' Kv ■v>K\ ^^... i i ^}mwii^\:>Dm^m>A.hl ^Dedication to a souvenir of fornding days Daughters of the New York Stat^ Chapters Founders and Patriots of America and its President Mrs. LeRoy Sunderland Smith, MRS. FLO 'fcponsdrs of the Warden's Pew and Donors of the Matthews Tablet Bruton Church Dawihti!** ■'- .... Williamsburgh, Virgiriii Itl memory of Jamestown 1607-1907 Flora Adams Darling, A. M. AjiiiawiA ?o ^toi/itaH >fllim2 hnBhibntiS voMaJ .8il/ Kini^iiV .HgiudKniBilliV/ .171 .A ,tJ"/.i.l>i>A i ciz/.i^ir A-^i^'^i i 1607-1907 Memories of Virginia A SOUVENIR OF FOUNDING DAYS By MRS. FLORA ADAMS DARLING, A. M. Founder of the National Societies Daughters of the American Revolution, Daughters of the Revolution AND United States Daughters 1812, (^ LIBRARY of CONGRESS 1 wo CoDieii Received OCT t i9or Copyright Entry Oct/ /90J CLASS -^ XXc. No. COPY A. K\ CJ>\ A Copyright, 1907, B.-S. Adams INTRODUCTION to Memories of Virginia Based on English Records of The Settlement of Virginia When the permanent settlement of James- town was made, 1607, the entire British pos- sessions in North America bore the name Vir- ginia, named by Sir Walter Raleigh, when the successful expedition under his direction first discovered the Capes, and the Island of Roanoke. Later King James granted charter to two separate companies — called the London and Plymouth Companies — "for settling Colonies of America." The London Company sent Capt. Christo- pher Newport to Virginia December 20, 1606, with a colony of one hundred and five persons to commence settlement on the Island of Roa- noke — now in North Carolina, the land dis- covered by Sir Walter Raleigh and his brother- in-law, Gilbert, 1585. The fleet of three ships, Sarah Constant, Discovery, and God Speed, through wind and tide were driven north of their place of destina- tion and entered Chesapeake Bay, where a beautiful peninsula was discovered and where the settlement of Jamestown was commenced, [3] May 13, 1607. The first permanent settle- ment of the country was called Jamestown in honor of King James, and made the center point of the New World possession. The Colony passed through many trials and vicissitudes, alternating between hope and fear, courage and discouragement, until the year 1619, when affairs had progressed and plans culminated to justify the first form of govern- ment that was established and the first legis- lative council convened under the guiding hand of Governor Yeardley. The Council was called General Assembly. It was created to assist the Governor in the affairs of the Colony, and to stand united against the enemy of the white man. The Council and two burgesses, out of every Hundred or Plantation, to be chosen by the inhabitants to make up the General Assembly — "to decide all matters by the greatest num- ber of voices," but the Governor to have nega- tive voice; to have power to make orders and acts necessary "to imitate the policy of the form of government, laws, customs, manner of trial and other administration of justice used in England, and set forth by their letters of patents. No law to continue or be in force till ratified by a Quarter Court to be held in Eng- land and returned under seal." But, "After the Colony is well framed and settled, no order of Quarter Court in England shall bind until ratified by the General As- sembly." Governer Wyatt succeeded Yeardley, who returned to England. The following instructions, under seal of crown dated July 24, 1621, sent to Governor [4] Qiemorie$ of l^irginia Wyatt by King James gave the basis of gov- ernment, and Virginians were satisfied with conditions that pointed to assured Progress and Prosperity, Instructions "To keep up reHgion of the Church of England as near as may be; to be obedient to the King and to do justice after the form of the laws of England; and not injure the natives, and to forget all old quar- rels now buried." "Not to permit any but the Council and heads of Hundreds to wear gold on their clothes, or to wear silk till they make it them- selves." "The Council to take care of every planta- tion upon the death of their chief; to sow great quantities of corn for their own use; to support the multitudes to be sent yearly; to keep cows, swine, poultry, and as to raising staple commodities, the chief officers ought to set example and to aim at the establishment of the Colony." "To make discoveries along the coast for fishery between the James River and Cape Cod, And lastly, to see that the Earl of Pembroke's thirty thousand acres be very good." "The Governor and Council to appoint proper times for administration of justice and provide for the entertainment of the Council during their session ; to be together one whole month about State affairs and law suits ; to keep register of the acts of Quarter Session, and send home copies." "The Governor only to summon the Coun- cil, and sign warrants and execute or give au- thority to execute Council orders, except in cases that do belong to the Marshall, Treasurer, [5] or deputies, the Governor to have absolute authority to determine and punish all contempt of authority, except the Councillors, vi^ho are to be tried at the Quarter Sessions and cen- sured, the Governor to have but the casting voice in Council or Court, but in the Assem- bly a negative voice." "The Governor to administer the following oath to the Council : "You shall swear to be a true, faithful ser- vant unto the King's Majesty, as one of his Council for Virginia. You shall in all things to be moved, treated and debated in that Council concerning Virginia or any of the territories of America between the degrees of thirty-four and forty-five from the equinoc- tial line northward or the trade thereof, faithfully and truly declare your mind and opinion according to your heart and con- science, and shall keep secret all matters com- mitted and revealed to you concerning the same, and that shall be treated secretly in that Council or this Council of Virginia; and pub- lication shall not be made thereof; and upon all matters of importance before you resolve thereupon you shall make his Majesty's privy council acquainted therewith, and follow their directions therein." "You shall to your utmost bear faith and allegiance to the King's majesty, his heirs and lawful successors, and shall assist and defend jurisdictions and authorities granted unto his Majesty and annext unto the Crown, against all foreign princes, persons, prelates or poten- tates whatsoever, be it by act of Parliament or otherwise, and generally in all things you shall be as a faithful and true servant and [6] 0^emorje0 of l^irginia subject ought to do. So help you God and the holy contents of this Book." The Instructions were intended as the gen- eral principles for the Government of the Col- ony ; but before practically employed peace and tranquillity was changed into a period of de- vastation and mourning. A concerted attack on the settlements by the Indians destroyed in one hour, and almost in the same instant, 347 persons who were incapable of making re- sistance. The Massacre of Jamestown on March 22, 1622, stands recorded as "the most bloody" in the annals of our country, when each plantation was attacked at a given hour and signal, and every door post was marked with blood. After the Massacre of Jamestown, King James appointed Colonel Matthews one of three Commissioners to visit Virginia "to report the true condition of the London Company, of which he had much prejudice and greatly desired to revoke the charter, to dis- solve the Companies and take Virginia affairs into his own hands." To the date of the Mas- sacre, the London Company, composed of the nobility of England, held under rights of char- ter, granted by King James, 1606, the absolute power of control in Virginia, to manage af- fairs without interference of Crown, the ap- pointment of sole and absolute Governor by the Company, and all Deputy Governors. Lord Delaware was soon after appointed by the Company Governor-General of Virginia. He gave satisfaction and his death was much regretted 161 8. Yeardley succeeded him and the Colony prospered under his regime. He called the [7] Memories of l^irginia First Assembly 1619, each plantation to be represented by two burgesses that seemed sat- isfactory, but the Governors of the Colony found England a more desirable residence than Virginia, and much was left to Deputies, and the spirit of unrest was apparently growing with the Indians and much discontent felt with the settlers, when the Massacre of 1622 aroused England to decided action. Then the King revoked Charters and ''took affairs into his own hands." Col. Samuel Matthews was commissioned by the Crown to proceed to Virginia "to report conditions," which he did, 1622. A man like Matthews was a Godsend to King James. He was a Royalist and Loyalist, well fitted to represent the Crown as a Special Commissioner, and no doubt his finding of facts gave satisfaction to the King. Upon his return to England "the King ap- pointed Col. Samuel Matthews, of Essex, England, commander-in-chief under the Crown, "to seize, occupy and hold Virginia," which he did. Governor Yeardley died 1627. Wyatt, Harvey, Bennett and Diggs succeeded as Governors of Jamestown ; Matthews Com- mander-in-chief at Point Comfort Fort under the king, with absolute military power. Colonel Matthews made his headquarters on the present site of Fortress Monroe, at that date named Fort Percy in honor of the first President of Smith's Mariners, a pioneer from Northumberland, England. When Colonel Matthews took possession the Fort was little more than a stockade, but he recognized the commanding position of the [8] Ciemorie0 of l^irginia Point as the gateway of Virginia, and repaired it for permanent use, where all new arrivals to Virginia had to first report ; then pay 64 pounds of tobacco for its maintenance, not only mak- ing it the first custom house, but a financial success, and later, 1632, he rebuilt and made it a fortress. At this period Colonel Matthews was thirty years of age, and the "King's Representa- tive," was evidently a ifavorite at Court." He was not only Captain-General "to found and hold counties," but in 1624 he was a mem- ber of the Royal Commission that was ap- pointed by King James the year before his death, when the Company was abolished and the Royal Government established known as the Royal Council. The Royal Councillors included Yeardley, former Governor; Sandys, head of the Com- pany; Matthews, Percy, Harvey, Smith, Hamor, Madison, Martin and Claybourne, Sec- retary of the Council. To be a member of the Royal Council was an order of nobility in Virginia, and the title of Colonel to desig- nate distinction. By right of his official posi- tion Colonel Matthews was a Royal Coun- cillor, member of the General Court, the House of Burgesses ; and Director General of Surveyors and Commander-in-chief of the forces. History enumerates the above distinc- tions and closes with the following: "Colonel Matthews held every important office in the Colony from 1622 to 1660. The Royal Councillors enjoyed the confi- dence of the King and Colony. History says : "Matthews' reports as Chief Councillor were loyal and reliable," and progress was estab- [9] Memories of IPirginia lished. King James died 1625, King Charles took Virginia affairs into his own hands. The London Company was abohshed, the Vir- ginia Charter declared null and void. The new King gave more power to the Royal Coun- cillors, and to Matthews he gave the same con- fidence his father had awarded "The King's Commissioner," and designated him "The Guardian of Virginia." This Great Pioneer of Results, one of a fam- ily of many shields and quarterings, was true to the motto of his race. "Every soil is native land to the hero." He was destined to organize and carry a colony through perilous trials; a man who organized fourteen counties on the James River, and through union of the counties he laid the Arch of the Dominion, the cornerstone of the United States. The Church made Jamestown, James- town made the counties, the counties made Virginia, Virginia made the Colonies, the Col- onies made the United States Republic of America. The early history of the Dominion and rec- ords of the British pioneers are better known in England than America, but this tercenten- nial year of our nation's birth has awakened interest in the founding days of our country, when all North America, possessed by the Brit- ish Crown, was known as Virginia. The pe- riod of occupation from 1607 to 1624, the date when Royal Government was established, to a great degree was merged into the colonization period, dating from 1660 — the date of Restor- ation — when under King Charles II, Berkeley, Culpepper, Spottswood, Dinwiddle and other Governors won extended recognition in Amer- [10] Memories of l^irginia ican history as the founders of the Dominion, but the men of the 17th century, under Royal Government, had laid solid foundation on which the colonies could rest. We are now turning the pages of history backward with educational results that will benefit our people, and it is easy to send "messages" and create "memories" through research to awaken pride in the founders of our country. Virginia, named by Sir Walter Raleigh in honor of Elizabeth, Virgin Queen of England — the patron of his ambitions and achieve- ments, but King James, her successor, had lit- tle veneration for her memory, and "The Queen's Favorite" became the King's victim, and as a consequence when Captain Smith and his mariners reached Virginia, many changes followed to honor King James. Powhatan River, the gateway of the possession, was named James River. Raleigh was abandoned and Jamestown was made the center point of action. Wessex, the west; Essex, the east; Norfolk, the north; Suffolk, the south; Mid- dlesex, the middle, to designate plantations. "In Memory of Home," and to the end of the foundation of British Colonies of America, English names succeeded the Indian. References : English Records of Virginia. Records of Essex County, Virginia. Archives of the College of William and Mary. Seven- teenth Century Colonies of America. Camp- bell's History of Colony and Ancient Dominion of Virginia. British Calendar of State Pa- pers. Hening's Statutes. The Cradle of the Republic. Burke's Armory of England. [II] HiSTORICA HTCH HON. SAMUFX MATTHEWS Guardian or Vircikia 1622-1660 In this sketch I have only been able to outline the life work and character of the British pioneer, the Guardian of Virginia. Matthews, the Chieftain of Great Results, vas a ^' ' - ■ ■ - - ^ ihe \\ c aq of the Ap Ai in history from G:i]:ihad (r, , |||Iltfil|irimr0 '■'^- 'd Lr;. who A yirgmian A lineal descendant and worthy son of a long line of fighting ancestors and founding sires, in whom I find many char- acteristics or his distmguished ancestor, , she Governor Samuel Matthews , marrieH Captain General and.Goiierjior^ of l[i/^ig^^^^ j.j^g pn>pnetor of "West Over." After her death toi. Matthews married the widow of Captain tercy, of Percy Hundred, uniting three -- - estates in one name, Matthews of Dei The Ci^.^.• ?.:'o,-. ,-,1 :■ t;'.^ g'inia -essed with lIu i'l Virginia." u. 'cell's History reco; •' *" ^'^ ' " y T649: :h hem]) crops ui wiieatand barley. Kept a tannery, had forty negro ^^ jje brought up to mechanical tra [^ a lar.o-e herd of cows, a fine dairy and abundant hogs and poultry. He supplied his own ^h- • ilso vessels trading to Virginia"; and is fi; [14] Memories of l^itginia described "as a man who kept a good house, Hved bravely and was a true lover of Vir- ginia." I will here add this estate was left to his son, Col. Samuel, together with a great estate in Matthews County, which was the heritage of John Matthews, a grandson of Governor, the ancestor of William B. Matthews, my friend of Virginia memories. Francis, another son of Colonel Matthews, had a large estate of some two thousand acres in the County of Northumberland. He was a tobacco planter, and his horses and herds are referred to in history as notable. The son of Thomas, a nephew of Gov- ernor Matthews, married the daughter of Francis Matthews, and through this inter- marriage the ancestors of Rev. John Matthews of Essex County, Virginia, the rector of St. Anne's Church in the colonial period — de- scended — and records show that for over one hundred and fifty years members of the family held the position of Clerk of the Court, and intermarried with nearly every other prominent family, at that date, of Virginia ; the Timsons, Moseleys, Batterlys, Baldwins, Braxtons, Mi- cous, Buckners, Jamesons, Carters, Bushrods, Smiths, Burgess, Garnetts, Woods, Muscoes, Bagleys, Turners, Graves, and others equally prominent to give extended connection. The Percy Hundred Estate of Mrs. Mat- thews, opposite Newport News, known after her marriage with Colonel Matthews as Fleur de Hundred, comprised 2200 acres, an outpost of Point Comfort Fort, overlooking the beau- tiful Hampton Roads "over the bay." Weyan- oke of Indian fame, the site of the Exposition [15] Grounds, this estate united with Denbigh — em- bracing at present Newport News, Hampton and Point Comfort — once the hunting grounds of Powhatan became the home of Matthews. It is presumed Colonel Matthews made Fleur de Hundred one of his home houses, where he dis- pensed the unbounded hospitality for which he was famous. History states in 1648 he enter- tained "Beauchamp Plantagenet at Fleur de Hundred, where his kinsman was a welcome guest, and all other royal refugees who sought Virginia during the Civil War found welcome." Governor Matthews owned large shipping interests and frequently returned to England to keep in touch with home affairs, and the progress made under his direction in Virginia was regarded "A Mighty Work." Counties were being organized and peopled on the river ; forts built; the Church of Jamestown rebuilt in 1639, and prosperity marked every mile- stone of advance under the Royal Government, when Civil War under Cromwell's agitation in 1642 changed the history of England. Virginia so far removed from Great Britain was not very much affected by the war ; in fact many distinguished persons emigrated from England to escape war at home, and increased her prosperity. Virginians were loyal to King and Crown, but too feeble to declare power, much less defend Cromwell's aggression. His- tory, however, relates, "One of Matthews' ships was confiscated for Cromwell's use; this he re- covered and four hundred pounds sterling 'for the trouble,' " a good demonstration of indivi- dual power, and the policy maintained of Vir- ginia independence in the days of Civil War, Still there was unrest over rumors of mas- [16] sacre and rebellion and much apprehension felt that was realized on Good Friday, April 24, 1644, at a period when war was raging in England, and anxiety in Virginia. Matthews was prepared for the attack and his followers not surprised; still a key note of danger was sounded, and with courage the settlers accepted the gauntlet and a vigorous war upon the In- dians lasted until 1646. Berkeley was Governor of Jamestown; Matthews on "the war path." "We are fighting ifor England," he said to his people, and his enthusiasm for home and coun- try was contagious. His first object was to hold Virginia a "Fifth power of Britain" ; a king- dom home for Charles First, one secure from fatalities of war. It is set forth in history, "Matthews was the greatest opposer of Crom- well and the leader of the persecution of the Puritans." No doubt he was as dictatorial as "a Czar," for true to his heritage and birth- right he would stand firm and true for Eng- land in her "dark hour," and aid to the fullest extent of his ability. A man to count no effort to serve the Crown ; but Virginians in their most melancholy fancies never dreamed nor visioned the fate awaiting their King until the blow fell with crushing force, to daze heads and make hearts faint. It is related when the fearful news reached Virginia in 1649 — ^^^^^ months after the tragedy that left England without a King — men were dazed. Governor Berkeley would no longer act under Cromwell and retired from service, then it was that Mat- thews in his sorrow showed the greatness of his character to seize and accept conditions. "We must stand together," he said. "We must save Virginia. We must be prepared [17] Memories! of l^irginia to meet conditions and make most of op- portunities. Virginians are loyal to Charles of dear memory ; to us our King still lives and it should be considered and imagined .■hat he reigns as he has since the death of his father." Again he said : "We want clear heads and bold hearts to ever be ready to meet the enemies of England and every man at his post." At this period cavaliers were high livers and excessive drinking men, but from an order given by the Captain-General it will be seen that he believed men on duty should be par- takers, only to a moderate degree, of liquid re- freshments. "A member of the Council or Burgess, disguised with overmuch drink, for- feits one hundred pounds of tobacco." It is safe to presume much of the Virginia weed, the currency of the country, was forfeited. It is also evident while sentiment filled Mat- thews' heart over the death of his King, that he practically looked the future squarely in the face, and arranged for the welfare of Vir- ginia, which was ever paramount in his words and deeds. It is related his courage was phe- nomenal and no man more brave and defiant in the discharge of duty at a period of affairs when a man and monarch was called for, and could be met in the Captain-General. His en- tire record was fearless and direct to serve King and Crown, and after the death of Charles First to stand for Virginia "In the name of God and the Colonists." It was known to Cromwell that Matthews was an open enemy, of unblemished character and great achievements; an intrepid, fear- less leader, a conqueror of Indians and a man of conquest, all of which he demonstrated when [i8] the surrender of Virginia was demanded by Cromwell's Parliament and the Confiscation Act of March 12, 1652, entered upon. Mat- thews, as chief, was at Point Comfort Fort ready to meet the enemy, and boldly entered upon the responsibilities to make and accept conditions "In the Right of Virginia," and if any doubt of results was felt he made no sign, and met the enemy without fear or favor. It is related that one of the Governors ex- pressed doubt of his fearlessness in the meeting of the enemy, and suggested "that more policy was required," when he threw his arm around him saying, "we won't let them hurt you. Gov- ernor." At the Council of April 30, 1652, Captain- General Matthews, Col. John West, brother of Lord Delaware, and Colonel Yeardley, son of Governor Yeardley, acted as Councillors of Virginia "to treat with the enemy." Each a faithful adherent to "the waiting King" ; each devoted to the welfare of Virginia, and fully determined to secure the most that could be secured in her interest. "If an oath of allegiance be required," Mat- thews said in Council, "it shall be to Virginia. Then let us trust in ourselves and wait with ab- solute confidence ifor the restoration of our King, the Stuart to whom we owe allegiance." As a result of fearless determination much was obtained and the Colonies not interfered with to any great degree. A full right to ap- point all officers for Virginia was conceded to the Councillors. The Church of England Prayer Book was retained, and worship with- out interruption secured, and true to England's Crown Matthews stood for the son of King [19] Charles of Blessed Memory, a tiTisted Guar- dian of Virginia. Matthews Governor for Life After the informal so-called surrender of Virginia, it is related that under the influence of Bennett, a Cromwell man, and some small land owners, unrest was felt and trouble anti- cipated, when the Burgess — then in control of Virginian affairs — hesitated over some action that was required in the interest of the Colo- nists, proposed by the Captain-General. Mat- thews asserted his power and declared the dis- solution of the Assembly so forcibly that the concession he demanded was not only passed, but the House of Burgesses then and there passed the following law : "That the power of Government for the fu- ture should be conferred upon Col. Samuel Matthews, who by them was invested with all rights and privileges belonging to the Governor and Captain-General of Virginia, and requested to hold the office, to which he is unanimously elected — for life — or so long as he lives in Vir- ginia." The oath of office was administered to Gov- ernor Matthews by a Committee of the Coun- cil, appointed by the Burgess — "Men of Vir- ginia." The Royal Council was made up of loyal Virginians : Hon. Samuel Matthews, Captain-General and Governor of Virginia; Richard Bennett, Colonel William Clay- bourne. Secretary of State; Col. Thomas Pet- tus. Col. Edward Hill, Col. Thomas Dew, Col. William Bernard, Col. Obedience Robbins, CoL [20] ^emotie0 of Virginia John Walker, Col. Abraham Wood, Col. John Carter, Col. Anthony Elliott, and Mr. Washam Harsmeder. It is explained, "Mr. Harsmeder was a man of wealth and good standing; the name of Richard Bennett, without title or comment, in- vites the inference that two Cromwell men, the Alpha and Omega of Governor Matthews Councillors, may have been a condition in the Surrender Act." A new era dawned upon the Colony. The Virginians knew and trusted the life-elected Governor, and no man enjoyed more confi- dence, respect and affection than "the Dead King's Representative" ; but it is said, "it was hoped by Cromwell, without much expectation, that Virginia would rebel," but in this hope Parliament was disappointed and the Dictator accepted the independence of Virginia without hostile action. In relation to rebellion in Virginia, Ludwell, Secretary of State, reporting upon the matter declared officially: "There are three influences restraining the smaller land owners from ris- ing in rebellion, namely : faith in the mercy of God, loyalty to their King, and affection for their Governor." Governor Matthews continued to observe all the formalities of church and state, for in a way it seemed to honor "the Dead King." The Sunday service was one of ceremony, the Gov- ernor and Councillors attending in a body ac- companied by an escort "to the number of fifty." The Governor was seated in the chair of state of gilt and velvet, under a canopy and emblazoned coat of arms. The communion service of gold presented by the King made the [21] ®emorie0 of Ipirginia remembrance "in His name" a double commem- oration. Then came the waiting time for the wished- on-wished Restoration. The day came when news of Cromwell's death reached Virginia, and the belief was general that Parliament, like the Protectorate, would end, for it was apparent when Richard Cromwell succeeded his father that he would not, or could not long hold "the Dictatorship of England" ; hence the King and Crown men waited for the Restora- tion with faith and patience; perhaps no one with more loyal pride than Matthews, who stood for England during the tragedy of Civil War, during the crimes of Parliament and hor- rors of anarchy, the last Governor who acted under the Royal Council, under the Protec- torate, under the Parliament, and from the Burgess stood vested with kingly power over Virginia when England was making and writ- ing history with sword and blood. A loyal son who died before finis was written. Gov- ernor Matthews died suddenly March 13, 1660, two months before the Restoration. The Burgess announced his death in one ex- pression of great sorrow : "England without a King; Virginia without a Governor." All attested the affection he won and held for thirty-eight years, and all admitted the re- sults he had achieved to close a life noble in ac- tion and rich in rewards. He died without real- izing the hope of his life, but lived long enough to realize the time had come and the people ready "to hail the King." He lived long enough to serve his country faithfully and to leave a name to pass over the cable of time until records of the world perish. [22] ^emoriesi of l^irginia He made the silent return to his British home to sleep well with his kindred. He left the coast of Virginia mourned, loved and re- gretted. Nor was the dead Governor forgot- ten in the great event when England had a King, and amid the joy notes that sounded over the James, September 20, 1660, there was a requiem in hearts : "He comes no more." A name beloved as no other Virginian from 1622 till 1660. A great man of a great race Samuel Matthews, "Founder of Jamestown, the Birthplace of our Nation" Note. The Royal Government established 1624 Civil War in England 1642 King Charles beheaded 1649 Matthews died March 1660 Restoration Charles 2d, May 1660 From 1660 a new regime stand recorded, namely : The Colonial Government permanently es- tablished under Governor Spottswood, 17 10, to mark the Second Century of Great Britain's occupation in the Western World. [23] MEMORIES OF VIRGINIA CONTENTS Looking Backward Discovery of North America FiRST MEMORY." By John Cabot, the great navigator, sent out by Great Britain "to look Northward." 1497. Drake, Raleigh, Cavendish and Gilbert sent out by Great Britain "to discover." 1584. John Smith and Mariners " FiRST Memory." Sent out by Great Britain "to occupy." 1607. Matthews " SECOND Memory." Sent out by Great Britain "to seize and hold." 1622. College of William and Mary " ThiRD MEMORY." 1693. The Revolution of the Colonies "FOURTH MEMORY." 1776. The Founding of the Republic " FiFTH MEMORY." Second War of Independence "SiXTH MEMORY." 1812. Looking Forward War Between the States 1861. Jamestown Celebration 1907. Memories of l^irginia FIRST MEMORY Founding Days. Turn back the page of history, To Fourteen Hundred Ninety-seven, When Cabot touched the Greenland shore, His pilot guide the light of heaven ; Recall the dangers of the land; Recall the perils of the sea, To seize and hold the new found land, The north New W^orld discovery. Sir Walter Raleigh on the land, Bold Drake the viking of the sea. The pioneers of New World fame. To hold the great discovery. Drake, Gilbert, Raleigh and Cavendish, Historic men of enterprise. The men of opportunity, A world conquest before their eyes. The Benjamins of New World fame, Who left the Isaacs of the Old, To found a kingdom of conquest, A western empire long foretold. The call "Sail on" again was heard, The year of Sixteen hundred Seven, John Smith, the Captain Pioneer, The pilot chief to find a haven. After the Jamestown massacre. Matthews, "he heard the call, "March On," He left the Old World for the New, His race to stand American. Let us revere his memory, The British chief of founding sires, The king makers of ancient Gaul, Since Charles IMartel led pioneers. [25] Memories! of l^irginia Turn back the leaves of time today, Recall Smith mariners of old, The tempest tossed who reached Old Point, Who came to seize, who came to hold. Great Powhatan, the monarch king, Who welcomed Smith and his brave band. Foresaw the aim of Vikings bold In quest of gold, in quest of land. Jamestown the white man's cradle home, Historic town of founding days. In Pocahontas found a friend. To cast o'er Smith protecting rays. Child of the Sun, with heart of gold, With heroes courage undefiled, A daughter of the wilderness, A Princess of the forest wild. Recall the story of the James, The legend of the famous river; The romance of the Indian girl. The keynote — then as now — "Forever." The marriage of the forest child, To lure her from her father's home; A marriage of diplomacy, To secure terms with Great Powhatan. The princess pined for kith and kin; Yet loyal from an English view. Her heart turned back to Accomack, The call of blood she heard was true. She died in England, "The Beloved," She left a son of honored name: Sir Thomas Rolfe of British birth. His sire, John Rolfe, of Jamestown fame. John Rolfe fell in the massacre. Sixteen hundred twenty-two. When Jamestown met a cruel fate, [26] Memories; of l^irginia Revenge the Indian point of view. Recall that awful massacre, The fatal year from every view ; When Indians fought for their own lands, Their river homes — they stood for true. A war cry sounded on the coast, The torch gave signal of alarm; The onset led by warriors brave, Avengers of their island home. The Indians chieftains, then as now, Believed in home rights of the free; They claimed their happy hunting grounds, The heritage of destiny. When England realized her loss. The Government changed point of view ; "King James dissolved the Company," He called for men of courage true. Matthews commissioned by the Crown, First captain of the conquest helm, To seize and hold Virginia lands, A monarch of the New World realm, The call of Colonists he heard, An echo from the Indian nation; With supreme power, "In the King's name," To guard and guide the new plantation. [27] Memories of l^itginia SECOND MEMORY Matthews, a son of fighting sires, From founding days of the Old World. Men of conquest, men of crusades. Descendants of Welsh chieftains bold. Men of King Alfred's day, that stood With Galahad, the Ap Matthew, Disciple of the Druid creed, To soil brave men are ever true. The native sons of Albion, The mountain men of British fame ; Welshmen who fought for Harold bold. The northmen of King Edward's name. The Welsh mountains their kingdom home, Ages before the conqueror won ; Defenders of old Briton's lands. Chiefs long before the quest of Rome. After the conquest, 1066, The Matthew chief of valor won, A daughter Oif Louis of France, To give to Wales an allied son. A knight, he stood in the crusades. Under the banner of Lorraine. A shield he won, a crest of might. The Holy Bull of Roman fame. David, first lord of Cardingshire, Ninth removed from Galahad's reign ; Great great grandson of Louis VL Allied with Baldwin of Lorraine. Sir John, grandson of David First, Won English bride on Dover's shore ; The Alpha Matthews to unite. The mountain bull with lion and bear. [28] ^emorie0 of l^irginia Sir John stood for "North country men," A Welsh-Norman from EngHsh view; Under the motto of his race, To soil brave men are ever true. With House of York on British fields, He stood for kinsmen of Lorraine. He fought for the Plantagenets, Edward the Fourth of White Rose fame. Matthews of this great allied race, Ambitions and achievements won, In his own name — in his own right The Chieftain bold of old Jamestown ; A man who heard the call "March on," The old war cry of famous sires. He heard the call all founders hear. To light the soul with sacred fires. Matthews' first order "seize again." The Indian lands claimed by the Crown, "The Hunting Grounds" along the coast, The empire lands of Powhatan. When paths were hedged with ambush foes. In the dense wilderness of strife. Each forest path a trail of blood. To have and hold the price of life. They marked with blood each rood of land. The chief with Gideon's sword so true ; They made each tree a musket shield, Each Indian trail a target view. Tidewater counties first to form, The basic arch of the new nation ; The river lands of Powhatan, The cradle home of occupation. With Civil War raging at home, A second massacre ever near. The chief an iron man of war, [29] ^emorieg of Virginia A man insensible of fear. When Indian war became a fact, He called "to arms" the pioneers. They fought as one, "In England's name," The brave Virginia cavaliers. Recall the Pilgrims of the James, To mark the course of onward still ! The trail of English pioneers, From Old Point Comfort to King's Mill. The city now of Williamsburg, The landmark of the onward march! The first incorporated town, The corner stone of royal arch. Matthews won fruits of true success, He stood a self-reliant man; The guardian of the New World claim. Who seized and held Virginia's land. With kingly power, for "welfare" true. With record of unblemished fame. Defender bold of England's right, An enemy of Cromwell's reign. In days of the Surrender Act, He boldly claimed : "Virginia's free ; We won our lands, we won our rights. The price of blood and victory" ! He claimed results in New World name. He made demands without one fear. He stood the captain of his soul. The brave Virginia cavalier. He stood the leader of results, The Captain General to '54: Then voice and vote proclaimed the chief, The life-elected Governor. Through his long reign progress was sure, Each final act his own decree; [30] Memories of l^irginia One head, one hand, trusted by all, He won the fruits of victory. The Captain-General Governor, King of Dominion cavaliers, Under the crown of James and Charles, ,, Elected by the pioneers. J| He died a chieftain true to crown, In sixteen hundred and sixty. The Joshua of Jamestown coast, The pioneer of victory. [31] 9^emorie$ of l^irginia A Virginia Episode The grandson of great Powhatan, The Anglo-Indian brave and free, Came to his mother's Jamestown home, The founder of a family tree. His child, Jane Rolfe, the root and branch. The bride that Robert Boiling won. Grandchild of Pocahontas brave, The great grandchild of Powhatan. The Boiling race — Americans, Sons of the soil through mother's right, Allied with British kin of fame, To found a race of blood and might. The sons of pioneers were brave. True cavaliers to build a nation; With faith in king and queen to found A college home of education. To guide the sons of pioneers. Upon the lines of old home life, With courage born of confidence, To win the battlefields of strife. The English crown heard call of race, The call of a new generation; A voice that touched the heart of king. The early call of education. Turn back the page of history, Recall the College of the Crown, The cradle home of education. Pride of the first colonial town. L 32 ] ^emoriesf of l^icginia TfTTRH MFMORY. vViLLIAM AND MaRY and ninety-three, 5h view, - own, liiey stood the sponsers true. ■ of William and Mary, >burg, the Alpha town, rter and g:reat seal, ■^^enf (if ih, r-. .,> ,^ William and Mary College minion. oi iears ; Crown, ty years. ■'"-' ^ia,^^ icit caiTipus field, 1 of true courage and dauntless will, paths of destiny, o Onward ! Onward Still ! college badge, the coat of arms, ' -^oration prize of life. 'h just pride by New World sons, len to win the strife. " "- commission won, irks of high degree. Memories of Virginia THIRD MEMORY. College of William and Mary In sixteen hundred and ninety-three, William and Mary from English view, Founded the College of the Crown, For which they stood the sponsers true. The College of William and Mary, At Williamsburg, the Alpha town, With royal charter and great seal, To stand exponent of the Crown. The Mecca of the Pioneers, The object lesson of opinion, Repository of events. The archive home of the Dominion. James Blair, the founding president, The man of hope in time of fears ; The commissary of the Crown, The president for fifty years. Class after class left campus field. Men of true courage and dauntless will^ To open paths of destiny, The motto Onward ! Onward Still ! The college badge, the coat of arms,. The decoration prize of life, Worn with just pride by New World sonSo The future men to win the strife. Washington his commission won, With famous Clarks of high degree, Surveyors of Dominion lands, Three exploring sons of destiny. [33] Q^emotie0 of l^irginia Oa William and Mary's honor roll, The First Greek letter founders stand, A society of college men, To guide events of native land. The Society a knowledge tree. To take its root in the Dominion, To spread like a green bay of might. The century tree of free opinion. Recall the leaders of onv^ard march! The bold brave sons to guide opinion, Men born to lead the advance quest, Native sons of the Dominion. The mind of man no seal can hold. Nature makes men bold, brave and free, The forest sons true champions. To voice the claim of liberty. The college sons grew bold apace, They stood for progress and demand. They claimed the rights of pioneers. The basic right of Matthev/s plan. Stamp Act protest of 65, Was a demand to make men bold. Twelve sons of William and Mary signed, The Revolutionary Roll. The college sons of North and South, In words and deeds made the demand, "The sons of founders shall be free," We stand the champions of our land. From Harvard's campus there arose The same demand in war like key, William and Mary answered back, "We stand with sons of liberty !" [34] Qiemorieg of l^itginia FOURTH MEMORY The Stamp Act gave cause for effect, It led the way to '73. Results soon followed in a train, Led by the sons of liberty. It was the voice of destiny, The founders call, "We will be free," The patriots call of '74, To voice the call of liberty. The Continental Congress convened. The famous congress of '74, Fifteen members, William and Mary men, Founders sons of old James shore. Randolph, the President of fame, A man insensible of fear, A famous son of William and Mary, Virginian of Virginians dear. A committee of correspondence formed. To guide the days of evolution, Eight William and Mary men enrolled, Pioneers of Revolution. A Committee of Safety next evolved. In seventeen hundred seventy-five, Seven sons of William and Mary enrolled Sam Adams chief and northern guide. The chancellor of Williamsburg, With father of the Revolution, Refused concessions of the crown, Each called for written constitution. They voiced demands of freedom's sons, To stand as one to meet the shock, A son of Jamestown Cavaliers, A Puritan of Plymouth Rock. [35] Memories of l^itginia The die was cast without regret, To cross the Rubicon of fate, To meet conditions with reserve. The countersign, "to watch and wait." The dial hand of time marked war. The blood red hand of revolution, The Minute Men gave the alarm. They struck the hour at Lexington. Bold Patrick Henry gave key note. He called for "death or liberty." Sam Adams answered back the call, "March on! March on! to victory!" The Declaration Rights of States, To have and hold stands now as then, The chairman true to commonwealths^ With thirty William and Mary men. The sons of founders then proclaimed,. "The United Colonies are free," The declaration one of might, To voice the claim of 73. The Declaration of Independence, Confirmed "the colonies are free," The author, a William and Mary man,. Jefferson of immortality. Four signers of that famous roll, The sons of William and Mary true, To stand for rights of colonists, From a republic point of view. "Rebels," they stood in '76, "Traitors to King," traitors to crown; But "Patriots" when France allied To win surrender of Yorktown. Let time increase our debt to France, That made rebellion — revolution, Through allied victory on the York, [36] O^tmotitu of l^icgtnia That won the cause of Lexington. Let us recall with gratitude, The men who came in our great need, T^ -'■ ' -M faith of L?'-" word, nur f . -. - - , . lid crew, >r in the stonn of war. v> of a nation jomtly won; Uiitkr two flags we meet again, And now as then to stand as one. '«'' ham beau, '\'\ ' our need, To m strong, A> '' ' . ' " . 1^^ YoRKTOWN Monument The The ; The t ,Si. JV I'-M V Turn txack the r.ip^e sf K' To seventeen To men v,-^ ;. n^m to win, Our FreT^ Id Yorktown. Now on day of our might, ^^^'^ ■ pride the allies kin, ms of France, the men of war, '"■ur patriot sires to win. at to the Allies, lo cradle of Republic sires. Men listened t'3 "the Tyler's son,'' In 1893 the Congress of the United States, chiefly through the influence ot Senator George F. Hoar, aided by the active efforts of Gen. Marcus J. Wright, Historian of War Records C. S. A., United States War Department, gave the College of William and Mary $64,000. Since that time the College has steadily improved. The State has increased its annuity to $25,000 per annum. Senator Hoar was also instrumental in securing an appropriation from Congress to build a sea-wall to protect Jamestown Island. In both actions Ijie Senator from Massachusetts stood in evidence of a true .American. O: __ But pride ''" ' '" me CM'ii: child, Stands sponsor for the gift of crown, And loyal to the founders trust, Regards with pride the college home. [43] JIAOH .1 H0«030 >ioi/^.^.a3 ■»'jn3ohni idt rfsuoirfJ xftairia ,?9Jbj<; b'))iiiU sHj to eesisnoO srfi f.Q8I nl L suDieM .naO io iiioft^ svitst arfj yd babir. .ieoH .1 •»ai05'.^ lOlsnag iu .]fi*>ninsq')Cl ieW i^itli bsjinU ,.A i: .'J 8bio:joM ie W io iieiioi>!iH .iriyh// •jyiito'^ ')ril smil icrii ajtiiis .000, W? xtcl/. bne niuilliW to ngslloO jHi 3yEs T»(( ViiO.c'ii oJ yiiunnn «li biSBsi^ini aerf atcii sriT .bsvoiqmi flibj!^)^ seri moll aoijKiiqoiqqK ris anliu'jse ni Uinsmuil^ni oeU acw icoH io)sn3cS .rnuiini: in.>in% Hiori nl .biicUl (i*o)e3m£l 1-jaRnq 01 llEWESi i bliiirf u) eesisno'j ne^i'umA luii u to »:)i»3biv9 ni booi* iJjDiuiijuaaH (ti.ii lotEnsg 9di lltWi BiBilWiTirfifTm-i Memories; of l^itginia His aim and object to restore, The former pride in college arch, Make history the corner stone, A mile-stone of the century march. He gave a message to the world, The founding work of old Jamestown, The history of Williamsburg, And wreck of the old college home. An author to touch hearts of men, With pen to light the sacred fires, To turn hearts backward with new pride. To cradle of Republic sires. Men listened to "the Tyler's son," His message touched State pride again^ The call was heard, response was made. Congress stood sponsor of war claim. Judge Hoar, the grand old Harvard man, Deplored the great historic loss, For reimbursement he stood firm, The college won a monied cost. No money could archives restore. Or reimburse the loss of flame, But pride in early memories, Caused Congress to accept the claim. Virginia true to her first child, Stands sponsor for the gift of crown, And loyal to the founders trust, Regards with pride the college home. [43] ^emotie$ of l^irginia LOOKING FORWARD. To President Tyler. Now listen to the voice again, The voice of nineteen hundred seven, Two worlds unite in harmony, Under the starry flag of heaven. The western flag of U. S. fame, The flag that won on land and sea, The flag of welcome to the world, In this our year of jubilee. Again the Britons seek the James, Where English sons of noble sires. Founded a colony to stand, A monument to pioneers. Again our French friends seek the York, To visit the historic river. Where echoes linger o'er the shore, To welcome sons of France forever. Again brave soldiers seek Old Point, The Alpha harbor of renown, Cast anchors in the Hampton Roads, The river road to old Jamestown, The harbor known to all the world. Where naval skill changed war on sea. Through Merrimac and Monitor, The ironclads of history. Two monsters of the sea that fought. In eighteen hundred sixty-two, In harbor of the pioneers. Where Smith found shelter with his crew. The Point of Comfort Matthews held, Where British sons met Indian foe. Where famous footsteps still are heard. To echo back from Fort Monroe. [44] H'AA'fT n /oyJ T/iMai2a^4 Q^emoties! of l^irginia LOOKING FORWARD. To President Tyler. Now listen to the voice again, The voice of nineteen hundred seven, Two worlds unite in harmony, Under the starry flag" of heaven. The western U. S. f The flag tha ^ ' The fla? of ^ President Lyon G Tyler Again our French friends seek the York, To visit the historic river, Where echoes linger o'er the shore, To welcome sons of France forever. Again brave soldiers seek Old Point, The Alpha harbor of renown. Cast anchors in the Hampton Roads, The river road to old Jame^ The harbor known to all th; Where naval skill changed \ Through Merrimac and M The ironclads of history. Two monsters of the sea t In eighteen hundred sixty In harbor of the pioneers. Where Smith found sh< ' nis crew. The Point of Comfort - s held, Where British sons met Indian foe. Where famous footsteps still are heard. To echo back from Fort Monroe. [44] ^emotie0 of l^irginia The harbor home of memories, The gateway of the Old Dominion, The mother of States and Presidents, To guide American opinion. Our History unique in fame, Let us with pride baptize anew, Found scholarships for future men, From international point of view. Found scholarships to pioneers, To British men under the crown, To men who built our flag of stars, To French allies of old Yorktown. Let founders' kin unite as one. To monumentalize the past. Honor the names two worlds revere^ To hold the chain of memory fast. In memory of the founding sires, To bind the present to the past. Our anchor patriotic pride, To hold the chain of friendship fast. Cambridge and Williamsburg rejoice. In this our year of jubilee; Jamestown and Plymouth Rock unite. In bonds of old fraternity. May pride awake Greek-letter men, From lake to gulf, from shore to shore. The South to answer back the North, We stand as in the days of yore. May voices echo back the past. Recalling birth of "Letter Day," Old Williamsburg the natal town, Cradle of fraternity. May echoes of the olden vows. Be heard along the old York shore. This opportunity be seized, [45] Qiemorieg of Virginia To hold the chain for evermore. May sons return to cradle home, To weld anew each generation, The chain of friendship to unite. Through bonds of higher education. A new path opens to our view, Through deeds of our own generation, To mark the tercentennial year. An "alliance of education." To unite the New World with the Old, Through art, the wealth of a nation. Each scholarship competitive, The prize of higher education. Miss Smedley of Dominion kin. True daughter of a cavalier, Stands sponsor for a school of art. To honor this memorial year. The American National Institute, In honor of the Revolution, Amid environments of France, Under the flag of our own nation. Let Congress aid her noble work, To honor allies of Yorktown, A memorial to Lafayette, A monument to Jefferson. Knowledge is power to win and hold, It is the birthright of the free, Our sons' children of heritage, The men of opportunity! And as it was so it is now. And so it will forever be. Knowledge is path to great results, It is the path of destiny. The emblem of the Institute We here present with loyal pride, With kindest thanks to Count von Daur, An alHed friend with U. S. Bride. [46] 3T]^TiTaMl ja^qi'taK |^di^hmA hhT, ^emoties of l^ngutia To hold the chain for evermoi< . May sons return to cradle home, To weld anew each generation, The chain of friendship to unite, Through bonds of higher education. A new path opens to our view, Through deeds of our own generation, To mark the tercentennial year, Ail "alliance of education." To unite the New World with the Old, Through art, the v - ^"' ' - ^ - Each scholarship ' The pi Miss > Emblem Tnie OF St The American National Institute The Ame^^''^M^SY^^Rm In honor of the Revolution, Amid environments of France, Under the flag of our own nation. Let Congress aid her noble work, To honor allies of Yorktown, A memorial to Lafayette, A monument to Jefferson. Knowledge is power to win and hold. It is the birthright of t'- • • Our sons' children of 1 The men of opportunity ! And as it was so it is " v And so it will forever 1 Knowledge is path to grca: results. It is the path of destiny. The emblem of the Institute We here present with loyal pnne, With kindest thanks to Count von Daur, An allied friend with U. S. Bride. [46] ^emotie0 of WitQinia MEMORIAL RESULTS. To Hon. Wm. B. Matthews. Your invitation has been heard, To visit the old campus ground, The Letter Men have heard "The Call," "Remember College of the Crown." To honor culture fields anew, To tell the legends of the river. To seek and find the old land marks, Memorials to live forever. To you the College holds high place, The college of the Matthews line. The Alma Mater of your sire, And kinsmen since the founding time. Your brothers' canvas now adorns, The walls of memory and fame, With portraits of the Presidents, Those lost to State through war and flame. Other new friends come bearing gifts, Memorials of long ago, To tell the story of Jamestown, Where British sons met Indian foe. At King's Mill in the forest wild, The Mecca point of pioneers, The first colonial capital, A town of fame three hundred years. With new made friends two well-known men. Under the flag, under the crown. Two captains great of industry, Two library founders of renown. [47] A native son of Scotia's Isle, Son of success to high degree, Donates to the old campus grounds, The wished-on-wished new library. A monument to mark events. Since sixteen hundred ninety-three, A memorial to progress, The college gift of Carnegie. Your friend George Clinton Batcheller, A leading patriot of New York, A son of ancient pedigree, A Puritan of Plymouth Rock. Donates a large Endowment Fund, To light the lamp of history. To re-illume paths of the past, To honor State of Destiny. This portrait on the walls you place, George C. Batcheller, LL.D. An honor to a Northern Son. In this our year of jubilee, It turns the page of history, To Plymouth Rock, to old Jamestown, A page both North and South illumed. From Lexington to old Yorktown. J. Q. Adams of Flag House fame, Son of the Founder of Braintree, A lover of the North and South, Exponent of Fraternity. Presents a portrait of your friend To the old College of the Crown. The Daughter of a Pioneer, Her sire a man of Lexingfton. 'b' It is her pleasure to donate, A mirror with historic frame, Drake, Gilbert, Raleigh, Cavendish, [48] a^eniorie0 of l^itginia In hand-wrought bronze of age and fame, Four founding men of enterprise, "■'^-^ - ■' • ' - ' -—A sea, ftf the world, I our laaiou^s iot^i oi 5 Home, iive m hearts dearest of all. '•"orrave it on a field of gold, I oak of Powhatan. - souvenir of Founding Days, • , TTipm, iry of a noble man. ■ws medal **to pass on," Historical Mirror, -^' ■ , '^' ' Town. Presented to William and Mary College by- Mrs. Flora Adams Darling 1907 ;ind state to thine. 'i nf memories, ' t)f Jamestown, - hter of the mother church, ;.v .-v^.^nd church under the crown, ^'here pioneers met God in prayer, '- ith in King and Crown was true, r^ of William and Mary met, rid state their point of view, rk State Chapter with pride r for the Warden's Pew, 'f first founding sires, l the Patiiots true, e now commemorates, OSS, under the Crown, r -o] ^O^^lM JA3I^OT8lH |[d 939! lo3 T{ifiM bn£ mfiilliW oJ baj gniliECI gmfibA Bion .ziM ^emorie0 of l^irginia In hand-wrought bronze of age and fame, Four founding men of enterprise, The pioneers of land and sea, That changed the history of the world, Four famous men of destiny. But, my friend, of all the pictures We hang today on memory's wall, The old live oak of Matthew's Home, May live in hearts dearest of all. We'll engrave it on a field of gold, The giant oak of Powhatan, A souvenir of Founding Days, In memory of a noble man. A Matthews medal "to pass on," The fruits and flowers of memory, Through the old college of the Crown, The Kingdom Home of History. Again the wand of memory, Touches a church of olden time. To pay tribute to founding sires, A pew of church and state to thine. In Bruton Church of memories, The relic sponsor of Jamestown, The daughter of the mother church, The second church under the crown. Where pioneers met God in prayer, Where faith in King and Crown was true. Where sons of William and Mary met. The church and state their point of view. The New York State Chapter with pride Stands sponsor for the Warden's Pew, The Daughters of first founding sires. The Daughters of the Patriots true. A bronze plate now commemorates. Under the Cross, under the Crown, [49] ^emotieis! of Virginia The Warden's Pew of British Church. And Founding Captain of renown, A tribute to the church and state, To stand for time the Honor Pew. To chief of Royal Government, From Sixteen Hundred twenty-two. Until the year of Sixteen-sixty, When England won her King and Crown. Matthews, passed to a Higher Court, To Hail the Restoration dawn, He made the long silent return. The year of England's Jubilee. To rest with British kin "at home," To us he left a memory. [50I *" ^itsini^ niarkec . ' tiie early Church ^ndson of Governor MattJiews "er Qt Rev. John Mat- instr;,,.,. ^ ^'"^ '' 'arger tablet is Bruton Church, Williamsburgh, Va, '^g: the memorial" „o't '!','?! v^'n ""e ot America •^'VIIhasprec..,..,,^j5,^,^,^ ^ a read "i„ ^J "cfn '■ '^^^emor Mat- still extant "a hoK ,,r l.^,. of oi.i n,-,.- n- Memories! of l^irginia IN THE OLD BRUTON CHURCH OF MANY MEMORIES The Wardens Pew is marked by small plates giving the names of the early Church officers, one of which bears the name of Baldwin Mat- thews, 1695, grandson of Governor Matthews, the great great grandfather of Rev. John Mat- thews, of Essex County. On a larger tablet is inscribed : To the Glory of God and in Memory of HON. SAMUEL MATTHEWS, CAPTAIN-GENERAL AND GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA. 1622-1660. This memorial has been erected by Mrs. Le- Roy Sunderland Smith, President, and the New York State Chapter of the Daughters of Founders and Patriots of America, May 13, 1907. Each pew stands a memorial "To Great Virginians." The church has been most appropriately styled The Colonial Abbey of our country, making the memorial not only a Mecca but a shrine of America. King Edward VII has presented a Bible, and President Roosevelt a reading desk, "In Memo- rium." The Bible given by Governor Mat- thews, I am told, is still extant "a holy of holy relic." The Restoration of Old Bruton Church, un- der the direction of the Rector, W. A. R. Good- win, is one of the most pleasing tributes to the [51] 9^ e m r i e of 1^ i r g i n i a tercentennial year, and no one better equipped to carry out the memorial to honor the past. Mr. Goodwin is a member of a family of dis- tinguished Churchmen, with love of State and Country, to revere memories of the Founding Men of America. The expense of restoration is a free-will of- fering — $27,000, and a fund is being raised for the perpetual maintenance of the Mecca Church, that is not only regarded the Colonial Abbey of our country but a shrine to perpetuate eternal memories of great men and great deeds — men whom the world delight to honor. The Jamestown Church was occupied by the Royal Governors. The Bruton Church was erected thirty-three years after the death of Governor Matthews, by Governor Spottswood, making Bruton Church eldest daughter of the Jamestown church and "heir by right" held the relics and belongings of the Mother church, including the gold communion service and other relics of great value. The first Jamestown church of wood logs was built 1607; rebuilt in brick 1639; that be- came in time a ruin — only a tower left of her former glory. The Colonial Dames of Amer- ica have done a noble work in restoring the Island Church upon original lines. The chair of the Royal Governors will no doubt be placed therein as a feature of the period. Nor was Jamestown church without a bell to ring out tidings of joy and sorrow, and the reproduc- tion of the old bell, bearing the name of Poca- hontas, is a popular memorial, and while the Jamestown church may not stand so pre-emin- ent for Colonial memories as the Williams- [52] Q^emorie$ of l^irginia burg church, the church of the Colonial Gov- ernors, it will always be a point of interest to Pilgrims of the James, as the first church of the Pioneers of our country. At the two hundred and thirteenth annual commencement of the Old Crown College of William and Mary, at Williamsburg, Virginia, June 8th, the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon Col. George Clinton Batcheller, of New York City, who is a native son of Massachu- setts, — an honor to the Old Bay State to add another tide-water episode — to enhance mem- ories of Virginia. The enclosed note from Col. Batcheller gives a key note of fraternity. Perhaps the trustees recalled the incident when the Colonial troops, 1775, called upon Congress for a Commander- in-Chief, when Mr. John Adams quietly re- marked, "Mr. Washington lives in Virginia" ; practically his suggestion was a nomination of "The Great Virginian" who became leader. "Then none was for the party. And all were for the State, Then the great men helped the poor, And the poor men loved the great." If other rich men would follow the example of Dr. Batcheller the old college of William and Mary could be made The Pride of Our Coun- try, the Alecca of Historical Research, the Mother Home of Education. Macauley said truely, "A people which takes no pride in the noble achievements of their re- mote ancestors will never achieve anything [53] Memories! of l^itginia worthy to be remembered by remote descend- ants." This is true also of individuals. Dr. Batcheller evidently is a Disciple of Re- search and a friend of the old college of Wil- liam and Mary. June IS, 1907. Lyon Gardiner Tyler, LL.D., President College of William and Mary, Virginia. My Dear Sir: — I am just back from Denver, Colo., and I found on my desk yesterday morning, your tele- gram awaiting my arrival, dated June 8th, which reads as follows : "Doctor of Laws conferred on you by William and Mary. Congratulations." Your letter of the 14th reached me this morning, con- firming the action of the Faculty and Board of Visitors of the College of William and Mary in Virginia. Words can not express my deep appreciation of the highest honor that can be conferred upon an American. I also feel greatly honored by having the Degree conferred upon me at the same time as the distinguished Virginian, Hon. Phillip Alexander Bruce. Now, as an Alumnae of "William and Mary," it will bring this institution very close to my heart, feeling that I am fully identified with the cradle of learning, from which our most distinguished men of colonial times laid the foundation of what is now the foremost government on the face of the earth. Again I beg to thank you for your felicitous remarks. With great respect, I am. Faithfully yours, (Signed) Geo. Clinton Batcheller. In the Baltimore Sun you will find in the Heraldry column the perfected chain of lineage that gives you "a Virginia cousin'' in Mrs, Moritz O. Kopperl, granddaughter of Thom- as Matthews, who left the Old Dominion to found a branch of the family tree in Texas, is completed. Your cousin's daughter, Wal- dine, will meet the Daughters of the Found- ers and Patriots at Williamsburg, October 12, 1907, to attend the general communion ser- [54] .a .JJ ,«3JJ3HOTAa V.OTY.UO HOilOsO ^emotiesf of l^itginfa worthy to be remembered by ren !its." This is true also. of indivi'i Dr. Batchel' ' is a D: searcli and a ; old co! Ham and Mary. Lyon Gardiner Tyler. LL.D., President Cnflege of WilHam 'jvd ^fary, Virginia. George Clinton Batcheller, LL.D. "t i'nie as the distinguished Virginian, tl r Bruce. .\ V, , ai an Aiumiiae of "William and Mary," it will bring this institution very close to mv heart, feeling that I am fully identic ' ' ' " ' " ling. from which our most - times laid •the foundation oi wum. i> m-w mc juiennjsi government on the face of the earth. Again I beg to thank you for your felicif"^ '^-^'rirks "With great respect, I am, Faithfully yours, (Signed) Geo. Clinton Bat. Tn the Baltimo; H olumn ; th 1 , _,.- you "a . .,,,,,. Moritz O. Kopperl, f: Thom- as Matthews. wb< ijominion to found a branch ee in Texas, is completed. Your cousm's daughter, Wal- dine, will meet the D '"--'^ of the Found ers and Patriots at W rg, October i _\ 1907, to attend the general communion scr- [54] vice to be held in the old church October 13th. when the Chapter D. F. P. A., of which my sister is president, will attend in a body, to take the cup of remembrance. I hope you and your wife will be present, and *'as ye do this in His name," give thanks to God for the life, work and character of Samuel Matthews, who is to me the pioneer hero of American History. There is another chieftain who stands only second in my hero worship, another Virginian, George Rogers Clark, "the Hannibal of the West." In conclusion let me add, it is my hope that you may make one of your homes on some part of "the sacred soil" of the Denbigh Plan- tation, the American home of your ancestor, to stand an enduring memorial to the Mat- thews family, a family with a grand colonial background since Founding Days of Virginia, to attest "to soil brave men are ever true." I know your love of State and from your heart you will echo the tribute to the Old Dominion written by a son of Louisiana, who loved — [55] emotie0 of l^irginia VIRGINIA. "There is nowhere a land so fair As old Virginia. So full of song, so free from care As old Virginia. And I believe that happy land That God prepared for mortal man Is built exactly on the plan Of old Virginia. The roses nowhere bloom so white, As in Virginia, The sunshine nowhere seems so bright As in Virginia, The birds sing nowhere quite so sweet. And nowhere hearts so lightly beat. For heaven and earth do seem to meet Down in Virginia. The days are never quite so long As in Virginia, Nor quite so filled with happy song As in Virginia, And when my time shall come to die. Just take me back and let me lie Close where the James goes rolling by Down in Virginia." [56] Memories ot l^trginia And now, my friend of memories, I'll wake the echoes with refrain, The echoes known to every heart, "Never again! Never again." Echoes from the old Welsh mountains. Echoes from Great Britain's shore, Echoes from the land of Baldwin, The old time echo, "Never more." Echoes from Denbigh Plantation, Echoes from Point Comfort shore, Echoes from the Old James River, Echoes we seek to hear once more. Echoes from the Mississippi, Echoes from the Tappan Zee, Echoes from the Rappahannock, They call to you — they call to me. Let us listen to the voices. In this our year of jubilee. The echo call to Founders kin, The echo of Eternity. From the Old James we answer back, Names we love "Over the River," The friends of many memories. And render thanks to the Great Giver For life and love of those who sleep, In Hollywood under the trees, The Holy City on the James, The Mecca Shrine of Memories. [57] Memories! of l^irginia EXPOSITION EVENTS AND EPISODES, 1907. Jamestown, May 13. The Exposition as an historical event should appeal to every American as an object lesson to create admiration, nor should we forget what the tercentennial celebration stands for. It is of little moment whether all detail to please the eye and secure comfort is perfected or not, but to keep in view the historical fact that James- town is the birthplace of our country is import- ant. This truth is sufficient to invite a pilgrim- age to the James River, and from a compara- tive point of view between now and then, in- spire patriotism and create satisfaction. I stood under the Powhatan Oak, on the Ex- position Grounds, an oak known to have been in existence at the time the colonists landed in 1607, and it is declared by experts in forestry to be three hundred and fifty-five years old and still a vigorous sentinel of the coast, once known as Powhatan Oak of Weyanoke and later the Oak of Denbigh, the grand old tree known from generation to generation and en- joyed by those who have long since rested un- der the shade of the eternal trees. Its age is marked with a tablet, perhaps it is the only tree extant to tell the wind and wave story of the pioneers, when the birth of our nation was recorded three centuries ago. The International Naval Review is so im- pressed upon my vision I must add a supple- ment to Virginia memories. The great naval fleet gave me an opportunity to moralize upon changed conditions since the arrival May 13, [58] ©emories! of l^irginia 1607 of the God speed of 40 tons, under com- mand of Captain Gosnord ; the Sarah Constant, 100 tons burden, under command of Captain Newport, and the Discovery, of 20 tons, under command of Captain Ratchffe. May 13, 1907 — only three hundred years ago — yet what progress : To-day in hne of battle a wonderful sea view of the great battleships lying at anchor in Hampton Roads, the haven of the pioneers, where scores of mighty warships stand a monu- ment to the centuries. The illumination, I be- lieve, was the grandest naval display ever seen on sea or land ; perhaps another of such bril- liancy and renown may never be seen, certainly not under the same conditions. While looking at the wonderful display from a point of land thrust out like an arm to save men of the sea, I reflected upon the history of Hampton Roads, and it gave me pleasure that the Jamestown celebration is on the Estate of Denbigh ; that the salute of "Welcome" is sounding over the Roads from Fortress Monroe, the original headquarters of your ancestor, overlooking the wonderful harbor known to every mariner of old ocean, that is reached through a gateway of waters admitting the voyager to a sheltered inland sea known to all the world since the May Day discovery, 1607, a haven of safety. How many noble ships, under flags of every nation, have entered the gateway of the James ? How many anchors have been cast, how many sails furled, how many tempest-tossed mariners with "Thanks to God for deliverance," have found the spit of land a point of comfort ? To the students of naval history the harbor of Hampton Roads must ever possess interest- [59] ^emorie0 of l^irginia ing associations, for in its waters has been made history since 1607. Since Discovery Day Point Comfort has held prominent place in the annals of two worlds. As a government reservation on which Fortress Monroe stands, and two famous hotels have made record to attract the pilgrims of the James. The "dear old Hygeia" is now a memory, it was in the range of the guns of the fort and was removed by order of the U. S. Government, but it lives in many hearts to echo the voice of the past. The Chamberlin is a living pleasure and with pride can claim to be the most popular resort of our "Home and Country." An historical halo lingers over Old Point that is seen and felt, and no one returns to the mainland of "the continent" without having heard of the famous naval fight between the Merrimac and Monitor, that has given "The Beautiful Waters" a place in the world's rec- ords that will live "while there is snow on the mountain or foam on the river." Perhaps a Viking God may have inspired a Son of Norway and a Son of America, then commissioned the Merrimac and Monitor, to demonstrate the deadly power and destruction of armored warships, and the object lesson be given in the famous harbor of many memories. Perhaps to show the nations of the world the progress and expansion since the ships of Col- umbus touched the new world shore, with what was regarded "a wonder fleet." A century later Hampton Roads was the shelter harbor for a fleet of destiny, the results we are celebrating to-day, nor do we forget only a century ago the United States Frigate, [60] r f f » OitQinia ar. to si.'. ■)- crated, 1907, and one of the . <,.-j. ..uiitling yards in the world is lo- at Newp<-)rt News, on Hampton Roads, een iron ar- - ; -. A sea fight ' between ironclads that revolutionized the navies of the world. The MerrJmac. huilt at N'^rfolk Naw V^H The Last of the Wooden Navy The " Merrimac " in its engagement with the Federal Fleet in Hampton Roads March 9, 1862. \f,-jrch R First day's fight : The destruction of the Cumberland and Congress. •" astonishment ■ ' ■ ' from Liie . n ^''»sse! uiiknov. team he. ... , ons, and before I'le ^: 'h'zed, she huiid h. upt">n ;is, crashing in the si ant of Henry Ac^ tin, 1620, presents a w. English and American . band, Gen. Edward ' and !■ " ' Mr Wm. R. iViarthevvs, ; Henry Turner, i' • T780, in niemorv Hunter, and lineal desce T - ,--- - • . 1» ■■ •#v ^^K ^^^^^Nl jC' :''\ 1 iljg i^^^^ ■ ¥ ^^^^m^ ^^' I pernor ieis of l^irginia Mrs. Caroline Virginia Sinclair Jones Eng- lish, widow of Col. Thomas C. English, U. S. A., lineal descendant of the Earl of Cairthress of Scotland ; through Captain Henry Sinclair, second son, who came to this country 1622. She presents a silver tea bell over 300 years old, used in Scotland and this country by the Sinclairs, and through her own army life from 1850, to the memory of her father, Cary Selden Jones, Esquire, of the Old Dominion. Mrs. Diana Elizabeth Sinclair Parker Jones, lineal descendant of Sinclair Parker of Vir- ginia, 1630, and Major Charles Jones, of Maryland, 161 7, presents a silver napkin ring, engraved with crest of the Sinclair family, in memory of her husband. Judge Charles Dan- forth, of New York, a descendant of the Dan- forths of New England, 1630. Mrs. Nelson V. Titus, regent of the Adams Chapter, Daughters of the Revolution, presents two handwrought nails from the old Adams house, Quincy, Massachusetts, built in 1681. Mrs. Elizabeth Drummond Ward, lineal de- scendant of Major Richard Drummond, of Drummondtown, Virginia, a member of the House of Burgess, and one of the great land proprietors of the Dominion, 1619, presents a very old bell used on the Drummond planta- tion, Accomack, Virginia, in memory of her family. Miss Ellen Garnett Matthews and Miss Mol- lie Virginia Matthews each present a piece of jewelry in memory of their mother, Ellen Hob- son Bagley of Scotch ancestry, the wife of Judge James Muscoe Matthews, a lineal de- scendant of Governor Matthews, through the [7Z^ Memories of l^irginia line of Rev. John Matthews, of Matthews County, Virginia. Mrs. Minerva S. Wynne, her daughter, Mrs, Harlan, lineal descendant of Sir Robert Wynne, 1607, speaker of the House of Burgess, a descendant of Sir Watkins Wynne of Wales. The tombs of the Wynnes are in the old Tem- ple Church, London, one of which dates back to 405 ; also a descendant of Governor Harvey of Jamestown, and Governor Hardy of North Carolina, 1622, presents a charm, very ancient, marked W. W., a relic of Sir Watkins Wynne, worn by Sir Robert, in memory of her husband, Robert Wynne of Virginia. Gen. Marcus J. Wright, C. S. A., Washing- ton, D. C, a lineal descendant of John Wright, 1630, James Wright, his cousin, the last colo- nial governor of Georgia, presents a gold medal in memory of his father. Major John Wright, of Tennessee, a medal on which the name of John Wright is inscribed. Wm. Henry Jones, lineal descendant of Rob- ert Jones, 1630, presents a revolutionary coin in memory of his mother, Mrs. Clarissa Wis- sell Jones, descendant of "a. minute Man" of Lexington, Massachusetts. Charles J. Diggs, lineal descendant of Gov. Edward Diggs, son of Sir Dudley Diggs of Virginia, presents an old English coin of early days in memory of his ancestors of Jamestown, Virginia. J. Harwood Graves, lineal descendant of Ralph Graves, 1607, presents the ring of a gold watch of ancient memories, of Petersburg, Va. Rev, Wm. B. Everett, lineal descendant of Hon. Matthew Tilghman, 1650, also closely connected with Carrolls of Carrolton, presents [74] Qiemorieis of l^irginia through his daughter a silver fork of colonial period, in memory of Rachel Tilghman, 1650. ]\Irs. Waldine Matthews Zimpleman, wife of Moritz O. Kopperl, Galveston, Texas, lineal descendant of Governor Matthews, of Virginia, presents a brass picture frame of colonial period in memory of her grandfather, Thomas Mat- thews of Texas, a native son of Virginia. Mrs. Estelle Ashby Johnson, in honor of Capt. William Ashby, of Culpeper, Va., pre- sents spoon used by the First Minute Men of Virginia. Mr. Ambler Morris, Culpeper, Va,, pre- sents a piece of the bell of the First Baptist Church of Culpeper, Va. Miss Clark, Princeton, N. J., presents an antique key. Mrs. Woodrow Wilson, Princeton, N. J., presents keys from Prospect Hill, the home of the president of Princeton University, and some brass from Nassau Hall. Mrs. Thomas D. Stokes, Elk Hill, Va., pre- sents plantation bell of Glenarvon, the Colonial Gait home. Mrs. Mary Maury, a descendant of the Mau- rys of Germanna, presents old Colonial bell, in honor of Governor Spottswood. Mr. Slaughter Bradford presents a military buckle, in memory of Capt. Philip Slaughter^ of the First Minute Men of Culpeper. Brass knob from the home of Gen. Edward Stephens, which he built after the Revolution- ary War, returning as the hero of the Great Bridge battle. Mrs. Catherine Stark, of Culpeper. Va., pre- sents a spoon, a relic of the Withers family. Mrs. Pokahuntas Green, Norfolk, Va., a [75] Memories! of Virginia .descendant of Pocahontas, a breastpin, a relic of Gen. John Mercer, of the American Revo- lution. Mr. John R. Norris presents a Mexican coin, given in honor of the Ark and Dove, of Mary- land. Mrs. W. W. Grant, of Denver, Colo., pre- sents a souvenir coin in honor of Georsre Mason, of Gunston Hall, and Hannah Ball, eldest sister of Mary Ball, mother of George Washington, both daughters of Joseph Ball, of Epping Forest. Mrs. Flora McDonald Williams, Louisville, Ky., presents a souvenir coin in honor of her grandfather, William Naylor, one of the framers of the Virginia Constitution of 1820. Brass rule, used by James Green Leach in Charlotte, N. C, presented as a souvenir of his first journalistic work. Fanny Carroll, of St. Mary's County, Mary- land, presents a coin, given in honor of Charles Carroll of Carrollton. Mr. Serrel, of Baltimore, presents a piece of metal from an old Spanish vessel of 1684. Mr. Edward Carter, Dover, Del., presents a brass guard of a musket used in the War of 1812. Hon. Robert L Reynolds, Golden Ridge, Del., presents a brass key used by Gov. Robert L Reynolds while Governor of New Jersey. Brass bracelet worn by Chief Puyallup, Washington State; given to Mrs. Sally Carter Buchanan to insure lasting friendship between Mrs. Carter and Chief Puyallup. Mrs. Aimee C. Gregg, Ridley Park, Pa., presents copper coins of 1700. [76] 09emorie0 of l^irginia Mr. Wilson Miles Gary, of Baltimore, pre- sents a piece of the Columbian Peace Bell, which went to Chicago. Mrs. Mary Chamberlain, Princeton, N. J., presents some relics of brass and nickel of 1692. Mrs. Sallie B. Carter, Dover, Del. presents buttons of Mexican war, 1846. Spur of Major John Pelham, Brandy Sta- tion, Virginia. Mrs. Frank Anthony Walke, Norfolk, Va., presents brass plaque, representing three rabbis solving the problem of the Crusaders from Jerusalem. Blanche Buckner Dove, descendant of the Buckner family, of Culpeper, presents metal mirror brackets. Mrs. Henry Walton, Culpeper, Va., presents brass plaque; a relic of the Mayer family. Harriet Ball, a descendant, presents brass tongs ; a relic of the Ball family. Blanche Maddox, Culpeper, Va., presents a brass antique waiter of the Maddox family. Mrs. Blankenship, Richmond, Va., presents a piece of the Virginia (IMerrimac). Mr. Raleigh "t. Green, Jr., Culpeper, Va., presents call bell of "Old Glory." Alice Ashby Makell presents curtain links, from the Makell family of Maryland. Alice Ashby Makell presents brass snuffers from the IMagill family of Maryland. Sarah S. Miller, of New Jersey, grand- daughter of Governor McDowell, presents brass picture ring.- Mts. Warren Coons, Culpeper, Va., presents silver spoon of Judith James, of colonial days. [77^ Mrs. B. C. McCoy presents candlestick from battlefield near Cnlpeper, Va. Mrs. Robert Matthews, Culpeper, Va., pre- sents a brass lock, relic of the Watkins family. Lucille Dove Green presents brass crumb waiter, of the old Cleveland home of the Shacklefords of Culpeper. Mrs. Enders Robinson, Richmond, Va., pre- sents nails from the old Libby Prison. Brass door knob of Major Philip Lightfoot's first home in Culpeper, Va. Presented in honor of the colonial family. Mrs. Mary Gray Gilkerson, of Culpeper County, Virginia, a descendant, presents brass tongs from the old home of Gabriel Gray. Norris family presents a Confederate sword handle. Gen. Custis Lee presents a plac|ue from Damascus. Mrs. William H. F. Lee presents metal coins and pieces from Arlington. Anne Sanford Green, a descendant, presents a spoon, a souvenir of Col. Angus McDonald, v^ho raised the first Colonial troops for Brad- dock's relief under Dunmore. Mrs. Mary Mason Norris presents a lock from a bureau which her great-grandmother, Mary Thompson Mason,, carried with her to West Farm, in Stafford county, Virginia, from her home, Gunston Hall, wdien she became the wife of John Cooke, she being the eldest daugh- ter of George Mason. Mrs. Bayard Stockton, of Morben, pre- sents a brass door plate, a relic of Richard Stockton, of Morben, a signer of the Declara- tion of Independence. [78] Susan Preston Miller presents some brass nails from a trunk once used by Governor Mc- Dowell, of Virginia, 1795. FINIS The Pocahontas Bell is regarded one of the most pleasing memorials of the Jamestown Ex- position, for it is an accepted fact that a nation must look backward as well as forward to fulfill its mission as a guide to progress. As a disciple of this belief and to invite a back- ward glance I have written Memories of Virginia to establish a Medal in memory of Governor Matthews — Captain General un- der the Crown and life-elected Governor of Virginia, 1624- 1660, to be presented as a prize annually by the College of William and Mary for the best essay upon the Royal Gov- ernment of Virginia to the date of the Restor- ation, the fund to be presented "on the York River," Oct. 19, 1907, our Day of Victory. Flora Adams Darling^ A.M. 1907 N Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. June 20, 1907. [79] UCl !i -mji CtifiJ^ LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 111 III 014 441 282 5