.3 
 
y 
 
 E 458 
 .3 
 
 .B18 
 Copy 1 
 
 SPEECH 
 
 ON THK AVAR, 
 
 BY 
 
 / 
 
 MA J. L CHANDLER BALL,^ 
 
 PAYMASTEK U. 8. A. 
 
 dp:liveked at 
 
 H S I C K F A I. L :S , 
 
 December Otb, 18G3. 
 
 WASHINGTON, D. C. 
 
 CHRONICL-E RRIMT 
 
biood that I inherited rrorii patiiot sires Ireely shed to preserve and 
 transmit to my rhil'lrei! tlio hlessino-s bequeathed to me by the Fathers 
 "f tile Revobifloii. 
 
 Aetin- on this ])rinci])le, whrw inj son was obliged, from physieal 
 disnbility. to leave the service. I went to tlie regiment and offered — 
 begged permission to take his ]d;ice: bnt -was [jrcvented from d<:>ing so 
 by the non-eonmiissioned oi^ieers. wiio insisTe<l that all v:io;tneies shonh] 
 hr- fiUod from the company. 
 
 Wlien the One Hundred and TAvent\-hftk Kegiment Avas bci rig raised, 
 and for a long time no one could be found here to take tlie place of 
 eaptain, I obtained authority from Governor Morgan to raise a company, 
 and I earnest]}- besought my iellow-t(;)wnsmen to enlist and let me lead 
 them where duty eallcd and glory waited to crowii us with unfading 
 laurels. 
 
 That I was nnsuccessful was owing, pcrhap^, to m^' gray liairs and 
 supposed bodily iniirmities — though during the eight months I was 
 Quartermaster, (wiiich I can truly say is one of the hardest posts in the 
 whole army. I 1 touiirl jnyselC able to perform all the labor and endure all 
 the har(lshii)s ami ])i-i\ations incid(Mittothe service, witliout aftcctingmy 
 health or weakening my ])ati'iotism. In Jact, I saw men Avhose physical 
 powers appeared to In- much stronger than mine, fall by the wayside, be 
 carried to the liospitnls, oi' go home on siclc leave, wlnle T kept at work 
 and was none the worse for the (wposure. 
 
 I liave tbini<l, li<;we\<T. iji iho army a.- in ci\il lile. tliat many Avh<> 
 claim to ])Q invalids and get themst'lves placed upon the sick list, are 
 mistaken as to the scat and character of their complaint. The weakness 
 they feel is in tlic livej— the pluck : and disposes them t(> avoid hardship 
 and danger, simply becau-^c these are the disagreeable inciilents of a 
 soldier's life. 
 
 It is proper, J )crlia]js. ti' saj- here that 1 did not l(.'a\e the One llnndrcd 
 and Twenty-fifth 'l^\u"inl(Mlt from any 'lislaste Ibr tlu' service, or any 
 dislike towards any metnbei- ol' tlic regiment, but simply because the 
 situation afford(^d no o])portunity Ibr paiticipating in an engagement, or 
 even sharin'j iij the liouors which the regiment miglil gain. 
 
 In times of danger, and < luring an engagement, tlie iiuartermasrers arc 
 alwavs sent to the re.'-n- in charge i>{' ihe Itagu'aee and <tore.-;. 
 
It is important, of course, to have good qxiartermasters, but they are 
 after al] little more than hoad-tcamsters, and the man who has the most 
 .skill in loading a wooon and mana.a;ing a mule team, i.s freneralh- tlie be.st 
 • luartermnster. 
 
 With an earnest desire to aid, l)y pei'sonal services in the field, in 
 putting- down the rebellion and restoring the supremac}- of the Federal 
 (jovernment. I have not been able to obtain a position in which that 
 desire could be gratified : and I have consequently no exciting adventures 
 to relate — no brilliant descriptions to give of the great battles that have 
 been fought, and tell you of the steady advance, the gallant charge, the 
 obstinate defense, the sullen retreat, the swift pursuit ; and how, at the 
 close of the bloody fight, victor and A^nnquished sunlc down toi^-ether — 
 
 " Tlio weary to slfcp, ami tin- wounded to die." 
 
 J^evertheles, my connection with the army, my intercourse with its 
 officers, my experience in camp life, and my familiarity Avith much of the 
 country occupied by the contending forces, have enabled me to estimate 
 more fully and correctly than I otherAvise could, the magnitude of the 
 war, the fiendish l^arbarity with which it has been conducted b}' the rebels, 
 the difficulties that beset the Administration in prosecuting it, and the 
 (tauses Avhich have hitherto preA'ented its successful termination. 
 
 In regard to the magnitude of the operations in Avhichthe GoA'ernment 
 is engaged, I shall only take the time to say. that, to an observing mind, 
 they are objects of unceasing admiration and wonder, andfurni.sh higher 
 evidence of the A^ast poAvcr and boundless resources of the country than 
 is to be found in the most extensive and magnificent enterprises of civil 
 life. 
 
 No person can see the extensive fortifications, stretching mile alter 
 mile and covering large areas of country: the en(.)rmous guns Avitli which 
 they are mounted, the immense range of their fiery ])r<^jectilcs: hill and 
 plain, as far as the eye can reach, white with tents and gleaming with the 
 bayonets of a mighty ho.st, whose firm tread resounds upon the air as it 
 forms itseli in Ixattle array, and, responsive lo insjnrhig mnsie. swi-eps 
 on to the liarve.st of death; the almost interminable trains of subsistence 
 and military stores that follow and distribute suppli(?s to the army; the 
 immense depots from which these supplies are drawn, and tlie ra{iiilit\ 
 and regularity Avith Avhich they are filled and re-filled to meet the \^'ants 
 of the service ; the vast amount of wur material held in reserve in •store 
 
L 'Uses and mtigazinos, with the ceaseless outpouring- of these materials 
 From all the avenues of industry and trade ; the inflowing streams of 
 Jiardy soldiers, which, in spite of reductions from sickness and by battle., 
 keei> up the effective fighting force of the army; the large and commo- 
 dious refreshment houses erected on all the great lines of travel, aptly 
 and neautifull^- named "Soldiers' Rests,"' where appetising food, pure 
 water, respecti'ul attendance, and a hearty welcome, meet the warrior 
 hunying to the scene of conflict, and the returning soldier, whose strength 
 has been spent in the service oi' his (_'Ountr\^, and whose feeble limbs art- 
 1 learing him back to the home and the hearts he has fought to protect and 
 gladden : the spacious and comfortable hospitals, whei-e all the means and 
 appliances known to mo(lic;il science' are employed to restore tlie sick, heal 
 the wounded, ease the ]3ains of the dying, and, after tlie spirit has taken 
 its celestial flight, prepare tlie hallowed remains for removal to the city 
 of the dead — ho one can see all these things witliout behig filled with 
 astonishment at the magnificent resources of the connliy, and impressed 
 with a feeling of intense and boundless admiration for a people who can 
 thus pour out their blood and treasure to defend their possessions; Jior 
 without a profound conviction that the cause whicli such a peo]")le advo- 
 cates and defends isjusj, and will 1-»p triumjthantlv sustained. 
 
 The manner in wliich the war has been waged by the rebels not only 
 (.lishonors civilization, but disgraces humaiiity. No ])erson can read of, 
 much less witness, the atrocities inflicted by the rebels on Federal soldiers 
 and Union citizens Avhom the lortunes of war have thrown into their 
 hands, without a feeling of horror at the depths of depravity into which 
 human beings will plunge in pursuit of their selfish an<l wi<-ked ends. 
 
 In the whole history ol' liuman warJarL', J'rom thai tirst civil war in 
 which Cain slew his brothei' and received the inelfaccable mark of (lod's 
 displeasure, nothing -- nothing exceeds in fiendish mrdignity the acts oi' 
 those Southern men who. in this Avar, are lighting <m tho side of treason 
 and reliellion. 
 
 The Poe-ts and Sagas oi" old Si'aiidina\'ia. in rrcording tiie dfcdsot' their 
 warriors and vikings. Jiavc pi-eser\'(;d tlie J:\ct that they made cups and 
 domestic vess«'ls out of the skulls of thcii' cuemic-. IVoni wdiieh they 
 drank inebriating liquors and ])Oured rrd li1)ntion.> to the gods they 
 worshipped. l-V.ii rhis was uol only before i he- Star o[' Betlilehern 7-ose 
 
and bathed the world in glory, tnii before even the {'aim iwilight of 
 heathen civilization appeared to indicate that tli<^ night of ignorajice and 
 bai'lxn'i.siii was jjassing away. 
 
 The Union .--oldiens who fell a^t the lirst battle of Bull liun had their 
 } leads severed from theii* })odies, and their skulls made into drinking- 
 •Mips, from Avhich their brutal victoi's quaffed rosy wine, and, amid the 
 eheers oi' an jiifuriatcd soldiery, drank to the downfall of republican 
 go vei-nment a.ud the perpetuity of human slaver}". The flesh was cut 
 and scraped lii_an the limbs and bodies of these martyrs to Liberty, and 
 their bones made into rings and bracelets, cane-heads, pipes, and tobacco- 
 boxes, and sent as presents to the friends of the rebellion, to be preserved 
 as mementos of the battle, and the hatred with which these fiends incar- 
 nate pursued their retreating foe. And this was done in the ndddle oi' 
 the nineteenth century of the Christian era, in a country which science 
 and the arts, learning and religion, have unitixl to exalt and glorify, and 
 by nien who ehiini to embody the chivalry of the age, and exhibit in 
 their A\'alk anil eonxersation all the Christian graces. 
 
 After the repulse of the Union soldiers at Ball's BluffJ thej- attempted 
 to (^scape by swimming the Potomac river, and most of tlie killed were 
 shot while struggling in the Avater. One bold swimmei- -was pursued by 
 a rebel, whose strength i'ailed him in the sAvift current, and he was about 
 to sink, A\'hen the Union soldier, whose heart glowed Avithaflame brighter 
 rliaji the fires tljat war hadkindled, turned and caught ivis sinking enemy, 
 jiid, Ijy gr(\at exertions, bore him sately back to the shore. What return, 
 think you, did this rebel make to Iris preserver? Delivered him up a 
 prisoner, and he was sent to Itichmond to starve and die in Libby Pi'ison. 
 
 During the battle of (Jetty.^burg a L^nion soldier was attracted l)y the 
 earnest gaze of a wounded and a]>])arently dying reliel. The soldier 
 rai.sed him up and gave him water from Ins own canteen. As he turned 
 to Avhere the battle >til! raged, tli(^ « lying rebel, revived In' the water he 
 had drank, siruggie'l to his feet, seized hi- musket, and, witli Jatal aim 
 siiot the soldier whose large humanity ]))■< mijUed liim to relieve the pains of 
 a dying enemy. 
 
 In all Ibrjii' v war.-, when the .'-trile and theeai'uage of l>attle we]'e oveJ-. 
 victor and vanijui:<hed \ i^'d with each other in relieving the Avounded and 
 in paying the tribnti.' ol' .-i de<'ent and respiM-tCnl bnjial tothosc avIio had 
 
Icillcii. .Sleru wurriors. who, ;i muiucnt bei'ore, bad sought each otlit-r s 
 life, stood with bared Ijrows beside the mound their hands had raised, and 
 bedewed with tears tlie *j;raves of tlie gallant dead. 
 
 At tlie t)attle oi' Chickainauga the rebels retained possession of the 
 held, and refused permission to bnrv th(^ Union dead or remove tlio 
 wounded. The}- would not even allow the Union surgeons whom they hiid 
 (•apturedto dress a wound or render the slightest aid to the men who wer^; 
 lying helpless in their blood and dying for want of the care they were 
 ])re]jared to give. For eight days this inhuman order was enforced. 
 During nil that time not a Union corpse Avas buried : not a wound was 
 dressed. The dead lay stiffening in their bloody shrouds, the wounded 
 endured the tortures ol' ])ain and thirst, or breathed their lives away in 
 unavailing groans and ju^ayers ior snecoi'. T ha\ c been told that no 
 pencil could paint the rev<.lting scene Avhich that Held presented when a 
 pally of Union soldiers were permitte.l to \isit a ])ortion of it to l)ui'y 
 the dead and remove llu- li\ing. 
 
 The bodv of a Union caplain. wlio lell in an unsurecssful assauh uj.on 
 Port Hudson, remained unbnried in ihe sight of both armies for forty- 
 iive (lavs. <luriug all wliieh time the body was watched by a guard of 
 rebel shaii)-.<hooter.s, to pi'eveuL its being remoNcd an<l buried by his 
 comrades. That this suV)iect of reb(d hate had Atrican blood in his 
 veins, in no wise divests the act of its barbarous and inhuman character. 
 It was on that accovmt only the more vile and reprehensibh;, as it added 
 meannos to 1 n-utaliiy. The Cai.taiii Li?ll at the head of his sable warrioi'>. 
 gallantlv lighting tor the Qnion : and uo man pressed further, or iell 
 nearer the rebel works than he. Atiei' tlie surremler of Port Hudson, 
 the body was takeii to New ()rleans for burial. Funeral services were 
 performed in the <irand Pat lied ral. according to the imposing rites of the 
 Catholic Clmivli, and the largest pnx-ession ever seen in New Orleans 
 followed the l>odvto tlie cemetery; and wdien the <loors of the vault 
 closed uponthesemorial ivmains. History engraved upon herindestructable 
 tablets and took into lier own imniorial keeping the name ol' PlKi^TiK 
 C.Mi.roix. 
 
 fetonewail .laclv-oii. on hi^ retie-at throagli the .Shenandoah N'alley. 
 took us hostages twelve ])eaeeable citizens of the city of AVinchester — 
 old men of sixty and seventy years - -marched them to Strasbttrg, where 
 
I'uvc of them were huiiw-. aiul the. i-e.-.t >eiit to iJiehiuuixl. At the Last 
 :iecouii(> all but one liad .lied hi prison. 
 
 ^ Ouo >pruig jiioniiiiLj, in Istil, iju- i,,.,,..,. ,n M ,-. (Jr.Mdcer, loriurrlv ol 
 <';iiiibri(|ge. a man over ri-hty vears old, then livin-- in \'ir^Jnia, was 
 sarruimded bv guerrillas and h- madr pri-ai.-r. Me was^k.-u bv 
 lorccd marehes to Cul|H-|M.r. m..rr than <>nr hnn.Jivd mih-s. and ilirusi 
 into ]M-ison. and tla-rc hit :,\nur and unainMid.-d i,, ,!ic. Mr. IVarl. who 
 Ibrmerh' kept a hotel in d^rov. and who was a ur.,,- neighbor <>i Mr. 
 Crocker and knowing to all thr laets. told me that he was aeinally 
 starved to d.ath. MnCro-dver'-olVene-e wa.s voting against the Virginia 
 <">rdinanee of Seees.'^ion. 
 
 Bv the wuv: I lia\e t>r.eii told i hal jn^l previous to tho vote on the 
 ( >rduianee of Secession, arnanl men rode throttgli all the doubttul portions 
 ol the State, warning Union men not to appear at the polls, and thi-eat- 
 ening destruction of proi)erty and lite to such as dared to exercise the 
 rights oJ' an Aineriean eiti/.cn. 
 
 Now, these are not isolated eases of ernelly— they are not selected foJ- 
 any peculiar atrocity they exhibit over a thousand others-they are 
 simijly j.arts of a series of .systematic cruelties i-)racti.sed by tli(> rebels 
 m their e-.nduet of the war. Instead of prosecuting the war uponjudn- 
 eiples adopted by .dvilized nation^, wijth a \iew to lc.s.sen its h-.rrorsand 
 iiutigate .some of its rigor.<, they hav.'inade it the ..ceasionfor the .-xhi- 
 Intion of all those Jlerce pa.s.siuns and brnial j.ro]iensitics which, ever 
 >inee the fall, have allli.-ted and .ii.-^graerd the human rai'e. They, 
 invariably when they have, tlie ji,.we]-. .Miip, i'..b and mutilate tlie dea'd 
 left upon the battle-tield. If th<-y l.nry a l),)dy. ii is with the iiieed..wn- 
 ward. and u ith indecent and obseene i-eremom'es. Thev murder .such 
 ))risoners as they have a special antipathy agaiii.st. and tho.se who.se lives 
 they spare arc treated Avitli su(di .Tuelty that death comes to them as a 
 welcome relief. They prowl about the .-ountry in guerrilla band.s. niuj-- 
 dering, burning, and destroying, and devoting whole villages of peaceful 
 men to indiscriminat(' slaughter. They rise suddenly upon their unsus- 
 pecting neighbors, kill the men. burn the Ix.uses, and drive the women 
 and children to prison. If the bnion men of this village .should, by 
 u secret and concerted movement, rise and murder every secessionist in 
 
10 
 
 it; e\'erv nuni who li;i,s uttered ;i U( uti in liuoi' oi' the rel^eilion, or, if auy es- 
 caped, liutit them witli dogs and guns through fields, swamps and woods, 
 and, when found, kill tliein. as the hunter kills the "vvild beasts of the for- 
 est, they would do preeiselyas the rel>elshave done and continue to do in all 
 parts of the ceaiiiiry where they have control. Of set purpose, and with 
 malice aforethought, they take the lives of Union prisoners by hundreds 
 and by thousanvls by the lingering jjrocess of starvation. They dress in 
 b'ederal uniform, and carry the flag of the Union t(j deceive their oppo- 
 nents, and rush u nawares upon the Federal lines. Their piratical vessels 
 bear down upon their unsuspecting victims under the colors of France or 
 England, or strike their hellish blows with the signal of distress— the 
 white emblem of peac i and good will — flying at the masthead. The}- 
 throw railroad tj-aiiis off the track without regard to the character of the 
 passengers. They burn steamboats, and destro}- the lives of men, women 
 and children, engaged in the peaceful pursuits of commerce, or on visit .< 
 to their families and friends. Their women pla}- the harlot to entice 
 Union soldiers within the rebel lines, or to obtain information that will 
 l<?ad to the destruction of the Union forces. In short, thej'c is no form 
 of cruelty they have ni.»t practised, no meanness to which they have not 
 descended, in their eftbrts to divide the country and devote its fairest 
 portion to perpetuate the institution of slavery. 
 
 Some of the most learned philosophers and naturalists of the present 
 age haxQ promu 1 i^ated the theorv that the human race had its origin in 
 the lower animals ; and that through successive gradations of fish, reptile, 
 and mammalia, up through monkey, chimpanzee, and gorrilla, it has 
 attained its pres(Mit exalted position and transcendent powers. And they 
 suppose further, that the race is still in its transition period, and that 
 while in every generation millions and millions of these beings possess 
 the form of man, only those wdio reach a certain point in the ascending- 
 scale of improvement, drop their animal nature and take on the distinc- 
 tive attributes of humanity — that is, become possessed of a human soul. 
 
 The history of this rebellion will, I (loubt not, make may converts to 
 this theory. 
 
 We look upon these rebels, in arms against the best government on 
 earth, and find that they possess forms and organs like our own, and in 
 the exercise of a generous faith Ave call thein brothers. But Avhen their 
 shocking acts of cruelty and hate, their inhuman and beastly propensi- 
 ties, and the atrocious objects they have in vie^v come to our knowledge, 
 
11 
 
 shuddering humanity disclaims the relationship,, and avc arc disposed to 
 adopt the theory to which I have alluded,, and suppose that while thc^se 
 beings possess the form of man. tliey are still lu-ntes. 
 
 It is a matter oi" surjn-ise to some peo})le tliat tlie why has not been 
 brought to a close by the destruction of the rebel armies, and the occu- 
 pation, if need be, of the South(>rn States by a Federal force sufficient to 
 protect the hwal and awe into silence and submission those rebelliously 
 inclined. These men look u}ion the war as if it was a sum in arithmetic: 
 and ])eing in possession, as they suppose, of the terms of the }>roposition — 
 the relative numbers, wealth, warlike stores, and the facilities which each 
 section possesses for supplying the waste and loss which Avar inflicts, they 
 figure out an easy victory for the North. an<l they grow im})atieiit and 
 restive under the fiiilure of the Administration to put down the I'ebcUion 
 and restore peace and quiet to the country. If the war was simply be- 
 tween the North and the South for the possession of territory and the 
 exerci.se of sovereign power, and if each section depended entirely u])on 
 its own resources for success, the sixty days allowed by Secretary Seward 
 for putting down the rebellion wovdd have been amply sulTicieut, and 
 there would be good reason for the impatience which these men manifest. 
 But the war has no such narrow bounds, and its duration camiot bepre- 
 tlicte(' by comparing the strength and resources <•! the North with the 
 South. The war is between Liberty and Despotism — between that social 
 order and obedience to law Avhich rest upon the prinei])les of .self-govern- 
 ment and faith in human progrcs.s, and that whie'h is enforced by the 
 bayonet and the lash ; and thougli the actual scene of conflictt is within 
 the United States^, every despotic and munarehieal government on earth 
 and every individual who seeks to rise b}' the debasement of his fellow- 
 men, are the friends and suj)porters of this rebellion. The kings and 
 princes ol' Europe, the light of whose jeweled crowns is eclipsed by the 
 glor}' that encircles the brow of Liberty, and whose thrones shake and 
 totter as the waves of Republicanism dash against their foundations and 
 break in dazzling foam over their time-worn canopies, are as much inte- 
 rested in the result oi' this Avar as if it Avas being fought in their oAvn 
 dominions. They knoAv that the term of their lease of poAver depends 
 upon the stability oi this government, and the permanency of those insti- 
 tutions Avhich the rebels are attem})ting to OA'crthroAv and destroy. They 
 know thnt the oxnmple oC a peoph^ liA'ing under L'n\'« of its OAvn 
 
12 
 
 making, administered by uifii of its own clioice, (and, instead of falling 
 mto auarcliy and confusion and dropping ont of tlic family of nations, 
 maintaining the highest social and public ordei', and assuming, by virtue 
 of its vast possessions, its numbers, wealth, and intelligence, the first rank 
 among the nations of the earth,) is fatal to the existence of governments 
 founded in usurpation, and maintained l)y devoting the working classes 
 to perpetual vassalage. They know that when Republicanism shall be 
 fairly established, and so clothed with majesty and ])Ower, that, while 
 compelling tlie respect of foreign nations, it enforces obedience and pre- 
 ser^'es order at home, the questicm of man's capacity for freedom will 
 lia^'c been affirmatively decided ; and that then the words that announced 
 to tlie Babylonian monarch his doAvnlall and degradation will b^ written 
 on the walls of ever.y banquet room Avliere kings and nobles have rev- 
 eled and rioted on the sAvent nnd blood of tlie people whom they assumed 
 to lead and govern. 
 
 The rebels are lighting against republican government, and therefore in 
 the interest of monarchy and despotism ; and this fact has secured t<') 
 them the aid of England, France, Spain and Austria. 
 
 What other interest have European governments in this war? Why 
 should European sympathy be expended upon rebels, rather than upon 
 the loyal people of the North, except that the rebels are endeavoring to 
 destroy a government that is dangerous to tyrants, and except that the 
 rebel theory of government that might makes right, is the same that 
 upholds the privileged orders and aristocratic institutions of their own 
 king and nobility-ridden country ? 
 
 Though ostensibly fighting to put down the rebellion within our own 
 borders, we arc virtually at war with all tlie croA^med heads of Europe. 
 English ships, manned b}^ English sailors and marines, rove the ocean, 
 and burn and destroy every vessel at whose masthead floats the emblem of 
 freedom. England openly supplies the rebels ^yith. guns and ammuni- 
 tion. France furnishes them with clothing, medicines and surgical 
 hisfruments. Austrin and Sj^niu unite with France in obstructing our 
 southern pathway, and millions and millions of the secret service money 
 which these nations expend is used to su])port the forces of Jeff. Davis, 
 and place spies nnd ti-aitors in the F(^der;il nrniv jind among tlic friends 
 of the Union. 
 
 But there is another reason whv the \var lias been prolonged bevond 
 
13 
 
 t]i(3 time first assigned ibr its teriiiinaticm, and wlij enterprises wiiicli 
 shonld .have been crowned with success have resulted in disaster and 
 defeat. The L^nioii army has had to contend against an enemy mort^ 
 unscrupulous than the armed foes tliey meet upon the V)attle-iield ; hkjix- 
 hostile to the Federal government tlian the tyrants and despots of Europe. 
 The rebels are not all south of IMason and Dixon's line. V7ould to God 
 they were, for then speedy death by hemp or steel would be their certain 
 liite. But in every village; and neighborhood throughout the loyal States 
 are men who are thoroughly imbued with tlie principles u])on which 
 monarchies are founded — sucli as that power should be held by a select 
 few. wiiosp names sliDuld l)o recorded in books of heraldry, and their 
 garments decorated Avith orders of nobility — that capital should own 
 hibor — that the right of suffrage should be restricted to the governing 
 • 'lass, witli other odious doctrines, only taught in countries upon which 
 the sun of li1:)ertv has not risen. These men, having- a fellow-feeling with 
 the South in its love for aristocratic institutions, and desiring for selfish 
 purposes the permanent debasement of labor, do fully and sincerely 
 sympathise with the rebellion, and are doing all the}' can to make it sue- 
 cesful. Joined with these men are a number of individuals whose only 
 idea of patriotism, national honor, and the integrity of the Union, is the 
 success of the party to which they Ijclong. These men, though enjoying 
 the inestimable rights of citizenship and Ijasking in the full sunshine of 
 freedom, nc^-er rise above the mere politician. Fidelity to party is the 
 only article in their political creed — tlieone cardinal virtue upon which 
 all tlieir patriotism is built — and therefore in their eyes no man can 
 possibly be a traitor who votes their ticket; and as the rebels were their 
 political allies before tlie war, and would vote with them now if they had 
 the opportunity, they still look upon tliem as brethren in good standing, 
 and are endeavoring to secure tlieir return to the ]iolitical church, 
 unwashed, unregenerated, with tlicfoul stains of treason upr.n their gar- 
 ments, thcii' hands red with the blood ol' the martyred sons of fVeedom? 
 and the original cancer that caused the rebellion spreading through the 
 system, eating into theii- vitals and sucking \\p all the finer juices of 
 humanitv. These men. the aristocrat and the politician, are working 
 together to cmbari'ass the Government, defeat its armies, and dismeml)er 
 the countrv, in the hope that in the reconstruction which would follow 
 tlie chaos they hope to ][)roduce, the}' will obtain that power and personal 
 eon si deration. Avithont whieh thev hold free institutions valueless, 
 
14 
 
 nation;! 1 prosperity of no account, nncl social order not \vort]] preserving. 
 Now, tliese men are just as much tlie enemies of the Republic astherebels 
 themselves, and in estimating the relative strengtl) of the contending forces, 
 they should be counted with the rcbe]s. Indeed, their hostility to the 
 Government is of a more dangertuis character than that whicli arrays 
 itself in armor and boldly meets its opponents upon the battle-field 
 There is a sneaking meanness about these non-combattants which the 
 rebels despise, though their acts are as much designed to cripple the Ad- 
 ministration and ])revent the successful prosecution of the war, as the 
 movements of Lee or the plans of Jeff. Davis. They discourage enlist- 
 ments, oppose the draft, encourage desertions, help rebel prisoners to 
 escape, -send supplies to the rebel army, and conve}' important informa- 
 tion to its leaders. They condemn every movement of the Federal 
 army, belittleing its victories and magnifving its defeats, while lauding 
 the skill of Southern generals, and claiming superiority for its barbarous 
 and inhuman soldier}-, Wheii success crowns the Federal arms, they 
 mourn and hide their faces; and they rejoice and their hcaits are made 
 glad when the tide of battle turns and beats down loyal battalions and 
 devotes their neighbors and townsmen to rebel slaughter. They per.sis- 
 tently denounce and defame the President and his Cabinet, and endeavor 
 to bring into conteni])t the <T>nstitute<l authorities of tlie land. They 
 counsel resistance to the laws, encourage riots, and help to destroy the 
 property and take the lives of peaceable and unoffending citizens. Their 
 presses vomit treason, i\\u\ tlieir orators shout defiance to tlie laws: and 
 if one is suppressed of the other arrested, a howl goes forth from these 
 self-elected conservators of liberty that the Cojistitution has been violated. 
 It is not proper, say they, to relieve the countr\- froin ihc throttling 
 grasp -of rebellion except in acojistitutiona! manner, an<l the Co]3- 
 stitution does not ]iermit the Government to defend itself liy Ibrce. It 
 nowhere authorises armed ro.sistance to rebellion. There is no clause in 
 the Constitution by wliicli the ])eoi)le can use tlieir sovereign ])OAve]- to 
 to save from destruction tlie Govei^nmcnt of tbcir choice, and preserve 
 from disinembernunit the country they own and inhabit ; therefore, all 
 efforts to preserve hy Gutc the established forms of government and 
 prevent the division ot the country, aiv uncon.<tituti<>n;d and wrong, and 
 should be innnediately abandoned. 
 
 The.se men, l)y their opposition to tlie war. have sceni\;d ;iii immor- 
 tality of infamv: otherwise, it were a pity that these conunentators 
 
upon tlic (J<)u.>titiiiiou h;ul not livcil in tlie <lnvs <>1 IVpc. Thev 
 iiiiglit thru liavc been einbalnicd iti the " Duuciad/' and gone 
 (]o-\vii to ]>ost<Tily in tljc list ol' those whom stu})idity has made 
 immoital. But if it Mere all true what these men assert — ir tht.- 
 Constitution furltids, or neglects to provide for, the exercise of })owers 
 necessary to siqipress insurrection and put down rebellion — the people, 
 in their sovereign and collective capacity, are the source and fountain of 
 all power: and if. in attemjjting to defend and presei've the rights 
 humanity has won from ignorance and barbarism, from tyranny and 
 oppression, the}- find themselves fettered by constitutions and articles of 
 confederation made in a former age, and adapted to times of peace and tran- 
 quility, these bands will be like the green wythes with which Delilah bound 
 Sampson — insufficient to prevent^ the exercise of their -s'ast strength to 
 uphold tlic Republic, and take vengeance u]K)n those worshippers oi' 
 Dagon who seek to overthrow and destroy it. 
 
 The constitution has been violated by every Administration that has 
 "■xisted in the countrv, oftentimes for purposes of doubtful utility ; oftener 
 still to subserve the interests of a party. Shall we let these violations 
 go unrebidced, and only condenm those which are made in the interest 
 oi freedom and humanity? Shall we take tithes of mint and cummin, 
 and neglect the weighter matters upon which national existence depend ? 
 
 Let it be remembered that n(j one pretends that the Constitution has 
 been violated but those who are identified in syjnpath}- and sentiment 
 with the rebellion, and who are ]")lotting to deliver the country into the 
 hands of traitr-rs. 
 
 That the.><e men should denounce tli<' Ailmini.stration and object to 
 arrest and punishment, is not strange. 
 
 " Xo rogue e'er felt llu.- Jialirr dniw 
 Witli irooil oiiinifin of llie hiw." 
 
 Letitals(^ be remembered, that ?/ the Constitution has been \ iuluted l.»y 
 the present Administration, iff has been on the side of Liberty and 
 Humanitv. and not of Oppression and Wrong— to sav-e the national lile, and 
 enable lis to transmit to posterity that glorious heritage of Freedom of 
 which we are but the life tenants, Ixjund during our occupancy to com- 
 mit no waste, suffer no decay, i)ermit no spoliation : but lo hand it over 
 to our successors enriched by tho.se costly additi<jns of genius and learn. 
 in<'- which we have the Divine promise shall be continued from generation to 
 
16 
 
 geiiejiiliuii, until jnan's cjii'tlily lial)it;ition takes tJie similitude aud ,aiow? 
 with tlie splendor of "that house not made Avith hands, eternal in the 
 Heavens," 
 
 It cannot be doubted ibr a moment that if the rebels received no aid 
 and comfort from their Northern friends, or if these Northern svmpa- 
 thisers with rebellion would join the rebel army, Avhcre they euuld l)e 
 treated like public enemies, the war wonld be In'ouglit to a speedy 
 termination. The attitndo which these )nen assume towards the Admin- 
 istration, and the aid they gi\'e to the rebel cause, tend directhv to prolong 
 the Avar, iiitensily its horrors, and add to the hatred with which the tAvo 
 sections regard each other. Whatever may be the result of this AA'ar. 
 these men are fdling a cup of bitterness which they nvA their descendanf-^ 
 Avill be compelled to diink to the A^ery dregs. 
 
 The maji A\'ho opposes a just government, and ;irrays himself against 
 the people Avhd are protecting the Avork of their OAvn hands, has read 
 historj' to litth,^ purpose if he expects to live in honor or die regretted. 
 
 In the war for American independence, the concentrated scorn and 
 contempt of the people for the men Avho betrayed their country and 
 preferred British vassalage to American freedom, found expression in 
 the Avord ''Tory:" and the men who bore that opprobrious name sunk 
 into their graA'cs under a load of infamv Avhich is forever increasing as 
 successive generations read their hateful record. In this Avar, to secure 
 and preserve the liberties gained upon the battle-fields of the Eevolutiou, 
 the loyal people of the country have given to tlic men A\'ho betraj-ed 
 their trusts and are endeavoring to divide the country, destroy the Gov- 
 ernment, and extinguish the glowing fires of I'^reedom, tlie name of 
 "Copperheads" — a name which, once given to its possessor, no rcchris- 
 teningcan cA'cr annul or supersede, and no l)aptism OA'erAvash away — aname 
 that Avill licneelbrth ho used to designate a loAver degree of human 
 depravity than the Tories of tht; Eevolution cA'er reached. The Tory 
 simplj' cndeaAored to prevent the construction of the Temple of Liberty 
 AA'hich the people had connneiu-ed to build. 'J'he Copperhead is endeaA-or- 
 ing to destroy that temple after it has been completed — linished in all its 
 magnilicent appointments and decorations, and, Avith imposing ceremo- 
 nies, dedicated to human IVeedom — with millions and millions of Avorship- 
 pers thronging its courts and boAving in })roud humility before its 
 consecrated shrines, celestial fire burning u])on its altars, the SAA'cet saA'or 
 
ir 
 
 ot au acceptable sacriiice floating upou the air, and tlie exulting bynin 
 of liberty rising in waves of Divine melody, and mingling with the 
 choral sjnnphonies of Heaven. 
 
 This is the temple the Copperhead -would desecrate and destroy : this 
 tbe worship he would interrupt and abolish. 
 
 Oh ! if there is in Hell another and a deeper Hell, then to its lowest 
 depths, below the gloomv regions the Tories inhabit, let the Copperhead 
 be consigned, there to expiate in darkness and despair his offences 
 against liberty and humanity. 
 
 And this is the universal sentiment of the army — of those heroic men, 
 who amid the sufferings of the camp and the carnage of battle, in the 
 silent watches of the night, and in the face of day, have sworn that never 
 by their consent shall this temple be destroyed, or this worship cease. 
 
 Another cause that has prolonged the war, is the number of false 
 friends and secret enemies who have obtained the confidence of the Ad- 
 ministration only to abandon and betray it when the hour of trial comes. 
 Milton in his Paradise Lost, represents the spirits of Hell as assuming- 
 innocent and attractive forms, in order to obtain entrance into the gar- 
 den of Eden, to lure to destruction its new-made occupants. To expose 
 the deception, Ithuriel, one of the angels who Avas set to guard the 
 place, was furnished with a spear of Heavenly mould and temper, which 
 compelled any being upon whom it was used to assume its own proper 
 shape, and exhibit all its native ugliness. 
 
 If the President had possessed Ithnriel's spear, and applied it to the 
 men he employed to protect the country from the Eebel hordes who 
 sought to divide and destroy it, he would have seen men who wore the 
 Federal uniform and uttered sentiments of loyalty and devotion to the 
 (rovernment, declaring that the war should be short, sharp, and decisive, 
 .suddenly clothed in butternut, and spitting out the venom Avith which 
 their Kebel hearts, \vere filled against the advocates and the institutions 
 of freedom. 
 
 Having no talisman by which the sincerity of the people could be 
 tried, the President in the exercise of fallible human judgment has been 
 deceived and the country imposed upon by men who are either rebels 
 at heart, or who are so much in favor of Southern men and Southern in- 
 stitutions, that they want to conduct the war so as not to hurt the one 
 or disturb the other. 
 
18 
 
 It is no longer donbted : — evervbodv adnuts now, tliat if the magnifi- 
 eent armies first put in tlx^ tield, had been commanded by thoroughly 
 loyal men — men who were determined to put down the Eebellion at all 
 hazards and at any price, lea\dng side issues and ininor interests to be 
 decided after the national life had been secured, this accursed Eebellion 
 and the year that witnessed its advent would have gone down to the 
 grave together. 
 
 But the avenging hosts of freedom, plumed for victory and shouting- 
 back the people's cry of " On I On to Richmond !"' Avere held back by 
 timid and faithless generals until their ardor cooled and their spirits 
 were subdued by the hardships and privations of a life to which they 
 were unaccustomed — held back until the muster rolls of the army could 
 be read from Hospital records and the headstones that marked the graves 
 of the dead. 
 
 Whenever a battle occurred oui' troops were sent into the tight in 
 separate brigades and divisions to meet the whole force of the rebel 
 army, and be overborne by the furious onset of its dense and well-sup- 
 ported columns. 
 
 It is a fact of peculiar significance in the early history of the war, 
 that our reserves were always placed under generals who refused to 
 bring tliem up to the support of their hard pressed comrades, rendering- 
 defeat almost inevitable. 
 
 At the first battle of Bull Run a sufficient force, under Colonel Miles, 
 who afterwards surrendered Harper's Ferry, was stationed at Center- 
 ville on the edge of the battle field as a reserve. When the Union 
 ranks broke under the charge of Jackson's brigade, Miles, instead 
 of rushing to their support and snatching victory from the jaws of 
 defeat, as he might have done ; or instead of interposing his fresh and 
 eager troops between the retreating army and their pursuers, and thus 
 preventing a simple repulse from becoming a disgraceful rout, ordered 
 a precipitate retreat, and that splendid reserve caught the panic they 
 were placed there to prevent, and A\ithout even snapping a musket, led 
 the flyiug column into Washington. 
 
 At the second Bull Run battle, Fit/, -lohn Porter in command of a 
 force sufficient to have insured a glorious victory to the Federal arms, 
 utterly refused to bring his men into action, though he saw the battle 
 raging around bim and the Union forces gradually giving way before 
 
19 
 
 the .superior nuinbcrs which the rebel general was able to hurl against 
 their extended and unsupported lines. 
 
 At the battle of Autietain, which was only prevented from ])eing an- 
 other rebel victory by the splendid fighting of Burnside and Hooker, 
 the sa)ne Fit/, John Porter was in eoininand of the reserve, not one of 
 whom fired a uun during all that bloodv fiffht, thouo"]! Burnside senl 
 messenger after messenger, begginu' for reinforcements, and savinii- that 
 he could not hold his position a moment longer. 
 
 The terrible l.'uion loss in that battle was owing to the; fact, testified 
 to before a committee of investigation, that there was no ]ilan of the bat- 
 tle; but divisions were sent into the fight without any ci:)nnection with 
 or support from each other ; and when hard pressed and tlieir ranlcs 
 thinned by rebel shot and shell, no reinforcements were permitted to go 
 to their relief 
 
 Sympathisers Avitli rebellion arc fond of drawing comparisons between 
 Northern and Southern armies, to tlie disparagement of the former ; and 
 loyal men are often taunted with the remark that Union generals are de- 
 ficient in military knowledge, and incompetent to perform the task 
 assigned them. This criticism you see. loses all its force and becomes 
 a vile slander when the fact is known that for nearly two years the 
 General-in-chief was a Copperhead oi the most venomous kind, and hi> 
 most trusted subordinates were sim}jly I'cbcls in tlfsguise. 
 
 In nearly every one of the disasters which have befallen the Union 
 forces the cause can be distinctly traced to the conduct of some 
 one or more commanders who liave been charged, and in several cases 
 convicted, of complicity with the rebels. 
 
 But some persons ask. why are not men of undoubted loyalty put in 
 command of the army, and why does not the President weed out these 
 traitors from the army and the country ? 
 
 The question is well put, for the answer places in vivid contrast the 
 principles by which the two ])arties to this war are governed. 
 
 Why then does not the President forbid ihe discussion of war topics 
 in the army, and order the instant execution of every man who expres- 
 ses the slightest doubt as to the ju.stice and the policy of the war? 
 
20 
 
 When he orders u conscription, why does he ncjl enforce it with luiyo- 
 nets and blood-hounds, and burn every house in Avhich u conscript has 
 been harbored ? Why does he not insist that every Union officer shall 
 exhibit those traits, and those only, which qualify him for a human butch- 
 er ? Wh}^ does he not send armed guerillas into every village and neighbor- 
 hood to shoot and hang every man who, by word or sign, shows sympathy 
 with the Eebellion ? In short, if he wants to get rid of traitors, why, when 
 these copper reptiles lift themselves into notice, does he not strike off 
 their heads ? JeiY. Davis does all tliese things, and he is not troubled 
 with traitors to the Confederate cause : — why does not President Lin- 
 coln do the same ? Simply because this war is being fought on the side 
 of the Union, in the interest of humanity. While we are fighting to save 
 our political institutions, and the form of government that guarantees 
 liberty to the whole human race, we are also fighting to preserve that 
 Christian civilization which has raised man out oi' the depths of igno- 
 rance and barbarism — out of the moral darkness into which he fell 
 when the gates of Eden closed, and shut from all but the eye of faith 
 the light that A\'as given to guide him to paradise above. 
 
 This is the I'eason why men's opinions liave not been closely scanned 
 and criticised — why spies have not been sent out to gather proof of 
 men's complicity with treason — why rebel sympathizers are left undis- 
 turbed at Washington, around the doors of Government offices, and 
 within the lines of the Federal army. This is the reason wh}^ men in this 
 village who declare their hostility to the Government, and express the 
 hope that the Eebellion will prove successful, are not arrested and shot, 
 as they deserve to be, and as the strict a2:)plication of military law re- 
 quires they should be. This is 'the reason why so many^ traitors have 
 been treated Avith lenity and their punishment left to Gofi, unto whom 
 belongs vengeance. 
 
 Xo doubt the military situation is weakened, and the war prolonged 
 by this course ; — because it is this lenity on the part of the Government; 
 this attempt, while engaged in a fierce and bloody war, to hold fast to 
 the principles of Christianity, and prevent the general demoralization of 
 the people, that has enabled traitors to worm themselves into positions 
 from which they could strike these cruel blows at the heart of the 
 mother who brought them into political life, and from whose overflowing 
 breasts they draw their daily nourishment and support. 
 
21 
 
 It is difiicult, perhaps, lo reconcile the President's lenity to traitors, witli 
 Jiis (liity to the loyal people of the counti'v: — -hut, if this humane [)oIicy 
 shall tend to conserve the public morals : if it shall preserve from the 
 rude grasp of v^dv the virtues and the graces "which Christianity has ^ilaced 
 upon the brow of Ircedom, it will compensate for all the losses incurred 
 throngh its adoption. Individuals may suffer, and the stream of human 
 blood flow on in deeper and Avider channels; but if, when this cruel 
 war is ended, the sellish passions it has engendered shall subside, and 
 the hearts of the people beat responsive to the song of })raise that Judean 
 shepherds heard, proclaiming '•Glory to Grod in the highest, peace on 
 earth, good will toward men," then the policy of treating our enemies, 
 with Idndness. and returning to them good for evil, will be fully vindi- 
 cated. 
 
 It will be readily seen that the prolongation of the war is mainly due 
 to the aid Avliich foreign nations and northern Copperheads have given 
 to tlie rebels, and not tt^* the inherent poAvers of resistance possessed b}^ 
 the States in rebellion. This fact, while it should urge the friends 
 of liberty to increased eftbrts to sustain the Government and preserve 
 the country, should exonerate the Administration from the charge of 
 weakness in grappling with the gTcatest rebellion the world ever saw — 
 a rebellion that has its roots in man's perverse and wicked nature, and 
 draws its support from those fountains of cruelty and hate which foreign 
 nations have opened for its benefit. 
 
 The Government is doing all it can to relicAe the country from the 
 throttling grasp of rebellion, and though it may sometimes strike wildly, 
 and stagger under the blinding blows of its adversary, it will finally 
 justify itself to the country and the world by the complete success of 
 its efforts to restore the Union and preserve the institutions of freedom. 
 
 This rebellion is just as sure to be crushed and trodden out as that 
 good will finally overcome evil. The country is one, and nothing but 
 the Omnipotent hand that made it and assigned its boundaries can di- 
 vide it. The Government is founded upon the principle of human 
 freedom and the moral and intellectual elevation of the race, and its 
 preservation is a necessity of man's nature. 
 
 As a natural consequence this war will l)e continued just as long as 
 the Government is endangered, and until every State and Territory in 
 rebellion lavs down its arms and proves its loyalty by conforming its 
 
22 
 
 institutions and its |)(^licy to tlie principles upon wliicli American indepen- 
 dence w;is declared and the Federal Government established. 
 
 The duration of the Avar is unknown, hut the fmal result is certain. 
 
 God is on the side of ri2;ht. and though clouds rest about his throne, 
 and for the moment conceal the evidences of Divine iavor, yet we believe — 
 we know — that the glory which for eighty years shone about our path- 
 Avay will again be revealed, and light iis on to a higher and a better 
 national existence. The Kebellion will be completely and eft'ectually 
 subdued ; the causes that produced it A\:ill disa|)pear forever, and leave 
 no stain upon the glittering robes of freedom. The seceded States will 
 return to their allegiance and join the immortal sisterhood in main- 
 taining the supremacy of the Federal Government, and in declaring that 
 henceforth and forever, over the whole counry, from the blue waters of 
 the Atlantic to the golden gate that opens upon the Pacilic, from the 
 northern lakes to the land of the orange and the pnlm, 
 
 •' The Star Spangled Banner in triumph shall wave, 
 O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave." 
 
 The man or woman Avho contributes to this end by speaking and 
 writing hopefully of the result, by encouraging the Administration and 
 the army to persevere in their noble eftbrts, and by bearing patiently 
 the burdens which the present crisis demands, will be held in grateful 
 remembrance as long as liberty is cherished or patriotism commands 
 respect. 
 
 Though I believe in my soul tliat the hour of extremest peril is past, 
 and our ultimate triumph lully assured, yet more battles must be fought, 
 more victories won. Not till the rebel armies are thoroughly beaten and 
 dispersed, their means of resistence exhausted, and their wicked leaders 
 captured or driven into exile, will the war cease, and the work of recon- 
 struction and restoration commence. 
 
 For the present then, as heretofore, the nation's dt?pendence is upon 
 its brave and gallant soldiers. Though every citizen, each in his or her 
 own appointed place and vocation can, and will, if they have loyal hearts 
 and human affections, aid in some way in putting down the Eebellion. 
 vet, to the fighting men of the nation is reserved the immortal honor of 
 saving the country from dismemberment, and tht> Government from 
 overthrow and dissolution. 
 
28 
 
 To them i.s assigned llic duty of uiiardiiiL!;, ilei'cudiug and preserving 
 the home of lil)ertY fi\)ni tlu- rude hands of tlie spoiler; and to them, 
 equally with its founders and l)uilders, will be rendered, through all corn- 
 ing time, loud ascriptions of praise, and the liighest honors a grateful 
 people can besto^v. . 
 
 But the army which has performed such heroic deeds, and driven the 
 rebels almost to tlie point oi' utter defeat and unconditional submission, 
 is unable, for want of numbers, to give the finishing blow to the Eebel- 
 lion, and close, by one short and brilliant campaign, this bloody war. 
 To do this, the ranks of the army must be fdled up, and the Avar prose- 
 cuted with rencAved vigoi". 
 
 Economy, patriotism and humanity all unite in demanding that we 
 deal vigorous and rapid blows at the heart of the Rebellion, and that 
 what we have determined and undertaken to do shall be done quickly. 
 
 A call for volunteers is now ringing through the land, and every 
 motive that can stir the soul and nerve the arm is presented to induce 
 men to seize this opportuuit}' to serve the country and Avin the honors 
 it has to bestoAV ; or, falling nobly in its defence, enter into the inheritance 
 prepared for those of whom it shall be said '-Well done good and faith- 
 ful servant."" 
 
 Let no man hesitate because the day is far spent and the harvest mostly 
 gathered. When opportunity serves, a single moment is sufficient to 
 redeem the inactivity of a lifetime : and one sublime deed shall raise 
 the actor from the IcA'el of the ignoble and the base up to the purple 
 hills of transfiguration. 
 
 As those Avho labored but one hour in the Lord's vineyard shared 
 equally with those Avho bore the heat and burden of the day, so the 
 men who, at this eleventh hour of the Avar, join the army and help to Avin 
 the last and closing victory, Avill receive the samere\A'ard that is meted to the 
 liero of a hundred fights, and one glory shall encircle the broAvs of both. 
 
 NoAV if any man. ha\dng the proper cpialifications for a soldier, de- 
 sires to see the flag of his country, under Avliose starry folds he has found 
 protection, prosperity and honor, sustained, let him at once join the army. 
 If he desires to possess an easy conscience and his OAvn self respect 
 let him join the arm}'. Tf he looks fot- the friendship and hearty good 
 will of his neighbors, let him join the army. If he seeks public favor 
 and hopes to be classed among those whom the people Avill delight to 
 
 L 
 
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 012 028 318 
 
 24 
 
 honor, let lum j.^in the army. If bemshes to leave a legacy to bis cbib 
 dren, which, like the wido.v's <:r.s^, shall be mexhavTstible forever 
 flowing yet never diminished, let him join the army; and finally, it he 
 desires that, when bis days on earth are ended, his grave shall be api - 
 arim shrine and it ^ tnrf kept foreve* green and blossoming, let him jo n 
 The army; lor as it was the highest ambition of the men of 17 76 to 
 hay. carved upon their tombstones, "A soldier of the devolution so 
 the highest honor and the most endnring fame to which ^ly citizen 
 of this generation can attain, will be to have inscribed upon the marble 
 that marks his resting place, 
 
 5ACRED 
 
 TO THE ^rEMORY OF 
 
 ONE 
 
 WHO TX THE 
 
 AMERICAN REBELLION 
 
 FOrOHT TO 
 
 SUSTAIN THE GOVERNMENT 
 
 AND 
 
 PRESERVE THE UNION, 
 
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 pBS3