ah, ha! You would rather meet the first, would you? We thought so. When it comes to a prac- tesl ; a real, selfish dollars and cents, life or death situa! ion, then all drop their prejudices and accept Phren- I Physiognomy in a hurry. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 169 CHARACTER IN ACTION. To get at character definitely one must understand clearly the fundamental elements of character. For in- stance, Destructiveness is a fundamental element. The word does not indicate its true nature, however. The function of the faculty is more nearly force than anything else. It is the only faculty that likes to move without an object in view. In other words, it likes motion for its own sake. To move, walk, play, run, jump, strike, ham- mer and kick is its pleasure. It will cause a child to do all of this without any object in view. It is a reservoir of positive force. When very strong it must have action. This action is always more or less rough. Everything one touches who has this faculty very strong feels it. It is the opposite of tenderness. It charges the whole body with positive force. It takes hold of any article with a strong grip. It will almost crush your hand in the hand- shake. It likes to tie a tight knot. In a business man it likes solid, heavy goods, instead of laces, batting and feathers. In its lower combinations it will enjoy blasting rock. It is the principal faculty in " clatter" and "racket." Three or four children with it large can indeed make a fearful racket. It delights in loud noises. The one day in the year that it likes better than all others is July the 4th. It likes the whirr of the planing-mill. It likes to go at a thing "hammer and tongs." A child with this faculty large will not cry as easily as one with it small. It is one of the elements of grit. It likes nothing tame. It is the only faculty that thunders in the voice. It growls in the bull-dog. It roars in the lion. All profanity that does not come from this faculty is counterfeit. No Destruct- iveness, no malice. It adds the quality of force to every mental or phys- ical effort. It may be entirely too strong for th z restrain- ing faculties of Benevolence, Conscientiousness, Appro- bativeness, Cautiousness and the Affections to govern. When this is so then it is dangerous. 170 Vaug ht's Practical Character Reader. Acquisitiveness in head and face or the money-lover. INCREDULITY. Th< : •■■. ledulous are weak in the faculties of Spiritual cientiousness, Veneration, Ideality and Sublim- nd strong in the faculties of Human Nature, Com- parison, Causality and Secretiveness. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. '171 THE PSYCHOLOGICAL RAILWAY. This road starts out from Amativeness. What faculty better represents polygamy? That is what Salt Lake City is famous for. Didn't Brigham Young live there ? Chicago's two dominant characteristics are pig-stick- ing and money-making. She is well represented by the two elements, Destructiveness and Acquisitiveness. What better representative of Alimentiveness could we find in all the country than Milwaukee ? Do they not eat and drink and manufacture something for others to drink up there? Pittsburg is the best representative of Constructive- ness in the United States. Can you think of Pittsburg and not think of smoke and manufacturing? 172 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Is not Boston the thought center of the country ? What could it think with but Comparison and Causality ? It is true they cultivate Alimentiveness as well as Milwaukee, but then they only indulge in beans. J reason this is true is because Firmness, Self- i and Continuity are located in the region above the line m the picture. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 173 PERSISTENCE PRACTICALITY SELF-CON- FIDENCE To be practical is to be able to see, handle the hands and body, tell the commercial value and courageously execute. The form of head in the above illustra- tion has predominant the faculties that make one very practical. WHAT MAKES ONE HANDY? To be handy is to possess large Perceptive faculties and Constructiveness. i 7 4 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. The four faculties that hold people to the earth most are Vitativeness, Amativeness, Alimentiveness and Acquis- itiveness. Study this and make your own observations. ARISTOCRACY. Aristocracy is an assumed feeling, the specific product pprobativeness and Self-esteem. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 175 Here is a remarkable outline to study. The heavy outline represents a well-balanced head. The other shows very weak faculties of Benevolence, Self-esteem, Inhabitiveness and Parental Love, with enormous Ama- tiveness. Just this much difference in the formation of a head will make two lives absolutely opposite in ten- dency and character. I7 6 Vaught's Practica l Character Reader. OUT OF TUNE. Yes out of tune. That is what is the matter with him. His life is a miserable discord. He is out of tune and does not know it. The world is all right, but he does not know it. His faculties are in perpetual combat. HE NEEDS TUNING UP. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 177 HOW TO DETECT A FRIENDLY PERSON. If Friendship is large the backhead will be prominent, as indicated in the above picture. The lips, if not dis- eased, will have distinct creases across them. They are likely to be full in size and curved instead of straight. Curved lines running around the corners of the mouth indicate positive friendship. In the handshake, friend- ship will manifest itself by grasping the hand warmly and shaking it heartily. Men, women and children with this faculty strong will respond to friendly manifestations on the part of teacher, traveler, solicitor or salesman very quickly unless they have very strong Acquisitiveness, Secretiveness or Self- 178 Vaugiit's Practical Character Reader. esteem. These faculties make people suspicious and in- dependent and therefore inclined to be wary of the friendly approaches of strangers. But the manifestations of true friendliness will overcome the most .obstinate pride and the most Indian-like suspicion if manifested naturally and continuously. The Dark parts are all that can be seen of the selfish ter- ritory from a front view. Vaught's Practical Character Reader, i 79 The Location of Secretiveness with its Facial Centers. MEMORY. Memory is not a faculty. All faculties have their own memories, and their conscious memory in union with Causality, Comparison and Human Nature. Anyone with Eventuality, Time and Language predominant will be more inclined to merely memorize than to study and carefullv examine, 180 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. The Center of Inventive Genius. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 181 Combativeness in Head and Face. EFFICIENCY. To be greatly efficient is to possess all the intellectual faculties with a strong degree of Self-esteem, Combative- ness, Destructiveness and Firmness to put them into use. 182 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. The Location of Self-Esteem with its Facial Centers. THE FACULTIES THAT HOLD THE BODY UP. Firmness. Self-Esteem. Approbativeness. Combativeness. Destructiveness. Amativeness. Weight. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 183 1. Amativeness. 4. Secretiveness. 2. Destructiveness. 5. Acquisitiveness. 3. Alimentiveness. 6. Mirthfulness. 7. Approbativeness. EYE SHUTTERS. Eyes do not close of their own accord. They are operated. 184 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. They are operated by faculties. Certain faculties out of the forty-two of which the mind is composed have con- trol of them chiefly, so far as shutting is concerned. There are seven of these. They are chiefly selfish in their nature. They are self-protectors. They look out for No. 1. Each one of the seven has its own individual effect upon the muscles of the eyelids and brows. Amatiyeness and Alimentiveness thicken the lids some- what like those of a pig. Destructiveness straightens the upper lid and presses it down in a hard, horizontal way. This faculty gives the stern, fierce, lowered expression to eyes and eyebrows. Secretiveness "plays possum." It shuts up the eyes in a secretive, suspicious manner, Acquisitiveness often unites with Secretiveness and makes one more suspicious, especially concerning prop- erty or money and in this way helps close the eyes. Approbativeness causes the upper lid to somewhat droop as may be noticed in flirts and coquettes. Mirthfulness gives a merry twinkle to the eyes by con- tracting the lids, and forming the lines directly out- ward from each corner. Learn the location and function of these seven facul- ties and watch them operate the lids of the eyes, espe- cially in "shutting up.' ' DON'T! PLEASE DON'T! I >on't guess at human nature. I )on't guess at children. I >on't guess at defectives. Don't guess at character building. I >on|t guess at mental phenomena. I >on't guess at psychology. I >on'1 guess at anything" human. Kno w All can know by thoroughly studying the ele ments of human nature. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 185 1. Cautiousness. 3. Ideality. 2. Sublimity. 4. Hope. 5. Spirituality. EYE OPENERS. Yes, there are natural eye openers. Inherent eye openers. The principal ones are Spirituality, Hope, Cautiousness, Ideality and Sublimity. These faculties j 86 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. have more to do with opening the eyes than all the other faculties combined. Cautiousness will open them in fear ; Ideality in viewing the beautiful; Sublimity in viewing the sublime; Hope in bright expectation; while Spiritual- ity will cause one to stand in "open-eyed wonder.' ' When these five genetic faculties are predominant in one's soul make-up, they will keep his eyes open and his brows raised all of the time. In other words, eyes and brows will be formed in that way. If our readers will simply study these five faculties in action in men, women and children they will be able to positively demonstrate the truthfulness of these statements. Select a party with either Cautiousness or Spirituality large and call the faculty into vigorous action by a pic- ture of danger or a description of some wonderful phenom- enon and the effect upon the eyes and brows will be in- stantaneous. THE CRYING FACULTIES. The two particular elements of mind that make men, women and children cry are Benevolence and Approba- tiveness. Benevolence gives great susceptibility to the suffering of others, and when not regulated will start the tears very easily. It makes children tender and easily hurt in mind and body, and gives a strong tendency to cry. Approbativeness is the sensitive faculty and comes next to Benevolence in making people cry. It is this faculty that is hurt by neglects, slights, unkind words, criticisms and want of appreciation. Then if one has not enough Self-esteem, lie will be very easily wounded and mani- fest it by crying. Add to these, strong Friendship, Conjugality, Paren- tal Love and Inhabitiveness and one will be very sus- ceptible to tears. Those who do not cry very easily are endowed with predominant faculties of Destructiveness, Combative- beem and Firmness with the crying faculties ju! t named w< Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 187 HOW TO RAISE HAIR. Just Touch the Right Button — faculty. GRATITUDE. One who feels grateful for any favor has strong Benev- olence and Conscientiousness. One with a weak devel- opment of these two faculties or mind elements may have all of the other faculties highly developed and manifest no gratitude. Be sure that these two faculties are very strong in one's make-up and you will be sure of gratitude. The other faculties that help these two faculties in an ear- nest expression of gratitude are Friendship, Parental Love, Veneration and Conjugality. 1 88 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. SELF-ESTEEM NEGATIVE FORCE OF CHARACTER. Force of character is elementally made up of Self-es- teem, Firmness, Combativeness and Destructiveness. 1 1 it is any particular kind of force of character you have to add sonic other mental element. For instance, add Conscientiousness to these and you have a strong moral character. Add Acquisitiveness and you have commer- cial force of character. Add Causality and you get of character. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 189 #■ The location of Mirthfulness, Tune, Time and Eventuality. 190 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON. Author of "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde." THE KEYNOTE OF A GENIUS. All the race has done has been done with the forty-two faculties that constitute the human mind. Individual geniuses have some of these very highly de- veloped. Their heads tell. the story. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 191 They show the special development and thus give us the " keynote' ' of their genius. Robert Louis Stevenson's talent was of the order of genius. He could not have produced "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde' ' without a great development of the faculties of Form and Comparison. In a study of his head we were struck with the very great development of his fac- ulty of Form. The size of this faculty is indicated by width between the eyes or from pupil to pupil. We regard this faculty as the "keynote' ' of the com- bination of faculties that produced the above-named work. Comparison is also strikingly developed. Faculties are related to the face through the nervous system. Here are four faculties connected with their facial poles and muscles. Spirituality lifts the brows. Approbativeness lifts the upper lip and exposes the teeth, Combativeness is related to the lower half of the nose. Vitativeness is related to the anterior part of the chin. 192 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. THE THOUGHT CENTERS. The localization of the thinking faculties is very easy, and yet the majority of the human race if asked to locate them would fail. Think of a teacher teaching without knowing what the thinking faculties are, where they are located and how to measure them ! Fundamentally there is only one thinking faculty. This is Causality. Without this faculty there could be no thought whatever. We want each one of our readers to understand this fact in the most complete sense. The other forty-one faculties, if they were as large as they ever been in human beings, could not originate the simplest thought ever thought. Causality is absolutely v to any degree or kind of thought whatever. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 193 The first assistant of Causality is Comparison. This is so because a great part of thinking is comparative or analogical. These two faculties are as certainly localized as eye and nose. They occupy the brain territory cut out in the illustration. They are there and never elsewhere. Those who do not know exactly where to look for these two faculties should be infinitely pitied, very kindly held up to public ridicule, thoroughly humiliated, and if in public positions as teachers and ministers, and refuse to learn, severely roasted. GET OUT. Get out of thought confusion. Get out of psychological mysticism. Get out of educational chaos. Get out of therapeutical assumption. Get out of economical nonsense. Get out of spiritual indefiniteness. Get out of memory schemes. Get out of temperamental guessing. Get out of ideal delusion. Get out of superficial child study. Get out of theoretical speculation. Get out of general uncertainty. You can do so by getting in to your minds a clear knowledge of the forty-two ELEMENTS of which human minds are composed. NO ESCAPE. All have got to come to it. There is no escape. The constitution of human nature is the standard that all have got to come to. All theories, isms, and ologies will necessarily have to totter and fall when not founded upon the constitution of the human mind. 194 Yaught's Practical Character Reader. WHAT THE FORTY-TWO FACULTIES DO. The forty-two human faculties do almost everything under the sun. ' They do everything that the race does. The range of their operations is from the highest to the lowest, from the broadest to the narrowest, and from the simplest to the most complex. They do our thinking, talking, speaking, singing, dancing, loving, hating, swearing, fearing, walking, running, eating, grasping, working, balancing, remem- bering, traveling, looking, classifying, constructing, ideal- izing, hoping, praying, imagining, building, associating, laughing, calculating, coloring, imitating, sympathizing, persisting, con mg, pushing, rustling, getting, secret- ing, wishing, continuing, concentrating, writing, philos- ophizing, reflecting, meditating, agitating, playing, pitching, tumbling, hurling, fighting, contending, beg- ging, resisting, lying, magnifying, exaggerating, estimat- ing, locating, whispering, stealing, murdering, monopo- lizing, overcoming, crushing, determining, selecting, choosing, mastering, finishing, ordering, numbering, demonstrating, reading, spelling, writing, committing, holding, economizing, spending, wasting, dissipating, bluffing, deceiving, simulating, tyrannizing, elaborating, analyzing, synthesizing, grabbing, tasting, drinking, de- stroying, poisoning, burning, rhyming, picturing, illus- trating, observing, marrying, fascinating, hypnotizing, attracting, affecting, modulating, emphasizing, depicting, portraying, describing, selecting, promulgating, enumer- ating, reviewing, soliloquizing, spiritualizing, sympathiz- ing, helping, warring, improving, progressing, gathering, investigating, searching, applauding, criticising, de-^ nouncing, blaming, censuring. PROUD CHARACTER. The fundamental elements of pride are Approbative- ness and Self-esteem. To understand pride is to under- stand these two faculties and what faculties they unite with. For instance, if one has these two faculties strong and also a strong degree of Acquisitiveness, he will have i commercial pride. tninant faculties in any race or tribe will explain the customs and productions of the tribe. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 195 Self-esteem and Firmness are shown in these lips. Conjugality, Parental Love Amativeness and Friend- ship are shown in these. THE AUDITORY STUDENT. The auditory student has a predominance of Tune, Time, Ideality, Sublimity, Cautiousness, Spirituality, Veneration and Approbativeness. These make the natural listener. THE MEMORY STUDENT. The student who chiefly depends upon his memory has Eventuality, Language, Imitation, Tune, Time and Ap- probativeness in the lead in his mental make-up. THEORETICAL. To be theoretical in mental make-up is to have predominant faculties of Causality, Ideality and Con- strue tiveness. Together these three faculties will spon- taneously produce theory after theory and the individual fail to realize that they are only theories. 19 6 Va ught's Practical Character Rea der. THE C ^ N J ER or To focus a mind on an individual object or subject is to place the faculty of individuality in front of all the others. It is the center of mental f ocalization and concentration. HOW SOME OF THE FACULTIES AFFECT THE BODY. Friendship clings and warms the body. Combativeness contracts the muscles and hardens the body. Acquisitiveness grasps and pinches the body. Benevolence sheds tears and softens the body. Firmness stiffens and condenses the body. ulness shakes and enlivens the body. iration bows and prostrates the body. Sell bloats and holds the body erect. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 197 A Side View of the Faculty of Individuality, Showing a Weak Development. BLUFFING. There is much bluffing done in the world. It is done with Secretiveness, Human Nature, Destructiveness and Approbativeness. Sometimes Firmness and Self-esteem enter into it. One can only bluff because he is some- what cowardly. If Conscientiousness, Self-esteem and Combativeness are predominant one will never bluff. The bluffer is usually weak in all three, but especially in Combativeness. 198 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. AN INTELLECTUAL WEDGE. We present above an intellectual wedge that is guar- ! to split open all knotty intellectual timber. It is Ige. It is in accord with the formation of m intellect. It is a fundamental knowledge We commend it to the educational world Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 199 posmve JVEWT/& Conscientiousness. Conscientiousness. RELIABILITY. Human reliability has a center. It begins some- where. This somewhere is the faculty of Conscien- tiousness. This is the center post of it. Always look for the center post when you look for reliability in men, women and children. There are other elements that help make up the whole of reliable character, but Conscientiousness is the trunk of the tree. Go directly up from the back part of the ear and when about one and one-half inches from the center of the head side- wise, stop, and you will be on the external location of Conscientiousness. When positive in the character, this part of the head will be convex in shape and when negative concave. A neutral degree of it will be in- dicated by flatness. This is the only faculty of human nature that is honest from principle. If this faculty is weak in one, the faculties of Benevolence, Friendship, Self-esteem, Approbativeness, Veneration and Cau- tiousness have to be very strong to keep one from posi- tive dishonesty. Special effort has been made to show the exact loca- tion of this very important element of human char- acter and how to detect it in head, face and manner. It gives a clear, earnest, straightforward ring to the voice and a steady, straightforward look to the eyes. Specially study the face and head of Judge Cooley. He was endowed with a positive degree of this faculty. 2CO Vaught's Practical Character Reader. THE ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURE OF WILL. The center post of will is Firmness. Of all the faculties, this is the nearest akin to will itself. Do not misunderstand us. Will is not something in itself. It is only a temporary state of certain faculties in action, while facul- ties are permanent individual elements that may be immortal. Will i's action, while faculty is the actor. Will may rise and fall like the tides. It is only a power of the mind — that is, of faculty. No faculty, no will. Beginning with firmness as the backbone of will, we can add Combativeness, and have a resistant prop. These two faculties together constitute the fundamental struc- ture of will. They give resistant persistence. To these two we may add Self-esteem, and give them confidence. Those who are positively self-confident possess one of the chief elements of will. Observe the illustration above It shows how Firmness is propped and sustained by Com- bativeness on one side and Self-esteem on the other. These three faculties give us the framework of will. Without the other faculties these three will simply give the blind stubbornness and resistance of the pig and mule. Add a strong faculty of Conscientiousness to these and von have blind moral will or persistent resistance to op- LOD and injustice. If Causality and Human Na- ture arc added, then we have an intelligent moral will. way will can be definitely understood in any man, woman or child. Vaught's Practical Character Reader, .or Holy Smoke. Self Explanatory. 202 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. CENTERS OF CHARACTER. SPECIFIC FACULTIES are the CENTER POSTS of distinct characteristics, talents and powers. To " hit the nail on the head," " pierce the bull's eye," and be FUN- DAMENTALLY DEFINITE in character reading, all should understand these central faculties and not proceed in that haphazard, general, hit or miss way that is avoid- able only by a THOROUGH KNOWLEDGE of all the FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN FACULTIES. Firmness is the center of Will. Amativeness is the center of the Social Evil. Destructiveness is the center of Force. Benevolence is the center of Humanitarianism. Ideality is the center of Art. Acquisitiveness is the center of Monopoly. Approbativeness is the center of Jealousy. Eventuality is the center of Memory. Causality is the center of Thought. Conscientiousness is the center of Morality. Parental Love is the center of Parentage. Cautiousness is the center of Fear. Human Nature is the center of Intuition. Individuality is the center of Observation. Constructiveness is the center of Invention. Spirituality is the center of Occultism. Mirthfulness is the center of Comedy. Friendship is the center of Association. Vitativeness is the center of Constitution. Veneration is the center of Religion. Tune is the center of Music. Self-esteem is the center of Personality. SUIT THE GESTURE TO THE FACULTY. In elocution and oratory one should suit the gesture to the faculty. Don't make yourself ridiculous by using me that belongs to Destructiveness when you are using tdeality; and tor heaven's sake don't try to make one kind of gesture suit all of the faculties. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 203 Here is another picture of a dangerous man, especially along the immoral and sensual lines. GET RIGHT AT IT. Don't theorize; don't speculate; don't assume. Get right at the elements of it. The elements' of what? Of mind. Mind is an aggregation, a composition, a consti- tution of individual, indivisible, genetic elements. To get right at any kind of mind is to get at some of these elements. To get at fear is to get at the element of Cau- tiousness; to get at the social evil is to get at Amative- ness; to get at jealousy is to get at Approbativeness ; to get at Superstition is to get at Spirituality. To get AT THE BODY IS TO GET AT THE PARTS OF IT. To GET AT THE MIND IS TO GET AT THE ELEMENTS OF IT. 204 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. HOW TO READ THE FACE. Paces can be read. They can be read systematically. J tiai is, there may be some order in physiognomy. It has a foundation. This foundation is the mind. The mind is made up of elements or faculties. Some of these '!;■ Ui: ,n,t in °ne part of the face and some in an- tner. A fairly reliable division of three may be made. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 205 This will cause one to look systematically at the face. While all the face included in the region of appetite in the illustration is not represented by appetite only, yet this region does particularly represent appetite. If it is positively predominant in the formation of the face as shown in cut No. 1, the appetites and passions will just as positively predominate in the character. . The middle division of the face represents more of the elements of force than any other part. While not all of force is shown here, it may be safely taken as the distinct region of force. If this division predominates over the one above and the one below, as illustrated in cut No. 2, force will be the dominant feature of the character. When the highest division is the most pronounced there will be a predominance of intellect. If the three divisions are about equal there will be a corresponding equality of the three characteristics — ap- petite, force and intellect. But if either positively leads, the character given and illustrated here will in- variably correspond. Sharply fix and compare the three faces. 206 Vaught's Practical Ch aracter Reader. INSTRUCTIVE COMPARISONS. The faculties of the human mind may be likened, i. To 42 letters, with which one may spell all human tendencies, characteristics and talents. 2. To 42 eyes with which one may look into all de- partments of the universe. 3. To 42 buds that may blossom into forty-two very different flowers. (Oh, that parents and teachers knew their blossoming time.) 4. To 42 forces that try (and often do) burst forth in- dividually. 5. To 42 strings upon which are played all the cords and discords of human life. 6. To 42 factors with which all of the problems of hu- man life may be solved. 7. To 42 elements out of which all mental compounds may be made. 8. To 42 figures with which (according to permuta- tion all of the individuals may be made, which clearly ac- counts for the great diversity found in the human race. 9. To 42 senses with which everything objective may be received and sensed. 10. To 42 soul pieces which together constitute the complex, multiplex, many-sided, self-active, self-direc- tive, individual, indissoluble, immortal human soul. CREDULITY. Credulity is composed of the faculties of Spirituality, Veneration, Ideality, Sublimity and Conscientiousness. When these five faculties are predominant in one's mind he will be very credulous. The chief one of the five is Spirituality. There can be no credulity whatever with- "in these faculties, and particularly without Spirituality, - Conscientiousness and Ideality. When Human Nature, Causality and Secretiveness are weak and si rong, credulity will run to seed. The lat- he antidotes of the other five. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 2 09 THE INTELLECTUAL HATCHET. Intellect, however strong in itself, is powerless alone. One might possess the intellect of a Webster and be powerless to use this intellect without executive force. There is no force in intellect itself. In other words, there is no motor power in intellect. Unless there is back of intellect strong faculties of force there will be no certain, 210 Vaught's Practical. Character Reader. aggressive, forceful application of it. Intellect may then be considered simply the blade of the hatchet. It may be very sharp ; it may be ready to cut ; yet it will not cut unless there is power to drive it. The power back of intellect that sends it with force is chiefly to be found in two faculties. These two faculties are Destructiveness and Combativeness. Without these the intellect would not be put into positive action at all. It would not act in a forceful way. Therefore, to form an intellectual hatchet by which one may cut right into all of the questions of life, is to have back of it strong fac- ulties of Destructiveness and Combativeness. One who can do head work because he has Causality strongly developed. Vau ght's Pract ical Character Reader. 21.1 CHARACTER IN WALKING. Of course character comes out in the walk. The rea- son it comes out is because it is back of walking. Bodies do not walk about of their own accord. They are only instruments that human minds use to go to and fro. Walks vary much in the same individual. There is absolutely no fixed walk. It is true there may be a characteristic walk. This means only that the individ- ual has a strong individuality, which in turn means sim- ply that he has a predominance of faculties like Self- esteem, Firmness, Combativeness, Destructiveness, Caus- ality, Human Nature and subordinate faculties of Imita- tion, Approbativeness and Veneration. There cannot be any positively fixed walk, for the reason that there is no positively fixed mind. Mind is not a fixed thing. In a sense it is a fixable thing. It may be fixed in a cer- tain state for a while, and this fix thrown down and an- other state fixed. This all comes about because of the plurality of the faculties of which the mind is composed. Our readers should bear in mind right here that what we mean by the word mind is what is often called soul or be- ing. Mind, being and soul are one and the same thing. The height and depth, length and breadth of a human soul is simply the degree of the various faculties of which it is composed. It cannot be any deeper than the biggest faculty. It cannot be any more shallow than the weak- est faculty. The variation of these faculties in a given human being will cause corresponding variations in his walk. Faculties that take the lead in the mental states must necessarily to that degree govern the muscular system of the body by means of which he walks. To " get a move' ' on oneself is to get some of the mov- ers of the mind into action. To get a fearful move on oneself is to put Cautiousness back of the muscles. One can get over a fence and up a tree under the influence of this faculty in a hurry (with a mad bull behind him) , but not in the same way that he would move when on dress parade under the faculty of Approbativeness. This is the stuck-up faculty that makes men mince their walks. It is the most mincing faculty that we have. All minced , affected walks spring from this faculty in the lead. If it 2i2 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. is assisted by a strong faculty of Amativeness, there is an addition of riggling to mincing, and both are some- what infected with affectation. To understand char- acter in the walk, therefore, is to know the faculties that are in action that produce the different kinds of walks. All physical movements of a natural kind are the prod- ucts of the various faculties in action. There are unsub- stantial walks. They show want of force, decision, courage, confidence and self-control. In such cases the feelings predominate. If a man or woman walks under the dictation of the faculties of Firmness, Self-esteem, Conscientiousness, Human Nature, Causality, Individ- uality and Amativeness, he or she will have a very dis- tinct, decided, self-reliant, positive, courageous, force- ful, intelligent walk. If they are dominated by Cautiousness, Approba- tiveness, Veneration and Benevolence, the walk will be of an entirely different nature. It will be of a careful, respectful, deferential, subdued kind. There will be nothing in it that is bold, positive and independent. There could not be if these four faculties predominated. The human body then may be called a very flexible instrument in the hands of the various faculties. It is made to do all kinds of things. It has no tendencies nor desires of its own. There are, strictly speaking, no ten- dencies of the flesh . The body does not contain any facul- ties. It is only an organism through which faculties man- ifest themselves. The faculties have, in all normal in- stances complete control of it. They bend it this way and that. They simply operate it. They operate it much more successfully and freely than the engineer operates his engine. They are closer to it, by far, than any man can get to a mechanical instrument. The re- lation between faculties and the body are the most inti- mate. They have grown up together. They are far more intimately and delicately connected than were the Siamese Twins. By means of the muscular and ner- vous systems all kinds of movements are made. ts. Tins action takes place in the brain, other words, in the organs of the faculty. By ls of the nervous system this action can be trans- Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 213 mitted all over the body. When one is aroused in the faculty of Destructiveness, which is the faculty of force per se, this may come out in a forceful way, via the fist or foot. In other words, by means of the nerves and mus- cles of the arm and leg one is able to strike or kick under the dynamic force of Destructiveness. This is the center of striking, kicking, pounding, crushing force. Those who have this faculty decidedly predominant walk in a manner that can be appropriately called "the walk- right-through spirit. ' ' Every motion is forceful. " For- ward' ' is in each motion. They go forward. They go directly forward. They go forward positively. They go forward somewhat as a projectile is driven by a heavy charge of powder. This can be clearly seen in the walk. The walk is not tame. It is rough. Such people will get through a crowd by "main force and awkwardness.' ' They drive their bodies through. They make a roadway. If the perceptive faculties are strong they quickly see how to get through. They are quick to take advantage of an opening. They constitute a forceful wedge. In football the "flying wedge' ' is made up of such charac- ters. All have come in contact with them, especially in crowds. On the streets of Chicago they may be met. They usually get the right of way. They take "bee lines' ' to their destination. Combativeness has not the same driving power as De- structiveness. It comes out in a different way. It makes a different walk. It runs the body in a different manner. Instead of driving the body along forcefully it gives one an elastic, springy walk. Those under Com- bativeness are muscularly keyed up — that is, they have their muscles contracted nearly all of the time, ready for a spring or for defense. They are quicker than those under Destructiveness, so far as motion is concerned. They, however, lack the driving power. They are re- sistant in their manner and walk instead of forceful. If you crowd them they will push back. They do not make roadways in a crowd as do those with large Destructive- ness. They have simply great defensive power. They walk as if they had springs in their knees. There is a crispness and a boldness that is not seen in the De- 214 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. structive walk. The Destructive walk is more heavy and brutal. The Combative walk is more fearless and highstrung. The head is held a little backward as a rule when Combativeness is in the lead. When Destructive- ness is in the lead, the head is held a little forward and downward. Destructiveness is a battering-ram. Com- bativeness is a defensive armor. When both of these faculties are predominant in one, others may well take care. It is best that they give such the right of way. Now, if these two faculties were subordinate in strength, and Secretiveness, Cautiousness and Acquis- itiveness predominant, one would walk in a strikingly different manner. Such a person would be stealthy, watchful, careful and suspicious in his walk and manner. Very probably he would button his clothes tightly. He would have secret pockets. He would put his money away very carefully. He would do nothing in a loud manner. There would be no boldness in his action. He would combine the caution of woman with the stealth of the Indian and the watchfulness of the miser. This would come out in a different muscular manner. In- stead of touching the heel to the floor or earth first he would be apt to touch the toes, or at least the frontal half of his feet. In fact anyone walking under the faculties of Secretiveness, Cautiousness and Acquisitiveness will walk in the most light, stealthy manner. He will slip along. He will feel his way by means of Cautiousness. Instead of walking right along, boldly and roughly,, he will glide through a crowd very much in the same manner that a snake creeps through the grass. In fact, he has a serpentine walk. You never know he is coming until he is upon you. He passes before you are aware of his pre- sence. This all comes about by means of predominant faculties. Predominant faculties determine the characteristic walk, if any. Some one may say that it is merely a mat- ter of habit. Very well. What is a habit but a brain i Mined by the action of predominant faculties ? No •faculty, no habit. Something must act and act repeat- edly before a habit is formed. This something is the Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 215 mind as a whole. This mind is a composition of facul- ties. All of its acts are acts of one or more faculties. Hence, all normal physical movements are the result of past and present actions of faculties. This embodies all training. No one can be taught or trained except by means of faculty; we learn all that we learn with facul- ties. The greater share of one's training is that which comes from his own strongest faculties. He trains his arms and legs to move in certain ways by means of the inherent force of predominating faculties. If Benevolence is supreme, his walk is positively dif- ferent from another's whose Destructiveness is supreme. The manner of holding the body is one thing and moving it another. The two together are usually called the characteristic walk of one. All should remember that we move the body about with certain faculties and hold it up with others. We hold it up chiefly with Self-esteem, Firmness and Approbativeness. If these three faculties are weak no one will hold his body in an erect, dignified attitude. He can not without special effort and then only momentar- ily. At the same time one with these three faculties very predominant will hold the body in a swaggering, pomp- ous position of vanity and ostentation, and with the ad- dition of strong Destructiveness and Combativeness he will push along boldly, independently and powerfully. The faculties that move the body about chiefly are Destructiveness and Combativeness. The particular manner of movement is determined by any of the other faculties that may be strong enough to do so. It will be moved according to' the nature and rel- ative strength of the movers. If Ideality is strong it will cause the owner to try to walk gracefully as well as pomp- ously and boldly. A large faculty of Hope will give the walk a cheerful air. Mirthfulness will saturate it with the jolly or droll. In this way all kinds of normal human walks may be very clearly read and understood. 216 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. NERVOUSNESS. Mental nervousness all comes from two faculties— Approbativeness and Cautiousness. None of the other elements of mind has any ability to feel nervous. To be afraid in any degree in any kind of way is to be so either from the inherent nature of these two facul- ties or by means of some other faculites, uniting with these. Some degree then of one of these two mind ele- ments is absolutely necessary to any mental nervous- ness. .What we mean is that all fear of criticism, ridi- cule condemnation, failure, disease and death are the products of these two elements. . HOW SOME OF THE FACULTIES WRITE. Styles of handwriting can be traced directly to indi- vidual faculties. We have been aware of this for many years and have positively demonstrated it in many cases. Action and motion have their sources in human faculties. If one has in tact all his bones and muscles, his writing will truthfully represent the faculties that dictate his writ- ing and their degree of culture. Take predominating Benevolence and it will have enough influence over the other faculties to write as you see in the figure. Compare with the signatures of Lin- coln and Longfellow, two truly benevolent men. When Acquisitiveness is predominant you do not see so much generous use of space nor the smooth, drooping : indness. Acquisitiveness likes to economize rty. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 217 Cautiousness is careful. It will be more careful in cros- sing its t's and dotting its i's. It helps to make legi- bility. Approbativeness is the great displayer. It spoils a great deal of writing. Notice the illustration closely and then call to mind acquaintances who are very strong in this faculty and therefore fond of display and you will see the similarity quickly. Anybody who writes this way is subject to flattery. Remember that Approbativeness is the center of flattery. It is the only faculty that likes it. Don't give yourself away in your writing, particularly your weakness. Impulsive Lips. 218 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. ■77/£CEVT£ff T//£ CENTER OSCCMSC/EVCF '77/ECEN7ER OF SELfXESPECT THECENTER OF WEWIXESS T/fECENTER or PARENTAGE It will decidedly pay all to localize these elements and make use of this knowledge. WHERE VOICES COME FROM. Affectionate voices always come from the backhead. Heavy, thunderous voices always come from the sidehead. Egotistical voices come from the crown of the head. Kind, respectful and straightforward voices come from the tophead. All voices are produced by the forty-two mental i -nts. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 219 WHILE ASLEEP. The Best Time to Reconstruct the Brain. Brain grows principally at night. In other words, it grows while a child is asleep. Dreams can be regulated. They can be used to great advantage in child culture. The brain is a very composite organ. There are two or- gans for each faculty, one in each hemisphere. Facul- ties differ so much in size in a given child that some be- come decidedly too strong for the others. Suppose a child has at birth a strong faculty of De- structiveness. This can be quite easily located by pres- sing the frontal part of the tips of the two ears against the head. When this locality rounds out or shows a dis- tinct convexity of form the organs of Destructiveness are large. Unless a child has the counteracting faculty of Benevolence to a large degree it will become very rough and even fierce and revengeful in disposition. To coun- teract this too active condition of Destructiveness is to keep or take the blood away from it as much as possible. The blood goes to that part of the brain most in which .the largest faculties are located because these are the most active and demand the most blood. Parents and teachers may very certainly take the overstock of blood away from the two organs of Destruc- tiveness by relating something that is very pathetic imme- diately before a vicious child goes to sleep, for in this way the blood may be centered in the organs of Benevolence to that degree that the dreams may be largely regulated and even determined in advance. This has been proven by actual tests. Never let a revengeful child go to sleep in anger. Al- ways take the blood largely out of the organs of Destruct- iveness by vigorously calling into action any of the coun- teracting faculties of this faculty, as Friendship, Benevo- lence, Cautiousness, Conscientiousness. This can be done by parents who understand the forty-two faculties of which all children's minds are constituted. It can be done as certainly as they can have a child use one arm specially in some vigorous exercise before retiring. Gen- eral experimenting in child culture J is no longer neces- sary. 220 Vau ght's Practical Character Reader. POINTED POINTS ABOUT CHARACTER READING. A large head does not always indicate a large brain. The size may be made up largely of hair, scalp, fatty tissue and skull. Phrenology has been blamed for a great many deformed heads. A head that has been deformed at birth phren- ology is not responsible for. A little learning is a dan- gerous thing right here. A one-sided view of a human head is not nearly reli- able, so far as honesty is concerned. A head may be beautifully symmetrical from the nape of the neck to the root of the nose from a side view, and at the same time be roof shaped when looked at from a front view. Such heads are not necessarily honest, spiritual nor moral. To read human character definitely, is to understand the human faculties, and measure each one as it is de- veloped in the brain. Human Anatomy is largely reli- able, because the different parts of it can be definitely located. Phrenology is reliable as an art for the same reason. The sources and causes of all kinds of human manifes- tations can only be found in elementary faculties. To attempt to read human character without directly meas- uring faculty is, at the most, experimental general work. Faculties come out so that all who will make the ef- fort can see them. They come out externally in the for- mation of the head. They come out facially in distinct 1 >arts of the face. They come out motionally in distinct walks and gestures. They come out vocally in distinct tones of voice. HEAD WORK. Head workers are very easily picked out. To do neadwork to any degree whatever is to possess some de- »l the faculties of Causality and Constructiveness. No other faculties have any power to do any head work ; in oilier words, no planning, thinking, originating talent s possible without sonic degree of these faculties. rig men and women for head work be sure - v h wo faculties quite well developed. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 221 THE UTILITY OF BALD HEADS. One class of bald heads tower very high right up from the backs of the ears. They run up to a peak. This means a strong degree of Firmness. It is likely to mean obstinacy. If the whole crown of the head is rounded out, including this high peak, one will be positively dom- ineering in disposition. Any young woman who marries a young man or a man with a bald head like this will find that she has a very domineering, egotistical character to deal with. If this region of the head is very deficient, one will be correspondingly deficient in self-reliance, persistence and ambition. Such may have excellent talent, but not the determination and confidence to put it into execution. By means of bald heads one may quickly determine to a great degree whether a man is feminine or masculine. If he is higher in the frontal part of the tophead than the crown he has more tenderness than self will and is there- fore more feminine than masculine so far as these charac- teristics are concerned. Complete masculine heads al- ways tower very high in the crown. In fact, that is their highest part. Feminine heads are higher in the frontal part of the tophead than in the crown. This will give our readers an idea of the great practical utility of bald heads. Make use of them. They can be used for the best scientific purposes and we hope all will very respect- fully do so. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. CHARACTER IN VOICE. Character makes voice. In other words, faculties make voice. An affectionate voice is made by Friendship, Conju- gality, Amativeness and Parental Love. An affected voice is made by Approbativeness. A self-important voice is made by Self-esteem and Ap- probativeness. A decided voice is made by Firmness, Combativeness and Self-esteem. An earnest voice is made by Conscientiousness, Be- nevolence, Friendship, Conjugality and Veneration. A kind voice is made by Benevolence. A genuine voice is made by Conscientiousness. A pleasant voice is made by Benevolence, Friendship, Veneration, Conscientiousness, Approbativeness and Suavity. A gruff voice is made by Destructiveness and Self-es- teem. A musical voice is made by Tune, Time, Ideality and strong social and moral sentiments. A deceitful voice is made by Secretiveness, Amative- ness, Approbativeness, Acquisitiveness and Human Nature. Watch the human faculties in action and you can prove this for yourself. Vaught's Practical Character Reader, 22 3 LOCALIZATION. The localization of the organs of the forty-two facul- ties is just as true as the localization of the ear, the nose, the heart, the lungs, the stomach, or any and all of the organs of the body. This localization is just as natural. In fact, it is absolutely natural. Man had nothing whatever to do with localization. He simply discovered it. Phrenologists have had no more to do with the location of the faculties than with the location of the organs of the body. They simply found the faculties. The location of a faculty can be mastered and depended upon as certainly as the loca- tion of the ear. Even a child knows where to look for his ears. The location of Causality, Benevolence, De- structiveness,. Cautiousness and Amativeness can be learned and depended upon just as certainly and abso- lutely as the location of the nose can be learned and de- pended upon. It would be a very unreliable geography of this country that could not be depended upon if one wanted to locate New York, Boston, Philadelphia, St. Louis, Cincinnati and Pittsburg. These cities are lo- cated somewhere. They are there all the time. They can be found. This location, the geography of the LTnited States furnishes one. The geography of the hu- man head may be just as certainly learned. It can be depended upon with just as much certainty. And it is a great deal more important than the geography of any country. HOW CAN ONE BE QUICK? To be quick is to have a predominant degree of Com- bativeness, Human Nature, Individuality, Self-esteem, Firmness, Eventuality, Destructiveness, Weight, Ama- tiveness, Comparison and Language. These faculties give quick observation, quick move- ments, quick decision, quick expression, quick memory and quick thought. Then, when the slow faculties — Cautiousness, Causality, Approbativeness, Conscien- tiousness, Order, Ideality, Continuity, Veneration — are weak, one will be very quick. 22t± Vaught's Practical Character Reader. EASILY UPSET. Many people are easily upset. They get "rattled" easily. They lose "presence of mind." They "fly off 1 lie handle." They "lose their grip." Why? Because they have a weak development of certain fundamental faculties whose business is to give one self-control. We say certain faculties purposely. Only certain faculties possess the power to give one self-control. They give one this power by virtue of their nature. It can come from no other source. If these faculties are not strongly developed, no one on earth will have self-control. These faculties are Self-esteem, Combativeness, Causality, Conscientiousness, Human Nature, Firmness, and some- i mies Spirituality and Destructiveness. Without these eight faculties, self-control would be as impossible as locomotive engineering without an engi- When these faculties are strong enough as mem- bers ol the mental constitution there will be self-control m any man, woman or child. one can be upset with these faculties predominant. >e cultivated when they are too weak. Vaught's Practical Char acter Reader. 225 THE SELECTION OF EMPLOYES. For handiwork select those with large perceptive fac- ulties and rather broad heads. For head work select those with good upper foreheads that are rather square. For salesmen get broad heads, full eyes and those who have the faculty of Human Nature very strong. For superintendents get those with broad heads, high in the crown and good foreheads. For hustlers always get those with broad heads and high in the crown. For all kinds of honest employes be sure to get those with high, broad top heads and full upper backheads." Master everything in this book and you will be able to select just the kind of employe you want. HOW MUCH? How much science of music would there be without any notes? How much science of arithmetic without any figures? How much science of chemistry without any elements? There would be just as little science in the above mentioned as there is to-day in all psychology, education, elocution, and mental therapeutics, not founded upon the elements of the human mind. WHEN YOU GET TIRED FLOPPING ROUND. Teachers, Preachers, Psychologists, and all, when you get tired of stumbling and grumbling, changing and guessing and tumbling; just build on the mental consti- tution -diivl your building will not fall. V 2 26 Vaught's Practical Character Reader, The Composite of the Ten Selfish Faculties, Showing them Predominant in Head and Face. WHERE TO LOOK. The place to look for educational systems and human philosophy is in the mental constitution of man. The truth is inherenl in this constitution. WAYWARD CHILDREN. Wayward children, are weak in Veneration and Con- and strong in Firmness, Amativeness, nd Dcstructiveness. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 227 The light part of the back head indicated here repre- sents the location of the higher affections. The other light part shows the location of the moral, esthetic and reasoning faculties. Always look for the kind of ele- ments where they belong. MIMICRY. The disposition and ability to mimic come from the faculties of Mirthfulness, Human Nature and Imitation, Then if Self-esteem, Veneration and Conscientiousness are rather weak, one will delight in mimicing others. To imitate dialects Tune and Language must be added. 228 Vaught's Practical Character Reade r. - , - «^P Here is an illustration that means much to those who would measure vitality and understand health. The facial lung pole is outward from the wings of the nose and indicated by a positive convexity. The di- gestive center is outward from the lips and indicated in the same way. A strong heart is indicated by a large, broad, projecting chin. The opposite of these developments means a negative condition of the lungs, stomach and heart. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 229 A hand without a finger. Anatomy without a bone. Language without a word. Chemistry without an element. Music without a note. Arithmetic without a figure. Physiology without an organ. Theology, psychology, sociology, criminology and anthropology without a faculty are not any more com- plete and useful than the above, in the condition stated. HOW WE GET RATTLED. All things have specific beginnings. The mental state that is denominated "rattled" can come about only by the action of one or more of three faculties — Conscientiousness, Approbativeness and Cautiousness. We get "rattled" from a sense of guilt when it is suddenly presented to us by means of Conscientiousness ; this is not a frequent condition, however. We get "rattled" by fear when Cautiousness is suddenly ex- cited. The majority, however, get "rattled" by an intense, overwhelming action of Approbativeness. This is the dominant faculty in the majority of cases of "rattles." It is that faculty that embarrasses one principally. It is the most confusing, faculty when excited, that we have. To lose self-possession is to principally let this faculty dominate one. When the three together positively predominate one is very easily "rattled." He is easily excited and confused by means of Conscientiousness and Approbativeness if he simply imagines that another thinks he is guilty. Cautiousness is apt to aggravate the case. All can rest assured that these three faculties are the only ones that will "rattle" one. To regulate them properly is to possess or cultivate to a predominant degree the faculties of Causality, Human Nature, Firmness. Self- esteem and Combativeness. 230 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. HIRMNESS IN HEAD AND FACE. Vaught's Practical C haracter Reader. 231 The above illustration shows the location of the six elements of human goodness. These are wholly good because they desire the welfare of others, and have no selfish axes to grind. They are Parental Love, Con- jugality, Friendship, Conscientiousness, Veneration and Benevolence. They exalt human nature and lift men and women into the sphere of disinterested goodness. These elements can be found nowhere else. Without them mankind would be absolutely selfish. 232 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Can you unlock it? Do you know the names of the doors of the human mind? Remember that you must have a different key for each door. One mind key will not unlock another door of this mind building. LOOK FOR FACULTIES. I )o you know where to look for one's ears? Then you should know where to look for one's faculties. Faculties arc not like fleas. You can put your fingers on them it you know where to look for them, and if you do not know you ought to feel so ashamed of your ignorance that you cannot sleep well till you learn where they are. Anyone who would be ashamed to not know where his >, six mid be exceedingly more ashamed to not know where his faculty of Destructiveness is. Learn the lo- calization of the faculties and then when you look at a head \ ou will see something more than hair, scalp, scars, stations, lumps and sutures. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. % 33 The framework of human character. Study it. 234 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. A NATURAL SCALE. Based upon the Three Natural Principles of Formation, to wit Convex, Plane, Concave. Each of the forty-two faculties uses two brain organs. Both of the brains, the big brain and the little brain, or the cerebrum and the cerebellum, are double. The sense of hearing has two end organs, — the two ears. The sense of vision has two end organs, — the eyes. There arc not two senses of vision nor two senses of hearing. Each simply has a double apparatus through which* it can perform its function. The same is true of the forty- two human faculties. The organs of these faculties are definitely localized. They are just as definitely located as the eyes and ears. They are just as real. How to measure mom is seemingly the most difficult thing. The difficulty is largely in the seeming, however. They can be measured. The reason they can be measured is be- cause they constitute the external convolutions of the brain. These convolutions determine the shape and size of the head. The way tins comes about is like this: The forty-two faculties are usually inherited in different de- vices oi strength. Some are positive and some are neu- tral and some are negative. In other words, some are very strong, others fairly strong and others quite weak. All the positive faculties build corresponding positive Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 235 organs. The positive organs always come to the surface. They not only come to the surface but project them- selves. In shape they grow into convexity of form. This is a universal law. Everything that is positive be- comes convex in form. Convexity of form, therefore, is universally indicative of a positive power back of it. It could not take the convex form without this positive power back of it. A positive faculty, therefore, builds positive brain organs which necessarily become convex in form. Above the brain organs is the skull, which in every healthy, natural case is simply a protective cover- ing of the brain. In a healthy child, man, or woman it exactly conforms to the brain. It is the servant of the brain. It does not grow into any shape of its own ac- cord. There is no hereditary design in it. It is simply formed according to the needs of the brain beneath it. If there is a positive faculty, there will be positive brain organs, and these positive brain organs take convex forms, and above these convex brain organs there will be skull formations that are correspondingly convex. If this special faculty is very positive the brain organs will necessarily be the same, and if the adjacent faculties are neutral or negative the external head over the organs will be flat, and hence the positive organs will stand out boldly in a convex form simply because they are so much stronger than the surrounding organs. If an adjacent faculty is negative, there will be a negative development of its brain organs, which will fail to come to the surface of the brain in the round, convex way that positive organs do, and hence will fail to build convex formations of skull above. Instead there will be distinct concavities. Natural concavities, then, are universally indicative of negative faculties. If any faculty is simply neutral in strength it will build brain organs that are correspond- ingly neutral. Above this the skull will be plane. It will be neither convex nor concave. These three prin- ciples will explain completely all kinds of head shapes. If all of the forty-two elements are positive, they will build positive organs, which results in a convex skull all around. If one group of faculties is positive it will 236 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. build that part of the brain- that it inhabits correspond- ingly strong. This may be the social faculties in the pos- terior lobes, the selfish faculties in the temporal lobes, the intellectual faculties in the frontal, or the moral fac- ulties in the coronal. When this is true there will be one section of the external head that is convex and which stands out boldly. The unequal degree of the forty-two faculties is therefore the cause of the unequal formation of the brain and skull. There is no other natural cause. Head shapes, then, are absolutely, when natural, the pro- ducts of the various faculties. Cut Illustrating the Three Principles. Vaugjht's Practical Character Reader. 237 THE GREATEST REPRESENTATIVES OF INDIVIDUAL FACULTIES. The forty-two men and women named below rep- resent the strongest degree of each human faculty so far manifested by the human race. To give our readers a pointed illustration of the highest or strongest development of an individual faculty in the human race, we have sought to find men and women who have been so predominantly en- dowed with a single faculty that it determined their genius. Amativeness Brigham Young Conjugality Mrs. W. E. Gladstone Parental Love Frederick Froebel Inhabitiveness John Howard Payne Continuity Herbert Spencer Combativeness Admiral Dewey Destructiveness Sitting Bull Secretiveness Aaron Burr Cautiousness Gen. Geo. B. McClellan Alimentiveness Roman Emperor Vitellius Calculation Zerah Colburn Color Rubens Weight Blondin Form Michael Angelo Order. . George Bancroft Constructiveness Thomas A. Edison Locality Christopher Columbus Time Alexander Pope Tune Beethoven Eventuality Thomas Babbington Macauley Comparison Henry Ward Beecher Causality Daniel Webster Mirthfulness Mark Twain Sublimity William Cullen Bryant Human Nature Shakespeare Imitation Blind Tom Benevolence Florence Nightingale Spirituality Emanuel Swedenborg 238 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Conscientiousness Abraham Lincoln Firmness Prince Bismarck Self-esteem . Roscoe Conkling Approbativeness Napoleon Individuality Charles Darwin Language . Max Muller Hope Ella Wheeler Wilcox Vitativeness John Tanner Size William Herschell Acquisitiveness J. Pierpont Morgan Friendship James G. Blaine Ideality Edgar Allen Poe Veneration . . . Jonathan Edwards Suavity . Lord Chesterfield ESPECIALLY WATCH THE TOPHEAD. No human being without a good tophead need ever claim to be honest, kind, religious, moral, spiritual or philanthropical. So in every case, whether it be in business, love or church, if anyone claims to be good, generous, honest, sincere and trustworthy, you may put it down as an absolute fact that he is a hypocrite unless he has a full tophead. One cannot get some- thing from nothing. LIARS. Liars lie by means of certain faculties, and always so. The positive lying faculties are Approbativeness, Sublimity and Secretiveness. These faculties, unless governed, will instinctively stretch the truth. They will exaggerate. They will not tell a lie of their own accord of a mean, selfish, vicious kind, but will simply lie tor fun and from an innate desire to exaggerate. These three faculties are the chief ones in the "sea- pent," "big fish," "big snake," "big battle" and all ; colossal lying. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 239 THE ELEMENTAL FACULTIES DEFINED. INDIVIDUALITY: FORM: SIZE: COLOR: EVENTUALITY: TIME: TUNE: NUMBER: ORDER: WEIGHT: COMPARISON: SPIRITUALITY: HOPE: APPROBATIVENESS SELF-ESTEEM: FIRMNESS: An elemental faculty that per- ceives the individual existence of things and thoughts. An elemental faculty that per- ceives shapes. An elemental faculty that per- ceives dimensions. An elemental faculty that per- ceives colors. An elemental faculty that no- tices events. An elemental faculty that watches time as it passes. An elemental faculty that senses the concord of sound waves. An elemental faculty that per- ceives number. An elemental faculty that likes orderly arrangement of things. An elemental faculty that senses the attraction of an object to the center of the earth. An elemental faculty that compares thoughts and things. An elemental faculty that senses that which is spiritual. An elemental faculty of cheer- fulness. An elemental faculty that seeks the praise of others. An elemental faculty that es- teems self. An elemental faculty that per- sists. 240 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS CONTINUITY: INHABITIVENESS: FRIENDSHIP: CONJUGALITY: PARENTAL LOVE CAUSALITY: IDEALITY: HUMAN NATURE: VITATIVENESS: COMBATIVENESS: DESTRUCTIVENESS: SECRETIVENESS: CAUTIOUSNESS: ALIMENTIVENESS: ACQUISITIVENESS: BENEVOLENCE: VENERATION: An elemental faculty that likes right and truth. An elemental faculty that de- sires to continue that which the other faculties have start- ed. An elemental faculty that loves the place where one lives. An elemental faculty that forms friendships. An elemental faculty that loves one. An elemental faculty that loves babies. An elemental faculty that conceives the cause and effect relations between things. An elemental faculty that perceives beauty. An elemental faculty that perceives character. An elemental faculty that gives an inherent desire to live. An elemental faculty that combats opposition. An elemental faculty of forceful action. An elemental faculty that likes to hide thoughts and things. An elemental faculty that feels fear. An elemental faculty that enjoys eating. An elemental faculty that de- sires to possess property of some kind. An elemental faculty that sympathizes with suffering. An elemental faculty that worships. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 241 AMATIVENESS: SUBLIMITY: IMITATION: SUAVITY: MIRTHFULNESS: CONSTRUCTIVENESS LANGUAGE: LOCALITY: An elemental faculty that gives amative love of the op- posite sex. An elemental faculty that senses grandeur. An elemental faculty that de- sires to imitate. An elemental faculty that gives the suave feeling. An elemental faculty that senses the comical. An elemental faculty that gives the idea of construction. An elemental faculty that likes words. An elemental faculty that perceives location. , 4 2 Vaught's Practical Character Reader i. Language. 2. Form. 3. Individuality. 4. Event- uality. 5. Comparison. 6. Human Nature. 7. Benevo- lence. 8. Veneration. 9. Firmness. 10. Self-esteem. 11. Continuity. 12. Inhabitiveness. 13. Parental Love. 1 I Size. 15. Locality. 16. Causality. 17. Suavity. iS. Imitation. 19. Spirituality. 20. Hope. 21. Con- scientiousness. 22. Approbativeness. 23. Friendship. 24. Conjugality. 25. Amativeness. 26. Weight. 27. ('(.lor. 28. Time. 29. Mirthfulness. 30. Ideality. 31. Sublimity. 32. Cautiousness. 33. Secretiveness. 34. Combativeness ; 35. Vitativeness 36. Order. 37. Number. j8. Tune. 39. Constructiveness. 40. Acquisitiveness. 41. Alimentiveness. 42. Destructiveness. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 243 SOME INSTRUCTION IN REGARD TO THE EX- TERNAL LOCATION OF THE EIGHTY- FOUR ORGANS OF THE FORTY- TWO FACULTIES. The lowest faculty in position is Amativeness. This is located in the cerebellum and can easily be detected externally. Start directly backward from the orifice of the ear and about one inch back of the bone behind the ear you, as a rule, find the location of Amativeness. There is often a fissure that can be seen and felt im- mediately above it. This is the external indication of the separation between the cerebellum and the cere- brum. Amativeness is also on each side of the occipital protuberance that may be seen or felt on the lower backhead of many. The center of Parental Love is about one inch above this occipital protuberance and on a horizontal line from the tip of the. ear back. Inhabitiveness is immediately above Parental Love and directly below the suture, perceptible on many heads, that unites the occipital bone and the two parietal bones. Observe closely some man with a bald head and you can see this distinctly. Immediately on each side of Inhabitiveness and just where the backhead rounds off forward and backward is the location of Friendship. Immediately below Friendship on each side of Pa- rental Love and directly above the center of Amative- ness, is the location of Conjugality. Directly behind your ears, under or internal from the mastoid bones, is the location of Vitativeness. About one and one-half inches from the center of the tip of the ear backward is the location of Com- bativeness. Press the tips of the ears against the head and you are upon the location of Destructiveness. A little lower and in front of Destructiveness, and directly above the zygomatic arch, which can be dis- tinctly seen and felt, is the location of Alimentiveness. It corresponds in location with the upper fourth of the ear and about three-fourths of an inch forward. 244 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Directly above Alimentiveness, approximately an inch, is the center of Acquisitiveness. Directly backward from this and above Destructive- ness, only a little farther back, is Secretiveness. Immediately above Secretiveness on the corners of the head is the location of Cautiousness. The men can locate this by remembering, when it is large , where a stiff hat pinches their heads most. Directly up from this sufficiently to be over the curve and on the side of the tophead is the location of Con- scientiousness. Directly backward and over the curve of the head is the location of Approbativeness. About one inch from the center of Approbativeness toward the center of the head is the location of Self- esteem. Continuity is directly downward toward Inhabitive- ness, while Firmness is directly forward and upward. Continuity, however, is above the suture that is often found between it and Inhabitiveness. To help locate Firmness, draw a straight line up from the back part of the ear to the center of the tophead and you will be on the center of it as a rule. Directy forward of Firmness, filling out the center of the tophead sidewise and lengthwise, forming the central part of the arch, is Veneration. On each side of Veneration, only a little backward and directly in front of Conscientiousness, is Hope. An inch forward of Hope and on each side of the frontal part of Veneration is Spirituality. Directly in front of Spirituality is Imitation. I >irectl) toward the center from Imitation forward of \ ^ncnitu.nandrorneringwithSpiritualityisBenevolence. Directly forward of Benevolence, just where the head curves ofl to begin the forehead, is Human Nature. On each side of Human Nature directly in front of Imitation is Suavity. Directly downward from Suavity causing a square |nn he forehead is Causality. vo organs of Causality in the center ol the upper forehead is the location of Comparison. Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 245 Directly downward from Comparison in the very center of the forehead is Eventuality. Below Eventuality covering the two inner corners of the brows is the location of Individuality. Directly below this, causing great width between the eyes, is the location of Form. On each side of Form, indicated by projecting or protruding eyes, is the location of Language. Directly outward from the corner of the eye is the location of Number. Under the corner of the brow and directly above Number is the location of Order. An half an inch along the brow from Order toward the center of the forehead and directly above the outer part of the pupil of the eye is Color. Between Color and Weight there is a little notch that runs diagonally upward, which should not be taken for a deficient faculty. Weight is on the inside of this and above the inner part of the pupil of the eye. Size may be found directly between Weight and the faculty of Individuality, which has already been located. Locality is diagonally up from the location of Size. Time may be found immediately over Color, out- ward from Locality and a little higher, and under the outer part of Causality and the inner part of Mirth- fulness. Tune is directly outward from Time and over the ridge that may be found on the majority of angular craniums and upward and inward from Calculation and Order. Directly above Tune, slightly inward, is the location of Mirthfulness. ' Directly back of Tune, filling out the middle of the side temple, is the location of Constructiveness. Immediately above Constructiveness, rounding off the head toward Imitation and Spirituality, is Ideality. Directly back of Ideality, over Acquisitiveness and in front of Cautiousness, is the location of Sublimity. This instruction, with a thorough study of the loca- tion of the organs indicated upon the model head, will enable you to approximate their location. 24 6 Va ught's Practical Character Reader. DEALING WITH YOURSELF. Reader, to deal with yourself is to deal with forty-two faculties. To handle yourself is to handle forty-two faculties. To develop yourself is to develop some of these forty-two faculties with others. To deal with yourself definitely is to understand each faculty of which you are composed. To deal with your passions is to understand whence these passions spring. To deal with your de- spondencies is to understand the faculties that cause de- spondency. To deal with your fears definitely and ef- fectively is to understand the faculties from whence they come. To deal with your imagination, is to understand the sources of imagination, which may be found in ele- mental faculties. To deal with your thoughts is to under- stand the thought faculties and the faculties that stimu- late these to action. When you fully understand the exact nature of each faculty you can definitely and suc- cessfully deal with yourself. Not understanding these elemental faculties of which you are composed and the degree in which you possess these individually and rela- tively is to deal with yourself blindly, vaguely, uncer- tainly and unsuccessfully. If you are to deal with your- self in the way that results in happiness, health and suc- cess, you must deal understandingly with all the faculties that constitute you. Study the nature of each faculty. Master these elements that constitute you. Know ex- actly the causes of all of your mental moods. In this way you can begin to rectify all unhappy conditions. You can correct any defect of memory, concentration, thought, judgment, will, decision or self-reliance in the most definite and certain manner. Va u ght's Practical Character Reader. 249 A MENTAL INVENTORY. FOR THE USE OF EXAMINERS. Showing the Positive, Neutral or Negative State of Each of the Forty-Two Faculties of which One is Composed. Amativeness : Positive Neutral Negative Conjugality: Positive Neutral Negative Parental Love: Positive Neutral Negative Friendship : Positive Neutral Negative Inhabitiveness : Positive Neutral Negative Continuity : Positive Neutral Negative Vitativeness : Positive Neutral Negative Combativeness : Positive Neutral Negative Destructiveness : Positive Neutral Negative Alimentiveness : Positive Neutral Negative Acquisitiveness : Positive Neutral Negative Secretiveness : Positive Neutral Negative Cautiousness : Positive Neutral Negative Approbativeness : Positive Neutral Negative Self-esteem : Positive Neutral Negative Firmness : Positive Neutral Negative Conscientiousness : Positive Neutral Negative Hope : Positive Neutral Negative Spirituality : Positive Neutral Negative Veneration : Positive Neutral Negative 250 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Benevolence : Positive Neutral Negative Constructiveness : Positive Neutral Negative I deality : Positive Neutral Negative Sublimity: Positive Neutral Negative Imitation: Positive Neutral Negative Mirthfulness: Positive Neutral Negative Individuality: Positive Neutral Negative Form : Positive Neutral Negative Size: Positive Neutral Negative Weight : Positive Neutral Negative Color : Positive Neutral Negative Order: Positive Neutral Negative Number: Positive Neutral Negative Locality. Positive Neutral Negative Eventuality: Positive Neutral Negative Time: Positive Neutral Negative Tune: Positive Neutral Negative Language: Positive Neutral Negative My: Positive Neutral Negative Comparii Positive Neutral Negative Human Nature: Positive Neutral Negative Suavity : Positive Neutral Negative Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 251 PORTS OF ENTRY ON THE SEA OF LIFE. r Sculptor Designer Draughtsman Photographer Modeler Crayon Artist Portrait Painter Decorative Artist L Landscape Painter E Dressmaker R Tailor A Milliner R Y f Art Goods Musical Instruments Dry Goods Drugs Coal Clothing Flowers Speculation Real Estate Insurance Publishing Banking Hardware Boots and Shoes Jewelry Confectionery M Books E Lumber C Produce H Brokerage A Commission N Fancy Articles I C f School Teacher A I Music Teacher L Kindergarten Teach'r I Teacher of Elocution I Principal of Schools -{ Teacher of Art Te'r of Penmanship Medical Lecturer Teacher of Language Teacher of Literature ^Teacher of Science 'Author Editor Elocutionist Librarian Lawyer Orator Reporter i Poet Linguist Preacher I Novelist I Secretary Historian I Actor l_ Correspondent Jeweler Architect Blacksmith Cabinet Maker Contractor Machinist Printer Ship Builder Plumber Moulder - Engraver Inventor f Civil Engin-J Electrical eer | Mechanical ^Locomotive Finisher Carriage Maker Electrician Miller Carpenter L Turner ' Surveyor Naturalist Mineralogist Physician Phrenologist Chemist Assayer E J Occulist N J Surgeon Dentist Geologist Aurist Botanist Anatomist Geographer Astronomer Micfoscopist L Optician Housekeeper Statesman Collector Agent Manager Farmer Stock Raiser Manufacturer Nurseryman j Politician 1 Professional Nurse Seaman Negotiator Poultry man Superintendent Hotel Keeper Fruit Grower Detective Organizer _ Salesman I Bookkeeper I Stenographer J Clerk 1 Cashier Auditor Telegrapher 252 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. INDEX A. Affection •• • 32 Awkwardness 48 A great problem solved .... 59 Approbativeness — Back view 64 Argumentative disposition . 65 Activity 100 Acquisitiveness 100-103-170 Amativeness 97 Avarice. 103 Altruism 117 A poor money saver 117 Abbott, Rev. Lyman 121 Ambition 122 A child genius 122 Agreeableness 129 Affectation 118 Accommodating 164 Absentmindedness 146 Aristocracy 174 Aspiration 174 An intellectual wedge 198 B. Bigamy 29 Bell, Prof. A. Graham 36 Brutality 42-43 Blushing 52 Borrowing (rouble 149 Bashfulness 149 Broad heads— The character of 106-107 Beauty 130 Boastfulness 164 Bluffing 197 C. Conscientiousness 13 Q1 nit ion 19 Cooky, Judge Thomas Mc- Intyre .. 17 Crying — Another kind of. . . 25 Cruel eyes 43 Caste 52 Changeableness 64 Curiosity 71 Child nature — Specific kinds of 82 Courage 84-152 Clumsy 85 Cheerfulness 95 Conservatism . 120 Cautiousness 131 Character reading — A fun- damental system of. 137-138 Cowardice 149 Character in gesture 153 Combativeness 181 Constructiveness 180 Character in action 169 Centers of character 202 Character — The heart of . . . 9 Crying faculties *. ' 186 Credulity 206 Character in walking 211-212-213-214-215 Character in voice 222 D. Deceitfulness 11 Deceitful features 14 Deceitful ear 16 Deceitful nose 153 Dangerous elements 38 Destructive ness 39 Disagreeableness 59 Desires 100 Disposition to crow 68 Diagnose your own case . . 74-75 Domestic nature 79 Domineering disposition. . . 83 Divine— Human — Animal . 113 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 253 Defective Firmness 120 Dangerously incompetent . . 122 Danger 37-42 Don't.... 184 Dealing with yourself 246 E. Energy — All the signs of . . . 41 Energy 45 Ears 62-133 Edison, Thomas A 70-71 Executive talent 99 Eyes and Head 125-126-127 Energetic divisions of the mind 137 Eye shutters 183-184 Efficiency 181 Easily influenced 32 Elements and structure of will 200 Eye openers 185-186 Easily upset 224 Eyes 224-225 Especially watch the top- head 238 Elemental faculties de- fined 239-240-241 F. Feminine head and face ... 21 Father — A genuine 26 Father — An unreliable .... 27 Frivolity 41 Fitful 64 Flirtation 78 Five centers 78 Folly 93 Fishing — The human na- ture of 107-108 Fear 114 Forceful resistance 118 Fanaticism 145 Friendship 177 Faculties that hold the body up 182 Force of character 188 Firmness in head and face . . 230 Framework of human char- acter 233 G. Good child — How to pick out a 31 Greed 49 Gray, Elisha 69 Games . . 93 Genius 122 Gossiping 134 Gambling 153 Gullibility 157 Goodness 86-231 Get out 193 Get right at it 203 Gratitude 187 George, Henry 140 H. Honesty 10 Honesty — A standard of . . . 17 Honesty — All the signs of . . 19 Honest face 12 Honest features 15 Hospitality 13 Husband — A genuine 28 Husband — An unreliable . . 29 How to lead children 33 Howe, Julia Ward 35 Hesitation 149 Headwork 54 Humanitarianism 93 Human attraction 108-109-156-157 Heaven— Earth— Hell 112 Hunting 135 How to read the nose 144 Handiwork 145 Heads and bodies 151 How to detect a friendly person 177-178 How character outs 162 Human Goodness 160-161 Hypnotic power 34 Homesickness. 134 Holy smoke 201 Harp of forty-two strings. . 163 How some of the faculties affect the body 196 High time to be definite ... 9 How to raise hair 187 How to read the face . . . 204-205 254 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. Headwork 220 How can one be quick?. . . . 223 How much? 225 How we get rattled . 229 How some of the faculties write 216-217 I. Insincerity 16 Impressibility 31 Idiocy — Social 34 Impulsiveness 63-64 Individualism 81 Idealism 96-97 Intemperance 98 Infidelity 114 Intensity 119 Idiocv— Human 123-124 Intuition 130 Ignorance — A sign of 146 Inventive genius — The cen- ter of 180 Incredulity 170 Irritability 75 Individuality — Weak devel- opment of 197 Individuality — Strong de- velopment of 196 Instructive comparisons . . . 206 Intellectual hatchet 209-210 Instruction in locating the faculties 243-244-245 Jealousy 134 K. Keynote of a genius 190 Kindt, Gustave — Burglar and toolmaker 18 L. para 238 !" x '' 30 Love (.f mischief ?q Love of the occult 113 Looker 47 L»P a • ■ • • 'i«S5-195 Longevity 93 Latent talenl 94 Localizal i<>n 223-242 Look for faculties 232 i HI M. Masculine head and face . . 20 Masculine and feminine forms 22 Masculinity and Femininity 23 Mother — A genuine 24 Mother love 24 Mother — An unreliable .... 25 Military nature 43 Moods * 43 Materialistic 91 Minor keys or faculties .... 104 Major keys or faculties .... 105 Modesty 129 Moody,"' D. L 137 Mixed heads and faces .... 154-155-156 Musical genius 139 Marvelous .... 150 Mimicrv 227 Mental "inventory 249-250 N.. Nervousness • 51-52-216 Noses 9-80-89-221 Neatness 164 No escape 193 0. Our spiritual eyes 158-159 P. Prejudice 28 Polygamy 29 Pugnacity 37 Prof anitv 39-40 Pluck • 5.0 Press the right button 54 Pugilism 58 Personal magnetism 65 Physical charms 65 Pessimism . . '. 80 Personality — The center of 81 Psychical sensibility 90 Psychic phenomena — The center of 101 Pretension 73 Procrastination '. 131 Pointers 136 Patience 138 People whom animals love. 144 Psychological railway. .171-172 Proud character 194 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 255; Practicability 173 Pointed points about char- acter reading 220 Ports of entry on the sea of life 251 R. Reliability 199 Revenge 40-41 Rattles 64 Religiousness 68 Radicalism 102 Reticence 164 Reason 150 Representatives of indivi- dual faculties 237-238 S. Slovenliness 25 Signs of love— All the 31 Savageism 43 Sensual chin 43 Sensuality 44 Student — The thinking. ... 46 Student— The visual 47 Self-esteem 83 Stubbornness 85 Skull 87-88 Sullenness 93 Socialism 117 Selfish territory 128-178 Susceptibilitv to in- sanity 132-133 Superstition 146 Selfishness — All the signs of 159 Stevenson, Robert Louisl90-191 Secretiveness 179 Steadiness 172 Social evil, — The center of the 60-61 Suit the gesture to the fac- ulty 202 Self-esteem — Location of . . 182 Student— The auditory 195 Self-esteem — Negative .... 188 Selection of emplovees .... 225 Scale— A natural . . 234-235-236 Stockton, Frank R 189 T. Thinker a 46 Two dangerous faculties... . 77 Temperament 94 Temper 72 The Torrid Zone 110-111 The Corn Faculty 115-116 Trusts — The human nature of 128 Two outlines 129-175 Teasing 136 Trinity of traitors 141-142 Theoretical 195 Thought centers 192-193 Three principles 234 Ten selfish faculties 226 U. Underhandedness 13 Unsteadiness 135 Utility of bald heads ...... 221 V. Vanity 53-54 Vital magnetism 66 Vital magnetism — deficient 67 Veneration 86 Vital dynamo 95 Vitality 143-228 W. Which touches the line?. .55-56 Well balanced head 57 Where to look 80-226 Why some boys cannot raise a mustache Ill What makes people slow. . 124 Will— Taste— Feeling 132 Who are suspicious 138 Where the presidential bee buzzes 152 What two pictures tell. 167-168 Why Santa comes 165-166 What the forty-two facul- ties do 194 What makes one handy . . „ 1 73 Where voices come from ... 218 While asleep 219 When you get tired flopping round 225 Wavward children 226 256 Vaught's Practical Character Reader. HOME STUDY 100 LESSONS IN THE SCIENCE AND ART OF CHARACTER READING :: :: THESE LESSONS ARE SENT IN SETS OF TWENTY EVERY MONTH WITH QUESTIONS TO BE ANSWERED BY STUDENT :: :: :: :: :: Price for the 100 lessons, $25.00 Payable in installments. For further particulars address THE CHICAGO INSTITUTE OF PHRENOLOGY 315. 316 Inter Ocean Bldg., 130 Dearborn St. CHICAGO Vaught's Practical Character Reader. 257 ALL READERS OF THIS BOOK SHOULD BE READERS OF MY JOURNAL Human Faculty IN IT I DEAL WITH HUMAN NATURE IN THE MOST EXHAUSTIVE MANNER All human questions analyzed. INVALUABLE to every student of human nature. Don't miss it $1.00 per year. ioc a copy. L. A. VAUGHT PUBLISHER 130 Dearborn Street :: :: CHICAGO, ILL, 0- * ^ ^ <"v <\ •\ <\ ,** . o J«^% ** jP-n^ > ^ * ^ ^ v v **' c\ vr ^0* & ,. o « « „ <£ ^ .0 ^ ~o ■%/X^w;-" b - ' y \ : Jlf * / \ : Hi : ^% 003BSBR0S. .^ V <£• ST. AUGUSTINE FLA. 32084