E207 .P9C3 °^ . -^V^: A '%. '" V,£ii'"--'%^ '") ^; m ^ " .6^ vV' ^•'. •^ . . 5 /> o o -"' :mM ^°-^^. 4. - .^ W: '^ .licatio/i. Edward J. Wright, Dr. F. N. Holly. A. A. Marks, E. A. Knapp, Lyman Mead, George S. Ray, H. H. McFarland, Dr. Sylvester Mead, Jabez Mead, WiUard H. Mead, S. AF. Mead. M. Stuail Cann, W. L. Ferris. Wm. R. Talbot, Nelson B. Mead, R. Jay Walsh, P. W. Holmes, Proceedings of the Day. The procession haviiif^- been I'ornied on Putnam Avenue, be- low the Lenox House, moved at a])out noon in the following order : Sheriff Aaron Saufurd. and Deputy Sheriffs John Dayton and <). Bartrani. Wheeler it Wilson Band, of Bridgeport. Grrand Marshal Edward J. Wright. Aids H. F. June, James L. Marshall, M. D. and J. V. Close, mounted. Veterans of the Mexican War, Prof. Wm. G. Peck, Prof. J. H. VauAmaringe and Justice Philip N. Jackson. Veterans of the War of the EebeUion, Wm. H. Bailey. Marshal. Greenwich Light Guard, Co. F., Fourth Regiment, C. N. G. — Capt. F. D. Knapp, commanding. Putnam Phalanx, of Hartford, commanded by Major F. M. Brown, mounted, and Capts. Dowd and Case. Distinguished Invited Guests in Carnages, accomijanied by Members of the Reception Committee: First Carnage, A. Foster Higgins, Esq. , President of the Day, with Hon. Gideon Hollister, Orator. Col. S. B. Sumner. Poet: and Col. H. W^ R. Hoyt, Historian. /Seco/id Vari'iage. John Voorhis, Esq., Vice-President of the Day, with Gen. Joseph R. Haw- ley: Ex-Gov. Marshall Jewell: and State Treasurer, Hon. Tal- madge Baker. Third Carriage, Frank Shepard. Esq. , Vice-President of the Day, with Hon. W. H. Putnam, of Brooklyn, Conn., great-grandson of Gen. Israel Putnam, and Mem- ber of the House of Representatives of Connecticut; Jedediah Pendergrast Merritt, Esq., of St. Catherines, Canada, grand- son of Thos. Merritt, the Tory, who chased Gen. Put- nam to the brow of the Hill; and Hon. Oliver Hoyt, of Stamford, Senator of the Twelfth District, Con- necticut. Fourth Carriage. Col. Vincent Colyer, of Darien: Hon. Dwight L. Williams, of Hartland; Hon. R. H. Rowan, of Norwalk; and Hon. Lyman Mead, of Greenwich, Members of the Connecticut House of Representatives. Fifth Carriage, Edmund Wilkinson, Esq., Vice-President of the Day, with Hon. Wm. E. Raymond, of New Canaan, Ex-State. Treasurer; Lieut-Col. J. N. Bacon. Second Regiment. C. N. G., and Ex- Sheriff Geo. W. Lewis, of Bridgeport. Fiixth Carriage. Rolomon Mead, Esq. , Vice-President of the Day, with S. A. Hubbard. Esq. and Capt, John C. Kinney, of the Hartford Courant; and Hon. Benjamin Wright, of Greenwich, Member of the House of Representatives. SeTcnth Carriage, L. P. Hubbard, Esq. , of the Reception Committee: with Ex-Representative Bacon, of Middletown; Rev. S. B. S. Bissell, of Norwalk; and Rev. C. E. Glover, of New York. Eighth Carriage, Thomas Ritch, of the Reception Committee; with Charles A. Hawley, Esq. President of the Stamford National Bank; Rev. Dr. Rogers, of Stamford: and Rev. Matthew Hale Smith. Ninth Carriage, Matthew Merritt. Esq., of the Reception Committee; with John P. Hollis- ter, Esq., of Litchfield; Henry W. Lyon. Esq., of Westport: and Hamilton W. Mabie, Esq. , President of the Press Committee. Tenth. Carriage, M. Stuart Cann, of the Press Committee; with Mr. Warren H. Burr, of the Hartford Times. Mr. N. A. Tanner; of the New Haven Palla- dium; and Mr. Wm. A. Countryman, of the Neir Haven Register. Eleventh ('arn'a^'e, ^Ir. K. J. Walsh, of the Press Committee; with Hon. John D. Candee, of the Brir'r/eport Standard: and Mr. Kobert E. Day, of the New Haven Union. Tirelfth Varriar/e, Mr. George E. Scofield, of the Press Committee; with Mr. Frederick Pen- field, of the Hartford, Evening I'oxt and the Boston (ilobe; Mr. Joseph Ells, of the Norwalk Gazette; Mr. Henry W. Vail, of the Shore Line Times, of New Haven: and Mr. Edward Z. Lewis, of the New VorkSnii. Thirteenth Carriage. Mr. Frederick A. Hubbard, of the Press Committee; with Mr. Lawrence A. Kane, of the New York Timeis; Mr. Wm. W. Gillespie, of the Stamford Advocate; Mr. M. H. Babcock, of the New York World; Mr. J. Meads Warren, of the Stamford Her- ald; and Mr. Wm. M. Keeler, of the (-Ireenirich Oh.serrrr. Chief Engineer James W. Finley, and Assistants: of the Port Chester Fn^e Department. Putnam Engine Company — W. S. Chapin, Foreman. Putnam Hose Company — James H. Merritt, Foreman. Judge of Probate, Town Clerk, Selectmen, and other Otticcrs of the Town of Greenwich. "Warden and Burgesses of the Boi-ough of (rrecnw ich. Citizens. After pabsiug along Putuum avenue, and ai-uund Putnam Hill, the procession returned to the Sec(jnd Congregational Church. The assemblage having been called to order by A. Foster Higgins, Esq., President of the Day, prayer was oflered by Rev Charles R. Treat. Mr. Higgins then made the follow- ins: address of welcome: Address of Welcome. Friends and Felloir-Citizens, Ladies and Gentlemen: — It is my pleasing duty to welcome you on this anniversai-y of the natal day of our great and revered Washington, which we desire fitly to commemorate, and also at the same time to embrace in our celebration a suitable recognition of this being the Centennial of the celebrated events particularly connected with this our State of Connecticut, and its gallant son, second onl}' to the Father of his Country in position, and surpassed by none in noble, self-denying, self-sacrificing patri- otism — Ma.t. Gex. Israel Pittnam. Before proceeding to our exercises, I hope you will pardon me if I say a word as to the spirit with which we should ap- proach and participate in these proceedings. Our Government h.as wisel}- ordered that certain days shall be set aside as holy days — days in which all secular pursuits are to be susjiended, and the thoughts directed, as far as possible, to a definite object. These days are great with some momentous event of the past, and themselves force each its ob- ject upon our view and consideration. The one to-day is the birth of that great and good man, to whom in so great a degree we owe our national existence and life. It Avill be sufficiently interesting to rivet your attention, to listen to the story and in- cidents which in connection with him land ^our great General, the eloquent^historian will weave into the web of his oration, and to the burning Avords of the poet, who will carry these topics into the transporting and elevating realms of fancy ; but these will all be but as a man observing his face in the glass, or the evan- 10 escent dews of the morning, unless each one of us shall endea- vor to draw from these narratives and words the lessons thej' are calculated and intended to impress. They are the love of our country — the veneration and grateful remembrance of those noble beings who, Christlike, gave up their social welfare and individual comforts, and underwent toil, care and privation for us, our children and future generations ; and the earnest, heartfelt and intensified resolution that ice will/oreivir preserve and perpetuate in its purity, our sanctified inheritance of so- cial, political and religious freedom. Alas, our days are too tilled with low and grovelling j^ursuits ! Let us for once — for this day at least — lift up our hearts to loftier themes and pur- poses ; bind down our wandering thoughts to self-examination, and ask ourselves, are we doing our duty to our country ? and determine that at least this day we will be wholly patriots. We learn from the records of those who then lived, that im- mediately succeeding the Declaration of Independence our loy- al State displayed a new standard, one side of which, in letters of gold, was "An Appeal to Heaven ;" on the other, the armo- rial bearings of Connecticut, which, without supporters or crest, consisted of three vines, signiticaut of Knowledge, Liberty and Religion, with the motto, ''(Jul TraiiKtuht Strsti/wt" — "He who Tran.splauted, Sustains ;" thus indicating the contidence of our forefathers in the protection of heaven. This same trust in God was evinced by one and all during all these trying days. Let us now lift up our hearts to that sauje Divine Being who has so greatly enlarged to us the blessings of which He gave to them but the promise and anticipation. Prayer Rev. ('. R. Treat, the chaplain, then read IVoni the Book of Exodus an appropriate ]iortion of the Seri]itures, and olYered the following prayer : Almighty and Everlasting God, Creator, Preserver and (iov- ernor of men, we give thanks to Thee, that, when Thou crea- ted man, Thou didst endow him with liberty ; that Thou didst plant in him the love of liberty ; and that, when unjustly de- prived of liberty. Thou hast been ready with Thy gracious help that he might regain it. We give thanks to Thee that, in the course of human history, Thou hast been leading Thy children into larger and truer liberty, and that Thou hast been pleased to place us, the people of this favored land, ui3on the high plane of a free, enlightened, Christian civilization. We give thanks to Thee, especially at this time, that Thou didst inspire our fathers with such love of liberty, liberty of speech and ac- tion, and liberty of religious faith and worship, so that they were willing to suffer shame, exile and privation that these priceless privileges might be theirs. A\'e thank Thee that Thou didst preserve them from the perils of the sea, the inclement season, and the sterile shore ; and that, in the latter time of trial to which our thoughts are turned to-day, Thou didst sus- tain those that then were dwelling here, in their acts of right- eous remonstrance and rebellion, and grant that their cause should triumph. We bless Thee, O (lod, we magnify Thy great and holy name, for the share that Thou hast had in all these great transactioi^.s, and for the rich inheritance which Thou hast permitted to be bequeathed to us ; and while we 12 honor him who was the hero in the event we celebrate to-day; while we honor all who were the heroes of that day and time, unto Thee we give the greater honor, as is Thy due. And now, O God, we beseech Thee, as we gather here, let Thy blessings be upon us. Let nothing be said or done that shall be contrary to Thy holy will. Let the eyes of all be opened that we may see not only the human actors in the scenes of that distant day, but also discern the presence and the part that Thou were pleased to take. Let the hearts of all be filled with reverence, and love and gratitude for what Thou then didst do. We beseech Thee, also, that Thou wilt help us to rightly val- ue the great benefits we have received, and the great responsi- bilities that come with them, and as we recall the price with which our privileges were purchased, be ready to pay the price that shall be required of us that they may be preserved. As our fathers were faithful in their time of trial, so help us to be faithful when the time of trial comes to us, and, in peace or war, to shrink from no sacrifice that may save our nation's life or liberty. Grant, we beseech Thee, that this may be to us a holy hour, in which we may hear the heroes of the past appeal- ing to us, in which this heroic spirit shall take possession of us and make us noble, high-minded men, like unto them. This we ask in the name of Thy beloved Son, our Savior, Jesus Christ. Amen. Historical Address. Col. H. W. K. Hovt, was then introduced and delivered the following Historical Address: Mr. President, Ladies and Oentle-nien : — In a quiet graveyard in the town of Brooklyn, in this state, Isi'ael Putnam has long rested from his labors. Through storm and sunshine, for nearly ninety years the worn and wearied body of the old hero has slept in its well-earned repose. Almost a century, tilled with historic deeds, and brilliant with the an- nals of great events, has gone by, since he was gathered to his fathers, but his fame has not been lessened, and the halo that surrounds his name has become brighter with the lapse of time. To-day the state of his adoption, through her legislature and voluntary organizations, and adjoining states, through their rep- resentatives, have risen up to do honor to his memory. Hia tiery courage, his generous qualities, his jjatriotic zeal and his important services, have made him a most prominent figure among the heroes of those days in which, amid the thunder of cannon and the tread of contending armies, the foundations of a great nation were established. His nature and education had w^ell-titted him for leadership, in that time of turmoil and achievement. His experience m the French and Indian wars, and the estimation in which he was held by the authorities, had given him a high position in the military forces of the state ; and when at Cambridge in 1775, Washington assumed command of the revolutionary army, bringing with him the commissions of the four major generals, issued by the Continental Congress. Putnam's alone was delivered, in consequence of a want of con- 14 fidence in those upon wliom the others weie to have been con- ferred. The incidents of his whole life are tinged with romance. He was familiar with peril from his early youth, and had he lived in the da^'S of mythology, the popular fancy would have invested him with all the attributes and endowments, which were bestowed upon the ancient divinities. The exploit of General Putnam, which we now commemorate, occurred at a jDeriod of deep gloom and depression in the course of the struggle for independence. The spirit of the colonists Avas unconquerable ; the lires of their patriotism were un. quenched, but their government was a rope of sand. There seemed to be no power in the Continental Congress to enforce its recommendations and resolutions, or to provide for the supplies and payment of the troops. The value of the Continental is- sues had become greatly depreciated. The masses of the jaeo- ple were enduring hardship and privation Avith patience and resolution. Occasional discontent manifested itself, and mutter ings Avere heard among the soldiery, but their faith Avas unfalt- ering ; their determination unflinching, and although Avith- out pay, and partially Avithont forxl, tliey remained steadfast to the good cause. The headquarters of the army for that winter, Avere at Mid- dlebrook, on the Karitan River, in New Jersey. The battle line extended from the Delaware northerly along the Highlands to West Point, and tlien turning eastward folloAved the Connec- ticut shore as far as Stonington. In the fall campaign. Savan- nah had been cajjtured by the enemy, and the province of Georgia was under the dominion of tlie British. Above the island of New York, and a portion of Long Island, floated the banner of St. George, and foreign sentinels paced their beats from the Hudson to the East River. The British General Pig- ot commanded in Rhode Island ; but with these exceptions, the Atlantic coast Avas in the possession of the patriots. Sir Henry Clinton held supreme command of the British forces, and from his headquarters in New York city, caused frequent predatory excursions to be made up the fertile valley of the 15 Bronx ; along the range of hills that forms the backbone of Westchester Count}-, and from point to point along the shores of Long Island and Connecticut. In 1778 General Putnam had been relieved from duty in the Highlands, and was afterwards assigned to the command of the forces in Connecticut. He had the two brigades of the Con- necticut line, one brigade of New Hampshire troops, (Jol. Ha- zen's regiment of infantry, and one of the four regiments of cavalry commanded by Col. Sheldon. His headquarters were at Reading, in this county, about six miles southerly from Dan- bury. From this point he supervised the military operations in this State, and maintained connection Avith the Continental forces on the Hudson. Detachments were stationed at advan- tageous places, one of his most important outposts being loca- ted in this vicinity. The territory from Kingsbridge to Green- wich was known as the Debatable (Ground, and for the people within its limits there was nothing but anxiety and danger. Living along the border of the disputed territory, the people of Greenwich were in a most deplorable condition. ]Many of her sons were in the military service. Of those who were at home, a large proportion were openly avowed Loyalists, and a third class, who were living under the protection of British permits, secretly gave information and furnished supplies to the enemy. It was a winter of unusual severity. With but few exceptions the peo2)le were weighed down by poverty. CoM and hunger were their daily companions, and the most rigid economy was scarcely sufficient to supply them with the scan- tiest means for supporting life. The depreciation of the Con- tinental currency ; the severe taxation that had been resorted to to enable the State to pay the proportion of the public debt, and the expenses of the general government that had been as- signed to her, and the uncertain tenure of life and property, had destroyed all enterprise and rendered business undertak- ings impossible. Men moved aljout in fear and trepidation. Their hiding-places were in the fields and woods. No one knew tlie moment when a bullet froui a concealed eneniv might 16 strike him clown. Families were divided against each other; so- cial ties were disrupted; oil friends and neighbors regarded each other with hatred and distrust. The physical appearance of the town has besn greatly chang- ed. The stately mansions that now adorn the street along which Putnam rode in 1779, were then represented by the quaint dwellings of that early day, with gable ends and long, low- slanting roofs. Just beyond the foot of the precipice noAv known as Putnam Hill, then stood the residence of General Ebenezer Mead, who was a prominent member of the Committee of Safe- ty, and a soldier in the Connecticut service. On the summit of the hill, north of the old Episcopal church, was the residence of Jabez Fitch. The church itself was a plain frame building without walls, with the rafters showing overhead ; and was so frail a structure that it was unable to withstand the force of the gale by which it was destroyed in 1821. The rear of the build- ing stood a few feet from the brow of the hill. The main coun- try road, as it was then called, led through the village to a point near the edge of the precipice, and then ran northerly for some three hundred feet. At the latter point it turned sharply to the south, and, hugging the side of the hill beneath the rocks that froAvned above it, descended with a steep inclination to a point about eighty feet south of the present causew-ay. Then, bend- ing again to the east it trended off in the direction of Stamford. Xortherly and westerly of the church, across the point where the passage-way has since been blasted through the rocks, the ground was level and unbroken. South of the church edifice was the grave-yard, in which to-day are seen a few^ lonely and deserted relics of the past. From the rear of the church, across land now owned by Rev. B. M. Yarrington, a fence ran easterly down the hill along the southerly margin of the old road. Be- tween the carriage path and the fence, rough and untrimmed stones had been placed from time to time, forming an irregular stairway up the hill. The face of the precipice was covered with a growth of bushes. "Westerly from the summit of the hill, and opposite the present rectory of the Episcopal church- 17 was the old tavern kejot at that time by Israel KnaiDp. The or- iginal building is still in existence, and is owned by J. Frederick Holmes, the stone Aving having been constructed since the pe- riod of Avhich I now speak. Still further toward the village, stood an old house on the northwest corner of the present homestead of A. Foster Higgins, and on the lot now occupied by the Greenwich Academ}', was the residence of Moses Husted. At this house the American guards were frequently quartered. Just easterly of the church in which we are now assembled, stood the house of Daniel Smith, which was burned by Tryon, and on the lot across the street opposite the old Town Hall, had been erected another building, the property of Jared Mead. His residence stood near the present homestead of Frederick Mead. Angell Husted 2nd, owned a house on the land now oc- cu]>ied by the Congregational cemetery. Between that build- ing and this church edifice, the house of worship of the Second C'ongregatioJial Society — in dimensions thirty-five by fifty feet — had been standing since 1730. Captain John Hobby kept a public house on the property now owned by Professor William (t. Peck. Clemence Hobby lived on the site of the Greenwich Savings Bank. Anotlier house was situated on the ground now- occupied by the Lenox House, and from that point to Rocky Neck, on the Sound, there was not a building in existence. Op- posite the Lenox House was a building then kept as a tavern which is still standing, and is occupied by John H. Sniifen. On the property of Jacob T. Weed, stood another dwelling, and near the residence of Capt. J. G. Mead, was a dwelling house that has been destroyed within the past fifteen years. On the brow of the hill, on the ground now occupied by the home- stead of Col. Thomas A. Mead, stood another house, then owned by Col. Richard Mead. In i:)lace of the magnificent row of trees that now line Putnam Avenue, there stood three ballwood trees, two of which still remain. One of them is on the ground of Col. Thomas A. Mead, the other stands in front of the resi- dence of the late Peter Acker, and the third stood near the dividing line between tlie grounds of Luther P. Hubbard and Professor William G. Peck. 18 The 26th day of Februarj, 1779, is memorable in the annals of Greenwich. Guided by the records and traditions that ex- ist; by the statements of eye-witnesses that have been handed down from generation to generation, we are able to put forth our hands into the shadows of the past, and rescue from oblivi- on the true story of the incidents of that day tiiat stirs the blood at the bare recital. As to a few minor details of Putnam's ex- ploit there may be room for dispute, but the main fact is be- yond question. The morning broke cold and dreary. A feel- ing of uneasiness and uncertain apprehension had gained a place in the community. Down toward the British lines there was a movement among the soldiery. Out of that region of si- lence and desolation that intervened, came the sound of march- ing battalions, and the clatter of squadrons of horsemen. Their l^urpose and destination were unknoAvn, but to the people of Greenwich, accustomed to alarm, these signs were ominous of danger. The official records show that on the evening of Feb- ruary 25th, 1779, a marauding expedition started from Kings- bridge, commanded by Major Geneial Tryon, the Tory gover- nor of New York. His force consisted of about fifteen hun- dred men composed of British and Hessian troops, and two regiments of Tories. At New llochelle they Avere met by a small body of Continental skirmishers, commanded by Captain Titus AVatson, who had been sent forward to reconnoi- ter. This company- at once retreated, but near Milton, in the town of Rye, was overtaken and attacked. Their force became divided. A number of them were killed. A portion of the company concealed themselves in the swamps, and the remain- der made their escape along the highway to the Byram river, which they reached in time to destroy the bridge, before they were overtaken by their j^ursuers. Over the hills at full gallop rode Captain Watson and his companions, to give warning to the few troops then in Greenwich. Col. Holdridge, of Hartford County, was in command of the outpost. Gen. Putnam had ar- rived but a few days previous, to obtain information as to the nnlitary situation, and was then in the village. At this point" 19 occurs the first discrepancy in the traditions of that day, but the prevailing current of authority seems to indicate that his quarters at that time were at the public house kept by Israel Knapp, which was known in later years as the Tracy place- The enemy reached Greenwich at about 9 o'clock on the morn- ing of the 26th. The small body of Americans were posted across the road on the eminence south of the Congregational church. They had two small cannon without horses or drag- ropes. A portion of them were deployed as skirmishers on either flank, leaving but about sixty men to hold this position. A contest here would have been madness. They had no cav- alry. The enemy outnumbered them ten to one. The guns were tired upon the advancing column, and then the order was given for retreat. In the van of Tryons forces rode Delancey's corps, com- posed of Tories from Westchester County, who had enrolled themselves beneath the royal banners, and were the most Bit- ter and malignant enemies of the patriots. At the approach of this body, charging at a gallop, the few Continentals withdrew from the field, and Putnam started on his horse for Stamford to obtain reinforcements. Along the frozen highway ring the steel-shod hoofs of the Continental charger. Thundering on in swift pursuit, ride the enemy's dragoons. The unexpected prize is almost within their grasp. Every nerve is strained to its utmost tension. The rowels are driven deep into the flanks of their steeds. Their steel flashes in the sunlight ; their scab- bards clank loudly in the frosty air. Each man, ambitious of the glory of being the captor, of so distinguished an officer in the rebel service, leans forward in his saddle, as though to lessen the distance between himself and the flying horseman. Nearer and nearer to the old hero come the jiursuers. Only a moment more and the mad chase will be ended, and the Am- erican general will be a ]Drisoner in the hands of his enemies?. But by this time, the brow of the hill is reached, and the bold rider, to whom fear is unknown, who in his life time has beard- ed the wild beasts of the forest in their den ; who, in the line 20 of duty has faced grim death a huiiv^red times with unquail- ing eye, spurs his horse right onward across the precipice, and amid a volley of bullets from his bailed pursuers, takes his . leap into history". Here again the local traditions do not entirely agree. There were eye witnesses to Putnam's ride, both among the citizens of Greenwich, and the troojDS under his command. All the tra- ditions concur as to the spot at which he reached the foot of the hill, but the jDlace at Avhich he began his descent, and the precise course he took are involved in some obscurity. OiMl story is that leaving the highway, he turned slightly to his right, and passing closely by the northeast corner of the church, rode near or directly down the steps. The other story places his point of divergence from the highway about one hundred feet north of the church, gives him a southeast course, and maifes him strike the steps about one-third of the distance from the foot of the hill. Both accounts are based on statements made originally by those who witnessed the occurrence, but which have been forgotten or misunderstood in the course of frequent repetition. One thing, however, is certain? whatever may have been his starting point, he performed a deed wliich the rough riders who followed him dared not emulate ; which is woi'thy of historic mention, and is a glorious exploit for com- memoration. It is not my jjurpose to describe the events of tliat day of terror in Greenwich. The British forces scattered through the town and spent the time in spoj^ition and debauchery. Insult and cruelty, robbery and murder, characterized their doings. The wanton destruction of provisions and property of every kind proved their hatred and malignity. A detachment went to the Mianus River and burned the salt works, a store, a schoon- er, and a sloop. At nightfall the order to return was given. Reinforcements had arrived, and the Americans followed the retreating enemy, blazing upon their flanks and rear, taking prisoners, recapturing the plunder they had stolen, and turning the invasion of the British into a substantial victorv. 21 Thus, briefly, I have peifonned the duty that has beeu im- posed uiDon me, which has beeu simply to narrate the local his- tory and traditions, as they have reached us. Tlie eloquent historian of Connecticut who is now to follow me will fitly pro- tray the character of Putnam, and vividly describe the stormy period in which he lived and labored. In later days when the existence of the nation, whose foundations Putnam helped to lay, was endangered, the old spirit of the revolution was again aroused, and deeds were done by tlie sons of Connecticut that were worthy of their fathers. For the land of Putnam and hia compatriots is to-day the land of Lyon, Foote and Sedgwick. It is the land of Hawley and of Tei-ry ; it is the land from whose farms and homesteads went forth fifty-four thousand patriots whose names are unmentioned except upon the m-uster rolls, but without whose fidelity and valor Lyon and Sedgwick and Hawley and Terry would have been as nothing. It is the land that in these days, as in the days of the Revolution, spared not of her substance or her blood, but sent forth her bravest and noblest for the maintenance of Union and of Liberty. And in the days that are yet before us,- if our fair inheritance shall again become endangered ; if Liberty or Law shall be again as- sailed, doubt not that her sons, inspired by the example of their fathers, will again place themselves in the front rank of the peril, and above their heads the tri-vined flag of Connecticut, and the starry banner of the Union, side by side, shall be the objects of their love, their fealjfty and devotion. The Poem. At the conclusion of the Historical Address, Col. Samuel B. Sumner, of Bridgeport, read the following Poem: 1 seem to hear the song I caunot sing: I see the picture I despah- to Hmu; Coy melodies cajole the harp I bring; The canvas glows not. and its hues are dim I O for a spark of the Promethian Ih'e I The voice and phase most aptly to jjortray The sentiments which everj' heart inspire, The memories of this Centennial day 1 Let words, however tame, become at least As seed on welcome soil at random strowu, Which by responsive zeal may be increased, — Each bud unfolding blossoms of its own. What is our earth withoi;t its monuments 'i The thoughts and actions that survive their day ? What is tlieiiast bat the aligned events — Receding mile-stones over life's highway ? Ever the generations touch and go ; Ever the river rolls its mighty tide : Each drop is inconspicuous in its ilow : Crevasses on its banks alone abide. What throngs are these that visit tlie old world '.- Pilgrims throughout the elder hemisphere '; Why go they, but to witness there unfurled The bannei's whose insignia are not here ? 23 A nation's history is its estate. Its record is its catalogue of men. So tested only, is it base or great, And worth or nnworth the historic per;. Not ours, pei'haps, competiugly, to stand So soon beside the immemorial Past ; But one brief century with tnisting hand Into the balances of Time we cast. One century I Tell me, in every sphere, — In peace, in war, in thought, in word, in deed, May not Columbia challenge the strict seer, And justly claim her honoral)le meed ? .V hundred years I Within that breath of time : On this new soil, may we not dare. to say. Some proiid achieA^ements and some thoughts sublime. Have had their birth, and shall defy decay ? O surely, if we read aright the pages Impartial history hath wide outspread. The last have added to preceding ages Their righteous quotas of the deathless dead. .\nd o'er this vast and virgin teiTJtory, Have risen and do yet appeal to rise. The monuments of such abiding glory As wakes the nations to a strange surprise. A hundred years 1 fJo back thatsjiace of time : No enterprise woke here the solitude ; No rail or wire made instant distant clime : No palaces supplanted cabins nide. All things along this new-discovered coast, Were primitive as primitive could be ; Affairs were unconceived which now we boast. And tell us, whoso can, O where were we? A hundred yeai's 1 A hundred years to come — The forms here circumstant, resolved to clay — Mayhap may spring fi'om hearts and lips of some The thoughts we feel, the wordt, we speak to-day I 24 But tune the measure into themes the moments here command, And note the memories that surround the spot where now we stand ; The verj' spot, where school books tell, a centurj' to-day. Old Putnam did his bravest deed -and bravely ran away 1 i'ou understand the paradox ; I seem to see him now Array his doughty phalanx there, on Horseueck's cliffy brow. I hear the saucy cannonade : " Now to the swamp," cries he, — " ; Where hoof of horseman cannot come. Leave what betides to me ! His men ia safety, there he sits, his faithful steed astride. Provoker of a hundi'ed deaths ; Valor personified I The man of three score earnest years, outUned on Horseueck's brow. A living statue for all time ; — ah. yes : I see him now I On in the flush of victory, dash forward Tyron's van. With fifteen hundred stout dragoons, to capture one brave man I The hero wheels ; one thought, one plunge, sheer to the vale beneath- " Great God I" shriek the astounded foe — " he leaps unto his death !" Now thick and fast as leaden rain, the murderous laolts are s})ed ; They vainly pierce the old cocked hat, but spare the tough old head : Sure-footed steed ; brave-hearted man ; together safe at last : Well done, tremendous deed I thank God ! the crisis hour is past 1 [Asupercillious Johnny Bull - the story goes — one day A visit paid to Horseneck Hill, the lorun to survey. He turned iipon his heel and said, ' ' For all that he espied. He didn't see that 'Putnam's leap' was such a daring ride." A Yankee heard the cool remark, and with a Yankee's wont. To always have a ready word to answer an affront, Inquired : " When Gin'ral Putnam rid deown that ere holler. Of all your fifteen hundi'ed men. why didn't mmr one follcr ?" Some late wool-gatherer, we note, has found his printer now. And seeks in covert way to pluck a leaf from Putnam's brow. Forgive the mention'; let him in his native lair remain. With that fictitious wolf, by mythical Israel Putnam slain. | Arrived at Stamford. •' Put." calls out the hom(> niihtia band. So re-infoi-cod, rejoins his own. and re-assumes command : And as a curious sequel, we behold the hero then Pursuing Tyron in retreat, and capturing his men '. 25 Brief stoiy this ; brief page in all that chronicle of deeds, AVhich hnked ^ith Putnam's name, the whole world wonders as it reads. Here, there, and everywhere, the same intrepid wamor still — Crown Point ; Ticonderoga ; Highlands : Horseneck ; Bunker Hill ! Snch were the men who fought in revolutionary daj\s. Whose glowing names must aye invoke the tribute of our praise. AVell know we, later times have shown their valor has descended. Unroll the scroll ; enlarge the roll ; keep all the glories blended ! Oh, ours is wealth of nol)ie graves ; but nobler thei'e is none Than that where Putnam's form was laid, when hfe's career war. done. Upon his monument arc writ, in phrase nor false nor hollow, Sufficing word : '•He dared to lead where any dared to follow." Who knows but that the jiivot point of all the war was there, When Putnam plucked the flower success from nettle of despair ? Who knows but that the very deed all other deeds, to crown. Was here enacted, after all, in this historic town ! When LaFayettc, as nation's guest, came hither, o'er the sea, Once more to greet the land he helped to 'stabhsh and to free ; Not unforgot, he sought this spot, and little girls, they saj', Strewed flowers bcfoi'c him, and he wept, and they all wept that daj' ! 1 tell you, men and women of this proud, this loj'al town ; With all its pi-ide its highest claim to glory and renown. Its simple plea for world-wide fame — gainsay it whoso will — Is this, that Ikrakl Pi;tnaji once dashed down yon rock-ribbed hill I May I not linger to suggest, nay, almost to imjilore ; — As everlasting sentinel on this conspici;ous shore. Equestrian statue of " Old Put," as we recall him now, In granite and enduring In-onzc place j-c on Horseneck's brow I Make broad the field of view, so every train that whizzes yonder, Shall carry hence in patriot breasts a patriotism fonder ; And with their errands to and fro, convey the grand old storj', And unto Piitnaai and to you ascribe the praise and glory I The Oration. The President then introduced the orator of the day, Hon. Gideon H. HolHster. of Litchtield, who deHvered the following- oration : Friends and Fellow-Citizens, Ladies and Gentlemen : — The day selected for this meeting presents two central figures for our contemplation of quite different outline, but oft'ering some points of resemblance. The one is of that historical cast which idealists had for ages figured to themselves in poems> paintings and sculptures; but which had not before been wrought into a fleshly mold — a chevalier statesman whose ambition never outstripped his virtue, and who, without theories, was the em- bodiment of all that theorists had dreamed ; of nobility in thinking and feeling, of simplicity in planning and doing. The other is a type of the common people, eager, impetuous, work- ing out the problems of life as if unconsciously, and by the im- pulsion of an invisble hand. As these two personages were designed to fill different spheres, and that no time might be wasted by them in adjusting themselves, their orbits were' pre- scribed by nature. They were born to what they were to be. The one was stately, self-poised, formed to rule Ijy self-ruling. The other thought and executed as if by one stroke, so that the very firstlings of his heart might be truly said to be the first- lings of his hand. Something of the pomp of English manorial life wrought itself into the fibre of the one ; the cheery fellow- ship and manly equality of rural toil, quickened the sympa- thies and solidified the manhood of the other. Neither of them was much indebted to book-culture. No academic groves, no 27 f'loistered arches sheltefed their years of developmeni ; no Castalian fountain slacked their thirst, no Arcadian visions ex- alted their young dreams. The eni|)loyments of planting and surveying occupied the one ; the other held the plow, fought the wolf from his sheep fold, and felled the forest trees to make a clearing for his maize and rye. Both were unrivaled in ath- letic sports, both were strangers to fear and to falsehood, both in early life iDrej^ared themselves for the arena of manhood by the struggles of border warfare with savages untamable as the beasts of ]n-ey that prowled in the woods. A detailed account of the camjiaigns of the French and In- diaii wars in which Putnam was so conspicuous, would lead us beyond the limits of this address. At the beginning of these wars he was thirty-seven years old, and without military expe- rience. Yet such was the confidence reposed in him tliat he at once received a captain's commission in the provincial regiment under command of (len. Lyman, and soon found his company tilled with hardy young men who were eager to follow him. This company was so often detailed for sjiecial service that it 11- nally passed under the name of Putnam's Rangers. He was very fond of tills irregular mode of warfare, and his genius was well suited to it. The discipline of camp life was too confining for him. His fertile mind needed to work out its own plans, whether in reconnoitering, in cutting oft' supplies, in demolishing bar- racks and boats, in surprising and bringing in scouts, or hiding in woods and swamps, and out-laying detached portions of the enemy. The Indians were chiefly allied to the Fi-ench. These wild creatures lurked in all secret places from Albany to the head waters of the St, Lawrence and the MississipiDi. Like wolves they prowled along lake borders and river banks, and committed their depredations under cover of darkness. The approaches of a regular army were too slow to overtake them, too easily anticipated to surprise them. British discipline was wasted upon such antagonists. It was necessary to hunt them as they hunted white men ; to skulk, to hover on the skirts of woods, to haunt the defiles of mountains, to bui'n, to extermi- 28 nate. Precedent went for nothing in this contest. It called for original sources always at command, sagacity, suspicion, sleeplessness, celerity of movement, silence, keenness of obser- vation, disregard of personal comfort, and the utmost stretch of endurance. In all these requisites Piitnaiu's faculties were whetted to the sharpness of instinct. He loved these desultory ways with a passion intensified 1)V danger. Difficulties that discouraged other men stimulated him, temporary failure quickened him, success beckoned him on to other successes. In these enterprises he had a singular control over his men on account of his unselfishness, his courage, and his truthfuhiess. Whatever he said was taken for verity. It was in the cam- paign of 1755, which resulted in the fall of Baron Dieskau, that he saved the life of Chaplain Rogers, by an act of gallantry that was requited with disingenuousness and Jreachery. The campaign of 175(), resulting in tlie disasters of Oswego and Fort George, added new laurels to Putnam ; and at the beginning of that of 1757, he was promoted to be a major. The incompetency of the Bi'itish (lenerals Loudoun and Webb has rendered this campaign but too well known in our annals. Had the command been entrusted to Putnam, the fate of the garri- son .at Fort William Heni'y would have been different. The next year, under the administration of William Pitt, Loudoun was superseded by Abercrombie, whose blunders fill so many pages of the history of that yeai'. The details of these several campaign.s, from 1755 to 1701, and the particulars of that sad expedition against Havana, lie beyond our limits. The Count de Paris, in his keen analysis of the recent civil war in the United States, has devoted a large space to the old Colonial wars, regarding them as a school of jireparation in which the people of both the Northern and Southern States received that peculiar training and martial bia-4 which enabled them success- fully to cope with England in the Revolutionary War, and which, during the succeeding century, confirmed certain sol- dierly habitudes exhibited b}' no other people. The genius of these wars had for four generations been working in the blood 29 of a common raop, witli qualifying- differenees in the two sec- tions of the republics, until it l)i'oke out at Manasses and in the Wilderness, and culminated in the surrender of Lee, at Kich- mond. A citizen soldiery made up of freeholders, l)red to the arts of peace, Avhose culture had made them averse to war, and who had resorted to it voluntarily, not for national and person- al aggrandizement, but for the ])rotection of life and liberty, and the defense of their lands, who took up the sword and laid it ])y with equal zeal and conscientiousness — presented such a contrast to the mercenaries of Europe, that the dif- ference could only be S3en when it had b.-^en wf)rked out in re- sults. This citizen soldiery, slretching along a few luindred miles of coast, hemmed in by the ocean on one side, and a wil- derness on the other, equally boundless and even more unex- plored, who had brought with them into a desert the laws and rights of Englishmen to ai:»ply to conditions untried at home, were to overturn the theo)-ies of princes and prove that it is not llie bayonet but the mr-n who wield them, that think. Years before the bi'eaking out of the French wars, Major Gen- eral Roger AVolcott, who commanded the forces of Connecticut at Louisbourg, had forecast the value of such troops, and the influence they would exei't upon this continent. But without the discipline of the C'olonial wars, even to such soldiers, the consummation of .American Independence would liave been an impossibility. Of all the chiefs of ihis l)order warfare, \ ])lace Putnam fore- most, not only on account of his fruitfulnes's in resour<'es and the fervor of his temjierament, but especially on account of his long experience in it, at an age when the lessons of life are in- destructibly wrought into the i'lbres of the man. At the close of the camjjaign of 1701, this farmer-soldier, who had fought side hy side with Tjord Howe, witnessed the blunders of Loudoun, tlie ]>ompous stupidity of Abercnunbie, who had contrasted the phlegm of the British regulai' with the mobility of the provincial, who knew alike the chivalry of the Frenchman, and the treacherv of his Indian allies — had treas- 30 iirod lip a store of exi:)erienoes and thouglit out a multitude of propositions that only waited the test of opportunity for verifi- oation. That oj^portunity now came. On the 22nd of INIarch, IVfif), the Stamp Act passed the House of Commons, and on the 1st of November of that yeai', it went into o])eration in Conuec- tieut. Then came the darint;' protest of the IJev. Stephen Johnson, of Lyme, hacked up by that of the other clergy, the organization of the "Sons of Liberty," public meetings of citi- zens, and town meetings, all lireathing defiance. The forced resignation of the stamp-master followed. The timid Gover- nor Fitch was soon waited upon by Colonel Putnam as the dep- uty of the Sons of Liberty. "What shall I do if the stamped paper should be sent to me ?" asked the Governor. " Lock it up until we shall visit you again," answered Putnam. "And what will you do then?" '' We shall expect you to give us the key." " And what will you do afterwards ?" " Send it back again." '■' But if I should refuse you admission V" "Your house will be leveled with the dust in five minutes." Here is our border soldier reaching out and clutching at the foi'bidden fruit of parliamentary enactments. He fought beside Lord Howe, and caught him in his arms when he fell, but the tears that he shed were for the man, not for the noble- man. He has taken the measure of Abercrombie, Webb, Lou- doun. Familiarity has done its work ; and now he is ready to pluck Lord Grenville by the beard. The farmer's homestead is too remote from the throne to be over.shadowed by it. The roof-tree casts an ampler shade. Then came the Boston Port Bill, non-importation agreements of men and women, cloth- bleaching and the age of universal homespun. The news of Lexington found Putnam at Avork on his farm. He paid a brief visit to Gov. Trundmll, and rode into Concord in eighteen hours. The attempt to rob Putnam of the honor of originating and buperintending the plan of the entrenchments on the heights 31 commanding CharlestoAvn, has been so well sustained by an or- ganized corps of writers and speakers of acknowledged reputa- tion, that it will take many years to put the matter in its true light. The contemporary evidence all tends to show that Put- nam was the author of this measure, and urged it upon the Council of War and the Committees of Safety, in the face of the most discouraging opposition. Gen. Ward, the Commander in Chief of the American forces had under him about fifteen thou- sand men, and expected an attack would be made upon him at Cambridge. He opposed Putnam's plan, and was seconded by Warren, and by most of the ofHcers of the army. Putnam pushed the measure with all his enthusiasm, and finally carried it. How he set about executing his plan, how he rode from the Neck to the camp, and from the camp to the Neck soliciting, expostulating, demanding both men and ammunition; how cold- ly he was received and how poorly he was sustained by the timid Commander ; his exposure of his person ; his omnipres- ence in every part of the field ; his superintendence of the cannon ; the orders that he gave ; and hoAv he brought np the rear of the retreat,— was but too well known at that time to need confirmation. One quarter of the men kept by Ward in the camps as idle spectators of the battle, Avould have swept the assailants from the face of the earth. Even the regiment that Putnam had brought with hnu from Connecticut, would have changed the fate of the day. Putnam was now no longer looked upon as a border chief. He was at once reogni^sed in England and America as a miU- tary leader of an original type, bolt I in planning, daring in exe- cution, careful in the details of organizing, supplying, managing a campaign ; skillful in handling troops, and, in the words of Washington, "capal)lc of infusing his own industrious spirit into his men." From that time to the close of his life he shared the confidence and affection of his chief. On the 2Gth of March, 177(5, he was ordered to New York to assume the command there. His conduct at this post and in that series of disastrous battles and retreats which followed 32 added day by day to his fame. This was the darkest era of the revolution, and through it all, Putnam was by the side of Wash- ington. He was in the rear ot the army when it crossed the Delaware, and formed its shattered fragments in solid columns on the other bank of the river. His defence of Philadelphia, his conduct at f^rinceton, his success in protecting the country from marauders, showed him e({ual to the most pressing emer- gencies. His next post was at Peekskill, for the protection of Fort Montgomery ; and tho task of stretching a boom across the river, lor the obstruction of British ships, was assigned to him. The fatigues and exi:»osure attending this enterprise greatly impaired his constitution. During his stay in the Highlands, he selected as a site for a military post, ^^'est Point, the seat of our Academy. In the winter of 17T^>, Putnam was stationed at Reading, in Fairtield (Jounty, with three brigades, composed of New Hampshire and Connecticut troops, Hazen's infantry and Sheldon's cavalry, to protect the towns on the coast, the magazines on Connecticut Kiver, and, if necessary, to reinforce JMcDougiill in the High- lands. He kept a strict watch over the winile of this border territory, the old stalking-ground of (lencral Tryon, whose dep- redations were usually signalized I))' some wanton destruction of such property as he could not steal. As this bandit was ad- vancing witli a body of about tiftccn hundred men, upon West (rreenwich, which was one of Putnam's outposts, the General happened to be there in person, with a picket of only a hun- dred and fifty men, and two small lield pieces. He took his stand on the brow of the hill by the Congregational church, not with any hope of making a [)erinanent resistance, but sim- ply to do what harm he could to the enemy, and then retire. This unexpected reception was very telling, and the dragoons, suppt^rtcd by infantry, made ready to charge upon him. Put- nam ordered his men to take refuge in a neigiiboring swamp, while he put spurs to his horse, and rode down the main street at full gallojj, hotly pursued by the enemy's cavalry, until he 33 came to the summit of another hill, on the brow of which stood the Episcopal church. An irregular flight of about seventy stone steps helped the worshi2:)pers to climb and descend the steepest portion of the precipice. The remainder of it was very diflficult even for persons on foot, and probably no one had ever thought of traversing it on horseback. Down this precipice and Uight of stairs Putnam plunged, and succeeded in reaching the plain at its toot. No Britisii officer dared to follow him. A volley from the astonished rangers and a bullet-hole in his hat did no harm to the intrepid old man, who rode on to Stamford, rallied the militia, and turned upon the marauders. The}' fled, leaving about fifty prisoners in his hands. During that winter Putnam hovered like an eagle upon the coast, swooping down upon this noisome fish hawk wherever he showed himself, and snatching his prey from his talons. It should be a theme of cherished pride with you who live in these favored towns, that, they were watched over in their infancy by this kindly, father- ly soldier, who devoted the ripest and latest hour of his public life to protect them from the raj)acity of the invader. This meagre outline of the events of Putnam's military ca- reer will be the more readily excused because you have here a historian of such acknowledged competency to deal with them. The fame of Putnam has pervaded the continent. It has gone into the log huts of the prairies ; it has descended into the shafts of Nevada ; it flows in the gold-bearing streams of C'alifornia, and in all languages into which the letters and dis- patches of Washington have been translated, it lives and blooms a perennial flower. It has often been asked how it is that Avith slight appar- ent difference between individuals in blood and culture, there should be so little viniformity in results. One man is pre-em- inent while he lives, and after his death penetrates to remote ages, keeping among men a kind of earthly immortality, while myriads fall in the race of life, and drop into nameless graves. I am inclined to think that Putnam's success in life, and his 1 34 posthumous fame grew largely out of his spontaniety of thought and action ; or, in other words, that he committed his powers to the current of his temperament. He never thought about himself or what would be the result to himself of saying or doing this or that, but yielded to the inspiration of God speaking through nature. In this way his soul became akin to the physical forces, the lightning, the whirlwind, the cannon-bullet, going where they are sent by a Divine direction, under laws Avliich man may formulate but cannot make. This unconsciousness of himself does not imply a want of perception of the condition of affairs. He knew that if the British were allowed to occupy Charlestown Heights while their men-of-war were floating in the waters of the Charles antl Mystic, they coukl command the peninsula. He knew that the entrenchments must be made at once, if at all. He knew that a blow must be struc'k then or the undisci- plined American army woidd fall, to pieces of its own weight. Thus his mind was a mirror rendering pictures of objects pre- sented to it. His own danger, or personal advantages would have been reliected in this mirror had he held them up to it. But it never occurred to him to look at them. He saw the em- battled armies, the cause that had arrayed them against each other, and the mighty results hanging on the crisis. They filled this magic glass and left no room for his own image. This is exemplitied in his directions to his son Daniel, a strijjling of sixteen and the child of his old age, on setting out from Cam- bridge, "You will go to Mrs. Inman's to-night as usual. Stay there till to-morrow, and if they find it necessary to leave town you must go with them." " You, dear father,'' said the keen-sighted boy, " may need my assistance more than Mrs. Inman ; pray let me go where you are going." " No, no, Daniel, do as I bid you," said the hero with shaking- voice and eyes running over with tears. "You can do little, my son, wliere I am going, and there will be enough to take care of me," Of n pieoo witli this was his veniark to Wavroii, jnst arrivod upon tlie l)attle o-vound. "I am sorry to son yon hero, (Toneral Warren. I wish you had left the day to us, as I advised you. From ajii^earanoes we sliall have a sharp time of it." Seventeen years before, he had said to Lord Howe, the brotli- er of the chief who was now advancing against him : " INfy Lord, if I am killed, the loss of my life will he of little conse- quence, but the preservation of yours is of infinite importance to the army." Another element of Putnam's greatness was his large-hearted humanity. During the ])attle in the woods, near Lake George, in 17;">8, the French left three hundred men dead and wounded upon the field. Putnam lingered there late into the evening to see after the suffering Frenchmen. He gathered the wound- ed into one place, covered them with l)lankets, gave them wine and other delicacies brought for the use of his own men, and personally tended them. One officer whom he had placed in an easy posture against a tree, could oul^y grasp his protector's hand in silent gratitude. " Depend upon it, my brave soldier," said Putnam, "you shall be brought to the camp as soon as pos- sible, and the same care shall be taken of you as if you were my brother.'' Li the campaign of 170.^, after the revolting massacre of the garrison of Fort William Henry, in violation of a flag of truce, when he visited the smoking ruins and saw tlie mutilated remains of lumdreds of men, women and children, he turned from the sickening spectacle with unspeakable hor- ror. This humanity of sentiment was reciprocated at Bunker Hill by Col. Abercrombie, commanding the British grenadiers. Wlien he lay mortall}' wounded, he bethought himself of his old comrade in the French wars, and, with his dying breath, shout- ed out to his men, "If you fake Putnam alive, don't hang him, for he's a brave fellow." Entire preoccupation and concentration of mind was another marked trait of Putnam. You all remember the story of his bu'd-nesting exjDloit in boyhood. In venturing out too far upon a limb in tlie treetop, be broke bis prop and was left banging in tlie air. He ordered one of bis mates to fire a bullet tbrougb tbe boiigb near tbe trunk, and let bim drop to tbe ground. The wolf story exbibits tbe same cbaracteristic. Tberavagerof tbe sbeep-fold bad beea tracked to ber den. Putnam resolved to go into tbe cave for ber. His neigbbors remonstrated in vain. He was wolf-bunting, and tbe only way to come by tbe wolf was to follow ber into lier lair. It never once occurred to bim tbat anytbing else could be done but to kill ber ; and tbe dan- ger to bimself, as it was no part of that enterprise, was not tak- en into tbe account. Tliis preoccupation of mind went witb bim tbrougb life. It led bim into tbe presence of Governor Fitcb, wbo was not long in finding out tbat stamjDed paper could neitber be sold nor deposited in C'onnecticut. It went witb bim tbrougb tbe border wars, it crossed tbe Delaware witb bim ; it was present witb bim at Princeton, New York, Pbiladelpbia, in tbe Higblands ; and stayed witb bim to inspire tbat last daring act of bis life, tbe anniversary of wbicb, you tbis day celebrate witb tbe thunders of cannon and jjeans of jubilation. Sternness in tbe discbarge of duty was anotber cbaracteristic of bim. In 1777, wbile stationed in tbe Higblands, spies were sent into bis camp by General Tryon, witb a view of taking bim prisoner. One of tbem was caugbt, tried and sentenced to be banged. Tryon wrote a tbreatening letter to Putnam, boping to imtimidate bim and tbus save tbe life of bis emissary. Tbe answer and result you know\ In tbe words of Mr. Peabody, " Putnam's military reputation, bigb as it was, concealed no dark traits of personal cbaracter beneatb its sbadow." Putnam's disposition was purely elementary. AVitb all bis bluffness he bad tbat cbivalry of tbe beart tbat women are so ready to detect under all extei'iors, and know so well bow to value. Everybody loved bim and coveted, not only bis good will, but bis affection. His neigbbors vied witb one anotber in ]3aying little acts of beart-bomage to bim ; bis family almost worsbipped bim, and bis soldiers were ready to die for bim. Washington understood him perfectly, and made due allow- ance for his idiosyncrasies. In a letter to McDougall he said : " I have ordered General Putnam to Peekskill ; you are -well acquainted Avith the old gentleman's temper. He is active and disinterested and open to conviction ; and I therefore hope that by aft'ording him the advice and assistance which your knowl- edge of the post ena])les you to do, you will be very happy in your command under liim." In December, 1779, Putnam went home for a little visit, and had just set forth on his retnrn to the army when he was' disabled by a stroke of paralysis from which he never recovered. Truth comjiels me to say that, not- withstanding his excellent moral character in all other respects, he had been, during his military life, sadly given to profanity of speech. He was subject to sudden seizures of passion, and in these paroxysms too often forgot the injunction, " Let your yea be yea and your nay, nay, for whatsoever is more than this Cometh of evil." This habit he wholly abjured in later years. President Dwight, of Yale ( *ollege, who knew hini well, gave his written testimony in these words : " In the decline of life he publicly professed the religion of the Gospel." The Pev. Dr. Whitney, his spiritual adviser, has left us the following record : "He was not ashamed of his religion; his house was a house of prayer. He freely disclosed the workings of his mind, his dependence on God through the Redeemer for pardon and his hope of a future happy existence." This reformation must have been real, for Putnam was too ingenuous to make pretences. Nor was it a delusive fire sublimated out of the humid atmos- phere of temperament, but a vital conviction that grew strong- er as life wore on toward its close. With all these remarkable qualities and endearing traits of character and with such a record of public service, it is not strange that we come together on the centennial day of this exploit to do him honor ; nor is it strange that the venerable Phalanx which bears his name and draws its inspiration from him, should retain so much of his vitality and perpetuate it^:?e]f from age to age. Here Putnam's public career ends. He was not constantly 38 ronliued to Ins house. In the summer and in the mikl autumn days, he couhl vide forth to see his flocks and herds upon the farm, and visit his neighbors. His mind was still unimpaired ; his wit had lost nothing' of its vivacity. He was often visited by Trumbull, Parsons, AVadsworth, Humphreys, and other ft'en- tlemen of the ami}'. Nor did Washington lose siglit of him, but found time in the press of public duties to write him many a word of consolation. In one of these letters he says. " The name of Putnam is not forgotten, nor will it be but with that stroke of time which shall obliterate from my mind the fatigues through which we have struggled for the preservation and establishment of the rights, liberties and independence of our country." Thus, in retirement, did Putnam spend the last eleven years of his life ; the patriarch of his household, the oracle of his neighbors, many of whom had been out with him into so many hard-fought fields, and brought back each his own garland of honor. On the 17th of May, 1790, he was taken suddenly ill. From the fir.st he neither expected nor desired to recover. He lingered only two days. Every one of the vast concourse that followed him to the grave on the 21st of ]\[ay was a true mourn- er. The grenadiers of the 11th Regiment, the Independent Artilleiy, and the militia of the neighborhood, with due honor laid liim down to rest, watering with their tears tlie green sod that he had defended, and the spring fiowers that ]n'efigured the perpetual blossoming of his renown. Washington and Putnam — the first and second in rank and service in tlie Wai- of the American Tievolution ; the architects who, with all their prescience " budded better than they knew." The smoke of battle has lifted and left visible in the clear sunlight, the ban- ner of St. George and that of the Republic floating side by side ; emblems no Ion ger of angry strife, but vying as evan- gelists in carrying the law.g, the language, the letters of a co-or- dinate kinship to the continents and isles of the sea. Wherev- er these may go, as one century i)asses over to another the cheei'y "All's well" of civilization, those two names shall be hailed as watchwords of libertv till time shall be no more. The Banquet. xlt the oonclusiuii of the excrcitse.s ut the church, the officers and invited gue^tH proceeded to the Lenox House, where din- ner was serve(h Toasts being' in order, the president gave, " The Day AVe Celebrate," and called upon Gen. Joseph E. Hawley, who responded us follows : GEN. HAAVLEY'S EEMAKKS. Mr. Chiiirmiin and Fclhir ('itiscufi : — If I had known twenty-four hours before that I was to re- Rjiond to this toast, I should have, after tinishing my work at one o'clock this morning, spent the remainder of the night in reading the history of Putnam, and preparing myself for this occasion, as I was sincerely desirous to come and pay Uiy tri- bute to his memory. I approve of such celebrations as op- portunities for the cultivation of State and National patriotism. There is no State in the world, that has had for two hundred and forty yeai's a history to be so proud of as ours. There never has been a State in which the princii^les of freedom have so uniformly prevailed. You cannot find a country in the world, nor a State in this Union that can thus boast. I honor Massachusetts, but Massachusetts has no boast, except in the matter of population, which we cannot equal. The Avorld cannot show a State or nation which has been so truly free, democratic, uniform, steady and conservative as Connecticut during its two hundred and forty years. It began with articles of association constituting a democratic government. The 40 charter of King Charles served as a free constitution from 1662 to 1818. Our allegiance to the monarch}' was not prominent. We chose our governors and all other officers, and swore them to execute our laws. No king sent orders to our troops, or levied them, save through our governor. We never failed to furnish all trooj^s required, cheerfully assuming heavy burdens of taxation, and furnished more troops for the Revolution than any other State in proportion. We had the only governor who led his State into the contest — Washington's "Brother Jonathan" — and furnished Putnam, AYooster, Hale, Talmadge, and a host of good officers. In any field of intellectual, moral, educational, inventive activity, our list of leaders is large. Ecproached for devotion to material interests, Connecticut has supplied men for the most daring and chivalrous enterprises, both in peace or war. Our legislation was always as liberal as any of its time. Our schools should use a brief,clear, compact histor}- of our State and a copy of our constitution, well explained, as a text book, that the children may grow up Avith resi^ect for their State, the more esiDecially as so many of our people are of foreign birth, or the children of foreigners. All honor is due to the orator of the day, Mr. Ilollister, for what he has tlone to place before the peoj^le a history of Connecticut, and Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull, who has made the history of his State an especial study through life. ''The State of Connecticut," was announced, and Hon. Mar- shall Jewell called upon to respond. HON. MARSHALL JEWELL'S ADDRESS. Ladioi (tnd Gentlemen : — "Connecticut!" This hjyal old Commonwealth certainly needs no eulogy from me; at least under these peculiar cir- cumstances I (!ould not give a proper one if I would, and if I could and would, the lateness of the hour is a very good rea- son Avhy I should not undertake it. Yet there are a few things about the State that should make every citizen proud, in any nation, and at any time, and they have been alluded to in lit- 41 ting terms. It has been said that we allow other States to take the lead, yet my experiences, wherever I have been, on this or any other continent, has been that^ wherever American enter- prise and loyalty and prominence have been celebrated, Connec- ticut has had her full share of representatives. And so. from our borders to the Pacific, wherever the sons and daughters of Connecticut are found, they are in the front rank giving a good report of themselves. I know that we are apt to say that theso are somewhat degenerate days ; that the old days were better, and we allude to the men of the past as being rafeiier superior, perhaps, to those of the present day. I quite agree with the gentlemen who preceded me, that ours are up to any standard. The men of Connecticut were strong in the early time, but in a later war, in a war within our recollection, we had also a great patriot, I mean the sainted and lamented Buckingham. I say, that, if in the time of the revolutionary war we had patriots, so we had in the last war, when Putnam's gallantry was equaled by Sedgwick and Lyon, and living heroes whose names I need not mention. I have no doubt that Connecticut, in the future as in the past, will do her full share wlien duty calls ; that she will supply not only the men but the materials so necessary to the maintenance of armies through long, serious and arduous campaigns. The weather to-day is not very pleasant, and yet this winter is not so severe, it is not so rigorous, as that winter when the Commander-in-Chief called upon the Governor of Connecticut for provisions to feed the army at Valley Forge, and met with a quick response. So it will be forever, I have no doubt. Connecticut will respond promptly and loyally when- ever demands are made upon her. In the future as in the past she will illustrate patriotism and illumine history. I have no floubt for myself that with free speech, free pulpit and free press, we shall, in the march of time, illustrate those splendid traits which made the record of revolutionary times luminous with great deeds. I have no doubt, either, that the virtues and the loyalty of our ancestors will be emulated by their success- ors, and that we shall show to the world that whatever have 42 been the virtues of the past, we shall not only keep alive the memorj' of Trumbull and of Putnam, but bear our full share in making' honorable the histoiy of our nation. ADDRESS OF MR. SOLOMON MEAD. "Greenwich in the Revolution," was the toast to Avhich Solo- mon Mead, Esq., responded : On the 20tli day of August, 1824, Put's Hill was crowded ^vith people. A few of the noble men who participated in the struggle for independence were then still among us and wert^ present on that memorable occasion. The i^eople came together to honor these patriots of the Revolution and esj)ecial- ly one who was to be present on that day, the true friend of our Country in the days of its weakness and peril, who, like "Wash- ington and Putnam, was first in war, first in peace and first in the hearts of the people — Gen. Lafayette. After some waiting, he reached the hill, escorted by a military guard of honor and met his companions in arms. Their greetings were of the most cordial and tender character, while the air Avas resonant with the roar of cannon, the ringing of bells, and the applause of the multitude. TJiesc Revolutionary worthies then, with uncovered heads, walked down the hill, passing under an elegant triumphal arch which was erected over the road excavated through the rock, and beautifully decorated by tin; ladies with appropriate mottoes, evergreens and flowers. At the close of this reception, Gen. Lafayette went on to Stamford, escorted by a local military company known as the " Light Horse Troop,' commanded by officers, some of whom are still living among us. The last of those who were in active life during the war of independence have long since passed away. But the names of such patriots as Abraham Mead, who was a captain in tlie War of the Revolution, and Isaac Lewis, D.D., who was a chap- lain, also Richai-d Mead, Zaccheus Mead, Andrew Mead, Hum- phrey Denton, Job Lyon, and others, are worthy of honorable mention. "N^'idi most of these men I was personally acquaint- 4;} ed, aud well do I remember many of their recitals of the traiis- iictions of those trying times. This town, being situated, as it was, between the lines of the contending forces, probably suflter. ed more than any other town in the State. Law atibrded no ])i-otection for life or property. Home fled with their families to distant towns for safety, some remained to protect their liomes as best they could ; others, possessing no high degree of patriotism, resorted to the expedient of "buying their peace," as it was then termed, paying the Tories a stipulated price, on condition that they might remain in their homes unmolested in person and property ; while others, devoid of ])atriotism and tempted by the love of British gold, gave aid and comfort to the enemy by robbing and pillaging. To accomplish tlieir purposes they even entered the homes of .their neighbors and stripped them of their contents, drove oft" their cattle and live stock, and whoever opj^osed them in this work did it at the peril of their lives. Families were under the necessity of burying their pro- N isions in the ground, or of secreting them in some other way, and of leaving their grain in the straw, unthreshed, for years, using onl3' as immediate necessity rec^uired. Many worthy cit- izens were murdered by these Tories, others were taken prison- ers, and driven like cattle to New York city, Avhere they were incarcerated, in the "Old Sugar House," a prison notorious in history on account of the sutt'erings experienced by its inmates and the great number of deaths that occurred within its walls. Such were the dangers tJiat some of our people, at the ap- proach of darkness, would leave their houses and resort to some secret place in the fields or woods, and there spend the night. Still amid these trying times, a majority of the two thou- sand people, or nearly that number, who then were the inhabi- tants of the town, either openly or at heart, were true to the cause of independence. And the fact is an impre.ssive one, that the frowns of Providence with very marked significance follow- ed these Tories in after life, and to-day but very few of their descendants are to be found. At the close of these eight years in which such devastation and ruin ravaged the town, but little remained but the bare earth. 4:-L It must have taken a quarter of a century to restore the im- provements and prosperity that existed before the war. Could those who submitted to toil, privation, and even death, to lay the foundation of our prosperity, return to-day, with what surprise and delight would they witness the change that has taken place since those dark days ! Truly, they would not know the place but from the few remaining landmarks like Put's Hill, Long Island, and the beautiful Sound that lies between. If in the j^ast one hundred j'ears such great changes have taken place, who of us, to-day, is able_to predict the changes and improvements that would greet our sight if we might be permitted to return to this spot one hundred years hence ? Who can say but that we might find our dwellings, public buildings and other super- structures of the most solid and most durable material, as slate^ concrete, brick, granite and iron; our already commodious har- bor sufficiently deepened to float our largest vessels, with am- ple wharves lining the shore from its point to its head; the roads of the town macadamized; numerous railroads running in different directions; our rivers dotted with numerous manu- factories ; our village become "a beautiful city, set on a hill, whose light could not be hid," clasping friendly hands with the great city of New York across the Byram River. But great as these material changes might be, who can say but that far greater and vastly more important changes might be witnessd in the condition of the ijolitical, moral and religious world. Who can say but that the bright and long ho^jed for period shall have then come when truth, righteousness and peace shall have oversjiread the whole earth, and caused the rancor and tur- moil of the centuries to disappear through the ameliorating power and influence of truth and benevolence, elevating man to a position much nearer his primeval state in honor,"dignity and happiness ? ADDRESS OF MR. LUTHER P. HUBBARD. Mr. Luther P. Hubbard replied to the toast " New England" as follows : — Mr. Fresicknt : I am not a iiutive of (Treeiiwicli, but for tweuty yt-ais liave been one of its citizens. I am a lineal descendant of ( reorge Hubbard, one of the tivst settlers of Connecticut at W'etliers- tleld in 1034. He was a man of note in the colony, a member 6i the first General ('ourl, occupying that position several con- secutive years. Under these circumstances I feel at home here, for it is the sacred soil of New England. You have given me a wery broad subject for a five minute speech. I presume I was selected to respond to this toast be- cause I have SD long been connected with the New England Society in the city of New York, whose proverbial modesty never permits them to say anything good of themselves. And yet how much they might say I Stand on Plymouth Ivock as I have done, and you will feel that the landing of the Pilgrims was truly one of the most sublime events in the history of the world. They came not foi- conquest, but to establish civil and religious liberty, and their principles have permeated nearly (■^very portion of the republic. From that little band has sprung a nation of forty millions, with its orators, statesmen and poets, among whom are Webster, Everett, Choate, Bryant and Long- fellow, men that would be an honor to any country. Lexington, Concord and Bunker Hill, tell the story of the patriotism and valor of the revolution, just as the schools, col- leges and academies indicate the high educational character of the community. Look at the Clergy of New England. Let them l)e honored and revered. They have always been self-denying and ener- getic, and the influence of those old divines is felt to this day. In the olden time one of the conditions of incorporating a New England town, was that " they should settle a learned and or- thodox minister of good conversation, and make etlectual pro- vision for his comfortable and honorable support." The senti- ment that made such a requirement was a mighty influence, and New Euglanders who go to other places, go with the feeling that they have a mission to perform, and that is, to do good - to implant the principles of the Pilgrim Fathers. 40 As a type of the early New England towns, I will mentiou Hollis, N. H., which with only 103G inhabitants, has educated and sent out forty ministers of the Gospel, besides numerous literary men, among Avhom was Joseph E. Worcester, the lexi- cographer. How they accomplished this is a wonder to us of the present day, for I well remember when there was neither carpet or piano in the town, and yet some of those sturdy farm- ers had two or three sons in College. Many other New Eng- land towns have doubtless done equally well. There is no portion of our country from which emanates such a wide-spread moral influence as from the happy homes of New England. REMAPtKS or MR. A\'. S. PUTN.X^f. The next toast was greeted with tumultuous applause from the humorous re])ly that Wm. S. Putnam gave to "Old Put : His de.scendants worthy of their sire :"' " I did not come here to speak, I came here to see and be; seen ; you must take the will for the deed." At the conclusion of this toast the Presi- dent of the day called for three clieers for the descendant of '■ Old Put," which were given with hearty good will. ADDIIESS (JF KEY. ('. P. TREAT. Kev. C. R. Treat spoke as follows to the toast, "The Clergy. *' A/r. (JhdiniKtn, Ladies and Gentleme/i : — I feel highly honored bv the invitation, you have given me, tu address you ujion this occasion, and most highly honored by the jjlace, into which you have put me. To be permitted to re- spond to such a toast as " The Clergy," at such a time as this, is a privilege that one well may covet. For it is not the clergy of the present day, worthy as they may be of honorable men- tion, to whom this toast refers. The clergy, whom we have now in mind, are they, who, a hundred years ago, in this common- wealth and her sister colonies, eloquently and eftectually appeal- ed to the people, to whom they ministered, to rise in righteous. 47 rebellion against the unjust and oppressive rule of the govern- ment of Great Britain. The clerg}' of the thirteen colonies, as all who know will bear me Avitness, bore no unimportant part in the drama that was then enacted. They were among the first to appreciate the burdens, which the people had been made to bear, and the dan gerous tendencies of the measures, bv which their rights had been denied to them. They were among the lirst to realize that discussion persuasion, entreaty could accomplish nothing more, and that the apjieal henceforth must be made to the God of Battles. In private, in public, they boldly spoke, and when the time for action came, wiierever duty called, they counted no cost, flinched from no foe, shrank from no sacrifice, and faltered not even when the cause, which they considered holv, seemed destined for defeat. I will not, however, take y-»nr time to speak in general culo gium upon the colonial clergy. Far more worthily than I can speak their praise, has it been spoken and sung by many an eloquent orator, nniny a gifted poet, iji the hearing of the grate- ful generations. You know the story better than I can tell it. and your hearts have often felt the glow of grateful a[)2irccia- tion and affection toward these heroitr, high-minded men. l^et me, therefore, as seems best in keeping with this occasion, speak briefly to you concerning two of the clergymen of the Revolu- tion, who, in their respective si)heres, bore a conspicuous part in the stirring scenes of that eventful timi', and who both are properly associcited with the experience, through which the peo pie of Greenwich at that period passed. One of these, 1 am sorry to say, was not numbered among the noble men, to whom I have just refei'red, but the other was wortliy of the highest rank among them, because of the patriotic zeal, with which he promptly es])oused the colonial cause, and the un- flinching fldelity,with whicli he maintained it from tlic first blow to the last. From the beginning of the Revolutioii to its close, the pastor of the clnu'ch, within wliose ancient territorial limits we are met 48 to-day, was the Rev. Jonathan Murdock. At the commence- ment of the conflict, he wa-s professedly in sympathy with those, that rebelled against Great Britain's unjust exactions. But, after a while, he began to be suspected of a secret leaning toward the enemy's side. This suspicion became conviction, and found frequent and emphatic expression on the part of the patriotic portion of the people. Upon one occasion this minister met with a rebuke as ingenious as it was unique. He was making a pastoral call at the house of Theophilus Peck, who resided in the part of (xreeuwicli called "Pecks Land. " As the hour for the midday meal drew near, he was court- eously asked to remain to dinner. This invitation he accept- ed and, as he took his seat at the table, expected that, as >isual, he would be called upon to invoke the divine blessing. Instead of this, however, he was surprised to see his liost reverently bow his head, and then, to his amazement, heard the following words issue from the good man's lips; " O Lord, we liave a wolf in sheep's clothing among.st us ! Put a bridle in his mouth, and a hook in liis nose, and lead him back to the place whence he came. " This incident Avould indicate a feeling of deep dissatisfaction and distrust in the minds of the people toward their pastor. Farther than some such expiession as this, however, the people did not go while the war continued. Too much else demanded ilieu' attention. By the time that Mr. ^Murdock had openly de- clared allegiance to the British cause, Tryon's raid was immi- nent, other marauding parties had already vexed and dis- tressed the people, and, from that time, the portion of (Greenwich within the limits of the Second, or West, Society, was left wholly unprotected from the enemy's attacks. No patriot could longer live in security here. The best that he could hope for Avas that his wife and children would be permitted to remain to guard their homes, and to gather from their fields such a scanty return as their feeble and frequently interrupted labors could jDrocure. To a large extent even this was gradually given up, and the patriots of Greenwich, with their families ■i9 and a few of their household goods, sought temporary homes ill other towns, where they could be protected against robtery and rapine. In this stat(.' of things, it was not unnatural that Mr. Mur- dock should be left to enjoy unmolested the fruits of his disloyal- ty. But the day of reckoning came. After the Avar had closed, and the loyal men of Cireenwich were at liberty to return and re-occupy their lands and dwellings, as soon as it was practica ble, they began to prepare for action in this direction. On the 12th day of July, 1784, "at a meeting of the Church of Christ, in the 'West Society, holden at the house of Mr. Benjamin Peck," they voted, "to call the Association of the Western District, in Fairfield County," to their assistance, and to appoint a commit- tee, consisting of "Amos ^lead and Benjamin Mead, Esqrs., to lay all matters of ditierence and grievance before them.'' This committee drew up a formal statement of their grounds of complaint against Mr. Murdock. Among these, as bearing up- on the question of his loyalty, they alleged : — " That, although he early took the Oath of Fidelity to this State, and, in the beginning of the late war, showed much zeal m the American cause, in the pulpit, as well as elsewhere, yet contrary to his said oath of Fidelity, in 1779, on or about the 10th day of July, he voluntarily went to a British officer, with a Hag, then at the house the late Heth Mead's, in this i)lace, and there acknowledged his political friendship to the British, and that soon after he began to justify trade with the then ene- mies of this State, among the people in this place, and Incour- aged it by his own example." They alleged further :— ''In May, 1780, he was, with Jjis own consent, taken by Del- ancy's Core and paroled, only lo come to their lines a prisoner when called for, but under no restrain by his parole, as to his [)reachiMg or prayer. Yet. after that, he totally neglected in l)ublic to pray for Protection to us. Discretion to our Councils, or Success to our arms, to the great Orievance of the people here." 50 As the result of this plain statement of the facts, the Consoci- ation consented to the severance of the tie belAveen this people and their pastor, and they -were left at liberty to seek a succes- sor, who should be of one mind with them, and who sliould be conjpctent to declare unto tliom the whole counsel of (rod- Such a man they were permitted, in (rod's kind providence, to lind in the Hev. Isaac Lewis, a man who deserves special men- tion here, not only because of his great worth, but also because he too had been a Connecticut pastor during the periqd of thn Revolution, and, after it was over, became the pastor of tliis church. His record during that trying time, is as bright as that of Mr. Murdock is dark. Although he might honorably have remained in comfort at Wilton, discharging the duties of preach- er and pastor to the people of his charge there, free from the privations and j^erils of tlie war, yet he deemed it his duty, nay his privilege, of Avhich he was not willing to be deprived, to cast in his lot with his fellow countrymen, who went forth to tight for their Country and their Cod. As Chaplain in one of the Con- necticutregiments he faithfully served, until his health became so impaired that he was obliged to return to his quiet home in Wilton, and resume his pastoral cares. Thus occupied, he, with man}' more, was rudely roused by tlic raid, which Covernor Tryon led to Danl)ury, for the destruc- tion of the military stores there collected. Indignant at the audacity of this attack, incensed at the outrages wliich the marauding party had committed, the war-like spirit rose and ruled in the heart of Isaac Lewis. Unable now to be contented with the part of spiritual guide and comforter, he seized a mus- ket, and used it with marked effect against the foe. Nor did he desist from the pursuit of the retreating enemy, until he had followed them to the boats, upon the shore at Norwall';, by which they were to be borne to the vessels that had brought them thither upon their destructive errand, and wh'ich were to bear them back to the city of New York'. So intrepid was Mr. Lewis, so forgetful of himself, so eager in his attack uj^on the enemy, that he exposed himself to the broadsides of the 51 vosspIs, that wfro Avaitiiij^. fur tlu! troops, and ono caiinoii ball uiissed him by so little, that it struolc the earth upon which lie str»o(l. and covered him with the dirt that it displaced. Such wii.s the man, whom the loyal men of (ireenwich cIiohl' Uiv their new pastor. Tliev could not ])etter have shown their determination to have a pastor as true to their country's cause, as they had been themselves. They could not l)etter illustrate the radical reaction, the'issiU' of the transition, through which (Ireenwich had passed, than by the selection of this staunch and sturdy patriot to succeed the temporizinj^- tory, Jonathan ALurdock. Yet, as I thus speak, I feel rebuked by the kind and charita- ble spirit, which stirs in cnir hearts to-day. Too remote from ns are the scenes, toward which our eyes have been turued, for us to respond to the spirit of rigiiteous wrath that tired our fa- tliers" souls. Too many years have passed since the last blow was struck, and the tierce, relentless conflict ceased. In the time that lias elapsed since the struggle for American Inde- pendence, tlie din of ])attle has died away, the smoke has lifted, the battle Jield, its combatants, the ends for which they wei-e lidth contending, can all be clearly seen. AVe, who were victo- lidiis, can well afford to confess that many of those, who strove against us, were as honest in their convictions, as brave in being true to them, as were those who fought upon our side. AVe can well attbrd to extend a generous judgment to all that were in error, and to forqive them with as hearty and complete foi-- giveness as we covdd wish from them, or as we hojie to receive from Almighty (lod. A\'e little know the trials through whicli the patriots of that period i)assed. AVe little know how easy il was for Jonathan ^lurdock and the ninety-two men moi-e, who, with him, from this Second Society alone, changed fr(nn the ("olonial to the British side, to take the .step they took. We little know how difHcult it was for those, who stood faithful in the end, to maintain their course. AVe only know enough to lead us to look with lenient eye upon Mr. Murdock, and those whose faith, like his, failed them before the despaired of victory Ccime, and to regard witli the greater veiieratiou aud affection those, who, like grand old Isaac Lewis, found their faith equal io every demand that the darkest days and the most dreadful disasters, made upon it. ADDRESS (^F UEV. ( lEORGE TAYLOR. Rev. (leorge Taylor spoke as follows to the toast, "Tlie 22nd of February." Ijadiea and (leutktiu n : I supposed that I was to I'eply to the toast — the day we cel- ebrate ; however, there is not much difference between the day we celebrate and the 22nd of February, (len. Hawley mnde the day we celebrate a text on which to found a speech. I am in the habit of doing so occasionally, and the people can easily discern the difference between the text and the sermon. The General gave us an exhaustive sermon on his text, and uttered one idea which serves me at this moment, that is, that it is im- portant that oui' foreign l)orn population should l)e instructed in the civil and ]iolitical history of C'onnecticnt. I think that public celebrations commemorating liistoric events and histtn-ic characters, Avill do more to ijistruct the ig- norant than any text l>ooks that can be made, for by these means attention and inquiry are excited, and a greater impres- sion is made than by reading. The procession and military display, the beautiful oration, tlie glowing poem, the historic statement, the recital of Putnam's heroic deeds, and the tracing of the social and political history of Connecticut, which has passed before us to-day, are more instructive than any other methods that can be used. The 22nd day of February bruigs before our minds another distinguished man, whose character is worthy of our remem- brance. It is wise, for nations and peoples, to appoint certain days and methods to recall the names and historic deeds of those who have rendered great service to their country and the world, by their heroism and their genius. On this day the on American people celebnite the birth of George Washington , who is called the father of his country. This is a custom that expresses the <^'enius of tlie nation. England is justly proud of her Duke of Wellington, France of her Napoleon the Great, Switzerland of her William Tell, and other nations of their great men, and while these names are ad- ]nired for their military prowess, Washington is renowned and admired in every civilized nation, not only for his military achievements, but also for his pure social character, unques- tioned patriotism and entire devotion to the will of the people. It is well for us, therefore, to (commemorate the heroism and virtues of our great men, that our young men may ]»e in- spired with the national spirit, and l)e led to imitate wliat is good and noble in the character of the fathers. There are days of sadness as well as of joy. A lady called on me for a duplicate certificate* of mai'riage. Slie said, "I married James Russel (m such a day, and a sori'y day it was for me." It was a sorry day for England when (ieorge Washingl'.on was born and married to tlic interest of this country, 1)ut a joyous day for the American ]ieople. When I was stationed in fh(' mountain region, in tbe state of New York, a liitle boy was a favorite in the family with whicli I lived. At the time of our late war he was a young man and felt he must serve his country by joining the army of tiie union; he was wounded in l)attle. and injured ioy life. I visited the homestead after the war, and tlu^ I'atlier recounted to nie the sufferings of his son. and with teai's in his eyes, said : 'AVe consented that he should go to tlie war as it was all we could do for our country, and in the fear of (i:od W(^ gave our boy to tin.' service of the nation, and, if necessary, offered hiiu as a sacri tice on the altar of the union of our coinitry, and all the other children agree lie .shall liave the homestead and farm as his own." Give us a yeomani'y like this, that will freely and relig- iously suffer and sacrifice for their country's weal, and we need fear no convulsion within, or menacing foe without. 54 CQh. VINCENT (OLVKK'S REMARKS. ■Jo " The LegiHlatare," C*ol. Yiiiceut Colyor repliod: LadifH and Gentlemen : I came here expecting to have a quiet, pleasant time, amt was enjoying myself immensely until about an hour since, wlien my triend Mr. AVriglit put a slip of paper into my liand, informing me that I was to respond to the toast, "The Legislature.' Tlien my misery set in. Well, I have had a good time, notwithstanding. Mr. Chairman, and gentlemen, and ladies (I wish there were nvore of the latter in the room), you give me as a toast, as my good friend has said, the Legislature. Well, I have come lu the conclusion that that means about every gentleman in this room. We go up tliere in droves, but come back and retire into private life. Now% this Legi.slature, gentlemen, so far as I liave seen it, I think, will give a good account of itself, if it has not alreafly done so, if these two gentlemen (referring to (lov- ernnrs Jewell and Hawley, ) will please excuse me. [Laugh- i^'l■.] In that little matter of the Senatorial election we did oui' very best. We were like the L'ishman in the play, when his two sweethearts visited him together, who said: " How hap- py I could be with the on(\ were t'other fair charmer away. " When we found that one of these gentlemen would not let the other be elected, we then did the best we could, and (aside) I am not sure but that we have got a better man than either of them. [Great laughter, in which both the ex-candidates heart- ily joined. ) But there's a good time coming for our two in- estimable friends. Now I'orthe Legislature, gentlemen. After that tirst little scrimmage was over, then came the question about the currency. Well, Connecticut had already' received tlie key-note she sliould strike during this campaign, that a '■ tloliar Greenback should mean a dollar in coin," and the very first act of this Legislature was to stamp that as the language for Connecticut. Other little acts have come up before us. Should you ratify our action, you will have a session once in two yearSj and it is estimated, gentlemen, and fairly estimated, 55 too, I think, that it will save the state of Connecticut nearly a quarter of a million dollars in indirect and direct expenses. Now, other bills must, and will, come up before us, and I think you will iind t liat wo will give a good account of ourselves. An- other \ ery great and serious question is this, siuiplifying (luv judicial proceedings. Why, I bought a little island up Ijtre (»h the shore, and when our Chairman spoke of the delightful con (entment he has fouutl in this neighborhood, 1 thought of my own case — that was the very name I gave to my little island. I was very happy when I was there alone, but another New York- er came up and bought the other half, and we have been at law ever since. Everybody else that ever owned that island has had a row with his neighbor. They do. know here how to keep up a lawsuit. Beginning, I fomid that when I jjaid for that little piece of land I bought a lawsuit. My predecessor had a law- suit with his neighbor. It was about a miserable little piece of salt meadow, worth about ten dollars. It kept him two years employed, and me four years more, and I lost the case. So, you sec, I have a personal interest in simplifying our judicial procedure. It is sometimes said our legislators can be bought. I don't believe that. I don't believe any such thing. ~\Ve have a question l)efore us on the reduction of railvoad fares and freights, in which you are interested. As to whether the rail roads rule the State of Connecticut or the Legislature has con- trol of the railroads, I hare no doubt as to how it will be set- tled. I will detain you no longer. 1 wish some of the legislators Avere here to-day to properly respond to this toa.st. You liavc given us a beautiful edifice to carry on our delibei'ations in. I be- long t(.) a profession that nuike it a rule, while the picture of a brother is in progress, to criticise it as much as possilile, but, when it is finished, then wo praise it up to the skies. Two years ago, when the new Ca])itol was in course of construction, I criticised it considerably, pointing out its defects in the hopes that the legislature, of which I was then a member, would cor- rect sonic of its faults, which at that tinie could have been easi- 56 ]y remedied. But now that it is completed I shall only say that it is a beautiful building. Home may hnd fault — they found fault witli St. Peter'.s at Rome, the work of Michael Angelo, St. Paul's lu LoncUm. liy Clu'istopher AA'reii, and with the new Houses of Pai'liament. So we can, justly too, lind fault with this building, l>ut we have the most beautiful building in Connecticut. You were taxed for it, paid for it, and have got it. We are there, and I do believe thai the Jjegislature (myself excepted) will do honor to tfie Stale. :\JH. J. r. MERIMTTS HE.AIARKS. ■' Oldtime Foes, Long Time J^'riends," was replied to by J. P. Merritt, Esq., of St. Catharine's, Canada, who is a grandson of the man who led the British lroo])ers in pursuit of the hero Cif this anniversary, one hundred years ago. Jfr. ('lidiniKiit . Jjidiix (111(1 (!( iif!( iiicii :- Vvoiu the lateness of the hour, I will not detain you long, especiall}' as I am not proticient in pu'olie sjK'aking. After the eloquent addresses already, it would not be just for me to do so. I find it incumbent on me to reply to the speaker before the last, " that members of the loyal i)arty in this neighborhood used to skulk in the wood and kidnap prominent Whigs, haul- ing them to noisome prisons, and imd in some instances shot at them from the cover of the woods.'' A statement similar to this is related in a book, now in my hand, connected with the name of Shubal Merritt, my grand- father's younger brother. I am doubly bound to di'uy that such an occurrence, as that related of Shuba.1, ever transpired. Mr. Merritt Mead, the author, assured me, twenty-one years ago, that he had no juithentic autlioritv Un- the statement, and I believe that, if his lamented demise in the defence of this (i()vernment had not occurred, he would have corrected the statement, as he then promised n)e he would do. My grand- father, in this connection, has told me that once, at the head of an adecpnite force, he was within half an hour of caj^turing 57 General Washington himself, and that a certain deacon, whose name I cannot now remember, was the cause of their failure, by giving the General information. " 1 am glad," said he, " that we did not succeed, as I entertain a high regard for the memory of Washington and 1 consider him an honor to our country. As I mentioned at rising, I will not detain you, but am thankful for the attention you ati'ord me, and will now take my seat. PKOF. VAN AMARINGES KEMAEKS. Prof. Van Amaringe, of Columbia College, after referring to the courtesy and cordiality with which Greenwich received her guest-s, replied " To Our Guests,"' as folloAvs : LafftFfi and (Tcntlrmni : 1 am unused to being called upon on occasions like the pres- ent. I cannot do better than to say that when I was called up- on to reply to this toast, 1 was more surprised than the inhabi- tants of Greenwich Avere a century ago, and I feel more con- sternation now, sir. Connecticut has contributed much in ideas and men to advance the glory of this country, and it seems to me that the principles which moved her, and enabled her to accomplish all that she has accomplished, are symboHzed in the men and (jualities which we commemorate. The moving prin- ciple was loyalty, and the qualities were keenness of thought and decision of character, and these traits found no more illus- trious example in the Revolution than the sturdy patriot whose gallant exploit we celebrate. ADDRESS OF MATTHEW HALE SMITH. " The Press," was responded to by the Rev. Matthew Hale Smith, of New York. Well, Mr. President, 1 would like to have you render a reason to mo, why you have notified all these other gentlemen and called me up without giving me any notice at all. 58 I believe myself better able to describe this sceue than to have participated in it myself. We belong- to the peculiar class of men -whc), unlike the animal, have the tale come from the head. 1 think tlie true way to educate our people to loyalty and patri- otism, is, in the first place, as you have been told, to-day, to have a celebration like this. When you ])rovide the substantinl fare for the body and the mind, u2:>on which we have been fed to-day, your young men will be patriots at once. I claim, in the second place, that you ought to cducatc'our people to stand ready, at a moment's notice, to turn ])romineut citizens to sol- diers. There will be [no preaching, there M'ill be no school, there will be no agriculture, there will be no commerce, unless you have soldiers. The Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, and brought the elements of demoralization with them. For, eighteen years after they landed, it became absolutely necessary to call out the citizen soldiery to enforce the laws. [Laughter and applause. J Oh, you did not know this? Then I am glad that I told you. The law and the rule they laid down was that the othcer should come out of the corps. There was Sam.' Adams, who, from a simple citizen became a leader. Said he,"If you dont hang together, every man will hang separately." Well, sir, in the state of New York at this hour, there are ten thousand men ready armed. There is the 7th Regiment, that has saved the State over, and over and over again, from rioting, yet it is going around, hat in hand, begging money to build an armory. I like to look on these men. We can make oflficer.s out of the men in the ranks. When I was in England I was invited to take dinner at Mr. Morley's house, and they said I was to make a speech there. They had been speaking of our civil war. They had expressed their astonishment at (mr suc- cess, and had asked me, "Where did you get your t)lficcrsV" a-nd I said to them, "We made such men wdien we wanted them. We took our principal otttcers out of the tan yard, and we have got more at soak." There were a thousand men as loyal as Putnam. There were a thousand men who sacrificed their lives for the cause. We were always a fighting people, and if this 59 country ever goes down she will go down as did "Curnberlanij/' in Hampton roads, our flags nil flying, our guns shotted to tlie muzzle, their last volley to sound our requiem. That is the way we'll go down, if we go down. But we shan't go down. We are not enemies of England. Icansay here, when I look to that country, I am proud other. Boys, he soldieis ! Be soldiers of God, soldiers of Christ; soldiers of humanity ! And, if a lime ever comes, when we have got to go into such a war as Una again, let us take the sjDirit we have heard of to-day, let us take the motto " Peace and good will to inen," and entwine it upoii our banner. Let us take the banner of peace. That is the on- ly banner in the world that should wave over our own. AVith the two entwined on a better banner than the world has evei' seen, we will march, to the conflict, and tight till the victory is Letters of Regret The following letters, among others, were received liy the committee : FKOM PKESIDENT HAYES. Executive Mansion. ) Washington, Febmary 11th, 187;i. ) Dear Sir ;— I am directed by the President to acknowledge the receipt of yoiu- favor of the 7th instant, and to say that he regrets that it will be im- possible for him to attend the Centennial Commemoration of General Put- am's ride down Putnams Hill. He is therefore compelled to decline, with thanks, your kind invitation. Very truly yours. W. K, ROGERS, Pres. Secretary. Mr. L. P. Hubbard. Greeiucich. ('onn. FROM MILES STANDISH, ESQ. New York, February I'.'th, 1S79. //. P. Hiibba/'d. Eacj.. < 'haii'iinin Coiniin'ttet mi Jnvi'tatiohs: Dear Sir : — I am greatly obliged for the invitation to attend, on the '.'I'd inst., the Centennial Celebration of Gen. Putnam's ride down Putnam Hill, and I regret that arrangements already made for that day will not admit of my accepting it. If there is any single act of our Revolutionary War which, in this age of diluted patriotism and pohtical self-assertion, is worthy of being commem- orating, it is the act by which Putnam showed his forgetfulness of self in the necessities of his country. I am, sir, yours very truly. Miles Standish. ni FRO:\I HON. Cr. II. PL.\TT. West Meriden. Conn.. Febniiiry I'.itli. \s~'.). I.. I'. Hiilih((rXE(;uTivE Department. State or ("onnecticlt. > Hartforu. February \\'A\\, \'6~t^\. \ Dear Sir: — Your comniunication of the 7th insl., inviting me tu attend the Centennial Celebration of Gen. Israel Putnam's ride down Putnams Hill is received. I regret that other and previous engagements will prevent me from \»t iug present. I camiot. however. ])ermit the occasion to pass without some ex]jressiou of the honor in which I hold that impulsive and daring soldier, and my ap- preciation of the patriotic feeling which has impelled this tribute to hia memory. It is eminently proper that those c]ualities of his mind and character which are exemplified in his prompt response, in the field, to his country's call, his resolute bravery at the wolf's den, and his reckless dar- ing in the ride which you propose to celebrate, should l)e remembered with admiration and pride. And while such services as he gave to his country, both in war and peace, continue to be admired and imitated, we nuty feel certain that the safety and prosperity of our nation are assured, I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, Charles B. .\ndrewh. L. F. Jlitbburd, Enq.. ('hairiiuut ('(numitUe on invitations to the Ctlebra^ tion of Gen. Putnam's Hide. 63 FROM HENRY C. BOWEN, ESQ. '■ The Ablington," "• Washin«tox. D. C, Febiniary 20th, 1S79. » Mr. L. P. Hubbard, ('hninnan: . Sir ; — Your very kind iiiviidtioii to attend the eelcbi-ation, on the 22A iiiht., reached me this a. m.. haniig Itcen rcniailed to me from my office in- New York. I most Hiuecrcly regret that my stay in Washington will prevent me from uniting with the good people of your seetion and elsewhere, in cele- brating a most memorable event in our nation's history. Of all the noble men of the Revolution. Oeneral Putnam stands to-day and will ever stand, among the very first, as a brilliant specimen of genuine American pluck and patriotism. In the dark days of our nation's history, he was worth a whole regiment of ordinary men. May the memory of his de_ votion and noble daring inspire us and all the people, with more loyalty and couscfcration to our lieloved country. If I were pi'eseut at your celebration and were permitted the ojiportu- nity, I would offer the following sentiment : (•LSERAL PcrN\^r. — Hi- r-lunly iial ridti.siu. his M'ir-sarrali<'in<; linnlty. )iis wilUiir;^ ness to do aiiytlun;,', darr aiiytUing. and risk <'vcrytliiij;j;, for liis country, should inspirf all the niillioni? who en.ioy tlu; fruits of his work witli a i-inrprc dt-sirc to bf rpady, iu any emergency, to imitate his nolilc oxauiplr. Witli great respect. I uin yours, etc., IIenkv C. Bowen. FROM A. II HOLLY, ESQ. Lakeville, February L'lst, 1S79 /.. P Ihihbrirr'. Esq : Dear Sir: — Y'our kind invitation to attend the Centennial Celebration of General Putnam's ride. etc.. reached mc only last evening, in conse- rpience of my absence from home. ,\ }>inor engagement prechidcs the possibility of my indulging in the pleasure of meeting yourself and the great company that will doubtless as- semble on that interesting occasion In these times of ([uestionable devotion to the best interests of the Fuion in some portions of our country, it is to be hoi)cd that every citizen who may join that assemblage, to do honor to the niemorj' of General Isra- el Putnam, may be imbued with the same spirit of patriotism and devotion to his whole country, which annimated him iu all his checkei-ed life Desiring that all possible success may attend your gathering. I am very truly yours, etc . , AH. Holly. 64 FROM EEV. LEONAED BACON. New Haven. Conn., Febraary 20th. ISTO. Z. P. Hubbard, E.sq,: Dear Sie : — I thank you aucl the committee, very heartily, for inviting roe to attend the Centennial Celebration of Gen. Putnam's famoiiy ride, I have been hoping that I might be able to accept the invitation, but I am disappointed. Other engagements are too imperative. 1 can only send you this iuadecpiate expression of my regret, and my trtist that the spii'it c f the old hero and those who fought imder him may live in Connecticut- through all coming agc:i. llcspcctfully yours, LjiONAr.D IjACON. FllOM GEN. J. A. GARFIELD. House of Repkesentative.'}. ^ Washington, D. C., February J 1th. l^7'.K \ LP. Hubbard, Esq., Greenwich, ('oiiii.: Dear Sir: — Yours of the 8th inst. , inviting Jiie to attend the Putnam Centennial Celebration on the '2'2A inst., is received. My duties here in the closing days of the session, render it impossiblo for me to acce^tt. I regret that I am not able to join in this tribute to the memory of the sturdy old hero who coutriljutcd so nobly (o (he achievement of our independence. Vi^'T truly yours, J. A. Garfield. FROM REV. W. F. HATFIELD. 30."> West ISth Htreet, New York, February L'Oth. IS 70. Mr L P Hubbard: Dear Sir: — Please accei>t my thanks for the honor of your kind invi- tation to attend the Centennial Celebration of General Israel Putnam's ride down Putnam's Hill, on Saturday, February L'l'd. It would afford me great pleasure to be present on an occasion so fraught with interest to every American citizen, es])eciall3' to those who arc the descendants of the fami- lies of the Republic, and sons, or the adopted sons of your honored State, but a pre^■ious engagement will debar me fronrthis jirivilegc . Trusting and believing that the ceremonies of the day will tend to strengthen the affection and veneration with which we cherish the memory of the heroes of the Revolution, and that all who particii)ate in them will take a deeper interest in the welfare of our country . I remain yours, very truly, W. F . Hatfield. Loan Exhibition OF IJEVOLUTIONAEY RELICS, AT THE PUTNAM COTTAGE, FEBRUARY 22, 1879. De. Holly — Pair Brass Candlesticks, Copper Coal Scuttle. Mes. Jabez Mead — Pair Brass Candlesticks, Home-made Bed Quilt, Bible, 1769, Pewter Platter, 17G0, Porirait General E. Mead, 1779, pair • Wool Cards, 1772, Chair, 17(59, Child's Jacket, 17G9, pair Pockets, 1769, Picture of Putnam's Ride. Mes. Yaeeington — Pair Andirons, Brass Fender. Mes. Jessup— Tea Pot, Sugar Bowl, Milk Pitcher, Captain McKay — China Tea Pot, China Tea Caddy, two Tea Cups, two China Cake Plates, pair Wine Glasses, Tiimbler. Mark Banks --Washington's Beef Cutter, pair Knee Buckles, one Jeweled Shoe Buckle, Coffee Pot, Milk Pitcher, Slop Bowl, Tea Cup, all China, W^edgewood Tea Pot and Sugar Bowl. Mes. Yaeeington — Snuffers and Tray, joair Bellows, jiair Andu'ons. Mes. Alvin Mead — Old Arm Chair, 1779. Mes. W. R. Talbot — One Sofa Chair 200 .years old, Chair came over with the Huguenots; one Set English China, thirty pieces, with Case; one Table, one Cover. Mrs. Button — One pair Silver Candlesticks, Snuffers and Tray, one pair Cups and Saucers, one Wedgewood Vase. Mes.W. G. Peck-Two jjair Bellows, 1776, one Swift, one pair Silvered Pottery Pitchers, Aaron Biu-r's Saucer, with Silver Sand, Feather Caiie, one Toby, Tifa from Aaron Buit's House, Cujj and Saucer, Silver Bible Clasp, Ancient Pui'se, with Continental Money, Si^ool Reel. Mes. J. Brush — Bed Quilt, Porti-ait of Lady, painted in 17r)8. Mes. Jessup — Picture of Putuaai's Ride, Mortar and Pestle, Portrait of Mrs. Margaret McKay. Mes. Reynolds — Silk Shawl. Mes. Augustus Mead — Water Bottle, Revolutionary Musket. Heney Webb — Pewter Platter, Bed Warmer. 66 Mes. Treat — Pewter Platter. Mks. Chukchill — Flag. Mes. W. B. Da.vis — Roger William' Chair. E. Bkush — Old Comb, found in the Putnam Cottage. Mks. Talbot — Brazier, 1779. Abeam Mead — Shoe Last, 129 years old, Butter Spaddle, 1776. Cane, 140 years old. J. R. Laweence — Samples. Mrs. Jabez Mead — Sword. Mrs. R Large China Tea Pot, Silvered Pottery Tea Pot and Sugar Bowl, Tuscan China. Mrs. Betts — Chair, 100 years old. Mrs. Sniffin — Photograph. Mes. Jabez Mead — Chair, Reel, Spinning Wheel, Table Cover. Mes. T. Mason— Table. Mes. N. Bush — Old Arm Chair, 1781, brought from England to Mrs. Han- nah Bush 1(581. Mrs. Nelson Bush — Portrait, painted about 1759, three Chairs, 150 years yeai's old, Cannon Ball. Mes. Peck — Portrait of Captain Samuel Dayton. Mrs. Titus Mead — Old Clock, two Chairs. D. S. Mead— Chair, 200 years old, Revokitionary Musket, from Putnam Cottage, three Chairs, Cartridge Box. Mrs. Yaeeington — Chaffing Dish, China Vases, Colonial Money, Table, China Plate. Miss McComb — Cup and Saucer, Silk Shawl. Mes. Edwaed Mead — Tripod Candlestick, Platter, Plate. Me. Wilkinson — Liquor Case, Chair. Mrs. Peck — Table, Shawl, Glass, Cup and Saucer, Brass Fender. B B 9. 3. 1 0^ i" 1^ ■'^^^' .^^' % ^m^'" >-^ % • O 'o . . A '5^,- .^ ^o^ b^^^. o V -f^. K^J- -tq. ^ % ^^ "^ o^ f^-" . \^>^^/__, ^ ^, o « .\1 ,^ v'^^ .N^^ %^^ ^'MU^ 7 . \' ->' % 1^r,*'o '^v C /,;■■ V6 > V ^^LA i>-^^ iO-rS ■°^ :^ . ^ ^ '-'it/--,- t-- ^-.cs* .%■ .( LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 011699 150 ^