67/ 
 
 CLxL^^, IS 74-. 
 
 ITL,^. 
 
 ^% 
 
aass_£-M. 
 
 Book • D^JL 
 
NATIONAL ANI> STATK POLITICS. 
 
 y Xf 
 
 ^ 
 
 SrEECH OF HON.H. G. 
 
 In Mineral County Convention, on S.iMirday, 
 August 15lh, 1874. 
 
 luW„r-Citi-.ri>s find Frinids: — Y"U 
 liiivc just broil acklrossed by the Hon. C 
 ,1. FaiilkiKT, OIK' of the must distiiiu;uii»^i- 
 cd men of the State or country. He has 
 made a speech worthy of himself and 
 llie Democratic party. " His romarlcs on 
 civil ris:;lits deserve special notice. I 
 liave- heard nearly all the speeces in tli.> 
 Senate on this subject— none excelles the 
 one just made. This is one of the larj;-est 
 countv Conventions 1 have ever attend- 
 ed, it is pleasant for me lo meet and 
 talk to so many of tho?e who lirst lionor- 
 cd me with their eontidenee 1)y electini;- 
 me a member of the l.nver branch of the 
 Legislature of this State in ISd'), and 
 that at a time when the party ^Vils in a 
 political minority. From that time you 
 iiave constantly favored me, l>y electint;- 
 me to the Senate of the; State, imtil the 
 year when, the Legislature of the State 
 electcvi me on(^ of\our llepresentutives 
 ill the iS'ational Coimcils. And I ilesire 
 now to express my gratitude for thccon- 
 lindence you have sa freequently and 
 irencrousl'y reposed in me. You know 
 that it is not my habit to make leny;thy 
 speeches. But'l feel constrained at this 
 time, ill response to numerous calls that 
 have been made upon nie, to depart from 
 
 mv usual custom. : If youAvill, tlwrclore, 
 iK'ar with me, I "wiU endeavor to give 
 you some account of tlni way "national 
 aliaiTS are conducted under Ilcpublican 
 rule, and so'mo thoughts in reference to 
 the policy and future prospect.-^ of the 
 Democratic partv of this State. 
 
 You and 1 wifl have work to do be- 
 tween now and th(! X)ctober election. A 
 thorou;;h ori;anizatioa should be had, and 
 a thormioh^i-anvass made if you Avish to 
 accomplish, an overwhelming victory. 
 It is not enough in time of war to organ- 
 v/.i^tm armv ami appoint competent gen- 
 erals to command it, and tlicn content 
 voiirselves with drcss.paradcs. It will 
 not do to content yourselves with the 
 tliou-'ht, that !)ecause of a superiority of 
 numbers, all you liavetodois to exhibit 
 vour number.-i and await thesurfondor ot 
 tin- I'liemy. tou must not ex'peet our 
 ojiponent's to march into your camp ami 
 deliver up their arms without a struggle. 
 J f voii expect victory, you must be ag- 
 gressive. You must expo.-e their trickery 
 and deceit. Y'ou must show our supen- 
 oritv as a'partyin P"int of morals, and 
 an 'ecomical administration of allaiiv. 
 Trt do this succi^ssl'ully you must bo arm- 
 ed with (^tHcial facts and tiixures. T hav.- 
 
2 
 
 ,U^6, 
 
 taken iome pain.- to collect together 
 some facts and tigures connected with 
 the adniinislration of public art'airh by 
 the Kepublicaiis, l>oth National and 
 State, and if you will bear with nie while 
 I tresspass on your patience, 1 will en- 
 deavor to present them to you. 
 
 th 
 
 civil, );M;in.s lui-i.. 
 
 Ami 1 will tir.-t call youi- attiniion 
 what is known jis Sinnner's Civil Rig 
 Bill, beeau.'-e this is tlic nio>l iniquitou 
 all the ijiiquities that -the Kepublicans 
 'endeavoring to foi^t upon the people,; 
 if continued in powci' tliey wjll per 
 trate this disgrace as ccilainly as ni: 
 succeeds day. The Itiil is sweeping 
 its provisions and the ))ena]ties alta<- 
 for any violation of" tlie law, are of 
 severest chiiracter. The tirst section 
 this infamous bill, as it ])assed the Sen 
 reads as follow.^: 
 
 '•That all citi/.en> and ..iher jxt.-uiis 
 witliin the jui-isdietion <jf the United 
 States shall be entitled to fui 1 and equal 
 enjoyment of the acconunodations, ad- 
 vantages, faeilitios and priviliges of pub- 
 lic conveyances on land or water, thea- 
 tres «r other public placies of amust;- 
 ment, and also of the common schools 
 and public in.stitutions of letu'ning or 
 benevolence, snp))orte,d in whole ur in 
 part by general taxation, and of ceme- 
 teries so suppoi'ted, and also institutions 
 known as aggricuU^iral colle'o-es (endowed 
 In- the United ^States, subject only to the 
 conditions and limitations established by 
 the law and applicable alike to citizens of 
 every race and color I'Cgardless of any 
 previous ('ondition of servitude.' 
 
 The second section provides a iicnalty 
 of $500 and costs to be paid the aggriev- 
 ed party, and further nnikes any viola- 
 tion of the piovisions Of the lirstsection, 
 a misdemeanoi-, punishable witli aline of 
 notmorethan $1,000 — or imin-isonnimt 
 jiot more than one year. 
 
 The third section gives the district and 
 circuit courts of the United States c.xclu- 
 bivc cog'nizancw of all' vi(dations of llu' 
 provisions of this ait. Thus dejn-iving 
 the State Courts of all power in the 
 premises. 
 
 Tile fourth section ))rovidos that no 
 person sliall be diMjualilied on account of 
 color, previous condition, Ac., from ,-orv- 
 ing as grand or petit juror in any <ourt 
 of the United States, and make the failure 
 of^ny officer who excludes siicli per>on' 
 
 from iuch service, a misdemeanor, pun- 
 ishable with .il,000 line. 
 
 The bill passed the Senate by a vote of 
 2it to l(j — ^^almost two to one. And yet 
 when it was introduced in the Senate, it 
 met with hardly any countenance or 
 favoi'. But lindiiig their powei- continu- 
 ed, the leader of the Ile])ublican party 
 concluded to father this infamy, and m> 
 pulled the party lines, and the obedient 
 rank and tile obeying the command, the 
 bill was rushed through. The Democra- 
 cy made a vigcrou> effort to prevent iIk^ 
 passage of this fraud upon the people, but, 
 being in a hopeless minority, they could 
 tlo nothing but stave it oft' as long a^ 
 possible. They .-bowed the uncon^titu- 
 tioiiiility of the act; they argued again-t 
 its iinpractibility; they imjdored the 
 Radicals to refrain from lhi> crowning 
 indignity upon- the Southern and border 
 Stales, but all in vain. Thcnthey tried 
 U) dfday, by resorting to evei-y parlia- 
 mentary tactic po,ssible, but the Eeputili- 
 cans were too strong for them, and after 
 an all day and night's session they sue- 
 ce(xled in putting on the gag law and 
 forcing its passage. This bill, it is true, 
 iuis not yet passed the House, but it 
 failed simply for want of a sufBcieiil 
 luunber of votes to suspend the rules and 
 put it upon its passage. TheBepublican- 
 voted for this suspension almost to a man, 
 but foilu,natcly, by calling ttie yca> and 
 nays, »S;c., thi' Democrats were enabled to 
 d(!feat the bill for the present. But it i- 
 on the calendar in such a pcjsition that it 
 can be called up for ))assage at any day 
 next session the Kepublican party may 
 clnn^se. Its linal passage depend.- in my 
 ojiinion, on the results of the election,- 
 thi^ tall. If the Bei)ublicans are .suc- 
 cessful the bill will be pas-ed, because the 
 ilepublicaii representative.- will take 
 their suci'ess as an endoi'sement of the 
 measure by tiie people. If, however, the 
 manhood of the country rises up against 
 this petty persecution; if the J^emocracv 
 exert themselves to acti^>n, and througli 
 th(! ballot box, by the election of true, 
 men opposed to negro supriwnacy, ("n^'sar- 
 ism and nepotism, notify the Bepublican 
 party thai its tenure of ])ower i- hi'ld by 
 i)Ul a slender thread, and thattli«« jieojjle 
 will not stand tliis infringement upon 
 their rights, the liill will ])robably die an 
 early death as it should. And even if 
 they <'an secure a majority in the lower 
 braiich of Congress, tliey cun by an unil- 
 ed ertort destroy tlie large uuijority henu 
 tofore jiadby the Kepublicans, and check 
 
(^ 
 
 ^ Jo .1 Iar2;p oxtciit, tlio orowmt; tenden- 
 .^^.'ics of the Republieaii ]i:irtyin tbo dirop- 
 tioii I have nanifil. 
 
 ThP stroiis,-('it (ihji'dioii to tlii-- \>\\\-- 
 although thi' wlml.- I.ill i> iillcrlv nl)jrc- 
 ^ -tiunablo in nil it- ]t:irt< — i-^'it< ln-afiiii;- 
 ^"^on the c'oninioii >chool svsli'in ol' the 
 •-Southern and border States. The whoh' 
 Xf«^. hope of the risint!; t!;eni'ration i« in the 
 I'dimnon scliool system. Tt is witli great 
 ditReulty that hirge -flasscs .,f ppoph; in 
 tlit'se States, onee in atttucnt cirennistnn- 
 c't's, are enabled toprovido tlic lu-ccssaries 
 <>f life, let alone send tlieii- children otf 
 to costly schools. Already the mere im- 
 pending shadow of this hill has cast its 
 >j,l(iom, and is retarding theschool systems 
 .if many of these States. If this hill 
 passes, the school system will he utterly 
 ruined, and there will be no general 
 chool appropriations, exc£?pt here and 
 there. What think those of you who 
 earn your living by "the sweat of your 
 brow," and to whom the common free 
 s^chools of this State are a priceless boon, 
 ejiabling ^'T)U to educate y()ur children, 
 and give them a start in life, of the party 
 that attempts to force such a bill as this 
 down the. throat of the public school 
 system, and thus strangle it to death? 
 iiven the proliability of its passage has 
 done an immense amount of harm. I 
 notice in the papers that the State Super- 
 intendent of Tennessee has already is- 
 sued a circular addressed to the county 
 superintendents,&c.,|throughout the State, 
 advising that no new contracts with 
 teachers of either white or corored schools 
 tie entered into by school directors, imtll 
 the fate of this bill be determined. The 
 jmssage of this bill woidd be the greatest 
 calamity that could possil)ly befall the col- 
 n]-('d people themselves. For it will not 
 only deprive the children of poor wliite 
 people of an education, for all time to conu> 
 but rhoscoftlic colored people also. The 
 wealthy, of course, will not sutter, be- 
 ("nuse they can patronize private schools. 
 And just here, f will add testimoTi\' 
 from a Radical source: Senator W. G. 
 Hrownlow, commonly known as Parson 
 Hrownlow, and who has been, anfi is, 
 identified with the Kepublican party as 
 one of its most radical members, in a 
 letter addrrssed to Rev. Dr. Bartlett, 
 I'resjdf^nt of the Mai'yville College, Ten- 
 nessee, in r(^ference to the passage of this 
 bill, denounces the measure in unqualifi- 
 ed term*, and says the bill might appro- 
 printely be termed "A bill for the en- 
 couragement of riot and chaos in the 
 
 Southern States, and for the humiliation 
 of the widows, and the oppression of the 
 orphans of the South." 
 
 But these are not all the evils. " A 
 feeling of returning loyalty which was 
 growing in the South, will die out, and 
 one of hostility to the (TovernmeiU will 
 take its place. 
 
 Another evil that would re>uh tVom 
 this bill, if a law is its possible eltect 
 upon the minds of 8(»U,(K>0 ignorant 
 voters, in sprejiding delusions as to the 
 powers and duty of (Congress, and as 
 to the-means by which social e(|uality is 
 to be obtained. For it teaches and leads 
 to social equality, as well as j)olit;cal 
 equality, turn it which way you may. 
 And that this is the purpose of th(we 
 who are pressing this bill m?iy be infer- 
 red from the speeches of some of tlie 
 prominent advocates of it in the Senate 
 and elsewhere. As a sample I quote 
 from a speech delivered in the Senate by 
 Senator Boutwell, on the21i5t of May, on 
 this bill: 
 
 "A system of public instruction sup- 
 ported by general taxation is security. 
 first, for the prevalence and continuance 
 of those ideas of equality which lead every 
 human bemg to recognize every other 
 human being as an equal in all natural 
 and political rights; and the only way 
 by which those ideas can be made uni- 
 versal is to bring together in public 
 schools, during the former period of life, 
 the children of all classes, and educate 
 them together. 
 
 "The public schocil is an epitome of 
 life-, and in it children are taught so that 
 they luiderstand thos*^ lelations and con- 
 ditions of life which, if not acquired in 
 childhood and youth, are not likely af- 
 terwards to be gained. To say as is the 
 construction placed upon so much of this 
 bill as I ]iroposi' to >trike out, that equal 
 facilities shall be given in ditferi'nt 
 schools, is to rob your system of public 
 instrvK'tion of that, quality by which our 
 people, without regard to race or color, 
 shall be assimilated in ideasj personal, 
 and public, so that when they arrive at 
 the period of manhood they shall act to- 
 gether upon y)ublic questions with ideas 
 fornu'd under the same infiuences, &c." 
 
 Mr. Botwell's effort was to enforce 
 such close associations of the races, es- 
 pecially in the primary schools, that 
 they, would learn to love one anothor; 
 that by early contai-t, thi' T-epugnace of 
 one race to the other might be over- 
 come, ami that in time tliev mii>:hl be pro- 
 
4- 
 
 })ai'ed for the great oonsuniation by which 
 ijie two alien races may be inixecl in one. 
 
 And again: A cgnvention of colored 
 mt'ij was held in Washington last winter 
 to take national acton in reference to this 
 hill, and one of their prominent nn-m- 
 bers and orators, a ]V[r. Clark of v)iiio, 
 addressed the cimvention thereon. To 
 show what these people demand as their 
 rights, I quote from his speech: "We 
 want no <'lored schools; we want no 
 white schools; what we want is free 
 schools for everyone. "\A> want the 
 white children of the land to have the 
 privilege of -setting by the side of the 
 colorcil children in our schools, that these 
 jirejiulices may be overcome in early life." 
 This extract is taken from a report of the 
 }.roceedings, published in the "Washington 
 CJirnnJdc; a llepublican newspaper. " 
 
 Why the Jiepublicrn ])arty sh'iuld 
 deem it necessary to the jieace and hap- 
 piness of the colored race to force mixed, 
 chools upon the people, 1 cannot imagine 
 ')r conjecture. If it is intended as" a 
 fnilher ]mnishment to the fS(jnthern and 
 border States, it will fall far short of its 
 mark, because it will not etlect the pres- 
 ent generation — I mean the older por- 
 tion, of course, — but it will debar the 
 thousands of children of these t^tates, 
 black as well as white, fi-oni the advant- 
 'age of a free school educiftion. And it 
 may.be noticed in tins connection, that 
 there are over a million of colored chil- 
 dren now receiving free school instruction. 
 
 As another illustration ofthe beauties of 
 eivil rights, I quote from the constitutions 
 of several Southern States the provisions 
 as to schools, voting tV'c, and it will be re- 
 membered that these i)rovisioiis were 
 made a precedejit of the (almi>i»<ion intn 
 Ihe r;/(o« of these States, by a Jladicjil 
 ('oiigress, and the act admitting these 
 Stales provides that these ])rovisions in 
 their constitutions shall not be changed, 
 except by and with the consent of 0(Sn- 
 gress. The quotations in i-.-latiuii U< 
 schools are as follows: 
 
 Louisiana -The General .A-semblv 
 shall tvtablisli nt least one free public 
 school in every parish throughout the 
 State, and shall provide for its support bv 
 taxation and otlierwise. All children <if 
 thi:; tjfute, between the ages of six (()) hjkI 
 twenty-'on(! (21) shall be'admitti-d to the 
 publie. schools or other institutions of 
 leiirniiig sustained or established by the 
 State in <'ommon, without distinction of 
 race, color, or jirevioiiscondilion. 'J'here 
 shall be no sjiernte s.j N or in-tili;(i..ri- 
 
 of learning- established exclusively for 
 any race by the State of Louisiana." Ar- 
 i'lcLe, 135, (hnsfitn/ioti. 
 
 NouTH Carolina — The Ccn, ral A-- 
 sembly, at its lirstsession under tlii> con- 
 stitution, shall jirovide, by taxation ;ind 
 otherwise, for a general and uiiilorm 
 system of public schools, wherein tuilion 
 shall be free of charge to a// the ehil.lr.'i, 
 of the State between the age of six (.0) 
 and twenty-one (21 ). year-. Srr. 2, AH. 
 IX, Coi>stitii/io)i. 
 
 Florida — It is«the jiaramount duty ol 
 th(^ State to make ample ))ro\ision for 
 the educatiou of all the >'hildi-en residing 
 within its Ijordeis, without distinction or 
 preference. .SVr. 1, .■!/•/. \] W^CoilsHIkCi,,,,. 
 
 The Legislature .shall provide a uni- 
 form system of (Himinon schools, and a 
 university, and .shall provide for the 
 liberal maintonance of the same. Tn- 
 struetiou in them shall l>e free. Src l! (.f 
 .same. 
 
 GiCoiioiA — The (ieneral .Vs.sciubly at 
 its liast session after the adoption(>f this 
 constitution, shall ])rovi(l(^ a- thorough 
 system of gjMieral edut-ation, to be_/'i«-<(r; 
 free, fudli chiUh-iMi >d' the State, "the ex- 
 l)ense of whiili shall be provided for .by 
 taxation or olliurwi-e. ,SVy-. 1, ,1/7. ]\', 
 
 (Altl.sfUldin/l. 
 
 South CAiioi.ixA — It shall be the 
 duty of the General Assembly to provide 
 for the (-(inijiK/sor// (ttir/tdoncc, at either 
 ])ublic or private schools, of fill children 
 between the ages of six (G) and si\teen(lG) 
 years luit phisically or mentally disjUjled, 
 for a tcVm equivalent totwenly-four (•_'!) 
 months, :it least; l^ror'ulrtl, Tlial no law 
 to that etfect shall be ]ia--e(l until 
 a system of public schools has been 
 thoroughly and com|)letely organized 
 
 and facilities atfonled to all 
 tants of the State loi' the fn 
 
 ilntbi- 
 ■ation 
 
 •I, Arl. \, ('■'.„- 
 
 and 
 sup))orted ill 
 public fund 
 
 of their chntlren. ,SV,'. 
 stihtikni. 
 
 All the publi(r .schoo 
 universities of this State, 
 whole or in jjart by the 
 shall be free and open to all the children 
 and youths of the State, without regard 
 to rari' or color. Src. 10 of same. 
 
 Arkansas — A general dill'iision of 
 knowhtdge and intelligence among all 
 classes being essential to the preserva- 
 tion of the rights and liberties of 
 tlie people, tho General Assembly shall 
 estai)li<li and mantain u system of free 
 schools for the gratuitous instruc- 
 tijui of (ill persons in this State 
 between tile ages of live (.')) and 
 
twciitv-oiic (21) real's. Hcc. 1, Arl. IX, 
 
 'Till' (j'cncral Aasemhlij ahall rcijuirr. hy 
 Idir iliitt ci-i'ry child of ■•iitj/icieiit inonal 
 (uii/ ]i/ii/sicfd (ihilUii s/iaU (lite)id llin i)ul)- 
 lif schools diiriim tlu- ]i(M-iod between the 
 ages of live (5J niul ei^liteeii .(IS) years, 
 for a t(!nu efjuivah'iit to throe yeart^, un- 
 less educatetl by other means. Sec. G,. 
 Art. IX, 'o/' .H(ime.. 
 
 Ai.AliA.MA — It shall he Ihe duty of the 
 hoard. to establish, Ihmughout th(! State, 
 in each township, oi- (ithei- school district 
 which it may have created, one or nion> 
 schools, iit whicii nil the < hildren of the 
 Slate between the :ii;-es of live (.j) snul 
 twent^'-one (21) yf^ars, may attend free of 
 cliarge. Sec. (i, Art. XI, 'Otiistitidioti. 
 
 Those in relntion to voting, &c., are as 
 follows: 
 
 ALABAirA~"All pei'sons •before regis- 
 tering mnst take, and subscribe the fol- 
 lowing oath: 'I, , do solemnlj- 
 
 swear (or affirm) ••■ ® * thatl 
 
 aecejit the civil and political equality of 
 all men, and agree not to attempt to de- 
 prive any person or persons, on account 
 of race, color, or previt)us condition, of 
 an }• political or civil right, privilege, or 
 immunity enjoyed bj' anj' other class of 
 men," etc. (hnsldutio)i, Art. YII, Sec. 4. 
 
 Akkansas^"JZ^ p<!rsons before ir</i';- 
 trri)i(/ or fotrnfj, must take and subscribe 
 
 the following oath: 'I, , do S(d- 
 
 (!mnly swear (or adirm) • * * * * * 
 tbat I accept the civil and political equal- 
 ity of all men, and agree not to attcjmpt 
 to tleprive any pcsrson or porsoiuss, on ac- 
 count of race, ccdor or pre\'ious condition, 
 of any political or civil^right, privilege 
 or immunity enjoyed by a^iy otliei' class 
 of men,' " etc. (hnstltniion', Arl. ^' II 1, 
 Sec. 5. 
 
 ]\I ississii'Pi — "Th(! Legislature shall 
 provide, by law, for the registration of all 
 per.sons entitled to vote at any election, 
 and all persons entitled to register sbiill 
 take and sub.scribe to the following oath 
 
 or affirmation : 'I, , do solemnly 
 
 swear (or affirm,) iu the prescMice of Al- 
 mighty (ilod, * » «■ that I udndt the 
 ^.lo^^Vtci/^ and civil equality of all men. So 
 help me God." Cumtilnlion, Arl. \'ll, 
 See. ;}. - 
 
 ViKoiNiA — "All persons, before enter- 
 ing >ipon the discharge of any functions 
 as olilcer.s of this State, nuist take and 
 subscribe the following oath or allirma- 
 
 tion: 'I, , do solemnly swwtr (or 
 
 affirm) * « * « tliat I recogni/.e 
 and accept the civil and jwlHical equality 
 of all men before the law, etc. So lielp 
 
 me God.' " Comtiiution, Art. 1 II, Ncr. G. 
 
 Louisiana — "Members of tlu' Gen- 
 eral Asseinblj', and alb other officers, he- 
 fore they enter upon the duties of their 
 offices, shall take the following <>:dh or 
 affirmation.: '1, (A. !{.,) do solemnly 
 swear (or affirm) that 1 accept the cird- 
 and ■jHtlilieid. equality of all men, and 
 agret^ not to aiten)i)t to depriw any ))er- 
 son, or per.«;on.s, on account of i-ace, <'olor, 
 or priivious condition, of any jiolitical or 
 civil right, privileges, or immunit.v *^''i- 
 joyed by any otlnu- cla.ss of men, etc So 
 help mi! God.'" Omstiiuiion,. Title YI. 
 Art. 100. ." .• 
 
 So you will see nearly all the Constitu- 
 tions of tliese Southern States are ba.scfl 
 on this idea of negro equality, .and an 
 oath to support them is roade a. condition 
 more or less of eitizi'iiship under tliem. 
 Therefore, no citi/.en from the noilh, east 
 or west, not in favor ot negro equalRy, 
 can move to any of these States, as I'e- 
 constructed l)y Congre.s.s, Avithout dis- 
 franchismg himself. Even a Union man, 
 unless he swore that he believed a negro 
 to b(! his equal, could iu)t vote in one of 
 these States. But I nuist hasten on to 
 another ellort that is being made in this 
 direction. I refer fo what is known as 
 iio.vu'.s sciiooi. ni 1,1.. 
 
 This is a bill introduced in the House 
 of Iiepre.-'eidati\e?; by Mr. Hoar, a .Kadi- 
 cal from .Massaduisetls, and he has given 
 it the lofty tith^ of, "A bill to establish a 
 system of iiational 'eilucation.' 1 have 
 not time to di.scuss this bill in all its 
 bciU'ing.s, and so must conti'ut myself 
 with reading portions of i1, whi.h must 
 fully e.K.plain its meaning.' It will be 
 seen that the jnirport of the hill is to 
 take away from tlu; States the right to 
 control their own schools, and to place 
 them under natiomil control, juid for the 
 purpos(! of keeping them in opcr.ation 
 and paying the nunieivnis ..Hicials. A 
 direct ta.v vi' JiJ'li/ millions of d.jllars is 
 provided for in tlic hill. 
 
 The .sections ami parts <•!' Cclioiis I 
 refer to, areas follows: 
 A Hill to PHahli.sh a System of National 
 
 iMhication. 
 
 That there shall he (i/ijmiideil hfthe 
 President, by and with the advice ftnd 
 consent of the Senate, within and for 
 each State, a St.att! Supei'inti-ndi'nt of 
 Natiomil Schools, who shall receive a sal- 
 ary of three thoiisond dollars per airiniDi. 
 ami who shall hold office for the term of 
 ibur j-ears from tin.' dale of his apjioinl- 
 ment, unless sooner removed by the 
 President. 
 
6 
 
 Skc. 2. Ainlhr -,1 fnrfhcr r„(,rh'</, 'I'Jmt 
 tlio .State siipcrintcnilcnt .-^IimII divi.lo \\\< 
 State into as many division.'^ of con von i- 
 iMitsizfas llio nunil)M- of rppro.«c'nt!itivis 
 iiiC'oii<;T<'-;s to wliich-said Stato isfntitlcd, 
 wliich divisions shall lip tho same a- liii' 
 districts into which -^nid Slnlc siiall he 
 divided t;.r the dioicc ,,r r.-jircMMitativ. s, 
 unless for special reasons it shall seem 
 advisahle ntlicrwise to divide the State. 
 The Seeretai y ol' the Interior shall a]i- 
 jioint Un- each of said diSisions a division 
 inspector of national schools, who shall 
 i-eside within said division, and who shall 
 hold his otlice until removed hv the Sec- 
 retary of the Interior, and who shall re- 
 eeive a salaryof /(/■., Ilninsaiid dnUar.tpcr 
 (iiimoii. 
 
 Sec. ;5. Ami hr ]l Jitrihn- oHidni That 
 said divisions shall l)e divided hv the 
 State Superinteiulent into school districts 
 of convenient si/.e, havinaj riderence to 
 the nuiulter of children dwelling therein, 
 and theii' convenience in attending 
 school. The Secretary of the Interior 
 shall appoint some suitable person to be 
 local su])erintendent of national schools 
 within said district. The comjiensation 
 of said local superiutcndent shall he fixed 
 hy the Secretary of the Interior by such 
 general regulations as he shall ))rescribe. 
 
 Sec. 4. Aiid be if fmiher cjtdcled, That 
 sucli nundier of schools shall be kept in 
 each district as the State -^u^nM-inlcndenl 
 shall direct; Providh/, That there shall 
 he opportunity afforded to inri/ didd 
 dwelling therein hetween tlie ages of f-i\ 
 and eighteen to attend school for at least 
 "^i-x months in each year, snhject to such 
 regulations and restrictions as vhall he 
 necessary for the discipline of the sj'hools. 
 
 Skc. r,". Andhi' if fiiilhcr riidcfrd. That 
 it shall he llie dnfv of cverv loc.nl .-\i|.im-- 
 mteiiflen't to seh'ct the place f.r the 
 srhooi house within his di^triei, which he 
 slinll purchase or hire in the nnine ><\' lie- 
 I'niti-d States. No contrait for >ucli 
 purchase or iiire shall be concluded with- 
 out thi^ written approh.ation ot' the State 
 ^superintendent. In ca-^e no suilahle 
 place can he ohlaini-d with the runsi'ti/ o|' 
 the oi///('/-, the division in -peetor may ap- 
 propriate a traf.-t of .such puipii e hy tiling 
 a desci'iptioj' the same, hy mcle^ nnd 
 hound^, in ihc' clerk's oHice of the ili-- 
 trict ••oinl of the (fnilcd Staler wherein 
 the same i-^ situated, togcthei- with an 
 c'^tiinate of the damages cui'^^ed to any 
 )>ert-on liy taking the sairic, which appro- 
 priation and eutimate sliall he firsi ap- 
 proved by the Slate rupennlendent and 
 
 shall then lie recorded liy said clerk in r 
 hook to 1)1' kept for that purpose. From 
 the dale of said filing, the title of said 
 tract of land ^hall vest in the Tnited 
 States. 
 
 Si^c. (;. A I'd t,r if fnrfhrr cuacfcl^ That 
 the school hooks to Ix' used in all the na- 
 tional schools shall he such as are. prc- 
 sci'ihed hy the said superintendent, under 
 the direction of the Cominissioner of 
 Education. They >hall be furnished by 
 the State su)ierintendent to the division 
 inspector, and hy the latter tothe local in- 
 spector, for the children within his dis- 
 trict, and hy him distributed to them at 
 cost; I'fiiridt'd, That if any child is un- 
 able to pay the cost of the books needed 
 and used by it the .-anie shall be furnished 
 gratuitouslv. 
 
 Sec. 7. And hr ,7 furfhr,- nuivfnl. That 
 it shall be the duty of the local superin- 
 tendent to provifle for the care and pro- 
 te<'tion and repair of the school houses, 
 and to procure fuel therefor, wh(^re ne- 
 cessary. If it shall be necessary to erect 
 a schoid house in any district, the local 
 superintendent shall contract for the 
 same, the contract therefor to receive the 
 approbation of the State superintendent 
 before it shall be binding. 
 
 Skc. 8. Avd I)f if fiirflu-r rmicfid. That 
 file local superintendent shall select and 
 contract with the teacher or teachers for 
 1 he -schools within his district, at a rale 
 and lor a perod' of tim(> to hi; approved 
 by till' State Superintendent. 
 
 in th(^ performance of all the <;utie- 
 ]irovided r>y this act, the local superin- 
 tendent shall be t:ubect to the directions 
 of the division inspector, tlie division in- 
 spectcn' to those of the State Supcrinteml- 
 cut, and theState superintendent ^hall b.- 
 subject to the direction- o| the Coinmi-- 
 sioncr of Kilu>eation. 
 
 Skc. l:;. A/idl)r ;f fi<rf/,fr I'liiirfrd, That 
 the ( 'oirimissioner of Ed\ication shall 
 annually rejiort to Congress the condi- 
 tion of the national schools in each State, 
 together with such suggestions concern- 
 ing the same !is he shall deem imjiortant. 
 J/, -hall al-o, from time to tiim', prc^rrdir 
 such rule- a- he shall think lit lor the 
 goveriiiuenl'of the State luiil local -uper- 
 jutendcnts and division inspectois in ac- 
 complishine; the jiurpose cd' this act. 
 
 Skc. 14. Atid tie if ' fiirfher niiir/eif. 
 That the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
 prescribe' such rules, in I'onformity to 
 law, as shall in his judgment be nece-' 
 ■^ary to provide for the pnymenl of teach- 
 er ! J'or iantl, chool hou-es, and other cb- 
 
jeots herein provided fbr; and may re- 
 quire such voucherri frc-m any of the offi- 
 cers herein provided for ab may be ne- 
 cessary to insure security in the appliea- 
 'tioh of moneys so paid. 
 
 Si:i'. lo. And he it further nuirfril, 
 That a direvt tax ol' f/tu niilli(>ii> of dol- 
 lars is hereby laid upon the United •Stales, 
 and the same shall be proportionetl anmnj;- 
 the States, respectively, in the mannei' 
 following: 
 
 Sue. IG. A/iil Ije it further riKietrd, 
 That the said tax shall be assessed and 
 collected in the mode prescribed for the 
 collection of .the direct tax in tlie forty- 
 tifth chapter of the acts of the lirst ses- 
 sion of the thirty-seventh Congress and 
 the acts in addition thereto; Froc-idoi, 
 That tlie assessors and collectors who are 
 now, or may hereafter be, charged by law 
 with the duty of assessing or collecting 
 the internal revenue shall assess and col- 
 lect the tax herein pi'ovided, and the col- 
 lection districts for the as^esBniciit antl 
 collection of the direct tax shall be the 
 same as are now, or may hereafter be, 
 established for the assessment and collec- 
 tion of said revenue. The dwelling house 
 and lot of land on whii'h the same stands, 
 constituting the homestead of any house- 
 holder having a family, and actually 
 owned by him or her, shall be exemptetl 
 from such tax to the value of one thous- 
 and dollars. 
 
 If this bill becomes a law, by the same 
 principle Congress can supervise yoiu" 
 county aflairs, and place your county 
 roads and bridges luidcj' the supervision 
 of a detailed officer of the U. S. engineer 
 corps. It can superintend the laying of 
 your levies, and appoint your justice's and 
 •■onstables, and fix their coinpcnsati<ni. 
 If this passes there is no telling when 
 and where Congress will stop. 
 
 As an instance of the determination of 
 these Radicals to reguiate our State 
 affairs, I make one more quotation, the 
 object of which is patent to all. On the 
 25th of May last, Mr. Stewart, a Kailical 
 Senator from Navada, introduced the 
 following amendment to the Constitu- 
 tion of the United States, to be known 
 as the Sixteenth Amendment: 
 
 Article XVI. "If any State >.iiall fail 
 to maintain a c^)mmon school system, 
 under which all persons between the ages 
 of five and eighteen years not incapaci- 
 tated for the same shall receive, free <'>f 
 fharge, such elementary education a> 
 Congress may prescribe, the Congress 
 shall have j^'-'^'-'^i' *■'-' establish therein 
 
 - uch a i;y:.tem, and cause the same to he 
 maintained at the expense of such State.'' 
 
 This wat- read twice and referred to the 
 Judiciary Committee, where it now re- 
 mains, awaiting the requite of the elec- 
 tions thi.s fall. 
 
 Let mc liini your alt"niiun now for a 
 short time to the condition ol' some of 
 our Southern States, under Kadica! rule. 
 And I'll lii>t notice. 
 
 l.oLlslAN A. 
 
 This stale, wiih probably the excep- 
 tion of .South Carolina, has suffered more 
 largely at the hands of the party in 
 power than any other. The ooiiditi(">n of 
 this once prtiud and prosperous State, is 
 a disgrace to civilization, and a burning 
 shame to our country. 1 will ncit havn 
 time to mention all tiu; abuses and cor- 
 ruption that have brought this state 'of 
 things about, hut nuist content myself by 
 givijig you a few instances only. " 
 
 1 know you are all fully awjuainted 
 with tkV' newspaper accounts of the infa- 
 mies perpetrated in this Slate, under the 
 administration of Durrell, Casey, Piick- 
 ard, Kellogg and their like, so it will not 
 be necessary for me to go into a detailed 
 account of the manner in whi.h they 
 have obtained control and are now con- 
 trolling that State. Indeed I could not 
 trespass on your time to do so, so I'll 
 give but a brief resume of their crimes. 
 There was n general election held in thi„ 
 State in Movcmber, 1872, for Governor, 
 Lieutenant Governor, A,c. This election 
 was conducted without I'iot, disturbance 
 or violence, and the number of votes cast 
 was unusually large. The candidates for 
 (Governor were AVni. Pitt Kellogg and 
 John ZVlcEnery. On the counting of the 
 \otes by the proper election officers it 
 was found thai (he Greeley eledoral 
 ticket had carried the State, and that the 
 I'usion lieke^ headed by McEnery for 
 Governor and a majority of tlie fusion 
 candidates for the. Legislature had also 
 b(!en duly elected. This did not suit (he. 
 carpet-baggers and cormorants who had 
 fastened on that pt)or Slate, like si) inaiiv 
 leeches. A little life, blood yet remained 
 in the almost prostrated C\)mnion wealth, 
 ;ind they determined t«) extract it all. 
 Their motto was not "rule or ruin, " but 
 "rule and ruin," or "better rri(/u in hell, 
 than .serve in Heaven." But the majority 
 of votes was against tlieui. Now the. 
 question arose, what is to be done iibout 
 it? It did not take those unprincipled 
 men long to find a way. The election 
 laws of Louisiana were framed by carpel 
 
8 
 
 bao-gers, solely to promote and cover up 
 election frauds. Uutil the point of as- 
 certaining and det'laring the tinal result 
 u, reached, the Governor, fi>r the tinlc 
 beins^, exercises almost arbitrary ])o\ver.-. 
 But Governor Warmotli was about to 
 oivc certificates to the parties regularly 
 elected, and it wouldn't do to trust liis 
 Board. So they urganixied a bogus 
 Bt^ard, with one John Lynch at tlie head 
 of it, known as the "Lyiuli Board,'' and 
 through tlieir instrum^jiitality, doctored 
 the election returns aiul, assisted by 
 thou.^auds of false. alVuhivits, fuiiiislicd 
 by Svpher, Blovec, aiul others, set asi.h' 
 X\u'. will and vote of tlie people, declan:d 
 Ki'llogg elected (Jovernor, and gaye the 
 electoral vote of the State to (ien. Grant. 
 Although the returns showed that 
 31cEncrv was electcid by stnne 8,000 
 votes, vet this "liViich Board" returiu^d 
 the niajoriiv of Kellogg at 18,000. But 
 this wa's not all. The McEuery govern- 
 ment, as it was called, having been le- 
 «-allv elected, and being about to take 
 contV.>l of the State, they found it neces- 
 sary to counteract this move in some way. 
 So "they found a willing tool in Judge 
 Durell of the Federal "Court, in ISew 
 Orleans. This judge, without a shadow 
 ol jurisdiction, at a late hour at night 
 out of coiut, at his private residence, 
 is-.sued an order and stopped the ilcKnery 
 Legislature from convening and organ- 
 izuig, and organized the Kellogu." JiCgis- 
 lature by a viain'niHus and injunction. 
 And he' did tiiis by the aid of federal 
 bayonets; and that Kellogg government 
 is to-dav supported and kept in power by 
 United "state.- troops. The Ki'llogg gov- 
 ernment re.>ts to-day, not upon the a.-cer- 
 tained result of the^:lection, buB upon a 
 canvass confessed to b<-. fraudulent and 
 void, and the .support given to it by the 
 fedi'ral gov(!rnMu;nt. 
 
 And now a few word:; as to the manner 
 in which the. bogus "Lyn.eh Board" ascer- 
 tained the residt of the election. The 
 Warmolli I'xiard having jxi.'isessiiin of 
 the h'gal returns, (lie fiynch Board was 
 compelled to take what.^ver irregular 
 returns it could get. Upon the plea 
 that the votes of a larg<! numlier ot ne- 
 •irof^ bad been rel'used, they called for 
 itlidavits of tiie faet, and they were 
 -ui.pii.d Willi thousands, sigmtl by a 
 miiik, and with ballots attaeli.-l. Th.' 
 nntn wh.. ix'rfornu-d this <lelii;htful and 
 delicate duty of furni.>,hing alliiiavit.'--, was 
 one Gaptain Ja(|U<-.^, from whoso swon 
 te.-timony. giv<ii brf.irethe ('ongrcPS=" 
 
 Investigating Committee, I will rjjad. 
 you a few extracts. In answer to ques- 
 tions by the following gentlemen he gave 
 the following answers: 
 
 Witness issued about 000 duplicate 
 registration papers after the registration 
 closed; on the day of election issued about 
 loO more; went to New Orleans after 
 th(! election and then returned to sign 
 affidavits; signed the names of 300 per- 
 sons to the affidavits. 
 
 By 31r; Carpenter — Did not sign them _ 
 in the presence of the. parties; they att- ' 
 tliori/.etl him to sign. 
 
 iiy (Jovernor "\Varmoth-rSigned 1,:^14 
 affidavits in all; took the. names of all 
 but 300 from the poll list; the Ccmimis- 
 sioner sigiu'd the affidavits in blank. 
 
 By iMr. Carpenter— Signed 1,000 names 
 to 1,000 affidavits; numy of the names 
 were men of .straw; can't tell liow many 
 names of existing persons he signed; 
 presume he signed 150 nan\es of existing 
 parties without authority ; did not know 
 that it was forgery. 
 
 My ilr. Morton — Got the affidavits 
 from General Syphcr; signed them in 
 New Orleans; got the 300 names by go- 
 ing from plantation to plantation; some 
 said that they could iu)t vote because 
 there was such a crowd at the polls,; oth- 
 ers that thei-oUs were from ten tothirty- 
 iive miles oil', and they could not go to 
 them; United States "Marshall Trescott 
 said to the men, aftering the reading of 
 the allidavivt, "You swear;"' on the lOlh 
 of l)cc<Mnber received a lettt-r from Sy- 
 phcr telling him to fetch down all the 
 ailblavits you have got, the General i.- 
 -100 short-^ gave the alhdavits to .Mr. 
 Bovee, who said, "Jai)Ues, you're a hell 
 of a h'llow;" witimss answered that he 
 could get 'more by ten o'clock in the 
 morning; told the "General and Captain 
 Svpher about the way the alUdats were 
 i{n[. and they apju-oved'it; General Syjiher 
 asked how "many nanu'S were-on the book; 
 1 (witiu'ss) answered ■1,(UH); told him to 
 get :5,5ttO affidavits; the day before Sy- 
 pher went to Washington he told witm-ss 
 lo iivi at least b'JOO affidavits and a> 
 many more as he e.ndd; Ayhen Sypher 
 rrlurned. he said he had done well; m 
 :silS and 1870, at tlie polls, names were 
 imlon the registration lists for the p\u-- 
 pose of electing Sypher; the paii.-h was 
 . Democratic,, it wa.s common talk m tlu- 
 j Gu^tom house all'er the recent election 
 I that it did not nmUr any dilference how 
 • the election w(^nt, .'noiigh affidavits could 
 i I... .j-,,t t.. eli.ct tlie ticket. 
 
By Mr. Carpei'itor — Tlie affidavit.'; were 
 printed ten or tifteeii day.s before the 
 '•lection. fExliibitcd ueopyof affidavit* 
 -iu;ned hv Prcj^cott in l)Iitnlc".) 
 
 By 3rr. Truijil. till— Had about 2,000 
 siieh affidavits; tliey were sii^iicd .-it wit- 
 nesse's house iu New (Orleans. 
 
 By .Mr. Morton — Had no official sta- 
 tion at that time; received no compensa- 
 tion for liis woriv; had been in the Cus- 
 tom house, and Syplicr and Casey prom- 
 ised to reinstate him; got -SI 50 t(> pay for 
 the boat lie used fromSypher; it was the 
 s;ime boat. used by the llepulilic'au {'<>i\\- 
 mittee for party purpn.ses. 
 
 Xot satistied\vith these forged affida- 
 vits the Lynch Board went to work to 
 doctor the returns, .such as they could 
 get, and this Is a. sample of h.">w thev 
 did it: ".'• • •■ 
 
 In the parish of Eo.ssier the returns 
 showed that McP]nry had 953 votes and 
 Kellogg 555. By their ciphering thev 
 gave Kellogg 1.159 votes, and 3icEnrv 
 none. In the parish of Natchitoches the 
 returns .showed that ]\IcEnrv had l;loO, 
 and Kellogg had 550. Tliey ciphered 
 again, and lo! and behold! Kellogg had 
 1.206 votes and McP^nry — none." Was 
 there ever such arithmeticians? Yet 
 this board is not satisfied with even this 
 nice way of electing their men. For, as 
 the testimony iu this ease shows, the 
 Board, not sat'istied with the duplicate re- 
 turns obtained from the United States 
 officials; not satisfied with forged affida- 
 vits; not satisfied with newspaper ac- 
 eounts (which they used); made an esti- 
 mate based on their (the Board's) knowl- 
 
 • •dge of the political complexion of the 
 country, as to what the vote ought to have 
 been, if it had been fair, and counted it ac- 
 
 • ordingly. 
 
 And yet in spite of all these facts be- 
 ing proven; in spite of the fact tiiat the 
 liepuldican Committee of Congress, 
 headed by Governor Morton, as cliair- 
 man, ro\wvtpdu)iani»ir„i.di/ that McKnry 
 rt-ceived 7,000 majoritv,KelIogg,who wa's 
 given control of that State by Durell's 
 midnight order, has l)een sustained n 
 lii> revolutio?inry proceedings by the 
 general govern mem and a Uepubiican 
 Congress. And he is to-day su.-tained 
 and kept in power by Federal bayonets. 
 Tile taxes of this State are about 84.75 
 oil the .•^100 valuation. This is necessary 
 ni order to give the party reigning money 
 lo pay their tools and their own'salaries, 
 -ome of which are enormous — one official 
 receiving over SIOO.OOO per annum, and 
 
 several others from $30,000 to $50,000. 
 The expenses of the Legislature alone for 
 one year including printing, amounted 
 to over $1,000,000. But 1 "must hurry 
 oh to other subjects, although I have n.>t 
 said a tithe scarcely of what could be 
 said on these two matters alone. But I 
 cannot leave this branch without refer- 
 ing briefly to another State in the South, 
 scarcely less oppressed than Louisiana, 
 I refer to 
 
 SOUTH CAKOLIXA. 
 
 I hardly have patience to state the 
 transactions of the black and ' white 
 scoundrels who are robbing the oppi'e.ssed 
 pcoi)le of this State. The condition of 
 this State is without parallel in the his- 
 tory of Amei-ica m any other civilized 
 government. There are men in public 
 positions who cannot read or write, nor 
 even sign their names, and have but lit- 
 tle more conception of their duties than 
 a hog of the botanical properties of the 
 plants and shrubs he roots up. And this 
 is the rule, not the exception. The 
 whole government of this much to be 
 pitied State is the moststupenduous farce 
 in the world. That it is permitted to ex- 
 ist is a sin, a shame and a disgrace. 
 
 The Governor (what a misnomer?) of 
 this State is a man named 3Ioses. To 
 show you how he manages the affairs of 
 one of the sovereign States of the nation, 
 I will give you an instance of his finan- 
 cial ability. He lately had occasion to 
 raise $0,000 to help one of his news- 
 paper organs. As the State treasury was 
 in its usual state of emptiness, he had to 
 have recourse to other sources. He, there- 
 fore, ap])oiiilcd an ignorant n«gro youtli 
 tax collei-tor for Orangeburg county. 
 After his colK'ctor had gathered up tlie 
 $(3,000 Closes gav(! one Hambright an 
 order for it. .The ignorant negro think- 
 ing that the Governor, like Kings, could 
 do no wrong, cashed tlie order and re- 
 turned it to the State Treasurer as a 
 yoiudicr. The Treasurer would not take 
 it, and the boy was turned out of office, 
 his misssion being accomplished. His 
 bond being worthless, the ta^x payers lost 
 llie nioney. This is the transaction for 
 which Moses was indicted in Orangeburg 
 county. The indictment was cpiashed 
 in due time, however, the judge holding 
 that till- (;,iv('rnor could not be arrested 
 for any crinic until after he had been im- 
 peaciied by tlie I^egislaf ure. If the 
 crime had hen murd'er instead of j-ob- 
 liery, thedecisicM would doubtbws have 
 been the smne.. And v.-i Uii^ man Moses, 
 
10 
 
 who has done this, not to mention a hun- 
 dred things that were worse, is a candi- 
 date for re-election, with every prospect 
 of endorsement bj'^ his party. And this is 
 a sample of Kepublioan rule in the 
 .South. This is what the great Kepubli- 
 <'an'party, the advocate of "the civil rights 
 bill, mixed schools and negro supremacy, 
 the party of "great, moral ideas," has 
 done for a Southern State where its 
 power was supreme. Oh, shame! whore 
 is thy blush! 
 
 ^ The Comptroller-General of South 
 Carolina in his official report states the 
 astounding fact that for default in the 
 payment of taxes in that State aloup, 
 268,628 acres of land were forfeited to 
 the State, In the countv of Branfort 
 alone, out of 2,300 farms '700 were for- 
 feited to the State during the last year for 
 taxes which the owners could not pay. 
 The history of the world shows no such 
 monstrous rate of taxation and increase 
 of public debt all the time, as that of this 
 State. It would ruin or destrov any peo- 
 ple on earth. 
 
 To give you an instance of the amount 
 of legal wisdom these .judges bring to 
 bear in their decisions, I will relate a 
 couple of instances: 
 
 A darkey had killed a woman. It 
 turned out in the evidence that he killed 
 her in attempting to commit rape. The 
 (hirkey^ had been indicted, as is custo- 
 inury, for murder in tlie tli-st degree. 
 'I"he jutlge, another darkey, however, in- 
 structed the jury to bring 'in a verdict of 
 "not guilty," and assigned as a reason 
 tiiatthe pri.soner killed the woman in at- 
 ti^mpting to commit a rape, hence the 
 motive was not murder, and as it was a 
 >rrnna?i he killed, he could not be found 
 gu i I ty of w/rt7jslaughtcM-. 
 
 AnotlK-r: A white man bitught a 
 piece of land. , The d,.ed #cited the 
 usual clause, "do hereby grant to A. IJ., 
 Iiis heirs, assigns, &c." The white jnan 
 died and his beirs sold the property to a 
 tliird party. In the jneantimo a "negro 
 s<iuatteii on the land. Suit was brought 
 in lijeclnK-nt to obtain possession of the 
 land. Till- Socrates of wisdom, a negro 
 judge, de(-.i<lcd as the man to whom it 
 was originally d(;ed..(| ^u(\ his heirs and 
 their assigns had all liad tlicland in turn, 
 the jirovisionH of Ihe bill were fullilk'd, 
 the title liad run out, and tlie jiegrn 
 squatter was entitled to i)<)ssession "^and 
 M) deoced. 
 
 The f ri'HHury of thi« atatr' is wurse than 
 lmnLruj)t. The jiecple jur finan.ially 
 
 rumcd, and heartbroken, and tuiless tliev 
 obtain relief, all who can, nnist abandon 
 their homes. And yet this man Moso 
 and his government is called Kepuhlican 
 and is upheld by the general u'overn- 
 ment. 
 
 As an instance of tlip manner in which 
 Gov. Moses retains his posftion.and keeps 
 himself in office, 1 (|Uote from a Charl.-- 
 ton paper: 
 
 The Charleston Xnrs amJ Cuarirr \i)\- 
 collected a list of all the convicts par- 
 doned, and it amounts during a p"riod of 
 only 19 months to the astonishing num- 
 ber of 421. Besides these there Avere 25 
 or 30 others who were pvirdoned in a 
 batch, and no record was made of the 
 performance. Of the 421, 21 had been 
 convicted and sentenced for murder. 25 
 for manslaughter, 16 for rape, 5 for in- 
 fanticide, 33' for burglary, 24 for arson, 
 12 for malfeasance in office, and the rest 
 for less henious crimes. Everj^ countv 
 official who has been senteneed for mal- 
 feasance in office has been pardoned. 
 
 Now, let us glance at the way the Ke- 
 publicans manage elections in 'otic other 
 Southern State,' I refer to 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 In 1872 an United States Senator was 
 to be elected from this State. The Leg- 
 islature was elected that fall, and it wm 
 found that the IJemocracy would have 
 two mojority on joint ballot. Now see 
 how nicely our Republican friends, hav- 
 ing control of the Courts, worked this 
 matter. On their way to attend the ses- 
 sion of the Legislature, three DeuK-wratic 
 members were arrested on the plea of 
 making fraudulent returns. They otler- 
 ed any amount of bail, but it was refused. 
 
 This gave the Republicans a majority 
 of one in the Legislature, and they met 
 and organized and declared the seats of 
 these tliree mend)ers vacani. Tlien, while 
 these parties were lieing kept in con- 
 linement by a radical judge, they elected 
 a Kepuhlican — JVlr. S])eneer-^to thi* 
 United States Senate, and a Radical Con- 
 gress recognized this proceeding niiil lie 
 retains his seat to-day. 
 
 And so I might m(>ntion in detail 
 every Southern State, with which the 
 Radicals have anything to do. If I h»d 
 a week at my command I coulil not men- 
 tion in detail the immy instances of 
 fraud, criminal nnmagument an<I direct 
 robbery with M'hich Republican oflicials 
 have been charged, and, in numerouH in- 
 stances, although proven guilty, retained 
 in (jHico, bi> I'll hav* to udveit briuflv 
 
11 
 
 tZ 'i^rZ^S^ZT Fn'"'^ ^•^-^«- 1 Credit MobiUer stock to the members of 
 Ana first and foiemo.st of these comes Congress and prominent officials. The 
 
 newspapers commenced to hint of bribery 
 Iniud, Ac; then became more open in' 
 tlieii- cliarges and named such men as 
 Collax, Henry Wilson, Blaijie, Dawos 
 Logan Harlaii, Hinghan., Kelley, Hco'- 
 held, 1 alterson, .tc, all bright andshinin.- 
 ights on the walls of Kepubljcanism a'^ 
 being implicated by rectiving bribes in 
 the shape „f stock for Ames. Theucamc 
 an investigating committee and conse- 
 quent exposure, one of the most dis- 
 graceful ever known in the history ,,l- 
 dishonest legislation. 
 
 And although when this exposure oc- 
 curred these parties luistened to disgor^'e 
 and explain, yet the foot that they iv- 
 ceived the stock remains, and there is no 
 manner of question or doubt that if no 
 law suit had been commenced, if no quar- 
 rel had taken place between the mem- 
 
 every dollar of the 
 
 'aced by Cakes 
 cd in the pock- 
 
 to whom it was 
 
 assigned. Nothing these parties can 
 ever say or do will cover up the fact that 
 
 the 
 
 fRtDIT MOUILIKK. 
 
 This whole business from tir.st to hist 
 has been foul with cori'uptioii. The 
 <'redit Mobilier, in brief, was a combina- 
 li«'n entered into by Thos. Durant,-Oakes 
 Ames and others, under a charter frum 
 the United States, by means of which 
 ihey were enabled to rob the treasury of 
 millions of dollars, in the buihling of the 
 Union Pa<-ific railroad. 'Twas a wh.'cl 
 within a wheel. This is not the way they 
 define their combination, but it amounts 
 to tliis after all. The workings of this 
 company may be better uiiderstood, per- 
 haps, by supposing that live of you gen- 
 tlemen enter into partnership, and'^the 
 F)artnership business needs a manufactory 
 of some kind. Three of you— a majority , 
 
 —enter into an outside partnership to ['" ^ ,, _, - _.. 
 
 build the manufactory in order to reap- /^'V? -.H m""^'" ^""^^'^ 
 I lie profits of the transaction, and then Pr' Mobiher stock pi 
 
 by virtue of your being in the majority "^» ^^^^^i'^^ ^lave remain, 
 ni the original partnershin let th,. ^..>„ r'^'^ot the Congressmen tc 
 
 ni the original partnership, let the con- 
 tract in the name of that partnership to 
 
 the outside partnership. This was the I., ■' "' "" ..... ^.-vcl up uu; laci mat 
 
 nature of the Credit Mobilier rinij -V . -^ "^'^^^'^ tempted by the offer of Oakes 
 number of gentlemen became stockhold- i"^"* ^*'"^ the prospect of large pecuniary 
 i-rs of the Union Pacific railroad and ''"^^'^S"^'' *^ ^^*™y t'leir trust as repre 
 obkuned^from Congress large grants of '^^'"^'^^'^'''^ ^^ ^^^^^ P«"Pl«- 
 lands, United States bonds, and bonds I sanborx-javvk 
 
 puaranteed by the United States to aid Before leavino- this br-uich of n.v ,-. 
 
 approved by President Grant on May 8th 
 18/2, there was smuggled in a section' ' 
 which authorized the Secretary of the 
 Treasury to employ not more than three 
 persons to afishi the proper officers of 
 the government in discovering and col- 
 lecting any money belonging to the 
 United States, whenever the same shall 
 
 huilding of the road under the name of 
 "The Credit Mobilier of America.^' 
 Then these same men as stockholders of 
 the Union Pacific railroad, contracted to 
 build the road and at a price enormously 
 above the just cost of the work. Don't 
 you see what a nice little arrangement 
 It was. Thus these men, with scarcely 
 
 ■si.z:::£.S;z;:±^L:t{^^^?¥^V^^^ 
 
 bled to construct over a tli(-usand miles 
 of railroad, at the expense (;f the public 
 treasury, and in th(! doingso, make them- 
 selves immensely rich at the same time 
 1 lungs went along swimmingly for a 
 wlnle until these greedy cormorants con- 
 cluded that they were not making enough 
 ""'n(!y in the transaction. So, 'in order 
 to get Congress to pass such a bill 
 would enable them to hav(^ control 
 
 tion, upon siieh terms and conditions a^ 
 he shall deem best for the United State< 
 This was tacked on in the Senate by 
 ■Frederick A. Sawyer, then a. Senator 
 from South Carolina, afterwards As^i^i. 
 ant Secretary of the Treasury, and 
 fathered and pushed tlirough 'in the 
 House by Ben. F. Butler ^This very 
 same act and indeed the same clause oV 
 t the act appropriated S4,8()0,000 for the 
 
 
12 
 
 that thif very -arne Mr.yawyer was after- 
 wards placed ill a position to furtlicr this 
 measure "by being appointed Assistant 
 vSecretary of the Treasury.. Yuu will 
 also see that the power of the Seeretary 
 was unlimited as to the moiety lie might 
 thoose to pay these agents; he could pay 
 them one per cent, or one. hundred per 
 cent, as he might choose. Ami here it 
 might again be noticed, as another singu- 
 lar coincidence, that shortly after the 
 passage of this act. a contract was enter- 
 ed into hetween ^Mr. Houtwoll. the then 
 Secretary of the Treasury, and John I). 
 Sanborn, by 'which agrt'cmt>nl Sanborn 
 was to receive one-half of all money> 
 collected by hinV. The coincidence con- 
 sists in the" fact that Sanborn was a spe- 
 cial protege of Butler, who lathered the 
 measure in the House, having been a spy 
 for him during the war. This alt looks 
 very much as if there was a Credit ]Mo-| 
 bili'er in this affair, in which the primi- 1 
 pal officers of the Treasury Department 
 and some prominent ('..ngressinen were 
 stockholders. 
 
 Thus for doing tliat whicii it was the 
 sworn duty of tlie assessors and collect- 
 ors of the Government to do, and for 
 which they are paid regular salaries, this 
 man Sanborn and his cohorts, .layneand 
 others, received within three years in tlie 
 neighborhood of ?l,.-)00.()(Kt. This is 
 what is known to have been paid them. 
 There is no telling liowimich has been 
 collected by these men ajid pocketed, 
 without any return whatevei' having 
 been made to the Treasury Department. 
 The custom seems to have been for 
 Sanborn to receive the money and trans- 
 mit it to Washington at his convenience. 
 He gave no receipts; he wa;'* not under 
 bonds; and heither the Government or 
 anybody else had the slightest guarantee 
 of 'his tidclity. 
 
 These facts show that the.otleiise ol 
 the Treasury Department has been de- 
 liberate, and" they lead almost irresistibly 
 to the conclusion that Sanborn has had a 
 r.irrupt understanding with some person 
 ..r jwrsons in high oflicial ix.sitioii. The 
 Scretary of the Treasury gave the II. S. 
 <"ollectors and Assessors explicit and re- 
 j)ealed orders to give ihcM'. men the use 
 of their books and all the assistance in 
 their ))ower, and prohibiteil tlu'in frmn 
 inlerlVring in any way in any c-ascs 
 which Sanborn ii Go. sele<!ted for them- 
 selves. And wlniii they neetled bgal 
 Advice, the Solicitor of the Treasury was 
 always ready to construe the law in th.'ir 
 
 favor. And it i- hinted that the ex- 
 posure of the»e frauds is what caused our 
 Republican tVieuds, ^Ir. Richardson, Sec- 
 retary, Air. Sawyer, Assistant Secretary,/ 
 and "Mr. Banfield, Solicitor, to resign 
 their respective positions. 
 
 DISTRKT 01-' COLIMISIA. 
 
 If 1 hud time 1 would like to prcj-eiit 
 
 to you in detail the mismanagemeut and 
 
 corruption existing among the Tle})ubli- 
 
 cau oflicials of tlie city of AVashingtou. 
 
 as shown in the trial before the Conimil- 
 
 tee of Congress last winter to investigate 
 
 the atfairs' of the District of Cohuubia. 
 
 It is sufficient to say that that investii;-a- 
 
 tion brought to light so many rings and 
 
 jobs and so much mismanagement and 
 
 "corruption that Congress abolished the 
 
 whole district govei'nmeiir, and provided. 
 
 I'or the appointment of three ccmmlis- 
 
 sioners to settle up the attair,-. 
 
 I And yet in the face of all the proof 
 
 I against Governor Shepherd. President 
 
 («rant — who never deserts this class of 
 
 iien — appoints Governor Shepherd chief 
 
 of' the comiiiissioh to settle up his own 
 
 mismanaged affairs. Tt is proper to add, 
 
 however,' that the Senate projierly ami 
 
 promptly rejected t'he immination. 
 
 Another instance and I will leave Ihi.- 
 point. Wfiilst the investigation wa> 
 going on, a ilr. Cluss, who was engineer 
 of the Washington Board of Public 
 Works, was summoned before the com- 
 mittee to giv(> testimony. His testimony 
 implicated in frmiduient ' transactions 
 men who are known to be President 
 Grant's intimate friends and associate-. 
 The committee wanted him to produce 
 some papers from his office pertinent to 
 the invi>stigation, and set a time, a day or 
 two later than his examination for him 
 to do so. Shepherd & Co. in the nn-an- 
 tiine met and passed resolutions denounc- 
 in'"- Mr. Cluss as a perjnri'r, ami demand- 
 ing of the President his removal. Well. 
 he""was removed, and when the day came 
 for his fui-thcr investigation, he had to 
 inf(n-m the .■..mmitfee that he wa- uo 
 longer engineer, and so bad n.i acc-^ t* 
 the papers they demandi'd. 
 
 (iK.NKKAI. now AKIi. 
 
 The Secretary of War in a i-it.rto 
 Congressdated Derend)er4, 1X7;!, charge.! 
 (b'li'eral O. < ). Howard, who had chaigc 
 of the Buri'au of Refugees, Freeiimrn 
 and Abandoned Land, with beingcharg.d 
 with the sum of S-J7K.')7;;.tl('., fur which h.- 
 had tileil no voucliers or made no return. 
 TheSi'iii-tarvsavs: "In one item, stated 
 
at upward- of 3121.000 nol itroniiilrd 
 fiT. i( will hf se«n thai acemuits oauiiot 
 lie produced, .ami no attempt to prove 
 wluit lias become of the muiiey." t)f tlie 
 whole amount one. item of .->:!H,888.:Uf 
 was claimed by ooloi-od claimants, who 
 alleg-e that tliey have not been paid their 
 bounty pay, although the records ol" the 
 Trcasiu-y Department show settlement of 
 tlie claims, and vouchers have been tileil 
 by ihe Bureau as cvidciin- of lli.' pay- 
 ment. 
 
 (General Holt, who ])ublisiied an article 
 criLicising the rulings of the court mar- 
 tial selecled to try Gen. Howard's case, 
 >avs that the evidence shows that . SB, 000,- 
 000 have faiUxl to reach the right i'ul 
 claimants. 
 
 Yet, despite all this, l*rcsidi-nt (irant 
 a>signed Gen. Howard to the connnand 
 of the Department of ("oluuibia, liead- 
 ■ juarters at Portland, Oregon. 
 
 I'LBLKJ LA Mis. 
 
 The loUowing is the di.sposil ion of the 
 publi.' domain tints far ajtiiropi-iatcd for 
 all purpos.-^^ by thf (iriicr;il (lovcrnmeut : 
 
 A, -res. 
 Sales tor easli to actual settlers.. .. .S)(,i;!t-J,(H)0 
 Sab's forea.sli to all other persons. 80,2!tt,l)(Kt 
 
 Tll.DIID.IjeO 
 
 71.-),(i.Vi 
 
 i.'),yoo,Tsu 
 
 Total cash sales ltl(i,r)8S,iKi() 
 
 Donations to indlviilnals: 
 lor military service, and not as- 
 
 Sijr,i,.,l .1.(1(11 1,( UK I 
 
 l"or'iii ilitar.v services, and assign - 
 id to oIIkts 
 
 To individuals, hcina liaK-lircni 
 sciip,aud assigned toothers uu- 
 lawtully 
 
 To liomestead settlers 
 
 To States: 
 
 Swamp and (iverflowed lands (itt,()()(),(HH) 
 
 Afiricultural college grants 9,.")l(),(i()0 
 
 Sixtt>enlli aiul thirty-sixth sec- 
 lions for schools f)!l,tMi(i,.S(l2 
 
 To aid internal improvements, 
 l)ut in some eases diverted to 
 
 si-hool purposes.. lo,i)(i!l,(i71 
 
 To railroads: 
 
 In States '..• .")0,(K)(l,(«H) 
 
 Transcontinental aiid branches.. ;!!),(NI(».ij(Jii 
 
 Total donations :i.iO,.S()|,s.V. 
 
 Aggregate sales and donations. -191 ,j.')(i,8-y) 
 
 I'UJiLIC L.\>I)S YET RKMAlXl.\(i. 
 
 The anuiunt of pid)lic lands unsold aiul 
 umippropriated on June :')0, bSilO, e.xchi- 
 >ive of Alaska, was 1,01 8, 20-2, CO! I acrc^, 
 trom which should be dedmcted the grunt 
 to the Texas Pacific road, 21,00(t,000 
 acres. BalaiTce of ])ublic donutin now 
 unappropriated, '.t97, 202,(109 acres. it 
 would not be safe to estinnite the portion 
 of this land tit for cultivation at mor(f 
 than one third of the whole. This wouhl 
 leave of puiilio lands suitable for liomes 
 
 yet unsold and unappicpviaf^d o.')2.869 
 acres, the best portions of which are re- 
 served for Indian:. The. other two-thirds 
 are either grazing or mining lands or 
 desert.-. 
 
 It will be -ecu iVolII the aliove ( hat 
 
 fully one-lhird of the public lauils have 
 biHjii given to private parties or railroads. 
 
 now Til K SOfrnKRX ST.\TKS 11 AV K UKKN 
 
 itonuKi). 
 .\s a sam])le of the eemiomii'al man- 
 ner in which lle|)ublicans inisniauage the 
 atfairs of th*? Sinithern States, in which 
 they have had full and complete c.mtrol. 
 I submit a statement which is authentie. 
 showing the friglitful manner in which 
 the jjublic debt of tlu^ States names, have 
 increased. .Ami it nuist be remembered 
 that the valualion of the property liable 
 for this debt. ha< <leereased largely. The 
 statement is as follows: 
 
 \\.\ HA.M.\. 
 lie). I and liabilities, Julv 1, 
 
 ISdl ?.'..!t.;!t,t>\| ,S7 
 
 Present indebteilness, aelnal 
 
 and contingent, including 
 
 railro.-id liomls....^ ;!8,y81,W7 o7 
 
 IncreaM' umlei- Kadii-al rnle..%o'.',t-12,312 TiM 
 
 A1!K A.NSA.S. 
 
 nel)t and liabilities in !,S()1 S4,0oli,llol 87 
 
 Pr<s(nt debt and liabilities, 
 a<-tnal and contingent, in- 
 cluding railroad and levee 
 bonds.. l,">,7(it,L'tr) (i-J 
 
 Increase under Kadii-al rule..sl,3,7'JJ,')12 7") 
 
 Kt.OWIl).\. 
 
 liebt in isiid ■ s:.'i;i .11(111 ao 
 
 Present ilebi, including i-ail- 
 road liouds, issued and au- 
 thorized I.»,7ifci.ll7 .« 
 
 Increase under Kadical rule..S15,542,117 .>1 
 
 <iKOK(;l A. 
 
 1)1 bt and liabilities in ISfiO, 
 about *;i.(Kie.(i(i(t (Id 
 
 Present debt and liab)liti<'s, 
 including railroad lionds, is- 
 sued and aulhori/.ed, dedin-t- 
 iug $().iKiu.(M»(i deenu-il fraud- 
 ulent M,l:>7,.'>(K( nil 
 
 Increase iiiKh r KaiHcal rul<\.%41,l:?7,.")(HI (HI 
 
 I.OCISI AN A. 
 
 Debts and liabililies, .lannarv 
 
 1, l.sdl ■.*lu,(j:i!i.ti7l :;i 
 
 Del)ts and liabililies, June 1, 
 
 1871 , 41,li»4,47;i !M 
 
 Increase under Kadical ruIe..ytl,0!Jo,otH) .j7 
 f 
 
 The excess of e.vpiMiditures over re- 
 ceipts in this State for the year 1871 
 amounted to .'f?((,.'U/>,7;5;!. 
 
 Noirrii cAiioi.i.NA. 
 
 Deblsand liabilil ics.Iulv I, I8lil ^«(,tiilH,.VH) (Kl 
 I'cesent deblsand liabilities.... .-U.SS",*)? K', 
 
 Dicre.Mse iiiidei Kadical III Ie..5'2-">,I87,!M)7 K"i 
 
14 
 
 •VjUTH cahot-ixa. 
 
 p«hrin 1M,J, jipproxiinaiK ?'l,(l(lO,fMX) (Hi 
 
 JHl)( II) ISTl, iiirlii(lin« bonds 
 lor;iilni:uIs,:iii(l liomlsindis- 
 ■ Piilt'siK IVaiidiilciit :i9,lo«,91.1 IT 
 
 Jiicroasi' undii- Radical rule..Sa5,158,9M 17 
 
 MrSSISMI'l'l. 
 
 Ill IMiii, no d<'lil. 
 J».h(. iii.iiri-..d iiiid.T lUidical 
 rule, .Famiary 1, 187U ?J.7'J(i.!)7l :m) 
 
 TKNNESSEK. 
 
 I>>l)ls and liabi)iti.-s, October. 
 
 ..'f'j' ;-,-.-,-.",v *20,lUo,WliJ Hi) 
 
 J»"bis and lial)iliti(-s, January, 
 
 thf publi.' cPi-Vif^p named in the fi'^cal 
 voars imS and 1873, respecliveJy: 
 
 /irvin-li ,,/ .Sticicc. 
 
 Johnson (frrinl 
 
 Prvxiilcnt I I^residrnl 
 
 iim 
 
 l'<>s:(<in!( 
 
 ..'....jS22,73(),592 
 
 'l"''»'i^ VZ.VZ i;!tSS,';i53 
 
 ^'■'^"■;i. 16,28S,2J4 
 
 < <»;lsl.Siilvcy •l.-i.'-. 7m 
 
 IK71 
 
 lo,688,2(i:; l() 
 
 lMcifii>^c iiDdcr }{adi.-al i iilc..*i;.'-),.>;2,(i-)(i so 
 
 TK.VAS. 
 
 Ill INil. III. dihi. 
 firs.. lit d<'l)t iiMd lialiililics. in- 
 • •uiTi'd iiiid.r Hadi.al nilr. 
 iuvludiii-i railroad lioiids, (•••- 
 Uni tiled >IT.(i(Ki.iMii (10 
 
 i;i;« Ai'ijri.ATioN ci kuuhkkv. 
 
 I Siirwy of i'liblie 
 
 Lands 
 
 ^Surveyor y<Mi"eraT'si 
 O/iices 
 
 .riidiciarv ' '| 
 
 Siil)-Tre;isury ...."" 
 -Miscelliiiieoiis 
 
 io5,700 
 373,252 
 
 1873 
 
 $20,(184,9^1 
 
 7,a)I,7(>} 
 
 lfi,296,-3;{ 
 
 8.52,828 
 
 J,128,(K)0 
 
 •1U,J.>-) 
 
 3.82(1,13] 
 
 ■193,(361 
 
 73,328,110 
 
 Tolal 
 
 \l;il..inia 
 
 Arkansas.... 
 
 rinrida 
 
 '•<'<'i-Kia 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 .Vorl.li ('arolina., 
 !Soulh f'aiolina. 
 
 >Ussissi))|)i 
 
 Tennessee... 
 Texav ■•• 
 
 ■f;i2,l-12,312 .V) 
 
 l'),724,312 7.") 
 
 l'),r>12,147 .->-i 
 
 ii,i;!7,.")(«) 00 
 
 •".i.oo.K.'iim .-,7 
 
 2."),lK7,9(i7 S") 
 ;!.'). I. ■)8,ilM 17 
 I,79(>.il71 .-id 
 2"),.'vS2,0.")(i 80 
 I7,(K)(I,(MI0 00 
 
 'J'he miiiilur of eniplpyees borne upon 
 ll"' ''ivil \U of ilu. United Slates hat 
 :tliiu..t doulded >iiice 1S(;(). 1 .sul.uiit a 
 lahle r.inijiiled tVoiii wliat i.s known as 
 ihr •• nine nuok," or llieOtHcial Kegister 
 "f llie United State.<, whie.h is issued 
 onee every two years. The table is as 
 follows: 
 
 'I'otai 
 
 ,.^210,()t).S.I8l> 78 
 
 |8.-)!l 
 
 181)1 
 
 ISti,-! 
 
 18(r) 
 
 |8(;- 
 
 U,o27 
 •lf),0-19 
 ■17,375 
 .Vi,l(i7 
 
 GKK.\r l.\( i;ka> 
 TKK 
 
 OK '111 K K.\ I'KNSK? 
 IV KItWIKN T. 
 
 .\- a matter of intere>i, mikI Io .-how 
 tile eMraordinary manner in v.liieji tJi, 
 e.vpe.n.st'K of the ^(nernmeiit have in- 
 ■•i-eased, I have iirejmred the following:; 
 iJilile, wiiicli -Jiows ilie ud ordinarv e.\> 
 peiidilures from 1 T'.rj to tin; present time, 
 lalviiif;- every deeadi' as an iiveraL,^,.! 
 'i'heso c.vpeiiditui'es do not imdddi- tlie 
 piiiilic debt or it> iiilei-,.>i. 'l'],,. iiibj.. is 
 'dHeial, ami i- a- foJlov\>: 
 
 18ti9. 
 1871. 
 1873 . 
 
 .... :.I,2(I7 
 ... .")7,()0."i 
 
 ast two \ears cd" 
 
 17JI2 ■ 
 
 IXtH) . 
 
 1810 
 
 1820 ■.■■.'■■ 
 
 I>i-'i0.... •••••^.■. 
 
 18^10 
 
 IKl!>-.-)ll (HnciI v,.',i,.j 
 I8.i)(ti(( " ■ ■' 
 l8«ill-70 " " 
 
 1872-7-; 
 
 ■^i,877.i»(i:{ a'{ 
 7,in,;iiiii 07 
 
 •■).•> 11, 082 28 
 
 l:;.i.t4,.Vfo r,7 
 
 l.l,229,.Vi3 .•!.•( 
 -l.l.'iil.OOO 11 
 
 .'i7.ii;."),;i<H) (i!» 
 
 •10.1110,002 .'>8 
 l(il,(r»8,27.; 81 
 180,|88,(Pt(i 00 
 
 I liiixe also prepared a table L-iviiii;' a 
 -iimmary and eomparative .statement of 
 
 ■■\)l-Mditllles ;„ ,1 veral braiielie. of 
 
 -Vii increase in the 
 twenty odd tlioiisaiHl. 
 
 This list doe.s not inelude the laborers 
 and iveneral employees, but the eivil list 
 proper. 'J\i j-ive you sonu- idea of th<; 
 manner in wliieb this list in almost daily 
 adiled to. I will -ive you oiK^ instance, 
 which will serve as a samjile for a great 
 many ca.ses. There ai* live enii;ineers 
 regularly empluyud to run the stationary 
 cii'-im- that lieats the Senate chamber, a'l 
 salaries ranging from s;l, .-)()() to ^I'.rHK) jier 
 aniuim, when two, at farthest, coidd do 
 all that is Jieeessary. The Hftli one hap- 
 pened to br emjiloyed in this way: He 
 ha<l rendered somc' political .serv"ice to a 
 Kepublican SenatMr, and canu' to \V;ish- 
 iiigton to be I'ewardeii with an otlice. 
 Tpoii looking around, he found there 
 Were four engini.'iM-s to do the work above 
 -tated. This siM'ined <'a.sy work and so 
 he asked liis friend, the "Senator, to se- 
 '•me jiini a position in that corps, and it 
 was ai'cordinglv r|one. 
 
15 
 
 IhePostoffieeJX-iKiiltuiiit fdsl , ■ ,• 
 
 It \\iU be ohscrvcd that in 18()8 lo^Jli>t: 
 than $2:1000,000 w,MH. s„fficMO,it, ^^■hil. f.,r , , . . AV/..„,/.„ „„ 
 
 H.IKXI 
 
 .,x,,„,, „, , . .. •^<>miiii.slr(iliiiiis. 
 
 miuu-pd— an increase of onp-haHr"'A!.'(l I ■["«■" •■^''"V'"' '">'"-l'^«i - ,-, ,„„, 
 
 this in the ^00 of the allegation of" hI' felS;' K^Ji:; ■"" • ^^^^ 
 
 . rostnia.ster Genernl tJi.if +Ko „k„i:* •.. Ar,>.i.-,>u 'i^i^. ■:., 4.!,0(hi 
 
 Monroe, 'l,Sl,S-l,sj.i.. 
 
 J. U. Adams, I.S2r)-V«2S 
 
 Jaclvson, ISi'd-hSHd '.' 
 
 \ran Biuen, J<s:;7-lSj(i 
 
 Haijison and Tyler, IsTl-wT^".*" 
 
 Polk, ]«4o-I.S4,s 
 
 Taylor and FiliinoV-'e.TsiJJlTAiJ'i"" 
 
 Pl.Tce, l,S;-);!~l,S4.S 
 
 Bnehanan, l.S.')7-l,S(;0..!" 
 
 T> . , ,, ^ •>'.■ j;,.ll,n/ii 111 I lie 
 
 Postmaster General, that the abolition of 
 the franking privileo-e would save sev- 
 eral million dollars in the expenses of 
 his department. And yet he asks near- 
 ly five million dollars more for this yp.„. 
 than he expended in J 878, before' the 
 tranking pnvilet;.- was abolished This! 
 IS econoinj- in the wrons;' direction I i^'!""'"' J'Siil-isiu 
 
 It is true tlrat the Eep*ibliean>arty anmu'l^ST''''' " 
 
 elaims great glory for the abolition o'f ' 
 the Iranking privilege," but yet they 
 have a system of "official stampi," which 
 IS used, or rather abused, in the saire way 
 a>* the franking privilege. I have Ee- 
 piiblican authority fVn- tliis. Senator 
 i^ewis, the Republican Senator from Vir- 
 ginia, in a discussion on a proposition to 
 allow the members to send free public 
 documents to their constituents, made 
 tiie following statement, which I quote 
 
 from the Globe: ' 
 
 "Mr. Lewis—Allow me to make a 
 
 suggestion to the Senator from Missi< 
 
 s.ppi. He says the franking privilege 
 
 was abused in the franking of political 
 
 documents. I say that abuse has not 
 
 been abolished yet. I have now in my 
 
 I'oom plenty of documents, not on o-oy- 
 
 ernment business, but electioneerin<r doc- 
 uments franked with the official stamp 
 
 upon them by ofHcers of the .^ovrn 
 
 Hient." 
 
 K.VPENSK OF flR./lXT AT TlIK \vu,TK 
 HOUSE, fOMVARKDWITII oiMKn l>l;Ks,-' 
 DKX'IS. 
 
 TlH' following summary of expeiuii- 
 tnres, which extends over three-Vniarter- 
 ot !i century, shows the enormous out- 
 lay for keeping up the Presi.lentialMan- 
 ^lon, and the rate of "pn.gres.s" for ii,..t 
 t-.me DuringlMnHucllana^rsadministra-' 
 uon the cost was .^i)4,!.oo, while under 
 General Grant it has rea<-hed *;!'>;-! 8:i4 
 The^.tems are classified under the nam..s 
 of furniture, repairs, fuel, attendants, 
 giounds ami greenhouse, fenc(^s, .«table< 
 and contingent expenses, but, if IhorouTl,: 
 ly sifted, they would be found 'o cover 
 more domestic objects. That money can 
 be thus illegally .liveried has been <l,own 
 by the erection of the Pre-id.u.fs ^.tables 
 ^coitmgsome S40.000J out ..f the appro- 
 
 2'>,(MI(I 
 . •■i(»,l)OU 
 
 . :i,iti(( 
 
 , l.s,;{tio 
 . ■•io.o.f.s 
 
 10(),tL'.{ 
 
 l()«,7;t; 
 
 IS4,.30(I 
 
 .■!2:!,H;il 
 
 > into 
 menii( 
 
 the 
 
 II a 
 
 I7.'!,!).!!» 27 
 
 l>EFAr,CATIo\S. 
 
 The number of defaulters can scarcely 
 be computed, and the amounts stolen and 
 due the government runs u 
 hundred millions. I can .mlv 
 few prominent one>. 
 
 Major J. L. ikxl-es, Armv Pav 
 I master • ■ 
 
 J<.sliua>\Bailey;inY,:rV,HiK<-ve" 
 
 line (r>ll,.,.tor, A'.-w York 1 UO ()(X) 00 
 
 >rankSoule, Iiiu-nuU Kev.-nue ''""'"'"' "" 
 
 i)e|)artmeiit , -., -,,, ,„, 
 
 Sheridan Sli,,,,k,CV>lIeci;;r7;nn: ' '^•' '" "" 
 
 ternal Revenue l,on..-,t7 Oil 
 
 T mention th.'s.. four because they have 
 been prominently mentioned in "public 
 ]>nnts. Hodges lost his amount in stock 
 an. ival estate sp<^ullation ; was tried ami 
 senten<-edtoten yesPrs iuipris..nment but 
 was promptly pardoned out by (Jen 
 Grant. Bailey had (4eo. Opdvk.- and' 
 lienry Clews on his bond, and. althouoli 
 th<^y are wealthy and amply abb- 1., ivfun.] 
 the amount of the .lefalcation. v.-l m. 
 suit has been instituted to recoVer it 
 Shook was Collector in the linieof Fre^i-' 
 dent Lin.-oln, and then b.-.-ame a .lefaul- 
 ter to the amount of nearly half a mil- 
 lion of dollars, and although still a .b- 
 faiilt.M'. be w;i> reappointed to that im- 
 l>ortant pu-itin,, by Pr.'sident (Jrant an. I 
 again be.ain.' ;, <l,.faiilter f,,r ab,,ul ib,. 
 
 sam." amount. .\ft.>r thi> mm- | <lei:,|.-,. 
 
 tioii he fled the country. 
 
 Last winter 1 intn..liic,'d mto Ih.' 
 Senate a resobif,i,„i for the pur|M.M. nf -i-- 
 ocrtaining ,)„. number ..f ,lelin,,uent 
 K-deral ..Hi... b,,ld.-r.. ..,nd the am.,nnt 
 01 thi^ir de!in<|U.'n<-ies. „iid the probaMli. 
 ties of recovering any part nf it. 'l'),,. 
 i'e.s..lution was referre.l to tin- Committ.-.- 
 on Fmanc". an.! aft.'r k.-eping it for some 
 tune they ivported it back, with the re- 
 '•"mmendHtion that it d.. n,.t Jpa.s, and 
 
Ifi 
 
 .~t;ilinn- fiT a rm-oii t hrTrlMi-. tli;it it 
 \vijul(i tiikcsix luoiiUiH lime and eo.-t sT").- 
 000 to obtain tiic (Icsirod informatidn. So 
 you can form sonic idea tVom tli'.s report 
 of the immense nnmiier of defaulters 
 tliere nnr-t l)e. and tlie vast amount of 
 money they nuist luive taken. 
 
 1 have aiiven tigui'cs both a> to the ex- 
 pense f)f tlie fTovornment. and these de- 
 faulters, witli but little connnent, for the 
 reason, that the facts and tii^ures s])eak 
 so plainly for themselves. b\it little com- 
 ment is neeih'd. 
 
 I-I N A N<KS. 
 
 The fiiuincial policy of Gen. (4rantantl 
 the Republican ])arty is driving nearly all 
 the specie out of the country. As a mat- 
 ter of public interest, I append a state- 
 ment of the exports of specie from the 
 port of New York to foreign ports since 
 Jaiuiary 1, for the period of '2'A years: 
 
 1,S74 :5;'.2,8in,lS.!;lSllL' ;!7,(H)l,:i72 
 
 18 
 
 1«72 
 
 1871 
 
 1870 
 
 1869 
 
 18ti«..... 
 
 I.S«7 , 
 
 KSHfi 
 
 1S(M , 
 
 i8t;4 
 
 ma 
 
 ;-iti,n(i-j,(i!>!)ii8(il 
 
 .">:;,l(>l,7l(i|l8(W 
 
 l!i,8S;;,7(i7 
 
 •_'7,(i;)7,l!»:i 
 
 L'(i,2:tl,77o 
 
 .>;,7.',o,(it;u 
 
 ;;ti,7."),s,:ift.-; 
 
 .')l,L'!M,r)!l7 
 
 I8,»)()',),7.)J 
 
 y(),(;i8,<M.") 
 
 •J.".,821,2»r) 
 
 !,2r)8,!l7( 
 2!»,718,.>);i 
 
 i,s.")!i w,;jn(i,isi(i 
 
 1,S,58 ir),71.-),7i!t 
 
 18.")7 28,21(),t)10 
 
 18.-)t) 20,.'):!.^,;");) I 
 
 18.>> 1!),2()8,728 
 
 l,^J4 2(),2(K),0ll 
 
 18.");j 12,.')81,821 
 
 IS.VJ i.")..'i!i(i,:.iis 
 
 President Grant under dale of .Tune 4. 
 1874, in his letter to Senator J. me-, -ays: 
 
 •■Flr.it: I would like to >ee the legal 
 tender clause, socal led, repealed; tin' re- 
 peal to take et!ect at a future timi', say 
 .liilv If^t, IHTo; this would ctin-e all con- 
 iract>^ made after that date, for \\a:;ev, 
 -ales etc.. to lie e.-limated ill coin. it 
 ivould coi-rect our notion- of value-. The 
 -itecie dollar would lie the only dollar 
 known a- the mi-a-ure oi' eqiii valenl-. 
 When debts afterward cfpntracltHJ were 
 p. lid in currency, instead of calling the 
 paper dollar a dollar and ([noting gold :it 
 -o unich i)reuuun», we should think and 
 -peak of |inp<'r al so nuich discount; this 
 aloiii- would aid greatly in bringing the 
 1 Wo curi'encie- nearer together at par. 
 
 ■••SVci.,,./; 1 would like to -ec a pro- 
 vi>ionthat atatlxedday. -av .hdy I. IK7<i, 
 the c(\rreni'y i>-ued liytle I'lMted Stales 
 -honld !)<• I'ede.iiieil in .oin on prescnta- 
 lioii to any a--i,-lanlant' treasurer, and 
 iliut all the currency so retb-enuMl should 
 be eancelled and never reissued. To ef- 
 fect tliis it would 111' necessary to author- 
 ize the i»-ue of bond- payable in ^jold. 
 
 hearing -ucli intei-e-t a- would conuuaiul 
 par in gold, to be put out by the Treasury 
 only in such sums as should from linn- to 
 time be needed for the purpo>e of re- 
 demption. 
 
 ■Such legi.-lalion wouldinsure a return 
 to -ouml financial principles in two years 
 and would in my judgeinent work less 
 hardship to the debtor interest, than i- 
 likely to come from putting off the day 
 ot linal reckoning. Prrvvided that from 
 ami after the date lix'ed for redemtion. 
 no bills, whether of national banks or of 
 the ['iiited States, returimd to the treas- 
 ury to be, exchanged for 7iew bills, should 
 be replaced by bills of less denomination 
 than .slO, and that in one year after re- 
 sumption all bills of le.ss than $5 should be 
 withdrawn from circulation; and in two 
 years allbillsof less than slO should be 
 withdrawn." 
 
 It will be seon that the President 
 thoughl that by July next the Jjcgal 
 Tender would be repealed, cV:c, This 
 would nnike all debts then owing, wheth- 
 er due, or not, payable in gold, and all 
 business thereafter done in coin also. 
 The President would follow this up by 
 calling in bank notes uiuler the denomi- 
 nation of tive dollars, and in less than 
 two years by callling in, aiul ])rohibiting 
 the use of bank notesdf a less denomina- 
 tion than ten dollars. The repeal of the 
 Leu;al Tender Act, and the withdrawl of 
 all liank notes untler ten dollars would 
 bring distress ^and I'uiu uptin thecomilry 
 and people geiu'rally. While thi- policy 
 would greatly iiu^rea-e lU.- wealth of the 
 bond and t'oin holder, it would decrea.-e 
 the value of articles of trade or use, so 
 that the dolhu- in gold or bond would 
 buy perhaps twice as nuich as now. 
 Those owing debts would consequently, 
 have a hard time to pay tliem. On the 
 other haiui, as opposed t<)(ieneral Granl- 
 policv, we lind leading Republican-; in 
 the West and South, >ucli as Senatoi-- 
 .Morton, Logan, Kerry, ^of Michigan, i 
 iVc., saying 'Muon' ]iaper money and no 
 time luinu'd to redeem." So you see. the 
 ivepnbricans, as a jiarty, have no jixcd 
 policy on limmees. The great majoiiiy 
 of tiie Democrats.myselfaniongthe ninu- 
 ber, say, pay le.ss interest to the bond 
 holders, and' make banking free lo .all. 
 Let the business jind incereasp of the 
 country bring the gieenbacks ami <;old 
 .gradually togethei', ami -pecie paxmeui 
 w ill -oon nece-sarih follow. 
 
17 
 
 THE ^DISCRIMI.VATinXS MADK BV THE 
 
 i GEOERAL GOVERVMENT AGA1NS>T THE 
 
 SOUTHERN BORDER AND WESTERN 
 
 STATES, AND IN FAVOR OF THE JllDDLE 
 
 AND NEAV ENGLAND STATES. 
 
 The revenue colleoted by tlie ITnited 
 States for the tisr^cal vearentliiii;' Juiiu '■iO, 
 1873, was: 
 
 From imports or custom du- 
 ties ...$ISS,0.S!t,r)21 70 
 
 From internal revenue .■ 1I8,72!>,314 il 
 
 From circulation of national 
 banks (i,880,037 67 
 
 From miscellaneous sources... 2o,2S9,;>30 W! 
 
 Total receiptslfortheyear end- 
 ing June 30,1873 5;>3;V*<,20J 67 
 
 It will 1)0 seen from the above that more 
 tlian one-third of the entire revenue of the 
 government is eolleete directly from the 
 people. This is so arranged by a Republi- 
 can Congress and administration that but 
 little is collected from the Eastern or 
 New England States, but the most of it 
 is collected from the Southern, Eortler and 
 Western States. 1 will give yoii a few 
 examples to show the unjust nuinner in 
 which-the internal revenue is collected 
 fr«m the Border and "Western States, 
 while the Northern and New England 
 States are favored, not only in the levy- 
 ing of the internal revenue, but in the 
 protection of her manufactories at the 
 expense of the Southern and Western 
 States. 
 
 DurinR the last fiscal vear end- 
 ing June m, 1873, VV^ est Virgin- 
 ia paid in internal revenue to 
 the Unil.'d Statrs S Ji;),*! V.) 
 
 Maine and Vermont, both Re- 
 publican and New England 
 States, paid but 2!K),oo6 13 
 
 Excess over bf)th States S 15!>,lo.") 11 
 
 West \'irginia has )>aid into tlu- 
 
 ITiiiictl States trcasuiv since 
 
 186.3 .■56,097,021 .50 
 
 Another example is as follows: 
 
 Virginia paid in internul reve- 
 nue last year §7,113,71)9 2!) 
 
 All the six Slates of New 
 England paid .5,.')7.5,.5.>4 13 
 
 Excess over t hi! wliole of New 
 England *l,868,2i.5 16 
 
 Ohio and Illinois paid nearly as much 
 internal revenue as the whole of New- 
 England, and the two great states of New 
 York and Pennsylvania cond)i]u'tl. 
 
 This shows conclusively that large (hi- 
 ties arc laid upon iinjiorts to favor the 
 North aiul especially New England and 
 her manufactories, but when inlcriiaV 
 revenue is to be raisetl, it i? so hivied as to 
 come largely from the South and West, 
 
 3 
 
 and but a small amount from the North. 
 We are taxed to favor New England 
 manufactories by way of duties on im- 
 ports, maiving every manufactured article 
 we use cost us an average of .".3 per cent 
 more than they would but for the tariff 
 on imports. This is unjust to the South 
 anil XVest, and ought to be renu'dicd. 
 
 GENP:RAL GRANT. 
 
 It would hardly be becoming in me to 
 close this part of my remarks without 
 making some mention of President Grant. 
 I will not be so discourteous, even if the 
 National llcpublican Committet; in their 
 lali- address, did slight him. One of the 
 great objections to President Grant and 
 his administration is their dangerous ten- 
 dency towards Ceniraliznfioii. 
 
 The whole drift of things, in every 
 department of the Government, under 
 the present administration, is towards 
 centralizati<tn. To do whatsoever a Pres- 
 ident or a Congress will, is becoming 
 practically, tiie .supreme law of the land. 
 It is fatal to local self-government, and 
 the supremacy of the people. It is cal- 
 culated, and unless changed its end will 
 be to subvert all the powers and forces of 
 tlie Government to the control of one 
 man. Is this to be the end of our repifb- 
 liean form of government? Was it for 
 this the Revolution was brouglit about by 
 our forefathers? 
 
 As a proof of the tendency of the 
 pn^sent administration towards' centr:il- 
 ization I have but to call yotu- attention 
 to its interference in the State elections 
 in the Southern States, and ihen note the 
 steps taken by the party in power in 
 Congress in this matter." In 1871 they 
 passed an act the title of which was "Aii 
 at't to enforce tiie righC of citizens of the 
 United States to vote in the several 
 States of this Union, and for other pur- 
 poses." The avowed purpose of that act 
 was to control the election of members (>f 
 Congres.'?. The operations of this law 
 were confined, however, to the cities of 
 the United States having more than 
 20,000 inhabitants. This was put out as 
 a feeler, and seeing that the jieoplc sub- 
 mitted to this indignity, they tried, 
 in 1872, to go further, by in- 
 troducing a bill by which' the 
 Eederal Goverinnent would have the 
 power to appoint supervisors of election 
 for every voting precinct throughout the 
 United States, and this bill pas.sed oih^ 
 House, and if it had become a law it 
 would liave placed the wliole machinery 
 _ f the elections throughout the United 
 
18 
 
 Statoi under the control of the Federal | 
 Government. Thi.-^, with the power of 
 f-uspendiiig tlie writ of /laheas ajriiiiH'— 
 the oiilv sufegiuird of the liberties of the 
 p(,(,ple^at the will of the Pre^idc-nt— 
 which right the Ilepuhliean Congref;- 
 a;ives him whenever it is neeessary to fur- 
 ther its purpu-e.s — would nuike him more 
 powerful tlian the Czar of Uus^^ia. Look 
 to it that ye elect such men to pUiees of 
 power as will jealously and /.ealously 
 guard these safeguards of the people. 
 This tendency to centralization is the 
 most ominous sign of danger in the po- 
 litical horizon. It is easy enough if 
 you are deprived of your money, to re- 
 trieve vour fortunes; but if your liberties 
 ai-e tak<'n, if your re]uiblic is destroyed 
 and a monarchy more dangerous and 
 powerl'ul than any of the monarchies of j 
 Europe erected on its ruins, you are lost, | 
 hopelessly, irretrievably lost. | 
 
 The purpose of many of these laws 
 passed by Congress to take away from 
 the states the regulating of their own 
 elections has been, as they claim, in order 
 to secure a full and free vote, and to 
 prevent riots and disturbanws. The 
 t r\ie purpose, however, is to silence and 
 overawe tlie people, and by forms of law, 
 and under pretext of keeping tlie peace, 
 to control the elections in favor of the 
 Republican party, and put it out of the 
 power of the people to assert their riglits. 
 We nmst check this tendency— the peo- 
 ple must arouse and mi'ct impending dan 
 
 .r^.,-s or historv will repeat itself in the 
 
 radfallof.ours," as fell tile llepubiics of 
 Greece, Kome. and others. 
 
 Another thing showing tiie tendency 
 to centralization is tlie etl'ort ot^ the dom- 
 inant partv to pstablisb a system of I'os- 
 lal lianks,'and Postal Telegraiiii. This 
 may be verv well for inuiiarchiai govern- 
 ments, but'it is a dangerous and fatal 
 step in a republic. Another thing is the 
 measureof national schools proposed bv 
 ■Mr. Hoar. Another is tiie passage ot 
 Carpenter's bill to allow all suits for libel 
 1., be brought to the Districtof Columbia, 
 For this bill is but a law to gag the press, 
 and to prevent tlieir correspondents, il 
 possible, bv hara-^siiig suit< and otherwise, 
 from puhlishing anything detrimental to 
 the r.epul<li< an party or its leaders. It 
 i-a bill to jiut the press of the country 
 umler the control and supervision ot 
 Congress, disguise it as you may. An- 
 other and moFt grave tendency towards 
 Ca'sari.sm, is tin; supjiort Craiitis n-eeiv- 
 ingfor tlie 
 
 THlfiD TERM. 
 Although he has never baid he would 
 l.e a candidate f<'r re-election, he has 
 never ci>nimitted himself in any form, 
 not to be a candidate. Ho has had 
 pleiitv of opportunities in bis inaugural, 
 liis messages and his public addresses, to 
 de(-lare his position on this subject, but 
 has never said a word, one way or the 
 other. The fair inference therefore is, 
 that he jia-s an eye to the third term. He 
 .lot onlv shows this by his silence on the • 
 h-ubject,"'but in nearly" all of Ids acts and 
 appointments to office, you will see his 
 utter disregard for anything but sell: 
 AVitness tiie appointment of Simmons 
 last winter to the important office of 
 Collector of the Tort of Boston, in oppo- 
 sition to the wishes of nearly every re- 
 spectable and intlueiitial man of tliat 
 city, as well as the whole He- 
 publican delegation from that State, 
 with tiie exception of J?en Butler. 
 Witness his retaining in office, broth- 
 er-in-law Casey, Durrell, Murpliy, &c. 
 
 Another great ol»jeetion to i the Presi- 
 dent is trhat his decisions aiid actsare to 
 suit partisan ])Ui-poses Look at his de- 
 cisions in the case of the State of Louis- 
 iana, and then in the case of Arkansas, 
 In Louisiamv he upheld Kellogg, wlio 
 wasj}>laceu in ottice by Judge Durrell 
 and displaced 3lcEnery. who had been 
 elected by the people. In Arkansas he 
 reversed his Louisiana decision by up- 
 holding Baxter, when the courts had de- 
 cided in favor of Brooks. 
 
 Now, wiiile it seeniti liardly appro). ri- 
 ate to a political speccli, I cannot forbear 
 drawing a distinction b<aween the ad- 
 ministration of {.icneral Grant and .some 
 of his predecessors, in reference lo money 
 niade while in the J'residenthll chair. 
 1 The onlv man who has ever maUe money 
 outofthf> Presidential ch'air is General _ 
 Grant. Thomas Jetferson was obliged to 
 sell Ills library to Congress, and to estab- 
 lish a lottery for the disposal of other por- 
 tions of his' proi..'rly in ord.'r to raise 
 nionev after he left the White House. 
 Mr. :Sradi-on was a banicriipt and had to 
 dispose of his i-roperty anil reside witli 
 his son-in-law in -New York, where he 
 died. President Andrew Jackson, that 
 embodiment of sterling, honest dem.'cracy 
 suffered so much bv His eight years resi- 
 dence in Washington, that he had I., 
 borrow moilev from his friends when lie 
 n.tircd to tiie"llcrmitage in 1H87. Tlies.- 
 men eacii h.dd the olhce tor eight years.but 
 then it \\m- not the custom for every 
 
11) 
 
 prmnincnt otlicc-lioliK'r to pro^ont the 
 President witli !i eertaiu poition of his 
 iiu'omoin the shape of silver ware, hinds, 
 cVe., neither was it ilie custom for Presi- 
 dents to reeeivc t^ifts from parties who 
 owed thcirortii-ial jiositions to them. You 
 see it hatl a Uiok stron<>-ly like brihery, 
 and Presidents in those days scorned any- 
 thin:;- that even lookeil ir. timt direction. 
 But 1 tind the theme of national poli- 
 tics so.prolitic, that unless 1 drop it sum- 
 marily and at once, Til have no time to 
 talk tin State matters. . .>. 
 
 WKST VIRGIXI.V — TH>: NICAV COXSTITU- 
 TION'. ' 
 
 Those opposed to the Democratic party 
 in tliis State are always prating al)out 
 the new constitution and its defects, and 
 jjraisinji; up the old constitution and its 
 beauties. They never mention what 
 those beauties are, but I suppose thej- 
 refer to the beauties of registration, test 
 oaths of all descriptions, of perjury and 
 fraud. They say the new Constitution 
 accomplishes nothing. What did the 
 old one accomplish? Its principal ac- 
 complishment was to keep the Kepuhli- 
 ran party in p5wer by disfranchising 
 nearly everybody politically opposed to 
 tin^m. You will lihd if you sift this op- 
 position to the Conststution, that tliese 
 ccnnplaints haA'e thei?- origin as a ride 
 from some of the ''outs;'' from some sore- 
 liead who lost a lucrative ottice by the 
 adnption of the nt-w Constitution. By 
 turning to this nuich-abused instrument 
 you will lind a number of improvements 
 on the old one. As you are all doubtless 
 conversant wi^h tin^ Constitution, I will 
 not taktuip your time by reading it, but 
 refer ynutosomo of itSpromineni points: 
 
 KEOIf4TKATIO:jf LAW. 
 
 In the old Constitution there was a 
 provision providing for the registration, 
 nf votei"s, and authorizing thelegislatiu'e, 
 ill its discretion to pass all sorts of test 
 oaths, such as the voter's, suitor's, teach- 
 er's and lawyer's test oaths. The legis- 
 lature availed itself of the permission 
 atf<H'ded by this provision an<l passed the 
 most stringent laws of this kind. The 
 infamous acts of the registrars and l)oard- 
 i)f registration appointed undi-r this a<-t 
 by the' liepublii-an ttovernoiv «if our 
 State are a matter of history, hnd I will 
 imt harass yon by going intoH recital <>[' 
 tiieir sli;imi'ful pro<'eedings. Tbi'ir acls, 
 however, are iiiilelibly inipresried upon 
 the minds of tiie people, and llie remem- 
 berance of them too vividly and deeply 
 
 engraved ever to be eradieateil. Tlie 
 new Constitution forbids the passage of 
 any such hiM's, or even any laws looking 
 in that direction. 
 
 I refer you to the following provisions 
 of the Constitution: 
 
 Sec. 12, Art. l^'. '-No citizen shall 
 ever be denied or refused tlu^ right or 
 privilege of voting at an tdection be- 
 cause his name is not or has not been 
 registered or listed as a qualitied voter." 
 
 Skc. 43; Art. VI. "The Legislature 
 shall never authorize or establish any 
 board or court of registratioji of voters.' 
 
 If there were no other improvement on 
 the old, this, alone ought to save the new 
 from condemnation, ibr nomatti'r, if in 
 the upsand downs of politics, the Repub- 
 licans do get the upper band of us, and 
 again secure political control of the State 
 they can never grind us under ihi'.'w 
 despotic heels again; they can never dis- 
 franchise us, and ostracise us, by taking 
 awa}' our right of franchise, or our right 
 to earn our living, by following our pi^o- 
 fessions or our right to come into court 
 and collect our just debts and defend our 
 rights. Xo, never, never. 
 
 The new Constitution provides for 
 biennial sessions of the legislature of 
 forty-live days, which will be a great 
 saving to the State. It saves the cost of 
 one session of the legislature every two 
 years, which alone amounts to some 
 S2J.0QP; it save* largely in the cost of 
 printing, and saves the cost of .one elec- 
 tion every two yeaj's. 
 
 It provides for a more efficient and 
 satisfactory organization of the whole 
 State system, and yet reducrs thii num- 
 ber of otticers, and consequently reduces 
 the exi^enses largely. 
 
 It gives a poor man a chance to ri.-e 
 in the world by allowing him tt>set apart 
 a homestead ot' the value of $1,000, and 
 personal property of the value of $2U(), 
 wliich shall be free from his debts. 
 
 It increases the revenues of the State 
 by providing that negroes shall pay a 
 poll-tax. The old Constitution released 
 them from this by having no provision 
 in it compelling its paynnmt. 
 
 It increases the revenues of the State, 
 and prevents fraud on tho part of our 
 sheritis and other collectors, by si provi- 
 sion debarring the h>gislatur(! from the 
 passage of any act relieving sheritis oi' 
 other collectors, or their sun^ties, from 
 the. payment o|' money.s dui' tli.' State. 
 Cnder till' old Coiistitmioii many thou- 
 sand dollars were lojt to the dtnto by tho 
 
20 
 
 passage of acts relpasing shoritfs and col- 
 lectors and their bondsmen from the pay- 
 ment of monies whicii had been oollected, 
 and for which said sheriifs, &c., were de- 
 linquent, or had become liable. 
 
 It provides that no local or special 
 laws shall be passed in certain cases. 
 (See Art. VI, Sec. 39.) Under the old- 
 Constitution many special laAVs were pass- 
 eiltobenelit special parties, and in oiu; 
 instance the title of a piece of land was 
 given to a favorite, to the detriment of 
 other claimants, by a special act of the 
 legislature. 
 
 Tljere is anotlier tiling in favor of the 
 new C'onstitution which should bespeak 
 for it, at least, a trial. Tlie ohl Consti- 
 tution was ratified in atimeofwar, when 
 hundreds, nay tliousands, had no oppor- 
 tunity to express tlnur opinions thereon. 
 The new C'onstitution was ratified in a 
 time of peace, when everyhody tliat 
 chose to do so could exercise his preroga- 
 tive to vote, and they did so, white and 
 black. Federals and Confederates, Kadi- 
 cals, I^eniocrats, Neutrals, or by what- 
 ever political term the voters were 
 known, all had a right to express their 
 seiitiinents and they did so, and the Con- 
 stitution was ratified. Now see llie diJ- 
 ference in the votes. 
 
 In the election on the old Constitution 
 tht>re were cast in all 17,288 votes. 
 
 In the election on tlie new Constitu- 
 tion over 80,000 votes were polle(^. 
 
 So, yim see, over (J0,()00 more voters 
 expressed an opinion on tlie new than 
 the oltl Constitution, and it received a 
 nnijority. Why then this constant \)v:\- 
 ting ahout the defects of tlie new Consti- 
 tution? 
 
 I will now cull youi- attention to sec- 
 tion 7 of article 10, which provides that 
 "county authorities siiall never assess 
 taxes in any one year, the aggregate of 
 whicli shall I'xceodi'G cents per $100 valr 
 nation," <'xee|)t lui- the snjipoi't of free 
 seiiools and the payment of <h'lits in ex- 
 istence at tin- time of thi' adojition of tlie 
 Constitution, "unless such assessment, 
 with all (juestioiis involving the increase 
 of such aggr<;gate, shall have been sul)- 
 ■lilti'd to the vote of the. jjcople of the 
 county and have received thri'isfifths of 
 all the votes <!iiijl for anil against it." 
 lender Ite|iublieAn administration th<> 
 taxfs were fn'(|uently from $2.00 to :{,00 
 on th(^ $100 \ uluation. Comment is un- 
 necessary. 
 
 Another oood p.iiiit inllirni'W ('oii- 
 
 stitution may be found in section 35, ar- 
 ticle 8, which reads as follows: 
 
 "No citizen of this State who aided 
 or participated in the late war between 
 the fovernment of tlie United States and 
 a part of the people thereof, mi eif/if)- sii/c. 
 shall be lialile in any proceetling civil or 
 criminal; nor .shall his property be seized 
 or sold under linal process, issued upon 
 judgments or decrees heretofore rendered 
 or otherwise, because of any act done ac- 
 cording to the usages of civilized war- 
 fare in the prosecution of said war bj' 
 either of the parties thereto." 
 
 Under Ki-j)ublii'an administration the 
 bitter feuds and animosities engendered 
 during the late war were kept constant- 
 ly alive by all manner of suits, civil and 
 criminal, based upon acts committed by ■ 
 the soldiers in both armies. This was 
 all wrong. If we are to live together as 
 brothers in a common union these things 
 should be forgotten, or if not forgotten 
 at least forgiven. So the Constitutional 
 ('oiiv(!ntion very properly inserted thi^ 
 foregoing section in the Constitution, and 
 it was ratified by the pe^iple. 
 
 There are a few other complaints made 
 by the "outs" against some of the laws 
 framed under our new Constitution. 
 They are inainly three, the County C<au-t 
 system, the road law and the school law. 
 
 COUNTY COURTS. 
 
 There has been a great hue aiul cry 
 raised as to ths County Court system 
 and its practical woi kings. Now, not 
 being a lawyer, I have no practical ex- 
 perience to relate in this connection, but 
 L have tliis to say, that' all this fu.ss is 
 nonsc^iise, for the reason that the majof- 
 ity of vt)ters of any county in this State 
 can sliullle olf this system and adojit a 
 new one at their will and pleasure^. Ami 
 I notice as a somewhat ri'inarkable fai-t 
 that although mo.st of this tirade against 
 County Courts comes from Itepublii'an 
 sources, yet in not a single county where 
 the Republicans pretlominate has a move 
 been made to change the system. They 
 have tin; power to rid themselves olj this 
 fraud, as they term it. If it is so un- 
 wieldy; so expensive; .so objectionable 
 in every way, why don't tliey rid them- 
 selves of it as (piickly as possible? The 
 ('onstitution is ex]dicit on this jioint. I 
 refer yon to section 34, article 8: 
 
 "The Li'gishiture shall, upon the apjili- 
 cation of any county, reform, modify oi' 
 alter the County Court established liy 
 this Con^tituliiHi In such county, and in 
 
n 
 
 lipu thorpof" with thy assent of a majin- 
 ity of the voters of said county, voting 
 at any election held for that. pui'poMe, 
 create anothln- court or other tril)unal^, 
 as well for judicial as for police and tiscal 
 purposes, either separate or coml)ined, 
 wliich shall conform to tlie wishes of the 
 county niiii<ini;- tlie application, Ijut with 
 tin- same powers and jurisdiction herein 
 conferred upon the County Court and 
 with compensation to [)(> made fr(_)m the 
 count}' treasury." 
 
 The truth of the nnittcr is that these 
 gentlemen who woiiy themselves so 
 much ahout this matter and keep up 
 such a continual howl ahout the County 
 Court system and its manifold disadvan- 
 tages, do it for partisan, jiolitical purpo- 
 ses and that alone. 
 
 ROAD LAW. 
 
 As to the road law I have only this to 
 say: It may have its imperfections, but 
 1 defy any Legislature to frame a road 
 law tiiat will }deas(' all classes of people. 
 'Tis an impossibility. Yet if it worked 
 all right under llepublican rule, what is 
 the matter with it now? For it is sub- 
 stantially the same now as then, with 
 some slight amendments for the better. 
 And it has this alternative advantage: 
 You can have your clioice by eitlier work- 
 ing the road a certain numbeY of days, 
 or else by raising the rnoiu'y l»y taxation 
 to work them. "Y'ou pay youi- money 
 and take your choice. ' 
 
 yREE SCHOOLS. 
 
 A great deal of capital is attempted to 
 be made out of the cry of "tlu^ JJenuic- 
 racy opposed to the free school system," 
 »tee. T/ie Dtr/Hocrntie jurrty catmot hy (Diy 
 jjosaihle rcasonini) be, chariiedvnlh fiost'ilUii 
 la free .<fc/iw)ls. On, fhc. cunirory, the Re- 
 'fiublicans, by their effort a to force ini.ned 
 .schools on the people.^ .shoir their etini'ity t<i 
 the present free school system., fur thcij 
 iniist know that the pussaye if ilie cirit 
 riyhts bill or Hoar' s school l)'dl will iiu'rit- 
 abiy and 'most certainly kill aiir free 
 schools. The Democracy engral'tiid in 
 our Constitutution the following section: 
 "The Legislature sliall })i'ovide by gen- 
 eral law for a tiiorviugh and eflicient 
 system of frei; sciiools.'' (Sec. 1, Ai't. >^.) 
 Not may, in their tliscretion, provide, Inil 
 shall provide. Does tiiis look like hos- 
 tility to free schools? By reference to 
 the report of Hon. Ciiarles Lewi.«, then 
 ►Superintendent of Frtn) scho(ds, for tlie 
 tirst year of Democratic rule in tiiis 
 iState, we tind that instead of i-etarding 
 the inteir-t- < 1 Jue jchools. the interests 
 
 of free schools were pi-onioted; tiie gen- 
 eral scho()l fund was larg,)iy iniTcased: 
 a larger Tuunlu'r of teachers, male and 
 female, wimc employed than the year 
 preeeding, uncU'r Republican rule. 
 
 I quote from his report of 1872 for the 
 year 1871 Any otln-r years of Dem- 
 ocriitic and Itcpublican i-ule will bring 
 about Ww stime result. 1 take 1870 and 
 1871 because it is the last of Kejaiblican 
 and lirst of Democratic rule. 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 • 53 
 
 
 1^' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 !<■ 
 
 
 > . 
 
 
 
 
 r' ^^C 
 
 *^,' 
 
 
 
 
 
 ri 1 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 /■ ''• "■• 
 
 f- 
 
 '■:?> 
 
 << 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 c 
 
 C^s 
 
 
 
 
 : "2 = 
 : y I^ 
 
 
 **; 
 
 ?5 
 
 
 
 
 
 (-^^ 
 
 **; 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 fell 
 
 
 :5 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 c 
 
 1^152 
 
 '7. 
 
 J 
 
 '■3 
 
 H 
 
 
 ~ 
 
 00 a -1 
 
 
 §, 
 
 'S 
 
 > . 
 
 
 
 lOf-O 
 
 
 "■■3 
 
 
 
 .* 
 
 >* 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 35 
 
 CCIC 
 
 
 lu. 
 
 
 K 
 
 
 
 l-iCtI— 
 
 
 
 
 
 JO 
 
 O 
 
 
 i 
 
 ..^ 
 
 ^'~' 
 
 > 
 
 
 3J 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 •■o 
 
 
 > 
 
 oc 
 
 
 
 4- 
 
 ►uiii; 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^1 
 
 
 
 >*- 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ►— • 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 i oci 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 "TJ 
 
 "Z 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 X 
 
 i SiS. 
 
 
 <;^ 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 i; 
 
 ; ^-DCi 
 
 5 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 
 J_oc ac 
 
 
 
 
 ^' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I;^ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 t/^: '* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 --j: : 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^; : 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 : 
 
 c: - 
 
 
 
 ^ ,,. 
 
 
 
 2 p 
 
 
 >3 
 
 2 2 w, 
 
 -~1 •*; 
 
 
 i: 
 
 
 
 
 "5 H 
 
 X 
 
 
 1 
 
 ::: 'it 
 
 ? 
 
 2 
 
22 
 
 r^ 
 
 ■~ 
 
 'r> 
 
 r. 
 
 >^ 
 
 
 
 
 'I 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ~' 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 a 
 
 ': 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 y. 
 
 a; 
 
 
 • 2-1 _;! 
 
 
 • 5 •' s^- 
 
 
 : 3« : --: 
 
 
 : : : r : 
 
 
 fS 
 
 
 1-- tc 
 
 
 iSC:>-'<T.^ 
 
 
 
 
 ioo'%"5cVi 
 
 
 
 
 oc cic i: S K 
 
 ." 
 
 I— • C; OTi ^ OC 
 
 
 O w » 4. i. 
 
 
 CI: 
 
 
 - ZA 
 
 
 l-'l-4 ■ fS 
 
 
 J-IMH-'O'j^ 
 
 
 
 
 £lS'iJ5i: 
 
 
 
 >'XCtJ»OIO 
 
 
 CSK/O-.CJIi 
 
 
 O IC O C-. 1~5 
 
 
 ... <■* 
 
 : : i o 
 
 ■ & i 
 
 ; I • ^1 
 
 o 
 
 : : : toSb 
 
 
 : : : oij: 
 
 
 I : : o^ Ji 
 
 ^ 
 
 : : : ic3= 
 
 
 
 b 
 
 
 s 
 
 4- to'"*: : 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 %\\%\ i 
 
 
 txc:^: I 
 
 ^ 
 
 '— — — ^; ; 
 
 •^ i 
 
 oZS: : 
 
 1 
 
 It may be uoUceil just liero that all 
 tlieiv were over Sfl72,()0O iiKiiv colh-c 
 IH'/l tL):iii ill INTO, as sliowii in Talili' 
 MieccHimiissioiis paid loi- (■(i||..ci iiii; 
 were ju-ai-l.v Jf.!,()i«i it'ss than in ISTO. 
 sp eaks lo r itsell. 
 
 hi.imh 
 ted in 
 A., vet 
 
 in iSTl 
 •I'his 
 
 01 <M 
 
 I liave compiled tlicso lalile? witli 
 grfiat oaro IVpin ilie ottieial reimrt men- 
 tioned al)ovc, and whilst they show a 
 H'ratifyiiif^ increase in the collections lui- 
 school purposes and a generous distribu- 
 tion ol'tlie fumls I'or the legitinuitc use of 
 fre(^ schools, on the other liand they show 
 a gratifying decrease in Iht^ per cent, 
 paid lor c(jliections, 6ic. So you will sec 
 that this talk of the Democracy being 
 o])posed to free schools, and going to 
 ciusli out the free school system, &c., is 
 nothing hut talk after all. ljefore;lf'av- 
 ing this suliject. T \\ill also call your at- 
 Iciitiiiii to the lacl tlialsin.-c the Democ- 
 lacy ha\e ohtaiiied control of tlie "'IiMiX'- 
 ilucihle Sc|io()l Fund," it has incres\st?jd 
 nearly one-third, and that there is how 
 in the Treasury to thecreditof tiiiit fund. 
 ovi'r:>^;5U(),()(H).'^ 1 think .s;rr2, 000 against 
 :*l':ilt,00() in 11^70. 
 
 WHAT TIIK r>KMO<'ll.VCY 'ilAR DOSB: FOR 
 Tins STATK SINCE 1871.' 
 
 Oi'tobor Lst, 1870, was the end of tlic 
 last fiscal year — the, llcpuW.icans had 
 control of this Slate. Let us examine 
 the state of the tn-asury then. The then 
 (jfovernor stated in his anuual message 
 to the Legislature in .Tanuary, 1S71. 
 "Ihilauce in the Irea-urv Ocloher 1st, 
 1«70, $"21;l,47Si .38, ■ hut failed to, stale 
 that thi.-i amount all belonged to the 
 sciiool funil, ami there was then an,;(cUial 
 delicit in the(ieneral Slate Fund ot'/^i^^,- 
 •'iii-i ICi. This dcfnil wa- made up as 
 follows: 
 .\loiicv la Ivcti ii-om, I ami uscil,) l)e- 
 
 lon^iiij; 1<> ticneial ScJiool Kuiul.*'tl,9ti.s i; 
 -Money tal{(?n Irom, (and used,) be- , , , 
 lonninsi; lo Irredu<'il)le Scliool 
 
 Kund, 25,&(«17 
 
 Aloiie.N' apiiropriated liy I'ormer . ' 
 
 liifiislal lire and jiaid alter Oito- 
 l)cr Isi, IsTd _, ;?2,0?.'^ »J 
 
 .\lakiii<4a <j:rand lotal of.......... ^l^vii l(i 
 
 In i871-7L', we had to inakt> aiipi'opria- 
 lion- to pay the following ddieils; lel't li- 
 as legacies by our i;e)Ulblii'an pi'eileee-;- 
 soi'.s: 
 
 ( 'oust met ii>n of AsNJiini lor i)ii» 
 
 Insane, mack- in ISTd „•.■...'.. ...^I.<,W-' »*1 
 
 .loliii I'li'W, |)iilili<' |)rinl.er...k|«j.t, .;...■ i'lfM.) ;:; 
 
 I'll )iai:iIioii ol IJK' ( 'oile of 1.S7S LM.d llil 
 
 I'linliie; the Cod.' ul I.MiS ' JII.IUMI IM 
 
 I'.-isio .lohnsoii A- l-'aulUmi- hi the 
 .•^11 i I l)elA\i-.-ii \'a.aii<l \V.\'a.,r<ln- 
 live to .leltci'Noli and iierkeley 
 coiintl.-s •....' r.,()lMV(iii 
 
 (iiiaids ol" Ceiiltentlary ^sce \>" • 
 
 liorl ol IS7I, |.ic-;e.'-..( , -l.iiiri f«» 
 
 ('llllel>l e.\ lii'liscs of I ' II i Ver»ill V al 
 
 Moiv:ini..\Mi. . :t,IKif) (1(1 
 
 loial HMhi/Vj 
 
 Si) you see the Ui.'piihlicans left a de- 
 flcieiice, appropriated or expended by 
 
23 
 
 them of $137,039.71, for us to pay, all of 
 -ivliich has been paid, withoul iiici-easini;- 
 the taxes one I'ent, and we h;id a halniu-e 
 of the (-reiieral State Fund in tin' lie:is- 
 ury July 1st, lS7J,<.f sK7,.')rJ.')K and tin- 
 Aiidilur informs me. hy K'tter tlnit we 
 will havo a u,"ood haiaiiee l)(>loii:;inL;- lo 
 llii' ui'iicial Sliilr fund at the I'nd oi' llie 
 i'i'oenl li,-r;il yeai-. W"'.' havi' ndl taken 
 jii'mthe sehool fund either whene\H'r- 
 nn)Mey was needrd. a- did our Ke]Mibli- 
 ean friends. 
 
 Bftii'rcii, ISfiS 'O/f/, //u; ciul of the 
 fiscal jicnr 1.S70 (he. iLcpuhUcanH re- 
 rrlvrd from Ilic I'nifrd Stdtcii (tOC 
 f i-iiiiiciif tn-( r$lii)\),0(M i)n ((.cconid of 
 iiioiH}/ pa/dotif hij flif Sfdfc for Iioinr 
 guards, (fcc, and in- 1S7(» thcij rccdv- 
 < d from the B. <t (). railroad, for 
 hack taxes, the sum of $7(),(H)(h Yet 
 although these large- sitmx trcre i.ii. 
 addition to (he regular revenue, theii 
 left ,/ drficil for'the DemocrcifH to 
 patj in ((.I most errri/ h ranch oj t/u. 
 tSta.te govern.men.t, viz: Gene red, 
 Stale Piuid, (Henered School Fund, 
 Jrreduei.hle Sch,ool Fund, Asglum 
 for the Insane, rrnilcntiarjj, Vnivf r- 
 
 ^it)l, etc., etc. 
 
 For 187o the i;-eneral school fund dis- 
 tributed was ><"ji!t,ol '•'•--, which is larger 
 than any previous yiiai', and .'^4(MH)(> or 
 soO.OOO jnore than any year under lie- 
 publican I'uie. ' , , 
 
 A\"e have put the li)eaf, , Dumb and 
 blind Institution at lloniney in success- 
 ful operation and niadt! additicnis to the 
 building. "W^e have, Jncreas(;d the ap- 
 jM'opriations for t^n; construction of the 
 asyluui at VVeston-aiid the penitentiary 
 at Moundtvilie, and those T)uildings are 
 now fast appi'oaeliing completion. 
 
 'I'lie Asylum ibr tliu insane is being 
 lun at less expense 7:»e/* cwpiia than fm-- 
 merly, and it is saiol at a less expense 
 than any simihir institution in the Unit- 
 ed States. I have examined int<j this 
 njatter and lind that whilst the highest 
 riite./)tv capita pei' week in the various 
 aipylums of the L'nited States is $8.tJ8 and 
 the, lowest *3.4(j, ,West Virginia is hut 
 *2.45. 
 
 Thi; co.>t ol' feeding the prismier.s at 
 the Penitentiary under IJailical rule in 
 ISHo was. per iupila, pel' liay, oo cents; 
 under JJeniocratie rule now, 14 7ii-10(M) 
 contri. The averaiic daily expense per 
 capita for the live years of Iludical rule 
 including 1870, was ;j7 cent.f;for the four 
 years of Democratic rule, 18.] cents. 
 
 : I •- 
 
 Balance in favor of DeinJOcratic rule, 
 one-half, or 18A 'oen't,'*.''' ■"' ' : . 
 
 This would make a dil)"ererH(> in the 
 fecdiiig of one hundred micm (mt uiir 
 year of i?6,7J2 in favor of the Democracy. 
 
 WHAT YQU.HA,XK GA1J« KD ,!!,>.■; .rjKNUlJS'G: 
 DKMO^.UlATS TO (i'OX(ail!:st>. 
 
 In 1871 for the lirnt titne otu- Stale wa- 
 ))artly represented in Congress by J)emn- 
 crats. Up to that lime West Virginia 
 had paid over tive millions of clolhir^ into 
 tne tiational treasury, anrl not a dulia^'' 
 was received in turn from the gencial' 
 government. Since you sent Denioerat> 
 to Congress our' State iias'reeeived appro- 
 priatioits as folh)ws; . n':. ■ ■ , , .,i m,.;! 
 ,('! '.( i-. > •■ .1. J ■.;: 
 
 Monons^aliehi river, .Tune 10, 1S72 S 2"),(Hiii 
 
 " Mar. ,S, 1S7:^ H(i,(iiii) 
 
 " " .Jun>-, ISTI •_'.., iKiii 
 
 Great Kanawha liver, Mar. .'i, l.SV';.... i:.>,iiiiii 
 
 " " " June, iS7f •_'.>,niii) 
 
 i'arkersburg Custom House and , . . 
 
 roslolliee, February, l.S7;.> FiO.OiHI 
 
 .Surve\ s 1. 1' .renins Kivcr and Ka- 
 
 na\vh;i r.i|i;ii. a.boul. oD.VIHl 
 
 Surveys ci! Nt w, Hig'Hnnriy, (iiiyan- 
 
 (.lolte. Twelve Pole and lal I le Ka- h. 
 
 nawiia rivers, about ,. fl"J'Wl 
 
 Total , s!(>t..n(i(i 
 
 \VKS.r VIIIGIXIA WAll (L\l\l> Ai,AI\:-r 
 XlIK GOVJ'JkNMKN'r. 
 
 Tjast winter I intro'du(;ed in tiieScn:Ui' 
 a bill providing that West Virginia and 
 her citizens, shoukl be paid their ju-t 
 claims Ibr articles taken and destroyed, 
 and reimbursed for the destruction ni'' 
 churches, school-houses, cdurt-hdu-o, 
 bridges, «.V:e., by the Federal troops dui'ing 
 the late war. During the session 1 made, 
 a talk in the Senate in advocacy of thi- 
 bill, which was puldished. and to whith 
 I refer you for details. This bill i> still 
 pending, and the j)eo|)le will send in their 
 just tdaims, with proof of their autheiiti- 
 tity, s(j that sonn; idea can be formed nl" 
 the; amount of damages, sustained by 
 them. I think we can get the Tnited 
 States to pay them, 
 
 .lAMKS KLVKU ANH KANAWU.V < \ v . 1,. 
 lI.VUl'Kll'fe t'-lfliUV, AC 
 III addilidii to this, your Democratic 
 re])resentatives iiave secured a fiivorabli- 
 report from the Senate TranspoVtati<in 
 Committee on the James lliver and K'a- 
 nawlnt Canal, and there are now in the 
 lield .t large ]>arty of goyernnuMit civil 
 engineers making surveys to find tie- 
 most tlirect, j)raetical and eeonoiiiical 
 route from the Uliio or Kanawha ri\er 
 to the Potomac river. This route mu>t 
 
go through our State from East to VVcr-t 
 and will he rjf iiicalculahlc valuf touf. 
 
 We aie in a lair way to liave guvei'n- 
 ine.nt aid in some Ibrin, extended lo this 
 cnterprifie, and with goodworking lueni- 
 V>ers from this .State, we may not only 
 secure this improvement, but also liav'e 
 a freight railway built aecross the State 
 by the National (xovernment. We are 
 promised, also, a post-otRee and eustom- 
 linuse at Charleston, the Capitol of our 
 Stale, which we hope soon to obtain. 
 We are also in a fair way to get tlu^ 
 Harper's Ferry nuiddle straiglitened. 
 The Coveniment will probably take the 
 property baek, and erect thereon a (iov- 
 ernment paper mill, to manufacture all 
 the paper used by the governmenl. Tlii- 
 would give employment to a large nutii- 
 ber ol' hands many more than used to be 
 employed at the arsenals. 
 
 RLTLHLKAN CAMI'AICX AliDKKSs, .oi; 
 IHAKGES AUA1.ST THK DKMOCKACY. 
 
 Let US glance now at the charges made 
 against us as a paity by our iip)ionents. 
 'J'he Kepublican E.vet'utive CoinmiKrc ,,',' 
 this State, thi'ough the Chairman, .1. W. 
 Ma-on, Esr].. has issued a cani})aign ad- 
 dress, under date of June 4, 1S7I. (iov. 
 Stevenson (of the State JininiKi (;f I'ar- 
 kersburg), who is high Itepublican au- 
 thority, in the issue of his paper of July 
 M), says the address '-may be regarded 
 llif-n as tlie semi-otiicial voice of the 
 parly il,~>clfV The charges or com- 
 plaints made in the address against the 
 J)em<H'racy have been sifted down by 
 (iov. Stevenson, and found to be as fol". 
 lous: 
 
 I. To refoi-m th.' judiciary. 
 
 •J. To aboli.^h till' I'ounlv coui'i s\,-lcni, 
 and 
 
 •>. The restoration cif tiie town>iiip 
 system, substantially a> we hail it undei' 
 tile old con.-tilution. Thc-c three points 
 
 <o\..|- about tile; gi-ound i oni lubMl 
 
 in the addre-s of ijie committee. 
 
 VaI us examine the address lor a mo- 
 ment. It occupies two or three i-olunms 
 of till' Jijin-iiiil, and says but littb'. Not 
 a single specific ciiargc! is made, but it in- 
 dulges in a kind of a rambling talk about 
 the new constitution, the judiciary, counly 
 courts and townships. Ildoeii sav that, 
 lb.' number of oflicc-bolders in the State 
 has been incieased under Democratic 
 rule, but we know ilii> to be an error. 
 Why 1 can reccolh'ct, and so doubtless 
 can yon, wlien under itepublican rule, 
 llieru were more otiiccs in some town- 
 
 shi)is than voters, and some men held 
 four and live ofKces. Jt rer/ttired then 
 t/iirti/-.-<f rin iiffice-ZioMerfi to vidi a lown- 
 Kliip. If 11(111% requires irss limn ^oti -third 
 oj that nninber. 
 
 The address advises Kepublicaiis in 
 counties where they have jnajorities, to 
 "put none but Kepublicans on guard,"' 
 but where the Democrats have nuijori- 
 ties, they unite with Jacob Democrats 
 and any one else. The address compli- 
 nicnts Gov. Jacob, and indirectly in- 
 vites ins friends to unite with them' and 
 tlicy will divide th(^ spoils of t.flice. 
 
 1 have examined tlu* address right 
 carefully, and would advise you all to 
 rcail it, for 1 am confident 'you must 
 come to the same conclusion that I did, 
 namely: Tli-iit tin Dctnocratic pariij 
 must hi- (ilH.ut r'i<ihl,nri'ise the I\ej)td>iicnm 
 ni. li rainpaiiin. itddriss^ muld hdr.e made. 
 I'lit n lirtter nisc (uidiiisf if. 1 think the 
 true opposition of the Uepublican party 
 to the Con.stitution is that they are for- 
 ever debarred by its provisions from the 
 enactment of voters', suitors', teachers" 
 and lawyers' test oaths. 
 
 ■IHE KKSOL'IiSKS OK W KST VIKUINIA. 
 
 AV'hen you consider the extent of terri- 
 tory of West ^'irginia, she has no e(pial 
 in this country, or in any other, in point 
 of mineral wi-.illh. \Ve lia\e about 
 ]■"),()(>() S(|Uiire miles of good No.] coal 
 wliii'h is more than any other State in 
 the ITiiion can boast of, and more than 
 all Europe combined, including the im- 
 mense coal area of Knglaiid. In iron 
 ore, salt, petroleum oil and timber our 
 I'iches I'aniiot be calcumtcd, so great are 
 ibey. Nearly every acre of our soil is 
 well adapted f<M- agricultural purposes or 
 for grazing. These assertions being true, 
 as they are, what else is necessary to 
 make us fulfill our destiny and beconie a 
 great and powerful State' The answrr 
 i> jil.'iin andsimple — developniint. And 
 this, with low taxes, an economcial ad- 
 ministration of States affairs, a generous 
 invitation and hearty welcome to I'ap- 
 itaiisls and laborers, and a libiM-al encour- 
 agement to immigrants to m;ike our 
 State their home, will -uirly ln' bicught 
 about. 
 
 I.KOISI.A'I I V K K.\ I'KNsKs. 
 
 1 liavi' maile some examination into 
 the expi'll.ses of the legislative bodies of 
 Stales under ilcjiublican rule, and liav(! 
 sehu'ted several ol about tli<! average 
 wealth and jioiiulation of West Virginia, 
 
25 
 
 {iiicl find tliat we are tar behind the limes. 
 The table is as follows: 
 
 Louisiana ...'. Si'i!r),772 
 
 Arkansas ■■;jj,7H4 
 
 California I'TTJiiT 
 
 Mississippi ■J41,lit2 
 
 South Carolina 2!iMiii 
 
 Nortli Carolina ir.l.l.L' 
 
 Alabama llJ,(i!iil 
 
 Iowa IKSl.sO 
 
 Florida ; 7S,:;:)() 
 
 Conneticr.f (j7,l-i0 
 
 West Virginia — average uiuler Dem- 
 ocratic rule about 40,000 
 
 These fignres I have taken from the 
 most reliable official returns I have been 
 able to procure. Included in the ex- 
 penses of West Virginia is the cost of the 
 long session. Our bi-ennial sessions 
 hereafter will probably cost not more 
 than half that amount, which would b(j 
 but $10,000 per annum. 
 
 Pt^BLlO PRINTING. 
 
 Much has been said arid done cunoern- 
 ijig the public-printing in this State, and 
 tnere is now a sitit in the State courts in 
 Avhich the Governor and Public Printer 
 are principal parties. The Governor 
 says more money has been paid for 
 printing than ought to have been, and 
 that frauds have been committed. The 
 Public Printer answers that these charges 
 are not true, and that he can and will 
 prove them false before any court. And 
 even if it be as the Governor alleges, he 
 '(the Governor) can, or ought, to say but 
 little, for the reason that many of tha 
 bills were signed by himself before the 
 money could be drawn from the treasury. 
 Upon examination 1 find, comparing 
 the population now and then, tb« public 
 printing in our State costs but little more 
 than under Kepublican rule. The av- 
 erage now is about .$20,000 per annum. 
 Under Kepublican rule it was about 
 .•fl5,000. When compared with the cost 
 of printing paid by the national govern- 
 ment, or liy States under liepuldican 
 rule, ours is greatly less. 1 will give 
 you the figures in two liepublican States 
 for example: 
 
 In South Carolina last vear the public 
 printing cost $589,905.22. 1 obtained 
 these figures from the ofiicial report of 
 the Comptroller General of that State. 
 In Louisiana the public printing cost, in 
 1870, $371,444, and that is about'an aver- 
 of tlie cost for that State. 
 
 TAXES IM W'KST VIRGIKIA COMPAKEr) 
 WITH OTHER STATES. 
 
 The great cry ot oppressive taxation is 
 raised by our opponents and they claim 
 that parties are leaving our State to avoid 
 exc«^sivetaxatior As I have already 
 shown, our taxe^ \y are no more than 
 under Radical Riiie. ■ although we have 
 
 had their large deficits to meet, indeed in 
 many counties and districts the taxes 
 are much less. As a matter of interast. 
 I have prepared a table, showing the as- 
 sessible property of our State and the 
 taxes levied thereon for a year, and 
 comparingthis with twelve representative 
 Stases then ttnder Radical rule, fonr from 
 the East, four from the West and four 
 from the South. The figures speak so 
 plainly for themselves and explode this 
 fallacy of excessive Democi'atic taxation 
 so completely that I forbear comments. 
 The table is cumpiled from" official sour- 
 ces, and is as follows: 
 
 Assessable 
 XA:.tE OF STATE. I'lOperty, 
 
 Taxes 
 Levied. 
 
 West Virginia , 
 
 Eastern iitates. 
 
 ^Massachusetts 
 
 New Hampshire 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Maine 
 
 Western Stal( s. 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Illinois : 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Siiuthcrn States. 
 
 IjOuisiana 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 S 140,000,000 
 
 1,5J)1,!)«.'?,000 
 14ii,000,000 
 102.oI8,000 
 201,203,000 
 
 ;i()2,515,000 
 •")-l,.-58-l,0(K) 
 
 482,899,000 
 02,125,0001 
 
 2-'):!,:'.71,0(W' 
 
 ls.i.o:il,(N)(i 
 
 177,278,000 
 
 i 94,o28,0(H) 
 
 J 1,722,000 
 
 24,922,000 
 3,2.35,000 
 I, .547,000 
 5,:^-18,000 
 
 9,055,000 
 
 1,027,000 
 
 21,825,000 
 
 2,073,000 
 
 7,000.000 
 2,770,000 
 :j,730,000 
 2.800.0OO 
 
 So you will see our taxes are one-third 
 less than the average of these twelve Re- 
 publican States and much less than the 
 average of all the States in the Union. 
 
 CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION IN WEST VIR- 
 GINIA. 
 
 And noAV a word or two as to the out- 
 rage commited upon the people of the 
 First and Second Congressional Districts 
 of this State in Congi-ess last winter. I 
 refer to the action of Congress in refer- 
 ence to the contests of Martin ve. Hagans 
 and Wilson vs. Davis. I have no doubt 
 the details of this infamous and hitherto 
 unheard of pro(Mieding are IVesh in your 
 minds, as they wei'(> thoroughly discussed 
 in all the papers of the State at the time, 
 yet I cannot forbear making a brief ref- 
 erence to them. It was one of the most 
 partisan proceedings I ever heanl of, but 
 I suppose they were only following the' 
 ■principles laid down by Thad. Stevens, 
 of whom the following anecdote is re- 
 lated: 
 
 "Some years ago, in a contested elec- 
 tion case 'before the House, a fiiend of 
 one of the contestants spoke to Mr. 
 Thaddeus Stephens on the subject. 'Oil, 
 don't argue the thing, said Mr. Stevcris, 
 What is our fellow's'name? Let us vote 
 for him.'" > 
 
 Tlkere Avas at one time a belief, or 
 
26 
 
 rath'jr :i hope, that the Eiidical inajurity ■ 
 in the House, being considerably over 
 two-thirds, would act fairly in these 
 cases, but that hope was soon dispelled. 
 And although the Democratic contestants 
 had not only the right and law on their 
 fcide, but in addition, the prestige of the 
 majority report of the committee on 
 Elections, consisting of eight Republi- 
 cans and three democrats, A'et the Eepub- 
 licans disregarding every principle of 
 right, justice and law, under the leader- 
 ship of Butler, gave Davis and Hagans 
 their seats. Let us see for a moment 
 how matters stood in our own district. I 
 do not mean to discuss the question of 
 the legality of the August or October 
 elections. That would take up too much 
 time, and besidc-s it is not necessary. I 
 simply want to freshen your minds on 
 the matter. In this district both the 
 party conventions were so well convinced 
 that' August was not the day for the 
 election, that they adjourned without 
 making a nomination. Then it wa-s that 
 Hagans saw his opportunity, and, a few 
 days before the August election, dis- 
 tributed some tickets with his name on 
 for Congress, and was voted for in four 
 counties, receiving a little over 3,000 
 votes, and all of this number of votes, 
 with the exception of some 500, were cast 
 for him in his own county, Monongalia, 
 and the adjoining county of Preston. 
 When it is remembered that thei'e arc 
 eighteen counties in this district, and 
 that the district is largely Democratic, 
 the fact that a man receiving some 3,000 
 votes — and that in four counties only — 
 oiit of a voting population -of some 
 2o,000 or 30,000,' is now representing that 
 district in tho Congress of the United 
 •States, ij enough to make us hang our 
 heads in very shame. As a matter of 
 interest, I append tbc vote of the two 
 elections: 
 
 At tho August election, Hagans was 
 Voted for in only four counties, and re- 
 ceived 3,111 votes. 
 
 At tho October election, Martin was 
 voted for in every county in the district, 
 and received 5,tJ08 votes. He liad two 
 llopublican opponents, AVisner, of Jierke- 
 b.'V county, receiving 1,005 vot.'s, and 
 Fariisworth, of Upshur county, rec(^iving 
 1,321 votes. Mr. Boteler, of Jeflerson 
 county, received CIO votes, and there 
 were scKtturing 169 votes. 
 
 HECEN'T ELKCTIONS. 
 Our rvopublican friends tell us that 
 the Democratic party is dead. "Well, I 
 
 1 .1.: . 1 .. :» 1.^ :..i. 1.. i: i.. 
 
 corpse at any rate. The truth of the 
 matter is that the Republican party is on 
 the decay. It is being buried so deep 
 under an accumulated mass of corrup- 
 tion, fraud, robbery, deceit and treachery 
 that I doubt if it is ever again politically 
 resurrected. Mj- assertion is fully cor- 
 roborated by all the reeent elections. 
 Turn where you will^east, west, north 
 or south — and you will si^e the vast and 
 growing tidal wave of political reform- 
 ation sweeping over the land. Turn 
 where you will and you will see largely 
 increased Democratic majorities, and 
 vastly diminished Republican majorities. 
 For proof of what I say I have but to 
 refer you to the late elections in New 
 Hampshire, Connecticut, Virginia, Texas, 
 AVisconsin, Arkansas and Mississippi, 
 the town elections in Ohio and New 
 York, and the elections just a few days 
 ago in Kentucky, Tennessee and North 
 Carolina. In Tennessee the civil rights 
 bill was made a direct issue, and the 
 result was an overwhelming victory 
 for Conscrvativism and Democracy. In 
 North Carolina we elect seven out of 
 eight Congressmen, and have 10,000 ma- 
 j(jrity in the State, when tw'o years ago 
 it went for Grant. . And so it goes all 
 over the country. 'T would be a sad 
 commentary on our Democracy if, in the 
 face of all these victories, our little State 
 allows a Republican triumph by dis.-en- 
 sions and bickerings in our own ranks. 
 But it will not be so. I have too much 
 conlidence in the good sense and wi.^di ■m 
 of our party to insult them by think- 
 ing so. 
 
 In Arkansas, which is now represent- 
 ed in .the United States Senate' by two 
 Republican Senators, and which has 
 been considered for a long time a Re- 
 publican State, the recent election stood 
 in favor of tho Democracy by a vote of 5 
 to 1. But a few years ago the Republi- 
 cans boasted that the Democrats had no 
 Governor in the Northern States; indeed 
 in 1870 we had but six Democratic Gov- 
 ernors in the whole Union. Now we 
 have seventeen. Does this look like Ix'- 
 ing in the death throes of dissolution? 
 
 ORGAyiZATIOX. 
 f)rgani/ation is an essential element of 
 success. Orgatii/.ation and united action 
 mean a certain victory for the Democ. 
 racy this fall. The Jacob party, as it is 
 tailed, met in Charleston in January 
 last to effete an organi/.ation. They met 
 again in Clarksburg during the session 
 of the Federal Court there for tho samo 
 purpose, but it i« said but four or five 
 
■27 
 
 Charleston they promised the people an 
 address stating 'their platform of princi- 
 ples, but they have failed to keep their 
 promise. They also appointed a State 
 Executive Committee, most of whom re- 
 fused to act. Although this shov.-s that 
 the faction is about played out, yet it 
 also shows an attempt to keep up their 
 organization. The Republicans have or- 
 ganized and sent out their address, and 
 wh}- not we? 
 
 It will not do for us to go upon the as- 
 sumption that the Eepublican party is 
 doing nothing because they do not seem 
 to be aggressive. Their idleness is but 
 in seeming. They are awaiting the re- 
 sults of our conventions, and if there are 
 any appearances of disaffection you will 
 see how readily they will take advantage 
 of it. If they find us united they may 
 make nominations, but it will only be 
 done to keep up their organization, not 
 with any hope of success. But if we 
 have disaflcction in our ranks, and, trust- 
 ing to our recognized superiority of num- 
 bers, grow careless, they will be quick to. 
 use their chance, and in counties where 
 there is any hope at all, will run straight 
 candidates,' and where they are in a 
 hopeless minority they w-ill join the disaf- 
 • fected and thus work us evil. You will thus 
 see that it behooves us to be on the alert 
 to make good nominations, and to pre- 
 sent a united front to the enemy. Their 
 only hope lies in our dissensions, if we 
 have any. Tliere are or should be but 
 two parties in this fight — Democrats and 
 Eepublicans. Principles and not men 
 should be our motto, and if we select our 
 best men to represent our principles, and 
 frown down all bolting and disaftection, 
 our victory will be an easy one. That 
 this will be the case, I have no doubt in 
 my own niind, but it will do us no harm 
 to guard ourselves in the manner I have 
 suggested. 
 
 Every Democrat who loves the prin- 
 ciples of his party, and desires to see those 
 principles triumphant, must acknowledge 
 the fact that harmony is essential to suc- 
 cess. Now, this is essentially true .« 
 nominating conventions. Of course, 
 when there are half a dozen candidates 
 for the same office, but one can be chosen 
 and the other five arc consequently .dis- 
 appointed. But how foolish and wrong 
 it is to then s et up the cry of trickery 
 and fraud, and bolt the nomination. If 
 y«»u submit your claims to a convention, 
 you should abide by the decision of the 
 majority. 
 
 How shall we gain the victory in this 
 countv and State? The answer is plain 
 
 and simple — organize. We have the 
 power if we but concentrate and utilize it. 
 Attend all the primary meetings, and 
 then there will be no pretext for crying 
 "unfair," when some one else than our- 
 selves or some particular friend receives 
 the nominatioH. Above all set your foot 
 right square dvivn on bolters. This cry 
 uf "ring" is made simply to disorganize 
 you and break up your party organiza- 
 tion, and the man who takes part in a 
 convention, and then because some one 
 else gets the nomination, set up a howl 
 of '-ring,"' "clique," &c., and announces 
 himself an independent candidate, de- 
 serves to be politically ostracised. 
 
 Happily the disafie'ction that has ex- 
 isted in our ranks has now an existence 
 in but very few counties, and is now* al- 
 most forgotten, and cannot long exist. 
 Most of the disafiection existed only in 
 name at any rate. The "Camden men," 
 as they were called, consisted of those 
 who thougli|. much more of party tradi- 
 tions, represented by a nominating con- 
 vention, than of any man, however great. 
 Many of those who were called "Jacob 
 men," doubtless believed they were fight- 
 ing an improper nomination, much more 
 •devotedly than they were following his 
 personal or political fortunes. Bnt this is 
 all past and need not now be recalled. 
 We are all fighting for the same desired 
 end now. AVe arc all thoroughly devot- 
 ed to the great principles of our party, 
 and unalterably opposed to radicalism in 
 all ito forms. 
 
 CLOSING REMARKS. 
 
 The Demecratic party seeks to revive 
 no dead issues, but stands by its princi- 
 ples, supports the Eedcral government 
 in all its constitutional authority; regards 
 at this day as Jcft'crson did in his day 
 that the true province of a Republican 
 government be the protection of rights 
 and not interests, defends the reserved 
 rights of the State and people, and op- 
 poses centralization that would impair or 
 destroy the constitutional rights or inde- 
 pendence of the other departments, as 
 the executive and legislative departments 
 under their rule,in over-slaughing the hon- 
 est opinions of the Supreme Court, by in- 
 creasingtheir numbers and in the appoint 
 mcnt of new Judges, who arc subservient 
 to the executive and legislative will; 
 holds that nearer approximity that can 
 be made to universal free trade, the great- 
 er will be the advantages of the Federal 
 government to the peopie. 
 
 Intervention by the Federal adminis- 
 tration in State policies the advancement 
 
28 
 
 of its intrigues, is hostile to treodom and 
 purity of elections, an insult to popular 
 Fntelliccence, and merits the "^^jnan 
 riprolalion of the people jealous of then 
 
 '^' \Ve invite co-operation ■ and welcome 
 to full fellou-ship in political actioiis of 
 all patriotic citizens who agree ^v^h us 
 ill these principles and are willing to 
 unite and establish their hen eticient rule 
 :, .1,^ GovPrnment of the State and na- 
 
 ath which the Democratic 
 
 ,,. ,/^ we see the footprints of 
 
 teiiington' Jetftrson, IvFadison AJam^ 
 •vnd the heroes of the Revolution ; of 
 Jackson, Clay, and all the guuus of the 
 'enerution iust gondhefore us: and while 
 it keeps that line of march, and be^rs the 
 iiacrof the Constitution and the L nion, 
 we°c;in follow it with pride and unfalter- 
 
 '""Wela-k the members of all parties to 
 unite with us in denouncing the infamous 
 .cries of frauds which have disgraced 
 e-erv man connected with them, or who 
 las profited bv them; which have covered 
 with infamy 'the party countenancing 
 them, and ought tomake every man who 
 attempts to defend them blush with 
 
 "'xiie' Democratic party is now the only 
 party true to the Constitution _ and the 
 Union, and against centrali/.ation. We 
 :,.iust not ask what m-'U have been, but 
 what they are. . 
 
 We love the principles ot our pai't> — 
 those principles that have been handed 
 down to us, sanctioned by the most un- 
 fiplfish and most able patriots •«ho have 
 lived, and under the appli.-ation o whidi 
 ,u,rcountrv has enjoyed the highest de- 
 gree of pr.^sperity which it has ever 
 
 known. , . , , 
 
 Let us, therefore, stand uiuied, lianno- 
 nious and conlid.Mit of perfect success, 
 and will surely gain a great victory in 
 the approaching campaign; such a vic- 
 tory aK will redound U> -ur credit as in- 
 dividuals, and to tlu! credit and g-.od ol 
 the people of the whole State. 
 
 1 have endeavored, Icllow-iMtizeiis, in 
 my rambling way to deal bri-tly Nvitli 
 voincof the important charge^ against 
 the Kepublican parly, and tlx'y nuiy bo 
 summed up as follows: 
 
 The civil rights bill. 
 
 The mixed hchool bill. 
 
 Credit mobilier. 
 
 Saiiborn-.Ianye frar.-lf. 
 
 Oreii. iio wards robbery of the i- reed- 
 man's Bureau. „ . . , , 
 
 Discrimination in collecting internal 
 revenue against the Border States. 
 
 The large and unnecessary exp3n5es ot 
 the Government. ' 
 
 The defaulters to the Governroen., and 
 the easv way in which they are let ott. 
 
 The 'state of aftairsin Louisiana, South 
 Carolina, Alabama and other Southern 
 States under Republican rule. . 
 
 The way these States have been robbed 
 
 and plundered while under Radical ru.e. 
 
 I The atiuirs of tlw -n-^trict rf Columbia 
 
 and the way th- ■ :;nag- 
 
 1 ed. ■ , 
 
 The tendency of the -..vi i-.m-iu, under 
 its present rulers, to the greatest ot a.l 
 dangers, centralization. 
 
 Grant's administration, his extrava- 
 gance; his nepotism; his third term ten- 
 dency. ■ , , 
 
 I have also endeavored to show you 
 what the Democrats have done in this 
 State since-obtaining control, and the re- 
 sults of their labors are as follows: 
 
 The pavment of large deficits lett by 
 our Republican predecessors, and a full 
 treasurv without in.'rease of taxation. 
 
 Our public works are nearly completed 
 and in a prosperous condition. _• . . . 
 
 The cost of running our public institu- 
 tions largely reduced, ir, ~o!.v^ . iust-.tnces 
 
 one-half. . , 
 
 We have not advanced fixation in the 
 State, and when compared witii other 
 States under Republican rule, we are very 
 far below them. 
 
 Our legislative expenses aie gnnitly 
 below those States uiid(?r Republi.an 
 rule, of our average wealth and popula- 
 tion, and in some ca^es not one-tenth ns 
 ■much. 
 
 We have largely increased both tin' 
 Irratlucible School Fund, and the Annual 
 and Distributable School Fund. 
 
 We have secured appropriations lor 
 the benefit of our State from the govern- 
 ment to the amount of m-arly i?oOO,(HKi. 
 
 We have provided for hi-cnnial ses- 
 sions of the Legislature, which will large- 
 ly reduce expenses and consequently tax- 
 ation, ice, iio., A:c. , . • • 
 
 I owe you an apology tor detauiing 
 you so long, but the subjects of which 1 
 have been speaking are so numerous, and 
 so much can be saidoftbeni, that I could 
 find no good place to stop any sooner. 1 
 thank yo.it^..''ekin,h,tie,:iiun yon have 
 
 paid mt-. 
 
LB S '12