mM F574 .D4D25 :„./ :'MS:^ %.A^ :':S^': %„./ -i^M. ^^.>* \,^^ 4^ r"^' ' %.0^' /^^^ %/ o^^&'- V..^ * ^*..^^ /Jl^\ \/ .'^% %,** .-^'v \,4 .*'% -^0^ (y ^ o « » =^.^** •• ^^3 /?> f '/ DETROIT A SKETCH PREPAEED FOE THE USE OF THE DELEGATES TO THE INTERNATIONAL AMERICAN CONGRESS BY THE SECRETARY - : f^Aoovi) OP THE DETROIT. COMMITTEE OF ENTERTAINMENT for -V-K^ A.ft\. DETROIT OCTOBER SEVENTEENTH 1889 F57f DKTKOIT, MICincAX : Pkinted and BoiND i!Y RavnoI! t»c Tayi.ui: p, J D'02 y ^ COI^TENTS I. Letter from Special Agent of tlie State Department, William E. Curtis, . . - - II. Letter from Mayor Pridgeon, appointing a Citizens Committee of Entertainment, IIL Work of the Citizens' Committee and the Programme for the Visit of Delegates, IV. List of Delegates to the Conference, - V. Detroit — A Sketch. - , - - - VL Some INIanufactures of Detroit, 9 10 13 25 DEPAETME^T OF STATE Intkknational American Congress. t Washington, Aiii>ust 24, 1881). To THE Hon. John Pridgeon, Jr., Mayor of Detroit. Sir: — I am directed by the Secretary of State to inform you that the excursion tendered to the foreign delegates to the International American Congress will reach Detroit from Cleveland at 7 A. M., October 17th, and will remain there until 3 P. M., M'hen they leave for Ann Arbor to visit the University. I shall be glad if you will confer with the offi- cers of your commercial bodies as to the appointment of a committee for the reception and entertainment of these dis- tinguished visitors The party will number about seventy- five, and will include some of the most distinguished men in Central and South America. Be good enough to inform me at your earliest convenience what i^rogramme will be arranged by your citizens. I have the honor to be, Your obedient servant, WILLIAM E. CUKTIS, Special Agent, DepH of Slate. (7) II. CITY OF DETROIT. Mayor's Office. Detroit, Mich., Sept. 10, 1881). Hon. James McMillan, Dear Sir: — In conforiuunce witli a resolution offered by W. E. Tarrand, and adopted by the citizens present at a public meeting in the Mayor's office, on the 9th inst., I was empowered to appoint a committee, whose duty it shall be to make all necessary airun<;('inents for ieceivin<>- and enter- taining the foreign delegates to the International American Congress, upon the occasion of their visit to Detroit, Octo- ber 17tli uext ; nnd also to niraiige for a suitable exhibit of the commercial and manufactuiing resoui-ces of Detroit. I have the honor and pleasure of announcing youi- ap pointment upon this committee, which is as follows : Hon. JAMES MiMILLAN, Chairman. Hon. J. LOGAN CHIPMAN, JOHN N. BAGLEY, GEORGE H. RUSSEL, GEORGE H. BARBOUR, W. R. FARRAND, CHARLES WRIGHT, JOSEPH NICHOLSON. Trusting that you will find it agreeable and convenient to act, I am, Very truly yours, JOHN PRIDGEON, Jr. (S) iir. THE PEOGEAMME. THE Citizen's Committee held several meetings at the ofiftce of the chairman, United States Senator James McMillan. Tlie following sub committees were appointed : To arrange the route and prepare a list of the places to visit: William E. Farrand, Cti:orge H. Barbour, Cap- tain Joseph Nicholson. Finance: George H. Eussel, John N. Bagley. 0)1 Invitations and Beception: Hon. J. Logan Chipman, Charles Wright, Geokge H. Barbour. Charles Moore was appointed secretary, with instruc- tions to prepare, under the snpervision of the committee, a sketch of Detroit and of the leading manufacturing indus- tries of the city. Senator McMillan informed the committee that he would be pleased to entertain the delegates at luncheon, on the day of their visit, and to invite a number of citizens to meet them. Accordingly, this programme was arranged : 8:00 A. M Leave Micliigan Central Station by the Belt Line Railroad. Michigan Car Works, 30 minutes' 8.4-5 " Bay City Junction. 9.00 " Farrand & Votey Organ Factory, 20 minutes. 10.00 '• Beaufait Station (take carriages). 1010 " Michigan Stove Works, 30 minutes 10.50 " Parke, Davis & Company, Drug Manufactory, 30 minutes. 11.35 " Detroit Safe Company, 20 minutes. 12.20 p. M. Pingree & Smith's Siioe Factory. 12.55 " D. M. Ferry Company's Seed Warehouse. 1.25 " Drive around Grand Circus Park and back by way of Wood- ward and Jefferson Avenues, to Senator McMillan's resi- dence for luncheon, arriving there at 2 o'clock 3.30 '' Take the train for Ann Arbor. (9) IV. DELEGATES TO THE CONFERENCE. THE delegates to the conference between tlie United States and the Republics of Mexico, Central and South America, and Brazil are as follows : Argentine Republic. — Delegates, Roque Saenz Pena, Manuel Quintana ; secretary, Federico Pinedo. Bolivia. — Delegate, Juan F . Velarde; secretary, Melchor Okarrio ; attaclics. Alcihl\des Velarde, Marino Velarde. Brazil. — Delegates, Lafayette Rodriguez Peraira, J. G. deAmaral Valente, Salvador de Mendonca ; secretaries, Jose Agosto Ferkeiha de Costa, Joaquim DE Frietas Vascoxceli-es ; attaclias, Alfredo de Moraes Gomez Ferreira, Cori^os Silviera Martino, Mario de Mendonca. Chili— Br. Varas. Colombia. — Delegates, Carlos Martinez Silva, Climaco Calderon ; secretaries, Jula Rengofo, Martin Amador. Costa Rica. — Delegate, Manuel Aragon ; secretary, Joaquin Bernardo Calvo. i;g;Mfl(Zor— Delegate, Jose Maria Carnaano. Guatemala. — Delegate, Fernando Cruz ; secretary, Domingo Estrada ; attache, Javir Arroyo. Honduras. — Delegate, Jeronimo Zelaya ; secretaries, F. Constantino Fiallos, Richard Villafranca. (10) Jtoico.— Delegates, Matias Eomero, J. N. Navarro, Joseph E. Yvs Limantour ; secretary, Adolpho Mujicay Sayago. Xicaragiia — Delegate, Horatio Guzman; attache, E. Mavorga. Paraguay — P^,.,f, —Delegate, F. ( l C. Zegarra ; secretary, Alberto Falcon. ^aZvarfor.— Delegates, Jacinto Castellanos and Samuel Valdivieso. Vraguay—jyeXegixie, Alberto Nin ; secretary, Henry Dauber. Fene^we/«.— Delegates, Francisco Antonis Silva, Nioanor Bolet Peraza, Jose Andrade. United ^fa/cs.— Delegates, John E. Henderson, C'orne- Lius N. Bliss, Charles E. Flint, Clement Studebaker, T. Jefferson Coolidge, William Henry Trescott, Andrew Carnegie, Morris M. Estee, John F. Hanson, Henry G. Davis ; William E. Curtis, special agent Department of State, in charge ; attaches, John G. Bourke, captain U. S. A. ; Henry E. Lemley, first lientenant U. S. A. ; George M Sternberg, snrgeon U. S. A. ; Edmund W. P. Smith, Edward A. Trescott. Representing the Spanish- American Commercial Utiiun, F. G. PlERRA. (11) DETROIT DETROIT A SKETCH. WHILE the Spaniards were establish ing themselves ill the vast country west and south of the Missis- sippi, and the English were planting colonies between the Atlantic ocean and the Allegheny mountains, the French were engaged in securing for themselves the regions along the St. Lawrence river and the Great Lakes, with the ultimate intention of possessing themselves also of the Mississippi valley. La Salle, boldest and most resolute of French exploivrs, was the tirst to navigate the Detroit river in a ship; and Father Hennepin, in his "Travels," has told how grateful to the tempest- tossed voyagers were the quiet waters and smiling banks of the Detroit, after the perils of Lake P^rie. This was in 1679 ; and twenty-two years later Cadillac founded the town of Detroit, to answer the two-fold purpose of a French trading-post and a strate- gic i^oint against the incursions of the Iroquois Indians, who were the friends of the English and the enemies of the Hurons, the red allies of the French. The fall of the French power in America transferred Detroit to the control of the English. During the short period between the defeat of Montcalm on the Plains of 11^ l!SM%^' ^ THE SIECE OF PONTIAC. 17 Abraham and the American Revolution, the little town was called npon to withstand a siege maintained by Pontiac, one of the bravest and by all odds the ablest leader who ever appeared among tlie Indians of Xorth America Dnring the six long months from May to October, 1763, the fate of the English settlements all along the western border depended on the energy, bravery and sagacity of Major Gladwyn, the English officer in charge at Detroit. Eomance loves to tell how a brave and beautiful Indian girl betrayed to her lover, the commandant, the plot for the surprise and massacre of the garrison ; and how Pontiac, just as he was about to give the signal for the slaughter, heard the roll of the drum and saw- the double guards ready to shoot him and his treacherous fellows, if they should show the least signs of hostile intent. Francis Park- man, one of the most brilliant of American historians, has made ^^The Conspiracy of Pontiac" the title of two of his most fascinating volumes. The :\Iichigan Stove Woi-ks now stands in Bloody Run, where Pontiac's forces laid an ambush for the English soldiers, and in the cool of the morning slaughtered them like sheep. Pontiac made his home on Peach Island, in Lake St. Clair; and tradition has it that one of the first victims of the affray lived on Belle Isle, the present city park, and that from his grave an arm kept protruding until the mangled body was given Christian burial. During the American Revolution, the English used Detroit as a head-quarters for scalping parties of Indians, sent out to ravage the borders. Bnt George Rogers Clark, a Virginia pioneer, with a baud of brave backwoodsmen, BULL'S SURRENDER. 19 made such a successful campaigu iu the north-west that when peace was made with England, the Great Lakes were held to be the national boundary. Detroit's troubles, how- ever, did not end with American independence. During the war of 1812 with Great Britain, the commanding officer here was General and Governor William Hull, who was so afraid the Indian allies of the British would scalp the slain and torture and burn at the stake the captives, that he surrendered the city. For this cowardice he was sentenced to be shot; but on account of his brave record in the Eevo- Intion, his life was spared. The campaigns of General — afterwards President — William Henry Harrison, the grand- father of the present Chief Executive of the United States, restored Detroit to the American arms. Thus it has hap- pened that dnring the first century and a quarter of her existence, Detroit changed her flag five times; and in 1810 the town was completely destroyed by fire. Few cities in the United States have had such an eventful history. The close of the War of 1812 left iu command at Detroit General Lewis Cass, then young and ambitious. He was appointed Governor of the Territory of Michigan, and for sixteen years devoted all his energies to securing the Indian titles to the lands of the north-west. By treaty he obtained for the United States Government the titles to most of the territory which is now included in the States of Michigan, Illinois, Minnesota and Wisconsin. On the spot where the great western metropolis of Chicago now stands, Governor Cass, in 1820, made a treaty with a few Indians cpiartered at a small trading-post Thus rapid has been the develop- ment of the West. 20 CASS AND CHANDLER. General Cass was successively Secretary of War and Minister to France under President Jackson's administra- tion, a Senator of the United States fiom Michigan, an unsuccessful candidate for President on tlie Democratic ticket in 1848, and Secretary of State in President Buchan- an's administration. He was the most distinguished citizen Michigan has produced; and in the Xational Portrait (Jal- lery in the Capitol at Wtishington, among the unheroic looking eftigies of American heroes, one may see a really line statue, by Daniel C. French, of General Cass, as the typical statesman of the period when tlie Union was being strengthened and built up to withstand the shock of civil war. The second place allotted to Michigan in the American Valhalla will be assigned by tacit consent to Zachariah Chandler, a Senator from Michigan during the rise of anti- slavery agitations throughout the war of the rebellion. Mr. Chandler was one of those vigorous, uncompromising characters who plowed their way through the dangers and obstacles of war times, and whose sturdy good sense, con- stant aggressiveness and enormous energy made him one of the great party leaders of his country. The Chandler statue is a work for the future ; but in the minds of Michigan people Cass and Chandler are the two heroic characters in the history of the State. When in 1825 the Erie Canal was completed through the State of New York, Michigan was rapidly filled with set tiers from that State and from New England. The young men who had learned the lumber business on the rapid COPPER, IRON, SALT, LUMBER. 21 Audroscoggin in Maine and the broad Merrimac of New Hampshire, came to Michigan and made large fortunes from the vast pineries of this State. Youths who had been brought up on the rocky lands of New England rejoiced to find the fertile prairies and the beautiful oak groves of southern Michigan, and AA'ere not to be driven out of so rich a possession even by the fever and ague. Even in those prehistoric days, when the Indians, whose story has yet to be discovered, roamed both the American hemispheres, the copper mines of Lake Superior had been worked ; but it has remained for our own day and genera- tion to take from those mines three-fourths of the copper used in the United States and a goodly proportion of that which Europe uses. Iron mines, wonderful in extent and richness, are also found in the Upper Peninsula of Michi- gan ; and the richest salt wells in the country are in the Saginaw valley and along the St. Clair river Such is the firm puritanical foundation on which the metropolis of Michigan stands. Detroit abounds in all that goes to make a city pleasant to live in. Her streets are broad and well shaded ; her many fine residences are surrounded with ample grounds, instead of being built together in blocks ; her broad river affords ample opportunities for pleasure and sport ; her public schools are of a high order ; she has a large public library and a fine museum of art ; her island park is as beautiful as it is unique; her society is cultivated without being pedantic and is hospitable and not too exclusive ; her charities are many and efdcienfc. 22 THE DETROIT OF TO-DAY. '\i \^t^ , I J^t?s-r>' I)t IKOIl AIISFUM Detroit is not aloue a delightful city to live in ; she is also an excel- lent city to make money in. Indeed, the two things usually go to get her, when one comes to get at the bot- toni ol" the matter. The Detroit Board of Edu- cation has under its charge 46 schools, which accommodate 21,000 pupils. Besides these public schools there are numer- ous private schools that have an attendance of about 11,000 pupils. The public schools cost the taxpayers of the city about $400,000 annually ; and there is also received from the State $94, 74"2, Detroit's proportion of the annual interest on the proceeds of the sales of public lands set apart for the support of primary schools. The debt of Detroit is only $640,000, and the rate of taxation is 14.29 mills on the dollar. Two years ago the city was practically out of debt ; and the present indebted- ness represents recent improvements. The population of the city is between 250,000 and 270,000; and the annual increase exceeds 10,000. MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY. 23 The Jesuit missionaries of France, whose heroism led them to water the soil of Michigan with their martyr blood, strove hard to found in the north-west a new Para- gnay ; the French and English ti-aders looked no further than to make it a land of trading posts ; but the American commonwealth-builders, beginning with George Washington himself, saw clearly that the fertile lauds of the lake region were destined to be the seat of the most populous States and the dwelling place of future millions. In their almost prophetic wisdom, they provided in that great charter of western rights, the Ordinance of 1787, that ''Religion, morality, and knowledge being necessary to good govern- ment and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged." From the appropriations of lands given for educational purposes to carry out the spirit of the ordinance, came endowments which, together with State aid, have estab- lished, maintained and Imilt up Michigan University, at Ann Arbor. This great and growing institution, with its two thousand students, is the head of a system of free, public instruction that begins in the primary schools of the State, and continues step by step until the university course has been completed. Then there are schools of laM', medi- cine, pharmacy, engineering and the mechanical arts. It is a source of profound pride to the people of Michi- gan that this State, in providing for the education of her own youth, has drawn no narrow lines. Not only has the instruction of her own youth been provided for, but the same advantages have been offered practically free to stu- 24 A COSMOPOLITAN INSTITUTION. dents from otlier States, and even from otliei' nations ; so that liere in tlie Xorthwest a university lias been bnilt up, to which has gathered its pupils, even from Europe and from Asia, and whose doors will swing as gladly to the young men and young Momen of the American nations of the South as they do to the sons and daughters of the citi- zens of Michii-an. in THf CA/lAL VI. SOME MANUFACTUEES OF DETEOIT. NOTE. There are certain manufactures of Detroit foi- wliicli the city is famous throughout the United States and in several foreign countries. There are others which are sure to make an extended reputation. Obviously the limits of this book allow but a brief mention of some of our larger commercial institutions ; and it has been extremely difficult to draw the line. The case for Detroit herein presented must be taken to be stated without prejudice to those institutions which must of necessity be omitted. The compiler desires to acknowledge his indebtedness to the clothing house of Mabley & ('ompany for their courtesy in allowing him to use several illustrations from "Detroit As She Is," published by that firm. C. M. Detroit, October 10, 1889. SOME ma:n^ufactuees of detkoit. TH E broad river which flows by six miles of busy wharves, is one of the greatest highways known to commerce. The tonnage passing through the Suez Canal is much less than that which passes through the great govern- ment locks at Sault Ste. Marie, where two vessels three hundred feet in length are at one time lifted from the level of Lake Huron to that of Lake Superior, in thir- teen minutes. Througli the government canal through the shallows at the mouth of the St. Clair river, twenty miles above Detroit, and j^ast the city itself, goes the iron and copper from Lake Superior, the wheat and flour from Chicago and Minneapolis, the lumber and salt from the Saginaw valley, and the coal from Pennsylvania. Over forty thousand vessels pass by Detroit every year ; while but fifteen thousand find their way into the harbor of New York. Over three million passengers are carried on the Detroit ferries and other boats every year. The railroad facilities of Detroit are such as to favor her continued growth as a manufacturing center. Situated on two trunk lines between New York and Chicago, the manufacturers of this city also have access to all parts of the State by means of the Michigan Central and its varied THE INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION. 29 brauch Hues, the Chicago and Grand Trunk, tlie Detroit Lansing and Northern, the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern, the Flint and Pere Marquette, and the Detroit, Grand Haven and Milwanlvce. The south-western trade is reached over the WabavSh. Ground has already been pur- chased for a new Union Depot, to be used by the Canadian Pacific ; the Toledo, Ann Arbor & Northern, and probably by the lines of the great Pennsylvania Railroad. Securing the entrance of these railway lines is looked upon as one of the most important steps of advancement the city has ever taken. The banks of Detroit have a capital of $6,975,200; hold a surplus of $1,200,000, and have deposits of $47,000,000. It is the experience of Detroit manufacturers that in the Detroit market money is much cheaper, and the rates of discount are much steadier than in the markets of New York, Chicago, and other cities where large speculation in stocks tends to produce sharj) though temx)orary strin- gencies. An annual fair and exposition, which had its first highly successful exhibition this year, is the means of bringing to the city hundreds of thousands of people from Michigan and the adjacent States and from Canada, greatly to the advantage of all kinds of trade and manufactures. In reviewing hastily some of the leading industries of Detroit, we may well begin with the largest one — the manufacture of cars. The Michigan Car Company is the head of a series of corporations, which go to make up the most gigantic net- 30 DETROITS GREATEST INDUSTRY. work of c'OMiniercial enterprises in Michigan. Traversing the wikls of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, carrying the wheat and flour from Duluth, on its way to the seaboard, carrying the copper of Keeweenaw Point and the iron from the Gogebic regions, is the Dulutli, South Shore and Atlan- tic railroad. Among the lines of steamers M'hicli carry ore from the Lake Superior ports to the furnaces below are, the Hamlramck. the Detroit, and the Duluth and Atlantic Transportation Companies. In Detroit's suburb — llani- tramck — is the Detroit Iron Furnace Company, which mannfactures the Lake Superior ii-on ore into charcoal pig- iron for car- wheel and malleable use. Part of the outinit is taken by the Baugh Steam Forge Company, which turns out one hundred car axles and sixty tons of bar iron each day. Anothei- portion goes to Detroit Car Wheel Company, which produces nearly four hunany, organized in ISSl, with William B. ]\Iorau as presith'ut, employs seven hundred and fifty men and has an annual product of twenty-five thou- sand stoves, ranges, furnaces and heaters. All of these companies vie with eacli other and with their competitors in other cities to produce the most artistic work. Beauty and richness of finish are sought for no less than excellent heating capacity, and the magnitude of the business shows how very successful they have been. The total annual product of the three works is not less than $2,500,000. The manufacture of white lead and colors, although comparatively a new industry in Detroit, is making rapid progress. The Acme works, of which W. L. Davis is president, began in 1884 and now employs 100 men in the manufacture of dry and mixed paints, white leads, zincs and putties. They have branches in New York, San Francisco and in Ingersoll, Ontario, and their carriage paint, granite floor paint, sash paint, interior fresco paints, 34 THE WHITE LEAD INDUSTRY. wagon and implement paint, and other kinds find a large sale in Australia, New Zealautl and the Sandwich Islands, as well as in the United States. The Peninsular White Lead and Color Works, organized by the wholesale drug firm of Farrand, Williams & Com- pany, are corroders of white lead and manufacturers of dry colors, vermillions, coach colors, tinted leads, ready -mixed paints and carriage paints. The company corrodes their own white lead by the old Dutch process, and manufacture their own vermillion and dry colors ; and the quality of their goods adapts them to the most severe use in winter. The Detroit White Lead Works, of which Ford D. C. Hinchman is the jiresident, besides manufacturing a full line of paints and varnishes, makes several specialties which have met decided wants. Among these are a fine carriage black put up for indi\ idual use ; domestic paints, put up in pint and half-pint cans, especially adapted for household use ; and a line of quick drying and hard, tough and durable floor paints. The company has branch houses in Montreal, Milwaukee and Canada. The house of Boydell Brothers, established in 1865 by John Boydell, manufactures white lead, zinc, putty, colors and prepared paints of a high quality. One of the most notable instances of western enterprise is the birth and growth of the great varnish house of Berry Brothers. The firm is composed of Joseph H. and Thomas Berry ; and their establishment is located at the foot of Lieb street, on the Detroit river. Besides the spa- cious offices and shipping department there are the canning VARNISHES. 35 and labeling-room, seven large storage tank rooms, differ- ent departments for melting gnm, manufactnring Japan, black varnishes, spirit varnishes and preparing oil ; labora- tory, testing and finishing room. Also there is a three- story structnre, in whicli are placed the many pnmps for distributing the product of the factory among the numerons tanks in the seven storage rooms. The building is also devoted to the bleaching of shellac. Like many other successful western enterprises, the house of Berry r>rothers' began business on a very modest scale. Confined at first to a iew dealers in town, their trade soon assumed large proportions, and the next few years found Berry Brothers emerged from local obscurity and well known throughout their own and adjoining States. There are now eight flourishing branches located at New York, Philadelphia, Boston, Baltimore, Chicago, Cincinnati, St. Louis and San Francisco. The running capacity of tlie factory is fifteen thousand gallons of varnish and Japan daily, or about four and a half million galkns per annum, and the aggregate storage capacity is upwards of five hundred and twenty-five thou- sand gallons. Tank Room No. 1, in which the firm keep most of their fine varnishes while undergoing the necessary process of ripening, contains twenty-one tanks of two thou- sand gallons each, or forty- two thousand gallons in all, the money value of the product stored in this room aggre- gating the respectable sum of 1168,000. The firm manufac- ture all grades of varnish, from the finest railway and carriage varnishes to the cheapest grades of goods, asphal- Si'ffliUljiiiiijlli 1i'^ e-J~&^^<' -vr' 'it'- ■f m, ■« v'«''lany employ two hundred and fifty men in designing and printing The stove, tobacco and other manufactnres of Detroit give the house a large local trade ; and l)esides this they do busi- ness for lii-ms all over the country. M. J. Murphy & Company, manufactiu-e chairs, woven wire mattre^sses and spring beds ; they employ three hun- dred and seventy-five men, and turn out twelve hundred chairs, one hundred mattresses and one hundred spring beds daily. The Detroit House of Correction, under the superintendence of Captain Joseph Nicholson, more than pays its expenses by the manutacture of chaii-s. The Detroit product in this line reaches $750,000. The two large trunk fsictories of Martin Maier & Co. and William Brown, manufacture all kinds of trunks, satchels and sample cases, their combined product reaching $275,000. Detroit has recently taken up the business of manufac- turing radiators for steam and hot water heating, and the product of the two foundries is sold from one end of the country to the other. The Detroit Radiator Company, of which George H. Eussel is president, employs one hundred VARIOUS MANUFACTURES. 47 and twenty-five men and produces seven hundred and fifty thousand square feet of radiators every year. The Michigan Eadiator and Iron Manufacturing Company, John B. Dyar, president, employs three hundred and fifty men to make two and a half millions square feet of radiators. The designs of the radiators for house and office use are such as to make them unobtrusive if not actually ornamental. Anu)ng the other leading articles of Detroit manufacture are crackers, *800,0()(); clothing, .12,000,000; soap, 1250,000; candy, *900,000 ; matches, .|400,000 ; beer, $1,775,000; malt, 11,000,000; brick, !i«375,000 ; billiard tables, 125,000 ; agri- cultural implements, $-100,000 ; paper stock, (Detroit Sul- phate Fibre Company), f ,'501), 000; barrels, (Anchor Manu- facturing Company), $500,000 ; burial caskets, $500,000 ; passenger cars, (Pullman Car Company), $800,000. A FLATS CLUB HOUSE. 2.37 90 ^f-'r *C» • " 5^"-. - .V ^'^^ "yi^"^.' >^ ^<^ '-^^ws^.* <^^' o^ " ^ "o V" ->o^ o_ * \/ •^\ V*' "^'- \/ .'^■•. %.^ ECKMAN NDERY INC. ^ MAY 90 ,^ N. MANCHESTER, S^# INDIANA 46962 "^^..^