THE 
 
 STRIFE OF BROTHERS: 
 
 IN TWO PARTS. 
 
 WITH NOTES 
 
 " So nahen oft Pilger tiach Salera, 
 Dcren Seelen sich gleicli, und fiir oinander geinachl sind, 
 Sich'iii diesem Leben, uiid fchlsn sich deiinoch. In Salem ^^ 
 
 Sehn sie sich erst, verwunderiid, dass sie sich hicr niclit gefunden. 
 
 Klotstock. 
 
 So pilgrims oft, who on toward Salem fare. 
 
 Soul matched with soul, and formed one lot to share, 
 
 In life's strange vale, on various pathways thrown, 
 
 Approach, and almost meet, and hass unknown: 
 
 In Salem first with kindred glance appear. 
 
 And wondering ask what l«eld them sundered here. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 D. APPLETON & CO. 200- BROADWAY. 
 
 ^ PHILADELPHIA: 
 
 GEORGE S. APPLETON, 143 CHESNUT-ST. 
 MDCCCXLIV. 
 
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THE 
 
 STRIFE OF BPvOTHERS: 
 
 IN TWO PARTS 
 
 WITH NOTES 
 
 ". So nahen oft Pilger nach Salem, 
 Deren Seelen sioh gleich, und fur einander gemacht sind, 
 Sich in diesem Leben, und fehlen sich deimoch. In Salem 
 Sehn sie sich erst, vervvundcrnd, dass sie sich hier nicht gefunden." 
 
 Klopstock 
 
 So pilgrims oft, who on toward Salem fare, 
 
 Soul matched with soul, and formed one lot to share, 
 
 In life's strange vale, on various pathways thrown, 
 
 Approach, and almost meet, and i.ass unknown: 
 
 In Salem first with kindred glance appear. 
 
 And wondering ask what held them sundered here. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 D. APPLETON & CO. 200 BROADWAY 
 
 PHILADELPHIA : 
 
 GEORGE S. APPLETON, 148 CHESNUT-ST. 
 MDCCCXUV. 
 
f€> 
 
 
 O.TIX. 
 
 \ \D0C3 
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1844, by 
 
 D. APPLETON & CO., 
 
 in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Southern District of New- York. 
 
 kew-tork: 
 
 john f. trow & co., printers, 
 
 No. 33 Ann-Street. 
 
THE 
 
 STRIFE OF BROTHERS 
 
 PART T. 
 
 I.' — Oh,2 might I find some sacred, safe retreat, 
 
 Where Truth and gentle Peace might dare to meet ! 
 Where, listening from afar to mark the roar 
 Of passion's waves that died along the shore, 
 My heart and thine might hold the silent way, 
 And only need to love, and toil, and pray ! 
 
 C. — If thou canst guess the years of idol reign, 
 
 Or tell how long 'the Arabian moon must wane, 
 Or count how oft the atheist's sharpened sting* 
 Firm on his head the trampling heel shall brino-, 
 
 ' I. and C. The reader may interpret these letters as signs of the 
 names Irenicus and Catholicus, or of any other titles answering to the 
 sentiments at the head of which they are placed. 
 
 * We can but " anticipate," with Bishop Horsley, " that glorious con- 
 summation, when faith shall be absorbed in knowledge, and the fire of 
 controversy for ever quenched ; when the same generous zeal for God and 
 truth, which, too often, in this world of folly and confusion, sets those at 
 widest variance whom tlie similitude of virtuous feelings should the most 
 unite, shall be the cement of an indissoluble friendship." 
 
 2 " The Arabian moun must wane, to wax no more." — Southey. ' 
 
 * " Pertness and ignorance," says Bishop Home, "may ask a question 
 in three lines, which it will cost learning and ingenuity thirty pages to 
 
Then thou may'st look on that soft reahn of flowers, 
 And build for fancy bright millennial bowers. 
 But while so thick the deadly arrows fly, 
 Lower not a shield, nor cast a javelin by ; 
 For, Salem's walls must rise, as once they rose,^ 
 By builders armed, and mid beleaguering foes. 
 
 I. — Oh, let such task, in battle's front, be mine ; 
 To guard the walls, or bleed before the shrine ! 
 But when sweet hymns are wafted up the aisle,^ 
 And prayer's high incense fills th' o'erarching pile, 
 And all below, mid banners' hostile pride, 
 Terror and wrath are kneeling, side by side, 
 Then sinks my heart; and strength, and courage, dies 
 Such way I learned not, to the starry skies. '^ 
 
 Soft down yon vale, a Sabbath's twilight hour 
 
 Gilds, mid its modest elms, a buttressed tower ; 
 
 And, lingering yet, enfolds with crimson fire 
 
 On the tall hill the far-seen, flashing spire : 
 
 An humbler place of prayer o'erhangs the stream 
 
 That ghdes, a Jordan, through th' enthusiast's dream. 
 
 answer. When this is done, the same question shall be triumphantly 
 asked again the next year, as if nothing had ever been written upon the 
 subject." 
 
 ^ " They which builded on the wall, and they that bare burdens, with 
 those that laded, every one with one of his hands wrought in the work, 
 and with the other hand held a weapon." Nehemiah iv. 17. 
 
 ^ Lord Bacon, in a " Prayer or Psalm " composed by him, exclaims, 
 " I have loved Thy assemblies : I have mourned for the divisions of Thy 
 Churcii : 1 have delighted in tiie brigiitness of Thy sanctuary." " Why," 
 says old Fuller, " should there be so much railing about the body of Christ, 
 when there was none about the body of Moses in the act kept betwixt the 
 devil and Michael the archangel.''" 
 
 ' Non " sic itur ad astra." 
 
If Charlestowu's news once more could rouse the glen, 
 ^Our village still might arm its six-score men : 
 But three sharp peals the echoes woke to-day, 
 And three small bands went up, apart to pray, 
 And thrice went round the cup of mystic grace. 
 And homeward now a threefold path they pace: 
 They could not meet e'en love's own cup to share ; 
 They could not bend in faith's own common prayer ; 
 And as they pass, I mark the whispering fear, 
 The cold, proud glance, the smile almost a sneer : 
 One land they seek — one lord and law they own ; 
 But each small band must win its way alone ! 
 
 C. — Still spread that buttressed tower an ample gate ; 
 
 Schism was their guilt, and schism their wasting fate : 
 The church, the spouse, still wooed them to her arms — 
 
 I. — Wooed, dare 1 say, with Amazonian charms?' 
 As when young Edward sought a Scottish bride,'" 
 And that stout Earl mid smoking fields replied, 
 
 * A prelate of excellent sense and temper, after enumerating twenty- 
 two subdivisions of ilie four most numerous denominations of Christians 
 in the United States, remarks tiiat, " in niost of our villa^f s, one half the 
 church edifices, and one half the clergy, would supply ample accommoda- 
 tions, and better instruction, to the people, at less expense to tlinni, and 
 with increased usefulness to the clergv." 
 
 '"The Church," says Jeremy Taylor, "is not a chimaera, not a 
 shadow, but a company of men bt.'lieving in Jesus Christ; which men 
 either speak by themselves immediately, or by their rulers, or by their 
 proxies and, representatives " 
 
 '" The battle of Musselburgh was fought in 1547, during the invasion 
 of Scotland by the English, when the guardians of Edward the Sixth 
 attempted to compel a marriage between him and the young Queen of 
 Scotland. "About fifteen hundred of both sorts," says Heylin, "were 
 taken prisoners; amongst whirh the daring Earl of Huntley was one of 
 the chief; who, being after asked, how he liked the marriage, is said to 
 have returned this answer: ' That he could well enough brook the wed- 
 ding, but that he did not like that kind of wooing.' " 
 
" He liked not ill, good sooth, the proffered ring, 
 But somewhat roughly wooed the love-lorn king !" 
 So bland from Crito's pen persuasion streams ! 
 With such mild grace th' Ambrosian mitre" beams ! 
 When friends but weep, and champions true retire. 
 Sure, foes must melt beneath such coals of fire. 
 
 No, not by arms like these shall truth subdue 
 ■ The souls that once from arms like these withdrew. 
 When fearless Hampden rose ; when meek disdain 
 Sat on the earnest brow of youthful Vane ;'^ 
 When Cromwell,'^ yet untaught the apostate's art, 
 Spoke the frank fire that warmed an English heart ; 
 No sealing cross by Herbert's finger drawn. 
 Nor Mede's white robe, nor Hall's unsullied lawn. 
 Woke that sad wish which sent the eager eye 
 Where gleamed through Western woods our purple sky. 
 No ; but the train of pomp" mid flocks forgot ; 
 The crosier stretched to crush the outcast's cot ; 
 
 "One American prelate, has described another as "exercising the 
 grace of the Apostleship ;" and another has excused the imperfections 
 of a sermon by " the pressure of the many cares and anxieties connected 
 with the Apostolic office." 
 
 '- " Vane, young in years, but in sage counsel old." — Milton. 
 
 '^ When Cromwell first spoke in Parliament, " Lord Digby, going 
 down the parliament stairs with Mr. Hampden, and not knowing Oliver 
 personally, said, 'Pray, Mr. Hampden, who is that man, for I see he is on 
 our side by his speaking so warmly to-day ?' ' That sloven,' said Mr. 
 Hampden, prophetically, ' whom you see before you, hath no ornament in 
 his speech ; that sloven, I say, if we should ever come to a breach with 
 the king, which God forbid ! in such a case, I say, that sloven will be the 
 greatest man in England.' " 
 
 '* Bishop Burnet, describing two or three of the most pious amongst 
 the Scottish prelates, says of the Presbyterians, " some of the severest of 
 them have owned to me, that if there were many such bishops, they would 
 all be episcopal." Cotton Mather has recorded a similar remark of his 
 father, that, had the bench been tilled in the time of King Charles with 
 such prelates as he found in England under King William, there had been 
 no New England. 
 
The lofty mien that spoke its scorn aloud, 
 
 If robed in gloom some contrite spirit bowed ; 
 
 The might that smote, where hearts had learned to feel, 
 
 E'en erring hearts, the firm confessor's zeal, 
 
 While round the throne its frail and dangerous aid 
 
 Twined like the ivy in some leafless shade. 
 
 In man's strange breast e'en stranger bonds are tied, 
 
 Than e'en though love should wear the brow of pride ; 
 
 But never yet that brow the free o'erawed, 
 
 From conquering Austin'^ down to conquered Laud. 
 
 C. — Green wave the palm above the martyr's rest ; 
 And name him not, or let his name be blessed ! 
 When that pale reverend head fell down at last, 
 And o'er the crimson wave'^ his spirit passed, 
 Oh, could not then the huntsmen's fury cease. 
 And leave the dead, the murdered dead, in peace ? 
 
 I. — Forgive the word that but in sorrow rose : 
 
 I thought on Charles and that last night'' of woes. 
 His own proud halls were silent ; but the clang 
 Of heavy squadrons on the pavement rang, 
 And sometimes reached his ear a stifled sound, 
 While rose the scaffold from the moaning ground, 
 
 '■^ " If this Austin," said the old British licrmit to his countrymen, " be 
 mild and humble of heart, it is liiiely that he himself beareth the yoke of 
 Christ, and will offer you the same to bear. But if he be curst and proud, 
 it is certain that he is not of God, neither must we much esteem his words." 
 "If when ye approach near, he ariseth courteously to you, think you that 
 he is the servant of Christ, and so hear ye him obediently. But if he 
 despise you, nor will vouchsafe to rise at your presence, which are the 
 more in number, let liim likewise be despised of you " Austin failed 
 under the test; but the Saxons were converted, and the Britons were sub- 
 dued. 
 
 •® More than once, in his speech and prayer upon the scaffold, the 
 venerable victim compared his death to the passage of a Red Sea. 
 
 '■^ This affecting incident is related by Sir Thomas Herbert, who passed 
 the night with the king before his execution. 
 
Forms on the tapestry, shadows mid the gloom, 
 
 To fancy's eye half filled the stately room, 
 
 Where still his prayerful watch the monarch kept, 
 
 And, lulled by grief, one true companion slept. 
 
 Mid broken dreams the murdered prelate came ; 
 
 Keen was his glance, unbent his aged frame ; 
 
 But when, it seemed, he caught his king's reply. 
 
 He paused, he fell, with one vast speechless sigh. 
 
 The starting sleeper woke, the scene to tell ; 
 
 And, " strange," said Charles ; " but, though I loved him 
 
 well, 
 Heard he me now, too late his soul had sighed !" 
 Oh, what a tale to bend the brow of pride ! 
 
 C — The brow was smooth, and meek the downcast eye, 
 Where the grave, plotting Puritan went by ! 
 His was no wrathful flash, no sudden blow, 
 Though king and kingdom shared the wild o'erthrow : 
 And when his iron council met to slay. 
 The deep arch-villain turned aside to pray :'^ 
 The axe with Britain's worthiest gore was red ; 
 On the drear moors her chivalry had bled ; 
 Her orphaned church was exiled from her aisles ; 
 He had no tears, he scarce had painful smiles ! 
 But that the Yule fires blazed, '^ that merry May 
 Sent village boys and maidens to their play, 
 
 '^ Cromwell, Ireton, and Harrison, are said to have been engaged in 
 prayer when the axe fell upon the neck of their sovereign ; and it is added, 
 though not on good authority, that it was to deceive Fairfax till it should 
 be too late for his interposition. 
 
 '' Edmund Calamy, preaching before the House of Commons on Chrisl- 
 mas-day, 1644, which was observed as a fast, said, "Truly, I think the 
 superstition and profaneness of this day is so rooted into it, that there is 
 no way to reform it, but by dealing with it as Hezekiah did with the brazen 
 serpent : this year God has buried this feast in a fast, and I hope it wilH 
 never rise again." Prynne was charged with " having railed, not only 
 
That on the Lord's bright morn he could not shroud 
 Fields, towns, and men, in all his spirit's cloud ; 
 That youth was young, that tortured laughter laughed ; 
 These were the woes in his embittered draught ! 
 
 I Yet, calm delights sprung up where, o'er the sea, 
 
 He built a home, and bade that home be free. 
 My own New England ! Oh, not yet forgot 
 Be those blithe days, in that sequestered spot, 
 Where once, mid rural gales, a careless boy 
 Found with the Pilgrims' children health and joy ! 
 That dear old mansion, with its birds and bees. 
 And green boughs tossing in the summer breeze ; 
 The wood, where that wild brook in tumult went ; 
 The lake, where o'er our boat the willows bent ; 
 And sparkling fields from morning casements seen ; 
 And evening shadows on the new-mown green ! 
 What sacred fragrance breathed through all the air? 
 And why seemed every thought almost a prayer ? 
 No spire was there, nor chime of distant bell. 
 Surplice, nor font, nor organ's rolling swell ;' 
 The pastor rose mid gray-haired brethren calm, 
 And but the heart's sweet music winged the psalm : 
 But there was simple faith, and holy fear. 
 And love that triumphed o'er a creed austere ; 
 And the blue skies were all a temple's dome, 
 And a priest worshipped in each quiet home ! 
 Oh, still the stream of joys that deepest glide, 
 With heaven's own sunbeams resting on its tide ; 
 And one pure sparkling cup shall gayer shine 
 Than goblets blushing with the reveller's wine. 
 
 against stage-plays, oomedips, dancing, and all other exercises of the peo- 
 ple, and against such as beheld them, but further, and in particuhir. against 
 hunting, public festivals, Christmas-keeping, bonfires, and Maypoles " 
 
10 
 
 If, e'en where ancient manners bloom no more, 
 Freedom and peace still guard thy native shore ; 
 If, with the flag that bears their onward sway, 
 Floats the true Cross to climes of Western day ; 
 If, from the harvests of ten thousand vales, 
 A song of Christian gladness loads the gale? ; 
 Then honour thou thy sires : beneath their toil 
 High heaven with blessing fed the desert soil, 
 On rocks and sands outspread the vernal sod. 
 And gave them love's own fruits, the seal of God. 
 
 C. — Peace to their dust ! But where they dared to stray, 
 Shall I then fear to tread the worthier way ? 
 E'en from their rest*^" the righteous army call. 
 And bid us love their steps, but shun their fall ! 
 On all the summer plains no living seed 
 Springs half so sure as man's immortal deed : 
 The winds may waft o'er streams and forests wide. 
 And long, long years the buried germ may hide ; 
 But comes a day with genial suns and airs. 
 And springs the wheat, and wave the wasting tares. 
 So, virtuous fruits still wait on virtuous men. 
 Vouchsafed to Wesley, not withheld from Penn ; 
 From exiled sires my country's glory came ; 
 Yet whence but thence my country's wasting shame ? 
 That shame is strife,*^' that draws the unhallowed sword — 
 
 I. — The strife of brethren round their father's board — 
 
 =*" " If not, and I have lost my way, 
 
 Here part we ; go not thou astray. — Montgomery. 
 
 2' The principle of division, or of sects, in opposition to the principle 
 of union as developed in the system of a comprehensive church, has been 
 very forcibly illustrated in a work from the pen of the Rev. Mr. Vail, of 
 Connecticut. 
 
11 
 
 C. — The strife of warriors battling o'er a corse 
 
 That bleeds in dust beneath their charging horse 1 
 Oh, for the days when one white banner flew, 
 And round it close the sacred phalanx drew ! 
 How beauteous then was Zion ! East and West 
 The pilgrim passed, ^^ a glad and welcome- guest ; 
 Though rites of various beauty crossed his way, 
 Like all the hues that tinge the robes of day, 
 Yet true and bright as yon all-circling sun, 
 The faith he bore, the faith he found, was one. 
 Still the same blessing fell from priestly hands ; 
 He heard his father's creed in distant lands ; 
 Thrice^^ called the rolling year the festal throng, 
 While little children lisped his childhood's song ; 
 As evening closed, he staid his weary feet. 
 Where vesper anthems brought his greeting sweet ; 
 And when at morn he turned him from the door, 
 The prayer that summons angels sped before ; 
 And, holiest still, one spotless board was spread, 
 And hallowed hands still broke the living bread, 
 Alike where far o'er isles and waves looked forth 
 Ancient lona,^^ torchlight of the North ; 
 Alike where whispering through Saint Thomas''^ palm, 
 The Indian sea-breeze bore the Syrian psalm. 
 
 ^- " There was a time," says Bishop Home, " and it is pleasing to look 
 back to it, when a Christian, provided with proper credentials from his 
 bisiiop, might travel through the world, from East to West, and from JVortli 
 to South, and be received to communion with his brethren, in any part of 
 the globe then known." 
 
 2^ To this day, where, except in Scotland and the United States, is 
 Christmas, Easter, or Pentecost, iinhonoured ? 
 
 ^* Who has forgotten the stately admiration of Johnson? 
 
 ^^ Bishop Heber seems disposed to listen to the tradition that the Apos- 
 tle Thomas actually reached the point on the Indian shore that bears his. 
 name. 
 
12 
 
 I. — O fairy vision, sweet, but all untrue i^^ 
 
 Like life's young morning, bright with fancy's dew, 
 And lingering still, while memory, gaily blind, 
 Its cares, its toils, its sorrows, flings behind ! 
 Cradled mid storms, and nerved by scenes of fear, 
 The serpent, falsehood, crouching at her ear, 
 To sternest strife" the infant church upsprung. 
 And truth came trembling from her fiery tongue ; 
 Through sternest strife she clasped her treasured theme, 
 Through Marcion's^^ hate, and Manes'^' gorgeous dream ; 
 E'en o'er her PaschaP" feast wild hearts could burn, 
 E'en o'er the contrite recreant's late return :^' 
 
 26 u \Yg need," says the writer of Ancient Christianity, " neither feel 
 surprise nor alarm, when we find, in particular instances, that the gross- 
 est errors of theory and practice are to be traced to their origin in the first 
 century.'' 
 
 -' " Who knows not," asks Bishop Jewel, " how many heresies arose 
 together, from the very times of the Apostles, when the Gospel was first 
 spread aljroad ? Wiio had over before heard of Simon, Menander, Satur- 
 ninus, Basilides, Carpocrates, Cerinthiis, Ebion, Valentinus, Secundus, 
 Marcosius, Colorbasius, Heracleon, Lucian, Severus ? And why mention 
 we these ? Epiphanius enumerafcs eighty distinct heresies, Augustine 
 even more, which grew up together with the Gospel." 
 
 ^^ Marcion received only tiie Epistles of St. Paul, and a Gospel drawn, 
 with many alterations, from that of St Luke; and he "arrayed against 
 cacii otiier the Supreme God and the Demiurge, the God of the Jews," 
 representing the latter as "though not unjust by nature, infected by mat- 
 ter, subject to all the passions of man, cruel, changeable." He was born 
 in the first half of the second century. 
 
 2* " A bold and ambitious adventurer," says Milmnn, " in the career 
 of religious change, atteiripted to unite the conflicting elements ; to recon- 
 cile the iiostile genius of the East and the West ; to fuse together, in one 
 comprehensive scheme, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, and apparently, the 
 Buddhism of India." " In the East and in the West, the doctrines spread 
 with the utmost rapidity ; and the deep impression which they made upon 
 the mind of man may be estimated by Maniclieism having become, almost 
 throughout Asia and Europe, a by-word of religious animosity." He was 
 born about 240. 
 
 '" The contention respecting the time of celebrating Easter must have 
 begun almost as early as the first propagation of the Gospel, and was 
 deemed by the Bishop of Rome, towards the end of the second century, 
 sufficiently iuiportant to justify an interruption of communion. Syria and 
 Mesopotamia followed the Jewish rule till the Council of Nice. 
 
 3' The Novatiin and Donatist schisms originated in questions concern- 
 inff those who had yielded, more or less, under the fury of persecution. 
 
13 
 
 Then spoke in vain Nicsea's just decree, 
 
 Free swelled the Arian hymns^- o'er shore and sea ; 
 
 From rival shrines^^^ unhallowed lightnings burst, 
 
 And half the realm of Christ held half accursed ; 
 
 Then, Latin zeal the hosts of heaven adored ; 
 
 Then, Grecian wrath allured the Moslem sword ; 
 
 Till silence wrapped the ashes of the East, 
 
 And Western strife with truth's old freedom ceased. 
 
 When spake the Church like one sweet lyre the same. 
 
 Since on the spot^^ that gave its dearest name. 
 
 In victory's earliest dawn apostles strove. 
 
 Fast by the shades of Daphne's trembling grove ? 
 
 '2'. — Not long they strove : the mists in morning's beam 
 Float on the hills, and shroud the sleepless stream ; 
 So doubt and error met that purer ray, 
 And melting as it climbed, fled fast away. 
 On the long river's side, a thousand waves 
 -Break on the rocks, or dash down hidden caves ; 
 But doubts the voyager more where, far and free, 
 Points the broad channel onward to the sea ? 
 
 I. — Yet, the same hand that poiu'ed from heaven the tide, 
 Each humblest drop along its course shall guide ; 
 
 ^'^ Arius composed hymns in accordance with his opinions, to be sung 
 by seamen, travellers, and labourers. After the Council of Rimini, "the 
 world groaned," says St. Jerome, " to find itself Arian." It was, indeed, 
 but for a moment ; yet a strong minority, embracing whole nations, re- 
 mained for at least two centuries. 
 
 ^^ " The persecutions which followed," says Bishop White, " are suf- 
 ficient to render problematical how far so gross a departure from the spirit 
 of the Gospel ouglit to permit, from that time, the more testimony of the 
 Church to be evidence of the purity of its doctrine." 
 
 3^ " But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the 
 face." Galatians ii. 11. 
 
14 
 
 Nor finds the Nile a home less sure at last, 
 
 For all the sevenfold way its waters passed. 
 
 I count not, man by man, each bannered host, 
 
 To plant my faith, and cast my lot, with most ; 
 
 Nor lofty words my steadfast heart appal, 
 
 That name the voice of most the voice of all.^^ 
 
 Nestorius erred : I hail the judgment true, 
 
 But not because Nestorius marshalled few, 
 
 Nor e'en, though banned and hunted o'er and o'er, 
 
 They fled from shouting councils, ^^ one or four ! 
 
 If Asia bow before the partial train 
 
 That met and clamoured on the Ephesian plain, ^^ 
 
 How low must England's stubborn knee be bent. 
 
 When the vast West speaks forth from solemn Trent ! 
 
 Strong is the arm of myriads ; strong their cry, 
 Whose many pinions scale the upper sky : 
 Yet lifts them there no word more sure or sweet. 
 Than that whose promise rests where twain shall meet ; 
 Than that which hovers where some lonely saint 
 For heavenly wisdom pours to heaven his plaint. 
 
 ■'^ " The Church," says Archbishop Whately, " is one, and so is the 
 human race one; but not as a society." An acute German theologian 
 expresses the same thought with more fulness : " the inward Church is 
 necessarily and always a single body, (ij cKKXrjaia tuv 6eov, rruma 'Kpicrov ;) 
 but the Church become outward is such only through the medium of the 
 inward, otherwise it consists of several, iracrai at h-xAnaiai tmii ay'iMv." Bishop 
 Butler speaks of " the whole visible Church," as identical with " all Chris- 
 tian communities." 
 
 36 u w^g reverence, "says Burnet, " ihose Councils for the sake of their 
 doctrine ; but do not believe the doctrine for the authority of the Coun 
 cils." "Besides that they are excellent instruments of peace," says Jer- 
 emy Taylor, " the best human judicatories in the world, rare sermons for 
 the determining a point in controversy, and the greatest probability for 
 human authority ; besides these advantages, I say, I know nothing greater 
 that general councils can pretend to, with reason and argument sulficient 
 to satisfy any wise man." 
 
 ^' " This Assembly," says Neander, " was partly the blind instrument 
 of Cyril, who by various arts succeeded in securing sovereign influence 
 over it, and partly was governed by a wild fanaticism." 
 
15 
 
 That wisdom's sunbeam makes the simple wise, 
 And lights all willing hearts and waking eyes ; 
 That wisdom's manna lies o'er all the ground, 
 Till all that search their sacred feast have found. 
 
 C. — Then, welcome all ; for all such search shall boast : 
 It waves on every pennon of the host. 
 The Wesleyan searched ; and lo, the mingled seed. 
 Where powerless prelates''® mould a shapeless creed ; 
 Where -perfect love^^ the darts of wrath can. aim, 
 And perfect pureness leap the verge of shame ! 
 See, through their camp, mid circling forests dim, 
 Glides the loose ruffian to the midnight hymn ; 
 The village beauty bares her maiden charms ; 
 High lifts the impostor loud his sinewy arms ; 
 Till terrors wild with wilder raptures close. 
 And strewed they lie, like herds, in strange repose ! 
 
 I. — Yet, truth should tell how £>nce, when slept the priest^" 
 O'er his drained goblet ind his evening feast, 
 They sought the minpr, as the sun went down, 
 Or pierced the lanes that thread the ^'erswarming town ; 
 How at their cry the iron bosom heaved, 
 The scoffer prajed, the illumined poor believed ; 
 
 '" Wesley did not hesitate to write, in 1785, " f firmly believe I am a 
 scriptural EirttTKOTro; as mi;cli as any man in England or in Europe. For 
 the uninterrupted succession I know to be a fable, which no man ever did 
 or can prove." 
 
 3^ The doctrine of Wesley is thus expressed by himself: "It remains, 
 then, that Christians are saved in this world from all sin, from all un- 
 righteousness ; that they are now, in such a sense perfect as not to commit 
 sin, and to be freed from evil thoughts and evil tempers." 
 
 ^''"O, S'lr," exclaims Wesley, in a letter to a clergyman, in 1749, 
 " what at7 idle thing is it for you to dispute about lay-preachers.' Is not 
 a lay-proaclier preferable to a drunken preacher.' to a cursing, swearing 
 preacher .'" " Some may censure me," says Whitefield, " but is there not 
 a cause .■' Pulpits are denied, and the poor colliers are ready to perish for 
 lack of knowledge." 
 
16 
 
 How Paul*' seemed risen in their apostle's fire ; 
 
 How David's spirit*^ touched their psalmist's lyre : 
 
 How first beside the settler's cot they stood, 
 
 Or with the boatman by the lonely flood, 
 
 Or sought the hunter mid his wild-wood reign, 
 
 Or the slave panting on through fields of cane ; 
 
 No spire above, save those old giant trees. 
 
 No strain save theirs, and that deep Western breeze ! 
 
 C. — Then turn, and mark how still such search could end, 
 When sank the Christian, and rose up the Friend ! 
 Palled with the word,*^ above the word he flew, 
 And fi'om his own heart's heaven a spirit drew : 
 First, on the startled aisle it poured its dream, 
 With naked form and more than maniac scream ; 
 Next, calmer zeal each precious rite denied. 
 The twofold stream from that once wounded side ; 
 Then, sinking far, exhausts its love and fire 
 On words antique and coirtiers' old attire ; 
 And last, contentment seek-, an humbler prize. 
 Health, wealth, and comfort, i.\\ beneath the skies ; 
 And, faith and fancy lost in one decay, 
 The world remains, the world in sober gray !*^ 
 
 ••' The description of Whitefield by Cowper, equally paints his greaH 
 rival and friend. 
 
 " He followed Paul, his zeal a kindred flame, 
 His apostolic charity the same ; 
 Like him crossed cheerfully tempestuous seas, 
 Forsaking country, kindred, friends, and ease , 
 Like him he laboured, and, like him content 
 To bear it, suffered shame where'er he went." 
 « No writer of sacred poetry, in our language, has equalled the ardour 
 and boldness of Charles Wesley. 
 
 « " We may not," says Barclay, " call the Scriptures the principal 
 fountain of all truth and knowledge, nor yet the first adequate rule of faith 
 and manners." 
 
 ** The progress of Quakerism from the times of George Fox to the 
 
17 
 
 -Too sad, too sadly true, the bitter tale : 
 Yet not e'en there the dews of mercy fail. 
 Calm women preached of peace, and smiled at death ; 
 Gazing on Penn, fierce sachems held their breath ; 
 And truth but sighs for strains to freedom dear, 
 When yon high clarion lay^' is in her ear. 
 
 -In Christian lands a Roman's classic zeal ; 
 In Christian breasts what upright Bramins feel. 
 But e'en the bleak bare mount has charms sublime, 
 And such the faith that knows nor rite nor time. 
 Such charms are none, where, far along the land. 
 Each hamlet groans beneath its rudest band,^® 
 Who meet, with stifled hearts and bended brows, 
 To rend the white robe of the unsullied spouse ; 
 Intent alone, that when, through streams they scorn. 
 To joy's new life the heir of heaven is born, 
 No secret spot, no half unmoistened hair, 
 Like young Pelides' heel, the death may bear ; 
 Intent alone that still those streams may shed 
 Their balm on all except the guileless head ; 
 Intent alone, o'er many an age's track, 
 To call the bliss of Pagan childhood back ! 
 
 times of the author of " Pantika," and "Visits to Remarkable Places,'.' 
 certainly contains one step more than this description ; for tlic world of 
 William Howitt has all its natural colours. 
 
 ■»* American poetry has known no sounds so arousing as those whirh 
 have issued from the home of a Massachusetts Friend; one whose manly 
 zeal for the rights and happiness of his fellow-men is in most painful 
 contrast with his disdain for institutions which, at the least, he must own 
 to be coeval with the Gospel. 
 
 ■•^ The author of " Spiritual Despotism " describes the sect of Baptists 
 as " a small party of Christians, by no means outshining their brethren in 
 solid Christian virtues, or in amiable and heavenly dispositions, shutting 
 themselves up in their little munition and spiritual pride, a city walled up 
 to heaven; and there unchristianizing, or at least unchurching, ali. 
 Christendom." 
 
 2 
 
18 
 
 I. — Another charm those simple hearts'"' awoke ; 
 " We go but where the path our Master spoke :" 
 And not untinged with praise the blame that waits 
 When error dwells so near devotion's gates. 
 Next, on the sons the fathers' mantles fall ; 
 So Foster wrote, so spoke the soul of Hall, 
 So Tervius walks, a million's single boast, 
 And towers, like Saul, a head o'er all the host. 
 
 C. — And if a kindly heart so much atone. 
 
 Light be their cares, who on the fiery throne 
 As calmly gaze as on some earthly flame. 
 And bow no knee to own their Saviour's name ! 
 For, candid Lardner loved a gentle lore ; 
 And Channing's plea was heard on every shore ; 
 And many a pastor sits, content to twine 
 Above his rural porch the household vine. 
 With studies mild beguile the sober hours, 
 And steal the thorns of virtue from the flowers, 
 And cherish every truth, and every grace. 
 Except the Cross,^* except the strenuous race ! 
 
 I. — If, early trained to deem the dazzling truth 
 
 A glorious dream, that passed with reason's youth, 
 Or lured too far where faith and sense must part, 
 The erring mind outran the steadfast heart ; 
 
 ■•' Where the information of a body of men is limited, the argument 
 which requires the plain words of Scripture for every usage, has its utmost 
 effect. It is a mere point of history, and not mentioned in any disparaging 
 spirit, that the intellectual strength of the Baptists has never been propor- 
 tionate with their numbers, and that the wisest amongst them have ap- 
 peared to owe their sectarian principles to education alone. 
 
 48 u The Unitarians," says one of their most eminent antagonists, " are 
 Eclectics in religion ; they do not follow the Bible as it is,, but take only 
 what suits their antecedent principles." 
 
19 
 
 If thus, while night still shades the morning's brow, 
 They seek and love the beams they know not now ; 
 It is not mine to ck)om ; and I can trust 
 The love that dwelt and felt with mortal dust : 
 He can forgive, where failed the evil will ; 
 Where He condemns, I suffer and am still. 
 
 But scorn shall rest, high scorn and fervent shame, 
 On those whose bread is truth their lips defame ; 
 Whose Christian terms the web of falsehood weave ; 
 Who soothe, and preach, and pray, and disbelieve ! 
 The word they strove to bend they strive to blot ; 
 Each brightest name becomes an odious spot ; 
 " Here erred the scribe i*^ there spoke a childlike age ; 
 There pious craft threw in its fabling page :" 
 Till, tired beneath so vast and vain a task. 
 The man, the scholar, drops the idle mask, 
 And forth Hortensius stands, whose flowing phrase 
 Tells how each seer and old apostle strays ; 
 And glowing Roscidus, in bird-like song. 
 With themes of sweet romance enchants the throng, 
 Then on Almighty Truth exhausts his rage. 
 And beats his wings against the unyielding cage. 
 Oh, better far,^" though sad e'en then the choice, 
 To lift in lofty halls the patriot voice, 
 
 ■IS Belsham could even reason thus on a passage of Scripture : " Tt may 
 have been a slip of the Apostle's tongue in dictating ; or a mistake of his 
 amanuensis; or an error of some early transcriber; or there maybe a 
 various readino-; or the words might be intended in a different sense ; or 
 the Apostle might not study perfect correctness of language; or there 
 might be some oilier reason which cannot be discovered. I will give up 
 the text as altojether inexplicable, sooner than I will believe that the 
 Apostle intended, in this casual, incidental manner, to teach a doctrine so 
 new and incredible." . 
 
 '"" Several of the ablest political and historical venters of our country, 
 have exchanged the Unitarian ministry for pursuits which have yielded 
 them civil advancement and literary renown. 
 
20 
 
 And win perhaps from Isis' lettered pride 
 What Isis' steadfast faith had still denied ; 
 Or grace with one more wreath our country's sire^ 
 Or fling one torch to faction's guilty fire ! 
 
 C. — Yet bolder feet, and darker depths, are there : 
 Nor scowls a way that freedom shall not dare. 
 They reach that gate on that tremendous shore, 
 Where hope, that comes to all, must come no more :^^ 
 Down at their touch the awful vision falls ; 
 Sink the red vaults, and pass the flaming walls ; 
 And fiends lie tranquil on their smouldering bed, 
 And guilt may walk the earth with fearless tread. 
 
 I. — Oh, passed alone the scene of Dante's awe. 
 Or that deep world our blind old Milton saw ! 
 But on they glide ; this realm of shadow flies ; 
 And one by one the dread adventure tries ; 
 A moment's light a wide, wide realm can show, 
 And ears long closed may wake to sounds of wo. 
 But if e'en now they seek our hallowed name, 
 I only hear the scoffer's jesting claim,^^ 
 The hirehng's feint, the apostate's lingering fear. 
 That dares not part wit\i all which once was dear. 
 
 C. — But on a way obscure, witho<jt a guide, 
 
 It were not strange that many a foot should slide : 
 
 *' " All hope abandon, ye who enter here." — Dante. 
 " A dungeon horrible, on all sides round 
 As one great furnace, flamed ; yet from these flames 
 No light, but rather darkness visible 
 Served only to discover sights of wo, 
 Regions of sorrow, doleful shades, where peace 
 And rest can never dwell, hope never conies 
 That comes to all." — Milton. 
 ^* The religion which denies a future retribution on wickedness, is bn» 
 a form of irreligion. 
 
21 
 
 Where all may read, sure some must read amiss — 
 
 I. — Who oped a way obscure to life and bliss ? 
 Who wrote a page where each resplendent line, 
 Till man's pale torches came, in vain should shine ? 
 Ask thine own honest heart, and that shall tell ; 
 The hand that all things made, made all things well : 
 Truth to the true He gave ; whate'er their need. 
 The hasting travellers'^ still may haste, and read ; 
 And if it soar or hide beyond their view. 
 It is not needful, or they are not true. 
 
 C. — And must I wander on, through doubt and gloom. 
 And find my path to meet the eternal doom, 
 Armed with no staff of wisdom save mine own, 
 A desert pilgrim, trembling and alone ? 
 Another sight had on my fancy smiled : 
 A mother bent above her nestling child ; 
 Serene her brow, and innocent, and grave, 
 And ere she spake, a gentle answer gave ; 
 Round his young form her matron vesture hung, 
 And close in love, and close in fear, he clung, 
 And still would turn, from wars and storms unblessed, 
 And sink to peace on that dear, faithful breast. 
 
 ^* Declarations like that of Taylor, " all the articles of faith are clearly 
 and plainly set down in Scripture, and the Gospel is not hid, except from 
 them that are lost ;" like that of Locke, " if the poor had the Gospel 
 preached to them, it was, without doubt, such a Gospel as the poor could 
 understand, plain and intelligible ;" like that of Waterland, "I doubt not 
 to say that the Scripture is plain enough in this cause for any honest Turk 
 or Indian to judge of, who is but able to discern the difference between 
 wresting a text and giving it an easy and natural interpretation ;" like 
 that of Bishop Conybeare, " points of absolute necessity to be known are 
 laid down with a clearness suitable to their importance ; every man of 
 common capacity, by using tlie proper means of instruction, may satisfy 
 his mind about them ;" might be multiplied to any extent, from the writ- 
 ings of the most illustrious and pious of Protestant Christians. 
 
22 
 
 In such a home was meek Augustin'^ proud ; 
 With such a trust Cambray's good prelate" bowed ; 
 And such the lay that still in England's ear 
 Chants the sweet flow of all her sacred year. 
 
 , 56 
 
 I. — O, soldier of the Cross, away with dreams I 
 Bright on thy path the noontide glory streams ! 
 In power, in love, in wisdom's steadfast mind, 
 Arise, and leave the moonlight camp behind 1 
 Thine be the hope that beamed on Luther's brow, 
 When near he marked" the sparrow on the bough, 
 And knew it safe mid all that boundless blue, 
 And knew his Maker's skill to him as true ; 
 Or his, whose step through years of triumph hied 
 From old Damascus e'en to Tiber's side, 
 
 ^* " I should not even believe the Gospel," says St. Augustin, " did 
 not the authority of the Church oblige me." 
 
 S5 "Such," says Fenelon, " are those amiable Saints who have been 
 nourished and perfected in the bosom of the mother Church. Do you not 
 wish to be of their communion, and to love like them the mother whom 
 they have so tenderly loved .' You must become, like them, a simple and 
 a little child, that you may suck the milk of her breasts." In a letter 
 written but two days before his death, he says, " I seek but to be, without 
 judgment and without will of my own, in the hands of the Church our 
 holy mother." 
 
 5^ A discriminating criticism on the poems called " Lyra Apostolica," 
 has these remarks : " When the writers of the Lyra think more correctly, 
 we believe that they will sing more sweetly. There is what Johnson 
 would call a ponderosity, and a gloom, about their compositions, which 
 •we cannot but attribute mainly to the sad cast of thought which is the 
 natural and necessary attendant on religious views such as those that arc 
 held by writers of their school. Their religious path is a painful one, and 
 with painful steps they tread it. Their wings are heavy, and the atmos- 
 phere they fly in is dark and misty. They remind us of another voyager, 
 bound on a very diflerent work: 
 
 ' So he with difficulty and labour hard 
 Moved on; with difficulty and labour he.' 
 
 Every word is expressive of toil. The author of the Christian Year 
 once wrote in a far sweeter strain, because he had a blither heart." 
 
 " The incident is related in the history of Luther. It was at some 
 period when his mind was ready to sink under the weight of the task 
 assigned him by Providence ; a single man, as he was, against every eccle- 
 siastical authority which he had been trained to revere. 
 
23 
 
 Who, while with heaven his own bold breast was warm, 
 Stood up alone, and met the howling storm : 
 No holy mother's clasping arms knew he, 
 Save Salem in the skies, the city free ! 
 
THE 
 
 STRIFE OF BROTHERS 
 
 PART II. 
 
 C. — Dear morn of heaven I How calmly o'er the vale 
 Yon thin white clouds like barks of glory sail ! 
 Beneath their flight the solemn woods repose ; 
 Yet sunbeams flash where every streamlet flows : 
 No shout of toil comes wafted o'er the plain, 
 And scarce a breath waves light the autumnal grain 
 But heaven and earth have found a tuneful voice, 
 And the skies waken, and the groves rejoice. 
 Oh, why, to human notes must discord cling, 
 And nature's harp still want its noblest string ! 
 
 I. — And hark, the early peal of holy time! 
 Still hark, a loftier ! still, a softer chime ! 
 Not with the mingling clash of strife or fear. 
 But answering each to each, so sweet and clear, 
 That, while the strain along the woodland dies. 
 The echoes seem still lingerinD; in the skies. 
 E'en thus, perhaps, our blended praise may soar. 
 And reach, without a jar, yon blissful shore. 
 
25 
 
 Stars, wiih their differing glory, gild the night, 
 And heaven has room for e'en the comet's flight ; 
 An hundred flowers for one bright chaplet bloom, 
 Each bears its hue, its blossom, its perfume ; 
 The smiles that stamp one human brow divine, 
 Mid millions sought, from none beside can shine ; 
 And human voices sweet have many a tone, 
 But one sole lip is each sweet voice's throne. 
 So, the same hand' our powers and passions gave, 
 And made us gaily warm or calmly grave : 
 One leaps the awful chasm with joyous bound. 
 And one glides timorous o'er the trodden ground ; 
 Each state and form some righteous mind can charm ; 
 Law's sceptred might, and freedom's vigorous arm ; 
 Coluum, and spire, and pinnacle, and dome ; 
 The Attic porch, the arch of conquering Rome ; 
 The choral peal far rolling o'er the throng. 
 The simple strain that wafts the rural song ; 
 The stately rites which solemn minsters see. 
 The plain, plain board where bends no suppliant knee ; 
 The modest path where steadfast hearts retire, 
 And, flashing on, the enthusiast's generous fire : 
 Why may not love, through all, its image trace, 
 And clasp the various scene in one embrace ? 
 
 C. — It may, it must ; and thus the church of old 
 
 Could walk in weeds of shame, or crowns of gold ; 
 
 ' The remarks of Frederick Scl)legel, a convert to Romanism, on the 
 Reformation, are susceptible of other applications. " At any rate, we 
 should in no case immoderately repine at such an event, and murmur 
 against destiny, that is to say, the ruling Providence which permits the 
 occurrence of such evils. The permission by God of a mere human, un- 
 sanctioned enterprise, nay, of a mighty, general, protracted, and incurable 
 division amongst mankind, — a system of opposition, with all its unhappy 
 consequences, its moral impediments, and its political disasters ; such a 
 permission forms, as I have already observed, the great enigma of history ; 
 the wonderful secret of the divine decrees in the conduct of mankind, ae 
 well as in the conduct of individuals." 
 
26 
 
 Stretched its dread hands'^ to sanction Cyril's vow, 
 And bind the mitre on Synesius'^ brow ; 
 Amidst imperial gems its laurels wove, 
 And fixed its shrine beneath the German grove.^ 
 But love with faith abides ; and faith must cling, 
 Where o'er the ark^ the cherub spreads its wing : 
 Thence, near and far, their tender eyes behold 
 The Gentile courts, and flocks of many a fold ; 
 But on the tribes, within their chosen walls, 
 Each holiest gleam of promised glory falls ; 
 On that sole spot was Sion's ancient trust, 
 They dare not cast its barriers down to dust. 
 
 ^ Cyril of Alexandria, the fiercest opponent of heresy amongst all the 
 fathers, was the last of all the bishops to give his consent that the name of 
 St. Chrysostom should be mentioned in the dyptichs, for his uncle The- 
 ophilus, whom he succeeded, had been the great adversary of Chrysostom. 
 " But whatever the fault of Cyril might be," says the Roman Catholic, 
 Alban Butler, in his Lives of the Saints, " his defence of the Catholic faith 
 against Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, made sufficient amends 
 for it." 
 
 •'' Synesius was a philosopher of Cyrene, who was chosen by the Chris- 
 tians of Ptolemais to be their bishop, and consecrated by the Patriarch 
 Theophilus, of Alexandria. He was married, and declared his intention 
 still to live in wedlock. He declared also to Theophilus, with an upright 
 love of truth, that he could not reconcile his philosophical convictions in 
 many points with the doctrines of the Church ; as he adhered to the pre- 
 existence of souls, and gave to the doctrine of the resurrection a peculiar 
 interpretation. Yet the persecutor of Chrysostom, and tiie tutor of Cyril, 
 could lay his hands upon Synesius, who was otherwise one of the noblest 
 characters of the early Church ; but whose writings, says Milman, 
 " blend, with a very scanty Christianity, the mystic theology of the later 
 Platonism, but it is rather philosophy adopting Christian language, than 
 Christianity moulding philosophy to its own uses." 
 
 * " Unquestionably," says Schlegel, " the two conflicting elements in 
 that eventful period, which contained the first germs of all modern civili- 
 zation, the freeborn energy of Germanic nature, and the Romanic refine- 
 ment, science, and language, were happily blended and harmonized by the 
 Christian religion only." 
 
 5 " I have Moses and the prophets," says Bourdalone, " I have Thy 
 Church, Lord, to guide me, and it suffices me. I know where that Church 
 is found ; I know by what succession since St. Peter, or rather since Jesus 
 Christ, it has been brought down to us ; I know wliere our fathers have 
 revered it, where they have consulted it, how it has .spoken to them, and 
 with what respect and obedience they have listened. There I abide, and 
 it is enough for me." 
 
27 
 
 I. — It is not love, the love that stooped to save, 
 
 Which builds the walls that made that Sion's grave ; 
 
 Which, searching wide through love's own heavenly page, 
 
 And down the path of faith's first glowing age, 
 
 But gathers link by link, with toilsome pain. 
 
 To frame the severing, not the binding, chain, 
 
 From Sinai's quiver next its shafts would bring. 
 
 And on the air the words of lightning fling, 
 
 No milder guilt than Uzzah's touch would know, 
 
 And speak no softer fate than Korah's wo.® 
 
 C. — Yet, so the kinsman of the Purest' spake ; 
 And so the fisher of that holy lake' — 
 
 I. — So such may speak, who, like in all beside, 
 
 Mark, as they marked,^ the mounting step of pride, 
 
 ^ " This is the crime," says Bishop Hobart, quoting Bishop Home, " for 
 which the leprosy once rose up in the forehead of a monarch, and Korah 
 and his company, holy as they all thought themselves to be, went down 
 alive into the pit." " Was it," says the former prelate again, " was it for 
 a violation only of charity and internal unity, and not for a resistance to 
 the priesthood of the Jewish Church, that Korah and his associates were 
 punished, and that it is said of Christians, there are some who perish in 
 the gainsaying of Korah ?" A similar reply is heard from an able writer. 
 "It is no trivial offence, we may be sure, and no slight peril, to miscall 
 God's work and Satan's. This was, in substance, the very sin of the 
 Pharisees, which our Lord branded with the mark of unpardonable blas- 
 phemy." 
 
 ^ St. Jude was one of those who are called the brethren of the Saviour. 
 ^ " Last came, and last did go 
 
 The pilot of the Galilean lake ; 
 Two massy keys he bore, of metals twain ; 
 The golden opes, the iron shuts amain; 
 He shook his mitred locks." — Milton. 
 
 ' The men described by St. Jude and St. Peter, were such as " defiled 
 the flesh, despised dominion, spoke evil of dignities, ran greedily after the 
 errors of Balaam for reward, walked after their own ungodly lusts, spoke 
 great swelling words, had men s persons in admiration because of advan- 
 tage, were sensual, had not the Spirit, privily brought in damnable here- 
 sies, counted it pleasure to riot in the daytime, had eyes full of adultery, 
 and sported themselves with their own deceivings," while they feasted 
 with the disciples. 
 
28 
 
 The secret haunts of shame, the impious gain, 
 Like that false seer's, who fell mid Midian's slain ! 
 These were not theirs, who with the venturous sail, 
 Caught from their own far land the Eastern gale, 
 And sought a home where endless summer smiles 
 On the still ocean and the coral isles : 
 When the stout seaman dashed a tear-drop by. 
 And freedom's stars went down the distant sky, 
 They turned them from the shore ; alone they knelt. 
 And rose, and mid the mild barbarians dwelt, 
 And long, lone years of grief and slander bore, 
 But gave the church one Christian people more ! 
 
 C. — I will not say, what holier lips have said, 
 
 How angel light may wrap a demon's tread — 
 
 I. — Thou wilt not ; no ! at our own side they grew ; 
 
 Their homes, their paths, their words, their hearts, we 
 
 knew ; 
 And when we hung below the bright ascent. 
 Far up they passed, and called us as they went. 
 If all that in us'" owns the eternal beam. 
 As to the sunlight sparkles back the stream ; 
 If all that breathes of heaven, each imaged grace 
 That shone on earth from One thrice glorious face ; 
 If deeds, and gifts, and pains, and morn and eve, 
 And life, and death, still watched, can still deceive ; 
 
 '""In this manner," says Mr. Verplanck, "the lives, tempers, and 
 characters of the mass of those who freely embrace, or decidedly reject, a 
 religion, will afford, if not unerring, yet certainly very strong indications 
 of the source from whence it springs." " The testimony," says Neander, 
 "which the true Christians gave to their Lord by their conversation, the 
 sanctifying power of the Gospel which displayed itself in their lives, was 
 most mightily effectual to the conversion of the heathen." 
 
29 
 
 Then, e'en the stone that bears our faith might fail, 
 And Bethlehem's scenes might prove a minstrel's tale. 
 Thou canst not doubt. 
 
 C. — I doubt not. From the hills 
 That meet the cloud, rush down a thousand rills. 
 And the glad flood o'erleaps its channel wide, 
 And they that till the desert drink its tide. 
 The church must grasp the promise, yet afar 
 The wise behold and love the unknown star. 
 
 I. — Love, then, is there, and faith : where these can glow, 
 A Christian bosom must not find a foe. 
 No brighter seal can mark thy dearest ties, 
 Than that which makes thy passport to the skies : 
 Who comes with this, be still thy honoured guest ; 
 So clasp thy Saviour's image to thy breast. 
 
 C. — But when from all the earth, his ransomed land, 
 He summoned to his feet a sacred band. 
 The anointed twelve, too soon the true eleven, 
 And pledged their thrones, and gave the keys" of 
 
 heaven. 
 And laid the crystal walls, whose rising towers 
 Should mock the infernal gates with all their powers ; 
 When, from his foes, the fieriest heart of all. 
 And that meek Son of Comfort, at his call, 
 Subdued by love, the seed of glory cast. 
 And sheltered round the firstlings from the blast ; 
 
 " " But the keys," says Bishop Jewel in his Apology, " we, with 
 Chrysostom, affirm to be the knowledge of the Scriptures ; with Tertul- 
 lian, to be the interpretation of the law ; with Eusebius, to be the word 
 of God." 
 
30 
 
 Then, far as e'er their peaceful triumph rolled, 
 
 In every vale'^ a prelate watched his fold ; 
 
 Then, then began the line that cannot end ;'^ 
 
 Who from the bride'* the bridegroom's arm shall rend? 
 
 I. — In fancy's lonely hour, when earth is still, 
 
 And sleeps before the throne thy chastened will, 
 Let him be nigh who, at that paschal board. 
 Leaned on his Lord ere yet the cup was poured, 
 Or him who heard the unuttered words above, 
 A cymbal's clash, he deemed, if lost to love ; 
 Or, should thy heart yet higher answer seek. 
 Stand on the Olive Mount, and humbly speak : 
 " In days long past, when zeal and fear were strong, 
 The sacred bond of peace sustained a wrong ; 
 From their home altars and their priestly line 
 Went steadfast forth, my brethren's sires and mine ; 
 Thou all their love, or grief, or hate couldst see, 
 And all they bore or spurned was marked by Thee. 
 Still bleeds the wound ; fresh heave the bosom pains ; 
 But the same life rolls warm through distant veins ; 
 From the same word the same pure truth they bring ; 
 In the same strains the same sweet praise they sing ; 
 With one trine name one cleansing wave is blessed, 
 One memory dear at one dread board confessed ; 
 
 12 "We know beyond doubt," says the author of Spiritual Despotism, 
 " that, until the seamless coat of Christ was rent by angry spirits, the breth- 
 ren of every city, and its suburbs, formed one communion, and ate of one 
 loaf, and were led and ruled by one staff. There was one centre, and 
 one circumference ; or rather, one fold and one shepherd. " 
 
 " " Let others," says Bishop Atterbury, in a sermon to the Sons of the 
 Clergy, "justify their mission as they can : we judge not those without; 
 but are sure, we can justify that of our fathers, by an uninterrupted suc- 
 cession from Christ himself; a succession which hath already continued 
 longer than the Aaronical priesthood, and will, we doubt not, still con- 
 tinue, till the Church militant, and time itself, shall be no more." 
 
 14 u The bridegroom desires," says Fenelon, " but one sole bride. By 
 what right have men constituted several .'" 
 
31 
 
 And, save the unbroken link and ruling hand, 
 The same true guides before their altars stand ; 
 And all the fruits that holiest soil should bear, 
 Hope, joy and inward heaven, alike are there : 
 Say, must I call, or wait, the sweeping flame, 
 Or dare I yield the covenant's boundless claim ?" 
 
 C. — A glowing answer rose within my heart, 
 " Who not against us wars, is on our part ; 
 One name is preached, and there my joys abide ; 
 Far as we may, still press we side by side !" 
 But then I paused, and heard that mightiest prayer, 
 Which flowed serene on Cedron's twilight air, 
 " That all who trust My word but one may be, 
 As, Father, I in them, and Thou in Me !" 
 Now on my ear those later echoes fall, 
 That ask one mind and heart and word from all : 
 And faith accepts and loves the just control. 
 And sacred order triumphs in my soul. 
 
 I. — And comes no voice from all that glorious deep, 
 The Shepherd's love for every wandering sheep. 
 Whispering in tones like these, " Had I designed 
 To one pure spot My healing might to bind, 
 1 had not left'^ so many a lovely way, 
 Where tenderest hearts could scarce but turn astray : 
 Who gave thee power My word's keen sway to bound, 
 To tell where prayer shall kneel on holy ground, 
 
 1^ The words of Paley are : " It cannot be proved that any form of 
 church government is laid down in the Christian, as it had been in the 
 Jewish Scriptures, with a view of fixing a constitution for succeeding ages, 
 and which constitution, consequently, the disciples of Christianity would 
 every where, and at all times, by the very law of their religion, be obliged 
 to adopt." 
 
32 
 
 Or whence alone the Spirit's wind shall blow, 
 Or when alone the mystic blood-stream flow ?" 
 
 C. — I saw, when up the sapphire heavens He passed, 
 On the lone twelve His mantling Spirit cast ; 
 And as His outstretched hands the blessing shed, 
 So theirs were laid on many a reverend head : 
 Who gave me power'^ beyond that bound to range. 
 And see His fold mid all this war of change ? 
 
 I. — The same who bled all contrite hearts to win ; 
 The same who fixed his kingdom's throne within ; 
 The same who sat by Shechem's ancient well ; 
 Whose healing bread to Canaan's daughter fell ; 
 Who looked beneath a warrior Roman's mail, 
 And bade the heathen's mightier faith prevail. 
 
 C. — All heaven and earth one golden law obey, 
 And law but speaks in order's ceaseless sway. 
 Love's towering heart the scheme of order drew, 
 By power's high word the stately fabric grew, 
 And wisdom placed each stone in every wall. 
 And not a stone '^ without its woe can fall. 
 
 16 "The question," says William Law, " is not fairly stated, when it 
 is asked, whether episcopacy, being an apostolical practice, may be laid 
 aside ? But it should be asked, whether an instituted particular method 
 of continuing the priesthood be not necessary to be continued ? Whether 
 an appointed order of receiving a commission from God be not necessary 
 to be observed, in order to receive a commission from him ? If the case 
 was thus stated, as it ought to be fairly stated, any one would soon per- 
 ceive that we can no more lay aside episcopacy, and yet continue the 
 Christian priesthood, than we can alter the terms of salvation, and be in 
 covenant with God." 
 
 IT " Is it possible," says Hooker, " that man, being not only the noblest 
 creature in the world, but even a very world in himself, his transgressing 
 the law of his nature should draw no manner of harm after it?" 
 
33 
 
 Within thee warns the solemn guardian, fear ; 
 Ijaw cannot pause for all thou deem'st most dear ; 
 If to the cataract's whirl thou blindly urge, 
 On, on ! for thou must pass the mortal verge ; 
 If in thy maddening breast thou plunge the knife, 
 Nor prayers nor tears can stanch thine ebbing life. 
 Such doom is theirs who break through nature's awe. 
 And brave the eternal might of sacred law : 
 In realms of grace less sacred spreads its reign, 
 Or brings the severed bond less sure a pain ? 
 
 I. — Yes ; the stern fabric fell amidst its woes, 
 And o'er the wreck the cross of hope arose : 
 No more a sovereign, in these realms of grace 
 At love's fair feet, high order chose her place. 
 There, armed with blessing,'^ not with wrath, she stands. 
 And lifts no blade, but spreads her bounteous hands ; 
 Delights to marshal forth her wide array. 
 Yet not one lonely champion's arm would stay ;'^ 
 And if by heedless wound her bosom bleeds. 
 Still smiles benign, and still the warrior speeds. 
 
 C. — And asks no more than this ? 
 
 I. — Exacts no more ; 
 Nor longs to threat, nor pauses to deplore. 
 The church of order wears a radiant crown. 
 From the first days^° it passed in splendour down ; 
 
 '" " God sent not his Son into the world, to condemn the world, but 
 that the world through him might be saved." — St. John iii. 17. 
 
 19 » Forbid him not." St. Mark ix. 39. 
 
 20 n That the apostle," says Mr. 3Iilman, " should appoint some dis- 
 tinguished individual as the delegate, the representative, the successor to 
 his authority, as primary instructor of the community ; invest him in an 
 episcopacy, or overseership, superior to that of the co-ordinate body of 
 
 O 
 
34 
 
 All ancient memories shine and cluster there, 
 And all the lowly majesty of prayer ; 
 And pastors kneel in robes that martyrs wore, 
 And prelates sit where angels"' sat before ; 
 While still, with swelling years and hosts, increase 
 The peace of strength, the glorious strength of peace : 
 Enough are claims like these ! the heir of home 
 Shall send no sigh where younger brethren roam : 
 Not e'en though wrathful word or purpose vain 
 Should scorn his love, or fence his just domain : 
 But opes in generous wealth^' the ancestral hall, 
 Spreads out a brother's board, and welcomes all. 
 
 C — Might he not seem to hear a murmuring sound, 
 As from the statues of their sires around, 
 Whose Roman hearts had kept their holy trust, 
 Unawed mid strife, and mid entreaties, just? 
 Such hearts were theirs, ^^ who rose, a valiant train, 
 While the last Stuart reared his arm profane. 
 Yet, when he fell, retired with patient sigh, 
 And laid for him the jewelled signet by ; 
 
 eiders, is in itself by no means improbable ; it harmonizes with the period 
 in which we discover in the Sacred Writings this change in the form of 
 the permanent government of the different bodies; accounts most easily 
 for the general submission to the authority of one religious chief magis- 
 trate, so unsatisfactorily explained by the accidental pre-eminence of the 
 president of a college of coequal presbyters ; and is affirmed by general 
 tradition, which has ever, in strict unison with every other part of Chris- 
 tian history, preserved the names of many successors of the apostles, the 
 first bishops in most of the larger cities in which Christianity was first 
 established." 
 
 '• " The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches." — Rev. i. 20. 
 
 ^* " It is not," says a pious writer, " by shutting herself up in a fort- 
 ress, and fighting from canonical ramparts, that the Church is at any time 
 to be sustained, but by coming abroad to bless with an enlarged heart and 
 a liberal hand." 
 
 ^' Four of the seven prelates who were tried for resisting the dispens- 
 ing power of James the Second, were afterwards deprived for their adhe- 
 sion to his royal right, and aided in laying the foundation of the nonjuring 
 communion in England. 
 
35 
 
 So firm he stood, who thence the first^* upbore 
 The pastoral crosier on the Atlantic shore : 
 So bold the march of that outdazzling star,*^^ 
 Which poured its kindling beams so full and far, 
 That pilgrims come, where still they latest rest, - 
 And kiss thy sod, sweet Auburn of the West ! 
 
 I. — If names prevail, I call e'en worthier names ; 
 And Cranmer"^* answers from his car of flames ; 
 And Grindal's^' mild, and Whitgift's'^ sober sway ; 
 And Sancroft's"' self in Albion's troubled day ; 
 
 ^* The Scottish bishops were long nonjurors, and their consecrations 
 ind those of the English nonjurors were mingled together. Bishop Sea- 
 bury, who derived his consecration from these sources, unquestionably 
 shared, to a great extent, their conceptions of ecclesiastical authority. 
 
 ^* The peculiar principles of Bishop Hobart were designedly so promi- 
 nent in his whole career, ihat, in an eloquent address which his biogra- 
 pher describes as " all nature, feeling, and passion, wrought up to the high- 
 est pitch," he rejected Resolutions of general respect and approbation 
 from his diocese, which made no allusion to those principles. 
 
 ^^ The opinion of Cranmer was, in his own words, that " sometimes 
 the Apostles and others, unto whom God had given abundantly his Spirit, 
 sent or appointed ministers of God's word; sometimes the people did 
 choose such as they thought meet hereunto ; and when any were appointed 
 or sent by the Apostles or others, the people of their own voluntary will 
 with thanks did accept them : not for the supremity, empire, or dominion 
 that the Apostles had over them to command, as their princes and mas- 
 ters, but as good people, ready to obey the advice of good counsellors, and 
 to accept any thing that was necessary for their edification and benefit." 
 He also declared that " in the New Testament, he that is appointed to be 
 a bishop, or a priest, needeth no consecration, by the Scripture, for elec- 
 tion or appointing thereto is sufficient." 
 
 27 Archbishop Grindal acted as superintendent of the foreign Protest- 
 ants in London, and exercised discipline, excommunicating one of their 
 ministers for heretical doctrine. They had, of course, an organization 
 derived from the ecclesiastical systems of their own churches abroad. He 
 did not hesitate, it would also seern, to license a minister, who had received 
 only presbyterian ordination ; an example in which he would have been 
 followed by many of the prelates of his generation and the next ; among 
 whom, according to their own declarations, would have been Hutton and 
 Overall. 
 
 28 Archbishop Whitgift, against the Puritan Cartwright, expressly de- 
 nied that "the Scriptures have set down any one form of church govern- 
 ment to be perpetual." 
 
 29 Archbishop Sancroft, when the Church of England was threatened 
 by the measures of King James, besought his clergy "more especially that 
 
36 
 
 And those whose toils Nassau's^" great tale adorn, 
 When faith and learning smiled in freedom's morn ; 
 The halls of Dort,^' and Zurich's^^ quiet strand; 
 And ancient aisles^^ in Leighton's mountain land ; 
 
 they have a tender regard to our brethren the Protestant Dissenters ; that 
 upon occasion offered they visit them at their houses, and receive them 
 kindly at their own, and treat them fairly wherever they meet them, per- 
 suading them, if it may be, to a full compliance with our Church ; or at 
 least, that whereunto we have already attained, we may walk by the same 
 rule, and mind the same things ; and in order thereunto, that they take op- 
 portunities of assuring and convincing them, that the bishops of this Church 
 are really and sincerely irreconcilable enemies to the errors, superstitions, 
 idolatries, and tyrannies of the Church of Rome, and that the very 
 unkind jealousies which some have had of us to the contrary were alto- 
 gether groundless ; and in the last place, that they warmly and affection- 
 ately join us in daily fervent prayer to the God of peace for an universal, 
 blessed union of all Reformed Churches at home and abroad, against our 
 common enemy." 
 
 ^° Amongst those names which King William placed on the catalogue 
 of prelates were, Tillotson, Stillingfleet, Sharp, Kidder, Burnet, Patrick, 
 Cumberland, Fowler, Williams, Tenison, Grove, Hough. It was a part 
 of the plan of Archbishop Tillotson, of "concessions wJiich would proba- 
 bly be made by the Church of England," that ministers ordained abroad 
 by presbyters should not be reordained in England, and that ministers so 
 ordained at home should be hypothetically reordained. 
 
 ■'' The Church of England was represented at the Synod of Dort, in 
 Presbyterian Holland, by Bishop Carleton, and by Davenant and Hall, 
 afterwards two of its most eminent and pious prelates. Delegates had 
 been invited from Scotland, France, Switzerland, and Germany, and proba- 
 bly were present from most or all of these countries. 
 
 •'' The first bishops after the final establishment of the Reformation 
 under Elizabeth, had been exiles in Switzerland and Germany; had lived 
 in affectionate communion with the Protestant Churches abroad, and never 
 dropped a grateful correspondence after their return. Jewel, Sandys, and 
 Parkhurst, were at Zurich, the guests of Peter Martyr, when they heard 
 of the death of Queen Mary. 
 
 3* When the Scottish bishops, under James the First, were to receive 
 consecration in England, Bishop Andrews, of Ely, suggested that, as they 
 had never received episcopal ordination, this must be first administered. 
 " Archbishop Bancroft," says Cook, the historian of the Church of Scot- 
 land, " insisted, on the other hand, thai this was unnecessary, because, 
 where there were no bishops, ordination by presbyters must be esteemed 
 valid, and that if this were disputed, it might be doubted whether there 
 was any lawful vocation in most of the reformed churches. The Bishop 
 of Ely was satisfied by the judicious observation of the primate, and the 
 work of consecration was then completed." Fifty years later, indeed, 
 after the temporary overthrow of episcopacy in Scotland, a different deci- 
 sion was adopted ; but Sharp himself, the Scottish primate, though he 
 unwillingly submitted, did not require the ministers in Scotland to be 
 reordained. 
 
37 
 
 And Wake's warm lips," that blessed the missioned 
 
 Dane ; 
 And Seeker's heart,^^ ^j^h Swartz across the main : 
 The serried ranks where Howe and Burnet moved, ^^ 
 Where Doddridge wrote, and Warburton approved ;" 
 Fulham's green walks when fervent Porteus^^ smiled 
 
 34 Archbishop Wake, in 1715, addressed, with paternal affection and 
 apostolic fervency, the missionary Ziegenbalg, who had been ordained in 
 Denmark. The missions in India, conducted by Danish and German 
 Lutherans, were under the special patronage and support of the English 
 Church, through the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, its 
 organ. It is well known what an intercourse was maintained by Wake 
 with foreign churches, and how he disclaimed the "iron heart," and the 
 "fury" of those who denied them the possession of true sacraments. 
 
 3s The labours of Swartz began a little before the primacy of Seeker, 
 which extended from 1758 to 1768; but it was in 1766 that Swartz estab- 
 lished the mission at Trichinopoly. Seeker expressed himself in this 
 manner respecting the foreign Protestants : " We desire to live in peace 
 with all the Protestant Churches abroad. We protect and assist those on 
 the Continent of Europe as much as we are able. We show our regard 
 for the members of the Church of Scotland, as often as we have an oppor- 
 tunity." " Supposing we had even acted without, and separated from, our 
 church governors, as our Protestant brethren abroad were forced to do, 
 was there not a cause .= When the Word of God was hidden from men, 
 and his worship performed in an unknown tongue ; when pernicious false- 
 hoods were required to be professed, and sinful terms of communion to be 
 complied with ; when church authority, by supporting such things as 
 these, became incompetent to the ends for which it was established, what 
 remedy was there but to throw it off, and form new establishments.' If 
 in these there were any imperfections, they were the faults of those who 
 forced men into them, and are not to be considered in comparison with the 
 reason that made a change necessary. For, were a man to separate him- 
 self from every church he knows on earth, in order that he might obey 
 the command of Christ, he would still be a valuable member of the gen- 
 eral assembly and church of the first-born whose names are written in 
 
 36 Howe, in a Letter on Occasional Conformity, thus speaks of the pre- 
 lates of that day, amongst whom Burnet was the most voluminous writer, 
 and one of the most friendly to the nonconformists : " Thanks be to God, 
 we are not so stupid, as not to apprehend we are under stricter and much 
 more sacred obligations, than can be carried under the sound of a name, to 
 adhere to our reverend fathers and brethren of the Established Church, 
 who are most united among themselves in duty to God and our Redeemer, 
 in loyalty to our sovereign, and in fidelity to the Protestant Religion ; as 
 with whom, in this dubious state of things, we are to run all hazards, and 
 to live and die together." „ ^ , , . , ^ j 
 
 37 Warburton was a correspondent of Doddridge for many years, and 
 declared the obligations of all Christians to him for his E^posit'on^ 
 
 38 The part of Bishop Porteus in the foundation of the Bible teociety, 
 
38 
 
 On bonds that half the ills of strife beguiled ; 
 And Heber's voice^^ along the Indian plains ; 
 And that high-hearted tone^" from London's fanes ; 
 Or the long age^ ' that, reverenced first as last, 
 O'er all our land its charm of meekness cast ; 
 Or his who chained our childhood's awe and love, 
 Simple, and wise, and gentle as the dove. 
 That second patriarch, calm through many a storm 
 The apostle's soul within the apostle's form ! 
 
 They left no hallowed trust, they spurned no laws ; 
 But on their banners wrote the common cause :*^ 
 
 has been supported and followed by such prelates as Barrington, Burgess, 
 Ryder, and the Sumners. 
 
 39 11 Were I to return to Germany," said Bishop Heber, in a letter to 
 one of the Lutheran missionaries, "I would again, as before, humbly and 
 thankfully avail myself of the preaching and sacramental ordinances of the 
 Evangelical Lutheran Church, not doubting that they are a true Church of 
 Christ, and that the Spirit of God is with them, as I trust he is with us 
 also." He adds, " if a preacher, ordained in the method practised in Ger- 
 many, foresees a marked advantage to Christ's cause in a closer alliance 
 with his Episcopalian brethren, I see not that he dishonours his previous 
 commission b}' seeking our prayers and blessing in the form which we 
 think most conformable to God's will." His determination as to the Lu- 
 theran sacraments, is the same with that of Usher and Cosin as to those 
 of the Reformed Church in France and Holland. 
 
 40 "That high-hearted prelate," as he has been named, who presides 
 over the British metropolis, has openly, in his own cathedral, acknow- 
 ledged the Protestant Churches of the continent, as true branches of the 
 one body. Even Laud could say, " I have endeavoured to unite the Cal- 
 vinists and Lutherans ; nor have I absolutely unchurched them : I say, 
 indeed, in my book against Fisher, according to St. Jerome, No Bishop, 
 no Church, and that none but a Bishop can ordain, except in cases of inevi- 
 table necessity, and whether that be the case in the foreign churches, 
 the world must judge." 
 
 ^' Bishop White deemed it enough to say, " this is the originally con- 
 stituted order ; and, therefore, without judging those who have departed 
 from it, we may wish and pray for its restoration in all Christian Church- 
 es ;" and to speak of " the taking of our share in the work of extending 
 Christian preaching and worship to the States recently risen and to those 
 still rising." 
 
 *^ Thus has Hare spoken : "Such is God's visible kingdom. We of 
 the Church of England form one portion of it ; the Dissenters form another 
 portion of it ; the Roman Catholics form a third, though a very corrupt 
 portion. In a word, wherever Christ is worshipped, wherever his sacra- 
 
39 
 
 No fetters yet were forged, and none they broke, 
 When what we feel they freely, frankly spoke." ^ 
 
 C. If, while beneath their vines the borderers live, 
 
 Such words the gentlest to the gentlest give, 
 Yet, soon as bitter shafts are on the wing. 
 Another banner to the breeze they fling. 
 Peace, courtesy, love, may grace the tents of men ; 
 But bearnot these within the wild wolf's den. 
 
 I. Then, from the den away ! and well beware 
 
 Lest thine own feet should find the hunter's snare ! 
 Yes, bitter shafts are sped ! scarce viler flew 
 When his fierce taunts the Assyrian boaster threw ! 
 Just in that hour, when, hastening to repose. 
 The seventh day's sun with hohest softness glows, 
 Then, like the car that rolled from door to door 
 With the plague's dead, and only asked for more, 
 Comes the black sheet,"' unchristened save in name, 
 And strews the gathered poison of its shame. 
 I seek not words of fire ; but tears may flow. 
 And warmth may mingle with foreboding woe, 
 When, pert and coarse and reckless and profane. 
 Quenching all love, and nursing all disdain, 
 The idol press pollutes our Sabbath rest, 
 And claims the holy hearth, a brawling guest, 
 
 ments are administered, wherever salvation is preached through faith in 
 him, there is a branch of the Church of Christ ; there is a portion of God s 
 
 "^'^'43 » ThL°™ says Whately, "who shall have disdained all politic 
 disguise, suppression of truths and connivance at error, as intrinsicalv 
 evit derogatory to the cause of our religion, and indicating a want of faith 
 in God will afterwards find by experience that the most frank, manly, and 
 straightforward course is also the wisest ; and will have averted many of 
 the evils into which a timorous and crooked policy, adopted through appre- 
 •hension of those evils, would have led them." 
 41 " Palmam qui meruit, ferat." 
 
40 
 
 The lip of scorn o'er pleading candour curled, 
 And courtesy left to rule the smiling world ; 
 Till, stripped of might, still Bonner seems to roar, 
 And Peters^' lifts the Roundhead's axe once more. 
 
 C. — All are not such : sometimes a loftier page 
 
 With classic sweetness soothes a warring age ; 
 And like the brooks that, loosed in early spring. 
 Sing as they leap, and sparkle as they sing, 
 So wakes the Gothic Muse,^® with stirring lays. 
 Tales of renown, and chants of other days. 
 Deep thoughts that loved the cloister's silent gloom, 
 Fancy that lights on no unhallowed bloom. 
 And reason ranging o'er the appointed ground, 
 And soaring highfPs glory's outmost bound ! 
 
 I. — So let them range, nor linger all too long 
 
 Mid themes that damp the wings of truth and song ! 
 The gown of black against the gown of white ;^'' 
 The candles fading in the noonday light ; 
 The author's solemn care, with nice delay. 
 To close his preface on St. Andrew's day 1 
 And sometimes e'en might mount a flight sublime 
 Beyond the questions grave that shake the time ; 
 The questions grave, if, save from priestly hand, 
 Truth can be true, and rites divine can stand ; 
 
 *^ There was a story that Hugh Peters was the executioner of King 
 Charles. Directly, he certainl was not. 
 
 *® The literature to which this name is appropriate, is easily identified , 
 and in the higher order of its productions, claims an honest admiration. 
 
 47 ti \yg may laugh at vanity," says Pascal, " without a breach of char- 
 ity." 
 
41 
 
 If, when the prelate's crook is hung on high, 
 Aught else remain to win a Saviour's eye ! 
 When fields like these are wandered o'er and o'er, 
 The church might yield some vale or hilltop more, 
 Whence the rich mind might load the graceful pen, 
 To bring some truth that heaven has sowed for men. 
 
 C. — The strenuous chief will push the broken host ; 
 Most plies the leech his skill where pain is most ; 
 To-morrow's ease may deck thy rural bower ; 
 But snatch to-day thy harvest from the shower. 
 For many a post a thousand hands will fight ; 
 The queenly church must guard her queenly right : 
 How but by arms she needs must wield alone, 
 Hopes she on earth to rear her destined throne, 
 An age of scorn to notes of peace to still, 
 And lead in triumph up her holy hill ? 
 
 I. — I know a nobler way !^^ Serene to rise, 
 
 And wear the crown and vestments of the skies ; 
 The fair white robe that floats, without a stain, 
 When, one by one, ascend the saintly train ; 
 The jewelled wreath that fits the heavenly bride, 
 A spirit meek, and pure, and strange to pride ; 
 The shining zone, where love's mild splendours play, 
 And pour o'er every charm its dearest ray ! 
 
 <* " Some," says Berkley, " preferring points notional or ritual to the 
 love of God and man, consider the National Church only as it stands op- 
 posed to other Christian societies. These generally have a zeal without 
 knowledge, and the effects are suitable to the cause ; they really hurt what 
 they seem to espouse." The British Critic of former years has the remark, 
 " if men are determined that combination of principles shall be called com- 
 promise of principle, we cannot help it : for it is better not to shrink from 
 an ugly word, than to ride the hobby of some single principle to death, 
 and so act in a manner contrary to all the analogies of the natural, and all 
 the uses of the moral and intellectual world." 
 
42 
 
 The laurels won in learning's hallowed toils ; 
 The mission's camp, enriched with Pagan spoils ; 
 The peaceful councils, where to glorious deeds 
 A father's call the band of brethren leads ; 
 And wealth's free hand ; and manners undefiled ; 
 And the sweet care that guards a Christian child ; 
 Truth to those creeds, so old, and firm, and large ; 
 Truth, through the frame, to each sole member's charge ; 
 Zeal's burning trump, and bounty's noiseless tread. 
 Life's well-fought field, and victory's dying bed : 
 Whate'er should grace the guide to realms of rest, 
 Whate'er should be the school of spirits blest ! 
 
 C. — Oh, come the day when all those holy charms 
 Shall add their might to right's triumphant arms ! 
 Then, then, perhaps, the film at last may fall. 
 And spectres rise no more at hatred's call, 
 To pour through vaulted aisles a shadowy gloom, 
 Shed the chill vapours of the living tomb. 
 Breathe o'er the font of grace their magic air, 
 Plant some grim monster in the apostle's chair, 
 Fix on all brows and hands that deadly seal, 
 Or round the shrine an idol's pomp reveal ! 
 
 I. — E'en now they pass ; already far they fly ; 
 And champions meet and ponder, eye to eye. 
 From the calm mount survey their battle plains. 
 And ask how much of all their feud remains. 
 The wounds that Baxter" wept almost are healed. 
 And time has given what Hooker^" dared not yield ; 
 
 ** Of the eight things which Baxter and his brethren, at tlie Savoy 
 Conference, selected as directly sinful requisitions in the English Liturgy, 
 six or seven are not requisitions in the American. 
 
 ^'^ Hooker defends the length of the English service, the use of the 
 
43 
 
 Forgot the baron's state, the prince's stay, 
 That burdened once the shepherd's gentle sway ; 
 From the pure board retires the throng profane, 
 And doctrine melts where penance scourged in vain ; 
 Once stubborn knees around us joy to bend ; 
 From the grave's brink unwonted prayers ascend ; 
 Where David's song was rent from David's string, 
 Psaltery and viol, chant and organ ring : 
 So far are fled the dreams of elder days ; 
 Oh, come no voice yet darker shapes to raise ! 
 If on this voyage of centuries aught be won, 
 If faith's true banner court the noonday sun. 
 Not to the deep the dear-bought prize be cast, 
 But nail that banner only to the mast ! 
 
 C. — Alone to that dear banner clings my love : 
 Give but the faith that opes yon land above. 
 Give but the chain which guards that faith below, 
 And all beside with time or taste may flow. 
 A band of silken hair can bind the heart ; 
 Sadly from friendship's meanest gift we part ; 
 And I could joy the selfsame prints to tread 
 Where trod from age to age the holy dead : 
 Old words to hear, and rites unchanged to see, 
 E'en on the long-worn stone to press my knee : 
 Yet, give but these, and strife's wild standards furled, 
 One host we march,^' and peace subdues the world. 
 
 songs of Mary and of Simeon, and of the Athanasian Creed, the absence of 
 general and special forms of thanksgiving, the requisition of the sign of 
 the cross, and various other usages wliich, in the progress of time, and at 
 subsequent reviews, have been either removed or modified, some in Eng- 
 land, all in the United States. 
 
 ^* "Utinam," exclaims the elegant Witsius, in language too sweet to 
 be translated, " utinam tandem ille tot priorum votis expetitus illucescat 
 
44 
 
 I. — So speak thy pulses, love, where'er they beat ! 
 So kindred bosoms leap, and long to meet ! 
 When shall the gathered tide of feeling roll 
 O'er the poor mounds that sever soul from soul? 
 When, when, shall wisdom, learning, patience, prayer, 
 With their strong arms the ark of union bear. 
 Not in slight skirmish, not to village broil,^^ 
 But as in scenes where patriot statesmen toil ; 
 Not win a stripling's or a maiden's voice. 
 But lead right on the vast assembly's choice ? 
 Till then, be hope,^^ still smiling hope, our guide. 
 And, change what may, let one just word abide ; 
 Where love persuades, shall earliest truth prevail : 
 Where love and truth persuade not, all must fail. 
 
 C. — Then, Rome remains, in smiles or frowns alike, 
 Watching her hour, and watching but to strike ; 
 Like the hawk hovering just beyond the hill, 
 Her pinions spread. 
 
 I. — So spread her pinions still ! 
 They shall not cloud a hearth on all our coast. 
 Save where the foot of pride shall plant its boast ! 
 By the dark Danube, on the Tuscan plain, 
 Where olive groves o'erhang the vales of Spain, 
 
 dies, quo sublatis e medio, aeternaeque damnatis oblivioni, cunctis schisma- 
 tum norninibus, quidquid toto orbe Christianorutn est, ad ortum solis ab 
 Hesperio cubili, unum una mente colat, una voce loquatur Deum ; et, ut 
 in Zachariae oraculis est, Jehova unus sit, et nomen ejus unum in univerea 
 terra!" 
 
 ** " To certain zealots," says Lord Bacon, " all speech of pacification 
 is odious. ' Is it peace, Jehu ?' ' What hast thou to do with peace ? turn 
 thou behind me.' Peace is not the matter, but following, and party." 
 
 »3 "Dabit Deus his quoque finem." 
 
 I. f.f z<. 
 
45 
 
 Where from their towers the Aztec myriads poured, 
 
 And their realm melted at the adventurer's sword, 
 
 There the son still may share the father's doom, 
 
 And faith, through crushing rocks, may upward bloom. 
 
 But other sires were ours ! and Rome must blot 
 
 From her rich vestments many a damning spot, 
 
 The anthems poured^* for that remorseless night 
 
 When good Coligny fell, but not in fight, 
 
 The word that sealed the murderer's blind command, 
 
 And loosed red Alva'^ on the Flemish strand, 
 
 And to the prince^^ of fiery triumphs gave 
 
 The snowwhite cliffs, when chains should bind the wave ] 
 
 Then, she may turn Missouri's mingled tides, 
 
 And bid them climb the rocky rampart's sides ; 
 
 Ere all her breath shall check the loosened bark/^ 
 
 Or light, for all her spells, again be dark ! 
 
 O my dear country ! great and fair and free, 
 
 With thy wide arms outstretched to either sea ! 
 
 5< Pope Gregory XIII. made a solemn procession, in thanksgiving for 
 the massacre of St. Bartholomew. 
 
 ** Pius V. exhorted Philip II. to make no concessions in the Nether- 
 lands. Ranke relates, that after the dreadful successes of Alva, whom 
 Schiller describes as a man who might have been supposed to have been 
 born far too early, and to have been designed for an instrument of provi- 
 dential judgment, a mighty reaper, when the harvest of human iniquity 
 should be ripe for the sickle ; a private secretary of King Philip addressed 
 the papal nuncio one day, " My Lord, are you satisfied with the King's 
 proceedings .-"' " Q,uite satisfied," answered the nuncio, with a smile. 
 
 *® Sixtus V. urged on the husband of Q,ueen Mary to the conquest of 
 England; and if papal blessings, prayers, or money, could have availed, 
 the armada had safely reached the shore, the stout hearts of Elizabeth and 
 her people had poured out their blood, and the Inquisition had lighted the 
 fires of Smithfield in a thousand market-places. " Is there any wrong 
 way in the world," says Lightfoot, " if blowing up parliaments be not out 
 of the right one .-■" 
 
 " " You may tell 
 Your Pope, that when I sail upon the seas, 
 I shall not strike a topsail for the breath 
 Of all his maledictions." — Southey's Madoc. 
 
46 
 
 Lift high those arras to heaven ; redeem thy trust ; 
 And in thy power be generous and be just ! 
 Cleanse from thy shield dishonour's rusting stain ; 
 Strike down the wretched links of every chain ; 
 Tell in thy halls a ransomed world's release f^ 
 And lead the glorious front of Christian peace ! 
 So, though the welcome stranger build his shrine, 
 And blend the rites of gloomier days with thine, 
 Far shall he leave the dread of sceptred Rome, 
 And the pure waves shall guard our Western home. 
 
 C. — Sweet scenes before my soul come floating by ! 
 I see a Christian empire's^' eagle fly ! 
 One chant of praise a thousand cities sing, 
 Ten thousand dales the same far echoes ring ; 
 From the high towers in thunder forth it swells, 
 Then answers soft where die the village bells ; 
 It joins the sound of labour's cheerful peals, 
 The rushing stream, the hum of countless wheels ; 
 Down the calm bay a manlier note is cast. 
 Where the true seaman sends it from the mast ; 
 It comes to nerve the woodman's mountain stroke ; 
 It rises lonely with the settler's smoke ; 
 It cheers the rough hand, resting on the plough ; 
 And the black peasant shouts, a freeman now ! 
 
 68 " And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.' 
 St. John viii. 32. 
 
 89 Whether the destiny of our republic be, as I have imagined, to unite, 
 not by constraint, not in mere tolerance, but with the bright bands of a true 
 affection, whatever is really Christian, and thus to give to the world what 
 neither the laws of princes, nor the authority of synods could give, the 
 spectacle of Christianity reigning in peace, time will reveal. In the mean 
 while, I have cast this leaf upon the wind, believing that it will find in 
 other minds the feeling which gave it birth, the warm wish for catholic 
 unity of heart. 
 
47 
 
 Church of my heart's best love ! there thou art seen. 
 A virgin pure, perhaps a spotless queen ! 
 If thy dear Lord to thee such crown has given, 
 And all shall grasp a bond that ne'er was riven, 
 Lead on, where'er his guiding stat has shone, 
 And willing hearts shall form thy peaceful throne ! 
 Or, if the years of one sole bond be past. 
 Nor the first hallowed union mould the last. 
 Thou knowest where yields our war a nobler crown, 
 Where laid thy Prince His heavenly purple down ; 
 The patient field where holiest toils are tried, 
 The green, still meads that hear no note of pride. 
 
 THE END. 
 
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