Class ... ^ / O tJi Book, Gopyiigiit)^^. COPYRIGHT DETOSrr. A SYLLABUS OF EUROPEAN HISTORY 378-1900 FOURTH EDITION PART I.— 378-1600 PART II.— 1600-1900 BY HERBERT DARLING FOSTER AND SIDNEY BRADSHAW FAY PROFESSORS OF HISTORY IN DARTMOUTH COLLEGE Published by the Department of History ot Dartmoutli College 1912 For Sale by E. P. Storrs, Hanover, N. H. \0 -^ >1f Copyright, 1912, By H. D. Foster and S. B. Fay All Rights Reserved ©CI.A328216 At / PREFACE This syllalnis is not intended in any way as a substitute for a text-book or note-book. It is merely an outline indicating the work to be done in each Semester (History 1-2). so divided as to fall into 45 sections. Each section (§) represents an exercise, either a lecture or a recitation as indicated. The asterisk (*) in- dicates required work in every case. The references for reading are. not exhaustive: for a bibliograpny of the more detailed works, especially those in French and German, reference should be made to Gross, Sources and Literature of English History from the Earliest Times to about 14S3; to Monod, Bibliogra['hie de I'His- toire de France; and to Dahlmann-Waitz, Quellenkunde der Deutschen Geschiclitc. (7th ed. 1906.) On methods of teaching and studying history the following will be found useful : Bourne, H. E., The Teaching of History and Civics in the Ele- mentary and Secondary Schools. New York. 1902. Langlois, C. V., and Seignobos, Charles, Introduction to the Study of History. New York, 1898. The report of the Committee of Seven of the American His- torical Association on The Study of History in Schools, in the annual report of the Association for 1898. Reprinted separately. Macmillan. New York, 1899. The report of the Committee of Five of the American Histori- cal Association on The Study of History in Secondary Schools. New York, 1911. Two excellent lirief discussions of the use of sources may be found in Robinson, J. H., Readings in European History I, ch. i ; and in Historical Sources in Schools (prepared by a special commit- tee of the New England History Teachers' Association). New York, 1902. In the hope that students will be interested to buy some books in addition to the text-books, and thus form for themselves the nucleus of an historical library, there is added a Select Bibliography of those books to which reading references will be most fre- qucntly given. Of these the most useful for Part I are: Einhard, Charlcnuujnc ; Robinson, Readiiujs in European History, I ; Ploetz, Epitome; Emerton, Introduction to the Study of the Middle -i^/f^; Seignobos, Feudal Reyinic; Pennsylvania Ihiii'ersity Translations and Reprints, Vol. VI. No. 3, "The Early Germans.'' These six books would cost between $6 and $7. SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY OF EUROPEAN HISTORY Part 1.-378-1600 SOURCES Calvin, John, The Institutes of the Christian Religion. 2 vols. New York, n. d. [Scribncr, $5.00.] Einhard, Life of Charlemagne. New York, 18S0. [The American I'ook Co., 30 cents.] Froissart, Chronicles (Selected Passages edited with Introduction by Alarzials). London, 1894. [Walter Scott, Is. 6d.] Henderson, Ernest F., Select Historical Documents of the Middle Ages. London, 1896. [The Macmillan Co., $1.50.] Robinson, James Harvey, Readings in European History, Vol. I. Boston, 1904. [Ginn, $1.50.] Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History. Published by the Department of History of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, 6 volumes, Philadelphia, 1894-99, new series, vols. I-IV; also by Longmans, Green & Co., New York. [Single numbers sold separately, 15 to 25 cents.] MODERN WORKS Adams, George Burton, Civilization During the Middle Ages. New York, 1894. [Scribncr, $2.50.] Adams, George Burton, Groivth of the Trench Nation. New York, 1897. [The Macmillan Co., $1.25.] Archer, T. A., and Kingsford, C. L., The Crusades. New York, 1895. (Story of Nations Series.) [Putnam, $1.50.] Bryce, James, The Holy Roman Empire. Enlarged and rev. ed., London and New York, 1904. [The Macmillan Co., $1.50.] Cheyney, Edward P., An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England. New York, 1901. [The Macmillan Co., $1.40.] 6 Creighton, Mandell, A History af the Papacy from tlic Great Schism to the Sack of Rome. 6 vols. New York, 1897. I Lontiinans, Green, each vol. $2.()0.] Emerton, Ephraim, Introduction to the Study of the Middle Ages. Boston, 1892. [Ginn, $1.12.] Emerton, Ephraim, Mediaeval Europe. Boston, 1894. [Ginn, $1.5(1.] Gibbon, Edward, History of tlie Decline and Fall of the Roman Rinpire. 7 vols. ( cd. Bury.) New York, 1897. [The Mac- niillan Co., each vol. $2.00. ] Green, John Richard, Sliort History of the f.nglish People. New Ynvk. 1875. [The American T'.ook Co., $1.20.J Henderson, Ernest F., ./ Short History of Germany. 2 vols, in one. New \ork, 1906. [The Macmillan Co., $2.50.] Jessopp, Augustus, The Coming of the Priars and other Historic Ilssays. London, 1901. [T. Fisher Unwin, 3s. 6d. ; or Putnam, $1.25". 1 Kingsley, Charles, The Roman and the Teuton. London and New York, 1891. [The Macnidlan Co., $1.25.] Kitchin, G. W., History of Prance. Vols. l-II, B. C. 58- A. D. 1624 (4th ed. ). Oxford, 1889. [Clarendon Press, each vol. $2.60.] Lavisse, Ernest, et Rambaud, Alfred, Histoire Generate du ll'c Siecle a Nos Jours. Vols. 1-5, Paris, 1896-1901. [Colin ct Cic., 12 fr. each.] Lindsay, Thomas M., ,1 History of the Reformation ; vol. 1, The Refonnatiou in Germany ; vol. 11, The Reformatit)n in the Lands P>eyond Germany. New ^"ork, 1907. [Scribners, $5.00.] McGiffert, A. C, APirtin Luther, The Man and His Work. New York, 1911. [Century Co., $3.00.] Munro, D. C, and Sellery, G. C, Medieval CiviTizatiou. New York, enlarged edition, 1907. [The Century Co., .$2.(;H).] Ploetz, Carl, P^pitome of Ancient, Mediaci'iil . and .]p>ilern History. Boston, new revised ed., 1905. [Hou-htou, Mifflin, $3.00.] *Robinson, James Harvey, Pitroduclion to the History of JJ'est- ern Pnropc. Boston, 1903. [Guni, $1.6(1.] Sabatier, Paul, Life of St. Prancis of .Issisi. New York, 1894. [Scrilmer, $2.50.] *Seebohm, Frederic, Era of the I'roleslant Re-7-oh!tion. New Im- pression, New York, 1911. (Rjxichs of .Modern History.) [Loni.;sman, Green &• Co.. $1.00. | Seignobos, Charles, Phe Peudal Regune. New York, 1902. [Holt, 50 cents.] *Shepherd, W. R., Historical Atlas. New York, 1911. [Holt. $2.50.] Symonds, J. A., A Short History of the Renaissance in Haly (an aliriflgmcnt of his larger work). New York. 1894. [Holt. $1.75.] Walker, Williston, John Calinu, the Oryaniccr of Reformed Prot- estantism. New York, 19(16. [Putnam, $1.50.] ^Required text-books. OUTLINE § 1. Lecture. Introdnction. A. TRANSITION PERIOD 378 A. D.-800 A. D. Chapter I. The Romans S 2. Lecture, The Roman Empire in the 3(1 and 4th centuries. § 3. Recitation. Chapter II. The Germans § 4. Recitation. The Earl.v Germans before the Migrations. ( 1st reading) § 5. Lecture. The Migrations of the Peoples. § 6. Recitation. S 7. Recitation. Germanic Ideas of Law. (2d reading) Chapter III. Christianity and the Church !:; 8. Recitation. The Rise of the Christian Church to 6fl0 A. D. § 9. Recitation. Monasticism, Its Services and Dangers. (3d reading) § 10. Written Hour Examination. Cpiapter IV. The Mohammedans S H. Lecture. Mohammed, 571-632, and the A'loslcm World. (4th reading) § 12. Recitation. (4th reading completed) Chapter V. The Rise oe the Prankish Kingdom, 486-800 § 13. Recitation. The Rise of the Prankish Kingdom from CIo- vis to Charlemagne. (5th reading) B. THE MIDDLE AGES FROM CHARLEMAGNE TO DANTE, 800-1300 Chapter VI. The Empire in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries § 14. Recitation. The Empire of Charlemagne. (5th reading completed) § 15. Recitation. The Break-up of Charlemagne's Empire and the Refonnding of the Empire by Otto I. Chapter VII. Feudallsm § 16. Lecture. The Life of the Feudal Nobility. § 17. Recitation. Feudalism. (6th reading) Chapter VIII. The Empire and the Papacy in the Middle Ages, 8(M)-13(W § 18. Lecture. Germany and Italy : the Investiture Struggle. § 19. Recitation. (7th reading) § 20. Recitation. The Ilohenstaufen Emperors and the Popes. (Alternate 7th reading) Chapter IX. France and England in the Middle Ages, 800-1300 § 21. Recitation. The Development of France from Charlemagne to Philip the Fair. (8th reading) § 22. Recitation. England in the Middle Ages. (Alternate 8th reading) § 23. Written Hour Examination. Chapter X. The Crusades § 24. Lecture. The Crusades, 1095-1270. § 25. Recitation. (9th reading) Chapter XI. Mediaeval Life vj 26. Recitation. The Mediaeval Church. (10th reading) § 27. Recitation. The Culture of the Middle Ages. (Alternate 10th reading) § 28. Lecture. The Life of the Country People. § 29. Recitation. Life of the People in the Towns. (11th read- ing) 10 C. THE PERIOD OF THE RENAISSANCE AND THE REFORMATION FROM ABOUT 1300 TO ABOUT 1600 Chapter XII. The Formation of Modern Nations and the Conditions in Europe Preceding the Reformation § 30. Recitation. England and I">ance ; The Hundred Years' War. § 31. Recitation. The Popes and the Reforming Councils. (12th reading) S 32. Lecture. The Italian Towns and the lieginnings of the Renaissance. S 33. Recitation. ( 13th reading) § 34. Recitation. Italy at the Close of the 15th Century. § 35. Recitation. The Spanish and French Monarchies at the 0))ening of the lC)th Century. >^ 36. Recitation. England and the Oxforfl Reformers. S 37. Lecture. Germany on the Eve of the Reformation, 1493- 1519. Chapter XIII. The Protestant Revolution in Germany in the 16th Century S 38. Lecture. Martin Luther (1483-1546) and the Beginning of the Reformation in Germany to 1521. S 39. Rt-citation. (14th reading) S 40. Lecture. The German Reformation from the Diet of Worms to the Peace of .'\ugshurg, 1521-1555. S 41. Recitation. (15th reading) Chapter XI \'. The Reformation in Switzerland^ Geneva^ and France in the 16th Century 55 42. Lecture. Zwingli (1484-1531) and the Reformation in Switzerland. ( 16th reading) S 43. Lecture. John Calvin (1509-1564) and the Genevan Refor- mation. ( 17th reading) § 44. Recitation. § 45. Recitation. The Reformation in France. (18th reading) SYLLABUS OF EUROPEAN HISTORY Part L— 378-1600 § 1. Introduction. (Lecture) a. Aims and methods of the course. b. Periods of History. c. Geography of Europe : coast line; mountain systems; rivers; climate; influence of geography on history. d. Peoples of Europe. *Robinson, An Introduction to the History of Western Eiirof^e. ch. i, "The Historical Point of View"; *Shepherd, Historical At- las, 2-3. A. TRANSITION PERIOD 378 A. D.-800 A. D. Ch. I. The Romans § 2. The Roman Empire in the 3d and 4th centuries. (Lecture) a. The three elements of medic-eval civilization. b. Geographical extent of the Empire. c. Roman government : powers of the Emperor ; the central administration ; ad- ministration of the provinces and mimicipalities ; services of the Empire. d. Classes of society. e. Causes of Roman decay: political, social, economic, re- ligious. *Robinson, An Introduction to the History of Western niirope. ch. ii. *Shephcrd, Historical Atlas. 42-43. Optional reading in any one of the following references. *NoTE — Each section (§) represents an exercise, either a lecture or recitation as indicated. The asterisk (*) indicates required work, which may be tested by written quiz at any lecture. The atlas should be used regularly in preparation, and, when it is marked with an asterisk, should be brought to all recitations. 12 References Sources. — Pciinsylvania Reprints, VI, no. 4, "Register of Digni- taries," Notitia Dignitatuin. Robinson, Readings, I, 28-33. Modern Works. — Bury, History of the later Roman Empire. I, in chs. i-iv. Adams. Civilisation During the Middle Ages, ch. ii, also 76-88. Kingsley, Roman and Teuton, ch. ii, "The Dying Em- pire." Seeley, Roman I mperialism. ch. ii, "Proximate Cause of the Fall of the Roman Empire" : ch. iii, "The Later Empire." Jones, Roman Empire, ch. x, "Diocletian and Constantine." Davis, Out- line History of the Roman Empire, chs. i and iv, and 142-150. Cunningham, Western Civilisation in its Economic Aspects (An- cient Times), 179-195. Hodgkin, Italy and her Invaders. II, ch. ix. iNlcCahc, St. Augustine. Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Ro- man Empire (best edition in seven volumes by Rury), ch. i (Em- pire in 2d century), or ch. xvii (Empire under Constantine), or ch. xliv (Development of Ivoman Law). Dill, Roman Society in the Last Century of the Western Empire, Bk. Ill, chs. i, ii. liryce. Holy Roman Empire, ch. ii. Munro and Sellery, Medie-val Ci^'ili- zation, 18-43. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoirc Generate, I, 14-31. § 3. Recitation on * SS 1, 2; *Shepherd, 2-3, 44-43; and *outline map showing: ( 1 ) boundary of the Roman Empire in 395 A. D. (2) names of tivc mountain systems; and of fifteen rivers, with one important city, ancient or modern, on each. See Shepherd, 2-3, 42-43, 166-167 (for modern cities). Optional reading on the Romans in any of the references under §2. Ch. TI. The Germans § 4. The Early Germans before the Migrations. (Recitation) a. Government. /'. Military organization; personal following (comitates). c. Religion and mythology. d. Morals and family life. e. Manners and customs : amusements, weddings, funerals, etc. /. Economic life. .13 *SouRCES. — *Caesar, Gallic War, Bk. VI, chs. xxi-xxiv ; *Tacitus. Germany, chs. i-xxvii, both printed in Penii. Translations and Re- prints. VI. no. 3, "The Early Germans." On this and all readings outside the required text-books the student is expected to keep in his note-book such notes as will prove useful to him in reviewing his work for recitations, con- ferences, and examinations. In this exercise the student will hnd it advantageous to arrange his notes according to the six headings above. Optional reading on the Germans in any of the following refer- ences. References Modern Works. — Gibbon, Decline and fall of the Roman Em- pire, I, ch. ix. Hodgkin, Italy and her Invaders, II, 233-263; III, 257-318. Hodgkin, Theodoric. Kingsley, Roman and Teuton, Lec- tures i and x. Gummere, Germanic Origins, ch. iii, "Men and Women"; iv, "The Home"; v, "Husband and Wife"; vi, "The Family" ; ix, "Social Order" ; xiii, "Worship of Nature." Hender- son, History of Germany in the Middle Ages, chs. i, ii. Hender- son, Short History of Germany, ch. i. Lewis, History of Germany, 1-36. Milman, History of Latin Christianity. Bury, Later Roman Empire, Bk. II, chs. vii, xi. Stubbs, Constitutional History of England, ch. ii. Stubbs, Select Charters (Introduction). Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Generate, I, 1-58. Parmentier, Album His- torique, I, 29-33. § 5. The Migrations of the Peoples. (Lecture) a. Visigoths, 378 (Adrianople). b. Huns, 451 (Chalons). c. Vandals, 455 (Sack of Rome). d. End of the Roman Empire in the West, 476. e. The Roman Empire in the East ; Justinian, 527-565 ; Con- stantinople (see Shepherd, 93) ; codification of the Ro- man Law. /'. Ostrogoths in Italy under Theodoric, 493-526. g. Lombards, 568 (invasion of Italy). /;. Franks, 486 (Soissons). i. Efifects of Rome upon the Germans, and of the Germans upon the Roman Empire. *Robinson. 25-43 ; optional reading on one of the following top- ics. 14 Topics for reading (1) The Migration of the Visigoths. Emerton, Introduction, ch. iii. (2) Thcodoric, the Ostrogoth, as a civilizer. Kingsley, Roman and Teuton, 102-120. (3) Founding of Constantinople. Gibbon, Decline and Fall, ch. xvii ( tirst part). (4) Codification of the Roman Law. Gibbon, Decline and Fall, in ch. xliv (middle of chapter: Bury ed. IV, 461-47U). (5) Effects of the Germans upon the Roman Empire. Adams, Civili::atio>i during the Middle Ages, ch. v, "What the Germans added." § 6. Recitation on * § 5; *Shepherd, 45, 52; and *outline map showing the routes of migration and final places of set- tlement of four of the German peoples and the route of the Huns Optional reading on one of the topics under § 5. § 7. Germanic Ideas of Law. (Recitation) a. Comparison between early Germanic and modern ideas of law. b. Feuds. c. Compurgation. d. Ordeals. e. Wager of battle. /. ly erg eld. g. Influence of Church and Roman Law upon Germanic Law ; codes of German law. *Read at least one of the following references: arrange the notes on reading, so far as possible, according to the headings above. The most useful general account is Emerton. Introduction to the Middle Ages. ch. viii, "Germanic Ideas of Law." 15 References Sources. — Henderson, Documents, 176-189 (Salic Law), 314-319 formulas at ordeals). Modern Works. — Emerton, Introduction, ch. viii. Kingslcy. Roman and Teuton, ch. x, "Lombard Laws." Gumnicre, Ger- manic Origins, ch. x, "Government and Law." Gibbon, Decline and fall, in ch. xxxviii (Bury ed. IV, 121-144). Milman, Latin Christianity, I, 514-543. Pollock and Maitland, History of English Law, I, 14-37. Ch. III. Christi.\nitv .\n'd the Church § 8. The Rise of the Christian Church to 600 A. D. (Recitation) a. Christianiy and paganism, — the tendency to merge, the con- trast. b. Officers of the early church; organization of the church be- fore Constantine. c. Relation between the church and the Roman Empire. d. The rise of the Papacy. e. Gregory I, the Great, and his work as pope. /. Extent of Christianity about 6()0 A. D. (Shepherd, 46-47.) *Robinson, History of Western Europe, ch. iv, and review of 18-22; *Shepherd, 46-47. Optional reading, Emerton, Litroduction to the Middle Ages, ch. ix, or any of the following references. A reading is required under § 9. References Sources. — New Testament: Matt, xvi, 16-20; Acts vi, 1-6; 1 Timothy iii. Robinson, Readings, I, 62-82. Modern Works. — Useful general account in Emerton, Intro- duction to the Middle Ages, ch. ix, "Rise of the Christian Church." Gibbon, Decline and Fall, ch. xxxvii. Fisher, History of the Chris- tian Church. Period 1, ch. ii (especially 35-37), Period II, ch. ii, "Government and Discipline in the Church." Alzog, Universal Church History. I, 389-413, "The Constitution of the Catholic Church." an account by a Catholic scholar. Adams, Civilization during the Middle Ages, ch. vi. Milman, History of Latin Chris- tianity, I, Bk. I, ch. ii; II, Bk. Ill, ch. vii. Moeller, History of 16 the Christian Church, I, 49-72. Sohm, Outlines of Church History, 31-66. Dill, Koinaii Society, ch. i. Hatch, Orgamzulion of the Early Christian Churches, any lecture, e. ins(in, 99-119. A reading is required under S 17. § 17. Feudalism. (Recitation) a. Origin of feudalism; influence of Roman and German in- stitutions. /'. The three elements of feudalism. (1) The fief; subinfeudation. (2) Vassalage ; rights and duties of lord and vassal. (3) Immunity. c. Complexity of feudal relations. d. Feudalism and the church; the Truce of God. c. y\dvantages and disadvantages of feudalism. *§ 16 in review; and *reading on one of the topics below. Bililiographies are to be handed in at this exercise by all stu- dents in Sections 1 and 2. Students in other Sections will hand in bibliographies at successive exercises on dates as bulletined. Before beginning work on the bibliography consult the "Direc- tions for Special Report Work" under § 15. Topics for rcadiiifi ( 1 ) General accounts of feudalism. Fmerton, Jutrodiictioii, ch. xv. Seignobos, The Tcudal R'r(/iiiic, ch. ii ; same in Favisse ct Rambaud, Tlistoirc Ghicralc, II, 25-30. Adams, Cii'iUzation duriug the Middle .h/cs, ch. ix. y\dams, y\rticle "Feudalism," in Riicyclopirdid Britaiuiica. Fmerton, M edicrval Europe, ch. xiv. (2) Some fen()7-377, 388-391, 405- 409. Robinson, Readinus, I, 268-283, 292-293. MoDKRN Works. — Emcrton, Mediaeval Europe, ch. viii, based upon the documents and the best brief accoimt in English. Rryce, Holy Roman Umpire, ch. x. Hender- son, Short History of Gennajiy, ch. iii. Henderson, Germany in the Middle /l//es, chs. xii-.xiv. Tout, Em- pire and I'apacy. ch. vi. Miliuan, l!k. VH, ch. i. Steph- ens, Hildehrarid and His Times^ chs. xi-xii. (2) Nicholas 1 and the False Decretals. Emerttm, Mediccz'al Europe, 03-81. (3) The college of cardinals. Henderson, Docnineiits, 301-365 (or Thatcher and McNeal, Source Book, 126-131), together with the article "Cardi- nal" in E}icyclopcrdia Ih-itannica. § 20. Hohenstaufen Emperors and the Popes. (Recitation) (/. bVederick 1, "Barbarossa," 1152-1190: his ideal of the empire; his contest with the Lombard cities, — their government, the Lombard Lea,gue, their al- liance with the papacy, Frederick's defeat at Lcgnano, the Peace of Constance, 1183; b^-ederick's relations with the Guelfs in Germany. h. Henry Vi ; the Normans in Italy; Jrlenry's Norman mar- riage; his difficulties in Germany and Italy. c. Pope Innocent 111, 1198-1216: the arbiter of western Europe, — in Germany, England, Italy; suppresssion of heresy (see Roliinson, 223-224). (/. Frederick II, 1212-1250, and the end of the Hohenstaufen': Frederick's environment and characteristics ; why the Ho- henstaufen were dangerous to the papacy; his struggle with the papacy; French interference in southern Italy; 25 "fist-law" in Germany ; end of the Hohenstaufen and of the mediaeval empire; condition of Germany and Italy. e. The most famous medijeval emperors and their relations with Italy. *Robinson, ch. xiv ; *Shepherd, 70-71, 72; and a *rcading on one of the following topics (optional for those who have already read on one topic under §19). Topics for reading (1) Frederick I's relations with Germany, the pope, and Ar- nold of Brescia. Sources. — Henderson, Documents, 410-430. Thatcher and McNeal, Source-Book, 176-181, 183-191, 199-202. Modern Works. — Bryce, Holy Roman Empire, ch. ix. Em- erton. Mediaeval Europe, 291-298, 305-312. Tout, Empire and Papacy, 246-254, 264-273. Henderson, Germany in the Middle Ages, 243-251, 260-263, 276-282. Henderson, Short History of Germany, I, in ch. iv. Balzani, Popes and Hohenstaufen, in chs. iii-iv. Lavisse et Ramliaud, Hisfoire Gcncrale. II, 158-168. (2) Lomljard Cities and Lombard League. Emerton, Mediaeval Europe, 285-291, 298-311. Henderson, Germany in the Middle Ages, 249-259, 269-279. Tout, Empire and Papacy, 254-264. Sismondi, Halian Repub- lics, ch. i. Hallam, View of the State of Europe Dur- ing the Middle Ages, II, 18-36. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Gcncrale, U, 129-134, 145-153. (3) Innocent III. Source. — Thatcher and McNeal, Source Book, 217-233. Modern Works. — Emerton, Mediaeval Europe, 327-343. Tout, Empire and Papacy, in ch. xiv. Balzani, Popes and Hohenstaufen, chs. viii-ix. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Gcncrale, II, 174-188. Milman, Latin Christian- ity, Bk. IX, ch. vi, "Innocent and Spain." (4) Frederick II. Emerton, Mediaeval Europe, 323-327, 343-352. Tout, Em- pire and Papacy, ch. xvi. Henderson, Germany in the Middle Ages, ch. x.xiv or xxv. Balzani, Popes and Ho- henstaufen, ch. X, xi, xii, or xiii. Fisher, Medieval Em- pire, II, 167-200. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Gcncr- 26 (lie, II, 188-196. Henderson, Short History of Ger- many, I, 92-101. Bryce, Holy Rninan Empire, ch. xiii (first half). Milman, Latin Christianity, Bk. X, ch. iii (last part, vol. V, 381-400). Freeman, Historical Es- says, first Scries, 295-313, "The Emperor Frederick II.'" Ch. IX. France and England in the Middle Ages, 8()U-13()() § 21. The Development of France from Charlemagne to Philip the Fair. (Recitation) a. The successors of Charlemagne (sec Robinson, 96). b. Hugh Capet, 987, and the beginning of the Capetian line : royal domain; feudal divisions of France (sec Shepherd, 61); difficulties of the early Capetians. c. Philip Augustus, 1180-1223, — conflicts with his English vas- sals, extension of the royal domain. d. Louis IX (St. Louis), 1226-1270, — his character and gov- ernment. c. Philip the Fair, — councillors, Estates General, 1302. *Robinson, ch. x; *Shepherd, 61, 69. A reading is required on one of the topics under either §21 or §22; *rcadin.g on topics under §21 will be called for at this exer- cise; reading on topics under '^22 will be called for under §22. Topics for rctnliinj (1) Expeditions of the Northmen. Robinson, Rcadiiic/s. I, in ch. viii. Johnson, The Nor mans. chs. i-iii. Keary, J'ihinf/s in Western CTiristendom . chs. v, xiv, XV. Oman, The Hark Ages, 414-423. Oman, History of the Art of War, 89-115; 140-148 ("The Great Siege of Paris"). (2) Growth of royal power under Philip Augustus. Hutton, Philip Augustus, ch. v. Guizot, Concise History of Prance. 96-111. (3) Character of St. Louis. Munro and Sellery, Medic7'al CiinJirjation, 366-375, "Advice of St. Louis to his son." Joinville, St. Louis, ch. xv. Perry, St. Louis, ch. xi. Guizot, Popular History of Prance, ch. xviii, 125-155. 27 § 22. England in the Middle Ages. (Recitation) a. Alfred the Great; England before the Norman Conquest. b. William the Conqueror; the Norman conquest of England, 1066; results of the Conquest. c. Growth of the English Constitution, 1154-1295: Henry ll's judicial reforms and struggle with P>ecket ; Magna Carta, 1215; development of Parliament. d. Comparison of the development of France and England (Adams, Civilicatioii during the Middle Ages, 321-331). *Rohinson, ch. xi ; *Shepherd, 6(), 65, 70. ♦Reading on one of the following topics for those who have not done reading under §21. Topics for reading (1) The Norman Conquest. Freeman, Short History of the Norman Conquest. 47-85. Green, Short History of the English People, ch. ii, sees, iv, V. Hodgkin, England to w66, 467-491. Oman, Eng- land before the Norman Conquest, 629-651. (2) Henry II and Thomas Beckct. Cheyncy, Readings, 143-164. Adams, England, 1066-1216, ch. xiii. Stubbs, Early Plantagenets, 58-84. Green, Henry H, 127-154. (3) Trial by Jury. Pollock and Maitland, History of English Lazv, Bk. I, ch. vi (first part). (4) Magna Carta. Robinson, Readings, 1, 231-238. Henderson, Historical Documents, 135-148. Cheyney, Readings, 179-187. The best estimate of Magna Carta and its importance is McKcchnie, Magna Carta, 129-150. (5) The development of French institutions compared with those of England. Adams, Civilization during the Middle Ages, 321-331. §23. Written Hour Examination on *§§ 11-22 (including lec- tures, text-book, map- work, reading, notes, recitations). 28 Ch. X. The Crusades S 24. The Crusades, 1095-1270. (Lecture) a. The Eastern Roman Empire — its civilization and services; the Seljnk Tnrks. /'. The First Crusade and the capture of Jerusalem : appeal of Alexius; rumors from the East; Council of Clermont, 1095; mixed motives of the Crusaders; first hands and their fate ; army of knights, — leaders, routes, disputes with Alexius; Antioch ; capture of Jerusalem, 1099 (see Shepherd, 6(S, lower map) ; feudal organization of Syria; the three military-religious Orders. c. The Second Crusade, 1147; Rernard of Clairvaux. (/. The Third Crusade, 1189-1192: Saladiu ; Richard the Liou-Hearted and Philip Augustus, their routes and disputes. e. The Fourth Crusade, 1202-1204: Venice, her history and importance ; change in motives of crusaders ; significance of this crusade. /. Later Crusades of Frederick II and St. Louis (died 1270) ; decline in the crusading spirit. g. Results of the Crusades: political, ecclesiastical and religious, economic, social, in- tellectual. *Rohinson, ch. xv; *outline map showing the routes of the First, Third, and Fourth Crusades (see Shepherd, 66-67, 70-71, 73). A reading is required under § 25. Topics for reading (1) The civilization of Constantinople during the Middle Ages. Munro, A History of the Middle .Iges, ch. x. Gihhon, De- cline and Pall, ch. liii (a plan of Constantinople soon after its founding is given in Bury's edition, H, 149). Munro and Sellery, Medieval Civilization, 212-224 . Hen- derson, Dociunents, 441-477. Harrison, Meaning of His- tory, 330-360. (2) The Council of Clermont and the motives of the Crusaders. Rohinson, Readings, I. 312-321, 329-340. Pcnn. Reprints, I, no. 2, 2-8, 12-19. Thatcher and McNeal, Source Book, 29 512-523. Guizot, Popular History of France, ch. xvi (first part). Mills, History of the Crusaders, ch. ii. Gibbon, Decline and Fall, ch. Iviii (first part). Milman, Latin Christianity, Bk. VII, ch. vi. (3) The Crusade of Richard the Lion-hearted. iA.rcher, The Crusade of Richard /. Archer and Kings- ford, The Crusades, ch. xxii. Michaud, History of the Crusades, I, Bk. VIII (latter part). Lane-Poole, Sala- din. 279-299. Oman, History of the Art of War, 303-317. (4) The Fourth Crusade. Penn. Reprints, III, no. 1, "The Sources for the Fourth Crusade." Milman, Latin Christianity, Bk. IX, ch. vii. Gibbon, Decline and Fall, ch. Ix (latter half). Pears, Fall of Constantinople. (5) The Crusades of St. Louis. Perry, St. Louis, ch. vii. Joinville, St. Louis, ch. vii or x. (Joinville was a personal friend of St. Louis and ac- companied the king on his first crusade.) (6) The Life of the Crusaders in the East. Penn. Reprints, I, no. 4, "Letters of the Crusaders writ- ten from the Holy Land." §25. Recitation on *§24; *Shepherd, 66-67, 70-71, 73; and *reading on at least one topic under v? 24. Ch. X. Medi.\eval Life § 26. The Mediaeval Church. (Recitation) a. "Ways in which the mediaeval church differed from mod- ern churches." b. The Pope, — election (Robinson. 162. Henderson, Docu- ments, 361-5), powers, income; the canon law. c. The ranks and duties of the secular clergy ; the seven sac- raments. d. The services of the church and the corruption of the secu- lar clergy and the monks. c. Heresy and the attempts to check it. — the Albigensians and Waldensians, the inquisition, the mendicant friars. *Robinson, chs. xvi, xvii. A reading is required on one of the topics under cither §26 or §27; *reading on topics under §26 will lie called for at this exercise ; reading on topics under § 27 will be called for under § 27. 30 Topics for reading ( 1 ) Tlic canon law. Enicrton, Mediaeval Eurofc, 582-592. Pollock and Mait- land, Ilistory of English Lazv, Bk. 1, ch. v. "Roman and Canon Law." Rashdall, Uiiiz'crsilies of Europe in the Middle .Igcs, 12tS-143. "Gratian and the Canon Law." (2) The ideals and services of St. Francis of Assisi. Sources. — The rnle of St. JM-ancis, Henderson, Documents, 344-349. Rule and Testament of St. Francis: Thatcher and McNeal, Source Book, 498-507; Robinson, Read- ings, L 387-395. The Mirror of Perfection by Brother Leo. MouiiKN WoKKS. — Sabatier, St. Erancis of .Issisi. a re- markable biograph}'. Lea, Ilistory of the Imjuisition of the Middle .Iges. L 256-268. Jessopp, 'J'he Coming of the Eriars, ch. i (beginning p. 9). Milman, Latin Chris- tianity. Bk. IX, ch. X. (3) "Parish Priests and their People." Cutts, Parish Priests and their Peolde in the Middle .hjes in England, any chapter, e. g., xvii, "Celiliacy of the Clergy," xxi, "Customs," xxii. "Abuses," xxxi. "Disci- pline." Gasquet, Parish Life in Mediaeval England, any chapter. (4) Waldensians and Albigensians. Lea, hujuisition of the Middle Ages, I. 76-88 (Walden- sians), or ch. iv, "The Albigensian Crusade." Munro and Sellery, Medieval Civilization, 432-457, "Southern France and the Religious Opposition" (adapted from Luchaire, Innocent III). SchatT, Christian Church. V, 493-507 (Waldenscs), or 507-515 ( Albigenses). Histor- ical Novel: Edward Everett Hale, In His Name (A Story of the Waldensians). (5) The mediaeval inquisition. Lea, Inquisition of the Middle Ages. I. ch. ix, "The In- quisitorial Process" (or any other of chs. vii-xiv). Schaff, Christian Church, V, 515-533. Haskins, Ameri- can Historical Rcviciv, VH, 437-457, 651-652 (especially 643-651 procedure and penalties), "The Beginnings of the Inquisition in Northern France." 31 (6) "Popular worship and superstition." Penn. Reprints, II, no. 4, "Monastic Tales." Gasquet, Par- ish Life in Mediaeval England, ch. vii. Schaff, Christian Church, V, 831-850. Cutts, Parish Priests and their People, ch. xiii, "The Public Services in Church." Mil- man, Latin Christianity, Bk. XIV, ch. ii. Two valuable general accounts of the mediaeval church arc in Lea, History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ayes, I, ch. i, emphasizing the abuses in the church, and in Lavisse et Rambaud, Hi-stoire Gencrale, II, ch. v, "L'eglise et le pouvoir pontitical." Accounts giving the more favorable side of the church may be found in the books of Cutts, Gasquet, and in Alzog, Manual of Universal Church History. Illustrations in Lacroi.x, Military and Reliyious Life in the Middle Ages, 203 and following. Parmentier, Album Historiquc, chs. vii, x. lujr references on the monastic life see § 9 . § 27. The Culture of the Middle Ages. (Recitation) a. Language and literature. b. The fine arts, — painting, sculpture, architecture. c. Universities, — their origin, nature, methods of instruction, courses of study. *Robinson, ch. xix. *Reading on one of the following topics re- quired of those who did not do the reading under § 26. Topics for reading (1) Troubadours and minstrels. J. H. Smith, Trobadonrs at Home, I, in ch. viii, "Their In- tellectual World," or II, ch. xxxi, "A Day in the World of the Troubadours." Jusserand, English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages, 188-218 (minstrels). (2) Gothic Architecture. Moore, Development and Character of Gothic Architec- ture, ch. i, "Definition of Gothic." Norton, Historical Studies of Church Building in the Middle Ages, ch. i. Norton, "The Building of the Church of St. Denis," Harper's Magacine, vol. 79, 766-776; "The Building of the Cathedral of Chartres," ibid., 944-955 (both illus- trated). 32 (3) Abclard. McCabe, Abclard, ch. ii, "A Brilliant Victory." ch. iv, "The Idol of Paris," or ch. vii, "The Trial of a Heretic." Rashdall, Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages. 1, 48-63. Robinson, Keadinys, I, 44(>4S5. Lane- Poole, II- lustratioHs uf the History of Mediaeval Tlioiti/lit, ch. v. (4) The Mediaeval Universities. ( See Shepherd, 100, lower map.) Rashdall, The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ayes, I, ch. i, "What is a University." or II, in ch. xiv, "Stu- dent Life in the Middle Ages." Paulsen, German Lhii- versilies, their Character and Development, 10-38 (pub- lished also in Report of the United States Commission- er of Education, 1891-1892, I). Emerton, Mediaeval Europe, 465-47G. Green, Short History of the English People, ch. iii, Sect. 4. Penn. Reprints, IT, no. 3, "The Mediaeval Student." Cheyney, Readings in English His- tory, 188-195. Ogg, Source Book, 339-359. Munro and Sellery, Medieval Civilisation, 348-357. Luchaire, Social Life at the Time of Philip Augustus. 69-92. (5) Mediaeval ideas of science, history, and philosophy. Robinson, Readings, I, 438-446, 455-461. Munro and Sel- lery, Medieval Civilization, 458-473, "The Intellectual Movement of the Thirteenth Century," adapted from Lavisse, Histoire de Prance, III, Part ii, 387-416. Dra- per, History of the Hitellectual Development in Europe, in ch. .xviii. Lacroix, Science and Literature in the Mid- dle Ages and at tlie Period of the Renaissance, the ear- lier parts of any one of the chapters in "Philosophic Sciences," "Mathematical Sciences," "Natural Sciences," "Medical Sciences," "Chemistry and Alchemy," "The Occult Sciences," "Geographical Sciences," "Chronicles, Histories, Memoirs." This book, as its title indicates, extends beyond the Middle Ages, so that the latter por- tions of the chapters describe conditions in the 15th and 16th centuries. Illustrations on the intellectual life and fine arts of the Middle Ages in Parmentier, Album His- torique, chs .xvii, xix. 33 § 28. The Life of the Country People. (Lecture) a. The manor or vill, — its general character. b. The three-held system of agriculture. c. The country people : free tenants; the unfree; the obligations of the unfree; ways of securing freedom. d. Life of the country people: houses, crops, animals, food, and clothing; manorial courts and customs; isolation and self-sufiiciency of the manor. e. Influences tending to break down the manorial system. *I\obinson, ch. xviii. *Shepherd, 104. A reading on one of the following topics or one of the topics under §29 will be required under §29. Topics for reading (1) Life and organization of the country people. Seignobos, The Feudal Regime, 3-26. Cheyney, Social and Industrial History of England, ch. ii. Ashley, Eng- lish Economic History, I, ch. i, "The Manor and the Village Community." Gibbins, Hidustry in England, 70-85. Jessopp, Coming of the Friars, ch. ii. Jessopp, Studies by a Recluse, ch. v. Pollock and Maitland, His- tory of English Law, Bk. II, ch. ii §3, "The Unfree." Jusscrand, English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages, Part I, ch. ii, or Part II, ch. iii. Article "Villenage," by Vinogradoff, in Encyclopaedia Britannica. Page, The End of Villainage in England, 1-35. hor detailed studies see the writings of Vinogradoff. (2) Descriptions of actual individual manors. Penn. Reprints, III, no. 5, 1-24, 31-2. Seebohm, English Village Community, 1-13, 22-32. Fowler. "Study of a typical mediaeval village" in Quarterly Journal of Eco- nomics, IX. 151-174 (1895). (3) The Black Death and its effects. Jessopp, Coming of the Friars, ch. iv. Cheyney, Indus- trial and Social History of England, ch. v. Trevclyan, England in the Age of JVycliffe. 183-195. 34 § 29. Life of the People in the Towns. (Recitation) a. Mediaeval towns, — origin and characteristics. b. Merchant gilds ; craft gilds. c. Mediaeval commerce, — goods, routes, restrictions ; Hanse- atic League (Shepherd, 98-99). d. Importance of the growth of towns and commerce. *§29 in review; *Shepherd, 98-99, 102-103; *reading on at least one topic under § 28 or § 29. Topics for rcadiiKj (1) Town life and organization. Cheyney, Social and Industrial History of England, ch. iii. Parmentier, Albiiiii Historiqiic, 147-156. Ashley, Enijlish Economic History, II, 5-43. Green, Tozvu Life in the Eiftcentli Century. I, ch. iv, "The Connnon Life of the Towns"; 11. ch. i, "The Town Manners." Gib- bins, Hidiistry in England, ch. vi. Munro and Sellery, Medieval Civilization, 358-365. Thatcher and McNeal. Source-Book, 578-604. (2) The various crafts and craft gilds. Pcnii. Reprints, II, no. 1, 20-32. Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, Bk. Ill, ch. iv. La- visse et Rambaud, Histoire Gencralc, II, 510-536. (3) Markets and fairs. Green, Town Life in the Fifteenth Century, II, ch. ii. (4) The growth of commerce and its results. Adams, Civilication during the Middle Ages, ch. xii. Day, History of Commerce, chs. xi-xiv. (5) The Jews in the Middle Ages. Jacobs, The Jczvs of Angevin England.' Pollock and Mait- land. History of English Law, Bk. II, ch. ii, §7. Thatcher and McNeal, Source Book, 573-578. Cunning- ham, Grozvfh of English Industry and Commerce. § 70 and §93. The Jewish Encyclopedia, articles on "Eng- land," "France," "Cologne," "Frankfort," "Crusades." Lacroi.x, Manners, Customs and Dress during the Mid- dle Ages, 434-455. 35 C. THE PERIOD OF THE RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION, FROM ABOUT 1300 TO ABOUT 1600 Ch. XII. The Formation of Modekn Nations, and the Condi- tions IN Europe Preceding the Reformation § 30. England and France; The Hundred Years' War. (Recitation) a. England under Edward I and II. b. The Hundred Years' War. (1) Causes. (2) The English occupation of France, 1337-136U: Cregy, 1346; Calais; Poiters. 1356; Peace of Bret- igny, 1360; reasons for the success of the English. (3) The driving out of the English. 1361-1453: English losses before the death of Edward III; new English victories,— Agincourt, 1415; alliance of English and Burgundians ; treaty of Troyes; siege of Orleans, 1429; Joan of Arc's career and influence; final expulsion of the English and end of the Hundred Years' War. 1453; Calais. c. France under Charles VII and Louis XI: Military reforms and taille in the reign of Charles VII ; Louis XI (1461-1483),— character, struggle with Charles the Bold of Burgundy; destruction of the power of the feudal princes. *Robinson, ch. xx ; *Shepherd, 76, 77, 81 (lower map). Optional reading on one of the following topics. Topics for reading (1) The Battle of Cregy. Froissart, Chronicles, Bk. I, chs. 127-131 ; in Passages from Froissart, edited by Marzials, 24-42. Robinson. Readings, I, 466-470. Oman, History of the Art of War, 603-615. (2) Joan of Arc. Lowell. Joan of Arc, any of chs. iii-viii. Murray. Jeanne d'Arc. 6-55 (Joan's answers at her public examination). Anatole France, Vie de Jeanne d'Arc, any chapter. 36 Guizot, Popular History of Prance. Ill, ch. xxiv. Gui- zot, Concise History, 186-191. Kitchin, History of Prance, I, 532-555. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoirc Gen- erate, III. 144-154. Lea, The Inquisition of the Middle Ayes, III, 338-378. Green, Short History of the Png- lish People, ch. vi, sect. 1. § 31. The Popes and the Reforming Councils. (Recitation) a. National upposition to the papacy. (1) Philip the Fair and the opposition in France to Pope Boniface VIII; the papacy at Avignon ("The Babylonish Captivity," 1305-1377). (2) Wycliffe and the opposition in England. (3) John Hnss in Bohemia; burning of Huss, 1415; the Hussite Wars. b. The attempts at reform by the Councils : "The Great Schism," 1378-1418; Council of Pisa, 14U9: Council of Constance and its threefold program, 1414- 1418; Council of Basel, 1431-1449; failure of the coun- cils to reform papacy and church. *Robinson, ch. xxi ; *Shepherd, 81 (upper map); and *reading on one of the following topics. Topics for reading (1) The contest between Philip the Fair and Boniface VIII. Kitchin, History of Prance, I, 373-391. Milman. Latin Christianity, Bk. XI, ch. viii (last part), or ch. \x (last part). Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoirc Gcncrale, III, 26- 2)7. The bulls, "Clericis Laicos," and "Unam Sanctam" are in Henderson, Documents. 432-7, and Thatcher and McNeal, Source Book. 311-317. (2) Wycliffe. Green, Short History of tlie PiiglisI; People, ch. v, sect. 4. Creighton, History of the Papacy. I, Bk. I, in ch. ii. Creighton, Historical Essays and Rez'iezvs, essay on "John Wiclif." Lane-Poolc, JPycliffe and Movements for Reform, ch. vii. Article "Wycliffe" in Dictionary of National Biography. Robinson, Readings. I, 498- 502, gives examples of Wycliffe's English. Lechler. 37 John H^ycliffe and liis English Precursors, in ch. vi, sect. 2, "Wycliffe's Itinerant Preachers," or ch. vii, sect. 3, "The Wycliffe Translation of the Bi1)le." .(3) Huss. Creighton, History of the Papacy, Bk. II, ch. v. Lea, In- quisition of the Middle Ages, II, ch. vii (the latter part on the trial of Huss). Lane- Poole, Wycliffe and Move- ments for Reform, ch. xi. Henderson, Short History of Germany, 209-220. Wylie, Cotincil of Constance to the Death of John Huss, either Lect. V, "Trial," or Lect. VI. "Death." (4) Evils in papacy and church in 14th and 15th centuries. Robinson, Readings. I, 502-514. Penn. Reprints, III, no. 6, 25-33 (same in volume on the Reformation). Tre- velyan, England in the Age of JVycliffe, in either ch. iv. or ch. V. § 32. The Italian Towns and the Beginnings of the Renais- sance. (Lecture) a. Character and limits of the new era. b. Causes of the Renaissance : crusades ; growth of industry and commerce ; importance of wealth for the Renaissance ; the Italian cities and city-life; influence of nature; classical antiquity and Greek scholars. c. Phases of the Renaissance. (1) Literature and scholarship: Dante, a mediaeval and modern man ; Petrarch, a modern man ; discovery and criticism of classical manuscripts ; the humanists and the revival of learning. (2) Fine Arts: architects and sculptors, — Niccola of Pisa, Giotto, Brunelleschi, Donatello, Michel Angelo; painters, — Giotto, Fra Angclico, Botticelli. Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Michel Angelo (d. 15r>4). (3) Science and discovery: exploration and travel ; need of new route to the Spice Islands ; Vasco da Gama ; Columbus ; new in- ventions and beginnings of new ideas in science. *Robinson, ch. xxii; *Shepherd, 107-110. 88 §33. Recitation on * § 32; ^Shepherd, 107-110; and *reading on one of the following topics Topics for rcadiufj (1) Selections from Dante's Divine Comedy (translations by Norton, Gary, Longfellow, also in Temple Classics). Inferno, Cantos I-IV; Purgatory, Cantos XXIX- XXXII; Paradise, Cantos. X-XII. (2) Petrarch. Ro])inson and Rolfc, Petrarch, 76-87, 97-129. Eucyclo- pcrdia Britanuica, article "Petrarch," by Symonds. Vil- lari, MachiavcUi, I, 1(%-120. Whitcomb, Source Book of of the Italian Renaissance, 8-15. (3) Beginnings of Humanism. Robinson and Rolfe, Petrarch. 227-242; 275-278. Symonds, Renaissance in Italy, II, 123-145. Burckhardt, Renais- sance in Italy, 187-209. Cambridge Modern History, I, 532-554. Creighton, History of the Papacy, Bk. IV, ch. iv, "Nicholas V and the Revival of Learning." Pastor, History of the Popes, II, 165-214, "Nicholas V as pa- tron of the Renaissance in Literature and Art." (4) Florentine Life in the Renaissance. Burckhardt, Renaissance in Italy. 73-83. Norton, Church Building in the Middle Ages, 181-233. Oliphant, Mak- ers of Florence, ch. vi, "A Peaceful Citizen." Symonds, Renaissance in Italy, I, chs. iii-iv. Illustrations in Par- mentier. Album Historique, TI, 71-87. Historical novel : George Eliot, Romola. (5) Giotto. Vasari, Lives of the Painters. I, 93-122 (ed. Bohn) ; I, 73-105 (Temple Classics). (6) Leonardo da Vinci. Vasari, Lives of the Painters, II, 366-394 (cd. Bohn) ; III, 219-238 (Temple Classics). Pater, Leonardo da Vinci (in The Bibelot, VII, ii). (7) Bruncllcsclii and the Dome of the Cathedral in Florence. Norton, Church Building in the Middle Ages. 234-292. (8) Exploration and Discovery. Marco Polo, Travels (best edition by Yule: third edition revised by Cordier), 2-30 (after the Introduction). Cheyney, European Background of American History, chs. iii, iv. Channing. History of the United States, I, ch. i. Fiske, Discot>ery of America, I, ch. iv. 39 § 34. Italy at the close of the 15th century. (Recitation) a. Introduction : the area of Christendom ; the characteristics of the old and new eras. b. Italy: its lack of unity, causes and results ; iive main divisions of Italy at end of 15th century. c. The Humanists and the revival of learning at Florence : Florence, the modern Athens; Lorenzo de' Medici (died 1492) ; Machiavelli ; non-religious character of the Italian Renaissance. d. Savonarola (1452-1498) and the reform in Florence: Savonarola as preacher ; Prior of San Marco in Flor- ence; prophet and politician, — the expulsion of the Me- dici, Charles VIII's entry into Florence; reform of morals in Florence ; attacks on Alexander VI ; reasons for the excommunication and execution of Savonarola ; failure of his attempt at reform. e. Character of the papacy at the end of the fifteenth century. *Seebohm, Era of the Protestant Revolution, 1-26, 66-74; *Shep- herd. 90. Optional reading on Savonarola, or the character of the papacy. Topics for readincj (1) Savonarola. Symonds, Short History of the Renaissance, ch. v, "Savon- arola, Scourge and Seer." Oliphant, Makers of Flor- ence, any one of chs. ix-xiii. Creighton, History of the Papacy, Bk. V, ch. viii, and parts of ch. vii. Villari, Machiavelli and his Times, I, 334-353. Ranke, Latin and Teutonic Nations, 110-126. Lea, Inquisition of the Middle Ages, III, 209-237. Cambridge Modern History, I, ch. V. Villari, Life of Savonarola, any chapter, c. g., I, Bk. II, ch. V (Constitution of 1494), ch. vi, "Savona- rola's Prophecies and Prophetical Writings"; II, Bk. IV, ch. vii, "The Ordeal by Fire, ch. xi (trial and ex- ecution), or 413-422, "Conclusion." Symonds, The Re- naissance in Haly, I {The Age of Despots), ch. viii. Pastor, History of the Popes (ed. Antrobus), V, ch. ii (especially 181-213), or VI, ch. i. Historical novel: George Eliot. Roniola. 40 (2) The character of the Papacy at the close of the 15th cen- tury. Lea, in Cambridge Modern History, I, ch. xix, "The Eve of the Reformation," especially 653-674. Ranke, History of the Popes, I, ch. ii, sects. 1, 2. Symonds, Short History of the Renaissance, ch. iv. Sy- monds, Renaissance in Haly, I, ch. vi. Burckhardt, Civ- ilisation of the Renaissance in Italy, Part I, ch. x. La- visse et Rambaud, Histoire Gcncrale, IV, 10-23. For views by Roman Catholic vifriters see Pastor, History of the Popes, in vol. VI, and Alzog, Manual of Univer- sal Church History, II, 902-914, 928-931. § 35. The Spanish and French Monarchies at the opening of the 16th century. (Recitation) a. Beginning of the absolute monarchy in Spain : consolidation of the kingdoms; Ferdinand and Isabella, — domestic policy and marriage alliances ; heritage of Charles V. /;. The French monarchy from Louis XI to Francis I ; reasons for its strengtli and weakness ; condition of the peasantry. c. Relations between France and Italy; Concordat of 1516; the Renaissance in France. d. Comparison of the political and religious conditions in Spain and France at the opening of the 16th century with those in Italy. *Seebohm, 34-46; *Robinson, ch. xxiii; *Shephcrd, 83, lower map ("Spain, 1212-1492"), anance. *Out]ine map showing the names and boundaries of Spain, Span- ish Netherlands, United Netherlands, France, Switzerland, Bavaria, Palatinate, Bohemia, Saxony, Brandenburg, and Duchy of Prus- sia, after 1648, and indicating also the territorial changes effected by the Peace of Westphalia. See *Shepherd, 121 (upper map and lower left-hand map), 122-123, 126; compare also 118-119. Topics for rcadiiuj (1) The religious settlement under Henry IV. Baird, The Hinjucnots and Henry of Xaz'arrc, II, ch. xiv (latter part). Canibridijc Modem Histnry, HI, 657-660, 675-677. Willert, Henry of Navarre, 328-346. (2) Tile reforms of Henry IV and the Duke of Sully (Max- iniiiian de Bethune, Baron de Rosny). Willert, Henry of Navarre. 347-368. Lavisse et Ram- baud, Histoirc Gencrale. V, 3\3-3i23. Sully, Memoirs, in Bks. xii and xiii on coins and commerce (vol. II, 71 406-417, 521-527) ; or Bk. xvi, latter part on manufac- tures and colonies (vol. Ill, 177-186) ; or Bks. xxiv- xxvi on taxation and finance (vol. IV, 178-194, 265-273, 320-326). Kitchin, History of France, II, 450-465. (3) Character of Henry IV. Willcrt, Henry of Navarre, in chs. v, vi, or i.x. Guizot, Pofular History of France, in ch. xxxvi. (4) Richelieu's treatment of the Huguenots. Perkins, Richelieu, ch. iv. Baird, The Huguenots and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, I, ch. vi (latter part). Kitchin, History of France, III, 14-30. Gar- diner, History of England from the Accession of James I to the Outbreak of the Civil War, VI, in ch. Ix (the Duke of Buckingham's attempt to relieve La Rochelle), or in ch. l.xv (the assassination of Buckingham and the fall of La Rochelle). (5) Richelieu's administration. Wakeman, Europe, 1598-1715, 132-153. Lodge, Richelieu, ch. viii. Perkins, Richelieu, ch. i.x (especially latter part). Cambridge Modern History, IV, 128-137, 152- 157. Lavissc et Rambaud, Histoire Generate. V, 347- 360, 372-3'. (6) General accounts. Adams, Growth of the French Nation, 177-201. Guizot, Concise History of France, ch. ix or .x. § 10. Recitation on * S 9 and ^reading on at least one topic under § 9 § 11. The Absolute Monarchy of Louis XIV, 1643-1715: I. Louis' Wars and Foreign Policy. (Lecture) a. Louis XIV's minority. 1643-1661 : Mazarin chief minister, — his task; the Parlenient of Paris and the Wars of the Frondes. b. France at Louis' accession in 1661 : extent of French territory after the gains at Treaty of Westphalia (1648) and the Peace of the Pyrenees (1659) ; Louis' ambitions. c. Louis' wars and aggressions, 1667-1713. (1) Attempt to annex the Spanish Netherlands, and its results. 72 (2) The war against the Dutch, 1672-1678; acquisition of I-'ranche Comte, 1678; occupation of Strasburg and Lorraine: Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 1685. (3) War of the League of Augsburg', 1689-1697: causes of the war; members of the League; Louis' mistake; part played l)y William III of Orange; Treaty of 1697. (4) War of the Spanish Succession, 1702-1713: the question of the Spanish succession in 17(K); the Grand y\lliance ; English victories ; Treaty of Utrecht, 1713, — losses of France and Spain, gains of England, Austria, and Savoy ; colonial questions. d. France at the close of Louis' reign : exhaustion of France m 1715; results to France of Louis' policy. I The War of the League of Augsburg is the first war in the so-called "Second Hundred Years' War between England and France." (See Seeley, /i'./7)r//isioH of KiKiiiiiiil, Lecture ii.) "The Second Hundred Years' War between England and France," 1689-181 5 In Europe In America [il War of League of Augsburg 1689-1697 King William's War [2] War of the Spanish Succession 1702-1713 Queen Anne's War [3] War of the Austrian Succession 1740-174S King George's War, 1744-1748 [4] Seven Years' War 1756-1763 French and Indian War, 1754-1763 [5] American War 1775-1783 American Revolution [6J War against the French Revo- lution and Napoleon 1793-1802 [7I War against Napoleon 1803-18! 5 War of 1812 with Great Britain *Robinson, ch. .xxxi. Optional reading on one of the topics under § 13, 5^ 12. Recitation on *S11; *outline map showing important changes in the French frontier 1601-1697, and the principal states of Europe about 1740, including the chief divisions of Italy; and *map-quiz on Shepherd, 126, 130-131, 133 (upper map, Treaty of Utrecht) (Optional reading on any of the tojiics under v$ 13. § 13. The Absolute Monarchy of Louis XIV, 1643-1715; II. France under Louis XIV. (Recitation) a. Louis and his government: Louis' personal characteristics ; his ideas of government ; different attitude of English and French toward absolute monarchv. 73 h'. Louis and his court: Louis' position in France: Versailles and the court of Louis XIV; art and literature in Louis' reign. c. The work of Colbert, Controller-General, 1662-1683: Colbert's financial reforms; his industrial and commer- cial policy; the benefits and dangers of the Mercantile System (see topic 4). d. Louis' religious policy : policy toward the Huguenots; Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 1685; results of the Revocation in France and other lands. *Reading on one of the topics below, and review of *Robinson 495-501 and 504-505. Topic! for reading (1) Louis XIV's character and abilities. Perkins, France under the Regency, ch. v. Hassall, Louts XIV, ch. iii. Martin, History of France, The Age of Louis XIV, I, in ch. i. (2) Court life at Versailles in the age of Louis XIV. Perkins, France under the Regency, ch. v. Hassall, Louis XIV, ch. xi. Taine, Ancient Regime, 86-90, 100- 109. Guizot, Popular History of France, ch. xlix. Par- mentier. Album Historique, III, 127-146 (illustrated). Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Gcncrale, VI, 178-220. Martin, I, in ch. iii. (3) Colbert's economic policy. Wakeman, .Europe, J59^-J7i5, ch. ix. Perkins, France under the Regency, ch. iv. Sargent, Colbert, chs. i, ii, or V, vi. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Generale, VI, 223-242. Grant, in Cambridge Modern History, V, 5-23. Martin, History of France, The Age of Louis XIV. I, in ch. ii. Stephens, Lectures on the History of France, 613-630, Lect. xxii. (4) Advantages and disadvantages of the Mercantile System. Schmollcr. Historical Significance of the Mercantile System, 43-69. (5) The government and commercial prosperity of the Dutch Republic before the wars with France. Wakeman, Europe, 159^-^715, 214-233. Blok, History of the People of the Netherlands, III. 326-342. Lefevre- Pontalis, John De Witt, I, in ch. i. Mahan, Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1663-17S3, 50-74, 96-101. 74 (6) The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes; causes and effects. Perkins, France under the Regency, ch. vi. Baird, The HiKjucnots and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, II, cli. xii. Kitchin, History of France, III, 220-236. Cambridge Modern History, V, 19-26. Lavisse ct Ram- baud, Histoire General e, VI, 279-302. Martin, History of France, The Age of Louis XIV, II, 30-56. Guizot, Popuhir History of France, in ch. xlvii. fvolMnson, Readings, II, 287-293. (7) "The Second Hundred Years' War between England and France." Seeley, Hxpajision of Enghind, Lect. ii. (S) Literature under Louis XIV. Saintsbury, History of French Literature, Bk. Ill, ch. ii, V, or vii. Van Laun, History of French Literature, II, Bk. V, in ch. i. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Gencr- ale. VI, 312-341. Martin, Flistory of France, The Age of Louis XIJ', I, in ch. iii. (9) The transplanting of feudalism to Canada. Parkman, Ohi Regime in Canada, ch. xv. (10) France at tlie close of the reign of Louis XIV. Kitchin, History of France, III, 343-359. Perkins, France under the Regency, ch. ix. § 14. Written hour examination on '■' i^S 1-13 (including lectures, text-books, map work, reading, notes, recitations) Ch, III. The Rise of Russia and Prussia; the Expansion of England § 15. Rise of the Russian Empire to 1725. (Recitation) a. Russia before Peter the Great : Slavs, — subdivisions and settlements ; beginnings of Rus- sia ; Norse conquest ; Tartar conquest and influences ; Russia before Peter the Great. b. Russia under Peter the Great, 1689-1725: tasks ; travels ; reforms ; wars ; character. '■Tvoliinson, 509-515: ''Shepherd, 131-132; and *rcading on one of the following topics. 75 Topics for reading (1) Peter the Great's travels, friends, ambitions, activities, character. Motley, Peter the Great, first part (7-27 of Maynard, Merrill edition) ; or Robinson, Readings, II, 302-312. (2) Reforms of Peter the Great. Rambaud, Popular History of Russia, II, ch. iii. Schuy- ler, Peter the Great, I, ch. xxxv (social and financial changes) , II, ch. xlvi (St. Petersburg), Ivii (political and religious reforms), or Ixxiii (economic reforms). Waliszcwski, Peter the Great, 441-461. Wallace, Russia, ch. XXV, "St. Petersburg and the European influence." Milyoukov, Russia and its Crisis, 30-48. § 16. The Rise of Prussia to 1740. (Lecture) a. The "Great Elector," 1640-1688. (1) The Hohenzollern family and their characteristics; the Great Elector's education and ambitions. (2) The Great Elector's territories : Brandenburg, Prussia, and Cleves to 1640; future importance of their geographical position ; gains at the Peace of Westphalia ; wars with Poland, Louis XIV, and Sweden. (3) The Great Elector's internal policy: absolutism and centralization ; how he overcame lo- cal opposition ; encouragement of agriculture and in- dustry ; reception of the French Huguenots. b. Frederick I, King in Prussia, 1701. c. Frederick William I, 1713-1740, — character, policy, army; the youth of Frederick the Great. *Robinson, 515-516; *reading on one of the following topics. Topics for reading (1) General account of the Rise of Prussia, to 1740. Longman, Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' War, 3-26. (2) Administration and reforms of the Great Elector. Henderson, Short History of Germany. II, 12-29. Tut- tle. History of Prussia, I, 226-250. Cambridge Modern History, V, 639-649. 76 (3) Frederick the Great's father, Frederick William I. Macaiilay, An Essay on Frederick the Great, first part (9-27 of Maynard, Merrill edition). Carlyle, Freder- ick the Great, Bk. IV, chs. iii, iv ; or Bk. V, ch. vii, "Tobacco Parliament." Henderson, Short History of Germany, II, ch. iii. It is interesting and valuable to compare the accounts of Carlyle and Macaulay with that of Henderson. Lavisse, The Youth of Frederick the Great, in ch. ii. § 17. Prussia under Frederick the Great, 1740-1786. (Lecture) a. War of the Austrian Succession, 1740-1748: Austria in 1740; the Pragmatic Sanction and its guaran- tors ; Frederick's invasion of Silesia ; alliance with the French; results of the war. b. The Diplomatic Revolution, 1748-175r): the system of alliances in the 18th century; Frederick's dangerous position in 1753; outbreak of war between France and England in the colonies and on the sea ; alli- ance between Prussia and England ; alliance between Austria and France ; importance of the Diplomatic Rev- olution. c. The Seven Years' War, 1756-1763: Frederick's occupation of Saxony; the campaign of 1757; Frederick's tactics at Rossbach and Lcuthen ; the results of the war for Germany. d. Frederick the Great in time of peace : Frederick at Sans Souci ; Voltaire's visit ; relations with Catherine II; First Partition of Poland, 1772; Frederick's acquisition of West Prussia; his reforms; value of gov- ernment by "enlightened despotism"; Frederick's charac- ter and death, 1786. *Robinson, 517-522; *reading on one of the following topics. Topics for reading (1) Austrian attempt to reconquer Silesia; battle of Hohen- friedberg, 1745. Carlyle, Frederick the Great, Bk. XV, chs. ix, x. Hen- derson, Short History of Germany, II, 125-146. (2) Campaign of 1757. Longman, Frederick the Great, 106-115, 118-135. 77 (3) Battle of Rossbach, 1757. Carlyle, Frederick the Great, Bk. XVIII, ch. viii. (4) Frederick the Great in time of peace (character, friends, administration). Henderson, Short History of Germany, II, 182-204. Macaulay, Essay on Frederick the Great, 41-65. (5) The Reforms of Frederick the Great. Carlyle, Frederick the Great. Bk. XXI, ch. ii, "Repairing a ruined Prussia." (6) The Enlightened Despots of the 18th Century. Robinson and Beard, The Development of Modern Eu- rope, I, ch. X. § 18. Recitation on *§§ 16-17, with *map-quiz on Europe in 1740 (Shepherd, 130-131), European campaigns and territorial changes, 1740-1746 (Shepherd, 132, upper map; 133, lower map), and HohenzoUern lands in 1786 (Shepherd, 134-135) § 19. The Expansion of England to the Close of the 18th Century. (Recitation) a. Union of England and Scotland, 1707; accession of House of Hanover; beginning of cabinet government; character of English wars in 18th century. h. Struggle for India : territorial extent of India; political conditions at open- ing of 17th century; English and French settlements; policy of Dupleix; Sepoys; the Black Hole of Calcutta; Clive and the Battle of Plassey, 1757. (For Warren Hastings see topic (3) below.) c. Struggle for North America : motives of the English settlers; rivalry with French; "Second Hundred Years' War between England and France" (cf. §11, note 1); English gains at Treaty of Utrecht, 1713; exclusion of the French from North America by Peace of Paris, 1763; revolt of the Ameri- can colonies; their alliance with France; England's loss of the thirteen colonies; treaty of peace, 1783. *Robinson, ch. xxxiii; *Shepherd, 128, 136, 137; *reading on one of the following topics. 78 Topics for reading (1) The policy of Duplcix and the faihire of the French to support him. Perkins, France under Louis XV, I, in ch. ix. English Historical Review, I, 699-733 (Oct. 1886). Guizot, Con- cise History of France, 481-488. A full account is to be found in Malleson, French in India. (2) Robert Clive. Macaulay, Essays, Essay on Clive (the middle third of the Essay, beginning with the Black Hole affair). Wilson, Lord Clive, ch. vi, "Plassey." Longman, Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' War, 190-201. Seeley, Ex- pansion of England, Course II, Lect. iii (especially the first part), "How we conquered India." Himter, Brief History of the Indian People, 177-187. Lecky, History of England in iSth century. III, in ch. xiii, 513-533, Frazer, British India (Story of Nations), ch. v. Dic- tionary of National Biography, article on Robert Clive. (3) Warren Hastings. Macaulay, Essays, Essay on Hastings (first quarter of the Essay). G. W. Hastings, A Vindication of Warren Hastings, ch. viii, "Summary." Frazer, British India (Story of Nations), ch. vi. Dictionary of National Bi- ography, article on Warren Hastings. Lyall, Warren Hastings, ch. ii. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Gen- erate, VIII, 885-895, 929-932. (4) Comparison of English Colonial policy with that of Hol- land, Spain, and France. Seeley, Expansion of England, Lect. iv, "The Old Co- lonial System." Egerton, Origin and Grozvth of the English Colonies, in chs. iii, iv. (5) General Accounts of Struggle for India. Robinson and Beard, Development of Modern Europe, I, 87-100. Robinson, Readings. II, 331-345. Green, Short History of the English People, ch. x, in sects. 1-2, especially on Clive and Hastings. Gardiner, Student's History of England, 758-764, 801-811. Gibbins, His- tory of Commerce in Europe, Bk. Ill, in chs. i-iii, parts relating to England. 79 Ch. IV. The French Revolution and Napoleon § 20. The Eve of the French Revolution. (Recitation) a. Three great historic movements since the middle ages. b. Political and economic confusion in France at the close of the 18th centurj'. c. The privileged classes. d. Condition of the Third Estate. e. Powers of the King. /. Influences tending toward revolution : Parlenient ; philosophers ; economists ; American Revolu- tion (see topic (6) below) ; discontent with existing evils. *Robinson, 537-553; *Shepherd, 146-147, 148, 149; a *reading will be required either on one of the following topics at this exer- cise, or on one of the topics under § 21 at that exercise. Topics for reading (1) The population of France in 1789, its numbers and classes. Mathews, The French Revolution, 12-16, 42-47. (2) Comparison of the aristocracy in France and England. Taine, Ancient Regime, 43-55. (3) Condition of the French people before 1789. Riobinson, Readings, II, 373-380. Lowell, Eve of the French Revolution, in ch. xiii. Dc Tocqueville, The Old Regime and the Revolution, Bk. II, ch. i, "Why the feudal Rights were more odious to the People in France than anywhere else." Lavisse et Rambaud, Hisloire Generate, VII, 656-667; VIII, 9-11, 17-25. Duruy, His- tory of Modern Times, 484-502. Da.yot,De la Rcgence a la Revolution (illustrations). (4) The Encyclopaedia of Diderot and its influence. Lowell, Eve of the French Revolution, ch. xvi. Perkins, France under Louis XV, II, 437-446, 452-456. (5) The influence of Voltaire. Morley, Voltaire, in ch. v. Lecky, History of England in the i8th century, ch. xx (first part). Cambridge Mod- ern History, VIII, 9-14. (6) France and the American Revolution. Guizot, Concise History of France, 540-551. Robinson. Readings, II, 370-373. Aulard, The French Revolution. I, 111-125 (translated from Aulard, Histoire Politique de la Revolution. Frangaise, 19-23). Rosenthal, America and France, 26-52; see also in ch. iv, and 296-298. 80 § 21. The Beginning of the French Revolution, 1789-1791. (Recitation) a. Reforms proposed by Turgot, Necker, and Calonne : ac- tions of the Parlcineiif of Paris and results. b. The Estates General of 1789: reasons for calling it : difficulties of procedure ; the cahiers. c. The National Assembly, 1789-1791: victory of the third estate ; causes and significance of the fall of the Bastille, 14th of July. 1789; organization of national guard and communes ; abolition of feudal dues; organization of departments; Declaration of the Rights of Man; the mob at Versailles; reorganization of the church; the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and its effects. *Robinson, 553-573; ^Shepherd. 149, 148 (lower map); reading on one of the following topics, *required of students who have not read on one topic under § 20. Topics for reading (1) The Cahiers. Penn. Reprints. IV, no. 5, especially 24-36. Lowell. Eve of the French Revolution, ch. xxi. (2) The Meeting of the Estates General. Stephens, French Revolution, I, 55-67. Aulard, French Revolution. I, 127-139. Rosenthal, America and France, 166-175. Gonverneur Morris in Hazeii, Contemporary American Opinion of the French Revolution. 72-82. Cambridge Modern History, VIII, 145-159. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Generale, VIII. 52-62. Guizot, Con- cise History of France, 559-565. (3) The Fall of the Bastille. Mathews, French Revolution, 125-137. Stephens. French Revolution. I, 128-145. Carlyle, French Revolution. Bk. V, chs. V, vi. (4) The Declaration of the Rights of Man compared with the state constitutions in .*\merica. JelHnek, The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizens, chs. iv-v. Compare the Declaration in Robin- son, Readings, II, 409-411 (or Anderson, Constitutions 81 and other Select Documents illustrative of the History of France, ijiig-igoi, 58-60) with the Declaration of Rights in the constitution of any one of the following states: Virginia (1776), Pennsylvania (1776), Mary- land (1776), North Carolina (1776), Vermont (1776, 1786, and 1793), Massachusetts (1780), New Hampshire (1783). These state constitutions may be found in: Thorpe, Federal and State Consthtutions; in Poore. Federal and State Constitutions. The Virginia consti- tution is also in Preston, Documents Illustrative of American History; and the constitution of New Hamp- shire in Colby, Manual of the Constitution of the State of New Hampshire, 109-116 (ed. 1902). (5) The mob at Versailles, Oct. 5 and 6, 1789. Stephens, French Revolution. I, 219-228. Carlyle. French Revolution. Bk. VII, chs. iv-viii. § 22. The Attempt at Constitutional Monarchy, 1791-1792. (Lecture) a. Emigration of nobles ; the flight to Varennes and its effects. b. The Constitution of 1791 ; sources of danger to the con- stitutional monarchy. c. The Legislative Assembly, 1791-1792; newspapers and clubs; legislation against emigrant nobles and non-jur- ing clergy ; foreign war. d. Insurrection of August 10, 1792; end of the monarchy. e. Trial and execution of Louis XVI, 1793. *Robinson. 574-583. A reading on one of the following topics will be required under § 23. Topics for reading (1) The Constitution of 1791. Anderson. Documents, especially 58-65. Taine, French Revolution, I, 188-203. Mathews. French Revolution, ch. xii. (2) The Civil Constitution of the Clergy. Robinson, Readings. II, 423-427, 441-442. Stephens. French Revolution, I, ch. x. 82 (3) The Flight to Varennes and its effects. Stephens, French Rcvululion, I, in ch. xv. Aulard, French Revolution, I, 260-274. Carlyle, French Revolution, I, Bk. XI, chs. iii-viii. Laniartine, History of the Giron- dists, I, 61-75, 90-102. (4) The Insurrection of August 10, 1792. Stephens, French Revolution. II, ch. iv (first part). Cambridge Modern. History, VIII, 225-240. Taine, Frcncli Revolution, II, 171-187. Aulard, French Revo- lution, II, 46-55, 59-67. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoirc Generate, VIII, 140-148. Lamartine, History of the Gi- rondists, IIj 55-77. (5) Trial and execution of Louis XVI. Carlyle, French Revolution, II, Bk. IV, chs. vi-viii. Mar- tin, Popular History of France, I, 359-378. Optional reading, historical fiction : Dickens, Tale of Two Cities. § 23. Recitation on * § 22, and *reading on one of the topics under § 22 § 24. The First French Republic, 1792-1795. (Recitation) a. The Convention, 1792-1795. (1) The establishment of the First French Republic, 1792. (2) Difficulties of the Convention, — royalists in La Ven- dee, Girondists, foreign war. (3) The Reign of Terror as a system of government; Robespierre's measures and downfall. (4) The Constitution of the Year III (1795) ; dissolution of the Convention. b. Tlie beginning of the Directory, 1795. c. Summary of the progress and results of the French Revo- lution, 1789-1795. *Robinson, 582-591. and a *revie\v of §§21-23 with a written quiz. Optional reading on one of the following topics. 83 Topics for reading (1) The Reign of Terror. Stephens, French Revolution, II, in ch. x. Carlyle, French Revolution, II, Bk. VII, "Terror the Order of the Day" (first part). Robinson, Readings, II. 451-460. (2) Robespierre and his overthrow. Mathews, French Revolution, ch. xviii. Cambridge Mod- ern History, VIII, 362-371. Aulard, French Revolution, III, 192-202. § 25. Napoleon Bonaparte to 1801. (Recitation) a. The rise of Napoleon ; his ambitions. b. Napoleon's campaign in Italy, 1796-1797. c. The campaign in Egypt, 1798-1799. d. The coicp d'etat of 1799; Napoleon as First Consul: the new constitution. e. Napoleon's campaign in Italy against the Austrians, 1800. /. The treaties with Austria and England ; redistribution of German territory ; extension of French territory and in- fluence. *Robinson, ch. xxxvii ; *Shepherd, 151; and *reading on one of the following topics. Topics for reading (1) Napoleon's youth. Rose, Napoleon I, ch. i. Sloane, Napoleon Bonaparte, I, chs. iii, V. Fournier, Napoleon the First, ch. i. (2) The Constitution of the Year III (1795). Mathews, French Revolution, 277-285. Anderson, Doc- uments, 212-254 (especially §§44-173). Aulard, French Revolution, III, 292-304. (3) Napoleon's campaign in Italy in 1796. Johnston, Napoleon, ch. iii. Sloane, Napoleon Bona- parte, I, chs. XXV, xxvi. Jomini, Life of Napoleon (trans, by Gen. Halleck). I, 81-95. Ropes. The First Napoleon, 12-28. 84 (4) Thf Egyptian Campaign (purposes, reasons of failure, re- sults). Rose, in Cambridge Modern History, VI 11, in ch. xix. Sloane, Napoleon Bonaparte, II, chs. vi, vii. Lanfrey, Napoleon the First, ch. x (latter part). Mahan, Influ- ence of Sea Power upon the French Revolution and Empire, I, 257-278, or ch. x. (5) The Coup d'etat of 1799. Fyffe, Modern Europe, I, 189-205. Seeley, Napoleon the First, 73-88. Sloane, Napoleon Bonaparte, II, chs. x, xi. Aulard, French Revolution, IV, 142-151. (6) The character of Napoleon as it appears before 1801. Robinson, Readings, II, 465-480. Bourrienne, Memoirs, ch. xxviii. § 26. Napoleon and Europe, 1801-1815. (Lecture) a. Napoleon's reorganization of French institutions, — Concor- dat, Code, education. Legion of Honor : character and permanence of his work. b. War against England, Austria, Prussia, and Russia, 1803- 1807. c. The Spanish Rising against Napoleon. d. The Russian Campaign, 1812. e. The German War of Liberation; battle of Leipzig, 1813. /. Napoleon's downfall, 1814; conditions of his exile. *Robinson, ch. xxxviii. A reading on one of the following top- ics will be required under § 27. Topics for reading j (1) Napoleon's settlement of the religious situation. Anderson, Documents, 296-305. 307-308. Rose, Napoleon I, I. 249-262. (2) The Code Napoleon. Cambridge Modern History, IX, 148-164. Lanfrey. His- tory of Napoleon, II, in ch. v. Lavisse et Ranibaud. Histoire Generate, IX, 241-247. (3) Napoleon's execution of the Due d'Enghien. Sloane, Napoleon Bonaparte, II, ch. xxvii. Fay, in Amer- ican Historical Review. Ill, 620-640 (Julv, 1898) ; IV. 21-37 (Oct. 1898). 85 (4) The Battle of Trafalgar. Mahan, Influence of Sea Poivcr n[>nn the French Revo- lution and Empire, II, ch. xvi (last part). (5) The Continental Blockade. Robinson, Readings, II, 503-508. Rand, Selections Illus- trating Economic History, ch. v, "The Orders in Coun- cil." (6) The Regeneration of Prussia during the Napoleonic Era. Henderson, Short History of Germany, II, 270-284, 298- 302. (7) The Battle of Leipzig. Rose, Napoleon I, II, 324-338. Jomini, Life of Napoleon (trans, by Gen. Halleck), IV, 193-218. Fyffe, History of Modern Europe. I, 496-514. § 27. Recitation on *§26; *Shepherd, 153, 154-155; and *read- ing on one topic under § 26 § 28. Reconstruction of Europe at the Congress of Vienna, 1814-1815. (Lecture) a. Meeting of the Congress of Vienna ; its tasks and difficul- ties. b. Napoleon's return from Elba ; the "Hundred Days" : Wa- terloo, 18th June, 1815; Napoleon after Waterloo. c. Territorial and constitutional settlements effected by the Congress of Vienna ; criticism of the work of the Con- gress ; the Holy Alliance. *Robinson, 625-628, and *outline map showing the names and boundaries of the following after the Congress of Vienna : France, the German Confederation, Kingdom of Prussia (marking the gains of Prussia in 1815), Kingdom of Saxony, Kingdom of Ba- varia, Empire of Austria (including Hungary, Galicia, Lombardy, and Venetia), Kingdom of Sardinia (including the island). Pa- pal States, and Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. (Shepherd, 157, 158-159.) A reading on one of the following topics is required under §29. 86 Topics for reading (1) Waterloo. (See Shepherd, 156.) Johnston, Napoleon, ch. xvii. Rose, Napoleon I, II, ch. xl. Ropes, The First Napoleon. Lect. vii. Fournier, Napoleon the First, ch. xx. Sloane, Napoleon Bona- parte, IV, chs. xxii-xxiii. Fyffe, History of Modern Enrope, II, 31-4(J, 47-58. Article "Waterloo" in Encyclo- pccdia Britannica. Jomini, Life of Napoleon (trans, by Gen. Halleck), IV, 359-385. Cambridge Modern His- tory, IX, 624-642. Lavisse et Rambaud, Histoire Gen- erate, IX, 923-927. (2) Napoleon at St. Helena. Rosebery, Napoleon : The Last Phase, chs. xiv, xv. Bourrienne, Memoirs, IV, ch. xiii. (3) Napoleon's place in History. Seeley, Napoleon the First, 237-253. Dickinson, Revolu- tion and Reaction in Modern France, 29-36, 46-60. Taine, Modern Regime, I, in ch. i. Optional reading, historical novel : Victor Hugo. Les Miscrables, Pt. ii, Bk. I, "Waterloo." § 29. Recitation on *§28; *reading on one of the topics un- der §28; and *map-quiz on the reconstruction of Eu- rope at the Congress of Vienna (*Shepherd, 157, 158- 159) § 30. Written Hour Examination on * §§ 15-29 (including lectures, recitations, text-book, map-work, reading, and notes) Ch. V. Progress of Europe Since 1815 § 31. Europe after the Congress of Vienna. (Recitation) a. France under the Bourbons. 1814-1830: Louis XVIII, — character and aims; Charter of 1814; po- litical parties ; Charles X, 1824-1830, — his views and un- popular measures. h. Revolutions of 1830. (1) In France: downfall of Charles X ; accession of Louis Philippe ; revision of the Charter. (2) In the Netherlands: dissatisfaction with the settlement of 1815; revolu- tion of 1830; establishment of the Kingdom of Bel- gium. c. The German Confederation after 1815: effects of the Napoleonic period in Germany ; the Confed- eration of 1815, — its constitution and weaknesses; liberal agitation and its results. d. Spain, Italy, and Portugal after 1815 : effects of the Napoleonic period in Spain and Italy ; char- acter of the restorations in each ; Spanish American colo- nies ; revolutions of 1820; Mettcrnich's influence; the Monroe Doctrine, 1823 ; changes in Portugal. *Robinson and Beard, The Development of Modern Europe, II, ch. xvii ; *Shepherd, 158-159, 214-215. § 32. The Industrial Revolution in England and France. (Recitation) a. Importance of the history of mechanical inventions. b. The Industrial Revolution as typified by the revolution in the cotton and woolen industry : earlier methods of carding, spinning, and weaving; the new inventions, — fly-shuttle (1738), spinning jenny, "mule," power loom ; improvements in printing and bleaching cloth; the cotton gin (1792) ; how one invention necessitates and stimulates others: need of strong textile machinery driven by steam. c. Development of steam machinery ; Watt's steam engine, 1769; changes in the iron and coal industries; steamboats and railways. d. Social and political results of the Industrial Revolution : change from the "domestic system" to the "factory sys- tem"; general, social, and political results of the introduc- tion of machinery. e. The introduction of the Industrial Revolution into France, 1815-1848; its social and political effects. *Robinson and Beard, II, ch. xviii. Optional reading on the following topic. Topic for rcadiuf] Sir Humphrey Davy's safety lamp and the mining of coal. Rand, Selections lUnstraliiuj Ecoiioiiiic History, 51-54. § 33. The Revolution of 1848 in France. (Recitation) a. Reign of Louis Philippe from the Revolution of 1830 to the Revolution of 1848: his character ; political parties and their aims ; Guizot's character and methods; downfall of Louis Philippe, 24th February, 1848. • h. Second French Republic, 1848-1852. (1) Provisional government, Feb. -Dec. 1848; "national workshops," — their failure and suppression. (2) Constitutional government under President Louis Na- poleon; the constitution; career and ideas of Louis Napoleon. ^i. Second French Empire, 1852-1870: Louis Napoleon's methods of winning popularity; couf> d'etat of 1851, and plebiscite; coup d'etat of 1852 and establishment of the Second Empire under Napoleon III ; government and prosperity of France, 1852-1870. *Robinson and Beard, II, ch. xix. Optional reading on one of the following topics. Topics for rcadiufi (1) Napoleon Ill's policy in Mexico. flazen, Europe since 1815, 206-214; 277-280. Fyffe. His- tory of Modern Europe, III, 395-400. (2) Napoleon Ill's government of France. Seignobos, Political History of Europe since /7. (2) Changes in Japan 1867-1890; the Mikado; feudalism; industrial progress and its results ; constitutional government. (3) Japan as a World Power; struggle with China for the control of Korea; Japanese-Chinese war, 1894-5; ac- tion of the European powers after the war. d. Chinese concessions to Russians, Germans, and English, 1895-19(K). *Robinson and Beard. II, 318-346; ^Shepherd, 170-171. v^ 44. The Expansion of Europe in Asia and Africa. (Recitation) a. The adoption of European ideas in China : the promotion of railways in China; the reform move- ment, to 19(X); reactionary influences; the Boxer Rebel- lion, 19(X); progress in China since 1900. b. The struggle between Japan and Russia over Manchuria : Russia's continued occupation of Manchuria ; the Russo- Japanese war, 1904-5, — its causes, leading events, and re- sults; the "open door" policy in China. 95 c. The occupation of Africa by the European Powers: geography of the "dark continent" ; slave trade ; early Dutch and French settlements; the situation in 1815; ex- plorations of Baker, Livingstone, and Stanley; partition of Africa; Congo Free State; Morocco; Egypt; the pres- ent African possessions (or spheres of influence) of England, France, Germany, Portugal, and Spain ; decline of Spain as a colonial power. d. The movement toward universal peace: causes and effects of great armies and navies; the Hague Peace Conferences, 1899. 1907. *Robinson and Beard, TI, 346-372; *Shepherd, 170-171, 174-175. § 45. Some of the Great Problems of Today. (Recitation) a. Governmental problems : suffrage ; written constitutions ; responsible ministries ; initiative and referendum; rights of the individual; ex- tent of the duty of government in settling problems of capital and labor, and in relieving poverty. b. Social problems : extent of poverty ; remedial measures attempted or pro- posed ; municipal enterprises ; trade unions ; cooperation : Utopian socialism ; Marxian socialism ; the Fabians ; ob- jections to socialism. c. Progress and effects of natural science in the 19th cen- tury : progress in geology and its effect on thought ; development of the idea of evolution; discoveries in chemistry, physics, and biology, and their importance for daily life. *Robinson and Beard, II, ch. xxxi. SEP 27 ^Slt