'OF THf 1 iiiiliiiiil ii iiiiiiliiliiiiJii ii.,..j JV, m i\ ^ LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 0001?3bl547^ ! I!i : iiill^fl '"^ GENERAL DANIEL DAVIDSON BIDWELL HISTORY OF THE Forty-Ninth New York Volunteers COMPILED BY FREDERICK DAVID BIDWELL ALBANY, NEW YORK ALBANY J. B. LYON COMPANY. PRINTERS 19 16 U^ A e.' HISTORY OF THE FORTY-NINTH REGIMENT, NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS Chapter I Ox July 30, 1861, at the request of the President of the United States, Honorable Edwin Dennison Morgan, Governor of the State of New York, issued his proclamation for the recruiting of twenty-five regiments of infantry of not more than one thousand men each. On the 31st of July the Union Defense Committee of the City of Buffalo consisting of the patriotic citizens of that city represented by Mayor Franklin A. Alberger, James Adams, Isaac Holloway and other prominent citizens, procured authority from the Governor of the State to recruit a regiment for immediate service. Temporary headquarters were established at James Adams and Company's store on Washington street, and Daniel Davidson Bidwell, a prominent military man of the city, was placed in charge of the afifairs of the new organization. Active recruiting was at once commenced. About August 12th, under permission of the War Department, the grounds and buildings at Fort Porter were occupied as headquarters. Barracks and other buildings were erected, tents put up, and the long deserted and neglected place assumed a military aspect, visited by many citizens and friends of volunteers already there and by many men coming in and voluntarily offering their services. Nine companies were recruited, principally in the following counties: Companies A, G. I and K in Chautauqua county; Com- panies B, D. E and F in Erie county, and Company H in Niagara county. By the 23d of August one company from Chautauqua county had arrived. Captain Plogstead had a goodly number in camp. Haines, Selkirk, Tillinghast, Bullymore and others were actively at work. Clothing had been received and issued. Drilling was commenced and guards mounted. Captain Heacock's company, which had been [1] 2 History of the 49th Regiment sent to Elmira rendezvous, had returned. Captain Drake had come from Westfield and Moss from Lockport with their companies, and before the end of August much progress had been made toward filling the regiment. On the 16th of September orders were received to report at the Park Barracks in New York City, and on the 16th the regiment left Fort Porter, escorted by all the military organizations then existing in Erie county, one company from Chautauqua county, and the Union Continentals, composed of old and prominent citizens of Buffalo under the command of Ex-President Millard Fillmore. Thousands of people lined the streets. Shouts, cheers, and the sweet sound of children's voices singing patriotic songs greeted them as they passed with difficulty thru the crowded streets, and many were the prayers and good wishes that followed them. The journey to New York was over the Erie Railroad, and as the train was long and heavy and the rails slippery with rain, the regiment was on the road until the morning of the 18th. During the trip they were the recipients of many and cordial greetings, and in the city from the ferry landing to the Park Barracks (where the Post Office now stands) much praise was given to the command for its sturdy and military appearance. At this place Company C from Westchester county, known as the " Fremont Rifles," was added. Special Orders Number 397, Adjutant General Orders State of New York, September 18, 1861, accepted and numbered the regi- ment, the 49th New York Volunteers. On that day it was mustered into the United States service. The State of New York issued to it 846 Harper's h'erry smooth bore muskets, model 1842, caliber 69. which had l)cen altered from Hint locks to percussion locks; 15,000 buck and ball cartridges ; 25,000 percussion caps ; 100 common and 18 wall tents. Governor Morgan, on bolialf of the State presented the regiment, before its departure for the scat of war, witli a national flag. The ladies of P>u ffalo and the Honorable William Fargo presented a second national flag in the spring of 1862. A regimental flag was presented to the 49th Battalion at Burksville Junction, Virginia, in April, 1865. New York Volunteers 3 The regiment numbered nearly nine hundred men and officers, and was officered as follows : Field and Staff Colonel — Daniel Davidson Bidwell. Lieutenant Colonel — William Clendenin Alberger. Major — George Washington Johnson. Surgeon — James A. Hall. Assistant Surgeon — William Warren Potter. Adjutant — William Bullymore. Quartermaster — Henry D. Tillinghast. Company A — Recruited at Fredonia Captain — Henry N. Marsh. First Lieutenant — Phillip S. Cottle. Second Lieutenant — Thomas Cluny. Company B — Recruited at Buffalo Captain — John F. E. Plogstead. First Lieutenant — Frederic Von Gayl. Second Lieutenant — William Weurz. Company C — Recruited at Portchester Captain — Charles N. Palmer. First Lieutenant — Gilbert J. Greene. Second Lieutenant — William Theodore Wiggins. Company D — Recruited at Buffalo Captain — William F. Wheeler. First Lieutenant — George Holden Selkirk. Second Lieutenant — Peter A. Taylor. Company E — Recruited at Buffalo Captain — Reuben E. Heacock. First Lieutenant — George W. Gilman. Second Lieutenant — William Ellis. Company F — Recruited at Buffalo Captain — Erasmus W. Haines. First Lieutenant — William Bullymore. Second Lieutenant — Charles Howell Bidwell. Company G — Recruited at Westfield Captain — Jeremi.\h Clinton Drake. First Lieutenant — Phineas Stevens. Second Lieutenant — Justin G. Thompson. Company H — Recruited at Lockport Captain — Charles H. Moss. First Lieutenant — Andrew W. Brazee. Second Lieutenant — Henry D. Hall. 4 History of the 49th Regiment Company I — Recruited at Forestville Captain — Raselas Dickinson. First Lieutenant — Erastus D. Holt. Second Lieutenant — James A. Boyde. Company K — Recruited at Jamestown Captain — Alonzo J. Marsh. First Lieutenant — Andrew J. Bovven. Second Lieutenant — Elial Foote Carpenter. The 49th New York Volunteers suffered a severe and unusual loss in the number of its field officers killed in action : General Bidwell at Cedar Creek, Major Ellis at Spottsylvania Court House, Lieutenant Colonel Johnson at Fort Stevens, and Colonel Holt in the final and victorious assault at the fall of Petersburg. The regiment participated in fifty-four skirmishes and engage- ments. Its greatest losses during the war occurred at the Battle of Spottsylvania Court House, where it lost 45.9 per cent, of the number engaged ; and at the Battle of the Wilderness, where it lost 20.5 per cent, of the number engaged. But two regiments in the regular army, th.e 14th and 18th, exceeded this regiment in its loss of killed and died of wounds. Twenty-four of its number died in Andersonville and other Confederate prisons. In Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvx's journal, interesting reminiscences are noted of the recruiting for the regiment. Mr. McKelvy was a youth of twenty, residing in Warren county, Pennsylvania. " Lon " Marsh, an old river pilot of Jamestown, New York, came over the State line for volunteers to fill up a company he was then forming and made speeches at county fairs, where the impression on the young men caused many to enlist. They went to Jamestown in fine style, for Marsh sent a four-horse coach out for them. They at once commenced drilling in Jones' Hall, and began to learn the rudiments of the great game of grim war. When the coni])any left Jamestown it was escorted to the boat landing by the home guards and the Zouaves and an immense crowd of friends and si^ectators. They were given comfort bags by young girls at Westfield ; these bags contained many useful articles for sewing, mending and patching; and what made them particularly interesting was that lach bag contained the name and address of New York Volunteers 5 the fair giver, with a polite request to correspond when they settled down to camp life. And the boys acted promptly on the polite request. The following record is taken from Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regiments " : 49TH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS — " SECOND BUFFALO" Neil's Brigade — Getty's Division — Sixth Corps (1) Colonel Daniel Davidson Bidwell, brevetted Brigadier General (killed). (2) Colonel Erastus D. Holt (killed). (3) Colonel George Holden Selkirk. Companies. KILLED AND DIED OF WOUNDS. DIED OF DISEASE, ACCI- DENTS, IN PRISON, ETC. Total Enroll- Officers. Men. Total. Officers. Men. Total. ment. Field and Staff Companv A 4 1 1 1 1 2 I 2 10 12 15 18 17 12 13 5 17 7 4 11 13 16 19 19 13 15 5 18 8 2 1 1 1 1 29 21 12 15 10 10 25 18 16 17 3 29 22 12 15 10 10 25 19 17 17 15 121 B . 126 C 106 D E. 156 145 F 117 G. 152 H 113 I K 1 1 139 125 Totals 15 126 141 5 174 179 1,312 141 killed — 10.7 per cent. Total of killed and wounded, 521; died in Confederate prisons (previously included), 24. Killed and Battles. Mortally Wounded. Yorktown, Virginia, April 5, 1862 . 1 Chickahominy, Virginia, June 27, 1862 1 White Oak Swamp, Virginia 1 Antietam, Maryland 7 Fredericksburg, Virginia (1862)... 2 Fredericksburg, Virginia (1863)... 4 On Picket, Pennsylvania, lune 4, 1863 .■ 1 Fairfield, Pennsylvania 1 Wilderness, Virginia 39 Killed and Battles. Mortally Wounded. Spottsylvania Court House, Vir- ginia 52 Cold Harbor, Virginia 5 Fort Stevens, D. C 7 Charlestown, West Virginia 1 Opequon, Virginia 3 Cedar Creek, Virginia 11 Petersburg, Virginia 3 Place unknown 2 6 History of the 49th Regiment Present, also, at Drainesville, Williamsburg, Golding's Farm, Malvern Hill, Crampton's Pass, Gettysburg, Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Sailor's Creek, Appomattox. Notes. — Organized at Buffalo, New York, September 18, 1861. The regi- ment arrived in Washington, September 21, 1861, and was assigned soon after to Stevens' (afterward Da\'idson's) Brigade, W. F. Smith's Di\nsion. In March, 1862, this division was placed in Keyes' (Fourth) Corps and accompanied it to to the Peninsula; but on May 18, 1862, the division was detached and used in forming the Sixth Corps, in which command (Third Brigade, Second Division) the regiment served until the end of the war. Although the regiment partici- pated in all the battles of the Army of the Potomac in 1862 and 1863, its losses were comparativelj^ small until 1864, when it encountered some hard fighting and severe losses. The 49th started on Grant's Virginia campaign May 4, 1864, with 384 men, losing at the Wilderness, 29 killed, 54 wounded, and 6 missing; and at Spottsylvania Court House, 24 killed, 89 wounded, and 18 missing. Among the killed in these battles were ten officers. At Spottsylvania Court Hotise the regiment behaved with especial gallantry, its percentage of loss in that battle being a remarkable one. Its term of service expired September 17, 1864, while fighting in the Shenandoah Valley, and the remnant of the regiment went home. The re-enlisted men and recruits with unexpired terms were left in the field and formed into a battalion of four companies which served thru the war. At Cedar Creek this battalion sustained a loss of 8 killed and 30 wounded. The 49th suffered a severe and tmusual loss in the number of its field officers killed in action. Colonel Bidwell, who had been brevetted General, was killed at Cedar Creek; Major EUis was mortally wounded at Spottsylvania Court House (shot with a ramrod); Lieutenant Colonel Johnson was killed at Fort Stevens; and Colonel Holt fell in the final and \'ictorious assault at the fall of Petersburg. New York Volunteers Chapter II SATURDAY EVENING, SeptEiNIBer 21st, the regiment started from New York for the seat of war. After an all night ride of ninety miles, Philadelphia was reached Sunday morning at four o'clock, and marched to the Old Cooper Shop, where a splendid breakfast was served by the patriotic ladies of the Quaker City. Baltimore was reached at three p. m., and the regiment marched across the city from one depot to the other. Having in mind the reception given the 6th ^Massachusetts Volunteers when that regi- ment passed thru Baltimore in April previous, Colonel Bidwell ordered the men to load their muskets before leaving the cars. The regiment was not molested, but from the looks of the people who lined the streets the men felt that they were not among friends. At eight p. M. Washington was reached. It had been a tedious journey, but the weather was fine, and the greetings along the line, even in Maryland, were encouraging. The first night the regiment bivouacked at the Soldiers' Rest. In the afternoon of the 23d it marched to Camp Leslie on Meridian Hill and formed its first camp. On the 25th it had its first drill. Two days later the regiment marched thru Washington and crossed the Chain Bridge in a cold rain storm, encamping in Virginia at Fort Ethan Allen. It was first brigaded with the 33d and 79th New York and 47th Pennsylvania, as General Issac I. Stevens' Brigade of General Wil- liam Farrar Smith's Division. The regiment was under fire for the first time October 14, 1861, at Lewinsville, Virginia, where two of the men were wounded. It lay in " Camp Griffin," near Lewinsville. till March 10, 1862, when it moved in the advance toward Manassas, but the evacuation of that point being reported, it marched thru Fairfax to Cloud's Mill, near Alexandria. After a few uneventful days, during which moving camp, target practice, regimental and brigade drills occupied most of the time, it embarked, Sunday, March 23, 1862, at Alexandria on the " T. V. Arrowsmith " for Fortress ]\Ionroe. A few miles down the river the boat anchored for the night. Starting again at davlight it reached Fortress Monroe 8 History of the 49th Regiment about seven o'clock in the evening. The men saw the " Monitor " ("the cheese box on a raft," which had recently become famous for her victory over the Confederate ironclad " Merrimac"") lying at anchor. Disembarking early in the morning of March 25th, the 49th Regi- ment marched out to Hampton Roads, and on the 27th made a reconnoissance to Watts Creek, near Big Bethel, returning to New- port News the next day. On the 31st, its camp was shelled by the Confederate gunboat, " Teaser," commanded by a younger brother of General Davidson, the Union brigade commander. April 4th the 49th Regiment marched, with three days' rations in haversacks, to Young's Mill, the Johnnies retreating before the advance. The men set the mill at work grinding corn and had a change in their rations. Proceeding early next morning, about three miles, it came upon Lee's Mill, on the Warwick River, where it found a fortification, over which floated the " stars and bars," from which a few shells were fired at it. A section of rifled Parrotts from Ayres" Battery was brought into action, and General Davidson personally sighted a gun which cut down the flag stafif in the fort. Turning to the gunner he said : " That's the way to do it ! Give them hail Columbia ! " A sergeant in the battery cut down the staff again afterward. The 49th Regiment was deployed along the river, which ran thru a growth of small trees and underbrush, and exchanged shots with the enemy. Milton Lewis of Company K was killed and two men of Company G were wounded, but not seriously. Lewis was the first man of the 49th Regiment to be killed in battle. He was buried by his comrades that night by moonlight among the small pines near where he fell, wrapped in his army blanket, in a coffin made from hardtack boxes. Here commenced the siege of V'orktown, which continued until its evacuation on the night of Ma\- 3d. During this time the men were crowding up nearer and nearer to the defences, advancing at night and throwing up earthworks with sand bag embrasures to protect the Union batteries on tlie next day, until they were within rifle shot distance of the main defences. .Mtho the men were under fire daily and every night, the Union casualties were few, while sickness prevailed on account of the swampy land on which the army was camped. New York Volunteers 9 On the morning of May 4th the sentries on Fort Hunter, directly in the army's front, appeared in their proper places, but quite rigid. With the advance of daylight it was discovered that they were but men of straw, clothed in the Confederate uniform. A general advance toward Richmond was now taken up. There were but few preparations to make and the men were soon in marching order. Crossing the river on a dam and advancing in column of fours toward the fort, a man near the head of the Hue struck the percus- sion end of a shell that had been planted in the path, with his foot, causing it to explode, wounding half a dozen or more. The men were halted and a squadron of cavalry, which did not allow any grass to grow under their feet, went after the rear guard of the enemy who had buried the infernal machines, and brought back a squad of them. They protested that they knew nothing of the matter, when General Davidson said : '' Very well ! We will march you at the head of the column and perhaps that will enable you to locate them." Their memories were suddenly refreshed and they placed little danger flags where a dozen or twenty shells had been buried, after which the army proceeded without further mishap. On one of the stuffed sentinels on Fort Hunter was pinned a note begging that the Yanks would not try to extort from him by forcible means any information as to the whereabouts of the Confederates, but to come on and the men would soon see another Manassas. At two o'clock the army moved forward and the advance was soon close to the rear guard of the enemy with which they several times came in contact. A number of men and horses were wounded, and the Union army took five pieces of artillery. After a hard march of nine miles the 49th Regiment went into camp for the night in a meadow by the roadside, within a couple of miles of Williamsburg. A heavv rain fell during the night, but the boys slept " the sleep of the righteous " and knew nothing of it until they were awakened in the morning to find themselves lying in several inches of water. Fires were soon started and the men spent the forenoon in getting their breakfast and drying their clothes " in place." At an earlv hour there was heavy artillery firing a short distance in the 49th Regiment's front, accompanied by a terrific rattle of musketry, which continued for some time, when wounded began to come to the rear, mostly from Hooker's division. The men of 10 History of the 49th Regiment the 49th Regiment expected every minute to be ordered into the fight, but were held in Hne of battle until about the middle of the afternoon, when they were sent to support Hancock's Brigade, to which two regiments of Stevens' Bridgade had been added, on the right of the line. Major Barger says this order was hailed with joy, for the sounds of the terrific battle going on so near, and the sight of scores of wounded men streaming to the rear, while the men were only standing and waiting, made minutes seem like hours and the men's nerves were being torn to pieces. Marching two miles thru mud almost knee deep, the men crossed a mill dam and arrived in front of Fort Magruder just as the fight was over. A heavy rain fell all the afternoon, drenching the men to the skin. The 49th Regiment was on picket duty that night, on ground covered with dead men. It stopped raining just before morning and the men pitched their tents near the fort, which had been evacuated during the night. A few days later the 49th Regiment passed thru old, historic Williamsburg, and May 14th reached White House Landing, on the Pamunkey River. Here was soon established an immense base of supplies, the extent of which is not easily comprehended. Here the Sixth Corps, which was to become famous for gallant deeds and glorious victories, was formed, by taking Slocum's Division from the First Corps and Smith's Division from the Fourth Corps, which became the First and Second Divisions, respectively, of the Sixth Corps, and placed under the command of General Franklin. After a few days the advance toward Richmond was taken up and by easy marches across the peninsula the 49th Regiment arrived before Mechanicville on the evening of ]\Iay 23d, where the Confederates were in some force. In the morning the Union batteries exchanged a few compliments and the Third Brigade charged the town, the enemy retreating across the Chickahominy toward Richmond. The Union army then destroyed the bridge after them. Next day four companies of the 49th Regiment with a squadron of cavalry made a reconnoissance to the right, with a view of burning the Virginia Central Railroad bridge, which was within three miles and a half of Richmond, if it should be found practicable. At a point on the roadside, opposite the bridge, two companies were deployed as skinnislicM-s and advanced thru a wheat field toward it. But it New York Volunteers 11 proved to be strongly guarded and the men were quickly discovered. A considerable body of cavalry started toward the Union left, and after exchanging a few shots with their pickets the men of the 49th Regiment hastily retired to Mechanicville, barely escaping being cut off by the cavalry which came down a cross road from the river only a few minutes after the men had passed it. May 26th the 49th Regiment proceeded from Mechanicville three or four miles to Beaver Dam Creek, and went into camp about half a mile from the Chickahominy. Next day the men were on fatigue duty, cutting logs for corduroy roads and bridges, many of the latter having been washed away by the rapid rise of the Chicka- hominy, caused by recent heavy rains. The battles of Fair Oaks and Seven Pines had been fiercely fought, with Union victories. Gaines' Mill had also been fought, and lost ; the 49th Regiment taking no part in either. The men of the 49th Regiment were building bridges and making corduroy roads thru the swamp, by means of which the Fifth Corps and troops connected with it might join the main army on the south side of the Chickahominy. At three o'clock on the morning of June 5th the men of the 49th Regiment were routed out to march immediately ; no time was given to make coffee or to get anything to eat, but the men were hur- ried to Dispatch Station, on the York River Railroad, thence four miles on the railroad track, crossing the Chickahominy, and returning to a point almost opposite that from which they started. Here they made a camp, but were hustled out of it within an hour to the picket line, having marched at least twenty miles, but the men thought there would be " something doing " and were ready for it. All proved to be quiet on the lines, however, and in the morning the m.en were relieved and went back to their last camp. Their work dur- ing the past week had been much of the time in the swamp where the water was from ankle deep to waist deep, and the surgeon insisted on issuing rations of whisky to every man. Some objected to tak- ing it on conscientious grounds and were excused, others had no such scruples, but Major Barger states that the flavor had been utterly ruined by the heavy doses of quinine that had been concealed in it. On the 7th they were marched to a point on Golding's Farm, on the bank of the river, exactly opposite Doctor Gaines' house. 12 History of the 49th Regiment where they remained until June 28th. Here they made Camp Lincoln. At this time the corps of Keyes, Heintzleman, Sumner and Frank- lin were lined up facing the city ; their pickets within sight of the church spires, and often within hearing of the church bells. There was a lull in hostihties, and a mutual agreemiCnt that there should be no more firing between pickets until further notice. The lines were not more than thirty rods apart. Yanks and Johnnies were soon friendly, swapping coffee for tobacco, newspapers and lies half way between the lines every day. The camp of the 49th Regiment was behind a small creek, on the banks of which were trees of considerable size and underbrush extending back several rods on each side. A good wooden bridge spanned the creek, over which the pickets went to and fro between the camp and the lines. Under direction of General Davidson, they built a small fort on a high spot on the river bank, covering the Gaines house and surrounding country, which they named Fort Davidson, in honor of their brigade commander. They also dug a heavy rifle pit along the whole front, and made several lines of log breastworks behind it. All of these moves indicated that an attack was looked for at this point. One day a battery of six thirty-two pound Parrott rifles, each gun being hauled by eight big mules, came up in their rear. The men built a redoubt about seventy-five feet long and four feet high, four rods in advance of their rifle pit, and diagonally towards it, behind which the battery was placed. Trees in front which obstructed the range were cut down, and for an hour or two the big shells were rained in on the city. l>efore dark, however, the guns were sent to the rear as they were not calculated for close action, which was anticipated at any moment. Next morning the Confederate pickets called out : " Look out Yanks ! We're going to shoot to-day ! " And due heed was given to the warning. Early in the forenoon the men were ordered into the rille pits, and took a beautiful shelling from the enemy's field batteries, which, however, did very little harm. A line of battle then advanced on the Union pickets, who promptly withdrew, to form behind the redoubt built for the big battery the day previous, and from this they fired on the advancing line. As the enemy came over the bridge and thru the New York Volunteers 13 creek in larger numbers, the pickets abandoned the redoubt for the first rifle pit, from which they continued firing. On seeing these men retire, the Confederates rushed up the slope yelling : " The Yankees are leaving their works ! " and took refuge on the outside of the redoubt until there was not room for another man behind it. A lively fire was kept up between the lines for a few minutes ; when two brass " twelves " of Ayres' Battery, which had been placed to rake the redoubt from end to end and shotted to the muzzles with grape and cannister, were fired, just once, and every Johnnie who was not shot started back whence he came as fast as possible. Many of them did not go far, for our boys jumped up on top of the rifle pits and plugged them in the back as they ran down the slope. Seventy men, dead and wounded lay outside of the redoubt. Among them was Colonel J. Q. A. Lamar of the 8th Georgia, who led the charge, wounded in the groin. He was well known to General Smith, the division commander, who came to see him when he learned who he was, as they had been at West Point together. The " Seven Days' Fight " was now^ on. General Joseph Eggleston Johnston had been wounded at Fair Oaks and Robert Edmund Lee had just been placed in command of the Confederate army of Virginia. He had quietly and quickly taken two-thirds of his army to the north side of the Chickahominy, leaving Richmond scantily protected, and made a terrific onslaught on Porter, who had less than a third of the Army of the Potomac with which to meet him, intending to crush him, and gain McClellan's rear, and cutting him ofif from his base at White House Landing. Good authorities say that if McClellan had taken advantage of Lee's withdrawal of so large a portion of his army from Richmond, to throw the main body of the Army of the Potomac against the small force remaining, he could easily have captured the city. The defences of Richmond were under command of General Beauregard, who was once asked how it was that Lee took the chances of such a move, and his reply was: "Our great commander knew perfectly well the character of the man who opposed him." Porter was having a hot time across the Chickahominy and the men on the south side of the river could not reach him, altho the Union batteries sent a good many shells from Fort Davidson when- ever sight could be obtained of the enemy. The 49th Regiment 14 History of the 49th Regiment broke camp by filling haversacks and canteens and packing knapsacks. The tents were left standing. Most of them were slashed to pieces, as they were soon to fall into the hands of the enemy. The regiment reached Savage Station in the afternoon of June 29th. This was the distributing depot for supplies brought from White House Landing. Piles of hardtack as big as houses and immense quantities of other provisions, clothing, arms and ammuni- tion were being burned and otherwise destroyed. At nearly dusk the regiment was hurried down to a piece of woods, from which the Union troops were retreating, and the men formed for a charge to drive out the Johnnies. Starting with a yell, the men of the 49th Regiment were soon in the woods where it was so dark that men who were touching elbows could not see each other, and were constantly separated by being obliged to pass around trees and thru underbrush, compelling them to maintain their line by speaking (in a very low tone) to each other. They made their way thru the woods to a clearing on the other side, but the enemy kept ahead of them and none were in sight when they reached the open. Then the regiment returned by the road, to take up the march to White Oak Swamp. A train of freight cars was prepared for its last trip by being loaded with shells and other ammunition, and set on fire ; the throttle of the locomotive was opened wide, and without a man aboard, it was started toward White House Landing, where it was not expected to arrive. The high bridge over the Chickahominy had been blown up, and the train went down into the river with a terrific explosion which sent up fireworks as high as the men could see. The boiler was doubtless overheated and exploded on striking the water and the exploding shells and cartridges furnished the rest. In the late evening the 49th Regiment started for White Oak Swamp, making but slow progress, as the regiment was the rear guard, and there were many troops with wagon trains and batteries that must precede it and cross the swamp before the bridge should be blown up. It was nearly daylight when the bridge was destroyed (June 30th) and the 49th Regiment made its way up on the heights which overlooked the swamp, from which the ground descended in their rear. No enemy was in sight and the men stacked arms New York Volunteers 15 and laid down behind them for a little rest. But scouts were on their heels, and finding they could not follow the regiment over the swamp, they got a battery on the heights on the opposite side and opened it on the sleeping soldiers. There was instant con- fusion, but the 49th Regiment was fomied on the lower ground and marched up to the stacks, taking their muskets and falling back in as orderly fashion as tho on a drill ground. Next came Malvern Hill, the last battle of the Peninsula campaign. The 49th Regiment was only on the fringe of it, being held in reserve; too much in reserve, for a review by competent authority shows that if the reserves had been put at once into action they could have gone right into Richmond. But the army's destina- tion was Harrison's Landing, on the James River, and a second opportunity within a week to have taken Richmond was lost. The regiment reached Harrison's Landing July 3d, having accom- plished a masterly change of base, by the flank, in the face of the enemy, with but a trifling loss. With the exception of the first day at Gaines' Mill, the Army of the Potomac had whipped the Confederates every day and ran away from them every night. The men were exhausted, but not discouraged, and after a few days' rest were " fit for anything." It was expected that another advance on Richmond would be made from this base. Many reconnoissances were made, as far as Malvern Hill and Savage Station, and the army was ready, but friction between General McCIellan and the War Departinent prevented it. On the 8th of July President Lincoln arrived at Harrison's Landing, and that evening, accompanied by his suite and General McCIellan and his large and brilliant staft", reviewed the Army of the Potomac by moonlight. It was a novel and very imposing spectacle. August 5th orders were received from Washington to withdraw the Army of the Potomac from the Peninsula, and preparations were rapidly made. First, the sick and wounded had to be sent away, and then all quartermasters, commissary and ordnance stores, of which there was an immense quantity, were shipped as fast as transportation could be furnished, to Fortress Monroe. The army itself had to be provisioned and made ready to march. A pontoon bridge, nearly half a mile long, had been thrown across the mouth of the Chickahominy swamp, and in the afternoon of August 16th 2 16 History of the 49th Regiment the 49th Regiment crossed it and passing thru Williamsburg, York- town and Big Bethel, reached Fortress Monroe, where it embarked August 21st for Alexandria, arriving there August 23d. Here the regiment was held for several days while the second Battle of Bull Run was progressing. The Army of the Potomac was turned over, piecemeal, to General John Pope, and McClellan was left without a command. On the 29th of August the 49th Regiment was hurried out thru Fairfax Court House and Centerville, passing east of Chantilly, while that battle was in progress, near enough to hear the guns. General Isaac I. Stevens, the 49th's first brigade commander, was killed here. But the regiment did not arrive early enough to participate in the fight. It, however, formed the rear guard of the army as it retreated toward Washington, thru a drenching rain on roads knee deep with mud. Between Centerville and Fairfax the roads became impassable and wagon trains and artillery took to the fields on either side, many wagons and guns became mired, and in efforts to pass them others shared their fate, while still others crowded up from behind imtil there was wild confusion. Darkness came early, adding to difficulties of the situation, and about midnight every one gave up trying to move and only tried to find room to lie down. Utter exhaustion brought sweet sleep even in these surroundings. The morning broke clear and the various commands were assembled, breakfasted, and started for Alexandria, where they arrived late in the evening of September 2d. New York Volunteers 17 Chapter III ON September 6th the Army of the Potomac once more under the command of General George Brinton McClellan, started on the Maryland campaign. That afternoon the 49th Regi- ment broke camp, and crossing the Long Bridge, reached Washing- ton in the early evening. The inhabitants were in a state of great excitement, delighted to see the men, and treated them with unwonted hospitahty. Men, women and children thickly lined the streets, along which, at frequent intervals, there were large kettles of cofifee, pails, barrels and wash-tubs filled with ice water and lemonade with here and there brewed and distilled goods, which came out on the quiet and were as quietly slipped into pockets for future consideration. Sandwiches were distributed in immense quantities, and great variety ; from big, substantial ones made of coarse brown rolls with chunks of corned beef, ham and cheese, to thin, dainty triangles of the whitest bread with the crusts cut off and chicken breast and boned turkey between. Even jelly cake, lady-fingers and pie were dealt out lavishly and without price to the tired, hungry soldiers, by the fairest members of Washington's most aristocratic society, as well as by those in moderate and poor circumstance. No regular halts were made; only such as were unavoidable, from the crowding of artillery and wagon trains thru the narrow streets and over narrower bridges. The refreshments went " catch as catch can," but our hosts and hostesses were vigilant and attentive and saw that all were liberally supplied, often running after those who were moving on in obedience to the order " Forward ! " and thrusting food into the hands of those who could not stop to eat or drink. Some of the men were ungracious enough to believe that their afifection for the boys in blue at this time was occasioned by the proximity of Lee's army, of which they were in abject fear. Those of the regiment who went out on the picket line in the morning had marched more than twenty miles since nine o'clock, and many were getting weary, but the regiment pushed on thru 18 History of the 49th Regiment Georgetown, where the citizens met the regiment in the same manner as at Washington, and where the tired men dropped at every temporary halt ; many of them being fast asleep as soon as they struck the pavement. It was often impossible to rouse them, and when the regiment halted at Tennallytown, shortly before daybreak, it had left most of the men, utterly exhausted, along the roadside. Major Barger states that he was one of four survivors in Company G, and other companies were no larger. But before noon nearly all of the tired ones had resumed their places. They were not stragglers, but just naturally required a little rest, after which they were again ready for duty. About four o'clock in the afternoon the regiment again took up the march. The Confederate army had made its way into Mary- land, and the Army of the Potomac was hot on its trail. The 49th Regiment passed thru the villages of Johnstown, Barnesville and Urbana, with a day's march between, camping near Monocacy Bridge, which it crossed Saturday morning, arriving in the pretty little village of Jefiferson in the afternoon. It was here right on the heels of the enemy, who evacuated Frederick City on their approach. The regiment proceeded on Sunday, and late in the afternoon, after passing thru a dense woods, came to a clearing, on the farther side of which, perhaps fifty or seventy-five rods distant, was the little hamlet of Burkittsville, quietly nestling at the foot of South Mountain, whose broad sides, thickly covered with trees and shrub- bery already taking on their autumn coloring, and with here and there a stone fence across, made a picture of peace and contentment fit for an artist's canvas. But as the men came into the open their contemplation of the landscape was rudely interrupted by a familiar puff of white smoke from a point high up on the mountain to the left and front, and the report of a field piece, followed by the whirring of a shell which passed over the men and exploded in a meadow beyond. The pace was quickened, and the men were soon so close to the mountain as to be out of range, altho the firing was taken uj) by several batteries along the crest. Passing thru the little knot of houses and outbuildings constituting the village of Burkittsville, on a road which turned sharply to the right and then curved around to the left, making its winding way New York Volunteers 19 over the mountain thru Crampton's Gap, the regiment found the enemy in considerable force ready to dispute its passage. At the same time was heard the opening of the fight by Slocum's Division, which was working up on the right side of the road, as well as the guns engaged at Turner's Gap, four miles away. The 49th Regi- ment took the fields on the left of the road, driving the scattering Confederates before them. It was called a " charge," but, while the men started with a rush, they soon encountered obstacles in the shape of logs, stumps and underbrush as well as places so steep that the men had to go around them, and several stone fences with strong Confederate lines behind them, making progress necessarily slow. Daylight was fast disappearing, and as the men climbed up the mountain, often taking hold of bushes to help themselves up the steep places, they occasionally met a rattling fire with a sheet of flame from the rifles of the enemy over the tops of the stone fences ; which was fearful to witness, altho on account of the dark- ness, and their being on so much lower ground, most of their bullets passed over the men's heads, doing no harm. At length the men reached the summit, gathered themselves together, scoured the bushes and brought in stray graybacks, estab- lished a picket line and rounded up their spoils, which consisted of two pieces of artillery, three stands of colors, seven hundred stands of arms, and about four hundred prisoners. The guns were taken by Smith's Division, with a few prisoners, a couple of Johnnies with their arms being brought in by Desmond Craine of Company G of the 49th Regiment; but most of the prisoners were taken by Slocum's Division. The main body of the enemy retreated down the valley toward Sharpsburg. On the morning of the 15th. the 49th Regiment started to reinforce Colonel Miles at Harper's Ferry, about six miles away, but before it had made half the distance, it learned that he had been mortally wounded and the position surrendered with the entire garrison of twelve thousand men. The regiment, therefore, retraced its steps to its camp of the previous night. Here it remained all of the 16th, hearing occasional firing at various points in the valley where the main bodies of the two armies were sparring for positions for the great conflict of the morrow. 20 History of the 49th Regiment Early on the morning of the 17th it became apparent that Lee was making a desperate attempt to turn the right of the Army of the Potomac, and the Sixth Corps was hurried down toward the right of the Une, where Sumner's and French's Divisions were hard pressed by Jackson, who had been assigned to command the Confederate left on the previous evening. The distance was about seven miles. The men made the last half, as much as was possible, on a double-quick, fording Antietam Creek where the water was waist deep, making it necessary for the men to hold up their cartridge boxes to keep their ammunition dry, and soon after filed in behind a narrow strip of woods near the Sharpsburg and Hagers- town turnpike, where there were several reserve batteries, which were hustled into action at various points, just as the 49th Regiment arrived. Battery A, Fourth Regular Artillery, was supporting Patrick's Brigade, of Doubleday's Division, which was in the immediate front, retreating rapidly after severe losses on ground which had been taken and lost five times since daybreak. As they passed thru the ranks of the 49th Regiment, the men learned that a number of their personal friends in the 21st New York Volunteers (First Buffalo) had been killed there only a few minutes before. Some of them called out, '' You will find a hot place over there, boys ! " Here the Division Commander, General William Farrar Smith, gave hurried orders to Colonel Irwin, who was in temporary com- mand of the Third Brigade, to drive back the advancing enemy and establish a line at a point where his experienced eye told him the men could hold their ground. The men were at once ordered '' By the left flank ; double quick," and passing thru the battery came to an open field within a few rods and over a fence where they met the " butternut cusses " and were order to " Charge l)ayonets !" They did not like the appearance of the front presented by the veterans of the Third Brigade, and broke and ran before the men of the Third Brigade struck them. The men were then ordered to "Commence firing!" and sent lots of graybacks to grass in short order on a field already thickly strewn with dead and wounded of both sides from the previous conflicts. The Third Brigade pressed forward over low ground, which rose to quite a ridge in front, and also on the right. Reaching the New York Volunteers 21 crest in front, which the brigade had been ordered to take and hold at all hazards, there was directly on their right, perhaps twenty rods distant, the Dunker Church, built by a sect whose creed is unalterably opposed to war in any form, standing on the turnpike, in the edge of the woods, a silent witness to war's bloody strife. It had been in possession of each side several times within a few hours, and had been punched full of holes by shot and shell from both Union and Confederate guns. Just at this time it was held by the Confederates in large numbers. At this point the men of the Third Brigade lost the protection of the ridge, both in front and on the right, and the enemy in the church and the woods about it at once delivered on them a wicked flank fire of musketry. As the 49th Regiment advanced in this charge the 77th and 33d New York Volunteers, forming the right of the Third Brigade, were on higher ground and not protected in the least degree. They advanced steadily altho losing frightfully, and would doubtless have been annihilated had not General Smith seen their predicament and sent an aide to their rescue, who faced them by the rear rank and placed them behind the ridge, at right angles with the other regiments of the brigade, facing the Hagers- town road, which position they held while the 49th Regiment pro- ceeded to a point opposite the Dunker Church. A Confederate battery in front, at very close range, now com- menced shelling the men of the 49th Regiment. The men were ordered to lie down, which order was obeyed with alacrity. Then the Union batteries in the rear opened fire on the enemy, receiving prompt responses from the enemy. Major Barger states that the whirring shells and screaming shrapnel going both ways over their prostrate forms, reduced the most corpulent of the men to very thin proportions. The range was very short, and the time between the discharge of a gun and the bursting of the shell was less than a second. A slight error in punching the time in a fuse would have killed friends instead of foes; and while the men had the utmost confidence in their comrades behind the guns, they breathed more freely when the artillery duel was over. Following this firing, they expected an infantry attack. Six times the ground had been fought over and occupied, first by one side, then by the other, since sunrise, and it was now but little after noon. The Third Brigade was to 22 History of the 49th Regiment hold it or die there but no further attempt was made to dislodge them from their position, which was farther advanced than that taken on any previous occasion. The afternoon was comparatively quiet until nearly sunset, when a battery of brass Napoleons was brought up near the left, which sent a storm of grape and cannister across the fields in the Union front, crashing against the stone fences and a grove of trees and some houses and barns just beyond. After the first round had been fired, the battery was so enveloped in white smoke, which rolled down close to the ground that neither man, gim, nor horse could be seen and only the fierce flame which shot out from their muzzles at each discharge told where the pieces stood. The firing was con- tinued until the guns were too hot' for further use, when they were sent to the rear. They had, however, cleared the front of all live Confederates who could get away. Just at dusk a picket, or advance guard, of about forty men, was detailed under command of Major Barger with orders to establish a line covering the regiment as far in advance as prudence would permit. The men started to march out in four ranks, around the right of the regiment, when they received another unexpected volley from the Dunker Church, showing that the Johnnies had not over- looked them. The men were moved back on lower ground, and deployed as skirmishers along the whole length of the regiment, and then taken forward in this formation, with much less exposure. It was soon so dark that all firing ceased. The casualties in the 49th Regiment were as follows : Jonathan R. Button and Thomas J. Miles of Company G, and Andrew Gula of Company B, were killed. The wounded included Lieutenant Colonel William Clendenin Alberger, who was injured in the face by a fragment of shell. He was honorably discharged from the regiment for disability on December 10, 1862.. The other wounded were Clark Ely, Alfred E. Wilcox and Samuel J. Woodard of Company K ; John D. Silsby and Thomas Spaulding of Company H ; Albert A. Bartlett of Company A; Peter Kibler of Company E; Sergeant Norman R. Thompson of Company G; and Edwin A. Graves of Company I. Graves died of his wounds a week later at the Hoffman House Hospital in Maryland. New York Volunteers 23 A truce of twenty-four hours was agreed upon for the purpose of burying the dead and removing and caring for the wounded. The Confederates utilized this time by sending their trains and artillery to the rear, and on the night of the 18th the whole Con- federate army disappeared. After the Battle of Antietam, Couch's Division was assigned to the Sixth Corps. Previous to this time the corps had been composed of but two divisions. From now to the end of the war it consisted of three divisions. On October 2d, Brigadier General Francis L. Vinton, formerly Colonel of the 43d New York Volunteers, was put put in command of the Third Brigade. While at Bakersville, Mary- land, October 2d, the Sixth Corps was ordered out for review by President Lincoln. The booming of cannon announced the approach of the Commander-in-Chief, who simply passed along the line of the divisions, acknowledging the salutations which greeted him, without requiring the columns to march in review. The soldiers manifested their appreciation by loud and repeated cheers. All the regiments had been thinned by deaths and sickness. Before the army left Harrison's Landing, Virginia, in August, efforts had been set on foot for filling them up. Recruiting officers had been detailed from every regiment to go home and obtain recruits. On October 8th, 1,700 recruits arrived for the Second Division, and the 49th Regiment received one hundred of them. A large number of convalescents also came from the hospitals. The advent of the new comers was hailed with joy by the veterans. Soon after midnight, October Uth, 1862, the Sixth Corps was ordered to move to Hagerstown, Maryland. In the midst of a heavy shower the march was made and Hagerstown was reached soon after daylight. For several weeks the army remained at Hagerstown and on the line of the Potomac. On the 10th of November an order came from President Lincoln relieving General McClellan of the command of the Army of the Potomac, and appointing General Ambrose Everett Burnside in his place. The 49th Regiment lost two of its best officers by resignation in 1862. Captain Jeremiah Clinton Drake of Company G, became Colonel of the 112th New York Volunteers on August 14th; and Lieutenant Elial Foote Carpenter of Company K, became Lieutenant Colonel of the same regiment on September 19th. Captain Drake 24 History of the 49th Regiment had been a Baptist minister in Chautauqua County at the outbreak of the Rebelhon, and without a particle of military knowledge, he raised a company and became its captain. When in the summer of 1862 a Chautauqua County regiment was enlisted, the 112th New York Volunteers, he was unanimously called to its command. This brave man was killed at the Battle of Cold Harbor, June 1, 1864. Lieutenant Colonel Carpenter was a splendid type of physical man- hood. It is doubtful if any of the gallant defenders of our country's flag did their duty more faithfully, valiantly or cheerfully than Lieutenant Colonel Carpenter. It was at the Battle of Drewry's Bluff on May 16, 1864, that he received his mortal wound, from the effects of which he died two days later. New York Volunteers 25 Chapter IV UPON TAKING COMMAND, General Burnside divided the Army of the Potomac into three Grand Divisions, to be known respectfully as the Right Grand Division, the Center Grand Division, and the Left Grand Division. General Sumner commanded the Right Grand Division, composed of the Second and Ninth Corps. General Hooker commanded the Center Grand Division, composed of the Third and Fifth Corps, and General Franklin commanded the Left Grand Division, composed of the First and Sixth Corps. The 49th Regiment was thus a part of the Left Grand Division. General Burnside was a believer in offensive movements. If General McClellan was criticised for being dilatory, no such criti- cism could hold against his successor. On the contrary, he was criticised as being too rash and hasty. The Fredericksburg cam- paign amply justifies this criticism. He planned a sudden dash for Richmond, which ended in a complete failure. Making Acquia Creek, on the Potomac, his base of supplies, he placed the Army of the Potomac near Fredericksburg, on the Rappahannock, from whence he proposed to march on Richmond. The weather was cold, and the mud almost unfathomable. On December 7th several men of the Third Brigade died in the ambulances from cold and exposure. Even those who were well could hardly manage to keep warm. Few men in that vast army slept, and the ringing of hundreds of axes and the falling of trees, which were to be piled on the fires, were heard all night. At Falmouth, on the north bank of the Rappahannock opposite Fredericksburg, a wait of several weeks ensued, because the pon- toons which were to meet Burnside on his arrival there were still at Washington. This gave Lee abundant time to bring together his forces and fortify important positions. On the morning of the 11th of December the Left Grand Division, commanded by General Franklin, marched to a point about two miles below Fredericksburg, where pontoon bridges were thrown across the river. The whole army was in motion. The 26 History of the 49th Regiment ground had become hardened by frost, and a Hght coating of snow lay upon it. The wheels no longer sunk in the mire, but artillery rolled easily over the frozen ground. The Right Grand Division, commanded by General Sumner, had already taken its position immediately in front of and above the City of Fredericksburg ; while the Center Grand Division, com- manded by General Hooker, had taken position just below the town. Sumner experienced the most difficulty in getting his bridges laid. In storehouses and dwellings along the bank of the river Confed- erate sharpshooters were concealed, who, by pouring murderous volleys into the midst of the pontoniers, repeatedly compelled them to suspend work on their bridges. Determined no longer to be thwarted by these concealed foes, General Burnside, who had some- time previously notified the civil authorities that if the houses were used as covers for men who were shooting Union soldiers they must suffer the consequences, ordered the batteries in position on Stafford Heights to concentrate their fire upon that portion of the town and destroy it. Soon after noon, the bombardment commenced. One hundred and seventy siege guns belched forth huge iron n"!issiles, and soon the lower part of the city was battered to pieces and on fire. During this tumult and conflagration, Sumner succeeded in lay- ing his bridges and crossing his troops. By this time both Hooker and Franklin had bridges across the river. South of Fredericks- burg upon an elevation, known as Marye's Heights, Lee had intrenched his army behind a long stone wall. This wall, four feet high, completely sheltered a portion of his troops, while they poured a murderous fire upon the charging columns of the Union army. On December 13th six desperate attacks were made against this impregnaljle position. The London Times' correspondent, who watched the battle from the heights, says : " That any mortal man could have carried this position, defended as it was, seems idle for a moment to believe." Sergeant McKelvy in his journal says that as Franklin had 40,000 men in the Left Grand Division, he should have rolled up Jackson and routed Lee's army. Franklin claimed to have waited for Burn- side's orders, until it was too late to attack effectivelv ; and while New York Volunteers 27 the Right Grand Division under Sumner was repeatedly thrown against the stone wall, the Center and Left Grand Divisions were comparatively idle, except a gallant charge by the Pennsylvania Reserves and Birney's Brigade on the extreme left, which was not supported, and hence the attack failed. General Vinton was wounded, and General Thomas H. Neill was placed in command of the Third Brigade. The part taken by the 49th Regiment in this great battle was unimportant. Major Fred C. Barger of Company G was wounded, losing his right hand by a piece of shrapnel shell. Lieutenant Erastus Mulkins of Company I was wounded in the hand. James A. Baker of Company C died January 20, 1863, at Armory Square Hospital, Washington, of wounds received here. Upon the advice of the Division commanders, General Burnside was persuaded to give up the struggle and on the night of Decem- ber 15th all of the Union army was transferred to the north side of the river. The 49th Regiment protected the removal of the pon- toons at Franklin's crossing. The army went into camp between Falmouth and Belle Plain, the Sixth Corps occupying a central posi- tion at White Oak Church, a little whitewashed meeting house, without bell or steeple, in the midst of a clump of white oak trees. The men built huts, building fire places in them, and made them- selves as comfortable as they could. Colonel Bidwell went home on leave of absence as his father, Benjamin Bidwell, was very ill. He died December 21, 1862. Ben- jamin Bidwell was the pioneer shipbuilder of BuiTalo. As his son was now participating in the Civil War, the father had participated in the W^ar of 1812, his home being burned by the British after the ill-fated Battle of Black Rock, December 30, 1813, in which battle Benjamin Bidwell served as a volunteer in the American army. Three generations of the family fought in America's wars ; the grandfather, John Bidwell, participated in the Revolutionary War, being present in the campaign about New^ York in 1776, and also in the campaign at Saratoga in 1777 at which Burgoyne surrendered. General Burnside was determined not to give up his attempt on Fredericksburg, and on January 20, 1863. an order came to march. During that night and the following day it rained continuously, the 28 History of the 49th Regiment bottom went out of the roads, and horses could not haul artillery or pontoons into position. Men took the place of horses — all day long, working and tugging in mud above their knees ; here a hun- dred men pulling at a pontoon boat, there a party prying a cannon out of the mire with long levers, and still others laying strips of corduroy road. All efforts, however, proved unavailing and the commander reluctantly abandoned the project. Thus ended the celebrated " Burnside's Mud March.'' On January 29th, an order came from President Lincoln relieving Generals Burnside, Sumner and Franklin of their commands. Gen- eral Joseph Hooker succeeded General Burnside. On February 4th General Smith was succeeded by General John Sedgwick in com- mand of the Sixth Corps, General Smith being ordered to the Department of North Carolina. The 49th Regiment had been without a chaplain since April 27, 1862, when John Bowman was discharged for disabihty. Now, after nine months, the regiment was joined by Henry Benson, who was enrolled at Albany, New York, February 5, 1863, and became the regimental chaplain. He was presented with a horse and equip- ment, and a church Vv^as built. The energy of General Hooker was soon manifested in the reorganization of the army. The three grand divisions were abolished and the corps commanders were made directly responsible to the general in chief. The cavalry was reorganized and put in efficient condition. The changes in the medical, quartermaster and commissary departments brought great improvements. The ambulance system was perfected, and every branch of service was given careful attention. General Hooker issued his order providing for corps badges to be worn on caps ; tbe Greek cross was assigned to the Sixth Corps, red for the First Division, white for the Second, and blue for the Third. The men of the 49th Regiment affixed the white crosses to their caps, and wore them during the remainder of the war. It was also borne on the battle flag of the division, and became a symbol of victory on many a hard fougbt field. During tbc winter the ground was occasionall\' covered with snow and battles with snow balls took place, difl^erent regiments chal- lenging each other. When the weather was pleasant baseball became New York Volunteers 29 popular, and there were many excellent players in the Third Brigade. These games were watched by great crowds with intense interest. On April 18th, the 49th and 77th Regiments played a grand game on the parade ground. In April the Army of the Potomac was reviewed by President Lincoln. It was a most imposing spectacle. The president in his civilian dress and high hat, with his little son, " Tad," riding beside him on a pony, accom- panied by General Hooker and staff and escort, was welcomed by the thunder of artillery and cheers of enthusiastic soldiers. Riding along in front of the different corps the President closely scrutin- ized each command. Each corps then passed before him in review, and the ceremony was over. General Hooker was another energetic commander and when spring arrived he determined to march on Richmond, but instead of attacking Fredericksburg, he decided to flank Lee's army ; and masking this movement by a demonstration on his front, by the left wing, comprising the First, Third and Sixth Corps under General Sedgwick, the right wing was well advanced before Lee was aware of his peril. General Hooker, with his right wing, consisting of the Second, Fifth, Eleventh a:nd Twelfth Corps, reached Chancel- lorsville on the evening of the 30th of April, when he expected to see Lee, conscious of danger, fly toward Richmond. Lee, however, boldly took the offensive and attacked Hooker on the first of May, detaching Jackson with 25,000 men to steal around to the rear of Hooker's right, which he did, taking this part of the army by surprise and driving it back in confusion upon the rest of the line. Meanwhile Sedgwick had crossed the Rappahannock and occu- pied Fredericksburg. But the Third and then the First Corps were taken from him and ordered to the support of Hooker. Sedgwick was to push on towards Chancellorsville with the Sixth Corps, expecting Hooker to meet him between Chancellorsville and Fredericksburg. But the battle of May 2d at Chancellorsville was of such a desperate character that Hooker did not resume it on May 3d, and Lee was enabled to turn his whole army upon Sedgwick. The Sixth Corps advanced beyond Fredericksburg and found the enemy intrenched on Marye's Heights. This position had proved 30 History of the 49th Regiment impregnable in the December campaign, when attacked by Burn- side. But Sedgwick now carried it by a direct assault. The services of the 49th Regiment at Fredericksburg were thus reported by General Thomas H. Neill, in command of the Third Brigade : " I have the honor to report, for the information of the General commanding the Second Division, that, on the night of May 2, 1863, in obedience to orders, I led my brigade across the pontoon bridge at Mansfield, on the Rappahannock, about three-fourths of a mile below Fredericksburg, posting two regiments, the 33d and 49th New York Volunteers, as pickets, in front of the enemy. At twelve o'clock, midnight, my brigade was ordered to march along the Bowling Green road toward Fredericksburg. While waiting to get the word, the enemy attacked the left of my picket line, held by the 49th New York Volunteers. The 49th repulsed them and held their ground." In the storming of Marye's Heights, on May 3d, the 49th Regi- ment, with the 20tli New York Volunteers, formed the right reserve of the first line of battle. General Neill's report continues as follows : " On the morning of the 4th of May the enemy attempted to gain our rear, when I led four regiments of my brigade back towards Fredericksburg and checked them. I must not omit to mention, on the morning of the 4th, a brigade of Confederates advanced to take an earthwork near the plank road, which was then occupied by our troops, when two companies of the 49th New York Volunteers and one com- pany of the 7th Maine V^olunteers, supported by the 49th New York Volunteers, in conjunction with two pieces of Lieutenant Martin's battery, entirely routed the whole brigade, and the three companies of infantry aforementioned, capturing two hundred prisoners and tlie colors of the 58th Virginia." Lieutenant Borcherdt's account of this repulse of the Confed- erates as given in his diary is as follows : " The Second Division changed front and extended its line of battle to the river, including Banks' Ford, six miles above the city. While making this change of position about ton a. m., the Fourth Brigade of Confederates New York Volunteers 31 came out of the woods in two lines. By orders of Colonel Bidwell the fire was reserved until they were very near, when a well directed fire caused great confusion in their ranks and a brilliant charge by Companies D and I, of the 49th Regiment resulted in killing and wounding thirty of their number, the capture of a stand of colors and one hundred and six men of the 58th Virginia Regiment. The colors were taken by Sergeant John P. McVeane of Company D, who afterwards received a medal of honor from President Lincoln for his gallant conduct." Again quoting General Neill's report : " On the evening of the 4th of May, about five o'clock, the whole of Longstreet's Corps came up the Richmond road, as reinforce- ments, attacking my right and front, massing large numbers of his infantry in the ravines, which were held by their troops. After losing about one thousand men, I was obliged to retire, my regiments being unable to cope with the overwhelming numbers of the enemy, and fearful lest in the position I then held they would be captured by the enemy piercing our lines in rear, between us and Banks' Ford. * * * 'Pl^g stubborn resistance of my brigade at that time, I believe, enabled the Sixth Corps to recross the Rappa- hannock. * * *" After capturing Marye's Heights, Sedgwick and the Sixth Corps pushed on to Salem Church, expecting to meet Hooker's army. Instead they met the whole of Lee's army ; and now the Sixth Corps whose proud record was that it never suffered defeat, was virtually surrounded by the enemy, and had to fight its way out and with- draw to the north bank of the river. Quoting Sergeant Sumner A. Smith's diary : " The 49th Regiment was the rear guard on the night of May 4th and three companies of this regiment, G, I and K, came near being left behind. " After having repulsed the enemy several times we returned to the line, where darkness found us waiting for the order to move, and wondering why it did not come. We learned afterwards that an order had been given, at the right, to move oflf quietly, which was repeated along the line, until it reached an interval between 3 32 History of the 49th Regiment companies and those beyond had received no orders. Most of the regiment had gone some distance, when the absence of three com- panies was discovered and reported to Colonel Bidwell, who rode back to see for himself. It was too true. Companies G, I and K were missing. Colonel Bidwell was in command of the brigade at this time and sent one of his aides to bring them in. In a short time he returned and reported that the enemy had advanced and the men could not be found. " Colonel Bidwell then asked, ' Who will go and bring in these men?" " His orderly, Robert H. Johnson, familiarly known as ' Tip ' Johnson, knowing where they had been before dark, said he would find them, and was soon off in search of them. He rode far to the left, arriving at some logs, where he dismounted, when he heard the click of a musket, and a voice which he recognized as belonging to Gustavus Vedder of Company I called out, 'Halt, who comes there ?' to which ' Tip ' gladly responded, ' A friend ; don't you know me, Gus ?' ' Who are you anyhow ?' demanded Vedder. The enemy's pickets were now awake and silence was in order. " Johnson soon found his way to the men and whispered his instructions. All very gently moved back, carrying their muskets at a ' trail,' ready at any moment for action. The Confederate skir- mishers were dimly seen in the darkness marching in the same direc- tion as the men of the 49th Regiment, but at a respectful distance. When the men reached the regiment, all were happy to see them again, for it was their belief that they had been captured." Sergeant McKelvy tells in his journal of the difficulty experienced in getting across the Rappahannock River that night. " Our engi- neers tried to place a pontoon bridge over the river, but as the moon revealed the situation a Confederate battery above us on the river promptly destroyed it, but in the small hours of the morning the moon went down and the bridge was completed and the men crossed over at early dawn with the Johnnies following the ambulances and wagons down to the river. The entire army fell back to the old camps, and the second Fredericksburg campaign was over." On May 11th Colonel Bidwell commended and thanked his men on the parade ground for their good conduct in the recent battle. New York Volunteers 33 The casualties were as follows : Augustus I. Durst of Company D, killed on JNIay 4th ; wounded, Edwin A. Cady, Lieutenant William DeLancey Boughton, Sergeant Charles E. Hessel, Sergeant Hiram P. Thompson, and Edward M. Wood of Company H ; Nathan Johnson, Thomas J. Kelley and Charles Roder of Company D; Samuel Adams of Company B ; Simon W. French of Company I, and John Proudfoot of Company K. Sergeant Hessel died ten days later at Potomac Creek Bridge, Virginia ; Simon W. French died of his wounds on Aiay 31st, at the Judiciary Square Hospital, Wash- ington ; Samuel Adams lived till December 29, 1863, when he died of his wounds at Palmyra, New York. The following members of the 49th Regiment were captured by the Confederates in these engagements : Elmor Fox, Charles Free- man, Sergeant Otis B. Hayes, John Osborn, Robert H. Taylor and Benjamin B. W^hite of Company H ; Charles W. Greely and James D. Purdy of Company G ; and Sergeant Henry H. Ingalsbee of Company I. In due time these men were paroled and returned to their companies. 34 History of the 49th Regiment Chapter V FLUSHED WITH THE VICTORIES of Fredericksburg and Chancellors- ville, Lee's army began the invasion of the North in June, 1863, with an army composed of the flower and chivalry of the South. He moved rapidly down the Shenandoah Valley, crossed the Potomac River and advanced to Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Apparently he intended to dictate terms of peace in Philadelphia or New York. Hooker, with the Army of the Potomac, followed the Confederates by forced marches, passing along the east side of the Bhie Ridge and South Mountains. The weather was oppressively warm, and the Sixth Corps was the last to cross the Potomac. On June 28, 1863, at Frederick, Maryland, General Hooker was relieved of the command of the Army of the Potomac by General George Gordon Meade. The command had changed so often, that this change, only three days before the Battle of Gettysburg, excited but little comment among the soldiers. They were anxious to retrieve what had been lost at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, and were as ready to fight under Meade as under Hooker. On June 29th at three a. m. the Sixth Corps left Edwards' Ferry, where it had crossed the Potomac River, reaching Barnestown for dinner. Later in the day a short rest was taken in a chestnut grove at Hyattstown, and a march of twenty-five miles was made before it halted for the night at six p. m. The men were weary and footsore when night at last came as a relief. Each man had carried five days' rations, gun, knapsack, canteen of water, and sixty rounds of ammunition. The next day it moved at five a. m. and at night halted near Manchester, Maryland, at least twenty miles from the left of the army, to protect Baltimore from an attack by the enemy. The inhabitants were glad to see the boys in blue and were liberal with their food and refreshments. During the last four days the 49th Regiment had covered over one hundred miles under a burning sun, and their hardest march was still ahead of them. New York Volunteers 35 On July 1st General Buford, commanding the Union cavalry, had advanced north of the City of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and fallen in with the van of Lee's army led by General Heth. General John Fulton Reynolds arrived soon afterwards with the First Corps, and the battle began in earnest. During the first day the Confederates greatly outnumbered the Union forces, which were pressed back, General Reynolds being killed. About noon General Oliver Otis Howard arrived with the Eleventh Corps, and assumed command. Under his direction the Union forces retired to a strong position on a range of rocky hills near Gettysburg, of which Gulp's Hill and Little Round Top were the two extremes of the line, and Cemetery Hill was the apex. General Howard sent urgent messsages to General Meade, the Union commander, and to General Henry Warner Slocum, who with the Twelfth Corps at Two Taverns, was only five miles away, for help. General Slocum at once came to the rescue, and late in the evening General Meade arrived on the field. All night long the different corps kept pouring in, and Meade made the following distribution of his troops : The Eleventh Corps, under General Howard, was still to occupy Cemetery Hill, just opposite the town. Upon a knoll to the right of the Eleventh Corps was the First Corps, now under the command of General John Newton. And still farther, forming the extreme right of the army, was the Twelfth Corps, under the command of General Slocum. On the left of Cemetery Hill occupying the extension of the ridge and a prominent hill, Little Round Top, the Third Corps, under General Daniel Edgar Sickles, and the Second Corps, under General Winfield Scott Hancock, were posted. The Fifth Corps, under General George Sykes, was to be held in reserve until the arrival of the Sixth Corps, the largest corps in the army. The Sixth Corps marched nearly all night, July 1st, and most of the day of July 2d. The men could hear the firing in the distance and knew the battle was on. They arrived on the battlefield at about five p. m. of the second day, having marched from thirty-five to thirty-seven miles over hot, dusty roads, and were well nigh exhausted. Cheers and shouts of joy filled the air as Sedgwick's veterans came filing in. Sickles and his Third Corps had their desperate battle that day at Peach Orchard, and were in sore need of help when the Sixth Corps arrived. The corps was divided 36 History of the 49th Regiment and sent to different positions to strengthen weak parts of the Hne. The Third Brigade, in which was the 49th Regiment, went to the extreme right of the army, and after marching and countermarching until midnight, hahed, in hne, and laid down to a well earned rest. The morning of July 3d dawned brightly and at once the rattle of musketry told of the renewal of the strife. On the right, where Slocum with a single division of the Twelfth Corps and the Third Brigade of the Second Division of the Sixth Corps held the long line, an attempt was made to retake the rifle pits captured from the Confederates the day before. The enemy charged furiously. They hoped to turn the Union flank and rout the army, but the small force replied to the desperate charge of the whole of Ewell's Corps with the most stubborn resistance. At length the Third Brigade passed far to the right of the Confederate line, and poured an enfilading volley into the gray coats. They, supposing that a heavy force had got on their flank withdrew, when the Union forces charging in turn, drove them with great loss from the rifle pits, which were held during the remainder of the engagement in spite of repeated efforts to dislodge the Union forces. For two hours just after noon a fearful cannonade that shook the country around was kept up. Then followed Pickett's charge against the center and left of the army. As the 49th Regiment was on the extreme right of the army it had no post of honor in repelling this wonderful charge. It was the culmination of the battle and when it failed, Lee realized that he was beaten. On July 5th, the Sixth Corps started in pursuit of the retreating enemy, overtaking Lee's rear guard at Fairfield, Pennsylvania, where a sharp skirmish occurred. General Sedgwick deemed the Confederate position, which was in a pass of the South Mountain range, too strong for a front assault by his corps and ordered a halt. On July 7th the Third Brigade reached Waynesboro at three p. m. where it remained a few days, the 49th Regiment doing provost duty for the town. On the 11th Antietam Creek was forded and the Brigade rejoined the Sixth Corps near Hagerstown, Maryland. Here the Army of the Potomac was in line of battle before the Con- federates for several days, and it was expected that Meade would strike Lee a blow before the latter could cross the Potomac River, >> c a E o < ^ Z ^ c n: .2 D S :r ^ ■"■ >. D^ CQ UJ ^ tS Z LJ us Q c o UJ O X lU H u. 3 o i-i 3:
  • Lieutenant Borcherdt states that Adjutant Haase, who was killed here, received thirty-two bullets in his body. The battle flag of the 49th Regiment disappeared and for several hours was buried under six dead men. On the 18th of Alay Captain Reuben E. Hfeacock of Company E was killed. His death was peculiarly sad. The 49th Regiment returned to the position held by them on the 12th and was in the first line only a hundred yards from the Confederate line and in plain view. Captain Heacock, being wounded, stretcher bearers at once started to the rear with him, but they had gone scarcely thirty paces when a shell burst directly under him, killing him and also the stretcher bearers, who were carrying him. The wounded on the 12th of May were as follows: Major Wil- liam Ellis, who died of his wounds August 3, 1864, in camp at Monocacy Creek, Maryland ; Thomas Apthorp, John Bego, Robert P. Benson, Captain Erastus D. Holt, Lafayette Hunting, Henry H. Ingalsbee and Sergeant Henry Rogers of Company I ; Thomas Brooks, Henry W. Howard, Andrew J. Matthews, Samuel W. Pearce, Charles Shaver and Bradford Slater of Company K ; John Arbor, Ferdinand Benzinger, Aaron C. Fisher, Jacob Herman and Julius Smith of Company E ; Hamer Dawson, Henry Handy, Nor- man Reynolds and George Voltze of Company A ; Christian Bode- man, Frederick Forster, Jacob Rider and Daniel Schneider of Com- pany B ; Edgar Ferris, Sergeant Josephus H. Finch, Lawrence MoHn and William H. Williams of Company C ; John G. Fox, Cap- tain George Holden Selkirk, Albert V. Sherman and John Thomas of Company D ; Frank Beehler and Andrew H. Keele of Company F; and Rufus R. Wait of Company H. On the 18th William S. Hudson, Junior, of Company C, was wounded. Sergeant Henry Rogers died of his wounds May 21st at Spottsyl- vania Court House ; Samuel W. Pearce died May 28th at Wash- ington, D. C. ; Lafayette Hunting died June 3d ; Hamer Dawson died June 16th and Thomas Apthorp died June 21st at General Hospital, Alexandria, Virginia. The captured were as follows : Thomas Barney, James Cady, William W. Conley, Desmond Craine, Albert Ferry, Lewis Han- chett, Dayton R. Leland, Patrick McGinn and Henry Vanderhorst 54 History of the 49th Regiment of Company G ; Jonas F. Conger, Nathan S. Horton, Matthew Keers and Charles Leroy of Company A ; Charles Gott, Benjamin T. Kellett, William J. Nolan and Sergeant Henry C. Orr of Com- pany D; John Dougherty, John Hall and George P. Hoyt of Com- pany C ; Jacob Quatlander of Company E ; John F. Haas of Com- pany F; and Patrick Cooney of Company I. Three of this number had been wounded, namely : James Cady, Charles Gott and Dayton R. Leland. Two were prisoners of war at the muster out of the regiment in 1865, namely : Thomas Bar- ney and Jacob Quatlander, while five died in Andersonville Prison, namely : Jonas F. Conger, died September 16, 1864, his grave is number 8919; Albert Ferry, died July 22, 1864; Charles Gott, died February 7, 1865, his grave is number 12,604 ; John F. Haas, died November 10. 1864, his grave is Number 11,947, and Matthew Keers, who died August 31, 1864. In 1902 the surviving veterans of the 49th Regiment purchased a plot of ground within a few feet of the " Bloody Angle " from E. L. Landram, and at an expense of over $500 erected a granite monument on it to commemorate the heroic deeds of the regiment on that eventful day, May 12, 1864. New York Volunteers 55 Chapter VII REPORT OF GENERAL DANIEL DAVIDSON BIDWELL. UNITED STATES VOLUNTEERS, COMMANDING THIRD BRIGADE Headquarters Third Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Corps, August 20, 1864. S IR. — In compliance with orders, I have the honor to make the following report of the operations since May 4, 1864 : I. On the morning of the 5th of ]May General Sedgwick, finding the enemy were in force on a road leading from Robertson's Tavern into the Germanna plank road, ordered this brigade deployed and advanced on that road. We drove the enemy for about two miles, when we came on an intrenched line supported by artillery. Shortly after we had arrived at this point the enemy advanced a brigade, charging our extreme right regiment, but they were repulsed by the 49th New York Volunteers and 7th Maine, we taking a number of prisoners and cutting off one of their regiments, which was cap- tured by the 5th Wisconsin A'olunteers. Later in the day we made a vigorous attempt to advance our lines, but owing to the strength of the enemy's position failed to accomplish the object. At 4.30 A. M. on the morning of the 6th we were again ordered to advance and dislodge them, if possible. During the night our line had been strengthened by a portion of the Jersey brigade, and at the appointed hour we made a vigorous assault, but the enemy having during the night strengthened their position, combined with the natural obstacles in our front, of a marsh covered with a heavy growth of thorn bushes, caused us to retire with a heavy loss to the position occupied during the night. About two hours later we were again ordered to advance with the whole line, but could not 56 History of the 49th Regiment gain any ground, when an order came to intrench where we were. About half an hour before dark the enemy made a desperate attack on the right of the general line held by a brigade of each of the First and Third Divisions. The Third Division breaking, caused the brigade of the First Division also to break, and all fell back on our line. This, with a heavy attack by the enemy in our front, came near sweeping away the brigade, and but for the uniiinching brav- ery of the officers and men would have done so. Our second line, changing front to rear, protected our flank, and the front line repulsed several attacks of the enemy. This position we held until twelve o'clock midnight, when we were ordered to retire by the left flank to a position on the Germanna plank road. In this strug- gle we lost very heavily in officers and men. On the plank road we took up a new position, and remained until dark of the evening of the 8th, when we took up our march for Spottsylvania Court House. II We arrived in front of Spottsylvania Court House about five p. M. on the 9th inst. This brigade was deployed on the extreme right of the general line, and ordered to advance with it at a given signal. This we did, breaking the enemy's line, but the brigade on our right, failing to advance with us, caused us to become isolated. With the enemy on both flanks, and it growing dark, we were ordered to retire to the positions we held before charging and intrench. On the morning of the 10th the 49th New York Volunteers was sent forward, and charged the outer line of the enemy and captured it with a number of prisoners. On the evening of the 10th the brigade joined in the assault on the enemy's line under General Upton, and assisted in capturing a large number of prisoners, the 43d New York capturing one stand of colors. On the morning of the 12th we were moved to the rear of the position just captured by General Hancock, and ordered to support a brigade of this division, commanded ])y Colonel Edwards, at the Angle. The brigade was deployed in line and moved to this point, and two of the regiments, the 49th and 77th New York, charged the Angle and took possession of the crest commanding it, which they New York Volunteers 57 held until relieved. The 43d New York, 61st Pennsylvania Volun- teers, and 7th Maine were deployed on the right of this position, supporting General Upton's brigade. The first line losing heavily and closing to the left, caused a vacancy, which these three regi- ments moved into, and where they remained two hours, delivering a musketry fire, and were relieved and removed to the left to the support of a brigade of the Second Corps. The troops which relieved the 49th and 77th New York were driven back, and these two regiments, with a portion of the Vermont brigade, formed and retook the crest. About dark the whole line was withdrawn about three hundred yards and went into bivouac for the night. Our loss in officers and men was very heavy in this engagement. On the 13th we remained in this position until dark, when we moved to the Anderson house, and the next day, crossed the Ny river. On the evening of the 17th we moved to the position in front of the Angle, where on the evening of the 18th, the division was formed in four lines of a brigade each. We were in the third line, and it getting light the advance was made waiting for the Third Division to complete their formation. Upon advancing, the Second Corps gave on our left, and the two front lines obliquing to the left, brought us in the front line, and the Third Division failing to advance exposed us to an artillery fire, which took us in reverse, on the flank and in front. In this engagement our loss was heavy and mostly from artillery. Ill During the epoch designated as the North Anna, this brigade was not engaged, and from that time until we were at Cold Harbor we were not engaged, except slight skirmishing. Upon arriving at Cold Harbor, on the 1st of June, this brigade changed front to the left and protected the flank from this attack. On the morning of the 2d we were moved to the right of the Second Corps, joining the Eighteenth Corps, and formed in four lines and advanced in an assault on the enemy's lines, which proved so strong that we failed to accomplish anything but advance our lines. Later in the day another assault was tried, but with no better success, when we 58 History of the 49th Regiment intrenched and advanced our lines by regular approaches. We remained in these intrenchments until the night of the 12th. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, Daniel Davidson Bidwell, Brigadier General Commanding. To Captain H. Stevens, Assistant Adjutant General, Second Division. REPORT OF GENERAL DANIEL DAVIDSON BIDWELL, COM- MANDING THIRD BRIGADE, OF OPERATIONS, JUNE 12th TO JULY 2d Headquarters Third Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Corps, August 20, 1864. Sir. — We remained in these intrenchments until the night of the 12th of June, when we moved across the Chickahominy, via Forge Bridge, to James River, which we crossed on the night of the 16th, and arrived in front of Petersburg the next day and relieved a portion of the Eighteenth Corps (Major General WilHam Farrar Smith's) line. On the 18th we advanced our lines about one mile, dislodging and driving the enemy, and then intrenched. On the 20th w.e were moved to the left, and in connection with the Vermont Brigade, relieved a division of the Second Corps, where we remained till the night of the 21st, when we moved to the extreme left of the general line near the Williams house. In the afternoon of the 22d we went into position on the left of the Third Division with our line refused toward the Jerusalem plank road, and afterward was moved to the support of the Third Divi- sion, which had advanced toward the Weldon railroad. The next day we moved about one mile to the front, which position we held during an attack on our skirmish line near the railroad, and at dark we withdrew to our former position, where we remained until the New York Volunteers 59 29th, when we advanced to Ream's Station, took position, and assisted to destroy the railroad track. On the 1st of July we returned to the Jerusalem plank road, and on the 2d of July returned to our former position near the Williams house. It would be useless to attempt to cite individual cases of bravery and fortitude during all these severe and bloody engagements. Every officer and man did his whole duty, and the stubbornness with which every battlefield was contested is attested by the accompanying list of casualties. But I desire to call the attention of the general commanding the division to the bravery and gallant conduct of Captain and Assistant Adjutant General W. H. Long, who by his efficiency and zeal rendered me much service and added greatly to the success of the brigade ; also to the gallant conduct of Captains George Holden Selkirk, George S. Orr and Lieutenant L. C. Small. who rendered valuable service during the campaign. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, Daniel Davidson Bidwell, Brigadier General, Commanding. To Captain H. Stevens, Assistant Adjutant General, Second Division. On the 24th the 49th Regiment crossed the North Anna River at Beaver Dam at four a. m. It was not actively engaged again, except in slight skirmishing, until the Battle of Cold Harbor. How- ever, it assisted in tearing up the tracks of the Virginia Central Railroad, burning the ties, and bending the rails. This was done to prevent Lee from receiving supplies from the west of Richmond. At midnight of May 31st an order came to march to the left of the Army of the Potomac. The Sixth Corps marched until one P. M., when a halt was ordered. It was a very hot, dusty dav, and many of the men fell out. A number of writers have spoken of this as one of the hardest marches the regiment passed thru. After resting two hours, orders came at three p. m. to advance, and the regiment's skirmish line was soon hotly engaged. The Confederates opened their batteries upon the men, but in a short time the Union 60 History of the 49th Regiment batteries were replying. Altho the men of the Sixth Corps were weary and exhausted from the long marches of the last several days, they dashed impetuously across the ploughed fields with shouts and cheers toward the enemy's works. It fairly rained shot and shell and rifle balls, but the graycoats were driven to their second line of intrenchments, and the battle continued until nine p. m. On June 2d the 49th Regiment was in line of battle at two a. m., and there was no chance for breakfast. The advance on the enemy's works commenced at four a. m., the troops charging in column by division. The first line of rifle pits was carried and held against repeated counter charges until seven a. m., when the 24th Massachu- setts broke and came streaming back in fearful disorder, trying to break thru the line of the 49th Regiment. But the 49th made them reform, and then allowed them to pass to the rear. At eight A. M. there were heavy charges by the right and left wings of the Army of the Potomac. The battle continued until four- thirty p. M., when the Confederates charged in force on the Second Corps, which was on the extreme right of the Union line, but the graycoats were driven back with fearful slaughter. Yet the Union forces lost heavily in the day's engagement also. The 49th Regiment remained in the trenches at Cold Harbor for ten days following the battle on the 2d of June. Lieutenant Borcherdt states that on the evening of the 4th he came near being captured by the Confederates when on skirmish. In establishing the vidette line the call came : " Surrender, you Yank." But he answered : " Not much, Johnny," and made a run for the Union line. The way the bullets whistled about him was a caution, but fortunately he escaped unhurt. The next day, the 5th of June, vvas a bad day for the 49th Regiment. They were in the first line all day, and a skirmish fire continued as long as daylight lasted. As tiie enemy's intrenchments were strong, and only a hundred yards from the Union line, their sharpshooters were continually picking off those who exposed them- selves. The intrenchments of the 49th Regiment were fully ten feet high. The men made observation holes thru the earthworks and a number of the regiment's best shots were on constant watch for a head or arm to show itself above the enemy's works. At eleven a. m. some of the boys amused themselves by raising a hat New York Volunteers 61 on a ramrod above the fort. Very quickly the Confederate sharp- shooters perforated it. At two p. m. one of Company C's men was sent to the rear for water. He had scarcely gone twenty feet before he was wounded by some Confederate sharpshooter. The men had to dig regular covered ways to get to the rear without being shot. Everyone was cautioned to withdraw their faces from the observa- tion holes in the earthworks when shooting at the enemy, but two men paid the penalty with their lives for not heeding this injunction. In the morning a sharpshooter in Company C, and in the afternoon a sharpshooter in Company B, fell over backwards, shot thru the head. Each had been doing execution with their Sharps rifles, but their turn came, too, and they were buried near the second line of intrenchments. At nine p. m. the 49th Regiment was relieved by the 7th Maine, and the men marched thru the covered way to the third line of works, where they remained for the night. Never before had the army of the Potomac been in a position where there was such constant danger as at Cold Harbor. Men in the front line dared not leave the cover of the breastworks except when the darkness of night had settled down, and even then the movement of a company to the rear might bring on a storm of shells. At all angles to the main line, high breastworks were thrown up, and then deep trenches were dug, so that the men might pass to and from the front without being observed. Even in spite of these extraordinary precautions no soldier was safe in venturing to go to the rear by daylight. Not a day passed, even when there was no battle, during which someone, in some regiment, was not killed or wounded. For ten days the Army of the Potomac lay upon the burning sands of that arid plain, the greater part of the line without even the friendly shelter of a tree ; dirty and grimey and choked with dust, yet not discouraged. The true-hearted soldiers of that magnificent army uttered no words of complaint. On the 12th of June General Grant ordered another flank movement, this time to the James River. The Second Corps, which held the extreme right of the line, was the first to withdraw from its position, and. in the darkness of the evening of the 12th of June, marched ofif down the Chickahominy. At midnight the Sixth Corps started, every precaution being taken 62 History of the 49th Regiment to deceive the enemy as to the destination of the army. The 49th Regiment crossed the Chickahominy at Forge Bridge. Two years before in the Peninsula campaign under McClellan, the 49th Regi- ment had crossed the same stream not far from this very spot. Thru how many vicissitudes of army hfe had the regiment passed since that time. On the night of the 16th of June the 49th Regiment crossed the James River near Charles City Court House, and the next day apeared in front of Petersburg. The Second Division of the Sixth Corps here relieved Brooks' Division of the Eighteenth Corps. This corps was now commanded by General William Farrar Smith, who was formerly commander of the Sixth Corps. The Army of the Potomac having failed to take the City of Peters- burg by surprise, Grant was compelled to throw up intrenchments and sit down in front of the Confederate lines. On the 29th of June the 49th Regiment proceeded to Ream's Station to assist in destroying the track of the Weldon Railroad. The casualties in the 49th Regiment during the Cold Harbor campaign were as follows : Killed, Henry Boehm of Company B, and Stephen C. Thorn of Company C, who lost their lives on the 5th of June. Thomas Bennett of Company D, was wounded on the 2d ; John Keneally of Company D, was wounded on the 5th ; George Louden of Company C, was wounded on the 6th ; while Frank Hoff- man of Company D, who was wounded on the 8th, died of his wounds nine days later. Gabriel Steinmetz of Company B, was captured by the enemy on the 4th. General McMahon, in an article on Cold Harbor in " Battles and Leaders of the Civil War," says that in the opinion of the majority of its survivors, the Battle of Cold Harbor never should have been fought, while General Grant in his Memoirs states : " I have always regretted that the last assault at Cold Harbor was ever made." New York Volunteers 63 Chapter VIII To RELIEVE THE PRESSURE on his front and perhaps to compel Grant's removal from before Richmond, Lee sent General Early with his corps down the Shenandoah V^alley straight against Washington. He easily brushed aside the Union forces in the valley and was soon knocking at the outer fortifications of the National Capital. Washington was again in terror, and many mili- tary writers have contended that had Early, on the 11th of July, made a determined efifort he could easily have captured the National Capital. One military writer speaks as follows : "On July 11th Early's van reined up before the fortifications covering the northern approaches to Washington. By afternoon the Confederate infantry had come up, and showed a strong line in front of Fort Stevens. Early had then an opportunity to dash into the city, the works being very slightly defended. The hope at head- quarters that the city could be saved from capture was very slender. But his conduct was feeble, and during the day the Sixth Corps arrived. After this no one of sound nerves had any fear for the safety of Washington." General Early, in discussing this campaign in an article in '• Battles and Leaders of the Civil War," says that his men were so worn out and exhausted by the forced marches that they had been thru, that it was an utter impossibility to make an attack on the 11th of July. Everyone concedes that the Sixth Corps arrived at Washington in the nick of time, and had it been one day later, it would have found the Confederates in possession of the National Capital. Jubal Anderson Early had been a strong Union man before the war ; and as a member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention, was one of the few who had the courage to vote against the ordin- ance of secession. However, when Virginia seceded from the Union, he cast his fortunes with his native state, and military writers speak of him as one of the best generals the South produced. 64 History of the 49th Regiment At nine o'clock on the evening of the 9th of July orders came to the Sixth Corps to march to City Point at once, and without delay the troops were in motion. The march of fourteen miles to City Point was made in the night, and by noon of the next day the men were all on board transports starting northward. At two o'clock on the afternoon of the 11th the transports touched the wharves in Washington. The process of disembarking occupied but little time. President Lincoln stood upon the wharf and chatted familiarly with the veterans. As the column formed and marched up Seventh street the people crowded upon the sidewalks exclaiming, " It is the old Sixth Corps! " " The danger is over now! " Altho an hour before Washington was in panic; now as the people saw the veterans wearing the Greek cross marching thru their streets, the excitement subsided and confidence prevailed. The corps marched to the north of the city and bivouacked for the night in a grove in the rear of Fort De Russey. To the right was Fort Stevens, while on the extreme right was Fort Slocum. The next day it was found that the principal force of the enemy was in front of Fort Stevens, and here it was determined to give them battle. The President, members of his Cabinet, and their ladies came out to Fort Stevens on the afternoon of the 12th to witness the battle. General Wright, commander of the Sixth Corps, stayed in the fort with President Lincoln. Soon Colonel Bidwell and his brigade were seen approaching. They marched past the fort into the valley beyond, where they formed in two lines of battle ; the 49th New York on the left, the 7th Maine in the center, and the 77th New York on the right. The second line was composed of the 122d New York, 61st Pennsylvania, and 43d New York regiments. Colonel Bidwell was in command, and according to preconcerted arrangements, he was to signal to General Wright, in the fort, his readiness for the attack ; then the great guns in the fort were to open a storm of shells upon the Confederate position. After volley succeeding volley of thirty-two-pound shells had been sent howling over his men into the midst of the graycoats. Colonel Bidwell gave the order to charge, and the brave fellows started eagerly forward. In magnificent order and with light steps they ran forward, up the ascent, thru the orchard, thru the little grove on the right, over New York Volunteers 65 the rail fence, and up the road straight towards the enemy's posi- tion. The Confederates at first stood their ground. Altho obliged to give way before the impetuous charge of Bidwell's men, they fought bravely, and even in their flight to their second line, they turned and poured volleys into their pursuers. At the summit of the ascent, the enemy was strengthened by their second line of battle. Here they made a stout resistance, and did not give way until darkness closed upon the scene, when Bidwell's Brigade was left in possession of the ground, having driven their adversaries more than a mile. During the night Early's men made their escape towards Rockville, while the Third Brigade was relieved by the Vermont Brigade. At midnight the Third Brigade returned to bivouac in the grove in the rear of Fort De Russ6y, which it had left in the morning. Thus ended the Battle of Fort Stevens, an engagement which receives but scant or no mention at all in our histories. Yet it was the only battle of the war fought under the eye of President Lincoln, who stood on the works of the fort until peremptorily ordered to a safer place by General Wright. It was also where the conspicuous bravery of Colonel Bidwell and his gallant brigade brought to him the star of a brigadier general. Washington was saved from capture and Early was forced to retrace his steps to the Shenandoah Valley. The casualties in the 49th Regiment from this engagement were as follows : Killed, Lieutenant David Lambert, Junior, and Charles Layton of Company A ; William H. Gillett of Company D, and Wil- liam Ruble of Company E. The wounded were Lieutenant Colonel George Washington Johnson, who died of his wound on July 29th ; Frederick Frier, David Ingram, Patrick Malloy and James Noon of Company D ; Stephen M. Bennett, James A. Gourley and William Robbins of Company K ; Joseph Geisler and Daniel Schneider of Company B ; Frank Bruggerman and Frank J. Stafford of Company I ; Christian Russert of Company E. and Sergeant Nehemiah Sperry of Company G. In the engagement Robert J. Cowden of Company K was captured by the enemy. The author of " Three Years in the Sixth Corps," speaks of the burial of those in the Third Brigade, who fell that day, as follows: 66 History of the 49th Regiment " We gathered our dead comrades from the field where they had fallen, and gave them the rude burial of soldiers on the common near Fort Stevens. None of those high in authority, who had come out to see them give up their lives for their country, were present to pay the last honors to the dead heroes. No officer of state, no lady of wealth, no citizen of Washington was there ; but we laid them in their graves within sight of the national capital, without coffins, with only their gory garments and their blankets around them. With the rude tenderness of soldiers, we covered them in the earth ; we marked their names with our pencils on the little headboards of pine, and turned sadly away to other scenes." On July 13th. the Sixth Corps, together with the Nineteenth Corps, started in pursuit of Early's Confederate army. Having gone as far as Snicker's Gap in the Shenandoah Valley, orders came from General Grant directing General Wright to return to Wash- ington at once with the Sixth Corps, that the troops might be returned to the Army of the Potomac before Early could reinforce Lee. Then by way of Leesburg, Drainsville, Lewinsville and Langley the men retraced their steps to Tennallytown, five miles out from Washington, which place it had left on the 13th. Transports were here waiting to convey the corps to City Point. On the 25th of July it became certain that Early had not gone to join Lee, but was still operating in the Valley. Therefore, on the 26th. orders came for the Sixth Corps to march at once to Harper's Ferry. Marching both day and night thru Frederick, Jefferson, Knoxville, Newton and Sandy Plook, the corps arrived at Halltown, four miles south of Harper's Ferry, on the evening of the 29th. The next day the men were ordered back again ; for Early's cavalry had made a raid into Pennsylvania and burned the City of Chambersburg. After marching all night and all day the veterans of the Sixth Corps were about played out and had to have some rest. So at the little village of Buckeyestown, five miles from Frederick, the corps halted for two days. There had been so much marching and countermarching all to no purpose that, visiting the little army on the 5th of August, General Grant decided to change commanders. General Philip New York Volunteers 67 Henry Sheridan was put in command of what was now to consti- tute the Middle MiUtary Division and his force was to comprise the Sixth Corps under General Wright, the Nineteenth Corps under General William Hemsley Emory, and the Eighth Corps under General George Crook. Also there was a cavalry contingent under General Alfred Thomas Archimedes Torbet. This marked a new era in the history of the Sixth Corps. From the very first it had always been a part of the Army of the Potomac, and now it was detached to help constitute another army. On the 10th of August the march was commenced up the Shenan- doah Valley. As the army passed thru Charlestown, the scene of the trial and execution of John Brown, every band and every drum corps in the army played the air, " John Brown's Body Lies Mould- ering in the Grave." Less than five years had gone by since this wonderful figure in history had paid the penalty for his conviction with his life, and now the very people who had stood about his gal- lows and expressed their hatred of him were themselves guilty of treason. At Charlestown Daniel Davidson Bidwell received his com- mission as brigadier general from President Lincoln, who, witnessing his gallant conduct in directing the Battle of Fort Stevens, had deter- mined that he should be rewarded. The army marched as far south as the little village of Strasburg on the south side of the Cedar Creek, where it was confronted by Early's batteries planted on Fisher's Hill. At this time Mosby and his guerrillas got in the rear of the army at Berryville and captured seventy-five wagons loaded with supplies. Under the circumstances it was deemed best to fall back to Charlestown, where the enemy attacked on the 21st of August, but after several hours of severe fighting in which the Second Division of the Sixth Corps bore the brunt of the attack, Early's men were driven off, leaving the Union forces in possession of the battle ground. Altho the Confederates had been repulsed, the position at Charles- town was one which might easily be flanked, and during the night the army fell back to Halltown, just south of Harper's Ferry. On the 15th of September General Grant again visited the army and made plans for the fall campaign. Early, however, took the initia- tive. On the 18th he sent General Gordon's division towards Martinsburg to drive out the Union forces and destroy the govern- 68 History of the 49th Regiment ment property. Sheridan perceived this to be the time to attack Early, when his forces were divided. So at two A. M. on the 19th the army moved to attack Early at Winchester, the Sixth Corps leading the advance. When the Sixth Corps arrived before Winchester and formed in line of battle in a cornfield ready to charge the enemy, it was found that the Nine- teenth Corps, which should have been on the ground, was left far behind. Orders were dispatched to hasten it to the field of action, but two hours of precious time elapsed before it was in position. These two hours of delay gave Early time to strengthen his right, to throw up earthworks, and to recall Gordon's division to his assistance. At eleven a. m. the advance was sounded, the Nine- teenth Corps occupying the right, and the Sixth Corps the left of the line. But they had not gone far when it was seen that the Nineteenth Corps was falling back and the Confederates following with yells of victory. The Sixth Corps held its own, and the Eighth Corps was brought across the Opequon Creek at quick pace and placed in the rear of the Nineteenth Corps. Again the advance was sounded, and so impetuous became the charge that in a little while Early's divisions were rushing thru Winchester in confusion. The next morning pursuit was commenced of Early's retreating army, which was found to have halted in a strong position at Strasburg. The Confederates were strongly intrenched just south of the village on Fisher's Hill. Sheridan perceived that to charge Early in front against earthworks bristling with cannon would be presumptuous, so he sent Crook with the Eighth Corps on the night of the 21st far to the right thru the fastnesses of the North Moun- tain to fall upon Early's flank and rear. This they did with the utmost secrecy, and the next day the Confederates were surprised by a fire in their rear, while the Sixth and Nineteenth Corps pressed them in front. Soon the whole of Early's army was in a panic and retreating in confusion and rout up the valley. They left behind sixteen guns of which Ridwell's Brigade captured six. After the iiattle of Fisher's Hill, Sheridan spent some time in destroying Confederate property in the valley. Seventy mills, with their flour and grain, and over two thousand barns filled with wheat, hay and farming implements were thus committed to the New York Volunteers 69 flames. Also seven thousand cattle and sheep were either driven off, or killed and issued to the men. Whether this cruel destruction of property was justified as a military necessity, is open to doubt. But at the time it was thoug-ht that as long as a Confederate army could subsist in the Shenandoah Valley, just so long a large Union force would be obliged to remain there to guard the frontier of Mary- land and prevent an attack on Washington. On October 10th the Sixth Corps was detached from the army in the Shenandoah Valley and began a march northward towards the Potomac to go on transports to again join the Army of the Potomac; but on the 13th the corps was again turned south and reunited with the Nineteenth and Eighth Corps on the north side of Cedar Creek, as Early's army had been reinforced by the arrival of Longstreet's Corps. The casualties in the 49th Regiment for these three engagements were as follows : Killed, Robert Beatson, Junior ; Lewis Bennett and Sergeant Charles A. Sayres of Company C, on September 19th at Opequon. Wounded, Henry H. Kingsley of Company E and Philip B. Laird of Company K, on August 21st at Charlestown. On the 19th of Septembr, August Euscher, Philip Fraemiller and James Ryan of Company C; Daniel Schneider of Company B and James W. Shaffer of Company D. This was the third time Daniel Schneider had been wounded in less than a year, suffering wounds at the Bloody Angle, Spottsylvania Court House, on May 12th, and at Fort Stevens, July 12th. Philip Laird was also wounded three months earlier on May 6th at The Wilderness. The three years for which the 49th Regiment enlisted expired September 17, 1864 at which time Major Andrew W. Brazee and eighty-nine veterans returned to Buffalo. Arriving there on the 18th of October they were received with distinguished honor and mustered out. At this time 1,550 names had appeared on the rolls of the regiment. The 410 members remaining, composed of re-enlisted men and recruits whose term of enlistment had not expired, were consolidated into four companies, under Colonel Erastus D. Holt, as the 49th Battalion. 70 History of the 49th Regiment REPORT OF GENERAL BIDWELL, COMMANDING THIRD BRIGADE, OF OPERATIONS, SEPTEMBER 19th TO 22d Headquarters Third Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Corps, September 28, 1864. Sir. — In obedience to orders from division headquarters, I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by the Third Brigade, Second Division, Sixth Corps, in the Battle of Opequon Creek on the 19th instant : We broke camp at two a. m. on the morning of the 19th and moved to the Berryville and Winchester pike, where we had the advance of the infantry column of the army. Crossing the Opequon River, and having proceeded about one mile and a half toward Winchester, we came up to the cavalry line, engaging the enemy, and were ordered to take position on the left of a deep ravine and also form the extreme left of the general line. This position was taken up by the regiments in this brigade in the following order : The 122d New York Volunteers were moved into a rail breastwork the cavalry had thrown up, and the 77th New York Volunteers were placed fifty paces in rear in support ; the 43d New York Volunteers were placed on the left in the rear of the 122d New York Volunteers, in echelon ; the 49th New York Volunteers on their left, with their left refused, and the 7th Maine on the left of the 49th New York Volunteers, with its left still more refused and resting on Abraham's Creek, and the 61st Pennsylvania Volunteers in reserve, in rear of the last three mentioned regiments. While making the dispositions the enemy opened on the brigade with a battery, which did us considerable injury. As soon as the brigade was in position a skirmish line was thrown out crossing Abraham's Creek and con- necting with a dismounted cavalry skirmish line. About noon I was ordered to have my skirmish line advance, connecting and guid- ing with the line of the First Brigade of this division, which was on our right. This was done and our line advanced about three Inmdred yards. Shortly afterwards the lines of battle were all ordered to advance, we guiding to the right. In executing this movement the regiments on the left of the 122d New York Volun- New York Volunteers 71 teers were moved so much more rapidly as to be able to conform to the direction of the general line when we had reached the most advanced point gained in this charge. The enemy making a charge on the skirmish line on the left of the creek, which charge also threat- ened our left. I had the 61st Pennsylvania Volunteers move to protect that flank, and some of the regiments of the brigade on our right having been thrown into confusion by advancing too rapidly and the enemy charging them, I had the 77th New York Volunteers deployed on the right of my line, and at the same time ordered Battery M, 5th United States Artillery, to take position on my right, which, opening fire checked the advance of the enemy. In this position we remained about two hours, when we were again ordered to advance. The enemy had been pressed back on the right of our general line and retreated across our front to our left. As before, I was ordered to guide and connect with the First Brigade of this division, which in advancing kept obliquing to the right, and as the enemy were accumulating in large numbers in a piece of woods on our left, I had to throw the 43d New York Volunteers in the skirmish line, who extended their intervals as we advanced toward Winchester. In all this maneuvering the battery before spoken of followed us up and went into position and opened fire as each successive crest was gained. After having nearly reached Winchester the enemy all disappeared in our proper front, and the whole brigade line was formed facing to what had been our flank, perpendicular to the Strasburg and Winchester pike, and a division of the Nine- teenth Corps came up and prolonged our line to the left. We were then again advanced about half a mile, but the enemy being in full retreat, and it growing dark, we were halted and bivouacked for the night. This was the close of the action before Winchester. On the 20th instant we pursued the enemy and came upon them in their intrenchments at Fisher's Hill, near Strasburg, when two regiments of this brigade, the 49th and 77th New York Volunteers, were thrown forward as skirmishers and pickets, with their left resting on the Strasburg and Winchester pike, taking position on the right of the Second Brigade and on the left of the First Brigade, and at the same time deployed the 122d New York Volunteers as skirmishers in our front, who, attempting to advance, found such a heavy line of the enemy in the front as to effectually resist their 72 History of the 49th Regiment advancement. Shortly afterward a regiment of the Third Division charged thru them, attempting to dislodge the enemy, but were repulsed, and they fell back thru our lines. Just at dark the First Brigade of this division charged the enemy at this point and drove them from their position, when we took position in the woods on their left in two lines, which we intrenched during the night. The 122d New York were withdrawn and two companies of the 7th Maine were advanced as skirmishers. In this position we remained until about four p. m. of the 22d instant, when we were ordered to advance and take possession of a crest immediately in front of the enemy's position, guiding on the First Division, on our left. We moved forward to the crest designated and halted. In executing this maneuver we were exposed to a heavy artillery fire, and tne brigade on our right, being still more exposed than we, halted in an old rifle pit about one hundred yards in rear of our front line. In this position we remained from twenty minutes to half an hour, when reports having come that the left of the enemy had been turned, and they showing uneasiness on our right, we were ordered to charge their works in our front which had been considered by them to be impregnable. At the command " Forward !" the brigade started considerably in advance of the First Division and the remainder of this division and succeeded in planting simultaneously the colors of the 122d and 43d New York Volunteers in an earth- work of the enemy, containing four guns, which were captured together with about 150 prisoners. Some men of the 43d New York Volunteers and 61st Pennsylvania \''olunteers turned and fired two of the guns on the retreating enemy, who fled in wild confusion when the whole brigade started in pursuit. Arriving near the Winchester pike they found the enemy had one piece of artillery with a slight support, which they were about to open on us when the 43d New York Volunteers charged and captured it, shooting the horse of the major of the 1st Louisiana, in command of it, capturing him, together with the colonel of the 26th Georgia, who was at the time in command of the Georgia brigade. The brigade then followed the enemy up the pike until halted, where they remained until joined by the 49th and 77th New York Volunteers, who had, during this time, been skirmishing in front of the Nineteenth Corps. Here we remained until the pursuit of the enemy was taken up by the whole army. UJ ►J o z < >- Q O o >. J c DQ re) a - E o H D < c/o u ^ d:: o c o UJ ' in n: en H s q: a O c z -J c o D Qi c/^ ^^S:^,i w^ New York Volunteers 73 I would call attention to the following officers, whose conduct during these engagements were particularly meritorious : Lieuten- ant Colonel W. B. French, 77th New York \'olunteers, for the able manner in which he handled the skirmish line before Fisher's Hill, the 20th and 22d instant. Major C. A. Milliken. 43d New York Vol- unteers, for leading his regiment in the charge at Fisher's Hill, assisting in capturing five pieces of artillery. Second Lieutenant and x\cting Adjutant William J. Kaiser, 49th New York Volunteers, for bravery during the engagement at \\'inchester, in which he was wounded. Lieutenant R. H. Moses, 122d New York Volunteers, for leading his regiment in the charge at Fisher's Hill. Captain Alexander B. Sumner, 7th Maine, for ability shown in handling the skirmish line before Winchester, and I am particularly indebted to ]\rajor William H. Long, assistant adjutant general; Captain George Holden Selkirk, acting assistant inspector general; Captain George S. Orr, acting aide-de-camp, and Lieutenant L. C. Small, acting aide-de-camp, for the assistance and services rendered on both these occasions, and every officer and man in the command did his duty. I am, major, very respectfully, your obedient servant, Daniel Davidson Bidvvell, Brigadier General, Commanding. To Major Charles Mundee, Assistant Adjutant General, Second Diznsion. 74 History of the 49th Regiment Chapter IX DURING THE ABSENCE of General Sheridan, who had gone to . Washington, the Confederate army under General Early, before daylight on the morning of the 19th of October, fell with terrific force upon the Eighth Corps, which constituted the left wing of the Union army. Under cover of a heavy fog the Confeder- ates had quietly captured a large part of the picket force and nothing then interposed between the graycoats and General Crook's camps. Toward these they hastened, and so complete was the surprise, that the men of the Eighth Corps were, for the most part, quietly sleep- ing in their tents. They soon became fugitives ; and the Confederates seizing the Union batteries along that part of the line, turned them upon the camps of the Nineteenth Corps, constituting the center of the Union army. At the same time a Confederate line of battle was advanced against the Nineteenth Corps from the front. Daylight was just merging from night, thick mists hung like an impenetrable veil over the field, and the men of General Emory's corps were unable to tell whence came this storm of missiles. A general stampede commenced. The enemy came down upon the Nineteenth Corps, which gave way and came back upon the Sixth Corps, which constituted the right of the Union army. This was a critical moment. The Sixth Corps was at once faced to the rear and moved over the plain to meet the advancing hosts of the enemy. It was posted in the edge of an oak grove. Bidwell's Brigade was on the extreme left. With fearless impetuosity Early's army moved up the gentle rise of ground in front of the Sixth Corps, and the attack from one end of the line to the other was simultaneous. With a clash of steel to steel the astonished Confederates were checked. They had found an immovable obstacle to their march to victory. The Second Division of the Sixth Corps had received the most severe shock of the attack, and Bidwell's IVigade holding the Middletown pike, had sustained the attack of the whole of Kershaw's Confed- erate Division, whicb came tip in compact order to within very New York Volunteers 75 close range. This gallant brigade received the onset with full volleys, causing the right of the Confederate line to stagger back. The whole Confederate force was, almost at the same moment, repulsed by the other brigades of the Second Division. The enemy checked, General Bidwell ordered his brigade to charge. Rising from their places in the little graveyard and the grove, the* brigade rushed forward, the Confederates breaking and running in confusion down the slope which they had just ascended with such confidence, and across the little stream of water. The Confederates, using the twenty-one guns which they had captured from the two broken corps, turned this artillery upon the Third Brigade, causing Bidwell's men to return to their places under shelter of a rise of ground. It was at this time that General Bidwell was struck down by a cannon ball, and the command of the Third Brigade devolved upon Colonel French of the 77th New York Volunteers. Again the Confederates charged up the crest of the hill and again they were repulsed by the Third Brigade. Finally a third charge was made, and this, too, was repulsed. General Getty, who was temporarily in command of the Sixth Corps, in his official report of the battle states that " the Second Division of the Sixth Corps held its posi- tion on a crest of a hill unsupported and unaided for over an hour after all other troops had left the field, checking the farther advance of the enemy and repulsing every attack, thus giving time to the scattered commands to reorganize and reform." As the First and Third Divisions of the Sixth Corps had fallen back, it was necessary for the Second Division to take a new posi- tion, or Early would creep around in their rear and outflank theny. So the Second Division moved back leisurely, contesting every inch of ground, about a mile to the north of Middletown, with its left resting on the Middletown pike, and in this position served as a nucleus on which the lines of the army were reformed. As the Second Division took this new position they carried with them all their wounded, all their shelter tents, and all their personal prop- erty of every description. This division was not driven back. It had three times repulsed the most desperate charges of the whole Confederate army, and was taking a new position only to save itself from being outflanked. 76 History of the 49th Regiment In the new position the Second Division formed the left, the First Division the center, and the Third Division the right. Gen- eral Wright, who was in command of the army during the absence of General Sheridan, brought up other troops to this line. The cavalry consisting of Custer on the right and Alerritt on the left ; and also the Nineteenth Corps, which General Emory had succeeded^ in restoring to order, was massed on the right and rear of the Sixth Corps. With this new line of battle in the strong position now held. General Wright determined that not only should the retreat stop, but also that an advance should be made and the Confederates driven back across Cedar Creek. Altho Thomas Buchanan Read in his poem, " Sheridan's Ride," and many other writers have delighted to falsify history in their account of this battle, the fact remains that the retreat had stopped before Sheridan reached the army at Middletown and the Confederates would have been driven back across Cedar Creek just the same even if Sheridan had not arrived on the scene at all. Between ten and eleven General Sheridan arrived on the ground, and he completed the arrangements already nearly finished by Gen- eral Wright. At one o'clock the Confederates advanced against the right of the Union line, but were repulsed. A brisk fire of artillery was kept up by the gra}Coats for some time, but even this died away and nothing but the scattering fire of skirmishers was heard. Apparently Early had relinquished the idea of any further offensive operations, and as little thought that any were designed by Sheri- dan. The Confederates quietly proceeded to bring their baggage wagons and ambulances across Cedar Creek, and set themselves about fitting up the Union camps for their own use. It was not until three o'clock that Sheridan gave the order to move. The Second Division had to advance upon the lines of the enemy over almost open ground, in the face of a heavy fire of musketry and artillery, and altho parts of the line yielded for the moment to the galling fire, the mass of the division moved steadily on, driving the enemiy from its first position back upon its second, and eventually forcing them from this, and driving them in con- fusion thru Middletown and the plains beyond, to and over Cedar Creek. While the impression is prevalent that the Confederate retreat became a rout, this too apparently is a misstatement. General New York Volunteers 77 Early in his official report of the hattle states that his army retreated in good order, and carried with them south of Cedar Creek 1,100 Union prisoners. The casualties in the 49th Regiment during this engagement were- : Killed, Sergeant William E. Boulles, Charles Smith and John F Wark of Company A ; George Herman and George Montgomery of Company C, and Michael Lighthalt of Company D. Charles Smith was but eighteen years of age. He had enlisted July 12, 1864, at Yates, New York, and now three months later his life was sud- denly blotted out. The wounded were : William E. Beach, John J. Fischer, Henry D. Harding, Jacob Herman, Timothy Howard, Captain William S. Hudson, Junior, Sergeant Julius Smith and Franklin Wonderlin of Company C ; Howard B. Doty, Lieutenant French W. Fisher, Anthony Houg, Joseph Ihler, Charles Nagel, William E. Relf and William Rush of Company B ; Jacob Bergman, John Foley. Sebas- tian Mouray, John Normanton and Charles SeifTert of Company D ; Orlin Pratt, Charles Smith and James Vanderpool of Company A ; Christian Royan and William Short of Company G ; George Rinker of Company E, and John Stewart of Company I. Captain William S. Hudson, Junior, Timothy Howard and Orlin Pratt had been wounded in the Wilderness engagements, Captain Hudson on May 18th, Timothy Howard on May 10th and Orlin Pratt on May 6th. Also Jacob Herman had been wounded at the " Bloody Angle," Spottsylvania Court House, on May 12th. Several of those above mentioned died of their wounds as follows : Howard B. Doty, William E. Relf and Christian Royan. The com- mand now devolved upon Colonel Erastus D. Holt, who had been enrolled in 1861 at Forestville, New York, as first lieutenant of Com- pany L Such had been the vicissitudes of the regiment that thru deaths, disabilities, and resignation the chief command of the regi- ment passed down thru eight companies and threw its mantle of leadership upon this brave man of Company L It is interesting to note that two future Presidents of the United States, Rutherford Birchard Hayes and William McKinley, par- ticipated in the Battle of Cedar Creek, and as members of the Eighth Corps, fell back several miles in company with the retreat of this corps. 78 History of the 49th Regiment REPORT OF GEORGE WASHINGTON GETTY, COMMANDING SECOND DIVISION, SIXTH CORPS, OF OPERATIONS, OCTOBER 19, 1864 — THE BATTLE OF CEDAR CREEK Headquarters Second Division, Sixth Corps, November 15, 1864. Major. — I have the honor to make the following report of the operations of the 19th of October, 1864, the Battle of Cedar Creek: At an early hour the camp was aroused by picket firing on the flanks of the army, soon followed by heavy musketry on the left. The division was immediately ordered under arms, and at about six A. M. moved by the left in two lines toward the pike. On reaching Meadow Run, a fire from the enemy's skirmishers occupying a piece of woods near the pike, was encountered. Skirmishers were immediately thrown forward, the woods cleared, and the division formed in two lines along the run, nearly parallel to the pike, and connecting on the right with the First Division. As soon as formed, the lines were advanced across the run, the left thrown forward in order to gain possession of the pike. At this juncture, observing the troops on the right falling back in confusion, and running thru the artillery of the corps, and heavy lines of Confederate infantry pressing in that direction, I withdrew the division to the west side of the creek, about three hundred yards, to a strong crest, semi-circular in form and partially wooded. The second line was moved up and extended the first, it being necessary to cover as much ground as possible. The right flank was entirely uncovered ; on the left, however, where the crest was refused parallel to and bordering the run, a skirmish line of Bidwell's brigade (Third), which held that flank, was extended along the height and connected with a skirmish line of a portion of Merritt's cavalry on the left rear. This movement was closely followed up by the enemy, and the line was barely established in the new position when he attacked in force with great vigor, but was repulsed. The attack fell heaviest on the right, Warner's brigade (First), and on the left center, where Bidwell's and Grant's brigades joined. The enemy's lines charged to within thirty yards of the crest, when, unable to withstand our fire, they fell back in disorder. Reforming at the foot of the hill New York Volunteers 79 they again charged, to be again repulsed. The enemy now brought up his batteries and concentrated on the division a severe fire of artillery, but being sheltered by the ground the loss from this cause was lighter than could have been expected. After holding this position for over an hour, it became necessary to withdraw the division, the enemy having turned the right and opened a flank and reverse fire upon the line. Obliquing to the right to gain the pike, the division retired in perfect order, marching slowly and making several halts, to a position about a mile north of Middle- town, where a new line was established, with the left resting on the pike, connecting with Merritt's cavalry, already in position on the east side of the pike, and slight rail breast works were thrown up. The line of skirmishers was strengthened and the farther advance of the enemy checked. While repelling the enemy's attacks on the crest held in the morning, I was informed that the command of the corps. General Ricketts being wounded, had devolved upon me. The command of the division was transferred to Brigadier General Lewis A. Grant. At this time no portion of the army, with the exception of this division, was fighting on the field. The infantry and artil- lery, driven by the enemy from the field, had fallen back some dis- tance and were reorganizing. On withdrawing from the position I sent orders to the com- manders of the First and Third Divisions to conform to the move- ments of the Second, and when this division was halted the First and Third were brought up to the line and placed on the right, the Third holding the center and the First the right of the corps line. General Sheridan reaching the field between eleven and twelve o'clock, I relinquished the command of the corps to Major General Wright and resumed that of the division. During this time the division lay under a heavy artillery fire, and the enemy's skirmishers were sharply engaged with ours, who held them at bay and repulsed several attacks in force. Just before one p. m. I received intelli- gence from Major General Sheridan, thru one of his aides-de-camp, Captain O'Keefe, that the enemy were preparing for an attack, and that it would probably fall upon my right flank; also directions to mass in that direction. In obedience to these instructions, Grant's brigade (Second) was immediately moved to the right and 6 80 History of the 49th Regiment posted by Major General Wright in support of the right of the Sixth and left of the Nineteenth Corps. The attack was made at one o'clock ; fell heaviest, I understand, upon the Nineteenth Corps and was repulsed. Grant's brigade was shortly after withdrawn and placed in reserve in rear of the center of the division. At three- thirty the general advance was made. The division, Grant's brigade having previously taken its position in the line, moved for- ward over perfectly open ground, with the exception of the extreme right, which was screened by the woods, and under a heavy lire for half a mile, when a check was experienced. The 93d Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, on the extreme right of the division, fell back in some confusion, for the reason, it is alleged, that the troops on their right fell back. At the same time the Third Brigade, which held the left, resting on the pike, having advanced to a very exposed position, came under a terrific fire of infantry and artillery, and was compelled to fall back. Genera;l Grant's brigade (Second) and the bulk of Warner's brigade (First), however, stood firm, being some- what covered by a stone wall. The Third Brigade and 93d Pennsyl- vania Volunteers were soon rallied and brought back on the line. The division then advanced again, and charging over open ground, drove the enemy, who was strongly posted behind stone walls, from his first position, back upon his second, near Middletown. Following up closely, he was soon forced from this position and driven thru the town. The troops pressed hotly after the now broken Confederates, without regard to lines or order, as far as Cedar Creek, where the command was halted, reformed, and marched back to the camps of the morning. I take great pride in recapitulating the services of the division in the operations of this eventful day. At daybreak the division was on the extreme right of the infantry of the army. Immediately after daylight it moved by the left toward Middletown, with a view of gaining possession of the pike and the high ground near the town. On its march it encoiuitercd the enemy, formed line rapidly, and immediately advanced, driving the enemy and taking some prisoners. At this time, finding itself on the extreme left, compelled, from unforeseen causes, to halt and occupy a crest three hundred yards to the rear, it held this position unsupported and unaided for over an New York Volunteers 81 hour after all other troops had left the field, checking the farther advance of the enemy and repulsing every attack, thus giving time to the scattered commands to reorganize and reform. Finally, out- numbered and outflanked, the division moved back leisurely, con- testing every inch of ground, to about a mile north of Middletown, with its left resting on the pike, and in this position served as the nucleus on which the lines of the army were reformed. In the afternoon the division advanced upon the enemy over almost entirely open ground, in the face of a heavy fire of musketry and artillery, and altho parts of the line had to yield for the moment to the galling fire encountered, the mass of the division moved steadily on, driving the enemy from his first position back upon his second, and eventually forcing him from this position and driving him in confusion thru Middletown and the plains beyond, to and over Cedar Creek. General Daniel Davidson Bidwell, who commanded the Third Brigade, was struck by a shell and mortally wounded early in the day. Actuated by a true sense of duty and patriotism General Bidwell took up arms at the outbreak of the rebellion, and for more than three years followed the banner of the Republic, sharing with his troops the dangers and privations of active field service. As a regimental and brigade commander in the Army of the Potomac he took part in all the arduous campaigns and bloody battles of that army from Yorktown to Petersburg, and was always at the head of his command, at the post of duty and danger. Brave and devoted as an officer, earnest, upright, and single minded as a man, he was beloved by his command and respected by every one. In his death the country and service have suffered a great loss. I am major, very respectfully, your obedient servant, George Washington Getty, Brigadier General United States Volunteers, Commanding Division. To Major C. A. Whiittier, Acting Assistant Adjutant General. 82 History of the 49th Regiment Mayor's Office, Buffalo, New York, October 24, 1864. To the Honorable the Common Council: Gentlemen. — It is my melancholy duty to announce the death of General Daniel Davidson Bidwell, of this city, who was killed in the Battle of Cedar Creek, on the 19th instant, and to transmit the accompanying communication from Colonel WilHam Findlay Rogers, of the 74th Regiment, New York National Guard. I recommend that the use of the Council Chamber be granted as requested, and that the invitation to attend the funeral be accepted. Among the names of Buffalonians rendered historic by the war, none will occupy a higher place on the scroll of fame than the late General Bidwell. Leaving an important position of civil trust to do battle for the cause of the Union, devotedly and unostentatiously discharging his duty on many a bloody field, loved by his soldiers and commanding the confidence of his superior officers, promoted from the rank of Colonel to that of Brigadier General for gallant conduct, he has at last sealed his devotion to his country with his life. As a citizen he had won the regard of the community by his amiability and his correct deportment ; as a soldier, he has given proof of those qualities of mind and heart, that unfaltering courage and iron will, which entitle him to the highest honors that a grate- ful and sorrowing people can bestow. It is becoming that the municipal government should testify to its respect for the memory of one who has died that the Nation may live. Respectfully submitted, William G. Fargo, Mayor. New York Volunteers 83 The following is the communication referred to : State of New York, Headquarters 74th Regiment, National Guard, October 24, 1864. Honorable William G. Fargo, Mayor: Dear Sir. — I have the honor to advise you and thru you the Honorable Common Council, that the remains of the late General Daniel Davidson Bidwell, United States Volunteers, will probably arrive in this city this day. Permission is respectfully requested to allow the remains to lie in state in the Council Chamber until the hour of the funeral. The city authorities are respectfully invited to participate in the funeral ceremonies. I have the honor to be, Very respectfully, your obedient servant, William Findlay Rogers, Colonel y-fth Regiment. National Guard, State of Neiv York. Whereas, This Council has heard, thru the communication of his honor, the Mayor, of the death on the field of battle, of General Daniel Davidson Bidwell, be it Resolved, That the Council does hereby express its heatfelt sor- row, and put on record its tribute of respect to the memory of the deceased. General Bidwell was well known to the members of this Council, and was highly esteemed. At one time an Alderman and member of this body, and at various time Police Justice and Justice of the Peace in this city, his official conduct was ever characterized by great ability and unbending integrity. But it was chiefly in his capacity as a private citizen, as a noble gentleman and a true friend, that he won the hearts of all who knew him. When the country made its call for defenders against the assaults of rebellion. General Bidwell responded and threw his whole soul, with his sword, into 84 History of the 49th Regiment the service of the Union and Constitution. His mihtary experience rendered his zeal more than ordinarily effective, and from the first his friends have heard of him as ever at the post of duty and danger, esteemed and relied on by his superior officers. His services, his cool, undaunted courage, his clear military mind, have been con- spicuous on a score of fields and have often obtained the plaudits of commanding generals. When at last he sealed his devotion to the Union with his blood, not this Council chiefly, not this city alone, not even the great State, only to whose name his valor has added luster, but the whole country, was called to mourn. No braver soldier has laid his life upon the nation's altar of sacrifice. By his fall the cause of the country has been made still more sacred. His name and memory are a bequest which the people will cherish and forever keep fresh. Resolved, That the several recommendations of his honor, the Mayor, be adopted by this Council, and as a further respect to the memory of the deceased this Council will attend the funeral in a body, and that it do now adjourn. New York Volunteers 85 Chapter X AFTER THE Battle OF Cedar Creek Shcriclan's army fell back twenty miles to Winchester, where it went into winter quarters. All offensive operations in the Shenandoah Valley were now over. On the 9th of December the Sixth Corps was recalled to Wash- ington, and from thence went to the front to once more become part of the Army of the Potomac and take its place in the trenches at Petersburg, Virginia. Many changes had taken place during the five months the corps had been detached from the Army of the Potomac, and now the men were glad to be reunited to the grand army with whose history it had so long been associated. When the Sixth Corps left the Army of the Potomac in July the Union line of intrenchments extended only a little beyond the Jerusalem plank road. But when the Sixth Corps returned in December the Union line crossed the Weldon Railroad and reached Hatcher's Run, nearly eight miles beyond the position occupied in July. In March the Third Brigade of the Second Division of the Sixth Corps of which the 49th Regiment was a part was sent forward to take and hold the Confederate picket line near the Squirrel Level road. The Third Brigade gallantly executed the order, and notwith- standing the enemy brought nine pieces of artillery to bear upon it. and sent reinforcements to the point, the ground was held. Lee had stretched out his line of intrenchments so far that his line had become very thin, and fearing that Grant would break thru, he determined to retreat to Danville, leaving Richmond and Petersburg to their fate. He hoped to march farther south and unite his army to that of General Joseph Eggleston Johnston. But he had waited too long. At half past four a. m. on the 2d of April, 1865, the Sixth Corps broke thru the Confederate position in front of Forts Fisher and Welch as far as Hatcher's Run. Tn this engagement the 49th Regiment, with the 77th New York Volun- teers, formed the front center of the assaulting and triumphing 86 History of the 49th Regiment column, and the 49th Regiment was the first to plant its flag on the works of the Confederates on the South Side road. Again on the 6th of April the Sixth Corps had a sharp engage- ment with a portion of Lee's army at Sailor's Creek, where they had thrown up breastworks behind this difficult and marshy stream. The counter charge of the Confederates here was an act of desperate madness, and resulted in the surrender of several thousand of Lee's men to become Union prisoners. Thus the right of the Confederate army was annihilated, and there was no longer any hope of escape for Lee southward. On the 9th of April the Confederate leader surrendered at Appomattox Court House. After the surrender, the Sixth Corps was ordered to Danville, V'irginia : and while there the 49th Regiment was detailed to act as an escort to an officer connected with the corps staff, who was instructed to visit Greensboro, North Carolina, and confer with General Johnston, who commanded all of the Confederate army that was left at that time. The casualties in the 49th Regiment during these last three engagements were as follows : Wounded, John Speck of Com- pany A ; Frank J. Ritter of Company B, and Maurice P. Sullivan of Company E, on March 25th ; Colonel Erastus D. Holt, and Wil- liam Armstrong and James Turner of Company A, on April 2d, and Captain Solomon W. Russell, Junior, of Company D, on April 6th. Five days later Colonel Holt died of his wounds in the hospital at City Point, Virginia. He never recovered consciousness from the bullet wound in his head, while leading his men in the charge at Petersburg, which pierced the Confederate line. Chautauqua County furnished no better or braver man during the war than Colonel Holt. Entirely unaided by any outside influences, but sim- ply upon his own merit, he rose to the command of the regiment. When a captain of Company I he was offered a higher position in another regiment, but he refused to take it, saying that he had prom- ised the men when they were enlisting in the 49th Regiment, he would stay with them to the end. And stay he did with the shat- tered fortunes of the regiment until death took him from his com- rades. New York Volunteers 87 The command of the 49th Regiment now devolved upon Colonel George Holden Selkirk, who left Buftalo, New York, in 1861 as first lieutenant of Company D, and to whom fell the duty of bring- ing home in 1865 the little remnant of the gallant 49th Regiment. Several of the men of the 49th Regiment were captured by the Confederates during the closing days of the war, as follows : Charles Lewis of Company E on January 9th. Julius Burckherdt of Company C and Alexander Tosh of Company E on March 27th, and John C. Gardner of Company A on April 2d. The Confederacy was no more and the Union was saved. It was resolved to bring as many as possible of the million Union soldiers thru Washington for a last grand review. For two days, May 22d and 23d, the veterans paraded thru the avenues of the capital, reviewed by their officers, the President, the members of Congress, and by hundreds of distinguished people who had come to witness the grand spectacle. On the 27th of June, 1865. at Washington, the 49th Regiment, consisting of 18 officers and 274 enlisted men, was mustered out. The last roll was called the last banner furled and the war-scarred soldiers departed from the National capital to receive the welcome of waiting ones at home. But in many homes in Chautauqua, Erie, Niagara and Westchester counties, where the 49th Regiment had been recruited, were broken hearts, never to be gladdened by the return of father, son or brother. In a few days the soldier was once more a private citizen, and the stirring scenes of four years, thru which the 49th Regiment had passed, were soon to become memories which should live again only in the fireside tale of the veteran or on the page of the historian. In 1883 the veterans of the 49th Regiment organized a X'eterans' Association, which has met in a reunion of comrades of the 49th Regiment every year since. These reunions are usually held in the summer upon the shores of Chautauqua Lake, where the members with their families come together for a day, to recall the stirring scenes of long ago, when Bidwell led them at the " Bloody Angle," Fort Stevens and Cedar Creek. 88 History of the 49th Regiment At the Reunion held on June 27, 1901, at Jamestown, New York, it was decided to erect a monument at the " Bloody Angle," Spott- sylvania Court House, Virginia, to commemorate the valor, deeds and memories of the brave men who there gave their lives for their country's flag. A monument committee, consisting of Norman R. Thompson, Alexander H. McKelvy, Joseph D. Wilder, Nehemiah Sperry and Sumner A. Smith, received contributions from one hun- dred and three comrades and friends, amounting to $578. A plot of ground was purchased of E. L. Landram of Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia, where the battle was fought on May 12, 1864. On October 9, 1902, the monument was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies, addresses being delivered by Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvy of Warren, Pennsylvania, and Comrade William Mulkie of Corry, Pennsylvania. The State of New York erected monuments for all the New York regiments which participated in the Battle of Gettysburg, vtpon that famous battlefield. The one erected for the 49th Regiment cost $1,500, and was dedicated on July 2, 1893. The ceremonies consisted of an invocation by Reverend S. S. Ballou, and addresses by Colonel Thomas T. Cluney, Norman R. Thompson, John H. Pickett and Alexander H. McKelvy. At the 1915 Reunion, Comrade Sumner A. Smith gave the results of his efforts to locate the graves of soldiers of the 49th Regiment in the various national cemeteries : United States National Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland — Edward Bacon, Company E, December 28, 1864; Philip Brown, Company B, September 22, 1862; Cyrus Covell Junior, Company G, October 21, 1862; William H. Downs, Company K, September 12, 1862; Horace Failin;^, Company H, Octo- ber 8, 1862; Nathan Herrick, Company B, October 24, 1862; Gabriel Stein- metz, Company B, October 14, 1864; Adin C. Stringham, Company D, Octo- ber 3, 1862; Henry Vanderhorst, Company A, December 19, 1864. Louden Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland — John G. Baker, Company I, October 16, 1862; Enoch Chapin, Company A, November 1, 1862; Oliver Harrington, Company G, June 15, 1862; Alvah Hunting, Company I, Sep- tember 19, 1862; John Nelson, Company G, November 14, 1862; Philip Stabler, Company B, October 24, 1862. Arlington Cemetery, Virginia — Henry J. Gifford, Companies G, A and E, died December 29, 1909. National Cemetery, IVinchestcr, Virginia — Michael Lighthalt, Company D, October 19, 1864; George Montgomery, Company C, October 19, 1864; New York Volunteers 89 John F. Wark, Company A, October 19, 1864; George Herman, Company C, October 19, 1864; Charles Smith, Company A, October 19, 1864; Henry D. Harding, Companies G and C; Robert Beatson Junior, Company C, Septem- ber 19, 1864; John Thies, Company I, August 21, 1864. Yorktozcn National Cemetery — Morley U. Freeman, Company G, April 30, 1862; James H. Carson, Company F, May 7, 1862; Milton Lewis, Company K, April 5, 1862; Samuel S. Jordan, Company F, June 18, 1862. Gettysburg National Cemetery — Nicholas E. Baquet, Company E, July 6, 1863. Battle Ground National Cemetery, District of Columbia — William H. Gil- lett, Company D, July 12, 1864. Richmond National Cemetery — Charles H. Hickmott, Company F, May 6, 1864. Culfepper National Cemetery — Horace R. Benson, Company K, December 2Z, 1863. United States National Cemetery, Cold Harbor, Virginia — Henry Boehn, Company B, June 5, 1864. Fredericksburg National Cemetery — Hugh A. Calderwood, Company A, May 6, 1864; Philip S. Moriarity, Company E, May 12, 1864; George Part- ridge, Company E, May 12, 1864; Amenzo Denmark, Company F, May 6, 1864; Henry C. Valentine, Company I, May 6, 1864; James S. Lyon, Com- pany G, May 5, 1864; Wesley B. Steele, Company H, May 16, 1863. Cypress Hills National Cemetery — Jeremiah Sheppard, Company K, June 9, 1862; Walter S. Hale, Company G, October 8, 1862; Nelson Harrington, Company K, October 26, 1862; Edward McQue, Company I, November 30, 1862; Willard L. Stanton, Company B, August 21, 1864; Theodore C. Wil- liams, Company H, July 8, 1862; George W. Culver, Company H, March 20, 1863. Philadelphia National Cemetery — Philip Lich, Company P., August 10, 1862; Arthur Newman, Company A, June 23, 1864; Job W. Chubbuck, Com- pany G, October IS, 1862; George W. Hill, Company K, November 16, 1862. Soldiers' Home National Cemetery, Washington, D. C. — James A. Baker, Company C, January 20, 1863; James Campbell, Company F, May 20, 1862; Simon W. French, Company I, May 31, 1863; Richard M. Gorsline, Com- pany G, March 12, 1862; John L. Horn, Company B, September 26, 1862; David J. Hotchkiss, Company G, October 23, 1862; Uriah Houghton, Com- pany A, June 18, 1862 ; Peter Kibley, Company E, October 8, 1862 ; Silas M. See, Company G, November 18, 1862; Charles Linnenbitz, Company B, Sep- tember 27, 1862; Charles McFarlane. Company C, June 29, 1863: Spencer Murdock, Company G, October 21, 1862; Daniel Olmstead, Company A, October 27, 1862; Samuel Parnwell, Company A, September 17, 1862; Charles Roder, Company D, May 31, 1863; John A. Ross, Company E, March 13, 1862; Henry E. Smith, Company G, September 13, 1862; Daniel Walker, Company D, August 9, 1863. Antietam National Cemetery, Sharpsburg, il/ary/and — Rudolph Giggley. Company F, September, 1862; Sylvester S. Haynes, Company G, November 90 History of the 49th Regiment 30, 1862 ; William Klein, Company I, December 16, 1862 ; Casper Leveck, Company B, January 15, 1863; Thomas J. Miles, Company G, September 17, 1862; Jonathan R. Button, Company G, September 17, 1862; Chauncey Price, Company K, November, 1862; Charles Sturdevant, Company K, Sep- tember 30, 1862; John Wagner, Company B, February IS, 1862. On October 19, 1914, twenty-two veterans of the 49th Regiment journeyed to Bufifalo, New York, to pay tribute to the memory of General Daniel Davidson Bidwell, it being the fiftieth anniversary of his death. The anniversary exercises were held in the conven- tion hall of the Hotel Statler, and were presided over by Norman R. Thompson of Jamestown, New York, the president of the 49th Veterans' Association. A large attendance was present of veterans, friends and admirers. Colonel George Holden Selkirk told of the " The Homecoming of the 49th Regiment in 1865." Miss Grace Carew Sheldon of Bufifalo gave " A Child's Remembrance of the Funeral of General Bidwell." Comrade Sumner A. Smith of Kennedy, New York, had for his subject, " Our Flag," and as he concluded by singing an old- time war song, " Long, Long Ago," the whole audience was deeply moved. Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvy of Warren, Pennsyl- vania, made a forceful speech, and then John D. Wells of Buffalo read two original poems, written especially for the occasion, " A Soldier's Grave," and " The Vanishing Troops." George D. Emer- son of Buffalo told of " When the 49th Regiment Went Away from Buffalo, and When It Came Back." The colors of the 49th Regiment were deposited with the Adju- tant General of the State of New York on October 5, 1865, and, with those of all the other New York regiments, are now on exhi- bition in the State Capitol at Albany, New York. One by one the veterans of the 49th Regiment, who helped to make history in the national crisis of the four years from 1861 to 1865, are passing to the Great Beyond, and soon they will all be gone, but the glorious record of the 49th Regiment will live as long as the American Republic survives. New York Volunteers 91 Chapter XI LARNED'S TRIBUTE TO GENERAL DANIEL DAVIDSON BIDWELL Address delivered at the dedication of a monument to his memory in Forest Lawn Cemetery, Buffalo, New York, October 19, 1871, by JosEPHus Nelson Larned SEVEN YEARS AGO TO-DAY the brave, good soldier, who lies at rest yonder, and whose name has been written upon this rec- ord of stone, flung his life into the scales in which the ran- som of the Republic was then being weighed. It does not seem so long ago to us, who remember, as tho the interval had been weeks instead of years, that sad and solemn day when the torn body of our dead friend and fellow citizen was borne back to us for burial. It does not seem so long ago, but the years slip from us as tho they were sand in our fingers, and, as treacherous as the sands, they sift and heap themselves so fast upon every precious or sacred memory that we may leave unshrined, that, before we know, the dreary waste of the forgotten past is swallow- ing it up. That is why this monument has been builded, near the grave of the good soldier who died seven years ago to-day ; who died on one of the battlefields of the last and decisive encounters of civiliza- tion with barbaric force, giving the blood of a noble heart to the great seal, of immortal and immutable validity, with which the charter of freedom was stamped at last. Even to us who knew him, vividly and tenderly cherished as our recollection of the man and of his heroic life and of his patriotic death is now — it is not impos- sible that the time might come, even to us, when the image of the one and the record of the other would have faded to indistinctness in our minds, if now and again they were not renewed by the see- ing of some impressive memento like this. And how far, at the best of it, thru the little remainder of our span of life would the recol- lection in which we shall keep them go toward the immortality of 92 History of the 49th Regiment remembrance that is due to those who died, as this man died, in the defending of a great cause? Unless we have tremendously mistaken all the meaning and consequence of events, the heritage of freedom and free government which they redeemed at the price of their lives is the heritage of the whole future of the human race — destined to pass from father to child with augmentation and accumulation, down to the last generation of mankind. Surely the succeeding heirs of so great an inheritance, of the precious capital- ization of patriotic blood, will not forgive us if we fail to preserve and transmit to them the names and the memory of the men to whom they owe it. Nor could we forgive ourselves, or respect our- selves, if we failed to keep their memory green and their names monumentally inscribed. A pious duty, alike to the dead, to the liv- ing and to the unborn millions who will come hereafter — a pious duty with which loving, reverent and grateful feelings coincide — impel the building of such memorial shafts. It would be pitiful to leave it so that there could ever be a time, while marble will last or granite endure, when our children's children, or a child of theirs, could approach this spot and not be hushed by the silent admonition of an ever lifted finger of stone, and told to whisper reverently the name of one of those who shielded the Republic with their bodies and took upon themselves the mortal blows with which trea- son tried to strike it down. All around us in this place there is more than a score of such graves: Wilcox, the Wilkesons, the Burts, Bullymore. Rudd, Faxon, Mulligan, Dewey, Ellis, Blatchford, Tuttle, Woltge, Hos- mer, Farnham, Wallace, Herriman. Richardson. Fero. Newell, Jus- tin, and many more are here, and I trust that the chisel which has begun its work, in this, will not rest until it has marked the burial place of every one — the General and the private soldier alike ; for the equality of a common martyrdom obliterates every gradation of rank in that high peerage to which they have all been raised. I have said that he who lies here was a brave, good soldier. He was more than that. The brave heart was as tender and true and honest as it was brave ; full of the conscience of duty, and there- fore full of that grandest patriotism of all, which grows not so much out of the pride of country, which the serf of any autocrat New York Volunteers 93 may feel, as out of faith in and hope for the institutions of free govemment, upon which this nation of United States is founded. In his case, as with so many others whose stuff was tried by the exigency of war, it was the good citizen that made the good soldier. When I say these things of him I am not using empty and at random the phrases of eulogy. I am declaring the testimony of all who best knew Daniel Davidson Bidwell, both before and after he entered the perilous path of duty which led to his death. We most of us knew him well in those peaceful days when he was with us here. Doubtless there are some now present who knew him from his boyhood up, for he was born, cradled and reared in Buf- falo. He was the son of Benjamin Bidwell, the pioneer shipbuilder of this port. His birth occurred in the then separate village of Black Rock in the year 1816. I do not propose to follow the details of his life, because I could not trace in them, if I did, the growth or shaping of the man, which is all that makes the details of such a life interesting. At the age when his profession was to be chosen he studied law in the ofifice of the late James Barton. For some reason, however, his pursuit of law at that period ended with the initiatory study and he never entered upon professional practice. I think it must have been more by circumstances than by preference that he was led for a time into mercantile life, for it is certain that his nature was not that of a man of business. He was careless of money and had no taste for the speculation or the thrifty trade by which it is accumulated. A few years passed in the employment of a firm in which his father and elder brother were partners, were followed by his election to the office of Justice of the Peace, and some years later he was called to a more important magistracy — that of Police Justice for the city, which he filled until the outbreak of the war. It is an office for which few men are fitted and his rare adap- tation to its trying and difficult duties became all the more marked. He was a just man by every instinct of his mental, as well as liis moral nature ; keen in his reading of men ; quick and seldom err- ing in the detective faculty of a shrewdly honest mind, which sifts the truth out of contradictions ; firm, with the firmness that is sin- ewy and human — not of flint ; stern and austere when occasion 94 History of the 49th Regiment needed, but always with a hidden kindness looking out of the kindly eyes. It seems to me that he was almost the model of a magistrate for such a court as the one in which he sat. My duties as a reporter of news at that time took me almost daily to his court, and it was there that I learned to feel toward him the affectionate respect which I am trying to express with sincerity to-day. From his earliest manhood he had been exceedingly fond of mili- tary exercises, and to that taste we owe the most important public services of his life — services which must be measured far back of those that he rendered on the actual field when war occurred. It is doing no injustice, I am sure, to others who labored with him in the good work, which so few people appreciated then or under- stood, to say that during twenty years prior to the war no man in this community did so much as he to cultivate, keep alive and make contagious the spirit of those mititia organizations, without which the national government in 1861 could have summoned nothing bet- ter than a mob to meet the first onset of the Southern rebellion. He trained himself first as private in the old 65th Regiment of the State Militia, then as a lieutenant, and afterwards as Brigade Inspector. On the death of Captain Burdett of Company D in the 65th, he was chosen to the captaincy of that company, which became thenceforward the central object of his thoughts and aspirations. He re-created it, infused it with his own soldierly enthusiasm and ardor, and made it what no company of citizen soldiery had ever been before. Presently he withdrew his company from the Sixty- fifth Regiment, re-organizing it as an independent corps, with a view of making it the nucleus of a new regimental organization. The new regiment soon grew into existence, and Captain Bidwell's Company D became part of what is now the 74th Regiment of the New York State National Guard. He was ofifered the colonelcy of the regiment, but refused it. The company into which he had drawn the best young manhood of Bufifalo had grown into his life and became part of himself. It was his pride, his pet, his military family, which he loved with fatherlike affection. And all the time I think he looked with serious forethought to the possible time of unexpected public need when this school of young soldiers, whom he was training up, might prove the usefulness of his work. I do not New York Volunteers 95 believe that his expenditure of time, and care, and interest, and money, upon what used to be sometimes laughed at as " amateur soldiering " — I do not believe that it was all amusement and play to him, but I do believe that he kept continually in his mind the recollection that sometime the country might have need of men who knew something of the discipline and art of action in arms together. That time came at last, and he was ready, and the men whom he had trained for it were ready. How many out of that old Com- pany D there were who answered the national summons I cannot state, but we know that they outnumbered the few who by any course, were held at home. The pupils and privates in that little school of amateur soldiering became teachers and leaders of the rude troops that were hastily made up for actual war, and the use- fulness of the training which had prepared them for such a service is more than any man can estimate. His place of duty was quickly found. During the summer of 1861 the 49th Regiment of New York Volunteers was enlisted and organized with Colonel Bidwell in command, and on the 16th of September, that year, he led it away to the seat of war. It reached the field when General McClellan was reorganizing the Army of the Potomac in front of Washington. Its redly written history for the four fateful years that followed is the sad and glorious history of that heroic army, a part of which it remained almost to the end. The battles and disasters of the Peninsular campaign from York- town to Malvern Hill ; the second defeat at Bull Run ; the costly victories at South Mountain and Antietam ; the bloody and terri- ble failures at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville ; the deadly but glorious conflict at Gettysburg, were among the fiery ordeals thru which it passed and by which its thinned ranks became hardened into a veteran line. At the very outset his men learned that their Colonel was one who cried "Come!" and showed the way. He never hesitated to expose himself to more than the dangers of his regiment, in order to exhibit an inspiring exauiple. His face was as calm, his bearing as cool, his mind as composed, his voice as steady when he rode along the line thru a storm of plunging shells or whistling bullets, as it used to be when he led some holiday parade. Of course there was confidence between commander and men in such a case — confidence and warm affection, too. 7 96 History of the 49th Regiment There came a time when that perfect disciphne of confiding obedi- ence to which Colonel Bidwell had trained his command, saved a whole army from disaster. It was one of the nights of those terri- ble days in the Wilderness, when Grant set out to hew his way to the rebel capital. The enemy had stolen a march into the rear of the Sixth Corps, which formed the right of the Union line. Our troops were surprised, confused and rolling up in appalling dis- order, until the rout reached the position which was occupied by the veteran 49th, and there it was stayed by the cool, calm courage of Colonel Bidwell. " His was the form," says a newspaper cor- respondent who wrote of the scene — " His was the form, on that portentous evening, that sat among the bullets upon his horse, in the language of General Sedgwick, ' like a man of iron ' coolly directing the movements which repulsed the enemy, gave us back the field and saved the whole army of the Potomac from disaster." Had Sedgwick lived, there can be no doubt that the " man of iron " would have dated his promotion to the rank of General from that portentous evening. But he was to wait a little longer for his well-earned " star " and to win it anew. In July, 1864, when Richmond had been reached and invested, the Sixth Corps was hastily detached and hurried to Washington, for the defence of the capital, then threatened by the demonstra- tions of Early, who had overwhelmed Hunter and Sigel and broken out of the Valley of the Shenandoah. It arrived just in time to confront the rebel advance at the outer line of the defences of the capital. Colonel Bidwell was then commanding the Third Brigade of the Second Division, and his Brigade was selected to drive the enemy back. A brilliant engagement followed — the well remembered battle of Fort Stevens — in which the troops under his command were alone engaged. It was fought under the eye of President Lincoln who had ridden out to witness the battle, and Colonel Bidwell's promotion was determined then and there. He had broken the rebel line, and their retreat from the front of Wash- ington followed speedily after. He received his commission as Brigadier General a month later at Charlestown, Virginia. The Sixth Corps had then joined the forces in the Shenandoah; Sheridan had assumed the command of the whole, and that won- New York Volunteers 97 derful campaign in the valley, which we think of with bounding pulse, even now, was just being opened. Its thrilling episodes fol- lowed in quick succession. Early and his swaggering army went whirling thru Winchester and staggering from Fisher's Hill ; Sheridan had pursued its shattered columns as far as Harrisonburg ; had devastated the whole region to make it incapable of subsisting a rebel force, and had fallen back to Cedar Creek to enter camp and give his exhausted soldiers rest. And now we approach the tragic, culminating scene in which our friend acted his last, heroic part, in the stormy dramas that are played this side of the grave. A few days had sufficed to bring reinforcements to the beaten rebel army and measurably recon- struct its broken organization. Maddened by the humiliation of his defeats. Early had crept back to the vicinity of the Union camp on Cedar Creek and watched for an opportunity to snatch revenge. The Sixth Corps had been ordered back to the Richmond front. Early learned the fact ; but the order had been instantly counter- manded and that he did not learn. Sheridan had gone to Wash- ington, and Early had been informed of it, but his spies did not tell him that the journey had been made at flying speed and that Sheridan, on his return, was already only twenty miles away, sleep- ing that night at Winchester. And so he planned a surprise attack upon the Union army for the early morning of the 19th of Octo- ber. A thick fog settled in the valley and helped his design. Silently, in the gray dawn of the morning, the three divisions which he had massed for the attack, stripped of every accoutrement except their ammunition and their arms, stole thru the fog and thru the shadow of a wooded hill, across the intervening creek, and dashed with terrifying yells upon the works of the sleeping troops at the left of the Union line. The surprise was complete. There was little chance for rallying in the foggy darkness, under the deadly fire which the yelling assailants poured in as they advanced. The Eighth Corps, which held the left of the line, was sent flying from its intrenchments, only to encounter another division of the enemy, which had reached its flank by a circuitous route. Large numbers of prisoners were taken in the well drawn net, and the 98 History of the 49th Regiment whole left wing of Sheridan's army on Cedar Creek was practically cleared from the field within an hour. The Nineteenth Corps, which occupied the center of the line, with the Sixth Corps on its right, was now left exposed to the enemy, who closed hotly in upon its flank, while Early, at the same time, pressed it with his remaining forces in front, and the artillery of the enemy, together with the guns that they had captured, were tearing its ranks with shell. It was more than flesh and blood could bear. The corps wavered. The divi- sion of its left gave way. The flanking columns of the enemy were steadily making headway toward the retreating trains of the army on the turnpike toward Middletown. The situation was ominous of a terrible disaster and Sheridan was twenty miles away. Everything depended now upon the old Sixth Corps, which had saved so many a field. It was swung from its position on the right, into a line facing the left attack of the enemy, and took its ground near the summit of a slight bare ridge, across which the shells from the rebel batteries came plowing thickly. Twice the enemy charged its line and were driven back after a desperate encounter, hand to hand. Then the men were ordered to lie down upon the slope. General Bidwell sat erect upon his horse, a few paces behind his prostrate brigade, as cool as tho the storm of fire and death was not playing around him. Colonel Selkirk, of his stafif, sat near. A shell had dropped and exploded among the men a little distance down the line, and they both were intently looking to see what fatal work it had done. At that instant he was struck down. A passing shell had torn his left shoulder away and hurled him, unconscious, to the ground. The lightning could not have been swifter or more noiseless in its stroke. His companion heard noth- ing but one moan, and turned to find the General stretched upon the earth. His riderless horse stood still, as tho it had not felt the emptying of its saddle. Tender hands raised up the mutilated and insensible form and bore it back to a hospital in the rear. The dying soldier revived after a time from his swoon, and the surgeons told him that he had not long to live. He said calmly that he had expected that it was so, and l)egan with composure to prepare for his parting with earthly things. His grief at the prospect of death seemed to be New York Volunteers 99 not for himself, but for his wife. Among the first of his thoughts was to ask that a little colored boy — one of the homeless waifs of the war — who had been his servant for some time, should be sent to Buffalo, and committed to the care of his family and friends. The few directions that he had to leave were briefly given, for he was in mortal agony from the first. But his mind was steadily cleai except in the short intervals when strong opiates gave him sleep. And thus he lay thru the slow hours of nearly half of a day wait- ing for the gates of the other life to open. And while he lingered there, out at the front, the tide of dis- aster which had borne him down was being rolled back, by a pow- erful hand, in a mighty wave of overwhelming victory. Sheridan had come with his electric presence and the resistless force of his indomitable will, and had saved the day. And, so haply, there shone around the bed of the dying soldier, before he died the glories of a surpassing triumph for the cause which he had loved better than his life. The last that he is remembered to have said to the one who stood by him to the end were : '' I have tried to do my duty." The thought of duty was his last, I am sure, because it had been the thought of his life. He did it always as men do who try. I do not know what legend has been inscribed upon these monu- mental stones, but I hope that the chisel has written the simple, touching and true words of his own dying testimony, that " He tried to do his duty." 100 History of the 49th Regiment THE HOME-COMING OF THE 49th REGIMENT IN 1865 Address of Colonel George Holden Selkirk at the Memorial Services for General Daniel Davidson Bidwell held in Buffalo, New York, October 19, 1914. Over fifty years ago a number of boys were adopted into a branch of the Bidwell Family and the few of us who are left feel that we are entitled to a share of the honors and glory that are enjoyed by the family as a whole. The head of the family to which we belonged was a man for whom we had the greatest respect, and we came to look up to him as children to a father, and when he was taken away we mourned his loss as children mourn the loss of a parent. On Saturday I received a copy of the program of exercises at this gathering — this program was sent by Miss Grace Carew Sheldon, who is the guardian angel of the veterans hereabouts, and who seems desirous of keeping them in view as long as they last. In the list, the subject given to me to speak upon was '' The Home- coming of the 49tli Regiment in 1865." I have not had time to look up dates or any particular details of that trip. On leaving the cars at the station on Exchange Street, we marched up Main Street, escorted by the 74th Regiment. I remem- ber that we did not present a very stylish appearance — some of the men wearing the regular army cap, others slouch hats, and I am not certain that there were not straw hats to be seen. But we were coming home. We marched to Fort Porter, whence we had started four years previous. In one of the buildings on the grounds we found a gathering of ladies and gentlemen who had come there to welcome us, and who had prepared a very liberal repast, which, after having listened to a few remarks, we did justice to. I had intended to say only a few words, and those in regard to General Ridwell's indifference to self in times of excitement and danger. His last words were — " Tell them " — meaning his family and friends at home — " Tell them I have tried to do my duty." On leaving the vicinity of Washington in the spring of 1862 we were taken down to Fortress Monroe and started on a march for Richmond. There was some interference on the part of the New York Volunteers 101 enemy, but finally we got fairly started for the goal. On coming to within four or five hours walk of Richmond, we halted, went into camp, and dug a rifle pit a few yards in front. It seems that quite a heavy line had been drawn by the enemy between us and the City of Richmond, and the commanding general apparently thought it best to wait awhile before trying to go any farther. We were occasionally treated to a fire of shells from the other side. One evening while we were discussing our rations for supper an order came to " fall in," which was done promptly. As a strong attack had been made on the right of our line, it was apparent that we were to be sent over in that direction, and just as the regiment was about starting to march, there was a shower of shells scat- tered over us, and the word was given " back to the rifle pits." We were under the heaviest fire we had experienced up to that time, and obeying this last order with unusual alacrity, we took to the rifle pits and made ourselves as small as possible. The storm kept up for awhile, but during it all the Colonel walked leisurely back and forth, from one end of the regiment to the other, seemingly as cool as he would be on a drill room floor, and perfectly indifferent to the danger to which he was exposed. After the Battle of Fort Stevens, in front of Washington, where the Colonel had command of the brigade which made the charge on the enemy, and where he made sure of the star of a brigadier gen- eral, we followed General Early into Virginia, and at one time, went into camp near Charlestown, where John Brown was exe- cuted. One morning we were surprised by sudden firing on our front. General Bidwell mounted his horse, his staff following him. We rode thru a strip of woods, a few yards in front of which was a rifle pit, and beyond a broad field. It appeared that a section of one of our batteries, and one belonging to the enemy, were engaged in an artillery duel. Following the lead of General Bidwell, we rode up to our guns while shells from the other side were coming towards us very lively. Of course our party added very much to the size of the target, and I confess. that I feU somewhat relieved when General Bidwell turned his horse and rode off in the other direction; but after going a short distance, he agjain turned and rode back to the battery. This program was repeated three or 102 History of the 49th Regiment four times, until the artillerymen appeared to get tired and quit. At the time General Bidwell was killed at the Battle of Cedar Creek he was close to his line of battle, where the enemy had a very accurate range for their artillery. It was always the same where the men under his command were engaged. He seemed to consider it his duty to be on that part of the line where the fire was the hottest. General Bidwell was one of a number of regimental, brigade and division commanders in the Sixth Corps who contributed very largely to the reputation of that corps for reliability — men who could be depended upon to do the right thing, even when no superior officer was at hand to give orders. General Bidwell, at one time in the Wilderness, received from General Sedgwick, commander of the Sixth Corps, the title of " The Man of Iron." The following two poems were written by John D. Wells of Buffalo, New York, and read by him at the memorial services for General Daniel Davidson Bidwell, on October 19, 1914: A SOLDIER'S GRAVE They laid him away in the orchard; that's all that we'll ever know; That's all that his comrades told us an' I'm kind o* glad it's so — I'm glad that we don't remember the battle an' wound an' pain, But only the grave in the orchard grass That waves in the blossom rain. " We laid him away in the orchard " was all that his comrades said : Nor gives us that lief to sorrow or mourn for our soldier dead, But only the pain of partin', the thoughts of his far off mound, An' him with his hands crossed — thataway — An' the Old Flag wrapped around. They laid him away in the orchard; that's mebbe the reason why I like to set in the gloamin' in the orchard here an' try To picture him a-sleepin' in the orchard there, the sound Of drums an' bugles an' war fergot, An' the pink bloom all around. That's why, when it's Decoration an' the vets tromp up an' down, I ruther stay with feelin's an' never go off to town — To dream of the place he's sleepin', the grave 'neath the flowered limb, Where every day that the blossons fall, It's Memorial Day for him ! New York Volunteers 103 THE VANISHING TROOPS '* Reveille ! " From out the deep, gray mists of other days You come again, your tattered flags upraise ; No roll of drums, no scream of martial fife, No glint of arms, no hint of hate or strife, No hissing shell, no boom of hostile gun. But only peace, the peace your victory won. " Fall In ! " Form slowly now, and not as once you did When war's alarms beset you and forbid The lagging step! But let the drum beat slow. With less of vim than in the Long Ago; For sturdy limbs, that bore you thru the fray, Are tremulous with weight of years to-day. " Eyes Front ! " Those dimming eyes that saw the battle smokes Of countless fields — that roved from red Fair Oaks To war's grim end, and saw the woe and pain, The sacrifice of suffering and slain In Freedom's cause! Nor chide the tears that well As all comes back thru Memory's magic spell. "Roll Call!" Most sad of all that e'en the brave must die! So many called and yet so few reply! So many lost from noble ranks that fought. So many names of comrades long forgot! And yet — who knows? — perhaps they hover near In spirit form and softly answer " Here ! " " Break Ranks ! " You go from us, and vanish one by one, Your faith kept true and all your service donel And as you go to take your honored posts With comrades there of gray and blue-clad hosts. You take our love and trust that ever will God's blessing rests upon you! Soldiers still 1 104 History of the 49th Regiment Chapter XII SERGEANT ALEXANDER H. McKELVY'S REPORT OF HIS CAP- TURE BY THE CONFEDERATES, SEPTEMBER 17, 1863 AFTER THE Battle OF GETTYSBURG General Meade moved the Army of the Potomac to the Rappahannock River, and the Sixth Corps lay at Golden Church, near Warrenton, Vir- ginia, till September 15th, when the first of the " forward and back" movements was put into history. We slept at Sulphur Springs that night and on the morning of the 16th crossed the river by pontoon bridge, the Third Corps leading the march, and about sundown went into camp near Stonehouse Mountain, not far from Culpepper Court House, and before we could '' build coffee " four companies of my regiment, 49th New York Volunteers, were ordered to go on picket, my company, K, being one of the number and altho I had one full year yet to serve that was my last picket with the old army, but I knew it not. We marched and countermarched and floundered thru cornfields and woods until about midnight when the line was finally established, but alas ! for the wisdom of our officers, it was a badly botched job as the story will unfold. I think the post of which I as sergeant had charge, consisting of five men, was the extreme left wing of the corps picket line, because no guards were beyond us, so our flank was " in the air " and we in an exposed position. However, we were not disturbed in the night, for Lee's army upon Meade's approach had fallen back on the Rapidan. Not knowing that we had reached the end of our journey and expecting to march in the morning, we boys were up betimes, ate our fireless breakfast, then drew the charges from our guns and cleaned them out in good shape. Shortly after daylight our Major, William Ellis, came cantering gaily along the woods road, which was romantic enough for a lovers' walk had not its beauty and silence been invaded by " grim visaged war," and halted at our post. " Sergeant," he said in his hoarse voice. " we find that there is a gap of some two miles between the picket line of the Third and New York Volunteers 105 Sixth Corps which was open all night. I am going out to correct the lines, my objective point is Hudson's Mills, and I wish you to take another man with you, see that your guns are well loaded, follow me at the double-quick and if you hear any firing, hasten to my assistance." And then he cantered away from us, disappearing in the Virginia forest, and I never set eyes on the " Kanuck" major again. I requested Nick Wagner, a Company D boy, to accompany me, and leaving our well- furnished knapsacks and dog tents lying on the ground in charge of the remaining three men, we shouldered our muskets and turned our faces towards the wilderness under orders to follow and support the officer of the day beyond the lines toward the enemy. As for me, I never saw my traps, comrades or regiment again. Major Ellis joined our regiment at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York, when it was filling up, then called the Second Buffalo, the 21st New York Volunteers, under Colonel Rogers, having preceded it to the front. This was a two years regiment and was mustered out in 1863. But the 49th Regiment was not mustered out until the end of the war. I do not know whether Major Ellis raised any men or not, but there was a camp rumor afloat among the men that he had taken some sort of leave from one of Her Majesty's rifle regiments in Canada in order to see service in the war between the states. He was second lieutenant in Company E, commanded by Captain Reuben E. Heacock. Later he was promoted to captain of Com- pany C, and in December, 1862, he was promoted major of the regiment. It was his great delight to break loose from the monoton- ous round of camp life and go on a scouting trip beyond the lines in pursuit of adventure and pleasure, for it was rumored that he was not averse to the charms of the fair sex. He was always well mounted and on this occasion he rode a powerful black horse, fleet of foot, and able to extricate his dare devil master from any diffi- culty he might plunge into. We boys at the outset were so eager to obey orders that we did not stop to see that our guns were well loaded, but while on the dog-trot in order to save time we loaded, and thereby made a serious mistake, for had we loaded with the regulation cartridges, powder and ball, the result in my case would have been far dift"erent, as you shall see before I finish this tale. We used what was called 106 History of the 49th Regiment by the boys the " beeswax " cartridge, which required no biting to break the package, but they were not sure to explode as we found to our great sorrow that day. Now we knew no more concerning the locality of Hudson's Mills than we did of Heaven, but we followed the tracks of the major's horse for a short distance till we came to a small branch where the trail was split, one part crossing the stream and the other continued up the left bank, and, having lost the horse tracks, crossed the creek and trotted along in those beautiful woods until we debouched on a forest road, striking it at a right angle. Here we noticed with some considerable surprise that the road was cut up by a body of horse which had but recently passed, as the tracks were freshly cut in the damp soil. Which way now to Hudson's Mills, and had the major encountered this " critter com- pany " of Stuart's cavalry ? And if so, who came out best ? All these points were duly canvassed with my little Dutch comrade, then we went to the right-hand on a hazard. Soon we emerged from the forest into the bright sunlight of a warm Septem- ber day, and the sun felt hot to two innocent boys who had been making a fast march in an earnest endeavor to keep pace with a fast horse ridden by a reckless rider. Here was an opening of a few acres in the pines, and we saw the road pass into a small valley, cross the branch and ascend a small hill, on the summit of which it disappeared into a gloomy forest. It was about eleven o'clock when we stopped near the stream and turned into the bushes to gather some tempting looking thimble berries, for we were hungry after our rapid change of base, and when was it ever known that boys could pass a berry patch without levying a toll ? Then with our guns at right shoulder shift we pushed up the slope and soon came abreast of an old log bam, from which came sounds of grinding and low voices of men. Now wild thoughts ran thru our minds whether the grinding was on the peaceful scythe or the warlike saber, and gruesome tales of bush- whackers came surging under our army hats. Just then we spied a small lad perched on a gate post and as his eyes bugged out at the sight of the blue-coated Yanks, we concluded we were pioneers in that wild section, for there was not a dwelling in sight. New York Volunteers 107 I plied the young Johnny with questions thus, " Sonny, have you seen a Yankee on a black horse with a saber on the saddle pass here this morning? " " No." " Have any men on horses passed? " "Yes." "Which way were they going?" "That way," pointing to a pine-crowned hill. Then the vital qustion last. " Johnny, what was the color of the soldiers' clothes? " " Oh, gray! " " I thought so," said I, and " Now, Nick, I think we will find it to our interest to retrace our steps." So we went back quite rapidly until we reached the junction of the roads and this time we took the other end of it, and traveled east with hope in our breasts. " And now for the Mills and the major, for we're all right now." Soon we left the woods and came in sight of a charming landscape, and " Can it be? Yes, Nick, there's a mill pond; the Mills at last; didn't I tell you?" Down the road we trudged at a good gait and soon came up against a stone fence which stood in front of a row of cottages where the road turned square to the right. We noticed some women in the door yards, and they were dividing their attention between us and something absorbing away to their left, where the road made an upward turn after crossing below the dam, and evidently they were nervous. I stepped up to the garden wall and made an inquiry of a woman with regard to the missing major, but she had not seen him and I asked no more questions, but now the entire colony, white and black, women and children, but not a man in sight, seemed to be in the open air, and much interested in the advance of the Yankees. As we were attracting much attention we moved on, and as we were going up a narrow lane I saw, just ahead on my left, a low house behind which was a black horse tied, and a saber on the saddle. " Look, Nick, there is the major's horse, and he is in tlie house buzzing with the women as usual." " Oh, we're surely right this time." Were we? As we moved confidently up that lane to join Ellis and report our arrival, we saw an unusual commotion behind the low cabin, for just then there dashed out a fellow on a horse, and out of the heel of my eye I saw two other " butternuts " mounted and going like " Jehu " in the opposite direction, well down over their horses' necks as if they feared a volley. 108 History of the 49th Regiment Well, this did not look much like finding the major, but it did take on an air of business, with signs of something doing in " Old Virginny." " Mr. Johnny " was seated on a low black broncho short of limb, and as the rider had the appearance of being six feet two or three inches in height, his feet nearly touched the ground as he advanced to the combat. I repressed a desire to laugh at his ludicrous figure, for well I knew this encounter would result in something more than a line of comedy before the curtain was rung down on the last act. His face was sallow, his hair long, his dress was of the usual shade, about the color of a ploughed field ; but the gentleman from " Nawth Cahlina, suh," was " heeled '' — no allusion to " tar " — in a scandal- ously munificent manner, for he had a carbine, saber and six- barrelled pistol. I had a Springfield musket with one shot and that a " patent fraud." As he bravely dashed out from cover he gave us the usual current salutation, "Halt, you Yankee!" We obeyed orders by halting and bringing our guns to the shoulder, and then I replied in the usual manner, " Halt yourself and see how you like it." And then the fight was on in earnest. Like one the three weapons sounded, but no report, as they all failed to explode the cap, and now all he had to do was to pull, if his pistol was a self-cocking one, and another barel was ready for business, while I had to bring my piece from the aim to my side, pull back the hammer, remove the defective cap, open a cap box at belt, extract, place and press down on nipple a fresh cap, then aim. I worked fast with Libby Prison yawning for me and was just raising the depressed muzzle of the gim, when bang went his pistol and something had struck my left leg below the knee, and it was powerless and paralyzed up to my body in one second of time. I felt myself falling, the impact of the ball against the bone forcing me nearly one-half way around, but 1 made up my mind that I would not fall prone in the dirt if I could prevent it, so by a quick movement I brought my gun around and thrust it in the ground and thus supported I managed to arrest my fall. As 1 had but one leg left to stand on, with the aid of my piece I twisted around and again faced my friend in gray. And now I had to balance on my good right leg and at the same time bring my gun to bear on him, and thus swaying to the right >» c cd a s o b 3 O JG S '<« ^ >^ /!-< CO > . ^ £ E s O New York Volunteers 109 and to the left, i tinally pulled the trigger and she cracked. When the smoke lifted 1 saw his little horse whirling around like a dog ready to lie down, and my thought was that 1 missed him and struck the animal, but the next moment that hope was dispelled, for out of the top of the tree under which we had halted, there came trickling down a small shower of leaves, showing that my bullet had gone wide of the mark. And just then he having been reinforced by another Johnny, who had remained behind the house to bridle his horse, a lengthy operation, came charging down on us with carbine in place and saber drawn. Not wishing in my helpless state to be ridden into the dust I dropped my gun, threw up my hands and said: " We surrender." Mr. Puckett, for that was his name, rode his horse nearly on me, with his saber raised over my head, said, " Hand up that ar gun," which with much difficulty I did. Then, " Hand up that cartridge box," and then, " Have you ary side arms?" Then grow- ing nervous and wrathy he said, " Be lively now, as I suspect there's a lot of you'uns out here and I ain't going to be captured if I know it." I assured him we were the only two we knew of, except our major who could not be found. Then a great noise rose near us and we saw the other horseman trying to persuade Nick with his saber to surrender to the Confederacy and notwithstanding some ornate swearing and threats that were awful, Nick stood like the Rock of Gibralter, strongly intrenched behind a little thombush in the ditch, with two cartridges in his gun — for it had failed the second time — and his gun in position of charge bayonet with the bayonet in its scabbard. I said, " Nick, give up your gun. we've got to cave," and then he quit his resistance, the battle was over and the South had won. Then Puckett broke out again and ordered me to turn about and double-quick back to the first house as he feared capture by our men, and when for obvious reasons I hesitated, he said with an oath, " Pve a good mind to split you down," and at the same time making a demonstration with his saber. Then I got mad at such inhuman treatment and blazed out at him with, " Split and be hanged to you, I can't double-quick as I am wounded." At this he softened and said, " I did not know I hit you." " Yes," I said. 110 History of the 49th Regiment " I have a bullet in the leg." " Well get back to the house the best you can and I'll get a boss to take you to camp." So I called Nick and throwing my left arm over his shoulders I used him for a crutch and thus supported hopped on my good leg back to where we saw the women. My army brogan was full of blood and it spurting at every step. Things began to turn blue, then black, and just as I reached some steps at the stone wall I saw a pail containing water and a tin cup, and I had the sense and spunk to scoop up a pint of that cold water drawn from the bottom of a deep well, and drink for my life. Oh ! the " nectar of the gods " could not be mentioned in the same day with that sparkling, life-giving water, and it saved me from the humiliation of a tip over before all those Johnnies. Then my captor, wishing to tie up the wound and stop the flow of blood, asked for my handkerchief. I thrust my hand within my blouse, but it was gone and I recalled that when I unbuckled my belt it must have slipped down in the road; but the kind woman who had provided the water now brought out some cloths in obedience to the request of Puckett, one of which he tied above the bullet hole as a torniquet to shut off the flow of blood. Next he asked one of the farmers to bring out a horse, and when the farmer mumbled something, Puckett said, " Pll not ask you again," placing his hand on his pistol, so a saddle horse was brought. I was helped into the saddle, the small horseman took the lead, I went next, Nick walked behind my horse and Puckett brought up the rear. We went back over the road, past the berry patch and the log barn, and when we reached the crest of the pine hill, Puckett said to me, " Our regiment camped here this morning and are now on their way to the river." So when we two innocents were at the log cabin we were within one-fourth of a mile of a regiment of Confederate cavalry, and we barely missed a squadron of them fall- ing back from a scouting trip to join the regiment then about to march. Puckett sent word ahead to halt the regiment as he had some Yankee prisoners, one of whom was wounded, and as we were climbing a long hill Puckett remarked, " Sergeant, just turn your boss and look back." I saw about two miles in our rear a city of tents on the side of the mountain. "You know who them soldiers is?" "No," I New York Volunteers 111 answered him. " Them's SedgAvick's men." And as I g-azed on the camp of the old Sixth Corps on Stonehouse Mountain for the last time, my eves filled with tears, for I had a brother and many good comrades there, and I was being carried away from them perhaps never to see them more. My heart was heavy and sad, but I soon saw something that brightened me up a bit. and as you will never guess what it is, I will tell you. Puckett said, " Why there's the major." Well, I jumped in the saddle for, I thought, the lost major at last, and a prisoner too, but it was the major of the 2d North Carolina Cavalry whom I now beheld and not Bill Ellis. Let me trj' to describe that gentleman. He sat on his steed on a high bank at the roadside, evidently awaiting our approach. He was dressed from his drooping plume to his silver spurs in as fine a United States uniform as I ever saw on any officer, not excepting a general. He was a handsome man, probably a West Pointer, and on his head he wore a United States army hat, looped up at one side with a fine metal ornament, and a long black plume which drooped over one shoulder, a fine blue uniform coat with brass buttons, azure blue trousers, gold-corded at the seams, a great blue cape overcoat reaching well below the knees, long thigh boots, well polished, with spurs at heels, long gauntlet riding gloves, fine belt, etc., and his horse, a beautiful animal, was splendidly caparisoned. As we rode up and saluted he doffed his hat and returned the salute, as if I had been General Sedgwick, and remarked, " Good morning, Sergeant. I am sorry to learn that you are wounded, but such is the fortune of war. I have sent word to detain an ambulance for you to ride in, and we will take good care of you." " Good morning-." And then he cantered gracefully away to his troops and we followed at a walk. Shortly we came up where they were halted in the narrow road, one file in the left ditch and the other in the right, the buttocks of the horses being very close together, and as we threaded our way thru that narrow lane of men and animals, my poor swollen and inflamed leg got many a shock, and to add to my discomfort those men made abusive and insulting remarks as I ran the gauntlet, and they said to Puckett, 8 112 History of the 49th Regiment "Why didn't you kill the Yank?" *' I'd never took the trouble to bring that thing in." And similar brotherly remarks. Said Puckett, sotto voce, as we crowded thru the ranks, " Don't mind them, they don't bite." But I wondered why I was assailed by regular soldiers, for we expected and generally received fairly good treatment from them in contrast to that received from guerillas and bushwackers. On inquiry I learned that the fact of my shooting at Puckett after he had wounded me had gone ahead of me, and it appeared the act was regarded as a sort of crime that could not be overlooked by those rude fellows, hence the impromptu reception accorded me. At the head of the regiment I was placed in the " avalanch " as it was called, which was an old canvas covered market wagon, hauled by a span of mules and driven by a black man. It contained a general assort- ment of articles from cornstalks for the mules to a skillet for frying meat. Also a pet woodchuck and a sick nigger, for society, I presume, on the march. The wretched trails over which we passed were called roads by courtesy and good only in spots, and when we came to a " branch " it generally was at the bottom of a deep gully with steep sides both ways, and when descending everything in the wagon would avalanch to the front end, and pulling up the slope everything would swoop back to the tail board, forward and back at each branch, and it served to vary the prison life, in a measure. My recollection is that we camped one night in the wilderness, and the cavalrymen and their horses were living ofif the cornfields as they had no rations of any description. On the last day's journey we stopped at a farm house, and I was told I could get a good dinner there, and being very hungry after two days' fasting, I did ample justice to the fine meal they brought to the wagon, which included chicken, green corn and many other good things, cooked by some fine old colored mammy, I " reckon," and I paid a dollar for the feast. A smart shower fell while I was dining table de bote, de wagon, which laid the dust on the road, and that evening we joined Jeb Stuart's cavalry division and camped in a fine grove at Liberty Mills on the Rapidan, where I spent my second night with the Confederates. The sudden advance of the Army of the Potomac New York Volunteers 113 had caused General Lee to place his forces along the banks of the river, and I saw them building rifle pits when I crossed the river. I had a good supper including fresh beef, and then slept between my two captors. The next morning Puckett asked permission of his captain to deliver me at Orange Court House, so I was mounted once more and we forded the river, which was very low. We saw many Southern soldiers working on the defences preparing for a possible attack. Soon we left the river behind us, and as we were climbing a long hill we were overtaken by a party of horsemen, whom we took to be from Richmond, some of them perhaps, con- nected with the Confederate government. They were all well dressed, wearing tall light fur hats with black bands, and seemed to be of an inquisitive turn of mind. One of them took a warm interest in the Yankee prisoner for he rode by my side for a con- siderable distance and was very friendly. Evidently he thought he had struck a mine of information from Union sources, in the sinooth faced Northern lad, but I am inclined to think the information he received did not materially afifect the subsequent conduct of the war. He greeted me courteously and after an allusion to my misfortune, he opened his question battery on me with great spirit. *' Eh, by the way, what part of the army do you belong to, soldier? " and " Ah, yes. now about how many men are there in the Potomac army?" "Really, I don't know." "Well, you say you belong to the Sixth Corps, can you tell me how many men Sedg- wick has?" "No, sir, I could not." "You have no idea of the strength of your own corps, even," in a somewhat sarcastic manner. " I am not in a position to know the number of fighting men as I am not in the Adjutant General's Department." " Ah. yes, I see," and then abruptly. "What is Meade out here for at this time?" " Really, I could not say as I am not in the counsels of the com- mander, being but a common soldier in the ranks." He apologized in a weak way ; then they spurred up the hill and left us. The fellow tried to pump me and I turned agnostic, and while I knew the strength of my corps, and approximately the strength of the armv, I did not propose to furnish any information for the JefT Davis gang at Richmond. By this time we were nearing Orange Court House and the first building we saw was a schoolhouse which stood on sloping ground. 114 History of the 49th Regiment and the playground was leveled up and held in place by high stone walls which, at that time were covered by young schoolboys who gave us a warm and hilarious reception as we rode past. "Hey, Yank, whar you uns gwine?" " Gwine to Richmond hain't ye?" "How ju like it fars you gone?" and other choice bits of fine English, We came to the town pump in the middle of the street, and the fever in my wound gave me a mighty thirst so Puckett gave me a big cupful of cold water which put new life in me. He turned me over to the authorities, and I took leave of my captor whom I had come to like as a comrade, altho we had a few days before tried hard to kill each other. That was characteristic of rank and file, for they became friends and fellow soldiers. Puckett told me in a conversation previous to this, that when his pistol snapped he held it on my breast, but as we boys showed a pretty brave front he resolved he would not kill me, but would " wing " me and put me out of service. He was a North Carolina mountaineer, and that he could ride and shoot I had conclusive evi- dence for he shot me in the leg with a pistol while sitting on his pony at a distance of say, the length of a town square in Warren, which is four hundred and sixty-six feet. He also told me he had carried " that ar gun for two years " and had never known it to miss " afore " and added he was mighty glad it missed. He let me handle the weapon and I noted it was English, Carr's patent, and the cartridge was also English, Eley's patent, and the pistol was a " six shooter " and about the same size and caliber as our Colt's navy revolver. If he was glad he had missed killing me, I was no less glad of that fact and I told him we were both fortunate and glad over the skirmish, for he said my minnie ball was a very close one to his ear. Query. If he could get mc in the leg, as he did, what show of escape had I with his pistol bearing on my breast, and if with but one leg to stand on I gave him a close call, what chance would he have had if my gun had not failed? It must have been that our unworthy lives were spared by One greater than any mere army commander. William Raoull Puckett, Company B, 2d North Carolina Cavalry, was a brave soldier in a mistaken cause, for altho he was but one New York Volunteers 115 of four on that picket post, one of whom was a sergeant, he rode out alone and faced us without hesitation. He and I swapped pocket knives, greenbacks, bluebacks, and per- haps graybacks, who knows, and I presented him with my silver Greek cross from the front of my army hat which he admired and asked questions about, and so the blue and the gray of the North and South. Pennsylvania and North Carolina, met, fought and parted, never again to meet in this world. I was placed in an empty building, a common board structure facing the main street, as if it might have been built for a store and as it contained nothing but a pile of clean straw, I was not embarrassed with the care of fine furniture. There was a guard at the only door of the place to prevent my escape and attack on the rear of Lee's army, my meals were brought in and placed on the floor near my pile of straw which I occupied all the time as I could not move about the room. Once I head the jingling of accoutrements made by a body of horsemen, and I called out, "Guard, who are those men passing?" "General Lee and his stafif on their way to the front." How I regretted that I had not five minutes notice of their approach, for I would have crawled across that rough floor to the door to have a look at Robert Lee and his stafif. The one night I slept there was a sharp Septem- ber one, and as I was thinly clad I felt the cold keenly as I burrowed deeper in my straw couch. I w^as visited here by a Confederate surgeon who probed my leg for the ball, and this was done by army surgeons from where I joined the cavalry all the way to Richmond, and I may add that none of them located the bullet that maimed me for life. On the second evening I was placed in a fine ambulance car on the train for Richmond, with a few other prisoners, and on arriving at the Confederate capital about eleven p. m. I was removed and placed in another old '' avalanch " then over the col)blestone pave- ments thru a fog that might have been cut in chunks and sold for ice, to the magnificent Hotel de Libby, where I was put up for a week. I was carried in on a stretcher and placed on a cot, and made as comfortable as circumstances would permit. Our nurses were able bodied Union soldiers detailed for that purpose, and they were kind 116 History of the 49th Regiment and faithful and showed much interest in our care. The old place was full of vermin, the beds were literally black with body lice, and every morning the floor was mopped and flooded to try and drown the brutes. The food supplied was not well suited to the appetite of a wounded man, who was very feverish. It consisted of good wheat loaf bread, a soup made of meat and rice, with stewed dried peaches sadly in need of a worm specific, for dessert. I rather think I might have starved but for the advent of a dear matronly black mammie, who came in the hospital every day with a wooden bucket on her turbaned head with new fresh buttermilk churned, she said, by her young mistress in the city. As I was a farmer boy and very fond of buttermilk, I gladly bought this delight- ful food beverage and paid fifty cents a quart, Confederate money, of which I had a fair supply, as I had exchanged with Puckett at a ratio of twenty to one. Breaking the bread in the milk I fared sumptuously, and the milk was very cooling and soothing to my feverish blood and nerves. One morning a lot of doctors came in to look me over and get the bullet out of my leg, and among the young army surgeons was an old citizen doctor of the city whom I learned was always brought in when they had a particularly difficult case of Yankee carving on the board. Well, they went at me with a full case of " carpenter " tools, and they were in a shamefully dull condition, and no anes- thetics to give me, so I may say I had a very bad half hour. They made an incision thru the bullet hole some five or six inches in length, then the old butcher inserted three fingers and explored to the right and then reversed and fingered to the left, evidently think- ing the Ijall had gone l)etween the bones of the leg. 1 think if I had had a silver dollar between my teeth during that torture. I could easily have changed it into quarter dollars, but I didn't break down before those Johnnies and I was thankful for that. Two days later the boss carver came back and tackled the other side of my leg and laid open the calf to the bone as if he had thought the l)all had passed thru or around the bone. This operation did not hurt quite so much, and I was getting so I rather enjoyed it by this time, but I did not forget the sensation New York Volunteers 117 caused by those dull knives on the rolling nuiscles of the calf, as he forced his way by main strength to the bone. I was told by our boys that the old doctor was making a collection of Yankee relics, so I imagine he was disappointed when he did not find the ball. One night the welcome news came floating in that a flag of truce boat had arrived at City Point, and an exchange of prisoners of war would be made ; and we all felt gay at the prospect of " Johnny marching home," but alas ! for our hopes, for 1 was told that I was too badly wounded to be sent to our lines, and a captain with a thigh amputation was to be left with me, both to be eaten up of vermin and the dreaded gangrene, if we remained in that pest house long, not to speak of possible death resulting from our serious wounds. So I lay the victim of dark despair as I thought 1 could see my finish far from home and friends, but just as the last man had been carried out at about two p. m. in rushed our nurses saying " The orders are that every man must go and the hospital cleaned out." " Hooray for us," I cried and I felt like getting up and dancing on one leg. Well, the boys got the poor, almost unconscious, captain ready, and fished out and pulled on to me the bloody blue trousers, put on blouse and hat, picked me up and out again into the James River fog, into the old market wagon once more, the mules were whipped up and and it was goodbye Libby to the tune of " The Girl I Left Behind Me." I saw Libby just thirty years later in Chicago at the Columbian Exposition, walked all over it with my family and picked out as nearly as I could the spot where my cot had stood, and it was between the picture of Grant and Sherman as they hung on the wall of the old tobacco warehouse. Over the cobblestones to the station where we were placed in box cattle cars, 1 was laid softly on the floor, and away towards liberty down thru Petersburg to City Point, and as I was carried on a stretcher from car to l)oat, I caught a glimpse of " Old Glory " floating from the flag staff of the steamer where it lay below the bluiT, and the sight was so delicious that my eyes were filled with tears of genuine joy and gladness. I have forgotten to say that I never saw Nick Wagner after we joined the cavalry, but he was taken to Richmond and placed on 118 History of the 49th Regiment Belle Isle and later exchanged and it was some twenty-five to thirty years before I set eyes on him again at a Reunion of the old regi- ment at Jamestown, New York. When he was captured he was a smooth faced young fellow, and I had to pierce the disguise of a full beard and dark hair, but I soon had him by the hand and was intro- duced to his wife, who accompanied him from Cleveland, where he now lives surrounded by his family. I was carried below on the boat and placed on a clean cot, then was given a good meal of such food as I could eat and digest; the surgeons looked me over, and we steamed down the James past scenes of former campaigns, 'Harrison's Landing, Yorktown, New- port News, Hampton, Fortress Monroe, and up the historic Potomac, until we tied up at the wharf at Annapolis, Maryland. Here we were carried into the grounds of the Naval Academy which had been given over to be one vast general hospital, and a most delightful spot it was in which to nurse the boys back to health and strength for further service. /\11 of our wounded were placed in large tents with board floors, and all others in the brick buildings. I was given a delicious bath, clothed in a red flannel shirt donated by the Sanitary Commission, and then settled in a clean cot bed, and I was in Paradise. As there was a ship load of us dumped on the hospital people the excitement among the staf¥, nurses and helpers was something great, but in a few hours order was restored and we settled down for many months of a long drawn out convalescence in the hands of our good and Ijountiful Uncle Samuel. New York Volunteers 119 Chapter XIII AN AMUSING INCIDENT IN CAMP LIFE By Sherman Williams, of New York City WHILE THE 49th Regiment was at Camp Griffin in Fair- fax County, Virginia, an amusing incident occurred, showing the quick wit of Private Richard Greenman of Company G. When in camp, it was always the duty of any of the sentinels on guard around camp first noticing the approach of a general of the army, usually accompanied by one or more of his staff, to at once send notice to regimental headquarters so the squad on duty there would have time to form in line and be ready to properly salute the general on his arrival. Of course the sentinels could not leave their posts to carry the notice to headquarters. This, then, was the method of sending notice. If, to illustrate. General McClellan and staff were seen approaching the camp, the sentinel first observing him would cry out "Turn out the guard! General McClellan and staff." The sentinel next towards headquarters would take up the cry, pass it on to the next and he to the next and so on until the notice reached headquarters. Now the amusing incident. One night a corporal with twelve or fifteen men set out to relieve the same number of sentinels stationed around the camp. As the corporal and the squad approached, Dick Greenman, who was one of the men on post that night, called out " Halt! Who goes there?" Just then the corporal stubbed his sore toe, and instead of reply- ing " Friend with the countersign." he blurted out " Jesus Christ." Quick as flash came back from Dick: "Turn out the guard! Christ and the twelve Apostles." 120 History of the 49th Regiment PERSONAL REMINISCENCES OF THE WAR By Sergeant Hiram P. Thompson, San Diego, California In the winter and spring of 1861 I was receiving the finishing touches of a farmer's education in Western New York. Among my companions and schoohnates was my cousin two years my senior, a fine looking, dressy fellow, an athlete and perfect specimen of manhood, and always ready at a moment's notice for an encounter with anything of his age in the country. In fact he travelled some- what on his muscle, and boasted of his pugilistic qualities, and we classmates looked upon him as the John L. Sullivan of that time, and those who contested his authority admitted it. As there were rumors of war we knew if war came he would be one of the first to go to the front and make short work of the rebellion, but we learned afterwards that pugilists do not make the bravest soldiers, and he was no exception, for he was soon out of service. We little thought at the close of the winter's session that we would soon be in the service of Uncle Sam, but in July, 1861, meeting my cousin in Lockport, New York, where they were recruiting for the service, I challenged him to enlist. We could no longer restrain our enthusiasm, and enrolled our names that day with Captain Charles H. Moss, who had been educated at West Point, and was then raising a company, which afterwards became Company H in the 49th New York X'olunteers. At the time we joined we looked over the material composing the company and came to the con- clusion that if the captain knew his business when the selection for non-commissioned oi^cers was made, that we would receive nothing less than sergeantcies. We remained in Buffalo, New York, a short time, and were finally and formally mustered into the service August 19, 1861. During the time we were in camp in Buffalo the position of orderly sergeant was filled by Charley Murphy, as he was familiarly called by the boys. He had been in the three months service under McClellan. and we looked upon him with admiration, and to us he was an ideal soldier. We all learned to love him for his many good qualities of head and heart. A genial soul, whose sweet voice after- ward helped to pass the long and weary days of camp life in song and story. In fact, all recognized that he was the best equipped for New York Volunteers 121 the position of orderly sergeant. Inasmuch as he performed the duties we concluded the captain had selected him for that position. Nothing unusual transpired on the route from Buffalo to New York. We remained there a sufficient length of time to receive our arms, when we proceeded to Washington and in a few days crossed the Chain Bridge into Virginia, where we were soon engaged in building one of the forts for the defense of Washington ( Fort Ethan Allen). Up to this time no non-commissioned officers had been appointed, the captain detailing those who acted in that capacity, from, time to time, as occasion required. But all things have an end, and our suspense in the direction indicated was set at rest early after our arrival in V'irginia. The captain, undoubtedly endeavor- ing to get the best men he could for non-commissioned officers, and my cousin and myself helping him all we could, there was no doubt that we were of the chosen few. Alas ! when the appointments were made, we were both doomed to disappointment. My cousin was made eighth corporal or brevet private, and I was made a full private, knapsack number 47. At this time our knapsacks were numbered one to one hundred, the tallest, or number one, upon the right of the company, and the shortest, number one hundred, upon the left. I suppose the idea was to enable us by number to identify our tents, as many of the boys had crowded them with mementoes from home so that they resembled young houses, when astride a man's shoulders, and they felt like it after carrying them for two or three hours. Upon our dismissal after dress parade on the evening the promo- tions were made, a council of war was held by the kickers and Murphy's friends, who instead of being made orderly, as all antici-- pated, was made fourth sergeant. The indignation of those present knew no bounds, and resulting in their visiting the captain's quar- ters and demanding that Murphy be made orderly sergeant, pre- senting their reasons therefor. Captain Moss listened patiently and attentively, and in his usual dignified and gentlemanly manner informed us that we were soldiers now. nuistcrcd into the service of the United States, subject to the rules and articles of war, and that we were now guilty of mutiny. He then read from the articles of war the penalties of our crime, and in a stern voice commanded 122 History o£ the 49th Regiment us to disperse to our quarters, and that a repetition of this would cause him to have us all arrested and confined in the guard house and tried by court martial. He further impressed upon us the fact that he was the commander of the company, responsible for his acts, as well as the discipline of his men, and that he would officiate in the capacity the Governor of the State had placed him, until relieved, without a suggestion from us as to whom he should select for his non-commissioned officers. It is needless to say that the language of the captain impressed us with one idea at least, and that was that we were play soldiers no longer, but soldiers in earnest and that the captain was on the job. My friend Murphy then resolved himself into a committee of one to devise ways and means by which he might get out of the service honorably, and thus resent the indignation heaped upon him. His father was a prominent politician and highly respected citizen, and collector of revenue for his district, a most estimable man in every respect. Charley wrote him all the details of his trouble and urged him to proceed to Washington at once and secure, thru President Lincoln, a discharge from Company H, 49th New York Volun- teers. Having perfect faith in his father's ability and influence to accomplish the desired result, he called a few intimate friends into his confidence and unfolded his plans to get even with the captain. Both the captain and Charley were from Lockport, New York, where Charley had always been a great favorite with the boys and girls. Upon our departure from our home, he had been the recipient of many tokens of friendship and love, many of which became useful in camp to us boys who were fortunate enough to enjoy Charley's confidence. So positive was he of his father's suc- cess in the matter that he distributed these relics with a lavish hand. But man is doomed to disappointment. In a short time his father informed him that he could not secure his discharge as Captain Moss had presented his side of the case to the authorities. What fun the boys had at Charley's expense, when the result became generally known in camp. But Charley bore the guying good naturedly. He was as brave and reliable a soldier as if he had been a true and loyal citizen discharged for wounds. He had an honor- able record, and was terribly wounded, in the last battle of the war. New York Volunteers 123 which crippled him for life, while serving as orderly sergeant in the 2d Infantry Rifles, commanded by Colonel Wood. At the Battle of Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1862, we were in line of battle, in the rear of the troops that were engaged, and the wounded were being carried thru our lines, which all must know is a trying ordeal for new soldiers to stand. The blanched faces and peculiar sensation in the neck told plainly how the boys felt; but Charley soon raised a laugh by making the statement, as they bore the bleeding boys off the field: " Boys, I would just as soon be killed as not, but my wife loves her husband so." We all knew he had no wife. It can be imagined how ludicrous it seemed, and many of the blanched faces wreathed in smiles at the stale joke. At the commencement of the war the Government was particular that the applicant for military honors should be twenty-one years of age, or obtain the consent of the parents or guardians. Being but nineteen my parents objected to my being a target, and it was neces- sary for me to bridge over the little period of two years by a stretch of the imagination, and hence myself became the authority as to qualifications. It is needless for me to say to you that know the hardships we endured how many times I regretted that paternal authority could not assert itself after I was in the field. My only fear, however, at the outset, was that the war would be over before I should have the opportunity to participate. Let me assure you, friends, that before the four years of which I was a soldier rolled around, I had abandoned my original idea and prayed many times that it woul^ close, and that mighty soon, as it was becoming decidedly dangerous ; the boys on the other side were careless when shooting. Emotions hitherto unknown filled our hearts, after reaching the sacred soil of Virginia. We were soldiers, wearing for the first time the army blue, and perhaps soon to be called out to meet in deadly strife an enemy whose prestige for valor was already well established. Were we to return to our friends from whom we had just parted, bearing the chaplet of victory, or were we to find a last resting place on some field in the South, never again to meet those we loved? When four years had passed and those doubts were solved, of the thousand or more who went forth in all the buoyancy of youth, but a few hundred returned. Not all killed in battle ; many are emaciated skeletons suffering a lingering death ; 124 History of the 49th Regiment some sleep beneath the tall pines at Yorktown, Virginia ; and the bright azalia casts its purple blossoms over the graves of the many who lie in the swamps of the Chickahominy. The Antietam mur- murs a requiem to those who rest on its banks ; and green is the turf above the noble ones who fell gloriously at Fredericksburg. Some rest amid the wild tangles of the Wilderness and upon the arid plain of Cold Harbor. The marble monument at Fort Stevens tells the names of many who gave their lives in defense of the national capital ; while the covers of cracker boxes tell where repose many in the Valley of the Shenandoah and before Petersburg. A little band with bronzed faces and weary hearts returned home, where their glorious and unspotted records had preceded them. They needed no song of victory or band to herald their coming and desired no greater marks of honor than the badge of the grand old Sixth Corps and the bullet riddled flag told too plainly where the missing were from the 49th New York Volunteers. Fortunately, the regiment to which I belonged did not reach the scene of action till after the masterly advance of our troops upon Washington after the first Manassas or Bull Run engagement. Arriving at the national capital early in September we crossed the Chain Bridge into Virginia and assisted in the construction of the forts and defences of the national capital. And here we had prac- tical illustrations daily of the petty tyranny of several commissioned officers of the command, whom political influence had clothed with brief authority and who were unfitted by nature or education for the positions they were temporarily filling. This class all resigned after the first fight. And it was my experience that the officer who was a terror to his men usually injured the enemy but little. In alluding to the officers, in justice to many of the good ones in the regiment, I must say that the petty tyrants were largely in the minority. Among our officers were the two captains, Marsh of Company K and Drake of Company G, the former one of the most profane men I ever heard, the latter one of the most consistent Christians. Captain Drake was constantly upbraiding his brother officer for his profanity, when the latter said to him one day : " Captain Drake, you and I resemble each other very much. You pray a great deal, and I swear a great New York Volunteers 125 deal, but God knows neither of us mean anything by it." The pro- fane captain resigned early in the War, the Christian one was pro- moted to colonel of the 112th New York Volunteers, and gave up his life at the Battle of Cold Harbor. An officer who used his men kindly and performed his duty upon the field of battle won admira- tion, love and respect, and no duty was considered too arduous for his men to do for him. No commander in the army was more beloved by his men than Colonel Bidwell, and long after he became a general, the men of the 49th Regiment still spoke of him as " Our Colonel." Our regiment participated in all the principal engagements that the Army of the Potomac were in, and belonged to the old Sixth Corps from its formation till the close of the war. On the 6th of Novem- ber, 1863, our company was detailed as provost guard of the Second Division, Sixth Corps, and remained such guard until December 5, 1864, when I was reduced to the ranks for being absent without permission, and ordered to report to my regiment for duty. I con- gratulated myself many times since that my existence to-day is owing to the fact that I was on detached service for thirteen months. Brief as my services were as the non-commissioned officer in charge of the provost guard, many incidents transpired that are so indelibly fixed in my mind that I must relate some of them. Many pleasant recollections cluster around the old camp at Brandy Station, Virginia, during the winter of 1863-4, which can never be effaced from the memories of the old soldiers of the Army of the Potomac. But amid the pleasant memories of that time, there comes to me an incident that is so indelibly impressed upon my mind that its unpleasant memories force themselves upon me in spite of my desire to forget them. On December 5, 1863, the provost guard of the Second Division, Sixth Corps, was called upon to execute two men for desertion. At this time we had seventeen men in cus- tody for the same crime. Both belonged to the Vermont Brigade and had been in the custody of the guard, of which I was the non- commissioned officer in charge, a sufficient length of time for me to become well acquainted with them. On the morning of December 5th, Major Brazee, the provost marshal, called me to his tent and requested me to detail two platoons of ten men each to execute the 126 History of the 49th Regiment prisoners, and to do so at once, and march them to his quarters, when he would give further instructions regarding their duty. The order was comphed with, and after the instructions had been given they were ordered to stack arms and proceed to quarters. I was requested, with Sergeant Otis B. Hayes, to remain, when he would give us the details of our duties as non-commissioned officers in charge of the respective platoons. He first told us to load nineteen of the guns, leaving one blank, and to restack them, capping all. He then informed us that in the event of the men failing to do their duty, that we would be obliged to carry the sentence into execution ourselves. One of the deserters would be shot by my men, and the other deserter by the men under charge of Sergeant Hayes. Then my hair began to stand on end, and it was a serious question in my own mind whether I would have the moral courage to perform the duty assigned me should it become necessary. That problem still remains unsolved. It was a beautiful winter day in Virginia. The sky was clear and the sun rose brightly when the ambulance containing the rough wooden coffins was driven to the tents where the victims were under guard. Each prisoner took his seat upon his coffin and the retinue proceeded to the place of execution, where the division was formed in a hollow square to witness the sad affair. It was a scene full of awe, never to be forgotten by those who took part. All seemed to feel the solemn presence of death. When the coffins were taken from the ambulance they were placed at the head of the newly made graves, the prisoners standing in front. One of them attempted to be jovial, and called my attention to the fact that there was nothing to lie upon, that I should have put some shavings or something of that sort in, as it was a hard nest. But no applause greeted his remark, and it seemed to react on him with solemn force. When the Assistant Adjutant General of the division finished reading the find- ings of the court martial, they were ordered to kneel on their coffins and face the firing party. One of the men had exhibited the utmost fearlessness all thru the proceedings, and appeared to be the least concerned of any one present. Oh, how I dreaded to see such a game man shot! When the order was given, "Ready," to the provost guard, he clapped his hand over his heart and said : " Boys, New York Volunteers 127 shoot me there, make no mistake." I shall never forget this par- ticular minute. I think I lived an age in less time than it takes me to tell it, and for the first and only time in my life I wanted to see a man killed outright without the possibility of that duty devolv- ing upon me. At the command ' 'Fire " I was oblivious to the world ; but the man I was to shoot fell forward upon his face, and death was instantaneous. When I saw the holes the bullets had torn thru the back of his coat, in the vicinity of his heart, it seemed an awful responsibility had been lifted from me, and how fervently I thanked God that my men had done their duty well, and saved me the disgrace and perhaps failure to do mine. Sergeant Hayes was not so fortunate. The man he was to shoot jumped from his coffin, falling on his face, and with uplifted eyes exclaimed : " Oh my God, my God.'' It appeared as tho Sergeant Hayes would have to finish him. Poor fellow, as I looked upon my right down the line, his face bore the most unmistakable sign of his feelings, but the poor felow who was shot struggled a moment more and died, tho many present heard his moanings. Fortunately, how- ever, the commands of the officers in moving the troops who marched past the remains drowned his cries to some extent. While at White Oak Church, Virginia, just prior to the Battle of Fredericksburg, a tragedy not down on the program occurred at the time of which I am writing. I was orderly sergeant of the company and disease had been so busy in our ranks that the regi- ment was reduced in numbers to such an extent that picket duty came every second day, hence, the boys were on duty most of the time. Among the members of the company were two that seemed to be more than ordinarily affectionate to one another and were inseparable companions, true mates and invariably together. One was named Stewart and the other Boyle. A day or two prior to the unhappy event I am about to relate took place, they both came to my tent, addressing me and inquiring whether or not they could make their wills, one in favor of the other? I answered in the affirmative and wished to know why they desired to do so. Their answer was that they had no knowledge of any living relative, and it was possible that one might be killed and the other survive, and. in that event they desired that the one surviving should have whatever the deceased might have on his person at the time, and 9 128 History of the 49th Regiment his arrears of pay. I proceeded with them to the tent of Captain Brazee, an attorney, who commanded the company, and made known their request. The document was drawn up by the captain as requested, and I signed the same as witness, and we returned to quarters. The following day I detailed them both for picket duty. Stewart was company cook and protested. We were then picketing near Acquia Creek, Virginia, in a piece of woods. Stewart, an inveterate joker and wag, never enjoyed himself so well as when he had played a joke upon his comrades, and wishing to have his friend Boyle among the victims, had conceived the idea that when Boyle was on duty in the woods in the dark, he would get outside of the line, make some demonstrations that would scare his chum and make him think the Confederate army was upon him. He did so, Boyle calling for help, and discharging his gun at the same moment. All occasion for alarm immediately ceased, and the officer of the picket line. Lieutenant Borcherdt, procuring a light, soon found the cause of the difficulty. Poor Stewart lay cold in death, his friend, Boyle, having killed him, his being the only gun discharged, and, in the dark, simply pointing it in the direction from whence the noise came. Upon being informed of what he had done, he fainted away, and soon lost his reason. The shooting of his friend was too much of a shock for his nerves. And thus thru the foolishness of a brave soldier, the company lost the services of two of its members. And general orders were issued commending Boyle for what he had done. Upon my return to the regiment, the colonel promoted me to sergeant, and I was detailed to instruct recruits in the manual of arms, in which I was proficient. Having become weary of the dis- gustingly small list of the fatalities among commissioned officers of the company, I despaired of ever becoming one in my own regiment, and went before the examining board at Washington, presided over by General Silas Casey, and passed the examination for the grade of first lieutenant. T was assigned to a colored regi- ment in South Carolina, which position I declined to accept, the colonel assuring me that I should have the first vacancy in my own regiment. Those of you who visited Washington during the war will recall the fact that the city was literally run over with New York Volunteers 129 soldiers, hence anyone wearing less than a star of a brigadier was scarcely worthy of recognition. But how conditions change sentiment ; and once, at least, even a private soldier was welcome at Washington. The Sixth Corps had been transferred from Petersburg to assist in preventing General Early from establishing his headquarters at the National Capitol. As we landed at the foot of Sixth street. President Lincoln stood on the wharf chatting familiarly with the veterans as we formed in line and marched out Seventh street to Fort Stevens. The citizens accorded us a royal welcome, dirty as we were, exclaiming, " It is the old Sixth Corps, the danger is now over ! " Washington an hour before was in a panic ; now as the people saw the veterans marching thru the streets, wearing the Greek cross, the excitement subsided and confidence was restored. As we went out Seventh street to meet the enemy in mortal combat, we were followed by an immense throng. President Lincohi and many distinguished citizens stood upon the parapet of Fort Stevens when Colonel Bidwell led the Third Brigade out to do battle with Early's hosts. One out of every four who went into the fight never returned, having either been killed or wounded. My next visit to Washington was in May, 1865, when the victorious armies of the Union marched in grand review thru its streets, under the scorching rays of one of the hottest days known at the capital, and when scores of our men fell from sunstroke and exhaustion, fainting and reeling before the stand of the reviewers. Recently I visited the city of Washington. Time had wrought most wonderful changes. My first desire, after a resfreshing night's sleep, was to visit the battlefield of July 12, 1864. There is a morbid curiosity in the breasts of most soldiers of the war to visit battle- fields whenever the opportunity offers, which is unexplainable. Engaging a horse and buggy I started out Seventh street to find Fort Stevens, the scene of the conflict that had occurred fifty years before, when the Confederates nearly captured the National Capital. They would have done so but for the fact that the troops under the command of General Early were so confident after their brilliant and successful raid thru Pennsylvania that they encamped for the night in front of the defences of Washington, at that time defended 130 History of the 49th Regiment by clerks from the departments and by untrained men. This delay proved fatal to the Confederate leader and enabled the Sixth Corps to meet them. Fort Stevens in 1864 was some distance outside of the city limits, as were the defences all around the city. I had no doubt when 1 started to look for the spot that I would have any difficulty in locating- the fort. But, to my surprise, I found nearly all traces gone and the city extended to and beyond the place. It is only noticeable by some earth thrown up, which in these peaceful times would indi- cate excavations for a building. Few people whom I met in driving to the place could tell me where the battle was fought, and had never heard of it. An old soldier might well feel like Rip Van Winkle in the play. Are we so soon forgotten when we are gone? A stone church now stands upon the enclosure of the fort, and wending my way along the street my attention was called to some earth thrown up and, noticing some plasterers at work in the rear, I inquired of them if this was not Fort Stevens. They answered in the negative. I saw some eighty rods farther, the stars and stripes waving and reaching the point found it to be the National Cemetery, where repose the remains of those of our boys who fell in the defence of the National Capital. I was directed by the superintendent of the cemetery to return to the church I had passed and I would stand where I had stood so many years ago. When the fight was in progress, 1 had been stationed with about one hundred and twenty men, deployed in the rear of the line of battle, with orders to permit no citizen to go to the front nor soldiers to the rear, while the attack was being made by our soldiers. While posting some of my men on the right of Seventh street, the guards on the streets called me to them. As I reached the thorofare I noticed several carriages. In the front I saw President Lincoln and Secretary of War Stanton, neither of whom I knew personally, but had noticed Mr. Lincoln and his little son. Tad, the evening before when we landed at Sixth street, from City Point, Virginia. And there could be no mistaking that face. As I approached him with a military salute he inquired what mv orders were? I informed him that my instructions were to let no citizen to the front without a pass from the Secretary of New York Volunteers 131 War. He informed me that he was President Lincoln and that the Secretary of War was his companion. I told him that I did not question that, but that I must have written authority to protect myself, or I could not permit him to pass. Mr. Stanton, while this conversation was going on, was writing, and calling me to him, he handed me a piece of paper upon which was written: " Guards and patrols, Pass President Lincoln. Secretary of War, and suite, to the front. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War." Does the world that knows nothing of the art of war think what makes generals ? "Tis the valor of the private soldier upon the field of battle. Most of the great armies of the world consisted of soldiers that were hirelings. Nearly all of ours were eager volun- teers, of intelligence, of moral as well as physical courage. With the private soldier patriotism was a passion, the want of it a crime. It was the private soldiers that marched like heroes and gods into the jaws of death for their country's flag. It was only a piece of bunting they left home for, but it was precious to the boys in front. It was very holy to their eyes. It seemed only a rag, a combination of colors, but it meant an ideal, a principle, to the soldiers of the army. These were the men, who in the anny's vicissitudes, in all the changes of commanders, when marshalled by joy or crushed by defeat and despair, stood staunch and true to their flag. ALL QUIET ALONG THE POTOMAC By Etheluina Eliot Beers " All quiet along the Potomac," they say, "Except, now and then, a stray picket Is shot, as he walks on his beat to and fro. By a rifleman hid in the thicket." 'Tis nothing — a private or two now and then Will not count in the news of the battle; Not an officer lost — only one of the men Moaning out, all alone, the death rattle. All quiet along the Potomac to-night, Where the soldiers lay peacefully dreaming; Their tents, in the rays of the clear autumn moon, Or the light of a watch-fire, are gleaming. 132 History of the 49th Regiment A tremulous sigh of the gentle night wind Thru the forest leaves softly is creeping, While the stars above, with their glistening eyes, Keep guard, for the army is sleeping. There's only the sound of the lone sentry's tread. As he tramps from the rock to the fountain. And thinks of the two in a low trundle bed, Far away in the cot on the mountain. His musket falls slack ; his face, dark and grim, Grows gentle with memories tender As he mutters a prayer for the children asleep — For their mother ; may heaven defend her ! The moon seems to shine just as brightly as then. That night when the love yet unspoken Leaped up to his lips — when the low murmured vows Were pledged to be ever unbroken. Then, drawing his sleeve roughly over his eyes, He dashes off tears that are welling. And gathers his gun closer up to its place, As if to keep down the heart-swelling. He passes the fountain, the blasted pine tree, The footstep is lagging and weary; Yet onward he goes thru the broad belt of light, Toward the shade of the forest so dreary. Hark ! Was it the wind that rustled the leaves — Was it moonlight so wondrously flashing — It looked like a rifle — " Ha ! Mary, good-by ! " The red life blood is ebbing and plashing. All quiet along the Potomac to-night, Not a sound save the rush of the river ; While soft falls the dew on the face of the dead — The picket's off duty forever! New York Volunteers 133 Chapter XIV A TYPICAL FORAGING EXPEDITION By Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvy, of Warren, Pennsylvania IN October, 1863, while the 49th New York Volunteers were encamped near Stonehouse Mountain, some half dozen of the boys went out beyond the lines to do a little foraging ; and thereby add to their commissary stores as well as see the country and have a bit of adventure, and they got both " grub " and adven- ture, as the story will unfold. The little party was made up of some few from three companies of the regiment, and they took but one or two muskets and a small supply of ammunition to defend them- selves in case of an attack by guerillas who usually infested the outskirts of the Union army. After proceeding some four miles from camp they came to a prosperous looking farm upon which was situated a good farm house and the usual out-buildings, and upon going to the house they found it to be occupied by some fine looking Southern ladies, but no man appeared to welcome them. The " Yankee " soldiers, upon a close inspection of the premises, discovered the farmstead had not been disturbed by the soldiers of either side, therefore there were plenty of good things to eat and drink, which tickle the appetite ; and they soon got busy in rounding up the products of this particular Virginia farm. And while they were in the house up stairs and down cellar and in and about the outhouses, collecting chickens, hams, honey, milk, cream and bread; a bell on the ridge pole of the house, used to call the men to dinner, was in some mysterious way rung, and soon the boys discovered that the bell had invited a party of guerillas to take a hand in the exercises of the day then being held at the house. Those fellows were a party of Mosby's men, who had been con- cealed with their horses in a bushy ravine in the rear of the barn, and as they moved forward to gobble up the " Yanks," they were 134 History of the 49th Regiment opposed by those gentlemen, who promptly formed in battle array to defend their persons and plunder. One bluecoat who was either at the barn or was acting as a vidette while his comrades despoiled the Egyptians, was wounded by a shot while separated from his comrades, but who, by means of that one musket, covered him until he could be brought in, and then loaded down with their spoil and hampered by their wounded friend, they made a slow and orderly retreat back to camp, which in due time they reached without further casualty. The next day they were called to account, and as they had been absent from duty without leave, they were duly tried by a field court martial, found guilty in manner and form as indicted, and fined three dollars apiece. And just where or what became of those fines, your chronicler deposes not, and that subject will always remain a mystery to the end of time, we suppose. A few weeks after this event the Sixth Corps went into winter camp at Brandy Station, and it may be noted in passing, that during the Revolutionary War, there was fought the Battle of Brandywine, and so was fought in the spring of 1864 the great cavalry fight at Brandy Station. Two companies of our regiment were detailed to guard head- quarters wagons which were sent out to capture and collect lumber to build winter quarters. Among the men detailed on this duty were the heroes of the fight at the farm, and they led the train to the same farm house, where they made their second call on the ladies, then coolly proceeded to help themselves to more provisions, not forgetting to lay in a good supply of blankets, bed quilts and the like, all of which came in good play during that hard winter in camp at Brandy Station, Virginia. New York Volunteers 135 A PERSONAL INTERVIEW WITH PRESIDENT LINCOLN By Major Fred C. Barger, of New York City In May, 1864, I was an inspector on the staff of General William Hayes, in New York City. I had lost my right hand in the Battle of Fredericksburg, in December, 1862, and as soon as I was able to leave the hospital in Washington, was assigned to this position, in which I had served a year and a half, including the period of the draft and riots in July, 1863. My three years of service were about to expire and my friends at home asked me if I would like the position of Postmaster in my native town of Westfield, New York, to which I replied that I would be very glad to have it. In a short time I received a letter from Honorable Reuben Eaton Fenton (who represented the district in Congress, and who was later twice Governor of the State of New York, and also United States Senator), asking me to meet him in Washington. Upon my arrival there he said: "I want to take you to the White House and introduce you to the President." We found a large assemblage waiting for admittance, but Con- gressman Fenton's relations with Mr. Lincoln were very intimate, and his card opened the way for us at once. On introducing me he said : " Mr. President, this is one of my boys, who left his right hand at Fredericksburg, and our friends in Westfield would like to have him appointed Postmaster there." The great man gave us his entire attention, as tho he had plenty of leisure, and entered into a friendly conversation, asking me about my service in the army, etc., and said he would be glad to make the appointment. I then said : " I suppose, Mr. President, that I shall have to resign my commission ! " to which he replied instantly : " Oh, no ! don't do that. A good many officers are resigning for a good many reasons, and it is no particular credit to a man to have resigned from the army at this time. I will direct the Secretary of War to issue a special order, discharging you from the army, on account of disability from wounds received in action. That will look a great deal better in your record." I had thought only of obtaining an honorable discharge, and his quick appreciation of the situation and thoughtfulness of the effect 136 History of the 49th Regiment on my personal record, at a time when he was overwhelmed with the affairs of the nation affected me deeply. The most desirable discharge for a solider is " on account of wounds received in action," and while I had considered resig-ning, I had not thought of what would appear in my record in the War Department. I shall never forget how his face lighted up, and his kindly smile, when he took the matter out of my hands and settled it for me. At that moment his entire thoughts were of my welfare. I had him all to myself, and it was the proudest moment of my life. I had seen him on the Peninsula, and in Maryland and Virginia, when he visited the Army of the Potomac, and had saluted him with my sword when passing in review before him, but did not suppose I would ever have the honor of a personal interview with him. My commission as Postmaster, bearing his signature, which I received soon after his interview, is among my most cherished possessions. STORY OF A ROAST PIG By Sergeant Sumner A. Smith, of Kennedy, New York General Sedgwick, with the gallant Sixth Corps, had crossed the Rappahannock below Fredericksburg, captured Marye's Heights, moved to Salem Church, and keeping the right of General Lee's army more than busy, while he was anxiously waiting, watching and listening for the sound of Hooker's guns. We laid on our arms all night. Just before daylight. Colonel Bidwell gave the order, " Attention, 49th, forward, double-quick ! " After a race of two miles we were deployed as skirmishers on the crest of Marye's Heights. Here we could hear the moving cannons, rattle of arms, and the command of officers in our front, and we knew the chances were the devil would be to pay as soon as dawn appeared. We had not long to wait. The growing light and spit- spat of the bullets from a house directly in our front told the story, not to speak of the enemy in line of battle, which could be discerned beyond. There wasn't many of them, a brigade or so, but enough to make things lively for us. as we were only a skirmish line without support. New York Volunteers 137 General Neill and staff were along, and just opposite our com- pany — a bullet striking uncomfortably near — the general turned to Captain Terry and said, " Captain, send a sergeant with five men down to that house and drive those men away." Now, I make no pretense to extraordinary bravery. If I could serve my country just as well behind a tree, as in front of it, I lost no time getting behind it. While my bump of inquisitiveness is reasonably large, I have also one of caution, and no one can say they ever saw me stick my head over the breastworks just to see if I could dodge the bullet that was sure to follow. I remember at Cold Harbor we had a comrade who was chock full of that kind of business. We kept saying, " Keep down, John, you'll get hit ! " but he paid no attention and soon paid the penalty. Company G at this time was blest with three sergeants, Sperry, Thompson and the writer. Sperry and Thompson were pretty fly and seldom gave one a chance to get the best of them, but Captain Terry was standing near, and, seizing the opportunity, I said, "Captain, let me go!" "All right," said he, "take the first five men to the right," who proved to be Bill Mulkie, A. D. Harris, Ira K. Button, Ab Miller and Jim Sherman. We had a council of war, and reasoned that it wouldn't do to go straight to the house, as the occupants would surely see us, and if we didn't get a dose of cold lead, they would undoubtedly make things uncomfortable for us, so we decided to make a flank move- ment to the left and strike a small ravine, which led up to the house. " Boys, be careful and keep your shirts on, and maybe you'll get those fellows," said Captain Terry as we were about to be off. Now, ordinarily, such a piece of advice and caution would have been all right but with us " old vets," who, in the interest of good sanitary conditions and peace and tranquility of mind, had been fighting the lively graybacks with our shirts off, for upwards of two years with the very best of reasons, the question arose why shouldn't we pull them off now, if the occasion demanded. But it was ours to obey, and with another injunction from Captain Terry to mind our P's and Q's, away we sallied. Someone said that if we could get thru there without being seen it would be a surprise party. Now, I have heard it asserted that our friends the enemy were gentlemen of more than ordinary sensi- 138 History of the 49th Regiment bilities. That they were very particular regarding the rules of etiquet, especially of those of receiving and making calls, but the young man dressed in gray with a gun in his hand, who answered the knock at the door, accepted the situation with a grace that was commendable, and calling his comrades, who were upstairs, to " Come down for there were a lot of Yanks," handing over his musket with celerity and dispatch, without as much as saying "By your leave, sir!" "By jocks, that's my gun!" said Ira as he took the gun, and sure enough there were his initials carved on the stock. So Ira, in making a new acquaintance, had recovered his trusty musket, which he lost in the Seven Days' Fight, some five months before. One of the boys took the " Johnnies " back to Captain Terry, and the rest of us went upstairs, and the way we made those old Spring- field rifles ring was a caution. It turned out that the troops in our front were a part of the Confederate General McLaw's, the two captives belonging to the 48th Virginia, and orders from General Lee to avoid bringing on a general engagement until reinforced, which didn't transpire until five o'clock that evening. After awhile, hunger came gnawing away, and we were getting short of ammunition, so one of the men went back for more cart- ridges, and Bill Mulkie said he would see what could be done in the way of appeasing the pangs of hunger, while the rest of us kept the stretcher bearers busy in our front. Bill was a good forager, had learned by experience where to search for good things and soon found a .small pig ready for cooking. It did not take long to have a good fire in the stove, and there was a good show for a meal. The fumes of roast pig, and the anticipation of a good, square meal, with real earthen dishes, had made us a little careless, and some one from upstairs came rushing down with the awful news, "The Johnnies are coming!" and, sure enough, there they were, not a hundred yards away. " Boys, we've got to get! " said I, and leaving everything, we rushed up the hill. Afterwards the boys used to query, " Who roasted the pig?" " Bill Mulkie." " Who ate the pig?" "Johnny Reb." New York Volunteers 139 A NOTABLE ARTILLERY SHOT By Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvy, of Warren, Pennsylvania When the Army of the Potomac was withdrawn to the north bank of the Rappahannock River after the Battle of Fredericksburg in December, 1862, our old division was drawn up in line on the Fal- mouth flats, where I witnessed the following incident which I will try to relate for the benefit of posterity. It will be recalled by those who were present that " Franklin's Bridge "' was below the city some two miles, and that the north end started opposite a large natural spring which flowed out of the bank, and I will say in passing that the spring is still there doing business at the " old stand," for a party of us took a big gourd and drank heartily from it in October, 1902, and that the water is still good and life-giving. That foggy morning when we came back, like the cat, the " Buck- tails " were deployed along our bank of the river, and each one was in a little square rifle pit of his own digging, and they were busy with their breech-loading Spencer rifles paying their compli- ments to any of the enemy who might be in range, in fact they, with some artillery, were covering the recrossing of the river. The Johnnies elated with their victory were not slow in speeding the departing guests, and pretty soon we saw a line of skirmishers being pushed forward towards the south end of the bridge, dodging and feeling their way to the front. I noticed they were commanded by an ofiicer, I should judge he was a major, well mounted on a powerful, fine-looking horse as he rode in the rear of the line, his arm extended as giving orders to his men, and his horse was prancing and curveting as if it felt its oats. As soon as attention was attracted to the approaching line and officer, I noticed a slight commotion in the battery to our left and rear, and felt that something would be doing very soon, and sure enough, an officer was seen sighting one of the brass field pieces of which the United States battery was composed. Bang went the gun, and as soon as the smoke lifted, we saw that proud officer lying on the ground across the river, and his fine steed was careering away to the rear and soon disappeared behind a slight 140 History of the 49th Regiment rise of ground beyond the earthworks, and that seemed too much for the skirmish line, and away they went helter skeUer and we saw them no more. I do not know the distance traversed by that shot, but should put it at least one-half mile, for it included the width of the river and a considerable strip of land on both sides of the river, for the battery stood well back towards the Falmouth Heights. We read much nowadays about famous shots in the army during the Civil War, and this is my contribution to the work for the benefit of the History of the 49th New York Volunteers, and imperfect and crude as it is I trust it will awaken some old memories of that great and badly fought battle. Now, boys, when you visit that battlefield, especially the left, where we held the line, don't fail to drink from the old spring which slaked the thirst and filled the canteens of many of our brave boys who went over the river that fateful fogg}^ morning, and who never came back. A TRIBUTE TO A LOYAL VIRGINIAN By Sherman Williams, of New York City During the winter of 1861-2 the 49th Regiment had its winter quarters at Camp Griffin in Fairfax County, Virginia, about six miles from Washington. In the latter part of January, 1862, Briga- dier General John Wynn Davidson was assigned to the command of the brigade to which the 49th Regiment was attached. General Davidson was born and reared in Fairfax County not far from Camp Griffin. The whirlgig of time and the fortunes of war had brought him back to the scene of his boyhood days. Bom in 1824 he was appointed a cadet to West Point from Fairfax County in 1841 and he graduated with honor in 1845. Upon graduating he was assigned to the 1st United States Dragoons and soon after ordered to the western frontier, where his regiment had been sent to protect the settlers from Indian depredations. For gallantry in the Mexican War he received two promotions. In November, 1861, he was ordered to report for duty in Washing- ton, and in January following took command of our brigade. He New York Volunteers 141 brought with him, from the west, a beautiful black Mexican mus- tang, which had been presented to him by the celebrated Indian scout, Kit Carson. His long service, with a cavalry regiment, made him at home in the saddle and when riding his well-trained mustang, he was perhaps the most graceful horseman in the Army of the Potomac. While in Camp Griffin, General Davidson was often visited by his relatives and friends, most of whom strongly sympa- thized with the South, and they tried to persuade him to desert the Union cause and join the Confederate army, where it was said he had been offered the position of major general. Virginia had seceded from the Union. His relatives and friends were urging him to go with his native state, as General Robert Edmund Lee had already done. The pressure was great from many sides, but to his everlasting credit, be it said, to all of these disloyal appeals, he gave an emphatic no. Said he : " Much as I love my relatives and friends in Fairfax County, much as I honor my native state, much more do I love, honor and respect my country, which has given me my military education, honored me with promotions from time to time and I am going to stand by the ' Old Flag.' " On receiving my first commission and on every promotion thereafter, I have taken a solemn oath to defend that flag against all enemies from without and from all traitors within. That oath I consider most sacred and binding." Like that other great Virginia soldier, Major General George Henry Thomas, who won so many decisive victories with the Army of the Tennessee, General Davidson did stand by the " Old Flag " until it floated triumphantly over every Southern state. In 1866 General Davidson was sent to the military district of the Yellowstone to keep the warlike Indians there in subjection. On May 21, 1881, he was given a sick leave and on June 26, 1881, he died in a hospital at Saint Paul, Minnesota. To the Union men of the South, both in civil and military life, belong the highest credit for their unswerving loyalty and devotion to the cause of human freedom under such trying conditions. 142 History of the 49th Regiment THE METHODIST MINISTER WHO OWNED CAMP GRIFFIN, VIRGINIA, WHERE THE 49th NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS ENCAMPED DURING THE WINTER OF 1861-2 By Sergeant Clakk S. Hazeltine, of Compton, California On July 22, 1915, occurred the death of Reverend D. M. Muters- baugh at Los Angeles, California, the Methodist minister who owned the farm upon which was located Camp Griffin in Virginia during the winter of 1861-2. For more than fifty years Mr. Muters- baugh served actively in the ministry without accepting remunera- tion. It was the rule of his life not to accept a cent for church work. H'e returned all money sent to him. Some sixteen years ago I ran across him at a Reunion of the Southern California \^eteran's Association held that year at Long Beach, California. He stood by while Comrade John Brooker of Company A, 49th Regiment, was speaking. He heard me say there was a chestnut tree at the corner of Captain Alonzo J. Marsh's tent with a pile of rocks around it at Camp Griffin. He went on to his dinner and had a talk with his wife. When he met me again he asked me if my Colonel was Bidwell, and I said yes. " Well," said he, " that chestnut tree was the corner of my farm." For awhile before our coming he had been under parole by the Confederates. His family had got out of provisions. He had noticed no Confederates had been around for some days so he took his horse and rode out to the divide to investigate, and saw a camp of men with dark clothes. He rode back and told his sister his parole was out as there was a change in the army, and he would go over to the camp and see if he could get a permit to go to George- town for supplies. He met General William Farrar Smith, Division Commander, who questioned him as to his intentions and then told him he could not be permitted to cross the Potomac. But the Gen- eral desired to know if he had potatoes. " Yes, in the ground." " Well, you go home and dig some and haul them to camp and tell Quartermaster Alexander to take them out and roll in your wagon a barrel of flour." New York Volunteers 143 He hesitated some, but finally went home and dug till night. He put them in his wagon and going over he met the general at about the same place he met him the day before. General Smith stopped him, found he had the potatoes and gave him the same words as before. "Well," he said, "How will I know the quartermaster?" The general took his tablet and on it wrote an order, which he handed to Mr. Mutersbaugh. Without difficulty he found Quartermaster Alexander, and some men were ordered to exchange the flour for the potatoes. But as he only had six bushels, and flour was twelve dollars a barrel, he told the quartermaster he would pay the difference in money. Quartermaster Alexander said, " Go on home with your flour accord- ing to the General's orders." Soon after that our Third Brigade went on his farm to camp, and staid all winter. A bakery was installed and his supply of char- coal and wood was used to bake with, and his covered wagon was used to distribute bread to the division. I got quite well acquainted with him out here in California, as he was in Long Beach a good deal. I would meet him, and he would laughingly ask if I was ready to pay the rent for his farm, which the Union army used in the winter of 1861-2. I asked him if he ever got his pay for what was used. " O, yes," he said, " I came out satisfied." A BAD HALF HOUR WITH GENERAL " BALD Y " SMITH By Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvy, of Warren, Pennsylvania In June, 1862, General William Farrar Smith's Division of the Sixth Corps lay at Camp Lincoln on the right bank of the Chicka- hominy in plain sight of the church spires of Richmond. One night I was on guard at division headquarters — in fact, m}- place of honor was in front of the General's tent. During the night the hours grew longer and more lonely toward morning, and as I was the owner of a vigorous appetite, I con- cluded to do a bit of foraging on my own account, so leaving my post I went to the rear where I found the kitchen tent, and there in a tin bake oven I discovered and confiscated some fine baking powder biscuits left over from supper, and put away by the black cook. 10 144 History of the 49th Regiment Upon these and other good edibles I regaled myself, then back to duty like a good soldier, and shortly before dawn I contracted another fool notion and that was the idea of improving the time, which the General was wickedly wasting in a warm, snug bed, by cleaning up and burnishing my good Springfield rifle. So at it I went and in two minutes I was seated on a stone at one side of the tent with the gun taken apart and scattered about on the grass. Now it appears that General " Baldy " Smith had formed the foolish habit of early rising and as I learned later he was out every morning bright and early, when we were face to face with the enemy, to " ride the lines," accompanied by an orderly. At early down I heard a slight noise behind me, and on turning my head I beheld a sight that froze me to that rock and paralyzed me with my mouth wide open, for there emerging from his tent came the general fully dressed and equipped, and just at that moment his orderly appeared with the general's horse and his own. Well, there was a mutual surprise party that was absorbingly inter- esting, and the principal amusement was a very vociferous silence and a remarkably stony glare on the part of the general, and now " I'm a goner " sigh from the guard. It was my duty to be on my feet and salute the general by pre- senting arms, but alas, I was rooted fast to the sacred soil of Virginia, and my gun barrel lying across my knees weighed a ton by actual heart beats. I was under the spell of a horrible night mare, and just then I would have given my kingdom for a horse so I could escape from the piercing eye of the commander of the division. Well, he looked at me as he stood, and he looked at me as I sat, and I shrunk and shrunk and shrank ; and " thunk " and " thunk " and thank, then disappeared in my hat. With one final withering glance he turned, mounted his horse and rode to the front, but he had not deigned to address one word to me during the time. After I came to, I assembled my scattered musket, and in due time was relieved from guard duty and retired to my tent to meditate. Later I was summoned to the tent of Colonel Bidwell, which I entered with fear and trembling, for I knew the sequel of the general's matinee was at hand, and saluted him in my best and New York Volunteers 145 most amiable "first aid to the wounded " manner, which he acknowl- edged and then opened his rapid fire question battery on me before I could unlimber my excuse ammunition box. I was informed that the general had reported me for remissness in duty and asked me to plead and show cause why I should not be punished to the full extent of the military law, or words to that effect. I promptly pleaded guilty and in extenuation of my crime, I took the colonel into my confidence and unfolded the sad tale of how it came to pass. Of course I did not feel that he would feel interested to any great extent in the short foraging expedition, for that I think was not in the indictment of the court, so I confined my evidence strictly to a resume of breach of duty. In answer to his question why I did not salute the general, I said my gun was in no condition to perform that fine military act, and that I was sur- prised and overwhelmed by the sudden appearance of General Smith, but in extenuation of my conduct I plead the economic use of time to put my gun in inspectable condition for that day. Colonel Bidwell mused for a few tense minutes and then said, '* Go to your quarters, but if I hear of any more of this loose way of doing duty, especially any disrespect to your officers, you will not get rid of me so easily as you did this time." I simply give the substance of his remarks for it is not possible to state verbatim conversation which took place forty odd years ago. I may add that among all my subsequent foolish acts, and they were legion, disrespect to my general was not on the list. The old general passed away in the winter of 1903 ; and I recall General Smith as a good officer, and one who never led his boys into any place that he would not enter himself if necessary. I know he led his division to victory at Antietam and received much praise for the gallant charge of our old Third Brigade, in the attack just opposite the Dunker Church. Peace to his ashes. 146 History of the 49th Regiment REMINISCENCES OF MAY 18th By Sergeant Sumner A. Smith, of Kennedy, New York I am not a bit superstitious, neither am 1 particularly stuck on omens. Had I a contract to build a railroad to the moon I would just as soon commence it on Friday as any other day. I enjoy my Christmas dinner with thirteen around the table, as well as if it was any other number ; and I do not care a rap whether I see the new moon over my right shoulder or my left. The four- leaved clover has no attraction for me, and no one can say they ever saw a horse shoe hung" over my door for good luck. But with all this I know " There is a Divinity that shapes our ends, rough hew them as we will." Many things are unaccountable to us all ; things happen during our daily walks which we cannot understand ; and I am inclined to think that's just as it should be. I remember when I was a small boy of hearing my father say, " that seemingly the 18th of May had been a day of events with the Smith family." It was his birthday and he mentioned a number of things that happened on that particular day, and a few years after, the only sister I had sickened and died on the 18th of May. It was on the 18th of May, 1864, that General Grant sent his message to the seat of government at Washington, " I propose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer." We marched nearly all night. We knew we were going back to the battlefield of the 12th ; back to Spottsylvania Court House ; back to what was then called, and has ever since been known as the " Bloody Angle." Once more we knew we were to lock horns with General Lee, and if possible, break thru his center, cutting his army in two, and having it at our mercy in detail. Most of the men felt that this was a forlorn hope, but it was ours to obey, and with the fact constantly in mind that this was May 18th, just at day light, we reached the old battlefield. It was the field where in front of and close to the enemy, only a few days before, so many of our brave boys had given up their lives. The order was given and instantly responded to to charge over the breastworks. We went, capturing a few prisoners and a stand or two of colors. But the second line was impregnable, and the order came to halt and lie down. New York Volunteers 147 We were in an open field, and soon the shells began to drop in thick and fast. One who has never heard the merry chorus of the sinews of war, the shriek of the minnie ball, and the ping pang of the grape and canister for the soprano ; the baritone of shot and shell ; the railroad iron and ram rods and the roar of distant cannon for bass ; with now and then a sweet scented solo consisting of a dismal, raw, unvarnished rebel yell, can have no conception of the effect upon one who has nothing to do but wait and watch from when they came and whither they go. I was the left guide of Company G and on my left was Captain Reuben E. Heacock of Company E of the 49th Regiment. We were lying side by side and a shell which was coming we thought would strike uncomfortably near. Just as it got within a few feet of us, so near, I believe, we might have reached it with our hands, right over our heads it burst and with the thought in my brain that this was the 18th of May, I became unconscious. But it was only for a few moments, it being the concussion more than anything that knocked me out, altho I still have a couple of scars for a reminder. It was different with poor Captain Heacock. A portion of the shell killed him and he was buried a day or so afterwards, on the spot where he laid beside me, by foemen and strangers. A few years later his body was removed to his home at Attica, New York. And the following poem which was read at the funeral tells the story : THE DEAD CAPTAIN By Anson G. Chester You have heard about the battle, With its clash and roar and rattle, That was fought with fiendish mania On the field of Spottsylvania. And you know that one we cherished In that fiery conflict perished, Lay all torn and grimed and gory — Such is war and such is glory. Ah, the tears of woe and pity That were shed in this good city, When for him the flags were shrouded, When the golden noon was clouded. 148 History of the 49th Regiment Where the rebel missiles laid him There a hasty grave was made him — Not by those who shed his danger, But the foeman and the stranger. They who oft had tried and proved him, They the gallant boys who loved him, Rough indeed, but tender hearted. Wept to leave the brave departed. Wept at what his daring cost him. Wept because they thus had lost him - Surely soldiers must be human When they weep and wail like women. On they passed and left him sleeping — Reapers must be ever reaping. But they better fought and grander Thinking of their dead commander. Many a Southern home was blighted, Ere that night the stars were lighted. Rebel corpses strewed the clover When that awful fight was over. In the grave the foemen made him, Where the hands of strangers laid him, Slept he till the war was ended. Till the dove of peace descended. From that ghastly field and bloody Bring they now the warrior's body, Home at last, o'er field and river, Home at last, and home for ever. Lay him, with our banner o'er him, By the child that went before him, By the bed where he reposes, One of amaranths and roses. Call thy roll, of fame, and listen, Even his dead eyes shall glisten, And his wonted voice, so pleasant, Give the ready answer. " Present." New York Volunteers 149 DEGRADATION OF AN OFFICER FOR COWARDICE By Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvy, of Warren, Pennsylvania In my war diary under date of June 11, 1863, I find the following entry: ** Lieutenant of the 21st New Jersey Volunteers had his sword broken and was otherwise disgraced before the brigade, for cowardice." This affair took place while we were encamped on Falmouth Heights, below Fredericksburg, Virginia, and just before the move- ment towards Gettysburg took place, and the evening before the 21st New Jersey Volunteers left for home by reason of expiration of the two years term of enlistment. It was currently reported that when our brigade charged up the heights behind Fredericksburg that beautiful Sabbath morning in May, that the fire from the enemy's guns was more than this young officer could bear, and that he took refuge behind a barn while his men went forward to assist in capturing those historic hills which had so fatally resisted the attack of the right wing of the army under General Sumner in the December previous. The Third Brigade was called out for dress parade at six p. m. and formed three sides of a huge square, the open side on the brow of the hill overlooking the Rappahannock River and the Confederate troops on the south side of the river. The armed guards came thru the rear line, conducting the prisoner, and halted in front of the general and his staff, when the adjutant general read the order in hearing of the brigade which was to the effect that the officer was dishonorably discharged from the service of the United States, and was to be publicly disgraced in the presence of his comrades of the Third Brigade. His face was white and his head uncovered, and he was attired in a fatigue uniform, wearing no shoulder straps to indicate his rank, but had on sword belt, sword and pistol. As he had no straps to be torn oft', the adjutant drew his sword from its scabbard and placed the point on the ground, then threw his weight on it in an attempt to break it, but it bent double without breaking, when General Neill, sitting on his horse, said, " Throw it aside," which was done, the pistol following and the belt taken off. 150 History of the 49th Regiment After an effort to unfasten it, the general remarked in a sotto voce, " Cut it off." The guards then faced the disgraced officer to the rear and took him away thru the ranks, never to be seen again by any of us who witnessed that scene. As for me, when I saw the look of shame and humiliation on the face of that young soldier, I felt that I would rather have died many times over, facing the enemy on the field of battle, than to have undergone that terrible ordeal. Poor fellow, perhaps he could not prevent it, and I have no condemnation for him, for I was not in that charge, and feel that my testimony would not be competent in that case. I simply give this incident as I recall it after a lapse of forty years, for the recording in our history as one of the events of war, cruel war. New York Volunteers 151 Chapter XV SERGEANT McKELVY'S TRIBUTE TO GENERAL DAVIDSON BIDWELL Address at the Memorial Services held at Buffalo, New York, October 19, 1914 THE NAME OF Daniel Davidson Bidwell has been honored as citizen and soldier for three-fourths of a century. General Bidwell's active connection with the militia of the Empire State showed the bent of his mind toward things military, and when his country's flag was assailed by armed foemen, he at once threw himself into the conflict. The organization of the Second Buffalo Regiment was at once undertaken and carried to success by himself and brother officers and the patriotic citizens of Buffalo. The 49th New York Volunteers was a favored regiment, by having a man over us in whom we could — and did — place abso- lute confidence at all times, and especially when in action with the enemy. The feeling of resentment shown by green men over the relentless drill, which, in some cases assumed the form of threats, soon gave way to respect and confidence, and later affection, and it was not long until we looked upon him more as a father than a hard master. And when, in time, we came to face death, we well knew that the brave commander would never put us in any place where he would not accompany us, and from which he could not extricate us. I well recall his coolness and superb courage when under fire, and how he would — in his crisp manner of speech — admonish us to keep our heads down and our bodies covered. At Camp Lincoln, before Richmond, we were attacked, and in our rifle pit we were hugging dear old mother earth most affection- ately while the colonel erect and portly, with his sword tucked under his arm, walked back and forth on the edge of the trench with one eye on the enemy and the other on his boys, the personifi- cation of the well-poised and fearless soldier, and while the men were dodging and boring into the ground he walked among the 152 History of the 49th Regiment singing bullets and screeching shells as peacefully as if he were on his way to church. How he thrilled and inspired us by his magnifi- cent presence and bearing in times of great danger. Like the Scotch hero, Roderick Dhu : " One blast upon his bugle horn was worth a thousand men." Once when I was expecting a reprimand from him I was delighted by his asking me for information which I was able to give him. During the weary night march from Savage Station to White Oak Swamp, tired and discouraged, I threw myself down on a brush pile over a mud hole, and was awakened by a punch in the ribs and a yell in my ear to " get out of this, the Johnnies are coming." Well, I flew across White Oak Swamp bridge in the mad rush of men, supply and ambulance trains, as the pioneers were waiting to burn it to prevent the crossing of the enemy. I searched far and near for the regiment but got no trace or news of them till late in the afternoon, and after crossing the gory battle- field I found them on the rear guard and behind a fence overlooking a ridge, " watching and waiting "' for the enemy under Stonewall Jackson. Colonel Bidwell sat on the fence and as he saw me approaching the line he beckoned me to come to him. I thought I was to get my " calling down " for wanton straggling, but he seemed glad to see me, and then asked me where I had been and what I had seen of the battle on our left where the fighting had been very severe. Well, I told him how I had lost track of tlie regiment and that I had tried to make my way to the James River, thinking the division had advanced, and that I had met our trains coming back on the run, the drivers reporting that the Confederates had got between them and the river. He asked me several questions as to the situation, then told me to get my place in the ranks, which I most gladly did. One night at Camp Lincoln I was guard in front of General " Baldy " Smith's tent and along toward morning I got the fool idea in my head to clean up my musket, and just at daybreak, as 1 sat on a stone with the gun barrel across my knees and the other parts scattered on the ground, I was horrified by the general emerging from his tent and the arrival of his orderly with the horses. I learned later that he was in the habit of getting out at break of day to " ride the lines " New York Volunteers 153 in front of his division. Not a word was spoken, but he gave me a stony glare as I sat on the stone which froze me stiff, and unsaluted by his sentry, he mounted his horse and galloped away to the front. When I was relieved from duty I was asked to call at Colonel Bidwell's tent, and on entering and saluting I was asked why I failed in my duty to the commanding general. Of course, I made the best defense I could which " also was vanity," and after a curt remark from the colonel, "Go to your quarters, sir, you are free for this time, but if I hear of any further breach of duty you will not get off so easily." I walked away, glad it was no worse. How merciful he was to us green lads and how carefully he looked after our every want and interest. As the ladies are wont to remark: " He was just dear." Colonel Bidwell was my beau ideal of a volunteer soldier, and he certainly captured the hearts of all his men. At the time of my wounding and capture in the autumn of '63 thru the recklessness of Major Ellis — the field officer of the Sixth Corps picket line — when he ordered me, sergeant in charge of the extreme left post, and Nick Wagner to follow him beyond the lines, and we not being able to keep up with his galloping horse, fell into the hands of Confederate cavalry, I afterwards learned from my brother that when the fact was known to Colonel Bidwell, he sent for Ellis and reprimanded him most severely for his part in the unfortunate affair. Had we been under the colonel instead of the major, that blunder would never have happened. I never got back to the regiment, but spent my third year of service in Libby prison and the hospitals at Annapolis Junction. I had been at home some three weeks when the battle at Cedar Creek took place and I received the sad news of the death of General Bidwell. In the year 1890, the Sixth Corps got together at Philadelphia and went to Winchester to dedicate a fine monument which had been erected to the memory of General David Allan Russell, who fell in the Battle of Winchester, while commanding a division of the Sixth Corps. I think I was the only member of the 49th New York Volunteers present on that occasion, and we spent three days in visiting the battlefields, and at Cedar Creek I had the great good fortune to meet General George Washington Getty, who was the 154 History of the 49th Regiment commander of the Second Division and commander of the Sixth Corps while General Horatio Gates Wright was temporarily in charge of the army, owing to Sheridan's absence. As we stood overlooking the field I asked him if he could tell me just where General Bidwell fell, and he replied : " I could take you to the exact spot now marked by a large boulder and which is about one mile from where we stand." I then asked him about the conduct of the old White Cross Division on that momentous occasion, and what they were doing when Sheridan arrived on the field. He said they were lying behind a slight ridge, and skirmishing with the enemy just back of Middletown, a small hamlet, and that the Second Division of the Sixth Corps, or the old White Cross Division, was the only considerable body of troops facing and hold- ing back the Confederates on that bloody field. And fifty busy momentous years have passed since that famous Battle of Cedar Creek, where our dear colonel sealed his patriotism with his life blood. His work was done and he was called home to be forever with the Lord, while we, his boys, are left for some good purpose, I trust and believe. May the beloved memory of that good friend, soldier and patriot inspire us to a nobler and more useful life. Comrade, sleep well, hail and farewell. RECOLLECTIONS OF THE WAR By Sergeant Norman R. Thompson, of Jamestown, New York Very vivid in my mind was the day in August, 1861, when a little band of us boys listened to the good-byes — and they were the last good-bye of many who went, as well as of many that remained — and bid farewell to the scenes of our childhood in the little village where I was born, and started for the war. Another was when we took our first march under our brave and beloved colonel, Daniel Davidson Bidwell, from Camp Porter in Buffalo to the depot. It seemed as tho the entire populace of BuflFalo and the surrounding country lined up on both sides of the streets thru which we marched. Another memorable time was June 16, 1862, when we were at Camp Lincoln on the right bank of the Chickahominy River in front New York Volunteers 155 of the church spires of Richmond there came for us a beautiful silk flag presented to the regiment by the ladies of Bufifalo. The com- mand formed in hollow square and in the presence of General John Wynn Davidson and staff Colonel Bidwell presented the colors to the regiment with appropriate remarks, which was followed by rousing cheers of the soldiers. Inspired by Mrs. Abbey P. Heacock, the mother of Captain Reuben E. Heacock of Company E, nineteen ladies of Buffalo, who had lived on the Niagara frontier during the War of 1812, met at one another's homes and prepared this magnificent banner. Another one of these ladies was Mrs. Jane Harvey Bidwell, the mother of Colonel Bidwell. The others were Mrs. Esther P. Fox, Mrs. Par- nell St. John Sidway, Mrs. Katherine C. Warner, Mrs. Sarah M. Davidson, Mrs. Beulah G. Smith, Mrs. William Hodge, Miss Sarah Hodge, Mrs. Orlando Allen, Mrs. Walter W. Stannard, Mrs. Louisa C. Weed, Mrs. Sarah M. Judson, Mrs. Sophia Pratt Mrs. Fannie A. Lay, Mrs. Sarah T. Coburn, Mrs. Sarah D. Gilbert, Mrs. Mary P. Burt and Mrs. Miles Jones. This silk flag was of regimental size and had the name of the regiment gorgeously blazoned on its expanse. It was carried in the following engagements : Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Mal- vern Hill, Second Bull Run. South Mountain, Antietam, Fred- ericksburg, Marye's Heights Salem Church, Gettysburg, Fairfield, Funckstown, Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Gurley House, Fort Stevens and Charlestown. On September 17, 1864, the three years for which the 49th Regiment enlisted expired, and at that time eighty-nine veterans returned to Buffalo to be mustered out. The morning this little band started for home Colonel Holt, who was then in command of the regiment, placed the tattered and bullet-holed flag in the custody of Sergeant Sumner A. Smith to return it to the patriotic ladies of Buffalo, saying it had done its duty and was now to go back to those who had remembered the boys in this cynosure of soldierly pride and ambition. On October 5, 1865, the colors of the 49th Regiment were deposited in the State Capitol at Albany. There was another flag, which was not of silk, but of bunting. It had been presented to the regiment in September, 1861, by Governor 156 History of the 49th Regiment Edwin Dennison Morgan on behalf of the State of New York. It was carried in these engagements : Lewinsville, Watts Creek, Young's Mills, Mechanicville and Golding's Farm. Then, when the beautiful silk banner arrived, it was laid aside and not used again until the silk banner had been practically shot to pieces, and returned to the patriotic ladies of Buffalo, who had made it. Then it was that the bunting flag was again unfurled and was carried in these engagements : Opequon, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek and at the Fall of Petersburg. And proudly too, the old bunting flag was carried by the 49th Regiment at Appomattox Court House. My memory goes back to the memorable time in July, 1864, when Washington was in danger and the gallant Sixth Corps, of which the 49th Regiment formed a part, was hastily sent with all speed to the relief of the National Capital. President Lincoln met us at the Seventh Street wharf, and well we cheered him. We marched up Seventh street, which was lined on both sides with crowds almost crazed with fear, but when they saw the men wearing the Greek cross, fear seemed to give way to joy and on every hand you could hear the exclamations: " It's the old Sixth Corps." " These are the men who took Marye's Heights." " The danger is over now." Washington an hour before was in a panic, but when they saw the veterans of the Sixth Corps march up the street, excitement sub- sided and confidence prevailed. Far too little do the histories tell of the battle which ensued the next day at Fort Stevens, a battle which kept Early's hordes of Confederates from plundering or burning our seat of government. The British burned Washington during the War of 1812, and but for the timely arrival of the Sixth Corps just in the nick of time on the afternoon of July 11, 1864, the Confederates would have burned the city a second time. We of the 49th Regiment are very proud of this engagement at Fort Stevens, for our beloved Colonel Bidwell was in command of the attack which drove Early headlong from before the city and sent him flying up the Shenandoah Valley. Also the battle was fought under the eye of President Lincoln, the only battle of the war that our President witnessed. Many of these memories of the war are very tender and sad. I have in my possession a letter I received on May 24, 1864, from the New York Volunteers 157 father of Captain Seward Harmon Terry of Company G, who was killed at the Bloody Angle at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. It would bring tears to your eyes to read it. It was written in reply to my letter of May 13th to him. telling him of the death of his son. After the war I visited Squire Terry at his home in Clymer, New York. He took me up to the cemetery and the old gray-haired man standing by the grave of his brave son, with tears running down his cheeks, told me how great a sacrifice it was for him to part with his boy, who had enrolled when only twenty- three years of age. Our regiment lost more heavily at the Bloody Angle, May 12, 1864, than during any other engagement of the war. How trying was our duty on May 13th to write home to the relatives of the slain, telling them of the sad news. A few days later much mail came to camp for us and some of it were letters addressed to our dead comrades. But they would never read letters written to them from their homes here, for they had gone to the great home beyond. When the cruel war was over how glad we, who were left, were to return to our homes. It seemed like going back to God's country. The Civil War was our country's great convulsion, but righteousness triumphed, and let us hope our nation will never experience another one. THE MARCH OF THE GALLANT SIXTH CORPS There were whispers of danger in Washington town, There were murmurs of fear of a foe coming down From the sheltering Maryland hills on the North, Like a tiger searching for his prey rushing forth, There was flying in haste with the treasures of wealth ! There was hiding of moneys and jewels in stealth! There was massing of crowds on Potomac's fair shore, For they knew not that near was the gallant Sixth Corps. To the national chiefs there were hours of suspense ; There was a rushing of men to the lines of defence. The militia untried and the hospital guest, The civihan with little of fight in his breast. And the President stood at the front of the line, By the guns of Fort Stevens, as if to divine If the foe could be held but an hour or more, For he knew of the march of the gallant Sixth Corps. 158 History of the 49th Regiment There was cavalry there, but their horses were not, Yet they made with their carbines a fight that was hot. And they drove off the men of the enemy's hosts That were picking off gunners and guards at their posts. But the chieftains well knew that the valiant display That they made of opposing the enemy's way Was pretense that might melt at a battle line's roar, And they longed for the guns of the gallant Sixth Corps. To the front in Virginia the word was rushed down For the Sixth Corps to haste to the capital town. The assembly was sounded and quickly they sped To defend the fair home of the government's head; Not a moment was lost as they hurried away, Over hills, down the James, into Chesapeake Bay, Up the river Potomac, to Washington's shore, Where the nation awaited the gallant Sixth Corps. From the river to Brightwood the march was begun, Many miles in the dust and midsummer sun ; Thru the city's rude streets, often greeted with cheers, And, by patriots anxious and fearful, with tears ; For the cause of the Union in peril then lay. Seemed hanging in doubt on events of the day, And they knew it would rally, triumphant, once more. As they witnessed the march of the gallant Sixth Corps. Then away from the city and up the rough roads. Past the line of deserted suburban abodes ; Up hills steep and wearisome, onward they went. All their hearts on the sight of the enemy bent; Never slacking their speed for refreshment or rest, To the line of battle they eagerly pressed. And the President hailed them as never before, As he saw the swift march of the gallant Sixth Corps. Thru the night on their guns they secured the repose That they needed to charge their fresh, confident foes ; But at break of morn they were quickly awake. And their place on the battlefield ready to take ; Then assembly was sounded, the battle line formed. And the line of the menacing enemy stormed ; But the foe soon recovered the Hags that they bore. And fled at the march of the gallant Sixth Corps. Then the battle became a victorious rout. And it ended at last in a glad, ringing shout. From the line of defence round the capital bent, And the citizens cheered, for they knew what it meant ; But for those who laid down their young lives on that day. We the sweetest of flowers on their couches will lay ; In our hearts we will cherish, with pride, evermore, The brave boys in the march of the gallant Sixth Corps. New York Volunteers 159 The above poem was read by Doctor Calver of the Sixth Corps Association at the Battleground Cemetery, Washington, D. C. July 12, 1904, on the occasion of the dedication of a monument erected by the survivors of the 122d New York Volunteers in memory of their comrades who fell in the Battle of Fort Stevens. The 122d Regiment was in the Third Brigade of the Second Division, Sixth Corps, and this brigade, under command of Colonel Bidwell, charged Early's Confederate forces and under the eye of President Lincoln drove them from the field. ADDRESS DELIVERED AT THE DEDICATION OF THE 49th REGIMENTAL MONUMENT AT THE BLOODY ANGLE SPOTTSYLVANIA COURT HOUSE. VIRGINIA. OCTOBER 9. 1902 By William Mulkie, of Corry, Pennsylvania Not until this moment was I aware that I would be called on to say anything on this occasion. I am no speechmaker, yet had I known a few hours earlier, I might have arranged my thoughts in a manner that would have been more pleasing to my listeners, and more satisfactory to myself. Under no circumstances, however, could I have made a brilliant speech. First, I wish to say this : I see before me many people of this section of the country. I am glad you are taking an interest in the dedication of our monument, for to me it means friendliness. The last time we were here, forty years ago, in place of a loaded table shown us, it was a loaded gun, muzzle foremost. But I am reminded that the chairman called upon me to say something in regard to what happened here forty years ago, as I remember the events. Beginning at the commencement of that campaign, we crossed the Rapidan River at Germanna Ford late in the afternoon of May 4. 1864. On the morning of the 5th, taking the old Culpepper pike southeasterly, we reached the neighborhood of Wilderness Tavern. General Getty, leaving his Third Brigade, to which the 49th Regiment belonged, led his First and Se^'cond Brigades up this way, until we reached the Brock Road, and then turned south on the Brock Road. General Getty and Major Hyde were in advance. I was in the second file of men behind them. 11 160 History of the 49th Regiment When we reached a point thirty rods in this direction from the Germanna plank road we were fired on by the enemy from the west side of the Brock Road. Major Hyde soon double-quicked the pioneers ahead, right-faced and forwarded us into the thick woods. We soon had the enemy brushed away and our First and Second Brigades passed on up to the intersection of the Brock and Orange Court House plank roads. This was the first opening shot by our infantry in that campaign so far as I know. It was less than a half mile to the Orange Court House plank road, where one of the most fierce and deadly struggles began, continuing until nightfall of the 6th. When we left that place, known to us as the Wilderness, on the night of the 7th, we took the old pike road leading towards Chancellorsville, near which we turned south after crossing the Ny River at about the Catharpin furnace, when we took the direct road for Spottsylvania Court House, camping on the night of the 8th south of the Pine Tree Meeting House. I will hurriedly pass over the 9th and 10th, only pausing to say that our regiment took part in Colonel Upton's wonderful forlorn hope charge, which gained advanced ground and captured many guns and prisoners, but not being supported, we were forced to leave the guns, altho we brought away the prisoners. Our regiment lost quite severely in this engagement. Very early on the morning of the 11th, under the leadership of Major Hyde, about sixty of us passed along the ridge (pointing to the place) easterly, as an escort to one of General Meade's stafif officers, in search of General Burnside's Corps. After passing those chimneys yonder, about half a mile, we came in sight of his wagon train, and nearing some of the wagons we stacked our guns. About two hours later we started back, taking the same route. I am enter- ing into the details of my experience that day, in order to remove any doubt you may have of the identity of the location. While passing the house that stood where those chimneys now stand (point- ing to them), we discovered some Johnnies' outposts at this salient angle. At the house we found a lone woman, one of the real motherly sort. I am sorry she is not here to-day. I am told she would have been but for a funeral she is attending. I asked her about the enemy we had seen, " Yes," she said, " there is a smart New York Volunteers 161 lot of them over there." We found out early next morning that she told the truth. Long before daylight of the 12th, we were again following Major 'Hyde down this way, again passing around to the rear of that house, where the woods road leads out to the Fredericksburg road. At the edge of the woods, some twenty rods the other side of the house from here, we stacked our guns, and, dividing into small parties, commenced repairing and widening the road. As I remember it, it was between nine and ten o'clock when the greater number of us were returning to our guns and had just emerged from the woods when I saw thousands of Confederates coming towards us. We immediately took our guns and deployed along the edge of the woods to prevent them from entering. It was not long before the four or five thousand prisoners taken in the charge, that history gives all the credit of to the Second Corps, were corralled, with the help of some provost guards and a few cavalrymen, who came to our assistance. We then came out this way, up thru that low ground (pointing to it), and turning to the other side of yonder high ground, passed a short piece of work and on until we reached some extensive works that had been captured from the enemy. We began at once changing them and continued building and strengthen- ing lines over those woods until nearly daylight. At daybreak on the morning of the 13th, the desperate fighting of the previous day and night had ceased, the enemy having withdrawn their lines. I came over here expecting to find my company. They had withdrawn from the line and others had taken their places. But I found plenty of evidence that they had been here and of the desperate conflict they had helped to wage. Sherman said, " War is hell." Looking at the dead lying over there, just in front of this line, and the dear comrades and officers of my company lying here and back there, I think he did not put it too strong. We are told that our little brigade fired one hundred and thirty-three rounds of ammunition to the man, and kept at bay, five distinct and separate charges that were made to recapture the angle. Some idea as to the truth of this statement may be formed when we think of that oak tree, some fifteen inches thru, the stump of which can be seen by any visitor at the National 162 History of the 49th Regiment Museum at Washington. This tree was up twenty-two feet out- side of yonder line of works and within sixty feet of the monu- ment we this day dedicate to the memory of those tried and true men of our regiment, who, under the fierce showers of minnie balls, laid down their lives to save their country. I found Sergeant Elijah H. Shippee lying cold in death. He had but a few days before received a minnie ball thru the fleshy part of the arm, and carrying it in a sling, had, with the others, carried an ax and coffee kettle, trying to be of some service in making coffee for his comrades. When the regiment was called to make the charge which brought them across here, he threw down the kettle and went forward to the works, which as yet, consisted of bare logs, and under and between them he wielded his ax on the enemy, who so stubbornly defended their position for a long time before they were forced to retreat. In the mean- time Shippee was like an avenging spirit, continuing to deal crushing and deadly blows, baring his breast to the enemy's bullets and bayonets' thrusts. There he lay with half a dozen holes in his body. Who shall say such a man is dead? Lives he not in the deed engraved high on fame's escutcheon, the bravest of the brave? Not much less I can say of my captain, Seward Harman Terry, Lieutenant Mortimer Le Verne Tyler, Gilbert D. Harris, Dayton R. Leland, and many others of my company and regiment, who fought to the finish here, with an indomitalile spirit of devotion to their country. Over there, on that low ground, in the same grave, side by side as they had fought and struggled, we buried three of the bravest of the brave. They died as patriot soldiers wish to die ; proudly they consecrated their lives to the cause of human liberty ; side by side we laid them to rest, until they hear the last welcome call. They were soldiers fit to stand by Caesar, Each of merit, has each honored name To shine untarnished on the rolls of fame And add new luster to the historic page ! With a sad heart I turned from the scenes around me and wept as I walked away, to resume my duties as a soldier. After this New York Volunteers 163 conflict Company G was unable to stack more than seven muskets, having no officers left to command. The roll was never again called, the few members remaining were consolidated in Company A. Referring again to our visiting friends of this section, the time was, when each of us maligned the other's character and impugned the other's motives. This was largely due, however, to news- papers and the intriguing men of that time. The battle fought at this place helped to make us a nation of greater power and intelligence. Our duty now is to help preserve the peace, happi- ness and prosperity we are enjoying at home, and continue to hold the respect of other nations. Our experience ought to teach us the necessity of the first; our power secures us the second. Forty years ago the North and South were comparatively strangers, now we are acquainted. Designing politicians of that day forced the two great factions of our nation to gather, face to face, with drawn swords and fixed bayonets and measure their strength. It was a war between giants. The scenes that occurred on this field, tho deadly and dreadful as we have depicted them, were repeated on many other fields; Bull Run and Appomattox, and thousands of the bravest soldiers that ever trod the earth were sacrificed on the altar of their country. It is fitting that we should erect monuments to their memory. Comrades, let us rejoice that we have lived to see the Mason and Dixon line erased from the maps of a once more united country, and that the same " Old Glory " flag is upheld, and is respected alike by both the Blue and the Gray. I am ready to shake the hand of any good ex-Confederate soldier, and to do my share to preserve our American home and principles. Let us be friends for evermore. 164 History of the 49th Regiment ADDRESS OF SERGEANT ALEXANDER H. McKELVY. PRESI- DENT OF THE 49th REGIMENTAL ASSOCIATION, AT THE DEDICATION OF THE MONUMENT AT THE BLOODY ANGLE. SPOTTSYLVANIA COURT HOUSE. OCTOBER 9, 1902 Comrades : We are assembled here on one of the great battle- fields of the Civil War for a purpose entirely proper and com- mendable, and worthy of the organization of which we are proud to be known as members. We have journeyed here from the far Pacific coast, from the great lakes, rivers and valleys, cities and towns of our beloved country. And for what have we left our various vocations, professions and trades? Let this silent shaft inscribed on its four sides tell the story. Forty-one comrades of our grand old regiment, the 49th New York Volunteers, fell here and gave up those lives, so dear, so precious to their families and friends, for their country's defense, and now, thirty-eight years after the great sacrifices, we, a few of their comrades, meet here to honor their memory by the erection of this granite witness to their patriotism. Yes, their names are here writ in stone, but this stone will crumble and decay, and in the course of time will disappear from the face of the earth, but as long as human history shall last, as long as the great Republic of the West shall hold an honored place in the list of nations, as long as men and women cherish the ideas of patriotism, self-sacrifice and splendid devotion to a righteous cause, so long shall worship here be fostered, and the memories of those great heroes be loved and revered. In the language of the immortal Lincoln, in substance, " It will matter little what we say here, but the subject that concerns us all is, what they did here." Brave boys, you did your work here, you made your supreme effort, you failed not in duty, 1)Ut you nobly performed your part in the great conllict, and then gathered your drapery around you, laid down in a soldier's grave to dream of a glorious and united country over which New York Volunteers 165 your beloved banner should wave from east to west, from north to south. Honest, faithful comrades, " After life's fiful fever you sleep well." Sleep on and take your rest while we linger at your side. Not forgetting for one moment the cause for which you died. And now they sleep so stately, Each in his graveyard bed. So calmly, so sedately They rest, that once I said : These men are dead. The night-time and the day-time, The rise and set of sun, The winter and the May-time, To them whose work is done, Are all as one. Then o'er mine eyes there floated A vision of the land Where their brave souls, promoted To Heaven's own armies, stand At God's right hand. From out the mighty distance I seemed to see them gaze Back on their old existence. Back on the battle blaze Of war's dread days. The flowers shall fade and perish In larger faith, spake I, But these dear names we cherish Are written in the sky, And cannot die. Muster Roll [167] MUSTER ROLL OF THE FORTY-NINTH REGI- MENT, NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS AcHEON, Charles — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 17, 1863, at Alexandria, Virginia. AcKERLY, Ffxix — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 4, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Adams, Jacob — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 4, 1861; discharged, March 19, 1863, at White Oak Church. Virginia. Adams, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, February 20, 1864, at Niagara, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, February 22, 1864; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Adams, Samuel — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 3, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia ; died of his wounds, December 29, 1863, at Palmyra, New York. Affoltek, Samuel — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 : discharged for disability, September 18, 1862, at Providence, Rhode Island. Akins, Johx — x\ge, 40 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, September 13, 1864; mustered out, to date, June 21, 1865, at Buffalo, New York. Alberger, William Clendenin — Age, 24 years. Enrolled, September 18, 1861, at New Y'ork City, to serve three years ; mustered in as lieutenant colonel, September 10, 1861; wounded in action, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland; discharged for disability, December 10, 1862; prior service as captain, Twenty-first New York Infantry; commissioned lieu- tenant colonel, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 18, 1861, original. Allen, Andrew J. — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years : mustered in as private. Company E, September 5, 1861; promoted sergeant, January 1, 1863; sergeant major, March 1, 1863; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Allen, George ]\I. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 30, 1861, at Forcst- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 6, 1861 ; discharged, no date, from hospital. Allen, Jam^^.s — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered as private, Company D, August 27, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863; promoted corporal, April 1, 1864; wounded in [169] 170 History of the 49th Regiment action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; promoted sergeant. May 12. 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; promoted first sergeant, January 1, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Allen, Joseph — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, June 4, 1862, at Baltimore, Maryland. Allman, John — Age, Zl years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Alteman, John Peter — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Lockport, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 10, 1864; no further record. Altum, William — Age, 31 years. Enlisted at Jamestown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company K, November 18, 1861 ; deserted, June 27, 1862, at Savage Station, Virginia. Alverson, Nathan F. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, Sep- tember 10, 1861; died of typhoid fever, June 21, 1862, at New York City. Amidon, John N. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; transferred to Company I November 1, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 10. 1864. Anderson, Adolph — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Utica, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, February 3, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Anderson, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 6, 1861 ; sent to United States Flospital, Germantown, Pennsylvania, July 2, 1863 ; no further record. Andrews, James M. — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Veteran Reserve Corps, March 15, 1864; mustered out, July 14, 1865, as of Company G, Sixth Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, at Cleveland, Ohio. Andrews, Robert — Age, 38 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company C, September 17, 1864; absent, sick, in hospital, at muster out of company. Anglicker, Bernard — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 3, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861; discharged for disability, January 15, 1863;, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Annis, Alonzo — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; mustered out, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Ai'LiN, Horace W. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran. December 14, 1863 ; transferred to New York Volunteers 171 Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Apthorp, Thomas — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, Septem- ber 10, 1861 ; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House. Virginia; died of his wounds, June 21, 1864, at General Hospital, Alexandria, Virginia. Arbor, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years; and mustered in as private. Company E, September 16, 1862; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, near Spottsylvania, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Arkison, Thomas — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Ash- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; transferred to Com- pany A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Armenslo, John — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Ashville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 12, 1862. Armstrong, George — ^Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F, September 2, 1861 ; deserted, September 10, 1861, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Armstrong, William — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; wounded in action, April 2, 1865, near Petersburg, Virginia; discharged, June 3, 1865, at Stanton Hospital, Washington, D. C. Arnold, Lucius — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; transferred to Com- pany D, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, March 16, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. AsPELL, James — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Atherly, Rollin D. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Ash- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861; transferred to Company K, November 1, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; transferred to Company D. September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Austin, William H. — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as wagoner, Company D, Sep- tember 10, 1861 ; discharged for disability, April 21, 1862. Babcock, Amos — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; promoted corporal. May 14. 1865; mustered out, June 16, 1865, with detachment, at Washington. D. C. 172 History of the 49th Regiment Bacon, Edwin — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Bufifalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; captured in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date; died, January 6, 1865, at Camp Parole, Annap- olis, Maryland. Bacon, Leander — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; sick in hospital, April 30, 1863; discharged, no date. Bagley, Alonzo — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, June 16, 1865, with detachment, at Washington, D. C. Bagnall, Samuel A. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1862; promoted sergeant, September 1, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; promoted commissary sergeant, September 18, 1864; mustered out, June 16, 1865, with detachment, at Washington, D. C. Bailey, Henry — Age, 22 jears. Enlisted at Eden, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, March 31, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bailey, Nelson — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, Septem- ber 3, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bailey, Willard W. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 23, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Sep- tember 24, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, February 11, 1864; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; absent, sick in hospital at muster out of company. Baker, Charles — Age, 15 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as fifer, Company G, September 13, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Baker, Frank — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Company H, August 31, 1861; promoted sergeant, March 30, 1862; captured in action, October 10, 1863, at Cedar Mountain, Virginia; paroled, March 21, 1864; mustered out, October 10, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Baker, James A.— Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861; promoted corporal. May 1, 1862; wounded in action, Decem- ber 14, 1862, at Fredericksburg, Virginia ; died of his wounds, January 20, 1863, at Armory Square Hospital, Washington, D. C. Baker, Jerome P.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12. 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; died of disease, November 12, 1862. New York Volunteers 173 Baker, John G. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, November 14, 1861 ; dis- charged, October 7, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Baldwin, Ebenezer — Age, 39 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; discharged for disability, April 29, 1862. Ball, Samuel — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, June 2, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Ballard, John — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, February 22, 1865 ; mus- tered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Ballou, Schuyler S. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Lockport, to serve three years, and mustered in as musician. Company H, September 16, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Ballou, Stephen D. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Septem- ber 13, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Banker, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Portches- ter, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861 ; wounded in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; dis- charged for his wounds, October 8, 1864. Banker, William — Age, Z] years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861; deserted, September 15, 1863, at South Mountain, Mary- land. Baquet, Nicholas — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, September 7, 1861 ; killed in action, July 6, 1863, at Fairfield, Pennsylvania. Barbauld, Barton C— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; missing in action, June 27. 1862, on retreat to Harrison's Land- ing, Virginia; no further record. Barbell, George — Age. — years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, January 10, 1863; discharged for disability, March 26, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Barber, Frank W. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, Septem- ber 9, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 9, 1862, at Convalescent Camp, Alexandria, Virginia. Barbour, George W.— Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Stock- ton, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861; discharged for disability, July 26, 1862. 174 History of the 49th Regiment Barhman, John — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 4, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran December 16, 1863 ; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; no further record. Barger, Fred C. — Age, 19 years. Enrolled, August 8, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company G, August 30, 1861; promoted second lieutenant, April 29, 1862; mustered in as first lieutenant, September 2, 1862; wounded in action, December 13, 1862, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; discharged by order of the Secretary of War on account of disability from wounds received in action, May 11, 1864; commissioned second lieutenant. May 19, 1862, with rank from April 29, 1862, vice S. H. Terry, promoted; first lieutenant, November 11, 1862, with rank from September 2, 1862, vice Terry, promoted. Barlow, Henry E. — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Som- erset, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company H. Septem- ber 13, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 12, 1862, at General Hos- pital, Annapolis, Maryland. Barnard, Selah E. — Age, 34 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, August 31, 1861 ; deserted, September 19, 1861, at Park Barracks, New York City. Barnes, James — Age, 39 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, June 13, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 21, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Barnes, Joseph — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 13, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; deserted, July 16, 1864, at Leesburg, Virginia. Barnes, William H. — Age, ZZ years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F, January 29, 1862; died of disease, November 9, 1862, at hospital, Hagerstown, Maryland. Barney, Thomas — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 15, 1863; captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany A, September 17, 1864; absent, prisoner of war, at muster out of company. Barray, Garret — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861; discharged for disabihty, April 28, 1862, at Washington, D. C; subsequent service in Company M, First Artillery. Bartell, John R. — Private, Thirty-third Infantry; captured in action, May 3, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date ; discharged, June 16, 1865. Bartholomew, Harley — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; returned to ranks in September, 1862 ; promoted cor- New York Volunteers 175 poral in March, 1863; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Bartholomew, Perry — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company K, September 18, 1861; discharged for disability, December 30, 1861. Bartlett, Albert A. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861; wounded in action, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland; discharged for wounds, April 3, 1863. Barton, Amasa F. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, September 21, 1862, in Satterlee Hospital, Philadel- phia, Pennsylvania. Barton, David — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Mina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, no date, at hospital, Georgetown, D. C. Barton, Ephraim — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 24, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, October 25, 1862 ; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with com- pany, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Barton, Jesse — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; dishonorably discharged, June 17, 1865. Bateman, Junior, Michael — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861; deserted, September 19, 1861, at Park Barracks, New York City. Baylis, Jefferson — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, August 31, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Com- pany E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Baylis, John R. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, August 31, 1861 ; promoted corporal, March 3, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, Decem- ber 26, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Beach, Cyrus — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; transferred to First New York Independent Battery, December 11, 1863. Beach, Henry N. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 20, 1862. Beach, Loomis J. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 18, 1862, at Ellery, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 9, 1862; discharged for disability, January 9, 1863, at camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. 12 176 History of the 49th Regiment Beach, Walter A. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for accidental wound, October 4, 1862, at Bakersville, Maryland. Beach, William E. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; promoted sergeant, April 25, 1864; transferred to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Vir- ginia; promoted first sergeant, June 17, 1865; mustered out with company, June 21, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bear, Samuel — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, January 29, 1862 ; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, January 29, 1865. Beatson, Boswell — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, same date ; discharged, October 23, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia ; again enlisted and mustered in as private. Company E, January 2, 1864; promoted sergeant, April 25, 1864; no further record. Beatson, Junior, Robert — Age, 18 j^ears. Enlisted, Junuary 29, 1864, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, Janu- ary 30, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; killed in action, September 19, 1864, at Opequon, Virginia. Beattie, George — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Orange, to serve one year, and mustered in as private, unassigned, February 22, 1865 ; no further record. Becker, Alexander — ^Age, 43 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, September 13, 1862; trans- ferred to Invalid Corps, December 15, 1863; discharged, June 29, 1865, at Albany, New York. Bedell, Charles P. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, December 18, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company I, Decem- ber 28, 1861; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out' with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Beedle, John — First ser-^eant. Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company I, this regiment, as sergeant, October 1, 1863; promoted. May 3, 1864, to first lieutenant. One Hundred and Eighth New York Volunteers. ,'Beehler, Frank — .\ge, 24 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to' serve' three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; w^oundcd in action. May 10, 1864, near Spottsylvania Court I louse, Virginia; discharged, August 23, 1864, at Rochester, New York. Bego, John — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, near Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. New York Volunteers 177 Behle, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, February 3, 1863, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, February 26, 1862 ; discharged February 3, 1865. Behr, Andrew — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 30, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 31, 1861; deserted in IMay, 1862, at Buffalo. New York. Bell, Alexander — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Sheldon, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company G, July 20, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bell, Lewis — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 1, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bennett, Lewis — Age, 33 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, April 26, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; killed in action, September 19, 1864, at Opequon, Virginia. Bennett, Stephen M. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, near Fort Stevens, D. C. ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, August 12, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bennett, Thomas — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, June 2, 1864, at Cold Harbor, Virginia; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Benchley, Hayden — Age, 33 years. Enlisted at Jamestown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company K, November 18, 1861 ; discharged, November 20, 1862. Benson, Henry — Age, 50 years. Enrolled, February 5, 1863, at Albany, to serve three years ; mustered in as chaplain, February 17, 1863 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York ; commissioned chaplain, Feb- ruary 18, 1863, with rank from February 5, 1863, vice John Bowman, resigned. Benson, Horace R. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; re-enlistcd as a veteran, December 13, 1863; died of small-pox, December 23, 1863. at Brandy Station, Virginia. Benson, Robert P. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 27, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1862; piomoted corporal, August 15, 1863; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, near Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; returned to ranks, April 1, 1865; no record subsequent to April 30, 1865. 178 History of the 49th Regiment Benzinger, Conrad — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, August 28, 1862; discharged for disability, September 17, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, Virginia. Benzinger, Ferdinand — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spott- sylvania Court House, Virginia; absent, wounded, at muster out of company. Berg, H. Henry — Age, 31 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company H, October 1, 1862; trans- ferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bergman, Jacob — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 14, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; wounded, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek Virginia ; absent, sick in hospital, at muster out of company. Berndt, Mathias — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, February 1, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; killed in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Beyer, George — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company H, November 29, 1862; deserted, July 17, 1863, at Boonsboro, Maryland. Beyer, George — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 24, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, September 26, 1861 ; died of disease, November 5, 1862, at Third Division Hospital, Alex- andria, Virginia. BiCKFORD, Myron H. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, no date, at. Fortress Monroe, Virginia. BiDWELL, Charles Howell — Age, 20 years. Enrolled, September 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant, Company F, October 21, 1861 ; as first lieutenant, October 22, 1861 ; dis- charged for disability, June 21, 1862; prior service as sergeant. Company B, Twenty-first New York Infantry ; not commissioned second lieutenant ; commissioned first lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from October 21, 1861, original. BiDWELL, Daniel Davidson — Age, 42 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as colonel, October 21, 1861 ; mustered out, August 18, 1864; appointed brigadier general; killed at Cedar Creek, Virginia, October 19, 1864. Commissioned colonel. January 20, 1862, with rank from September 18, 1861, original. Bingenheimer, Philip — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, November 10, 1862; deserted, July 15, 1863, at Boonsboro, Maryland. Birch, Zebeler — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, General Bidwell Monument in Forest Lawn Cemetery, Buffalo, New York New York Volunteers 179 1861 ; captured in action, October 15, 1863, near Fairfax Court House, Vir- pnia; paroled. May 12, 1864; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Blackmen, Benjamin F.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 27, 1862, at Alexandria, Virginia. Blakeslie, Henry D. — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 10, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Bliss, Wiluam T. — Age, 32 years. Enrolled, August 4, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; mustered in as second lieutenant, Company F, October 9, 1862; dismissed, to date June 16, 1863. Commissioned sec- ond lieutenant, October 24, 1862, with rank from October 6, 1862, vice Ris- ley H. Brigham, resigned. Blodgett, Alonzo F. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, Sep- tember 4, 1861 ; died of fever, September 27, 1862, at Mill Creek, Virginia. Bloomfield, William — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F, September 22, 1861 ; died of disease, September 25, 1862, at hospital, Annapolis Junction, Maryland. Boast, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, January 30, 1864; killed in action. May 5, 1864, at Wilderness, Virginia. BoDEMANN, Christian — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 31, 1863; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. BoEHM, Henry — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, September 20, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; killed in trenches by sharpshooters, June 5, 1864, at Cold Harbor, Virginia. BoiCE, Richard — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. BoLAND, George — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, October 6, 1862; sergeant, February — , 1863; first ser- geant, December 5, 1863; returned to ranks, April 25, 1864; promoted first sergeant, no date; captured in action, June 25, 1864, at Ream's Station, Virginia; paroled and discharged, no dates. True name, Michael P. Walsh. Bolster, Amos S.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company A, September 180 History of the 49th Regiment 9, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; promoted corporal, August 24, 1864; sergeant, April 22, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bolton, Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861; deserted, July 17, 1863, at Hagerstown, Maryland. BoNAMAN, Henry — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 15, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 20, 1861; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. BoNTA, Jacob — Age, 33 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, January 3, 1863 ; deserted, June 1, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia. BooNE, William C. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Septem- ber 14, 1861 ; died of disease, October 28, 1862, at Hagerstown, Maryland. BooRN, Charles N. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 18, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, August IS, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, Decem- ber 16, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; died, November 22, 1864, in hospital. BoRCHARD, Edward — Age 19 years. Enlisted, January 16, 1864, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, January 19, 1864; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; dis- charged for disability, no date ; veteran. BoRCHERDT, JuLius C. — Age, 22 years. Enrolled, August 20, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; promoted hospital steward, September 24, 1861 ; mustered in as second lieutenant. July 12, 1862; mustered out, to date. October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Commissioned second lieutenant, August 30, 1862, with rank from July 11, 1862, vice Emil Koehler, resigned. Bosco, Neale — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 5, 1864; no further record. Boss, Henry S. — Private, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Com- pany K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to One Hundred and Twelfth Company, Second Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps, February 18, 1864. BouGHTON. William De Lancey — Age, 22 years. Enrolled, September 10, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as first sergeant. Company H, September 16, 1861 ; promoted second lieutenant, March 30, 1862; mustered in as first lieutenant, August 3, 1862; wounded in action, May 4, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia; mustered out October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Commissioned second lieutenant, April 5, 1862, with rank from March 30, 1862, vice Henry D. Hall, promoted; first lieu- tenant, October 11, 1862, with rank from August 3, 1862, vice Henry D. Hall, resigned. BouLLES, William E.— Private. Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; promoted ser- geant, no date; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. New York Volunteers 181 BouTWELL, Daniel — Age, 19 years. Place, date and term of enlistment not stated; mustered in as private. Company G, July 26, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. BowEN, Andrew J. — Age, 32 years. Enrolled, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as first lieutenant, Company K, September IS, 1861 ; discharged for disability, April 19, 1862. Commis- sioned first lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 18, 1861, original. Bowers, James — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 7, 1861 ; deserted, June 4, 1862, at camp on the Chickahominy River, Virginia. Bowman, John — Age, place, date and enrollment as chaplain not stated; discharged for disability, April 27, 1862. Commissioned chaplain, March 24, 1862, with rank from October 20, 1861, original. BoYCE, Philip G. — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; transferred to Com- pany A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. BoYDE, James A. — Age, 25 years. Enrolled, September 16, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as second lieutenant. Company I, October 21, 1861; as quartermaster, June 23, 1862; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Commissioned second lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 20, 1861, original; first lieutenant and quartermaster, June 23, 1862, with rank from June 14, 1862, vice Henry D. Tillinghast deceased. Boyle, Barney — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Boyle, Barney H. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company H, December 1, 1862; trans- ferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Brackney, Jay — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; transferred to Com- pany D, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, October 1, 1864; mustered out with company, June 21, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bradford, Oliver — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, May 23, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bkagg, Lewis — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 13, 1862. Brann, Adam — Age, 28 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, September 4, 1862; wounded in 182 History of the 49th Regiment action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; discharged for disability, February 26, 1865. Brannon, Stephen — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Sep- tember 12, 1861 ; deserted in September, 1861, at Buffalo, New York. Brant, Frederick — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Carroll, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company K, August 26, 1862 ; deserted, June 7, 1863, near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Brant, John — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as priviate. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 29, 1863, at hospital, Alexandria, Virginia. Brazee, Andrew W. — Age, 35 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as first lieutenant, Company H, September 9, 1861; as captain, March 30, 1862; as major, August 4, 1864; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Commissioned first lieutenant January 20, 1862, with rank from September 6, 1861, original; captain, April 5, 1862, with rank from March 30, 1862, vice Charles H. Moss, deceased ; major, August 12, 1864, with rank from August 4, 1864, vice William Ellis, died. Brendel, Joseph — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, September 24, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, September 25, 1861; discharged for disability, October 24, 1862, at Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania. Brendel, Peter — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, unassigned, September 4, 1862 ; no further record. Brigham, Risley H. — Age, 29 years. Enrolled, September 6, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as commissary sergeant, Octo- ber 21, 1861; returned to ranks. Company I, February 28, 1862; promoted corporal, April 23, 1862 ; mustered in as second lieutenant, Company F, July 1, 1862; discharged, October 6, 1862. Commissioned second lieuten- ant, July 18, 1862, with rank from June 21, 1862, vice Charles H. Hickmott, promoted. Brooker, John — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, June 16, 1865, with detachment at Washington, D. C. Brooks, Isaac — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, June 12, 1864; no further record. Brooks, Martin — Mustered in as private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Brooks, Thomas — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 18, 1862, at Carroll, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company K, August 25, 1862; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; died of his wounds, May 28, 1864, in hospital at Washington, D. C. New York Volunteers 183 Brown, Adam — Age, 39 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, unassigned, September 5, 1862 ; no further record. Brown, Adolph C. — Age, 16 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as musician. Company B, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, January 27, 1862, at Camp Grififin, Virginia. Brown, George H. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; promoted sergeant, April 25, 1864; reduced to corporal, no date; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; promoted sergeant, June 6, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Brown, James — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, January, 1862; deserted, February 2, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Brown, Philip — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; died of disease, September 22, 1862, in hospital at Annapolis Junction, Maryland. Brown, Thomas — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 17, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 20, 1861; promoted corporal, August 17, 1862; discharged, May 21, 1864. Brown, Varnum — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, August 5, 1864; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; absent with leave at muster out of company. Brown, William — Enlisted at Otto, and mustered in as private. Company A, July 2, 1864; deserted, September 19, 1864, at Winchester, Virginia. Brownell, Charles P. — Age, 39 years. Enlisted, August 30, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 31, 1861 ; promoted corporal and sergeant, no dates ; returned to ranks, July 28, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, January 1, 1864; transferred to United States Navy, no date. Brownell, Leverett B. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, August 17, 1862 ; discharged. May 19, 1863, at camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. Bruggeman, Frank — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, January 16, 1864; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington D. C, Bruner, John — Age, 41 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, December 24, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; discharged for disability, December 5, 1864; veteran. 184 History of the 49th Regiment Brunier, Horace — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 7, 1861 ; deserted from Company G, Thirty-third Infantry; returned to that regiment in September, 1861, by order of Colonel Daniel Davidson Bidwell. Bryant, William — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, November 21, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. BucKELEW, Francis — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at New York City, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company C, January 28, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. BuDD, Hiram — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; captured in action. May 3, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia ; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date; discharged June 16, 1865. BuGBEE, George C. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; mustered out, October 10, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Bugbee, James A. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; died of disease, October 25, 1862, at Fairfax Seminary Hospital, Virginia. Bull, William S. — Age, 20 years. Enrolled at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as second lieutenant, Company E, March 25, 1862; as first lieutenant and adjutant, October 4, 1862; discharged, April 8, 1863. Commissioned second lieutenant, March 24, 1862, with rank from March 24, 1862, vice Alexander Cain, resigned; first lieutenant and adjutant, December 27, 1862, with rank from October 4, 1862, vice George Holden Selkirk, promoted ; subsequent service, first lieutenant. Twelfth New York Battery. BuLLYMORE, WiLLiAM — Age, 19 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as first lieutenant and adjutant, September 15, 1861 ; died of disease in May, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Vir- ginia. Commissioned first lieutenant and adjutant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 5, 1861, original. BuNDSCHU, John — Age, 40 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, September 30, 1861 : no further record. BuRCKHARDT, JuLius — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, August 26, 1862; wounded. May 10, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; captured, March 27, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia; paroled, March 31. 1865; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. BuRGiN, James — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, January 3, 1863 ; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. ; veteran. New York Volunteers 185 Burke, Dennis — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Randolph, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, February 10, 1864; no further record. Burke, Thomas — Age, 2)7 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 26, 1861 ; deserted, September 18, 1861, at New York City. Burnet, George W. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Burnham, Henry — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; discharged for disability, December 30, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Burtch, Walter — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, no date, at Washington, D. C. Burton, Emory E.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Septem- ber 14, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 9, 1862, at White Oak Church, Virginia; subsequent service in Company A, Eighth Artillery. Bush, Asa — Age, 37 years. Enlisted at Jamestown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company K, August 25, 1862; discharged for disability, January 17, 1863, at camp, near White Oak Church Virginia. Bush, Chandler B. — Age, 40 years. Enlisted at Elba, to serve one year, and mustered in as private. Company B, August 9, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Bush, Eli C. — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; dishonorably discharged, January 2. 1864. Bush, William — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 9, 1861 ; promoted corporal December 20, 1861 ; died of diphtheria, March 20, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Busher, Albert W. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps November 15, 1863. Butler, William — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, May 25, 1864; no further record. Butterson, Frank — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, September 20, 1862, at Sharpsburg, Maryland. Cady, Edwin A. — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; discharged for disability, November 14, 1863, at Hammond Hospital, Point Lookout, Maryland. 186 History of the 49th Regiment Cady, James — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; promoted corporal May 4, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded and captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; no further record. Cain, Alexander — Age, 32 years. Enrolled, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as first sergeant. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted second lieutenant January 25, 1862 ; discharged for disability, February 11, 1862. Commissioned second lieutenant, January 23, 1862, with rank from December 18, 1861, vice William Ellis, promoted. Calderwood, Hugh A. — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; killed in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Caldwell, Arthur L. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 7, 1861 ; promoted corporal, March 26, 1862 ; deserted, November 2, 1862, at Petersville, Maryland. Callahan, Peter — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; transferred to the Navy, no date. Calvin, James B. — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 16, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 28, 1863, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Campbell, James — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 16, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, May 20, 1862, at Columbia Hospital, Washington, D. C. Campbell, John W. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, November 14, 1862, in hospital, Hagerstown, Maryland. Canfield, Albert G. — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, December 27, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, December 28, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, November 15, 1863. Canning, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 4, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Caple, Robert — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, September 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company D, September 13, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 23, 1862. Carlev, James — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, September 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 18, 1861; promoted corporal, same date; sergeant, February 1, 1862; deserted in July, 1862, from Carver Hospital, Washington, D. C. New York Volunteers 187 Carney, James — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 5, 1861 ; deserted, September 11, 1861, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Carpenter, Elial Foote — Age, 34 years. Enrolled, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant. Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted first lieutenant, April 19, 1862; discharged, September 19, 1862; subsequent service as lieutenant colonel, One Hundred and Twelfth New York Infantry. Commissioned second lieutenant, Janu- ary 20, 1862, with rank from September 18, 1861, original; first lieutenant. May 13, 1862, with rank from April 19, 1862, vice Andrew J. Bowen, resigned. Carpenter, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; dishonorably discharged, June 9, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Carpenter, Thomas R. — Age, 44 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, September 10, 1862; wounded in action, December 13, 1862, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out, June 16, 1865, with detachment at Washington, D. C. Carr, Thomas — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; died of disease, January 24, 1863, at Sugar Grove, Pennsylvania. Carroll, James M. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, February 2 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Carroll, John — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Carson, James H. — Age, 26 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, December 28, 1861 ; died. May 7, 1862, at Young's Mills, Virginia. Carter, John — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Brooklyn, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, December 27, 1864; no further record. Carver, Stephen T. — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, September 7, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 5, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, Virginia. Casey, John P. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 9, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 29, 1863, at Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania. Cathcart, Rodney S. — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as quartermaster-sergeant, October 21, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 14, 1862. Catlin, George R. — Private, Company , Thirty-third Infantry; cap- tured in action, May 3, 1863, at Chancellorsville, Virginia; transferred to 188 History of the 49th Regiment Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; paroled, no date; transferred to Compan}' C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Chamberlain, Spencer S.— Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 9, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Chapin, Enoch — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 30, 1861 ; died of consumption, November 2, 1862, at Union Hall Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. Chapin, Gilbert C. — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 8, 1861 ; died of convulsions, October 8, 1862, at Bakersville, Maryland. Chipperfield, John C. — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Buffalo to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company H, December 18, 1862; trans- ferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Christler, George — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Warsaw, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company G, July 20, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Chubbuck, Job W. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 30, 1861, at Stock- ton, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, October 13, 1862, in hospital at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Church, Henry W. — Age, 23 years. Enrolled at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as sergeant-major September 16, 1861; promoted second lieutenant. Company C, March 20, 1862; dismissed, October 4, 1862, for absent without leave. Commissioned second lieutenant, March 12, 1862, with rank from January 24, 1862, vice William Theodore Wiggins, promoted. Churchwell, Joseph C. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 4, 1861; wounded in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; mustered out, October 18, 1864; at Buffalo, New York. Churchwell, Sylvester B. — Age, 38 years. Enrolled, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as first sergeant. Company C, September 4, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered in as second lieutenant, Company B, Janu- ary 14, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned second lieutenant, January 26, 1865, with rank from January 14, 1865, vice Jacob Vosburg, not reported. Claghorn, Austin — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 10, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 26, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Clapp, Charles E. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 5, 1862; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. New York Volunteers 189 Clark, Andrew — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, June 6, 1864; no further record. Clark, Arby S. — Age, 21 years. EnHsted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; promoted corporal, January 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, March 25, 1864; promoted sergeant, November 23, 1864; munstered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Clark, Harvey — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 2, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 20, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Clark, John W. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 30, 1862, at Chester Hospital, Chester, Pennsylvania. Clark, Michael — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Clearwater, Johnson — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 13, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C Clemens, Charles L. B. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861 ; deserted in August, 1862, at hospital. Cline, Benjamin — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Brooklyn, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, December 27, 1864; no further record. Cloos, Nicolas — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 17 , 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; sick in hospital, April 30, 1863 ; discharged, no date. Clunev, Thomas — Age, 24 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant. Company A, August 24, 1861; as first lieutenant, November 2, 1861; as captain, April 14, 1862; dismissed. May 2, 1864; disability removed, March 3, 1865; mustered out, June 27, 1865. Commissioned second lieutenant, September 30, 1861, with rank from September 6, 1861, original; first lieutenant, January 3, 1862, with rank from November 6, 1861, vice Philip S. Cottle, promoted; captain, April 19, 1862, with rank from April 14, 1862, vice Philip S. Cottle, resigned; captain, March 6, 1865, with rank from May 2, 1864, vice Thomas Cluney, dismissed; lieutenant colonel. May 17, 1865, with rank from April 3, 1865, vice George Holden Selkirk, promoted, not mustered. Coaxes, Richard — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 6, 1863, at Annapolis, Maryland. 190 History of the 49th Regiment Cole, Albert — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, November 18, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, November 19, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 13, 1863; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; discharged, November 19, 1864. Coleman, Alphonso T. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Somerset, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Sep- tember 13, 1861 ; discharged for disability, April 18, 1863, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; subsequent service as farrier. Second Mounted Rifles. Collingborn, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 30, 1861 ; deserted, September 8, 1861, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Collingwood, Ralph — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, same date; sergeant, January 1, 1863; deserted in February, 1864, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Collins, William — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, November 25, 1861 ; discharged, no date. CoLLis, Albert — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 2, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. CoLLis, Ashley — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, September 3, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; promoted corporal, February 6, 1864; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Colt, Samuel B. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Lockport, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company H, September 30, 1861 ; deserted, October 14, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. CoLviN, Luther — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, September 3, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Conger, Jonas F. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, September 12, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; died of scorbutus, September 16, 1864, while a prisoner of war ; buried at Andersonville, Georgia. Grave No. 8919. CoNKLiN, Henry M. — Age, years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; no further record. Conley, Hiram L.— Age, 30 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 28, 1862. Conley, William W. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August New York Volunteers 191 30, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany A, September 17, 1864; paroled, December 13, 1864; mustered out, July 17, 1865, at Albany New York. Connors, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 11, 1864; no further record. CoNRADT, Simon — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, June 3, 1862. CoNROE, James M. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 21, 1863, at Washington, D. C. Cook, James — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, November 25, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Cook, Walter S. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Panama, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, October 30, 1862, at Panama, New York. Cook, William — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, September 22, 1862 ; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Cooper, Arthur — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, September 5, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, January 1, 1864; promoted corporal, .-^pril 25, 1864; killed in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. CooNEY, Patrick — Corporal, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. Counradt, James E. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, April 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; killed, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Corbit, Louis — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three jears ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; deserted, September 16, 1861, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Corby, Bernard — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 8, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out, June 13, 1865, at White Hall Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. CoRR, James — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 30, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H. August 31, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 10, 1862, at New Baltimore, Virginia. Cottle, Philip S. — Age, 45 years. Enrolled, July 29, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company A, August 24, 13 192 History of the 49th Regiment 1861 ; as captain, November 7, 1861 ; discharged for disability, April 1, 1862. Commissioned first lieutenant, September 30, 1861, with rank from Sep- tember 6, 1861, original; captain, January 3, 1862, with rank from November 6, 1861, vice Henry N. March, resigned. CouNRADT, Joseph — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, November 26, 1862; sergeant, April 1, 1863; first sergeant, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company C, to date, August 11, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned first lieutenant, September 9, 1864, with rank from July 27, 1864, vice Henry H. Ingalsbee, promoted. Courtney, James H. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; transferred to Company E, November 1, 1861 ; deserted, June 19, 1863, at Fairfax Court House, Virginia. CousLAND, Joseph — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 5, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 7, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; absent, sick in hospital, at muster out of company. CovEL, Junior, Cyrus — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; died October 21, 1862, at Annapolis, Maryland. Cowan, William H. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, September 18, 1861; promoted regimental commissary sergeant, February 28, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered in as first lieutenant and adjutant, July 9, 1864; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Commissioned first lieutenant, June 23, 1864, with rank from June 10, 1864, vice Hermann Haase, killed; not commissioned as adjutant. CowDEN, George — Age, 36 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1862, at Poland, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 9, 1862; discharged for disability, September 6, 1863, at camp, near Warrenton, Virginia. CowDEN, MiLTON J. — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861; promoted corporal, no date; sergeant, July 17, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; captured, August 22, 1864, near Charlestown, Virginia ; died, no date, a prisoner. CowDEN, Robert J.— Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted corporal, March 1, 1863; captured, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, D. C. ; paroled, February 22, 1865, at Richmond, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. CowEN, George A.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. New York Volunteers 193 CowLES, Daniel F. — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, February 25, 1864, at Troy, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, unassigned, March 2, 1864 ; no further record. Craft, Charles — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Cheektowaga, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 5, 1864; mustered out with Company E, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Craine, Desmond — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; paroled, April 18, 1865; mustered out, June 27, 1865, while on furlough. Crandall, Alonzo J. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Cheektowaga, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, January 11, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Crawford, William — Age, 28 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, August 29, 1861 ; deserted, September 27, 1861, at Washington, D. C. Creed, Cornelius — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, February 28, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Cregger, James — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, March 31, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Crissey, Sardis L. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Stock- ton, to serve thre years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 1, 1863, at camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. Crissey, Wilson H. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, November 9, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, November 21, 1861 ; discharged, September 22, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Critchel, William — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Cronyn, Charles D. H. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863; deserted, February 5, 1864, on expiration of furlough, at Buffalo, New York. Cross, George W. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Dun- kirk, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician. Company I, Septem- ber 10, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever. May 10, 1862, at Yorktown, Virginia. Crouch, Leon — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private Company A, August 24, 1861 ; deserted, August 31, 1863. 194 History of the 49th Regiment Culver, George W.— Age, 24 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, Sep- tember 13, 1861 ; died of smallpox, March 19, 1863, at Lovel Hospital, Ports- mouth Grove, Rhode Island. Cunningham, Joseph — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 4, 1861; discharged, December 8, 1862, at Belle Plain, Virginia. CuRRAN, Thomas — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1864, at New- fane, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, Sep- tember 29, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washing- ton. D. C. Cutler, John R.— Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; captured in action. May 3, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Vir- ginia; paroled, no date; discharged, June 16, 1865. Daniel, Daniel — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, September 17, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, September 18, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Darby, John A.— Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company A, August 24, 1861; promoted sergeant, January 16, 1862; discharged for disabiUty, November 3, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Darragan, Richard — Age, 18 years. EnHsted, August 1, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as drum major, October 21, 1861; died in October, 1862, at Buffalo, New York. Dart, Jonathan — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Daugherty, Patrick — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, August 26, 1861; died of disease, December 1, 1862, at Newark, New Jersey. Dauton, John — Age, 26 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, December 12, 1861 ; re-en- listed as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washmg- ton, D. C. Davis, Augustus — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, December 15, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three vears : mustered in as private. Company A, December 20, 1862; discharged for disability, August 10, 1863, at Washington, D. C. Davis, Henry — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Newfane, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 1, 1864; no further record. Davis, Theophilus T.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, January 13, 1864, at Java to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company E, January 14, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; absent, sick m hospital at muster out of company. New York Volunteers 195 Dawson, Hamer — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; died of his wounds, June 16, 1864. Day, Charles — Age, 32 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve balance of term, and mustered in as private. Company C, August 30, 1862; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Dayton, Gilbert — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as pri- vate. Company C, not stated ; no record subsequent to July 3, 1862. Dayton, Henry — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Sep- tember 4, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Dayton, Willett — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, *:o serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Septem- ber 4, 1861 ; discharged, no date, at White Oak Church, Virginia. De Fort, Stephen Morris — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, Sep- tember 2, 1861 ; discharged for disability, August 29, 1863, at Washington, D. C. Denmark, Amenzo — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; killed in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Denton, William — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C. Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. De Plaa, Bastin — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out, June 27, 1865, at Rochester, New York. Dette, Theodore J. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F, September 2, 1862 ; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Devering, Peter — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; deserted September , 1862, near Bakersville, Maryland. Devine, Charles — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. Devine, James F. — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1862, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, September 10, 1862; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; to Company F, Twenty-first Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, no date, from which discharged, July 11. 1865. 196 History of the 49th Regiment Devit, Cornelius — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, September 5, 1861 ; dis- charged for disability, February 14, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, Virginia. Devlin, Daniel — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 28, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, October 5, 1863. Dewey, Orville S. — Enrolled as second lieutenant. Company A, April 14, 1862; discharged, November 26, 1862; prior service as first sergeant in Twenty-first New York Infantry. Commissioned second lieutenant. May 17, 1862, with rank from April 14, 1862, vice Franklin J. Foster, promoted. Dibble, Alvin H. — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 3, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; discharged, November 13, 1863. Dickinson, Raselas — Age, 52 years. Enrolled, August 6, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years ; mustered in as captain. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; discharged, October 12, 1861 ; died of paralytic stroke, October 12, 1861, at Union Hospital, Georgetown, D. C. Commissioned captain, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 7, 1861, original. DiETZ, George — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, September 2, 1862, near Alexandria, Virginia. Dietzel, Benjamin — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company F, August 26, 1861 ; returned to ranks, February 25, 1862 ; discharged for disability, November 6, 1862, at Baltimore, Maryland. Dill, John P. — Age, 43 years. Enlisted at Newstead, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, February 17, 1865 ; mus- tered out, October 25, 1865, at Buffalo, New York, to date, June 27, 1865. DiSBROw, Harrison — Age, 21 years. Enrolled, August 3, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as first sergeant, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; wounded in action, June 27, 1862, in front of Richmond, Virginia; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered in as second lieutenant, November 8, 1864; transferred to Company D, December 1, 1864; mustered in as first lieu- tenant. May 23. 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Commissioned second lieutenant, September 30, 1864, with rank from September 5, 1864, vice John P. McVeane, killed; first lieutenant, May 11, 1865, with rank from March 12, 1865, vice William J. Kaiser, pro- moted. DiTTMiKR, Christopher G. J. — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, September 1, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company F, September 4, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mus- tered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Donnelly, Thomas — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, Septem- ber 4, 1861 ; deserted from hospital, no date. New York Volunteers 197 DoNOGHEY, James — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, August 24, 1862, from Alexandria, Virginia. DooLiTTLE, Ezra — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861; discharged for disability, June 21, 1862. DooLiTTLE, William — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, Sep- tember 4, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a vetrean, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; died of his wounds, May 16. 1864. Dorr, Junior, Peter — Age. 19 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three jears ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 28, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Dorr, Senior, Peter — Age, 49 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, January 29, 1862 ; discharged for disability, March 1, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Doty, Howard B — Private, Company F. Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company D. this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. Doubleday, Francis M. — Age. 20 years. Enlisted, September 27, 1861, at Somerset, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, no date, at Annapolis, Maryland. DouD. William — .\ge. 25 years. Enlisted, March 12, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company I, March 31, 1862; deserted, October 3, 1862. from near Centerville. Virginia. Dougherty, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted. August 25, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C. Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 : captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia : died. August 3, 1864, at Andersonville, Georgia. Downes, William H. — Age, 32 years. Enlisted. August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; died of chronic diarrhoea, September 12, 1862, at hospital, Annapolis, Maryland. Doyle, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 20, 1861 ; discharged, March 13, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Doyle, Michael — Age, 22 years. Enlisted. August 13. 1861. at Buffalo, to serve three years : mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Drake, Jeremiah Clinton — Age, 37 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as captain. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; mustered out, .August 14. 1862, by promotion to colonel, One Hundred and Twelfth Infantry. Commissioned captain, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 5, 1861, original. 198 History of the 49th Regiment Drew, George W. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, August 22, 1862, at Hampton, Virginia. Driscoll, Michael — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Duck, Simon — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Jamestown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company K, February 1, 1863; deserted, June 20, 1863, from near Bristoe Station, Virginia. Duffy, James — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned. May 19, 1864; no further record. Duncan, Julius M. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, September 12, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, November 1, 1864; sergeant, June 17, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. DuNLEY, Thomas — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 4, 1861 ; deserted, no date, from hospital at Yorktown, Virginia. Durshordwe, Frederick — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, September 2, 1861 ; discharged for disability, June, 1862. Durst, Augustus I. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, Septem- ber 9, 1861 ; killed in action, May 4, 1863, near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Duryee, Eugene — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. DuTCHBONE, James — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as private. Company E, not stated ; absent at muster out of company, an inmate in the Government Insane Asylum, Washington, D. C. DuTTON, Henry A. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died. May 6, 1862, at Camp Winfield Scott, Virginia. DuTTON, Ira K. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; discharged for wounds, no date. DuTTON, Jonathan R. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, .\ugust 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; killed in action, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland. Dyer, David — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Eaton, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, February 16, 1865 ; mustered out, August 3, 1865, at Slough Hospital, Alexandria, Virginia. New York Volunteers 199 Eastman, Marvin J. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, Sep- tember 6, 1861 ; discharged, no date ; subsequent service as corporal. Company K, Second Mounted Rifles. Eaton, Joel H. — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 24, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Eaton, Ortus C. — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, March 21, 1864. Ebert, Michael — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; to Company B, September 17, 1864'; discharged, June 16, 1865. EcKERT, Henry — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 4, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; discharged, June 16i 1865. Edwards, William — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Einsfield, John P. — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, August 29, 1862; as second lieutenant. Company A, December 26, 1862; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Commissioned second lieutenant, December 26, 1862, with rank from December 26, 1862, vice Orville S. Dewey, resigned. Elder, John — -Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Elba, to serve years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, September 10, 1864; no further record. Elkins, William A.— Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Stock- ton, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, October 3, 1862, at Point Lookout, Maryland. Ellis, William — Age, 21 years. Enrolled, July 30, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years, mustered in as second lieutenant. Company E, August 28, 1861; promoted captain. Company C, January 25, 1862; mustered in as major, December 11, 1862; wounded, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; died of his wounds, August 3, 1864, in camp at Monocacy Creek, Maryland. Commissioned second lieutenant, September 30, 1861, with rank from September 5, 1861, original; captain, December 30, 1861, with rank from December 18, 1861, vice Charles H. Palmer, resigned; major, December 24, 1862. with rank from December 10, 1862, vice George Washington Johnson, promoted. Ellis, William. — Age. 11 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, December 27, 1862 ; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Ellord, Dennis — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 29. 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 31, 1861 ; deserted, September 10, 1861, from Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. 200 History of the 49th Regiment Elsworth, George B.— Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Company A, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability. May 31, 1862, at Mount Pleasant, Washington, D. C. Ely, Clark — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; wounded in action, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland; discharged for his wounds, November 13, 1862, at hospital. New York City. Ely, Junior, Samuel — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; returned to ranks, January 10, 1862 ; promoted corporal, January 14, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; promoted sergeant, September 17, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company. June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. EuscHER, August — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, January 2. 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, September 19, 1864, at Opequon, Virginia; absent at muster out of company. Evans, David M.— Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Evans, Junior, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Somerset, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, Sep- tember 16, 1861 ; discharged for disability. October 2, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Evans, Samuel — Age, date of enlistment, place, term and muster in as private. Company E, not stated; deserted, October 7, 1864. Everett Calvin D.— Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washmg- ton, D. C. Everhart, John — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal April 1. 1863; sergeant, August 15, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Company D. September 17, 1864; promoted first sergeant, September 25. 1864; mustered out with com- pany, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Every, Charles C— Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as sergeant. Company I, October 3, 1861 ; promoted first sergeant, no date; discharged, November 26, 1862, at Acquia Creek, Virginia; promoted to second lieutenant Forty-seventh Volunteers. Falconer, Rorert E.— Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal. Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted sergeant, May 1, 1862; captured in action, October 16, 1863, near Fairfax Court House, Virginia; paroled. May 12, 1864; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. New York Volunteers 201 Falk, Joseph — Age, 42 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, September 6, 1861 : discharged for disability, October 7. 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Faling, Horace — Age, 21 years. EnHsted, September 3, 1861, at IMedina, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company H, September 13, 1861 ; died of phthisic pulmonia, October 8, 1862, at Annapolis, Maryland. Faller, Nicholas — Age, 37 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability October 21, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Farnham, Benjamin E. — Age, 45 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 17, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 21, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Farr, Edson — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, November 1, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865 at Washington D. C. Farrar, Amos — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Compan}- G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability May 16, 1865, at Satterlee Hospital, West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Fees, Frederick — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, March 26, 1862; sergeant, September 11, 1862; wounded and captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Vir- ginia ; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; paroled, November 25, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Fegan, James — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged, January, 1864, at Rochester, New York. Ferguson, Abel C. — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Qymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 31, 1863; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Ferren, Edmund — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; promoted corporal, April 1, 1864; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Ferris, Charles — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 20, 1861 ; died, April 1, 1862, in hospital at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Ferris, Edgar — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 1, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; wounded in action, May 3. 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia ; 202 History of the 49th Regiment discharged for wounds, September 12, 1863, at McQellan Hospital, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania. Ferry, Albert — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1862, at Clymer, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, September 10, 1862; captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; died of bronchitis, July 22, 1864; buried at Andersonville, Georgia. Ferry, Asahel J. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 26, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Ferry, John L. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, no date. Finch, Josephus H. — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 20, 1861; promoted corporal December 1, 1861; sergeant, January 9, 1863; returned to ranks, February 28, 1864; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Fischer, Gottlo C. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, on expiration of sick leave, November, 1862, at Buffalo, New York. Fischer, John J. — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, September 1, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 2, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, October 1, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Fish, George A. — Age. 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company C, Septem- ber 4, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Fisher, Aaron C. — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company F, October 17, 1862; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; discharged for disability from wounds, July 21, 1864. Commissioned first lieutenant, November 11, 1862. with rank from October 16, 1862, vice Charles H. Hickmott, promoted. Fischer, French W. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 9. 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; promoted first sergeant March 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863; mustered in as second lieutenant, March 18, 1864; as first lieuten- ant, Company A, September 5, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia, and April 2, 1865, near Petersburg, Virginia; mustered out, June 27, 1865. Com- missioned second lieutenant, December 19, 1863, with rank from September 7, 1863, vice John C. White, promoted; first lieutenant, September 30, 1864. with rank from September 5, 1864. vice Reuben M. Preston, killed in action; cap- New York Volunteers 203 tain, May 17, 1865, with rank from April 1, 1865, vice Andrew W. Brazee, promoted; not mustered as captain. Fisher, Henry — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, April 10, 1865 ; no further record. Fitzgerald, Thomas — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Niagara, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, June 19, 1864; mustered out with company, June 21 , 1865, at Washington, D. C. FiTZPATRicK, Michael — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, November 20, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F. November 21, 1861; appointed wagoner, no date; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Fletcher, Thomas — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, November 13, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, November 26, 1862 ; returned to ranks, October 1, 1863 ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; discharged from hospital at expiration of term of service. Flummer, AIartin — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve one year, and mustered in as private, Company E, August 18, 1864; captured, March 27, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia; absent, exchanged prisoner, at muster out of company. Flynn, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 10, 1861; promoted corporal, September 1, 1862; discharged for disability, April 15, 1863, at camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. Folen, William H. H. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861 ; died, no date, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Foley, Adam — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran December 16, 1863; promoted sergeant, December 16, 1863; first sergeant, March 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; died of his wounds, May 8, 1864. Foley, John — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Warsaw, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 16, 1864 ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; deserted from hospital, November 22, 1864. Foley, William — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; absent, wounded, at muster out of company. FoLLis, John — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Lockport, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 4, 1864; no further record. Fond, William — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Alexander, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, September 28, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. 204 History of the 49th Regiment Forbes, Sherman — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company D, September 12, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. FoRSTER, Frederick — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company B, August 28, 1861 ; returned to ranks, no date; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsyl- vania Court House, Virginia; no further record. Forsyth, George — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged for disability, February 11, 1865. Foster, Charles — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 21, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Foster, Franklin J.- Age, 19 years. Enlisted, July 29, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as first sergeant. Company A, August 24, 1861; as second lieutenant, November 7, 1861; promoted first lieutenant, April 14, 1862; discharged, November 20, 1862. Commissioned second lieutenant, Janukry 3, 1862, with rank from November 6, 1861, vice Thoma.s Quney, promoted; first lieutenant, April 19, 1862, with rank from April 14, 1862, vice Thomas Cluney, promoted. Foster, John -Age, 32 years. Enlisted, July 29, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of disease, October 25, 1862, at Alexandria, Virginia. Fox Elias — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Mina, to serve three vears • mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 28, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virgmia. Fox, ELMOR-Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Somerset, to serCe three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 16, 1861 ; promoted corporal, November 1, 1862; captured in action. May 4. 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washmg- ton, D. C. Fox, John G.- Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve 'three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date; first sergeant in March, 1863 : re-enhsted as a veteran, December 25, 1863; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spot^yl- vania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; returned to ranks, November 7, 1864; discharged, August 16. 1865. Fraemiller, Philip -Age, 28 years. Enlisted at Le Roy. to serve three vears. and mustered in as private. Company E, August 20. 1864 ; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, September 19. 1864, at Opequon, Virginia; deserted, March 24, 1865. Fraenmieller, John -Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 3. 1861. at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company E, Septem- ber 5, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran. December 16, 1863; wounded m action, Mav 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company C, Sep- tember 17. 1864; to Second Battalion. Veteran Reserve Corps, April 5, 1865; mustered out, July 21, 1865, at Rochester, New York New York Volunteers 205 Framiller, Joseph — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, March 7, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Franke, Frederick — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years, mustered in as private, Company B, September 3, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered out with company June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Fredenburgh, Charles — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 4, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; killed in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Fredenburgh, Henry C. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, February 4, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Freeman, Charles — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; captured in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia ; paroled, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Freeman, Morley U. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer. to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, April 3, 1862, at Camp Winfield Scott, Virginia. Frei, John — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, February 24, 1862; promoted corporal, December 1, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, February 26, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington. D. C. French, Simon W. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, November 28, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, December 7, 1861 ; wounded in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia ; died of his wounds. May 31, 1863, at Judiciary Square Hospital, Washington, D. C. Frier, Frederick — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 4, 1862; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, D. C. ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, no date. Fries, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 30, 1862 ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detach- ment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Fuller, John — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Jamestown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company K, November 18, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, April 22, 1862, at Young's Mills, Virginia. 206 History of the 49th Regiment Fuller, Ludophicus W. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as wagoner. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; absent, on furlough, at muster out of company. Fuller, Perry W. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Allegany, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, July 1, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Funk, Charles — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 21, 1861, at Buflfalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, April 18, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, March 25, 1864; wounded, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. FuNKE, Christopher — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 21, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, Septem- ber 26, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; again wounded, September 21, 1864; absent, wounded, at muster out of company. Fuss, Mathias — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; died of diarrhoea, September 26, 1862, at Newport News, Virginia. Gafney, Charles — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, February 1, 1864. Gahrig, Philip — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Gardner, John C. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Lebanon, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, January 26, 1865 ; captured in action, April 2, 1865, near Petersburg, Virginia, and paroled, April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 21 , 1865, at Washington, D. C. Gardner, Thomas — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Warsaw, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 19, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out, July 13, 1865, at Mower Hospital, Philadelpliia, Pennsylvania. Gates, Oscar R. — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician. Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted drum major, September 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 13, 1863; mustered out with regiment, June 27, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. Gattie, Joseph — Age, 21 years. Enhsted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, January 2, 1863 ; killed in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Gauchat, Emil — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, September 2, 1862; wounded New York Volunteers 207 in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; promoted corporal, August, 1864; discharged, June 24, 1865, at Mount Pleasant Hospital, Wash- ington, D. C. Geelan, Barnett — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wildnerness, Virginia ; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; to Company I, First Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, from which discharged for disability, July 25, 1865. Geisler, Joseph — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 28, 1861 ; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. ; absent, in hospital, at muster out of company. Geller, Joseph — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, November 25, 1861 ; deserted, January 16, 1862, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Genther, Benedict — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 21, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. GouRLEY, James A. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; wounded, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out, August 12, 1865, at Washington, D. C. GiBBS, Walter — Corporal, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company A, this regiment. October 1, 1863; wounded. May 10, 1864; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. GiFFORD, Henry J. — Captain, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to captain, Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; to Company A, September 17, 1864; to Company E, April 15, 1865; mustered out, July 3, 1865, at Hall's Hill, Virginia. Commissioned captain, February 18, 1865, with rank from February 14, 1865, vice George Holden Selkirk, promoted. GiFFORD, N. C. Martin — Corporal, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. GiGER, Lawrence — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, September 13, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; appointed wagoner, no date; mustered out, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C GiGGLEY, Rudolph — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 11, 1861 ; absent, sick, at Sharpsburg, Maryland, at muster out of company. Gilbert, Simeon — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H. September 13, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, January 12, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Gillett, William H. — Private, Company H, — Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; killed in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. 14 208 History of the 49th Regiment Oilman, George W.- Age, 36 years. Enrolled, July 30, 1861 at Buffalo, to serve three vears ; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company E, August ^», 1861; discharged for disability, May 14, 1863. Commissioned first lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 5, 1861, ongmal. Glass, Joseph -Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, September 7, 1861; deserted, January 16, 1862, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Glenn, William - Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned. May 25, 1864; no further record. Glossender, Thomas -Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. 'goldschmidt, Julius -Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Buf- falo to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company t, August ^C, 1861; promoted corporal, December 1, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran December 26, 1863; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Goodwin, Phineas S.-Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 24, 1861 at Medina, to serve three years; mustered in as private Company H, Sep- tember 13, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, February 11, 1864; promoted corporal April 28, 1864; transferred to Company E, September 1/, l»M, mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. GORHAM, Edward L.- Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged, April 14, 1865. Gorham, Jerry G.-Age, 23 years. Enlisted September 9, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company I, September 10, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; killed in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. GoRSLiNE, Richard M.- Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 16 1^1, at Panama, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30 1861 ; died March 12, 1862, in hospital at Georgetown, D. C. GOTT Charles -Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Companv D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded and captured in action. Ma; 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; tran^^e^ed to Company B, September 17, 1864; died of rheumatism, February 7, 1865. and buried at Andersonville, Georgia. Grave No. 12,604. Graham, Peter -Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Busti to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G. August 30, 1861, transferred to Company I, September 21, 1861; discharged for disability. February 14, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, Virginia. ^ T A . ie ^..orc Fnlkted \ueust 6, 1861, at Buffalo. Grasshoff, John — Age, 18 years. H-niistea, .-AuguM u, ' .g,, to serve three vears; mustered in as private. Company E August 28, 1861 missing in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; no further record. New York Volunteers 209 Graves, Edwin A. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company I, August 28, 1861; wounded in action, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland; died of his wounds, September 24, 1862, at Hoffman House Hospital, Maryland. Graydon, Peter — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, July 31, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as wagoner. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; captured, June 27, 1862 ; paroled and prisoner at Parole Camp, April 10, 1863; no further record. Greely, Charles W. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Stockton, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; captured in action, May 4, 1863, near Fredericksburg, Virginia; paroled, November — , 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, no date. Greene, Gilbert J. — Age, 28 years. Enrolled, August 10, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company C, September 4, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 24, 1862. Commis- sioned first lieutenant, January 20, 1862 ; with rank from September 4, 1861, original. Green, James — Age, 17 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician, Company C, September 20, 1861; deserted, February 1, 1862, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Greene, Richard T. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861; deserted, March 11, 1863, from Buffalo, New York. Greenman, James — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, February 28, 1865 ; mus- tered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Greenman, Richard — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Sher- man, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, June 13, 1862, at hospital, Washington. D. C. Greenwood, William — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; to Veteran Reserve Corps, December 16. 1864. Gregg, Robert W. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted corporal, March 31, 1862; died of general debility, October 9, 1862, at hospital, Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Griffin, Thomas — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, April 5, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Griggs, Robert E. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted. September 2, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three \ears, and mustered in as fifer, Company F, September 7, 1861 ; returned to ranks, no date ; missed in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; no further record. 210 History of the 49th Regiment Grisley, John — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, August 15, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, Decem- ber 16, 1863; killed in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Griswold, James H.— Age, 18 years Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, Sep- tember 13, 1861 ; captured in action. May 4, 1863, near Fredericksburg, Vir- ginia; paroled, no date; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with com- pany, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Groce, Freeman — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864: mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Grover, Adoniram — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Company B, September 3, 1861 ; discharged, September 8, 1862. Grow, Nicholas — Age, 33 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, February 8, 1862; captured and paroled, no dates; re-enlisted as a veteran, February 13, 1864; trans- ferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. GuLA, Andrew — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861; killed in action, September 18, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland. Guire, Michael— Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, June 7, 1864, at Brandy Station, Virginia. Guire, Patrick — Private, Company H. Thirty-third Infantry; captured in action. May 3, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia ; transferred to Com- pany E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; transferred to Company C, Septem- ber 17, 1864; paroled, no date; discharged, June 16, 1865. GuiRY, Michael — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, September 9, 1861; dis- charged for disability, December 16, 1862, at Fort Wood, New York Harbor. Guth Philip — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Le Roy, to serve three years, and mu'stered in as private. Company C, August 20, 1864; mustered out with company. June 27. 1865, at Washington, D. C. Haas John F — Age. 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mu'stered in as private. Company F. September 2, 1862; captured in action Mav 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company C, September 17. 1864; died of scorbutus. November 10, 1864, at Andersonville, Georgia; grave No. 11,947. Haase. Hermann -Age, 26 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as sergeant. Company B, September 5, 1861; pro- moted first sergeant, April 10, 1862; mustered in as first lieutenant, June New York Volunteers 211 11, 1862; detailed as adjutant, March 11, 1863; killed in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Commissioned first lieuten- ant, July 18, 1862, with rank from June 12, 1862, vice Frederick Von Gayl, deceased; not commissioned adjutant; not mustered. Haase, Luther R. — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, October 1, 1864; sergeant, Janu- ary 1, 1865 ; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Hack, Nathan — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged for dis- ability, March 19, 1864, at Brandy Station, Virginia. Haegran, George — Age, 32 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve years, and mustered in as private, Company D, March 14, 1862; deserted, July 1. 1863. Haentges, John G. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, Septem- ber 14, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Hagart, Adam — Age, 38 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, September 2, 1862; no further record. Haight, Junior, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Somerset, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Sep- tember 13, 1861 ; discharged for disability. May 26, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Haines, Erasmus W. — Age, 36 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as captain. Company F, October 21, 1861 ; discharged, October 16, 1862. Commissioned captain, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 5, 1861, original. Hair, Lyman W. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; promoted first sergeant, June 7, 1865; ser- geant-major, June 17. 1865; mustered out with regimnt, June 27, 1865. at Washington, D. C. Haisbach, Frederick — Age, 39 years. Enlisted at Concord, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, September 14, 1864; absent, sick, April 30, 1865 ; died, no date. Hale, Walter H. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 27, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; died, October 8, 1862, at Bellevue Hospital, New York City. Haley, William — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buflfalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, January 30, 1865 ; mustered out, June 30, 1865, at Harewood Hospital, Washington, D. C. Hall, Clement F. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 212 History of the 49th Regiment 1861; died of chronic diarrhoea, October 19, 1862, at Fairfax Seminary Hospital, Virginia. Hall, Henry D.— Age, 27 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant. Company H, Octo- ber 21 1861- promoted first lieutenant, March 30, 1862; discharged, August 3 1862 Commissioned second lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 20, 1861, original; first lieutenant, April 5, 1862, with rank from May 30, 1862 vice Andrew W. Brazee, promoted. Hall, James A.- Age, 46 years. Enrolled, August 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as surgeon, September 10, 1861; mus- tered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York; commissioned surgeon, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 9, 1861, original. Hall, John -Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company C, September 4, 1861- re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; captured in action. May 12 l'864 at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; paroled, no date; trans- ferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. HALLOAN, PETER -Age, 32 years. Enlisted. August 22 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three vears ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran. December 16, 1863; discharged for disability, Sep- tember 18, 1864. Halsey, Francis M.-Age, 19 years Enlisted, August 12. 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years: mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1^1; discharged for disability, June 6, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. HALSEY, HARVEY -Age, 18 years. Enlisted. August 23 1861. at Fredoma. to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861; died of consumption, April 26, 1863, at Laona, New York. Hambleton, William T.-Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 9 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22 1861 • died in Tune, 1863, at Hamburg, New York. Hammond, William R.- Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August \^f^'J' Ellicott, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company K August 25, 1862; captured and paroled. June 20, 1863, ^^.^BrentvUle, Virginia tr;nsferr;d to Company D, September 17, 1864; dishonorably discharged, October 12. 1864. HANBY, John -Private, Company E. Thirty-third Infantry, tran..ferred to Comp;ny E. this regiment, October 1. 1863; to Company C. September 17 1864; to Ninety-sixth Company, Second Battahon, Veteran Reserve Corps no date, from which discharged, July 6. 1865. at Rochester, New York HANCHETT. LEWIS L.- Age, 18 years. Enlisted. September 14. 1^1, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private Company G, Sep em- ber 18 1861; promoted corporal, no date; re-enhsted as a veteran. Decern- be 16 1863; captured in action. May 12. 1864. at Spottsylvania Court House Virginia; transferred to Company A. September 17. 1864; paroled, New York Volunteers 213 March 25, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Handkin, Richard W.— Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861; discharged for disability, July 31, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Handy, Henry — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, August 8, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Vir- ginia; promoted first sergeant, June 1, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned second lieutenant. May 11, 1865, with rank from March 12, 1865, vice Harrison Disbrow, promoted, not mustered. Hanev, Anthony — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at New York Citj% to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 13, 1864; mustered out. May 19, 1865, at hospital, York, Pennsylvania. Harden, John — Age, 41 years. Enlisted at Porter, to serve one year, and mustered in as private, Company E, October 3, 1864; mustered out with company, June 11 , 1865, at Washington, D. C. Harding, Henry D. — Enlisted at Warsaw, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 20, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; absent, sick in hospital, at muster out of company. Hardy, James — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 28, 1861 ; deserted in September, 1863, while absent, sick. Harnety, William H. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Bufifalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, Sep- tember 5, 1861; missing in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; no further record. Harrington, Charles — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; deserted, August 31, 1863. Harrington, Nelson — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; died of disease, October 26, 1862, in hospital at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Harrington, Newton — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability at hospital, January 28, 1863, at New York City. Harris, Alonzo D.— Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1862, at James- town, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, September 10, 1862; wounded in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, May 26, 1865. 214 History of the 49th Regiment Harris, Gilbert D.— Age, 11 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1862, at James town «^o serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, September 10, 1862; killed in action, }^Iay 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Harse, William — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; left sick, at Bealton Station, Virginia, and captured, October 13, 1863; absent, a prisoner of war, at muster out of company. Hart, Francis H.— Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; promoted corporal, December 1, 1861 ; sergeant, in February, 1862; re-enUsted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded. May 10, 1864; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; promoted first sergeant, February 4, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. ■ . 'i Hart, Rollin — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company G, September 9, 1861; died, October 9, 1862, in hospital, at Alexandria, Virginia. Hart, Samuel— Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company D, this regiment. October 1, 1863; discharged, January 27, 1864, at Brandy Station, Virginia. Hartler, John — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, September 12, 1861; discharged for asthma, April 5, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Harvey, George — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, unassigned, September 22, 1862; no further record. Hassett, Quincy a.— Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Stockton, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; detached to Ayres Battery, no date; deserted as of Company F, Sixth United States Artillery, June 29, 1863, near Newmarket, Maryland. Havens, John S.— Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded, no date; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Hayden, Charles H.— Age, 24 years. Enlisted, .August 15. 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal. Company D, August 22, 1861; returned to ranks, no date; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Hayden, William — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at BuflPalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861; deserted, August 25, 1861, from Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Hayes, George E.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 18ol ; deserted, August 25, 1861, from Camp Porter, Buffalo, New York. Hayes, John — Age, 21 years. Enhsted at Buffalo, to serve three vears. and mustered in as private. Company F, January 18, 1864; transferred to MoTiument Erected upon the Gettysburg Battlefield by the State of New York for the 49th Regiment, New York Volunteers New York Volunteers 215 Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27 1865, at Washmgton, D. C. ; veteran. Haynes, Sylvester S.- Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861 a* Stockton, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, November 30, 1862, in hospital at Hagerstown, Maryland. Hays, Horace H.- Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August IS, 1861, at Buffalo to serve three years; mustered in as corporal, Company D, August 22 1861; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, September 1, 1863. Hayes, Otis B.- Age, 26 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Somerset to serve three years; mustered in as sergeant. Company H, September 13, 1861; promoted first sergeant, August 3, 1862; captured in action May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; paroled, no date; re-enlisted as a vet- eran, December 26, 1863; mustered in as second lieutenant. Company G September 9, 1864; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864- mus- tered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned second lieutenant, March 30, 1864, with rank from Februarv 24, 1864 vice William Tindai, dismissed. Hazeltine, Clark S.-Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861 at Jamestown, to serve three years; mustered in as sergeant. Company K September 18, 1861; returned to ranks, March 1, 1863; mustered out no date, at Rochester, New York. Hazen, Marcellus E.— Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry transferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded. May 10, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, Heacock, Reuben E.— Age, 40 years. Enrolled, July 30, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as captain. Company E, August 28 1861 ; killed in action. May 18, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia' Commissioned captain, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 5, 1861 original. ' ' Hearsberger, Frederick — Age, 39 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, September 14, 1864; no further record. Hehr, Christian — Age, 22, years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ' discharged, September 6, 1862. Heinz, Peter — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 28, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863; killed in action. May 5. 1864^ at the Wilderness, Virginia. Heintz, Valentine — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company F, August 22, 1861; promoted corporal, September 22,, 1863; mustered out, October 18 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Hellriegel, Peter — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, January 3, 1863; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 15, 1865, at Mount Pleasant Hospital, Washington, D. C. 216 History of the 49th Regiment Hemenger, Oramel — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Stock- ton, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; died, June 3, 1862, at Newport News, Virginia. Hemmingway, Albert — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; wounded m action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, March 30, 1865. Henderson, George — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, November 15, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, Novem- ber 16, 1862; captured and paroled, no dates; transferred to Company B, Nineteenth Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, October 26, 1863; to Com- pany E, this regiment, March 31, 1864; to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Henderson, James -Age, 31 years. Enlisted at West Seneca, to serve one year, and mustered in as private. Company E, August 16, 1864; mus- tered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Hennes, Adam -Age, 19 years. EnHsted, August 15, 1861, at Bufifalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861; discharged for disability, February 25, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virgmia. Henry, John N. — Age, 39 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Forest- ville to serve three years; mustered in as hospital steward, August 28, 186l'; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered out with regi- ment, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Herlan, Jacob -Age. 38 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861; died of disease, March 20, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virgmia. Herman, William -Age, 43 years. Enlisted, at Genesee Falls, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 11, 1864; trans- ferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out, June 10, 1865, at Emory Hospital, Washington, D. C. Herman, George- Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 861; promoted corporal, no date; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16 1863; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; killed in action, October 19 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. Herman, Jacob -Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28 1^1; re-enlisted as a veteran, January 1, 1864; wounded in action May 2, 1^, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia, and October 19, 1^4, at Cedar Creek. Virginia; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864, promoted corporal, October 1, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Hermon, Cornelius -Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 23, 1861 at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, bep- tember 24, 1861; promoted sergeant, no date; died of chronic diarrhoea, November 8, 1862, at Fairfax Seminary Hospital, Virginia. New York Volunteers 217 Herrick, George B. — Enlisted, private, Compan}- D, Thirty-third New York Infantry; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, on consolidation, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned first lieu- tenant and adjutant, July 31, 1865, with rank from May 1, 1865, vice Solo- mon W. Russell, Junior, promoted ; not mustered. Herrick, Mortimer — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; wounded in action and died, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Herrick, Nathan — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, September 5, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 13, 1861 ; died of disease, October 24, 1862, at Annapolis, Maryland. Herring, William — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 31, 1861 ; deserted, February 5, 1862, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Herrington, Oliver — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Sher- man, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, June 13, 1862, in hospital at Baltimore, Maryland. Hessel, Charles E. — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, September 23, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Sep- tember 24, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; wounded in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; died of his wounds. May 14, 1863, at Potomac Creek Bridge, Virginia. Hetzel, William H. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 10, 1862; promoted corporal, April 1, 1863; returned to ranks in July, 1863; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Hickmott, Charles H. — Age, 24 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant. Company F, August 22, 1862; mustered in as captain, October 17, 1862; killed in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Commissioned second lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from October 21, 1861, original ; first lieutenant, July 18, 1862, with rank from June 21, 1862 vice Charles Howell Bidwell, resigned; captain, November 17, 1862, with rank from October 16, 1862, vice Erasmus W. Haines resigned. HiGGiNS, George — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Septem- ber 4, 1861 ; discharged, October 20, 1862, at Hagerstown, Maryland. Hildebrand, Charles F. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 29, 1862 ; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Hill, Charles — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 31, 1861 ; promoted corporal, August . 1862; deserted, August , 1862, from Harrison's Landing, Virginia. 218 History of the 49th Regiment Hill, George W.— Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861; died of consumption, November 16, 1862, in hospital at Philadel- phia, Pennsylvania. Hill, Henry S.— Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; transferred to Com- pany D,' September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Hill, Henry U.— Age, 36 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Sherman, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged, September 9, 1864, at hospital, Rochester, New York. Hill, John — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; captured in action, 'May 3, 1863, at Fredricksburg, Virginia; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date; discharged, June 16, 1865. Hilyer, Ezekial— Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Veteran Reserve Corps, April 15, 1864; to Company G, this regiment, July 1, 1864; to Com- pany A, September 17, 1864; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. HiNES, John B.— Age, 22 years. Enlisted and mustered in as private. Company G, July 21, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Hiss, Joseph — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, September 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company B, September 11, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; mustered out with com- pany, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. HoBART, Alfred C— Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, December 4, 1862; pro- moted corporal, June 17, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washmgton, D. C. Hodges, George H.-Age, 37 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years and mustered in as sergeant. Company F, August 28, 1861; pro- moted sergeant major, March 29, 1862; discharged for disability, Novem- ber 17, 1862, at Bellevue Hospital, New York City; subsequent service as captain of Company , One Hundred and Eighty-seventh Infantry. Hodges, Lewis C.-Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, ^at James- town to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company K, Septem- ber 18 1861- re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864. In confinement at muster out of com- pany. No further record. Hodgson, John - Private, Company K. Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, September 17, 1864; to Company C, Twentieth Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, no date, from which mustered out, July 10, 1865. Hoffman, Christian - Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, Septem- New York Volunteers 219 ber 15, 1861; promoted sergeant, February 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a vet- eran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilder- ness, Virginia; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington. D. C. Hoffman, Frank — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, September 5, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company D, September 6, 1862; captured in action. May 4, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia; paroled, no date; wounded, June 8, 1864, at Cold Harbor, Virginia; trans- ferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; died of his wounds. Tune 17 1865. Hoffman, John — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D. this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Hoffman, John C.— Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as private. Company B, not stated; no record subsequent to July 3, 1862. Hogan, Hugh — Sergeant, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; died of his wounds, no date. HoHENSTEiN, JoHN — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, September 12, 1861; promoted corporal. May 27, 1862; sergeant, January 22, 1863; returned to ranks, February 1, 1863; discharged for disability, April 14, 1863, at Antietam Hospital, Maryland. HoLCH, LuDwiG — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Bufifalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, February 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; promoted sergeant, October 1, 1864; quartermaster sergeant, November 23, 1864; mustered out with regiment, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. HoLDRiDGE, Ira — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, September 7, 1861; discharged for disability, August 30, 1862, at Fort Wood New York. Hollander, Chester — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company F, Sep- tember 15, 1861 ; deserted, September 25, 1861, from Fort Porter, BuflFalo, New York. Holt, Erastus D.— Age, 29 years. Enrolled, September 4, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years; mustered in as captain. Company I, Sep- tember 6, 1861; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; mustered in as lieutenant colonel, July 27, 1864; pro- moted to colonel, August 20, 1864; wounded in action, April 2, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia; died of his wounds, April 7, 1865, at hospital, City Point, Virginia. Commissioned first lieutenant, September 30, 1861,' with rank from September 7, 1861, original; captain. November 11, 186l', with rank from October 12, 1861, vice Raselas Dickinson, deceased'; lieutenant colonel, August 12, 1864, with rank from July 27, 1864, vice George Wash- 220 History of the 49th Regiment ington Johnson, died; colonel, not mustered, November 12, 1864, with rank from August 20, 1864, vice Daniel Davidson Bidwell, promoted. Hooker, Joseph J.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1863, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company A, September 4, 1861; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Hoover, Orlando — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861; promoted corporal, March 1, 1863; re-enUsted in Company I, December 16, 1863; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; miss- ing in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness; killed while trying to escape between Charleston and Florence, South Carolina. Hopper, James H.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August, 31, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; discharged, no date, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Horgrave, George — Age, years. Enlisted, March 4, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company D, March 14, 1862; deserted, July 2, 1863. Horn, John L.— Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, September 19, 1861 ; died of dis- ease, September 26, 1862, at Columbia Hospital, Washington, D. C. HoRTON, John J.— Age, 27 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years; mustered in as wagoner, Company C, Sep- tember 4, 1861 ; returned to company as private, no date ; discharged, Jan- uary 6, 1863, at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. HoRTON, Nathan S.— Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 31, 1863; captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; paroled, no date; discharged, June 16, 1865. HoTCHKiss, David J.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at French Creek, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal. Company G, August 30, 1861; promoted sergeant, April 29, 1862; died, October 24, 1862, at hospital. HouG, Anthony — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at , to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 11, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1964; wounded, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; discharged for disability; no date. Houghton, Uriah — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, June 18, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Housam, John — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; to First New York Battery, December 5, 1863. Howard, Charles -Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Royalton, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 11, 1864; no further record. Howard, Ervin — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, January 21, 1864; no further record. New York Volunteers 221 Howard, Henry W.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany D, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, November 1, 1864, sergeant, June 17, 1865 ; mustered out with companv, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Howard, John — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Company F, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged for disability, February 10, 1864, at Baltimore, Maryland. Howard, Peter — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Companv A. Februarv 23. 1865; deserted, March 22. 1865. Howard, Timothy — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buflfalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, December 11, 1863; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. ; veteran. HoYT, Charles N.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company A, Septem- ber 16, 1861; deserted, July 18, 1863, from Berlin, Maryland. HoYT, George P.— Age, 30 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 4, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; no further record. HoYT, Edward J.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Panama, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company G, August 30, 1861; deserted in September, 1862, from United States General Hospital, New York City. HuBBELL, Daniel V. B.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, August 30, 1862; trans- ferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, January 1, 1865; mustered out, June 15, 1865, at Mount Pleasant Hospital, Washing- ton, D. C. Hubbers, Gerhardt — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Bufifalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, January 16, 1862, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Huber, Bernard — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; died of chronic diarrhoea, November 4, 1862, at hospital, Fairfax Seminary, Virginia. Hudson, Junior, William S.— Age, 22 years. Enrolled, June 14, 1862, at New York City, to serve three years; mustered in as first lieutenant, Company I, no date; discharged, February 2, 1863; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company C, August 14, 1863; as captain, September 3. 1864; wounded in action. May 18. 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; 222 History of the 49th Regiment transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; discharged for disability, March 9, 1865; prior service in Company C, Ninth New York Infantry. Commissioned first lieutenant. May 17, 1862, with rank from April 1, 1862, vice Walter G. Seeley, declined; first lieutenant, August 7, 1863, with rank from January 14, 1863, vice William Theodore Wiggins, promoted ; captain, September 3, 1864, with rank from May 5, 1864, vice William Theodore Wiggins, killed. Hughes, James — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, at Oswego, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company G, July 15, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, June 17, 1865; mus- tered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Hughes, Thomas — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, September 9, 1861; captured in action, June 30, 1862, at Savage Station, Virginia; paroled September 13, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; wounded, no date; absent, sick in hospital, at muster out of company. HuLBURT, William H.— Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Hull, Marvin — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action, July 12, 1864. at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. ; died of his wounds, July 13, 1864. Hunt, Elisha W.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal. Company D, August 22, 1861; promoted first sergeant, no date, second lieutenant. May 31, 1862; discharged, November 27, 1862. Commissioned second lieutenant, June 10, 1862, with rank from May 31, 1862, vice Peter A. Taylor, promoted. Hunting, Alva — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861 ; died of disease, September 16, 1862, at Baltimore, Maryland. Hunting, Lafayette — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, November 26, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; died of his wounds, June 3, 1864. Huri), David — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buflfalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 14, 1864; no further record. Hurlbut, Hiram — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 26, 1862, at Alexandria, Virginia. Husteru, James — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buflfalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, February 28, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. New York Volunteers 223 HuTCHiNGS, Henry E. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Hutchinson, Michael — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 31, 1861; promoted sergeant, November 1, 1862; returned to the ranks, September 28, 1863 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. Hutchinson, Thomas — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; deserted, no date. Hynes, Thomas — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, October 12, 1862; deserted, July 2, 1863. Ihler, Joseph — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, January 8, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; discharged for disability, no date. Ingalsbe, Henry H. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company I, August 28, 1861 ; promoted first sergeant, no date ; wounded and captured in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia ; paroled, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company A, Sep- tember 11, 1864; discharged for disability, March 13, 1865. Commissioned first lieutenant, August 12, 1864, with rank from July 24, 1864, vice Henry C. Valentine, killed ; captain, not mustered, September 16, 1864, with rank from July 27, 1864, vice Erastus D. Holt, promoted. Ingersoll, Alvah S. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 4, 1861 ; deserted, June 30, 1862, from White Oak Swamp, Virginia. Ingraham, William H. — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry; wounded in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia ; transferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged for disability, July 11, 1864, at Annapolis, Maryland. Ingram, David — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, January 23, 1864; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, D. C. ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Ireton, Thomas — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; promoted corporal. May 12, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; promoted sergeant, January 1, 1865; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. 15 224 History of the 49th Regiment Jackson, Joseph B. — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1862, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 9, 1862; deserted, January 23, 1863, on the march to Falmouth, Virginia. Jackson, William — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 1, 1862, at Bakersville, Maryland. Jacobs, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; deserted while detached to Sixth United States Artillery near New Market, Maryland, June 29, 1863. Jamison, Isaac — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 20, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Jardine, Robert — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry ; captured, May 3, 1863; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; paroled, no date; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Jenkins, John A. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, July 31, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; transferred to Company F, November 1, 1862; discharged for disability, January 28, 1863, at Washington, D. C. Jenkins, John" A. — Age, 25 years. Enrolled, August 22, 1862, at Wash- ington, D. C, to serve three years ; mustered in as assistant surgeon, September 4, 1862; as surgeon, October 19, 1864; mustered out with regiment, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned assistant surgeon, September 3, 1862, with rank from August 22, 1862; surgeon, October 25, 1864, with rank from October 13, 1864, vice James A. Hall, mustered out. Jenkins, William E. — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Veteran Reserve Corps, March 16. 1864. Jessup, Daniel F. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 4, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Johnson, George — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861 ; transferred to First New York Battery, December 13, 1863. Johnson, George Washington — Age, 39 years. Enrolled, .\ugust 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as major, Ocotber 21, 1861 ; as lieutenant colonel, January 1, 1863; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, D. C. ; died of his wounds, July 29, 1864. Commissioned major, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 18, 1861, original; lieutenant colonel, December 24, 1862, with rank from December 10, 1862, vice William Clcndenin Alberger, honorably discharged. Johnson, Harrison — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Mina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged, September 9, 1864, from hospital, Rochester, New York. New York Volunteers 225 Johnson, Henry -Age, 26 years. Enlisted at Dunkirk, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, July 15, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Johnson, John T.— Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- fered to Company D, this regiment. October 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, Johnson, Nathan -Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22 1861 ' promoted corporal, July 1, 1862; wounded in action, May 4, 1863 at Fredericksburg, Virginia; promoted sergeant, July 1, 1863; captured in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; paroled, February 28, 1865 at Wilmmgton, North Carolina; mustered out. May 22, 1865, "at Rochester New York. ' Johnson, Perry -Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861; dishonorably discharged, no date. Johnson, Peter -Age, 42 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 2^ 1861 • promoted corporal, August 22, 1861 ; returned to ranks, September 30 1861 ' discharged for disability, May 15, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.' Johnson, Samuel -Age, 42 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1862, at Lock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H August 31 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 26, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia.' Johnson, William— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 20, 1861 ; died, December 2, 1862, in hospital, at Alexandria, Virginia. Jones, David W.-Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Charlotte- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company H, September 13. 1861; discharged for disability, December 7, 1861, at Camp Griffin Virginia. ' Jones, Jacob H.— Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Companv G, August 30 1861 ' re-enhsted as a veteran, December 16. 1863; transferred to Company A.' September 17, 1864; killed in action, April 2, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia! Jones, Marshall A.— Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company K.' September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 7, 1863, at Alexandria, Virginia. Jones, Thaddeus W.— Age. 26 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company A. August 24, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Jones. Thomas A.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 27, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action. May 226 History of the 49th Regiment 5, 1864, at the Wilderness; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Jones, Wilber S.— Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of disease, November 19, 1862, at Fort McHenry, Maryland. Jones, William — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, September 5, 1861 ; captured, June 30, 1862 ; paroled, November, 1862 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; promoted corporal, July 16, 1864; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; captured, November 9, 1864; paroled, March 22, 1865; mustered out, August 5, 1865, at Elmira, New York. Jordan, Samuel S.— Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; died of chronic diarrhea, June 18, 1862, at Yorktown, Virginia. Joy, John — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, August 22, 1861, from Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Justice, John H.— Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, Eleventh Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, April 8, 1864, from which mustered out, July 9, 1865, at Providence, Rhode Island. Kaiser, William J.— Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, August 28, 1861; sergeant, November 26, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; mustered in as second lieutenant, April 22, 1864; transferred to Company C, no date; to Company D, on consolidation, September 17, 1864; mustered in as first lieutenant, to date July 12, 1864; wounded, September 19, 1864 ; mustered in as captain. Company A, March 12, 1865 ; absent with leave, at muster out of company, June 27, 1865, no further record. Commissioned second lieutenant, November 13, 1863, with rank from August 10, 1863, vice James A. Waldron, discharged; first lieutenant, Sep- tember 16, 1864, .with rank from May 18, 1864, vice Walter D. Wilder, promoted; captain, March 30, 1865, with rank from March 12, 1865, vice William S. Hudson, discharged. Karr, Adam — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861; deserted, September 19, 1861, from Park Barracks, New York City. Kaufman, Martin — Age, 17 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as musician. Company D, September 13, 1861 ; returned to company as private, no date : re-enlisted as a veteran, Dcccmue'r 25, 1863 ; appointed musician, no date : transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865. at Washmg- ton, D. C. Keele, Andrew H.— Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as wagoner. Company F, Septem- ber 16, 1861; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; discharged, October 25, 1864; subsequent service in Com- pany K, Twenty-sixth New York Cavalry. New York Volunteers 227 Keeley, James — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, July 31, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, June 17, 1863, from Dumfries, Virginia. Keers, Matthew — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; died of scorbutus, August 31, 1864, while a prisoner of war, at Andersonville, Georgia. Kellett, Benjamin T. — Age, 23 years. EnHsted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, December 24, 1862; promoted corporal, July 1, 1863; captured in action; May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date ; mustered out, June 12, 1865, at New York City. Kelley, George — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, November 10, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 11, 1862. Kelly, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Utica, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, Septembzer 19, 1864; no further record. Kelly, Thomas J.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; wounded in action. May 4, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia ; absent, in hospital at Buffalo, New York, at muster out of company. Kendall, Charles A. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, August 31, 1861; promoted corporal, Alarch 30, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; promoted sergeant, March 1, 1864; transferred to Com- pany E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Keneally, John — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; wounded in action, June 5, 1864, at Cold Harbor, Virginia ; died of his wounds, June 6, 1864, at Field Hospital, Eighteenth Army Corps. Keneley, Michael — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 14, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, Fairfax, Virginia. Kennedy, Lester E. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 1. 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, September 3, 1862; deserted, August 8, 1864, from Harper's Ferry, Virginia. Kennedy, Patrick — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of disease, no date, at Alexandria, Virginia. Kenney, James — Age, years. Enlisted, September 4, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, September 5, 1861 ; no further record. Kerigan, Thomas — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action. May 228 History of the 49th Regiment 10, 1864; at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; captured, January 9, 1865; paroled, no date; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Kessler, Hermann — Age, 36 years. Enlisted, January 16, 1864, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B. January 18, 1864, wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; mus- tered out for disability, June 12, 1865, at Ricord Hospital, Washington, D. C. Kessler, Jacob — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; appointed musician, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; returned to company, as a private, no date ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Kester, William C. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as corporal. Company B, September 24, 1861 ; returned to ranks, May 27, 1863, at Port Columbus Hospital, New York Harbor. KiBLER, Peter — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; wounded, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland; died of his wounds, October 8, 1862, at Washington, D. C. KiGAR, Richard — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 16, 1861 ; wounded at Chickahominy, Virginia, no date ; discharged for his wounds, August 14, 1862. Kimball, Henry — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; captured, April 2, 1864; paroled, no date ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864 ; captured in action, April 2, 1865, near Petersburg, Virginia; paroled, April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House, Virginia ; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Kimball, Oscar S. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; died of his wounds. May 12, 1864, at Fredericksburg, Virginia. King, Euward — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, September 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company B, November 26, 1861; returned to ranks in January, 1862; discharged for disability, March 17, 1863; at Episcopal Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. King, Frank — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company H, December 15, 1862 ; deserted, April 1, 1863, from camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. King, Frederick W.— Age, 23 years. Enlisted, -August 23, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 25, 1862 ; died of remittent fever, October 28, 1862, at Hagerstown, Maryland. King, George H.— Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 20, 1861; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. New York Volunteers 229 KiNGSLEY, Henry H. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Newstead, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, July 13, 1864; wounded in action, August 21, 1864, at Flowing Springs, Virginia; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. KiNNENSON, Henry L. — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Kinner, James — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, September 21, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Kirchenmeyer, Franz — Age, 36 years. Enlisted, February 12, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, February 13, 1862; discharged for disability. May 2, 1862, at camp near Yorktown, Virginia. KiRSHAW, William — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 23, 1862, at hospital, Alexandria, Virginia. Kitchen, Wesley — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, January 29, 1864; no further record. Klank, Peter — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, September 13, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 24, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Klein, Joseph — Age, 28 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, January 21, 1864; killed in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Klein, William — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861; died of diarrhoea, December 16, 1862, at Seminary Hospital, George- town, D. C. Kline, John — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; mustered out, September 20, 1864, at New York City. Knecktell, Jacob — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at New York City, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861 ; killed in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Knippel, George — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, August 6, 1862; sergeant, January 1, 1863; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Knop, Carl — Age, 31 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, January 7, 1864; wounded and captured in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; died of diarrhoea, Septem])er IS, 1864; buried at .\ndersonville, Georgia. Grave No. 8868. 230 History of the 49th Regiment Knowlen, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, September 5, 1861 ; deserted, September 19, 1861, from Park Barracks, "New York City. Knowlton, Hiram — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 10, 1862. KocHANE, Jeremiah — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, January 24, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. KoEHLER, Emil — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as first sergeant. Company B, August 22, 1861; promoted second lieutenant, March 30, 1862; discharged for disability, July 11, 1862. Commissioned second lieutenant, April 5, 1862, with rank from March 30, 1862, vice William Wuerz resigned ; subsequent service as first lieutenant. Company H, One Hundred and Eighty-seventh Infantry. KoNiNG, Bernhard — Age, 36 years. Enlisted, September 5, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 15, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, September 27, 1863. KoRN, Emil. — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; pro- moted corporal, same date ; sergeant, September 25, 1861 ; returned to ranks, October 7, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 5, 1863, at Fort- ress Monroe, Virginia. Kraemer, George. — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, September 5, 1862 ; deserted in June, 1863, from hospital at Washington, D. C. Kraig, Joseph. — Age, 31 years. Enlisted at Buffalo for three years; mus- tered in as private. Company E, January 30, 1865 ; promoted corporal, no date ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Kris, James — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, March 8, 1862; killed in action, June 27, 1862, at Camp Lincoln, Virginia. Krupp, Henry — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 9, 1862, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Krussa, John — Age, 32 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, September 17, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. KuN, Herman — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 1, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, January 25, 1863; deserted, April 13, 1863, from camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. Kurtzwart, George — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 11, 1862; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. New York Volunteers 231 Lafferty, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company 1, March 8, 1862 ; discharged for disability, May 19, 1862. Laird, Puny P. — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; August 21, 1864, at Flowing Springs, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; dis- charged, June 16, 1865. Lamb, David G. — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; captured. May 3, 1863; ' transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; paroled, no date; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; dis- charged, June 16, 1865. Lamb, Russel — Age, 45 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Panama, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, September 1, 1863, at Providence, Rhode Island. Lamb, Stephen P. — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Pan- ama, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; deserted, June 6, 1862, from Camp Lincoln, Virginia. Lambert, Junior, David — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861; as first lieutenant, March 1, 1863; killed in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. Commissioned first lieutenant, Feb- ruary 27, 1863, with rank from November 20, 1862, vice Franklin J. Foster, resigned. Lamper, Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, no date. Lands, John A. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Portches- ter, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Lane, Nathan W. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; discharged, August 16, 1862, to enlist in United States Army. Lane, William H. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27. 1865, at Washington, D. C. Lang, George — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861; deserted, December 11, 1861, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Lang, Thomas — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Buff^alo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 28, 1861 ; dishonorably discharged, June 9, 1863. Langdon, Area B. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Poland, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; promoted corporal, April 29, 1862; discharged for disability, September 15, 1862, at hospital, Washington, D. C. 232 History of the 49th Regiment Langenbach, David — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; absent in hospital, October 31, 1862. Langmyer, Frank — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1862 at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company I, August 30, 1862; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detach- ment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Larabee, Cyrus R. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, September 9, 1861 ; died at hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, no date. Larabee, Ithiel S. — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company G, September 9, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 17, 1863, at Stanton Hospital, Washington, D. C. Earned, Henry S. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, November 30, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, December 2, 1861 ; discharged, August 15, 1863 ; subsequent service as second lieu- tenant. Company B, Sixteenth Cavalry. Larwood, Lorenzo — Private, Company H. Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, March 11. 1864. Larwood, Robert — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; died, December 25, 1863, in regimental hospital. Brandy Station, Virginia. Larwood, Samuel — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, July 6, 1863, at Fairfield, Pennsylvania; discharged, March 11, 1864. Lawcock, Parnell — Age, 23 years. Enlisted. September 17, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Sep- tember 24, 1861 ; captured, June 30, 1862 ; paroled, November , 1862 ; promoted corporal March 3, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Lawrence, Thomas — Age, 39 years Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician, Company H, Sep- tember 13, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Layer, Adam — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, September 15, 1861 ; promoted corporal and returned to ranks, no date ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Layton, Charles — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, March 25, 1864; killed in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. Lee, James — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Brooklyn, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, January 13, 1865 ; no further record. New York Volunteers 233 Lee, Robert W. — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, September 11, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company D, September 16, 1861 ; died of disease, February 10, 1863. Lee, Thomas — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 23, 1863, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Leland, Dayton R. — Age, 39 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1862, at Cly- mer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, September 10, 1862; wounded and captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; dis- charged, June 16, 1865. Leet, Timothy A. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as wagoner. Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, August 26, 1862, from hospital. Lehman, Louis — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 30, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, August 27, 1862, at Chesapeake Hospital, Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Leib, Jacob — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Lenox, Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 26, 1862, at Fort Wood, New York Harbor. Lenox, Solomon — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of sunstroke, June 26, 1862, at Camp Lincoln, Virginia. Lentz, Simon Washington — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; sick and left upon the road during march, September 10, 1862; no further record. Leroy, Charles — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; paroled, no date ; mustered out, May 31, 1865, at Elmira, New York. Leslie, Lewis J. — Age, 40 years. Enlisted at Galen, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 19, 1864; transferred to Com- pany D, September 17, 1864; absent, sick, at muster out of company. Levan, William H. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 24, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company H, August 31, 1861; returned to ranks, April 24, 1862; promoted corporal, March 3, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; returned to ranks, no date; deserted, February 5, 1864, from Lockport, New York. 234 History of the 49th Regiment Leveck, Casper — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as sergeant, Company B, August 28, 1861 ; died of chronic diarrhoea, January 15, 1863, at Antietam Hospital, Maryland. Leveck, Jacob — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as corporal, Company B, August 28, 1861 ; promoted ser- geant, November 1, 1862; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Leveck, John — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, August 28, 1861 ; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Levi, Felix — Age, 36 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, September 11, 1862; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Lewis, Andrew D. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 7, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia ; subse- quent service in Company H, One Hundred and Fortieth New York Vol- unteers. Lewis, Charles — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Lockport, to serve one year ; mustered in as private. Company E, October 10, 1864 ; captured in action, January 9, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia ; paroled, no date ; mus- tered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Lewis, Elias D. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, July 12, 1864, at Warsaw, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, July 20, 1864; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Lewis, Elisha H. — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Lewis, Milton — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September, 1861 ; killed in action, April 5, 1862, near Yorktown. Virginia. First man from Chautauqua County killed in Civil War. Lewis, William H. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 12. 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company A, August 26, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; promoted sergeant, September 1, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. LicH, Philip — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 24, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 26, 1861 ; died, August 10, 1862, in Broad Street Hospital, Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania. LiEBETRUT, Frederick A. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, September 15, 1862; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. New York Volunteers 235 LiGHTHALT, MiCHAEL — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, September 17, 1864; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. LiMBARK, Jacob — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three j-ears ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; died of chronic diarrhoea, January 14, 1863, at Frederick, Maryland. LiNBERG, John — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 15, 1862, at Alexandria, Virginia. Lincoln, Jarvie C. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 3, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 2, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; captured in action, May 4, 1864. at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. LiNDGUiST, John F. — Age, 18 years. EnHsted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 16, 1862, at Fort McHenry, Bal- timore, Maryland ; subsequent service as corporal, Company C, Thirteenth New York Artillery. LiNKLETTER, WiLLiAM — Private, Eighteenth Infantry ; transferred to Company D, this regiment, February 11, 1864; deserted. May 4, 1864. Linnenbitz, Charles — Age, 26 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, and mus- tered in as private. Company B, September 24, 1861 ; supposed to be dead at muster out of company. Little, George — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, January 5, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. LocKHART, John — Age, date, place of enlistment, and muster in as pri- vate. Company D, not stated; deserted, June 17, 1865, from Bailey's Cross Roads, Virginia. Lodes, William — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 27, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, September 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, no date, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Long, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, September 10, 1861 ; deserted, 1863, from Harewood General Hospital, Washington, D. C. Long, Joseph W.— Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 9, 1862. Longee, Norton B. — Age, 27 years. Mustered in as private. Company E, August 31, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 8, 1862, at Acquia Creek, Virginia. 236 History of the 49th Regiment LoNSON, Francis — Age, 18 3 ears. Enlisted at Bennington, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company G, July 22, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; deserted, September 22, 1864, from battlefield, at Winchester, Virginia. LoTZ, William — Age, 39 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, March 5, 1862; deserted, Septem- ber 18, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland. Louden, Amos M. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Septem- ber 4, 1861; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Louden, George — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Portches- ter, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 20, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, April 13, 1864; wounded in action, June 6, 1864, at Cold Harbor, Virginia ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Louden, James — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 11, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, December 11, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; deserted, Febru- ary 13, 1865. LouER, George F. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of fever, February 18, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Loux, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company I, September 3, 1862; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detach- ment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. LovELETT, George — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; discharged, February 12, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. LovELETT, Henry — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; died, December 24, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Lower, Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 21, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Luce, Joseph — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; wounded in action, July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April , 1864; deserted, June 15, 1865, at Washington, D. C, as of Forty-second Company, Second Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps. Lunney, Thomas W.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 4, 1861 ; discharged, January . 1863, at Harrisburg, Virginia. LusK, Henry N.— Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Ellery, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, June 26, 1862, at Hampton, Virginia. New York Volunteers 237 Lynch, William — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 13, 1862 ; deserted, July 2, 1863, from jNIanchester, Maryland. Lyon, James S. — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; killed. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Macarthy, Thomas — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; captured in action. May 3, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia ; paroled, no date ; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Mack, Denny G. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, January 15, 1864. Madden, Robert — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Warsaw, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company G, July 15, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Mahar, Thomas — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Sep- tember 13, 1861; promoted corporal, March 30, 1862; deserted. May 17, 1863, from Camp White Oak Church, Virginia. Mahoney, John — Age, 40 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, April 2, 1862 ; missing in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; no further record. Mahoney, Thomas — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned. May 25, 1864; no further record. Malady, Matthew — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of disease, October 21, 1862, at Fairfax Seminary Hospital, Virginia. Mallory, Zalmon E. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as drummer, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died, February 25, 1863, while on sick leave, at Stockton, New York. Malloy, Patrick — Age, 36 years. Enlisted September 4, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 6, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; returned to ranks, no date ; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; to Company H, Nineteenth Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, no date; mustered out, July 13, 1865, at Elmira, New York. Mark, George — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 28, 1862 ; deserted, July 12, 1863, from near Funkstown, Maryland. 238 History of the 49th Regiment Mark, Joseph — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Markham, Lewis H. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Cly- mer, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; returned to ranks, no date ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, no date. Marks, Augustus — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, May 12, 1862, from Williamsburg, Virginia. Marsh, Alonzo J. — Age, 36 years. Enrolled, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as captain. Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861 ; discharged, February 4, 1863 ; commissioned captain, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 18, 1861, original. Marsh, Henry N. — Age, 45 years. Enrolled, July 29, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as captain. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 6, 1861 ; commissioned captain, Janu- ary 20, 1862, with rank from September 6, 1861, original. Marsh, Virgil — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; discharged, December 28, 1862, at Fairfax Seminary, Virginia ; subsequent service in Company G, Eighth Artillery. Marston, Isaac — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 24, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 25, 1861 ; deserted, October 22, 1861, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Maschke, Charles — Age, 39 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, September 24, 1861 ; died of chronic dysentery, October 16, 1862, at Hammond General Hospital, Point Lookout, Maryland. Mather, Amos — Age, 44 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, November 14, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, April 10, 1862, at Newport News Hospital, Virginia. Mathews, Melvin L. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, December 21, 1863, at Gerry, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, December 22, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April 17, 1864. Mathews, Andrew J. — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; promoted corporal in November, 1862 ; sergeant, January 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, March 25, 1864; wounded, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company D, Septem- ber 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Mathias, Jeremiah — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company C, September 4, 1861 ; returned to ranks in February, 1862 ; mustered out with company, October 18. 1864, at Buffalo, New York. New York Volunteers 239 Maxwell, James H. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; captured, April 2, 1865, near Petersburg, Virginia ; paroled, April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. AIay, Calvin L. — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, August 31, 1861; missing in action, June 27, 1862, at retreat to Harrison's Landing, Vir- ginia; no further record. May, Gustavus — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Companj^ A, September 17, 1864; captured, September 22, 1864; paroled, March 25, 1865 ; promoted corporal, April 2, 1865 ; returned to ranks, June 3, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Mazienier, Louis — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. McAndrew, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 8, 1862, at Acquia Creek, Virginia. McBride, Alexander — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Tarry town, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company C, February 1, 1864; trans- ferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. McCarthy, Florence — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as private, Company A, not stated ; discharged, to date June 27 1865. McCarthy, John — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, August 22, 1861, from Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. McCarthy, David — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Brooklyn, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, December 27, 1864; no fur- ther record. McConnell, Arthur — Age, 41 years. Enlisted at Tarrytown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company C, December 30, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; absent, sick, at muster out of company, June 27, 1865. McConnell, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. McCrea, John — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; returned to ranks, no date ; discharged for disability, February 14, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, Alexandria, Virginia ; subsequent service as wagoner, Company H, Fourteenth Cavalry. 16 240 History of the 49th Regiment McCuEN, John — Age, 34 years. Enlisted and mustered in as private, Company G, July 12, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; deserted, December 12, 1864, from City Point, Virginia. McCuEN, Joseph — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; promoted corporal, April 28, 1864; deserted, July 16, 1864, from Leesburg, Virginia. McDermid, Neil — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 24, 1862, at Washington, D. C. McDonald, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861; promoted corporal. May 1, 1862; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. McDonald, Louis — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, August 18, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company 1, December 18, 1862; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. McDonald, William E. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 30, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, Alexandria, Virginia. McFarlane, William — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company F, August 22, 1861; deserted, May 12, 1862, from Williamsburg, Virginia; returned, no date, and dishonorably discharged, July 26, 1865. McGarry, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, November 11, 1864; no fur- ther record. McGinn, Patrick — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany A, September 17, 1864; paroled. May 17, 1865; discharged, with detach- ment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. McGoREY, James — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- fered to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; killed, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. McGuiRE, George — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Utica, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, August 1, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. McGuRK, Felix — Age, 45 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 28, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. McIntire, James — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. New York Volunteers 241 McIntyre, Joseph — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Jamestown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company K, August 26, 1862 ; dis- charged for disability, March 8, 1863, at camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. McKay, Lewis — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, April 5, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, April 12, 1864; deserted, July IS, 1864, from Washington, D. C. McKelvey, Samuel — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, August 28, 1861 ; sergeant, November 26, 1862; returned to ranks, August 15, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, Decem- ber 16, 1863; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; absent, sick, since April 23, 1865 ; no further record. McKelvv, Alexander H. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; promoted corporal, January 1, 1863 ; sergeant, February 4, 1863 ; wounded and captured in action, September 17, 1863, near Cul- pepper, Virginia ; paroled, no date ; mustered out, September 24, 1864, at New York City. McKelvy, James — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; promoted sergeant, no date; discharged for disability. May 14, 1865. McLain, John — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; transferred to Company I, September 1, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 30, 1862. McLaughlan, Andrew — Private, Company C, Thirty-third Infantry; captured in action, no date ; paroled in September, 1863 ; transferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. McMahon, Timothy — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, Sep- tember 11, 1861; deserted, no date, from hospital, Yorktown, Virginia. McMulkin, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, December 10, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, December 11, 1861 ; deserted, November 2, 1862, from Petersville, Maryland. McNamara, Thomas — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 27, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged for dis- ability, May 26, 1865. McNeil, John — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 14, 1864; no further record. McNerney, Thomas — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 242 History of the 49th Regiment 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded, no date ; dis- charged for disability, September 10, 1864. McNiVEN, James — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 4, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; deserted, February 5, 1864, on expiration of furlough. McQuE, Edward — Age, 36 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, November 11, 1861; died of disease, November 30, 1862, at New York City Hospital. McVeane, John P.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company D, September 7, 1861 ; returned to ranks, November 18, 1862 ; promoted corporal, Janu- ary 2, 1863 ; sergeant, May 4, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863; promoted second lieutenant, no date; killed in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Commissioned second lieutenant, October 6, 1863, with rank from June 16, 1863, vice William T. Bliss, dismissed. Meekings, William — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 26, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, Alexandria, Virginia. Mehrvadt, Charles — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 10, 1862, at Camp Grififin, Virginia ; subsequent service in Company B, Eighth New York Artillery. Meissner, Ernst — Age, 17 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as musician, Company B, August 28, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Merchant, Milton J. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 5, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, Sep- tember 6, 1861 ; discharged for disability, September 25, 1862. Merrick, George — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, unassigned, August 27, 1862 ; no further record. Merrill, Robert — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; killed in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsyl- vania Court House, Virginia. Merritt, Lafayette — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company C, Sep- tember 4, 1861; wounded. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; mus- tered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Mertz, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 17, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, September 18, 1861; discharged for disability, January 10, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Messenger, Daniel — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, no date. New York Volunteers 243 Metz, George — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 13, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; died, October 20, 1862, at Harevi^ood Hospital, Washington, D. C. Meyer, Augustus B. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 20, 1861, at New York City, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company B, November 26, 1861; promoted first sergeant, June 11, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered in as second lieutenant, Com- pany C, December 24, 1864; as first lieutenant, Company E, May 23, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commis- sioned second lieutenant, November 30, 1864, with rank from November 18, 1864, vice French W. Fisher, promoted; first lieutenant, May 11, 1865, with rank from March 30, 1865, vice Lewis Cass Richards, appointed quartermaster. Miles, Franklin — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Miles, Thomas J. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Qy- mer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, September 7, 1861 ; killed, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland. Miller, Albert C. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Har- mony, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861; promoted corporal, January 1, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, Decem- ber 16, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with com- pany, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Miller, Charles — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, December 23, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, December 28, 1862; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; captured and paroled, no dates ; absent, sick, at muster out of company, June 27, 1865 ; no further record. Miller, Freeman — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Har- monj^ to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; promoted corporal, May 4, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, Decem- ber 16, 1863; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, Octo- ber 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; discharged for disability, March 25, 1865. Miller, Gibert — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician, Company C, Sep- tember 4, 1861 ; returned to company as private, no date ; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Miller, Henry — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at New York City, to serve three j^ears ; mustered in as corporal, Company C, September 20, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, December 1, 1861 ; returned to ranks, Febru- ary 27, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. 244 History of the 49th Regiment Miller, Nelson — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F, September 27, 1861 ; deserted, October 2, 1861, from Buffalo, New York; returned to duty, February 1, 1862; deserted, May 12, 1862, from Williamsburg, Virginia. MiNARD, William E. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve one year, and mustered in as private, Company E, February 14, 1865 ; mus- tered out witli company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. MiNEK, George R. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 14, 1861 ; absent, sick, at muster out of company. Moan, Charles — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, December 23, 1862; trans- ferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. MoELLER, John — Age. 40 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, October 7, 1863, at Washington, D. C. MoHR, Martin — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; appointed bugler, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. MoLiN, Lawrence — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D, C. Monahan, Peter — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as pri- vate. Company D, not stated ; recruit ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Monroe, Richard — Age, 21 years. EnHsted, August 26, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 31, 1861 ; died of chronic diarrhoea, December 24, 1862, at Fairfax, Virginia. MoNROW, Richard — Age, 26 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, February 1, 1865 ; mus- tered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Montgomery, George — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F. January 6, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. Moore, Augustus — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; absent, sick, at muster out of company. New York Volunteers 245 Moore, Frank — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Sheldon, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 21, 1864; transferred to Com- pany A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Moore, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, April 13, 1862, at camp ,near Yorktown, Virginia. Moore, John — Age, 22) years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861; deserted, December 11, 1861, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. iMooRE, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, February 15, 1862; deserted, August 4, 1862, from Harrison's Landing, Virginia. MoRiARTY, Philip S. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, no date; returned to ranks, no date; promoted sergeant, July 18, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; pro- moted first sergeant, April 25, 1864; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Morris, Henry — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, September 10, 1864; no further record. Morris, Samuel A. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Sep- tember 5, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Morrison, William — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; transferred to the Navy, December 6, 1863. Moser, Frank — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date; returned to ranks, September 1, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, February 9, 1864; wounded, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Moses, Augustus F. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Mosier, James H. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 13, 1861 ; deserted, September 19, 1861, from Park Barracks, New York City. Moss, Charles H. — Age, 26 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as captain. Company H, October 21, 1861; died of typhoid fever, March 26, 1862, at Lockport, New York. Commis- sioned captain, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 6, 1861, original. 246 History of the 49th Regiment Moss, Frank P.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, November 4, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, November 5, 1861 ; captured in action, October 16, 1863, at Chantilly, Virginia ; exchanged, December 24, 1864; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; dis- charged, February 9, 1865. MoTCH, Frank — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 6, 1862, at Washington, D. C. MouRAY, Sebastian — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Little Falls, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 16, 1864; trans- ferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. MoYLAN, Isaac — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1862, at Ellicott, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company E, August 22, 1862; deserted, July 15, 1864, from Bolivar Heights, Virginia. Mueller, Jacob — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, September 20, 1861 ; promoted corporal, April 10, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; killed in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Mueller, John — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, September 28, 1861 ; died, July 7, 1862, on board of hospital steamer en route to Portsmouth, Rhode Island. Mulkie, William — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1862, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, September 10, 1862; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Mulkin, Erastus — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company I, August 28, 1861; promoted second lieutenant, June 14, 1862; wounded, December 13, 1862, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; dismissed, February 10, 1863. Commis- sioned second lieutenant, June 23, 1862, with rank from June 14, 1862, vice James A. Boyd, promoted. Mullen, Richard — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861 ; died, no date or place. Muller, Frederick — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, May 8, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, no date ; died, September 21, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Muller, John — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, September 10, 1861 ; deserted, no date, from hospital, Yorktown, Virginia. Muller, Rudolph — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, September 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 14, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; wounded, May 5, 1864, New York Volunteers 247 at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; absent, wounded, at muster out of company. MuNS, George T. — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company D, September 9, 1861, as second lieutenant. Company I, May 17, 1863; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Commissioned second lieutenant, April 7, 1863, with rank from February 10, 1863, vice Erastus Mulkins, dismissed. MuRDOCK, Spencer — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, October 21, 1862, at Harewood Hospital, Washington, D. C. Murphy, Charles A. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 12, 1862, at Convalescent Camp, Virginia. Murphy, Patrick — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 2, 1861 ; promoted corporal, April 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; killed in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Murphy, Philip J. — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Clarence, to serve one year, and mustered in as private, Company C, April 10, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Murray, Dennis — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company H, December 15, 1862; trans- ferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Myers, Frank — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; died of disease, no date, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Myers, John — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 5, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 13, 1861; discharged, July 14, 1863. Mylacraine, John E. — Corporal, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; wounded in action. May 4, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia ; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; promoted sergeant, September 1, 1864; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detach- ment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Nabholz, Jacob — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, September 1, 1862, near Bakersville, Maryland; returned, January 2, 1865 ; discharged for disability, no date. Nagel, Charles — Age, 38 years. Enlisted at Poughkeepsie, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, July 14, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; absent at muster out of company. 248 History of the 49th Regiment Nash, Daniel W.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, December 10, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Navel, Charles — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, October 16, 1861, at Camp Big Chestnut, Virginia, to serve three years; mustered in as fife major, October 21, 1861; discharged in November, 1862; prior service as fifer, Company G, Twenty-first New York Infantry. Neeson, Edward — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 3, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; captured in action, June 27, 1862, at retreat to Harrison's Landing, Virginia; absent, at Parole Camp, April 10, 1863; no further record. Nelligan, Michael — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry ; cap- tured in action, May 3, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia ; paroled, no date ; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Nelson, Patrick — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 15, 1863, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Nelson, Adelbert — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 13, 1864; no further record. Nelson, Edward — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, December 2, 1862; deserted, July 2, 1863. Nelson, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, x'\ugust 15, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 12, 1862; died of chronic diarrhoea, November 14, 1862, at Newton University Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. Neuhauser, George — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, September 2, 1862 ; wounded in action, August 21, 1864, near Charlestown, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; mustered out, June 26, 1865, at Jarvis Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. Neumann, Francis — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, January 21, 1864; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; absent, wounded, at muster out of company. Neuroth, George — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, September 29, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 30, 1861; deserted, July 1, 1863, near Manchester, Maryland. Nevins, Madison J. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I. August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 22, 1862. Newman, Arthur — Age, 26 years. Enlisted at Fredonia, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, September 3, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; died of his wounds, June 23, 1864. New York Volunteers 249 Nicholas, John G. — Private, Company I, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; promoted sergeant, March 16, 1865; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Nichols, William H. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. NiTzscHMAN, Charles — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, August 28, 1861 ; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Nolan, William J. — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany B, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date; discharged, June 16, 1865. Nolte, Henry — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 9, 1861 ; appointed wagoner, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Noon, James — Private, Company K, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, D. C. ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Normanton, John — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company G, July 13, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. NoRRis, John D. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; died, June 29, 1862, at hospital, Portsmouth, Virginia. Northrup, Gilbert — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 29, 1862, at hospital, Alexandria, Virginia. Noyes, James H. — Sergeant, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company F, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Nugent, James — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company F, September 12, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, January 12, 1865. 250 History of the 49th Regiment Nugent, Patrick — Private, Company K, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. NuTT, Seldon C— Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; discharged for disability, October 1, 1862, at hospital, Alexandria, Virginia. Odell, Hiram — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 9, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Oder, Hugo — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal. Company D, September 11, 1861 ; discharged, January 3, 1863. O'DoNNELL, Edward — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; to Company G, Febru- ary 15, 1864; to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detach- ment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. O'Hara, James — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, September 5, 1861 ; transferred to United States Signal Corps, no date. Olds, Horace — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged, to date September 3, 1864. Olmstead, Daniel — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of disease, October 28, 1862, at hospital, Washington, D. C. O'Malley, John — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned. May 23, 1864; no further record. O'Neill, John — Age, 31 years. Enlisted at Conewango, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, January 20, 1864; killed in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. O'Regan, Timothy — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Orr, Henry C— Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; pro- moted sergeant, April 1, 1864; captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsyl- vania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; paroled, December 23, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Orr, Thomas — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Sherman, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; New York Volunteers 251 promoted corporal, March 1, 1863; killed in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsyl- vania Court House, Virginia. Ortobein, Gabriel — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, December 9, 1863; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; absent, wounded, at muster out of company. Ortwein, John — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. OsBORN, John — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, September 25, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 26, 1862; captured in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; paroled, no date; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Palmer, Charles — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861 ; deserted, June 1, 1862, from Cold Harbor, Virginia. Palmer, Charles H. — Age, 28 years. Enrolled, August 10, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as captain. Company C, September 4, 1861 ; discharged December 18, 1861. Commissioned captain, September 4, 1861, original. Palmer, Danford M. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 15, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; deserted, November 18, 1861, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Palmer, Ferris — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company C, Septem- ber 4, 1861 ; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Palmeter, Francis — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, November 19, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, November 21, 1861; discharged for disability, November 5, 1862; at Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania. Palmiter, John W. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 3, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Palmore, James W. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Warsaw, and mustered in as private. Company G, July 20, 1864; transferred to Company C, Septem- ber 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Parker, Cyrus W. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861; died, March 28, 1862, at Market Street Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 252 History of the 49th Regiment Parker, Franklin B. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; wounded in action, September 23, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; died of his wounds, May 15, 1864. Parnwell, Elijah — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, September 4, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Parnwell, Samuel — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, September 9, 1861 ; died of chronic diarrhoea, September 17, 1862, at Georgetown, D. C. Partridge, George — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, January 27, 1864, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, January 30, 1864; killed in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; prior service as private. Company G, Twenty-first Infantry. Pascit, John — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician, Company I, August 28, 1861 ; returned to company as private, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran and appointed musician, December 16, 1863 ; transferred to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Patrick, William P. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at White Plains, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, January 8, 1864; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Paul, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, December 15, 1863, at Brandy Station, Virginia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, December 16, 1863; missing in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; no further record; a veteran. Payne, Richard — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, February 27, 1865 ; mustered out with Company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Payton, William — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 30, 1862, at Lock- port, to serve tliree years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 11, 1862; wounded in action. May 9, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; trans- ferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Pearce, Samuel W. — Corporal, Company C, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; died of his wounds, May 28, 1864, at Washington, D. C. Pendergest, Thomas — Age, 28 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, January 17, 1863; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, January 1, 1865; sergeant, June 17, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. New York Volunteers 253 Peririe, Theodore — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 27, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; wounded. May 30, 1862 ; discharged for disability, February 5, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, near Alexandria, Virginia. Perrins, Peter — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, November 10, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, November 16, 1862; deserted, July 17, 1863, from Boonsboro, Maryland. Perry, Egbert — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as private; Company H, August 31, 1861; discharged for disability, December 16, 1862, at Annapolis, Maryland. Perry, Elias — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, February 11, 1864; transferred to Company E, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Perry, Jefferson — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, October 6, 1862, from Boonsboro, Maryland. Peters, Frederick — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, August 31, 1861; promoted corporal, November 1, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, Decem- ber 26, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Peterson, John — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 8, 1863, at camp, near White Oak Church, Virginia. Pettel, Henry S. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Colden, to serve one year, and mustered in as private. Company E, February 21, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Pharo, Stephen M. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Septem- ber 11, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, December 21, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Phelps, James Henry — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 31, 1861 ; discharged for disability, August 1, 1862, at Harrison's Landing, Virginia. Phelps, Josiah Q. — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Panama, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 19, 1862, at Frederick City, Maryland. Pickett, John H. — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as hospital steward, August 23, 1862 ; as assistant surgeon, December 16, 1862 ; mustered out with regiment, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Commissioned assistant surgeon, December 26, 1862; with rank from December 16, 1862, vice William Warren Potter, promoted. 254 History of the 49th Regiment Pickett, Russell E. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, Sep- tember 6, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, February 15, 1864. PiERKEL, Bend — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, December 22, 1863 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Pike, Harmon — Private, Company I, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; mustered out with detach- ment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Piper, Henry W. — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. PixLEY, George W. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Somerset, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company H, Sep- tember 13, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, December 30, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Plant, Anthony — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 1, 1864; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; deserted, September 19, 1864, from Winchester, Virginia. Plant, George W. — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; discharged, February 12, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Plattner, Albert A. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 8, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; dishonorably discharged, June 16, 1865. Plogsted, John F. E. — Age, 39 years. Enrolled, August 1. 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as captain. Company B, October 21, 1861; discharged for disability, August 7, 1862; again mustered in as captain. Company B, October 15, 1862; killed in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Commissioned captain, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 5, 1861, original; captain, reappointed, October 11, 1862, with rank from August 7, 1862, vice himself, resigned. Ploss, Simeon H.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 18, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 24, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PoiLLON, Aaron B. — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Septem- ber 4, 1861; died, October 30, 1862, at hospital. Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Popp, Gottfried — .Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; died, September 1, 1862, at Mill Creek Hospital, near Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Porter, Charles H.— Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; discharged for disability, January 1, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. New York Volunteers 255 Porter, Dolphus S. — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged for dis- ability. May 15, 1865. Porter, Isaac N. — Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal. Company PI, August 31, 1861; discharged for disability, June 6, 1863, at hospital, Annapolis, Maryland. Porter, William — Private, Company D, Twenty-first Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, November 1, 1861 ; discharged. May 22, 1863; subsequent service in Thirty-third Independent Battery. Porter, William — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Lockport, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 10, 1864; no further record. Potter, William Warren — Age, 24 years. Enrolled, September 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as assistant surgeon, September 16, 1861; discharged, December 27, 1862; subsequent service as surgeon, Fifty-seventh Infantry. Commissioned assistant surgeon, January 20, 1862, vi^ith rank from September 16, 1861, original. Powell, William — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, January 28, 1865 ; captured in action, March 27, 1865; absent, a paroled prisoner, at muster out of com- pany. Powers, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Oswego, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, July 18, 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Pratt, Orlin — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia, and October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Pratt, Samuel L. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; wounded, and cap- tured in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; paroled, September 12, 1864; discharged, February 13, 1865, at Parole Camp, Annapolis, Maryland. Pratt, Warren J.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861; returned to ranks, in July, 1862; captured, May 6, 1863; paroled, October 1, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; trans- ferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; absent, sick, at muster out of company. Preble, James — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, November 25, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 7, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia; subsequent service in Company K, Twelfth New York Volunteer Cavalry. 17 256 History of the 49th Regiment Preston, Francis — Age, 34 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company K, February 17, 1862; died of disease, August 14, 1862, at hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Preston, George — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Preston, Reuben M. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, in May, 1862 ; mustered in as second lieutenant, September 19, 1862; as first lieutenant, February 4, 1863; killed in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Commissioned second lieutenant, December 19, 1862, with rank from September 19, 1862, vice Hiram N. Smith, promoted ; first lieutenant, February 27, 1863, with rank from February 4, 1863, vice Hiram N. Smith, promoted. Price, Chauncey — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; died of disease, in November, 1862, at hospital, Hagerstown, Maryland. Proesse, Gottlieb — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, September 11, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 16. 1861 ; missing in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; no further record. Proudfoot, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Seneca Falls, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company K, September 11, 1862; wounded in action, May 3, 1863, at Marye's Heights, Virginia; also July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; discharged for disability, May 12, 1864. PuLFORD, Schuyler — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; no further record than present April 30, 1865. Purcell, Patrick — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; died of chronic diarrhoea, September 8, 1862, at Satterlee Hospital, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania. Purdy, James D.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Har- mony, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; captured in action, May 4, 1863, at Fredricksburg, Virginia; paroled in November, 1863; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Pygus, Abram — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years; mustered in as corporal. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; discharged for disability, January 18, 1863, at Camp White Oak Church, Virginia. Quaintanck, AiJPis J.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Vir- ginia ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. New York Volunteers 257 QuATLANDER, Jacod — Age, 18 ycars. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, March 7, 1864; captured in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; absent, prisoner of war, at muster out of company. Radu, Charles C. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; discharged, to date, June 7, 1865. Raiber, Frederick — Age, 44 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, September 24, 1861 ; dis- charged for disability, December 19, 1862, at Washington, D. C. ; died Janu- ary 10, 1863, at Carver Hospital, Washington, D. C. Rathgeber, Jacob — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, August 22, 1861 ; returned to ranks, November 4, 1861 ; discharged, no date ; no further record. Reardon, Edward — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Warsaw, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, June 8, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Reckard, Orman F. — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; discharged with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. Redman, James — Age, Zl years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, June 3, 1864; no further record. Redpath, Robert E. — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 11, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, February 24, 1862, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Reed, George — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Rochester, to serve one year, and mustered in as private, Company I, August 12, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Reed, William — Age, 23 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 14, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; deserted, September 22, 1864, from Winchester, Virginia. Reiley, John — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as private. Company D, not stated; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Reinard, John F. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; killed in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. 258 History of the 49th Regiment Relf, William E.— Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company D, September 16, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863; transferred to Com- pany B, September 17, 1864; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. Remington, Charles — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, no date; died of disease, September 30, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Remington, Frank — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; died of disease, no date. Rendine, Frederick, alias John Smith — Private, Company , Eigh- teenth Infantry; transferred to Company D, this regiment, February 11, 1864; to Company B, September 17, 1864; absent, in arrest at muster out of company. Reynolds, George E. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 4, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; captured, August 21, 1864, at Charlestown, Virginia ; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date; mustered out with company, June n, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Reynolds, Norman — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 30, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; promoted corporal, April 22, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Rice, Elijah — Private, Company C, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. Rice, Henry B. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted at Jamestown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company K, November 18, 1861 ; trans- ferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; discharged, November 19, 1864. Rich, Benedict — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; died of phthisis pulmonalis, October 24, 1862, at Annapolis Junction, Maryland. Rich, George T. — Age, 36 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, March 8, 1862 ; promoted :orporal, no date ; deserted, July 2, 1863. Rich, Silas G. — .^ge, 21 years. Enlisted at Warsaw, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 19. 1864; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out witli company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Richards, John H. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company 1'. August New York Volunteers 259 22, 1861; promoted sergeant, March 21, 1862; killed in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Richards, Lewis Cass — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, September 18, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, Sep- tember 19, 1862; promoted quartermaster sergeant, October 15, 1862; mus- tered in as first lieutenant. Company E, November 23, 1864; as quarter- master, April 15, 1865; mustered out with regiment, June 27, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Commissioned first lieutenant, September 30, 1864, with rank from September 5, 1864, vice David Lambert, Junior, killed; quartermaster, March 30, 1865, vvith rank from September 17, 1864, vice James A. Boyde, mustered out. Richardson, James — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, March 13, 1862; discharged for disability, October 18, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. RiCHBURG, Henry — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, February 1, 1864, by order of the War Department. Richmond, Bela P. — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged for dis- ability. May 31, 1864. Rider, Jacob — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, February 10, 1864, at Brandy Station, Virginia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, February 11, 1864; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia, and on August 21, 1864, at Charlestown, West Vir- ginia ; discharged for disability, December 19, 1864, on surgeon's certificate. Rieck, August — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Stockton, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Rinker, George — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 11, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, Octo- ber 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Rinker, Jacob — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, at Cobleskill, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, March 17, 1864; no further record. Ritter, Frank T. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 5, 1861 ; promoted corporal, April 18, 1863 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, Decem- ber 16, 1863 ; wounded in action, March 25, 1865, near Petersburg, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Roach, Thomas W. — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; discharged for disability. May 10, 1865, at Rochester, New York. Roach, William E. — Second lieutenant, detachment Thirty-third New York Infantry ; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; 260 History of the 49th Regiment to Company C, no date ; captured June 30, 1864, at Ream's Station, Vir- ginia; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; paroled, no date; mustered out. May 15, 1865. RoBBiNS, William — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, December 4, 1863, at Gerry, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, December 21, 1863; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, March 28, 1865. Roberts, Edward N. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, December 1, 1862; deserted, July 2, 1863, at Gettysburg, Penn- sylvania. Roberts, Junior, George — Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Robins, Devvitt C. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; appointed wagoner, no date ; mustered out, September 29, 1864, at New York City. Robinson, Avery R. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years ; mustered in as first sergeant. Company I, August 28, 1861; returned to ranks, no date; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, December 1, 1863. Robinson, Fayette — Age, 17 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician. Company E, August 31, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Robinson, Joseph C. — Age, 41 years. Enlisted at Sheldon, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company G, June 27, 1864; trans- ferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Robins, Martin — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company D, Septeml)er 17, 1864; promoted corporal, June 17, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Robinson, William H. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, .August 24, 1861 ; discharged for chronic diarrhoea, March 7, 1863, at Camp White Oak Church, Virginia. Rockwell, Daniel — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, November 13, 1862, at hospital, llagers- town, Maryland. New York Volunteers 261 RoDER, Charles — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, September 4, 1862; wounded in action. May 5, 1863, and died of his wounds. May 31, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia. RoDGERS, Henry — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Gainesville, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company H, August 16, 1864; no further record. Rodgers, Joseph E. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; to Sixteenth Company, Second Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps, no date ; mustered out, October 12, 1865, at Washington, D. C. RoDWAY, William J. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, November 27, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, December 7, 1861 ; discharged for disability, April *15, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Roehm, Henry — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 22, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, February 11, 1864. Rogers, Henry — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, December 4, 1862 ; promoted corporal, April 1, 1863; sergeant, August 15, 1863; wounded, May 12, 1864, and died of his wounds. May 21, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Rogers, William — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Elba, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, September 10, 1864; no further record. Rogers, William B. — Private, Company I, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company F, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. RoMAiNE, Albert — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at New York City, to serve one year, and mustered in as private, unassigned, March 28, 1865 ; mus- tered out with detachment. May 8, 1865, at Hart Island, New York Harbor. RooNEY, Peter — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 2, 1864 ; no further record. RooNEY, William — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 9, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. RoscH, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 20, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, September 21, 1861 ; discharged for defective vision, March 14, 1863, at hospital, York, Pennsylvania. Rose, Abraham W. — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, June 29, 1864, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, July 1, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. 262 History of the 49th Regiment Rose, Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 31, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 26, 1863, at White Oak Church, Virginia. Rose, John Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 19. 1861, at l.ock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; deserted, December 20, 1862, from Harewood Hospital, Washington, D. C. Ross, Frank — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company F, August 26, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; deserted in October or November while on recruiting service at Buffalo, New York. Ross, John — Age, 34 years. Enlisted at Newfane, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 1, 1864; no further record. Roth, Theodore. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; transferred to Battery L, Fifth United States Artillery, December 29, 1862. RouLEND, Charles — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, April 10, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Rounds, Asa — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 9, 1863, at camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. Rowan, James — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Rowan, Martin W. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 13, 1863, at Harewood Hos- pital, Washington, D. C. Rowlands, Robert — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 17, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, September 18, 1862; transif.rred to First New York Battery, December 5, 1863. RoYAN, Christian — Age, 46 years. Enlisted at Allegany, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company G, June 4, 1864 ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. RuHLE, William — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, September 10, 1861 ; pro- moted corporal, March 12, 1863; killed in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. Rundschu, John — Age, 40 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, September 30, 1861 ; died, August 2, 1862, in hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Rush, William — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D. September 30, 1862; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; wounded in New York Volunteers 263 action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; absent at muster out of company. Russell, Nathaniel J.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Sep- tember 11, 1861; promoted sergeant, no date; died of chronic diarrhoea, November 19, 1862, at Hagerstown, Maryland. Russell, Junior, Solomon W. — Age, 25 years. Enrolled and mustered in first lieutenant, Company B, June 17, 1863; as captain, September 14, 1864; transferred to Company D, on consolidation, September 17, 1864; mus- tered in as major, April 16, 1865; mustered out with regiment, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. ; prior service in Seventh New York Cavalry and Eighteenth New York Infantry. Commissioned first lieutenant and adjutant, June 17, 1863, with rank from June 17, 1863, vice William S. Bull ; captain, September 9, 1864, with rank from May 6, 1864, vice John F. E. Plogsted, killed in action; major. May 17, 1865, with rank from April 1, 1865, vice George Holden Selkirk, promoted ; not mustered as major; wounded, April 6, 1865. Russell, Thomas — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three 3'ears ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, September, 1862, at hospital, Washing- ton, D. C. RussERT, Christian — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, January 20, 1864, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, January 30, 1864; wounded in action, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. ; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Ryan, George — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; deserted, November 6, 1862. Ryan, James — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three year.s, and mustered in as private, Company G, July 12, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, September 19, 1864, at Winchester, Virginia ; absent, wounded, at muster out of company. Ryan, John — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Newfane, to serve three years and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 1, 1864; no further record. Sacker, John — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, September 11, 1862; deserted, October 27, 1862, from Hagerstown, Maryland. Sackett, Zaven J. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; returned to ranks in 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; appointed wagoner, no date ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Salmon, David — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 20, 1862. 264 History of the 49th Regiment Sampson, Lucius W. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861; discharged for disability, December 20, 1862. Sanders, Charles — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, July 1, 1864, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company I, July 4, 1864; trans- ferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out, May 10, 1865, at Baltimore, Maryland. Real name Robert B. Folts. Sargenbach, David — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buf-, falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 27, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Sarles, Benjamin D. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 4, 1861 ; missing in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; no further record. Sarles, Elisha B. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861; promoted corporal, July 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 17, 1863; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Vir- ginia; transferred to Company E. September 17, 1864; to Twrenty-second Company, Second Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps, no date ; mustered out, November 21, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sauerwein, Augustus W. — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, January 27, 1864, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, Jan- uary 28, 1864; mustered out, June 3, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sayres, Charles A. — Age, 29 j^ears. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, August 29, 1862 ; promoted corporal, January 1, 1863; sergeant, no date; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; killed in action, September 19, 1864. at Opequon, Vir- ginia. Commissioned, not mustered, second, lieutenant, September 30, 1864, with rank from September 5, 1864, vice William J. Kaiser, promoted. Scelly, Thomas — Private, Company B. Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; wounded, March 27, 1865; mustered out with detach- ment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Schaefer, Lorenz — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, September 26, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, September 27, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 5, 1862, at Fort Columbus Hospital, New York Harbor. ScuEUiENBERGER, JoHN — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, September 20, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, Sep- tember 21, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, March 26, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. ; color sergeant. Scheiffle, Michael — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, March 7, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, September 22, 1864, at iMshcr's Hill, Virginia; absent, wounded, in hospital at muster out of company ; no further record. New York Volunteers 265 ScHENCK, Louis — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, August 26, 1861 ; deserted, August 31, 1861, from Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. ScHiMMERHORN, STEPHEN Van Rensselaer — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to Company E, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, June 16, 1865. ScHiNDLER, John — Private, Company , Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, February 1, 1864. ScHLiEF, William — Age, 42 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, January 13, 1862; discharged, April 25, 1862, at Camp Winfield Scott, Virginia. Schmidt, Jacob — Age, 36 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for hernia, December 18, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Schneider, Daniel — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 26, 1862; promoted corporal, April 18, 1863; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virgina; July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C, and September 19, 1864, at Opequon, Virginia; mus- tered out with detachment, at Washington, D. C. Schneider, Henry — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861; promoted corporal, September 1, 1862; sergeant, February 1, 1863; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Scholz, Philip — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, September 17, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company B, September 18, 1861, promoted sergeant, April 10, 1862; died, October 14, 1862, at Ebenezer Hospital, Washington, D. C. Schoonoven, David — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Schram, Andrew — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, January 30, 1862; re-en- listed as a veteran, February 13, 1864; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Schuler, John — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, September 17, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 18, 1861; died September 30, 1862, at Mill Creek Hospital, near Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Schultz, Frederick — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F, September 2, 1862; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; died. May 21, 1864, at Carver Hospital, Washington, D. C. 266 History of the 49th Regiment ScHULTZ, Frederick — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three j'cars, and mustered in as private, Company I, December 1, 1862; killed in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. ScHvvECKENDicK, AuGUST — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, Septem- ber 2, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, December 7, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. ScHWEiGERT, Charles — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 8, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, Sep- tember 10, 1862; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mus- tered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. ScoTT, Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, July 6, 1864; transferred to Com- pany D, September 17, 1864; deserted on expiration of furlough, Decem- ber 12, 1864, at hospital. Scott, Edward — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company F, August 31, 1861; deserted in September, 1861, from Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Scott, Henry — Age, 19 years. Enlisted. August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 9, 1863, at hospital. Fort- ress Monroe, Virginia. Scott, William H. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, May 12, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Scott, William W. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, September 5, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 11, 1862, at Newark, New Jersey. Scott, William W. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1862 at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 8, 1862; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Searson, Nutten — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company B, February 3, 1865 ; mus- tered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Secord, David — Age, 32 years. Enlisted at Castile, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company A, July 12, 1864; absent, wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. See, Silas M.— Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Harmony, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died, November 18, 1862, in hospital, Washington, D. C. Seeley, Walter G. — Enrolled, but not mustered in, as first lieutenant. Company I ; commissioned, declined first lieutenant, January 17, 1862, with' rank from January 17, 1862, vice Erastus D. Holt, promoted. Seiffert, Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, November 22, 1862 ; trans- New York Volunteers 267 ferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Selkirk, George Holden — Age, 26 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company D, September 16, 1861; as adjutant, June 8, 1862; as captain. Company D, October 4, 1862; wounded in action, J\Iay 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mus- tered in as major, April 15, 1865; as lieutenant colonel, April 16, 1865; mustered out with regiment, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned first lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from Sep- tember 6, 1861, original; adjutant, June 10, 1862, with rank from May 31, 1862, vice William Bullymore, deceased ; captain, December 24, 1862, with rank from October 4, 1862, vice William F. Wheeler, dismissed; major, October 31, 1864, with rank from October 28, 1864, vice Andrew W. Bra- zee, mustered out; lieutenant colonel. May 17, 1865, with rank from April 1, 1865, vice Erastus D. Holt, promoted ; colonel, not mustered. May 17, 1865, with rank from April 3, 1865, vice Erastus D. Holt, killed. Selle, Alexander — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, August 29, 1862 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Severs, Aaron B. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Sep- tember 19, 1861; discharged for disability, November 21, 1862, at Philadel- phia, Pennsjdvania ; subsequent service in Company E, Second Mounted Rifles. Sevd, Alexander — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 1, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, September 5, 1861 ; deserted, July 14, 1863, from Williamsport, Maryland. Seymour, Charles W. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, Septem- ber 4, 1861 ; died, July 31, 1862, at Harrison's Landing, Virginia. Shaffer, Caleb H. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 10, 1861; discharged for disability, June 23, 1862. Shaffer, Nicholas — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, January 16, 1862, from Camp Griffin, Virginia. Shaffer, James W. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Mina, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, July 5, 1864; wounded in action, September 19, 1864, at Opequon, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. Shaver, Charles — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company K, Septem- ber 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; promoted cor- poral, April 1, 1864; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania 268 History of the 49th Regiment Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Shaw, Daniel — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company A, August 24, 1861; promoted sergeant, March 1, 1863; deserted, July 17, 1863, at Waynes- boro, Pennsylvania. Shaw, Henry A. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, Septem- ber 4, 1861 ; died of dropsy, July 10, 1862, at Mill Creek Hospital, Virginia. Shay, Thomas — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, October 3, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, no date ; trans- ferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; discharged, November 29, 1865, at Elmira, New York. Shebel, John G. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company D, September 9, 1861 ; re-en- listed as a veteran, December 25, 1863; captured, July 21, 1864; trans- ferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; paroled, December 23, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sheldon, Harrison — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861; captured in action, October 14, 1863, at Bristoe Station, Virginia; no further record. Shelley, William M. — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company C, September 20, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; trans- ferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; promoted sergeant, February 4, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Shepperd, Elias — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted corporal, January 10, 1862; returned to ranks, January 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; wounded, March 25, 1865; discharged for disability, June 19, 1865. Shepperd, Jeremiah — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; promoted corporal January 10, 1862; died of typhoid fever, June 9, 1862, at hospital. New York City. Sherman, Albert V. — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; promoted corporal, no date; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sherman, Charles W. — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sherman, Delos — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- New York Volunteers 269 tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Sherman, James M. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sherman, Levi W. — Age, 23 years. EnHsted, August 19, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sherman, Louis — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 9, 1864 ; no further record. Sherwood, Benjamin — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Sep- tember 4, 1861 ; discharged, December 8, 1862, at Belle Plain, Virginia. Sherwood, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, January 29, 1864; no further record. Shippee, Elijah H. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; promoted corporal, no date; sergeant, March 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Short, William — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, and mustered in as private. Company G, July 18, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; absent at muster out of company. Shum, Albert — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Mina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability. May 12, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Shutts, Alonzo J.— Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as wagoner. Company C, August 30, 1861; discharged for disability, December 15, 1862, at hospital. New York City. Siebenhuener, Carl — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, November 1, 1862. Sigwald, Charles — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, September 11, 1861; discharged for disability, December 2, 1862, at Fairfax Seminary Hospital, Virginia. SiLSBY, Jay — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company H. August 31, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, November 1, 1862; died of typhoid pneumonia, February 3, 1863, at Windmill Point Hospital, Virginia. 270 History of the 49th Regiment SiLSBY, John D.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Corapany H, August 31, 1861 ; wounded in action, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland; discharged for his wounds, March 30, 1863. Simmons, Adelbert P. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, December 18; 1863; died. May 8, 1916, at Jamestown, New York. Simon, Peter — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, March 6, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, March 13, 1864; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, April 1, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Simpson, Harry H. — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, September 14, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 10, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Simpson, Jacob — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Grand Island, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, July 8, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Simpson, James A. — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, July 29, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; promoted first sergeant, no date ; discharged for disabiHty, July 17, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Simpson, John — Age, 41 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, November 11, 1864; no further record. Simpson, John D. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever. May 28, 1862, at White House Landing, Virginia. Skillman, Theodore — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Skinner, George — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned. May 25, 1864; no further record. Slack, William H.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 5, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 21, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Slater, Bradford — Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted corporal, March 31, 1862; sergeant, November 1, 1862; first sergeant, March 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 12. 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Slater, John — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Newfane, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 1, 1864; no further record. New York Volunteers 271 Slayton, Reuben H. — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Panama, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; re-enlisted^ as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action, no date; transfered to Veteran Reserve Corps, no date. Slingerland, Edward A.— Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, August 28, 1861 ; first sergeant, January 1, 1862; deserted, September 6, 1862, from hospital. Smaldridge, James H. — Private, Company A, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Smith, Albert — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 24, 1861, at Wilson, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date; died of disease, October 21, 1862, at Fairfax Seminary Hospital, Virginia. Smith, Alexander — Age, 37 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, August 26, 1861, from Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Smith, Anthony — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, August 26, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 27, 1863 ; subsequent service in Company D, Second Mounted Rifles. Smith, Charles, 1st — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Rochester, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company A, July 8, 1864; wounded, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; absent, sick, at muster out of company, June 27, 1865. Smith, Charles, 2nd — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Yates, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, July 12, 1864; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. Smith, Charles H. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, November 24, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, Decem- ber 7, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, June 21, 1862, at Trent House Hospital, Virginia. Smith, Charles P. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, August 24, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, January 1, 1865; sergeant, June 17, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Smith, Eugene F. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1862, at Ellicott, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, August 25, 1862; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; captured, January 9, 1865; paroled, June 3, 1865 ; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. Smith, Henry — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, September 11, 1861; deserted, September 19, 1861, from Park Barracks, New York City. 18 272 History of the 49th Regiment Smith, Henry E. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Poland,. to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861; died, September 12, 1862, in Ebenezer Hospital, Washington, D. C. Smith, Hiram N. — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as first sergeant, Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861; promoted second lieutenant, in April, 1862; mustered in as first lieutenant, September 19, 1862 ; as captain, February 4, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; discharged for disability, June 22, 1864. Commissioned second lieutenant. May 13, 1862, with rank from April 19, 1862, vice Elial Foote Carpenter, promoted ; first lieutenant, December 19, 1862, with rank from September 19, 1862, vice Elial Foote Carpenter, resigned ; captain, February 27, 1863, with rank from February 4, 1863, vice Alonzo J. Marsh, resigned. Smith, James — Age, 38 years. Enlisted at BufTalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, April 5, 1862 ; captured and paroled, no dates; discharged for disability, April 13, 1863, at Washington, D. C. Smith, James H. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 19, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, unassigned, September 20, 1862; no further record. Smith, John — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, December 18, 1863, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, December 19, 1863, wounded, August 21, 1864; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Smith, John F. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1862, at Ellicott, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, August 26, 1862 ; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Smith, Joseph — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 5, 1861 ; deserted, September 20, 1862, from Sharpsburg, Maryland. Smith, Julius — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; promoted corporal, April 25, 1864; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Vir- ginia; promoted sergeant in August, 1864; transferred to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864 wounded in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Vir- ginia; promoted first sergeant, November 8, 1864; mustered in as second lieutenant, April 15, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned second lieutenant. May 11, 1865, with rank from March 30, 1865, vice Augustus B. Meyer, promoted. Smith, Michael — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, August 31, 1861 ; discharged, December 31, 1863 ; subsequent service in First New York Independent Battery. Smith, Michael W.— Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, Sep- New York Volunteers 273 tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washing- ton. D. C. Smith, Philander L. — Age, 37 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; promoted first sergeant, no date ; discharged for pulmonary con- sumption, February 28, 1863. Smith, Robert — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, December 16, 1862; deserted, July 1, 1864. Smith, Robert F. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted corporal in August, 1862; sergeant, March 1, 1863; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Smith, Sumner A. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Stock- ton, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, September 9, 1861; promoted corporal, November 12, 1862; sergeant, January 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 18, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; mustered out October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Smith, Thomas — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Jamestown, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company K, November 18, 1861 ; dis- charged for disability, April 13, 1863, at hospital, Washington, D. C. Sneider, George — Age, years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, March 6, 1862; discharged for disability, February 6, 1863, at Convalescent Camp. Sniffin, James E. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 25, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 20, 1861 ; discharged, November 17, 1862, at White Plains, Virginia. Soles, Benjamin — Age, 43 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1862, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 30, 1862; discharged for disability, March 13, 1863, at Baltimore, Maryland. Sorber, Hiram. — Age 23 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1862, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, September 10, 1862; wounded in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; trans- ferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, April 14, 1865. Soule, Ebenezer — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 11, 1861; discharged, October 14, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Southard, John B. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September S, 1862; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 13, 1865, at White Hall Hospital, Bristol, Pennsylvania. SouTHWiCK, William H. S. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Busti, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; absent, sick, at muster out of company. Spaulding, Jerome — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Septem- 274 History of the 49th Regiment ber 13, 1861; wounded, April 5, 1862; discharged for his wounds, October 11, 1862; subsequent service in Company H, Eighth Artillery. Spaulding, Thomas — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 10, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Septem- ber 13, 1861; wounded in action, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland; no further record. Speck, John — Age, 35 years. Enlisted July 9, 1864, at Warsaw, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, July 12, 1864; wounded, March 25, 1865; discharged, September 18, 1865, at Stanton Hospital, Wash- ington, D. C. Spencer, William — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 2, 1861 ; deserted, September 17, 1862, from Antietam, Maryland. Sperbech, Reuden — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Sperry, Nehemiah — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 29, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company G, September 7, 1861; promoted sergeant, October 21, 1862; first sergeant, January 1, 1863; first lieutenant. May 12, 1864; wounded in action, July 12. 1864, at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C. ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Commissioned first lieutenant, June 23, 1864, with rank from May 11, 1864, vice Fred C. Barger, discharged by order of the Secretary of War on account of disability from wounds received in action. Spillicy, Andrew — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 10, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, June 6, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sprague, Abel — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, February 1, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company D, no date; killed in action, June 30, 1862, at White Oak Swamp, Virginia. Springstead, Hiram P. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Somerset, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Septem- ber 13, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 10, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Squires, Bela — Age, 29 years. Enlisted, December 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company F, December 11, 1861; died, January 18, 1863, at Sixth Corps Hospital, Hagerstown, Maryland. Stafford, Frank J. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 11, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861; re~cnlistcd as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded, July 12, 1864, at Fort Stevens, Wasliington, D. C. ; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out. May 15, 1865, at Ehnira, New York. Stahler, Philip — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, October 24, 1862, at Camden Street Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. New York Volunteers 275 Stamper, Frederick — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, September 5, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 11, 1862; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out vvitii detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Stanton, VVillard — Private, Company C, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1864; died, August 21, 1864, at Le Camp Hospital, David's Island, New York Harbor. Steele, Wesley B. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Lockport, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company H, September 12, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, no date ; wounded in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Vir- ginia; died of his wounds. May 16, 1863, at Potomac Creek Bridge, Virginia. Stein, Gottlob — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 25, 1863, at Turner's Lane Hospital, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania. Steinmetz, Gabriel — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, September 21, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, Septem- ber 26, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; captured in action, June 4, 1864, at Cold Harbor, Virginia ; paroled, no date ; died, December 14, 1864, at Annapolis, Maryland. Sterry, James H. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; returned to ranks, December 1, 1861 ; deserted, on expiration of furlough, March 14, 1863. Stevens, Edwin C. — Age, 17 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as drummer. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged, January 15, 1862. Stevens, Phineas — Age, 47 years. Enrolled, August 5, 1861, at Westfield, to serve three years ; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, April 29, 1862. Commissioned first lieuten- ant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 5, 1861, original; subsequent service as captain. Company G, One Hundred and Twelfth Infantry. Stevens, William — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Oran, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, April 10, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Stevenson, Thomas — Age, 34 years. Enlisted at Lebanon, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, January 26, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Steward, Daniel— Private, Company , Thirty-third Infantry; trans- fered to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; discharged, April 30, 1864. Steward, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Niagara, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, July 1, 1864; transferred to Com- pany D, September 17, 1864; wounded, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia ; absent, at muster out of company. 276 History of the 49th Regiment Stewart, Robert — Age, 36 years. Enlisted at Concord, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, January 12, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Stewart, Charles J.— Age, 29 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1862, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 25, 1862; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Stewart, Henry — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, February 26, 1865; mustered out with company, June 21, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Stewart, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company H, December 16, 1862; killed, June 4, 1863, while on picket. Still, Alfred — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 9, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Stillson, Lyman D. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 14, 1862, at Annapolis, Maryland. Stoolfire, Irwin — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861; promoted corporal, June 1, 1862; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Stokes, John H. — Age, 17 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Stone, Harmond E. — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 10, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 28, 1862, at Convalescent Camp. Stone, William H. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 13, 1S61, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, Septem- ber 16, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 14, 1863, at Convalescent Camp, near Alexandria, Virginia. Stonehouse, James — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Mina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; missing in action, June, 1862, at Savage Station, Virginia; no further record. Story, Edmund — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 15, 1864; no further record. Strang, William — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chcstcr, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company C, Septem- ber 4, 1861; returned to ranks, April 20, 1862; deserted, June 1, 1862, from Cold Harbor, Virginia. Stratton, Joseph A. — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1862, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, September 10, 1852; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, March 16, 1865. New York Volunteers 277 Strayer, Levi — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Stringham, Adin C. — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; died of disease, October 3, 1863, at Annapolis, Maryland. Strub, Joseph — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, September 7, 1861; deserted, July 11, 1863, from Waynesboro, Pennsylvania. Struight, Milton — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, September 1, 1862, at hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Stuber, Charles — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, January 21, 1864, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company B, January 27, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Stuber, Peter — Age, 44 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as wagoner, Company B, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 13, 1863, at Alexandria, Virginia. Sturdevant, Charles — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant, Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861; returned to ranks, March 31, 1862; died of congestion of lungs, September 30, 1862, at Bakersville, Maryland. Sullivan, John — Age, 39 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; died of accidental wounds, October 2, 1862, at Alexandria, Virginia. Sullivan, Maurice P. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 6, 1862; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; wounded in action, March 25, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia; mustered out, June 8, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Swallow, John T. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, August 4, 1862, from Harrison's Landing, Virginia. Sweeney, Edward — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as private, Company A, not stated ; recruit ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Sweeney, James — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Utica, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, September 19, 1864; no further record. Sweeney, Patrick — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company K, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, August 24, 1864; discharged for promotion to second lieutenant, One Hundred and Eighty-eighth Infantry, November 23, 1864. Sweet, Linford — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; 278 History of the 49th Regiment wounded in action, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland ; discharged for his wounds, December 12, 1862. Sweet, Orrin S. — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; transferred to Com- pany D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1S55, at Washington, D. C. SwiCK, Hugh M. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, August 31, 1861 ; mustered out with company, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. SwiCKER, George — Age, 42 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861 ; deserted, September 20, 1861, from Park Barracks, New York City. Taggart, Edgar E. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, no date. Tall, Richard — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, September 1, 1862, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, September 11, 1862; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Tallady, Thomas E. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Somerset, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, Sep- tember 16, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Tanner, Reuben B. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Panama, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; absent, sick, at muster out of company. Taylor, James — Age, 25 years. Enlisted at Galen, to serve three years. and mustered in as private. Company D, February 22, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 21 , 1865, at Washington, D. C. Taylor, Jerry — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 13, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; transferred to Company I, September 21, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 23, 1862, at Newark, New Jersey. Taylor, Peter A. — Age, 25 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant. Company D, October 21, 1861; promoted first lieutenant. May 31, 1862; discharged, September 6, 1863; commissioned second lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 20, 1861, original; first lieutenant, June 10, 1862, with rank from May 31, 1862, vice George Holden Selkirk, promoted. Taylor, Robert H. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 23, 1861. at Lock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company H. August 31, 1861 ; captured in action, May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia ; paroled, no date; rc-cnlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; transferred to Com- pany E, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. New York Volunteers 279 Teller, John B. — Private, Company , Thirty-third Infantry, trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, First Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, no date ; mustered out, July 14, 1865, at Elmira, New York. Tenney, Newton F. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; discharged, April 21, 1865. Terry, Seward Harmon — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company G, August -30, 1861; promoted second lieutenant, December 26, 1861; first lieutenant, April 29, 1862; mustered in as captain, December 1, 1862; killed in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. Commissioned second lieutenant, February 12, 1862, with rank from December 23, 1861, vice Justin G. Thompson, resigned ; first lieutenant. May 19, 1862, with rank from April 29, 1862, vice Phineas Stevens, resigned; captain, November 11, 1862, with rank from September 2, 1862, vice Jeremiah C. Drake, promoted. Tewey, Timothy — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; deserted, June 14, 1863, from Brook's Station, Virginia. Theis, John — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, March 6, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, March 13, 1864; killed in action, August 21, 1864, near Charlestown, West Virginia. Thielman, Leonard — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 5, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 6, 1861; deserted, September 1, 1862, from Fairfax Court House, Virginia. Thoenne, Jacob — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 10, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Thomas, John — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 28, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company B, Septem- ber 17, 1864 ; promoted corporal. May 19, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Thomas, Peter — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; transferred to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; promoted corporal, June 17, 1865; mustered out with com- pany, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Thompson, George — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; deserted, December 31, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Thompson, Hiram P.— Age, 21 years. EnHsted, August 19, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, August 31, 1861; promoted corporal, November 1, 1862; sergeant, March 3, 1863; 280 History of the 49th Regiment re-enlisted as a veteran, February 11, 1864; wounded in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; promoted regimental commissary sergeant, June 17, 1865; mustered out with regiment, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Thompson, Justin G. — Age, 24 years. Enrolled, August 16, 1861, at Stockton, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 23, 1861 ; com- missioned second lieutenant, September 30, 1861, with rank from September 5, 1861, original. Thompson, Norman R. — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Stockton, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; promoted sergeant, December 26, 1861, wounded in action, Sep- tember 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland; May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; promoted regimental commissary sergeant, July 30, 1864; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Thompson, Wayne — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; discharged for disability. May 3, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Thompson, William H. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years, mustered in as private, Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; transferred to Navy in December, 1863. Thorn, Stephen C. — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 20, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; killed in action, June 5, 1864, at Cold Harbor, Virginia. Thornton, Andrew — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; died of fever, April 10, 1862, at Newport News, Virginia. TiCE, John — Age, 2)1 years. Enlisted, September 8, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, September 9, 1861 ; discharged, January 26, 1862. TicKNOR, Alroy a. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Ashville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability. May 29, 1862, at Mount Pleasant Hospital, Wash- ington, D. C. ; subsequent service as captain, Company , One Hundred and Twelfth Infantry. Tiffany, Wallace — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, November 19, 1861, at Ellicott, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, November 21, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863; captured in action. May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Company C, Sep- tember 17, 1864; absent, prisoner of war, at muster out of company. TiLLiNGHAST, Henry D. — Age, 30 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at lUiffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as quartermaster, October 21, 1861 ; died of disease in May, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Commis- sioned first lieutenant and quartermaster, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 18, 1861, original. Monument Erected at the Bloody Angle by the Survivors of the 49th Regiment, New York Volunteers New York Volunteers 281 TiNDAL, William — Age, 33 years. Enlisted, August 31, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years; mustered in as sergeant. Company H, September 6, 1861 ; promoted first sergeant, March 30, 1862 ; mustered in as second lieutenant, August 3, 1862; dismissed, February 24, 1864. Commissioned second lieutenant, October 11, 1862, with rank from August 3, 1862, vice William De Lancey Boughton, promoted. TiSDALE, George M.— Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out. May 15, 1865, at Elmira, New York. Todd, Hollis D.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as fifer. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; promoted fife major, September 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1853; mustered out with regiment, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. ToLAND, John — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F, January 29, 1862 ; promoted corporal, March 26, 1862; deserted. May 29, 1862, from New Bridge, Virginia. ToTTEN, Stephen — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as private, Company E, not stated ; deserted, no date. Trier, Henry — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 11, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company E, September 15, 1862; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Tritschler, Charles — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 10, 1851, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company B, September 12, 1861 ; discharged for hypertrophy of the heart, March 12, 1863, at hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. Trommeter, Henry — Age, 39 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 27, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Troutman, Peter — Age, 41 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, March 12, 1862; discharged, November 20, 1862, at Fort McHenry, Maryland. Truax, Charles L. — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863 ; wounded, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, April 28, 1865. Truax, Joseph H. — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry, trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, April 28, 1865. Tucker, Albert D.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as sergeant, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; died of disease, November 13, 1862, at Fairfax Seminary Hospital. Virginia. Tucker, Darius — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, September 14, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company A, September 16, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 19, 1862, at Convalescent Camp, Virginia. 282 History of the 49th Regiment Turk, Rice — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Forestville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company I, September 28, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, June 19, 1862, at Trent House Hospital, Virginia. Turner, Henry — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company C, September 20, 1861 ; deserted from hospital, Yorktown, Virginia, no date. Turner, James — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Kiantone, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company A, December 21, 1863; wounded in action, April 2, 1865, near Petersburg, Virginia ; discharged for disability, June 3, 1865, at Stanton Hospital, Washington, D. C. Turner, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, December 4, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, December 24, 1862 ; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Turner, John — Age, 28 years. Enlisted at Ellicott, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, February 6, 1864; captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia ; died, September 6, 1864, while a prisoner of war, at Andersonville, Georgia. Grave No. 7670. Turner, Myron — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; re-enlisted and promoted corporal, December 16, 1863; wounded in action, May 6, 1854, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; transferred to Twenty-second Company, Second Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps, March 21, 1865, from which mustered out, November 21, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Turner, Orton — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, August 9, 1862, at hospital, Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Tosh, Alex.\nder — Age, 26 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, September 15, 1864; captured, March 27, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia; paroled, no date; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Tompkins, James H. — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company C, September 4, 1861 ; died, August 6, 1863, at North Castle, New York. Toumey, Dennis — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 5. 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, September 6, 1861 ; promoted corporal, no date ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863; returned to ranks, no date; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; discharged, May 24, 1865. Tyler, Mortimer LeVerne — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as first sergeant. Company G, August 30, 1861; as second lieutenant, September 2, 1862; killed in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; prior service in Eighty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers. Commissioned second lieutenant, December 17, 1862, with rank from September 2, 1862, vice Fred C. Barger, promoted. Tyler, William H. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, September 4, 1861; present, July 3, 1862; discharged, February 10, 1863. New York Volunteers 283 Umberhunn, Richard — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; transferred to Com- pany C, September 17, 1864; promoted corporal, November 23, 1864; sergeant, June 17, 1865 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Uttley, Thomas — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; discharged for disability, April 8, 1865, at hospital. Vail, David W. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at Somer- set, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 13, 1861; promoted corporal, November 1, 1862; returned to ranks, no date; promoted corporal, March 3, 1863 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Buffalo, New York. Valentine, Henry C. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861; promoted sergeant, March 31, 1862; sergeant-major, Novem- ber 1, 1862; mustered in as first lieutenant. Company I, March 1, 1863; killed in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Commissioned first lieutenant, February 27, 1863, with rank from January 21, 1863, vice William S. Hudson, Junior, dismissed. Van Baalin, Henry — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, September 5, 1861 ; killed in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Van Brocklin, Edwin R. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 28, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Van Brunt, Albert — Age, 19 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, November 5, 1862 ; trans- ferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; absent, wounded, at muster out of company. Vanderhorst, Henry — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; captured in action. May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; paroled, no date; died of disease, December 19, 1864, at Camp Parole Hospital, Annapolis, Maryland. Vanderpool, James — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- fered to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; transferred to Company A, September 17, 1864; wounded, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Van Gelder, Alfred — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- fered to Company D, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, Sep- tember 17, 1854; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. 284 History of the 49th Regiment Van Gelder, Henry M. — Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company D, this regiment, February 4, 1863; captured and paroled, no dates; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; dis- charged, June 16, 1865. Van Volkenburg, Timothy — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 8, 1862, at Camp Belle Plain, Virginia. Vaughn, Patrick J. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, September 3, 1861 ; transferred to western gunboat, " Mound City," no date. Vedder, Gustavus — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 27, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; transferred to Company I, September 21, 1861 ; re-enlistcd as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; wounded in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Vir- ginia; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Vedder, William S. — Private, Company B, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washing- ton, D. C. Veith, Joseph — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, September 24, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 26, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. ViCKERY, Edgar R. — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, September 3, 1861, at For- estville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 6, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 19, 1863, at Baltimore, Maryland. Vigala, Bartholomew — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, March 8, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, March 10, 1862; wounded in action, July 2, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; trans- ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, September 16, 1863. Vilbert, Anthony — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as drummer. Company F, August 22. 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1853; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. ViLMiER, Michael — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as private, Company D, not stated; mustered out with company, June 21, 1865. at Washington, D. C. ViSKNisKKi, Felix — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 14, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, June 1, 1863, at hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Voltze, George— Private, Company H, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action. May 12. 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; died, May 18, 1864, in hospital at Fredericksburg, Virginia. New York Volunteers 285 Von Gayl, Frederic — Age, 36 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as first lieutenant, Company B, Au!?ust 28, 1861 ; died, June 12, 1862, in hospital at White House Landing, Virginia. Commissioned first lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 5, 1861, original. VooRHEES, Weizner — Private, Company H. Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; killed in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. VosBURG, Jacob — Private, Company A, First Lincoln Cavalry ; trans- ferred to this regiment, November 12, 1864, for promotion to second lieutenant; no further record. Commissioned, not mustered, second lieuten- ant, November 12, 1864, with rank from November 12, 1864, vice Charles A. Sayres, killed in action. Wadding, Philip — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company I, December 1, 1862; killed in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Wagner, John — Age, 32 years. Enlisted, September 17, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, September 18, 1861 ; died, February 15, 1863, in hospital at Antietam, Maryland. Wagner, Nicholas L — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861; captured in action, September 17, 1863, near Culpepper, Virginia; paroled, no date; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Wahlen, Jacob — Age, 18 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company I, March 6, 1862; re-enlisted as a veteran, March 13, 1864; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Wain, Charles — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, August 16, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged, no date. Wait, Rufus R.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 17, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company H, September 5, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 26, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Com- pany E, September 17, 1864; discharged for disability, April 7, 1865. Waldron, James A.— Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, August 28, 1861 ; sergeant, January 1, 1862; first sergeant, no date; mustered in as second lieutenant, October 4, 1862; discharged, August 10, 1863. Commissioned second lieutenant, February 27, 1863, with rank from October 4, 1862, vice William S. Bull, promoted. Walker, Elias — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, June 29, 1864; no further record. Walker, George T.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 286 History of the 49th Regiment 1861; discharged for disability, September 11, 1863, at hospital, Washington, D. C. Walls, James — Sergeant, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; wounded in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company A, Sep- tember 17, 1864; promoted sergeant-major, September 18, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Walsh, Willl\m W.— Age, 37 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 31, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 14, 1861, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Walters, John — Age, 23 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, September 10, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, July 1, 1863. Walton, Edward W. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; died of pneumonia, February 7, 1862, in Regimental Hospital at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Ward, Frank — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; wounded in action, April 5, 1862, at Yorktown, Virginia; transferred to Sixteenth Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps, no date. Ward, Warren A. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Ellicott, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company K, December 5, 1863 ; killed in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Wark, John F. — Corporal, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; trans- ferred to Company A, this regiment, October 1, 1863; promoted sergeant, no date ; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. Warner, Christian H. — Age, 35 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company D, August 28, 1861 ; transferred to western gunboat " Mound City," Mississippi River, in 1862 or 1863. Warner, Ends — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; captured in skirmish, September 24, 1863, at Stonehouso Mountain, Virginia ; no further record. Warner, Niles T. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 24, 1862, at hospital, Newark, New Jersey. Warren, Harlan P. — Private, Company K, Thirty-third Infantry; appointed musician, no date; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Washburn, Albert — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; promoted first sergeant, no date ; mustered in as second lieutenant, March 1, 1863; dismissed, July 24, 1864. Commissioned second lieutenant, February 27, 1863, with rank from February 4, 1863, vice Reuben M. Preston, promoted. New York Volunteers 287 Waterman, Hiram — Age, 28 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 14, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 10, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; promoted sergeant, September 20, 1864; killed in action, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia. Watkins, Nicholas — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company A, January 30, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Watson, John — Age, 36 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company D, August 22, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 25, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company B, September 17, 1864; wounded, April 2, 1865, at Petersburg, Virginia ; absent at muster out of Company. Weaver, Henry H. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, February 10, 1863, from hospital at Annapolis, Maryland. Weed, John E. — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as sergeant. Company C, Septem- ber 4, 1861; returned to ranks, July 1, 1863; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; promoted sergeant, February 21, 1864; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; absent, sick in hospital, at muster out of company. Weiler, Joseph — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, January 30, 1862; discharged for disability, July 14, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Weinberg, Isaac — Age, 27 years. Enlisted, August 9, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company F, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 19, 1862, at Newport News, Virginia. Weingertner, Michael — Age, 44 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1863, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, December 9, 1863; wounded in action, May 8, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; mustered out for disability. May 22, 1865, at Tilton Hospital, Wilmington, Delaware. Weirner, Augustus — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861; promoted corporal, May 13, 1863; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Weiss, Julius A.— Age, 20 years. Enrolled at White Oak Church, Vir- ginia, and mustered in as second lieutenant. Company C, December 11, 1862; discharged, October 18, 1863, for promotion to captain in Seventh United States Colored Troops; prior service, sergeant. Company C, Twenty-first Infantry. Commissioned second lieutenant, December 13, 1862, with rank from December 11, 1862, vice Henry W. Church, dismissed. Weissenberger, George — Age, 34 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 10, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. 19 2S& History of the 49th Regiment Weissmantel, John Adam — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company B, August 28, 1861 ; killed in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Welch, Redmond — Age, 38 years. Enlisted, August 22, 1861, at Fredonia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; discharged for disability, June 25, 1862, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. Wellington, Levi — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Poland,, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861; died, March 15, 1862, in hospital at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Wellington, Warren C. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestown, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company K, Sep- tember 18, 1861 ; died of disease, August 17, 1862, near Chickahominy River, Virginia. Wells, William H.— Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as musician, Company D, August 28, 1861 ; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. West, William H. — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, September 8, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 9, 1862 ; deserted, July 17, 1863, from Boonsboro, ^Maryland. Wheeler, Benjamin E. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 5, 1861, at Clymer, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; died. March 3, 1862, in hospital at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Wheeler, Charles E. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company G, January 18, 1864 ; transfered to Company A, September 17, 1864; mustered out with company. June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Wheeler, William F. — Age, 26 years. Enrolled, September 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as captain, Company D, October 21, 1861 ; dismissed, October 4, 1862, for absence without leave. Commis- sioned captain, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 6, 1861, original. Whitcomb, Eugene — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, March 10, 1862, at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as wagoner, Company E, March 13, 1863; transferred to Company C, September 17, 1864; discharged, March 10, 1865. White, Benajah B. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, September 16, 1861; promoted corporal, January 12, 1862; captured in action. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; promoted sergeant, November 18, 1863; paroled, no date; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. White, James — Age, 29 years. Enlisted at Newfane, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, October 1, 1864; no further record. White, John C— Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 1, 1861. at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company D, August 22, 1861 ; promoted corporal, November 1. 1861; first sergeant. May 8, 1862; mustered in as second lieutenant, November 28, 1862; as first lieutenant, September 7, 1863; captain. May 10, 1864; captured in action, May 12, 1864. at Spottsyl- vania Court House, Virginia; transferred to Company B on consolidation, September 17, 1864; absent, prisoner of war, at muster out of company; New York Volunteers 289 veteran ; no further record. Commissioned second lieutenant, February 27, 1863, with rank from November 27, 1862, vice Elisha W. Hunt, resigned; first lieutenant, December 19, 1863, with rank from September 7, 1863, vice Peter A. Taylor, discharged. White, Joseph — Private, Company F, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April, 15, 1864. WiDMER, Samuel — Age, 30 years. Enlisted, August 2, 1861, at Buflfalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, August 22, 1861 ; discharged for disability, May 11, 1862, at Alexandria, Virginia. WiEDER, Joseph I. — Private, Company C, Thirty-third Infantry ; trans- fered to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; died in Insane Hospital at Washington, D. C., no date. Wies, Louis — Age, 41 years. Enlisted, September 15, 1862, at Buflfalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company B, September 16, 1862; transferred to Company F, Sixth Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, September 27, 1863, from which mustered out, July 10, 1865, at Cincinnati, Ohio. Wiggins, William Theodore — Age, 26 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at New York City, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant, Company C, September 4, 1861; as first lieutenant, January 6, 1862; as captain, June 16, 1863 ; killed in action. May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Commissioned second lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 4, 1861, original; first lieutenant, February 24, 1862, with rank from January 24, 1862, vice Gilbert J. Greene, resigned ; captain, June 6, 1863, with rank from December 10, 1862, vice William Ellis, promoted. WiGHTMAN, Ira B. — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Fre- donia, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company A, August 24, 1861 ; transferred to Company E, Twentieth Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, October 17, 1863, from which mustered out, November 21, 1865. Wilbur, Solomon — Age, 20 years. Enlisted, August 20, 1861, at Panama, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 8, 1863, at camp near White Oak Church, Virginia. Wilcox, Alamando — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Buflfalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company F, September 18, 1861 ; deserted. May 29, 1862, from New Bridge, Virginia. Wilcox, Alfred E.— Age, 26 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Company K, September 18, 1861; wounded in action, September 17, 1862 ,at Antietam, Maryland; mustered out, October 18, 1864, at Fort Porter, Buflfalo, New York. Wilcox, Alonzo D.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted. August 22, 1861, at Lock- port, to serve three years: mustered in as private. Company H, September 16, 1861 ; died of typhoid fever, February 19, 1862, at Camp Griflfin, Virginia. Wilcox, Daniel — Age, 24 years. Enlisted. August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; re-enlisted as a veteran. December 14, 1863 ; killed in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Virginia. 290 History of the 49th Regiment Wilcox, George — Age, 40 years. Enlisted, September 4, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, September 5, 1861 ; discharged for disability, January 28, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Wilcox, George — Age, 30 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company D, September 6, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 4, 1862, at Washington, D. C. Wilcox, Seymour H. — Age, 36 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; died, no date, at Buffalo, New York . Wilcox, Van — Age, 31 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at Jamestow^n, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, November 2, 1862, at hospital, Washington, D. C. Wilder, Francis M. — Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, Company E, August 29, 1862; promoted corporal, no date; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, October 4, 1863. Wilder, Joseph D. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Stock- ton, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 ; discharged for disability, December 27, 1862. Wilder, Walter D. — Age, 24 years. Enlisted, August 12, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; promoted corporal, August 28, 1861 ; sergeant, March 30, 1863 ; first sergeant, no date ; mustered in as first lieutenant, December 5, 1863 ; wounded in action, May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia ; mustered in as captain, July 12, 1864; transferred to Company C on consolidation, September 17, 1864 ; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Commissioned first lieutenant, November 13, 1863, with rank from May 14, 1863, vice George W. Gilman, discharged ; captain, August 12, 1864, with rank from May 18, 1864, vice Reuben E. Heacock, killed in action. WiLKEN, Christopher — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 7, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company B, August 22, 1861 ■ re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863 ; killed in action, ISIay 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Williams, Charles — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Clarence, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, February 1, 1865; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Williams, Charles — Age, 27 years. Enlisted at Lancaster, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company E, February 25, 1865 ; absent, in arest, April 30, 1865 ; no further record. Williams, Edwin C. — Age, 25 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Poland, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861 : discharged for disability, February 3, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Virginia. Williams, John — Age, 22 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company F, Septemlier 12, 1861 ; deserted, September 12, 1861, at Buffalo, New York. Williams, Leroy D. — Age, 43 years. Enlisted. September 11, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company F, September 13, 1861 ; discharged in July, 1862, at Annapolis Junction. Maryland. New York Volunteers 291 Williams, Levi A.— Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, September 12, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, February 15, 1864. Williams, Robert J.— Age, 20 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned, July 7, 1864; no further record. Williams, Sherman — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at West- field, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company G, August 30, 1861; promoted corporal, June 23, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April 10, 1864, from which mustered out, September 8, 1864, at New York City. Williams, Theodore C. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 21, 1861, at Lockport, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company H, Septem- ber 24, 1861; promoted sergeant, no date; died, July 8, 1862, at Portsmouth Grove Hospital, Rhode Island. Williams, William H. — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 2, 1861, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran, December 16, 1863; wounded in action, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House. Virginia ; died, June 8, 1864, in hospital, at Alexandria, Virginia. Wilson, Charles R. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 6, 1862. at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, Septem- ber 7, 1862; promoted corporal, August 15, 1863; wounded in action. May 5, 1864, and died of his wounds. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Wilson, Daniel L. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 18, 1861 ; discharged for disability, October 13, 1862, at hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Wilson, Robert — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 28, 1861, at Port- chester, to serve three years ; mustered in as corporal. Company C, Septem- ber 20, 1861 ; killed in action. May 6, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia. Wilson, William — Age 24 years. Enlisted, September 7, 1862, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, September 17, 1862; transferred to Company D, September 17, 1864; mustered out with detachment, June 16, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Winegardner, James — Age, 19 years. Enlisted, August 19, 1861, at Buf- falo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, August 28, 1861 ; discharged, for disability, April 23, 1862, at Philadelphia. Pennsylvania. WiNNEY, Henry — Private. Company E. Thirty-third Infantry; captured. May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; paroled. May 15, 1863, at City Paint, Virginia; transferred to Company D. this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company B, September 17, 1864; discharged. June 16, 1865. Winters, Willison — Age, 19 years. Enlisted. August 21, 1861, at Forest- ville, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company I, August 28, 1861 ; deserted, September 19, 1862, from Antietam, Maryland. Witherell, Seymour B.— Private, Company E, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Veteran Reserve Corps, September 1, 1863. 292 History of the 49th Regiment Witter, William Owen — Private, Company D, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company I, this regiment, October 1, 1863; captured in action, May 5, 1864, at the Wilderness, Virginia; transferred to Company D, Sep- tember 17, 1864; died in prison, December 5, 1864, at Andersonville, Georgia. Grave No. 12,227. WoNDERLiN, Franklin — Private, Company C, Thirty-third Infantry; transferred to Company G, this regiment, October 1, 1863; to Company A,. September 17, 1864; wounded, October 19, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Virginia; discharged for disability, January 3, 1865. Wood, Edward M. — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, at Medina, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company H, September 13, 1861; wounded and captured, May 4, 1863, at Fredericksburg, Virginia; paroled in November, 1863; promoted corporal, April 28, 1864; transferred to Company E, September 17, 1864; discliarged, June 23, 1865. Wood, George — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, August 6, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private, Company E, August 28, 1861 ; died of disease, November 10, 1863, at Hagerstown, Maryland. Woodard, Samuel J. — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, August 26, 1861, at James- town to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company K, September 17, 1862, at Antietam, Maryland ; discharged for his wounds, no date. WooLSEY, Elliott H. — Private, Company , Thirty-third Infantry ; transferred to this regiment, unassigned, October 1, 1863; no further record. Wright, Benjamin — Age, 22 years. Enlisted, September 2, 18'51, at Portchester, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company C, Sep- tember 20, 1861 ; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, August 1. 18o3. Wright, William — Age, 21 years. Enlisted, January 24, 1864, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as private. Company E, January 25, 1864 ; transferred to Company C, September 17. 1864; mustered out with company, June 27, 1865, at Washington, D. C. WuERZ, William — Age, 28 years. Enrolled, August 1, 1861, at Buffalo, to serve three years ; mustered in as second lieutenant, Company B, October 21, 1861 ; discharged for disability, March 30, 1862. Commissioned second lieutenant, January 20, 1862, with rank from September 20, 1861, original. York, William — Age, 35 years. Enlisted at Fredonia, to serve three years, and mustered in as private. Company A, September 3, 1861 ; deserted, September 11, 1861, from Fort Porter, Buffalo, New York. Young, Jame.s — Age, date, place of enlistment and muster in as private. Company D, not stated ; mustered out with company, June 27. 1865, at Wash- ington, D. C. ZiMMER, John — Age, 21 years. Enlisted at Buffalo, to serve three years, and mustered in as private, unassigned. May 25, 1864; no further record. Zimmerman, William — Age, 18 years. Enlisted, February 18, 1862. at Buffalo, to serve three years; mustered in as private. Company I, February 19, 1862; discharged for disability, December 27, 1862, at Baltimore, Maryland. INDEX (The numbers refer to pages.) " A Bad Half Hour with General ' Baldy Smith;' article by Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvy, 143-145. Abraham's Creek, 70. Acheon, Charles, 169. Ackerly, Felix, 169. Acquia Creek, base of supplies, 25; 200, 235, 239. Adams, Jacob, 169. Adams, James, 1. Adams, John, 169. Adams, Samuel, wounded, 33 ; 169. Aflfolter, Samuel, 169. Akins, John, 169. Albany, 28, 90, 155, 176, 177, 191. Alberger, Franklin A., 1. Alberger, William Clendenin, field and staff officers, 3 ; wounded, 22 ; 169, 224. Alexander, 203. Alexander, Quartermaster, 142, 143. Alexandria, place of embarkation for Peninsula campaign, 7 ; arrival of Army of Potomac, August 23, 1862, 16; 173, 178, 179, 182, 196, 197, 198, 204, 214, 222, 225, 227, 229, 235, 240, 242, 249, 250, 253, 276, 277, 289. 291. Allegany, 206, 262. Allen, Andrew J., 169. Allen, George M., 169. Allen, James, wounded, 46; 169, 170. Allen, Joseph. 170. Allen, Mrs. Orlando, 155. Allman, John, 170. "All Quiet Along the Potomac," poem by Etheldina Eliot Beers, 131, 132. Alteman, John Peter, 170. Altum, William, 170. Alverson, Nathan F., 170. Amidon, John N., 170. " An Amusing Incident in Camp Life," article by Sherman Williams, 119. Anderson, Adolph, 170. Anderson, John, 170. Andersonville Prison, 47, 202, 208, 210, 227, 229, 282, 292. Andrews, James M., 170. Andrews, Robert, 170. Anglicker, Bernard, 170. Annapolis, 118, 172, 174, 192, 197, 201, 217, 253, 255, 275, 276, 277, 283, 287. Annapolis Junction, hospitals at, 153; 179, 183, 258, 290. Annis, Alonzo, 170. " A Notable Artillery Shot," article by Sergeant Alexander H. Mc- Kelvy, 139, 140. Antietam, record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regiments," 5 ; fording creek, 20, 36; after battle at Couch's Division was assigned to Sixth Corps, 23 ; 37, 46, 145, 155 175, 198, 200, 209, 210, 228, 243, 270, 274, 278, 280, 285, 289, 291. Antietam Hospital, 219, 228. 234. Antietam National Cemetery, 89, 90. " A Personal Interview with Presi- dent Lincoln," article by Major Fred C. Barger, 135, 136. Aplin, Horace W., 170. Appomattox Court House, 6, 86, 156. Apthorp, Thomas, wounded, 53; 170. Arbor, John, wounded, 53; 170. Arkison, Thomas, 170. Arlington Cemetery, 88. Armenslo, John, l70. Armory Square Hospital, 27, 172. Armstrong, George, 170. Armstrong, William, wounded, 86; 170. .A.rmy of the Potomac, 49th Regiment participated in all the battles of, 6 ; reviewed by President Lincoln by moonlight, 15; withdrawn from Peninsula, 15; turned over piece- meal to General Pope, 16 ; under command of General McClellan, 17; hot on trail of Confederates, 18; under command of General Burnside, 23 ; divided into three grand divisions, 25 : under com- mand of General Hooker, 28; re- viewed b}' President Lincoln, in April, 1863, 29; under command of General Meade, 34; in line of bat- tle to prevent Lee from crossing the Potomac river after Gettysburg, 36 ; much marching and counter- marching, 37 ; general movement [293] 294 Index of, 38; Smith's Division of, 41; under command of General Grant, 42; heavy charges by left and right wings, 60 ; lay upon arid plain at Cold Harbor for ten days, 61 ; failed to take Petersburg by sur- prise, 62 ; Sixth Corps ordered to reinforce, 66 ; new era in history of Sixth Corps, 67 ; Sixth Corps became part of again, 85 ; being re- organized by General McClellan, 95 ; moved to the Rappahannock river, 104; 49th Regiment partici- pated in all principal engagements, 125 ; withdrawn to north bank of Rappahannock river, 139; most graceful horseman in, 141. Army of the Tennessee, won many decisive victories under General Thomas, 141. Arnold, Lucius, 170. " Arrowsmith, T. V.", transport car- rying soldiers from Alexandria to Fortress Monroe, 7. Ashville, 171, 280. " A Soldier's Grave," poem by John D. Wells, 102. Aspell, James, 171. Atherly, Rollin D., 171. " A Tribute to a Loyal Virginian," article by Sherman Williams, 140, 141. " A Typical Foraging Expedition," article by Sergeant Alexander H. McKelvy, 133, 134. Austin, William, 171. Ayres' Battery, 8, 13, 214. Babcock, Amos, 171. Bacon, Edwin, captured, 47; 88, 172. Bacon, Leander, 172. Bagley, Alonzo, 172. Bagnall, Samuel A., 172. Bailey, Henry, 172. Bailey, Nelson, 172. Bailey, Willard W., 172. Bailey's Cross Roads, 235. Baker, Charles, 172. Baker, Frank, captured, 38; 172. Baker, James A., wounded and died, 27; 89, 172. Baker, Jerome P., 172. Baker, John G., 88, 173. Bakers ville, 176. 188, 195. 224, 247, 277. Baldwin, Ebenezer, 173. Ball. Samuel, 173. , I'.aUard, John. 173. Ballon. Schuyler S., invocation at dedication of Gettysburg Monu- ment, 88; 173. Ballon, Stephen D., 173. Baltimore, 49th Regiment passed thru, 7 ; protected by Sixth Corps, 34; 188, 196, 217, 221, 222, 232, 235, 248, 264, 273, 274, 281, 284, 292. Banker, John, wounded, 46; 173. Banker, William, 173. Banks' Ford, 30. Baquet, Nicholas, killed, Z7 ; 89, 173. Barbould, Barton C, 173. Barbell, George, 173. Barber, Frank W., 173. _ Barbour, George W., 173. Bardman, John, 174. Barger, Fred C, order to support Hancock's Brigade was hailed with joy, 10; flavor of whisky utterly ruined, 11; prostrate men reduced themselves to thin proportions, 21 ; commanded picket, 22 ; wounded, 27 ; "A Personal Interview with President Lincoln," 135; 174, 274, 282. Barlow, Henry, 174. Barnard, Selah E., 174. Barnes, James. 174. Barnes, Joseph, 174. Barnes, William H., 174. Barnestown. 34. Barnesville, 18. Barney, Thomas, captured, 53; 174. Barrav, Garret, 174. Bartell. John R.. 174. Bartholomew. Harley. 174. Bartholomew. Perry. 175. Bartlett, Albert A., wounded, 22; 175. Barton, Amasa F., 175. Barton, David, 175. Barton, Ephraim, 175. Barton, James. 93. Barton, Jesse, 175. I'atcman, Junior, Michael, 175. Battle (iround National Cemetery, 89. " Battles and Leaders of the Civil War," article on Cold Harbor by General McMahon, 62; discussion of campaign by General Early. 63. Baylis, Jefferson, 175. Baylis, John R.,^175. Beach. Cyrus. 175. Beach. Henry N.. 175. Beach. Loomis J.. 175. Beach, Walter A., 176. Beach, William E., wounded, 17 ; 176. l^ealton Station. 214. i'ear. Samuel, 176. Ikatson. Junior. Robert, killed, 69; 89, 176. Beattie, George, 176. Index 295 Beauregard, General, 13. Beaver Dam Creek, 11, 59. Backer, Alexander, 176. Bedell, Charles P., 176. Beedle, John, 176. Beehler, Frank, 176. Beers, Etheldina Eliot, author of " All Quiet Along the Potomac," 131. Bego, John, 176. Behle, John, 177. Behr, Andrew, 177. Bell, Alexander, 177. Belle Isle, 118. Bell, Lewis, 177. Belle Plain, winter encampment of Army of the Potomac, 27 ; 194, 269, 284. Bellevue Hospital, 211, 218. Bennett, Lewis, killed, 69; 177. Bennett, Stephen M., wounded, 63; 177. Bennett, Thomas, wounded, 62; 177. Benchley, Hayden, 177. Bennington, 236. Benson, Henry, enrolled chaplain, 28 ; 177. Benson, Horace R., died of smallpox, 42; 89. 177. Benson, Robert P., wounded, 53; 177. Benzinger. Conrad, 178. Benzinger, Ferdinand, wounded, 53; 178. Berg, H. Henry, 178. Bergman, Jacob, wounded, 11 ; 178. BerHn, 37, 221. Berndt, Matthias, killed, 52; 178. Berryville, 67, 70. Bever, George, 178. Bickford, Myron H., 178. Bidwell, Benjamin, pioneer ship- builder of Buffalo, 27, 93. Bidwell, Charles Howell, second lieu- tenant Company F, 3, 178, 217. Bidwell, Daniel Davidson, prominent military man of Buffalo, 1 ; field and staff officers. 3 ; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regi- ments," 5, 6; ordered men to load muskets in Baltimore, 7; went home on leave of absence, 27 ; or- dered fire reserved at Marye's Heights, 31 ; three companies of 49th Regiment missing, 32 ; com- mended and thanked the men, 32 ; read and explained Veteran's En- listment Act, 40. 41 ; resolutions of Buffalo Common Council, 41. 42; in command of Third Brigade, 43; on left of First Division, 44 ; re- pulsed Confederate attack, 45; offi- cial report of General Sedgwick, 45 ; deployed regiment, 48 ; official reports of, 55-59 ; in command of attack upon Confederates at Fort Stevens, 64; conspicuous bravery, 65 ; brevetted general, 67 ; his bri- gade cantured six guns at Fisher's Hill, 68; official report of. 70-73; his brigade held the Middletown pike, 74; killed, 75; brigade held the flank, 78; description of his death in official report of General Getty, 81 ; Mayor Fargo's commu- nication, 82 ; communication of Colonel Rogers, 83 ; resolutions of Buffalo Common Council relative to death of, 83, 84; inspiring veterans at annual reunions, 87; memorial services in Buffalo, 90; " A Child's Remembrance of the Funeral," by Miss Grace Carew Sheldon. 90; Larned's tribute to, 91-99; indifference to self, 100-102; poems read at memorial services, 102, 103 ; beloved by men, 125 : led Third Brigade out to battle at Fort Stevens, 129; order given to double quick at Marye's Heights, 136; in- quiry as to colonel, 142; Sergeant McKelvy's failure to salute General Smith, 144-145 ; Sergeant Mc- Kelvy's tribute to, 151-154; pre- sented colors, 155; exercises at Battleground Cemetery, 159, 178, 184. 220. Bidwell Family, 100. Bidwell. John, participated in the Revolutionary War, 27. Bidwell, Mrs. Jane Harvev, 155. Big Bethel, 8, 16. Big Chestnut. 248. Bingenheimer, Philip, 178. Birch, Zebeler, 178. Blackman's Ford, 38. Blackman. Benjamin F.. 179. Black Rock, battle of. 27. Blakeslie. Henrv D.. 179. Bliss. William t., 179. 242. Blodgett. Alonzo F., 179. Bloodv Angle, battle at, 50-54, 56, 69, n. '"^1. 88, 146. 157. Bloomfield. William, 179. Blue Ridge. 34. Boast. John, killed. 45. 179. Bodemann, Christian, wounded, 53; 179. Boehm, Henry, killed, 62; 89, 179. Boice, Richard, 179. Boland, George, 179. Bolivar Heights, 246. Bolster, Amos S., 179, 180. 296 Index Bolton, Charles, 180. Bonaman, Henry. 180. Bonta, Jacob, 180. Boone, William C, 180. Boonsboro. 178, 253, 288. Boorn, Charles N., wounded, 46; 180. Borchard, Edward, wounded, 46; 180. Borcherdt, Julius C, account of en- gagement at Marye's Heights, 30, 31; men had no blankets, 39; exe- cution of two deserters, 41 ; noise enough for a heavy line of battle, 48; forlorn hope charge, 49; on picket duty, 49 ; statement concern- ing Lieutenant White, 50, 51 ; came near being captured bv Confeder- ates, 60; i80. Bosco, Neale, 180. Boss, Henry .S., 180. Boughton, William DeLancey, wounded, 33; 180. Boulles, William E., killed, 11', 180.- • Boutwell. Daniel, 181. Bowen, Andrew J., 181, 187. Bowers, James, 181. Bowman, John, discharged for dis- ability, 28; 181. Boyce, Philip G., 181. Boyde, James A., second lieutenant Company I, 4; 181, 246, 259. Boyle, Barney, 181. Boyle, Harney H., 127, 128, 181. Bracknev, Jav, 181. Bradford, Ofiver, 181. Bragg, Lewis, 181. Brandy Station, followed foe to, 38; winter quarters, 40: 125, 134, 177, 210, 211, 214, 232, 252, 259. Brann, Adam, wounded, 46; 181, 182. Brannon, Stephen, 182. Brant, Frederick, 182. Braj^ec, Andrew, first lieutenant Com- pany 11, 3; muster out, October 18, 1864, 69; 125, 182, 203, 212. Brcndel, Joseph, 182. Brendell, Peter, 182. Brentvillc. 7^1 . 212. Bri<4ham, Risley H., 179, 182. Bristoe Station, 198, 268. Bristow, 38. Bristol, 273. Broad Street Hospital, 234. Brooker, John. 142, 182. Brooklyn. 187, 189, 232. Brooks, Isaac. 182. Brooks, Martin, 182. Brook's Station, 279. Brooks, Thomas, wounded, 53 : 182. Brown, .'\dam, 183. Brown, Adolph C, 183. Brown, George H., 183. Brown, James, 183. Brown, John, 183. Brown, Philip, 88, 183. Brown, Thomas, 183. Brown, Varnum, 183. Brown, William, 183. Brownell, Charles P., 183. Brownell. Leverette B., 183. Bruggeman, Frank, wounded, 65 ; 183. Bruner, John, wounded, 46; 183. Brunier, Horace, 184. Bryant, William, 184. Buckelew, Francis, 184. Buckevestown, 66. Budd," Hiram, 184. Buffalo, Linion Defense Committee of, 1 : old and prominent citizens of, 2; where Companies B, D, E and F were recruited, 3 ; 6, 27, 69, 82, 90, 91, 100, 102, 121, 151, 154, 155, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 1^7, 198 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247. 248, 249, 250. 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263. 264, 265, 266, 267, 270, 271. 272, 212,, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286. 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292. Buffalo Common Council, resolutions for promotion of Colonel Bidwell, 41, 42; resolutions relative to dcatti of General I^idwcll. 83, 84. Buford, General, fell in with van of Lee's army at Gettysburg, 35. Bugbee, George C, 184. Hugbee. James A., 184. l^ull Run, second battle of, 16, 124. Bull, William S.. second lieutenant Company E. 3. 184, 263, 285. Bullymore, William, actively at work, 1 ; field and staff officers, 3 : 184. Bundschu, John, 184. Burckhardt, Julius, captured, 87 ; 184. Burgin, James, 184. Burgoyne. surrender of, 27. Burke, Dennis, 185. Burke, Thomas. 185. Burkittsville, 18. lUirksvillc Junction, 2. lUirnet. George W., 185. Burnham, Henry. 185. Index 297 Burnside, Ambrose Everett, ap- pointed commander, 23 ; Freder- icksburg campaign, 25-28; in com- mand of Ninth Corps, 48. Burtch, Walter, 185. Burt, Mrs. Mary P., 155. Burton, Emory E., 185. Bush, Asa A., 185. Bush, Chandler B., 185. Bush, Eli C. 185. Bush, William, 185. Busher, Albert W., 185. Busti, 208. Butler, Benjamin F.. 48. Butterson, Frank, 185. Cady, Edwin A., wounded, 33 ; 185. Cadv, James, wounded and captured, 53, 54; 185. Cain, Alexander, 184, 186. Calderwood, Hugh A., killed, 45 ; 89, 186. Caldwell, Arthur L., 186. Callahan, Peter, 186. Calvin, James B., 186. Camden Street Hospital, 274. Campbell, James. 89, 186. Campbell. John W., 186. Camp Griffin, 119, 140, 141, 142, 179, 183, 184, 185, 188, 190, 197, 201, 204, 207, 208, 209, 217, 221, 225, 231, 234, 235. 236, 238, 242, 245, 248, 251, 253, 257, 265, 266, 267, 270, 274, 279, 283, 286, 287, 288, 290. Camp Leslie, 7. Camp Lincoln, 12, 143, 151, 152, 154, 230, 231. 233. Camp Winfield Scott, 198, 205, 265. Canfield, Albert G., 186. Canning, John, wounded, 46; 186. Caple, Robert, 186. Carley, James, 186. Carney, James, 186. Carpenter, Elial Foote, second lieu- tenant Company K, 4; 112th Regi- ment, 23; killed, 24; 187. 272. Carpenter, John, 187. Carpenter, Thomas R., 187. Carr, Thomas, 187. Carroll, 182. Carroll, James M., 187. Carroll, John, 187. Casey. Silas, president of examining board, 128. Carson, James H., 89, 187. Carson, Kit, presented mustang to General Davidson, 141. Carter, John, 187. Carver Hospital, 186, 257, 265. Carver, Stephen T., 187. Casey, John P., 187. Castile, 266. Cathcart, Rodney S., 187. Catlin, George R.. 187, 188. Cedar Creek, battle of, 74-81 ; Sheri- dan did not arrive at until after retreat of Union army had been stopped, 76; 4, 5, 6. 67. 69, 82, 85, 87,97,98, 153, 154, 156, 176, 178, 180, 197, 202, 203, 206, 213, 216, 220, 221, 222, 223, 235, 243, 244, 246, 247, 249, 255, 258, 259, 262, 263, 267, 269. 271, 275, 283, 286, 287, 292. Cedar Mountain, 172. Cemetery Hill, 35. Centerville, 16, 197. Chain Bridge, 7. 121. Chamberlain, Spencer S., 188. Chambersburg, 34, 66. Chancellorsville, battle of, 29-33; 34, 95, 187. Chantilly, battle of, 16, 38, 246. Chapin, Enoch, 88, 188. Chapin, Gilbert C, 188. Charles Citv Court House, 62. Charlestown, 5, 67, 96, 101, 192, 248, 258, 259, 279. Charlotteville, 225. Chautauqua Lake, 87. Cheektowaga, 193. Chesapeake Hospital, 233. Chester, 189. Chester, Anson G., " The Dead Cap- tain," 147. Chester Hospital, 189. Chicago. 117. Chipperfield, John C, 188. Christler, George, 188. Chubbuck. Job W., 89. 188. Church, Henry W., 188, 287. Churchwell, Joseph C, wounded, 46; 188 Churchwell. Sylvester B., 188. City Point, 86, 117, 219, 240, 291. Cincinnati, 289. Claghorn. Austin, 188. Clapp, Charles E., 188. Clarence. 247, 290. Clark, Andrew, 189. Clark, Arby S., 189. Clark, Harvev, 189. Clark. John W., 189. Clark, Michael, wounded, 50; 189. Clearwater, Johnson, wounded, 46 ; 189. Clemens, Charles L. H., 189. Cleveland, 118, 170. Cline, Benjamin, 189. Cloos, Nicholas, 189. Cloud's Mill, 7. Clunev. Thomas, second lieutenant Company A, 3; 88, 189. 204. 298 Index Clvmer, 157, 170, 175, 186, 198, 201, 202, 205, 222, 233, 238, 239, 243, 245, 247, 266, 269, 278, 279, 280. Coates, Richard, 189. Cobleskill. 259. Colden, 253. Cold Harbor, 5, 24, 59, 60, 61, 62, 155, 177, 179, 219, 227, 236, 251, 275, 276, 280. Cole, Albert, 190. Coleman, Alphonso T., 190. Collingborn, John, 190. Collingwood, Ralph, 190. Collins, William, 190. Collis, Albert, 190. Collis, Ashley, 190. Colt, Samuel B., 190. Columbia Hospital, 186, 220. Colvin, Luther. 190. Company A, recruited in Chautauqua county, 1 ; officers of, 3 ; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regiments," 5; 22, 45, 46, 50, 53. 54. 65, n, 86, 87, 88, 89, 163, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 179, 180, 181, 182, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 207, 209, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226. 227, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237. 238, 239, 240, 241. 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248. 249, 250, 251, 254, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 274, 275, 276, 277, 279, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285. 286. 287, 288, 289, 292. Company B, recruited in Erie county, 1 : officers of, 3 ; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regiments," 5; 22. IZ, 38, 45, 46, 47, 50, 52, S3, 62, 65, 69, 11, 86, 88, 89. 90, 169, 170, 172, 173, 174. 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184. 185, 188, 193, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200. 201, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 211, 214, 215, 216, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230. 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249. 250, 251, 254, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 274, 275, 276, 277, 279, 281, 282, 284, 285, 287, 288, 289, 290. 292. Company C. recruited in Westcliester county, 2; officers of, 3; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regiments," 5: 45, 46. 50. 52. 53, 54, 62. 69, n. 87, 88, 89. 105. 169, 170, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178. 179, 181, 182, 183, 184. 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 192, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 205, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225. 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 234, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 254, 257. 258, 259, 260, 261, 263. 264, 265, 268, 269, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 287, 289, 290, 291, 292. Company D, recruited in Erie county, 1 ; officers of, 3 ; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regi- ments," 5; 33, yi. 45, 46, 47, 50, 51, 52, 53. 54. 62, 65. 69, 11, 86, 87, 88, 89, 169. 170. 171, 172, 176, 177, 178, 180, 181, 183. 185. 186, 187. 188. 189, 190, 191. 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250. 251, 252, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 265, 266, 267, 268, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 282, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 290, 291. 292. Company E, recruited in Erie county, 1 ; officers of, 3 ; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regi- ments," 5 ; 22, 2,1, 50, 52, 53, 54, 65, 69, 11, 86, 87. 88, 89, 105. 147, 169, 171, 172. 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 183, 184, 186. 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201. 202. 203, 204. 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217 218, 221, 222, 223. 224. 225, 226, 227, 228. 229, 230, 231, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 239. 240. 241. 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 251, 252, 253, 255, 256. 257. 25S. 259. 260, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266. 267, 268, 269. 270, 271, 272, 274, 275, 276. 277. 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 285, 287. 288, 291^ 291, 292. Company F, recruited in Erie county, 1 ; officers of, 3 ; record in Fox's " Tliree Hundred Figliting Regi- ments," 5 ; 45, 46, 50, 52, 53, 54, 89, 171, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179. 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194. 195. 196. 197. 199. 201, 202, 203, 204. 205. 207. 208. 209. 210, 211. 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 224, 226, 230, 233, 234, 236, 238 239, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 258, 260, 261, Index 299 265, 266, 267, 270, 271, 272, 274, 280. 281, 283, 284, 286, 287, 289, 290. Company G, recruited in Chautauqua county, 1 ; officers of, 3 ; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regiments," 5; 18, 22. 23, 27, 33, 45, 46, 50, 52, 54, 65, 11, 88, 89, 90, 119, 137, 147, 163, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 181, 183, 185. 186, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 195, 197. 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216. 217, 218, 220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 227, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236. 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 245, 246, 247, 248. 249, 250. 253, 254, 256. 257, 258, 259, 260. 262, 263, 264, 266, 269, 271, 272. 21 2>, 21 A, 276, 277, 278, 279, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 292. Company H, recruited in Niagara county, 1 ; officers of, 3 ; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regiments,'' 5 ; 22, Zi, 38, 41, 45, 47, 53,88,89, 120, 172, 173, 174, 175, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 191, 194, 199, 200, 201. 204, 205, 206, 207. 208, 210, 211, 212, 215, 216, 217, 222, 225, 226, 227, 228, 230, 232. 233. 235, 237, 240, 242, 243, 245, 246, 247, 250, 251, 252. 253. 254, 255, 259, 261, 263, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 279. 281, 283, 285, 288, 291, 292. Company I, recruited in Chautauqua county, 1 ; officers of, 4 ; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regiments," 5 ; 22, ZZ, 2,7, 45, 46, 47. 50, 52, 53, 54, 65, 17, 86, 88, 89, 90, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 176, 177, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, 195, 196, 197, 199. 200, 203, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 217, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 227, 228, 229. 230. 231, 232, 233, 235, 236, 237, 238, 240, 241, 242, 243, 246. 247, 248. 250, 252, 254, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261. 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 270, 271, 273, 274, 276. 278, 279, 281, 282, 283. 284, 285, 291, 292. Company K, recruited in Chautau- qua county, 1 ; officers of, 4; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fight- ing Regiments," 5; 23. ZZ, Z7, 38, 42, 45, 46, 47, 50, 52, 53, 65, 69. 88, 89, 90, 170, 174, 175, 177, 178. 180, 181, 182, 185, 187, 190, 192, 197, 198, 200, 201, 205, 206, 207, 209. 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 218. 220, 221, 224, 225, 228, 229, 231, 233, 234, 235, 238, 240, 241, 244, 245, 249, 250, 252, 255, 256, 257, 258, 260, 261, 263, 266, 267, 268, 270, 272, 273. 276. 277, 278. 280, 282, 283, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292. Compton, 142. Concord. 211, 276. Conewango, 250. Conger, Jonas F., captured, 54 ; 190. Conklin, Henry M., 190. Conley, Hiram L.. 190. Conlev. WilHam W.. captured, 53; 190. 191. Connors, John, 191. Conradt, Simon, 191. Conroe, James M., 191. Cook. James, 191. Cook, Walter S., 191. Cook. William, killed, 52; 191. Cooper. Arthur, 191. Cooney. Patrick, captured, 55 ; 191. Corbit, Louis, 191. Corby, Bernard, wounded, 46; 191. Corr, James, 191. Corry, 88. 159. Cottle, Philip S., first lieutenant Company A, 3; 189, 191, 192. Counradt, James E., killed, 45 ; 191. Counradt, Joseph, wounded, 46; 192. Courtney, James H., 192. Cousland, Joseph, wounded, 46 ; 192. Covel, Junior, Cyrus, 88, 192. Cowan, William H.. 192. Cowden, George, 192. Cowden. Milton J., 192. Cowden, Robert J., captured, 65 ; 192. Cowen, George A., 192. Cowles, Daniel F., 193. Craft, Charles, 193. Craine, Desmond, captured, S3; 193. Crampton's Gap, 19. Crampton's Pass, 6. Crandall. Alonzo J., 193. Crawford, William. 193. Creed, Cornelius, 193. Cregger, James, 193. Crissey, Sardis L.. 193. Crissey, Wilson H., 193. Critchel, William, 193. Cronyn, Charles D. H., 193. Crook, George, in command of Eighth Corps, 67. Cross, George W., 193. Crouch. Leon, 193. Culpepper, 104, 241. 285. Culpepper National Cemetery, 89. Gulp's Hill, 35. Culver, George W., 89, 194. Cunningham, Joseph, 194. Curran, Thomas, 194. Cutler. John R., 194. Cypress National Cemetery, 89. 300 Index Daniel, Daniel, 194. Danville, 85. Darby, John, 194. Darragan, Richard, 194. Dart, Jonathan. 194. Daugherty, Patrick, 194. Dauton, John, 194. Davidson, John Wynn, 8, 9, 12, 140, 141. Davidson, Mrs. Sarah, 155. David's Island, 275. Davis, Augustus, 194. Davis, Henry, 194. Davis, Theophilus T., 194. Dawson, Hamer, wounded, 53 ; 195. Dav, Charles, 195. Dayton, Gilbert, 195. Dayton, Henry, killed, 52; 195. Dayton, Willett, 195. DeFort, Stephen Morris, 195. Denmark, Amenzo, killed, 45 ; 89, 195. Denton, William, 195. DePlaa, Bastin. 195. Dette, Theodore J., 195. Devering, Peter, 195 Devine, Charles, 195. Devine, James F., wounded, 46 ; 195. Devit, Cornelius, 196. Devlin, Daniel, 196. Dewey, Orville S., 196, 199. Dibble, Alvin H., 196. Dickinson, Raselas, 4, 196, 219. Dietz, George, 196. Dietzel, Benjamin, 196. Dill, John P.. 196. Disbrow, Harrison, 196, 213. Dittmier, Christopher G. J., 196. Donnelly, Thomas, 196. Donoghey, James, 197. Doolittle, Ezra, 197. Doolittle, William, wounded, 50; 197. Dorr, Junior, Peter, 197. Dorr, Senior, Peter, 197. Doty, Howard B., wounded, 11; 197. Doubleday, Francis M., 197. Doubleday's Division, 20. Doud, William, 197. Dougherty, John, captured, 54; 197. Downes, William H., 88, 197. Doyle, John, 197. Doyle, Michael, 197. Drainesville, 6, 66. Drake, Jeremiah Clinton, 3, 23, 124, 197, 279. Drew, George W., 198. Drewry's Bluff, battle of, 24. Driscoll. Michael, 198. Duck, Simon, 198. Duffy, James, 198. Dumfries, 227. Duncan, Julius, 198. Dunker Church, 21, 22, 145. Dunkirk, 193, 225. Dunley, Thomas, 198. Durshordwe, Frederick, 198. Durst, Augustus I., killed, 33; 198. Duryee, Eugene, 198. Dutchbone, James, 198. Dutton, Henry A., 198. Dutton, Ira K., wounded, 46; 137, 138, 198. Dutton, Jonathan R., killed, 22; 90, 198. Dyer, David, 198. Early, Jubal Anderson, held works, 38 ; sent against Washington, 63 ; battle of Fort Stevens, 65 ; raid into Pennsylvania, 66 ; batteries on Fisher's Hill, 67; battle of Win- chester, 68; reinforced, 69; battle of Cedar Creek, 74-77; over- whelmed Hunter and Sigel, 96 ; surprised Union army, 97; drove Union army to Middletown, 98 ; successful raid, 129. Eastman, Marvin J., 199. Eaton, Joel H., 199. Eaton, Ortus C, 199. Ebenezer Hospital, 265, 272. Ebert, Michael, 199. Eckert, Henry, 199. Eden, 172. Edwards, William, 199. Edward's Ferry, 34. Eighth Artillery, 185, 238. 242, 274. Eighth Corps, 67, 68, 69, 74, 97. Eighteenth Corps, 57, 58, 62, 97, 227. Eighteenth Infantry, 235, 258, 263. Eighth Georgia Regiment, 13. Eighty-third Pennsylvania Regiment, 282 Einsfield, John P., 199. Elba, 185, 199, 261. Elder, John, 199. Eleventh Corps, 29, 35. Elkins, William A., 199. Ellicott, 212, 246, 271, 272, 280, 282, 286. Ellery, 175, 236. Ellis, William, second lieutenant Company E, 3 ; wounded at Spott- sylvania Court House, 4; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fight- ing Regiment," 6; 53. 104, 105, 107, 182. 186, 199, 289. Ellis, William, 199. Ellord, Dennis, 199. Ellsworth, George, 200. Ely, Clark, wounded, 22 ; 200. Elmira, 2, Zl, 226, 237, 268, 274, 279, 281. Index 301 Emory, William Hemsley, in com- mand of Nineteenth Corps, 67 ; re- stored order, 76. Emory Hospital, 216. Episcopal Hospital, 228. Euscher, August, wounded, 69; 200. Evans, David M., 200. Evans, Junior, John, 200. Evans, Samuel, 200. Everett, Calvin D., 200. Everhart, John, 200. Every, Charles C, 200. Ewell, Richard Stoddert, attacked Union right at Gettysburg, 36; movement against Union right wing, 44; hastened to Spottsylva^ nia Court House, 48. Fairfax Court House, 7, 16, 179, 192, 200, 227, 238, 244, 279. Fairfax Seminary Hospital, 184, 21:^, 216, 221, 237, 269, 271, 281. Fairfield, 5, 36, 2>1 , 155, 173, 232. Fair Oaks, 11, 103. Falconer, Robert E., 200. Falk, Joseph, 201. Faling, Horace, 88, 201. Faller, Nicholas, 201. Falmouth, 25, 27, 224. Falmouth Heights, 140, 149. Farnham, Benjamin E., 201. Farr, Edson, wounded, 46; 201. Farrar, Amos, 201. Fees, Frederick, 201. Fegan, James, 201. Fenton, Reuben Eaton, 135. Ferguson, Abel C, 201. Ferren, Edmund, 201. Ferris, Charles, 201. Ferris, Edgar, 201. Ferry, Albert, captured, 53; died, 54; 202. Ferry, Asahel, 202. Ferry, John L., 202. Fifth Corps, 25, 29, 38, 43, 47, 48. Fifth United States Artillery, 71, 262. Fifth Wisconsin Regiment, 55. Fifty-eighth Virginia Regiment, 30, 31. Fillmore, Millard, commander of Union Continentals, 2. Finch, Josephus H., wounded, ^Z; 202. First Corps, 25, 29, 35. First Lincoln Cavalry, 285 First Louisiana Regiment, 12. First New York Battery, 175, 220, 262, 272. Fischer, French W., wounded, 11; 202, 243. Fischer, Gottlo C, 202. Fischer, John J., wounded, V ; 202. Fish, George A., 202. Fisher, Aaron C, wounded, 53 ; 202. Fisher, Henry, 203. Fisher's Hill, 67, 71, n, 97, 156, 264. Fitzgerald, Thomas, 203. Fitzpatrick, Michael, 203. Fletcher, Thomas, 203. Flowing Springs, 229, 231. Flummer, Martin, 203. Flynn, John, 203. Folen, William H. H., 203. Foley, Adam, wounded, 46; died, 47- 203. Foley, John, wounded, 11 ; 203. Foley, William, 203. Follis, John, 203. Fond, William, 203. Forbes, Sherman, 204. Forestville, 4, 11, 170, 180, 183, 184, 185, 189, 191, 192, 196, 199, 200, 209, 210, 216, 219, 222, 223, 224, 225, 228, 229, 231, 235. 237, 241, 242, 246. 248, 252, 254, 258, 260, 263. 274. 276, 282, 284, 291. Forge Bridge, 58, 62. Forster, Frederick, 53, 204. Fort Columbus. 264. Fort Davidson. 13. Fort Fisher, 85. Fort Hunter, 9. Fort De Russey, 64. Fort Ethan Allen, 7, 121. Fort Magruder, 10. Fort McHenrv, 226. 235, 281. Fort Porter, 100, 105, 171, 180, 187, 190, 191, 199, 211, 214, 215, 219, 220, 226, 229, 234, 239, 249, 251, 265, 266, 271, 281, 284, 285, 287, 288, 289, 292. Fortress Monroe, 7, 15, 100, 118, 173 176, 178, 184, 186, 201, 203, 209, 212, 213, 229, 230. 233, 246, 254, 258, 259, 261. 264, 265, 280, 282, 288. Fort Slocum, 64. Fort Stevens, 5, 6. 64. 65. 66. dl , 87, 96. 101, 124. 129. 130, 155. 156. 157, 177, 183. 192, 205. 207, 222. 223. 224 232, 22,1. 249, 260, 263. 274. Fort Welch, 85. Forth-ninth Battalion, 2. Forty-ninth New York Volunteers, numbered, 2; suffered severe and unusual loss. 4; record in Fox's " Three Hundred Fighting Regi- ments." 5, 6; marched to Hampton Roads. 8; camp near Williams- burg. 9; passed thru Williams- burg, 10; building bridges, 11; broke camp, 13, 14; on lower ground, 15; crossed Cl.ickahominy 302 Index Swamp, 16 ; started Maryland campaign, 17; to reinforce Colonel Miles, 19; through ranks of, 20; advanced in charge, 21 ; casualties, 22 ; recruits, 23 ; part of Left Grand Division, 25 ; protected removal of pontoon, 27 ; white crosses affixed to caps, 28; baseball, 29; battle of Marye's Heights, 30-33 ; casualties, 37 ; much marching, 38, 39 ; out without arms, 40, 41 ; skirmishers, 43, 44; casualties, 45^7; returned to position, 53 ; charged angle, 56 ; relieved, 57; in line of battle, 60; covered way, 61 ; casualties, 62 ; left of first line, 64; casualties, 65- 69; on left, 70; skirmishers, 71; in front of Nineteenth Corps, 72; casualties, 11; held picket line, 85; casualties, 86; mustered out, 87; veterans buried in national ceme- teries, 88-90; regiment recruited, 95 : stopped rout, 96 ; home-coming, 100; on picket, 104; in camp, 119; Company H, 120-122 ; bullet-rid- dled flag, 124; encamped near Stonehouse Mountain, 133; Colo- nel Bidwell's order, 136; Company A, 142; left guide, 147; favored regiment, 151 ; expiration of three 3'ear term, 155 ; regiment's flag, 156; forty-one members of regi- ment fell at Spottsylvania Court House, 164. Forty-seventh Pennsylvania Regi- ment, 7. Forty-seventh New York Regiment, 200. Forty-third New York Regiment, 23, 56, 57, 64, 70, 71, 72, 73. Foster, Charles, 204. Foster, Franklin J., 196, 204, 231. Foster, John, 204. Fourteenth Cavalry, 239. Fourth Vermont Regiment, 48. Fourth Corps, 6. Fox, Elias, 204. Fox, Elmore, captured, 33 ; 204. Fox, John G., wounded, 53 ; 204. Fox, Mrs. Esther P., 155. Fraemiller, Philip, wounded, 69 ; 204. Fraenmiller, John, wounded, 50; 204. Framiller, Joseph, 205. Franke, Frederick, 205. Fredenburg, Charles, killed. 45; 205. Frcdenburg, Henry C. 205. Frederick. 18, 34, 66, 235. 253. Fredericksburg. 26, 27. 29. 34, 37, 95. 124. 127. 1.35, 136. 139, 149. 155, 161, 169, 172, 174, 185, 187, 194, 196, 198. 201, 205, 215, 218, 223, 225, 228. 246, 251, 256, 261, 275, 278, 280, 284. 288, 291, 292. Fredericksburg National Cemetery, 89. Fredonia, 3, 171, 172, 173, 175, 179, 182, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194. 197, 200, 202, 203, 204, 207, 208, 211, 212, 213, 219, 220, 222, 225, 226, 227, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 241, 248, 250, 251, 252, 254, 255, 256, 258, 260, 261, 262, 263, 268, 270, 276, 277, 278, 279, 281, 282, 284, 285, 288, 289, 292. Freeman, Charles, captured, 33 ; 205. Freeman, Morley U., 89, 205. Freemont Rifles, 2. Frei, John, 205. French Creek, 220. French. Colonel. 75. French, Simon W., wounded, 33 ; 89, 205. French, William Henry, 38, 39. Frier, Frederick, wounded, 65 ; 205. Fries. John, 205. Fuller, John, 205. Fuller. Ludophicus W., 206. Fuller, Perry W., 206. Funk. Charles, 206. Funke. Christopher, wounded, 46; 206. Funkstown, 155, 237. Fuss, Mathias, 206. Gafney, Charles, 206. Gahrig, Philip, 206. Gainesville, 38. 261. Galen, 233, 278. Gardner. John C. capture^, 87 ; 206. Gardner, Thomas, 206. Gates, Oscar R., 206. Gattie, Joseph, 206. Gauchat, Emil, wounded, 50; 206, 207. Geelan. Rarnett. wounded. 50; 207. Geisler. Joseph, wounded, 65 ; 207. Geller, Joseph, 207. General Hospital, 171. Genesee Falls, 216. Genther, Benedict, 207. Georgetown, 18, 175. 196. 208. 229, 252. Gcrmanna, 39. 43, 55, 159, 160. German town, 170. Gerry, 260. Gettysburg, 6, 35. 36, 37, 95. 104, 149, 155. 236. 256. 260. 284. Gettysburg National Cemetery, 89. Getty. George Washinuton, sent to hold ground, 43 ; temporarily in command of Sixth Corps, 75 ; offi- cial report of Battle of Cedar Creek. 78-81 ; pointed Sergeant Index 303 McKelvy to the exact spot where General Bidwell was killed, 153, 154. Gibbs, Walter, wounded, 50 ; 207. Gifford, Henry J., 88, 207. Gifford, N. C. Martin, 207. Giger, Lawrence, 207. Giggley, Rudolph, 89, 207. Gilbert, Mrs. Sarah D., 155. Gilbert, Simeon, 207. Gillett, William H., killed, 65; 89, 207. Gilman, George W., 3, 208, 290. Glass, Joseph, 208. Glenn, William, 208 . Glossender, Thomas, 208. Goldschmidt, Julius, killed, 52; 208. Goodwin, Phineas S., 208. Golden Church, 104.^ Golding's Farm, 6, 11, 156. Gorham, Edward L., 208. Gorham, Jerry G., killed, 45 ; 208. Gorsline, Richard M., 89, 208. Gott, Charles, captured, 54; 208. Gourley, James A., wounded, 65 ; 207. Graham, Peter, 208. Grand Island, 270. Grant, Lewis A., in command of Sec- ond Division, 79 ; attacked enemy, 80. Grant, Ulysses Simpson, appointed commander, 42; failed to get by Lee's flank, 43 ; flank movement to Spottsylvania Court House, 47; strategy failed, 48 ; regretted last charge at Cold Harbor, 62; directed General Wright's return to Washington, 66; visited army in Shenandoah Valley, 67 ; broke thru Lee's line, 85. Grasshoff, John, 208. Graves, Edwin A., wounded, 22 ; 209. Graydon, Peter, 209. Greely, Charles W., captured, 33 ; 209. Greene, Gilbert J., 3, 209, 289. Greene, Richard T., 209. Green, James, 209. Greenman, James, 209. Greenman, Richard, 119, 209. Greenwood, William, wounded, 46; 209. Gregg, Robert W., 209. Griffin, Thomas, 209. Griggs, Robert E., 209. Grisley, John, killed, 50; 210. Griswold, James H., 210. Groce, Freeman, 2lO. Grover, Adoniram, 210. Grow, Nicholas, 210. 20 Gula, Andrew, killed, 22; 210. Guire, Michael, 210. Guire, Patrick, 210. Guiry, Michael, 210. Gurley House, 155. Guth, Philip, 210. Haas, John F., captured, 54; 210. Haase, Hermann, killed, 52, 53; 192, 210, 211. Haase, Luther R., wounded, 50; 211. Hack. Nathan, 211. Haegran, George, 211. Haentges, John G., 211. Hagart, Adam. 211. Hagerstown, 36, 174, 180, 186, 215, 217, 228, 256, 260, 263, 274, 292. Haight, Junior, John, 211. Haines, Erasmus W., 13, 211, 217. Hair, Lyman W., 211. Haisbach, Frederick, 211. Hale, Walter H., 89, 211. Haley, William, 211. Hall, Clement F., 211, 212. Hall, Henry D., 3, 180, 212. Hall, James A., 3, 212, 224. Hall, John, captured, 54; 212. Halloan, Peter, 212. Hall's Hill, 207. Halltown, Q. Halsey, Francis M., 212. Halsey, Harvey, 212. Hambleton, William T., 212. Hamburg, 212. Hammond Hospital, 185, 238. Hammond, William R., captured, 37; 212. Hampton, 118, 198, 236. Hampton Roads, 8. Hanby, John, 212. Hanchett, Lewis L, captured, 53; 212, 213. Hancock, Winfield Scott, commander of Second Corps, 35 ; consolidation of corps, 42; at Chancellorsville, 43; on extreme right, 48; with- drew Second Corps, 50; captured position, 56. Handkin. Richard W., 213. Handy, Henry, wounded, 53 ; 213. Haney, Anthony, 213. Harden. John, 213. Harding, Henry D., wounded, 11 \ 89, 213. Hardy, James, 213. Harewood Hospital, 211, 235, 243, 262. Harmonv, 243, 256, 266. Harnety, William H.. 213. Harper's Ferry. 19, 67, 227. Harrington, Charles, 213. 304 Index Harrington, Nelson, 89, 213. Harrington, Newton, 213. Harris, Alonzo D., wounded, 46; 137, 213. Harris, Gilbert D., killed, 52; 162, 214. Harrisburg, 220, 236. Harrison's Landing, 15, 23, 118, 173, 217, 239, 245, 248, 253, 267, 277. Harse, William, captured, 38; 214. Hart, Francis H., wounded, 50; 214. Hart Island, 261. Hart, Rollin, 214. Hart, Samuel, 214. Hartler, John, 214. Harvey, George, 214. Hassett, Quincy A., 214. Hatcher's Run, 85. Havens, John S., 214. Hayden, Charles H., 214. Hayden, William, 214. Hayes, George E., 214. Hayes, John, 214, 215. Haynes, Sylvester S., 89, 215. Hays, Horace H., 215. Hayes, Otis B., captured, 33; 126, 127, 215. Hayes, Rutherford Birchard, 11. Hayes, William, 135. Hazeltine, Clark S., " The Methodist Minister who Owned Camp Griffin, Virginia, where the 49th New York Volunteers encamped during the Winter of 1861-2," 142, 215. Hazen, Marcellus E., wounded, 50- 215. Heacock, Mrs. Abbey P., 155. Heacock, Reuben E., captain Com- pany E, 3 ; killed, 53 ; 105, 215, 290. Hearsberger, Frederick, 215. Hehr, Christian, 215. Heinz, Peter, killed, 45 ; 215. Heintz, Valentine, 215. Hellrigel, Peter, 215. Hemenger, Oramel, 216. Hemmingway, Albert, wounded, 46; 216. Henderson, George, 216. Henderson, James, 216. Hennes, Adam, 216. Henry, John N., 216. Herlan, Jacob, 216. Herman, George, killed, 11; 89, 216. Herman, Jacob, wounded, 53, 17; 216. Herman, William, 216. Hermon, Cornelius, 216. Herrick, George B., 217. Herrick, Mortimer, killed, 50; 217. Herrick, Nathan, 88, 217. Herring, William, 217. Herrington, Oliver, 217. Hessel, Charles E., 217. Heth, General, led van of Lee's army, 35. Hetzel, William H., wounded, 46; 217. Hickmott, Charles H., killed, 45 ; 89, 182, 202, 217. Higgins, George, 217. Hildebrand, Charles F., wounded, 50; 217. Hill, Charles, 217. Hill, George W., 89, 218. Hill, Henry S., 218. Hill, Henry U., 218. Hill, John, 218. Hilyer, Ezekial, 218. Hines, John B., 218. Hiss, Joseph, 218. Hobart, Alfred C, 218. Hodge, Miss Sarah, 155. Hodge, Mrs. William, 155. Hodges, George H., 218. Hodges, Lewis C, 218. Hodgson, John, 218. Hoffman, Christian, wounded, 46; 218, 219. Hoffman, Frank, 219. Hofifman House Hospital, 22, 209. Hoffman, John, 219. Hoffman, John C, 219. Hogan, Hugh, wounded, 46; 219. Hohenstein, John, 219. Holch, Ludwig, 219. Holdridge, Ira, 219. Hollander, Chester, 219. Hollowav. Isaac, 1. Holt, Erastus D., first lieutenant Company I, 4; wounded, 53; killed, 86; 219, 220, 223, 266, 267. Hooker, Joseph, in command of divi- sion, 9 ; commander of Center Grand Division, 25 ; commander of Army of the Potomac, 28 ; battle of Chancellorsville, 29; Sedgwick expected to meet, 31 ; followed Lee's army, 34. Hooker, Joseph J., 220. Hoover, Orlando, 220. Hopper, James 11., 220. Horgrave, George, 220. Horn, John L., 89. 220. Horton, John J., 220. Horton, Nathan S., captured, 54; 220. Hotchkiss, David J., 89, 220. Houg, Anthony, wounded, 11 ; 220. Houghton, Uriah, 89, 220. Housam, John, 220. Howard, Charles, 220. Howard, Ervin, 220. Index 305 Howard, Henry W., wounded, 53; 221. Howard, John, 221. Howard, Oliver Otis, selected Union position at Gettysburg, 35. Howard, Peter, 221. Howard, Timothy, wounded, 50, IT; 221. Hoyt,' Charles N., 221. Hoyt, George P., captured, 54; 221. Hoyt, Edward J., 221. Hubbell, Daniel V. B., 221. Hubbers, Gerhardt, 221. Huber, Bernard, 221. Hudson, Junior, William S., wounded, 11 ; 221, 222, 226, 283. Hudson's Mills, 105, 106. Hughes, William, 222. Hughes, Thomas, 222. Hulburt, William H., 222. Hull, Marvin, 222. Hunt, Elisha W., 222. Hunting, Alva, 88, 222. Hunting, Lafayette, wounded, 53; 222. Hurd", David, 222. Hurlburt, Hiram, 222. Husterd, James, 222. Hutchings, Henry E., 223. Hutchinson, Michael, 223. Hutchinson, Tliomas, 223. Hyattstown, 34. Hynes, Thomas, 223. Ihler, Joseph, wounded, 11 ; 223. Ingalsbe, Henry H., captured, 33; wounded, 53 ; 192, 223. Ingersoll, Alvah S., 223. Ingraham, William H., 223. Ingram, David, wounded, 65 ; 223. Invalid ^orps, 176. Ireton, Thomas, 223. Irwin, Colonel, 20. Jackson, Joseph B., 224. Jackson, William, 224. Jacob's Ford, 39. Jacobs, John, 224. Jamison, Isaac, 224. Jardine, Robert, 224. Jarvis Hospital, 248. Java, 194. Jamestown, 4, 42, 88, 90, 118, 154, 170, 171, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181, 185, 187, 189, 192, 193, 195, 197, 198, 200, 201. 205, 206, 207, 209, 213, 214, 215, 216, 218, 219, 220, 221, 224, 225, 228, 229, 231, 233, 234, 238, 240, 241, 244, 246, 250, 255, 256, 257, 258, 260, 261, 262, 267, 270, 272, 273, 276, 277, 278, 280, 2^2, 283, 286, 287, 288, 290, 291, 292. Jefiferson, 18. Jenkins, John A., 224. Jenkins, William E., 224. Jessup, Daniel F., 224. Johnson, George, 224. Johnson, George Washington, wounded, 65 ; 3, 4, 6, 199, 220, 224, Johnson, Harrison, 224. Johnson, Henry, 225. Johnson, John T., wounded, 50; 225 Johnson, Nathan, wounded, 33; cap- tured, 47; 225. Johnson, Perry, 225. Johnson, Peter, 225. Johnson, Robert H., Colonel Bid- well's orderly, 32. Johnson, Samuel, 225. Johnson, William, 225. Johnston, Joseph Eggleston, 13, 85. Johnstown, 18. Jones, David W., 225. Jones, Jacob H., 225. Jones, Marshall A., 225. Jones, Mrs. Miles, 155. Jones, Thaddeus W., 225. Jones, Thomas A., wounded, 46; 225, 226. Jones. Wilber S., 226. Jones, William, 226. Jordan, Samuel S., 89, 226. Joy. John, 226. Judiciary Square Hospital, 33, 205. Judson, Mrs. Sarah M., 155. Justice, John H., 226. Kaiser. William J., IZ, 196, 226, 264. Karr, Adam, 226. Kaufman, Martin, 226. Keele, Andrew H., wounded, 53; 226. Keeley, James, 227. Keers, Matthew, captured, 54 ; 227. Kellett, Benjamin T., captured, 54; 227. Kellev, George, 227. Kelhs John. 227. Kelly's Ford, 38. Kelly, Thomas J., wounded, 33 ; 227. Kendall. Charles A., 227. Keneally, John, 227. Keneley, Michael, 227. Kennedy, 90, 135, 140. Kennedy, Lester E., 227. Kennedy, Patrick, 227. Kenney, James, 227. Kerigan. Thomas, wounded, 50; 227, 228. Kessler, Hermann, wounded, 50; 228. Kessler, Jacob, 228. Kester, William C, 228. 306 Index Kettle Run, 38. Kiantone, 282. Kibler, Peter, wounded, 22; 89, 228. Kigar, Richard, 228. Kimball, Henry, 228. Kimball, Oscar S., wounded, 50; 228. King, Edward, 228. King, Frank, 228. King, Frederick W., 228. King, George H., wounded, 46 ; 228. Kingsley, Henry H., wounded, 69; 229. Kinnenson, Henry L., 229. Kinner, James, 229. Kirchenmeyer, Franz, 229. Kirshaw, William, 229. Kitchin, Wesley, 229. Klank, Peter, 229. Klein, Joseph, killed, 45 ; 229. Klein, William, 90, 229. Kline, John, 229. Knecktell, Jacob, 229. Knippel, George, 229. Knop, Carl, wounded and captured, 47 ; 229. Knowlen, John, 230. Knowlton, Hiram, 230. Kochane, Jeremiah, 230. Koehler, Emil, 180, 230. Koning, Bernhard, 230. Korn, Emil, 230. Kraemer, George, 230. Kraig, Joseph, 230. Kris, James, 230. Krupp, Henry, 230. Krussa, John, 230. Kun, Herman, 230. Kurtzwart, George, 230. Lafferty, John, 231. Laird, Pliny P., wounded, 46, 69; 231. Lamar, J. Q. A., wounded, 13. I^mb, David G., 231. Lamb, Russel, 231. Lamb, Stephen P., 231. Lambert, Junior, David, killed, 65 ; 231, 259. Lamper, Charles, 231. Lancaster, 290. Landram, E. L., sold land for Bloody Angle Monument, 54, 89. Lands, John A., 231. Lane, Nathan W., 231. I^ne. William H., 231. Lang, George, 231. Lang, Thomas, 231. Lan«don, Arba B., 231. I>angenbach, David, 231. I.angley, 66. Langmyer, Frank, 232. Laona, 212. Larabee, Cyrus R., 232. Larabee, Ithiel S., 232. Earned, Henry S., 232. Earned, Josephus Nelson, tribute to General Bidwell, 91. Larwood, Lorenzo, 232. Larwood, Robert, 232. Larwood, Samuel, 232. Lawcock, Parnell, 232. Lawrence, Thomas, 232. Layer, Adam, 232. Lay, Mrs. Fannie A., 155. Layton, Charles, killed, 65 ; 232. Lebanon, 206, 275. LeCamp Hospital, 275. Lee, James, 232. Lee, Robert Edmund, in command of Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, 13 ; turn right of Army of the Potomac, 20; entrenched on Marye's Heights, 26 ; took offensive, 29; invaded North, 34; van led by General Heth, 35 ; rear at Fair- field, 36 ; much marching and coun- termarching, 37; failure of Grant to flank, 43 ; thwarted Grant's strategy, 48; attempted flank move- ment at Bloody Angle, 50; stopping supplies, 59; sent General Early down Shenandoah Valle}-, 63 : Early to reinforce, 66 ; stretched out line, 85 ; no hope of escape, 86 ; fell back on the Rapidan, 104 ; forces along banks of Rapidan, 113; on way to front, 115; army busy, 136; went with native state, 141. Lee, Robert W., 233. Lee, Thomas, 233. Leland, Davton R., wounded and captured, 53, 54. 162, 233. Leesburg, 66, 174, 240. Lee's Mill, 8. Leet, Timothy A., 233. Lehman, Louis, 233. Leib, Jacob, 233. Lenox, Charles, 233. Lenox, Solomon, 233. Lentz, Simon Washington, 233. Leroy, 204. Leroy, Charles, captured, 54; 233. Leslie, Lewis J.. 233. Levan. William H.. 233. Leveck, Casper, 90, 234. Leveck, John. 234. Leveck, Jacob, 234. Levi, Felix, 234. Lewinsville, 7, 66, 156. Lewis, .A.ndrew D., 234. Lewis, Charles, captured, 87; 234. Lewis, Elias D., 234. Index 307 Lewis, Elisha H., 234. Lewis, Milton, killed, 8; 89, 234. Lewis, William H., wounded, 46; 234. Liberty Mills, 112. Lich. Philip, 89, 234. Liebetrut, Frederick A., 234. Lighthalt, Michael, killed, 11; 88, 235. Limbark, Jacob, 235. Linberg, John, 235. Lincoln, Abraham, reviewed Sixth Corps, 23 ; order relieving Burn- side, Sumner and Franklin, 28; bestowed medal of honor upon Ser- geant McVeane, 31 ; at wharf to meet arrival of Sixth Corps, 64; eye witness to battle of Fort Stev- ens, 64, 65 ; brevetted Daniel Da- vidson Bidwell brigadier general, 67; 96, 129, 130, 131, 164. Lincoln, Jarvie C, captured, 47; 235. Lindguist, John F., 235. Linkletter, William, 235. Linnenbitz, Charles, 89, 235. Little, George, 235. Little Falls, 246. Little Round Top, 35. Lockhart, John, 235. Lockport, 2, 3, 120, 170, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 180, 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, 190, 191, 203, 205, 206, 216, 217, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227, 230, 232, 233, 234, 235, 240, 245, 250, 251, 252, 253, 255, 262, 266, 269. 270, 272, 273, 275, 278, 279, 281, 285, 289, 291. Lodes, William, 235. Long Beach, 142. Long Bridge, 17. Long, John, 235. Long, Joseph W., 235. Long, William H., 59, IZ. Longee, Norton B., 235. Lonson, Francis, 236. Los Angeles, 142. Lotz, William, 236. Louden, Amos M., 236. Louden, George, 236. Louden, James, 236. Louden Park Cemetery, 88. Louer, George F., 236. Loux, John, 236. Lovelett, George, 236. Lovelett, Henry, 236. Lovel Hospital, 194. Lower, Charles, 236. Luce, Joseph, wounded, Zl ; 236. Lunney, Thomas W., 236. Lusk, Henry N., 236. Lynch, William, 237. Lyon, James S., killed, 45 ; 89, 237. Macarthy, Thomas, 237. Mack, Dennv G., 237. Madden, Robert, 237. -Mahar, Thomas, 237. Mahoney, John, 237. Mahoney, Thomas, 237. Malady, Matthew, 237. Mallory, Zalmon E., 237. Malloy, Patrick, wounded, 65; 237. Malvern Hill, 6, 15, 95, 155. Manassas, 124. Manassas Junction, 38. Manchester, 34, 237, 248. Mansfield, 30. Market Street Hospital, 251. Mark, George, 237. Markham, Lewis H., 238. Marks, Augustus, 238. Marsh, Alonzo J., captain Company K, 4; 124, 142, 238, 272. Marsh, Henry N., 238. Marsh, Virgil, 238. Marston, Isaac, 238. Martinsburg, 67. Marve's Heights, 26. 29, 31, Zl , 136, 155, 180, 184, 210, 219, 227, 236, 247, 248. 256. Maschke, Charles, 238. Mather, Amos, 238. Mathews, Melvin L.. 238. Mathews, Andrew J., wounded, 53; 238. Mathias. Jeremiah, 238. Maxwell. James H., 239. May, Calvin L., 239. May, Gustavus, 239. Mazienier, Louis, 239. McAndrew, John, 239. McBride, Alexander, 239. McCarthy, Florence. 239. McCarthy, John, 239. McCarthy, David, 239. McClellan, George Brinton, failed to take advantage, 13; friction with War Department. 15; without a command, 16 ; again in command of Army of Potomac, 17; super- seded by General Burnside, 23 : re- organizing armv, 95. McClellan Hospital, 202. McConnell, Arthur, 239. McConnell, John, 239. McCrea, John, 239. McCuen. John. 240. McCuen, Joseph, 240. McDermid, Neil, 240. McDonald, John, 240. McDonald. Louis, 240. McDonald, William E., 240. McFarlane. William, 89, 240. McGarry, John, 240. ) 308 Index McGinn, Patrick, captured, 53; 240. McGorey, James, killed, 52; 240. McGuire, George, 240. McGurk, Felix, 240. Mclntire, James, 240. Mclntyre, Joseph, 241. McKay, Lewis, 241. McKelvey, Samuel, 241. McKelvy, Alexander H., journal of, 4; Fredericksburg campaign, 26; crossing Rappahannock river, 32; captured, Zl , 38; addresses at Get- tysburg and Spottsylvania Court Court House, 88; address at me- morial exercises, 90; report of his capture, 104-118; "A Typical Foraging Expedition," 133; "A Notable Artillery Shot," 139; "A Bad Half Hour with General 'Baldy' Smith, 143; "Degrada- tion of an Officer for Cowardice," 149; triljute to General Bidwell, 151; address at dedication of Bloody Angle Monument, 164, 241. McKelvy, James, 241. McKinley, William, 11. McLain, John, 241. McLaughlin, Andrew, 241. McMahon, General, 62. McMahon, Timothy, 241. McMulkin, John, 241 McNamara, Thomas, 241. McNeil, John, 241. McNerney, Thomas, 241, 242. McQue, Edward, 89, 242. McVeane, John P., took colors of 58th Virginia Regiment, 31 ; killed 45 ; 196, 242. Meade, George Gordon, appointed commander of Army of the Poto- mac, 34; battle of Gettysburg, 35, 36; cautious commander, 37; Mine Run campaign, 40; 113. Mechanicville, 11, 156. Medina, 173, 174, 194, 201. 208, 210, 232, 237, 243, 245, 253, 273, 274, 288. fileekings, William, 242. Mehrvadt, Charles, 242. Meissuer, Ernst, 242. Merchant, Milton J., 242. Meridian Hill, 7. Merrick. George, 242. Merrill, Robert, killed, 52; 242. Merrimac, 7. Merritt, Lafayette, 242. Mcrtz, John, 242. Messenger, Daniel, 242. Metz, George, 243. Mever, Augustus B., 243, 272. Middlctown, 74, 75, 76, 80, 81, 98. Miles, Colonel, 19. Miles, Franklin, 243. Miles, Thomas J., killed, 22; 90, 243. Mill Creek, 179. Mill Creek Hospital, 254, 265, 268. Miller, Albert C, wounded, 46; 137, 243. Miller, Charles, 243. Miller, Freeman, wounded, 46; 243. ^liller, Gilbert, 243. Miller, Henry, 243. Miller, Nelson, 244. Milliken, C. A., 73. Mina, 175, 204, 267, 269, 276. Minard, William E., 244. Miner, George R., 244. Mine Run, 6, 39. 40, 155. Moan, Charles, 244. Moeller. John, 244. Mohr, Martin, 244. Molin. Lawrence, wounded, 53 ; 244. Monahan, Peter, 244. Monitor, 7. Monocacy Bridge, 18. Monocacy Creek, 53, 199. Monroe, Richard, 244. Montgomery, George, killed, 11; 88, 244. Moore, Augustus, wounded, 46; 244. Moore, Frank, 245. Moore, John, 245. Morgan, Edwin Dennison, 1, 2. Moriarity, Philip S., killed, 42; 89, 245. Morris, Henry, 245. Morris, Samuel A., 245. ^Morrison, William, 245. Moser, Frank, wounded, 46; 245. Moses, Augustus F., 245. Moses, R. H., 73. Mosier. Tames H.. 245. Moss, Charles H., captain Company H, 3; 120, 121, 122, 182, 245. Moss. Frank P., captured, 38; 246. Motch, Frank, 246. Mound City, 284, 286. Mount Pleasant Hospital, 207, 215, 221. 280. Mouray, Sebastian, wounded. 11; 246. Mower Hospital, 206. Moylan, Isaac, 246. Mueller, Jacob, killed, 45 ; 246. Mueller, John, 246. Mulkie. William, 88, 137, 138, 159, 246. Mulkin, Erastus, wounded, 27; 246, 247. Mullen, Richard, 246. Muller, Frederick, 246. Muller. John, 246. Index 309 MuIIer, Rudolph, wounded, 46: 246 247. Mundee, Charles, IZ. Muns, George T., 247. Murdock Spencer, 89, 247. Murphy, Charles A., 120, 121, 122 247. Murphy, Patrick, killed, 50: 247 Murphy, Philip J., 247. Murray, Dennis, 247. Mutersbaugh, D. M., 142, 143 Myers, Frank, 247. Myers, John, 247. Mylacraine, John E., wounded, 46- 247. Nabholz, Jacob, 247. Nagel, Charles, wounded, 11; 247 Nash, Daniel W., 248. Navel, Charles, 248. Neeson, Edward, 248. Neill, Thomas H., in command of Third Brigade, 26; official report, 30, 31 ; 149. Nelligan, Michael, 248. Nelson, Adelbert, 248. Nelson, Edward, 248. Nelson, John, 88, 248. Nelson, Patrick, 248. Neuhauser, George, 248. Neumann, Francis, wounded, 46 ; 248 Neuroth, George, 248. Nevins, Madison J., 248. New Baltimore, 38, 191 New Bridge, 281, 289. New Market, 224. Newport News, 8, 118, 206, 216, 280, 287. Newport News Hospital, 238 Newfane, 194, 262, 263, 266, 270, 278. 286, 288. Newton, John, in command of First Corps, 35. Newton University Hospital, 2i&. Newstead, 196, 229. Newman, Arthur, wounded, 46- 89 248. New York City, 2, 7. 119, 169. 170, 174, 185, 211, 213, 221, 227, 228, 229 230, 243, 260, 261, 268, 269. New York Citv Hospital, 242. Niagara, 169, 203, 275. Nicholas, John G., wounded, ^ ; 249. Nichols, William H., killed, 52; 249. Nineteenth Corps, 67, 68, 69, 74. 76. 80. Ninth Corps, 25, 48, 50. Ninety-third Pennsylvania Regiment, 80. Nitzschmann, Charles, wounded, SO 249. Nolan, William J., captured, 54; 249 Nolte, Henry, 249. Noon, James, wounded, 65 ; 249. Normanton, John, wounded. 77; 249 Norris, John D., 249 North Anna, 57, 59, 155. North Castle, 282. North Mountain, 68. Northrup, Gilbert, 249. Noyes, James H., 249. Nugent, James, wounded, 46; 249 Nugent, Patrick, 250. Nutt, Seldon C, 250. Odell, Hiram, 250. Oder, Hugo. 250. O'Donnell, Edward, 250. O'Hara, James, 250. Old Cooper Shop, 7. Olds, Horace, 250. Olmstead, Daniel, 89, 250. O'Keefe, Captain, 79. One Hundred and Eighth New York Regiment, 176. One Hundred and Eighty-fifth In- fantry, 277. One Hundred and Eighty-seventh Infantry, 218, 230. One Hundred and Fiftieth New York Regiment, 234. One Hundred and Twelfth New York Regiment, 23, 24, 187, 197. 275, 280. One Hundred and Twenty-second New York Regiment, 64, 70, 71. 72 73. ' > > O'Neill. John, killed, SO; 250 Opequon, 5, 69, 70, 156, 176, 177, 200 264, 265. ' Oran, 275. Orange, 176. Orange Court House, 113, 160. O'Regan. Timothv, killed, 52- 250 Orr, George S., 59, 73. Orr, Henry C. captured, 54 ; 250. Orr, Thomas, killed, 52; 250, 251. Ortobein, Gabriel, wounded, 50; 251. Ortwein. John, 251. Osborn, John, captured, 33. 251 Oswego, 222, 255. Palmer, Charles, 251. Palmer, Charles H., captain Com- pany C, 3; 199, 251. Palmer, Danford M., 251. Palmer, Ferris, wounded, 46; 251. Palmeter, Francis, 251. Palmiter, John W., 251. Palmore, James W., 251 Palmyra, 33, 169. 310 Index Panama, 191, 221, 231, 253, 271, 278, 289. Park Barracks, 2, 174, 175, 226, 230, 245, 271, 278. Parker, Cyrus W., 251. Parker, Franklin B., wounded, SO; 252. Parnwell, Elijah, 252. Parnwell, Samuel, 89, 252. Partridge, George, killed, 52; 89, 252. Pasch, John, 252. Patrick's Brigade, 20. Patrick, William P., 252. Paul, John, 252. Payne, Richard, 252. Payne's Farm, 39. Payton, William, 252. Peach Orchard, 35. Pearce, Samuel W., wounded, 53; 252. Pendergest, Thomas, 252. Peninsula, 6, 15. Peririe, Theodore, 253. Perrins, Peter, 253. Perry, Egbert, 253. Perry, Elias, 253. Perrv, Jefferson, 253. Petersburg, 5, 6, 58, 62, 81, 85, 86, 117, 124, 129. 156, 171, 184, 202, 206, 219, 225, 234, 259, 277, 282. Peters, Frederick, 253. Peterson, John, 253. Petersville, 186, 241. Pettel, Henry S., 253. Pharo, Stephen M., 253. Phelps, James Henry, 253. Phelps, Josiah Q., 253. Philadelphia. 7, 175, 182, 188, 189, 191, 200, 202, 206, 211, 218, 225, 228, 233, 234, 235, 251, 254, 256, 262, 266, 270, 275, 276, 277, 280, 287. Philadelphia National Cemetery, 89. Pickett, General, Confederate charge at Gettysburg, 36. Pickett, John H., 88, 253. Pickett, Russell E., 254. Pierkel, Beno, 254. Pike, Harmon, 254. Pine Tree Meeting House, 160. Piper, Henry W., 254. Pixley, George W., 254. Plant, Anthonv, 254. Plant, George W., 254. Plattner, Albert A., wounded, 46; 254. Plogsted, John F. E., captain Com- pany B, 3; killed, 45, 46; 1, 254, 263. Ploss, Simeon H., 254. Poillon, Aaron B., 254. Point Lookout Hospital, 185, 199, 238. Poland, 192, 231, 272, 288, 290. Pope, John, 16. Popp, Gottfried, 254. Portchester, 3, 169, 173. 177, 179, 185, 186, 188, 195, 197, 201, 202, 203, 205, 212, 214, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 227, 228, 231, 236, 238, 239, 240, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 251, 254, 258, 264, 268, 273, 275, 276, 277, 280, 282, 287, 291. Port Columbus Hospital, 228. Porter, 213. Porter, Charles H., 254. Porter, Dolphus S., 255. Porter, Isaac N., 255. Porter, William, 255. Portsmouth, 246. 249. Portsmouth Grove, 194. Portsmouth Grove Hospital, 291. Potter, William Warren, field and staff officers, 3 ; 255. Potomac Creek Bridge, 33, 275. Powell. William. 255. Powers, John, 255. Pratt, Mrs. Sophia, 155. Pratt, Orlin, wounded, 46, 77 ; 255. Pratt, Samuel L., wounded and cap- tured. 50; 255. Pratt, Warren J., 255. Preble, James, 255. Preston, Francis, 256. Preston, George, 256. Preston, Reuben M., killed, 45; 203, 256, 286. Price, Chauncey, 90, 256. Proesse, Gottlieb, 256. Proudfoot, John, wounded, 33, 37; 256. Providence, 169, 226, 231. Puckett, William Raoull, 109, 110, 111, 112. Pulford, Schuyler, 256. Purcell, Patrick, 256. Purdy, James D., captured, 33; 256. Pygus, Abram, 256. QuAiNTANCE, Addis J., woundcd, 46; 256. Quatlander, Jacob, captured, 54; 257. Rapu, Charles C, 257. Raiber, Frederick, 257. Randolph, 185. Rathgeber, Jacob, 257. Rappahannock Station, 6, 38, 155. Read, Thomas Buchanan, 76. Ream's Station, 59, 179, 260. Reardon, Edward, 257. Reckard, Orman F., 257. Index 311 Redman, James, 257. Redpath, Robert E., 257. Reed, George, 257. Reed, William, 257. Reiley, John, 257. Reinard, John F., killed, 45 ; 257. Relf, William E., wounded, 11; 258. Remington, Charles, 258. Remington, Frank, 258. " Reminiscences of May 18th ;" ar- ticle by Sumner A. Smith, 146-148. Rendine, Frederick, 258. Reynolds, George E., 258. Reynolds, John Fulton, killed, 35. Reynolds, Norman, wounded, 53; 258. Rice, Elijah, 258. Rice, Henrv B., 258. Rich, Bene'dict, 258. Rich, George T., 258. Richmond, 9, 10, 13, 25, 43, 59, 63, 85, 96, 100, 101, 113, 114, 115, 117, 151, 192, 196. Richmond National Cemetery, 89. Rich, Silas G., 258. Richards, John H., killed, 50; 258, 259. Richards, Lewis Cass, 243, 259. Richardson, James, 259. Richburg, Henrv, 259. Richmond, Bela' P., 259. Ricord Hospital, 228. Rider, Jacob, wounded, 53 ; 259. Rieck, August, 259. Rinker, Jacob, 259. Ritter, Frank T., wounded, 86; 259. Roach, Thomas W., wounded, 46 ; 259. Roach, William E., 259, 260. Robbins, William, wounded, 65 ; 260. Roberts, Edward N., 260. Roberts, Junior, George, 260. Robertson's Tavern, 55. Robins, Dewitt C, 260. Robins, Martin, wounded, 50; 260. Robinson, Avery R., 260. Robinson, Fayette, 260. Robinson, Joseph C. 260. Robinson, William H., 260. Rochester, 176, 195, 201, 204, 212, 215, 218, 224, 225. 257, 259. Rockville, 65. Rockwell, Daniel, 260. Roder, Charles, wounded, 33; 89, 261. Rodgers, Henry, 261. Rodgers, Joseph E., wounded, 50; 261. Rodway, William J., 261. Roehm, Henry, 261. Rogers, Henry, wounded, 53; 261. Rogers, William, 261. Rogers, William Findlay, 82, 83, 105. Rogers, William B., 261. Romaine, Albert, 261. Rooney, Peter, 261. Rooney, William, 261. Rosch, John, 261. Rose, Abraham W., 261. Rose, Charles, 262. Rose, John Charles, 262. Ross, Frank, 262. Ross, John, 89, 262. Roth, Theodore, 262. Roulend, Charles, 262. Rounds, Asa, 262. Rowan, James, 262. Rowan, Martin W., 262. Rowlands, Robert, 262. Royalton, 220. Rovan, Christian, wounded, 11 ; 262. Ruble, William, killed, 65 ; 262. Rundschu, John, 262. Rush, William, wounded, 11; 262, 263. Russell, David Allen, 153. Russell. Nathaniel J., 263. Russell, Junior. Solomon W., 217, 263. Russell, Thomas, 263. Russert, Christian, wounded, 65 ; 263. Ryan, George, 263. Ryan, James, wounded, 69; 263. Ryan, John, 263. Sacker, John, 263. Sackett, Zaven J., 263. Sailor's Creek, 6, 86. Saint Paul, 141. Salmon, David, 263. Sampson, Lucius J., 264. Sanders, Charles, 264. Sargenbach, David, 264. Sarles, Benjamin D., 264. Sarles, Elisha B., wounded, 50; 264. Satterlee Hospital, 175, 201, 256. Sauerwein, Augustus W., 264. Savage Station. 14. 15, 155, 170, 222, 276. Savres. Charles A., killed, 69; 264, 285. Scelly, Thomas, 264. Schaefer, Lorenz, 264. Scheibenberger, John, 264. ScheifBe, Michael, 264. Schenck. Louis, 265. Schimmerhorn, Stephen Van Rens- selaer, 265. Schnindler, John, 265. Schlief, William. 265. Schmidt, Jacob, 265. 312 Index Schneider, Daniel, wounded, 53; 65, 69, 165. Schneider. Henry, 265. Scholz, Philip. 265. Schoonoven, David, 265. Schram, Andrew, wounded, 46; 265. Schuller, John, 265. Schultz, Frederick, wounded, 50; 265. Schultz, Frederick, 266. Schweckendick, August, 266. Scott, Charles, 266. Scott, Edward, 266. Scott, Henr^% 266. Scott, William H., 266. Scott, William W., 266. Searson. Nutten, 266. Second Corps, 25, 29, 35, 43, 48, 50, 51, 61. Second Mounted Rifles, 190, 199, 266, 271. Secord, David, 266. Sedgwick, John, in command of Sixth Corps, 28; battle of Marye's Heights, 29-31 ; at Gettysburg, 35 ; position too strong for assault, 36; redoubt of the Rappahannock, 38; ordered assault, 39; at Mine Run, 40; consolidation of corps, 42; described Colonel Bidwell's braverv at The Wilderness, 45 ; killed, "48; 55. Ill, 113. See, Silas ^L, 89, 266. Seeley, Walter C, 222, 266. Seififert, Charles, wounded, IT; 266, 267. Selkirk, George Holden, wounded, 53: 1. 3, 5, 59. 87, 90, 100, 184. 189, 207, 263, 267, 278. Selle, Alexander, wounded, 46; 267. Seminary Hospital, 229. Seneca Falls, 256. Seven Pines, 11. Seventh Maine Regiment, 29, 30, 55, 57, 61, 64, 70. 72, 73. Seventh New York Cavalry, 263. Second North Carolina Cavalry, 114. Seventh Regiment United States colored troops, 38. Seventy-fourth New York Regi- ment, 83, 94. Seventy-seventh New York Regi- ment, 21, 29, 56, 57. 64, 70, 71, 73, 75. Seventy-ninth New York Regiment, 7. Severs, Aaron B., 267. Seyd, Alexander, 267. Seymour, Charles W., 267. Shaflfer, Caleb H., 267. Shaffer, Nicholas, 267. Shaffer, James W., wounded, 69; 267. Sharpsburg, 89, 185, 207, 236, 272. Shaver, Charles, wounded, 53 ; 267, 268. Shaw, Daniel, 268. Shaw, Henry A., 268. Shay, Thomas, 268. Shebel, John G., 268. Sheldon, 177, 245, 260. Sheldon, Miss Grace Carew, 90, 100. Sheldon, Harrison, 268. Shelley, William M., 268. Shenandoah Valley, 6, 63, 68, 96, 124, 156. Shepperd, Elias, 268. Shipperd, Jeremiah, 89, 268. Sherman, 209, 218, 250. Sherman, Albert V., wounded, S3; 268. Sherman, Charles W., 268. Sherman, Delos, 268, 269. Sherman, James M., wounded, 46; 137, 269. Sherman, Levi W., 269. Sherman, Louis, 269. Sheridan, Philip Henry, in command of Middle Military Division, 67; destroyed private property in She- nandoah Valley, 68; absent from army, 74; arrived at Cedar Creek after retreat had stopped, 76; directed General Getty to repel at- tack, 79 ; army fell back to Win- chester, 85 ; assumed command, 96 ; pursued enemy to Harrison- burg, 97; absent during attack, 98; arrival during day, 99. Sherwood, Benjamin, 269. Sherwood, John, 269. Shippee, Elijah H., killed, 52; 269. Short. William, wounded, 11 ; 269. Shum, Albert, 269. Shutts, Alonzo J., 269. Sickles, Daniel Edgar, commander of Third Corps, 35. Sidway, Mrs. Parnell St. John, 155. Siebenhuener. Carl, 269. Siiiwald, Charles, 269. Silsby, Jay, 269. Silsby, John D., wounded, 22; 270. Simmons, Adelbert P., 270. Simon, Peter, wounded, 46 ; 270. Simpson, Harry H., 270. Simpson, Jacob, 270. Simpson, James A., 270. Simpson, John, 270. Simpson, John D., 270. Sixteenth Cavalry, 232. Index 313 Sixth Corps, 10, 20, 23, 25, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, 38, 39, 43, 44, 47, 48, 49, SO, 51, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 74, 75, 85, 86, 96, 97, 113, 124, 125, 129, 136, 143, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159. Sixth Corps Hospital, 274. Sixth United States Artillery, 214, 224. Sixty-fifth New York Regiment, 94. Sixty-first Pennsylvania Regiment, 57, 64, 71, 72. Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, 7. Skillman. Theodore, 270. Skinner, George, 270. Slack, William H.. 270. Slater, Bradford, wounded, 53; 270. Slater, John, 270. Slayton, Reuben H., 271. Slingerland, Edward A., 271. Slocum, Henry Warner, in com- mand of division, 19; commander of Twelfth Corps, 35 ; on extreme right, 36. Slough Hospital, 198. Smaldridge, James H., wounded, 46 ; 271. Small, L. C, 59, 73. Smith. Albert, 271. Smith, Alexander. 271. Smith, Anthony, 271. Smith, Charles, 1st, wounded, 77 , 271. Smith, Charles, 2nd, killed, 77; 89, 271. Smith, Charles H., 271. Smith, Charles P., 271. Smith, Eugene P., 271. Smith, Henry, 271. Smith, Henry E., 89, 272. Smith, Hiram N., wounded, 46; 256, 272. Smith, James, 272. Smith, James H., 272. Smith, John, 272. Smith, John P., wounded, 50; 272. Smith, Joseph, 272. Smith, Julius, wounded, 53, 77; 272 Smith, Michael, 272. Smith, Michael W., 272, 273. Smith, Mrs. Beulah G., 155. Smith, Philander L., 273. Smith, Robert, 273. Smith, Robert P., 273. Smith, Sumner A., three companies nearly left behind, 31, 32; address, "Our Plag," 90; "Story of a Roast Pig," 136 ; " Reminiscences of May 18th," 146 ; 273. Smith, Thomas, 273. Smith, William Farrar, in command of division, 7; classmate of J. Q. A. Lamar, 13; hurried orders to Colonel Irwin, 20; transferred, 28; in command of Eighteenth Corps, 62. Sneider, George, 273. Snicker's Gap, 66. SniflSn, James E., 273. Soldiers' Home National Cemetery, 89._ Soldiers' Rest, 7. Soles, Benjamin, 273. Somerset. 174, 190, 197, 204, 211, 215, 254, 283. Sorber, Hiram, wounded, 50; 273. Soule, Ebenezer, 273. Southard, John B., 273. South Mountain, 18, 34, 36, 95, 155, 173. Southwick, William H. S., 273. Spaulding, Jerome, 273, 274. Spaulding, Thomas, wounded, 22; 274. Speck, John, 274. Spencer, William, 274. Sperbech, Reuben, 274. Sperrv, Nehemiah, wounded, 65 ; 137, 274. Spillicy, Andrew, 274. Spottsvlvania Court House, 4, 5, 6, 47, 48. 53, 56, 69, 77, 88, 146, 155, 157, 159, 160, 164, 171, 174, 176, 177. 178, 179, 182, 190, 191, 193, 195, 197, 199, 201, 202, 204, 208, 210, 211, 212 213, 214, 215, 216, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 226, 227, 233, 238, 240, 242, 244. 245, 249, 250, 251, 252, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270. 272, 273, 279, 282. 283, 284, 285, 289, 291. Sprague, Abel, 274. Springstead, Hiram P., 274. Squires, Bela, 274. Stafford, Frank J., wounded, 65 : 274, Stafford Heights. 26. Stabler. Philip. 88. 274. Stamper, Frederick, 275. Stannard, Mrs. Walter W., 155. Stanton, Edwin M., 130, 131. Stanton Hospital, 171. 232, 274, 282. Stanton, Willard, 89, 275. Steele, Wesley B.. 89, 275. Stein, Gottlob. 275. Steinmetz, Gabriel, captured, 62 ; 88, 275. Sterry, James H., 275. Stevens, Captain H., 58. Stevens, Edwin C, 275. Stevens, Isaac I., brigade comman- der, 7; killed. 16. 314 Index Stevens, Phineas. first lieutenant Company G, 3 ; 275, 279. Stevens. William, 275.^ Stevenson, Thomas, 275. Steward, Daniel, 275. Steward, John, wounded, 11 , 275. Stewart, Robert, 276. Stewart, Charles J., 276. Stewart, Henry, 276. Stewart, John, killed, 127, 128 ; 276. Still, Alfred, 276. Stillson, Lyman D., 276. Stockton, 173, 187, 188, 193, 199, 214, 216, 237, 259, 273, 280, 290. Stoolfire, Irwin, 276. Stokes, John H., 276. Stone, Harmond E., 276. Stone, William H., 276. . Stonehouse, James, 276. Stonehouse Mountain, 104, 111, 133, 286. " Story of a Roast Pig,"' article by Sumner A. Smith, 136-138. Story, Edmund, 276. Strang, William, 276. Strasburg, 67, 68, 71. Stratton, Joseph A., 276. Strayer, Levi, 277. Stringham, Adin C, 88, 277. Strub, Joseph, 277. Struight, Milton, 277. Stuber, Charles, 277. Stuber, Peter, 277. Sturdevant, Charles, 90, 277. Sugar Grove, 187. Sullivan, John, 277. Sullivan, Maurice P., wounded, 86; 277. Sulphur Springs, 38, 104. Swallow, John T., 277. Sweeney, Edward, 277. Sweeney, James, 277. Sweeney, Patrick, 277. Sweet, Linford, 277. 278. Sweet, Orrin S., 278. Swick, Hugh M., 278. Swicker, George, 278. Sykes, George, commander of Fifth Corps, 35. Tarkart, Edgar E., 278. Tall, Richard, 278. Tallady, Thomas E., 278. Tanner, Reuben B., 278. Tarrytown, 239. Taylor, James, 278. Taylor, Terry, 278. Taylor, Peter A., second lieutenant Company D, 3 ; 278, 289. Taylor, Robert H., captured, 33; 278. Teller, John 3., 278. Tennallytown, 18, 66. Tenney, Newton F., wounded, 46 ; 278. Terry, Seward Harmon, killed, 52; 137, 138, 157, 162, 174, 279. Tewey, Timothy, 279. " The Dead Captain," poem by An- son G. Chester, 147, 148. " The Home-Coming of the 49th Regiment in 1865," article by Colo- nel George Holden Selkirk, 100- 102. " The Methodist Minister who Owned Camp Griffin, Virginia, where the 49th New York Volun- teers encamped during the Winter of 1861-2," article by Sergeant Clark S. Hazeltine, 142,^ 143. " The Vanishing Troops," poem by John D. Wells, 103. Theis, John, 89, 279. Thielman, Leonard, 279. Third Division Hospital, 178. Third Corps, 25, 29. 35, 39, 104. Third Heavy Artillery, 44. Thirteenth New York Artillery. 235. Thirty-third Independent Battery, 255. Thirty-third Infantrv. 169, 170, 171, 172, 174. 176, 177, 180. 181, 182, 184, 185. 186, 187, 189, 191. 194, 195, 196, 197, 198. 199, 200, 201. 203, 204, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 214, 215, 217. 218, 219, 220. 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 237, 240, 241. 243, 247. 248, 249, 250, 252, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 264, 265, 268, 271. 272, 275, 277, 279, 281, 283, 284, 285, 286, 289. 291. 292. Thirty-third New York Regiment, 7, 21. 30. Thoenne, Jacob, 279. Thomas. George Henrv. commander of the Army of the Tennessee. 141 Thomas, John, wounded, 53 ; 279. Thomas, Peter, 279. Thompson, George, 279. Thompson. Hiram P.. wounded, 33; " Personal Reminiscences of the War," 120; 41. 279. 280. Thompson, Justin G., second lieuten- ant Company G, 3; 279. 280. Thompson, Norman R.. wounded, _22, 46; address at Gettysburg Monument, 88 : presided at memo- rial exercises. 90; "Recollections of the War." 154; 137, 280. Thompson, Wayne, 280. Index 315 Thompson, William H., 280. Thorn, Stephen C, killed, 62; 280. Thornton, Andrew, 280. Tice, Tohn, 280. Ticknor, Alroy A., 280. Tiffany, Wallace, captured, 50; 280. Tillinghast, Henry D., field and staff officers, 3; 1. 181, 280. Tilton Hospital, 287. Tindal, William, 215, 281. Tisdale, George M., 281. Todd, Hollis D., 281. Toland, John, 281. Tompkins, James H., 282. Torbet, Alfred Thomas Archimedes, 67. Tosh, Alexander, captured, 87 ; 282. Totten, Stephen, 281. Toumey, Dennis, 282. Trent House Hospital, 271, 282. Trier, Henry, 281. Tritschler, Charles, 281. Trommeter, Henry, 281. Troutman, Peter, 281. Troy, 193. Truax, Charles I., wounded, 46; 281. Truax, Joseph H., 281. Tucker, Albert D., 281. Tucker, Darius, 281. Turk, Rice, 282. Turner, Henry, 282. Turner, James, wounded, 86; 282. Turner, John, 282. Turner, Myron, wounded, 46 ; 282. Turner. Orton, 282. Turner's Lane Hospital, 275. Twelfth Corps, 29, 35, 36. Twelfth New York Battery, 184. Twelfth New York Cavalry, 255. Twentieth New York Regiment, 29, 289. Twentv-first New Jersey Regiment, 149. Twentv-first New York Regiment, 20, 169, 178. 196, 252. TwentA^-sixth Georgia Regiment, 72. Twenty-sixth New York Cavalry, 226. Two Taverns, 35. Tyler, Mortimer Le Verne, killed, 52; 162, 282. Tyler, William H., 282. Umberhum, Richard, 283. Union Defense Committee, 1. Union Hospital, 196. Union Hall Hospital, 188. United States Hospital, 170, 221. United States National Cemetery, 88, 89. United States Signal Corps, 250. Upton, Colonel, forlorn hope charge, 49. Urbanna, 18. Utica, 227, 240. 277. Uttley, Thomas, wounded, 46; 283. Vail, David W., 283. Valentine, Henry C, killed, 45 ; 89, 223, 283. Van Baalin, Henry, 283. Van Brocklin, Edwin R., 283. Van Brunt, Albert, 283. Vanderhorst, Henry, captured, 53; 88, 283. Vanderpool, James, wounded, 77; 283. Van Gelder, Alfred, 283. Van Gelder, Henry M., 284. Van Volkenburg, Timothy, 284. Vaueh, Patrick J., 284. Vedder, Gustavus, wounded, 36; 32, 284 Vedder, William S., 284. Veith, Joseph, 284. Veteran Reserve Corps, 170, 180. 186, 195, 196, 202. 204. 207. 209, 215, 216, 218, 224, 230. 236, 237, 238, 242, 254, 260, 264, 270, 271, 278, 279. 282, 284, 286, 289, 290. 291, 292. Vickery, Edgar R., 284. Vigala, Bartholomew, wounded, 37; 284. Vilbert, Anthony, 284. Vilmier, Michael, 284. Vinton, Francis L., in command of Third Briiyade, 23 ; wounded, 27. Vishniskki, Felix, 284. Virginia Central Railroad, 59. Voltze. George, wounded, 53 ; 284. Von Gavl, Frederic, first lieutenant Company B, 3; 211, 285. Voorhees, Weizner, killed, 45 : 285. Vosburg, Jacob, 285. Wadding, Philip, killed, 45; 285. Wagner, John, 90, 285. Wagner, Nicholas L., captured. 37; 105. 117. 285. Wahlen, Jacob, 285. Wain, Charles. 285. Wait. Rufus R.. wounded. 53: 285. Waldron. James A., 226. 285. Walker, Daniel. 89. Walker. Elias. 285. Walker. George T., 285, 286. Walls. James, wounded. 46 ; 286. Walsh, William W., 286. Walters, John, 286. Walton, Edward W.. 286. 316 Index Ward, Frank, 286. Ward, Warren A., killed, 45; 286. Wark, John F., killed, 71 ; 89, 286. Warner, Christian H., 286. Warner, Enos, 286. Warner, Mrs. Katherine C, 155. Warner, Niles T., 286. Warren, 88, 90, 133, 139, 143, 149. Warren, Gouverneur Kemble, 40, 42, 43, 48. Warren. Harlan P., 286. Warrenton, 38, 104, 192. Warrenton Junction, 38. Warsaw, 188, 203. 206, 213, 234, 237, 251, 257, 258, 274. Washburn, Albert, 286. Washington, 6, 7, 15, 18. 37, 63, 68, 74, 85, 87, 96, 100, 121, 122, 124, 128. 129, 140, 146, 156, 157, 158, 159, 170, 171. 172, 173. 174, 175. 176, 177, 180, 181, 182, 184. 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 198, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221. 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234. 235, 236. 237, 238. 239, 240. 243, 244, 245, 246, 247. 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266. 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 290. Waterman, Hiram, wounded, 50; 2S7 Watkins, Nicholas. 287. Watson, John. 287. Watts Creek, 8, 156. Waynesboro. 36, 268, 277. Weaver. Henry H., 287. Weed. John E., 287. Weed, Mrs. Louisa C, 155. Weiler, Joseph, 287. Weinberg, Isaac, 287. Weingertner, Michael, wounded, 46 ; 287. Weirner. Augustus, 287. Weiss, Julius A., 38, 287. Weissenberger, George, 287. Weissmantel. John Adam. 288. Welch, Redmond. 288. Wcldon Railroad, 85. Wellington, Levi, 288. Wellington, Warren C, 288. Wells. John D., " A Soldier's Grave," 102 ; " The Vanishing Troops," 103. Wells. William H., 288. Westfield, 2. 3, 4, 173. 174, 185, 186, 190, 193, 224, 225, 229, 232, 235, 241, 248, 253, 254, 264, 269, 275, 284, 291. West Philadelphia, 201. West Point, 13. 140. West Seneca, 216. West, William H., 288. Wheeler. Benjamin E., 288. Wheeler, Charles E., 288. Wheeler. William F., captain Com- pany D, 3 ; 267. 288. Whitcomb, Eugene, 288. White. Benajah B.. captured. 33; 288 White Hall Hospital, 191, 273. White House Landing, 10, 13, 14, 270. 285. White. James. 288. White, John C, 288, 289. White, Joseph, 289. White Oak Church, 127, 169, 170, 173, 175, 180, 183, 185, 187, 190, 193, 197, 202, 203, 204, 214, 216, 220, 223, 228, 230, 237, 241, 253. 255, 256, 260, 261, 262, 274, 287. 289. White Oak Swamp, 5, 152, 156. White Plains. 252, 273. Whittier, C. A., 81. Widmer, Samuel, 289. Wieder, Joseph I.. 289. Wies. Louis, 289. Wiggins, William Theodore, second lieutenant Company C, 3; killed, 45 ; 188. 222. 289. Wightman, Ira B.. 289. Wilbur, Solomon, 289. Wilcox, Alamando, 289. Wilcox, Alfred E.. wounded. 22; 289. Wilcox, Arnold D., 289. Wilcox, Daniel, killed, 52 ; 289. Wilcox, George. 290. Wilcox, Sevmour H., 290. Wilcox. Van. 290. Wilder. Francis M.. 290. Wilderness. 5. 6. 43. 47. 48. 69, 11, 102, 124. 155. 170. 172, 173, 179, 180, 182, 183, 186. 188. 189, 190. 191. 192. 195. 197. 198. 201. 203. 204. 205. 206, 207. 208. 209. 210, 211, 213, 215, 216, 217. 219, 220, 221. 225. 226. 228, 229, 231, 234, 235. 237. 242, 243, 244, 245, 246. 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252. 254, 255. 256. 257, 259, 260, 261, 264. 265, 267. 269. 270, 271, 272. 279, 280, 281, 282. 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292. Wilder, Joseph D„ 88. 290. Wilder, Walter D., 226, 290. Index 317 Wilken, Christopher, killed, 45; 290 Wilhamsburg, 6, 9, 10, 16, 123 238 240, 244. ' Williams, Charles, 290. Williams, Edwin C, 290 Williams, John, 290. Williams, Leroy D., 290. Williams, Levi A., 291. Williamsport, 267. Williams, Robert J., 291. Williams, Sherman, "An Amusing Incident in Camp Life," 119- "A J'.'jbute to a Loyal Virginian," Williams, Theodore C, 89, 291. Williams, William H., wounded, S3- 291. ' ' Wilmington, 225, 287 Wilson, 271. Wilson, Charles R., wounded 46- 291. Wilson, Daniel L., 291. Wilson, Robert, killed, 45; 291 Wilson, William, 291. Winchester, 68, 71, 72, 1Z, 88, 97, 153 183, 236, 254, 257, 263. Windmill Point Hospital, 269. Winegardner, James, 291. Winney, Henry, 291. Winters, Willison, 291. Witherell, Seymour B., 291. Witter, William Owen, captured, 47- 292. '^onderlin, Franklin, wounded, 77; Wood, Edward M., wounded Z2>- 292. ' Wood, George, 292. Woodard, Samuel J., wounded, 22; Woolsey, Elliott H., 292. Wright, Benjamin, 292. Wright, Horatio Gates, in command of Sixth Corps, 48; in fort, 64; directed, 65; stopped retreat of Union army at Cedar Creek, 76; resumed command of Sixth Cores 79; 154. ^ ' Wright, William, 292. Wuerz, William, second lieutenant Company B, 3; 230, 292. Yates, 11, 271. York, 213, 261. Yorktown, 5, 8, 16, 81, 95, 118 124 193, 198, 226, 229, 234, 241, 245 24d 282, 286. Yorktown National Cemetery 89 York. William, 292. Young, James, 292. Young's Mills. 8. 156. 187. 205. ZiMMER, John, 292. Zimmerman, William, 292.