PUBLICATIONS OF THE GENERAL EDUCATION BOARD OCCASIONAL PAPERS, No. 7 TEACHERS' SALARIES IN CERTAIN ENDOWED COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE UNITED STATES BY TREVOR ARNETT GENERAL EDUCATION BOARD 61 Broadway New York City 1921 PUBLICATIONS OF THE GENERAL EDUCATION BOARD REPORTS: THE GENERAL EDUCATION BOARD: AN ACCOUNT OF ITS ACTIVI- TIES, 1902-1914. CLOTH, 240 PAGES, WITH ^;i EULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS AND 3 1 MAPS. ANNUAL REPORTS: 1914-1915; 1915-1916; 1916-1917; 1917-1918; 1918-1919; 1919-1920. STUDIES: PUBLIC EDUCATION IN MARYLAND, BY ABRAHAM FLEXNER AND FRANK P. BACHMAN. PUBLIC EDUCATION IN DELAWARE. PUBLIC EDUCATION IN NORTH CAROLINA. PRIVATE ENDOWMENT AND PUBLIC EDUCATION A REPORT ON THE USE OF THE HANDLEY FUND, WINCHESTER, VA. TEACHER TRAINING DEPARTMENTS IN MINNESOTA HIGH SCHOOLS, BY LOTUS D. COFFMAN. COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY FINANCE, BY TREVOR ARNETT.* THE SURVEY OF THE GARY SCHOOLS: THE GARY SCHOOLS: A GENERAL ACCOUNT, BY ABRAHAM FLEXNER AND FRANK P. BACHMAN. ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION, BY GEORGE D. SIRAYEE AND FRANK P. BACHMAN. COSTS, BY FRANK P. BACHMAN AND RALPH BOWMAN. INDUSTRIAL WORK, BY CHARLES R. RICHARDS. HOUSEHOLD ARTS, BY EVA W. WHITE. PHYSICAL TRAINING AND PLAY, BY LEE F. HANMER. SCIENCE TEACHING, BY OTIS W. CALDWELL. MEASUREMENT OF CLASSROOM PRODUCTS, BY STUART A. COURTIS. OCCASIONAL PAPERS: 1. THE COUNTRY SCHOOL OF TO-MORROW, BY FREDERICK T. GATES. 2. CHANGES NEEDED IN AMERICAN SECONDARY EDUCATION, BY CHARLES W. ELIOT. 3. A MODERN SCHOOL, BY ABRAHAM FLEXNER. 4. THE FUNCTION AND NEEDS OF SCHOOLS OF EDUCATION IN UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES, BY EDWIN A. ALDERMAN. 5. LATIN AND THE A. B. DEGREE, BY CHARLES W. ELIOT. 6. THE WORTH OF ANCIENT LITERATURE TO THE MODERN WORLD, BY VISCOUNT BRYCE. 7. teachers' SALARIES IN CERTAHSf ENDOWED COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE UNITED STATES, BY TREVOR ARNETT. *In Preparation The REPORTS issued by the Board are official accounts of its activities and ex- penJitures. The STUDIEIS represent work in the field of educational investigation and research which the Board has made possible by aopropriations defraying all or part of the expense involved. The OCCA.SICNAL PAPELRS are essays on matters of cur- rent educational discussion, presenting topirsof immediate interest from various points of view. In issuing the STUDIES and OCCASIONAL PAPERS, the Board acts sim- ply as publisher, assuming no responsibility for the opinions of the authors. Any publication of the Board may be obtained on request. LIBRARY -OF rCONGRESS APRl 51921 U-^-^.Ki TEACHERS' SALARIES IN CERTAIN ENDOWED COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES IN THE UNITED STATES I N DECEMBER 1919, Mr. John D. Rockefeller, in present- ing to the General Education Board securities valued at about $50,000,000, addressed to it the following communication: December 18, 1919. General Education Board, 61 Broadway, New York City. Gentlemen: The attention of the American public has recently been drawn to the urgent and immediate necessity of providing more adequate salaries to members of the teaching profession. It is of the highest importance that those entrusted with the education of youth and the increase of knowledge should not be led to abandon their calling by reason of financial pressure or to cling to it amid dis- couragements due to financial limitations. It is of equal importance to our fu- ture welfare and progress that able and aspiring young men and women should not for similar reasons be deterred from devoting their lives to teaching. Moved by these considerations, I herewith give to the General Education Board the securities set forth in the accompanying schedule. While this gift is made for the general corporate purposes of the Board, I should cordially endorse a decision to use the principal as well as the income as promptly and largely as may seem wise for the purpose of cooperating with the higher institu- tions of learning in raising sums specifically devoted to the increase of teachers' salaries. Very truly yours, (Signed) John D. Rockefeller. Before the General Education Board could take intelhgent action Purpose with regard to the use of the gift, it was necessary to ascertain the present situation respecting teachers' salaries in the higher in- stitutions of learning; how it compares with that which existed in 1914-1915, before the war; what steps, if any, have been taken by the institutions themselves to increase salaries to meet the increase in the cost of Hving; what further steps institutions may contem- plate looking to that end, in case measures thus far taken are not yet entirely adequate.^ In order to obtain the data needed for the study, two question- Nature naires were sent to colleges and universities supposed to be eUgible survey 'The survey reports conditions as of April, 1920. 3 Kinds of data sought Compila- tion of data Method of classi- fication for aid. Replies were received from 249 institutions — more than 96 per cent, of the Ust. As a general rule, the questions asked were clearly answered, especially by the larger and older estabUshed in- stitutions, but there is no doubt that some of the rephes are not entirely accurate and reliable, and, in a few cases, cannot be used because of their inaccuracies. However, for the purpose which was contemplated, the data obtained are adequate, and the amount of error will not materially modify conclusions which may be formed as to the general situation. The first questionnaire sought the following information for the years 1914-1915 and 1919-1920: 1. Regarding the instructional staff — the number employed, the rank, and the salaries paid. 2. The salary scale in effect and the budget income and expenditures under eight headings. 3. The percentage which each class of income or expenditures is of the total. 4. The attendance, tuition fees paid, and balance sheet. The object of this questionnaire was to find out the facts in the present situation and their variance from the situation existing in 1914-1915. The second questionnaire asked what increases in salaries had been authorized, either for the present year or for the future; what further increases were under consideration; what financial provi- sions had been made or contemplated to care for the increases; how far the resources of the institutions are adequate to provide for the increases authorized and planned, and what amount, if any, must be obtained from outside sovu-ces. The material obtained has been edited and tabulated, and cer- tain general and specific facts have been secured which will be shown in separate tables. The country was divided into five geographical divisions, as fol- lows, because it was thought that the cost of living in the same division would be affected by approximately the same set of con- ditions: I. New England States — comprising Connecticut New Hampshire Maine Rhode Island Massachusetts Vermont 2. Middle Atlantic States — comprising New Jersey New York Pennsylvania 3. Southern States — comprising Alabama Maryland Arkansas Mississippi Delaware North Carolina District of Columbia Oklahoma Florida South Carolina Georgia Tennessee Kentucky Texas Louisiana Virginia West Virginia 4- Middle Western States — comprismg Illinois Missouri Indiana Nebraska Iowa North Dakota Kansas Ohio Michigan South Dakota Minnesota Wisconsin 5- Western States — comprising Arizona Nevada California New Mexico Colorado Oregon Idaho Utah Montana Washington Wyoming The institutions were then divided into three groups: 1. Men's and Coeducational Colleges and Universities 2. Women's Colleges 3. Colleges for Negroes A further classification was made on the basis of attendance, since the size of the faculty is dependent upon the size of the student body; and since, for the subject under review, this basis of classi- fication seemed sounder than one built upon the resources, or scale of salaries paid. The classes are as follows: Class A — institutions having an attendance of 1,000 and over Class B — institutions whose attendance ranges between 500 and 1,000 Class C — institutions having fewer than 500 students The following table shows the number of institutions to which the questionnaires were sent hsted under the five geographical divi- sions according to their classes: CLASSES TOTAL NEW ENGLAND STATES MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES SOUTH- ERN STATES MIDDLE WESTERN STATES WESTERN STATES Men's and Coeducational Colleges Class A Class B Class C 36 41 181 6 3 10 8 9 14 6 9 42 i3 18 53 3 2 12 208 19 31 57 84 17 Women's Colleges Class A Class B Class C 4 8 24 3 2 2 1 2 3 4 12 6 1 36 7 6 16 6 1 Colleges for Negroes Class B Class C 10 5 1 10 4 15 1 14 Grand Totals 259 26 38 87 90 18 The material received has been compiled under the above geo- graphical divisions, groups and classes and the conditions prevaiUng therein have been set forth, first in separate detail and later in sum- maries.i It is with the latter that we are now chiefly concerned. The most complete information was furnished for the colleges of arts, Hterature and science; the officers of institutions for the most part assumed that Mr. Rockefeller's gift would be used exclusively for colleges of arts, literature and science, and only occasionally did they furnish complete details for the professional schools as well. However, such data, wherever supphed, have been tabulated and edited separately. The summaries for the colleges of arts, literature and science show that, comparing the present year 1919-1920 with 1914-1915, there have been the percentages of increase in salaries shown in the following table. It will be noted that the table includes data regarding "assistants" and "others". Conditions with reference iThe number of institutions reporting in answer to different queries varied slightly as inspection of the tables wiU show. But the variations do not affect perceptibly either the statistics or deductions. w H « 6! |.i 00 to I I ft w oquscq i-Ho6 as ^ § s S ri < Z g H (4 ft w ^I ■<*«5C0 oico'cq th c7„ the cost ot 22 food products entering into the average family expendi- ture for a year increased from 1913 to December, 1919, as follows: In New England States . Middle Atlantic States Southern States Middle Western States Western States . 93 per cent. 97 per cent. 98 per cent. 101 per cent. 8^ per cent. It was further learned, from a reprint of a report published in the Monthly Labor Review, September, 1919, pp. 50-52, that from December, 1914, to June, 1919, the per cent, of increase in cost of living in a selected hst of cities for an average family — food, cloth- ing, housing, fuel and light, furniture and furnishings, and miscel- laneous — was as follows : In New England States Middle Atlantic States Southern States Middle Western States Western States . 73-52 79.89 80.8s 78.69 68.45 The figures in the articles referred to were given under various cities in alphabetical order. In order to get the results accord- ing to the above geographical divisions, they were rearranged. It must be kept in mind that the figures given apply to cities, whereas many colleges and universities are situated in rural com- munities. Yet one may reasonably infer that the percentage of increase in cost of living in the country would correspond with that for cities. There have been some increases in the cost of living since June and December, 191 9, but most of the increase since 1913 is included in the figures here given. In Research Report No. 25 of the National Industrial Conference Board, De- cember, 1919, page 22, the percentages of increase between July, 1914, and November, 1919, in the cost of living in average Ameri- can conmiunities, by separate budget items, are given as follows: BUDGET ITEMS RELATIVE IMPORTANCE IN FAMILY BUDGET PER CENT. INCREASE IN COST BETWEEN JULY, 1914, and NOVEMBER, I919 PER CENT. INCREASE AS RELATED TO ' TOTAL BUDGET PER CENT. All Items 100.0 82.2 Food Shelter Clothing _ Fuel, heat and light .... Sundries 43.1 17.7 13.2 5.6 20.4 92 38 135 48 75 39.7 6.7 17.8 2.7 15.3 A scrutiny of the replies to the second questionnaire develops the fact that practically all of the institutions realize that the increases of salary made for the present year (1919-1920) are inadequate, usually ranging from 20 to 35 per cent, of the increase in cost of living. The institutions have, therefore, planned or authorized increases for next year. In very few instances, however, do the in- creases granted plus the increases proposed even approximate the increase in the cost of living. For the average percentage of increase in salary of teachers and average salary paid in colleges of arts, literature and science in each of the several divisions of the country, see the following table: PERCENTAGE OF SALARY INCREASES AND AVERAGE SALARIES PAID IN MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL COLLEGES AND WOMEN'S COLLEGES men's and coeducational women's COMBINED PER PER PER DIVISIONS aver- age CENT. OF in- AVER- AGE CENT. OF IN- AVER- AGE CENT. OF IN- salary crease salary CREASE SALARY CREASE I9I9- since I919- SINCE I919- SINCE 1920 I9I4- I9IS 1920 1914- 19IS 1920 I914- I9IS New England States. . Middle Atlantic States $2,415 2,157 24.6 21.9 $1,791 2,084 21.3 18.5 $2,199 2,142 22.6 21.2 Southern States 1,894 22.9 1,444 25.0 1,775 22.7 Middle Western States 2,006 31.5 1,304 35.7 1,967 32.2 Western States 2,188 27.8 1,462 16.2 2,139 $2,031 26.8 Totals — Country $2,106 26.0 $1,715 22.3 25.2 lO The following table gives the results of an analysis which has been made of the salaries paid to teachers in the institutions re- porting to the Board and the per cent, of the total receiving the same amount per year: PER CENT. OF THE TOTAL WmCH THE SALARIES PAH) NUMBER OF PER CENT. AGGREGATE OF SAL- TEACHERS FROM TO OF TOTAL ARIES IS UP TO AND INCLUDING ANY UNIT OF SALARY PAID 368 $ Up to $ 600 4.3 320 601 900 3.7 8.0 1,044 901 1,200 12.2 20.2 1,142 1,201 1,500 13.4 33.6 1,274 1,501 1,800 14.9 48.5 1,099 1,801 2,100 12.9 61.4 757 2,101 2,400 8.9 70.3 674 2,401 2,700 7.9 78.2 656 2,701 3,000 7.7 85.9 198 3,001 3,300 2.3 88.2 198 3,301 3,600 2.3 90.5 87 3,601 3,900 1.0 91.5 207 3,901 4,200 2.4 93.9 126 4,201 4,500 1.5 95.4 173 4,501 5,000 2.0 97.4 125 5,001 6,000 1.5 98.9 92 6,001 plus 1.1 100.0 Total 8,540 100.0 Note: Since "assistants" and "others" are not part of the regular instruc- tional staff, they are not included in the above statement. .„. . , As before stated, the ofl&cials of institutions recognize the necessity Financial . . . , , . r , i 1 1 • i i provision for increasmg the salaries of the teachers, and have considered ways for salary g^j^(j means for doing so. The plans for obtaining funds for the increases or o most part follow three general lines: 1. Increase of tuition and other fees. 2. Solicitation of gifts for an emergency or sustaining fund for a few years until, it is hoped, the emergency will be past. 3. Solicitation for further endowment. The first of the three plans is the one usually resorted to first, be- cause it is readily available and promises prompt results. From the rephes which have been received, we find that the tui- tion cost to the student has increased since 1914-1915 as shown in the following table: o o II PERCENTAGE OF INCREASE IN TUITION COST TO STUDENT IN COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE GROUPS AND CLASSES NEW ENGLAND STATES MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES SOUTH- ERN STATES MIDDLE WESTERN STATES WEST- ERN STATES Men's and Coeduca- tional Class A Inst Class B Inst Class C Inst 20.8 40.9 10.5 34.9 11.0 32.9 17.7 18.0 30.7 35.1 32.7 28.9 *66.6 51.5 19.6 Women's Colleges Class A Inst Class B Inst Class C Inst. 9.2 50.4 36.8 100.0 24.6 25.5 53.6 21.6 5.0 41.0 *One institution is now charging tuition which did not heretofore. The average increase in fees in men's and coeducational institutions for the period is 25.3 per cent., and in women's colleges 23.4 per cent. Just as the institutions have found that the increases of salary already authorized are insufficient to meet the situation, so also do they believe that the increases in tuition and other fees are not all that students might bear of the increased operating costs. It is found that very many of them have already authorized further increases in fees for next year or are planning to do so. There is a somewhat prevalent impression that the students' fees in the ag- gregate should approximately equal the salary roll of the instruc- tional staff. If this theory is accepted, it follows that both the fee and the salary should be increased pari passu. It is interesting to note how far this theory is now true in the institutions covered in this survey. The following tables give the total salaries paid for instruction and the fees paid by students in all departments of the institutions: TEACHERS' SALARIES— ALL DEPARTMENTS DIVISIONS men's and coeducational institutions women's colleges New England States Middle Atlantic States. . . Southern States $ 5,330,810 4,988,419 2,694,687 6,584,930 1,310,518 $ 1,002,557 684,745 627,010 178,655 59,495 Middle Western States. . . Western States $20,909,364 $2,552,462 12 RECEIPTS FROM STUDENTS— ALL DEPARTMENTS New England States. . . Middle Atlantic States. Southern States Middle Western States. . Western States $ 4^40,318 5,138,477 2,178,818 5,765,971 973,536 $ 18,297,120 1,356,994 821,901 947,681 258,663 152,475 $ 3,537,714 In the men's and coeducational institutions it will be seen that the receipts from students comprise 87.5 per cent, of the instructional roll on the average. In the case of women's colleges, the stu- dents' fees, which include certain special charges, more than pay the instructional roll. Many institutions very properly hesitate to increase tuition fees lest they make it impossible for students of limited means to attend college at all. In so far as the students come from the merchant and manufacturing classes, whose profits and salaries have been commen- surate with the increased cost of living, there appears to be no reason why they should not pay proportionately the same amount as they paid formerly. But where they come from families of teachers, preachers and others of similar situation, whose compensation has not kept pace with the cost of living, an increase in tuition fees works hardship and may even exclude some from obtaining a college education. Since this latter class has always eagerly sought an education, and has produced many eminent men, the question may seriously be raised whether any large increase in tuition rates would not tend to create a class privileged to obtain an education, and exclude less fortunate persons. The second recourse — sohcitation of gifts for an emergency or sustaining fund — has been resorted to very generally. It is very gratifying, and augurs well for the continued support of educa- tional ideals, to find how universally the alumni and friends have responded to the appeal. Some college administrators take the ground that asking for annual contributions for current ex- penses may be more productive and satisfactory than an appeal occasionally for endowment. The third method of obtaining the necessary revenue — that of solicitation of larger endowment — has also been put in operation. 13 Institutions have adopted it on the apparent assumption that the present situation is not a temporary or passing one, but is likely to continue. Judging from the number of campaigns under way or con- templated, and the amounts sought, there is expectation of a gener- ous attitude on the part of the public. There is doubtless reason for this hope because of the pubUc appreciation of the gravity of the situation, and the educational value of campaigns already under- taken by the larger institutions. Among these campaigns one kind must be particularly mentioned, viz., the various "church drives'' which are now being launched, which include among other ob- jects the needs of the colleges of the respective denominations. In the opinion of the officials of certain institutions, the grants thus apportioned will, when and if realized, be sufficient to meet the needs of the institutions. It should be observed, however, that these funds will not be available immediately, but will be payable in annual installments for a period of four or five years. If these movements are successful, the colleges at the close of the period men- tioned will be well cared for. In the meantime, however, the in- stitutions need help in caring for their current expenses. Li addition to the plans for increasing the revenue of institutions just recited, church conferences and boards, especially those of the Methodist denomination, are educating their constituencies to make per capita annual contributions for educational purposes, which in the aggregate amount to large sums. In the Southern States this method has in many cases provided the funds needed to make the increases of salary which have been authorized. The replies received to the questionnaires show that in very few instances has any attempt been made to curtail expenses. Where efforts have been made they have generally taken the form of reduc- ing scholarships offered from general funds, or by combining depart- ments whose work was somewhat similar in kind. It is highly probable that economies in expenditure could be effected if serious study were given to the problem. The result to the institution would be more beneficial than an increase of resources. The need of increasing instructional salaries is but a part of the Problem difficulties which confront college trustees and officers. The sur- °^„ college vey reveals the fact that instructional salaries on the average oflBicials now form but 47 per cent, of the total budget expenditures, and 14 that the remaining expenditures have increased by leaps and bounds, especially those for the operation and maintenance of the plant, and for supplies and equipment. Moreover, the demands in these cases are much more insistent and imperious, with the re- sult that the income derived from increased tuition fees has been devoted to these imperative needs and very little to teachers' sal- aries. The total budget expenditures of the institutions reporting in- creased 50.1 per cent, since 1914-1915, a portion of which was due to enlargesnent. The expenses of operation and maintenance of plant increased 74 per cent, while the amount paid for salaries increased but 42.6 per cent. Thus it will be seen that the cost of keeping the plant in operation increased 23.9 per cent, above the average increase, while the amount paid for instruction was 7.5 per cent, below the average increase. In 1914-1915, the amount paid for instruction constituted 49.5 per cent, of the total budget expenditures, while in 1919-1920 it had gone down to 47 per cent. The amount paid for operation and maintenance of plant in 1914- 191 5 was 14.8 per cent, of the total budget expenditures. In the present year 1919-1920 it has risen to 17.2 per cent. While expenses have been increasing in all directions, income from endowments, which for the most part are usually invested in long-time securities, has remained fixed, and its purchasing power has shrunk. The combined efifect of all these causes has been that teachers have been the last to receive benefit. As a result, many of them have left the profession for more lucra- tive positions, and the situation is rendered more trying for college boards because, the supply of teachers being limited, they are forced to bid against one another to fill vacancies in their staffs. They also appoint new and inexperienced teachers at a much higher salary than their predecessors received, and higher than that re- ceived by some of the older teachers of superior rank, thus creating an intolerable situation. The "mortality" in college faculties due to resignation or trans- fer to other institutions since 1914-1915 appears from the survey to be very great, in some cases as high as 85 per cent., and on the average fully 35 per cent. Just how large a part of this is due to withdrawals because of war activities, and what part to the inad- 15 equacy of salary, it is impossible to determine. But the efifect, so far as the colleges are concerned, is identical. Teachers' salaries paid this year (1919-1920) in the schools and Salary colleges reporting are as follows: Sstruc- tion Arts, Literature and Science: Men's and Coeducational Institutions . . $12,057,484 Women's Colleges 2,327,291 $14,384,757 Professional: Education $ 799,167 Music 406,956 Fine Arts 208,476 Law 461,328 Medicine 1,198,268 Engineering 2,434,366 Theology 223,141 Others 772,639 $6,504,341 Total . $20,889,116 Colleges for Negroes are not included here because in many instances their financial affairs are managed through Home Mission Boards, and special Education Boards, and it was not practicable at this time to get information from them, but possibly $350,000 more should be added to the above sum on account of institutions for Negroes. The teachers' salaries given on page 11 include all departments of instruction and summer sessions, correspondence study, and the like, which are not included in the figures just given. More- over, some institutions included professional schools in the total instructional salaries, but did not give the details sep- arately. Among many factors which have to be considered in judging the adequacy of the teacher's remuneration, perhaps no single factor is more important than the teacher's responsibihty to his family. Inquiry has, therefore, been made, in order to ascertain how many of the teachers reported in the above schedule are married and how many unmarried. The following table gives this information approximately, for the several divisions of the country, for the year 1919-1920: i6 NUMBER 0F INSTITUTIONS REPORTING PERCENTAGES OF FACULTY MARRIED UNMARRIED 42 New England States 62 60 56 61 71 38 35 Middle Atlantic States 40 81 Southern States 44 72 Middle Western States 39 19 Western States 29 249 Totals 61 39 CONCLUSION The data above given show clearly that our higher institutions of learning, which are supported by endowment, are seriously men- aced through lack of funds to pay adequate salaries to teachers. Business economies may be effected by the introduction of more efl&cient methods of conducting strictly business operations, yet there is grave danger that large numbers of able men may be driven from academic life and that young men and women of abihty may be deterred from entering academic careers. It is in- cumbent upon those who believe in the importance of endowed col- leges and universities as factors in our educational development to cooperate promptly and generously in assuring their future. APPENDIX The appendix consists of statistical tables and statements re- garding teachers' salaries in certain colleges and universities, ar- ranged geographically, by groups and classes with reference to: 1. Number of teachers by ranks in 1914-1915 and 1919-1920; 2. Total salaries paid, by ranks, in 1914-1915 and 1919-1920; 3. Average salaries paid, by ranks, in 1914-1915 and 1919- 1920; 4. Per cent, of increase in salaries since 1914-1915, by ranks. The statements give the information regarding Colleges of Arts, Literature and Science, and also for the several professional schools whenever it was furnished for the latter. The data are arranged in the following manner: 1. For Men's and Coeducational Institutions; 2. For Women's Colleges; 3. For Colleges for Negroes. In the case of the professional schools, the several ranks of teach- ers are not given separately because of the many statements re- quired for that purpose and because the essential facts are shown by the present arrangement. Data are given, also, regardmg: — 1. The attendance, the tuition fees paid, the average tuition fee per student, and per cent, of increase; 2. Percentages which the amount paid for instruction and cost of operation of buildings and grounds are of total budget expenditures. All of the above data are arranged geographically by the respect- ive groups, classes and divisions. 17 19 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Summary DIVISIONS AI«) CLASSES PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TmK BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OFIN- I914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 19-06 12 I914-IS 1919-20 I. New En Class A B C gland St 617.7 89.9 302.4 ates 643.0 96.0 327.9 1,163,275 180,856 612,076 1,561,809 223,790 790,977 1,883 2,012 2,024 2,429 2,331 2,412 29.0 15.9 19.2 1,010.0 1,066.9 1,956,207 2,576,576 1,937 2,415 24.6 II. Middle Class A B C Atlantic 516.7 171.9 308.5 States 571.1 207.4 345.1 933,387 281,948 549,855 1,227,436 427,521 768,450 1,806 1,640 1,782 2,149 2,061 2,227 19.0 25.7 25.0 997.1 1,123.6 1,765,190 2,423,407 1,770 2,157 21.9 III. Souther Class A B C n States 164.7 180.8 454.0 181.2 234.6 527.5 335,570 285,387 611,569 438,815 440,715 907,294 2,037 1,578 1,347 2,421 1,879 1,719 18.8 19.1 27.6 799.5 943.3 1,232,526 1,786,824 1,541 1,894 22.9 IV. Middle Class A B C Western 678.6 440.9 766.6 States 788.1 544.7 847.8 1,318,905 584,769 973,433 1,991,374 938,917 1,443,389 1,943 1,326 1,269 2,526 1,723 1,702 30.0 29.9 34.1 1,886.1 2,180.6 2,877,107 4,373,680 1,525 2,006 31.5 V. Western Class A B C States 160.8 65.0 130.2 186.5 73.2 150.3 348,555 93,963 166,990 507,256 150,596 239,145 2,168 1,446 1,283 2,720 2,057 1,591 25.4 42.3 24.0 356.0 410.0 609.508 896,997 1,712 2,188 27.8 Totals Class A B C 2,138.5 948.5 1,961.7 2,369.9 1,155.9 2,198.6 4,099,692 1,426,923 2,913,923 5,726,690 2,181,539 4,149,255 1,917 1,504 1,485 2,416 1,887 1,887 26.0 25.4 27.1 5,048.7 5,724.4 8,440,538 12,057,484 1,672 2,106 26.0 WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES^OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Summary DIVISIONS AND CLASSES PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TTMF, BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- I914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I914-15 19 I 9-20 I. New En Class A B C gland St 330.5 85.5 37.5 ates 405.4 92.7 63.2 509,263 110,040 50,110 738,907 162,648 103,523 1,540 1,287 1,336 1,822 1,755 1,638 18.3 36.4 22.6 453.5 561.3 669,413 1,005,078 1,476 1,791 21.3 II. Middle Class A B C Atlantic 93.1 64.0 103.5 States 107.0 73.0 117.5 156,134 131,000 171,273 201,680 195,050 223,350 1,677 2,046 1,655 1,885 2,672 1,900 12.4 30.6 14.8 260.6 297.5 458,407 620,080 1,759 2,084 18.5 III. Souther Class A B C n States 106.0 154.7 148.7 192.7 154,711 146,515 251,532 241,366 1,469 947 1,691 1,252 15.9 32.2 260.7 341.4 301,226 492,898 1,155 1,444 25.0 IV. Middle Class A B C Western 133.2 States 127.4 127,982 166,095 961 1,304 35.7 133.2 127.4 127,982 166,095 961 1,304 35.7 V. Western Class A B C States 21.5 29.5 27,050 43,140 1,258 1,462 16.2 21.5 29.5 27,050 43,140 1,258 1,462 16.2 Totals Class A B C 423.6 265.5 450.4 512.4 314.4 530.3 665,397 395,751 622,930 940,587 609,230 777,474 1,571 1,549 1,161 1,835 1,938 1,466 16.8 25.1 26.3 Grand Totals 1,129.5 1,357.1 1,584,078 2,327,291 1,402 1,715 22.3 21 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE New England States Class A Number Included 5 RANKS PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TIME BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OFIN- I 914-15 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instruc- tors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 164.1 5.0 103.8 183.2 136.0 25.6 178.7 7.0 118.8 192.5 110.6 35.4 614,763 18,000 268,543 182,847 47,489 31,633 826,927 27,200 347,271 248,299 50,508 61,604 3,746 3,600 2,587 998 349 1,236 4,627 3,886 2,923 1,290 457 1,740 23.5 7.9 12.9 29.3 30.9 40.7 Totals . . . 617.7 643.0 1,163,275 1,561,809 1,883 2,429 29.0 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE New England States Class B Number Included 2 RANKS PERSONS IN FACULTY re- duced TO A FULL-TIME BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE 1914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instruc- tors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 38.4 14.0 16.0 15.9 4.9 .7 38.0 14.0 21.9 16.2 4.8 1.1 104,445 30,650 24,449 15,912 4,050 1,350 180,856 121,206 31,550 42,890 21,211 4,700 2,233 2,720 2,189 1,528 1,001 827 1,929 3,190 2,254 1,958 1,309 979 2,030 17.3 3.0 28.1 30.8 18.3 5.2 Totals. 89.9 96.0 223,790 2,012 2,331 15.9 22 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE New England States Class C Number Included io PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES PAID AVERAGE SALARIES PER KANKS DUCED TO A FULL-TTMF, BASIS (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF m- I 9 14-15 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 19x4-15 1919-20 1, Professors 154.5 165.8 409,158 521,695 2,648 3,147 18.8 2. Associate Professors 28.0 26.8 52,350 58,150 1,870 2,170 16.0 3. Assistant Professors 44.3 46.7 70,233 83,350 1,585 1,824 15.1 4. Instruc- tors 53.1 50.6 58,645 74,700 1,104 1,476 33.7 5. Assistants 15.5 16.0 12,710 15,552 820 972 18.5 6. Others... 7.0 23.0 8,980 37,530 1,283 1,632 27.2 Totals. 302.4 327.9 612,076 790,977 2,024 2,412 19.2 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Middle Atlantic States Class A Number Included 5 ranks PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TIME BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE salaries PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-IS 1919-20 I9I4-IS 1919-20 I9I4-15 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instruc- tors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 176.4 12.0 102.8 166.5 54.0 5.0 207.1 14.0 109.0 169.2 70.8 1.0 516,548 17,800 180,748 171,873 43,035 3,383 933,387 686,365 30,760 225,850 226,510 57,071 900 2,928 1,483 1,758 1,032 797 677 3,891 2,196 2,072 1,339 806 900 32.8 48.1 17.9 29.7 1.1 32.9 Totals. 516.7 571.1 1,227,436 1,806 2,149 19.0 23 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Middle Atlantic States Class B Number Included 6 PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES average salaries PER RANKS DUCED TO A FULL-TTAfF, BASIS (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-IS 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1, Professors 76.9 91.0 167,783 241,516 2,182 2,654 21.6 2. Associate Professors 7.0 17.0 12,640 40,600 1,806 2,388 32.2 3. Assistant Professors 32.5 35.0 48,600 69,220 1,495 1,978 32.3 4. Instruc- tors 44.0 50.0 44,130 63,445 1,003 1,269 26.5 5. Assistants 10.5 14.4 8,395 12,740 800 885 10.6 6. Others... 1.0 400 400 Totals. 171.9 207.4 281,948 427,521 1,640 2,061 25.7 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Middle Atlantic States Class C Number Included 12 RANKS PERSONS IN faculty RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TTMF, BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE 1914-I5 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 164.4 26.0 31.0 79.3 5.3 2.5 169.3 48.5 44.5 67.5 13.8 1.5 360,525 52,750 49,200 80,250 4,230 2,900 456,185 111,160 87,650 97,730 13,625 2,100 2,193 2,029 1,587 1,012 798 116 2,695 2,292 1,970 1,448 987 140 22.9 13.0 24.1 43.1 23.7 20.7 Totals. 308.5 345.1 649,855 768,450 1,782 2,227 25.0 24 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Southern States Class A Nxbiber Included 5 RANKS PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TTMF, BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF m- I914-15 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 76.2 29.5 19.3 24.6 15.1 88.5 20.0 22.0 37.1 12.6 1.0 210,280 68,750 25,600 22,160 8,780 274,025 55,915 42,200 56,675 8,600 1,400 2,759 2,330 1,326 900 581 3,096 2,795 1,918 1,527 682 1,400 12.2 19.9 44.6 69.6 17.3 Totals. 164.7 181.2 335,570 438,815 2,037 2,421 18.8 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Southern States Class B Number Included 9 persons in faculty re- total salaries AVERAGE salaries PER RANKS duced to a full-time basis (dollars) PAID (dollars) cent. OF IN- CREASE I9I4-IS 1919-20 I9I4-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 103.7 119.6 200,580 287,160 1,934 2,401 24.1 2. Associate Professors 13.0 26.1 21,730 50,840 1,672 1,948 16.5 8. Assistant Professors 18.0 27.0 28,425 49,770 1,579 1,843 16.7 4. Instructors 31.6 33.5 29,442 42,320 932 1,263 35.5 5. Assistants 14.5 27.4 5,210 8,025 359 293 *18.3 6. Others. .. 1.0 2,600 2,600 1,879 Totals. 180.8 234.6 285,387 440,715 1,578 19.1 *Decrease. 25 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Southern States Class C Number Included 38 RANKS PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TrMTK BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF m- I914-15 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 339.7 28.2 26.2 39.9 15.0 5.0 379.6 16.7 42.3 63.7 18.2 7.0 514,073 34,698 27,999 28,365 3,914 2,520 737,386 29,636 61,134 68,479 7,559 3,100 1,513 1,230 1,068 710 260 504 1,942 1,774 1,445 1,075 415 442 28.3 44.2 35.2 51.4 59.6 *12.3 Totals. . 454.0 527.5 611,569 907,294 1,347 1,719 27.6 ' Decrease. MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Middle Western States Class A Number Included 9 RANKS persons in FACULTY re- duced to a FULL-TTWE BASIS TOTAL salaries PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE 1914-IS 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 221.4 91.0 96.5 167.2 99.3 3.2 255.9 104.2 126.2 174.1 126.0 1.7 690,517 191,625 174,917 191,310 67,061 3,475 1,016,068 297,446 294,033 272,903 109,174 1,750 3,118 2,105 1,812 1,144 675 1,085 3,970 2,854 2,329 1,567 866 1,029 27.3 35.5 28.5 36.9 28.2 *5.1 Totals. . 678.6 788.1 1,318,905 1,991,374 1,943 2,526 30.0 * Decrease. 26 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE MrooLE Western States Class B Number Included 20 RANKS persons in faculty re- duced to a full-ttmf, basis TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT OF IN- CREASE I914-15 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I914-I5 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 266.2 18.0 41.0 95.2 19.5 1.0 302.2 20.5 70.2 127.8 24.0 410,770 22,150 49,975 91,164 9,410 1,300 622,860 34,450 117,910 159,092 4,605 1,543 1,230 1,218 957 482 1,300 2,061 1,680 1,679 1,244 192 33.5 36.5 37.8 29.9 *60.1 Totals. . 440.9 544.7 584,769 938,917 1,326 1,723 29.9 "Decrease MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Middle Western States Class C Number Included 51 RANKS PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TIME BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) per CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-IS 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 1. Professors 534.7 606.5 751,163 1,126,009 1,405 1,856 32.0 2. Associate Professors 20.7 21.0 25,118 32,500 1,213 1,547 27.5 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 64.7 129.7 84.2 124.2 71,781 114,737 121,230 153,096 1,109 884 1,439 1,232 29.7 39.3 5. Assistants 15.8 11.2 9,334 9,404 590 839 42.2 6. Others... 1.0 .7 1,300 1,150 1,300 1,642 26.3 Totals. . 766.6 847.8 973,433 1,443,389 1,269 1,702 34,1 27 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Western States Class A Ntbiber Included 3 persons m faculty re- total salaries PAID average salaries PER ranks duced TO A full-time basis (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF IN- CREASE I9I4-IS 1919-20 I9I4-IS 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 1. Professors 76.0 91.8 198,820 304,566 2,616 3,318 26.8 2. Associate Professors 28.5 27.3 62,925 79,500 2,208 2,912 31.9 3. Assistant Professors 27.0 28.8 53,000 68,400 1,963 2,375 21.0 4, Instructors 25.8 33.8 32,370 51,715 1,255 1,530 21.9 5. Assistants 3.5 4.8 1,440 3,075 411 641 56.0 6. Others... Totals.. 160.8 186.5 348,555 507,256 2,168 2,720 25.4 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Western States Class B Number Included 2 PERSONS m FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES average salaries PER RANKS DUCED TO A FULL-TIME BASIS PAID (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-15 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 29.0 28.5 52,800 70,550 1,821 2,475 35.9 2. Associate Professors 2.0 9.1 3,000 18,475 1,500 2,030 35.3 3. Assistant Professors 18.0 21.0 21,400 42,750 1,189 2,036 71.2 4. Instructors 15.0 14.4 16,063 18,521 1,071 1,286 20.0 5. Assistants 1.0 .2 700 300 700 1,500 114.2 6. Others... Totals. . 65.0 73.2 93,963 150,596 1,446 2,057 42.3 28 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE ADN SCIENCE Western States Class C Number iNCLtnoED lo PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES AVERAGE SALARIES PER KANKS DUCED TO A FULL-TrUF. BASIS (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-IS 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 I9I4-I5 1919-20 1. Professors 103.6 112.2 138,850 194,913 1,340 1,737 29.6 2. Associate Professors 5.7 5.1 6,300 8,517 1,105 1,670 51.1 3. Assistant Professors 6.5 11.6 8,900 15,460 1,369 1,333 *2.6 4. Instructors 11.7 17.2 12,267 18,545 1,048 1,078 2.8 5. Assistants 2.2 3.7 523 1,560 238 422 77.3 6. Others... .5 .5 150 150 300 300 Totals.. 130.2 150.3 166,990 239,145 1,283 1,591 24.0 ' Decrease WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE New England States Class A Number Included RANKS PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TTMF. BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE I 914-15 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 65.0 49.9 34.0 141.2 25.1 15.3 87.0 54.3 77.0 142.8 26.1 18.2 162,525 94,025 55,600 164,364 19,261 13,488 509,263 240,295 113,690 139,355 198,515 23,812 23,240 2,500 1,884 1,635 1,164 767 882 2,762 2,094 1,810 1,390 912 1,276 10.4 11.1 lo.a 19.4 18.9 44.6 Totals. . 330.5 405.4 738,907 1,540 1,822 18.3 29 WOMEN'S COLLEGES colleges of arts, literature and science New England States Class B Number Included i RANKS PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TIME BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 18.0 26.0 28.0 10.0 3.5 24.7 26.0 3.0 23.5 13.0 2.5 34,195 37,275 28,305 5,465 4,800 69,225 45,180 4,950 29,384 10,409 3,500 1,900 1,434 1,011 547 1,371 2,803 1,738 1,650 1,250 801 1,400 1,755 47.5 21.2 23.S 46.4 2.1 Totals.. 85.5 92.7 110,040 162,648 1,287 36.4 WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE New England States Class C Number Included i PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES AVERAGE SALARIES PER RANKS DUCED TO A FULL-TTME BASIS PAID (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF IN- CREASE. I914-15 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 11.0 14.5 20,150 32,050 1,832 2,210 20.6 2. Associate Professors 3.0 5,350 1,783 3. Assistant Professors 5.0 14.5 5,100 24,250 1,020 1,672 63.9 4. Instructors 19.5 24.5 18,510 30,773 949 1,256 32.3 5. Assistants 1.0 650 650 6. Others... 2.0 5.7 6,350 50,110 10,450 3,175 1,833 1,638 42.2 Totals. 37.5 63.2 103,523 1,336 22.6 so WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Middle Atlantic States Class A Number Included i PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES AVERAGE SALARIES PER RANKS DUCED TO A PAID CENT. ULL-TIME BASIS. (dollars) (dollars) OF LN- CREASE I914-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 1. Professors 21.5 20.5 68,200 72,670 3,172 3,545 11.8 2. Associate Professors 8.0 25.5 14,800 51,800 1,850 2,031 9.7 3. Assistant Professors 9.8 13.5 14,275 22,000 1,456 1,630 12.0 4. Instructors 42.3 31.0 50,784 41,100 1,201 1,326 10.4 5. Assistants 11.5 16.5 8,075 14,110 702 855 21.8 6. Others . . . Totals . 93.1 107.0 156,134 201,680 1,677 1,885 12.4 WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Middle Atlantic States Class B Number Included 2 RANKS persons ln faculty re- duced TO a rULL-TTMK basis TOTAL salaries PALD (dollars) average salarles PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-15 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 1. Professors *2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant. Professors 4 Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others.. . 22.0 8.0 6.0 17.5 9.0 . 1.5 25.0 9.0 13.0 17.0 9.0 63,200 25,200 12,000 24,300 5,400 900 88,650 37,100 34,450 28,550 6,300 2,872 3,150 2,000 1,389 600 600 3,546 4,122 2,650 1,679 700 23.5 30.9 82.5 20.9 16.7 Totals . 64.0 73.0 131,000 195,050 2,046 2,672 30.6 *These are in one of the larger institutions — hence the larger rate of salary. 31 WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Middle Atlantic States Class C Number Included 3 RANKS persons in faculty re- duced to a full-time basis total salaries paid (dollars) average salaries PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF EST- I9I4-I5 1919-20 I9I4-IS 1919-20 I9I4-I5 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others . . . 40.0 17.5 7.3 21.0 9.2 8.5 55.0 15.5 14.0 24.0 2.2 6.8 82,100 32,750 10,970 18,520 10,991 15,942 123,425 33,400 21,200 32,250 2,275 10,800 223,350 2,053 1,871 1,503 882 1,195 1,876 2,244 2,155 1,514 1,344 1,034 1,588 1,900 9.3 15.2 .7 52.4 *13.4 *15.3 Totals. 103.5 117.5 171,273 1,655 14.8 *Decrease. WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Southern States Class B Number Included 3 PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES PAID AVERAGE salaries PER ranks DUCED TO A FULL-TTMT, BASIS (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF IN- I914-15 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 I 9 14-15 1919-20 1. Professors 43.5 47.5 92,500 119,190 2,126 2,509 18.0 2. Associate Professors 7.0 16.0 11,150 31,605 1,592 1,975 24.0 3. Assistant Professors 13.0 24.0 15,670 37,112 1,205 1,546 28.2 4. Instructors 31.0 37.2 28,650 44,470 924 1,195 29.3 5. Assistants 4.5 20.0 2,720 17,385 604 869 43.8 6. Others... 7.0 4.0 4,020 1,770 574 442 *23.0 Totals.. 106.0 148.7 154,710 251,532 1,459 1,691 15.9 *Decrease. 32 WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE SOXTTHERN STATES CLASS C NlTMBER INCLUDED II RANKS PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- DUCED TO A FULL-TIME BASIS TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-15 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 101.4 13.0 7.5 24.5 8.3 122.1 9.0 14.8 26.3 20.5 106,879 13,400 5,190 17,200 3,846 181,245 12,400 17,026 22,580 8,115 1,054 1,030 692 702 463 1,484 1,377 1,150 858 395 40.8 33.6 66.1 22.2 *14.6 Totals.. 154.7 192.7 146,515 241,366 947 1,252 32.2 •Decrease. Note: In some cases room and board are included in the compensation in addition to the amounts given above. WOMEN'S COLLEGES coiXeges of arts, literature and science Middle Western States Class C Number Included s RANKS persons IN faculty re- duced TO A full-tdie basis TOTAL salaries PAID (dollars) AVERAGE salaries PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE I9I4-IS 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 64.5 55.1 72,308 83,742 1,121 1,520 35.6 2. Associate Professors 8.5 17.0 8,990 22,400 1,068 1,317 24.5 3. Assistant Professors 3.0 4,050 1,350 4. Instructors 51.7 46.3 43,904 52,793 849 1,140 34.3 5. Assistants 8.5 6.0 2,780 3,110 327 518 58.4 6. Others... Totals.. 133.2 127.4 127,982 166,095 961 1,304 35.7 33 WOMEN'S COLLEGES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Western States Class C Number Included i ranks persons in faculty re- duced to a full-time basis TOTAL SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- I914-IS 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 CREASE 1. Professors 7.0 12.5 10,250 21,650 1,464 1,732 18.3 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant Professors 5.0 4.0 6,800 6,700 1,360 1,675 23.2 4. Instructors 9.0 12.5 9,800 14,290 1,089 1,143 5.0 5. Assistants .5 .5 200 500 400 1,000 150.0 6. Others... Totals . . 21.5 29.5 27,050 43,140 1,258 1,462 16.2 COLLEGES FOR NEGROES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Southern States Class B Number Included i PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES AVERAGE salaries PER RANKS DUCED TO A FULL-TIME BASIS (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF IN- I914-15 1919-20 1914-15 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 3.0 3.0 4,000 4,000 1,333 1,333 2. Associate Professors 2.0 2.0 2,200 1,100 1,100 550 *50.0 3. Assistant Professors 4. Instructors 6.0 6.0 3,900 4,360 650 726 11.6 5. Assistants 5.0 10.0 1,320 3,140 264 314 18.9 6. Others . . . 12.0 14.0 6,525 8,420 543 601 10.6 Totals. 28.0 35.0 17,945 21,020 640 600 6.2 *Decrease. Note: The reports of two other colleges in this class are not complete or comparable. 34 COLLEGES FOR NEGROES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Meddle Atlantic States Class C Number Included i RANKS persons in faculty re- duced TO A full-time BASIS total SALARIES PAID (dollars) AVERAGE SALARIES PAID (dollars) PER CENT. OF IN- CREASE I9I4-I5 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 1. Professors 2. Associate Professors 3. Assistant. Professors 4. Instructors 5. Assistants 6. Others... 6.0 1.0 1.0 7.5 2.7 8,353 1,200 300 11,573 1,350 1,392 1,200 300 1,231 1,543 500 10.8 66.7 Totals . 8.0 10.2 9,853 12,923 1,266 2.8 COLLEGES FOR NEGROES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE Southern States Class C Number Included 8 PERSONS IN FACULTY RE- TOTAL SALARIES AVERAGE SALARIES PER RANKS DUCED TO A FULL-TIME BASIS (dollars) PAID (dollars) CENT. OF IN- CREASE I914-IS 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 69,833 I9I4-I5 858 1919-20 1. Professors 59.5 64.6 51,055 1,081 25.9 2. Associate Professors 3.0 5.0 3,850 4,455 1,283 891 *30.5 3. Assistant Professors 5.0 3.0 4,850 2,796 970 932 *3.9 4. Instructors 20.5 22.0 13,045 18,335 636 833 31.0 5. Assistants 8.0 6.0 2,235 3,030 279 505 81.0 6. Others . . . 2.0 4.0 4,320 12,500 2,160 3,125 44.6 Totals. 98.0 104.6 79,355 110,949 809 1,060 31.0 *Decrease. W < u Q w S >^ Q pq 12; < ro t— 1 P< & < t? 1-1 rv| < H w H ^ H-l t-H r/1 < w ta p^ u ( ) C/J g r1 t-i W § O w u o <: ^ w o PA W Wl p^ « o ^ H o >n •j^ w 1 H <: ^ w 0\ Oi g S M o N IS W I w ^ 2" Cj < " S g ON w < o <;? W f^ i-i > < o < d -^ o w vr> !^ S L U *>- w M « -' S z 35 ■«#peop 00 OS t-'oi 5 c/3 •AhPh ^ fi,<<:>5 <:o 36 xn >-) O O w u < o o I (4 P, W 5; S U O (J ? 51 jj t/} o w Q CS <: O (4 > 5 < o S H " o s ^ .HO O tfl w Z g H rj caos;D(N(M lO N r-J CO p C5 i-i O <75 oi ^ CO ^ p C- 1 0- c tr It 1 1-^. P O CO C^ cj -^' -^ 00 .-i 00 (N i-H i-H I-* t-ooom«o 00 C^^OOJ CO i-H^p,t-^cv] «q_ ^;d 1— I ;d o p^p^Tjt^oo^^co^ THT-rc^'T-Tw •_ ^j oj D H O w 000000 05 P3 iv «DOC0-=i 00 < 4 O«5lJ0 00 00 00 H w ■n<.-l(MOilO CO O Qs 1-1 T-l tH t- T-l CO ^ H 1-1 Ch 1-1 lH i^f^c^ HH ^<5 K a o <: c« H W O H M 1 U3U50U5-^ Oi «H 4j- ■*' 1-i Co' CTJ uSi— I CO 1— I M ■<# 1-1 t- 1-1 05 «5«0<£>C0 oiiooi«o U5 CO "3 Tj< CO lO 1-i U3 t> ?D CO->*(M 1-1 tH t-U3 C^ tn OJ ^ •i-t :n d S Oi (M »q cco>o (M_t-:,oo_^Tj<^ai^ e0«>t-'-lr-l ooioeo-^to 00U3CO-^Tl< «Oi-I00t) fH T3 C „ a; \^ C rt m C ^ !/] ci3 O) 1) ti 39 MEN'S AND COEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE DIVISIONS AND CLASSES NO. OF INSTI- TUTIONS ATTENDANCE TUITION ItECEIPTS (DOLLARS) AVERAGE AMOUNT PAID PER STUDENT (DOLLARS) PER CEN I9I4-IS 1919-20 1914-IS 1919-20 I9I4-IS 1919-20 CREASE I. New Engl Class A Class B Class C and Sta 5 2 10 tes 6,690 1,313 3,440 7,859 1,583 3,880 965,824 109,064 326,212 1,366,213 185,463 406,800 144. 83. 95. 174. 117. 105. 20.8 40.9 10.5 17 11,443 13,322 1,401,100 1,958,476 122. 147. 20.5 n. Middle A Class A Class B Class C tlantic 5 6 12 States 8,144 2,678 3,902 10,751 3,733 4,830 697,569 291,958 318,811 1,243,000 450,085 528,431 86. 109. 82. 116. 121. 109. 34.9 11.0 32.9 23 14,724 19,314 1,308,338 2,221,516 89. 115. 29.2 m. Southera Class A Class B Class C States 5 9 38 2,617 3,311 7,125 5,290 5.003 9,875 161,523 201,757 279,263 384,666 360,685 505,572 1,250,923 62. 61. 39. 73. 72. 51. 17.7 18.0 30.7 52 13,053 20,168 642,543 49. 62. 26.5 IV. Middle W Class A Class B Class C estem 9 19 51 tates 13,130 7,884 11,763 16,691 9,820 14,841 977,781 405,680 535,000 1,676,945 677,724 864,454 3,219,123 74. 52. 45. 100. 69. 58. 35.1 32.7 28.9 79 32,777 41,352 1,918,461 58. 78. 34.4 V. Western S Class A Class B Class C tates 3 2 10 3,128 1,108 1,888 5,155 1,240 2,578 93,731 76,112 105,769 260,000 127,800 173,726 561,526 30. 68. 56. 50. 103. 67. 66.6 51.5 19.6 15 6,124 8,973 275,612 45. 63. 40.0 Totals Class A Class B Class C 27 38 121 33,709 16,294 28,118 45,746 21,379 36,004 2,896,428 1,084,571 1,565,055 4,930,824 1,801,757 2,478,983 86. 67. 56. 108. 84. 69. 25.5 25.4 23.2 Grand Totals 186 78,121 103,129 5,546,054 9,211,564 71. 89. 25.3 40 COLLEGES FOR WOMEN COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE DIVISIONS AND NO. OF INSTI- TUTIONS ATTENDANCE TtnTION RECEIPTS (DOLLARS) AVERAGE AMOUNT PAID PER STUDENT (DOLLARS) PER CENT. I914-IS 1919-20 I9I4-IS 1919-ao 1914-15 1919-20 CREASE I. New Engl Class A Class B Class C and Sta 3 1 2 tes 4,188 773 274 4,790 784 518 593,117 96,290 41,761 743,114 147,400 108,000 142. 125. 152. 155. 188. 208. 9.2 50.4 36.8 6 5,235 6,092 1,083 1,100 1,038 731,168 166,635 141,427 174,883 482,945 998,514 140. 164. 17.1 II. Middle A Class A Class B Class C tlantic 1 2 3 States 1,092 1,086 890 331,200 178,200 255,575 764,975 153. 130. 196. 306. 162. 246. 100.0 24.6 25.5 6 3,0S8 3,221 157. 237. 50.9 III. Southern Class A Class B Class C States 3 11 1,372 2,122 1,967 3,636 132,691 177,042 294,000 367,873 97. 83. 149. 101. 53.6 21.6 14 3,494 5,603 309,733 661,873 89. 118. 32.5 IV. Middle W Class A Class B Class C estem S 6 tates 1,174 1,594 141,179 141,179 13,300 201,911 201,911 120. 126. 5.0 6 1,174 1,594 425 120. 126. 5.0 V. Western S Class A Class B Class C tates 1 133 60,000 100. 141. 41.0 1 133 425 13,300 759,752 370,408 548,165 60,000 100. 141. 41.0 Totals Class A Class B Class C 4 6 23 5,280 3,231 4,593 5,873 3,851 7,211 1,074,314 619,600 993,359 144. 115. 119. 183. 161. 138. 27.1 40.0 15.9 Grand Totals 33 13,104 16,935 1,678,325 2,687,273 128. 158. 23.4 41 COLLEGES FOR NEGROES COLLEGES OF ARTS, LITERATURE AND SCIENCE DIVISIONS AND CLASSES NO. OF INSTI- TUTIONS ATTENDANCE TTTITION RECEIPTS (DOLLARS) AVERAGE AMOUNT PAID PER STUDENT (DOLLARS) PER CENT. I914-IS 1919-20 I914-15 1919-20 I9I4-IS 1919-20 CREASE I. New Engl Class A Class B Class C and Sta tes n. Middle A Class A Class B Class C tlantic 1 States 162 166 1,871 2,500 12. IS. 25.0 1 162 166 1,871 6,568 41,252 2,500 12. 15. 25.0 in. Southern Class A •Class B •Class C States 1 8 427 1,884 570 3,412 10,700 85,411 15. 22. 19. 25. 26.7 13.6 9 2,311 3,982 47,820 96,111 21. 24. 14.3 IV. Middle W Class A •Class B Class C estem S 1 tates 488 975 4,109 9,000 8. 9. 12.5 1 488 975 4,109 9,000 8. 9. 12.5 V. Western S Class A Class B QassC tates Totals Class A Class B Class C 2 9 915 2,042 1,545 3,578 10,677 43,123 19,700 87,911 107,611 12. 21. 13. 25. 8.3 19.0 Grand Totals 11 2,957 5,123 53,800 18. 21. 16.6 •All Departments 42 RELATION OF TEACHERS' SALARIES AND OPERATION OF PLANT COST TO TOTAL BUDGET ALL DEPARTMENTS PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL BUDGET DIVISIONS teachers' salaries for all departments OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF PLANT , I9I4-I5 1919-20 I914-IS 1919-20 Men's and Coeducational Ins I. New England States .... IL Middle Atlantic States . . IIL Southern States IV. Middle Western States . . V. Western States TITUTIONS 51.4 52.4 49.6 48.6 38.7 45.1 52.4 46.7 45.6 46.5 13.5 14.6 12.9 16.8 9.6 15.4 17.8 14.9 17.2 12.5 Total Country 49.6 47.1 14.4 16.3 Women's Colleges I. New England States .... II. Middle Atlantic States . . III. Southern States IV. Middle Western States.. V. Western States 49.7 49.7 47.8 43.7 45.9 48.3 42.0 51.0 41.2 31.6 15.2 19.5 18.2 26.7 29.2 19.0 31.0 19.9 28.6 43.6 Total Country 48.6 45.9 18.4 24.3 Combined Men's and Women's Colleges Total Country 49.5 47.0 14.8 17.2 Total Budget Expenditures 1914-15 1919-20 $33,238,492 49,906,913 Increase of 50.1% Total Operation of Plant 1914-15 1919-20 $4,928,755 8,576,522 Increase of 74% Total Salaries Paid 1914-15 1919-20 $16,453,566 23,461,826 Increase of 42.6% I I LIBRARY OF CONGRESS • 020 975 378 9